nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Partial Replacement Coarse Aggregate by EPS
Year: 2020

Now a day's concrete plays a major role in construction industry. Availability of construction material is less day by day. So we can introduce a new kind of material in construction industry to reduce the cost as well as user friendly material. The main objective of the project, by using the available waste material to introduced in concrete industry. Fully replacement of concrete is not possible, so we can made an attempt to develop partial replacement of concrete material. In the last few decades there has been rapid increase in the waste materials and by products. Some of the industrial by products like GGBS, fly ash, copper slag, steel slag, Expanded polystyrene (EPS) have been successfully replaced for cement and concrete in the construction industry. It reduces the consumption of natural resources. Steel slag is one of the materials that is considered as a by product (waste material) obtained during the matte smelting and refining of copper. It has the physical properties similar to the fine aggregate, so it can be used as a replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. Likewise replacement of coarse aggregate is done by some materials, which makes the concrete light weight. This work shows the results of an experimental study on various workability and durability tests on concrete containing Polystyrene as a replacement of coarse aggregate such as compressive test, split tensile test and flexural strength. For this research work M50 M60 grade are used and the tests are conducted for various proportions of Polystyrene with coarse aggregate 2.5% 5% 7.5% 10% 12.5% 15% 17.5% 20% 22.5% 25% The obtained results were compared with those of conventional concrete.  Lightweight concrete, Construction materials, concrete, Building materials, Low density concrete, Compressive Strength, Split Tensile and Flexural Strength. Date of Submission: 29 08 2020 Date of Acceptance: 14 09 2020
Controlling Recurrent Neural Networks by Conceptors
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2014

The human brain is a dynamical system whose extremely complex sensor driven neural processes give rise to conceptual, logical cognition. Understanding the interplay between nonlinear neural dynamics and concept level cognition remains a major scientific challenge. Here I propose a mechanism of neurodynamical organization, called conceptors, which unites nonlinear dynamics with basic principles of conceptual abstraction and logic. It becomes possible to learn, store, abstract, focus, morph, generalize, de noise and recognize a large number of dynamical patterns within a single neural system; novel patterns can be added without interfering with previously acquired ones; neural noise is automatically filtered. Conceptors help explaining how conceptual level information processing emerges naturally and robustly in neural systems, and remove a number of roadblocks in the theory and applications of recurrent neural networks.
THE IMPACT OF POPULATION AGEING ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: A BIBLIOMETRIC SURVEY
Year: 2017

Population ageing and its influence on the economic growth has long been the focus of major concern. Using bibliometric techniques we found that: (1) although ageing has increasingly attracted more researchers within economics literature, the relative weight of ageing and economic growth related papers does not evidence a clear positive trend; (2) recent studies reveal the willingness of researchers to evaluate less immediate mechanisms relating ageing and economic growth; (3) the increase in the use of empirical methods reflects a trend to test economic phenomena with real world data against the theory; (4) very few studies focus on developing and less developed countries.
Ancestral origin of ApoE e4 Alzheimer disease risk in Puerto Rican and African American populations
Venue: PLoS genetics
Year: 2018

The ApoE e4 allele is the most significant genetic risk factor for late onset Alzheimer disease. The risk conferred by e4, however, differs across populations, with populations of African ancestry showing lower e4 risk compared to those of European or Asian ancestry. The cause of this heterogeneity in risk effect is currently unknown; it may be due to environmental or cultural factors correlated with ancestry, or it may be due to genetic variation local to the ApoE region that differs among populations. Exploring these hypotheses may lead to novel, population specific therapeutics and risk predictions. To test these hypotheses, we analyzed ApoE genotypes and genome wide array data in individuals from African American and Puerto Rican populations. A total of 1,766 African American and 220 Puerto Rican individuals with late onset Alzheimer disease, and 3,730 African American and 169 Puerto Rican cognitively healthy individuals 65 years) participated in the study. We first assessed average ancestry across the genome "global" ancestry) and then tested it for interaction with ApoE genotypes. Next, we assessed the ancestral background of ApoE alleles "local" ancestry) and tested if ancestry local to ApoE influenced Alzheimer disease risk while controlling for global ancestry. Measures of global ancestry showed no interaction with ApoE risk (Puerto Rican: p value 0.49;  Conversely, ancestry local to the ApoE region showed an interaction with the ApoE e4 allele in both populations (Puerto Rican: p value 0.019; African American: p value 0.005) ApoE e4 alleles on an African background conferred a lower risk than those with a European ancestral background, regardless of population (Puerto Rican: OR 1.26 on African background, OR 4.49 on European; African American: OR 2.34 on African background, OR 3.05 on European background) Factors contributing to the lower risk effect in the ApoE gene e4 allele are likely due to ancestry specific genetic factors near ApoE rather than non genetic ethnic, cultural, and environmental factors.
Double standards in the accumulation and utilisation of 'aesthetic capital'
Year: 2020

Physical appearance as a form of capital has received increasing attention in sociology in recent years. The logic suggests that 'aesthetic capital' like other forms of capital, can be accumulated and utilised in economic and social exchange. However, previous research has not paid attention to societal norms that may regulate the accumulation and utilisation of 'aesthetic capital' differently for men and women. In this paper, we turn our attention to such gendered norms, that is, double standards, by analysing unique measures for both accumulation and utilisation based on a split ballot survey design. Our study shows that there are double standards in certain norms regarding the accumulation and utilisation of 'aesthetic capital' This indicates the existence of double standards is context dependent. A double standard in accumulation means more approval of women's behaviour, whereas a double standard in utilisation implies more disapproval of women's conduct. We conclude that 'aesthetic capital' can be seen as not so much something that individuals accumulate and utilise but as something that context dependent gendered norms regulate.
Large eddy simulations of pore scale turbulent flows in porous media by the lattice Boltzmann method
Year: 2015

To discuss turbulent transport processes inside porous media, high resolution large eddy simulations by the D3Q27 multiple relaxation time lattice Boltzmann method and their data analysis are performed. The focused porous medium structures are square rod arrays, staggered cube arrays, fractal cube arrays and open cell foam. Although the second moments appearing in the double averaged momentum equation in porous media are the macro scale Reynolds stress, the micro scale Reynolds stress and the dispersive covariance, it is found that the micro scale Reynolds stress and the dispersive covariance become dominant in the present porous medium flows. It is also found that the turbulent anisotropy and the magnitudes of those second moments are totally different among the cases due to the porous structures. Their transport mechanisms are discussed through the budget terms of the transport equations.
Neighborhood disadvantage and chronic disease management
Venue: Health services research
Year: 2019

To assess the relationship between a composite measure of neighborhood disadvantage, the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and control of blood pressure, diabetes, and cholesterol in the Medicare Advantage (MA) population. Data Sources Secondary analysis of 2013 Medicare Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set, Medicare enrollment data, and a neighborhood disadvantage indicator.  We tested the association of neighborhood disadvantage with intermediate health outcomes. Generalized estimating equations were used to adjust for geographic and individual factors including region, sex, race/ethnicity, dual eligibility, disability, and rurality.  Data were linked by ZIP+4, representing compact geographic areas that can be linked to Census block groups.  Compared with enrollees residing in the least disadvantaged neighborhoods, enrollees in the most disadvantaged neighborhoods were 5 percentage points (P 0.05) less likely to have controlled blood pressure, 6.9 percentage points (P 0.05) less likely to have controlled diabetes, and 9.9 percentage points (P 0.05) less likely to have controlled cholesterol. Adjustment attenuated this relationship, but the association remained.  The ADI is a strong, independent predictor of diabetes and cholesterol control, a moderate predictor of blood pressure control, and could be used to track neighborhood level disparities and to target disparities focused interventions in the MA population.
Targeted delivery of ibrutinib to tumor associated macrophages by sialic acid stearic acid conjugate modified nanocomplexes for cancer immunotherapy.
Venue: Acta biomaterialia
Year: 2019

Ibrutinib (IBR) an irreversible Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, is expected to be a potent therapeutic modality, given that BTK is overexpressed in tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and participates in promoting tumor progression, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression. However, rapid clearance in vivo and low tumor accumulation have rendered effective uptake of IBR by TAMs challenge. Herein, we designed and synthesized a sialic acid (SA) stearic acid conjugate modified on the surface of nanocomplexes to encapsulate IBR (SA/IBR/EPG) for targeted immunotherapy. Amphiphilic egg phosphatidylglycerol (EPG) structure and strong IBR EPG interactions render these nanocomplexes high IBR loading capacity, prolonged blood circulation, and optimal particle sizes ~30 nm) which can effectively deliver IBR to the tumor, followed by subsequent internalization of IBR by TAMs through SA mediated active targeting. In vitro and in vivo tests showed that the prepared SA/IBR/EPG nanocomplexes could preferentially accumulate in TAMs and exert potent antitumor activity. Immunofluorescence staining analysis further confirmed that SA/IBR/EPG remarkably inhibited angiogenesis and tumorigenic cytokines released by TAM and eventually suppressed tumor progression, without eliciting any unwanted effect. Thus, SA decorated IBR nanocomplexes present a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy.  Ibrutinib (IBR) an irreversible Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, is expected to be a potent therapeutic modality, given that BTK is overexpressed in tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and participates in promoting tumor progression, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression. However, rapid clearance in vivo and low tumor accumulation have rendered effective uptake of IBR by TAMs challenge. Herein, we designed and synthesized a sialic acid (SA) stearic acid conjugate modified on the surface of nanocomplexes to encapsulate IBR (SA/IBR/EPG) for targeted delivery of IBR to TAMs. The developed SA/IBR/EPG nanocomplexes exhibited high efficiency in targeting TAMs and inhibiting BTK activation, consequently inhibiting Th2 tumorigenic cytokine release, reducing angiogenesis, and suppressing tumor growth. These results implied that the SA/IBR/EPG nanocomplex could be a promising strategy for TAM targeting immunotherapy with minimal systemic side effects.
Bayes factor design analysis: Planning for compelling evidence
Venue: Psychonomic bulletin review
Year: 2018

A sizeable literature exists on the use of frequentist power analysis in the null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) paradigm to facilitate the design of informative experiments. In contrast, there is almost no literature that discusses the design of experiments when Bayes factors (BFs) are used as a measure of evidence. Here we explore Bayes Factor Design Analysis (BFDA) as a useful tool to design studies for maximum efficiency and informativeness. We elaborate on three possible BF designs, (a) a fixed n design, (b) an open ended Sequential Bayes Factor (SBF) design, where researchers can test after each participant and can stop data collection whenever there is strong evidence for either H1$\mathcal {H}_{1} or H0$\mathcal {H}_{0} and (c) a modified SBF design that defines a maximal sample size where data collection is stopped regardless of the current state of evidence. We demonstrate how the properties of each design (i.e. expected strength of evidence, expected sample size, expected probability of misleading evidence, expected probability of weak evidence) can be evaluated using Monte Carlo simulations and equip researchers with the necessary information to compute their own Bayesian design analyses.
El administrador social persona fisica como fiador de la sociedad en la ley de contratos de credito inmobiliario
Year: 2019

espanolLa nueva Ley 5/2019, regula los contratos de credito inmobiliario. Se aplica a contratos suscritos por personas fisicas como prestatarias, fiadoras, garantes o hipotecante no deudor, si tienen por objeto adquisiciones de inmuebles de uso residencial. Las personas juridicas estan excluidas de su ambito. Pero si el fiador o garante es una persona fisica que ostenta la cualidad de administrador social de la persona juridica, tendra que aplicarse la regulacion de la nueva ley. En estos casos se produce una criticable situacion de sobregarantia, al sumarse la real y la personal. EnglishThe new Law 5/2019 regulates real estate credit agreements. It applies to contracts signed by natural persons such as borrowers, guarantors or non debtor mortgagee, if they are aimed at the acquisition of residential properties. Legal persons are excluded from their scope. But if the guarantor is a natural person who has the status of social administrator of the society, the regulation of the new law will have to be applied. In these cases there is a critical situation of over guarantee, when the real and personal are added.
Evaluating Visual Representations for Topic Understanding and Their Effects on Manually Generated Topic Labels
Venue: TACL
Year: 2017

Probabilistic topic models are important tools for indexing, summarizing, and analyzing large document collections by their themes. However, promoting end user understanding of topics remains an open research problem. We compare labels generated by users given four topic visualization techniques word lists, word lists with bars, word clouds, and network graphs against each other and against automatically generated labels. Our basis of comparison is participant ratings of how well labels describe documents from the topic. Our study has two phases: a labeling phase where participants label visualized topics and a validation phase where different participants select which labels best describe the topics' documents. Although all visualizations produce similar quality labels, simple visualizations such as word lists allow participants to quickly understand topics, while complex visualizations take longer but expose multi word expressions that simpler visualizations obscure. Automatic labels lag behind user created labels, but our dataset of manually labeled topics highlights linguistic patterns (e.g. hypernyms, phrases) that can be used to improve automatic topic labeling algorithms.
Surface Networks
Venue: 2018 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Year: 2018

We study data driven representations for three dimensional triangle meshes, which are one of the prevalent objects used to represent 3D geometry. Recent works have developed models that exploit the intrinsic geometry of manifolds and graphs, namely the Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and its spectral variants, which learn from the local metric tensor via the Laplacian operator. Despite offering excellent sample complexity and built in invariances, intrinsic geometry alone is invariant to isometric deformations, making it unsuitable for many applications. To overcome this limitation, we propose several upgrades to GNNs to leverage extrinsic differential geometry properties of three dimensional surfaces, increasing its modeling power. In particular, we propose to exploit the Dirac operator, whose spectrum detects principal curvature directions this is in stark contrast with the classical Laplace operator, which directly measures mean curvature. We coin the resulting models Surface Networks (SN) We prove that these models define shape representations that are stable to deformation and to discretization, and we demonstrate the efficiency and versatility of SNs on two challenging tasks: temporal prediction of mesh deformations under non linear dynamics and generative models using a variational autoencoder framework with encoders/decoders given by SNs.
LAS REDES SOCIALES COMO MEDIO DE COMUNICACION POLITICA. EL USO DEL SNAPCHAT
Year: 2018

Internet sin duda se ha convertido en la conexion clave entre el ciudadano y su entorno politico. Ante la evolucion que internet esta causando en la poblacion en especial el publico joven, se ha creado la necesidad de interactuar no fisicamente ahora apoyados de las nacientes redes sociales, dando vida a la comunidad virtual local y global, mismas que estan demando transparencia en la manera en la cual se maneja la informacion dan prioridad a que esta sea o no la verdad absoluta para la audiencia. El objetivo que conlleva a la realizacion de esta investigacion es demostrar que el manejo de redes sociales estan tomando importancia en la forma de compartir, transmitir y emitir informacion con los nuevo individuos que son parte activa de este nuevo mundo politico que demanda mayor claridad en lo que ve, escucha y siente, es decir que no se sientan enganados por los entes politicos que buscan no solo sumar un voto mas, sino el despertar esa indagacion por saber mas de lo que pasa a su alrededor
Joint Optimization on Computation Offloading and Resource Allocation in Mobile Edge Computing
Venue: 2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)
Year: 2019

We consider a general multi user mobile edge computing (MEC) system with multiple MEC servers. For each user, a MEC serves both as the network access point and a computation service provider, where users can offload part of their tasks. We formulate the sum cost of time delay and energy consumption for all mobile users as our optimization objective. This problem is NP hard in general. In this paper, we jointly optimize the offloading decisions of all users tasks as well as the allocation of computation and communication resources, pursing the minimal sum cost for all users. We proposed an efficient two stage algorithm comprising of one dimensional search (ODS) and alternating optimization (AO) The first stage is responsible for obtaining the optimal offloading decision, and the second stage is in charge of computing a locally optimal solution for resource allocation. It is shown to give nearly optimal performance under a wide range of parameter settings. Through evaluating the performance of different combinations of the two stages of ODS AO algorithm, we provide insights into their roles and contributions in the overall solution. Our simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves significant reduction on the average delay and sum cost compared to other baselines.
SAFL: Increasing and Accelerating Testing Coverage with Symbolic Execution and Guided Fuzzing
Venue: 2018 IEEE/ACM 40th International Conference on Software Engineering: Companion (ICSE Companion)
Year: 2018

Mutation based fuzzing is a widely used software testing technique for bug and vulnerability detection, and the testing performance is greatly affected by the quality of initial seeds and the effectiveness of mutation strategy. In this paper, we present SAFL, an efficient fuzzing testing tool augmented with qualified seed generation and efficient coverage directed mutation. First, symbolic execution is used in a lightweight approach to generate qualified initial seeds. Valuable explore directions are learned from the seeds, thus the later fuzzing process can reach deep paths in program state space earlier and easier. Moreover, we implement a fair and fast coverage directed mutation algorithm. It helps the fuzzing process to exercise rare and deep paths with higher probability. We implement SAFL based on KLEE and AFL and conduct thoroughly repeated evaluations on real world program benchmarks against state of the art versions of AFL. After 24 hours, compared to AFL and AFLFast, it discovers 214% and 133% more unique crashes, covers 109% and 63% more paths and achieves 279% and 180% more covered branches.
The effect of urban ground covers on arthropods: An experiment
Venue: Urban Ecosystems
Year: 2013

Changes to the ground layer in urban areas are extensive, but the effects on arthropod fauna are poorly understood. We undertook a manipulative experiment to examine the response of arthropods to small scale variation in ground covers commonly found in urban parks and gardens in Australia. The ground covers tested were bare ground, leaf litter, woodchips and grass, with plot sizes of 3.6 m2. Epigeic arthropods were sampled with pitfall traps and Tullgren funnels over 12 months following establishment of the treatments. All epigeic arthropods were sorted to order and the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) beetles (Coleoptera) millipedes (Diplopoda) and slaters (Isopoda: Oniscidea) were examined at lower taxonomic levels. Diverse arthropods rapidly colonised previously cleared plots in all four treatments and were most abundant in grass plots. The diversity of ants and beetles was significantly different in different ground covers and tended to be most diverse in grass plots. Despite the treatments providing very different microclimates, the fauna studied did not show strong selection for a particular cover type overall. The abundance of grass cover in the surrounding area may have led to the grass plots having the greatest abundance of arthropods. These results have important implications for developing effective small scale conservation efforts for arthropods in anthropogenically modified landscapes, especially for species with poor dispersal abilities.
Barrier Lyapunov Functions and Constrained Model Reference Adaptive Control
Venue: IEEE Control Systems Letters
Year: 2018

In classical model reference adaptive control, the closed loop system's ability to track a given reference signal can be tuned by choosing the adaptive rates and parameterizing the solution of an algebraic Lyapunov equation that appears in the adaptive law. The projection operator can be employed to impose user defined constraints on the adaptive gains. However, using the projection operator and quadratic Lyapunov functions to certify uniform ultimate boundedness of the trajectory tracking error, the bounds on the trajectory tracking error can only be estimated, but not explicitly imposed a priori. In this letter, we provide an adaptive control law for the same class of nonlinear dynamical systems as classical model reference adaptive control. A barrier Lyapunov function guarantees that user defined constraints on both the trajectory tracking error and the adaptive gains are verified.