nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
First records of Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) from the Svalbard archipelago, Norway, with possible explanations for the extension of its distribution
Year: 2015

Atlantic mackerel Scomber scombrus were recorded in Isfjorden, Svalbard (78@15' N, 15@11' E) in late September 2013. This record is the northernmost known occurrence of mackerel in the Arctic and represents a possible northward expansion (of ca. 5@ latitude) of its distributional range. The examined specimens of mackerel were between 7 and 11 years old, with a mean size of 39 cm and a mean weight of 0.5 kg. Examination of stomach contents indicated that the mackerel were feeding mainly on juvenile herring Clupea harengus The occurrence of mackerel in the Arctic is discussed in relation to the recent increase in mackerel population size in the North Atlantic and the expansion of other North Atlantic fishes into the Svalbard region during the last decade. Using a decadal record of water temperature, we conclude that the occurrence of Atlantic mackerel in Svalbard waters is a result of a continued warming of the ocean in the region and that it follows a general trend of species' extending their distributional ranges northward into the Arctic.
Bacterial Biofilm and its Role in the Pathogenesis of Disease
Venue: Antibiotics
Year: 2020

Recognition of the fact that bacterial biofilm may play a role in the pathogenesis of disease has led to an increased focus on identifying diseases that may be biofilm related. Biofilm infections are typically chronic in nature, as biofilm residing bacteria can be resilient to both the immune system, antibiotics, and other treatments. This is a comprehensive review describing biofilm diseases in the auditory, the cardiovascular, the digestive, the integumentary, the reproductive, the respiratory, and the urinary system. In most cases reviewed, the biofilms were identified through various imaging technics, in addition to other study approaches. The current knowledge on how biofilm may contribute to the pathogenesis of disease indicates a number of different mechanisms. This spans from biofilm being a mere reservoir of pathogenic bacteria, to playing a more active role, e.g. by contributing to inflammation. Observations also indicate that biofilm does not exclusively occur extracellularly, but may also be formed inside living cells. Furthermore, the presence of biofilm may contribute to development of cancer. In conclusion, this review shows that biofilm is part of many, probably most chronic infections. This is important knowledge for development of effective treatment strategies for such infections.
Discovery of a pulsar wind nebula associated with IGR J18490 0000
Year: 2009

The IBIS/ISGRI camera on board the INTEGRAL observatory has performed a full survey of the Galactic disk in the hard X ray regime from 20 keV up to several hundred of keV with an unprecedented sensitivity and angular resolution in this energy range. Among a large number of compact binary systems, this survey has revealed a number of unidentified objects. Using X ray observations of one of these sources, IGR J18490 0000, we discovered a rather bright non thermal pointlike object surrounded by an extended diffuse nebula compatible with the Integral position. The morphology and spectral behaviour of both pointlike and extended X ray emissions are reminiscent of a young pulsar wind nebula of a few thousands years. The H.E.S.S. Array has observed the region and we present the TeV detection of the object. We compare this object to other PWNe visible in the hard X ray and TeV regime.
Two ApproAches To The posiTioning of TrAnslATions A compArATive sTudy of iTAmAr even ZohAr s polysysTem sTudies and Gideon Toury s descripTive TrAnslATion sTudies And Beyond
Year: 2010

This paper aims to analyze the work of two contemporary scholars of Translation theory, Itamar Even Zohar and Gideon Toury. Their studies arise out of Russian Formalism and their common location at the University of Tel Aviv. Even Zohar's Polysystem theory attempts to position texts and their translations within "literary polysystems." On the other hand, Gideon Toury extends Even Zohar's discussion by a more detailed consideration of the role of "norms" in the translation process. This article suggests that Toury's ideas have been more readily accepted by the academic community because of the way they fit other dimensions of contemporary thought. Although this paper does not consider the application of these theories, it suggests that these theories could be valuable in the study of Southeast Asian literature and the relationships between local literatures in different languages.
Underwater 6.4 m optical wireless communication with 8.8 Gbps encoded 450 nm GaN laser diode
Venue: 2016 International Semiconductor Laser Conference (ISLC)
Year: 2016

6.4 m underwater optical wireless communication based on a GaN blue laser diode under direct 8.8 Gbps QAM OFDM encoding is demonstrated with an average signal to noise ratio of 16 dB and a bit error rate of 3.8x10 3.
Sustainability performance of countries matters: A non parametric index
Venue: Journal of Cleaner Production
Year: 2019

Tracking consumers' expectation, researchers' concentration, practitioners' competition, and governments' legislation, we observe increasing interests in incorporating sustainability initiatives into managerial decision making. Sustainability development centers on how to achieve balance among economic, environmental, and social objectives of involved stakeholders in the process of value creation. This paper focuses on the macro level performance measurement of countries through a sustainability conscious lens. Our methodological objective is to develop a non parametric frontier model in the presence of undesirable integer valued indicators which constructs a nationwide sustainability composite index. Particularly, a super efficiency formulation is investigated which enables us to differentiate between equally efficient entities. From an empirical perspective, we apply the proposed model to a case study assessing the sustainability productivity of 133 countries. Our computational results demonstrate that conventional metrics commonly used globally to reflect the sustainability performance of governments may mislead decision makers. We, however, design a more comprehensive platform to benchmark the country level productivity against all triple aspect of sustainability development. Accordingly, the proposed index permits valid inference by accounting for environmental measures and social aspects.
Some Aspects Regarding a Tourism Development Strategy in Bihor Hajdu Bihar Euroregion
Year: 2008

Bihor Hajdu Bihar Euroregion is situated in the North West of Romania and East of Hungary, with a population of about 1.1 million inhabitants and 13,775 sq. km. From a geographic point of view, Bihor Hajdu Bihar Euroregion has two components: a plain area and a mountain area, each of one with specific attractions related to relief, hydrography, landscape, karst areas, protected areas etc. Apuseni Mountains National Park (in Bihor) and Hortobagy National Park (in Hajdu Bihar) are the main attractions. In addition, the Euroregion has, through the urban rural diversity, cultural, folkloric and ethnographic resources, very interesting because of the cultural and historical complexity of the region. A lot of tourism forms can be promoted (balnear, rural, cultural, sports, business travels etc. and tourist packages can be created. There is absolutely necessary to create a brand of the Euroregion, a marketing strategy based on the complementary aspects of the two areas and creating synergies in the benefice of them. The SWOT analysis will enable us to draw the main directions in order to develop a strategy for tourism development in this region situated at the border between East and West.
Language independent gender identification through keystroke analysis
Venue: Inf. Comput. Secur.
Year: 2015

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of identifying the gender of an author by measuring the keystroke duration when typing a message.  Three classifiers were constructed and tested. The authors empirically evaluated the effectiveness of the classifiers by using empirical data. The authors used primary data as well as a publicly available dataset containing keystrokes from a different language to validate the language independence assumption.  The results of this paper indicate that it is possible to identify the gender of an author by analyzing keystroke durations with a probability of success in the region of 70 per cent.  The proposed approach was validated with a limited number of participants and languages, yet the statistical tests show the significance of the results. However, this approach will be further tested with other languages.  Having the ability to identify the.
Effect of different levels of fertilizers and organic matter on soil Physico chemical properties, growth and yield of baby corn (Zea mays L. G 5414 Variety
Year: 2020

Organic and inorganic nutrients are important for crop productivity and soil health. Present study investigated the Effect of different levels of fertilizers and organic matter on soil physico chemical properties, Growth and yield of Baby Corn (zea mays L) G 5414 Variety. Field experiment was conducted at Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Naini Agricultural Institute, Prayagraj 211007, during kharif 2019 on loamy sand soil. The experiment consisted of 9 treatment viz. T0 Control (No Treatment) T1 NPK 100% Organics 0% T2 NPK0% vermicompost 100% 10 t ha 1, T3 NPK 0% Poultry manure 100% 10 t ha 1,T4 NPK 75% Vermicompost 25% 82:39:20kg ha1+2.5 t ha 1, T5 NPK 75% Poultry manure 25% 82:39:20 kg ha 1 +2.5:1tha 1, T6 NPK 50% Vermicompost 50% 55:26:13 kg ha 1+5t ha 1 and T7 NPK50% Poultry manure 50%55:36:13 kg ha 1 5t ha1T8 NPK 50% Organics 25% 55:26:13 kg ha 1+2.5:1t ha 1. Conclusively, integration of inorganic fertilizers with organic manures can be used with optimum rates to improve crop productivity on sustainable basis. The results showed that progressive increase in level of N P K and organic fertilizer used from different sources in the experiment, the treatment combination(NPK 50% Organics 25% significantly increased the physical and chemical analysis parameters i.e. (Bulk density (Mg m 3) Particle density (Mg m 3) Pore space of solid space, Specific gravity, Water retaining capacity Soil pH (1:2) EC (dSm 1) Organic carbon Available Nitrogen (Kg ha 1) Available Phosphorus (Kg ha 1) and Available Potassium (Kg ha 1)of soil.
SUN RGB D: A RGB D scene understanding benchmark suite
Venue: 2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
Year: 2015

Although RGB D sensors have enabled major break throughs for several vision tasks, such as 3D reconstruction, we have not attained the same level of success in high level scene understanding. Perhaps one of the main reasons is the lack of a large scale benchmark with 3D annotations and 3D evaluation metrics. In this paper, we introduce an RGB D benchmark suite for the goal of advancing the state of the arts in all major scene understanding tasks. Our dataset is captured by four different sensors and contains 10,335 RGB D images, at a similar scale as PASCAL VOC. The whole dataset is densely annotated and includes 146,617 2D polygons and 64,595 3D bounding boxes with accurate object orientations, as well as a 3D room layout and scene category for each image. This dataset enables us to train data hungry algorithms for scene understanding tasks, evaluate them using meaningful 3D metrics, avoid overfitting to a small testing set, and study cross sensor bias.
Analysis on Influencing Factors of Transfer of Rural Labor Employment Based on Logistic Model in Xinjiang
Year: 2013

In order to promote the development of rural economic in Xinjiang,based on actual survey data of Xinjiang,Logistic model were used to analyze the influencing factors of the transfer of rural labor employment in Xinjiang.The results showed that the age,education,bilingual education,annual household income,pension insurance,training and work pathways had a significant impact on the transfer of employment.Developing rural education,especially the popularity of bilingual education,strengthening training efforts of the rural labor force,improving the social security system in rural areas,and speeding up the pace of construction of small towns,developing labor intensive industries and cultivating new economic growth point of the rural labor force were proposed,based on analysis of the results.
Design 3 Phase Core Type of Transformer and Modification of Symmetrical Star Shaped Core
Year: 2017

Determining the energy transforming from one source to another through a basic device is being used. Such a phenomenon device is used for transformation is defined as transformer. The basic conventional transformer core is being designed. In this research paper, we make a modification in the core of the transformer in the "Symmetrical star core" Comparing properties of the conventional, delta and star shaped cores of the transformer and its advantages, limitations and discuss the future aspects Keywords 3Phase transformer, star shape core, wound transformer, design and implementation
A 3D Tiled Low Power Accelerator for Convolutional Neural Network
Venue: 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)
Year: 2018

It remains a challenge to run Deep Learning in devices with stringent power budget in the Internet of Things. This paper presents a low power accelerator for processing Convolutional Neural Networks on the embedded devices. The power reduction is realized by exploring data reuse in three different aspects, with regards to convolution, filter and input features. A systolic like data flow is proposed and applied to rows of Processing Elements (PEs) which facilitate reusing the data during convolution. Reuse of input features and filters is achieved by arranging the PE array in a 3D tiled architecture, whose dimension is 3 x 14 x 4. Local storage within PEs is therefore reduced and only cost 17.75 kB, which is 20% of the state of the art. With dedicated delay chains in each PE, this accelerator is reconfigurable to suit various parameter settings of convolutional layers. Evaluated in UMC 65 nm low leakage process, the accelerator can reach a peak performance of 84 GOPS and consume only 136 mW at 250 Mhz.
A Software Process Certification Model of Small sized Software Development Using Scrum
Year: 2011

It is difficult to apply a Software Process Certification to small scale project, because of much activities and documents for manage project and guarantee the qualities in small manpower. This paper presents optimized Software Process Certification Model for small scale software development, a combine Scrum with essential elements of NIPA`s(National IT industry Promotion Agency) SP Certification model. The proposed model defined minimum Activities and Documents for SP Certification. The model that I showed consists of 16 Processes and 58 Activities, and 39 Artifacts are created. As a result of having compared proposed model with a Standard Process of Small Business, I confirmed that a small scale project`s burden reduced because Activity decreased 38% and Document decreased 20% In order to verify the validity of the proposed model, applied it in two small scale projects, and compare with the project by Scrum process only, it finished that systematic management was possible without additional manpower, and reached SP Certification level 2.
Design of Cascade Control Framework for ROV Control and Simulation
Venue: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA)
Year: 2020

In this paper, a cascade control framework is proposed a class of remote operated vehicles (ROVs) to enhance the control performance and capacity of interference resistance. Specifically, the control framework is composed of a fuzzy based controller in primary loop and a PID neural network based controller in secondary loop. In the primary loop, fuzzy controller is implemented to avoid precise establishment of ROV model for calculating the expected velocity of the vehicle. Furthermore, in the secondary loop, a PID neural network with adaptation is adopted to accomplish the capacity of resisting disturbance. Eventually, the control framework is verified by theoretical and simulation analyses. The obtained results indicate that the proposed cascade control framework endows the ROV with the ability to guarantee the control performance and attenuate external disturbance effectively.
THE BURDENS OF SUBJECTHOOD: THE OTTOMAN STATE, RUSSIAN FUGITIVES, AND INTERIMPERIAL LAW, 1774 1869
Venue: International Journal of Middle East Studies
Year: 2014

This article analyzes the changing treaty law and practice governing the Ottoman state's attitude toward the subjects of its most important neighbor and most inveterate rival: the Russian Empire. The two empires were linked by both migration and unfreedom; alongside Russian slaves forcibly brought to the sultans' domains, many others came as fugitives from serfdom and conscription. But beginning in the late 18th century, the Ottoman Empire reinforced Russian serfdom and conscription by agreeing to return fugitives, even as the same treaties undermined Ottoman forced labor by mandating the return of Russian slaves. Drawing extensively on Ottoman archival sources, this article argues that the resulting interimperial regulations on unfreedom and movement hardened the empires' human and geographic boundaries, so that for many Russian subjects, foreign subjecthood under treaty law was not a privilege, but a liability.
Wine tourism quality perception and customer satisfaction reliability: the Italian Prosecco District
Year: 2016

Recently, we witnessed a growing interest in those tourist experiences that focus on the enhancement and promotion of typical local cultures, in particular related to winemaking traditions. In Italy this evidence is also demonstrated by the emergence of events and tours linked to the promotion of Italian wine. It is therefore necessary to pay particular attention to the degree of satisfaction expressed by visitors with regard to the services currently offered within the framework of their wine tourism experience. The present research applies a study on customer satisfaction in the area of the Prosecco district, in the Veneto Region in Italy. The aim of the paper is to understand, by the use of a mixture model denoted as the Covariate Uniform Binomial Model, whether and to what extent the high degree of quality perceived by respondents depends on factors related to personal experience rather than on the circumstances in which the interviews were conducted. Results show that socio demographic variables have a great impact on wine tourism behaviour. As a consequence, the possibility of creating segments of consumers based on socio demographic characteristics and consumer behaviour shows the need to consider different marketing policies to satisfy the different needs of tourists that emerged.
Local government and intergovernmental relations in Nigeria fourth republic (1999 to date)
Year: 2015

This paper examines Local Government and Intergovernmental Relations in Nigeria Fourth Republic (1999 to date) The study adopts secondary source of data collection. The paper argues that Local Government is not mutually exclusive of other levels of government. Thus, there is bound to be an interaction between local government and other levels of government. The study reveals that intergovernmental relations among the levels of government in the fourth republic has been in disarray due to the conflicts arisen over issues of tax jurisdiction, revenue allocation, intergovernmental relations fund transfers, overconcentration of power at the center, illegal removal of local government officials etc. The paper recommends that for cordial relationships to take place between the local government and other levels of government, the constitutional status of local government must be clearly spelt out, the issue of joint state local government account should be discarded, election rather than appointment should be the means of choosing leaders at the local level, judiciary should be made to be independent and the undue interference on the local government by the state or federal should be properly addressed and there should be direct disbursement of federation allocation to all the levels of government.  Inter governmental Relation, Local Government, Federal, State, Revenue Allocation, Nigeria
"Gli alunni a scuola sono sempre piu difficili?" Esiti di una ricerca sulla complessita di gestione della classe nella percezione degli insegnanti
Year: 2013

Nowadays many teachers believe that the role of teaching and educating youth has become more difficult than in the past. There is a widespread belief that pupils are "badly behaved" and they are unable to deal with the educational experience, the cognitive rhythms and the respect of social norms: indeed the teacher has a great responsibility and s/he plays an important role in the scholastic success. The present research starts from these considerations and its aim is understanding, through the identification of specific indicators, the challenges perceived in the daily classroom management by teachers belonging to different schools levels (from kindergarten to secondary schools) The research was carried out from September 2012 to May 2013 and the methodology used in this study allowed the researches to reach a statistically significant sample of teachers (750) from different Italian schools, in order to allow an easy and direct participation. The data analysis and results have clearly pointed out the increasing complexity of the teacher's role and the relational dynamics involved in the process of teaching learning.
Conclusion: Implementing Language Learning in a Mobile Oriented Society
Year: 2017

This concluding chapter summarizes the main points of the previous five chapters, with conclusions and further recommendations for other institutions. It reiterates the methodology introduced in Chap. 1 to define mobile language learning, then briefly summarizes its history in Japan. Some recurring issues led to conclusions such as that small screen sizes could be tolerated because of Japan's long tenure as a mobile oriented society. The sociocultural approach in Chap. 2 represented a global consensus among humanistic educators that inspired the pedagogy behind the case studies in Chaps. 3, 4 and 5. Mobile learning was found to bring out aspects of sociocultural theory through factors such as user autonomy. Its effectiveness for EFL should encourage readers to implement m learning in their own contexts.
Automated Generation of REST API Specification from Plain HTML Documentation
Venue: ICSOC
Year: 2017

REST is nowadays highly popular and widely adopted by Web services providers. However, most of the Web services providers only provide the documentation of their REST API in plain HTML pages, even if many specification formats exist such as WADL or OpenAPI for example. This prevents the Web Services users to benefit from all the advantages of having a machine readable specification, such as generating client or server code, generating web services composition, checking formal properties, testing, etc. To face this issue, we provide a fully automated approach that builds a REST API specification from its corresponding plain HTML documentation. By given the root URL of the plain HTML API documentation, our approach automatically extracts the four mandatory parts that compose a specification: the base URL, the path templates, the HTTP verbs and the associated formal parameters. Our approach has been validated with topmost commercial REST based Web Services, and the validation shows that our approach achieves good precision and recall for popular Web Services.