nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Modelling the full costs of an intermodal and road freight transport network
Year: 2007

This paper develops a model for calculating comparable combined internal and external costs of intermodal and road freight transport networks. Internal costs consist of the operational private costs borne by the transport and intermodal terminal operators, and the time costs of goods tied in transit. The external costs include the costs of the impacts of both networks on society and the environment such as local and global air pollution, congestion, noise pollution, and traffic accidents. The model is applied to the simplified configurations of both networks using the inputs from the European freight transport system. The objective is to investigate some effects of European Union policy, which aims to internalise the external costs of transport, on the prospective competition between two networks from a social perspective.
STUDY ON PAVEMENT GRADE CONCRETE WITH PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT BY MARBLE DUST AND M SAND AS FINE AGGREGATE
Year: 2020

This paper presents the strength (characteristic) properties of the concrete with partial replacement of cement by Marble dust and using M Sand (quarry dust) as fine aggregate instead of natural river sand for M 40 grade rigid pavement concrete. Uses of waste materials in construction industry have two benefits: one is it substitutes the nonrenewable resources and other isthe best utilization of the waste material and reduces problems of dumping, it also makes the concrete as Eco Friendly as well as Economical one. The river sand is 100% replaced with M sand, and the cement replacement is in different proportion that is 5% 10% 15% 20% by weight of cement with waste material Marble Dust powder. Properties of concrete are tested for fresh concrete and hardened concrete. For fresh concrete slump cone test is conducted and for hardened concrete compressive strength, Tensile strength and flexural strength test conducted after desired days of proper curing. The Design mix is done for M 40 grade pavement concrete 1:2.3:3.02 is the adopted mix ratio. The results of desired concrete are compared with non marble dust used concrete that is conventional concrete with 0% marble dust.
Word Translation Without Parallel Data
Venue: ICLR
Year: 2018

State of the art methods for learning cross lingual word embeddings have relied on bilingual dictionaries or parallel corpora. Recent studies showed that the need for parallel data supervision can be alleviated with character level information. While these methods showed encouraging results, they are not on par with their supervised counterparts and are limited to pairs of languages sharing a common alphabet. In this work, we show that we can build a bilingual dictionary between two languages without using any parallel corpora, by aligning monolingual word embedding spaces in an unsupervised way. Without using any character information, our model even outperforms existing supervised methods on cross lingual tasks for some language pairs. Our experiments demonstrate that our method works very well also for distant language pairs, like English Russian or English Chinese. We finally describe experiments on the English Esperanto low resource language pair, on which there only exists a limited amount of parallel data, to show the potential impact of our method in fully unsupervised machine translation. Our code, embeddings and dictionaries are publicly available.
The Transcriptional Signature of a Runner's High
Venue: Medicine and science in sports and exercise
Year: 2019

Endorphins, endocannabinoids, monoamines, and neurotrophins have all been implicated in the euphoric response to endurance running, known as a runner's high (RH) The epitranscriptional mechanisms regulating this effect have not been defined. Here, we investigate peripheral micro ribonucleic acid (miRNA) changes unique to athletes experiencing postrun euphoria, yielding insights into gene networks that control an RH.  A cohort study involving 25 collegiate runners (48% females, age 20 1 yr) examined salivary RNA levels before and after a long distance run. Participants were divided into RH and nonrunner's high (NRH) groups based on surveys of four criteria (mood, lost sense of time, run quality, and euphoria) Physiological measures were also recorded (temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, pupillary dilatation, and salivary serotonin) Levels of miRNAs and their messenger RNA targets were compared across pre and postrun samples from RH and NRH groups with two way ANOVA. Representation of opioid, gamma aminobutyic acid (GABA) endocannabinoid, neurotrophin, serotonergic, and dopaminergic pathways was assessed in DIANA miRPath. Pearson's correlation analyses examined relationships between miRNAs and RH indices.  RH participants (n 13) demonstrated postrun mydriasis (P 0.046) and hypothermia (P 0.043) relative to NRH participants (n 12) but had no difference in serotonin dynamics (P 0.88) Six miRNAs (miR 194 5p, miR 4676 3p, miR 4254, miR 4425, miR 1273 3p, miR 6743 5p) exhibited significant effects (false discovery rate P value 0.05) across pre or postrun and RH/NRH groups. These miRNAs displayed target enrichment for opioid (P 2.74E 06) and GABA (P 0.00016) pathways. miR 1237 3p levels were related with lost sense of time (R 0.40) Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK11) an endocannabinoid target of miR 1273 3p, was nominally elevated in RH participants (false discovery rate P value 0.11)  Unique dynamics in miRNA concentration occur in athletes with subjective/objective evidence of RH, targeting genes implicated endorphin, endocannabinoid, and GABAergic signaling.
Ortaokul Ogrencilerinin Cevreye Yonelik Tutum Duzeylerinin Belirlenmesi
Year: 2019

Bu arastirmanin amaci ortaokul ogrencilerinin cevreye yonelik tutumlarini farkli degiskenler acisindan incelemektir. Arastirmada nicel arastirmanin desenlerinden tarama deseni kullanilmistir. Arastirmanin ulasilabilir evrenini Kayseri Sarioglan ilcesindeki 5. 6.,7. ve 8. sinifa devam eden 341 ortaokul ogrencisi olusturmustur. 2017 2018 guz doneminde yurutulen arastirmada ortaokul ogrencilerinin cevreye karsi tutum duzeyleri cinsiyet, yas, sinif, anne baba egitim duzeyi ve aile gelir duzeyi gibi degiskenlere gore incelenmistir. Verilerin toplanmasinda Tafli ve Ates (2016) tarafindan gelistirilen "Cevreye Karsi Tutum Olcegi" kullanilmistir. Bu olcek, calismamiza uygun olarak duzenlenerek 24 madde olarak hazirlanmistir. Elde edilen verilerin analizi SPSS 21.0 paket programi kullanilarak yapilmistir. Guvenirligi ve gecerligi saglanan olcegin LISREL programinda dogrulama analizi gerceklestirilmistir. Verilerin analizinde cesitli betimsel analizler hesaplanarak dagilimin ozellikleri ortaya koyulmustur. Verilerin normal dagilim gosterdigi belirlenmis ve parametrik testler ile analizler yapilmistir. Verilerin betimsel analizinde aritmetik ortalama, mod, medyan, basiklik, carpiklik, standart sapma, ranj, varyans ve histogram grafikleri belirlenen araliklar kapsaminda yorumlanmistir. Cikarimsal analizinde bagimsiz orneklem t testi, tek faktorlu ANOVA, tek faktorlu ANCOVA testleri uygulanmistir. Calismada kiz ogrencilerin tutum puanlari erkek ogrencilere gore daha anlamli oldugu tespit edilirken, yas, sinif duzeyi, okul turu, anne baba egitim durumu ve gelir duzeyi degiskeninin etkili olmadigi tespit edilmistir.
Etudes phytochimique et biologique de plantes soudanaises Hydnora johannis Beccari (Hydnoraceae) et Citrullus lanatus (Thunb. Matsum. et Nakai var. citroides (Bailey) Mansf. (Cucurbitaceae)
Year: 2011

Differents extraits ont ete prepares a partir de racines de H. johannis et differents tests biologiques ont ete appliques en vue de rechercher differentes activites. L'extrait aqueux s'est montre particulierement actif sur Enterococcus fecalis, Staphylococcus aureus et Bacillus. Les extraits aqueux depourvus de tanins et les tanins isoles ne presentent pas d'activite antibacterienne. L'effet synergetique des composes serait donc responsable de l'activite antibacterienne de la plante. Une activite antifongique sur Microsporum canis, une propriete antiradicalaire et une activite antiglycation ont ete constatees avec les deux extraits. Une etude toxicologique de la poudre de plante et de l'extrait ethanolique sur des rats revele une toxicite au niveau du foie et de la rate. Cinq composes ont ete isoles puis identifies. Il s'agit de 3',4',5 Trihydroxy 6,7 dimethoxyflavone 3,5 Dihydroxy 4,7 dimethoxy dihydroflavonol, Catechine, Vanilline et l'acide Protocatechuic. Du stigmasterol, de l'acide oleique, de l'acide myristique et de l'acide palmitique ont ete egalement identifies. Le travail sur C. lanatus var. citroides a montre que l'extrait methanolique (70% des pulpes de fruits possede une activite contre B. subtilis, S. aureus et E. coli. Les extraits butanolique et a l'acetate d'ethyle ne sont pas toxiques contre les larves de crevettes. L'extrait butanolique possede une propriete significative antiradicalaire. Deux composes ont ete isoles et identifies. Ce sont la Cucurbitacine E 2 O [beta] glucopyranoside et la Cucurbitacine L 2 O [beta] glucopyranoside. Ces composes montrent une activite antibacterienne contre E. coli. La Cucurbitacine L 2 O [beta] glucopyranoside possede une activite antibacterienne contre P. aeruginosa et une propriete moderee anti radicaux libres
Traditional Herbal Medicine Candidates as Complementary Treatments for COVID 19: A Review of Their Mechanisms, Pros and Cons
Venue: Evidence based complementary and alternative medicine eCAM
Year: 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) is a new infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV 2) that belongs to the coronavirus family. The first case was reported in December 2019, and the disease has become a pandemic. Impaired immune regulation is one of the factors that play a role in its pathogenesis and results in poor outcomes of COVID 19 patients. There have been many studies with drug candidates used as antivirals or immunomodulators. However, the results of these investigations showed that the drug candidates were not significantly effective against the disease. Meanwhile, people believe that consuming herbal immunomodulators can prevent or even cure COVID 19. Unfortunately, specific preclinical and clinical trials to evaluate the effects of herbal immunoregulators have not been conducted. Certain natural compounds might be effective for the treatment of COVID 19 based on general concepts from previous experiments. This review discusses some herbal agents extracted from various plants, including Echinacea, Cinchona, Curcuma longa, and Curcuma xanthorrhiza, which are considered for the treatment of COVID 19. In addition, we discuss the pros and cons of utilising herbal medicine during the COVID 19 pandemic, draw some conclusions, and make recommendations at the end of the session.
Belief bias among believers of the paranormal and the pseudoscience
Venue: CogSci
Year: 2018

It has been shown that believers of empirically suspect beliefs (ESBs) were less analytic than the skeptics, hence they were more likely to show the belief bias in syllogistic reasoning in which the conclusion was related to the general knowledge. However, little is known whether they show the similar biases in the syllogism that the conclusion was related to their ESBs. The present study investigated whether ESB believers tended to commit the bias than non believers, and whether the link between belief and reasoning errors was moderated by cognitive style towards analytical thinking. The results showed that the paranormal belief was negatively associated with the correct ratio of syllogistic reasoning, whereas this association was no more significant after the cognitive style and response time were controlled. On the other hand, the link between the pseudoscientific belief and the reasoning performance remained significant after the cognitive style was partialled out.
Dealing with feeling: a meta analysis of the effectiveness of strategies derived from the process model of emotion regulation.
Venue: Psychological bulletin
Year: 2012

The present meta analysis investigated the effectiveness of strategies derived from the process model of emotion regulation in modifying emotional outcomes as indexed by experiential, behavioral, and physiological measures. A systematic search of the literature identified 306 experimental comparisons of different emotion regulation (ER) strategies. ER instructions were coded according to a new taxonomy, and meta analysis was used to evaluate the effectiveness of each strategy across studies. The findings revealed differences in effectiveness between ER processes: Attentional deployment had no effect on emotional outcomes (d( 0.00) response modulation had a small effect (d( 0.16) and cognitive change had a small to medium effect (d( 0.36) There were also important within process differences. We identified 7 types of attentional deployment, 4 types of cognitive change, and 4 types of response modulation, and these distinctions had a substantial influence on effectiveness. Whereas distraction was an effective way to regulate emotions (d( 0.27) concentration was not (d( 0.26) Similarly, suppressing the expression of emotion proved effective (d( 0.32) but suppressing the experience of emotion or suppressing thoughts of the emotion eliciting event did not (d( 0.04 and 0.12, respectively) Finally, reappraising the emotional response proved less effective (d( 0.23) than reappraising the emotional stimulus (d( 0.36) or using perspective taking (d( 0.45) The review also identified several moderators of strategy effectiveness including factors related to the (a) to be regulated emotion, (b) frequency of use and intended purpose of the ER strategy, (c) study design, and (d) study characteristics.
Recent decline in precipitation and tree growth in the eastern Mediterranean
Year: 2007

We present evidence of a recent drying in the eastern Mediterranean, based on weather and tree ring data for Samos, an island of the eastern Aegean Sea. Rainfall declined rapidly after the late 1970s following trends for the entire Mediterranean and was associated with reduced tree ring width in Pinus brutia. The most recent decline led to the lowest annual radial stem increment after the last 100 years (as far as records reach) As moisture availability decreased best correlations of tree growth with rainfall were obtained for progressively longer integration periods (1 2 years in moister periods, 5 6 years during the severe dryness of 20th century's last decades) suggesting increasing dependency in deep soil water. Such long term integration periods of tree growth responses to precipitation have not been reported before. They may reflect a tree rooting pattern adapted to cope with even several successive dry years. In late summer 2000, moisture reserves became exhausted, however, and a substantial fraction of low altitude pines died, including some 80 year old trees, which underlines the exceptional extent this trend had reached. Our findings provide empirical support for Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projections derived from global circulation models that the Mediterranean, its eastern basin in particular, should become drier as temperature rises, as was the case in the recent past.
Cloning, expression and biochemical characterization of xanthine and adenine phosphoribosyltransferases from Thermus thermophilus HB8
Year: 2018

Purine phosphoribosyltransferases, purine PRTs, are essential enzymes in the purine salvage pathway of living organisms. They are involved in the formation of C N glycosidic bonds in purine nucleosides 5' monophosphate (NMPs) through the transfer of the 5 phosphoribosyl group from 5 phospho a D ribosyl 1 pyrophosphate (PRPP) to purine nucleobases in the presence of Mg2+ Herein, we report a simple and thermostable process for the one pot, one step synthesis of some purine NMPs using xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase, XPRT or adenine phosphoribosyltransferase, APRT2, from Thermus thermophilus HB8. In this sense, the cloning, expression and purification of TtXPRT and TtAPRT2 is described for the first time. Both genes, xprt and aprt2 were expressed as his tagged enzymes in E. coli BL21(DE3) and purified by a heat shock treatment, followed by Ni affinity chromatography and a final, polishing gel filtration chromatography. Biochemical characterization revealed TtXPRT as a tetramer and TtAPRT2 as a dimer. In addition, both enzymes displayed a strong temperature dependence (relative activity >75% in a temperature range from 70 to 90 degC) but they also showed very different behaviour under the influence of pH. While TtXPRT is active in a pH range from 5 to 7, TtAPRT2 has a high dependence of alkaline conditions, showing highest activity values in a pH range from 8 to 10. Finally, substrate specificity studies were performed in order to explore their potential as industrial biocatalyst for NMPs synthesis.
Review on Dye Removal from Its Aqueous Solution into Alternative Cost Effective and Non Conventional Adsorbents
Year: 2013

Dyes are complex organic compounds which are used by various industries to colour their products. These dyes are purged from various industrial sources such as textile, cosmetic, paper, leather, rubber and printing industries. Wastewater effluents contain dyes which may cause potential hazards to the environment. Some of these dyes are toxic, carcinogenic and can cause skin and eye irritation. Therefore, many researchers have been studied the effectiveness of dyes removal from aqueous solution by different separation methods. Different separation techniques have been used for the treatment of dye bearing wastewater such as adsorption, coagulation/flocculation, advanced oxidation technologies, ozonation, and membrane filtration, aerobic and anaerobic degradation. All dye separation techniques have their own limitation in terms of design, operation efficiency and total cost. This review paper provides extensive literature information about dyes, its classification and toxicity together with various treatment methods into dye adsorption characteristics of several non conventional cost effective sustainable adsorbents. The mechanism and the effects of various physio chemical process parameters on dye adsorption are presented here.
SEBARAN PRODUKTIVITAS PRIMER KAITANNYA DENGAN KONDISI KUALITAS AIR DI PERAIRAN KARIMUN JAWA
Venue: Jurnal Segara
Year: 2019

Kepulauan Karimun Jawa merupakan gugusan pulau pulau yang memiliki sumberdaya pesisir yang besar. Sumberdaya pesisir di Karimun Jawa didukung dengan adanya ekosistem penting seperti ekossistem karang, lamun, rumput laut dan mangrove. Meningkatnya pariwisita di perairan Karimun Jawa dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan ekosistem dan berdampak menurunnya kesuburan perairan di sekitar laut. Hal tersebut berdampak pada organisme yang terdapat pada perairan tersebut. Klorofil a merupakan pigmen fitoplankton yang berperan penting dalam proses fotosintesis. Proses fotosintesis juga dipengaruhi oleh sinar cahaya yang masuk di dalam perairan sehingga apabila kekeruhan di suatu perairan tinggi dapat menyebabkan berkurangnya penetrasi cahaya yang masuk ke dalam perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis produktivitas primer kaitannya dengan parameter lingkungan yang berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas perairan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan analisis komponen utama (PCA) Uji laboratorium yang dilakukan adalah analisis konsentrasi klorofil a dan muatan padatan tersuspensi. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu nilai produktivitas primer berkisar antara 37.5 75 mgC/m3/jam. Hasil analisis PCA menunjukkan bahwa indikator yang dominan dalam produktivitas primer adalah nilai klorofil a dan muatan padatan tersuspensi
Deep Multimodal Feature Analysis for Action Recognition in RGB+D Videos
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Year: 2018

Single modality action recognition on RGB or depth sequences has been extensively explored recently. It is generally accepted that each of these two modalities has different strengths and limitations for the task of action recognition. Therefore, analysis of the RGB+D videos can help us to better study the complementary properties of these two types of modalities and achieve higher levels of performance. In this paper, we propose a new deep autoencoder based shared specific feature factorization network to separate input multimodal signals into a hierarchy of components. Further, based on the structure of the features, a structured sparsity learning machine is proposed which utilizes mixed norms to apply regularization within components and group selection between them for better classification performance. Our experimental results show the effectiveness of our cross modality feature analysis framework by achieving state of the art accuracy for action classification on five challenging benchmark datasets.
Multi Order Information for Working Set Selection of Sequential Minimal Optimization
Venue: AISTATS
Year: 2019

A new working set selection method for sequential minimal optimization (SMO) is proposed in this paper. Instead of the method adopted in the current version of LIBSVM, which uses the second order information of the objective function to choose the violating pairs, we suggest a new method where a higher order information is considered. It includes the descent degree of the objective function and the stride of variables update. Many experimental results show, in contrast to LIBSVM, the number of iterations obtained by the proposed method is less in the vast majority of cases and the training of support vector machines (SVMs) is sped up. Meanwhile, the convergence of the proposed approach can be guaranteed and its accuracy is at the same level as LIBSVM's.
Complexity Measure of FH/SS Sequences Using Approximate Entropy
Venue: 2009 IEEE International Conference on Communications
Year: 2009

High complexity of frequency hopping (FH)/spread spectrum (SS) sequence is of great importance to high security multiple access communication systems, for it makes FH/SS sequence difficult to be analyzed. With the growing development in the design of FH/SS sequence in much wider fields, the well known complexity measures the linear complexity (LC) the linear complexity profile (LCP) and the k error linear complexity (k error LC) are widely used but not sufficient to evaluate the complexities of the sequences available, such as the cryptographical sequence and the chaotic sequence families. In this paper, a new complexity metric to evaluate the unpredictability of FH/SS sequence based on the approximate entropy (ApEn) is proposed in the view of the maximal randomness of the sequences with arbitrary length. And the theoretical bounds of the ApEn are derived from a probabilistic point of view. Simulations and analysis results show that, the proposed ApEn works effectively to discern the changing complexities of the FH/SS sequences with small number of samples, which provide superior performance over its candidates.