nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Feed resources and its utilization practices by smallholder farmers in Meta Robi District, West Shewa Zone, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia.
Year: 2015

The study was carried out in Meta Robi district, West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Secondary data collection, field observation, key informants discussion and semi structured questionnaire interview were employed to generate data. The district was stratified into upper, mid and lower altitudes and a total of 90 respondents (upper=30, mid=30 and lower=30) were randomly selected and interviewed individually. The major feed resources were grazing of natural pasture (58.9% wheat straw (42.4% barley straw (30% and hay (21.1% During the dry season, 90% of the respondents feed their animal crop residues followed by hay (55.6% and stubble grazing (35.6% Natural pasture was the major feed source during the wet season. September (86.7% October (86.7% and November (74.4% were classified as months when feed available relatively in excess. Feed was adequately available in the months of December (52.2% January (54.4% June (46.7% July (52.2% and August (51.1% whereas February (83.3% March (95.6% April (96.7% and May (96.6% were classified as feed shortage months. In the study district, 22.2, 37.8, 36.7, and 3.3% of the respondents feed their animals in indoor, group feeding, let to graze and tethering, respectively. Among the grazing systems, continuous grazing, deferred grazing, and zero grazing systems were practiced by 62.2, 36.7 and 1.1% respectively. About 74.4% of the sampled households in the district did not produce improved forage mainly due to shortage of land (41.1% shortage of forage seeds (23.3% and lack of awareness (24.4%.Only 30, 20 and 20.6% of the respondents in upper, mid and lower altitudes manage their grazing land for better production. About 69% of the respondents in the district were transporting livestock feeds to their back yard for their livestock feeding. Feed conservation in upper, mid, lower altitudes and the study district was in the order of 96.7, 96.7, 56.7 and 83.3% respectively. Utilization of hay and crop residue was started soon after collection (47.8% one month after collection (15.6% two months after collection (17.8% and stay conserved over two months (18.9% Generally, the production, productivity, transportation, storage and utilization efficiency of the available feed were low and therefore, further research and development works should be designed to reverse the existing situation.
Physical activity levels across adult life and grip strength in early old age: updating findings from a British birth cohort
Venue: Age and ageing
Year: 2013

observational studies do not always find positive associations between physical activity and muscle strength despite intervention studies consistently showing that exercise improves strength in older adults. In previous analyses of the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) the 1946 British birth cohort, there was no evidence of an association between leisure time physical activity (LTPA) across adulthood and grip strength at age 53. This study tested the hypothesis that cumulative benefits of LTPA across mid life on grip strength will have emerged by age 60 64.  data from the MRC NSHD were used to investigate the associations between LTPA at ages 36, 43, 53 and 60 64 and grip strength at 60 64. Linear regression models were constructed to examine the effect of activity at each age separately and as a cumulative score, including adjustment for potential confounders and testing of life course hypotheses.  there were complete longitudinal data available for 1,645 participants. There was evidence of a cumulative effect of LTPA across mid life on grip strength at 60 64. Compared with the third of participants who reported the least LTPA participation across the four time points, those in the top third had on average 2.11 kg (95% CI: 0.88, 3.35) stronger grip after adjustments.  increased levels of LTPA across mid life were associated with stronger grip at age 60 64, in both men and women. As these associations have emerged since age 53, it suggests that LTPA across adulthood may prevent decline in grip strength in early old age.
ROAMNITURE Multi Stable Soft Robotic Structures
Year: 2017

The rise in robotics is not only changing fabrication research in architecture but increasingly providing opportunities for animating the materiality of architecture, offering responsive, performative and adaptive design possibilities for the built environment. A fundamental challenge with robotics is its suitability to safe, and comfortable use in proximity to the human body. Here we present the preliminary results of the Roamniture Project, a hybrid approach to developing kinetic architecture based on a combination of rigid and soft body dynamics.
Wild Rubber Extraction in the Peruvian Amazon: local perception and socioeconomic indicators as tools for decision making
Year: 2020

Forests play an important role in the life of indigenous communities. However, making nontimber forest management a profitable economic activity is a difficult task. Factors contributing to this difficulty include the increasing pressure from the market economy, which leads communities to opt for alternative economic activities such as agroforestry, timber harvest, cacao, and aquaculture. External institutions have implemented rubber projects to reintroduce the rubber extraction activity, but the outcomes of these projects are unknown. To help address this issue, our research was conducted in the Sinchi Roca I native community in Peru. The objectives were (1) to describe the process of wild rubber Hevea brasiliensis extraction? (2) to analyze the local perception by gender of rubber management? and (3) to evaluate the outcomes of this activity using socioeconomic criteria and indicators. Data collection techniques included in depth interviews, focus group discussions, and intra household surveys. First, we found that locals once extracted rubber with unsuitable techniques, which have improved with technical forest management. Second, wild extraction has a positive socioeconomic perception for the community, mainly because it provides income for basic needs. Surveyed families extract around 28,800 liters of rubber per year, averaging US$ 557.80 per family each year. Finally, we found that men and women participate in wild rubber extraction and decision making. However, women prefer not to actively participate in meetings with external institutions. Despite the benefits found, current use of silviculture techniques and community empowerment should be improved to take better advantage of existing potential.
Orbital Angular Momentum Waves: Generation, Detection, and Emerging Applications
Venue: IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials
Year: 2020

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) has aroused a widespread interest in many fields, especially in telecommunications due to its potential for unleashing new capacity in the severely congested spectrum of commercial communication systems. Beams carrying OAM have a helical phase front and a field strength with a singularity along the axial center, which can be used for information transmission, imaging and particle manipulation. The number of orthogonal OAM modes in a single beam is theoretically infinite and each mode is an element of a complete orthogonal basis that can be employed for multiplexing different signals, thus greatly improving the spectrum efficiency. In this paper, we comprehensively summarize and compare the methods for generation and detection of optical OAM, radio OAM and acoustic OAM. Then, we represent the applications and technical challenges of OAM in communications, including free space optical communications, optical fiber communications, radio communications and acoustic communications. To complete our survey, we also discuss the state of art of particle manipulation and target imaging with OAM beams.
Construire des libertes, augmenter le pouvoir d'agir
Year: 2014

L'Aide a la jeunesse off re aux jeunes et aux familles en diffi cultes sur le plan social et educatif une aide specialisee qui s'arrete en principe lorsque les jeunes atteignent l'age de dix huit ans. Pour pallier le caractere brutal que represente le couperet de la majorite pour des jeunes qui, ne disposant pas d'appuis familiaux pour les soutenir, cumulent les facteurs de precarite, le secteur de l'Aide a la jeunesse peut mobiliser une mesure d'aide specifi que, appelee mise en autonomie
Managing Big Data for Scientific Visualization
Year: 2015

Many areas of endeavor have problems with big data. Some classical business applications have faced big data for some time (e.g. airline reservation systems) and newer business applications to exploit big data are under construction (e.g. data warehouses, federations of databases) While engineering and scientific visualization have also faced the problem for some time, solutions are less well developed, and common techniques are less well understood. In this section we offer some structure to understand what has been done to manage big data for engineering and scientific visualization, and to understand and go forward in areas that may prove fruitful. With this structure as backdrop, we discuss the work that has been done in management of big data, as well as our own work on demand paged segments for fluid flow visualization.
Developing L2 productive language skills online and the strategic use of instructional tools
Year: 2020

Sequencing language production activities based on the inherent cognitive load of each activity type can improve student performance and self efficacy on high cognitive load language tasks like conversational speech (either face to face or via video chat) This ordering according to cognitive difficulty can scaffold learners in their development of second language (L2) productive skills. This article provides a research based rationale for this approach and includes several practical suggestions for how to design a rigorous and engaging online language course.
Heroes or Villains? The Dark Side of Charismatic Leadership and Unethical Pro organizational Behavior
Venue: International journal of environmental research and public health
Year: 2020

Although prior research has emphasized the disproportional contributions to organizations of charismatic leadership, an emerging line of research has started to examine the potentially negative consequences. In this paper, a theoretical framework was proposed for a study of unethical pro organization behavior through psychological safety based on social information processing theory, which reveals the detrimental effect that charismatic leadership can have on workplace behavior. To explore this negative possibility, a time lagged research design was applied for the hypotheses to be verified using 214 pieces of data collected from a service company in China. According to the results, unethical pro organizational behavior was indirectly influenced by charismatic leadership through psychological safety. Moreover, when employees experienced high performance pressure, charismatic leadership was positively associated with unethical pro organizational behavior through psychological safety. The implications of these findings were analyzed from the perspectives of charismatic leadership theory and organizational ethical activities to alter the unethical pro organizational behavior.
Crowdsource enabled integrated production and transportation scheduling for smart city logistics
Venue: International Journal of Production Research
Year: 2020

With city logistics becoming more and more important, increasing attention has been paid to the 'last mile delivery' in urban areas. We investigate a novel crowdsource enabled integrated production and transportation scheduling problem in the paper. The problem is first formulated into a mixed integer linear program and its strong NP hardness is proved. To better understand this complex problem, two sub problems: a production and transportation scheduling problem and a crowdsourced bid selection problem are analysed. Based on problem properties, a Genetic Algorithm (GA) and a lower bound (LB) are developed to solve the original problem. Experimental results with up to 100 customers show that the GA outperforms the well known commercial MIP solver CPLEX. Especially, (1) the GA can yield near optimal solutions for all the tested instances with an average gap of 10.17% from the lower bound, while CPLEX provides feasible solutions only for instances with no more than 30 customers; (2) the average computation time of the GA is only 0.93% of that required by CPLEX; Besides, sensitivity analysis demonstrates advantages of introducing crowdsourced delivery into city logistics.
Lichen diversity on tree trunks in tropical dry forests is highly influenced by host tree traits
Venue: Biodiversity and Conservation
Year: 2019

Tropical dry forests have been recognized as one of the most threatened ecosystems in the world due to deforestation. These ecosystems harbour a high endemicity of epiphytes, which play a major role in the functioning of the forests. Lichens constitute an important fraction of the epiphytes. These poikilohydric organisms respond drastically to disturbance, which is strongly linked to humidity and light availability. We hypothesized that richness and species composition of lichens would be related to differences in forest structure (e.g. canopy openness) promoted by deforestation, and by host tree characteristics, due to the fact that dry forests generally have poor microclimatic stratification and low diversity of tree species. In this study, we assessed the richness and composition of epiphytic lichens on the trunks of 513 trees in undisturbed and disturbed dry forests of southern Ecuador. Both lichen composition and richness were highly correlated with tree species and host tree traits such as bark structure and tree diameter. Additionally, epiphytic lichen diversity was related to canopy cover and tree richness at different disturbance levels. We conclude that epiphytic lichen communities in seasonal dry tropical forests of Ecuador are mainly limited by host tree traits and tree species. Loss of epiphytic lichen species in the studied forests is particularly due to loss of host trees such as Cochlospermum vitifolium and Eriotheca ruizii, that maintain high species richness.
Green supply chain management in construction: A systematic literature review and future research agenda
Venue: Journal of Cleaner Production
Year: 2019

The construction industry is responsible for significant environmental impact. Mounting ecological and societal concerns are driving construction to 'go green' Green supply chain management offers the potential of a systemic approach to facilitate transformation of the sector. Research on green supply chain management in construction has been growing in recent times but to date has not been systematically brought together. A systematic literature review (SLR) is presented, applying the high standards of rigour and transparency required by the methodology. From an initial search result of 207 papers, 44 were included in the detailed analysis. The papers are described in terms of publication outlet, date of publication, geographic setting, methods used, tools and techniques, conceptual definition, the role of stakeholders and practical implications. The findings are synthesized to propose a categorization of approach and a comprehensive definition of green supply chain management in construction. An agenda for future research is outlined which emphasizes the need for an end to end perspective, engagement with the unique characteristics of the industry, a focus on the ultimate goals of environmental sustainability, and on gaps in practical guidance, use of insights from relevant theoretical perspectives, and expansion to include critical stances.
Circular change detection in image time series inspired by two dimensional phase unwrapping
Venue: 2017 9th International Workshop on the Analysis of Multitemporal Remote Sensing Images (MultiTemp)
Year: 2017

A sheer amount of data is collected everyday by a large variety of remote sensing sensors and new acquisitions are continuously added to data records of existing Earth Observation archives. The unprecedented amount of information acquired on a study area can be useful for many remote sensing applications, but requires the solution of Big Data challenges. Based on these observations, the Circular change detection has been proposed as a novel framework that redefines the bi temporal change detection problem to take advantage of a full image time series. It evaluates the binary change variable in circular closed paths where it is a conservative quantity. In this paper, a strategy inspired by the 2D phase unwrapping is applied to this conservative variable to locate CD errors in pairs of images within the time series. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is established by experimental results obtained on synthetic and real datasets.
Multiple description video coding against both erasure and bit errors by compressive sensing
Venue: 2011 Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP)
Year: 2011

We propose a novel multiple description video coding (MDVC) technique for robust video transmission via lossy networks of both packet erasure and bit errors. The new MDVC technique is designed to meet two objectives: ultra fine description granularity and low encoder complexity, which allow resource deprived video transmitters (e.g. smart phones) to operate in time varying adverse network conditions. These design goals are met by the signal acquisition and coding strategy of compressive sensing, and by locally adaptive sparse representation of video signals.
Distinguishing Individuals from Organisations on Twitter
Venue: WWW
Year: 2017

Twitter is a popular public platform for individuals to share information and express opinions. It is also widely used as an active communication channel by many organisations. Analysis results about public opinion could thus be misrepresented and distorted if the posts generated by non individuals are appropriately handled motivating the need to identify the type of user accounts for social media analytics. In this paper, we demonstrate the utility of a joint text and network representation for classifying if a profile belongs to an individual or organisation. Crucially, combining the two feature types has not been shown before for this task. Our experimental results show that performance gains are possible but only when using our novel adaptation of the Text Associated DeepWalk(TADW) method.
ECC 2019: Lokal fortgeschrittenes Kolonkarzinom
Year: 2020

FOxTROT (Fluoropyrimidine Oxaliplatin and Targeted Receptor Pre Operative Therapy) ist eine Schlusselstudie zur Evaluation neoadjuvanter Chemotherapie bei Patienten mit lokal fortgeschrittenem Kolonkarzinom. Prof. Dion Morton, Birmingham/Grossbritannien und Prof. Philip Quirke, Leeds/Grossbritannien, waren beide massgeblich an der Durchfuhrung und Auswertung der Studie beteiligt. Nachdem ein Teil der finalen Ergebnisse bereits im Fruhjahr auf dem ASCO Kongress vorgestellt wurde, warteten die beiden Experten im Dezember 2019 auf dem European Colorectal Congress in St. Gallen mit vertieften Analysen und Schlussfolgerungen auf.
Parametric modeling method for design and bending failure analysis of graded lattice structures
Venue: Journal of Sandwich Structures Materials
Year: 2019

The graded lattice structures have advantages in optimizing structure. In this paper, a parametric modeling method of graded lattice structure is proposed. The continuum damage model is used to evaluate the failure load of the structures. In this paper, two types of graded lattice structure are built by parametric modeling method: the cell size changed graded lattice structure (the densities of the structures are constant) and the bar width changed graded lattice structure (the masses of the structures are constant) The failure loads of the structures under three point bending load are investigated. The results show that the smaller middle cell improves the bending failure load of the cell size changed graded lattice structures up to 52% and the wider sandwich bar in the middle of the structure improves the bending failure load of the Bar width changed graded lattice structures up to 31% Meanwhile, the graded parameter of the structures will influence the failure mode of the structures.
Brief Analysis about Pragmatic Function of Pun in English Advertising Based on Grice Cooperative Principle
Year: 2019

English advertisement is characterized by the diversity of its forms and the flexibility and originality of its language usage, its lexical and syntactic levels are considered as distinguished features, advertising English is also frequently employed rhetorical vehicles which are used as decorative devices of advertisement language, English advertising rhetoric commonly used different techniques to enhance the attraction and appeal, including puns, for its simple, lively, humorous features, it is widely used in English advertising. Puns can produce humor, express the advertisers' wit, then enhance the appeal of language, and to attract people's attention; what's more, the use of punning in English advertising can better promote economic development and stimulate consumer consumption. At present, many scholars at home and abroad have studied puns in English advertising, including the pragmatic functions and translation methods in English advertising. According to Grice Cooperative principle make your conversational contribution is required at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged. This article will analyses the pragmatic functions of puns in English advertisementsin combining advertising instances with the application of cooperative principle the paper.
Ni supported on CaO MgO Al2O3 as a highly selective and stable catalyst for H2 production via the glycerol steam reforming reaction
Year: 2019

A comparative study of the GSR performance for Ni/CaO MgO Al2O3 and Ni/Al2O3 catalysts is reported. Catalysts were synthesized applying the wet impregnation method at a constant metal loading (8 wt Synthesized samples were characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption, ICP, BET, XRD, NH3 TPD, CO2 TPD, H2 TPR, XPS, TEM, STEM HAADF and EDS. The carbon deposited on their surface under reaction conditions was characterized by TPO, Raman and TEM. It was proven that the use of CaO MgO as alumina modifiers leads to smaller nickel species crystallite size, increased basicity and surface amount of Ni0 phase. Thus, it increases the conversion to gaseous products favoring H2 and CO2 production to the detriment of CO formation, by enhancing the water gas shift (WGS) reaction. No liquid products were produced by the Ni/modAl catalyst over 550 degC, whereas time on stream results confirmed that deactivation can be prevented, as apart from decreasing the amount of coke deposition the nature of carbon was altered towards less graphitic and more defective structures.