nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the digital divide in Canada: the impact of demographic factors on access to the internet, level of online activity, and social networking site usage
Year: 2014

The present study relies on the 2010 Canadian Internet Use Survey to investigate differences in people's access to the internet and level of online activity. The study not only revisits the digital divide in the Canadian context, but also expands current investigations by including an analysis of how demographic factors affect social networking site (SNS) adoption. The findings demonstrate that access to the internet reflects existing inequalities in society with income, education, rural/urban, immigration status, and age all affecting adoption patterns. Furthermore, the results show that inequality in access to the internet is now being mimicked in the level of online activity of internet users. More recent immigrants to Canada have lower rates of internet access; however, recent immigrants who are online have significantly higher levels of online activity than Canadian born residents and earlier immigrants. Additionally, women perform fewer activities online than men. People's use of SNSs differs in terms of education, gender, and age. Women were significantly more likely to use SNSs than men. Interestingly, high school graduates had the lowest percentage of adoption compared to all other education categories. Current students were by far the group that utilized SNSs the most. Canadian born, recent, and early immigrants all showed similar adoption rates of SNSs. Age is a strong predictor of SNS usage, with young people relying heavily on SNSs in comparison to those aged 55+ The findings demonstrate that the digital divide not only persists, but has expanded to include inequality in the level of online activity and SNS usage.
A Kinematic Study of Progressive Micrographia in Parkinson's Disease
Venue: Front. Neurol.
Year: 2019

Progressive micrographia is decrement in character size during writing and is commonly associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) This study has investigated the kinematic features of progressive micrographia during a repetitive writing task. Twenty four PD patients with duration since diagnosis of <10 years and 24 age matched controls wrote the letter "e" repeatedly. PD patients were studied in defined off states, with scoring of motor function on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III. A digital tablet captured x y coordinates and ink pen pressure. Customized software recorded the data and offline analysis derived the kinematic features of pen tip movement. The average size of the first and the last five letters were compared, with progressive micrographia defined as >10% decrement in letter stroke length. The relationships between dimensional and kinematic features for the control subjects and for PD patients with and without progressive micrographia were studied. Differences between the initial and last letter repetitions within each group were assessed by Wilcoxon signed rank test, and the Kruskal Wallis test was applied to compare the three groups. There are five main conclusions from our findings: (i) 66% of PD patients who participated in this study exhibited progressive micrographia; (ii) handwriting kinematic features for all PD patients was significantly lower than controls (p 0.05) (iii) patients with progressive micrographia lose the normal augmentation of writing speed and acceleration in the x axis with left to right writing and show decrement of pen tip pressure (p 0.034) (iv) kinematic and pen tip pressure profiles suggest that progressive micrographia in PD reflects poorly sustained net force; and (v) although progressive micrographia resembles the sequence effect of general bradykinesia, we did not find a significant correlation with overall motor disability, nor with the aggregate UPDRS III bradykinesia scores for the dominant arm.
Pour une histoire globale du monde atlantique ou des histoires connectees dans et au dela du monde atlantique?
Venue: Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales
Year: 2012

Resume L'article porte sur l'histoire atlantique qui a pris son essor en Amerique du Nord a partir des annees 1990. A partir d'une lecture critique de deux ouvrages majeurs, recemment parus, concernant ce nouveau courant historiographique, il expose les multiples debats qui divisent la communaute des atlanticistes quant a la maniere de conceptualiser le monde atlantique, de pratiquer l'histoire atlantique et d'envisager le devenir des etudes atlantiques. Il defend l'idee que le monde atlantique doit demeurer un cadre d'analyse et ne pas devenir l'objet meme d'etude. L'objectif est d'ecrire de la sorte une histoire situee qui, tout en tenant compte du point de vue de tous les acteurs concernes, mette l'accent sur la redefinition et la renegociation des enjeux et des rapports de pouvoir entre les individus, les groupes et les formations sociales et politiques dans ce monde interconnecte sous l'effet du projet colonialiste et imperialiste des Europeens.
Design of a wideband Dual Polarized Antenna for Base Station
Venue: 2019 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP)
Year: 2019

In this paper, a wideband dual polarized antenna for base station is proposed. The antenna consists of a reflector, a horizontal radiating patch, two Y shaped feeding structures and two coaxial cables. To increase the resonance modes, a nonuniform coupling chamfer is introduced. The bandwidth is widened by improving the shape of the edge of the antenna and etching the U shaped slot. The size of the antenna is 49.5mmx49.5mm. The antenna was manufactured and tested. The measured results show that the antenna operates from 1.7GHz to 3.7GHz with VSWR<2 (about 74.07% covering 2G band (1710MHz 1920MHz) 3G band (1880MHz 2170MHz) LTE band (2300MHz 2400MHz 2570MHz 2690MHz) and 5G band (3300MHz 3600MHz) A stable pattern and gain are achieved simultaneously in the entire operating band.
Flexible Thermoelectric Materials and Devices
Year: 2018

Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) can directly convert waste heat into electrical power. In the last few decades, most research on thermoelectrics has focused on inorganic bulk thermoelectric materials and corresponding devices, and their thermoelectric properties have been significantly improved. An emerging topic is flexible devices, where the use of bulk inorganic materials is precluded by their inherent rigidity. The purpose of this paper is to review the research progress on flexible thermoelectric materials and generators, including theoretical principles for TEGs, conducting polymer TE materials, nanocomposites comprised of inorganic nanostructures in polymer matrices and fully inorganic flexible TE materials in nanostructured thin films. Approaches for flexible TEGs and components are reviewed, and remaining challenges discussed.
A New Selective Document Image Encryption Using GMM EM and Mixed Chaotic System
Year: 2017

The selective image encryption technique protects only the region of interest in the image. The Proposed method aims at determining the significant region of the image by using clustering technique and protect it against security attacks. The Gaussian Mixture Model based Expectation and Maximization (GMM EM) clustering technique is applied here. The selected clustered region is subjected to both the confusion and diffusion, Confusion using 2D Ikeda chaotic map and Diffusion using 1D Quadratic map. The proposed work is extended for complete encryption of the image. The one level confusion using 2D Ikeda chaotic map and the two level diffusion are performed. The first level of diffusion uses 1DQuadratic map and the second level diffusion uses a small kernel. The proposed scheme is experimented for document images containing only the text, the text with image, the text fused with image and only the image. The experimental results reveal a higher degree of security of the image. The assessment parameters evaluates Peak Signal to Noise Ratio, Mean Square Error, Entropy, Correlation, Pixel change rate, Average change in intensity, Encryption time and Percentage of encryption. Results are then compared with existing methods ensuring a higher degree of security against static and dynamic attacks by the interceptor.
Resena de Dutrenit Bielous, Silvia, Diversidad partidaria y dictaduras: Argentina, Brasil y Uruguay
Year: 2018

Resena del libro, Diversidad partidaria y dictaduras: Argentina, Brasil y Uruguay, Dutrenit Bielous, Silvia, 1996, Mexico, Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. Jose Maria Luis Mora, 317 pp. ISBN 968 6914 41 2.
Activation of Thromboxane A2 Receptor (TP) Increases the Expression of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 (MCP 1)/Chemokine (C C motif) Ligand 2 (CCL2) and Recruits Macrophages to Promote Invasion of Lung Cancer Cells
Venue: PloS one
Year: 2013

Thromboxane synthase (TXAS) and thromboxane A2 receptor (TP) two critical components for thromboxane A2 (TXA2) signaling, have been suggested to be involved in cancer invasion and metastasis. However, the mechanisms by which TXA2 promotes these processes are still unclear. Here we show that TXA2 mimetic, I BOP, induced monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP 1)/chemokine (C C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) expression at both mRNA and protein levels in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells stably over expressing TP receptor a isoform (A549 TPa) The induction of MCP 1 was also found in other lung cancer cells H157 and H460 that express relatively high levels of endogenous TP. Using specific inhibitors of several signaling molecules and promoter/luciferase assay, we identified that transcription factor SP1 mediates I BOP induced MCP 1 expression. Furthermore, supernatants from I BOP treated A549 TPa cells enhanced MCP 1 dependent migration of RAW 264.7 macrophages. Moreover, co culture of A549 cells with RAW 264.7 macrophages induced expression of MMPs, VEGF and MCP 1 genes, and increased the invasive potential in A549 cells. These findings suggest that TXA2 may stimulate invasion of cancer cells through MCP 1 mediated macrophage recruitment.
Los fansubs: El caso de traducciones (no tan) amateur
Year: 2010

espanolEl proposito de este articulo es describir el funcionamiento de los fansubs y su evolucion en busca de la calidad en el proceso de subtitulacion y edicion. En la primera parte del articulo se introducen los conceptos, la historia y las practicas eticas y legales. La segunda cubre en profundidad el proceso de la traduccion, las caracteristicas del subtitulado y la cadena de trabajo. La tercera recoge algunos ejemplos visuales comparativos. El articulo termina con una reflexion sobre el trabajo de estos grupos y su evolucion. EnglishThe purpose of this paper is to describe the functioning of the so called fansubs and its evolution in search of the quality in the process of subtitling and editing. The first part of the article will introduce the main concepts, the history and the ethics and legality of fansubs. The second part covers in depth the translation process, the subtitling characteristics and the line of work. The third part gathers some comparative images. The paper concludes with a reflection on the work of these groups and its evolution.
TFHE: Fast Fully Homomorphic Encryption Over the Torus
Venue: Journal of Cryptology
Year: 2019

This work describes a fast fully homomorphic encryption scheme over the torus (TFHE) that revisits, generalizes and improves the fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) based on GSW and its ring variants. The simplest FHE schemes consist in bootstrapped binary gates. In this gate bootstrapping mode, we show that the scheme FHEW of Ducas and Micciancio (Eurocrypt, 2015 can be expressed only in terms of external product between a GSW and an LWE ciphertext. As a consequence of this result and of other optimizations, we decrease the running time of their bootstrapping from 690 to 13 ms single core, using 16 MB bootstrapping key instead of 1 GB, and preserving the security parameter. In leveled homomorphic mode, we propose two methods to manipulate packed data, in order to decrease the ciphertext expansion and to optimize the evaluation of lookup tables and arbitrary functions in \mathrm {RingGSW} RingGSW based homomorphic schemes. We also extend the automata logic, introduced in Gama et al. (Eurocrypt, 2016 to the efficient leveled evaluation of weighted automata, and present a new homomorphic counter called \mathrm {TBSR} TBSR that supports all the elementary operations that occur in a multiplication. These improvements speed up the evaluation of most arithmetic functions in a packed leveled mode, with a noise overhead that remains additive. We finally present a new circuit bootstrapping that converts \mathsf {LWE} LWE ciphertexts into low noise \mathrm {RingGSW} RingGSW ciphertexts in just 137 ms, which makes the leveled mode of TFHE composable and which is fast enough to speed up arithmetic functions, compared to the gate bootstrapping approach. Finally, we provide an alternative practical analysis of LWE based schemes, which directly relates the security parameter to the error rate of LWE and the entropy of the LWE secret key, and we propose concrete parameter sets and timing comparison for all our constructions.
Predictors of quality of life 1 year after minor stroke or TIA: a prospective single centre cohort study
Venue: BMJ Open
Year: 2019

In patients after a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke, dysfunction is often underestimated by clinical measures due to invisible symptoms, including cognitive and emotional problems. Many of these patients need stroke care programme, but others do not. In this study, we aim to identify potential predictors of quality of life (QoL) in patients with TIA or minor stroke 1 year poststroke to be able to select which of these patients will need aftercare.  Prospective observational cohort study. Setting Single centre hospital in the Netherlands. Participants 120 patients, diagnosed with TIA or minor stroke and discharged without rehabilitation treatment, completed the study. Primary and secondary outcome measures QoL (RAND 36) anxiety and depressive symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale) the degree of disability or functional dependence after stroke (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and symptoms of anxiety and depression specific to stroke (SSADQ) were assessed at baseline (2 6 weeks poststroke) and compared with follow up at 1 year poststroke.  Depression (B= 1.35, p<0.001) and anxiety (B= 0.57, p=0.041) at baseline predicted a worse mental component of QoL after 1 year. Depression (B= 1.100, p<0.001) at baseline, but also age (B= 0.261, p=0.002) and female sex (B=4.101, p=0.034) predicted a worse physical component of QoL after 1 year.  With the identification of these predictors, we might be able to select more efficiently and timely the patients with TIA or minor stroke who need stroke aftercare.
The Determinants of Household Consumption and Their Relation with the Equity Risk Premium
Year: 2013

This paper attempts to directly measure labor income risk diversification by observing the relation between the risk aversion implied by individual consumption and the stock market risk premium with a unique data set covering individual households in Japan. This is achieved by first showing that the correlation between the total consumption levels of individuals and the fraction of equity wealth held in proportion to total savings (as a proxy for liquid assets) has a relatively consistent relation. The sensitivity of total consumption with respect to equity holding as a fraction of total savings increases as the proportion of equity holding with respect to total savings increases. When the risk aversions implied by total consumption of households with different occupations (i.e. government workers and individual proprietors) are compared, the response to changes in the risk premium appear to affect the total consumption patterns of households differently depending on their labor income risk. Empirical results indicate that the risk aversion of the two types of households possess a statistically significant difference after running a pooled regression. This finding indirectly supports the luxury hypothesis proposed by Ait Sahalia et al. (2004) and the observation by Attanasio et al. (2002) that stock holders likely possess lower risk aversion levels; it also reveals the relations between individual consumption, the fraction of equity holding relative to total savings and the stock market risk premium. In addition, the total consumption changes are confirmed to be more sensitive to normalized wealth shocks generated from changes in the equity risk premium for individual proprietors as opposed to government workers. This supports the argument that the risk aversion of government workers is higher.
A comparative study of artificial cow and sheep rumen fermentation of corn straw and food waste: Batch and continuous operation.
Venue: The Science of the total environment
Year: 2020

To optimize the artificial rumen microorganism sources and develop a stable artificial rumen system, batch and continuous operation were investigated with corn straw and food waste as substrates. The batch trials evaluated the volatile fatty acid (VFA) yield, biogas production, and lignocellulose degradation efficiency. The continuous test evaluated the performance of the artificial cow and sheep rumen systems using a dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR) with a stepwise organic loading rate at mesophilic temperature. The anaerobic digestion (AD) of the lignocellulose biomass after rumen fermentation pretreatment and of the permeate from the artificial rumen system were also evaluated for CH4 production. The results indicated that the cow rumen microorganisms were more suitable than sheep rumen microorganisms for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment and maximized the CH4 yield through the AD process without inhibition. After approximately four months of continuous operation, a stable and continuous artificial rumen system for lignocellulosic biomass degradation was achieved with cow rumen fluid as inoculum. Based on analysis of the core lignocellulose degrading enzyme levels and gel filtration chromatography, the cow rumen microorganisms could secrete more extracellular multienzyme complexes to hydrolyze lignocellulosic biomass than the sheep rumen microorganisms in vitro. During the batch and continuous operations, a high diversity and similar richness of bacteria and fungi demonstrated that the cow rumen microorganisms can be used as a preferred inoculum for the artificial rumen system. The use of an artificial cow rumen system with a DMBR is a promising way to construct a stable and continuous artificial rumen system to biodegrade lignocellulosic biomass for biogas production.
Pure bending of simply supported circular plate of transversely isotropic functionally graded material
Year: 2006

This paper considers the pure bending problem of simply supported transversely isotropic circular plates with elastic compliance coefficients being arbitrary functions of the thickness coordinate. First, the partial differential equation, which is satisfied by the stress functions for the axisymmetric deformation problem is derived. Then, stress functions are obtained by proper manipulation. The analytical expressions of axial force, bending moment and displacements are then deduced through integration. And then, stress functions are employed to solve problems of transversely isotropic functionally graded circular plate, with the integral constants completely determined from boundary conditions. An elasticity solution for pure bending problem, which coincides with the available solution when degenerated into the elasticity solutions for homogeneous circular plate, is thus obtained. A numerical example is finally presented to show the effect of material inhomogeneity on the elastic field in a simply supported circular plate of transversely isotropic functionally graded material (FGM)
Evidence Based Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema
Venue: Seminars in ophthalmology
Year: 2017

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affects 415 million people worldwide. Despite treatment advances, diabetic eye disease remains a leading cause of vision loss worldwide. Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common cause of vision loss in diabetic patients. The pathophysiology is complex and involves multiple pathways that ultimately lead to central retinal thickening and, if untreated, visual loss. First line treatment of DME has evolved from focal/grid laser established by the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) to intravitreous pharmacologic therapy. Landmark prospective clinical trials examining the effect of intravitreous injections of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors in the treatment of DME have demonstrated improved visual outcomes over focal grid laser. This review focuses on the scientific evidence treatment of DME, disease pathophysiology, clinical disease course, current treatment standards, and emerging novel therapeutic approaches.
The Association Between Health Insurance Coverage and Skilled Birth Attendance in Ghana: A National Study
Venue: Maternal and Child Health Journal
Year: 2015

Skilled birth attendance (SBA) is a key health intervention used by roughly two thirds of women in Ghana. The National Health Insurance Scheme provided by the Government of Ghana is widely expected to improve maternal health outcomes by removing financial barriers to health services. In this paper, we examine if indeed health insurance is able to improve SBA, a key maternal outcome.  We use data from the 2011 Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey implemented by the Ghana Statistical Services with support from the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) We use a multivariate logistic model controlling for a number of enabling and predisposing factors and past experience with the health system to examine the effect of health insurance on skilled birth attendance. The sample is 2528 women.  Our results show that women with health insurance are 47 more likely to use SBA than women without health insurance. Results also underscore that women with repetitive contact with the health system (such as antenatal care) are more likely to have a skilled delivery (OR 3.00, p value 0.000) We also find that higher parity, rural and poor women are much less likely to use SBA.  Health insurance may indeed be a useful mechanism to improve coverage of SBA, though many barriers to delivery care still exist for women. Further work to understand the effect of health insurance on other maternal outcomes is also warranted.
LVDT demodulator based on amplitude detector
Venue: 2018 3rd International Conference on Control and Robotics Engineering (ICCRE)
Year: 2018

A circuit technique to demodulate a signal from a linear variable differential transducer (LVDT) is introduced in this paper. The proposed LVDT demodulator consists of the frequency doubler and the sample and hold circuit (SHC) The sum of two output signals of the LVDT is used as the reference signal instead of the excitation signal used in the traditional synchronous demodulators. The reference frequency is provided for the frequency doubler obtained by the phase locked loop (PLL) to generate the control signal for the SHC. The frequency doubler generates the control signal for the SHC to sample the LVDT signal at the peak position. As a result, the output signal from the SHC is accurately achieved and linearly proportional to the moving core of the LVDT. The realization technique determines the LVDT signal at one fourth period of the excitation signal. Therefore, the response time of the proposed circuit provides in a quarter of the excitation signal. The circuit configuration of the proposed scheme is simple and low cost. Performances of the proposed demodulator confirmed by experimental results are also included.