nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Deleterious variation mimics signatures of genomic incompatibility and adaptive introgression
Year: 2017

While it is appreciated that population size changes can impact patterns of deleterious variation in natural populations, less attention has been paid to how population admixture affects the dynamics of deleterious variation. Here we use population genetic simulations to examine how admixture impacts deleterious variation under a variety of demographic scenarios, dominance coefficients, and recombination rates. Our results show that gene flow between populations can temporarily reduce the genetic load of smaller populations, especially if deleterious mutations are recessive. Additionally, when fitness effects of new mutations are recessive, between population differences in the sites at which deleterious variants exist creates heterosis in hybrid individuals. This can lead to an increase in introgressed ancestry, particularly when recombination rates are low. Under certain scenarios, introgressed ancestry can increase from an initial frequency of 5% to 30 75% and fix at many loci, even in the absence of beneficial mutations. Further, deleterious variation and admixture can generate correlations between the frequency of introgressed ancestry and recombination rate or exon density, even in the absence of other types of selection. The direction of these correlations is determined by the specific demography and whether mutations are additive or recessive. Therefore, it is essential that null models include both demography and deleterious variation before invoking reproductive incompatibilities or adaptive introgression to explain unusual patterns of genetic variation.
Does Financial Education Impact Financial Literacy and Financial Behavior, and if so, When?
Year: 2017

A meta analysis of 126 impact evaluation studies finds that financial education significantly impacts financial behavior and, to an even larger extent, financial literacy. These results also hold for the subsample of randomized experiments (RCTs) However, intervention impacts are highly heterogeneous: financial education is less effective for low income clients as well as in low and lower middle income economies. Specific behaviors, such as the handling of debt, are more difficult to influence and mandatory financial education tentatively appears to be less effective. Thus, intervention success depends crucially on increasing education intensity and offering financial education at a "teachable moment."
Iwasawa theory for symmetric powers of CM modular forms at nonordinary primes, II
Year: 2014

Continuing the study of the Iwasawa theory of symmetric powers of CM modular forms at supersingular primes begun by the first author and Antonio Lei, we prove a Main Conjecture equating the "admissible" $p$ adic $L$ functions to characteristic ideals of "finite slope" Selmer modules constructed by the second author. As a key ingredient, we improve Rubin's result on the Main Conjecture of Iwasawa theory for imaginary quadratic fields to an equality at inert primes.
Predictors of weight stigma experienced by middle older aged, general practice patients with obesity in disadvantaged areas of Australia: a cross sectional study
Venue: BMC Public Health
Year: 2018

BackgroundRates of obesity have increased globally and weight stigma is commonly experienced by people with obesity. Feeling stigmatised because of one's weight can be a barrier to healthy eating, physical activity and to seeking help for weight management. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of perceived weight among middle older aged patients with obesity attending general practices in socioeconomically disadvantaged urban areas of Australia.MethodsAs part of a randomised clinical trial in Australia, telephone interviews were conducted with 120 patients from 17 general practices in socioeconomically disadvantaged of Sydney and Adelaide. Patients were aged 40 70 years with a BMI 30 kg/m2. The interviews included questions relating to socio demographic variables (e.g. gender, language spoken at home) experiences of weight related discrimination, and the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) Multi level logistic regression data analysis was undertaken to examine predictors of recent experiences of weight related discrimination "weight stigma".ResultsThe multi level model showed that weight stigma was positively associated with obesity category 2 (BMI 35 to 40; OR 4.47 (95% CI 1.03 to 19.40) and obesity category 3 (BMI 40; OR 27.06 (95% CI 4.85 to 150.95) not being employed (OR 7.70 (95% CI 2.17 to 27.25) non English speaking backgrounds (OR 5.74 (95% CI 1.35 to 24.45) and negatively associated with the HLQ domain: ability to actively engage with healthcare providers (OR 0.12 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.28) There was no association between weight stigma and gender, age, education or the other HLQ domains examined.ConclusionsWeight stigma disproportionately affected the patients with obesity most in need of support to manage their weight: those with more severe obesity, from non English speaking backgrounds and who were not in employment. Additionally, those who had experienced weight stigma were less able to actively engage with healthcare providers further compounding their disadvantage. This suggests the need for a more proactive approach to identify weight stigma by healthcare providers. Addressing weight stigma at the individual, system and population levels is recommended.
Pathology of Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Year: 2018

Small vessel non inflammatory vasculopathy, microvessel occlusion, multifocal microinfarcts, microhaemorrhages and cortical atrophy were most frequently observed pathological changes in NPSLE. Although vasculitis in the brain is rather uncommon, it might be detected in about 10% of patients with NPSLE. It has been revealed that activation of complement appears to play an important role in the development of microvasculopathy in NPSLE. Autoantibodies, including anti phospholipid antibodies, causing direct injury of endothelial cells would be involved in the deposition of complements. Since anti NMDA receptor NR2 antibodies have been demonstrated to react with endothelial cells to induce the production of inflammatory cytokines, it is possible that these antibodies might also result in the microvascular changes in the brain. Recent studies have shed light on the roles of microglia in relation with type I interferons in the pathogenesis of NPSLE.
Spatiotemporal Data Cube Modeling for Integrated Analysis of Multi Source Sensing Data
Venue: IGARSS 2019 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
Year: 2019

One of the significant challenges of spatiotemporal big data management is the inconsistent data structures and organization methods of different data sources, such as remote sensing raster data and location aware social sensing data. Traditional spatial data management systems are unable to support the integrated process and analysis of those data with different data types. Currently, in the field of remote sensing data management and processing, the data cube model is promising for constructing "analysis ready" remote sensing big data. This paper is initiated by the data cube model from data warehousing research area, and investigates the integrated data model and organization methods for remote sensing data and location based social sensing data based on spatiotemporal data cube. Moreover, we implement the spatiotemporal data cube model on an array DBMS, and show a disaster analysis scenario for integrated analysis of multi source spatiotemporal big data.
Effects of temperature and solvent on hydrothermal liquefaction of the corncob for production of phenolic monomers
Year: 2020

The hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) process is a promising direction for the conversion of waste biomass into valuable chemicals/fuels. Optimization of the process parameters for HTL of biomass has been the research scope in recent years. The study aims to examine the effects of process variables such as the effect of temperature, the role of solvents: water (H2O) methanol (CH3OH) and ethanol (C2H5OH) on hydrothermal liquefaction of the corncob biomass. Hydrothermal liquefaction has been carried out at temperatures of 260, 280, and 300 degC with a reaction holding time of 15 min. The maximum bio oil yield was obtained (38.0 wt% at 280 degC in the presence of H2O, whereas in the case of CH3OH and C2H5OH solvents, the maximum bio oil yield was 18.67 wt. and 16.83 wt. at 260 degC and 300 degC, respectively. The solvent efficiency in corncob liquefaction was observed as H2O CH3OH C2H5OH for bio oil production. The obtained bio oils were characterized in detail using GC MS, FT IR, and 1H NMR. From the GC MS analysis of bio oil, the phenolic compounds were observed to a higher degree (60% in the case of H2O solvent than CH3OH and C2H5OH solvent (57% and 46% Also, FT IR analysis showed that higher aromatic functional groups present in bio oil obtained with water solvent while liquefaction with alcoholic solvent showed higher ester functional groups. Moreover, the analysis of bio residues indicated that the decomposition of the corncob occurred in a different way during HTL with the presence of different solvents.
A Framework for Cloud P2P VoD System based on User's Behavior Analysis
Year: 2013

Video distribution over the Internet has already become a major application due to users' growing demand of Video content and continuous growth of network technologies. Recently, as the rapid growth in the number of Video OnDemand (VoD) systems, people ask for more and more video resources, which cause overload on network resources. Therefore, how to use the capability of peers to reduce the server's load and how to maintain the streaming performance for Peer to Peer (P2P) technology. One major quality of video delivery metric is playout latency which can be considered as one of the key challenges that face many researchers nowadays. On the other hand, as cloud computing grows rapidly and more Internet users prefer to watch video or listen to audio online instead of downloading them to their local disk, it is critical and important to provide a cloud data storage and media delivering services continuously to deal with VoD systems. To address the above issues, this paper proposes a novel cloud framework for P2P VoD system based on the analysis of the user's behavior. The proposed framework based on double buffering technology with hybrid caching strategy which is built upon a cloud architecture. Simulation results of the proposed framework are presented and discussed.
A Renewed Reading of Hebrew Ostraca from Cave A 2 at Ramat Beit Shemesh (Nahal Yarmut) Based on Multispectral Imaging
Venue: Vetus Testamentum
Year: 2019

Three Hebrew ostraca, found near Khirbet Zanu' (Horvat Zanoah) and published by Milevski and Naveh in 2005, were re imaged using a high end multispectral imaging technique. The re imaging yielded dozens of changed or added characters and resulted in renewed, larger and improved readings, hereby published. In addition, we interpret the texts of the ostraca and place them in the context of the economy and administration of Judah in the seventh century BCE.
Posaconazole or fluconazole for prophylaxis in severe graft versus host disease.
Venue: The New England journal of medicine
Year: 2007

Invasive fungal infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.  In an international, randomized, double blind trial, we compared oral posaconazole with oral fluconazole for prophylaxis against invasive fungal infections in patients with graft versus host disease (GVHD) who were receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The primary end point was the incidence of proven or probable invasive fungal infections from randomization to day 112 of the fixed treatment period of the study.  Of a total of 600 patients, 301 were assigned to posaconazole and 299 to fluconazole. At the end of the fixed 112 day treatment period, posaconazole was found to be as effective as fluconazole in preventing all invasive fungal infections (incidence, 5.3% and 9.0% respectively; odds ratio, 0.56; 95 percent confidence interval [CI] 0.30 to 1.07; P=0.07) and was superior to fluconazole in preventing proven or probable invasive aspergillosis (2.3% vs. 7.0% odds ratio, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.75; P=0.006) While patients were receiving study medications (exposure period) in the posaconazole group, as compared with the fluconazole group, there were fewer breakthrough invasive fungal infections (2.4% vs. 7.6% P=0.004) particularly invasive aspergillosis (1.0% vs. 5.9% P=0.001) Overall mortality was similar in the two groups, but the number of deaths from invasive fungal infections was lower in the posaconazole group (1% vs. 4% in the fluconazole group; P=0.046) The incidence of treatment related adverse events was similar in the two groups (36% in the posaconazole group and 38% in the fluconazole group) and the rates of treatment related serious adverse events were 13% and 10% respectively.  Posaconazole was similar to fluconazole for prophylaxis against fungal infections among patients with GVHD. It was superior in preventing invasive aspergillosis and reducing the rate of deaths related to fungal infections.
Parenting stress and harsh discipline in China: The moderating roles of marital satisfaction and parent gender.
Venue: Child abuse neglect
Year: 2015

This research examined the relationships between parents' parenting stress and their harsh discipline (psychological aggression and corporal punishment) and the moderating effects of marital satisfaction and parent gender in Chinese societies. Using a sample of 639 Chinese father mother dyads with preschoolers, findings revealed that both mothers' and fathers' parenting stress were directly associated with their harsh discipline. Mothers' marital satisfaction attenuated the association between their parenting stress and harsh discipline. However, fathers' marital satisfaction did not moderate the association between their parenting stress and harsh discipline. Findings from the current study highlight the importance of considering how the dyadic marital relationship factors may interact with individuals' parenting stress to influence both maternal and paternal disciplinary behaviors.
Orman Suclarinda Toplumsal Algi (Kirikkale Ili Ornegi)
Venue: Bartin Orman Fakultesi Dergisi
Year: 2019

Orman kaynaklarinin korunmasinda bircok faktor kendi ic dinamikleri ekseninde onemli etkilere sahiptir. Gelir duzeyi, egitim, kaynaga olan ihtiyac, toplumsal algi ilk akla gelen faktorlerdendir. Bu faktorler icerisinde orman suclarinda toplumsal algi, bu arastirmanin odak noktasidir. Orman suclari, insanin orman ile olan karsilikli etkilesim surecinde tarihin hemen her doneminde karsilasilmis, bazen bu suc olum cezasinin dahi verildigi cok agir yaptirimlara konu olmustur. Bu calisma ile toplumun orman suclarina olan algisi Kirikkale il merkezi ozelinde incelenmistir. Calisma, 400 katilimci ile yuz yuze anket yontemi ile gerceklestirilmistir. Elde edilen veriler Basit Uyum Analizi yontemi ile degerlendirilmistir. Analizler sonucunda Kirikkale il merkezinde orman suclarina yonelik alginin yas, gelir duzeyi ve egitim ozelinde onemli degiskenlikler gosterdigi saptanmistir. Yastaki artisa bagli olarak orman suclarinin onlenmesinde, koruma tedbirlerinin artirilmasindan ziyade toplumun bilinclendirilmesine dogru evirilen bir yonelim oldugu sonucuna ulasilmistir. Egitim duzeyindeki artis ile birlikte cezalarin caydiriciligindan ziyade, toplumun bilinclendirilmesinin daha etkili oldugu, gelir duzeyi arttikca cezadan cok egitim ve halkin bilinclendirilmesinin on plana ciktigi tespit edilmistir. Dolayisi ile ormanlarin korunmasina iliskin planlamalarda yas, egitim ve gelirin kendi icinde ayri ayri degerlendirilerek planlama ve programlarin yapilmasi daha etkili sonuclar ortaya koyacaktir.
The Essential Medicinal Chemistry of Curcumin
Venue: Journal of medicinal chemistry
Year: 2017

Curcumin is a constituent (up to ~5% of the traditional medicine known as turmeric. Interest in the therapeutic use of turmeric and the relative ease of isolation of curcuminoids has led to their extensive investigation. Curcumin has recently been classified as both a PAINS (pan assay interference compounds) and an IMPS (invalid metabolic panaceas) candidate. The likely false activity of curcumin in vitro and in vivo has resulted in >120 clinical trials of curcuminoids against several diseases. No double blinded, placebo controlled clinical trial of curcumin has been successful. This manuscript reviews the essential medicinal chemistry of curcumin and provides evidence that curcumin is an unstable, reactive, nonbioavailable compound and, therefore, a highly improbable lead. On the basis of this in depth evaluation, potential new directions for research on curcuminoids are discussed.
Effects of Concentration and Reaction Time of Trypsin, Pepsin, and Chymotrypsin on the Hydrolysis Efficiency of Porcine Placenta
Venue: Korean journal for food science of animal resources
Year: 2014

This study investigated the effects of three proteases (trypsin, pepsin and chymotrypsin) on the hydrolysis efficiency of porcine placenta and the molecular weight (Mw) distributions of the placental hydrolysates. Because placenta was made up of insoluble collagen, the placenta was gelatinized by applying thermal treatment at 90 for 1 h and used as the sample. The placental hydrolyzing activities of the enzymes at varying concentrations and incubation times were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) Based on the SDS PAGE, the best placental hydrolysis efficiency was observed in trypsin treatments where all peptide bands disappeared after 1 h of incubation as compared to 6 h of chymotrypsin. Pepsin hardly hydrolyzed the placenta as compared to the other two enzymes. The Mw distribution revealed that the trypsin produced placental peptides with Mw of 106 and 500 Da. Peptides produced by chymotrypsin exhibited broad ranges of Mw distribution (1 20 kDa) while the pepsin treatment showed Mw greater than 7 kDa. For comparisons of pre treatments, the subcritical water processing (37.5 MPa and 200 of raw placenta improved the efficiency of tryptic digestions to a greater level than that of a preheating treatment (90 for 1 h) Consequently, subcritical water processing followed by enzymatic digestions has the potential of an advanced collagen hydrolysis technique.
A general feature weighting function for classification problems
Venue: Expert Syst. Appl.
Year: 2017

The salience of a feature can be changed given different queries.Multi modal problems need a flexible weighting function to deal with modality.Proposing a differentiable, flexible, and general weighting function.The proposed is optimized for k NN algorithm and assessed through experiments.The experiment results confirm the effectiveness of proposed weighting function. Feature weighting is a vital step in machine learning tasks that is used to approximate the optimal degree of influence of individual features. Because the salience of a feature can be changed by different queries, the majority of existing methods are not sensitive enough to describe the effectiveness of features. We suggest dynamic weights, which are dynamically sensitive to the effectiveness of features. In order to achieve this, we propose a differentiable feature weighting function that dynamically assigns proper weights for each feature, based on the distinct feature values of the query and the instance. The proposed weighting function, which is an extension of our previous work, is suitable for both single modal and multi modal weighting problems, and, hence, is referred to as a General Weighting Function. The number of parameters of the proposed weighting function is fewer compared to the ordinary weighting methods. To show the performance of the General Weighting Function, we proposed a classification algorithm based on the notion of dynamic weights, which is optimized for one nearest neighbor algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the ordinary feature weighting methods.
Correspondence Schools in Alaska: Enrollment and Cohort Graduation Rates, 2010 17
Venue: Journal of School Choice
Year: 2019

The State of Alaska, by some measures the United States' most rural state, has long supported correspondence schools, a popular school choice option available to all students statewide and used primarily by homeschooled students. This paper first explores Alaska correspondence schools in historical context, and then quantifies capture rate, enrollment by race/ethnicity, grade distributions, and cohort graduation rates for the years 2010 17. Findings include a steady increase in the proportion of Alaskan students enrolled in correspondence schools between 2010 and 2017; disproportionate enrollment of Alaskan students identified as White in correspondence schools between 2010 and 2017; enrollment peaks in late high school during 2014 17; and significantly lower 4 and 5 year cohort graduation rates among students enrolled in correspondence schools compared to those enrolled in traditional public schools.
Gender equality in science, medicine, and global health: where are we at and why does it matter?
Venue: The Lancet
Year: 2019

The purpose of this Review is to provide evidence for why gender equality in science, medicine, and global health matters for health and health related outcomes. We present a high level synthesis of global gender data, summarise progress towards gender equality in science, medicine, and global health, review the evidence for why gender equality in these fields matters in terms of health and social outcomes, and reflect on strategies to promote change. Notwithstanding the evolving landscape of global gender data, the overall pattern of gender equality for women in science, medicine, and global health is one of mixed gains and persistent challenges. Gender equality in science, medicine, and global health has the potential to lead to substantial health, social, and economic gains. Positioned within an evolving landscape of gender activism and evidence, our Review highlights missed and future opportunities, as well as the need to draw upon contemporary social movements to advance the field.
Classification of Intrusion Detection using PSO SVM and Improved Decision Tree
Year: 2017

Intrusion Detection is an efficient way of detecting the abnormal behavior of packets in the network, Although in data mining there are various effective decision tree based algorithms are implemented for the classification and detection of Intrusions in KDDCup99 Dataset. Here an efficient technique is implemented for the classification and detection of Intrusions in KDDCup99 Dataset using Feature Selection and Decision Tree based algorithms. The Proposed methodology works in two Stages Feature Selection using Particle Swarm Optimization with Optimization of PSO by Support Vector Machine and then Classification of Intrusion using Horizontal Partition Decision Tree. The Proposed Methodology implemented is more efficient in comparison with Decision Tree based algorithms.