nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Application of Geospatial Technologies in the COVID 19 Fight of Ghana
Venue: Transactions of the Indian National Academy of Engineering
Year: 2020

The SARS CoV 2 infections continue unabated in Ghana and globally. The identification of country dynamics of the virus, its spread, and country specific interventions in tackling the menace including the application of geospatial technologies. This research sought to highlight the use of geospatial technologies in the fight against COVID 19 in Ghana with best practices from China where the infections originated from; present the trends in Ghana and model near future trends of the virus. It was evident that just as other places, Ghana has employed geospatial technologies and continues to ply unchartered paths in solutions. The trend in Ghana is in line with a population concentration and tends to record higher figures in the southern parts. It is modeled that through incessant mobility patterns, infections will spread through to the middle parts and then the northern parts. The research, therefore, recommends the use of infrared scanners to augment testing practices and enhanced tracing of infected persons as well as the use of drones for the distribution of essential services.
Control of a shape memory alloy actuated rotary manipulator using an artificial neural network based self sensing technique
Year: 2016

Shape memory alloys are a class of smart materials that can recover their original shape by heating above a temperature called austenite transformation temperature when subjected to deformation at low temperature. This property enables the shape memory alloy to be used as a unique actuator. Also, the material's resistance changes during transformation. Thus, the change in resistance and other electrical properties can be used to sense the deformation, which eliminates the requirement of additional sensors. An artificial neural network, described in our earlier study, was able to accurately model the relationship between the electrical properties and manipulator position. This study aims to develop a control methodology of a shape memory alloy actuated rotary manipulator using the feedback signal from the previously developed artificial neural network model, thus eliminating the need of any external position sensor. The control methodology using variable structure control technique is experimentally tested under different conditions. Also, the effect of environmental temperature on the ability of artificial neural network to predict manipulator position is analyzed using phenomenological model simulations. It is concluded that this system gives a robust performance with a small tolerance (less than 5deg) and can operate well even when the ambient temperature changes considerably.
INVESTIGATING THE APPLICABILITY OF SUSTAINABLE URBAN FORM AND DESIGN TO TRADITIONAL CITIES, CASE STUDY: THE OLD CITY OF SANA'A
Year: 2018

This research compared the traditional urban form of old Sana'a with the modern by applying three main basic principles of sustainability; 1. Form and density, 2. Walkability and connectivity and 3. Building energy. The method of inquiry was based on qualitative and quantitative methods and analysis using GIS, ECOTECT and Space Syntax modelling. The findings show that traditional form with its higher building density and compactness is a good model with regards to sustainable principles. Similarly, as to walkability index, traditional layout has higher rates of intersections and connected nodes and least angular changes with higher rates of integrations and choices in terms of Space Syntax properties than new layouts. Finally, the result of applying ECOTECT for urban solar analysis to confirm that the traditional pattern achieved sufficient values of solar access, exposure and shadows over different periods of the year. The overall results indicate that the traditional urban layout is more sustainable in terms of form and density, walkability and connectivity and urban solar energy than the new layouts.
Scale invariant small target detection by optimizing signal to clutter ratio in heterogeneous background for infrared search and track
Venue: Pattern Recognit.
Year: 2012

This paper presents a novel mathematical method for incoming target detection in a cluttered background motivated by the robust properties of the human visual system (HVS) The robust detection of small targets is very important in IRST (Infrared Search and Track) applications for self defense or attacks. HVS shows the best efficiency and robustness for the task of object detection in cluttered backgrounds. The robust properties of HVS include the contrast mechanism of figure ground, multi resolution representation of an object, size adaptation of object boundary, and pop out phenomena in a complex environment. Based on these facts, a plausible computational model integrating these facts is proposed using Laplacian scale space theory and an optimization method. Simultaneous target signal enhancement and background clutter suppression are achieved by tuning and maximizing the signal to clutter ratio (TM SCR) in Laplacian scale space. At the first stage, Tune Max of the signal to background contrast produces candidate targets with estimated target scale. At the second stage, Tune Max of the signal to clutter ratio (SCR) produces maximal SCR that is used to sort the detection results. Especially, the row directional local background removal filter (RD LBRF) is preprocessed in the horizontal region to enhance the TM SCR method. The evaluation results of incoming target sequence validate the detection capability of the proposed method from dim, small targets to strong, large targets in comparison with the Top hat method at the same rate of false alarms. The experimental results of various cluttered background images show that the proposed TM SCR produces less false alarms (4.3 times reduction) compared to that of the Top hat at the same detection rate. Finally, TM SCR after RD LBRF can maximize the detection rate in horizontal regions.
Green Marketing Practices and Green Brand Equity of FMCG companies in South Kerala
Year: 2019

In the modern era of globalisation, it has become a great challenge to keep the customers as well as consumers in fold and even keep our natural environment safe. The growing social concern for the environment has emerged as a key concept in marketing i.e, Green Marketing. It incorporates a broad range of activities, including product modification, changes to the production process, packaging changes, as well as modifying advertising. The Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector is one of the growing industries and they have increasingly recognising the various competitive advantages and opportunities to be gained from eco sustainability and green marketing. However, a better understanding of consumer behaviour is necessary especially in the FMCG sector. The objective of the study is to investigate consumer preference towards green products in the FMCG sector and analyses the factors affecting green purchasing behaviour. The research also explored the impact of green marketing practices of FMCG Companies on Green Brand Equity of the customers. Qualitative approach was adopted for the study by using a questionnaire and the total sample composed of 620 respondents from five districts of South Kerala. Stratified random sampling was used to collect data. The findings of the study show that Green Brand Image, Green Satisfaction, Green Loyalty of the customers affects their Green Brand Equity. The understanding on the changing consumption pattern of Kerala consumers and the value of attachment, they gave to the environment provides useful insights that are especially pertinent to an improved understanding of Green Purchasing Behaviour in the Kerala market.
Fatigue free operation of most body powered prostheses not feasible for majority of users with trans radial deficiency
Venue: Prosthetics and orthotics international
Year: 2018

Body powered prostheses require cable operation forces between 33 and 131 N. The accepted upper limit for fatigue free long duration operation is 20% of a users' maximum cable operation force. However, no information is available on users' maximum force.  To quantify users' maximum cable operation force and to relate this to the fatigue free force range for the use of body powered prostheses.  Experimental trial.  In total, 23 subjects with trans radial deficiencies used a bypass prosthesis to exert maximum cable force three times during 3 s and reported discomfort or pain on a body map. Additionally, subjects' anthropometric measures were taken to relate to maximum force.  Subjects generated forces ranging from 87 to 538 N. Of the 23 subjects, 12 generated insufficient maximum cable force to operate 8 of the 10 body powered prostheses fatigue free. Discomfort or pain did not correlate with the magnitude of maximum force achieved by the subjects. Nine subjects indicated discomfort or pain. No relationships between anthropometry and maximal forces were found except for maximum cable forces and the affected upper arm circumference for females.  For a majority of subjects, the maximal cable force was lower than acceptable for fatigue free prosthesis use. Discomfort or pain occurred in ~40% of the subjects, suggesting a suboptimal force transmission mechanism.  The physical strength of users determines whether a body powered prosthesis is suitable for comfortable, fatigue free long duration use on a daily basis. High cable operation forces can provoke discomfort and pain for some users, mainly in the armpit. Prediction of the users' strength by anthropometric measures might assist the choice of a suitable prosthesis.
The estrogen receptor coactivator AIB1 is a new putative prognostic biomarker in ER positive/HER2 negative invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast
Venue: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
Year: 2019

St Gallen surrogate definitions of the intrinsic subtypes, Ki67, progesterone receptor (PR) and Nottingham histological grade (NHG) are used for prognostic classification of estrogen receptor (ER) positive/HER2 negative breast cancer into luminal A or luminal B like. The aim of the present study was to investigate if additional biomarkers, related to endocrine signaling pathways, e.g. amplified in breast cancer 1 (AIB1) androgen receptor (AR) and G protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) can provide complementary prognostic information in a subset of ER positive/HER negative invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC).MethodsBiomarkers from 224 patients were analyzed immunohistochemically on tissue microarray. The primary endpoint was breast cancer mortality (BCM) analyzed with 10 and 25 year follow up (FU) In addition, the prognostic value of gene expression data for these biomarkers was analyzed in three publicly available ILC datasets.ResultsAIB1 (high vs. low) was associated to BCM in multivariable analysis (adjusted for age, tumor size, nodal status, NHG, Ki67, luminal like classification, and adjuvant systemic therapy) with 10 year FU (HR 6.8, 95% CI 2.3 20, P 0.001) and 25 year FU (HR 3.0, 95% CI 1.1 7.8, P 0.03) The evidence of a prognostic effect of AIB1 could be confirmed by linking gene expression data to outcome in independent publicly available ILC datasets. AR and GPER were neither associated to BCM with 10 year nor with 25 year FU (P 0.33) Furthermore, Ki67 and NHG were prognostic for BCM at both 10 year and 25 year FU, whereas PR was not.ConclusionsAIB1 is a new putative prognostic biomarker in ER positive/HER2 negative ILC.
09 Implementation of Complex Gas Sensor Systems: Ideas for a Structural Model
Year: 2016

Assessing gas mixtures is a task of tremendous complexity, especially when using cost efficient chemical sensors. Current research topics tend to concentrate on materials, processing, data analysis and simulations of promising target applications. However, successful commercialization of gas sensing solutions needs to cover the complete scope of the corresponding problem. Blind spots will cause false interpretation of results, overestimation of performance and inevitably result in overall failure. As a step towards a universal scheme for gas sensing devices and systems, a structural model for these is proposed inspired by the ISO OSI model for communication networks. It is intended to support development for a specific task as well as laying out the general idea of complex commercial or research projects. Main benefits are instant overview over the technology, indication of completeness and interface definition between sub systems and project groups. In order to cover general considerations on the meaningfulness of the target application, additional logical layers that go beyond the technological scope are included organically. Examples are given to demonstrate applicability to current implementations of devices and systems. Further work will include refining layer and interface definitions as well as evaluating quantification methods for system performance; application notes shall be developed in collaboration with the sensor community.
Position de consensus activite physique et obesite chez l'enfant et chez l'adulte
Year: 2010

Resume Objectifs L'activite physique est indiquee a tous les stades de la prise en charge de l'obesite chez l'enfant comme chez l'adulte, avec un niveau de preuves scientifiques eleve. L'objectif de ce travail est de proposer des reponses pratiques a des questions cles de medecins amenes a prescrire une activite physique chez des sujets obeses.  Cinq questions reponses sont developpees (1) quels sont les couts de l'obesite De la sedentarite De la mise en place d'une l'activite physique chez des sujets obeses (2) Quels sont les effets prouves de l'activite physique chez le sujet obese (3) Quels types d'activite physique faut il prescrire et/ou eviter (4) Y a t il des contre indications a l'activite physique chez le sujet obese (5) Comment evaluer l'activite physique habituelle des sujets obeses Resultats et conclusion Cette reflexion conduit a une position de consensus de la Societe francaise de medecine sur sport sur les modalites d'une consultation de medecine du sport en vue de la prescription d'une activite physique chez les sujets obeses.
Adiponectin and related C1q/TNF related proteins bind selectively to anionic phospholipids and sphingolipids
Year: 2019

Adiponectin (also known as Acrp30) is a well known adipokine associated with protection from cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Though multiple studies have investigated the mechanism of action of adiponectin and its relationship with tissue ceramide levels, several aspects of adiponectin biology remain unexplained, including its high circulating levels, tendency to oligomerize, and marked structural similarity to the opsonin C1q. Given the connection between adiponectin and ceramide metabolism, and the lipid binding properties of C1q, we hypothesized that adiponectin may function as a lipid binding protein. Indeed, we found that recombinant adiponectin bound to various anionic phospholipids and sphingolipids, including phosphatidylserine, ceramide 1 phosphate, and sulfatide. The globular head domain of adiponectin was necessary and sufficient for lipid binding. Adiponectin oligomerization was also observed to be critical for efficient lipid binding. In addition to lipids in liposomes, adiponectin bound LDL in an oligomerization dependent manner. Other C1qTNF related protein (CTRP) family members Cbln1, CTRP1, CTRP5, and CTRP13 also bound similar target lipids in liposomes. These findings suggest that adiponectin and other CTRP family members may not only function as classical hormones, but also as lipid binding opsonins or carrier proteins.
Afghanistan in 2015: a survey of the Afghan people
Year: 2016

This seminar is free and open to the public. The findings of The Asia Foundation's latest Survey of the Afghan People are being released at an important moment for Afghanistan. Crucial questions of security, economic stability, and reconciliation face the administration of President Ashraf Ghani and CEO Abdullah Abdullah. An atmosphere of increasing civilian casualties and unrest threaten the fragile but significant progress the country has made toward peace and prosperity over the past decade.
Far ultraviolet spectroscopy of Saturn's moons Rhea and Dione
Year: 2019

This thesis presents the first analysis of spatially resolved, far UV reflectance spectra of Saturn's icy satellites Rhea and Dione collected by the Cassini Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph (UVIS) during targeted flybys. The objective of this geochemical survey of Rhea's and Dione's leading and trailing hemispheres is to identify and explain the broad absorption feature centred near 184 nanometres. The secondary objective is to determine the presence of any minor impurities within the ice layers of these satellites by characterizing the location in wavelength space and shape of the 165 nm absorption edge due to pure water ice. To determine the precise position of the mid point of the absorption edge, derivative spectroscopy is applied to the Cassini UVIS spectra. The presence of any non water ice molecules within the ice matrix and/or changes in the structure of the ice grains should cause a shift from the nominal position of the 165 nm absorption edge, or alter the slope of the absorption edge. The 165 nm absorption edge and 184 nm absorption feature have been observed in disk integrated spectra of Rhea and other icy satellites in the Saturnian system. However, as of to date, there has been no satisfactory explanation for the 184 nm absorption feature. Cassini UVIS reflectance spectra are compared with modelled spectra derived using far UV spectra of thin ice specimens collected in laboratory experiments and Hapke theory. The results of the modelling show that the UVIS observations can be modelled by two molecules: simple chloromethanes beneath a layer of water ice or hydrazine monohydrate mixed in solid phase with water ice. A detailed analysis based on the astrochemistry and geomorphology of Rhea and Dione show that chloromethane molecules on their surfaces is difficult to explain, since their presence would require active subsurface oceans and an extensive network of fractures through their thick ice shells. On the other hand, hydrazine monohydrate is easier to explain since it can be produced via irradiation of ammonia ice by energetic particles originating from Saturn's magnetosphere environment. It is also shown in the research that hydrazine can also be produced on Saturn's largest moon Titan by irradiation of ammonia ice, or by chemical reactions involving water ice and solid ammonia ice. Several possible alternative scenarios based on an analysis of both sinks and sources of chloromethane molecules and hydrazine are presented in this thesis.
Distributed Join Query Processing for Big RDF Data
Year: 2018

The expansion of the services of the Semantic Web and the evolution of cloud computing technologies have significantly enhanced the capability of preserving and publishing information in standard open web formats, such that data can be both human readable and machine processable. This situation meets the challenge in the current big data era to effectively store, retrieve, and analyze resource description framework (RDF) data in swarms. Moreover, efficient data storage and retrieval that can scale to large amounts of possibly schema less data have proven to be quite difficult to achieve, specifically, RDF data storage with complex and large graph patterns for representing semantic data, and SPARQL query languages. In this paper, we provide comprehensive discussion about the proposed algorithms of Join.Query processing of RDF data by considering MapReduce Framework in a distributed environment. Moreover, we introduced a framework for RDF query processing and the benchmark that is used for the performance evaluation. Finally, we offer an evaluation discussion on distributed join query processing for big RDF data.
Continuous topical drug delivery using osmotic pump in animal cochlear implant model: Continuous steroid delivery is effective for hearing preservation
Venue: Acta oto laryngologica
Year: 2015

Continuous topical drug delivery using an osmotic pump is an effective supplementary technique for hearing preservation after cochlear implantation, as demonstrated in a guinea pig model.  To evaluate the effect of continuous topical steroid delivery via an osmotic pump in an animal cochlear implant model.  Twenty three guinea pigs were used for the study. The animals were divided into three groups: control group (n 8) simple topical dexamethasone delivery group (sDEXA group, n 7) and continuous topical dexamethasone delivery group (cDEXA, n 8) The hearing thresholds of all animals were measured by pre operative auditory brain stem responses (ABRs) at 2, 8, 16, 24, and 32 kHz. ABRs were re evaluated after cochlear implantation, and the animals were sacrificed for hematoxylin and eosin staining.  The ABR threshold at 1 week post operatively was significantly lower in the cDEXA group than in the control and sDEXA groups at most frequencies. Threshold shifts from baseline were statistically smaller in the cDEXA group than in the control and sDEXA groups at all frequencies. Histological analysis revealed decreased numbers of multi nucleated giant cells and thinner histiocyte layers.
Nurses and midwifes who are being mobbed in Nevsehir City Centre Health Organizations of State
Year: 2012

bsbd@balikesir.edu.tr www.bau sbdergisi.com OZET AMAC: Leymann'in isyerinde yetiskinler arasindaki grup siddetini tanimlamak icin kullandigi mobbingin amaci, kisi uzerinde psikolojik baski yaratarak, israrli, sistematik, asagilayici, yildirici, haksiz soz ve davranislarla onun incinmesini, yipranmasini, toplumsal itibarinin zedelenmesini, gruptan dislanmasini ve isten ayrilmasini saglamaktir. Saglik kurumlarinda hizmet veren ebe ve hemsirelerin mobbinge maruz kalmalari onlarin memnuniyetsiz, mutsuz olmalarina, is performanslarinin dusmesine neden olmasi nedeniyle bakiminin kalitesini dusurmesi acisindan tehlike olusturmaktadir.  Arastirma ebe ve hemsirelerin mobing'e ugrama durumlarinin belirlenmesi amaciyla tanimlayici olarak yapilmis, 142 katilimci ile tamamlanmis, veriler anket formu ve Caliskan'in 2005 yilinda gecerlik ve guvenirligini yaptigi Yildirma Faktorleri Olcegi ile toplanmistir. Iki nitel degisken arasinda bagimlilik olup olmadigina Ki kare testi ile bakilmis, p<0.05 degeri istatistiksel olarak anlamli kabul edilmistir.  Katilimcilarin %12.7'sinin son alti ay icerisinde haftada en az mobbing davranislarindan birine yada bir kacina maruz kaldiklari, mobbing faktor boyutlarindan itibara saldirilarin diger boyutlara gore yuksek oldugu ve 41.5'i baska bir kurumda calismak istedikleri saptanmistir. Katilimcilarin yas, gelir duzeyi, toplam calisma suresi, egitim durumu, unvan degiskenleri ile son 6 ay icerisinde haftada en az bir kez mobbing davranislarindan birine veya birkacina maruz kalma durumu arasindaki iliski istatistiksel olarak anlamsiz, calistigi bolum ile son 6 ay icerisinde haftada en az bir kez mobbing davranislarindan birine veya birkacina maruz kalma durumu arasindaki iliski istatistiksel olarak anlamli bulunmustur.  Katilimcilarin %12.7'sinin son alti ay icerisinde haftada en az mobbing davranislarindan birine yada bir kacina maruz kaldiklari belirlenmistir.