nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus) are useful for utilizing lignocellulosic biomass.
Year: 2015

This review shows the biotechnological potential of oyster mushrooms with lignocellulosic biomass. The bioprocessing of plant byproducts using Pleurotus species provides numerous value added products, such as basidiocarps, animal feed, enzymes, and other useful materials. The biodegradation and bioconversion of agro wastes (lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose) could have vital implication in cleaning our environment. The bioprocessing of lignin depends on the potent lignocellulolytic enzymes such as phenol oxidases (laccase) or heme peroxidases (lignin peroxidase (LiP) manganese peroxidase (MnP) and versatile peroxidase) produced by the organism. The cellulose hydrolysing enzymes (that is, cellulases) basically divided into endo b 1,4 glucanase exo b 1,4 glucanase I and II, and b glucosidase, they attack cellulose to release glucose, a monomers units from the cellobiose, while several enzymes acted on hemicellulose to give D xylose from xylobiose. These enzymes have been produced by species of Pleurotus from lignocellulose and can also be used in several biotechnological applications, including detoxification, bioconversion, and bioremediation of resistant pollutants.  Oyster mushroom, lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose.
Classification and Prediction of Academic Talent Using Data Mining Techniques
Venue: KES
Year: 2010

In talent management, process to identify a potential talent is among the crucial tasks and need highly attentions from human resource professionals. Nowadays, data mining (DM) classification and prediction techniques are widely used in various fields. However, this approach has not attracted much interest from people in human resource. In this article, we attempt to determine the potential classification techniques for academic talent forecasting in higher education institutions. Academic talents are considered as valuable human capital which is the required talents can be classified by using past experience knowledge discovered from related databases. As a result, the classification model will be used for academic talent forecasting. In the experimental phase, we have used selected DM classification techniques. The potential technique is suggested based on the accuracy of classification model generated by that technique. Finally, the results illustrate there are some issues and challenges rise in this study, especially to acquire a good classification model.
Diagnosing COVID 19: The Disease and Tools for Detection
Venue: ACS nano
Year: 2020

COVID 19 has spread globally since its discovery in Hubei province, China in December 2019. A combination of computed tomography imaging, whole genome sequencing, and electron microscopy were initially used to screen and identify SARS CoV 2, the viral etiology of COVID 19. The aim of this review article is to inform the audience of diagnostic and surveillance technologies for SARS CoV 2 and their performance characteristics. We describe point of care diagnostics that are on the horizon and encourage academics to advance their technologies beyond conception. Developing plug and play diagnostics to manage the SARS CoV 2 outbreak would be useful in preventing future epidemics.
An intelligent query approach by integrating visual queries with full text search
Venue: LINK
Year: 2018

This research focuses on a combined query approach for handling structured and unstructured data. A Visual Query System (VQS) is usually developed for handling structured data. It enables end users to formulate queries through visual representations without the need of having knowledge of database and query languages. As an important branch of today's information retrieval technology, Full Text Search (FTS) is an important approach for dealing with unstructured data. Hence, a hybrid system can be developed, which integrates a Visual Query System with a Full Text Search engine and which acts as an intelligent search interface. A customized ranking algorithm can rank the results according to their relevance. This hybrid approach converts the natural language text queries and visual queries into a database query language, such as SQL. It can be adopted for different examples of data with a combination of structured and unstructured types to provide an efficient query interface solution. In particular, it can be integrated in web search engines to integrate structured data with unstructured data in the search interface.
A topical haemoglobin spray for oxygenating pressure ulcers: a pilot study.
Venue: British journal of community nursing
Year: 2015

The effect of pressure ulcers on patient quality of life have been recognised as a real problem for many years, and the need for robust and effective management of pressure ulcers is now a prominent national health care issue. Myriad different interventions exist for the treatment of pressure ulcers, including clinically effective dressings and pressure relieving devices, yet many pressure ulcers still do not heal and often become a chronic wound. This is the second of a series of articles (Norris, 2014) discussing the clinical evaluation of a topical oxygen therapy in practice. It describes a small evaluation involving 18 patients with pressure ulcers. The study set out to determine the effect of a topical oxygen therapy on wound size. The therapy comprises a canister that sprays pure haemoglobin in a water solution into or onto the wound. The haemoglobin spray needs to be used at least once every 3 days, does not require training on its use and can be used in any care setting. Overall, results identified wound healing progression in all 18 wounds and wound size reduction in 17 of the 18 wounds.
AttnGAN: Fine Grained Text to Image Generation with Attentional Generative Adversarial Networks
Venue: 2018 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Year: 2018

In this paper, we propose an Attentional Generative Adversarial Network (AttnGAN) that allows attention driven, multi stage refinement for fine grained text to image generation. With a novel attentional generative network, the AttnGAN can synthesize fine grained details at different sub regions of the image by paying attentions to the relevant words in the natural language description. In addition, a deep attentional multimodal similarity model is proposed to compute a fine grained image text matching loss for training the generator. The proposed AttnGAN significantly outperforms the previous state of the art, boosting the best reported inception score by 14.14% on the CUB dataset and 170.25% on the more challenging COCO dataset. A detailed analysis is also performed by visualizing the attention layers of the AttnGAN. It for the first time shows that the layered attentional GAN is able to automatically select the condition at the word level for generating different parts of the image.
Language competence in forensic interviews for suspected child sexual abuse.
Venue: Child abuse neglect
Year: 2016

Forensic interviews with children for suspected child sexual abuse require meeting children "where they are" in terms of their developmental level, readiness to disclose, culture, and language. The field lacks research indicating how to accommodate children's diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds. This article focuses on language competence, defined here as the ability of an organization and its personnel (in this case, Child Advocacy Centers and forensic interviewers) to communicate effectively with clients regardless of their preferred language(s) In this qualitative study, 39 U.S. child forensic interviewers and child advocacy center directors discussed their experiences, practices, and opinions regarding interviews with children and families who are not native speakers of English. Topics include the importance of interviewing children in their preferred language, problems in interpreted interviews, bilingual interviews, and current and recommended procedures. Recommendations for practice and further research are included.
Fundamentos para la realizacion de la revision bibliografica en investigacion sociosanitaria
Year: 2013

espanol* Para pasar de la informacion al conocimiento y del conocimiento a la accion, debemos filtrar la informacion accesible, la encontrada, la valida, la importante, la aplicable, la aceptada y, finalmente, solo quedarnos con la util. Proponemos un esquema de busqueda en investigacion sociosanitaria, teniendo en cuenta una premisa: que no existe una busqueda de informacion bibliografica ideal o universal. Se deben considerar cinco etapas en la realizacion de una busqueda bibliografica: 1) formular la pregunta clinica estructurada; 2) realizar el analisis conceptual; 3) elegir la(s) base(s) de datos; 4) preparar la correcta estrategia de busqueda; y 5) plantear la mejor estrategia de busqueda en el conjunto de las fuentes de informacion (primarias, secundarias y terciarias) English* So as to go from information to knowledge and from knowledge to action, we must filter the available, found, valid, important, applicable and accepted information and finally only focus on the one that is useful. We propose a search system in socio sanitary research taking a premise into account, i.e. there is no ideal or universal search for bibliographic information. Five steps are to be considered when conducting a bibliographic search: 1) to formulate a structured clinical question; 2) to perform the conceptual analysis; 3) to select the database(s) 4) to prepare the correct search approach; and 5) to propose the best search approach through the whole (primary, secondary and tertiary) information sources
Dietary probiotics have different effects on the composition of fecal microbiota in farmed raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and silver fox (Vulpes vulpes fulva)
Venue: BMC Microbiology
Year: 2019

BackgroundThe abuse of antibiotics in animal husbandry imposes a serious threat to both animal health and the environment. As a replacement for antibiotics, probiotic products have been widely used in livestock farming to promote growth of animals. However, no products specifically developed for farmed raccoon dogs and foxes are commercially available at the moment. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of mixed probiotics on farmed raccoon dogs and foxes.ResultsTwo feeding trials on farmed raccoon dogs and foxes were performed. A mixed probiotic preparation composed of Bifidobacterium bifidum, Clostridium butyricum, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis was fed to these two canine species in order to assess whether such a mixed probiotics can be an alternative to antibiotics (control group) The body weight of raccoon dogs exhibited an increasing tendency with mixed probiotics administration, while that of foxes did not. The serum antioxidant activity was evaluated, and a significantly increase of total antioxidative capacity (T AOC) was observed in both species. Illumina MiSeq was used for the sequencing of 16S rRNA genes to compare the composition of fecal microbiota between the control and mixed probiotics groups. Although a diversity did not change, b diversity of the fecal microbiota showed a distinct dissimilarity between the control and probiotics groups of both raccoon dogs and foxes. Dietary mixed probiotics increased the abundance of the genus Bifidobacterium in the fecal samples of raccoon dogs, and the genus Bacillus in the fecal samples of foxes. The different responses of raccoon dogs and foxes to probiotics might be the result of differences in the composition of the native gut microbiota of the two species.ConclusionsThe mixed probiotics preparation composed of Bifidobacterium bifidum, Clostridium butyricum, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis could be an effective feed additive for the improvement of the health of farmed raccoon dogs, but it may not be suitable for foxes.
Does Sustainability Push to Reshape Business Models? Evidence from the European Wine Industry
Year: 2020

The wine industry is not free from environmental concerns. The paper intends to explore the owners/managers' interest in environmental sustainability issues in their business model and to empirically understand a business model in the wine industry. Taking a qualitative approach, this exploratory study allows us to observe the phenomenon in a natural setting. Eleven interviewees were selected from wineries based in France and Italy. The study reveals that sustainability is an important issue in wine businesses that shapes the business model. Highlighting the environmental aspects of wine production, the four components of a business model, i.e. performance, resources, innovation, and value creation (PRIV) have emerged from the interviews. The sustainability and environmental issues are reflected in business models in the wine industry. The paper explains how these components of a business model work together to ensure sustainability practices by wine producers. This study proposes a model for future applications in winery businesses. The paper helps to understand that wine producers are very keen on environmentally friendly wine businesses.
Reperage des conduites a risque et des symptomes depressifs chez les adolescents admis en service d'accueil des urgences
Year: 2015

Resume Objectifs L'objectif principal de cette etude etait d'estimer la prevalence des conduites a risque et des symptomes depressifs chez les adolescents consultant au service d'accueil des urgences (SAU) d'un hopital general. L'objectif secondaire etait de comparer cette prevalence en fonction des motifs d'admission. Methode Etude observationnelle, monocentrique, menee de janvier a septembre 2013, a l'aide d'un questionnaire distribue a tous les adolescents de 12 a 18 ans se presentant au SAU pediatrique. Les questions s'attachaient a decrire leur environnement, leur mode de vie, les conduites a risque et les symptomes evocateurs de depression. Les patients ont ete repartis entre trois groupes en fonction du motif initial d'admission medical, traumatologique ou manifestation de souffrance psychique. Resultats Nous avons inclus 379 adolescents, de 15 ans d'age median. Ceux du groupe souffrance psychique differaient de facon significative sur les points suivants vie avec un seul parent ou en foyer, suivi par un professionnel de la sante mentale et/ou par un educateur, consommation reguliere d'alcool, consommation en binge drinking consommation plus elevee de cannabis et de tabac, frequence des symptomes tels que douleurs abdominales, cephalees, dorsalgies, vertiges, des difficultes d'endormissement et consommation plus frequente de medicaments a visee hypnotique et/ou anxiolytique. Ils avaient plus souvent fugue, eu des idees suicidaires et/ou fait des tentatives de suicide et presentaient plus de symptomes evocateurs de depression. Dans les deux autres groupes, la frequence de ces symptomes de depression et/ou de conduites a risque etait egalement tres elevee.  SAU sont un endroit privilegie pour le reperage de situations a risque ou de signes de depression dans la population adolescente, quel que soit le motif d'admission.
Low Titer Anti GAD Antibody Positive Cerebellar Ataxia
Venue: The Cerebellum
Year: 2012

The majority of cases of anti glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody positive cerebellar ataxia are reported to have high levels of anti GAD antibody, and the diagnostic value of low titers of anti GAD antibody in a patient with cerebellar ataxia is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to verify the characteristics of low titer anti GAD antibody positive cerebellar ataxia patients and the diagnostic value of low titers of anti GAD antibody in patients with cerebellar ataxia. The subjects were six patients positive for low titer GAD antibody <100 U/mL) We examined them with MRI, including voxel based morphometry, and with single photon emission computed tomography and monitored the GAD antibody index in the cerebrospinal fluid. The levels of antineuronal, antigliadin, anti SS A, antithyroid antibodies, and of vitamins E, B1, and B12 were determined. Thoracic and abdominal CT scans were performed to exclude a paraneoplastic origin. We treated three patients with immunotherapy. All cases showed cortical cerebellar atrophy. The GAD antibody index in three of the five patients reviewed was >1.0. Two of the six patients were thyroid antibody positive, and one was both antinuclear and anti SS A antibody positive. After the administration of immunotherapy to three patients, two showed clear effectiveness, and one, transient effectiveness. Effectiveness was greatest in the two patients with familial occurrence of the disease. In cerebellar ataxia, regardless of family history or isolated illness, it is critical to measure the GAD antibody level, and, even with a low titer level, if the result is positive, immunotherapy should be considered.
The ATP Sensitive Potassium Channel Subunit, Kir6.1, in Vascular Smooth Muscle Plays a Major Role in Blood Pressure Control
Venue: Hypertension
Year: 2014

ATP sensitive potassium channels (KATP) regulate a range of biological activities by coupling membrane excitability to the cellular metabolic state. In particular, it has been proposed that KATP channels and specifically, the channel subunits Kir6.1 and SUR2B, play an important role in the regulation of vascular tone. However, recent experiments have suggested that KATP channels outside the vascular smooth muscle compartment are the key determinant of the observed behavior. Thus, we address the importance of the vascular smooth muscle KATP channel, using a novel murine model in which it is possible to conditionally delete the Kir6.1 subunit. Using a combination of molecular, electrophysiological, in vitro, and in vivo techniques, we confirmed the absence of Kir6.1 and KATP currents and responses specifically in smooth muscle. Mice with conditional deletion of Kir6.1 showed no obvious arrhythmic phenotype even after provocation with ergonovine. However, these mice were hypertensive and vascular smooth muscle cells failed to respond to vasodilators in a normal fashion. Thus, Kir6.1 underlies the vascular smooth muscle KATP channel and has a key role in vascular reactivity and blood pressure control.
Big cat, small cat: reconstructing body size evolution in living and extinct Felidae
Venue: Journal of evolutionary biology
Year: 2015

The evolution of body mass is a fundamental topic in evolutionary biology, because it is closely linked to manifold life history and ecological traits and is readily estimable for many extinct taxa. In this study, we examine patterns of body mass evolution in Felidae (Placentalia, Carnivora) to assess the effects of phylogeny, mode of evolution, and the relationship between body mass and prey choice in this charismatic mammalian clade. Our data set includes 39 extant and 26 extinct taxa, with published body mass data supplemented by estimates based on condylobasal length. These data were run through 'SURFACE' and 'bayou' to test for patterns of body mass evolution and convergence between taxa. Body masses of felids are significantly different among prey choice groupings (small, mixed and large) We find that body mass evolution in cats is strongly influenced by phylogeny, but different patterns emerged depending on inclusion of extinct taxa and assumptions about branch lengths. A single Ornstein Uhlenbeck optimum best explains the distribution of body masses when first occurrence data were used for the fossil taxa. However, when mean occurrence dates or last known occurrence dates were used, two selective optima for felid body mass were recovered in most analyses: a small optimum around 5 kg and a large one around 100 kg. Across living and extinct cats, we infer repeated evolutionary convergences towards both of these optima, but, likely due to biased extinction of large taxa, our results shift to supporting a Brownian motion model when only extant taxa are included in analyses.
Single Parent Teachers' Work Life Balance and Job Productivity in Edo State Public Senior Secondary Schools
Year: 2020

Work life is believed to have either positive or negative effect on employees' job productivity especially among single parent workers. The study investigated the relationship between single parent teachers and their level of job productivity in public senior secondary schools in Edo State. To achieve this objective, four research questions were raised while three hypotheses were formulated therefrom. Two hundred and twenty five single parent teachers were purposively selected across the State owned secondary schools in Edo State, Nigeria. Data were obtained through a structured questionnaire which was validated and tested for reliability level. The data collected were analyzed with the aid of descriptive and inferential statistics. Results obtained in the research indicated that single parent teachers have low level of job productivity while their work life balance was relatively less stressful. It was however found that there was no significant relationship between work life balance and job productivity of single parent teachers. Consequent upon this, it was recommended amongst others that school leadership should show more consideration to the personal and family needs of single parent teachers especially; they should be innovative by using modern pedagogical tools for teaching and learning. Principals should step up their instructional supervisory roles, also, they should improve on their commitment to the welfare and working conditions of their staff members, especially the single parent teachers for improved job productivity.
Modelling the Kinetics of Steam Distillation of Essential Oils from Lemon Grass (Cymbopogon Spp.
Year: 2014

The kinetics of essential oil recovery from lemon grass was investigated using an experimentally validated first order kinetic model. Essential oil recovery was accomplished in a steam distillation equipment using 100g of plant material in different physical states. The kinetic model developed did not take into consideration the resistance to oil diffusion from the tissues within the plant material to the leaf surface. The integral method of analysis was used to test the fit of the model to the experimental results. The straight lines obtained indicated that the recovery of essential oils from lemon grass followed first order rate kinetics with a mean rate constant, k, of 0.0451. It was observed that oil extraction was not instantaneous as some time was required to wet the plant material to enable the oil diffuse from within the leaves to the surface. Furthermore, loose packing of the plant material within the steam distillation equipment improved oil yield and drying the plant material prior to distillation did not reduce the quantity of oil available for recovery.
Machine Learning for Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine: A Narrative Review
Venue: Pulmonary Therapy
Year: 2020

Machine learning (ML) is a discipline of computer science in which statistical methods are applied to data in order to classify, predict, or optimize, based on previously observed data. Pulmonary and critical care medicine have seen a surge in the application of this methodology, potentially delivering improvements in our ability to diagnose, treat, and better understand a multitude of disease states. Here we review the literature and provide a detailed overview of the recent advances in ML as applied to these areas of medicine. In addition, we discuss both the significant benefits of this work as well as the challenges in the implementation and acceptance of this non traditional methodology for clinical purposes.