nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Median Nerve Parachordoma Masquerading Schwannoma: An Uncommon Case
Venue: Indian Journal of Neurosurgery
Year: 2019

DOI https:/doi.org/ 10.1055/s 0039 1694840 ISSN 2277 954X. (c)2019 Neurological Surgeons' Society of India Benign tumors involving peripheral nerves of the upper extremity are uncommon. An entrapment syndrome resulting from the growing tumor causes symptoms. Pain is the most common complaint. We present a rare case of a median nerve parachordoma, a rare type of a benign tumor that presents as a palpable and painful mass on the flexor aspect of the forearm. A 62 year old woman presented with a painful swelling at the flexor aspect of the right forearm. On clinical examination, there was a painful solid mass, which was 2 cm in length, little sensitive to pressure, and had mobility restriction in both transverse and longitudinal directions. Percussion over the mass produced a Tinel's like sensation along the median nerve. The patient experienced mild numbness in the distribution of the median nerve in the palm, but no motor weakness or muscle atrophy was noticed. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination, lesion had a relatively homogenous low signal, slightly lower to the flexor tendon of the forearm, on T1 weighted images. On T1 fat suppressed contrast images, increased gadolinium enhancement was noticed >Fig. 1a, b) Based on the clinical and MRI features, provisional diagnosis of a nerve sheath tumor arising from the median nerve was made. A longitudinal incision centered over the tumor bulk at the distal part of flexor aspect of right forearm was performed. Adequate exposure of the nerve was done, both proximal and distal to the tumor. On exploration, the tumor was found to arise from the median nerve in the right forearm, below the flexor tendon. The tumor had an eccentric position and was firmly attached to the median nerve. The epineurium was longitudinally incised, and the soft tumor mass was dissected from surrounding nerve fascicles. The mass was encapsulated and removed completely >Fig. 1c, d) Postoperative course was uneventful with no new neurologic deficit. The histopathology report was suggestive of parachordoma >Fig. 2) At 1 month follow up, the wound was healed with no new symptoms. Parachordomas (or myoepitheliomas) are rare soft tissue tumors with approximately 100 cases reported,1 with Indian J Neurosurg 2019;8:145 146
Commercialization of eHealth innovations in the market of the UK healthcare sector: A framework for a sustainable business model
Year: 2018

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Festus Oluseyi Oderanti, and Feng Li, 'Commercialization of eHealth innovations in the market of the UK healthcare sector: A framework for a sustainable business model' Psychology Marketing, Vol. 35 (2) 120 137, February 2018, which has been published in final form at https:/doi.org/10.1002/mar.21074. Under embargo until 10 January 2020. This article may be used for non commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self Archiving.
Visualizing the Decision Making Process in a Face to Face Meeting
Venue: 2007 11th International Conference Information Visualization (IV '07)
Year: 2007

The decision making process is usually one of the most critical elements of any face to face meeting. Participants in a group meeting follow certain procedures and guidelines for facilitating the decision making process. These include such rules as turn taking, not interrupting the consultation, and keeping suggestions or ideas clear and concise. The ultimate objective of such meetings is to arrive at decisions in a timely manner by having a diversity of opinions from as many participants as possible. We postulate that by visualizing the group dynamics during a face to face meeting, administrators might be able to get a better handle on the strengths and weaknesses of the group's consultation process. The end result would be to improve the overall quality of meetings. We present a visualization tool that captures and reveals the ongoing social dynamics during the decision making process within a face to face and real time meeting. Our system captures the required data through a simple and easy to use interface and then visualizes the outcome of the meeting.
Does Corporate Governance Matter in Competitive Industries?
Year: 2007

By reducing the threat of a hostile takeover, business combination (BC) laws weaken corporate governance and increase the opportunity for managerial slack. Consistent with the notion that competition mitigates managerial slack, we find that while firms in non competitive industries experience a significant drop in operating performance after the laws' passage, firms in competitive industries experience no significant effect. When we examine which agency problem competition mitigates, we find evidence in support of a "quiet life" hypothesis. Input costs, wages, and overhead costs all increase after the laws' passage, and only so in non competitive industries. Similarly, when we conduct event studies around the dates of the first newspaper reports about the BC laws, we find that while firms in non competitive industries experience a significant stock price decline, firms in competitive industries experience a small and insignificant stock price impact.
Factors attracting banking investment into fintech start ups: Russian context
Year: 2017

One of the main problems for any start up is to find funds for the idea development, product/service creation and promoting it in the market (Binks Ennew, 1996) In Russia banks form the main demand for fintech products and services. However, there is a belief that Russian fintech ecosystem is not well developed. This research aims at exploring which barriers for fintech start up ecosystem development are present in Russia as well as necessary and sufficient conditions for a fintech start up to attract bank as an investor in the context of Russian experience. Qualitative interviews with experts of Russian financial industry, including representatives from banks, a regulatory institute, IT corporations (n=32) as well as quantitative survey of fintech start ups (n=37) provide data for this research. This study uses crisp set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (csQCA) to examine the presence of complex causality relationships between factors describing fintech start up and receiving investment from banks. Major findings of this research corroborate the belief that Russian fintech start up ecosystem is weakly developed. The one reason for that is the gap between what fintech start ups offer and what market actually needs. Necessary condition for receiving bank?s investments according to crisp set QCA is having a business plan. Other conditions this research explores are sufficient and include: having a core competence in market and consumer understanding, income source as a commission per transaction, payments related start up?s products or services, not aiming at owning the business while doing start up project and also readiness of the product or service. The sufficient conditions might be absent or present in certain configurations. Finally, in Russia banks finding start up offerings unsatisfactory choose not to invest in them or to create incubators but rather develop fintech internally. This research contributes to the literature on QCA (Ragin et al. 2006; Skaaning, 2007) as well as financial technologies (Shim Shin, 2016) and develops knowledge on fintech start ups in particular.
Concurrent Task Programming of Robotic Agents in TeleoR
Venue: RuleML+RR
Year: 2017

TeleoR is a major extension of Nilsson's Teleo Reactive (TR) rule based robotic agent programming language. Programs comprise sequences of guarded action rules grouped into parameterised procedures. The guards are deductive queries to a set of rapidly changing percept and other dynamic facts in the agent's Belief Store. The actions are either tuples of primitive actions for external robotic resources, to be executed in parallel, or a single call to a TeleoR procedure, which can be a recursive call. The guards form a sub goal tree routed at the guard of the first rule. When partially instantiated by the arguments of some call, this guard is the goal of the call. TeleoR extends TR in being typed and higher order, with extra forms of rules that allow finer control over sub goal achieving task behaviour. Its Belief Store inference language is a higher order logic+function rule language, QuLog. QuLog also has action rules and primitive actions for updating the Belief Store and sending messages. The action of a TeleoR rule may be a combination of the action of a TR rule and a sequence of QuLog actions. TeleoR's most important extension of TR is the concept of task atomic procedures, some arguments of which belong to a special but application specific resource type. This allows the high level programming of multitasking agents using multiple robotic resources. When two or more tasks need to use overlapping resources their use is alternated between task atomic calls in each task, in such a way that there is no interference, deadlock or task starvation. This multi task programming is illustrated by giving the essentials of a program for an agent controlling two robotic arms in multiple block tower assembly tasks. It has been used to control both a Python interactive graphical simulation and a Baxter robot building real block towers, in each case with help or hindrance from a human. The arms move in parallel whenever it can be done without risk of clashing.
Seasonal morphological variability in an in situ Cyanobacteria monoculture: example from a persistent Cylindrospermopsis bloom in Lake Catemaco, Veracruz, Mexico
Year: 2016

The phrase cyanobacteria bloom implies a transient condition in which one to few species dominates communities. In this paper we describe a condition in which the bloom is of multi year duration consisting of different morphologies of a single cyanobacteria species. Lake Catemaco, Veracruz, Mexico maintained a year round massive (10 8 trichomes L 1 population of potentially toxin producing cyanobacteria, Cylindrospermopsis spp. The trichomes are present as straight and coiled morphotypes. The relative trichome morphology abundance varied with rainy (June October) and dry seasons (November May) but total trichome abundance did not vary. Coiled trichomes and heterocytes (occurring only on coiled trichomes) were significantly more abundant, both absolutely and relatively, during the dry season. Both coiled trichome and heterocyte mean volumes were significantly smaller during the rainy season than during the dry season. Biovolumes were largest in January when water temperature was 5o C cooler suggesting buoyancy as a morphology determining factor. However, with a more than three fold lower TIN concentration during the dry season, we hypothesized that the coiled morphotype became abundant primarily because it formed heterocytes, which the straight morphotype did not. Spatial trichome and heterocyte abundance differences were small among the 15 lake sites (average CV for all dates 20% However, there was a pattern of increased heterocyte and coiled trichome abundance from lake inflow, as a nitrogen source, to outflow during the rainy season. The total volume of heterocytes per litre of lake water increased progressively four fold from a minimum early in the rainy season to a maximum at the end of the dry season. Morphological diversity, as seen in Lake Catemaco, can partially compensate for the lack of species diversity in determination of community structure.
Re finding the 'human side' of human factors in nursing: helping student nurses to combine person centred care with the rigours of patient safety.
Venue: Nurse education today
Year: 2014

In this paper the authors explore the centrality of both patient safety and person centred care when preparing student nurses for their role. By examining these two goals against the understanding of human factors, the concept of risk and the interpersonal elements of patient centred, compassionate care, the authors identify the challenges that nurse educators must recognise in preparing the nurses of the future who must achieve both. The authors introduce the notion of human factors and their role in promoting safe environments. Thereafter the authors explore the development of the student nurse in coming to understand that optimal patient care must primarily be safe but must also have the wishes of individual patients at its core. Finally the authors raise the challenge for nurse educators of supporting students' growing understanding of safety, risk and how these must be balanced with individual needs and wishes.
The response of boreal peatland community composition and NDVI to hydrologic change, warming, and elevated carbon dioxide
Venue: Global change biology
Year: 2019

Widespread changes in arctic and boreal Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values captured by satellite platforms indicate that northern ecosystems are experiencing rapid ecological change in response to climate warming. Increasing temperatures and altered hydrology are driving shifts in ecosystem biophysical properties that, observed by satellites, manifest as long term changes in regional NDVI. In an effort to examine the underlying ecological drivers of these changes, we used field scale remote sensing of NDVI to track peatland vegetation in experiments that manipulated hydrology, temperature, and carbon dioxide (CO2 levels. In addition to NDVI, we measured percent cover by species and leaf area index (LAI) We monitored two peatland types broadly representative of the boreal region. One site was a rich fen located near Fairbanks, Alaska, at the Alaska Peatland Experiment (APEX) and the second site was a nutrient poor bog located in Northern Minnesota within the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Changing Environments (SPRUCE) experiment. We found that NDVI decreased with long term reductions in soil moisture at the APEX site, coincident with a decrease in photosynthetic leaf area and the relative abundance of sedges. We observed increasing NDVI with elevated temperature at the SPRUCE site, associated with an increase in the relative abundance of shrubs and a decrease in forb cover. Warming treatments at the SPRUCE site also led to increases in the LAI of the shrub layer. We found no strong effects of elevated CO2 on community composition. Our findings support recent studies suggesting that changes in NDVI observed from satellite platforms may be the result of changes in community composition and ecosystem structure in response to climate warming.
Combining argumentation and aspect based opinion mining: The SMACk system
Venue: AI Commun.
Year: 2018

The extraction of the relevant and debated opinions from online social media and commercial websites is an emerging task in the opinion mining research field. Its growing relevance is mainly due to the impact of exploiting such techniques in different application domains from social science analysis to personal advertising. In this paper, we present SMACk, our opinion summary system built on top of an argumentation framework with the aim to exchange, communicate and resolve possibly conflicting viewpoints. SMACk allows the user to extract debated opinions from a set of documents containing user generated content from online commercial websites, and to automatically identify the mostly debated positive aspects of the issue of the debate, as well as the mostly debated negative ones. The key advantage of such a framework is the combination of different methods, i.e. formal argumentation theory and natural language processing, to support users in making more informed decisions, e.g. in the context of online purchases.
The Biological Basis of Mathematical Beauty
Venue: Front. Hum. Neurosci.
Year: 2018

Our past studies have led us to divide sensory experiences, including aesthetic ones derived from sensory sources, into two broad categories: biological and artifactual. The aesthetic experience of biological beauty is dictated by inherited brain concepts, which are resistant to change even in spite of extensive experience. The experience of artifactual beauty on the other hand is determined by post natally acquired concepts, which are modifiable throughout life by exposure to different experiences (Zeki, 2009; Zeki and Chen, 2016) Hence, in terms of aesthetic rating, biological beauty (in which we include the experience of beautiful faces or human bodies) is characterized by less variability between individuals belonging to different ethnic origins and cultural backgrounds or the same individual at different times. Artifactual beauty (in which we include the aesthetic experience of human artifacts, such as buildings and cars) is characterized by greater variability between individuals belonging to different ethnic and cultural groupings and by the same individual at different times. In this paper, we present results to show that the experience of mathematical beauty (Zeki et al. 2014) even though it constitutes an extreme example of beauty that is dependent upon (mathematical) culture and learning, is consistent with one of the characteristics of the biological categories, namely a lesser variability in terms of the aesthetic ratings given to mathematical formulae experienced as beautiful.
Identification and Characterization of Novel Rat Polyomavirus 2 in a Colony of X SCID Rats by P PIT assay
Venue: mSphere
Year: 2016

Although P PIT was developed to detect diseases associated with known human polyomaviruses, the identification of a new polyomavirus in rats suggests that it may have utility as a broad based screen for new, as well as known polyomaviruses. Our findings suggest that RatPyV2 may be a commensal infection of laboratory rats that can lead to disseminated disease in T cell immune deficient rats. Infection of the X SCID rats with RatPyV2 and Pneumocystis carinii is a potential model for coinfection pathogenesis and treatment options during transplant preclinical studies.  Polyomaviruses (PyVs) are known to infect a wide range of vertebrates and invertebrates and are associated with a broad spectrum of diseases, including cancers, particularly in immune suppressed hosts. A novel polyomavirus, designated rat polyomavirus 2 (RatPyV2) was identified from a breeding colony of rats having X linked severe combined immunodeficiency. Using a human panpolyomavirus immunohistochemistry test (P PIT) RatPyV2 was initially detected in the parotid salivary gland of a colony member. Rolling circle amplification using DNA from harderian and parotid glands identified a novel 5.1 kb polyomavirus genome closely related to human Washington University (WU) and Karolinska Institute (KI) and vole polyomaviruses but notably divergent from Rattus norvegicus PyV1 (RnorPyV1; also designated RatPyV1) Further screening showed RatPyV2 inclusion body infection in the lung epithelium and variably in other respiratory, reproductive, and glandular tissues of 12/12 (100% rats.  Although P PIT was developed to detect diseases associated with known human polyomaviruses, the identification of a new polyomavirus in rats suggests that it may have utility as a broad based screen for new, as well as known polyomaviruses. Our findings suggest that RatPyV2 may be a commensal infection of laboratory rats that can lead to disseminated disease in T cell immune deficient rats. Infection of the X SCID rats with RatPyV2 and Pneumocystis carinii is a potential model for coinfection pathogenesis and treatment options during transplant preclinical studies.
Improving Keyphrase Extraction Using LL Ranking
Venue: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing IV
Year: 2019

Keyphrases provide a concise representation of the main content of a document and can be effectively used within information retrieval systems. In the paper, we deal with the keyphrase extraction problem when a given number of keyphrases for a text should be extracted. The research is focused on the keyphrase candidates ranking stage. In the domain, the question remains open of whether the keyphrase extraction quality can be improved by putting limits on the number of phrases of different lengths extracted during candidate ranking. We assume that the quality of resulting keyphrases can be enhanced if we introduce \underline{L})imitations on the number of phrases of specific \underline{L})engths in the resulting set (LL ranking strategy) The experiments are performed on the well known INSPEC dataset of scientific abstracts. The obtained results show that the proposed limitations help to significantly increase the quality of extracted keyphrases in terms of Precision and F1.
The Impact of Land Rent Seeking and Dissipation During Institutional Transition on China's Urbanization
Year: 2017

Rapid industrialization and urbanization have ushered in drastic urban change in China since the 1980s. Along with the reform in land use rights, emerging land rent is contested vigorously between the urban developmental state and the rural collective/urban danwei with socialist land use rights in the context of institutional transition. The contests have entailed land rent seeking and dissipation and, consequently, impacted fundamentally on the newly built urban spatial structures, manifested by the suburban sprawl in the less dynamic regions, peri urban fragmented land uses, and overcompaction of the central cities in the dynamic municipalities. The newly created landed interests based upon new institution of land leasing are embedded intricately within the urban spatial structure, which will generate "unearned rent increment" and "inflicted rent reduction" in the course of constant progressive urban change. Failure in addressing these two issues and equity between the two will stall continuous urbanization while rural urban migration is still proceeding.
ComMA@FIRE 2020: Exploring Multilingual Joint Training across different Classification Tasks
Venue: FIRE
Year: 2020

In this paper, we give a description of the systems submitted to the three tracks of FIRE 2020 Hate Speech and Offensive Content Identification in Indo European Languages (HASOC) Sentiment Analysis of Dravidian Languages in Code Mixed Text and Event Detection from News in Indian Languages (EDNIL) While the first two tasks were binary and multi class text classification problems, EDNIL was a sequence classification problem. For all the three tracks, we jointly fine tuned mBERT, DistilBERT, RoBERTa and XLM R using the dataset from all the languages for the given task.