nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
JSKernel: Fortifying JavaScript against Web Concurrency Attacks via a Kernel Like Structure
Venue: 2020 50th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (DSN)
Year: 2020

As portals to the Internet, web browsers constitute prominent targets for attacks. Existing defenses that redefine web APIs typically capture information related to a single JavaScript function. Thus, they fail to defend against the so called web concurrency attacks that use multiple interleaved functions to trigger a browser vulnerability. In this paper, we propose JSKernel, the first generic framework that introduces a kernel concept into JavaScript to defend against web concurrency attacks. The JavaScript kernel, inspired from operating system concepts, enforces the execution order of JavaScript events and threads to fortify security. We implement a prototype of JSKernel deployable as add on extensions to three widely used web browsers, namely Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Microsoft Edge. These open source extensions are available at (https:/github.com/jskernel2019/jskernel) along with a usability demo at (https:/jskernel2019.github.io/ Our evaluation shows the prototype to be robust to web concurrency attacks, fast, and backward compatible with legacy websites.
A Sticky Weighted Regression Model for Time Varying Resting State Brain Connectivity Estimation
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
Year: 2015

Despite recent progress on brain connectivity modeling using neuroimaging data such as fMRI, most current approaches assume that brain connectivity networks have time invariant topology/coefficients. This is clearly problematic as the brain is inherently nonstationary. Here, we present a time varying model to investigate the temporal dynamics of brain connectivity networks. The proposed method allows for abrupt changes in network structure via a fused least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) scheme, as well as recovery of time varying networks with smoothly changing coefficients via a weighted regression technique. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed method yields improved accuracy on estimating time dependent connectivity patterns when compared to a static sparse regression model or a weighted time varying regression model. When applied to real resting state fMRI datasets from Parkinson's disease (PD) and control subjects, significantly different temporal and spatial patterns were found to be associated with PD. Specifically, PD subjects demonstrated reduced network variability over time, which may be related to impaired cognitive flexibility previously reported in PD. The temporal dynamic properties of brain connectivity in PD subjects may provide insights into brain dynamics associated with PD and may serve as a potential biomarker in future studies.
Four point bending over bending straightening process method for large shaft tube parts
Year: 2012

The invention relates to a four point bending over bending straightening process method for large shaft tube parts and is characterized in that two lower dies are arranged on a workbench of a forming press, two upper dies are connected to a beam of the forming press, and a shaft tube part is placed among the two upper dies and the two lower dies under the beam of the forming press; the distance between the two lower dies is determined by calculation, the distance between the two upper dies is determined by calculation, and the positions of the upper dies above the lower dies, and the rolling reduction of the two upper dies are determined by calculation; the distance between the two upper dies and the distance between the two lower dies are respectively adjusted to the expected position; then, the shaft tube part is pressed, after the pressing is finished, the upper dies move upwards along with the beam of the forming press; and whether the straightness of the shaft tube part meets requirements or not is inspected, if not, the steps are repeatedly carried out until the requirements are met. The four point bending over bending straightening process method for the large shaft tube parts has the advantages that the finally finished shaft tube part is deformed uniformly and realizes smooth transition, and the straightness of the parts better meets the requirements; residual stress existing in the parts is smaller, and the distribution of the residual stress is uniform; and meanwhile, the forming cycle is shortened, and the working efficiency is improved.
Real time sensors for live monitoring of disease and drug analysis in microfluidic model of proximal tubule
Year: 2020

The quest to replace animal models used in drug testing owing to their lack of accuracy in reflecting human physiology, and the higher comparative cost and time involved in testing with such animal models has given rise to the organ on a chip technology. Organ on a chip based microphysiological systems are flexible and can be engineered to specifically mimic desired organs and tissue types for the drug discovery and development process. Kidney specific and non specific drugs either directly or indirectly affect the kidneys' function by inducing kidney injury. It is quite challenging to integrate electrochemical sensors in the microphysiological systems for continuous monitoring of micro environment metabolism. We present a theranostic proximal tubule on a chip model for live monitoring of cellular growth pattern. The sensors monitored real time changes under disease condition and drug treatment based upon cell adhesion and culture medium pH. A glass based microfluidic chip was designed with integrated transparent electrodes for transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) monitoring. Additionally, an optical pH sensor and a microscope have been added in the platform for the real time monitoring of the tissue. This model has the potential to study the absorption and metabolism of the drug along with the capacity to complete and optimize its toxicity assessment.
A Convolutional Neural Network for Real time Face Detection and Emotion Gender Classification
Year: 2020

We implement a general Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to design a real time model and validates our model by creating a real time vision that accomplishes the task of face detection, gender, and emotion classification simultaneously. We got accuracies of 95% in the IMDB WIKI age and gender dataset and 66% in the FER emotion recognition dataset. We have used a real time guided back propagation technique to visualize the weighed of real time CNN that uncovered the dynamic weight change and evaluate the learning feature. We think in the modern CNN architecture regularization and visualization of previously hidden layer features are necessary to reduce the gap between slow performances and real time architecture.
Few Shot Adversarial Domain Adaptation
Venue: NIPS
Year: 2017

This work provides a framework for addressing the problem of supervised domain adaptation with deep models. The main idea is to exploit adversarial learning to learn an embedded subspace that simultaneously maximizes the confusion between two domains while semantically aligning their embedding. The supervised setting becomes attractive especially when there are only a few target data samples that need to be labeled. In this few shot learning scenario, alignment and separation of semantic probability distributions is difficult because of the lack of data. We found that by carefully designing a training scheme whereby the typical binary adversarial discriminator is augmented to distinguish between four different classes, it is possible to effectively address the supervised adaptation problem. In addition, the approach has a high speed of adaptation, i.e. it requires an extremely low number of labeled target training samples, even one per category can be effective. We then extensively compare this approach to the state of the art in domain adaptation in two experiments: one using datasets for handwritten digit recognition, and one using datasets for visual object recognition.
Work Stress and Metabolic Syndrome in Police Officers. A Prospective Study
Venue: PloS one
Year: 2015

The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the association between occupational stress and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a rapid response police unit.  Work related stress was continuously monitored during the 5 year period with both the Demand Control Support (DCS) and the Effort Reward Imbalance (ERI) models. Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose were measured at baseline in January 2009, and in January 2014. 234 out of 290 police officers (81% completed the follow up.  The majority of police officers had high stress levels. At follow up, police officers in the highest quartile of stress had significantly higher mean levels of triglycerides, and lower levels of HDL cholesterol than their colleagues in the lowest quartile. Police officers with high stress had an increased adjusted risk of developing MetS (aOR 2.68; CI95% 1.08 6.70) and hypertriglyceridemia (aOR 7.86; CI95 1.29 48.04) Demand and Effort were significant predictors of MetS.  Our study supports the hypothesis that work related stress induces MetS, particularly through its effects on blood lipids. Future longitudinal studies with continuous monitoring of stress levels will definitively confirm this hypothesis.
"Nobody Sees It, Nobody Gets Mad" Social Media, Privacy, and Personal Responsibility Among Low SES Youth
Year: 2017

While few studies examine the online privacy practices or attitudes of young people of low socio economic status (SES) they are often at the most risk of and most susceptible to privacy violations. This participatory, collaborative study of 28 low SES young adults in the New York City area investigates how they view online information sharing. Like most Americans, our participants viewed online privacy as an individual responsibility. We make two primary contributions. First, participants revealed extensive awareness of the risks of sharing information online, and many avoided social media, self censored, or obfuscated their contributions as a result. Second, many participants had extensive experience with policing and physical surveillance and were aware they could not avoid such encounters through their own efforts. This window into structural discrimination provides an alternate frame to that of "individual responsibility" that educators and researchers can use to conceptualize how privacy is violated online. Framing online privacy violations as inevitable and widespread may not only help foster activist anger and strategic resistance but also avoid the victim blaming narratives of some media literacy efforts. By examining the experiences of these young people, who are often left out of mainstream discussions about privacy, we hope to show how approaches to managing the interplay of on and offline information flows are related to marginalized social and economic positions.
Instrumentos de planeacion estrategica aplicables a la gestion del talento humano administrativo en universidades publicas colombianas, caso Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Year: 2020

El proceso de transformacion de la administracion publica de una gestion operativa a una gestion estrategica conlleva un cambio profundo en el pensamiento organizacional, que se debe reflejar en el cambio en los procesos de planeacion, movilizando esfuerzos a la generacion de una planeacion estrategica de largo plazo, que trascienda a las inmediatistas que se derivan de las politicas de gobierno. Este trabajo se enfoca en explorar diferentes herramientas que pueden aportar al proceso de planeacion estrategica, teniendo como caso de estudio a la gestion del talento humano en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Tomando como eje el modelo de congruencia organizacional propuesto por Nadler y Tushman, se propone un modelo metodologico para la planeacion estrategica en talento humano, que en el caso de estudio tiene alcance al personal administrativo de la Universidad. Posteriormente, se explora mediante consulta a lideres de talento humano si el modelo metodologico propuesto es viable para ser aplicado en otras universidades publicas del pais. La utilizacion de instrumentos metodologicos apropiados al pensamiento sistemico y de vision de largo plazo, pueden permitir a las universidades publicas colombianas mejorar la gestion de su talento humano, fortaleciendo sus capacidades profesionales y organizacionales, lo que impacta favorablemente los procesos de formacion, investigacion y extension, como objetivos misionales de las mismas.
Text Construction of Corruption News in Newspapers in The Perspective of Van Dijk Critical Discourse Analysis
Year: 2020

This research is aimed at determining the social cognition of news texts in newspapers. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach with the analysis of Teun van Dijk's critical discourse, precisely the dimension of social cognition. The research data were collected through the method of simak (observe) and the technique of catat (noting) The results showed that in terms of social cognition, the role of editors was crucial in a newspaper report. Each newspaper has its plot and way of producing corruption news, depending on the ideology and the motto of the newspaper. News construction or commonly known as framing a news text, is a privilege that is owned by each mass media. As a result, the construction of news from Suara Merdeka, Republika, Kompas, and Jawa Pos media has some differences, although it does not rule out some similarities.
Research on Gender and Sexualities in Africa
Year: 2017

This collection comprises a diverse and stimulating collection of essays on questions of gender and sexualities, crafted by both established and younger researchers. The collection includes fascinating insights into topics as varied as the popularity of thong underwear in urban Kenya, the complexity of Tanzanian youth's negotiation of HIV cultures, the dialogues between religion and controversial questions in sexualities activism, and the meaning of living as a Zimbabwean girl, who became HIV positive because her mother had no access to antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy. Some pieces deepen contemporary debates, others initiate new questions. The collection seeks to sustain and invigorate research, policy making and continentaly focused thought on difficult, yet compelling, realities.
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Personal Assistants on Marketing
Year: 2018

As marketers and consumers simultaneously adopt Artificial Intelligence (AI) services and applications, the dynamic of the process of exchange between the buyer and seller in the marketplace is being fundamentally altered. Clearly, the Internet and social media have radically altered not only the roles and relationships, but also the differential advantages held by marketer and consumers in the marketing game, as consumers can now find (via Google) and buy (via Amazon and more recently via Facebook) anything, anytime, anywhere on the recommendation of friends and family (via FaceBook) or other customers (via Yelp) and communicate globally the transaction in 140 characters or less (via Twitter) Traditionally, marketing has been something done to the consumer. Products were pushed. Communication was one way and intrusive. Commercial messages remained mostly brief, designed as much to entertain as to inform and often provide the consumer with little more than a catch phrase in the guise of a slogan or jingle. With the advent of the Internet and emergence of social media, the communication pattern of the marketing game expanded from strictly "outbound" with the marketer doing all the talking, to include "inbound," wherein the consumer searches, contacts, and transacts with the marketer. Marketers no longer can simply buy consumers' interest; it must be earned. Consumers increasingly rely on each other for product and service information and recommendations. Rather than the customer being targeted by the seller, the seller seeks out the buyer. However, as significant and swift this change has been (given social media is but a decade old) arguably the greatest change is still to come with the advent of AI. As marketers and consumers begin to fully take advantage of what AI agents have to offer, the nature and process of the facilitating exchange in marketplace will dramatically change. As AI agents increase the knowledge and insight marketers have regarding consumers' product preferences and buying patterns, those same agents decrease the consumers' susceptibility to the marketer's message and manipulation. As AI agents search, evaluate, recommend, and finalize purchases, the actual consumer may actually be removed from the final purchasing decision. This entry will review the state of the art in AI, with a particular focus on applications in marketing. Based on the current capabilities of AI in marketing, the author's explore the new rules of engagement. Rather than simply targeting consumers, the marketing effort will also be directed at the algorithms controlling the consumers' virtual personal assistants (VPAs) Instead of exploiting human desires and weakness, marketing will need to focus on meeting the user's actual needs. The level of customer satisfaction will be even more critical as marChristina L. McDowell Marinchak University of Alaska Anchorage, USA
Case based models of customer perceived sustainable marketing and its effect on perceived customer equity
Year: 2020

This study presents case based models that determine which sustainable marketing activities customer groups perceive to either enhance or reduce customer equity for a major sports clothing brand in China and South Korea. Complexity theory is used to identify different antecedents of customer equity that lead to the same outcomes. The study explores configurations of three dimensions of sustainable marketing that may affect customer equity. Young Chinese (n 457) and Korean (n 315) customers of a major sports clothing brand are surveyed to explore what configurations reduce or enhance the perception of customer equity and to test cultural differences. Academic and practical implications are also discussed.
A Microbial Link to Weathering of Postglacial Rocks and Sediments, Mount Viso Area, Western Alps, Demonstrated through Analysis of a Soil/Paleosol Bio/Chronosequence
Venue: The Journal of Geology
Year: 2016

Understanding the mechanism associated with rates of weathering and evolution of rocks sediment soil paleosol in alpine environments raises questions related to the impact of microbial mediation versus various diverse abiotic chemical/physical processes, even including the overall effect of cosmic impact/airburst during the early stage of weathering in Late Glacial (LG) deposits. This study is of a chronosequence of soils/paleosols, with an age range that spans the post Little Ice Age (post LIA; <150 yr) the Little Ice Age (LIA; AD 1500 1850) the middle Neoglacial ~3 ka) Younger Dryas (YD; <12.8 ka) and the LG <15 ka) The goal is to elicit trends in weathering, soil morphogenesis, and related eubacterial population changes over the past 13 15 k.yr. The older LG/YD paleosols in the sequence represent soil morphogenesis that started during the closing stage of Pleistocene glaciation. These are compared with undated soils of mid to late Neoglacial age, the youngest of LIA and post LIA age. All profiles formed in a uniform parent material of metabasalt composition and in moraine, rockfall, protalus, and alluvial fan deposits. Elsewhere in Europe, North America, and Asia, the cosmic impact/airburst event at 12.8 ka often produced a distinctive, carbon rich "black mat" layer that shows evidence of high temperature melting. At this alpine site, older profiles of similar LG age contain scorched and melted surface sediments that are otherwise similar in composition to the youngest/thinnest profiles developing in the catchment today. Moreover, microbial analysis of the sediments offers new insight into the genesis of these sediments: the C and Cu (u unweathered) horizons in LG profiles present at 12.8 ka (now Ah/Bw) show bacterial population structures that differ markedly from recent alluvial/protalus sample bacterial populations. We propose here that these differences are, in part, a direct consequence of the age/cosmic impact/weathering processes that have occurred in the chronosequence. Of the several questions that emerge from these sequences, perhaps the most important involve the interaction of biotic mineral factors, which need to be understood if we are to generally fully appreciate the role played by microbes in rock weathering.
Non invasive visualization of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with metastatic melanoma undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a pilot study
Venue: Oncotarget
Year: 2018

Early in the course of immunotherapy there is frequently a transient enlargement of tumor masses (pseudo progression) due to tumor infiltration by TILs. Current clinical imaging modalities are not able to distinguished pseudo progression from true tumor progression. Thus, patients often remain on treatment 4 8 weeks longer to confirm disease progression. Nuclear medicine offers the possibility to image immune cells and potentially discriminate pseudo progression and progression. We conducted a pilot study in patients with metastatic melanoma receiving ipilimumab (IPI) or pembrolizumab (PEMBRO) to assess safety and feasibility of SPECT/CT imaging with 99mTc interleukin 2 (99mTc HYNIC IL2) to detect TILs and distinguish between true progression from pseudo progression. Scans were performed prior to and after 12w treatment. After labelling,99mTc HYNIC IL2 was purified and diluted in 10 mL of 5% glucose with 0.1% human serum albumin. Of the 5 patients (2 treated with IPI and 3 with PEMBRO) enrolled, two failed to complete the second scan as they discontinued IPI due grade 3 colitis (1 patient) or patient refusal after developing multiple toxicities attributed to IPI (1 patient) Following the first scan, one patient reported to have a grade 1 pruritus with grade 1 pain. No other toxicities attributed to the radiopharmaceutical infusion were reported. Metastatic lesions could be visualized by 99mTc IL2 imaging and there was positive correlation between size and 99mTc HYNIC IL2 uptake, both before and after 12 weeks of therapy. The results of this pilot study demonstrate the safety and feasibility of 99mTc IL2 imaging and has led to a number of hypotheses to be tested in future studies.