nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A review of flavonoid quercetin: Metabolism, Bioactivity and antioxidant properties
Year: 2014

Flavonoids belong to a category of polyphenolic com p unds that are produced exclusively in plants. These compounds are able to bring about various bio logical and pharmacological activities in animal ce l s. It is generally believed that most mammals need to consum e polyphenols from plants due to their antioxidant properties in order to stay healthy. The antioxidan ts are essential for protecting the cells from unde rgoing chemical damage due to oxidation. Many compounds ar e known to have both antioxidant and pro oxidant properties. The pro oxidant properties can either b e favourable or detrimental to biological systems a nd can affect the progress of chronic diseases in human be ings. Quercetin, the most plentiful flavonoid, acts as both an antioxidant and a pro oxidant. Currently, there is no reliable method for maintaining a balance betwee n th se two activities in the whole organism. Therefore, th is review focuses on Metabolism, bioactivity and both the antioxidant and pro oxidant effects of flavonoids.
A unified and universal Griffith based criterion for brittle fracture
Year: 2017

Within the framework of continuum fracture mechanics, brittle fracture of a notch is conventionally distinguished from that of a crack due to the absence of stress singularity near the notch root. It is revealed that the fracture stress, which is equal to the ideal strength, effectively describes the brittle fracture from the root of a nano notch; however, it fails below a critical dimensional limit (i.e. an extremely confined stress concentration field of 5 nm) due to the continuum assumption for the discrete atomic systems. On the basis of atomic fracture mechanics accounting for atomic discreteness, surprisingly, the Griffith based criterion which is originally proposed for cracks describes brittle fracture well in non crack systems (notches) even below the critical size. We further demonstrate an ultimate unification of the proposed Griffith based criterion for brittle fracture in both non crack and crack systems even with different shapes for all scales. These results provide an in depth understanding of the inherent nature of brittle fracture, and greatly benefit the safety evaluation and design of brittle failure in wide range of engineering applications.
Genome and transcriptome of the natural isopropanol producer Clostridium beijerinckii DSM6423
Venue: BMC Genomics
Year: 2018

BackgroundThere is a worldwide interest for sustainable and environmentally friendly ways to produce fuels and chemicals from renewable resources. Among them, the production of acetone, butanol and ethanol (ABE) or Isopropanol, Butanol and Ethanol (IBE) by anaerobic fermentation has already a long industrial history. Isopropanol has recently received a specific interest and the best studied natural isopropanol producer is C. beijerinckii DSM 6423 (NRRL B 593) This strain metabolizes sugars into a mix of IBE with only low concentrations of ethanol produced 1 g/L) However, despite its relative ancient discovery, few genomic details have been described for this strain. Research efforts including omics and genetic engineering approaches are therefore needed to enable the use of C. beijerinckii as a microbial cell factory for production of isopropanol.ResultsThe complete genome sequence and a first transcriptome analysis of C. beijerinckii DSM 6423 are described in this manuscript. The combination of MiSeq and de novo PacBio sequencing revealed a 6.38 Mbp chromosome containing 6254 genomic objects. Three Mobile Genetic Elements (MGE) were also detected: a linear double stranded DNA bacteriophage (ph6423) and two plasmids (pNF1 and pNF2) highlighting the genomic complexity of this strain. A first RNA seq transcriptomic study was then performed on 3 independent glucose fermentations. Clustering analysis allowed us to detect some key gene clusters involved in the main life cycle steps (acidogenesis, solvantogenesis and sporulation) and differentially regulated among the fermentation. These putative clusters included some putative metabolic operons comparable to those found in other reference strains such as C. beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 or C. acetobutylicum ATCC 824. Interestingly, only one gene was encoding for an alcohol dehydrogenase converting acetone into isopropanol, suggesting a single genomic event occurred on this strain to produce isopropanol.ConclusionsWe present the full genome sequence of Clostridium beijerinckii DSM 6423, providing a complete genetic background of this strain. This offer a great opportunity for the development of dedicated genetic tools currently lacking for this strain. Moreover, a first RNA seq analysis allow us to better understand the global metabolism of this natural isopropanol producer, opening the door to future targeted engineering approaches.
Comparative Studies on Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Adult Females Trespassing Commercial Nets
Venue: Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association
Year: 2010

The abilities of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus females in trespassing 5 different commercial nets, 2 nets impregnated with deltamethrin or permethrin and 3 non impregnated nets (Guarany, Perame, and Ricca) were compared. The evaluating parameters were their percent trespassing success, the median trespassing time (TT50) and the relation between mosquito wing sizes and their trespassing success. Some mosquito behavioral traits were also observed. The trespassing success, directly related to opening areas, was found to be lower with impregnated nets for both species. The differences between the mosquito species were significant among all the nets except Ricca. Aedes albopictus showed a very high success rate in trespassing the non impregnated Perame net and a lower success rate in trespassing Guarany. Aedes albopictus also showed a very high success rate in trespassing pyrethroid impregnated nets. The TT50 values for the Ricca and Guarany nets were not significantly different between the species, but a significantly lower TT50 value was found for the net with the largest opening (Ricca) The smaller wingspan of Ae. albopictus seems to explain the higher trespassing success of this species.
Ultra Low Bit Rate Facial Coding Hybrid Model Based on Saliency Detection
Year: 2015

Aiming at getting high quality image sequences in real time video chat applications at very low bit rate, we propose an improved model based video coding system in this paper. Instead of detecting human faces with conventional ways, we detect salient regions in the frames using Boolean Map based Saliency (BMS) method to locate the faces. After facial feature extraction by AAM, we transmit the DPCM of the eyes and mouth directly instead of time consuming facial expression estimation. The new approach we proposed is more suitable for real time and the simulation below indicates the proposed algorithm is effective and feasible.
IoT in Education: Its Impacts and Its Future in Saudi Universities and Educational Environments
Venue: First International Conference on Sustainable Technologies for Computational Intelligence
Year: 2019

Currently, there has been a growing concern in the Internet of Things especially in education that allows physical objects (things) sensors and actuators to communicate via the Internet, which has changed universities and educational institutions. By using Internet of Things, universities can create a sophisticated environment for its learners and staff. So, this paper proposes a literature review to illustrate the impact of Internet of Things on the educational environment. It also aims to examine user acceptance toward this technology within Saudi universities and educational institutions by using the Technology Acceptance Model which encourage them to use this technology. Overall, the results reveal that Internet of Things has been a positive impact on the educational process and university campuses. Also, there is a strong agreement among the study individuals on the future of the Internet of Things in Saudi Arabia regarding the perceived usefulness and the ease of use of this technology.
Physical education cultures in Sweden: fitness, sports, dancing learning?
Year: 2015

In a significant article from 1993, Crum describes the purpose of physical education (PE) as a 'planned introduction into movement culture' In broad terms, this purpose is tantamount to the stated purpose of Swedish PE in national steering documents. Crum contends, however, that physical educators do not prioritise learning, which is largely due to the different 'movement cultures' that constitute the PE lessons. This article explores how practice unfolds in movement cultures that are included in Swedish PE and their implications for teaching and learning in the subject. Some 30 (indoor) PE lessons in eight secondary schools in four cities throughout Sweden were video recorded. At 'first glance' these lessons indicated the prevalence of four logics of practice: a physical training logic, a sports logic, a sport technique logic and a dance logic. However, further analysis revealed that the teachers' and students' actions were not entirely in line with a logic of practice of training the body, winning the game, learning sporting skills or learning to dance. Instead, the PE practice largely unfolded as a 'looks like practice' where the purpose of teaching was blurred, and where any 'planned introduction into movement culture' was difficult to identify. In the final section, the authors discuss how physical activity logics can be recontextualised in a PE setting in order to emphasise the educational contribution of PE.
From Big Data to Learning Analytics for a personalized learning experience
Year: 2018

This article describes Learning Analytics (LA) as a predictive and formative approach that enables the planning of educational scenarios in line with students' needs and languages in order to set a priori and in progress systems of control and inspection of the following: consistency, relevance and effectiveness of training objectives, curriculum paths, students' needs and learning outcomes. Thanks to LA, it is possible to understand how students learn. Training courses are designed to include the definition of those learning outcomes that respond effectively to students' needs in terms of contents, methodologies, tools and teaching resources. The present article aims to describe and discuss, after reviewing the relevant literature, in what way LA represents a valid support not only in designing student centred training courses, which assess outcomes, but also in carrying out a formative assessment considering the learning experience as a whole. The analysis of some case studies was a good opportunity to reflect and define the bridge existing between the use of LA for assessment purposes and personalized learning paths.
Liquid biopsy for early detection of lung cancer
Venue: Current opinion in oncology
Year: 2017

The possibility of complete recovery for a lung cancer patient depends on very early diagnosis, as it allows total surgical resection. Screening for this cancer in a high risk population can be performed using a radiological approach, but this holds a certain number of limitations. Liquid biopsy could become an alternative and complementary screening approach to chest imaging for early diagnosis of lung cancer. Recent findings Several circulating biomarkers indicative of lung cancer can be investigated in blood, such as circulating tumor cells, circulating free nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) and proteins. However, none of these biomarkers have yet been adopted in routine clinical practice and studies are ongoing to confirm or not the usefulness and practical interest in routine early diagnosis and screening for lung cancers.  Several potential circulating biomarkers for the early detection of lung cancer exist. When coupled to thoracic imaging, these biomarkers must give diagnosis of a totally resectable lung cancer and potentially provide new recommendations for surveillance by imagery of high risk populations without a detectable nodule. Optimization of the specificity and sensitivity of the detection methods as well as standardization of the techniques is essential before considering for daily practice a liquid biopsy as an early diagnostic tool, or possibly as a predictive test, of lung cancer.
Temporally Folded Convolutional Neural Networks for Sequence Forecasting
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

In this work we propose a novel approach to utilize convolutional neural networks for time series forecasting. The time direction of the sequential data with spatial dimensions $D=1,2$ is considered democratically as the input of a spatiotemporal (D+1) dimensional convolutional neural network. Latter then reduces the data stream from $D +1 \to D$ dimensions followed by an incriminator cell which uses this information to forecast the subsequent time step. We empirically compare this strategy to convolutional LSTM's and LSTM's on their performance on the sequential MNIST and the JSB chorals dataset, respectively. We conclude that temporally folded convolutional neural networks (TFC's) may outperform the conventional recurrent strategies.
Developing a General Video Game AI Controller Based on an Evolutionary Approach
Venue: ACIIDS
Year: 2019

The field of general intelligence is one, where humans can still easily outperform machines. In the context of our work we describe it as the ability to learn an activity, like playing a game, without any prior knowledge of goals and rules. The agent has to learn by doing/playing and examining the consequences of its actions. Many traditional techniques in reinforcement learning, such as SARSA and Q Learning, can provide a good solution to this category of problems. In our paper, however, we propose an alternative method based on evolutionary algorithms to overcome the extensive computing for all state action pairs needed in traditional approaches. We have evaluated various parent selection algorithms and two different fitness functions. "The General Video Game AI Competition" (GVGAI) where contestants submit a playing agent programmed with some learning algorithm to be tested against unknown games, has been used as a benchmark for the performance of our implementation.
Autonomous Unmanned Ground Vehicles for Urban Logistics: Optimization of Last Mile Delivery Operations
Venue: HICSS
Year: 2019

In an era dominated by ongoing urbanization and rising e commerce, the efficient delivery of goods within cities becomes a major challenge. As a new element of urban logistics, we discuss the potential of autonomous unmanned ground vehicles (AUGV) regarding the last mile delivery of shipments to customers. We propose an optimization model to minimize the delivery costs of urban shipments using AUGV. Simultaneously, best locations from a set of existing stations are selected for AUGV positioning and optimal route determination. With our developed Location Routing Problem, we provide decision support for parcel service providers, city authorities, and other relevant decision makers. Regarding the Green Information Systems domain, we tackle the lack of solution oriented research addressing a more sustainable and locally emission free supply of goods within urban areas.
Facial coding as a mean to enable continuous monitoring of student's behavior in e Learning
Venue: teleXbe
Year: 2021

This paper introduces an e learning platform for the management of courses based on MOOCs, able to continuously monitoring student's behavior through facial coding techniques, with a low computational effort client side, and to provide useful insight for the instructor. The system exploits the most recent developments in Deep Learning and Computer Vision for Affective Computing, in compliance with the European GDPR. Taking as input the video capture by the webcam of the device used to attend the course, it: (1) performs continuous student's authentication based on face recognition, (2) monitors the student's level of attention through head orientation tracking and gaze detection analysis, (3) estimates student's emotion during the course attendance. The paper describes the overall system design and reports the results of a preliminary survey, which involved a total of 14 subjects, aimed at investigating user acceptance, in terms of intention to continue using such a system.
Birey Cevre Uyumu Baglaminda Demans Dostu Cevreler Yaratmak ve Yerel Yonetimlere Oneriler
Year: 2019

Amac: Calismanin temel amaci Muratpasa merkezinde yasayan 65 yas ustu bireylerin ikamet ettikleri konutlarin fiziksel uygunlugunu incelemek ve konutlarinda onlari sinirlayan yapisal ozellikleri ve nedenlerini tespit etmek, yerel yonetimler ve kent sakinleri icin konutlar acisindan Demans Dostu Cevre olusturma surecinde bir yol haritasi olusturmaya katki sunmaktir.  Calisma kapsaminda, birey mekan uyumunu ele almak uzere tasarlanan arastirma modelini uygulamak icin "Yas Dostu  Toplumda Yas Dostu Cevreler ve Hizmetler Yaratmak" arastirmasinin mikro verileri kullanilarak ikincil veri analizi gerceklestirilmistir.  Ikincil veri analizi kapsaminda, Muratpasa ilcesinde ikamet eden yaslilarin konut ici alanlarinin ve genel konut alanin risk degerlendirmeleri yapilmis ve mahallelerin nufus yogunluklarina gore demans dostu cevre baglaminda konutici erisilebilirlik uzerine risk haritalandirmalari gerceklestirilmistir. Birey konut iliskisi baglaminda, bireylerin hanehalki yapilari ve demans risk durumlarina dayali olarak konut riskleri arasindaki iliski incelenmistir.  Yapilan analizler ile kent merkezi icerisindeki konut alanlarinin demans dostu cevre degerlendirmesi sonucunda riskleri barindirdigi tespit edilmistir. Turkiye'de ozellikle yerinde yaslanma kavrami onerileri sosyo politik duzlemde siklikla gundeme getirilirken yasli bireylerin var olan kosullarina iliskin bir degerlendirme yapilmamaktadir. Ozellikle demans gibi yalnizca bireyi degil aileyi ve toplumu etkileyen hastaliklarda da yerinde yaslanmanin onerilebilir olmasi icin bireylerin ilk engel ile karsilastiklari konutlarinin erisilebilirliginin saglanmasi onemlidir. Kapsayici tasarim ilkelerine bagli kalinarak kent alanlarinin iyilestirilmesi ve kilit hizmetlere erisimin kolaylastirilmasi gerekmektedir.
Service quality coordination contracts for online shopping service supply chain with competing service providers: integrating fairness and individual rationality
Venue: Oper. Res.
Year: 2019

Service quality coordination is a critical issue of online shopping service supply chain (OSSSC) management. However, such decision making is problematic due to the behavior of channel members with characteristics of individual rationality and concerns of fairness. The two characteristics matter much to the performance and service quality of the supply chain. Therefore, a service quality coordination contract for the OSSSC should be designed based on these two behavioral elements. This paper proposes two novel models, which take into account the two important elements mentioned above and designs coordination contracts for the OSSSC with two competing third party logistics (TPL) companies and a single online store. Equilibrium decisions in two benchmark scenarios (decentralized and centralized control) were analyzed, revealing that the use of a traditional price only contract cannot appropriately coordinate the supply chain. Both proposed contracts can be used to realize global and partial coordination of the OSSSC, respectively. This is caused since both models utilize the game theory to achieve unification of individual and collective rationality, and fair allocation of the system surplus profits based on individual decisions. Numerical experiments were conducted to examine the impact of the intensity of the competition between both TPL companies on their decisions and the attention of the online store to the ratio of service level to the service price on the coordination effect.
Habit and hedonic motivation are the strongest influences in mobile learning behaviours among higher education students in Malaysia
Venue: Australasian Journal of Educational Technology
Year: 2019

Mobile learning has become a common experience in higher education and in the professional workforce. However, the readiness of accounting students to engage in such learning appears to be weaker than in other disciplines. Therefore, this study set out to identify the factors affecting accounting students' behavioural intention (BI) to accept mobile learning. The participants of this study were 358 accounting students of public universities in Malaysia. The study was anchored in the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2) (Venkatesh, Thong Xu, 2012) which has been employed by researchers in various research areas such as mobile payments, e learning, mobile banking, and online shopping. The study revealed that habits have the most influence on accounting students' intention to adopt mobile learning through an investigation of technology acceptance in the domain of mobile learning. From the perspective of universities, the study posits that consistent usage of mobile learning could be encouraged through processes to nurture students' habits when using mobile learning system as a tool to complete tasks. Findings provide a reference for the future UTAUT2 and mobile learning related studies.
Numerical Simulation of the High Voltage Switch Operating in a Self Breakdown Mode
Venue: 2018 26th Telecommunications Forum (TELFOR)
Year: 2018

In this article we construct the model of a highvoltage switch. The proposed model is based on the drift diffusion approximation and it is constructed according to the principles of a two moment discharge plasma model. Using this model, it is possible calculating the time dependent characteristics of the switching process with high accuracy both in a simplified one dimensional formulation as well as in the realistic two dimensional axisymmetric configuration. The obtained numerical results perfectly fit with the experimental data of switching process and the triggering stability.
Analyzing the effect of government subsidy on shippers' mode switching behavior in the Belt and Road strategic context
Venue: Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review
Year: 2019

The Chinese government is offering subsidies to promote the recently developed China Europe rail freight corridor under its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) Despite significant subsidies, the rail mode (China Railway Express) continues to struggle with low load factor. Accordingly, a competition model (rail vs. maritime) grounded on game theoretic technique is proposed to analyze the effect of the government subsidy on shippers' mode switching (from maritime to rail) behavior. Analytical results based on a case of China Germany rail freight transportation describe shippers' mode switching patterns in response to a mode subsidy and suggest a subsidy scheme for the government.