nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Blockchain and Federated Learning for 5G Beyond
Venue: IEEE Network
Year: 2021

In 5G and beyond networks, the increasing inclusion of heterogeneous smart devices and the rising privacy and security concerns, are two crucial challenges in terms of computation complexity and privacy preservation for Artificial Intelligence (AI) based solutions. In this regard, federated learning emerges as a new technique, which enlarges the scale of training data, and protects the privacy of user data. The development of edge computing makes it possible to apply federated learning to beyond 5G. However, the security of local parameters, the learning quality, and the varying computing and communication resources, are crucial issues that remain unexplored in federated learning schemes. In this article, we propose a block chain empowered federated learning framework, and present its potential application scenarios in beyond 5G. We enhance the security and privacy by integrating blockchain into a federated learning scheme for maintaining the trained parameters. In particular, we formulate the resource sharing task as a combinational optimization problem while taking resource consumption and learning quality into account. We design a deep reinforcement learning based algorithm to find an optimal solution to the problem. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme achieves high accuracy and good convergence.
Protein type and caloric density of protein supplements modulate postprandial amino acid profile through changes in gastrointestinal behaviour: A randomized trial.
Venue: Clinical nutrition
Year: 2016

The requirement of leucine and essential amino acids (EAA) to stimulate muscle protein synthesis increases with age. To target muscle anabolism it is suggested that higher postprandial blood levels of leucine and EAA are needed in older people. The aim was to evaluate the impact of oral nutritional supplements with distinct protein source and energy density, resembling mixed meals, on serum amino acid profiles and on gastrointestinal behaviour.  Four iso nitrogenous protein (21 g) supplements were studied containing leucine enriched whey protein with 150/320 kcal (W150/W320) or casein protein with 150/320 kcal (C150/C320) all products contained carbohydrates (10 or 32 g) and fat (3 or 12 g) Postprandial serum AA profiles were evaluated in twelve healthy, older subjects who participated in a randomized, controlled, single blind, cross over study. Gastrointestinal behaviour was studied in vitro by looking at gastric coagulation and cumulative intestinal protein digestion over time.  The peak serum leucine concentration was twofold higher for W150 vs. C150 (521 15 vs. 260 15 mmol/L, p 0.001) higher for W320 vs. C320 (406 15 vs. 228 15 mmol/L, p 0.001) and higher for low caloric vs. high caloric products (p 0.001 for pooled analyses; p 0.001 for interaction protein source*caloric density) Similar effects were observed for the peak concentrations of EAA and total AA (TAA) In vitro gastric coagulation was observed only for the casein protein supplements. Intestinal digestion for 90 min resulted in higher levels of free TAA, EAA, and leucine for W150 vs. C150, for W150 vs. W320, and for C150 vs. C320 (p 0.0125)  A low caloric leucine enriched whey protein nutritional supplement provides a higher rise in serum levels of TAA, EAA and leucine compared to casein protein or high caloric products in healthy, elderly subjects. These differences appear to be mediated in part by the gastrointestinal behaviour of these products.
A "Circuits of Power" based Perspective on Algorithmic Management and Labour in the Gig Economy
Year: 2020

The bulk of contributions on digital business so far provide mainly descriptive analyses when it comes to the study of power related phenomena within the gig economy. We particularly lack systematic, integrative studies which focus on interdependencies of power relations, labour conditions and business model efficiency, based on robust theoretical approaches which capture meso level structures and micro level dynamics of power simultaneously. Our conceptual paper addresses this gap by investigating power relations in platform arrangements, based on the framework of "circuits of power" We use the case of the ridesharing platform Uber, which has caused debates in and beyond academia to illustrate how this framework, combined with concepts from labour process theory, behavioural economics and micro politics, can be applied for a systematic analysis of the diversified portfolio of power related control and influence mechanisms that are embedded in platforms' software infrastructures. Departing from this, we examine how our approach can inform future research focused on assessing specific forms of management, organisation and work in the wider gig economy. Our discussion concentrates on a) the classification and comparison of heterogeneous forms of gig work; b) the assessment of labour related problems; and c) power related organisational dynamics or inertia in such settings. The latter point is related to the central question of why employee voice and resistance are rare in certain gig work arrangements.  Uber, gig work, platform economy, power, circuits of power, algorithmic management, organisational control, labour conditions.  Arbeit ein theoretisches Fundament zu liefern. Der Ausblick zeigt, wie die Befunde Ansatzpunkte liefern, um a) heterogene Formen plattformbasierter Erwerbsarbeit zu vergleichen, b) die Diskussion uber Probleme plattformbasierter Erwerbsarbeit voranzubringen, und c) systematisch vergleichend zu beleuchten, warum ,endogener" Wandel von Machtverhaltnissen durch direkte Interessenartikulation und/oder Widerstand von Plattformarbeitern in spezifischen Plattformarrangements unwahrscheinlich ist.  Macht, Circuits of Power, algorithmisches Management, Kontrolle, Arbeitsbedingungen Bibliographie: Pastuh, Daniel/Geppert, Mike: A "Circuits of Power" based Perspective on Algorithmic Management and Labour in the Gig Economy, Industrielle Beziehungen. Zeitschrift fur Arbeit, Organisation und Management, 2 2020, S. 179 204.
A Novel Sketch Based Three Dimensional Shape Retrieval Method Using Multi View Convolutional Neural Network
Venue: Symmetry
Year: 2019

Retrieving 3D models by adopting hand drawn sketches to be the input has turned out to be a popular study topic. Most current methods are based on manually selected features and the best view produced for 3D model calculations. However, there are many problems with these methods such as distortion. For the purpose of dealing with such issues, this paper proposes a novel feature representation method to select the projection view and adapt the maxout network to the extended Siamese network architecture. In addition, the strategy is able to handle the over fitting issue of convolutional neural networks (CNN) and mitigate the discrepancies between the 3D shape domain and the sketch. A pre trained AlexNet was used to sketch the extract features. For 3D shapes, multiple 2D views were compiled into compact feature vectors using pre trained multi view CNNs. Then the Siamese convolutional neural networks were learnt for transforming the two domains' original characteristics into nonlinear feature space, which mitigated the domain discrepancy and kept the discriminations. Two large data sets were used for experiments, and the experimental results show that the method is superior to the prior art methods in accuracy.
Identification and Characterization of Blood and Neutrophil Associated Microbiomes in Patients with Severe Acute Pancreatitis Using Next Generation Sequencing
Venue: Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.
Year: 2018

Infectious complications are a leading cause of death for patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) Yet, our knowledge about details of the blood microbial landscape in SAP patients remains limited. Recently, some studies have reported that the peripheral circulation harbors a diverse bacterial community in healthy and septic subjects. The objective of this study was to examine the presence of the blood bacterial microbiome in SAP patients and its potential role in the development of infectious complications. Here we conducted a prospective observational study on a cohort of 50 SAP patients and 12 healthy subjects to profile the bacterial composition in the blood. The patients were subgrouped into uninfected (n 17) infected (n 16) and septic (n 17) cases. Applying 16S rDNA based next generation sequencing technique, we investigated blood and neutrophil associated microbiomes in SAP patients, and assessed their connections with immunological alterations. Based on the sequencing data, a diverse bacterial microbiota was found in peripheral blood and neutrophils from the healthy and SAP subjects. As compared to healthy controls, the blood and neutrophil associated microbiomes in the patients were significantly altered, with an expansion in Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes as well as a decrease in Actinobacteria. Variations in the microbiome composition in patients were associated with immunological disorders, including altered lymphocyte subgroups, elevated levels of serum cytokines and altered proteomic profiles of neutrophils. However, no significant compositional difference was observed between the patient subgroups, implying that the microbiota alterations might not be linked to presence/absence of infectious complications in SAP. Together, we present an initial description of the blood and neutrophil associated bacterial profiles in SAP patients, offering novel evidence for the existence of the blood microbiome. Identification of the blood microbiome provides novel insights into characteristics and diagnostics of bacteremia in the patients. Further study is required to assess the possible implications of the blood microbiome in health and diseases.
Lie group variational integrators for rigid body problems using quaternions
Year: 2017

Rigid body dynamics on the rotation group have typically been represented in terms of rotation matrices, unit quaternions, or local coordinates, such as Euler angles. Due to the coordinate singularities associated with local coordinate charts, it is common in engineering applications to adopt the unit quaternion representation, and the numerical simulations typically impose the unit length condition using constraints or by normalization at each step. From the perspective of geometric structure preserving, such approaches are undesirable as they are either computationally less efficient, or interfere with the preservation of other geometric properties of the dynamics. In this paper, we adopt the approach used in constructing Lie group variational integrators for rigid body dynamics on the rotation group to the representation in terms of unit quaternions. In particular, the rigid body dynamics is lifted to unit quaternions, and the Lie group structure of unit quaternions is used to represent tangent vector intrinsically, thereby avoiding the use of a Lagrange multiplier. A Lie group variational integrator in the unit quaternion representation is derived, and numerical results are presented.
Cellulose nanomaterials review: structure, properties and nanocomposites.
Venue: Chemical Society reviews
Year: 2011

This critical review provides a processing structure property perspective on recent advances in cellulose nanoparticles and composites produced from them. It summarizes cellulose nanoparticles in terms of particle morphology, crystal structure, and properties. Also described are the self assembly and rheological properties of cellulose nanoparticle suspensions. The methodology of composite processing and resulting properties are fully covered, with an emphasis on neat and high fraction cellulose composites. Additionally, advances in predictive modeling from molecular dynamic simulations of crystalline cellulose to the continuum modeling of composites made with such particles are reviewed (392 references)
Multicenter clinical assessment of improved wearable multimodal convulsive seizure detectors
Venue: Epilepsia
Year: 2017

New devices are needed for monitoring seizures, especially those associated with sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) They must be unobtrusive and automated, and provide false alarm rates (FARs) bearable in everyday life. This study quantifies the performance of new multimodal wrist worn convulsive seizure detectors.
Literature survey on the relationships between energy variables, environment and economic growth
Year: 2016

This paper provides an extensive survey of the great progress in the literature of energy environment growth nexus for both specific and multi county studies covering the period from 1978 to 2014. The survey focuses on country (ies) coverage, periods, modeling methodologies, and empirical conclusions. Our survey is based on the direction of causality between (i)energy consumption (electricity, nuclear, renewable and non renewable) and economic growth; (ii) between economic growth and environment; and between the three variables at the same time. As a general remark from these studies is that the literature produced paradoxical and not conclusive results which energy consumption can boost economic growth through the productivity enhancement and it can boost also the environmental damages through the enhancement of pollutant emissions. This survey gives researchers a 'snap shot' of the literature on the causality between the four types of energy, environment and economic growth for both individual and collective cases. Understanding the causal links between environment, economic growth and different types of energy consumption provides a basis for discussion in order to design and implementating effective energy and environmental policies.
Calendario de vacunaciones de la Asociacion Espanola de Pediatria: Recomendaciones 2019
Year: 2019

Resumen El Comite Asesor de Vacunas de la Asociacion Espanola de Pediatria publica anualmente el calendario de vacunaciones que estima idoneo para los ninos residentes en Espana, teniendo en cuenta la evidencia disponible. En cuanto a las vacunas financiadas, se recomienda emplear el esquema 2 1 (2, 4 y 11 meses) con vacunas hexavalentes (DTPa VPI Hib HB) y con antineumococica conjugada 13 valente. Se aconseja un refuerzo a los 6 anos, preferentemente con DTPa, junto con una dosis de polio para aquellos que recibieron esquemas 2 1, asi como vacunacion con Tdpa en adolescentes y en cada embarazo, entre la semana 27 y la 32. Se emplearan esquemas de 2 dosis para triple virica (12 meses y 3 4 anos) y varicela (15 meses y 3 4 anos) La segunda dosis se podria aplicar como vacuna tetravirica. Se recomienda vacunacion sistematica universal frente al VPH, tanto a chicas como a chicos, preferentemente a los 12 anos, debiendose realizar un mayor esfuerzo para mejorar las coberturas. La nueva vacuna de 9 genotipos amplia la cobertura para ambos sexos. Se recomienda que la vacuna antimeningococica conjugada tetravalente (MenACWY) se introduzca en el calendario financiado a los 12 meses y a los 12 14 anos, aconsejandose un rescate hasta los 19 anos. Igualmente, se recomienda en los mayores de 6 semanas de edad con factores de riesgo o que viajen a paises de elevada incidencia de estos serogrupos. Respecto a las vacunas no financiadas, se recomienda la antimeningococica B, con esquema 2 1, solicitando su entrada en el calendario. Es recomendable vacunar a todos los lactantes frente al rotavirus.
Ecos de Herodoto en la toma de Mula (Murcia) Contribucion a un estudio critico de la Carta de Poblacion
Year: 2017

The explanation for the origin of the name "Mula" (Spanish mule) from an etiological story about a mule that gave birth, a miracle announcing the conquest of the city by Prince Alfonso in 1244, may actually be considered a distant literary echo of a passage from Herodotus which relates the fall of Babylon into the hands of the Persians, considering that such natural wonders appear frequently in the work of Herodotus and that of other historians from Antiquity The author or authors of the so called Mula Muncipal Charter (a literary forgery dating from the second half of the 16 th century) may well have been familiar with Herodotus' account through Renaissance epitomists like Johannes Textor and Pierus Valerianus and writers as Erasmus. The use of ancient accounts is common in modern Spanish historical and pseudo historical literature, with its abundance of false or, at the very least, dubious documents.
Seeing Color, Seeing Emotion, Seeing Moral Value
Year: 2016

Defenders of moral perception have famously argued that seeing value is relevantly similar to seeing colour. Some critics think, however, that the analogy between colour seeing and value seeing breaks down in several crucial respects. Defenders of moral perception, these critics say, have not succeeded in providing examples of non moral perception that are relevantly analogous to cases of moral perception. Therefore, it can be doubted whether there is such a thing as moral perception at all. I argue that, although the analogy between colour perception and moral perception does indeed break down in several crucial respects, that conclusion does not weaken the case of defenders of moral perception, because better analogies are available. If defenders of moral perception seek to draw support from an analogy, then seeing emotion will protect them better against criticisms than will seeing colour.
Where and When to Look: Deep Siamese Attention Networks for Video Based Person Re Identification
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Year: 2019

Video based person re identification (re id) is a central application in surveillance systems with a significant concern in security. Matching persons across disjoint camera views in their video fragments are inherently challenging due to the large visual variations and uncontrolled frame rates. There are two steps crucial to person re id, namely, discriminative feature learning and metric learning. However, existing approaches consider the two steps independently, and they do not make full use of the temporal and spatial information in the videos. In this paper, we propose a Siamese attention architecture that jointly learns spatiotemporal video representations and their similarity metrics. The network extracts local convolutional features from regions of each frame and enhances their discriminative capability by focusing on distinct regions when measuring the similarity with another pedestrian video. The attention mechanism is embedded into spatial gated recurrent units to selectively propagate relevant features and memorize their spatial dependencies through the network. The model essentially learns which parts (where) from which frames (when) are relevant and distinctive for matching persons and attaches higher importance therein. The proposed Siamese model is end to end trainable to jointly learn comparable hidden representations for paired pedestrian videos and their similarity value. Extensive experiments on three benchmark datasets show the effectiveness of each component of the proposed deep network while outperforming state of the art methods.
Is the clock face an accurate, precise, and reliable measuring tool for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction?
Venue: Arthroscopy the journal of arthroscopic related surgery official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association
Year: 2014

To assess the use and practice of the clock face among surgeons who routinely perform anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions, and (2) to assess the accuracy, precision, and reliability of 3 commonly used clock face schemes in ACL reconstruction.  First, 9 surgeons completed a questionnaire assessing the use and definition of the clock face technique. Next, to assess the accuracy, precision, and reliability of the clock face, each surgeon estimated the "time" of 8 artificial femur models with a black dot located on the posterior aspect of the lateral condylar wall. The estimates were performed using 3 different clock face schemes and were repeated 10 months later. Solutions for each specimen were obtained by use of a computer graphical interface.  More than half of the respondents (55% use the clock face in ACL reconstructions, with the reported mean ideal "time" for a femoral tunnel in a right knee of 10:05 (SD, 31 minutes) When we accounted for the different clock definitions, this ideal position was found along the entire lateral condylar wall. In the assessment of the performance of the clock face, the mean error was 32 to 40 minutes (which translates to 3 to 4 mm) among the 3 clock schemes. The maximum error was 4 hours 0 minutes, and the range of responses was 1 hour 0 minutes to 4 hours 0 minutes depending on the specimen and clock scheme. Regardless of the clock scheme used, the intrarater and inter rater reliabilities were similar measuring, on average, 0.78 and 0.68, respectively.  The clock face continues to be commonly used in ACL reconstruction. Different clock face definitions affect the position for the same "time." When the clock face parameters were strictly defined, there was good reliability with borderline accuracy and poor precision.  Considering the borderline performance of the clock face in accuracy and poor precision, we recommend against using the clock face in ACL reconstruction.
Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of caffeic acid on SK Mel 28 human melanoma cancer cells
Venue: Molecular Biology Reports
Year: 2019

Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is an extremely aggressive cancer presenting low survival and high mortality. The vast majority of patients affected by this disease does not respond or show resistance to the chemotherapeutic drugs, which makes the treatment ineffective. In this sense, the necessity for the development of new agents to assist in CM therapy is extremely important. One of the sources of great interest in this search are compounds of natural origin. Among these compounds, caffeic acid has demonstrated a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities as well as antitumor effects in some types of cancer. Therefore, the objective of this work was to investigate the possible antitumor effect of caffeic acid on the SK Mel 28 cell line, human CM cells. Cells were cultured in flasks with culture medium containing fetal bovine serum, antibiotic, and antifungal, and maintained in ideal conditions. Cells were treated with 25 uM, 50 uM, 100 uM, 150 uM and 200 uM of caffeic acid and dacarbazine at 1 mg/mL. We verified the effect on cell viability and cell death, apoptosis, cell cycle, colony formation and gene expression of caspases. Results showed a decrease in cell viability, cell death induction by apoptosis, inhibition of colony formation, modulation of cell cycle and alterations in gene expression of caspases after caffeic acid treatment. These results suggest an antitumor effect of the compound on SK Mel 28 cells. This study provides original information on mechanisms by which caffeic acid may play a key role in preventing tumor progression in human melanoma cells.
Two Year College Distance Learning Students With Psychological Disorders: Counseling Needs and Responses
Year: 2018

This article briefly reports on the needs of students with diagnosed psychological disorders who are enrolled in 2 year colleges and studying at a distance. A six feature descriptive model was constructed that included three areas of need (Hurdle of Self Disclosure, Hurdle of Personal Connection, Hurdle of Time Management) and three corresponding roles for counselors (Psycho emotional Support, Relationship Support, Learning Support) We discuss the relationship between the descriptive model derived from the current study and the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework, which historically has been applied to work with this population. Implications for the roles of college psychotherapists at 2 year institutions are presented.