nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation du recours a l'anesthesiste reanimateur lors de la chirurgie de la cataracte realisee sous anesthesie topique
Year: 2015

Resume Objectif Le contexte demographique actuel en anesthesistes reanimateurs en France contribue a faire reconsiderer la prise en charge anesthesique des patients operes de la cataracte sous anesthesie topique. Cette etude prospective observationnelle avait pour objectif d'evaluer le besoin de recourir a un anesthesiste pendant la chirurgie de la cataracte realisee sous anesthesie topique. Patients et methodes Les patients operes entre le 2 novembre 2011 et le 31 juillet 2012 etaient inclus apres indication d'anesthesie topique pour phacoemulsification posee par le chirurgien et confirmee par l'anesthesiste. Chaque patient etait monitore et surveille en salle d'intervention par une infirmiere anesthesiste. Un anesthesiste etait joignable a tout moment a la demande du chirurgien ou de l'infirmiere anesthesiste. Les antecedents medicaux etaient enregistres ainsi que l'evenement appel de l'anesthesiste avec le motif et le traitement realise. Resultats Cinq cent soixante quinze phacoemulsifications ont ete realisees chez 486 patients. L'evenement appel de l'anesthesiste a ete enregistre 20 fois 18 fois pour une hypertension arterielle, une fois pour une anxiete et une fois pour le recours a une anesthesie generale non urgente suite a une complication chirurgicale. Les episodes d'hypertension arterielle ont ete traites efficacement en suivant le protocole d'administration de nicardipine. L'hypertension arterielle non equilibree en periode pre operatoire etait le seul facteur de risque clinique predictif d'appel de l'anesthesiste.  Ces resultats remettent en question l'utilite de la consultation d'anesthesie chez tous les patients operes de phacoemulsification sous anesthesie topique, puisqu'elle n'aboutit pas a un acte d'anesthesie. La prise en charge des complications medicales per operatoires peut s'envisager sous la forme de protocoles etablis conjointement par les chirurgiens et les anesthesistes. Cette pratique permettrait de liberer du temps medical anesthesique, sans nuire a la securite des patients.
Service quality, technical efficiency and total factor productivity growth in Pakistan's post reform electricity distribution companies
Year: 2021

Pakistan's energy sector has undergone substantial reforms during the last three decades with the aim to improve its operational performance and to cater to the growing energy needs of the economy. In the wake of these reforms, the WAPDA Act was passed in 1998 to achieve operational and financial efficiencies. Pakistan's electricity market is still hampered by issues like extended blackouts, electricity thefts, high circular debt and poor service quality. The electricity distribution sector is thus an interesting case to investigate its efficiency in the post reform period by examining the impact of service quality parameters (SQPs) which have generally been neglected in the literature. Stochastic frontier analysis has been used to estimate technical efficiency, while the Malmquist Productivity Index is implemented to decompose total factor productivity (TFP) into scale change, technical change and efficiency change from 2006 to 2016. We conclude that the technical efficiency score declines from 98 percent to 36 percent with the inclusion of SQPs in the models. The results also indicate a negative trend in scale change, implying that distribution companies are not operating at the technically optimal scale. We propose that the regulatory body should change its governance regime and focus on incentive based regulation instead of rate of return regulation.
Simultaneous Power Conversion Efficiency and Stability Enhancement of Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 Lead Free Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cell through Adopting a Multifunctional Dye Interlayer
Year: 2020

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are highly promising next generation photovoltaic devices because of the cheap raw materials, ideal band gap of 1.5 eV, broad absorption range, and high absorption coefficient. Although lead based inorganic organic PSC has achieved the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.2% the toxic nature of lead and poor stability strongly limits the commercialization. Lead free inorganic PSCs are potential alternatives to toxic and unstable organic inorganic PSCs. Particularly, double perovskite CsAgBiBr based PSC has received interests for its all inorganic and lead free features. However, the PCE is limited by the inherent and extrinsic defects of CsAgBiBr films. Herein, an effective and facile strategy is reported for improving the PCE and stability by introducing an N719 dye interlayer, which plays multifunctional roles such as broadening the absorption spectrum, suppressing the charge carrier recombination, accelerating the hole extraction, and constructing an appropriate energy level alignment. Consequently, the optimizing cell delivers an outstanding PCE of 2.84% much improved as compared with other CsAgBiBr based PSCs reported so far in the literature. Moreover, the N719 interlayer greatly enhances the stability of PSCs under ambient conditions. This work highlights a useful strategy to boost the PCE and stability of lead free CsAgBiBr based PSCs simultaneously, accelerating the commercialization of PSC technology.
Comparison of two instructions for deep breathing exercise: non specific and diaphragmatic breathing
Venue: Journal of physical therapy science
Year: 2018

Breathing exercises are frequently prescribed to reduce pulmonary complications after abdominal and thoracic surgery. Appropriate instructions ensuring the integrity of the self exercise are important. This study compared the effects of two instructions, focusing on non specific breathing (NB) and diaphragmatic breathing (DB) patterns, respectively, on the ventilatory efficiency and work of breathing.  The participants were healthy men (n=15) and women (n=15) Ventilatory parameters, heart rate, and autonomic nervous system activity were measured during natural and deep breathing phases performed under the two instructions (NB and DB) with the deep breathing phase following the natural breathing phase.  For both men and women, ventilatory efficiency was increased during deep breathing relative to natural breathing, regardless of the instructions. In women, the increment in ventilatory efficiency during deep breathing was greater under NB compared to that under DB. The work of breathing decreased during deep breathing in women under both instructions, but did not change in men under DB.  Under NB instruction, deep breathing elicits similar or greater effects on ventilatory efficiency compared to that under DB instruction.
Pitch accent drives stress placement in Passamaquoddy Maliseet
Year: 2018

Passamaquoddy Maliseet is known among linguists for having a stress system that is insensitive to reduced vowels the system treats these vowels as if they do not exist (LeSourd, 1988, 1993) The vowel that most commonly exhibits this invisible behaviour is schwa, although all other vowels are capable of being skipped over by the stress system, with varying degrees of regularity (LeSourd, 1993) Previous analyses of these invisible vowels have noted that their behaviour cannot be explained by positing that they are epenthetic (Hagstrom, 1995) and instead have proposed that they are structurally "deficient" either in their lexical representation (LeSourd, 1988, 1993) or in the associated prosodic structure (Hagstrom, 1995) I propose that these vowels are not "deficient" or "invisible" to the stress system, but instead are simply too short to be able to host the pitch accent associated with stress or the transitions between these pitch accents. In order to better establish the above claims, some basic facts about Passamaquoddy Maliseet will be reviewed, such as the default stress pattern and the behaviour of reduced vowels. Passamaquoddy Maliseet is an Eastern Algonquian language spoken in Maine, United States (Passamaquoddy) and New Brunswick, Canada (Maliseet) Although around 5,500 people identify themselves as Passamaquoddy or Maliseet (Lewey, personal communication) only about 500 are native speakers (Lewis et al. 2015) As a result, this language is classified as "shifting [into disuse]" by Ethnologue (Lewis et al. 2015) The default stress pattern of Passamaquoddy Maliseet is defined in (1) with examples provided in (2) No distinction is made between primary and secondary stress when transcribing stress in this language all are written with an acute accent
Optimal Loop Placement and Models for Length Based Vehicle Classification and Stop and Go Traffic
Year: 2011

Inductive loops are widely used nationwide for traffic monitoring and as a data source for a variety of needs. The loop data have been used for vehicle length based classification in many states including Ohio. The dual loop detector consists of two single loop detectors which are placed apart at a fixed short distance, enabling the dual loop detector data to be a potential real time data source for speed and vehicle classifications. The existing dual loop length based vehicle classification model has been well evaluated against free flow traffic but is not suitable for non free flow traffic conditions (such as synchronized and stop and go congestion states) This project identifies the performance of the existing length based vehicle classification models under various traffic conditions, and develops new models for congested traffic using dual loop data. In order to ensure the right use of the new models under different traffic conditions, correct identification of varied traffic flow states is a critical need. For this purpose, an algorithm for identifying three traffic states, namely, free flow, synchronized flow, and stop and go flow, has been developed. A heuristic approach is employed for developing this algorithm with combination of occupancy and speed which directly result from the dual loop data. Thresholds of variables involved in the algorithm are recommended based on the statistical analysis of the data gained from the sampling dual loop stations in I 71/I70  In addition, loop standards of layout and installation method have been collected from 17 states in the United States. Brief analysis of the collected standards is conducted to provide fundamental information for future evaluation.
Perspectives of LGBTQ emerging adults on the depiction and impact of LGBTQ media representation
Year: 2017

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) young people have been increasingly represented in traditional (offline) media over the past two decades. However, research had not adequately focused on the content of contemporary representations, how such depictions impact LGBTQ young people, or how young people's experiences are affected by the present context characterized by the rapidly increasing prevalence of new (online) media. Utilizing grounded theory with a sample (n 19) of emerging adults (age 18 22) this study investigates: (1) messages about sexual orientation and/or gender identity LGBTQ emerging adults receive from LGBTQ representations in traditional media; (2) potential differences in the experiences of LGBTQ emerging adults with traditional media compared to new media; and (3) how consumption of these media messages impact LGBTQ emerging adults. Results indicate that while traditional media (particularly television) creates a common dialogue and validates identity, it continues to represent LGBTQ people as one dimensional and stereotypical, ignores many LGBTQ sub groups, limits LGBTQ young people's perceptions of their future trajectories, and offers no opportunities for critique. In contrast, emerging new media offers new, important, and valued spaces for discussion and creativity.
Unraveling electricity consumption profiles in households through clusters: Combining smart meters and door to door surveys
Year: 2016

Improvements of energy efficiency and reduction of Electricity Consumption (EC) could be pushed by increased knowledge on consumption profiles. This paper contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the EC profiles in a Southwest European city through the combination of high resolution data from smart meters (daily electricity consumption) with door to door 110 question surveys for a sample of 265 households in the city of Evora, in Portugal. This analysis allowed to define ten power consumption clusters using Ward's method hierarchical clustering, corresponding to four distinct types of annual consumption profiles: U shape (sharp and soft) W shape and Flat. U shape pattern is the most common one, covering 77% of the sampled households. The results show that three major groups of determinants characterize the electricity consumption segmentation: physical characteristics of a dwelling, especially year of construction and floor area; HVAC equipment and fireplaces ownership and use; and occupants' profiles (mainly number and monthly income) The combination of the daily EC data with qualitative door to door survey based data proved to be a powerful data nutshell to distinguish groups of power consumers, allowing to derive insights to support DSOs, ESCOs, and retailers to design measures and instruments targeted to effective energy reduction (e.g. peak shaving, energy efficiency)
Bireysellestirilmis egitim programi: Sinif ve rehberlik/psikolojik danismanlik ogretmenlerinin deneyimleri
Year: 2020

Bu arastirmada sinif ogretmenleri ile rehberlik ve psikolojik danismanlik (RPD) ogretmenlerinin Bireysellestirilmis Egitim Programi (BEP) gelistirme, uygulama, izleme ve degerlendirme sureclerindeki deneyimlerinin ve surecte karsilastiklari gucluklere iliskin cozum onerilerinin belirlenmesi amaclanmistir. Arastirmada temel nitel arastirma modeli kullanilmistir. Arastirmanin katilimcilarini Izmir ilindeki ilkokullarda gorev yapan 12 sinif ogretmeni ile 11 RPD ogretmeni olusturmustur. Katilimcilarin BEP surecinde yasananlara iliskin gorus ve onerileri, iki katilimci grupla ikiser olmak uzere toplam dort odak grup gorusmesi gerceklestirilerek toplanmistir. Gorusmelerden elde edilen veriler tumevarimsal icerik analizi ile analiz edilmistir. Sinif ogretmenleri ve RPD ogretmenlerinden elde edilen bulgulardan yediser tema olusturulmus ve iki grup icin olusturulan temalar arasinda yogun ortusmeler gozlenmistir. Iki grup katilimcidan elde edilen bulgular; okul personelinin mesleki gelisim ve yasam boyu ogrenme olanaklarindan yararlanmasinin, surecte yer alan digerleriyle etkili iletisim ve isbirligi kurmada duyarli olmasinin ve destek hizmetlerin surecte yer alan tum paydaslara sunulmasinin kaynastirma/butunlestirme ve BEP uygulamalarinin nitelikli yurutulmesinde onemli bir rol oynayacagini ortaya koymustur.
A pitch extraction algorithm in noise based on temporal and spectral representations
Venue: 2008 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing
Year: 2008

In this paper, a new algorithm for pitch extraction from noisy speech signals based on both temporal and spectral representations is presented. We derive a harmonic sinusoidal correlation (HSC) model of clean speech as a temporal representation. Given only a noisy speech frame, a noise robust least squares minimization technique is proposed to acquire the parameters of the HSC model which are directly employed for the accurate estimation of a pitch harmonic (PH) Exploiting the extracted PH and based on a spectral representation which is an enhanced spectrum in the discrete cosine transform domain, a two fold criterion is developed in order to achieve the true consecutive number corresponding to PH that is finally adopted for pitch detection in the presence of noise. Simulation results using the Keele pitch extraction reference database manifest that combining the multi cues obtained from the temporal as well as spectral representations, the proposed algorithm is able to achieve a superior efficacy in comparison to some of the existing methods from high to very low signal to noise ratio (SNR) levels.
Prospeedve Randomized Single blinded Contrded CII1CI Mal at Percutaneous Neuromodulation Pain Therapy Device Versu Sham for the Ostentritic Knee: A Pilot Study
Year: 2020

Dm Kans. Lewis. and Cole. Mr Omni% ant Ms Hoyden are from the Cartage Restoention Cosier a Rath. Rash Uneeerslry Medical Centex Cllicago. !IL Correspondence Jtondd be ad. diVIStS1 to: &San I. Cole. MD. MBA. Departments of Oritiopedies Anatomy and Cell &Any. Cat silage RestonstMot Censor as Kash. . gies and methods to treat pain. an anaCurrently. the first step in symptomatic 'diet includes anti inflammatory agents such as noristeroidal citatory dnigs (NSAIDs) or cyclooxygenase (COX) selective chips in conateaction with lifestyle modifications. Often. these measures are not sunScion to completely alleviate the pain, which pushes patients to seek other alternatives such as depot oosticosterold injections, narcotics. and surgery. However, narcotics are capable of producing adsesse effects including =pinata) depression. sedation. nausea. vomiting, and even behavioral problems. Corticoneroid injections are more invasive can only be repealed on a limited basis (ie. up to 3 times each year) and haw an associated risk of infection and pm steroid flare upi For
Secondary School Students' English Literacy: Use of Interactive Read Aloud Instructional Strategy
Year: 2017

The Global era has had a great impact on the existence of English as a global language which requires students to be good at its every skill. It is believed that students' English could be enhanced well with the use of certain strategies, one of which is Interactive Read Aloud Instructional Strategy (IRAIS) This study was aimed at examining the efficacy of IRAIS to help students to improve their English literacy achievements. Forty five out of 746 students were selected randomly as sample based on their grade levels (7 th 8 th 9 th and their levels of comprehension. By using time series design, these students were given interventions for three months using IRAIS and their English achievements were obtained from pre and post tests of four English literacy skills. During the interventions, the progress of the students was also monitored regularly by using three formative tests.The results showed consistent progress on the students' achievement during the interventions and upon their total English literacy achievement after the interventions. Among the four English literacy skills, the most significant improvement was in listening followed by writing, reading, and speaking. In terms of aspects of each literacy skill, the highest achievement scores were in inference of listening, narrative techniques of writing, vocabulary of reading, and vocal expression of speaking. These findings lead to the conclusion that IRAIS is an effective strategy in helping students to improve their level of English proficiency.
Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves in a Waveguide Filled with Space Time Multiperiodic Medium
Venue: 2019 Radiation and Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves (RSEMW)
Year: 2019

In this article the interaction of transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) waves with space time nonmagnetic multiperiodically modulated filling of the waveguide is considered under the assumption of small modulation indexes. TE and TM fields in the waveguide are described by the longitudinal components of magnetic and electric vectors, respectively. The wave equations for the specified components are received from Maxwell equations, which are reduced to the Mathieu Hill equations by changing variables. The solutions of these equations in the frequency domain of "weak" interaction of signal wave with modulation wave (the Wulff Bragg condition is not satisfied) was found with an accuracy of terms proportional to in the first degree of modulation indexes. It is shown, that TE and TM fields in the waveguide in the approximation, indicated above, consist of the sum of three space time harmonics with different amplitudes. An analytical expression is also found for the frequency around which a "strong" interaction between the signal wave and the waveguide modulation wave can occur.
Measuring Player Retention and Monetization Using the Mean Cumulative Function
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Games
Year: 2020

Game analytics supports game development by providing direct quantitative feedback about player experience. Player retention and monetization have become central business statistics in free to play game development. Total playtime and lifetime value in particular are central benchmarks, but many metrics have been used for this purpose. However, game developers often want to perform analytics in a timely manner before all users have churned from the game. This causes data censoring, which makes many metrics biased. In this article, we introduce how the mean cumulative function (MCF) can be used to measure metrics from censored data. Statistical tools based on the MCF allow game developers to determine whether a given change improves a game or whether a game is good enough for public release. The MCF is a general tool that estimates the expected value of a metric for any data set and does not rely on a model for the data. We demonstrate the advantages of this approach on a real in development free to play mobile game Hipster Sheep.
The effects of vitamin D on respiratory illnesses: a prospective natural treatment for COVID 19 symptoms
Year: 2020

In the midst of COVID 19, healthcare specialists and researchers worldwide have been actively investigating treatments for this new disease. As of July 3, 2020, there have been a total of 11,048,509 confirmed cases in more than 188 countries and regions with more and more cases being identified every day. Though there have been a couple of medications given EUA status by the FDA such as chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, and Fresenius Propoven, some of these treatments have been found to carry substantial health risks. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, for example, were found to cause abnormal heart rhythms and facilitated higher rates of death among patients in clinical trials. For this reason, a more natural option such as vitamin D has the potential to be safer and more effective in the prevention of SARS CoV 2 symptoms.  In this study, we investigate the benefits of vitamin D supplementation as shown in previous clinical trials involving respiratory illnesses and discussed which foods are most rich in vitamin D. Ultimately, we aim to provide an understanding of the mechanisms by which vitamin D is acquired and the most effective amounts that Functional Foods in Health and Disease 2020; 3(8):124 140 www.ffhdj.com Page 125 of 140 people should regularly consume in order to strengthen their immune system.  All of the case studies cited in this review were found through Google Scholar or NCBI by search queries such as "Vitamin D supplementation to treat respiratory illness." From over 48,000 results, we further searched for clinical trial studies on human subjects which had already been completed. Additional information regarding vaccinations and medications was sourced from the FDA and information about the nutritional value of foods was obtained from the USDA.  Vitamin D has been shown to have many beneficial effects on patients suffering from both respiratory and non respiratory illnesses. These benefits include, but are not limited to, lowered susceptibility to infection and lower bacterial counts, reduced symptoms of illness, increased serum 25(OH)D, and corrected vitamin D