nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Construcoes de topico em foco: uma investigacao sobre o fenomeno da topicalizacao na cidade de Governador Nunes Freire/MA
Year: 2019

Esta dissertacao tem por objetivo descrever e analisar a fala da cidade de Governador Nunes Freire como locus que manifesta sinais do Portugues Brasileiro, a partir do fenomeno das Construcoes de Topico, no ambito da sintaxe da Lingua Portuguesa. Em nosso estudo, buscamos investigar como tal fenomeno se apresenta na fala dos moradores da referida cidade considerando a comunidade de pratica especifica desta investigacao os participantes envolvidos em audiencias criminais para saber se esse fenomeno interfere nas relacoes estruturais que regem a nossa lingua. Para isso, utilizamo nos da seguinte metodologia: pesquisa sociolinguistica, de natureza exploratoria qualiquantitativa, cujo processo inclui coleta de dados, definicao dos grupos sociais, descricao linguistica dos dados e analise dos resultados obtidos. Os dados apresentados aqui foram recolhidos de depoimentos prestados no Forum do municipio de Governador Nunes Freire/MA, entre os anos de 2015 a 2018, totalizando 16 depoimentos, divididos em grupos de homens e de mulheres, subdivididos por faixa etaria e escolaridade. Como fundamentacao teorica, valemo nos do Funcionalismo como base epistemologica da Sociolinguistica, bem como de suas vertentes: a Sociolinguistica Interacionista e o Sociofuncionalismo, tendo em vista que o principio fundamental das citadas teorias e analisar a lingua em uso, assim como nos propomos neste trabalho. O conceito de topico utilizado em nosso estudo e o de Perini (2006) que o classifica como uma funcao discursiva, que, embora seja representada formalmente (colocacao no inicio do periodo) tem a ver com a situacao de comunicacao, por acreditarmos ser tal conceito o que melhor se encaixa no ambito de nossa pesquisa. Assim, trabalhamos com as ideias de Topico Sentencial e de Topico Discursivo, verificando qual dos dois tipos e mais frequente em cada grupo e se fatores sociais influenciam nessas realizacoes, sendo constatado que as realizacoes das Construcoes de Topico estao presentes em todos os grupos de falantes investigados, independente de sexo. Porem, percebemos que o fator faixa etaria e o fator escolaridade foram predominantes em segmentos sociais diferentes, sendo o Topico Sentencial mais frequente em grupo de mulheres de menor faixa etaria e o Topico Discursivo mais frequente no grupo de homens de maior escolaridade. Percebemos, tambem, na fala daquela comunidade de pratica que, apesar de nem sempre poder ser analisado sintaticamente, o topico nao agramaticaliza a sintaxe das oracoes de nossa lingua, ao contrario, torna a comunicacao mais dinamica e fluida. Ja que, mais que uma funcao sintatica, o topico possui uma funcao comunicativa, nao devendo, portanto, ser analisado de forma descontextualizada.
Complete genome analysis of a novel temperate bacteriophage induced from Corynebacterium striatum
Venue: Archives of Virology
Year: 2019

A temperate bacteriophage, IME1320_01, was induced by mitomycin C treatment from Corynebacterium striatum. This phage possesses a double stranded DNA genome of 40,086 bp with a G+C content of 58% A total of 53 putative open reading frames (ORFs) were identified in its genome. BLASTn analysis revealed that IME1320_01 had the highest sequence similarity to Corynebacterium striatum strain 216, with a genome homology coverage of 44% and highest sequence identity of 95% The termini of the phage genome was non redundant, with a 13 nt 3' protruding cohesive end. To the best of our knowledge, phage IME1320_01 is the first inducible phage to be identified in Corynebacterium striatum.
Sparse Coding for Alpha Matting
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Year: 2016

Existing color sampling based alpha matting methods use the compositing equation to estimate alpha at a pixel from the pairs of foreground (F) and background (B) samples. The quality of the matte depends on the selected (F,B) pairs. In this paper, the matting problem is reinterpreted as a sparse coding of pixel features, wherein the sum of the codes gives the estimate of the alpha matte from a set of unpaired F and B samples. A non parametric probabilistic segmentation provides a certainty measure on the pixel belonging to foreground or background, based on which a dictionary is formed for use in sparse coding. By removing the restriction to conform to (F,B) pairs, this method allows for better alpha estimation from multiple F and B samples. The same framework is extended to videos, where the requirement of temporal coherence is handled effectively. Here, the dictionary is formed by samples from multiple frames. A multi frame graph model, as opposed to a single image as for image matting, is proposed that can be solved efficiently in closed form. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations on a benchmark dataset are provided to show that the proposed method outperforms the current stateoftheart in image and video matting.
Depression among Chinese older adults: A perspective from Hukou and health inequities.
Venue: Journal of affective disorders
Year: 2017

Previous studies have suggested that socioeconomic status is linked to health status. However, most of these studies have been conducted in developed countries, whose social settings are different from those in China. Hukou (household registration) status, one of China's main socioeconomic indicators, has received limited attention in the literature.  The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between different Hukou statuses, and depression, among older adults in China.  The data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) In total, 7409 Chinese older adults aged 60 and over were included in the survey. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD 10) was used to assess depressive symptoms. The various Hukou statuses were coded into four categories: villager, temporary rural to urban migrant, permanent rural to urban migrant and urban local citizen.  The results indicated that the level of depressive symptoms was significantly higher among villagers (beta [ss] 1.40, 95%CI 0.83 1.96) temporary migrants (beta [ss] 0.97 95%CI 0.38 1.56) and permanent migrants (beta [ss] 0.52 95%CI 0.04 1.00) than among urban local citizens. In addition, people who had experienced changes in their Hukou status before age 16 were more likely to have depressive symptoms (beta [ss] 1.39, 95% CI 0.20 2.58) LIMITATIONS Being cross sectional, this study is insufficient for determining causal relationships between Hukou status and depression.  Our findings suggest that deeper reform of the Hukou system, and greater efforts to eliminate the health disparities associated with that system, are needed in China.
Personality and Behavior Prediction and Consistency Across Cultures: A Multimethod Study of Blacks and Whites in South Africa
Venue: Journal of personality and social psychology
Year: 2018

The cross cultural universality of behavior's consistency and predictability from personality, assumed in trait models though challenged in cultural psychological models, has usually been operationalized in terms of beliefs and perceptions, and assessed using single instance self reports. In a multimethod study of actual behavior across a range of situations, we examined predictability and consistency in participants from the more collectivistic Black ethnic group and the more individualistic White group in South Africa. Participants completed personality questionnaires before the behavior measurements. In Study 1, 107 Black and 241 White students kept diaries for 21 days, recording their behaviors and the situations in which they had occurred. In Study 2, 57 Black and 52 White students were video recorded in 12 situations in laboratory settings, and external observers scored their behaviors. Across both studies, behavior was predicted by personality on average equally well in the 2 groups, and equally well when using trait adjective and behavior based personality measures. The few cultural differences in situational variability were not in line with individualism collectivism; however, subjective perceptions of variability, operationalized as dialectical beliefs, were more in line with individualism collectivism: Blacks viewed their behavior as more variable than Whites. We propose drawing a distinction between subjective beliefs and objective behavior in the study of personality and culture. Larger cultural differences can be expected in beliefs and perceptions than in the links between personality and actual behavior.
Serum Carotenoids, Tocopherols, Total n 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, and n 6/n 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio Reflect Brain Concentrations in a Cohort of Centenarians
Venue: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences
Year: 2019

Investigating the role of nutrition on cognitive health is challenging. Human brain tissue is inaccessible in living humans and is often limited in deceased individuals. Therefore, biomarkers of brain nutrient levels are of interest. The objective of this study was to characterize the relationships between levels of fat soluble nutrients in serum and matched brain tissues from the frontal and temporal cortices of participants in the Georgia Centenarian Study (n 47) After adjusting for sex, race, cognitive status (Global Deterioration Scale) body mass index, and presence of hypertension and/or diabetes, there was a significant relationship (p 0.05) between serum and brain levels of carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin, b carotene) a g tocopherols, total n 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and n 6/n 3 PUFA ratio. The relationship between serum and brain total n 6 PUFAs was inconsistent among the two brain regions. No significant relationship was identified between serum and brain retinol, total saturated fatty acid, total monounsaturated fatty acid, and trans fatty acid levels. These findings suggest that serum carotenoids, tocopherols, total n 3 PUFAs, and n 6/n 3 PUFA ratio reflect levels in brain and can be used as surrogate biomarkers in older population.
Robotics and science literacy: Thinking skills, science process skills and systems understanding
Year: 2008

This paper reports the results of a study of the relationship of robotics activity to the use of science literacy skills and the development of systems understanding in middle school students. Twenty six 11 12 year olds (22 males and 4 females) attending an intensive robotics course offered at a summer camp for academically advanced students participated in the research. This study analyzes how students utilized thinking skills and science process skills characteristic of scientifically literate individuals to solve a robotics challenge. In addition, a pre/post test revealed that course participants increased their systems understanding, t (21) 1/4 22.47, p .05. It is argued that the affordances of the robotics environment coupled with a pedagogical approach emphasizing open ended, extended inquiry prompts the utilization of science literacy based thinking and science process skills and leads to increased systems understanding. 2008 Wiley Periodicals,  373 394, 2008
New insights into an old issue examining the influence of tourism on economic growth: evidence from selected small island developing states
Year: 2019

This paper uses relatively new heterogeneous panel autoregressive distributed lag cointegration methods to re examine the long run equilibrium and Granger causality relationship between tourism and economic growth for the small island developing states (SIDSs) In addition, the study incorporates energy consumption and foreign direct investment (FDI) as alternative growth determinants, during the period 1995 2014. After allowing for the heterogeneous country effect, a positive and statistically significant long run equilibrium relationship between tourism, energy consumption, FDI, and gross domestic product, with a moderate convergence rate towards the long run path is confirmed. The panel Granger causality test as proposed by Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) Testing for Granger non causality in heterogeneous panels. Economic Modelling, 29(4) 1450 1460. shows bidirectional causality running from tourism to economic growth, from tourism to energy consumption and from energy consumption to economic growth, and unidirectional causality between FDI and tourism, between economic growth and FDI, and between FDI and energy consumption. Our empirical findings provide support for tourism induced growth, tourism induced energy consumption, tourism induced investment, and the energy consumption economic growth relationship in the case of SIDSs. Our empirical results resonate with the existing findings with major policy implications for the SIDSs.
Liquid to gas transition derived cobalt based nitrogen doped carbon nanosheets with hierarchically porous for oxygen reduction reaction
Year: 2020

Here, Co@CoOx based three dimensional nitrogen doped graphene like carbon nanosheets (denoted as 3D HPN GCNS/Co@CoOx) are fabricated by controllable grading pyrolysis strategy, in which they show 3D fluffy and hierarchically porous nanostructure in and out of plane; large numbers of Co@CoOx based nanoparticles uniformly embedded on graphene like C nanosheets and mesoporous active edge introduce more ORR active sites. When applied for ORR, hybrids exhibit a half wave potential (E1/2) of 0.87 V and an onset potential (Eonset) of 0.92 V in 0.1 M KOH, comparable to that of commercial 20% Pt/C. The hybrids display better methanol tolerance and stability, with almost no change of ORR performance before and after 5000 cycles. H2O2 yield in ORR process is less than 5% and number of electron transfer is higher than 3.9. The remarkable features are mainly ascribed to synergistic enhancement effect, in which 3D fluffy and hierarchically porous nanostructure in and out of plane supplies large accessible specific activity area, allows species to efficiently participate in ORR and facilitates fast mass transfer; graphene like C nanosheets with N rich dopant promote O2 adsorption and assure fast electron transport; large numbers of Co@CoOx based nanoparticles introduce more ORR active sites. All the advantages synergistically enhance the ORR efficiency and make it a highly efficient ORR catalyst.
Financial Inclusion and Optimal Monetary Policy
Year: 2014

Limited access to the formal financial sector is a common feature of the economic environment in many emerging market and developing economies. In this paper, we examine how the level of financial inclusion affects welfare maximising monetary policy. Our theoretical framework is based on Gali, Lopez Salido and Valles (2004) In this model, only financially included households are able to borrow and save to smooth consumption in the face of income volatility. We show that optimal monetary policy implies a positive relationship between the share of financially included households and the ratio of output volatility to inflation volatility. We find strong empirical support for the model's predictions using a broad cross country dataset on financial inclusion. The empirical results are driven primarily by central banks with a high degree of autonomy in their monetary policy decisions, who might be most likely to set monetary policy optimally.
A Bag Level Data Imbalanced Multiple Instance Hyperspectral Target Representation
Venue: 2018 9th Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing (WHISPERS)
Year: 2018

Recently, multiple instance learning (MIL) tends to be a popular method for hyperspectral target representation since it does not require the detailed information about the target. However, the data imbalance problem occurred in MIL usually has negative effects on the representation of hyperspectral target. To solve the problem, this paper propose a bag level data balance inducing multiple instance learning method for hyperspectral target representation. The method aims to balance the positive and negative bags by synthesizing new positive bags since the number of positive bags in the training data set is much smaller than that of negative bags. Experimental results show that the proposed method can improve the target representation ability and enhance the target detection performance.
Media Effects and Marginalized Ideas: Relationships Among Media Consumption and Support for Black Lives Matter
Year: 2019

Building on research analyses of Black Lives Matter media portrayals, this inquiry uses a two wave panel survey to examine the effects news coverage has on the evaluation of the core ideas from the Black Lives Matter social movement agenda. Results show that conservative media use increases negative evaluations; models suggest this relationship works as a multidirectional feedback loop. Mainstream and liberal media consumptions do not lead to more positive views about Black Lives Matter's core ideas.
The evolution of surfaces and their measurement
Year: 2009

Surfaces and their interactions are at the heart of living systems and all moving objects. They have fascinated man from the ancient Egyptians, through Leonardo Da Vinci in the Renaissance period, to nanotechnologists of today. This paper elucidates the science of surfaces and their interactions, covering the importance of surfaces and how they influence us all in terms of energy, environment and quality of life. It attempts to uncover the story of mankind"s deepening understanding of surfaces and their measurement, and to provide an overview of surface measurement and shows how current thinking has evolved from a complicated historical background.
PatentTransformer 1.5: Measuring Patent Claim Generation by Span Relevancy
Venue: JSAI isAI Workshops
Year: 2019

PatentTransformer is our codename for patent text generation based on Transformer based models. Our long term goal of patent claim generation is to realize "augmented inventing" for inventors by leveraging new Deep Learning techniques. We envision the possibility of building an "auto complete" function for inventors to conceive better inventions in the era of artificial intelligence. In order to generate patent claims with reasonable quality, a fundamental question is how to measure the quality. In PatentTransformer 1.5, we tackle the problem from the perspective of claim span relevancy as a proof of concept. Patent claim language was rarely explored in the NLP field. In this work, we propose a span based approach and a generic framework to measure patent claim generation quantitatively. In order to study the effectiveness of patent claim generation, we define a metric to measure whether two consecutive spans in a generated patent claims are relevant. We treat such relevancy measurement as a span pair classification problem, following the concept of natural language inference. Technically, the span pair classifier is implemented by fine tuning a pre trained language model. The patent claim generation is implemented by fine tuning the other pre trained model. Specifically, we fine tune a pre trained Google BERT model to measure the patent claim spans generated by a fine tuned OpenAI GPT 2 model. In this way, we re use two of the state of the art pre trained models in the NLP field. Our result shows the effectiveness of the span pair classifier after fine tuning the pre trained model. It further validates the quantitative metric of span relevancy in patent claim generation. Particularly, we found that the span relevancy ratio measured by BERT becomes lower when the diversity in GPT 2 text generation becomes higher.
A Survey on LPWAN Technologies in WBAN for Remote Health Care Monitoring
Venue: Sensors
Year: 2019

In ubiquitous health care monitoring (HCM) wireless body area networks (WBANs) are envisioned as appealing solutions that may offer reliable methods for real time monitoring of patients' health conditions by employing the emerging communication technologies. This paper therefore focuses more on the state of the art wireless communication systems that can be explored in the next generation WBAN solutions for HCM. Also, this study addressed the critical issues confronted by the existing WBANs that are employed in HCM. Examples of such issues include wide range health data communication constraint, health data delivery reliability concern, and energy efficiency, which are attributed to the limitations of the legacy short range, medium range, and the cellular technologies that are typically employed in WBAN systems. Since the WBAN sensor devices are usually configured with a finite battery power, they often get drained during prolonged operations. This phenomenon is technically exacerbated by the fact that the legacy communication systems, such as ZigBee, Bluetooth, 6LoWPAN, and so on, consume more energy during data communications. This unfortunate situation offers a scope for employing suitable communication systems identified in this study to improve the productivity of WBANs in HCM. For this to be achieved, the emerging communication systems such as the low power wide area networks (LPWANs) are investigated in this study based on their power transmission, data transmission rate, data reliability in the context of efficient data delivery, communication coverage, and latency, including their advantages, as well as disadvantages. As a consequence, the LPWAN solutions are presented for WBAN systems in remote HCM. Furthermore, this research work also points out future directions for the realization of the next generation of WBANs, as well as how to improve the identified communication systems, to further enhance their productivity in WBAN solutions for HCM.
Positive Impact of Nutritional Interventions on Serum Symmetric Dimethylarginine and Creatinine Concentrations in Client Owned Geriatric Dogs
Venue: PloS one
Year: 2016

A prospective study was conducted in client owned geriatric dogs to evaluate the short term effects of a test food on serum symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and creatinine (Cr) concentrations. Test food contained functional lipids (fish oil) antioxidants (lipoic acid, vitamins C and E) L carnitine, botanicals (fruits and vegetables) controlled sodium concentration, and high quality protein sources (high bioavailability and an ideal amino acid composition) Dogs (n 210) were fed either test food or owner's choice foods (non nutritionally controlled cohort) Dogs were included based on age and body weight: small (6.8 to 11.4 kg) and medium dogs (11.5 to 22.7 kg) were 9 years, whereas dogs >22.7 kg were 7 years at baseline. At baseline, all dogs had to have serum Cr concentrations within the reference interval and be free of chronic disease. Renal function biomarkers and urinalysis results at baseline, and after consuming test food or owner's choice foods for 3 and 6 months, were evaluated. Only dogs consuming test food showed significant decreases in serum SDMA and Cr concentrations (both P 0.05) across time. At baseline or during the 6 month feeding trial, 18 dogs (8.6% had increased serum SDMA, but normal serum Cr, consistent with IRIS Stage 1 chronic kidney disease. This included 9 dogs fed test food and 9 dogs fed owner's choice foods. Compared with baseline, after feeding 9 dogs test food for 6 months, serum SDMA decreased in 8 dogs and increased in 1 dog. After feeding 9 dogs owner's choice foods for 6 months, serum SDMA decreased in 4 dogs and increased in 4 dogs (remained stable in 1 dog) The decreases in serum SDMA and Cr concentrations were significant (both P 0.03) only for dogs fed test food. These results suggest that nonazotemic dogs with elevated serum SDMA (early renal insufficiency) when fed a test food designed to promote healthy aging are more likely to demonstrate improved renal function compared with dogs fed owner's choice foods.