nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
COVID 19: Leaving lockdown Of Schrodinger, cats, testing and masks
Venue: International journal of clinical practice
Year: 2020

The COVID 19 pandemic progresses across the globe at pace, bringing lockdown of countries and continents. Over the Easter weekend as well as speculation that lockdown in the UK would need to be extended for a significant period, media attention became focussed on why the UK death rates from COVID 19 are significantly greater than in Germany (1) In a BBC television interview on Easter Sunday (2) Sir Jeremy Farrar who is a senior advisor to both UK and German governments commented that it is likely to be the significantly larger number of tests for SARS Cov 2 (the viral cause for COVID 19) undertaken in Germany when compared to the UK. He suggested that through early identification and isolation of cases that Germany, unlike the UK, had been able to contain COVID 19 and hence reduce transmission rates and need for hospitalisation.
Visible learning: a synthesis of over 800 meta analyses relating to achievement
Year: 2009

visible learning a synthesis of over 800 meta analyses visible learning a synthesis of over 800 meta analyses relating to achievement john hattie on amazon com free shipping on qualifying offers this unique and ground breaking book is the result of 15 years research and synthesises over 800 meta analyses on the influences on achievement in school aged students it builds a story about the power of teachers, amazon com visible learning for teachers maximizing visible learning for teachers is a profoundly important book for teachers school leaders parents and policymakers john hattie provides the jury standard for educational research
Monocyte exocytosis of mitochondrial danger associated molecular patterns in sepsis suppresses neutrophil chemotaxis
Venue: The journal of trauma and acute care surgery
Year: 2020

Trauma and sepsis both increase the risk for secondary infections. Injury mobilizes mitochondrial (MT) danger associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) directly from cellular necrosis. It is unknown, however, whether sepsis can cause active MT release and whether mtDAMPs released by sepsis might affect innate immunity.  Mitochondrial release from human monocytes (Mo) was studied after LPS stimulation using electron microscopy and using fluorescent video microscopy of adherent Mo using Mito Tracker Green (MTG) dye. Release of MTG+ microparticles was studied using flow cytometry after bacterial stimulation by size exclusion chromatography of supernatants with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Human neutrophil (PMN) chemotaxis, and respiratory burst were studied after PMN incubation with mtDNA.  LPS caused Mo to release mtDAMPs. Electron microscopy showed microparticles containing MT. mtDNA was present both in microvesicles and exosomes as shown by PCR of the relevant size exclusion chromatography bands. In functional studies, PMN incubation with mtDNA suppressed chemotaxis in a dose dependent manner, which was reversed by chloroquine, suggesting an endosomal, toll like receptor 9 dependent mechanism. In contrast, PMN respiratory burst was unaffected by mtDNA.  In addition to passive release of mtDAMPs by traumatic cellular disruption, inflammatory and infectious stimuli cause active mtDAMP release via microparticles. mtDNA thus released can have effects on PMN that may suppress antimicrobial function. mtDAMP mediated "feed forward" mechanisms may modulate immune responses and potentially be generalizable to other forms of inflammation. Where they cause immune dysfunction the effects can be mitigated if the pathways by which the mtDAMPs act are defined. In this case, the endosomal inhibitor chloroquine is benign and well tolerated. Thus, it may warrant study as a prophylactic antiinfective after injury or prior sepsis.
Making machine learning useable by revealing internal states update a transparent approach
Venue: IEEE CSE 2016
Year: 2016

Machine learning ML techniques are often found difficult to apply effectively in practice because of their complexities. Therefore, making ML useable is emerging as one of active research fields recently. Furthermore, an ML algorithm is still a 'black box' This 'black box' approach makes it difficult for users to understand complicated ML models. As a result, the user is uncertain about the usefulness of ML results and this affects the effectiveness of ML methods. This paper focuses on making a 'black box' ML process transparent by presenting real time internal status update of the ML process to users explicitly. A user study was performed to investigate the impact of revealing internal status update to users on the easiness of understanding data analysis process, meaningfulness of real time status update, and convincingness of ML results. The study showed that revealing of the internal states of ML process can help improve easiness of understanding the data analysis process, make real time status update more meaningful, and make ML results more convincing.
Role of pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) in the mega ton water project
Year: 2016

AbstractReverse osmosis (RO) membranes have been widely applied to seawater desalination and wastewater reclamation, and many large RO plants >100,000 m3/d) have been constructed since 2000. Energy efficiency is indispensable for large plants, especially for future mega ton scale seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plant (1,000,000 m3/d) In order to reduce energy demand in RO operation, high efficient low pressure RO membrane, energy recovery device (ERD) and pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) which would recover power from salinity gradient between freshwater and concentrated brine were studied in the "Mega ton Water System" project. A PRO hollow fiber membrane module was newly developed, and a practical continuous operation has been examined at a prototype plant for one year. The maximum 13.5 W/m2 of membrane power density using 10 inch module was established at our prototype PRO plant. As the results of the plant cost estimation and the financial impacts on the energy saving operation at the mega ton scale.
Facile modification of graphene oxide with Lysine for improving anti corrosion performances of water borne epoxy coatings
Venue: Progress in Organic Coatings
Year: 2019

To develop the compatibility of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets with water borne epoxy (EP) coatings, a natural amino acid with double amines (Lysine) was used to modify GO (LY GO) Results obtained from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) X ray diffraction (XRD) confirm that Lysine is successfully decorated on GO surface by formation of chemical bonds. Then LY GO nanomaterials were introduced into EP coatings on the mild steel substrate. The SEM images demonstrate that distribution of LY GO in EP coatings was remarkably improved due to Lysine modification. The effect of LY GO and GO nanosheets on the anti corrosion property of the EP coating was studied by potentiodynamic polarization test, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and salt spray test. Results reveal that well distributed LY GO nanosheets remarkably reinforce the anti corrosion performance of the EP coatings. At the same filler content, LY GO provides EP coating with better anti corrosion property of than GO and the corrosion rate of LY GO/EP coating is approximately two orders of magnitude lower than that of GO/EP. Moreover, LY GO can also effectively decrease the coating delamination degree during salt spray test of 500 h.
Cannabis Use and Risk of Prescription Opioid Use Disorder in the United States.
Venue: The American journal of psychiatry
Year: 2018

The authors sought to determine whether cannabis use is associated with a change in the risk of incident nonmedical prescription opioid use and opioid use disorder at 3 year follow up.  The authors used logistic regression models to assess prospective associations between cannabis use at wave 1 (2001 2002) and nonmedical prescription opioid use and prescription opioid use disorder at wave 2 (2004 2005) of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Corresponding analyses were performed among adults with moderate or more severe pain and with nonmedical opioid use at wave 1. Cannabis and prescription opioid use were measured with a structured interview (the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule DSM IV version) Other covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, anxiety or mood disorders, family history of drug, alcohol, and behavioral problems, and, in opioid use disorder analyses, nonmedical opioid use.  In logistic regression models, cannabis use at wave 1 was associated with increased incident nonmedical prescription opioid use (odds ratio=5.78, 95% CI=4.23 7.90) and opioid use disorder (odds ratio=7.76, 95% CI=4.95 12.16) at wave 2. These associations remained significant after adjustment for background characteristics (nonmedical opioid use: adjusted odds ratio=2.62, 95% CI=1.86 3.69; opioid use disorder: adjusted odds ratio=2.18, 95% CI=1.14 4.14) Among adults with pain at wave 1, cannabis use was also associated with increased incident nonmedical opioid use (adjusted odds ratio=2.99, 95% CI=1.63 5.47) at wave 2; it was also associated with increased incident prescription opioid use disorder, although the association fell short of significance (adjusted odds ratio=2.14, 95% CI=0.95 4.83) Among adults with nonmedical opioid use at wave 1, cannabis use was also associated with an increase in nonmedical opioid use (adjusted odds ratio=3.13, 95% CI=1.19 8.23)  Cannabis use appears to increase rather than decrease the risk of developing nonmedical prescription opioid use and opioid use disorder.
Blurred Lines: Musical Expertise in the History of American Copyright Litigation
Year: 2016

ii Dedication. iv Acknowledgments. v Vita. vii  1 Chapter 1: What is Expertise? 15 Chapter 2: The Foundations of Music Copyright Law. 51 Chapter 3: Into the Twentieth Century, 1909 45. 79 Chapter 4: Arnstein, Krofft, and the Narrowing Role of Expertise. 114 Chapter 5: Late Century Experts and the Problems with Arnstein and Krofft. 155 Chapter 6: Expertise in the New Millennium. 198 Chapter 7: Similarity, Expertise, and the Blurred Lines of Music Copyright. 241 Bibliography.
Parents' health beliefs and HPV vaccination of their adolescent daughters.
Venue: Social science medicine
Year: 2009

Though many studies have documented correlates of HPV vaccine acceptability, our study is one of the first to examine correlates of vaccine initiation. The current study aimed to identify modifiable correlates of HPV vaccine initiation among adolescent girls in high risk communities and whether correlates varied by race and urban/rural status. In 2007, we conducted a cross sectional survey of 889 parents of adolescent girls aged 10 18 living in areas of North Carolina, USA with high cervical cancer rates. We analyzed data using logistic regression. Health Belief Model constructs were associated with HPV vaccine initiation in multivariate analyses, including doctor's recommendation to get HPV vaccine, perceived barriers to obtaining HPV vaccine, and perceived potential vaccine harms. While exploratory stratified analyses suggested that many of the same parent beliefs were important correlates of HPV vaccine initiation regardless of racial group or urban/rural status, a few differences did exist. These potentially modifiable beliefs offer well defined targets for future interventions designed to increase HPV vaccine coverage. However, the beliefs' relative importance may differ between racial groups and regions.
Influence of non equilibrium reactions on the optimization of aerothrust aeroassisted maneuver with orbital change
Year: 2020

The spaceplane is perspective vehicle due to wide maneuverability in comparison with a space capsule. Its maneuverability is expressed by the larger flight range and also by a possibility to rotate orbital inclination in the atmosphere by the aerodynamic and thrust forces. Orbital plane atmospheric rotation maneuvers can significantly reduce fuel costs compared to rocket dynamic non coplanar maneuver. However, this maneuver occurs at Mach numbers about 25, and such velocities lead to non equilibrium chemical reactions in the shock wave. Such reactions change a physicochemical air property, and it affects aerodynamic coefficients. This paper investigates the influence of non equilibrium reactions on the aerothrust aeroassisted maneuver with orbital change. The approach is to solve an optimization problem using the differential evolution algorithm with a temperature limitation. The spaceplane aerodynamic coefficients are determined by the numerical solution of the Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes equations. The aerodynamic calculations are conducted for the cases of perfect and non equilibrium gases. A comparison of optimal trajectories, control laws, and fuel costs is made between models of perfect and non equilibrium gases. The effect of a chemically reacting gas on the finite parameters is also evaluated using control laws obtained for a perfect gas.
Desarrollo y caracterizacion de panquecas a base de harina de trigo (Triticum) y harina de yuca (Manihot esculenta)
Year: 2019

En Panama la mayor parte de la yuca (Manihot esculenta) es producida por pequenos agricultores en suelos marginales, pocosfertiles y con un nivel tecnologico bajo. En este trabajo se realizo una comparacion de panquecas formuladas con harina de trigo o con harina deyuca. Las panquecas elaboradas fueron sometidas a analisis fisicoquimicos, texturales y sensoriales. El producto fue elaborado siguiendo unaformulacion optima de acuerdo a los patrones sensoriales previamente obtenidos por consumidores.El producto obtenido fue sometido a pruebas fisicoquimicas de humedad, cenizas, fibra, carbohidratos, grasa y proteina. Ademas, se realizo unanalisis de perfil de textura (TPA) para medir variables como fuerza, adhesividad y cohesividad de las panquecas. La sustitucion de harina de yucaal 100% en las panquecas, disminuyo la gomosidad, dureza, masticabilidad y cohesividad. El analisis sensorial de los productos elaborados mostroel mismo nivel de preferencia para las panquecas formuladas con harina de trigo y yuca, no evidenciado diferencias significativas en los atributosevaluados.
SESR: Single Image Super Resolution with Recursive Squeeze and Excitation Networks
Venue: 2018 24th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)
Year: 2018

Single image super resolution is a very important computer vision task, with a wide range of applications. In recent years, the depth of the super resolution model has been constantly increasing, but with a small increase in performance, it has brought a huge amount of computation and memory consumption. In this work, in order to make the super resolution models more effective, we proposed a novel single image super resolution method via recursive squeeze and excitation networks (SESR) By introducing the squeeze and excitation module, our SESR can model the interdependencies and relationships between channels and that makes our model more efficiency. In addition, the recursive structure and progressive reconstruction method in our model minimized the layers and parameters and enabled SESR to simultaneously train multi scale super resolution in a single model. After evaluating on four benchmark test sets, our model is proved to be above the state of the art methods in terms of speed and accuracy.
Development of superabsorbent soy protein based bioplastic matrices with incorporated zinc for horticulture.
Venue: Journal of the science of food and agriculture
Year: 2019

The use of superabsorbent materials in horticulture has spread recently. These materials, which can retain water and release it as crops need it, have strong advantages such as the efficient use of water in periods of drought. However, these materials are made of synthetic polymers, which present problems of degradability and, sometimes, toxicity. For this reason, the main objective of this work is the development of biodegradable superabsorbent bioplastic (SAB) matrices using a soy protein isolate (SPI) as raw material. Zinc is also incorporated into these bioplastic matrices as an essential micronutrient for plants, to increase their added value.  The incorporation of zinc chelated with 2,2',2',2' (Ethene 1,2 diyldinitrilo)tetraacetic acid (Zn EDTA) (a salt with which the micronutrient is incorporated) into soy protein based bioplastic matrices improved their superabsorbent capacity and provided a controlled release of water and nutrients to the crops.  The results show the strong potential for the use of these bioplastic matrices in horticulture as superabsorbent materials that can release nutrients in a controlled manner.
Exploration of the partial transformation behaviour of shape memory alloys and its effect on actuation performance
Venue: Smart Structures and Materials Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring
Year: 2019

Multiple applications of shape memory alloys (SMA) involve operation under partial transformation (PT) where reversal of the transformation direction takes place while the material is in a mixed phase state. Typical applications of SMAs include: actuators in adaptive/morphing structures which should repeatedly reach various target shapes or to follow time trajectories at higher time rates; dampers vibrating pseudo elastically under varying amplitudes of dynamic loads. While the thermo mechanically coupled behavior of SMAs under full transformation has been studied during the past and various models have been proposed, their response under PT has yet to receive the required attention to fully unravel the potential of these materials. In this paper, an experimental study of SMA wires under PT is presented along with a modified constitutive model. The physical constitutive model of Lagoudas et al.,1 is combined with a new expression of the hardening function to enable the accurate and efficient prediction of PT behaviour. The predicted PT response is correlated with isobaric, thermally induced PT cycle experiments. Very good agreement is obtained with measured partial cycles, especially for PT cycles formed near the middle of the major hysteresis loop. The new constitutive equations are included into a finite element framework to investigate the effect of PT on SMA actuation function in morphing airfoils for active load alleviation in large wind turbine blades, and numerical results are correlated with experimental data. The correlations prove the importance of PT behavior in the actuator performance of SMAs, resulting in substantially more accurate predictions in deformation, stress and temperature.
The genus Erythrina L. A review on its alkaloids, preclinical, and clinical studies
Venue: Phytotherapy research PTR
Year: 2019

Erythrina L. genus (Fabaceae) comprises about 115 species, and it has been extensively studied, mainly because of its alkaloids, which have pharmacological properties. References demonstrated that Erythrina spp. have a potential to act in the central nervous system, presenting anxiolytic and anticonvulsant properties already established. Phytochemical investigations confirmed the presence of tetracyclic alkaloids as the major compounds. However, other alkaloid classes have also been reported, including dimeric and trimeric substances, coupled through direct polymerization or two erythrinine units via an acetyl glucose. The present review covers the relevant literature from 1990 until 2017 and outlines the current data on chemical composition and preclinical and clinical studies on Erythrina species. Additionally, the quite striking analogy in the biosynthetic route of erythrin, morphinans, and Amaryllidaceae family alkaloids was also discussed.
La cultura de genero del alumnado de formacion profesional en el ambito laboral
Year: 2018

EEl problema de la desigualdad de genero radica, en gran medida, en la pervivencia de los patrones tradicionales de genero que la sociedad asigna a mujeres y a hombres respectivamente. Por ello, el presente estudio se planteo con el proposito de reconocer las creencias estereotipadas que el alumnado de Formacion Profesional presenta ante la igualdad de genero en la esfera laboral, verificando, ademas, la existencia de posibles diferencias significativas segun el sexo y el nivel de ciclo formativo cursado (grado medio o grado superior) Para el logro de este objetivo se conto con la participacion voluntaria de 135 estudiantes de un centro integrado publico de Formacion Profesional de la provincia de Alicante, quienes cumplimentaron la Escala de Actitudes de Rol de Genero. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron que el conjunto de participantes presentaba un posicionamiento ambiguo respecto a la igualdad laboral entre mujeres y hombres, sobre todo en lo concerniente a la division sexual del trabajo. La aplicacion de la prueba t de Student por su parte, reflejo la existencia de diferencias estadisticamente significativas en funcion del nivel de ciclo formativo, pero especialmente del sexo. En este sentido, fueron las alumnas quienes rechazaron mas energicamente la exclusion de las mujeres de los cargos de responsabilidad y la segregacion ocupacional. En cuanto al nivel de ciclo formativo cursado, el alumnado de grado superior fue quien mostro actitudes mas proclives hacia la presencia femenina en los espacios de poder y la intervencion del padre en la educacion familiar. A la vista de tales resultados, se estima necesario disenar e implementar actuaciones dirigidas a la deconstruccion de las creencias sexistas que el alumnado de esta etapa parece mostrar en el contexto laboral.
The effect of reflexology on labor pain: A systematic review and meta analysis of randomized controlled clinical trial studies
Year: 2019

Labor pain is one of the most severe pains which has ever evaluated therefore pain relief care for mothers during labor is very important Reflexology is one of the non pharmacological methods of pain management This meta analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of reflexology on labor pain reduction in primiparous women.  In this meta analysis, the databases of Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Iranmedex, Sciencedirect, Ovid, PubMed Google scholar ,Scientific Information Database (SID) and Magiran were searched for published articles in English and Persian language up to June 2018. Data were analyzed by using Stata software version 11, and the pooled mean difference with random effects model was used for meta analyses.  seven relevant research studies that met the inclusion criteria were identified. we found a significant association between reflexology and pain intensity in after intervention (MD= 0.54, 95% CI: 1.08 to 0.004) 6 8 cm dilation (MD= 2.29, 95% CI: 2.52 to 2.07) 8 10 cm dilation (MD= 1.03, 95% CI: 1.21 to 0.85) one hour after intervention (MD= 1.55, 95% CI: 2.94 to 0.16) two hours after intervention (MD= 2.81, 95% CI: 3.27 to 2.35) and in second stage subgroup (MD= 2.14, 95% CI: 4.61 to 0.33)  This study showed reflexology is an effective method in labor pain relief. Therefore reflexology can be used to reduce labor pain.  Clinical trial; reflexology Labor pain