nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Ambassadors of hope, research pioneers and agents of change individuals' expectations and experiences of taking part in a randomised trial of an innovative health technology: longitudinal qualitative study
Venue: Trials
Year: 2019

BackgroundWhile a growing body of research has explored why people take part in clinical trials, this research has not considered how people's understandings, motivations and agendas might influence their conduct during a trial. This is an important area of enquiry because it is now widely recognised that an intervention might lead to different clinical outcomes when delivered as part of a trial than when implemented in routine clinical practice; however, the reasons for this are not fully understood.designWe interviewed 24 individuals who took part in a trial of an innovative health technology under development for people with type 1 diabetes which automatically regulates blood glucose: the closed loop system. Participants were interviewed following randomisation to a closed loop and at trial closeout.ResultsParticipants provided complex agendas for taking part in which altruistic and self interested considerations were often inseparable. Many described belonging to a wider diabetes community and being beneficiaries of others' participation in research and how this had given rise to attendant citizenship obligations. Participants also shared the excitement and pride they experienced from contributing to research which situated them at the forefront of technological innovation and enabled them to present themselves to others, by virtue of their trial participation, as ambassadors of hope and research pioneers. Given their desire to support the progression of a potentially life changing technology, and be part of that innovation, participants, at follow up, described having made extra effort during the trial. Specifically, participants described having been more focused on their diabetes management to help create conditions in which the closed loop could work most effectively to optimize their blood glucose control.ConclusionsOur findings contribute a new dimension to understandings of trial effects; specifically, we argue that, to aid interpretation of trial outcomes, participants' understandings and motivations for participation need to be considered. We highlight the potential pertinence of our findings in the contemporary era of bio citizenship where, increasingly, people are driving research agendas and see themselves as co producers of knowledge. We also recommend a new concept be introduced into the literature 'the altruselfish agenda' to recognise potential inseparability of self interested and altruistic motivations.
Aplicacion de la Metodologia SMED para el incremento de la eficiencia de una maquina empacadora de esponjas y panos en una empresa productora de articulos para el cuidado y limpieza del hogar
Year: 2018

This research is developed in the production area of a company that manufactures and markets products for the care and cleaning of the home, through Pareto analysis in the amount of supplies and available hours it was identified that the packing machine produces the 40 of inputs of the production area. It seeks to improve the production process by reducing the time of format changes through the analysis of stops in the Pareto diagram where it was identified that the most representative stops are due to the time of format change, therefore the application of the SMED methodology will be applied for the reduction of the time of change of format in order to increase the availability of equipment, likewise it was identified through the analysis of the historical quality report that the quantity of defective parts was a representative quantity so which apply various improvements resulting from the action plans of the application of the SMED methodology. Finally, through the increase in availability and the number of parts in good condition, the increase in the OEE indicator will be achieved, resulting in an increase in plant capacity, reduction in production costs and an increase in competitiveness.
Causal Discovery from Incomplete Data using An Encoder and Reinforcement Learning
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

Discovering causal structure among a set of variables is a fundamental problem in many domains. However, state of the art methods seldom consider the possibility that the observational data has missing values (incomplete data) which is ubiquitous in many real world situations. The missing value will significantly impair the performance and even make the causal discovery algorithms fail. In this paper, we propose an approach to discover causal structures from incomplete data by using a novel encoder and reinforcement learning (RL) The encoder is designed for missing data imputation as well as feature extraction. In particular, it learns to encode the currently available information (with missing values) into a robust feature representation which is then used to determine where to search the best graph. The encoder is integrated into a RL framework that can be optimized using the actor critic algorithm. Our method takes the incomplete observational data as input and generates a causal structure graph. Experimental results on synthetic and real data demonstrate that our method can robustly generate causal structures from incomplete data. Compared with the direct combination of data imputation and causal discovery methods, our method performs generally better and can even obtain a performance gain as much as 43.2%
Preserving Privacy as Social Responsibility in Online Social Networks
Venue: ACM Trans. Internet Techn.
Year: 2018

Online social networks provide an environment for their users to share content with others, where the user who shares a content item is put in charge, generally ignoring others that might be affected by it. However, a content that is shared by one user can very well violate the privacy of other users. To remedy this, ideally, all users who are related to a content should get a say in how the content should be shared. Recent approaches advocate the use of agreement technologies to enable stakeholders of a post to discuss the privacy configurations of a post. This allows related individuals to express concerns so that various privacy violations are avoided up front. Existing techniques try to establish an agreement on a single post. However, most of the time, agreement should be established over multiple posts such that the user can tolerate slight breaches of privacy in return of a right to share posts themselves in future interactions. As a result, users can help each other preserve their privacy, viewing this as their social responsibility. This article develops a reciprocity based negotiation for reaching privacy agreements among users and introduces a negotiation architecture that combines semantic privacy rules with utility functions. We evaluate our approach over multiagent simulations with software agents that mimic users based on a user study.
An Integrated Framework for Vision Based Relative Localization and Bandwidth Allocation
Venue: 2020 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps
Year: 2020

The provision of an accurate and efficient localization system is of great significance to Internet of Vehicles (IoV) In view of its promising applications including formation control and autonomous driving, the vision based localization mechanism has attracted intensive attention for its outstanding performance in terms of accuracy and flexibility. However, the high mobility and fast switching features of IoV put a strain on communication resources, which can impair the real time transmission of high quality images for cooperative localization. In this paper, we propose ajoint position sensing and bandwidthconstrained communication framework for vision localization. First, we derive the relative squared position error bound (SPEB) by implementing subspace projection on the Fisher information matrix (FIM) of absolute positions given quantized observations. Then we exploit the relative geometry of vehicles and images to develop two localization algorithms, which estimate the relative positions of vehicles by incorporating the idea of Euclidean distance matrix. The effectiveness of the proposed localization algorithms is verified via numerical simulations, which offers guidelines for joint sensing and communication in future IoV scenarios.
Stephen M. Croucher and Tina M. Harris (Eds. Religion Communication: An Anthology of Extensions in Theory, Research, Method
Year: 2015

Scholarship on communication and religion has increased substantially over the last several decades. Currently, there are two journals devoted explicitly to communication and religion: the Journal of Communication and Religion, sponsored by the Religious Communication Association, covering all aspects of communication and religion, and the Journal of Media and Religion, targeting a specific area of the communication field. Several edited volumes devoted to specific aspects of communication and religion, including religion and mediated communication (e.g. Geybels, Mels, Walvare, 2009; Hoover Clark, 2002) the interrelationship of evangelicalism and communicative elements of popular culture (Woods, 2013) Augustine and philosophy of communication (Troup, 2014) interreligious dialogue (Brown, 2013) and religion in the digital sphere (Campbell, 2013) offer detailed insights and new theoretical approaches to help us understand the constitutive, constituted, causal, shaping, and=or formative role of religion, faith perspectives, belief systems, and worldviews in communicative activity.  An Anthology of Extensions in Theory, Research, and Method, edited by Stephen M. Croucher and Tina M. Harris, contributes to this ongoing conversation by offering an eclectic collection addressing the intersection of religion and communication across a range of contexts. This ambitious volume, designed to offer exemplary treatments of areas that are part of the expansive literature in communication and religion and illustrating the 'complex nature of communication and how it is used Mass Communication and Society, 18:851 854, 2015  Division of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication ISSN: 1520 5436 print=1532 7825 online DOI: 10.1080/15205436.2014.933849
An Online Water Army Detection Method Based on Network Hot Events
Venue: 2018 10th International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation (ICMTMA)
Year: 2018

With the advent of the mobile Internet era, large numbers of online water army active in the network are driven by interests. Spread network rumors and false information against network incidents, seriously disturbing the normal network order and affecting social harmony and stability. We analyzed the rumor publishing, dissemination and trace back process in social platforms. This paper proposes a query algorithm for similarity of text content. Based on the principle of rumor propagation, emotion analysis of texts and the characteristics of network public opinions, this paper studies the evolvement of network hot events over time, and proposes a set of detection methods based on current network events. The results show that the analysis of the rumors of the Online water army can reveal the evolving trend of network events well. Our method can achieve an accuracy of 93% in the Sina Weibo, which is of considerable reference value for realizing the automatic discovery of network public opinion hot spots and follow up intelligent tracking.
Can We Give Seated Users in Virtual Reality the Sensation of Standing or Even Walking? Do We Want To?
Venue: 2020 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)
Year: 2020

VR is often experienced in a seated position, similar to 3D video games, that almost exclusively are. The reasons for this are diverse and can go beyond just being more comfortable [18] Interestingly, even when users are physically seated, often designers try to simulate standing and moving experiences, using head bobbing and other ways to make users believe they are walking. Does this actually work? Can we get seated users to believe they are standing, walking, or even running? Moreover, is trying to provide the illusion of being standing or moving while being seated even relevant and helpful? Does it improve user experience or performance? Or might it be more effective just to be "honest" and ensure that the virtual locomotion metaphor matches the users' physical posture? In this extended abstract, we aim to explore these little researched questions and analyze different situations and scenarios, hoping to help motivate future research and discussion on this topic.
Greenhouse gas emissions during timber and concrete building construction A scenario based comparative case study
Year: 2018

Greenhouse gas (GHG) is a major air emission pollutant that creates environmental burden in buildings. Timber buildings are gaining notable popularity in the building industry due to life cycle environmental and economic benefits over conventional buildings. However, little or no studies have made attempts to compare greenhouse gas emission variations in timber and concrete buildings during the construction stage. Knowledge of emission at the construction stage is critical for passionate contractors who wants to maintain an environmental friendly built environment. The study presented in this paper aims to compare GHG emissions and energy consumptions during timber and concrete building construction. A process based quantitative assessment is conducted for evaluating emissions from materials, equipment and transportation stages. The comparative results of the study indicated that use of timber can reduce embodied emissions as well as transportation emissions during the construction stage. Scenario analyses results comprehends that recycling of materials and use of regional materials influence GHG emissions the most while transportation distance has medium effect on total GHG emissions at the construction stage of timber building. The results of the study are important in aggregate level decision making of timber and concrete buildings. Further studies are encouraged on conducting comprehensive assessment of different timber usages in a building to investigate the GHG emission variation.
Mechanical design and performance specifications of anthropomorphic prosthetic hands: a review.
Venue: Journal of rehabilitation research and development
Year: 2013

In this article, we set forth a detailed analysis of the mechanical characteristics of anthropomorphic prosthetic hands. We report on an empirical study concerning the performance of several commercially available myoelectric prosthetic hands, including the Vincent, iLimb, iLimb Pulse, Bebionic, Bebionic v2, and Michelangelo hands. We investigated the finger design and kinematics, mechanical joint coupling, and actuation methods of these commercial prosthetic hands. The empirical findings are supplemented with a compilation of published data on both commercial and prototype research prosthetic hands. We discuss numerous mechanical design parameters by referencing examples in the literature. Crucial design trade offs are highlighted, including number of actuators and hand complexity, hand weight, and grasp force. Finally, we offer a set of rules of thumb regarding the mechanical design of anthropomorphic prosthetic hands.
Terms Photometry of Known Transiting Exoplanets
Year: 2011

The Transit Ephemeris Refinement and Monitoring Survey conducts radial velocity and photometric monitoring of known exoplanets in order to refine planetary orbits and predictions of possible transit times. This effort is primarily directed toward planets not known to transit, but a small sample of our targets consists of known transiting systems. Here we present precision photometry for six WASP (Wide Angle Search for Planets) planets acquired during their transit windows. We perform a Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis for each planet and combine these data with previous measurements to redetermine the period and ephemerides for these planets. These observations provide recent mid transit times which are useful for scheduling future observations. Our results improve the ephemerides of WASP 4b, WASP 5b, and WASP 6b and reduce the uncertainties on the mid transit time for WASP 29b. We also confirm the orbital, stellar, and planetary parameters of all six systems.
Distributed solar desalination by membrane distillation: current status and future perspectives.
Venue: Water research
Year: 2021

Membrane distillation (MD) has been proven promising in solar driven desalination. Moreover, its unique characteristics such as simple process, module compactness, high salt rejection rate, etc. allow for a small scale device in a distributed system. Both theoretical and experimental researches on the coupling between solar collectors and MD aiming at compact and autonomous desalination system have been devoted to enhance freshwater productivity and energy efficiency. In this paper, certain critical gaps are summarized upon a panoramic review of the current status, including limited production and energy performance compared with commercial scale desalination, unclear relation between solar collecting area and membrane area, and few discussions on efficient condensation, etc. To tackle these challenges, perspectives on the essential future research directions are proposed. Solar direct heating and solar concentration constitute the possible resolution to enhance solar energy utilization for higher water production, which also raise the question of optimizing solar/MD areas. Meanwhile, module stacking, module internal heat recovery and external evaporation heat recovery are deemed prospective in further reducing MD energy consumption. Subsequently, an enhanced vapor condensation needs more exploration. Those aspects and a potential combination among them are the main tasks in the near future, together with more field tests on small distributed solar driven MD systems.
Les traitements pharmacologiques des douleurs neuropathiques
Year: 2019

Resume La douleur neuropathique est definie comme une douleur provoquee par une pathologie ou une lesion affectant le systeme nerveux somatosensoriel. Le developpement des douleurs neuropathiques est du a de nombreux mecanismes physiopathologiques complexes touchant les voies de transmission de la douleur. Des etiologies variees rendent complexe la prise en charge de ces douleurs, ainsi, de nombreux patients ne recoivent pas de traitement pharmacologique adapte. En 2015 a ete publiee une revision des precedentes recommandations du groupe de travail de l'association internationale pour l'etude de la douleur (International Association for the Study of Pain [IASP] specialise dans les douleurs neuropathiques (NeuPSIG) concernant la prise en charge de ces dernieres. Ce travail est base sur une revue systematique et une meta analyse des etudes randomisees en double insu evaluant l'efficacite des traitements per os et percutanes des douleurs neuropathiques. Une evaluation de chaque traitement a ete realisee selon la methode grading of recommandations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) ce qui a permis un classement des medicaments selon le niveau de preuve de leur efficacite. Ainsi, les medicaments de premiere intention sont la gabapentine et la pregabaline, les inhibiteurs de la recapture de la noradrenaline et de la serotonine ainsi que les antidepresseurs tricycliques. Les patchs de capsaicine et de lidocaine sont des medicaments de seconde intention, tandis que le tramadol et les opioides forts sont a utiliser en troisieme intention. Ce travail a egalement permis d'identifier des traitements pharmacologiques non recommandes, voire deconseilles en raison d'un faible niveau de preuve, d'une efficacite insuffisante ou d'effets indesirables trop importants. L'objectif du present article est de presenter ces differents traitements et de detailler leurs mecanismes d'action.
Life Cycle Assessment of Fluidized Bed Biofilm Reactor for Palm Oil Mill Effluent Treatment
Year: 2020

Fluidized bed biofilm reactor (FBR) is a high rate wastewater treatment process demonstrating several advantages over the conventional activated sludge or suspended growth. Rapid removal of pollutants, smaller footprint, high biomass hold up, extremely long sludge retention time (SRT) and high removal efficiency are among the well known benefits. The aerobic version has remarkably good performance in secondary treatment, nitriand denitrification, and polishing of various wastewaters. However, high energy consumption to achieve fluidization of the carrier material and to provide sufficient oxygen has been a major drawback for the technology, especially the aerobic version. Also, environmental impact associated with the palm oil industry is unique and rather important among the Southeast Asian countries like Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand. A study was hence formulated to address the environmental pollution related issues of treating palm oil mill effluent (POME) using aerobic FBR. A 12 litres FBR system comprised of storage tank, FBR column, and clarifier was operated for a period of 6 months in continuous mode to determine its efficiency in POME treatment. Using activated carbon derived from palm kernel shell, the system was fed with partially treated POME to resemble a wastewater polishing process. The wastewater quality and biomass concentrations were periodically monitored to determine the removal efficiencies. To evaluate the subsequent environmental impacts, a gate to gate life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted on the basis of per cycle bioreactor run. Impact assessments were calculated with Gabi 6.0 software by using ReCiPe version 1.07. Experimental data obtained from the bioreactor operation were used to accomplish the life cycle inventory (LCI) analysis, and the following impact categories were highlighted: climate change, ozone depletion, freshwater ecotoxicity, freshwater eutrophication, fossil depletion, and metal depletion. Finally, a prospective is made about which FBR design criteria require further consideration to minimize the environmental consequences besides accomplishing wastewater treatment.
Small gaps between primes
Year: 2013

We introduce a renement of the GPY sieve method for studying prime k tuples and small gaps between primes. This renement avoids previous limitations of the method and allows us to show that for each k, the prime k tuples conjecture holds for a positive proportion of admissible k tuples. In particular, lim infn(pn+m pn) <1 for every integer m. We also show that lim inf(pn+1 pn) 600 and, if we assume the Elliott Halberstam conjecture, that lim infn(pn+1 pn) 12 and lim infn(pn+2 pn) 600.
Varying coefficient models as Mixed Models reparametrization methods and bayesian estimation
Year: 2013

Non linear relationships are accommodated in a regression model using smoothing functions. Interaction may occurs between continuous variable, in this case interaction between nonlinear and linear covariate leads to varying coefficent model (VCM) a subclass of generalized additive model. Additive models can be estimated as generalized linear mixed models, after being reparametrized. In this article we show three different type of matrix design for mixed model for VCM, by applying b spline smoothing functions. An application on real data is provided and model estimates re computed with a Bayesian approach.