nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Forensic Human Identification Using Skin Microbiomes
Venue: Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Year: 2017

The human microbiome contributes significantly to the genetic content of the human body. Genetic and environmental factors help shape the microbiome, and as such, the microbiome can be unique to an individual. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential to use microbiome profiling for forensic applications; however, a method has yet to identify stable features of skin microbiomes that produce high classification accuracies for samples collected over reasonably long time intervals. A novel approach is described here to classify skin microbiomes to their donors by comparing two feature types: Propionibacterium acnes pangenome presence/absence features and nucleotide diversities of stable clade specific markers. Supervised learning was used to attribute skin microbiomes from 14 skin body sites from 12 healthy individuals sampled at three time points over a >2.5 year period with accuracies of up to 100% for three body sites. Feature selection identified a reduced subset of markers from each body site that are highly individualizing, identifying 187 markers from 12 clades. Classification accuracies were compared in a formal model testing framework, and the results of this analysis indicate that learners trained on nucleotide diversity perform significantly better than those trained on presence/absence encodings. This study used supervised learning to identify individuals with high accuracy and associated stable features from skin microbiomes over a period of up to almost 3 years. These selected features provide a preliminary marker panel for future development of a robust and reproducible method for skin microbiome profiling for forensic human identification.  A novel approach is described to attribute skin microbiomes, collected over a period of >2.5 years, to their individual hosts with a high degree of accuracy. Nucleotide diversities of stable clade specific markers with supervised learning were used to classify skin microbiomes from a particular individual with up to 100% classification accuracy for three body sites. Attribute selection was used to identify 187 genetic markers from 12 clades which provide the greatest differentiation of individual skin microbiomes from 14 skin sites. This study performs skin microbiome profiling from a supervised learning approach and obtains high classification accuracy for samples collected from individuals over a relatively long time period for potential application to forensic human identification.
A Review of Nanofluids Synthesis, Factors Influencing Their Thermophysical Properties and Applications
Year: 2020

Heat generating equipment (such as transformers, computer microchips, car engines, nuclear reactors, etc. requires an efficient cooling mechanism to safeguard them from thermal degradation and to enhance their life span. The use of Nanofluids as opposed to conventional heat transfer fluids in their cooling system is to ensure that they are properly cooled. Nanofluids display superior thermal properties and they are synthesized from nanosized materials such as metals (Copper (Cu) Silver (Ag) Nickel (Ni) and Gold (Au) metal oxides Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) Cupric oxide (CuO) Magnesium oxide (MgO) Zinc oxide (ZnO) Silica (SiO2) Iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3) and Titania (TiO2) metal carbide (such as Silicon carbide (SiC) metal nitride (such as Aluminium nitride (AIN) or Carbon materials (Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) Multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) diamond, and graphite) suspended in base fluids (such as water, ethylene glycol, engine oil, transformer oil, vegetable oil, kerosene, toluene, etc. The current review explores methods used in the synthesis of nanofluids (One step method, Two step method, Solvothermal/Hydrothermal process) factors influencing their thermophysical properties (Particle volume concentration, pH, particle size, particle shape, particle material, base fluid material, Review Article Okello et al. JERR, 17(4) 1 17, 2020; Article no.JERR.61551 2 temperature, shear rate, and surfactants) and their applications (Heat transfer applications, automotive applications, biomedical applications, electronic applications, Nano based microbial fuel cells, and Nano based brake fluids)
Humanisme dalam Agama Baha'i dan implementasinya di masyarakat studi kasus ajaran Agama Baha'i di Desa Cebolek, Kec. Margoyoso, Kab. Pati
Year: 2018

Dalam masyarakat heterogen konflik niscaya terjadi. Konflik ini bisa berupa perselisihan biasa, hingga yang terburuk yaitu berupa kekerasan antar individu atau kelompok kelompok agama tertentu. Kesensitifan isu agama rupanya menjadikan agama tersebut sebagai pemicu konflik yang paling ampuh. Tapi tak bisa dipungkiri pula bahwa Agama juga bisa menjadi dasar keharmonisan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Seprti halnya keberagamaan msasyarakat di Desa Cebolek Kecamatan Margoyoso Kabupaten Pati. Sampai kurun waktu beberapa tahun terakhir hampir tidak ada konflik atau perselisihan yang berarti di Desa Cebolek antara umat Baha'i dan umat agama lain. Fenomena ini menjadi menarik untuk bagaimana ajaran Agama Baha'i tersebut di kaji. Dari permasalahan diatas diambil dua poin penting mengenai bagaimana ajaran Hhumanisme Agama Baha'i di Desa Cebolek Kecamatan Margoyoso Kabupaten Pati, dan yang ke dua yaitu bagaimana implementasinya ajaran humanisme Agama Baha'i tersebut. Dua poin tersebut akan dijawab dan jabarkan dengan pendiskrisian pendiskripsian terhadap data data yang didapat di lokasi penelitan. Maka penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Agama Baha'i merupakan agama yang memiliki ajaran Kesatuan umat manusia, Kesatuan dan keanekaragaman, Pendidikan diwajibkan bagi setiap manusia, Mencari kebenaran secara independen. Ajaran ajaran tersebut di ilhami sebagai pedoman bagi umat Baha'i dan suatu ajaran untuk memaksimalkan potensi potensi manusia dalam menjalani kehidupan sosial di setiap tempat. Humanisme Dalam Agama Baha'i dan Implementasinya Pada Masyarakat (Studi Kasus Ajaran Agama Baha'i Desa Cebolek Kecamata Margoyoso Kabupaten Pati) Adapun tujuan adalah untuk mengetahui Humanisme Dalam Agama Baha'i dan Implementasinya Pada Masyarakat terutama pada masyarakat Cebolek Pati. Menanggapi bagaimana penerapan ajaran humanisme dari ajaran Baha'i. Dalam menjelaskan ajaran humanisme dan penerapan ajaran humanisme akan di diskripsikan dengan metode analisis difkriptif. Dengan demikian diharapkan peniliti akan mendapatkan gambaran yang jelas mengrnai penerapan ajaran humanisme agama Baha'i di masyarakat, terutama di masyarakat Ceblek Pati. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah (field research) merupakan sumber yang di peroleh dari buku buku terbitan Majelis Rohani Indonesia yang merupakan buku resmi Agama Baha'i dan wawancara dengan pihak pihak utama penganut agama Baha'i dengan cara terjun langsung kelapangan di Desa Cebolek Pati. Sedangkan (library research) Adalah sumber yang di peroleh dari buku, artikel jurnal, internet, arsip, ensiklopedia, informasi surat kabar dan lain lain.
PathNet: Evolution Channels Gradient Descent in Super Neural Networks
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2017

For artificial general intelligence (AGI) it would be efficient if multiple users trained the same giant neural network, permitting parameter reuse, without catastrophic forgetting. PathNet is a first step in this direction. It is a neural network algorithm that uses agents embedded in the neural network whose task is to discover which parts of the network to re use for new tasks. Agents are pathways (views) through the network which determine the subset of parameters that are used and updated by the forwards and backwards passes of the backpropogation algorithm. During learning, a tournament selection genetic algorithm is used to select pathways through the neural network for replication and mutation. Pathway fitness is the performance of that pathway measured according to a cost function. We demonstrate successful transfer learning; fixing the parameters along a path learned on task A and re evolving a new population of paths for task B, allows task B to be learned faster than it could be learned from scratch or after fine tuning. Paths evolved on task B re use parts of the optimal path evolved on task A. Positive transfer was demonstrated for binary MNIST, CIFAR, and SVHN supervised learning classification tasks, and a set of Atari and Labyrinth reinforcement learning tasks, suggesting PathNets have general applicability for neural network training. Finally, PathNet also significantly improves the robustness to hyperparameter choices of a parallel asynchronous reinforcement learning algorithm (A3C)
Precision medicine for hepatocelluar carcinoma using molecular pattern diagnostics: results from a preclinical pilot study
Venue: Cell death disease
Year: 2017

The aim of this study was to design a road map for personalizing cancer therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by using molecular pattern diagnostics. As an exploratory study, we investigated molecular patterns of tissues of two tumors from individual HCC patients, which in previous experiments had shown contrasting reactions to the phase 2 transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 inhibitor galunisertib. Cancer driving molecular patterns encompass inter alias altered transcription profiles and somatic mutations in coding regions differentiating tumors from their respective peritumoral tissues and from each other. Massive analysis of cDNA ends and all exome sequencing demonstrate a highly divergent transcriptional and mutational landscape, respectively, for the two tumors, that offers potential explanations for the tumors contrasting responses to galunisertib. Molecular pattern diagnostics (MPDs) suggest alternative, individual tumor specific therapies, which in both cases deviate from the standard sorafenib treatment and from each other. Suggested personalized therapies use kinase inhibitors and immune focused drugs as well as low toxicity natural compounds identified using an advanced bioinformatics routine included in the MPD protocol. The MPD pipeline we describe here for the prediction of suitable drugs for treatment of two contrasting HCCs may serve as a blueprint for the design of therapies for various types of cancer.
SoK: exploring the state of the art and the future potential of artificial intelligence in digital forensic investigation
Venue: ARES
Year: 2020

Multi year digital forensic backlogs have become commonplace in law enforcement agencies throughout the globe. Digital forensic investigators are overloaded with the volume of cases requiring their expertise compounded by the volume of data to be processed. Artificial intelligence is often seen as the solution to many big data problems. This paper summarises existing artificial intelligence based tools and approaches in digital forensics. Automated evidence processing leveraging artificial intelligence based techniques shows great promise in expediting the digital forensic analysis process while increasing case processing capacities. For each application of artificial intelligence highlighted, a number of current challenges and future potential impact is discussed.
Brand prominence in cause related marketing: luxury versus non luxury
Year: 2018

Past research on cause related marketing (CRM) suggests that these socially beneficial initiatives can be implemented as co branding strategies. Little is known, however, about the role of brand prominence, in terms of visual conspicuousness of the two brands that are partner involved (for profit and non profit brands) This study aims to advance a model of moderated mediation that explains how and under what circumstances brand prominence disparity enhances consumers' attitudes toward CRM co branded products and increases purchase intention,The authors test a model of moderated mediation in two studies. Study 1 shows that the effectiveness of brand prominence disparity is explained by the mediating role of attitude toward a CRM co branded product. Study 2 demonstrates that this mediation is moderated by the positioning of the for profit brand partner (luxury vs non luxury positioning),Results show that brand prominence disparity has a role in defining consumers' purchase intention toward a CRM co branded product through mediation of attitude. Moreover, positioning of the for profit brand partner moderates the cognitive processes activated by the visual brand prominence. In luxury positioning, a loud visual prominence of the for profit brand significantly improves consumers' attitudes and intentions to buy the CRM co branded product.,The study extends our understanding of how visual brand presence can promote the effectiveness of co branded CRM initiatives, and it offers practical guidelines for marketers wishing to partner with social causes, while promoting products with luxury or non luxury features.
Implementation of a Brain Computer Interface on a Lower Limb Exoskeleton
Venue: IEEE Access
Year: 2018

In this paper, we propose to use brain computer interface (BCI) to control a lower limb exoskeleton. The exoskeleton follows the wearer's motion intention through decoding of electroencephalography (EEG) signals and multi modal cognition. Motion patterns as standing up, sitting down, and walking forward can be performed. We implemented two types of BCIs, one based on steady state visual evoked potentials, which used canonical correlation analysis to extract the frequency the subject focused on. The other BCI is based on motor imagery, where the common spatial patterns method was employed to extract the features from the EEG signal. Then, the features were classified by support vector machine to recognize the intention of the subject. We invited four healthy subjects to participate in the experiments, including off line and online. The off line experiments trained the classifier and then were used online to test the performance of the BCI controlled exoskeleton system. The results showed high accuracy rate in motion intention classification tasks for both BCIs.
The Pain of Combat for Mexican American Veterans: A Cohort Analysis of Vietnam and Iraq/Afghanistan Veterans
Year: 2015

of a thesis at the University of Miami. Thesis supervised by Professor Linda Liska Belgrave. No. of pages in text. (95) The pain from combat as associated with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a rising epidemic amongst Mexican Americans. According to a study conducted by the United States (U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) in 1990, Hispanics have higher rates of PTSD than whites, 28% to 14% respectively (Loo 2014) This study uses grounded theory as methodology to examine the meanings given to pain, the meanings given to labels associated with pain, and the overall experience of male Mexican American veterans. This study bridges existing gaps in the literature and serves as an important step in unraveling the influence of ethnicity on social meanings. Through twenty six interviews, this study compares and contrasts the notions of both physical and emotional pain of PTSD among Vietnam, Iraq, and Afghanistan veterans. In search of the definition of physical and emotional pain for MexicanAmerican veterans, this study explicitly assesses the meanings of pain of two cohorts; Vietnam and Iraq/Afghanistan veterans. Research questions addressed in this study are as follows: what are the meanings of pain, what does it mean to live with pain or in pain, are the meanings of pain stable or fluid, and what are the implications for having stationary or fluid meanings of pain for Mexican American veterans. These research questions address whether the findings are generalized across second generation Mexican American veterans and the impact acculturation. Furthermore, this study evaluates whether differences in conflict or time of military experience, across the same racial and ethnic group, create different health beliefs. Findings suggest that pain is a physical and emotional phenomenon. Pain influences how a person sees himself and how others see him. The sensations of pain are intertwined with the processes of coping, disconnection, guilt, and masculinity. Pain is the overarching experience which serves as a lens of analysis for the themes explored in this study. Pain leads to, and is a key component of, the transforming self.
GRAVITY, AEROMAGNETIC AND ELECTROMAGNETIC STUDY OF THE GOLD AND PYRITE MINERALIZED ZONES IN THE HAILE MINE AREA, KERSHAW, SOUTH CAROLINA
Year: 2019

New high resolution gravity, electromagnetic (EM) and magnetic data are tested for the detection of disseminated sulfides in the area of the Haile Gold Mine, South Carolina. Geophysical interpretations were constrained with densities and mineral concentrations measured for 49,183 samples from 448 drill holes. Positive residual gravity anomalies from spectral analysis correlate with the mineralized ore zone. Similar correlations between positive anomalies and the ore zones are observed in the first vertical derivative of Bouguer anomaly and tilt derivatives of the residual gravity. Euler deconvolution of the gravity field also shows numerous shallow sources in the ore zone. Drill core measurements show that metasediments (Richtex unit) (2.76 g/cm3) and gold bearing samples (2.73 g/cm3) are slightly denser than metavolcanics (Persimmon Fork Formation) (2.69 g/cm3) Correlation coefficients for sample density and mineral percentages are pyrite (0.18) and sericite (0.15) indicating that pyrite is the main mineral increasing sample density. 2D forward gravity models constrained by dense drilling match the predicted depth range of density anomalies from Euler deconvolution. Drilling results confirm a spatial correlation between high densities, high pyrite concentrations, and the mineralized zones. High conductivity anomalies are observed over the Haile ore zone as well as over the metasediments. Core drilling and 2D inversion show that high conductivity anomalies coincide with zones of high pyrite concentrations. The magnetic field is dominated by anomalies produced by granite plutons 3 km north and 5 km west of Haile and northwest trending Jurassic diabase dikes. East northeast trending linear anomalies have been sampled and dated as Alleghanian lamprophyre dikes providing the first magnetic map of these intrusions in the southeastern United States.
Whither economic evaluation in the case of COVID 19: What can the field of mental health economics contribute within the Australian context?
Venue: The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry
Year: 2020

COVID 19 has resulted in broad impacts on the economy and aspects of daily life including our collective mental health and well being. The Australian health care system already faces limitations in its ability to treat people with mental health diagnoses. Australia has responded to the COVID 19 outbreak by, among other initiatives, providing reimbursement for telehealth services. However, it is unclear if these measures will be enough to manage the psychological distress, depression, anxiety and post traumatic distress shown to accompany infectious disease outbreaks and economic shocks. Decision making has focused on the physical health ramifications of COVID 19, the avoidance of over burdening the health care system and saving lives. We propose an alternative framework for decision making that combines life years saved with impacts on quality of life. A framework that simultaneously includes mental health and broader economic impacts into a single decision making process would facilitate transparent and accountable decision making that can improve the overall welfare of Australian society as we continue to address the considerable challenges that the COVID 19 pandemic is creating.
Gamification Elements used in Employee Retention and Enhancing Employee Productivity
Year: 2018

Nowadays in IT industries retention of employees is a crucial task. Companies try hard to have win win situation so that both the employees as well as the companies get mutual benefit. Most of the employees tend to change companies regularly as there is no growth in their careers, non availability of challenging roles and lack of recognition. Another Important problem is to increase the employee's productivity. Most of the roles are saturated as employees keep doing the same work daily and no new challenges have been introduced in their work, to motivate their employees. This paper helps to understand and compare what all elements the IT companies are using to retain their employees and increase the productivity of the company. This study consider some of the reputed companies in the IT industry, comparing their Gamification elements with each other and finding the effective ones.
Business development in the early stages of commercializing disruptive innovation: considering the implications of Moore's life cycle model and Christensen's model of disruptive innovation
Year: 2017

This article discusses business development (BD) as an activity different from selling or key account management, intended to find and develop new revenue opportunities. The case is made that BD's role is particularly important in the commercialization of disruptive innovations innovations that disrupt the current infrastructure of market structure of an industry. The authors present the results of a comparison of two popular conceptual models of the commercialization of disruptive innovation: Moore's technology adoption life cycle (TALC) and Christensen's model of disruptive innovation (MDI) This comparison is limited to the early part of each model, covering the period from the beginning of commercialization to the point at which rapid growth in sales is established. Each model draws implications for marketing actions to expand beyond first customers and grow sales. However, the two models taken together make the implications for marketing actions unfeasible in some way. This article raises several research questions and considerations for methodology, to better understand these commercialization processes. The article also suggests that "BD" exploratory customer contact to find, learn about, and address opportunities is a way to overcome problems that emerge from the comparison of the models.
Le noircissement dentaire volontaire rituel esthetique et de prophylaxie dentaire
Year: 2019

Le laquage dentaire ou noircissement dentaire, teeth blackening plus justement designe en anglais, appartient anthropologiquement a la categorie de mutilations dentaires additives. Rite de passage a l'age adulte et ornement esthetique, les femmes surtout mais aussi les hommes se colorent depuis plusieurs siecles les dents en noir. Cette pratique, qui tend a disparaitre avec la mondialisation et l'influence grandissante de l'occident sur les moeurs, est retrouvee dans de nombreuses ethnies sur plusieurs continents. Elle peut prendre differentes formes, allant d'un processus complexe de superpositions de couches de gomme resine comme on peut en trouver au centre Vietnam, a la simple apposition d'un melange chimique s'apparentant a de l'encre sur les dents au Japon, ou encore l'application d'extraits de plante obtenus par combustion comme aux Andes. Il etait aussi d'usage de croire que le noircissement dentaire contribuait a l'hygiene bucco dentaire et au renforcement des dents contre le risque carieux et les maladies parodontales. L'objectif principal de cette these sera de traiter de ce procede de mutilation et de repondre a la question de savoir si le noircissement dentaire a constitue une methode primitive de prophylaxie dentaire.  Une revue narrative sera effectuee sur des articles pour la plupart ecrits en anglais et en francais issus de revues d'anthropologie du debut du XXeme siecle a nos jours, de revues odontologiques de 1960 a nos jours, de Pubmed de 1980 a nos jours et d'autres sources Internet recentes de 2000 a nos jours.