nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Refreshing Poetry: A Modern Approach to Plein Air Painting at the Selu Nature Preserve
Year: 2019

"Therefore, we will not fear, though the earth tremble and mountains fall into the heart of the sea." Psalm 43 NIV My Thesis paintings represent contemplative time spent at the Radford University Selu Nature Preserve. A search for meaning and hope, born of frustration with the pace of modern American life, breathe fresh life into my method of plein air painting. This thesis visits artists from the West, Ruskin and Constable, and Taoist Chinese and Zen painters from the East. The healing qualities of nature as mentioned by Psychologist Rollo May and my personal history as a Mennonite, have positively impacted my search. My study in painting included trips to museums in Europe where I visited seventeenth and nineteenth century Dutch paintings in Amsterdam and works by Cezanne in London. I traveled throughout Spain visiting museums encountering a recent painting by contemporary German painter, Anselm Kiefer. Presently using large canvas I summarize outdoor locations into just three sustaining categories; matter in the biosphere, energy, and water. I apply water and bright acrylic paint to flat canvas on site, capturing a trinity of qualities swiftly with minimal information. This initial vibrant under painting locks outdoor freshness into bright, lively landscape paintings. My time at Selu, the expression of my poetic voice, demonstrates my place within centuries of artists asking universal questions regarding the purpose of humanity.
The neural basis of social influence and attitude change
Venue: Current Opinion in Neurobiology
Year: 2013

Human attitudes and preferences are susceptible to social influence. Recent social neuroscience studies, using theories and experimental paradigms from social psychology, have begun to elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying how others influence our attitudes through processes such as social conformity, cognitive inconsistency and persuasion. The currently available evidence highlights the role of the posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC) in social conformity and cognitive inconsistency, which represents the discrepancy between one's own and another person's opinion, or, more broadly, between currently inconsistent and ideally consistent states. Research on persuasion has revealed that people's susceptibility to persuasive messages is related to activation in a nearby but more anterior part of the medial frontal cortex. Future progress in this field will depend upon the ability of researchers to dissociate underlying motivations for attitude change in different paradigms, and to utilize neuroimaging methods to advance social psychological theories of social influence.
Optimization of textural properties of noodles with soluble fiber, dough mixing time and different water levels
Year: 2016

Partially hydrolyzed guar gum as soluble fiber source has been investigated for fiber fortified noodles with health benefits. The study investigated the effect of soluble fiber level (1 5 g/100 g of flour) water level (30 40 ml/100 g of flour) and mixing time (2 6 min) on textural properties such as hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, chewiness and resilience. The addition of soluble fiber in flour for noodles making was found to have a significant effect on all the hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, chewiness and resilience whereas water level and mixing time showed significant effect on hardness, adhesiveness and cohesiveness of noodles. The optimized values for soluble fiber level, water level and mixing time were 3.4 g/100 g of flour, 36.0 ml/100 g of flour and 5 min, respectively. Results revealed that fortification of noodles with PHGG (3.4% increased the soluble fiber content to 3.62% as compared to control noodles (1.07%
Sparsity of Protein Protein Interaction Networks Hinders Function Prediction in Non Model Species
Year: 2019

MotivationPhysical interaction between two proteins is strong evidence that the proteins are involved in the same biological process, making Protein Protein Interaction (PPI) networks a valuable data resource for predicting the cellular functions of proteins. However, PPI networks are largely incomplete for non model species. Here, we test whether these incomplete networks are still useful for genome wide function prediction.nnResultsWe used a simple network based classifier to predict Biological Process Gene Ontology terms from protein interaction data in three species: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Arabidopsis thaliana and Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) The classifier had reasonable performance in the well studied yeast, but performed poorly in the other two species. We show that this poor performance is because many proteins are disconnected in the network and that the performance can be considerably improved by adding edges predicted from various data sources. In yeast, the addition of predicted edges did not lead to improvement. It did help when we randomly removed a large amount of edges though.nnConclusionOur work highlights the necessity of obtaining more protein protein interactions in non model species, either by means of prediction or experiment.nnAvailabilityData and code to reproduce the results are available at github.com/stamakro/ppi missing data.nnContacts.makrodimitris@tudelft.nlnnSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available online.
Seismic performance of reinforced concrete frames retrofitted using external superelastic shape memory alloy bars
Venue: Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering
Year: 2018

Pre 1970s designed and built reinforced concrete frame structures are considered unsafe when subjected to seismic loads. Insufficient anchorage of the beam reinforcement in the beam column joints of these structures is considered a main deficiency. Newly built frame structures are seismically designed for safety, where high inelastic deformations can occur under moderate to strong earthquakes. Minimizing these inelastic deformations makes the structure repairable. One way to minimize these residual deformations is by using smart materials such as superelastic shape memory alloys (SMAs) In this paper, the seismic performance of RC frames retrofitted using external superelastic SMA bars is investigated and compared to the behaviour of a regular steel RC frame structure. Nonlinear time history analysis is performed for a six storey RC frame structure located in a high seismic region. After performing the analysis, two retrofitted frames are assumed and analyzed at the load intensities causing failure of the steel RC frame. The performance of the retrofitted frames is compared to the steel RC frame in terms of the damage level, the Maximum Inter Storey Drift (MID) ratio, Maximum Residual Inter Storey Drift (MRID) Maximum Roof Drift Ratio (MRDR) Residual Roof Drift Ratio (RRDR) and the earthquake intensity at collapse. Analysis results show improved seismic performance for the two retrofitted frames as compared to the original steel RC frame. This improvement was represented by lower level of damage at the same earthquake intensity; small reduction (10 15% in the MID and MRDR values; significant reduction (50 70% in the MRID and RRDR; and increased seismic capacity.
The Impacts (Positive and Negative) of ICT on Education in Nigeria
Year: 2014

During the last decades, considerable resources have been invested in hardware, software, connections, training and support actions under the scope of improving the quality of teaching and learning. A major tenet of the policies that supported the introduction of information and communication technologies (ICT) in education was that they can become catalysts for change. Undoubtedly, some countries have made considerable progress in bringing networked ICT into education and made it possible for teachers and learners to use them on a daily basis. In many other cases, however, implementation policies have not been a consequence of systematic analysis and reflection. As a consequence, we still know little about the impact and effectiveness of ICT in education. To close this gap, this paper will be examining the positive and negative impact of ICT on education.  Information and Communication Technology (ICT) education, performance.
Spatio Temporal Video De interlacing Algorithm Based on MAP Estimation
Year: 2012

This paper presents a novel de interlacing algorithm that can make up motion compensation errors by using maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator. First, a proper registration is performed between a current field and its adjacent fields, and the progressive frame corresponding to the current field is found via MAP estimator based on the computed registration information. Here, in order to obtain a stable solution, well known bilateral total variation (BTV) based regularization is employed. Next, so called feathering artifacts are detected on a block basis effectively. So, edge directional interpolation is applied to the pixels where feathering artifact may happen, instead of the above mentioned temporal de interlacing. Experimental results show that the PSNR of the proposed algorithm is on average 4dB higher than that of previous studies and provides the better subjective quality than the previous works.
Research of Information System for Agile Virtual Enterprise Supported by Fourth Party Logistics
Venue: 2010 Sixth International Conference on Semantics, Knowledge and Grids
Year: 2010

We present an information infrastructure in which Agile Virtual Enterprise (AVE) Supported by Fourth Party Logistics (4PL) named 4PL AVE. At first, the difference between AVE and 4PL is introduced, and then 4PL AVE model architecture is given that consists of three dimensional cube of life cycle dimension, the view model dimension and universal level dimension which complete describe the 4PL AVE gradually for analysis, design and deployment. Secondly, the project of 4PL AVE Information Integration is proposed using process integration, workflow composition and data integration. Thirdly, we discuss the technology line to build 4PL AVE information framework based J2EE open source architecture. Fourthly, an application instance is introduced and the time of 4PL AVE business process is greatly reduced. In the end, we point that solving 4PL AVE performance problem use data warehouse and data mining technology, and RFID and cloud computing technology will be widely used in 4PL AVE.
Glyphosate induces human breast cancer cells growth via estrogen receptors.
Venue: Food and chemical toxicology an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
Year: 2013

Glyphosate is an active ingredient of the most widely used herbicide and it is believed to be less toxic than other pesticides. However, several recent studies showed its potential adverse health effects to humans as it may be an endocrine disruptor. This study focuses on the effects of pure glyphosate on estrogen receptors (ERs) mediated transcriptional activity and their expressions. Glyphosate exerted proliferative effects only in human hormone dependent breast cancer, T47D cells, but not in hormone independent breast cancer, MDA MB231 cells, at 10 12 to 10 6M in estrogen withdrawal condition. The proliferative concentrations of glyphosate that induced the activation of estrogen response element (ERE) transcription activity were 5 13 fold of control in T47D KBluc cells and this activation was inhibited by an estrogen antagonist, ICI 182780, indicating that the estrogenic activity of glyphosate was mediated via ERs. Furthermore, glyphosate also altered both ERa and b expression. These results indicated that low and environmentally relevant concentrations of glyphosate possessed estrogenic activity. Glyphosate based herbicides are widely used for soybean cultivation, and our results also found that there was an additive estrogenic effect between glyphosate and genistein, a phytoestrogen in soybeans. However, these additive effects of glyphosate contamination in soybeans need further animal study.
Bias caused by sampling error in meta analysis with small sample sizes
Venue: PloS one
Year: 2018

Meta analyses frequently include studies with small sample sizes. Researchers usually fail to account for sampling error in the reported within study variances; they model the observed study specific effect sizes with the within study variances and treat these sample variances as if they were the true variances. However, this sampling error may be influential when sample sizes are small. This article illustrates that the sampling error may lead to substantial bias in meta analysis results.  We conducted extensive simulation studies to assess the bias caused by sampling error. Meta analyses with continuous and binary outcomes were simulated with various ranges of sample size and extents of heterogeneity. We evaluated the bias and the confidence interval coverage for five commonly used effect sizes (i.e. the mean difference, standardized mean difference, odds ratio, risk ratio, and risk difference)  Sampling error did not cause noticeable bias when the effect size was the mean difference, but the standardized mean difference, odds ratio, risk ratio, and risk difference suffered from this bias to different extents. The bias in the estimated overall odds ratio and risk ratio was noticeable even when each individual study had more than 50 samples under some settings. Also, Hedges' g, which is a bias corrected estimate of the standardized mean difference within studies, might lead to larger bias than Cohen's d in meta analysis results.  Cautions are needed to perform meta analyses with small sample sizes. The reported within study variances may not be simply treated as the true variances, and their sampling error should be fully considered in such meta analyses.
Lexical Access in the Second Year: A Cross linguistic Study of Monolingual and Bilingual Vocabulary Development
Year: 2016

Previous research documents a significant increase in vocabulary size and speed of word recognition in monolinguals throughout the 2 nd year of life. Moreover, there is a relation between these measures across English and Spanish speaking monolinguals, such that children with larger vocabularies demonstrate faster word recognition than children with smaller vocabularies (Hurtado, Marchman, Fernald, 2007; Fernald, Perfors, Marchman, 2006) What's more, this relation becomes more robust from 18 to 24 months (Fernald, Marchman, Weisleder, 2013) However, few studies have examined the development of speed in word processing in young bilinguals and whether improvements in word processing are related to vocabulary growth in both languages (Marchman, Fernald, Hurtado, 2011) The present investigation compares the developmental changes in spoken word processing and vocabulary growth between monolingual English, Spanish, and bilingual English Spanish learners during the 2 nd year.
Torque Teno Virus for Risk Stratification of Acute Biopsy Proven Alloreactivity in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Venue: The Journal of infectious diseases
Year: 2019

Drug induced immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients is crucial to prevent allograft rejection, but increases risk for infectious disease. Immunologic monitoring to tailor immunosuppressive drugs might prevent alloreactivity and adverse effects simultaneously. The apathogenic torque teno virus (TTV) reflects the immunocompetence of its host and might act as a potential candidate for a holistic monitoring.  We screened all 1010 consecutive patients from the prospective Vienna Kidney Transplant Cohort Study for availability of allograft biopsies and adequately stored sera for TTV quantification by polymerase chain reaction.  Patients with acute biopsy proven alloreactivity according to the Banff classification (n 33) showed lower levels of TTV in the peripheral blood compared to patients without rejection (n 80) at a median of 43 days before the biopsy. The risk for alloreactivity decreased by 10% per log level of TTV copies/mL (risk ratio, .90 [95% confidence interval, .84 .97] P .005) TTV levels >1 x 106 copies/mL exclude rejection with a sensitivity of 94% Multivariable generalized linear modeling suggests an independent association between TTV level and alloreactivity.  TTV is a prospective biomarker for risk stratification of acute biopsy proven alloreactivity in kidney transplant recipients and might be a potential tool to tailor immunosuppressive drug therapy.
Corporate Dividend Policy: A Study of Commercial Banks of Nepal
Year: 2012

Dividend policy is the policy used by a company to decide how much it will pay out to shareholders in dividends. Taking financial indicators of 8 commercial banks for the period of 1996/97 to 2006/07, this study attempts to elucidate the dividend practices of commercial banks of Nepal. Abound by controversies and unpredictability, this study concludes that commercial banks of Nepal do not show uniform trend of dividend policy. Dividend policy practiced by commercial banks of Nepal is neither fully explained by residual theory nor stable theory. With the development of financial institutions in Nepal, they need to follow a robust method of dividend policy so that investors can predict stock market and make a rationale investment decision. Administrative and Management Review Vol. 24, No. 2, August 2012, Page 24 44
Is Bitcoin a Viable E Business? Empirical Analysis of the Digital Currency's Speculative Nature
Venue: ICIS
Year: 2015

Ever since its creation by the presumed pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto, Bitcoin has garnered significant attention as an innovative online payment system. The purpose of this paper is to discover the degree to which the participation of a Bitcoin user is dependent on the speculative opportunities in the Bitcoin market and, accordingly, to test Bitcoin's competence against traditional currency. Using a panel data set from one of the largest Bitcoin traders in Asia, we find that $1 increase in arbitrage between market prices is associated with 0.1 more log ins of users. However, the paper also suggests that such a speculative nature might not be strong enough to dominate user behaviors entirely. The findings report that the actual reason for Bitcoin's incompetence as a form of currency against the conventional tools of trade may be attributable to its low level of network effects.
Genetic Susceptibility Markers of Gastrointestinal Cancer
Year: 2020

Gastrointestinal cancer is the most common type of malignant disease with high mortality and the second foremost cause of carcinoma deaths worldwide. The frequency of gastrointestinal cancer strongly depends on ethnical and geographical characteristics. For example, the prevalence of gastrointestinal cancer is significantly high in Japan and Korea, whereas in North America and Europe the occurrence of gastrointestinal cancer is very low. Generally, gastrointestinal cancers are diagnosed in late stages due to the heterogeneous nature. By considering the heterogenicity of gastrointestinal cancer, inhibition is depending on the precise diagnosis of risk factors, the underlying cause of the disease, and the management of risk factors. Therefore, this chapter aimed to review the genetic susceptible marker of gastrointestinal cancer. Molecular studies revealed that the development of GC is from the combined effect of various factors like environment, genetic and epigenetic modifications which play a crucial role in tumorigenesis and cellular immortalization. The molecular epidemiological studies revealed that some regular genetic traits act as a genetic susceptible marker to develop GC known as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are naturally occurring genetic modifications that have a different frequency in the diversified ethnic population. There are many associate studies to analyze the genetic susceptibility of GC. Genome wide association studies are used for the identification of various single nucleotide polymorphism in genetic susceptible markers which are responsible for gastrointestinal cancer. Gene polymorphisms become an attractive biomarker of GC due to their environment dependent alterations. Genetic susceptibility is crucial in molecular events related to the development of gastrointestinal cancers includes mucosal shielding, immune reaction to H. pylori infection, carcinogen detoxification, antioxidant protection, repair of DNA injury, and capability of cell propagation. The use of SNPs as prognostic markers for individual gastrointestinal cancers is very advantageous because of the availability and quality of tumor material. In this chapter, we tried to discuss some of the important genetic polymorphisms which affect gastrointestinal cancer susceptibility and how they influence malignant phenotype. The determination of genes responsible for GC susceptibility will give information for the advancement of novel GC therapeutics by studying the molecular events involved in GC carcinogenesis. This chapter includes single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes such as Cdh1, DNMT3A, PTPRCAP, PSCA, VEGF A, XRCC1, IL 1, HER 2, MUC1, and MUC1.
Efficient whole cell catalysis for 5 aminovalerate production from L lysine by using engineered Escherichia coli with ethanol pretreatment
Venue: Scientific Reports
Year: 2020

Microorganisms can utilize biomass to produce valuable chemicals, showing sustainable, renewable and economic advantages compared with traditional chemical synthesis. As a potential five carbon platform polymer monomer, 5 aminovalerate has been widely used in industrial fields such as clothes and disposable goods. Here we establish an efficient whole cell catalysis for 5 aminovalerate production with ethanol pretreatment. In this study, the metabolic pathway from L lysine to 5 aminovalerate was constructed at the cellular level by introducing L lysine a oxidase. The newly produced H2O2 and added ethanol both are toxic to the cells, obviously inhibiting their growth. Here, a promising strategy of whole cell catalysis with ethanol pretreatment is proposed, which greatly improves the yield of 5 aminovalerate. Subsequently, the effects of ethanol pretreatment, substrate concentration, reaction temperature, pH value, metal ion additions and hydrogen peroxide addition on the whole cell biocatalytic efficiency were investigated. Using 100 g/L of L lysine hydrochloride as raw material, 50.62 g/L of 5 aminovalerate could be excellently produced via fed batch bioconversion with the yield of 0.84 mol/mol. The results show that a fast, environmentally friendly and efficient production of 5 aminovalerate was established after introducing the engineered whole cell biocatalysts. This strategy, combined with ethanol pretreatment, can not only greatly enhance the yield of 5 aminovalerate but also be applied to the biosynthesis of other valuable chemicals.