nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Diffraction of a Plane E polarized Wave on Waveguide Van Atta Array, Placed on the Surface of PEC Cylinder
Venue: 2019 Radiation and Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves (RSEMW)
Year: 2019

The two dimensional problem of the diffraction of a plane E polarized wave on a Van Atta waveguide array located on the surface of a perfectly conducting circular cylinder is solved. The radiators in the form of open ends of waveguides are connected by plane parallel multimode waveguides of uniform length. The task is reduced to solving an integral equation for the magnetic field vector over the entire surface of the cylinder, which is reduced to an infinite system of linear algebraic equations for the coefficients of the expansion of the magnetic field vector for a complex Fourier series in azimuthal harmonics. The solution of the equation was received strictly and approximately. An expression for the scattering diagram is obtained, represented through the geometrical parameters of the structure.
The impacts of COVID 19 on Environmental Sustainability: A Brief study in World Context
Year: 2021

The novel outbreak of Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID 19) and the ensuing global pandemic in 2020, has brought with it a number of unprecedented side effects. This resulted in a number of measures, including state mandated lockdowns, as well as restrictions to economic and social activity. The direct effects of these measures were felt in the economy, as well as in key institutions within society; however, there were also indirect results from these changes. This review article focuses on these indirect effects, towards sustainable environment. It points to the fact that the net effect has been positive; in terms of reduction in greenhouse emissions, oil exploration activities, and pollution. By extension, at risk ecosystems have been given improved environmental quality. Taken together, the article traces the progression of the virus and ensuing pandemic, in order to better understand how the environment was sustained.
Der Eurocode 2 fur Deutschland Erlauterungen und Hintergrunde
Year: 2010

Der neue Eurocode 2: "Bemessung und Konstruktion von Stahlbeton und Spannbetontragwerken Teil 1 1: Allgemeine Bemessungsregeln und Regeln fur den Hochbau" (EC2 1 1) mit seinem Nationalen Anhang ist nach einer ausfuhrlichen Erprobungsphase bereit zur bauaufsichtlichen Einfuhrung in Deutschland. In mehreren Beitragen sollen Erlauterungen und Hintergrunde zu einigen Regelungen im Eurocode 2 und zu den Entscheidungen fur Regeln im Nationalen Anhang vorgestellt werden, die entweder zu Anderungen gegenuber DIN 1045 1 oder zu Abweichungen vom Eurocode 2 fuhrten. Teil 2 enthalt Erlauterungen zu den Grundlagen der Tragwerksplanung, zur Sicherstellung der Dauerhaftigkeit, zu den Baustoffeigenschaften und zu den Spannungs Dehnungslinien. The Eurocode 2 for Germany Explanations and Backgrounds Part 2: Basics, Durability, Materials, Stress Strain Relationships The new Eurocode 2 "Design of concrete structures Part 1 1: General rules and rules for buildings" (EC2 1 1) and its National Annex has undergone a phase of detailed testing and is now ready for the implementation in Germany. In some articles should be given explanations and backgrounds of some rules in Eurocode 2 and of decisions for rules in the National Annex, which have been taken either to changes compared with DIN 1045 1 or to differences to Eurocode 2. Article 2 contains explanations for the basis of design, for the durability, for the material properties and for the stress strain relationships.
A Simple but Effective Method to Incorporate Multi turn Context with BERT for Conversational Machine Comprehension
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2019

Conversational machine comprehension (CMC) requires understanding the context of multi turn dialogue. Using BERT, a pre training language model, has been successful for single turn machine comprehension, while modeling multiple turns of question answering with BERT has not been established because BERT has a limit on the number and the length of input sequences. In this paper, we propose a simple but effective method with BERT for CMC. Our method uses BERT to encode a paragraph independently conditioned with each question and each answer in a multi turn context. Then, the method predicts an answer on the basis of the paragraph representations encoded with BERT. The experiments with representative CMC datasets, QuAC and CoQA, show that our method outperformed recently published methods +0.8 F1 on QuAC and +2.1 F1 on CoQA) In addition, we conducted a detailed analysis of the effects of the number and types of dialogue history on the accuracy of CMC, and we found that the gold answer history, which may not be given in an actual conversation, contributed to the model performance most on both datasets.
Relationship between Environmental Regulation and Industrial Green Innovation Based on Spatial Econometrics
Year: 2018

Based on the panel data of 30 provincial administrative regions in China from 2007 to 2016, the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial green innovation was studied in this paper based on spatial econometric model. The results show that industrial green innovation has a significant positive spatial spillover effect. There are some significant differences in the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial green innovation. Among them, the command type environmental regulation has a significant positive direct impact on industrial green innovation; the incentive type environmental regulation has no significant effect on industrial green innovation; public participation type environmental regulation has significant positive direct and indirect effects on industrial green innovation. Regional industrial structure and economic level also have a significant positive impact on industrial green innovation, in which regional economic level has direct and indirect effects on industrial green innovation. According to the research conclusions, some suggestions for the operability of the green innovation development of China's regional industries were proposed.
THE UTILIZATION OF MASSIVE OPEN ONLINE COURSE CONCEPT DURING CORONA PANDEMIC OUTBREAK
Year: 2020

The development of the digital world in the industrial era 4.0 is currently encouraging the creation of innovation in various fields and aspects of life. With easy internet access and digital innovation in every public service, of course, it has a positive impact on human life today. The creation of innovations in various fields of business both for the manufacturing business, food and beverage, convection, tourism, services, health and not lagging in the field of education services at this time. With these abnormal environmental conditions, of course, the use of digital media and internet connections has an important role when searching and disseminating information, as a medium of communication and strongly supports the teaching and learning process online. The problem is how an educator (instructor) can improve self competence, independent learning when staying at home. The concept of massive open online courses is the right solution for educators and anyone who wants to improve their competence and learn online with a variety of material topics to choose from.
Contingency modelling for construction projects using fuzzy set theory
Year: 2015

The purpose of this paper is to present a newly developed fuzzy set based model for estimating, allocating, depleting, and managing contingency fund over the life cycle of construction projects.  Fuzzy set theory is utilized in the design and development of proposed contingency modelling framework to incorporate uncertainties associated with the development phases of construction projects. A set of developed indices, measures, and ratios are introduced to quantify and characterize these uncertainties. The developed framework is designed to incorporate expert opinion and provide user system interaction.  The results obtained from the application of the developed framework on actual project case not only illustrate its accuracy, but also demonstrate its capabilities for contingency management over life cycle of construction projects. Unlike other methods, the framework provides project managers with structured method for contingency depletion utilizing a set
Factors associated with consumption of alcohol in older adults a comparison between two cultures, China and Norway: the CLHLS and the HUNT study
Venue: BMC Geriatrics
Year: 2017

BackgroundThere is little knowledge about the consumption of alcohol among Chinese and Norwegian older adults aged 65 years and over. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and factors related to alcohol consumption among older adults in China and Norway.MethodsThe Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) data in 2008 2009 conducted in China and The Nord Trondelag Health Study data in 2006 2008 (HUNT3) conducted in Norway were used. Mulitvariable logistic regression was used to test the factors related to alcohol consumption.ResultsThe prevalence of participants who drink alcohol in the Chinese and Norwegian sample were 19.88% and 46.2% respectively. The weighted prevalence of participants with consumption of alcohol in the Chinese sample of women and men were 7.20% and 34.14% respectively. In the Norwegian sample, the prevalence of consumption of alcohol were 43.31% and 65.35% for women and men, respectively. Factors such as younger age, higher level of education, living in urban areas, living with spouse or partner, and better health status were related to higher likelihood of alcohol consumption among Norwegian older women and men; while reported better health status and poorer life satisfaction were related to higher likelihood of alcohol consumption among Chinese. In addition, rural males and older females with higher level of education were more likely to consume alcohol.ConclusionThe alcohol consumption patterns were quite different between China and Norway. Besides economic development levels and cultures in the two different countries, demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, overall health status, and life satisfaction were associated with alcohol consumption as well.
Impact of Human Resource Management (HRM) Practices on Hotel Industry's Performance: The Mediating role of Employee Competencies
Year: 2018

The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of human resource management practices on hotel industry performance by means of employee competencies. An integrated research model was developed by combining principal factors from existing literature. Data were collected through questionnaire from 700 employees of the selected hotels. The validity of the model and hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling (SEM) The reliability and validity of the dimensions are established through confirmatory factor analysis. The results indicate that some human resource management practices influence organizational performance through their impact on employee competencies. Career planning and performance appraisal however, do not impact employee competencies of the firms studied. The research was undertaken in the hotel industry and the analysis based on cross sectional data which cannot be generalized across a broader range of sectors and international environment. The findings of the study have the potential to help stakeholders and management of hotels in adopting properly and well articulated HRM practices in building human capital and stimulating the necessary behaviours that create advantage for the organization. This study contributes to the human resource management literature, integrating HRM practices and employee competencies into a comprehensive research model that impacts organizational performance.
Large Scale QSAR in Target Prediction and Phenotypic HTS Assessment
Venue: Molecular informatics
Year: 2012

The advent of in silico compound target prediction offers a potential paradigm shift in how large compound collections are understood and used strategically in high throughput screens (HTS) Specifically, phenotypic HTS hits may be annotated both with known targets and predicted targets using large scale QSAR models, enabling a more sophisticated hit assessment. Efforts in massive bioactivity data integration and standardization is empowering such compound target annotations. These approaches differ fundamentally from the traditional role of QSAR in lead optimization and binding affinity predictions to global, probabilistic target predictions for thousands of human proteins.
HSCJN: A Holistic Semantic Constraint Joint Network for Diverse Response Generation
Venue: Comput. Speech Lang.
Year: 2021

The sequence to sequence (Seq2Seq) model generates target words iteratively given the previously observed words during decoding process, which results in the loss of the holistic semantics in the target response and the complete semantic relationship between responses and dialogue histories. In this paper, we propose a generic diversity promoting joint network, called Holistic Semantic Constraint Joint Network (HSCJN) enhancing the global sentence information, and then regularizing the objective function with penalizing the low entropy output. Our network introduces more target information to improve diversity, and captures direct semantic information to better constrain the relevance simultaneously. Moreover, the proposed method can be easily applied to any Seq2Seq structure. Extensive experiments on several dialogue corpuses show that our method effectively improves both semantic consistency and diversity of generated responses, and achieves better performance than other competitive methods.
DIET COMPOSITION EXPLAINS REDUCTIONS IN STREAM SALAMANDER OCCUPANCY AND ABUNDANCE ALONG A CONDUCTIVITY GRADIENT
Year: 2018

OF THESIS DIET COMPOSITION EXPLAINS REDUCTIONS IN STREAM SALAMANDER OCCUPANCY AND ABUNDANCE ALONG A CONDUCTIVITY GRADIENT Changes in land use such as mountaintop removal mining with valley fills (MTR/VF) affect chemical, physical, and hydrological properties of headwater streams. Although numerous stream taxa have experienced significant declines from MTR/VF, stream salamanders appear to be particularly sensitive. Yet, the specific mechanism(s) responsible for the population declines has eluded researchers. We sampled salamander assemblages across a continuous specific conductivity (SC) gradient in southeastern Kentucky and estimated occupancy rates and abundance estimates along this gradient. We also examined the diet of larval and adult salamanders to determine if autochthony (A/T prey) total prey volume, and body condition is influenced by SC. As SC increased, occupancy and abundance declined consistently among all salamander species and life stages. Diet composition explained the declines; for example, larval salamanders experienced a 12 fold decline in autochthony, a 4.2 fold decline in total prey volume, and a rapid decline in body condition as SC increased. Our results indicate that SC indirectly affects stream salamander populations by eliminating an adequate availability of aquatic prey for salamanders, which in turn lead may lead to reduced population persistence in streams with elevated SC.
Systematic audit of third party android phones
Venue: CODASPY '14
Year: 2014

Android has become the leading smartphone platform with hundreds of devices from various manufacturers available on the market today. All these phones closely resemble each other with similar hardware and software features. Manufacturers must therefore customize the official Android system to differentiate their devices. Unfortunately, such heavily customization by third party manufacturers often leads to serious vulnerabilities that do not exist in the official Android system. In this paper, we propose a comparative approach to systematically audit software in third party phones by comparing them side by side to the official system. Specifically, we first retrieve pre loaded apps and libraries from the phone and build a matching base system from the Android open source project repository. We then compare corresponding apps and libraries for potential vulnerabilities. To facilitate this process, we have designed and implemented DexDiff, a system that can pinpoint fine structural differences between two Android binaries and also present the changes in their surrounding contexts. Our experiments show that DexDiff is efficient and scalable. For example, it spends less than two and half minutes to process two 16.5MB (in total) files. DexDiff is also able to reveal a new vulnerability and details of the invasive CIQ mobile intelligence software.
The sacrifice, the feast and the power of the priesthood in the Xango cult of Recife
Year: 2018

The Xango religion of Recife is a the cult of the orixas, gods of West African (mainly Yoruba) derivation syncretized with the saints of Lusitanian popular Catholicism. The essential act of the cult consists of sacrifice and feasting: animal slaughter, during which the faithful sing, dance and experience trances. The cult characteristics imply a whole set of responses to environmental pressures of various kinds, with oppositions of a dialectical character between the community and domination; the initiate as a ritual son and the initiate as a client; the meat and the feast; and the sacrifice and the party. In other words, between the practical requirements of culture and its surplus that transpires as the feast and as the holy and the beautiful.
Testing the General Theory of Crime with the Circumplex Model: Curvilinear Relations between Family Functioning and Self Control
Venue: Deviant Behavior
Year: 2019

The relation between family and low self control is usually studied within linear hypotheses. In this study, we intended to test the familial origin of self control under a curvilinear hypothesis. This is a cross sectional study, with a sample of 448 adolescents and young adults. Data analysis was based on correlation and regression based statistics. Results revealed linear associations between family functioning and juvenile deviant behavior, contrary to self control which presented curvilinear relations with family cohesion and flexibility (i.e. both high and low extreme levels were associated with low self control) This finding suggests a new approach to the familial origin of low self control.
Ecological approaches to perceptual learning: learning to perceive and perceiving as learning
Venue: Adapt. Behav.
Year: 2019

In this theoretical review article, our primary goal is to contribute to the post cognitivist understanding of learning to perceive and perceiving as learning, by discussing a framework for perception and perceptual learning initiated by James J Gibson, and extended by Eleanor J Gibson and others. This Ecological Psychology has a coherent set of assumptions based on the concept of mutualism between the perceiving organism and its surroundings, and the idea of affordances as action possibilities of the surround that are perceptible by the organism. At the same time, Ecological Psychology, broadly construed, consists of different perspectives that take different routes to address questions related to the core concepts of perceptual learning. In this article, we focus on three theoretical stances within Ecological Psychology on the issue of perceptual learning: that of Eleanor J Gibson, the current theory of direct learning by Jacobs and Michaels, and the "organicist" approach based on ideas of organicist biology and developments in evolutionary biology. We consider perceptual learning as embedded in development and evolution, and we explore perceptual learning in more depth in the context of tool use and language development. We also discuss the relation between Ecological Psychology and Enactivism on the nature of perception. In conclusion, we summarize the benefits of Ecological Psychology, as a robust but still developing post cognitivist framework, for the study of perceptual learning and cognitive science in general.
PERFORMANCE EFFICIENCY OF THE JORDANIAN ISLAMIC BANKS USING DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS AND FINANCIAL RATIOS ANALYSIS
Year: 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the development of the relative efficiency of Jordanian Islamic banks performance over time (2005 2009) using two different approaches: Malmquist Data Envelopment Analysis and Financial Ratio Analysis. There are 3 Islamic banks in Jordan, one of which has been established recently, 2010. The results reveal that Jordanian Islamic banks are constantly efficient in term of their inputs producing actual outputs, using both approaches, during the study period. However, the variation between the sample banks is not significant. In addition, there is no significant evidence on the association between DEA and FRA bank rankings It is recommended that Jordanian Islamic banks managers should increase their banks efficiency by improving recourse utilization to produce optimal outputs.
Performance Analysis of Automated Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques
Year: 2019

Diabetic Retinopathy is related to a combination of eye disorder due to difficulty of mellitus. This disorder leads to complete blindness or vision loss. Automated methods for detecting and classifying the type of disease into normal or abnormal have important medical application. Here, deep learning and machine learning techniques are used to classify a given set of images into normal or abnormal classes. In machine learning section, local binary pattern (LBP) technique is used for feature extraction. Random forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are the two best machine learning algorithms taken for classification purpose. AlexNet, VGG16 and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) are used as the deep learning techniques. Single algorithms are optimise with respect to their parameters, and are compare the parameters in terms of their accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision and F1 score. The accuracy of SVM, RF, AlexNet, VGG16 and LSTM were found to be 88.33% 94.16% 98.35% 99.17% and 97.5% Also, the performance evaluation table of machine learning and deep learning algorithms were tabulated using these parameters.
Critical Evaluation of the New Rural Urban Labor Mobility in China: Reasons and Effect of Rural Urban Labor Migration on Urban and Rural Labor Market
Year: 2012

With the reforms of the Chinese economy, an enormous new moving population of rural urban migrants is transforming the rural and urban labor force. Expected rural urban income differences are used instead of absolute income diversity, namely the migrant is motivated by predictable income streams over time rather than by current earnings. Also, the employment opportunity is not exclusive determinant for rural urban migration and some factors from both rural and urban sectors should be taken into account. The relationship between urban resident and rural migrant employment is consistent with the existence of continued labor market segmentation. It is also the increasing competition between the two groups. Meanwhile, many evidences indicate that there are two simultaneous phenomena which are surplus labor in rural areas and rising rural migrant wages in urban areas.