nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacoeconomics of Biosimilars: What Is There to Gain from Them?
Venue: Current Rheumatology Reports
Year: 2016

Despite representing a breakthrough in the treatment of immune mediated rheumatic diseases, the direct costs of biotechnological therapies represent a burden to healthcare budgets worldwide. Furthermore, several studies demonstrated that socioeconomically constrained countries have poorer access to these therapies and this has consequences on the optimal management of rheumatic patients. Experience with small peptide biosimilars like filgrastim and epoetin confirmed significant cost savings but revealed variable market uptake. In this report, we summarize the available budget impact models and discuss possible determinants of the pharmacoeconomic performance of antirheumatic biosimilar drugs.
Hierarchical Temporal Attention Network for Thyroid Nodule Recognition Using Dynamic CEUS Imaging
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
Year: 2021

Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has emerged as a popular imaging modality in thyroid nodule diagnosis due to its ability to visualize vascular distribution in real time. Recently, a number of learning based methods are dedicated to mine pathological related enhancement dynamics and make prediction at one step, ignoring a native diagnostic dependency. In clinics, the differentiation of benign or malignant nodules always precedes the recognition of pathological types. In this paper, we propose a novel hierarchical temporal attention network (HiTAN) for thyroid nodule diagnosis using dynamic CEUS imaging, which unifies dynamic enhancement feature learning and hierarchical nodules classification into a deep framework. Specifically, this method decomposes the diagnosis of nodules into an ordered two stage classification task, where diagnostic dependency is modeled by Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs) Besides, we design a local to global temporal aggregation (LGTA) operator to perform a comprehensive temporal fusion along the hierarchical prediction path. Particularly, local temporal information is defined as typical enhancement patterns identified with the guidance of perfusion representation learned from the differentiation level. Then, we leverage an attention mechanism to embed global enhancement dynamics into each identified salient pattern. In this study, we evaluate the proposed HiTAN method on the collected CEUS dataset of thyroid nodules. Extensive experimental results validate the efficacy of dynamic patterns learning, fusion and hierarchical diagnosis mechanism.
Visual Texture Perception with Feature Learning Models and Deep Architectures
Venue: CCPR
Year: 2014

Texture is an important property of images, and a key component for human visual perception. In this work, based on several feature learning models and deep architectures, we study the visual texture perception problem, which is helpful for understanding both the impact of texture itself and the basic mechanisms of human visual systems. Through a series of psychophysical experiments, we find that 12 perceptual features are significant to describe the texture images with regard to the human perceptions. Hence, we represent each texture image with a 12 dimensional vector, corresponding to the values of the 12 perceptual features. To improve the learnablity of existing feature learning models, we propose a set of deep architectures to learn compact representations of the texture perceptual features. Extensive experiments on texture images classification demonstrate the effectiveness of both the feature learning models and the deep architectures. In particular, the advantage of deep architectures over existing feature learning models is shown.
The Ecomuseum of George Henri Riviere
Year: 2020

Georges Henri Riviere and Hugues de Varine coined the term ecomuseum in 1971. The original idea museums without walls is of Riviere, who had a multifaceted talent. He was a talented jazz pianist, voyager, ethologist, and museologist. He lived in Paris when revolutionary cultural political movements shook the entire society. Riviere was a collaborator of many journals that treated various topics, mixing art and science, philosophy and anthropology, surrealism and ethnography. The paper argues that the idea of making ecomuseums derived from Riviere's passion for magazines, warehouse, music, and museums. This innovative vision did originate in the Parisian cultural milieu within which both Surrealism and Ethnography were borne, before distinguishing and separating in very different directions. Following his innovative ideas, French Museology grew, and even a New Museology could open the wings and make decisive cultural and scientific enhancements.
Image based Localization in Urban Environments
Year: 2010

This report describes an efficient algorithm to accurately determine the position and orientation of a camera in an outdoor urban environment using camera imagery acquired from a single location on the ground. The requirement to operate using imagery from a single location allows a system using our algorithms to generate instant position estimates and ensures that the approach may be applied to both mobile and immobile ground sensors. Localization is accomplished by registering visible ground images to urban terrain models that are easily generated offline from aerial imagery. Provided there are a sufficient number of buildings in view of the sensor, our approach provides accurate position and orientation estimates, with position estimates that are more accurate than those typically produced by a global positioning system (GPS)
Post nano strategies for drug delivery: Multistage porous silicon microvectors.
Venue: Journal of materials chemistry. B
Year: 2017

Nanodelivery systems usually improve the biodistribution of drugs, leading to reduced side effects and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. However, only a small portion of the injected nanoparticle dose accumulates in pathological tissue. Challenges in drug delivery arise due to a multitude of transport obstacles in the body, including the endothelium, the extracellular matrix, and the cell membrane. In general, nanoparticles are designed to overcome only a few biological barriers, making them inadequate for localized drug delivery. Accordingly, a multifunctional and multicomponent systems are required to effectively address a wide variety of transport obstacles. A suitable approach to obtain high levels of multifunctionality is to bring together the nanoscale with the microscale, resulting in post nano strategies for drug delivery. This review discusses several such post nano approaches, with an emphasis on the multistage vector (MSV) platform. The MSV consists of three components on different spatial scales, each intended to address biological barriers that exist in a specific compartment in the body. The first stage vector is a microparticle that is designed to navigate in the vascular compartment. The second stage vector consists of nanoparticles that are released from the microparticle into the tissue interstitium, where they address biological barriers in extracellular and intracellular compartments. The final component of the system is a small molecule therapeutic agent. A new generation of microparticle based strategies with expanded applications has recently been developed, including injectable nanoparticle generators and silicon particles for immunotherapy. Notably, the advantage of incorporating microstructures in drug delivery vehicles is apparent from the observation that superior functionality only appears on the microscale, highlighting the inherent functional limitations of nanostructures.
Sekuritisasi Isu Combating Marine Plastic Debris Oleh Indonesia Tahun 2018
Year: 2020

Skripsi ini menganalisis bagaimana upaya sekuritisasi yang dilakukan Indonesia dalam rangka menjamin keamanan lingkungan terkait isu sampah plastik laut tahun 2018. Marine plastic debris atau Puing puing plastik laut adalah masalah lingkungan utama di tingkat global dan nasional dan telah menjadi ancaman utama bagi keanekaragaman hayati laut dan pesisir. Ini adalah masalah paling signifikan bagi lingkungan laut dan kesehatan manusia yang telah dilihat sebagai ancaman. Pemerintah Indonesia telah berkomitmen bahwa akan mengurangi 70% sampah plastik di laut pada tahun 2025. Fokus skripsi ini kemudian melihat upaya sekuritisasi isu combating marine plastic debris oleh Indonesia tahun 2018. Untuk menganalisis hal tersebut digunakan konsep sekuritisasi, ditambah formation of threat yang terlihat kedalam kategori potential threat. Ditambah 5 elemen keamanan yang menguatkan isu sampah plastik laut ini masuk kedalam isu keamanan yang mengancam.
Wave propagation in a phase transforming cellular material
Year: 2016

The aim of this project is to explore the wave propagation properties in a phase transforming cellular material suitable for energy dissipation applications. We pretend to understand how to control the dispersion behavior and switch the propagation properties when the phase transition is triggered. In the long term, the main objective is to achieve a device with tunable band gaps and wave guide properties. The first part of this document presents the theoretical background of wave propagation in periodic materials. The second part is dedicated to the Bloch analysis of the phase transforming cellular material.
Spinach in the teeth: How ego and allocentric perspectives modulate neural correlates of embarrassment in the face of others' public mishaps
Venue: Cortex
Year: 2020

Humans experience vicarious embarrassment when they observe other's mishaps in public settings, even when the protagonist is not embarrassed at all. Though neural correlates of vicarious embarrassment have been studied before, it is yet poorly understood how they are influenced by egocentric or allocentric processes of perspective taking. In the present study we examined the effects of deliberate allocentric and egocentric perspectives during the evaluation of others' public mishaps that pose a threat to the protagonist's reputation. Forty three participants were shown sketches depicting a protagonist's mishaps and were asked to rate either their own vicarious embarrassment as observers (egocentric perspective) or the protagonist's embarrassment (allocentric perspective) Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we found that observing others' mishaps engaged the anterior insula, anterior cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex, irrespective of the adopted mental perspective. Further, as part of the mentalizing network, the right middle temporal gyrus and right temporo parietal junction were exclusively engaged when participants adopted an allocentric perspective while observing others' mishaps. Activation within bilateral areas of the inferior parietal cortex extending to the somatosensory cortex varied as a function of the protagonist's awareness of the blunder and the adopted perspective. In this study, we for the first time dissociate regions within the mentalizing network that contribute to a rather spontaneous versus a rather deliberate and motivated act of understanding other's mental states in the context of vicarious embarrassment.
Development of a questionnaire to measure perceived reasons for divorce seeking: an instrument development study
Venue: Electronic physician
Year: 2018

Subjective accounts of divorce seeking individuals is a useful complement to sociological and psychological causes of divorce at both individual and community level. Regarding the increasing trend of divorce worldwide, the need for a questionnaire measuring subjective reasons of divorce is felt more and more.  The aim of this study was to develop and validate perceived causes of a divorce questionnaire in Iranian society.  This was an instrument development study that carried out in 2016, based on extensive literature reviews and interviews with individuals referring to "Family Intervention Centers to Reduce Divorce" in Kerman, Fars and Alborz provinces (Iran) At first, 38 items expressing the perceived reasons for divorce were extracted; then, 29 items were used in the questionnaire according to the experts' judgment. After that, the questionnaire was given to 570 participants. The structural validity was evaluated using two methods: exploratory factor analysis via principle axis factoring, and known group comparisons by paired samples t test. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was also examined by calculating the Cronbach's alpha and corrected item total correlation. SPSS version 20 was used for statistical analysis.  The mean age SD) of women and men was 32.3 8.9) and 36.8 10.6) respectively. Based on an expert panel, content validity of 29 items was approved. Using principle axis factoring and varimax rotation, two components were extracted. These two factors were called "instrumental/external reasons" and "expressive and relationship centered reasons." Factor loading of all 29 items was higher than 0.32. Cronbach's alpha of the two subscales was 0.84 and 0.85, respectively. Corrected item scale coefficient of all items was more than 0.2.  According to the acceptable validity and reliability of the Perceived Reasons for Divorce Seeking Questionnaire, it can be used to ascertain people's reasons for divorce seeking.
Prognostic factors of 10 year radiographic outcome in early rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective study
Venue: Arthritis research therapy
Year: 2008

IntroductionThe objectives of this study were to determine the predictive factors of long term radiographic outcome of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to describe the relationship between joint damage and disability over the course of the disease.MethodsA cohort of 191 patients with early RA referred from primary care physicians were prospectively followed for 10 years. To determine the predictive factors of radiographic outcome, univariate analysis of the relationship between baseline values and outcome measures was undertaken using a chi squared or Fisher's exact test. Stepwise multiple logistic regression was also performed to select independent prognostic factors.ResultsFrom data available for 112 patients, univariate analysis revealed a total Sharp score at 10 years that was significantly correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) presence and level of IgA rheumatoid factor, presence of an anti citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) serum level of matrix metalloproteinase 3 and radiographic score at baseline. Logistic regression identified the baseline erosion score to be the most important baseline parameter as an independent prognostic factor of total radiographic score at 10 years (odds ratio 5.64; 95% confidence interval 1.78 to 17.86) After excluding radiographic scores from the entry parameters, the presence of ACPA and ESR were also predictive of the final total Sharp score. The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score was strongly correlated with disease activity parameters, such as disease activity score and pain, at baseline and at three, five and 10 years. No correlation was found between total radiographic Sharp score and HAQ score throughout the study.ConclusionsIn this prospective study, baseline radiographic score, ESR and ACPA were the best predictive factors of 10 year radiographic outcome in early RA. HAQ disability was associated with disease activity throughout the 10 year follow up but not with joint damage. This discrepancy with previous reports may be due in part to the early start of therapy with disease modifying anti rheumatic drugs.
Dlouhodoba strategie rozvoje socialnich sluzeb pro zdravotne postizene ve spravnim obvodu Pisku jako obce s rozsirenou pusobnosti do roku 2030
Year: 2015

V teto diplomove praci se venuji problematice planovani socialnich sluzeb v Pisku jakozto obci s rozsirenou pusobnosti s blizsim zamerenim na skupinu osob zdravotne postizenych. Cilem je zjistit, zda a za jakych podminek by bylo mozne prodlouzit horizont, na ktere jsou strategie zpracovavany, a to alespon do delky patnacti let. Teoreticka cast je clenena do ctyr kapitol. Nejprve sleduji koncepci socialni politiky a socialniho statu v prubehu let i s vyhledem do budoucna. Pote je rozebrana oblast socialnich sluzeb, kdy je popsan jejich historicky vyvoj, legislativa k nim vztazena, pojeti kvality v socialnich sluzbach a zpusoby jejich financovani. Treti kapitola je venovana komunitnimu planovani, jeho zasadam a principum. V posledni kapitole se zabyvam cilovou skupinou osob zdravotne postizenych. Cilem prakticke casti je prostrednictvim vyhodnoceni vysledku ziskanych polostrukturovanymi rozhovory se sedmi ucastniky komunitniho planovani v Pisku, zjistit nejen za jakych podminek by bylo mozne casovy horizont planovani prodlouzit, ale jak vubec v soucasnosti planovani probiha, a zda dochazi ke zkvalitneni tohoto procesu. Respondenti byli vybrani z rad zadavatele Mestskeho uradu Pisku a poskytovatele, kdy jsem zvolila jak zastupce nestatnich neziskovych organizaci, cirkevnich organizaci, tak i prispevkove organizace jihoceskeho kraje. Zaujimali ruzne pozice od clenu ridici skupiny po cleny pracovnich skupin, a to i v prubehu planovani minulych. Vyzkumne otazky se tykaji demograficke analyzy cilove skupiny osob zdravotne postizenych, nazoru respondentu zda je stavajici casovy horizont planovani dostacujici, a zda se zvysuje kvalita onoho procesu. Z vyhodnocenych rozhovoru vyplynulo, ze demograficka analyza byla dle seznamenych profesionalne sestavena a posledni komunitni planovani v dane oblasti bylo v porovnani s minulymi podstatne uspesnejsi i co do prubehu. K tomuto napomohla spoluprace s neziskovou organizaci a jejich metodickou a externim supervizorem. Podminky pro prodlouzeni stavajiciho horizontu planovani by bylo mozne podle respondentu prodlouzit pouze za predpokladu sestaveni dlouhodobe celostatni strategie az na obdobi dvaceti let, ktera by byla pravidelne aktualizovana a doplnovana akcnimi plany orientovanymi maximalne na obdobi peti let. Za hlavni prekazky je povazovana casta zmena legislativy a otazka zvratu okolnosti u cilovych skupin jako jsou osoby v krizi. U osob zdravotne postizenych a senioru by vsak moznosti prodlouzeni periody byly vyssi vzhledem ke stalejsi situaci a tim i moznostem dlouhodobejsich statistickych prognoz.
ENORM: A Framework For Edge NOde Resource Management
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Services Computing
Year: 2020

Current computing techniques using the cloud as a centralised server will become untenable as billions of devices get connected to the Internet. This raises the need for fog computing, which leverages computing at the edge of the network on nodes, such as routers, base stations and switches, along with the cloud. However, to realise fog computing the challenge of managing edge nodes will need to be addressed. This paper is motivated to address the resource management challenge. We develop the first framework to manage edge nodes, namely the Edge NOde Resource Management (ENORM) framework. Mechanisms for provisioning and auto scaling edge node resources are proposed. The feasibility of the framework is demonstrated on a PokeMon Go like online game use case. The benefits of using ENORM are observed by reduced application latency between 20 80 percent and reduced data transfer and communication frequency between the edge node and the cloud by up to 95 percent. These results highlight the potential of fog computing for improving the quality of service and experience.
Vehicle license plate detection using region based convolutional neural networks
Venue: Soft Comput.
Year: 2018

Vehicle license plate (LP) detection is a relatively complex problem until we assume the use of a static camera, variations in illumination, known templates of the LP, guaranteed color patterns and other simple assumptions. Practical applications demand robust and generalized LP detection techniques to accommodate complex scenarios. This work suggests a new approach to solving this problem by treating the vehicle LP as an object. The primary focus of this study is to address following tasks associated with the challenge of LP detection: (1) LP detection in every frame of a video sequence, (2) detection of partial LPs and (3) detection of LPs with moving cameras and moving vehicles. The state of the art object detection techniques, including convolutional neural networks with region proposal (RCNN) its successors (Fast RCNN and Faster RCNN) and the exemplar SVM, are used in this work to provide solutions to the problem. The suggested study demonstrates better results in comprehensive tests and comparisons than other conventional approaches.
Analysis and characterization of the friction of vehicle body vibration dampers
Year: 2020

The friction at the contact surfaces of a vehicle body vibration damper, which are moved relatively to each other, influences its transmission behavior at the start of movement (breakaway force) as well as with excitation signals of higher velocity and thus has an impact on the comfort properties of the damper. According to Vibracoustic (Die wichtigsten Kriterien fur deutsche Autofahrer beim Autokauf, Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, Wiesbaden, 2019) for most German drivers (63% comfort (in addition to brand and appearance) before driving dynamics (53% and environmental compatibility (48% is the most important criteria when evaluating a new car, which explains the importance of this vehicle characteristics. Furthermore, the friction is present with any relative movement of the damper and is, therefore, relevant for the design of the damper and the associated vertical dynamics. The friction is generally determined in the fully assembled state of the damper, including oil filling and gas pressure at a very low movement velocity to eliminate the influence of the damping force. This measurement method allows no or only inadequate statements about the friction behavior at, e.g. more dynamic excitation scenarios. As a result, the aim should be to characterize the friction properties without the influence of hydraulic damping at the start of movement or reversal of movement, as well as at higher movement velocities. Another goal is to evaluate the influence of the internal pressure of the damper on its friction behavior. The test damper used here is a commercially available monotube damper that has been modified in accordance with the requirements for these tests. The results shown below can be used as starting variables for further investigations for the targeted optimization of the friction properties and thus for the improvement of driving comfort. The reduction in damper friction promises an increase in comfort due to the improved decoupling of the vehicle body from the road excitation. Furthermore, the data obtained enable the level of detail of simulation models to be increased and serve as a basis for comparing different friction pairings and contact surfaces in the damper. For the substitution of coatings (chrome free piston rods environmental protection) or tube materials (aluminum matrix composites lightweight construction) as well as for changes in the surface structure and roughness, the results enable an evaluation of the friction properties compared to conventional dampers and the adjustment of the friction pairings in the sense of the best possible functionality.