nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic differentiation in PyTorch
Year: 2017

In this article, we describe an automatic differentiation module of PyTorch a library designed to enable rapid research on machine learning models. It builds upon a few projects, most notably Lua Torch, Chainer, and HIPS Autograd  and provides a high performance environment with easy access to automatic differentiation of models executed on different devices (CPU and GPU) To make prototyping easier, PyTorch does not follow the symbolic approach used in many other deep learning frameworks, but focuses on differentiation of purely imperative programs, with a focus on extensibility and low overhead. Note that this preprint is a draft of certain sections from an upcoming paper covering all PyTorch features.
Workshop dan Pelatihan Pengajuan Sertifikat Halal bagi Pelaku Industri Makanan Olahan UMKM
Year: 2020

Indonesia adalah negara yang memiliki warga negara mayoritas adalah umat muslim. Sebagai umat Islam, kita diwajibkan mengkonsumsi makanan/minuman yang halal. Seiring dengan hal tersebut Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan Undang Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 tentang Jaminan Produk Halal, maka semua pelaku industri baik di bidang makanan/minuman olahan, produk farmasi dan lain lain wajib memiliki sertifikat halal. Namun hingga saat ini belum banyak indutri olahan yang mengajukan sertifikat halal terutama pada industri UMKM (usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah) Fakultas Farmasi dan sains (FFS) UHAMKA yang telah memiliki Pusat Kajian Halal UHAMKA (PKHU) berkewajiban untuk mensosialisasi dan mengedukasi kepada seluruh masyarakat mengenai pentingnya "halal" suatu produk. Target pada kegiatan workshop ini adalah pelaku usaha di bidang pengolahan makanan/minuman UMKM di wilayah Duren Sawit Jakarta Timur. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan melakukan pelatihan/workshop tentang tatacara pengajuan sertifikat halal dan dokumen dokumen yang harus dipersiapkan. Workshop diawali dengan sosialisasi pentingnya sertifikat halal kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pretest. Pre test untuk melihat sejauh mana pemahaman terkait sertifikasi halal. Workshop diakhiri dengan post test, untuk melihat peningkatan pemahaman setelah diberikan sosislaisasi dan pelatihan terkait sertifikasi halal. Hasil yang didapat adanya peningkatan pemahaman peserta (p<0,05) dibandingkan antara sebelum dengan sesudah pelatihan. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini adalah workshop yang diberikan bermanfaat untuk para pelaku usaha UMKM dalam meningkatkan pemahaman terkait tatacara sertifikasi halal.
Performance analysis of a floating breakwater integrated with multiple oscillating water column wave energy converters in regular and irregular seas
Year: 2020

Maritime structure integration is widely considered as a potential solution for reducing the high Levelised Cost of Electricity (LCOE) associated with Wave Energy Converter (WEC) technologies. However, the majority of published research has focused on fixed structure integration  with far fewer investigating the potential for floating structure integration  Expanding on previous works  this article investigates the performance of a p type floating breakwater integrated with multiple Oscillating Water Column (OWC) WECs through model scale hydrodynamic experimentation. While under varying structural arrangements including device configurations and motion constraints, the model was subjected to 13 generic irregular wave spectra. Results of the experimental investigation illustrate that OWC device integration provides distinct benefits to the non dimensional performance parameters of the floating breakwater in irregular sea states, which correlates strongly with the results obtained from previous regular wave analyses  With firm correlation between the regular and irregular analyses, it is hypothesized that device development could potentially forgo regular wave investigations in preference of irregular wave testing, as it yields a broader bandwidth of results with reduced temporal requirements. Similarly, it is illustrated that the irregular non dimensional parameter spectra can be used to effectively predict the performance characteristics of the device across different sea states. This article furthers the concept validation and feasibility of OWC WEC integrated floating breakwaters, and aids in the progression of the concept through the Technology Readiness Levels.
Analysis on the Legal Force of Copyright Registration Document as Evidence of Ownership of Indigenous Land
Year: 2021

Registration of copyright patent or registration is a letter approved and issued by the Ministry of Law and Human Rights for copyright. To protect the rights to indigenous land, the Moi tribal community has registered 2 (two) registrations that have been issued by the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, including 1) Registration of copyright with types of creation: Database and title of work: Results of the Open and Close Tribe Meeting with the head of the Tribe Council of Malamoi Sorong and Indigenous Peoples of the Moi Tribe on the Status of Indigenous Land Ownership in the Sorong City Government Area on behalf of the Malibela Klawalu clan, the Kalagison Milo clan, the Mubalus clan, the Kalawaisa clan, the Bawela Mubalus clan, the Osok Malaimsimsa clan. Marga Kalami Klaglas Klaglas On 10 April 2013. 2) Letter of Registration of copyright with the type of copyrights: Map of the 7 Boundary of the Moi Indigenous Land Owners in the Sorong City Area. Based on the document, the Moi tribal community used it as a basis to claim the lands in the Sorong City government territory were the indigenous land belonging to the Moi tribe. This study uses a statutory and conceptual approach. The results of this study are that the registration document does not have legal force as evidence to prove ownership of indigenous land rights. A letter of registration remains important if there are legal issues with copyright in the future. The document can be used as initial evidence to determine who has the rights to the subject or the copyright holder or ones who is more entitled to the subject.
Geographic Multipath Routing based on Triangle Link Quality Metric with Minimum Inter path Interference for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
Venue: J. King Saud Univ. Comput. Inf. Sci.
Year: 2021

Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) have emerged as the new class of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to meet the stringent Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of emerging applications. Multipath routing with cross layer approach appears to be a potential solution for supporting the distinct characteristics of WMSNs. However, due to the broadcast nature of the underlying medium, multiple paths are exposed to inter path interference. In addition, low power wireless links are asymmetric, error prone and unreliable in nature. Consequently, an accurate and stable link quality estimation is essential to guarantee the performance of routing protocol. This paper proposes Triangle link quality metric and minimum inter path Interference based Geographic Multipath Routing (TIGMR) protocol which finds multiple node disjoint paths in IEEE 802.15.4 compliant network. This cross layer routing protocol selects forwarding node based on a triangle link quality metric, remaining energy, and distance while anticipating minimum adjacent path interference effect. In addition, TIGMR protocol avoids Hidden Node Problem (HNP) at the sink node without using Request To Send/Clear To Send (RTS/CTS) handshake mechanism. Simulation results indicate TIGMR protocol optimizes overall performance and improves network lifetime as compared with state of the art Two Phase Geographic Forwarding (TPGF) and Link Quality and Energy Aware Routing (LQEAR) protocols.
Labeled Random Finite Sets and Multi Object Conjugate Priors
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Year: 2013

The objective of multi object estimation is to simultaneously estimate the number of objects and their states from a set of observations in the presence of data association uncertainty, detection uncertainty, false observations, and noise. This estimation problem can be formulated in a Bayesian framework by modeling the (hidden) set of states and set of observations as random finite sets (RFSs) that covers thinning, Markov shifts, and superposition. A prior for the hidden RFS together with the likelihood of the realization of the observed RFS gives the posterior distribution via the application of Bayes rule. We propose a new class of RFS distributions that is conjugate with respect to the multiobject observation likelihood and closed under the Chapman Kolmogorov equation. This result is tested on a Bayesian multi target tracking algorithm.
A New Energy Recovery Device by Utilizing the Merchant Ship Rolling
Venue: IEEE Access
Year: 2020

Wave energy is a renewable clean and resources for ships. According to the rolling characteristics of merchant ships, this research designs an energy recovery device installed on the ship deck to harvest the energy generated by waves. And a typical 50,000 ton ship is selected as the experimental platform of the device. The mathematical model is established and solved by Newmark <inline formula> <tex math notation="LaTeX"\beta /tex math>/inline formula> method, and a simulation platform is built in MATLAB. By simulating the movement of the slider in the device, it shows that the slider can realize reciprocating motion when the ship rolls continuously. Then, the relevant parameters in different combinations of natural frequency <inline formula> <tex math notation="LaTeX"\omega _{n} /tex math>/inline formula> and damping ratio <inline formula> <tex math notation="LaTeX"\varepsilon /tex math>/inline formula> are calculated, the power output of the device and the motion law of the slider are analyzed, and parameters' variable curves are drawn in figures. A reasonable combination of <inline formula> <tex math notation="LaTeX"\omega _{n}=1.225$ /tex math>/inline formula> Hz, <inline formula> <tex math notation="LaTeX"\varepsilon =0.0612$ /tex math>/inline formula> and a relatively ideal average power (174.11 W) are found by comparing amounts of simulated results from typical sea conditions. It is indicated that four main factors affecting the power generation of the device include the elasticity coefficient <inline formula> <tex math notation="LaTeX"$K$ /tex math>/inline formula> effective damping coefficient <inline formula> <tex math notation="LaTeX"$C$ /tex math>/inline formula> in the device, the ship rolling period and rolling angle. Besides, the device can still output power continuously by simulation in complex sea condition. Based on the research, it is proved that the device mentioned in this study has good feasibility in generating electric energy during ship rolling, which can provide valuable ideas for the application of wave energy in ships on voyage.
THE THREE LEVELS OF AUTHENTICITY IN HERITAGE CONSERVATION BASED URBAN REGENERATION: Recasting the conservation of tokyo station marunouchi building@@Dong Jing Yi Wan noNei Yi Yadoru woShi Li toshite
Year: 2016

This paper looks into an example of heritage conservation based urban regeneration the Tokyo Station Marunouchi Building in order to examine how authenticity in contemporary urban place making is molded. As an integrated framework, it explores the 1994 Nara Document on Authenticity and adopts its authenticity conditions (form design, materials substance, use function, tradition techniques, location setting, and spirit feeling) to develop an analytical framework. It then identifies the force of socio economic and political considerations that led to the place shaping, and heritagization of Tokyo Station and determined its conservation rationale. Using the created analytical framework, the work then investigates how authenticity is molded out of heritage conservation based urban regeneration.
How You Export Matters: Export Mode, Learning and Productivity in China
Year: 2013

Firms can choose how they export: directly or through intermediaries. What are the costs and benefits of such choices? Firms may choose to trade directly, even if this is more costly in the short run, if doing so results in better future outcomes. A policy pursued by China gives us a unique chance to look at such trade offs in the real world. Before China's accession to the WTO, a large share of domestic Chinese firms were not allowed to export directly, only through intermediaries. These restrictions on direct trading may have been a double edged sword: while firms may have been spared the costs of direct exporting, they may also have been barred from obtaining any benefits of doing so. We use frontier techniques to estimate a structural dynamic model and use it to evaluate the consequences of removing restrictions on direct trading, a major policy reform in China. We develop and estimate a dynamic discrete choice model where firms choose their export mode. We recover not only the sunk and fixed costs of exporting according to mode, but also the evolution of productivity and demand under different export modes. We find that the evolution of both demand and productivity is more favorable under direct exporting. However, on average, starting direct exporting requires significantly higher start up costs than starting indirect exporting. It is also more costly to remain a direct exporter than to remain an indirect one. Moreover, climbing the export ladder by starting off as an indirect exporter and then transitioning into direct exporting is cheaper than exporting directly to begin with. Our counterfactual experiment suggests that these restrictions on direct trading reduced Chinese export growth considerably. Exports would have been 30 percent less and the export participation rate would have been 37 percent lower had there been no liberalization of trading rights. In addition, we compare the effects of different trade policies, namely export subsidies and subsidies on export costs. For export subsidies, it is better to target direct exporters over indirect ones, both for increasing the number of exporters and in terms of exports per dollar expended. However for cost subsidies, the opposite is true.
PENGARUH TEMAN SEBAYA DAN REGULASI DIRI DALAM BELAJAR PADA MAHASISWA
Year: 2020

Self regulated learning is an independent and active way of learning to achieve academic goals. Peers have a significant role in the development of students' ability to process information and increase learning motivation. This study aims to determine the relationship between peer influence and self regulation in student learning. This study used a quantitative approach with a cross sectional design. The research sample consisted of 123 students of the Malahayati University Faculty of Medicine. Data analysis using the Spearman test on the SPSS 20 application with a significance level in this study was set with a value of p <0.05. The results showed a significant positive relationship between peer influence and self regulation in student learning. The results of this study have implications related to the development of self regulated learning through the role of peers.  Self Regulated Learning, Peer Influence, College Students Regulasi diri dalam belajar self regulated learning adalah cara belajar mahasiswa aktif secara individu untuk mencapai tujuan akademik.Teman sebaya memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam perkembangan kemampuan mahasiswa memproses informasi dan meningkatkan motivasi belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengaruh teman sebaya dengan regulasi diri dalam belajar pada mahasiswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional Sampel penelitian berjumal 123 mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati. Analisis data menggunakan uji Spearman pada aplikasi SPSS 20 dengan tingkat kemaknaan pada penelitian ini ditetapkan dengan nilai p 0,05 Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif yang signifikan antara pengaruh teman sebaya dengan regulasi diri dalam belajar pada mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan implikasi terkait pengembangan self regulated learning melalui peran teman sebaya.  Regulasi diri dalam belajar, Pengaruh Teman Sebaya,
Adding value to value stocks in Indian stock market: an empirical analysis
Year: 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the relevance of an accounting based fundamental strategy in adding value to value stocks in Indian stock market. The fundamentals based investment strategy "F score" given by Joseph Piotroski, has been used on stocks having high book to market ratio to eliminate the firms with poor future prospects from the entire portfolio of value stocks.  The market adjusted performance of all the firms in the sample is examined using one sample t test. Further, F score of all the firms in the sample is calculated and the independent sample t test has been used to examine the significance of mean difference between high score and low score firms. Finally, the predictive ability of F score in explaining the overall stock returns is examined using panel data regression analysis.  Results reveal that the mean market adjusted return of stocks, meeting all constructs of F score is significantly larger than the entire portfolio of valu.
Semi Supervised Semantic Segmentation Using Adversarial Learning for Pavement Crack Detection
Venue: IEEE Access
Year: 2020

Regular inspection of pavement conditions is important to guarantee the safety of transportation. However, current approaches are time consuming and subjective, which requires the technician to annotate each training image exactly pixel by pixel. To ease the workload of the inspector and lower the cost of acquiring the high quality training dataset, a semi supervised method for the pavement crack detection is proposed. Firstly, unlabeled pavement images can be used for the model training in our proposed algorithm, our model can generate a supervisory signal for unlabeled pavement images, which makes up for the deficiency of image annotation. Secondly, an adversarial learning method and a full convolution discriminator are adopted, which can learn to distinguish the ground truth from segmentation predictions. To improve the accuracy of pavement crack detection, the adversarial loss is coupled with the cross entropy loss in discriminator. Thus, the quality of the training model is no longer dependent on the quantity of the labeled dataset and the accuracy of the labeled. Compared with existing methods that can only employ labeled images, our method utilizes unlabeled images to improve the pavement crack detection accuracy. Moreover, our model is validated on the CFD dataset and AigleRN dataset, the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective. Compared with existing methods, not only can our method detect different types of cracks, but also be particularly effective when only a few labeled are available: when using 118 crack images with a resolution of $480 \times 320$ using only 50% of the labeled data, the detection accuracy of our model can reach 95.91%
Efficient Training of Semantic Image Segmentation on Summit using Horovod and MVAPICH2 GDR
Venue: 2020 IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium Workshops (IPDPSW)
Year: 2020

Deep Learning (DL) models for semantic image segmentation are an emerging trend in response to the explosion of multi class, high resolution image and video data. However, segmentation models are highly compute intensive, and even the fastest Volta GPUs cannot train them in a reasonable time frame. In our experiments, we observed just 6.7 images/second on a single Volta GPU for training DeepLab v3+ (DLv3+ a state of the art Encoder Decoder model for semantic image segmentation. For comparison, a Volta GPU can process 300 images/second for training ResNet 50, a state of the art model for image classification. In this context, we see a clear opportunity to utilize supercomputers to speed up training of segmentation models. However, most published studies on the performance of novel DL models such as DLv3+ require the user to significantly change Horovod, MPI, and the DL model to improve performance. Our work proposes an alternative tuning method that achieves near linear scaling without significant changes to Horovod, MPI, or the DL model. In this paper, we select DLv3+ as the candidate TensorFlow model and implement Horovod based distributed training for DLv3+ We observed poor default scaling performance of DLv3+ on the Summit system at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. To address this, we conducted an in depth performance tuning of various Horovod/MPI knobs to achieve better performance over the default parameters. We present a comprehensive scaling comparison for Horovod with MVAPICH2 GDR up to 132 GPUs on Summit. Our optimization approach achieves near linear (92% scaling with MVAPICH2 GDR. We achieved a "mIOU" accuracy of 80.8% for distributed training, which is on par with published accuracy for this model. Further, we demonstrate an improvement in scaling efficiency by 23.9% over default Horovod training, which translates to a 1.3x speedup in training performance.
Posttranslational b methylation and macrolactamidination in the biosynthesis of the bottromycin complex of ribosomal peptide antibiotics
Year: 2012

Bottromycins are unique peptide antibiotics that contain a macrolactamidine, several non proteinogenic amino acids and a thiazole. We hypothesised that the bottromycins originate from a ribosomally biosynthesised precursor that is elaborated to the mature antibiotics via a series of unusual posttranslational modifications, including b methylation of Phe, Val and Pro residues, and proteolytic macrolactamidine formation. To investigate this hypothesis, we generated a draft genome sequence of the bottromycin producer Streptomyces bottropensis DSM 40262 in which we identified a gene encoding a polypeptide containing a sequence corresponding to the putative precursor of the bottromycins. Deletion of the gene encoding this putative precursor peptide abolished production of bottromycins in S. bottropensis. Bottromycin production was restored in the resulting mutant by in trans expression of the entire operon containing the precursor peptide gene. In contrast to other posttranslationally modified ribosomal peptide antibiotics, the bottromycin precursor peptide lacks an N terminal "leader" sequence. Instead, it contains a C terminal "follower" sequence that is removed during post translational processing and that is presumably required for correct maturation of the antibiotic. Comparative sequence analyses of the proteins encoded by the genes flanking the precursor peptide gene identified ten enzymes that are likely to catalyse the posttranslational modifications required for bottromycin assembly. A gene cluster that is essentially identical to the S. bottropensis bottromycin biosynthetic gene cluster was identified in the complete genome sequence of the plant pathogen Streptomyces scabies 87.22 and LC MS analyses confirmed that S. scabies is a novel producer of bottromycins. Our findings set the stage for engineered biosynthesis of novel bottromycin analogues and delineate a plausible pathway for bottromycin biosynthesis.