nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
AIE based fluorescent self assembled glycoacrylamides for E.coli detection and cell imaging
Year: 2018

Development of fluorescent glycopolymeric probes with high water solubility, multivalency, stimuli responsiveness, high cellular internalization efficiency and good photostability, is in urgent demand. Aggregation Induced Emission (AIE) property of glucose based acrylamides (Glc acryl and Glc bis) have been studied at various pH, concentration and their application towards lectin recognition, bacterial detection and cell imaging have been probed. The emissions of glycoacrylamides are found to be pH dependent and exhibit Aggregation Induced Emission Enhancement (AIEE) in t butanol water mixtures. Fluorescent assay unravelled the specific recognition property of pendant glucose residues on glycoacrylamides towards protein, Concanavalin A (Con A) with an association constant (K a of 144 x 10 3 M 1 and 76.3 x 10 3 M 1 for the interaction with Glc acryl and Glc bis, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) of Con A by Glc acryl and Glc bis was found to be 7.85 pM and 3.49 nM, respectively. Incubation with E.coli revealed that the relationship between the fluorescence signal and E.coli concentration was linear from (1.00 x 10 6 to (1.70 x 10 8 cells/mL (R 2 0.98) with LOD (at S/N ratio of 3) of E.coli being 7.30 x 10 5 cells/mL. The cell penetration studies of synthesized glycoacrylamides with INT407 cell lines showed good cellular uptake.
Performance Study of a Ring Resonator Based Optical Beam Forming System for Phased Array Receive Antennas
Venue: 2007 14th IEEE Symposium on Communications and Vehicular Technology in the Benelux
Year: 2007

A broadband, continuously tunable receiver system for phased array antennas is described. It uses a ring resonator based optical beamforming network, filter based optical SSB SC modulation and balanced coherent detection. The system is modeled as an equivalent RF two port system and its performance is analyzed, identifying and modeling dominant noise and distortion sources. Numerical theoretical performance results are reported for a satellite television case study, based on DVB S.
Analytical analysis of the interfacial shear stress in RC beams strengthened with prestressed exponentially varying properties plate
Year: 2018

In this paper, a closed form rigorous solution for interfacial shear stress in simply supported beams strengthened with bonded prestressed E FGM plates and subjected to an arbitrarily positioned single point load, or two symmetric point loads is developed using linear elastic theory. This improved solution is intended for application to beams made of all kinds of materials bonded with a thin plate, while all existing solutions have been developed focusing on the strengthening of reinforced concrete beams, which allowed the omission of certain terms. The theoretical predictions are compared with other existing solutions. Finally, numerical results from the present analysis are presented to study the effects of various parameters of the beams on the distributions of the interfacial shear stresses. The results of this study indicated that the E FGM plate strengthening systems are effective in enhancing flexural behavior of the strengthened RC beams.
On the Representation and Querying of Sets of Possible Worlds in the K anonymity Privacy Protecting Model
Venue: 2011 Seventh International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security
Year: 2011

We represent a set of possible worlds using a k anonymity privacy protection model. We introduce kpro anonymity model, a space efficient and complete representation system for finite sets of worlds. We study the problem of efficiently evaluating queries on sets of possible worlds represented by kpro anonymity model.
Micro electrical discharge machining of difficult to machine materials: A review
Year: 2019

Electrical discharge machining has emerged as one of the most accepted non traditional machining methods that have the capability of attaining complex shapes and better feature size in difficult to machine materials. In this article, an advanced review of conventional electrical discharge machining and micro electrical discharge machining of difficult to machine materials, such as nickel and its alloys, titanium alloys, stainless steel (SUS 304) and advanced ceramics, has been presented. The review begins with an introduction to the conventional electrical discharge machining and micro electrical discharge machining processes, followed by classifications and a brief discussion on different aspects of micro manufacturing methods. The current research trends and developments, research gaps and challenges of the conventional electrical discharge machining and micro electrical discharge machining of nickel and its alloys, titanium alloys (Ti6Al4V) stainless steel and advanced ceramics are also discussed in depth. A brief note on future research trends, based on the available literature, has been included in the last section.
Iterative Document Representation Learning Towards Summarization with Polishing
Venue: EMNLP
Year: 2018

In this paper, we introduce Iterative Text Summarization (ITS) an iteration based model for supervised extractive text summarization, inspired by the observation that it is often necessary for a human to read an article multiple times in order to fully understand and summarize its contents. Current summarization approaches read through a document only once to generate a document representation, resulting in a sub optimal representation. To address this issue we introduce a model which iteratively polishes the document representation on many passes through the document. As part of our model, we also introduce a selective reading mechanism that decides more accurately the extent to which each sentence in the model should be updated. Experimental results on the CNN/DailyMail and DUC2002 datasets demonstrate that our model significantly outperforms state of the art extractive systems when evaluated by machines and by humans.
Complex dielectric properties of anhydrous polycrystalline glucose in the terahertz region
Venue: Photonics West Biomedical Optics
Year: 2015

We utilized terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz TDS) to investigate the complex dielectric properties of solid polycrystalline material of anhydrous glucose (D glucose with purity >99.9% THz transmission spectra of samples were measured from 0.2 to 2.2 THz. The samples were prepared into tablets with thicknesses of 0.362, 0.447, 0.504, 0.522 and 0.626 mm, respectively. The imaginary part of the complex dielectric function of polycrystalline glucose showed that there were multiple characteristic absorption peaks at 1.232, 1.445, 1.522, 1.608, 1.811 and 1.987 THz, respectively. Moreover, for a given characteristic absorption peak, the real part of the complex dielectric function showed anomalous dispersion within the full width half maximum (FWHM) of the absorption peak. Both finite difference time domain (FDTD) numerical simulations and experimental results showed that the complex dielectric function of anhydrous polycrystalline glucose fits well with the Lorentz dielectric mode. The plasma oscillation frequency was below the frequency of the light waves suggesting that the light waves passed through the polycrystalline glucose tablets. Calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) showed that the characteristic absorption peaks of polycrystalline glucose originated mainly from collective intermolecular vibrations such as hydrogen bonds and crystal phonon modes. The THz radiation can excite the vibrational or rotational energy levels of the biological macromolecules. This leads to changes in their spatial configuration or interactions. This study showed that THz TDS has potential applications in biological and pharmaceutical research and food industry.
Context Learning Network for Object Detection
Venue: 2018 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW)
Year: 2018

Current state of the art detectors typically classify candidate proposals using their interior features. However, the valuable contexts are not fully exploited by existing detectors yet, which limits the detection performance. In this paper, we present a context learning network (CLN) which aims to capture pairwise relation between objects and global contexts of each object. The proposed CLN consists of two subnetworks: a multi layer perceptron (MLP) with three layers and a convolutional neural network (ConvNet) with two layers. The MLP is first designed to capture the pairwise relation context. Pairwise relationship context is then gathered and concatenated to further learn the global contexts by the ConvNet. Finally, we obtain the desired context feature maps with rich contextual information that are useful for accurate object detection. The proposed CLN is lightweight and it is easy to embed in any existing networks for object detection. In this paper, we present a context aware Faster RCNN with the proposed CLN and conduct extensive experiments to evaluate its performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the context aware Faster RCNN achieves state of the art performance with the 82.1% 80.7% and 38.4%mAPs on VOC 2007, VOC 2012 and COCO datasets, respectively.
Optimal design of flow rate in drip irrigation system to enhance the tomato cultivation
Year: 2014

Tomato is the second most important vegetable crop next to potato. As far as conservation of soil and water is concerned, drip irrigation offers the most practical and effective alternative to regular surface irrigation among all the irrigation technique known today in the world. Researchers throughout the world are kin to obtain the optimal flow rate through drip irrigation for overall development of crop. In this study, attempt has been made to analysis the growth rate and yield of tomato plant at various flow rate of drip irrigation, and to determine the effect of fertigation through drip irrigation on growth and yield of tomato. In this study "Samartha F1 hybrid" variety of tomato seed was selected and cultivated over the farm size of 6x5 m2. The selected farm area was divided into two sections i.e. fertigation section and non fertigation section. Three rows having ten plants in each row was transplanted in both sections. Growth of tomato plants in term of height and canopy was measured and compared with different flow rates. The average increment in the height of tomato plants at flow rate of 2 L/hr, 4 L/hr and 8 L/hr were estimated as 68% 60% and 52% respectively. Yield of tomato in terms of fruits was estimated for three different flow rates of 2 L/hr, 4 L/hr and 8 L/hr. The yield of tomato is optimal when drip irrigation with 2 litres per second has been used for irrigating the farm land. Significant effect of fertigation through drip irrigation has been found on growth and yield of tomato plants.
Construction of a recombinant plasmid containing multi copy CpG motifs and its effects on the innate immune responses of aquatic animals.
Venue: Fish shellfish immunology
Year: 2007

Bacterial DNA and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides (CpG motifs) have been shown to induce potential immune responses. In this study, we designed a recombinant plasmid containing multi copy CpG motifs, and observed its effects on innate immune responses of fish and prawn. The results showed that such plasmid DNA, compared to the vacant vector, can highly induce the activation of head kidney macrophages and the proliferation of peripheral blood leukocytes in Carassius auratus and Lateolabrax japonicus in vitro, as well as the activity of humoral defense proteins and the antibacterial activity of haemolymph in Litopenaeus vannamei in vivo. It implies that the multi copy CpG motifs harboured in plasmid could contribute to these innate immunostimulatory effects. Therefore, the study suggested that the plasmid containing multi copy CpG motifs might have its potential application in improving host resistance to pathogen insults in aquaculture, and have its notable advantages of high efficacy, economical cost and application to a broad range of aquatic species.
Surface sediment characteristics related to provenance and ocean circulation in the Drake Passage sector of the Southern Ocean
Year: 2019

Understanding present day sediment provenance and transport processes is crucial for studies about the dynamics of ocean circulation, as well as for paleoclimate reconstructions in the Drake Passage (DP) a key area for Earth's global oceanic circulation and climate during past and future. Based on a comprehensive set of surface sediment samples, we used spatial variations in grain size distribution, bulk sediment mineralogy, silt and clay mineralogy across the entire DP region to elucidate the terrigenous sources and transport mechanisms. The statistical evaluation of these data identifies southern Patagonia (carbonate, illite, chlorite, feldspar and quartz) and the Antarctic Peninsula (chlorite, smectite, and amphibole) as the main sources for terrigenous sediments in the DP region. Different current systems are transporting the sediment material. Here, we provide a new, robust flow speed calibration for silt grain sizes to enable the reconstruction of Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) dynamics in the DP sector of the Southern Ocean. We correlated the sortable silt mean grain size records of surface sediments with adjacent long term current meter data. A clear bottom current speed pattern shows the variability of the ACC in the DP responding to the dynamics of ocean fronts, in agreement with modern observation.
Public awareness: A general population survey on the public's perception of alcohol related crime in Ireland
Year: 2019

The negative effects of alcohol related consequences not only have an effect solely on the drinker themselves, but others around them can be affected by these consequences. This study assed the public perception and experiences of such crimes in relation to age gender location and binge drinking rates. 200 participants completed a within participant cross sectional online survey which distributed across several social media sites. The results of this study found that most participants felt that alcohol misuse was a problem and that violent crimes were the biggest cause for concern in their area. Females were found to have higher levels of alcohol misuse as a concern than males, 18 25 year olds were more likely to witness or be involved in a verbal or physical assault and binge drinkers were also more likely to be involved in a verbal or physical assault. The implications of this study could lead to the potential influence in legislation reform. High levels of community concern for alcohol related crime could provide policy makers with implementing new strategies to reduce harm in city entertainment precincts.
Maternal Mortality in the United States: Changes in Coding, Publication, and Data Release, 2018.
Venue: National vital statistics reports from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System
Year: 2020

This report describes changes in how the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) will code, publish, and release maternal mortality data and presents official 2018 maternal mortality estimates using a new coding method. Due to the incremental implementation of the pregnancy status checkbox item on the 2003 revised U.S. Standard Certificate of Death, NCHS last published an official estimate of the U.S. maternal mortality rate in 2007. As of 2018, implementation of the revised certificate, including its pregnancy checkbox, is complete for all 50 states (noting that California implemented a different checkbox than that on the U.S. Standard Certificate of Death) allowing NCHS to resume the routine publication of maternal mortality statistics. However, an evaluation of data quality indicated some errors with the reporting of maternal deaths (deaths within 42 days of pregnancy) following adoption of the checkbox, including overreporting of maternal deaths among older women. Therefore, NCHS has adopted a new method (to be called the 2018 method) for coding maternal deaths to mitigate these probable errors. The 2018 method involves further restricting application of the pregnancy checkbox to decedents aged 10 44 years from the previous age group of 10 54. In addition, the 2018 method restricts assignment of maternal codes to the underlying cause alone when the checkbox is the only indication of pregnancy on the death certificate, and such coding would be applied only to decedents aged 10 44 based solely on the checkbox when no other pregnancy information is provided in the cause of death statement. Based on the new method, a total of 658 deaths were identified in 2018 as maternal deaths. The maternal mortality rate for 2018 was 17.4 deaths per 100,000 live births, and the rate for non Hispanic black women (37.1) was 2.5 to 3.1 times the rates for non Hispanic white (14.7) and Hispanic (11.8) women. Rates also increased with age. Maternal mortality rates calculated without using information obtained from the checkbox are also presented for 2002, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 to provide comparisons over time using a comparable coding approach across all states.
Human Resource Management and Organisational Performance: The Mediating Role of Social Exchange
Year: 2020

This study seeks to explore the impact of specific set of HRM practice on organizational performance in a Middle Eastern emerging market. It aims to examine the mediating role of social exchange within the healthcare sector in Jordan, which is presently reeling under pressure from refugee crisis from Syria and neighbouring countries. Both, HR and hospital managers were targeted in all private and public hospitals through two separate questionnaires. We find, as predicted, that recruitment, training, and internal promoting from within have a positive and significant effect on performance. However, contrary to expectation, we found performance appraisal and rewards and benefits not linked with performance. Notably, whilst researchers argue that a better theoretical understanding of the mechanisms describing the relationship between HRM and performance should be developed, the results indicate that social exchange can play an essential role in explaining the HRM performance indirect relationship a result that partly unlocks the elements of so called 'black box' in HR research. The theoretical and applied implications of these findings are explored.
Optimal Placement of Distributed Generations in Radial Distribution Systems Using Various PSO and DE Algorithms
Year: 2013

Distributed generations (DGs) have been continuously integrating into the distribution systems. Size and site of distributed generations have significant impacts on the system real power losses reduction and voltage profile improvement in the radial distribution systems. In this paper, recent and more dynamic PSO as well as improved DE algorithms are used for optimum placement of distributed generations in radial distribution systems. The objective of this paper is to minimize distribution system real power losses by the least possible injected power from distributed generations. To assess different PSO and DE algorithms capabilities, simulations carried out on two IEEE 33 bus and 69 bus standard radial distribution systems.
Intraocular lens power calculation in the elderly population using the Kane formula in comparison with existing methods.
Venue: Journal of cataract and refractive surgery
Year: 2020

To assess the accuracy of the Kane formula for intraocualr lens (IOL) power calculation in comparison with established formulas in the elderly population.  Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, USA.  Retrospective cohort.  Retrospective data from 90 patients (90 eyes) aged 75 years or older who underwent uneventful cataract surgery with SN60WF intraocular lens (IOL) implantation were evaluated. The first operated eyes of patients with final corrected distance visual acuity 20/40 or better and axial length 22 to 26 mm were included. Prediction errors were calculated for Barrett Universal (BU) II, Haigis, Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, Kane, and SRK/T formulas. A subgroup analysis based on age (75 84 and =85 years old) was performed.  Use of both BUII and Kane formulas resulted in the highest percentage of eyes with prediction errors within 0.50 diopters (D) (72% each) and significantly higher than Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, and SRK/T (P .001) Rates of predictability within 0.25 D and 1.00 D were 31% to 38% and 87% to 92% respectively, with no significant differences between formulas. No statistically significant difference was seen between formulas in the median absolute error. These tendencies remained consistent in both age groups when analyzed separately. Subgroup analysis showed better predictability of all formulas in the younger age group.  To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study evaluating the Kane formula exclusively in the elderly population. The Kane formula was found to be of equal accuracy to the BUII and superior to the Hoffer Q, Holladay 1, and SRK/T formulas. Very elderly patients might have reduced refractive precision using all formulas.
Microwave reduction of graphene oxide
Year: 2020

The reduction of Graphene Oxide (GO) has become the widely accepted route to obtain graphene like materials for bulk scale production. The commonly used methods of reduction include chemical and thermal routes. But these processes often demand the use of toxic chemicals or exposure to high temperatures for prolonged time that leads to a higher cost of production. In recent years, many non chemical reduction methods have garnered attention and microwave reduction has emerged as a suitable alternative due to its accelerated and volumetric heating approach. Graphene owing to the presence of p electrons in its structure is a good microwave absorber, but upon oxidation the oxygen functional groups on graphene make it insulating and unresponsive to microwaves. This paper reviews some non chemical reduction techniques, the mechanism of microwave heating and provides a comprehensive account of microwave reduction of GO organized in two main categories: (i) solid state microwave reduction and (ii) solvent assisted microwave reduction. Additionally, the methods to improve microwave reduction which also covers the concept of hybrid microwave heating are elucidated in detail. We believe that microwave reduction of GO has the potential for mass scale production of graphene based materials.
The effect of negative concord adverb in processing left clause boundary of Japanese complex sentences
Year: 2016

In the research field of sentence processing, many researchers have reported experimental results that support the hypothesis of incremental processing, even in a head final language like Japanese, similar to head initial languages like English. This study examined the effect of negative concord adverbs (NCAs) in temporarily locating the left clause boundaries of complex sentences. The experiment results showed that the sentence processor preferentially establishes the dependency between the negative concord adverb and negative suffix over the dependency between the argument and its predicate. Moreover, to construct the NCA suffix relationship, the sentence processor could discard the argument predicate relationship that has been established before, and could change the location of the left clause boundary. "Prediction" Reverses the Processing Difficulty of Subject and Object Relative Clauses