nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Dominant Sequence Paradigm and Role of Dynamic Contrast enhanced Imaging in PI RADS Version 2.
Venue: Radiology
Year: 2017

To validate the dominant pulse sequence paradigm and limited role of dynamic contrast material enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI RADS) version 2 for prostate multiparametric MR imaging by using data from a multireader study.  This HIPAA compliant retrospective interpretation of prospectively acquired data was approved by the local ethics committee. Patients were treatment naive with endorectal coil 3 T multiparametric MR imaging. A total of 163 patients were evaluated, 110 with prostatectomy after multiparametric MR imaging and 53 with negative multiparametric MR imaging and systematic biopsy findings. Nine radiologists participated in this study and interpreted images in 58 patients, on average (range, 56 60 patients) Lesions were detected with PI RADS version 2 and were compared with whole mount prostatectomy findings. Probability of cancer detection for overall, T2 weighted, and diffusion weighted (DW) imaging PI RADS scores was calculated in the peripheral zone (PZ) and transition zone (TZ) by using generalized estimating equations. To determine dominant pulse sequence and benefit of dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) imaging, odds ratios (ORs) were calculated as the ratio of odds of cancer of two consecutive scores by logistic regression.  A total of 654 lesions (420 in the PZ) were detected. The probability of cancer detection for PI RADS category 2, 3, 4, and 5 lesions was 15.7% 33.1% 70.5% and 90.7% respectively. DW imaging outperformed T2 weighted imaging in the PZ (OR, 3.49 vs 2.45; P .008) T2 weighted imaging performed better but did not clearly outperform DW imaging in the TZ (OR, 4.79 vs 3.77; P .494) Lesions classified as PI RADS category 3 at DW MR imaging and as positive at DCE imaging in the PZ showed a higher probability of cancer detection than did DCE negative PI RADS category 3 lesions (67.8% vs 40.0% P .02) The addition of DCE imaging to DW imaging in the PZ was beneficial (OR, 2.0; P .027) with an increase in the probability of cancer detection of 15.7% 16.0% and 9.2% for PI RADS category 2, 3, and 4 lesions, respectively.  DW imaging outperforms T2 weighted imaging in the PZ; T2 weighted imaging did not show a significant difference when compared with DW imaging in the TZ by PI RADS version 2 criteria. The addition of DCE imaging to DW imaging scores in the PZ yields meaningful improvements in probability of cancer detection. (c) RSNA, 2017 An earlier incorrect version of this article appeared online. This article was corrected on July 27, 2017. Online supplemental material is available for this article.
A literature review of the Dutch debate on the nurse practitioner role: efficiency vs. professional development.
Venue: International nursing review
Year: 2014

To explore the debate on the development of the nurse practitioner profession in the Netherlands.  In the Netherlands, the positives and negatives of nurse practitioners working in the medical domain have been debated since the role was introduced in 1997. The outcome of the debate is crucial for nurse practitioners' professional development and society's justification of their tasks.  Review of 14 policy documents, 35 opinion papers from nurses, 363 opinion articles from physicians and 24 Dutch research papers concerning nurse practitioners from 1995 to 2012.  Two discourses were revealed: one related to efficiency and one to the development of the profession. In both, the nurse practitioner role was presented as a solution for healthcare and workforce problems, while arguments differed. The efficiency discourse seemed most influential. Opinions of nurse practitioners were underrepresented; taking up new responsibilities was driven by the wish to improve patient care. While most physicians were willing to delegate tasks to nurse practitioners, they wished to retain final responsibility for medical care.  This may have led to some selectivity.  The case of the Netherlands shows that nurses in developing their advanced role are facing barriers, similar to those in other countries. The dominance of efficiency arguments combined with protection of medical autonomy undermines the development towards nursing care that really benefits patients.  Nurse practitioners should aim to become members of influential healthcare Boards in their countries, in which they can raise their voices and be involved in policy making.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on Occupational Health and Safety, Worker's Compensation and Labor Conditions
Venue: Safety and health at work
Year: 2019

The "fourth industrial revolution" (FIR) is an age of advanced technology based on information and communication. FIR has a more powerful impact on the economy than in the past. However, the prospects for the labor environment are uncertain. The purpose of this study is to anticipate and prepare for occupational health and safety (OHS) issues. In FIR, nonstandard employment will be common. As a result, it is difficult to receive OHS services and compensation. Excessive trust in new technologies can lead to large scale or new forms of accidents. Global business networks will cause destruction of workers' biorhythms, some cancers, overwork, and task complexity. The social disconnection because of an independent work will be a risk for worker's mental health. The union bonds will weaken, and it will be difficult to apply standardized OHS regulations to multinational enterprises. To cope with the new OHS issues, we need to establish new concepts of "decent work" and standardize regulations, which apply to enterprises in each country, develop public health as an OHS service, monitor emerging OHS events and networks among independent workers, and nurture experts who are responsible for new OHS issues.
Teaching Chinese as a second or foreign language to non Chinese learners in mainland China (2014 2018)
Venue: Language Teaching
Year: 2020

This review involved 60 articles chosen from 336 empirical studies identified in five leading journals on the learning and teaching of Chinese as a second or foreign language in mainland China during the period 2014 2018. The selected studies document Chinese researchers' efforts to improve the teaching and learning of the Chinese language in terms of language pedagogy, language learning and teacher development. We contend that these studies on the teaching and learning of Chinese as a second or foreign language (CSL/CFL) can contribute to the advancement of second/foreign language education theories even though they were largely conducted to address local needs and interests in the Chinese context. Unfortunately, the impact of these studies on international language education research and pedagogical development remains limited and peripheral. For this reason, this review concludes with recommendations for Chinese researchers and journal editors in the field of Chinese language teaching and learning research on how to promote quality empirical research and enhance their contributions to second/foreign language education research.
Protein Engineered Coagulation Factors for Hemophilia Gene Therapy
Venue: Molecular therapy. Methods clinical development
Year: 2019

Hemophilia A (HA) and hemophilia B (HB) are X linked bleeding disorders due to inheritable deficiencies in either coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) or factor IX (FIX) respectively. Recently, gene therapy clinical trials with adeno associated virus (AAV) vectors and protein engineered transgenes, B domain deleted (BDD) FVIII and FIX Padua, have reported near phenotypic cures in subjects with HA and HB, respectively. Here, we review the biology and the clinical development of FVIII BDD and FIX Padua as transgenes. We also examine alternative bioengineering strategies for FVIII and FIX, as well as the immunological challenges of these approaches. Other engineered proteins and their potential use in gene therapy for hemophilia with inhibitors are also discussed. Continued advancement of gene therapy for HA and HB using protein engineered transgenes has the potential to alleviate the substantial medical and psychosocial burdens of the disease.
The aluminium industry: A review on state of the art technologies, environmental impacts and possibilities for waste heat recovery
Year: 2020

Aluminium is becoming more frequently used across industries due to its beneficial properties, generally within an alloyed form. This paper outlines the entire production process of aluminium from ore to the finished metallic alloy product. In addition, the article looks at the current state of the art technologies used in each discrete process step. Particular interest is directed towards casting technologies and secondary recycling as the relative proportion of recycled aluminium is increasing dramatically and aluminium is much more energy efficient to recycle than to produce through primary methods. Future developments within the industries are discussed, in particular inert anode technology. Aluminium production is responsible for a large environmental impact and the gaseous emissions and solid residue by products are discussed. In addition to the environmental impact, the industry is highly energy intensive and releases a large proportion of energy to atmosphere in the form of waste heat. One method of reducing energy consumption and decreasing the environmental impact of emissions is by installing waste heat recovery technology. Applied methods to reduce energy consumption are examined, with a latter focus on potential applications within the industry for waste heat recovery technologies.
An application of model predictive control logic to inertial sea wave energy converter
Year: 2019

During the last years, considerable progress has been reached in energy research field focused on the renewable energy extraction technologies. In particular wave energy is one of the most important branches. Among the possibility, the Inertial Sea Wave Energy Converter (ISWEC) is one of the most promising technology. This work was divided in two parts: firstly, the ISWEC model was created in order to predict the behavior of the system with accuracy to assure the correct functionality of the plant; then ISWEC model was applied to develop the Model Predictive control algorithm (MPC) All the work was developed for a three degrees of freedom system, considering the correlation between the horizontal movement, the vertical movement and the rotation, called surge, heave and pitch respectively. This correlation was important to improve the power extraction. The aim of this work is to design a controller that allow the automatic set the control value with the aim to extract the maximum power without an external prediction of the wave forces and regarding the input constraints due to components mechanical limits.
Relationship Between Hematoma Expansion Induced by Hypertension and Hyperglycemia and Blood brain Barrier Disruption in Mice and Its Possible Mechanism: Role of Aquaporin 4 and Connexin43
Venue: Neuroscience Bulletin
Year: 2020

We aimed to select an optimized hematoma expansion (HE) model and investigate the possible mechanism of blood brain barrier (BBB) damage in mice. The results showed that HE occurred in the group with hypertension combined with hyperglycemia (HH HE) from 3 to 72 h after intracerebral hemorrhage; this was accompanied by neurological deficits and hardly influenced the survival rate. The receiver operating characteristic curve suggested the criterion for this model was hematoma volume expansion 45.0% Meanwhile, HH HE aggravated BBB disruption. A protector of the BBB reduced HH HE, while a BBB disruptor induced a further HH HE. Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) knock out led to larger hematoma volume and more severe BBB disruption. Furthermore, hematoma volume and BBB disruption were reduced by multiple connexin43 (Cx43) inhibitors in the wild type group but not in the AQP4 knock out group. In conclusion, the optimized HE model is induced by hypertension and hyperglycemia with the criterion of hematoma volume expanding 45.0% HH HE leads to BBB disruption, which is dependent on AQP4 and Cx43.
Hyperandrogenism Accompanies Increased Intra Abdominal Fat Storage in Normal Weight Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women.
Venue: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
Year: 2016

Normal weight polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women may have altered adipose structure function underlying metabolic dysfunction.  This study examines whether adipose structure functional changes exist in normal weight PCOS women and correlate with hyperandrogenism and/or hyperinsulinemia.  This is a prospective cohort study.  The setting was an academic medical center.  Six normal weight PCOS women and 14 age and body mass index matched normoandrogenic ovulatory (NL) women were included. INTERVENTION(S) All women underwent circulating hormone and metabolic measurements; frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance testing; total body dual energy x ray absorptiometry; abdominal magnetic resonance imaging; and SC abdominal fat biopsy.  Circulating hormones and metabolites, body fat and its distribution, and adipocyte size were compared between PCOS and NL women, and were correlated with each other in all women.  Circulating LH and androgen levels were significantly greater in PCOS than NL women, as were fasting insulin levels, pancreatic b cell responsiveness to glucose, and total abdominal fat mass. Intra abdominal fat mass also was significantly increased in PCOS women and was positively correlated with circulating androgen, fasting insulin, triglyceride, and non high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in all women. SC abdominal fat mass was not significantly increased in PCOS women, but contained a greater proportion of small SC abdominal adipocytes that positively correlated with serum androgen levels in all women.  Hyperandrogenism in normal weight PCOS women is associated with preferential intra abdominal fat deposition and an increased population of small SC abdominal adipocytes that could constrain SC adipose storage and promote metabolic dysfunction.
Production method of high activity nattokinase and natto powder
Year: 2011

The invention relates to the technical field of bioengineering and food processing, particularly uses an optimized culture medium composition, carries out culture by using the classic deep fermentation technology, and performs spray drying in the protection of protein to obtain high enzyme activity high cell concentration natto powder. The method has the characteristics of cheap and easily accessible raw materials, and simple and feasible production process. The product can be used as foods for special dietary uses, functional food, health food and functional raw materials of pharmaceutical intermediates.
Data Traffic Modeling in RPAS/UAV Networks with Different Architectures
Year: 2021

Deploying of Fifth Generation and Beyond Fifth Generation (5G/B5G) wireless networks will require wider coverage, flexible connectivity, low latency, support for a large number of user devices, and more bandwidth. This article explores the paradigm that Remotely Piloted Air Systems (RPASs) or Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are integrated as a communication platform with cellular networks using radio access. It is important to know the possibilities and ways of such integration for effective interaction with RPASs. This paper studies the issues of ensuring the required Quality of Service (QoS) during heavy traffic and the choice of necessary data transmission modes for this. Models of RPAS communication channels with different architectures were created. The relationships between models' performance and traffic parameters were obtained using the NetCracker Professional 4.1 software. The dependencies of the Average Utilization (AU) on the Transaction Size (TS) were analyzed. The effects of different bandwidths and the Bit Error Rate (BER) were studied. The traffic characteristics in all models were compared.
Intercultural Sensitivity among Healthcare Professionals Working with Refugees and Migrants in Greece: A Cross Sectional Study
Year: 2021

Healthcare professionals in Greece face new challenges regarding the provision of healthcare services to newly arrived refugees and migrants. One of these challenges is connected to the cultural differences between healthcare professionals and their clients. Intercultural sensitivity is an important aspect and prerequisite for effective communication. The current study aimed to explore the intercultural sensitivity (IS) among healthcare professionals who provide services to migrants and refugees in Greece  In this descriptive study, a convenience sample of 185 healthcare professionals participated. Personal and work related characteristics and the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (ISS) were analyzed.  Results showed high levels of total intercultural sensitivity score. Significant differences were revealed among participants' professional background, length of working experience, age, working experience abroad, familiarity with intercultural health, and frequency of contact with migrants and refugees.  Further research in exploring the needs of healthcare professionals and tailoring training interventions is needed. Furthermore, training programs for cultural sensitivity should be continuously available for healthcare professionals.
Dynamic Small Cell Clustering and Non Cooperative Game Based Precoding Design for Two Tier Heterogeneous Networks With Massive MIMO
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Communications
Year: 2018

In this paper, we investigate the dynamic small cell (SC) clustering strategy and their precoding design problem for interference coordination in two tier heterogeneous networks (HetNets) with massive MIMO (mMIMO) To reduce interference among different SCs, an interference graph based dynamic SC clustering scheme is proposed. Based on this, we formulate an optimization problem as design precoding weights at macro base station (MBS) and clustered SCs for maximizing the downlink sum rate of SC users (SUs) subject to the power constraint of each SC BS (SBS) while mitigating inter cluster, eliminating inter tier, intra cluster and multi macro user (MU) interference. To eliminate the inter tier and multi MU interference simultaneously, we propose a clustered SC block diagonalization precoding scheme for the MBS. Next, each SU's precoding vector at clustered SCs is designed as the product of the following two parts. The first part is designed with singular value decomposition to remove the intra cluster interference. The second part is designed to coordinate the inter cluster interference for maximizing the downlink sum rate of SUs, which is a non convex optimization problem and difficult to solve directly. A non cooperative game based distributed algorithm is proposed to obtain a suboptimal solution. Meanwhile, we prove the existence and uniqueness of Nash equilibrium for the formed game. Finally, simulation results verify the effectiveness of our proposed schemes.
A novel method for rapid in vivo induction of homogeneous polyploids via calluses in a woody fruit tree (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.
Venue: Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC)
Year: 2015

Conventional approaches to the polyploid breeding of fruit trees are severely limited by the unavoidable problem of mixoploidy. This is caused because the traditional approach to inducing polyploidization is the application of anti mitotic agents like colchicines to organs, such as apical or axillary buds, which prevents the doubling of chromosomes in some cells of the organs. To overcome this challenge, we first developed a mixoploid free in vivo autopolyploid induction system in the Chinese jujube tree (Ziziphus jujuba Mill. by integrating in vivo bud regeneration via calluses with polyploid induction. The novel system included three steps: field callus induction, callus cell polyploidization, and shoot regeneration from a chromosome duplicated callus cell. We used the following optimized approach. First, strong branches of 15 25 mm in diameter were chosen and clipped. Second, the cambium of the cut sections was treated with 4 mg/L thidiazuron +2 mg/L AgNO3 for 14 h to induce calluses and buds, and the cut sections were then covered with humid mud and plastic film. Third, 3 days later, the calluses newly initiated from the cambium were treated with 0.05 colchicine dissolved in 1 dimethylsulphoxide. Fourth, the coverings were removed after regenerated shoots reached a length of 2 cm. Finally, the ploidy and purity of the new shoots were checked with flow cytometry. On the tetraploid shoots, leaves were thicker, broader and darker in appearance compared to diploid leaves. However, leaf size became much smaller on octoploid shoots. The size of stoma increased and their densities decreased in response to the increase in ploidy. In addition, we established a simple, stepwise approach for morphological polyploid determination that was able to distinguish among diploid, tetraploid, octoploid and mixoploid individuals with high accuracy. Based on morphological and anatomical observations, the buds regenerated from calluses can be classified into somatic embryo derived buds and adventitious buds, with adventitious buds being the main route of regeneration.
Radiation of the Olenekian (Early Triassic) bivalves: evidence from the Ciscaucasus
Year: 2017

Bivalves were involved into the recovery after the end Permian mass extinction. This recovery intensified in the Olenekian stage of the Early Triassic epoch. The exceptionally detailed record of the Olenekian bivalves (26 species belonging to 13 genera) from the Central Eastern Ciscaucasus (Scythian Platform, southwestern Russia) permits reconstruction of their diversity dynamics. The total number of species and genera, the number of appearances and disappearances, and the turnover rate are calculated on the basis of information about the presence of bivalve taxa in four successive assemblages. From the latter, one assemblage is Early Olenekian (Smithian) and three assemblages are Late Olenekian (Spathian) It is established that the first pulse of the radiation took place in the beginning of the Spathian, which coincided with a total turnover in the species composition of the assemblages. Later, the diversity of species remained the same and rose again near the end of the stage (the second pulse of radiation) in contrast, the diversity of genera decreased slightly and stabilized. The Olenekian radiation of bivalves was stronger in the Central Eastern Ciscaucasus than globally because of the regional establishment of more favourable palaeoenvironments in the Spathian. The first pulse of this radiation occurred later than in the Southern Alps. The idea of the end Smithian global event (CO2 injection and climate change) is inconsistent with the strong early Spathian radiation documented in the study region, although the mid Spathian interruption of the radiation can be related hypothetically to the influence of this event.