nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Determinants of modern contraceptive use among married women of reproductive age: a cross sectional study in rural Zambia
Venue: BMJ Open
Year: 2020

Zambia is among the world's top 10 countries with higher fertility rate (5.5 births/woman) unmet family planning need for births spacing (14% and limiting births (7% Women in rural Zambia (24% are reported to have unmet need for family planning than those in urban areas (17% This study was conducted to ascertain factors associated with modern contraceptive use among rural Zambian women.    Secondary data of 4903 married or cohabiting rural women (15 49 years) after filtering out the pregnant, urban based and unmarried women from 2013 to 2014 Zambian Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS) were analysed using SPSS V.22. Multiple logistic regression, Pearson's kh2 and descriptive statistics were performed to examine factors associated with modern contraceptive use.  Factors that were positively associated with contraceptive use were respondent's education (secondary adjusted ORs (AOR 1.61, p<=0.002) higher (AOR 2.39, p<=0.050) wealth index (middle class, (AOR 1.35, p<=0.005) rich (AOR 2.04, p<=0.001) and richest (AOR 1.95, p<=0.034) high parity (1 2 (AOR 5.31, p<=0.001) 3 4 (AOR 7.06, p<=0.001) 5+ (AOR 8.02, p<=0.001) men older than women by <10 years (AOR 1.50, p<=0.026) and women sensitised about family planning at health facility (AOR 1.73, p<=0.001) However, old age (40 49 years (AOR 0.49, p<=0.001) other religions (Protestants, African traditionalists and Muslims) (AOR 0.77, p<=0.007) ever had pregnancy miscarried, aborted or stillbirth (AOR 0.78, p<=0.026) and women without knowledge of number of children husband desires (AOR 0.71, p<=0.001) were negatively associated with contraceptive use.  Modern contraceptive use in rural Zambia among currently married women of reproductive age group is relatively low (43% We recommend that appropriate interventions are instituted to increase contraceptive access and use especially among uneducated older rural Zambian women.
Secure Service Offloading for Internet of Vehicles in SDN Enabled Mobile Edge Computing
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Year: 2021

Currently, Edge computing (EC) paradigm is adopted to provision the low latency resources for the massive real time services in Internet of vehicles (IoV) To alleviate the QoE (Quality of Experience) degradation of the vehicular users due to the uncertainties (e.g. resource conflicts and communicating interruption) software defined network (SDN) is involved in the EC enabled IoV to manage the cooperative operation of distributed edge nodes (ENs) However, the increasing privacy leakage for the IoV service offloading causes the disclosure of the sensitive information, including driving location, personal information of the driver, etc. Moreover, the regulation of SDN is practically insufficient, as the general control is incompetent to maintain balanced operation with the premise of efficient service utility. In view of these challenges, a secure service offloading method, named SOME, is designed to promote IoV service utility and edge utility, meanwhile ensuring privacy security, in SDN enabled EC. Specifically, an SDN based framework for IoV service management is developed to address the inherent uncertainty of edge network by SDN controllers. Besides, the locality sensitive hash (LSH) is leveraged to realize utility and privacy aware service selection. Eventually, comparative experiments are implemented to verify the effectiveness of SOME.
Strategies for improving memory: a randomized trial of memory groups for older people, including those with mild cognitive impairment.
Venue: Journal of Alzheimer's disease JAD
Year: 2016

Governments are promoting the importance of maintaining cognitive health into older age to minimize risk of cognitive decline and dementia. Older people with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are particularly vulnerable to memory challenges in daily activities and are seeking ways to maintain independent living.  To evaluate the effectiveness of memory groups for improving memory strategies and memory ability of older people, especially those with aMCI.  113 healthy older adults (HOA) and 106 adults with aMCI were randomized to a six week memory group or a waitlist control condition. Outcome was evaluated through knowledge and use of memory strategies, memory ability (self report and neuropsychological tests) and wellbeing. Assessments included a six month follow up.  Using intention to treat analyses, there were intervention effects for HOA and aMCI groups in strategy knowledge (HOA: e2= 0.20; aMCI: e2= 0.06) strategy use (HOA: e2= 0.18; aMCI: e2= 0.08) and wellbeing (HOA: e2= 0.11; aMCI: e2= 0.05) There were also intervention effects in the HOA group, but not the aMCI group, in self reported memory ability (e2= 0.06) and prospective memory tests (e2= 0.02) By six month follow up, gains were found on most HOA outcomes. In the aMCI group gains were found in strategy use, and by this stage, gains in prospective memory were also found.  Memory groups can engage older people in techniques for maintaining cognitive health and improve memory performance, but more modest benefits are seen for older adults with aMCI.
Rapid identification of tea quality by E nose and computer vision combining with a synergetic data fusion strategy
Year: 2019

This research demonstrates a rapid detection method of jointly using electronic nose (E nose) and computer vision system (CVS) to detect tea aroma and tea appearance for tea quality identification. Feature level and decision level fusion strategies were introduced for analyzing the fusion signals of E nose and CVS. K nearest neighbors (KNN) support vector machine (SVM) and multinomial logistic regression (MLR) were applied for classification modelling. The results showed that the decision making based on fusion strategies synergistically integrated the advantages of E nose and CVS and obtained better performance than independent decision in tea quality identification. The decision level fusion combining the SVM results of both E nose and CVS was the most effective strategy with the classification accuracy rates of 100% for training and testing sets. This study manifests the simultaneous utilization of E nose and CVS combined with the decision level fusion strategy could be worked as a rapid detection method to identify tea quality.
Essential tools for food safety surveillance in catering services: On site inspections and control of high risk cross contamination surfaces
Year: 2017

The aim of this study was to assess the routine food safety procedures carried out in catering services so as to provide a useful monitoring program for managers based on the relevant deviations detected in the observational survey and activities carried out in 15 catering services located in Navarra (region of northern Spain) The main hygiene standards, food handler practices and compliance with the HACCP system were evaluated by means of visual inspections (checklist) monitoring of critical control points (food storage and food processing temperatures, total polar compounds) and microbiological analysis of food contact and hand contact surfaces. While general high scores were obtained in the observational survey (73.3% above 36 points) none of the evaluated services had obtained the maximum rate of 48 points. The mayor deficiencies were related to the presence of dirty uniforms, improper hand washing or use of gloves, incorrect disinfection of vegetables and the missing records of stated critical points (temperatures and polar compounds in oil) The performed monitoring activities confirmed the safety of frying oil in all the kitchens, despite the fact that only 33% of them applied scientific methods to measure polar compounds. By contrast, holding temperatures were unsatisfactory in 77% of cold dishes and in 19% of hot meals. Despite the fact that 77% of food contact surfaces were considered acceptable 2 high levels of total mesophilic microorganisms and Enterobacteriaceae were detected in hand contact surfaces such as aprons and handles. The periodic visual supervision focusing on hygienic practices and the microbiological surveillance of surfaces of high risk for cross contamination should provide valuable information for improving the knowledge, attitudes and practices of food handlers regarding food safety.
PERSEPSI CALON GURU PAI TERHADAP KOMPETENSI 6C DALAM MENGHADAPI ERA 4.0
Year: 2020

In the 4.0 era, technology was rapidly developing which caused changes in the perspective of education. The competencies needed in the world of education are also changing. This affects the competency of prospective teachers. They must prepare, improve, and continue to hone their competencies to be able to produce a quality generation that is able to answer the challenges in the current 4.0 era. This study aims to explain the perceptions of prospective PAI teachers, inform about 6C competencies which is an update in the 4.0 era curriculum which was formerly known as 4C competencies but now gets two additional new competencies by the Minister of Education and Culture so that they become 6C competencies, as well as challenges faced by prospective PAI teachers in era 4.0. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method and literature study. The results and discussion of this research are found that: 1. From the perception of PAI teacher candidates many do not know about the 6C competency being promoted by the Minister of Education and Culture because it has not been a focus among educators. 2. Prospective educators try to hone their competencies to face the 4.0 era.
Religiousness and Subjective Well Being Among Israeli Palestinian College Students: Direct or Mediated Links?
Year: 2016

Espousing a positive psychology orientation, this study aimed to explore the links between religiousness and subjective well being, and test whether social support and self control mediate the expected associations between these two variables. Participants were 264 Israeli Palestinian college students, who were asked to provide demographic information and complete measures of religiousness, social support, self control, subjective happiness, positive emotions and negative emotions. We found that religiousness was positively correlated with both subjective happiness and positive emotions, but no significant correlation was found between religiousness and negative emotions. Both social support and self control partially mediated the links between religiousness and both subjective happiness and positive emotions. The findings of the study, as well as its implications and limitations, are discussed.
Predicting response to chemotherapy in neuroblastoma using deep learning: A report from the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group.
Year: 2021

10039  Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scans are a radionucleotide imaging modality used to evaluate neuroblastoma stage at diagnosis and also determine disease response following therapy. Curie scoring is used to semi quantitatively assess disease burden from an MIBG scan on a scale from none (0) to widespread throughout the body (30) While a Curie score =2 after six cycles of induction chemotherapy has been shown to be prognostic of outcome, there is no established correlation between diagnostic Curie score and outcome. Deep learning models, such as convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been shown to learn generalizable patterns within images for successful classification of metastases and detection of multiple adult cancers. We hypothesized a CNN could be developed to predict response to induction chemotherapy, a proxy for outcome, using diagnostic MIBG scans.  DICOM MIBG scans and associated clinical data from a Children's Oncology Group (COG) pilot study for children diagnosed with high risk neuroblastoma (ANBL12P1; NCT1798004) were deidentified and linked to clinical data by the Pediatric Cancer Data Commons and obtained from the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Data Commons. Patients were defined as having a poor response to induction chemotherapy if their Curie score after four cycles of induction chemotherapy was =2. An independent external validation cohort was comprised of 29 images from 26 high risk patients treated at the University of Chicago with clinically annotated diagnostic and post cycle six induction DICOM MIBG scans. The CNN was trained using 2D whole body MIBG scans obtained at diagnosis. We developed the CNN using a transfer learning approach using the Xception architecture as the base layer. Hyperparameter optimization was performed using an 80% 20% train validation strategy. Model performance was evaluated using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC)  Among 146 patients with high risk neuroblastoma enrolled on ANBL12P1, 104 had available diagnostic and end induction MIBG scans. There were no differences in clinical or biological characteristics between included and excluded patients. The base model CNN was able to predict which patients had a poor response to induction chemotherapy with an AUROC of 0.72 in the validation set from the ANBL12P1 cohort. Additionally, the CNN was able to predict patient response to therapy with an AUROC of 0.64 in an independent external dataset from University of Chicago.  Our study suggests it is feasible to apply machine learning of diagnostic MIBG scans to predict response to chemotherapy for high risk neuroblastoma patients. Given these promising results, further work to improve AUROC and performance within larger datasets is ongoing.
Vascular dementia Cognitive functional and behavioral assessment
Year: 2011

Vascular dementia (VaD) is the most prevalent form of secondary dementia and the second most common of all dementias. The present paper aims to define guidelines on the basic principles for treating patients with suspected VaD (and vascular cognitive impairment no dementia) using an evidence based approach. The material was retrieved and selected from searches of databases (Medline, Scielo, Lilacs) preferentially from the last 15 years, to propose a systematic way to assess cognition, function and behavior, and disease severity staging, with instruments adapted for our milieu, and diagnosis disclosure. The present proposal contributes to the definition of standard diagnostic criteria for VaD based on various levels of evidence. It is noteworthy that only around half of the population of patients with vascular cognitive impairment present with dementia, which calls for future proposals defining diagnostic criteria and procedures for this condition.
THE INFLUENCE OF INCUBATION TEMPERATURE AND TYPE YEAST IN MAKING BIOETHANOL FROM BANANA SKIN WASTE
Year: 2017

As we know, the current energy demand is not proportional to the increasing availability of fuel thinning. Therefore we need a research to get alternative source of renewable energy by utilizing biomass waste like banana peel. In this study is to use banana skin waste in the industrial area of banana processing that has been taken the meat, and the skin is left to rot and become organic fertilizer. The purpose of this research is how the influence of incubation temperature and yeast type on variation of banana skin type to bioethanol content. The research method is by hydrolysis of starch, fermentation, and analysis of bioethanol yield using gas chromatography (GC FID (Flame Ionization Detector) shimadzu, Kyoto, 2010) Based on the result of the research, it can be seen that the sample of banana leaf waste (musa balbisiana) produce the most bioethanol with yeast bread type at incubation temperature 30@C that is 0,5854% then banana kepok (paradisiaca L) and king banana leather musa sapientum) with each bioethanol content of 0.4587% and 0.4173%
A unified scheme to accelerate adaptive cubic regularization and gradient methods for convex optimization
Year: 2017

In this paper we propose a unified two phase scheme for convex optimization to accelerate: (1) the adaptive cubic regularization methods with exact/inexact Hessian matrices, and (2) the adaptive gradient method, without any knowledge of the Lipschitz constants for the gradient or the Hessian. This is achieved by tuning the parameters used in the algorithm \textit{adaptively} in its process of progression, which can be viewed as a relaxation over the existing algorithms in the literature. Under the assumption that the sub problems can be solved approximately, we establish overall iteration complexity bounds for three newly proposed algorithms to obtain an \epsilon$ approximate solution. Specifically, we show that the adaptive cubic regularization methods with the exact/inexact Hessian matrix both achieve an iteration complexity in the order of $O\left( 1 \epsilon^{1/3} \right) which matches that of the original accelerated cubic regularization method presented in [Nesterov 2008 Accelerating] assuming the availability of the exact Hessian information and the Lipschitz constants, and that the sub problems are solved to optimality. Under the same two phase adaptive acceleration framework, the gradient method achieves an iteration complexity in the order $O\left( 1 \epsilon^{1/2} \right) which is known to be best possible (cf. Nesterov 2013 Introductory) Our numerical experiment results show a clear effect of acceleration displayed in the adaptive Newton method with cubic regularization on a set of regularized logistic regression instances.
Pharmacological inhibition of bacterial &bgr; glucuronidase prevents irinotecan induced diarrhea without impairing its antitumor efficacy in vivo
Venue: Pharmacological research
Year: 2019

&NA; Irinotecan (CPT 11) a first line chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer, causes serious diarrhea in patients receiving treatment. The underlying mechanism has been shown that the active metabolite of CPT 11, SN 38, is metabolized to the inactive metabolite SN 38 glucuronide (SN 38 G) during hepatic glucuronidation, and subsequently is exported into the intestine, where SN 38 G is hydrolyzed by bacterial &bgr; glucuronidase &bgr;G) to be SN 38, thus leading to intestinal toxicity. Thus, inhibition of the intestinal bacterial &bgr;G activity is expected to prevent CPT 11 induced diarrhea. However, the effects of such inhibition on serum pharmacokinetics of SN 38, the key determinant of CPT 11 treatment, are uncertain. Here, we determined the effects of a potent E. coli &bgr;G (e&bgr;G) specific inhibitor pyrazolo[4,3 c]quinoline derivative (TCH 3562) for the potential use in preventing CPT 11 induced diarrhea. TCH 3562 exhibited efficacious inhibitory potency of endogenous &bgr;G activity in two anaerobes, Eubacteriumsp. and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius. Oral administration of TCH 3562 also effectively reduced the bacterial &bgr;G activity in mice intestine. Moreover, pharmacokinetic analysis of TCH 3562 revealed a relatively low amount of TCH 3562 was detected in the plasma whereas the majority of TCH 3562 was found in the feces. Importantly, co treatment of CPT 11 and TCH 3562 did not decrease active SN 38 level in mice plasma. Finally, we established that TCH 3562 as an adjuvant treatment showed protective effects on CPT 11 induced diarrhea and had no negative effects on the therapeutic efficacy of CPT 11 in tumor bearing mice. Therefore, inhibition of the intestinal bacterial &bgr;G activity by the specific inhibitor, TCH 3562, is promising to prevent CPT 11 induced diarrhea while maintaining its anti tumor efficacy that may have clinical potentials for the treatment with CPT 11.
Factors influencing breast changes after pregnancy
Venue: European journal of cancer prevention the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation
Year: 2013

Pregnancy and breastfeeding are major factors reducing breast cancer (BC) risk. A potential mechanism for this effect might be changes in mammographic density, but other factors might be involved. The aim of this study was to investigate factors influencing changes in breast size and breast stiffness after pregnancy. Of a consecutive cohort of 5991 women who gave birth between 1996 and 1999, 559 replied to a questionnaire including questions about breast changes. The women completed their own assessments of changes in breast size and stiffness since their last pregnancy. Factors being investigated regarding their predictive value for these changes were: BMI before pregnancy, weight gain, age at first full term pregnancy (FFTP) number of pregnancies, breastfeeding, and BMI of the children's fathers. A decrease in breast size was reported in 21.8% of the participants and an increase in 35.1% With regard to the breast stiffness, 66.4% reported a decrease and only 5% reported an increase. Independent predictors for increased breast size were age at FFTP, increase in BMI since last pregnancy, BMI before pregnancy, and time since FFTP. Factors predictive of greater breast stiffness included age at FFTP, BMI before FFTP, time since FFTP, breastfeeding status, and number of pregnancies. Breast changes after pregnancy depend on several variables, which are described as BC risk factors. Individual reaction of the female breast to a pregnancy leads to different outcomes with regard to breast size and stiffness. Further studies are needed to clarify whether these individual responses interact with the effect of pregnancy on the BC risk.
Evaluation of Azadirachta indica seed/spent Camellia sinensis bio filler based jute fabrics epoxy composites: Experimental and numerical studies
Year: 2020

The present work examined the thermo mechanical characteristics of bio fillers, namely Azadirachta indica seed powder, spent Camellia sinensis powder, their combinations filled jute fabrics epoxy composites analytically and experimentally and compared it with the unfilled one. The test results showed that Azadirachta indica seed powder filled composites showed better mechanical properties with lesser voids, while spent Camellia sinensis powder and its composites showed better thermal stability. ANSYS analysis was used to show the stress distribution during the tensile and flexural testing. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study various characteristics of the fractured composites. A telephone stand was also fabricated to prove the application capability of best mechanical performer and analysed for deformation behaviour.
Garlic reduces dementia and heart disease risk.
Venue: The Journal of nutrition
Year: 2006

Risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including high cholesterol, high homocysteine, hypertension and inflammation, increase the risk of dementia, including its most common form, Alzheimer's disease (AD) High cholesterol is also associated with elevated beta amyloid (Abeta) the hallmark of AD. Oxidative damage is a major factor in cardiovascular disease and dementia, diseases whose risk increases with age. Garlic, extracted and aged to form antioxidant rich aged garlic extract (AGE or Kyolic) may help reduce the risk of these diseases. AGE scavenges oxidants, increases superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione levels, and inhibits lipid peroxidation and inflammatory prostaglandins. AGE reduces cholesterol synthesis by inhibiting 3 hydroxy 3 methylglutaryl CoA reductase and is additive with statins in its action. Inhibition of cholesterol, LDL oxidation, and platelet aggregation by AGE, inhibits arterial plaque formation; AGE decreases homocysteine, lowers blood pressure, and increases microcirculation, which is important in diabetes, where microvascular changes increase heart disease and dementia risks. AGE also may help prevent cognitive decline by protecting neurons from Abeta neurotoxicity and apoptosis, thereby preventing ischemia or reperfusion related neuronal death and improving learning and memory retention. Although additional observations are warranted in humans, compelling evidence supports the beneficial health effects attributed to AGE in helping prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and lowering the risk of dementia and AD.