nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Hybrid scheduling to enhance reliability of real time tasks running on reconfigurable devices
Venue: The Journal of Supercomputing
Year: 2019

Reconfigurable devices (RDs) are extremely advantageous when employed in real time embedded systems. Nonetheless, they are susceptible to soft errors. In a broad sense, the present research addresses the challenge of improving the reliability of independent periodic real time hardware tasks in RDs by utilizing hybrid fault tolerant scheduling. The current paper combines static and dynamic real time scheduling techniques to improve the reliability of the system. First, the proposed algorithm statically schedules primary tasks and preserves area and time for possible backup tasks on the RD. The overlapping of passive backup tasks is possible. Next, at the run time, event triggered dispatcher dynamically determines which candidate backup copy should be selected for configuration on the overloaded preserved areas. Reliability, task deadline, and RD area limitations are the determining factors of backup overloading in the static phase. On the other hand, in the dynamic phase, the execution result of the primary tasks in this case, success or failure is the deciding factor based on which the dispatcher configures the true backup task on the preserved area. Experimental results show that the hybrid scheduling technique enhances the mean time to failure of the system by an average factor of 1.22 in comparison with a similar state of the art study.
Attracting Foreign Direct Investment
Year: 2014

Like many other developing countries, South Asian nations have been experiencing increased foreign direct investment inflows over the past decade as developing countries get a larger share of cross border investments that were once sent to developed countries. Nonetheless, South Asia's inflows of foreign direct investment remain the lowest relative to gross domestic product among developing country regions. Why are South Asia's foreign direct investment inflows so low and what lessons can be drawn for developing countries as a whole? The analysis in this article uses a novel empirical model that accounts for possible trends in convergence in the ratio of foreign direct investment to gross domestic product between countries and cross sectional data for 78 countries from 2000 to 2011. The sample contains 52 developing countries. The analysis finds that two key factors are at work high overall regulatory restrictions on foreign direct investment and specific restrictions placed on doing business with other countries. These factors include overall trade restrictiveness, which reduces the benefits to cross border investments, and weak institutions to protect foreign investors and facilitate investment. Nonetheless, the potential for faster growth in intra and inter regional foreign direct investment flows is significant. The main factors leading to this conclusion are South Asia's current low levels of foreign direct investment, the many unexploited opportunities for embodied knowledge transfer, and supply chain linkages. The overall lessons for developing countries are that liberalizing policy constraints in both trade and foreign investment, keeping corporate tax rates modest, and improving governance and transparency could help to substantially improve foreign direct investment flows.
The Galactic Center Molecular Cloud Survey. II. A Lack of Dense Gas Cloud Evolution along Galactic Center Orbits
Year: 2016

We present the first systematic study of the density structure of clouds found in a complete sample covering all major molecular clouds in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ; inner \sim{}200~\rm{}pc$ of the Milky Way. This is made possible by using data from the Galactic Center Molecular Cloud Survey (GCMS) the first study resolving all major molecular clouds in the CMZ at interferometer angular resolution. We find that many CMZ molecular clouds have unusually shallow density gradients compared to regions elsewhere in the Milky Way. This is possibly a consequence of weak gravitational binding of the clouds. The resulting relative absence of dense gas on spatial scales \sim{}0.1~\rm{}pc$ is probably one of the reasons why star formation (SF) in dense gas of the CMZ is suppressed by a factor \sim{}10$ compared to solar neighborhood clouds. Another factor suppressing star formation are the high SF density thresholds that likely result from the observed gas kinematics. Further, it is possible but not certain that the star formation activity and the cloud density structure evolve systematically as clouds orbit the CMZ.
ANALISIS SEJARAH DAN PENDEKATAN SENTRALISASI DALAM PENGELOLAAN TAMAN NASIONAL BALI BARAT
Year: 2015

Tata kelola sumber daya terutama konservasi di bawah kontrol pemerintah alam kawasan masih berada pusat pemerintah daerah (provinsi dan kabupaten) juga memiliki peran/kewenangan tertentu di era meskipun desentralisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis sejarah Taman Nasional Bali Barat (TNBB) dan pengelolaannya. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa TNBB berasal dari kawasan suaka margasatwa dan pengelolaannya di bawah kewenangan Kementerian Kehutanan di pusat. Di era desentralisasi, pemerintah daerah (provinsi dan kabupaten) memiliki peran seperti dalam perencanaan masyarakat emanfaat an taman nasional Pada era ini pula dapat m k sumber daya pariwisata dan tersedianya zona tradisional bagi nelayan. Bagi nelayan, melalui pengembangan zonasi 2010 lebih baik daripada zonasi sebelumnya.
Security Problems of Chaotic Image Encryption Algorithms Based on Cryptanalysis Driven Design Technique
Venue: IEEE Access
Year: 2019

Robust protocols are needed to create a secure computing system. Protocols designed without considering various design criteria result in many vulnerabilities. Security has many aspects. The slightest defect in the design processes affects the whole system security. Chaos based image encryption algorithms have become increasingly popular in the recent period. However, most of these algorithms are often based on cryptanalysis driven design technique. Therefore, the security of these algorithms is doubtful as long as the threat of attack continues. In this paper, attention has been drawn to this problem. First, the security problems of two different chaos based image encryption algorithms have been analyzed. In the second analyzed study, the security problem of the first analyzed study has been examined and a new improved version has been published. The common point of these two analyzed studies is that both the original and the improved algorithm are designed on the basis of the cryptanalysis has driven design approach. In other words, the security of these two algorithms is still doubtful. In this study, security problems have been shown for both algorithms and the encryption algorithms have been broken. In the second part of the study, a road map based on a provable secure driven design approach is presented for future studies to avoid such problems.
Optimal Solution Of Minmax 0/1 Knapsack Problem Using Dynamic Programming
Year: 2012

Knapsack problem is a problem that occurs when looking for optimal selection of objects that will be put into a container with limited space and capacity. On the issue of loading goods into the container, optimal selection of objects or items to be sent must fulfilled to minimize the total weight of the capacity or volume limits without exceeding the maximum capacity of containers that have been determined. The types of knapsack that has been discussed so far is only to maximize the use not to exceed the limits specified capacity so it cannot be applied to the problem. This study aims to develop a dynamic programming algorithm to solve the MinMax 0/1 knapsack, which is an extension of the 0/1 knapsack with minimal and maximal constrain. The result study showed that application of the MinMax 0/1 knapsack is used to generate the optimal solution to the problem of loading system goods into the container to optimize container space available compared with the loading of goods by PT DFI.
Optical coherence tomography features of choroidal neovascularization and their correlation with age, gender and underlying disease.
Venue: Retina
Year: 2020

To investigate the influence of age, gender and underlying disease on the optical coherence tomography (OCT) features of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to Inflammation (iCNV) myopia (mCNV) and age related macular degeneration (AMD CNV) METHODS Demographic and clinical data of eyes with treatment naive iCNV, mCNV and type 2 AMD CNV were collected. OCT images were reviewed to determine the presence of pitchfork sign (PFS) pigment epithelial detachment (PED) subretinal fluid (SRF) intraretinal cysts (IRC) subretinal hyper reflective material (SHRM) atrophy and outer retinal disruption (ORD) graded 1 to 4. The influence of demographics and underlying etiology on OCT signs was investigated.  185 eyes from 179 patients were enrolled. The mean[SD] age was 36[ 14.4] 62[ 18] and 77 for the iCNV, mCNV and AMD CNV respectively (p<0.001) Multiple linear regression showed that the presence of PFS was negatively associated with age (p<0.0001) regardless of underlying disease. By contrast the SRF, PED, IRC and the ORD were all positively influenced by age regardless of gender and underlying disease (all p<0.01) Logistic regression showed that none of the OCT signs increased the likelihood for diagnosis of iCNV. By contrast, absence of SRF was suggestive for mCNV and presence of PED and SRF was suggestive for AMD CNVs.  The age of the patient had a significant effect on the OCT appearance of the CNV, particularly the presence of a PFS, regardless of the underlying etiology. The absence of SRF was suggestive for a diagnosis of mCNV. The presence of SRF and PED was suggestive for AMD CNVs.
Expertise modeling for matching papers with reviewers
Venue: KDD '07
Year: 2007

An essential part of an expert finding task, such as matching reviewers to submitted papers, is the ability to model the expertise of a person based on documents. We evaluate several measures of the association between an author in an existing collection of research papers and a previously unseen document. We compare two language model based approaches with a novel topic model, Author Persona Topic (APT) In this model, each author can write under one or more "personas," which are represented as independent distributions over hidden topics. Examples of previous papers written by prospective reviewers are gathered from the Rexa database, which extracts and disambiguates author mentions from documents gathered from the web. We evaluate the models using a reviewer matching task based on human relevance judgments determining how well the expertise of proposed reviewers matches a submission. We find that the APT topic model outperforms the other models.
Effect of Nivolumab vs Bevacizumab in Patients With Recurrent Glioblastoma: The CheckMate 143 Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.
Venue: JAMA oncology
Year: 2020

Clinical outcomes for glioblastoma remain poor. Treatment with immune checkpoint blockade has shown benefits in many cancer types. To our knowledge, data from a randomized phase 3 clinical trial evaluating a programmed death 1 (PD 1) inhibitor therapy for glioblastoma have not been reported.  To determine whether single agent PD 1 blockade with nivolumab improves survival in patients with recurrent glioblastoma compared with bevacizumab.  In this open label, randomized, phase 3 clinical trial, 439 patients with glioblastoma at first recurrence following standard radiation and temozolomide therapy were enrolled, and 369 were randomized. Patients were enrolled between September 2014 and May 2015. The median follow up was 9.5 months at data cutoff of January 20, 2017. The study included 57 multicenter, multinational clinical sites.  Patients were randomized 1:1 to nivolumab 3 mg/kg or bevacizumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks until confirmed disease progression, unacceptable toxic effects, or death.  The primary end point was overall survival (OS) Results A total of 369 patients were randomized to nivolumab (n 184) or bevacizumab (n 185) The MGMT promoter was methylated in 23.4% (43/184; nivolumab) and 22.7% (42/185; bevacizumab) unmethylated in 32.1% (59/184; nivolumab) and 36.2% (67/185; bevacizumab) and not reported in remaining patients. At median follow up of 9.5 months, median OS (mOS) was comparable between groups: nivolumab, 9.8 months (95% CI, 8.2 11.8) bevacizumab, 10.0 months (95% CI, 9.0 11.8) HR, 1.04 (95% CI, 0.83 1.30) P .76. The 12 month OS was 42% in both groups. The objective response rate was higher with bevacizumab (23.1% 95% CI, 16.7% 30.5% vs nivolumab (7.8% 95% CI, 4.1% 13.3% Grade 3/4 treatment related adverse events (TRAEs) were similar between groups (nivolumab, 33/182 [18.1% bevacizumab, 25/165 [15.2% with no unexpected neurological TRAEs or deaths due to TRAEs.  Although the primary end point was not met in this randomized clinical trial, mOS was comparable between nivolumab and bevacizumab in the overall patient population with recurrent glioblastoma. The safety profile of nivolumab in patients with glioblastoma was consistent with that in other tumor types.
Wasserstein Dictionary Learning: Optimal Transport based unsupervised non linear dictionary learning
Venue: SIAM J. Imaging Sci.
Year: 2018

This paper introduces a new nonlinear dictionary learning method for histograms in the probability simplex. The method leverages optimal transport theory, in the sense that our aim is to reconstruct histograms using so called displacement interpolations (a.k.a. Wasserstein barycenters) between dictionary atoms; such atoms are themselves synthetic histograms in the probability simplex. Our method simultaneously estimates such atoms, and, for each datapoint, the vector of weights that can optimally reconstruct it as an optimal transport barycenter of such atoms. Our method is computationally tractable thanks to the addition of an entropic regularization to the usual optimal transportation problem, leading to an approximation scheme that is efficient, parallel and simple to differentiate. Both atoms and weights are learned using a gradient based descent method. Gradients are obtained by automatic differentiation of the generalized Sinkhorn iterations that yield barycenters with entropic smoothing. Because of its formulation relying on Wasserstein barycenters instead of the usual matrix product between dictionary and codes, our method allows for nonlinear relationships between atoms and the reconstruction of input data. We illustrate its application in several different image processing settings.
El "sueno chino"
Year: 2010

Mientras el mundo esta sufriendo las penurias de un crisis economica desconocida desde generaciones, China disfruta de un indice de crecimiento superior al 10% anual. Sin embargo, las agresiones a los derechos humanos, las grandes diferencias entre campo y ciudad o la violenta irrupcion de las mafias ponen palos en las ruedas del gran "sueno chino"
It's the Debt Growth Nexus Again Evidence from a Long Panel of Regional Government Liabilities
Year: 2013

In this paper, we study the long and short run relationship between regional public debt and economic performance for a sample of German federal states over the period of four decades (1970 2010) By choosing a sample of regional entities with comparable institutional settings, we complement the large literature on the debt growth nexus based on heterogeneous cross country samples. We estimate a dynamic error correction model that accounts for slope heterogeneity among cross sections and the presence of unobserved common factors. While in line with the Keynesian view our findings hint at a non linear inverted U shape relationship between changes in the public debt intensity and economic growth in the short run, we get strong statistical evidence for linear negative relationship between regional public depth and per capita GDP in the long run. By means of a simple though experiment, we show that these negative longrun effects are not negligible for the size of interregional differences in per capita GDP levels and are in line with most international evidence on the detrimental growth effects of high public debt levels. Finally, these results also underline the need for effective fiscal rules at the federal state level in Germany.
Parametric and nonparametric conditional quantile regression modeling for dependent spatial functional data
Year: 2021

The problem of estimating the spatio functional quantile regression for a given spatial mixing structure X i Y i F x R when i Z N N 1 and F is a separable Hilbert space, is investigated. We construct and compare four estimators of the regression quantile. The proposed estimators cover the two main aspects of the statistical analysis, namely the parametric and nonparametric approaches. Precisely, using a parametric approach, we construct two estimators that are based respectively on the B spline smoothing and the PCA regression. The other two estimators are constructed by using a non parametric approach, namely the local constants method and the local linear method. Then, we establish the asymptotic properties of the four constructed estimators, and we examine their feasibility for finite size samples (i) on simulated data, and (ii) on real climatological data, which confirm the usefulness of our methodologies in practice.
Posture cognitive dual tasking: A relevant marker of depression related psychomotor retardation. An illustration of the positive impact of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with major depressive disorder.
Venue: Journal of psychiatric research
Year: 2016

This study examined whether postural control variables, particularly the center of pressure (COP) velocity based parameters, could be a relevant hallmark of depression related psychomotor retardation (PMR) We first aimed at investigating the interplay between the PMR scores and the COP performance in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) as compared to age matched healthy controls; secondly, we focused on the impact of a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment on depression, PMR scores and postural performance. 16 MDD patients, and a control group of 16 healthy adults, were asked to maintain quiet standing balance during two trials with or without vision, and while backward counting (dual task) All the position and velocity based COP variables were computed. Before and after the rTMS session (n eligible MDD 10) we assessed the depression level with the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) the PMR scores with the French Retardation Rating Scale for Depression (ERD) and postural performance. Before the treatment, significant positive partial correlations were found between the pre ERD scores and the velocity based COP variables, especially in the dual task conditions (p 0.05) In contrast, there was no significant correlation between the post ERD scores and any postural parameter after the treatment. The MADRS and ERD scores showed a significant decrease between before and after the rTMS intervention. For the first time, the findings clearly validated the view that the assessment of postural performance easy to envisage in clinical settings constitutes a reliable and objective marker of PMR in MDD patients.
COWS tank cleaning technology in the Tahe Oilfield
Year: 2012

To summarized the reasons for the formation of sludge in the crude oil storage tank,Introduces COWS(Crude Oil Washing System) mechanical cleaning tank technology process characteristics,the working principle and the cleaning process,combined with the COWS mechanical cleaning tank technology in the Tahe Oilfield No.3 Joint Station the 5 000m3 crude oil storage tank cleaning operations in the application of the COWS mechanical cleaning tank technology analysis and evaluation.
Risky business the combined effects of fishing and changes in primary productivity on fish communities
Year: 2018

There is an increasing need to understand ecosystem responses to multiple stressors in that such complex responses depend not only on species level responses, but also on species interactions and ecosystem structure. In this study, we used a multi model ecosystem simulation approach to explore the combined effects of fishing and primary productivity on different components of the food web across a suite of ecosystems and a range of model types. Simulations were carried out under different levels of primary productivity and various fishing scenarios. In addition to exploring synergistic, additive or antagonistic combined effects of multiple stressors, we included a fourth category "dampened" which refers to less negative or less positive impacts compared to additive ones, and in contrast to previous studies, we explicitly considered the direction (positive or negative) of the combined effects. We focused on two specific combined effects (negative synergism and positive dampened) associated with the risk of resultant lower fish biomass than expected under additive effects. Through a meta analysis of the multi models' simulation results, we found that (i) the risk of negative synergism was generally higher for low trophic level (LTL) taxa, implying that following an increase of fishing pressure on a given LTL stock, the subsequent decrease of biomass under low primary productivity would be larger than expected under additive effects and (ii) the risk of positive dampened effects was generally higher for high trophic level (HTL) taxa, implying that given a management measure aimed at reducing the impact of fishing on HTL stocks, the subsequent rebuilding of these stocks would be slower than expected. Our approach to categorizing and exploring cumulative effects can be applied to evaluate other community properties, and provide guidance for fisheries management.
Emerging South East Asian Englishes and intelligibility
Year: 2006

An English lingua franca seems to be emerging in the ten ASEAN countries, and this paper investigates features of the pronunciation of this lingua franca. Twenty speakers, two from each of the ASEAN countries, were recorded while they were conversing in groups of three or four people, all from a different country. The speech that they used is analysed to identify shared features of pronunciation, especially to evaluate the effect that these features have on intelligibility, and it is argued that some of their shared non standard features actually enhance intelligibility. Finally, some of the misunderstandings that occurred are analysed to determine the extent to which pronunciation played a part, and it is found that only those features of pronunciation not shared by speakers from other ASEAN countries resulted in a break down in communication.