nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the effect of distractions of working from home on mental health of office workers during the COVID 19 pandemic
Venue: Proceedings of The 3rd International Electronic Conference on Environmental Research and Public Health Public Health Issues in the Context of the COVID 19 Pandemic
Year: 2021

The COVID 19 pandemic has led to a massive switch from working at the office to working from home fulltime to minimize the spread of the virus. Although working from home has a lot of advantages, such as the increased flexibility and autonomy of employees, there are also many challenges. One of the main challenges are the distractions, such as distractions from noise (e.g. household members or construction projects in the neighbourhood) or ICT induced interruptions from co workers (e.g. email, calls, chat) temperature, amount/type of workplace (e.g. a private office) aesthetics or good furniture. Although earlier research has shown that several types of work distractions are negatively related to employees' well being, still little is known about the effect of distractions, specifically related to the physical workplace, on people's mental health. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the influence of workspace characteristics and personal characteristics, mediated by the perceived distractions at home, on mental health, during the COVID 19 pandemic. Data were collected, using an online survey, among 271 employees of a large company in the Netherlands. Preliminary results showed that perceived distractions at home were of significant influence on employees' mental health. Physical workplace characteristics, such as workspace temperature, cleanliness, colors on the wall and the size of the work desk, were also found to affect people's mental health, as well as personal characteristics, including personality and age. These results confirm the influence of workspace distractions on employees' mental health while working from home, and indicate the importance of the physical work environment for people's mental health. Findings of this study could be used by organizations to optimize working from home and offer healthy work environments.
Translational aspects in targeting the stromal tumour microenvironment: From bench to bedside
Venue: New horizons in translational medicine
Year: 2016

Solid tumours comprise, not only malignant cells but also a variety of stromal cells and extracellular matrix proteins. These components interact via an array of signalling pathways to create an adaptable network that may act to promote or suppress cancer progression. To date, the majority of anti tumour chemotherapeutic agents have principally sought to target the cancer cell. Consequently, resistance develops because of clonal evolution, as a result of selection pressure during tumour expansion. The concept of activating or inhibiting other cell types within the tumour microenvironment is relatively novel and has the advantage of targeting cells which are genetically stable and less likely to develop resistance. This review outlines key players in the stromal tumour microenvironment and discusses potential targeting strategies that may offer therapeutic benefit.  Benchside The tumour stroma consists of mesenchymal, immune and vascular cells housed in an extracellular matrix. Stromal cells and extracellular matrix proteins represent genetically stable targets which can be exploited in cancer treatment. Numerous in vitro and animal studies support the concept of stromal directed treatment. Bedside Several therapeutic strategies have been developed or repurposed to target the stroma. The anti angiogenic agent bevacizumab was one of the first specific stromal targeting agents to be licensed for cancer treatment over a decade ago. More recently, immune modulation of the stroma has become a hugely successful strategy, with novel drugs such as checkpoint inhibitors set to revolutionise cancer treatment. Governments Funding bodies should continue to acknowledge the pivotal role that the stroma plays in cancer progression, in parallel with cancer cell itself. Undoubtedly, the most successful treatment regimens of the future will address both the "seed" and the "soil"
Defect Induced Band Edge Reconstruction of a Bismuth Halide Double Perovskite for Visible Light Absorption.
Venue: Journal of the American Chemical Society
Year: 2017

Halide double perovskites have recently been developed as less toxic analogs of the lead perovskite solar cell absorbers APbX3 (A monovalent cation; X Br or I) However, all known halide double perovskites have large bandgaps that afford weak visible light absorption. The first halide double perovskite evaluated as an absorber, Cs2AgBiBr6 (1) has a bandgap of 1.95 eV. Here, we show that dilute alloying decreases 1's bandgap by ca. 0.5 eV. Importantly, time resolved photoconductivity measurements reveal long lived carriers with microsecond lifetimes in the alloyed material, which is very promising for photovoltaic applications. The alloyed perovskite described herein is the first double perovskite to show comparable bandgap energy and carrier lifetime to those of (CH3NH3)PbI3. By describing how energy and symmetry matched impurity orbitals, at low concentrations, dramatically alter 1's band edges, we open a potential pathway for the large and diverse family of halide double perovskites to compete with APbX3 absorbers.
An intensive form of trauma focused cognitive behaviour therapy in an acute adolescent inpatient unit: An uncontrolled open trial
Venue: Clinical child psychology and psychiatry
Year: 2020

Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) rates among hospitalised adolescents are between 21% and 32% and there is a lack of evidence based interventions for this population. Trauma focused cognitive behaviour therapy (TF CBT) is an evidence based intervention for children and adolescents with PTSD; however, it has not been implemented in an acute adolescent inpatient unit. This study examines the implementation of an intensive form of TF CBT in an adolescent inpatient unit.  An uncontrolled open trail study was conducted where 15 adolescents diagnosed with PTSD were treated with an intensive form of TF CBT. Measures used were the University of California, Los Angeles' (UCLA) PTSD Reaction Index for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed. Adolescent Version; DSM IV Adolescent Version) the National Stressful Events Survey PTSD Short Scale (NSESSS) and the Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS)  Adolescents received an average of nine sessions of TF CBT over a period of 28 days. The average NSESSS on admission was 23.73 and 8.27 at discharge; the CGAS average on admission was 19 and on discharge was 48.7; both were statistically significant changes.  Preliminary findings support the use of an intensive form of TF CBT to treat adolescents with PTSD admitted to acute adolescent inpatient units indicating the need for further research in this area.
Videothoracoscopy for Pulmonary Hydatidosis.
Venue: The Annals of thoracic surgery
Year: 2016

M IS C E L L A N E O U S implications of the margin cytology findings and margin/tumor size ratio in patients who underwent pulmonary excision for peripheral non small cell lung cancer.  44. 4. Ohnishi H, Araki T. Stereotactic body radiation therapy for stage I non small cell lung cancer: a historical overview of clinical studies. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2013;43:345 50. 5. Mohiuddin K, Haneuse S, Sofer T, et al. Relationship between margin distance and local recurrence among patients undergoing wedge resection for small 2 cm) non small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014;147:1169 75.
Cross Document Language Modeling
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2021

We introduce a new pretraining approach for language models that are geared to support multi document NLP tasks. Our crossdocument language model (CD LM) improves masked language modeling for these tasks with two key ideas. First, we pretrain with multiple related documents in a single input, via cross document masking, which encourages the model to learn cross document and long range relationships. Second, extending the recent Longformer model, we pretrain with long contexts of several thousand tokens and introduce a new attention pattern that uses sequence level global attention to predict masked tokens, while retaining the familiar local attention elsewhere. We show that our CD LM sets new state of the art results for several multi text tasks, including crossdocument event and entity coreference resolution, paper citation recommendation, and documents plagiarism detection, while using a significantly reduced number of training parameters relative to prior works1.
A Crisis of Humanitarianism: Refugees at the Gates of Europe
Venue: International journal of health policy and management
Year: 2019

Having initially welcomed more than a million refugees and forced migrants into Europe between 2015 and 2016, the European Union's (EU's) policy has shifted toward externalising migration control to Turkey and Northern Africa. This goes against the spirit of international conventions aiming to protect vulnerable populations, yet there is widespread indifference toward those who remain stranded in Italy, Greece and bordering Mediterranean countries. Yet there are tens of thousands living in overcrowded reception facilities that have, in effect, turned into long term detention centres with poor health and safety for those awaiting resettlement or asylum decisions. Disregard for humanitarian principles is predicated on radical inequality between lives that are worth living and protecting, and unworthy deaths that are unseen and unmarked by grieving. However, migration is on the rise due to natural and man made disasters, and is becoming a global issue that concerns us all. We must therefore deal with it through collective political action that recognises refugees' and forced migrants' right to protection and ensures access to the health services they require.
Four whole mitogenome sequences of yellowtail stargazers (Uranoscopus cognatus cantor 1849) from East Peninsular Malaysia and West Coast of Thailand
Year: 2019

We sequenced and assembled four whole mitogenome sequences of the bottom dwelling fish yellowtail stargazer Uranoscopus cognatus isolated from East Peninsular Malaysia and West Coast of Thailand. The final partitioned nucleotide alignment consists of 14,098 bp and supports the monophyly of the genus Uranoscopus. Contrary to various mitogenome reports, we also made available the raw Illumina sequencing reads that can be further mined for microsatellite markers and repetitive nuclear genes.
How the use of business intelligence tools in the fistula sector can improve surgical performance
Year: 2018

The aim of Operation Fistula's ongoing work is to incentivize our partnering clinical teams by providing performance based funding. We do this using a coordinated chain of business intelligence tools, and by sharing detailed customized visual dashboards so they can track both patient outcomes and surgical performance. We have repurposed a number of leading business intelligence tools to create a patient tracking and performance management system. This platform combines several technologies to collect, store, and analyze data, which we communicate with our partners.  In order for data to be collected into our system, our partner surgeons and nurses input patient data directly into customized, standardized, electronic forms on a tablet or phone. Results are uploaded in real time, and feed into the data visualization software. Our London based team is then able to create data visualization dashboards, based on the collected data, which are shared with stakeholders in our partnering countries.  We are tracking surgical outcomes using our mobile data collection and visualization programmes. We are also measuring the impact of the digital performance based funding model, currently being used in the SAVA region in Madagascar. Our partnering clinical teams have responded positively to the introduction of our system, which we have found to ensure quality standards of care.  The initial phase of this work has yielded positive results. We have seen increased engagement and motivation from our partnering clinical staff, which exemplifies how both a performance based funding system, and access to digestible data, can improve surgical performance.
Optical gating and streaking of free electrons with sub optical cycle precision
Venue: Nature communications
Year: 2017

The temporal resolution of ultrafast electron diffraction and microscopy experiments is currently limited by the available experimental techniques for the generation and characterization of electron bunches with single femtosecond or attosecond durations. Here, we present proof of principle experiments of an optical gating concept for free electrons via direct time domain visualization of the sub optical cycle energy and transverse momentum structure imprinted on the electron beam. We demonstrate a temporal resolution of 1.2+ 0.3 fs. The scheme is based on the synchronous interaction between electrons and the near field mode of a dielectric nano grating excited by a femtosecond laser pulse with an optical period duration of 6.5 fs. The sub optical cycle resolution demonstrated here is promising for use in laser driven streak cameras for attosecond temporal characterization of bunched particle beams as well as time resolved experiments with free electron beams.
Fermatean fuzzy sets
Venue: J. Ambient Intell. Humaniz. Comput.
Year: 2020

In this paper, we propose Fermatean fuzzy sets. We compare Fermatean fuzzy sets with Pythagorean fuzzy sets and intuitionistic fuzzy sets. We focus on complement operator of Fermatean fuzzy sets. We find out the fundamental set of operations for the Fermatean fuzzy sets. We define score function and accuracy function for ranking of Fermatean fuzzy sets. In addition, we also study Euclidean distance between two Fermatean fuzzy sets. Later, we establish a Fermatean fuzzy TOPSIS method to fix multiple criteria decision making problem. Ultimately, an interpretative example is stated in details to justify the elaborated method and to illustrate its viability and usefulness.
The terrestrial biosphere as a net source of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere
Venue: Nature
Year: 2016

The terrestrial biosphere can release or absorb the greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide (CO2) methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) and therefore has an important role in regulating atmospheric composition and climate. Anthropogenic activities such as land use change, agriculture and waste management have altered terrestrial biogenic greenhouse gas fluxes, and the resulting increases in methane and nitrous oxide emissions in particular can contribute to climate change. The terrestrial biogenic fluxes of individual greenhouse gases have been studied extensively, but the net biogenic greenhouse gas balance resulting from anthropogenic activities and its effect on the climate system remains uncertain. Here we use bottom up (inventory, statistical extrapolation of local flux measurements, and process based modelling) and top down (atmospheric inversions) approaches to quantify the global net biogenic greenhouse gas balance between 1981 and 2010 resulting from anthropogenic activities and its effect on the climate system. We find that the cumulative warming capacity of concurrent biogenic methane and nitrous oxide emissions is a factor of about two larger than the cooling effect resulting from the global land carbon dioxide uptake from 2001 to 2010. This results in a net positive cumulative impact of the three greenhouse gases on the planetary energy budget, with a best estimate (in petagrams of CO2 equivalent per year) of 3.9 3.8 (top down) and 5.4 4.8 (bottom up) based on the GWP100 metric (global warming potential on a 100 year time horizon) Our findings suggest that a reduction in agricultural methane and nitrous oxide emissions, particularly in Southern Asia, may help mitigate climate change.
Assessment of Gamma Rays Induced Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Macrosperma and Microsperma Lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.
Year: 2014

Seeds each of two lentil cultivars, LH90 54 (macrosperma) and LH89 48 (microsperma) were treated with three doses of gamma rays (5, 10 and 15 kR) In both the cultivars, all the M1 plants with sufficient seed from each treatment and control were taken to raise independent M2 plant progenies. Five normal looking competitive plants from each M2 progeny were taken randomly to record observations on eight quantitative traits of economic importance, viz. plant height (cm) pod initiation height (cm) number of fruiting branches/plant, number of fruiting pods/plant, 100 seed weight (g) seed yield/plant (g) biomass/plant (g) and harvest index Wider range and mean in both positive and negative directions along with a general positive shift in mean for various polygenic traits than control were observed in different treatments in M2 generation. The variance, GCV and PCV for different polygenic traits increased tremendously over control values in all the treatments of both the cvs. Higher estimates of heritability and genetic advance in the M2 populations indicated tremendous scope for the improvement of seed yield and its component traits following selection in reduced volume of mutagenized material.
Local cryotherapy in tennis elbow (lateral epicodylitis)
Year: 2015

Article statistics Word count: 5,550; Tables: 8; Figures: 2;  October 2014;  September 2015;  http:/www.balticsportscience.com Copyright (c) Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Poland Indexation: AGRO, Celdes, CNKI Scholar (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) CNPIEC, De Gruyter IBR (International Bibliography of Reviews of Scholarly Literature in the Humanities and Social Sciences) De Gruyter IBZ (International Bibliography of Periodical Literature in the Humanities and Social Sciences) DOAJ, EBSCO Central Eastern European Academic Source, EBSCO SPORTDiscus, EBSCO Discovery Service, Google Scholar, Index Copernicus, J Gate, Naviga (Softweco, Primo Central (ExLibris) ProQuest Family Health, ProQuest Health Medical Complete, ProQuest Illustrata: Health Sciences, ProQuest Nursing Allied Health Source, Summon (Serials Solutions/ProQuest, TDOne (TDNet) Ulrich's Periodicals Directory/ulrichsweb, WorldCat (OCLC)  Dzwonkowska, Pracownia SPA Wellness, Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego i Sportu im. J. Sniadeckiego w Gdansku, ul. K. Gorskiego 1, 80 336 Gdansk; phone no. +48 58 554 74 74; e mail: mkd@awf.gda.pl Open Access License:
Safety and efficacy of fluoxetine on functional outcome after acute stroke (AFFINITY) a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial
Venue: The Lancet Neurology
Year: 2020

Trials of fluoxetine for recovery after stroke report conflicting results. The Assessment oF FluoxetINe In sTroke recoverY (AFFINITY) trial aimed to show if daily oral fluoxetine for 6 months after stroke improves functional outcome in an ethnically diverse population.  AFFINITY was a randomised, parallel group, double blind, placebo controlled trial done in 43 hospital stroke units in Australia (n=29) New Zealand (four) and Vietnam (ten) Eligible patients were adults (aged =18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of acute stroke in the previous 2 15 days, brain imaging consistent with ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke, and a persisting neurological deficit that produced a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 1 or more. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 via a web based system using a minimisation algorithm to once daily, oral fluoxetine 20 mg capsules or matching placebo for 6 months. Patients, carers, investigators, and outcome assessors were masked to the treatment allocation. The primary outcome was functional status, measured by the mRS, at 6 months. The primary analysis was an ordinal logistic regression of the mRS at 6 months, adjusted for minimisation variables. Primary and safety analyses were done according to the patient's treatment allocation. The trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12611000774921.  Between Jan 11, 2013, and June 30, 2019, 1280 patients were recruited in Australia (n=532) New Zealand (n=42) and Vietnam (n=706) of whom 642 were randomly assigned to fluoxetine and 638 were randomly assigned to placebo. Mean duration of trial treatment was 167 days (SD 48*1) At 6 months, mRS data were available in 624 (97% patients in the fluoxetine group and 632 (99% in the placebo group. The distribution of mRS categories was similar in the fluoxetine and placebo groups (adjusted common odds ratio 0*94, 95% CI 0*76 1*15; p=0*53) Compared with patients in the placebo group, patients in the fluoxetine group had more falls (20 [3% vs seven [1% p=0*018) bone fractures (19 [3% vs six [1% p=0*014) and epileptic seizures (ten [2% vs two <1% p=0*038) at 6 months.  Oral fluoxetine 20 mg daily for 6 months after acute stroke did not improve functional outcome and increased the risk of falls, bone fractures, and epileptic seizures. These results do not support the use of fluoxetine to improve functional outcome after stroke.
Neural Extractive Summarization with Hierarchical Attentive Heterogeneous Graph Network
Venue: EMNLP
Year: 2020

Sentence level extractive text summarization is substantially a node classification task of network mining, adhering to the informative components and concise representations. There are lots of redundant phrases between extracted sentences, but it is difficult to model them exactly by the general supervised methods. Previous sentence encoders, especially BERT, specialize in modeling the relationship between source sentences. While, they have no ability to consider the overlaps of the target selected summary, and there are inherent dependencies among target labels of sentences. In this paper, we propose HAHSum (as shorthand for Hierarchical Attentive Heterogeneous Graph for Text Summarization) which well models different levels of information, including words and sentences, and spotlights redundancy dependencies between sentences. Our approach iteratively refines the sentence representations with redundancy aware graph and delivers the label dependencies by message passing. Experiments on large scale benchmark corpus (CNN/DM, NYT, and NEWSROOM) demonstrate that HAHSum yields ground breaking performance and outperforms previous extractive summarizers.
Modeling and Load Flow Analysis of a Microgrid Laboratory.
Year: 2019

Microgridsminiature versions of the electrical grid are becoming increasingly more popular as advancements in technologies, renewable energy mandates, and decreased costs drive communities to adopt them. The modern microgrid has capabilities of generating, distributing, and regulating the flow of electricity, capable of operating in both grid connected and islanded (disconnected) conditions. This paper utilizes ETAP software in the analysis, simulation, and development of a lab scale microgrid located at Cal Poly State University. Microprocessor based relays are heavily utilized in both the ETAP model and hardware implementation of the system. Three case studies were studied and simulated to investigate electric power system load flow analysis of the Cal Poly microgrid. Results were compared against hardware test measurements and showed overall agreement. Slight discrepancies were observed in the simulation results due mainly to the non ideality of actual hardware components and
On the status of natural divination in Stoicism
Year: 2020

Cicero?s De divinatione portrays the Stoics as unanimous in advocating both natural and technical divination. I argue that, contrary to this, the earlier leaders of the school like Chrysippus had reasons to consider natural divination to be significantly epistemically inferior to its technical counterpart. The much more favorable treatment of natural divination in De divinatione is likely the result of changes introduced later, probably by Posidonius.