nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The role of the intensive care unit environment and health care workers in the transmission of bacteria associated with hospital acquired infections.
Venue: Journal of infection and public health
Year: 2016

The goal of this study was to attempt to determine the rate of contamination of health care workers' (HCWs) hands and environmental surfaces in intensive care units (ICU) by the main bacteria associated with hospital acquired infections (HAIs) in Tehran, Iran. A total of 605 and 762 swab samples were obtained from six ICU environments and HCWs' hands. Identification of the bacterial isolates was performed according to standard biochemical methods, and their antimicrobial susceptibility was determined based on the guidelines recommended by clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI) The homology of the resistance patterns was assessed by the NTSYSsp software. The most frequent bacteria on the HCWs' hands and in the environmental samples were Acinetobacter baumannii (1.4% and 16.5% respectively) Staphylococcus aureus (5.9% and 8.1% respectively) S. epidermidis (20.9% and 18.7% respectively) and Enterococcus spp. (1% and 1.3% respectively) Patients' oxygen masks, ventilators, and bed linens were the most contaminated sites. Nurses' aides and housekeepers were the most contaminated staff. Imipenem resistant A. baumannii (94% and 54.5% methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSAs, 59.6% and 67.3% and vancomycin resistant Enterococci (VREs, 0% and 25% were detected on the hands of ICU staff and the environmental samples, respectively. Different isolates of S. aureus and Enterococcus spp. showed significant homology in these samples. These results showed contamination of the ICU environments and HCWs with important bacterial pathogens that are the main risk factors for HAIs in the studied hospitals.
Centralized and Integrated Decentralized Compressed Air Energy Storage for Enhanced Grid Integration of Wind Power
Year: 2010

In this paper, we model the economic feasibility of compressed air energy storage (CAES) to improve wind power integration. The Base Case is a wind park with 100 MW of installed capacity and no storage facility. In Variant 1 we add a central CAES system with 90 MW of compressor and 180 MW of generation capacity. The compressed air is stored in a cavern. The CAES system is operated independently of the wind park such that profits from peak power sales at the spot market and reserve power market are maximized. Variant 2 is an integrated, decentralized CAES system, where each wind turbine is equipped with a compressor but no generator. The compressed air is stored in a cavern and converted into electricity by a turbine, again maximizing profit as a peak power plant. Both variants are modeled for conventional diabatic and the more advanced adiabatic systems.
Coherent Multiple Antenna Block Fading Channels at Finite Blocklength
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Year: 2019

In this paper, we consider a channel model that is often used to describe mobile wireless scenarios: multiple antenna additive white Gaussian noise channels subject to random (fading) gains with full channel state information at the receiver. The dynamics of the fading process are approximated by a piecewise constant process (frequency non selective isotropic block fading) This paper addresses the finite blocklength fundamental limits of this channel model. Specifically, we give a formula for the channel dispersion a quantity governing the delay required to achieve capacity. The multiplicative nature of the fading disturbance leads to a number of interesting technical difficulties that required us to enhance traditional methods for finding the channel dispersion. Alas, one difficulty remains: the converse (impossibility) part of our result holds under an extra constraint on the growth of the peak power with blocklength. Our results demonstrate, for example, that while the capacities of <inline formula> <tex math notation="LaTeX"$n_{t}\times n_{r} /tex math>/inline formula> and <inline formula> <tex math notation="LaTeX"$n_{r} \times n_{t} /tex math>/inline formula> antenna configurations coincide (under fixed received power) the coding delay can be sensitive to this switch. For example, at the received SNR of 20 dB, the <inline formula> <tex math notation="LaTeX"$16\times 100$ /tex math>/inline formula> system achieves capacity with codes of length (delay) which is only 60% of the length required for the <inline formula> <tex math notation="LaTeX"$100\times 16$ /tex math>/inline formula> system. Another interesting implication is that for the MISO channel, the dispersion optimal coding schemes require employing orthogonal designs such as Alamouti's scheme a surprising observation considering the fact that Alamouti's scheme was designed for reducing demodulation errors, not improving coding rate. Finding these dispersion optimal coding schemes naturally gives a criteria for producing orthogonal design like inputs in dimensions where orthogonal designs do not exist.
Early father infant skin to skin contact and its effect on the neurodevelopmental outcomes of moderately preterm infants in China: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Venue: Trials
Year: 2018

BackgroundSkin to skin contact (SSC) is an evidence based intervention that benefits low birth weight /preterm infants. However, China's health institutional policy inhibits parents from visiting their baby in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) In addition, the Chinese traditional postpartum behavioral practice of confining women to home raises barriers to mother infant contact. Thus, to shorten the duration of parent infant separation, father infant SSC is considered a possible alternative. This study determines whether it is safe to perform father infant SSC in the NICU and investigates how paternal SSC affects outcomes compared with traditional care (TC) for moderately preterm infants.designA randomized controlled trial will be used to investigate the effects of paternal infant SSC in NICU wards in China. Preterm infants born at a gestational age in the range of 320 346 weeks with a birth weight 1500 g will be eligible. A simple random sampling method will be used to allocate infants to the SSC group (n 25) or the TC group (n 25) After medical stability, infants in the SSC group will be provided SSC by fathers for one hour every day until discharged from hospital. The primary outcome is neurodevelopmental measures, specifically salivary cortisol and Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) during hospitalization. At 40 weeks of corrected age, infants will be assessed using the Infant Neurological International Battery (INFANIB) and neuroimaging. Secondary outcomes include infants' physiological stability during SSC and throughout hospitalization and state observation at discharge. The fathers' mental health will be assessed with the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) 1 day to 3 days after the infant's admission to the NICU and at discharge. Father infant attachment will be evaluated at 4 and 6 months after the infants' discharge, measured by the Paternal Postnatal Attachment Scale (PPAS) Statistical analyses will be conducted using a two sided significance level of 0.05.DiscussionThe effects of paternal infant SSC on moderately preterm infants will be assessed. The data gathered in this study may have important implications for medical practice and policy in the NICU regarding the care methods of premature infants in China.
Volume changes of autogenous bone grafts after alveolar ridge augmentation of atrophic maxillae and mandibles.
Venue: International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery
Year: 2009

The aim of the present retrospective chart review was to determine the relationship between nonvascularized osseous graft remodeling and the three dimensional (3D) features of grafts and recipient sites, the anatomical recipient regions and different graft sources. 32 iliac crest or chin grafts were onlay positioned in the mandible or maxilla of 14 patients. CT scans, taken before implant positioning and after 1 year, revealed a mean volume resorption of 35 51% For iliac crest grafts, the average resorption was 42% when the onlay was positioned in the anterior maxilla and 59% when it was positioned in the posterior mandible. Spearman correlation and 3D interpolation analysis revealed, for both iliac crest groups, a moderate or advanced remodeling pattern depending on 3D features, namely graft thickness and shape, basal bone volume of recipient site, and the basal bone/graft volume ratio of the recipient site. No statistically significant differences were found between the recipient and donor site groups. Retrospective analysis of the data indicates that iliac crest grafts, onlay positioned on adequate basal bone volume, may register a reduced volume remodeling when shaped thick in the anterior maxilla or rounded and convex, on the external surface, in the posterior mandible.
Design of a Low Power Hybrid Energy Harvester System Using Radio Frequency, Thermal and Vibration Inputs for Mobile Phone
Venue: 2019 IEEE Regional Symposium on Micro and Nanoelectronics (RSM)
Year: 2019

Nowadays, mobile phones become effective devices for various daily tasks. However, their batteries need to be charged in order to perform the heavy multimedia and applications tasks that run on them. This research presents a design of Low Power Hybrid Energy Harvester (LP HEH) system used for self charging of mobile phones. In this HEH design, three input sources (thermal, vibration and radio frequency) are combined to improve the system performance and overcome the limitation issue of a single source energy harvester. The inputs are set to 0.02V DC, 0.5V AC with the 2 kHz and 20dBm with 915MHz for Thermal, Vibration and RF sources respectively. LP HEH circuits are designed and simulated using PSPICE software. Rectifier is used to convert the AC voltage produced by vibration source to DC voltage. To step up the small voltage harvested by thermal and vibration sources, boost converter is used. Meanwhile, the frequency of RF waves is quite high, so the voltage multiplier is used to rectify and step up the input voltage. LC resonant circuit is used to amplify low RF ambient input passively before using voltage multiplier. The proposed design of LP HEH is able to achieve output of 4.2V which is sufficient for charging mobile phone.
New insights into peritrophic matrix synthesis, architecture, and function.
Venue: Annual review of entomology
Year: 2009

The peritrophic matrix (PM) is a chitin and glycoprotein layer that lines the invertebrate midgut. Although structurally different, it is functionally similar to the mucous secretions of the vertebrate digestive tract. The PM is a physical barrier, protecting the midgut epithelium from abrasive food particles, digestive enzymes, and pathogens infectious per os. It is also a biochemical barrier, sequestering and, in some cases, inactivating ingested toxins. Finally, the PM compartmentalizes digestive processes, allowing for efficient nutrient acquisition and reuse of hydrolytic enzymes. The PM consists of an organized lattice of chitin fibrils held together by chitin binding proteins. Glycans fill the interstitial spaces, creating a molecular sieve, the properties of which are dependent on the immediate ion content and pH. In this review, we have integrated recent structural and functional information to create a holistic model for the PM. We also show how this information may generate novel technologies for use in insect pest management.
The progress of tactical radios from legacy systems to cognitive radios
Venue: IEEE Communications Magazine
Year: 2013

This article gives a tutorial about some critical milestones regarding the journey of tactical radios from legacy systems to cognitive radios. Although tactical radios have been in use for over 100 years, this tutorial focuses on the post Vietnam War radios and uses examples from the U.S. Department of Defense major acquisition programs. The article considers legacy radios to be the generation of radios that was initiated by the U.S. Department of Defense in the 1970s that had spread spectrum and frequency hopping capabilities to resist jamming. The Link 16 system is covered in this article as a benchmark for legacy radios. Two major technological leaps came after these legacy radios. First was the software defined radios initiative, which brought about the ability to develop waveforms entirely in software in the absence of a defined hardware platform. As a result, different waveforms can be ported into the same hardware platform. This article presents the Wideband Networking Waveform, which is a complex waveform developed under a U.S. Department of Defense program, as a software based waveform that can be downloaded into different hardware platforms. The next technological leap came with cognitive radios, which have the ability to sense their environments and adapt intelligently to the dynamics of the war theatre.
Success criteria for electronic medical record implementations in low resource settings: a systematic review
Venue: J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc.
Year: 2015

Electronic medical record (EMR) systems have the potential of supporting clinical work by providing the right information at the right time to the right people and thus make efficient use of resources. This is especially important in low resource settings where reliable data are also needed to support public health and local supporting organizations. In this systematic literature review, our objectives are to identify and collect literature about success criteria of EMR implementations in low resource settings and to summarize them into recommendations.  Our search strategy relied on PubMed queries and manual bibliography reviews. Studies were included if EMR implementations in low resource settings were described. The extracted success criteria and measurements were summarized into 7 categories: ethical, financial, functionality, organizational, political, technical, and training.  We collected 381 success criteria with 229 measurements from 47 articles out of 223 articles. Most papers were evaluations or lessons learned from African countries, published from 1999 to 2013. Almost half of the EMR systems served a specific disease area like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) The majority of criteria that were reported dealt with the functionality, followed by organizational issues, and technical infrastructures. Sufficient training and skilled personnel were mentioned in roughly 10% Political, ethical, and financial considerations did not play a predominant role. More evaluations based on reliable frameworks are needed.  Highly reliable data handling methods, human resources and effective project management, as well as technical architecture and infrastructure are all key factors for successful EMR implementation.
H4K20me3 methyltransferase SUV420H2 shapes the chromatin landscape of pluripotent embryonic stem cells
Venue: Development
Year: 2020

Heterochromatin, a densely packed chromatin state that is transcriptionally silent, is a critical regulator of gene expression. However, it is unclear how the repressive histone modification H4K20me3 or the histone methyltransferase SUV420H2 regulates embryonic stem (ES) cell fate by patterning the epigenetic landscape. Here, we report that depletion of SUV420H2 leads to a near complete loss of H4K20me3 genome wide, dysregulated gene expression and delayed ES cell differentiation. SUV420H2 bound regions are enriched with repetitive DNA elements, which are de repressed in SUV420H2 knockout ES cells. Moreover, SUV420H2 regulation of H4K20me3 marked heterochromatin controls chromatin architecture, including fine scale chromatin interactions in pluripotent ES cells. Our results indicate that SUV420H2 plays a crucial role in stabilizing the three dimensional chromatin landscape of ES cells, as loss of SUV420H2 resulted in A/B compartment switching, perturbed chromatin insulation, and altered chromatin interactions of pericentric heterochromatin and surrounding regions, indicative of localized decondensation. In addition, depletion of SUV420H2 resulted in compromised interactions between H4K20me3 and gene regulatory regions. Together, these findings describe a new role for SUV420H2 in regulating the chromatin landscape of ES cells.  SUV420H2 regulation of H4K20me3 marked heterochromatin controls the chromatin structure of embryonic stem cells, where loss of SUV420H2 results in dysregulated gene expression and differentiation, altered 3D chromatin interactions, compartment switching and perturbed chromatin insulation.
Internal control and quality service delivery in a public health sector: A case study of a Local Government in Uganda
Venue: African Journal of Business Management
Year: 2019

The main objective of this paper was to examine the effect of internal control on quality health service delivery in Greater Iganga Local Government. This study adopted a cross sectional research design. A population of 205 health facilities were targeted. Stratified and simple research techniques were applied to obtain a sample size of 127 health facilities whose accounting managers, health managers and instructors, laboratory officers, personnel managers and drug stock administrators and supervisors formed the unit of inquiry on internal control while health service clients formed the unit of inquiry on the quality of health services offered. Data were collected by the use of questionnaires which were self administered to 635 respondents. The responses were aggregated to the respective units of analysis (Health Centers) SPSS was employed to execute correlation and regression analysis. The finding revealed that internal control is positive and significantly linked to quality health service delivery (r=0.715; p<0.001) This implies that internal control considerably influences quality health service delivery in Greater Iganga Local Government. The study findings accrued from cross sectional study design which is screwed with certain limitations. Future study should consider the same study through other study designs. Moreover, the study was done within the setting of Uganda local government, thus future study should consider testing this model in other local governments.  Internal control, quality health service delivery, local government.
Looking Backward and Forward: Political Links and Environmental Corporate Social Responsibility in China
Year: 2020

This study aims to enrich our understanding of the relationship between political connections and the adoption of environmental corporate socially responsible (ECSR) investments. In addition to the individual level political connections, i.e. entrepreneurs' personal ties to government officials, we propose in China the creation of Communist Party of China (CPC) branches in privately owned firms serve as organizational and institutionalized dimensions of political connection building. Drawing on the social exchange theory, this paper details how CPC branches function in privately owned firms and how entrepreneurs are motivated by the reciprocal logic to engage in ECSR. We also supplement this main effect by examining the boundary conditions of it at the firm and regional level. Using a dataset with 17,690 firm observations in China, we find that the existence of CPC branches gives rise to the ECSR investments and the firm level contingencies such as centralized governance and financial constraints, and the regional level contingencies such as the development of the market system, are important moderators that shape the association of political links and ECSR investments. These findings have ample implications to understand the ECSR activities and extend social exchange theory beyond the individual level on which it is typically applied.
Constructivism Theory: The Factors Affecting Students' Academic Performance in Higher Education
Year: 2020

This paper aimed to use social media impact on student studies in higher education. Apart from enjoyment and academic purposes, many educational practices and processes have been influenced by social networks. This paper highlighted the use of media tools in higher education as well as indicates out some of the factors. Moreover, through a literature review of related articles, we aim to provide insights into the impacts of a social network on educational quality, actual use of social media, and performance impact in higher education. A questionnaire survey on constructivism was circulated among a total of 206 university students as the key method for collecting data. This research hypothesizes educational quality and actual social media use indicates a positive effect in education, all of which also hypothesizes constructivism for educational quality and actual social media that in turn improve students' satisfaction, and performance impact. Moreover, all research findings were attained through a quantitative method using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM AMOS) Findings of this research to indicate a positive effects students on their academic through behavioral intention to utilize social media to actual social media use for teaching and learning on higher education. Moreover, the results mention the use of social media for learning purpose, as well as social media to enables the sharing of knowledge, discussions, and information to enhance students' learning activities, Further studies are recommended which universities educators should take this into consideration when planning their curricula; it comes to the inclusion of technology in the teaching process.
Zero shot Learning of Classifiers from Natural Language Quantification
Venue: ACL
Year: 2018

Humans can efficiently learn new concepts using language. We present a framework through which a set of explanations of a concept can be used to learn a classifier without access to any labeled examples. We use semantic parsing to map explanations to probabilistic assertions grounded in latent class labels and observed attributes of unlabeled data, and leverage the differential semantics of linguistic quantifiers (e.g. 'usually' vs 'always' to drive model training. Experiments on three domains show that the learned classifiers outperform previous approaches for learning with limited data, and are comparable with fully supervised classifiers trained from a small number of labeled examples.
Developing and validating a model of ISO 9001 effectiveness gap: empirical evidence from China
Venue: Total Quality Management Business Excellence
Year: 2019

Based on reverse thinking, this research defines the concept of the 'ISO 9001 effectiveness gap' for the first time and establishes the ISO 9001 effectiveness gap model. A research study was carried out in 413 ISO 9001 certified companies in Beijing City, Shandong Province, Anhui Province and Guangxi Province, which are representative in China. Data were obtained through a structured questionnaire and have been analysed with exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses using Smart PLS 3. The present study findings show that motivation barriers, top management barriers, employee barriers, resource barriers, and certification organisation barriers all have positive impacts on the ISO 9001 effectiveness gap. In addition, the research also finds that top management barriers play a central role in the model of the ISO 9001 effectiveness gap and that employee barriers are affected by some other factors. It is also important to note that the role of certification organisation barriers cannot be ignored. The present study findings can provide some inspirations for different participants such as companies, certification organisations and government to design efficacious strategies to reduce the ISO 9001 effectiveness gap.