nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Lactobacillus acidophilus and L. plantarum improve health status, modulate gut microbiota and innate immune response of marron (Cherax cainii)
Venue: Scientific Reports
Year: 2020

This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of two most potent probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum on overall health and immune status of freshwater crayfish, marron under laboratory conditions. A total of 36 marron were distributed into six different tanks and two different feeding groups, control and probiotic fed group. After acclimation, control group was fed with basal diet while probiotic group was fed 109 CFU/mL per kg of bacterial supplemented feed for 60 days. The results showed no significant differences in weight gain, however, probiotic feed significantly enhanced some hemolymph parameters and biochemical composition of tail muscle. Histology data revealed better hepatopancreas health and higher microvilli counts in the marron gut fed probiotic diet. The probiotic bacteria triggered significant shift of microbial communities at different taxa level, mostly those reported as beneficial for crayfish. The probiotic diet also enriched the metabolic functions and genes associated with innate immune response of crayfish. Further correlation analysis revealed significant association of some taxa with increased activity for hemolymph and immune genes. Therefore, dietary Lactobacillus supplementation can modulate the overall health and immunity as well as gut microbial composition and interaction network between gut microbiota and immune system in crayfish.
Evaluation de la reprise de l'activite professionnelle chez des patients atteints d'un cancer broncho pulmonaire non a petites cellules de stade avance
Year: 2019

Le cancer bronchique non a petites cellules (CBNPC) est un cancer au sombre pronostic impliquant de nombreuses sequelles, dont parfois la perte d'une activite professionnelle. La reprise du travail liee au cancer du poumon au stade avance n'a jamais ete evaluee en raison de la faible survie. L'objectif de cette etude etait d'etudier le taux de reprise professionnelle dans le CBNPC de stade avance ainsi que les conditions, les facteurs predictifs et les freins a la reprise. Methodes Les patients inclus etaient atteints d'un CBNPC diagnostique au stade IIIB ou IV, motivant des traitements systemiques par therapies ciblees ou chimiotherapie en premiere ligne et avaient une activite professionnelle au diagnostic. Les donnees etaient recueillies a l'aide d'un questionnaire de 50 questions s'interessant aux donnees sociodemographiques, aux donnees liees a la reprise professionnelle, ou a la non reprise. L'anxiete et la depression, etaient evaluees par le questionnaire HAD. Resultats Cinquante patients avaient repondu au questionnaire. Le taux de reprise professionnelle etait de 26 avec un delai median de reprise de 4,54 mois. Les facteurs predictifs de reprise en analyse multivariee, etaient un score de depression bas (p 0,01) un degre d'autonomie au travail plus important (p 0,004) Le traitement de premiere ligne par therapie ciblee (p 0,04) le niveau d'etude eleve (p 0,02) et le type de protection sociale (comme RSI ou titulaire de la fonction publique) (p 0,012) etaient significatifs en analyse univariee. Les patients, n'ayant pas de repris le travail, semblaient peu informes des possibilites d'aide a la reprise.  Ce taux de reprise est eleve. L'aide a la reprise professionnelle devrait faire partie de la prise en charge globale des patients atteints de CBNPC et demandeurs.
DEPENDABILITY ANALYSIS OF HYBRID REDUNDANCY SYSTEMS USING FUZZY APPROACH
Year: 2010

With the increasing demand for high reliability in mission critical systems such as space shuttle, digital flight and real time control to mention a few, reliability analysis of fault tolerant systems continues to be the focus of most researchers. The reliability analysis of triple modular redundancy (TMR) and hybrid redundancy (TMR with spares) systems is in general carried out with the assumption of failure rate being precise. However, in practice failure rate is imprecise due to the uncertainties of system operation. In this paper, the dependability analysis of hybrid redundancy systems (HRS) comprising of N modular redundancy (NMR) and standby redundancy is presented assuming failure rates and repair rates as fuzzy numbers. Each module of the NMR is assumed to have access to a number of cold spares and a repair facility. A Markov model for the HRS is developed. As the Markov model parameters may not be precisely known due to various reasons, vertex method and a cut method is applied. These methods allow uncertainty based parameters that are represented as fuzzy numbers. The dependability measures such as availability and reliability are obtained. A comparative study of the fuzzy results and the conventional results using probability concepts is presented.
The importance of ecosystem services in coastal agricultural landscapes: Case study from the Costa Brava, Catalonia
Year: 2016

Agricultural landscapes are increasingly valued by society for their potential to provide multiple benefits and values, such as landscape beauty or habitat for biodiversity. Yet, Mediterranean agricultural landscapes are still following a pattern of changes under the narrow focus of increased agricultural productivity, while other benefits and values are depleted. In this study, we assess the importance and multiple benefits Mediterranean agricultural landscapes provide using the ecosystem services approach. Our research aims at assessing different social perceptions concerning the importance of coastal agrarian landscapes for human wellbeing. Using a case study from a coastal agricultural landscape at the Costa Brava, Girona (Spain) we combined non monetary and monetary methods to assess social perception and the willingness to pay for ecosystem services' delivery. Our study involved different social groups including local residents and tourists visiting the area. Results show that provisioning services and non productive ecosystem services, such as supporting and cultural services are seen as almost equally important and trade offs emerge between their prioritizations. A strong preference for cultural ecosystem services, especially aesthetic value (non monetary valuation) and environmental education (monetary valuation) can be observed. Our results suggest that different preferences are influenced by the respondents' place of residency and place of visit.
Species abundance distributions: moving beyond single prediction theories to integration within an ecological framework.
Venue: Ecology letters
Year: 2007

Species abundance distributions (SADs) follow one of ecology's oldest and most universal laws every community shows a hollow curve or hyperbolic shape on a histogram with many rare species and just a few common species. Here, we review theoretical, empirical and statistical developments in the study of SADs. Several key points emerge. (i) Literally dozens of models have been proposed to explain the hollow curve. Unfortunately, very few models are ever rejected, primarily because few theories make any predictions beyond the hollow curve SAD itself. (ii) Interesting work has been performed both empirically and theoretically, which goes beyond the hollow curve prediction to provide a rich variety of information about how SADs behave. These include the study of SADs along environmental gradients and theories that integrate SADs with other biodiversity patterns. Central to this body of work is an effort to move beyond treating the SAD in isolation and to integrate the SAD into its ecological context to enable making many predictions. (iii) Moving forward will entail understanding how sampling and scale affect SADs and developing statistical tools for describing and comparing SADs. We are optimistic that SADs can provide significant insights into basic and applied ecological science.
Editorial: Artificial Intelligence for Medical Image Analysis of Neuroimaging Data
Venue: Frontiers in Neuroscience
Year: 2020

Department of Instrumental and Electrical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China, 2 Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, 3 School of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Medical Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, Department of Radiology, and Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, College of Physics and Information
Understanding #WorldEnvironmentDay User Opinions in Twitter: A Topic Based Sentiment Analysis Approach
Venue: International journal of environmental research and public health
Year: 2018

The main objective of this exploratory study is to identify the social, economic, environmental and cultural factors related to the sustainable care of both environment and public health that most concern Twitter users. With 336 million active users as of 2018, Twitter is a social network that is increasingly used in research to get information and to understand public opinion as exemplified by Twitter users. In order to identify the factors related to the sustainable care of environment and public health, we have downloaded n 5873 tweets that used the hashtag #WorldEnvironmentDay on the respective day. As the next step, sentiment analysis with an algorithm developed in Python and trained with data mining was applied to the sample of tweets to group them according to the expressed feelings. Thereafter, a textual analysis was used to group the tweets according to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) identifying the key factors about environment and public health that most concern Twitter users. To this end, we used the qualitative analysis software NVivo Pro 12. The results of the analysis enabled us to establish the key factors that most concern users about the environment and public health such as climate change, global warming, extreme weather, water pollution, deforestation, climate risks, acid rain or massive industrialization. The conclusions of the present study can be useful to companies and institutions that have initiatives related to the environment and they also facilitate decision making regarding the environment in non profit organizations. Our findings will also serve the United Nations that will thoroughly review the 17 SDGs at the High level Political Forum in 2019.
Cystic fibrosis F508del carriers and cancer risk: Results from the UK Biobank
Venue: International journal of cancer
Year: 2020

Cystic fibrosis (CF) carriers carrying one defective copy of a CFTR germline mutation are common in the general population. A recent study reported associations of CF carriers with risk for cancers of digestive organs and pancreatic cancer. In the current study, we assessed associations of CFTR F508del carriers with the risk for 54 types of cancers in the UK Biobank, a large population based study. In Caucasians, compared to the carrier rate of 3.15% (12 357/392274) in noncancer subjects, the rate was significantly higher in cancer patients overall (2621/79619 3.29% especially in patients with colorectal cancer (247/6667 3.70% cancers of gallbladder and biliary tract (21/351 5.98% thyroid cancer (30/665 4.51% and unspecified non Hodgkin's lymphoma (74/1805 4.10% all P .05. In contrast, the carrier rate in patients with cancers of lung and bronchus was significantly lower (89/3463 2.57% P .05. The association of CFTR F508del carriers with these types of cancer remained significant after adjusting for respective cancer specific risk factors. For pancreatic cancer, although a higher carrier rate (38/1004 3.78% was found in patients with this cancer, the difference was not statistically significant (P .26) This null association was unlikely due to lack of statistical power; the large sample size of our study had >80% power, at a significance level of .05, to detect an association of >1.5 fold increased risk. In conclusion, the identified associations of CFTR F508del carriers with multiple types of cancer may have potential biological and clinical implications if confirmed in independent study populations.
Crude triterpenoid saponins from Anemone flaccida (Di Wu) exert anti arthritic effects on type II collagen induced arthritis in rats
Venue: Chinese Medicine
Year: 2015

AbstractBackgroundAnemone flaccida Fr Schmidt (Ranunculaceae) (Di Wu in Chinese) is used to treat punch injury and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) However, the active compounds and underlying mechanism of action mediating the anti arthritic effects of A. flaccida remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the underlying action mechanism of A. flaccida crude triterpenoid saponins (AFS) on RA using a type II collagen (CII) induced arthritis (CIA) rat model, and to assess the anti inflammatory effects of the main active compounds of AFS, namely flaccidoside II, anhuienoside E, glycoside St I4a, hemsgiganoside B, hederasaponin B, and 3 O a l rhamnopyranosyl (1 2) b d glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28 O b d glucopyranosyl (1 6) b d glucopyranosyl ester.MethodsMale Wistar rats (n 50) were randomly separated into five groups (n 10) and immunized by CII injection. AFS (200 or 400 mg/kg) and dexamethasone were orally administered for 30 days after establishing the model. The arthritis severity was assessed by paw volume using a plethysmometer. After 30 days of treatment, the right hind paws of the rats were obtained. Paw histology was analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and radiologic imaging was performed by micro computed tomography. MTT assays were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of AFS and its main compounds in RAW264.7 cells. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to measure interleukin (IL) 6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) a in serum and supernatants from AFS and main AFS compound treated RAW264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).ResultsAnemone flaccida crude triterpenoid saponins inhibited redness and swelling of the right hind paw in the CIA model. Radiological and histological examinations indicated that inflammatory responses were reduced by AFS treatment. Moreover, comparing with untreated rats, serum TNF a (P 0.0035 and P 0.001) and IL 6 (P 0.0058 and P 0.0087) were lower in AFS treated CIA rats at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day. AFS and its main compounds, including hederasaponin B, flaccidoside II, and hemsgiganoside B, significantly inhibited TNF a (P 0.0022, P 0.013, P 0.0015, and P 0.016) and IL 6 (P 0.0175, P 0.001, P 0.001, and P 0.001) production in LPS treated RAW264.7 cells, respectively.ConclusionsAnemone flaccida crude triterpenoid saponins and its main bioactive components, including hederasaponin B, flaccidoside II, and hemsgiganoside B, decreased pro inflammatory cytokine levels in a CIA rat model and LPS induced RAW264.7 cells.
Promosi Kesehatan Reproduksi: Strategi Konvensional hingga Materi Kesehatan Reproduksi Bias Gender?
Year: 2020

Kajian ini merupakan analisis sistematis terhadap literatur yang membahas mengenai promosi kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Sebanyak 8 studi menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, 2 studi pendekatan kuantitatif, dan 1 studi mix methode. Literatur dipilah berdasarkan strategi promosi kesehatan reproduksi pada keluarga, sekolah, instansi pemerintah, dan kelompok atau komunitas sebaya dalam kurun waktu 7 tahun terakhir. Berdasarkan studi studi literatur diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa, promosi kesehatan reproduksi dilakukan melalui saluran (1) sekolah, (2) Puskesmas, (3) instansi pemerintah, dan kelompok atau komunitas sebaya. Adapun agen agen sosialisasi yang berperan adalah (1) guru, (2) tutor sebaya, dan (3) peer education. Kemudian, metode penyampaiannya adalah (1) tatap muka, (2) sosialisasi, (3) pelatihan, dan (4) media komunikasi visual. Ditemukan berdasarkan analisa literatur, bahwa strategi yang digunakan untuk promosi kesehatan reproduksi dinilai masih bersifat konvensional. Selain itu, pada beberapa studi ditemukan wacana kesehatan reproduksi remaja yang bias gender, dikarenakan masih tabunya pembahasan mengenai kesehatan reproduksi dan seksualitas. Studi lainnya memperlihatkan promosi kesehatan reproduksi yang berimbang dengan seksualitas.
Gaest hos virkeligheden. Sprogets landflygtighed i "Logneren" af Martin A. Hansen og "Det svundne er en drom" af Aksel Sandemose
Year: 2018

Central motifs and episodes form interesting and significant links between Aksel Sandemose's novel Det svundne er en drom, published in 1946, and Martin A. Hansen's novel from 1950, Logneren. The motifs of truth versus lie, and the intermingling of the two, and of the split subject, manifest themselves in the protagonists who share a common first name, Johannes. The texts are an attempt to write diaries that transcend the borderline between past and present, fiction and reality, truth and lying. The diary form, composed in the first person as an alternative to the novel form proper, is viewed by both protagonists as an experiment that questions the ability of language to portray reality accurately and truthfully. Furthermore, the diaries break with chronology in order to come to terms with a darkness within, an essentially unknown, demonic territory that prevents knowledge and truth from emerging. Central episodes in the two diaries are practically identical, e.g. the drowning accident that takes place in both texts, the absence of the 'I' of the diary from home, and the sense of alienation from home. Additionally, significant symbols recur in both texts, e.g. a necklace and migratory birds. The protagonists' relationships to women are all but identical and involve an examination of the past and of guilt that becomes a potential key to resolving what constitutes guilt, conscience, home and exile. The two texts form an intertext and there is compelling evidence pointing to Sandemose's diary having profoundly influenced Hansen's narrative.
Label Based Access Control: An ABAC Model with Enumerated Authorization Policy
Venue: ABAC '16
Year: 2016

There are two major techniques for specifying authorization policies in Attribute Based Access Control (ABAC) models. The more conventional approach is to define policies by using logical formulas involving attribute values. Examples in this category include ABAC, HGABAC and XACML. The alternate technique for expressing policies is by enumeration. Policy Machine (PM) and 2 sorted RBAC fall into the later category. In this paper, we present an ABAC model named LaBAC (Label Based Access Control) which adopts the enumerated style for expressing authorization policies. LaBAC can be viewed as a particularly simple instance of the PolicyMachine. LaBAC uses one user attribute (uLabel) and one object attribute (oLabel) An authorization policy in LaBAC for an action is an enumeration using these two attributes. Thus, LaBAC can be considered as a bare minimum ABAC model. We show equivalence of LaBAC and 2 sorted RBAC with respect to theoretical expressive power. Furthermore, we show how to configure the traditional RBAC (Role Based Access Control) and LBAC ( models in LaBAC to illustrate its expressiveness.
Exploring key indicators of social identity in the #MeToo era: Using discourse analysis in UGC
Venue: Int. J. Inf. Manag.
Year: 2020

Recent years have been characterized by the ubiquitous use of social networks as a mean of self and social identity, which offers new opportunities for qualitative and quantitative research in social sciences. The dynamics of interactions on social platforms such as Twitter promote the development of social movements around hashtags, such as #MeToo. According to previous research, this movement has set the beginning of an era. The present study aims to determine the key indicators of social identity in the #MeToo movement in Twitter using textual analysis and sentiment analysis of user generated content. To this end, we use a cognitive pragmatics point of view to study a corpus of 31.305 tweets. Using the methodological approaches of corpus linguistics (CL) and discourse analysis (DA) we identify keywords, topics, frequency, and n grams or collocations to understand the social identity of the #MeToo movement. The key indicators of the social identity in the #MeToo Era are validated using association statistical measures of Log Likelihood and Mutual Information (MI) Our results reveal the polarization of sentiments where UGC is associated with both negative and positive topics. The social identity is particularly strongly correlated with women and the workplace. Finally, regardless the industry or area, these results present a holistic approach to the social identity of #MeToo.
Adaptations to the Whole of Government Approach by the United States Department of State
Year: 2012

This study examines adaptations made by State, on adherence to directives requiring coordination with other USG departments and agencies, to effectively respond to current and future national security threats. Without the staff, tools, and training necessary to perform the required tasks, State is unable to fulfill wholly its role, as stipulated in Presidential Directives. Considering the global landscape, there is no way State can successfully perform some of the critical tasks stipulated in the Presidential Directives related to the "Whole of Government" approach, without extensively increased resources to fill capability gaps.
Micro relief analysis with skin capacitive imaging
Venue: Skin research and technology official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging
Year: 2019

In this study, the performance of capacitive imagining in skin micro relief analysis was investigated. This measurement principle has been used for skin hydration measurements over the last decade and it is commercially available by various manufacturers. Strengthening its potential for new applications could offer an affordable and portable multi purpose device for in vivo skin research. Previous studies in the literature have used a wide range of optical devices to determine how the skin surface topographic features are affected by chronological age, environmental influences and living habits.
A Bayesian approach to estimate the marginal loss distributions in operational risk management
Venue: Comput. Stat. Data Anal.
Year: 2008

One of the main problems in operational risk management is the lack of loss data, which affects the parameter estimates of the marginal distributions of the losses. The principal reason is that financial institutions only started to collect operational loss data a few years ago, due to the relatively recent definition of this type of risk. Considering this drawback, the employment of Bayesian methods and simulation tools could be a natural solution to the problem. The use of Bayesian methods allows us to integrate the scarce and, sometimes, inaccurate quantitative data collected by the bank with prior information provided by experts. An original proposal is a Bayesian approach for modelling operational risk and for calculating the capital required to cover the estimated risks. Besides this methodological innovation a computational scheme, based on Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations, is required. In particular, the application of the MCMC method to estimate the parameters of the marginals shows advantages in terms of a reduction of capital charge according to different choices of the marginal loss distributions.