nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effect of self Control and Parenting Attitude on Cyberbullying: Focus on Mediating Cyber Ethics
Year: 2019

Violence and crime are taking place in the cyber space that is forming a new culture and ethics, and internet ethical consciousness is required. This study was to investigate whether self control and parenting attitude directly affect cyberbullying. Also, it was confirmed that this self control and parenting attitude affects cyber ethics. In addition, we tried to confirm whether there is a mediating effect of cyber ethics on cyberbullying. For this, 283 data were collected from cyber violence experienced people. The research method used factor analysis and covariance structure analysis. The results of the study are as follows. First, self control and parenting attitudes had a significant effect on cyber ethics. Second, the mediating effect was confirmed in the causal relationship between parenting attitude toward children and cyberbullying. These findings suggest that parents' democratic attitude and cyber ethics should be strengthened to prevent and reduce cyberbullying. It should develop the ability to recognize cyber space correctly through parent education program, cyber ethics awareness program, cyber violence reduction and prevention program.
Guidance for Modifying the Definition of Diseases: A Checklist
Venue: JAMA internal medicine
Year: 2017

Importance No guidelines exist currently for guideline panels and others considering changes to disease definitions. Panels frequently widen disease definitions, increasing the proportion of the population labeled as unwell and potentially causing harm to patients. We set out to develop a checklist of issues, with guidance, for panels to consider prior to modifying a disease definition.  We assembled a multidisciplinary, multicontinent working group of 13 members, including members from the Guidelines International Network, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation working group, and the World Health Organisation. We used a 5 step process to develop the checklist: (1) a literature review of issues, (2) a draft outline document, (3) a Delphi process of feedback on the list of issues, (4) a 1 day face to face meeting, and (5) further refinement of the checklist. The literature review identified 12 potential issues. From these, the group developed an 8 item checklist that consisted of definition changes, number of people affected, trigger, prognostic ability, disease definition precision and accuracy, potential benefits, potential harms, and the balance between potential harms and benefits. The checklist is accompanied by an explanation of each item and the types of evidence to assess each one. We used a panel's recent consideration of a proposed change in the definition of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to illustrate use of the checklist.  We propose that the checklist be piloted and validated by groups developing new guidelines. We anticipate that the use of the checklist will be a first step to guidance and better documentation of definition changes prior to introducing modified disease definitions.
Chalcones as novel influenza A (H1N1) neuraminidase inhibitors from Glycyrrhiza inflata.
Venue: Bioorganic medicinal chemistry letters
Year: 2011

The emergence of highly pathogenic influenza A virus strains, such as the new H1N1 swine influenza (novel influenza) represents a serious threat to global human health. During our course of an anti influenza screening program on natural products, one new licochalcone G (1) and seven known (2 8) chalcones were isolated as active principles from the acetone extract of Glycyrrhiza inflata. Compounds 3 and 6 without prenyl group showed strong inhibitory effects on various neuraminidases from influenza viral strains, H1N1, H9N2, novel H1N1 (WT) and oseltamivir resistant novel H1N1 (H274Y) expressed in 293T cells. In addition, the efficacy of oseltamivir with the presence of compound 3 (5 mM) was increased against H274Y neuraminidase. This evidence of synergistic effect makes this inhibitor to have a potential possibility for control of pandemic infection by oseltamivir resistant influenza virus.
Ant community structure and response to disturbances on coastal dunes of Gulf of Mexico
Venue: Journal of Insect Conservation
Year: 2014

Coastal dunes are complex and fragile ecosystems. The decrease in environmental stressors from sea to inland creates zonation patterns of habitats, which support high biodiversity. Although coastal dunes have been examined in primary succession studies for more than 100 years, invertebrates have received much less attention than other taxa. In this study, we examined ant community composition and its relationship with vegetation structure on dunes, and used ants as indicators to reveal the influence of anthropogenic disturbances on these habitats. Quadrat sampling, hand collecting, and beating plants were used to sample ants on coastal dunes fringing the northern Gulf of Mexico. Ants representing 44 species were found, with diversity and number of functional groups increasing from foredunes to backdunes. Bush areas of the backdunes supported a unique ant community. Ant diversity was correlated with plant richness, stem number, and plant cover, but the correlation was not consistent among habitats. Ant diversity was lower in degraded, young planted, and re built but not in old planted sites. In addition, different types of disturbance changed the ant community and functional groups in different ways. Our study emphasizes the importance of protecting the whole dune system, especially the backdunes, which support high diversity but are often completely destroyed by urban development. Data from this research provides a benchmark to examine trajectories of coastal dune ecosystem degradation or recovery when exposed to natural or anthropogenic disturbances.
Metabarcoding of benthic eukaryote communities predicts the ecological condition of estuaries.
Venue: Environmental pollution
Year: 2015

DNA derived measurements of biological composition have the potential to produce data covering all of life, and provide a tantalizing proposition for researchers and managers. We used metabarcoding to compare benthic eukaryote composition from five estuaries of varying condition. In contrast to traditional studies, we found biotic richness was greatest in the most disturbed estuary, with this being due to the large volume of extraneous material (i.e. run off from aquaculture, agriculture and other catchment activities) being deposited in the system. In addition, we found strong correlations between composition and a number of environmental variables, including nutrients, pH and turbidity. A wide range of taxa responded to these environmental gradients, providing new insights into their sensitivities to natural and anthropogenic stressors. Metabarcoding has the capacity to bolster current monitoring techniques, enabling the decisions regarding ecological condition to be based on a more holistic view of biodiversity.
Fabrication and Nonlinear Thermomechanical Analysis of SU8 Thermal Actuator
Venue: Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems
Year: 2016

SU8 based micromechanical structures are widely used as thermal actuators in the development of compliant micromanipulation tools. This paper reports the design, nonlinear thermomechanical analysis, fabrication, and thermal actuation of SU8 actuators. The thermomechanical analysis of the actuator incorporates nonlinear temperature dependent properties of SU8 polymer to accurately model its thermal response during actuation. The designed SU8 thermal actuators are fabricated using surface micromachining techniques and the electrical interconnects are made to them using flip chip bonding. The issues due to thermal stress during fabrication are discussed and a novel strategy is proposed to release the thermal stress in the fabricated actuators. Subsequent characterization of the actuator using an optical profilometer reveals excellent thermal response, good repeatability, and low hysteresis. The average deflection is ~8.5 mm for an actuation current of ~5 mA. The experimentally obtained deflection profile and the tip deflection at different currents are both shown to be in good agreement with the predictions of the nonlinear thermomechanical model. This underscores the need to consider nonlinearities when modeling the response of SU8 thermal actuators.
Eager Pruning: Algorithm and Architecture Support for Fast Training of Deep Neural Networks
Venue: 2019 ACM/IEEE 46th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA)
Year: 2019

Today's big and fast data and the changing circumstance require fast training of Deep Neural Networks (DNN) in various applications. However, training a DNN with tons of parameters involves intensive computation. Enlightened by the fact that redundancy exists in DNNs and the observation that the ranking of the significance of the weights changes slightly during training, we propose Eager Pruning, which speeds up DNN training by moving pruning to an early stage. Eager Pruning is supported by an algorithm and architecture co design. The proposed algorithm dictates the architecture to identify and prune insignificant weights during training without accuracy loss. A novel architecture is designed to transform the reduced training computation into performance improvement. Our proposed Eager Pruning system gains an average of 1.91x speedup over state of the art hardware accelerator and 6.31x energy efficiency over Nvidia GPUs.
Theoretical dimension of outdoor thermal comfort research
Venue: Sustainable Cities and Society
Year: 2019

Traditional methods to process comfort data are constantly criticised due to their inability to provide an explanation for thermal satisfaction achievement. Theories, however, seem to present a solution to this growing issue. Therefore, this study aims to review how the efforts made in the existing literature can benefit from theoretical frameworks to understand comfort data. The results showed the usage of theories in outdoor thermal comfort research is very limited. Furthermore, from the three categories identified for classifying these theories (personal, environmental and behavioural) personal based frameworks are most widely used. The results have shed light on our understanding of thermal satisfaction in outdoor spaces. It is expected the findings will contribute to developing thermal comfort standards that are specific to outdoor settings.
IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION ON ECONOMIC GROWTH AND POVERTY: The South Asian Region
Year: 2019

This study assesses the impact of trade liberalization in the South Asian region on economic growth and poverty, in light of reinforcement of basic objectives of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) For this purpose seven South Asian countries, namely Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Nepal and Bhutan, were selected. The study period has been divided into preand post liberalization (1960 to 1995 and 1996 to 2014) Economic growth and poverty equations were separately estimated with Fixed Effect Model on the panel data. The results show a significant positive impact of openness of South Asian countries which specifically signifies the role of Bangladesh in case of growth and India in case of poverty, in the region. Gini (income inequality) of individual countries worsens the average income growth and poverty situation of South Asian region but specifically highlights a prominent role of Bangladesh and Bhutan in reducing growth, while Bhutan and India in raising poverty of the region. Unemployment policies of all the South Asian countries; specially, of India and Bangladesh worsens the economic growth and, Pakistan and Bhutan worsens the poverty situation of the region. During both periods of the study, economic growth shows a positive impact over poverty of the region. Nepal and Pakistan have a leading role in this context. Results are mostly significant but weak share of factors emphasize the adoption of effective pro poor growth policies along with openness policies according to specific requirements of the concerned economies.
State of the Art 2019 on Gene therapy for Phenylketonuria.
Venue: Human gene therapy
Year: 2019

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is considered to be a paradigm for a monogenic metabolic disorder but was never thought to be a primary application for human gene therapy due to established alternative treatment. However, somewhat unanticipated improvement in neuropsychiatric outcome upon long term treatment of adults with PKU with enzyme substitution therapy might slowly change this assumption. In parallel, PKU was for a long time considered to be an excellent test system for experimental gene therapy of a Mendelian autosomal recessive defect of the liver due to an outstanding mouse model and the easy to analyze and well defined therapeutic end point, i.e. blood L phenylalanine (L Phe) concentration. Life long treatment by targeting the mouse liver (or skeletal muscle) was achieved using different approaches, including (i) rAAV or non viral naked DNA vector based gene addition, (ii) genome editing using base editors delivered by rAAV vectors, and (iii) by delivering rAAVs for promoter less insertion of the PAH cDNA into the Pah locus. Here we summarize the gene therapeutic attempts of correcting a mouse model for PKU and discuss the future implications for human gene therapy.
ICP WITH DEPTH COMPENSATION FOR CALIBRATION OF MULTIPLE TOF SENSORS
Venue: 2018 3DTV Conference: The True Vision Capture, Transmission and Display of 3D Video (3DTV CON)
Year: 2018

We propose an iterative closest point (ICP) based calibration for time of flight (ToF) multiple depth sensors. For the multiple sensor calibrations, we usually use 2D patterns calibration with IR images. The depth sensor output depends on calibration parameters at a factory; thus, the re calibration must include gaps from the calibration in the factory. Therefore, we use direct correspondences among depth values, and the calibrating extrinsic parameters by using ICP. Usually, simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) uses ICP, such as KinectFusion. The case of multiple sensor calibrations, however, is harder than the SLAM case. In this case, the distance between cameras is too far to apply ICP. Therefore, we modify the ICP based calibration for multiple sensors. The proposed method uses specific calibration objects to enforce the matching ability among sensors. Also, we proposed a compensation method for ToF depth map distortions.
Maximizing Customer Lifetime value using Dynamic Programming: Theoretical and Practical Implications
Year: 2020

Dynamic programming models play a significant role in maximizing customer lifetime value (CLV) in different market types including B2B, B2C, C2B, C2C and B2B2C. This paper highlights the main contributions of applying dynamic programming models in CLV as an effective direct marketing measure. It mainly focuses on Markov Decision Process, Approximate Dynamic Programming (i.e. Reinforcement Learning (RL) Deep RL, Double Deep RL, finally Deep Quality Value (DQV) and Rainbow models. It presents the theoretical and practical implications of each of the market types. DQV and Rainbow models outperform the traditional dynamic programming models and generate reliable results without overestimating the action values or generating unrealistic actions. Meanwhile, neither DQV nor Rainbow has been applied in the area of direct marketing to maximize CLV in any of the market types. Hence, it is a recommended research direction.
Darwin: A Genomics Co processor Provides up to 15,000X Acceleration on Long Read Assembly
Venue: USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Year: 2019

Genomics is transforming medicine and our understanding of life in fundamental ways. Genomics data, however, is far outpacing Moore>>s Law. Third generation sequencing technologies produce 100X longer reads than second generation technologies and reveal a much broader mutation spectrum of disease and evolution. However, these technologies incur prohibitively high computational costs. Over 1,300 CPU hours are required for reference guided assembly of the human genome, and over 15,600 CPU hours are required for de novo assembly. This paper describes "Darwin" a co processor for genomic sequence alignment that, without sacrificing sensitivity, provides up to $15,000X speedup over the state of the art software for reference guided assembly of third generation reads. Darwin achieves this speedup through hardware/algorithm co design, trading more easily accelerated alignment for less memory intensive filtering, and by optimizing the memory system for filtering. Darwin combines a hardware accelerated version of D SOFT, a novel filtering algorithm, alignment at high speed, and with a hardware accelerated version of GACT, a novel alignment algorithm. GACT generates near optimal alignments of arbitrarily long genomic sequences using constant memory for the compute intensive step. Darwin is adaptable, with tunable speed and sensitivity to match emerging sequencing technologies and to meet the requirements of genomic applications beyond read assembly.
Change in Antibiotic Resistance of Helicobacter pylori Strains and the Effect of A2143G Point Mutation of 23S rRNA on the Eradication of H. pylori in a Single Center of Korea
Venue: Journal of clinical gastroenterology
Year: 2010

The current prevalence of primary antibiotic resistance of H. pylori is not known in Korea. This study was done to evaluate the prevalence of primary antibiotic resistance of H. pylori, and to evaluate the effect of point mutations of 23S rRNA on the rate of eradication of H. pylori.  H. pylori were isolated from gastric mucosal biopsy specimens obtained from 222 Koreans. The susceptibilities of the H. pylori isolates to amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin were examined using the agar dilution method. DNA sequencing was carried out to detect H. pylori 23S rRNA mutations.  The resistance to clarithromycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin increased during the period of 2007 to 2009 compared with 2003 to 2005 (P<0.05) However, amoxicillin and metronidazole resistance slightly decreased. The rates of eradication were 95.5% for the clarithromycin sensitive strains, which was higher than the 67.9% for the clarithromycin resistant strains (P=0.001) By contrast, the eradication rate was 100% in patients with amoxicillin resistant H. pylori. Among 26 clarithromyin resistant strains, 6 (23% had A2143G mutations, and all of the cases in which these mutations were present were not eradicated by proton pump inhibitor based triple therapy (P=0.0004) By contrast, none of the 26 clarithromyin sensitive strains had A2143G mutations. The T2183C and A2223G mutations were frequently found in the sensitive strains and in the resistant strains.  Clarithromycin resistance of H. pylori, which determined the efficacy of H. pylori eradication of proton pump inhibitor triple regimen, was found to be increased in a single center study. A2143G was an important 23S rRNA mutation associated with clarithromycin resistance and affected the H. pylori eradication efficacy.
Energy Crisis and Sustainable Development in Africa: Perspectives of Some Nigerians on Awareness, Causes and Way Forward
Year: 2012

Focusing on some Nigerians' extent of awareness, possible causes and the way forward on energy crisis, this paper examined the status of energy crisis in Africa and its strong link to development in the Continent using Nigeria (the so called giant of Africa) as a case study. Four hundred and forty nine (N 449) post graduate students from Benue State University and University of Agriculture all in Makurdi (representing 33 out of 36 States in Nigeria) responded to "Perception of Energy Crisis in Nigeria Questionnaire (PECNQ)" developed and validated by the researcher. The instrument which has a reliability coefficient of 0.79 using Cronbach Alpha was used to collect data which were analyzed using frequency, means, standard deviation and rank order. The results show among others that even the educated are only aware to a little extent on the extent of energy crisis in Nigeria; most people are not conscious of the contributions of the society through poor maintenance culture and waste to the crisis. However, corruption, conscientiousness and illiteracy ranked highest among factors that lead to energy crisis. On the other hand, a change in attitude to life was considered the most important step towards elimination of energy crisis followed by the need for mass literacy campaign, education of the generally poor rural populace and drastic reduction in population through birth control and tax on extra number of children above the maximum allowed.
A Meta Analysis of Gender Group Differences for Measures of Job Performance in Field Studies
Year: 2012

There are multiple views in human resource management and organizational behavior concerning gender differences in measures of job performance. Some researchers suggest that males generally are evaluated higher than females across a variety of situations that include job performance measurement. At the same time, the presence of specific status cues in expectation states theory (EST; similar to the concept of individuating information) suggests that measures of job performance will be more similar than different for males and females. Previous analyses are unclear in their results for the measurement of the construct of job performance because they have included, and/or focused on, additional constructs (e.g. hiring suitability, leadership performance aggregated with leadership satisfaction) or have used student samples in lab experiments. The authors of this article conducted a meta analysis of job performance measures from field studies. They found that females generally scored slightly higher than males (mean d .11, 80% credibility interval of .33 to .12) Other analyses suggested that, although job performance ratings favored females, ratings of promotion potential were higher for males. Thus, ratings of promotability may deserve further attention as a potential source of differential promotion rates. These findings and processes are discussed within the context of EST.