nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Gaze calibration for human android eye contact using a single camera
Venue: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)
Year: 2017

In the same way as between humans, eye contact between humans and robots (especially androids) is an important element in nonverbal communication. To achieve eye contact in androids, we need to control the android's gaze to follow the planned trajectory. To do this, we have to estimate the relationship between the gaze direction and the input values of the actuator controller in an android's eyes. We call this estimation gaze calibration. In this paper, we propose a gaze calibration method for an android using a single camera as the gaze direction target in order to accurately adjust the android's gaze. First, we estimate the android's gaze direction from the orientation of its head and the camera, only using the relationships between each coordinate system. Second, we create datasets to estimate the parameters of the modeled relationship. We also propose a method to evaluate the effectiveness of the gaze calibration method. For the evaluation, we compare the subjects' perception of the calibrated android's gaze with a human gaze. Experimental results with this evaluation method show that the gaze calibration method makes the android's eye contact similar to a human gaze control for most of the test cases.
The impact of family structure on Taiwanese adolescents' academic performance and deviant behavior
Year: 2011

Using data from four waves of the junior cohort of the Taiwan Educational Panel Survey (TEPS) this study employs the Latent Growth Model (LGM) to examine whether family structure impacts Taiwanese adolescents' academic performance and deviant behavior, focusing primarily on the effects of co residence with grandparents. Empirical evidence shows that in terms of academic performance, students benefit moderately from co residence with grandparents. On average, students with co resident grandparents achieve a higher level of academic performance on entry into junior high school. However, continuing to live with grandparents or experiencing transition into co residence with grandparents in later stages do not affect the growth rate of later academic performance. On the other hand, there is little evidence to suggest that co resident grandparents have any meaningful impact in reducing their grandchildren's deviant behavior.  latent growth model, academic performance, deviant behavior, family structure, co resident grandparents
Recurrent Neural Networks for Multimodal Time Series Big Data Analytics
Year: 2019

This chapter considers the challenges when using Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) for Big multimodal time series, forecasting where both the spatial and temporal information has to be used for accurate forecasting. Although RNN and its variations such as Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) and Simple Recurrent Unit (SRU) progressively improve the quality of training outcomes by implementing the network structures and optimisation techniques, one major limitation in such models is that most of them vectorise the input data and thus destroy a continuous spatial representation. We propose an approach termed the Tensorial Recurrent Neural Network (TRNNs) which addresses the problem on how to analyse the multimodal data as well as considers the relationship along with the time series, and shows that the TRNN outperforms other RNN models for image captioning applications.
Activite physique et prevention du diabete de type 2
Year: 2010

Le role de la sedentarite dans la survenue du diabete de type 2 est suggere depuis de nombreuses annees. Les cinq etudes prospectives interventionnelles actuellement disponibles ont confirme les etudes d'associations publiees au debut des annees 1990, et surtout le role majeur de l'activite physique dans la prevention du diabete de type 2 dans les populations a risque. Nous verrons que ces effets benefiques persistent longtemps apres la periode d'intervention. Les donnees issues des Indiens Pima vivant au Mexique, comparativement a ceux vivant aux Etats Unis (en Arizona) suggerent que l'activite physique est associee a une plus faible prevalence du diabete de type 2 chez des individus a forte predisposition genetique.
L'impact des pratiques industrielles contemporaines sur la confiance inter organisationnelle dans la sous traitance du luxe
Year: 2012

Les sous traitants de l'industrie du luxe subissent des mutations majeures avec une reorganisation capitalistique des marques et une mondialisation des activites. Cette evolution place la confiance au coeur des relations inter organisationnelles avec comme consequence essentielle pour les sous traitants de passer d'un savoir faire productif isole a un savoir faire conjointement toujours de production mais aussi de conception. Les marques ont optimise le developpement de leurs nouveaux produits de plus en plus complexes par une externalisation massive vers la sous traitance dans des chaines logistiques etendues, par une co conception evolutive et une modularisation des process de production. La co construction du projet qui s'auto ajuste en permanence sur des donnees immaterielles et sensorielles avec des savoirs tacites, informels et non codifies est permise par une concentration geographique et une proximite organisationnelle, propices aux interfaces actives. Le travail cooperatif en reseau est desormais institue chez les sous traitants qui s'organisent autour d'une firme pivot, noeud central du reseau, veritable entrepreneur social Ils deviennent complementaires pour se rendre indissociables. La mobilisation au sein d'un reseau constitue, mais sans acces formalise, autorise une adaptation et une reactivite affranchies avec des mecanismes de protection et de regulation formels en appui sur des institutionnels et une gouvernance appropriee, meme pour des demandes singulieres et originales.
Hubungan antara motivasi dengan pencapaian matematik dalam kalangan murid sekolah luar bandar
Year: 2020

Matematik merupakan matapelajaran yang kompleks yang menyebabkan murid tidak mempunyai minat dan motivasi untuk belajar matematik. Tahap penguasaan matematik yang lemah menyebabkan penglibatan murid dalam bidang STEM juga tidak begitu menggalakkan. Ini menyebabkan Malaysia sentiasa ketinggalan dalam sains dan matematik jika dibandingkan dengan negara negara maju yang lain. Oleh itu kajian ini dijalankan bagi mengukur peranan faktor bukan kognitif iaitu tahap motivasi dengan pencapaian matematik bagi murid luar bandar. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kuantitatif bentuk kajian tinjauan. Borang soal selidik yang digunakan sebagai instrumen kajian diedarkan kepada 138 orang responden dari tiga buah sekolah menengah luar bandar di kawasan Kuantan. Data dianalisis secara statistik deskriptif dan inferensi. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan tahap motivasi terhadap matematik murid luar bandar adalah sederhana dan tiada perbezaan yang signifikan antara murid lelaki dan perempuan. Analisis korelasi Pearson mendapati tahap motivasi terhadap matematik mempengaruhi tahap pencapaian matematik murid secara sederhana. Kajian lanjutan dicadangkan supaya menganalisis faktor faktor bukan kognitif selain dari motivasi yang dapat meningkatkan tahap pencapaian matematik murid sekolah luar bandar.  Mathematics is a complex subject that causes students to have no interest and motivation to learn mathematics. As a consequence of students' low mathematics achievement level, the number of students that enrolled in STEM field are also discouraging. Correspondingly, Malaysia is left behind in science and mathematics compared to other developed countries. Therefore this study is conducted to measure the roles of non cognitive factors that is motivation level with mathematics achievement of rural school students. The design of this qualitative study is survey. Data was collected through questionnaires that have been distributed to 138 respondents from three rural schools. Collected data then were analyzed with descriptive and inference statistics. The findings showed rural students' motivation level towards mathematics is moderate with no significance different between genders. Pearson correlation analysis found that motivation level towards mathematics moderately influences rural students' mathematics achievement. Further study is recommended to analyze non cognitives factors other than motivation to enhance rural school students' mathematics achievement level.  motivation towards mathematics, mathematics achievement, rural students, STEM
Hierarchical Density Estimates for Data Clustering, Visualization, and Outlier Detection
Venue: ACM Trans. Knowl. Discov. Data
Year: 2015

An integrated framework for density based cluster analysis, outlier detection, and data visualization is introduced in this article. The main module consists of an algorithm to compute hierarchical estimates of the level sets of a density, following Hartigan's classic model of density contour clusters and trees. Such an algorithm generalizes and improves existing density based clustering techniques with respect to different aspects. It provides as a result a complete clustering hierarchy composed of all possible density based clusters following the nonparametric model adopted, for an infinite range of density thresholds. The resulting hierarchy can be easily processed so as to provide multiple ways for data visualization and exploration. It can also be further postprocessed so that: (i) a normalized score of "outlierness" can be assigned to each data object, which unifies both the global and local perspectives of outliers into a single definition; and (ii) a "flat" (i.e. nonhierarchical) clustering solution composed of clusters extracted from local cuts through the cluster tree (possibly corresponding to different density thresholds) can be obtained, either in an unsupervised or in a semisupervised way. In the unsupervised scenario, the algorithm corresponding to this postprocessing module provides a global, optimal solution to the formal problem of maximizing the overall stability of the extracted clusters. If partially labeled objects or instance level constraints are provided by the user, the algorithm can solve the problem by considering both constraints violations/satisfactions and cluster stability criteria. An asymptotic complexity analysis, both in terms of running time and memory space, is described. Experiments are reported that involve a variety of synthetic and real datasets, including comparisons with state of the art, density based clustering and (global and local) outlier detection methods.
Online control of a mobility assistance Smart Walker
Venue: 2012 IEEE 2nd Portuguese Meeting in Bioengineering (ENBENG)
Year: 2012

This work presents the ASBGo Smart Walker, developed at Minho University with the Adaptive System Behavior Group. It includes the conceptual design, implementation and validation of a Smart Walker with a new interface approach integrated. It was addressed the assembly of the ASBGo with the required electronics, as well as the implementation of the interface based on a joystick. This sensor is intended to read the user's movement intentions to command the walker. Thus, preliminary sets of experiments were performed with 10 healthy volunteers walking with the device. This was followed by the signal processing and extensive analysis of the joystick signals, which showed the capability of the joystick to extract navigation commands from the user. Based on this real time identification of user's commands, an approach to the control architecture of the ASBGo was developed and it is based on a fuzzy logic algorithm that allowed the control of the walker's motors. A set of validation experiments were then performed. In addition, it was addressed the security of the user by adding a set of sensors to detect if the user falls.
Life Cycle Assessment applied to construction and demolition waste treatment: proposal of a Brazilian scenario
Venue: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Year: 2019

Important amounts of construction and demolition wastes (CDW) are currently generated in several countries. Considering the correct management of this kind of residue, and the search for its noblest use, several studies have focused on the environmental potential impacts from CDW management. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is often used to investigate the potential environmental impacts over the life cycle of a product, thus becoming an important tool to support decision making. CDW recycling process produces coarse, fine and mix aggregate as outputs, characterizing a multifunctional process. But, how CDW's LCA should be run, considering a circular and more sustainable built environment? Thus, the objective of this work is to explore the basic premises in proposing a product system for the CDW recycling process in Brazil. For this, data available in the literature on the recycling process in Brazil and in other countries support the definition of the product system. The complexity of this management option is explored, considering how the use of the recycled materials interfere in the scope, objective, unit function and other modelling choices, as well as reliability of CDW studies. Finally, the datasets provided by Ecoinvent are examined in order to promote debate on data adaptation, followed by remarks on the most appropriate choices on allocation in the CDW LCA. The cut off system modelling associated with the new perspective on the avoided burden approach is concluded by the authors to be the most suitable for this waste recycling multifunctional processes. Understanding system models is key. When no inventory adaptation is intended, available inventory datasets are more advisable to be used when performing end of life scenarios only, once burdens differ according to countries management scenarios, as well as life cycle inventory approaches.
Social Support and Health: A Review of Physiological Processes Potentially Underlying Links to Disease Outcomes
Venue: Journal of Behavioral Medicine
Year: 2006

Social support has been reliably related to lower rates of morbidity and mortality. An important issue concerns the physiological mechanisms by which support influences such health endpoints. In this review, I examine evidence linking social support to changes in cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, and immune function. Consistent with epidemiological evidence, social support appears to be related to more positive "biological profiles" across these disease relevant systems. Recent research on immune mediated inflammatory processes is also starting to provide data on more integrative physiological mechanisms potentially linking social support to health. The implications of these links, along with future research directions are discussed.
Comparison of AACSB Accounting Accredited and AACSB Business Accredited Institutions Using the CPA Examination as a Post Curriculum Assessment
Year: 2014

AACSB International is a leading accrediting organization for business schools that also provides separate accreditation for accounting programs. Using CPA Examination results from 2011 and 2012 as a post curriculum assessment, this study examined whether students who attended academic institutions that have separately AACSB accredited accounting programs performed better on the CPA Examination than students who attended AACSB accredited business schools that do not have separate accounting accreditation. Results indicate that CPA Exam candidates who have degrees from schools with separately AACSB accredited accounting programs achieve higher overall pass rates and higher average exam scores than CPA Exam candidates from AACSB accredited business schools that do not have separate accounting accreditation.
Potential impact of chemical stress on freshwater invertebrates: A sensitivity assessment on continental and national scale based on distribution patterns, biological traits, and relatedness.
Venue: The Science of the total environment
Year: 2020

Current chemical risk assessment approaches rely on a standard suite of test species to assess toxicity to environmental species. Assessment factors are used to extrapolate from single species to communities and ecosystem effects. This approach is pragmatic, but lacks resolution in biological and environmental parameters. Novel modelling approaches can help improve the biological resolution of assessments by using mechanistic information to identify priority species and priority regions that are potentially most impacted by chemical stressors. In this study we developed predictive sensitivity models by combining species specific information on acute chemical sensitivity (LC50 and EC50) traits, and taxonomic relatedness. These models were applied at two spatial scales to reveal spatial differences in the sensitivity of species assemblages towards two chemical modes of action (MOA) narcosis and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. We found that on a relative scale, 46% and 33% of European species were ranked as more sensitive towards narcosis and AChE inhibition, respectively. These more sensitive species were distributed with higher occurrences in the south and north eastern regions, reflecting known continental patterns of endemic macroinvertebrate biodiversity. We found contradicting sensitivity patterns depending on the MOA for UK scenarios, with more species displaying relative sensitivity to narcotic MOA in north and north western regions, and more species with relative sensitivity to AChE inhibition MOA in south and south western regions. Overall, we identified hotspots of species sensitive to chemical stressors at two spatial scales, and discuss data gaps and crucial technological advances required for the successful application of the proposed methodology to invertebrate scenarios, which remain underrepresented in global conservation priorities.
Negative learning bias is associated with risk aversion in a genetic animal model of depression
Venue: Front. Hum. Neurosci.
Year: 2014

The lateral habenula (LHb) is activated by aversive stimuli and the omission of reward, inhibited by rewarding stimuli and is hyperactive in helpless rats an animal model of depression. Here we test the hypothesis that congenital learned helpless (cLH) rats are more sensitive to decreases in reward size and/or less sensitive to increases in reward than wild type (WT) control rats. Consistent with the hypothesis, we found that cLH rats were slower to switch preference between two responses after a small upshift in reward size on one of the responses but faster to switch their preference after a small downshift in reward size. cLH rats were also more risk averse than WT rats they chose a response delivering a constant amount of reward "safe" response) more often than a response delivering a variable amount of reward "risky" response) compared to WT rats. Interestingly, the level of bias toward negative events was associated with the rat's level of risk aversion when compared across individual rats. cLH rats also showed impaired appetitive Pavlovian conditioning but more accurate responding in a two choice sensory discrimination task. These results are consistent with a negative learning bias and risk aversion in cLH rats, suggesting abnormal processing of rewarding and aversive events in the LHb of cLH rats.
Impact of nurses' cross cultural competence on nursing intellectual capital from a social cognitive theory perspective.
Venue: Journal of advanced nursing
Year: 2016

To understand the relationships among certain key factors such as organizational climate, self efficacy and outcome expectation on registered nurses, with regard to the development of registered nurses' cross cultural competence. The focus is specifically on the use of a social cognitive framework for nurses for providing intercultural nursing care to international patients. This study also aims to examine the relationship between nurses' cross cultural competence and nursing intellectual capital.  Given the influence of globalization on healthcare services, healthcare providers need to have enough cross cultural competence to effectively care for patients from different cultures. Thus, the development of cross cultural competence in nursing care has become an important issue.  A quantitative method and a cross sectional design were employed in this study.  Data were collected from 309 RN working in 16 healthcare institutions in Taiwan from May to August 2013. Structural equation modelling, in combination with the smart partial least squares method, was used to measure the relationships in the research model.  The results show that outcome expectation has a stronger impact on nurses' cross cultural competence than self efficacy. In addition, it was found that the cross cultural competence of nurses has a positive impact on nursing intellectual capital.  Nursing supervisors should promote a higher level of outcome expectation on nurses to enhance the improvement of their cross cultural competence. Raising the cross cultural competence of nurses will aid in the accumulation of nursing intellectual capital.
AhrC and Eep Are Biofilm Infection Associated Virulence Factors in Enterococcus faecalis
Venue: Infection and Immunity
Year: 2013

Enterococcus faecalis is part of the human intestinal microbiome and is a prominent cause of health care associated infections. The pathogenesis of many E. faecalis infections, including endocarditis and catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is related to the ability of clinical isolates to form biofilms. To identify chromosomal genetic determinants responsible for E. faecalis biofilm mediated infection, we used a rabbit model of endocarditis to test strains with transposon insertions or in frame deletions in biofilm associated loci: ahrC, argR, atlA, opuBC, pyrC, recN, and sepF. Only the ahrC mutant was significantly attenuated in endocarditis. We demonstrate that the transcriptional regulator AhrC and the protease Eep, which we showed previously to be an endocarditis virulence factor, are also required for full virulence in murine CAUTI. Therefore, AhrC and Eep can be classified as enterococcal biofilm associated virulence factors. Loss of ahrC caused defects in early attachment and accumulation of biofilm biomass. Characterization of ahrC transcription revealed that the temporal expression of this locus observed in wild type cells promotes initiation of early biofilm formation and the establishment of endocarditis. This is the first report of AhrC serving as a virulence factor in any bacterial species.
A new CPU cooler design based on an active cooling heatsink combined with heat pipes
Year: 2012

The performance of active CPU cooling heatsinks primarily depends on the forced air convection created by computer fans. Boosting the fan speed, however, results in noise, vibration problems, and increased power consumption. The active heatsink, therefore, should be optimized under the constraints of overall volume, cost, and noise level. In this paper, a new CPU cooler is proposed that provides a more efficient heat dissipation capacity from the CPU to a finned heatsink without adding more heat pipes at a low noise level of a small fan under the confined space constraints of a computer chassis. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were used to search for a proper cooling design. The simulation results were validated with corresponding physical experiments. The proposed CPU cooler has been shown to provide a total thermal resistance of 0.11 0.19 degC/W at a noise level of 21.5 36.3 dBA.