nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrating Regulatory Drug Label Information to Facilitate Evaluation of Adverse Events in Pharmacovigilance.
Venue: Current drug safety
Year: 2020

Efficiency and accuracy for signal detection and evaluation activities are integral components of routine pharmacovigilance (PV) practices. However, an individual case safety report (ICSR) may consist of a variety of confounders such as concomitant medications (CM) past medical history (PMH) and concurrent medical conditions that influence a safety officer's evaluation of a potential adverse event (AE) Limited pharmacovigilance systems are currently available as a tool designed to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of signal detection and management.  To introduce a systemic approach to make critical safety information readily available for users in order to discern possible interferences from CM and make informed decisions on the signal evaluation process saving time while improving quality.  Signal software was utilized to extract cases with CM that are Known Implicating Medications (KIM) for each AE according to public regulatory information from drug labels FDA Structured Product Labeling (SPL) or EMA Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) SAS Enterprise Guide was used to further process the data generated from Oracle Empirica Signal software.  For any target drug being evaluated for safety purposes, a KIM reference table can be generated which summarizes all potential causality contributions from CMs.  In addition to providing standalone KIM table as reference, adoption of this concept and automation may also be fully integrated into commercial signal detection and management software packages for easy use and accessibility and may even lead to reduced False Positive rate in signal detection within the PV space.
Empirical formula for neutron scattering lengths and cross sections
Year: 2018

The neutrons are important tool to study the condensed matter and they can also be used in nuclear physics. Hence in the present work, we have formulated an empirical formula for neutron absorption cross sections, coherent and incoherent neutron scattering cross sections and coherent neutron and incoherent scattering lengths for different mass number nuclei of wide atomic number range 1 Z 96 This formula successfully produces experimental values 412 nuclei available in the literature.
La reflexividad y la autocritica como fundamentos de la investigacion cualitativa
Year: 2015

Se plantean algunas tensiones y retos para la investigacion cualitativa en la actualidad, las cuales son consecuencia de las dinamicas que imponen las universidades y las comunidades cientificas. La etica de la investigacion cualitativa y sus fundamentos se ven cuestionados por los investigadores que, desde otras perspectivas, la ven como futil e infertil. Entre quienes hacen investigacion cualitativa tambien empiezan a hallarse preguntas sobre la utilidad y la funcionalidad de la investigacion cualitativa porque en ocasiones la asumen como una forma blanda de investigar. Se plantea la importancia de hacer investigacion cualitativa desde fundamentos rigurosos y cientificos que rescatan la reflexividad y la autocritica como principios para hacerle frente a las tendencias eficientitas y pragmaticas.
Building Extraction of Multi source Data Based on Deep Learning
Venue: 2019 IEEE 4th International Conference on Image, Vision and Computing (ICIVC)
Year: 2019

Aiming at the poor robustness of high resolution remote sensing image building extraction methods based on machine learning and it is difficult to fully exploit the deep features in images, several methods based on deep learning semantic segmentation have been compared and fully analyzed with average precision, category accuracy, F1 score and IoU as measures. The results show that DeepLabv3plus model can obtain more accurate pixel level building extraction results, the overall accuracy can be improved by 2% IoU can be increased by 3% and the boundary details can be fully expressed. A method of automatic labeling is designed based on multi source data. Experiments were carried out and proved that the sample sets produced by our method is close to the training results of true value labels.
Gas chromatography mass spectrometry method for determination of b propiolactone in human inactivated rabies vaccine and its hydrolysis analysis
Venue: Journal of pharmaceutical analysis
Year: 2018

A simple method was established for the determination of b propiolactone (BPL) in human inactivated rabies vaccine by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC MS) The determination was performed on an Agilent HP INNOWAX (30 m x 0.32 mm i.d. 0.25 um) capillary column at the temperature of 80 degC. Electrospray ionization (ESI) was used by selective ion detection at m/z 42. The temperature for ESI source and inlet was set at 230 degC and 200 degC, respectively. Helium was used as the carrier gas at a flow rate of 25.1 mL/min. The total run time was 8 min. Acetonitrile and other components in the sample did not interfere with the determination of BPL. The results showed good linearity of BPL in the range of 0.50 10.01 mg/mL, with the limit of detection and the limit of quantification of 0.015 mg/mL and 0.050 mg/mL, respectively. Satisfactory precision was achieved for the current developed method. The method was applied to detect 6 batches of vaccine samples, and the results indicated that the target analyte BPL was present in three batches of unpurified samples, but was not detected in the purified samples, indicating the test samples were qualified. The established method was proved to be simple, versatile and sensitive, which can meet the requirements of quality control of BPL in human inactivated rabies vaccine.
A Preliminary Study of the Relationship Among Critical Thinking, Religious Motivation, Religious Devotion, and Homosexual Attitude in Taiwan
Year: 2020

With the advancement of generations, the issue of homosexual equality has not been neglected. As far as the researcher knows, the attitude adopted by Christians on this issue is also quite polarized, which also causes stigmatization, or the struggle within. In the past, the research pointed out that there is a correlation among religious motivation, religious devotion, homosexual attitude, religious motivation, and religious piety are also related to critical thinking. Therefore, this study aims to explore the role of the critical thinking on Christians' attitude towards homosexuality. Therefore, this study select "The impact, and accordingly" "The Questionnaire of Dispositions Toward Critical Thinking" "The Intrinsic extrinsic Religious Orientation Scale" "The Religious Devotion Attitude Scale" and "The Establishment of Homosexuality Attitude and Stereotype Scale" as tools for measuring. However, in order to make the research plan more complete, the expert validity check of all the scales was carried out in the pre study, and the scale used this time was further modified according to the expert's suggestion. In addition, this study is used as a sample for college students, and is expected to explore the role of critical thinking, intrinsic motivation, and religious devotion in homosexuality attitudes, and to understand the relationship between each one, please refer to the text for details. More details are shown in this article.
Automated thawing increases recovery of colony forming units from banked cord blood unit grafts
Venue: Transfusion
Year: 2018

The cell dose infused for cord blood transplantation strongly correlates with outcomes following transplantation. Post thaw recoveries can be improved by washing cord blood units (CBUs) in dextran/albumin. Early methods used a labor intensive manual process. We have recently developed and validated an automated washing method. We now report our results of a study comparing cellular recoveries achieved after manual and automated wash, as well as the impact on engraftment following allogeneic transplantation.
An Empirical Study of Refactorings and Technical Debt in Machine Learning Systems
Venue: 2021 IEEE/ACM 43rd International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)
Year: 2021

Machine Learning (ML) including Deep Learning (DL) systems, i.e. those with ML capabilities, are pervasive in today's data driven society. Such systems are complex; they are comprised of ML models and many subsystems that support learning processes. As with other complex systems, ML systems are prone to classic technical debt issues, especially when such systems are long lived, but they also exhibit debt specific to these systems. Unfortunately, there is a gap of knowledge in how ML systems actually evolve and are maintained. In this paper, we fill this gap by studying refactorings, i.e. source to source semantics preserving program transformations, performed in real world, open source software, and the technical debt issues they alleviate. We analyzed 26 projects, consisting of 4.2 MLOC, along with 327 manually examined code patches. The results indicate that developers refactor these systems for a variety of reasons, both specific and tangential to ML, some refactorings correspond to established technical debt categories, while others do not, and code duplication is a major cross cutting theme that particularly involved ML configuration and model code, which was also the most refactored. We also introduce 14 and 7 new ML specific refactorings and technical debt categories, respectively, and put forth several recommendations, best practices, and anti patterns. The results can potentially assist practitioners, tool developers, and educators in facilitating long term ML system usefulness.
A Survey on the Role of IoT in Agriculture for the Implementation of Smart Farming
Venue: IEEE Access
Year: 2019

Internet of things (IoT) is a promising technology which provides efficient and reliable solutions towards the modernization of several domains. IoT based solutions are being developed to automatically maintain and monitor agricultural farms with minimal human involvement. The article presents many aspects of technologies involved in the domain of IoT in agriculture. It explains the major components of IoT based smart farming. A rigorous discussion on network technologies used in IoT based agriculture has been presented, that involves network architecture and layers, network topologies used, and protocols. Furthermore, the connection of IoT based agriculture systems with relevant technologies including cloud computing, big data storage and analytics has also been presented. In addition, security issues in IoT agriculture have been highlighted. A list of smart phone based and sensor based applications developed for different aspects of farm management has also been presented. Lastly, the regulations and policies made by several countries to standardize IoT based agriculture have been presented along with few available success stories. In the end, some open research issues and challenges in IoT agriculture field have been presented.
The Tradeoffs Between Open and Traditional Relation Extraction
Venue: ACL
Year: 2008

Traditional Information Extraction (IE) takes a relation name and hand tagged examples of that relation as input. Open IE is a relationindependent extraction paradigm that is tailored to massive and heterogeneous corpora such as the Web. An Open IE system extracts a diverse set of relational tuples from text without any relation specific input.  We analyze a sample of English sentences to demonstrate that numerous relationships are expressed using a compact set of relation independent lexico syntactic patterns, which can be learned by an Open IE system. What are the tradeoffs between Open IE and traditional IE? We consider this question in the context of two tasks. First, when the number of relations is massive, and the relations themselves are not pre specified, we argue that Open IE is necessary. We then present a new model for Open IE called O CRF and show that it achieves increased precision and nearly double the recall than the model employed by TEXTRUNNER, the previous stateof the art Open IE system. Second, when the number of target relations is small, and their names are known in advance, we show that O CRF is able to match the precision of a traditional extraction system, though at substantially lower recall. Finally, we show how to combine the two types of systems into a hybrid that achieves higher precision than a traditional extractor, with comparable recall.
Integration du lien consommateur ressource dans l'etude de l'influence des activites humaines sur l'hivernage des bernaches cravant dans un ecosysteme littoral fortement anthropise
Year: 2007

Les activites humaines peuvent entrainer des modifications de comportement et de distribution spatiale chez les animaux susceptibles d'avoir un impact non negligeable au niveau de leur population. Pour des especes migratrices, elles peuvent rendre un site d'hivernage inutilisable en raison d'un derangement trop important, obligeant les individus a utiliser d'autres sites. Dans ces sites de report, le niveau d'interference risque d'etre plus eleve ce qui peut entrainer une diminution de l'efficacite alimentaire de tout ou partie des individus. Cependant, l'influence des activites humaines ne peut etre evaluee correctement sans tenir compte, dans ce cas precis, des ressources alimentaires de l'espece etudiee. Le travail de cette these a ete d'integrer le lien consommateur ressource dans l'etude de l'influence des activites humaines. Le sujet a porte plus precisement sur l'hivernage de la bernache cravant Branta bernicla dans le golfe du Morbihan (Bretagne Sud) ou elle s'alimente essentiellement de phanerogames marines des zosteres, dont la zostere naine Zostera noltii Nous avons caracterise la relation bernaches Z. Noltii, en termes de distribution essentiellement, a trois echelles spatiales et temporelles imbriquees. De l'evolution en trente ans de la distribution sur l'ensemble du golfe a la position par rapport a la lame d'eau lors d'un cycle tidal, nous avons montre que les ressources alimentaires conditionnaient largement la distribution des bernaches, ainsi que leur comportement a l'echelle du groupe. Nous avons egalement montre que les activites humaines sont susceptibles de modifier cette relation. En effet, selon leur type, leur position et la taille du groupe de bernaches, le cout energetique potentiel qu'elles entrainent pourrait conduire certains individus a eviter certains herbiers, ce cout etant trop eleve pour etre compense par un temps d'alimentation plus long. Ce travail a donc contribue a une categorisation plus generale et robuste des activites humaines en terme de cout potentiel sur les oiseaux hivernant. Si ce travail a permis de mieux comprendre le role majeur des ressources dans la distribution des bernaches en hivernage, ainsi que la facon dont les activites humaines peuvent influer sur cette relation, il s'est aussi inscrit dans une demarche de definition d'indicateur d'etat des herbiers de zosteres. Et nos resultats suggerent que le comportement et la distribution des bernaches sont de bons indicateurs de l'etat de ces herbiers a l'echelle locale mais egalement regionale.
The Adventure of the Stradivarius: Violins in the Work of Arthur Conan Doyle and William Crawford Honeyman
Year: 2020

The violin, despite its fleeting appearances in the stories of Sherlock Holmes, has become prominently associated with the character of Sherlock in modern TV and film adaptions. While the violin is never investigated by Holmes in the stories, it is represented in more depth in a precursory detective story by William Crawford Honeyman: a Scottish author musician, whose work appears to have influenced Arthur Conan Doyle's tales of Sherlock Holmes. Honeyman's short story 'The Romance of a Real Cremona' (1884) follows detective James McGovan as he traces and returns a stolen Stradivari violin and unravels its complex provenance. The importance of the violin's inclusion in fictional works has been little discussed in scholarship. Here, the texts of Doyle and Honeyman serve as a lens through which to analyse the meaning of the violin during the Victorian era. By analysing the violin from an organological perspective, this article examines the violin's prominence in nineteenth century British domestic music making, both as a fiscally and culturally valuable object. The final section of the article explores the meaning attached to, and created by, the violin in the stories of Doyle and Honeyman.
Generating Adversarial Malware Examples with API Semantics Awareness for Black Box Attacks
Venue: SocialSec
Year: 2020

As deep learning plays a key role in malware detection, it is of great practical significance to study adversarial malware examples to evaluate the robustness of malware detection algorithm based on deep learning. A black box attack is performed while malware authors are allowed only access to the input and output of the malware detection model. Due to the transferability of deep learning model, it is an effective way to train a substitute model to fit the black box model. Generative adversarial network based models show good performance in generating adversarial examples and training substitute models. However, because of the discrete output, generative adversarial networks are unable to compute gradient for their back propagation, which makes it difficult to update the weights of the neural network in the training process. In addition, APIs are important features in representing malware, but their potential semantic features are usually ignored. To address the above problems, a generative adversarial network based algorithm with API word embedding method is designed, which adopts CNN structure to train a substitute model. The substitute model is utilized to analyze the semantic association of sequential API calls. Then, we employ a long short term memory framework to generate antagonistic examples. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme is efficient and effective.
Resource Allocation for NOMA MEC Offloading
Venue: 2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)
Year: 2019

In this paper, we consider a nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) assisted mobile edge computing (MEC) system where the power and time are jointly optimized to reduce the energy consumption and delay. In order to achieve a tradeoff between energy consumption and delay, we introduce weighting factors, and the optimization problem is formulated to minimize the weighted sum of energy consumption and delay. In the literature, only two offloading strategies, i. e. orthogonal multiple access (OMA) and pure NOMA, are mainly considered. In this paper, we investigate a third strategy, hybrid NOMA, which contains the strategies of OMA and pure NOMA. As the main contribution, we analytically characterize the optimal resource allocation, i. e. the joint power and time allocation, for two scheduled user case. Simulation results show that the proposed resource allocation method in hybrid NOMA systems yields lower energy consumption and delay than the conventional OMA scheme.
Further Results for a Spirallike Functions of Order b
Year: 2020

Let \Delta be the unit disk on the complex plane \mathbb{C} and \mathcal{A} be the class of normalized analytic functions in \Delta We denote by \mathcal{S}_{\alpha \beta the class of \alpha spirallike functions f of order \beta as follows \begin{aligned} \mathcal{S}_{\alpha \beta \left\ f\in \mathcal{A} \mathrm{Re}\left\ e^{i\alpha \frac{zf'(z){f(z)\right\ \beta \cos \alpha z\in \Delta \right\ \end{aligned} where \alpha \pi /2$ and \beta \in [0,1) In the present paper, some properties of this certain subclass of analytic functions including, subordination relations, estimates of logarithmic coefficients $f\in \mathcal{S}_{\alpha \beta coefficients inequality and Fekete Szego inequality for the kth root transform of $f\in \mathcal{S}_{\alpha \beta are investigated.
Model Predictive Control of Six Phase Induction Motor Drives Using Two Virtual Voltage Vectors
Venue: IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics
Year: 2019

Finite control set model predictive control (FCS MPC) has been successfully applied to three phase electric drives and has proven to bring fast dynamics and high flexibility. The extension of FCS MPC to regulate machines with more than three phases (i.e. multiphase) presents, however, additional challenges. Leaving aside the higher computational requirements, the appearance of additional degrees of freedom requires a simultaneous current tracking in different subspaces. Hence, the accuracy in the fundamental plane needs to be accomplished with no simultaneous excitement of the secondary planes in order to avoid unacceptable inefficiencies. This paper jointly tackles the performance improvement of fundamental and secondary planes following a two step procedure: individual virtual voltage vectors (VVs) first ensure low circulating currents and the optimal combination of two VVs provides enhanced current tracking in the fundamental plane. Comparative experimental results confirm the satisfactory performance of the proposed strategy.
Improving innovation performance through knowledge acquisition: the moderating role of employee retention and human resource management practices
Venue: J. Knowl. Manag.
Year: 2020

This paper aims to study the effects of knowledge acquisition on innovation performance and the moderating effects of human resource management (HRM) in terms of employee retention and HRM practices, on the above mentioned relationship.  A sample of 129 firms operating in a wide array of sectors has been used to gather data through a standardized questionnaire for testing the hypotheses through ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models.  The results indicate that knowledge acquisition positively affects innovation performance and that HRM moderates the relationship between knowledge acquisition and innovation performance.  With the increasing proclivity towards engaging in open innovation, firms are likely to face some tensions and opportunities leading to a shift in the management of human resources. This starts from the assumption that the knowledge base of the firm resides in the people who work for the firm and that some HRM factors can influence innovation within firms. Despite this, there is a lack of research investigating the link between knowledge acquisition, HRM and innovation performance under the open innovation lens. This paper intends to fill this gap and nurture future research by assessing whether knowledge acquisition influences innovation performance and whether HRM moderates such a relationship.