nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of herbal medicine (Dangguijagyag san) for primary dysmenorrhea: study protocol for a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, parallel group, multi center trial
Venue: Integrative medicine research
Year: 2020

Dangguijagyag san, also known as Dangguishaoyao san in Chinese and Toki shakuyakui san in Japanese, has been frequently used to treat symptoms associated with dysmenorrhea. The purpose of this trial is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the herbal medicine, Dangguijagyag san, relative to those of active control, Gamisoyo san, and a placebo control for primary dysmenorrhea.  This protocol details a randomized, double blind, parallel group, multi center, investigator initiated, controlled trial evaluating treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. Two hundred and forty participants will be randomly divided into one of three groups: 1) the Dangguijagyag san experimental group (EG) (n 105) 2) the Gamisoyo san active control group (ACG) (n 30) and 3) the placebo control group (PCG) (n 105) The interventions will be administered for two menstrual cycles, and the follow up will be carried out for the following six menstrual cycles. The primary outcomes are difference in response rates between the EG and the ACG (non inferiority comparison) and difference in changes from baseline in average pain intensity measured by the visual analogue scale between the EG and PCG (superiority comparison) The secondary outcomes are pain scores derived from pain assessment tools (verbal multidimensional scoring system, retrospective symptom scale, and short form McGill pain questionnaire) dosage of analgesics, pattern diagnosis questionnaires, and short form 36 health survey. Adverse events and vital signs will be checked at every visit, and laboratory tests will be performed for safety evaluation.  The results of this clinical trial will offer evidence for the efficacy and safety of Dangguijagyag san for primary dysmenorrhea.
Incorporating Human Security Considerations into Military Planning: Some Suggestions
Year: 2020

This chapter concludes the book by relating the work analysed within the book to the concept of human security, a concept that can assist military actors in appreciating the ways in which the harms of human trafficking manifest, the causes for its proliferation in conflict settings and the ways that human trafficking interacts with and compounds other forms of insecurity. Despite these benefits, human security remains difficult to operationalise, creating a potentially significant hurdle for military actors. This chapter thus goes on to examine how a human security lens can be built into operational planning, providing practical recommendations based on the existing PMESII PT planning framework.
Randomized open label trial of docosahexaenoic acid enriched fish oil and fish meal on cognitive and behavioral functioning in Omani children.
Venue: Nutrition
Year: 2019

This study aimed to examine the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) enriched fish oil supplement and meal of grilled fish on cognitive and behavioral functioning manifested as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in primary school students 9 to 10 y of age in Muscat, Oman.  This randomized open label trial involved two types of interventions: fish oil supplement or one serving (100 g) of grilled fish per day (Sunday through Friday) for 12 weeks. Red cell total lipid DHA levels were assessed. The Verbal Fluency Test, Buschke Selective Reminding Test, and Trail Making Test were used to measure cognitive functioning. Behavioral functioning was assessed using a standardized Arabic version of the National Initiative for Children's Health Quality Vanderbilt Assessment Scales. All measurements were carried out before and after intervention.  DHA levels increased by 72% and 64% in the fish oil (mean, 3.6% 6.2% and fish meal (mean, 3.4% 5.6% groups, respectively (P 0.000) The Trail Making Test was the only cognitive test that demonstrated marked differences between groups: Median interquartile range difference between pre and postintervention in the Trail Making Part B score was 61.5 (SE, 19.3, 103.2) in the fish oil versus fish meal group, 24.5 (SE, 15.2, 74.7, P 0.005) The Vanderbilt Assessment Scales also showed significant differences between groups (P 0.001)  This study contributed to available evidence on the cognitive and behavioral benefits of DHA in healthy school children. Expanding the food fortification program with DHA enriched fish oil should be considered as part of broader policy to improve child health.
The clustering of galaxies in the completed SDSS III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: cosmological analysis of the DR12 galaxy sample
Year: 2017

We present cosmological results from the final galaxy clustering data set of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III. Our combined galaxy sample comprises 1.2 million massive galaxies over an effective area of 9329 deg^2 and volume of 18.7 Gpc^3, divided into three partially overlapping redshift slices centred at effective redshifts 0.38, 0.51 and 0.61. We measure the angular diameter distance and Hubble parameter H from the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) method, in combination with a cosmic microwave background prior on the sound horizon scale, after applying reconstruction to reduce non linear effects on the BAO feature. Using the anisotropic clustering of the pre reconstruction density field, we measure the product D_MH from the Alcock Paczynski (AP) effect and the growth of structure, quantified by fs_8(z) from redshift space distortions (RSD) We combine individual measurements presented in seven companion papers into a set of consensus values and likelihoods, obtaining constraints that are tighter and more robust than those from any one method; in particular, the AP measurement from sub BAO scales sharpens constraints from post reconstruction BAOs by breaking degeneracy between D_M and H. Combined with Planck 2016 cosmic microwave background measurements, our distance scale measurements simultaneously imply curvature O_K 0.0003 0.0026 and a dark energy equation of state parameter w 1.01 0.06, in strong affirmation of the spatially flat cold dark matter (CDM) model with a cosmological constant (LCDM) Our RSD measurements of fs_8, at 6 per cent precision, are similarly consistent with this model. When combined with supernova Ia data, we find H_0 67.3 1.0 km s^ 1 Mpc^ 1 even for our most general dark energy model, in tension with some direct measurements. Adding extra relativistic species as a degree of freedom loosens the constraint only slightly, to H_0 67.8 1.2 km s^ 1 Mpc^ 1. Assuming flat LCDM, we find O_m 0.310 0.005 and H_0 67.6 0.5 km s^ 1 Mpc^ 1, and we find a 95 per cent upper limit of 0.16 eV c^ 2 on the neutrino mass sum.
Vox Populi: Collecting High Quality Labels from a Crowd
Venue: COLT
Year: 2009

With the emergence of search engines and crowdsourcing websites, machine learning practitioners are faced with datasets that are labeled by a large heterogeneous set of teachers. These datasets test the limits of our existing learning theory, which largely assumes that data is sampled i.i.d. from a fixed distribution. In many cases, the number of teachers actually scales with the number of examples, with each teacher providing just a handful of labels, precluding any statistically reliable assessment of an individual teacher's quality. In this paper, we study the problem of pruning low quality teachers in a crowd, in order to improve the label quality of our training set. Despite the hurdles mentioned above, we show that this is in fact achievable with a simple and efficient algorithm, which does not require that each example be repeatedly labeled by multiple teachers. We provide a theoretical analysis of our algorithm and back our findings with empirical evidence.
One pot synthesis of 2 amino 3,4 dicyanopyridines from ketoximes and tetracyanoethylene via Cu(I) catalyzed cyclization
Venue: Tetrahedron
Year: 2019

A novel approach to 2 amino 3,4 dicyanopyridines has been discovered from Cu(I) catalyzed cyclizations of simple and easily available ketoximes and tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) The complexed radical mechanism involves cleavage of several O H/N O/C H bonds, and new C C/C N bonds formation. A wide variety of substrates with different functional groups could be smoothly converted into the corresponding products in moderate yields.
One Step Synthesis of TiO 2 /Graphene Nanocomposites by Laser Pyrolysis with Well Controlled Properties and Application in Perovskite Solar Cells
Year: 2019

This work presents an original synthesis of TiO2/graphene nanocomposites using laser pyrolysis for the demonstration of efficient and improved perovskite solar cells. This is a one step and continuous process known for nanoparticle production, and it enables here the elaboration of TiO2 nanoparticles with controlled properties (stoichiometry, morphology, and crystallinity) directly grown on graphene materials. Using this process, a high quality of the TiO2/ graphene interface is achieved, leading to an intimate electronic contact between the two materials. This effect is exploited for the photovoltaic application, where TiO2/graphene is used as an electron extracting layer in n i p mesoscopic perovskite solar cells based on the reference CH3NH3PbI3 xClx halide perovskite active layer. A significant and reproducible improvement of power conversion efficiencies under standard illumination is demonstrated, reaching 15.3% in average compared to 13.8% with a pure TiO2 electrode, mainly due to a drastic improvement in fill factor. This beneficial effect of graphene incorporation is revealed through pronounced photoluminescence quenching in the presence of graphene, which indicates better electron injection from the perovskite active layer. Considering that a reduction of device hysteresis is also observed by graphene addition, the laser pyrolysis technique, which is compatible with large scale industrial developments, is therefore a powerful tool for the production of efficient optoelectronic devices based on a broad range of carbon nano objects.
Predicting band gaps and band edge positions of oxide perovskites using DFT and machine learning.
Year: 2020

Density functional theory within the local or semilocal density approximations (DFT LDA/GGA) has become a workhorse in electronic structure theory of solids, being extremely fast and reliable for energetics and structural properties, yet remaining highly inaccurate for predicting band gaps of semiconductors and insulators. Accurate prediction of band gaps using firstprinciples methods is time consuming, requiring hybrid functionals, quasi particle GW, or quantum Monte Carlo methods. Efficiently correcting DFT LDA/GGA band gaps and unveiling the main chemical and structural factors involved in this correction is desirable for discovering novel materials in high throughput calculations. In this direction, we use DFT and machine learning techniques to correct band gaps and band edge positions of a representative subset of ABO3 perovskite oxides. Relying on results of HSE06 hybrid functional calculations as target values of band gaps, we find a systematic band gap correction of ~1.5 eV for this class of materials, where ~1 eV comes from downward shifting the valence band and ~0.5 eV from uplifting the conduction band. The main chemical and structural factors determining the band gap correction are determined through a feature selection procedure.
Osteoporosis and Bone Mass Disorders: From Gene Pathways to Treatments
Venue: Trends in Endocrinology Metabolism
Year: 2016

Genomic technologies have evolved rapidly contributing to the understanding of diseases. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) and whole exome sequencing have aided the identification of the genetic determinants of monogenic and complex conditions including osteoporosis and bone mass disorders. Overlap exists between the genes implicated in monogenic and complex forms of bone mass disorders, largely explained by the clustering of genes encoding factors in signaling pathways crucial for mesenchymal cell differentiation, skeletal development, and bone remodeling and metabolism. Numerous of the remaining discovered genes merit functional follow up studies to elucidate their role in bone biology. The insight provided by genetic studies is serving the identification of biomarkers predictive of disease, redefining disease, response to treatment, and discovery of novel drug targets for skeletal disorders.
Direct piezocatalytic conversion of methane into alcohols over hydroxyapatite
Year: 2021

The cascading of methane valorization and methanol upgrade, both of which are important in C1 chemistry, becomes a promising strategy to fabricate value added chemicals from methane directly. Reconciling the contradiction between the C H bond activation of methane and the over oxidation susceptibility of methanol is critical but challenging. Herein, we report the piezocatalytic methane conversion over hydroxyapatite (HAp) under ultrasonic vibration at ambient conditions, obtaining alcohols as liquid products without any sign of CO or CO2. Mechanistic studies reveal that the piezocatalytic effect of HAp drives H2O and methane activation and supplies hydroxyl radical *OH) to attack the methane C H bond, while the ultrasonic induced negative surface charge (SC) promotes methanol dehydration into methyl carbene as a fascinating C1 building block to facilitate product upgrade into C2 and C3 alcohols. Attributing to the enriched SC which tunes the surface acid base property, piezocatalysis presents a new approach for C C coupling.
[The Role of SOCS in the Development of Tumors]
Venue: Zhongguo fei ai za zhi Chinese journal of lung cancer
Year: 2016

Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family proteins are a group of negative regulatory factors that plays important roles in the negative regulation of cytokine responses by terminating the activation of the JAK STAT and other signaling pathways. The family is composed of eight structurally related proteins. mainly through the inhibition of the activation of JAK STAT signaling pathway and regulates cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In the process of tumor progression, the promoter CG island hypermethylation, gene mutation, gene deletion and inactivation lead to the abnormal expression of SOCS protein make JAK STAT continuous activation, resulting in the development and metastasis of tumor. Here, we review the SOCS family members found, composition and molecular structure, the domain of the function, and the latest progress of development in tumor. Based on the important role of SOCS in tumor development, SOCS as a negative regulator factor represent a kind of tumor suppressor genes, has become a new target for tumor therapy.
Research on Transmitter of the Somatosensory Hand Gesture Recognition System
Venue: CSPS
Year: 2019

A high precision sensitive and portable "transmitter" of the hand gesture recognition system is designed in this paper. The MPU6050 sensor is used to collect the hand gesture data in real time. And the quaternion is obtained by the digital motion processing (DMP) unit of the sensor, and the Euler angle is obtained by the mathematical formulas operation. After that the complementary filtering correction algorithm is used to calculate the human hand gesture. Wireless modules are used to send data to the intelligent terminals and realize the function of wireless control of the intelligent terminals by hand gesture. Finally, the effectiveness and reliability of the scheme are verified by experiments. The experimental results show that compared with Euler angle method and direction cosine method, the attitude calculation method based on quaternion method and adding correction algorithm proposed by this scheme has the characteristics of less calculation, fast calculation speed and less drift error.
Direct imaging of macrovascular and microvascular contributions to BOLD fMRI in layers IV V of the rat whisker barrel cortex
Venue: NeuroImage
Year: 2012

The spatiotemporal characteristics of the hemodynamic response to increased neural activity were investigated at the level of individual intracortical vessels using BOLD fMRI in a well established rodent model of somatosensory stimulation at 11.7 T. Functional maps of the rat barrel cortex were obtained at 150 x 150 x 500 mm spatial resolution every 200 ms. The high spatial resolution allowed separation of active voxels into those containing intracortical macro vessels, mainly vein/venules (referred to as macrovasculature) and those enriched with arteries/capillaries and small venules (referred to as microvasculature) since the macro vessel can be readily mapped due to the fast T2 decay of blood at 11.7 T. The earliest BOLD response was observed within layers IV V by 0.8s following stimulation and encompassed mainly the voxels containing the microvasculature and some confined macrovasculature voxels. By 1.2s, the BOLD signal propagated to the macrovasculature voxels where the peak BOLD signal was 2 3 times higher than that of the microvasculature voxels. The BOLD response propagated in individual venules/veins far from neuronal sources at later times. This was also observed in layers IV V of the barrel cortex after specific stimulation of separated whisker rows. These results directly visualized that the earliest hemodynamic changes to increased neural activity occur mainly in the microvasculature and spread toward the macrovasculature. However, at peak response, the BOLD signal is dominated by penetrating venules even at layers IV V of the cortex.
The Clinical Implications of High Rates of Intimate Partner Violence Against HIV Positive Women
Venue: Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes
Year: 2013

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with increased risk of HIV infection among women, however, whether IPV affects outcomes after HIV infection is uncertain. We assess the impact of IPV on HIV positive women. All HIV positive women who received outpatient HIV care in southern Alberta between March 2009 and January 2012 were screened for IPV. The associations with IPV of sociodemographic factors, health related quality of life, clinical status, and hospitalizations were obtained from a regional database and evaluated with multivariable regression analysis. Of 339 women screened, 137 (40.4% reported experiencing IPV. Those disclosing IPV had higher rates of smoking [adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) 5.07; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.72 to 9.43] illicit drug use (APR 7.58; CI: 2.45 to 23.26) a history of incarceration (APR 4.84, CI: 1.85 to 12.68) depression (APR 2.50, CI: 1.15 to 5.46) and anxiety disorders (APR 5.75, CI: 2.10 to 15.63) Health related quality of life was diminished with IPV (APR 2.94, CI: 1.40 to 6.16) for poor/fair versus very good/excellent. IPV exposed women were hospitalized 256 times per 1000 patient years compared to 166/1000 patient years among IPV unexposed (P 0.001) women. The relative risk was increased for HIV unrelated hospitalizations (APR 1.42, CI: 1.16 to 1.73) and for HIV related hospitalizations after outpatient HIV care was initiated (APR 2.19, CI: 1.01 to 4.85) Modifiable contributors to the poor outcomes included decreased use of antiretroviral therapy (APR 0.55, CI: 0.34 to 0.91) and additional interruptions in care longer than 1 year (APR 1.90, CI: 1.07 to 3.39) IPV is associated with deleterious HIV related and HIV unrelated health outcomes, of which, suboptimal engagement in care is a contributor. To improve outcomes, practitioners should aim to increase engagement in care of these women in particular.
Staff and Patient Views of the Reasons for Aggressive Incidents: A Prospective, Incident Based Study
Venue: Psychiatric Quarterly
Year: 2009

Aggression is a serious problem in psychiatric hospitals. It is not clear whether reasons for aggression guide which therapeutic interventions are selected. Aggression was monitored in participants in a randomized clinical trial of the antiaggressive efficacy of adjunctive valproate in patients with schizophrenia. The Overt Aggression Scale was used to record aggression type and severity, reasons given by patients and staff, and interventions delivered. Forty two patients caused 317 aggressive incidents. Patients reported more often than staff that aggression was provoked by external factors (e.g. interpersonal conflict, limit setting) Staff cited internal factors (e.g. psychotic symptoms, tension) more often than patients. Interventions administered were related to type and severity of aggression but not to either staff or patients' reasons. Responses to aggressive events do not take causes into account. It is possible that consideration of the reasons for the aggressive behavior might yield more targeted interventions.
SPECT and PET analysis of subthalamic stimulation in Parkinson's disease: analysis using a manual segmentation
Venue: Journal of Neurology
Year: 2009

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) has become an effective target of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in severely disabled patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) Clinical studies have reported DBS induced adverse effects on cognitive functions, mood, emotion and behavior. STN DBS seems to interfere with the limbic functions of the basal ganglia, but the limbic effects of STN DBS are controversial. We measured prospectively resting regional cerebral metabolism (rCMb) with 18 fluorodeoxyglucose and PET, and resting regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with HMPAO and SPECT in six patients with Parkinson's disease. We compared PET and SPECT 1 month before and 3 months after STN DBS. On cerebral MRI, 13 regions of interest (ROI) were manually delineated slice by slice in frontal and limbic lobes. We obtained mean rCBF and rCMb values for each ROI and the whole brain. We normalized rCBF and rCMB values to ones for the whole brain volume, which we compared before and following STN DBS. No significant difference emerged in the SPECT analysis. PET analysis revealed a significant decrease in rCMb following STN DBS in the superior frontal gyri and left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (p 0.05) A non significant decrease in rCMb in the left anterior cingulate gyrus appeared following STN DBS (p 0.075) Our prospective SPECT and PET study revealed significantly decreased glucose metabolism of the two superior frontal gyri without any attendant perfusion changes following STN DBS. These results suggest that STN DBS may change medial prefrontal function and therefore the integration of limbic information, either by disrupting emotional processes within the STN, or by hampering the normal function of a limbic circuit.