nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotection Non cellulaire Autonome Par OTX2 Dans La Retine.
Year: 2020

Les homeoproteines sont des facteurs de transcription contenant un homeodomaine caracteristique et jouent un role essentiel dans la mise en place du schema corporel d'un organisme. OTX2 est l'une de ces homeoproteines. Au meme titre que les autres homeoproteines, en plus de son activite cellulaire autonome, OTX2 peut transferer entre les cellules et exercer un role non cellulaire autonome. De precedentes etudes ont demontre qu'OTX2 avait un effet neuroprotecteur sur les cellules retiniennes adultes. OTX2 favorise la survie des cellules ganglionnaire retinienne (CGR) adultes in vitro et les protege egalement in vivo contre la toxicite du N Methyl d aspartate (NMDA) dans un modele adulte du glaucome. De plus, lorsqu'OTX2 est inactive de maniere conditionnelle dans les cellules de l'epithelium pigmentaire retinien (EPR) cela provoque la degenerescence des photorecepteurs (PRs) Son expression dans les cellules de  est suffisante pour la survie des PRs, ce qui montre qu'OTX2 dans les cellules de  est necessaire a la survie des PRs. Cependant, on ne sait pas si OTX2 provenant de  a un effet protecteur sur les PRs grace a son action non cellulaire autonome. L'objectif de cette these est de caracteriser l'activite non cellulaire autonome d'OTX2 dans la retine et son effet sur la fonction visuelle et survie des PRs. Dans la premiere partie, nous avons bloque le transfert d'OTX2 dans la retine et teste les fonctions visuelles grace a l'utilisation de souris PVCre::scFvOtx2 dans lesquelle les cellules exprimant la parvalbumine secretent un anticorps simple chaine dirige contre OTX2 (OTX2scFv) L'OTX2scFv secrete bloque le transfert d'OTX2 dans la retine ce qui n'a aucun effet sur la structure et l'anatomie de la retine. Cependant, les souris PVCre::scFvOtx2 ont une acuite visuelle reduite et une alteration de la physiologie de la retine interne. Ceci demontre une activite non cellulaire autonome d'OTX2 sur la fonction de la retine interne. Dans la deuxieme partie, nous avons recherche si OTX2 a un effet neuroprotecteur sur les PRs. Nous avons demontre qu'OTX2 est present dans la matrice inter photoreceptrice (MIP) de souris WT ou se trouvent les segments externes des PRs. Nous avons egalement constate qu'OTX2 exogene est capable de se lier aux glycosaminoglycanes (GAGs) de la MIP sur des coupes de retines congelees. Nous avons egalement observe que, dans des retines ex vivo, OTX2 exogene est capable de moduler les genes de la voie des especes reactives de l'oxygene (ERO) mitochondriales afin de proteger les cellules de la retine contre le stress oxydatif. Ce travail demontre que l'effet non cellulaire autonome d'OTX2 dans la retine provoque une alteration des fonctions des cellules de la retine interne ce qui cause une diminution de l'acuite visuelle. OTX2 se lie aux segments externes et altere l'expression des genes impliques dans la voie des ERO dans la retine. Tout cela contribue a fournir un effet neuroprotecteur aux PRs.
Highly efficient and thermally stable Cr3+ activated silicate phosphors for broadband near infrared LED applications
Year: 2020

A novel broadband near infrared (NIR) phosphor LiInSi2O6:Cr3+ (LIS:Cr3+ is successfully synthesized via solid state reaction. Its crystal structure, photoluminescence properties as well as the application in NIR phosphor converted LEDs (pc LEDs) are explored. The LIS:Cr3+ phosphor has two absorptions bands centered at ~460 and 670 nm, respectively. Under 460 nm excitation, it shows the broadband NIR emission peaking at ~840 nm with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of ~143 nm. The optimum Cr3+ concentration is found to be ~6 mol% whereas the intensity decrease at further increased Cr3+ content is attributed to the radiative energy transfer process. The LIS:0.06Cr3+ phosphor has a quantum yield of ~75% and can retain ~77% of the initial intensity at 150 degC. Highly efficient, thermally stable and broad NIR emissions of LIS:Cr3+ phosphors are caused by the Cr3+ preferential occupancy in [InO6] octahedron with weak crystal field but relatively strong rigidity. The NIR pc LED is fabricated by combining the LIS:Cr3+ phosphor with the blue LED chip, which has the NIR output power of ~51.6 mW and the photoelectric efficiency of ~17.8% at 100 mA drive current. The results suggest that LIS:Cr3+ phosphors have great potential for applications in broadband NIR pc LEDs.
The Impact of Classroom Management Strategies on the Students' Academic Success in the Computer Assisted Lesson
Year: 2013

The present study aims to highlight that there is a direct connection between the classroom management strategies involved in the computer assisted lesson and students' success in retaining information and building learning skills and competences. One of the roles that a teacher must assume in order to improve the instructional process is that of a classroom manager. As long as teaching is no longer understood as information transfer, teachers must learn efficient approaches of the contemporary multileveled instructional process. The aspects discussed in this paper regard the role of an active teacher, the student centred instruction, building long term valid skills and competences, increasing students' awareness and participation, managing discipline as a source of responsibilization, developing a positive teacher student relationship, acquiring and using scientifically developed teaching strategies in the technology aided classroom.
NMR based metabolomic studies on the toxicological effects of cadmium and copper on green mussels Perna viridis.
Venue: Aquatic toxicology
Year: 2010

Traditional toxicology studies have focused on selected biomarkers to characterize the biological stress induced by metals in marine organisms. In this study, a system biology tool, metabolomics, was applied to the marine mussel Perna viridis to investigate changes in the metabolic profiles of soft tissue as a response to copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) both as single metal and as a mixture. The major metabolite changes corresponding to metal exposure are related to amino acids, osmolytes, and energy metabolites. Following metal exposure for 1 week, there was a significant increase in the levels of branched chain amino acids, histidine, glutamate, glutamine, hypotaurine, dimethylglycine, arginine and ATP/ADP. For the Cu+Cd co exposed mussels, the levels of lactate, branched chain amino acid, succinate, and NAD increased, whereas the levels of glucose, glycogen, and ATP/ADP decreased, indicating a different metabolic profile for the single metal exposure groups. After 2 weeks of exposure, the mussels showed acclimatization to Cd exposure based on the recovery of some metabolites. However, the metabolic profile induced by the metal mixture was very similar to that from Cu exposure, suggesting that Cu dominantly induced the metabolic disturbances. Both Cu and Cd may lead to neurotoxicity, disturbances in energy metabolism, and osmoregulation changes. These results demonstrate the high applicability and reliability of NMR based metabolomics in interpreting the toxicological mechanisms of metals using global metabolic biomarkers.
Does Atkins Make A Difference in Non Capital Cases? Should It?
Year: 2015

The holding in Atkins v. Virginia is clear. The execution of mentally retarded defendants, those people with intellectual disabilities, is unconstitutional. One other feature of the Atkins decision is also certain; the reason the 8th Amendment is violated by the use of the death penalty with such convicted defendants. That is because defendants with intellectual disabilities are to be viewed as less culpable than other defendants.In this article, I look at the limited impact the Atkins rationale and its holding have had in non capital cases. I examine three areas: confessions (both voluntariness determinations, and understanding of Miranda warnings) the ability of those with intellectual disabilities to assist their lawyers in making plea decisions or in creating a defense to criminal prosecutions, and sentencing. These three areas are of genuine significance because they focus on an accused's understanding of the process and also the degree of culpability for the offense.
CURE SMOTE algorithm and hybrid algorithm for feature selection and parameter optimization based on random forests
Venue: BMC Bioinformatics
Year: 2017

BackgroundThe random forests algorithm is a type of classifier with prominent universality, a wide application range, and robustness for avoiding overfitting. But there are still some drawbacks to random forests. Therefore, to improve the performance of random forests, this paper seeks to improve imbalanced data processing, feature selection and parameter optimization.ResultsWe propose the CURE SMOTE algorithm for the imbalanced data classification problem. Experiments on imbalanced UCI data reveal that the combination of Clustering Using Representatives (CURE) enhances the original synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) algorithms effectively compared with the classification results on the original data using random sampling, Borderline SMOTE1, safe level SMOTE, C SMOTE, and k means SMOTE. Additionally, the hybrid RF (random forests) algorithm has been proposed for feature selection and parameter optimization, which uses the minimum out of bag (OOB) data error as its objective function. Simulation results on binary and higher dimensional data indicate that the proposed hybrid RF algorithms, hybrid genetic random forests algorithm, hybrid particle swarm random forests algorithm and hybrid fish swarm random forests algorithm can achieve the minimum OOB error and show the best generalization ability.ConclusionThe training set produced from the proposed CURE SMOTE algorithm is closer to the original data distribution because it contains minimal noise. Thus, better classification results are produced from this feasible and effective algorithm. Moreover, the hybrid algorithm's F value, G mean, AUC and OOB scores demonstrate that they surpass the performance of the original RF algorithm. Hence, this hybrid algorithm provides a new way to perform feature selection and parameter optimization.
Dynamic analysis of deepwater steel lazy wave riser with internal flow and seabed interaction using a nonlinear finite element method
Year: 2020

Steel lazy wave risers (SLWRs) are regarded as an alternative option of advanced steel catenary risers (SCRs) and their nonlinear dynamic performance is a great challenge as subjected to vessel offsets and wave current loads. Especially, the mechanical features would be more complicated due to the introduction of the buoyancy module system. This paper presents a numerical model based on three dimensional (3D) large deformation rod theory. The whole space model is divided into four parts: touchdown segment, decline segment, buoyancy segment and hang off segment to accurately simulate the favorable motion performance of the SLWR. The governing equations are established in terms of a global coordinate system, which involves the effects of vessel motion, wave current loads, riser seabed interaction and internal flow. The finite element method combined with an Adams Moulton scheme is applied to discretize the governing equation and update the time integration. The numerical model is verified with the published results and numerical simulations are executed to determine the dynamic behavior of the SLWR. The comprehensive parametric analysis is then conducted to investigate the influences of motion amplitude, motion period, length of buoyancy segment, wave current load, internal flow, seabed friction on the SLWR's dynamic behavior.
POLYBIUS, 'THE TREATY OF PHILINUS' AND ROMAN ACCUSATIONS AGAINST CARTHAGE
Venue: The Classical Quarterly
Year: 2010

Philinus of Agrigentum, a pro Carthaginian and anti Roman historian of the First Punic War (Polyb. 1.14.3) asserted that there was a treaty between Rome and Carthage which forbade Roman involvement in Sicily as it forbade Carthaginian involvement in Italy. The terms of the treaty which Philinus reported are summarized by Polybius at 3.26.3: edei Romaious men apekhesthai Sikelias apases, Karkhedonious d Italias. Philinus went on to assert that when the Romans crossed into Italy to aid the Mamertines of Messana (264 B.C. and thus began the First Punic War, this was a violation of the treaty and of Roman oaths to the gods to obey it; the Romans broke tas sunthekas kai tous orkous (3.26.7, cf. 26.4).1 Polybius, of course, denies that the treaty of Philinus ever existed. This was in great part because even with the help of Roman friends (3.23.3) he could not find such a treaty in the 'Treasury of the Aediles' at Rome; yet several other Roman Carthaginian treaties dating from before the First Punic War were there, inscribed on bronze tablets (3.26.1) as well as several Roman Carthaginian treaties dating from the middle and late third century. In addition, Polybius emphasized that the terms of the three treaties antedating the First Punic War that were in the archives took as a given the presence of Romans in Sicily, including Punic western Sicily, and took as a given the presence of Carthaginians in Italy, including in Latium (3.23.5, 24.12 16, cf. 25.3 5) Polybius concluded: 'How, then, and from what source did he [Philinus] make so bold as to write that there was a treaty? There has never been and there is no document of this kind at all' (3.26.3) 2 The question of the historicity of the 'treaty of Philinus' is a major issue in the modern scholarship of Roman expansion under the Republic, and scholars are divided on whether Polybius was correct, or whether, on the contrary, the Philinus treaty actually existed.3 The question is important for two reasons. First,
APETALA2 negatively regulates multiple floral organ identity genes in Arabidopsis by recruiting the co repressor TOPLESS and the histone deacetylase HDA19
Venue: Development
Year: 2012

The development and coordination of complex tissues in eukaryotes requires precise spatial control of fate specifying genes. Although investigations of such control have traditionally focused on mechanisms of transcriptional activation, transcriptional repression has emerged as being equally important in the establishment of gene expression territories. In the angiosperm flower, specification of lateral organ fate relies on the spatial regulation of the ABC floral organ identity genes. Our understanding of how the boundaries of these expression domains are controlled is not complete. Here, we report that the A class organ identity gene APETALA2 (AP2) which is known to repress the C class gene AGAMOUS, also regulates the expression borders of the B class genes APETALA3 and PISTILLATA, and the E class gene SEPALLATA3. We show that AP2 represses its target genes by physically recruiting the co repressor TOPLESS and the histone deacetylase HDA19. These results demonstrate that AP2 plays a broad role in flower development by controlling the expression domains of numerous floral organ identity genes.
An active contour model based on hybrid energy and fisher criterion for image segmentation
Venue: International Journal of Image and Data Fusion
Year: 2019

Image segmentation (Lin et al. 2018, Shoulin et al. 2018) is the basic link of image processing and machine vision, so it is very important to study this content. Because the image can be interfered by many factors in the process of imaging, the image is usually with some problems such as heterogeneous, edge blur, noisy, which makes low accuracy of traditional segmentation methods. In recent years, the active contour model (Ben Rabeh et al. 2017) has achieved great success in image segmentation, which is widely concerned by researchers. The active contour model can be divided into two categories: parameter active contour model (Hanbay and Talu 2018) and geometric active contour model (Khamechian and Saadatmand Tarzjan 2018) The geometric active contour model can be subdivided into two categories: dynamic contour model based on edge (Amini et al. 2004) and active contour model based on region (Soudani and Zagrouba 2017, Elisee et al. 2017) For the edge based active contour model, the results are not ideal when it segments weak edge and the images with noise, the robustness of the initial contour lines is also poor. To this end, the scholars propose an active contour model based on region. There are some representative region based active contour models, such as chan vese model (CV) and Piecewise Smooth model (PS) The model is used to guide the curve evolution by using the information of pixel grey variance in the curve. And it does not depend on the gradient information of the image, so it can deal with the weak edge of image better. Shyu et al. (2012) introduced the Retinex theory into the active contour model, which was commonly used for image segmentation. The segmentation procedure was then guided by the image intensity and light reflection. In order to solve the proposed model efficiently, this work developed a new fast Split Bregman algorithm. The results were better. Xiaomin and Tingting (2017) presented an alternative criterion derived from the least squares projection twin support vector machine (LSPTSVM) for image segmentation. The proposed model treated image segmentation as pattern classification problem, and hence tried to seek the projected axis and centre for the foreground and background intensities, respectively. With level set representation, the discriminative function of LSTSVM was incorporated into the energy function of the active contour model, and derived the contour evolution accordingly. Experiment results demonstrated that this model held higher segmentation accuracy and more noise robustness. Le and Savvides (2016) proposed a novel joint formulation
Spirituality and Prayer on Teacher Stress and Burnout in an Italian Cohort: A Pilot, Before After Controlled Study
Venue: Frontiers in Psychology
Year: 2019

Teaching is a stressful profession that exposes workers to the risk of burnout. Techniques involving higher mental functions, such as transcendental meditation and prayer, have been used in stress and burnout prevention programs. In this study, we report the results of an experience conducted in a group of teachers of a religious institute, in which prayer was used as a technique to prevent burnout.  Fifty teachers and support staff employed at a Catholic school of a Congregation of nuns volunteered for this study. They were randomized into two groups: prayer treatment (n 25) or control group (n 25) The treatment protocol was based on the combination of individual Christian prayer and a focus group of prayer reflection. The participants received two 30 min training sessions a week over 2 months. Job satisfaction, well being, and burnout symptoms (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization sub scales) were measured at baseline and at follow up (4 months) with the Italian versions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory validated for teaching and education sector, the General Health Questionnaire, and the Warr, Cook, and Wall's Job Satisfaction Scale.  At follow up, a significant improvement of all outcome measures was observed. Emotional exhaustion (16.80 4.92, p 0.001) depersonalization (3.72 0.60, p 0.001) levels, and psychological impairment (10.08 2.04, p 0.001) were significantly decreased, and job satisfaction (45.96 77.00, p 0.001) was increased. The effect sizes (Glass' D) of the therapeutic interventions ranged from 0.53 (satisfaction level) to 2.87 (psychological health) suggesting moderate to large effects.  Prayer could be effective, no less than meditation and other spiritual or mind body techniques, in contrasting the negative effects of occupational stress and preventing burnout among teachers and possibly other human service professionals.
Introduction to the special issue on advice for a happy life
Year: 2008

The demand for happiness advice is vast and many different thinkers have offered their views. This special issue presents a cross section of happiness counseling through the ages and considers the advice by classic Chinese philoso phers, Epicurus, Schopenhauer, as well as contemporary New Age thinkers and self help authors. The papers follow three leading questions: 1) What is recommended for leading a happy life? 2) How does this advice fit in the worldview of the author and into a social, cultural and historical context? 3) Are the recommendations in line with what is known about the conditions of happiness? There are common themes in advice for a happy life but also much contradiction, and some honoured philoso phers offer advice that can harm happiness if it is taken to heart by present day readers.
4 Nitrophenol biodegradation by an isolated and characterized microbial consortium and statistical optimization of physicochemical parameters by Taguchi Methodology
Year: 2020

A metabolically versatile and highly efficient 4 Nitrophenol degrading bacterial consortium was isolated from a pesticide contaminated agricultural soil by successive enrichment on a mineral salt medium. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, the members of the consortium were found to be Brevibacterium sp. PNP1 (MH169212) Pseudomonas sp. PNP2 (MH169213) Agromyces mediolanus PNP3 (MH169214) and Microbacterium oxydans PNP4 (MH169215) Taguchi Design of experiments approach (DOE) was applied using Qualitek 4 software for the optimization of parameters to enhance the biomass growth and 4 Nitrophenol biodegradation efficiency. Nine physicochemical parameters such as magnesium sulphate, phosphate ion, yeast extract, calcium chloride, temperature, pH, inoculum dose, incubation time, and agitation speed were chosen for optimization due to their crucial impact on biomass growth and 4 Nitrophenol degradation. 27 trials of biodegradation experiments were performed under the L 27 Orthogonal Array (OA) designed by the Taguchi approach. The experimental data were analyzed using the Signal to noise (S/N) ratio with the 'bigger is better' characteristics to identify the influential parameters and to establish the optimum conditions for maximizing 4 Nitrophenol biodegradation. Validation of the predicted data with the confirmatory experiments revealed that 1.19 g/L of biomass and 99.12% of 4 Nitrophenol degradation could be attained resulting in 121.48% and 249.88% enhancement in the biomass growth and 4 Nitrophenol degradation respectively, at the optimized condition of yeast extract 2.0 g/L, pH 9.5, temperature 32 degC, incubation time 78 h, agitation 160 rpm, and inoculum dose 0.5 absorbance units (AU) of OD600.
An efficient online examination system using speech recognition
Year: 2017

Dept. of Information Technology, Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Uttar Pradesh, India [1][2][3] Assistant Professor 2, Dept. of Information Technology, Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Uttar Pradesh, India   A speech recognition system converts the speechsound into the corresponding text. The uttered speech is first understood by the machine and then the corresponding text is displayed  This paper describes the development of an efficient speech recognition system for speaker independent, real time, isolated words of English Language. Speech is a useful and efficient communication medium with machines, especially in the environment where keyboard input is tedious or impossible. This paper is a study of the technology and modeling techniques have been used for Speech Processing and the application of ASR in Online Examination System. Online Examination System using Speech Recognition is very useful for Educational institutions to prepare an exam, save the time that will be needed to check the paper and prepare mark sheets. It will be particularly of help for the students with disabilities to appear for competitive examinations as well as university examinations. The integration speech recognition system will make the procedure of exam conducting, monitoring and completion more efficient, organized and less chaotic and extremely convenient.