nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The Ontology of Bulgarian Dialects Architecture and Information Retrieval
Venue: LREC
Year: 2020

Following a concise description of the structure, the paper focuses on the potential of the Ontology of the Bulgarian Dialects, which demonstrates a novel usage of the ontological modelling for the purposes of dialect digital archiving and information processing. The ontology incorporates information on the dialects of the Bulgarian language and includes data from 84 dialects, spoken not only on the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria, but also abroad. It encodes both their geographical distribution and some of their main diagnostic features, such as the different mutations (also referred to as reflexes) of some of the Old Bulgarian vowels. The mutations modelled so far in the ontology include the reflex of the back nasal vowel /o/ under stress, the reflex of the back er vowel under stress, and the reflex of the yat vowel /e/ under stress when it precedes a syllable with a back vowel. Besides the opportunity for formal structuring of the considerable amount of data gathered through the years by dialectologists, the ontology also provides numerous possibilities for information retrieval searches by dialect, country, dialect region, city or village, various combinations of diagnostic features.
Robust Semi Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation with Reprojected Distances
Venue: CoRL
Year: 2019

Dense depth estimation from a single image is a key problem in computer vision, with exciting applications in a multitude of robotic tasks. Initially viewed as a direct regression problem, requiring annotated labels as supervision at training time, in the past few years a substantial amount of work has been done in self supervised depth training based on strong geometric cues, both from stereo cameras and more recently from monocular video sequences. In this paper we investigate how these two approaches (supervised self supervised) can be effectively combined, so that a depth model can learn to encode true scale from sparse supervision while achieving high fidelity local accuracy by leveraging geometric cues. To this end, we propose a novel supervised loss term that complements the widely used photometric loss, and show how it can be used to train robust semi supervised monocular depth estimation models. Furthermore, we evaluate how much supervision is actually necessary to train accurate scale aware monocular depth models, showing that with our proposed framework, very sparse LiDAR information, with as few as 4 beams (less than 100 valid depth values per image) is enough to achieve results competitive with the current state of the art.
A Model View ViewModel (MVVM) Application Framework for Hearing Impairment Diagnosis Class Inheritance Architecture
Venue: 2020 Intermountain Engineering, Technology and Computing (IETC)
Year: 2020

Around 466 million people worldwide (over 5% of the world's population) have disabling hearing loss, and out of these 34 million are children. Estimates suggest that by 2050, over 900 million people worldwide will have disabling hearing loss. The annual global cost of unaddressed hearing loss amounts to US$ 750 billion. Early detection of hearing loss can reduce its impact on an individual's life in addition to saving a huge cost. This paper, the last one in a series of three papers, presents the class inheritance architecture of an open source application framework for hearing impairment diagnosis. The framework is built using the Model View ViewModel (MVVM) pattern which separates the development of graphical user interface (GUI) from the development of business and back end logic. Some of the benefits of the MVVM pattern include reusable components, independent development of GUI and business or back end logic, flexibility to modify GUI without having to change business or back end logic, ease of unit testing, and reduced maintenance overhead. The proposed framework along with the open source code makes it possible to easily extend the application functionality thus enabling other researchers and practitioners to develop their own versions of hearing loss diagnosis applications. The proposed software was evaluated by an otolaryngologist and found to be very beneficial in assisting a clinician to reach a hearing impairment diagnosis conclusion more methodically, swiftly and accurately.
Performance Management in Europe: An Idea Whose Time Has Come and Gone?
Year: 2018

New Public Management reforms in Europe, as elsewhere, heavily rely on performance indicators and targets. All corners of the public sector, from local to European and from policy formulation to management practice, have been affected. This focus on measurement fits well in a long tradition of measurement and state building. Yet, in recent years, disenchantment with performance management grows. More often than not, target regimes produce dysfunctional consequences. While the performance of performance target regimes is wanting, performance management is being reinvented. Rather than a system of accountability, performance management should prompt learning and dialogue. Performance management as a learning system may well be the next idea whose time has come.
Reduced complexity column layered decoding and implementation for LDPC codes
Venue: IET Commun.
Year: 2011

Layered decoding is well appreciated in low density parity check (LDPC) decoder implementation since it can achieve effectively high decoding throughput with low computation complexity. This work, for the first time, addresses low complexity column layered decoding schemes and very large scale integration (VLSI) architectures for multi Gb/s applications. At first, the min sum algorithm is incorporated into the column layered decoding. Then algorithmic transformations and judicious approximations are explored to minimise the overall computation complexity. Compared to the original column layered decoding, the new approach can reduce the computation complexity in check node processing for high rate LDPC codes by up to 90% while maintaining the fast convergence speed of layered decoding. Furthermore, a relaxed pipelining scheme is presented to enable very high clock speed for VLSI implementation. Equipped with these new techniques, an efficient decoder architecture for quasi cyclic LDPC codes is developed and implemented with 0.13%%m VLSI implementation technology. It is shown that a decoding throughput of nearly 4%Gb/s at a maximum of 10 iterations can be achieved for a (4096, 3584) LDPC code. Hence, this work has facilitated practical applications of column layered decoding and particularly made it very attractive in high speed, high rate LDPC decoder implementation.
Organization of the university educational environment in the context of the COVID 19 pandemic
Year: 2021

The article reveals issues related to the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on various aspects of human activity. The necessity of transferring at the peak of diseases of educational institutions to the distance format of conducting classes is substantiated. Studying the articles of a number of authors, the high efficiency of distance learning for high school students and university students is noted; the forms of distance learning in various universities of the world and the problems of such learning are revealed; attention is focused on the possibilities of using a hybrid learning model in the educational process with preliminary recording of lectures on YouTube and conducting classes online using the Teams, Skype, Zoom technology platforms; an assessment of the perception of innovative digital technologies by teachers and students is carried out; it is proposed to submit practically significant, complex tasks for exams that require research and the use of competencies by students of several specialized disciplines. Considerable attention is paid to the organization of the educational process at the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation. It is noted that many problems of the transition to distance learning were avoided thanks to the advance, systematic and purposeful work to form the university digital environment. The general technological scheme of the educational process of the university in a pandemic is illustrated and disclosed in detail. Information about specialized programs and packages that support the educational process is provided. The role of 1C software products, 1C cloud solutions, which support many basic disciplines in various areas of student training, is especially noted. The possibilities and directions of students' research work in the field of data analysis and machine learning are revealed. It is concluded that the transition of education to distance learning has not become critical for the Financial University. The University continues to train highly demanded qualified personnel.
APPLICATION OF PLAYING METHOD MOBIS TO GROW BUILD A FINE MOTORIC SKILL AND CREATIVITY OF PRESCHOOL AGE (5 6 years) THROUGH MOBILE ACTIVITIES IN ISLAMIC KINDERGARTEN AN NISA BANDUNG
Year: 2018

Implementation of play methods in early childhood has always been a major effort in foster growinga fine motor skills and creativity. In An Nisa Bandung kindergarten, the method of playing through Mobis (Motor skills block interlocking system) activities is applied to 20 B age group students aged 5 6 years to know the success rate of developing motor skills and creativity after 8 times of monitoring in the class. The results of the experimental experiments show a smooth growth rate of fine motor skills average of 70% or included in the category "Growing as the hope" and the average creativityof 85 which belongs to the category "Growing very good" Evaluation of the effectiveness of Mobis method implementation shows more correction or refinement result about parameters of the number of applications within the specified time period that best suits the psychological situation of the students. The other improvements are statistically mainly about the number of students who should be more and come from various backgrounds of family culture, as well as supporting facilities in class activities and the number of teachers and teacher assistants who monitor.
SedFoam: A multi dimensional Eulerian two phase model for sediment transport and its application to momentary bed failure
Year: 2017

A multi dimensional Eulerian two phase model for sediment transport, called SedFoam, is presented. The model was developed under the open source framework via the CFD toolbox OpenFOAM. With closures of particle stresses and fluid particle interactions, the model is able to resolve processes in the concentrated region of sediment transport and hence does not require conventional bedload/suspended load assumptions. A modified k closure was adopted for the carrier flow turbulence. The model was validated for Reynolds averaged steady and oscillatory sheet flows and verified with empirical formulae for scour downstream of an apron. The model was used to study momentary bed failure (or plug flow) under sheet flow conditions. Model results revealed the existence of instabilities of the near bed transport layer when momentary bed failure criteria was exceeded. These instabilities evolved into 5 10 cm billows and were responsible for the large transport rate. The instabilities were associated with a large erosion depth, which was triggered by the combination of large bed shear stresses and large horizontal pressure gradients. Further numerical experiments confirmed the conjecture by previous studies that a criterion for onset of momentary bed failure in oscillatory sheet flow was a function of both the Shields parameter and Sleath parameter.
Different physiological and behavioural effects of e cigarette vapour and cigarette smoke in mice
Venue: European Neuropsychopharmacology
Year: 2015

Nicotine is the primary addictive substance in tobacco smoke and electronic cigarette (e cig) vapour. Methodological limitations have made it difficult to compare the role of the nicotine and non nicotine constituents of tobacco smoke. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of traditional cigarette smoke and e cig vapour containing the same amount of nicotine in male BALB/c mice exposed to the smoke of 21 cigarettes or e cig vapour containing 16.8 mg of nicotine delivered by means of a mechanical ventilator for three 30 min sessions/day for seven weeks. One hour after the last session, half of the animals were sacrificed for neurochemical analysis, and the others underwent mecamylamine precipitated or spontaneous withdrawal for the purposes of behavioural analysis. Chronic intermittent non contingent, second hand exposure to cigarette smoke or e cig vapour led to similar brain cotinine and nicotine levels, similar urine cotinine levels and the similar up regulation of a4b2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in different brain areas, but had different effects on body weight, food intake, and the signs of mecamylamine precipitated and spontaneous withdrawal episodic memory and emotional responses. The findings of this study demonstrate for the first time that e cig vapour induces addiction related neurochemical, physiological and behavioural alterations. The fact that inhaled cigarette smoke and e cig vapour have partially different dependence related effects indicates that compounds other than nicotine contribute to tobacco dependence.
Semantic manipulation of non Semantic/natural language queries
Venue: JCKBSE 2010
Year: 2010

Rapid growth of information has made information access inherently difficult. Semantic Web, with the help of formal Ontologies, has provided an efficient way to represent data which makes it easy to find and organize by creating a mesh of information linked up in machine process able way. The formal query languages (SPARQL) can exploit the semantics in information access; however formal languages are complex for naive users. On the other hand, keyword search can't benefit from semantics of information. In this paper we present a query interface that performs semantic manipulation of non semantic natural language based queries. The proposed query interface semantically manipulates the user query to generate RDF triples to be queried using SPARQL. Proposed system provides the richness of semantics of formal query languages while maintaining query simplicity.
Petri net based simulation analysis for emergency response to multiple simultaneous large scale fires
Year: 2016

In the field of hazardous chemicals, there are many flammable materials located in different places within an industrial area. It is possible that major fires occur at the same time due to terrorism or vandalism (i.e. a security point of view) These fires might lead to domino effects at different locations around. Whether the fire emergency response preparedness, which is organized to fight against one of the fires, can handle the multiple fires, is studied in this article and a Petri net based simulation approach is proposed. Through Petri net based simulation, the process of fire fighting can be revealed. A model of fighting against three fires is established, and the strategies of fire fighters staffing arrangements are analyzed. The results show that in most cases the distribution according to fire severity is better than the average distribution, but in some conditions the average distribution strategy prevails. Different backup staffing strategies are also compared, and the results indicate that the improvement by increasing staffing backups also depends on the fire conditions.
PERCEPTION ON THE IMAGE OF WOMEN IN SOCIETY WITH REFERENCE TO HUMAN RELATIONSHIPS AND FAMILY IN BHABANI BHATTACHARYA S MUSIC FOR MOHINI
Year: 2019

Our cultural life and society are dependent upon a few forms of family organization. The group of a family is the most sensitive unit of the society where all the members are free to share their happiness, sadness, and anxieties of life. This is the family which supports the members to interact with the more extensive social system. For protection, socialization, and reproduction, a family is necessary. The relationship between the family members especially the bonding of marriage where both men and women play a very important role is generally studied and remains the focus position in many works of Indian literature. Bhabani Bhattacharya is one of the most accomplished contemporary Indian women writers in English. A novelist with a clear perception on the image of women in society is passionate to study human relationships and family. The aim of this article is to study the different relationships in a family and the complexities of village city relationship, and tradition and modern in the context of marriage in Bhabani Bhattacharya's second novel 'Music for Mohini. he shows the fundamental values of Indian womanhood in Mohini's character. The marital life of Jayadev and Mohini are the focal point of this study. The disturbed relationship and disappointments in their life forced introspection in the protagonist Mohini. The mother of Jayadev is a common orthodox woman married to the centuries old powers of her husband's house. She assiduously attempts to maintain vital the family traditions opposite all the differences. The Big House is a suggestion of feudal settings. Mohini's approach into the house waves the development of tension between traditional ethos and her reasonable modem aspirations.
Etude descriptive des accidents vasculaires cerebraux a Douala, Cameroun
Year: 2011

Un accident vasculaire cerebral (AVC) est un deficit cerebral focal d'installation rapide durant plus de 24 heures et ayant une origine vasculaire. Il represente la deuxieme cause de deces dans le monde, les pays du tiers monde comptant parmi les plus atteints. Le but de ce travail etait de decrire les lesions cerebro vasculaires au Cameroun (nature, localisation, taille) ainsi que l'age et le sexe des patients. Nous avons procede a une etude retrospective des resultats de scanner et d'IRM de 50 patients admis a l'hopital general de Douala et a la Polyclinique de Bonanjo. La tranche d'age la plus atteinte est celle comprise entre 51 ans et 60 ans. Les hommes sont les plus atteints avec 64% de cas observes. Les accidents ischemiques forment 60 des observations contre 40 pour les hemorragies. Avec 43,3 le territoire sylvien est le plus atteint par les AVC ischemiques tandis que le lobe temporal est la zone la plus atteinte par les AVC hemorragiques avec 35 de cas observes. La mediane des AVC ischemiques est de 2,81 cm 3 celle des AVC hemorragiques est de 26,98 cm 3 On observe une proportion importante d'AVC hemorragiques et lacunaires dans cet echantillon. Les differences observees entre les deux hopitaux seraient liees a l'utilisation d'outils de neuro imagerie differents, l'IRM etant plus sensible que le scanner dans le diagnostic des AVC. Neanmoins le scanner reste l'outil le plus utilise en raison de sa disponibilite.
Real World Evidence to Contextualize Clinical Trial Results and Inform Regulatory Decisions: Tofacitinib Modified Release Once Daily vs Immediate Release Twice Daily for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Venue: Advances in Therapy
Year: 2020

Tofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) To provide additional clinical evidence in regulatory submissions for a modified release (MR) once daily (QD) tofacitinib formulation, we compared real world adherence and effectiveness between patients initiating the MR QD formulation and patients initiating an immediate release (IR) twice daily (BID) formulation.  Two noninterventional cohort studies were conducted. First, adherence and two effectiveness proxies were compared between patients with RA who newly initiated tofacitinib MR 11 mg QD or IR 5 mg BID in the IBM (r) MarketScan (r) Commercial and Medicare Supplemental US insurance claims databases (March 2016 October 2018) Second, using data collected in the Corrona US RA Registry (February 2016 August 2019) two Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) based measures of effectiveness were compared between tofacitinib MR 11 mg QD and IR 5 mg BID, and against noninferiority criteria derived from placebo controlled clinical trials of the tofacitinib IR formulation. Multiple sensitivity analyses of the registry data were conducted to reassure regulators of consistent results across different assumptions.  In each study, approximately two thirds of patients initiated the MR formulation. In the claims database study, improved adherence and at least comparable effectiveness were observed with tofacitinib MR vs IR over 12 months, particularly in patients without prior advanced therapy. In the registry study, the noninferiority of tofacitinib MR vs IR was demonstrated for both CDAI outcomes at ~6 months; this finding was robust across multiple sensitivity analyses.  These results demonstrate the value of real world evidence from complementary data sources in understanding the impact of medication adherence with a QD formulation in clinical practice. These analyses were suitable for regulatory consideration as an important component of evidence for the comparability of tofacitinib MR 11 mg QD vs IR 5 mg BID in patients with RA.
Bearing capacity on sand overlying clay soils: experimental and finite element investigation of potential punch through failure
Year: 2013

When a jack up spudcan foundation is installed on seabeds consisting of a sand layer overlying soft clay, the potential for 'punch through' failure exists. This happens as a result of an abrupt reduction in bearing resistance when the foundation punches a block of sand into the underlying soft clay in an uncontrolled manner. This paper details an extensive series of 30 tests of flat circular and spudcan foundations continuously penetrated through samples of sand overlying clay, and performed under relevant stress conditions using a drum centrifuge. The large testing area of the drum centrifuge was used advantageously to produce test results that could be compared directly with tests covering a sand thickness over foundation diameter of 0*21 to 1*12. Results from retrospective finite element analysis of the experiments are also described, with back calculated values of the stress level dependent friction and dilation angles in the sand during peak penetration resistance shown to fit correlations in the lit.
A systematic view on data descriptors for the visual analysis of tabular data
Venue: Inf. Vis.
Year: 2017

Visualization has become an important ingredient of data analysis, supporting users in exploring data and confirming hypotheses. At the beginning of a visual data analysis process, data characteristics are often assessed in an initial data profiling step. These include, for example, statistical properties of the data and information on the data's well formedness, which can be used during the subsequent analysis to adequately parametrize views and to highlight or exclude data items. We term this information data descriptors, which can span such diverse aspects as the data's provenance, its storage schema, or its uncertainties. Gathered descriptors encapsulate basic knowledge about the data and can thus be used as objective starting points for the visual analysis process. In this article, we bring together these different aspects in a systematic form that describes the data itself (e.g. its content and context) and its relation to the larger data gathering and visual analysis process (e.g. its provenance and its utility) Once established in general, we further detail the concept of data descriptors specifically for tabular data as the most common form of structured data today. Finally, we utilize these data descriptors for tabular data to capture domain specific data characteristics in the field of climate impact research. This procedure from the general concept via the concrete data type to the specific application domain effectively provides a blueprint for instantiating data descriptors for other data types and domains in the future.