nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of floating ring bearing manufacturing tolerance clearances on the dynamic characteristics for turbocharger
Year: 2015

The inner and outer oil film dynamic characteristic coefficients of floating ring bearings(FRBs) change due to the manufacturing tolerance of the floating ring, journal and intermediate, which leads to high speed turbocharger's vibration too large and even causes nonlinear vibration accident. However, the investigation of floating ring bearing manufacturing tolerance clearance on the rotordynamic characteristics is less at present. In order to study the influence law of inner and outer clearance on turbocharger vibration, the rotor dynamic motion equations of turbocharger supported in FRBs are derived by analyzing the size relations between floating ring, journal and intermediate for the inner and outer oil film clearances, the time transient response analysis for combination of FRBs clearance are developed. A realistic turbocharger is taken as a research object, the FE model of the turbocharger with FRBs is modeled. Under the conditions of four kinds of limit state bearing clearances for inner and outer oil film, the nonlinear transient analyses are performed based on the established FE dynamic models of the nonlinear rotor FRBs system applied incentive combinations of gravity and unbalance force, respectively. From the waterfall, the simulation results show that the speed for the appearance of fractional frequency is not identical and the amplitude magnitude is different under the four kinds of bearing manufacturing tolerance limit clearances, and fractional frequency does not appear in the turbocharger and the amplitude is minimum under the ODMin/IDMax bearing manufacturing tolerance clearances. The turbocharger vibration is reduced by controlling the manufacturing tolerance clearance combinations of FRBs, which is helpful for the dynamic design and production manufacturing of high speed turbocharger.
Does 360 degree Video Enhance Engagement with Global Warming? The Mediating Role of Spatial Presence and Emotions
Year: 2021

degree videos have become favored tools to deliver environmental messages to audiences on social media platforms. Whereas 360 degree videos can emotionally engage users with beautiful scenery imitating virtual reality (VR) technology, such positive experiences may not be always translated into greater persuasion. Based on the theories of emotion and interactivity, we propose that the peaceful feelings evoked by interacting with natural scenery using the 360 degree feature may decrease the persuasive impact of environmental messages. We conducted a lab experiment (N 119) where the persuasive effectiveness of four 360 degree videos featuring climate change was compared with that of uni directional videos. Findings showed that participants who interacted with the 360 degree videos felt more peaceful and tranquil and less scared in general, regardless of the emotional valence of video content. As a result, the presence and usage of the 360 degree feature reduced participants' environmental engagement. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Stage IB cervix cancer with nodal involvement treated with primary surgery or primary radiotherapy: Patterns of failure and outcomes in a contemporary population
Venue: Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology
Year: 2016

The purpose of this study is to evaluate patterns of failure, overall survival (OS) disease free survival (DFS) prognostic factors and late toxicities in node positive International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IB cervix cancer treated with curative intent.
In vitro studies on antimicrobial activities of Lactic Acid Bacteria isolated from fresh vegetables for biocontrol of tomato pathogens.
Year: 2014

This study was focused on using Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) isolated from fresh vegetables which has been molecularly identified for in vitro control of some tomato pathogens.  The inhibitory potentials of supernatant obtained from previously characterized LAB isolates or vegetable origin were investigated against some tomato phytopathogens using agar well method with the view to develop biological agents for some tomato disease causing organisms. Place and Duration of Study: Biotechnology Centre of Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria, between January 2011 and February 2012.  The antimicrobial activities of LAB against some tomato phytopathogenic bacteria which include (Xanthomonas campestries, Erwinia caratovora, and Pseudomonas syringae) were obtained by using the agar well diffusion method.  The result indicates that cell free culture of LAB from fresh vegetables origin Original Research Article British Microbiology Research Journal, 4(3) 351 359, 2014 352 (Weissella paramesenteroides, Lactobacillus pentosus, Weissella cibaria, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Weissella kimchi and Lactobacillus plantarum) can inhibits these bacteria by creating clear zones of inhibition around the wells containing cell free supernatants of the above mentioned strains of lactic acid bacteria. Pediococcus pentosaceus showed the highest zone of inhibition against Xanthomonas campestries at 15 mm radius, Weissella kimchi was the least effective against Pseudomonas syringae at 3.67 mm and Erwinia caratovora at 3.50 mm radius.  Tomato disease causing organisms can be most likely biologically controlled by using extracts from LAB. This finding will reduce the potential hazard from the use of chemical herbicides on plant.
Personal Identification Based on Brain Networks of EEG Signals
Venue: Int. J. Appl. Math. Comput. Sci.
Year: 2018

Personal identification is particularly important in information security. There are numerous advantages of using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for personal identification, such as uniqueness and anti deceptiveness. Currently, many researchers focus on single dataset personal identification, instead of the cross dataset. In this paper, we propose a method for cross dataset personal identification based on a brain network of EEG signals. First, brain functional networks are constructed from the phase synchronization values between EEG channels. Then, some attributes of the brain networks including the degree of a node, the clustering coefficient and global efficiency are computed to form a new feature vector. Lastly, we utilize linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to classify the extracted features for personal identification. The performance of the method is quantitatively evaluated on four datasets involving different cognitive tasks: (i) a four class motor imagery task dataset in BCI Competition IV (2008) (ii) a two class motor imagery dataset in the BNCI Horizon 2020 project, (iii) a neuromarketing dataset recorded by our laboratory, (iv) a fatigue driving dataset recorded by our laboratory. Empirical results of this paper show that the average identification accuracy of each data set was higher than 0.95 and the best one achieved was 0.99, indicating a promising application in personal identification.
Knee joint kinematics, kinetics and muscle co contraction in knee osteoarthritis patient gait.
Venue: Clinical biomechanics
Year: 2009

Compared to matched controls, knee osteoarthritis patients walk with altered, kinematics, kinetics and muscle activity. Studies of osteoarthritis patient gait have focused on individual measures, and findings from these studies differ due to differences in patient levels of disability and age. Therefore, aims of this study were to examine kinematic, kinetic and muscle co contraction gait variables within a single osteoarthritis patient group, and to determine if alterations in these variables are related to pain, symptom and function measures.  Thirty asymptomatic controls and 54 patients with radiographic evidence of knee osteoarthritis participated. Self perceived measures of pain and symptoms, and gait (knee joint angles, moments and muscle co contraction) were analysed and compared.  Osteoarthritis patients had greater self perceived pain and symptoms on the questionnaires. Gait differences in the knee osteoarthritis patients were greater knee flexion at heel strike and during early stance along with reductions in the peak external knee extension moment in late stance. Co contraction ratios highlighted greater lateral muscle activation in osteoarthritis patients, which were correlated with the magnitude of their adduction moments. Larger adduction moments were related to lower self perceived pain and symptoms.  Osteoarthritis patients use predominantly lateral muscle activation during stance which may aid in stabilising the external knee adduction moment. Kinematic alterations in knee osteoarthritis patient gait occur without alterations in knee joint moments. Our results also suggest that adduction moments are lowered to reduce the patients' pain and symptoms.
"The Silence Itself Is Enough of a Statement" The Day of Silence and LGBTQ Awareness Raising
Year: 2012

This ethnographic study of a high school gay straight alliance club examines unintended consequences of silence during the Day of Silence, a day of action aimed at addressing anti LGBTQ bias in schools. While this strategy calls for students to engage in intentional silences to raise awareness of anti LGBTQ bias, it does not necessarily lead others to address harassment or silences around gender and sexuality. Rather, silence makes students more defenseless in the face of verbal harassment. [LGBTQ youth, homophobia, harassment, Day of Silence, gay straight alliance]
BIOREMEDIATION OF AGRICULTURAL SOIL CONTAMINATED WITH LEAD USING INTERACTION COMMON BARLEY HORDEUM VULGARE AND EARTHWORM LUMBRICUS SP
Year: 2017

The aim of this work is to study the possibility of remedying polluted agricultural soils by lead with the association: earthworms barley. An experimentation of sixty pots was conducted in controlled conditions containing artificially contaminated soil by lead. It is divided into three systems: S1: soil plant; S2: soilearthworms; S3: soil plant earthworms, and five blocks representing lead concentrations: control; 500 mg g; 1000 mg g; 1500 mg gand 2000 mg g with 4 replicas each. The results show that the S3 system (soil plant earthworm) has the highest remediation rate compared to the two other: S1 (soil earthworm) S2 (soil plant) The presence of earthworms Lumbricus sp decreases the bioaccumulation of lead by Hordeum vulgare, while concentrations recorded in earthworm tissues suggests that the presence of the plant considerably increase those concentrations. The concentrations of lead in soil, earthworms and plants are influenced by the physical and chemical soil parameters; however, other factors related to the pollutant, the species of both earthworm and plant and their interactions can increase or decrease retention of lead by the soil and its bioaccumulation.
Technical Note: U net generated synthetic CT images for magnetic resonance imaging only prostate intensity modulated radiation therapy treatment planning
Venue: Medical physics
Year: 2018

Clinical implementation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) only radiotherapy requires a method to derive synthetic CT image (S CT) for dose calculation. This study investigated the feasibility of building a deep convolutional neural network for MRI based S CT generation and evaluated the dosimetric accuracy on prostate IMRT planning.  A paired CT and T2 weighted MR images were acquired from each of 51 prostate cancer patients. Fifteen pairs were randomly chosen as tested set and the remaining 36 pairs as training set. The training subjects were augmented by applying artificial deformations and feed to a two dimensional U net which contains 23 convolutional layers and 25.29 million trainable parameters. The U net represents a nonlinear function with input an MR slice and output the corresponding S CT slice. The mean absolute error (MAE) of Hounsfield unit (HU) between the true CT and S CT images was used to evaluate the HU estimation accuracy. IMRT plans with dose 79.2 Gy prescribed to the PTV were applied using the true CT images. The true CT images then were replaced by the S CT images and the dose matrices were recalculated on the same plan and compared to the one obtained from the true CT using gamma index analysis and absolute point dose discrepancy.  The U net was trained from scratch in 58.67 h using a GP100 GPU. The computation time for generating a new S CT volume image was 3.84 7.65 s. Within body, the (mean SD) of MAE was (29.96 4.87) HU. The 1%/1 mm and 2%/2 mm gamma pass rates were over 98.03% and 99.36% respectively. The DVH parameters discrepancy was less than 0.87% and the maximum point dose discrepancy within PTV was less than 1.01% respect to the prescription.  The U net can generate S CT images from conventional MR image within seconds with high dosimetric accuracy for prostate IMRT plan.
Reorganizing Hospital Space: The 1894 Plague Epidemic in Hong Kong and the Germ Theory.
Venue: Ui sahak
Year: 2017

This paper examined whether the preventive measures taken by the Hong Kong's colonial authorities were legitimate during the 1894 Hong Kong plague epidemic, and illuminated the correlation between the plague epidemic and hospital space in Hong Kong in the late 19th century. The quarantine measures taken by the colonial authorities were neither a clear cut victory for Western medicine nor for a rational quarantine based on scientific medical knowledge. Hong Kong's medical officials based on the miasma theory, and focused only on house to house inspections and forced quarantine or isolation, without encouraging people to wear masks and without conducting disinfection. Even after Hong Kong plague spread, the Hong Kong's colonial authorities were not interested in what plague bacilli were, but in where they were to be found and how to prevent and control an outbreak of the disease. The germ theory brought significant changes to the disease classification system. Until the 1890s, Hong Kong's colonial authority had classified cause of death mainly on the basis of symptoms, infectious diseases, parts of the body and diseases of systems. Microbiological analysis of the cause of death in Hong Kong was started by Hunter, a bacteriologist, in 1902. He used bacteriological tests with a microscope to analyze the cause of death. New disease recognition and medical recognition brought large changes to hospital space as well. In particular, from the 1880s to the early 1900s, Western medical circles witnessed shifts from miasma theory to the germ theory, thereby influencing Hong Kong's hospital spaces. As the germ theory took ground in Hong Kong in 1894, the bacteriological laboratory and isolation ward became inevitable facilities, and hospital space were reorganized accordingly. However, the colonial authorities and local elites' strategy was different. As a government bacteriologist, Hunter established a central facility to unify several laboratories and to manage urban space from ouside the hospital. On the contrary, the Tungwah Hospital tried to transform hospital space with isolation ward and Receiving Ward System as the eclectic form of Chinese and Western medicine. The 1894 Hong Kong plague promoted the introduction of germ theory and the reorganization of hospital space.
Supplementation of prebiotics in fish feed: a review
Venue: Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries
Year: 2012

Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing industries in the world. There is a need for enhanced disease resistance, feed efficiency and growth performance of cultured fish species. The cost of production are likely to be reduced if growth performance and feed efficiency are increased in commercial aquaculture. Also if the survivility of the fishes increase, then their overall production cost would be remarkably reduced. Dietary supplementation of different feed additives e.g. immunostimulants, probiotics and prebiotics usually in small quantities for the purpose of fortifying it with certain nutrients have been found to be beneficial for improving immune status, feed efficiency and growth performance of crustaceans and finfishes. The present article was constructed to highlight the effect of dietary prebiotics on different body growth parameters of fish. However, the application of prebiotics and supplementary enzymes in fish feed is now gradually gaining importance in commercial aquaculture practices, the article stresses on the effect of prebiotics on live body weight gain, dressing percentage, weight of vital organs and muscles and mean villus lengths in digestive tract of fish along with their application as growth promoters in commercial aquafeed (Gatesoupe in Aqua Feeds Formul Beyond 2(3):3 5, 2005; Ganguly et al. in Israeli J Aquac Bamidgeh 62(3):130 138, 2010a, Fish Chimes 30(7):64, 2010b)
How the Barn Owl Computes Auditory Space
Venue: Trends in Neurosciences
Year: 2018

In a series of seminal behavioral and electrophysiological experiments, Knudsen and Konishi studied the mechanisms of hearing. Their 1979 article showed how the barn owl utilizes unique anatomical features for creating a systematic internal representation of auditory space. This established the barn owl as a prime model for studying sensory systems.
Producing Jatropha oil based polyol via epoxidation and ring opening
Year: 2013

A low viscosity polyol has been functionalized from crude Jatropha oil via epoxidation and subsequent ring opening. Starting with the crude Jatropha oil, the double bonds are functionalized by introducing epoxy groups and ring opened to produce hydroxyl groups. The experiment employs more concentrated 50% hydrogen peroxide and effectively produce solvent free epodixidized Jatropha oil within shorter reaction time of 5 h with maximum oxirane oxygen content of 4.30% and viscosity of 0.57 0.60 Pa.s. The epoxidized Jatropha oil is then transform into Jatropha based polyol with hydroxyl number of 171 179 mg KOH/g, low viscosity of 0.92 0.98 Pa.s. and functionality of 5.1 5.3. The epoxidation and ring opening process are monitored by viscometer and FTIR. The produced polyol permit more time for molding and additives addition during polyurethane due to its low viscosity.
An Integrated Assessment Metamodel for Developing Adaptation Pathways for Sustainable Water Management in the Lower Rhine Delta
Year: 2012

Water management is increasingly challenged by pressures from population growth, sea level rise and potential climate change. Moreover, these developments are highly uncertain and change over time. The challenge is to develop strategies that are either robust insensitive to the future or flexible enough to adapt to changing conditions. Adaptation is not only determined by what is known or anticipated at present, but also by what will be experienced and learned while the future unfolds, and by policy responses to social and water events. As a result, an adaptation pathway emerges. Exploring adaptation pathways into the future will provide indispensable support to decisionmaking in achieving sustainable water management. For a structured exploration of the various adaptation pathways, we are developing a computational model of the Rhine Delta in the Netherlands. With this model, we will simulate an evolvement of the system wherein pressures influence the water system state, and impacts on flood risk and water services such as agriculture and nature, which may then trigger a policy response. The result of this dynamic simulation is an adaptation pathway. The model should run fast enough to calculate many 100 year transient scenarios, representing the dominant processes and natural variability, and be able to implement various policy options. To enable such dynamic modelling we are developing an Integrated Assessment MetaModel (IAMM) using the technique of metamodelling. Metamodels are simple aggregated models that approximate the behaviour of complex and detailed models. The IAMM is simple in terms of process and spatial information, but complex in terms of time series and policy response. The challenge is to capture enough detail and process information ensuring an adequate model behavior for policy analysis. We present the concept and describe for which situations policy options and effects the model can be used to support decisionmaking under uncertainty.
Secrecy Transmission in Large Scale UAV Enabled Wireless Networks
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Communications
Year: 2019

This paper considers the secrecy transmission in a large scale unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) enabled wireless network, in which a set of UAVs in the sky transmit confidential information to their respective legitimate receivers on the ground, in the presence of another set of randomly distributed suspicious ground eavesdroppers. We assume that the horizontal locations of legitimate receivers and eavesdroppers are distributed as two independent homogeneous Possion point processes (PPPs) and each of the UAVs is positioned exactly above its corresponding legitimate receiver for efficient secrecy communication. Furthermore, we consider an elevation angle dependent line of sight (LoS)/non LoS (NLoS) path loss model for air to ground (A2G) wireless channels and employ the wiretap code for secrecy transmission. Under such setups, we first characterize the secrecy communication performance (in terms of the connection probability, secrecy outage probability, and secrecy transmission capacity) in mathematically tractable forms, and accordingly optimize the system configurations (i.e. the wiretap code rates and UAV positioning altitude) to maximize the secrecy transmission capacity, subject to a maximum secrecy outage probability constraint. Next, we propose to use the secrecy guard zone technique for further secrecy protection, and analyze the correspondingly achieved secrecy communication performance. Finally, we present numerical results to validate the theoretical analysis. It is shown that the employment of secrecy guard zone significantly improves the secrecy transmission capacity of this network, and the desirable guard zone radius generally decreases monotonically as the UAVs' and/or the eavesdroppers' densities increase.
Homogeneous Catalysts Based on First Row Transition Metals for Electrochemical Water Oxidation
Venue: ChemSusChem
Year: 2020

Strategies that enable the renewable production of storable fuels (i. e. hydrogen or hydrocarbons) through electrocatalysis continue to generate interest in the scientific community. Of central importance to this pursuit is obtaining the requisite chemical (H+ and electronic (e inputs for fuel forming reduction reactions, which can be met sustainably by water oxidation catalysis. Further possibility exists to couple these redox transformations to renewable energy sources (i. e. solar) thus creating a carbon neutral solution for long term energy storage. Nature uses a Mn Ca cluster for water oxidation catalysis via multiple proton coupled electron transfers (PCETs) with a photogenerated bias to perform this process with TOF 100~300 s 1. Synthetic molecular catalysts that efficiently perform this conversion commonly utilize rare metals (e. g. Ru, Ir) whose low abundance are associated to higher costs and scalability limitations. Inspired by nature's use of 1st row transition metal (TM) complexes for water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) attempts to use these abundant metals have been intensively explored but met with limited success. The smaller atomic size of 1st row TM ions lowers its ability to accommodate the oxidative equivalents required in the 4e /4H+ water oxidation catalysis process, unlike noble metal catalysts that perform single site electrocatalysis at lower overpotentials (e) Overcoming the limitations of 1st row TMs requires developing molecular catalysts that exploit biomimetic phenomena multiple metal redox cooperativity, PCET and second sphere interactions to lower the overpotential, preorganize substrates and maintain stability. Thus, the ultimate goal of developing efficient, robust and scalable WOCs remains a challenge. This Review provides a summary of previous research works highlighting 1st row TM based homogeneous WOCs, catalytic mechanisms, followed by strategies for catalytic activity improvements, before closing with a future outlook for this field.