nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Down regulation of a signaling mediator in association with lowered plasma arachidonic acid levels in individuals with autism spectrum disorders
Venue: Neuroscience Letters
Year: 2016

Previous studies have indicated that the altered composition of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) might contribute to the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) We examined the relationship between the plasma fatty acid levels, expressed as mg/ml, and the plasma levels of biomarkers of AA related signaling mediators, such as ceruloplasmin, transferrin and superoxide dismutase, and assessed the behavioral symptoms of 30 individuals with ASD (mean age, 13.6 4.3 years old) compared with 20 age and gender matched normal controls (mean age, 13.2 5.4 years old) using Aberrant Behavior Checklists (ABC) The plasma levels of EPA and the plasma ratios of EPA/AA were significantly higher, while the plasma levels of AA and metabolites, such as 5,8,11,14 eicosatetraenoic acid, adrenic acid, and ceruloplasmin (Cp) were significantly lower in the 30 individuals with ASD compared with the 20 normal controls. The ABC scores were significantly increased in the ASD group compared with those of the control group. Thus, the results of the present study revealed that reduced plasma levels of AA and metabolites in association with high plasma EPA/AA ratios might down regulate AA related signaling mediators, such as Cp. Subsequently, reduced plasma Cp levels might reduce the protective capacity for brain damage, resulting in the pathophysiology underlying the behavioral symptoms in individuals with ASD. These findings suggest that reduced plasma AA levels may downregulate Cp.
A New Approach for Efficient Structure Discovery in IoT
Venue: 2019 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)
Year: 2019

Complex, multivariate data streams frequently comprise subjacent behavioral patterns, which are subsumable by a process of statistical structure discovery. Revealing these hidden patterns from raw data is a major challenge in abstracting information and thus for new opportunities of efficient data analysis at scale. State of the art approaches, such as CKS and ABCD, leverage statistical data models and Gaussian Processes in order to abstract from raw data and to describe their major data characteristics by means of kernel decomposed covariance functions. The process of identifying the most appropriate covariance function is a performance bottleneck due to its super quadratic computation time complexity for model selection and evaluation. In this paper, we thus propose a new approach for the computation of large scale statistical data models. To this end, we propose to bound the complexity of the statistical data model and develop a sequential agglomerative approach to reduce the computational load of the required evaluative calculations. Our performance analysis indicates that our proposal is able to outperform state of the art kernel search algorithms such as CKS and ABCD with respect to the qualities of efficiency and accuracy.
La influencia del exposoma en el cancer de piel
Year: 2020

Resumen El cancer de piel es el mas frecuente del ser humano. Aunque la exposicion a la radiacion solar constituye el factor causal mas conocido y relevante, existe una variacion en el riesgo individual no explicada completamente. Diferentes estudios epidemiologicos muestran la influencia de otras radiaciones, como las ionizantes, los pesticidas, las particulas de la polucion, o los toxicos contenidos en el agua o algunos alimentos como el arsenico, en el riesgo del cancer de piel. Ademas, algunos agentes vivos como los poliomavirus o el VPH son agentes etiologicos de algunos tipos concretos de cancer cutaneo. Por ultimo, algunos factores asociados al estilo de vida, como el estres, el sueno, o el ejercicio podrian influir, aunque son muy escasos los estudios que aporten luz en estas areas. Todo ello constituye el exposoma del cancer cutaneo, el conjunto de exposiciones ambientales de un ser humano a lo largo de la vida que, combinados con el genoma y el microbioma, determinan la aparicion del mismo.
A Desire to Be Seen: Family Caregivers' Experiences of Their Caring Role in Palliative Home Care
Venue: Cancer nursing
Year: 2010

Primary health care is the base of Swedish healthcare, and many terminally ill patients are cared for at home. A dying relative has a profound impact on his/her family members' situation, including negative effects on roles, well being, and health. The aim of this study was to explore how the informal carers of a dying relative in palliative home care experienced their caring role and support during the patient's final illness and after death. Fourteen family members were selected in 4 primary health care areas in Sweden. Data were collected using open, tape recorded interviews. A hermeneutic approach was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that being an informal carer was natural when a relative became seriously ill. More or less voluntarily, the family member took on a caring role of control and responsibility. The informal carers felt left out and had feelings of powerlessness when they did not manage to establish a relationship with the healthcare professionals. For the informal carers to feel seen, it was necessary for them to narrate about their own supporting role.
The influence of rhein 8 O b D glucopyranoside on the purgative action of sennoside A from rhubarb in mice.
Venue: Biological pharmaceutical bulletin
Year: 2012

Rhubarb is one of the most well known herbal medicines that constitute daiokanzoto (DKT) which is clinically effective for constipation. Sennoside A is transformed into an active metabolite, rheinanthrone, by intestinal bacteria. Sennoside A in rhubarb showed significantly accelerated metabolic activity in intestinal bacteria in comparison with sennoside A alone. In this study, we investigated the influence of rhubarb constituents on the metabolism and purgative activity of sennoside A. The 20% MeOH eluted fraction separated by MCI gel CHP 20P column chromatography from the water extract of rhubarb showed sennoside A metabolic activity similar to that of rhubarb extract. The 20% MeOH elute was further purified and rhein 8 O b D glucopyranoside (RG) was isolated. The metabolic activity of sennoside A was significantly accelerated by increasing the level of RG. Moreover, rhein, emodin and aloe emodin also accelerated sennoside A metabolism. The purgative activity of sennoside A was significantly accelerated when RG or rhein was concomitantly given with sennoside A in a dose dependent manner. These results suggest that anthraquinones contribute to the purgative action of sennoside A in rhubarb. Therefore, it is assumed that the influence of anthraquinones on the fate of rheinanthrone transformed from sennoside A may promote the purgative action of sennoside A.
Predictions of short term driving intention using recurrent neural network on sequential data
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2018

Predictions of driver's intentions and their behaviors using the road is of great importance for planning and decision making processes of autonomous driving vehicles. In particular, relatively short term driving intentions are the fundamental units that constitute more sophisticated driving goals, behaviors, such as overtaking the slow vehicle in front, exit or merge onto a high way, etc. While it is not uncommon that most of the time human driver can rationalize, in advance, various on road behaviors, intentions, as well as the associated risks, aggressiveness, reciprocity characteristics, etc. such reasoning skills can be challenging and difficult for an autonomous driving system to learn. In this article, we demonstrate a disciplined methodology that can be used to build and train a predictive drive system, therefore to learn the on road characteristics aforementioned.
Enhanced Fatigue and Durability Properties of Natural Rubber Composites Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Oxide
Venue: Materials
Year: 2020

Fibrous carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and lamellar graphene oxide (GO) exhibit significant advantages for improving the fatigue properties of rubber composites. In this work, the synergistic effect of CNTs and GO on the modification of the microstructure and fatigue properties of natural rubber (NR) was comprehensively investigated. Results showed that CNTs and GO were interspersed, and they formed a strong filler network in the NR matrix. Compared with those of CNT/NR and GO/NR composites, the CNT GO/NR composites showed the smallest crack precursor sizes, the lowest crack growth rates, more branching and deflections, and the longest fatigue life.
Increased display size and resolution improve task performance in Information Rich Virtual Environments
Venue: Graphics Interface
Year: 2006

Physically large size high resolution displays have been widely applied in various fields. There is a lack of research, however, that demonstrates empirically how users benefit from the increased size and resolution afforded by emerging technologies. We designed a controlled experiment to evaluate the individual and combined effects of display size and resolution on task performance in an Information Rich Virtual Environment (IRVE) We also explored how a wayfinding aid would facilitate spatial information acquisition and mental map construction when users worked with various displays. We found that users were most effective at performing IRVE search and comparison tasks on large high resolution displays. In addition, users working with large displays became less reliant on wayfinding aids to form spatial knowledge. We discuss the impact of these results on the design and presentation of IRVEs, the choice of displays for particular applications, and future work to extend our findings.
Pharmacokinetics and posterior segment biodistribution of ESBA105, an anti TNF alpha single chain antibody, upon topical administration to the rabbit eye.
Venue: Investigative ophthalmology visual science
Year: 2009

The purpose of this study was to characterize local distribution and systemic absorption of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha inhibitory single chain antibody fragment (scFv) ESBA105 following topical administration to the eye in vivo.  Rabbits received ESBA105 as topical eye drops in two dosing regimens. First, pharmacokinetics after the topical route of administration was compared to the intravenous (i.v. route by means of applying the identical cumulative daily dose of ESBA105. In a second study rabbits received five eye drops daily for six consecutive days in a lower frequency topical dosing regimen. Kinetics and biodistribution of ESBA105 in ocular tissues and fluids as well as in sera were determined in all animals.  After topical administration to the eye, ESBA105 quickly reaches therapeutic concentrations in all ocular compartments. Systemic exposure after topical administration is 25,000 fold lower than exposure after i.v. injection of the identical cumulative daily dose. ESBA105 levels in vitreous humor and neuroretina are significantly higher on topical administration than after i.v. injection. Absolute and relative intraocular biodistribution of ESBA105 is different with topical and systemic delivery routes. Compared to its terminal half life in circulation (7 hours) the vitreal half life of ESBA105 is significantly enhanced (16 24 hours) CONCLUSIONS On topical administration, ESBA105 is efficiently absorbed and distributed to all compartments of the eye, whereby systemic drug exposure is very low. Based on its unique intraocular biodistribution and pharmacokinetics and the absolute intraocular levels reached, topical ESBA105 appears highly attractive for treatment of various ophthalmological disorders.
Finiteness contrasts without Tense? A view from Mandarin Chinese
Year: 2017

Debate persists over whether Mandarin Chinese sentences exhibit a syntactically represented albeit phonologically null Tense projection. In a recent paper, Lin ( 2015) argues for the positive view. The argument is based on the premise that Mandarin clauses exhibit finite/nonfinite contrasts and that finiteness is a property of Tense. In this paper, I argue that the contrasts identified by Lin can all be adequately accounted for without appealing to Tense. The primary conclusion then is that finiteness contrasts do not constitute evidence for Tense in Mandarin. A secondary conclusion is that Mandarin can nonetheless be said to exhibit a finite/nonfinite distinction, but only if 'finiteness' is construed broadly as a cluster of properties that enable a clause to stand alone as a syntactically unembedded assertion. Phenomena considered in making this argument include both those discussed by Lin (object fronting, wide scope of object position quantifiers, and a scopal interaction between modals and aspect) as well as the syntax of subject position and the grammar of control.
Academic Achievement, Perceived Stress, Admission Data, and Sociodemographic Background Among Therapy Students in Israel.
Venue: Journal of allied health
Year: 2017

Academic achievement (AA) is of great importance in the academic world. The aims of this study were to: 1) identify contributors to AA of physical therapy (PT) students; 2) evaluate students' perceived stress (PS) and 3) identify contributors to PS.  A cross sectional study involving three undergraduate PT classes in a single academic year was performed 1 week prior to final examinations. Current grade point average (GPA) and admission data were collected from administrative records. Additional data, collected using an online questionnaire, included the Perceived Stress Scale 10 (PSS) Scale for Assessing Academic Stress (SAAS) and selected sociodemographic variables. Regression analysis identified contributors to AA and to PS.  Records of 153 students and questionnaires of 118 students were included in the study. Combined grades from psychometric tests and matriculation exams at admission, low PS, absence due to military reserve service during the academic year, and participation in the second and third years of the PT program accounted for a modest variance (31.1% in students' GPA.  The low contribution of admission criteria to GPA suggests that there is no justification for raising the level of the present criteria.
Disturbance observer based finite time control design for reusable launch vehicle in re entry phase
Venue: 2016 35th Chinese Control Conference (CCC)
Year: 2016

In this paper, on the basis of disturbance observer, the finite time attitude tracking control scheme is designed for the reentry reusable launch vehicle (RLV)with external disturbances and model uncertainty. Based on the multiple time scale technique, the attitude model of RLV is firstly divided into a two loops structure, then the terminal sliding mode (TSM) controllers are designed for each loop. To sequel, the external disturbances and uncertainty is estimated by the disturbance observer(DOB) and the chattering problem caused by the big controller parameters of the sliding mode control can be eliminated. Stability analysis is presented in the framework of Lyapunov analysis. At last, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller, simulations are carried out for the 6 DOF reentry model.
Packet Size Optimization for Lifetime Maximization in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics
Year: 2019

Recently, underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) have been proposed to explore underwater environments for scientific, commercial, and military purposes. However, long propagation delays, high transmission losses, packet drops, and limited bandwidth in underwater propagation environments make realization of reliable and energy efficient communication a challenging task for UASNs. To prolong the lifetime of battery limited UASNs, two critical factors (i.e. packet size and transmission power) play vital roles. At one hand, larger packets are vulnerable to packet errors, while smaller packets are more resilient to such errors. In general, using smaller packets to avoid bit errors might be a good option. However, when small packets are used, more frames should be transmitted due to the packet fragmentation, and hence, network overhead and energy consumption increases. On the other hand, increasing transmission power reduces frame errors, but this would result in unnecessary energy consumption in the network. To this end, the packet size and transmission power should be jointly considered to improve the network lifetime. In this study, an optimization framework via an integer linear programming (ILP) has been proposed to maximize the network lifetime by joint optimization of the transmission power and packet size. In addition, a realistic link layer energy consumption model is designed by employing the physical layer characteristics of UASNs. Extensive numerical analysis through the optimization model has been also performed to investigate the tradeoffs caused by the transmission power and packet size quantitatively.
Dairy Fat Consumption and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: An Examination of the Saturated Fatty Acids in Dairy
Venue: Nutrients
Year: 2019

Lifestyle is a key modifiable risk factor involved in the manifestation of metabolic syndrome and, in particular, diet plays a pivotal role in its prevention and development. Current dietary guidelines discourage the consumption of saturated fat and dietary sources rich in saturated fat, such as dairy products, despite data suggesting that full fat dairy consumption is protective against metabolic syndrome. This narrative review assessed the recent epidemiological and clinical research that examined the consumption of dairy derived saturated fatty acids (SFA) on metabolic syndrome risk. In addition, this review evaluated studies of individual SFA to gain insight into the potential mechanisms at play with intake of a diet enriched with these dairy derived fatty acids. This work underscores that SFA are a heterogenous class of fatty acids that can differ considerably in their biological activity within the body depending on their length and specific chemical structure. In summary, previous work on the impact of dairy derived SFA consumption on disease risk suggests that there is currently insufficient evidence to support current dietary guidelines which consolidate all dietary SFA into a single group of nutrients whose consumption should be reduced, regardless of dietary source, food matrix, and composition.
Effect of Sky Clearness Index on Transmission of Evacuated (Vacuum) Glazing
Year: 2017

Glazing transmittance variation with clearness index has higher influence than incident angle for soar energy application. This work presents variation of vacuum glazing transmittance with clearness index. Clearness index and transmittance was calculated from measured one year (2014) solar radiation and glazing transmittance data in Dublin, Ireland. Clearness index below 0.5 offer single value of transmittance whereas above 0.5 clearness index glazing transmittance varies with clearness index. For different azimuthal orientation, clearness index associated with vertical plane glazing transmittance has been proposed. In Dublin for south facing vertical plane, vacuum glazing has 35% transmittance below 0.5 clearness index. Yearly usable single transmitted solar energy and solar heat gain coefficient for vertical plane south facing vacuum glazing are 87 W/m2 and 0.22 respectively.
Sequential Introduction of Cations Deriving Large Grain Csx FA1 x PbI3 Thin Film for Planar Hybrid Solar Cells: Insight into Phase Segregation and Thermal Healing Behavior.
Venue: Small
Year: 2017

Composition engineering of perovskite materials has been demonstrated to be important for high performance solar cells. Recently, the energy favorable hybridization of formamidinium (FA) and cesium (Cs) in three dimension lead halide perovskites has been attracting increasing attention due to its potential benefit on durability. Herein, we reported a simple and effective method to produce phase pure CsxFA1 xPbI3 thin film via sequential introduction of cations, in which the FA cation was introduced by interdiffusion annealing in the presence of N methylimidazole (NMI) NMI was employed as an additive to slow down the crystallization and thus drive the formation of CsxFA1 xPbI3 with micrometer grain size, which probably facilitate the charge dissociation and transportation in photovoltaic devices. More importantly, composition dependent phase segregation has been revealed and investigated for the first time during the phase pure mixed cation perovskites CsxFA1 xPbI3. The present findings demonstrated that suppressing phase segregation of mixed cation perovskites by meticulous composition engineering is significant for further development of efficient photovoltaics. It also suggested that phase pure Cs0.15FA0.85PbI3 may be a promising candidate with superior phase durability, which performed an efficiency over 16% in planar perovskite solar cells.
In Media We Trust
Year: 2017

Trust is a societal value that is difficult to gain and easy to lose. This article deals with the levels of trust that journalists working in eight post authoritarian and post totalitarian countries (Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, Czech Republic, Indonesia, Latvia, South Africa and Tanzania) have in various social institutions using data from the present Worlds of Journalism Study. In each country, results showed the level of trust in journalists' own institution the media is higher than the level of trust in both political and regulative institutions. The expression of low trust, particularly in regulative institutions, in the sampled countries represents significantly different results from previous studies about journalists' trust in countries with longer democratic traditions.
Computing with Subjectivity Lexicons
Venue: LREC
Year: 2020

In this paper, we introduce a new set of lexicons for expressing subjectivity in text documents written in Brazilian Portuguese. Besides the non English idiom, in contrast to other subjectivity lexicons available, these lexicons represent different subjectivity dimensions (other than sentiment) and are more compact in number of terms. This last feature was designed intentionally to leverage the power of word embedding techniques, i.e. with the words mapped to an embedding space and the appropriate distance measures, we can easily capture semantically related words to the ones in the lexicons. Thus, we do not need to build comprehensive vocabularies and can focus on the most representative words for each lexicon dimension. We showcase the use of these lexicons in three highly non trivial tasks: (1) Automated Essay Scoring in the Presence of Biased Ratings, (2) Subjectivity Bias in Brazilian Presidential Elections and (3) Fake News Classification Based on Text Subjectivity. All these tasks involve text documents written in Portuguese.
Efficacy of co creation and mastering on perceived value and satisfaction in tourists' consumption
Year: 2017

This study explores effects of participation, namely co creation and mastering, on the perceived value of consumers' experience and satisfaction. Co creation comprises both physical and psychological (mental) participation, and mastering represents consumers' self perceived knowledge and skills in taking part in experiential activities. Adventure tourism is chosen as the setting. A logit model is used to test the hypothesis. The study results reveal that tourists' mastering and psychological co creation are significant for value perception. Further, value perception is found to mediate the relation between participation and satisfaction. Consequently, tourists' participation augments satisfaction by creating value in the experience. This study contributes to the theory in two ways. First, it reveals the importance of including the mastering and co creation dimensions in acknowledging tourists' as resource integrators for value creation in experiences. Second, satisfaction in tourism consumption evolves through tourists' participation in creating value of the experience.