nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploring the impact of multidecadal environmental changes on the population genetic structure of a marine primary producer
Venue: Ecology and evolution
Year: 2017

Many marine protists form resting stages that can remain viable in coastal sediments for several decades. Their long term survival offers the possibility to explore the impact of changes in environmental conditions on population dynamics over multidecadal time scales. Resting stages of the phototrophic dinoflagellate Pentapharsodinium dalei were isolated and germinated from five layers in dated sediment cores from Koljo fjord, Sweden, spanning ca.  This fjord has, during the last century, experienced environmental fluctuations linked to hydrographic variability mainly driven by the North Atlantic Oscillation. Population genetic analyses based on six microsatellite markers revealed high genetic diversity and suggested that samples belonged to two clusters of subpopulations that have persisted for nearly a century. We observed subpopulation shifts coinciding with changes in hydrographic conditions. The large degree of genetic diversity and the potential for both fluctuation and recovery over longer time scales documented here, may help to explain the long term success of aquatic protists that form resting stages.
Topological phases in acoustic and mechanical systems
Venue: Nature Reviews Physics
Year: 2019

The study of classical wave physics has been reinvigorated by incorporating the concept of the geometric phase, which has its roots in optics, and topological notions that were previously explored in condensed matter physics. Recently, sound waves and a variety of mechanical systems have emerged as excellent platforms that exemplify the universality and diversity of topological phases. In this Review, we introduce the essential physical concepts that underpin various classes of topological phenomena realized in acoustic and mechanical systems: Dirac points, the quantum Hall, quantum spin Hall and valley Hall effects, Floquet topological phases, 3D gapless states and Weyl crystals.This Review describes topological phenomena that can be realized in acoustic and mechanical systems. Methods of symmetry breaking are described, along with the consequences and rich phenomena that emerge.Key pointsAcoustic and mechanical systems are versatile platforms to study a wide range of topological phases that were first investigated in condensed matter physics.Topological phenomena that can be observed include Dirac points and analogues of the quantum Hall effect, quantum spin Hall effect, valley Hall effect, Floquet topological phases, gapless states and Weyl systems.Because classical acoustic systems are different from condensed matter systems (for example, they lack Kramers degeneracy) new approaches are needed to realize topological phases.Schemes of symmetry breaking in phononic crystals play a key role in the realization of these topological phases, and their consequences and limitations are discussed.
Exploring the black box in Spanish firms: the effect of the actual and perceived system on employees' commitment and organizational performance
Year: 2011

Several studies in strategic human resource management have described a relationship between people management practices and organizational performance. However, the mediating processes that explain such a relationship remain unexplored. This study examines how both the actual people management system (assessed by managers) and the perceived system (assessed by employees) influence employees' commitment, and how this in turn contributes to employee and organizational outcomes. Multilevel analyses of a sample of 732 employees from 26 Spanish small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) supported a model in which employees' commitment mediates between the actual system and unit level absenteeism, which in turn has an effect on productivity. Results also showed the importance of the perceived system in attempting to understand the true effect of the actual system on employees' commitment to the organization.
Holographic Derivation of Entanglement Entropy from AdS/CFT
Year: 2006

A holographic derivation of the entanglement entropy in quantum (conformal) field theories is proposed from AdS/CFT correspondence. We argue that the entanglement entropy in d+1 dimensional conformal field theories can be obtained from the area of d dimensional minimal surfaces in AdSd+2, analogous to the Bekenstein Hawking formula for black hole entropy. We show that our proposal perfectly reproduces the correct entanglement entropy in 2D CFT when applied to AdS3. We also compare the entropy computed in AdS5xS 5 with that of the free N 4 super Yang Mills.
Impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on maternal health services in Pakistan.
Venue: The International journal of health planning and management
Year: 2020

Throughout the world as health systems are being prepared to deal with the SARS CoV 2 outbreak which will affect the management of HIV, diabetes, mental health and mainly maternal healthcare systems. As all efforts are focused on understanding the epidemiology, clinical features, transmission patterns, and management of the COVID 19 outbreak, there has been very little concern expressed over the effects on maternal health services. It is highly likely that the present situation may exacerbate maternal mortality in suburban and rural areas. The present situation requires governments and NGOs to make necessary arrangements to support people with prenatal and postnatal care.
Selected Predictors of the Sense of Intimacy in Relationships of Young Adults
Venue: International journal of environmental research and public health
Year: 2019

The main research objective of this study was seeking the predictive role of closeness to parents, attachment, identity style, identity commitment, type of relationship, and having children in intimacy among young women and men. Many studies indicate differences in the level of engagement, communication, and satisfaction in relationships. The study group comprised 227 people, including 114 women (M 29.99; SD 4.36) and 113 men (M 30.00; SD 4.33) A total of 40% of the subjects were married, and the remaining 60% subjects were in informal relationships; 101 people had children and the other individuals were childless. The following instruments were used: The Miller Social Intimacy Scale, questionnaires to assess closeness and attachment, and the Identity Style Inventory. The significance of the differences and the stepwise regression analysis were performed. The results of the study demonstrated a higher level of intimacy in a relationship with a partner among women than men. The nature of a relationship does not matter to the sense of intimacy. However, closeness to parents during childhood and adolescence, the model of interpersonal relations, and the identity style are predictors of intimacy in a relationship. The study results can be used in creating preventive and educational programs focused on family life and satisfied relationships.
hyeondae silnae dijain yosoroseoyi paeteone gwanhan yeongu
Year: 2010

Epidermis of building becomes target of design as component of space, as no more secondary element of space in modern society which is governed by speed and image. Especially, epidermis design in interior space enables users to communicate more smoothly with space by providing various narrative as it provides abundant visual perception experiences Patterns mean regular shape or form or type. In other words, it means design which appears repetitive regular shape. Patterns are important design elements in fashion and textile design, also modern space designers are using fully patterns on surface of building. As interior surface design element, pattern becomes one of components of space through supplementation in lack of space building, communication method between space and users, beyond just simple decoration. Through case studies, we can know, patterns in interior space are used two dimensional and three dimensional way, come out visual type like "objectization" "spacization" "framization"
Hepatoprotective Effects of Chinese Medicine Herbs Decoction on Liver Cirrhosis in Rats
Venue: Evidence based complementary and alternative medicine eCAM
Year: 2017

Hepatoprotective and curative activities of aqueous extract of decoction containing 10 Chinese medicinal herbs (HPE XA 08) were evaluated in Sprague Dawley albino rats with liver damage induced by thioacetamide (TAA) These activities were assessed by investigating the liver enzymes level and also histopathology investigation. Increases in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels were observed in rats with cirrhotic liver. No significant alterations of the liver enzymes were observed following treatment with HPE XA 08. Histopathology examination of rats treated with HPE XA 08 at 250 mg/kg body weight, however, exhibited moderate liver protective effects. Reduced extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins within the hepatocytes were noted in comparison to the cirrhotic liver. The curative effects of HPE XA 08 were observed with marked decrease in the level of ALP (more than 3x) and level of GGT (more than 2x) in cirrhotic rat treated with 600 mg/kg body weight HPE XA 08 in comparison to cirrhotic rat treated with just water diluent. Reversion of cirrhotic liver to normal liver condition in rats treated with HPE XA 08 was observed. Results from the present study suggest that HPE XA 08 treatment assisted in the protection from liver cirrhosis and improved the recovery of cirrhotic liver.
A survey on control issues in renewable energy integration and microgrid
Venue: Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems
Year: 2019

This paper describes the usefulness of renewable energy throughout the world to generate power. Renewable energy adds a remarkable scope in power system. Renewable energy sources act as the prime mover of a microgrid. The Microgrid is a small network of power system with distributed generation (DG) units connected in parallel. The integration challenges of renewable energy sources and the control of microgrid are described in this paper. The varied nature of DG system produces voltage and frequency deviation. The unknown nature of the load produces un modeled dynamics. This un modeled dynamic introduces measurable effects on the performance of the microgrid. This paper investigates the performance of the microgrid against different scenarios. The voltage of the microgrid is controlled by using different controllers and their results are also investigated. The performance of controllers is investigated using MATLAB/Simulink SimPowerSystems.
Nearly Geodesic Riemannian Cubics in SO(3)
Year: 2011

\em Riemannian cubics} are curves in a manifold $M$ that satisfy a variational condition appropriate for interpolation problems. When $M$ is the rotation group SO(3) Riemannian cubics are track summands of \em Riemannian cubic splines} used for motion planning of rigid bodies. Partial integrability results are known for Riemannian cubics, and the asymptotics of Riemannian cubics in SO(3) are reasonably well understood. The mathematical properties and medium term behaviour of Riemannian cubics in SO(3) are known to be be extremely rich, but there are numerical methods for calculating Riemannian cubic splines in practice. What is missing is an understanding of the short term behaviour of Riemannian cubics, and it is this that is important for applications. The present paper fills this gap by deriving approximations to nearly geodesic Riemannian cubics in terms of elementary functions. The high quality of these approximations depends on mathematical results that are specific to Riemannian cubics.
Additive Manufacturing as a Technique for In Situ Repair and Renovation of Marine Crankshaft Journals
Venue: Key Engineering Materials
Year: 2019

This article presents the analysis and redesign of an equipment aimed at repairing in situ the journal surface of a marine diesel engine crankshaft, based on laser cladding technology. The paper outlines the comprehensive research conducted to study the device, identify its weaknesses and establish a strategy to improve it. To address this task, we shall describe (i) a study of the working environment, (ii) performance of functional analysis using computer aided engineering tools and finite element analysis of the current prototype, (iii) a study of the results and identification of problematic areas, (iv) proposed improvements based on the results, (v) the presentation of a 3D model with the proposed improvements.
Increasing younger customers in restaurants through marketing
Year: 2018

This research is conducted in 'The Original Thai Restaurant' to increase younger customers for the restaurant. A study into this topic is very significant, as the younger generation account for the majority of purchasing power compared with others. A mixed approach has been taken for the research, including qualitative and quantitative methods. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires to customers, and the restaurant manager was interviewed to get more information regarding the strategies of the restaurant. Bar graphs and pie charts were used to analyse the data collected from the questionnaires. Several scopes were studied as part of the literature review, to prepare for conducting the research. The purpose of the research is to find out reasons why fewer younger people are coming to the restaurant compared to the older generation, and to recommend marketing strategies to resolve the problem. The lack of entertainment facilities and an expensive menu were found to be a cause for the lack of millennial customers in the restaurant. Providing Wi Fi, and live music were solutions to increase millennials in the restaurant.
Review of titanium surface modification techniques and coatings for antibacterial applications.
Venue: Acta biomaterialia
Year: 2019

Implanted biomaterials play a key role in the current success of orthopedic and dental procedures. Pure titanium and its alloys are the most commonly used materials for permanent implants in contact with bone. However, implant related infections remain among the leading reasons for failure. The most critical pathogenic event in the development of infection on biomaterials is biofilm formation, which starts immediately after bacterial adhesion. In the last decade, numerous studies reported the ability of titanium surface modifications and coatings to minimize bacterial adhesion, inhibit biofilm formation and provide effective bacterial killing to protect implanted biomaterials. In the present review, the different strategies to prevent infection onto titanium surfaces are reported: surface modification and coatings by antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides, inorganic antibacterial metal elements and antibacterial polymers.  Implanted biomaterials play a key role in the current success of orthopedic and dental procedures. Pure titanium and its alloys are the most commonly used materials for permanent implants in contact with bone. Microbial infection is one of the main causes of implant failure. Currently, the global infection risk is 2 5% in orthopedic surgery. Numerous solutions exist to render titanium surfaces antibacterial. The LBPS team is an expert on the functionalization of titanium surfaces by using bioactive polymers to improve the biologiocal response. In this review, the different strategies to prevent infection are reported onto titanium and titanium alloy surfaces such as surface modification by antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides, inorganic antibacterial metal elements and antibacterial polymers.
Feasibility of dynamic risk prediction for hepatocellular carcinoma development in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Venue: Liver international official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
Year: 2018

Several risk prediction models for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development are available. We explored whether the use of risk prediction models can dynamically predict HCC development at different time points in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.
China's 2008 Labor Contract Law: Implementation and implications for China's workers
Year: 2013

This article presents empirical evidence from household and firm survey data collected during 2009 2010 on the implementation of the 2008 Labor Contract Law and effects on China's workers. The Government and local labor bureaus have made substantial efforts to enforce the provisions of the new Law, which has likely contributed to reversing a trend toward increasing informalization of the urban labor market. Enforcement of the Law, however, varies substantially across cities. The article analyzes the determinants of worker satisfaction with the Law's enforcement, workers' propensity to have a labor contract, their awareness of the Law's content and their likelihood of initiating disputes, and finds that all are highly correlated with education level, especially for migrants. Although higher labor costs may have had a negative impact on manufacturing employment growth, this has not led to an overall increase in aggregate unemployment or prevented the rapid growth of real wages. Less progress has been made in increasing social insurance coverage, although signing a labor contract is more likely to be associated with participation in social insurance programs than in the past, particularly for migrant workers.
Phosphorus doped graphite felt allowing stabilized electrochemical interface and hierarchical pore structure for redox flow battery
Year: 2020

The redox flow battery technology is of great potential for large scale energy storage. However, its widespread application is suffering from the challenges of low energy efficiency and considerable performance degradation in the high current cycles. Herein, we propose and develop a phosphorus doped electrode with stabilized electrochemical interface and hierarchical pore structure for cost effective flow batteries. Density functional theory calculation was first used to demonstrate the stability and activity of phosphorus doped graphite surface. On basis of theoretical design, the phosphorus doped graphite felt electrode was fabricated by a facial thermally treating method. Stabilized heteroatom doped chemical surface with abundant phosphorus containing functional groups (1.7% was observed. Beyond that, the hierarchical pore structure from macro ~20 mm) to nanoscale
COMPARACAO ENTRE O USO DE TOXINA BOTULINICA E OUTROS PROCEDIMENTOS NA CORRECAO DO SORRISO GENGIVAL
Year: 2018

A exposicao do tecido gengival superior a 2mm e caracterizada como sorriso gengival, e o uso da toxina botulinica para correcao desta alteracao, tem se destacado nos ultimos anos. Esse fato acontece devido ao procedimento ser pouco invasivo, de rapido resultado e reversivel. Outros procedimentos como aumento de coroa clinica, cirurgia ortognatica e intrusao ortodontica tambem sao utilizados, porem demandam um tempo maior para resultado, com grau de complexidade e valores mais elevados e de maior invasao, tendo tambem a negativa de serem irreversiveis. Com a toxina, a correcao do sorriso gengival e realizada atraves da aplicacao de toxina botulinica no musculo elevador do labio e da asa do nariz, reduzindo a hiperfuncao destes musculos, e abaixando o sorriso do paciente. Este trabalho tem por finalidade mostrar uma comparacao entre as possibilidades de procedimentos para correcao do sorriso gengival e com toxina botulinica, enfatizando os pros e os contras de cada procedimento.
High energy Ball milling of ZrB 2 and HfB 2 Powders: Effect on Particle Size and Crystalline Grain Distribution
Venue: Microscopy and Microanalysis
Year: 2016

Ultra High Temperature Ceramics (UHTCs) such as ZrB2 and HfB2 with incorporation of SiC are being considered as structural materials for applications in propulsion and thermal protection systems such as turbine engine hot section components, leading edge of hypersonic vehicles, where extremely high heat fluxes generate very high temperatures and steep temperature gradients  We used high energy ball milling of the precursor powders to increase lattice distortion enhanced inter diffusion, uniform distribution of SiC, and reduce grain growth during Spark plasma sintering (SPS) Here, we study the effect of high energy ball milling of ZrB2 or HfB2 with 20 vol% SiC on the particle size and crystalline grain distribution.
An overview of anomaly detection techniques: Existing solutions and latest technological trends
Venue: Comput. Networks
Year: 2007

As advances in networking technology help to connect the distant corners of the globe and as the Internet continues to expand its influence as a medium for communications and commerce, the threat from spammers, attackers and criminal enterprises has also grown accordingly. It is the prevalence of such threats that has made intrusion detection systems the cyberspace's equivalent to the burglar alarm join ranks with firewalls as one of the fundamental technologies for network security. However, today's commercially available intrusion detection systems are predominantly signature based intrusion detection systems that are designed to detect known attacks by utilizing the signatures of those attacks. Such systems require frequent rule base updates and signature updates, and are not capable of detecting unknown attacks. In contrast, anomaly detection systems, a subset of intrusion detection systems, model the normal system/network behavior which enables them to be extremely effective in finding and foiling both known as well as unknown or 'zero day' attacks. While anomaly detection systems are attractive conceptually, a host of technological problems need to be overcome before they can be widely adopted. These problems include: high false alarm rate, failure to scale to gigabit speeds, etc. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey of anomaly detection systems and hybrid intrusion detection systems of the recent past and present. We also discuss recent technological trends in anomaly detection and identify open problems and challenges in this area.
Nonparametric Bayesian sparse factor analysis for frequency domain blind source separation without permutation ambiguity
Venue: EURASIP J. Audio Speech Music. Process.
Year: 2013

Blind source separation (BSS) and sound activity detection (SAD) from a sound source mixture with minimum prior information are two major requirements for computational auditory scene analysis that recognizes auditory events in many environments. In daily environments, BSS suffers from many problems such as reverberation, a permutation problem in frequency domain processing, and uncertainty about the number of sources in the observed mixture. While many conventional BSS methods resort to a cascaded combination of subprocesses, e.g. frequency wise separation and permutation resolution, to overcome these problems, their outcomes may be affected by the worst subprocess. Our aim is to develop a unified framework to cope with these problems. Our method, called permutation free infinite sparse factor analysis (PF ISFA) is based on a nonparametric Bayesian framework that enables inference without a pre determined number of sources. It solves BSS, SAD and the permutation problem at the same time. Our method has two key ideas: unified source activities for all the frequency bins and the activation probabilities of all the frequency bins of all the sources. Experiments were carried out to evaluate the separation performance and the SAD performance under four reverberant conditions. For separation performance in the BSS_EVAL criteria, our method outperformed conventional complex ISFA under all conditions. For SAD performance, our method outperformed the conventional method by 5.9 0.5% in F measure under the condition RT20 30 600 [ms] respectively.