nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Can gamification improve financial behavior? The moderating role of app expertise
Venue: International Journal of Bank Marketing
Year: 2019

The purpose of this paper is to explore potential benefits of gamification (application of game playing elements) for financial well being and motivation to save.  A preliminary survey of college students explored how gamification principles incorporated into money savings/personal finance smartphone apps could improve financial well being. The main study utilized Mechanical Turk participants, exposing them to financial game app descriptions that emphasized social features (e.g. leaderboards and ability to share achievements) or economic features (e.g. ability to earn real money or a higher interest rate) Objective and subjective financial measures including expertise with financial apps, perceived benefits of financial apps and behavioral intentions were examined.  Financial worry, financial literacy, subjective knowledge and expertise with money savings/financial applications predicted financial well being. Additionally, consumers varied in their preferences for certain financial game app features based on past financial app experience. Those who already used a financial app tend to exhibit higher subjective (though not objective) knowledge, and want both "social" and "economic" features of financial applications, whereas those with no experience are more motivated by economic features.  These results could be used to guide game designers regarding which features may be more attractive to consumers depending on their prior expertise with financial smartphone applications. Financial services marketing would benefit from further research into whether smartphone financial applications that emphasize social features have benefits for consumers' motivation and financial well being.  Examining college students about to enter the real world and the general population, this project contributes to research to improve understanding of financial well being by examining how already having a financial gamification application impacts perceptions of knowledge and expertise, as well as intentions to save given a more socially focused vs economically focused savings app. Additional research needs to further explore gamification as an experimental intervention to ultimately improve both subjective financial well being and objective financial behaviors, especially for consumers with lower expertise and high risk of financial vulnerability.
Incorporating Commonsense Knowledge Graph in Pretrained Models for Social Commonsense Tasks
Venue: DEELIO
Year: 2020

Pretrained language models have excelled at many NLP tasks recently; however, their social intelligence is still unsatisfactory. To enable this, machines need to have a more general understanding of our complicated world and develop the ability to perform commonsense reasoning besides fitting the specific downstream tasks. External commonsense knowledge graphs (KGs) such as ConceptNet, provide rich information about words and their relationships. Thus, towards general commonsense learning, we propose two approaches to implicitly and explicitly infuse such KGs into pretrained language models. We demonstrate our proposed methods perform well on SocialIQA, a social commonsense reasoning task, in both limited and full training data regimes.
Achieving Stronger Compaction for DCT Based Steganography: A Region Growing Approach
Venue: WorldCIST
Year: 2020

The strong energy compaction property of the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) has inspired researchers to utilize the DCT transform technique in steganography. The DCT transform can effectively represent a signal within a few significant coefficients leaving a large area with insignificant coefficients that can be safely replaced by a substantial amount of secret data. It has been proven that this strong energy compaction property has a relation with the correlation of the signal. The higher the correlation, the stronger the compaction, and thus more data can be hidden. Therefore, several state of the art image steganography techniques tend to segment the cover image into homogeneous segments to exploit the strong compaction property of the DCT. In this paper, a precise segmentation process using the region growing segmentation method is applied to maximize the homogeneity level between pixels in a segment, and thus, maximizing the hiding capacity while achieving improved stego quality.
A fast scene matching method for navigation system based on the improved Hausdorff distance
Venue: 2016 IEEE Advanced Information Management, Communicates, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IMCEC)
Year: 2016

The improved Hausdorff distance (Hausdorff distance: HD for short) is often used as a similarity measure in the scene matching navigation system for its high adaptability. To solve the problem of poor real time with HD based match, roughness to precision hierarchical match method is often used based on multi resolution technique. However, this method is not suitable for the case of small actual image. By analyzing the characteristic of HD and the adaptability of hierarchical match based on wavelet decomposition, an adaptive fast scene matching method combining pixel jump search with wavelet decomposition is proposed in this paper. Simulation results show that the proposed adaptive method takes less time than the wavelet decomposition based matching method, and that the match point is still correct in the case of small actual image.
Computation offloading frameworks in mobile cloud computing a survey
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Current Trends in Advanced Computing (ICCTAC)
Year: 2016

Mobile devices are characterized by limited and non scalable resources such as low processing power, insufficient primary memory and short battery life. Resource intensive applications such as augmented reality, artificial intelligence, artificial vision, object tracking, image processing and natural language processing are becoming popular. These applications are unable to execute effectively on resource constraint mobile devices. In the last few years considerable research has been done on Mobile Cloud Computing to extend the capabilities of mobile devices. Various models and frameworks have been proposed to offload resource intensive components of applications to cloud for efficient execution. This paper surveys recent computation offloading frameworks to determine and analyze the factors which affect the wide acceptance of these frameworks.
Anomalous Branching Pattern of the External Carotid Artery in Cadavers
Year: 2014

With increasing use of invasive diagnostic and interventional procedures in cardio vascular disease, it is important to fi nd out type and frequencies of vascular variations. Variations in the course, branching and distribution of carotid arteries are commonly encountered.  In the present study we have observed variations of the branching pattern of external carotid artery. We examined the 30 cadavers during routine dissection.  One cadaver had common trunk of lingual, facial and superior thyroid artery on one side (i.e thyrolinguofacial trunk) and in four cadavers there were unilateral common trunk of lingual and facial artery i.e linguofacial trunk.  Anatomical knowledge of the origin, course and branching pattern of external carotid artery will be useful during head neck surgeries. The present study thus provides useful information for clinical application. The clinical importance of this variation is discussed.
3D T1 weighted contrast enhanced brain MRI in children using a fat suppressed golden angle radial acquisition: an alternative to Cartesian inversion recovery imaging.
Venue: Clinical imaging
Year: 2019

T1 weighted post contrast MRI is essential in brain protocols. We demonstrate the feasibility and utility of a 3D non Cartesian radial acquisition in children.  To compare bulk motion artifacts, image quality, and lesion conspicuity in 3D T1 weighted post contrast brain MRI between a new fat suppressed radial gradient echo and a traditional non fat suppressed inversion recovery Cartesian gradient echo sequence.  Images from 53 patients acquired at 3 Tesla were compared. Three radiologists rated the images in three categories, including the presence of bulk motion and whether it impacted diagnosis, whether one sequence was preferred over the other in overall image quality and conspicuity of vascular structures and lesions, and whether diagnosis was possible if only the new fat suppressed radial acquisition was obtained.  The Fleiss' kappa for inter rater agreement was 0.67 for bulk motion and 0.54 for sequence preference. Of the 53 cases, 56% were identified to have significant motion on conventional imaging, while only 13% had motion artifacts on the radial acquisition (p 0.05) There were no cases where motion was seen on the radial acquisition but not on conventional imaging. Both sequences were equally preferred in 87% of the cases. All radiologists agreed that the radial approach had lower gray white matter contrast than the conventional inversion recovery method, but preferred the former for making diagnosis in uncooperative patients.  We demonstrate the potential utility of a fat suppressed 3D T1 weighted post contrast brain gradient echo sequence in children. The technique is useful in non sedate pediatric imaging due to its reduced sensitivity to bulk motion.
Computational challenges in the analyses of petrophysics using microtomography and upscaling: A review
Venue: Comput. Geosci.
Year: 2016

Microtomography provides detailed 3D internal structures of materials in micro to tens of nano meter resolution and is quickly turning into a new technology for studying petrophysical properties of rocks. An important step is the upscaling of these properties as micron or sub micron resolution can only be achieved on the sample scale of millimeters or even less than a millimeter. We have developed a computational workflow for the analysis of microstructures including the upscaling of material properties. Computations of properties are first performed using conventional material science simulations at micro to nano scale. The subsequent upscaling of these properties is done by a novel renormalization procedure based on percolation theory. In this paper we discuss the computational challenges arising from the workflow, which include: 1) characterization of microtomography for extremely large data sets; 2) computational fluid dynamics simulations at pore scale for permeability estimation; 3) solid mechanical computations at pore scale for estimating elasto plastic properties; 4) Extracting critical exponents from derivative models for scaling laws. We conclude that significant progress in each of these challenges is necessary to transform microtomography from the current research problem into a robust computational big data tool for multi scale scientific and engineering problems. A workflow for the analyses of microstructures and upscaling.Computational challenges related to the workflow are analysed.Solutions for some problems and tips to avoid trouble are provided.The sources code of characterising microstructures is released.
Deterioration of physical performance and cognitive function in rats with short term high fat feeding
Venue: FASEB journal official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Year: 2009

Efficiency, defined as the amount of work produced for a given amount of oxygen consumed, is a key determinant of endurance capacity, and can be altered by metabolic substrate supply, in that fatty acid oxidation is less efficient than glucose oxidation. It is unclear, however, whether consumption of a high fat diet would be detrimental or beneficial for endurance capacity, due to purported glycogen sparing properties. In addition, a high fat diet over several months leads to cognitive impairment. Here, we tested the hypothesis that short term ingestion of a high fat diet (55% kcal from fat) would impair exercise capacity and cognitive function in rats, compared with a control chow diet (7.5% kcal from fat) via mitochondrial uncoupling and energy deprivation. We found that rats ran 35% less far on a treadmill and showed cognitive impairment in a maze test with 9 d of high fat feeding, with respiratory uncoupling in skeletal muscle mitochondria, associated with increased uncoupling protein (UCP3) levels. Our results suggest that high fat feeding, even over short periods of time, alters skeletal muscle UCP3 expression, affecting energy production and physical performance. Optimization of nutrition to maximize the efficiency of mitochondrial ATP production could improve energetics in athletes and patients with metabolic abnormalities. Murray, A. J. Knight, N. S. Cochlin, L. E. McAleese, S. Deacon, R. M. J. Rawlins, J. N. P. Clarke, K. Deterioration of physical performance and cognitive function in rats with short term high fat feeding.
Mask Attention Networks: Rethinking and Strengthen Transformer
Venue: NAACL
Year: 2021

Transformer is an attention based neural network, which consists of two sublayers, namely, Self Attention Network (SAN) and Feed Forward Network (FFN) Existing research explores to enhance the two sublayers separately to improve the capability of Transformer for text representation. In this paper, we present a novel understanding of SAN and FFN as Mask Attention Networks (MANs) and show that they are two special cases of MANs with static mask matrices. However, their static mask matrices limit the capability for localness modeling in text representation learning. We therefore introduce a new layer named dynamic mask attention network (DMAN) with a learnable mask matrix which is able to model localness adaptively. To incorporate advantages of DMAN, SAN, and FFN, we propose a sequential layered structure to combine the three types of layers. Extensive experiments on various tasks, including neural machine translation and text summarization demonstrate that our model outperforms the original Transformer.
Increasing access to integrated ESKD care as part of universal health coverage.
Venue: Kidney international
Year: 2019

The global nephrology community recognizes the need for a cohesive strategy to address the growing problem of end stage kidney disease (ESKD) In March 2018, the International Society of Nephrology hosted a summit on integrated ESKD care, including 92 individuals from around the globe with diverse expertise and professional backgrounds. The attendees were from 41 countries, including 16 participants from 11 low and lower middle income countries. The purpose was to develop a strategic plan to improve worldwide access to integrated ESKD care, by identifying and prioritizing key activities across 8 themes: (i) estimates of ESKD burden and treatment coverage, (ii) advocacy, (iii) education and training/workforce, (iv) financing/funding models, (v) ethics, (vi) dialysis, (vii) transplantation, and (viii) conservative care. Action plans with prioritized lists of goals, activities, and key deliverables, and an overarching performance framework were developed for each theme. Examples of these key deliverables include improved data availability, integration of core registry measures and analysis to inform development of health care policy; a framework for advocacy; improved and continued stakeholder engagement; improved workforce training; equitable, efficient, and cost effective funding models; greater understanding and greater application of ethical principles in practice and policy; definition and application of standards for safe and sustainable dialysis treatment and a set of measurable quality parameters; and integration of dialysis, transplantation, and comprehensive conservative care as ESKD treatment options within the context of overall health priorities. Intended users of the action plans include clinicians, patients and their families, scientists, industry partners, government decision makers, and advocacy organizations. Implementation of this integrated and comprehensive plan is intended to improve quality and access to care and thereby reduce serious health related suffering of adults and children affected by ESKD worldwide.
Use of sea sand and seawater in concrete construction: Current status and future opportunities
Year: 2017

This paper presents a critical review of existing studies on the effects of using sea sand and/or seawater as raw materials of concrete on the properties of the resulting concrete, including its workability, short and long term strength as well as durability. It has been shown by existing research that concrete made with sea sand and seawater develops its early strength faster than that of ordinary concrete, but the former achieves a similar long term strength to the latter. Existing studies have also shown that the use of sea sand and seawater may have a significant effect on chloride induced steel corrosion but has only a negligible effect on the carbonation process of concrete. Strong evidence exists that a combination of mineral admixtures for the concrete and reinforcement with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) can effectively solve the durability problem associated with the abundance of chloride ions in sea sand seawater concrete (SSC) Such use of SSC also offers a good opportunity for the incorporation of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) in concrete, particularly those that have been chloride contaminated, as has been demonstrated by some preliminary research. The current understanding of the behavior of SSC, as summarized in the present paper, provides a solid basis for further research in the area to enable the wide use of SSC in concrete construction worldwide, particularly when combined with FRP as the reinforcing material.
Hybrid discrete and continuous variable quantum information
Year: 2015

Research in quantum information processing has followed two different directions: the use of discrete variables (qubits) and that of high dimensional, continuous variable Gaussian states (coherent and squeezed states) Recently, these two approaches have been converging in potentially more powerful hybrid protocols. The traditional approaches to quantum information processing using either discrete or continuous variables can be combined in hybrid protocols for tasks including quantum teleportation, computation, entanglement distillation or Bell tests.
The effect of web communities on consumers' initial trust in B2C e commerce websites
Year: 2012

The purpose of this paper is to test the effectiveness of the mere integration of social network applications to provide a signal concerning the "trustworthiness" of an unfamiliar e vendor in order to enhance subsequent purchase intentions.  To investigate the impact of web communities on consumers' initial trust beliefs (i.e. ability, benevolence and integrity) a 2x3 between subjects full factorial online experiment was carried out, using a fictitious web site for a gift gadgets selling company, manipulating it for inclusion or exclusion of a "social networking site" and for inclusion or exclusion of "a corporate blog (text only blog, photo and text blog, or no blog)" Data were obtained from 226 online shoppers.  Although the authors could not reveal any effects of the integration of social network applications on "ability" beliefs, it was possible to demonstrate their capacity to "signal" "benevolence" and "integrity" which in turn have a significant impact on purchase intentions. Unfamiliar e retailers may foster perceptions of "integrity" by utilizing text blogs into their web sites, but they should avoid embedding facial photos of shop representatives in the blog. If e retailers want to make use of "a corporate blog with facial photo" it is recommended to combine it with the integration of a social networking site such as Facebook in order to boost perceptions of "benevolence"  The simple integration of "social network applications" can affect "initial trust beliefs" towards unfamiliar e tailers and subsequent "purchase intentions" but it appears essential to utilize just the right cue combination in order to obtain the desired effect. The effectiveness of integrating a social network application may vary according to the type and may affect different trust beliefs (benevolence, integrity)  An important issue in e commerce remains how trust is developed between consumers and e retailers. This paper investigates the use of different web communities and the influence of their integration in the commercial web site on consumers' initial trust beliefs in the online environment. The findings will help business managers to understand how social media should be used to lead to optimal results.
[Study on the Fast Quantitative Analysis of the Content of DME Adulterated in LPG]
Venue: Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi Guang pu
Year: 2016

A new analytical method of analyzing dimethyl ether (DME) content in liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is proposed in this paper. An unsolved problem about quick detection of the composition of LPG has been settled with this method. A set of precise preparation apparatus for DME/ LPG solution and a set of quickly analytical system of LPG based on near infrared technology were designed. The analytical equipment can be conveniently connected to the sampling cylinder because it can bear 3.5 MPa pressure. Oblique projection algorithm was used to separate the pure spectra of DME from that of the LPG's solutions. The standard curve of the concentration of DME (c) has been built by using the Intensity (I) of pure signal of DME in the LPG solution and the concentrations. The correlation coefficient of the equation is 0.999 4. The result of external validation shows that the relative error is less than 2.0% The new method has the advantages such as fast, easy and noneed of expensive multivariate modeling.
Influence of acid sites on the hydrodeoxygenation of anisole with metal supported on SBA 15 and SAPO 11
Year: 2018

Nickel and molybdenum nanoparticles were prepared on silicon aluminum phosphate (SAPO 11) and mesoporous silica (SBA 15) respectively, and compared with g Al2O3 support. Results showed that the nickel and molybdenum nanoparticles were located inside the pores of the SBA 15 structure with particles sizes around 7 nm. However, for the SAPO 11 support the nanoparticles are dispersed outside the support surface. These catalysts were tested for hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) and exhibited excellent catalytic activity. The catalytic reaction had been carried out in a fixed bed flow reactor at 200 300 degC. It is noteworthy that the Turnover Frequencies (TOF) obtained for of NiMoSAPO was 2 times greater than NiMoSBA 15 catalyst. The products formed on NiMoSAPO and NiMoSBA were completely different from the NiMoAl2O3 catalyst used as reference. IR of Pyridine suggested that the hydrodeoxygenation and hydrodearomatization reaction is strongly affected by the support nature, specifically, due to the relation between Bronsted and Lewis acid sites present at the surface of these materials. The low surface area, dispersion of the metallic sites and the proportion of Lewis/Bronsted acid sites have had strong influence on the selectivity of the hydrodeoxygenation reaction.