nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Focusing and scanning through scattering media in microseconds
Year: 2019

Recent advances in computational wavefront shaping have made optical focusing through scattering media a reality. However, most current techniques are too slow to focus, much less image through dynamically changing living biological tissue, such as blood perfused neural networks, which can decorrelate in milliseconds. We introduce a phase control technique using programmable acoustic optic deflectors (AODs) that is orders of magnitude faster than existing wavefront shaping methods. It is based on sending an array of RF encoded beams through the medium and measuring the phases of all scattered beams simultaneously with a fast single pixel detector in just 10 ms. Using the AODs, we then phase conjugate the beams to form a spatio temporal focus. We also demonstrate two dimensional scanning of the focus on a sub millisecond time scale.
Personal knowledge graph population from user utterances in conversational understanding
Venue: 2014 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop (SLT)
Year: 2014

Knowledge graphs provide a powerful representation of entities and the relationships between them, but automatically constructing such graphs from spoken language utterances presents the novelty and numerous challenges. In this paper, we introduce a statistical language understanding approach to automatically construct personal (user centric) knowledge graphs in conversational dialogs. Such information has the potential to better understand the users' requests, fulfilling them, and enabling other technologies such as developing better inferences or proactive interactions. Knowledge encoded in semantic graphs such as Freebase has been shown to benefit semantic parsing and interpretation of natural language utterances. Hence, as a first step, we exploit the personal factual relation triples from Freebase to mine natural language snippets with a search engine, and the resulting snippets containing pairs of related entities to create the training data. This data is then used to build three key language understanding components: (1) Personal Assertion Classification identifies the user utterances that are relevant with personal facts, e.g. "my mother's name is Rosa" (2) Relation Detection classifies the personal assertion utterance into one of the predefined relation classes, e.g. "parents" and (3) Slot Filling labels the attributes or arguments of relations, e.g. "name(parents) Rosa" Our experiments using the Microsoft conversational understanding system demonstrate the performance of this proposed approach on the population of personal knowledge graphs.
Efficient algorithms for approximate member extraction using signature based inverted lists
Venue: CIKM
Year: 2009

We study the problem of approximate membership extraction (AME) i.e. how to efficiently extract substrings in a text document that approximately match some strings in a given dictionary. This problem is important in a variety of applications such as named entity recognition and data cleaning. We solve this problem in two steps. In the first step, for each substring in the text, we filter away the strings in the dictionary that are very different from the substring. In the second step, each candidate string is verified to decide whether the substring should be extracted. We develop an incremental algorithm using signature based inverted lists to minimize the duplicate list scan operations of overlapping windows in the text. Our experimental study of the proposed algorithms on real and synthetic datasets showed that our solutions significantly outperform existing methods in the literature.
Risk Constrained Stochastic Optimization of a Concentrating Solar Power Plant
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy
Year: 2020

A central concentrating solar power (CSP) plant is increasing in the power systems as novel technology in the solar energy sources. Also, solar thermal storage unit is combined with the CSP plant to increase flexibility and decrease the dependence on the instantaneous solar radiation. Furthermore, the CSP plant can be obtained the optimal offering strategies to submit to the electricity market in order to sell the produced power and increase the expected profit. In this paper, the uncertainty modeling of solar irradiation and electricity market price is a big challenge for a CSP plant. Therefore, the scenario based stochastic framework is proposed for optimal scheduling of a CSP plant in the presence of uncertainties to obtain optimal offering curves in order to sell to power market. Also, the risk related to uncertainties is considered via the downside risk constraints (DRC) which leads to obtain risk constrained stochastic optimization of a CSP plant. The proposed model is formulated as mixed integer linear programming, which is solved via CPLEX solver under GAMS optimization software. Risk averse strategy is introduced in comparison with risk neutral strategy to investigate the impacts of DRC implementation, which leads to decrease the expected profit while the expected risk in profit reduced.
The effect of transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior mediated by job satisfaction and organizational commitment Study at Islamic Bank in Malang Raya
Year: 2017

Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) has an effect on organization effectiveness. This behavior has important consequences in workplace. OCB can contribute to organizational effectiveness through improved performance, enabling the organization to adapt to changes in environment, and strengthen coordination in working group. Because the effect on organizational effectiveness, it is important to investigate variables that can improve Employee OCB in organization. This study aims to investigate the effect of transformational leadership on OCB, to determine the effect of job satisfaction on organizational commitment, to identify the role of job satisfaction and organizational commitment to mediate the effect of transformational leadership on OCB. The population was all employees at Bank Shariah, consists of Bank Mandiri Shariah, BTN Shariah, BNI shariah, and BRI Shariah with total 436 employees. Samples are 140 full time employees selected by proportional random sampling technique. Data is collected directly from respondents by questionnaires and analyzed by PLS. The results showed that transformational leadership has no significant effect on OCB, job satisfaction affect on organizational commitment, job satisfaction mediates the effect of transformational leadership on OCB and organizational commitment mediates the effect of transformational leadership on OCB.
User Experience Design Methodology for Optimizing Kids' Toy Customization Platform Architecture: A Case Study
Venue: HCI
Year: 2019

There is a study concerning the optimization of kids' toy customization platform architecture with user experience design methodology. In this paper, we aimed at the kids' toy internet customization platform, analyzed the basic characteristics of children who are the main target users of service and described dual user mode. This paper presented a case study on the Kids Creation Station toy customization platform. There are the characteristics of complex service process, many stakeholders and many users with special feature on kids' toy internet customization platform, therefore, this paper synthesized and implemented some methods and tools in interaction design and service design, and used behavior logic to organize processes, contact points and interfaces to build a better user experience. Basing on the case analysis and following with the dual user mental model, we applied the methods of service blueprint analysis to evaluate, insight and optimize existing platforms, proposed the architecture of the kids' toy internet customization platform with 3D printing technology. We explored the compared and comprehensive approach in service design and interaction design. This research conceived the future overall services format based on the principle of customization design manufacture logistics social, and provided reference for the development and promotion of personalized customization and intelligent manufacturing.
PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING AND ITS RELATION TO ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN GEORGIAN CONTEXT
Year: 2012

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Random Path Selection for Continual Learning
Venue: NeurIPS
Year: 2019

Incremental life long learning is a main challenge towards the long standing goal of Artificial General Intelligence. In real life settings, learning tasks arrive in a sequence and machine learning models must continually learn to increment already acquired knowledge. The existing incremental learning approaches fall well below the state of the art cumulative models that use all training classes at once. In this paper, we propose a random path selection algorithm, called RPS Net, that progressively chooses optimal paths for the new tasks while encouraging parameter sharing and reuse. Our approach avoids the overhead introduced by computationally expensive evolutionary and reinforcement learning based path selection strategies while achieving considerable performance gains. As an added novelty, the proposed model integrates knowledge distillation and retrospection along with the path selection strategy to overcome catastrophic forgetting. In order to maintain an equilibrium between previous and newly acquired knowledge, we propose a simple controller to dynamically balance the model plasticity. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that the proposed method surpasses the state of the art performance on incremental learning and by utilizing parallel computation this method can run in constant time with nearly the same efficiency as a conventional deep convolutional neural network.
The Innovation Potential of Sensory Augmentation for Public Space
Year: 2019

Potential for the improvement of public space through technology is often sought in telephone applications. However, public space exists by grace of physical interaction between people and their environment, whereas smartphones often get in the way of such interaction. In contrast, Sensory Augmentation takes physical interaction as a starting point for applications. In this paper, we therefore explore the innovation potential of Sensory Augmentation for the improvement of public space. This was done by organizing brainstorm sessions aimed to yield design concepts for the application of sensory augmentation in public space. These brainstorms brought together experts in Sensory Augmentation with various stakeholders and resulted in 34 unique design concepts that addressed social interaction, play, health, navigation, and art, in public space. These concepts, for example, included a tool for the management of private space using a personal distance to vibration mapping, a sense for physiological changes that are indicative of hunger, and a proposal to improve the safety of 'smartphone Zombies' On the basis of our analysis of the 34 concepts, we conclude that Sensory Augmentation holds a broad potential to improve public space. As such, our research provides a first look into this innovation potential and may guide further research on it.
Privacy in Internet of Things: From Principles to Technologies
Venue: IEEE Internet of Things Journal
Year: 2019

Ubiquitous deployment of low cost smart devices and widespread use of high speed wireless networks have led to the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) IoT embraces countless physical objects that have not been involved in the traditional Internet and enables their interaction and cooperation to provide a wide range of IoT applications. Many services in the IoT may require a comprehensive understanding and analysis of data collected through a large number of physical devices that challenges both personal information privacy and the development of IoT. Information privacy in IoT is a broad and complex concept as its understanding and perception differ among individuals and its enforcement requires efforts from both legislation as well as technologies. In this paper, we review the state of the art principles of privacy laws, the architectures for IoT and the representative privacy enhancing technologies (PETs) We analyze how legal principles can be supported through a careful implementation of PETs at various layers of a layered IoT architecture model to meet the privacy requirements of the individuals interacting with IoT systems. We demonstrate how privacy legislation maps to privacy principles which in turn drives the design of necessary PETs to be employed in the IoT architecture stack.
Dance Science: Anatomy, Movement Analysis, Conditioning
Year: 2015

Rather than focusing on dance injuries, this book takes a positive approach showing what a dancer can do to dance better, which, in turn, will decrease injury rates. It presents human anatomy and motion in a functional, dance specific way that teaches the readers to appreciate and take ownership of their bodies through a tour of the musculoskeletal system and movement analysis. The book is divided into three parts. Part one, Anatomy, describes the specific characteristics that affect motion at each individual joint, demonstrated by a variety of hands on activities for readers to perform. Part two, Movement Analysis, discusses muscles that produce movement and introduces readers to a system of movement analysis. Part three, Conditioning, provides a practical, integrative approach to exercise for enhanced performance. The written material is accompanied by anatomical line drawings commissioned for the book, photographs, and an assortment of experiential activities specifically designed for dancers.
Mediation of Electronegative Low Density Lipoprotein Signaling by LOX 1: A Possible Mechanism of Endothelial Apoptosis
Venue: Circulation research
Year: 2009

The lectin like oxidized LDL receptor LOX 1 mediates endothelial cell (EC) uptake of experimentally prepared copper oxidized LDL (oxLDL) To confirm the atherogenic role of this receptor cloned against copper oxLDL, we examined whether it mediates EC uptake of L5, an electronegative LDL abundant in dyslipidemic but not normolipidemic human plasma. Hypercholesterolemic (LDL cholesterol, >160 mg/dL) human LDL was fractionated into L1 L5, increasingly electronegative, by ion exchange chromatography. In cultured bovine aortic ECs (BAECs) L5 upregulated LOX 1 and induced apoptosis. Transfection of BAECs with LOX 1 specific small interfering RNAs (siLOX 1) minimized baseline LOX 1 production and restrained L5 induced LOX 1 upregulation. Internalization of labeled L1 L5 was monitored in BAECs and human umbilical venous ECs by fluorescence microscopy. LOX 1 knockdown with siLOX 1 impeded the endocytosis of L5 but not L1 L4. In contrast, blocking LDL receptor with RAP (LDL receptor associated protein) stopped the internalization of L1 L4 but not L5. Although chemically different, L5 and oxLDL competed for EC entry through LOX 1. Via LOX 1, L5 signaling hampered Akt phosphorylation and suppressed EC expression of fibroblast growth factor 2 and Bcl 2. L5 also selectively inhibited Bcl xL expression and endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation but increased synthesis of Bax, Bad, and tumor necrosis factor &agr; Blocking Akt phosphorylation with wortmannin increased LOX 1 expression, suggesting a modulatory role of Akt in LOX 1 synthesis; L5 upregulated LOX 1 by dephosphorylating Akt. Because endothelial nitric oxide synthase and Bcl 2 activities are Akt dependent, L5 impairs Akt mediated growth and survival signals in vascular ECs by way of LOX 1. Thus, the L5/LOX 1 complex may play a critical role in atherogenesis and illuminate important targets for disease intervention.
Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from the Top Three Emitters in Africa
Year: 2019

This study analyses the cointegration and the causal relationship between energy consumption, economic growth and carbon emissions, using aggregate and disaggregate measures of energy consumption for Algeria, Egypt and South Africa over the period 1971 2015. Based on the ARDL, our results show that aggregate energy consumption and economic growth have positive and significant impacts on carbon dioxide (CO2) both in the long and short run in those countries. At the disaggregated level, the main energy related drives of carbon emissions are oil, electricity and coal consumption in Algeria, Egypt and South Africa, respectively. In addition, the implementation of the Toda Yamamoto test for causality reveals the existence of several types of relationship between CO2 emissions, economic growth and energy consumption.
Psychological features of aggressive behavior of adolescents
Year: 2019

To date, the problem of aggressiveness, hostility and their manifestations in the behavior of adolescents is especially relevant, as evidenced by a large number of studies in various fields of science and practice. At present, the questions are: why are some teenagers too aggressive and others do not show similar reactions, what is the reason for the manifestation of aggressiveness individual characteristics or the environment, are there educational programs, corrective technologies aimed at lowering hyperagressivity to a conditionally normal level that would did not destroy the personality itself, did not harm others and provided a full fledged ability for social cooperation more and more attracts the attention of researchers of different specialties teachers, psychologists, psychiatrists, lawyers and others. The article considers the problem of aggressiveness in adolescence. The article provides definitions of aggression, aggressiveness, hostility; the characteristic of types of aggression is given; the reasons for the formation of teenage aggressiveness and especially the manifestation of aggressiveness in adolescence.
From double to triple porosity modelling of bentonite pellet mixtures
Year: 2020

The present work analyses the hydro mechanical behaviour of bentonite pellet mixtures using a macroscopic overlapping continua approach based on a triple porosity model. Two macrostructural functional levels are considered (inter pellet pore space and void space between the clay aggregates inside the pellets) as well as a microstructural level (corresponding to the space inside the aggregates) This triple porosity approach reveals that, when assuming a double porosity model, the intrinsic permeability, the tortuosity and the degree of saturation of the single macrostructural level under consideration are the average values of the state functions of the adopted triple porosity model, but are not state functions themselves. The analysis also illustrates that, when assuming the same liquid pressure for the two macrostructural levels of the triple porosity model, it is relatively easy to expand upon the calculation procedures initially developed for a double porosity model to include a triple porosity model. When evaluating the applicability of the model, quality results were obtained, comparable to those of a triple porosity model, for both open and closed bentonite pellet mixtures. The results are better than those obtained with a double porosity model, since the state functions have a stronger physic base when using a triple porosity approach. Encouraging results are also obtained when analysing the overall swelling of a bentonite block and a mixture of bentonite pellets, using the same parameters for both materials. Therefore, given its capacity for relatively simple incorporation in a double porosity models, the model offers an interesting tool for researchers working on improving the characterisation of bentonite pellet mixtures.
Dissection of genetic architecture for glucosinolate accumulations in leaves and seeds of Brassica napus by genome wide association study
Venue: Plant biotechnology journal
Year: 2019

Glucosinolates (GSLs) whose degradation products have been shown to be increasingly important for human health and plant defence, compose important secondary metabolites found in the order Brassicales. It is highly desired to enhance pest and disease resistance by increasing the leaf GSL content while keeping the content low in seeds of Brassica napus, one of the most important oil crops worldwide. Little is known about the regulation of GSL accumulation in the leaves. We quantified the levels of 9 different GSLs and 15 related traits in the leaves of 366 accessions and found that the seed and leaf GSL content were highly correlated (r 0.79) A total of 78 loci were associated with GSL traits, and five common and eleven tissue specific associated loci were related to total leaf and seed GSL content. Thirty six candidate genes were inferred to be involved in GSL biosynthesis. The candidate gene BnaA03g40190D (BnaA3.MYB28) was validated by DNA polymorphisms and gene expression analysis. This gene was responsible for high leaf/low seed GSL content and could explain 30.62% of the total leaf GSL variation in the low seed GSL panel and was not fixed during double low rapeseed breeding. Our results provide new insights into the genetic basis of GSL variation in leaves and seeds and may facilitate the metabolic engineering of GSLs and the breeding of high leaf/low seed GSL content in B. napus.
The Impact of Coffee on Health.
Venue: Planta medica
Year: 2017

Coffee is one of the most popular and widely consumed beverages worldwide due to its stimulating effects on the central nervous system as well as its taste and aroma. Coffee is a complex mixture of more than 800 volatile compounds whereas caffeine and chlorogenic acids are the most common compounds. During the last years, coffee has progressively moved to a less negative position on health due to its better known pharmacology. Caffeine, e.g. in a cup of coffee, appears to exert most of its effects through an antagonism of the adenosine receptors. Novel approaches in epidemiological studies and experimental researches suggest that coffee consumption may help to prevent several chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and liver disease. Most prospective cohort studies have not found coffee consumption to be associated with a significantly increased cardiovascular disease risk. There is also evidence that decaffeinated coffee may, in some respect, have similar benefits as regular coffee, indicating that besides caffeine other components contribute to the health protecting effects. For adults consuming moderate amounts of coffee (3 4 cups/d providing 300 400 mg/d of caffeine) there is little evidence of health risks and some evidence of health benefits. This review provides up to date information about coffee on health. Topics addressed include the cardiovascular system, liver diseases, and diabetes as well as gastrointestinal disorders.