nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Soft Hair on Black Holes.
Venue: Physical review letters
Year: 2016

It has recently been shown that Bondi van der Burg Metzner Sachs supertranslation symmetries imply an infinite number of conservation laws for all gravitational theories in asymptotically Minkowskian spacetimes. These laws require black holes to carry a large amount of soft (i.e. zero energy) supertranslation hair. The presence of a Maxwell field similarly implies soft electric hair. This Letter gives an explicit description of soft hair in terms of soft gravitons or photons on the black hole horizon, and shows that complete information about their quantum state is stored on a holographic plate at the future boundary of the horizon. Charge conservation is used to give an infinite number of exact relations between the evaporation products of black holes which have different soft hair but are otherwise identical. It is further argued that soft hair which is spatially localized to much less than a Planck length cannot be excited in a physically realizable process, giving an effective number of soft degrees of freedom proportional to the horizon area in Planck units.
Comparison of Serum Concentrations of Symmetric Dimethylarginine and Creatinine as Kidney Function Biomarkers in Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease
Venue: Journal of veterinary internal medicine
Year: 2014

Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) has been shown to be an accurate and precise biomarker for calculating estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in humans, as well as a more sensitive biomarker than serum creatinine concentration (sCr) for assessing renal dysfunction.  The purpose of this retrospective study was to report on the utility of measuring serum SDMA concentrations in cats for detection of chronic kidney disease (CKD) before diagnosis by conventional measurement of sCr.  Chronic kidney disease cats (n 21) included those persistently azotemic for =3 months (n 15) nonazotemic cats with GFR >30% decreased from median GFR of normal cats (n 4) and nonazotemic cats with calcium oxalate kidney stones (n 2) Healthy geriatric cats (n 21) were selected from the same colony.  Symmetric dimethylarginine concentrations (liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy) and sCr (enzymatic colorimetry) were determined retrospectively from historical data or banked serum samples in azotemic cats or at the time GFR (iohexol clearance) was measured in nonazotemic cats.  Serum SDMA (r 0.79) and sCr (r 0.77) concentrations were significantly correlated to GFR (both P .0001) Symmetric dimethylarginine became increased before sCr in 17/21 cats (mean, 17.0 months; range, 1.5 48 months) Serum SDMA had higher sensitivity (100% compared with sCr (17% but lower specificity (91% versus 100% and positive predictive value (86% versus 100%  Using serum SDMA as a biomarker for CKD allows earlier detection of CKD in cats compared with sCr, which may be desirable for initiating renoprotective interventions that slow progression of CKD.
GIS Based Dynamic Modeling of Fire Spread with Heterogeneous Cellular Automation Model and Standardized Emergency Management Protocol
Venue: EM GIS
Year: 2017

This paper presents a GIS based dynamic model of fire spread using heterogeneous cellular automation simulation, given a set of stochastic ignition points and initial environmental settings. Modeling forests and concrete buildings in different types of cells, we have developed the algorithm for fire spread in hybrid urban scenario. As a consequence, our method can model the fire spread process of fire spread from forest areas to urban areas and vice versa in a single experiment. The model is built upon B S standardized emergency management protocols, which we have customized from the Web Processing Service (WPS) And the standardized emergency management protocols can manage a set of different disaster models in a common structure. The structure of the simulation platform is established to dynamically visualize the fire spread process. And a comparison of experimental results with different wind velocity is carried out to illustrate the model.
Towards a better understanding of the L2 Learning Experience, the Cinderella of the L2 Motivational Self System
Venue: Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
Year: 2019

The theoretical emphasis within the L2 Motivational Self System has typically been on the two future self guides representing possible (ideal and ought to) selves, leaving the third main dimension of the construct, the L2 Learning Experience, somewhat undertheorized. Yet, this third component is not secondary in importance, as evidenced by empirical studies that consistently indicate that the L2 Learning Experience is not only a strong predictor of various criterion measures but is often the most powerful predictor of motivated behavior. This paper begins with an analysis of possible reasons for this neglect and then draws on the notion of student engagement in educational psychology to offer a theoretical framework for the concept. It is proposed that the L2 Learning Experience may be defined as the perceived quality of the learners' engagement with various aspects of the language learning process.
Using "The Machine Stops" for Teaching Ethics in Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science
Venue: AAAI Workshop: AI, Ethics, and Society
Year: 2016

A key front for ethical questions in artificial intelligence, and computer science more generally, is teaching students how to engage with the questions they will face in their professional careers based on the tools and technologies we teach them. In past work (and current teaching) we have advocated for the use of science fiction as an appropriate tool which enables AI researchers to engage students and the public on the current state and potential impacts of AI. We present teaching suggestions for E.M. Forster's 1909 story, "The Machine Stops," to teach topics in computer ethics. In particular, we use the story to examine ethical issues related to being constantly available for remote contact, physically isolated, and dependent on a machine all without mentioning computer games or other media to which students have strong emotional associations. We give a high level view of common ethical theories and indicate how they inform the questions raised by the story and afford a structure for thinking about how to address them.
Infinite Family of Ramsey (K 1,2, C 4) minimal Graphs
Year: 2021

Suppose F, G, and H be simple graphs. We let F (G, H) denote red blue coloring of edges of F containing either red G or blue H. The graph F is considered Ramsey (G, H) minimal if F (G, H) and F e (G, H) for arbitrary edge e of E(F The set of (G, H) minimal graphs is denoted by R(G, H) In this paper, we study an infinite family of graphs belongs to R(K 1,2, C 4)
Adaptive GA based AR hidden Markov model for time series forecasting
Venue: 2017 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)
Year: 2017

The optimization of a model that expresses time series data for a given period is a problem associated with the development of a regression model that estimates future data on the extension of the past data time series. This is a two step optimization problem where the order of past data used in the regression model (number of orders of the solution space) is decided, and weighted coefficients for observed data at each point in time (design variables) are determined. Such a two step optimization problem cannot calculate the evaluation function after the model is developed despite the fact that design variables cannot be determined during the second step until the orders of solution space are determined in the first step. Thus, it is a problem where simultaneous optimization of both the first and second steps is difficult, and a regression model with the smallest evaluation function is chosen as the optimal model after comparison with all the solutions. However, the self regressing hidden Markov model used in this study for regression requires a large amount of calculation during design variable determination due to the use of the hidden Markov. Furthermore, the calculation and comparison of all the solutions is inefficient. For such an optimization problem, this study proposes an actual value genetic algorithm (GA) with a framework capable of simultaneous optimization of the first and second steps. The proposed method takes an approach where in individuals that represent the solution space of different orders in the same group are generated. Further, it retains individuals with an order that has a large number of good solutions at a high probability through the transition of the generations. Numerical tests will involve performance validation using estimated artificial data of several states, realized volatility (RV) of the stock, and artificial as well as actual data of inbound visitors to Japan, and they will demonstrate that the optimization of the regression model by the proposed method is more effective than that by the conventional method.
Room temperature InGaAs/InP quantum well in nanopillar laser directly grown on silicon
Venue: 2016 Conference on Lasers and Electro Optics (CLEO)
Year: 2016

We demonstrate room temperature transparency and optically pumped lasing with an InGaAs quantum well active region integrated in an InP nanoresonator cavity grown monolithically on silicon. As grown silicon transparent lasers will enable on chip optical interconnects.
An Insight into teacher self efficacy belief of PGDT (Post Graduate Diploma in Teaching) Trainees: Implications for Ethiopian Secondary School Teacher Education Program
Year: 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the state of PGDT (Post Graduate Diploma in Teaching) trainees' self efficacy beliefs and the factors that contributed to its development with particular emphasis to PGDT trainees of Dilla University. The participants included 112 PGDT trainees who were selected using stratified random sampling. Quantitative data was collected through questionnaire which was eventually analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics such as independent sample t test, one sample t test, one way ANOVA and Multiple Linear Regression. The finding indicated that trainees have marginally average level of efficacy. It was also found that attitude to teaching (b= .573, t=10.129, p<.05) was the biggest contributor to self efficacy belief followed by school climate in secondary schools measured in terms of teachers' professional collaboration (b= .198, t= 5.276, p<.05) and in campus training practice (b= .146, t=3.201, p<.05) respectively. Compared to males, females had low sel efficacy beliefs. In contrast to popular expectations, the study additionally revealed that there was no significant mean difference in trainees' efficacy scores in terms of their CGPA. Interestingly, teaching experience before PGDT training negatively contributed to self efficacy belief (b= .070, t= 1.995, p< .05) Based on these major findings, it was concluded that trainees' efficacy with regard to bringing desired impact on secondary school students' achievement and behavior was not adequate and requires immediate attention.Finally, it was recommended that graduates should be given on job training and teachers' professional collaboration in Ethiopian secondary schools should be further strengthened.
Participacao das enfermeiras no processo de implantacao de praticas obstetricas humanizadas na maternidade Alexander Fleming (1998 2004)
Year: 2012

Se trata de un estudio de caracter historico y social cuya finalidad es analizar el proceso de insercion de las enfermeras en el momento de la entrega y la lucha de estos profesionales para implementar las practicas obstetricas humanizadas en la Maternidade Alexander Fleming. El metodo utilizado fue la historia oral tematica. Los pasos del analisis fueron: ordenacion, clasificacion y triangulacion de los datos. Para sustentacion del analisis se utilizo los conceptos de campo, habitus, poder simbolico y capital, de Pierre Bourdieu. Los resultados mostraron que la inclusion de las enfermeras en la atencion del parto se produjo a traves de la capacidad de recursos humanos para este proyecto y de un entrenamiento intensivo. Al ser insertado en el centro obstetrico, las enfermeras han creado su propio espacio para la accion y han desarrollado un protocolo de atencion. Concluimos que las estrategias de lucha simbolica utilizadas por las enfermeras contribuyeron para la conquista de espacios que las distinguieron en el campo por el desarrollo de practicas humanizadas que estaban en consonancia con su habitus.
Neural Inverse Knitting: From Images to Manufacturing Instructions
Venue: ICML
Year: 2019

Motivated by the recent potential of mass customization brought by whole garment knitting machines, we introduce the new problem of automatic machine instruction generation using a single image of the desired physical product, which we apply to machine knitting. We propose to tackle this problem by directly learning to synthesize regular machine instructions from real images. We create a cured dataset of real samples with their instruction counterpart and propose to use synthetic images to augment it in a novel way. We theoretically motivate our data mixing framework and show empirical results suggesting that making real images look more synthetic is beneficial in our problem setup.
Proceso contable y su incidencia en la competitividad empresarial de la empresa Mrs. Pechugon, ubicada en la Ciudad de Ambato, Provincia de Tungurahua, Ecuador.
Year: 2016

El proceso contable puede ser visto como el procedimiento que se lleva acabo para obtener como producto final los estados financieros, a traves del mismo lograr una informacion financiera util para los usuarios. Es asi, que en la presente investigacion se aplicaron tecnicas, procedimientos y definiciones de contabilidad, que ayudaron con el proceso investigativo. La presente investigacion se desarrollo bajo el metodo de investigacion deductivo pues se tomo como punto de referencia datos generales aceptados como validos para llegar a una conclusion de tipo particular mediante los documentos fuente facilitados por la empresa Mrs. Pechugon. El objetivo general es disenar un proceso contable que permita el control economico y financiero de la empresa "MRS. PECHUGON" dedicada a la comercializacion de alimentos de origen avicola (pollo) ubicada en el canton Ambato, para garantizar el uso eficiente de sus recursos. Mediante la ejecucion del proyecto, sobre el diseno de un proceso contable y su incidencia en la competitividad empresarial, se cumplieron los objetivos planteados, para que se beneficen tanto los estudiantes y la empresa misma, adquiriendo conocimientos nuevos acorde a la realidad empresarial que fortalezcan a su preparacion academica, y a la empresa como herramienta util la cual sirva para lograr una mejor toma de decisiones en el aspecto economico que beneficie al crecimiento y desarrollo empresarial de la misma.
Child Sexual Abuse in Fiji: Authority, Risk Factors and Responses
Year: 2016

While child sexual abuse is a problem worldwide, the risk factors for the perpetration of child sexual abuse within Fiji are unique in their relation to the traditional and communal nature of Fijian society. In this article, culturally relevant dynamic risk factors found within contemporary Fijian society are identified and understood alongside static factors contributing to abuse. Although there have been recent changes to sexual offence legislation and traditional criminal justice system responses to victims of sexual abuse, state sanctioned responses continue to maintain victimising practices. Equally, the relative rural isolation means many Indigenous Fijian (iTaukei) communities continue to use customary restorative justice practices that may marginalise the rehabilitation of victims and offenders for the communities' benefit. However, a culturally specific amalgamation of traditional criminal justice and customary restorative responses may help to create more holistic protection for survivors of child sexual abuse in Fiji.
Efficacy and Safety of Supplemental Transarterial Chemoembolization Through Extrahepatic Collateral Arteries with Drug eluting Beads: Treatment for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Venue: Drug design, development and therapy
Year: 2020

To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of supplement transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with drug eluting beads TACE (DEB TACE) through extrahepatic collateral (EHC) arteries for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)  In this retrospective study, 61 unresectable HCC patients with treatment naive EHC blood supplies who received TACE from January 2016 to March 2019 were enrolled; of these patients, 42 (68.9% received DEB TACE, and 19 (31.1% received cTACE. The hepatic tumor feeding arteries were treated in the same TACE session if it presented. The tumor response, time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Safety was assessed based on the occurrence of liver function deterioration and major complications within three months after TACE.  DEB TACE showed better efficacy than cTACE in the disease control rate (p=0.001) overall response rate (p=0.005) the TTP (eight months vsthree months, p=0.002) and the OS (23.8 months vs nine months, p=0.045) Nine patients in the DEB TACE group and one patient in the cTACE group were downstaged to resection or liver transplantation (21.4% vs 5.3% p=0.151) DEB TACE and cTACE have no difference in the acute and chronic liver toxicity. With regard to complications, there was no significant difference in the occurrence of both major (16.7% vs 21.1% p=0.72) and minor (57.1% vs 47.4% p=0.48) complications between DEB TACE and cTACE.  DEB TACE through EHC arteries has a potential therapeutic effect in the treatment of unresectable HCC, with comparable safety compared with cTACE.
Determinant of Sukuk Market Development (2009 2018)
Year: 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants of Sukuk (Islamic bond) market development for selected countries. For this purpose, a sample of 17 countries was selected and the factors affecting Sukuk market development with four measurements of economic growth, inflation, trade openness and institutional quality were examined by applying Panel Regression Fixed Effect (FE) Model for a period 10 years from 2009 to 2018. The scope of the study covers the most Sukuk issuers' countries namely: Bahrain, France, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, Kuwait, Malaysia, Nigeria, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom and United States. This study is using Sukuk market development for dependent variable while independent variables that have been selected were economic growth, inflation, trade openness and institutional quality proxy by control corruption. The findings showed that only institutional quality recorded negative relationship with Sukuk market development while inflation, economic growth and trade openness recorded positive relationship. However, only economic growth shows a positive significant relationship with Sukuk market development and mostly influences the development of Sukuk market.
Looking at China's Belt and Road Initiative from the Central Asian Perspective
Year: 2017

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a potentially transformational geopolitical development initiative, launched by China, which encompasses 65 countries, accounting for roughly 32 percent of global GDP, 39 percent of global merchandize trade, and 63 percent of the world's population. The BRI, also referred to as the Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) and the twenty first century Maritime Silk Road (MSR) is a geopolitical initiative put forth by Chinese President Xi Jinping, which goes well beyond building infrastructure along the ancient "silk road." The initiative seeks to develop a wide network of connectivity and cooperation spanning the entire Eurasian land mass and parts of Africa, including Central Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, Europe, and North and East Africa. The magnitude of investments anticipated under the BRI is massive. According to the Chinese government, US$890 billion worth of investments have already been disbursed under the BRI umbrella, with an expected total Chinese investment of US$4 trillion over the course of the initiative. Developments suggest that BRI could ultimately evolve beyond a mere Chinese financed initiative. However, the bulk of BRI related investments still appear to be conceived, driven, and primarily financed by China and financial institutions controlled by Beijing. This could change, however, as national governments that host BRI projects, multilateral institutions, and private sector gets more actively involved.
Poor quality of life among untreated Thai and Cambodian children without severe HIV symptoms
Venue: AIDS care
Year: 2012

There are limited data on quality of life (QOL)1in untreated HIV infected children who do not have severe HIV symptoms. Moreover, such data do not exist for Asian children. Poor QOL could be a factor in deciding if antiretroviral therapy (ART) should be initiated. Thai and Cambodian children (n=294) aged 1 11 years, naive to ART, with mild to moderate HIV symptoms and CD4 15 24% were enrolled. Their caregivers completed the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group QOL questionnaire prior to ART commencement. Six QOL domains were assessed using transformed scores that ranged from 0 to 100. Higher QOL scores indicated better health. Mean age was 6.1 (SD 2.8) years, mean CD4 was 723 (SD 369) cells/mm3, 57% was female, and%CDC  One third knew their HIV diagnosis. Mean (SD) scores were 69.9 (17.6) for health perception, 64.5 (16.2) for physical resilience, 84.2 (15.6) for physical functioning, 77.9 (16.3) for psychosocial well being, 74.7 (28.7) for social and role functioning, 90.0 (12.1) for health care utilization, and 87.4 (11.3) for symptoms domains. Children with CD4 counts above the 2008 World Health Organization (WHO) ART initiation criteria (n=53) had higher scores in health perception and health care utilization than those with lower CD4 values. Younger children had poorer QOL than older children despite having similar mean CD4% In conclusion, untreated Asian children without severe HIV symptoms had relatively low QOL scores compared to published reports in Western countries. Therapy initiation criteria by the WHO identified children with lower QOL scores to start ART; however, children who did not fit ART initiation criteria and those who were younger also displayed poor QOL. QOL assessment should be considered in untreated children to inform decisions about when to initiate ART.
Automatic classification of retinal three dimensional optical coherence tomography images using principal component analysis network with composite kernels
Venue: Journal of biomedical optics
Year: 2017

We present an automatic method, termed as the principal component analysis network with composite kernel (PCANet CK) for the classification of three dimensional (3 D) retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. Specifically, the proposed PCANet CK method first utilizes the PCANet to automatically learn features from each B scan of the 3 D retinal OCT images. Then, multiple kernels are separately applied to a set of very important features of the B scans and these kernels are fused together, which can jointly exploit the correlations among features of the 3 D OCT images. Finally, the fused (composite) kernel is incorporated into an extreme learning machine for the OCT image classification. We tested our proposed algorithm on two real 3 D spectral domain OCT (SD OCT) datasets (of normal subjects and subjects with the macular edema and age related macular degeneration) which demonstrated its effectiveness.