nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The mechanical and microstructural properties of refuse mudstone GGBS red mud based geopolymer composites made with sand
Year: 2020

In this study, refuse mudstone, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and red mud were used as the precursor materials for geopolymer. Water glass was used as the alkaline activator for polymer synthesis and standard sand was used as the aggregate in the polymer composites. A series of laboratory tests including unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests, Brazil tensile strength (BTS) tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests were carried out for mechanical and microstructural analysis. The coupled influence of the content of refuse mudstone (P) and the content of alkaline activator (Q) was investigated. Results show that it is feasible to synthesize geopolymer using refuse mudstone, GGBS and red mud. The produced geopolymer composites could have the highest UCS of 23.48 MPa (P 30% and Q 25% and the highest BTS of 2.98 MPa (P 30% and Q 10% Due to the inactive crystal phases in refuse mudstone, the UCS of geopolymer composites was increased and the strain at the UCS (eUCS) was increased. The influence of Q on the UCS and eUCS was not evident and it was affected by P. Similarly, the influence of P and Q on the BTS of geopolymer composites was also found to be dependent on each other. Compared with cemented paste backfill composites, the relatively high strength and small permeability of geopolymer composites originated from its compact microstructure. The influence of P and Q on the geopolymer composites was also confirmed by failure mode analysis and SEM analysis at the micro scale.
Polyelectrolyte complex based self healing, fatigue resistant and anti freezing hydrogels as highly sensitive ionic skins
Year: 2020

Self healing polymeric hydrogels with high mechanical strength, excellent resilience and anti freezing properties are fabricated for application as ionic skins with excellent and reliable sensing performances. The hydrogels are prepared by complexing polyacrylamide (PAAm) with polyacrylic acid (PAA) chelated with Fe3+ ions followed by shape processing and loading of NaCl salts. The loading of NaCl within the hydrogels can generate hydrophobic domains to enhance their mechanical strength and resilience and endow the hydrogels with ionic conductivity as high as ~0.72 S m 1. Because of the synergy of hydrogen bonding and coordination interactions as well as the hydrophobic domains, the resultant PAAm/PAA Fe3+/NaCl hydrogels exhibit a high tensile strength of ~1.18 MPa and excellent fatigue resistance. The PAAm/PAA Fe3+/NaCl hydrogel based ionic skins display quick, reversible and reliable resistance changes with a wide spectrum of strain (0.2 500% and pressure (0.1 10 kPa) sensing capability. The sensing performance of the physically damaged and fatigued ionic skins can be conveniently restored by healing of the PAAm/PAA Fe3+/NaCl hydrogels under mild conditions. Moreover, the loaded NaCl greatly decreases the freezing point of water entrapped within the PAAm/PAA Fe3+/NaCl hydrogels to 24.7 degC, which allows the application of the ionic skins at subzero temperatures.
Konzeption von Kommunikationsprogrammen
Year: 2014

Eine der wesentlichen Errungenschaften des Kommunikationsmanagements ist die in der Praxis von Unternehmen und Agenturen entwickelte Konzeptionslehre. Sie befasst sich mit der systematischen Entwicklung von PR oder Kommunikationskonzepten. Dieser Beitrag skizziert die Grundelemente heutiger Konzeptionsmodelle, die als systematischer Problemlosungsprozess von der Situationsanalyse uber die Planung und arbeitsteilige Umsetzung bis zur Evaluation reichen. Daruber hinaus wird gezeigt, wie sich die Konzeption in einem Kommunikationsmanagement neuerer Pragung in enger Verschrankung mit der Unternehmensstrategie vollziehen kann. Kern der Kommunikationsplanung ist dort die Strategiefindung, die von unternehmensstrategischen Imperativen ausgeht und als dynamisches Wechselspiel von kommunikativer Zieldefinition, Positionierung, Definition der Bezugsgruppen, Definition der Medien und Themen sowie Festlegung zentraler Botschaften anzulegen ist.
Integrating Coverage Analysis into Test driven Development of Model Transformations
Year: 2013

For testing model transformations, a software engineer usually designs a test suite consisting of test cases where each test case consists of one or several models. In order to ensure a high quality of such a test suite, coverage achieved by the test cases with regard to the system under test must be systematically measured. The results obtained during coverage analysis can then be used e.g. for creating additional test cases. In addition to measuring coverage, a software engineer developing a model transformation is also confronted with how to integrate such coverage analysis results into the development process. For example, the software engineer has to decide when to measure coverage, when to investigate the results and how and when to take appropriate actions. In this paper, we present a prototypical tool which can be used for measuring coverage of test requirements for model transformations. We explain how a software engineer can make use of it in a test driven development process for model transformations, in order to systematically develop high quality model transformations.
Influence of Ca2+ on phosphate removal from water using a non core shell Fe3O4@ZIF 67 composites
Year: 2020

Excessive phosphate in surface water can spur the growth of organism, which put a threat on the bio safety of drinking water. Different from previous study, sodium acetate (NaAc) was used as modification agent of Fe3O4, then the magnetic Fe3O4@ZIF 67 composites with a non core shell sturture were synthesized. According to ZIF 67 loading and phosphate adsorption of synthesized Fe3O4@ZIF 67, the Fe3O4@ZIF 67 composites with a Co2+/Fe3O4 molar ratio of 1:2 was taken into further evaluation. Fe3O4@ZIF 67 composites exhibited satisfactory adsorption performance and easy magnetic recovery, and the sorption capacity reached 116.59 mg P/g within 180 min (C0 20 mg P/L, 298 K) The maximum adsorption capacity of phosphate was obtained at the neutral pH, and not significantly interfered with ions of K+ Mg2+ NO3 and SO42 Remarkably, Fe3O4@ZIF 67 described enhanced phosphate adsorption ability in the presence of Ca2+ To investigate the role of Ca2+ two modes (preloading and addition) of Ca2+ dosing were examined and the improved adsorptive performance could be owing to the synergistic eff ;ect of adsorption and Ca P micro precipitation on the surface of Fe3O4@ZIF 67. During the regeneration process, the performance of desorbent was evaluated by phosphate releasing and secondary adsorption, and the absence or presence of Ca2+ would have a significant impact on the selection of desorption solution.
[Effects of nitrogen application level on photosynthate distribution of Korla fragrant pear trees]
Venue: Ying yong sheng tai xue bao The journal of applied ecology
Year: 2020

Using 13C pulsed labeling technique, we examined the biomass and carbon accumulation of different organs as well as the distribution characteristics of 13C assimilate of 6 year old Korla fragrant pear trees under three nitrogen application levels, i.e. 150, 300, and 450 kg N*hm 2 (marked as N1, N2, and N3, respectively) Results showed that the biomass, carbon accumulation, 13C fixation and leaf assimilation capacity of the whole pear tree increased while root to shoot ratio decreased with increasing nitrogen application. Both biomass and carbon accumulation amount of reproductive organs (i.e. fruits) were the highest under N2 treatment. The 13C content and distribution rate of each organ changed dynamically along with increasing nitrogen application. At the new shoot growing stage, leaves and roots had stronger competitive abilities for photosynthate, with 13C distribution rates being the highest under N1 treatment. During fruit swelling and mature stages, leaves and fruits were more competitive, with 13C content and distribution rate in leaves being the highest under N3 treatment and those in fruits being the highest under N2 treatment. According to the absorption and distribution characteristics of carbon assimilate across organs under the three nitrogen application levels, the optimal nitrogen application level for achieving high fruit yield in the 6 year old Korla fragrant pear tree orchard is recommended as 300 kg*hm 2
Multi objective robust optimization of multi directional carbon/glass fibre reinforced hybrid composites with manufacture related uncertainties under flexural loading
Year: 2017

Multi objective robust optimization of multi directional carbon/glass fibre reinforced epoxy hybrid composites has been presented in this study. Two conflicting objectives, namely minimizing the density and minimizing the cost under the constraint of a specified minimum flexural strength, were considered with the design variables being the fibre type, fibre orientation angle and fibre volume fraction of each lamina.  Furthermore, robust optimization problems were defined by including manufacturing related uncertainties in the thickness and orientation of each lamina. These uncertain variables were considered as uncertain but bounded with the worst case for the minimum flexural strength being determined through an internal anti optimization solver. The optimization and anti optimization problems were solved with Pareto optimal and robust solutions being presented for carbon/glass fibre hybrid composites with different levels of minimum flexural strength. The results showed that, in general, consideration of uncertainties in thickness and fibre orientation angle increased the material cost and/or density with this effect being more important for high strength composites.
Developing Pre service Mathematics Teachers' Metacognitive Thinking for Learning and Teaching with Mobile Technology
Year: 2018

In the present study, we report the preparation of 24 pre service teachers who were in their third academic year, majoring in teaching mathematics and computer science in the middle school, for using metacognition in their mathematical problem solving. We used different tools to collect data: The pre service teachers' solutions' texts of carrying out activities on solving authentic real life mathematical problems that emphasize metacognitive processes, the pre service teachers' texts for the design and preparation of such activities that encourage students' metacognitive processes, interviews with the pre service teachers, the discussion texts in the social network sites and observations of the implementation of activities. To analyze the data, we used the constant comparison method. The research findings indicated that the participating pre service teachers developed their metacognitive skills as learners at the beginning and then as teachers. This development as teachers included two aspects: activity design and activity implementation. In addition, we describe a preparation model that included different phases starting from the theoretical phase and ending in a reflection phase, where some parts of these phases are cyclic. We concluded that it is possible to educate pre service teachers for metacognitive practices, as learners and as teachers. To succeed in this education, the pre service teachers need to solve activities that emphasize metacognitive skills, to design such activities, to teach them, to discuss their practices, and to reflect on the whole sequence of metacognitive processes. Special attention was given to using mobile technology in solving authentic real life mathematical problems and to collaborative learning.
Measurement of astrophysical S factors and electron screening potentials for d(d,n)He3 reaction in ZrD2, TiD2 and TaD0.5 targets in the ultralow energy region using plasma accelerator
Year: 2012

The present paper is devoted to the study of the electron screening effect influence on the rate of d d n He 3 reaction in the ultralow deuteron collision energy range in the deuterated metals (ZrD 2 TiD 2 and TaD 0.5 The ZrD 2 TiD 2 and TaD0.5 targets were fabricated via magnetron sputtering of titanium, zirconium and tantalum in gas (deuterium) environment. The experiments have been carried out using the high current pulsed Hall plasma accelerator (NSR TPU, Russia) The detection of neutrons with energy of 2.5 MeV from the dd reaction was done with plastic scintillation spectrometers. As a result of the experiments, the energy dependences of the astrophysical S factor for the dd reaction in the deuteron collision energy range of 2 7 keV and the values of the electron screening potential U e of the interacting deuterons have been measured for the above targets: U e ZrD 2 205 35 eV U e TiD 2 125 34 eV U e TaD 0.5 313 58 eV Our results are compared with the other published experimental and calculated data.
CPX 351 (cytarabine and daunorubicin) Liposome for Injection Versus Conventional Cytarabine Plus Daunorubicin in Older Patients With Newly Diagnosed Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Venue: Journal of clinical oncology official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
Year: 2018

CPX 351 is a dual drug liposomal encapsulation of cytarabine and daunorubicin that delivers a synergistic 5:1 drug ratio into leukemia cells to a greater extent than normal bone marrow cells. Prior clinical studies demonstrated a sustained drug ratio and exposure in vivo and prolonged survival versus standard of care cytarabine plus daunorubicin chemotherapy (7+3 regimen) in older patients with newly diagnosed secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML)  In this open label, randomized, phase III trial, 309 patients age 60 to 75 years with newly diagnosed high risk/sAML received one to two induction cycles of CPX 351 or 7+3 followed by consolidation therapy with a similar regimen. The primary end point was overall survival.  CPX 351 significantly improved median overall survival versus 7+3 (9.56 v 5.95 months; hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.90; one sided P .003) Overall remission rate was also significantly higher with CPX 351 versus 7+3 (47.7% v 33.3% two sided P .016) Improved outcomes were observed across age groups and AML subtypes. The incidences of nonhematologic adverse events were comparable between arms, despite a longer treatment phase and prolonged time to neutrophil and platelet count recovery with CPX 351. Early mortality rates with CPX 351 and 7+3 were 5.9% and 10.6% (two sided P .149) through day 30 and 13.7% and 21.2% (two sided P .097) through day 60.  CPX 351 treatment is associated with significantly longer survival compared with conventional 7+3 in older adults with newly diagnosed sAML. The safety profile of CPX 351 was similar to that of conventional 7+3 therapy.
SATISFACCION ACADEMICA ANTE LAS PRACTICAS PROFESIONALES UNIVERSITARIAS
Year: 2020

La satisfaccion academica como concepto psicologico, se engloba en los factores que promueven el desarrollo de las fortalezas humanas y su adecuado funcionamiento, ademas resulta ser un indicador de calidad educativa de suma importancia. El objetivo de esta investigacion fue evaluar la satisfaccion academica de estudiantes de licenciatura hacia las practicas profesionales en escenarios reales. Participaron voluntariamente 118 estudiantes de cuarto, sexto y octavo semestre de la carrera de psicologia de una universidad publica mexicana. Se diseno y valido una escala para medir la satisfaccion hacia el rol del facilitador, la estrategia didactica y el desempeno etico estudiantil. El puntaje global obtenido nos indica un nivel de satisfaccion alto, asi tambien, la dimension desempeno etico estudiantil mostro la percepcion de satisfaccion mas alta en comparacion con las otras dimensiones. Tambien observamos diferencias significativas entre la satisfaccion academica de cada dimension y el semestre cursado, los estudiantes del semestre intermedio obtuvieron los puntajes mas bajos. Consideramos que la etica profesional y los valores implicados en la practica son factores que influyen decisivamente en la propia formacion integral de los estudiantes y en la percepcion de su bienestar en el entorno academico. Discutimos la importancia de profundizar en el estudio de la practica docente y como influye en las valoraciones que hace el alumno de ello.
PAT Based Control of Fluid Bed Coating Process Using NIR Spectroscopy to Monitor the Cellulose Coating on Pharmaceutical Pellets
Venue: AAPS PharmSciTech
Year: 2016

Current endeavor was aimed towards monitoring percent weight build up during functional coating process on drug layered pellets. Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is an emerging process analytical technology (PAT) tool which was employed here within quality by design (QbD) framework. Samples were withdrawn after spraying every 15 Kg cellulosic coating material during Wurster coating process of drug loaded pellets. NIR spectra of these samples were acquired using cup spinner assembly of Thermoscientific Antaris II, followed by multivariate analysis using partial least squares (PLS) calibration model. PLS model was built by selecting various absorption regions of NIR spectra for Ethyl cellulose, drug and correlating the absorption values with actual percent weight build up determined by HPLC. The spectral regions of 8971.04 to 8250.77 cm 1, 7515.24 to 7108.33 cm 1, and 5257.00 to 5098.87 cm 1 were found to be specific to cellulose, where as the spectral region of 6004.45 to 5844.14 cm 1was found to be specific to drug. The final model gave superb correlation co efficient value of 0.9994 for calibration and 0.9984 for validation with low root mean square of error (RMSE) values of 0.147 for calibration and 0.371 for validation using 6 factors. The developed correlation between the NIR spectra and cellulose content is useful in precise at line prediction of functional coat value and can be used for monitoring the Wurster coating process.
The "Surgical" Legitimacy of Drone Strikes? Issues of Sovereignty and Human Rights in the Use of Unmanned Aerial Systems in Pakistan
Year: 2014

The Revolution in Military Affairs had an important role in providing the United States Armed Forces the technical instruments necessary to conduct high risky operations in the context of Irregular Warfare. The development of these instruments, such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) allowed the emergence of a discourse of surgical and lean wars by the George W. Bush and Barack Obama administrations, whose legitimacy of the interventions were related to the accuracy and technical superiority of the UAVs. Focusing in the case of the U.S. drone strikes in Pakistan, this article seeks to debate the legal limits of the employment of these instruments. Despite the supposed accuracy and visual capacity of the UAVs, we argue that there are several information on the deaths of civilians, and legal limitations in the International Humanitarian Law, that constrain the employment of this instrument, and illegitimate the argument of surgical war.
Testing the Effectiveness of Reading Remedial Intervention Programme on Reading Ability of Children with Learning Disorder.
Year: 2019

The research paper studies the effect of reading remedial intervention on children with learning disorder. The researcher worked with 16 children with learning disorder from an English medium school in Nasik for 3 months. The statistical data obtained in pre test and post test revealed significant improvement in the reading ability of these children. It is hoped that the study will help to bring improvement in the reading ability of children with learning disorder.
Joint Offloading and Trajectory Design for UAV Enabled Mobile Edge Computing Systems
Venue: IEEE Internet of Things Journal
Year: 2019

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been considered in wireless communication systems to provide high quality services for their low cost and high maneuverability. This paper addresses a UAV aided mobile edge computing system, where a number of ground users are served by a moving UAV equipped with computing resources. Each user has computing tasks to complete, which can be separated into two parts: one portion is offloaded to the UAV and the remaining part is implemented locally. The UAV moves around above the ground users and provides computing service in an orthogonal multiple access manner over time. For each time period, we aim to minimize the sum of the maximum delay among all the users in each time slot by jointly optimizing the UAV trajectory, the ratio of offloading tasks, and the user scheduling variables, subject to the discrete binary constraints, the energy consumption constraints, and the UAV trajectory constraints. This problem has highly nonconvex objective function and constraints. Therefore, we equivalently convert it into a better tractable form based on introducing the auxiliary variables, and then propose a novel penalty dual decomposition based algorithm to handle the resulting problem. Furthermore, we develop a simplified {l}_{0} norm algorithm with much reduced complexity. Besides, we also extend our algorithm to minimize the average delay. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed algorithms significantly outperform the benchmarks.
Clinical guidelines for the use of chronic opioid therapy in chronic noncancer pain.
Venue: The journal of pain official journal of the American Pain Society
Year: 2009

Use of chronic opioid therapy for chronic noncancer pain has increased substantially.  Although evidence is limited, the expert panel concluded that chronic opioid therapy can be an effective therapy for carefully selected and monitored patients with chronic noncancer pain. However, opioids are also associated with potentially serious harms, including opioid related adverse effects and outcomes related to the abuse potential of opioids. The recommendations presented in this document provide guidance on patient selection and risk stratification; informed consent and opioid management plans; initiation and titration of chronic opioid therapy; use of methadone; monitoring of patients on chronic opioid therapy; dose escalations, high dose opioid therapy, opioid rotation, and indications for discontinuation of therapy; prevention and management of opioid related adverse effects; driving and work safety; identifying a medical home and when to obtain consultation; management of breakthrough pain; chronic opioid therapy in pregnancy; and opioid related policies.  Safe and effective chronic opioid therapy for chronic noncancer pain requires clinical skills and knowledge in both the principles of opioid prescribing and on the assessment and management of risks associated with opioid abuse, addiction, and diversion. Although evidence is limited in many areas related to use of opioids for chronic noncancer pain, this guideline provides recommendations developed by a multidisciplinary expert panel after a systematic review of the evidence.
Leases: A Review of Contemporary Academic Literature Relating to Lessees
Year: 2015

Accounting for corporate leasing activities has been examined and debated for more than 30 years. Currently both the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) are developing standards to modify financial reporting for operating leases, which are currently reported off balance sheet. In light of these proposals, we examine existing literature to better anticipate possible effects of any changes. Namely, we review existing studies to understand why firms engage in operating leases and how information about these arrangements impacts users. First, we review studies directly examining leases. As that review reports, some studies show that companies engage in off balance sheet leasing at least in part to manage financial statement presentation. Other studies, however, suggest that firms utilize operating leases to manage costs and preserve capital. In general, the research reports that lenders, credit rating agencies, and other capital market par.