nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling Clustered Scale free Networks by Applying Various Preferential Attachment Patterns
Year: 2018

Preferential attachment phenomenon is a key factor providing scale free behavior in complex networks. In this study, we introduced various preferential attachment patterns applied in a growing Barabasi Albert network, denoted by a factor a. We first generated networks under constant preferential attachment levels from 0 to 2, where 1 stands for linear preferential attachment. Then we performed network simulations under uniformly distributed random a condition, within the interval [0,2] Although mean a is 1 for this setup, generated networks displayed greater clustering together with lower modularity and separation values compared to the setup with a=1. We also performed similar network generation procedures with various distribution functions applied for a, each resulting random levels of preferential attachment. We achieved networks with power law consistent degree distributions with g coefficients between 2 and 3, together with improved clustering coefficients up to ~0.3. As a result, scale free network topologies featuring greater clustering levels compared to pure Barabasi Albert model are achieved.
Evaluating Overfit and Underfit in Models of Network Community Structure
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
Year: 2020

A common graph mining task is community detection, which seeks an unsupervised decomposition of a network into groups based on statistical regularities in network connectivity. Although many such algorithms exist, community detection's No Free Lunch theorem implies that no algorithm can be optimal across all inputs. However, little is known in practice about how different algorithms over or underfit to real networks, or how to reliably assess such behavior across algorithms. Here, we present a broad investigation of over and underfitting across 16 state of the art community detection algorithms applied to a novel benchmark corpus of 572 structurally diverse real world networks. We find that (i) algorithms vary widely in the number and composition of communities they find, given the same input; (ii) algorithms can be clustered into distinct high level groups based on similarities of their outputs on real world networks; (iii) algorithmic differences induce wide variation in accuracy on link based learning tasks; and, (iv) no algorithm is always the best at such tasks across all inputs. Finally, we quantify each algorithm's overall tendency to over or underfit to network data using a theoretically principled diagnostic, and discuss the implications for future advances in community detection.
Designing with AI for Digital Marketing
Venue: UMAP
Year: 2020

We present an interactive user interface that allows digital marketing professionals to have real time access to insights from a back end AI that predicts potential click through rates of composed content based on similar past campaigns. We wanted to investigate the extent to which digital marketing professionals would find our system usable and useful and whether or not the advice our system generated would create content that had higher click through rates than content developed without the system's advice. Our framework decomposes aspects of prior campaigns into features including image quality, memorability, and placement; and text readability, formality and sentiment. We show our algorithm has high predictive value on a historical test set (AUC .80) that digital marketing professionals give the system an overall high satisfaction rating and that, using the advice of the AI agent, we can generate content that creates up to 22% click through rate lift on a 700 A/B preference tasks given to master workers on AMT.
Attention Reduces Spatial Uncertainty in Human Ventral Temporal Cortex
Venue: Current Biology
Year: 2015

Ventral temporal cortex (VTC) is the latest stage of the ventral "what" visual pathway, which is thought to code the identity of a stimulus regardless of its position or size [1, 2] Surprisingly, recent studies show that position information can be decoded from VTC [3 5] However, the computational mechanisms by which spatial information is encoded in VTC are unknown. Furthermore, how attention influences spatial representations in human VTC is also unknown because the effect of attention on spatial representations has only been examined in the dorsal "where" visual pathway [6 10] Here, we fill these significant gaps in knowledge using an approach that combines functional magnetic resonance imaging and sophisticated computational methods. We first develop a population receptive field (pRF) model [11, 12] of spatial responses in human VTC. Consisting of spatial summation followed by a compressive nonlinearity, this model accurately predicts responses of individual voxels to stimuli at any position and size, explains how spatial information is encoded, and reveals a functional hierarchy in VTC. We then manipulate attention and use our model to decipher the effects of attention. We find that attention to the stimulus systematically and selectively modulates responses in VTC, but not early visual areas. Locally, attention increases eccentricity, size, and gain of individual pRFs, thereby increasing position tolerance. However, globally, these effects reduce uncertainty regarding stimulus location and actually increase position sensitivity of distributed responses across VTC. These results demonstrate that attention actively shapes and enhances spatial representations in the ventral visual pathway.
A Novel Micromixer with Fractal Obstacles Designed Based on Generalized Murray's Law
Year: 2020

In this paper, we designed tree like branch structures with two levels according to generalized Murray's law, and set them as obstacles in microchannels. The influence of the mixing performance of the micromixer was studied by changing the geometry sizes of obstacles, the branch angles and the distances between obstacles. The mixing performance of micromixer was analyzed from three aspects, including mixing efficiency, flow behavior, and pressure drop.We designed three different obstacles A, B, and C, the micromixer with obstacle C has the highest mixing efficiency. For the distances of obstacles, the micromixer with smaller distance has the higher mixing efficiency. The micromixer with branch angle of 75deg has the highest mixing efficiency in the range of Reynolds number (Re) 0.1 to 150.
Studies on Transgressive Segregation in F2 Generation in Deshi Cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.
Venue: International Journal of Pure Applied Bioscience
Year: 2019

The identification of transgressive segregants for economically important trait such as seed cotton yield along with quality is an important aspect of any practical breeding programme. The F2 of three diverse cotton (Gossypium spp. crosses were evaluated for the number of transgressive segregation. The experimental material consisted of six diverse parents involving three crosses. Female parent's viz. JLA 794, AKA 7 and PA 183 were crossed with male parents viz.,JLA 505, PA 255 and PA 710. The F2 of cross JLA 794 x JLA 505 exhibited the highest frequency of transgressive segregants for seed cotton yield per plant (39) followed by AKA 7 x PA 255 (32) and PA 183 x PA 710 (26) Plant No. 92 (F2) was the most transgressive sergeant in cross no. one (JLA 794 x JLA 505) for seed cotton yield, recording 82.2% higher seed cotton yield in addition to higher intensity of expression for sympodia per plant, bolls per plant and ginning percentage. The transgressive segregants in plant no. 42 was the most promising in cross no.two (AKA 7 x PA 255) which out yielded the parent by 79.7% in addition to higher intensity of expression for sympodia per plant, bolls per plant, average boll weight and ginning percentage. In cross three (PA 183 x PA 710) plant no. 103 out yielded the increasing parent by 82.87% in addition to higher intensity of expression for sympodia per plant, bolls per plant and halo length.
Repeat Analysis and Incurred Sample Reanalysis: Recommendation for Best Practices and Harmonization from the Global Bioanalysis Consortium Harmonization Team
Venue: The AAPS Journal
Year: 2014

The A7 harmonization team (A7 HT) a part of the Global Bioanalysis Consortium (GBC) focused on reviewing best practices for repeat analysis and incurred sample reanalysis (ISR) as applied during regulated bioanalysis. With international representation from Europe, Latin America, North America, and the Asia Pacific region, the team first collated common practices and guidance recommendations and assessed their suitability from both a scientific and logistical perspective. Subsequently, team members developed best practice recommendations and refined them through discussions and presentations with industry experts at scientific meetings. This review summarizes the team findings and best practice recommendations. The few topics where no consensus could be reached are also discussed. The A7 HT recommendations, together with those from the other GBC teams, provide the basis for future international harmonization of regulated bioanalytical practices.
UTILIZATION OF SESAME PROCESSING BYPRODUCTS IN PREPARING SOME FUNCTIONAL BAKERY PRODUCTS
Year: 2018

his study aimed to utilize defatted sesame oil cake (DSC) and sieved sesame waste from tahini processing (SSWPT) to improve the nutritional value of two types of crackers, wheat crackers and corn crackers (free gluten) for celiac disease patient. The sesame processing wastes were evaluated for their safety by aflatoxin determination. Also these products were tested for water holding capacity and oil holding capacity for evaluation of their suitability to produce crackers. Chemical, physical and sensory evaluation to assess the nutritional and technological qualities of produced crackers were conducted. The results showed that sesame processing by products were safe, they had not aflatoxin, also they had good water holding capacity and oil holding capacity. The DSC and SSWPT contain high considerable amount of protein (30.3 and 29.5% crud fiber (11.54 and12 ash (10.53 and 5.67% and phenolic compounds (432 and (975 mg gallic/100g on dry matter respectively. The DSC and SSWPT showing high antioxidant activity.The results of the nutritional quality of wheat crackers and corn crackers indicated that significant increase in protein, crude fiber and minerals while the supplementation caused a decrease in total carbohydrates and caloric value comparing to the control. The acceptance rating score of crackers samples were highly accepted by panelists without significant difference with the control for two types of crackers. Wheat and corn crackers samples containing 20 sesame sieved waste exhibited the best nutritional and technological qualities were highly ranked for overall liking of panelists. Peroxide value measurements indicated that the supplemented wheat crackers and supplemented corn crackers were lower in peroxide value compared to the control samples, so that we predicted the stability and keeping safety and quality of crackers. It could be concluded that using the sesame processing by products in wheat crackers and free gluten crackers as a valuable food addition enriched nutritional qualities of these products.
Politicas de fomento para la incorporacion de las tecnologias digitales en las micro, pequenas y medianas empresas de America Latina: revision de experiencias y oportunidades
Year: 2020

La apropiacion efectiva de las tecnologias de la informacion y las comunicaciones (TIC) conlleva una modificacion del modelo de negocio a traves del aprovechamiento de productos, servicios y soluciones digitales. Este proceso requiere de politicas de apoyo que vayan mas alla del acceso a la red y del uso basico de Internet y que busquen la transformacion de los distintos ambitos del quehacer empresarial. El presente documento tiene por objetivo hacer un recuento de las politicas relacionadas al desarrollo de las TIC en nueve paises de la region (Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico y Peru) con el fin de identificar las iniciativas que promueven estrategias dirigidas especificamente a apoyar la transformacion digital de las micro, pequenas y medianas empresas (mipymes)
Restorative Treatment in Patients with Amelogenesis Imperfecta: A Review
Venue: Journal of prosthodontics official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists
Year: 2018

To summarize the contemporary scientific evidence available regarding restorative dental treatment in patients with Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) METHODS An electronic literature search was conducted using the search term "Amelogenesis imperfecta" and the PubMed/MEDLINE database as well as Google Scholar. Prospective and retrospective clinical studies that investigated the outcome of direct and/or indirect dental restorative treatment in patients with AI, were published in English, and had an observation time of at least 1 year were included in this review. The articles identified were screened and analyzed by two reviewers according to inclusion and exclusion criteria in three review rounds.  Six prospective or retrospective clinical studies analyzing longevity and complications associated with dental restorative treatment in patients with AI met the inclusion criteria. Extracted data suggest that in patients with AI, indirect restorations feature superior predictability and longevity than direct restorations.  As endodontic complications were infrequently observed and periodontal parameters regularly improve with the insertion of indirect restorations, dental treatment in patients with AI should focus on indirect restorations as soon as possible. While adhesive bonding techniques to enamel surfaces in patients with AI feature merely limited predictability and longevity and as the available data is scarce, further laboratory and clinical studies should be performed to investigate the performance of minimally invasive indirect restorations bonded to enamel in patients with AI.  Scientific evidence indicates that indirect restorations should be preferred over direct restorations in patients with AI.
Practical application of 1H benchtop NMR spectroscopy for the characterization of a nonaqueous phase liquid from a contaminated environment
Venue: Magnetic resonance in chemistry MRC
Year: 2018

Nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) located at the surface of the water table and/or below the water table are often a significant source for groundwater contamination near current or former commercial/industrial facilities. Due to the complex and long history of many industrial sites, these NAPLs often contain a complex mixture of contaminants and as such can be difficult to fully characterize using conventional analytical methods. Remediation and risk assessment activities at sites containing NAPLs may, subsequently, be hindered as the contamination profile may not be fully understood. This paper demonstrates the application of bench scale 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as a practical tool to assist with the characterization of complex NAPLs. Here, a NAPL collected from a contaminated site situated near a former chemical manufacturing facility was analyzed using a combination of one dimensional (1D) 1H NMR spectroscopy and two dimensional (2D) 1H J resolved spectroscopy (JRES) It is shown that 1D NMR experiments are useful in the rapid identification of the classes of compounds present, whereas 2D JRES NMR experiments are useful in identifying specific compounds. The use of benchtop NMR spectroscopy as a simple and cost effective tool to assist in the analysis of contaminated sites may help improve the practical characterization of many heavily contaminated sites and facilitate improved risk assessments and remedial strategies.
Three channel wavelet transform for video compression applications
Venue: 2017 6th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)
Year: 2017

Wavelet based compression of images and video remains an important topic. New constructions of three channel filter bank are presented. Three channel filter bank was integrated into open source video codec DIRAC. The results of three channel filter bank design and its implementation in the video compression system are given in comparison with two channel CDF 9/7 filter bank (used in JPEG2000) The experiments show that the usage of three channel wavelet transform in video compression gives higher PSNR values about 2 dB over traditional two channel wavelet transform or about 30% bitrate saving.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Biji Pepaya (Carica Papaya L. Terhadap Bakteri Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Dan Staphylococcus Aureus
Year: 2017

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL BIJI PEPAYA (Carica papaya L. TERHADAP BAKTERI Pseudomonas aeruginosa DAN Staphylococcus aureusGabriella M. J. Torar 1) Widya Astuty Lolo 1) Gayatri Citraningtyas 1)1)Program Studi Farmasi FMIPA UNSRAT Manado, 95115  Some of Indonesian plants perform the efficacy as a traditional medicine, which can be benefitted to treat diseases and one of them was papaya which known to have antibacterial properties. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity with different concentrations of ethanol extract of papaya seeds (Carica papaya L. against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The extraction was done by maceration method using 95% of ethanol. Antibacterial activity test was performing using well agar diffusion method (Kirby and Bauer diffusion modified) The results were statistically analyzed using one way ANOVA. Anova Data show that extract with the concentrations of 20% 40% 60% and 80% had inhibits the growth of test bacteria. The results showed that the antibacterial activity of each series of the concentration of ethanol extract of papaya seeds (Carica papaya L. exhibit antibacterial activity in the middle category of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial, Papaya, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus. ABSTRAK Beberapa tanaman di Indonesia memiliki khasiat sebagai obat tradisional yang dapat digunakan untuk mengobati penyakit yang salah satunya ialah pepaya yang diketahui memiliki khasiat sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dengan perbedaan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol biji pepaya (Carica papaya L. terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Staphylococcus aureus. Metode ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 95% Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi agar (difusi Kirby dan Bauer yang dimodifikasi) dengan cara sumuran. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri dianalisa dengan metode analisa varians satu arah (one way anova) Data Anova menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak 20% 40% 60% dan 80% telah memberikan aktivitas menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri uji. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa setiap seri konsentrasi ekstrak etanol biji pepaya (Carica papaya L. memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dengan kategori daya hambat sedang terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Staphylococcus aureus.
CAVUSCUGOL LINYIT ACIK OCAGINDAKI DURAYSIZLIKLARIN INCELENMESI
Year: 2020

Maden acik ocaklarinda, muhendislik calismalari ile olusturulan sevlerde, karayolu ve demiryolu yarmalarinda ve dogal sevlerde duraysizlik olusmasi durumunda sev kaymalari olusabilmektedir. Meydana gelen bu kaymalar yasam kaybina, ekonomik kayiplara, geometrisi bozulan alanlara sebebiyet vermektedir. Bu sonuclarin onune gecebilmek icin olusan duraysizliklarin izlenmesi ve elde edilen sonuclar neticesinde emniyeti arttirici jeoteknik revizyonlar, kaya dusmesini onleyici sistemler gibi onlemlerin alinmasi gerekmektedir. Bu calisma, halen Turkiye Komur Isletmeleri(TKI) Garp Linyitleri Isletmesi'ne (GLI) bagli olan Ilgin Cavuscugol linyit acik ocaginda gerceklestirilmistir. Ocakta yapilan incelemeler ve denetlemeler neticesinde ocagin dogu sevinin 60 m ilerisinde bulunan Cavuscugol tren istasyonuna yonelimli cekme catlaklari tespit edilmistir. Bu bolgede 112 gunluk surecte belirli araliklarla sev hareketleri izlenmistir. Izlemede olcum sistemi olarak jeodezik olcum yontemi kullanilmistir. Elde edilen veriler sonucunda sevdeki deformasyon hareketleri degerlendirilmistir. Ardindan, bu hareketlilige bagli matematiksel bir esitlik gelistirilmistir. Gelistirilen model sonuclari ile arazi verileri arasinda yuksek regresyon oldugu tespit edilmistir.
A Bidirectional Greedy Heuristic for the Subspace Selection Problem
Venue: SLS
Year: 2007

The Subspace Selection Problem (SSP) amounts to selecting t out of n given vectors of dimension m, such that they span a subspace in which a given target b Rm has a closest possible approximation. This model has numerous applications in e.g. signal compression and statistical regression. It is well known that the problem is NP hard. Based on elements from a forward and a backward greedy method, we develop a randomized search heuristic, which in some sense resembles variable neighborhood search, for SSP. Through numerical experiments we demonstrate that this approach has good promise, as it produces good results at modest computational cost.
A Framework of Learning Activity Design for Flow Experience in Smart Learning Environment
Year: 2019

With the progress of technology, the smart learning environment focusing on technology enhanced learning has been concerned by more and more researchers. By combining the key elements of smart learning environment with flow theory, this study proposed a framework of learning activity design that can be applied in smart learning environment. It is hoped that the framework could increase the chance of the appearance of flow experience in the learning process of smart learning environment. They could obtain an enjoyable learning experience as well as enhance their immersion and engagement. Hence, learners would learn pleasantly and effectively in the activity, thus promoting their personal development.