nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Onvezeto funkciok megvalositasara alkalmas jarmu Unreal Engine 4 alapu szimulacioja
Year: 2020

The development of self driving, autonomous vehicles is amongst the fastest developing fields. One of the most important elements of developments in connection with this topic is the processing and the application of vision sensor data. In order to use vision sensor data for environmental perception, neural networks, self learning algorithms are applied. The calibration of visual sensors and the training of neural networks requires measurements and visual sensor data. The process of sensor data acquisition and training image set creation is time consuming and cannot be considered as cost effective. The aim of this paper is to present the creation process of a computer simulation with the purpose of simulating a vehicle mounted with visual sensors. The result of the simulation process is presented through examples and use cases for a specific passenger car and visual sensor. The application of environmental parameters will be separately presented. By the use of the presented computer simulation method, it is possible to replace the time consuming and expensive measurement and data acquisition processes by a simulated vehicle and sensor model. Kivonat Az onvezeto, vagy akar autonom jarmuvek fejlesztese napjaink hangsulyos teruleteve valt. Ezen teruleten vegzett fejlesztesek fontos eleme sok egyeb mellett a jarmu fedelzeti vizualis szenzoraibol kinyert kepinformaciok megfelelo feldolgozasa es alkalmazasa. A kepinformaciok feldolgozasahoz neuralis halokra, ontanulo algoritmusokra van szukseg. A szenzorok kalibralasahoz es a neuralis halok tanitasahoz szamos meresre, kepadatra van szukseg, melyek eloallitasa koltseges es idoigenyes feladat. Jelen cikk celja olyan szamitogepes szimulacios eljarasok letrehozasanak bemutatasa, amelyek altal onvezeto funkciok megvalositasara alkalmas jarmuvek kepi informaciokat rogzito fedelzeti erzekeloi pontosan, valosaghuen szimulalhatok. A szimulacios eljarasok alkalmazasa egy meghatarozott jarmu es szenzor eseteben, peldakon keresztul kerul bemutatasra. A szimulacio alkalmazasanak bemutatasa soran kulon esetkent kerul kezelesre a kornyezeti viszonyok szimulatoron beluli parameterezhetosege. A szimulalt jarmu es szenzor altal lehetoseg nyilik a korabban emlitett idoigenyes es koltseges folyamatok szimulacioval torteno kivaltasara a vizualis szenzorok kalibracioja es a kepadatgyujtes lehetove valik szimulaciok hasznalataval.
NOVEL CORONAVIRUS: A RECENT OUT BREAK
Year: 2020

The novel Coronavirus was recognised as causative pathogen of coronavirus outbreak in 2020. First case reported in Wuhan. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that an animal sold at seafood market is the host of new virus. Thousands of people already contracted with new coronavirus. The WHO declared the outbreak "public health emergency of international concern" Coronavirus belongs to large family of virus which are zoonotic in nature. Signs of infection by this virus: respiratory diseases, fever, cough, dyspnoea, headache, hypoxemia, pneumonia, sore throat. Mode of transmission of SARS CoV [2002] MERS CoV [2012] was by cat and dromedary camels. Coronavirus is causing severe acute respiratory syndrome indicated by elevated levels of aminotransferase and lymphopenia; alveolar damage can occur. Etiologic agents of respiratory diseases are human coronavirus: HKUI HCOU NL63 and for common cold, it is coronavirus OC43 229E. Murine coronavirus exhibit various levels of virulence and tropisms. Antibody cell mediated responses needed for its prevention. Porcine coronavirus are cause of viral enteritis foetal diarrhoea. The coronavirus spike protein mediators cell cell transmission. 1) Spike cleaves by proteases. 2) then enter cells by plasma membrane route. 3) finally replicate to particular cell based on ability to bind with receptors [2019 n CoV can bind to ACE II receptors] The demographic states: male: female sex ratio is 2.7 1 and age range 1 76 among the infected. Prevention include: regular hand washing, cover mouth while coughing, thoroughly cook meat and egg. The company Reckitt Benckiser says that Dettol can kill some CoV strains.
Pemodelan Basis data Graph dengan Neo4j (Studi Kasus Basis Data Sistem Informasi Penjualan pada UMKM)
Year: 2020

Penelitian ini mengimplementasikan penyimpanan data dengan menggunakan basis data graph. Basis data graph merupakan salah satu kategori dari basis data noSQL. Dalam basis data model SQL data dibentuk dalam tabel tabel yang terdiri dari baris dan kolom, sedangkan pada basis data model NoSQL data tidak memiliki skema standar yang harus didefinisikan. NoSql merupakan sistem manajemen basis data yang tidak mempunyai atau mematuhi aturan tertentu seperti pada model sistem manajemen basis data relasional. NoSQL memiliki skema yang dinamis sedangkan pada database SQL mengikuti skema yang telah ditetapkan pada awal perancangan. Pengembangan basis data graph sistem penjualan UMKM ini dilakukan dengan mengembangkan terlebih dahulu dalam konseptual dan membandingkan dengan membuat terlebih dahulu model database relasional dan model database graph. Hasil penelitian ini menghasilkan basis data graph yang mengelola data data penjualan serta menghubungkan berbagai simpul yang
Qualitative versus Quantitative Research in Marketing
Year: 2013

It is ironic that at a time when we have more quantitative data about consumers than ever before so called "big data," scanner data, loyalty program purchase histories, trails of Internet searches and social media activity, and much more that businesses nevertheless increasingly desire qualitative information. The two sets of methods also differ in their underlying assumptions about the nature of reality, the nature of evidence, causality, and factors that shape behavior. Unfortunately these differences often evoke an "either/or" approach on the part of researchers and audiences for their research. In both academic and applied research it is usually far more beneficial to adopt a "both/and" perspective and to select the best tool for the problem at hand. Otherwise, with a tool kit comprised of only a single tool, the "law of the hammer" tends to apply. If you only have a hammer in your tool kit, everything starts to look like a nail and we keep pounding away, regardless of the nature of the problem at hand.
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis
Year: 2011

Phylogenetic analysis, in the strictest sense, is the process of testing hypotheses about the descent of species from a common ancestor. This chapter provides an overview of a task essential to all: obtaining a working hypothesis of the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms, summarized as a phylogenetic tree. Molecular phylogenetic analysis became more powerful and more accessible with the advent of rapid, inexpensive DNA sequencing, eventually leading to a major revision in the understanding of the evolutionary relationships among all living organisms. In order to provide a statistically robust representation of the phylogeny, a phylogenetic marker needs to have a sufficient number of independently evolving positions so that at least several changes differentiate the most closely related taxa of interest. After a phylogenetic marker has been selected, one must obtain sequence data. The core of automated alignment algorithms is optimization of a scoring function. Points are added for identities and similarities at each position, points are subtracted for mismatches, and many points are subtracted for gaps. The chapter emphasizes the use of aligned sequence databases in preference to de novo alignment not only for the savings in time and effort but also for the higher quality. It discusses maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood, the most widely implemented character based methods, as well as Bayesian phylogenetic inference, a relatively new method rapidly growing in popularity. Although it may be possible to identify an optimal topology, the reader is cautioned that an optimal tree does not guarantee the true phylogeny.
The Monetary Value of Disability Adjusted Life Years Lost in the East African Community in 2015
Year: 2018

The East African Community (EAC) member states (Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda) incur annually a huge loss of disability adjusted life years (DALY) from communicable and non communicable diseases and injuries annually. This study estimated the monetary value of DALYs lost in the EAC in 2015 without and with UN the health Sustainable Development Goal 3. The monetary value of DALYs lost in the EAC was estimated by multiplying the estimated DALYs associated with different diseases by GDP per capita net of health expenditures. The 82,017,651 DALYs lost in EAC in 2015 had a monetary value of Int$ 203,843,476,166. About 58.2% resulted from Communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions; 30.3% from non communicable diseases (NCDs) and 11.5% from injuries. Burundi incurred 2.8% of the total monetary value of DALYs, Kenya 33.9% Rwanda 4.2% Tanzania 39.5% and Uganda 19.6% The EAC could save approximately 31% of the total monetary value of DALYs lost if SDG 3 targets are fully achieved. Therefore, EAC member states should invest adequately into strengthening of national health systems and other systems that address social determinants to ensure healthy lives and promotion of well being for all people at all ages.
Influence of ultrasound on juvenile hormone titers in Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Venue: Scientific reports
Year: 2021

Abiotic stress factors can significantly affect insects. In particular, the stressful effects of exposure to ultrasound on insects are considered important. In the present study, we investigated the effects of ultrasound on the important global pest Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) which is the main vector of the pinewood nematode. We exposed M. alternatus adults (aged 1 day, 3 days, and 5 days) to ultrasound at different frequencies (using two ultrasonic devices, i.e. LHC20 with a mixture of frequencies at 35 kHz, 70 kHz, and 105 kHz; and GFG 8016G at two separate frequencies of 30 kHz and 60 kHz) for different periods of time (1 h, 12 h, and 24 h) before evaluating the juvenile hormone III (JHIII) titers. All of the ultrasound treatments significantly decreased the JHIII titers in M. alternatus adults. The decreases in the JHIII titers due to ultrasound exposure did not differ according to sex, but the effects on beetles of different ages differed significantly depending on the duration of exposure. The decreases in the JHIII titers were highest in male and female beetles after exposure to ultrasound for 12 h. Following exposure to ultrasound for any time period, the decreases in the JHIII titers were lower in adults aged 3 days than those aged 1 day and 5 days. The different ultrasonic frequencies led to variable decreases in the JHIII titers in M. alternatus adults, where the greatest decreases occurred in beetles exposed to ultrasound at 60 kHz. Our results indicate that ultrasound can negatively affect the normal JHIII levels and it may further disrupt sexual maturation by M. alternatus adults.
Long Term Use of Tamoxifen Is Associated With a Decreased Subsequent Meningioma Risk in Patients With Breast Cancer: A Nationwide Population Based Cohort Study
Venue: Front. Pharmacol.
Year: 2019

Earlier studies have indicated a relatively higher risk of occurring meningioma among female breast cancer survivors and have suggested that tamoxifen might decrease this risk. The present study evaluated whether tamoxifen use in breast cancer patients can reduce the risk of meningioma.  We designed a population based cohort study by using data from the National Health Insurance system of Taiwan to assess this issue. Between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2008, women with breast cancer and of age =20 years were included. They were divided into two groups: those who had not received tamoxifen therapy and those who had. The Cox's proportion hazard regression analysis was conducted to estimate the effects of tamoxifen treatment and the subsequent meningioma risk.  We identified a total of 50,442 tamoxifen users and 30,929 non tamoxifen users. Tamoxifen users had a borderline significantly lower overall risk of meningioma than non tamoxifen users [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.64, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.40 1.02] A statistically significant difference was found in those patients with tamoxifen treatment duration longer than 1,500 days (aHR 0.42, 95% CI 0.19 0.91) or with cumulative dosage exceeding 26,320 mg (aHR 0.44, 95% CI 0.22 0.88) Furthermore, no statistically significant joint effect of aromatase inhibitors and tamoxifen on the occurrence of meningioma among breast cancer patients was seen.  Tamoxifen users had a non significantly (36% lower risk of developing meningioma than did tamoxifen non users; however, our data indicated that tamoxifen therapy is associated with a reduced meningioma risk for Taiwanese breast cancer patients receiving long duration or high cumulative dosage treatment with tamoxifen.
The Selection, Use, and Reporting of Control Variables in International Business Research: A Review and Recommendations
Year: 2018

This study explores the selection, use, and reporting of control variables in studies published in the leading international business (IB) research journals. We review a sample of 246 empirical studies published in the top five IB journals over the period 2012 2015 with particular emphasis on selection, use, and reporting of controls. Approximately 83% of studies included only half of what we consider Minimum Standard of Practice with regards to controls, whereas only 38% of the studies met the 75% threshold. We provide recommendations on how to effectively identify, use and report controls in IB studies.
Rechazar una invitacion y negarse a una peticion: procedimientos de atenuacion discursiva empleados en las respuestas escritas de alumnas de espanol como lengua extranjera en Estados Unidos
Year: 2018

espanolEste articulo se propone analizar los procedimientos de atenuacion discursiva que utilizan 52 alumnas de espanol como lengua extranjera de Estados Unidos. A partir de un cuestionario, se recogieron las respuestas en relacion con dos funciones comunicativas presentes en el Plan curricular del Instituto Cervantes. En la primera, las participantes tenian que declinar la invitacion de un amigo, en tanto que en la segunda, debian responder a la peticion de un desconocido negandose a su cumplimiento. Aunque, inicialmente, se suponia que una mayor distancia social implicaria un mayor numero de recursos de atenuacion en el plano enunciativo, los resultados sugieren que existen otros factores que impiden la confirmacion de dicha hipotesis. Con todo, se presentan diferencias en la cantidad y el tipo de mecanismos atenuadores vinculados a ambas funciones en dos niveles intermedios de dominio de espanol (uno entre A2 y B1, y otro entre B1 y B2) EnglishThis paper aims to analyse discursive attenuation procedures that 52 students of Spanish as a foreign language of United States use. From a questionnaire, the answers linked to two communicative functions present in the Plan curricular del Instituto Cervantes were collected. In the first, participants had to decline an invitation from a friend, while, in the second, they had to refuse a request from a stranger. Although, initially, it was supposed to find a greater number of attenuation resources associated to participants' responses when these had relation to a larger social distance degree between interlocutors, results suggest that there are other factors that prevent the validation of this hypothesis. However, differences in the amount and type of attenuation mechanisms are found regarding both functions in two groups at an intermediate level of Spanish (the first one, between A2 and B1, and the second one, between B1 and B2)
Precursor Frequency and Affinity Determine B Cell Competitive Fitness in Germinal Centers, Tested with Germline Targeting HIV Vaccine Immunogens
Venue: Immunity
Year: 2018

How precursor frequencies and antigen affinities impact interclonal B cell competition is a particularly relevant issue for candidate germline targeting HIV vaccine designs because of the in vivo rarity of naive B cells that recognize broadly neutralizing epitopes. Knowing the frequencies and affinities of HIV specific VRC01 class naive human B cells, we transferred B cells with germline VRC01 B cell receptors into congenic recipients to elucidate the roles of precursor frequency, antigen affinity, and avidity on B cell responses following immunization. All three factors were interdependently limiting for competitive success of VRC01 class B cells. In physiological high affinity conditions using a multivalent immunogen, rare VRC01 class B cells successfully competed in germinal centers (GC) underwent extensive somatic hypermutation, and differentiated into memory B cells. The data reveal dominant influences of precursor frequency, affinity, and avidity for interclonal GC competition and indicate that germline targeting immunogens can overcome these challenges with high affinity multimeric designs.
Activation of the Bile Acid Pathway and No Observed Antimicrobial Peptide Sequences in the Skin of a Poison Frog
Venue: G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics
Year: 2019

The skin secretions of many frogs have genetically encoded, endogenous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) Other species, especially aposematic poison frogs, secrete exogenously derived alkaloids that serve as potent defense molecules. The origins of these defense systems are not clear, but a novel bile acid derived metabolite, tauromantellic acid, was recently discovered and shown to be endogenous in poison frogs (Mantella, Dendrobates, and Epipedobates) These observations raise questions about the evolutionary history of AMP genetic elements, the mechanism and function of tauromatellic acid production, and links between these systems. To understand the diversity and expression of AMPs among frogs, we assembled skin transcriptomes of 13 species across the anuran phylogeny. Our analyses revealed a diversity of AMPs and AMP expression levels across the phylogenetic history of frogs, but no observations of AMPs in Mantella. We examined genes expressed in the bile acid metabolic pathway and found that CYP7A1 (Cytochrome P450) BAAT (bile acid CoA: amino acid N acyltransferase) and AMACR (alpha methylacyl CoA racemase) were highly expressed in the skin of M. betsileo and either lowly expressed or absent in other frog species. In particular, CYP7A1 catalyzes the first reaction in the cholesterol catabolic pathway and is the rate limiting step in regulation of bile acid synthesis, suggesting unique activation of the bile acid pathway in Mantella skin. The activation of the bile acid pathway in the skin of Mantella and the lack of observed AMPs fuel new questions about the evolution of defense compounds and the ectopic expression of the bile acid pathway.
An effective and accurate identification system of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using convolution neural networks
Venue: Microscopy research and technique
Year: 2019

Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality from infectious disease in developing countries. The sputum smear microscopy remains the primary diagnostic laboratory test. However, microscopic examination is always time consuming and tedious. Therefore, an effective computer aided image identification system is needed to provide timely assistance in diagnosis. The current identification system usually suffers from complex color variations of the images, resulting in plentiful of false object detection. To overcome the dilemma, we propose a two stage Mycobacterium tuberculosis identification system, consisting of candidate detection and classification using convolution neural networks (CNNs) The refined Faster region based CNN was used to distinguish candidates of M. tuberculosis and the actual ones were classified by utilizing CNN based classifier. We first compared three different CNNs, including ensemble CNN, single member CNN, and deep CNN. The experimental results showed that both ensemble and deep CNNs were on par with similar identification performance when analyzing more than 19,000 images. A much better recall value was achieved by using our proposed system in comparison with conventional pixel based support vector machine method for M. tuberculosis bacilli detection.
Structure and microwave dielectric properties of epitaxial 0.7CaTiO3 0.3NdAlO3 dielectric thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition
Venue: Ceramics International
Year: 2019

High quality epitaxial 0.7CaTiO3 0.3NdAlO3 (CTNA) dielectric thin films with complex perovskite structure are deposited on SrTiO3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition. In a combination with XRD and aberration corrected TEM, the strain state and oxygen octahedral rotation are analyzed in detail. The substrate temperature dependence of microwave dielectric properties has been investigated by a split post dielectric resonator method. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent of the CTNA thin film deposited at 700 degC are 417 and 0.048 at 10 GHz, respectively. The dielectric response of CTNA films derived from far infrared reflectance spectroscopy shows that the frequency of phonon mode TO1 centered at 174.5 cm 1 is shifted to 176.6 cm 1 with increasing substrate temperature. In contrast, the damping factor decreases with increasing substrate temperature. The substrate temperature dependence of dielectric response mainly results from the strain induced oxygen octahedral rotation.
Full field calibration and compensation of lateral chromatic aberration based on unwrapped phase
Venue: SPIE/COS Photonics Asia
Year: 2016

Lateral chromatic aberration (CA) of color cameras has great effects on the imaging quality. This paper presents a novel method to full field calibrate lateral CA between color channels by using unwrapped phase data. Closed circle sinusoidal fringe patterns having the optimum three fringe numbers are generated and displayed on a liquid crystal screen consecutively through red, green and blue channels. These closed fringe patterns are captured by a color camera. The wrapped phase and unwrapped phase of each pixel can be calculated by using four step phase shifting algorithm and optimum three fringe number method, respectively. The pixel deviations produced by lateral CA are computed by comparing the obtained absolute phase data between red, blue, and green channels in polar coordinate system and calibration is accomplished in Cartesian coordinate system. Lateral CA between color channels of the color camera can be compensated by using the calibrated data. Simulated and experimental results show the validity of the proposed calibration and compensation method.