nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Mental health, mental illness and psychological help seeking in St. Lucia: An exploration of young adult men's understanding using thematic analysis
Year: 2020

There is a need to understand the psychology of Caribbean people, particularly Afro Caribbean men, in order to recognise and meet their mental health needs, within both a Caribbean and a non majority population context. This research adds to the much needed Caribbean mental health literature pool; using a qualitative methodology to explore how young adult St. Lucian men (age 18 40 years) made sense of the concepts of mental health, mental illness and psychological help seeking. A thematic analysis of the data, found stigma played an important role in participants understanding of mental health and how they relate to people who are deemed as mentally ill. Help seeking was seen as a feminine behaviour which participants interpreted as weak and therefore did not fit with their ideas of being 'a man' Maintaining a favourable image and adhering to masculinity ideals, such as being stoic and strong, was a common thread throughout the participants' narratives; leading to conflict between their desire to get help and the fear of negative evaluation if they actually seek help. Participants accounts reflected a reluctance to describe any of their experiences as mental health related and also desire to dissociate themselves from anything or anyone associated with the word 'mental' due to the influence of stigma. Participants talked about fear of mental health services, with the salient feature of this fear directed towards the perceived mental health treatment of the mentally ill in St. Lucia. This fear was not as a result of the impact of racism or discrimination as have often been found in men from ethnic minority backgrounds in non majority populations. The need for mental health education to reduce the stigma and mental health promotion to increase awareness of the importance of mental well being, was clearly evident in participants' narratives. These findings therefore, have significant implications for policy makers, mental health promoters and practitioners both locally and internationally.
The application of psychological theory to enrich the experience of online learners on a developmental psychology module
Year: 2019

This article outlines the design of a module introducing Developmental Psychology to distance learners undertaking a two year part time BPS accredited MSc Psychology (Conversion) degree. The module was redesigned to accommodate increased student numbers. Online learners differ significantly from those in face to face learning environments, in terms of both student characteristics and patterns of engagement. We applied psychological principles to the delivery of this asynchronous online module. Our aims in this module were (1) to create engaging, informative content, (2) to develop students' critical thinking skills, and (3) to develop their ability to apply developmental psychological theory to the real world. We enacted five key principles in our module design: Naturalistic/warm delivery style; Collaborative teaching; Scaffolding; Reducing cognitive load; and Engaging activities to enhance learning. This article aims to prompt discussion from other practitioners who are involved in remote delivery about their experiences in adapting to a remote learning environment.
Generating Employment in Poor and Fragile States: Evidence from Labor Market and Entrepreneurship Programs
Year: 2015

The world's poor and programs to raise their incomes are increasingly concentrated in fragile states. We review the evidence on what interventions work, and whether stimulating employment promotes social stability. Skills training and microfinance have shown little impact on poverty or stability, especially relative to program cost. In contrast, injections of capital cash, capital goods, or livestock seem to stimulate self employment and raise long term earning potential, often when partnered with low cost complementary interventions. Such capital centric programs, alongside cash for work, may be the most effective tools for putting people to work and boosting incomes in poor and fragile states. We argue that policymakers should shift the balance of programs in this direction. If targeted to the highest risk men, we should expect such programs to reduce crime and other materially motivated violence modestly. Policymakers, however, should not expect dramatic effects of employment on crime and violence, in part because some forms of violence do not respond to incomes or employment. Finally, this review finds that more investigation is needed in several areas. First, are skills training and other interventions cost effective complements to capital injections? Second, what non employment strategies reduce crime and violence among the highest risk men, and are they complementary to employment programs? Third, policymakers can reduce the high failure rate of employment programs by using small scale pilots before launching large programs; investing in labor market panel data; and investing in multi country studies to test and fine tune the most promising interventions.
Multilingual Multimodal Language Processing Using Neural Networks
Venue: NAACL
Year: 2016

We live in an increasingly multilingual multimodal world where it is common to find multiple views of the same entity across modalities and languages. For example, news articles which get published in multiple languages are essentially different views of the same entity. Similarly, video, audio and multilingual subtitles are multiple views of the same movie clip. Given the proliferation of such multilingual multimodal content it is no longer sufficient to process a single modality or language at a time. Specifically, there is an increasing demand for allowing transfer, conversion and access across such multiple views of the data. For example, users want to translate/convert news articles to their native language, automatically caption their travel photos and even ask natural language questions over videos and images. This has led to a lot of excitement around this interdisciplinary research area which requires ideas from Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, Speech and Computer Vision among other fields. In this tutorial we focus on neural network based models for addressing various problems in this space. We will first introduce the participants to some of the basic concepts and building blocks that such approaches rely on. We will then describe some of these approaches in detail. There are two important parts to the tutorial. In the first part, we will talk about approaches which aim to learn a common representation for entities across languages and modalities thereby enabling cross lingual and cross modal access and transfer. In the second part we will talk about multilingual multimodal generation. For example, we will discuss neural network based approaches which aim at (i) generating translations in multiple languages, (ii) generating images given a natural language description and (iii) generating captions in multiple languages.
Spatiotemporal Convolutional Neural Network with Convolutional Block Attention Module for Micro Expression Recognition
Venue: Inf.
Year: 2020

A micro expression is defined as an uncontrollable muscular movement shown on the face of humans when one is trying to conceal or repress his true emotions. Many researchers have applied the deep learning framework to micro expression recognition in recent years. However, few have introduced the human visual attention mechanism to micro expression recognition. In this study, we propose a three dimensional (3D) spatiotemporal convolutional neural network with the convolutional block attention module (CBAM) for micro expression recognition. First image sequences were input to a medium sized convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract visual features. Afterwards, it learned to allocate the feature weights in an adaptive manner with the help of a convolutional block attention module. The method was testified in spontaneous micro expression databases (Chinese Academy of Sciences Micro expression II (CASME II) Spontaneous Micro expression Database (SMIC) The experimental results show that the 3D CNN with convolutional block attention module outperformed other algorithms in micro expression recognition.
Management of gestational gigantomastia with breast reconstruction after mastectomy: case report and literature review
Venue: The Journal of international medical research
Year: 2020

Gestational gigantomastia (GGM) is a rare complication of pregnancy. The etiology of GGM is yet to be fully established. Treatment methods for GGM include medical therapy and surgery. If medical treatment is unsuccessful, surgery may be required. Currently available surgical interventions are either breast reduction or mastectomy with delayed reconstruction. We report a case of a 25 year old woman (G1P1) who presented with massive enlargement of both breasts during puerperium. Because of the limited effect of medical therapy, surgical intervention was considered to be the first choice. Bilateral mastectomies with grafting of the nipple areola complex and immediate bilateral tissue expander implantation were performed. Reconstruction was fully completed 8 months after the initial procedure by replacing tissue expanders with definitive implants. Despite being a benign condition, GGM can turn into a serious problem. GGM can be successfully reconstructed by mastectomy with delayed reconstruction and grafting of the nipple areola complex.
A clinical, radiographic, and histologic review of 73 cases of ameloblastoma in an Indian population.
Venue: Quintessence international
Year: 2010

Ameloblastomas in Indians have rarely been studied. The present study was undertaken to retrospectively compare the clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic features of 73 cases of ameloblastoma in Indians.  Biopsy records of 73 histologically diagnosed cases of ameloblastoma over an 18 year period were retrieved and analyzed for age, sex, site distribution, clinical presentation, radiologic features, and histopathology. These cases were also evaluated for recurrence.  Ameloblastoma accounted for 60.3% of all odontogenic tumors in this study, with a mean age of presentation of 30.2 years. A slight male predilection and predominant occurrence in the mandibular molar ramus area were noted. Radiologically, ameloblastoma presented as either unilocular or multilocular radiolucency, with a significant age difference noted between unilocular and multilocular lesions. Interestingly, findings such as cortical plate expansion, perforation, and involvement of the temporomandibular joint were more frequent in females. The most common histologic type in contrast to other studies was unicystic ameloblastoma followed by follicular and acanthomatous ameloblastoma. Specific correlations between histologic type and age, sex, site, and radiologic features were also observed. Recurrence was seen in 13.3% of patients, predominantly in males, in the molar ramus area, and the common histologic type was follicular ameloblastoma followed by unicystic ameloblastoma.  The finding of unicystic ameloblastoma being the second most common recurrent variant of ameloblastoma, especially when associated with cyst wall invasion or intramural proliferation, may warrant a more aggressive treatment than traditional enucleation/curettage for this entity to prevent recurrence.
TRAPDROID: Bare Metal Android Malware Behavior Analysis Framework
Venue: 2019 21st International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT)
Year: 2019

In the realm of mobile devices, malicious applications pose considerable threats to individuals, companies and governments. Cyber security researchers are in a constant race against malware developers and analyze their new methods to exploit them for better detection. In this paper, we present TRAPDROID, a dynamic malware analysis framework mostly focused on capturing unified behavior profiles of applications by analyzing them on physical devices in real time. Our framework processes events, which are collected from system calls, binder communications, process stats, and hardware performance counters and combines them into a simple, yet meaningful behavior format. We evaluated our framework's detection rate and performance by analyzing an up to date malware dataset, which also contains specially crafted applications with malicious intent. The framework is easy to use, fast and providing high accuracy in malware detection with relatively low overhead.
Misallocation and Manufacturing TFP in China and India
Year: 2007

Resource misallocation can lower aggregate total factor productivity (TFP) We use micro data on manufacturing establishments to quantify the potential extent of misallocation in China and India compared to the U.S. Compared to the U.S. we measure sizable gaps in marginal products of labor and capital across plants within narrowly defined industries in China and India. When capital and labor are hypothetically reallocated to equalize marginal products to the extent observed in the U.S. we calculate manufacturing TFP gains of 30 50% in China and 40 60% in India.
Deformation Detection Model of High Rise Building Foundation Pit Support Structure Based on Neural Network and Wireless Communication
Venue: Secur. Commun. Networks
Year: 2021

)e reasonable selection and optimized design of the deep foundation pit support scheme is directly related to the safety, construction period, and cost of the entire project. Here, based on a large number of theoretical results in many related fields, relevant influencing factors are systematically analyzed, and advanced mathematical algorithms such as neural networks are introduced according to the relevant characteristics of building deep foundation pit support construction. First of all, this paper designs and implements deep foundation pit construction safety risk technology based on wireless communication and BIM technology and analyzes and describes the framework and function of the foundation pit construction safety risk identification system. Secondly, we use neural network algorithms to study the deformation prediction of the foundation pit supporting structure, which can describe the expression method of the above safety knowledge. Finally, the differences and benefits of this method and traditional methods are compared through experiments, which show that this technology can pave the way for the construction of deep foundation pit construction safety risk knowledge.
The Impact of Communication and Group Dynamics on Teamwork Effectiveness: The Case of Service Sector Organisations
Year: 2018

The present study makes an attempt to study the dynamics of teamwork effectiveness, communication and group dynamics across private banks, hotels and retail sector and to ascertain the relative importance of communication and group dynamics in determining teamwork effectiveness in banks, hotels and retail sector. Three standardized questionnaires namely Communication Satisfaction Questionnaire, Group Functioning Questionnaire and Team Effectiveness Assessment Measure Questionnaire have been used to collect the data. The sample size is two hundred and ninety seven from private banks, hotels and retail chains in Bhubaneswar city, Odisha. The statistical tools used are descriptive analysis, Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) and Multiple Regression Analysis to analyse the data and interpret the results. Based on the findings, organisational development and intervention strategies are suggested to enhance teamwork effectiveness in the service sector.
Satellite Based Energy Balance for Mapping Evapotranspiration with Internalized Calibration (METRIC) Model
Year: 2007

Mapping evapotranspiration at high resolution with internalized calibration (METRIC) is a satellite based image processing model for calculating evapotranspiration (ET) as a residual of the surface energy balance. METRIC uses as its foundation the pioneering SEBAL energy balance process developed in The Netherlands by Bastiaanssen, where the near surface temperature gradients are an indexed function of radiometric surface temperature, thereby eliminating the need for absolutely accurate surface temperature and the need for air temperature measurements. The surface energy balance is internally calibrated using ground based reference ET to reduce computational biases inherent to remote sensing based energy balance and to provide congruency with traditional methods for ET. Slope and aspect functions and temperature lapsing are used in applications in mountainous terrain. METRIC algorithms are designed for relatively routine application by trained engineers and other technical professionals who possess a fami.
Clinically relevant postzygotic mosaicism in parents and children with developmental disorders in trio exome sequencing data
Venue: Nature Communications
Year: 2019

Mosaic genetic variants can have major clinical impact. We systematically analyse trio exome sequence data from 4,293 probands from the DDD Study with severe developmental disorders for pathogenic postzygotic mosaicism (PZM) in the child or a clinically unaffected parent, and use ultrahigh depth sequencing to validate candidate mosaic variants. We observe that levels of mosaicism for small genetic variants are usually equivalent in both saliva and blood and ~3% of causative de novo mutations exhibit PZM; this is an important observation, as the sibling recurrence risk is extremely low. We identify parental PZM in 21 trios (0.5% of trios) resulting in a substantially increased sibling recurrence risk in future pregnancies. Together, these forms of mosaicism account for 40 (1% diagnoses in our cohort. Likely child PZM mutations occur equally on both parental haplotypes, and the penetrance of detectable mosaic pathogenic variants overall is likely to be less than half that of constitutive variants.Systematic analysis of postzygotic mosaicism (PZM) is difficult due to challenges in detecting such events. Here, Wright et al. analyse trio exome sequencing data from blood and saliva of 4,293 probands with developmental disorders from the DDD Study and estimate that >3% of causative de novo mutations result from PZM.
2 Oxo 3,4 dihydropyrimido[4,5 d] pyrimidines as new reversible inhibitors of EGFR C797S (Cys797 to Ser797) mutant
Year: 2020

Extensive structure activity relationships (SARs) study of JND3229 was conducted to yield a series of new reversible 2 oxo 3,4 dihydropyrimido[4,5 d]pyrimidine privileged scaffold as EGFRC797S inhibitors. One of the most potent compound 6i potently suppressed EGFRL858R/T790M/C797S kinase with an IC50 value of 3.1 nmol/L, and inhibited the proliferation of BaF3 cells harboring EGFRL858R/T790M/C797S and EGFR19D/T790M/C797S mutants with IC50 values of 290 nmol/L and 316 nmol/L, respectively. Further, 6i dose dependently induced suppression of the phosphorylation of EGFRL858R/T790M/C797S and EGFR19D/T790M/C797S in BaF3 cells. Compound 6i may serve as a promising lead compound for further drug discovery overcoming the acquired resistance of non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.
Boundary violations and adolescent drinking: Observational evidence that symbolic boundaries moderate social influence
Venue: PloS one
Year: 2019

Scholars of social influence can benefit from attending to symbolic boundaries. A common and influential way to understand symbolic boundaries is as widely shared understandings of what types of behaviors, tastes, and opinions are appropriate for different kinds of people. Scholars following this understanding have mostly focused on how people judge others and how symbolic boundaries align with and thus reproduce social differences. Although this work has been impressive, I argue that it might miss important ways in which symbolic boundaries become effective in everyday social life. I therefore develop an understanding of how symbolic boundaries affect people's ideas and decisions about themselves and their own behavior. Based on this, I argue that focusing on boundary violations that is, what happens if people express opinions or enact behavior that contravenes what is considered (in)appropriate for people like them might offer an important way to understand how symbolic boundaries initiate and shape cultural and social change. Using data from Add Health, I demonstrate the utility of this line of argument and show that boundary violations play an important role in channeling social influence. Conservative/Evangelical Protestants and to a lesser degree Catholics, but not Mainline Protestants are highly influenced by the drinking of co religionists. I consider the implications for cultural sociology.
US Adults' Perceptions About the Harms of Nicotine in Electronic Vapor Products on the Adolescent Brain, United States, 2016 2017
Venue: Preventing chronic disease
Year: 2020

We used data from the 2016 and 2017 SummerStyles survey (N 4,186 and 4,066, respectively) to assess US adults' perceptions about the harms of nicotine in electronic vapor products (EVP) to the developing adolescent brain. Of respondents in 2016, 68.5% agreed exposure to nicotine in EVP was harmful, and of respondents in 2017, 62.6% agreed (P .001) This agreement varied by several covariates. Continued efforts are warranted to educate the public about the risks of EVP use among youth, including the harmful effects of nicotine exposure on the developing adolescent brain.
Software Metric Framework for Multilingual Information Retrieval (MLIR) System Performance Assessment
Year: 2013

Multilingual Information Retrieval (MLIR) System deals with the use of queries in one language and retrieves the documents in various languages. Here the Query translation plays a central role in MLIR research. In this paper English as the source language and Hindi, French and German as the target languages. We have used multilingual dictionary based word by word query translation. The experimental results are evaluated to analyse and compare the performance of proposed MLIR system metrics, Average Precision (APIR) Mean Average Precision (MAPIR) Average Mean Reciprocal Rank (AMRR) and Average Discounted Cumulative Gain (ADCG) metrics of IR system with esteem to the Average Precision (APMLIR) Mean Average Precision (MAPMLIR),Average Mean Reciprocal Rank (AMRR) and Average Discounted Cumulative Gain (ADCG) metrics in MLIR system. Experimental result shows that the effective retrieval and performance ofMAP has improved by 31.4% and and the performance of AMRR, ADCG in MLIR system has been improved 81.67% 43.93% over IR system respectively.