nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A synergistic use of microalgae and macroalgae for heavy metal bioremediation and bioenergy production through hydrothermal liquefaction
Year: 2019

In this investigation a novel synergistic approach for the bioremediation of metal contaminated water and bioenergy production was developed. Two microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris and Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) and two macroalgae, Ulva lactuca and Sargassum muticum, were used as passive bioremediation agents for the metals Ni(II) Zn(II) Cd(II) and Cu(II) The metals were added singularly and in combination between 10 150 mM. The metal contaminated biomass was then processed through hydrothermal liquefaction to yield four phases: a bio crude oil, an aqueous phase, solid residue and gas. Both C. vulgaris and A. platensis gave high bio crude yields of 39 and 31 wt% respectively, while U. lactuca and S. muticum gave 14% and 9% respectively. Initial studies demonstrated that the addition of up to 150 mM of the target metal sulfates to the biomass feedstock did not significantly affect bio crude production, and, for microalgae, over 99% of the target metals were partitioned to the solid phase products predominantly as phosphates or oxides. Subsequently, bioremediation of waste water and HTL were successfully coupled, with over 80% of a 10 mM solution of the metals biosorbed, though efficacy depended heavily on the algal species. Upon HTL of the remediating biomass, the yield and composition of the bio crude were not changed significantly. For the microalgae, the aqueous phase contained significant nitrogen, potassium and phosphate levels, and the majority of the target metals deposited in the solid phase, with over 99.5% metal recovery for Spirulina when all four metals were used. The macroalgal species were not as effective in this process, with limited phosphate recovery in the aqueous phase (albeit with extensive potassium recovery) and with less than 50% of the target metals depositing in the solid residue for the Ulva species examined, presumably due to the affinity of the metals to proteinous species rather than polysaccharide in this species. Combining microalgal bioremediation with hydrothermal liquefaction is therefore a potentially highly effective method of remediating contaminated waste waters, whilst a macroalgae based process may offer a cheaper alternative, albeit with substantially reduced efficacy. The recovery of the target metals and multiple product formation improves the economic viability of the process, thereby valorising the bioremediation process and subsidising environmental clean up.
214 Rhupus syndrome a case report and literature review
Venue: Lupus Science Medicine
Year: 2017

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune and inflammatory disease with multiple clinical manifestations including arthropathy. The severity of the articular involvement or deformity to an erosive deforming arthropathy with severe functional disability. In rare cases a severe, erosive and deforming arthropathy, clinically indistinguishable from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can be observed; this clinical entity is traditionally known as "Rhupus" It remains controversial whether Rhupus is a distinct entity, an overlap between SLE and RA or a serious articular involvement of SLE.   A 23 years old female presented with polyarthritis, vasculitis, and anaemia. She was having symmetrical inflammatory polyarthritis of both upper and lower limb for last 2 years and was having skin rash for last 1 year. She also gave history of recurrent oral ulcers, photosensitivity and alopecia. On Investigation, revealed anaemia, alopecia, oral ulcer, vasculitis and active synovitis of both elbows, wrists, hands, knees and ankle joints. Her report showed raised of inflammatory parameter, normochomic normocytic anaemia. Further work up showed positive result in RF and anti IgG. Also showed positive results on some antigens ANA profile. She was started on prednisolone, Metotrexate, folic acid, hydroxychloroquine, calcium, vitamin D and Natrium Diclofenac.  Rhupus Syndrome is a rare syndrome. Currently, Rhupus remains an entity not perfectly known, but the pathogenesis, the autoantibody positivity, the radiological manifestations and therapy all support the idea that it is really an overlap syndrome between SLE and RA, although its pathogenesis still remains to be fully understood
Pose et surveillance initiale de l'analgesie peridurale evaluation des pratiques professionnelles
Year: 2014

Objectifs L'objectif principal de notre etude etait d'observer les differentes pratiques professionnelles et de voir si elles etaient conformes au protocole de service de la pose et de la surveillance initiale de l'analgesie peridurale. Nos objectifs secondaires etaient de quantifier le pourcentage d'hypotension iatrogene post APD et le taux d'hypocinesie de frequence des contractions uterines post APD. Population et methode Cette etude est un audit des pratiques professionnelles, observationnel, prospectif et mono centrique sur 2 periodes de l'annee 2013/2014 a l'Hopital Couple Enfant de Grenoble. Trente et un professionnels ont ete observes au moment de la pose de l'analgesie peridurale et de sa surveillance initiale pendant la premiere heure. Le critere de jugement principal etait la conformite au protocole de service. Les criteres de jugement secondaires etaient les pourcentages d'hypotension et d'hypocinesie de frequence des contractions uterines post APD. Resultats Sur 31 evaluations, 26 etaient exploitables. Le taux de conformite sur l'ensemble du protocole etait de 23,1%.En ce qui concerne le materiel et la surveillance de la pose la conformite est de 100% Les criteres les moins conformes sont l'evaluation de la douleur par la sage femme en pre analgesie (50% de conformite) et le positionnement de la parturiente en DLG lors de l'induction et l'installation de l'analgesie (57,7% Le pourcentage des hypotensions iatrogenes observees etait de 15,4% elles sont survenues dans 75% des cas quand la parturiente etait en decubitus dorsal. Le pourcentage d'hypocinesie de frequence etait de 34,6% elles sont apparues apres un volume injecte de cristalloide superieur a 500 ml.  La pose de l'analgesie peridurale est partiellement conforme au protocole de service.
Sepsis induced acute kidney injury: A disease of the microcirculation
Venue: Microcirculation
Year: 2019

AKI is a common complication of sepsis and is significantly associated with mortality. Sepsis accounts for more than 50% of the cases of AKI, with a mortality rate of up to 40% The pathogenesis of septic AKI is complex, but there is emerging evidence that, at least in the first 48 hours, the defects may be functional rather than structural in nature. For example, septic AKI is associated with an absence of histopathological changes, but with microvascular abnormalities and tubular stress. In this context, renal medullary hypoxia due to redistribution of intra renal perfusion is emerging as a critical mediator of septic AKI. Clinically, vasopressor drugs remain the cornerstone of therapy for maintenance of blood pressure and organ perfusion. However, in septic AKI, there is insensitivity to vasopressors such as norepinephrine, leading to persistent hypotension and organ failure. Vasopressin, angiotensin II, and, paradoxically, a2 adrenergic receptor agonists (clonidine and dexmedetomidine) may be feasible adjunct therapies for catecholamine resistant vasodilatory shock. In this review, we outline the recent progress made in understanding how these drugs may influence the renal microcirculation, which represents a crucial step toward developing better approaches for the circulatory management of patients with septic AKI.
Arm fracture detection in X rays based on improved deep convolutional neural network
Venue: Comput. Electr. Eng.
Year: 2020

In this paper, a novel deep learning method is proposed and applied to fracture detection in arm bone X rays. The main improvements include three aspects. First, a new backbone network is established based on feature pyramid architecture to gain more fractural information. Second, an image preprocessing procedure including opening operation and pixel value transformation is developed to enhance the contrast of original images. Third, the receptive field adjustment containing anchor scale reduction and tiny RoIs expansion is exploited to find more fractures. In the experiments, nearly 4000 arm fracture X ray radiographs collected from MURA dataset are annotated by experienced radiologists. The experiment results show that the proposed deep learning method achieves the state of the art AP in arm fracture detection and it has strong potential application in real clinical environments.
Acute Ischemic Stroke as a Presenting Feature of COVID 19 in a Young Adult
Year: 2020

Coronavirus primarily affects the respiratory organ and results in respiratory symptoms. However, this newly emergent virus is not entirely known; therefore, not all symptoms are defined yet. Several reports have shown that the virus has a tendency to infect the central nervous system. In this report, we present a patient with COVID 19 and concurrent neurological presentation who was positive for lung CT scan and positive anti COVID 19 antibody.  A 35 year old man was admitted to the hospital with vertigo, ataxia and sudden loss of consciousness as the initial symptoms, with the diagnosis of cereberal infarction. Two weeks after the stroke, he developed intermittent fever and headache. Myalgia and dry cough added. Lung CT scan and positive anti COVID 19 antibody confirmed the COVID 19 infection as the definite diagnosis.  We recommend to follow up the patient and keep on taking atorvastatin and anti platelete medications (aspirin, plavix) beside risk factor evaluation in ischaemic stroke patients with COVID 19 infection. Also, early therapeutic anticoagulation with LMWH could be considered as a beneficial approach to reduce thromboembolism, but must be balanced against the risk of intracranial haemorrhage, including haemorrhagic transformation of the acute infarct.
Spatio Temporal Understanding and Representation of Transformative Urban Mobility and Trip Patterns, A Review.
Year: 2020

The rapid development in transport system monitoring provide planners and researchers with new opportunities to understand the trends of mobility patterns in urban areas, known as transformation of urban mobility. It brings businesses and cities together to implement system level integrated initiatives to conducting urban mobility and transport system toward a more efficient future. As a result, identification of the trip patterns and spatio temporal dependencies in urban areas requires a comprehensive understanding of high dimensional human mobility dynamics. These emerging trends need a framework to identify urban mobility patterns from a spatio temporal perspective that includes various visualized representation of mobility patterns and travel behaviour. The main purpose of this study is to investigate different data sources and methods used in the literature to obtain the proposed patterns in urban areas. The spatio temporal models evaluated in this review can be used in a wide range of mobility studies suggesting trip patterns and related variables are significantly affected by spatial and non spatial impacts.
Mn3O4 graphene hybrid as a high capacity anode material for lithium ion batteries.
Venue: Journal of the American Chemical Society
Year: 2010

We developed two step solution phase reactions to form hybrid materials of Mn(3)O(4) nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets for lithium ion battery applications. Selective growth of Mn(3)O(4) nanoparticles on RGO sheets, in contrast to free particle growth in solution, allowed for the electrically insulating Mn(3)O(4) nanoparticles to be wired up to a current collector through the underlying conducting graphene network. The Mn(3)O(4) nanoparticles formed on RGO show a high specific capacity up to ~900 mAh/g, near their theoretical capacity, with good rate capability and cycling stability, owing to the intimate interactions between the graphene substrates and the Mn(3)O(4) nanoparticles grown atop. The Mn(3)O(4)/RGO hybrid could be a promising candidate material for a high capacity, low cost, and environmentally friendly anode for lithium ion batteries. Our growth on graphene approach should offer a new technique for the design and synthesis of battery electrodes based on highly insulating materials.
Exploring sustainable post end of life of building operations
Venue: Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management
Year: 2019

The purpose of this paper is to explore the synergies between post end of life of building (PEoLB) concepts and operations to achieve sustainability.  A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted using 65 articles published between 2006 and 2017, and it has been subjected to descriptive and thematic analysis.  The descriptive analysis revealed that the majority of the articles were about (60 per cent) PEoLB operations, followed by (23 per cent) PEoLB concepts. Only 17 per cent of the articles have dealt with PEoLB related strategic approaches. The thematic analysis elaborated on the literature development; interrelationships between PEoLB concepts and operations; impediments of introducing sustainability on these operations, remedial measures and information based strategic approaches to achieve sustainability. Based on the findings, a conceptual framework for sustainable PEoLB operations is proposed. Furthermore, four areas of potential future research are discussed.  This study presents a future research agenda including best practices to plan PEoLB operations and the development of optimisation models, risk management and information based strategic approaches.  The proposed conceptual research framework triggers and nurtures potential pathways to introduce sustainable PEoLB operations under sound information flow. This could create a basis for future empirical studies in filling the identified gaps in literature. The framework could also assist practitioners in mitigating risks associated with transportation, storing and contamination of salvaged materials through enhanced information flow. In addition, the framework provides some managerial guidance to organisations seeking ways of establishing sustainability during reverse logistics (RL) operations.  This paper presents an SLR of an emerging area of research that encapsulates closed loop supply chain through sustainable RL operations. The study highlights the interrelationships between PEoLB concepts and operations. It develops a robust approach to effectively manage the PEoLB operations underpinned by a sound information flow to facilitate sustainability.
FORMULASI SEDIAAN PASTA GIGI DARI MINYAK ATSIRI KULITBATANG KAYU MANIS Cinnamomum burmanni DAN UJI AKTIFITASANTI BAKTERI STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS DAN STAPHYLOCOCCUSAUREUS
Year: 2016

Berdasarkan hasil persentasi di Indonesia karies gigi menjadi urutan tertinggi yaitu sebesar 45,68% dan termasuk ke dalam 10 besar penyakit yang diderita masyarakat Indonesia. Karies gigi adalah penyakit infeksi yang merusak struktur gigi, penyakit ini dapat menyebabkan gigi berlubang dan apabila tidak ditangani dapat menyebabkan nyeri, penanggalan gigi dan berbagai kasus berbahaya bahkan kematian. Pada karies gigi didominasi oleh bakteri Streptococus mutans dan Staphylococcus aureus. Salah satu tanaman herbal yang di teliti yaitu minyak atsiri kulit batang kayu manis (Cinnamommum burmanii BI) yang memiliki potensi menghambat bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan Staphylococcus aureus. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan unutuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri minyak atsiri kulit batang kayu manis dikembangkan menjadi pasta gigi dengan varian konsentrasi 5% 7,5% dan 10% yang berfungsi untuk mncegah timbulnya plak pada gigi. Minyak atsiri diperoleh dengan cara destilasi uap air sedangkan untuk uji aktivitas antibakterinya dengan metode difusi sumuran. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan pasta gigi yang mengandung minyak atsiri kulit batang kayu manis mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan Staphylococcus aureus, kemudian formulasi pasta gigi yang paling efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan Staphylococcus aureus adalah formulasi dengan konsentrasi 10%
Dose dependent effect of smoking on risk of coronary heart disease, heart failure and stroke in individuals with type 1 diabetes
Venue: Diabetologia
Year: 2018

hypothesisThe aim of this study was to assess the potential dose dependent effects of smoking on the risk of CHD, heart failure and stroke in individuals with type 1 diabetes.MethodsThe study included 4506 individuals with type 1 diabetes who were participating in the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy (FinnDiane) study. Intensity of smoking was estimated by packs per day and cumulative smoking by pack years. Cox regression analyses were used to estimate the risk of incident CHD, heart failure or stroke during follow up.ResultsOne pack per day significantly increased the risk of incident CHD in current smokers compared with never smokers (HR 1.45 [95% CI 1.15, 1.84] after adjustment for age, sex, HbA1c, hypertension, duration of diabetes and BMI. The risk of CHD in former smokers was similar to the risk in never smokers. The risk of incident heart failure was 1.43 (95% CI 1.03, 1.97) in current smokers per one pack per day and 1.37 (95% CI 1.05, 1.77) in former smokers, while the risk of incident stroke was 1.70 (95% CI 1.26, 2.29) and 1.49 (95% CI 1.14, 1.93) respectively. After further adjustments for lipids, however, the difference in the risk of heart failure in current and former smokers was no longer significant. Cumulative smoking data were similar to smoking intensity data. is a dose dependent association between smoking and cardiovascular disease in individuals with type 1 diabetes. In men in particular, the risk of incident stroke remains high even after smoking cessation and is increased in current and former smokers independently of other risk factors.
Aaron Avshalomov and New Chinese Music in Shanghai, 1931 1947
Year: 2017

In this article, I position Russian composer Aaron Avshalomov (1894 1965) within the pre 1949 Shanghai music community at a crucial juncture in modern China's cultural development. First, I examine Avshalomov's eclectic background and identity as Chinese acculturated foreigner, Russian Jewish immigrant, and multifaceted musician, which uniquely situated him among Shanghai's influential foreign artists for experimentation with new blends of Chinese and Western music from 1931 to 1947. Second, I discuss how this exploration facilitated his contribution to the forging of a new, "national" Chinese music. Third, I describe Avshalomov's musical style by offering examples of Chinese Western fusion composition. Finally, I demonstrate that Avshalomov was historically significant via the influence he had on Chinese musicians and through his foreshadowing of future musical developments. He thus serves as an individual exemplar of hybrid identity, creativity, and agency within a city and newly forming tradition that were also characteristically multivalent.
Risk Prediction of Emergency Department Revisit 30 Days Post Discharge: A Prospective Study
Venue: PloS one
Year: 2014

Among patients who are discharged from the Emergency Department (ED) about 3% return within 30 days. Revisits can be related to the nature of the disease, medical errors, and/or inadequate diagnoses and treatment during their initial ED visit. Identification of high risk patient population can help device new strategies for improved ED care with reduced ED utilization.  A decision tree based model with discriminant Electronic Medical Record (EMR) features was developed and validated, estimating patient ED 30 day revisit risk. A retrospective cohort of 293,461 ED encounters from HealthInfoNet (HIN) Maine's Health Information Exchange (HIE) between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2012, was assembled with the associated patients' demographic information and one year clinical histories before the discharge date as the inputs. To validate, a prospective cohort of 193,886 encounters between January 1, 2013 and June 30, 2013 was constructed. The c statistics for the retrospective and prospective predictions were 0.710 and 0.704 respectively. Clinical resource utilization, including ED use, was analyzed as a function of the ED risk score. Cluster analysis of high risk patients identified discrete sub populations with distinctive demographic, clinical and resource utilization patterns.  Our ED 30 day revisit model was prospectively validated on the Maine State HIN secure statewide data system. Future integration of our ED predictive analytics into the ED care work flow may lead to increased opportunities for targeted care intervention to reduce ED resource burden and overall healthcare expense, and improve outcomes.
Synthetic Literature: Writing Science Fiction in a Co Creative Process
Venue: CC NLG@INLG
Year: 2017

This paper describes a co creative text generation system applied within a science fiction setting to be used by an established novelist. The project was initiated as part of The Dutch Book Week, and the generated text will be published within a volume of science fiction stories. We explore the ramifications of applying Natural Language Generation within a cocreative process, and examine where the cocreative setting challenges both writer and machine. We employ a character level language model to generate text based on a large corpus of Dutch novels that exposes a number of tunable parameters to the user. The system is used through a custom graphical user interface, that helps the writer to elicit, modify and incorporate suggestions by the text generation system. Besides a literary work, the output of the present project also includes user generated meta data that is expected to contribute to the quantitative evaluation of the text generation system and the co creative process involved.