nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Rapid eye movement sleep time in dairy cows changes during the lactation cycle.
Venue: Journal of dairy science
Year: 2019

The importance of rest and sleep is well established; we know, for example, that lack of sleep impairs immune function in rats and increases pain sensitivity in humans. However, little is known about sleep in dairy cows, but a lack of rest and sleep is discussed as a possible welfare problem in cattle. A first step toward a better understanding of sleep in dairy cows is to quantify the time cows spend awake and asleep in different stages of lactation. Using electrophysiological recordings on 7 occasions in wk 2, 2, 7, 13, 22, 37, and 45 in relation to calving, we investigated changes in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep time as well as non rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, drowsing, awake, and rumination in 19 dairy cows of the Swedish Red breed kept in single pens with ad libitum access to feed and water. The recordings on wk 2 and 45 were conducted during the dry period, and all others during lactation. The PROC MIXED procedure in SAS (SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC) was used to test for significant differences in REM, NREM, drowsing, awake, and rumination between the different stages of lactation cycle. Pairwise comparisons between all recording occasions showed that total REM sleep duration was shorter for cows in wk 2 relative to calving compared with wk 2, and the number of REM sleep bouts were fewer in wk 2 compared with wk 2. The REM sleep was recorded during both the day (0500 2100 h) and night (2100 0500 h) but predominantly performed at night compared with daytime, and the bout duration was longer during nighttime compared with daytime. A tendency was observed for time spent in NREM sleep to be shorter in wk 2 relative to calving compared with wk 2. The duration spent drowsing was shorter for cows in wk 2 and 13 relative to calving compared with wk 2. We found no effect of stage of lactation cycle on the duration of awake or ruminating. Our study is the first to assess sleep distribution during a lactation cycle, and our results show that stage of lactation is important to consider when moving forward with sleep investigations in dairy cows. The shortest REM sleep duration was found for cows 2 wk after calving and longest 2 wk before calving, and the difference was due a higher number of REM sleep bouts in the recording 2 wk before calving. The REM sleep and rumination predominantly occurred at night but were recorded during both day and night.
Fiber Optic Fabry Perot Acoustic Sensor With Multilayer Graphene Diaphragm
Venue: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters
Year: 2013

A fiber optic Fabry Perot acoustic sensor with a ~100 nm thick multilayer graphene diaphragm is reported. Acoustic testing demonstrates a pressure induced deflection of 1100 nm/kPa and a noise equivalent acoustic signal level of 60 mPa/Hz1/2 at the frequency of 10 kHz. The sensor exhibits a flat frequency response from 0.2 to 22 kHz and may be useful for highly sensitive acoustic sensing.
Relationship of Smartphone Use Severity with Sleep Quality, Depression, and Anxiety in University Students
Venue: Journal of behavioral addictions
Year: 2015

The usage of smartphones has increased rapidly in recent years, and this has brought about addiction. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between smartphone use severity and sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in university students.  In total, 319 university students (203 females and 116 males; mean age 20.5 2.45) were included in the study. Participants were divided into the following three groups: a smartphone non user group (n 71, 22.3% a low smartphone use group (n 121, 37.9% and a high smartphone use group (n 127, 39.8% All participants were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory; moreover, participants other than those in the smartphone non user group were also assessed with the Smartphone Addiction Scale.  The findings revealed that the Smartphone Addiction Scale scores of females were significantly higher than those of males. Depression, anxiety, and daytime dysfunction scores were higher in the high smartphone use group than in the low smartphone use group. Positive correlations were found between the Smartphone Addiction Scale scores and depression levels, anxiety levels, and some sleep quality scores.  The results indicate that depression, anxiety, and sleep quality may be associated with smartphone overuse. Such overuse may lead to depression and/or anxiety, which can in turn result in sleep problems. University students with high depression and anxiety scores should be carefully monitored for smartphone addiction.
An ultra simple universal model for the effective elastic properties of isotropic 3D closed cell porous materials
Year: 2020

In this paper, effective elastic properties of the isotropic 3D closed cell porous materials are comprehensively investigated through finite element method simulations, theoretical formulations and experimental tests. 3D representative volume element models with randomly distributed non overlapping Voronoi structured voids of various porosities (from 0.01 to 0.99) are created to compute the effective bulk and shear moduli of the porous materials. An ultra simple universal model (USUM) is developed to predict the effective shear modulus covering the entire porosities. The effective Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of ultra simple form are then formulated. The findings show that the theoretical estimates agree well with the numerical results for all the effective elastic properties. The uniaxial compression tests are implemented on the specimens of 3D printed porous nylon to measure the effective Young's modulus. The results suggest that the theoretical predictions of the USUM agree very well with the effective Young's moduli of the porous materials, covering a wide range of porosity.
High fat diets impair spatial learning in the radial arm maze in mice
Venue: Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
Year: 2011

It has been suggested that hyperglycemia and insulin resistance triggered by energy dense diets can account for hippocampal damage and deficits of cognitive behaviour. We wonder if the impairment of learning and memory processes detected in diet induced obese (DIO) mice is linked to diet composition itself. With this purpose we have evaluated learning performance in mice undergoing a short term high fat (HF) treatment, which leads to a pre obese state characterized by increased adiposity without significant changes of glucose and insulin plasma levels. C57BL/6J mice were fed either a HF (45 kcal% from fat) or control diet (10 kcal% from fat) during 8 weeks. Learning performance was evaluated by using the four arm baited version of the eight arm radial maze test (RAM) Mice were trained to learn the RAM protocol and then memory was tested at different time points. Time spent to consume food placed in baited arms and errors committed to find them were measured in all sessions. DIO mice significantly spent more time in learning the task and made a greater number of errors than controls. Moreover, retention tests revealed that both working and total memory errors were also more numerous in DIO mice. The current results show that short term DIO impairs spatial learning and suggest that impairment of hippocampal learning elicited by HF diets might be perceptible before metabolic alterations linked to obesity develop.
Moisture re adsorption characteristics of hydrochar generated from the Co hydrothermal carbonization of PVC and alkali coal
Year: 2020

Our previous work reported to simultaneously remove the alkali and alkaline earth metals, and chlorine by co hydrothermal carbonization (co HTC) of high alkali coal and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (Fuel Process Technol, 199(2020)106277) This work is to investigate on the moisture re adsorption characteristics of those hydrochar obtained at various co HTC operating conditions. The results show that the water re adsorption capacity of hydrochar was decreased with the circumstance temperature rising from 20 degC to 35 degC, while it was increased with the air humidity increasing from 50% to 80% During the co HTC, the addition of PVC could effectively inhibit the moisture re adsorption behavior of hydrochar resulting from the adhere of the hydrophobic PVC to the surface of hydrochar as evidenced by SEM. The circumstance temperature had a significant influence on the effective diffusivity D over the humidity. The equilibrium moisture content (EMC) and effective diffusivity (D) could be linearly correlated with surface area and most probable pore size, respectively. The EMC of hydrochar was reduced about 0.6 mg/g as the BET surface area decreased 1 m2. The reduction of oxygen containing groups could reduce the adsorption equilibrium time and adsorption heat. Besides, the higher circumstance humidity would cause hydrochar to release higher adsorption heat. As the humidity was increased from 70% to 80% the heat released by 1 g hydrochar was increased about 13.82 19.63 kJ/mol. Due to the lower EMC and adsorption heat, 300 degC was supposed to be a suitable temperature for the co HTC to obtain hydrophobic hydrochar.
Serial interval of novel coronavirus (COVID 19) infections
Venue: International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Year: 2020

To estimate the serial interval of novel coronavirus (COVID 19) from information on 28 infector infectee pairs.  We collected dates of illness onset for primary cases (infectors) and secondary cases (infectees) from published research articles and case investigation reports. We subjectively ranked the credibility of the data and performed analyses on both the full dataset (n 28) and a subset of pairs with highest certainty in reporting (n 18) In addition, we adjust for right truncation of the data as the epidemic is still in its growth phase.  Accounting for right truncation and analyzing all pairs, we estimated the median serial interval at 4.0 days (95% credible interval [CrI] 3.1, 4.9) Limiting our data to only the most certain pairs, the median serial interval was estimated at 4.6 days (95% CrI: 3.5, 5.9)  The serial interval of COVID 19 is close to or shorter than its median incubation period. This suggests that a substantial proportion of secondary transmission may occur prior to illness onset. The COVID 19 serial interval is also shorter than the serial interval of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) indicating that calculations made using the SARS serial interval may introduce bias.
DESIGN OF ENERGY EFFICIENT APPROXIMATE MULTIPLIERS FOR IMAGE PROCESSING APPLICATIONS
Year: 2021

This research paper presents the design of two 8x8 approximate multipliers based on novel approximate 3:2 and 2:2 compressors. The proposed multipliers are derived based on Wallace multiplier architecture and herein referred to as the proposed 'approximate Wallace multiplier' (AWM) The performance of these proposed AWMs has been assessed and analyzed in terms of 'Design Metrics' (DMs) such as power, delay, 'power delay product' (PDP) and area. Further, a performance comparison of AWMs has been carried out against 6 other multipliers designed based on reported approximate 3:2 compressors. To extract these DMs, all the multipliers under consideration have been described using Verilog code and synthesized using Cadence's 'RTL Compiler' (RC) tool using a 180 nm standard cell library. The synthesis results show that the proposed AWMs accomplish an excellent performance in terms of DMs. Further, the AWMs along with other designed Wallace multipliers, based on reported approximate compressors have been compared, under image processing application in terms of 'peak signal to noise ratio' (PSNR) The comparison results show that the proposed multipliers have a better PSNR (more than 50 dB)
Statistical versus Distance Based Meta Features for Clustering Algorithm recommendation Using Meta Learning
Venue: 2018 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)
Year: 2018

When a Machine Learning algorithm is applied to a dataset, the predictive performance of the algorithm depends on how suitable its bias is to the the data distribution in the dataset, which leads researchers to create a large number of algorithms. The recommendation of the most suitable algorithm for a new dataset can occur by trial and error, trying a large number of algorithms with distinct bias. However, this approach usually has a high computational cost. This cost could be reduced if the most suitable algorithm(s) could be recommended. Meta learning has been successfully used for recommendation of the best Machine Learning algorithm in several Machine Learning tasks. Meta learning can rank algorithms according to their adequacy for a new dataset and use this ranking to recommend the algorithms to be used. As the recommended ranking is based on dataset features, dataset characterization (using meta features) is of crucial importance for the successful use of meta learning. Clustering is one of the main application of Machine Learning algorithms, however few works investigate the use of meta learning for the recommendation of clustering algorithms. Moreover, the existing works use a poor methodology for the evaluation of the algorithm recommendation method and a small number of datasets. This paper proposes a comparison between two types of meta features for clustering algorithm recommendation using meta learning. Experimental results show in which situations the use of each type of meta features is more suitable.
Anemia and Microvascular Complications in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Venue: Nephro urology monthly
Year: 2014

Although chronic kidney disease induced anemia is more prevalent in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) anemia is a common finding prior to manifestation of kidney disease. In presence of some risk factors at the time of diagnosing DM, microvascular complications must be considered. The effect of anemia as a risk factor on progression of DM complications is still unclear.  The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and its association with microvascular complications in patients with type 2 DM.  This cross sectional study was performed in the outpatient endocrinology clinic at Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Study was done from February 2011 to February 2012. Patients with type 2 DM without any obvious symptom or sign of anemia were included in study.  A total of 93 patients (30.4% had anemia including 46 (15.1% with normochromic normocytic, 44 (14.4% with hyperchromic microcytic, and 3 (1% with hyperchromic macrocytic anemias. There was a positive correlation between duration of DM and anemia. Microvascular complications were more frequent with normocytic or microcytic anemias. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was higher in patients without anemia; moreover, nephropathy was less frequent among them. Among patients with anemia, 43% had GFR of more than 90 mL/min and 19.4% had normoalbuminuria. Neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy had strong association with anemia (odds ratio of 1.99, 1.7, and 1.5, respectively)  Anemia is a common complication of DM and is associated with duration of disease and microvascular complications.
La liaison de l'adjectif sur le nom en francais morphologie, syntaxe, phonologie
Year: 2011

La liaison de l'adjectif sur le nom en francais releve pour l'essentiel de la morphologie et de la syntaxe. Seules etudiees ici, les formes de liaison du masculin singulier (FLMS) constituent l'un des elements du paradigme flexionnel de l'adjectif. Un adjectif peut etre defectif a la FLMS ou prendre une FLMS suppletive. Les formes regulieres, quant a elles, resultent de l'interaction de deux contraintes partiellement contradictoires une FLMS doit, autant que faire se peut, 1) recourir au theme utilise au masculin et 2) se terminer par une consonne. D'ou, en cas de conflit, diverses strategies consistant a retenir le theme utilise au feminin (ex. SOT, FLMS: /sat/ a privilegier le theme du masculin (ex. SOT, FLMS /so/ ou a munir ce dernier de la consonne finale du theme du feminin (ex. SOT, FLMS /sot/ Les FLMS sont choisies non pas en vue de fournir une attaque a la syllabe initiale du nom qui suit, mais simplement selectionnees par une classe de noms declencheurs de liaison qui ne se laisse pas definir en termes purement phonologiques. Les " liaisons a distance " que l'on observe lorsque deux adjectifs coordonnes sont preposes au nom (cf. un bel et charmant enfant) meme quand la conjonction commence par une consonne (cf. un bel, mais chetif, enfant) montrent suffisamment que la selection des FLMS est une operation syntaxique et non phonologique. Ce sont aussi des contraintes syntaxiques qui expliquent la repartition des cas d'enchainement et de non enchainement lorsque l'adjectif est separe du nom par une rupture intonative et une pausule (cf. j'en ai un petit, t elephant vs j'en ai un bel, elephant) Dans ce contexte, l'adjectif devrait apparaitre a la fois sous sa forme liee en tant qu'il est prenominal et sous sa forme libre devant la rupture intonative. Dans tous les cas, c'est la FLMS qui est selectionnee, mais, lorsque celle ci inclut strictement la forme libre (cas de /patit/ forme libre /pati/ l'enchainement permet de satisfaire en meme temps la contrainte requerant la presence de la forme libre devant la rupture intonative. Ces enchainements ne sont en aucun cas l'indice d'un statut special phonologique ou morphologique des " consonnes de liaison " Curieusement, on constate toutefois qu'au sein des coordinations adjectivales, la phonologie joue a l'occasion un role dans la selection des FLMS celles ci sont proportionnellement moins nombreuses devant consonne que devant voyelle, mais plus nombreuses quand leur presence permet d'eviter un double hiatus.
The combined effects of acute irradiation and food supply on survival and fertility in Daphnia magna.
Venue: Journal of environmental radioactivity
Year: 2019

The results of recent studies have provided strong evidence for the combined effects of diet restriction and exposure to chemical on the survival and reproduction of aquatic organisms. However, the combined effects of diet restriction and exposure to ionizing radiation remain poorly understood. To establish whether parental irradiation and diet restriction can affect the survival and fertility of directly exposed crustaceans and their progeny, Daphnia magna were given 10, 100 and 1000 mGy of acute g rays either during chronic diet restriction or normal food supply.  Daphnia and their first generation progeny, but did not affect the second generation progeny. Similarly acute exposure to 100 and 1000 mGy also significantly compromised the fertility of F0 and F1Daphnia and did not affect the F2 generation. Low level of food supply compromised the viability of non exposed and irradiated Daphnia, whereas their fertility was substantially affected by all diets. The dose response for the effects of irradiation on viability and fertility of Daphnia received different food supply were practically similar, thus implying that the level of nutrition and acute exposure to ionizing radiation independently affect the life history traits in crustacean.
Abrege de biochimie appliquee
Year: 2020

L'ouvrage est un outil clair destine a un public varie possedant des connaissances de base de biochimie generale. Il fait le lien vers les materiaux d'origine biologique, les technologies de transformation bio et bon nombre d'applications industrielles on debute avec les substances pour aboutir aux applications. Cette nouvelle edition est tres enrichie par rapport a la precedente qui a rencontre un vif succes, par exemple avec les metabolites des microalgues et des Cyanobacteries, l'hemoglobine, les produits laitiers, la gelatine, les antibiotiques, les extremozymes, les cultures cellulaires. Un glossaire et un index completent le livre. Le lecteur, non seulement connaitra un sujet, un produit, mais aussi pourra acquerir une technique. Le site web compagnon en libre acces propose de nombreux complements d'information, des exercices corriges permettant l'autoevaluation, un lexique francais anglais, une webographie, des tableaux de donnees. Le pap ebook permet une grande variete d'utilisations. L'ouvrage, sans equivalent en langue francaise, est destine aux etudiants des IUT, BTS, CPGE, licences pro, licences et masters de biologie et de sciences en lien avec le vivant. Les enseignants, chercheurs, professionnels de l'industrie et des bureaux d'etudes utiliseront cet outil qui leur est adapte.
A bioinspired autonomous swimming robot as a tool for studying goal directed locomotion
Venue: Biological Cybernetics
Year: 2013

The bioinspired approach has been key in combining the disciplines of robotics with neuroscience in an effective and promising fashion. Indeed, certain aspects in the field of neuroscience, such as goal directed locomotion and behaviour selection, can be validated through robotic artefacts. In particular, swimming is a functionally important behaviour where neuromuscular structures, neural control architecture and operation can be replicated artificially following models from biology and neuroscience. In this article, we present a biomimetic system inspired by the lamprey, an early vertebrate that locomotes using anguilliform swimming. The artefact possesses extra and proprioceptive sensory receptors, muscle like actuation, distributed embedded control and a vision system. Experiments on optimised swimming and on goal directed locomotion are reported, as well as the assessment of the performance of the system, which shows high energy efficiency and adaptive behaviour. While the focus is on providing a robotic platform for testing biological models, the reported system can also be of major relevance for the development of engineering system applications.
PERPUSERU SEBAGAI PROGRAM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DI PERPUSTAKAAN NGUDI KAWRUH DESA REJOSARI BARAT KECAMATAN TERSONO KABUPATEN BATANG
Year: 2017

Penelitian ini berjudul "PerpuSeru sebagai Program Untuk Meningkatkan Potensi dan Kompetensi Masyarakat di Perpustakaan Ngudi Kawruh Desa Rejosari Barat Kecamatan Tersono Kabupaten Batang" Program ini merupakan Program pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dibentuk oleh Coca cola Foundation Indonesia bekerjasama dengan Perpustakaan Desa dan TBM untuk menjadikan Perpustakaan sebagai pusat belajar berbasis Teknologi Informasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran Program PerpuSeru dalam meningkatkan potensi dan kompetensi serta mengetahui penyebab non aktifnya kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat setelah Program PerpuSeru diapresiasi oleh pihak CCFI maupun masyarakat Rejosari Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan penelitian fenomenologi. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah dengan purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Program PerpuSeru mampu meningkatkan potensi diri dan kompetensi masyarakat berupa penerapan teknologi informasi. Namun sayangnya Program PerpuSeru harus terhenti karena terkendala dengan pengelolaan yang kurang bersinergi di dalam organisasi Perpustakaan Ngudi Kawruh Desa Rejosari Barat. Di sisi lain, masyarakat belum mampu memacu secara mandiri untuk selalu meningkatkan potensi dan kompetensi diri.