nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
PUNTOS CALIENTES Y FACTORES ASOCIADOS AL ATROPELLO DE AVES RAPACES EN UNA RUTA COSTERA DE LA ZONA SEMIARIDA DE CHILE CENTRAL
Year: 2020

The pressures of road infrastructure on wildlife are among the eleven main threats to biodiversity conservation. Birds are one of the most threatened groups, mainly through direct collisions with road traffic and the fragmentation of their habitats. We characterized the assem blage of raptors that were impacted on a coastal highway in central Chile and analyzed the possible relationship between areas with high impact density and some landscape variables. Between April 2016 and June 2017 we registered 86 raptor carcasses, nine species belonging to five different families, among which Tyto alba Milvago chimango, and Bubo virginianus were the birds with a higher frequency of road kills. These impacts were concentrated between February and April 2017. In the sections studied, we detected eight hot spots that included 37% of the impacts and found at least five variables related to these road kill hot spots: i) A larger surface covered with trees, ii) a small number of lighting poles, iii) sites closer to creeks, iv) road sections without curves, and v) double tracks would favor roadkills for these birds in the studied site. Additionally, collisions for the different species of raptors recorded in this study could be due to the availability of prey on the edges of the road, their foraging strategies, and the ecology of these birds, especially during breeding season.
MsLRR: A Unified Multiscale Low Rank Representation for Image Segmentation
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Year: 2014

In this paper, we present an efficient multiscale low rank representation for image segmentation. Our method begins with partitioning the input images into a set of superpixels, followed by seeking the optimal superpixel pair affinity matrix, both of which are performed at multiple scales of the input images. Since low level superpixel features are usually corrupted by image noise, we propose to infer the low rank refined affinity matrix. The inference is guided by two observations on natural images. First, looking into a single image, local small size image patterns tend to recur frequently within the same semantic region, but may not appear in semantically different regions. The internal image statistics are referred to as replication prior, and we quantitatively justified it on real image databases. Second, the affinity matrices at different scales should be consistently solved, which leads to the cross scale consistency constraint. We formulate these two purposes with one unified formulation and develop an efficient optimization procedure. The proposed representation can be used for both unsupervised or supervised image segmentation tasks. Our experiments on public data sets demonstrate the presented method can substantially improve segmentation accuracy.
Quantum versus classical generative modelling in finance
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

Finding a concrete use case for quantum computers in the near term is still an open question, with machine learning typically touted as one of the first fields which will be impacted by quantum technologies. In this work, we investigate and compare the capabilities of quantum versus classical models for the task of generative modelling in machine learning. We use a real world financial dataset consisting of correlated currency pairs and compare two models in their ability to learn the resulting distribution a restricted Boltzmann machine, and a quantum circuit Born machine. We provide extensive numerical results indicating that the simulated Born machine always at least matches the performance of the Boltzmann machine in this task, and demonstrates superior performance as the model scales. We perform experiments on both simulated and physical quantum chips using the Rigetti QCSTM platform, and also are able to partially train the largest instance to date of a quantum circuit Born machine on quantum hardware. Finally, by studying the entanglement capacity of the training Born machines, we find that entanglement typically plays a role in the problem instances which demonstrate an advantage over the Boltzmann machine.
Historia de la arquitectura y el urbanismo en bicicleta. Ibague, Colombia 2015 2017
Venue: Revista Tempo e Argumento
Year: 2019

Los modelos contemporaneos de educacion implican la conjuncion de varios factores como el aprendizaje simbolico, los habitos saludables, la disminucion de los niveles de contaminacion y la transformacion de las instituciones educativas para aproximar la academia a las realidades, de modo que se concreten en la transformacion de la sociedad y las ciudades. Para este proposito, se presenta el caso de las clases de historia de la arquitectura y urbanismo en bicicleta, desarrolladas en una ciudad colombiana intermedia, con las limitantes de ausencia de infraestructura y cultura ciclista. Se presentan reflexiones sobre la implementacion de esta metodologia de aprendizaje que permite motivacion, recuerdo, impacto urbano y activismo sobre las politicas publicas, con lo cual se generan espacios replicables en otras ciudades con estas mismas condiciones. Palabras clave: Bicieducacion.  Historia del Urbanismo. Historia de la Arquitectura. Pedagogia.
The first Early Jurassic (late Hettangian) theropod dinosaur remains from the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
Year: 2014

Body fossils of earliest Jurassic (Hettangian) dinosaurs are scarce worldwide. Here we report two isolated dinosaur remains from the marine upper Hettangian (the Schlotheimia angulata ammonite Zone) Luxembourg Sandstone Formation, collected at Brouch, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. The small to medium sized pedal phalanx III 1 is referred to a neotheropod dinosaur based on the combination of the following features: proximal end with a lateral margin formed by two straight margins meeting at a wide angle, distal end with a well defined semilunate extensor fossa and a proximodistally elongated shaft. The isolated tooth crown most likely belongs to an indeterminate theropod, because of its labiolingually compressed shape and the presence of sharp mesial and distal carinae and denticles along its distal edge. These remains represent the first Jurassic dinosaur specimens reported from the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, enlarging the meagre record of the group immediately after the Triassic Jurassic mass extinction event.
Quantitative X ray Tomography of the Mouse Cochlea
Venue: PloS one
Year: 2012

Imaging with hard X rays allows visualizing cochlear structures while maintaining intrinsic qualities of the tissue, including structure and size. With coherent X rays, soft tissues, including membranes, can be imaged as well as cells making use of the so called in line phase contrast. In the present experiments, partially coherent synchrotron radiation has been used for micro tomography. Three dimensional reconstructions of the mouse cochlea have been created using the EM3D software and the volume has been segmented in the Amira Software Suite. The structures that have been reconstructed include scala tympani, scala media, scala vestibuli, Reissner's membrane, basilar membrane, tectorial membrane, organ of Corti, spiral limbus, spiral ganglion and cochlear nerve. Cross sectional areas of the scalae were measured. The results provide a realistic and quantitative reconstruction of the cochlea.
Quantized compressive channel estimation for OFDM systems
Venue: 2015 IEEE China Summit and International Conference on Signal and Information Processing (ChinaSIP)
Year: 2015

Compressive sensing (CS) techniques have been shown to enhance the performance of sparse channel estimation. This paper addresses CS based sparse channel estimation in practical systems where the measurements are quantized to a finite number of bits. In these systems, quantization introduces two kinds of errors into the CS framework: quantization errors and saturation errors. To combat the effect of quantization error on estimating the sparse channel, a new complex valued cost function is formulated based on the quantization model. To minimize this cost function, a multi bit iterative hard thresholding algorithm is proposed. The channel estimate performance is evaluated by modeling the quantization error as white Gaussian noise. Our simulation results quantify the number of bits needed for our proposed quantized CS based sparse channel estimate to achieve satisfactory performance.
Having Supportive Social Relationships is Associated with Reduced Risk of Unrecognized HIV Infection Among Black and Latino Men who Have Sex with Men
Venue: AIDS and Behavior
Year: 2011

We examined the hypothesis that black and Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) who have supportive social relationships with other people are less likely to have unrecognized HIV infection compared with MSM of color who report lower levels of social support. We interviewed 1286 black and Latino MSM without known HIV infection in three metropolitan areas who were recruited using respondent driven sampling. Participants completed a computer administered questionnaire and were tested for HIV. Unrecognized HIV infection was found in 118 men (9.2% MSM who scored higher on the supportive relationship index had significantly lower odds of testing HIV positive in the study. The mediation analysis identified two possible behavioral pathways that may partially explain this association: men who had strong supportive relationships were more likely to have had a test for HIV infection in the past 2 years and less likely to have recently engaged in high risk sexual behavior. The findings illuminate the protective role of social relationships among MSM of color in our sample.
Effect of BESS Response on Frequency and RoCoF During Underfrequency Transients
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
Year: 2019

Battery energy storage system (BESS) services will be of great help when operating power systems at high renewable energy penetrations. This paper demonstrates the requirements for effective frequency and inertia services. Some system operators currently apply scalars to financially reward improved performance. This paper demonstrates a method of validating and improving these scalars by considering the delay time and ramp time of the BESS. The importance of the method used to measure the rate of change of frequency is discussed in the paper. While the rate of change of frequency services improves with reduced delivery times, limits are identified where further reductions produce a negligible impact. This demonstrates the tangible benefits of a rapid response, and that current technology could meet the criteria. A variety of BESS capacities are trialed, which demonstrate consistency in performance and the occurrence of diminishing returns
GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG SEKS BEBAS PADA MAHASISWA TINGKAT I TAHUN AJARAN 2013 2014 FAKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS RESPATI YOGYAKARTA
Year: 2017

Latar belakang: Survei Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja Indonesia (SKRRI) tahun 2012, menyatakan bahwa beberapa perilaku berpacaran remaja yang belum menikah sangat mengkhawatirkan. Sebanyak 29,5% remaja pria dan 6,2% remaja wanita pernah meraba atau merangsang pasangannya, 48,1% remaja laki laki dan 29,3% remaja wanita pernah berciuman bibir, 79,6% remaja pria dan 71,6% remaja wanita pernah berpegangan tangan dengan pasangannya. Terbatasnya pengetahuan remaja tentang kesehatan reproduksi seperti seks bebas seringkali mengarah pada tindakan seks pranikah. Hasil studi pendahuluan 3 dari 10 responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik, karena mereka mampu menjelaskan dengan baik 2 sampai 3 dari 4 pertanyaan yang diajukan. Tujuan Mengetahui bagaimana gambaran tingkat pengetahuan tentang seks bebas pada mahasiswa tingkat I Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi di Universitas Respati Yogyakarta. Metode: Penelitian dilaksanakan di Universitas Respati Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Pengambilan data dengan teknik proporsional random sampling pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa data dengan analisis univariat. Hasil Berdasarkan hasil analisis univariat tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi sebagian besar sedang (60,5% dengan karakteristik umur 22 tahun, berpengalaman seks bebas, dan sebagian besar sudah pernah mendapat informasi tentang seks bebas. Kesimpulan Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Tentang Seks Bebas Pada Mahasiswa Tingkat I Tahun Ajaran 2013 2014 Fakultas Sains Dan Teknologi Di Universitas Respati Yogyakarta sebagian besar dalam kategori sedang. Kata kunci Tingkat Pengetahuan,
Clinical Outcomes of Maxillary Anterior Postextraction Socket Implants with Immediate Provisional Restorations Using a Novel Macro Hybrid Implant Design: An 18 to 24 Month Single Cohort Prospective Study.
Venue: The International journal of periodontics restorative dentistry
Year: 2020

Extraction and immediate implant placement/restoration in the esthetic zone is clinically challenging; benefits include fewer surgical appointments and maintenance of peri implant soft tissues throughout the treatment period, and limitations include gingival recession and bone dehiscence during surgery. Macro hybrid implants (large diameter apical/narrow diameter occlusal) were placed in 19 patients immediately following the extraction of hopeless maxillary anterior teeth. Immediate restorations were fabricated without occlusal contacts. Pre and postplacement cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were taken. Nineteen implants were available for recall 13 to 25 months postoperatively. The overall implant cumulative survival rate was 100% (range: 13 to 25 months, mean: 19 months) and mean insertion torque value was 65 Ncm. Mean Pink Esthetic Score was 12.63 at 6 months, and was 13 at the 18 to 24 month follow up. Mean mesial and distal tooth to implant distances immediately after implant placement were 2.55 1.29 mm and 2.29 0.82 mm, respectively. Interproximal bone crest width, distance, and height were maintained at implant platforms, mesially and distally, 18 to 24 months postoperative. The results of this study indicated that the macro hybrid implant geometry for this immediate surgical/restorative protocol provided excellent and stable 2 year results relative to implant survival (100% labial plate thickness via CBCT evaluations, tooth to implant distances immediately post implant placement, PES, and interproximal bone crest width, distance, and heights, which were maintained at the implant platforms.
BAYESIAN UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION OF THE H O 2 OH O REACTION RATE
Year: 2011

We analyze the ignition delay in hydrogen oxygen combustion, and the important chain branching reaction H O2 OH O that occurs behind the shock waves in shock tube experiments. We apply a stochastic Bayesian approach (Beck et al. 1998 and Cheung et al. 2009) to quantify uncertainties in the theoretical model and experimental data. The approach involves a statistical inverse problem which has three "components" as input information: (a) the model, (b) a prior joint probability density function (PDF) of the uncertain parameters, and (c) the experimental data (Hong et al. 2010) The solution of this statistical inverse problem is a posterior joint PDF of the uncertain parameters. We consider uncertainties in reaction rates, gas temperature, experimental errors and physical modeling errors, and also perform parametric studies to investigate how the form of the total uncertainty affects these uncertainties. More importantly, we introduce the idea of "irreducible" uncertainty when considering other uncertain parameters involved in the system. We compare our estimated reaction rate with other values obtained using the deterministic approach (Pirraglia et al. 1989 and Masten et al. 1990) Our results show that a small uncertainty in gas temperature 3 K) introduces appreciable uncertainty in this reaction rate that can be as much as the reported uncertainty (Hong et al. 2010)
Academic Productivity Differences by Gender and Child Age in Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, and Medicine Faculty During the COVID 19 Pandemic.
Venue: Journal of women's health
Year: 2020

Due to the COVID 19 pandemic, most faculty in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM) began working from home, including many who were simultaneously caring for children. The objective was to assess associations of gender and parental status with self reported academic productivity before (i.e. mid January to mid March 2020) and during the pandemic (i.e. mid March to mid May 2020)  STEMM faculty in the United States (N 284, 67.6% women, 57.0% with children younger than the age of 18 years living at home) completed a survey about the number of hours worked and the frequency of academic productivity activities.  There was no significant difference in the hours worked per week by gender (men, M [standard deviation, SD] 45.8 [16.7] women 43.1 [16.3] Faculty with 0 5 year old children reported significantly fewer work hours (33.7 [13.9] compared to all other groups (No children 49.2 [14.9] 6 11 years old 48.3 [13.9] and 12 17 years old 49.5 [13.9] p 0.0001) Women's self reported first/corresponding author's and coauthor's article submissions decreased significantly between the two time periods; men's productivity metrics did not change. Faculty with 0 5 year old children completed significantly fewer peer review assignments, attended fewer funding panel meetings, and submitted fewer first authors' articles during the pandemic compared to the previous period. Those with children aged 6 years or older at home or without children at home reported significant increases or stable productivity.  Overall, significant disparities were observed in academic productivity by gender and child age during the pandemic and if confirmed by further research, should be considered by academic institutions and funding agencies when making decisions regarding funding and hiring as well as promotion and tenure.
Immediate Loading of Fixed Partial Dental Prostheses on Extra Short and Short Implants in Patients with Severe Atrophy of the Posterior Maxilla or Mandible: An Up to 4 year Clinical Study.
Venue: The International journal of oral maxillofacial implants
Year: 2020

The goal of this study was to evaluate the cumulative survival rate and marginal bone loss (MBL) of extra short (5 and 6 mm long) and short (6.5 mm long) implants inserted into severely atrophic, partially edentulous posterior maxillae and mandibles that were immediately restored with provisional fixed dental prostheses.  Between October 2013 and December 2017, partially edentulous patients with severe vertical bone atrophy in the posterior area in need of replacement of premolars and/or molars with fixed prostheses were enrolled in the study. Analysis of cumulative survival rate and MBL was determined with respect to implant length at the longest, biannual follow up period (38 10 months; range: 25 to 48 months)  Fifty five patients were included in the study. A total of 62 extra short (5 and 6 mm) 15 short (6.5 mm) and 69 standard length 10 mm) implants were immediately placed and loaded. Cumulative survival rates were similar for all implants (99.3% One mandibular extra short implant failed and was removed but was replaced 2 months later with another implant of the same length and diameter and successfully reloaded. Implant length did not impart any significant differences in MBL, though the presence or absence of platform switching was influential.  The cumulative survival rate and MBL reported in this study encourage the use of short and extra short implants to immediately restore with fixed prostheses partially edentulous patients with severe vertical bone atrophy in posterior areas. Thus, it could be an alternative treatment to vertical bone augmentation.
Ultra rapid screening for substance use disorders: the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST Lite)
Venue: Drug and alcohol dependence
Year: 2013

Screening Test (ASSIST 3.0; index test) is a structured interview for alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, stimulants, sedatives and opioid use disorders in general medical settings. Perceived administration time deters routine use. This study releases a short form: the ASSIST Lite.  Diagnostic accuracy study among 2082 adults recruited from general medical (70% and specialist mental health/addiction treatment services (22% Current DSM IV substance dependence (MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview) and moderate severe tobacco dependence (Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence Test) were reference standards. Exploratory factor and item response theory models re calibrated ordinal test items. Items for the ASSIST Lite were selected by diagnostic accuracy evaluation (area under the receiver operating characteristic [AUC] curve =0.7] sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values [PVP, NVP] kappa, likelihood ratios [LR+ LR and clinical utility index [CU+ CU RESULTS For each substance an item pair was selected (AUC [0.8 1.0] sensitivity [0.8 1.0] specificity [0.7 0.8] PVP [0.8 1.0] NVP [0.7 1.0] kappa [0.5 0.9] LR+ [2.5 5.9] LR [0.0 0.2] CU+ [0.7 0.9] and CU [0.5 0.8] Gender, age and recruitment setting (specialist mental health versus general medical) did not moderate accuracy, with the exception of opioids (AUC <0.7, participants =59 years) Male opioid users had more severe substance involvement scores that females (differential item functioning analysis, P=0.00) There was no evidence of differential accuracy between countries (AUC range, 0.8 1.0)  The ASSIST Lite is an ultra rapid screener which has been optimised for general medical settings. Optionally, a criterion question can be added to capture hazardous drinking, and to capture use of another type of mood altering substance.
Two case reports of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding from duodenal ulcers after Roux en Y gastric bypass surgery: Endoscopic diagnosis and therapy by single balloon or push enteroscopy after missed diagnosis by standard esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Venue: World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy
Year: 2017

The diagnosis and opportunity for endoscopic therapy of gastric or duodenal lesions may be missed at esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) because of technical difficulty in intubating at EGD the postoperatively excluded stomach and proximal duodenum in patients status post Roux en Y gastric bypass (RYGB) Two cases are reported of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding 10 or 11 years status post RYGB, performed for morbid obesity, in which the EGD was non diagnostic due to failure to intubate the excluded stomach and proximal duodenum, whereas subsequent push enteroscopy or single balloon enteroscopy were diagnostic and revealed 4 cm wide or 5 mm wide bulbar ulcers and even permitted application of endoscopic therapy. These case reports suggest consideration of push enteroscopy, or single balloon enteroscopy, where available, in the endoscopic evaluation of acute UGI bleeding in patients status post RYGB surgery when the EGD was non diagnostic because of failure to intubate these excluded segments.
Nutritional and Serum Biochemistry of the Edible Frog Hoplobatrachus occipitalis in Rivers State, Nigeria
Year: 2020

This paper investigated the proximate, minerals and serum biochemistry in Hoplobatrachus occipitalis. The proximate and selected minerals of edible frog Hoplobatrachus occipitalis were determined using standard analytical methods. The result showed that crude protein was 16.91% carbohydrate was 1.76% crude fibre 2.85% The fat was 4.96% ash content was 1.84% and moisture was 71.67% The selected mineral constituent recorded showed that sodium> iron> calcium potassium manganese. The nutritive serum biochemistry was determined in male and female species, the results revealed that both sexes have high nutritional profile suitable for human consumption; nevertheless, the female species have higher nutritional values than the males.