nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Tackling Wicked Food Issues: Applying the Wicked Problems Approach in Higher Education to Promote Healthy Eating Habits in American School Children
Year: 2015

Life long healthy eating habits linked with sustainable local agricultural practices, as "wicked problems" in the United States, are intractable, on going, and high stakes issues. An interdisciplinary university course was developed to engage students in participatory research and fieldwork on the inextricably linked dimensions of food, health, and sustainability. Students worked with community partners, stakeholders, and experts to address the specific interdisciplinary issues of diet and promotion of healthy eating habits in American school children. Using a "bottom up" approach, students co developed projects with stakeholders (including school children) to empower movement for change. This interactive research process created an iterative feedback loop which fostered more inclusive and creative projects to meliorate the wicked problem at hand. Project proposals ranged from the creation of an interactive website intended for school children, to field trips to local farming communities, to "how to" workshops for gardening and meal planning, to local tastings. Projects were, in the end, shared with and vetted by community partners for future co implementation. Using food as an interdisciplinary agent to bring collaboration to fruition, the results of this work indicate higher education could be more effective in preparing students for our 21st century food challenges by developing experiential learning courses in partnership with food communities.
Inventory Management, Product Quality, and Cross Country Income Differences
Year: 2019

Previous research has documented that export shipments are "lumpy" exporters make infrequent and relatively large shipments to any given export destination. This fact has been interpreted as implying that fixed, per shipment cost and inventory management decisions play a key role in international trade. We document here that exports from poor countries are considerably more lumpy have higher fixed per shipment cost than those from rich countries. Using a model of trade with inventory management, we estimate that the country at the ninetieth percentile of the distribution of per shipment costs has almost three times higher costs than the one at the tenth percentile. We show that these per shipment cost differences have a reduced form representation given by an ad valorem trade cost that varies with export country income (as in Waugh 2010) A calibrated version of the model that incorporates these estimates and allows for endogenous product quality reveals that cross country differences in per shipment costs explain almost 40 percent of the observed cross country differences in income. It also shows that policies that lower per shipment costs can lead to significant welfare gains, mainly due to induced quality upgrading.
Graphene photonics and optoelectronics
Year: 2010

The richness of optical and electronic properties of graphene attracts enormous interest. Graphene has high mobility and optical transparency, in addition to flexibility, robustness and environmental stability. So far, the main focus has been on fundamental physics and electronic devices. However, we believe its true potential lies in photonics and optoelectronics, where the combination of its unique optical and electronic properties can be fully exploited, even in the absence of a bandgap, and the linear dispersion of the Dirac electrons enables ultrawideband tunability. The rise of graphene in photonics and optoelectronics is shown by several recent results, ranging from solar cells and light emitting devices to touch screens, photodetectors and ultrafast lasers. Here we review the state of the art in this emerging field.
UJI DAYA HAMBAT SEDIAAN SABUN CAIR EKSTRAK DAUN PALA (Myristica fragrans houtt) TERHADAP Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus aureus
Venue: EKOLOGIA
Year: 2019

Bacteria that cause acne include Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes. Nutmeg leaves are plants that contain antibacterial substances that can inhibit bacterial growth. The purpose of this study is to make soap preparations from nutmeg leaf extracts and find out the formula that is most effective in inhibiting the growth of P.acnes and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Nutmeg leaves were extracted using maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. Liquid soap preparations are made in 4 formulas. Antibacterial activity test was carried out by the dilution method for MIC and disk diffusion methods to determine LDH liquid soap preparations. Based on the test of the antibacterial activity of 96% ethanol extract, nutmeg leaves have the ability to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC value at a concentration of 0.5% and negative on Propionibacterium acnes. Liquid soap preparations in F1 (extract 2% have LDH values of 9.87 0.41 mm; F2 (extract 4% has an LDH value of 10.50 0.35 mm; F3 (extract 8% has an LDH value of 10.70 0.25 mm; F4 (extract 10% has an LDH value of 11.87 0.25 mm. The highest LDH value is F4 with a concentration of 10% extract, LDH F4 is a formula that has the most antibacterial activity approaching LDH positive control JF Sulfur which has an LDH value of 13.25 0.25 mm
READING JEREMIAH 13:23 IN AN AFRICAN CONTEXT
Year: 2017

This paper examines the meaning and importance of Jeremiah 13:23 critically. The author argues that one of the greatest prophets of ancient Israel, having been familiar with the military might, wisdom and vastness of their African territories does not despise black African people but uses them as standards against which to evaluate Israel in Jeremiah 13:23 as did other biblical passages (Amos 9:7; Is 17:3, 11 15; 30:1 2; 31:1 3; 45:14; Ez 27:7; Dn 11:43) The reasons for using black people and nations as standards against which to evaluate Israel are: first, their vast territories, great military might and power, wealth and wisdom (Is 19:5, 11 15; Is 45:14; Ez 27:7; Dn 11:43) second, it makes their high esteem to be boosted when these nations are cited as paradigmatic. The central theological message of Jeremiah 13:23 is to address the question of Judah's habituation of sin which leads to slavery that is irredeemable. Judah has an indelible stain and "her evil habits held her fast like bands of steel" The various English translations of Jeremiah 13:23 in different English versions of the Bible are misleading and therefore a disservice to the black race all over the world. The proper translation according to this author should have been: "Would Black Africans change their skin or the leopards their sports? So also you who have learnt to do evil could do evil."
Effect of Thermal Aging on the Properties of Insulating Paper
Year: 2018

In order to improve the safety of power equipment, the influence of thermal aging on the performance of insulating paper used for transformers was investigated, the same type insulation paper with different basis weight was used to simulate the thermal aging process. The paper folding endurance, the tensile strength and the fiber polymerization degree (DP) of the insulation paper were measured before and after the thermal aging. The result showed that thermal aging has deteriorated the paper's properties, the DP was decreased. The retention rate of the paper folding endurance was about 10% of the base paper, and the retention rate of the tensile strength was about 70% of the base paper. Compared to the tensile strength, the connection between the fibers has a greater impact on the paper folding endurance of the insulating paper. Therefore, paper folding endurance was a more realistic and efficient method to characterize the thermal aging degree of the insulating paper. Keywords paper folding endurance; insulation paper; thermal
THE DESCRIPTION OF THE QUALITY OF HEALTH SERVICES TO PATIENT SATISFACTION
Year: 2020

Quality health services are health services that can satisfy every service user by the average satisfaction level of the population and its implementation by the established code of ethics and service standards.  To determine the description of the quality of health services on patient satisfaction in the inpatient installation of the Makassar General Hospital of the Hajj Region in 2019.  The method used is descriptive. The population in this study were patients using inpatient class III RSUD Haji Makassar in 2019 and based on data obtained in May 2019 as many as 848 patients.  The satisfaction service variable shows that of the 89 samples studied, 80 respondents were satisfied (89.9% and 9 respondents (10.1% were dissatisfied. The reliability variable (57.3% is categorized as good and (42.7% is not good. The responsiveness variable (66.3% is categorized as good and (33.7% is not good. The guarantee variable (75.3% is categorized as good and (24.7% is not good. The direct evidence variable (53.9% is categorized as good and (46.1% is not good. The empathy variable (82.0% is categorized as good and (18.0% is not good.  It is hoped that the health workers at the General Hospital of the Haji Makassar Region will improve performance in prime health service activities to the community, and always prioritize the interests of patients in installations, especially patients in inpatient installations.
Neurofeedback for the treatment of schizophrenia: Case study
Venue: 2012 IEEE International Conference on Virtual Environments Human Computer Interfaces and Measurement Systems (VECIMS) Proceedings
Year: 2012

The paper presents a case report of the therapy by neurofeedback training of a chronic female schizophrenia outpatient. The purpose of the neurofeedback training was to enhance cognition, memory and behavioral performance. We used an intensive approach. All the training sessions were performed during 4 consecutive days. The results showed that the patient learnt to increase individual alpha amplitude and simultaneously decrease beta2 (20 30 Hz) amplitude at P4 site during active state over sessions. The individual alpha increased 74.73% and beta2 decreased 13.73% The short term memory was enhanced after training. Her mood had positive change and her speech was much clearer than before. She started to associate the meaning of her life and illness. These results support that neurofeedback is not only a feasible therapy for schizophrenia but also positive results could be obtained using a much more intensive training sessions than the one reported in the literature.
Market underreaction to open market share repurchases on the JSE
Year: 2014

This study examined the long term performance of open market share repurchase announcements made by companies listed on the JSE during their reporting periods including 1 July 1999 to 2009. A total of 195 open market share repurchase announcements were identified. A maximum outperformance of about 35% was found on day t+550 (about two years subsequent to the announcement) After splitting the sample into 'value' (low P/E ratio) and 'growth' shares (high P/E ratio) it was found that the outperformance was almost entirely confined to the value portfolio, reaching a maximum of about 80% by day t+630 (about two and a halfyears subsequent to the announcement) This study applied a more robust research methodology than used in earlier South African research on this topic; it also used an improved dataset and extended the research period, compared to other research. The results of this study showed much higher positive abnormal returns than were found in earlier international and South African studies. Investors should take advantage of the informational value of open market repurchase announcements and the related significant abnormal returns to be earned. This work is based upon research supported by the National Research Foundation. Any opinion, finding, conclusion or recommendation expressed in this material is that of the authors and the NRF does nat accept any liability in this regard.
Energy system transitions and low carbon pathways in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, EU 28, India, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Russia and the United States
Year: 2021

The Paris Agreement invited Parties to develop low emission development strategies. This study presents national low emission scenarios to inform such strategies for Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, EU 28, India, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Russia and the USA. We use country level technology rich energy economy and integrated assessment models that include detailed representations of the energy, transport and land systems and provide insights on emissions, energy system and economic implications of low emission pathways until 2050. We show that the low emission pathways of most economies studied here are consistent with pathways limiting global temperature increase to well below 2 degC, while emission reductions are achieved through uptake of renewable energy, energy efficiency improvements and electrification of energy services. The role of mitigation options like nuclear, carbon capture and storage (CCS) and advanced biofuels is differentiates across countries, depending on national priorities, specificities and resource endowments. The energy system transformation requires a pronounced reallocation of investments towards low carbon technologies, but without raising significant affordability issues in most countries. National pathways improve the consistency between country policy plans with global temperature goals and capture structural heterogeneities and broad socio economic considerations.
Polarnet Technical Report
Year: 2008

since vast snow and ice fields of the Earth's cryosphere have been recognized as habitats for different organisms, life in ice is no longer a paradox. According to the latest trend in cryo research, cryoconites are now seen as micro ecosystems with high ecological relevance for glaciers worldwide. In alpine glaciers cryoconites are often found to contain rather high concentrations of radioactive remnants from atmospheric atomic bomb tests and the Chernobyl accident, suggesting a distinct microbial community capable to cope with higher radioactive doses as usual. GLIMCOs (glacier ice microbial communities) seem to be relevant for the formation of cryoconites and, thus, determine the chemical milieu which in turn is responsible for the efficient accumulation, retention and release of radionuclides and other pollutants. Therefore, an investigation of the functional biodiversity of GLIMCOS is crucial for the study of nutrient fluxes and accumulation, absorption and biological uptake of fallout compounds in glaciers. Since glaciers are retreating worldwide the accumulated radionuclides may be washed out within a short time, thus a better understanding of the processes involved in storage and release of radionuclides are urgently needed. On the other hand, radioactive tracers may help to recognize the dynamics of origin and transformation of cryoconites and possibly their erosion, ablation and weathering. A more detailed study will follow this preliminary description of scenarios. Keyword: glaciers, cryoconite holes, microbial communities, radionuclides, Alps, Svalbard. 8th Ny Alesund seminar, Cambridge, UK 16 17 October 2007
An Analysis of Business English Translation Research in China
Year: 2018

CiteSpace II is used to draw the scientific knowledge map of China's business translation research. The literature of business translation studies from 2012 to 2016 in CNKI database are used as data source. Research on hotspots and fronts is realized by analyzing keywords frequency and burst terms. It is found that the research hotspots include Business English, cultural differences, translation techniques, and so on. Translation teaching is receiving more and more attention. The research fronts include Skopos theory, foreign business correspondence, metaphor, Business English translation teaching, higher vocational education and foreign trade English.
Impact of Marketing Strategy on Business Performance A Study of Selected Small and Medium Enterprises Smes In Oluyole Local Government Ibadan Nigeria
Year: 2013

This research paper investigates the impact of marketing strategy on business performance with special reference to the selected SMEs in Oluyole local government area Ibadan, Nigeria. The survey research design method was used in this study which involves using a self design questionnaire in collecting data from one hundred and three (103) respondents. The instrument used in this study is a close ended questionnaire that was designed by the researchers. Correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data with the aid of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20. The results show that the independent variables (i.e Product, Promotion, Place, Price, Packaging and After sales service) were significant joint predictors of business performance in term of profitability, market share, return on investment, and expansion.(F(6, 97) 14.040; R 0.465; P< .05) The independent variables jointly explained 46.5% of variance in business performance. Subsequently, recommendation were made to SMEs operators to produce quality products; charge competitive prices, position appropriately, use attractive package for the product, engage in after sales service and provide other distinctive functional benefits to consumers.
BigVAR User s Guide Dimension Reduction Procedures for Multivariate Time Series
Year: 2015

The R package BigVAR allows for the simultaneous estimation of high dimensional time series by applying structured penalties to the conventional vector autoregression (VAR) and vector autoregression with exogenous variables (VARX) frameworks. Our methods can be utilized in many applications that make use of time dependent data, such as macroeconomics, finance, and internet traffic. Our package adapts solution algorithms from the regularization literature to a multivariate time series setting, allowing for the computationally efficient estimation of high dimensional VARs with the option to additionally incorporate unmodeled exogenous series. The conventional VAR and VARX are heavily overparameterized, often forcing practitioners to arbitrarily specify a reduced subset of series to model. BigVAR allows for the incorporation of many potentially useful series by imposing zero restrictions in a data driven manner. Moreover, if forecasts are only desired from a subset of included series, using the VARXL framework (Nicholson et al. [2015] BigVAR can effectively leverage the information from the unmodeled exogenous series to improve the forecasts of the modeled endogenous series. We additionally offer a class of Hierarchical Vector Autoregression (HVAR) procedures (Nicholson et al. [2014] that address the issue of lag order selection in VAR models. This document presents a brief overview of our notation, the models that comprise BigVAR, and the functionality of the package. For more detail, we refer you to the original papers. Section 2 provides a brief overview of the notation, the VARX L penalties presented in Nicholson et al. [2015] and the HVAR methodology detailed in Nicholson et al. [2014] and Section 3 details practical implementation of BigVAR with a macroeconomic data example.
Face Alignment With Kernel Density Deep Neural Network
Venue: 2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)
Year: 2019

Deep neural networks achieve good performance in many computer vision problems such as face alignment. However, when the testing image is challenging due to low resolution, occlusion or adversarial attacks, the accuracy of a deep neural network suffers greatly. Therefore, it is important to quantify the uncertainty in its predictions. A probabilistic neural network with Gaussian distribution over the target is typically used to quantify uncertainty for regression problems. However, in real world problems especially computer vision tasks, the Gaussian assumption is too strong. To model more general distributions, such as multi modal or asymmetric distributions, we propose to develop a kernel density deep neural network. Specifically, for face alignment, we adapt state of the art hourglass neural network into a probabilistic neural network framework with landmark probability map as its output. The model is trained by maximizing the conditional log likelihood. To exploit the output probability map, we extend the model to multi stage so that the logits map from the previous stage can feed into the next stage to progressively improve the landmark detection accuracy. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets against state of the art unconstrained deep learning method demonstrate that the proposed kernel density network achieves comparable or superior performance in terms of prediction accuracy. It further provides aleatoric uncertainty estimation in predictions.
Taking A Closer Look at Synthesis: Fine Grained Attribute Analysis for Person Re Identification
Venue: ICASSP 2021 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)
Year: 2021

Person re identification (re ID) plays an important role in applications such as public security and video surveillance. Recently, learning from synthetic data, which benefits from the popularity of synthetic data engine, has achieved remarkable performance. However, in pursuit of high accuracy, researchers in the academic always focus on training with large scale datasets at a high cost of time and label expenses, while neglect to explore the potential of performing efficient training from millions of synthetic data. To facilitate development in this field, we reviewed the previously developed synthetic dataset GPR and built an improved one (GPR+ with larger number of identities and distinguished attributes. Based on it, we quantitatively analyze the influence of dataset attribute on re ID system. To our best knowledge, we are among the first attempts to explicitly dissect person re ID from the aspect of attribute on synthetic dataset. This research helps us have a deeper understanding of the fundamental problems in person re ID, which also provides useful insights for dataset building and future practical usage.
Hypoglycemia, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Death: The LEADER Experience
Venue: Diabetes Care
Year: 2018

In the Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results (LEADER) cardiovascular (CV) outcomes trial (NCT01179048) liraglutide significantly reduced the risk of CV events (by 13% and hypoglycemia versus placebo. This post hoc analysis examines the associations between hypoglycemia and CV outcomes and death.  Patients with type 2 diabetes and high risk for CV disease (n 9,340) were randomized 1:1 to liraglutide or placebo, both in addition to standard treatment, and followed for 3.5 5 years. The primary end point was time to first major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) (1,302 first events recorded) and secondary end points included incidence of hypoglycemia. We used Cox regression to analyze time to first MACE, CV death, non CV death, or all cause death with hypoglycemia as a factor or time dependent covariate.  A total of 267 patients experienced severe hypoglycemia (liraglutide n 114, placebo n 153; rate ratio 0.69; 95% CI 0.51, 0.93) These patients had longer diabetes duration, higher incidence of heart failure and kidney disease, and used insulin more frequently at baseline than those without severe hypoglycemia. In combined analysis (liraglutide and placebo) patients with severe hypoglycemia were more likely to experience MACE, CV death, and all cause death, with higher risk shortly after hypoglycemia. The impact of liraglutide on risk of MACE was similar in patients with and without severe hypoglycemia (P interaction 0.90)  Patients experiencing severe hypoglycemia were at greater risk of CV events and death, particularly shortly after the hypoglycemic episode. While causality remains unclear, reducing hypoglycemia remains an important goal in diabetes management.