nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Murray Darling Basin environmental water knowledge and research project: Food webs theme research report
Year: 2020

The research conducted by the MDB EWKR Waterbird Theme has produced new information to assist managers to better target water, vegetation and waterbird management to ensure 'event readiness' at sites between flooding events and to maximise recruitment. Maximising recruitment into the adult population depends on optimising the number of birds that nest, the number of chicks that fledge from each site, and the survival of those birds as juveniles, sub adults and breeding adults. Information is needed quantifying these variables and what affects them however the mobility of waterbirds and lack of information on their movements makes this difficult. Therefore, the MDB EWKR Waterbird Theme research activities included: detailed movement and habitat use studies of individual birds over the duration of the EWKR project using tracking devices (satellite GPS transmitters) motion sensing and time lapse camera nest monitoring; on ground tagged nest and water depth monitoring; colony mapping; analysis of chick diet and energy sources; and modelling of chick energy requirements.
A phase based motion estimation technique for mouse cardiac function using monogenic signal and high resolution ultrasound
Venue: 2013 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS)
Year: 2013

Regional tissue motion estimation using medical ultrasound images is an important first step in solving many problems with significant clinical applications that include non invasive assessments of myocardial function in echocardiography. Many existing techniques for estimating motion are based on block matching using B mode image intensity, and phase information is often neglected. In digital image processing, it is widely accepted that the information carried in the image phase is more important than information carried by its amplitude. In this work, we implemented a phase based tracking technique using the monogenic signal to estimate cardiac motion in both synthetic and in vivo mouse heart data. In vivo mouse heart data were acquired with a 30MHz transducer array and synthetic data were simulated with Field II using comparable parameters. The tracking results were compared with a reference speckle tracking analysis method: minimum sum of absolute different (MSAD) The tracking errors for in vivo mouse heart data were 5.3+ 1.6% and 7.1+ 2.1% for phase based and MSAD, respectively. Phase based displacement estimation via monogenic signal is an improved alternative to conventional block matching techniques as it makes use of image signal phase information. Phase based motion tracking using the monogenic signal is accurate and computationally inexpensive.
Understanding the Usage of Anonymous Onion Services: Empirical Experiments to Study Criminal Activities in the Tor Network
Year: 2019

Technology is the new host of life, and with each passing year, developments in digitalization make it easier to destroy our understanding of authenticity. A man is more than his distorted shadow on Facebook wall. Another essential shadow dwells under anonymity. The aim of this thesis is to understand the usage of onion services in the Tor anonymity network. To be more precise the aim is to discover and measure human activities on Tor and on anonymous onion websites. We establish novel facts in the anonymous online environment. We solve technical problems, such as web crawling and scraping to gather data. We represent new findings on how onion services hide illegal activities. The results are merged with wider range of anonymous onion services usage. We selected to cast light to the criminal dark side of the Tor network, mainly black marketplaces and hacking. This is a somewhat factitious selection from the wide range of Tor use. However, an archetype villain is found in nearly every story so naturally, for the sake of being interesting, we selected criminal phenomenon to study. To be clear, the Tor network is developed and utilised for legal online privacy and several other essential ways. The first finding is that as the Tor network becomes more popular also illegal activities become wide spread. Tor and virtual currencies are already transforming drug trade. Anonymous high class marketplaces are difficult for the law enforcement to interrupt. On the other hand, now illegal activities are paradoxically more public than ever: everyone can access these onion sites and browse the product listings. The illegal trade is transparent to be followed. For example, by the means of web crawling and scraping, we produced nearly real time picture of the trade in Finland following one of the marketplaces on Tor. As a result, statistics shed light on substance consumption habits: the second study estimates that sales totalled over two million euros
Distinguishing Computer Generated Graphics from Natural Images Based on Sensor Pattern Noise and Deep Learning
Venue: Sensors
Year: 2018

Computer generated graphics (CGs) are images generated by computer software. The rapid development of computer graphics technologies has made it easier to generate photorealistic computer graphics, and these graphics are quite difficult to distinguish from natural images (NIs) with the naked eye. In this paper, we propose a method based on sensor pattern noise (SPN) and deep learning to distinguish CGs from NIs. Before being fed into our convolutional neural network (CNN) based model, these images CGs and NIs are clipped into image patches. Furthermore, three high pass filters (HPFs) are used to remove low frequency signals, which represent the image content. These filters are also used to reveal the residual signal as well as SPN introduced by the digital camera device. Different from the traditional methods of distinguishing CGs from NIs, the proposed method utilizes a five layer CNN to classify the input image patches. Based on the classification results of the image patches, we deploy a majority vote scheme to obtain the classification results for the full size images. The experiments have demonstrated that (1) the proposed method with three HPFs can achieve better results than that with only one HPF or no HPF and that (2) the proposed method with three HPFs achieves 100% accuracy, although the NIs undergo a JPEG compression with a quality factor of 75.
An overview on antioxidant peptides from rice bran proteins: extraction, identification, and applications.
Venue: Critical reviews in food science and nutrition
Year: 2020

Rice by products, generated through the milling processes, have recently been recognized as a potential source of bioactive compounds, such as proteins, essential amino acids, and phenolics. Owing to their antioxidant capacity (which improve the storage stability of foods) these compounds have gained much attention because of their beneficial impacts on human health. It has to be noted that large quantities of rice by products are not efficiently utilized, which may result in industrial wastes and environmental consequences. Thence, the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive insight on the antioxidant capabilities, extraction, identification, functional attributes, and applications of bioactive hydrolysates and peptides derived from rice bran protein. This overview would provide an insight on rice bran proteins, which are abundant in bioactive peptides, and could be used as value added products in food and pharmaceutical applications. Inclusion of bioactive peptides to prevent food spoilage while maintaining food safety has also been highlighted.
Vibration Analysis of Narrow Tilting Three Wheeled Vehicle Suspension System During Cornering
Venue: Jurnal Teknik ITS
Year: 2019

In Indonesia, there are a lot of vehicle on the road. These vehicles are used by the owner even there are only one or two passangers. That is the main reason of traffic jam in Indosia. However, motorbike is the best solution to fully use all part of the road that is provided in Indonesia because of its size, despite of motorbike has less safety than car. Therefore, combination between motorbike and car advantages have to be delivered through new type of vehicle which is narrow tilting three wheeled vehicle. The goal that we want to achive from this final project is to test the vibration which affected the Narrow Tilting Three Wheeled Vehicle (NTTWV) The condition that we analize is when the Narrow Tilting Three Wheeled Vehicle (NTTWV) oscilliating during cornering. This condition is important because in Indonesia, there are a lot of hole located on the cornering part of the road. This is important in order to make the vehicle comfortable to be use in any condition. To have a better analysis, we use three variation which are suspension angle, spring constant and length of the arm. From the research, we could conclude that in order to feel less vibration acceleration we have to decrease the spring constant. Another way to lessen the vibration impact, we could lowering the suspension angle. Lastly, we could extend the arm length in order to have lower vibration impact.
Concurrent coupling of peridynamics and classical elasticity for elastodynamic problems
Venue: Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering
Year: 2019

In this paper, a coupled peridynamic finite element method for modeling mechanical behavior and damage growth in materials is developed. Peridynamics is a nonlocal continuum model which, in contrast to other continuum models, uses integration instead of spatial derivations in its governing equations. Utilizing integration instead of derivatives is advantageous in modeling fracture since the governing equations remain valid even after the initiation or growth of discontinuities. Although peridynamics can capture material fracture effectively, however due to its nonlocal formulation peridynamics is computationally expensive. To reduce the computational costs, we propose to couple peridynamics with finite elements and use peridynamics only in small zones where higher accuracy is needed. The main challenge in developing such a coupling method is to eliminate the artifacts introduced by the interface of the two subdomains. One of the main issues is spurious wave reflections which occurs because high frequency waves traveling from peridynamic region cannot enter the finite element zone and spuriously reflect back into the peridynamic zone. This will lead to an increase in the energy of the peridynamic zone and will drastically reduce the computational accuracy. The main feature of the proposed method is eliminating the spurious wave reflections such that the coupled method is as accurate as the pure peridynamics.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic sclerosis: Diagnosis and treatment according to the European Society of Cardiology and European Respiratory Society 2015 guidelines
Year: 2019

Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) is an autoimmune connective tissue disease which presents endothelial dysfunction and fibroblast dysregulation, resulting in vascular and fibrotic disorders. Pulmonary hypertension is frequent in patients with systemic sclerosis: the natural evolution of the disease can induce the development of different forms of pulmonary hypertension, representing one of the main causes of death. Among the different forms of pulmonary hypertension in systemic sclerosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension is the most frequent one (rate of occurrence is estimated between 7% and 12% This pulmonary vascular complication should be treated with a combination of drugs that is able to counteract endothelial dysfunction, antagonizing the endothelin 1 system and replacing prostaglandin I2 and nitric oxide activity. A correct diagnosis is mandatory, because it is possible only for pulmonary arterial hypertension to use specific drugs that are able to control the symptomatic condition and the evolution of the disease. According to the most recent guidelines, for the patients with systemic sclerosis, also without pulmonary hypertension symptoms, echocardiography screening for the detection of pulmonary hypertension is recommended. Pulmonary arterial hypertension screening programs in systemic sclerosis patients is able to identify milder forms of the disease, allowing earlier management and better long term outcome.
Should there be a management plan of children with post infectious bronchiolitis obliterans and bronchiectasis?
Year: 2020

Guidelines on follow up of children with post infectious bronchiolitis obliterans(PIBO) and/or bronchiectasis(BE) are scarce. Orientations are derived from other chronic lung diseases and adult studies.  describe the management plan of children with PIBO and/or BE and analyse if it varies with lung function(LF)  Retrospective review of medical records of children with PIBO and BE followed in a tertiary hospital for 2consecutive years(2018 9) Diagnosis based on history, LF and HRCT findings. Frequency of physician visits, spirometries and respiratory microbiology surveillance/year were recorded, as best LF parameters and nutritional status/year.Descriptive and regression analysis was done.  During the study period, 28 children [20 boys, median age 13.5yrs (7.1, 18.2) median duration of follow up 9.6yrs(2.5, 15.4) 16 with BOPI (plus BE 6; average z score BMI 0.7, FEV1 3.2, FEV1/FVC 2.6) and 12 with BE (average z score BMI 0.4, FEV1 0.5, FEV1/FVC 0.1) were regularly observed, on average, 2.7times/year (1 to 7) and performed 1.8spirometries/year (1 to 4) but only 4 had respiratory samples collected. 14 had been prescribed mucus clearance devices or educated on respiratory rehabilitation. No association between clinic visits and FEV1 was found. During this period,3 non residents in Portugal were also observed,7 initiated follow up and 10 were transferred/lost to follow up.  Respiratory microbiology surveillance was low. In this small sample, LF alone did not instruct on follow up. In the absence of guidelines, management is tailored to patients. Future directions should dictate minimal follow up requirements for children with BOPI and BE.
The "Housewife" and Housework in the Indian Urban Middle Classes
Year: 2014

A particularly important question is which of the various jobs that tend to be lumped together under the term "housework" is decisively important to the housewife, or in other words, what exactly is the part of housework that "defines one as a housewife?" If one look at it in this sense, then the following issues arise. The first point is the externalization of housework. The second point is the existence or otherwise of a public system for activities related to reproduction. The third aspect is the existence of immediate family members, relatives, and a neighborhood network. This chapter attempts to consider the above points using the example of housewives and housework in contemporary urban middle class India. It focuses particularly on the division and "ranking" of different tasks in housework, and looks at the roles and division of labor between the "housewife" "family members" and "domestic servants" based on this ranking.  housewife; housework; India; urban middle class
Optimal location of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) to control active power flows and congestion Management in a transmission lines by using Fuzzy Based Technique
Year: 2014

The objective of this paper which concentrates on the application of Flexible Alternative Current Transmission System (FACTS) controllers as a solution to the problem of congestion(transmission system to operate beyond transfer limits) management.In the emerging electric power market, congestion management becomes extremely important and it can impose barrier to electric power trading. For thisFACTS also an alternative to reduce the flows in heavily loaded lines, resulting low system loss, improved stability of the network, reduced cost of production and fulfilled contractual requirement by controlling the power flow in the network.A line utilization factor (LUF) is used to determine the level of congestion in a transmission line. In this paper a Fuzzy Based Technique is proposed in determining the optimal location of unified power flow controller (UPFC) to control active power flows and reduction of congestion in a transmission line. This method is tested on IEEE 14bus system using MATLAB Simulation.
La filosofia de la biologia como campo interdisciplinar
Year: 2016

La filosofia de la ciencia, como han senalado Carlos Castrodeza y Pascual Martinez Freire en sus contribuciones al foro sobre interdisciplinariedad publicadas en el numero 35 de esta revista, es necesariamente un campo interdisciplinar. No en vano constituye en la actualidad uno de los mas esforzados intentos por establecer puntos de union entre las dos culturas de las que hablaba Charles P. Snow, la cientifica y la humanistica (cf. Dieguez 2000) La filosofia de la biologia, como parte de ella, no puede sino tomar tambien como algo propio el trabajo interdisciplinar. Es mas, me atreveria a decir que la filosofia de la biologia ha contribuido incluso a incrementar el caracter interdisciplinar de una filosofia de la ciencia centrada en la fisica, que es la que prevalecio hasta la decada de los ochenta del pasado siglo. Podria sonar paradojico que el resultado de una especializacion (la filosofia de la biologia es una especialidad de la filosofia de la ciencia) conduzca a una mayor interdisciplinariedad, pero no hay nada extrano en ello. Cabe argumentar que precisamente la presion constante hacia la especializacion que se viene experimentando en el mundo academico desde los comienzos del siglo XIX, pero sobre todo desde mediados del siglo XX, debida fundamentalmente a la complejificacion de los problemas a investigar y tambien a que negarlo a la extension de intereses profesionales divergentes, ha propiciado la aparicion de numerosas disciplinas hibridas (biologia molecular, biofisica, genetica molecular, climatologia, bioinformatica, inteligencia artificial, logica computacional, quimica fisica, astrofisica, psicologia evolucionista, neuropsicologia, paleoantropologia cognitiva, computacion cuantica, etc. que han difuminado fronteras y han hecho de la interdisciplinariedad una realidad constante e ineludible en la ciencia contemporanea (cf. Dieguez 2006) Esto significa que la interdisciplinariedad no es una tendencia contraria a la especializacion, sino un resultado historico de la misma. La filosofia de la biologia es tambien una de esas disciplinas hibridas. Una caracteristica de la filosofia de la biologia que muestra su decidida vocacion interdisciplinar es que en ella se viene dando una colaboracion
The expression of aristaless related homeobox in neural progenitors of gyrencephalic carnivore ferrets
Venue: Biochemistry and biophysics reports
Year: 2021

Aristaless related homeobox (ARX) has important functions in the development of various organs including the brain. Mutations of the human ARX gene have been associated with malformations of the cerebral cortex such as microcephaly and lissencephaly. Although the expression patterns of ARX in the lissencephalic cerebral cortex of mice have been intensively investigated, those in expanded gyrencephalic brains remained unclear. Here, we show the expression patterns of ARX in the developing cerebral cortex of gyrencephalic carnivore ferrets. We found that ARX was expressed not only in intermediate progenitor (IP) cells but also in outer radial glial (oRG) cells, which are neural progenitors preferentially observed in the gyrencephalic cerebral cortex. We found that the majority of ARX positive oRG cells expressed the proliferating cell marker Ki 67. These results may indicate that ARX in oRG cells mediates the expansion of the gyrencephalic cerebral cortex during development and evolution.
European Parliament Elections and Political Representation: Policy Congruence between Voters and Parties
Year: 2012

It is often said that European Parliament elections fail as an instrument to express the will of the European people. However, while the elections are not contested at the European level and are often dominated by national issues, this does not necessarily imply that they fail to connect policy views of voters and representatives. This article examines policy congruence between voters and candidates, utilising the candidate and voter surveys of the European Election Study 2009. First, it demonstrates that policy preferences of candidates and voters are constrained by three separate policy dimensions. Second, it shows that the quality of representation is high in terms of left/right, the main dimension of conflict in European politics, but lower on the cultural and European integration dimensions. Finally, it establishes that in some cases the aggregation of national parties in political groups in the European Parliament poses problems for effective political representation.
Optimal fusion scheme selection framework based on genetic algorithms for multimodal face recognition
Year: 2010

In this paper, we consider the problem of feature selection and classifier fusion and discuss how they should be reflected in the fusion system architecture. We employed the genetic algorithm with a novel coding to search the worst performing fusion strategy. The proposed algorithm tunes itself between feature and matching score levels, and improves the final performance over the original on two levels, and as a fusion method, it not only contains fusion strategy to combine the most relevant features so as to achieve adequate and optimized results, but also has the extensive ability to select the most discriminative features and their appropriate classifiers. Sparse Representation Classifier (SRC) and Nearest Neighbor classifier with euclidean distance, mahalanobis distance, cosine distance and correlation distance are exploited to calculate all the similarity measures. Experiments are provided on the FRGC database and show that the proposed method produces significantly better results than the baseline fusion methods
Self rated health in adolescence as a predictor of 'multi illness' in early adulthood: A prospective registry based Norwegian HUNT study
Venue: SSM population health
Year: 2020

Self rated health (SRH) is a marker of future health and a possible predictor of future multimorbidity, which is a major challenge for population health and health care. There is a lack of studies on adolescent SRH and patterns of health problems across the transitional period from adolescence to early adulthood. Therefore, this study aimed to identify groups of people with similar health problems in early adulthood and explore the predictive value of adolescent SRH on the group classification after a period of 10 19 years. Data from 8828 adolescents participating in the Young HUNT 1 survey (1995 1997) were linked to the Norwegian registry of general practitioner (GP) claims, which includes diagnoses recorded in GP consultations in 2006 2014. We used latent class analysis (LCA) to identify groups of patients with similar health problems in early adulthood and explored SRH as a predictor of class membership using latent class regression, adjusting for baseline chronic disease, frequency of health care attendance, sex and age. The mean age at baseline was 16 years, and 50% of the participants were female. SRH was reported as very good by 28% good by 61% and not good by 11% We identified five groups of patient classification (classes) Healthy (35% Infections and general problems (26% Musculoskeletal problems (21% Psychological problems (6% and Multi illness (13% We found a gradual increase in the probability of belonging to the Healthy class with better SRH, and an inverse pattern for the Psychological and Multi illness classes. This pattern remained after adjusting for baseline variables. In conclusion, there is a clear association between adolescent SRH and the risk of having multi illness in early adulthood, seen as a proxy for later multimorbidity. This finding warrants greater attention to SRH in adolescence as a possible indicator in targeted prevention of future health problems.