nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The use of faecal microbiota transplant as treatment for recurrent or refractory Clostridium difficile infection and other potential indications: joint British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and Healthcare Infection Society (HIS) guidelines.
Venue: The Journal of hospital infection
Year: 2018

A, Bhala, N, Iqbal, TH, Settle, C, Kontkowski, G, Hart, AL, Hawkey, P, Goldenberg, SD Williams, HRT 2018, 'The use of faecal microbiota transplant as treatment for recurrent or refractory Clostridium difficile infection and other potential indications: joint British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and Healthcare Infection Society (HIS) guidelines' Gut.
Deep Uncertainty Quantification: A Machine Learning Approach for Weather Forecasting
Venue: KDD
Year: 2019

Weather forecasting is usually solved through numerical weather prediction (NWP) which can sometimes lead to unsatisfactory performance due to inappropriate setting of the initial states. In this paper, we design a data driven method augmented by an effective information fusion mechanism to learn from historical data that incorporates prior knowledge from NWP. We cast the weather forecasting problem as an end to end deep learning problem and solve it by proposing a novel negative log likelihood error (NLE) loss function. A notable advantage of our proposed method is that it simultaneously implements single value forecasting and uncertainty quantification, which we refer to as deep uncertainty quantification (DUQ) Efficient deep ensemble strategies are also explored to further improve performance. This new approach was evaluated on a public dataset collected from weather stations in Beijing, China. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed NLE loss significantly improves generalization compared to mean squared error (MSE) loss and mean absolute error (MAE) loss. Compared with NWP, this approach significantly improves accuracy by 47.76% which is a state of the art result on this benchmark dataset.
Circular design: reused materials and the future reuse of building elements in architecture. Process, challenges and case studies
Venue: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Year: 2019

The design process in which existing materials are reused or which aims to enable future reuse of building elements differs significantly from a standard design trajectory. Working with construction waste requires material tests, assessments, and consultations as well as defining available waste sources. Designing for future reuse demands extended research on the layers of buildings, properties of materials, dismountable joints, maintenance techniques, and reuse scenarios. This results in a longer introductory phase and often in a higher cost of the project. Circular design also faces other challenges, which concern environmental (e.g. recycling potential) social (e.g. social perception of reused materials) infrastructural (e.g. lack of processing plants) and legal issues (e.g. non flexible construction law) These aspects often influence already technically complicated design process. However, there are projects in which reused materials were successfully implemented. Buildings designed for future reuse of their elements are also being built. In this paper selected case studies from Germany, the Netherlands, Poland and Denmark present how different types of construction waste (incl. waste from concrete, brick, wooden, metal, plastic and glass elements) can be reused in architecture. Moreover, this article analyses the circular design process, related challenges and investigates the emerging role of the architect.
The Society for Epidemiologic Research (SER) and the Future of Diversity and Inclusion in Epidemiology1.
Venue: American journal of epidemiology
Year: 2020

The mission of the Diversity and Inclusion Committee (D&I) in the Society for Epidemiologic Research is to foster the diversity of our membership and work towards the engagement of all members, from diverse backgrounds at all stages of their careers, in the Society's activities, with the intent of enhancing discovery in public health. As a foundational step in implementing our mission, the D&I committee conducted a survey of SER membership. In our commentary, we report on the efforts we have undertaken to expand the diversity and inclusiveness of our Society and our aspirations for future efforts in support of D&I. Early on, we established the SERvisits program to conduct outreach to institutions and students that have historically been under represented at SER; we hope this program continues to grow in its reach and impact. We have also taken steps to increase the inclusiveness of SER activities, for example, by engaging members on issues of D&I through symposia and workshops at SER annual meetings and through social media. DeVilbiss et al.'s results demonstrate that there is substantial room for improvement with regards to diversity and inclusion within SER. We invite SER members to become involved and collaborate on this long term goal.
Biomimicry as an approach for bio inspired structure with the aid of computation
Year: 2016

Biomimicry is the study of emulating and mimicking nature, where it has been used by designers to help in solving human problems. From centuries ago designers and architects looked at nature as a huge source of inspiration. Biomimicry argues that nature is the best, most influencing and the guaranteed source of innovation for the designers as a result of nature's 3.85 billion years of evolution, as it holds a gigantic experience of solving problems of the environment and its inhabitants. The biomimicry emerging field deals with new technologies honed from bio inspired engineering at the micro and macro scale levels. Architects have been searching for answers from nature to their complex questions about different kinds of structures, and they have mimicked a lot of forms from nature to create better and more efficient structures for different architectural purposes. Without computers these complex ways and forms of structures couldn't been mimicked and thus using computers had risen the way of mimicking and taking inspiration from nature because it is considered a very sophisticated and accurate tool for simulation and computing, as a result designers can imitate different nature's models in spite of its complexity.
Alteration of Depressive like Behaviors by Psilocybe cubensis Alkaloid Extract in Mice: the Role of Glutamate Pathway
Year: 2018

Considering the increasing prevalence of depression, many studies are launched to investigate new antidepressant treatments. The present research has shown how psilocybin as an active compound of Psilocybe cubensis (Earle) Singer extract (PCE) can change the parameters related to depression and anxiety in animal models. Both serotonin (5 hydroxytryptamine: 5 HT) and glutamate modulate depressive like behaviors and, therefore, we examined the possible interaction of psilocybin as 5 HT1 agonist with glutamate receptor N methyl D aspartate (NMDA)  Psilocybe cubensis extract of this mushroom was prepared by ethyl acetate. NMRI mice involved in all experiments and were treated with the vehicle, extract, or standard drug intraperitoneally. Open field (OFT) forced swimming (FST) and tail suspension tests (TST) were applied to measure the intended parameters. OFT was performed to verify the applied doses for measuring the following antidepressant activity.  PCE at the doses of 100 mg/kg significantly changed the locomotion, time spent in center and velocity of the animals in OFT. While treatment of the animals with PCE 10 and 40 mg/kg or ketamine 1 mg/kg did not alter the locomotor activity, co administration of these subeffective amounts significantly reduced the immobility time in both FST and TST.  These effects may indicate possible implication of psilocybin with NMDA receptor which consequently produces the antidepressant effects.
Brain tumor detection and classification: A framework of marker based watershed algorithm and multilevel priority features selection
Venue: Microscopy research and technique
Year: 2019

Brain tumor identification using magnetic resonance images (MRI) is an important research domain in the field of medical imaging. Use of computerized techniques helps the doctors for the diagnosis and treatment against brain cancer. In this article, an automated system is developed for tumor extraction and classification from MRI. It is based on marker based watershed segmentation and features selection. Five primary steps are involved in the proposed system including tumor contrast, tumor extraction, multimodel features extraction, features selection, and classification. A gamma contrast stretching approach is implemented to improve the contrast of a tumor. Then, segmentation is done using marker based watershed algorithm. Shape, texture, and point features are extracted in the next step and high ranked 70% features are only selected through chi square max conditional priority features approach. In the later step, selected features are fused using a serial based concatenation method before classifying using support vector machine. All the experiments are performed on three data sets including Harvard,  2013, and privately collected MR images data set. Simulation results clearly reveal that the proposed system outperforms existing methods with greater precision and accuracy.
Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm Based on Multi dimensional Greedy Search
Year: 2014

Artificial Bee Colony(ABC)algorithm can be efficiently employed to solve the multimodal and high dimensional function optimization problem. However,low search speed and premature convergence frequently appear with more complex problem. In order to improve the algorithm performance,this paper proposes a new artifciall bee colony algorithm. It introduces a search equation based on multi dimensional greedy search to enhance local search and avoid the solution to be abandoned which achieves optimum value in some dimensions but reach the maximum update limit. New algorithm also adds a disturbance mechanism to avoid obtaining partial optimal solutions when premature convergence in a few dimensions. Experimental results show the new algorithm can balance the exploitation and exploration,has more fast convergence speed and better computational precision in solving the multimodal and high dimensional function optimization problem.
Specific Investment, Supplier Vulnerability and Profit Risks
Year: 2020

We investigate, theoretically and empirically, the impact of relationship specific investment on suppliers' profitability and profit risks. In addition to the familiar holdup problem, we explore another facet of specific investment that has received little attention in the literature, namely suppliers' vulnerability to customer risks. In a theoretical model, we demonstrate that the supplier vulnerability problem implies a negative relationship between the degree of specificity and the expected profit of a supplier, and a positive relationship between the degree of specificity and volatility of the supplier's profit. Using panel data on over 5,000 US firms from 1990 to 2010, our empirical analysis shows the prevalence of the supplier vulnerability problem.
Immunoregulatory function of HLA G in gastric cancer.
Venue: Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention APJCP
Year: 2013

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) G positive gastric cancers are associated with poor survival, but links with tumor escape mechanisms remain to be determined.  We used immunohistochemistry to investigate HLA G expression, tumor infiltrating CD8+ T lymphocytes, and Treg cells in 52 gastric cancer patients.  There were 29 cancer related deaths during the follow up period. Kaplan Meier analysis indicated that patients with HLA G positive (n=16) primary tumors had a significantly poorer prognosis than patients with HLA G negative tumors (n=36, p=0.008) The median survival time was 14 months and 47 months, respectively. Patients with high numbers of Tregs and low numbers of CD8+T lymphocytes in the primary tumor had a poorer prognosis than those with low numbers of Tregs and high numbers of CD8+T lymphocytes (p=0.034, p=0.043) Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that HLA G expression (hazard ratio: 2.662; 95% confidence interval: 1.242 5.723; p=0.012) and stage (hazard ratio: 2.012;95% confidence interval: 1.112 3.715; p=0.041) were independent unfavorable factors for patient survival.  We found a significant positive correlation between HLA G expression and the number of tumor infiltrating Tregs (p=0.01) and a negative correlation with the number of CD8+T lymphocytes (p=0.041) HLA G may protect gastric cancer cells from cytolysis by inducing Foxp3+Treg lymphocytes and suppressing CD8+T lymphocytes.
Untangling International Sport Social Media Use: Contrasting U.S. and Chinese Uses and Gratifications Across Four Platforms
Year: 2019

This study of 409 sports fans from the United States and China contrasts uses sought and gratifications obtained within four different social media platforms: Facebook and Twitter (in the United States) and WeChat and Weibo (in China) Results indicated that each of the platforms function in starkly contrasting manners. In the United States, Facebook scored higher than Twitter on every motivational measure; in China, WeChat was found to be better at fostering camaraderie, entertainment, habitual use, and maintaining relationships, while Weibo was found to be better for arousal. Moreover, Chinese respondents reported higher gratifications obtained than American respondent on all 12 factors. Implications are offered for uses and gratifications research as well as sports media scholarship.
The influence of parental styles on children's consumption
Year: 2013

This study aims to examine parental styles based on levels of nurturing and authoritarianism to determine mothers awareness of children s media exposure, likelihood of setting media and consumption limits and communications with children about commercial messages.  The research design included a survey aimed at mothers of children ages four eight. The researchers collected demographic, behavioral and consumption information regarding the mother s youngest child.  The results suggest that nurturing mothers are more aware of advertising aimed at children and talk more to children regarding advertising and consumption than authoritarian mothers. Mothers who are nurturing and not authoritarian are more likely to yield to requests and favor more regulation than other parents.  The research is based on a convenience sample of mothers who were willing to provide confidential personal information about their children. Practi.
A multi objective discrete cuckoo search algorithm with local search for community detection in complex networks
Year: 2016

Detecting community is a challenging task in analyzing networks. Solving community detection problem by evolutionary algorithm is a heated topic in recent years. In this paper, a multi objective discrete cuckoo search algorithm with local search (MDCL) for community detection is proposed. To the best of our knowledge, it is first time to apply cuckoo search algorithm for community detection. Two objective functions termed as negative ratio association and ratio cut are to be minimized. These two functions can break through the modularity limitation. In the proposed algorithm, the nest location updating strategy and abandon operator of cuckoo are redefined in discrete form. A local search strategy and a clone operator are proposed to obtain the optimal initial population. The experimental results on synthetic and real world networks show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than other algorithms and can discover the higher quality community structure without prior information.
Birdsong decreases protein levels of FoxP2, a molecule required for human speech.
Venue: Journal of neurophysiology
Year: 2008

Cognitive and motor deficits associated with language and speech are seen in humans harboring FOXP2 mutations. The neural bases for FOXP2 mutation related deficits are thought to reside in structural abnormalities distributed across systems important for language and motor learning including the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum. In these brain regions, our prior research showed that FoxP2 mRNA expression patterns are strikingly similar between developing humans and songbirds. Within the songbird brain, this pattern persists throughout life and includes the striatal subregion, Area X, that is dedicated to song development and maintenance. The persistent mRNA expression suggests a role for FoxP2 that extends beyond the formation of vocal learning circuits to their ongoing use. Because FoxP2 is a transcription factor, a role in shaping circuits likely depends on FoxP2 protein levels which might not always parallel mRNA levels. Indeed our current study shows that FoxP2 protein, like its mRNA, is acutely downregulated in mature Area X when adult males sing with some differences. Total corticosterone levels associated with the different behavioral contexts did not vary, indicating that differences in FoxP2 levels are not likely attributable to stress. Our data, together with recent reports on FoxP2's target genes, suggest that lowered FoxP2 levels may allow for expression of genes important for circuit modification and thus vocal variability.
More sustainable approaches for the synthesis of N based heterocycles.
Venue: Chemical reviews
Year: 2009

Centro de Quimica Fisica Molecular (CQFM) and Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology (IN) Departamento de Engenharia Quimica e Biologica, Instituto Superior Tecnico, 1049 001 Lisboa, Portugal, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Quimica, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa,  Portugal, and iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmacia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649 003 Lisboa, Portugal
Intelligent facial emotion recognition and semantic based topic detection for a humanoid robot
Venue: Expert Syst. Appl.
Year: 2013

Automatic perception of human affective behaviour from facial expressions and recognition of intentions and social goals from dialogue contexts would greatly enhance natural human robot interaction. This research concentrates on intelligent neural network based facial emotion recognition and Latent Semantic Analysis based topic detection for a humanoid robot. The work has first of all incorporated Facial Action Coding System describing physical cues and anatomical knowledge of facial behaviour for the detection of neutral and six basic emotions from real time posed facial expressions. Feedforward neural networks (NN) are used to respectively implement both upper and lower facial Action Units (AU) analysers to recognise six upper and 11 lower facial actions including Inner and Outer Brow Raiser, Lid Tightener, Lip Corner Puller, Upper Lip Raiser, Nose Wrinkler, Mouth Stretch etc. An artificial neural network based facial emotion recogniser is subsequently used to accept the derived 17 Action Units as inputs to decode neutral and six basic emotions from facial expressions. Moreover, in order to advise the robot to make appropriate responses based on the detected affective facial behaviours, Latent Semantic Analysis is used to focus on underlying semantic structures of the data and go beyond linguistic restrictions to identify topics embedded in the users' conversations. The overall development is integrated with a modern humanoid robot platform under its Linux C+ SDKs. The work presented here shows great potential in developing personalised intelligent agents/robots with emotion and social intelligence.
Pay for Play: The Financial Value of NCAA Football Players
Year: 2016

We explore the financial value of NCAA football recruits and establish a wage schedule based on the star ratings assigned to high school athletes by an independent talent evaluation agency. Evidence suggests that the contribution of higher ranking recruits to team wins significantly increases revenues. While the NCAA currently prohibits universities from paying student athletes, we estimate that if amateurism rules were rescinded and college football players were compensated according to their revenue generating abilities then five four three and low star players would be entitled to annual salaries of $799,000, $361,000, $29,000, and $21,000, respectively, in addition to athletic scholarships covering tuition, books, and room and board.
Current incidence and outcome of the acute respiratory distress syndrome
Venue: Current opinion in critical care
Year: 2016

This article discusses recently published articles reporting the incidence and outcome of patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) This is a difficult task since there is a marked variability regarding the methodology of the few, large epidemiological, and observational studies on ARDS.  The review will mainly focus on publications from the past 18 months. We have reviewed new epidemiological studies reporting population based incidence of ARDS. Also, we have reviewed the data on survival reported in observational and randomized controlled trials, discussed how the current ARDS definition modifies the true incidence of ARDS, and briefly mentioned recent approaches that appear to improve ARDS outcome.  On the basis of current evidence, it seems that the incidence and overall hospital mortality of ARDS has not changed substantially in the last decade. Independent of the definition used for identification of ARDS patients, reported population based incidence of ARDS is an order of magnitude lower in Europe than in the USA. Current hospital mortality of combined moderate and severe ARDS reported in observational studies is greater than 40%
Strategi Pelaku Usaha Informal Offline dan Online Menghadapi Pandemi Covid 19 di Kota Palembang
Year: 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengekplorasi strategi pelaku usaha informal offline dan online menghadapi Covid 19 dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan di Kota Palembang dengan menggunakan 12 informan. Informan dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria, 1) merupakan pelaku usaha informal offline dan online; 2) telah menjalankan usaha minimal 1 tahun; dan 3) berdomisili di Kota Palembang. Setelah itu, data dianalisis menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi tiga tahap, yaitu: reduction, display dan conclusion. Teknik keabsahan data menggunakan derajat credibilty dengan teknik triangulasi (sumber dan waktu) diskusi teman sejawat, perpanjangan pengamatan dan peningkatan ketekunan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi yang dilakukan oleh pelaku usaha offline dan online menghadapi pandemi Covid 19, antara lain: 1) Mengurangi/menambah jumlah pekerja; 2) Melakukan pekerjaan sampingan; 3) Mengurangi/menambah jam kerja; 4) Manajemen pengeluaran; 5) Melakukan pinjaman; 6) Manajemen kesehatan; 7) Meningkatkan strategi pemasaran. Rekomendasi dari hasil penelitian ini adalah pelaku usaha informal perlu melakukan transformasi usaha secara online dan melakukan promosi serta pelayanan usaha yang inovatif dan sesuai dengan protokol kesehatan.  Usaha Informal, O ffline O nline Covid 19