nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Comparison Study of Wedding Between China and Western Countries
Year: 2017

Since ancient times, wedding custom, as a national symbol and cultural development, plays a very important role in the ethnic studies. More importantly, it is that people can understand the history of human society better through numerous and brilliant wedding customs and explore the basic law of development of human society. During the development of human history, many wedding customs have experienced various changes, as the basic pattern, "six etiquettes" in China has not changed much and is still essential and core in wedding custom. In western countries, a valid marriage should experience proposal, surnames, choosing the day and holding the wedding. This paper will explore some different aspects of two wedding customs. Because of their different cultural origin, religion, concept and geography, there are many differences existing between China and Western countries: different procedures, different dresses, different activities, different colors and different wedding day ceremonies. Because of the cultural exchange, China and Western countries become more frequent. This paper will also discuss some similarities and absorption of wedding culture between China and Western countries. Through the comparison of these processes and some related stories, we can easily find the distinctions. Generally speaking, western weddings are more flexible. The processes of a wedding are not so complicated as a Chinese wedding. They give us the impression of romanticism, freedom and equity. According to the traditional Chinese style, it seems to be more cockamamie and striped pants but own deeper cultural connotations.
3D level set reconstruction of model and experimental data in Diffuse Optical Tomography.
Venue: Optics express
Year: 2010

The level set technique is an implicit shape based image reconstruction method that allows the recovery of the location, size and shape of objects of distinct contrast with well defined boundaries embedded in a medium of homogeneous or moderately varying background parameters. In the case of diffuse optical tomography, level sets can be employed to simultaneously recover inclusions that differ in their absorption or scattering parameters from the background medium. This paper applies the level set method to the three dimensional reconstruction of objects from simulated model data and from experimental frequency domain data of light transmission obtained from a cylindrical phantom with tissue like parameters. The shape and contrast of two inclusions, differing in absorption and diffusion parameters from the background, respectively, are reconstructed simultaneously. We compare the performance of level set recons uction with results from an image based method using a Gauss Newton iterative approach, and show that the level set technique can improve the detection and localisation of small, high contrast targets.
A context sensitive offloading system using machine learning classification algorithms for mobile cloud environment
Venue: Future Gener. Comput. Syst.
Year: 2019

Computational offloading in Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) has attracted attention due to benefits in energy saving and improved mobile application performance. Nevertheless, this technique underperforms if the offloading decision ignores contextual information. While recent studies have highlighted the use of contextual information to improve the computational offloading decision, there still remain challenges regarding the dynamic nature of the MCC environment. Most solutions design a single reasoner for the offloading decision and do not know how accurate and precise this technique is, so that when applied in real world environments it can contribute to inaccurate decisions and consequently the low performance of the overall system. Thus, this paper proposes a Context Sensitive Offloading System (CSOS) that takes advantage of the main machine learning reasoning techniques and robust profiling system to provide offloading decisions with high levels of accuracy. We first evaluate the main classification algorithms under our database and the results show that JRIP and J48 classifiers achieves 95% accuracy. Secondly, we develop and evaluate our system under controlled and real scenarios, where context information changes from one experiment to another. Under these conditions, CSOS makes correct decisions as well as ensuring performance gains and energy efficiency.
DDoS attacks traffic and Flash Crowds traffic simulation with a hardware test center platform
Venue: 2011 World Congress on Internet Security (WorldCIS 2011)
Year: 2011

DDoS attacks are one of the top security problems affecting networks and disrupting services to legitimate users. The first vital step in dealing with this problem is the network's ability to detect such attacks. To that end, it is important that an intrusion detection mechanism be able to differentiate between real DDoS traffic and Flash Crowds traffic, the latter of which constitutes sudden bursts of legitimate network activity. To train and analyze detection mechanisms, researchers typically simulate the DDoS traffic in the testbed; while for Flash Crowds, most researchers replay the web server captures obtained from third parties. This paper proposes the design of a special testbed based simulation method with Spirent Test Center hardware platform, to simulate both DDoS traffic and Flash Crowds traffic. We give empirical results, including the simulation of four kinds of DDoS traffic including UDP Flooding attack, ICMP Flooding attack, TCP SYN Flooding attack and App DDoS attack.
Parallelized multiobjective efficient global optimization algorithm and its applications
Year: 2020

In engineering practice, most optimization problems have multiple objectives, which are usually in a form of expensive black box functions. The multiobjective efficient global optimization (MOEGO) algorithms have been proposed recently to sequentially sample the design space, aiming to seek for optima with a minimum number of sampling points. With the advance in computing resources, it is wise to make optimization parallelizable to shorten the total design cycle further. In this study, two different parallelized multiobjective efficient global optimization algorithms were proposed on the basis of the Kriging modeling technique. With use of the multiobjective expectation improvement, the proposed algorithm is able to balance local exploitation and global exploration. To implement parallel computing, the "Kriging Believer" and "multiple good local optima" strategies were adopted here to develop new sample infill criteria for multiobjective optimization problems. The proposed algorithms were applied to five mathematical benchmark examples first, which demonstrated faster convergence and better accuracy with more uniform distribution of Pareto points, in comparison with the two other conventional algorithms. The best performed "Kriging Believer" strategy approach was then applied to two more sophisticated real life engineering case studies on the tailor rolled blank (TRB) structures for crashworthiness design. After optimization, the TRB hat shaped tube achieved a 3% increase in energy absorption and a 10.7% reduction in mass, and the TRB B pillar attained a 10.1% reduction in mass and a 12.8% decrease in intrusion, simultaneously. These benchmark and engineering examples demonstrated that the proposed methods are fairly promising for being an effective tool for a range of design problems.
The Aesthetics of Zipai: From Wechat Selfies to Self Representation in Contemporary Chinese Art and Photography
Year: 2015

Zipai literally 'self shot' is the Chinese word for 'selfie' and it indicates both the action and the product of taking a picture of oneself. This paper presents an account of the "ways of working" through which the authors a media anthropologist and a performance artist negotiated a collaborative approach to zipai The essay begins with a discussion of contemporary practices of self representation on Chinese digital media, arguing that the zipai uploaded by Chinese users on online platforms can be understood as locational and relational self portraits, a media specific genre of vernacular photography. It then proceeds to consider the ethical implications of appropriating vernacular photography for artistic and ethnographic representation, proposing to adapt the practice of filtering as an ethical intervention. After an overview of contemporary works by Chinese artists and photographers engaging with the aesthetics of zipai the essay concludes with a reflection on the possibilities of collaboration between art practice and media anthropology.
PROSPEK PETERNAKAN DI ERA NORMAL BARU PASCA PANDEMI COVID 19: PEMANFAATAN BERKELANJUTAN SUMBERDAYA GENETIK TERNAK SEBAGAI PENYEDIA PANGAN HEWANI
Year: 2020

Makalah ini menyampaikan tentang perlunya teknologi peternakan dan kesehatan hewan yang harus diciptakan menghadapi era normal setelah pandemi Covid 19. Pandemi Covid 19 telah melanda hampir seluruh negara dan menimbulkan dampak bervariasi bagi seluruh sektor kehidupan, termasuk di Indonesia. Indonesia mempunyai keragaman sumberdaya genetik ternak ruminansia dan non ruminansia yang selama ini menjadi penyedia pangan bagi penduduk di berbagai wilayah. Pangan hewani asal ternak (daging, telur dan susu) menjadi kebutuhan yang sangat menentukan bagi kecerdasan bangsa dan harus tersedia pasokan yang cukup, ekonomis dan tersedia di berbagai lokasi. Sebagai negara kepulauan, ketersediaan pangan hewani asal ternak perlu dijamin keberadaannya sesuai kebutuhan, mengingat bahwa dampak pandemi dapat berlangsung lebih dari 2 tahun. Hal tersebut dapat dilakukan melalui 1) pemanfaatan berkelanjutan Sumberdaya Genetik Ternak (SDGT) 2) melalui identifikasi jenis dan rumpun ternak lokal di wilayah tersebut, 3) melakukan pembinaan kelompok peternak. Guna merespons hal tersebut, maka diperlukan teknologi peternakan yang dapat mendukung penyediaan pangan hewani asal ternak antara lain adalah perakitan rumpun baru ternak dan varietas tanaman pakan ternak, pembuatan pakan berbasis hasil samping pertanian dan industri pertanian, pembuatan pakan tambahan berbasis bahan lokal serta penyiapan vaksin berbasis isolat lokal.
On Oscar Wilde's Aestheticism
Year: 2015

Oscar Wilde's Idea of Aestheticism is an ever new topic. With the appearance of commoditization of literature,quite a few scholars have called the "purity"of Wilde's aestheticism into question,contending that the main idea in Wilde's aestheticism is the hedonism and utilitarianism. The author of the present paper maintains that on the surface,Wilde 's aestheticism is featured with hedonism and utilitarianism that finds expression mainly in the life style of foppery he adopted,and with rejection of efforts to express ideas and advocacy of the importance of finely crafted forms in terms of art and literature. However,in depth,Wilde's aestheticism can trace well back to Plato and therefore,we cannot summarize his aestheticism simply from a mundane and utilitarian perspective. However,in effect his aestheticism transcends the mundaneness and utilitarianism and marches towards eternal spiritual pursuit. The author of the present paper attempts to argue about that by discussing some relevant issues such as beauty,art and characteristics Wilde discussed in his essays,the beauty of form and beauty of idea Wilde advocated and the relationship between Wilde's aestheticism and Plato's aesthetic ideas.
For philosophy of education in teacher education
Year: 2012

The time has come to re assess the role that Philosophy has to play in the education of teachers, both at the beginning of and during their careers. The currently fashionable craft conception of teaching is inadequate as a preparation for a career in teaching. Philosophy of Education has an important role to play in preparing for a career in teaching. First, it enables teachers to acquire a grasp of the conceptual field of education and an ability to find their way around the often contested views within that field, which in turn impinge upon the normative structure of particular education systems. Second, it enables them to understand better the conceptual debates that involve the subjects that they are teaching. Third it enables teachers to understand the scope and limits of empirical research in education and the relationships between that research and conceptual issues in education. These claims are discussed with examples, and recent government statements about standards and competences in teaching are looked at through the perspective of a conceptually informed, career oriented profession of teaching. Reasons for the past decline of philosophy of education in teacher education and how they might be avoided in the future are also reviewed.
Counting young carers in Switzerland a study of prevalence
Year: 2019

An online survey of children in school grades 4 9 (mostly aged 10 15) was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of young carers in Switzerland using a 2 stage stratified sampling approach. 4082 respondents were drawn from 230 schools. A total of 3991 respondents were included in the analysis and of these 307 (7.7% were identified as young carers. The population estimate of prevalence was 7.9 per cent. This suggests that there are around 38 400 young carers in school grades 4 9 in Switzerland. Extrapolating to the 9 16 age group gives a figure of almost 51 500.
Navigating the everyone to everyone economy
Year: 2014

The newest digital technologies among them social media, mobility, analytics and cloud keep changing how people, businesses and governments interact. These digital forces enable unprecedented levels of connectedness and so the world is already investing in consumer centricity. However, these new technologies are truly still in their infancies. The transformation that is already underway will soon intensify, resulting in a paradigm shift from customer centricity toward an everyone to everyone (E2E) economy. The implication for value creation and allocation will be profound. IBM research shows that many organizations are still not ready to navigate the E2E environment. To prepare for the radical disruption ahead, companies need to act now to create experiences and business models that are orchestrated, symbiotic, contextual and cognitive.
Factors influencing students' corporate social responsibility orientation in higher education
Venue: Journal of Cleaner Production
Year: 2019

Given that the future of corporate social responsibility depends on upcoming generations' attitudes, a better understanding of the relationship between corporate social responsibility orientation and its predictors has significant implications for various stakeholders. This study sought to examine the factors that influence students' corporate social responsibility orientation in higher education contexts. To this end, primary data were collected through questionnaires distributed to undergraduate and graduate students at the University of Tras os Montes and Alto Douro, a northern Portuguese public institution. Although personal values, gender, religion, political ideology, academic field of study, and volunteerism appear to influence some corporate social responsibility orientation dimensions, the results only show significant relationships with gender, religion, and volunteerism. The most important findings include that women, religious students, and those who volunteer have a stronger philanthropic orientation and that women appear to have a more intense ethical orientation. In addition, the research conducted facilitated the definition of student profiles for each corporate social responsibility orientation dimension. This study's results provide interesting evidence of orientation determinant links, which expands the literature on corporate social responsibility, especially regarding higher education contexts. As university students are about to make important choices regarding their careers, these findings may help to broaden the field of corporate social responsibility research by identifying factors that contribute to shaping students' corporate social responsibility orientation. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, highlighting what still needs to be done to encourage corporate social responsibility orientation in higher education programs.
Big Data Analytics Exploration of Green Space and Mental Health in Melbourne
Venue: 2019 19th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGRID)
Year: 2019

Numerous researchers have shown that urban green space, e.g. parks and gardens, is positively associated with health and general well being. However, these works are typically based on surveys that have many limitations related to the sample size and the questionnaire design. Social media offers the possibility to systematically assess how human emotion is impacted by access to green space at a far larger scale that is more representative of society. In this paper, we explore how Twitter data was used to explore the relationship between green space and human emotion (sentiment) We consider the relationship between Twitter sentiment and green space in the suburbs of Melbourne and consider the impact of socio economics and related demographic factors. We develop a linear model to explore the extent that access to green space has on the sentiment of tweeters.
Characterizing properties and drivers of long distance movements by elephants (Loxodonta africana) in the Gourma, Mali
Year: 2013

Wide ranging, landscape level movements by terrestrial herbivores are increasingly threatened globally. Understanding the ecology of spatio temporal movement patterns is critical for conservation of wideranging terrestrial species and the ecosystems on which they rely. The range of the Gourma elephant population inhabiting the Sahelian eco region near Tombouctou (Timbuktu) Mali encompasses the largest areal extent in this species (29% greater than range sizes reported in other populations) Over the course of a year, the Gourma elephants (Loxodonta africana) move in a coordinated north south movement pattern that is relatively unique for the species. We apply two new approaches to this system to characterize space use patterns; a time density algorithm that provides a probability surface of normalized time spent per unit grid cell of GPS tracked animals and a velocity grid algorithm that summarizes linear movements (directions, speeds and directional similarity) in cartographic form. The derived movement vector raster was analyzed using standard clustering methods to categorize areas by movement properties. Using these techniques we inferred regions of relative ecological importance to the Gourma elephants, protection of which is essential for the preservation of this unique terrestrial movement system. Analysis suggests the observed spatio temporal pattern is a complex function of availability of surface water, vegetation productivity (as measured using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI) and possibly vegetation nutrient content. The approaches and applications demonstrated here can further our understanding of the movement ecology of other wildlife landscapes and facilitate the identification of crux points for their improved management.
Liraglutide once a day versus exenatide twice a day for type 2 diabetes: a 26 week randomised, parallel group, multinational, open label trial (LEAD 6)
Venue: The Lancet
Year: 2009

Unlike most antihyperglycaemic drugs, glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP 1) receptor agonists have a glucose dependent action and promote weight loss. We compared the efficacy and safety of liraglutide, a human GLP 1 analogue, with exenatide, an exendin based GLP 1 receptor agonist.  Adults with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes on maximally tolerated doses of metformin, sulphonylurea, or both, were stratified by previous oral antidiabetic therapy and randomly assigned to receive additional liraglutide 1.8 mg once a day (n=233) or exenatide 10 microg twice a day (n=231) in a 26 week open label, parallel group, multinational (15 countries) study. The primary outcome was change in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA(1c) Efficacy analyses were by intention to treat. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00518882.  Mean baseline HbA(1c) for the study population was 8.2% Liraglutide reduced mean HbA(1c) significantly more than did exenatide 1.12% [SE 0.08] vs 0.79% [0.08] estimated treatment difference 0.33; 95% CI 0.47 to 0.18; p<0.0001) and more patients achieved a HbA(1c) value of less than 7% (54%vs 43% respectively; odds ratio 2.02; 95% CI 1.31 to 3.11; p=0.0015) Liraglutide reduced mean fasting plasma glucose more than did exenatide 1.61 mmol/L [SE 0.20] vs 0.60 mmol/L [0.20] estimated treatment difference 1.01 mmol/L; 95% CI 1.37 to 0.65; p<0.0001) but postprandial glucose control was less effective after breakfast and dinner. Both drugs promoted similar weight losses (liraglutide 3.24 kg vs exenatide 2.87 kg) Both drugs were well tolerated, but nausea was less persistent (estimated treatment rate ratio 0.448, p<0.0001) and minor hypoglycaemia less frequent with liraglutide than with exenatide (1.93 vs 2.60 events per patient per year; rate ratio 0.55; 95% CI 0.34 to 0.88; p=0.0131; 25.5%vs 33.6% had minor hypoglycaemia) Two patients taking both exenatide and a sulphonylurea had a major hypoglycaemic episode.  Liraglutide once a day provided significantly greater improvements in glycaemic control than did exenatide twice a day, and was generally better tolerated. The results suggest that liraglutide might be a treatment option for type 2 diabetes, especially when weight loss and risk of hypoglycaemia are major considerations.
Automated extraction of lane markings from mobile LiDAR point clouds based on fuzzy inference
Year: 2020

Mobile LiDAR systems (MLS) are rapid and accurate technologies for acquiring three dimensional (3D) point clouds that can be used to generate 3D models of road environments. Because manual extraction of desirable features such as road traffic signs, trees, and pavement markings from these point clouds is tedious and time consuming, automatic information extraction of these objects is desirable. This paper proposes a novel automatic method to extract pavement lane markings (LMs) using point attributes associated with the MLS point cloud based on fuzzy inference. The proposed method begins with dividing the MLS point cloud into a number of small sections (e.g. tiles) along the route. After initial filtering of non ground points, each section is vertically aligned. Next, a number of candidate LM areas are detected using a Hough Transform (HT) algorithm and considering a buffer area around each line. The points inside each area are divided into "probable LM" and "non LM" clusters. After extracting geometric and radiometric descriptors for the "probable LM" clusters and analyzing them in a fuzzy inference system, true LM clusters are eventually detected. Finally, the extracted points are enhanced and transformed back to their original position. The efficiency of the method was tested on two different point cloud datasets along 15.6 km and 9.5 km roadway corridors. Comparing the LMs extracted using the algorithm with the manually extracted LMs, 88% of the LM lines were successfully extracted in both datasets.