nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Long term stability of conservative orthodontic treatment in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and severe condylar resorption.
Venue: American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
Year: 2012

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory condition that can result in progressive destruction of the articular surfaces of the joints, including the temporomandibular joint. The purpose of this article is to report the conservative correction of a Class II malocclusion in a woman with rheumatoid arthritis. The patient was 32 years 6 months old at the start of treatment. She had a convex profile and a skeletal Class II jaw base relationship caused by severe condylar resorption. An anterior open bite of 2.0 mm and an excessive overjet of 10.0 mm were observed. Severe crowding was shown in the mandibular incisors. After 8 months of splint therapy, all first premolars were extracted, and 0.018 in preadjusted edgewise appliances were placed in both arches. Class II elastics were used during space closure. After 41 months of active orthodontic treatment, an acceptable occlusion was achieved, and the facial profile was considerably improved. From the cephalometric evaluations, the mandible was rotated counterclockwise, and the mandibular plane angle was significantly decreased. However, the anteroposterior position of the chin was not changed. The condylar resorption was not changed during and after orthodontic treatment. Conclusively, the proper facial profile was maintained, and the occlusion was stable after a 5 year retention period. Our results suggest the possibility of compromised treatment in a Class II malocclusion with an anterior open bite because of rheumatoid arthritis.
The best power supply capability evaluation of the active distribution system considering the interruption cost
Venue: 2020 IEEE Sustainable Power and Energy Conference (iSPEC)
Year: 2020

Traditional methods for evaluating the power supply capability of distribution networks is carried out for the whole system during the peak load periods based on the N 1 criterion. However, the problem of excessive margin is easy to occur, and these methods are difficult to consider the influence of distributed generation (DG) Therefore, this paper takes reliability as a constraint, and proposes an evaluation method for the best power supply capacity of active distribution system considering the interruption cost. This paper is aimed at a two stage medium voltage power distribution system with a main transformer considering the access of DG, aiming to optimize the integral economy cost with the factors considering the network construction cost and the interruption cost. It built a mathematical model for evaluating the best power supply capacity, and proposed an optimization method based on the sequential Monte Carlo simulation method and genetic algorithm. Also, it finds the best power supply capacity that harmonizes the reliability and economy with actual cases and different boundary conditions such as the land occupation cost and the interruption cost. The case study illustrates that it can improve the economic efficiency of distribution networks, exploiting their supply potentiality.
Internet access for disabled people: Understanding socio relational factors in Europe
Year: 2017

Access to the Internet has become a sine qua non of everyday life. It also offers new routes to economic and social inclusion for disabled people. Research on the digital divide shows that social factors affect Internet access but disability status is often overlooked. This paper assesses the extent to which disability makes a difference and how it interacts with other social effects to produce distinctive forms of digital exclusion. The analysis uses survey data from 27 European countries to explore and model, statistically, the interactions between Internet access, disability status, age, gender, education, household financial situation and household composition. Multilevel analysis confirms that socio demographic factors can explain much variance in outcomes but there is a distinctive disability effect. In particular, the adverse effects of financial constraint, aging and living alone are exacerbated among disabled people. New policies to strengthen e accessibility, arising from the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and from the European Union, are important but cannot ignore those who are still excluded from the online revolution. Disabled people are over represented in this group. The evidence suggests that both accessible technologies and appropriate supportive relationships are needed to address this.
TRPM2 Ion Channels Regulate Macrophage Polarization and Gastric Inflammation During Helicobacter pylori Infection
Venue: Mucosal Immunology
Year: 2017

Calcium signaling in phagocytes is essential for cellular activation, migration, and the potential resolution of infection or inflammation. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via activation of NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase activity in macrophages has been linked to altered intracellular calcium concentrations. Because of its role as an oxidative stress sensor in phagocytes, we investigated the function of the cation channel transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) in macrophages during oxidative stress responses induced by Helicobacter pylori infection. We show that Trpm2 mice, when chronically infected with H. pylori, exhibit increased gastric inflammation and decreased bacterial colonization compared with wild type (WT) mice. The absence of TRPM2 triggers greater macrophage production of inflammatory mediators and promotes classically activated macrophage M1 polarization in response to H. pylori. TRPM2 deficient macrophages upon H. pylori stimulation are unable to control intracellular calcium levels, which results in calcium overloading. Furthermore, increased intracellular calcium in TRPM2 macrophages enhanced mitogen activated protein kinase and NADPH oxidase activities, compared with WT macrophages. Our data suggest that augmented production of ROS and inflammatory cytokines with TRPM2 deletion regulates oxidative stress in macrophages and consequently decreases H. pylori gastric colonization while increasing inflammation in the gastric mucosa.
Topological data analysis and machine learning for recognizing atmospheric river patterns in large climate datasets
Venue: Geoscientific Model Development
Year: 2019

Identifying weather patterns that frequently lead to extreme weather events is a crucial first step in understanding how they may vary under different climate change scenarios. Here, we propose an automated method for recognizing atmospheric rivers (ARs) in climate data using topological data analysis and machine learning. The method provides useful information about topological features (shape characteristics) and statistics of ARs. We illustrate this method by applying it to outputs of version 5.1 of the Community Atmosphere Model version 5.1 (CAM5.1) and the reanalysis product of the second Modern Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA 2) An advantage of the proposed method is that it is threshold free there is no need to determine any threshold criteria for the detection method when the spatial resolution of the climate model changes. Hence, this method may be useful in evaluating model biases in calculating AR statistics. Further, the method can be applied to different climate scenarios without tuning since it does not rely on threshold conditions. We show that the method is suitable for rapidly analyzing large amounts of climate model and reanalysis output data.
Variations in pedestrian mean radiant temperature based on the spacing and size of street trees
Venue: Sustainable Cities and Society
Year: 2019

There has been no study on the impacts of street tree interval on the street level radiant environment, although it has been a key factor in the design of thermally comfortable streets. In this study, the variation in pedestrian mean radiant temperature (MRT) is investigated as a function of the tree interval using a newly developed multilayer MRT model. Tree size and street size are considered in the model experiments. The results show that MRT was most effectively reduced by large trees, indicating that they may be planted at wider intervals compared to smaller trees to achieve comparable MRT reductions. Furthermore, as the tree interval decreases, MRT reduction was increased exponentially by small trees, while MRT reduction was increased linearly by large trees. Therefore, urban planners can reduce pedestrian exposure to radiation by planting either larger trees or closely spaced smaller trees. These results provide insight into optimal configurations of street trees for maximum reduction of MRT in a variety of urban canyon configurations.
High indoor CO2 concentrations in an office environment increases the transcutaneous CO2 level and sleepiness during cognitive work
Venue: Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene
Year: 2016

The purpose of this study is to perform a multiparametric analysis on the environmental factors, the physiological stress reactions in the body, the measured alertness, and the subjective symptoms during simulated office work. Volunteer male subjects were monitored during three 4 hr work meetings in an office room, both in a ventilated and a non ventilated environment. The environmental parameters measured included CO2, temperature, and relative humidity. The physiological test battery consisted of measuring autonomic nervous system functions, salivary stress hormones, blood's CO2 content and oxygen saturation, skin temperatures, thermal sensations, vigilance, and sleepiness. The study shows that we can see physiological changes caused by high CO2 concentration. The findings support the view that low or moderate level increases in concentration of CO2 in indoor air might cause elevation in the blood's transcutaneously assessed CO2. The observed findings are higher CO2 concentrations in tissues, changes in heart rate variation, and an increase of peripheral blood circulation during exposure to elevated CO2 concentration. The subjective parameters and symptoms support the physiological findings. This study shows that a high concentration of CO2 in indoor air seem to be one parameter causing physiological effects, which can decrease the facility user's functional ability. The correct amount of ventilation with relation to the number of people using the facility, functional air distribution, and regular breaks can counteract the decrease in functional ability. The findings of the study suggest that merely increasing ventilation is not necessarily a rational solution from a technical economical viewpoint. Instead or in addition, more comprehensive, anthropocentric planning of space is needed as well as instructions and new kinds of reference values for the design and realization of office environments.
The Mobile CubeSat Command and Control (MC3) Ground Station Network: An Overview and Look Ahead
Year: 2019

The Mobile CubeSat Command and Control (MC3) ground station network is a Department of Defense (DoD) led effort to build common use infrastructure supporting communications and mission operations of small satellites for a wide range of US government organizations, contractors, universities, and foreign partners. The network consists of low cost ground station terminals fielded at participating institutions, providing operators bent pipe access to their satellites from any location with an internet connection. MC3 currently consists of eight active stations, and three international collaborators. One of the most important aspects of the ground station network has been the diverse community of small satellite users that have come together to share capabilities of mutual interest. This paper describes the MC3 network and presents an overview of cost effective future capabilities that will benefit researchers flying experiments on small satellites. Key capabilities include the Satellite Agile Transmit and Receive Network (SATRN) software, flexible software defined radio architectures, fast track radio licensing, expanded frequency support, and integration into secure cloud based infrastructure. The paper also highlights some of the research undertaken at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) which utilizes the MC3 network and the satellites it operates as a testbed for advanced concepts. Research topics include optimization of constellation operations, predictive modeling of pass quality, and representative communications experiments flown on high altitude balloons and high power rockets.
A collaborative filtering based approach to biomedical knowledge discovery
Venue: Bioinform.
Year: 2018

The increase in publication rates makes it challenging for an individual researcher to stay abreast of all relevant research in order to find novel research hypotheses. Literature based discovery methods make use of knowledge graphs built using text mining and can infer future associations between biomedical concepts that will likely occur in new publications. These predictions are a valuable resource for researchers to explore a research topic. Current methods for prediction are based on the local structure of the knowledge graph. A method that uses global knowledge from across the knowledge graph needs to be developed in order to make knowledge discovery a frequently used tool by researchers.  We propose an approach based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) that is able to combine data from across the knowledge graph through a reduced representation. Using cooccurrence data extracted from published literature, we show that SVD performs better than the leading methods for scoring discoveries. We also show the diminishing predictive power of knowledge discovery as we compare our predictions with real associations that appear further into the future. Finally, we examine the strengths and weaknesses of the SVD approach against another well performing system using several predicted associations. Availability and implementation All code and results files for this analysis can be accessed at https:/github.com/jakelever/knowledgediscovery. Contact sjones@bcgsc.ca. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Large scale relation extraction from web documents and knowledge graphs with human in the loop
Venue: J. Web Semant.
Year: 2020

The Semantic Web movement has produced a wealth of curated collections of entities and facts, often referred as Knowledge Graphs. Creating and maintaining such Knowledge Graphs is far from being a solved problem: it is crucial to constantly extract new information from the vast amount of heterogeneous sources of data on the Web. In this work we address the task of Knowledge Graph population. Specifically, given any target relation between two entities, we propose an approach to extract positive instances of the relation from various Web sources. Our relation extraction approach introduces a human in the loop component in the extraction pipeline, which delivers significant advantage with respect to other solely automatic approaches. We test our solution on the ISWC 2018 Semantic Web Challenge, with the objective to identify supply chain relations among organizations in the Thomson Reuters Knowledge Graph. Our human in the loop extraction pipeline achieves top performance among all competing systems.
Reliable Supply Chain Network Design and Fortification. A Case Study on Luxury Fashion Retail in Thailand
Venue: 2020 IEEE 7th International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications (ICIEA)
Year: 2020

As a result of changing weather conditions and unpredictable natural disasters, many supply chains in Asia face frequent disruptions. This paper presents a scenario based optimization model applied to the luxury fashion retail industry of Thailand. In this model, the limited fortification budget available enables the fortification of warehouse facilities built in candidate locations, while maintaining inventory and efficient transportation across facilities in order to serve the demand at retailers. The fortification budget protects the supply chain and allows it to be more reliable even under the disruptive influence of flooding. The computational results imply that increments in fortification budget can reduce the overall costs of the supply chain in different quantities, resulting different impacts. Also the analysis of all possible scenarios when making supply chain decisions, makes the supply chain network operations more profitable and less risky.
Decentralisation and the Evolution of Common Law
Year: 2015

This paper is aimed at highlighting how common law has evolved over the centuries, namely through the flexibility accorded to judicial precedents, as well as through the evolutionary nature evidenced in the processes and rules applied in statutory interpretation. In addition to illustrating how informational asymmetries can be mitigated through de centralisation, facilitated with courts employing the use of non legal agents such as expert witnesses as evidenced in the Daubert case. Pepper v. Hart also illustrates how common law has evolved through the scope and permissibility of aids to statutory interpretation. Whilst financial markets and changes in the environment impact legislators, and whilst it is widely accepted that legislation constitutes the supreme form of law, the necessity for judges to introduce a certain level of flexibility will also contribute towards ensuring that legitimate expectations of involved parties are achieved particularly where the construction of the words within a statute gives rise to considerable ambiguity. By way of reference to landmark rulings in the United States, cases such as Daubert and The Estate of Edgar A. Berg v. Commissioner, this paper also aims to illustrate the vital role increasingly assumed by non legal actors, and why this approach should constitute a trend to be adopted in European common and civil law jurisdictions. This being the case given the failures and flaws of references to Parliamentary material and whether these should be permitted as an aid to the construction of legislation which is ambiguous or obscure, as illustrated in the case of Pepper v. Hart.
Landfill leachate and industrial effluent treatment using advanced evaporation technology
Venue: Linnaeus Eco Tech
Year: 2019

Evaporation is one of the most efficient methods for separation of dissolved solids and water. Using evaporation, high quality, recyclable or dischargeable water can be produced. An advanced evaporation technology for industrial effluent and landfill leachate treatment has been developed. Construction material of the evaporative heat transfer surface is the key difference to conventional systems: thin, corrosion resistant and elastic polymeric film is used instead of rigid metals. The cost of the polymeric surface is low, decreasing the high costs that are associated with conventional evaporators. Thus, evaporation is now a feasible alternative in a number of effluent treatment applications. The technology applies Mechanical Vapor Recompression (MVR) concept using electrical energy or Multi Effect (ME) concept utilizing waste heat as energy source. In both concepts the evaporative surface areas are larger than in conventional systems. As a result of the large surface electrical energy consumption is low in the MVR type evaporators, typically 8 12 kWh/m3 of recovered water; in ME type evaporators the large area enables the utilization of low value waste heat in an efficient way.
Anti Epcam Aptamer (Syl3c) Functionalized Liposome for Targeted Delivery Of Doxorubicin: In Vitro And In Vivo Antitumor Studies in Mice Bearing C26 Colon Carcinoma
Venue: Nanoscale Research Letters
Year: 2020

In this study, we have surface functionalized PEGylated nanoliposomal doxorubicin (DOX) with anti EpCAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule) aptamer via post insertion of anti EpCAM aptamer conjugated DSPE mPEG 2000 into Caelyx(r) (ED lip) The size, charge, release profile, and cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of formulation were determined. The characterization of the ED lip demonstrated the slightly increase in size and PDI along with the decrease in zeta potential which indicated that post insertion efficiently done. The results of flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy have shown that ED lip enhanced the rate of cell uptake on C26 cell line compared to Caelyx(r) The ED lip also had more cytotoxic effects than Caelyx(r) which indicated the efficacy of anti EpCAM aptamer as targeting ligand. The pharmacokinetic and tissue biodistribution of formulations in mice bearing C26 tumors demonstrated that ED lip did not affect the distribution profile of DOX compared to Caelyx(r) in animal model. In addition, ED lip effectively improved the tumor accumulation of DOX and promoted survival of animals compared to Caelyx(r) These results suggest that the functionalization of Caelyx(r) with anti EpCAM aptamer is promising in cancer treatment and merits further investigation.
Toward Validation of Textual Information Retrieval Techniques for Software Weaknesses
Venue: DEXA Workshops
Year: 2018

This paper presents a preliminary validation of common textual information retrieval techniques for mapping unstructured software vulnerability information to distinct software weaknesses. The validation is carried out with a dataset compiled from four software repositories tracked in the Snyk vulnerability database. According to the results, the information retrieval techniques used perform unsatisfactorily compared to regular expression searches. Although the results vary from a repository to another, the preliminary validation presented indicates that explicit referencing of vulnerability and weakness identifiers is preferable for concrete vulnerability tracking. Such referencing allows the use of keyword based searches, which currently seem to yield more consistent results compared to information retrieval techniques. Further validation work is required for improving the precision of the techniques, however.
Changing Trends in Stomach Cancer Throughout the World
Venue: Current Gastroenterology Reports
Year: 2017

paper aims to discuss the global trends in gastric cancer incidence in relation to important factors involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.Recent FindingsDespite a significant worldwide decline, gastric cancer remains a common cause of cancer death. The decline has been multifactorial and preceded the fall in Helicobacter pylori prevalence. The initial decline was associated with changes in food preservation and availability, especially of fresh fruits and vegetables, followed by a decline in the primary etiologic factor, H. pylori. Gastric cancer incidence remains high in East Asia, intermediate in Latin America, and low in developed countries. Significant racial/ethnic variability exists.SummaryThe rapid decline in incidence in East Asia will continue as primary and secondary prevention strategies are implemented. The incidence in Latin America is unlikely to decline significantly over the next few decades given high H. pylori prevalence in the young. Ultimately, global H. pylori eradication will be needed to largely eliminate gastric cancer.