nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Production of aluminum nitride from aluminum metal using molten fluoride
Year: 2015

The production of aluminum nitride (AlN) from aluminum metal was investigated in this study. The nitridation of Al (in rod, powder, and thin plate forms) was facilitated by dissolving the Al 2 O 3 thin films formed on the Al samples with a molten fluoride mixture (KF 45 mol% AlF 3 KF, or LiF 50 mol% KF) AlN was formed when NH 3 gas was supplied to the Al sample (in both solid and liquid forms) wetted by molten fluoride mixture. The lowest temperature at which AlN was successfully produced was 773 K. No AlN was formed when N 2 or H 2 25% N 2 gas was supplied to the Al sample, even when a molten fluoride mixture was used. The reaction rate for the nitridation of Al powder increased with the temperature and reached 99% after 3 h at 1173 K. AlN thin films of 2 5 mm thickness were formed on Al thin plates (0.075 1.0 mm thick) at 873 K.
Coordinating a sustainable innovation supply chain with cooperative investment contract under Stackelberg game
Venue: 2017 International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management
Year: 2017

Sustainable innovation is important at all stages of the supply chain development. Each stage of the supply chain, they need to invest on sustainable innovation research and development. Motivated by the real business investigation, a supply chain model with one supplier and one manufacturer is analysed in this study. We consider a cooperative investment contract for the supplier and the manufacturer with sustainable innovation development. We derive the optimal results in both without(with) cooperative investment contract. The results indicate that an optimal cooperative rate can perfectly coordinate the supply chain with sustainable innovation development.
Video Depth Estimation by Fusing Flow to Depth Proposals
Venue: 2020 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)
Year: 2020

Depth from a monocular video can enable billions of devices and robots with a single camera to see the world in 3D. In this paper, we present a model for video depth estimation, which consists of a flow to depth layer, a camera pose refinement module, and a depth fusion network. Given optical flow and camera poses, our flow to depth layer generates depth proposals and their corresponding confidence maps by explicitly solving an epipolar geometry optimization problem. Our flow to depth layer is differentiable, and thus we can refine camera poses by maximizing the aggregated confidence in the camera pose refinement module. Our depth fusion network can utilize the target frame, depth proposals, and confidence maps inferred from different neighboring frames to produce the final depth map. Furthermore, the depth fusion network can additionally take the depth proposals generated by other methods to further improve the results. The experiments on three public datasets show that our approach outperforms state of the art depth estimation methods, and has reasonable crossdataset generalization ability: our model trained on KITTI still performs well on the unseen Waymo dataset.
Wikipedia, a Tool for Knowledge Dissemination on Invasive Species
Venue: Biodiversity Information Science and Standards
Year: 2019

One of the most important issues for controlling the spread of invasive species is public awareness (Dehnen Schmutz et al. 2018) Passively, the public are responsible for the spread of invasive species, for example by moving dirty boats from one water body to another. But they also actively spread invasive species by releasing them in the wild. The spread of some invasive species could be slowed or even halted if the general public were more aware of the risks. Furthermore, this is a global issue, not restricted to one country or language, and hence needs to be tackled at an international level. The Convention on Biological Diversity has a specific target to identify pathways of introduction and manage invasive species (Convention on Biological Diversity 2014) As part of this awareness raising, the public needs information on how to identify invasive species, as well as how to know their regulatory status, distribution and transmission. They also need to be aware of how invasive species impact biodiversity, ecosystem services and health. This information needs to be up to date, reliable and unbiased, but also supported by evidence. Many information platforms exist on invasive species and new information is being generated all the time on this dynamic issue. However, pre eminent among information sources on the internet is Wikipedia. Consistently ranked in the top ten of most visited websites, with more than 15 billion page views a month across 300 language editions, it is the go to website on many subjects (Wikimedia 2019) Invasive species such as the zebra mussel and water hyacinth receive over 500 daily page views, just on the English edition alone. Wikipedia is arguably one of the largest citizen science projects, containing information on every area of science and connecting, through its citations, scientific literature with the general public. Wikipedia has been criticized about many aspects of its content and editorship, including its quality and neutrality (Kumar et al. 2016, Wagner et al. 2016, Hargittai and Shaw 2014) Nevertheless, its dominance in the provision of information cannot be ignored and addressing Wikipedia's problems by direct engagement might be more productive than ignoring it. Increasingly, different disciplines are engaging with Wikipedia for communication, recognizing that it can be a productive communication channel (Murray 2018) Invasive species are a global problem and tackling them is a global issue. We have been investigating the current status of invasive species information on Wikipedia, whether it contains relevant information on impacts and control, and whether the information is consistent across different language versions. We will present what we have found and make recommendations on what to improve and how we can engage with Wikipedia.
American labor's global ambassadors: the international history of the AFL CIO during the cold war
Year: 2013

Foreword Marcel van der Linden Introduction Robert Anthony Waters, Jr. and Geert van Goethem PART I: The Global Activism of a National Trade Union 1. From Dollars to Deeds: Exploring the sources of Active Interventionism, 1934 1945 Geert van Goethem 2. The American Federation of Labor's Cold War Campaign against 'Slave Labor' at the United Nations Quenby Olmsted Hughes 3. Marred by Dissimulation: The AFL CIO, the Women's Committee, and Transnational Labor Relations Yevette Richards PART II: Not Very Diplomatic Ambassadors: Working to Defeat Communism in Europe 4. The AFL and CIO between 'Crusade' and Pluralism in Italy, 1944 1963 Alessandro Brogi 5. The Influence of the American Federation of Labor on the Force Ouvriere, 1944 1954 Barrett Dower 6. AFL CIO Support for Solidarity: Moral, Political, Financial Eric Chenoweth PART III: Heavy handed or Subtle? America's Labor Ambassadors in Latin America and the Caribbean 7. Reforming Latin American Labor: The AFL CIO and Latin America's Cold War Dustin Walcher 8. The AFL CIO and ORIT in Latin America's Andean Region, 1950s 1960s Magaly Rodriguez Garcia 9. More Subtle than We Knew: The AFL in the British Caribbean Robert Anthony Waters, Jr. 10. 'Democracy and Freedom' in Brazilian Trade Unionism during the Civil Military Dictatorship: The Activities of the American Institute for Free Labor Development Larissa Rosa Correa 11. Chilean Workers and the U.S. Labor  From Solidarity to Intervention, 1950s 1970s Angela Vergara PART IV: Behaving like Ambassadors: The AFL CIO in Africa and Asia 12. Irving Brown and ICFTU Labor Diplomacy during Algeria's Struggle for Independence, 1954 1962 Mathilde von Bulow 13. 'We will follow a nationalist policy but we will never be neutral' American Labor and Neutralism in Cold War Africa, 1957 1962 John C. Stoner 14. 'Free Labor Versus Slave Labor' Free Trade Unionism and the Challenge of War torn Asia Edmund F. Wehrle, Jr. PART V  Transnational Labor Politics in the Global Cold War Federico Romero
High performance GPU based optimized feature matching for computer vision applications
Year: 2016

In this paper, a graphics processing unit (GPU) based matching technique is proposed to perform fast feature matching between different images under various image conditions with viewpoint changes. Most recently, general purpose graphics processing units (GPGPUs or GPUs) have become commonplace within high performance supercomputers. GPUs allow developers to effectively exploit the computational power for high performance computing. This paper focuses on improving the performance of feature matching based on self organizing map by porting it onto the GPUs. GPU optimization has been applied for the fast computation of keypoints to make the system fast and efficient. This scheme has enhanced the overall performance and is much more efficient compared to other methods without degradation of detection results. The proposed matching algorithm is partitioned between the CPU and GPU in a way that best exploits the parallelism and perform matching between the different images. Experimental results demonstrate that fast feature matching is achieved using the graphics processing units, and its computational efficiency is checked by comparing its results and run times with those of some standard software (MATLAB) run on central processing unit (CPU)
Trust and financial inclusion: A cross country study
Year: 2020

This study examines the role of social trust in financial inclusion around the world, using financial inclusion measures from Global Findex database and measure of trust from the World Values Survey. After controlling for individual characteristics, and country level differences in institutions and financial markets, social trust remains a significant and positive determinant for various aspects of financial inclusion. Trust is further found to supplement weak formal institutions and low educational levels. The role of limited trust is also examined in the study.
Dynamic response of pile group model in sandy soil to lateral excitation
Year: 2020

This study offers an understanding of cyclic response of piled foundations in dry and saturated sand with different relative densities. The results of dry soil reveal the mechanism of dynamic response of piles and soil subjected to dynamic horizontal shaking including the variation and distribution of acceleration, bending moment along the pile, and vertical soil pressure with time in different states of soil; and the vertical and horizontal displacements, end bearing load, peak acceleration and the peak velocity of foundation with time. A series of 94 laboratory tests were conducted to measure the response of pile foundation when subjected to dynamic loads. Eight tests were conducted on single pile in dry soil at relative density (R.D. 30% (loose) and 50% (medium) 66 tests on group of piles with different spacings and patterns in dry soil at relative density 30% and 50% were conducted, too. All tests were carried out under operating frequencies 0.5, 1 and 2 Hz under horizontal shaking. Twenty tests for single piles and pile group with different patterns and spacings at relative density 30% were performed in saturated sandy soil under frequencies 0.5 and 1 Hz under horizontal shaking. All tests were achieved with one embedment ratio (L/d=30) These tests were grouped in three different numbers of piles; 2 piles in row and line patterns, 3 piles and 4 piles; and three pile spacing ratios (s/d=3, 4 and 5).The main conclusion is that the manufactured vibrating box can simulate accurately the earthquake motion induced on foundations and, especially pile groups. The values of soil pressure decrease with increasing frequency and relative density. The soil pressure shows slight change with increasing frequency, while no clear changes appeared between pile groups with different pile spacings. The pile spacing is an important indicator that affects the acceleration and time frequency characteristics of the displacement at pile top. With the increasing of S/D, the internal forces are slightly reduced.
The Analysis of Teacher Recommendation on Selection Process for Scientifically Gifted Program: Focus on the Scientific Attitude, Process Skill, Logical Thinking, Creative Problem Solving Ability and Creativity of students
Year: 2008

We objectively analysis of teacher recommendation on selection process for scientifically gifted program, by having conducted the test of scientific attitude, process skill, logical thinking, creative problem solving ability and creativity of the students who were enrolled in science gifted education programs, students who were recommended by science teachers as talented in science and students of ordinary classes. In result, both gifted program students and teacher recommended students scored much higher than ordinary class students in all test fields, but there was no meaningful difference between the gifted program students and teacher recommended students. This result signifies that teacher recommendation is a valuable tool for selecting students for a science gifted education program.
It's Complicated
Year: 2019

t is no surprise that it is difficult to get oppressors to take up a counterstory, that is, to replace a picture of the world in which the social organization that generates their privilege is natural and justified with one that recognizes its injustice. While the motivations for those in privileged positions to hold on to an oppressive master narrative may be obvious, the mechanisms by which these narratives are maintained are less so. It is this timely and important matter that Hilde Lindemann explores with characteristic force and clarity in "Countering the Counterstory," which considers in detail how master narratives keep the counterstories that challenge them from getting traction.1 Lindemann begins by laying out some of the reasons it is difficult for counterstories to emerge as challenges to master narratives in the first place the fact that master narratives are organic ensembles, that they constitute a worldview, and that they are epistemically rigged, naturalized, and/or privatized. The bulk of her paper, however, is devoted to explaining why it is that even when a counterstory is able to emerge as a challenge to a master narrative, it is likely to flounder on the master narrative's ability to "assimilate opposition," and so faces an uphill battle in finding uptake.2 Lindemann discusses several tools of assimilation: making the language pretty, playing devil's advocate, playing "What about Me?" requiring victims to be blameless, and changing the subject. In each case she supplies a compelling account of how the mechanism works and convincing examples of what it looks like in action. Despite the formidable obstacles for those trying to launch a counterstory, however, Lindemann ends with a ray of hope. Counterstories can and do get taken up, and change does occur. The #MeToo movement is her example of this possibility. While the battle is by
Improving Marking of Live Performances Involving Multiple Markers Assessing Different Aspects
Year: 2010

Assessment in the arts can be challenging. The problems associated with assessing student performances are that judgements are complex and even more so when they involve multiple markers (Campbell, 2005) It can be difficult to ensure assessment is fair, valid and reliable and that students are provided with clear feedback that is meaningful to them. This paper describes the development and trialling of an innovative, technology supported tool, designed to improve the confidence, efficiency and effectiveness of student performance based assessment in arts education. This project is a work in progress and early trials of the Internet based digital computer technology tool suggest that it reduces tutor anxiety, increases markers' confidence, improves the management of assessment and record keeping, facilitates easy and quick moderation, and provides explicit feedback to students to enhance ongoing learning. The perception by stakeholders is that this assessment is far more accessible and easy to use than previous methods. The project was implemented in a Bachelor of Education course, with 170 third year pre service teacher students. Group performances were assessed by three tutors simultaneously during the live performance and for one week afterwards by viewing online video recordings of each performance. The tutors were able to discuss the assessment online via a confidential 'tutor box' attached to the marking key and only visible to tutors. The assessment was presented to the students as a one page electronic marking key with the video of their performance embedded into this page. This was saved as a pdf document and emailed to students. The students' responses have been overwhelmingly positive. They reported that ease of access to this electronic assessment meant that they engaged with their feedback multiple times. The tutors reported that the process was far more streamlined and fair.
Spatial analysis of road traffic accident hotspots: evaluation and validation of recent approaches using road safety audit
Venue: Journal of Transportation Safety Security
Year: 2019

Reducing road traffic accidents (RTA) and their socioeconomic costs is an increasingly important priority in many countries. In recent years, many authors have proposed various approaches to analyse historical RTA data using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools, so that locations with high instances or risk of RTA i.e. RTA hotspots or blackspots could be identified and ranked. This could then enable limited road engineering resources to be prioritised for remediating more critical RTA hotspots and therefore reducing RTA rates. This paper presents the development of a new validation method to evaluate the application of four different hotspot analysis methods in ESRI ArcGIS 10.2 to identify and rank RTA hotspots using historical RTA data on a section of a road in Brunei Darussalam as a case study. A road safety audit was undertaken for six locations along the study road section to identify the risk levels at these locations. These risk levels were then compared with risk levels at the same six locations computed by four hotspot analysis methods: Network KDE by SANET, KDE+ Getis Ord Gi* and a recently proposed risk based method STAA that accounts for RTA frequency, severity and socioeconomic costs. It was found that SANET KDE overestimated the risk levels of road sections that are free of RTA. The results from KDE showed the most deviations compared to the identified risk levels by the road safety audit. Getis Ord Gi* was not able to identify RTA hotspots along the study road section of Jalan Tutong. However, the STAA method provided the most consistent results in comparison with the identified risk levels by the road safety audit. STAA, by having a better validity compared to other methods, provides a promising way to prioritise RTA hotspots for remediation, and thus reducing the associated socioeconomic costs. In addition, these findings demonstrated that the novel method of validation via risk levels determined by road safety audit was able to provide an independent measure of the validity of the hotspot analysis (HSA) methods.
A Survey on Big Data Analytics: Challenges Of Big Data Integration, Open Research Issues And Tools
Year: 2020

Data has evolved in the last 5 years like never before. Lots of data is being generated each day in every sector such as social media, E Commerce, Tech giants Organizations have slowly started realizing that they would be interested in working on all the data. Organizations are interested in doing precise analysis and they want to work on different formats of data such as structured, unstructured and semi structured data. Organization are trying to gain the inside data or to find the hidden treasure in so called Big Data. Now, any Organization would want to have a solution which allows them to store huge amount of data, capture it, process it, analyze it and also look into the data to give more value to the data. So, Big Data analysis is a current area of research and development. The basic objective of this survey paper is to give an idea on the potential impact of big data challenges, open research issues and various tools associated with big data. As a result, this article provides a platform to explore and provides the organizations and the researchers to develop the solution to big data based on the challenges and open research issues. KeywordsBig data analytics, Massive data, Structured data, Unstructured data, Semi structured data.
Child behavior during evacuation under non emergency situations: Experimental and simulation results
Venue: Simul. Model. Pract. Theory
Year: 2019

Child behavior during evacuation, as a critical problem that has not been fully explored and understood, is investigated in this paper, through conducting a group of experiments and developing a cellular automaton (CA) model. The video recordings have revealed several typical patterns of child behavior related to distance, obstacle and congestion level. The group behavior, as well as the waiting and playing behavior in a group, have been observed. Then, a CA model is proposed to describe the movement of children with and without group behavior. Through numerical simulations, the ability of the model to reproduce the behavior observed in the experiments is verified. The results also show that the child group behavior has significant negative effect on evacuation time. This study helps to improve the evacuation strategy for children, the internal layout and exit arrangement for buildings where many children congregate.