nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Relations between young adults' knowledge and understanding, experiences, and information behavior in personal finance matters
Year: 2019

BackgroundIn Germany, general secondary education offers few opportunities for young adults to acquire knowledge and understanding of personal finance. Hence, apart from parents' influence as role models, important influences on young adults' financial knowledge and understanding likely include their personal experience with financial products and their behavior of informally seeking information about specific financial products.MethodsIn this paper, we investigate the relationships between these latter variables based on a sample of 1108 young adults from Germany, aged 17 25, beginning their studies in higher education. Knowledge and understanding of personal finance was assessed using the German adaptation of the US Test of Financial Literacy. In this paper, we focus on the dimension 'Banking' (covering financial investing, saving, using credit) In addition, we surveyed young adults' experience in basic personal finance matters (e.g. having a bank account, using a credit card, paying for rent) and their information behavior towards specific financial products (e.g. stocks, investment, retirement plans, and insurance).ResultsThe data set was prepared through multiple imputation and analyzed using regression models. The results show clear correlations between knowledge and understanding in the dimension 'Banking' and both experience and information behavior in personal finance matters.ConclusionsOur findings illustrate how important it is that young adults obtain experience with and actively inform themselves about financial products, particularly in countries such as Germany where personal finance is not taught extensively and systematically in school.
Machine learning, social learning and the governance of self driving cars
Venue: Social studies of science
Year: 2018

Self driving cars, a quintessentially 'smart' technology, are not born smart. The algorithms that control their movements are learning as the technology emerges. Self driving cars represent a high stakes test of the powers of machine learning, as well as a test case for social learning in technology governance. Society is learning about the technology while the technology learns about society. Understanding and governing the politics of this technology means asking 'Who is learning, what are they learning and how are they learning? Focusing on the successes and failures of social learning around the much publicized crash of a Tesla Model S in 2016, I argue that trajectories and rhetorics of machine learning in transport pose a substantial governance challenge. 'Self driving' or 'autonomous' cars are misnamed. As with other technologies, they are shaped by assumptions about social needs, solvable problems, and economic opportunities. Governing these technologies in the public interest means improving social learning by constructively engaging with the contingencies of machine learning.
Fear generalization of implicit conditioned facial features Behavioral and magnetoencephalographic correlates
Venue: NeuroImage
Year: 2020

Conditioned fear frequently generalizes towards perceptually similar, but harmless stimuli. Knowledge on these similarities between conditioned stimuli (CS) and generalization stimuli (GS) may be explicit or implicit. Employing behavioral measures and whole head magnetoencephalography, we here investigated the neurocognitive mechanisms underpinning implicit fear generalization. Twenty nine participants underwent classical conditioning with 32 different faces that were either paired with an aversive scream (16 CS+ or remained unpaired (16 CS CS+ and CS faces systematically differed from each other regarding their ratio of eye distance and mouth width. High versus low values on this "threat related feature" implicitly predicted the presence (TF+ or absence (TF of the aversive scream. In pre and post conditioning phases, all CS and 32 novel GS faces were presented. 16 GS faces shared the threat related feature of the 16 CS faces, while 16 GS faces shared the threat related feature of the 16 CS faces. Behavioral tests confirmed that participants were fully unaware of TF US contingency. CS compared to CS faces revealed higher unpleasantness, arousal and US expectancy ratings. Behavioral generalization to the GS compared to GS faces was observed by trend only. Source estimations of event related fields showed stronger neural responses to both CS+ and GS compared to CS and GS in anterior temporal <100 ms) and temporo occipital <150 ms; 553 587 ms) brain regions. Reverse effects were found in dorsal frontal areas <100 ms; 173 203 ms; 257 290 ms) consistent with a reduced frontal inhibition of stimuli sharing the TF of the CS+ Neural data also revealed selectively enhanced responses to CS but not GS stimuli in occipital regions (110 167 ms; 330 413 ms) Our data suggest that the prioritized perceptual analysis of threat associated conditioned faces rapidly generalizes to novel individuals sharing threat related features. This generalization process occurs in absence of awareness and may thus contribute to implicit attentional biases. The observed temporal sequence suggests that generalization is not a mere consequence of insufficient discrimination but rather an active, integrative process.
Assessment of a Sustainable Electrochemical Ammonia Production System Using Photoelectrochemically Produced Hydrogen under Concentrated Sunlight
Year: 2017

Intensive fossil fuel usage in ammonia production is considered nonsustainable; hence, alternative ammonia synthesis options are under investigation. In this study, a comprehensive study on environmental impact assessment is performed to investigate the electrochemical synthesis of ammonia at ambient pressure using photoelectrochemically produced hydrogen under concentrated solar light. The photoelectrochemical reactor consists of a membrane electrode assembly with a copper oxide semiconductor on a stainless steel cathode plate. The electrolyte for ammonia synthesis is molten salt containing a eutectic mixture of NaOH and KOH. The electrodes and wires are made of nickel. The life cycle assessment of the concentrated light photoelectrochemical hydrogen production is initially performed and integrated to molten salt based electrochemical ammonia synthesis. The material and energy requirements of the life cycle assessment are taken from the experimental data. The results imply that electrochemical ammonia sy.
Distributed representations of protein domains and genomes and their compositionality
Year: 2019

Learning algorithms have at their disposal an ever growing number of metagenomes for biomining and the study of microbial functions. We propose a novel representation of function called nanotext that scales to very large data sets while capturing precise functional relationships. These relationships are learned from a corpus of 32 thousand genome assemblies with 145 million protein domains. We treat the protein domains in a genome like words in a document, assuming that protein domains in a similar context have similar "meaning" This meaning can be distributed by the Word2Vec embedding algorithm over a vector of numbers. These vectors not only encode function but can be used to predict even complex genomic features and phenotypes. We apply nanotext to data from the Tara ocean expedition to predict plausible culture media and growth temperatures for microorganisms from their metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) alone. nanotext is freely released under a BSD licence (https:/github.com/phiweger/nanotext)
Two point seismic ray tracing in layered media using bending
Year: 2014

We develop an efficient algorithm for two point seismic ray tracing in layered media by means of the bending method based on the Fermat's principle of stationary traveltime. We use the fact that the matrix of the second derivatives of traveltime function with respect to the points of intersection at the interfaces has a block tridiagonal structure. This feature enables efficient matrix inversion and leads to a fast implementation of the Newton Raphson method for finding a ray path with stationary traveltime.
A Comparison of Floating Electrode DBD and kINPen Jet: Plasma Parameters to Achieve Similar Growth Reduction in Colon Cancer Cells Under Standardized Conditions
Venue: Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing
Year: 2017

A comparative study of two plasma sources (floating electrode dielectric barrier discharge, DBD, Drexel University; atmospheric pressure argon plasma jet, kINPen, INP Greifswald) on cancer cell toxicity was performed. Cell culture protocols, cytotoxicity assays, and procedures for assessment of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were standardized between both labs. The inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) and its corresponding H2O2 deposition was determined for both devices. For the DBD, IC50 and H2O2 generation were largely dependent on the total energy input but not pulsing frequency, treatment time, or total number of cells. DBD cytotoxicity could not be replicated by addition of H2O2 alone and was inhibited by larger amounts of liquid present during the treatment. Jet plasma toxicity depended on peroxide generation as well as total cell number and amount of liquid. Thus, the amount of liquid present during plasma treatment in vitro is key in attenuating short lived species or other physical effects from plasmas. These in vitro results suggest a role of liquids in or on tissues during plasma treatment in a clinical setting. Additionally, we provide a platform for correlation between different plasma sources for a predefined cellular response.
Effect of Active Learning in Form of Scientific Approach with Assistance of Student Worksheets Based Problem Based Learning (PBL) Towards Students Biology Psychomotor Competence in Bacterial Material
Year: 2019

Purpose of the research was to know effect of Active Learning in form of scientific approach with assistance of student worksheets based Problem Based Learning to wards students' Biology competence. It was a quasi experimental research by using randomized control posted only design The population was students in grade X MIPA of SMAN 1 Pasaman registered in academic year 2018/2019. Samples were taken by using Purposive Sampling technique. As a result, X MIPA 4 was as experimental class and X MIPA 3 as control class. Instrument used was psychomotor competence observation sheet. Data analysis was conducted by using Mann Whitney U test. The finding showed that there is a significant difference between students' biology competence in experimental class and control class, in which students' biology competence in experimental class is higher than in control class. Average score of students' biology competence in experimental class is 3.29 (B+ and in control class is 3.15 (B) So, it can be concluded that Active Learning in form of scientific approach with assistance of student worksheets based Problem Based Learning can improve students' Biology competence
Importance of Closed Loop Supply Chain in the Product Recovery Processes such as Remanufacturing
Year: 2012

Study of Closed Loop Supply Chain process is necessary for understanding the reuse, remanufacturing, recycling disposal and other product recovery processes for perfect decision making in regard to End of Life products. Managing the Closed Loop Supply Chain process is not an easy task for manufacturers and hence the study of product acquisition management, reverse logistics with inspection and deposition is important. Reverse Logistic collection for End ofLife product is described in this study through centralized and decentralized Reverse Supply Chain Models for optimum profit through proper product recovery process. Product Life Cycle is an important tool for guiding, understanding and predicting time sensitiveness and insensitiveness of products. For Closed Loop Supply Chain process, the study of Product Life Cycle and Product Cannibalization is necessary for arriving at optimum product recovery process resulting in
Blockchain Eco System for Thai Insect Industry: A Smart Contract Conceptual Framework
Venue: 2019 22nd International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)
Year: 2019

As the world population is increasing day by day, providing food for this increasing population is a difficult task due to climatic changes and related water shortage. To meet the nutrition and food challenges of today, the world is nowadays looking for a new food source other than animals and plants as some of the most common food sources. As a future perspective, the research community is now eyeing the use of insects as a future food source. Despite some existing markets, Thailand has the highest edible insect species in the world. The disruptive technology has been playing the leading role to promote competitiveness for small businesses recently. It is, therefore, in this paper, a blockchain ecosystem for Thai insect industry is proposed to create a credible and traceable insect business in Thailand. Additionally, the smart contract is mainly used for creating a transparent and reliable insect business in the modern world.
Full mouth rehabilitation utilizing computer guided implant surgery and CAD/CAM
Year: 2019

Computer aided design and manufacturing and implant surgery using a guide template improve restoration driven implant treatment procedures. This case utilized those digital technologies to make definitive prostheses for a patient. According to the work flow of digital dentistry, cone beam computed tomography established the treatment plan, which was followed to make the guide template for implant placement. The template guided the implants to be installed as planned. The customized abutments and surveyed fixed restorations were digitally designed and made. The metal framework of the removable partial denture was cast from resin pattern using an additive manufacturing technique, and the artificial resin teeth were replaced with the zirconia onlays for occlusal stability. These full mouth rehabilitation procedures provided functionally and aesthetically satisfactory results for the patient.
Toward the understanding of temperature effect on bonding strength, dimensions and geometry of 3D printed parts
Venue: Journal of Materials Science
Year: 2020

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) which is an additive manufacturing technique, opens alternative possibilities for complex geometries fabrication. However, its use in functional products is limited due to anisotropic strength issues. Indeed, the strength of FFF fabricated parts across successive layers in the build direction Z direction) can be significantly lower than the strength in X Y directions. This strength weakness has been attributed to poor bonding between printed layers. This bonding depends on the temperature of the current layer being deposited at melting temperature T m and the temperature of the previously deposited layer. It is assumed that depositing a layer at T m on a layer at temperature around crystallization temperature T c would enable higher material crystallinity and thus better bonding between previous and present layers. On the contrary, if the previous layer temperature is below T c material crystallinity will be low and bonding strength weak. This paper aims at studying the significant effect of temperature difference (D T between previous and current deposited layers temperatures on (1) inter layers bonding strength improvement and (2) part dimensions, geometry and structure stability. A 23% increase in the inter layers bonding strength for previous layer temperature slightly higher than T c reported here confirms the above assumption and offers a first solution toward the increase in inter layers bonding strength in FFF.
A novel method based on infrared spectroscopic inception resnet networks for the detection of the major fish allergen parvalbumin.
Venue: Food chemistry
Year: 2020

We have developed a novel approach that involves inception resnet network (IRN) modeling based on infrared spectroscopy (IR) for rapid and specific detection of the fish allergen parvalbumin. SDS PAGE and ELISA were used to validate the new method. Through training and learning with parvalbumin IR spectra from 16 fish species, IRN, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) models were successfully established and compared. The IRN model extracted highly representative features from the IR spectra, leading to high accuracy in recognizing parvalbumin (up to 97.3% in a variety of seafood matrices. The proposed infrared spectroscopic IRN (IR IRN) method was rapid ~20 min, cf. ELISA ~4 h) and required minimal expert knowledge for application. Thus, it could be extended for large scale field screening and identification of parvalbumin or other potential allergens in complex food matrices.
Squeezing and rubbing corn thresher based on multiple rows of roller chains
Year: 2015

The invention discloses a squeezing and rubbing corn thresher based on multiple rows of roller chains, and belongs to the field of agricultural product producing and processing equipment. The squeezing and rubbing corn thresher comprises a rack, a cover plate is arranged at the outer side of the rack, belt wheels are arranged at the outer side of the cover plate, and motors are arranged on and under the rack respectively and connected with the belt wheels; positioning rods are arranged on the rack and connected with bearing pedestals through fasteners, and bearings are arranged on the bearing pedestals; an upper squeezing and rubbing mechanism and a lower squeezing and rubbing mechanism are arranged in the rack and connected to the corresponding bearings, and each squeezing and rubbing mechanism comprises a driving shaft and a driven shaft, wherein the two ends of the driving shaft and the two ends of the driven shaft are connected to the corresponding bearings, the multiple rows of roller chains are meshed with the driving shaft and the driven shaft, wedged threshing racks are axially arranged on the outer surfaces of the roller chains, screen holes are formed by gaps between rollers, and the driving shaft is connected with the corresponding belt wheel through the corresponding bearing. A feeding port is formed in the right side of the rack, a cob discharging port is formed in the left side, a grain outlet is formed below the lower squeezing and rubbing mechanism, a feeding baffle is connected below the feeding port, and the lower edge of the feeding baffle is located above the lower squeezing and rubbing mechanism.
Spatial cognition: robot target localization in open arenas based on rat studies
Venue: Defense, Security, and Sensing
Year: 2013

We describe our latest work in understanding spatial localization in open arenas based on rat studies and corresponding modeling with simulated and physical robots. The studies and experiments focus on goal oriented navigation where both rats and robots exploit distal cues to localize and find a goal in an open environment. The task involves training of both rats and robots to find the shortest path to the goal from multiple starting points in the environment. The spatial cognition model is based on the rat's brain neurophysiology of the hippocampus extending previous work by analyzing granularity of localization in relation to a varying number and position of landmarks. The robot integrates internal and external information to create a topological map of the environment and to generate shortest routes to the goal through path integration. One of the critical challenges for the robot is to analyze the similarity of positions and distinguish among different locations using visual cues and previous paths followed to reach the current position. We describe the robotics architecture used to develop, simulate and experiment with physical robots.
Sedikitnya selama tiga dasawarsa, kebijakan yang sentralistis dan pengawalan yang ketat terhadap isu perbedaan telah menghilangkan kemampuan masyarakat untuk memikirkan, membicarakan dan memecahkan persoalan yang muncul dari perbedaan secara terbuka, rasional dan damai. Kekerasan antar kelompok yang
Year: 2018

Pendidikan Islam tidak membeda bedakan etnik, ras dan lain sebagainya. Manusia semuanya adalah sama, yang membedakannya adalah ketakwaan mereka kepada Allah SWT. Dalam Islam, pendidikan multikultural mencerminkan bagaimana tingginya penghargaan Islam terhadap ilmu pengetahuan dan tidak ada perbedaan di antara manusia dalam bidang ilmu. Di Indonesia pendidikan multikultural merupakan pendekatan progresif untuk melakukan transformasi pendidikan secara menyeluruh untuk membongkar praktik praktik diskriminatif dalam proses pendidikan. Pendidikan multikultural didasarkan pada gagasan keadilan sosial dan persamaan hak dalam pendidikan. Tulisan ini mengkritisi James Banks yang menjelaskan bahwa pendidikan multikultural memiliki lima dimensi yang saling berkaitan, namun idelanya dalam pembelajaran hanya membutuhkan penanaman kesadaran kepada siswa yang berdasar pada nilai nilai kebersamaan dan ke Islaman serta memfasilitasi proses belajar mengajar yang mengubah perspektif monokultural yang esensial, penuh prasangka dan diskriminatif ke perspektif multikulturalis yang menghargai keragaman dan perbedaan, toleran dan sikap terbuka.
The Role of Business Leaders in Information Technology Innovation in the New Era of Disruptive Technology
Year: 2019

The new era of disruptive technologies such as internet of things (IoT) robotic process automation (RPA) and virtual reality (VR) not only contributes to the growth of marketplaces but also changes the individuals' experiences in using new technology. This study examines the role of business leaders in the new era of disruptive technology and how it can fundamentally change the organisations or individuals to adapt to work challenges in changing market dynamics across industries. The research questions include what are the role of business leaders in Information Technology (IT) innovation; what are the major challenges and how business leaders overcome the challenges. Based on data gathered through interviews among the business leaders with accounting background, the findings revealed that support from the business leaders is necessary to motivate and encourage IT users to innovate with new technology. However, resistant to change, feeling complacent and anxious towards new technology are some of the challenges that the business leaders have to deal with IT users. Business leaders believed that management involvement, continuous discussion, educating IT users, demonstration of knowledge and coaching will help to motivate and inspire IT users to make full use on the benefits of new technology. The contribution of the study are two folds. Theoretically, it promotes the new rival of theory or framework that goes beyond the traditional IT use. Practically, business leaders are open to new approaches, develop and gain support for team vision, implement and execute a strategy effectively.