nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
evtree: Evolutionary Learning of Globally Optimal Classification and Regression Trees in R
Year: 2014

Commonly used classification and regression tree methods like the CART algorithm are recursive partitioning methods that build the model in a forward stepwise search. Although this approach is known to be an efficient heuristic, the results of recursive tree methods are only locally optimal, as splits are chosen to maximize homogeneity at the next step only. An alternative way to search over the parameter space of trees is to use global optimization methods like evolutionary algorithms. This paper describes the evtree package, which implements an evolutionary algorithm for learning globally optimal classification and regression trees in R. Computationally intensive tasks are fully computed in C+ while the partykit package is leveraged for representing the resulting trees in R, providing unified infrastructure for summaries, visualizations, and predictions. evtree is compared to the open source CART implementation rpart, conditional inference trees (ctree) and the open source C4.5 implementation J48. A benchmark study of predictive accuracy and complexity is carried out in which evtree achieved at least similar and most of the time better results compared to rpart, ctree, and J48. Furthermore, the usefulness of evtree in practice is illustrated in a textbook customer classification task.
Data informed design parameters for adaptive collaborative scripting in across spaces learning situations
Venue: User Modeling and User Adapted Interaction
Year: 2019

This study presents how predictive analytics can be used to inform the formulation of adaptive collaborative learning groups in the context of Computer Supported Collaborative Learning considering across spaces learning situations. During the study we have collected data from different learning spaces which depicted both individual and collaborative learning activity engagement of students in two different learning contexts (namely the classroom learning and distance learning context) and attempted to predict individual student's future collaborative learning activity participation in a pyramid based collaborative learning activity using supervised machine learning techniques. We conducted experimental case studies in the classroom and in distance learning settings, in which real time predictions of student's future collaborative learning activity participation were used to formulate adaptive collaborative learner groups. Findings of the case studies showed that the data collected from across spaces learning scenarios is informative when predicting future collaborative learning activity participation of students hence facilitating the formulation of adaptive collaborative group configurations that adapt to the activity participation differences of students in real time. Limitations of the proposed approach and future research direction are illustrated.
Immigration: America's Nineteenth Century
Year: 2010

Past studies of the empirical relationship between immigration and crime during the first major wave of immigration have focused on violent crime in cities and have relied on data with serious limitations regarding nativity information. We analyze administrative data from Pennsylvania prisons, with high quality information on nativity and demographic characteristics. The latter allow us to construct incarceration rates for detailed population groups using U.S. Census data. The raw gap in incarceration rates for the foreign and native born is large, in accord with the extremely high concern at the time about immigrant criminality. But adjusting for age and gender greatly narrows that observed gap. Particularly striking are the urban/rural differences. Immigrants were concentrated in large cities where reported crime rates were higher. However, within rural counties, the foreign born had much higher incarceration rates than the native born. The interaction of nativity with urban residence explains much of the observed aggregate differentials in incarceration rates. Finally, we find that the foreign born, especially the Irish, consistently have higher incarceration rates for violent crimes, but from 1850 to 1860 the natives largely closed the gap with the foreign born for property offenses.
Triclosan: antimicrobial mechanisms, antibiotics interactions, clinical applications, and human health.
Venue: Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Toxicology and carcinogenesis
Year: 2020

The large scale applications of Triclosan in industrial and household products have created many health and environmental concerns. Despite the fears of its drug resistance and other issues, Triclosan is still an effective drug against many infectious organisms. Knowing the cross interactions of Triclosan with different antibiotics, bacteria, and humans can provide much needed information for the risk assessment of this drug. We review the current understanding of the antimicrobial mechanisms of Triclosan, how microbes become resistant to Triclosan, and the synergistic and antagonistic effects of Triclosan with different antibiotics. Current literature on the clinical applications of Triclosan and its effect on fetus/child development are also summarized.
Using Social Media to Organize a Marginalized Community
Year: 2020

Potential leaders within marginalized communities find it difficult to connect, learn, strategize, and support one another and build a cohesive community capable of effecting social change. This research contributes to filling a gap in empirical research on effective approaches to employing social media tools to organize and engage in social movements. The research builds on earlier studies of marginalized communities and social media to organize and engages in social movements by applying a case study design to assess how the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) military community employed social media to organize and advocate for inclusion and end discrimination within the U.S. armed forces. Seventeen findings were identified that describe key ways the LGBT military community employed these tools to organize, identify leaders and their roles, and how online behavior affected offline advocacy.
Countering Violent Extremism in Sub Saharan Africa: What Policy Makers Need to Know
Venue: World Affairs
Year: 2019

This essay addresses recurring and growing inaccurate reports from political officials as well as counter terrorism analysts and journalists that the Sahara Sahel group Boko Haram is a defeated entity. Notwithstanding concerted efforts to rout the movement, Boko Haram and its network of jihadists have expanded. Crucial misunderstandings surrounding what fostered and sustains the phenomenon as well as a general naivety regarding the organization's flexibility to adapt to attract combatants, financial support, and weaponry beyond Nigeria's borders have made performing basic adequate risk assessments overwhelmingly challenging. Policy makers and CVE (Countering Violent Extremism) practitioners would be wise to recognize that not only has Boko Haram morphed but its growing affiliates also terrorize increased territory. The threat of militant Islam in the Sahara Sahel, therefore, has not been contained as some would have us believe. Rather, Muslim extremism has become entangled and more complex not only in Africa but across the Muslim world. When jihadists in one territory have taken a beating, surviving fighters have simply relocated to other geographies accompanied by connections for capital and munitions. In this way, Boko Haram the fulcrum of violent Islam in the Sahara Sahel has become, over time, an international jihadist actor.
Corrosion protection of Nd Fe B magnets by silanization
Year: 2006

Nd Fe B type permanent magnets present excellent magnetic properties. However, they are highly sensitive to the attack of corrosive environment. The aim of the present work is to describe the improvement of corrosion resistance of such magnets by dodecyl trimethoxysilane (DTMS) treatment. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests showed that, after treated by either DTMS, phosphate or chromate precursor, the protectiveness of Nd Fe B alloys was apparently increased. Corrosion performance of magnet treated with silane only was slightly inferior to those of phosphatized or chromatized ones. However, significant improvement in corrosion protection was achieved after two step treatments, i.e. by top coating silane films on phosphate or chromate under layer. The depth profiles of element concentrations on surfaces measured by secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) indicate a two layer surface structure for two step treated samples. Co existing of silane and phosphate or chromate was detected in the top layer, suggesting the interaction between the two components. This results in the formation of more stable structure of hybrid organ inorganic coatings against the attack of corrosive species.
Dynamic Beam Hopping Method Based on Multi Objective Deep Reinforcement Learning for Next Generation Satellite Broadband Systems
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting
Year: 2020

When regarding the inherent uncertainty of differentiated services requirements as well as the non uniform spatial distribution of capacity requests, it is essential to flexibility adjust resources of the satellite to satisfy the different conditions. How to match the system capacity demand with efficient utilization of beam is a brand new challenge. The convention beam hopping methods ignores the intrinsic correlation between decisions, do not consider the long term reward, and only achieve the optimal solution at the current time. Therefore, system complexity increases significantly as the increase of the demand for differentiated services or beam number. This paper investigates the optimal policy for beam hopping in DVB S2X satellite with multiple purposes of assuring the fairness of each beam services, minimizing the delay of real time services transmission, and maximizing the throughput of non instant services transmission. Since wireless channel conditions, differentiated services arrival rates have stochastic properties, and the multi beam satellite environment's dynamics are unknown, the model free multi objective deep reinforcement learning approach is used to learn the optimal policy through interactions with the situation. To solve the problem with action dimensional disaster, a novel multi action selection method based on a Double Loop Learning (DLL) is proposed. Moreover, the multi dimensional state is reformulated and obtained by the deep neural network. Under realistic conditions achieving evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed method can pursue multiple objectives simultaneously, and it can also allocate resource intelligently adapting to the user requirements and channel conditions.
Identification of a novel truncation mutation of EYA4 in moderate degree hearing loss by targeted exome sequencing
Venue: European Archives of Oto Rhino Laryngology
Year: 2015

The EYA4 gene encodes a 640 amino acid protein that serves as a transcription factor. This protein contains a highly conserved Eya domain (eya HR) and a variable domain (eya VR) Mutations of this gene are known to cause postlingual and progressive sensorineural hearing loss, either as non syndromic (DFNA10) or syndromic hearing loss, depending on the location of truncation of the mutant protein. Since our previous report, we have recruited 14 families segregating autosomal dominant moderate SNHL. A thorough medical history and physical examination including evaluation of heart problems ruled out any syndromic features in these families. Screening of EYA4 was performed by targeted exome sequencing of 134 known deafness genes (TES 134) from the probands. After basic filtering of the variants, we identified one proband who carried a novel truncation mutation, c.1194delT (p.Met401TrpfsX3) of EYA4, making the frequency of DFNA10 to be 7.14 (1/14) in Koreans. The variant co segregated perfectly with a slightly down sloping, moderate degree of SNHL in the family (SH117) and was not detected in any of the 592 normal control chromosomes. This variant is likely to generate protein products that are truncated just downstream of the eya VR domain. None of the three affected family members showed any syndromic features, including cardiac problems, which was compatible with a previous genotype phenotype correlation. The identification of a novel EYA4 truncation mutation associated with DFNA10, rather than syndromic hearing loss, supports a previously reported genotype phenotype correlation in this gene. Considering its detection rate, EYA4 mutations should be suspected in hereditary moderate hearing loss with a corresponding audiologic configuration, and a cardiac examination should be included in the initial evaluation.
Bao: A Lightweight Static Partitioning Hypervisor for Modern Multi Core Embedded Systems
Venue: NG RES@HiPEAC
Year: 2020

Given the increasingly complex and mixed criticality nature of modern embedded systems, virtualization emerges as a natural solution to achieve strong spatial and temporal isolation. Widely used hypervisors such as KVM and Xen were not designed having embedded constraints and requirements in mind. The static partitioning architecture pioneered by Jailhouse seems to address embedded concerns. However, Jailhouse still depends on Linux to boot and manage its VMs. In this paper, we present the Bao hypervisor, a minimal, standalone and clean slate implementation of the static partitioning architecture for Armv8 and RISC V platforms. Preliminary results regarding size, boot, performance, and interrupt latency, show this approach incurs only minimal virtualization overhead. Bao will soon be publicly available, in hopes of engaging both industry and academia on improving Bao's safety, security, and real time guarantees.
Stakeholder perception of regulating commercial tourism in Victorian National Parks, Australia
Year: 2016

In 2013, the Victorian State Government, Australia, amended legislation to allow the private sector to build and operate tourism superstructure within National Park borders. This study utilised a theoretical regulatory framework to categorise the strategies which regulate commercial tourism in National Parks. Data pertaining to stakeholders' perceptions of the effectiveness of each strategy were collected. Stakeholders within this study sought a clearer government vision for tourism superstructure in National Parks, one which acknowledged conservation as priority and was supported by a more comprehensive regulatory system addressing potential impacts. The results from this study have practical implications for designing an efficacious regulatory system for tourism superstructure in National Parks. The findings suggest an efficacious regulatory system could increase stakeholder trust of and support for government regulatory efforts. This study provides a useful framework for future regulatory focused studies and outlines the theoretical implications for future research in similar settings.
Long term object tracking based on siamese network
Venue: 2017 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)
Year: 2017

Although the siamese network trackers achieve competitive results both on robustness and accuracy, there is still a need to improve the overall tracking capability. In this paper, we proposed a long term tracker based on the siamese network. We address the problem of long term tracking where the target objects undergo significant appearance variation due to heavy deformation, occlusion, abrupt motion, and out of view. To tackle those problems, we suggest a multi template fusion tracking scheme. Moreover, patch template update scheme based on optical flow are proposed to boost the overall tracking performance. The extensive results on object tracking benchmark (OTB2013) show that the proposed algorithm achieve much better performance.
High Fidelity Software Defined Quantum Logic on a Superconducting Qudit.
Venue: Physical review letters
Year: 2020

We present an efficient approach to achieving arbitrary, high fidelity control of a multilevel quantum system using optimal control techniques. As an demonstration, we implement a continuous, software defined microwave pulse to realize a 0 2 SWAP gate that achieves an average gate fidelity of 99.4% We describe our procedure for extracting the system Hamiltonian, calibrating the quantum and classical hardware chain, and evaluating the gate fidelity. Our work represents an alternative, fully generalizable route towards achieving universal quantum control by leveraging optimal control techniques.
Application Of Web Engineering Methods In Designing A Building Rental Information System In Kemuning Building Bekasi
Year: 2020

The building is a place to hold an event with a large number of visitors. The use of the building in holding an event makes it easier for event organizers in the process of implementing the event. The current building rental system at the Kemuning building hall takes a long time in the process of renting the building. The search for information and the process of listing the status of building leasing still uses a manual system, which is recorded in a rental book. This can make the building rental system unstructured and poorly controlled. An information system can make it easier for tenants in the rental process for the yellow building. The building rental information system application uses the web engineering method which aims to build an integrated information system that can engineer the web with several technical requirements and identify information. The resulting information system is a building rental website that can minimize errors made by officers in registering tenants, data building rental recapitulation, avoiding data manipulation and being a distinct advantage for managers who prioritize technological advances by using the system through website based database applications. The features on this website include a list of packages offered, the ease of making building rental reservations and making the payment process easier. This building rental information system can provide convenience for consumers and officers in the process of renting a building and managing data on the rental of the Kemuning building.
Protective effect of Globe Artichoke (Cynara Scolymus L. on Growing Male Rats Fed on High Fat and Fructose diet
Year: 2019

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of globe artichoke on high fat and fructose (HF/HFr) diet on the onset of the characteristics of the the levels of growing male. Also the possible protective effects of artichoke (AK) against (HF/HFr) diet induced metabolic disturbances. Thirty sex male albino rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups and were fed for 6 weeks the following diets group 1 basal diet, negative control (C) group 2 basal diet containing 20 g AK/kg diet (C+AK) group 3 high fat diet (15% beef tallow 5% corn oil) combined with fructose (13% W/V) in drinking water (HF/HFr) group 4 HF/HFr diet containing 20 g AK/kg diet (HF/HFr+AK) HF/HFr diet induced elevated levels of blood glucose, serum TG, TC, LDL C, liver, renal function and (NO) with a decrease in (HDL C) and total antioxidant capacity compared to control. These effects were more pronounced in HF/HFr diet fed on. Globe artichoke reinstated most of the altered measured parameters. So, HF/HFr diet developed characteristics of metabolic syndrome in growing male rats. Artichoke were protected against some metabolic disturbances of HF/HFr diet. The inclusion of artichoke consumption has a beneficial effect in control and management of diabetes and diabetes associated complications with no risk of hypoglycemic effect.  Cynara scolymus L. Metabolic syndrome, Phenolic compounds, HF/ HF r diet.
Modeling and forecasting crude oil price volatility: Evidence from historical and recent data
Year: 2015

This paper uses the Markov switching multifractal (MSM) model and generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) type models to forecast oil price volatility over the time periods from January 02, 1875 to December 31, 1895 and from January 03, 1977 to March 24, 2014. Based on six different loss functions and by means of the superior predictive ability (SPA) test, we evaluate and compare their forecasting performance at short and long horizons. The empirical results indicate that none of our volatility models can uniformly outperform other models across all six different loss functions. However, the new MSM model comes out as the model that most often across forecasting horizons and subsamples cannot be outperformed by other models, with long memory GARCH type models coming out second best.
Effect of Shrimp Meal Made of Heads of Black Tiger (Penaeus monodon) and White Leg (Litopenaeus vannamei) Shrimps on Growth Performance in Broilers
Venue: The journal of poultry science
Year: 2016

The present study was conducted to measure the growth performance in growing broilers given shrimp meal (SM) made of heads of black tiger (Penaeus monodon) (BT) and white leg (Litopenaeus vannamei) (WL) shrimps. Forty two male broiler chicks (8 days old, Ross 308) were randomly divided into 7 dietary groups (control, 5% BT, 10% BT, 15% BT, 5% WL, 10% WL and 15% WL) having similar body weight (6 birds per diet) Metabolisable energy and CP were adjusted to about 3,180 kcal/kg and about 235 g/kg, respectively, and other nutrients were formulated to meet or slightly exceed the requirements. Diet and water were provided ad libitum during the experimental period (8 to 21 days old) The results revealed that body weight gain decreased in BT groups with increasing level of SM (P<0.05) and feed intake decreased slightly with increasing level of SM in diets. As the result, feed conversion ratio also deteriorated with increasing level of SM. Similar trend was observed in WL groups, but the adverse effects of SM were milder comparing with BT groups. Nitrogen retention in both BT and WL groups tended to decrease with increasing level of SM. Chitin digestibilities in WL groups were greater than the corresponding values in BT groups. In conclusion, it is suggested that WL heads can be more nutritious SM for broiler diets than BT heads.