nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Injectable solid hydrogel: mechanism of shear thinning and immediate recovery of injectable b hairpin peptide hydrogels.
Venue: Soft matter
Year: 2010

b Hairpin peptide based hydrogels are a class of injectable hydrogel solids with significant potential use in injectable therapies. b hairpin peptide hydrogels can be injected as preformed solids, because the solid gel can shear thin and consequently flow under a proper shear stress but immediately recover back into a solid on removal of the stress. In this work, hydrogel behavior during and after flow was studied in order to facilitate fundamental understanding of how the gels flow during shear thinning and how they quickly recover mechanically and morphologically relative to their original, pre flow properties. While all studied b hairpin hydrogels shear thin and recover, the duration of shear and the strain rate affected both the gel stiffness immediately recovered after flow and the ultimate stiffness obtained after complete rehealing of the gel. Results of structural analysis during flow were related to bulk rheological behavior and indicated gel network fracture into large >200 nm) hydrogel domains during flow. After cessation of flow the large hydrogel domains are immediately percolated which immediately reforms the solid hydrogel. The underlying mechanisms of the gel shear thinning and healing processes are discussed relative to other shear responsive networks like colloidal gels and micellar solutions.
A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research.
Venue: Journal of chiropractic medicine
Year: 2016

Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) is a widely used reliability index in test retest, intrarater, and interrater reliability analyses. This article introduces the basic concept of ICC in the content of reliability analysis.  RESEARCHERS There are 10 forms of ICCs. Because each form involves distinct assumptions in their calculation and will lead to different interpretations, researchers should explicitly specify the ICC form they used in their calculation. A thorough review of the research design is needed in selecting the appropriate form of ICC to evaluate reliability. The best practice of reporting ICC should include software information, "model," "type," and "definition" selections.  READERS When coming across an article that includes ICC, readers should first check whether information about the ICC form has been reported and if an appropriate ICC form was used. Based on the 95% confident interval of the ICC estimate, values less than 0.5, between 0.5 and 0.75, between 0.75 and 0.9, and greater than 0.90 are indicative of poor, moderate, good, and excellent reliability, respectively.  This article provides a practical guideline for clinical researchers to choose the correct form of ICC and suggests the best practice of reporting ICC parameters in scientific publications. This article also gives readers an appreciation for what to look for when coming across ICC while reading an article.
Development, implementation, and evaluation of a mental rehearsal strategy to improve clinical performance and reduce stress: A mixed methods study.
Venue: Nurse education today
Year: 2016

Mental rehearsal is a form of mental training that has been used by physicians and nurses to improve performance of clinical skills, and as a vital component of stress management training. To help novice nurses deal with often stressful clinical events that require the processing of information essential to patient management, a mental rehearsal strategy was developed and implemented in a Year 3 nursing simulation program. Inherent to mental rehearsal is imagery, which facilitates cognitive and affective modification, and reduction of extraneous cognitive load. As such, it was expected that the mental rehearsal strategy would improve students' performance and reduce stress in managing deteriorating patients.  The study used a mixed methods design. Eighteen Year 3 nursing students participated in the pre and post design study, which consisted of the development and implementation of a mental rehearsal strategy. The Rescuing A Patient In Deteriorating Situations (RAPIDS) tool was used to assess performance. Heart rates and systolic blood pressures were used to measure stress. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used as a psychological measure of stress/anxiety. Five participants were involved in a focus group discussion that evaluated the usefulness of the mental rehearsal strategy.  There was a significant improvement in performance (P<0.05) However, post test heart rate and systolic blood pressure were not significantly different from pre test measures. A comparison of STAI results did not show significant differences between pre and post test state anxiety and pre and post test trait anxiety. Three themes emerged from the focus group interview: managing stress, using a mental framework, and integrating realistic simulations with the mental rehearsal strategy.  The mental rehearsal strategy for deteriorating patient management can be valuable based on the findings on performance and based on the participants' feedback. Its role in reducing stress, however, needs further evaluation.
Effect of morphology of dispersed nano CeO2 on far infrared emission property of natural tourmaline.
Venue: Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology
Year: 2011

Dispersed nano CeO2 successfully grew on the surface of natural tourmaline powders by a precipitation method. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that CeO2 (111) nanospots could apparently enhance the far infrared emission property of tourmaline in relation to CeO2 nanoparticles. This is the first report regarding the effect of the morphology of nano CeO2 on the far infrared emission property of natural tourmaline. The results of the characterization by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) X ray diffraction (XRD) and X ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that CeO2 (111) nanospots have much more chemisorbed oxygen than CeO2 nanoparticles, which is beneficial to the unit cell volume shrinkage of tourmaline, thus increasing its far infrared emissivity.
Effect of nucleotides supplementation to low fish meal feed on long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss
Venue: Aquaculture Research
Year: 2019

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of nucleotides supplementation to low fish meal feed on growth and fatty acid composition of rainbow trout. Six isonitrogenous (42% crude protein) and isolipidic (18% crude lipid) diets were formulated containing fish meal and plant ingredients as main protein sources. The control diet was a basal diet without supplementation of nucleotides, and five experimental diets were prepared by supplementing one of the five different nucleotides in the form of 5' monophosphate (0.15% that is inosine (IMP) adenosine (AMP) guanosine (GMP) uridine (UMP) and cytidine (CMP) onto basal diet. Two hundred forty juvenile rainbow trout with an initial average body weight 9.8 g were randomly distributed into twelve aquaria. After 15 weeks of feeding period, growth performance and feed utilization of rainbow trout were not significantly different among dietary treatments. Dietary GMP, UMP and CMP tended to accumulate crude lipid in the muscle and whole fish body. Moreover, dietary GMP, UMP and CMP significantly increased hepatic 18:3n 3 and long chain homologue 18:4n 3 and 20:4n 3 contents. Hepatic 18:2n 6 content showed also increase in fish fed GMP, UMP and CMP diets, but decreased in long chain homologue 20:3n 6 and 20:4n 6 contents. Decrease in 20:4n 6, 20:5n 3 and 22:6n 3 contents was also found in the muscle of fish fed IMP, GMP and CMP diets. The present study clearly showed that there was no positive effect of dietary nucleotides on growth of fish, but dietary nucleotides particularly GMP, UMP and CMP altered polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of rainbow trout.
Implementation of 16x16 SRAM memory array
Venue: 2017 International Conference on Recent Innovations in Signal processing and Embedded Systems (RISE)
Year: 2017

SRAM is a main part of cache and it is used in many applications like microprocessor, date storage which occupy significant portion of die area and consume large fraction of energy. Memories should consume less power to improve system performance, stability, and efficiency. In this paper we have designed a 16x16 SRAM array, to reduce leakage power and the die area to maximize the performance. This was achieved by relaxing the area considerations of the peripherals, to a limited extent by designing peripheral which has less area and consumes less power. Further power consumption can be reduced by forced transistor technique and sleep transistor technique. It is seen from the analysis that sleep transistor technique shows 56.92 less power dissipation compared to forced stack transistor technique but forced technique shows 99.94 less delay than sleep technique. The 16x16 SRAM memory has been designed, implemented analyzed in standard UMC 180nm technology library using Cadence tool.
SmartCar: Smart charging and driving control for electric vehicles in the smart grid
Venue: 2014 IEEE Global Communications Conference
Year: 2014

Electric vehicle (EV) is the next generation vehicle powered by electricity. Keeping EVs charged and ready to go will require a tight integration and coordination of an infrastructure of equipment connected to the power grid for vehicle charging and a new IT management system for monitoring, analyzing and controlling the vehicle charging. Smart grid technologies have brought opportunities to solve challenges in the EV ecosystem. Both academia and industry have been seeking technologies and applications to optimize an EV driver's driving cost. However, it still remains an open problem of how to handle the driving demand uncertainty and the electricity price uncertainty for EV charging. To address this challenge, we model the driving cost minimization problem and formulate it as an optimization problem. While the driver demand and the electricity price are varying with time, we leverage the Model Predictive Control (MPC) based method to design a dynamic charging (controlling when to charge and how much to charge) and driving (controlling the switching between electric driven mode and gasoline driven mode during the driving process) control scheme. Performance evaluation results demonstrate the effectiveness and cost efficiency of our approach.
SARS CoV 2 mRNA Vaccine Design Enabled by Prototype Pathogen Preparedness
Venue: Nature
Year: 2020

A vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV 2) is needed to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) global pandemic. Structural studies have led to the development of mutations that stabilize Betacoronavirus spike proteins in the prefusion state, improving their expression and increasing immunogenicity 1 This principle has been applied to design mRNA 1273, an mRNA vaccine that encodes a SARS CoV 2 spike protein that is stabilized in the prefusion conformation. Here we show that mRNA 1273 induces potent neutralizing antibody responses to both wild type (D614) and D614G mutant 2 SARS CoV 2 as well as CD8 T cell responses, and protects against SARS CoV 2 infection in the lungs and noses of mice without evidence of immunopathology. mRNA 1273 is currently in a phase III trial to evaluate its efficacy. mRNA 1273, an mRNA vaccine that encodes a stabilized prefusion state severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV 2) spike protein, elicits robust immune responses and protects mice against replication of SARS CoV 2 in the upper and lower airways.
DASAR PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM DALAM PUTUSAN FASAKH DAN PUTUSAN TALAK KARENA ISTRI MENGALAMI GANGGUAN KEJIWAAN (Studi Putusan Nomor 2342/Pdt. G/PA.Kab.Kdr dan Putusan Nomor 1013/Pdt.G/2015/PA.Tbn)
Year: 2018

Shefi Yanti Dwi Putri, Dr. Siti Hamidah S.H. M.M, Fitri Hidayat S.H. M.H Fakultas Hukum Universitas Brawijaya Email shefi.yanti@gmail.com ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman atas perkembangan hukum bagi masyarakat serta menjadi masukan bagi praktisi hukum khususnya mengenai dari dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam putusan cerai talak yang memiliki posisi kasus yang sama tetapi kemudian diputus berbeda serta akibat hukumnya dari putusan talak dan putusan fasakh. Negara Indonesia memiliki penduduk mayoritas beragama Islam sehingga memberlakukan hukum positif yaitu yang diatur dalam Undang Undang Nomor 1 tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan serta Undang Undang Nomor 9 tahun 1975 tentang pelaksanaannya dan hukum islam yang diatur dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia. Putusan yang dihasilkan oleh hakim memiliki akibat hukum yang berbeda sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengkajian mengenai pembahasan fasakh dan talak dan dasar pertimbangan yang digunakan oleh hakim dalam memutus dengan putusan fasakh dan putusan talak berdasarkan hukum positif serta hukum fikih islam.  Dasar Pertimbangan Hakim, Akibat Hukum, Talak, Fasakh  This research is aimed to provide understanding of development of law for the societies and to provide information useful for legal practitioners especially for the basis of consideration to which judges can refer to decide in a case of talak (divorce) seen as the same case but could lead to varied decisions and to find out the legal consequences of decision over talak and fasakh (encouraged separation) The majority of people in Indonesia follow Islam, resulting in the application of positive law as regulated in Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage and Law Number 9 of 1975 on the Execution of Marriage and Islamic law as regulated in Islamic Law Compilation in Indonesia. The Decisions made by judges lead to different legal consequences. As a result, this research was conducted by studying the discussion of fasakh and talak and the basis of consideration of judges in deciding in a case regarding fasakh and talak according to positive law and law of Islamic fiqih. Keywords basis consideration of judges, legal consequences, talak fasakh
Essential Oil and Juice from Bergamot and Sweet Orange Improve Acne Vulgaris Caused by Excessive Androgen Secretion
Venue: Mediators of inflammation
Year: 2020

Acne vulgaris is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Bergamot and sweet orange are rich in nutritional and functional components, which exhibit antioxidant, anti inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of bergamot and sweet orange (juice and essential oil) on acne vulgaris caused by excessive secretion of androgen. Eighty male golden hamsters were randomly divided into 10 groups and received low or high dose of bergamot and sweet orange juice and essential oil, physiological saline, and positive drugs for four weeks, respectively. Results showed that all interventions could improve acne vulgaris by reducing the growth rate of sebaceous gland spots, inhibiting TG accumulation, decreasing the release of inflammatory cytokines (notably reducing IL 1a levels) promoting apoptosis in the sebaceous gland, and decreasing the ratio of T/E2. Among them, bergamot and orange essential oil may have better effects (dose dependent) on alleviating acne vulgaris than the corresponding juice. In view of the large population of acne patients and the widespread use of sweet orange and bergamot, this study is likely to exert an extensive and far reaching influence.
Reply to Gautret et al. 2020: A Bayesian reanalysis of the effects of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin on viral carriage in patients with COVID 19
Year: 2020

1 Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Kettegard Alle 30, 2650, Hvidovre, Denmark. 2 London Mathematical Laboratory, London, W6 8RH, UK. 3 Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129B, 1018 WT, Amsterdam,The Netherlands. 4 Department of Clinical Chemistry Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winslows Vej 4, DK 5000, Odense, Denmark. 5 Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, 2400, Copenhagen NV, Denmark. 6 Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
Chromosome scale genome assemblies of aphids reveal extensively rearranged autosomes and long term conservation of the X chromosome
Year: 2020

Large scale chromosome rearrangements are arguably the most dramatic type of mutations, often leading to rapid evolution and speciation. However, chromosome dynamics have only been studied at the sequence level in a small number of model systems. In insects, Diptera (flies and mosquitoes) and Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) have high levels of chromosome conservation. Whether this truly reflects the diversity of insect genome evolution is questionable given that many species exhibit rapid karyotype evolution. Here, we investigate chromosome evolution in aphids an important group of hemipteran plant pests using newly generated chromosome scale genome assemblies of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) and the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) and a previously published chromosome scale assembly of the corn leaf aphid (Rhopalosiphum maidis) We find that aphid autosomes have undergone dramatic reorganisation over the last 30 million years, to the extent that chromosome homology cannot be determined between aphids from the tribes Macrosiphini (M. persicae and A. pisum) and Aphidini (R. maidis) In contrast, gene content of the aphid sex (X) chromosome remained unchanged despite rapid sequence evolution, low gene expression and high transposable element load. To test whether rapid evolution of genome structure is a hallmark of Hemiptera, we compared our aphid assemblies to chromosome level assemblies of two blood feeding Hemiptera (Rhodnius prolixus and Triatoma rubrofasciata) Despite being more diverged, the blood feeding hemipterans have conserved synteny and we detect only two chromosome fusion or fission events. The exceptional rate of structural evolution of aphid autosomes renders them an important emerging model system for studying the role of large scale genome rearrangements in evolution.
Comparative photographic evaluation of various geometric and mathematical proportions of maxillary anterior teeth: A clinical study
Venue: Indian journal of dental research official publication of Indian Society for Dental Research
Year: 2016

This study aimed to investigate the existence of the golden proportion, recurring esthetic dental (RED) proportion and golden percentage between the frontal view widths of the maxillary anterior natural dentition among students of Indian origin by the aid of digital photography.  This study was conducted with 80 dental students (41 female and 39 male) with ages ranging from 20 to 23 years. Students whose natural smile did not develop any visual tension with regard to the study's and their own criteria were selected as having an esthetic smile. Photographs were taken, and the mesiodistal widths of six maxillary anterior teeth were measured digitally using software. Once the measurements were recorded three different theories of proportion were applied and statistical analysis was done.  The golden proportion, i.e. 62% RED proportion and golden percentage were not observed in the subjects. According to the subjects evaluated, the average width of the maxillary lateral incisor was 72% of the frontal view width of the central incisor. The average width of the canine was 84% of the frontal view width of the lateral incisor.  The golden proportion and RED proportion were not observed in the natural smiles of subjects who were deemed to have an esthetic smile. The values proposed for the golden percentage theory were not observed in subjects with an esthetic smile. Average frontal view percentage widths of the maxillary anterior dentition exist and can be useful in predicting naturally occurring widths in smiles deemed to be esthetic in a specific population.
Convolutional neural networks for decoding of covert attention focus and saliency maps for EEG feature visualization.
Venue: Journal of neural engineering
Year: 2019

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have proven successful as function approximators and have therefore been used for classification problems including electroencephalography (EEG) signal decoding for brain computer interfaces (BCI) Artificial neural networks, however, are considered black boxes, because they usually have thousands of parameters, making interpretation of their internal processes challenging. Here we systematically evaluate the use of CNNs for EEG signal decoding and investigate a method for visualizing the CNN model decision process.  We developed a CNN model to decode the covert focus of attention from EEG event related potentials during object selection. We compared the CNN and the commonly used linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifier performance, applied to datasets with different dimensionality, and analyzed transfer learning capacity. Moreover, we validated the impact of single model components by systematically altering the model. Furthermore, we investigated the use of saliency maps as a tool for visualizing the spatial and temporal features driving the model output.  The CNN model and the LDA classifier achieved comparable accuracy on the lower dimensional dataset, but CNN exceeded LDA performance significantly on the higher dimensional dataset (without hypothesis driven preprocessing) achieving an average decoding accuracy of 90.7% (chance level 8.3% Parallel convolutions, tanh or ELU activation functions, and dropout regularization proved valuable for model performance, whereas the sequential convolutions, ReLU activation function, and batch normalization components, reduced accuracy or yielded no significant difference. Saliency maps revealed meaningful features, displaying the typical spatial distribution and latency of the P300 component expected during this task.  Following systematic evaluation, we provide recommendations for when and how to use CNN models in EEG decoding. Moreover, we propose a new approach for investigating the neural correlates of a cognitive task by training CNN models on raw high dimensional EEG data and utilizing saliency maps for relevant feature extraction.