nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of a Strategic Business Model Framework for Multi Sided Platforms to Ensure Sustainable Innovation in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises
Year: 2019

As digitalization progresses, enterprises, especially small and medium sized enterprises, are pressured by reduced product life cycles and the emerging role of information technology to continuously deliver product innovations to stay competitive. Due to limited resources, new approaches are necessary. This paper shows, how multi sided platform (MSP) business models can help to achieve this goal. Therefore, we analyze current innovation approaches, collect the current state of business model innovations in SMEs, survey five SMEs who successfully launched an MSP and derive an exemplary framework which is built on the detected key aspects.
The Direct and Indirect Effects of Clinical Empathy on Well Being among Pre Medical Students: A Structural Equation Model Approach
Year: 2021

Empathy is a well established facet of clinical competency that research suggests is associated with enhanced medical student well being. Since little is known about empathy and well being before students enter medical school during pre medical education the main goal of this study is to test a conceptual model of how clinical empathy is related to two indicators of well being, depression, and burnout among pre medical students. The theoretical model hypothesizes that three dimensions of clinical empathy Perspective Taking, Compassionate Care, and Standing in Patients' Shoes will be directly and negatively related to depression, as well as indirectly through its inverse relationship with three facets of burnout, Emotional Exhaustion, Poor Academic Efficacy, and Cynicism.  Using survey data from a sample of 132 pre medical students at an American Midwestern university, this study employs structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the theoretical model of the relationships between empathy, burnout, and depression among pre medical students. We identify the direct effects of the three dimensions of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSE S) on depression (CES D) as well as the indirect effects of clinical empathy on depression through the three dimensions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI S)  SEM analyses show that while none of the three dimensions of the JSE S are directly related to depression, clinical empathy does significantly affect depression indirectly through burnout. Specifically, as predicted, we find that Perspective Taking decreases Emotional Exhaustion, but, contrary to expectations, Compassionate Care increases it. And, the positive relationship between Compassionate Care and Emotional Exhaustion is particularly strong. In turn, Perspective Taking and Compassionate Care are associated with depression in opposite directions and to different degrees.  Findings suggest that clinical empathy as measured by the JSE S produces both positive and negative effects on personal well being. We conclude that further conceptual clarity of clinical empathy is needed to better discern how the different dimensions impact different indicators of well being. Given that pre medical education is a crucial time for emotional socialization, the challenge for medical education will be fostering the positive, cognitive aspects of clinical empathy while simultaneously mitigating the adverse effects of affective empathy on medical student well being.
Determination of Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behavior of Hot Rolled Inconel 617/Ni Bimetal Composite Plate
Venue: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance
Year: 2020

Molten salt reactors (MSRs) which represent a widely implemented reactor type, are subject to severe conditions, which significantly impact structural materials. Hence, in this study, the bimetal composite plate (Inconel 617/Ni 201) was developed by hot rolling to meet the demands of alloy structural materials employed in future high temperature MSRs. The results of the bending test indicate that the interface of the two metals was well bonded. The tensile properties and microstructure, especially at the bimetallic interface of the composite plate, were tested and characterized using tensile testing machine, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy. TEM analysis of the bimetal interface confirmed that the two materials were in a metallurgical bonding state. Moreover, the tensile properties of the bimetal composite plate were mainly determined by the Inconel 617. In addition to the elongation at room temperature, the tensile properties of the composite plate were superior to those of Hastelloy N alloy, which is a well known and potential structural material for use in MSRs. In this study, the tensile properties of the composite plate after long term high temperature aging were also tested to determine its applicability to future high temperature MSRs.
Deep Learning for Detecting Building Defects Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2019

Clients are increasingly looking for fast and effective means to quickly and frequently survey and communicate the condition of their buildings so that essential repairs and maintenance work can be done in a proactive and timely manner before it becomes too dangerous and expensive. Traditional methods for this type of work commonly comprise of engaging building surveyors to undertake a condition assessment which involves a lengthy site inspection to produce a systematic recording of the physical condition of the building elements, including cost estimates of immediate and projected long term costs of renewal, repair and maintenance of the building. Current asset condition assessment procedures are extensively time consuming, laborious, and expensive and pose health and safety threats to surveyors, particularly at height and roof levels which are difficult to access. We propose a method for automated detection and localisation of key building defects from images using deep learning and convolution neural networks. The proposed model is based on a pre trained VGG 16 classifier with Class Activation Mapping (CAM) for object localisation. The model has proven to be robust and able to accurately detect and localise mould growth, stains, and paint deterioration defects arising from dampness in buildings. The approach is being developed with potentials to scale up to support automated detection of defects and deterioration of buildings in real time using mobile devices and drones.
Convex Model Databases Solving Real World OR Problems
Year: 2017

Many real world optimization problems deal with uncertain data and several modelling approaches including robust optimization (convex uncertainty sets) and stochastic programming (probabilistic uncertainty sets) are used to handle the uncertainty. These approaches lead to more complex models, however, advances in the field of convex optimization Boyd and Vandenberghe (Convex Optimization,  have made many complex problems quite tractable and applicable in many branches of information processing, including operations research, data science, signal processing, optimal control, and more. Though much research has been undertaken to improve the problem solving mechanisms, relatively little has been done in the area of data representation design of appropriate databases for storing and querying these models and using these models for data analysis, and this is the focus of our work.
Application of Machine Learning in Precision Agriculture using IoT
Venue: 2021 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Engineering and Management (ICIEM)
Year: 2021

The demand for food has been increasing over the past six decades with the global population increase. Scientists have been finding different ways to meet this demand, such as; green revolution and genetically modified crop methods. These involve an unnatural technique to increase the yield, such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and modified seeds; these might be beneficial in the short term but might slowly disturb the internal body mechanism. In recent years, consumers are becoming more concerned about their food intake and prefer food with no adulteration and harmful pesticides. This has brought in the hype for a subdivision of framing, organic farming, where organic fertilizers and pesticides are used to retain the quality and nutrition values of the crop bring harvested. In organic farming, the right crop must be chosen according to the soil type and climate. This reduces the chance of pre harvest crop losses caused by the abiotic stress in the environment, such as the soil pH levels, improper irrigation, climate, and temperature. However, when the desired conditions are provided to the crop, we can reduce the pre harvest loss up to 35% This paper offers a practical approach to reduce this loss by predicting what crop can be planted according to the present soil conditions and climate to prevent pre harvest losses. The model involves a temperature and humidity sensor, a soil moisture sensor, a soil pH sensor, IoT, and a water pump under a greenhouse environment connected with the help of a development board, Raspberry pi, and machine learning techniques.
Activity patterns, time use, and travel of millennials: a generation in transition?
Year: 2016

Millennials, defined in this study as those born between 1979 and 2000, became the largest population segment in the United States in 2015. Compared to recent previous generations, they have been found to travel less, own fewer cars, have lower driver's licensure rates, and use alternative modes more. But to what extent will these differences in behaviour persist as millennials move through various phases of the lifecycle? To address this question, this paper presents the results of a longitudinal analysis of the 2003 2013 American Time Use Survey data series. In early adulthood, younger millennials (born 1988 1994) are found to spend significantly more time in home than older millennials (born 1979 1985) which indicates that there are substantial differences in activity time use patterns across generations in early adulthood. Older millennials are, however, showing activity time use patterns similar to their prior generation counterparts as they age, although some differences particularly in time spent as a car driver persist. Millennials appear to exhibit a lag in adopting the activity patterns of predecessor generations due to delayed lifecycle milestones (e.g. completing their education, getting jobs, marrying, and having children) and lingering effects of the economic recession, suggesting that travel demand will resume growth in the future.
Vision, mission and formulation of newer approaches and goals at IJA: The scientific journey will continue
Venue: Indian journal of anaesthesia
Year: 2020

(c) 2020 Indian Journal of Anaesthesia Published by Wolters Kluwer Medknow Scientific publication is a continual phenomenon where scholars keep on treading the difficult research paths to achieve their academic dreams and desires. In an era dominated by evidence based medicine, adhering scientifically to research academics is becoming exceedingly difficult for an individual and one invariably requires help from the peers. Here comes the role of research 'TEAM' (Together Everyone Achieves More) which helps in various ways to accomplish the research work in a very meticulous manner over a shorter period, thereby decreasing the workload on an individual researcher. TEAM work is highly essential in a similar manner among editors and reviewers of Indian Journal of Anaesthesia (IJA) for achieving the greater heights which are further expected whenever new editorial board members take over.
Smart watch strap device
Year: 2015

The invention discloses a smart watch strap device. The smart watch strap device comprises a processor, a storage device, a communication component and a strap shell, wherein the storage device and the communication component are electrically connected with the processor, the storage device is used for storing digital data, the communication component is used for receiving and transmitting the digital data through a wireless access interface, and the strap shell is connected with a watch body through connecting components and encapsulates the processor, the storage device and the communication component. The smart watch strap device is capable of giving consideration to functional diversity and portability of an electronic device and provides better experience quality for consumers.
Securities investment analysis report Amazon company
Year: 2020

This article analyze different aspects of Amazon company. Its content include introduction, fundamental analysis, company analysis and SWOT analysis. The author hopes that readers will have a fresh perspective on Amazon company after reading this paper. 1. The introduction of Amazon company A successful company cannot be without a successful founder. Nowadays people are familiar with Amazon company. About twenty five years ago, JEFF BEZOS, who is the founder of Amazon, find it was more profitable to sell books online than in bookstores. Also, There was a wider range and wider variety of books for customers to choose online. He came up with an idea and named online bookstore as Amazon, home to the most diverse species of life on earth. Well begun is half done, BEZOS laid a good foundation for the development of Amazon in the future due to his tactical strategy and his foresight to the potential features of the web. Let us look this amazing company closely: Amazon company established in 1994, it is an American network electronic commerce company. It was one of the first companies to start e commerce online. These characteristics have assisted Amazon to promote its reputation around the world. At May 15, 1997, Amazon went public. Code was AMZN, which is 18$ a share. Now has spread to other product range is quite wide, has become the world's largest online retailer by commodity varieties and the world's second largest Internet companies. However, this is just a tip of iceberg of Amazon. At present, it is common to see Amazon's products all around the world. Parents often employ Amazon's educational electrical devices to boost their children's study life. Teenagers prefer to buy one of the main products in AmazonKindle books (an electronic book) to have a more enjoyable reading. What's more, a subsidiary of amazon and other vendors to provide clients with millions of unique new renovation and second hand goods, such as books, films and some electronic games. These phenomenons show that Amazon's product diversification.
Peripheral Adaption Power Cell Network for High Efficiency and High Linearity Power Amplifier
Venue: IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters
Year: 2014

This letter presents a smart power cell network design with peripheral adaption technique in a 2 mm GaAs HBT process. A distributed input matching circuit accompanying individual power cells, each with its own pre determined emitter ballast resistor is used in power cell network to perform power adaption operation. The power cell network is optimized to further enhance efficiency especially at very low output power range with substantial linearity improvement over an entire output power range. Compared to traditional power cells used in power amplifier, the new design shows an increase of PAE by at least 5% and improvement of IMD3 by 10 dB at 2.4 GHz with 600 KHz frequency spacing in measurement. The fabricated PA achieves a saturated output power of 32 dBm with PAE of 48% and its IMD3 is lower than 30 dB up to 30 dBm output power.
Combined effects of environmental factors on human perception and objective performance: A review of experimental laboratory works
Venue: Indoor air
Year: 2018

This study reports the outcomes of a literature survey aimed at exploring how different environmental factors that is acoustic, thermal, visual, and air quality stimuli interact in affecting building occupants' perception and performance. Recent laboratory studies have been collected, and their methodological approaches reviewed in terms of experimental design, adopted exposures conditions, perception and performance assessment methods. Results have been summarized and compared to identify interaction patterns between environmental factors and possible practical implications for improving the design of both experimental studies and the built environment. The analysis allows highlighting limitations, potential improvements and future opportunities in this field of research, thus providing a reference for further investigations aimed at a deeper understanding, modeling, and prediction of the impacts caused by the main indoor variables on human comfort and performance.
SedFoam 2.0: a 3 D two phase flow numerical model for sediment transport
Year: 2017

In this paper, a three dimensional two phase flow solver, SedFoam 2.0, is presented for sediment transport applications. The solver is extended from twoPhaseEulerFoam available in the 2.1.0 release of the open source CFD (computational fluid dynamics) toolbox OpenFOAM. In this approach the sediment phase is modeled as a continuum, and constitutive laws have to be prescribed for the sediment stresses. In the proposed solver, two different intergranular stress models are implemented: the kinetic theory of granular flows and the dense granular flow rheology m(I) For the fluid stress, laminar or turbulent flow regimes can be simulated and three different turbulence models are available for sediment transport: a simple mixing length model (one dimensional configuration only) a k e, and a k o model. The numerical implementation is demonstrated on four test cases: sedimentation of suspended particles, laminar bed load, sheet flow, and scour at an apron. These test cases illustrate the capabilities of SedFoam 2.0 to deal with complex turbulent sediment transport problems with different combinations of intergranular stress and turbulence models.
Contact point headache: Diagnosis and management in a tertiary care center in Northeast India
Year: 2018

Headache in the absence of infection or inflammation and other causes may be related with some anatomical abnormalities of nose called contact point headache. Our objective was to study endoscopic and radiological nasal findings of contact point headache and their outcomes after surgery in patients attending department of otorhinolaryngology, tertiary care teaching hospital/center in Northeast India.  A prospective study.  A total of fifty patients attending ear, nose, and throat outpatient department and diagnosed as contact point headache were selected after a detailed history of symptoms through questionnaires, diagnostic nasal endoscopy, computed tomography scan, and a positive xylocaine adrenaline test. All the patients underwent surgery. Pre and post operative pain score (visual analog score [VAS] mean frequency of pain, and mean duration of each attack were noted for comparison. Data collected were analyzed using appropriate tools.  A total of thirty males and twenty females were included in the study. At the end of 12 month follow up, pain score (VAS) reduced from 7.47 with standard deviation (SD) of 1.6 0.2 with SD of 0.59 postsurgery and the mean frequency of pain reduced from 9.10 with SD of 2.86 0.22 with SD of 0.67. Both were statistically significant.  Contact point headache is a common cause of headache in Northeast India and surgery is effective in a carefully selected cases.
Developmental validation of the EX16+22Y system
Year: 2020

The EX16+22Y system is a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based amplification kit that enables typing of 15 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci (i.e. D3S1358, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, TPOX, TH01, D2S1338, CSF1PO, D19S433, vWA, D18S51, D21S11, D8S1179, D5S818, and FGA) and 22 widely used Y chromosome STR (Y STR) loci (DYS391, DYS527a/b, DYS635, DYS458, DYS456, DYS385a/b, DYS438, DYS448, DYS437, DYS19, DYS576, DYS533, DYS393, DYS389I/II, DYS439, DYS392, Y_GATA_H4, DYS390, and DYS481) which contains 20 core Y STR recommended by the Ministry of Public Security and amelogenin. This multiplex system was designed for the simultaneous analysis of amelogenin Y allele mutation, single source searches, kinship (including familial searching) mixture profiles, international data sharing, and other forensic applications. In this study, the multiplex system was validated for sensitivity of detection, species specificity, DNA mixtures, stability, sizing precision, stutter, reproducibility, and PCR based conditions according to the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods developmental validation guidelines and Chinese criteria for the human fluorescent STR multiplex PCR reagent. The results show that the EX16+22Y system is a robust and reliable amplification kit which can be used for human identification testing.
Consumer response to packaging design: The role of packaging materials and graphics in sustainability perceptions and product evaluations
Year: 2017

Building on theories of cue utilization, this paper investigates whether and how packaging sustainability influences consumer perceptions, inferences and attitudes towards packaged products. A framework is tested in an empirical study among 249 students using soup products varying in packaging material and graphics. The findings show that (packaging) sustainability is a highly salient association but is only moderately important for consumer attitudes. A comparison between consumer judgments and life cycle assessment indicates that consumers rely on misleading, inaccurate lay beliefs to judge packaging sustainability and are therefore susceptible to making ineffective environmental decisions. The research also demonstrates the power of packaging in shaping perceptions of food products. Particularly, it shows that changes in actual environmental impacts (by altering packaging materials) affect not only sustainability perceptions but also several other benefits, such as perceived taste and quality. At the same time, consumers' sustainability assessments are also highly influenced by mere graphical packaging cues that have no obvious actual sustainability consequences.
Attosecond pulse shaping using a seeded free electron laser
Venue: Nature
Year: 2020

Attosecond pulses are central to the investigation of valence and core electron dynamics on their natural timescales 1 3 The reproducible generation and characterization of attosecond waveforms has been demonstrated so far only through the process of high order harmonic generation 4 7 Several methods for shaping attosecond waveforms have been proposed, including the use of metallic filters 8 9 multilayer mirrors 10 and manipulation of the driving field 11 However, none of these approaches allows the flexible manipulation of the temporal characteristics of the attosecond waveforms, and they suffer from the low conversion efficiency of the high order harmonic generation process. Free electron lasers, by contrast, deliver femtosecond, extreme ultraviolet and X ray pulses with energies ranging from tens of microjoules to a few millijoules 12 13 Recent experiments have shown that they can generate subfemtosecond spikes, but with temporal characteristics that change shot to shot 14 16 Here we report reproducible generation of high energy (microjoule level) attosecond waveforms using a seeded free electron laser 17 We demonstrate amplitude and phase manipulation of the harmonic components of an attosecond pulse train in combination with an approach for its temporal reconstruction. The results presented here open the way to performing attosecond time resolved experiments with free electron lasers. Generation of intense attosecond waveforms with independently controllable amplitude and phase is performed by using a seeded free electron laser.