nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase III, Randomized Study of Dual Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Blockade With Lapatinib Plus Trastuzumab in Combination With an Aromatase Inhibitor in Postmenopausal Women With HER2 Positive, Hormone Receptor Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: Updated Results of ALTERNATIVE.
Venue: Journal of clinical oncology official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
Year: 2020

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) targeting plus endocrine therapy (ET) improved clinical benefit in HER2 positive, hormone receptor (HR) positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) versus ET alone. Dual HER2 blockade enhances clinical benefit versus single HER2 blockade. The ALTERNATIVE study evaluated the efficacy and safety of dual HER2 blockade plus aromatase inhibitor (AI) in postmenopausal women with HER2 positive/HR positive MBC who received prior ET and prior neo(adjuvant)/first line trastuzumab (TRAS) plus chemotherapy. This updated article reflects minor numerical corrections in some secondary efficacy analyses that resulted from programming errors and that do not change the major conclusions of the study.  Patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive lapatinib (LAP) plus TRAS plus AI, TRAS plus AI, or LAP plus AI. Patients for whom chemotherapy was intended were excluded. The primary end point was progression free survival (PFS; investigator assessed) with LAP plus TRAS plus AI versus TRAS plus AI. Secondary end points were PFS (comparison of other arms) overall survival (OS) overall response rate (ORR) clinical benefit rate (CBR) and safety.  Three hundred fifty five patients were included in this analysis: LAP plus TRAS plus AI (n 120) TRAS plus AI (n 117) and LAP plus AI (n 118) Baseline characteristics were balanced. The study met its primary end point; superior PFS was observed with LAP plus TRAS plus AI versus TRAS plus AI (median PFS, 11 v 5.6 months; hazard ratio, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.45 to 0.88] P .0063) A consistent PFS benefit was observed in predefined subgroups. ORR, CBR, and OS also favored LAP plus TRAS plus AI. The median PFS with LAP plus AI versus TRAS plus AI was 8.3 versus 5.6 months (hazard ratio, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.62 to 1.17] P .3159) Common adverse events (AEs; 15% with LAP plus TRAS plus AI, TRAS plus AI, and LAP plus AI were diarrhea (69% 9% and 51% respectively) rash (36% 2% and 28% respectively) nausea (22% 9% and 22% respectively) and paronychia (30% 0% and 15% respectively) mostly grade 1 or 2. Serious AEs were reported similarly across the 3 groups, and AEs leading to discontinuation were lower with LAP plus TRAS plus AI.  Dual HER2 blockade with LAP plus TRAS plus AI showed superior PFS benefit versus TRAS plus AI in patients with HER2 positive/HR positive MBC. This combination offers an effective and safe chemotherapy sparing alternative treatment regimen for this patient population.
The Case Study in Family Business
Year: 2016

In this study, we identified and analyzed 75 articles in the family business (FB) literature between 2000 and 2014 as to the case study design they adopted. We found that the positivistic case study approach is the FB disciplinary convention. The two alternative approaches of critical realism and interpretivism are used to a significantly lesser extent. We anticipate that in the future the positivistic approach will continue to be used widely. The other two approaches can be employed to a higher extent since their use is likely to contribute to a scientific pluralism in FB case study research.
"I never told anyone until the #metoo movement" What can we learn from sexual abuse and sexual assault disclosures made through social media?
Venue: Child abuse neglect
Year: 2020

Social media is providing new avenues for survivors to disclose sexual abuse and/or assault. Since the creation of #MeToo (2017) and the larger MeToo movement founded by American activist Tarana Burke in 2006, millions are disclosing sexual assaults and past childhood sexual abuse on line.  Social media for disclosing the highly stigmatized problem of sexual abuse/assault was studied to build knowledge about on line disclosures.  Participants were tweeters and posters on Twitter and Reddit. Purposive sampling captured on line sexual abuse/assault disclosures from September 28, 2018 to October 16, 2018 for thematic analysis.  Using a phenomenological design 171 social media posts were analyzed for deeper understanding into new options for disclosing sexual abuse and/or sexual assault. Posts were independently coded by the authors. Sampling was stopped when categorical saturation was reached with no new information coming forward on the research question.  Themes that emerged showed the MeToo/#MeToo movement is precipitating sexual abuse/assault disclosures on social media in unprecedented ways; posters identified internal barriers, mixed responses from family, and friends/peers, as well as variable responses from professionals. While some conditions for sexual abuse/assault disclosures have improved, barriers still exist.  Social media represents an environmental shift for disclosing sexual violence. Sexual abuse/assault survivors have found voice through social media after periods of silence and being silenced, turning to posting on line when people and systems have failed to validate and support them. Further investigation is needed on the impacts of on line sexual abuse and/or assault disclosures.
Celebrity Political Endorsement and Young Voters in Europe: A Five Country Comparison on Celebrity Support Effectiveness in the European Elections
Year: 2019

Celebrity political endorsement is an internationally common phenomenon that has substantially increased over recent years. It refers to celebrities who publicly support political candidates or parties, often in election campaigns. Because most studies focus on the United States, little is known about the effects of celebrity political endorsement in Europe. Our study aims to contribute to the European perspective by testing the effectiveness of such endorsements in the context of the 2014 European parliamentary elections. We conducted online experiments in five European countries Germany, Great Britain, Poland, Spain, and Sweden to measure effects of celebrity endorsements on attitudes toward the EU and on vote intention. Endorser attributes (political expertise, trustworthiness, and likability) and characteristics of the respondents (political interest and gender) were included as moderating variables. Our results show only a few statistically significant effects, which are furthermore inconsistent with the theoretical assumptions. Given that celebrity political endorsement does not elicit the assumed effects in European countries, we discuss possible explanations for our results.
Digital Competence of Future Secondary School Teachers: Differences According to Gender, Age, and Branch of Knowledge
Year: 2020

The development of related technological skills in secondary students is perceived as unachievable if the teachers do not have enough technological expertise to guide their students. This study was based on investigating digital competence on the population of graduate students undertaking a Master's degree in Education to train as teachers for the secondary educational level. The study made it possible to conclude, on the one hand, the homogeneity of university degrees within the scope of the Bologna Plan, with respect to mean levels of digital training. On the other hand, more exhaustively, differences have come to light concerning specific training on the different digital competence areas in the DigComp evaluation system, related to gender, branch of knowledge, age, and by considering the self perception of individuals on their own capabilities in everyday technological issues. Consequently, the need for incorporating an ICT syllabus into the subjects covered by a Master's in education has been highlighted, as well as promoting females, older people, and nontechnological degrees. Digital training on critical competence areas for teaching, such as the creation of digital content, suffers from major shortcomings and should also be promoted.
The selectivity of moral disengagement in defenders of cyberbullying: Contextual moral disengagement
Venue: Comput. Hum. Behav.
Year: 2019

The lack of defending in bystanders to cyberbullying has been linked with the process of moral disengagement, which allows bystanders to justify the morality of their inactivity after witnessing a cyberbullying episode. Context is central in this process as individuals assess the specific contextual cues present within each episode, and it is this assessment that informs their subsequent behavior. Despite the importance of context in moral disengagement, researchers have yet to take this factor into account. To address this gap in literature, the present study examines the role of contextual factors on moral disengagement in specific cyberbullying episodes, and how this process influences cyber defending. This study also consolidates inconsistent results from studies examining moral disengagement and defending by examining defending as a multifaceted construct involving aggressive and constructive defending. To examine these issues, 540 Grade 7 and 9 students completed a survey assessing moral disengagement and defending self efficacy in two cyberbullying scenarios. Results revealed that in both scenarios, contextualized moral disengagement is shown to be associated with aggressive and constructive defending self efficacy above and beyond general moral disengagement. Higher levels of contextual moral disengagement are also related to greater aggressive defending self efficacy whereas lower contextual moral disengagement is linked with greater pro social defending self efficacy. These results call for an increased focus on contextual factors when examining morality in cyberbullying and highlight the need to differentiate between pro social and aggressive forms of defending.
Language independent framework for static code analysis
Venue: BCI '13
Year: 2013

The aim of this paper is to describe a framework consisting of a set of static analyzers. The main characteristic of all incorporated tools is their independency of input programming language. This independency is based on a universal representation of the source code that is to be analyzed. The overall goal of this research is to provide a framework that is suitable for consistent analysis of the source code with the intention to ensure, check, and consequently increase the quality of the heterogeneous software products. The framework currently integrates three tools: software metrics tool SMIILE, extractor of software networks SNEIPL and structure change analyzer SSCA, with tendency to extend this set of components. Further application of these tools in collaboration with other tools on higher level provides even broader applicability of described framework.
Hemolytic Potential of Tafenoquine in Female Volunteers Heterozygous for Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency (G6PD Mahidol Variant) versus G6PD Normal Volunteers
Venue: The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
Year: 2017

Tafenoquine is an 8 aminoquinoline under investigation for the prevention of relapse in Plasmodium vivax malaria. This open label, dose escalation study assessed quantitatively the hemolytic risk with tafenoquine in female healthy volunteers heterozygous for the Mahidol487A glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient variant versus G6PD normal females, and with reference to primaquine. Six G6PD heterozygous subjects (G6PD enzyme activity 40 60% of normal) and six G6PD normal subjects per treatment group received single dose tafenoquine (100, 200, or 300 mg) or primaquine (15 mg x 14 days) All participants had pretreatment hemoglobin levels 12.0 g/dL. Tafenoquine dose escalation stopped when hemoglobin decreased by 2.5 g/dL (or hematocrit decline 7.5% versus pretreatment values in 3/6 subjects. A dose response was evident in G6PD heterozygous subjects (N 15) receiving tafenoquine for the maximum decrease in hemoglobin versus pretreatment values. Hemoglobin declines were similar for tafenoquine 300 mg 2.65 to 2.95 g/dL [N 3] and primaquine 1.25 to 3.0 g/dL [N 5] Two further cohorts of G6PD heterozygous subjects with G6PD enzyme levels 61 80% (N 2) and 80% (N 5) of the site median normal received tafenoquine 200 mg; hemolysis was less pronounced at higher G6PD enzyme activities. Tafenoquine hemolytic potential was dose dependent, and hemolysis was greater in G6PD heterozygous females with lower G6PD enzyme activity levels. Single dose tafenoquine 300 mg did not appear to increase the severity of hemolysis versus primaquine 15 mg x 14 days.
Essays in financial econometrics and quantitative industrial organization
Year: 2015

This dissertation consists of one essay in financial econometrics and two essays in quantitative industrial organization. The first essay studies the relationship between stock return volatility and current and prior shocks to oil price volatility. We study the behavior of aggregate stock markets as well as individual industry sectors. Our results show that lagged stock return volatility is the main determinant of current stock return volatility in aggregate markets, with oil price volatility providing no additional information that can be used to forecast stock return volatility. For individual industry sectors, we find a robust and stable prediction relationship only for the chemicals industry. Additional estimation exercises confirm the robustness of these results. The second essay uses a Bertrand Nash price competition framework to model a vertically integrated provider (VIP) that is a monopoly supplier of an essential input for downstream production. An input price that is "too high" can lead to inefficient foreclosure and one that is "too low" creates incentives for nonprice discrimination. The range of non exclusionary input prices is circumscribed by the input prices generated on the basis of upper bound and lowerbound displacement ratios. The admissible range of the ratio of downstream to upstream "price cost" margins for the VIP is increasing in the degree of product differentiation and reduces to a single ratio in the limit as the products become perfectly homogeneous. The third essay explores the relationship between upstream input prices and downstream market exclusion under a Stackelberg quantity competition framework. Market exclusion is a concern when input prices are "too high" and "too low" because it can result in inefficient foreclosure and sabotage, respectively. Consistent with the results obtained in the second essay, the safe harbor range of downstream to upstream "price cost" margin ratios is decreasing in the degree of product homogeneity and approaches a single ratio in the limit as the products become perfectly homogeneous. This single margin ratio preserves equality between the VIP's wholesale and retail "price cost" margins. A key finding for competition policy is that the bounds of non exclusionary input prices are markedly wider under Bertrand Nash competition than they are under Stackelberg competition. Hence, it is critical that the antitrust and regulatory authorities understand the nature of the industry competition so that rules governing permissible conduct are properly calibrated to yield efficient outcomes. ESSAYS IN FINANCIAL ECONOMETRICS AND QUANTITATIVE INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION
A Non Stationary Model for Statistical Arbitrage Trading
Year: 2010

In this paper we present a non stationary model for statistical arbitrage trading. This model represents the security price as the sum of an arithmetic Brownian motion and an Ornstein Uhlenbeck process. A continuous time trading strategy is derived for the process and expressions for the expected value and the variance of the return are formulated. Analytic solutions to problem are obtained in the case where the non stationary component has zero drift.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Airflow Alteration in the Trachea Before and After Vascular Ring Surgery
Year: 2013

Vascular rings, congenital intracardic anomalies of the aortic arch and the vessels emerging from the heart, completely encircle the trachea and esophagus  The vascular ring results in narrowing and obstruction of the trachea and the esophagus. Due to the existence of a complete or partial vascular ring compressing either the trachea or esophagus, symptoms of a vascular ring in children include cough, stridor, chronic cough, dysphagia, persistent wheeze, and noisy breathing  Some studies reported that the vascular ring surgery provides an excellent chance to improve the patient respiration conditions, especially for relief of symptoms [1 3] Al Bassam et al. reported that the thoracoscopic division of vascular rings in infants and children is a safe and effective surgery rather than an open thoracotomy[4] Even after the treatment of a surgical division of the vascular ring, however, the fixed obstruction is relieved but the patient continues to have dynamic collapse because the compressed trachea segment is always malacic. Airway resistance to flow in the airway, thus, is a key factor for not only clinical diagnosis severity assessment but also therapeutic decision in tracheal stenosis. Furthermore, Malve et al. (2011) utilized the finite element based commercial software code (ADINA R&D Inc. to model the fluid structure interaction of a human trachea under different ventilation conditions  They also found that the positive pressure in the trachea does not result in the airway collapse during the time period of mechanical breathing. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to use the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique to calculate the local pressure drops in the tracheal segment for different inspiratory and expiratory flow rates due to preoperative and preoperative vascular ring surgery.
The transformation and mobility of charcoal in a fire impacted watershed
Year: 2007

The incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and biomass has resulted in the global scale distribution and accumulation of black carbon (BC) in the environment. Recently, the molecular identity of BC in the dissolved phase has been distinguished from that of natural organic matter. However, many of the processes that control BC cycling remain unidentified. We investigate changes in soil charcoal particle morphology and chemical composition using surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy, chemical oxidation, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. A comparison of soil charcoals differing in age by 100 years shows that aged charcoal has lower specific surface areas, higher BC/OC ratios, direct associations with soil minerals and microbial biomass, and a greater abundance of non aromatic carbon. The water soluble portion of soil charcoal and dissolved organic matter (DOM) from the watershed were also characterized by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Aqueous charcoal extracts are comprised mostly of condensed aromatic ring structures (CARS) which are also present in soil pore, river, and ground water samples. We present indirect evidence and a chemical rationale for a microbial BC dissolution mechanism. Furthermore, the speciation of CARS in the soil solution versus river and ground water provides molecular evidence of reactivity in the dissolved phase. The dissolution and export of soil BC are presently unmeasured fluxes with important implications for the global carbon cycle.
Adaptive Feature Weight Learning For Robust Clustering Problem with Sparse Constraint
Venue: ICASSP 2021 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)
Year: 2021

Clustering task has been greatly developed in recent years like partition based and graph based methods. However, in terms of improving robustness, most existing algorithms only focus on noise and outliers between data, while ignoring the noise in feature space. To deal with this situation, we propose a novel weight learning mechanism to adaptively reweight each feature in the data. Combining with the clustering task, we further propose a robust fuzzy K Means model based on the auto weighted feature learning, which can effectively reduce the proportion of noisy features. Besides, a regularization term is introduced into our model to make the sample to clusters memberships of each sample have suitable sparsity. Specifically, we design an effective strategy to determine the value of the regularization parameter. The experimental results on both synthetic and real world datasets demonstrate that our model has better performance than other classical algorithms.
Scan, plan, print, practice, perform: Development and use of a patient specific 3 dimensional printed model in adult cardiac surgery
Venue: The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
Year: 2017

Static 3 dimensional printing is used for operative planning in cases that involve difficult anatomy. An interactive 3D print allowing deliberate surgical practice would represent an advance.  Two patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy had 3 dimensional prints constructed preoperatively. Stereolithography files were generated by segmentation of chest computed tomographic scans. Prints were made with hydrogel material, yielding tissue like models that can be surgically manipulated. Septal myectomy of the print was performed preoperatively in the simulation laboratory. Volumetric measures of print and patient resected specimens were compared. An assessment tool was developed and used to rate the utility of this process. Clinical and echocardiographic data were reviewed.  There was congruence between volumes of print and patient resection specimens (patient 1, 3.5 cm3 and 3.0 cm3, respectively; patient 2, 4.0 cm3 and 4.0 cm3, respectively) The prints were rated useful (3.5 and 3.6 on a 5 point Likert scale) for preoperative visualization, planning, and practice. Intraoperative echocardiographic assessment showed adequate relief of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (patient 1, 80 mm Hg to 18 mm Hg; patient 2, 96 mm Hg to 9 mm Hg) Both patients reported symptomatic improvement (New York Heart Association functional class III to class I)  Three dimensional printing of interactive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy heart models allows for patient specific preoperative simulation. Resection volume relationships were congruous on both specimens and suggest evidence of construct validity. This model also holds educational promise for simulation of a low volume, high risk operation that is traditionally difficult to teach.
Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan, Porsi Saham Publik dan Umur Perusahaan Terhadap Kelengkapan Pengungkapan Laporan Keuangan Perusahaan Barang Konsumsi
Year: 2019

This research has purpose to analyze the influence of leverage ratio, liquidity ratio, profitability, public stock portion, and company's age to completeness of financial statement disclosure at consumer goods company listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) Data collection using purposive sampling method at company goods consumption listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2011 2013. A total of 72 companies were used as samples in this study. There are 73 items completeness of financial statement disclosure. This research uses multiple regression is used to test analyze the factors that affect the completeness of the disclosure of financial statements. The results showed that the independent variables that significantly influence the disclosure of financial statements are profitability and public stock portion. However, the leverage, liquidity, and age of the company do not affect the financial statement disclosure items.