nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Differentiated instruction in primary mathematics: Effects of teacher professional development on student achievement
Year: 2018

This large scale study examined the effects of a teacher professional development (PD) programme about differentiated instruction on students' mathematics achievement. Thirty primary schools (N 5658 students of grade 1 6) divided over three cohorts participated: Cohort 1 received the PD programme in Year 1, Cohort 2 in Year 2, and Cohort 3 was control. During the PD, teachers learned how to adapt mathematics education to diverse educational needs using within class ability groups. In Year 1, the PD had a significant small positive effect on student achievement growth. The effect size was similar for low achieving, average achieving and high achieving students. In Year 2, no significant effects were demonstrated. In sum, teacher PD about differentiation has the potential to promote the achievement of all students. However, implementing differentiation is not straightforward and future research is necessary to unravel which factors make PD about differentiation succeed.
Formation and enrichment mode of Jiaoshiba shale gas field, Sichuan Basin
Year: 2014

The Silurian Longmaxi shale gas play in Jiaoshiba Structure in the southeast margin of the Sichuan Basin is studied to discuss the key controlling factors of shale gas enrichment in complex tectonic zone with high evolution. Jiaoshiba Structure is a faulted anticline which experienced multiphase tectonic movements. The Longmaxi Formation has high thermal evolution degree with Ro more than 2.2% 35 45 meters thick high quality shale (TOC 2% in its lower part. The reservoir is overpressure with a pressure coefficient of 1.55, and the shale gas production and pressure are stable. Structure type, evolution and geochemical analyses show that there are several stages of hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation in the Longmaxi Formation. The joint action of two groups (two stages) of fault systems and the detachment surface at the bottom of the Longmaxi Formation control the development of reticular cracks and overpressure preservation, and it is the key to the shale gas accumulation and high yield. The sealed box like system in the Longmaxi Formation ensures the gas reservoir dynamic balance. The model of high yield and enrichment of Jiaoshiba shale gas play is "ladder migration, anticline accumulation, fault slip plane controlling fractures, and box shape reservoiring" Like in conventional gas plays, good preservation and tectonic conditions are also required to form high yield shale plays in areas which have complex structures, multi stage tectonic movements, and have high evolution shale.
Performance improvement of sacrificial anode cathodic protection system for above ground storage tank
Year: 2020

This study presents a controlled sacrificial anode (magnesium anodes) cathodic protection system for aboveground storage tanks. The proposed method is able to control the anode's current, which leads to enhance the performance of anodes, therefore, increase the anode's lifetime. The proposed system has been implemented in a laboratory based tank contains saline water (5661 ppm) In this experiment, the overprotection and anode energy loss were eliminated, and the anodes lifetime has been extended 35.55 times higher compared to the conventional system. The proposed method reduced the protection current and stabilized the system overall.
Harmonic losses of multi phase PWM inverter fed drives
Venue: 2009 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition
Year: 2009

Multi phase variable speed drives, supplied from two level voltage source inverters (VSIs) are currently considered for a number of industrial applications. While various multi phase PWM schemes had been developed, no detailed analysis of the impact of these schemes on harmonic losses (current ripple) has been reported. This paper presents a general analytical analysis and comparison of harmonic losses of two basic continuous PWM (CPWM) schemes aimed at sinusoidal output voltage generation with multi phase VSIs. The analysis utilizes the concept of multiple polygon connections, which exist for multi phase systems, and covers all multi phase topologies with an odd phase number and single neutral connection. General harmonics distortion factors (HDFs) of sinusoidal PWM (SPWM) and harmonic injection PWM (HIPWM) are determined and compared for various phase numbers. Theoretical findings are verified experimentally using a five phase induction motor drive.
La gestion de riesgos en la toma de decisiones de los agentes
Year: 2019

El presente documento tiene como objetivo presentar casos en los cuales los agentes involucrados enfrentaron situaciones en las cuales tomaron decisiones, las cuales no siempre fueron afortunadas. Asimismo, se presenta una breve discusion sobre la importancia de la gestion del riesgo, que deberia ser utilizada como una herramienta para la toma de decisiones, antes que como otra de las decisiones que tomamos los agentes. Con este proposito se discute y analiza la definicion de riesgo y conceptos relacionados
Research Methods for Education With Technology: Four Concerns, Examples, and Recommendations
Venue: Front. Educ.
Year: 2019

The success of education with technology research is in part because the field draws upon theories and methods from multiple disciplines. However, drawing upon multiple disciplines has drawbacks because sometimes the methodological expertise of each discipline is not applied when researchers conduct studies outside of their research training. The focus here is on research using methods drawn largely from psychology, for example, evaluating the impact of different systems on how students perform. The methodological concerns discussed are: low power; not using multilevel modeling; dichotomization; and inaccurate reporting of the numeric statistics. Examples are drawn from a recent set of proceedings. Recommendations, which are applicable throughout the social sciences, are made for each of these.
Prescription drug abuse: epidemiology, regulatory issues, chronic pain management with narcotic analgesics.
Venue: Primary care
Year: 2011

The epidemic of prescription drug abuse has reached a critical level, which has received national attention. This article provides insight into the epidemiology of prescription drug abuse, explains regulatory issues, and provides guidelines for the assessment and management of pain, particularly with long term opioid therapy. Using informed consent forms, treatment agreements, and risk documentation tools and regularly monitoring the 4 A's help to educate patients and guide management based on treatment goals. By using universal precautions, and being aware of aberrant behaviors, physicians may feel more confident in identifying and addressing problematic behaviors.
The Effects of Training Contingency Awareness During Attention Bias Modification on Learning and Stress Reactivity.
Venue: Behavior therapy
Year: 2017

Current attention bias modification (ABM) procedures are designed to implicitly train attention away from threatening stimuli with the hope of reducing stress reactivity and anxiety symptoms. However, the mechanisms underlying effective ABM delivery are not well understood, with awareness of the training contingency suggested as one possible factor contributing to ABM efficacy. Here, 45 high anxious participants were trained to divert attention away from threat in two ABM sessions. They were randomly assigned to one of three training protocols: an implicit protocol, comprising two standard implicit ABM training sessions; an explicit protocol, comprising two sessions with explicit instruction as to the attention training contingency; and an implicit explicit protocol, in which participants were not informed of the training contingency in the first ABM session and informed of it at the start of the second session. We examined learning processes and stress reactivity following a stress induction task. Results indicate that relative to implicit instructions, explicit instructions led to stronger learning during the first training session. Following rest, the explicit and implicit groups exhibited consolidation related improvement in performance, whereas no such improvement was noted for the implicit explicit group. Finally, although stress reactivity was reduced after training, contingency awareness did not yield a differential effect on stress reactivity measured using both self reports and skin conductance, within and across sessions. These results suggest that explicit ABM administration leads to greater initial learning during the training protocol while not differing from standard implicit administration in terms of off line learning and stress reactivity.
ResNet and Model Fusion for Automatic Spoofing Detection
Venue: INTERSPEECH
Year: 2017

Speaker verification systems have achieved great progress in recent years. Unfortunately, they are still highly prone to different kinds of spoofing attacks such as speech synthesis, voice conversion, and fake audio recordings etc. Inspired by the success of ResNet in image recognition, we investigated the effectiveness of using ResNet for automatic spoofing detection. Experimental results on the ASVspoof2017 data set show that ResNet performs the best among all the single model systems. Model fusion is a good way to further improve the system performance. Nevertheless, we found that if the same feature is used for different fused models, the resulting system can hardly be improved. By using different features and models, our best fused model further reduced the Equal Error Rate (EER) by 18% relatively, compared with the best single model system.
'Just 5 more minutes! Power dynamics in outdoor play
Year: 2019

This paper considers power dynamics between children, parents and early childhood educators in an outdoor environment. Drawing on sociocultural theory the paper considers how power is constructed and viewed in relation to children's play. The research focuses on three case study examples of outdoor social group play where power dynamics influence children's choices and decisions, how they respond and how they negotiate to follow their play interests. The paper considers some of the dilemmas and intricacies of power dynamics between children, adults and the environment exploring the way in which children navigate those situations so that they can achieve 'just 5 more minutes' playing.
Deep Impression: Audiovisual Deep Residual Networks for Multimodal Apparent Personality Trait Recognition
Venue: ECCV Workshops
Year: 2016

Here, we develop an audiovisual deep residual network for multimodal apparent personality trait recognition. The network is trained end to end for predicting the Big Five personality traits of people from their videos. That is, the network does not require any feature engineering or visual analysis such as face detection, face landmark alignment or facial expression recognition. Recently, the network won the third place in the ChaLearn First Impressions Challenge with a test accuracy of 0.9109.
Consolidated criteria for strengthening reporting of health research involving indigenous peoples: the CONSIDER statement
Venue: BMC Medical Research Methodology
Year: 2019

BackgroundResearch reporting guidelines are increasingly commonplace and shown to improve the quality of published health research and health outcomes. Despite severe health inequities among Indigenous Peoples and the potential for research to address the causes, there is an extended legacy of health research exploiting Indigenous Peoples. This paper describes the development of the CONSolIDated critERtia for strengthening the reporting of health research involving Indigenous Peoples (CONSIDER) statement.MethodsA collaborative prioritization process was conducted based on national and international statements and guidelines about Indigenous health research from the following nations (Peoples) Australia (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders) Canada (First Nations Peoples, Metis) Hawaii (Native Hawaiian) New Zealand (Maori) Taiwan (Taiwan Indigenous Tribes) United States of America (First Nations Peoples) and Northern Scandinavian countries (Sami) A review of seven research guidelines was completed, and meta synthesis was used to construct a reporting guideline checklist for transparent and comprehensive reporting of research involving Indigenous Peoples. list of 88 possible checklist items was generated, reconciled, and categorized. Eight research domains and 17 criteria for the reporting of research involving Indigenous Peoples were identified. The research reporting domains were: (i) governance; (ii) relationships; (iii) prioritization; (iv) methodologies; (v) participation; (vi) capacity; (vii) analysis and findings; and (viii) dissemination. CONSIDER statement is a collaborative synthesis and prioritization of national and international research statements and guidelines. The CONSIDER statement provides a checklist for the reporting of health research involving Indigenous peoples to strengthen research praxis and advance Indigenous health outcomes.
Effect of Ni on solidification of duplex low density steels
Venue: Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry
Year: 2020

Recently, low density Fe Mn Al C steels have attracted attention because of their low density with excellent combinations of strength and ductility. They can be divided into three categories: ferritic steels, duplex steels and austenitic steels, depending on the microstructure. The solidification of five duplex low density steels was investigated. Five steels Fe 15Mn 10Al 0.8C, Fe 15Mn 10Al 1.7Ni 0.8C, Fe 15Mn 10Al 3.9Ni 0.8C, Fe 15Mn 10Al 5.6Ni 0.8C and Fe 15Mn 10Al 8.6Ni 0.8C were produced in a vacuum induction furnace under Ar atmosphere and remelted in a simultaneous thermal analyser (NETZSCH STA 449 C Jupiter) The influence of Ni on the solidification process was analysed using thermodynamic calculations and differential scanning calorimetry. The samples were analysed by light microscopy. The thermodynamic modelling was performed with commercial software Thermo Calc using the CALPHAD method. The Thermo Calc calculations show a better agreement for the liquidus temperatures at lower Ni additions, while the higher Ni additions show a better agreement for the solidus temperatures. The Ni additions slightly increase the density, reduce the distance of the secondary dendrite arms and lower both the solidus and liquidus temperatures, but do not influence the solidification interval.
Zero Shot Audio Classification Via Semantic Embeddings
Venue: IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
Year: 2021

In this paper, we study zero shot learning in audio classification via semantic embeddings extracted from textual labels and sentence descriptions of sound classes. Our goal is to obtain a classifier that is capable of recognizing audio instances of sound classes that have no available training samples, but only semantic side information. We employ a bilinear compatibility framework to learn an acoustic semantic projection between intermediate level representations of audio instances and sound classes, i.e. acoustic embeddings and semantic embeddings. We use VGGish to extract deep acoustic embeddings from audio clips, and pre trained language models (Word2Vec, GloVe, BERT) to generate either label embeddings from textual labels or sentence embeddings from sentence descriptions of sound classes. Audio classification is performed by a linear compatibility function that measures how compatible an acoustic embedding and a semantic embedding are. We evaluate the proposed method on a small balanced dataset ESC 50 and a large scale unbalanced audio subset of AudioSet. The experimental results show that classification performance is significantly improved by involving sound classes that are semantically close to the test classes in training. Meanwhile, we demonstrate that both label embeddings and sentence embeddings are useful for zero shot learning. Classification performance is improved by concatenating label/sentence embeddings generated with different language models. With their hybrid concatenations, the results are improved further.
Distributed regularized least squares with flexible Gaussian kernels
Venue: Applied and Computational Harmonic Analysis
Year: 2021

We propose a distributed learning algorithm for least squares regression in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHSs) generated by flexible Gaussian kernels, based on a divide and conquer strategy. Our study demonstrates that Gaussian kernels with flexible variances greatly improve the learning performance of distributed algorithms generated by a fixed Gaussian. Under some mild conditions, we establish sharp error bounds for the distributed algorithm with labeled data in which the variance of the Gaussian kernel serves as a tuning parameter. We show that with suitably chosen parameters our error rates can be almost mini max optimal under the standard Sobolev smoothness condition on the target function. By utilizing additional information of unlabeled data for semi supervised learning, we relax the restrictions on the number of data partition and the range of the Sobolev smoothness index.
DIGITAL MAMMOGRAM ENHANCEMENT USING KAPUR MEASURE OF ENTROPY AND MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY
Year: 2013

Mammography is the most reliable, effective, low cost and highly sensitive method for early detection of breast cancer. Mammogram analysis usually refers to the processing of mammograms with the goal of finding abnormality presented in the mammogram. Mammogram enhancement is one of the most critical tasks in automatic mammogram image analysis. Main purpose of mammogram enhancement is to enhance the contrast of details and subtle features while suppressing the background heavily. In this paper, a hybrid approach is proposed to enhance the contrast of microcalcifications while suppressing the background heavily, using fuzzy logic and mathematical morphology. First, mammogram is fuzzified using Gaussian fuzzy membership function whose bandwidth is computed using Kapur measure of entropy. After this, mathematical morphology is applied on fuzzified mammogram. Mathematical morphology provides tools for the extraction of microcalcifications even if the microcalcifications are located on a nonuniform background.
Use of Spreader Flaps Without Dorsal Hump Reduction and the Effect on Nasal Function
Venue: JAMA facial plastic surgery
Year: 2017

Importance Internal nasal valve (INV) collapse is a common cause of nasal obstruction, and spreader grafts are the established standard of treatment. Recently, spreader flaps have gained attention in the treatment of nasal valve stenosis when performed in conjunction with dorsal hump reduction. To date, the efficacy of the spreader flap technique without dorsal hump reduction has not been previously described.  To determine whether spreader flaps are equivalent to spreader grafts in correcting INV collapse in the absence of simultaneous dorsal hump reduction.  This retrospective medical record review included 26 patients with nasal obstruction and INV collapse who underwent correction with spreader flaps or spreader grafts concurrently with septoplasty and inferior turbinate reduction but without dorsal hump reduction. The type of graft placed was based on surgeon preference and patient anatomy. Patients were treated at a tertiary academic medical center from September 1, 2012, through August 31, 2014, and had follow up of at least 6 months. Follow up was completed for this study on August 12, 2016.  All patients completed the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. The latest postoperative NOSE score was compared with the preoperative score.  Among the 26 patients included (12 men and 14 women; mean age, 38.4 years [range, 18 64 years] 13 underwent spreader flap placement and 13 underwent spreader graft placement. No difference was found between patient demographic characteristics or mean (SD) preoperative NOSE score (spreader flap group, 81.9 [15.8] range, 72.4 91.4; spreader graft group, 75.4 [19.3] range, 63.7 87.1) between groups. In addition, no difference was found in mean (SD) postoperative NOSE score (spreader flap group, 18.5 [21.6] range, 5.4 31.5; spreader graft group, 16.9 [16.4] range, 7.0 26.8) total NOSE score improvement (spreader flap group, 63.5 [23.5] range, 49.3 77.7; spreader graft group, 58.5 [27.8] range, 41.7 75.3) or percentage of improvement in NOSE score (spreader flap group, 78.0% [23.8% range, 63.6% 92.4% spreader graft group, 76.02% [26.31% range, 60.1% 91.9% between groups.  In appropriately selected patients, spreader flaps are equivalent to spreader grafts in correcting nasal obstruction secondary to INV collapse.
Adult Foreign Language Learners' Goals for a Writing Task
Year: 2009

The present study examined the goals that 103 adult Japanese learners of English as a foreign language set for a specific writing task, asking participants to report their goals for the task before they engaged in it. The importance of goal setting has been recognized in the field of educational psychology (Zimmerman, 2008) and second language motivation and writing research (Cumming, 2006d; Cumming, Busch, Zhou, 2002; Dornyei, 2001c) In the current study students set rhetoric and linguistic goals for a writing task most. Previous instructions and a prompt of composition influenced students' goals for a subsequent writing task.
Design of Transonic Single Stage Axial Compressor Test Rig
Year: 2014

For the study of transonic axial compressor blade fouling formation mechanism,in view of the present axial compressor test rig blade which was fixed or just the low speed rotor test rig,using Particle Image Velocimetry(Particle Image Velocimetry,technology,and according to the performance parameters of NASA Rotor37,it designed a transonic single stage axial compressor test rig to precisely capture the distribution of flow field in the blade passage. The test rig adopted frequency conversion motor to provide power,inlet and outlet section set pressure sensor and temperature sensor,and inlet also set a flow orifice and throttle. Testing data was automatically collected and processed by industrial control computer,the test rig can measure axial compressor speed,mass flow,import and export temperature and pressure,and can measure compressor rotor blade passage flow field of phase lock by the PIV system. This test rig is multifunctional,it can also be used for unsteady flow,vortex,shock wave and other complex flow study in transonic compressor.
Accelerated Singular Value Decomposition (ASVD) using momentum based Gradient Descent Optimization
Venue: J. King Saud Univ. Comput. Inf. Sci.
Year: 2021

The limitations of neighborhood based Collaborative Filtering (CF) techniques over scalable and sparse data present obstacle for efficient recommendation systems. These techniques show poor accuracy and dismal speed in generating recommendations. Model based matrix factorization is an alternative approach use to overcome aforementioned limitations of CF. Singular value decomposition (SVD) is widely used technique to get low rank factors of rating matrix and use Gradient Descent (GD) or Alternative Least Square (ALS) for optimization of its error objective function. Most researchers have focused on the accuracy of predictions but they did not accumulate the convergence rate of learning approach. In this paper, we propose a new filtering technique that implements SVD using Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) optimization and provides an accelerated version of SVD for fast convergence of learning parameters with improved classification accuracy. Our proposed method accelerates SVD in the right direction and dampens oscillation by adding a momentum value in parameters updates. To support our claim, we have tested our proposed model against the famed real world datasets (MovieLens100k, FilmTrust and YahooMovie) The proposed Accelerated Singular Value Decomposition (ASVD) outperformed the existing models and achieved higher convergence rate and better classification accuracy.