nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of China's economic growth and energy consumption structure on atmospheric pollutants: Based on a panel threshold model
Venue: Journal of Cleaner Production
Year: 2019

Energy consumption, especially fossil energy consumption, is the main source of the emission of atmospheric pollutants. A comprehensive understanding of the regional characteristics and evolution trends of the atmospheric pollutant emissions caused by energy consumption in China, and on a global scale, can facilitate a better understanding of the sources of atmospheric pollutants and the evolution of environmental issues. The scientific energy policies and measures taken to prevent air pollution have important theoretical and practical significance. In order to prevent air pollution and achieve sustainable economic development while economic growth is progressing, this study analyzes the factors that impact atmospheric pollutants. These factors are the energy consumption structure, energy intensity, economic growth, population, industrial structure, and FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) The study uses panel data from 2000 to 2016 for all Chinese provinces. Based on the analysis of the mechanism between the energy consumption structure and air quality, the dynamic panel data model and panel threshold model are proposed to study the effect of the above factors on atmospheric pollutants. The empirical results indicate that the first lag period of the atmospheric pollutants has a positive effect on the current air quality; that is, there is "inertia" China's coal based energy consumption structure has promoted air pollution across the nation overall and in the eastern, central, and western regions. The results of the panel threshold for economic growth indicate that the differences among the regions are significant. The country has three thresholds, and each region has a double threshold. The results of this study will benefit policymakers who are striving to improve the air quality by its consideration of the actual influencing factors, and it will help the policymakers to make the inverted U shaped curve or inverted N shaped curve more significant and lasting. It is then necessary to optimize the energy structure to avoid unrealistic and blind behavior.
Invited review: The welfare of dairy cattle housed in tiestalls compared to less restrictive housing types: A systematic review.
Venue: Journal of dairy science
Year: 2021

Many dairy cattle worldwide are housed in tiestalls, meaning that they are tethered by the neck to individual stalls. On some farms, tied cattle are permitted seasonal access to pasture, but otherwise their movements are restricted compared with cows housed in freestall barns or other loose housing systems. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the scientific literature pertaining the welfare of tied dairy cattle through comparison with less restrictive housing systems. Articles identified by PubMed and Web of Science underwent a 5 phase screening process, resulting in the inclusion of 102 papers. These papers addressed measures of welfare related to affective state, natural behavior, and health (with the lattermost category subdivided into hoof and leg disorders, lameness, mastitis, transition disease, and other diseases or conditions) Health was the most researched topic (discussed in 86% of articles) only 19% and 14% of studies addressed natural behavior and affective state, respectively. Our review highlights different health benefits for tethered and loose cattle. For example, tied cattle experience reduced prevalence of white line disease and digital dermatitis, whereas loose cattle experience fewer leg lesions and injuries. The prevalence of mastitis, transition diseases, and other conditions did not differ consistently across housing types. We found that the expression of certain natural behaviors, particularly those associated with lying down (e.g. time spent kneeling, unfulfilled intentions to lie down) were impaired in tiestalls. Articles addressing affective state found benefits to loose housing, but these studies focused almost exclusively on (1) physiological measurements and (2) cow comfort, a concept that lacks a consistent operational definition across studies. We call for future research into the affective state of tied cattle that extends beyond these explorations and employs more sophisticated methodologies.
Management of hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease: frequently asked questions and answers (if any)
Venue: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
Year: 2016

Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in iodine replete areas. Although progress has been made in our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease, no treatment targeting pathogenic mechanisms of the disease is presently available. Therapies for Graves' hyperthyroidism are largely imperfect because they are bound to either a high rate of relapsing hyperthyroidism (antithyroid drugs) or lifelong hypothyroidism (radioiodine treatment or thyroidectomy) Aim of the present article is to offer a practical guidance to the reader by providing evidence based answers to frequently asked questions in clinical practice.
pSCANNER: patient centered Scalable National Network for Effectiveness Research
Venue: J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc.
Year: 2014

This article describes the patient centered Scalable National Network for Effectiveness Research (pSCANNER) which is part of the recently formed PCORnet, a national network composed of learning healthcare systems and patient powered research networks funded by the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) It is designed to be a stakeholder governed federated network that uses a distributed architecture to integrate data from three existing networks covering over 21 million patients in all 50 states: (1) VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI) with data from Veteran Health Administration's 151 inpatient and 909 ambulatory care and community based outpatient clinics; (2) the University of California Research exchange (UC ReX) network, with data from UC Davis, Irvine, Los Angeles, San Francisco, and San Diego; and (3) SCANNER, a consortium of UCSD, Tennessee VA, and three federally qualified health systems in the Los Angeles area supplemented with claims and health information exchange data, led by the University of Southern California. Initial use cases will focus on three conditions: (1) congestive heart failure; (2) Kawasaki disease; (3) obesity. Stakeholders, such as patients, clinicians, and health service researchers, will be engaged to prioritize research questions to be answered through the network. We will use a privacy preserving distributed computation model with synchronous and asynchronous modes. The distributed system will be based on a common data model that allows the construction and evaluation of distributed multivariate models for a variety of statistical analyses.
Islamic Fundamentalism and the Problem of Insecurity in Nigeria: The Boko Haram Phenomenon
Year: 2013

The article explored the impact of Islamic fundamentalism as typified by Boko Haram on insecurity in Nigeria. Using Huntington's theory of clash of civilizations, the article argued that the rise of Boko Haram with its violent disposition against Western values is a counter response to Western civilization that is fast eclipsing other civilizations. The article notes that the wanton destruction of lives and properties by the Boko Haram sect constitutes a major threat to national security. It recommends that the Nigerian government should as a matter of urgency mobilize the whole panoply of its security architecture to checkmate the activities of Boko Haram. More importantly, the government should explore and intensify efforts at finding a political solution to the problem through dialogue. KeywordsBoko Haram, Civilization, Fundamentalism, Islam,
Near Field Communication En studie om NFC teknikens mojliga anvandningsomraden och utveckling inom sociala medier
Year: 2014

In this report we examine the NFC (Near Field Communication) technology as far as the development has come until today. We adress different use areas and explain the technical funcionality. By using data collection methods as a specialist interview and also a survery we want to detect potential risks and safety issues in implementation of the new technology. Our main focus in this report is to examine how NFC can play an important role in the developement of social interaction and social media. By compiling our data and research materials we will analyze and present a report conslusion. In our conclusion we will introduce our thoughts about the technology as NFC gets more and more common in our physical lives and also propose further research areas. We will share potential risks about the technology as it is developing to alert future researchers and developers, but also pay attention to the opportunities the technology may bring.
Contact force regulation in wire actuated pantographs via variable structure control and frequency domain techniques
Venue: Int. J. Control
Year: 2008

One of the main problems in high speed train transportation systems is related to the current collection quality, that can dramatically decrease because of oscillations of the pantograph catenary system. This problem has been addressed by means of active pantographs. In this paper we present some results about the possible implementation of variable structure control (VSC) techniques on a wire actuated symmetric pantograph. Such an actuator was suggested in the literature as a viable solution to building an active pantograph by modifying a passive pantograph currently used by Italian Railways. The use of VSC with sliding modes was considered in order to cope with the system uncertainties due to the overhead suspended catenary. Recent results about the frequency based analysis of VSC systems featuring second order sliding modes are exploited to avoid the performance destroying effect of the resonant wire actuator and to get a continuous control force without using observers. We show by simulations that the contact force results are very close to the desired set point also in the presence of measurement noise.
Learning to Transfer: Unsupervised Domain Translation via Meta Learning
Venue: AAAI
Year: 2020

Unsupervised domain translation has recently achieved impressive performance with Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and sufficient (unpaired) training data. However, existing domain translation frameworks form in a disposable way where the learning experiences are ignored and the obtained model cannot be adapted to a new coming domain. In this work, we take on unsupervised domain translation problems from a meta learning perspective. We propose a model called Meta Translation GAN (MT GAN) to find good initialization of translation models. In the meta training procedure, MT GAN is explicitly trained with a primary translation task and a synthesized dual translation task. A cycle consistency meta optimization objective is designed to ensure the generalization ability. We demonstrate effectiveness of our model on ten diverse two domain translation tasks and multiple face identity translation tasks. We show that our proposed approach significantly outperforms the existing domain translation methods when each domain contains no more than ten training samples.
An application and empirical test of the Capability Opportunity Motivation Behaviour model to data leakage prevention in financial organizations
Venue: Comput. Secur.
Year: 2020

It is widely agreed that technology alone cannot prevent cyber incidents. Organizations often need to rely on the cooperation of employees, for instance to report cyber incidents and to follow security policies. This research article presents a model of how the psychological constructs capability, opportunity and motivation interact to produce employee security behaviours that are assumed to help prevent data leakage incidents. To validate this model we surveyed 384 bank employees about their data leakage prevention behaviour. Results generally show that capability (i.e. knowledge) is uniquely related to data leakage prevention behaviour, and that motivation and opportunity are uniquely related to capability. Our findings suggest that although knowledge is pivotal for achieving desired behaviour, increasing motivation and opportunity may be key to influence knowledge acquiring and consequently data leakage prevention behaviour. Implications for information security practice are discussed.
Improving SIMD code generation in QEMU
Venue: 2015 Design, Automation Test in Europe Conference Exhibition (DATE)
Year: 2015

Modern processors are often enhanced using SIMD instructions, such as the MMX, SSE, and AVX instructions set in the x86 architecture, or the NEON instruction set in the ARM architecture. Using these SIMD instructions could significantly increase application performance, hence in application binaries a significant proportion of instructions are likely to be SIMD instructions. However, Dynamic Binary Translation (DBT) has largely overlooked SIMD instruction translation. For example, in the popular QEMU system emulator, guest SIMD instructions are often emulated with a sequence of scalar instructions even when the host machines have SIMD instructions to support such parallel computation, leaving significant potential for performance enhancement. In this paper, we propose two approaches, one leveraging the existing helper function implementation in QEMU, and the other using a newly introduced vector IR (Intermediate Representation) to enhance the performance of SIMD instruction translation in DBT of QEMU. Both approaches were implemented in the QEMU to support ARM and IA32 frontend and x86 64 backend. Preliminary experiments show that adding vector IR can significantly enhance the performance of guest applications containing SIMD instructions for both ARM and IA32 architectures when running with QEMU on the x86 64 platform.
Similarity Preserving Knowledge Distillation
Venue: 2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)
Year: 2019

Knowledge distillation is a widely applicable technique for training a student neural network under the guidance of a trained teacher network. For example, in neural network compression, a high capacity teacher is distilled to train a compact student; in privileged learning, a teacher trained with privileged data is distilled to train a student without access to that data. The distillation loss determines how a teacher's knowledge is captured and transferred to the student. In this paper, we propose a new form of knowledge distillation loss that is inspired by the observation that semantically similar inputs tend to elicit similar activation patterns in a trained network. Similarity preserving knowledge distillation guides the training of a student network such that input pairs that produce similar (dissimilar) activations in the teacher network produce similar (dissimilar) activations in the student network. In contrast to previous distillation methods, the student is not required to mimic the representation space of the teacher, but rather to preserve the pairwise similarities in its own representation space. Experiments on three public datasets demonstrate the potential of our approach.
Cross dataset Person Re Identification Using Similarity Preserved Generative Adversarial Networks
Venue: KSEM
Year: 2018

Person re identification (Re ID) aims to match the image frames which contain the same person in the surveillance videos. Most of the Re ID algorithms conduct supervised training in some small labeled datasets, so directly deploying these trained models to the real world large camera networks may lead to a poor performance due to underfitting. The significant difference between the source training dataset and the target testing dataset makes it challenging to incrementally optimize the model. To address this challenge, we propose a novel solution by transforming the unlabeled images in the target domain to fit the original classifier by using our proposed similarity preserved generative adversarial networks model, SimPGAN. Specifically, SimPGAN adopts the generative adversarial networks with the cycle consistency constraint to transform the unlabeled images in the target domain to the style of the source domain. Meanwhile, SimPGAN uses the similarity consistency loss, which is measured by a siamese deep convolutional neural network, to preserve the similarity of the transformed images of the same person. Comprehensive experiments based on multiple real surveillance datasets are conducted, and the results show that our algorithm is better than the state of the art cross dataset unsupervised person Re ID algorithms.
T/V pronouns in global communication practices: The case of IKEA catalogues across linguacultures
Year: 2020

In this paper we investigate how the second person pronominal T form is translated in IKEA catalogues in a number of different languages. IKEA is renowned for using the T form as a form of branding: it promotes this form even in those countries where it might not be perceived favourably. However, our examination of a sample of IKEA catalogues shows that there are frequent deviations from IKEA's T policy. By examining translations of the T form in IKEA catalogues, and language users' evaluations of the (in)appropriacy of these translations, we aim to integrate T/V pronominal research into the pragmatics of translation, by demonstrating that the study of the translation of seemingly 'simple' expressions, such as second person pronominal forms, can provide insight into an array of cross cultural pragmatic differences. The study of translation in global communication is also relevant for research on the pragmatics of globalisation.
Velocity dispersion in skeletal muscle efferent nerve bundle and its effect upon time and frequency response
Venue: Medical and biological engineering
Year: 2006

Velocity dispersion in the nerve bundle subserving a skeletal muscle is shown not to have a significant primary effect on the time and frequency response of muscle. Secondary effects due to desynchronization in efferent volleys may produce an 'interface effect' between the nerve bundle and the muscle. This 'interface effect' may be important in biocybernetic considerations of neuromuscular action.SommaireOn montre que les dispersions des vitesses de conduction dans un faisceau de nerfs desservant un muscle du squelette sont en premiere approximation sans effet sur le temps de reponse et la reponse en frequence du muscle. Les effets secondaires dus a une desynchronisation des salves afferentes provoquent entre le faisceau de nerfs et le muscle un 'effet d'interface' Cet effet d'interface peut etre important pour des considerations biocybernetiques de l'action neuro musculaire.ZusammenfassungEs wird gezeigt, dass die Geschwindigkeitsverteilung in dem zu einem Skelettmuskel gehorigen Nervenbundel keinen signifikanten primaren Effekt auf die Zeit und Frequenzansprechbarkeit des Muskels hat. Sekundare Effekte, die auf Desynchronisation in der efferenten Entladung beruhen, konnen zwischen dem Nervenbundel und dem Muskel 'Grenzflacheneffekte' verursachen. Dieser 'Grenzflacheneffekt' kann fur biokybernetische Betrachtungen der neuromuskularen Leistung von Bedeutung sein.
TEKNIK PEMELIHARAAN INDUK IKAN NILA LARASATI (Oreochromis niloticus) DI BALAI BENIH IKAN KEBOWAN, KABUPATEN SEMARANG JAWA TENGAH
Year: 2017

Ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus) merupakan jenis ikan air tawar yang mempunyai nilai konsumsi cukup tinggi. Salah satu jenis ikan nila yang menjadi komoditas penting daerah jawa tengah yaitu ikan nila larasati. Ikan nila larasati banyak dibudidayaka karena memiliki daging yang tebal dan memiliki pertumbuhan yang cepat. Praktek Kerja Lapang ini dilaksanakan di Balai Benih Ikan Kebowan Kabupaten Semarang, Jawa Tengah pada tanggal 20 Januari sampai 18 Februari 2017. Tujuan Praktek Kerja Lapangan ini adalah untuk memperoleh pengetahuan, ketrampilan, memadukan teori yang diperoleh dikelas dan kenyataan yang ada di lapangan serta mengetahui tekniik pemeliharaan induk ikan nila larasati di Balai Benih Ikan Kebowan Kabupaten semarang, Jawa Tengah. Metode kerja yang digunakan dalam Praktek Kerja Lapang ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pengambilan data primer dan data sekunder. Kegiatan pemeliharaan induk ikan nila larasati (Oreochromis niloticus) meliputi Persiapan kolam induk yang terdiri dari pembersihan kolam dan pengisian air. Kegiatan selanjutnya adalah seleksi induk yang dilanjutkan pemberokan selama 30 hari. Kemudian induk dipijahkan dengan perbandingan jantan dan betina sebesar 1 4 atau 25 ekor induk jantan dan 100 ekor induk betina. Pemijahan induk ikan nila larsati dilakukan secara alami dan pemanenan telur dan larva ikan nila larsati dilakukan dengan sistem khetek. Pemberian pakan berupa pelet dengan dosis 1,5 dari berat biomassa ikan dengan frekuensi pemberian tiga kali sehari. Pengontrolan kualitas air dilakukan satu minggu sekali. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran kualitas air rata rata suhu berkisar antara 24 26oC dengan pH antara 6 7 dan DO 4 6 mg/l.
Music Chord Recognition Based on Midi Trained Deep Feature and BLSTM CRF Hybird Decoding
Venue: 2018 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)
Year: 2018

In this paper, we design a novel deep learning based hybrid system for automatic chord recognition. Currently, there is a bottleneck in the amount of enough annotated data for training robust acoustic models, as hand annotating time synchronized chord labels requires professional musical skills and considerable labor. As a solution to this problem, we construct a large set of time synchronized MIDI audio pairs, and use these data to train a Deep Residual Network (DRN) feature extractor, which can then estimate pitch class activations of real world music audio recordings. Sequence classification and decoding are then performed with a trained Bidirectional LSTM and Conditional Random Fields (CRF) network. Experiments show that the proposed model is compatible for both regular major/minor triad chord classification and larger vocabulary chord recognition, the performance is good and no less than other state of the art systems. The proposed system also achieved good evaluation score in MIREX 2017 Automatic Chord Estimation task.
Suggestion for Development Direction through the Design Analysis of Rental Hanbok in Jeonju Hanok Village Focus on Women's Jeogori and Chima
Year: 2020

This study suggests a direction for design development through an analysis of the experiential rental Hanbok design in Jeonju Hanok Village. As a research method, 268 outfit photographs of tourists wearing experiential rental Hanbok for women were collected as design analysis data from Jeonju Hanok Village. Frequency analysis was then performed by dividing into form, color, material pattern, and detail. The controversy over the design of experiential rental Hanbok revolves around how and how much tradition is reflected. This is a very important part of the design analysis and development direction. If necessary, traditionality was discussed using the Hanbok style of the Joseon Dynasty as a standard. Development directions derived from the analysis are summarized as follows. First, avoid the distorted shape of skirts. Second, develop underwear for traditional silhouettes. Third, expand traditional colorations and avoid the excessive use of accent colors. Fourth, it is necessary to develop rental Hanbok materials with decorative features. Fifth, there is a need to design flat pattern construction for rental Hanbok that reflects a standardized production method and a changed aesthetics.