nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Australian Primary School Principals' Teachers' and Parents' Attitudes and Barriers to Changing School Uniform Policies From Traditional Uniforms to Sports Uniforms.
Venue: Journal of physical activity health
Year: 2020

To determine Australian primary school principals' teachers' and parents' attitudes to changing school uniform policies to allow students to wear sports uniforms every day and to assess associations between participant characteristics and their attitudes. A secondary aim was to identify principals' and teachers' perceived barriers to uniform changes.  Cross sectional surveys of principals, teachers, and parents of children in grades 2 to 3 (age 7 10 y) from 62 Australian primary schools (Oct 2017 Mar 2018) were undertaken. Mixed logistic regression analyses assessed the associations between participant characteristics and attitudes toward uniform changes.  In total, 73% of the principals (38/52) who responded reported that their school only allowed children to wear a sports uniform on sports days. Overall, 38% of the principals (18/47) 63% of the teachers (334/579) and 78% of the parents (965/1231) reported they would support a policy that allowed children to wear daily sports uniforms. The most commonly reported barrier was the perception that sports uniforms were not appropriate for formal occasions.  Although the majority of the principals were not supportive of a change to a daily sports uniform, the majority of the teachers and parents were. Strategies to improve principal support may be required if broader adoption of physical activity supporting uniforms is to be achieved.
Influence of ultraviolet radiation on the color of blood stains embedded in the archaeological textile known as the Shroud of Turin
Venue: Advanced High Power Lasers and Applications
Year: 2019

The archaeological cloth known as the Shroud of Turin is a controversial object for both scientific and religious reasons. After a brief introduction on the scientific data about the age of the cloth and the microscopic complexity of the images embedded on it, we discuss the unique reddish color of blood stains on the Shroud, which caught the attention of several scholars in the last decades. Various hypotheses were proposed to explain the blood stains reddish color, and the experimental tests produced uncertain results because data were not sufficient or were obtained in vitro. We have tested the strength of two hypotheses, namely, the long term influence of ultraviolet (UV) light on high bilirubin blood and the presence of carboxyhemoglobin, respectively by RGB color analyses of high bilirubin blood after irradiation by ns excimer laser pulses and UV lamp and by the study of the spectral reflectance of the blood stains on the Shroud.
Learning Narrative Therapy Backwards: Exemplary Tales as an Alternative Pedagogy for Learning Practice
Year: 2017

This article provides an account of our experience trying out exemplary tales as an alternative pedagogy for learning narrative therapy. The laboratory for this experiment was a semester long graduate course on narrative therapy taught at North Dakota State University. Rather than following a traditional structure of first teaching the theoretical concepts through readings, we instead started in sort of a backwards manner by introducing students to the practice of narrative therapy through exemplary tales. We developed a pedagogy that required students to set aside the use of professionalized understandings or accounts of practice and instead relay on their own knowings and words to learn how to name and map the practices that were highlighted in the stories. Our hope was that through this engaged learning process students would come to an experience near learning of narrative therapy that was informed by the spirit and ethics of the practice itself.
'It Isn't What We Don't Know that Gives Us Trouble, It's What We Know that Ain't So' Misinformation and Democratic Politics
Venue: British Journal of Political Science
Year: 2014

This article explores the dangers to the quality of democratic governance of those who are informed but disengaged and, especially, those who are engaged but use false 'knowledge' Poll data show the extent of Americans' misinformation about, or disengagement with, climate change. The main responsibility for these problems lies with politicians, who have partisan incentives to help the disengaged become active, but also partisan incentives to keep the misinformed politically involved. Activity in accord with false 'knowledge' can slow needed responses to global warming and lead to concrete harm to individuals, communities and nations.
Player Characteristics and Video Game Preferences
Venue: CHI PLAY
Year: 2019

The Games User Research literature has advanced considerably on understanding why people play games and what different types of games or mechanics they prefer. However, what has been less studied is how models of player preferences explain their game choices. In this study, we address this question by combining and analyzing two datasets (N 188 and N 332) containing data about the games that participants enjoy, their player trait scores, and their preferred game elements and playing styles. The results provide evidence that these scores can significantly explain participants' preferences for different games. Additionally, we provide information about the characteristics of players who enjoy each game.
'This is me' Expressions of intersecting identity in an LGBTQ+ ethnic studies course
Year: 2020

This case study considers how one public high school in Northern California offered a yearlong course that combined a semester long LGBTQ+ studies class with a semester long ethnic studies class, taught by the same teacher and attended by the same cohort of 26 students. Through a combination of identity maps, student interviews, and a transfer task (i.e. a digital textbook project) we explored students' experiences and efforts to discern how their awareness of LGBTQ+ and ethnic studies issues, particularly the intersectionality of those issues, may have influenced their own identities. This research offers a model for educators and policymakers, as well as lessons learned and inspiration, for incorporating intersectional LGBTQ+ content and curriculum into social studies classrooms. It presents ways, both big and small, for K 12 educators to connect LGBTQ+ issues and rights with those from communities of color. Findings illustrate that queer theory and historical thinking can indeed offer a valuable guide for encouraging social studies educators and students to expand their understanding of the intersecting experiences of people of color and the LGBTQ+ community.
Chaos control for multi scroll chaotic attractors generated by introducing a bipolar sigmoid function series
Venue: Indian Journal of Physics
Year: 2019

In this paper, a bipolar sigmoid function series is proposed to generate 1 D (one dimensional) and 2 D (two dimensional) multi scroll chaotic attractors. The nonlinear dynamical behaviors of 1 D and 2 D multi scroll chaotic systems are analyzed, including the equilibrium points, invariance, dissipation, Lyapunov exponents, fractional dimension and Poincare map. In addition, backstepping controllers are used to stabilize the 1 D and 2 D multi scroll chaotic systems. The results show that the 1 D and 2 D multi scroll chaotic attractors can be generated by introducing the bipolar sigmoid function series. The mechanism for generating multi scroll chaotic attractors is as follows: The equilibrium points with index 2 (type two) are responsible for generating scrolls, and the equilibrium points with index 1 (type one) are responsible for connecting these scrolls. The chaotic behaviors in the 1 D and 2 D multi scroll chaotic systems are stabilized to some equilibrium points using the backstepping controllers, without determining the desired targeting orbits beforehand.
Teaching intermediate level technical and musical skills through the study and performance of selected piano duos
Year: 2007

Teaching Intermediate Level Technical and Musical Skills Through the Study and Performance of Selected Piano Duos Yunn Bing "Christine" Tan The study and performance of ensemble repertoire can provide benefits at all levels of music study. Playing piano duos (two people at two pianos) is enjoyable for young students and can help maintain their interest in playing the piano. Furthermore, skills acquired in duo piano playing, such as communication, coordination, and balance can not only be transferred to solo and/or duet performance, but can also develop a foundation for performing other types of chamber music, thus preparing young students to accompany other instrumentalists or vocalists or even a choir in the near future. This study provides a pedagogical guide that presents suggestions for teaching intermediate level technical, musical skills, and collaborative skills through the study of selected intermediate level piano duos from various musical periods. Specific technical and musical skills that students can hone from the study of this repertoire (including rhythm, phrasing and articulation, dynamics, musical style, balance, pedaling, and coordination of the ensemble) are discussed from the pedagogical standpoint.
APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR SHORTTERM PREDICTION OF CONTAINER TRAIN FLOWS IN DIRECTION OF CHINA EUROPE VIA KAZAKHSTAN
Year: 2019

International container transport plays an important role in the exchange of goods between China and Europe, and accordingly, the efficiency of the transportation increases with the organization of special container lines (land and sea) Owing to its geographical location, the territory of Kazakhstan has become one of the main international landlines for passage of container cargo in recent years. Priority is given to solution of such problems as reduction of cargo delivery time, simplification of customs operations, setting attractive and competitive tariffs, ensuring a high degree of cargo safety, development of transport infrastructure, assessment of the transit potential of railway network of the country, and predicting future cargo flows. This article shows the use of artificial neural networks (ANN) for predicting container train flows in the direction of China Europe. For this purpose, a three layer perceptron with a learning algorithm, based on the back propagation of the error signal, was used. A concrete example shows how the ANN training process is conducted and how the adjustable parameters are selected.
Detection of Anomalies in Large Scale Accounting Data using Deep Autoencoder Networks
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2017

Learning to detect fraud in large scale accounting data is one of the long standing challenges in financial statement audits or fraud investigations. Nowadays, the majority of applied techniques refer to handcrafted rules derived from known fraud scenarios. While fairly successful, these rules exhibit the drawback that they often fail to generalize beyond known fraud scenarios and fraudsters gradually find ways to circumvent them. To overcome this disadvantage and inspired by the recent success of deep learning, we propose the application of deep autoencoder neural networks to detect anomalous journal entries. We demonstrate that the trained network's reconstruction error obtainable for a journal entry and regularized by the entry's individual attribute probabilities can be interpreted as a highly adaptive anomaly assessment. Experiments on two real world datasets of journal entries show the effectiveness of the approach resulting in high f1 scores of 32.93 (dataset A) and 16.95 (dataset B) and less false positive alerts compared to state of the art baseline methods. Initial feedback received by chartered accountants and fraud examiners underpinned the quality of the approach in capturing highly relevant accounting anomalies.
Making the case for 'physical activity security' the 2020 WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour from a Global South perspective
Venue: British Journal of Sports Medicine
Year: 2020

With relatively few exceptions, the majority of evidence concerning the health benefits of physical activity (PA) has been gleaned from high income countries (HICs).1 In the opening editorial to this special issue,2 the editors suggest that under representation of lower and middle income countries (LMICs, often referred to as 'Global South' in the PA literature is more than 'just another research gap' Arguably, this gap reflects very real differences in context, competing health and developmental priorities, available resources and undoubtedly, political will. Juxtaposed against the clear benefits of PA, most LMICs are characterised by the coexistence of both non communicable and infectious chronic diseases, such as tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS.3 Obesity often coexists with maternal and childhood undernutrition and household food insecurity and health disparities have been exacerabated by the COVID 19 crisis. Political circumstances are often adverse, with many LMICs experiencing conflict, humanitarian crises, and/or social unrest and embedded inequalities (eg, the legacy of apartheid in South Africa) Lack of safety from crime and traffic, poorly designed and often overcrowded urban environments, low prioritisation of physical education in schools, and inequitable distribution of green space, are endemic to most LMICs.4 5 Thus, PA, even for transport, is difficult at best, and largely undertaken by necessity rather than by choice. Meanwhile, recreational PA is inaccessible for most in these  As such, and with rapid urbanisation in LMICs, often into poverty,7 we are required to view PA through the 'lens' of equity. This demands us to elevate the discussion for PA above health, and frame it as a
"Fuzzy association rule mining based frequent pattern extraction from uncertain data"
Venue: 2012 World Congress on Information and Communication Technologies
Year: 2012

Frequent pattern mining is one of the most important research topics for many real life applications in the area of data mining. Frequent item set originates from association rule mining that uses to find association rules of items in large transactional database. Many existing algorithm to mine for the frequent itemset from static transaction database that is definite known and precise. In this paper we conducted a study on uncertain data and fuzzy association rule mining approach. The main contribution of this paper is three manifolds. First we presented a review on existing method for finding frequent patterns form uncertain data. Second a new approach is proposed for finding frequent patterns from uncertain data, and third, the experiments are carried out to evaluate the performance of proposed approach for uncertain data. In this approach we have used fuzzy concept and originate the frequent patterns. The experimental results from the survey demonstrate that this proposed approach for valuable frequent pattern set the influential uncertain data mining.
Patient specific stem cell lines derived from human parthenogenetic blastocysts.
Venue: Cloning and stem cells
Year: 2007

Parthenogenetic activation of human oocytes may be one way to produce histocompatible cells for cell based therapy. We report the successful derivation of six pluripotent human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines from blastocysts of parthenogenetic origin. The parthenogenetic human embryonic stem cells (phESC) demonstrate typical hESC morphology, express appropriate markers, and possess high levels of alkaline phosphatase and telomerase activity. The phESC lines have a normal 46, XX karyotype, except one cell line, and have been cultured from between 21 to 35 passages. The phESC lines form embryoid bodies in suspension culture and teratomas after injection to immunodeficient animals and give differentiated derivatives of all three embryonic germ layers. DNA profiling of all six phESC lines demonstrates that they are MHC matched with the oocyte donors. The study of imprinted genes demonstrated further evidence of the parthenogenetic origin of the phESC lines. Our research has resulted in a protocol for the production of human parthenogenetic embryos and the derivation of stem cell lines from them, which minimizes the presence of animal derived components, making the derived phESC lines more suitable for potential clinical use.
A Living Citizenship Model for the Public Schools: The Philosophical Foundations of Friendship in the Works of Epicurus and Ralph Waldo Emerson.
Year: 2012

In an interdisciplinary, hermeneutical study using primary and secondary documents from history, philosophy, political theory, and critical pedagogy, the dissertation focuses on dialogue, friendship, and citizenship. The philosophical foundations of friendship in the works of Epicurus and Ralph Waldo Emerson are discussed. Included in the study is the history of citizenship and analysis of works on dialogue and community. A critical consciousness is significant for real dialogue to precipitate friendship. The philosophical foundations of friendship in the works of Epicurus and Ralph Waldo Emerson are echoed in the Peaceable Schools Model for secondary schools. Based on social justice and the avoidance of conflict, the Peaceable Schools Model ministers a progressive pedagogy and fosters a living citizenship for students in public schools and in the community.
Multi collision resistance: a paradigm for keyless hash functions
Venue: IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch.
Year: 2017

We introduce a new notion of multi collision resistance for keyless hash functions. This is a natural relaxation of collision resistance where it is hard to find multiple inputs with the same hash in the following sense. The number of colliding inputs that a polynomial time non uniform adversary can find is not much larger than its advice. We discuss potential candidates for this notion and study its applications. Assuming the existence of such hash functions, we resolve the long standing question of the round complexity of zero knowledge protocols we construct a 3 message zero knowledge argument against arbitrary polynomial size non uniform adversaries. We also improve the round complexity in several other central applications, including a 3 message succinct argument of knowledge for NP, a 4 message zero knowledge proof, and a 5 message public coin zero knowledge argument. Our techniques can also be applied in the keyed setting, where we match the round complexity of known protocols while relaxing the underlying assumption from collision resistance to keyed multi collision resistance. The core technical contribution behind our results is a domain extension transformation from multi collision resistant hash functions for a fixed input length to ones with an arbitrary input length and a local opening property. The transformation is based on a combination of classical domain extension techniques, together with new information theoretic tools. In particular, we define and construct a new variant of list recoverable codes, which may be of independent interest.
Vitamin D Supplements and Prevention of Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease
Venue: The New England journal of medicine
Year: 2019

It is unclear whether supplementation with vitamin D reduces the risk of cancer or cardiovascular disease, and data from randomized trials are limited.  We conducted a nationwide, randomized, placebo controlled trial, with a two by two factorial design, of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) at a dose of 2000 IU per day and marine n 3 (also called omega 3) fatty acids at a dose of 1 g per day for the prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease among men 50 years of age or older and women 55 years of age or older in the United States. Primary end points were invasive cancer of any type and major cardiovascular events (a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes) Secondary end points included site specific cancers, death from cancer, and additional cardiovascular events. This article reports the results of the comparison of vitamin D with placebo.  A total of 25,871 participants, including 5106 black participants, underwent randomization. Supplementation with vitamin D was not associated with a lower risk of either of the primary end points. During a median follow up of 5.3 years, cancer was diagnosed in 1617 participants (793 in the vitamin D group and 824 in the placebo group; hazard ratio, 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.88 to 1.06; P=0.47) A major cardiovascular event occurred in 805 participants (396 in the vitamin D group and 409 in the placebo group; hazard ratio, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.85 to 1.12; P=0.69) In the analyses of secondary end points, the hazard ratios were as follows: for death from cancer (341 deaths) 0.83 (95% CI, 0.67 to 1.02) for breast cancer, 1.02 (95% CI, 0.79 to 1.31) for prostate cancer, 0.88 (95% CI, 0.72 to 1.07) for colorectal cancer, 1.09 (95% CI, 0.73 to 1.62) for the expanded composite end point of major cardiovascular events plus coronary revascularization, 0.96 (95% CI, 0.86 to 1.08) for myocardial infarction, 0.96 (95% CI, 0.78 to 1.19) for stroke, 0.95 (95% CI, 0.76 to 1.20) and for death from cardiovascular causes, 1.11 (95% CI, 0.88 to 1.40) In the analysis of death from any cause (978 deaths) the hazard ratio was 0.99 (95% CI, 0.87 to 1.12) No excess risks of hypercalcemia or other adverse events were identified.  Supplementation with vitamin D did not result in a lower incidence of invasive cancer or cardiovascular events than placebo. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others; VITAL ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01169259.
First successful field evaluation of new, one minute haemozoin based malaria diagnostic device
Venue: EClinicalMedicine
Year: 2020

Early and accurate diagnosis of malaria is critical to the success of malaria elimination. However, the current mainstay of malaria diagnosis in the field, such as light microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have limitations due to low parasite density or mutation in diagnostic markers.  We evaluated an inexpensive, robust, rapid, malaria diagnostic device, called Gazelle, that employs magneto optical detection to identify haemozoin crystals (Hz) produced by all species of human malaria parasites in infected individuals. A beam of polarised light is passed through the lysed diluted blood sample under the influence of high .55T) and low magnetic fields. The difference in light transmission through the sample between the high and low magnetic fields indicates presence of Hz, suggesting possible malarial infection. A total of 300 febrile patients were screened at the malaria clinic of Indian Council of Medical Research National Institute of Research in Tribal Health (ICMR NIRTH) Jabalpur, India, from August 2018 to November 2018. Malaria diagnosis was done using four diagnostic methods: Gazelle, light microscopy, RDT, and malaria specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Measures of diagnostic accuracy were compared.  Out of 300 febrile patients enroled and tested for the presence of malaria parasites, 262 patient samples were included in the final analysis. The sensitivity and specificity of Gazelle was 98% and 97% in comparison to light microscopy, 82% and 99% to PCR and 78% and 99% to RDT, respectively. The results of the four diagnostic methods were comparable and statistically no significant differences in sensitivity or specificity was observed between these methods. Enhanced diagnostic accuracy of Gazelle in malaria patients with no prior history of malaria treatment was observed in this study.  The diagnostic ability of Gazelle was comparable to light microscopy and better than RDTs even in low parasitemia and in presence of pfhrp2/3 deletion mutant parasites. Gazelle may be a novel valuable diagnostic tool in resource poor settings where (i) microscopy is not feasible and (ii) pfhrp2/3gene deleted parasite are present. Its speed, cost efficiency, and alternative to lack of microscopists makes it an important adjunct in field settings. Funding HemexDx, India.