nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Entering the 'post shame era':the rise of illiberal democracy, populism and neo authoritarianism in EUrope
Year: 2019

The term 'illiberal democracy' coined by Fareed Zakaria in 1997, has gained much traction, specifically since its use by Hungarian Prime Minster Victor Orban in 2014. Ever since, Orban and his governing party Fidesz have been implementing this vision resulting in major cutdowns on free speech, freedom of press, of various NGOs which support human rights, and so forth. Moreover, Fidesz won the 2018 national election with a strong focus on antiimmigration policies. Although Orban's restrictive migration policies were widely criticised during the so called refugee crisis 2015, many EU member states have started to follow the Hungarian policy of closing borders and protecting the EU from asylum seekers and an alleged invasion by Muslims. Hence, I claim that formerly taboo subjects and expressions in mainstream discourse are being accepted more and more 'normalisation' Such normalisation goes hand in hand with a certain 'shamelessness' the limits of the sayable are shifting regarding both the frequency of lies and the violating of discourse conventions as well as regarding repeated attacks on central democratic institutions. Normalising the assessment of migrants as a threat to inner security and a burden on the welfare state and education system must be perceived as an international development generally instrumentalising a 'politics of fear'
Elevate embedded real time programming with a synchronous language
Venue: MEMOCODE
Year: 2017

Product development at companies such as Bosch requires systems engineering for digital hardware and mechatronic components as well as software engineering for resource constrained real time applications cooperating with distributed server applications. While many of the involved engineering disciplines greatly benefit from model based approaches and from advances in software infrastructures, deeply embedded software still is written in C since the seventies and runs on platforms designed in the nineties (e.g. OSEK) Simulation tools like Simulink or Modelica are used to test discrete code against continuous plant models or to generate code for certain aspects, but they do not really provide modern implementation technologies to address software architecture and qualities or to make embedded programming "attractive" for software professionals. We regard synchronous languages as suitable to solve many of the issues in the integration (causality) and synchronisation (clocks) of time triggered and event triggered embedded functions that exhibit their behaviour over time steps and are coordinated according to their mode switching in a structured synchronous control flow. Searching for an imperative synchronous language (with deterministic concurrent composition, and synchronous control flow) equipped with features for encapsulation and composition (objects, packages, separate compilation) and supporting programming parallel tasks deployed to separate cores (clock refinement and deterministic inter task communication) we ended up in designing our own language, suitable for resource constrained, real time applications running on multi core controllers. We will explain the main requirements and features of this language, how they integrate with the principles of a synchronous language, how they can be applied to typical everyday problems in embedded development, and how such locally synchronous services may integrate in a globally asynchronous service architecture.
Anonymous voting for multi dimensional CV quantum system*
Year: 2016

We investigate the design of anonymous voting protocols, CV based binary valued ballot and CV based multi valued ballot with continuous variables (CV) in a multi dimensional quantum cryptosystem to ensure the security of voting procedure and data privacy. The quantum entangled states are employed in the continuous variable quantum system to carry the voting information and assist information transmission, which takes the advantage of the GHZ like states in terms of improving the utilization of quantum states by decreasing the number of required quantum states. It provides a potential approach to achieve the efficient quantum anonymous voting with high transmission security, especially in large scale votes.
Necessarily Dissimilar
Venue: Unsaying God
Year: 2019

In the centuries following al Kindi, Muslim philosophers developed a coherent family of apophatic theological positions on the divine essence and its accessibility. The recurring aspects of this philosophical apophaticism were (1) a negative theology of divine attributes that reads them as negations, (2) the unknowability of the divine essence, closely connected with an Aristotelian version of the Neoplatonic distinction between discursive thought [dianoia] and non discursive intellection [noesis] (3) the necessary dissimilarity of God as the first cause of everything else, and (4) a philosophical hermeneutics that protects divine oneness and dissimilarity. Most of these aspects were established in conversation with the Mu'tazilites. As early as al Kindi, Muslim philosophers adopted such a philosophical apophaticism of the divine nature, which later would take diverse forms, while preserving strategic resemblances.
Manual de literatura infantil y juvenil, guia libertaria de lecturas para ninos
Year: 2017

Este manual esta destinado principalmente a estudiantes de Magisterio y maestros de Educacion Infantil y Educacion Primaria que quieran salirse del curriculo, redisenar la materia de Lengua y Literatura, ampliar sus referencias y fomentar el pensamiento critico y creativo en el aula. Pretende ser tambien una guia de lecturas para ninos, maestros, bibliotecarios, mediadores y libreros, pero una guia "libertaria" porque defiende la idea de que la imaginacion la literatura es el dominio de la absoluta libertad y debe ser incorporada a la educacion como herramienta imprescindible de trabajo y reflexion a la hora de formar ciudadanos en una sociedad democratica. El cuidado del medioambiente y el planeta, la lentitud en el aprendizaje y en la vida, la igualdad de genero, la multiculturalidad e interculturalidad, la diversidad afectivo sexual o la integracion de las capacidades diferentes tienen un espacio privilegiado en esta guia de valores civicos y esteticos. En suma, la fantasia, como pauta educativa y revulsivo, consiste en la admision de lo desconocido y abre caminos revolucionarios orientados hacia la tolerancia y el respeto, la innovacion, la cooperacion y la adaptacion al cambio de los tiempos y las mentalidades. Solo si tenemos en cuenta estas variables y renovamos la mirada, podremos despertar a la emocion y el placer de la lectura, atravesar el espejo y aunar realidad educativa e imaginacion critica. Maria Jose Bruna Bragado es profesora titular del Departamento de Literatura Espanola e Hispanoamericana de la Escuela Universitaria de Educacion y Turismo de la Universidad de Salamanca.
"Enemies at home" race, citizenship, and the roots of Japanese American internment policy
Year: 2012

On February 19, 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, authorizing the mass incarceration of some 110,000 Japanese Americans and aliens from the West Coast, southern Arizona, and Hawaii. About two thirds of those interned were American citizens; most of the others were longtime residents of the United States prohibited from becoming naturalized because of their "race." Mainstream interpretations assert that the internment was a hasty decision made in the racist hysteria that eruptedafter Japan's December 7, 1941, attack on Pearl Harbor. This perception maintains that the public's long held animosity toward Japanese in America, exacerbated by war hysteria, influenced West Coast pressure groups, media, and military and political leaders to implore federal officials in Washington for the mass incarceration, and the federal government eventually succumbed. This paper addresses questions, raised by primary research, that challenge this interpretation. If the impetus for the internment came from West Coast grassroots after Pearl Harbor, then why had federal officials considered this option long before December 7, 1941? If the impetus stemmed from a regional effort to rid the West Coast of people of Japanese descent, why did the federal government effect the internment of Japanese not only on the West Coast, but from throughout the Western Hemisphere?
A modeling study on utilizing SnS2 as the buffer layer of CZT(S, Se) solar cells
Year: 2018

CdS is conventionally used as the n type buffer layer in chalcopyrite (CIG(S, Se) and Kesterite (CZT(S, Se) solar cells. CdS is toxic and there are wide attempts to find substitutes for it. Here, we suggest SnS2 as a possible alternative. SnS2 films were deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) characterized to estimate carrier concentration and electron affinity values, and the obtained values were used to model a CZT(S, Se) solar cell. The experimental values of a benchmark CZT(S, Se) cell with efficiency of 12.3% were employed to obtain the density and energy position of defects in CZT(S, Se) and validating the model. We observed that SnS2 results in almost identical performance as CdS, showing slightly better current density, due to smaller conduction band offset of 0.21 eV compared to 0.28 eV for CdS.
Fine mapping and molecular marker development of anthocyanin absent, a seedling morphological marker for the selection of male sterile 10 in tomato
Venue: Molecular Breeding
Year: 2016

Seedling morphology plays an important role in plant breeding via marker assisted selection. The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) mutant, anthocyanin absent (aa) presents a green hypocotyl during the seedling stage. This trait has been utilized in marker assisted selection of male sterile 10 (ms 10) at the seedling stage because their corresponding loci are closely linked on chromosome 2. However, the genetic basis of aa has not been ascertained to date. In the present study, aa was fine mapped to a 96.3 kb region on chromosome 2 that contained 14 putative genes. Thereinto, Solyc02g081340, which encodes a putative glutathione S transferase, was thereby designated SlGSTAA. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that SlGSTAA was closely related to PhAN9, which is required for anthocyanin sequestration in petunia (Petunia hybrida) Real time quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis showed that the expression of the SlGSTAA gene was barely detected in aa mutants. Sequencing revealed that there was a 3.4 kb deletion in the aa region, where the SlGSTAA gene was apparently deleted. A codominant insertion/deletion marker was developed in line with the deletion to differentiate homozygous wild type, heterozygous, and homozygous aa mutant genotypes. The findings of the present study may facilitate the functional analysis of the SlGSTAA gene and marker assisted selection of aa and ms 10 in tomato.
From Bernstein's rheotome to Neher Sakmann's patch electrode. The action potential
Venue: Physiological reports
Year: 2019

The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the most important stages in the development of cellular electrophysiology. The period covered starts with Bernstein's formulation of the membrane hypothesis and the measurement of the nerve and muscle action potential. Technical innovations make discoveries possible. This was the case with the use of the squid giant axon, allowing the insertion of "large" intracellular electrodes and derivation of transmembrane potentials. Application of the newly developed voltage clamp method for measuring ionic currents, resulted in the formulation of the ionic theory. At the same time transmembrane measurements were made possible in smaller cells by the introduction of the microelectrode. An improvement of this electrode was the next major (r)evolution. The patch electrode made it possible to descend to the molecular level and record single ionic channel activity. The patch technique has been proven to be exceptionally versatile. In its whole cell configuration it was the solution to measure voltage clamp currents in small cells.
The ABCs of depression: integrating affective, biological, and cognitive models to explain the emergence of the gender difference in depression.
Venue: Psychological review
Year: 2008

In adulthood, twice as many women as men are depressed, a pattern that holds in most nations. In childhood, girls are no more depressed than boys, but more girls than boys are depressed by ages 13 to 15. Although many influences on this emergent gender difference in depression have been proposed, a truly integrated, developmental model is lacking. The authors propose a model that integrates affective (emotional reactivity) biological (genetic vulnerability, pubertal hormones, pubertal timing and development) and cognitive (cognitive style, objectified body consciousness, rumination) factors as vulnerabilities to depression that, in interaction with negative life events, heighten girls' rates of depression beginning in adolescence and account for the gender difference in depression.
The design and implementation of intelligent pressure transmitter based on MSP430F448
Year: 2012

In order to compensate the temperature error and nonlinearity of piezoresistive sensor,an idea of intelligent pressure transmitter based on embedded microprocessor MSP430F448 and Levenberg Marquardt algorithm training artificial neural network is introduced.The system structure and theory of intelligent compensation are the important points of the paper.It is shown that the analog output of sensor has excellent linearity and the accuracy reaches 0.26%
A national eHealth vision developed by University Medical Centres: A concept mapping study
Venue: Int. J. Medical Informatics
Year: 2020

EHealth solutions are envisaged to contribute significantly to a sustainable healthcare system. Between 2016 and 2018 the eight Dutch University Medical Centers (UMCs) received Dutch Government's funding to undertake research into the clinical impact, cost effectiveness and ethical consideration of eHealth. The UMCs collaborated within the consortium 'Citrien fund (CF) program eHealth' and found that, in order to increase the value of eHealth in routine care, a national vision on eHealth developed by the UMCs was warranted.  The objective of this paper was to elucidate the process of the 'Netherlands Federation of UMCs (NFU) eHealth vision' development by describing the results of the performed concept mapping study.  A concept mapping approach was followed. Sixteen members of the steering committee of the CF program eHealth were selected as participants. First, each member selected relevant objectives from the eight individual UMC eHealth vision documents, which was to be incorporated into the overall 'NFU eHealth vision' Second, objectives were rated for necessary to be included in the vision document and the need to achieve the objective within five years. Thereafter, the objectives were sorted into self created thematic clusters. And finally, the concept map with the thematic clusters and corresponding objectives was discussed with the steering committee to determine the major themes of the 'NFU eHealth vision' RESULTS 38 objectives were determined by the steering committee and grouped into the following 6 thematic clusters on the concept map: 'patient participation and empowerment' 'infrastructure' 'education and research' 'multi disciplinary care' 'organisational restructuring' and 'essential conditions for development of eHealth solutions' After discussing the concept mapping results with the steering committee, the following five major themes were determined to be addressed in the vision document: 'patient and caregiver' 'research and innovation' 'education' 'organisation of care' and 'essential conditions for development of eHealth solutions' CONCLUSION Concept mapping was successfully applied to conceptualise the different values and opinions of the eight Dutch UMCs in order to develop a national vision on eHealth. This vision document will give direction to the development, evaluation and implementation of eHealth in the eight Dutch UMCs and their adherent healthcare providers.
Internet Forums: What Knowledge can be Mined from Online Discussions
Year: 2011

An Internet forum is a web application for publishing user generated content under the form of a discussion. Messages posted to the Internet forum form threads of discussion and contain textual and multimedia contents. An important feature of Internet forums is their social aspect. Internet forums attract dedicated users who build tight social communities. There is an abundance of Internet forums covering all aspects of human activities: politics, sports, entertainment, science, religion, leisure, hobbies, etc. With large user communities forming around popular Internet forums it is important to distinguish between knowledgeable users, who contribute high quality contents, and other types of users, such as casual users or Internet trolls. Therefore, social role discovery becomes an important issue in discovery of valuable knowledge from Internet forums. This chapter provides an overview of Internet forum technology. It discusses the architecture of Internet forums, presents an overview of data volumes involved and outlines technical challenges of scraping Internet forum data. A broad summary of all research conducted on mining and exploring Internet forums for social role discovery is presented. Next, a multi tier model for Internet forum analysis (statistical analysis, index analysis, and network analysis) is introduced. Social roles are automatically attributed to Internet forum users based on egocentric graphs of user activity. The issues discussed in the chapter are illustrated with real world examples. The chapter concludes with a brief summary and a future work agenda.
A Study of Various Text Augmentation Techniques for Relation Classification in Free Text
Venue: ICPRAM
Year: 2019

Data augmentation techniques have been widely used in visual recognition tasks as it is easy to generate new data by simple and straight forward image transformations. However, when it comes to text data augmentations, it is difficult to find appropriate transformation techniques which also preserve the contextual and grammatical structure of language texts. In this paper, we explore various text data augmentation techniques in text space and word embedding space. We study the effect of various augmented datasets on the efficiency of different deep learning models for relation classification in text.
A Novel Two Stage Broadband Doherty Power Amplifier for Wireless Applications
Venue: IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters
Year: 2018

Broadband and highly efficient amplifiers are of great interest in modern wireless communication systems. In this paper, we present a novel two stage broadband Doherty power amplifier (DPA) which is able to maintain high efficiency at saturated output power and at backoff output power levels over a wide bandwidth. The amplifier uses a novel and simple approach to achieve bandwidth enhancement and at the same time uses a driver amplifier. We employ Klopfenstein taper to deliver wide bandwidth. The measurement results show that the proposed broadband two stage DPA is able to deliver 31% 35% drain efficiency at 6 dB output power backoff while at the saturation it achieves 40% 55% drain efficiency over the designed bandwidth of 1.5 to 2.6 GHz. The amplifier can deliver above 35 dBm output power with substantial gain of around 20 dB. The proposed DPA is a promising candidate for wideband and high gain requirements in modern wireless systems.
A Noval RAR QOSTBC Scheme with Linear Decoding for M PSK Over Diverse Channels
Venue: Int. J. Wirel. Inf. Networks
Year: 2018

The full rate can be attained by the conventional Quasi Orthogonal Space Time Block Codes (QO STBC) with the downside of more decoding intricacy and less diversity gain. Grammian matrix of already existing QO STBC scheme contains non diagonal elements i.e. interference terms which are responsible for more computational load at the receiver. The non diagonal elements causing interference while decoding process are eliminated from the grammian matrix by the use of RAR (reflection and rotation) operations on the detection matrix of already existing QO STBC. Reflection and rotation QO STBC (RAR QOSTBC) scheme is proposed in this paper, which results in transformation of the grammian matrix into a diagonal matrix. Corresponding to the diagonal matrix, a new RAR QOSTBC encoding matrix is generated. RAR QOSTBC scheme enables to achieve more diversity gain as well as it reduces decoding intricacy at the receiver as comparison to the already existing QO STBC method. Analysis has been performed for different levels of PSK modulation over two distinct channels (AWGN and Rayleigh) by changing the number of receive antennas. Simulation result shows a significant improvement in the BER performance because of the removal of non slanting elements from the detection matrix.
Real Power Flow Control in a Transmission Line by Varying the Turns Ratio of the Injection Transformer
Venue: 2019 Innovations in Power and Advanced Computing Technologies (i PACT)
Year: 2019

Owing to the highly interconnected nature of the existing power system, congestion management has become a principal key to ensure reliability. A real power flow control based on variation of line reactance is exercised. In this paper, a series injection transformer with variable turns ratio and a capacitance coupled to its secondary brings variable capacitive compensation on the line. The proposed model aids in varying the flow of power by altering the value of available turns ratio. A control algorithm has been developed to switch between the turns ratio and arrive at the set reference value. This could narrow down the level of impediments that could occur in a power system. Also, the proposed system eliminates the use of power electronic switches thereby bringing about a simpler control strategy. The proposed methodology with the control algorithm has been verified through simulation and experimental set up with the support of MATLAB and DAQ LabVIEW respectively.
Characteristics of uveitic glaucoma in Turkish patients
Venue: European journal of ophthalmology
Year: 2020

To evaluate the prevalence of uveitic glaucoma (UG) in the Turkish population and investigate the primary underlying diseases.  This multicenter, cross sectional, prospective study included patients who presented to the glaucoma units of 10 tertiary ophthalmology departments in Ankara, Turkey from 15th March to 16th May 2015 and fulfilled the criteria of UG. Patients were inspected for age, sex, medical history, best corrected visual acuity, biomicroscopic findings, intraocular pressure values, and visual field results.  During the study period, 4604 eyes of 2541 patients with glaucoma were screened and 145 eyes of 104 patients (4.1% were identified as having UG. One hundred and thirty four eyes (92.4% had open angle glaucoma and 11 eyes (7.6% had closed angle glaucoma. The mean patient age was 47 16 (6 90) years. Idiopathic uveitis (54 eyes) Behcet's disease (26 eyes) Fuchs heterochromic cyclitis (21 eyes) Herpes Simplex virus infectious uveitis (14 eyes) and ankylosing spondylitis (six eyes) were the leading types of uveitis associated with glaucoma. Acute anterior uveitis was the most common type of uveitis diagnosed in 72 patients (105 eyes) whereas 21 patients (27 eyes) had panuveitis, eight patients (nine eyes) had intermediate uveitis, and three patients (four eyes) had posterior uveitis. The need for surgical intervention was 37.2% among all cases and the most common surgery was trabeculectomy in 45 eyes.  UG is a vision threatening complication commonly seen in patients with uveitis. This study demonstrates the epidemiological features and underlying etiologies of UG in the Turkish population. The most common primary causes of UG were Behcet's disease and Fuchs heterochromic cyclitis.