nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The higher order spectrum of simplicial complexes: a renormalization group approach
Year: 2020

Network topology is a flourishing interdisciplinary subject that is relevant for different disciplines including quantum gravity and brain research. The discrete topological objects that are investigated in network topology are simplicial complexes. Simplicial complexes generalize networks by not only taking pairwise interactions into account, but also taking into account many body interactions between more than two nodes. Higher order Laplacians are topological operators that describe higher order diffusion on simplicial complexes and constitute the natural mathematical objects that capture the interplay between network topology and dynamics. We show that higher order up and down Laplacians can have a finite spectral dimension, characterizing the long time behaviour of the diffusion process on simplicial complexes that depends on their order $m$ We provide a renormalization group theory for the calculation of the higher order spectral dimension of two deterministic models of simplicial complexes: the Apollonian and the pseudo fractal simplicial complexes. We show that the RG flow is affected by the fixed point at zero mass, which determines the higher order spectral dimension $d_S$ of the up Laplacians of order $m$ with $m\geq 0$
Electric permittivity of carbon fiber
Venue: Carbon
Year: 2019

The electric permittivity is a fundamental material property that affects electrical, electromagnetic and electrochemical applications. This work provides the first determination of the permittivity of continuous carbon fibers. The measurement is conducted along the fiber axis by capacitance measurement at 2 kHz using an LCR meter, with a dielectric film between specimen and electrode (necessary because an LCR meter is not designed to measure the capacitance of an electrical conductor) and with decoupling of the contributions of the specimen volume and specimen electrode interface to the measured capacitance. The relative permittivity is 4960 662 and 3960 450 for Thornel P 100 (more graphitic) and Thornel P 25 fibers (less graphitic) respectively. These values are high compared to those of discontinuous carbons, such as reduced graphite oxide (relative permittivity 1130) but are low compared to those of steels, which are more conductive than carbon fibers. The high permittivity of carbon fibers compared to discontinuous carbons is attributed to the continuity of the fibers and the consequent substantial distance that the electrons can move during polarization. The P 100/P 25 permittivity ratio is 1.3, whereas the P 100/P 25 conductivity ratio is 67. Thus, defects associated with a low degree of graphitization hinder conduction more than polarization.
The effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on major adverse cardiovascular events: a meta analysis of randomized controlled studies in depression
Venue: International clinical psychopharmacology
Year: 2019

It has been reported that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) might induce major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) but the association between the use of SSRIs and MACE has not been elucidated as yet. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the use of SSRIs and MACE in depressed patients with previous cardiovascular events. Two researchers independently selected randomized controlled studies (RCTs) according to the predefined inclusion criteria and evaluated the quality of articles. A quantitative analysis was carried out to estimate pooled risk ratios (RRs) for the association between the use of SSRIs and MACE. Ten RCTs were selected in the final analysis. The use of SSRIs in depressed patients with previous cardiovascular events significantly decreased the risk of MACE [RR: 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.55 0.99] The risk of myocardial infarction was also reduced significantly (RR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.37 0.93) associations with stroke and all cause death (cardiac or other causes) risk of stroke (RR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.35 2.25) or all cause death (RR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.66 1.05) This meta analysis suggests that the use of SSRIs decreased the risk of MACE by significantly reducing the risk of myocardial infraction in patients with depression and previous cardiovascular events.
Principles of representation throughout the world: Constitutional provisions and electoral systems
Year: 2015

Focusing on the effects of singular technical elements, electoral system research has neglected the question of whether specific systems are supposed to achieve overarching normative goals. Due to their importance for any polity, such principles of representation are widely assumed to be determined in the constitution. Therefore, a world wide survey of constitutions presents a promising opportunity to study electoral systems' general goals in a comparative manner. In providing such a survey and investigating the causes, contents and consequences of constitutional provisions, this analysis shows that constitutional embeddedness of the electoral system is contingent upon factors such as region (with constitutional principles especially typical in Europe and Latin America) and decision context. Importantly, the 'proportionality principle' is much more prone to enter a constitution and receive increased protection than its antipode, the 'majority principle' Furthermore, mixed principles calling for a balance between aforementioned extremes exist, suggesting that mixed electoral systems are not always merely technical compromises. Finally, constitutional embeddedness seems to have a context dependent effect on specific technical elements but generally leads to greater stability of the overall electoral system. The key implication for future research is that the normative principle dimension of electoral systems has to be considered alongside their technical design.
Dietary nitrate supplementation alters the oral microbiome but does not improve the vascular responses to an acute nitrate dose.
Venue: Nitric oxide biology and chemistry
Year: 2019

Nitrate (NO3 contained in food and beverages can transiently increase nitric oxide (NO) availability following a stepwise reduction to nitrite (NO2 by commensal bacteria in the oral cavity. We tested the hypothesis that regular ingestion of dietary NO3 would influence the oral microbiome, the capacity to reduce NO3 to NO2 in saliva, and the vascular responses to an acute dose of NO3 The abundance of bacterial species on the tongue, the availability of NO markers, and vascular function were assessed in 11 healthy males before and after 7 days of supplementation with NO3 rich beetroot juice and a NO3 depleted placebo. As expected, saliva and plasma NO2 and NO3 were significantly elevated after NO3 supplementation (all P 0.05) but not placebo. We found that NO3 supplementation increased salivary pH (7.13 0.54 to 7.39 0.68, P 0.043) and altered the abundance of some bacteria previously implicated in NO3 reduction: Neisseria (from 2% 3% 9% 5% P 0.001) Prevotella (from 34% 17% 23% 11% P 0.001) and Actinomyces (from 1% 1% 0.5% 0.4% Despite these alterations to the oral microbiota, an acute dose of NO3 increased salivary and plasma NO2 reduced systolic blood pressure and increased the response to flow mediated dilation to a similar extent before and after 7 days of supplementation (P 0.05) Our study establishes that supplementing the diet with NO3 for a sustained period can alter the oral environment in favour of health but does not impact the response to an acute NO3 dose. Acute ingestion of NO3 results in transient improvements in vascular function but the dietary induced adaptations to the oral bacteria did not enhance these effects.
Feasibility study of the National Autistic Society EarlyBird parent support programme
Venue: Autism the international journal of research and practice
Year: 2019

The EarlyBird programme is a group based psychoeducation intervention for parents of young children with autism. Although it is widely used in the United Kingdom, the evidence base for the programme is very limited. Using a mixed method, non randomised research design, we aimed to test (1) the acceptability of the research procedures (recruitment, retention, suitability of measures) (2) the parental acceptability of EarlyBird (attendance, views of the programme, perceived changes) and (3) the facilitator acceptability of EarlyBird (fidelity, views of the programme, perceived changes) Seventeen families with a 2 to 5 year old autistic child and 10 EarlyBird facilitators took part. Pre and post intervention assessment included measures of the child's autism characteristics, cognitive ability, adaptive behaviour, emotional and behavioural problems and parent reported autism knowledge, parenting competence, stress and wellbeing. Semi structured interviews were completed at post intervention with parents and facilitators. For those involved in the study, the research procedures were generally acceptable, retention rates were high and the research protocol was administered as planned. Generally, positive views of the intervention were expressed by parents and facilitators. Although the uncontrolled, within participant design does not allow us to test for efficacy, change in several outcome measures from pre to post intervention was in the expected direction. Difficulties were encountered with recruitment (opt in to the groups was ~56% and opt in to the research was 63% and strategies to enhance recruitment need to be built into any future trial. These findings should be used to inform protocols for pragmatic, controlled trials of EarlyBird and other group based interventions for parents with young autistic children.
Bioinspired design of AgNPs embedded silk sericin based sponges for efficiently combating bacteria and promoting wound healing
Venue: Materials Design
Year: 2019

A wound dressing with excellent hydrophilicity, high porosity, good mechanical property, and antimicrobial activities holds great potential for wound healing. Sericin, a natural protein from silkworm cocoon, is particularly attractive for the development of skin repairing materials because it is biocompatible and biodegradable. Here, we reported a green strategy for in situ biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) within sericin/poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel. AgNPs were in situ synthesized by the redox property of tyrosine residues in sericin without additional chemicals, similar to a biomineralization process. AgNPs sericin/poly(vinyl alcohol) dressing was demonstrated to bear desired high porosity, good wettability, hygroscopicity, and mechanical properties. The evaluation of cytocompatibility and immunotoxicity of the composite with NIH/3T3, HEK 293, and RAW264.7 cells further demonstrated its excellent biocompatibility. The composite also showed an effective antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and could inhibit biofilm formation caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Finally, the animal experiment suggested that the composite dressing could facilitate re epithelialization and collagen deposition to promote wound healing. Our work shows that the composite dressing has great potential as a competitive alternative for traditional wound dressings.
Explicating user behavior toward multi screen adoption and diffusion: User experience in the multi screen media ecology
Venue: Internet Res.
Year: 2017

The purpose of this paper is to analyze user behavior toward multi screen services by employing neural networks to predict overall customer satisfaction and to prioritize the factors that influence customer intentions.  Multi screen experiences require a new approach incorporating multiple methods. A proposed multi state analytic approach in which the research model is tested using structural equation modeling was utilized. The results were then used as inputs for a neural network model to predict multi screen adoption.  The findings indicate that multi screen quality significantly influences usability, which subsequently affects the adoption of the technology.  The policy and managerial implications of multi screen development are discussed based on the models of acceptance and diffusion.  The emergence of multi screen services as well as the simultaneous and sequential engagement of users with multiple devices throughout the day challenges the ability of marketers to develop effective communication strategies.  This study provides an in depth analysis and heuristic data regarding user drivers, market dynamics, and policy implications in the one source multi use ecosystem.
Expanding Opportunities for High Academic Achievement: An International Baccalaureate Diploma Program in an Urban High Schoo
Year: 2008

Students of color are consistently underrepresented in honors and gifted programs nationwide. Research suggests that even high achieving students share many of the risk factors with their low achieving peers. As a result, their continued academic success is far from assured. In addition, research on academic intervention programs designed to help these students suggests these programs are not widespread or institutionalized in schools in ways that will lead to meaningful gains in closing the achievement gaps at the high end of the academic spectrum. The study presented in this paper employed mixed methods to investigate the relationship between the design of a rigorous college preparatory program, the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program (IB) and the socioeconomic status of the students the program serves. The study found that an open admission International Baccalaureate (IB) program was successfully attracting and retaining African American, Latino, and Native American students from economically disadvantaged backgrounds. Findings are attributed to IB teachers' deeply held belief in the ability of the students to meet the rigor of the program. This IB program also has instituted a number of academic and social support mechanisms to keep students motivated to pursue the challenging curriculum.
The Case for Colonialism
Year: 2017

NOTICEThis Viewpoint essay has been withdrawn at the request of the academic journal editor, and in agreement with the author of the essay. Following a number of complaints, Taylor Francis conducted a thorough investigation into the peer review process on this article. Whilst this clearly demonstrated the essay had undergone double blind peer review, in line with the journal's editorial policy, the journal editor has subsequently received serious and credible threats of personal violence. These threats are linked to the publication of this essay. As the publisher, we must take this seriously. Taylor Francis has a strong and supportive duty of care to all our academic editorial teams, and this is why we are withdrawing this essay.
Guidance of an agricultural robot with variable angle of view camera arrangement in cornfield
Year: 2014

Guidance performances of an agricultural robot were evaluated when the robot traveled along cornrows and performed the row to row turning maneuver in cornfield with variable angle of view (AOV) camera arrangement. The arrangement with one low cost camera has flexible AOV by controlling Servo motors motions as human vision. In this work, a forward far AOV was used to segment clearly and quickly cornrows due to more crop information and strong contrast between cornrows and soil, and a forward near AOV with less crop information was chosen once the number of crops pixels reduced due to the spacing headland. And a lateral near AOV was adopted to guide the robot by acquiring the crop image near the end of cornrows, due to a blind spot area in front of the robot for the near AOV arrangement. Then the headland turning was performed. During headland turning, the robot obtained the cornrows information using a lateral far AOV arrangement. After the headland turning, the robot traveled in the next cornrow with the AOV same to the first far AOV camera arrangement. Guidance information was detected with an image processing algorithm employing mathematically morphological operations, and fuzzy logic control was applied to guide the robot according to guidance information. Tests showed that the robot traveled successfully and performed the headland turning in corn field with three replications. Test data from GPS were processed and showed stable guidance behavior with a maximum guidance error 22.58 mm and good headland turning operation. The low cost variable AOV camera arrangement has a promising field application for autonomous agricultural vehicles.  Machine vision, agricultural robot, row guidance, headland turning.
The level of evidence of medical marijuana use for treating disabilities: a scoping review
Venue: Disability and rehabilitation
Year: 2018

Twenty nine states have bypassed federal regulations by legalizing marijuana (MJ) either medicinally, recreationally or both. The FDA states that there is no empirical evidence that MJ is effective to treat these disorders. With over a billion individuals living with a disability across the globe, it is crucial to fully research the efficaciousness and safety of medical MJ to treat this population. The purpose to present the results of a scoping review of studies focused on the levels of evidence currently available on medical MJ's efficacy in treatment across a large range of disabilities.  Databases were searched for research articles on the current level of evidence to support medical MJ use among people with disabilities.  Forty one peer reviewed articles met the inclusion criteria. Articles focused on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, post traumatic stress disorder, depression, schizophrenia, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis/movement disorders, fibromyalgia, epilepsy, with some that focused on multiple disabilities.  The level of evidence for the use of medical MJ among people with disabilities varies greatly, and has a clear lack of methodologically sound studies. Overall, medical MJ does not improve the level of functioning, but it may improve the overall quality of life for people with disabilities. Implications for Rehabilitation Epilepsy can be a disabling chronic disorder which not only impacts physically but can restricts quality of life. Quality of life is diminished even more with treatment resistant epilepsy. Chronic pain is the leading cause of disability and is the most common cause of long term disability. There is sufficient evidence that medical marijuana is effective in treating epileptic seizures and chronic pain. Medical marijuana may improve the level of functioning and quality of life for individuals with certain disabilities.
Effect of Empagliflozin on Liver Fat in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial (E LIFT Trial)
Venue: Diabetes Care
Year: 2018

Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT 2) inhibitors have been shown to reduce liver fat in rodent models. Data regarding the effect of SGLT 2 inhibitors on human liver fat are scarce. This study examined the effect of empagliflozin (an SGLT 2 inhibitor) on liver fat in patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by using MRI derived proton density fat fraction (MRI PDFF)  Fifty patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD were randomly assigned to either the empagliflozin group (standard treatment for type 2 diabetes plus empagliflozin 10 mg daily) or the control group (standard treatment without empagliflozin) for 20 weeks. Change in liver fat was measured by MRI PDFF. Secondary outcome measures were change in alanine transaminase (ALT) aspartate transaminase (AST) and g glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels.  When included in the standard treatment for type 2 diabetes, empagliflozin was significantly better at reducing liver fat (mean MRI PDFF difference between the empagliflozin and control groups 4.0% P 0.0001) Compared with baseline, significant reduction was found in the end of treatment MRI PDFF for the empagliflozin group (16.2% to 11.3% P 0.0001) and a nonsignificant change was found in the control group (16.4% to 15.5% P 0.057) The two groups showed a significant difference for change in serum ALT level (P 0.005) and nonsignificant differences for AST (P 0.212) and GGT (P 0.057) levels.  When included in the standard treatment for type 2 diabetes, empagliflozin reduces liver fat and improves ALT levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD.
Depression Detection from Bangla Facebook Status using Machine Learning Approach
Venue: International Journal of Computer Applications
Year: 2019

Depression is a mood disorder. This mental illness is a silent killer. It badly affects how human feels, thinks, and acts. Every year, all over the world huge number of people commit suicide due to depression[1] In Asia region, most of the Bengali speaking people use Facebook rather than Twitter for their social communication and share most of their emotions there. That is why Facebook is a potential source for our research. Although detecting depression is a psychological matter, in this paper there was an attempt to predict depression using machine learning. Here, a model is proposed to predict depressed or not depressed using machine learning from Bangla Facebook Status. The work is done with 50 Facebook users' data, among them 17 people had committed suicide. Naive Bayes[2] Multinomial Naive Bayes[3] Logistic Regression[4] Linear SVC[5] and some other classifiers used for this work. The work achieved satisfying accuracy as the first work in Bangla language. General Terms Machine learning, Supervised Learning, Bangla Facebook Status, Depression Detection, Sentiment Analysis.
QUANTITATIVE VARIABILITY IN MUNGBEAN INDUCED BY CHEMICAL MUTAGENS
Year: 2006

The mutagenic effect of ethylmethane sulphonate (EMS) and sodium azide (SA) on three quantitative characters viz. plant height, days to flowering and days to maturity in mungbean {Vigna radiata (L. Wilczek} have been observed. Mean values shifted in negative directions for all the characters whereas genetic parameters differed in different mutagenic treatments. Plant height showed a greater reduction in the population treated with SA in comparison to EMS treatments whereas the mean days to flowering and maturity reduced significantly in EMS treatments than the population treated with SA. Enhancement in range of genetic variability for quantitative characters in M2 and M3 generations of the treated populations is indicative of the wider scope of selection.
A Self Driving Car Architecture in ROS2
Venue: 2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference
Year: 2020

In this paper we report on an architecture for a self driving car that is based on ROS2. Self driving cars have to take decisions based on their sensory input in real time, providing high reliability with a strong demand in functional safety. In principle, self driving cars are robots. However, typical robot software, in general, and the previous version of the Robot Operating System (ROS) in particular, does not always meet these requirements. With the successor ROS2 the situation has changed and it might be considered as a solution for automated and autonomous driving. Existing robotic software based on ROS was not ready for safety critical applications like self driving cars. We propose an architecture for using ROS2 for a self driving car that enables safe and reliable real time behaviour, but keeping the advantages of ROS such as a distributed architecture and standardised message types. First experiments with an automated real passenger car at lower and higher speed levels show that our approach seems feasible for autonomous driving under the necessary real time conditions.