nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
On the Radial and Longitudinal Variation of a Magnetic Cloud: ACE, Wind, ARTEMIS and Juno Observations
Venue: Solar Physics
Year: 2020

We present observations of the same magnetic cloud made near Earth by the Advance Composition Explorer (ACE) Wind, and the Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence and Electrodynamics of the Moon's Interaction with the Sun (ARTEMIS) mission comprising the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) B and THEMIS C spacecraft, and later by Juno at a distance of 1.2 AU. The spacecraft were close to radial alignment throughout the event, with a longitudinal separation of $3.6^\circ} 3.6 between Juno and the spacecraft near Earth. The magnetic cloud likely originated from a filament eruption on 22 October 2011 at 00:05 UT, and caused a strong geomagnetic storm at Earth commencing on 24 October. Observations of the magnetic cloud at each spacecraft have been analysed using minimum variance analysis and two flux rope fitting models, Lundquist and Gold Hoyle, to give the orientation of the flux rope axis. We explore the effect different trailing edge boundaries have on the results of each analysis method, and find a clear difference between the orientations of the flux rope axis at the near Earth spacecraft and Juno, independent of the analysis method. The axial magnetic field strength and the radial width of the flux rope are calculated using both observations and fitting parameters and their relationship with heliocentric distance is investigated. Differences in results between the near Earth spacecraft and Juno are attributed not only to the radial separation, but to the small longitudinal separation which resulted in a surprisingly large difference in the in situ observations between the spacecraft. This case study demonstrates the utility of Juno cruise data as a new opportunity to study magnetic clouds beyond 1 AU, and the need for caution in future radial alignment studies.
Packet analysis for network forensics: A comprehensive survey
Venue: Digit. Investig.
Year: 2020

Packet analysis is a primary traceback technique in network forensics, which, providing that the packet details captured are sufficiently detailed, can play back even the entire network traffic for a particular point in time. This can be used to find traces of nefarious online behavior, data breaches, unauthorized website access, malware infection, and intrusion attempts, and to reconstruct image files, documents, email attachments, etc. sent over the network. This paper is a comprehensive survey of the utilization of packet analysis, including deep packet inspection, in network forensics, and provides a review of AI powered packet analysis methods with advanced network traffic classification and pattern identification capabilities. Considering that not all network information can be used in court, the types of digital evidence that might be admissible are detailed. The properties of both hardware appliances and packet analyzer software are reviewed from the perspective of their potential use in network forensics.
Quantifying and Predicting Mental Illness Severity in Online Pro Eating Disorder Communities
Venue: CSCW
Year: 2016

Social media sites have struggled with the presence of emotional and physical self injury content. Individuals who share such content are often challenged with severe mental illnesses like eating disorders. We present the first study quantifying levels of mental illness severity (MIS) in social media. We examine a set of users on Instagram who post content on pro eating disorder tags (26M posts from 100K users) Our novel statistical methodology combines topic modeling and novice/clinician annotations to infer MIS in a user's content. Alarmingly, we find that proportion of users whose content expresses high MIS have been on the rise since 2012 (13%/year increase) Previous MIS in a user's content over seven months can predict future risk with 81% accuracy. Our model can also forecast MIS levels up to eight months in the future with performance better than baseline. We discuss the health outcomes and design implications as well as ethical considerations of this line of research.
Rejoinder to Commentary: "Panic, Self Disorder, and EASE Research: Methodological Considerations"
Venue: Psychopathology
Year: 2017

(only some of which have sub items) But given our purposes, maximum qualitative detail was critical, since our main purpose involved seeking the richest possible phenomenological assessment. We have, however, reanalyzed our data using only the 57 EASE items, and this leads to an average score of 13.11 8.8 (mean SD) versus our initial 17.94 11.88. We regret that we did not include this analysis in our original paper. However, using this result does not change our discussion, namely, that our scores are indeed " somewhat lower than (schizophrenia studies) but considerably higher than those reported for bipolar psychosis (average of 6.3) and other mental disorders (average of 8.1) in the just cited comparative studies " The commentary suggests that PD is a "trans diagnostic category" (in contrast with our claim that some selfdisorders could be trans diagnostic) whose presence in our sample would increase the odds ratio of a future diagnosis of psychosis. This suggestion contradicts the best available epidemiological evidence, which indicates that PD, despite its comorbidities, is a stable diagnostic category  We note also that our own sample is not (as they claim) "peculiar" in lacking comorbidities since it was intentionally selected on that very basis (with inclusion criterion "diagnosis of panic disorder and no other diagnoOur aim in this rejoinder is to reply to the comment by Parnas et al.  on our recent paper in Psychopathology on self disorders in panic disorder (PD)  Their comment makes a series of incorrect or misleading claims. The comment starts by stating that our sample is " chronic " and " treatment resistant " and that we aimed to compare our PD subjects' scores with the scores of schizophrenia subjects. Both claims are incorrect. Our sample is not, in fact, especially chronic given that recurrent panic attacks are actually a criterion for the very diagnosis of PD  Nor does failure of a 1 month treatment in General Practice Clinics (also characteristic of our subjects) qualify as clinical treatment resistance. The general remission rate of PD in general is 80% in the second year of treatment [4, 5] and perhaps only at that point should patients be considered resistant Contrary to what the comment implies, our study was not devised to provide a direct comparison of patient groups; for that we would have had to include both PD and schizophrenia samples. Our aim, rather, was to examine the presence, and the profile, of self disorders in PD: " to explore the profile of specific types of ASEs any possible patterns that might be revealed "  The comment also criticizes our consideration of all the 94 EASE items or sub items rather than only the 57 items  May 7, 2017 Accepted after revision: May 10, 2017  2017
A model for autonomous and non autonomous effects of the Hippo pathway in Drosophila
Year: 2017

While significant progress has been made toward understanding morphogen mediated patterning in development from both the experimental and the theoretical side, the control of size and shape of tissues and organs is poorly understood. Both involve adjustment of the scale of gene expression to the size of the system, but how growth and patterning are coupled to produce scale invariance and how molecular level information is translated into organ and organism level functioning is one of the most difficult problems in biology. The Hippo pathway, which controls cell proliferation and apoptosis in Drosophila and mammalian cells, contains a core kinase mechanism that affects control of the cell cycle and growth. Studies involving over and under expression of components in the morphogen and Hippo pathways in Drosophila reveal conditions that lead to over or undergrowth. Herein we develop a mathematical model that incorporates the current understanding of the Hippo signal transduction network and which can explain qualitatively both the observations on whole disc manipulations and the results arising from mutant clones. We find that a number of non intuitive experimental results can be explained by subtle changes in the balances between inputs to the Hippo pathway. Since signal transduction and growth control pathways are highly conserved across species, much of what is learned about Drosophila applies in higher organisms, and may have direct relevance to tumor dynamics in mammalian systems.
Comparative analysis of an organic Rankine cycle with different turbine efficiency models based on multi objective optimization
Venue: Energy Conversion and Management
Year: 2019

The radial inflow turbine is a key component of the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system, and its efficiency is related to working fluid properties and working conditions. In this paper, multi objective algorithm was employed to conduct a comparative analysis of an ORC system with different turbine efficiency models (constant and variable) The system thermal efficiency and multi objective optimization results between the constant turbine efficiency ORC system (CTORC) and the variable turbine efficiency ORC system (VTORC) were compared, and the reasons for the difference between the CTORC and VTORC system were analyzed. Sensitivity analysis was performed to compare the difference between the CTORC system and the VTORC system at different waste flue gas inlet temperature. The results show that the system thermal efficiency of both the CTORC and the VTORC increases with the increasing evaporation temperature and decreases with the increasing condensation temperature, while the variation rate of system thermal efficiency is different between CTORC system and VTORC system. The predicted turbine efficiency is significantly different for different working fluids and different working conditions. Considering the system comprehensive performance, R236ea is the optimal working fluid for the CTORC system, while R365mfc is for the VTORC system. For different working fluids, the error caused by using constant turbine efficiency model is different. With the increasing waste flue gas inlet temperature, the error caused by using constant turbine efficiency increases for R236ea, while the error caused by using constant turbine efficiency increases first and then decreases for R365mfc.
3D based multi objective cooperative disassembly sequence planning method for remanufacturing
Year: 2020

Large scale and high efficiency disassembly is an important means to improve the efficiency and benefits of remanufacturing of waste products. This paper proposes a 3D based multi objective collaborative disassembly sequence planning method for remanufacturing products, which can effectively improve efficiency of the disassembly line. Firstly, combining entropy weight method and PROMETHEE II method, the priority disassembly level of the waste product parts is established. According to the disassembly level ranking of the parts, one or more target disassembly parts with higher priority are selected. Secondly, rapid growing random tree algorithm is used to layer the three dimensional product assembly structure, and the disassembly sequence of the single objective part is calculated by the constraint relationship of different layer parts. Finally, the co evolution algorithm is used to coordinate multiple single objective part disassembly sequences to obtain the overall optimal multi objective part disassembly sequence, which is the sequence plan with the minimum required number of disassembly parts. Through the disassembly case analysis of two stage reducer, the correctness and effectiveness of the planning method for coordinated disassembly of multi objective parts are verified.
ScientIST: Biomedical Engineering Experiments Supported by Mobile Devices, Cloud and IoT
Year: 2020

Currently, mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets are widespread within the student community. However, their potential to be used in classrooms is yet to be fully explored. Our work proposes an approach that benefits from the ease of access to mobile devices, and combines it with state of the art software and hardware. This approach builds upon previous developments from our team on biosignal acquisition and analysis, and is designed towards the enrichment of the teaching experience for students, namely in what concerns laboratory activities in the field of biomedical engineering. The implementation of such methodology aims at involving students more actively in the learning process, using case studies and emerging educational approaches such as project based, active and research based learning. It also provides an effective option for remote teaching, as recently required by the COVID 19 outbreak. In our approach (ScientIST) we explore the use of the Arduino MKR WIFI 1010, a variant of the popular electronic platform, recently launched for prototyping Internet of Things (IoT) applications, and the Google Science Journal (GSJ) a digital notebook created by Google, to support laboratory activities using mobile devices. This approach has shown promising results in two case studies, namely, documenting a Histology laboratory class and a Photoplethysmography (PPG) data acquisition and processing experiment. The System Usability Scale (SUS) was used in the evaluation of the students' experience, revealing an overall score of 78.68%
Beyond phonological awareness: Stress awareness and learning word spelling
Venue: Learning and Individual Differences
Year: 2019

This study investigates whether prosody is related to spelling acquisition. The awareness of a particular prosodic feature, lexical stress, may play some role in the acquisition of word spelling. A sample of 89 Spanish 3rd graders participated in this study. Control measures included non verbal intelligence, vocabulary, and phonemic awareness. Results highlighted the potential role of prosodic knowledge in learning word spelling. Lexical stress awareness accounted for unique variance in word and sentence writing from dictation. In particular, stress awareness was related to stress errors (in word and sentence writing) while phonemic awareness was related to phoneme errors (in word writing) These data support the view that, in addition to phonological awareness, prosodic (lexical stress) awareness has the potential to be relevant for learning word spelling.
Bank Liquidity Creation Following Regulatory Interventions and Capital Support
Year: 2016

We study the effects of regulatory interventions and capital support (bailouts) on banks' liquidity creation. We rely on instrumental variables to deal with possible endogeneity concerns. Our key findings, which are based on a unique supervisory German dataset, are that regulatory interventions robustly trigger decreases in liquidity creation, while capital support does not affect liquidity creation. Additional results include the effects of these actions on different components of liquidity creation, lending, and risk taking. Our findings provide new and important insights into the debates about the design of regulatory interventions and bailouts.
Was inter population connectivity of Neanderthals and modern humans the driver of the Upper Paleolithic transition rather than its product?
Venue: Quaternary Science Reviews
Year: 2019

The transition from the Middle Paleolithic (MP) to the Upper Paleolithic (UP) circa 40kya, is viewed as a major turning point in human evolution, in terms of the material culture, demography, and geographical expansion of modern humans. However, attempts to identify an origin of this so called 'revolution' in the form of a particular stone tool techno complex, representing cultural modernity, which spread across the human range, have failed. Instead, the archaeological record of this period comprises multiple 'transitional techno complexes' some associated with modern humans and others with Neanderthals. The cultures that these techno complexes represent are characterized by precursors of the material cultures of the UP, often alongside features that suggest local cultural continuity. The broadly simultaneous appearance of these transitional cultures, despite a lack of a clear common origin, is puzzling. We suggest that these local 'revolutions' had a common underlying driver, which explains the simultaneous appearance of transitional techno complexes, but that this driver did not determine the particular form of each local revolution. We propose that the driver of the transition to the UP was an increase in inter population connectivity, both within and between species, which allowed local cultures to rapidly evolve and to attain greater complexity than ever before. We suggest that this change was driven by the interaction between modern humans and Neanderthals. In this article we outline processes that are likely to have influenced inter population connectivity, bringing together evolutionary and ecological perspectives alongside insights from the field of cultural evolution.
Leistungen des okologischen Landbaus fur Umwelt und Gesellschaft
Year: 2019

Der okologische Landbau gilt als ein nachhaltiges Landnutzungssystem und wird deshalb in besonderer Weise politisch unterstutzt. Obwohl die Zusammenhange zwischen der okologischen Wirtschaftsweise und der Erbringung gesellschaftlich relevanter Umweltleistungen auf eine zunehmend breitere Anerkennung stosen, werden die Potenziale des okologischen Landbaus zur Bewaltigung der umwelt und ressourcenpolitischen Herausforderungen unserer Zeit in Politik und Wissenschaft weiterhin unterschiedlich bewertet. Vor diesem Hintergrund war es das Ziel dieser Arbeit, die gesellschaftlichen Leistungen des okologischen Landbaus in den Bereichen Wasserschutz, Bodenfruchtbarkeit, Biodiversitat, Klimaschutz, Klimaanpassung, Ressourceneffizienz und Tierwohl auf der Grundlage einer umfassenden Analyse wissenschaftlicher Veroffentlichungen zu bewerten. Im Rahmen einer Literaturrecherche wurden insgesamt 528 Studien mit 2.816 Vergleichspaaren fur die Auswertung ausgewahlt, die folgende Kriterien erfullten: (a) Erscheinungszeitraum: Januar 1990 bis Marz 2018, (b) Region: temperierte Klimazonen, (c) Studiendesign: mindestens ein Vergleichspaar mit einer okologischen und konventionellen Variante und (d) Sprache: Studien in deutscher oder englischer Sprache. Die Ergebnisse der Paarvergleiche wurden deskriptiv statistisch ausgewertet (Min Werte, Max Werte, Mittelwerte, Median) und mithilfe von Boxplot Diagrammen graphisch veranschaulicht. Ferner wurden die Ergebnisse der okologischen Variante der einzelnen Paarvergleiche hinsichtlich ihrer relativen Merkmalsauspragung im Vergleich zur konventionellen Variante auf der Basis quantitativer Kriterien klassifiziert (Oko Oko Oko Die Auswertung der wissenschaftlichen Literatur ergab uber alle Indikatoren hinweg, dass die okologische Bewirtschaftung gegenuber der konventionellen Variante im Bereich des Umwelt und Ressourcenschutzes bei 58 der analysierten Vergleichspaare Vorteile aufwies. Bei 28 konnten keine Unterschiede festgestellt werden, bei 14 der Vergleichspaare war die konventionelle Variante vorteilhafter. Kein klares Bild zeigte sich beim Tierwohl. Bei 46 der Vergleichspaare wurden uber alle Tierarten und Produktionsrichtungen hinweg keine eindeutigen Unterschiede zwischen der okologischen und konventionellen Tierhaltung festgestellt. Die okologische Wirtschaftsweise wies bei 35 der Vergleichspaare Vorteile auf, wohingegen die konventionelle Variante bei 19 der Vergleichspaare besser abschnitt. Allerdings wurden nur sehr wenige Studien gefunden, die Tierwohl im umfassenden Sinne berucksichtigten.
Analisis de la implementacion del filtro afectivo en el diseno de actividades con TIC para la adquisicion de competencias comunicativas en el proceso de aprendizaje del ingles
Year: 2017

espanolLa presente investigacion propone hacer un estudio de la influencia de la implementacion de componentes que reducen el filtro afectivo en el diseno de actividades con Tecnologias de la Informacion y Comunicacion (en adelante, TIC) para la adquisicion de competencias comunicativas (Enfoque Comunicativo) Primeramente, esta hipotesis propuesta por Krashen (1982) propone que el nivel de filtro afectivo influye sobre el aprendizaje. Si, el filtro es bajo, influye a favor del estudiante y si es alto, en su contra. Los estudiantes con filtro afectivo alto tienen deficiencia para generar emociones y esto les produce desmotivacion, baja autoestima y mucha ansiedad. En segundo lugar, el uso de la TIC en el proceso de ensenanza aprendizaje de Ingles, ha facilitado la creacion de incontables actividades didacticas que en su mayoria agilizan y enriquecen el proceso. Como tercer punto, para el aprendizaje del idioma, es imperioso la adquisicion de competencias comunicativas. Este estudio implica la combinacion interdependiente de estos tres componentes en el proceso de ensenanza aprendizaje de Ingles. La finalidad de la investigacion es hacer un aporte al conocimiento del proceso de adquisicion de Ingles combinando los tres componentes mencionados: Enfoque comunicativo, TIC y variable afectiva. Con esta investigacion se pretende aportar conocimientos sobre los efectos de la implementacion de los componentes que reducen filtro afectivo mediante el diseno de actividades con TIC para trabajar la competencia comunicativa en la ensenanza de Ingles como lengua extranjera en el Instituto de Idiomas de la Universidad Tecnologica Equinoccial (UTE) EnglishThis action research aimed to analyze the result of implementing the affective filter components (motivation, self confidence and anxiety reducing strategies) in the design of activities which use technology to contribute to the development of communicative competences in language learning. The process was carried out under the design of an action research supported by mixed methods. In order to accomplish this, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) activities to which components of the affective filter were implemented, were created. The use of these activities was processed by triangulation involving observation sheets, questionnaires, interviews and research journal. The process was made in three cycles where language students of Tecnologica Equinoccial University in Quito (Ecuador) participated. The percentages indicate that implementation of affective filter components affect positively in the predisposition to acquire a second language and this is even more noticeably if technology is used.
Can Video Cameras Decrease Human Intrusion into a Closed Natural Area?
Venue: Natural Areas Journal
Year: 2020

De Soto Park (Pinellas County, Florida) encompasses several barrier islands and is accessible to the public by road. Over 32 ha of beach are closed to the general public to allow birds to nest, loaf, and forage without human disturbance. The objective of this study was to use video monitoring of the closed area to determine when intrusions into the protected area occurred and to see if publicizing that the area is being video monitored increased compliance. We randomly chose 400 hours of daylight video from April through August, 2013, to determine the number of intruders. In the middle of the peak nesting season (July 2) we placed signs informing the public that they were being monitored. During the 349 hours where video quality was high, we had 27 hours where at least one intruder entered the area and 144 intruders total. Most of the intrusions were in the evening (1600 1900) during low tide, and on days with higher attendance. Signage communicating video recording of the bird sanctuary led to a strong negative impact on intrusion and was statistically significant (P 0.01) The combination of using video cameras and signs informing the public about the video cameras was a highly effective method of reducing the number of people entering a closed portion of beach. Elizabeth A. Forys, Paul Hindsley, Maggie P. Miller, James B. Wilson, Lorraine N. Margeson, and Don W. Margeson. 2016 "Can Video Cameras Decrease Human Intrusion into a Closed Natural Area?" Natural Areas Journal 36(2):146 152.