nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased amounts and stability of telomeric repeat containing RNA (TERRA) following DNA damage induced by etoposide
Venue: PloS one
Year: 2019

Telomeric repeat containing RNAs (TERRAs) are long noncoding RNAs transcribed from subtelomeres toward telomeric repeat tracts, which have been implicated in telomere protection and heterochromatin formation. Genotoxic stress leads to upregulation of TERRAs. However, the mechanism of DNA damage mediated TERRA induction remains elusive. Here, we treated HeLa cells with etoposide, a DNA double strand break generating agent, for various times and monitored the levels of TERRAs. Etoposide treatment led to a gradual time dependent increase in TERRAs. Etoposide mediated induction was evident in many TERRAs arising from various chromosome loci, including 20q and XpYp. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed no significant changes in the occupancy of RNA polymerase II at telomeres upon etoposide treatment. Interestingly, TERRAs arising from 20q, XpYp, 10q, and 13q degraded at slower rates in cells treated with etoposide, while degradation rates of TERRAs from many loci tested were nearly identical in both etoposide and mock treated cells. Telomere damage occurred from early time points of etoposide treatment, but telomere lengths and abundance of telomeric repeat binding factor 2 (TRF2) at telomeres remained unchanged. In summary, etoposide treatment led to telomere damage and TERRA accumulation, but telomere lengths and TRF2 mediated telomere integrity were maintained. Etoposide mediated TERRA accumulation could be attributed partly to RNA stabilization. These findings may provide insight into the post transcriptional regulation of TERRAs in response to DNA damage.
Le controle des conduites entre eleves liees a l'amour et la sexualite la normalisation d'un ordre heterosexuel pacifie, par la responsabilisation des jeunes filles
Year: 2016

La communication est issue d'une recherche sur les violences liees au genre entre eleves dans l'enseignement secondaire francais (ANR Violecogenre 2009 2013) En prenant appui sur l'observation (durant six mois) d'un dispositif de prevention du sexisme dans un college de quartier populaire, on montrera les ambivalences de l'intervention en milieu scolaire d'organisations issues du feminisme dont la proposition renvoie implicitement a un mode d'encadrement des relations amoureuses des eleves qui fonctionne comme operateur de normes et de deviances sexuees. On portera la focale sur l'ideologie conjugaliste qui soutend la prevention de la violence des hommes envers les femmes notamment a travers des injonctions a l'auto controle differencie des filles et des garcons par rapport a la gestion de la violence. Celles ci tendent a faire porter la responsabilite de relations pacifiees sur les jeunes filles selon une ideologie de complementarite des sexes impliquant l'idee d'egalite dans la difference L'analyse de ce dispositif sera conjuguee avec les donnees d'une enquete ethnographique fondee sur des observations hebdomadaires menees pendant un an dans 4 etablissements d'enseignement secondaire et 39 entretiens realises avec des chefs d'etablissement.
Does Project Associated Situational Factors have Impact on Sustainability of Modern Code Review Workforce?
Venue: 2019 IEEE 6th International Conference on Engineering Technologies and Applied Sciences (ICETAS)
Year: 2019

Code review is an essential practice to evaluate the quality of source code. Presently the Modern trend of code review known as Modern Code Review (MCR) an informal modified version of Fagan's inspection is widely used. In MCR process, MCR workforce that is author and reviewer work together to improve the code quality and software quality. It is a peer reviewed process, the source code written by the author is evaluated by the reviewer. For the effective outcomes of the MCR process, it is required to focus on the sustainability of the MCR workforce so that they can sustain for a longer and produce the effective outcomes. However, the sustainability of MCR workforce is impacted by the unidentified project related situational factors. The existing literature of MCR is lacking concerning the identification of project related situational factors that impact the sustainability of the MCR workforce. Therefore, this study aims to perform the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to identify the project related situational factors that can impact the sustainability of the MCR workforce. The situational components are collected into two key classifications, for example, project release management and project attributes. The grounded hypothesis approach has been applied to get final unique and categorized list of project related situational factors. The identified unique and categorized list of project related situational components is additionally double checked by the expert panel for their categorizations, naming conventions and suggestions of additional project related situational factors. The investigation results announced 18 project related situational factors. The study will be advantageous for experts involved in situational software engineering research as well as the MCR workforce to sustain for longer by overcoming the challenge of unidentified situations.
Dumbarton Oaks Garden and Landscape Studies Symposium: Sound and Scent in the Garden
Venue: Landscape Journal
Year: 2014

landscape storytelling by Chip Sullivan (Cartooning the Landscape) as well as several innovative drawing, photographic, video and poetic creative works. Unfortunately, the exhibit venue was at Morgan State, which was diffi cult to access from the conference's Inner Harbor venue outside of the limited time off ered during the opening reception activities. It would have been nice to have the opportunity to spend more time with the artwork. The most exciting aspect of this CELA Conference development is that it off ered new ways for faculty to gain peer reviewed recognition for work vitally important to the development of landscape architecture education and practice. As such, it peaked a great deal of interest by providing a formal venue to present alternate landscape architectural inquiry. A planned juried fi lm festival at the CELA 2015 conference, Incite Change Change Insight (March 24 28) at Kansas State University, will continue the provision of alternative means for exploring the expression and interpretation of landscape architectural ideas in a peer reviewed format. The CELA 2014 Conference, Layers: Landscape, City, Community, hosted by Morgan State University and the University of Maryland, was a well conceived and organized event. In particular, the excellent diversity of speakers discussing issues of culture and race was both challenging and welcome, and engaged topics not normally attempted within the CELA venue.
Performance of four year old Australian and Papua New Guinean Acacia species/provenances at Kongowe, Kibaha, Tanzania
Year: 2010

This study to compare performance of three Australian Papua New Guinean Acacia species/provenances (A. mangium, A. auriculiformis, A. crassicarpa) and A. julifera was conducted at Kongowe, Kibaha, Tanzania. Species/provenances were evaluated for survival, growth (diameter, height and volume) wood basic density and wood biomass. The trial was laid out using a randomised complete block design with three replications of 22 treatments (species/provenances) Data for survival, diameter at breast height and height was collected at ages 2 and 4 years from the nine inner plot trees. Six defect free trees from each treatment were selected at random for volume, wood basic density and biomass measurements. Results showed significant differences in survival, height and diameter growth among species/provenances at all assessment occasions. Average untransformed survival at 4 years ranged from 16.0% to 93.3% Acacia crassicarpa from Bensbach, Papua New Guinea (PNG) had the largest diameter (13.9 cm) and A. crassicarpa from Bimadebum, PNG, had the largest height (12.6 m) Volume production and wood biomass differed significantly (p 0.001) among species/provenances. Acacia crassicarpa from Bensbach, PNG, had the highest volume (58.7 m3 ha 1) and wood biomass (53.4 t ha 1) while A. mangium from Kongowe, Tanzania, had the lowest height (4.6 m) volume (1.92 m3 ha 1) and wood biomass (2.7 t ha 1) Acacia mangium from Claudie River, Queensland, had the highest basic density (610.6 kg m 3) while the accession from Bituri, PNG, had the lowest (375.2 kg m 3) Ordinal ranking indicated that the three best performing Australian PNG Acacia species/ provenances were A. crassicarpa from Bimadebum, PNG; A. crassicarpa from Bensbach, PNG; and A. auriculiformis from south of Coen, Cape York. The three poorest species/provenances were A. mangium from Kongowe, Kibaha, Tanzania; A. julifera subsp. julifera from Ipswich, Queensland; and A. mangium from Balimo, PNG. The best performing species/ provenances are recommended for planting in Kongowe and other areas with similar ecological conditions.
Strength properties of pinned connections in aluminium truss girders
Year: 2011

Pinned element connections in aluminium trusses are investigated experimentally  Forces in the connections are transferred through shear and bearing. Because the inner cylinder and the securing pins are conical, there is no play in the connection when it is assembled. Securing the pins with springs allows for fast assembly and disassembly. In practice also nuts are used for securing the pins. The parameters investigated in the research are the boundary conditions (hinged or fixed in clamps of the test bench) and the way the pins are secured (with springs or with nuts) The mean maximum load at structural failure is 136 kN. This load was not influenced by the parameters investigated. The maximum elongation at structural failure is influenced by the way the pins are secured. The use of nuts (series II) results in more elongation (sample mean 14.7 mm) compared to the use of springs (series I, sample mean 13.1 mm) The load at maximum elastic deformation is influenced by the boundary conditions in the test bench. The clamped specimens show a mean elastic load limit of 39.7 kN, which is approximately 12 kN lower than the hinged specimens which show a mean elastic load limit of 51.4 kN. This can be explained by the additional stresses in the fixed connections resulting from the prevention of rotations, leading to a lower limit for elastic loading. The elastic connection stiffness is dependent on the way the pins are secured. The stiffness using springs is 56.9 kN/mm, which is considerably higher than the stiffness using nuts which is 39.3 kN/mm.
Male Hypogonadism in Advanced Age (Therapeutic Considerations) Gynecomastia in Advanced Age, Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy and Prostate Cancer (Endocrinological Aspects of Development and Treatment)
Year: 2021

Treatment of male hypogonadism with testosterone (T) aims to replicate the physiological actions of endogenous T. Benefits are well demonstrated in men of any age with organic hypogonadism, who should be treated, except for those with absolute contraindications (prostate and breast cancer) Recommendations for T treatment follow the Endocrine Society Clinical Guidelines. Serum total T is recommended to be within the low normal range (300 400 ng/dL) The different T preparations are reviewed. Preferred T formulations are those that maintain stable serum concentrations and mild clinical effects. Replacement T treatment increases prostate volume and PSA. No increased incidence of prostate cancer has been demonstrated in hypogonadal men on T therapy but monitoring of the prostate is mandatory. Recommended monitoring includes at least total T levels, serum PSA, rectal examination of the prostate, surveillance for apnea hypopnea sleep syndrome, and erythrocytosis. Most studies and meta analyses described in this review have shown no increase in cardiovascular events. However published data are controversial. An increase in risk in men of middle and advanced age cannot be excluded until much larger and longer duration studies are completed. Gynecomastia is Identifiable in 1/3 of men in middle or advanced age. We describe the major etiopathogenic factors and diagnostic evaluation based on clinical manifestations and hormonal determinations as well as therapeutic management. Benign prostatic hypertrophy and prostate cancer are related to biological aging. The chapter will explore the pathogenesis and therapeutic considerations of each process. Special mention is made of the rationale and current drugs used for the hormonal treatment of prostate cancer.
Tobacco use during pregnancy among native and migrant women in Portugal. Results from the Bambino study
Year: 2018

Tobacco use is a major modifiable risk factor of adverse maternal and fetal health outcomes. Being a migrant has been associated with lower risk of smoking during pregnancy. However, it remains a matter of debate whether such association could be explained by other sociodemographic characteristics or whether such effect remains or increases according to the length of stay in the host country. This study examined the differences in maternal smoking prevalence between native, long term and recent migrant women in Portugal.  This study was derived from baMBINO, a national project grounded on 32 public maternity units in mainland Portugal aiming to investigate the differences in perinatal healthcare and outcomes among migrant and native women. Recruitment took place during admission for delivery, inviting both native and foreign born women. Participants included in this analysis (n 1107) were classified according to their country of birth and length of stay in Portugal into: native (Portuguese born) recent migrant (foreign born women who spent 10 years or less in Portugal) and long term migrants (foreign born women who spent more than 10 years in Portugal) Logistic regression model was fitted to estimate the association between the aforementioned migration statuses and having or not smoked tobacco during pregnancy, taking into account women's age, parity, marital status, level of education, family income, country of origin of women's parents and gestational age at the first prenatal care visit. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) and respective 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were obtained.  A little over half of the study participants were foreign born and almost 60% of those were recent migrants. Tobacco smoking during pregnancy was evidently more prevalent among native women than among long term or recent migrant women (14% vs. 8% and 4% respectively; P  Results of this study demonstrated significant disparities in the prevalence of maternal smoking during pregnancy according to the women's place of birth and duration of stay in Portugal. Native born women had a higher risk of smoking during pregnancy than foreign born women. The increase in the duration of stay in the host country seemed to have a negative effect on maternal smoking of migrants in Portugal. Smoking cessation health strategies in pregnant women in Portugal need to be improved by taking into account the mentioned variations in smoking behaviors.
"No Man is an Island" John Donne
Venue: American Journal of Neuroradiology
Year: 2020

We read with great interest the recent Editorial by Mahajan and Hirsch[1][1] in the American Journal of Neuroradiology (AJNR At a time when the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) pandemic is raging, it provides a helpful and succinct summary and reminds us to play our part as good citizens as an
COVID 19: Of Schrodinger, cats and masks
Year: 2020

COVID 19 is a disease which is sweeping the globe, often with devastating consequences. The more we understand, the more it appears that infection has a very wide clinical spectrum from totally asymptomatic to life threatening. Without widespread community testing it is impossible to ascertain true infection rates and develop strategies which reduce or prevent transmission without the need for on going draconian measures such as complete national lockdown. These measures are mandatory at the time of writing, however widespread adoption of face masks has been shown to help prevent transmission of other respiratory pathogens, and also infections acquired by healthcare staff. Combining mass testing with a combination of social distancing and face mask use might offer a way forward until a mass COVID 19 vaccination programme can be established.
Students take charge of Learning Using e learning in Perceptual Assessment in Speech Language Pathology
Year: 2020

Perceptual assessment is the basis for diagnosis and evaluation of treatment in speech language pathology (SLP) Students need to practise assessment skills. A web based platform with cases and expert feedback in cleft palate disorders was developed in national collaboration. The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of individual training on assessment skills in SLP students and their perception of e learning. Forty five students performed tests using a pre and post test set up. Perceptual assessments were demonstrated and instructions provided during teacher led activities in ongoing fully scheduled courses; students were then individually trained in their free time. Reference samples were available. A significant improvement was found in rating and phonetic transcriptions after training. Positive comments concerned accessibility and practice time.
A framework for large scale mapping of human settlement extent from Sentinel 2 images via fully convolutional neural networks
Venue: ISPRS journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing official publication of the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Year: 2020

Human settlement extent (HSE) information is a valuable indicator of world wide urbanization as well as the resulting human pressure on the natural environment. Therefore, mapping HSE is critical for various environmental issues at local, regional, and even global scales. This paper presents a deep learning based framework to automatically map HSE from multi spectral Sentinel 2 data using regionally available geo products as training labels. A straightforward, simple, yet effective fully convolutional network based architecture, Sen2HSE, is implemented as an example for semantic segmentation within the framework. The framework is validated against both manually labelled checking points distributed evenly over the test areas, and the OpenStreetMap building layer. The HSE mapping results were extensively compared to several baseline products in order to thoroughly evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed HSE mapping framework. The HSE mapping power is consistently demonstrated over 10 representative areas across the world. We also present one regional scale and one country wide HSE mapping example from our framework to show the potential for upscaling. The results of this study contribute to the generalization of the applicability of CNN based approaches for large scale urban mapping to cases where no up to date and accurate ground truth is available, as well as the subsequent monitor of global urbanization.
Synthesis of phosphorus containing polyol and its effects on impact resistance and flame retardancy of structural epoxy adhesives
Year: 2020

Structural epoxy adhesives are commonly used in many industries but are limited by their flammability and low impact resistance. In order to improve the flame retardancy of epoxy adhesives, phosphorus containing species are mainly used as reactive flame retardants, but these generally cause a decrease in mechanical strength. In this study, an oligomeric phosphorus containing polyol (P polyol) was synthesized by step polymerization between phenylphosphonic dichloride and ethylene glycol. The curing behavior, viscoelastic properties, adhesion performance, impact resistance, and flame retardancy of an epoxy resin containing P polyol were characterized. Especially, impact resistance was evaluated by the impact wedge peel test, an industry standard testing method. The flame retardancy of the structural epoxy adhesive improved steadily with the addition of p polyol. Impact resistance also improved at moderate P polyol contents (8 10 parts per 100 parts of resin (8 10 phr) but drastically decreased at a high content (15 phr) Based on this study, by incorporating P polyol, it is possible to simultaneously improve the impact resistance and flame retardancy of structural epoxy adhesives. We obtained both a high impact resistance (dynamic resistance to cleavage: 16.9 N/mm) and flame retardancy (heat release capacity: 255 J/(gdegC) at an optimum P polyol content (8 phr)
Hybrid chemoenzymatic heterogeneous catalysts
Year: 2021

Through selected recent examples, we show that a new class of catalysts hybrid chemoenzymatic heterogeneous catalysts is currently emerging. These multifunctional solid materials have a bright forecast for the development of green and sustainable chemistry. By combining the actions of a solid chemical catalyst and that of an enzyme, these formulations can catalyze multiple reactions in one pot thereby merging the best of two worlds: robustness and recyclability of heterogeneous catalysts on the one hand and outstanding selectivity and specificity of biocatalysts on the other hand. The preparation of such hybrid materials, however, represents a multidisciplinary challenge for catalysis scientists and materials chemists.
Hypothermia for newborns with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.
Venue: Paediatrics child health
Year: 2012

Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains a significant cause of mortality and long term disability in late preterm and term infants. Mild therapeutic hypothermia to a rectal temperature of 34+ 0.5degC initiated as soon as possible within the first 6 h of life decreases mortality and severe long term neurodevelopmental disabilities in infants with moderate HIE who are =36 weeks' gestational age. There are minimal side effects, and the incidence of disability in survivors is not increased. Infants with severe encephalopathy are less likely to benefit from treatment. Cooling may be achieved by either total body or selective head cooling. As cooling is now considered a standard of care, infants =36 weeks' gestational age who are depressed at birth should be assessed to determine whether they meet the criteria for cooling. There is currently no evidence that therapeutic hypothermia offers any benefit to infants <36 weeks' gestational age.
High School Online Learning
Year: 2009

The question is not whether high school students should be taking online courses. It is whether they should get out of high school without taking one. As students negotiate the 21st century, the skills that students employ in taking an online course are the ones they need to negotiate their productive working lives and 21st century citizenry. What are the skills that students must master in an online learning environment? Independent thinking, self motivation, self directed learning, information seeking, and information giving these are all elements of online distance learning. Students must not only have basic reading and numeric literacy to negotiate the content of the online courses, but must also be able to persevere and bring to completion a course of study. To further stretch the 21st century student, the work must be completed outside the school walls and school day, on the students' own turf, blending a learning environment and living environment all in one. Perhaps most important, the absence of a teacher's physical presence means that the student must find inspiration from within.