nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Key Odorants in Hanyuan and Hancheng Fried Pepper (Zanthoxylum bungeanum) Oil.
Venue: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
Year: 2020

Fried pepper (Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. oil has been widely used in traditional Chinese cuisine and has recently become increasingly popular in food manufacturing. Thus, the aroma profiles of Hancheng pepper oil (HCPO) and Hanyuan pepper oil (HYPO) from two regions were investigated by aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) combined with gas chromatography mass spectrometry olfactometry (GC MS O) Results from AEDA showed that more aroma compounds with flavor dilution (FD) factors of =9 were detected in the HCPO than in the HYPO. The odor activity values (OAVs) revealed 28 odorants with OAVs of =1 in HCPO or HYPO. High OAVs were in particular obtained for 1,8 cineole, (E) 2 heptenal, b myrcene, b ocimene, limonene and linalool. Then, the aroma profiles of HCPO and HYPO were successfully simulated through aroma recombination models. Omission tests suggested that b phellandrene, p cymene, acetic acid octyl ester, octanal, citronellol and sabinene played key roles in aroma differences between HCPO and HYPO. In addition, varying enantiomeric ratios of linalool (floral) and limonene (citrus like and lemon like) in HCPO and HYPO were observed by chiral GC MS, and the odor impressions of limonene and linalool were in good agreement with the odor descriptions of S limonene and S linalool.
Clinical Characteristics of 24 Asymptomatic Infections with COVID 19 Screened among Close Contacts in Nanjing, China
Venue: medRxiv
Year: 2020

Previous studies have showed clinical characteristics of patients with the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID 19) and the evidence of person to person transmission. Limited data are available for asymptomatic infections. This study aims to present the clinical characteristics of 24 cases with asymptomatic infection screened from close contacts and to show the transmission potential of asymptomatic COVID 19 virus carriers.  Epidemiological investigations were conducted among all close contacts of COVID 19 patients (or suspected patients) in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China, from Jan 28 to Feb 9, 2020, both in clinic and in community. Asymptomatic carriers were laboratory confirmed positive for the COVID 19 virus by testing the nucleic acid of the pharyngeal swab samples. Their clinical records, laboratory assessments, and chest CT scans were reviewed.  None of the 24 asymptomatic cases presented any obvious symptoms before nucleic acid screening. Five cases (20.8% developed symptoms (fever, cough, fatigue and etc. during hospitalization. Twelve (50.0% cases showed typical CT images of ground glass chest and five (20.8% presented stripe shadowing in the lungs. The remaining seven (29.2% cases showed normal CT image and had no symptoms during hospitalization. These seven cases were younger (median age: 14.0 years; P 0.012) than the rest. None of the 24 cases developed severe COVID 19 pneumonia or died. The median communicable period, defined as the interval from the first day of positive nucleic acid tests to the first day of continuous negative tests, was 9.5 days (up to 21 days among the 24 asymptomatic cases) Through epidemiological investigation, we observed a typical asymptomatic transmission to the cohabiting family members, which even caused severe COVID 19 pneumonia.  The asymptomatic carriers identified from close contacts were prone to be mildly ill during hospitalization. However, the communicable period could be up to three weeks and the communicated patients could develop severe illness. These results highlighted the importance of close contact tracing and longitudinally surveillance via virus nucleic acid tests. Further isolation recommendation and continuous nucleic acid tests may also be recommended to the patients discharged.
Accelerated Rhodamine B removal by enlarged anode electric biological (EAEB) with electro biological particle electrode (EPE) made from steel converter slag (SCS)
Venue: Bioresource technology
Year: 2019

Electro biological particle electrode (EPE) made from steel converter slag (SCS) was used as a particle electrode in an enlarged anode electric biological (EAEB) reactor for Rhodamine B (RhB) wastewater treatment, and its purification performance and microbial community were examined. The results revealed that (1) the EAEB reactor showed much higher average removal rates of RhB, COD and NH4+ N, i.e. 91.68% 87.63% and 90.54% which meant an increase by 59.86% 20.48% and 14.22% respectively, compared with BAF; (2) The optimum current intensity (CI) for simultaneously removing RhB, COD and NH4+ N in the EAEB reactor was at 1.00 A; and (3)Methylophilus, Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Pelomonas and Zoogloea accounted for the main bacterial community in EAEB. Therefore, the EAEB reactor with EPE produced from steel converter slag (SCS) was suitable to simultaneously remove RhB, COD and NH4+ N.
Editorial: the Salamanca Statement: 25 years on
Venue: International Journal of Inclusive Education
Year: 2019

June 2019 saw the 25th anniversary of the World Conference on Special Needs Education, which was co organized by UNESCO and the Ministry of Education and Science of Spain, and held in the city of Salamanca. It led to the Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action on Special Needs Education, arguably the most significant international document that has ever appeared in the field of special education. In so doing, it endorsed the idea of inclusive education, which was to become a major influence in subsequent years. The articles in this special issue illustrate the ways in which the Salamanca Statement has and still is influencing the development of policies and practices across the world. In this editorial, we provide readers with some relevant background to these developments.
Determination of Labile Cadmium in Agricultural Soils by Isotope Dilution Plasma Mass Spectrometry and a Coprecipitation Separation Technique
Year: 2008

Isotope dilution techniques were examined in order to determine the E value (isotopically exchangeable pool or labile pool) of cadmium (Cd) in uncontaminated soil. In order to avoid spectral interference, coprecipitation separation was applied before taking inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS) measurements. An enriched 113Cd solution was added to a soil suspension (15 g of soil and 150 mL of water) and then a 2 mL aliquot of it was sampled and filtered immediately at different exchange times. By addition of a sodium hydroxide solution to the filtered solution, Cd coprecipitated with major constituents in the filtered solution, such as iron and magnesium. After the supernatant was discarded, the precipitate was dissolved by adding 1.5 mL of 0.2 mol/L nitric acid. After this treatment, the 113Cd/114Cd ratio in the soil solution could be measured with high precision, within RSD 5% The correction of mass bias was not required. The proportion of E values to total Cd concentration in the soil samples ranged between 50 and 60% These results indicate that the E value of Cd in uncontaminated soil can be measured by using both coprecipitation separation and isotope dilution ICP MS.
CANZSL: Cycle Consistent Adversarial Networks for Zero Shot Learning from Natural Language
Venue: 2020 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV)
Year: 2020

Existing methods using generative adversarial approaches for Zero Shot Learning (ZSL) aim to generate realistic visual features from class semantics by a single generative alignment, which is highly under constrained. As a result, the previous methods cannot guarantee that the generated visual features can truthfully reflect the corresponding semantics. To address this issue, we propose a novel method named Cycle consistent Adversarial Networks for Zero Shot Learning (CANZSL) It encourages a visual feature generator to synthesize realistic visual features from semantics, and then inversely translate back the synthesized visual features to the corresponding semantic space by a semantic feature generator. Furthermore, in this paper a more challenging and practical ZSL problem is considered where the original semantics are from natural language with irrelevant words instead of clean semantics, which are widely used in previous work. Specifically, a multi modal consistent bidirectional generative adversarial model is trained to handle unseen instances by suppressing noise in the natural language. A forward one to many mapping from the class level descriptions to the visual features is coupled with an inverse many to one mapping from the visual space to the semantic space. Thus, a multi modal cycle consistency loss between the synthesized semantic representations and the ground truth can be learned and leveraged to enforce the generated semantic features to approximate to the real distribution in semantic space. Extensive experiments are conducted to demonstrate that our method consistently outperforms state of the art approaches on natural language based zero shot learning tasks.
Complex Recombination Patterns Arising during Geminivirus Coinfections Preserve and Demarcate Biologically Important Intra Genome Interaction Networks
Venue: PLoS pathogens
Year: 2011

Genetic recombination is an important process during the evolution of many virus species and occurs particularly frequently amongst begomoviruses in the single stranded DNA virus family, Geminiviridae. As in many other recombining viruses it is apparent that non random recombination breakpoint distributions observable within begomovirus genomes sampled from nature are the product of variations both in basal recombination rates across genomes and in the over all viability of different recombinant genomes. Whereas factors influencing basal recombination rates might include local degrees of sequence similarity between recombining genomes, nucleic acid secondary structures and genomic sensitivity to nuclease attack or breakage, the viability of recombinant genomes could be influenced by the degree to which their co evolved protein protein and protein nucleotide and nucleotide nucleotide interactions are disreputable by recombination. Here we investigate patterns of recombination that occur over 120 day long experimental infections of tomato plants with the begomoviruses Tomato yellow leaf curl virus and Tomato leaf curl Comoros virus. We show that patterns of sequence exchange between these viruses can be extraordinarily complex and present clear evidence that factors such as local degrees of sequence similarity but not genomic secondary structure strongly influence where recombination breakpoints occur. It is also apparent from our experiment that over all patterns of recombination are strongly influenced by selection against individual recombinants displaying disrupted intra genomic interactions such as those required for proper protein and nucleic acid folding. Crucially, we find that selection favoring the preservation of co evolved longer range protein protein and protein DNA interactions is so strong that its imprint can even be used to identify the exact sequence tracts involved in these interactions.
Bifacial Kesterite Solar Cells on FTO Substrates
Year: 2017

The thin film kesterite type Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) and Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1 x)4 (CZTSSe) chalcogenides are promising materials due to their composition based on earth abundant elements and proven photovoltaic performance in solar cells. The use of transparent back electrodes for photovoltaic applications, adds to this family of thin film devices a plethora of possible technological applications including generating electrical power also from the rear side, thus becoming bifacial devices. This work reports a strategy to improve the transparent back electrode/absorber interface that consists of the insertion of a molybdenum (Mo) or a Mo doped with sodium (Mo:Na) nanolayer between the transparent electrode and the kesterite absorber. The CZTSe and CZTSSe absorbers have been fabricated onto fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates from sputtered metals followed by reactive annealing on Se+Sn and Se+S+Sn atmosphere respectively, at 525 and 550 degC annealing temperatures. By Raman scattering of the back interface through.
Colour image watermarking for tamper proofing and pattern based recovery
Year: 2012

The rapid development of the internet allows digital media being easily delivered, copied and even tampered. The watermarking issue has thus focused mainly on the medium of authentication. In this study, an efficient self embedding watermarking scheme for colour image authentication is proposed. The scheme is designed to achieve tamper proofing and high quality recovery. The scheme is efficient because the validity of image blocks is simply proofed by using a dual option parity check method and morphological operations. The former is used to generate authentication information for obtaining better results of tamper proofing and the latter is used to further improve the neighbouring connectivity of the proofing results. To achieve high quality recovery of the tampered image, the feature information of the host colour image and its corresponding block edge pattern information are properly organised to embed into three colour components of the host colour image. Meanwhile, the embedding information is appropriately distributed over luminance and chrominance components of the colour image in the YCbCr colour space such that the quality of the watermarked image can be better obtained. The simulation results show that the proposed watermarking scheme can effectively proof the tempered region with high detection rate and can restore the tempered region with high quality.
El Nino in a changing climate
Venue: Nature
Year: 2009

El Nino events, characterized by anomalous warming in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, have global climatic teleconnections and are the most dominant feature of cyclic climate variability on subdecadal timescales. Understanding changes in the frequency or characteristics of El Nino events in a changing climate is therefore of broad scientific and socioeconomic interest. Recent studies show that the canonical El Nino has become less frequent and that a different kind of El Nino has become more common during the late twentieth century, in which warm sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the central Pacific are flanked on the east and west by cooler SSTs. This type of El Nino, termed the central Pacific El Nino (CP El Nino; also termed the dateline El Nino, El Nino Modoki or warm pool El Nino) differs from the canonical eastern Pacific El Nino (EP El Nino) in both the location of maximum SST anomalies and tropical midlatitude teleconnections. Here we show changes in the ratio of CP El Nino to EP El Nino under projected global warming scenarios from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 multi model data set. Using calculations based on historical El Nino indices, we find that projections of anthropogenic climate change are associated with an increased frequency of the CP El Nino compared to the EP El Nino. When restricted to the six climate models with the best representation of the twentieth century ratio of CP El Nino to EP El Nino, the occurrence ratio of CP El Nino/EP El Nino is projected to increase as much as five times under global warming. The change is related to a flattening of the thermocline in the equatorial Pacific.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NETWORKS OF OPEN ZERO BUFFER MULTI SERVER QUEUES
Year: 2009

In this paper we aim to accurately evaluate the performance of open zero buffer multi server general queueing networks. The measure of interest is the throughput, which is evaluated by mean of a well know tool, the Generalized Expansion Metthod (GEM) The GEM is a nodeby node decomposition method successfully used in the past to approximately evaluate the performance of finite queues. We compare the results provided by the GEM with those of simulation. Our experiments attest for the quality of the GEM. A wide range of testing instances was analyzed, including different basic topologies. For all cases tested, the errors were below 16% which is quite satisfactory for optimization purposes, to be carried out in the next step of this research.
Protocol for the design of an instrument to measure preadolescent children's self report of covert aggression and bullying
Venue: BMJ Open
Year: 2015

Covert bullying in schools is associated with a range of academic, social, emotional and physical health problems. Much research has focused on bullying, but there remains a gap in understanding about covert aggression and how to most accurately and reliably measure children's own reports of this behaviour. This paper reviews relevant literature and outlines a research project that aims to develop a self report instrument that effectively measures covert aggression and bullying. It is anticipated that this research will result in a standardised instrument that is suitable for exploring preadolescent children's experiences of covert aggressive behaviour. The data collected by the instrument will enhance health and education professionals understanding of covert bullying behaviours and will inform the design and evaluation of interventions.  Relational developmental systems theory will guide the design of an online self report instrument. The first phase of the project will include a critical review of the research literature, focus groups with children aged 8 12 years (grades 4 6) in Perth, Western Australia, and expert review. The instrument will be explored for content and face validity prior to the assessment of convergent and discriminant validity, internal consistency and test retest reliability. Ethics and dissemination The study has been approved by the Curtin University of Human Research Ethics Committee (RDHS 38 15) and by the Executive Principal of the participating school.
Airborne pollen maps for olive growing areas throughout the Mediterranean region: spatio temporal interpretation
Venue: Aerobiologia
Year: 2015

The aim of this study was the elaboration and the spatio temporal interpretation of Olea europaea L. airborne pollen maps across the main olive cultivation areas within the Mediterranean basin (i.e. Tunisia, Spain, Italy) The study was performed using aerobiological databases recorded from 27 georeferenced study sites. Maps were elaborated for different 10 day period through spring and summer: 1, 10, 20, 30 April; 10, 20, 30 May; 9, 19, 30 June; and 10 July. Average pollen counts in each study site were considered for the 13 year period from 1999 to 2011. Both these 10 day period of pollen emission data and the geographical coordinates were used as variables in the elaboration of the 10 day period maps. The 'Natural Neighbour' interpolation method was used. The statistical relationship between spatial location and maximum pollen emission was studied using linear regression and cluster analyses. The airborne pollen maps show a spatio temporal pattern in the pollen season. The maximum pollen emission is progressively delayed with northward changes in latitude, and the classification of the Olea maximum pollen emission date into four latitudinal categories is defined. The maximum Olea pollen concentrations were mainly recorded around 20 May. Early flowering in Tunisia coastal zones can indicate the onset of the olive pollen release season in the occidental Mediterranean region, while the central olive growing areas in Italy can indicate the end of the olive pollen release season. These maps give information of the major risk days to the people who are allergic to olive pollen.
HOW PATH GOAL THEORY ENHANCE VILLAGE ADMINISTRATOR PRODUCTIVITY IN INDONESIA COLLECTIVE CULTURE
Year: 2021

Aim of this research is to examine the effect of the head of village path goal leadership styles toward village administrator productivity. The object of the research are 100 village administrator from 10 different village recruited with some requirement Results show leadership styles explained only 9% of the variance in perceived level of productivity. Achievement oriented leadership style most significantly improved village administrator productivity in Javanese, Indonesia collective culture.
Sodium Channels and Venom Peptide Pharmacology.
Venue: Advances in pharmacology
Year: 2017

Venomous animals including cone snails, spiders, scorpions, anemones, and snakes have evolved a myriad of components in their venoms that target the opening and/or closing of voltage gated sodium channels to cause devastating effects on the neuromuscular systems of predators and prey. These venom peptides, through design and serendipity, have not only contributed significantly to our understanding of sodium channel pharmacology and structure, but they also represent some of the most phyla and isoform selective molecules that are useful as valuable tool compounds and drug leads. Here, we review our understanding of the basic function of mammalian voltage gated sodium channel isoforms as well as the pharmacology of venom peptides that act at these key transmembrane proteins.
Vision based real estate price estimation
Venue: Machine Vision and Applications
Year: 2018

Since the advent of online real estate database companies like Zillow, Trulia and Redfin, the problem of automatic estimation of market values for houses has received considerable attention. Several real estate websites provide such estimates using a proprietary formula. Although these estimates are often close to the actual sale prices, in some cases they are highly inaccurate. One of the key factors that affects the value of a house is its interior and exterior appearance, which is not considered in calculating automatic value estimates. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of visual characteristics of a house on its market value. Using deep convolutional neural networks on a large dataset of photos of home interiors and exteriors, we develop a method for estimating the luxury level of real estate photos. We also develop a novel framework for automated value assessment using the above photos in addition to home characteristics including size, offered price and number of bedrooms. Finally, by applying our proposed method for price estimation to a new dataset of real estate photos and metadata, we show that it outperforms Zillow's estimates.