nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Venue: Clinical infectious diseases an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Year: 2008

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections are increasingly associated with acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) We aimed to determine whether an underlying chronic infection might be behind this process and to determine the epidemiological characteristics of the isolates involved, to implement useful protocols for preventing and treating these infections.  P. aeruginosa isolates obtained from respiratory samples of 13 patients with COPD and from blood samples of 10 patients in intensive care units were investigated. In 8 patients with COPD, isolates were obtained during sequential exacerbation episodes. Five patients presented a single infection episode. Production of virulence determinants and genetic relationships were analyzed in all isolates.  Patients with COPD were usually infected with 1 P. aeruginosa clone that remained in the lung for years, without evidence of interpatient transmission. During chronic infection, each clone diversified, which led to the coexistence of isolates with different morphotypes and antibiotic susceptibility. Overall, P. aeruginosa evolved toward an increased mutation rate, increased antibiotic resistance, and reduced production of proteases. Isolates from samples of infected lungs tend to be less cytotoxic and motile and to produce more biofilm, compared with isolates from blood samples.  These results provide the first evidence supporting the hypothesis that P. aeruginosa causes chronic infections in COPD, with patterns of infection and evolution that resemble those observed in cystic fibrosis. Experience gained from treating cystic fibrosis might be useful for implementing new procedures for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infection due to P. aeruginosa in COPD.
Spatial fuzzy clustering approach to characterize flood risk in urban storm water drainage systems
Venue: Natural Hazards
Year: 2016

Increasing environmental stress of drainage systems leads to frequent occurrence of urban flooding, which generates significant adverse economic, social, and environmental impacts. In this study, spatial fuzzy clustering approach (SFCA) is developed to estimate possible flood risks in storm water drainage systems and address complexity and uncertainties of flood risk assessment. The proposed approach is capable of gaining insights into system behavior by exploring spatial patterns of flood risk. The corresponding algorithm is utilized to divide a drainage system into various clusters to reflect flood risk levels along the network space. Application to a sample drainage system demonstrates that it provides an appropriate technique to determine spatial distribution of flood risks. Results reveal that areas with high, moderate, and low risk identified by SFCA correspond to a certain degree of environmental stress. The findings of this study can serve as a preliminary basis to guide managers in their evaluation of flood risks in various drainage management scenarios.
Do syllable specific tonal probabilities guide lexical access? Evidence from Mandarin, Shanghai and Cantonese speakers
Year: 2015

An eye tracking study investigated how the interaction between syllable frequency and syllable specific tonal probability guides online lexical access in speakers of mutually unintelligible Chinese dialects with three disparate tonal systems. Mono dialectal Mandarin speakers, bi dialectal Shanghai Mandarin speakers and bi dialectal Cantonese Mandarin speakers searched for target Mandarin syllable tone combinations while their eye movements and mouse clicks were recorded. The results showed dialectal differences in online eye fixation patterns but not in offline mouse responses. For all groups, mouse clicks were fastest for infrequent syllables with most probable tones and slowest for infrequent syllables with least probable tones. In online eye movement responses, only mono dialectal Mandarin speakers showed an interaction between syllable frequency and tonal probability. Mono dialectal Mandarin speakers' fixations were fastest for infrequent syllables with probable tones and slowest for infrequent syllables with improbable tones. Mono dialectal speakers also showed a greater amount of competition from the more probable segmental competitor when hearing improbable tones. Bi dialectal speakers showed different timing in their integration of tonal probabilities. These findings suggest that highly bilingual speakers track and use Mandarin tonal probabilities, but their sensitivity to L2 tonal information may lag behind monolinguals for online word recognition.
Thermo responsive poly(ionic liquid) valves for microfluidic devices
Year: 2016

Poly(ionic liquid)s (PIL) are a class of ionic liquids that feature polymerizable groups in the cation, the anion or both. They retain most of the properties present in ionic liquids, including ionic conductivity, low vapour pressure and tunable physico chemical properties. Several phosphonium ionic liquids have been shown to possess a lower critical solution temperature, making them suitable materials for the synthesis of temperature responsive smart materials.1,2 Herein, we present the synthesis of a thermo responsive tributylhexyl phosphonium 3 sulfopropyl acrylate (PSPA) crosslinked PIL, followed by its inclusion in a microfluidic device to be used as a temperature controlled valve. After polymerization, the hydrogels were swollen in deionized water and had their temperature induced shrinking measured with a digital microscope from 20 degC to 70 degC, in 10 degC intervals. Measurements indicate a relative surface contraction of the hydrogels, in deionized water, of 34.04% 4.62% (n 3) at a temperature of 50 degC, and 53.37% 12.55% (n 3) at a temperature of 70 degC. Following this, microfluidic devices were constructed using poly(methyl methacrylate) and pressure sensitive adhesive. After assembly, the chips were fitted on a heating element and connected to a syringe pump with a flow rate of 500 nL*min 1. A flow microsensor was used to analyze the shrinking swelling efficiency of the PILc hydrogel valves. A temperature of 50 degC was applied to shrink the hydrogels, followed by a temperature of 25 degC to re swell the hydrogels. The time required for the PILc valve to open was ~6s, allowing water flow ~140 nL*min 1) while the time required for it to close was ~10s. This process was repeated for six times indicating the possibility of using these valves for multiple times. In conclusion, the results confirm the applicability of PSPA hydrogels as thermally controlled valves in microfluidic devices. Furthermore, the next steps of this study will focus on the optimization of the microfluidic device to ensure maximum efficiency in closing and opening the channel, while also increasing the repeatability of the operation.
Twitter User Geolocation based on Heterogeneous Network and Label Propagation
Venue: ICCPR
Year: 2019

Twitter user geolocation is applied into various applications, such as local messages recommendation and event location recognition. Existing methods do not usually utilize the potential positional correlation between heterogeneous information, resulting in low user geolocation accuracy. Therefore, this paper proposes a user geolocation method based on heterogeneous network and label propagation. First, a heterogeneous network is built based on heterogeneous information mined from user tweets. Then, by analyzing the factors that impact the efficiency and accuracy of label propagation, redundant nodes and edges in the initialized heterogeneous network are removed. Finally, the locations of unlabeled users are geolocated through label propagation in the simplified heterogeneous network. Experiments on the publicly available Twitter benchmark dataset show that proposed method accurately locate 57% of users within 161 km of their locations, a significant improvement over several existing methods.
Developing a Medical School Curriculum for Psychological, Moral, and Spiritual Wellness: Student and Faculty Perspectives.
Venue: Journal of pain and symptom management
Year: 2016

Although many studies have addressed the integration of a religion and/or spirituality curriculum into medical school training, few describe the process of curriculum development based on qualitative data from students and faculty.  The aim of this study is to explore the perspectives of medical students and chaplaincy trainees regarding the development of a curriculum to facilitate reflection on moral and spiritual dimensions of caring for the critically ill and to train students in self care practices that promote professionalism.  Research staff conducted semiscripted and one on one interviews and focus groups. Respondents also completed a short and self reported demographic questionnaire. Participants included 44 students and faculty members from Harvard Medical School and Harvard Divinity School, specifically senior medical students and divinity school students who have undergone chaplaincy training.  Two major qualitative themes emerged: curriculum format and curriculum content. Inter rater reliability was high (kappa 0.75) With regard to curriculum format, most participants supported the curriculum being longitudinal, elective, and experiential. With regard to curriculum content, five subthemes emerged: personal religious and/or spiritual (R/S) growth, professional integration of R/S values, addressing patient needs, structural and/or institutional dynamics within the health care system, and controversial social issues.  Qualitative findings of this study suggest that development of a future medical school curriculum on R/S and wellness should be elective, longitudinal, and experiential and should focus on the impact and integration of R/S values and self care practices within self, care for patients, and the medical team. Future research is necessary to study the efficacy of these curricula once implemented.
Exploring the association of infant receptive language and pitch variability in fathers' infant directed speech.
Venue: Journal of child language
Year: 2019

The objective of this study was to examine the links between prosodic features of paternal Infant Directed Speech (IDS) and child characteristics. Pitch variability measures were extracted from the speech samples of 50 fathers during unstructured play with their two year old children. Evidence for a link between child receptive language ability (measured by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development III) and fathers' pitch variability was obtained from Multiple Hierarchical Regression. Findings support the hypothesis that fathers tailor their speech to their children. This is one of the few studies to examine the relationship between fathers' IDS and child language ability.
Deep learning hashing for mobile visual search
Venue: EURASIP J. Image Video Process.
Year: 2017

The proliferation of mobile devices is producing a new wave of mobile visual search applications that enable users to sense their surroundings with smart phones. As the particular challenges of mobile visual search, achieving high recognition bitrate becomes the consistent target of existed related works. In this paper, we explore to holistically exploit the deep learning based hashing methods for more robust and instant mobile visual search. Firstly, we present a comprehensive survey of the existed deep learning based hashing methods, which showcases their remarkable power of automatic learning highly robust and compact binary code representation for visual search. Furthermore, in order to implement the deep learning hashing on computation and memory constrained mobile device, we investigate the deep learning optimization works to accelerate the computation and reduce the model size. Finally, we demonstrate a case study of deep learning hashing based mobile visual search system. The evaluations show that the proposed system can significantly improve 70% accuracy in MAP than traditional methods, and only needs less than one second computation time on the ordinary mobile phone. Finally, with the comprehensive study, we discuss the open issues and future research directions of deep learning hashing for mobile visual search.
Mortality impacts of the coronavirus disease (COVID 19) outbreak by sex and age: rapid mortality surveillance system, Italy, 1 February to 18 April 2020
Venue: Euro surveillance bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles European communicable disease bulletin
Year: 2020

Data from the rapid mortality surveillance system in 19 major Italian cities were used to carry out a timely assessment of the health impact of the COVID 19 epidemic. By 18 April, a 45% excess in mortality was observed, with a higher impact in the north of the country 76% The excess was greatest among men, with an increasing trend by age. Surveillance data can be used to evaluate the lockdown and re opening phases.
Sustainability assessment of shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process
Year: 2017

Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process is one of the most commonly employed material joining processes utilized in the various industrial sectors such as marine, ship building, automotive, aerospace, construction and petrochemicals etc. The increasing pressure on manufacturing sector wants the welding process to be sustainable in nature. The SMAW process incorporates several types of inputs and output streams. The sustainability concerns associated with SMAW process are linked with the various input and output streams such as electrical energy requirement, input material consumptions, slag formation, fumes emission and hazardous working conditions associated with the human health and occupational safety. To enhance the environmental performance of the SMAW welding process, there is a need to characterize the sustainability for the SMAW process under the broad framework of sustainability. Most of the available literature focuses on the technical and economic aspects of the welding process, however the environmental and social aspects are rarely addressed. The study reviews SMAW process with respect to the triple bottom line (economic, environmental and social) sustainability approach. Finally, the study concluded recommendations towards achieving economical and sustainable SMAW welding process.
Clinical Features Associated with Strongyloidiasis in Migrants and the Potential Impact of Immunosuppression: A Case Control Study
Venue: Pathogens
Year: 2020

Strongyloides stercoralis is a widely distributed nematode more frequent in tropical areas and particularly severe in immunosuppressed patients. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with strongyloidiasis in migrants living in a non endemic area and to assess the response to treatment and follow up in those diagnosed with the infection. We performed a multicenter case control study with 158 cases and 294 controls matched 1:2 by a department service. Participants were recruited simultaneously at six hospitals or clinics in Spain. A paired match analysis was then performed looking for associations and odds ratios in sociodemographic characteristics, pathological background, clinical presentation and analytical details. Cases outcomes after a six month follow up visit were also registered and their particularities described. Most cases and controls came from Latin America (63% 47% or sub Saharan Africa (26% 35% The number of years residing in Spain (9.9 vs. 9.8, p 0.9) and immunosuppression status (30% vs. 36.3% p 0.2) were also similar in both groups. Clinical symptoms such as diffuse abdominal pain (21% vs. 13% p 0.02) and epigastralgia (29% vs. 18% p 0.001) along with a higher eosinophil count (483 vs. 224 cells/mL in cases and controls, p 0.001) and the mean total Immunoglobulin E (IgE) (354 U/L vs. 157.9 U/L; p 0.001) were associated with having strongyloidiasis. Finally, 98.2% percent of the cases were treated with ivermectin in different schedules, and 94.5% met the cure criteria at least six months after their first consultation. Abdominal pain, epigastralgia, eosinophilia, increased levels of IgE and Latin American origin remain the main features associated with S. stercoralis infection, although this association is less evident in immunosuppressed patients. The appropriate follow up time to evaluate treatment response based on serology titers should be extended beyond 6 months if the cure criteria are not achieved.
A 0.086 mm$^2$ 12.7 pJ/SOP 64k Synapse 256 Neuron Online Learning Digital Spiking Neuromorphic Processor in 28 nm CMOS
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
Year: 2019

Shifting computing architectures from von Neumann to event based spiking neural networks (SNNs) uncovers new opportunities for low power processing of sensory data in applications such as vision or sensorimotor control. Exploring roads toward cognitive SNNs requires the design of compact, low power and versatile experimentation platforms with the key requirement of online learning in order to adapt and learn new features in uncontrolled environments. However, embedding online learning in SNNs is currently hindered by high incurred complexity and area overheads. In this paper, we present ODIN, a 0.086 mm<inline formula><tex math notation="LaTeX"^2$/tex math>/inline formula> 64k synapse 256 neuron online learning digital spiking neuromorphic processor in 28 nm FDSOI CMOS achieving a minimum energy per synaptic operation (SOP) of 12.7 pJ. It leverages an efficient implementation of the spike driven synaptic plasticity (SDSP) learning rule for high density embedded online learning with only 0.68 <inline formula><tex math notation="LaTeX"\mu$/tex math>/inline formula>m<inline formula><tex math notation="LaTeX"^2$/tex math>/inline formula> per 4 bit synapse. Neurons can be independently configured as a standard leaky integrate and fire model or as a custom phenomenological model that emulates the 20 Izhikevich behaviors found in biological spiking neurons. Using a single presentation of 6k 16 x 16 MNIST training images to a single layer fully connected 10 neuron network with on chip SDSP based learning, ODIN achieves a classification accuracy of 84.5% while consuming only 15 nJ/inference at 0.55 V using rank order coding. ODIN thus enables further developments toward cognitive neuromorphic devices for low power, adaptive and low cost processing.
Synaptic properties of thalamic and intracortical inputs to layer 4 of the first and higher order cortical areas in the auditory and somatosensory systems.
Venue: Journal of neurophysiology
Year: 2008

The thalamus is an essential structure in the mammalian forebrain conveying information topographically from the sensory periphery to primary neocortical areas. Beyond this initial processing stage, "higher order" thalamocortical connections have been presumed to serve only a modulatory role, or are otherwise functionally disregarded. Here we demonstrate that these "higher order" thalamic nuclei share similar synaptic properties with the "first order" thalamic nuclei. Using whole cell recordings from layer 4 neurons in thalamocortical slice preparations in the mouse somatosensory and auditory systems, we found that electrical stimulation in all thalamic nuclei elicited large, glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) that depress in response to repetitive stimulation and that fail to activate a metabotropic glutamate response. In contrast, the intracortical inputs from layer 6 to layer 4 exhibit facilitating EPSPs. These data suggest that higher order thalamocortical projections may serve a functional role similar to the first order nuclei, whereas both are physiologically distinct from the intracortical layer 6 inputs. These results suggest an alternate route for information transfer between cortical areas via a corticothalamocortical pathway.
Application of a Simplified Corona Discharge Model to a Lightning Surge Simulation with the PEEC Method
Venue: 2018 34th International Conference on Lightning Protection (ICLP)
Year: 2018

In this paper, a simplified corona discharge model is adopted in a surge simulation with a partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) method in the time domain. The corona progression from an overhead wire, to which a high voltage impulse is applied, is represented by the radial expansion of the conducting region with a conductivity of 40 mS/m. To confirm the validity of the presented model with the PEEC method, the calculated results are compared with experimental results collected from Noda's experiments. The calculated results agree well with the corresponding experimental ones. This shows that the PEEC method in the time domain with the corona model is of use in simulations of lightning surges propagating along overhead wires.
FRAGMENTOS DA HISTORIA DA RADIO E DA TV BRASILEIRA A PARTIR DO OLHAR DA ATRIZ GOIANA CICI PINHEIRO
Year: 2018

In this study, I reflect on part of the regional theatrical history of Goiania, relating it to some historical facts of Brazilian radio and TV, based on the reports of the goiana actress Cici Pinheiro. The objective is to point out how the history of goiano theater is interconnected with the national history of Brazilian theater. The methodology is based on bibliographical and memorialistic documentary analysis, considering that the main research subject is no longer alive.
Disciplines of organizational resilience: contributions, critiques, and future research avenues
Year: 2020

Literature on resilience in business and management is increasing and has made considerable progress, yet researcher criticize the concept for being ambiguous and to lack clarity in terms of its definition and measurement. This paper investigates causes for ambiguity and disciplines that shaped the understanding of the concept. Five disciplinary perspectives are identified and critically reviewed in terms of how they influenced the understanding of resilience. Those different perspectives have different ontologies, resulting tools and methods to study the concept and thus led to differences in how organizational resilience is understood. Researchers have borrowed ideas from those perspectives and combined them with other perspectives to provide new insights. However, this wealth of perspectives leads to resilience that as its current stage has the notion of an umbrella concept that loosely encompass a set of diverse organizational phenomena. Resilience literature that draws from those disciplines is reviewed in terms of key findings. Contributions of each discipline are highlighted and critical questions are raised for future research.
Sensor Based PUF IoT Authentication Model for a Smart Home with Private Blockchain
Venue: 2018 International Conference on Applied and Engineering Mathematics (ICAEM)
Year: 2018

With ubiquitous adoption of connected sensors, actuators and smart devices are finding inroads into daily life. Internet of Things (IoT) authentication is rapidly transforming from classical cryptographic user centric knowledge based approaches to device signature based automated methodologies to corroborate identity between claimant and a verifier. Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) based IoT authentication mechanisms are gaining widespread interest as users are required to access IoT devices in real time while also expecting execution of sensitive (even physical) IoT actions immediately. This paper, delineates combination of BlockChain and Sensor based PUF authentication mechanism for solving real time but non repudiable access to IoT devices in a Smart Home by utilizing a mining less consensus mechanism for the provision of immutable assurance to users' and IoT devices' transactions i.e. commands, status alerts, actions etc.