nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic Mecury Injecting Machine's Controlling System Used in CFL Based on Single chip Controller
Year: 2008

The automatic control of mercury injecting action in the process of compact fluorescent light(CFL) manufacturing can accurately manipulate the mercury content,reduce the pollution of mercury, improve production efficiency and the quality of CFL.The system uses microcomputer control unit as main controller and stepping motor as driver, adopts control way of program inquiring,finally accomplishes regulation of mercury content, feeding time and speed.The producing and testing prove that the system has high reliability and intelligence with workers and environment friendly.
Asymptotic Statistical Performance of Local Polynomial Wigner Distribution for the Parameters Estimation of Cubic Phase Signal With Application in ISAR Imaging of Ship Target
Venue: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing
Year: 2015

The parameters estimation of cubic phase signal based on local polynomial Wigner distribution (LPWD) was proposed in the author's previous paper, and it outperforms the traditional algorithms in inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging of maneuvering target. The contribution of this paper is that the asymptotic statistical performance of LPWD for the parameters estimation of cubic phase signal is analyzed theoretically, and the asymptotic statistical results are derived for all the estimated parameters via the first order perturbation principle. Then, the LPWD is used in ISAR imaging of ship target with complex motion, and the high quality instantaneous ISAR images can be obtained.
Outplanting but not seeding establishes native desert perennials
Year: 2012

Developing reliable techniques for revegetating disturbed arid lands is challenging. Few studies have directly compared effectiveness of the 2 main revegetation techniques seeding and outplanting and the relationship to various treatments intended to enhance plant establishment. We compared seeding and planting and evaluated granivory protection, irrigation, and shelter treatments with a range of native perennial species monitored for 3 y on a wildfire site in the Mojave Desert of southern Nevada. Contrasted with previous studies in the Mojave Desert, seeding failed to establish new plants, despite protecting seeds from small mammal granivory, irrigating, and using seeds known to be viable during a study period that included a mix of moist and dry years. Outplanting, however, resulted in third year survival 22% for 4 of 10 species. The best performing species and their survival included desert globemallow (Sphaeralcea ambigua A. Gray [Malvaceae] 55% Eastern Mojave buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum Benth.  23% and creosote bush (Larrea tridentata (DC. Coville [Zygophyllaceae] 23% Adding either water or shelter approximately doubled survival. Surviving the first year appeared critical to success, as out plants healthy at year 1 remained alive at year 3. Although outplanting is often considered inferior for introducing propagules to larger areas in comparison with seeding, a finding that 86% of Sphaeralcea and 73% of Eriogonum survivors were flowering suggests that potential seed production by the outplants should not be dismissed. Results suggest that outplanting native perennials can revegetate desert disturbances, especially if early survival can be increased.
Integrated and Adaptive Guidance and Control for Endoatmospheric Missiles via Reinforcement Learning
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2021

We apply the meta reinforcement learning framework to optimize an integrated and adaptive guidance and flight control system for an air to air missile, implementing the system as a deep neural network (the policy) The policy maps observations directly to commanded rates of change for the missile's control surface deflections, with the observations derived with minimal processing from the computationally stabilized line of sight unit vector measured by a strap down seeker, estimated rotational velocity from rate gyros, and control surface deflection angles. The system induces intercept trajectories against a maneuvering target that satisfy control constraints on fin deflection angles, and path constraints on look angle and load. We test the optimized system in a six degrees of freedom simulator that includes a non linear radome model and a strapdown seeker model. Through extensive simulation, we demonstrate that the system can adapt to a large flight envelope and o nominal flight conditions that include perturbation of aerodynamic coe cient parameters and center of pressure locations. Moreover, we find that the system is robust to the parasitic attitude loop induced by radome refraction, imperfect seeker stabilization, and sensor scale factor errors. Finally, we compare our system's performance to two benchmarks: a proportional navigation guidance system benchmark in a simplified 3 DOF environment, which we take as an upper bound on performance attainable with separate guidance and flight control systems, and a longitudinal model of proportional navigation coupled with a three loop autopilot. We find that our system moderately outperforms the former, and outperforms the latter by a large margin.
Lotze et la psychologie physiologique
Year: 2015

L'ambition de la presente contribution est de mettre en lumiere quelques aspects de la psychologie de Lotze. Je m'efforcerai de montrer en quoi consiste le projet lotzeen de psychologie physiologique, et en quoi il se distingue de ceux de Fechner et Wundt. La principale source, sur cette question, est la Medizinische Psychologie de 1852. Mais on trouve aussi de precieux developpements dans les textes ulterieurs, specialement les livres 2 et 3 du premier volume de Mikrokosmus (1856) et la Metaphysique de 1879 lesquels, sur ce point, sont pour l'essentiel des recapitulatifs ou des reformulations actualisees de la Psychologie medicale. Enfin, j'ai egalement tenu compte de l'essai Seele und Seelenleben de 1846, qui prefigure la Psychologie medicale a bien des egards.
Synergy of Chemo and Photodynamic Therapies with C60 Fullerene Doxorubicin Nanocomplex
Venue: Nanomaterials
Year: 2019

A nanosized drug complex was explored to improve the efficiency of cancer chemotherapy, complementing it with nanodelivery and photodynamic therapy. For this, nanomolar amounts of a non covalent nanocomplex of Doxorubicin (Dox) with carbon nanoparticle C60 fullerene (C60) were applied in 1:1 and 2:1 molar ratio, exploiting C60 both as a drug carrier and as a photosensitizer. The fluorescence microscopy analysis of human leukemic CCRF CEM cells, in vitro cancer model, treated with nanocomplexes showed Dox's nuclear and C60's extranuclear localization. It gave an opportunity to realize a double hit strategy against cancer cells based on Dox's antiproliferative activity and C60's photoinduced pro oxidant activity. When cells were treated with 2:1 C60 Dox and irradiated at 405 nm the high cytotoxicity of photo irradiated C60 Dox enabled a nanomolar concentration of Dox and C60 to efficiently kill cancer cells in vitro. The high pro oxidant and pro apoptotic efficiency decreased IC50 16, 9 and 7 x 103 fold, if compared with the action of Dox, non irradiated nanocomplex, and C60's photodynamic effect, correspondingly. Hereafter, a strong synergy of therapy arising from the combination of C60 mediated Dox delivery and C60 photoexcitation was revealed. Our data indicate that a combination of chemo and photodynamic therapies with C60 Dox nanoformulation provides a promising synergetic approach for cancer treatment.
Sultan Abdulhamid'e Muhalif Devlet Memurlarindan Suleyman Kadizade Rifat'in "Padisah Aldatti mi Aldandi mi" Adli Eserinde Mesrutiyet Elestirisi
Year: 2019

Sultan Abdulhamid, iktidari boyunca ic ve dis pek cok olayla mucadele etmis ve devleti ayakta tutmaya calismistir. Ancak uyguladigi yontemler, cogu kisi tarafindan anlasilamamistir. Basta Avrupali devletler olmak uzere, Ermenilerin basini cektigi gayr i Muslim azinliklar ve Ittihat ve Terakki gibi muhalif hareketler, padisahi tahttan indirmek icin uzun ugraslar vermislerdir. Darbe girisiminden suikast girisimine kadar pek cok badire atlatan Sultan Abdulhamid, Ermeni olaylarinin ustesinden gelse de, mesrutiyetci muhalefete karsi nihai anlamda direnememistir. Kendisine yoneltilen suclamalari hicbir zaman kabul etmeyen Sultan, donemindeki icraat ve uygulamalarla ilgili olarak, zamanin sartlarinin oyle hareket etmesini gerektirdigi seklinde kisa bir aciklama yapmakla yetinmistir. Suleyman Kadizade Rifat ise, Mekteb i Sultani'den mezun olup mesrutiyet devrinde yasamis ve memurluk yapmis bir devlet gorevlisidir. II. Mesrutiyet doneminde elestirel bir uslupta yazilmis ve ittihatci bakis acisina sahip "Padisah Aldatti mi Aldandi mi" adli eserinde, Sultana olan mesrutiyet elestirisini sert bir sekilde dile getirmistir. Sultan Murad'in zat i sahaneye yazilmis bir tezkiresi olarak bilinen eser, Sultan Abdulhamid devrine iliskin olaylari, tasra memurlari ve devlet adamlarinin icraatlari ve halkla olan iliskileri icermektedir. Genel itibariyla Sultan Abdulhamid'in idaresini istibdad olarak niteleyerek, mesrutiyeti gerekli goren ve her iki idare tarzinin kiyaslamasini tasra memurlari ve devlet adamlarinin icraatlariyla aciklamaya calisan yazar, ozellikle tasradaki devlet memurlarinin koylu halkla olan munasebetlerini konu edinerek, dusuncelerini temellendirmeye calisir. Ornek verdigi bazi devlet adamlarinin, Padisah'a olan tutumlarini da ayri ayri degerlendirerek, yapilan uygulama ve icraatlari, vatan ve millet dusmanligi olarak yorumlar. Halkin icinde bulundugu sartlarin zorlugunu, kendilerine yapilan baski ve siddette arayarak, mesrutiyet rejimine olan gerekliligi, yer yer asiriya kacan ifadelerle, bu rejimi yerlestirmeye calisan devlet adamlari ve orduyu ovguyle yad ederek savunur. Vaktiyle Sultan Murad'in Sultan Abdulhamid'e yazdigi bir tezkireyle Sultan Abdulhamid yonetiminin eksik ve hatalarini ortaya koymak ister. Son asamada Padisah'i da aldattiklarini iddia ederek, mesruti yonetimin halk icin neden gerekli oldugu sorusuna cevap vermeye calisir. Olaylari oznel bir bakis acisiyla degerlendiren ancak bizzat tanik oldugu vakalara yer vermesi bakimindan ilk derece kaynaklik degeri olan Kadizade Rifat, elestirel tarih yaziminda onemli bir eser kaleme almis; mesrutiyet elestirisini henuz gorev basindayken carpici bir sekilde dile getirerek doneme ait okunmasi ve incelenmesi gereken bir eser olusturmustur.
Prescribed Fire for Fuel Reduction in Northern Mixed Grass Prairie: Infl uence on Habitat and Populations of Indigenous Wildlife and Future Forest Flammability
Year: 2008

The northern mixed grass prairie is a dynamic, disturbancebased ecosystem. We have learned that rest or lack of periodic disturbance of these grasslands is currently our biggest enemy on public lands. Some of our public lands, such as the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Waterfowl Production Areas, have sometimes been rested for periods of 10 years or more. These rested areas usually have extensive invasions of smooth brome or Kentucky bluegrass.
Association of Ocular Adverse Events With Inactivated COVID 19 Vaccination in Patients in Abu Dhabi.
Venue: JAMA ophthalmology
Year: 2021

As vaccinations against COVID 19 continue, potential ocular adverse events should be reported in detail to increase awareness among the medical community, although typically, a causal relationship cannot be established definitively.  To describe ocular adverse events that occur soon after receiving an inactivated COVID 19 vaccination (Sinopharm) Design, Setting, and Participants This case series took place from September 2020 to January 2021 at Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, a tertiary referral center. Patients who reported ocular adverse events and presented within 15 days from the first of 2 doses of an inactivated COVID 19 vaccine were analyzed.  Each patient underwent Snellen best corrected visual acuity that was then converted to logMAR, applanation tonometry, and biomicroscopic examination with indirect ophthalmoscopy. Color fundus photography was obtained with a conventional 9 field fundus photography camera or with a widefield fundus photography system. Optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomographic angiography images were obtained. Sex, race, age, and clinical data were self reported.  Nine eyes of 7 patients (3 male individuals) presenting with ocular complaints following COVID 19 vaccine were included in the study. The mean (SD) age was 41.4 (9.3) years (range, 30 55 years) the mean best corrected visual acuity was 0.23 logMAR (range, 0 1 logMAR; approximate Snellen equivalent, 20/32) The mean time of ocular adverse event manifestations was 5.2 days (range, 1 10 days) One patient was diagnosed with episcleritis, 2 with anterior scleritis, 2 with acute macular neuroretinopathy, 1 with paracentral acute middle maculopathy, and 1 with subretinal fluid.  In this case series study of 7 patients, the timing of transient and ocular complications 5.2 days after vaccination with an inactivated COVID 19 vaccine supported an association with the ocular findings, but a causal relationship cannot be established from this study design.
Does intraday technical analysis in the U.S. equity market have value
Year: 2008

This paper investigates whether intraday technical analysis is profitable in the U.S. equity market. Surveys of market participants indicate that they place more emphasis on technical analysis (and less on fundamental analysis) the shorter the time horizon; however, the technical analysis literature to date has focused on long term technical trading rules. We find, using two bootstrap methodologies, that none of the 7846 popular technical trading rules we test are profitable after data snooping bias is taken into account. There is no evidence that the market is inefficient over this time horizon.
3D radar imaging using interferometric ISAR
Venue: Defense Security
Year: 2018

Three dimensional radar imaging is becoming increasingly important in modern warfare systems, leading to an increased need for deeper understanding of the 3D scattering behavior of targets as simple as a cylinder, to as complex as a main battle tank or air defense unit. Fully polarimetric, three dimensional radar signature data have been collected using 1/16th scale models of tactical targets in several indoor compact radar ranges, corresponding to data from S band to W band. ISAR image pairs, collected at slightly different elevations, were interferometrically processed into 3D imagery. The data collection, analysis, and 3D visualization methods are presented. Additionally, the results of mathematical 3D correlation are described. A detailed analysis of both measured and predicted 3D radar data on the UMass Lowell nominal rocket simulator target will be presented.
Investigation on tribological characteristics of boron steel 22MnB5 tool steel H13 tribopair at high temperature
Year: 2017

In the background that the quenchable boron steels have been widely used to manufacture body in white by hot stamping because of its ultra high strength, the understanding of frictional characteristics of the boron steel tool steel tribopair at high temperature should be deepened. In this work, the friction behaviors of the tool steel H13 against the boron steel 22MnB5 were investigated at different temperatures, sliding velocities, contact pressures, and lubrication conditions by ring on disc sliding testing. The tribological characteristics were analyzed through scanning electron microscope and confocal laser scanning. The results show the relationship between the friction coefficient and the hot stamping parameters well. The friction coefficient decreases remarkably with the increasing temperature and contact pressure, but sliding velocity has no noticeable influence on the friction coefficient. The wear mechanism also changes with different process parameters and the main mechanism is a combination of adhesive and abrasive wear. Furthermore, MoS2 lubricant can reduce the friction coefficient effectively and protect the die from severe wear.
Using job advertisements to inform curricula design for the key global technical challenges
Venue: 2015 International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET)
Year: 2015

This paper introduces an experiment performed as part of the key global challenges design work package of the European Union funded SALEIE Project. It formally `tests' the value of considering job advertisements in the design of curricula and what employers are seeking in terms of technical, professional and generic skills. It presents the general methodology using results of job advertisements from the renewable energies sector that can be used for comparison against sample Higher Education curricula in the same technical area. A number of jobs advertised on the internet in the area of Solar Photovoltaic (PV) are used as the dataset for this experiment. The full text of each job advertisement has been manually downloaded into NVivo software. Amongst other things, job title and essential or desirable technical/professional and generic skills are coded. These declared essential and desirable technical skills are shown in matrix form across the range of job titles and together both show the required graduate attributes as well as within industry sector career development or progression pathways. Viewed as a sector whole, the analysis also shows those skills that cross sub areas and hence may be better suited to foundation modules within a programme with the skills more specific to a sub discipline being the optional or `programme aligning' modules. The results will help Higher Education develop curricula more aligned to industrial needs and will help different industries see the way skills are expressed in existing curricula. Through these two benefits the qualified graduate supply/demand balance may be improved.
Optimal strategies for biomass productivity maximization in a photobioreactor using natural light
Venue: Autom.
Year: 2014

We address the question of the optimization of the microalgal biomass long term productivity in the framework of production in photobioreactors under the influence of day/night cycles. For that, we propose a simple bioreactor model accounting for light attenuation in the reactor due to biomass density and we obtain the control law that optimizes productivity over a single day through the application of Pontryagin's maximum principle. The dilution rate is the main control, the input concentration being only used as the secondary control to maintain the substrate concentration high. An important constraint on the obtained solution is that the biomass in the reactor should be at the same level at the beginning and at the end of the day so that the same control can be applied everyday and optimizes some form of long term productivity. Several scenarios are possible depending on the microalgae's strain parameters and the maximal admissible value of the dilution rate: bang bang or bang singular bang control or, if the growth rate of the algae is very strong in the presence of light, constant maximal dilution. A bifurcation diagram is presented to illustrate for which values of the parameters these different behaviors occur. Finally, a simple sub optimal bang bang strategy is proposed that numerically achieves productivity levels that almost match those of the optimal strategy.
Analysis on the Dynamic Stress Characteristics of the Unballsted Track Subgrade under Train Loading
Year: 2013

Taking data measured on site as the basis and combining with theoretical analysis and finite element calculation,referring to the situation when loads of a running train were transmitted from unballasted tracks to subgrade surface,the distribution pattern and frequency response characteristics of dynamic stresses and the attenuation law of dynamic stresses along the subgrade depth were investigated.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)Because unballasted tracks possess good load diffusion effect,one loading and unloading cycle of dynamic stresses on subgrade surface is completed by co action of two axle loading of one bogie,and it is simplified into distribution of trapezoids in the longitudinal direction and uniform distribution in the lateral direction;(2)dynamic stresses attenuate slowly along the subgrade depth under two axle loading,and their attenuation rate is decreased to 50% at the bottom of foundation,about 10% more than the measured value;(3)the frequencies of dynamic stresses acting on subgrade surface are excited by train loads and are mainly controlled by vehicle lengths and bogie intervals,the frequency response characteristics corresponding to the bogie pitch are gone,and the maximum acting frequency is 4 times the fundamental frequency generated by the vehicle length.
Video games: good, bad, or other?
Venue: Pediatric clinics of North America
Year: 2012

Video games are a pervasive pastime among children and adolescents. The growing popularity of video games has instigated a debate among parents, researchers, video game producers, and policymakers concerning potential harmful and helpful effects of video games on children. This article provides an overview of research findings on the positive and negative effects of video games, thus providing an empirical answer to the question, are video games good or bad? The article also provides some guidelines to help pediatricians, parents, and other caregivers protect children from negative effects and to maximize positive effects of video games.
A whole genome assembly of the domestic cow, Bos taurus
Venue: Genome Biology
Year: 2009

BackgroundThe genome of the domestic cow, Bos taurus, was sequenced using a mixture of hierarchical and whole genome shotgun sequencing methods.ResultsWe have assembled the 35 million sequence reads and applied a variety of assembly improvement techniques, creating an assembly of 2.86 billion base pairs that has multiple improvements over previous assemblies: it is more complete, covering more of the genome; thousands of gaps have been closed; many erroneous inversions, deletions, and translocations have been corrected; and thousands of single nucleotide errors have been corrected. Our evaluation using independent metrics demonstrates that the resulting assembly is substantially more accurate and complete than alternative versions.ConclusionsBy using independent mapping data and conserved synteny between the cow and human genomes, we were able to construct an assembly with excellent large scale contiguity in which a large majority (approximately 91% of the genome has been placed onto the 30 B. taurus chromosomes. We constructed a new cow human synteny map that expands upon previous maps. We also identified for the first time a portion of the B. taurus Y chromosome.
Remote Sensing Scene Classification with Dual Attention Aware Network
Venue: 2020 IEEE 5th International Conference on Image, Vision and Computing (ICIVC)
Year: 2020

Remote sensing scene classification is of great importance to remote sensing image analysis. Most existing methods based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) fail to discriminate the crucial information from the complex scene content due to the intraclass diversity. In this paper, we propose a dual attention aware network for remote sensing scene classification. Specifically, we use two kinds of attention modules (i.e. channel and spatial attentions) to explore the contextual dependencies from the channel and spatial dimensions respectively. The channel attention module intends to capture the channel wise feature dependencies and further exploit the significant semantic attention. On the other hand, the spatial attention module aims to concentrate the attentive spatial locations and thus discover the discriminative parts inside the scene. The outputs of two attention modules are finally integrated as the attention aware feature representation for improving classification performance. Experimental results on RSSCN7 and AID benchmark datasets show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed methods for scene classification in remote sensing imagery.