nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Applications of cytisine extraction and detection in biological materials for clinical medicine
Venue: Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica Drug Research
Year: 2019

Tobacco use is a leading cause of preventable mortality worldwide. New cost effective smoking cessation treatments are needed especially in some low to middle income countries where smoking rates are rising, and current pharmacotherapy treatments remain cost prohibitive. Since the 1960is, cytisine has been used as an effective nicotine substitution agent to aid in smoking cessation albeit limited to a selected few Eastern/Central Europe and Central Asian countries. Cytisine is a biologically active alkaloid of plant origin and is known to be a ligand of nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptors (nAChRs) For several decades, the properties of cytisine have been investigated and reported in the biomedical and pharmaceutical literature. Due to the beneficial impact of cytisine on smoking cessation and its costly multistep synthesis, there is a growing interest in extraction from natural sources as well as in analytical identification and quantification for clinical medicine and forensic toxicology. In this paper, we present several current analytical approaches to cytisine extraction and identification from biological samples of plant and human origin. The development of extraction techniques will allow for the widespread use of the drug in experimental and clinical pharmacology, toxicology and forensic medicine.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA E QUALIDADE DE SONO DE PRATICANTES DE CICLISMO
Year: 2020

Ao longo dos anos vem se formando um novo modelo de estruturacao das praticas esportivas, com o pensamento de como elas podem influenciar e beneficiar tanto para uma boa qualidade de vida, quanto ao meio fisico e social sobre o desenvolvimento humano. Dentre os varios fatores que determinam a qualidade de vida de uma pessoa, o sono esta intrinsicamente ligado a este conceito. O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar a qualidade de vida e qualidade do sono de praticantes de ciclismo da cidade de Ico CE. Trata se de um estudo de campo, descritivo, quantitativo, de corte transversal, realizado com uma amostra do tipo conveniencia com 22 praticantes de ciclismo da cidade de Ico CE. Para obtencao dos dados referente a qualidade de vida foi aplicado o questionario Whoqol Bref, esse instrumento e dividido por 4 dominios (Fisico, Psicologico, Relacoes Sociais e Meio Ambiente) Quanto mais alto o escore (maximo de 100) melhor a qualidade de vida. Para avaliar a qualidade do sono foi utilizado o Indice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI) questionario esse que classifica a qualidade do sono em "boa" ruim e detecta "presenca de disturbios do sono" As analises dos dados da foram conduzidas atraves do software JASP na versao 0.9.0.1, atraves de estatistica descritiva por distribuicao de frequencia, onde foi utilizado para analise a Media (Tendencia central) o desvio padrao (Dispersao) Participaram da pesquisa 22 ciclistas sendo 54,5% do sexo masculino e 45,5% do sexo feminino, com idade media de 41+ 8,96 anos. Somando os escores das 24 facetas e das duas perguntas gerais sobre qualidade de vida, obteve se um valor medio de 82,1+ 10,88. Encontrou se as seguintes descritivas para cada dominio: Dominio Fisico: 83,4+ 9,12;  85+ 11,40; Dominio de Relacoes Sociais: 83,3+ 13,11;  Quanto a qualidade do sono verificou se que 13,64% tem uma "boa" qualidade do sono, 63,64% tem uma qualidade do sono "ruim" e que 22,73% dos participantes da pesquisa tem "presenca de disturbios do sono" Conclui se que os praticantes de ciclismo da cidade de Ico tem uma boa qualidade de vida e que cerca de 1/5 da populacao estudada tem alteracoes na qualidade do sono.
Undue Burden Beyond Texas: An Analysis of Abortion Clinic Closures, Births, and Abortions in Wisconsin
Year: 2019

In this paper, we estimate the impacts of abortion clinic closures on access to clinics in terms of distance and congestion, abortion rates, and birth rates. Legislation regulating abortion providers enacted in Wisconsin in 2011 2013 ultimately led to the closure of two of five abortion clinics in Wisconsin, increasing the average distance to the nearest clinic to 55 miles and distance to some counties to over 100 miles. We use a difference in differences design to estimate the effect of change in distance to the nearest clinic on birth and abortion rates, using within county variation across time in distance to identify the effect. We find that a hundred mile increase in distance to the nearest clinic is associated with 25 percent fewer abortions and 4 percent more births. We see no significant effect of increased congestion at remaining clinics on abortion rates. We find significant racial disparities in who is most affected by abortion clinic closures, with increases in distance increasing birth rates significantly more for Black, Asian, and Hispanic women. Our results suggest that even small numbers of clinic closures can result in significant restrictions to abortion access of similar magnitude to those seen in Texas when a greater number of clinics closed their doors.
Collaborative detection and power allocation framework for target tracking in multiple radar system
Venue: Inf. Fusion
Year: 2020

In reality, multiple radar system (MRS) may have some limited resource, such as the data computation capacity of the fusion center and the transmit energy of each radar. To better exploit its limited system resource, a collaborative detection and power allocation (CDPA) scheme is developed for the application of target tracking in clutter. The basis of the CDPA scheme is to use optimization technique to control the false alarm rate (FAR) and transmit power of each radar in view of the aforementioned resource constraints, while achieving better target state estimation accuracy. The Bayesian Cramer Rao lower bound is derived, relaxed, and subsequently utilized, as the optimization criterion for the CDPA strategy. The resulting nonlinear and nonconvex optimization problem consists of two adaptable vectors, one for FAR selection and the other for power allocation. By introducing an auxiliary vector, a fast two step solution technique is presented to jointly select the FAR and distribute the transmit power. Simulation results demonstrate that, with given data computation capability and system total power budget, the CDPA scheme can evidently expand the detection range, increase the resource utilization efficiency of the MRS, and improve the target tracking accuracy.
LEXICAL CLASSIFICATION OF BATIK MOJOKERTO MOTIFS (AN ETHNOSEMANTIC APPROACH)
Year: 2014

lexical classification, culture, ethnosemantics, batik Mojokerto Language and culture is unity in a society. The bridge for studying culture and language is ethnolinguistics. In this study the writer focuses more on ethnosemantic approach to analyze the names of Batik Mojokerto motifs. This research tries to answer the problems of study i.e: 1) what are the lexical units of motif of Batik Mojokerto? 2) What are the references of the name of Batik Mojokerto 3) What are the relationship between the names of batik and socio cultural values of Mojokerto society? Qualitative approach and interview are research design in this research. Interview is used to gain the information. The data is taken from informant who is maker of Batik Mojokerto and supporting data of the description of Batik Mojokerto from office of Dinas Koperasi, Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Kota Mojokerto. This research reveals that there are 15 names of Batik Mojokerto motifs. In lexical classification there are 13 Noun Phrases, 1 Verb Phrase, and 1 Adjective Phrase. Besides, there are distinctive names of the motif which comprise animal reference, that is Sisik plant reference there are Mrico, Koro and Talas then the nature elements of Alas, Kali, Surya and Bulan There are 7 batik motif names which are influenced by socio cultural values of Mojokerto society. The names are: M rico Bolong, Sisik Gringsing, Mahkota Majapahit, Teratai Surya Majapahit, Surya Majapahit, Satrio Manah, and Gerbang Mahkota Raja There are 5 batik names which refer to nature. The names are Bunga Matahari, Daun Talas, Koro Renteng, Terang Bulan and Lerek Kali The last background is influenced by human lifestyle, are: Nam Kloso, Rawan Inggek, and Alas Mojopahit The writer expects the result of the research will be useful for the readers who are interested in the similar topic. The writer suggests the next researcher to conduct a similar research about relationship between language and culture to deeper analysis in socio cultural contexts.
The Piano Keyboard as Task Constraint: Timing Patterns of Pianists' Scales Persist Across Instruments
Year: 2019

Variation in one form or another is an inevitable aspect of human motor performance as the body negotiates the degrees of freedom problem while also adapting to ever changing task constraints. The constraints to action model suggests that movement patterns arise from within a framework of environmental, task, and personal constraints. Like athletes, musicians adapt to a wide variety of constraints such as the presence and effect of spectators; acoustics in different performing spaces; humidity affecting tuning; and interpersonal interactions characterizing chamber and ensemble music. A crucial constraint particular to piano performance is adapting to the unique attributes of a wide variety of keyboard instruments. Pianists often refer to the distinct "feel" of a particular instrument: its responsiveness and sensitivity; key resistance; and the evenness and predictability of the instrument. Movement control both within and across pianos is essential for optimal performance, and in that sense, each instrument presents a type of task constraint. In this study, seven pianists performed 10 bimanual, two octave, C major scales on 3 different piano keyboards to facilitate comparison of performance characteristics across instruments. Pianists performed 4 keystrokes per second, paced by a metronome set at 60 BPM. No timing differences were observed among keyboards as consistent patterns emerged, specifically anticipatory adjustments prior to thumb strokes. These results suggest that pianists are able to produce performances of similar musical structure across different instruments.
Testing for Trends in High Dimensional Time Series
Year: 2019

The article considers statistical inference for trends of high dimensional time series. Based on a modified distance between parametric and nonparametric trend estimators, we propose a de diagonalized quadratic form test statistic for testing patterns on trends, such as linear, quadratic, or parallel forms. We develop an asymptotic theory for the test statistic. A Gaussian multiplier testing procedure is proposed and it has an improved finite sample performance. Our testing procedure is applied to a spatial temporal temperature data gathered from various locations across America. A simulation study is also presented to illustrate the performance of our testing method.
Novel Molecular Signatures of Chikungunya Virus in Puerto Rico.
Venue: Puerto Rico health sciences journal
Year: 2019

The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arthropod borne Alphavirus transmitted to humans, primarily via Aedes mosquitoes. In Puerto Rico, the first locally transmitted infections were reported in May 2014. Although the virus strain in Puerto Rico is related to the Asian/American lineage, many autochthonous cases have emerged recently in the Caribbean region (including Puerto Rico) raising the question of how CHIKV will evolve and adapt in PR. Taking the role of the envelope glycoprotein (E1) in viral evolution and transmission as a given, we analyzed the genetic diversity of the Puerto Rican (PR) E1 gene sequences and the phylogenetic relationships between those sequences and sequences from other parts of the world.  To analyze the overall genetic variation, 772 nucleotide sequences of the E1 gene were obtained from the Virus Pathogen Resource (ViPR) A maximum likelihood analysis was performed to determine the phylogenetic relationships between the PR sequences and sequences from 48 countries around the world.  The analysis of the E1 gene identified variations at 4 nucleotide positions, which included synonymous and nonsynonymous mutations. In addition, 2 nonsynonymous amino acid changes, T207M and S120L, were unique to the PR CHIKV sequences, and T155I was found to be shared by the PR (n 3) and Colombia (n 1) strains.  Our analysis of the E1 gene revealed new molecular signatures in PR CHIKV sequences, 1 of which was also found in Colombia. While studies have shown possible relationships between T98A and A226V with viral adaptation and spread, no other PR sequence contained these vector adaptive mutations. Thus, constant monitoring of the virus remains an essential factor in the establishment of control strategies to track viral spread.
State of the art Type II antimonide based superlattice photodiodes for infrared detection and imaging
Venue: Optical Engineering Applications
Year: 2009

Type II InAs/GaSb Superlattice (SL) a system of multi interacting quantum wells was first introduced by Nobel Laureate L. Esaki in the 1970s. Since then, this low dimensional system has drawn a lot of attention for its attractive quantum mechanics properties and its grand potential for the emergence into the application world, especially in infrared detection. In recent years, Type II InAs/GaSb superlattice photo detectors have experienced significant improvements in material quality, structural designs and imaging applications which elevated the performances of Type II InAs/GaSb superlattice photodetectors to a comparable level to the state of the art Mercury Cadmium Telluride. We will present in this talk the current status of the state of the art Type II superlattice photodetectors and focal plane arrays, and the future outlook for this material system.
Scientific Opinion on the extension of use for DHA and EPA rich algal oil from Schizochytrium sp. as a Novel Food ingredient
Year: 2014

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on an extension of use for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) rich algal oil from Schizochytrium sp. as a novel food ingredient (NFI) in the context of Regulation (EC) No 258/97. The NFI is already authorised for use in a range of foodstuffs at specified maximum levels. The applicant requests an extension of use of the NFI in food supplements up to a maximum DHA and EPA content of 3 g per daily dose for the adult population, excluding pregnant and lactating women. In a previous opinion on the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of EPA, DHA and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) the Panel concluded that supplemental intake of EPA and DHA combined at doses up to 5 g/day, does not give rise to safety concerns for adults. Based on estimations of high intake of DHA and EPA from the NFI which are considered to be conservative, the Panel considers that this level will not be exceeded by the use of the NFI. The conclusion that there are no safety concerns for the NFI is supported by a 90 day study in which no adverse effect was observed at the highest dose tested of 5 equivalent to 3.149 and 3.343 g NFI/kg body weight per day for male and female rats. Following a request from a Member State, the Panel reviewed the evidence for an association between DHA and/or EPA intake and risk of prostate cancer. The Panel considers that, on the basis of available data, there is no evidence for a role of EPA and/or DHA intake in the development of prostate cancer. The Panel concludes that the NFI is safe under the proposed extension of use. (c) European Food Safety Authority, 2014
Causal relationships between energy consumption, foreign direct investment and economic growth for MINT: Evidence from panel dynamic ordinary least square models
Year: 2018

This research examines the interactions between economic growth, energy consumption and foreign direct investment among other factors using a panel dynamic ordinary least squares model for Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey (MINT) because they are emerging economies, have large population and favorable demography with high expectation for strong economic growth. To make the analysis more homogenous, these interactions were examined for individual country and as a group from 1990 to 2014 and coefficients of their long run economic growth function estimated. There exist a bi directional causal relationships between economic growth, energy consumption and FDI inflows for Mexico, a bi directional causal relationships between economic growth and energy consumption, between economic growth and FDI inflows, and an uni directional causal relationship from FDI to energy consumption for Indonesia. There also exist a bi directional causal relationships between economic growth and energy consumption, between economic growth and FDI inflows, and an uni directional causal relationship from FDI to energy consumption for Nigeria while Turkey had a bi directional causal relationships between economic growth, energy consumption and FDI inflows. Global panel reveals that there exist a bi directional causal relationships between economic growth and energy consumption, between economic growth and FDI inflows and an uni directional causal relationship from FDI to energy consumption. Diversification of economy to improve labor productivity is encouraged and over reliance on fossil fuel should be minimized.
The Rodent Forced Swim Test Measures Stress Coping Strategy, Not Depression like Behavior.
Venue: ACS chemical neuroscience
Year: 2017

The forced swim test (FST) measures coping strategy to an acute inescapable stress and thus provides unique insight into the neural limb of the stress response. Stress, particularly chronic stress, is a contributing factor to depression in humans and depression is associated with altered response to stress. In addition, drugs that are effective antidepressants in humans typically promote active coping strategy in the FST. As a consequence, passive coping in the FST has become loosely equated with depression and is often referred to as "depression like" behavior. This terminology oversimplifies complex biology and misrepresents both the utility and limitations of the FST. The FST provides little construct or face validity to support an interpretation as "depression like" behavior. While stress coping and the FST are arguably relevant to depression, there are likely many factors that can influence stress coping strategy. Importantly, there are other neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by altered responses to stress and difficulty in adapting to change. One of these is autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and several mouse genetic models of ASD exhibit altered stress coping strategies in the FST. Here we review evidence that argues a more thoughtful consideration of the FST, and more precise terminology, would benefit the study of stress and disorders characterized by altered response to stress, which include but are not limited to depression.
Occlusal plane flattening by miniscrew in skeletal open bite:a case report
Year: 2014

Different factors such as respiratory disorders, genetics, facial growth pattern, tongue malfunction and malposition are associated with anterior open bite. Skeletal open bite is often appeared by increased posterior dentoalveolar height of maxilla and backward rotation of mandible. Many treatment approaches have been developed for treatment of increased facial height problems. Achieving absolute anchorage has been a very efficient device for intrusion of posterior segments. In this article, the treatment of patient with severe skeletal open bite and facial imbalances was explained .researchers of the present study used mini screws for leveling of upper arch by intrusion of premolars .Then, appropriate orthognathic surgery was done.
Emocionar/Pensar: Escuchar/dialogar/leer/escribir: Investigar/aprender Un zeppelin para volar en la docencia universitaria
Year: 2012

Leyendo el libro "Escribir, leer y aprender en la universidad. Una introduccion a la alfabetizacion academica" de la Doctora Paula Carlino, llego a la conclusion de que los procesos de desarrollo de las competencias de lectura, escritura y aprendizaje estan estrechamente relacionados con los procesos para el desarrollo de la capacidad de escuchar, de dialogar, de investigar, y que todos estos verbos se mantienen en tension creativa a traves de la emocion y la razon, esto es mediante el asombro y el pensamiento. De hecho, creo que es valida la siguiente aseveracion de causalidad compleja: La investigacion y el aprendizaje son interdependientes y estan influenciados directamente, a su vez, por la escucha, el dialogo, la lectura y la escritura. Es un octaedro romboide regular, cuyo objetivo es volar, al mantenerse inflado de emotividad y tensionado por el pensamiento; y volar mas alto cuando el combustible es el pensamiento critico y autocritico. Tal es el espiritu que anima la presente contribucion.
Discovering the Recondite Secondary Metabolome Spectrum of Salinispora Species: A Study of Inter Species Diversity
Venue: PloS one
Year: 2014

Patterns of inter species secondary metabolite production by bacteria can provide valuable information relating to species ecology and evolution. The complex nature of this chemical diversity has previously been probed via directed analyses of a small number of compounds, identified through targeted assays rather than more comprehensive biochemical profiling approaches such as metabolomics. Insights into ecological and evolutionary relationships within bacterial genera can be derived through comparative analysis of broader secondary metabolite patterns, and this can also eventually assist biodiscovery search strategies for new natural products. Here, we investigated the species level chemical diversity of the two marine actinobacterial species Salinispora arenicola and Salinispora pacifica, isolated from sponges distributed across the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) via their secondary metabolite profiles using LC MS based metabolomics. The chemical profiles of these two species were obtained by UHPLC QToF MS based metabolic profiling. The resultant data were interrogated using multivariate data analysis methods to compare their (bio)chemical profiles. We found a high level of inter species diversity in strains from these two bacterial species. We also found rifamycins and saliniketals were produced exclusively by S. arenicola species, as the main secondary metabolites differentiating the two species. Furthermore, the discovery of 57 candidate compounds greatly increases the small number of secondary metabolites previously known to be produced by these species. In addition, we report the production of rifamycin O and W, a key group of ansamycin compounds, in S. arenicola for the first time. Species of the marine actinobacteria harbour a much wider spectrum of secondary metabolites than suspected, and this knowledge may prove a rich field for biodiscovery as well as a database for understanding relationships between speciation, evolution and chemical ecology.
A deterministic game interpretation for fully nonlinear parabolic equations with dynamic boundary conditions
Year: 2019

This paper is devoted to deterministic discrete game theoretic interpretations for fully nonlinear parabolic and elliptic equations with nonlinear dynamic boundary conditions. It is known that the classical Neumann boundary condition for general parabolic or elliptic equations can be generated by including reflections on the boundary to the interior optimal control or game interpretations. We study a dynamic version of such type of boundary problems, generalizing the discrete game theoretic approach proposed by Kohn Serfaty (2006, 2010) for Cauchy problems and later developed by Giga Liu (2009) and Daniel (2013) for Neumann type boundary problems.