nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Attribute Prototype Network for Zero Shot Learning
Venue: NeurIPS
Year: 2020

From the beginning of zero shot learning research, visual attributes have been shown to play an important role. In order to better transfer attribute based knowledge from known to unknown classes, we argue that an image representation with integrated attribute localization ability would be beneficial for zero shot learning. To this end, we propose a novel zero shot representation learning framework that jointly learns discriminative global and local features using only class level attributes. While a visual semantic embedding layer learns global features, local features are learned through an attribute prototype network that simultaneously regresses and decorrelates attributes from intermediate features. We show that our locality augmented image representations achieve a new state of the art on three zero shot learning benchmarks. As an additional benefit, our model points to the visual evidence of the attributes in an image, e.g. for the CUB dataset, confirming the improved attribute localization ability of our image representation. The code will be publicaly available at this https URL.
The Problems Experienced in the Integration Process of Syrian Students into the Turkish Education System.
Year: 2018

This study aimed to determine the problems experienced at schools in the integration process of Syrian students into the Turkish Education System according to 66 school principals from 10 different cities of Turkey. The study was designed with mixed research methodology. According to the research results, there are some problems about the physical condition of schools, the dialogue between Turkish and Syrian students, Syrian students' behaviors at school, the teaching methods of the teachers, administrative processes at school, parent teacher association, teachers' communication with Syrian students and the supply of guidance services.
Global aetiology and epidemiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications
Venue: Nature Reviews Endocrinology
Year: 2018

Globally, the number of people with diabetes mellitus has quadrupled in the past three decades, and diabetes mellitus is the ninth major cause of death. About 1 in 11 adults worldwide now have diabetes mellitus, 90% of whom have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Asia is a major area of the rapidly emerging T2DM global epidemic, with China and India the top two epicentres. Although genetic predisposition partly determines individual susceptibility to T2DM, an unhealthy diet and a sedentary lifestyle are important drivers of the current global epidemic; early developmental factors (such as intrauterine exposures) also have a role in susceptibility to T2DM later in life. Many cases of T2DM could be prevented with lifestyle changes, including maintaining a healthy body weight, consuming a healthy diet, staying physically active, not smoking and drinking alcohol in moderation. Most patients with T2DM have at least one complication, and cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. This Review provides an updated view of the global epidemiology of T2DM, as well as dietary, lifestyle and other risk factors for T2DM and its complications.
Effective language and literacy instruction: Evaluating the importance of scripting and group size components
Year: 2018

Identification of intervention program components most strongly associated with children's outcomes is essential for designing programs that can be taken to scale. In this effectiveness study, a population representative sample of 5436 3 6 year old Danish children from 154 daycare centers participated in a cluster randomized evaluation of three variations of a language literacy focused curriculum (LEAP) comprising 40 twice weekly 30 min lessons. LEAP LARGE and LEAP SMALL conditions involved educators' implementation of a scope and sequence of objectives using scripted lessons provided to whole class and small groups, respectively. In LEAP OPEN, educators followed the scope and sequence but were allowed to determine the instructional activities for each of 40 lessons (i.e. they received no scripted lessons) A business as usual (BAU) condition served as the control. Overall, the largest effect sizes for children's language and emergent literacy outcomes were found for LEAP OPEN, although the other two LEAP conditions had positive effects for literacy outcomes. Analysis of moderation effects showed no moderation effects for children's socioeconomic status or for non Danish children. Finally, there was a significant association between children's amount of exposure to the program and both language and literacy outcomes, with higher exposure associated with better outcomes: specifically, non Danish children benefitted more than native Danish children from higher exposure for language outcomes. This study indicated that an essential component in language and emerging literacy intervention at scale is an explicit sequence and scope of learning objectives, whereas group size and provision of scripted lessons may be less important.
A calibrated asymptotic framework for analyzing packet classification algorithms on GPUs
Venue: The Journal of Supercomputing
Year: 2019

Packet classification is a computationally intensive, highly parallelizable task in many advanced network systems like high speed routers and firewalls. Recently, graphics processing units (GPUs) have been exploited as efficient accelerators for parallel implementation of software packet classifiers. However, due to the lack of a comprehensive analysis framework, none of the conducted studies to date has efficiently exploited the capabilities of the complex memory subsystem of such highly threaded machines. In this work, we combine asymptotic and calibrated analysis frameworks to present a more efficient framework that not only can boost the straightforward design of efficient parallel algorithms that run on different architectures of GPU but also can provide a powerful analysis tool for predicting any empirical result. Comparing analytical results with the experimental findings of ours and other researchers who have implemented and evaluated packet classification algorithms on a variety of GPUs evinces the efficiency of the proposed analysis framework.
Abnormal prefrontal activity subserving attentional control of emotion in remitted depressed patients during a working memory task with emotional distracters
Venue: Psychological Medicine
Year: 2011

Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) show deficits in processing of facial emotions that persist beyond recovery and cessation of treatment. Abnormalities in neural areas supporting attentional control and emotion processing in remitted depressed (rMDD) patients suggests that there may be enduring, trait like abnormalities in key neural circuits at the interface of cognition and emotion, but this issue has not been studied systematically.  Nineteen euthymic, medication free rMDD patients (mean age 33.6 years; mean duration of illness 34 months) and 20 age and gender matched healthy controls (HC; mean age 35.8 years) performed the Emotional Face N Back (EFNBACK) task, a working memory task with emotional distracter stimuli. We used blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure neural activity in the dorsolateral (DLPFC) and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) ventral striatum and amygdala, using a region of interest (ROI) approach in SPM2.  rMDD patients exhibited significantly greater activity relative to HC in the left DLPFC [Brodmann area (BA) 9/46] in response to negative emotional distracters during high working memory load. By contrast, rMDD patients exhibited significantly lower activity in the right DLPFC and left VLPFC compared to HC in response to positive emotional distracters during high working memory load. These effects occurred during accurate task performance.  Remitted depressed patients may continue to exhibit attentional biases toward negative emotional information, reflected by greater recruitment of prefrontal regions implicated in attentional control in the context of negative emotional information.
Bifurcation analysis of modified Leslie Gower predator prey model with Michaelis Menten type prey harvesting
Year: 2013

In the present paper we discuss bifurcation analysis of a modified Leslie Gower prey predator model in the presence of nonlinear harvesting in prey. We give a detailed mathematical analysis of the model to describe some significant results that may arise from the interaction of biological resources. The model displays a complex dynamics in the prey predator plane. The permanence, stability and bifurcation (saddle node bifurcation, transcritical, Hopf Andronov and Bogdanov Takens) of this model are discussed. We have analyzed the effect of prey harvesting and growth rate of predator on the proposed model by considering them as bifurcation parameters as they are important from the ecological point of view. The local existence and stability of the limit cycle emerging through Hopf bifurcation is given. The emergence of homoclinic loops has been shown through simulation when the limit cycle arising though Hopf bifurcation collides with a saddle point. This work reflects that the feasible upper bound of the rate of harvesting for the coexistence of the species can be guaranteed. Numerical simulations using MATLAB are carried out to demonstrate the results obtained.
The Large Sky Area Multi Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST)
Year: 2012

The Large Sky Area Multi Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST, also called the Guo Shou Jing Telescope) is a special reflecting Schmidt telescope. LAMOST's special design allows both a large aperture (effective aperture of 3.6 m 4.9 m) and a wide field of view (FOV) (5 deg It has an innovative active reflecting Schmidt configuration which continuously changes the mirror's surface that adjusts during the observation process and combines thin deformable mirror active optics with segmented active optics. Its primary mirror (6.67 mx6.05 m) and active Schmidt mirror (5.74 mx4.40 m) are both segmented, and composed of 37 and 24 hexagonal sub mirrors respectively. By using a parallel controllable fiber positioning technique, the focal surface of 1.75 m in diameter can accommodate 4000 optical fibers. Also, LAMOST has 16 spectrographs with 32 CCD cameras. LAMOST will be the telescope with the highest rate of spectral acquisition. As a national large scientific project, the LAMOST project was formally proposed in 1996, and approved by the Chinese government in 1997. The construction started in 2001, was completed in 2008 and passed the official acceptance in June 2009. The LAMOST pilot survey was started in October 2011 and the spectroscopic survey will launch in September 2012. Up to now, LAMOST has released more than 480 000 spectra of objects. LAMOST will make an important contribution to the study of the large scale structure of the Universe, structure and evolution of the Galaxy, and cross identification of multiwaveband properties in celestial objects.
Dynamic rerouting of the carbohydrate flux is key to counteracting oxidative stress
Venue: Journal of biology
Year: 2007

Eukaryotic cells have evolved various response mechanisms to counteract the deleterious consequences of oxidative stress. Among these processes, metabolic alterations seem to play an important role.  We recently discovered that yeast cells with reduced activity of the key glycolytic enzyme triosephosphate isomerase exhibit an increased resistance to the thiol oxidizing reagent diamide. Here we show that this phenotype is conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans and that the underlying mechanism is based on a redirection of the metabolic flux from glycolysis to the pentose phosphate pathway, altering the redox equilibrium of the cytoplasmic NADP(H) pool. Remarkably, another key glycolytic enzyme, glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is known to be inactivated in response to various oxidant treatments, and we show that this provokes a similar redirection of the metabolic flux.  The naturally occurring inactivation of GAPDH functions as a metabolic switch for rerouting the carbohydrate flux to counteract oxidative stress. As a consequence, altering the homoeostasis of cytoplasmic metabolites is a fundamental mechanism for balancing the redox state of eukaryotic cells under stress conditions.
ibromyalgia Health Assessment Questionnaire Sensitivity to Change
Year: 2019

To analyze the responsiveness of the Fibromyalgia Health Assessment Questionnaire (FHAQ) in a group of patients with fibromyalgia (FM) Methods: Observational, prospective and longitudinal study related to the project ICAF was taken part in 15 Spanish centers. 232 patients were included and diagnosed of FM: 98.3% were women, the mean age was 47 years old, they were analyzed at a basal visit and 3 months visit, afterwards an appropriated treatment was prescribed. The statistical analysis was performed including: mean comparison, mean standardized response (RME) basal standard media (DE) intraclass correlation coefficient (R) standard error of the mean (EEM) minimal detectable difference (DMD) and percentage change in real.  The difference in mean comparison of the FHAQ in the baseline visit and the 3 months visit was of 0.098 (95% CI: 0.034 0.16) with a P<.003. Nevertheless the RME was 0.21, a slightly change, the DE=0.57, R=0.81, EEM=0.25, and the DMD=0.69. The percentage change in real was 17% (39 patients) But the sense of the change was positive in 28 cases (less punctuation in the 3 months visit) and negative in other 11 cases (higher punctuation in the 3 months visit)  The punctuation in the 3 months visit was significant better than the basal, but the results of this study do not let it to consider that the FHAQ have enough change susceptibility to recommend it in longitudinal studies. The well knowing fact, some patients can become worse with the treatment prescribed would be to the detriment of the FHAQ psychometric value.
Experimental study for seismic retrofit of non seismic designed reinforced concrete structures
Year: 2011

An evaluation of seismic performance was conducted for a reinforced concrete (RC) structure designed without seismic considerations. The seismic performances of many existing structures are often inadequate based on the current seismic design codes, and it is sure that this is the general tendency in most countries. Six specimens were designed and constructed to simulate RC frames built in the 1980s, before the introduction of earthquake resistance design provisions in South Korea. The specimens were composed of one control specimen without any retrofit and five specimens retrofitted using wire bracing, brick infill wall, steel bracing (X and K type) and corner gusset plate. All retrofitted specimens show significant increase in strength and ductility. The behaviours of each specimen are compared in the view of maximum strength, maximum moment, stiffness and energy dissipation capacity. Overall, efficiency analysis was also demonstrated in this study.
Persons with diabetes report poorer quality of life the Croatian SF 36 health study
Year: 2006

The study was aimed at determining quality of life (QOL) in patients with diabetes using the SF 36 Health Survey, and comparing it with that in patients with cardiovascular diseases/risks and healthy individuals.  Data obtained from the Croatian SF 36 Health Survey of 9070 examinees were estimated on entire adult Croatian population using individual weight scores. Physical and mental health dimensions (PF Physical Functioning, RP Role Physical, BP Bodily Pain, GH General Health, VT Vitality, SF Social Functioning, RE Role Emotional, MH Mental Health) and the overall QOL self evaluations were analysed in 4 groups: patients with cardiovascular diseases/risks hypertension, stenocardia, myocardial infarction, heart insufficiency, stroke, hyperlipidemia (CD) diabetes mellitus (DM) diabetes and cardiovascular diseases/risks (DM_CD) and healthy individuals (HI) Some known QOL mediators (age, gender, financial status, education, employment) were considered during the analysis. Data on diseases/risks were anamnestic.  Negative correlation was found between all QOL dimensions and age (Spearman Rank Correlation test p<0.001) Higher QOL scores were obtained in men compared to women, excepting overall QOL which was lower in men than women (t test p<0.001) Results were also analysed by the age and gender defined subgroups (n=28) The four groups (CD, DM, DM_CD, HI) were significantly different in all QOL dimensions (Kruskal Wallis test p<0.001) HI (n=2084978) CD (n=1096608) DM (n=56543) DM_CD(n=239949) QOL 63.45+ 23.80 56.11+ 26.05 58.75+ 26.97 49.46+ 25.84 PF 85.68+ 22.64 63.16+ 29.34 66.13+ 26.67 54.61+ 29.25 RP 81.64+ 35.15 51.95+ 45.00 59.80+ 44.86 39.09+ 44.30 BP 77.50+ 26.58 58.69+ 29.18 60.70+ 29.25 51.94+ 29.90 GH 67.95+ 20.68 48.69+ 20.44 51.05+ 21.68 41.38+ 20.37 VT 64.12+ 19.26 50.25+ 21.45 55.87+ 22.05 43.86+ 22.68 SF 84.62+ 21.41 70.77+ 27.21 73.46+ 27.71 61.64+ 28.90 RE 83.10+ 34.43 65.86+ 43.89 74.92+ 40.06 53.03+ 46.78 MH 70.50+ 17.71 60.23+ 20.44 63.62+ 18.65 54.91+ 21.30 Data are mean+ SD The lowest scores were obtained in DM_CD examinees, followed by CD and DM, whereas the highest scores were in HI. Differences remained stable across all subgroups.  Diabetes is associated with poorer QOL independently of age and gender. Concomitant cardiovascular disease and risks additionally diminish diabetic patients' quality of life.
Teaching with technology in higher education: understanding conceptual change and development in practice
Year: 2017

Research indicates that teachers' conceptions of and approaches to teaching with technology are central for the successful imple mentation of educational technologies in higher education. This study advances this premise. We present a 10 year longitudinal study examining teachers' conceptions of and approaches to teaching and learning with technology. Nine teachers on an online Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy and a Master of Pharmacy programme at a Swedish university were studied using a phenomenographic approach. Results showed clear differences between novice and experienced teachers. Although novice teachers initially held more teacher focused conceptions, they demonstrated greater and more rapid change than experienced colleagues. Experienced teachers tended to exhibit little to no change in conceptions. Supporting conceptual change should, therefore, be a central component of professional development activities if a more effective use of educational technology is to be achieved.
[ANMCO/SIC/GISE/ARCA/SIRM Consensus document: Description of coronary atherosclerosis for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic purposes]
Venue: Giornale italiano di cardiologia
Year: 2019

Both conventional coronary angiography and cardiac computed tomography have greatly improved our diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of patients with either suspected or confirmed coronary artery disease. Although several other tools can provide information about coronary anatomy or function, invasive coronary angiography and, more recently, coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) are the most commonly used imaging modalities. Coronary atherosclerosis is the most common disease of the coronary arteries and its presence identifies patients at increased risk of events. As a matter of fact, coronary atherosclerosis represents the major determinant for the occurrence of events and the development of ischemic heart disease. Coronary atherosclerosis can translate into plaques that may eventually progress to critical stenosis causing myocardial ischemia. More commonly, atherosclerotic lesions are non obstructive. Their presence, number and extent negatively affect prognosis independently of other mechanisms. In order to improve prognosis, optimal medical therapy should be initiated to halt disease progression and/or to stabilize atherosclerotic plaques. It is therefore of paramount importance to describe the presence of atherosclerotic lesions well beyond those lesions potentially or undoubtedly capable of inducing myocardial ischemia. These latter lesions may in fact benefit from an interventional or surgical treatment. However, most events are caused by non obstructive lesions that may often be missed.In common practice, the description of coronary anatomy is not structured in a universal model and each Center applies its own (albeit arbitrary) rules. This consensus document is a collaborative work of some of the major Italian Scientific Societies to offer scientific support to those healthcare professionals who, at different levels, report on coronary anatomy or receive the description of coronary anatomy of patients. After a brief description of the available techniques used to explore the coronary anatomy, the best available evidence in support of a detailed description of coronary atherosclerosis is summarized. In order to promote a useful translation of the information into practice, several recommendations for the correct reporting of coronary anatomy and the suggested treatment for the different clinical scenarios are provided. The aim of this consensus document is to refine the description of coronary anatomy as offered by both invasive coronary angiography and CCTA to improve risk stratification of patients undergoing coronary imaging in clinical practice and to select the most appropriate treatment for improving cardiovascular outcomes.
Faster R CNN Deep Learning Model for Pedestrian Detection from Drone Images
Venue: SN Comput. Sci.
Year: 2020

Pedestrian detection from a drone based images has many potential applications such as searching for missing persons, surveillance of illegal immigrants, and monitoring of critical infrastructure. However, it is considered as a very challenge computer vision problem due to the variations in camera point of view, distance from pedestrian, changes in illuminations and weather conditions, variation in the surrounding objects, as well as present of human like objects. Recently, deep learning based models are getting more attention, and they have proven a great success in many object detection problems such as the detection of faces, breast masses, and vehicles. As such, this work aims to develop a deep learning based model that will be applied for the problem of pedestrian detection from a drone based images. Particularly, faster region based convolutional neural network (Faster R CNN) will be used to search for the present of a pedestrian inside the captured drone based images. To assess the performances, a total of 1500 images were collected by S30W drone and these images were captured at different places, with various views and weather conditions, and at daytime and night time. Results show that Faster R CNN was able to achieve a promising result with 98% precision, 99% recall, and 98% F1 measure. Further analysis has been conducted by comparing the outcomes of Faster R CNN with YOLO deep model on UAV123 publicly available dataset. The reported results indicated that both detection models almost reported very similar results.
Ultrasound for "Lung Monitoring" of Ventilated Patients
Venue: Anesthesiology
Year: 2015

LUS is normally performed in supine patients. Operator should firstly locate the diaphragm and the lungs. Lung consolidation or pleural effusion is found predominantly in dependent and dorsal lung regions and can be easily distinguished from liver or spleen once the diaphragm has been identified. By using the anterior and posterior axillary lines as anatomical landmarks, three areas per hemithorax (anterior, lateral, and posterior) can be iden tified. Each area is divided in two, superior and inferior. In a given region of interest, lung surface of all adjacent inter costal spaces must be explored by moving the probe trans versally.