nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Gender relations, comic books and children's cultures: Between stereotypes and reinventions
Year: 2018

The article discusses the production of children's cultures based on the experiences of 3 5 year old children with the language of comic books, focusing on gender relations. It is part of a doctoral research project conducted at FE UNICAMP and investigates a case study in a municipal pre school in the Greater ABC region in Sao Paulo, Brazil. It assumes that comic books viewed as media production interfere with children's ways of life, often reinforcing stereotypes found in sex differences. Combining philosophy, sociology and childhood education, it discusses how small children interact with comic books and what they reproduce, invent or reinvent when inspired by such materials. It emphasizes that comic books are part of children's material cultures and unveil symbolic aspects of children's cultures, which they share with each other and with adults in such a way that they observe patterns and identity values being negotiated in the sense that not only do they reproduce stereotypes of heteronormative culture, but also cross the boundaries of gender. In sum, the article sheds light on the challenge of bringing children to the debate about gender relations from the perspective of pedagogical proposals which might overcome sexist practices present in educational institutions.
External validation of the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) prediction of in hospital death in patients with type II respiratory failure: a multi centre database study [protocol]
Year: 2018

The National Early Warning Score (NEWS) a vital signs based early warning score (EWS) has been suggested to perform poorly in patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure. A newly updated version (NEWS2) includes modified peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) thresholds for such patients and additional weightings for higher SpO2 values if they are receiving oxygen therapy. NEWS2 has been mandated for use in acute NHS hospitals. However, these changes await validation. Prior to the publication of NEWS2, the Chronic Respiratory Early Warning Score (CREWS) had been proposed as an adjustment to NEWS for these patients.  Retrospective observational cohort study using the HAVEN database of admissions to four Oxford University Hospitals January December 2016 and Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust January 2012 December 2016. Our primary endpoint will be the ability of NEWS2, NEWS and CREWS to predict in hospital death within 24 hours of an observation set in patients with and without type II respiratory failure. Secondary endpoints will include cardiac arrest, intensive care admission and the first of intensive care admission, cardiac arrest or in hospital death. We will conduct subgroup analyses using different methods for identifying patients with or at risk of type II respiratory failure. We will use the C statistic to assess discrimination and report sensitivities, specificities and predictive values at recognized cut offs. To assess the incremental change between NEWS and NEWS2 of the new thresholds for COPD we will present change in the C statistic.  We will provide the first multi centre assessment of whether the changes in NEWS2 have led to improved discrimination of adverse outcomes in patients with type II respiratory failure, without the disadvantaging the performance in patients without this condition.
Personalized Treatment Suggestions: The Validity and Applicability of the Risk Prevention Index Social in Low Back Pain Exercise Treatments
Venue: Journal of clinical medicine
Year: 2020

The back pain screening tool Risk Prevention Index Social (RPI S) identifies the individual psychosocial risk for low back pain chronification and supports the allocation of patients at risk in additional multidisciplinary treatments. The study objectives were to evaluate (1) the prognostic validity of the RPI S for a 6 month time frame and (2) the clinical benefit of the RPI S.  In a multicenter single blind 3 armed randomized controlled trial, n 660 persons (age 18 65 years) were randomly assigned to a twelve week uni or multidisciplinary exercise intervention or control group. Psychosocial risk was assessed by the RPI S domain social environment (RPI SSE) and the outcome pain by the Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire (baseline M1, 12 weeks M4, 24 weeks M5) Prognostic validity was quantified by the root mean squared error (RMSE) within the control group. The clinical benefit of RPI SSE was calculated by repeated measures ANOVA in intervention groups.  A subsample of n 274 participants (mean 38.0 years, SD 13.1) was analyzed, of which 30% were classified at risk in their psychosocial profile. The half year prognostic validity was good (RMSE for disability of 9.04 at M4 and of 9.73 at M5; RMSE for pain intensity of 12.45 at M4 and of 14.49 at M5) People at risk showed significantly stronger reduction in pain disability and intensity at M4/M5, if participating in a multidisciplinary exercise treatment. Subjects at no risk showed a smaller reduction in pain disability in both interventions and no group differences for pain intensity. Regarding disability due to pain, around 41% of the sample would gain an unfitted treatment without the back pain screening.  The RPI SSE prognostic validity demonstrated good applicability and a clinical benefit confirmed by a clear advantage of an individualized treatment possibility.
The Distinctions Between Theory, Theoretical Framework, and Conceptual Framework
Venue: Academic medicine journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges
Year: 2019

Health professions education (HPE) researchers are regularly asked to articulate their use of theory, theoretical frameworks, and conceptual frameworks in their research. However, all too often, these words are used interchangeably or without a clear understanding of the differences between these concepts. Further problematizing this situation is the fact that theory, theoretical framework, and conceptual framework are terms that are used in different ways in different research approaches. In this article, the authors set out to clarify the meaning of these terms and to describe how they are used in 2 approaches to research commonly used in HPE: the objectivist deductive approach (from theory to data) and the subjectivist inductive approach (from data to theory) In addition to this, given that within subjectivist inductive research theory, theoretical framework, and conceptual framework can be used in different ways, they describe 3 uses that HPE researchers frequently rely on: fully inductive theory development, fully theory informed inductive, and theory informing inductive data analysis.
The rapid electrochemical activation of MoTe2 for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Venue: Nature Communications
Year: 2019

The electrochemical generation of hydrogen is a key enabling technology for the production of sustainable fuels. Transition metal chalcogenides show considerable promise as catalysts for this reaction, but to date there are very few reports of tellurides in this context, and none of these transition metal telluride catalysts are especially active. Here, we show that the catalytic performance of metallic 1T' MoTe2 is improved dramatically when the electrode is held at cathodic bias. As a result, the overpotential required to maintain a current density of 10 mA cm 2 decreases from 320 mV to just 178 mV. We show that this rapid and reversible activation process has its origins in adsorption of H onto Te sites on the surface of 1T' MoTe2. This activation process highlights the importance of subtle changes in the electronic structure of an electrode material and how these can influence the subsequent electrocatalytic activity that is displayed. The performance of electrocatalysts for the renewable production of hydrogen is currently limited due to the difficulty of materials design. We show that tailoring the electronic structure under applied reductive bias is key to optimal electrocatalytic performance of a 2D chalcogenide material.
Recommendations based on personalized tendency for different aspects of influences in social media
Venue: J. Inf. Sci.
Year: 2015

Among the applications of Web 2.0, social networking sites continue to proliferate and the volume of content keeps growing; as a result, information overload causes difficulty for users attempting to choose useful and relevant information. To resolve this problem, most researches only utilize users' preferences, the content of items or social influence to make recommendations. However, people's preferences for items may be affected by social friends, personal interest and item popularity. Moreover, each factor has a different impact on each user. In this work, we propose a novel recommendation method based on different types of influences: social, interest and popularity, using personal tendencies in regard to these factors to recommend photos in a photo sharing website, Flickr. The personal tendencies related to these three influences are regarded as personalized weights to combine influence scores for predicting the scores of items. The experimental results show that our proposed methods can improve the quality of recommendations.
Modular Politics
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

Governance in online communities is an increasingly high stakes challenge, and yet many basic features of offline governance legacies juries, political parties, term limits, and formal debates, to name a few are not in the feature sets of the software most community platforms use. Drawing on the paradigm of Institutional Analysis and Development, this paper proposes a strategy for addressing this lapse by specifying basic features of a generalizable paradigm for online governance called Modular Politics. Whereas classical governance typologies tend to present a choice among wholesale ideologies, such as democracy or oligarchy, Modular Politics would enable platform operators and their users to build bottom up governance processes from computational components that are modular and composable, highly versatile in their expressiveness, portable from one context to another, and interoperable across platforms. This kind of approach could implement pre digital governance systems as well as accelerate innovation in uniquely digital techniques. As diverse communities share and connect their components and data, governance could occur through a ubiquitous network layer. To that end, this paper proposes the development of an open standard for networked governance.
Textile Based Embroidery Friendly RFID Antenna Design Techniques
Venue: 2019 IEEE International Conference on RFID (RFID)
Year: 2019

Embroidering antennas directly onto fabrics is the ideal solution for future wearable electronics and sensors. However, antennas embroidered with conductive yarns cannot utilize geometries with higher resolution, the yarns have higher resistivity than metallic materials, and the parasitic capacitance will be introduced during the embroidering process. These issues all limit the performance of embroidered antennas. In this paper, we use UHF RFID antenna as examples to explore quantitatively the limitations of embroidered antenna designs, and propose the guideline to design embroidery friendly antennas to achieve a satisfactory performance.
One Step Greener: Reducing 5G and Beyond Networks' Carbon Footprint by 2 Tiering Energy Efficiency with CO2 Offsetting
Year: 2020

Fifth generation (5G) and Beyond 5G (B5G) will be characterized by highly dense deployments, both on network plane and user plane. Internet of Things, massive sensor deployments and base stations will drive even more energy consumption. User behavior towards mobile service usage is witnessing a paradigm shift with heavy capacity, demanding services resulting in an increase of both screen time and data transfers, which leads to additional power consumption. Mobile network operators will face additional energetic challenges, mainly related to power consumption and network sustainability, starting right in the planning phase with concepts like energy efficiency and greenness by design coming into play. The main contribution of this work is a two tier method to address such challenges leading to positively offset carbon dioxide emissions related to mobile networks using a novel approach. The first tier contributes to overall power reduction and optimization based on energy efficient methods applied to 5G and B5G networks. The second tier aims to offset the remaining operational power usage by completely offsetting its carbon footprint through geosequestration. This way, we show that the objective of minimizing overall networks' carbon footprint is achievable. Conclusions are drawn and it is shown that carbon sequestration initiatives or program adherence represent a negligible cost impact on overall network cost, with the added value of greener and more environmentally friendly network operation. This can also relieve the pressure on mobile network operators in order to maximize compliance with environmentally neutral activity.
Karl popper's architectural legacy An intertextual reading of collage city (1)
Year: 2016

Colin Rowe and Fred Koetter's book Collage City has been one of the most inspiring works in the field of architecture with its elaborate and stimulating critique of Modernist and Post war architecture and city planning. Published first as an article in 1975 and later as a book in 1978, Collage City has been one of the cornerstones of postmodern architectural and urban theory since. Philosopher Karl Popper's ideas on historicism, utopia, tradition, liberal society, etc. had a great influence in shaping the urban architectural theory and design model of Colin Rowe and his pedagogical approach. Karl Popper's impact is very obvious in the book and at its preceding Rowe's Cornell urban design studio. However, little attention has been paid to his legacy on Collage City. This paper traces Karl Popper's legacy on Rowe's urban design theories and methods through an in depth comparative reading of Collage City and Popper's seminal publications. I argue that a thorough understanding of the context and the content of the collage city argument, and therefore this specific episode in architectural thinking and its contemporary remnants, can only be grasped truly through this intertextual reading. Hence, the intertextual reading in this paper reveals the social, political, and philosophical basis of the collage city argument, which has been approached mainly as a formalist premise so far. In conclusion, the paper aims to reveal the difficult, ambiguous, even blurred, but also productive relationship between the ideas of Colin Rowe and Karl Popper, between architecture and philosophy.
Permissioned Blockchain and Edge Computing Empowered Privacy Preserving Smart Grid Networks
Venue: IEEE Internet of Things Journal
Year: 2019

The blooming trend of smart grid deployment is engaged by the evolution of the network technology, as the connected environment offers various alternatives for electrical data collections. Having diverse data sharing/transfer means is deemed an important aspect in enabling intelligent controls/governance in smart grid. However, security and privacy concerns also are introduced while flexible communication services are provided, such as energy depletion and infrastructure mapping attacks. This paper proposes a model permissioned blockchain edge model for smart grid network (PBEM SGN) to address the two significant issues in smart grid, privacy protections, and energy security, by means of combining blockchain and edge computing techniques. We use group signatures and covert channel authorization techniques to guarantee users' validity. An optimal security aware strategy is constructed by smart contracts running on the blockchain. Our experiments have evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Temperature Feedback Controlled Photothermal/Photodynamic/Chemodynamic Combination Cancer Therapy Based on NaGdF4 :Er,Yb@NaGdF4 :Nd@Cu BIF Nanoassemblies.
Venue: Advanced healthcare materials
Year: 2020

The intelligent design of multifunctional nanoplatforms is critical for cancer therapy. Herein, NaGdF4 :Er,Yb@NaGdF4 :Nd@Cu(II) boron imidazolate frameworks (denoted as CSNPs@Cu BIF) nanoassemblies are designed and fabricated. Upon a single 808 nm laser irradiation, the nanoassemblies not only show the outstanding photothermal conversion capacity (e 41.7% but also generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species through an in situ Fenton like reaction and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Importantly, the nanoassemblies simultaneously introduce remarkable antitumor efficacy via photothermal/photodynamic/chemodynamic combination therapy both in vitro and in vivo. To improve the therapeutic effect of solid tumor ablation, it is highly desirable to monitor the treatment process in real time. Multiclinical imaging modalities of ultrasonography are employed to systematically investigate the ablation mechanism of solid tumors in vivo. Furthermore, the significant difference between the eigen temperature of CSNPs@Cu BIF nanoassemblies obtained by the temperature sensitive emission bands signal changes and the apparent temperature recorded by the thermal imaging camera is 14.55 K at equilibrium. This current work therefore supplies an alternative strategy in temperature feedback controlled accurate cancer therapy.
Intrigues and Challenges Associated with COVID 19 Pandemic in Nigeria
Year: 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) pandemic has emerged as a global health crisis, with 3,855,788 infected persons and 256,862 deaths worldwide as of May 9, 2020. In Nigeria, the first case of the pandemic was reported by the Nigerian Centre for Disease Control on February 27, 2020. Between the dates when the index case was reported and May 9, 2020, the nation has recorded a total of 4151 confirmed COVID 19 cases from 25,951 samples screened and 745 (18% cases discharged with 128 deaths indicating a case fatality rate of 3.1% Thirty four (34) States and the Federal Capital Territory have recorded coronavirus disease. The most affected States in Nigeria is Lagos (epicentre of COVID 19) with 1764 cases, followed by 576 cases in Kano states and only one COVID 19 case in Anambra State 42 days since the last report of index case. Demographically, a total of 2828 male subjects have been infected representing 68% and 1323 female subjects representing 32% The age group 31 40 years is mostly affected accounting for 24% The number of people with travel history is 210 (5% 947 (23% contacts, 2618 (63% without epidemiological link and 376 (9% with an incomplete information. Nigeria is currently witnessing community transmission of COVID 19. Some observed issues aiding community transmission of COVID 19 in Nigeria are: the distrust of some Nigeria citizens towards government on COVID 19 management, poverty, religious beliefs, ignorance on face mask sharing, low level of informed populace, misconceptions, stigmatization of infected individuals, poor health facilities, inadequate testing Centre, shortage of health workers, poor treatment among others. Effective people's health preventive behaviour and community based health policy and strategies to mitigate these challenges are therein suggested.
Turning screw locking machine
Year: 2014

The utility model discloses a turning screw locking machine comprising a rack. The rack is provided with an automatic feed module, an automatic locking module, a cross moving module, a touch screen and a positioning clamping module. The positioning clamping module is installed above the cross moving module. The automatic feed module and the automatic locking module are installed behind the cross moving module. The automatic feed module is provided with a controller, a feed guide rail, a gear motor and a vibrator. The automatic locking module is provided with a screw driver and a locking air cylinder. The cross moving module is provided with a linear guide rail and a ball screw. Two ends of the positioning clamping module are provided with rotary clamping air cylinders. Being simple in structure, convenient in manufacturing, and high in safety, the screw locking machine is high in production efficiency, is able to achieve the screw locking from the first path to the fourth path, and is able to locking screws of large sizes.
Research in field distortion by cavity presence in HVDC cable and the associated partial discharge characteristics
Year: 2016

This thesis explores the electric field enhancement by a single cavity presence inside a high voltage direct current cable and the associated partial discharge characteristics at the steady state. Electrical conductivity is indicated to be important in determining the field enhancement inside the cavity and the field distortion in the region surrounding the cavity. The volume of the region possibly influenced by the cavity is given, and it is never higher than five times the cavity radius for a single spherical cavity. The conclusions are applicable across the range of cavity locations, cavity sizes, temperature differences, and material properties studied in the project. At the present stage, no numerical model on partial discharge at direct current voltage is published. In this project, preliminary modelling and simulation work is researched based on Niemeyer's model, which is an accepted model at alternating current voltage, with modification according to its physical mechanism. Electrical conductivity of the insulation bulk is important in determining the characteristics of partial discharge, including the discharge repetition rate and discharge magnitude. The conclusion is applicable across the current through the conductor, cavity location and fresh and aged material studied in the project.
Spontaneous inferences, implicit impressions, and implicit theories.
Venue: Annual review of psychology
Year: 2008

People make social inferences without intentions, awareness, or effort, i.e. spontaneously. We review recent findings on spontaneous social inferences (especially traits, goals, and causes) and closely related phenomena. We then describe current thinking on some of the most relevant processes, implicit knowledge, and theories. These include automatic and controlled processes and their interplay; embodied cognition, including mimicry; and associative versus rule based processes. Implicit knowledge includes adult folk theories, conditions of personhood, self knowledge to simulate others, and cultural and social class differences. Implicit theories concern Bayesian networks, recent attribution research, and questions about the utility of the disposition situation dichotomy. Developmental research provides new insights. Spontaneous social inferences include a growing array of phenomena, but they have been insufficiently linked to other phenomena and theories. We hope the links suggested in this review begin to remedy this.