nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
REVIEW ON HEALTH IMPACT OF HAZARDOUS AND SAFEST TRADITIONAL COOKWARE WITH AYURVEDIC APPROACH
Year: 2020

Human is evolved and nourished by food so food has been given the prime importance since Vedic period, but if our food itself is polluted then how the development of health hazards can be prevented or checked. The contamination of food is a major concern especially for developing countries like India. Today, society are very careful about the selection of food but unfortunately attention has not been given about selection of cookware and the impact of these cooking utensils on health. Number of good looking cookware sets are made by very dangerous material and coated by toxic chemicals to. Most commonly used cookware sets are Aluminum, Plastic and Non stick cookware. During cooking process these cookware sets releases many hazardous substances like Teflon, BPA, Aluminum etc. which contaminates food and ultimately reaches to the body and linked as a causative factor for many diseases like Cancer, Alzheimer's disease etc. According to FDA materials that are used to make utensils should not allow to migrate into food. Though, traditionally Earthen pots, Cast iron, glass, bamboo and copper, stone cookware sets were in use. Those were added therapeutic value in the cooked food. Thus, attention must be needed to choose the correct utensils for cooking which should be safe and beneficial for health. In Ayurveda during the description of eight dietary principles, importance of Vasana (utensils) is mentioned under the description of Karana (processing techniques of food items) Ayurveda believes that container helps in transformation of qualities of food items. Different kinds of utensils had been shown both positive and negative effect on body. Hence, this article makes an attempt to gathered data and compiled to find the health impacts of newly evolved as well as traditional cookware options in society.
A Numerical Method for Turbulent Flows in Highly Staggered and Low Solidity Supersonic Turbine Cascades
Year: 2011

Two main problems are associated with conventional numerical methods for simulating turbulent flows in high reaction type supersonic turbine cascades near the tip of the last stage blade in a steam turbine: the large skewness of computational grids and treatments of boundary conditions when the shock waves hit boundaries. This paper presents a numerical method to deal with these issues. A grid generation technique which uses five block structured grids has been developed. The orthogonality of the grid is good even for highly staggered and low solidity cascades. In addition, the grids are completely continuous at the boundary between the blocks and at the periodic boundaries. Both the gradient of the grid lines and the change rate of the grid widths connected smoothly. As a result, shock waves can be captured accurately and stably. The inflow and outflow boundary conditions based on the two dimensional characteristic theory have been applied and diminished the spurious reflections and fluctuations of shock waves at both the inlet and outlet boundaries. Therefore the non physical reflection does not affect the flow in the cascades. A low Reynolds number k e turbulent model has been proposed. Distance from a wall is not used as the characteristic length of turbulent flows so that the turbulent model can be applied to a wake and a separation flow. The validity of the numerical method was verified by comparisons of the pressure distributions on the blade, the loss coefficients, and flow angles with linear cascade experiments of transonic compressor cascades.
Spin to orbital angular momentum conversion via light intensity gradient
Year: 2021

Besides a linear momentum, optical fields carry an angular momentum (AM) which have two intrinsic components: one is spin angular momentum (SAM) related to the polarization state of the field, and the other is orbital angular momentum (OAM) caused by the helical phase due to the existence of topological azimuthal charge. The two AM components of the optical field may not be independent of each other, and the Spin to Orbital AM conversion (STOC) under focusing will create a spin dependent optical vortex in the longitudinal filed. Here we demonstrate a new mechanism (or novel way, new way, specific process) for the STOC based on a radial intensity gradient. The radial phase provides an effective way to control the local AM density, which induce counterintuitive orbital motion of isotropic particles in optical tweezers without intrinsic OAM. Our work not only provides fundamental insights into the spin orbit interaction of light, but also push towards possible applications in optical micro manipulation.
Effect of Using Organic Acids to Substitute Antibiotic Growth Promoters on Performance and Intestinal Microflora of Broilers
Year: 2010

A grower broiler experiment (from 14 to 35 days of age) was conducted to study the effect of using two commercial mixtures of organic acids (Galliacid (r) and Biacid (r) to substitute antibiotic growth promoter (Eneramycin (r) on performance, carcass characteristics and intestinal microflora. 400 (Ross 308) broiler chicks were used. A basal corn soybean meal diet were formulated and served as a control treatment. The control diet was supplemented with either 0.06% Galliacid, 0.1% Biacid or 0.02% Eneramycin. Birds fed the Galliacid supplemented diet had 16% (p<0.001) more gain than the control, while those fed the Biacid or Enramycin supplemented diets recorded 3 and 5.5% more gain, respectively. Organic acids mixtures and Enramycin supplementation significantly (p<0.001) improved feed conversion ratio. These results indicated that birds fed either organic acid mixtures or Enramycin supplemented diets utilized feed more efficiently than those fed the control diet. Galliacid significantly (p<0.01) increased dressing percentage and bursa weight body weight) No significant differences were detected on liver, spleen and thymus body weight) among treatments. Galliacid or Biacid significantly (p<0.001) decreased intestinal Escherichia coli and Salmonella compared to the control and Enramycin supplemented diets. Dietary Enramycin significantly (p<0.001) decreased Escherichia coli, but had no effect on Salmonella counts. In conclusion, organic acid mixtures are more efficient than antibiotic growth promoter (Enramycin) in improving broiler performance and decreasing intestinal Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. and could be successfully used to substitute antibiotic growth promoters in broiler diets. However, not all of the organic acid mixtures gave the same effect either on performance or
Putting the organic label in context: Examining the interactions between the organic label, product type, and retail outlet
Year: 2016

The organic label has been studied extensively in the literature; however, few studies take into consideration the context in which the organic purchase takes place. In this study, we examine the product type (virtue vs. vice) as well as the purchase context (retailer: Target vs. Walmart) Using an online experiment with U.S. consumers (N 605) we determine how the organic label interacts with each of these contexts and how these interactions impact downstream evaluations such as expected taste, nutrition, safety, likelihood of purchase, and attitude and trust toward the product's brand. Results of the study reveal both the organic label and retail context impact product evaluations. First, results showed organic products were perceived more favorably on a number of measures (including nutrition, safety, brand attitude, and brand trust) than their non organic counterparts, providing evidence of an organic "halo" effect. Interestingly, though, the organic "halo" did not extend to two measures: expected taste and likelihood of purchase. Secondly, organic labeling benefits virtue and vice products in distinct aspects the organic virtue product had better expected taste while the organic vice product had higher expected nutrition. Finally, we find that retailers are a crucial factor that moderates the evaluation of organic products. Our results suggest retailers like Target may be better outlets for promoting organic vice products whereas retailers like Walmart may only be good outlets for promoting organic virtue products. This study has important implications for the National Organic Program, the Organic Trade Association, producers, and food brand managers.
Differential evolution approach to the grid based localization and mapping problem
Venue: 2007 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems
Year: 2007

A new solution to the Simultaneous Localization and Modelling problem is presented. It is based on the stochastic search of solutions in the state space to the global localization problem by means of a differential evolution algorithm. A non linear evolutive filter, called Evolutive Localization Filter (ELF) searches stochastically along the state space for the best robot pose estimate. The proposed SLAM algorithm operates in two steps: in the first step the ELF filter is used at a local level to re localize the robot based on the robot odometry, the laser scan at a given position and a local map where only a low number of the last scans have been integrated. In a second step the aligned laser measures together with the corrected robot poses are use to detect when the robot is revisiting a previously crossed area. Once a cycle is detected, the Evolutive Localization Filter is used again to re estimate the robot poses in order to integrate the sensor measures in the global map of the environment. The algorithm has been tested in different environments to demonstrate the effectiveness, robustness and computational efficiency of the proposed approach.
Gated Graph Sequence Neural Networks
Venue: ICLR
Year: 2016

Graph structured data appears frequently in domains including chemistry, natural language semantics, social networks, and knowledge bases. In this work, we study feature learning techniques for graph structured inputs. Our starting point is previous work on Graph Neural Networks (Scarselli et al. 2009) which we modify to use gated recurrent units and modern optimization techniques and then extend to output sequences. The result is a flexible and broadly useful class of neural network models that has favorable inductive biases relative to purely sequence based models (e.g. LSTMs) when the problem is graph structured. We demonstrate the capabilities on some simple AI (bAbI) and graph algorithm learning tasks. We then show it achieves state of the art performance on a problem from program verification, in which subgraphs need to be matched to abstract data structures.
Analysis of a Concentrating Solar Power Tower Operating with a Closed Joule Brayton Cycle and Thermal Storage
Year: 2016

In this paper, a solar tower power plant with a closed Joule Brayton cycle, of 5 MW rate power, with molten salts thermal storage, located in Seville is presented. The peculiarity of the cycle, using air like fluid work, is to vary, by an auxiliary compressor and a vent valve, the pressure, so that fluid average density, at gas turbine inlet. An adjustment of the mass flow rate, in order to regulate the exit air temperature from the receiver of concentrating solar tower, is obtained. During energy surplus production, the thermal storage energy is loaded. Particular attention is placed to the energy thermal storage, which uses molten salt KCl MgCl2, suitable for this application due to its high melting temperature, in double tank configuration. The thermodynamic model of the entire plant was implemented using Thermoflex(r) software, while, for the concentrating tower, WinDelsol software was used. Using time data relating to the locations, the performance of the entire plant, during a year, has been simulated. Preliminary results show that this plant can achieve relevant benefits in total energy production and equivalent operation hours per year, therefore it is competitive with conventional energy production systems. Furthermore, a performances estimation with a cost analysis, using a LCOE parametric analysis, has been performed.
Perspective of Secondary Teachers in the Utilization of Science Strategic Intervention Material (SIM) in Increasing Learning Proficiency of Students in Science Education
Year: 2016

The phenomenological research investigated the perspectives and experiences of five science teachers on using strategic intervention material (SIM) in their respective science classes. The use of these materials is important towards achieving the needed competencies of the students which they failedto achieve in regular classroom instruction. A total of five science teachers were recruited from different schools in Baguio provided that they were able to craft or at least to utilize science SIM. The research indicated that the teachers held variety of views of SIM integration. These views influenced their use of SIM in the classroom, especially during remediation sessions as an abridgement and re teaching tool. They view that SIM will promote autonomous learning and memory enhancement among learners to better their performance in understanding many complicated concepts and skills in science. However, despite these advantages, teachers encounter barriers during preparation and implementation proper of the SIM.
PELAKSANAAN KEBEBASAN BERAGAMA DI INDONESIA (EXTERNAL FREEDOM) DIHUBUNGKAN IJIN PEMBANGUNAN RUMAH IBADAH
Year: 2011

Recently, Indonesia faced issues about freedom of religion, in particular for construction the house of worship. It is part of freedom of worship which is element from freedom of religion and it should protected by State. eventhough State in implementation those right can make some limitation.  Decree 2006 is a form of restriction provided by the State to maintain public order. The implementation of freedom of religion is highly depend on the tolerance among religious community, particularly in the scope of forum externum. Cooperation beetwen all parties, i.e State as policy makers and implementers, religious leaders as a role model for the followers and society plays an important role in maintaining inter religious harmony.  human rights, freedom of religion, construction the house of worship
UniViLM: A Unified Video and Language Pre Training Model for Multimodal Understanding and Generation
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

With the recent success of the pre training technique for NLP and image linguistic tasks, some video linguistic pre training works are gradually developed to improve video text related downstream tasks. However, most of the existing multimodal models are pre trained for understanding tasks, leading to a pretrain finetune discrepancy for generation tasks. This paper proposes UniVL: a Unified Video and Language pre training model for both multimodal understanding and generation. It comprises four components, including two single modal encoders, a cross encoder, and a decoder with the Transformer backbone. Five objectives, including video text joint, conditioned masked language model (CMLM) conditioned masked frame model (CMFM) video text alignment, and language reconstruction, are designed to train each of the components. We further develop two pre training strategies, stage by stage pre training (StagedP) and enhanced video representation  to make the training process of the UniVL more effective. The pre train is carried out on a sizeable instructional video dataset HowTo100M. Experimental results demonstrate that the UniVL can learn strong video text representation and achieves state of the art results on five downstream tasks.
Bone marrow stromal cells attenuate sepsis via prostaglandin E2 dependent reprogramming of host macrophages to increase their interleukin 10 production
Venue: Nature Medicine
Year: 2009

Sepsis causes over 200,000 deaths yearly in the US; better treatments are urgently needed. Administering bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs also known as mesenchymal stem cells) to mice before or shortly after inducing sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture reduced mortality and improved organ function. The beneficial effect of BMSCs was eliminated by macrophage depletion or pretreatment with antibodies specific for interleukin 10 (IL 10) or IL 10 receptor. Monocytes and/or macrophages from septic lungs made more IL 10 when prepared from mice treated with BMSCs versus untreated mice. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated macrophages produced more IL 10 when cultured with BMSCs, but this effect was eliminated if the BMSCs lacked the genes encoding Toll like receptor 4, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1a or cyclooxygenase 2. Our results suggest that BMSCs (activated by LPS or TNF a) reprogram macrophages by releasing prostaglandin E2 that acts on the macrophages through the prostaglandin EP2 and EP4 receptors. Because BMSCs have been successfully given to humans and can easily be cultured and might be used without human leukocyte antigen matching, we suggest that cultured, banked human BMSCs may be effective in treating sepsis in high risk patient groups.
The management of recurrent croup in children.
Venue: The Journal of laryngology and otology
Year: 2013

To review the aetiology, investigation, diagnosis, treatment and clinical outcome of children with recurrent croup.  Retrospective case note review of all children with recurrent croup referred to the otolaryngology service at our hospital from November 2002 to March 2011.  Ninety children with recurrent croup were identified. Twenty five children (28 per cent) had anatomical airway abnormalities, of which 16 (18 per cent) demonstrated degrees of subglottic stenosis. Twenty three children (26 per cent) had positive microlaryngobronchoscopy findings suggestive of reflux. Eleven children were treated for gastroesophageal reflux disease, 10 (91 per cent) of whom responded well to anti reflux medication (p 0.006) No cause was identified for 41 (45 per cent) of the children; this was the group most likely to continue having episodes of croup at follow up. One death occurred in this group.  Airway anomalies are common in children that present with recurrent croup. Laryngobronchoscopy allows identification of the cause of croup and enables a more accurate prognosis. In the current study, laryngobronchoscopy findings that indicated reflux were predictive of benefit from anti reflux medications, whereas the clinical presentation of reflux was not. Routine measurement of immunoglobulin E and complement proteins did not appear to be helpful.
Crustal deformation rates in Kashmir valley and adjoining regions from continuous GPS measurements from 2008 to 2019
Venue: Scientific reports
Year: 2020

We present GPS velocities in Kashmir valley and adjoining regions from continuous Global Positioning System (cGPS) network during 2008 to 2019. Results indicate total arc normal shortening rates of 14 mm/year across this transect of Himalaya that is comparable to the rates of 10 to 20 mm/year reported else where in the 2500 km Himalaya Arc. For the first time in Himalayas, arc parallel extension rate of 7 mm/year was recorded in the Kashmir valley, pointing to oblique deformation. Inverse modeling of the contemporary deformation rates in Kashmir valley indicate oblique slip of 16 mm/year along the decollement with locking depth of 15 km and width of 145 km. This result is consistent with the recorded micro seismicity and low velocity layer at a depth of 12 to 16 km beneath the Kashmir valley obtained from collocated broadband seismic network. Geodetic strain rates are consistent with the dislocation model and micro seismic activity, with high strain accumulation 7e 08 maximum compression) to the north of Kashmir valley and south of Zanskar ranges. Assuming the stored energy was fully released during 1555 earthquake, high geodetic strain rate since then and observed micro seismicity point to probable future large earthquakes of Mw 7.7 in Kashmir seismic gap.
Evaluating Multi Angle Photochemical Reflectance Index and Solar Induced Fluorescence for the Estimation of Gross Primary Production in Maize
Venue: Remote. Sens.
Year: 2020

The photochemical reflectance index (PRI) has been suggested as an indicator of light use efficiency (LUE) and for use in the improvement of estimating gross primary production (GPP) in LUE models. Over the last two decades, solar induced fluorescence (SIF) observations from remote sensing have been used to evaluate the distribution of GPP over a range of spatial and temporal scales. However, both PRI and SIF observations have been decoupled from photosynthesis under a variety of non physiological factors, i.e. sun view geometry and environmental variables. These observations are important for estimating GPP but rarely reported in the literature. In our study, multi angle PRI and SIF observations were obtained during the 2018 growing season in a maize field. We evaluated a PRI based LUE model for estimating GPP, and compared it with the direct estimation of GPP using concurrent SIF measurements. Our results showed that the observed PRI varied with view angles and that the averaged PRI from the multi angle observations exhibited better performance than the single angle observed PRI for estimating LUE. The PRI based LUE model when compared to SIF, demonstrated a higher ability to capture the diurnal dynamics of GPP (the coefficient of determination (R2) 0.71) than the seasonal changes (R2 0.44) while the seasonal GPP variations were better estimated by SIF (R2 0.50) Based on random forest analyses, relative humidity (RH) was the most important driver affecting diurnal GPP estimation using the PRI based LUE model. The SIF based linear model was most influenced by photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) The SIF based linear model did not perform as well as the PRI based LUE model under most environmental conditions, the exception being clear days (the ratio of direct and diffuse sky radiance 2) Our study confirms the utility of multi angle PRI observations in the estimation of GPP in LUE models and suggests that the effects of changing environmental conditions should be taken into account for accurately estimating GPP with PRI and SIF observations.
Market Selection, Reallocation, and Restructuring in the U.S. Retail Trade Sector in the 1990s
Venue: The Review of Economics and Statistics
Year: 2006

The U.S. retail trade sector underwent a massive restructuring and reallocation of activity in the 1990s with accompanying technological advances. Using a data set of establishments in that sector, we quantify and explore the relationship between this restructuring and reallocation and labor productivity dynamics. We find that virtually all of the labor productivity growth in the retail trade sector is accounted for by more productive entering establishments displacing much less productive exiting establishments. The productivity gap between low productivity exiting single unit establishments and entering high productivity establishments from large, national chains plays a disproportionate role in these dynamics.
An Image Based Vocabulary Learning System Based on Multi Agent System
Venue: 2019 16th International Joint Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering (JCSSE)
Year: 2019

Promoting and developing English language skills are essential for second language learners. This paper presents the design and development of a mobile application for promoting learners' experiences in learning the English vocabularies by formulating the compound words generated from images. The proposed system is based on the multi agent system (MAS) covering three main agents: matching learners agent, combination vocabulary agent, and feedback agent. The innovation of the proposed approach is that many learners (matching learners agent) can formulate the new vocabulary that is formed from the combination algorithm (combination vocabulary agent) and learners can experience new vocabulary represented by using the image results (feedback agent) The two experiments of the system performance evaluation are reported. The experimental results show that the performance of the vocabularies' detection and the sub processes execution were achieved the high accuracy.