nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Cerebrovascular Disease in Patients with COVID 19: A Review of the Literature and Case Series
Venue: Case Reports in Neurology
Year: 2020

COVID 19 has been associated with a hypercoagulable state causing cardiovascular and neurovascular complications. To further characterize cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in COVID 19, we review the current literature of published cases and additionally report the clinical presentation, laboratory and diagnostic testing results of 12 cases with COVID 19 infection and concurrent CVD from two academic medical centers in Houston, TX, USA, between March 1 and May 10, 2020. To date, there are 12 case studies reporting 47 cases of CVD in COVID 19. However, only 4 small case series have described the clinical and laboratory findings in patients with COVID 19 and concurrent stroke. Viral neurotropism, endothelial dysfunction, coagulopathy and inflammation are plausible proposed mechanisms of CVD in COVID 19 patients. In our case series of 12 patients, 10 patients had an ischemic stroke, of which 1 suffered hemorrhagic transformation and two had intracerebral hemorrhage. Etiology was determined to be embolic without a clear cause identified in 6 ischemic stroke patients, while the remaining had an identifiable source of stroke. The majority of the patients had elevated inflammatory markers such as D dimer and interleukin 6. In patients with embolic stroke of unclear etiology, COVID 19 may have played a direct or indirect role in the processes that eventually led to the strokes while in the remaining cases, it is unclear if infection contributed partially or was an incidental finding.
Effect of stearic acid modified HAp nanoparticles in different solvents on the properties of Pickering emulsions and HAp/PLLA composites.
Venue: Materials science engineering. C, Materials for biological applications
Year: 2017

Stearic acid (Sa) was used to modify the surface properties of hydroxyapatite (HAp) in different solvents (water, ethanol or dichloromethane(CH2Cl2) Effect of different solvents on the properties of HAp particles (activation ratio, grafting ratio, chemical properties) emulsion properties (emulsion stability, emulsion type, droplet morphology) as well as the cured materials (morphology, average pore size) were studied. FT IR and XPS results confirmed the interaction occurred between stearic acid and HAp particles. Stable O/W and W/O type Pickering emulsions were prepared using unmodified and Sa modified HAp nanoparticles respectively, which indicated a catastrophic inversion of the Pickering emulsion happened possibly because of the enhanced hydrophobicity of HAp particles after surface modification. Porous materials with different structures and pore sizes were obtained using Pickering emulsion as the template via in situ evaporation solvent method. The results indicated the microstructures of cured samples are different form each other when HAp was surface modified in different solvents. HAp particles fabricated using ethanol as solvent has higher activation ratio and grafting ratio. Pickering emulsion with higher stability and cured porous materials with uniform morphology were obtained compared with samples prepared using water and CH2Cl2 as solvents. In conclusion, surface modification of HAp in different solvents played a very important role for its stabilized Pickering emulsion as well as the microstructure of cured samples. It is better to use ethanol as the solvent for Sa modified HAp particles, which could increase the stability of Pickering emulsion and obtain cured samples with uniform pore size.
Triple bottom line: sustainability in amblyopia care
Venue: Eye
Year: 2016

Sustainability of healthcare is one of the guiding principles of Vision 2020 on the path to eliminating avoidable blindness1 and is actively promoted by the Royal College of Ophthalmologists. Sustainability involves balancing economic, environmental, and social outcomes and demands; this is the 'triple aim divided by the triple bottom line' High value healthcare should incur minimal economic and environmental impact. Previous work has used this framework to evaluate cataract surgery.2,3 Attending hospital eye services (HES) can be difficult for families who often have several children to look after. In the amblyopia treatment pathway, many appointments for amblyopia treatment can safely be provided by orthoptist led clinics. In our setting, protocols allow our HES and the orthoptist led community clinics (CCs) offered by the local community healthcare provider to work seamlessly, so that most amblyopia appointments can take place in CCs. In addition to our regular clinical audits, we aimed to measure the impact of service provision on the 'triple bottom line' We compared the distance families travel to attend the HES (n= 92) and three CCs (n= 71) and the time spent in the clinic (appointment or arrival time to departure time, using the shorter of the two) during one week in November 2015 and one week in March/April 2016. The median distance families travelled to the HES clinic was 6.4 miles (interquartile range IQR 2.5 12.4) and to a CC 3.7 miles (IQR 1.1 5.1)  The median time in clinic was 82 min for HES (IQR 55 to 107) and 20 min
Pola komunikasi organisasi antara atasan dan bawahan di PT. Dwikarya Prasetya Nusantara Surabaya
Year: 2019

Dalam penelitian ini, penulis ingin meneliti tentang bagaimana pola komunikasi organisasi antara pimpinan dan karyawan di PT. Dwikarya Prasetya Nusantara. Peneltian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola komunikasinya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif secara deskriptif. Teori yang di gunakan adalah Teori Kebutuhan Hubungan Interpersonal.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola komunikasi yang digunakan adalah pola roda(wheel),pola rantai,pola lingkaran dan pola bintang yakni pimpinan yang ingin menyampaikan informasi kepada karyawan tidak langsung ke karyawan tetapi melalui kepala departemen, hal ini karena perusahaan PT. Dwikarya Prasetya Nusantara sudah terstruktur. Faktor pendukung yaitu adanya komunikasi yang terbuka oleh pimpinan kepada karyawan.Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah dalam melakukan penyampaian informasi lebih dimaksimalkan kepada karyawan.Direktur/wakil direktur selaku atasan agar lebih mampu meningkatkan keefektifan berkomunikasi pada karyawan untuk menciptakan situasi yang selaras demi tercapainya tujuan bersama.
Hydraulic Fracture Propagation Across a Weak Discontinuity Controlled by Fluid Injection
Year: 2013

We investigated the problem of a hydraulic fracture propagation through a weakly cohesive frictional discontinuity for different conditions of fracture toughness, in situ stresses, fracture intersection angle, injection parameters and permeability of the pre existing fracture. The parametric sensitivity of the fracture interaction process, in terms of crossing versus arresting of the hydraulic fracture at the discontinuity, was performed using numerical simulations through an extensive parameter space representative of hydraulic fracturing field conditions. The effect of the pre existing fracture permeability on the crossing behavior was analyzed using a simple analytical model. We showed that the injection rate and viscosity of fracturing fluid are the key parameters controlling the crossing/non crossing interaction behavior, in addition to already known fracture interaction angle and in situ stress parameters. We have also found that the pre existing fracture hydraulic aperture, when as large as that of the hydraulic fracture aperture, has significant influence on the interaction and may more likely cause the hydraulic fracture to arrest.
On the Convergence of the Dynamic Inner PCA Algorithm
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

Dynamic inner principal component analysis (DiPCA) is a powerful method for the analysis of time dependent multivariate data. DiPCA extracts dynamic latent variables that capture the most dominant temporal trends by solving a large scale, dense, and nonconvex nonlinear program (NLP) A scalable decomposition algorithm has been recently proposed in the literature to solve these challenging NLPs. The decomposition algorithm performs well in practice but its convergence properties are not well understood. In this work, we show that this algorithm is a specialized variant of a coordinate maximization algorithm. This observation allows us to explain why the decomposition algorithm might work (or not) in practice and can guide improvements. We compare the performance of the decomposition strategies with that of the off the shelf solver Ipopt. The results show that decomposition is more scalable and, surprisingly, delivers higher quality solutions.
A Chemically Inducible Gene Expression System and Its Application to Inducible Gene Suppression in Rice
Year: 2012

The viability of the estrogen receptor (ER) based chemically inducible gene expression system LexA VP16 ER (XVE) in combination with the site specific DNA recombination Cre/loxP system in rice was examined using transgenic plants introduced with a plasmid vector pUH GFP2 that controls the expression of a green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene. b estradiol applied to the germinating seeds of the transgenic plants, successfully induced the mRNA expression of the GFP gene. Inducible gene suppression was also tested by replacing the GFP gene by an RNAi cassette; this cassette targeted OsSPS1, a gene encoding sucrose phosphate synthase. When the RNAi plants were treated with the inducer, the transcript levels of OsSPS1 decreased. Concomitantly, the plant length became shorter or the sucrose/starch molar ratio in the leaf blades decreased, suggesting the successful suppression of the target gene. Finally, the utility and remaining problems of this inducible expression system are discussed.
Proektirovanie vysokoskorostnykh sovmeshchionnykh avtomobil'nykh i zheleznykh dorog
Year: 2017

[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF File (English version follows Russian version).ABSTRACT The article considers the problems of construction of high speed combined motor roads and railways in Russia. The design of these objects requires special attention, since the object itself is a complex transport system, each element of which requires increased operational reliability. Therefore when designing combined roads a full accounting of natural and man made impacts on engineering structures is requi red. On the basis of the studies, recommendations are given on the methodology of design works and geological surveys, the question is raised about the need to update the accompanying legal framework.  high speed combined roads, engineering and geological surveys, design, construction, highway, railway, transport system.
High expression of Bcl 2 protein predicts favorable outcome in non small cell lung cancer: evidence from a systematic review and meta analysis.
Venue: Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention APJCP
Year: 2014

The prognostic value of Bcl 2 protein expression in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is under debate. We therefore systematically reviewed the evidence for Bcl 2 protein effects on NSCLC survival to elucidate this issue.  An electronic search in Pubmed and Embase complemented by manual searches in article references were conducted to identify eligible studies to evaluate the association between Bcl 2 protein expression and overall survival (OS) as well as disease free survival (DFS) of NSCLC patients. Combined hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were pooled using the random effects model.  A total of 50 trials (including 52 cohorts) encompassing 7,765 patients were pooled in the meta analysis regarding Bcl 2 expression and OS of NSCLC patients. High expression of Bcl 2 protein had a favorable impact (HR=0.76, 95%CI=0.67 0.86) In the group of Bcl 2 expression and DFS, 11 studies including 2,634 patients were included. The synthesized result indicated high expression of Bcl 2 protein might predict good DFS (HR=0.85, 95%CI=0.75 0.95)  Our present meta analysis demonstrated favorable prognostic values of Bcl 2 expression in patients with NSCLC. Further prospective trails are welcomed to validate the utility of assessing Bcl 2 in NSCLC patient management.
A typology of written corrective feedback types
Year: 2008

As a basis for a systematic approach to investigating the effects of written corrective feedback, this article presents a typology of the different types available to teachers and researchers. The typology distinguishes two sets of options relating to (1) strategies for providing feedback (for example, direct, indirect, or metalinguistic feedback) and (2) the students' response to the feedback (for example, revision required, attention to correction only required) Each option is illustrated and relevant research examined.
Matching Categorical Object Representations in Inferior Temporal Cortex of Man and Monkey
Venue: Neuron
Year: 2008

Inferior temporal (IT) object representations have been intensively studied in monkeys and humans, but representations of the same particular objects have never been compared between the species. Moreover, IT's role in categorization is not well understood. Here, we presented monkeys and humans with the same images of real world objects and measured the IT response pattern elicited by each image. In order to relate the representations between the species and to computational models, we compare response pattern dissimilarity matrices. IT response patterns form category clusters, which match between man and monkey. The clusters correspond to animate and inanimate objects; within the animate objects, faces and bodies form subclusters. Within each category, IT distinguishes individual exemplars, and the within category exemplar similarities also match between the species. Our findings suggest that primate IT across species may host a common code, which combines a categorical and a continuous representation of objects.
Catching up on slip focal adhesion composition and mechanosensing
Year: 2014

Unlike slip bonds, catch bonds experience reinforcement under tension. Cell adheres to the surface, using integrins forming both catch and slip bonds with the surface receptors. How will the catch and slip bonds interact with each other on a single adhesion scale? How does the intracellular structure vary depending on the extracellular matrix stiffness? I discuss the implications of single catch bond characteristics for the behavior of a load sharing cluster of such bonds: these are shown to possess a regime of strengthening with increasing applied force, similar to the manner in which focal adhesions become selectively reinforced. In addition, I present numerical simulations of mixtures of catch and slip bonds within single focal adhesion, and propose a model of how they can influence cytoskeletal reorganization, force generation and adhesion growth, interacting indirectly through applied force. Our results may shed new light on the fundamental processes that allow cells to sense the mechanical properties of their environment and in particular show how single focal adhesions may act, autonomously, as local rigidity sensors.
Tramadol: seizures, serotonin syndrome, and coadministered antidepressants.
Venue: Psychiatry (Edgmont (Pa. Township)
Year: 2009

This ongoing column is dedicated to the challenging clinical interface between psychiatry and primary care two fields that are inexorably linked.Tramadol (Ultram((r) is a commonly prescribed analgesic because of its relatively lower risk of addiction and better safety profile in comparison with other opiates. However, two significant adverse reactions are known to potentially occur with tramadol seizures and serotonin syndrome. These two adverse reactions may develop during tramadol monotherapy, but appear much more likely to emerge during misuse/overdose as well as with the coadministration of other drugs, particularly antidepressants. In this article, we review the data relating to tramadol, seizures, and serotonin syndrome. This pharmacologic intersection is of clear relevance to both psychiatrists and primary care clinicians.
Argument Labeling of Explicit Discourse Relations using LSTM Neural Networks
Venue: RANLP
Year: 2017

Argument labeling of explicit discourse relations is a challenging task. The state of the art systems achieve slightly above 55% F measure but require hand crafted features. In this paper, we propose a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) based model for argument labeling. We experimented with multiple configurations of our model. Using the PDTB dataset, our best model achieved an F1 measure of 23.05% without any feature engineering. This is significantly higher than the 20.52% achieved by the state of the art RNN approach, but significantly lower than the feature based state of the art systems. On the other hand, because our approach learns only from the raw dataset, it is more widely applicable to multiple textual genres and languages.
Zero Shot Instance Segmentation
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2021

Deep learning has significantly improved the precision of instance segmentation with abundant labeled data. However, in many areas like medical and manufacturing, collecting sufficient data is extremely hard and labeling this data requires high professional skills. We follow this motivation and propose a new task set named zero shot instance segmentation (ZSI) In the training phase of ZSI, the model is trained with seen data, while in the testing phase, it is used to segment all seen and unseen instances. We first formulate the ZSI task and propose a method to tackle the challenge, which consists of Zero shot Detector, Semantic Mask Head,  Aware RPN and Synchronized Background Strategy. We present a new benchmark for zero shot instance segmentation based on the MS COCO dataset. The extensive empirical results in this benchmark show that our method not only surpasses the state of the art results in zero shot object detection task but also achieves promising performance on ZSI. Our approach will serve as a solid baseline and facilitate future research in zero shot instance segmentation. Code available at ZSI.
Alternative Trading Systems in Europe: Trading Performance by European Venues Post MiFID, 2010 Update
Venue: The Journal of Trading
Year: 2011

The authors examine the execution efficiency of European trading venues following the implementation of the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID) The current study updates and complements previous work based on 2009 data by using information from the first ten months of 2010. They focus on transactions costs incurred by investors across primary markets, displayed multilateral trading facilities (MTFs) and dark pools. Dark pools continue to add significant value relative to primary markets and MTFs. Transaction costs in dark pools are 13% lower than those of regulated primary markets and 18% lower relative to those of displayed MTFs. MTFs exhibit average costs that are 5% higher than those of primary markets, reversing a finding from 2009. This result is largely due to improvements in trading costs at the primary exchanges over the past year. Primary exchanges appear increasingly efficient in the face of the growth in dark pool activity, which also has not harmed the performance of alternative displayed markets. Finally, aggregate dark pool results disguise significant performance differences between them, with new entrants and pools operated by displayed MTFs displaying the worst performance.
Algorithmic Regulation: A Critical Interrogation
Year: 2017

Innovations in networked digital communications technologies, including the rise of "Big Data," ubiquitous computing, and cloud storage systems, may be giving rise to a new system of social ordering known as algorithmic regulation. Algorithmic regulation refers to decisionmaking systems that regulate a domain of activity in order to manage risk or alter behavior through continual computational generation of knowledge by systematically collecting data (in real time on a continuous basis) emitted directly from numerous dynamic components pertaining to the regulated environment in order to identify and, if necessary, automatically refine (or prompt refinement of) the system's operations to attain a pre specified goal. This study provides a descriptive analysis of algorithmic regulation, classifying these decisionmaking systems as either reactive or pre emptive, and offers a taxonomy that identifies eight different forms of algorithmic regulation based on their configuration at each of the three stages of the cybernetic process: notably, at the level of standard setting (adaptive vs. fixed behavioral standards) information gathering and monitoring (historic data vs. predictions based on inferred data) and at the level of sanction and behavioral change (automatic execution vs. recommender systems) It maps the contours of several emerging debates surrounding algorithmic regulation, drawing upon insights from regulatory governance studies, legal critiques, surveillance studies, and critical data studies to highlight various concerns about the legitimacy of algorithmic regulation.
Fluid mixing in a swirl inducing microchannel with square and T shaped cross sections
Year: 2017

This study investigated micromixers formed by a T junction and a mixing channel consisting of serial modules formed by appropriately arranging the subsections with right shifted T shaped, left shifted T shaped and square cross sections. The T shaped cross sections are constructed by protrusions and indentations on the channel wall. The variation of shape and size of the channel cross section may induce a strong swirl structure of flow to enhance fluid mixing. Four parameters (the lengths of the three aforementioned subsections and the sequence of modules) were selected to optimize the micromixer, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) together with Taguchi method was applied to select the values of the parameters. Then, the micromixer was fabricated by a lithography process and the mixing of pure DI water and a solution of Rhodamine B in DI water in the micromixer was observed by using a confocal spectral microscope imaging system. The numerical and experimental results, compared to those of a straight channel with the same hydrodynamic diameter, show that the novel micromixer with the deliberately designed geometry with a hydrodynamic diameter equal to 120 mm enhances fluid mixing efficiently at relatively low Reynolds numbers (0.01 10) corresponding to the mean velocities from 0.000081 to 0.081 m/s. The effects of the four parameters on fluid mixing in the proposed micromixer are examined by CFD simulation.
Model Predictive Policy Learning with Uncertainty Regularization for Driving in Dense Traffic
Venue: ICLR
Year: 2019

Learning a policy using only observational data is challenging because the distribution of states it induces at execution time may differ from the distribution observed during training. We propose to train a policy by unrolling a learned model of the environment dynamics over multiple time steps while explicitly penalizing two costs: the original cost the policy seeks to optimize, and an uncertainty cost which represents its divergence from the states it is trained on. We measure this second cost by using the uncertainty of the dynamics model about its own predictions, using recent ideas from uncertainty estimation for deep networks. We evaluate our approach using a large scale observational dataset of driving behavior recorded from traffic cameras, and show that we are able to learn effective driving policies from purely observational data, with no environment interaction.