nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
La comparabilidad de la informacion financiera en Colombia tras su convergencia con los IFRS. El caso de las propiedades, planta y equipo de las empresas cotizantes
Year: 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of International Financial Reporting Standards (ifrs) in terms of the comparability of the financial information of companies listed on the Colombian Stock Exchange before (2011 and 2013) and after (2015 and 2017) the implementation of such standards. This work follows a methodology that addresses the annual financial statements of 65 companies, regarding policies, accounting treatments and disclosures of property, plant and equipment. In addition, Herfindahl indices are established in order to calculate the degree of material harmonization of these practices. This research found that, in the short term, there has been a significant increase in the disclosure of financial information under ifrs. However, there is still a lot of potential for improvement in aspects such as the presentation of the subsequent measurement by the revaluation model, depreciation methods, and the impairment of assets.
Cognition and Place
Year: 2013

Viewed through a bureaucratic prism, a mobile workforce is unwieldy, uncontrollable, and unproductive. Conversely, a central premise of mobility is precisely the opposite namely that bureaucracy is poorly suited to collaboration and engagement, much as its ethos of control runs counter to today's imperative of empowerment. An environment of heightened mobility and virtualization necessitates alterations to the intellectual, physical, and organizational dimensions of organizational activity for public servants working within the confines of government. Yet despite a growing online universe and widening virtualization, the importance of geographic proximity remains a central element of socioeconomic development and public sector organization. Such tensions between the traditional patterns of place (and the physicality of both organizational and jurisdictional governance models) and more virtual communications and interactivity are central to tensions between machinery and mobility.
Remote Viewing with and without controlled Out Of Body Consciousness
Year: 2020

Four participants, chosen for their experience in reaching an Out of Body state of consciousness via hypnotic induction, were asked to describe five different and unknown locations, at first using Remote Viewing conditions in an ordinary state of consciousness and then again using Remote Viewing in Out of Body state of consciousness. According to an assessment by two independent judges, the average percentages of information obtained in Remote Viewing were 55% for those correct and 35% for those wrong, while in Out of Body they were 54% and 35% respectively. The average percentage of identical information to both conditions was 14% Furthermore, three out of four participants obtained a higher percentage of correct answers and a lower percentage of incorrect answers in the OB RV condition. This study illustrates the possibility of also using Remote Viewing in an Out of Body state of consciousness that is induced and controlled via hypnosis to obtain accurate information about unknown locations in an unconventional way.
Research on the social perception of invasive species: a systematic literature review
Venue: NeoBiota
Year: 2019

We conducted a systematic literature review of the current state of research on the social perceptions of invasive species, aiming to provide guidance towards transdisciplinary research and participatory decision making. In order to detect patterns regarding publication trends and factors determining social perceptions of invasive species, we applied qualitative content as well as quantitative data analysis. By applying content analysis, we identified five main categories of influence on the perception of invasive species: ecological conditions, social conditions, values and beliefs, impacts, and benefits. The disciplinary focus of the research was predominantly interdisciplinary, followed by a social sciences approach. Our review revealed a disproportionate use of quantitative methods in research on social perceptions of invasive species, yet quantitative methods were less likely to identify benefits as factors determining the perception of invasive species. However, without the understanding of perceived benefits, researchers and managers lack the socio cultural context these species are embedded in. Our review also revealed the geographical, methodological and taxonomic bias of research on perceptions of invasive species. The majority of studies focused on the local public, whereas fewer than half of the studies focused on decision makers. Furthermore, our results showed differences in the social perceptions of invasive species among different stakeholder groups. Consensus over the definition and terminology of invasive species was lacking whereas differences in terminology were clearly value laden. In order to foster sustainable management of invasive species, research on social perceptions should focus on a transdisciplinary and transparent discourse about the inherent values of invasion science.
Targeting zinc metalloenzymes in coronavirus disease 2019
Venue: British journal of pharmacology
Year: 2020

Several lines of evidence support a link between the essential element zinc and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) An important fact is that zinc is present in proteins of humans and of viruses. Some zinc sites in viral enzymes may serve as drug targets and may liberate zinc ions, thus leading to changes in intracellular concentration of zinc ions, while increased intracellular zinc may induce biological effects in both the host and the virus. Drugs such as chloroquine may contribute to increased intracellular zinc. Moreover, clinical trials on the use of zinc alone or in addition to other drugs in the prophylaxis/treatment of COVID 19 are ongoing. Thereby, we aim to discuss the rationale for targeting zinc metalloenzymes as a new strategy for the treatment of COVID 19.
Making Evidence Based Psychotherapy More Accessible in Canada
Venue: Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie
Year: 2016

Psychological interventions are effective for many psychiatric disorders. In particular, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is rigorously evidence based. The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) depression guidelines state that CBT is as effective for mild and moderate depression as antidepressant medications, and combined psychopharmacology and CBT is superior to either modality alone. New research shows CBT can help cancer patients endure chemotherapy, assist the obese in weight management, and even help return patients with depression to full time employment. For major mental illnesses, CBT is very effective, with low numbers needed to treat (for generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] and depression: 2.3, 1.7, and 4.4, respectively) At the same time, it must be acknowledged that it is not the only effective from of psychotherapy and that there is emerging evidence of decreasing effectiveness in more recent compared to earlier studies. CBT and other evidence based psychotherapies require a major investment of resources and time. Thus, in public health care systems like Canada's, these psychotherapies have limited availability. In this journal, Dezetter et al. surveyed nearly 1300 attendees at Quebec primary care clinics, finding unmet mental health needs in 40% of participants, including psychotherapy (in part because of a perceived inability to pay) Hadjipavlou et al. surveyed British Columbia psychiatrists, finding confidence in their psychotherapy efficacy but few patients are served because of time constraints. Not surprisingly, then, the lack of access has promoted calls for change. In its 'Changing Directions,  The Mental Health Strategy for Canada, the Mental Health Commission of Canada focused on access, stating that 'services for which we know people are waiting too long, if they can get it at all, are psychotherapies and clinical counseling, recommending an 'increase to the availability and coordination of mental health services in the community. More recently, in a major report, Quebec's L'Institut National d'Excellence en Sante et en Services Sociaux (INESSS) which advises evidence based health policy in that province, called for greater access to psychotherapies for people with depression and anxiety. But how? In this article, which offers a perspective rather than a systematic review, we consider several options, including increasing the supply of psychiatrists and expanding the range of publicly funded services and providers. We also look abroad for answers, in particular to the United Kingdom and Australia, where recent efforts have increased access to evidence based therapies. This article will show that from Liverpool, England, to Liverpool, New South Wales these countries experiment with ideas that are relevant here in their applicability.
CT 152: Application of Web Scraping Techniques for Autonomous Massive Retrieval of Hematologic Patients' Information During SARS CoV2 Pandemic
Venue: Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma and Leukemia
Year: 2020

Data collection involving a large number of patients is usually known as a tedious and time consuming task by healthcare professionals. Current patient load makes collecting clinical data almost impossible even though we need that information more than ever.  We wanted to deploy a system that automatically and autonomously retrieves clinical data from our patients suffering from SARS CoV2 that arrive at hospital admission to collect that information for further analysis.  We designed a daemon in PHP programming language connected to a MySQL MariaDB database that continuously searches for new patients consulting at hospital. We collected medical history, disease records, regular medication, physical exploration, vital signs, blood chemistry and count, and finally, microbiology testing of SARS CoV2 (both PCR and ELISA antibody testing) As we don't have access to any API service (out of the box connection to the data mainframe) we took advantage of web scraping (brute force data extraction from webpages using HTTP protocol) applied to our hospital web interface.  Monitoring was made between 1st March, 2020 and 15th April, 2020 (during worst Coronavirus outbreak phase of the country) using only one computer connected to the hospital network. The number of patients identified was 259, each one with 344 clinical and testing variables.  Using this technique, we collected data of 259 hematologic patients without human intervention and more than 300 variables have been analyzed. Nowadays, manual revision of certain aspects of the database (e.g. comorbidities) is needed and some data needs to be manually entered due to the lack of proper codification. In the future, with the development of semantic matching technologies, fully autonomous building of the databases will be possible. In the meantime, our technique can solve the capture of enormous amount of clinical information without effort. With that information, observational studies, even a prognosis score using machine learning, have been developed in our center.  Data collection for further analysis is usually a vital, but time consuming, task in order to answer clinical questions. We developed a technique that helped our center retrieve patients' clinical information autonomously during the SARS Cov 2 pandemic.
Quantum Chemical Approaches in Structure Based Virtual Screening and Lead Optimization
Venue: Front. Chem.
Year: 2018

Today computational chemistry is a consolidated tool in drug lead discovery endeavors. Due to methodological developments and to the enormous advance in computer hardware, methods based on quantum mechanics (QM) have gained great attention in the last 10 years, and calculations on biomacromolecules are becoming increasingly explored, aiming to provide better accuracy in the description of protein ligand interactions and the prediction of binding affinities. In principle, the QM formulation includes all contributions to the energy, accounting for terms usually missing in molecular mechanics force fields, such as electronic polarization effects, metal coordination, and covalent binding; moreover, QM methods are systematically improvable, and provide a greater degree of transferability. In this mini review we present recent applications of explicit QM based methods in small molecule docking and scoring, and in the calculation of binding free energy in protein ligand systems. Although the routine use of QM based approaches in an industrial drug lead discovery setting remains a formidable challenging task, it is likely they will increasingly become active players within the drug discovery pipeline.
A Y chromosome shredding gene drive for controlling pest vertebrate populations
Venue: eLife
Year: 2019

Self replicating gene drives that modify sex ratios or infer a fitness cost could be used to control populations of invasive alien species. The targeted deletion of Y sex chromosomes using CRISPR technology offers a new approach for sex bias that could be incorporated within gene drive designs. We introduce a novel gene drive strategy termed Y CHromosome deletion using Orthogonal Programmable Endonucleases (Y CHOPE) incorporating a programmable endonuclease that 'shreds' the Y chromosome, thereby converting XY males into fertile XO females. Firstly, we demonstrate that the CRISPR/Cas12a system can eliminate the Y chromosome in embryonic stem cells with high efficiency (c. 90% Next, using stochastic, individual based models of a pest mouse population, we show that a Y shredding drive that progressively depletes the pool of XY males could effect population eradication through mate limitation. Our molecular and modeling data suggest that a Y CHOPE gene drive could be a viable tool for vertebrate pest control.
Progress Toward Development of Effective and Safe African Swine Fever Virus Vaccines
Venue: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
Year: 2020

African swine fever is a major concern due to its negative impact on pork production in affected regions. Due to lack of treatment and a safe vaccine, it has been extremely difficult to control this devastating disease. The mechanisms of virus entry, replication within the host cells, immune evasion mechanisms, correlates of protection, and antigens that are effective at inducing host immune response, are now gradually being identified. This information is required for rational design of novel disease control strategies. Pigs which recover from infection with less virulent ASFV isolates can be protected from challenge with related virulent isolates. This strongly indicates that an effective vaccine against ASFV could be developed. Nonetheless, it is clear that effective immunity depends on both antibody and cellular immune responses. This review paper summarizes the key studies that have evaluated three major approaches for development of African Swine Fever virus vaccines. Recent immunization strategies have involved development and in vivo evaluation of live attenuated virus, and recombinant protein and DNA based and virus vectored subunit vaccine candidates. The limitations of challenge models for evaluating ASFV vaccine candidates are also discussed.
A Survey of Automatic MRI based Brain Tumor Segmentation Techniques
Venue: 2018 3rd International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies (ICICT)
Year: 2018

In medical field, image processing plays an important role to diagnose tumor. Medical imaging is a growing and challenging field. Many people suffer from brain tumor; it is a very serious and risky disease. Brain tumor is an irregular enlargement of cells reproducing by itself in an uncontrolled way. Early analysis of brain tumors assumes a vital part in enhancing treatment potential outcomes and builds the survival rate of the patients. Brain tumor recognition form Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) comprises of various stages. MRI is superior medical imaging methods offering precious information about the human beings tissue. Brain tumor segmentation from MRI information, intends toward isolate the distinctive tumor tissues such as edema from common brain tissues consists of Gray Matter (GM) White Matter (WM) and Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) active cells, necrotic center. The intention of this paper presents survey of various brain tumor detection and segmentation on MRI.
Introduction: Szczeklik's contributions to our understanding of aspirin, NSAIDs, asthma, and allergy.
Venue: Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
Year: 2013

Andrew Szczeklik was born in 1938 and died on Feb 3rd, 2012. He was the most influential expert in the field of aspirin and NSAID sensitivity reactions and associated diseases in the world. This edition of NACAI is dedicated to Andrew. In the introductory chapter, we elected to highlight his accomplishments as reflected in his publications. Andrew published at least 503 articles including many invited review articles. We present 20 of his most important publications all of which contributed significantly to our understanding of these diseases.
Generative Adversarial Active Learning for Unsupervised Outlier Detection
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
Year: 2020

Outlier detection is an important topic in machine learning and has been used in a wide range of applications. In this paper, we approach outlier detection as a binary classification issue by sampling potential outliers from a uniform reference distribution. However, due to the sparsity of data in high dimensional space, a limited number of potential outliers may fail to provide sufficient information to assist the classifier in describing a boundary that can separate outliers from normal data effectively. To address this, we propose a novel Single Objective Generative Adversarial Active Learning (SO GAAL) method for outlier detection, which can directly generate informative potential outliers based on the mini max game between a generator and a discriminator. Moreover, to prevent the generator from falling into the mode collapsing problem, the stop node of training should be determined when SO GAAL is able to provide sufficient information. But without any prior information, it is extremely difficult for SO GAAL. Therefore, we expand the network structure of SO GAAL from a single generator to multiple generators with different objectives (MO GAAL) which can generate a reasonable reference distribution for the whole dataset. We empirically compare the proposed approach with several state of the art outlier detection methods on both synthetic and real world datasets. The results show that MO GAAL outperforms its competitors in the majority of cases, especially for datasets with various cluster types or high irrelevant variable ratio. The experiment codes are available at: https:/github.com/leibinghe/GAAL based outlier detection.
FEM analyses of the ITER EC H&CD torus diamond window unit towards the prototyping activity
Year: 2020

The chemical vapour deposition (CVD) diamond torus window unit is a sub component of the ITER Electron Cyclotron Heating and Current Drive (EC H&CD) system used for a diverse range of applications including plasma heating and control of plasma magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities. It consists of an ultra low loss polycrystalline diamond disk brazed to copper cuffs and then enclosed by a metallic structure. The diamond disk with 1.11 mm thickness already passed successfully the ITER final design review (FDR) in 2018. In view of the complete window assembly FDR, prototyping activities of the window are essential and, therefore, they shall start soon in order to check the feasibility of the proposed manufacturing and assembling sequence of the component. In this perspective, as the design of the systems surrounding the window is currently in development phase, the paper describes the finite element method (FEM) analyses of the window to carry out with the aim to prove the soundness of the design used for the prototyping and also to define requirements for the surrounding systems. Specific methodologies are adopted such as the limit analysis approach for the external loads acting on the window unit. Several combinations of forces and moments are applied to the window unit to find the maximum loads, i.e. the limits loads, which generate stresses in the unit equal to the allowable ones, according to the selected design criteria.
Prevalence of Rh, Duffy, Kell, Kidd MNSs blood group antigens in the Indian blood donor population
Venue: The Indian journal of medical research
Year: 2013

Little data are available regarding the frequencies of the blood group antigens other than ABO and RhD in the Indian population. Knowledge of the antigen frequencies is important to assess risk of antibody formation and to guide the probability of finding antigen negative donor blood, which is especially useful when blood is required for a patient who has multiple red cell alloantibodies. This study was carried out to determine the frequencies of the D, C, c, E, e, K, k, Fya, Fyb, Jka, Jkb, M, N, S and s antigens in over 3,000 blood donors.  Samples from randomly selected blood donors from Delhi and nearby areas (both voluntary and replacement) were collected for extended antigen typing during the period January 2009 to January 2010. Antigens were typed via automated testing on the Galileo instrument using commercial antisera.  A total of 3073 blood samples from donors were phenotyped. The prevalence of these antigens was found to be as follows in D: 93.6 98, K: 3.5, k: 99.97, Fya: 87.4,   This study found the prevalence of the typed antigens among Indian blood donors to be statistically different to those in the Caucasian, Black and Chinese populations, but more similar to Caucasians than to the other racial groups.
How does the Public Attitude Towards Advertising Controversial Products Advertising Ethics?
Year: 2020

The aim of this paper is to determine attitudes towards the advertistment of certain controversial products and the reasons for being offensive among Indonessian peoples in Yogyakarta. This research method was qualitative, achieved by analyzing the responses of informans by depth interview method. The results indicated that peoples refused advertistment openly broadcasted of certain controversial products, such contraception, underwear, alcohol, and others. For cigarette, there were two responses most of them received cigarette advertisment and the other disagree. Advertisment should obeyying advertisment ethics and goverment should regulating advertisment for controversial products, especially when the advertisment contradictory with religions, values and social norms in muslims countries. The implication of this research for those involved in marketing, it is important that they are aware of possible cultural and religion sensitivities when entering a market or undertaking a standardized mass media campaign across a region. Limitation of this reserach were few informans, further research can be suggested to conduct future study by taking more respondent and using quantitative method.