nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Impurity strength and impurity domain modulated frequency dependent linear and second non linear response properties of doped quantum dots
Year: 2011

We explore the pattern of frequency dependent linear and second non linear optical responses of repulsive impurity doped quantum dots harmonically confined in two dimensions. The dopant impurity potential chosen assumes a Gaussian form and it is doped into an on center location. The quantum dot is subject to a periodically oscillating external electric field. For some fixed values of transverse magnetic field strength (oc) and harmonic confinement potential (o0) the influence of impurity strength (V0) and impurity domain (x) on the diagonal components of the frequency dependent linear (axx and ayy) and second non linear (gxxxx and gyyyy) responses of the dot are computed through a linear variational route. The investigations reveal that the optical responses undergo enhancement with increase in both V0 and x values. However, in the limitingly small dopant strength regime one observes a drop in the optical responses with increase in V0. A time average rate of energy transfer to the system is often invoked to support the findings.
Clinical Evaluation of Free Breathing Contrast Enhanced T1w MRI of the Liver using Pseudo Golden Angle Radial k Space Sampling.
Venue: RoFo Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
Year: 2018

Contrast enhanced T1 weighted MR imaging of the liver is typically acquired using breath hold techniques to reduce motion artifacts and to allow for optimal diagnostic image quality. Insufficient breath holds during MR data collection can cause severe reduction of image quality up to the point of being non diagnostic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the subjective and objective clinical image quality of a novel free breathing radial k space sampling MR technique.  Consent for this study was given by the local IRB committee. 86 patients who underwent both breath hold (BH) and free breathing (FB) late phase contrast T1w FS FFE liver MRI using conventional BH Cartesian (Cartesian eTHRIVE) and FB "pseudo golden angle" radial k space sampling (Radial eTHRIVE) were included in this retrospective analysis. Subjective analysis comprised 5 point Likert scale ratings (1 very good; 5 non diagnostic) for "artifact impact" "anatomic sharpness" "vessel sharpness" "contrast impression" and "overall diagnostic quality" Relative signal intensities in different ROIs were compared between Cartesian eTHRIVE and Radial eTHRIVE. For statistical differences paired Wilcoxon test and paired t test have been performed (p 0.05) RESULTS The MR scan time was significantly longer for FB Radial eTHRIVE (2 min, 54 s) compared to BH Cartesian eTHRIVE (0 min 15 s) Cartesian eTHRIVE demonstrated a superior subjective contrast impression and objective measurements revealed an increased lesion to liver contrast for hypointense liver lesions (Hypo LTLC: 0.33 0.19 vs. 0.20 0.11; p 0.000) while no difference was observed for hyperintense liver lesions (Hyper LTLC) Subjective evaluation showed superior anatomic sharpness ratings by both readers for Radial eTHRIVE. Most importantly, in a subgroup analysis of patients who were unable to perform adequate breath holds, free breathing Radial eTHRIVE still demonstrated good subjective image quality.  Free breathing, radial k space sampling T1w MRI of the liver delivers high diagnostic image quality, especially in patients who are unable to adequately perform breath hold maneuvers. Thus, Radial eTHRIVE can be an important clinical alternative in patients with impaired respiration status.  Delayed phase contrast enhanced MRI of the liver can be robustly performed using a "pseudo golden angle" Radial eTHRIVE sequence. Free breathing Radial eTHRIVE yields good diagnostic image quality in case of a high artifact burden in breath hold Cartesian eTHRIVE and thus could be used as a "back up" for patients with impaired respiratory capacity. A lower lesion to liver contrast ratio is observed for hypointense liver lesions in free breathing Radial eTHRIVE sequence.
Iatrogenic Crystalline Lens Injury in Pediatric Eyes Following Intravitreal Injection for Retinopathy of Prematurity.
Venue: Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus
Year: 2019

To report the occurrence of lens injury during intravitreal anti vascular endothelial growth factor (anti VEGF) injection in infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) METHODS ROP cases presenting to a tertiary care center with cataract following intravitreal injection were retrospectively studied from June 2017 to May 2018. The indication, setting, and method of injection were noted. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) details were recorded. The main measures were morphology of cataract, posterior capsular defect, and intraocular lens (IOL) placement.  Three children (mean age: 14 8.6 months, two male and one female) received injection elsewhere under topical anesthesia in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for type 1 ROP (stage 3 in zone I or II with significant plus disease) 9 to 18 months earlier. All cases developed cataract caused by intravitreal needle damaging the posterior capsule. In one case, a dense zonular cataract was present and peripheral dehiscence of the posterior capsule became evident only during lens aspiration. The second and third cases had a central posterior subcapsular cataract. Preexisting central dehiscence of the posterior capsule was noted on UBM and confirmed during surgery. A multi piece IOL was securely placed in all cases. At last follow up (median: 6 months; range: 3 to 6 months) the IOL was stable and centered in all cases with a clear visual axis.  The increasing occurrence of cataract in treatment requiring ROP following intravitreal anti VEGF injections being given by practitioners in the NICU setting under topical anesthesia that hinders optimal visualization and technique is a significant concern.
Highly sensitive and selective acetone sensor based on three dimensional ordered WO3/Au nanocomposite with enhanced performance
Year: 2020

With the development of medical science, analyzing the concentration of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in expiration has been considered as a rapid, convenient and noninvasive method for medical diagnosis. The detection of diabetes with acetone as a marker has received extensive attention, but the development of a highly sensitive acetone sensor remains various challenges to improve the sensing performance with nanostructure controllable novel materials. In this work, an acetone sensor based on three dimensional inverse opal (3DIO) tungsten oxide (WO3) composite modified with Au (WO3/Au) was obtained through a simple sacrificial template synthesis, which provided more active sites with macropore architecture. Moreover, with modification of Au nanoparticles (NPs) it is obvious that gas sensing property with "spillover effects" and catalytic action was obtained. The 3DIO WO3/Au gas sensor exhibited good selectivity to acetone, and showed great test performance from 100 ppb to 100 ppm. A corresponding actual detection limit of 100 ppb at 410 degC was realized, which could allow real time and reliable diagnosis of diabetic by acetone monitoring. Furthermore, it also showed good stability and faster response and recovery times compared with pure WO3 sensors. The 3DIO WO3/Au gas sensor shows great potential in practical application of a noninvasive and more accurate monitoring and detection of diabetes.
Writing to Learn in Elementary Classrooms: A National Survey of U.S. Teachers
Year: 2021

We contacted a random sample of 900 elementary teachers (grades K 5) in the United States to inquire about their use of writing to support students' learning of classroom content or concepts. Characteristics (i.e. grade level, public v. private school, school locale, school enrollment) of the 150 teachers who responded to our survey were not statistically different from the entire sample surveyed. More than two thirds (67% of responding teachers reported receiving minimal to no college preparation on how to use writing to support their students' learning. Although at least one half reported using 30 of the 50 writing to learn activities included on the survey in at least one subject area, there were subject area differences. Teachers reported using a significantly greater number of writing to learn activities in English/language Arts (ELA) than in math, science, or social studies classes (all p .001) and a significantly greater number of writing to learn activities in science compared to math (p .01) The most commonly reported writing to learn activities involved little writing and little critical thinking or analysis. We further found that increases in teachers' grade level and educational level were associated with increased use of writing to learn activities in all subject areas. Teachers' beliefs about the use of writing to support learning in different subject areas was a significant predictor (p .01) of their use of writing to learn activities in math and social studies, while their perceptions of having the skills and resources to use writing to learn predicted their increased use of writing activities in ELA and math (p .05) Finally, we found that teachers commonly used best practices to directly teach their students to use writing to learn strategies. We discuss implications of our findings for both pre service and in service teacher preparation as well as classroom practice.
Analyzing and Researching on Path MTU Discovery Algorithm
Year: 2009

Packets on the network to be transmitted to the target site,the packet length can not exceed the value of PMTU.  The mechanic of datagram fragmentation is analyzed. The current main PMTU discovery algorithms,such as increase algorithm,decrease algorithm,and hierarchical algorithm are researched.Based on the above algorithms an improved PMTU discovery algorithm has been proposed and implemented. After testing on various sites,the result indicates that the improved algorithm reduces the number of packets to be send and the detect PMTU value is more accurate.
Determination of high temperature and low humidity treatment time for larch boxed heart timber
Venue: Journal of Wood Science
Year: 2020

The larch boxed heart timbers with a cross section of 100 x 100 mm were dried after steamed at 100 degC dry bulb temperature and 0 degC wet bulb depression for 5 h, and then dried at 120 degC dry bulb temperature and 30 degC wet bulb depression for 8, 12 and 16 h, respectively, in order to determine optimal treatment time for the timber. This study indicated that the pretreatment of 12 and 16 h prevented both the surface and internal check of the timber. However, the pretreatment delayed drying time by at least 19%
Ultrasound Nerve Segmentation Using Deep Probabilistic Programming
Year: 2019

Deep probabilistic programming concatenates the strengths of deep learning to the context of probabilistic modeling for efficient and flexible computation in practice. Being an evolving field, there exist only a few expressive programming languages for uncertainty management. This paper discusses an application for analysis of ultrasound nerve segmentation based biomedical images. Our method uses the probabilistic programming language Edward with the U Net model and generative adversarial networks under different optimizers. The segmentation process showed the least Dice loss (aEUR'0.54) and the highest accuracy (0.99) with the Adam optimizer in the U Net model with the least time consumption compared to other optimizers. The smallest amount of generative network loss in the generative adversarial network model gained was 0.69 for the Adam optimizer. The Dice loss, accuracy, time consumption and output image quality in the results show the applicability of deep probabilistic programming in the long run. Thus, we further propose a neuroscience decision support system based on the proposed approach.
Society for the Advancement of Disaster Nursing: Exploring the Path to Excellence
Venue: Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
Year: 2017

Major disasters occurring within the Unites States require nursing participation as a component of a successful response. Disaster nursing includes the care of populations affected by disasters, public health emergencies, and mass casualty events, both natural and man made. A unique knowledge base, abilities, and skills are needed to respond appropriately to health care and human service needs resulting from these events.  Despite prior efforts to advance disaster nursing as a specialty, none were sustainable and a professional framework for establishing standards and guidelines remains lacking.  Disaster nursing is a complex arena where the intersection of competence, scope of practice, regulation, and clinical guidelines continues to evolve. Professional credibility and our contribution to disaster response lie in our ability to articulate and advance professionalism. Disaster nursing as a specialty practice requires a similar foundational framework to nursing specialties recognized by the American Nurses Association within a model of professional practice in order to ensure population outcomes that are reflective of safe, quality, evidence based practice.  It is time to define a disaster nursing scope of practice, establish standards for care, identify best practices, and pursue the establishment of an independent professional organization within the field of disaster nursing. This will establish the necessary foundation for optimizing nursing's contribution to and support of the National Health Security Strategy.
Investigation and Education Strategies of College Students' Part time Jobs
Venue: 2020 International Conference on Computers, Information Processing and Advanced Education (CIPAE)
Year: 2020

With the development of economy, people have higher requirements for material and even spirit. In addition, the spare time of college is more than that of high university. Therefore, more and more college students stepped out of the ivory tower and began to engage in part time jobs. Such things become more common. However, college students will inevitably encounter some problems in the part time job due to inadequate experience and weak legal knowledge. And universities have failed to set up specialized institutions to establish a standardized part time market to protect the legitimate rights and interests of students. "Should college students engage in part time jobs" "how to deal with the relationship between part time jobs and their studies" "how to obtain safe and reliable part time information" and "what measures should colleges and universities take in this regard" have been hot topics in universities. In order to gain insight into the status and influence of part time jobs for college students, so as to further develop education and management of students in the future, we conducted questionnaire surveys and on site student interviews.
We should desist using RECIST, at least in GIST.
Venue: Journal of clinical oncology official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
Year: 2007

Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) are insensitive in evaluating imatinib treated gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) Response by Choi criteria, a 10% decrease in size or a 15% decrease in density on contrast enhanced CT, correlated well in a small training set of patients who showed response as measured by positron emission tomography, and was more predictive of time to tumor progression (TTP) than response by RECIST. This study was designed to validate these observations in an independent data set.  Fifty eight patients with imatinib treated GISTs were evaluated by RECIST and Choi criteria. TTP was compared with TTP in the training set. Patients were analyzed initially with follow up to 28 months, extended to 60 months for survival analysis.  Patients who met Choi response criteria on CT at 2 months had significantly better TTP than those who did not (P .0002) whereas response group by RECIST was not significantly correlated with TTP. Even when the 98 patients from both sets were analyzed together, the response group by RECIST did not correlate significantly with TTP, whereas response group by Choi criteria did correlate significantly with TTP. Disease specific survival (DSS) was also significantly correlated with response group by Choi criteria (P .04) but not with response group by RECIST.  Choi response criteria are reproducible, more sensitive, and more precise than RECIST in assessing the response of GISTs to imatinib mesylate. Response by Choi criteria, unlike response by RECIST, correlates significantly with TTP and DSS. Response by Choi criteria should be incorporated routinely into future studies of GIST therapy. We should desist using RECIST, at least in GIST.
Effect of Spironolactone for One Year on Endothelial Function and Vascular Inflammation Biomarkers in Renal Transplant Recipients.
Venue: American journal of physiology. Renal physiology
Year: 2019

Kidney transplantation is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation contribute to negative outcome. In experimental models, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) improved endothelial function and reduced inflammation. The current study tested the hypothesis that the MRA spironolactone improves endothelial function and reduces vascular inflammation in renal transplant patients.  80 renal transplant patients from an ongoing, double blind randomized placebo controlled trial were included. Paired plasma samples before and after one year of treatment (n=39 in spironolactone group, n=41 in placebo group) were used to determine markers of endothelial dysfunction (nitrite, nitrate, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, arginine, citrulline, ornithine, asymmetric dimethylarginine, symmetric dimethylarginine, NG monomethyl L arginine, von Willebrand Factor, tissue type plasminogen activator antigen, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 antigen) and markers of inflammation (intercellular adhesion molecule, vascular adhesion molecule, high sensitivity C reactive protein and serum amyloid protein A) RESULTS Spironolactone increased plasma aldosterone (p<0.001) and potassium (p<0.001) Blood pressure did not change significantly. No significant differences were detected between groups in any of the measured markers of endothelial dysfunction or inflammation except in the subgroup analysis of diabetes patients, where spironolactone decreased nitrite compared to placebo.  MR blockade did not improve biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction or vascular inflammation in renal transplant patients. Since no beneficial effect of MR blockade on vascular biomarkers was found, aldosterone is likely not a major promoter of vascular dysfunction in renal transplant patients.
Generalized cryptanalysis of RSA with small public exponent
Venue: Science China Information Sciences
Year: 2015

In this paper, we demonstrate that there exist weak keys in the RSA public key cryptosystem with the public exponent e Na N0.5. In 1999, Boneh and Durfee showed that when a 1 and the private exponent d Nb N0.292, the system is insecure. Moreover, their attack is still effective for 0.5 a 1.875. We propose a generalized cryptanalytic method to attack the RSA cryptosystem with a 0.5. For $c \left\lfloor \frac{{1 \alpha \alpha \right\rfloor and egc d (mod ec) when g, b satisfy \gamma 1 \frac{1}{c} \frac{1}{2\alpha c}}and\beta \alpha c \frac{7}{6} \alpha \gamma c \frac{1}{3}\sqrt {6\alpha 6\alpha c 1 6\alpha \gamma c} we can perform cryptanalytic attacks based on the LLL algorithm. The basic idea is an application of Coppersmith's techniques and we further adapt the technique of unravelled linearization, which leads to an optimized lattice. Our advantage is that we achieve new attacks on RSA with a 0.5 and consequently, there exist weak keys in RSA for most a.Zhai Yao Chuang Xin Dian Ben Wen Fen Xi Liao RSASuan Fa Zhong Dang Gong Yao eXiao Yu Deng Yu NDe 0.5Ci Mi Shi Ke Neng Cun Zai De Ruo Mi Yao Gong Ji Yi Fang Mian Gai Jin Liao Zhi Qian Dang dDa Yu eShi De Gong Ji Fang Fa Ti Chu Liao Ke Yi Yong Yu Fen Xi eXiao Yu Deng Yu NDe 0.5Ci Mi Shi De Yan Yi Gong Ji Ling Yi Fang Mian Ying Yong Zhan Kai Xian Xing Hua De Ji Qiao Jin Yi Bu Ti Chu Liao Ji Yu You Hua De Ge Gou Zao Fang Fa Xia De Yan Yi Gong Ji Ji Ke Yi Suo Xiao Ge De Wei Shu Jian Shao LLLSuan Fa De Yun Xing Shi Jian Ye Ke Yi Ti Gao Li Lun Fen Xi Zhong Si Yao dYing Man Zu De Shang Jie Yu Zhi Qian Yi You De Gong Ji Fang Fa Dui Bi Ke Yi Kan Chu Wo Men De Fang Fa Bu Jin Kuo Da Liao eDe Gua Yong Fan Wei Ye Ti Gao Liao dDe Gua Yong Fan Wei
Cultural neuroscience: ideas worth knowing
Venue: Nordic journal of psychiatry
Year: 2018

Neuroscience is now promising significant advances in medical practice, such that it can improve the art and science of personalized medicine. A new discipline of cultural neuroscience is now forming, and few clinicians, researchers or educators are aware of it.  To set out a brief synopsis of cultural neuroscience.  A narrative, nonsystematic, review of experts on cultural psychiatry and cultural neuroscience.  Cultural neuroscience proposes that culture and biology have co evolved with mutually beneficial affordances inhuman abilities that promote positive selection that help people to flourish. Neuroscience can support and improve cultural interventions when applied in a pan diagnostic manner to culturally specific groups, ethnic minorities, and migrants.  Cultural neuroscience is an exciting new discipline with the potential for clinical benefit. Cultural psychiatry can advance in this direction, and at the same time offer a critique of the culture of neuroscience.
Waste to Carbon: Is the Torrefied Sewage Sludge with High Ash Content a Better Fuel or Fertilizer?
Venue: Materials
Year: 2020

Sewage sludge (SS) recycling is an important part of the proposed 'circular economy' concept. SS can be valorized via torrefaction (also known as 'low temperature pyrolysis' or 'roasting' SS can, therefore, be considered a low quality fuel or a source of nutrients essential for plant growth. Biochar produced by torrefaction of SS is a form of carbonized fuel or fertilizer. In this research, for the first time, we tested the feasibility of torrefaction of SS with high ash content for either fuel or organic fertilizer production. The research was conducted in 18 variants (six torrefaction temperatures between 200~300 degC, and three process residence times of 20, 40, 60 min) in 5 repetitions. Fuel and fertilizer properties and multiple regression analysis of produced biochar were conducted. The higher heating value (HHV) of raw SS was 21.2 MJ*kg 1. Produced biochar was characterized by HHV up to 12.85 MJ*kg 1 and lower H/C and O/C molar ratio. Therefore, torrefaction of SS with high ash content should not be considered as a method for improving the fuel properties. Instead, the production of fertilizer appears to be favorable. The torrefaction increased C, N, Mg, Ca, K, Na concentration in relation to raw SS. No significant (p 0.05) influence of the increase of temperature and residence time on the increase of biogenic elements in biochar was found, however the highest biogenic element content, were found in biochar produced for 60 min, under the temperature ranging from 200 to 240 degC. Obtained biochars met the Polish regulatory criteria for mineral organic fertilizer. Therefore SS torrefaction may be considered a feasible waste recycling technology. The calculation of torrefaction energy and the mass balance shows energy demand <2.5 GJMg 1 w.m. and the expected mass yield of the product, organic fertilizer, is ~178 kgMg 1 w.m of SS. Further investigation should consider the scaling up of the SS torrefaction process, with the application of other types of SSs.