nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Factors that predict weight gain among first year college students
Venue: Health Education Journal
Year: 2019

In the USA, undergraduate students gain more weight in the first year in college than at any other point in their lives. However, the factors that predict their weight gain are unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the predictors of weight gain among first year college students at a US college over a 3 month period.  Correlational longitudinal study using baseline and follow up self report survey data.  A private college in the Northeastern USA.  A total of 110 first year college students were invited to complete both baseline and follow up surveys 3 months apart. The baseline survey examined participants' knowledge, self efficacy, attitudes, intentions and practices regarding physical activity, diet and stress management. The follow up survey evaluated barriers to diet and exercise practices.  Knowledge, attitudes, intentions and behavioural practices did not predict weight change. However, students who gained weight perceived significantly more personal and environmental barriers than those who did not change weight on the following variables: lack of motivation to exercise, no time to eat healthily, perception of lack of healthy food options and impact of bad weather on exercise.  Even living in the same college environment, students perceive environmental barriers differently, which was associated with body weight gain. Health education and promotion professionals should guide students to overcome barriers to healthy eating and exercise, as well as making the campus environment more conducive to healthy behaviour.
Early cave art and ancient DNA record the origin of European bison
Venue: Nature communications
Year: 2016

The two living species of bison (European and American) are among the few terrestrial megafauna to have survived the late Pleistocene extinctions. Despite the extensive bovid fossil record in Eurasia, the evolutionary history of the European bison (or wisent, Bison bonasus) before the Holocene <11.7 thousand years ago (kya) remains a mystery. We use complete ancient mitochondrial genomes and genome wide nuclear DNA surveys to reveal that the wisent is the product of hybridization between the extinct steppe bison (Bison priscus) and ancestors of modern cattle (aurochs, Bos primigenius) before 120 kya, and contains up to 10% aurochs genomic ancestry. Although undetected within the fossil record, ancestors of the wisent have alternated ecological dominance with steppe bison in association with major environmental shifts since at least 55 kya. Early cave artists recorded distinct morphological forms consistent with these replacement events, around the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ~21 18 kya)
Prevalence of Neuropathic Pain in Patients with Traumatic Brachial Plexus Injury: A Multicenter Prospective Hospital Based Study
Venue: Pain medicine
Year: 2017

Prevalence and clinical characteristics of neuropathic pain due to traumatic brachial plexus injury.  Observational epidemiological study.  Hospital based multicenter study. Subjects One hundred seven prospectively enrolled patients with brachial plexus injury.  All the patients underwent clinical examination and neurophysiological testing for a definitive diagnosis of the brachial plexus lesion. The DN4 questionnaire was used to identify neuropathic pain, and the Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) to evaluate the different symptoms of neuropathic pain. The SF36 questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to assess quality of life and mood disturbances in patients with neuropathic pain.  Of the 107 enrolled patients, 74 had pain (69% neuropathic pain, as assessed by means of the DN4, was identified in 60 (56% of these patients. According to the NPSI, the most frequent and severe pain type was the spontaneous burning pain. Clinical and neurophysiological findings showed that pain is unrelated to age but is associated with the severity of peripheral nerve damage. The SF36 questionnaire and BDI showed that neuropathic pain impairs quality of life and causes depression.  Our study provides information on the prevalence, characteristics, and variables associated with neuropathic pain due to traumatic brachial plexus injuries that might provide a basis for improving the clinical management of this condition.
Novel and Diverse Recommendations by Leveraging Linear Models with User and Item Embeddings
Venue: ECIR
Year: 2020

Nowadays, item recommendation is an increasing concern for many companies. Users tend to be more reactive than proactive for solving information needs. Recommendation accuracy became the most studied aspect of the quality of the suggestions. However, novel and diverse suggestions also contribute to user satisfaction. Unfortunately, it is common to harm those two aspects when optimizing recommendation accuracy. In this paper, we present EER, a linear model for the top N recommendation task, which takes advantage of user and item embeddings for improving novelty and diversity without harming accuracy.
Exposing Error in Poverty Management Technology: A Method for Auditing Government Benefits Screening Tools
Venue: Proc. ACM Hum. Comput. Interact.
Year: 2020

Public benefits programs help people afford necessities like food, housing, and healthcare. In the US, such programs are means tested: applicants must complete long forms to prove financial distress before receiving aid. Online benefits screening tools provide a gloss of such forms, advising households about their eligibility prior to completing full applications. If incorrectly implemented, screening tools may discourage qualified households from applying for benefits. Unfortunately, errors in screening tools are difficult to detect because they surface one at a time and difficult to contest because unofficial determinations do not generate a paper trail. We introduce a method for auditing such tools in four steps: 1) generate test households, 2) automatically populate screening questions with household information and retrieve determinations, 3) translate eligibility guidelines into computer code to generate ground truth determinations, and 4) identify conflicting determinations to detect errors. We illustrated our method on a real screening tool with households modeled from census data. Our method exposed major errors with corresponding examples to reproduce them. Our work provides a necessary corrective to an already arduous benefits application process.
An Information Model of Bank Loan Availability for Tech SMEs Based on System Dynamics
Year: 2019

The bank loan availability refers to the bank loans financing ability of enterprises, which reflects the difficulty of obtaining bank loans. Because there are many factors that affect the bank loan availability of tech SMEs, and all factors affect each other, it is necessary to establish an information model to measure and predict the loan availability of tech SMEs. This paper constructs the loan availability model of tech SMEs by the idea of informatization and the theory of system dynamics. Firstly, the information processing is carried out on the credit policy of tech SMEs of general commercial banks. Determine credit rating and risk limit as the criteria to measure bank loan availability, and take this as the core to extract the factors affecting bank loan availability for tech SMEs. On this basis, the loan availability and its influencing factors are considered as a whole information system. By quantifying the logical quantitative relationship among the various factors in the system, a system dynamics information model of bank loan availability for tech SMEs is built. After reasonably configuring the simulation parameters of the model, the information model of bank loan availability for tech SMEs is simulated. In the end, test this information model. This information model can improve the information management level of tech SMEs, and help the tech SMEs to make financing strategies and development decisions.
Phylogenetic analysis of a microbial community involved in anaerobic oxidation of ammonium nitrogen
Venue: Microbiology
Year: 2010

The phylogenetic diversity of a microbial community involved in anaerobic oxidation of ammonium nitrogen in the DEAMOX process was studied. Analysis of clone libraries containing 16S rRNA gene inserts of Bacteria, (including Planctomycetes) and Archaea revealed the presence of nucleotide sequences of the microorganisms involved in the main reactions of the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles, including nitrifying, denitrifying, and ANAMMOX bacteria. In the bacterial clone library, 16S rRNA gene sequences of representatives of the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Lentisphaerae, Spirochaetales, and Planctomycetes, as well as of some new groups, were detected. In the archaeal clone library, nucleotide sequences of methanogens belonging to the orders Methanomicrobiales, Methanobacteriales, and Methanosarcinales were found. It is possible that both ANAMMOX bacteria and bacteria of the genus Nitrosomonas are involved in anaerobic ammonium oxidation in the DEAMOX reactor. Many sequences were similar to those from the clone libraries obtained previously from the ANAMMOX community of marine sediments. It is also probable that the DEAMOX reactions occur in natural ecosystems (in marine and freshwater sediments and the oceanic water column) thereby providing for the coupling of the nitrogen and sulfur cycles.
DOMESTIC CONSUMER AWARENESS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION PRACTICES IN PAKISTAN
Year: 2021

Electricity waste is a bottleneck in availing clean, green, uninterrupted, and sustainable electricity supply. The synthesis of the studied literature portrays that irresponsible behavior indulges consumers to take irresponsible action, which leads to electricity waste and crisis. Therefore, to get the know how of irresponsible behavior, this study aims to investigate the role of awareness concerning electricity consumption, wastage, gadget efficiency, and conservation. A questionnaire focused survey was carried out to collect data and performed descriptive analysis to critically evaluate the data. The results explicate that consumers possess a low level of wasteful consumption awareness and "lack of information" is a big issue in waste management. Thus, the study concludes that unawareness is the key determinant that creates and strengthens a sense of irresponsibility in consumer behavior. The academician and practitioners need dire attention to take precautionary measures for developing prominent awareness campaigns and strategic policy guidelines to distort irresponsible human nature by including fearful promotional contents in marketing campaigns.
Adverse Events and Malpractice Claims in Endodontics
Year: 2018

Se ha definido al "evento adverso" como una complicacion no intencional producto de la atencion sanitaria, y aunque puede poseer diferentes etiologias, siempre sera imputable a esta y no a una condicion previa de salud del paciente. Calificados como tales, los conceptos de iatrogenia y mala praxis han sido claramente diferenciados pues solo los segundos ocasionan responsabilidad: mientras la iatrogenia puede resultar de un accionar correcto, la mala praxis supone un dano producido por un acto imperito o negligente, potencialmente demandable y obligable ser a reparado. En odontologia, la endodoncia constituye una de las especialidades de mayor desafio donde los eventos adversos y las demandas de mala praxis han sido reportados con importante frecuencia. Se presenta una revision de la literatura pesquisando las principales causas y resultados de demandas por mala praxis en endodoncia. Se seleccionaron 3 articulos provenientes de Italia, Israel y Dinamarca, donde los eventos adversos mas demandados fueron las perforaciones radiculares, las terapeuticas medicamentosas inadecuadas, las obturaciones defectuosas y las fracturas de instrumentos. Uno de los articulos refirio sentencias de mala praxis en el 97,5% de las demandas. Dado que en Chile la endodoncia lidera las demandas por mala praxis odontologica, se discuten estrategias de gestion de riesgos para estos procedimientos, se propone la adhesion a estrictos protocolos y se recomienda adoptar conductas preventivas para minimizar los efectos negativos de estos eventos.
Climate driven substitution of habitat forming species leads to reduced biodiversity within a temperate marine community
Year: 2018

Anthropogenic climate change is a threat to marine ecosystems. The upper layers of the ocean have warmed by 0.11degC per decade since the mid20th century (IPCC, 2013) and are now on average more acidic and less oxygenated and have altered salinity and wave regimes (Bijma, Portner, Yesson, Rogers, 2013;  2013) Ocean warming, in particular, has resulted in a global redistribution of species with biogeographic ranges generally shifting polewards in line with changing isotherms (Burrows et al. 2011;  19 October 2017  19 April 2018  20 April 2018
De l'apprentissage artificiel pour l'apprentissage humain de la recolte de traces a la modelisation utilisateur
Year: 2008

Les interactions entre l'homme et l'ordinateur peuvent etre etudiees sous plusieurs angles certaines analyses s'attachent a decrire le comportement humain utilisant des outils informatiques, d'autres cherchent a optimiser l'ergonomie de l'interface, et enfin, d'autres cherchent a ameliorer l'interactivite entre l'utilisateur et l'immense quantite d'informations vehiculees par le dispositif numerique. Apres avoir recapitule l'ensemble des proprietes necessaires a la conception d'un systeme generique de recolte de donnees issues directement de l'interaction homme machine, nous presentons des methodes de visualisations de ces donnees permettant la mise a jour de proprietes utiles ainsi que des exemples d'analyses automatiques par des methodes algorithmiques. Nous proposons un nouveau formalisme generique de recolte de donnees provenant des interactions homme machine. Ce modele permet toutes les modelisations et l'application de toutes les methodes evoquees precedemment. Nous presentons egalement des outils d'analyses, qui permettent la reconnaissance automatique de caracteristiques de comportements des utilisateurs, ainsi qu'un outil de visualisation de ces donnees qui permettent la remise en contexte de l'action de l'utilisateur ainsi que la comparaison de l'activite de plusieurs individus sur une ou plusieurs interfaces. Deux algorithmes sont introduits pour faciliter la lecture de la visualisation. Ces travaux doivent s'appliquer dans un contexte scolaire et quelques theories pedagogiques elaborees par les psychologues cognitivistes specialises ce domaine ont ete etudiees. Une plateforme permettant l'implementation de methodes d'apprentissage artificiel decrit les modalites d'application pour adapter automatiquement l'interaction et fournir une aide personnalisee. Des methodes algorithmiques d'apprentissage artificiel sont egalement detaillees suivant une typologie des methodes de traitement des donnees. Deux analyses effectuees sur des donnees recoltees lors d'experiences que nous avons menees, ont permis d'elaborer des methodes de personnalisations automatiques de l'interaction homme machine pour l'enseignement.
Mechanistic analysis elucidating the relationship between Lys96 mutation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis pyrazinamidase enzyme and pyrazinamide susceptibility
Venue: BMC Genomics
Year: 2015

Pyrazinamide (PZA) is one of the most effective first line treatments against tuberculosis disease. The drug generally has bacteriostatic action. It also acts on bacterial spores which eliminates the chances of resurfacing of the infection. However, in recent years there has been a major increase in the occurrence of drug resistant bacterial strains. Resistance against PZA is caused by mutations in pyrazinamidase (PncA) protein which is the activator of the prodrug PZA. In the present study, we have tried to gain insights into the mechanism by which resistance develops due to K96R mutation occurring in the PncA catalytic region  The binding cavity analysis showed an increase of 762.3 A 3 in the volume of the mutant protein. Docking studies revealed that PZA has a greater binding affinity for the native protein in comparison to the mutant protein. Molecular dynamics simulations further showed the role of flap region, which is present in PncA protein, in development of resistance to the drug.  The residues of flap region acquire more flexibility in mutant form of protein and thus move away from the active site. This leads to weak binding of the drug to the target residues which might interfere with the activation of the drug to functional form thereby giving rise to drug resistant bacterial strains.
Effects of urban form on the urban heat island effect based on spatial regression model.
Venue: The Science of the total environment
Year: 2018

The urban heat island (UHI) effect is becoming more of a concern with the accelerated process of urbanization. However, few studies have examined the effect of urban form on land surface temperature (LST) especially from an urban planning perspective. This paper used spatial regression model to investigate the effects of both land use composition and urban form on LST in Wuhan City, China, based on the regulatory planning management unit. Landsat ETM+ image data was used to estimate LST. Land use composition was calculated by impervious surface area proportion, vegetated area proportion, and water proportion, while urban form indicators included sky view factor (SVF) building density, and floor area ratio (FAR) We first tested for spatial autocorrelation of urban LST, which confirmed that a traditional regression method would be invalid. A spatial error model (SEM) was chosen because its parameters were better than a spatial lag model (SLM) The results showed that urban form metrics should be the focus for mitigation efforts of UHI effects. In addition, analysis of the relationship between urban form and UHI effect based on the regulatory planning management unit was helpful for promoting corresponding UHI effect mitigation rules in practice. Finally, the spatial regression model was recommended to be an appropriate method for dealing with problems related to the urban thermal environment. Results suggested that the impact of urbanization on the UHI effect can be mitigated not only by balancing various land use types, but also by optimizing urban form, which is even more effective. This research expands the scientific understanding of effects of urban form on UHI by explicitly analyzing indicators closely related to urban detailed planning at the level of regulatory planning management unit. In addition, it may provide important insights and effective regulation measures for urban planners to mitigate future UHI effects.
Application of hyperspectral technology in detection of agricultural products and food: A Review
Venue: Food science nutrition
Year: 2020

Food is the foundation of human survival. With the development and progress of society, people increasingly focus on the problems of food quality and safety, which is closely related to human's health. Thus, the whole industrial chain from farmland to dining table need to be strictly controlled. Traditional detection methods are time consuming, laborious, and destructive. In recent years, hyperspectral technology has been more and more applied to food safety and quality detection, because the technology can achieve rapid and nondestructive detection of food, and the requirement to experimental condition is low; operability is strong. In this paper, hyperspectral imaging technology was briefly introduced, and its application in agricultural products and food detection in recent years was systematically summarized, and the key points in the research process were deeply discussed. This work lays a solid foundation for the peers to the following in depth research and application of this technology.
La muerte en el aula: una propuesta para la inclusion de la muerte en Educacion Secundaria y Bachillerato desde la Filosofia
Year: 2018

El presente Trabajo Fin de Master se ha desarrollado con el objetivo de atenuar la ausencia de la muerte que se da en el Curriculo de Educacion Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato. La muerte es uno de los temas principales de la filosofia, y esto podria bastar para justificar su importancia y, por tanto, su insercion en el Curriculo. No obstante, se ha llevado a cabo un analisis del Decreto y del Real Decreto y se ha demostrado que la insercion del tema que nos ocupa es pertinente atendiendo a los objetivos perseguidos. Debido a ello, y haciendo uso del programa de Filosofia para Ninos, se ha desarrollado una propuesta metodologica para tratar la muerte a traves del cine y la literatura.
Molecular design and ordering effects of alkoxy aromatic donor in a DPP copolymer on OTFTs and OPVs
Year: 2015

Two p type polymers, PONDPP and PTADPP were synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction to investigate the effect of alkoxy aromatic donor units in diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) based copolymers on OTFTs and OPVs. PONDPP containing dialkoxynaphthalene exhibits excellent field effect performances, with a hole mobility of 0.324 cm2/V while PTADPP containing dialkoxyanthracene exhibits mobility of 4.5 x 10 3 cm2/V at 200 degC annealing. Bulk heterojunction type polymer solar cells based on these polymers as the electron donor materials, with PC71BM as the acceptor, showed maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.9% for PONDPP and 1.1% for PTADPP under AM 1.5 illumination. From photophysical and structural studies, we found that naphthalene unit was introduced to the DPP unit to enhance more the molecular ordering compared to anthracene unit.
On Learning Psycholinguistics Tools for English based Creole Languages using Social Media Data
Venue: 2018 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)
Year: 2018

The Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) tool is a psycholinguistics tool that has been widely used in both psychology and sociology research, and the LIWC scores derived from user generated content are known to be good features for personality prediction   LIWC, however, is language specific as it relies on counting the percentage of predefined dictionary words occurring in the content. For content written in English Creoles which are languages based on English, the original English LIWC may not perform optimally due to its lack of words which are only used in the English Creoles. In this paper, we therefore study the learning of LIWC for an English Creole using word embeddings, a way to encode contextual meaning of words in a vector representation. We particularly focus on an English Creole known as Singlish (which is a popular English creole in Singapore and it contains words from non English languages including Malay, Chinese, Chinese dialects, and Indian languages) Instead of a manual effort to construct LIWC for Singlish, we automate the construction of a Singlish specific LIWC dictionary, called S LIWC by learning a word embedding model using a large corpus of Singapore tweets, and extracting new words semantically similar to the LIWC dictionary words. We show that the S LIWC can be used to predict LIWC summary variables. Moreover, we conduct a personality prediction experiment on Singapore university students using their Facebook status updates. Our results show that our personality prediction method using S LIWC outperforms that using LIWC for most personality traits. We finally show some interesting case examples of explaining the weaknesses and strength of S LIWC.