nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF DAM BREAK FLOWS USING DEPTH AVERAGED HYDRODYNAMIC AND THREE DIMENSIONAL CFD MODELS
Year: 2015

This paper investigates the capability of three different numerical models to simulate sudden dam break flows in the presence of an obstacle. The numerical results from a two dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic depth averaged model and two fully three dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models are presented. The models selected for this study are: (1) the free and opensource code TELEMAC 2D, (2) the commercially available CFD software package FLOW 3D, and (3) the free and open source CFD code OpenFOAM. TELEMAC 2D is based on the solution of the shallow water (Saint Venant) equations, which neglect vertical velocities and accelerations. Both FLOW 3D and OpenFOAM are based on the solution of the Navier Stokes equations along with the volume of fluid (VOF) method to track the location of the free surface at the air water interface. The numerical results are compared to existing experimental data from two flume experiments conducted as part of the European IMPACT project. Flow conditions in both experiments are complex due to the presence of hydraulic jumps, reflecting waves, and wet dry fronts. All three numerical models agree well with the water levels recorded in the experiments, especially for the triangular bottom sill case. The results from the depthaveraged model compare well with the experimental data and with the numerical results from the more sophisticated and computationally demanding 3D CFD models. The results from the CFD models show little improvement over those from the depth averaged model, with the exception of one location in the vicinity of a moving hydraulic jump.
Influence of organic amendments on growth, yield and quality of wheat and on soil properties during transition to organic production
Venue: Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems
Year: 2008

A transition period of at least 2 years is required for annual crops before the produce may be certified as organically grown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of three organic amendments on the yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. and on soil properties during transition to organic production. The organic amendments were composted farmyard manure (FYMC) vermicompost and lantana (Lantana spp. L. compost applied to soil at four application rates (60 kg N ha 1, 90 kg N ha 1, 120 kg N ha 1 and 150 kg N ha 1) The grain yield of wheat in all the treatments involving organic amendments was markedly lower (36 65% and 23 54% less in the first and second year of transition, respectively) than with the mineral fertilizer treatment. For the organic treatments applied at equivalent N rates, grain yield was higher for FYMC treatment, closely followed by vermicompost. In the first year of transition, protein content of wheat grain was higher (85.9 g kg 1) for mineral fertilizer treatment, whereas, in the second year, there were no significant differences among the mineral fertilizer treatment and the highest application rate (150 kg N ha 1) of three organic amendments. The grain P and K contents were, however, significantly higher for the treatments involving organic amendments than their mineral fertilizer counterpart in both years. Application of organic amendments, irrespective of source and rate, greatly lowered bulk density (1.14 1.25 Mg m 3) and enhanced pH (6.0 6.5) and oxidizable organic carbon (13 18.8 g kg 1) of soil compared with mineral fertilizer treatment after a 2 year transition period. Mineral fertilized plots, however, had higher levels of available N and P than plots with organic amendments. All the treatments involving organic amendments, particularly at higher application rates, enhanced soil microbial activities of dehydrogenase, b glucosidase, urease and phosphatase compared with the mineral fertilizer and unamended check treatments. We conclude that the application rate of 120 kg N ha 1 and 150 kg N ha 1 of all the three sources of organic amendments improved soil properties. There was, however, a 23 65% reduction in wheat yield during the 2 years of transition to organic production.
On the relationship between a quantum Markov semigroup and its representation via linear stochastic Schrodinger equations
Year: 2015

A quantum Markov semigroup can be represented via classical diffusion processes solving a stochastic Schrodinger equation. In this paper we first prove that a quantum Markov semigroup is irreducible if and only if classical diffusion processes are total in the Hilbert space of the system. Then we study the relationship between irreducibility of a quantum Markov semigroup and properties of these diffusions such as accessibility, the Lie algebra rank condition, and irreducibility. We prove that all these properties are, in general, stronger than irreducibility of the quantum Markov semigroup, nevertheless, they are equivalent for some important classes of semigroups.
Active Learning and Formative Assessment in a User Centered Design Course
Year: 2018

Trends in higher education call for teachers to do more to provide students an engaging and meaningful classroom experience. When active learning activities are added to classes, students interact and investigate topics in an interactive manner instead of relying solely on lecture to learn content. Often planned learning activities can also serve as formative assessments which support instruction and learning as they provide feedback to both students and instructor. This paper reviews literature related to active learning and the use of formative assessments. Then five different activities that were used as formative assessments in a user centered design course are explained. Students responded to a survey asking about the learning benefit and enjoyment of the activities. Survey results, discussion, limitations, and comments about future ideas are also included.
Fortalecimiento muscular del suelo pelvico durante el embarazo y post parto
Year: 2015

espanolEl objetivo de esta revision es saber si fortaleciendo el suelo pelvico en el embarazo se favorece la no aparicion de futuras complicaciones como incontinencia urinaria o fecal. En el presente estudio se examinan tres estudios controlados aleatorios. El numero total de sujetos ha sido de 634 mujeres gestantes o post parturientas. Las mujeres fueron evaluadas entre las 20 y 36 semanas de gestacion y desde las 6 semanas hasta el ano despues del alumbramiento. La intervencion se hizo tanto en casa como en consulta con terapeutas, en sesiones de 30 a 60 minutos. Las variables utilizadas para medir la efectividad del tratamiento fueron la mejora de la capacidad contractil del suelo pelvico durante y despues del embarazo, la aparicion de incontinencia urinaria y fecal, y el dolor de la faja pelvica. Los resultados del fortalecimiento del suelo pelvico son dispares, encontramos dos articulos en los que si hay mejoras significativas y otros dos en los que no. La calidad de los estudios controlados aleatorios seleccionados fue buena y homogenea basado en 21 criterios (11 de los cuales coindiden con los criterios de la base de datos especifica de fisioterapia PeDro) Aunque el presente estudio analiza solo tres articulos, no podemos concluir, de forma general, que el fortalecimiento del suelo pelvico conlleve mejoras significativas durante la gestacion o el post parto; serian necesarios mas estudios de investigacion en el campo para obtener mas datos. EnglishThe aim of this review is to clarify the effectiveness of exercising the pelvic floor muscles in order to reduce incontinence. Three randomized controlled trials were reviewed, including 634 women. The intervention was undertaken home or during clinical visits lasting 30 to 60 minutes. The measurements include strength of pelvic floor muscles before and after labor, fecal or urinary incontinence and pain. Results show improvement in two of the studies and no change in the other one. Regarding quality, the studies showed a high mark when considering 21 quality criteria, that included 11 PeDro criteria (Physiotherapy Evidence Database in CD Rom) After reviewing this three articles we can conclude that strengthening the pelvic floor results in significant improvement during pregnancy and after labor
Left atrial appendage occlusion using LAmbre Amulet and Watchman in atrial fibrillation.
Venue: Journal of cardiology
Year: 2019

Left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) has been suggested as an alternative to anticoagulation in non valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) The present study aimed to compare a LAmbre LAA occluder system [Lifetech Scientific (Shenzhen) Co. Ltd. Shenzhen, China] with the most investigated Amulet (St. Jude Medical Inc. St. Paul, MN, USA) and Watchman (Boston Scientific, Plymouth, MN, USA) devices in terms of peri procedural and short term outcomes.  This is a prospective observational study.  Overall, 140 patients (50 female, mean age 76.2+ 8.4 years) were consecutively enrolled. Mean CHA2DS2 VASc score was 3.8+ 1.5, and mean HAS BLED score was 3.9+ 1.1. Baseline clinical characteristics were comparable between the three groups (LAmbre, n=30; Amulet, n=74; Watchman, n=36) the LAmbre group had significantly more patients with complicated LAA morphology (p=0.006) The implant success rate was 100% in LAmbre, 99% in Amulet, and 100% in Watchman group (p=0.638) The number of device repositions was not significantly different between groups (0.7+ 1.1 in LAmbre, 1.0+ 2.0 in Amulet, and 1.4+ 1.8 in Watchman group, p=0.345) Fluoroscopic and procedural times were similar between groups. Major peri procedural adverse events did not differ between groups (0% vs. 0% vs. 2.8% p=0.233) Six months' follow up showed good device stability and patients' clinical condition in all groups.  LAmbre, Amulet, and Watchman exhibit remarkable implant success rate, low risk of peri procedural adverse events, and good clinical outcomes.
When technology shapes community in the Cultural and Craft Industries: Understanding virtual entrepreneurship in online ecosystems
Year: 2020

With the aim of providing greater insight into the nature and dynamics of the online entrepreneurial ecosystem in the Cultural and Craft Industries (CCIs) this study investigated the novel interactions taking place among virtual entrepreneurial firms operating in a relatively new technological context i.e. cybermediary platforms. It is argued that the technologically enabled connectivity offered by these platforms helps foster a distinctive sense of virtual community. Connectivity with users and peer firms allows a greater sense of identity, shared values, and membership that may not exist routinely. This sense of virtual community may give rise to mutually beneficial firm behaviors whereby support of other businesses becomes the norm. The literatures on sense of virtual community, e word of mouth, online social capital and e community are integrated to examine the entrepreneurial dynamics in a context epitomizing collaboration, cooperation and creativity. Results from 732 virtual entrepreneurial firms support the hypotheses that (i) a sense of virtual community is positively related to supporting and promoting peers in the CCIs; (ii) promoting other entrepreneurial ventures increases online social capital and (iii) this in turn creates beneficial outcomes for virtual entrepreneurial firms in the CCIs. Future research may delve even deeper into how technologies may influence the community, collaborative or competitive nature of firm behavior.
Linguistic imperialism and interpretation of intercultural approaches to English language teaching in a changing world
Year: 2013

The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of English language teaching (ELT) with a global perspective while recognizing the role of intercultural approaches in second language instruction. Recent concerns about the influence of English as a global language and linguistic imperialism in ELT resulting from the widespread instruction and use of English as a second language for communication have initiated interest in the adoption of culture learning and the development of intercultural awareness in second language education as a way to reduce linguistic and cultural dominance by encouraging attitudes of cultural tolerance and linguistic diversity in language teaching. This paper analyzes the implications surrounding the implementation of intercultural practices in second language teaching to reduce hegemonic tendencies, reviews approaches to ELT that have roots in traditional language teaching theory reflecting a tendency toward linguistic imperialism and colonization, and suggests ways of approaching English language instruction that promote cultural tolerance, intercultural awareness and cultural diversity.
A Fast Explicit Operator Splitting Method for Modified Buckley Leverett Equations
Venue: J. Sci. Comput.
Year: 2015

In this paper, we propose a fast explicit operator splitting method to solve the modified Buckley Leverett equations which include a third order mixed derivatives term resulting from the dynamic effects in the pressure difference between the two phases. The method splits the original equation into two equations, one with a nonlinear convective term and the other one with high order linear terms so that appropriate numerical methods can be applied to each of the split equations: the high order linear equation is numerically solved using a pseudo spectral method, while the nonlinear convective equation is integrated using the Godunov type central upwind scheme. The spatial order of the central upwind scheme depends on the order of the piecewise polynomial reconstruction: we test both the second order minmod based reconstruction and fifth order WENO5 one to demonstrate that using higher order spatial reconstruction leads to more accurate approximation of solutions. A variety of numerical examples in both one and two space dimensions show that the solutions may have many different saturation profiles depending on the initial conditions, diffusion parameter, and the third order mixed derivatives parameter. The results are consistent with the study of traveling wave solutions and their bifurcation diagrams.
Estimation of cable tension frequency based system identification method considering support vibration
Year: 2009

In order to enhance the identification precision,the flexure stiffness and support vibration are considered to model the cable,and the model is analyzed to obtain the displacement function and the relationship between cable tension force and frequency.We carry out several studies which have demonstrated that if the cable tension is little,the cable tension force considering the support vibration will be larger than the force omitting the vibration,but along with cable tension increasing the discrepancy becomes less,so the model considering the support vibration can accurately model the cable structure.
Adaptive strategies for collaborative work with scale quad rotors
Year: 2014

The purpose of this paper is to present strategies for the control of movement of rigid bodies via force actuators, possibly redundant. After a nonlinear feedback linealization of the considered dynamic models and the application of a suitable controller, an adaptive neural network based control component is incorporated in order to cope with modeling errors and disturbance rejection. An online sequential quadratic programing optimization with equality and inequality constraints assures an adequate configuration of actuator forces. Application to collaborative work in the transportation of a rigid body using a squadron of scale quad rotors is studied.
Examining the Academic Success of the Students in Drawing Techniques Course: The Case of Freshmen in Landscape Architecture
Year: 2017

In Landscape Architecture education the students are expected to produce a unique and creative product and express this product in two or three dimensions. For this aim drawing techniques related to visualizing the design are instructed in the first year of landscape architecture education in the Drawing Techniques course using conventional methods of expression. As a result, the students can express themselves and acquire the ability to use the lines and the pencil. Knowing how to draw enables students to obtain basic knowledge about what to express and how; acquiring the ability to use the pencil provide them the opportunity to draw quality images good sketches. After learning these skills, it will become easier for them to transfer their thoughts to digital media and to express their designs in digital media. In Landscape architecture education, to improve freshmen's technical drawing skills, practices related to two (plan, profile view) and three (perspectives) dimensional drawing techniques are conducted within the scope of Drawing Techniques course. In the present study, the practices that are implemented by freshmen who took Drawing Techniques course during five semesters between 2012 2017 academic years were examined. The change in the drawing performance of the students in practices was analyzed. It was also examined whether the two or three dimensional drawing techniques led to this change and whether the type of drawing techniques utilized affected their level of making mistakes and the variety of those mistakes.
Intergroup Leadership in Organizations: Leading Across Group and Organizational Boundaries
Year: 2012

Intergroup leadership leadership of collaborative performance of different organizational groups or organizations is associated with unique intergroup challenges that are not addressed by traditional leadership theories. To address this lacuna, we describe a theory of intergroup leadership. Firmly grounded in research on social identity and intergroup relations, the theory proposes that effective intergroup performance rests on the leader's ability to construct an intergroup relational identity. We describe key leadership actions to establish such an identity.
Chronic mTOR inhibition in mice with rapamycin alters T, B, myeloid, and innate lymphoid cells and gut flora and prolongs life of immune deficient mice
Venue: Aging cell
Year: 2015

The mammalian (mechanistic) target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates critical immune processes that remain incompletely defined. Interest in mTOR inhibitor drugs is heightened by recent demonstrations that the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin extends lifespan and healthspan in mice. Rapamycin or related analogues (rapalogues) also mitigate age related debilities including increasing antigen specific immunity, improving vaccine responses in elderly humans, and treating cancers and autoimmunity, suggesting important new clinical applications. Nonetheless, immune toxicity concerns for long term mTOR inhibition, particularly immunosuppression, persist. Although mTOR is pivotal to fundamental, important immune pathways, little is reported on immune effects of mTOR inhibition in lifespan or healthspan extension, or with chronic mTOR inhibitor use. We comprehensively analyzed immune effects of rapamycin as used in lifespan extension studies. Gene expression profiling found many and novel changes in genes affecting differentiation, function, homeostasis, exhaustion, cell death, and inflammation in distinct T and B lymphocyte and myeloid cell subpopulations. Immune functions relevant to aging and inflammation, and to cancer and infections, and innate lymphoid cell effects were validated in vitro and in vivo. Rapamycin markedly prolonged lifespan and healthspan in cancer and infection prone mice supporting disease mitigation as a mechanism for mTOR suppression mediated longevity extension. It modestly altered gut metagenomes, and some metagenomic effects were linked to immune outcomes. Our data show novel mTOR inhibitor immune effects meriting further studies in relation to longevity and healthspan extension.
Beyond Bags of Features: Spatial Pyramid Matching for Recognizing Natural Scene Categories
Venue: 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'06)
Year: 2006

This paper presents a method for recognizing scene categories based on approximate global geometric correspondence. This technique works by partitioning the image into increasingly fine sub regions and computing histograms of local features found inside each sub region. The resulting "spatial pyramid" is a simple and computationally efficient extension of an orderless bag of features image representation, and it shows significantly improved performance on challenging scene categorization tasks. Specifically, our proposed method exceeds the state of the art on the Caltech 101 database and achieves high accuracy on a large database of fifteen natural scene categories. The spatial pyramid framework also offers insights into the success of several recently proposed image descriptions, including Torralba's "gist" and Lowe's SIFT descriptors.
China and Bollywood: The Potential for Building the World's Largest Film Market
Year: 2020

In 2018, China briefly became the world's largest box office, beating Hollywood's global take in the first quarter of the year. The country also witnessed a major expansion in the number of movie screens available for domestic exhibition as developers built multiplex theaters in new shopping malls catering to the rapidly rising Chinese middle class. Parallel with these developments, however, has been the reported growth in popularity of Bollywood films in the middle kingdom. After ratifying a co production treaty with India in 2014, Chinese audiences reportedly began to flock to the newly available Bollywood blockbusters at their local multiplexes, cultivating large fan bases for Indian stars like Aamir Khan, Salman Khan, Akshay Kumar, and others. In this chapter, we analyze publicly available box office data focusing on the expanding market of Indian films in China, then review the explanations often given for the rise of Chinese interest in Indian cinema. Given that China reportedly has relatively few Indian residents compared to diasporic locations like North America, Europe, southeast Asian, and the like, we suggest that the high Chinese box office returns reported in the media potentially challenges previous findings linking diasporic enclaves and potential overseas profits. We conclude by reflecting upon how these trends may impact the development of a "Chindian" film market.