nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Overview of anneal technology for advanced logic CMOS
Venue: 11th International Workshop on Junction Technology (IWJT)
Year: 2011

This paper presents an overview of the anneal technology for advanced Logic CMOS technology nodes including Hk/MG stack. Junction engineering by ms anneal has been studied, showing significant benefit in device scaling and fulfilling the stringent junction leakage requirement for low power applications. In addition, we highlight the implication of the metal gate integration flow "Gate First" "Gate Last" on junction design and also on eWF where we have proved that Vth is easily achievable with anneal sequence optimization. Finally we have reviewed the new applications of ms anneal in logic CMOS process flow
Survey of quality models of e learning systems
Year: 2018

The main aim of the survey was to present current state of quality models of e learning systems. Development of the quality models of e learning systems was explored where some future directions were suggested. The quality models of e learning systems were analyzed based on their different perspectives and dimensions according to the survey. Based on the survey the quality models applications were proposed according the context of the e learning systems. Based on the investigated studies the quality characteristics of the e learning systems were extracted. Different pedagogical characteristic were addressed for some studies. Learner satisfaction was addressed only in several studies. Only one study addresses software usability. As the main results of the survey one can conclude that there is large numbers of quality models of the e learning systems. Finally, future research direction was suggested based on the results. In the future research the quality models should address different technical aspect of the e learning systems which could assure sustain development of the systems due to rapid changing in information and communication technologies.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa: new insights into pathogenesis and host defenses.
Venue: Pathogens and disease
Year: 2013

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a metabolically versatile bacterium that can cause a wide range of severe opportunistic infections in patients with serious underlying medical conditions. These infections are characterized by an intense neutrophilic response resulting in significant damage to host tissues and often exhibit resistance to antibiotics leading to mortality. Treatment of persistent infections is additionally hampered by adaptive resistance, due to the growth state of the bacterium in the patient including the microorganism's ability to grow as a biofilm. An array of P. aeruginosa virulence factors counteract host defences and can cause direct damage to host tissues or increase the bacterium's competitiveness. New prevention and treatment methods are urgently required to improve the outcome of patients with P. aeruginosa infections. This review describes the two main types of P. aeruginosa lung infections and provides an overview of the host response and how the genomic capacity of P. aeruginosa contributes to the pathogenesis and persistence of these infections.
Al Bi Cu (Aluminum Bismuth Copper)
Year: 2009

The Al Bi system is characterized by a liquid miscibility gap that closes at 1034 C [Massaslski2] The Al Cu phase diagram [1992Kat, 2009Mir] depicts a number of intermediate phases: CuAl2 (C16 type tetragonal, denoted h) CuAl (g1, orthorhombic) CuAl (g2, monoclinic) Cu5Al4(LT) (f, orthorhombic) e (B81, NiAs type hexagonal) bC/ Cu3Al2 (d, rhombohedral) Cu9Al4(HT) (cC/ ) (c, D83type cubic) and Cu3Al (b, bcc) In the above, HT hightemperature and LT low temperature. The Bi Cu phase diagram is of the simple eutectic type, with little solid solubility between Bi and Cu. Phase diagrams of the above binary systems were also reviewed by [1992Kat]
In plane dynamics crushing of a combined auxetic honeycomb with negative Poisson's ratio and enhanced energy absorption
Year: 2021

In order to improve the energy absorption capacity of the honeycomb, a combined auxetic honeycomb is designed in this paper. By using the double inclined walls replacing the horizontal walls of the star shaped honeycomb (SSH) and introducing a thin walled circle contacting with the four concave corners of the SSH, the star circle honeycomb (SCH) is designed. The in plane dynamic crushing behaviors was explored based on finite element method (FEM) There are three types of deformation modes observed with different impact velocity, including low medium and high velocity loading modes and the stress strain curve exhibits two plateau stress stages. Based on the deformation characteristics of the representative unit, theoretical calculation models were established to estimate the plateau stress of the SCH under low and high velocity loading according the conservation of energy and the theoretical calculation was in keep well with the numerical simulation. A deformation modes map was summarized to investigate the effects of the impact velocity and the relative density on the deformation modes and the energy absorption capability and the dynamic Poisson's ratio were studied. The result shows that the SCH presents better energy absorption compared with SSH as well as retaining the negative Poisson's ratio property. The deformation mechanism was revealed form the structural design and plastic hinge dissipation. This work presents a different design strategy for the auxetic honeycomb, expected to guide the design of more novel auxetic with better energy absorption and mechanical property.
Cannabis use and subclinical positive psychotic experiences in early adolescence: findings from a Dutch survey.
Venue: Addiction
Year: 2012

To investigate the association between early cannabis use and subclinical psychotic experiences, distinguishing between five levels of use: never used, discontinued use (life time users who did not use in the preceding year) experimental use, regular use and heavy use.  Cross sectional observational study.  Dutch Health Behaviour in School aged Children (HBSC) study, 2005 wave.  A total of 4552 secondary school children aged 12 16 years.  Cannabis use, Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) positive scale, confounding factors: age, gender, family affluence, household composition, social support, alcohol use, cigarette smoking, ethnicity and urbanicity.  The association between cannabis use and subclinical positive symptoms was confirmed, and remained significant after extensive adjustment for potential confounders. Associations were found for all user groups, with strongest associations for the discontinued use group (b 0.061, P 0.000) and for the heavy use group (b 0.065, P 0.000) CONCLUSIONS There is an enduring association between cannabis use at an early age and subclinical positive psychotic experiences, even after abstaining from cannabis for at least 1 year.
Almost Optimal Sensor Tasking using Auction Methods
Year: 2010

The problem for efficient use of radar assets for space surveillance is unsolved. Partial solutions have been developed, such as covariance based tasking algorithms, but not all operational requirements for tracking support are quantified by accuracy, for example monitoring a non cooperative maneuvering satellite for purposes of conjunction assessment. The following effort exposes a different approach, where competing requirements, each with quite different metrics, can compete for sensor resources and an efficient decision making process will provide for economic use of radar resources and thereby allowing greater use of the radar sites for other missions. The Auction we employ here is somewhat na? as compared to sophisticated methods employed by domain experts, and yet provides evidence that the method can be quite useful for making assignments where competing requirements can stress the tracking systems.
Development of a natural gas Methane Number prediction model
Venue: Fuel
Year: 2019

The methane number (MN) of natural gas is predicted using mathematical modeling and machine learning techniques which can be incorporated into a sensor. Natural gas quality is known to vary seasonally and regionally depending on the geological region. MN is defined by the gas composition and also related to the knocking resistance in a natural gas engine. This article presents the results of two different methods to predict MN, which are Multiple Regression (MR) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) that can be further specified by three kernel types: linear, polynomial, and Gaussian distributions. The analysis of the 4 methods MR, linear SVR, polynomial SVR, and Gaussian SVR shows that each predicts MN with a root mean square error of 1.06, 1.08, 0.54, and 0.20 respectively. About 37% of the predictions made by MR are under the 0.5 error range. 40% of linear SVR, 52% of polynomial SVR, and 98% of Gaussian SVR predictions are within the 0.5 error range. The SVR using Gaussian kernel outperforms the other three methods in accuracy. The results can enable the technology needed to develop an intelligent sensor that can estimate the MN of natural gas online and in real time, economically and reliably, overall increasing fuel efficiency and emission performance.
Relation of El Nino and La Nina phenomena to precipitation, evapotranspiration and temperature in the Amazon basin.
Venue: The Science of the total environment
Year: 2019

Weather phenomena El Nino and La Nina are observed by meteorological variables, which allows you to track climate change and its possible effects in certain regions. The objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of rainfall, temperature and evapotranspiration in the Amazon river basin (Latitudes 5deg N to 20deg S and Longitudes 50deg W to 80deg W) comparing them with the occurrence of El Nino and La Nina phenomena, from January 2000 to December 2016. The values referring to the meteorological variables were obtained from the TRMM and MODIS orbital sensors. After data pre processing, the data were separated into monthly and annual scales and per period according to the presence or absence of El Nino and La Nina phenomena. Based on the results obtained, it was observed that the studied variables were affected by modification of both phenomena. The modifications are more noticeable in the distinction between the more and less rainy periods. Among the variables studied, the evapotranspiration was severely affected in the rainiest months, the La Nina phenomenon, and the least rainy months, El Nino. Thus, it was possible to conclude that, in general, the presence of La Nina increased precipitation values in comparison to the Neutral period, but the inverse occurs in the presence of El Nino. The methodology applied in the present study was adequate for the analysis of the modifications of the meteorological variables coming from the El Nino and La Nina phenomena, being able to be adapted to other variables and regions.
The polarizing effect of the online flipped classroom
Venue: Comput. Educ.
Year: 2020

Against the background of the burgeoning use of online learning in higher education, and more recently the online flipped classroom, this study sets out to evaluate the efficacy of the online flipped classroom. To this end, a campus based course in applied physics for master and doctoral students was transformed into an online flipped course. We analyse how this transformation and student participation in specific asynchronous and synchronous learning activities affect performance for the online flipped format. Results reveal that, while there was no statistically significant difference in average performance between the campus based and online flipped format, the online flipped format led to a significantly larger spread a polarization in performance. Further, drawing on transactional distance theory, we attribute this polarization to a higher oscillation in transactional distance for the online flipped format. This link between transactional distance and performance constitutes the main theoretical contribution of this paper. Our findings speak to the importance of analysing shifts in transactional distance across learning activities to better understand their potential to bolster student learning. Future research would do well to focus on how students experience such shifts in transactional distance, and online instructors need to consider how to scaffold students during these shifts.
Minnesota Impulse Disorders Interview (MIDI) Validation of a structured diagnostic clinical interview for impulse control disorders in an enriched community sample
Venue: Psychiatry Research
Year: 2018

Highlights Few structured clinical interviews for the identification of impulse control disorders exist. Of 293 adults in a community sample, 32.8% had at least one impulse control disorder, with gambling disorder, skin picking disorder, and compulsive buying being the most common. The Minnesota Impulse Disorders Interview showed good convergent and discriminant validity, and excellent test re test reliability.
Effectiveness of school based physical activity and nutrition interventions with direct parental involvement on children's BMI and energy balance related behaviors A systematic review
Venue: PloS one
Year: 2018

The aims of this systematic review were to study the effectiveness of primary school based physical activity, sedentary behavior and nutrition interventions with direct parental involvement on children's BMI or BMI z score, physical activity, sedentary behavior and nutrition behavior and categorize intervention components into targeted socio cognitive determinants and environmental types using the Environmental Research framework for weight Gain prevention.  In March 2018, a systematic search was conducted in four electronic literature databases. Articles written in English about effectiveness studies on school based interventions with direct parental involvement targeting 4 12 year olds were included. Interventions with indirect parental involvement, interventions not targeting the school environment, and pilot studies were excluded. Study and intervention characteristics were extracted. Study quality and study effectiveness were assessed and effect sizes (Cohen's d) were calculated for the outcome measures. Types of socio cognitive factors and environmental types targeted were distinguished.  In total, 25 studies were included. Most studies on BMI or BMI z score, physical activity and sedentary behavior found favorable results: 61.1% 81.1% and 75% respectively. Results regarding nutrition behavior were inconclusive. Methodological study quality varied. All interventions targeted multiple environmental types in the school and family environment. Five targeted socio cognitive determinants (knowledge, awareness, attitude, self efficacy and intrinsic motivation) of the children were identified. No consistent pattern was found between either type of environment targeted, number of type of environment targeted, or the child's targeted socio cognitive determinants and intervention effectiveness.  School based interventions with direct parental involvement have the potential to improve children's weight status, physical activity and sedentary behavior. Based on the results, it is recommended that school based interventions with direct parental involvement target more than one EBRB, last at least one year, and focus particularly on the physical and social environment within both the school and the family environment.
The evaluation of tourism exploitation potentiality of intangible cultural heritage based on two stages grey synthetic model
Venue: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Grey Systems and Intelligent Services (GSIS)
Year: 2015

As an important tourism resource, the reasonably protective tourism exploitation of the intangible cultural heritage, has been popular internationally, and the rational and scientific evaluation of its tourism exploitation potentiality plays a key role in its tourism exploitation. This paper, based on the former research achievements and the features of the intangible cultural heritage tourism resources, constructs the tourism exploitation potentiality evaluation index system of the intangible cultural heritage, and applies the two stages decision model with synthetic measure to comprehensively evaluate the tourism exploitation potentiality of 5 dance drama typed intangible cultural heritages in Huangshan City.
A Bregman Divergence Optimization Framework for Ranking on Data Manifold and Its New Extensions
Venue: AAAI
Year: 2012

Recently, graph based ranking algorithms have received considerable interests in machine learning, computer vision and information retrieval communities. Ranking on data manifold (or manifold ranking, MR) is one of the representative approaches. One of the limitations of manifold ranking is its high computational complexity (O(n3) where n is the number of samples in database) In this paper, we cast the manifold ranking into a Bregman divergence optimization framework under which we transform the original MR to an equivalent optimal kernel matrix learning problem.With this new formulation, two effective and efficient extensions are proposed to enhance the ranking performance. Extensive experimental results on two real world image databases show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
TASK CENTERED USER INTERFACE DESIGN A Practical Introduction
Year: 2006

Throughout this book we've emphasized the importance of bringing users into the interface design process. However, as a designer you'll also need to evaluate the evolving design when no users are present. Users' time is almost never a free or unlimited resource. Most users have their own work to do, and they're able to devote only limited time to your project. When users do take time to look at your design, it should be as free as possible of problems. This is a courtesy to the users, who shouldn't have to waste time on trivial bugs that you could have caught earlier. It also helps build the users' respect for you as a professional, making it more likely that they will give the design effort serious attention. A second reason for evaluating a design without users is that a good evaluation can catch problems that an evaluation with only a few users may not reveal. The numbers tell the story here: An interface designed for a popular personal computer might be used by thousands of people, but it may be tested with only a few dozen users before beta release. Every user will have a slightly different set of problems, and the testing won't uncover problems that the few users tested don't have. It also won't uncover problems that users might have after they get more experience. An evaluation without users won't uncover all the problems either. But doing both kinds of evaluation significantly improves the chances of success.
Genome editing of the disease susceptibility gene CsLOB1 in citrus confers resistance to citrus canker
Venue: Plant biotechnology journal
Year: 2017

Citrus is a highly valued tree crop worldwide, while, at the same time, citrus production faces many biotic challenges, including bacterial canker and Huanglongbing (HLB) Breeding for disease resistant varieties is the most efficient and sustainable approach to control plant diseases. Traditional breeding of citrus varieties is challenging due to multiple limitations, including polyploidy, polyembryony, extended juvenility and long crossing cycles. Targeted genome editing technology has the potential to shorten varietal development for some traits, including disease resistance. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9/sgRNA technology to modify the canker susceptibility gene CsLOB1 in Duncan grapefruit. Six independent lines, DLOB2, DLOB3, DLOB9, DLOB10, DLOB11 and DLOB12, were generated. Targeted next generation sequencing of the six lines showed the mutation rate was 31.58% 23.80% 89.36% 88.79% 46.91% and 51.12% for DLOB2, DLOB3, DLOB9, DLOB10, DLOB11 and DLOB12, respectively, of the cells in each line. DLOB2 and DLOB3 showed canker symptoms similar to wild type grapefruit, when inoculated with the pathogen Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) No canker symptoms were observed on DLOB9, DLOB10, DLOB11 and DLOB12 at 4 days postinoculation (DPI) with Xcc. Pustules caused by Xcc were observed on DLOB9, DLOB10, DLOB11 and DLOB12 in later stages, which were much reduced compared to that on wild type grapefruit. The pustules on DLOB9 and DLOB10 did not develop into typical canker symptoms. No side effects and off target mutations were detected in the mutated plants. This study indicates that genome editing using CRISPR technology will provide a promising pathway to generate disease resistant citrus varieties.
Revisiting a null hypothesis: exploring the parameters of oligometastasis treatment
Venue: medRxiv
Year: 2020

In the treatment of patients with metastatic cancer, the current paradigm states that metastasis directed therapy does not prolong life. This paradigm forms the basis of clinical trial null hypotheses, where trials are built to test the null hypothesis: patients garner no overall survival benefit from targeting metastatic lesions. However, with advancing imaging technology and increasingly precise techniques for targeting lesions, a much larger proportion of metastatic disease can be treated. As a result, the life extending benefit of targeting metastatic disease is becoming increasingly clear. In this work, we suggest shifting this qualitative null hypothesis, and describe a mathematical model which can be used to frame a new, quantitative null. We begin with a very simple formulation of tumor growth, an exponential function, and use it to show that while any amount of cell kill will extend survival, in many cases the extent is so small as to be unnoticeable in a clinical context or out weighed by factors related to toxicity and treatment time. Recasting the null in these quantitative terms will allow trialists to design trials specifically to increase understanding of what circumstances (patient selection, disease burden, tumor growth kinetics) can lead to improved OS when targeting metastatic lesions, rather than whether or not targeting metastases extends survival for patients with (oligo )metastatic disease.
A Computationally Economic Novel Approach for Real Time Moving Multi vehicle Detection and Tracking toward Efficient Traffic Surveillance
Year: 2017

Efficient and precise real time video based vehicles supervision systems for traffic surveillance are ever demanding. Developing an accurate detection and tracking algorithm by incorporating the effects of vehicles shadow or visual obstacles/occlusion including road signs, trees, or other vehicles is a challenging task. We propose a new approach for efficient detection and tracking of moving vehicles in the presence of shadow and partial occlusion under complex road scenes by combining the modified background subtraction and innovative adaptive search window methods. The use of variable size window (Bounding Box) reduces the searching space proportional to the allocated time of the moving vehicles. First, a background model is constructed and then subtracted from subsequent traffic frames to distinguish the foreground objects (moving vehicles regions) and stable background regions. Finally, the shadow detection and occlusion handling between the moving vehicles are implemented to leverage the surveillance performance. The performance of the proposed method is benchmarked using baseline highway category of changedetection.net standard dataset having 1231 frames. Performance evaluation is carried out in terms of time complexity analysis, detection accuracy, and processing time. The experimental results demonstrate a radical reduction in computational time in terms of searched space. A superior detection accuracy (more than 99% and processing time \sim ~29.6 ms (per frames in milliseconds) together with the time complexity degree of O($n^{2}$n2) is achieved. Excellent features of these results suggest that the proposed approach is prospective for computer vision application and high way traffic surveillance.