nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Afraid to travel after COVID 19? Self protection, coping and resilience against pandemic 'travel fear'
Year: 2020

COVID 19 has generated an unprecedented level of public fear, likely impeding tourism industry recovery after the pandemic is over. This study explores what trigger the public's pandemic 'travel fear' and how people impose self protection, coping and resilience related to travel. The study integrates theories including protection motivation theory, coping and resilience theories to address the research aim. Using a quota sampling, an online survey of 1208 respondents across mainland China was conducted. Results found that threat severity and susceptibility can cause 'travel fear' which leads to protection motivation and protective travel behaviors after the pandemic outbreak. Findings also revealed that 'travel fear' can evoke different coping strategies, which increases people's psychological resilience and adoption of cautious travel behaviors. Several strategies are provided on how to mitigate people's 'travel fear' and encourage travel in a post COVID 19 world.
The Blind Scientists and the Elephant of Swallowing: A Review of Instrumental Perspectives on Swallowing Physiology
Year: 2015

Swallowing is a complex biomechanical process. In this review, several different techniques for measuring swallowing physiology are described, and limitations of each instrumental perspective are discussed. The techniques discussed include videofluoroscopy, endoscopy, three dimensional dynamic computed tomography imaging, ultrasound, electromagnetic articulography, electromyography, lingual and pharyngeal manometry, electropalatography, airflow measurement, and swallowing acoustics/accelerometry. It is hoped that this review will inform scientists in the food oral processing field regarding methods that may be useful for capturing relevant features of swallowing behavior across different food textures and liquid consistencies. Likewise, it is hoped that the delineation of current gaps in knowledge will reveal topics of shared interest for swallowing and food oral scientists as a first step toward future collaboration.  Swallowing is something that we take for granted, but is actually a complicated biomechanical activity involving many muscles. The process of swallowing can be studied or measured using a variety of different clinical and instrumental techniques. In this review article, the strengths and limitations of several different instrumental approaches to measuring swallowing behaviours are discussed. An extensive reference list is provided to original articles using these different techniques.
The modal system of the Igbo language
Year: 2008

In spite of the number of studies on mood and modality in Igbo, it is mainly the category of mood that can be found in most grammar books of the language, both old and new. This state of affairs could be as a result of the lack of a morphosyntactic systematization of modality that is comparable to the works on mood in the language; but it could also be as a result of the under analysis of the verbal morphology of the language in relation to modality. This paper is an initial effort at such systematization. The focus is on the use of such verb morphologyrelated structures as single root verbs like t o si "should/ought to" verb+NP verbal structures lke nwe ike "can" and verbal suffixes like _ nwu "able" and r i. r i. "compulsion" for the expression of modality in the Igbo language. The use of these structures to cover the whole spectrum of deontic and epistemic meanings argues for their recognition as constituting the verb morphology related modal system of the language. This attribute also distinguishes them from the modal particles and other structures that have been categorized as "periphrastic forms" (Igwe 1987; Nwigwe 2003) but which are here categorized as "peripheral modals" because they can only be used to express mainly epistemic but not deontic modal meanings. A further attribute of the identified core structures of the Igbo modal system is some level of interaction with aspect that is comparable to that confirmed in Abraham (2001, 2002) whereby the deontic meanings tend to coalesce with perfective aspect, while epistemic meanings tend to coalesce with imperfective aspect. This quality of a systematic interaction of the modal meanings with aspect, which cannot be confirmed for the "peripheral modals" further strengthens the conclusion that the identified verbs and affixes constitute the core of the Igbo modal system
Labor crew workspace analysis for prefabricated assemblies' installation: A 4D BIM based approach
Year: 2018

Construction industrialization is emerging in the construction industry, as a result, buildings with prefabricated assemblies are gaining more and more ground. In most situations, the prefabricated building assemblies are installed by labor crews manually. If some assemblies are ill designed, clashes between labor crews' workspaces and them may occur, which will have bad effect on workers' productivity and even incur hazard. The purpose of this paper is to provide a 4D building information modeling (BIM) based approach to find potential workspace conflicts during the installation process of prefabricated building assemblies in the detailed design process so as to eliminate them in advance.,First, a workspace modeling method is provided; second, three kinds of workspace conflicts are analyzed; third, a 4D BIM based approach is established; fourth, a prototype tool based on the approach is developed; and finally, a case study is conducted to test the tool.,The result shows that the proposed tool can detect or precaution workspace conflicts and visualize them in a series of views; in doing so, valuable information can be obtained for improving the design quality of prefabricated assemblies.,The proposed approach and tool only concern the congestions caused by ill designed prefabricated components; the tool needed to be further optimized for speed; the tests on the tool are limited to a single case study; and more tests are needed to verify its effectiveness.,This research provides a 4D BIM based approach and a prototype tool for installation workspace analysis. It can be used to provide support for design optimization of prefabricated building assemblies.
Bio Herbicidal Effects of Oregano and Rosemary Essential Oils on Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L. Crop in Organic Farming System
Venue: Agronomy
Year: 2019

Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L. is a well known medicinal plant species in which the products requested from the market are those that are derived from the organic system. The study was conducted to assess the allelopathic effects, as natural herbicides, of two essential oils extracted from oregano (Origanum vulgare L. and rosemary (Rosmarimum officinalis L. with the objective of exploring the possibility of their utilization for future weed management. A field experiment was conducted over two seasons, when the infestation of 15 different weed species was detected. Each essential oil was applied at two different concentrations (50% diluted and undiluted) three times during the chamomile crop under an organic farm system. The results demonstrated that the germination of different weed species was affected differently by the type of essential oils and especially by their concentrations. The undiluted oils inhibited most of the germination of several weed species, highlighting a significantly higher percentage of Weed Control Efficiency (WCE) and suggesting the potential to be used as bio herbicides. Bioherbicidal weed control methods could offer an advantage with respect to hand weeding, particularly from an economic point of view.
Reducing residual stress by selective large area diode surface heating during laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing
Venue: Additive Manufacturing
Year: 2019

High residual stresses are typical in additively manufactured metals and can reach levels as high as the yield strength, leading to distortions and even cracks. Here, an in situ method for controlling residual stress during laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing was demonstrated. By illuminating the surface of a build with homogeneously intense, shaped light from a set of laser diodes, the thermal history was controlled thereby reducing the residual stress in as built parts. 316L stainless steel bridge shaped parts were built to characterize the effect of in situ annealing on the residual stress. A reduction in the overall residual stress value of up to 90% was realized without altering the as built grain structure (no grain growth) Some annealing effects on the cellular dendritic solidification structure (patterns of higher solute content) occurred in areas that experienced prolonged exposure to elevated temperature. A comparison of the in situ process to conventional post build annealing demonstrated equivalent stress reduction compared to rule of thumb thermal treatments. Use of this method could reduce or remove the need for post processing to remove residual stresses.
Predicting the Default Risk of Firm by Using the Maple Programming of the Iterated Merton Model
Year: 2019

This paper referred to a study that predict the default risk of firms using the iterated Merton model. Merton model is a widely used model in providing the assessment of firm probability to default. The ability of the model in predicting default risk is proven by many empirical studies. However, the iterated Merton model contains complicated mathematical structure to understand and thus, the paper enhanced the model into a maple program as a shortcut tool to predict default risk. The implementation of the iterated Merton model into a Maple programming produce several Maple coding run by the Maple 18 software. This program generates the iterated market value of asset, asset volatility and probability of default of firms as its main outputs. In this paper, samples of data of two companies are utilized as inputs to the Maple program. The result shows that the iterated market value of asset, asset volatility and probability of default converges at the second iteration. The program is tested by making sure that the predicted probability of default is consistent with the ratings of the selected companies. We found that the program able to predict the probability of default of the good rated performance company well rather than the poor rated performance company. However, the inconsistency exists is due to the failure of getting all the relevant information to predict the probability of default. Further research is recommended to improve the program into a sophisticated application.
Extreme amyloid polymorphism in Staphylococcus aureus virulent PSMa peptides
Venue: Nature Communications
Year: 2018

Members of the Staphylococcus aureus phenol soluble modulin (PSM) peptide family are secreted as functional amyloids that serve diverse roles in pathogenicity and may be present as full length peptides or as naturally occurring truncations. We recently showed that the activity of PSMa3, the most toxic member, stems from the formation of cross a fibrils, which are at variance with the cross b fibrils linked with eukaryotic amyloid pathologies. Here, we show that PSMa1 and PSMa4, involved in biofilm structuring, form canonical cross b amyloid fibrils wherein b sheets tightly mate through steric zipper interfaces, conferring high stability. Contrastingly, a truncated PSMa3 has antibacterial activity, forms reversible fibrils, and reveals two polymorphic and atypical b rich fibril architectures. These architectures are radically different from both the cross a fibrils formed by full length PSMa3, and from the canonical cross b fibrils. Our results point to structural plasticity being at the basis of the functional diversity exhibited by S. aureus PSMas.The phenol soluble modulin PSMa3 secreted by Staphylococcus aureus forms cross a amyloid like fibrils. Here the authors reveal the amyloid polymorphism of PSMs by presenting the cross b amyloid fibril structures of the biofilm associated PSMa1 and PSMa4 and showing that truncated PSMa3 antibacterial peptides form distinct out of register b sheets and a polymorph with a hexameric architecture of b sheets.
Optical Vortex Beam Propagation in Turbulent Atmosphere
Year: 2016

Propagation of optical vortex beamlet (OVB) in turbulent atmospheric environment is studied theoretically by normalized models. Our simulation shows that optical vortex beamlet is superior to traditional Gaussian beam in terms of diffraction behavior of long haul propagation. Formation of vortex beam let is experimentally demonstrated by using a spatial light modulator (SLM) which achieve a power efficiency of more than 90% when the intrinsic loss in SLM is excluded.
Prognostics and Health Management for Maintenance Practitioners Review, Implementation and Tools Evaluation
Year: 2020

In literature, prognostics and health management (PHM) systems have been studied by many researchers from many different engineering fields to increase system reliability, availability, safety and to reduce the maintenance cost of engineering assets. Many works conducted in PHM research concentrate on designing robust and accurate models to assess the health state of components for particular applications to support decision making. Models which involve mathematical interpretations, assumptions and approximations make PHM hard to understand and implement in real world applications, especially by maintenance practitioners in industry. Prior knowledge to implement PHM in complex systems is crucial to building highly reliable systems. To fill this gap and motivate industry practitioners, this paper attempts to provide a comprehensive review on PHM domain and discusses important issues on uncertainty quantification, implementation aspects next to prognostics feature and tool evaluation. In this paper, PHM implementation steps consists of; (1) critical component analysis, (2) appropriate sensor selection for condition monitoring (CM) (3) prognostics feature evaluation under data analysis and (4) prognostics methodology and tool evaluation matrices derived from PHM literature. Besides PHM implementation aspects, this paper also reviews previous and on going research in high speed train bogies to highlight problems faced in train industry and emphasize the significance of PHM for further investigations.
OpenKE: An Open Toolkit for Knowledge Embedding
Venue: EMNLP
Year: 2018

We release an open toolkit for knowledge embedding (OpenKE) which provides a unified framework and various fundamental models to embed knowledge graphs into a continuous low dimensional space. OpenKE prioritizes operational efficiency to support quick model validation and large scale knowledge representation learning. Meanwhile, OpenKE maintains sufficient modularity and extensibility to easily incorporate new models into the framework. Besides the toolkit, the embeddings of some existing large scale knowledge graphs pre trained by OpenKE are also available, which can be directly applied for many applications including information retrieval, personalized recommendation and question answering. The toolkit, documentation, and pre trained embeddings are all released on
The Effects of the Sustained Silent Reading Program on Cultivating Students' Habits and Attitudes in Reading Books for Leisure
Year: 2008

The author examines the effects of the sustained silent reading program on cultivating students' habits and attitudes in reading books for leisure. The author used a time series design and measured students' reading habits and attitudes three times in twelve months. It was expected that if the program created positive effects on cultivating students' habits and attitudes, significant improvements in them would appear during implementation. The results supported this expectation. After some months, the number of students reading books for leisure during the program increased. The number of students who agreed that reading books for leisure was pleasurable also increased. However, the number of students who spent more than one hour reading books for leisure after school decreased. Other programs should be launched to complement the limitations of this program.
Porting Hyperkernel to the ARM Architecture
Year: 2017

This work describes the porting of Hyperkernel, an x86 kernel, to the ARMv8 A architecture. Hyperkernel was created to demonstrate various OS design decisions that are amenable to push button verification. Hyperkernel simplifies reasoning about virtual memory by separating the kernel and user address spaces. In addition, Hyperkernel adopts an exokernel design to minimize code complexity, and thus its required proof burden. Both of Hyperkernel's design choices are accomplished through the use of x86 virtualization support. After developing an x86 prototype, advantageous design differences between x86 and ARM motivated us to port Hyperkernel to the ARMv8 A architecture. We explored these differences and benchmarked aspects of the new interface Hyperkernel provides on ARM to demonstrate that the ARM version of Hyperkernel should be explored further in the future. We also outline the ARMv8 A architecture and the various design challenges overcome to fit Hyperkernel within the ARM programming model.
Knowledge Sharing in Social Networking Sites: How Context Impacts Individuals' Social and Intrinsic Motivation to Contribute in Online Communities
Venue: AIS Trans. Hum. Comput. Interact.
Year: 2018

Knowledge sharing research in online communities has primarily focused on communities of practice and the social factors of knowledge sharing behavior in organizational contexts. Academic research has not rigorously examined non business oriented online communities as venues for facilitating knowledge sharing. Thus, in this paper, we address this research gap by examining the contextual roles of anonymity and community type on an individual's social and individual drivers of knowledge sharing attitude in social networking sites. Using social capital theory as a theoretical backbone, we propose and empirically validate a relational model through a survey of 329 users of Facebook, LinkedIn, and CNET. From analyzing the data with the partial least squares (PLS) method, we found strong explanatory power of the proposed research model. We discuss our study's implications for both research and practice.
Economy and architecture. The role of architecture in process of building the economic potential of space.
Year: 2012

For centuries architecture and the architectural objects constitute the characteristic landscape's elements of the particular land or region. They were a vivid illustration of the given culture's achievements, they constitute the aesthetics and engineering accomplishments of their time. Nevertheless in the last few decades a distinct transformation took place. Architecture is not only the reflection of the current state but it became an instrument in process of creating yet unexciting but carefully planned in marketing strategies economic potential of a space. While monitoring the tendencies occurring lately in global architecture and the urban design five essential parts of architecture as an economic device can be pointed out: 1/ architecture and space branding where the intentional designing of a particular, imagined picture of any defined space starts to be a way to impart it a new meaning; 2/ architecture and tourism destination where architecture can be utilized as a basic instrument to stimulate the tourism development in particular regions; 3/ consumerism where architecture becomes a device of the behavioural economics; 4/ corporate architecture where architecture is used to distinguish companies' image on the concurrence background thus to enhance their economic position on the market; 5/ architecture as an integrating and holding together factor in local communities. Nowadays architecture of the objects and spaces where contemporary people exist is underestimated. We just partly exploit architecture in a process of enhancing the economic potential of a particular space. Time to recognize and explore other qualities of architecture as a way of the innovative reality creation, to value abilities of creating the atmosphere stimulating the consumers behaviour leading to planned financial effects. Architecture as a device ample with the expression means supports creating the competitive advantages.
Significant usage of slab and wall form technique in industrialised building systems (IBS) for low cost highrise apartments construction
Year: 2006

The Industrialised Building Systems (IBS) concept adopted and applied during early sixties in Malaysia. The key reason in adopting this system essentially for housing construction is to enhance the development of low cost housing project for the lower income group. Using IBS will address issues such as quality, materials wastage, delays, dirty and hazardous worksites. In the structural classification of IBS, steel formworks are listed one of the traditional or common types of IBS. This master project conducted to study the basic concept, application and the significant usage of slab and wall form technique for low cost high rise apartment construction industry. The study further assessed the benefit of using slab and wall form technique in high rise low cost apartment construction. The methodology adopted for the study includes literature review, observation, interviews and using questionnaire survey. These questionnaires distributed to the respondents, which represent the professional in construction industry that have experience and knowledge on the slab and wall form technique technology and the construction procedure. The study evaluated the on ongoing and the completed project using this systems and established that this technique has the ability to reduce the time and labour involved in the project. Elemental cost analysis and cost simulation toward different types of formwork used to establish the justification of the significant usage of the tunnel form system as selected slab and wall form technique. The study concluded that the slab and wall form technique feasible alternative construction method that can improve construction industry with respect to the accomplishing better quality of works and increasing productivity. The study also determined that the adoption of this slab and wall form technique in the construction of the low cost high rise apartments greatly benefit the building industry in various aspects such as reducing the construction cost, better planning and design coordination, speed of construction, minimising manpower on site, better quality construction, environmentally friendly, and improved site safety
Key Route Planning Models of Natural Hot Spring Tourism in Coastal Cities
Venue: Journal of Coastal Research
Year: 2020

Zhu, Y. and Lan, S. 2020. Key route planning models of natural hot spring tourism in coastal cities.  Yang, Y. Mi, C. Zhao, L. and Lam, S. (eds. Global Topics and New Trends in Coastal Research: Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 103,  Coconut Creek (Florida) ISSN 0749 0208. The traditional route planning model of natural hot spring tourism takes a long time. In order to control the time and transportation cost of hot spring tourism, a coastal route planning model for natural hot spring tourism is proposed to plan the key routes. The route information format is set by filtering the natural hot spring tourist nodes in the coastal cities. Integrate the results of route planning and use multi objective optimization algorithms to find the key routes of natural hot spring tourism in coastal cities. At this point, the design of the key route planning model for natural hot spring tourism in coastal cities has been completed. The comparison experiment with the traditional model shows that the route planning results of this model take less time. In summary, the key route planning model for natural hot spring tourism in coastal cities is more complete.