nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Towards Efficient and Effective Semantic Table Interpretation
Venue: SEMWEB
Year: 2014

This paper describes TableMiner, the first semantic Table Interpretation method that adopts an incremental, mutually recursive and bootstrapping learning approach seeded by automatically selected 'partial' data from a table. TableMiner labels columns containing named entity mentions with semantic concepts that best describe data in columns, and disambiguates entity content cells in these columns. TableMiner is able to use various types of contextual information outside tables for Table Interpretation, including semantic markups (e.g. RDFa/microdata annotations) that to the best of our knowledge, have never been used in Natural Language Processing tasks. Evaluation on two datasets shows that compared to two baselines, TableMiner consistently obtains the best performance. In the classification task, it achieves significant improvements of between 0.08 and 0.38 F1 depending on different baseline methods; in the disambiguation task, it outperforms both baselines by between 0.19 and 0.37 in Precision on one dataset, and between 0.02 and 0.03 F1 on the other dataset. Observation also shows that the bootstrapping learning approach adopted by TableMiner can potentially deliver computational savings of between 24 and 60% against classic methods that 'exhaustively' processes the entire table content to build features for interpretation.
Global Communication Competence: a Framework of Intercultural Skills Development in Sport and Tourism Higher Education
Year: 2020

The research aims at multi faceted study of global communication competence, which is a vital soft skill for professional development of students, acquiring their degrees in sport and tourism.  Qualitative research methods applied in the research include theoretical analysis of relevant scientific findings, synthesis and modelling, pedagogical observation and evaluation. Quantitative analysis relates to questioning and data processing, in particular, 50 question Intercultural Quiz, conducted among 352 students of NUUPES and NUFT.  The conducted research of global communication competence of the first and fifth year university sport and tourism students shows clear correlation between the level of education and gained global communication expertise, presented by the communicative skills of critical thinking and cooperation. The analysis of statistic data has proved that along with improved self awareness, disciplines more than doubled students' global communication competence within five academic years. In addition to quantitative improvement, the quality of the intercultural communication is enhanced, as essential professional skills are gained in the sphere of students' future occupation. Professional orientation of global communication competence outlines sportive and medical inclination of NUUPES students' higher education, and tourism and hospitality focus of NUFT students' training.  The results of the study have proven that contemporary university students who get degrees in the fields of sport and tourism perceive culturally bound information when attending their on line and off line academic courses and participating in various multicultural events in and outside university setting. In this way they acquire attitudes and values of self awareness and recognition of ethnical diversity. Established values transform into production and result in implementation of culturally aware behaviour, represented by a high level of self evaluation and persuasion abilities directed to effective, yet tolerant way of problem solving and shared responsibility.
Orthogonal Digital Radiographs A Novel Template for a Paediatric Femur Finite Element Model Development
Year: 2015

Surgical treatment options of paediatric femur fracture include flexible or rigid intramedullary nails and submuscular plate fixation. Current computational technology has enabled virtual testing of fracture fixation implants using finite element analysis (FEA) models. Unlike FEA models based on adult femur, limited literature is available for paediatric femur. The aim of the study was to develop and validate a FEA model based on simplified geometry of composite paediatric femur using digital radiographs as a template. The model consisted of two cylinders which intersected at 130 degrees. The first hollow cylinder represented the shaft whilst the second solid cylinder represented head, neck and trochanteric region. Material properties of a composite femur (compressive strength 157 MPa, compressive modulus 16.7 GPa, yield strength 93 MPa, Poisson's ratio 0.26) were used. Simulation testing was performed in SolidWorks to estimate axial, four point bending and torsional stiffness (kFEA) An experimental study was undertaken on 4 femur specimens (kExp) FEA model predicted axial stiffness (kFEA Axial 704.83 N/mm) In comparison mean axial stiffness of the femur specimens measured kExp Axial 667.39 N/mm 73.49) Four point bending stiffness of FEA model measured (kFEA Bending 369.1 N/mm) whereas the mean four point bending stiffness of femur specimens was kExp Bending 353.49 N/mm 16.05) Torsional stiffness in external and internal rotation of FEA model was noted at kFEA Torsion ER 3.49 N m/deg and kFEA Torsion IR 3.49 N m/deg respectively. Mean torsional stiffness of femur specimens measured kExp Torsion ER 3.58( 0.05) N m/deg and kExp Torsion IR 3.48 0.14) N m/deg. Orthogonal digital radiographs can be used as a template to develop a simplified finite element model of paediatric femur. FEA model based on simplified geometry may be used for evaluation of routine stiffness parameters of paediatric femur.
Puberty of crossbred male goat kids
Year: 2013

This study aimed to determine the characteristics of puberty of crossbred goat male kids (Nubian x Saanen) The following puberty characteristics: weaning weight, growth rate, age at complete separation of prepuce from the penis, scrotal circumference at puberty, weight and age at puberty, volume of the first ejaculate, individual and mass motility percent of semen, abnormal morphology spermatozoa and the concentration of spermatozoa, were evaluated. Furthermore, the correlation between body weight at birth and body weight at puberty, ejaculation volume and scrotal circumference and the age of puberty and scrotal circumference were also studied. Eight single born male kids (Saanen x Nubian) were used in this experiment. Their mean weight at birth was 3.80 0.14 kg. The puberty characteristics were as follow: the average of weaning weight was 14.4 0.73 kg, growth rate 82.9 0.83 gm/day, age at complete separation of prepuce from the penis 16.3 0.33 week, puberty age 30 0.30 week with a mean body weight of 22.38 0.94 kg and an average scrotal circumference of 23.4 0.83 cm. The ejaculate volume, mass motility, individual motility percentage, the percent of live sperms, sperm cell concentration and the percentage of sperms with abnormal morphology were 0.68 0.05 ml, 3.60, 76.30 3.41% 87.30 1.63% 2.8 x 10 and 5.7 0.71% respectively. The correlation between the weight at birth and the weight at puberty was weak (R=0.076) but the correlation between scrotal circumference and the ejaculate volume was significant (R=0.36) No correlation between the age at puberty and the scrotal circumference (R=0.009) was found. Considering all the reported results of pubertal characteristics of goat male kids, it is concluded that the crossbred goat male kids attain puberty earlier and their growth rate is higher. Furthermore, the volume of their first ejaculated semen is directly correlated to scrotal circumference.
Wearables technology for drug abuse detection: A survey of recent advancement
Venue: Smart Health
Year: 2019

Wearable sensors have gathered tremendous interest for a plethora of applications, yet there is a void of robust and accurate wearable systems for reliable drug monitoring. Wearables can be found in many different form factors and physiologic monitoring capabilities. Due to their compact size, wearables can easily adjust to various computer and accessibility requirements for a wide range of applications. Recent work has demonstrated the feasibility wearable sensors to non invasively detect drugs, specifically drugs of abuse. This review highlights the recent development of wearables for continuous drug monitoring. The article presents a comprehensive survey and classification of different methods, research prototypes and commercially available devices. For each method we review the pros and cons, characteristics that promote flexibility, scalability, real time applications, and eventually autonomous system architecture.
The occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil and root of medicinal plants in Bu Ali Sina garden in Hamadan, Iran
Year: 2017

The study of symbiotic relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and medicinal plants is very important. Information about the symbiosis of medicinal plant species with AMF in the semi arid regions of Iran is rare. This information allows increasing knowledge of the biology and ecology of these plant species.  The existence of AM symbiosis in 48 medicinal plant species (belonging to 9 families) was studied by root staining. Soil around the root of each species was sampled and analyzed for all soil properties which may be interrelated to AM symbiosis. The importance of different soil properties in AMF and plant biological relationship and the dependency of root colonization and spore formation by AMF on soil properties were statistically analyzed.  Among them Lepidium sativum, Brassica oleracea, Cheiranthus cheiri, Beta vulgaris, Spinacia oleracea, Malva sylvestris, Zygophyllum fabago, Arctium Lappa have not been colonized by AM fungi. Colonization and spore density of perennial plants were slightly higher than those of annual plants and were varied among different plant families. Soil texture and available phosphorous were the most important soil properties affecting fungal root colonization and spore numbers.  Although in accordance with other researches, most of the medicinal plants from Brassicaceae family had no mycorrhizal symbiosis, a few of them had this type of symbiosis. Dependency of spore formation by AM fungi on soil properties was higher than dependency of root colonization percentage on soil properties. Increasing root colonization and spore numbers with increasing the percentage of sand and decreasing the percentage of clay and available phosphorous in soils show that plants are more depended on mycorrhizal symbiosis in hard environments and less productive soils.
Regret Minimization in Games with Incomplete Information
Venue: NIPS
Year: 2007

Extensive games are a powerful model of multiagent decision making scenarios with incomplete information. Finding a Nash equilibrium for very large instances of these games has received a great deal of recent attention. In this paper, we describe a new technique for solving large games based on regret minimization. In particular, we introduce the notion of counterfactual regret, which exploits the degree of incomplete information in an extensive game. We show how minimizing counterfactual regret minimizes overall regret, and therefore in self play can be used to compute a Nash equilibrium. We demonstrate this technique in the domain of poker, showing we can solve abstractions of limit Texas Hold'em with as many as 1012 states, two orders of magnitude larger than previous methods.
The Effectiveness of a Formal Physical Education Curriculum on the Physical Ability of Children in a Preschool Context
Year: 2018

Studies have pointed to the benefits of physical activity (PA) yet the level of PA participation among preschoolers is low. This in turn could have resulted in the limited research literature on the PA level or physical education curriculum (PEC) of preschool children. Those reviewed here are mostly from countries in the West, as those from Asia are unavailable. To fill this gap, the present study was carried out to investigate the effectiveness of a formal PEC on the physical ability of a sample of five year old children from several preschools in Singapore. Using a Physical Ability Assessment (PAA) tool with five variables, a pre test/post test quasi experimental design was used to measure the effectiveness of the PEC with control and experimental groups for the comparative analysis. The results of the PAA are presented and the implications from the findings and analysis are discussed.
Yerel Politikalarin Sekillenmesinde Dijital Demokrasi Uygulamasi Olarak Antalya Muratpasa Belediyesi Komsu Meclisi
Year: 2020

Insanlik tarihi buyuk bir degisim ve donusum donemine taniklik etmektedir. Yasamin her alaninda dijital teknolojilerin, yapay zekanin, yazilim dilinin yarattigi degisim hissedilmektedir. Ozellikle demokratik yonetim anlayisini temsil eden ve toplum icin hizmet ureten kurumlarin bu degisimin disinda kalmasi dusunulemez. Vatandasa en yakin hizmet veren kurulus olan ve demokrasilerin ayrilmaz bir parcasi konumundaki yerel yonetimler de yasanan bu degisimi daha guclu, daha katilimci, biz duygusunu gelistiren, ortak yasami kolaylastiran demokratik bir yasam icin firsat olarak degerlendirmektedir. Antalya Muratpasa Belediyesi tarafindan Turkiye'nin ilk dijital demokrasi platformu olarak lanse edilen "Komsu Meclisi" uygulamasi da mumkun olan en yuksek teknolojiyi kullanarak, daha katilimci bir kent yonetimini, vatandaslarin en ust duzeyde kendini ait hissedebilecegi bir kamusal alan ve kamusal birlikteligi ve yerel yonetimlere guveni amac edinen bir platform olarak kurgulanmistir. Calismada ilk olarak yerel yonetimler kavrami ele alinmis, daha sonra yerel yonetimlerin aldigi kararlar butunu olarak da tanimlanan yerel politika kavramina deginilmis, yerel politikanin uygulama alanlarindan biri olan yerel demokrasi ve Turkiye'de yerel demokrasi konulari irdelenmistir. Son olarak da Antalya Muratpasa Belediyesinden alinan veriler ve bilgiler isiginda Turkiye'nin ilk dijital demokrasi platformu olarak tanitilan "Komsu Meclisi" uygulamasi tum hatlariyla incelenerek, degerlendirilmistir.
Image Object Detection Algorithm Based on Improved Gaussian Mixture Model
Venue: J. Multim.
Year: 2014

Aiming at poor adaptability to illumination variation and single learning rate in traditional Gaussian mixture model, an improved moving object detection algorithm based on adaptive Gaussian mixture model is proposed in this paper, so as to achieve the goal of a self adaptive background updating model. In this paper, we analyze the existed algorithms and put forward the method to make use of color histogram matching algorithm, through introduction of illumination variation factor and update counter of model parameter and the components number with self adaptive selection employed to adaptively adjust learning rate, in order to greatly reduce the computation time of the algorithm and improve the real time performance. The experiment results show that the new method can effectively adapt the scene, and has more good expansibility, robustness and stability than traditional Gaussian mixture model.
Similarity between mutation spectra in hypermutated genomes of rubella virus and in SARS CoV 2 genomes accumulated during the COVID 19 pandemic
Venue: PloS one
Year: 2020

Genomes of tens of thousands of SARS CoV2 isolates have been sequenced across the world and the total number of changes (predominantly single base substitutions) in these isolates exceeds ten thousand. We compared the mutational spectrum in the new SARS CoV 2 mutation dataset with the previously published mutation spectrum in hypermutated genomes of rubella another positive single stranded (ss) RNA virus. Each of the rubella virus isolates arose by accumulation of hundreds of mutations during propagation in a single subject, while SARS CoV 2 mutation spectrum represents a collection events in multiple virus isolates from individuals across the world. We found a clear similarity between the spectra of single base substitutions in rubella and in SARS CoV 2, with C to U as well as A to G and U to C being the most prominent in plus strand genomic RNA of each virus. Of those, U to C changes universally showed preference for loops versus stems in predicted RNA secondary structure. Similarly, to what was previously reported for rubella virus, C to U changes showed enrichment in the uCn motif, which suggested a subclass of APOBEC cytidine deaminase being a source of these substitutions. We also found enrichment of several other trinucleotide centered mutation motifs only in SARS CoV 2 likely indicative of a mutation process characteristic to this virus. Altogether, the results of this analysis suggest that the mutation mechanisms that lead to hypermutation of the rubella vaccine virus in a rare pathological condition may also operate in the background of the SARS CoV 2 viruses currently propagating in the human population.
Effect of ZnSO4 fertilizer on soil chemical properties, performance and proximate quality of sweet potato in a derived savanna ecology of Nigeria
Year: 2018

Micro nutrients especially zinc can not only increase the yield of sweet potato but can also improve the quality of tubers. Hence, experiments were carried out in 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons to determine the impact of various levels of ZnSO4 fertilizer on soil chemical properties, foliage and storage root yields and proximate qualities of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. The experiments consisted of 5 levels (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 kg ha 1) of ZnSO4 fertilizer. These were arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. ZnSO4 increased (with the exception of P) soil chemical properties compared with the control. N, K, Ca, Mg and Zn were increased up to the 20 kg ha 1 ZnSO4 level in both years. ZnSO4 reduced P concentrations in soil as the level increased. For sweet potato performance, 5 kg ha 1 ZnSO4 fertilizer had the highest values of foliage yield (vine length and vine weight) and storage root yield. Using the mean of the two years and compared with the control, ZnSO4 fertilizer at 5 kg ha 1 increased storage root yield of sweet potato by 17.4% On fitting the mean storage root yield data of the two years with a cubic equation, the optimum rate of Zn for sweet potato was found to be 3.9 kg ha 1 to achieve the maximum sweet potato yield. In this study, relative to the control, ZnSO4 fertilizer increased moisture and decreased the fibre contents of sweet potato. There were no consistent patterns of variation between the 5, 10, 15 and 20 kg ha 1 ZnSO4 treatments for proximate qualities except that the highest values of fat, protein, carbohydrate and ash was at 5 kg ha 1 ZnSO4.
Korean ESL Refusals in Face to Face Interaction
Year: 2010

The present study explores Korean ESL speakers' face to face refusal negotiations over a high imposition request at two proficiency levels. The findings indicate that increasing L2 proficiency and length of residence in the L2 community obviously enhances Korean ESL speakers' pragmatic competence, as is demonstrated by marked differences in refusal performance between the two groups, low proficient and high proficient. The data collected by face to face negotiations exhibit dynamic interactional features, which allow proficiency effect to emerge in the low proficient group's refusal performance. Meanwhile, the high proficient group does not replicate native like refusal formulas, although they can access refusal strategies native speakers use. Instead, they select and arrange the formulas in a different distribution, following their favored track. Regarding how L2 proficiency or length of residence in the L2 community influences pragmatic transfer, the present study displays a complex picture. In terms of native like immediacy in response to the request, negative pragmatic transfer diminishes with increasing length of residence in the L2 community, although this tendency involves individual differences. On the other hand, negative pragmatic transfer of L1 socio cultural norms and sentiments prevails in the high proficient group's refusal performance, thereby contributing to divergence from native like refusal strategies.
MEANTIME, the NewsReader Multilingual Event and Time Corpus
Venue: LREC
Year: 2016

In this paper, we present the NewsReader MEANTIME corpus, a semantically annotated corpus of Wikinews articles. The corpus consists of 480 news articles, i.e. 120 English news articles and their translations in Spanish, Italian, and Dutch. MEANTIME contains annotations at different levels. The document level annotation includes markables (e.g. entity mentions, event mentions, time expressions, and numerical expressions) relations between markables (modeling, for example, temporal information and semantic role labeling) and entity and event intra document coreference. The corpus level annotation includes entity and event cross document coreference. Semantic annotation on the English section was performed manually; for the annotation in Italian, Spanish, and (partially) Dutch, a procedure was devised to automatically project the annotations on the English texts onto the translated texts, based on the manual alignment of the annotated elements; this enabled us not only to speed up the annotation process but also provided cross lingual coreference. The English section of the corpus was extended with timeline annotations for the SemEval 2015 TimeLine shared task. The First CLIN Dutch Shared Task at CLIN26 was based on the Dutch section, while the EVALITA 2016 FactA (Event Factuality Annotation) shared task, based on the Italian section, is currently being organized