nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The effects of mepolizumab on peripheral circulation and neurological symptoms in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) patients.
Venue: Allergology international official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology
Year: 2020

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a necrotizing small vessel vasculitis. Extensive infiltration of eosinophils causes multisystem clinical  Neurological symptoms contribute greatly to morbidity.2 It is known that treatment with prednisolone alone is associated with a 40% relapse rate during  Mepolizumab, an IL 5 antagonist monoclonal antibody, can be used in prednisolone resistant cases4 to reduce the dose of prednisolone and to prevent recurrence. However, its use in relieving neurological symptoms is unknown. LaserDoppler flowmetry, used as an indicator of microscopic peripheral circulation, has been shown to be a simple and reproducible modality to diagnose peripheral artery diseases.5 We administered mepolizumab to patients with recurrent EGPA, recorded their symptoms and laboratory data, and assessed the ability of laserDoppler flowmetry to quantify their peripheral circulation and neurological pathology by measuring skin perfusion pressure (SPP) This was a retrospective observational study. Six patients (five female and one male) diagnosed with recurrent EGPA at Nihon University Itabashi Hospital from 2016 to 2019 using criteria from the American College of Rheumatology (ACR),6 were studied. The mean age (mean SD) of onset of EGPA was 57.1 17.2 y. white blood cell (WBC) count was 14.85 3.57 109/L, with 7.97.5 2.05 109/L, peripheral eosinophils. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) was 1974.3 1014.9 IU/mL, C reactive protein (CRP) was 4.12 3.2 mg/dL and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was 54.8 11.2 mm/h. Myeloperoxidase anti neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO ANCA) positivity was found in 2/6 cases (192.9 128.2 IU/mL) The Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS) was 14.3 1.5. The patients' global scale (GS) of neurological symptoms (maximum 1/4 100% was 69.1 28.7% Skin biopsy or peripheral nerve biopsy specimens from 5 subjects had shown leukocytoclastic vasculitis and/or necrotizing vasculitis with eosinophilic infiltration (Table 1) Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurements, SPP, and nerve conduction studies had not been measured before or after 24 weeks of prednisolone treatment. This research was approved by the Nihon University School of Medicine ethics committee (No. RK 190312 18) The Wilcoxon signed rank test was employed to detect statistically significant
Reconstructor: a computer program that uses three valued logics to represent lack of information in empirical scientific contexts
Venue: J. Appl. Non Class. Logics
Year: 2020

In this article, I develop three conceptual innovations within the area of formal metatheory, and present a computer program, called Reconstructor, that implements those developments. The first development consists in a methodology for testing formal reconstructions of scientific theories, which involves checking both whether translations of paradigmatically successful applications into models satisfy the formalisation of the laws, and also whether unsuccessful applications do not. I show how Reconstructor can help carry this out, since it allows the end user to specify a formal language, input axioms and models formulated in that language, and then ask if the models satisfy the axioms. The second innovation is the introduction of incomplete models (for which the denotation of some terms is missing) into scientific metatheory, in order to represent cases of missing information. I specify the paracomplete semantics built into Reconstructor to deal with sentences where denotation failures occur. The third development consists in a new way of explicating the structuralist notion of a determination method, by equating them with algorithms. This allows determination methods to be loaded into Reconstructor and then executed within a model to find out the value of a previously non denoting term (i.e. it allows the formal reconstruction to make predictions) This, in turn, can help test the reconstruction in a different way. Finally, I conclude with some suggestions about additional uses the program may have.
A Survey on Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks
Year: 2010

Wireless sensor networks are different from traditional wireless networks,so traditional routing protocols can not be applied efficiently to them. This paper makes a survey of the recent works about routing protocols for Wireless sensor networks. it describes the principles and compares the similarities and differences of some main routing protocols that are proposed in the literature,At the end of this paper,research directions and open problems in the area are also discussed.
Connected Speech in Listening and Speaking
Year: 2017

This paper delves into some interesting aspects of connected speech created in casual speech, centering around such features as linking, reduction, foot, and rhythm, all of which are taken to arise from stress in English. I conducted a survey among two groups of college students 15 first year and 15 second year English majors to examine how such features are implemented in their aural perception and oral production. The findings of the survey are as follows. First, the two groups of subjects are shown to commit more errors in function words in terms of aural perception. Second, the group of 15 second year students are shown to perform better in oral production in terms of stress timed rhythm by putting less prominence on function words, as indicated in mean power measured by Praat, a software program for the analysis of speech. I argue that their performance is facilitated by explicit teaching and learning of the features in question.
Epigenetics: intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) modifies the histone code along the rat hepatic IGF 1 gene
Venue: FASEB journal official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Year: 2009

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) decreases serum insulin growth factor 1 (IGF 1) levels. IGF 1 is an epigenetically regulated gene that has two promoters, alternative exon 5 splicing, and multiple termination sites. The regulation of gene expression involves the whole gene, as evidenced by the aforementioned IGF 1 paradigm. We hypothesized that IUGR in the rat would affect hepatic IGF 1 expression and alter the epigenetic characteristics of the IGF 1 gene along its length. IUGR was induced through a bilateral uterine artery ligation of the pregnant rat, a well characterized model of IUGR. Pups from anesthesia and shamoperated dams were used as controls. Real time RT PCR and ELISA was used to measure expression at day of life (DOL) 0 and 21. Bisulfite sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) quantified IGF 1 epigenetic characteristics. A nontranscribed intergenic control was used for ChIP studies. IUGR decreased hepatic and serum IGF 1. Concurrently, IUGR modified epigenetic characteristics, particularly the histone code, along the length of the hepatic IGF 1 gene. Many changes persisted postnatally, and the postnatal effect of IUGR on the histone code was gender specific. We conclude that IUGR modifies epigenetic characteristics of the rat hepatic IGF 1 gene along the length of the whole gene. Fu, Q.,Yu, X. Callaway, C. W. Lane, R. H. McKnight, R. A. Epigenetics: intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) modifies the histone code along the rat hepatic IGF 1 gene.  2438 2449 (2009)
Pathophysiology and Acute Management of Tachyarrhythmias in Pheochromocytoma: JACC Review Topic of the Week.
Venue: Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Year: 2020

Pheochromocytomas, arising from chromaffin cells, produce catecholamines, epinephrine and norepinephrine. The tumor biochemical phenotype is defined by which of these exerts the greatest influence on the cardiovascular system when released into circulation in high amounts. Action on the heart and vasculature can cause potentially lethal arrhythmias, often in the setting of comorbid blood pressure derangements. In a review of electrocardiograms obtained on pheochromocytoma patients (n 650) treated at our institution over the last decade, severe and refractory sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular tachycardia were found to be the most common or life threatening catecholamine induced tachyarrhythmias. These arrhythmias, arising from catecholamine excess rather than from a primary electrophysiologic substrate, require special considerations for treatment and complication avoidance. Understanding the synthesis and release of catecholamines, the adrenoceptors catecholamines bind to, and the cardiac and vascular response to epinephrine and norepinephrine underlies optimal management in catecholamine induced tachyarrhythmias.
The role of the motor system in action understanding and communication: Evidence from human infants and non human primates
Venue: Developmental psychobiology
Year: 2019

There is growing evidence that activation of the motor system during observation of actions, a phenomenon first observed in non human primates, underlies action understanding and even communication. This review (a) examines the evidence on motor system activity as an underlying neural correlate of action understanding; (b) reviews the theoretical and empirical work linking action understanding and the development of communication, with a specific focus on the role that gestures play as an intermediary; and (c) discusses the research on and existing opportunities for understanding the link between the motor system and communication in both humans and non human primates, through the lens of action perception. Bringing together findings and perspectives from developmental social cognition in both humans and non human primates and applying recent neuroscientific perspectives will help to elucidate the processes underlying the ability to understand and communicate with others.
CAREGIVER IDENTIFIED PHASES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE CAREGIVING
Venue: Alzheimer's Dementia
Year: 2019

was to support that initiative by better understanding social support systems in this region from the perspectives of family members providing in home dementia care. This study was funded by a grant from Designing Daughters of Sarasota Manatee Counties, a local volunteer, non profit, philanthropic organization.  Following IRB approval, caregivers of dementia patients residing in this two county area were recruited via convenience sampling to participate in one of two focus groups, held in August and October of 2018. Participants were recruited from local memory clinics and dementia support groups. Focus groups were facilitated by the researcher and data were collected using a semi structured interview guide. Each session was audio recorded. Recordings were transcribed into text that was then analyzed using thematic analysis techniques.  A total of 21 caregivers participated with ages ranging from 46 to 80; all had at least some college education. Diagnoses of loved ones included Alzheimer's Disease, Vascular Dementia and Lewy Body Disease. Data reflected the caregiving experience as an individualized process, and themes that emerged were (1) Getting a diagnosis (2) The need for ongoing education (3) The need for a better educated medical community about dementia and (4) The value of support groups.  Although small, results from this study aligned with some major findings from other local Florida focus groups. More similar studies are needed which reflect more diverse populations to guide targeted community education and support strategies, but also to serve as the foundation for expanded caregiver research at multiple levels.
Wei Sheng Su K1Lian He Shu Zhu Xie Jiang Qiang Jiu Xiao Er Xiu Shu Ling Zhong Du Yi Li
Year: 2012

Huan Er ,Nu ,13Sui ,Yi "Yao Tong Fu Tong 4d"Ru Yuan .Huan Er Yu 1Zhou Qian Wu Fu Shu Yao (Ju Ti Yao Ming Ji Cheng Fen Bu Xiang ,Huan Er Wei Gao Zhi Jia Shu ,Gu Wei Zuo Te Shu Chu Li ,Hou Yu 4dQian Huan Er Chu Xian Yao Tong Ji Fu Tong ,Yi Qi Zhou Ming Xian ,Fu Tong Wei Chi Xu Xing ,Neng Ren Shou ,3dQian Bing Qing Jia Zhong ,Chu Xian Shen Cha Se Niao ,Wei Yu Ren He Zhi Liao ,Jin Lai Wo Yuan Men Zhen Cha Niao Chang Gui :Niao Tong Ti ,Niao Bi Zhong 1.015,Niao Qian Xie ,Niao Dan Bai ,Niao Dan Yuan .Wei Xi Tong Zhen Zhi Yu 2010Nian 11Yue 16Ri Wan Ru Yuan .Bing Cheng Zhong Huan Er Ceng Ou Tu 2Ci ,Ou Tu Wu Wei Wei Nei Rong Wu ,Fei Pen She Zhuang .Ji Wang Jian Kang
Thinking Skills: Critical Thinking and Problem Solving
Year: 2016

Unit 1. Thinking and Reasoning: 1. Thinking as a skill 2. An introduction to critical thinking 3. Solutions not problems Unit 2. Critical Thinking: the Basics: 1. Claims, assertions, statements 2. Judging claims 3. Argument 4. Identifying arguments 5. Analysing arguments 6. Complex arguments 7.  .  Flaws and fallacies Unit 3.  1. What do we mean by a 'problem' 2. How do we solve problems? 3. Selecting and using information 4. Processing data 5. Finding methods of solution 6. Solving problems by searching 7. Recognising patterns 8. Hypotheses, reasons, explanations and inference 9. Spatial reasoning 10. Necessity and sufficiency 11. Choosing and using models 12. Making choices and decisions Unit 4. Applied Critical Thinking: 1. Inference 2. Explanation 3. Evidence 4. Credibility 5. Two case studies 6. Critical thinking and science 7. Introducing longer arguments 8. Applying analysis skills 9. Critical evaluation 10. Responding with further argument 11. A live text Unit 5.  Combining skills using imagination 2. Developing models 3. Carrying out investigations 4. Data analysis and inference Unit 6.  Using other mathematical methods 2. Graphical methods of solution 3. Probability, tree diagrams and decision trees 4. Have you solved it? Unit 7. Critical Reasoning: Advanced Level: 1. Conditions and conditionals 2. Soundness and validity: a taste of logic 3. Non deductive reasoning 4. Reasoning with statistics 5. Decision making 6. Principles 7. An argument under the microscope 8. Critical writing End of chapter assignments: answers and comments Appendix Index Acknowledgements.
Removing Insertion Impedance Effects From Transformer Admittance Measurements
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery
Year: 2012

Frequency domain measurements can be used for obtaining a wideband model of a power transformer via its terminal admittance matrix. This paper shows that the current sensor used in the measurements can significantly affect the elements of the obtained admittance matrix by its insertion impedance. The insertion impedance influences diagonal and off diagonal elements, often leading to asymmetries in the matrix for transformers having a high voltage ratio. Formulae are developed which are capable of removing these effects. The procedure is demonstrated for a distribution transformer.
Programming of Industrial Robots Using Virtual Reality and Digital Twins
Year: 2020

The article presents a method of programming robots using virtual reality and digital twins. The virtual environment is a digital twin of a robotic station, built based on CAD models of existing station elements. The virtual reality system is used to record human movements in a virtual environment, which are then reproduced by a real robot. The method developed is dedicated mainly to such situations in which it is necessary for the robot to reproduce the movements of a human performing a process that is complicated from the point of view of robotization. An example of using the method for programming a robot implementing the process of cleaning ceramic casting moulds is presented.
Automatic 3D object reconstruction from a single image
Venue: ACM Southeast Regional Conference
Year: 2014

In this paper, we describe a fully automatic, unsupervised system for recognizing and reconstructing various classes of 3D objects in single object, light background 2D images, using a three layer back propagation neural network for object classification. Our system takes a single 2D image as input and provides a correctly textured 3D VRML, X3D, or WebGL file for two classes of objects: boxes and spheres. Our approach applies edge detection to the 2D input image, finds the center of gravity of the foreground object, and gathers a set of perimeter distances around the center of gravity. These values are passed to a trained back propagation neural network with 36 input nodes, 100 intermediate nodes, and four output nodes corresponding to four classes of objects: rectangular prisms (boxes) spheres, cylinders, and organic/other. The approach then deconstructs the object in 2D, reconstructs it in 3D and outputs a textured model in VRML, X3D or WebGL.
STANDARTLASTIRILMIS YAGIS INDEKSI (SYI) YONTEMI ILE KURAKLIK ANALIZI VE KAKLIK (HONAZ DENIZLI) OVASINDAKI YERALTISUYU DEGISIMI
Venue: Muhendislik Bilimleri ve Tasarim Dergisi
Year: 2019

Kaklik (Honaz) Ovasi, Ege Bolgesi'nde Denizli ilinin dogusunda bulunmaktadir. Kaklik Ovasi, Bati Anadolu'nun en buyuk nehri olan Buyuk Menderes Nehir havzasinin alt havzasi konumundaki Yukari Curuksu havzasinda bulunan Honaz alt havzasi icerisinde yer alir. Calisma alaninin temelini otokton konumlu Ust Jura yasli Babadag kirectasi olusturmaktadir. Bolgede Bodrum Napi'na ait Mesozoyik yasli dolomit, dolomitik kirectasi, kristalize kirectasi ve mermerlerden olusan Ortadag formasyonu allokton birimdir. Kuvaterner yasli birimler ile kumtasi, kiltasi, silttasi, kirectasi, konglomera ve marndan olusan Senozoyik yasli birimler calisma alaninin ortu kayalaridir. Calisma alaninda aluvyon, konglomera, traverten ve kirectasi birimlerinden yeraltisuyu alinmaktadir. Bu calismada Kaklik ovasinda Standartlastirilmis Yagis Indeksi (SYI) yontemi ile 1975 2018 yillari arasinda 44 yillik kuraklik analizi yapilmistir. 12 aylik SYI degerlerine gore; 44 yil suresince toplam 13 ay "cok kurak" kategorisinde gozlenmistir. 2003 2015 yillari arasinda sondaj kuyularinda olculen statik seviye degerlerine gore ovadaki yeraltisuyu miktari 1 3 m arasinda degismektedir.
Impact of infant crying on mothers with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder: A qualitative study.
Venue: Infant mental health journal
Year: 2019

Mothers with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and their infants often have compromised relationships. To further understand the complexities, this study explored (a) the experiences of mothers with BPD in response to infant crying and (b) how these parenting responses impact on mothers' interpersonal functioning with significant others. Six mothers with clinical BPD were recruited from a mother baby psychiatric unit and interviewed using an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach. Transcripts of the semistructured interviews were coded for themes and subthemes. Dominant themes revealed that mothers with BPD entered motherhood in a psychologically fragile state, hypersensitive to experiencing intense physiological emotional pain and cognitive chaos in response to infant crying. Automatic maladaptive flight fright responses including suicide attempts were common. A novel theme revealed some mothers' split identity, and only the "mother" part could attend to infant crying. Finally, the data provided an understanding of the detrimental domino effect on close family. Mothers also highlighted gaps in accessibility of current mental health services and parenting programs, and their desire to prevent the intergenerational transmission of attachment problems and BPD symptoms to offspring. Clinical implications include antenatal BPD screening, psychoeducation about infant crying, and greater access for programs supporting the whole family to improve outcomes.
Estimation of economic costs of malaria among rural farm households in Niger State, Nigeria
Year: 2010

Malaria fever is increasingly a debilitating and killer disease, which fleets labour availability and human capital development in many developing nations .including Nigeria. This study therefore attempted to estimate the economic cost of malaria among rural farming households in Niger State, Nigeria; with special emphasis on the determination of malaria related factors affecting the farm output and identification or coping strategies among rural farming households in the study area. A total number of one hundred and twenty eight households were interviewed through a multi stage sampling procedure using crop farmers lists obtained at the Niger State Agricultural Development. Programme as sampling collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, arithmetic indices, gross margin analysis, Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression analysis and t test.
Hybrid models for lung nodule malignancy prediction utilizing convolutional neural network ensembles and clinical data
Venue: Journal of medical imaging
Year: 2020

Due to the high incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer worldwide, early detection of a precancerous lesion is essential. Low dose computed tomography is a commonly used technique for screening, diagnosis, and prognosis of non small cell lung cancer. Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNN) had shown great potential in lung nodule classification. Clinical information (family history, gender, and smoking history) together with nodule size provide information about lung cancer risk. Large nodules have greater risk than small nodules.  A subset of cases from the National Lung Screening Trial was chosen as a dataset in our study. We divided the nodules into large and small nodules based on different clinical guideline thresholds and then analyzed the groups individually. Similarly, we also analyzed clinical features by dividing them into groups. CNNs were designed and trained over each of these groups individually. To our knowledge, this is the first study to incorporate nodule size and clinical features for classification using CNN. We further made a hybrid model using an ensemble with the CNN models of clinical and size information to enhance malignancy prediction.  From our study, we obtained 0.9 AUC and 83.12% accuracy, which was a significant improvement over our previous best results.  In conclusion, we found that dividing the nodules by size and clinical information for building predictive models resulted in improved malignancy predictions. Our analysis also showed that appropriately integrating clinical information and size groups could further improve risk prediction.
A critical review of the risks to water resources from unconventional shale gas development and hydraulic fracturing in the United States.
Venue: Environmental science technology
Year: 2014

The rapid rise of shale gas development through horizontal drilling and high volume hydraulic fracturing has expanded the extraction of hydrocarbon resources in the U.S. The rise of shale gas development has triggered an intense public debate regarding the potential environmental and human health effects from hydraulic fracturing. This paper provides a critical review of the potential risks that shale gas operations pose to water resources, with an emphasis on case studies mostly from the U.S. Four potential risks for water resources are identified: (1) the contamination of shallow aquifers with fugitive hydrocarbon gases (i.e. stray gas contamination) which can also potentially lead to the salinization of shallow groundwater through leaking natural gas wells and subsurface flow; (2) the contamination of surface water and shallow groundwater from spills, leaks, and/or the disposal of inadequately treated shale gas wastewater; (3) the accumulation of toxic and radioactive elements in soil or stream sediments near disposal or spill sites; and (4) the overextraction of water resources for high volume hydraulic fracturing that could induce water shortages or conflicts with other water users, particularly in water scarce areas. Analysis of published data (through January 2014) reveals evidence for stray gas contamination, surface water impacts in areas of intensive shale gas development, and the accumulation of radium isotopes in some disposal and spill sites. The direct contamination of shallow groundwater from hydraulic fracturing fluids and deep formation waters by hydraulic fracturing itself, however, remains controversial.