nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The engineering design and efficiency analysis of gear reducer for gear motor
Venue: Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Innovative Design and Manufacturing (ICIDM)
Year: 2014

Recently, the power system equipped in elevator contains motor and gear reducer to get large output torque. In general, the motor and gear reducer are designed and manufactured separately. Its chief advantage is the reducing complexity of the related design process. However, the power system would constitute a variety of problems such as larger amount of components, heavy weight, longer power path, and large installation space. The purpose of this paper is to present new design concept which integrates motor and gear reducer into one single device and named as "gear motor" This concept has advantages: 1. less friction loss and higher overall efficiency, 2. smaller volume, less weight, and less axial space, and 3. better dynamic characteristic, less vibration, and less noise. First, according to the combining and eliminating methods of check list, we proposed four design concepts "gear motor" Based on the concept of train value equation of the train circuit, the 2 stage planetary gear reducer and coupled type gear reducer are synthesized. Then, according to the latent power theorem, the meshing efficiencies of the corresponding gear reducers are analyzed to be 95.46% and 95.87% Finally, the engineering design is accomplished to illustrate the design methodology. Based on the proposed methodology, all gear motors can be synthesized.
The human organic cation transporter OCT1 mediates high affinity uptake of the anticancer drug daunorubicin
Venue: Scientific reports
Year: 2016

Anthracyclines such as daunorubicin are anticancer agents that are transported into cells, and exert cytotoxicity by blocking DNA metabolism. Although there is evidence for active uptake of anthracyclines into cells, the specific transporter involved in this process has not been identified. Using the high grade serous ovarian cancer cell line TOV2223G, we show that OCT1 mediated the high affinity (Km 5 mM) uptake of daunorubicin into the cells, and that micromolar amounts of choline completely abolished the drug entry. OCT1 downregulation by shRNA impaired daunorubicin uptake into the TOV2223G cells, and these cells were significantly more resistant to the drug in comparison to the control shRNA. Transfection of HEK293T cells, which accommodated the ectopic expression of OCT1, with a plasmid expressing OCT1 EYFP showed that the transporter was predominantly localized to the plasma membrane. These transfected cells exhibited an increase in the uptake of daunorubicin in comparison to control cells transfected with an empty EYFP vector. Furthermore, a variant of OCT1, OCT1 D474C EYFP, failed to enhance daunorubicin uptake. This is the first report demonstrating that human OCT1 is involved in the high affinity transport of anthracyclines. We postulate that OCT1 defects may contribute to the resistance of cancer cells treated with anthracyclines.
Estimating Hay Bale Position with Stereo Vision Technique Using an Omnidirectional Camera
Year: 2008

In path planning of autonomous agriculture vehicles, detecting and identifying obstacles, and taking appropriate collision avoidance measures are critical for safe operation. The goal of this research was to obtain the hay bale distance and position to be used in real time obstacle avoidance detection for autonomous robot tractors using stereo vision system. The vision system was an omnidirectional camera that have a wide field view and useful for specific applications such as meadow, open field, etc. The estimated hay bales distance from the camera showed that the calibration parameters should be further improved to enable autonomous navigation of a robot tractor in the meadow.
Prevention of opportunistic infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and implications of the ECCO consensus in Belgium.
Venue: Acta gastro enterologica Belgica
Year: 2010

In an era of increasing use of immunomodulator (IM) therapy, opportunistic infections have emerged as a pivotal safety issue in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) Today's challenge to the physician is not only to manage IBD, but also to recognise, prevent and treat common and uncommon infections. The recent European ECCO guidelines on the management and prevention of opportunistic infections in patients with IBD provide clinicians with guidance on the prevention, detection and management of opportunistic infections in patients with IBD. Proposals may appear radical, potentially changing current practice, but we believe that the recommendations will help optimise patient outcomes by reducing morbidity and mortality related to opportunistic infections in patients with IBD. In this ongoing process, prevention is far the first and most important step. Prevention of opportunistic infections relies on recognition of risk factors for infection, the use of primary or secondary chemoprophylaxis, careful monitoring (clinical and laboratory work up) before and during the use of immunomodulators, vaccination and education of the patient. Special recommendations should also be given to patients before travel. Additionally, this paper discusses how the ECCO guidelines can be implemented in Belgium according to reimbursement legislation.
On scattering of light by small axially symmetric particles
Year: 2011

Light scattering by small dielectric particles of an arbitrary axially symmetric shape is analyzed. A simple approximate expression that governs the polarizability of the particle is found under the assumption of field homogeneity inside of these particles. The expression includes four relatively simple one dimensional integrals that can be calculated analytically for some types of particles (except for spheroids) A comparison with the numerical data obtained for various Chebyshev particles and finite cylinders showed that the obtained approximation yields acceptable results, even when the shape of scatterers is significantly different from spheroidal. For spheroids, our approximation coincides with the Rayleigh one.
CAR T Cells Releasing IL 18 Convert to T Bethigh FoxO1low Effectors that Exhibit Augmented Activity against Advanced Solid Tumors.
Venue: Cell reports
Year: 2017

Adoptive therapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) redirected T cells has achieved remarkable efficacy in the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies. However, eradicating large solid tumors in advanced stages of the disease remains challenging. We explored augmentation of the anti tumor immune reaction by establishing an acute inflammatory reaction. Systematic screening indicates that IL 18 polarizes CAR T cells toward T bethigh FoxO1low effectors with an acute inflammatory response. CAR T cells engineered with inducible IL 18 release exhibited superior activity against large pancreatic and lung tumors that were refractory to CAR T cells without cytokines. IL 18 CAR T cell treatment was accompanied by an overall change in the immune cell landscape associated with the tumor. More specifically, CD206 M1 macrophages and NKG2D+ NK cells increased in number, whereas Tregs, suppressive CD103+ DCs, and M2 macrophages decreased, suggesting that "iIL18 TRUCKs" can be used to sensitize large solid tumor lesions for successful immune destruction.
Management of acquired resistance to EGFR TKI targeted therapy in advanced non small cell lung cancer
Venue: Molecular Cancer
Year: 2018

Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment are enabling a more targeted approach to treating lung cancers. Therapy targeting the specific oncogenic driver mutation could inhibit tumor progression and provide a favorable prognosis in clinical practice. Activating mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are a favorable predictive factor for EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) treatment. For lung cancer patients with EGFR exon 19 deletions or an exon 21 Leu858Arg mutation, the standard first line treatment is first generation (gefitinib, erlotinib) or second generation (afatinib) TKIs. EGFR TKIs improve response rates, time to progression, and overall survival. Unfortunately, patients with EGFR mutant lung cancer develop disease progression after a median of 10 to 14 months on EGFR TKI. Different mechanisms of acquired resistance to first generation and second generation EGFR TKIs have been reported. Optimal treatment for the various mechanisms of acquired resistance is not yet clearly defined, except for the T790M mutation. Repeated tissue biopsy is important to explore resistance mechanisms, but it has limitations and risks. Liquid biopsy is a valid alternative to tissue re biopsy. Osimertinib has been approved for patients with T790M positive NSCLC with acquired resistance to EGFR TKI. For other TKI resistant mechanisms, combination therapy may be considered. In addition, the use of immunotherapy in lung cancer treatment has evolved rapidly. Understanding and clarifying the biology of the resistance mechanisms of EGFR mutant NSCLC could guide future drug development, leading to more precise therapy and advances in treatment.
Active Object Manipulation Facilitates Visual Object Learning: An Egocentric Vision Study
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2019

Inspired by the remarkable ability of the infant visual learning system, a recent study collected first person images from children to analyze the `training data' that they receive. We conduct a follow up study that investigates two additional directions. First, given that infants can quickly learn to recognize a new object without much supervision (i.e. few shot learning) we limit the number of training images. Second, we investigate how children control the supervision signals they receive during learning based on hand manipulation of objects. Our experimental results suggest that supervision with hand manipulation is better than without hands, and the trend is consistent even when a small number of images is available.
Bulk Savings for Bulk Transfers: Minimizing the Energy Cost for Geo Distributed Data Centers
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing
Year: 2020

With the fast proliferation of cloud computing, major cloud service providers, e.g. Amazon, Google, Facebook, etc. have been deploying more and more geographically distributed data centers to provide customers with better reliability and quality of services. A basic demand in such a geo distributed data center system is to transfer bulk volumes of data from one data center to another. Geographic distribution and large delay tolerance of such inter data center bulk data transfers provide cloud service providers opportunities to optimize the operating cost. Most existing studies on inter data center bulk data transfers focus on minimizing the network bandwidth cost. However, the energy cost of the bulk data transfers, which also accounts for a large proportion of operating cost in the data centers, still remains unexplored. This is an important problem, especially in the multi electricity market environment, where the electricity price exhibits both spatial and temporal diversities. In this paper, we systematically study the problem of how to route and schedule inter data center bulk data transfers to minimize the energy cost for geo distributed data centers. We model this problem as a min cost multi commodity flow problem and develop an efficient two stage optimization method to solve it. Extensive evaluations with real life inter data center network and electricity prices show that our method brings significant energy cost savings over existing bulk data transfer methods.
The biology, function and clinical implications of exosomes in lung cancer.
Venue: Cancer letters
Year: 2017

Exosomes are 30 100 nm small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin that are secreted by all types of cells, and can also be found in various body fluids. Increasing evidence implicates that exosomes confer stability and can deliver their cargos such as proteins and nucleic acids to specific cell types, which subsequently serve as important messengers and carriers in lung carcinogenesis. Here, we describe the biogenesis and components of exosomes mainly in lung cancer, we summarize their function in lung carcinogenesis (epithelial mesenchymal transition, oncogenic cell transformation, angiogenesis, metastasis and immune response in tumor microenvironment) and importantly we focus on the clinical potential of exosomes as biomarkers and therapeutics in lung cancer. In addition, we also discuss current challenges that might impede the clinical use of exosomes. Further studies on the functional roles of exosomes in lung cancer requires thorough research.
Gender and Media
Year: 2020

Gender and media have been topics of academic interest for over half a century.Media production, content, and consumption have each given rise to vibrant fields of scholarly research on how to understand themin relation to gender. Specific epistemological and ontological viewpoints on understanding gender and its relation to media marks each of these fields. Theoretical and social developments now challenge the concepts of both gender and media. Specifically, digitization and globalization challenge theoretical concepts such as media consumption, the sex/gender dichotomy, and so on. Using three recent cases SheDecides, the Gender Pay Gap, and #MeToo as illustrations, current critical inquiries in the study of gender and media are scrutinized. First, the traditional categories in the study of media and gender production, content, and consumption are summarized, briefly explicating their major contributions to academic thought on gender and media. Second, the challenges posed by digitization and globalization are discussed.
Who Stays at Home? The Politics of Social Distancing in Brazil, Mexico, and the United States during the COVID 19 Pandemic.
Venue: Journal of health politics, policy and law
Year: 2021

Reductions in population mobility can mitigate virus transmission and, in turn, disease related mortality. But do social distancing policies in response to COVID 19 actually change population behavior and, if so, what political, socioeconomic, and epidemiological factors condition this policy effect?  We leverage subnational variation in the stringency and timing of state issued social distancing policies to test their effects on population mobility from March to December 2020 across 109 states in Brazil, Mexico, and the United States. We also explore how conventional explanations of compliance, including political trust, socioeconomic resources, health risks, and partisanship, modify these policy effects.  In Brazil and the U.S. mandatory stay at home orders and workplace closures jointly reduced mobility, especially early in the pandemic. In Mexico, where federal government intervention created greater policy uniformity across states, workplace closures produced the most consistent reduction in mobility. Conventional explanations of compliance perform well in the U.S. but not in Brazil and Mexico, with the exception of socioeconomic resources.  In addition to new directions for future research on the politics of compliance, the article offers insights for policymakers about which public health measures are likely to elicit compliance. Our finding that the efficacy of workplace closures at reducing population mobility increases with levels of socioeconomic development suggests that cash transfers, economic stimulus packages, and other policies that mitigate the financial burdens of the pandemic may help reduce population mobility by decreasing the costs of staying at home.
Unimanual and bimanual weight perception of virtual objects with a new multi finger haptic interface
Venue: Brain Research Bulletin
Year: 2011

Accurate weight perception is important particularly in tasks where the user has to apply vertical forces to ensure safe landing of a fragile object or precise penetration of a surface with a probe. Moreover, depending on physical properties of objects such as weight and size we may switch between unimanual and bimanual manipulation during a task. Research has shown that bimanual manipulation of real objects results in a misperception of their weight: they tend to feel lighter than similarly heavy objects which are handled with one hand only [8] Effective simulation of bimanual manipulation with desktop haptic interfaces should be able to replicate this effect of bimanual manipulation on weight perception. Here, we present the MasterFinger 2, a new multi finger haptic interface allowing bimanual manipulation of virtual objects with precision grip and we conduct weight discrimination experiments to evaluate its capacity to simulate unimanual and bimanual weight. We found that the bimanual 'lighter' bias is also observed with the MasterFinger 2 but the sensitivity to changes of virtual weights deteriorated.
Review on the improvement of the photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of ZnO
Year: 2017

Photocatalytic degradation is an effective method to alleviate environmental pollution caused by organic pollutants. In this work, research progress on the application of photocatalytic degradation and the antibacterial properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials is reviewed. The visible light photo response of ZnO has been expanded by employing various strategies, such as enhancing the photocatalytic activity of ZnO through modification of its electronic and optical properties, doping metal/nonmetal atoms, depositing noble metals, constructing heterojunctions, and coupling carbon materials, because the wide band gap of ZnO likely restricts its applications in photocatalysis. Although ZnO nanomaterials are commonly used for antibacterial applications, our understanding on the toxicity mechanisms of ZnO is limited. Some of the main toxicity mechanisms of this compound include reactive oxygen species generation, Zn2+ release, membrane dysfunction, and nanoparticle internalization into cells. Some of the main methods that improve antibacterial activities are coating inorganic or organic antimicrobial agents, doping ZnO, and tuning the size, morphological characteristics, and concentration of ZnO nanomaterials. This review aims to examine the current research progress on ZnO based nanomaterials developed for the photocatalysis of organic contaminant degradation and antibacterial applications.
A Framework for Model Inversion Attacks on Collaborative Filtering
Year: 2018

Recommender systems using collaborative filtering have become increasingly popular in recent years. Such system predicts items that users would prefer based on their ratings (or purchase history) Data poisoning attack on collaborative filtering has been introduced by Li et al. in 2016, for the purpose of degrading the performance of a recommender system, or boosting/reducing the popularity of specific items. In this paper, we use data poisoning to expose user privacy and propose a model inversion attack on collaborative filtering. Our proposed attack enables to infer the sensitive items that a user rated highly (or purchased) from a recommended item.
Incremental Redundancy, Fountain Codes and Advanced Topics
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2014

This document is written in order to establish a common base ground on which the majority of the relevant research about linear fountain codes can be analyzed and compared. As far as I am concerned, there is no unified approach that outlines and compares most of the published linear fountain codes in a single and self contained framework. This written document has not only resulted in the review of theoretical fundamentals of efficient coding techniques for incremental redundancy and linear fountain coding, but also helped me have a comprehensive reference document and hopefully for many other graduate students who would like to have some background to pursue a research career regarding fountain codes and their various applications. Some background in information, coding, graph and probability theory is expected. Although various aspects of this topic and many other relevant research are deliberately left out, I still hope that this document shall serve researchers' need well. I have also included several exercises to warm up. The presentation style is usually informal and the presented material is not necessarily rigorous. There are many spots in the text that are product of my coauthors and myself, although some of which have not been published yet.
Impact of Low Back Pain Clinical Trials Measured by the Altmetric Score: Cross Sectional Study
Venue: Journal of medical Internet research
Year: 2018

There is interest from authors and publishers in sharing the results of their studies over the Internet in order to increase their readership. In this way, articles tend to be discussed and the impact of these articles tends to be increased. In order to measure this type of impact, a new score (named Altmetric) was created. Altmetric aims to understand the individual impact of each article through the attention attracted online.  The primary objective of this study was to analyze potential factors related with the publishing journal and the publishing trial that could be associated with Altmetric scores on a random sample of low back pain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) The secondary objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of these trials and their Altmetric scores.  We searched for all low back pain RCTs indexed on the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro; www.pedro.org.au) published between 2010 and 2015. A total of 200 articles were randomly selected, and we extracted data related to the publishing trial, the publishing journal, methodological quality of the trials (measured by the 0 10 item PEDro scale) and total and individual scores of Altmetric mentioned and Altmetric reader. The study was a cross sectional study, and multivariate regression models and descriptive statistics were used.  A total of four variables were associated with Altmetric mentioned score: impact factor (b coefficient=3.4 points) number of years since publication (b coefficient= 4.9 points) number of citations divided by years since publication (b coefficient=5.2 points) and descriptive title (b coefficient= 29.4 points) Only one independent variable was associated with Altmetric reader score: number of citations divided by years since publication (b coefficient=10.1 points, 95% CI 7.74 12.46) We also found that the majority of articles were published in English, with a descriptive title, and published in open access journals endorsing the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement.  Researchers should preferably select high impact factor journals for submission and use declarative or interrogative titles, as these factors are likely to increase the visibility of their studies in social media.