nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Validation and analysis of aerosol optical thickness retrieval over land
Year: 2012

Aerosol optical thickness (AOT) retrieval from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data has been well established over oceans, but this is not the case over land. In this article, the AOT data sets retrieved by exploiting the synergy of TERRA and AQUA MODIS data (SYNTAM) over land are validated with ground based measurements from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) data, as well as from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) AOT products, amended with a DeepBlue algorithm in Asian (15 60deg N and 35 150deg E) and American areas (30 40deg N and 100 120deg W) Overall, AOT retrieval errors of around 10 20% against AERONET data are found at both 1 and 10 km resolutions. The spectral and spatial sensitivities of the AOT correlation are explicitly addressed at both 1 and 10 km resolutions. Three window sizes, 1 x 1, 3 x 3 and 5 x 5, are tested for SYNTAM to evaluate the effect of window size on parameter statistics, and it is found that the accuracy of the SYNTAM method decreases with increasing window size. The validations at three spectral bands of 0.47, 0.55 and 0.66 mm show that the accuracies of different bands are 80 90% similar, and that the band at 0.47 mm has the highest accuracy most of the time. Comparisons between AOT data sets derived from the SYNTAM and AOT products from the NASA Dark Dense Vegetation (DDV) and the DeepBlue algorithms are also conducted using data from the USA. More pixels with AOT values for the area could be retrieved using the SYNTAM method with the NASA DeepBlue algorithm. The AOT values of more than 90% of pixels derived by both methods are very close. This clearly shows that AOT data from SYNTAM are very close to the AOT data set from the NASA DeepBlue algorithm in cloud free areas. The synergic use of both the SYNTAM and DeepBlue algorithms could produce AOT values over much greater land areas.
The Papers of George Washington: Presidential Series. Volume 18: 1 April 30 September 1795 ed. by Edward G. Lengel and others (review)
Year: 2016

The Papers of George Washington: Presidential Series. Volume 18: 1 April 30 September 1795. Edited by Edward G. Lengel and others.  Documents within this volume address a variety of political, personal, domestic, and international concerns facing the young nation's first president. Within this volume, Washington and his administration's central concerns are international and diplomatic issues. Although the United States was involved in negotiations with Algiers, Morocco, and Native Americans, arguably tensions with Great Britain were most pressing. Specifically, Washington's administration confronted controversy surrounding the ratification of the 1794 Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation with Great Britain (the Jay Treaty) War between France and Great Britain placed the fledgling United States and its citizens in an unenviable position. Enthusiasm for the French Revolution still prevailed among many Americans, and such passions were only exacerbated by perceived British threats against U.S. interests. Reports of attacks on U.S. ships and impressments contributed to citizens' negative opinions toward the British. Many Americans also feared that such a treaty would harm the United States' relationship with France. Perhaps the volume's most intriguing contribution is how it interweaves Americans' animosity toward the treaty with Washington's thoughts about citizens' protests. Letters contained within this volume depict the passionate protests and meetings opposing the Jay Treaty that swept across the republic. Demonstrations demonized its namesake, U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Jay, and requested the president to refrain from ratifying the controversial agreement. Considering it both their right and their duty to inform Washington that they regarded the treaty as "highly injurious to the commercial Interest of the United States, derogatory to their National honor, and Independence," and "dangerous to the Peace and happiness of their Citizens," residents in Boston, Baltimore, Charleston, Lexington, Savannah, and elsewhere vented their frustrations (p. 327) Washington was well aware of Americans' vehement rejection of the treaty. Throughout the volume, Washington is revealed as a pragmatic leader, cognizant that the treaty had problems, but also recognizing that it accomplished its intended purpose. Aware of citizens' rancor, Washington revealed in his letters an astute concern over divisions and the further disunity that the French could provoke in hopes of threatening ties with Great Britain.
A MIP model for IC final testing order selection problem
Venue: MSV
Year: 2008

A flotation cell featuring a mixing pipe which enters the suspension essentially vertically, follows the point of air intake, and generally receives the entire suspension quantity per flotation cell, the injector of the flotation cell is offset sideways relative to the vertical center axis of the round container cross section and away from the side on which the foam removal opening and the liquid drain opening are located. The mixing pipe (1) enters the suspension only for a distance such that its discharge opening, mouth (2) is located at least at one half the height of the level of the overflow edge (7) of the foam removal channel (8) figured from the container bottom. The liquid drain opening (9) is preferably provided in the immediate vicinity of the container bottom, with a cover plate (11) extending across the length of the flotation cell and forming a drain channel (12) into which proceeds the clean liquid through an upper (14) and a lower (13) slot.
Persuasive Robots Acceptance Model (PRAM) Roles of Social Responses Within the Acceptance Model of Persuasive Robots
Venue: Int. J. Soc. Robotics
Year: 2020

In the last years, there have been rapid developments in social robotics, which bring about the prospect of their application as persuasive robots to support behavior change. In order to guide related developments and pave the way for their adoption, it is important to understand the factors that influence the acceptance of social robots as persuasive agents. This study extends the technology acceptance model by including measures of social responses. The social responses include trusting belief, compliance, liking, and psychological reactance. Using the Wizard of Oz method, a laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate user acceptance and social responses towards a social robot called SociBot. This robot was used as a persuasive agent in making decisions in donating to charities. Using partial least squares method, results showed that trusting beliefs and liking towards the robot significantly add the predictive power of the acceptance model of persuasive robots. However, due to the limitations of the study design, psychological reactance and compliance were not found to contribute to the prediction of persuasive robots' acceptance. Implications for the development of persuasive robots are discussed.
Privacy Protection for Data Driven Smart Manufacturing Systems
Venue: Int. J. Web Serv. Res.
Year: 2017

The Industrial Internet of Things IIoT is a new industrial ecosystem that combines intelligent and autonomous machines, advanced predictive analytics, and machine human collaboration to improve productivity, efficiency and reliability. The integration of industry and IoT creates various attack surfaces and new opportunities for data breaches. In the IIoT context, it will often be the case that data is considered sensitive. This is because data will encapsulate various aspects of industrial operation, including highly sensitive information about products, business strategies, and companies. The transition to more open network architectures and data sharing of IoT poses challenges in manufacturing and industrial markets. The loss of sensitive information can lead to significant business loss and cause reputational damage. In this paper, the authors discuss emerging issues that are related to IIoT data sharing, investigate possible technological solutions to hide sensitive information and discuss some privacy management techniques in smart manufacturing systems.
Lexically Constrained Neural Machine Translation with Levenshtein Transformer
Venue: ACL
Year: 2020

This paper proposes a simple and effective algorithm for incorporating lexical constraints in neural machine translation. Previous work either required re training existing models with the lexical constraints or incorporating them during beam search decoding with significantly higher computational overheads. Leveraging the flexibility and speed of a recently proposed Levenshtein Transformer model (Gu et al. 2019) our method injects terminology constraints at inference time without any impact on decoding speed. Our method does not require any modification to the training procedure and can be easily applied at runtime with custom dictionaries. Experiments on English German WMT datasets show that our approach improves an unconstrained baseline and previous approaches.
On the Relation Between Seriation and Number Line Comprehension A Validation Study
Year: 2012

Seriation refers to the process of ordering objects along single or multiple magnitude dimensions such as length, weight, and color. The ability to order objects in terms of some attribute is essential for the child's understanding of the properties of numbers. This study investigated the effect on seriation performance of increasing both the salient features of the relevant dimension of a seriation task and the number of objects in the series, as well as the predictive value of seriation tasks on number line comprehension. The subjects were 310 children from preschool, kindergarten, and grades 1 and 2. Sixteen seriation tasks were administered along with number line comprehension tasks. The results indicated that 10 to 37 percent of the preschoolers and young kindergarten students were able to construct a correct series of tasks with 6 objects in which the relevant feature was made more salient. A sharp decrease in the seriation performance was observed for these children when the number of objects in the same seriation tasks was increased from 6 to 10. The majority of the children solved the seriation tasks with 6 objects and salient dimensions perfectly. The increase in the number of objects from 6 to 10 produced a decrease in seriation performance varying between 4 and 25 percent. In primary grade 2, all the children were able to perform the different types of seriation tasks correctly. Stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed that a selection of 6 seriation tasks (3 with 6 objects and 3 with 10 objects) predicted a multiple R .86 for performance on the number line comprehension tasks. Adding salient features to the seriation as well as varying the number of objects provided a set of tasks suitable for investigating the development of seriation in preschoolers and kindergarten students.  Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. mein! rout. Ances Office ;Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC/ (This document has been reproduced as received tram the person or organization Originating it. i 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. `4. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. On the Relation Between Seriation and Number Line Comprehension: A Validation Study Welko Tomic The Open University, Heerlen Johannes Kingma University Hospital Groningen The Netherlands PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY Ctz.vc\tc TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Running Head: Seriation/Number Line Comprehension 1 2 BEST COPY AMIABLE Authors' Note This study was supported by grants from the Natural Science and Engineering Council (Grant No. A1235) The Netherlands Organisation for the Advancement of Scientific Research (Grant No. H56 314) and the Open University. Address correspondence and request for reprints to: Welko Tomic, The Open University, P.O. Box 2960, 6401 DL Heerlen, The Netherlands, e mail wto @ouh.nl
End To End Convolutional Neural Network Model for Gear Fault Diagnosis Based on Sound Signals
Year: 2018

Currently gear fault diagnosis is mainly based on vibration signals with a few studies on acoustic signal analysis. However, vibration signal acquisition is limited by its contact measuring while traditional acoustic based gear fault diagnosis relies heavily on prior knowledge of signal processing techniques and diagnostic expertise. In this paper, a novel deep learning based gear fault diagnosis method is proposed based on sound signal analysis. By establishing an end to end convolutional neural network (CNN) the time and frequency domain signals can be fed into the model as raw signals without feature engineering. Moreover, multi channel information from different microphones can also be fused by CNN channels without using an extra fusion algorithm. Our experiment results show that our method achieved much better performance on gear fault diagnosis compared with other traditional gear fault diagnosis methods involving feature engineering. A publicly available sound signal dataset for gear fault diagnosis is also released and can be downloaded as instructed in the conclusion section.
Inspiratie voor innovatie: Eindrapport van het CICI onderzoeksproject
Year: 2018

De bevindingen van het CICI onderzoeksproject zijn samen te vatten in drie hoofdconclusies met betrekking tot de waarde van een creatieve bedrijfsverzamelgebouw (CBV) Het CBV is een context die de creatieve ondernemer stimuleert bij de ontwikkeling van producten en diensten. Het CBV geeft de creatieve ondernemer de kans om te laten zien wie hij/zij is. CBV's zijn essentieel voor een goed werkend ecosysteem van de culturele en creatieve industrie. Het is noodzakelijk dat er betaalbare werkplekken bestaan voor beginnende en groeiende creatieve ondernemers. Het risico bestaat dat het bouwen van een duurzame creatieve industrie door middel van CBV's ten prooi kan vallen aan de groeiende kansen van economische exploitatie van het CBV. CBV's zouden gebaat zijn bij een continuiteitsstrategie waarin men rekening houdt met eventuele verplaatsing naar andere locaties.
DeepSim: Deep similarity for image quality assessment
Venue: Neurocomputing
Year: 2017

This paper studies one interesting problem: how does the deep neural network (DNN) architecture affect the image quality assessment (IQA) performance? In order to find the answer, we propose a novel full reference IQA framework, codenamed deep similarity (DeepSim) In DeepSim, we first measure the local similarities between the features (produced by a DNN model) of the test image and those of the reference image; Afterwards, the local quality indices are gradually pooled together to estimate the overall quality score. In addition, various factors that may affect the IQA performance are investigated. Thorough experiments conducted on standard databases show that: (1) DeepSim can accurately predict human perceived image quality and outperforms previous state of the art; (2) mid level representations are most effective for quality prediction; and (3) preprocessing, the restricted linear units and max pooling operations are beneficial for the IQA performance.
Designing a mHealth clinical decision support system for Parkinson's disease: a theoretically grounded user needs approach
Venue: BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making
Year: 2020

Despite the established evidence and theoretical advances explaining human judgments under uncertainty, developments of mobile health (mHealth) Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) have not explicitly applied the psychology of decision making to the study of user needs. We report on a user needs approach to develop a prototype of a mHealth CDSS for Parkinson's disease (PD) which is theoretically grounded in the psychological literature about expert decision making and judgement under uncertainty.  A suite of user needs studies was conducted in 4 European countries (Greece, Italy, Slovenia, the UK) prior to the development of PD_Manager, a mHealth based CDSS designed for Parkinson's disease, using wireless technology. Study 1 undertook Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) including elicitation of user needs, cognitive demands and perceived risks/benefits (ethical considerations) associated with the proposed CDSS, through structured interviews of prescribing clinicians N 47) Study 2 carried out computational modelling of prescribing clinicians' N 12) decision strategies based on social judgment theory. Study 3 was a vignette study of prescribing clinicians' N 18) willingness to change treatment based on either self reported symptoms data, devices generated symptoms data or combinations of both.  Study 1 indicated that system development should move away from the traditional silos of 'motor' and 'non motor' symptom evaluations and suggest that presenting data on symptoms according to goal based domains would be the most beneficial approach, the most important being patients' overall Quality of Life (QoL) The computational modelling in Study 2 extrapolated different factor combinations when making judgements about different questions. Study 3 indicated that the clinicians were equally likely to change the care plan based on information about the change in the patient's condition from the patient's self report and the wearable devices.  Based on our approach, we could formulate the following principles of mHealth design: 1) enabling shared decision making between the clinician, patient and the carer; 2) flexibility that accounts for diagnostic and treatment variation among clinicians; 3) monitoring of information integration from multiple sources. Our approach highlighted the central importance of the patient clinician relationship in clinical decision making and the relevance of theoretical as opposed to algorithm (technology) based modelling of human judgment.
Rotary mechanical circulatory support systems
Venue: Journal of rehabilitation and assistive technologies engineering
Year: 2017

A detailed survey of the current trends and recent advances in rotary mechanical circulatory support systems is presented in this paper. Rather than clinical reports, the focus is on technological aspects of these rehabilitating devices as a reference for engineers and biomedical researchers. Existing trends in flow regimes, flow control, and bearing mechanisms are summarized. System specifications and applications of the most prominent continuous flow ventricular assistive devices are provided. Based on the flow regime, pumps are categorized as axial flow, centrifugal flow, and mixed flow. Unique characteristics of each system are unveiled through an examination of the structure, bearing mechanism, impeller design, flow rate, and biocompatibility. A discussion on the current limitations is provided to invite more studies and further improvements.
Are zero tolerance policies effective in the schools? an evidentiary review and recommendations.
Venue: The American psychologist
Year: 2008

Although there can be no dispute that schools must do all that can be done to ensure the safety of learning environments, controversy has arisen about the use of zero tolerance policies and procedures to achieve those aims. In response to that controversy, and to assess the extent to which current practice benefits students and schools, the American Psychological Association convened a task force to evaluate the evidence and to make appropriate recommendations regarding zero tolerance policies and practices. An extensive review of the literature found that, despite a 20 year history of implementation, there are surprisingly few data that could directly test the assumptions of a zero tolerance approach to school discipline, and the data that are available tend to contradict those assumptions. Moreover, zero tolerance policies may negatively affect the relationship of education with juvenile justice and appear to conflict to some degree with current best knowledge concerning adolescent development. To address the needs of schools for discipline that can maintain school safety while maximizing student opportunity to learn, the report offers recommendations for both reforming zero tolerance where its implementation is necessary and for alternative practice to replace zero tolerance where a more appropriate approach is indicated.
Evaluation of the potential of classic and electric bicycle commuting as an impetus for the transition towards environmentally sustainable cities: A case study of the university campuses in Liege, Belgium
Year: 2020

To address the negative effects of car use, conventional and electric bicycles are often proposed as environment friendly alternatives. The aim of this research is to identify the prospects of a modal shift towards conventional and electric bicycles based on a case study analysing the mobility generated by the three main campuses of the University of Liege in Belgium. In the theoretical part of this paper, the known factors and strategies that affect most of the bicycle use in Europe are summarised and the need for a deeper understanding of the elements that promote a modal shift from bus and car users to the use of electric bicycles is highlighted. Consequently, the results of a survey conducted among the university population of the University of Liege(students, PhD students, and staff members; including 1496 questionnaire responses)are presented and analysed in detail. The Net Promoter Score (NPS) as an indicator of the user satisfaction, confirms that the bicycle has the best NPS compared with the main modes of transport (car and bus) and that the electric bicyclehas a greater NPS than the conventional bicycle. The importance of many factors affecting the use of cycling is lower if we consider the electric bicycleinstead of the conventional bicycle. Considering the current travel patterns in terms of the distances travelled, the potential for the use of conventional bicycles only reaches 23% of the university users, whereas that of electric bicycles reaches 70% In the pursuit of a modal report, the most imminent factor is the development of safe bike paths, where a potential increase in the bicycle use is acknowledged by 74% of the students, 62% of the staff members, 62% of the car users, and 82% of the bus users. Finally, because the lack of safe cycle lanes remains the major obstacle with respect to the use of both bicycle types, the development and/or improvement of a comfortable and secure infrastructure for cyclists within a radius of 12 km from the main school and work places, especially in the main residential and commercial areas, should be prioritised to promote the use of both types of bicycles.
Frequency spectrum and segregating pattern of chlorophyll mutations in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.
Year: 2017

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L. variety Rama and Tillotoma were exposed to different doses viz. 250, 300, 350, 400 and 450 Gy of gamma rays from Bhaba Atomic Research Centre (BARC) and grown (along with control) during pre kharif 2015 and 2016 as M1 and M2 generation, respectively, at University experimental farm Visva Bharati. The spectrum of chlorophyll mutation observed in M2 generation was found to be quite narrow as only three kinds namely albina, chlorina and xantha occurred in different treatments. Highest mutation frequency of chlorophyll mutations (1.38% was induced at 350Gy for both variety Rama and Tillotoma, however, chlorina types was more frequent (0.93% other than two types. All the three types of chlorophyll mutations segregated in the ratio of 15 normal: 1 mutant (P