nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study on Urea Water Solution Spray Wall Impingement Process and Solid Deposit Formation in Urea SCR de NOx System
Year: 2018

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) has been exhibited as a promising method of NOx abatement from diesel engine emissions. Long term durability is one of the key requirements for the automotive SCR system. A high NOx conversion, droplet distribution and mixing, and fluid film and solid deposit formation are the major challenges to the successful implementation of the SCR system. The current study is therefore three fold. Firstly, high speed images disclose detailed information of the spray impingement on the heated impingement surface. The spray impingement investigation took place in a specially designed optically accessible visualization chamber where the Z type shadowgraph technique was used to capture the high speed images. Wall temperature has a great influence on the film formation and wall wetting. A higher wall temperature can significantly increase the droplet evaporation, and consequently, wall wetting decreases. The numerical analysis was performed based on the Eulerian Lagrangian approach using STAR CCM+ CFD code. Secondly, the resultant phenomena due to spray wall impingement such as fluid film generation and transport, solid deposit formation, and thermal decomposition were recorded using a high speed camera operating at a low frame rate. Infrared thermal imaging was used to observe the spray cooling effect after impingement. Spray impingement caused local cooling, which led to wall film formation, which introduced urea crystallization. Finally, solid deposits were analyzed and characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) FTIR analysis revealed that urea decomposition products vary based on the temperature, and undecomposed urea, biuret, cyanuric acid, ammeline, and melamine can be formed at different temperatures. TGA analysis showed that accumulated deposits were hard to remove. Moreover, complete thermal decomposition of deposits is not possible at the regular exhaust temperature, as it requires a comparatively long time span.
Educational Robotics for Inclusive Education
Venue: Technol. Knowl. Learn.
Year: 2019

It has been quite a long time since S. Papert introduced the idea that children should be involved in the use of computers in the learning process to support the development of computational thinking. Nowadays, educational robotics is introduced in different dimensions of education, but mostly it is used as part of a compulsory educational process in nonformal educational activities, in activities to reduce the risks of early school leaving, and in initiatives introduced by some projects where different aspects of educational robotics are tested in activities with students who have diverse special needs. But till now robotics has mostly been associated with the field of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, and outcomes of educational robotics are measured through the prism of improved knowledge in STEM subjects. In this special issue, journal researchers provide results on ER in the context of inclusive education.
Evaluating machine learning and statistical prediction techniques for landslide susceptibility modeling
Venue: Comput. Geosci.
Year: 2015

Statistical and now machine learning prediction methods have been gaining popularity in the field of landslide susceptibility modeling. Particularly, these data driven approaches show promise when tackling the challenge of mapping landslide prone areas for large regions, which may not have sufficient geotechnical data to conduct physically based methods. Currently, there is no best method for empirical susceptibility modeling. Therefore, this study presents a comparison of traditional statistical and novel machine learning models applied for regional scale landslide susceptibility modeling. These methods were evaluated by spatial k fold cross validation estimation of the predictive performance, assessment of variable importance for gaining insights into model behavior and by the appearance of the prediction (i.e. susceptibility) map. The modeling techniques applied were logistic regression (GLM) generalized additive models (GAM) weights of evidence (WOE) the support vector machine (SVM) random forest classification (RF) and bootstrap aggregated classification trees (bundling) with penalized discriminant analysis (BPLDA) These modeling methods were tested for three areas in the province of Lower Austria, Austria. The areas are characterized by different geological and morphological settings. Random forest and bundling classification techniques had the overall best predictive performances. However, the performances of all modeling techniques were for the majority not significantly different from each other; depending on the areas of interest, the overall median estimated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) differences ranged from 2.9 to 8.9 percentage points. The overall median estimated true positive rate (TPR) measured at a 10% false positive rate (FPR) differences ranged from 11 to 15pp. The relative importance of each predictor was generally different between the modeling methods. However, slope angle, surface roughness and plan curvature were consistently highly ranked variables. The prediction methods that create splits in the predictors (RF, BPLDA and WOE) resulted in heterogeneous prediction maps full of spatial artifacts. In contrast, the GAM, GLM and SVM produced smooth prediction surfaces. Overall, it is suggested that the framework of this model evaluation approach can be applied to assist in selection of a suitable landslide susceptibility modeling technique.
PENGARUH PARTISIPASI PENYUSUNAN ANGGARAN TERHADAP BUDGETARY SLACK DENGAN JOB RELEVANT INFORMATION SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING(Studi Kasus pada SKPD Kabupaten Sleman Tahun 2018)
Year: 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Pengaruh partisipasi penyusunan anggaran terhadap budgetary slack; (2) Pengaruh job relevant information memperkuat partisipasi anggaran terhadap budgetary slack. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik kuesioner. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian adalah 35 responden pada Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (SKPD) Kabupaten Sleman dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode convenience sampling. Uji validitas menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson Product Moment, sedangkan uji reliabilitas menggunakan Cronbach Alpha. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi sederhana dan analisis regresi moderasi (MRA) Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Partisipasi anggaran tidak berpengaruh terhadap budgetary slack dibuktikan dengan nilai signifikansi lebih besar dari 0,05 (0,94>0,05) dan nilai koefisien regresi sebesar 0,279. (2) Job relevant information tidak mampu menjadi variabel moderasi yang memperkuat hubungan partisipasi anggaran terhadap budgetary slack dibuktikan dengan nilai signifikasi interaksi lebih besar dari 0,05 (0,188>0,05) dan koefisien regresi sebesar 0,072.  Budgetary Slack, Partisipasi Penyusunan Anggaran, Job Relevant Information
Impact of glyphosate and glyphosate based herbicides on the freshwater environment
Venue: Journal of applied toxicology JAT
Year: 2014

Glyphosate [N (phosphonomethyl) glycine] is a broad spectrum, post emergent herbicide and is among the most widely used agricultural chemicals globally. Initially developed to control the growth of weed species in agriculture, this herbicide also plays an important role in both modern silviculture and domestic weed control. The creation of glyphosate tolerant crop species has significantly increased the demand and use of this herbicide and has also increased the risk of exposure to non target species. Commercially available glyphosate based herbicides are comprised of multiple, often proprietary, constituents, each with a unique level of toxicity. Surfactants used to increase herbicide efficacy have been identified in some studies as the chemicals responsible for toxicity of glyphosate based herbicides to non target species, yet they are often difficult to chemically identify. Most glyphosate based herbicides are not approved for use in the aquatic environment; however, measurable quantities of the active ingredient and surfactants are detected in surface waters, giving them the potential to alter the physiology of aquatic organisms. Acute toxicity is highly species dependant across all taxa, with toxicity depending on the timing, magnitude, and route of exposure. The toxicity of glyphosate to amphibians has been a major focus of recent research, which has suggested increased sensitivity compared with other vertebrates due to their life history traits and reliance on both the aquatic and terrestrial environments. This review is designed to update previous reviews of glyphosate based herbicide toxicity, with a focus on recent studies of the aquatic toxicity of this class of chemicals.
Hybrid many objective particle swarm optimization algorithm for green coal production problem
Venue: Inf. Sci.
Year: 2020

The key aspect in coal production is realizing safe and efficient mining to maximize the utilization of the resources. A requirement for sustainable economic development is realizing green coal production, which is influenced by factors of coal economic, energy, ecological, coal gangue economic and social benefits. To balance these factors, this paper proposes a many objective optimization model with five objectives for green coal production. Furthermore, a hybrid many objective particle swarm optimization (HMaPSO) algorithm is designed to solve the established model. A new offspring of the alternative pool is generated by employing different evolutionary operators. The environmental selection mechanism is adopted to select and store the excellent solutions. Two sets of experiments are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach: First, the HMaPSO algorithm is tested on the DTLZ functions, and its performance is compared with that of several widely used many objective algorithms. Second, the HMaPSO algorithm is applied to solve the many objective green coal production optimization model. The computational results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, and the simulation results prove that the designed approach can provide promising choices for decision makers in regional planning.
Implementation Outcomes Following Participation in a Large Scale Healthy Workplace Program Conducted Across Multiple Worksites
Venue: American journal of health promotion AJHP
Year: 2020

To measure implementation outcomes of a freely available workplace health promotion program (Healthier Workplace Western Australia [HWWA] that provides employees with services and supports to make changes in their workplaces.  Western Australian workplaces.  Employees accessing HWWA services.  A range of services (training sessions, tailored advice, grant schemes, online resources) were offered relating to nutrition, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and mental health.  Of the 1627 individuals e mailed 6 months after participation in HWWA, 345 (21% individuals who recalled accessing one or more services completed a survey assessing the number and type of changes they had implemented and the perceived barriers to doing so.  Negative binomial regressions and one way analysis of variances assessed whether respondent characteristics or number of services used was associated with the number and types of changes made. A qualitative analysis of the perceived barriers was also conducted.  The majority of respondents (86% reported implementing one or more changes. Greater perceived responsibility/authority to make change (b .56, P .01) perceived support from coworkers (b .23, P .05) and number of HWWA services used (b .04, P .05) were positive predictors of the number of changes made. Frequently reported barriers included cost/budget restrictions, lack of management support, and resistance from staff.  The HWWA program facilitated implementation of various healthy workplace initiatives across the organizations represented in the evaluation.
Structural Transcatheter Cardiac Interventions in the Cardio Oncology Population
Venue: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine
Year: 2021

Modern cancer therapies have resulted in prolonged survival and decreased mortality for many types of cancer. Consequently, cancer patients with concomitant cardiovascular disease (CVD) present prior to diagnosis of cancer, resulting from various forms of cancer therapy, or developing after cancer remission are at higher risk for development of cardiovascular associated morbidity and mortality. Management of CVD, particularly structural heart disease, in this patient population is challenging and associated with elevated surgical risk. Minimally invasive transcatheter procedures have emerged as lower risk treatment modalities that have been shown to be safe and efficacious. This review will evaluate the current literature on percutaneous management of aortic stenosis (AS) mitral regurgitation (MR) tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and intracardiac thrombus (ICTE) or masses in cancer patients. Multiple cohort and registry based studies have demonstrated safe and efficacious implementation of transcatheter interventions for the management of severe AS and MR in cancer patients. The development of transcatheter interventions for severe TR is promising and may also be considered for this high risk patient population. Interestingly, management of ICTE and cardiac masses has also been achieved with a novel transcatheter approach. While a multidisciplinary heart team approach is necessary to properly manage cancer patients with structural heart disease and ICTE, more robust registry based and prospective clinical trials are required to meet the needs of a rapidly growing cardio oncology patient population.
Data Science for Entrepreneurship Research: Studying Demand Dynamics for Entrepreneurial Skills in the Netherlands
Year: 2019

The recent rise of big data and artificial intelligence (AI) is changing markets, politics, organizations, and societies. It also affects the domain of research. Supported by new statistical methods that rely on computational power and computer science data science methods we are now able to analyze data sets that can be huge, multidimensional, unstructured, and are diversely sourced. In this paper, we describe the most prominent data science methods suitable for entrepreneurship research and provide links to literature and Internet resources for self starters. We survey how data science methods have been applied in the entrepreneurship research literature. As a showcase of data science techniques, based on a dataset of 95% of all job vacancies in the Netherlands over a 6 year period with 7.7 million data points, we provide an original analysis of the demand dynamics for entrepreneurial skills in the Netherlands. We show which entrepreneurial skills are particularly important for which type of profession. Moreover, we find that demand for both entrepreneurial and digital skills has increased for managerial positions, but not for others. We also find that entrepreneurial skills were significantly more demanded than digital skills over the entire period 2012 2017 and that the absolute importance of entrepreneurial skills has even increased more than digital skills for managers, despite the impact of datafication on the labor market. We conclude that further studies of entrepreneurial skills in the general population outside the domain of entrepreneurs is a rewarding subject for future research.
Theoretical and Experimental Study of Reversible and Stable Wetting States of a Hierarchically Wrinkled Surface Tuned by Mechanical Strain.
Venue: Langmuir the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
Year: 2019

The wetting behavior of hierarchically wrinkled surfaces has attracted great interest because of its broad application in flexible electronic, microfluidic chip, and biomedicine. However, theoretical studies concerning the relationship between the apparent contact angle and mechanical strain applied on the soft and flexible surface with a hierarchically wrinkled structure are still limited. We established a theoretical framework to describe and understand how prestrain and applied dynamic strain reversibly tune the wettability of the hierarchically wrinkled surface. More specifically, a direct relationship between the mechanical strain and contact angle was built through reversible tuning of the amplitude and the wavelength of the wrinkled structures caused by mechanical strain, which allowed for more precise adjustment of surface wettability. To verify the accuracy of the theoretical relationship between the contact angle and mechanical strain, a soft surface with a hierarchically wrinkled structure was prepared by combining wrinkled microstructures and strip ones. The results showed that the experimental contact angles were in agreement with the theoretical ones within a limited error range. This will be helpful for further investigation on the wettability of hierarchically wrinkled surfaces.
Genotyping and molecular characterization of extended spectrum beta lactamases producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli in and around Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, India
Year: 2019

Escherichia coli, an extraintestinal flora, develops virulence traits through a persistent encounter with host and constant exposure to antibiotics, which makes it line up as the most common urinary pathogen. Thus, this study aimed to screen the presence of virulence traits among multidrug resistant urinary pathogenic E. coli among the urine samples collected from inpatients and outpatients of the multispecialty hospitals.  Standard microbiological laboratory protocols were followed, and about 210 samples were processed and screened.  Among those samples, 114 were reported positive for the presence of uropathogenic E. coli(UPEC) Gender wise distribution was found to be more among female patients (56% than male patients (51% During screening for hemolytic activity, 37% of test isolates were a hemolytic, 48% were b hemolytic, and 15% were g hemolytic. Screening virulence among test isolates, sfa gene (49% afa (42% hly (68% CNF (43% and aer, accounts for 65% Further, the multidrug resistance of the isolates was done by using ten antibiotics. All the isolates exhibited the multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) and the highest percentage of resistance was found against ceftazidime (100% and the least percentage of resistance was observed against imipenem (2% followed by amikacin (8% MAR index values of all the isolates ranged from 0.4 to 1.  The presence of various virulence genes and the high degree of resistance among the isolates against the antibiotics used in this study confirm the prevalence of extended spectrum b lactamase producers among the UPEC.
PCRAlu1 DNA Fingerprints in Medicinal Plants Tumeric, Ginger, and Chamomile
Year: 2019

Many natural herbs have biological compounds that can be used in addressing conditions in which traditional medicine is not always successful. Certain herbs carry these bioactive compounds in specific tissues, and it is crucial for the safety of human consumption and the effectiveness in treating illness, that the correct species of plant and tissue be used. One way to test the identity of a plant species is through DNA analysis. The purpose of this study was to compare the DNA fingerprints of two closely related plants; turmeric (Curcuma longa) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) with a distantly related plant, chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) and their respective tissues. Using three sets of primers specific for regions in the chloroplastic tRNA gene and leaf DNA as templates, PCR products were produced and subsequently treated with the restriction enzyme ALU1. The results showed that DNA from turmeric and ginger leaves produced similar DNA band patterns with the primers A/ALU1 combination. In contrast, chamomile produced unique fingerprints. In the case of chamomile and ginger, when two different tissues from the same species were used with the same primer/ALU1 combination, DNA fingerprints did not come out identical, as expected. In conclusion, DNA fingerprints can only be used for initial identification of medicinal herbs because the banding patterns are not always unique for each species.
RANCANG BANGUN ANTENA MIKROSTRIP DIPOLE L SHAPE PADA FREKUENSI 24 GHZ DAN 25.9 GHZ
Year: 2018

Antena mikrostrip merupakan salah satu antena yang banyak dipakai dalam sistem telekomunikasi. Salah satu faktornya adalah kerena bentuk fisik yang kecil sehingga mudah dibawa. Selain itu, antena mikrostrip juga tidak memerlukan biaya yang besar dalam proses pembuatannya. Pada penulisan ini dilakukan perancangan antena mikrostrip menggunakan metode Dipole L Shape dimana Dipole L Shape tersebut memiliki director berbentuk persegi panjang. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan nilai gain dan return loss pada frekuensi kerja yang diharapkan, yaitu pada frekuensi 24 GHz dan 25.9 GHz. Bahan yang digunakan adalah FR 4 Epoxy dengan ketebalan 1.6 mm dan konstanta dielektrik 4.4 yang dirancang menggunakan software Ansys HFSS. Teknik pencatuan yang digunakan adalah pencatuan secara langsung atau feed line. Teknik pencatuan ini digunakan karena lebih sederhana dalam susunan dan pencatuan. Hasil dari simulasi dan pengukuran antena ini telah memenuhi spesifikasi parameter antena yaitu bekerja pada frekuensi 24 GHz dan 25.9 GHz dengan nilai S(1,1) sebesar 10 dB dan nilai VSWR 2. Sedangkan pada pengukuran gain didapatkan hasil penguatan sebesar 6.2 dB pada frekuensi 24 GHz dan 7 dB pada frekuensi 25.9 GHz.  Mikrostrip, Dipole,L shape
Mechanism based treatment of cancer with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies
Venue: British journal of clinical pharmacology
Year: 2020

Immune checkpoints are cell surface molecules that initiate regulatory pathways which have powerful control of CD8+ cytolytic T cell activity. Antagonistic and agonistic antibodies engaging these molecules have demonstrated profound impact on immune activation and have entered clinical use for the treatment of a variety of diseases. Over the past decade, antagonistic antibodies known as immune checkpoint inhibitors have become a new pillar of cancer treatment and have reshaped the therapeutic landscape in oncology. These agents differ in their mechanism of action and toxicity profiles compared to more traditional systemic cancer treatments such as chemo and targeted therapies. This article reviews the pharmacology of this new class of agents.