nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Undoing the Demos: Neoliberalism's Stealth Revolution
Year: 2015

Neoliberal rationality ubiquitous today in statecraft and the workplace, in jurisprudence, education, and culture remakes everything and everyone in the image of homo oeconomicus. What happens when this rationality transposes the constituent elements of democracy into an economic register? In Undoing the Demos, Wendy Brown explains how democracy itself is imperiled. The demos disintegrates into bits of human capital; concerns with justice bow to the mandates of growth rates, credit ratings, and investment climates; liberty submits to the imperative of human capital appreciation; equality dissolves into market competition; and popular sovereignty grows incoherent. Liberal democratic practices may not survive these transformations. Radical democratic dreams may not either. In an original and compelling argument, Brown explains how and why neoliberal reason undoes the political form and political imaginary it falsely promises to secure and reinvigorate. Through meticulous analyses of neoliberalized law, political practices, governance, and education, she charts the new common sense. Undoing the Demos makes clear that for democracy to have a future, it must become an object of struggle and rethinking.
Global Crisis Management Current Research and Future Directions
Year: 2018

Examples of crises involving multinationals can be found in the media around the world on a regular basis. Despite the importance of this topic, the state of the literature in the area of global crisis management has yet to be explored. Incorporating a commonly used three stage approach describing crisis management as involving three phases the pre crisis phase (prevention and preparation) the crisis phase (response) and the post crisis phase (learning and revision) we briefly review the literature in global crisis management. We then introduce three special issue articles. Finally, we suggest future areas for research on the topic of global crisis management.
Modeling General and Specific Aspects of Documents with a Probabilistic Topic Model
Year: 2007

Techniques such as probabilistic topic models and latent semantic indexing have been shown to be broadly useful at automatically extracting the topical or semantic content of documents, or more generally for dimension reduction of sparse count data. These types of models and algorithms can be viewed as generating an abstraction from the words in a document to a lower dimensional latent variable representation that captures what the document is generally about beyond the specific words it contains. In this paper we propose a new probabilistic model that tempers this approach by representing each document as a combination of (a) a background distribution over common words, (b) a mixture distribution over general topics, and (c) a distribution over words that are treated as being specific to that document. We illustrate how this model can be used for information retrieval by matching documents both at a general topic level and at a specific word level, providing an advantage over techniques that only match documents at a general level (such as topic models or latent sematic indexing) or that only match documents at the specific word level (such as TF IDF)
Use of plant residues on growth of mycorrhizal seedlings of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.
Venue: Journal of the science of food and agriculture
Year: 2012

Owing to its multiple uses in veterinary medicine, biofertilizers, pest control, etc. the commercial cultivation of neem (Azadirachta indica) has been increasing in various countries. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant by products (composted leaves and residues of neem and sugarcane) for the propagation of seedlings can be an efficient alternative to stimulate plant growth, reducing the propagation time and conferring increased tolerance of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore this study aimed to evaluate the effect of plant substrates and inoculation with AMF on the production of neem seedlings.  Beneficial effects of the application of neem by products to neem seedlings were observed on most of the variables analysed. However, the treatment with sugarcane cake did not improve the growth of neem seedlings. In general, the inoculation treatments using Glomus etunicatum in the composted neem substrates improved seedling growth.  Neem by products benefit the growth of seedlings of this plant under greenhouse conditions. Inoculation with G. etunicatum enhances plants growth mainly in substrates with residues of neem leaves, providing an alternative for the production of seedlings of this crop under nursery conditions, which can reduce the need for chemical fertilizers that impact the environment.
Fire service instructors' working practices: A UK survey
Venue: Archives of environmental occupational health
Year: 2018

Analysis of Fire Service Instructors (FSI) working practices and health is needed to minimise health risks related to heat illness, cardiovascular events and immunological stress. Online surveys were distributed to UK FSI and Firefighters (FF) One hundred and thirty FSI (age: 43 7yrs) and 232 FF (age: 41 8yrs) responded. FSI experienced 2 10 live fires per week, with 45% of FSI reporting management does not set a limit on the number of exposures. Few FSI followed hydration guidelines, or cooling methods. New symptoms of ill health were reported by 41% of FSI and 21% of FF. FSI with =11 Breathing Apparatus exposures per month were 4.5 times (95% CI 1.33 15.09) more likely to experience new symptoms. A large proportion of FSI are experiencing new symptoms of illness after starting their career, and guidelines on exposure and hydration are not universally in place to reduce the risk of future health problems.
How Social Media Shape Identities and Discourses in Professional Digital Settings: Self Communication or Self Branding?
Year: 2019

This chapter draws attention to how users discursively present and promote themselves in a professional digital setting, namely LinkedIn, and how social media technology affects users' agency and, as a consequence, their identity construction. Four categories of LinkedIn profiles, that is, journalists, photographers, web managers and project managers, are investigated in order to identify which verbal resources these professionals exploit to present themselves. Furthermore, after describing the digital technologies through which users carry out their Self branding process, the author shows how these technical devices channel meaning potential. In fact, findings demonstrate that the effective and strategic rhetoric of LinkedIn profiles not only resides in the data uploaded by users but also in how the algorithms which fuel the platforms manipulate these data.
Identifying Spatial Relationships between Built Heritage Resources and Short Term Rentals before the Covid 19 Pandemic: Exploratory Perspectives on Sustainability Issues
Year: 2020

Built heritage resources (BHRs) are multidimensional assets that need to be conceived under a sustainability and circular economy framework. Whereas it is essential that their conservation, management, and enjoyment are sustainable, it is also necessary that the environmental, cultural, and socio economic contexts in which they are integrated are sustainable too. Like other amenities, BHRs can improve the quality of the urban environment and generate externalities; additionally, they may influence sectors such as real estate, hospitality, and tourism. In this framework, this contribution aims to identify spatial relationships occurring between BHRs and short term rentals (STRs) i.e. a recent economic phenomenon facilitated by platforms such as Airbnb. Through the application of Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis techniques and taking Turin (Italy) as a case study, this article provides evidence that spatial correlation patterns between BHRs and STRs exist, and that the areas most affected by STRs are the residential neighborhoods located in the proximity of the historic center of the city. Relations with other sets of socio economic variables are highlighted too, and conclusions suggest that future studies are essential not only to monitor sustainability issues and reflect on new housing models and sustainable uses of buildings, but also to understand the evolution of the phenomenon in light of the pandemic Covid 19.
Multidisciplinary approach for management of traumatic subgingival crown root fractured central incisor: A case report
Year: 2020

This case report describes a multidisciplinary approach to treat subgingivally fractured permanent right maxillary central incisor using orthodontic forced eruption to facilitate prosthetic restoration. A 23 year old female patient reported at the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics with chief complaint of a fractured tooth and its unaesthetic appearance. Intraoral examination revealed that the maxillary right central incisor had sustained a oblique crown root fracture with pulp exposure. The treatment included endodontic procedure and orthodontic root extrusion using MBT mini brackets of .022 slots with ligation of .012 nickel titanium wire before going to prosthetic rehabilitation. Approximately 4.00 mm of extrusion of the tooth was obtained within 21 days with 0.5 mm extrusion of fracture margin supragingivally. A fiber post cementation, use of diode laser to correct the gingival margin and final restoration was performed with a porcelain fused to metal crown.  Crown Root fracture, Multidisciplinary management, Root canal treatment.
Acceleration of tensor product operations for high order finite element methods
Venue: Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl.
Year: 2019

This article is devoted to graphics processing unit (GPU) kernel optimization and performance analysis of three tensor product operations arising in finite element methods. We provide a mathematical background to these operations and implementation details. Achieving close to peak performance for these operators requires extensive optimization because of the operators' properties: low arithmetic intensity, tiered structure, and the need to store intermediate results during the kernel execution. We give a guided overview of optimization strategies and we present a performance model that allows us to compare the efficacy of these optimizations against an empirically calibrated roofline.
Effectiveness of Sling Exercise for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review
Venue: Journal of physical therapy science
Year: 2014

This study investigated effects of sling exercise for patients with chronic low back pain.  We reviewed all relevant papers indexed in PubMed, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane Registered Trials. Eligible trials were randomized controlled trials that compared sling exercise with any type of treatment. We extracted data on muscle thickness, muscle activation, pain, and disability, and assessed the methodological quality of the data. Seven studies met our inclusion criteria.  When sling exercise had an impact on activation of the trunk muscles, increasing the trunk muscle thickness, and the reduction in pain and disability had been assessed shortly after the final exercise session, it was more effective than general exercise at activating trunk muscles, but not more effective at increasing trunk muscle thickness and improving pain and disability than general exercise.  As sling therapy studies are based on a small number of trials, we cannot draw conclusions about the therapeutic effects of sling exercise. When segmental stabilizing exercise and individually designed programs are added to sling exercise, it increases the effectiveness of sling exercise at improving low back pain. This should be the focus of future studies.
Measuring Customer Churn and Interconnectedness
Year: 2020

This paper demonstrates that it is possible to construct accurate pictures of firm revenue, growth, geographic dispersion, and customer base characteristics using an increasingly accessible class of consumer financial transaction data. We develop two new measures which characterize firms' customer bases: the rate of churn in a firm's customer base and a metric of the pairwise similarity between firms' customer bases. We show that these measures provide important insights into the behavior of both real firm decisions and firm asset prices. Rates of customer churn affect the level and volatility of firm level investment, markups, and profits. Churn also affects how quickly firms respond to shocks in the value of their growth options (i.e. Tobin's~Q) Moreover, high churn firms tended to face steeper declines in consumer spending during the recent COVID 19 outbreak. Similarity between firms' customer bases highlights one under explored type of predictability among stock returns we demonstrate that significant alpha can be generated using a trading strategy that exploits our index of customer base similarity across firms.
Recent Advances in the Management of Cancer Associated Thrombosis: New Hopes but New Challenges
Venue: Cancers
Year: 2019

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients and leads to a significant increase in health care costs. Cancer patients often suffer from multiple co morbidities and have both a greater risk of VTE recurrence and bleeding compared to non cancer patients. Anticoagulation is therefore challenging. For many years, long term therapy with Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) was the standard of care for the management of cancer associated VTE. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) which offer the convenience of an oral administration and have a rapid onset of action, have recently been proposed as a new option in this setting. Head to head comparisons between DOAC and LMWHs for the treatment of established VTE are now available, and data on the efficacy and safety of these drugs for primary prophylaxis of VTE in ambulatory cancer patients receiving systemic anticancer therapy are emerging. This narrative review aims to summarize the main recent advances in the prevention and treatment of cancer associated VTE, including recent data on the use of individualized factors to stratify the risk of VTE in each individual patient, quality of life in patients treated with LMWH, and the place that DOACs will likely take in the cancer associated VTE management landscape.
Microbial Biosurfactants in Cosmetic and Personal Skincare Pharmaceutical Formulations
Venue: Pharmaceutics
Year: 2020

Cosmetic and personal care products are globally used and often applied directly on the human skin. According to a recent survey in Europe, the market value of cosmetic and personal care products in Western Europe reached about 84 billion euros in 2018 and are predicted to increase by approximately 6% by the end of 2020. With these significant sums of money spent annually on cosmetic and personal care products, along with chemical surfactants being the main ingredient in a number of their formulations, of which many have been reported to have the potential to cause detrimental effects such as allergic reactions and skin irritations to the human skin; hence, the need for the replacement of chemical surfactants with other compounds that would have less or no negative effects on skin health. Biosurfactants (surfactants of biological origin) have exhibited great potential such as lower toxicity, skin compatibility, protection and surface moisturizing effects which are key components for an effective skincare routine. This review discusses the antimicrobial, skin surface moisturizing and low toxicity properties of glycolipid and lipopeptide biosurfactants which could make them suitable substitutes for chemical surfactants in current cosmetic and personal skincare pharmaceutical formulations. Finally, we discuss some challenges and possible solutions for biosurfactant applications.
Addressing the dichotomy between individual and societal approaches to personalised medicine in oncology.
Venue: European journal of cancer
Year: 2019

Academic, industry, regulatory leaders and patient advocates in cancer clinical research met in November 2018 at the Innovation and Biomarkers in Cancer Drug Development meeting in Brussels to address the existing dichotomy between increasing calls for personalised oncology approaches based on individual molecular profiles and the need to make resource and regulatory decisions at the societal level in differing health care delivery systems around the globe. Novel clinical trial designs, the utility and limitations of real world evidence (RWE) and emerging technologies for profiling patient tumours and tumour derived DNA in plasma were discussed. While randomised clinical trials remain the gold standard approach to defining clinical utility of local and systemic therapeutic interventions, the broader adoption of comprehensive tumour profiling and novel trial designs coupled with RWE may allow patient and physician autonomy to be appropriately balanced with broader assessments of safety and overall societal benefit.
The global odyssey of plastic pollution
Venue: Science
Year: 2020

Thinking big about small particles reveals new features of the microplastic cycle Scientists who once studied microplastics (plastic debris <5 mm in size) as ocean pollutants have now detected them in soils, biota, and Earth's atmosphere. To decipher the global fate of microplastics, scientists have begun to ask questions about the "microplastic cycle," which is akin to global biogeochemical cycles (nitrogen, carbon, and water) For example, what are the sources of microplastics, and how do they transform as they move from one pool (e.g. a beach, inside an organism, or a river bed) to another? And what processes "fluxes" transfer microplastics between pools? On page 1257 of this issue, Brahney et al. (1) report high resolution spatial and temporal data that provide evidence of both global and regional microplastic transport, thus increasing our understanding of the microplastic cycle.
Lexikon zur Kernenergie. Ausgabe Januar 2017
Year: 2017

Die Kernenergienutzung war in Deutschland seit langer Zeit umstritten. Die Energiewende hat den Streit hierzulande im Wesentlichen beigelegt. Aber im Ausland werden neue Kernkraftwerke errichtet, in Deutschland Reaktoren noch Jahre betrieben, und der Abbau wird viele Jahre dauern. Eine Diskussion uber Kernenergie setzt eine gewisse Kenntnis der fachspezifischen Begriffe voraus. Rund eintausend Stichworte aus dem Sachumfeld der Kernenergie werden in diesem Lexikon in Kurzfassung erlautert.
The Magic Word: A Coding Tutorial Game to Engage Female Teenagers in App Design
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

Educational games are commonly used to motivate students and provide enhanced learning opportunities. Apps and mobile games play an increasingly important role in education and smartphones are part of the daily lives of most female teenagers: Half of mobile gamers are women and 64% of women prefer smartphones to other platforms. However, gender differences in playing behaviour and preferences raises concerns about potential gender inequalities when games are developed for education. In order to develop a tutorial game that suits the female target group and provides challenging tasks to solve, girls were involved at a very early stage of the development cycle and the idea was developed on the basis of surveys and focus group discussions. A first prototype of the game has been tested in a mixed gender group to get feedback about the learning content, the worked examples, and the whole structure of the game. Finally, a tutorial game with six worked examples has been released in our Luna&Cat app, a programming tool that has been designed for our female target group in particular.
Algorithmic injustice: a relational ethics approach
Venue: Patterns
Year: 2021

It has become trivial to point out that algorithmic systems increasingly pervade the social sphere. Improved efficiency the hallmark of these systems drives their mass integration into day to day life. However, as a robust body of research in the area of algorithmic injustice shows, algorithmic systems, especially when used to sort and predict social outcomes, are not only inadequate but also perpetuate harm. In particular, a persistent and recurrent trend within the literature indicates that society's most vulnerable are disproportionally impacted. When algorithmic injustice and harm are brought to the fore, most of the solutions on offer (1) revolve around technical solutions and (2) do not center disproportionally impacted communities. This paper proposes a fundamental shift from rational to relational in thinking about personhood, data, justice, and everything in between, and places ethics as something that goes above and beyond technical solutions. Outlining the idea of ethics built on the foundations of relationality, this paper calls for a rethinking of justice and ethics as a set of broad, contingent, and fluid concepts and down to earth practices that are best viewed as a habit and not a mere methodology for data science. As such, this paper mainly offers critical examinations and reflection and not "solutions."
CPU GPU ACCELERATION OF THE AIR POLLUTION FORECAST SYSTEM WITH AN EFFICIENT PARALLEL CHEMICAL SOLVER
Venue: Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics: Advances and Applications
Year: 2019

Chemistry Transport Model (CTM) plays an important role in the air pollution prevention and control. Their general applications such as forecast and prevention of heavy pollution demand highly efficient CTM simulations. The gas phase chemistry module is always the most computationally intensive module of a CTM. The main reason is that solving the stiff chemical ordinary differential equations (ODEs) of the gas phase chemistry module consumes most of the computation time. Here we use the Nested Air Quality Prediction Modelling System (NAQPMS) as the CTM and CBM Z mechanism as its gasphase chemistry module. CBM Z adopts the popular Livermore Solver for Ordinary Differential Equations (LSODE) to solve the chemical ODEs. However, LSODE does not adapt to the parallel acceleration due to its complicated matrix iteration and complex code. In our previous work, we have designed an efficient chemical solver Modified Backward Euler (MBE) to improve the simulation speed and precision. In this paper, we review MBE algorithm, show its intrinsic parallelism and port the CBM Z module with MBE solver on the CPU GPU architecture to accelerate the NAQPMS further.
Atypical Reasons for CRT Non Response in a Pacing Induced Cardiomyopathy Patient.
Venue: Journal of atrial fibrillation
Year: 2019

Pacing induced cardiomyopathy is a known complication of high percent right ventricular (RV) pacing. When treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) most patients experience recovery of Left Ventricular (LV) systolic function.A small percentage of patients do not respond due to a number of factors.This case examines the management of a 30 year old patient with pacing induced cardiomyopathy who was found to be a CRT non responder despite optimalLV lead position and whose LV Ejection Fraction normalized followingRV lead revision.
Japanese English Machine Translation of Recipe Texts
Venue: WAT@COLING
Year: 2016

Concomitant with the globalization of food culture, demand for the recipes of specialty dishes has been increasing. The recent growth in recipe sharing websites and food blogs has resulted in numerous recipe texts being available for diverse foods in various languages. However, little work has been done on machine translation of recipe texts. In this paper, we address the task of translating recipes and investigate the advantages and disadvantages of traditional phrase based statistical machine translation and more recent neural machine translation. Specifically, we translate Japanese recipes into English, analyze errors in the translated recipes, and discuss available room for improvements.