nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of a Reversible ALU with Novel Reversible Logic Gate Structures
Year: 2017

In digital computer system a major problem has been found that the Power dissipation which leads to bring some research on the methods to decrease this power dissipation. This is the main cause to give birth to reversible computing systems for digital computers and designs. The main aim of this reversible computing is to lower the power dissipation and some other advantages like security of data and prevention of errors etc. Reversible logic has so many applications low power CMOS, nanotechnology, DNA computing and quantum computing. There are two primary design implementations in this study which are the major spotlights. The first one is reversible design gate and the second one is multiplier design using reversible gates. In this manuscript we have implemented a 8 8 reversible design called "NSG" The total project is implemented in Xilinx 14.7 ISE with Spartan 3E family.
Plug And Pipeline: Efficient Regularization for Single Step Adversarial Training
Venue: 2020 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW)
Year: 2020

Adversarial Training (AT) is a straight forward solution to learn robust models by augmenting the training mini batches with adversarial samples. Adversarial attack methods range from simple non iterative (single step) methods to computationally complex iterative (multi step) methods. Although the single step methods are efficient, the models trained using these methods merely appear to be robust, due to the masked gradients. In this work, we propose a novel regularizer named Plug And Pipeline (PAP) for single step AT. The proposed regularizer attenuates the gradient masking effect by promoting the model to learn similar representations for both single step and multi step adversaries. Further, we present a novel pipelined approach that allows an efficient implementation of the proposed regularizer. Plug And Pipeline yields robustness comparable to multi step AT methods, while requiring a low computational overhead, similar to that of single step AT methods.
Astrocyte phenotype in relation to Alzheimer type pathology in the ageing brain
Venue: Neurobiology of Aging
Year: 2010

Astrocyte pathology occurs in association with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in brain ageing, but is poorly characterised. We sought to define the detailed cellular pathology of astrocytes, the extent of population variation and the relationship to Alzheimer type changes in a population based cohort. Three staining patterns were associated with GFAP and excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) minimal, moderate or extensive immunoreactivity. GFAP and EAAT2 expression were inversely related (p=0.015) with trends to increased expression of GFAP (p=0.019) and decreased expression of EAAT2 (p=ns) with increasing Braak stage. GFAP and EAAT2 correlated incompletely with beta amyloid and tau immunoreactivity. However, gliosis increased with increasing burden of neuritic (p=0.011) but not diffuse (p=ns) plaques. Double staining revealed distinct subsets of astrocytes; GFAP()EAAT( GFAP( )EAAT( or GFAP()EAAT( In contrast to the variation in GFAP and EAAT2, levels of EAAT1 and S100B showed consistent staining patterns. Alzheimer type pathology only partially explains the variation in gliosis and astrocyte functional markers, suggesting that other factors contribute to the population variance in astrocyte pathology.
Distributed and Collaborative Product Design Concepts Evaluation by Using Heterogeneous Terminal Devices
Year: 2013

It is common in engineering design practice for designers and engineers to evaluate design concepts to determine if the design solutions meet requirements. The common practice has been to use virtual models on visual display terminals and/or physical models to evaluate design concepts. The emerging heterogeneous terminal devices including mobile terminal devices with miniature displays such as smartphones and tablet PCs offer alternative ways of visualizing design concepts and of performing the evaluation tasks. In the work presented in this paper, we attempted to address the challenge of using handheld terminal devices with limited computational resources and miniature displays in design concepts evaluation. We propose a new distributed and collaborative product design concepts evaluation scheme in which the evaluation is performed based on virtual models and product data displayed on heterogeneous terminal devices, including handheld devices. This scheme consists of methods and mechanisms that help to sync the needs of the evaluation task at hand with the available computational resources and display specifications. A practical example is used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed product design concept evaluation scheme and how it can be used in practice. The major contribution of the reported work was creation of novel high level model pre processing algorithmic procedures for adapting product models to meet the evaluation task requirements and terminal device resource constraints.
AN INTEGRATED RISK BASED TECHNIQUE FOR PROJECT PLAN SELECTION
Year: 2009

Selecting an effective project plan is a significant area in the project management. The present paper introduces a technique to identify the project plan efficient frontier for assessing the alternative project plans and selecting the best plan. The efficient frontier includes two criteria: the project cost and the project time. Besides, the paper presents a scheme to incorporate Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) into the project risk analysis. This scheme is used to estimate the expected impacts of the occurrence of the project risks on the project cost and the project time. Also, a theoretical model is defined to provide integration between project risk analysis and overall project planning using the breakdown structures. We believe that applying the proposed technique helps the company's managers in most effective manner dealing with his complicated project plan assessment and selection problems. The application of the technique was implemented in the companies in construction industry in which represented a considerable cost and time improvements.
The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2: understanding mobile device use at festivals
Venue: Leisure Studies
Year: 2019

This research advances understanding of mobile device use in a leisure context by applying and expanding the Unified Theory of the Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) to festival settings. Through on site surveys at three festivals the UTAUT2 model and an adapted version for mobile device use at a festival were examined using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Results reveal that the modified UTAUT2 demonstrates good fit, and the main factors affecting device use at festivals are performance expectancy, hedonic motivation, habit and age. The findings suggest that the festival context plays an important role in understanding use and should be included in future research. By knowing factors that affect use, practitioners can design experiences where technology enhances the festival and does not interfere with attendees' experiences.
Accelerating IP routing algorithm using graphics processing unit for high speed multimedia communication
Venue: Multimedia Tools and Applications
Year: 2014

This paper presents a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) based implementation of a Bellman Ford (BF) routing algorithm using NVIDIA's Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) In the proposed GPU based approach, multiple threads run concurrently over numerous streaming processors in the GPU to dynamically update routing information. Instead of computing the individual vertex distances one by one, a number of threads concurrently update a larger number of vertex distances, and an individual vertex distance is represented in a single thread. This paper compares the performance of the GPU based approach to an equivalent CPU implementation while varying the number of vertices. Experimental results show that the proposed GPU based approach outperforms the equivalent sequential CPU implementation in terms of execution time by exploiting the massive parallelism inherent in the BF routing algorithm. In addition, the reduction in energy consumption (about 99 achieved by using the GPU is reflective of the overall merits of deploying GPUs across the entire landscape of IP routing for emerging multimedia communications.
BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PINEAPPLE FRUIT OF DIFFERENT CULTIVARS
Year: 2016

Pineapple is widely consumed and appreciated not only due to its taste and aroma, and also to its nutritional, functional and antioxidant properties, including its vitamin C and carotenoid contents. Brazil is one of the largest world' pineapple producer, and Perola and Smooth Cayenne cultivars are the most commonly grown and marketed, but their susceptibility to fusariosis can compromise cultivation. New cultivars resistant to this pathogen are available to meet the demands of pineapple producers and consumers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of pineapple fruits of Imperial, Victoria, IAC Fantastico and Gomo de Mel cultivars, as well as traditional Perola and Smooth Cayenne cultivars. Fruits grown in the Triangulo Mineiro region were evaluated by colorimetry, determination of ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds by spectrometry, antioxidant activity by ABTS and carotenoid profile by HPLC. Regarding color, Gomo de Mel cultivar showed lower brightness and higher value of parameter b* indicating a more intense yellow color in this fruit. This result is consistent with the highest carotenoid concentration in this cultivar. Another cultivar that stood out was Imperial, which, while maintaining high carotenoid levels, also showed high concentrations of vitamin C and phenolic compounds, and higher antioxidant activity. Victoria cultivar showed low levels of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity, even lower than IAC Fantastico cultivar, which showed levels of bioactive compounds similar to traditional Perola and Smooth Cayenne cultivars.
An Efficient Drift Flux Closure Relationship to Estimate Liquid Holdups of Gas Liquid Two Phase Flow in Pipes
Year: 2012

The reliable predictions of liquid holdup and pressure drop are essential for pipeline design in oil and gas industry. In this study, the drift flux approach is utilized to calculate liquid holdups. This approach has been widely used in formulation of the basic equations for multiphase flow in pipelines. Most of the drift flux models have been developed on an empirical basis from the experimental data. Even though, previous studies showed that these models can be applied to different flow pattern and pipe inclination, when the distribution parameter is flow pattern dependent. They are limited to a set of fluid properties, pipe geometries and operational conditions. The objective of this study is to develop a new drift flux closure relationship for prediction of liquid holdups in pipes that can be easily applied to a wide range of flow conditions. The developed correlation is compared with nine available correlations from literatures, and validated using the TUFFP (Fluid Flow Projects of University of Tulsa) experimental datasets and OLGA (OiL and GAs simulator supplied by SPTgroup) steady state synthetic data generated by OLGA Multiphase Toolkit. The developed correlation performs better in predicting liquid holdups than the available correlations for a wide range of flow conditions.
Association Rule Mining Tourist Attractive Destinations for the Sustainable Development of a Large Tourism Area in Hokkaido Using Wi Fi Tracking Data
Venue: Sustainability
Year: 2019

The rise of radiofrequency scanner technology has led to its potential application in the observation of people's movements. This study used a Wi Fi scanner device to track tourists' traveling behavior in Hokkaido's tourism area, which occupies a large region that features a unique natural landscape. Inbound tourists have significantly increased in recent years; thus, tourism's sustainability is considered to be important for maintaining the tourism atmosphere in the long term. Using internet enabled technology to conduct extensive area surveys can overcome the limitations imposed by conventional methods. This study aims to use digital footprint data to describe and understand traveler mobility in a large tourism area in Hokkaido. Association rule mining (ARM) a machine learning methodology was performed on a large dataset of transactions to identify the rules that link destinations visited by tourists. This process resulted in the discovery of traveling patterns that revealed the association rules between destinations, and the attractiveness of the destinations was scored on the basis of visiting frequency, with both inbound and outbound movements considered. A visualization method was used to illustrate the relationships between destinations and simplify the mathematical descriptions of traveler mobility in an attractive tourism area. Hence, mining the attractiveness of destinations in a large tourism area using an ARM method integrated with a Wi Fi mobility tracking approach can provide accurate information that forms a basis for developing sustainable destination management and tourism policies.
Machine Learning Applied to Blockage Classification in Automotive Radar
Venue: 2020 IEEE MTT S International Conference on Microwaves for Intelligent Mobility (ICMIM)
Year: 2020

Detection of radar blockage is a critical safety function for automotive radar. In this paper, we report on a machine learning approach to classify the blockage condition in automotive radar, using detection data. We consider logistic regression, tree bagging, and neural network approaches. We used pruning to reduce the size of the neural network to make it a viable option for embedded processors with limited memory. The results show that the classifiers, especially the neural network, can achieve high accuracy with a low false alarm rate.
Measuring Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration and Work Engagement of Employees of Divine Word Colleges in Ilocos Region, Philippines
Year: 2019

The study wants to determine the effect of basic psychological need satisfaction and basic psychological need frustration toward work engagement of employees of Divine Word Colleges in Ilocos Region, Philippines. In order to support the study, theories were presented which are supported by related literatures and studies. The population of the study were 250 or all employees of the colleges. The study used descriptive correlational research design aided by fact finding inquiry. Questionnaires were used to gather the data. The result revealed that there is a correlation between basic psychological need satisfaction and work engagement. While, basic psychological need frustration, as a whole, does not correlate to the engagement, except relatedness need frustration.  Basic psychological need satisfaction, basic psychological need frustration, autonomy, relatedness,
Resilient Disaster Recovery Logistics of Distribution Systems: Co Optimize Service Restoration With Repair Crew and Mobile Power Source Dispatch
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid
Year: 2019

Repair crews (RCs) and mobile power sources (MPSs) are critical resources for distribution system (DS) outage management after a natural disaster. However, their logistics have not been well investigated. We propose a resilient scheme for disaster recovery logistics to co optimize DS restoration with the dispatch of RCs and MPSs. A novel co optimization model is formulated to route RCs and MPSs in the transportation network, schedule them in the DS, and reconfigure the DS for microgrid formation coordinately, etc. The model incorporates different timescales of DS restoration and RC/MPS dispatch, the coupling of transportation and power networks, etc. To ensure radiality of the DS with variable physical structure and MPS allocation, we also model topology constraints based on the concept of spanning forest. The model is convexified equivalently and linearized into a mixed integer linear programming. To reduce its computation time, preprocessing methods are proposed to pre assign a minimal set of repair tasks to depots and reduce the number of candidate nodes for MPS connection. Resilient recovery strategies thus are generated to enhance service restoration, especially by dynamic formation of microgrids that are powered by MPSs and topologized by repair actions of RCs and network reconfiguration of the DS. Case studies demonstrate the proposed methodology.
Piracy and Box Office Movie Revenues: Evidence from Megaupload
Year: 2017

In this paper we evaluate the heterogeneous effects of online copyright enforcement. We ask whether the unexpected shutdown of the popular file hosting platform Megaupload had a differential effect on box office revenues of wide release vs. niche movies. Identification comes from a comparison of movies that were available on Megaupload to those that were not. We show that only movies that premiere in a relatively large number of theaters benefitted from the shutdown of Megaupload. The average effect, however, is negative. We provide suggestive evidence that this result is driven by information externalities. The idea is that online piracy acts as a mechanism to spread information about product characteristics across consumers with different valuations for the product. Our results question the effectiveness of blanket public anti piracy policy, not only from a consumer perspective, but also from a producer perspective.
When fast is better: protein folding fundamentals and mechanisms from ultrafast approaches
Venue: The Biochemical journal
Year: 2016

Protein folding research stalled for decades because conventional experiments indicated that proteins fold slowly and in single strokes, whereas theory predicted a complex interplay between dynamics and energetics resulting in myriad microscopic pathways. Ultrafast kinetic methods turned the field upside down by providing the means to probe fundamental aspects of folding, test theoretical predictions and benchmark simulations. Accordingly, experimentalists could measure the timescales for all relevant folding motions, determine the folding speed limit and confirm that folding barriers are entropic bottlenecks. Moreover, a catalogue of proteins that fold extremely fast (microseconds) could be identified. Such fast folding proteins cross shallow free energy barriers or fold downhill, and thus unfold with minimal co operativity (gradually) A new generation of thermodynamic methods has exploited this property to map folding landscapes, interaction networks and mechanisms at nearly atomic resolution. In parallel, modern molecular dynamics simulations have finally reached the timescales required to watch fast folding proteins fold and unfold in silico. All of these findings have buttressed the fundamentals of protein folding predicted by theory, and are now offering the first glimpses at the underlying mechanisms. Fast folding appears to also have functional implications as recent results connect downhill folding with intrinsically disordered proteins, their complex binding modes and ability to moonlight. These connections suggest that the coupling between downhill (un)folding and binding enables such protein domains to operate analogically as conformational rheostats.
The Grothendieck Construction and Gradings for Enriched Categories
Year: 2009

The Grothendieck construction is a process to form a single category from a diagram of small categories. In this paper, we extend the definition of the Grothendieck construction to diagrams of small categories enriched over a symmetric monoidal category satisfying certain conditions. Symmetric monoidal categories satisfying the conditions in this paper include the category of $k$ modules over a commutative ring $k$ the category of chain complexes, the category of simplicial sets, the category of topological spaces, and the category of modern spectra. In particular, we obtain a generalization of the orbit category construction in  We also extend the notion of graded categories and show that the Grothendieck construction takes values in the category of graded categories. Our definition of graded category does not require any coproduct decompositions and generalizes $k$ linear graded categories indexed by small categories defined by Lowen. There are two popular ways to construct functors from the category of graded categories to the category of oplax functors. One of them is the smash product construction defined and studied in [math/0312214,0807.4706,0905.3884] for $k$ linear categories and the other one is the fiber functor. We construct extensions of these functors for enriched categories and show that they are `right adjoint' to the Grothendieck construction in suitable senses. As a byproduct, we obtain a new short description of small enriched categories.
Manifold Learning based Word Representation Refinement Incorporating Global and Local Information
Venue: COLING
Year: 2020

Recent studies show that word embedding models often underestimate similarities between similar words and overestimate similarities between distant words. This results in word similarity results obtained from embedding models inconsistent with human judgment. Manifold learning based methods are widely utilized to refine word representations by re embedding word vectors from the original embedding space to a new refined semantic space. These methods mainly focus on preserving local geometry information through performing weighted locally linear combination between words and their neighbors twice. However, these reconstruction weights are easily influenced by different selections of neighboring words and the whole combination process is time consuming. In this paper, we propose two novel word representation refinement methods leveraging isometry feature mapping and local tangent space respectively. Unlike previous methods, our first method corrects pre trained word embeddings by preserving global geometry information of all words instead of local geometry information between words and their neighbors. Our second method refines word representations by aligning original and re fined embedding spaces based on local tangent space instead of performing weighted locally linear combination twice. Experimental results obtained from standard semantic relatedness and semantic similarity tasks show that our methods outperform various state of the art baselines for word representation refinement.
Selective observation of Goos Hanchen and Imbert Federov shifts in partial reflection via optimized weak measurements in linear and elliptical polarization basis
Year: 2015

The spatial and the angular variants of the Goos H\"anchen (GH) and the Imbert Federov (IF) beam shifts contribute in a complex interrelated way to the resultant beam shift in partial reflection at planar dielectric interfaces. Here, we show that the angular GH and the two variants of the IF effects can be decoupled, amplified and separately observed by weak value amplification and subsequent conversion of spatial$\leftrightarrow$angular nature of the beam shifts using appropriate pre and post selection of polarization states. We experimentally demonstrate such decoupling and illustrate various other intriguing manifestations of weak measurements by employing optimized pre and post selections (based on the eigen polarization states of the shifts) elliptical and or linear polarization basis. The demonstrated ability to amplify, controllably decouple or combine the beam shifts via weak measurements may prove to be valuable for understanding the different physical contributions of the effects and for their applications in sensing and precision metrology