nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Meshing technology of the crack tip area of concrete structures
Venue: 2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE)
Year: 2011

In order to ensure calculation accuracy of the crack tip stress area with finite element method, a new meshing method of the crack tip stress area was proposed based on the existing meshing methods, and thermal stress of the crack tip area was calculated by finite element program, compared with the results of the fracture mechanics analysis shows that the meshing method in the paper is feasibility and reliability.
ANFIS application to infer student performance in English learning using affective factors
Venue: 2017 Joint 17th World Congress of International Fuzzy Systems Association and 9th International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems (IFSA SCIS)
Year: 2017

Teaching and learning practices are essentially meant to equip students with necessary competences. In assessing student learning, few teaching and learning practices consider the role of affective factors. Assessment relying solely on cognitive factors could impact teaching and learning effectiveness although marginal work exists exploring affective factors to enhance teaching and learning effectiveness. The current study considers using affective factors to infer student learning of English skills. Student affective factors, such as motivation, attitude, introversion, extroversion, anxiety, and self esteem are measured using questionnaires. The data obtained is then used to model student in learning using Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) with a different set of parameters. Evaluation of the models is based on Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) The result from the experiment shows that the model is able to infer student learning by 0.076 (MAE) and 0.008 (MSE) respectively. In addition, the proposed model that is not too general nor too complex and with fewer training iteration numbers shows the lowest error among other proposed models.
Physiologically based cord clamping improves cardiopulmonary haemodynamics in lambs with a diaphragmatic hernia
Venue: Archives of Disease in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition
Year: 2019

Lung hypoplasia associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) results in respiratory insufficiency and pulmonary hypertension after birth. We have investigated whether aerating the lung before removing placental support (physiologically based cord clamping (PBCC) improves the cardiopulmonary transition in lambs with a CDH.  At 138 days of gestational age, 17 lambs with surgically induced left sided diaphragmatic hernia (d80) were delivered via caesarean section. The umbilical cord was clamped either immediately prior to ventilation onset (immediate cord clamping (ICC) n=6) or after achieving a target tidal volume of 4 mL/kg, with a maximum delay of 10 min (PBCC; n=11) Lambs were ventilated for 120 min and physiological changes recorded.  Pulmonary blood flow (PBF) increased following ventilation onset in both groups, but was 19 fold greater in PBCC compared with ICC lambs at cord clamping (19+ 6.3 vs 1.0+ 0.5 mL/min/kg, p<0.001) Cerebral tissue oxygenation was higher in PBCC than ICC lambs during the first 10 min after cord clamping (59% 4% vs 30% 5% p<0.001) PBF was threefold higher (23+ 4 vs 8+ 2 mL/min/kg, p=0.01) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) was threefold lower (0.6+ 0.1 vs 2.2+ 0.6 mm Hg/(mL/min) p<0.001) in PBCC lambs compared with ICC lambs at 120 min after ventilation onset.  Compared with ICC, PBCC prevented the severe asphyxia immediately after birth and resulted in a higher PBF due to a lower PVR, which persisted for at least 120 min after birth in CDH lambs.
Continuous Plug Flow Crystallization of Pharmaceutical Compounds
Year: 2010

Crystallization processes in the pharmaceutical industry are usually designed to obtain crystals with controlled size, shape, purity, and polymorphic form. Knowledge of the process conditions required to fabricate crystals with controlled characteristics is critical during process development. In this work, continuous crystallization of ketoconazole, flufenamic acid, and l glutamic acid in a nonconventional plug flow crystallizer was investigated. Kenics type static mixers were used to promote homogeneous mixing of active pharmaceutical ingredient solution and antisolvent. A strategy of multiple points of addition of antisolvent along the crystallizer was evaluated to control the size of the crystals. Interestingly, it was found that crystal size can be increased or decreased with an increased number of antisolvent addition points, depending on the kinetics of the system. It was also found that smaller crystals with a narrower size distribution can be obtained with the static mixers. A model to describe t.
Extractive NarrativeQA with Heuristic Pre Training
Venue: EMNLP
Year: 2019

Although advances in neural architectures for NLP problems as well as unsupervised pre training have led to substantial improvements on question answering and natural language inference, understanding of and reasoning over long texts still poses a substantial challenge. Here, we consider the task of question answering from full narratives (e.g. books or movie scripts) or their summaries, tackling the NarrativeQA challenge (NQA; Kocisky et al. (2018) We introduce a heuristic extractive version of the data set, which allows us to approach the more feasible problem of answer extraction (rather than generation) We train systems for passage retrieval as well as answer span prediction using this data set. We use pre trained BERT embeddings for injecting prior knowledge into our system. We show that our setup leads to state of the art performance on summary level QA. On QA from full narratives, our model outperforms previous models on the METEOR metric. We analyze the relative contributions of pre trained embeddings and the extractive training paradigm, and provide a detailed error analysis.
Robotic process automation
Venue: Electron. Mark.
Year: 2020

Within digital transformation, which is continuously progressing, robotic process automation (RPA) is drawing much corporate attention. While RPA is a popular topic in the corporate world, the academic research lacks a theoretical and synoptic analysis of RPA. Conducting a literature review and tool analysis, we propose in a holistic and structured way four traits that characterize RPA, providing orientation as well as a focus for further research. Software robots automate processes originally performed by human work. Thus, software robots follow a choreography of technological modules and control flow operators while operating within IT ecosystems and using established applications. Ease of use and adaptability allow companies to conceive and implement software robots through (agile) projects. Organizational and IT strategy, governance structures, and management systems therefore must address both the direct effects of software robots automating processes and their indirect impacts on firms.
Novel vaccines targeting dendritic cells by coupling allergoids to nonoxidized mannan enhance allergen uptake and induce functional regulatory T cells through programmed death ligand 1.
Venue: The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Year: 2016

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only curative treatment for allergy. AIT faces pitfalls related to efficacy, security, duration, and patient compliance. Novel vaccines overcoming such inconveniences are in demand.  We sought to study the immunologic mechanisms of action for novel vaccines targeting dendritic cells (DCs) generated by coupling glutaraldehyde polymerized grass pollen allergoids to nonoxidized mannan (PM) compared with glutaraldehyde polymerized allergoids (P) or native grass pollen extracts (N) METHODS Skin prick tests and basophil activation tests with N, P, or PM were performed in patients with grass pollen allergy. IgE blocking experiments, flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, cocultures, suppression assays, real time quantitative PCR, ELISAs, and ELISpot assays were performed to assess allergen capture by human DCs and T cell responses. BALB/c mice were immunized with PM, N, or P. Antibody levels, cytokine production by splenocytes, and splenic forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) regulatory T (Treg) cells were quantified. Experiments with oxidized PM were also performed.  PM displays in vivo hypoallergenicity, induces potent blocking antibodies, and is captured by human DCs much more efficiently than N or P by mechanisms depending on mannose receptor and dendritic cell specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3 grabbing nonintegrin mediated internalization. PM endorses human DCs to generate functional FOXP3( Treg cells through programmed death ligand 1. Immunization of mice with PM induces a shift to nonallergic responses and increases the frequency of splenic FOXP3( Treg cells. Mild oxidation impairs these effects in human subjects and mice, demonstrating the essential role of preserving the carbohydrate structure of mannan.  Allergoids conjugated to nonoxidized mannan represent suitable vaccines for AIT. Our findings might also be of the utmost relevance to development of therapeutic interventions in other immune tolerance related diseases.
A Comprehensive Peach Fruit Quality Evaluation Method for Grading and Consumption
Year: 2020

Peaches are a popular fruit appreciated by consumers due to their eating quality. Quality evaluation of peaches is important for their processing, inventory control, and marketing. Eleven quality indicators (shape index, volume, mass, density, firmness, color, impedance, phase angle, soluble solid concentration, titratable acidity, and sugar acid ratio) of 200 peach fruits (Prunus persica (L. Batsch "Spring Belle" were measured within 48 h. Quality indicator data were normalized, outliers were excluded, and correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between dielectric properties and firmness were the highest. A back propagation (BP) neural network was used to predict the firmness of fresh peaches based on their dielectric properties, with an overall fitting ratio of 86.9% The results of principal component analysis indicated that the cumulative variance of the first five principal components was 85% Based on k means clustering analysis, normalized data from eleven quality indicators in 190 peaches were classified into five clusters. The proportion of red surface area was shown to be a poor basis for picking fresh peaches for the consumer market, as it bore little relationship with the comprehensive quality scores calculated using the new grading model.
Biodegradable Polymeric Nanoparticles as the Delivery Carrier for Drug.
Venue: Current drug delivery
Year: 2016

Drug research and development has entered into the new epoch of innovation formulation, and the drug delivery system has been in the forefront of pharmaceutical innovation. Nanotechnology is widely used in fiber and textiles, electronics, space, agriculture, forensic science and medical therapeutics. It increasingly plays a significant role in drug delivery system. Compared with traditional delivery system, the nanoparticle drug delivery system has lots of merits, such as the high drug loading ability, the excellent biocompatibility, low toxicity, controlled and targeted drug release.  We undertook a structured research of biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles used as delivery carrier for drug using a focused review question and inclusion/exclusion criteria. We have searched the bibliographic databases for peerreviewed research literature. The outstanding characteristics of the screened papers were described respectively, and a systematic content analysis methodology was used to analysis the findings.  Seventy three papers were included in the review, the majority defined leadership and governance approaches that had impacted upon the polymeric nanoparticles as the delivery carrier for drug in therapeutic applications and developments. Seven papers outlined the superiority characteristics of polymeric nanoparticles that applied in the field of vaccine. Forty seven papers overviewed the application prospects of polymeric nanoparticles used as drug delivery carrier for cancer. These included current advances in research and clinical applications of polymeric nanoparticles. The review identified the drug delivery carrier of biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles, and we described the synthesis methods, applications and challenges of polymeric nanoparticles.  The findings of this review identified that the biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles were used as delivery carrier for drug currently. It also indicates that the biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles play an important role in the drug delivery.
In vivo flow territory mapping of major brain feeding arteries
Venue: NeuroImage
Year: 2006

The ability to visualize the perfusion territories of major feeding arteries to the brain is important for many clinical applications. Since the work of Duret in 1874 on vascularization of the brain, many textbooks and atlases have shown schematic drawings of the supply areas of the major cerebral arteries. Recent postmortem studies demonstrated that the variability of the cerebral vascular territories is significantly greater than previously assumed. The aim of the present study was to investigate in vivo, the variability of flow territories of major brain feeding arteries. Flow territory mapping of the anterior (internal carotid arteries) and posterior (basilar artery) circulation was performed in 115 (58 9 years of age) subjects with selective arterial spin labeling MRI. Flow territory maps for the entire population indicated significant variation in flow territories. However, when the subjects are further categorized into groups with a complete circle of Willis, with a missing A1 segment and with a unilateral or bilateral fetal type posterior cerebral artery, the results showed considerably lower variation within groups. It is therefore concluded that, the variation observed from the entire population is mainly caused by anatomical variants of the circle of Willis. To relate focal brain lesions to underlying flow territories in individual cases, knowledge of the anatomy of the circle of Willis is essential.
SuBSENSE: A Universal Change Detection Method With Local Adaptive Sensitivity
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Year: 2015

Foreground/background segmentation via change detection in video sequences is often used as a stepping stone in high level analytics and applications. Despite the wide variety of methods that have been proposed for this problem, none has been able to fully address the complex nature of dynamic scenes in real surveillance tasks. In this paper, we present a universal pixel level segmentation method that relies on spatiotemporal binary features as well as color information to detect changes. This allows camouflaged foreground objects to be detected more easily while most illumination variations are ignored. Besides, instead of using manually set, frame wide constants to dictate model sensitivity and adaptation speed, we use pixel level feedback loops to dynamically adjust our method's internal parameters without user intervention. These adjustments are based on the continuous monitoring of model fidelity and local segmentation noise levels. This new approach enables us to outperform all 32 previously tested state of the art methods on the 2012 and 2014 versions of the ChangeDetection.net dataset in terms of overall F Measure. The use of local binary image descriptors for pixel level modeling also facilitates high speed parallel implementations: our own version, which used no low level or architecture specific instruction, reached real time processing speed on a midlevel desktop CPU. A complete C+ implementation based on OpenCV is available online.
PENERAPAN KONSELING EFEK SAMPING KB SUNTIK 3 BULAN DENGAN MEDIA LEAFLET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAAN Ny. S DI BPM Hj. SUKARNI, S.ST. S.Kep.
Year: 2016

Based on data 2014, the majority of the active acceptors are those who use 3 month injection methods. In reality, however, there are many acceptors who do not know the side effect of 3 month injection method. These make the writer interested in conducting a study on the side effect of 3 month injection contraceptive.  To conduct counseling on the side effect of 3 month injection contraceptive in term of improving the acceptor's knowledge about that side effect in private midwifery clinic of Midwife Hj. Sukarni, S.ST.  at Bonorowo, Kebumen.  This study is descriptive qualitative with the method of the case study.  After having counseling on the side effect of 3 month injection contraceptive by applying leaflet media, the knowledge of acceptor about the side effect of 3 month injection is increasing.  Counseling on the side effect of 3 month injection contraceptive using leaflets media can really increase the acceptor's knowledge about that kind of side effect.
The Need for Post Conflict Rehabilitation: A Psycho social Approach towards Curbing Extremism in Pakistan
Year: 2020

Violent extremism (VE) has emerged as one of the most serious subjects in the contemporary world. A significant issue concerning extremism is the psychological rehabilitation of both the victims and the witnesses of violent extremist acts. This study aims to elucidate the psychological state of the surviving victims and witnesses of violent extremism and their current psychosocial stressors in Pakistan. The objective of the study is to investigate if the cycle of extremism perpetuates through victimization due to lack of post conflict rehabilitation. Methodologically, the paper is based on the quantitative psychometric evaluation according to the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scale scoring on the victims of VE. This method is widely used for clinical and research practices. This study was carried out in two phases; the pilot phase measured the alpha reliability of the BDI through SPSS, while the main study identified the psychosocial stressors, according to DSM IV, and through history taking. A group of 70 victims of VE in Pakistan, were drawn through convenience sampling. Secondary data comprised of the published literature on postconflict rehabilitation in Pakistan. According to the findings obtained through BDI scoring of research, most of the VE victims suffer from severe depression and exhibit the tendencies of extreme anger and vengeful behaviour. Such tendencies have made them more prone to engaging in a future conflict. The psychosocial stressors following the acts of extremism further contributed to their depressive state and heightened aggression towards society. The study strongly suggests that there is a dire need for the allocation of resources by the government and relevant authorities, to build post conflict rehabilitation frameworks in order to sabotage the perpetual cycle of the spread of extremism through victimization. Anti extremism policy recommendations are also provided based on the findings of the study.
Zero shot Learning for Visual Recognition Problems
Year: 2015

In this thesis we discuss different aspects of zero shot learning and propose solutions for three challenging visual recognition problems: 1) unknown object recognition from images 2) novel action recognition from videos and 3) unseen object segmentation. In all of these three problems, we have two different sets of classes, the "known classes" which are used in the training phase and the "unknown classes" for which there is no training instance. Our proposed approach exploits the available semantic relationships between known and unknown object classes and use them to transfer the appearance models from known object classes to unknown object classes to recognize unknown objects. We also propose an approach to recognize novel actions from videos by learning a joint model that links videos and text. Finally, we present a ranking based approach for zero shot object segmentation. We represent each unknown object class as a semantic ranking of all the known classes and use this semantic relationship to extend the segmentation model of known classes to segment unknown class objects.
Sparsity inspired image reconstruction for electrical capacitance tomography
Year: 2015

We present a new image reconstruction method for Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) ECT image reconstruction is generally ill posed because the number of measurements is small whereas the image dimensions are large. Here, we present a sparsity inspired approach to achieve better ECT image reconstruction from the small number of measurements. Our approach for ECT image reconstruction is based on Total Variation (TV) regularization. We apply an efficient Split Bregman Iteration (SBI) approach to solve the problem. We also propose three metrics to evaluate image reconstruction performance, i.e. a joint metric of positive reconstruction rate (PRR) and false reconstruction rate (FRR) correlation coefficient, and a shape and location metric. The results on both synthetic and real data show that the proposed TV SBI method can better preserve the edges of images and better resolve different objects within reconstructed images, as compared to a representative state of the art ECT image reconstruction algorithm, Projected Landweber Iteration with Linear Back Projection initialization (LBP PLI)
Chronic multisymptom illness: a comparison of Iraq and Afghanistan deployers with veterans of the 1991 Gulf War.
Venue: American journal of epidemiology
Year: 2014

Symptoms and illnesses reported by veterans of the 1991 Gulf War era are a cause of potential concern for those military members who have deployed to the Gulf region in support of more recent contingency operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. In the present study, we quantified self reported symptoms from participants in the Millennium Cohort Study, a prospective study representing all US service branches, including both active duty and Reserve/National Guard components (2001 2008) Self reported symptoms were uniquely compared with those in a cohort of subjects from the 1991 Gulf War to gain context for the present report. Symptoms were then aggregated to identify cases of chronic multisymptom illness (CMI) based on the case definition from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The prevalence of self reported CMI symptoms was compared with that collected in 1997 1999 from a study population of US Seabees from the 1991 Gulf War, as well as from deployed and nondeployed subgroups. Although overall symptom reporting was much less in the Millennium Cohort than in the 1991 Gulf War cohort, a higher prevalence of reported CMI was noted among deployed compared with nondeployed contemporary cohort members. An increased understanding of coping skills and resilience and development of well designed screening instruments, along with appropriate clinical and psychological follow up for returning veterans, might help to focus resources on early identification of potential long term chronic disease manifestations.