nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Expiratory and Expiratory Plus Inspiratory Muscle Training Improves Respiratory Muscle Strength in Subjects With COPD: Systematic Review
Venue: Respiratory Care
Year: 2014

Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) produces beneficial effects in COPD subjects, but the effects of expiratory muscle training (EMT) and EMT plus IMT in ventilatory training are still unclear. The aim of this study was to systematically review the effects of EMT and EMT plus IMT compared to control groups of COPD subjects.  This study is a systematic review and meta analysis. The search strategy included MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, PEDro, and Cochrane CENTRAL and also manual search of references in published studies on the subject. Randomized trials comparing EMT and EMT plus IMT versus control groups of subjects with COPD were included. The outcomes analyzed were respiratory muscle strength and functional capacity. Two reviewers independently extracted the data.  The search retrieved 609 articles. Five studies were included. We observed that EMT provided higher gain in maximum expiratory pressure (PEmax 21.49 cm H2O, 95% CI 13.39 29.59) and maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax 7.68 cm H2O, 95% CI 0.90 14.45) compared to control groups. There was no significant difference in the 6 min walk test distance (29.01 m, 95% CI 39.62 to 97.65) and dyspnea (0.15, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.08) In relation to EMT plus IMT, we observed that PEmax (31.98 cm H2O, 95% CI 26.93 37.03) and PImax (27.98 cm H2O, 95% CI 20.10 35.85) presented higher values compared to control groups.  EMT and EMT plus IMT improve respiratory muscle strength and can be used as part of the treatment during pulmonary rehabilitation of subjects with severe to very severe COPD.
Upper Bound Kullback Leibler Divergence for Hidden Markov Models with Application as Discrimination Measure for Speech Recognition
Venue: 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory
Year: 2006

This paper presents a criterion for defining an upper bound Kullback Leibler divergence (UB KLD) for Gaussian mixtures models (GMMs) An information theoretic interpretation of this indicator and an algorithm for calculating it based on similarity alignment between mixture components of the models are proposed. This bound is used to characterize an upper bound closed form expression for the Kullback Leibler divergence (KLD) for left to right transient hidden Markov models (HMMs) where experiments based on real speech data show that this indicator precisely follows the discrimination tendency of the actual KLD
Recognizing the Importance of Brand Awareness on E commerce Sales while Shopping on Internet: Empirical Analysis of European Countries
Venue: Int. J. Interact. Mob. Technol.
Year: 2015

The reason to conduct this research is to investigate and recognize the importance of brand awareness on E commerce sales while shopping on internet. Empirical analysis of seven top internet purchasing European countries is done by using the report of (Eurostat's 2011) The units of analysis are those individuals who are residing in Denmark, Germany, France, Italy, Netherland, Sweden and Norway making purchases from the internet. Data is collected from the report of Eurostat's for the ten years from 2002 2011. To find out the relationship between explanatory and Dependent Variable (DV) in the online business world, the study has done statistical analyses which are implemented by using E views 5 software. The main motive to carry out the study is to find out the impact and importance of brand image/ awareness in the minds of online shopper, when they go for shopping on internet. Findings of this study illustrate significant positive relationship between brand awareness an E commerce sale. Findings are beneficial for those companies which are working on internet and selling their products or services, so with the help of results of this study they can be able to know European online shopper's mind and can develop certain strategies in order to sell the most.
The Role of the Family Context in the Development of Emotion Regulation.
Venue: Social development
Year: 2007

This article reviews current literature examining associations between components of the family context and children and adolescents' emotion regulation (ER) The review is organized around a tripartite model of familial influence. Firstly, it is posited that children learn about ER through observational learning, modeling and social referencing. Secondly, parenting practices specifically related to emotion and emotion management affect ER. Thirdly, ER is affected by the emotional climate of the family via parenting style, the attachment relationship, family expressiveness and the marital relationship. The review ends with discussions regarding the ways in which child characteristics such as negative emotionality and gender affect ER, how socialization practices change as children develop into adolescents, and how parent characteristics such as mental health affect the socialization of ER.
Pushing the Boundaries of Asymptotic Optimality for Sampling based Roadmaps In Motion And Task Planning
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2019

Sampling based roadmaps have been popular methods for robot motion and task planning, given their generality and effectiveness in high dimensional configuration spaces (C spaces) Following advances in random geometric graphs, a seminal analysis result argued the conditions for asymptotic optimality of these approaches. In particular, a connection radius for each new C space sample needs to be in the order of \gamma \log n n){1/d} where $n$ is the existing number of roadmap nodes and $d$ is the dimensionality of the C space. This prior analysis, as well as subsequent efforts, also specified a sufficient lower bound for the constant \gamma$ for asymptotic optimality. All of these results assumed that for a finite number of samples there is a path with positive clearance from obstacles. Nevertheless, manipulation task planning requires solving problems were the start and the goal lie on the boundary of the configuration space. The current work builds on previous work, to: a) obtain an estimate of \gamma$ in terms of a bound on the dispersion of the samples; and b) propose the modifications necessary to make asymptotic optimality hold when the start and goal lie on the boundary of the C space under certain assumptions regarding the boundary. The last point generalizes these properties to manipulation task planning and reduces the method's requirements for a connection radius that achieves asymptotic optimality in this domain as well as the assumptions regarding the boundary's smoothness relative to prior work.
Unsupervised 3D Pose Estimation With Geometric Self Supervision
Venue: 2019 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
Year: 2019

We present an unsupervised learning approach to re cover 3D human pose from 2D skeletal joints extracted from a single image. Our method does not require any multi view image data, 3D skeletons, correspondences between 2D 3D points, or use previously learned 3D priors during training. A lifting network accepts 2D landmarks as inputs and generates a corresponding 3D skeleton estimate. Dur ing training, the recovered 3D skeleton is reprojected on random camera viewpoints to generate new 'synthetic' 2D poses. By lifting the synthetic 2D poses back to 3D and re projecting them in the original camera view, we can de fine self consistency loss both in 3D and in 2D. The training can thus be self supervised by exploiting the geometric self consistency of the lift reproject lift process. We show that self consistency alone is not sufficient to generate realistic skeletons, however adding a 2D pose discriminator enables the lifter to output valid 3D poses. Additionally, to learn from 2D poses 'in the wild' we train an unsupervised 2D domain adapter network to allow for an expansion of 2D data. This improves results and demonstrates the useful ness of 2D pose data for unsupervised 3D lifting. Results on Human3.6M dataset for 3D human pose estimation demon strate that our approach improves upon the previous un supervised methods by 30% and outperforms many weakly supervised approaches that explicitly use 3D data.
A Hill Gastropexy Combined with Nissen Fundoplication Appears Equivalent to a Collis Nissen in the Management of Short Esophagus
Venue: Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
Year: 2017

IntroductionA Collis gastroplasty combined with a Nissen fundoplication is commonly used when a shortened esophagus is encountered. An alternative combines intra abdominal fixation of the gastroesophageal junction via a Hill gastropexy with a Nissen fundoplication to maintain length and avoid juxtaposing acid secreting tissue against the diseased esophagus.MethodsA retrospective case controlled analysis of 106 consecutive patients with short esophagus undergoing Hill Nissen (HN) or Collis Nissen (CN) was compared to a cohort of 105 matched patients without short esophagus undergoing primary Nissen fundoplication (NF).ResultsAt a median follow up of 27 months, all groups (HN:CN:NF) improved significantly over preoperative baseline with no differences in overall complications (18 vs 16 vs 19% p 0.78) DeMeester score (11.1 vs 19.1 vs 14.2, p 0.49) postoperative PPI use (16 vs 22 vs 15% p 0.24) anatomic recurrences (11.7 vs 5.5 vs 7% p 0.43) or quality of life (6.8 vs 6.7 vs 6.4, p 0.3).ConclusionsThe management of shortened esophagus with Hill Nissen is safe and as effective as Collis gastroplasty with Nissen fundoplication. Both options appear to produce similar outcomes to patients requiring only a Nissen fundoplication suggesting a shortened esophagus does not beget an inferior outcome.
Improving VAWT performance through parametric studies of rotor design configurations using computational fluid dynamics
Year: 2019

Vertical axis wind turbines present several advantages over the horizontal axis machines that make them suitable to a variety of wind conditions. However, due to the complexity of vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) aerodynamics, available literature on VAWT performance in steady and turbulent wind conditions is limited. This paper aims to numerically predict the performance of a 5 kW VAWT under steady wind conditions through computational fluid dynamics modeling by varying turbine configuration parameters. Two dimensional VAWT models using a cambered blade (1.5% were created with open field boundary extents. Turbine configuration parameters studied include blade mounting position, blade fixing angle, and rotor solidity. Baseline case with peak Cp of 0.31 at tip speed ratio of 4 has the following parameters: mounting position at 0.5c, zero fixing angle, and three blades (solidity 0.3) Independent parametric studies were carried out and results show that a blade mounting position of 0.7c from the leading edge produces the best performance with maximum Cp 0.315 while the worst case is a mounting position of 0.15c with peak Cp 0.273. Fixing angle study reveals a toe out setting of 1deg producing the best performance with peak Cp of 0.315 and the worst setting at toe in of 1.5deg with peak Cp of 0.287. The solidity study resulted in the best case of four blades (solidity 0.4) with peak Cp 0.316 and the worst case of two blades (solidity 0.2) with peak Cp 0.283.
Coupling PCM based Heat Sinks finite elements model for mechatronic devices with Design Optimization procedure
Venue: 2020 IEEE 6th International Conference on Optimization and Applications (ICOA)
Year: 2020

An efficient strategy is presented in the recent study. This strategy leads to determine the best design based on thermal management system of phase change material (PCM) for cooling electronic devices. The phase change material is filled inside the heat sink made of Aluminum. Salt Hydrate is used as PCM to keep the temperature of such devices below the critical temperature by absorbing the thermal energy released by electronic components. In the last few decades, designers try to find the optimal design of such a structure. Then, many methods have been developed to reach this goal.  Optimization (DDO) used proposes to minimize an objective function based on physical constrain (thermal constrain) In fact, the maximum temperature of the electronic device should not reach the critical one, to guarantee its best performance. The proposed strategy is programmed using MATLAB codes which is coupled with the finite element software Ansys. Its efficiency is then verified using a numerical application of PCM based heat sink.
Pengenalan rangkakerja metodologi dalam kajian penyelidikan: satu kajian literatur
Year: 2016

Kajian penyelidikan merupakan kaedah akademik yang diaplikasikan dalam dunia sebenar bagi menyelesaikan masalah berkaitan dengan masyarakat. Proses penyelidikan dalam mencapai objektif kajian mempunyai rangkakerja lengkap termasuk metodologi. Metodologi ialah kaedah digunakan untuk mengutip dan mengumpul data melalui tatacara efektif bagi menjawab permasalahan kajian. Metodologi dibahagikan kepada tiga peringkat iaitu proses perancangan, proses aplikasi dan proses analisis. Kajian literatur rangkakerja metodologi ini mengutamakan proses perancangan yang melibatkan reka bentuk kajian penyelidikan yang boleh dibahagikan kepada eksperimental dan bukan eksperimental. Kaedah eksperimental boleh dikategorikan kepada kajian eksperimental benar dan kajian kuasi eksperimental. Kaedah bukan eksperimental dibahagikan kepada kajian tinjauan, kajian lapangan, kajian kes, kajian tindakan dan kajian sejarah. Kebanyakan kaedah eksperimental digunakan dalam bidang sains tulen, manakala kaedah bukan eksperimental digunakan dalam bidang sains sosial. Walau bagaimanapun, kedua dua kaedah masih relevan untuk diaplikasikan ke dalam bidang bidang kajian tertentu agar dapat mencapai objektif dan hipotesis kajian. Oleh itu, metodologi wajib dirancang dan diaplikasikan dengan betul, tepat dan jitu supaya proses sebelum dan semasa mengutip data serta selepas mengumpul data tidak mengalami sebarang kesalahan, kesilapan dan kecuaian yang boleh menjejaskan kajian peneyelidikan.
Interplay between reverse logistics and circular economy: Critical success factors based taxonomy and framework
Year: 2020

The production and consumption practices that follow the "take make dispose" flow have negatively impacted the environment over time. This has propelled the society to evaluate and seek sustainable development options, where Circular Economy (CE) emerged as a relevant concept. This embraced the accountability for reverse logistics of the end of life products, which is seen as a costly and complex effort to be managed. This article develops a taxonomy for critical success factors (CSFs) of the reverse logistics capable of creating value for the company and its supply chain, from the perspective of the CE technical cycle, and provides a framework that represents the relationship between the CSFs and reverse logistics in the context of the circular supply chain. The methodology adopted was the tertiary literature review using content analysis with a sample of 66 reviews. The proposed taxonomy embraced five CSFs: Material Planning and Management, Life Cycle Assessment, Industrial Sustainability, Information and Communication Technology, and Promoters and Relationships. The framework illustrates how each component of the circular supply chain (i.e. Circular Inputs, Product Design, Process Design and Circular Flows) is influenced by the five CSFs of the reverse logistics obtained, highlighting the Promoters and Relationships CSF, since it influences all components of the circular supply chain and, consequently, reverse logistics.
The Alzheimer structural connectome: changes in cortical network topology with increased amyloid plaque burden.
Venue: Radiology
Year: 2014

To evaluate differences in the structural connectome among patients with normal cognition (NC) mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer disease (AD) and to determine associations between the structural connectome and cortical amyloid deposition.  Patients enrolled in a multicenter biomarker study (Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative [ADNI] 2) who had both baseline diffusion tensor (DT) and florbetapir positron emission tomography (PET) data at the time of data analyses in November 2012 were studied. All institutions received institutional review board approval. There were 102 patients in ADNI 2 who met criteria for analysis. Patients' T1 weighted images were automatically parcellated into cortical regions of interest. Standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr) was calculated from florbetapir PET images for composite cortical regions (frontal, cingulate, parietal, and temporal) Structural connectome graphs were created from DT images, and connectome topology was analyzed in each region by using graph theoretical metrics. Analysis of variance of structural connectome metrics and florbetapir SUVr across diagnostic group was performed. Linear mixed effects models were fit to analyze the effect of florbetapir SUVr on structural connectome metrics.  Diagnostic group (NC, MCI, or AD) was associated with changes in weighted structural connectome metrics, with decreases from the NC group to the MCI group to the AD group shown for (a) strength in the bilateral frontal, right parietal, and bilateral temporal regions (P .05) (b) weighted local efficiency in the left temporal region (P .05) and (c) weighted clustering coefficient in the bilateral frontal and left temporal regions (P .05) Increased cortical florbetapir SUVr was associated with decreases in weighted structural connectome metrics; namely, strength (P .00001) weighted local efficiency (P .00001) and weighted clustering coefficient (P .0006) independent of brain region. For every 0.1 unit increase in florbetapir SUVr, there was a 14% decrease in strength, an 11% decrease in weighted local efficiency, and a 9% decrease in weighted clustering coefficient, regardless of the analyzed cortical region or, in the case of weighted local efficiency and clustering coefficient, diagnostic group.  Increased amyloid burden, as measured with florbetapir PET imaging, is related to changes in the topology of the large scale cortical network architecture of the brain, as measured with graph theoretical metrics of DTI tractography, even in the preclinical stages of AD. Online supplemental material is available for this article.
Activation of persulfate (PS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and application for the degradation of emerging contaminants
Year: 2018

Sulfate radical based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been received increasing attention in recent years due to their high capability and adaptability for the degradation of emerging contaminants. Persulfate (PS, S2O82 and peroxymonosulfate (PMS, HSO5 can be activated by thermal, alkaline, ultraviolet light, activated carbon, transition metal (such as Fe0, Fe2+ Cu2+ Co2+ Ag+ ultrasound and hydrogen peroxide to form sulfate radical (SO4 which is strong oxidant and capable of effectively degrading emerging pollutants. Sulfate radical based AOPs have a series of advantages in comparison with OH based methods, for example: higher oxidation potential, higher selectivity and efficiency to oxidize pollutants containing unsaturated bonds or aromatic ring, wider pH range. Therefore, sulfate radicals are capable of removing the emerging contaminants more efficiently. In this review paper, various methods for the activation of PS and PMS were introduced, including, thermal, alkaline, radiation, transition metal ions and metal oxide, carbonaceous based materials activation and so on; and their possible activation mechanisms were discussed. In addition, the application of activated PS and PMS for the degradation of emerging contaminants and the influencing factors were summarized. Finally, the concluding remarks and perspectives are made for future study on the activation of PS and PMS. This review can provide an overview for the activation and application of PS and PMS for the degradation of emerging contaminants, as well as for the deep understanding of the activation mechanisms of PS and PMS by various methods.
Business is business? Stakeholders and power distributions in guanxi related practices in the Chinese public relations profession: A comparative study of Beijing and Hong Kong
Year: 2016

As a special type of relationship exercised at the level of the individual in Chinese culture, guanxi has been claimed to pervasively affect business practices in China. Using a contextual perspective, this study compared guanxi related practices in Beijing and Hong Kong, two Chinese societies with a similar Confucian heritage but different institutional and cultural traits. Four group interviews were conducted to identify the characteristics of guanxi related practices, their main stakeholders, and the power relationships that exist between them. Public relations practitioners from Hong Kong and Beijing engage in guanxi related practices with similar main stakeholders, except that only practitioners from Beijing valued guanxi with the government. Findings from the group interviews demonstrate regional differences in the closeness components, source of connections, and basic principles governing guanxi related practices.
Manajemen Risiko Infrastruktur Cloud Pemerintah Menggunakan Nist Framework Studi Kasus Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI)
Year: 2017

Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) sejak tahun 2015 telah menggunakan teknologi cloud computing sebagai pengganti infrastruktur data center yang mengalami kerusakan. Teknologi ini merupakan hal baru bagi LIPI. Setiap penerapan teknologi baru, organisasi dihadapkan berbagai peluang dan risiko yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja organisasi tersebut baik positif maupun negatif. Terlebih cloud computing merupakan salah satu skema outsourcing TIK sehingga manajemen risiko yang tepat harus dilaksanakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan manajemen risiko terhadap penggunaan teknologi cloud computing menggunakan framework yang tepat sehingga manfaat dari teknologi tersebut dapat diperoleh secara maksimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan framework NIST SP800 37 revision 1 Guide for Applying the Risk Management Framework to Federal Information Systems Pemilihan framework ini karena sudah banyak diterima berbagai institusi baik pemerintah maupun profesional. Selain itu framework ini telah diadaptasi untuk bisa menyesuaikan dengan lingkungan cloud Enam tahapan dalam framework ini hanya dapat dilaksanakan sampai tahapan ketiga karena keterbatasan penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah terlaksana sampai tahap ketiga adalah tersusunnya dokumen rencana keamanan yang merupakan bagian dari proses manajemen risiko. Diharapkan dokumen rencana keamanan yang berisi kategorisasi sistem informasi, tipe informasi, dan kontrol keamanan yang terpilih dapat diimplementasikan sehingga keamanan lingkunga cloud dapat terjamin.