nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Flocculation dewatering behavior of waste activated sludge particles under chemical conditioning with inorganic polymer flocculant: Effects of typical sludge properties.
Venue: Chemosphere
Year: 2019

The effects of typical sludge properties (solids concentration, soluble extracellular polymeric substances (SEPS) and alkalinity) on waste activated sludge flocculation dewatering behavior and mechanisms under chemical conditioning with inorganic polymer flocculant polyaluminum chloride (PACl) were systematically examined in this study. The results indicated that increasing the solids concentration was conductive to sludge dewatering and could greatly decrease the PACl demand in chemical conditioning. Solids concentration had important effects on properties of sludge floc flocculated with PACl, floc structure was more compact and of low EPS concentration at high solids concentrations. High levels of SEPS were adverse to sludge dewaterability after flocculation with PACl, since the SEPS could interact with hydroxy aluminium through complexation and increase the demand of coagulants. In addition, advantageous speciations of hydroxy aluminium were rapidly converted into amorphous hydroxides with low flocculation activity at high alkalinity, so the sludge conditioning efficiency was greatly declined. At the same time, the dominant mechanism of chemical conditioning was changed from charge neutralization to sweep coagulation. Finally, this study provides control strategies at complex sludge properties for improving the effectiveness of PACl as a chemical conditioner.
Introductory article: technology, innovations, and environmental sustainability in the Anthropocene
Year: 2020

A leading edge facet of the transition to sustainability is the development, implementation and extended use of new technologies and related system innovations. The two open issues, volumes 45 and 49, of Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability journal, are focused on a set of review pieces that evaluate a broad range of these emerging technologies and innovations and document how they are influencing the capacity to achieve the world's sustainability goals. The advance of these varied new approaches and methods collectively present a period of dramatic transformation that illustrate the dawning of a new era of technological advance much in the same way that the advent of the steam engine, mechanization and mass production changed everyday life, economic structure, and human environment interaction in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. These technologies and innovations connect with fundamental production and management questions within a range of carbon emission reduction technologies, land management and agricultural production strategies, data and information management, and material flows and logistics. For each, their current status and impact, relevant access and equity issues, and prospects for future development are discussed. It is our hope that the two issues will help to provoke new research questions and collaborative efforts around the world and shed light on future direction of sustainable technological interventions.
Distriktsskoterskans forebyggande arbete i varden av patienter med hypertoni
Year: 2009

Hypertension is among the estimated 1.8 million Swedish people. Risk factors for developing hypertension is tobacco use, alcohol consumption, improper diet, low physical activity level and stress. Modified lifestyle is the foundation of treatment and the district nurse has an important preventive role to give the patient the potential to incorporate healthy living habits. The aim was to compare various preventive interventions and their effect on blood pressure among patients with hypertension. The goal was to compile existing knowledge and raise the visibility for the professionals in the field. A literature review was conducted and all the scientific articles were retrieved from the database Cinahl. The results will conduct only quantitative studies, where it is found that the location of the preventing work can be carried out at the medical services, residential and medical clinic separately or in combination. It can also be based on individual counseling or in combination with group counseling. The advice can be given in writing and or orally. Then too few studies are analyzed, no general conclusions can be drawn. However, we can see that the majority of the studies interventions resulted in a more or less blood pressure lowering effect. The conclusion is that prevention is a key in the care of patients with hypertension and that it should be individualized based on the individual's unique conditions.
Sexual sadism in sexual offenders and sexually motivated homicide.
Venue: The Psychiatric clinics of North America
Year: 2014

This article gives a clinically oriented overview of forensically relevant forms of sexual sadism disorder and its specific relationship to sexual homicide. In sexual homicide perpetrators, peculiar patterns of sexual sadism may be a motivational pathway to kill. Sexual sadism increases the risk for reoffending in sexual offenders. Through psychotherapy and pharmacological interventions, treatment of sadistic sex offenders has to consider special characteristics that may be different from those of nonsadistic sex offenders. Many of these offenders share a combination of sexual sadistic motives and an intact self regulation, sometimes combined with a high level of sexual preoccupation.
Relative importance of country of service delivery, country of person and country of brand in hybrid service evaluation: a conjoint analysis approach
Year: 2018

This paper aims to examine the relative importance of country of brand (COB) country of service delivery (COSD) and country of person (COP) in consumer evaluation of hybrid services.  Using data (N 1,071) from Australia, Indonesia and Singapore, a conjoint analysis experimental design explored empirically the importance of country of origin (COO) effects in three service contexts: search, experience and credence.  The analysis reveals that the relative importance of COP was the highest for credence services, while COB was the strongest for experience services.  For firms operating offshore, companies must understand that the COO construct is multi dimensional for services, as it is for tangible products and not limited only to COB as traditionally thought. At least two other distinct dimensions COSD and COP can play significant roles as predictors of service quality expectations. Companies must consider the implications of service type, according to the search experience credence continuum to inform staffing decisions and managing customer expectations.  This research contributes to the literature by extending the understanding of country image effects in the context of hybrid service provisions, particularly in the view of customer expectations of services with multiple country of origins. Although there have been several studies examining the effects of COO on services evaluation, no empirical study has examined the effects of multiple COOs simultaneously from the perspective of location where the service is delivered (COSD) and individuals who deliver the service (COP) in addition to the effect of COB origin.
Environment Adaptable Photonic Electronic Coupled Neuromorphic Angular Visual System.
Venue: ACS nano
Year: 2020

Environment adaptable photonic electronic coupled devices can help overcome major challenges related to the extraction of highly specific angular information, such as human visual perception. However, a true implementation of such a device has rarely been investigated thus far. Herein, we provide an approach and demonstrate a proof of concept solid state semiconductor based highly transparent, optical electrical coupled, self adaptive angular visual perception system that can fulfill the versatile criteria of the human vision system. Specifically, all of the primitive functions of visual perception, such as broad angular sensing, processing, and manifold memory storage, are demonstrated and comodulated using optical and electric pulses. This development represents an essential step forward in the fabrication of an environment adaptable artificial angular perception framework with deep implications in the fields of optoelectronics, artificial eyes, and memory storage applications.
Generalized Locality Preserving Projection for Multimodal Biometric Recognition
Venue: J. Inf. Hiding Multim. Signal Process.
Year: 2018

Multimodal biometric recognition is a promising personal identity authentication technology which can remedy the limitation of the traditional identity authentication and the unimodal biometrics. Comparing with other three fusion levels of multimodal biometrics, feature level fusion can reduce the redundant information to avoid calculation consumption and acquire the discriminative information to improve the system performance. Complex fusion is a novel feature fusion pattern which takes two features as real part and imaginary part of a complex vector. However, the existing linear methods of complex fusion cannot consider the nonlinear factor. Meanwhile the computations of the nonlinear methods is too great. This paper extended LPP into the complex field and proposed generalized locality preserving projection (GLPP) which takes advantage of the optimal linear approximations to find the nonlinear manifold structures.Face and palm are taken as the experimental objects to conduct the fusion features. Experimental result shows the proposed algorithm achieves much better performance than two unimodal biometrics and other four conventional multimodal biometric algorithms.
Scalable GPU graph traversal
Venue: PPoPP '12
Year: 2012

Breadth first search (BFS) is a core primitive for graph traversal and a basis for many higher level graph analysis algorithms. It is also representative of a class of parallel computations whose memory accesses and work distribution are both irregular and data dependent. Recent work has demonstrated the plausibility of GPU sparse graph traversal, but has tended to focus on asymptotically inefficient algorithms that perform poorly on graphs with non trivial diameter. We present a BFS parallelization focused on fine grained task management constructed from efficient prefix sum that achieves an asymptotically optimal O(|V||E| work complexity. Our implementation delivers excellent performance on diverse graphs, achieving traversal rates in excess of 3.3 billion and 8.3 billion traversed edges per second using single and quad GPU configurations, respectively. This level of performance is several times faster than state of the art implementations both CPU and GPU platforms.
"I need to skip a song because it sucks" Exploring mobile phone use while driving among young adults
Year: 2018

Mobile phone use while driving is a well recognized area of concern. However, while texting/calling among young adult drivers has received much research attention, more research is needed regarding other phone functions used by young adults while driving.  To explore mobile phone functions used by young adult drivers while driving.  An online survey of 17 24 year old drivers (N 612; 428 females) and focus groups with drivers aged (N 18; 8 females) revealed that mobile phone use while driving was a very common behavior, with more full licence drivers compared with Learner/Provisional drivers using their phone to make/answer calls, send/read text messages and for internet browsing. This nature of mobile phone use while driving was varied, with phones commonly used for entertainment (e.g. to play music) to connect with others (via texting and/or voice calls) and for navigation. Concluding remarks Young adults use a variety of functions on their phone while driving. It is important that young driver targeted intervention efforts acknowledge that multiple functions of the mobile phone are used during the drive and it serves multiple purposes. Examining the inhibitors and facilitators of mobile phone use and its various functions while driving is needed, in addition to elucidating if the usage of particular mobile phone functions is similar across different driver cohorts.
HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
Year: 2017

This study employs the ordinary least square regression analysis to examine the impact of human capital development on economic growth of Nigeria, using annual time series date from 1981 to 2015. The empirical results show that human capital development has significant impact on economic growth, as proxy by the gross domestic product. In line with theory, the human capital development indicators namely secondary school enrolment, tertiary school enrolment, total government expenditure on health and total government expenditure on education exhibit positive and statistically significant impact on economic growth of Nigeria which implies that these indicators are indispensable in the achievement of growth in the Nigerian economy. However, life expectancy and primary school enrolment exhibit a negative and statistically insignificant impact on economic growth of Nigeria. The study concluded that the Nigerian government should ensure to allocate adequate resources for the development of human capital in order to enhance economic growth in Nigeria. The study also recommended that going forward the government and policy makers should increase its total expenditure on education, ensure sufficient budgetary allocation on health expenditure, and ensure a standard is set across all secondary and tertiary institutions in the country so that proper human capital required for any individual to become productive and economic growth is enhanced
Comparative Study of Heuristic Algorithms for Electrical Impedance Tomography
Year: 2020

Based on electrical measurements from electrodes placed around the boundary of a body, electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is an imaging procedure that recovers the spatial distribution of the conductivities in the interior of a body. Recent studies have shown promising results in reconstructing EIT images using heuristic algorithms. This work presents a study of the applicability of six heuristic algorithms firefly algorithm (FA) novel bat algorithm (NBA) genetic algorithm with new multi parent crossover (GA MPC) success history based adaptive differential evolution with linear population size reduction with semiparameter adaptation hybrid with covariance matrix adaptation evolutionary strategy (LSHADE SPACMA) ensemble sinusoidal differential covariance matrix adaptation (LSHADE cnEpSin) and effective butterfly optimizer with covariance matrix adapted retreat phase (EBOwithCMAR) for the EIT image reconstruction problem. These algorithms have never been employed to solve the EIT inverse problem. Series of numerical tests were carried out to compare the performance of the selected algorithms.
The resurgence risk of COVID 19 in the presence of immunity waning and ADE effect: a mathematical modelling study
Venue: medRxiv
Year: 2021

Since the end of 2020, the mass vaccination has been actively promoted and seemed to be effective to bring the COVID 19 pandemic under control. However, the fact of immunity waning and the possible existence of antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) make the situation uncertain. We developed a dynamic model of COVID 19 incorporating vaccination and immunity waning, which was calibrated by using the data of accumulative vaccine doses administered and the COVID 19 epidemic in 2020 in mainland China. We explored how long the current vaccination program can prevent China in a low risk of resurgence, and how ADE affects the long term trajectory of COVID 19 epidemics. The prediction suggests that the vaccination coverage with at least one dose reach 95.87% and with two doses reach 77.92% on August 31, 2021. However, even with the mass vaccination, randomly introducing infected cases in the post vaccination period can result in large outbreaks quickly in the presence of immunity waning, particularly for SARS CoV 2 variants with higher transmission ability. The results showed that with the current vaccination program and a proportion of 50% population wearing masks, mainland China can be protected in a low risk of resurgence till 2023/01/18. However, ADE effect and higher transmission ability for variants would significantly shorten the protective period for more than 1 year. Furthermore, intermittent outbreaks can occur while the peak values of the subsequential outbreaks are decreasing, meaning that subsequential outbreaks boosted the immunity in the population level, which further indicating that catching up vaccination program can help to mitigate the possible outbreaks, even avoid the outbreaks. The findings reveal that integrated effects of multiple factors, including immunity waning, ADE, relaxed interventions, and higher transmission ability of variants, make the control of COVID 19 much more difficult. We should get ready for a long struggle with COVID 19, and should not totally rely on COVID 19 vaccine.
Reliability and delay in AUV navigation using EM wave based underwater sensor network with shadow fading
Venue: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (ICTP)
Year: 2015

Due to the relatively longer transmission range of acoustic wave compared to that of electromagnetic (EM) wave, practical navigation systems of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are almost certainly of acoustic type. However, slower propagation speeds of acoustic waves introduce various performance bottlenecks including substantial operational delay. On the other hand, in spite of higher attenuation of EM signal in underwater environment, it can be useful for short range networks requiring faster navigation. In light of this, this paper proposes and investigates an EM wave based AUV navigation system using underwater sensor network (UWSN) in shadow fading environment. Extensive simulations are carried out for evaluating the reliability and delay performance of the proposed system. AUV navigation performance under various network settings is thoroughly investigated and critically analyzed. Performance of the proposed EM based system is also compared to that of acoustic.
The physics of the mouthfeel of caviar and other fish roe
Year: 2020

Caviar and other fish roe are among the most popular culinary sensations in gastronomy. The perception of fish eggs in the mouth is mostly driven by physical quantities. The skin, a soft solid layer of the eggs bursts under pressure during oral processing and releases the taste and aroma compound in the mouth. The mechanical properties of fish eggs are investigated and analyzed using physical methods.
Epidemiology of Botulism in Sheep and Goats in Northern Localities of North Kordofan State, Sudan
Year: 2015

Suspected cases of botulism were first noticed among sheep and goats flocks in Northern Localities of North Kordofan State, which was struck by waves of drought. Poor pasture and nutritional deficiency, forced the animal to develop pica and chew dead carcasses which were the major source of the toxin. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors associated with the occurrence of the disease and the source if intoxication. Methodology involved the description of the area of the disease outbreak, and the disease patterns. Attempts were made to reproduce the disease by drenching susceptible animals with extracts from carcasses and to trace the possible origin the disease agent. Observations revealed that the area of the outbreak was covered with only few plant species and animals developed pica. The disease occurred in sheep and goats only, and among these, pregnant, lactating, and yearlings were most affected. The temporal pattern of the disease showed a rapid increase in the number of new cases over a short period of time, while the spatial pattern showed wide a geographical distribution of the disease. Drenching susceptible animals with suspected carcass material, resulted in the production of the disease, with symptoms similar to those observed in the natural outbreak. As botulism was endemic in Libya since 1980s, It is possible that the organism and its spores were carried over from Libya to Sudan by carrion eating birds and movement of animals, man, and vehicles.
Open source project management, based on critical success factors exploration: the case of OS.University
Venue: CODE 2018
Year: 2018

The European Commission proposes eight scenarios for the application of distributed ledger technology (DLT) in an educational context, based on the current state of technology development and deployment. According to their recent report, the blockchain technology may disrupt institutional norms in the field of education and empower learners in line with the needs of Industry 4.0. The article looks into the theoretical and practical aspects of the "OS.UNIVERSITY" a project announced in 2016 as one of the "Top 10 Social Innovation Ideas" by Hewlett Packard Enterprise's "Living Progress Challenge" By following a pre defined set of critical success factors (CSF) for managing the end to end project, OS.UNIVERSITY aims to create a distributed platform on the blockchain that turns the potentially disruptive scenarios into real life opportunities for modernization of Academia, enablement of businesses, and empowerment of students, employees, life long learners.
NR4A1 aggravates the cardiac microvascular ischemia reperfusion injury through suppressing FUNDC1 mediated mitophagy and promoting Mff required mitochondrial fission by CK2a
Venue: Basic Research in Cardiology
Year: 2018

Mitochondrial fission and mitophagy are considered key processes involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac microvascular ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury although the upstream regulatory mechanism for fission and mitophagy still remains unclear. Herein, we reported that NR4A1 was significantly upregulated following cardiac microvascular IR injury, and its level was positively correlated with microvascular collapse, endothelial cellular apoptosis and mitochondrial damage. However, NR4A1 knockout mice exhibited resistance against the acute microvascular injury and mitochondrial dysfunction compared with the wild type mice. Functional studies illustrated that IR injury increased NR4A1 expression, which activated serine/threonine kinase casein kinase2 a (CK2a) CK2a promoted phosphorylation of mitochondrial fission factor (Mff) and FUN14 domain containing 1 (FUNDC1) Phosphorylated activation of Mff enhanced the cytoplasmic translocation of Drp1 to the mitochondria, leading to fatal mitochondrial fission. Excessive fission disrupted mitochondrial function and structure, ultimately triggering mitochondrial apoptosis. In addition, phosphorylated inactivation of FUNDC1 failed to launch the protective mitophagy process, resulting in the accumulation of damaged mitochondria and endothelial apoptosis. By facilitating Mff mediated mitochondrial fission and FUNDC1 required mitophagy, NR4A1 disturbed mitochondrial homeostasis, enhanced endothelial apoptosis and provoked microvascular dysfunction. In summary, our data illustrated that NR4A1 serves as a novel culprit factor in cardiac microvascular IR injury that operates through synchronous elevation of fission and suppression of mitophagy. Novel therapeutic strategies targeting the balance among NR4A1, fission and mitophagy might provide survival advantage to microvasculature following IR stress.