nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION DENGAN PROBLEM BASE LEARNING TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SOSIOLOGI DITINJAU DARI MINAT BELAJAR
Year: 2016

Difference of Effect between the Application of the Cooperative Learning Model of the Students Team Achievement Division (STAD) Type compared with the Problem Based Learning (PBL) on the Learning Achievement in Sociology Learning Viewed from Learning Interest (A Research on the Students in Grade XI of Semester 2 of State Senior Secondary School 5 of Surakarta in Academic Year 2014/2015) Thesis: The Graduate Program in Educational Technology, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, October 2015. The objectives of this research are to investigate: (1) the difference of effect between the application of the cooperative learning model of the STAD type and that of the PBL on the learning achievement in Sociology; (2) the difference of effect between the high learning interest and the low learning interest on the learning achievement in Sociology; and (3) the interaction of effect between the learning models and the learning interests on the students' learning achievement in Sociology. This research used the experimental method. Its population was the students as many as 9 classes in Grade XI of State Senior Secondary School 5 of Surakarta in Academic Year 2014/2015. The samples of research were taken by using the purposive sampling technique and consisted of 62 students. The class exposed to the cooperative learning model of the STAD type was Class XI IPS 1 consisting of 31 students while the class exposed to the PBL was Class XI IPS 3 consisting of 31 students. There were three variables in the research, namely: independent variable, attribute independent variable, and dependent variable. The independent variable included the cooperative learning model of the STAD type and the PBL. The attribute independent variable included the high and low learning interests. The dependent variable included the learning achievement in Sociology. The data of research were collected through test and questionnaire. They were processed by using the two path analysis of variance of 2x2. The results of research show that (1) there is a difference of effect between the application of the cooperative learning model of the STAD type and that of the PBL on the learning achievement in Sociology as indicated by the value of Fobs 19.893 that of Ftable 4.00; (2) there is a difference of effect between the high learning interest and the low learning interest on the learning achievement in Sociology as shown by the value of Fobs 6.505 that of Ftable 4.00; and (3) there is an interaction of effect between the learning models and the learning interests on the learning achievement in Sociology of the students in Grade XI of State Senior Secondary School 5 of Surakarta as signified by the value of Fobs 6.526 that of Ftable 4.00.  Cooperative learning, STAD PBL, learning interest, learning achievement
Developing a Model of Disciplinary Literacy Instruction for K 12 Engineering Education: Comparing the Literacy Practices of Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (Fundamental)
Year: 2019

One literacy based approach that has been shown to provide effective instruction for K 12 students generally, and students from underrepresented groups specifically, is Disciplinary Literacy Instruction (DLI) DLI utilizes knowledge of the ways advanced practitioners read, interpret, and generate discipline specific content in their professional environment to apprentice students in that field. Models of DLI teach students how to use the literacy practices, including disciplinary specific text genres, interpretive and evaluative frameworks, and socially situated activities, that are commonly employed by experts in a discipline [2] In other disciplines   DLI models have been shown to aid teachers in making high quality, discipline specific content accessible to all students, including those from groups (i.e. racial and ethnic minorities and women) that, historically, have been underrepresented in STEM fields. This paper describes findings from comparative case study research that seeks to identify literacy practices that are used by expert engineers across a range of engineering disciplines. These literacy practices will be used to inform the development of a general model of DLI in engineering that can be employed by teachers to support K 12 and undergraduate engineering education.
Genetic Engineering of Algae for Enhanced Biofuel Production
Venue: Eukaryotic Cell
Year: 2010

There are currently intensive global research efforts aimed at increasing and modifying the accumulation of lipids, alcohols, hydrocarbons, polysaccharides, and other energy storage compounds in photosynthetic organisms, yeast, and bacteria through genetic engineering. Many improvements have been realized, including increased lipid and carbohydrate production, improved H2 yields, and the diversion of central metabolic intermediates into fungible biofuels. Photosynthetic microorganisms are attracting considerable interest within these efforts due to their relatively high photosynthetic conversion efficiencies, diverse metabolic capabilities, superior growth rates, and ability to store or secrete energy rich hydrocarbons. Relative to cyanobacteria, eukaryotic microalgae possess several unique metabolic attributes of relevance to biofuel production, including the accumulation of significant quantities of triacylglycerol; the synthesis of storage starch (amylopectin and amylose) which is similar to that found in higher plants; and the ability to efficiently couple photosynthetic electron transport to H2 production. Although the application of genetic engineering to improve energy production phenotypes in eukaryotic microalgae is in its infancy, significant advances in the development of genetic manipulation tools have recently been achieved with microalgal model systems and are being used to manipulate central carbon metabolism in these organisms. It is likely that many of these advances can be extended to industrially relevant organisms. This review is focused on potential avenues of genetic engineering that may be undertaken in order to improve microalgae as a biofuel platform for the production of biohydrogen, starch derived alcohols, diesel fuel surrogates, and/or alkanes.
MIMIC IF: Interpretability and Fairness Evaluation of Deep Learning Models on MIMIC IV Dataset
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2021

The recent release of large scale healthcare datasets has greatly propelled the research of data driven deep learning models for healthcare applications. However, due to the nature of such deep black boxed models, concerns about interpretability, fairness, and biases in healthcare scenarios where human lives are at stake call for a careful and thorough examinations of both datasets and models. In this work, we focus on MIMIC IV (Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care, version IV) the largest publicly available healthcare dataset, and conduct comprehensive analyses of dataset representation bias as well as interpretability and prediction fairness of deep learning models for in hospital mortality prediction. In terms of interpretabilty, we observe that (1) the best performing interpretability method successfully identifies critical features for mortality prediction on various prediction models; (2) demographic features are important for prediction. In terms of fairness, we observe that (1) there exists disparate treatment in prescribing mechanical ventilation among patient groups across ethnicity, gender and age; (2) all of the studied mortality predictors are generally fair while the IMV LSTM (Interpretable Multi Variable Long Short Term Memory) model provides the most accurate and unbiased predictions across all protected groups. We further draw concrete connections between interpretability methods and fairness metrics by showing how feature importance from interpretability methods can be beneficial in quantifying potential disparities in mortality predictors.
Modelling of Medium Term (Decadal) Coastal Foredune Morphodynamics Historical Hindcast and Future Scenarios of the Swina Gate Barrier Coast (Southern Baltic Sea)
Year: 2017

Coastal foredunes are developed as a result of interplay among multi scale land sea processes. Natural foredune ridges along the Swina Gate barrier coast (southern Baltic Sea) developed since 6000 cal. year BP provide an excellent laboratory to study the land sea interaction under a medium to long term climatic control. In this paper we investigate several basic driving mechanisms of coastal foredune morphodynamics as well as natural environmental factors involved in shaping the foredune geometry by a numerical model. The model couples a process based module for subaqueous sediment transport and a probabilistic type module for subaerial aeolian sand transport and vegetation growth. After an evaluation of the model performance for a 61 year (1951 2012 AD) historical hindcast of the foredune development along a 1 km long section of the Swina Gate barrier coast, the model is applied for a future projection of the same area to 2050 AD based on three different climate change scenarios. The climate change scenarios represent three different impact levels with regard to their capacity to shape the coastal morphology. Simulation results demonstrate a remarkable variability in foredune development even along a small (1 km) coast section, implying that the medium term land sea interaction and foredune morphodynamics is quite sensitive to boundary conditions and various processes acting on multi temporal and spatial scales. Foredune morphodynamics such as migration, bifurcation, destruction and separation are determined by different combinations of storm frequency, onshore sediment supply rate and relative sea level change. In contrast to a low rate of relative sea level rise during the last few decades, an accelerated sea level rise over the twenty first century predicted by existing literature, would result in a dramatic and non linear response from the foredune development according to our simulations.
Phosphorus recovery from wastewater: needs, technologies and costs.
Venue: Water science and technology a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
Year: 2009

Phosphorus is an essential, yet limited resource, which cannot be replaced by any other element. This is why there are increasing efforts to recycle phosphorus contained in wastewater. It involves the recovery of phosphorus and, normally, the separation of phosphates from harmful substances. Phosphorus can be recovered from wastewater, sewage sludge, as well as from the ash of incinerated sewage sludge, and can be combined with phosphorus removal in most cases. The phosphorus recovery rate from the liquid phase can reach 40 to 50% at the most, while recovery rates from sewage sludge and sewage sludge ash can reach up to 90% There are various methods which can be applied for phosphorus recovery. Up to now, there is limited experience in industrial scale implementation. The costs for recovered phosphate exceed the costs for phosphate from rock phosphate by several times. For German conditions, the specific additional costs of wastewater treatment by integrating phosphorus recovery can be estimated at euro2 6 per capita and year.
Blinded by the light? Circadian partitioning of migratory flights in a nightjar species
Venue: Journal of Ornithology
Year: 2019

AbstractCircadian migration patterns for most migratory birds can be partitioned into day and night flights, but can be flexible at barrier crossings. Whether obligate nocturnal species opportunely use some daylight during migration has not been previously investigated. We tested the night constraint hypothesis using autumn Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking of a migratory nightjar species (Eastern Whip poor will, Antrostomus vociferus) and found that a minimum of 89% of travel occurred in darkness. All seven GPS tracked individuals avoided crossing the Gulf of Mexico, which would have required some daytime flight. Future research should investigate the mechanisms and implications of light restrictions on the migratory movements of nocturnal species.ZusammenfassungGeblendet durch Licht? Circadiane Aufteilung von Zugflugen bei einer Nachtschwalbe Circadiane Zugmuster der meisten Zugvogel konnen in Tag bzw. Nachtfluge aufgeteilt sein, aber auch flexibel beim Zug uber okologische Barrieren. Ob obligat nachts aktive Arten gelegentlich auch bei Tag ziehen, wurde bisher nicht untersucht. Wir pruften dies bei der ziehenden Schwarzkehl Nachtschwalbe (Antrostomus vociferus) mittels GPS Verfolgung. Im Minimum 89% der Zugfluge erfolgten nachts. Alle sieben untersuchten Vogel vermieden die Uberquerung des Golfes von Mexiko, da sie dafur auch bei Tag hatten fliegen mussen. Zukunftige Arbeiten sollten die Mechanismen und Folgen der Einschrankung durch Licht auf das Zugverhalten von nachtlichen Arten untersuchen.
Provenance of the organic debris clouds on jupiter due to the impact of comet shoemaker levy 9
Venue: Origins of life and evolution of the biosphere
Year: 2006

Cometary impact has been often proposed as an important source of organics on the early Earth. What is less clear is the survivability of cometary organics during impact (Chyba et al. 1990) The remarkable impacts of the fragments of Comet Shoemaker Levy 9 with Jupiter in July, 1994 produced Earth sized, organic rich scars in Jupiter's atmosphere, thus providing an ideal opportunity to assess the processes of destruction and reformation of cometary organics during an impact. Jupiter's strongly reducing composition complicates the interpretation because shock processing of the atmosphere can also synthesize organic molecules. The brown impact debris clouds were composed of particles 0.2 microns in size, with an imaginary index of refraction .01 to 0.1 for wavelengths between 200 to 1000 nm (West et al. 1995) The most likely interpretation of these particles is that they were organic rich, with 10 C by mass. Spectroscopic observations of the impact sites over a wide range of wavelengths revealed the presence of many unusual (for Jupiter's stratosphere) C,S, and N compounds, suggesting that the debris cloud particles were probably composed of a complex suite of organics.
Long term Results Comparing Cervical Disc Arthroplasty to Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Venue: Orthopaedic surgery
Year: 2019

Whether cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) is superior to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) remains controversial, especially in relation to long term results. The present study aimed to evaluate the long term safety and efficiency of CDA and ACDF for cervical disc disease.
Integration of distributed generation in electrical grid: Optimal placement and sizing under different load conditions
Venue: Comput. Electr. Eng.
Year: 2019

This paper proposes a novel approach for the placement and sizing of distributed generation (DG) ensuring voltage stability and reducing total power losses in electrical grid. The main concern of the proposed method is to guarantee voltage stability along with load fluctuations, while selecting optimal DG sites and power capacities. First, vulnerable buses are determined using Voltage Stability Margin Index (VSMI) Optimum size of DG unit is computed using Matlab curve fitting approximation. For each load level, optimal DG size and its corresponding site are recomputed. General expressions for DG power capacity are established. For different load scenarios, the determined DG locations and size are always valid. The proposed method is implemented on the 33 bus and the 69 bus distribution systems using PSAT MATLAB toolbox and results are compared to other techniques published in the literature. The obtained results prove the effectiveness, the robustness and the good performances of the proposed method.
Visual Translation Embedding Network for Visual Relation Detection
Venue: 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
Year: 2017

Visual relations, such as person ride bike and bike next to car, offer a comprehensive scene understanding of an image, and have already shown their great utility in connecting computer vision and natural language. However, due to the challenging combinatorial complexity of modeling subject predicate object relation triplets, very little work has been done to localize and predict visual relations. Inspired by the recent advances in relational representation learning of knowledge bases and convolutional object detection networks, we propose a Visual Translation Embedding network (VTransE) for visual relation detection. VTransE places objects in a low dimensional relation space where a relation can be modeled as a simple vector translation, i.e. subject predicate #x2248; object. We propose a novel feature extraction layer that enables object relation knowledge transfer in a fully convolutional fashion that supports training and inference in a single forward/backward pass. To the best of our knowledge, VTransE is the first end toend relation detection network. We demonstrate the effectiveness of VTransE over other state of the art methods on two large scale datasets: Visual Relationship and Visual Genome. Note that even though VTransE is a purely visual model, it is still competitive to the Lu&#x2019;s multi modal model with language priors
Linking small scale topography with microclimate, plant species diversity and intra specific trait variation in an alpine landscape
Year: 2015

Small scale topographic complexity is a characteristic feature of alpine landscapes, with important effects on alpine plant distribution.  We investigated the links between small scale topographic complexity and resultant microclimatic heterogeneity, vascular plant species richness and beta diversity, and realised niche width and trait variation of some target species.  We recorded temperature and soil moisture within 10 sites (40 m x 40 m) of differing topographic complexity in alpine terrain at Finse, Norway (N 60deg 36' E 7deg 33' Plant species occurrence and traits of target species were recorded in 16 sample plots at each site.  Sites differed significantly in microclimatic heterogeneity, and topographically rough sites were always more heterogeneous than flatter ones. Greater species richness and turnover was associated with greater microclimatic heterogeneity, and rough sites contained 15 55% more species than flatter ones. Plant species had on average wider realised niches when growing at rough sites. Individuals of Bistorta vivipara, but not those of Luzula spicata, tended to exhibit greater phenotypic variation at rough sites.  Rough alpine terrains create small scale variation in microclimate, promoting species richness and beta diversity. In the event of climate change, small scale microclimatic heterogeneity might allow plant species to escape from regional climate change by short distance migration to local micro refugia. This study suggests that the opportunity for such responses would be greater in topographically complex terrains.
An Efficient and Secured Framework for Mobile Cloud Computing
Venue: International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering
Year: 2019

By and by days the market of PDA is creating at a quick. Everyone has a versatile, tablet, fablet (tablet with calling office) Flexible customer will accomplish 6.5 billion preceding the completion of 2012,6.9 billion preceding the completion of 2013.Together with a perilous improvement of the convenient applications and ascending of appropriated figuring thought, compact disseminated registering (MCC) has been familiar with be a potential development for adaptable organizations. MCC consolidates the disseminated figuring into the flexible condition and beats obstacles related to the execution (e.g. battery life, amassing, and information transmission) condition (e.g. heterogeneity, flexibility, and openness) and security (e.g. steadfastness and insurance) discussed in compact enlisting. This paper gives an information about adaptable disseminated figuring application security, issues The issues, existing plans and procedures are discussed.
Somatic gene editing ameliorates skeletal and cardiac muscle failure in pig and human models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Venue: Nature Medicine
Year: 2020

Frameshift mutations in the DMD gene, encoding dystrophin, cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) leading to terminal muscle and heart failure in patients. Somatic gene editing by sequence specific nucleases offers new options for restoring the DMD reading frame, resulting in expression of a shortened but largely functional dystrophin protein. Here, we validated this approach in a pig model of DMD lacking exon 52 of DMD DMD D52) as well as in a corresponding patient derived induced pluripotent stem cell model. In DMD D52 pigs 1 intramuscular injection of adeno associated viral vectors of serotype 9 carrying an intein split Cas9 (ref. 2 and a pair of guide RNAs targeting sequences flanking exon 51 (AAV9 Cas9 gE51) induced expression of a shortened dystrophin (DMDD51 52) and improved skeletal muscle function. Moreover, systemic application of AAV9 Cas9 gE51 led to widespread dystrophin expression in muscle, including diaphragm and heart, prolonging survival and reducing arrhythmogenic vulnerability. Similarly, in induced pluripotent stem cell derived myoblasts and cardiomyocytes of a patient lacking DMDD52 AAV6 Cas9 g51 mediated excision of exon 51 restored dystrophin expression and amelioreate skeletal myotube formation as well as abnormal cardiomyocyte Ca 2+ handling and arrhythmogenic susceptibility. The ability of Cas9 mediated exon excision to improve DMD pathology in these translational models paves the way for new treatment approaches in patients with this devastating disease. CRISPR Cas9 mediated gene editing restores dystrophin expression in both pig and human induced pluripotent stem cell models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, with beneficial effects on skeletal muscle and cardiac function.
State space model of an array of oscillating water column wave energy converters with inter body hydrodynamic coupling
Year: 2020

In this paper we derive a state space model restricted to heave motion of a full scale array of floating oscillating water column (OWC) wave energy converters with nonlinear power take off dynamics, taking hydrodynamic interactions between all bodies into account. The resulting state space model is intended as a basis for accelerated development of advanced control approaches to maximize power generation. The kinetic and potential energy transferred to the air chamber causes a pressure difference, inducing unidirectional motion of a novel bi radial turbine. This can be accurately modeled using pressure dependent turbine characteristics, taking into account the nonlinearity of the gas compressibility. The analytical model of the floating OWC is based on linear hydrodynamic coefficients, obtained using the boundary element solver ANSYS Aqwa of an equilateral triangle array of axis symmetric floating OWCs of the Marmok A 5 type. Finally, the system's model time domain equations are simulated in different wave climates and an ideal active controller is applied to maximize energy conversion. For the specific implemented separation distance the resulting cross body interactions are found to be negligible in irregular compared to regular wave scenarios. The turbine rotational speed suggests investigations on discontinues nonlinear control methods before semi global approaches are used to optimize power generation.