nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Toxicogenomic analysis of the pulmonary toxic effects of hexanal in F344 rat
Venue: Environmental toxicology
Year: 2017

Hexanal is a major component of indoor air pollutants and is a kind of aldehydes; it has adverse effects on human health. We performed an in vivo inhalation study and transcriptomic analysis to determine the mode of toxic actions in response to hexanal. Fischer 344 rats of both sexes were exposed by inhalation to hexanal aerosol for 4 h day 1, 5 days week 1 for 4 weeks at 0, 600, 1000, and 1500 ppm. Throughout our microarray based genome wide expression analysis, we identified 56 differentially expressed genes in three doses of hexanal; among these genes, 11 genes showed dose dependent expression patterns (10 downregulated and 1 upregulated, 1.5 fold, p 0.05) Through a comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD) analysis of 11 genes, we determined that five genes (CCL12, DDIT4, KLF2, CEBPD, and ADH6) are linked to diverse disease categories such as cancer, respiratory tract disease, and immune system disease. These diseases were previously known for being induced by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Our data demonstrated that the hexanal induced dose dependent altered genes could be valuable quantitative biomarkers to predict hexanal exposure and to perform relative risk assessments, including pulmonary toxicity.
The effect of equipment modification on the performance of novice junior cricket batters
Venue: Journal of sports sciences
Year: 2020

Equipment scaling has yielded better performance in children in comparison to using adult equipment. To better inform applied practice in junior sport, an investigation of additional equipment modifications designed to further simplify the task is required. This study, therefore, aims to determine the effect of increasing surface area of cricket equipment (bats and balls) on batting performance and technique. Forty three children (M age 5.2, SD 0.8 years) completed a cricket batting task in which they aimed to hit the ball through a target zone while using either regular scaled, or modified bat and ball with an increased surface area. The number of bat ball contacts was significantly higher when using the modified (M 13.81, SE 0.42) compared to the regular scaled ball (M 10.65, SE 0.49) Batting performance measured as shots played through target areas was also significantly higher when using the modified (M 31.78, SE 1.97) than the regular scaled ball (M 28.85, SE 2.27) More desirable technique was also observed when using the modified compared to the regular bat. Findings suggest that further modifications to regular scaled equipment can enhance skill production.
Efficient Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to HCOOH over Sub 2 nm SnO2 Quantum Wires with Exposed Grain Boundaries.
Venue: Angewandte Chemie
Year: 2019

Electrochemical reduction of CO2 could mitigate environmental problems originating from CO2 emission. Although grain boundaries (GBs) have been tailored to tune binding energies of reaction intermediates and consequently accelerate the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) it is challenging to exclusively clarify the correlation between GBs and enhanced reactivity in nanostructured materials with small dimension <10 nm) Now, sub 2 nm SnO2 quantum wires (QWs) composed of individual quantum dots (QDs) and numerous GBs on the surface were synthesized and examined for CO2 RR toward HCOOH formation. In contrast to SnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) with a larger electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) the ultrathin SnO2 QWs with exposed GBs show enhanced current density (j) an improved Faradaic efficiency (FE) of over 80 for HCOOH and ca. 90 for C1 products as well as energy efficiency (EE) of over 50 in a wide potential window; maximum values of FE (87.3 and EE (52.7 are achieved.
A ceramic glow plug
Year: 2016

A ceramic glow plug comprises a ceramic heater (2) with a heating element (22) a positive electrode (23) and a negative electrode (24) a housing (32) which is attached to a plug attachment hole of an engine head (11) a sleeve (31) which is electrically connected to the negative electrode, and a cap (5) which is adapted to the side surface of the ceramic body to a side surface of a current carrying terminal, the cap being electrical connected to the positive electrode. The side surface and the cap are joined (61) including a reaction layer by a metallized layer with an active metal (6) with the ceramic substrate and a brazing material (65) The side surface and the sleeve are joined together by a glassy metallized layer (7) including a glass component, which is adhered to the ceramic substrate, and a metallized component and a brazing filler metal (75)
Interval Type 2 Fuzzy Set in Fuzzy Shortest Path Problem
Year: 2016

The shortest path problem (SPP) is one of the most important combinatorial optimization problems in graph theory due to its various applications. The uncertainty existing in the real world problems makes it difficult to determine the arc lengths exactly. The fuzzy set is one of the popular tools to represent and handle uncertainty in information due to incompleteness or inexactness. In most cases, the SPP in fuzzy graph, called the fuzzy shortest path problem (FSPP) uses type 1 fuzzy set (T1FS) as arc length. Uncertainty in the evaluation of membership degrees due to inexactness of human perception is not considered in T1FS. An interval type 2 fuzzy set (IT2FS) is able to tackle this uncertainty. In this paper, we use IT2FSs to represent the arc lengths of a fuzzy graph for FSPP. We call this problem an interval type 2 fuzzy shortest path problem (IT2FSPP) We describe the utility of IT2FSs as arc lengths and its application in different real world shortest path problems. Here, we propose an algorithm for IT2FSPP. In the proposed algorithm, we incorporate the uncertainty in Dijkstra's algorithm for SPP using IT2FS as arc length. The path algebra corresponding to the proposed algorithm and the generalized algorithm based on the path algebra are also presented here. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Design Based Research for Deeper Learning in an Online Introductory CS Course for Middle School Students
Year: 2015

As computer science (CS) makes its way into K 12 classrooms, lack of teachers to teach CS and pedagogically sound computing curricula remain significant challenges. Welldesigned online courses deployed on MOOC platforms could serve a crucial need. This paper describes our efforts to use the design based research methodology to design a 6 week middle school course on the OpenEdX platform for blended in class learning. Using past research in the learning sciences and computing education as a foundation as well as inspiration from 'Exploring CS' high school curriculum, this research adopted an iterative process to design and refine the course 'Foundations for Advancing Computational Thinking' (FACT, and empirically study the effectiveness of FACT for development of cognitive and non cognitive aspects of deeper, transferable computational skills among young teens.
Penggunaan Media Komik Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Membaca Siswa Kelas III Min 3 Aceh Besar
Year: 2019

ABSTRAK Nama Cut Ramuna NIM 140209157 Prodi Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan (FTK) Judul Skripsi :Penggunaan Media Gambar Komik Untuk Meningkatkan Minat Membaca Siswa Kelas III MIN 3 Aceh Besar Tanggal Sidang 3 Januari 2019 Pembimbing I Drs. Tasnim Idris, M.Ag. Pembimbing II Siti Khasinah, M.Pd.  Media Gambar Komik dan Minat membaca Timbulnya minat membaca merupakan tujuan utama membaca bagi siswa.Dalam hal ini, guru mengupayakan untuk mendorong dan memotivasi siswa agar mencintai kegiatan membaca yang dilakukannya. Salah satu media pembelajaran untuk membaca adalah media komik. Media komik merupakan media yang efektif yang dapat menarik perhatian dan mendorong siswa untuk membaca. Dengan menggunakan media komik juga dapat membangkitkan minat membaca siswa. Adapun rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah Bagaimana aktivitas guru, aktivitas siswa dan respon siswa terhadap minat membaca dengan menggunakan media komik pada kelas III Min 3 Aceh Besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas guru, aktivitas siswa dan untuk mengetahui respon siswa terhadap minat membaca dengan menggunakan media komik pada kelas III Min 3 Aceh Besar.Penelitianinimenggunakanpenelitiantindakankelas (PTK) Data hasil penelitian ini di peroleh dengan menggunakan lembar observasi guru, lembar aktivitas siswa dan lembar angket untuk mendapatkan nilai respon siswa terhadap minat membaca. Kemudian data ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus skor angket atau rumus persentase. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah aktivitas guru pada siklus I diperoleh 72,5% dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 93,25% Aktivitas siswa pada siklus I diperoleh 70% dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 92,5%.Respon siswa terhadap minat membaca sebelum menggunakan media komik adalah 53% dan setelah menggunakan media komik pada siklus I diperoleh 70% dan pada siklus II respon siswa terhadap minat membaca meningkat menjadi 92% Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan media komik untuk meningkatkan minat membaca dapat menarik hati siswa untuk lebih mencintai kegiatan membaca dan memperoleh hasil yang meningkat.
Affective economies, autism, and 'challenging behaviour' socio spatial emotions in disabled children's education
Year: 2018

This paper tells a story of a small action in a fleeting moment in a morning spent in a UK special school classroom with Molly, a child with an autism diagnosis. It brings the socio politically active sphere of Critical Disability Studies (Goodley, 2014; Goodley and Runswick Cole, 2014; Titchkosky and Michalko, 2012; Shildrick, 2012; Titchkosky, 2011) and more recently, the emergent Disabled Children's Childhood Studies (Runswick Cole, Curran and Liddiard, 2017; Curran and Runswick Cole, 2013) in to conversation with emotional geographies in education (Kenway and Youdell, 2011) This paper rejects the pathologising of disabled children's emotions as symptoms of disorder and instead reorientates our gaze towards emotions as socio spatially mediated in the subjectification of children in school spaces. It does this by drawing together the theoretical tools of Ahmed's affective economies (2004a; 2004b) to explore the interventions in the everyday lives of disabled school children. Ahmed's affective economies are put to work to explore the emotions produced, reproduced and resisted between bodies in disabled children's schooling. Through such a reorientation we can explore how the subjectivation of children labelled with Special Educational Needs or Disability (SEND) becomes between bodies rather than residing within an individual child's pathology or psychology.
3D Hand Tracking in the Presence of Excessive Motion Blur
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Year: 2020

We present a sensor fusion method that exploits a depth camera and a gyroscope to track the articulation of a hand in the presence of excessive motion blur. In case of slow and smooth hand motions, the existing methods estimate the hand pose fairly accurately and robustly, despite challenges due to the high dimensionality of the problem, self occlusions, uniform appearance of hand parts, etc. However, the accuracy of hand pose estimation drops considerably for fast moving hands because the depth image is severely distorted due to motion blur. Moreover, when hands move fast, the actual hand pose is far from the one estimated in the previous frame, therefore the assumption of temporal continuity on which tracking methods rely, is not valid. In this paper, we track fast moving hands with the combination of a gyroscope and a depth camera. As a first step, we calibrate a depth camera and a gyroscope attached to a hand so as to identify their time and pose offsets. Following that, we fuse the rotation information of the calibrated gyroscope with model based hierarchical particle filter tracking. A series of quantitative and qualitative experiments demonstrate that the proposed method performs more accurately and robustly in the presence of motion blur, when compared to state of the art algorithms, especially in the case of very fast hand rotations.
3D Printing Techniques in Environmental Science and Engineering Will Bring New Innovation.
Venue: Environmental science technology
Year: 2017

3D printing techniques are currently driving innovation in the manufacturing industry, and this innovation will likely extend to all areas of science and technology in the near future. 3D printing enables the digital design and fabrication of complex 3D objects, layer by layer, with a wide range of materials. The technique has several advantages over traditional manufacturing processes, such as the ability to perform rapid prototyping, allowing minor variations on a basic design, and the fabrication of unique objects. For example, dentists can now use 3D printing to produce precise dental implants within hours to exactly match the needs of a specific patient; such a process generally takes weeks with traditional fabrication. In past few years, the rate of research publications involving 3D printing has increased considerably. For example, the number of publications in Web of Science found using "3D printing" or "additive manufacture" as search terms has increased by thousands annually since 2013, exceeding a total of 10 000 in 2016. Nevertheless, in the field of environmental science and engineering, the application of 3D printing technology remains rare. A limited number of studies have been performed, and those available have mainly focused on the fabrication of small devices, such as atmospheric sampling devices for fine particles or devices for water treatment, or on the potential environmental and health concerns originating from 3D printing. Thus, environmental science and engineering still has a significant potential to benefit from 3D printing. The research areas described below are examples of areas that will likely benefit from 3D printing in the near future.
[Inversion of the lake total nitrogen concentration by multiple regression kriging model based on hyperspectral data of HJ 1A]
Venue: Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi Guang pu
Year: 2011

The content of total nitrogen in the waters is an important index to measure lake water quality, and the technique of remote sensing plays a large role in quantitatively monitoring the dynamic change and timely grasping the status of lake pollution. Taking Chaohu as an example, quantitative inversion models of total nitrogen were established by multivariable regression Kriging under analyzing of an correlation between total nitrogen and chlorophyll a or suspended solids by HIS hyperspectral remote sensing data of HJ 1A satellite. The result shows that the correlation of 0.76 was discovered between total nitrogen and the multiple combination with band 72, band 79 and band 97, while the correlation could be increased to 0.83 by applying combined model of multiple linear regression and ordinary Kriging. The optimization of the residuals of the conventional regression model can improve the accuracy of the inversion effectively. These results also provide useful exploration for further establishing a common model of quantitative inversion of lake total nitrogen concentration.
Simple rules for the understanding of Heusler compounds
Year: 2011

Heusler compounds are a remarkable class of intermetallic materials with 1:1:1 (often called Half Heusler) or 2:1:1 composition comprising more than 1500 members. Today, more than a century after their discovery by Fritz Heusler, they are still a field of active research. New properties and potential fields of applications emerge constantly; the prediction of topological insulators is the most recent example. Surprisingly, the properties of many Heusler compounds can easily be predicted by the valence electron count. Their extremely flexible electronic structure offers a toolbox which allows the realization of demanded but apparently contradictory functionalities within one ternary compound. Devices based on multifunctional properties, i.e. the combination of two or more functions such as superconductivity and topological edge states will revolutionize technological applications. The subgroup of more than 250 semiconductors is of high relevance for the development of novel materials for energy technologies. Their band gaps can readily be tuned from zero to 4 eV by changing the chemical composition. Thus, great interest has been attracted in the fields of thermoelectrics and solar cell research. The wide range of their multifunctional properties is also reflected in extraordinary magneto optical, magnetoelectronic, and magnetocaloric properties. The most prominent example is the combination of magnetism and exceptional transport properties in spintronic devices. To take advantage of the extremely high potential of Heusler compounds simple rules for the understanding of the structure, the electronic structure and the relation to the properties are reviewed.
Online Vs Offline Shopping in India
Year: 2019

The present study examines human to human interaction to human to machine interaction as a fundamental difference between physical retailing and virtual retailing in India. There are two broad categories of retailing in India physical stores and virtual stores. The bulk of retailing occurs through physical stores. The retailing sector is growing at a fast pace and gaining popularity. Developments in Information Technology have enabled online shopping; that gave scope for customers to order goods and services the transactions to happen without the need for physical interaction with the retailers. The Indian retail industry is undergoing a change from street side local physical retailing to organized retailing as well as Internet based e retailing. Fulfilling customer needs is the only constant in the dynamic business environment.This books helps online and offline service providers of retail industry to understand customer attitudes and buying behavior in Indian context.
Accelerating dynamics of collective attention
Venue: Nature Communications
Year: 2019

With news pushed to smart phones in real time and social media reactions spreading across the globe in seconds, the public discussion can appear accelerated and temporally fragmented. In longitudinal datasets across various domains, covering multiple decades, we find increasing gradients and shortened periods in the trajectories of how cultural items receive collective attention. Is this the inevitable conclusion of the way information is disseminated and consumed? Our findings support this hypothesis. Using a simple mathematical model of topics competing for finite collective attention, we are able to explain the empirical data remarkably well. Our modeling suggests that the accelerating ups and downs of popular content are driven by increasing production and consumption of content, resulting in a more rapid exhaustion of limited attention resources. In the interplay with competition for novelty, this causes growing turnover rates and individual topics receiving shorter intervals of collective attention.The impacts of technological development on social sphere lack strong empirical foundation. Here the authors presented quantitative analysis of the phenomenon of social acceleration across a range of digital datasets and found that interest appears in bursts that dissipate on decreasing timescales and occur with increasing frequency.
Optimized Design and Static, Dynamic Analysis of Disc Brake using Finite Element Analysis
Year: 2016

In this paper an effort is made on different materials and Analysis techniques of disc brake. The term itself indicates that slowing or stopping the disc which causes slowdown the vehicle. It is sandwich model with 2 pads and disc at centre. Disc is mounted to wheel pads are mounted to the frame through calliper. When brake is applied, it generates heat between pads and disc due to friction. The aim of contribution was to study different structural Thermal Analysis using Finite Element Methods (FEM) cooling performance increased by different Cut Patterns and study of analysis of different materials has been reported in literature.  Disc Brake,cut patterns, Static Analysis, thermal Analysis, Finite Element
Cultural Backlash: Trump, Brexit, and Authoritarian Populism
Year: 2019

Authoritarian populist parties have advanced in many countries, and entered government in states as diverse as Austria, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, and Switzerland. Even small parties can still shift the policy agenda, as demonstrated by UKIP's role in catalyzing Brexit. Drawing on new evidence, this book advances a general theory why the silent revolution in values triggered a backlash fuelling support for authoritarian populist parties and leaders in the US and Europe. The conclusion highlights the dangers of this development and what could be done to mitigate the risks to liberal democracy.
Master of public health community based practicum: students' and preceptors' experiences.
Venue: Journal of public health management and practice JPHMP
Year: 2011

We studied students' perceptions regarding a required 120 hour practicum within a program including service learning and Problem based Learning. Responses to pre and postpracticum surveys and a second year survey were analyzed for 2008 to 2010 graduates. Preceptors' responses regarding students' performance were also analyzed.  To assess attainment of public health competencies by analyzing student and preceptor identification of areas for improvement.  Basis of study was a 29 item survey regarding competencies before/after practicum completion, and a 27 item postsurvey assessing perceptions of practicum, preceptor, and site. Instruments included a 5 point Likert Scale (1 strongly disagree/highly ineffective to 5 strongly agree/highly effective) SETTING Practicum experiences are selected from more than 250 community based partners including government, health systems not for profit agencies.  Three first year student cohorts and preceptors surveyed. Response rates varied across cohorts and instruments.  Study focused on satisfaction scores and pre and postsurvey response differences reported by respondents.  Students reported high degrees of satisfaction value in learning by doing, increased ability addressing real world problems, and commitment to working in the community. Preceptors reported satisfaction with students' competency and ability completing projects.  Experiential learning in competency based graduate public health education derived from Problem based Learning and service learning shares commonalities and relevance with public health practice, illustrating how Problem based Learning enhances students' ability becoming self directed, collaborative, problem solvers working with communities. Students' service learning ethos is manifested in value attributed to the practicum and community advocacy. Self assessment of personal and professional development appears enhanced through the practicum experience.
A Serious Game for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder as a tool for play therapy
Venue: 2017 IEEE 5th International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH)
Year: 2017

We propose a Serious Game (SG) for children on the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) composed of a Tangible User Interface (TUI) and a Graphical User Interface (GUI) The TUI is built from physical Lego like building blocks augmented with electronic modules. The proposed SG is envisaged as a play therapy tool aimed at improving autistic children's social and cognitive skills. We investigate the effects of using our SG in a play therapy exercise, by running an empirical study that compares conventional clinical non computer block games with the proposed SG. In our preliminary experimental study, the proposed system showed an improvement in social interaction, collaborative play and exercise performance, and a decrease in solitary play. Our results suggest that the proposed system can be a useful tool for play therapy aimed for young children with ASD.