nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Description of the Historical Developments in Standard Setting and Regulations for Auditors and the Audit Firms in an International Perspective
Year: 2013

The profession of auditor in its current form has its starting point approximately 130 years ago. That being said, ever since people have been administering other people's assets, there has been a need for supervision of this administration and auditing of the accounts regarding this administration. Only after the industrial revolution, auditor became a separate profession, in some cases as a "spin off" of another profession. The position of the auditor has always been different in various countries. In some countries, the emphasis lay solely on the audit, whereas in others there were also important supervisory aspects to the function. Regulation has sometimes had the function to support the development of the profession, on other occasions it was rather a reaction to (perceived) abuse concerning financial reporting. During the 1980s, the profession of auditor was one of the first professions to internationalize and later globalize following the business world. Regulations that touch the core of the activities that auditors are concerned with: company law, securities law and the professional audit regulations were and are in general organized on a local and sometimes regional level. This has caused and still causes all kinds of problems in the coordination of the audits in various jurisdictions, the findings of which have often to be communicated to users in other jurisdictions. Particularly in the last decade, the rules and regulations for the audit profession have exploded. This is for an important part caused by the domination of Anglo Saxon views on the profession during the last decades. In order to comprehend the current rules and regulations, it is necessary to be aware of the historic developments in the accountancy/audit profession. These will be set out in Section 2. Subsequently as an example of the rather limited regulations until the turn of the cen
Minoxidil in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia
Venue: Dermatologic therapy
Year: 2018

The National Institutes of Health (US NIH, 2018) estimates that in the US approximately 50 million men and 30 million women suffer from AGA (also known as pattern hair loss) Minoxidil is the only topical drug for the treatment of both female and male pattern hair loss. In the US, minoxidil is approved over the counter (OTC) at a maximum concentration of 5% In this review, we summarize the findings of the pivotal studies used in support of the drug's approval as well as recent discoveries and novel developments in the use of minoxidil for the treatment of AGA.
Determinants of Organic Food Repurchase Intention from the Perspective of Brazilian Consumers
Year: 2019

The present study aimed to test a theoretical model that contemplates the constructs environmental awareness, healthy consumption, consumer, and subjective norms as determinants of organic food repurchase intention. The method applied consisted of a quantitative approach with a descriptive objective and was implemented through a survey, which counted on a convenience non probabilistic sample of 241 organic food consumers living in Brazil. Data analysis was performed employing multivariate statistics employing Structural Equations Modeling (SEM) that allowed to measure the relations between the constructs through the test of the proposed hypotheses. The main contribution evidenced is that environmental awareness positively and significantly influences healthy consumption. Besides, the results evidenced that environmental awareness positively influences consumer's attitude, healthy consumption significantly influences consumer's attitude, and attitude and subjective norms positively influence repurchase intention in the context of organic food consumption, thus reinforcing signs of healthier and more sustainable consumption behaviors.
Image Based Visual Servoing of a Quadrotor with Improved Visibility Using Model Predictive Control
Venue: 2019 IEEE 28th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)
Year: 2019

In this paper, an observer based model predictive control scheme is proposed for the image based visual servoing (IBVS) of a quadrotor. The control objective is to regulate the relative pose of the quadrotor to a planar ground target using a minimal sensor set, i.e. a monocular camera and an inertia measurement unit (IMU) Image features are deliberately selected to decouple the roll/pitch motion from the image kinematics, such that the overall system dynamics possesses a cascaded structure. This structural property enables the simplification of the controller design by adopting a dual loop control structure. During visual servoing, the target object could potentially leave the field of view (FOV) of the camera, which causes failure of control input generation. To improve the visibility, a model predictive control (MPC) controller is developed to explicitly bound the roll and pitch angles to alleviate the feature loss due to large rotation. In addition, a high gain observer is designed to facilitate the estimation of the linear velocity, which is unavailable due to the absence of the global positioning system (GPS) In the end, simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Analisis Pertumbuhan Return On Equity Dengan Menggunakan Analisis Dupont Pada Perusahaan Ritel Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2013 2017
Year: 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan profitabilitas (Return On Equity) dan untuk mengetahui faktor apa yang mempengaruhi perubahan dari profitabilitas perusahaan ritel yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2013 2017. Penelitian ini melakukan analisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan dupont system. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 12 sampel dari 25 perusahaan yang terpilih berdasarkan teknik pemilihan purposive sampling dan menggunakan jenis data sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Return On Equity perusahaan ritel berfluktuasi dan pertumbuhannya cenderung menurun, faktor yang mempengaruhi perubahan Return On Equity adalah rendahnya dan terjadinya penurunan Net Profit Margin. Sehingga penurunan Return On Equity menyebabkan tingkat pengembalian modal perusahaan ritel kepada para pemegang saham kurang baik.
The inhibitory effect of MEG3/miR 214/AIFM2 axis on the growth of T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma.
Venue: International journal of oncology
Year: 2017

T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T LBL) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. Long non coding RNA (lncRNA) MEG3 is an important tumor suppressor in various cancers. The present study investigated the potential role of maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) in the progression of T LBL. Suppressed expression of MEG3 was detected in T LBL tissues compared with adjacent histologically normal tissues. Down regulated level of MEG3 was also found in three T LBL cell lines (CCRF CEM, Jurkat and SUP T1) compared with human T cell line H9. The proliferation of T LBL cells was inhibited and cell apoptosis rate was largely promoted when MEG3 was upregulated by a lentiviral vector. Further research revealed that microRNA (miRNA) 214 is a direct target of MEG3. The expression of miR 214 was increased in T LBL tissues and cell lines compared with control groups. Besides, decreased level of miR 214 was elevated adding miR 214 mimic in SUP T1 cells transfected with LncRNA MEG3. Similarly, upregulated level of miR 214 was downregulated adding miR 214 inhibitor in SUP T1 cells transfected with MEG3 siRNA. Luciferase activity assay further confirmed the targeting relationship between MEG3 and miR 214. Moreover, AIFM2 protein was predicted as a target of miR 214. The expression of AIFM2 was increased by MEG3 and was downregulated by miR 214 mimic. miRNA 214 reversed the effect of MEG3 on inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in SUP T1 cells. Moreover, relative expression of AIFM2 had a positive correlation with the expression of MEG3 and was negatively affected by miR 214. In vivo, MEG3 effectively suppressed tumor growth and the expression of proliferation markers Ki 67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) Taken together, our research revealed that MEG3 worked as an anti oncogene in T LBL, and the MEG3 miR 214 AIFM2 pathway regulated the growth of T LBL, providing potential prognosis markers as well as new potential targets for T LBL treatment.
Level Set Methods And Fast Marching Methods
Year: 2016

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On use of crowdsourcing for H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC video quality evaluation
Venue: 2017 27th International Conference Radioelektronika (RADIOELEKTRONIKA)
Year: 2017

Crowdsourcing has become a popular method in the field of video quality evaluation. Gathering the opinion of the users using crowdsourcing is quick and relatively cheap but such a study has to be designed very carefully in order to give relevant results. So far, the majority of the QoE studies using crowdsourcing has been focusing on the performance of H.264/AVC algorithm in different situations (such as encoder settings, stalling effects, etc) Modern video coding methods, however, are only rarely tested using the crowdsourcing approach. We designed a study comparing the performance of both H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC standards in the crowdsourcing environment. We deal with the possibilities of delivering and presenting the HEVC encoded content to the participants of the crowdsourcing study and potential challenges. Finally, the study was performed using Microworkers platform and gathered results are then compared with three different objective video quality metrics.
Quorum sensing LuxS/autoinducer 2 inhibits Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formation ability
Venue: Journal of applied oral science revista FOB
Year: 2018

To investigate the relation between biofilm formation ability and quorum sensing gene LuxS/AI 2.  Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) standard strain ATCC 29212 was used in the study. Long flanking homology polymerase chain reaction method was used to build the LuxS gene knockout strain. Sequential culture turbidity measurement and CFU counting were used to assess the proliferation ability of E. faecalis after the depletion of LuxS. 96 well plate assay was used to quantify the biofilm formation ability; CLSM was used to observe the attached bacteria areas, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to observe biofilm microstructure conditions.  LuxS gene knockout strains were successfully constructed and identified. The results showed that proliferation ability of E. faecalis was not affected by the depletion of the luxS gene, and the biofilm formation ability of DLuxS 29212 significantly decreased (P<0.05)  Collectively, our studies provide the LuxS gene's key role in controlling biofilm formation of E. faecalis, which presented a negative regulation, and furthermore, providing us a possible way to conquer the persistent apical periodontitis.
Consortium Blockchain based V2G Energy Trading System Using Tokens
Venue: 2020 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC)
Year: 2020

Recently, under the influence of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the government is attempting a new field of revitalization of the power energy trading market in the energy industry. With the advent of prosumers that generate and consume electricity by themselves, the need to promote transparent transactions by establishing a safe and reasonable transaction platform for energy transactions has increased. With the development of blockchain technology, the research has been actively conducted, and interest in services incorporating blockchain is increasing in various fields, and various studies incorporating blockchain into the energy transaction field have been actively conducted. Along with the need for a transparent energy trading platform, the need for electric vehicle charging infrastructure and power load management, one of the core technologies of smart grid, is also increasing. Therefore, this study aims to build a V2G energy transaction system based on the consortium blockchain and develop an application for transaction activation. In addition, it intends to incorporate the blockchain system into real life and lay the foundation for commercialization of the blockchain system.
A network meta analysis on the comparative efficacy of different dietary approaches on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Venue: European Journal of Epidemiology
Year: 2017

The aim of the present study is to assess the comparative efficacy of different dietary approaches on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a systematic review of the literature. Electronic and hand searches were performed until July 2017. The inclusion criteria were defined as follows: (1) randomized trial with a dietary approach; (2) adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus; (3) outcome either HbA1c and/or fasting glucose (mmol/l) (4) minimum intervention period of 12 weeks. For each outcome measure, random effects network meta analysis was performed in order to determine the pooled effect of each intervention relative to each of the other interventions. A total of 56 trials comparing nine dietary approaches (low fat, Vegetarian, Mediterranean, high protein, moderate carbohydrate, low carbohydrate, control, low GI/GL, Palaeolithic) enrolling 4937 participants were included. For reducing HbA1c, the low carbohydrate diet was ranked as the best dietary approach (SUCRA: 84% followed by the Mediterranean diet (80% and Palaeolithic diet (76% compared to a control diet. For reducing fasting glucose, the Mediterranean diet (88% was ranked as the best approach, followed by Palaeolithic diet (71% and Vegetarian diet (63% The network analysis also revealed that all dietary approaches significantly reduce HbA1c 0.82 to 0.47% reduction) and fasting glucose 1.61 to 1.00 mmol/l reduction) compared to a control diet. According to the network meta analysis the Mediterranean diet is the most effective and efficacious dietary approach to improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes patients.
The political nature of brand governance: a discourse analysis approach to a regional brand building process
Year: 2016

The present paper takes the empirical phenomenon of place branding as an appropriate point of view to understand the communicative process of brand governance in the realm of the public.The paper explores the modalities through which a brand governance emerges as a negotiated and contested mechanism reproduced through language. By drawing on the analytical approach of interpretative repertoires, the analysis demonstrates that a process of governance can be seen as a 'text' in a constant state of negotiation in which the level of involvement in the brand building process can be discursively contested, with language illustrating the ways in which different actors express their positionalities (hegemonic or subalternate) The analysis suggests that this can be seen as a power political process in which politics of space and time are expressed linguistically by the different actors involved in brand governance.
Addressing Variance Shrinkage in Variational Autoencoders using Quantile Regression
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

Estimation of uncertainty in deep learning models is of vital importance, especially in medical imaging, where reliance on inference without taking into account uncertainty could lead to misdiagnosis. Recently, the probabilistic Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) has become a popular model for anomaly detection in applications such as lesion detection in medical images. The VAE is a generative graphical model that is used to learn the data distribution from samples and then generate new samples from this distribution. By training on normal samples, the VAE can be used to detect inputs that deviate from this learned distribution. The VAE models the output as a conditionally independent Gaussian characterized by means and variances for each output dimension. VAEs can therefore use reconstruction probability instead of reconstruction error for anomaly detection. Unfortunately, joint optimization of both mean and variance in the VAE leads to the well known problem of shrinkage or underestimation of variance. We describe an alternative approach that avoids this variance shrinkage problem by using quantile regression. Using estimated quantiles to compute mean and variance under the Gaussian assumption, we compute reconstruction probability as a principled approach to outlier or anomaly detection. Results on simulated and Fashion MNIST data demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. We also show how our approach can be used for principled heterogeneous thresholding for lesion detection in brain images.
Linear Algebra: Theory and Applications
Year: 2010

Motivated by their desire for a single text that meets the various requirements found in linear algebra courses, renowned writing team Ward Cheney and David Kincaid have developed this multi faceted introduction to linear algebra. Focusing on a comprehensive blend between theory and application, this text guides theoretically oriented mathematics students as they devise proofs and deal with abstractions. Likewise, this unique blend appeals to applications oriented science and engineering students with its numerous problem sets that focus on understanding and learning vector spaces, matrices, linear transformations, and other tools of applied linear algebra. With its flexible design,  Theory and Application is an ideal text for instructors who wish to make their own choice of what material to emphasize, and includes over 3100 problems and homework assignments of great variety to highlight that choice.
Block based compressive sensing of video using local sparsifying transform
Venue: 2014 IEEE 16th International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP)
Year: 2014

Block based compressive sensing is attractive for sensing natural images and video because it makes large sized image/video tractable. However, its reconstruction performance is yet to be improved much. This paper proposes a new block based compressive video sensing recovery scheme which can reconstruct video sequences with high quality. It generates initial key frames by incorporating the augmented Lagrangian total variation with a nonlocal means filter which is well known for being good at preserving edges and reducing noise. Additionally, local principal component analysis (PCA) transform is employed to enhance the detailed information. The non key frames are initially predicted by their measurements and reconstructed key frames. Furthermore, regularization with PCA transform aided side information iteratively seeks better reconstructed solution. Simulation results manifest effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Asymptotic properties of a component wise ARH(1) plug in predictor
Venue: J. Multivar. Anal.
Year: 2017

This paper presents new results on the prediction of linear processes in function spaces. The autoregressive Hilbertian process framework of order one (ARH(1) framework) is adopted. A component wise estimator of the autocorrelation operator is derived from the moment based estimation of its diagonal coefficients with respect to the orthogonal eigenvectors of the autocovariance operator, which are assumed to be known. Mean square convergence to the theoretical autocorrelation operator is proved in the space of Hilbert Schmidt operators. Consistency then follows in that space. Mean absolute convergence, in the underlying Hilbert space, of the ARH(1) plug in predictor to the conditional expectation is obtained as well. A simulation study is undertaken to illustrate the large sample behavior of the formulated component wise estimator and predictor. Additionally, alternative component wise (with known and unknown eigenvectors) regularized, wavelet based penalized, and nonparametric kernel estimators of the autocorrelation operator are compared with the one presented here, in terms of prediction.
A fast algorithm for mining high average utility itemsets
Venue: Applied Intelligence
Year: 2017

Mining high utility itemsets (HUIs) in transactional databases has become a very popular research topic in recent years. A popular variation of the problem of HUI mining is to discover high average utility itemsets (HAUIs) where an alternative measure called the average utility is used to evaluate the utility of itemsets by considering their lengths. Albeit, HAUI mining has been studied extensively, current algorithms often consume a large amount of memory and have long execution times, due to the large search space and the usage of loose upper bounds to estimate the average utilities of itemsets. In this paper, we present a more efficient algorithm for HAUI mining, which includes three pruning strategies to provide a tighter upper bound on the average utilities of itemsets, and thus reduce the search space more effectively to decrease the runtime. The first pruning strategy utilizes relationships between item pairs to reduce the search space for itemsets containing three or more items. The second pruning strategy provides a tighter upper bound on the average utilities of itemsets to prune unpromising candidates early. The third strategy reduces the time for constructing the average utility list structures for itemsets, which is used to calculate their upper bounds. Substantial experiments conducted on both real life and synthetic datasets show that the proposed algorithm with three pruning strategies can efficiently and effectively reduce the search space for mining HAUIs, when compared to the state of the art algorithms, in terms of runtime, number of candidates, memory usage, performance of the pruning strategies and scalability.
Selection and Adaptation:Exploration of Fujian Public Signs Translation
Year: 2014

This paper analyses the three typical pragmatic errors in Fujian public signs translation from the perspective of Skopos theory and classifies them into linguistic translation errors, pragmatic translation errors and cultural translation errors. Based on specific examples in the translation of Fujian public signs, it applies Verschueren's Theory of Adaptation to probe into their translation strategies as viewed from linguistic adaptation, cultural adaptation and aesthetic psychology adaptation, and aims to provide a reference frame for similar texts.