nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
THE FIRST FINDING OF CYLINDROSPERMOPSIS RACIBORSKII WOLOSZINSKA SEENAYYA
Year: 2011

Within the framework of a detailed survey of the algal community in the salt marshes of the vojvodina Province (northern Serbia) we found Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszinska) Seenayya et Subba Raju in water samples from Slatina Pond near Opovo. This is, de facto, the first finding of C. raciborskii in Serbia. It is of particular importance given that C. raciborskii produces cyanotoxins and that available data show that in Serbia this alga is expanding its range of distribution, notably in carp ponds. The present paper is concerned with both the general and specific characteristics of the alga and the specific characteristics of the habitat in which the alga was found.
Evaluation of Iranian Teacher Education Programs for EFL Student Teachers
Year: 2019

Despite the importance of Iranian teacher education programmes at Teacher Education universities for preparing EFL teachers in terms of effective teaching, no research has surveyed the role of these programmes in preparing effective teachers. This cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate Iranian Teacher Education universities programmes for EFL student teachers regarding five areas of teaching knowledge which conform to California Standards for the Teaching Profession (CSTP) that are stated in Commission on Teacher Credentialing (2009) This study employed a mixed method design in which 126 in service EFL teachers from six cities and 212 EFL student teachers from six Iranian Teacher Education universities participated in a survey; then interviews were conducted with 12 selected volunteers from participants. The student teachers' expectations of TEPs at the beginning, their evaluations of the programmes at the end, and in service teachers' evaluations after years of teaching in terms of their preparation for teaching were compared. The results of Mixed Between within (Repeated Measures) ANOVA as well as interview analyses and interpretations showed that there was a difference between the first year group's expectations and the last year group's evaluations. The difference was significant between female first and last year groups, female in service and last year groups as well as male in service and male first and last year groups. Both male and female in service teachers acknowledged the effectiveness of their four years of education at Teacher Education universities. Implications for providing more effective teacher education programmes are discussed.
A systematic method for estimating individual responses to treatment with antipsychotics in CATIE
Venue: Schizophrenia Research
Year: 2009

In addition to comparing drug treatment groups, the wealth of genetic and clinical data collected in the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness study offers tremendous opportunities to study individual differences in response to treatment with antipsychotics. A major challenge, however, is how to estimate the individual responses to treatments. For this purpose, we propose a systematic method that condenses all information collected during the trials in an optimal, empirical fashion.  Our method comprises three steps. First, we test how to best model treatment effects over time. Next, we screen many covariates to select those that will further improve the precision of the individual treatment effect estimates which, for example, improves power to detect predictors of individual treatment response. Third, Best Linear Unbiased Predictors (BLUPs) of the random effects are used to estimate for each individual a treatment effect based on the model empirically indicated to best fit the data. We illustrate our method for the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)  A model assuming it takes on average about 30 days for a treatment to exert an effect that will then remain about the same for the rest of the trial showed the best fit to the data. Of all screened covariates, only two improved the precision of the individual treatment effect estimates. Finally, correlations between drug effects and PANSS scales suggested that in CATIE it cannot be recommended to simply combine treatment effects across drugs (e.g. to study common drug mechanisms) but it is sensible to study how a given drug affects multiple symptom dimensions.  We demonstrate that treatment effects can be estimated in a way that condenses all information collected in an optimal, empirical fashion. We expect the proposed method to be valuable for other clinical outcomes in CATIE and potentially other clinical trials.
What healthcare leaders need to do to protect the psychological well being of frontline staff in the COVID 19 pandemic
Venue: BMJ Leader
Year: 2020

Delivery of high quality care is dependent on staff with the right skills, experience and motivation. National Health Service (NHS) staff are performing in extraordinary ways while being scrutinised by a watchful media that currently describes them as heroes and a presently enthusiastic public that regularly claps them. Nonetheless, it is inevitable that exposure to significant stressors will lead to some experiencing mental health problems. Like the rest of the population, staff are likely to be anxious about the future while contending the challenges of societal shut down, which makes it difficult to destress by having a drink with a friend, playing sport or being part of social gatherings. Some will no doubt worry about their exposure to COVID 19 that could directly endanger them and their families. News of unexplained higher mortality in BAME groups and inadequate hospital supply chains for personal protective equipment (PPE) may also cause disquiet. At work, staff wearing burdensome PPE will find that patients die despite their best efforts. Distress resulting from feeling that a life could have been saved if only you knew more, had better equipment, experience or training, or if there were not so many patients to deal with may result in 'moral injury' This describes the suffering that occurs when circumstances clash with one's moral or ethical  Our understanding of moral injury remains somewhat immature, but many people with moral injuries develop mental illnesses such as depression or post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).2 Leaders will know that protecting staff mental
Learner Centered English Language Teaching: Premises, Practices, and Prospects
Year: 2020

Although learner centered education is claimed to have several learning gains, research suggests that teachers' attitudes and practices play a crucial role in promoting its prolific outcomes. This study examines the adaptation of learner centered education and examines how it has been implemented in second language teaching by university teachers since launching an educational shift embodied in the learner centered reform a decade ago. In so doing, a questionnaire was distributed to a random sample of 128 instructors. The data collected were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistical analyses using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS 16.0 software. Meanwhile, interviews were analyzed qualitatively. The quantitative analysis of data provides a snapshot of instructors' attitudes towards Learnercentered education and the extent to which they implemented it in their courses. More importantly, the analysis of qualitative interview results outlines a "contextualized" framework that takes into account the conceptual nature of the global premises of Learner centered education by linking them to teachers' perceptions and practices in a particular context. The findings provide insights into the dynamism of meeting college students' second language learning needs. The study further addresses the problems of designing teacher training that aims at promoting higher education second language learning in the Middle East and North Africa context.
Development of calcium phosphate/calcium sulfate biphasic biomedical material with hyaluronic acid containing collagenase and simvastatin for vital pulp therapy.
Venue: Dental materials official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials
Year: 2020

In vital pulp therapy (VPT) a barrier is created with appropriate capping to protect the remaining pulp and thus maintain pulp vitality. Here, we evaluated the feasibility of a biphasic calcium phosphate cement (CPC) calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) biomaterial containing simvastatin (Sim) and collagenase (Col) for VPT.  Combinations of varying CPC and CSH concentrations were analyzed for their handling properties and setting times, with their structures observed through scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X ray spectrometry (SEM EDS) Drug release patterns of simvastatin and collagenase combined with CPC CSH (CPC CSH Sim Col) were also analyzed, followed by biocompatibility and bioactivity tests on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and in vivo animal study in canine models; the in vivo results were obtained through microcomputed tomography and histological analysis.  The results revealed that 70 wt% CPC (CPC7) with 30 wt% CSH (CSH3) exhibited optimal setting time and porous structure for clinical use. The cell viability and cytotoxicity analysis demonstrated that CPC7 CSH3 with or without simvastatin or collagenase did not injure hDPSCs. In vivo, the CPC7 CSH3 Sim Col induced dentin bridge formation.
Key Factors for Determining Student Satisfaction in Distance Learning Courses: A Study of Allama Iqbal Open University
Year: 2011

Most of the people in Pakistan perceive distance learning as of poor quality. Therefore, the researchers conducted this study to find out whether it's only people's perception or is there anything in reality, concerning the poor performance of the distance learning students compared to traditional students. Consistent with this rationale, the main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between student satisfaction and the following variables of the distance learning environment: Instructors' performance, course evaluation, and student instructor interaction. The sample consisted of 245 students of Allama Iqbal Open University of Pakistan. Keeping in view the nature of relationships among the variables, correlation matrix and regression analysis in addition to frequency analysis were used to analyze the findings. The results showed that just like in traditional education, in distance learning at AIOU, enough interaction takes place between students and instructors; courses are up to date and well designed; instructors are devoted, motivated, and equipped with the required competencies. Moreover, the faculty at AIOU is delivering distance courses that meet students' needs with regard to student instructor interaction, instructor performance, and course evaluation.
Construction of "three stage asynchronous" instructional mode of blended flipped classroom based on Mobile learning platform
Venue: Education and Information Technologies
Year: 2020

Based on the elaboration of online learning, blended teaching and differences between the flipped classroom teaching and blended teaching, this paper addresses the fundamental principles that should be observed in the design of blended flipped classroom, and constructs a "three stage asynchronous" teaching mode of online autonomous and collaborative learning before class, offline presentation and performance in class, and online consolidation and improvement after class. On this basis, a mixed research method of qualitative, quantitative and tracking observation to verify the effectiveness of this teaching mode is utilized. Findings showed that it contributes to improving academic performances of learners, developing their autonomy, strengthening their consciousness of collaborative inquiry, initiating their enthusiasm for learning, improving their classroom engagement, disciplining their attendance and enhancing their self efficacy.
The Research on the Development Problems and Countermeasures of Cross Border E Commerce in Liaoning Province
Year: 2019

The promulgation and implementation of the opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on the comprehensive revitalization of northeastern China and old industrial bases provided historic opportunities for the development of Liaoning province; the core of development is to realize the transformation and upgrading of economic structure and industrial structure. Then foreign trade, as the main driving force of economic development, will play an indispensable role in the transformation and upgrading, the development of crossborder e commerce will realize the transformation and upgrading of foreign trade development, and will inject new impetus into foreign trade and even the whole economic development. The main body of cross border e commerce in Liaoning province is the small and medium sized enterprises whose fate is closed related to the research of cross border ecommerce. The research also exerts an influence onthe upgrading of industrial structure. This paper mainly discusses some problems in the development of cross border e commerce in Liaoning province, such as weak brand awareness of enterprises, insufficient application of e commerce information technology, large gap in talent demand, logistics mode, etc. Through the creation of enterprise advantage brand, establishing a leading multi polar cross border e commerce industry chain, strengthening the application of information technology in crossborder e commerce, uniting universities, enterprises and the government to participate in the training of mixed talents, improving the efficiency of logistics and others, it is possible to build a comprehensive service platform suitable for the development of cross border e commerce in Liaoning province to improve the comprehensive level of cross border e commerce. The platform can become the important fulcrum that revitalizes the northeast, offers help for economic development of Liaoning
Planet Nine might be the sun's stolen exoplanet
Year: 2016

The proposed Planet Nine lurking at the edge of the solar system could have been stolen from a passing star. One team now suggests that it was captured from a nearby star. Although these probabilities seem low, people have to compare them to other scenarios] and not absolutely, says lexander Mustill from the Lund Observatory in Sweden. Because ultimately any very specific outcome is very unlikely. The probability that the existing evidence for Planet Nine is all due to random chance is just 0.007% at present. So the fact that the odds of it being an exoplanet are 15 to 300 times higher than that actually bodes well for the exoplanet scenario
Sustainable Human Resource Management Nurtures Change Oriented Employees: Relationship between High Commitment Work Systems and Employees' Taking Charge Behaviors
Venue: Sustainability
Year: 2019

In today's business world, the environment is changing rapidly. Employers need to rely upon their employees in order to produce long term competitive advantage and sustainable performance. However, little research has investigated whether sustainable human resource management could prompt change oriented behaviors in employees. By integrating the job demands resources (JD R) model and the proactive motivation model with the existing literature on sustainable human resource management, we explored the relationship between high commitment work systems (HCWS) and the employees' taking charge behaviors. Data from 352 employees of 96 organizations provided support for the positive effect of HCWS on the employees' taking charge behaviors. The results of this study showed that HCWS affect the employees' taking charge behaviors through their work engagement only when they felt a high level of impact. Based on these results, we not only provide several theoretical contributions to the literature on HCWS and taking charge, but also provide some practical suggestions for how to nurture change oriented employees using sustainable human resource management within the organizations.
Semantic Pooling for Complex Event Analysis in Untrimmed Videos
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Year: 2017

Pooling plays an important role in generating a discriminative video representation. In this paper, we propose a new semantic pooling approach for challenging event analysis tasks (e.g. event detection, recognition, and recounting) in long untrimmed Internet videos, especially when only a few shots/segments are relevant to the event of interest while many other shots are irrelevant or even misleading. The commonly adopted pooling strategies aggregate the shots indifferently in one way or another, resulting in a great loss of information. Instead, in this work we first define a novel notion of semantic saliency that assesses the relevance of each shot with the event of interest. We then prioritize the shots according to their saliency scores since shots that are semantically more salient are expected to contribute more to the final event analysis. Next, we propose a new isotonic regularizer that is able to exploit the constructed semantic ordering information. The resulting nearly isotonic support vector machine classifier exhibits higher discriminative power in event analysis tasks. Computationally, we develop an efficient implementation using the proximal gradient algorithm, and we prove new and closed form proximal steps. We conduct extensive experiments on three real world video datasets and achieve promising improvements.
Drivers, Success Factors and Difficulties of Internationalization Towards China and Japan for Dutch SMEs
Year: 2019

This research is conducted for analysing the main drivers, main success factors and main difficulties of internationalization towards China and Japan for Dutch SMEs. Furthermore, it analyses the differences between the Dutch culture and the Chinese and Japanese culture. This exploratory study tries to define internationalization, show the position of SMEs in the Netherlands and their international scope and to identify the influencing factors of internationalization. In order gather this information, a qualitative research will be conducted. The main drivers of Dutch SME companies are Pioneering and Fear of Missing Out. The main success factors for internationalization are Preliminary Research, Intercultural Competence, Government Collaboration, Local Partner and Trust. This research shows a visual representation of the large differences between the cultures by outlining the dimensions of Hofstede for each of the cultures. The Intercultural Competence factor is needed to cope with these large differences and know how to be respectful in foreign countries. The main difficulties of Internationalization are characteristics of the Dutch culture, namely: Underestimation and Arrogance shown by Dutch companies. A Dutch company should try to avoid acting in this way and be aware of the different culture in either China or Japan.
Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school aged children and youth
Venue: The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity
Year: 2011

Accumulating evidence suggests that, independent of physical activity levels, sedentary behaviours are associated with increased risk of cardio metabolic disease, all cause mortality, and a variety of physiological and psychological problems. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review is to determine the relationship between sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school aged children and youth aged 5 17 years. Online databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO) personal libraries and government documents were searched for relevant studies examining time spent engaging in sedentary behaviours and six specific health indicators (body composition, fitness, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease, self esteem, pro social behaviour and academic achievement) 232 studies including 983,840 participants met inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Television (TV) watching was the most common measure of sedentary behaviour and body composition was the most common outcome measure. Qualitative analysis of all studies revealed a dose response relation between increased sedentary behaviour and unfavourable health outcomes. Watching TV for more than 2 hours per day was associated with unfavourable body composition, decreased fitness, lowered scores for self esteem and pro social behaviour and decreased academic achievement. Meta analysis was completed for randomized controlled studies that aimed to reduce sedentary time and reported change in body mass index (BMI) as their primary outcome. In this regard, a meta analysis revealed an overall significant effect of 0.81 (95% CI of 1.44 to 0.17, p 0.01) indicating an overall decrease in mean BMI associated with the interventions. There is a large body of evidence from all study designs which suggests that decreasing any type of sedentary time is associated with lower health risk in youth aged 5 17 years. In particular, the evidence suggests that daily TV viewing in excess of 2 hours is associated with reduced physical and psychosocial health, and that lowering sedentary time leads to reductions in BMI.
An Open Source Software Metric Tool for Defect Prediction, Its Case Study and Lessons We Learned
Venue: SEDA
Year: 2018

The number of research papers on defect prediction has sharply increased for the last decade or so. One of the main driving forces behind it has been the publicly available datasets for defect prediction such as the PROMISE repository. These publicly available datasets make it possible for numerous researchers to conduct various experiments on defect prediction without having to collect data themselves. However, there are potential problems that have been ignored. First, there is a potential risk that the knowledge accumulated in the research community is, over time, likely to overfit to the datasets that are repeatedly used in numerous studies. Second, as software development practices commonly employed in the field evolve over time, these changes may potentially affect the relation between defect proneness and software metrics, which would not be reflected in the existing datasets. In fact, these potential risks can be addressed to a significant degree, if new datasets can be prepared easily. As a step toward that goal, we introduce an open source software metric tool, SMD (Software Metric tool for Defect prediction) that can generate code metrics and process metrics for a given Java software project in a Git repository. In our case study where we compare existing datasets with the datasets re generated from the same software projects using our tool, we found that the two datasets are not identical with each other, despite the fact that the metric values we obtained conform to the definitions of their corresponding metrics. We learned that there are subtle factors to consider when generating and using metrics for defect prediction.
Les brulures de deuxieme degre superficiel quel type de protocole pour la prise en charge a domicile
Venue: Revue Francophone de Cicatrisation
Year: 2019

Les brulures de deuxieme degre superficiel sont les plus frequentes. Malgre leur excellent pronostic amenant a une cicatrisation dans les dix a douze jours, elles peuvent etre compliquees a gerer en raison de l'importance de la douleur. Plusieurs protocoles peuvent etre proposes dans le cadre d'une prise en charge a domicile. Le premier impose un pansement quotidien permettant une surveillance reguliere. Le deuxieme consiste a espacer les pansements au maximum, ameliorant souvent la qualite de vie du patient et limitant l'hospitalisation. Les avantages et les inconvenients de chaque option sont discutes avec l'experience des auteurs et la revue de la litterature.