nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' PREFERENCE AMONG E LEARNING, M LEARNING AND D LEARNING DURING COVID 19 PANDEMIC EXPERIENCE IN NIGERIA
Year: 2020

This study assessed students' preference among e learning, m learning and d learning during Covid 19 lockdown experience in Nigeria. The study targeted all SS3 students in all public and private secondary schools in Kaduna metropolis. This is a descriptive survey research and a total of 200 SS3 students were purposively sampled for the study but 194 questionnaire were retrieved for the study. Questionnaire was the instrument used to collect data from the respodents. The administration of the questionnaire was done by the researcher and the data collected were analyzed using frequency counts, percentages and mean statistical analysis. The results of the findings showed that, M learning is the most preferred learning mode during Covid 19 pandemic lockdown experience in Nigeria followed by D learning. It was also reported that parts of the challenges encountered in the use of e learning, m learning and d learning include lack of power supply, networked problem, lack of data to access internet, lack of technical staff to fix problem encountered during usage among others. The study equally indicated the possible solutions to the challenges encountered to include provision of facilities, devices and equipment for e learning, m learning and d learning, recruitment of technical staff to fix the problem encountered during usage and provision of free data to access e learning, m learning and d learning programmes developed for Nigerian students. Based on the findings, it is recommended that the government should aid the school authorities in making funds necessary available for the procurement of devices and equipment needed for e learning, m learning and d learning in Nigerian schools
Traitor Tracing from LWE Made Simple and Attribute Based
Venue: IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch.
Year: 2018

A traitor tracing scheme is a public key encryption scheme for which there are many secret decryption keys. Any of these keys can decrypt a ciphertext; moreover, even if a coalition of users collude, put together their decryption keys and attempt to create a new decryption key, there is an efficient algorithm to trace the new key to at least one the colluders.
Tuning of Na+ Concentration in an Ionic Liquid Electrolyte to Optimize Solid Electrolyte Interphase at Microplasma Synthesized Graphene Anode for Na Ion Batteries
Venue: ACS Sustainable Chemistry Engineering
Year: 2019

Two dimensional (2D) materials are promising anodes for Na ion batteries (NIBs) owing to their unique architectures and tunable physiochemical properties. However, their high surface area requires sophisticated electrolyte/electrode interface control to improve the charge discharge efficiency and reversibility. This study uses microplasma synthesized graphene nanosheets (MPGNSs) as a model 2D material. The effects of NaFSI concentration in N propyl N methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte are systematically investigated. It is found that the chemical composition of the solid electrolyte interphase depends on the electrolyte formulation, leading to distinct coulombic efficiency, discharge capacity, rate capability, and cyclability of the MPGNS electrodes. The thermal reactivity of the sodiated MPGNSs (in terms of exothermic onset temperature and total heat released) upon heating are studied using differential scanning calorimetry. The IL electrolyte with a proper Na+ fra.
Practical seismic petrophysics: The effective use of log data for seismic analysis
Year: 2011

A quick scan of the SEG web site shows that the phrase "seismic petrophysics" has been used explicitly in the title of a paper or abstract six times, the earliest of which was by Williams et al. in 1996 "The Hugoton cross well survey; A direct look at stratigraphy, seismic petrophysics and shale anisotropy" However, the first attempt at a definition and an expanded description of "seismic petrophysics" was published by Wayne Pennington in The Leading Edge in 1997 " An applied science for reservoir geophysics" He defines seismic petrophysics as follows: ".the purposeful application of rock physics theory, as calibrated by laboratory and well measurements, to the interpretation of seismic data."
Impacts of fire on sources of soil CO2 efflux in a dry Amazon rain forest
Venue: Global change biology
Year: 2018

Fire at the dry southern margin of the Amazon rainforest could have major consequences for regional soil carbon (C) storage and ecosystem carbon dioxide (CO2 emissions, but relatively little information exists about impacts of fire on soil C cycling within this sensitive ecotone. We measured CO2 effluxes from different soil components (ground surface litter, roots, mycorrhizae, soil organic matter) at a large scale burn experiment designed to simulate a severe but realistic potential future scenario for the region (Fire plot) in Mato Grosso, Brazil, over 1 year, and compared these measurements to replicated data from a nearby, unmodified Control plot. After four burns over 5 years, soil CO2 efflux (Rs was ~5.5 t C ha 1 year 1 lower on the Fire plot compared to the Control. Most of the Fire plot Rs reduction was specifically due to lower ground surface litter and root respiration. Mycorrhizal respiration on both plots was around ~20% of Rs Soil surface temperature appeared to be more important than moisture as a driver of seasonal patterns in Rs at the site. Regular fire events decreased the seasonality of Rs at the study site, due to apparent differences in environmental sensitivities among biotic and abiotic soil components. These findings may contribute toward improved predictions of the amount and temporal pattern of C emissions across the large areas of tropical forest facing increasing fire disturbances associated with climate change and human activities.
Research of Mobile Robot Path Planning Based on Genetic Algorithm
Year: 2016

Path planning is an important task in the field of robot. A new method of dividing genetic algorithm(GA) process is proposed,which is different from the traditional method that considers smoothness in GA process. After calculating a path using simplified GA method with a variable length coding, a new type of clothoid curve with wipe parameter is introduced to smooth the sharp turns. In the entire path planning process, the parameter can be chosen adaptively to generate a robot's walk path as soon as the barrier's coordinate is entered. The simulation results show that the method of separating smooth process from GA process simplifies GA method.The proposed method could efficiently decrease the path length as well as increase the path smoothness.
Distributed Programming Frameworks in Cloud Platforms
Year: 2019

Cloud computing technology has enabled storage and analysis of large volumes of data or big data. With cloud computing, a new discipline in computer science known as Data Science came into existence. Data Science is an interdisciplinary field which includes statistics, machine learning, predictive analytics and deep learning. It is meant for extracting hidden patterns from big data. Since big data consumes more storage space that cannot be accommodated with traditional storage devices, cloud computing resources of Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is used. Therefore, big data and big data analytics cannot exist without cloud computing. Another important fact is that big data can be subjected to analytics for obtaining Business Intelligence (BI) This process needs distributed programming frameworks like Hadoop, Apache Spark, Apache Flink, Apache Storm and Apache Samza. Without thorough understanding about these frameworks that run in cloud platforms, it is difficult to use them appropriately. Therefore, this paper throws light into a comparative study of these frameworks and evaluation of Apache Flink and Apache Spark with an empirical study. TeraSort benchmark is used for experiments.
Optimal reservation pricing strategy for a fashion supply chain with forecast update and asymmetric cost information
Venue: Int. J. Prod. Res.
Year: 2018

We address the reservation pricing problem for a two echelon fashion supply chain in which the downstream manufacturer with private information on its operations cost (low or high type) reserves the capacity for a critical component from the upstream supplier before placing the final order. We consider the case when the demand forecast is partially updated. We find that a novel menu of reservation contracts containing the unit reservation fee with reservation quantity and final order could induce the manufacturer to reveal its operations cost information truthfully. We also show that the supplier should require less capacity reservation and charge a lower unit reservation fee if it has asymmetric information about the manufacturer's operations cost. Finally, we analyse the effects of forecast update, and our results indicate that: (i) the supplier benefits from forecast update because the optimal reservation pricing strategy is designed to reveal the true information and meanwhile induce a higher capacity reservation; and (ii) a greater amount of forecast update decreases the supply chain deficit and increases the supplier's agency cost.
Modelling and Characterizing the Earth's Gravity Field: From Basic Principles to Current Purposes
Year: 2006

The Earth is a specific body in the Universe. Nowadays, thanks to the high accuracy of the measurements obtained by different techniques of geodesy, its shape, as well as its gravity field, can be described and characterized in a very precise way, with thousands of parameters: the Earth is a spherical body only in a very first approximation! In this paper, we start from Newton's universal law of gravitation; we remind the reader of some basic principles of the field theory, in order to get the development of a gravity field in spherical harmonics. Then we show the usual method of orbital dynamics used to get the coefficients of such a development. In practice, the development in spherical harmonics can also be used to describe the gravity field of each celestial body which does not differ too much from a sphere. But, it is all the more well adapted to the Earth as the temporal variations of many coefficients, which can be very high, can be linked to global geophysical and geody namical phenomena, enlighting the activity of an "alive planet" These phenomena, linked more or less to mass transfers between the different components of the Earth solid earth, oceans, atmosphere in particular are briefly discussed. We conclude with the current purposes about the modelling of the Earth gravity field, and with the required links which have to be kept and developed between geophysics, space geodesy, and celestial mechanics.
Efficient elimination of formaldehyde over Pt/Fe3O4 catalyst at room temperature
Venue: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
Year: 2020

Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a harmful carcinogen to human health. HCHO elimination is therefore a great significance for health safety. Room temperature HCHO catalytic oxidation is the most promising way for HCHO elimination. In this study, we developed Pt/Fe3O4 catalyst by co precipitation and hydrogen reduction method for HCHO elimination at room temperature. Characterizations of XRD and TEM revealed that Pt nanoparticles with size as small as 1.5 nm were highly dispersed on surface of support, H2 TPR and XPS suggested that Pt support interaction was significant promoted and oxygen vacancy was richly formed in the Pt/Fe3O4 catalyst. The catalyst exhibited 100% HCHO conversion at 1 ppm HCHO/air at space velocity of 150 L/(gh) and displayed 70% conversion at 100 ppm HCHO/air at higher space velocity of 600 L/(gh) at room temperature. The efficient performances were originated from the tiny size of Pt nanoparticles and the strong metal support interaction between Pt and Fe3O4. Infrared spectroscopy found that formate species were intermediates in the oxidation process, which decomposed to water and carbon dioxide at interface of Pt/Fe3O4 catalyst.
Expanding the genetic architecture of nicotine dependence and its shared genetics with multiple traits
Venue: Nature communications
Year: 2020

Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. Genetic variation contributes to initiation, regular smoking, nicotine dependence, and cessation. We present a Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) based genome wide association study in 58,000 European or African ancestry smokers. We observe five genome wide significant loci, including previously unreported loci MAGI2/GNAI1 (rs2714700) and TENM2 (rs1862416) and extend loci reported for other smoking traits to nicotine dependence. Using the heaviness of smoking index from UK Biobank (N 33,791) rs2714700 is consistently associated; rs1862416 is not associated, likely reflecting nicotine dependence features not captured by the heaviness of smoking index. Both variants influence nearby gene expression (rs2714700/MAGI2 AS3 in hippocampus; rs1862416/TENM2 in lung) and expression of genes spanning nicotine dependence associated variants is enriched in cerebellum. Nicotine dependence (SNP based heritability 8.6% is genetically correlated with 18 other smoking traits (rg 0.40 1.09) and co morbidities. Our results highlight nicotine dependence specific loci, emphasizing the FTND as a composite phenotype that expands genetic knowledge of smoking.
Contextualized Rewriting for Text Summarization
Venue: AAAI
Year: 2021

Extractive summarization suffers from irrelevance, redundancy and incoherence. Existing work shows that abstractive rewriting for extractive summaries can improve the conciseness and readability. These rewriting systems consider extracted summaries as the only input, which is relatively focused but can lose important background knowledge. In this paper, we investigate contextualized rewriting, which ingests the entire original document. We formalize contextualized rewriting as a seq2seq problem with group alignments, introducing group tag as a solution to model the alignments, identifying extracted summaries through content based addressing. Results show that our approach significantly outperforms non contextualized rewriting systems without requiring reinforcement learning, achieving strong improvements on ROUGE scores upon multiple extractive summarizers.
Internet financial reporting: The effects of information presentation format and content differences on investor decision making
Venue: Comput. Hum. Behav.
Year: 2012

Internet financial reporting provides investors with several options regarding which type of financial disclosures to view and the format in which to view these. However, research suggests that these options may result in unintended cognitive effects leading to less optimal decision making. Accordingly, this study examines the individual and joint impact of presentation format and information content on nonprofessional investors' decision making within the Internet financial reporting environment. Alternative presentation formats which vary in their navigational flexibility are studied to isolate the effects attributable to each format. Specifically, hyperlinked financial information is compared to paper based financial information. The effects of information content differences are also examined by investigating whether an unaudited letter from a company's management differentially affects hyperlink and paper users' investment judgments. We conduct an experiment in which graduate business students, proxies for nonprofessional investors, make financial investment related judgments and decisions. Our results show that hyperlink users used less effort on the investment task than users of paper based information. Furthermore, the management letter influenced the paper based users' forward looking judgments more so than the hyperlink users. The findings have implications for academic research, financial disclosure regulation and information systems design.
Characterization of growth hormone (GH) in Chinese soft shelled turtle: Molecular identification, capability in activating GH receptor and tissue distribution
Year: 2020

Growth hormone (GH) participates in many physiological processes through the activation of its membrane anchored receptor (GHR) in vertebrates. Because of its pivotal role in regulating growth and development, a large number of studies examining GH GHR have been conducted in mammals, birds and fish. However, whether a functional GH GHR pair exists in the Chinese soft shelled turtle (st has not been previously studied. Here, the full length cDNA encoding GH was cloned from Chinese soft shelled turtle (Trionyx sinensis) pituitary. The results revealed that it consisted of 784 bp and encoded a precursor of 217 amino acids. Furthermore, recombinant stGH was prepared and purified from Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain BL21. Using the 5xSTAT5 Luciferase reporter system, we found that stGHR expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells could be activated in a dose dependent manner by recombinant stGH, thereby triggering the intracellular JAK2 STAT5 signaling pathway, suggesting stGH is a functional ligand for stGHR. Quantitative real time PCR revealed that GH mRNA was predominantly and abundantly expressed in pituitary, while GHR exhibited ubiquitous expression in all tissues examined, including pituitary and liver. Collectively, our data indicate a conserved GH GHR pair might function in reptiles including Chinese soft shelled turtle, as that in mammals, birds and fishes.
Comparative epigenetics in animal physiology: An emerging frontier.
Venue: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part D, Genomics proteomics
Year: 2020

The unprecedented access to annotated genomes now facilitates the investigation of the molecular basis of epigenetic phenomena in phenotypically diverse animals. In this critical review, we describe the roles of molecular epigenetic mechanisms in regulating mitotically and meiotically stable spatiotemporal gene expression, phenomena that provide the molecular foundation for the intra inter and trans generational emergence of physiological phenotypes. By focusing principally on emerging comparative epigenetic roles of DNA level and transcriptome level epigenetic mark dynamics in the emergence of phenotypes, we highlight the relationship between evolutionary conservation and innovation of specific epigenetic pathways, and their interplay as a priority for future study. This comparative approach is expected to significantly advance our understanding of epigenetic phenomena, as animals show a diverse array of strategies to epigenetically modify physiological responses. Additionally, we review recent technological advances in the field of molecular epigenetics (single cell epigenomics and transcriptomics and editing of epigenetic marks) in order to (1) investigate environmental and endogenous factor dependent epigenetic mark dynamics in an integrative manner; (2) functionally test the contribution of specific epigenetic marks for animal phenotypes via genome and transcript editing tools. Finally, we describe advantages and limitations of emerging animal models, which under the Krogh principle, may be particularly useful in the advancement of comparative epigenomics and its potential translational applications in animal science, ecotoxicology, ecophysiology, climate change science and wild life conservation, as well as organismal health.
Seeing Glassware: from Edge Detection to Pose Estimation and Shape Recovery
Venue: Robotics: Science and Systems
Year: 2016

Perception of transparent objects has been an open challenge in robotics despite advances in sensors and datadriven learning approaches. In this paper, we introduce a new approach that combines recent advances in learnt object detectors with perceptual grouping in 2D, and projective geometry of apparent contours in 3D. We train a state of the art structured edge detector on an annotated set of foreground glassware. We assume that we deal with surfaces of revolution (SOR) and apply perceptual symmetry grouping in a 2D spherical transformation of the image to obtain a 2D detection of the glassware object and a hypothesis about its 2D axis. Rather than stopping at a single view detection, we ultimately want to reconstruct the 3D shape of the object and its 3D pose to allow for a robot to grasp it. Using two views allows us to decouple the 3D axis localization from the shape estimation. We develop a parametrization that uniquely relates the shape reconstruction of SOR to given a set of contour points and tangents. Finally, we provide the first annotated dataset for 2D detection, 3D pose and 3D shape of glassware and we show results comparable to category based detection and localization of opaque objects without any training on the object shape.
The Patterns of Code Switching in Pashto English Bilingual Data
Year: 2020

This study investigated the most dominant patterns of code switching in Pashto English bilingual data. The data was collected in the form of a semi structured interview and analyzed in the light of the framework of the Matrix Language Frame model. The study found out that insertion is the dominant pattern of code switching. The Embedded Language noun was the most prevalent switched element in the morpho syntax frame of Matrix Language. The second most embedded language insertion in the matrix language was the English nonfinite verbs in Pashto light verb construction. The Embedded language island was the third most dominant pattern. The switched elements in the bare DP and the bilingual VP are content words following the Morpheme Order and System Morpheme principles of Pashto.
Mobile Robotic Rehabilitation Assistant for walking and orientation training of Stroke Patients: A report on work in progress
Venue: 2014 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)
Year: 2014

As report on work in progress, this paper describes the objectives and the current state of implementation of the ongoing research project ROREAS (Robotic Rehabilitation Assistant for Stroke Patients) which aims at developing a robotic rehabilitation assistant for walking and orientation exercising in self training during clinical stroke follow up care. This requires strongly user centered, polite and attentive social navigation and interaction behaviors that can motivate the patients to start, continue, and regularly repeat their self training. Against this background, the paper gives an overview of the constraints and requirements arising from the rehabilitation scenario and the operational environment, a heavily populated multi level rehabilitation center, and presents the robot platform ROREAS which is currently used for developing the demonstrators (walking coach and orientation coach) Moreover, it gives an overview of the robot's functional system architecture and presents selected advanced navigation and HRI functionalities required for a personal robotic trainer that can successfully operate in such a challenging real world environment, up to the results of ongoing functionality tests and upcoming user studies.