nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) examination of how self initiated sequential movements become automatic
Venue: Experimental Brain Research
Year: 2020

The neural mechanisms underlying movement automaticity have been investigated using PET and fMRI and more recently functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) As fNIRS is an emerging technique, the objective of the present study was to replicate the functional magnetic resonance imaging related motor sequence findings as reported by Wu et al. () using fNIRS. Seventeen right handed participants practiced self initiated sequential finger movements of two lengths (4 and 12) until a level of automaticity was achieved. Automaticity was evaluated by performing a visual letter counting task concurrently with the sequential finger movements. Our data were unable to replicate the pre to post practice decrease in cortical activity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for both motor sequence tasks. The findings did reveal increased contribution from the right hemisphere following learning. The observed lateralization is suggestive of explicit learning and the involvement of working memory in motor sequence production.
Medical Complications of Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia.
Venue: The American journal of medicine
Year: 2016

Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are serious psychiatric illnesses related to disordered eating and distorted body images. They both have significant medical complications associated with the weight loss and malnutrition of anorexia nervosa, as well as from the purging behaviors that characterize bulimia nervosa. No body system is spared from the adverse sequelae of these illnesses, especially as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa become more severe and chronic. We review the medical complications that are associated with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, as well as the treatment for the complications. We also discuss the epidemiology and psychiatric comorbidities of these eating disorders.
Interrelations between Service Quality Attributes, Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty in the Retail Banking Sector in Bangladesh
Year: 2011

The main objective of this study is to find the interrelationships between service quality attributes, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty in the retail banking sector in Bangladesh. The study sought to identify the most important attributes in bank settings, which may be used to review characteristics of the banks as experienced by customers. In Bangladesh, no study has yet investigated the above mentioned interrelationship. The purpose of this study is to fill this gap. A review of literature was conducted to find out the relationship among service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. The literature review confirms this relationship. A survey was conducted to collect data. The sample size of 100 retail banking customers was drawn from different banks in Bangladesh. The result shows that all the service quality attributes are positively related to customer satisfaction and customer satisfaction is positively related to customer loyalty in the retail banking settings in Bangladesh. Empathy demonstrates the highest positive correlation with customer satisfaction and tangibility shows the least positive correlation with customer satisfaction. This study suggests that SERVQUAL [service quality model] is a suitable instrument for measuring the bank service quality in the Bangladeshi context. Therefore, bank managers can use this instrument to assess the bank service quality in Bangladesh.
Strengths of character, orientations to happiness, and life satisfaction
Year: 2007

Why are certain character strengths more associated with life satisfaction than others? A sample of US adults (N 12,439) completed online surveys in English measuring character strengths, orientations to happiness (engagement, pleasure, and meaning) and life satisfaction, and a sample of Swiss adults (N 445) completed paper and pencil versions of the same surveys in German. In both samples, the character strengths most highly linked to life satisfaction included love, hope, curiosity, and zest. Gratitude was among the most robust predictors of life satisfaction in the US sample, whereas perseverance was among the most robust predictors in the Swiss sample. In both samples, the strengths of character most associated with life satisfaction were associated with orientations to pleasure, to engagement, and to meaning, implying that the most fulfilling character strengths are those that make possible a full life.
Intelligent E Restaurant using Android OS
Year: 2014

The simplicity and ease of access of a menu are the main things that facilitate ordering food in a restaurant. A Tablet menu completely revolutionizes the patron's dining experience. Existing programs provide an app that restaurants can use to feed their menus into iOS Android based tablets and make it easier for the diners to flip, swipe tap through the menu. We here aim to provide the restaurants with a tablet menu that would recommend dishes based on a recommendation algorithm which has not been implemented elsewhere. In addition to this we run the app on an Android based tablet not on an iOS based tablet which is more expensive alternative. We use a cloud based server for storing the database which makes it inexpensive secure.
Acute sleep deprivation during pregnancy in rats: Rapid elevation of placental and fetal inflammation and kynurenic acid
Venue: Neurobiology of Stress
Year: 2020

The kynurenine pathway (KP) is the dominant pathway for tryptophan degradation in the mammalian body and emerging evidence suggests that acute episodes of sleep deprivation (SD) disrupt tryptophan metabolism via the KP. Increases in the neuroactive KP metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA) during pregnancy may lead to a higher risk for disrupted neurodevelopment in the offspring. As pregnancy is a critical period during which several factors, including sleep disruptions, could disrupt the fetal environment, we presently explored the relationship between maternal SD and KP metabolism and immune pathways in maternal, placenta, and fetal tissues. Pregnant Wistar rat dams were sleep deprived by gentle handling for 5 h from zeitgeber time (ZT) 0 to ZT 5. Experimental cohorts included: i) controls, ii) one session of SD on embryonic day (ED) 18 or iii) three sessions of SD occurring daily on ED 16, ED 17 and ED 18. Maternal (plasma, brain) placental and fetal (plasma, brain) tissues were collected immediately after the last session of SD or after 24 h of recovery from SD. Respective controls were euthanized at ZT 5 on ED 18 or ED 19. Maternal plasma corticosterone and fetal brain KYNA were significantly elevated only after one session of SD on ED 18. Importantly, maternal plasma corticosterone levels correlated significantly with fetal brain KYNA levels. In addition, placental levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1b (IL 1b) and interleukin 6 (IL 6) were increased following maternal SD, suggesting a relationship between placental immune response to SD and fetal brain KYNA accumulation. Collectively, our results demonstrate that sleep loss during the last week of gestation can adversely impact maternal stress, placental immune function, and fetal brain KYNA levels. We introduce KYNA as a novel molecular target influenced by sleep loss during pregnancy.
Vehicle assisted ligature decapitation: A case report and a review of the literature.
Venue: Journal of forensic and legal medicine
Year: 2019

Decapitation resulting by vehicle assisted ligature strangulation is a suicide method rarely described in the literature. The lesions observed at autopsy have a common morphology with to those found in post hanging decapitation. They depend on the force applied by the acceleration of the vehicle, the slope of the road and the characteristics of the link used. They can also mimic a stabbing homicide. We report the case of a 43 year old man who used a long steel rope, attached between his neck and a streetlight, and started his vehicle, causing a complete decapitation. The results of the autopsy provided information on the morphology of the cervical lesions, but also on the causes of death. In spite of decapitation, the histological examination of the organs confirmed the presence of asphyxiation process by a mechanical origin that occurred before decapitation.
Training and Adapting Multilingual NMT for Less resourced and Morphologically Rich Languages
Venue: LREC
Year: 2018

In this paper, we present results of employing multilingual and multi way neural machine translation approaches for morphologically rich languages, such as Estonian and Russian. We experiment with different NMT architectures that allow achieving state of the art translation quality and compare the multi way model performance to one way model performance. We report improvements of up to +3.27 BLEU points over our baseline results, when using a multi way model trained using the transformer network architecture. We also provide open source scripts used for shuffling and combining multiple parallel datasets for training of the multilingual systems.
Fast robust matching algorithm based on BRISK and GMS
Venue: Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Year: 2019

In the image stitching technology, traditional feature extraction algorithms have uneven feature points distribution, many redundant features, time consuming feature points precision matching and low image registration accuracy. In view of these problems, this paper proposes an improved image registration algorithm based on BRISK and GMS. In this method, the image is first divided into meshes and BRISK algorithm is used for extracting image features, then the Brute Force matching algorithm is used for rough image matching. Finally, the mesh motion estimation method is used for feature quantity statistics, and error matching is removed to obtain a set of fine matching feature points for image registration. This paper verified the robustness of the improved algorithm by comparing it with other methods in the Mikolajczyk data set. The experimental results show that this algorithm achieves higher matching accuracy on the basis of maintaining speed compared with the original algorithm, and the average accuracy is improved by 8.02% It has better performance than the traditional algorithm, which can be used for occasions with higher requirements on registration accuracy and real time performance.
The emerging spectrum of cardiopulmonary pathology of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) Report of 3 autopsies from Houston, Texas, and review of autopsy findings from other United States cities
Venue: Cardiovascular Pathology
Year: 2020

This paper collates the pathological findings from initial published autopsy reports on 23 patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID 19) from 5 centers in the United States of America, including 3 cases from Houston, Texas. Findings confirm that COVID 19 is a systemic disease with major involvement of the lungs and heart.  19 pneumonia has features of a distinctive acute interstitial pneumonia with: a diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) component, coupled with microvascular involvement with intra and extra vascular fibrin deposition and intravascular trapping of neutrophils, and, frequently, with formation of microthombi in arterioles. Major pulmonary thromboemboli with pulmonary infarcts and/or hemorrhage occurred in 5 of the 23 patients. Two of the Houston cases had interstitial pneumonia with DAD pattern. One of the Houston cases had multiple bilateral segmental pulmonary thromboemboli with infarcts and hemorrhages coupled with, in non hemorrhagic areas, a distinctive interstitial lymphocytic pneumonitis with intra alveolar fibrin deposits and no hyaline membranes, possibly representing a transition form to acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia (AFOP) Multifocal acute injury of cardiac myocytes was frequently observed. Lymphocytic myocarditis was reported in 1 case. In addition to major pulmonary pathology, the three Houston cases had evidence of lymphocytic pericarditis, multifocal acute injury of cardiomyocytes without inflammatory cellular infiltrates, depletion of splenic white pulp, focal hepatocellular degeneration and rare glomerular capillary thrombosis. Each had evidence of chronic cardiac disease: hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (420 gram heart) dilated cardiomyopathy (1070 gram heart) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (670 gram heart) All three subjects were obese (BMIs of 33.8, 51.65 and 35.2 Kg/m2) Overall, the autopsy findings support the concept that the pathogenesis of severe COVID 19 disease involves direct viral induced injury of multiple organs, including heart and lungs, coupled with the consequences of a procoagulant state with coagulopathy.
Dog Breed Identification Using Convolution Neural Network and Web Scraping
Year: 2020

Dogs are domesticated mammals, not natural wild animals. They have been bred by humans for a long time. Today, some dogs are used as pets, others are used to help humans do their work. It's a significant task for the owners to care and maintain their pet dog. For that, they need to know the breed of the dog to train and cure disease. The current paper presents a fine grained image recognition problem, identifying the breed of a dog in a given image which includes convolution neural networks. Thenetwork is trained and evaluated on the Stanford Dogs Dataset. By using web scraping, the data from various websites are collected and rendered in the application.
Local Knowledge for Global Actions: The role of traditional ecological knowledge in climate change adaptation
Year: 2020

The scale of climate change put indigenous people at higher risk than the others. Nonetheless, due to their intimate knowledge of their land, traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) held by the indigenous peoples may be the key to combating climate change. This article aims to explain the role that TEK plays in adapting to climate change. Document review included grey literature alongside peer reviewed literature and project websites related to indigenous knowledge in climate change adaptation. The findings show that TEK not only helps indigenous people cope with environmental and climate pressures, but the knowledge system fosters resilience of socio ecological systems. climate change adaptation; traditional knowledge; traditional ecological knowledge; resilienceeISSN: 2398 4287 (c) 2020.   and cE Bs (Centre for Environment Behaviour Studies) Faculty of Architecture, Planning Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
JPEG2000. Part 10. Volumetric data encoding
Venue: 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems
Year: 2006

The joint photographic experts group (JPEG) committee (ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG1) is currently pursuing the standardization of a three dimensional extension of the JPEG 2000 standard (Parts 1 and 2) to support the encoding of volumetric data sets. This extension, Part 10 extensions for three dimensional data (JP3D) will support functionalities like resolution scalability, quality scalability and region of interest coding, while exploiting the entropy in the additional third dimension to improve the rate distortion performance. In this paper, we give an overview of the markets and application areas targeted by JP3D, the imposed requirements and the algorithm under study
Language And The Gentrifying City: An Ethnographic Study Of A Two Way Immersion Program In An Urban Public School
Year: 2017

Two Way bilingual immersion programs, which bring together language majority and language minority children with the goals of bilingualism and biliteracy for all, are becoming increasingly popular in the United States. And while research shows high academic achievement for both language majority and language minority speakers, as measured by standardized testing (Thomas Collier, 2002) several studies highlight the problematic tensions that arise around issues of equity, power, and the role and status of Spanish(e.g. Cervantes Soon, 2014; Fitts, 2006; Valds, 1997) I add to this literature by examining both the larger social processes that bring different groups of people together in the same urban space such as gentrification and immigration and how families and children differently experience the program. Through this ethnographic, discourse analytic study, I shed light on the social dynamics that influenced the creation of this program, including a funding crisis in the district along with a movement by middle class mostly white parents to "optin" to the public school system. I show how the efforts of one group to support and promote this program were driven by a desire for equity but also enmeshed in a system that reproduced class and race privilege. I demonstrate the stark differences in the realities of parents who composed the group of "English speakers" and those who were the parents of the "Spanish speakers." Yet, in the classroom, I illustrate how children showed a wider range of proficiencies than their labels allowed. I argue that, through everyday interactions children socialized each other into both languages, and into a range of ways of communicating that went beyond linguistic codes. Finally, through the concept of raciolinguistic socialization, I show how race and class impacted children's trajectories, which were consequential to not only their identities, but also decisions to stay or leave the program itself. Children and families from vastly different class, cultural, racial, and linguistic backgrounds are differently subject (or not) to processes of racialization and marginalization, which have consequences for their schooling experiences and eventual outcomes. As such, both these processes, and these programs, merit more scholarly attention. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Education First Advisor Nelson Flores Second Advisor Betsy Rymes This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: https:/repository.upenn.edu/
Chemical Characterization and Quantification of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) in Seafood by Single Particle ICP MS: Assessment of Dietary Exposure
Venue: International journal of environmental research and public health
Year: 2020

The significant increase in the production and variety of nanoparticles (NPs) has led to their release into the environment, especially into the marine environment. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are used in different industrial sectors, from the food industry to several consumer and household products. Since the aquatic environment is highly sensitive to contamination by TiO2 NPs, this work aimed to give a preliminary assessment of the contamination of packaged seafood, where the food additive TiO2 (E171) is not to be intentionally added. This allowed providing a chemical characterization and quantification of TiO2 NPs in processed canned fish products belonging to different trophic positions of the pelagic compartment and in canned clam. The new emerging technique called single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP MS) was applied, which allows the determination of nanoparticle number based concentration, as well as the dissolved titanium. This study highlights how processed food, where the pigment E171 was not intentionally added, contains TiO2 in its nanoparticle form, as well as dissolved titanium. Processed clam represented the seafood with the highest content of TiO2 NPs. In pelagic fish species, we found progressively higher levels and smaller sizes of TiO2 NPs from smaller to larger fish. Our results highlight the importance of planning the characterization and quantification of TiO2 NPs in food both processed and not, as well as where the pigment E171 is intentionally added and not, as it is not the only source of TiO2 NPs. This result represents a solid step toward being able to estimate the real level of dietary exposure to TiO2 NPs for the general population and the related health risks.
Cell Phone Ownership and Cellular Text/Email Capabilities Among Temporary and Payroll Construction Workers
Venue: Frontiers in Public Health
Year: 2020

With high rates of temporary workers and a transient worker population, the U.S. construction workforce presents a challenge for long term research and outreach activities. Increasing availability of affordable cell phone technologies may provide an opportunity for research follow up among construction workers once they leave the worksite. Using pilot study survey data we characterize and examine the association of cell phone technology ownership and cellular text/email services among a non probabilistic sample of payroll and temporary construction workers.  A cross sectional study design was used to administer a one time paper based anonymous survey to construction workers working at construction sites in Florida, USA. The survey featured questions on sociodemographic characteristics, occupational history, cell phone technology ownership, and cellular text/email services capabilities.  Among the 223 construction worker survey respondents, 31.4% identified as temporary workers and 68.6% were on payroll and 87.4% owned a cell phone. Construction workers who own a cell phone had greater than a high school education (28.9% vs. 25.0% p 0.019) made $30,000/year (27.1% vs. 14.8% p 0.011) had same cell phone number for >1 year (74.4% vs. 40.7% p 0.001) and were employed as a payroll worker (71.0% vs. 50.0% p 0.037) Temporary construction workers compared to their payroll counterparts were significantly less likely to have email services on their cell phone [unadjusted odds ratio 0.41 (95% CI: 0.17 0.97)  Cell phone ownership and smartphone enabled technologies such as email/texting capabilities are higher among payroll than temporary construction workers. Further research on frequency of cell phone use and types of email/texting services used by construction workers are needed.
Enhancing the sport experiences of Indigenous youth through participation in traditional games
Year: 2017

A well documented need exists for sport policies, programs, and initiatives that are inclusive of Indigenous peoples in Canada. Though little published research has focused on traditional sporting activities (i.e. traditional games) they may play a particularly unique role in supporting positive sport experiences among Indigenous youth. The purpose of this community based participatory research was to better understand how participation in traditional games can enhance the sport experiences of Indigenous youth. The integrated Indigenous ecological model, as described by Lavallee and Levesque (2013) is a contextually and culturally relevant model that provided a theoretical framework for this research. Eighteen Indigenous youth (Y 8; ages 14 18 years) and adults (A 10) living in various communities in the Northwest Territories, Canada participated in this research. Data was generated via one on one interviews or talking circles, and was analyzed using the three step process of content analysis as described by Elo and Kyngas (2008) The words of participants suggest that participating in traditional games can enhance the sport experiences of Indigenous youth by: (1) promoting cultural pride, (2) interacting with Elders, (3) supporting connection to the land, (4) developing personal characteristics, and (5) developing a foundation for movement. Findings from this research contribute to a necessary knowledge base that can serve as a foundation for beginning to address Sport Canada's stated goals to enhance the participation of Indigenous peoples in sport. Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada