nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Adults' sedentary behavior determinants and interventions.
Venue: American journal of preventive medicine
Year: 2011

Research is now required on factors influencing adults' sedentary behaviors, and effective approaches to behavioral change intervention must be identified. The strategies for influencing sedentary behavior will need to be informed by evidence on the most important modifiable behavioral determinants. However, much of the available evidence relevant to understanding the determinants of sedentary behaviors is from cross sectional studies, which are limited in that they identify only behavioral "correlates." As is the case for physical activity, a behavior and context specific approach is needed to understand the multiple determinants operating in the different settings within which these behaviors are most prevalent. To this end, an ecologic model of sedentary behaviors is described, highlighting the behavior settings construct. The behaviors and contexts of primary concern are TV viewing and other screen focused behaviors in domestic environments, prolonged sitting in the workplace, and time spent sitting in automobiles. Research is needed to clarify the multiple levels of determinants of prolonged sitting time, which are likely to operate in distinct ways in these different contexts. Controlled trials on the feasibility and efficacy of interventions to reduce and break up sedentary behaviors among adults in domestic, workplace, and transportation environments are particularly required. It would be informative for the field to have evidence on the outcomes of "natural experiments," such as the introduction of nonseated working options in occupational environments or new transportation infrastructure in communities.
Low complexity LED grouping based precoding aided spatial modulation for highly correlated large scale MIMO VLC channels
Venue: IET Commun.
Year: 2019

In this study, the authors propose a new precoding aided spatial modulation (SM) to improve the transmission performance over significantly high correlated indoor multi input multi output visible light communication (MIMO VLC) channels. Especially, their precoder design relies on the fixed sized light emitting diode (LED) grouping and transmit beamforming, which plays an important role in enhancing the system performance. First, they propose an approximate discrete input continuous output memoryless channel capacity based precoder design, which offers better performance at the cost of high computational complexity. As far as large scale MIMO VLC schemes are considered, the proposed precoder design presents to be impractical. Therefore, they develop a spatial correlation measure based fast LED grouping algorithm to construct the precoder for large scale MIMO VLC systems. Their simulation results show that the proposed precoding aided SM scheme can outperform the precoding aided spatial multiplexing over significantly high correlated large scale MIMO VLC channels when the proposed fast LED grouping is performed, whereas the latter scheme can perform better than their proposed scheme for less correlated channels.
Origin and chronology of the Augias deposit in the Ionian Sea (Central Mediterranean Sea) based on new regional sedimentological data
Year: 2017

In the Ionian Sea (Central Mediterranean Sea) several thick acoustically transparent layers are present including the Augias deposit. The Augias deposit is the most recent, thick layer covering the entire floor of the Ionian Abyssal Plain with an average thickness of 10 12 m and a maximum thickness of up to 24 m in the Sirte Abyssal Plain. This deposit has also been observed in several adjacent smaller basins in waters deeper than 3000 m. Its estimated volume is 65 km 3 There are multiple plausible hypotheses regarding its age and triggering event, which include the 1600 BC Santorini volcanic caldera collapse, the 365 AD Crete M 8.5 earthquake and other smaller earthquakes such as the 374 AD Calabria M 6.3 earthquake and the 361 AD Sicily M 6.6 earthquake. Understanding the cause of this mass transport deposit is crucial for improving the natural hazard assessment of a vast area between southern Italy and western Greece. In this study, we propose a new interpretation of the Augias deposit in terms of sedimentary processes and origin, based on sediment cores collected in the NW Ionian Sea during the CIRCEE cruise onboard R/V Le Suroit in October 2013. The sedimentological analysis of seven piston cores reveals three sedimentary facies corresponding to the Augias deposit: 1) "homogenite" 2) "megaturbidite" and 3) "thick sandy turbidite" These sedimentary facies are distributed within specific morpho tectonic regions as defined by newly acquired bathymetric data, indicating a strong control by transport and depositional processes. Sixteen radiocarbon dates obtained above and below the Augias deposit indicate a possible time window of about 500 years. This means that we cannot definitively prove a link to the 365 AD Crete earthquake, but we regard it as the most likely trigger. Other depositional models may be plausible, but here we propose a sequence of events as follows: (1) earthquake shock and possible triggering of submarine mass flow in the eastern part of the Ionian Sea (western Hellenic subduction zone) (2) tsunami waves amplified by the confined morphology of the Sicily and Calabria continental shelves inducing an intense re suspension of fine grained sediment and massive destabilization at the heads of submarine canyons triggering turbidity currents; (3) gravity driven downslope transport of suspended sediment toward the deep basin and decantation; and (4) a final stage of decantation from seiche waves forming the majority of the homogenite facies in the Ionian Abyssal Plain.
Validation and characterization of a QTL for adult plant resistance to stripe rust on wheat chromosome arm 6BS (Yr78)
Venue: Theoretical and Applied Genetics
Year: 2017

study validated one QTL for adult plant resistance to stripe rust, identified donor lines of the resistance allele, and demonstrated that it is different from previously namedYrgenes.AbstractThe spread of more virulent and aggressive races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst, causal pathogen of stripe rust) after the year 2000 has caused substantial yield losses worldwide. To find new sources of resistance, we previously performed a genome wide association study and identified a strong QTL for adult plant resistance on the short arm of chromosome 6B (QYr.ucw 6B) In this study, we validated QYr.ucw 6B in ten biparental populations, and mapped it 0.6 cM proximal to IWA7257 and 3.9 cM distal to IWA4408. We showed that QYr.ucw 6B is located approximately 15 cM proximal to the all stage resistance gene Yr35 and that none of the resistant lines carries the previously cloned Yr36 gene. Based on these results, QYr.ucw 6B was assigned the name Yr78. This gene was not effective against Pst at the seedling stage, suggesting that it is an adult plant resistance gene. Yr78 has been effective against Pst races present in field experiments performed in the Western USA between 2011 and 2016. Since this gene is predicted to be present at low frequency in wheat germplasm from this region, it can provide a useful tool to diversify the sources of resistance against this devastating pathogen.
High critical currents and flux creep effects in e gun deposited epitaxially 00L oriented superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 d films
Year: 2008

Thin films of YBa2Cu3O7 d have been made by codeposition of Cu, Y and BaF2 in a UHV system. Annealing in humid oxygen at 835 degC produces high quality single phase preferentially c oriented films. In 1000 A thin films the transport current density is larger than 106 A/cm2 at 86 K. Even 500 A films prove to be superconducting above 77 K. Extrapolation to zero field of the magnetization data obtained from torque experiments are consistent with the current transport data. This indicates that the sample is homogeneous and the critical state model can be applied. Both magnetic relaxation measurements and flux creep resistivity in a magnetic field indicate the importance of thermally activated processes.
Evaluating Robert Franks Economic Naturalist Writing Assignment
Year: 2011

This paper begins by asking a fundamental question: why do students who take Economics at an introductory level often leave the subject without understanding even the most basic economic principles? The superficial answer seems to be that courses try to cover too many concepts at the expense of mastering the important threshold concepts. Another issue is the way Economics is taught and assessed. I will evaluate an alternative pedagogical device pioneered by Robert Frank: The Economic Naturalist Writing Assignment, in which students are asked to pose an interesting question about some pattern of events or behaviour they have personally observed (a real life event) and to use basic economic principles to solve the question in no more than 500 words. In addition to being a useful means for teaching economics at an undergraduate level, this writing assignment has practical benefits for teaching economics through real world examples and/or to students who are non specialists. I will conclude with a series of questions (and answers) posed by students when I piloted this writing assignment in a new subject of mine in 2010.
Taking stock and moving forward in research on refugee entrepreneurship
Venue: Diversity and Entrepreneurship
Year: 2019

Refugee entrepreneurship has recently garnered a growing academic and political interest around the world. The rate of scientific publication has soared in the last few years due to the scholarly urgency on the topic following the 'global refugee crises' Nevertheless, the research field is currently underdeveloped with existing knowledge dispersed across various and often disconnected disciplines, which adopt different concepts, sample characteristics and methodologies. This makes it complex for interested scholars to find guidance in identifying compelling research opportunities.  This paper is a formative academic endeavour to systematically overview the current knowledge on the phenomenon of refugee entrepreneurship and provides direction for future developments. The rationalisation for this effort stems from the recurrent calls for establishing the scientific domain of 'refugee entrepreneurship' as its own field of scholarship.  The methodological framework, that is, systematic review (Tranfield et al. 2003) includes a total of 90 academic papers dealing with entrepreneurial self employment and small business activities of refugees since the mid 1980s, when the first scholarly efforts on the topic emerged.  The analysis reveals that current research is characterized by an over representation of social science scholars, a large use of ethnographic and descriptive methods, limited theorisation and strong reliance on ethnic minority entrepreneurship theories. The absence of few influential outlets for disseminating results and limited efforts of collaboration among scholars have resulted in a lack of coherent knowledge about refugee entrepreneurship. The domination of social scientists has particularly affected the research focus and direction. While a significant body of the literature focuses on the characteristics and sociocultural and structural determinants of refugee entrepreneur/ship, very little is known regarding entrepreneurial decisions, actions and processes.  This paper provides a research ground that will serve to build meaningful theory, identify coherent assumptions and questions and form the ontological and epistemological base for the scientific domain of 'refugee entrepreneurship' Research direction: Future research benefits from the focus on the entrepreneurial agency, behaviour and process of refugees.
Visual Localizer: Outdoor Localization Based on ConvNet Descriptor and Global Optimization for Visually Impaired Pedestrians
Venue: Sensors
Year: 2018

Localization systems play an important role in assisted navigation. Precise localization renders visually impaired people aware of ambient environments and prevents them from coming across potential hazards. The majority of visual localization algorithms, which are applied to autonomous vehicles, are not adaptable completely to the scenarios of assisted navigation. Those vehicle based approaches are vulnerable to viewpoint, appearance and route changes (between database and query images) caused by wearable cameras of assistive devices. Facing these practical challenges, we propose Visual Localizer, which is composed of ConvNet descriptor and global optimization, to achieve robust visual localization for assisted navigation. The performance of five prevailing ConvNets are comprehensively compared, and GoogLeNet is found to feature the best performance on environmental invariance. By concatenating two compressed convolutional layers of GoogLeNet, we use only thousands of bytes to represent image efficiently. To further improve the robustness of image matching, we utilize the network flow model as a global optimization of image matching. The extensive experiments using images captured by visually impaired volunteers illustrate that the system performs well in the context of assisted navigation.
I do not even tell my partner: Nurses' perceptions of verbal and physical violence against nurses working in a regional Hospital.
Venue: Journal of clinical nursing
Year: 2020

to examine nurses' perceptions of physical and verbal violence perpetrated by patients and visitors and to investigate themes surrounding gender and the incidence of violence.  The prevalence of violence towards nurses is a concern for nurses and hospital administrators. However, nurses who work in acute care and mental health care settings are particularly at high risk. This study examines the occurrence, type of violence and gender issues in a regional public hospital of Queensland Australia.  An exploratory, qualitative design.  Focus group interviews with 23 nurses from Emergency Department (ED) Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and Psychiatry Department (PD) working in Queensland regional public hospital, Australia. Qualitative data were transcribed and thematically analysed manually and by NVivo. COREQ research reporting checklist followed.  Participants reported frequent incidents of verbal and physical violence on a daily basis. Severe incidence included punching, kicking, biting and scratching, as well as threats of using weapons, such as knives. Patients were more likely to exhibit physical violence, especially towards male nurses, while hospital visitors including patient's family were more likely to exhibit verbal violence. Allocating male nurses in volatile areas and to care for violent patients raises concerns that the male nurses may be seen by their patients as 'bodyguards' and not as a professional nurse.  Findings indicate that staff believe that violence is increasing, feel the burden to accept that violence as part of the job and that the bureaucratic processes of the organisation make it difficult to address violence or get support. Organisations need to be vigilant in ensuring assistance is accessible and simplified. RELEVANT TO CLINICAL PRACTICE This study contributes new knowledge to the discussion concerning of gender issues. Identifying gender issues could assist in developing the necessary interventions to reduce workplace violence.
A Flexible Temperature Sensor Array with Polyaniline/Graphene Polyvinyl Butyral Thin Film
Venue: Sensors
Year: 2019

Thermal resistance temperature sensors generally employ temperature sensitive materials as active layers, which are always deposited on a flexible substrate to improve flexibility. Such a temperature sensor is usually integrated in wearable devices with other sensors, such as pressure sensors and stretchable sensors. In prior works, the temperature and pressure sensors are usually located in different layers in a multifunction sensor, which results in a complicated fabrication process, as well as a large thickness of devices. Meanwhile, many temperature sensors are based on large areas of non transparent materials, leading to difficulties in integrating display applications. In this paper, we demonstrate a flexible temperature sensor based on polyaniline/graphene (GPANI) polyvinyl butyral (PVB) thin film and indium tin oxides (ITO) polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. The GPANI particles embedded in PVB film not only contribute to temperature detection, but also response to external pressures, due to weak deformations. In addition, the thin composite film (2.7 mm) highly improved the transparency. By optimizing the device structure, the sensor integrates temperature and pressure detection into one single layer, which shows a wide temperature range of 25 80 degC, a pressure range of 0 30 kPa, and a high transparency >80% The temperature sensor offers great potential for applications in emerging wearable devices and electronic skins.
The Concept of AI Based Algorithm: Analysis of CEUS Images and HSPs for Identification of Early Parenchymal Changes in Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Venue: Informatica
Year: 2021

Identifying early pancreas parenchymal changes remains a challenging radiologic diagnostic task. In this study, we hypothesized that applying artificial intelligence (AI) to contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) along with measurement of Heat Shock Protein (HSP)70 levels could improve detection of early pancreatic necrosis in acute pancreatitis.  Acute pancreatitis (n 146) and ageand sex matched healthy controls (n 50) were enrolled in the study. The severity of acute pancreatitis was determined according to the revised Atlanta classification. The selected severe acute pancreatitis (AP) patient and an age/sex matched healthy control were analysed for the algorithm initiation. Peripheral blood samples from the pancreatitis patient were collected on admission and HSP 70 levels were measured using ELISA. A CEUS device acquired multiple mechanical index contrast specific mode images. Manual contour selection of the two dimensional (2D) spatial region of interest (ROI) followed by calculations of the set of quantitative parameters. Image processing calculations and extraction of quantitative parameters from the CEUS diagnostic images were performed using algorithms implemented in the MATLAB software.  Serum HSP 70 levels were 100.246 ng/ml (mean 76.4 ng/ml) at the time of the acute pancreatitis diagnosis. The CEUS Peek value was higher (155.5) and the mean transit time was longer (40.1 s) for healthy pancreas than in parenchyma affected by necrosis (46.5 and 34.6 s, respectively) (4)  The extracted quantitative parameters and HSP 70 biochem*Corresponding authors. 306 A. Kielaite Gulla et al. ical changes are suitable to be used further for AI based classification of pancreas pathology cases and automatic estimation of pancreatic necrosis in AP.
PPDCA: Privacy preserving crowdsensing data collection and analysis with randomized response
Venue: 2018 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)
Year: 2018

Randomized response mechanisms for guaranteeing crowdsensing data privacy have attracted scholarly attention; aggregators can ensure privacy by collecting only randomized data and individuals have plausible deniability regarding their responses. The analysts employed by organizations can still make predictions and conduct analyses using the randomized data. Existing randomized response based data collection solutions have severely restricted functionality and usability, resulting in impractical and inefficient systems. Hence, we propose a randomized response based privacy preserving crowdsensing data collection and analysis (PPDCA) method, in which a complementary randomized response (C RR) approach is designed to guarantee data privacy and to preserve features for data analysis. Moreover, we transform encoded data into binary vectors and generate a learning network using a deep learning framework. Through C RR and our learning model, PPDCA can perform exceptionally in terms of high utility analysis for the collected client side strings, compared with state of the art methods.
High sensitivity of BRCA1 deficient mammary tumors to the PARP inhibitor AZD2281 alone and in combination with platinum drugs
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Year: 2008

Whereas target specific drugs are available for treating ERBB2 overexpressing and hormone receptor positive breast cancers, no tailored therapy exists for hormone receptor and ERBB2 negative "triple negative" mammary carcinomas. Triple negative tumors account for 15% of all breast cancers and frequently harbor defects in DNA double strand break repair through homologous recombination (HR) such as BRCA1 dysfunction. The DNA repair defects characteristic of BRCA1 deficient cells confer sensitivity to poly(ADP ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibition, which could be relevant to treatment of triple negative tumors. To evaluate PARP1 inhibition in a realistic in vivo setting, we tested the PARP inhibitor AZD2281 in a genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) for BRCA1 associated breast cancer. Treatment of tumor bearing mice with AZD2281 inhibited tumor growth without signs of toxicity, resulting in strongly increased survival. Long term treatment with AZD2281 in this model did result in the development of drug resistance, caused by up regulation of Abcb1a/b genes encoding P glycoprotein efflux pumps. This resistance to AZD2281 could be reversed by coadministration of the P glycoprotein inhibitor tariquidar. Combination of AZD2281 with cisplatin or carboplatin increased the recurrence free and overall survival, suggesting that AZD2281 potentiates the effect of these DNA damaging agents. Our results demonstrate in vivo efficacy of AZD2281 against BRCA1 deficient breast cancer and illustrate how GEMMs of cancer can be used for preclinical evaluation of novel therapeutics and for testing ways to overcome or circumvent therapy resistance.
Cholinergic Projections From the Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus Contact Excitatory and Inhibitory Neurons in the Inferior Colliculus
Venue: Frontiers in Neural Circuits
Year: 2020

The inferior colliculus processes nearly all ascending auditory information. Most collicular cells respond to sound, and for a majority of these cells, the responses can be modulated by acetylcholine (ACh) The cholinergic effects are varied and, for the most part, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The major source of cholinergic input to the inferior colliculus is the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPT) part of the pontomesencephalic tegmentum known for projections to the thalamus and roles in arousal and the sleep wake cycle. Characterization of PPT inputs to the inferior colliculus has been complicated by the mixed neurotransmitter population within the PPT. Using selective viral tract tracing techniques in a ChAT Cre Long Evans rat, the present study characterizes the distribution and targets of cholinergic projections from PPT to the inferior colliculus. Following the deposit of viral vector in one PPT, cholinergic axons studded with boutons were present bilaterally in the inferior colliculus, with the greater density of axons and boutons ipsilateral to the injection site. On both sides, cholinergic axons were present throughout the inferior colliculus, distributing boutons to the central nucleus, lateral cortex, and dorsal cortex. In each inferior colliculus (IC) subdivision, the cholinergic PPT axons appear to contact both GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons. These findings suggest cholinergic projections from the PPT have a widespread influence over the IC, likely affecting many aspects of midbrain auditory processing. Moreover, the effects are likely to be mediated by direct cholinergic actions on both excitatory and inhibitory circuits in the inferior colliculus.