nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
BERT JAM: Boosting BERT Enhanced Neural Machine Translation with Joint Attention
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

BERT enhanced neural machine translation (NMT) aims at leveraging BERT encoded representations for translation tasks. A recently proposed approach uses attention mechanisms to fuse Transformer's encoder and decoder layers with BERT's last layer representation and shows enhanced performance. However, their method doesn't allow for the flexible distribution of attention between the BERT representation and the encoder/decoder representation. In this work, we propose a novel BERT enhanced NMT model called BERT JAM which improves upon existing models from two aspects: 1) BERT JAM uses joint attention modules to allow the encoder/decoder layers to dynamically allocate attention between different representations, and 2) BERT JAM allows the encoder/decoder layers to make use of BERT's intermediate representations by composing them using a gated linear unit (GLU) We train BERT JAM with a novel three phase optimization strategy that progressively unfreezes different components of BERT JAM. Our experiments show that BERT JAM achieves SOTA BLEU scores on multiple translation tasks.
Synthesis, crystal structure and antimicrobial potential of some fluorinated chalcone 1,2,3 triazole conjugates.
Venue: European journal of medicinal chemistry
Year: 2018

A simple and green synthesis of some fluorinated chalcone triazole hybrids from propargylated chalcones and organic azides catalyzed by cellulose supported copper nanoparticles click reaction is reported. All the synthesized compounds were well characterized by various analytical and spectroscopic methods. The X rays crystallographic study of compounds 6k revealed the self assembling properties. The antimicrobial screening results of all the synthesized compounds revealed that most of the triazole hybrids exhibited significant efficacy against tested bacterial and fungal strains. The activity results showed the synergistic effect of biological activity when two pharmacophoric units, i.e. chalcone and 1,2,3 triazole are conjugated. Further, docking simulation of the most active compounds 6p into Escherichia coli topoisomerase II DNA Gyrase B was also carried out.
Cognitive, not physical, engagement in video gaming influences executive functioning
Year: 2018

Physically active video games (i.e. exergames) which are a prevalent and popular childhood activity, may have benefits to executive functioning (EF) skills, as they incorporate both cognitive engagement and physical activity. Acute EF change in 147 7 to 12 year olds was assessed after participation in a 20 min activity. The between subjects design had 4 conditions: exergame, sedentary video game, exercise, and nonplaying control. The varied level of physical and cognitive engagement examined whether the nature of the activity, such as physical movement or cognitive engagement in an enjoyable activity, differentially related to changes in different aspects of EF. Participants in the cognitively engaging conditions (i.e. the 2 video game conditions) improved their accuracy on the most complex EF test and their reaction time on the standard EF test more than participants in the other conditions. These findings suggest that the kind of cognitive engagement involved in video game play is the mechanism of acute effects on EF.
Assessment and Calibration of a RGB D Camera (Kinect v2 Sensor) Towards a Potential Use for Close Range 3D Modeling
Venue: Remote. Sens.
Year: 2015

In the last decade, RGB D cameras also called range imaging cameras have known a permanent evolution. Because of their limited cost and their ability to measure distances at a high frame rate, such sensors are especially appreciated for applications in robotics or computer vision. The Kinect v1 (Microsoft) release in November 2010 promoted the use of RGB D cameras, so that a second version of the sensor arrived on the market in July 2014. Since it is possible to obtain point clouds of an observed scene with a high frequency, one could imagine applying this type of sensors to answer to the need for 3D acquisition. However, due to the technology involved, some questions have to be considered such as, for example, the suitability and accuracy of RGB D cameras for close range 3D modeling. In that way, the quality of the acquired data represents a major axis. In this paper, the use of a recent Kinect v2 sensor to reconstruct small objects in three dimensions has been investigated. To achieve this goal, a survey of the sensor characteristics as well as a calibration approach are relevant. After an accuracy assessment of the produced models, the benefits and drawbacks of Kinect v2 compared to the first version of the sensor and then to photogrammetry are discussed.
Anti oxidative Amino Acid L ergothioneine Modulates the Tumor Microenvironment to Facilitate Adjuvant Vaccine Immunotherapy
Venue: Front. Immunol.
Year: 2019

Cancer vaccines consist of a tumor associated antigen (TAA) and adjuvant. These vaccines induce and activate proliferation of TAA specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) suppressing tumor growth. The therapeutic efficacy of TAA specific CTLs depends on the properties of tumor microenvironment. The environments make immunosuppressive by function of regulatory T cells and tumor associated myeloid cells; thus, regulation of these cells is important for successful cancer immunotherapy. We report here that L ergothioneine (EGT) with the adjuvant Toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) ligand modulated suppressive microenvironments to be immune enhancing. EGT did not augment DC mediated CTL priming or affect CTL activation in draining lymph node and spleen. However, EGT decreased the immuno suppressive function of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) TLR2 stimulation accompanied with EGT administration downregulated expression of PD L1, CSF 1R, arginase 1, FAS ligand, and TRAIL in TAMs, reflecting reduction of CTL suppression. An anti oxidative thiol thione residue of EGT was essential to dampening CTL suppression. The effect was specific to the thiol thione residue of EGT because no effect was observed with another anti oxidant N acetyl L cysteine (NAC) A CTL suppressive environment made by TLR2 is relieved to be improved by the addition of EGT, which may ameliorate the efficacy of vaccine immunotherapy.
Analysis Method of Compressor Stability Based on Eigenvalue Theory
Year: 2020

In order to analyze the flow stability of compressors rapidly in the design stage, a fast analysis method is developed in this paper. This method takes the base flow on each streamline at different spanwise locations as the research object and characterizes the effect of blade rows on the internal flow by establishing a body force model. Therefore, it is capable of taking the complex three dimensional blade geometry and the abundant flow details into account, and what's more, it has a significantly high computational efficiency, which makes it available to engineering practice. Based on the eigenvalue theory, the flow stability problem is transformed into the eigenvalue problem, and the system stability is determined by the eigenvalue obtained by utilizing the singular value decomposition method. The flow stability of NASA Rotor 37 is analyzed to validate the reliability of the developed approach, and the results show that this analysis method is able to capture the process of stability deterioration with throttling and identify the blade tip region as the most unstable area. In order to further study the influence of blade geometry on compressor stability, a number of swept rotors are designed by modifying the stacking line of NASA Rotor 37. The assessment results via the developed method indicate that the forward sweep defined in this work can significantly improve the stability of the flow field in the tip region, while the backward sweep has the opposite effect.
No Place of Refuge: Mexicans, Anglos, and Violence in the Texas Borderland, 1900 1920
Year: 2013

This dissertation examines Mexican and Anglo race relations in the Texas borderland during the decade of the Mexican Revolution, 1910 1920. The outbreak of the Mexican Revolution in 1910 led to hostilities between Anglos and Mexicans in the borderland. Working class Mexican men became targets of racial violence, and, when suspected of criminal activity, were sought out by Anglo posses. This dissertation analyzes the lynching of ethnic Mexicans in Texas, and the injustices within the legal system that targeted ethnic Mexicans in Texas. I argue that a culture of hatred developed between Mexicans and Anglos during the 1910s that was a result of tension brought on by international event in Mexicoathe Mexican Revolutionaand was intensified by feelings of nativism, nationalism, and sovereignty. I credit the actions of Mexican American activists and World War I for the decrease in anti Mexican violence: the former argued that citizenship guaranteed them equal protection under the law, and the latter led Anglos to target suspected un American activity by Germans in the borderland as a new threat. I contribute to the historiography of violence in the borderland by introducing how the lynching of ethnic Mexicans became a common practice during the decade, and I illustrates a grass roots movement of ethnic Mexicans in Texas that fought for their rights as American citizens.
The Development of Learning Media for the Kinetic Theory of Gases Using the ADDIE Model with Augmented Reality
Year: 2017

For senior high school students, learning concepts in physics is increasingly more difficult when the topic is abstract and cannot be seen with the unaided eye. The research here utilized augmented reality technology and instructional design following the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation) to develop learning media for physics, specifically the kinetic theory of gases. Preliminary analysis was conducted in a senior high school to evaluate the challenges students face when learning physics. The design of the media was based on addressing problems that the students were having. Augmented reality technology was then utilized and the implementation aimed to incorporate the physics concepts into the product. The media was evaluated by six experts. Finally, the learning media presented real time 3D animation of gas kinetic theory with three basic competencies relevant to the topic. In the final validation, the results indicated that the developed learning media had a validity value of 3.55 out of four point scale and good quality outcomes. As such, the developed media regarding the kinetic theory of gases is valid and effective for the process of learning and teaching. It is ready to be tested and used in actual learning environments.
La obesidad infantil y su asociacion con el sentimiento de infelicidad y bajos niveles de autoestima en ninos de centros educativos publicos
Year: 2018

los ninos con exceso de peso corren mayor riesgo de sufrir alteraciones psicosociales.  el proposito de esta investigacion fue relacionar la condicion de sobrepeso y obesidad con los niveles de autoestima y felicidad en escolares de centros educativos publicos. Metodos: participaron 364 escolares (180 ninos y 184 ninas) de entre once y 13 anos de edad (12,44 1,14 anos de edad) Se realizaron mediciones antropometricas y se evaluaron los niveles de autoestima y felicidad a traves del Test de Autoestima Escolar (TAE) Resultados: la autoestima escolar fue significativamente mayor en los ninos (p 0,001) El 55,49% (n 204) de los escolares evaluados presento exceso de peso. Los sujetos con sobrepeso y obesidad presentaron menores niveles de autoestima en comparacion con los normopeso (p 0,032) ademas, 43 escolares presentaron muy baja autoestima, existiendo relacion entre los niveles de muy baja y baja autoestima (n 119) y la condicion de sobrepeso y obesidad (p 0,033) En relacion a la pregunta "?soy una persona feliz?" una mayor proporcion de escolares respondio positivamente (n 296) La respuesta negativa a la pregunta se asocio con la presencia de exceso de peso (p 0,042)  la condicion de sobrepeso y obesidad se relaciono con bajos niveles de autoestima y de felicidad en escolares. Estos resultados son alarmantes, ya que la autoestima es el aprecio que uno tiene de si mismo y la felicidad es un indice del bienestar personal subjetivo, y es un tema que concierne a las familias y a todo el sistema educativo.
The effects of leader support for teacher psychological needs on teacher burnout, commitment, and intent to leave
Venue: Journal of Educational Administration
Year: 2019

The actions of school leaders engender working conditions that can play a role in positively (or negatively) affecting teachers' motivation, well being or professional practice. The purpose of this paper is to explore how leader actions might bring about positive teacher outcomes through meeting teachers' psychological needs at three distinct levels: the intrapersonal, interpersonal and organizational.  Using a sample of over 1,500 teachers from 73 schools in a large, high poverty, urban Midwestern school district, the authors applied a multilevel path analysis to the study of the relationships between the intrapersonal, interpersonal and organizational dimensions of teacher psychological needs and the teacher affective states of burnout, organizational commitment and intent to leave the school and/or profession.  Whereas the intrapersonal dimension works primarily through burnout, the findings suggest that the interpersonal dimension (teacher principal interactions) primarily functions to cultivate organizational commitment among teachers. At the organizational level, cultivating a trusting, enabling work environment where teachers can build on existing knowledge and skills had a demonstrated relationship to collective teacher burnout and organizational commitment, but only to the degree that these actions serve to build collective teacher efficacy.  In addressing existing deficits in support for teachers' psychological needs within a school, school leaders have a significant mechanism through which to affect the attitudes and emotions of teachers which precede turnover behavior. However, addressing teacher psychological needs should be thought of as multidimensional no single dimension (either the intrapersonal, interpersonal or organizational) alone will be sufficient. Principals should expect to work both one on one as well as collectively with teachers to address school working conditions which support their psychological needs as learners.  Prior studies examining the various working conditions of schools have included many common constructs, but the authors demonstrate how self determination theory could be used to unify these seemingly unique characteristics of school working conditions with respect to how they support (or thwart) the psychological needs of teachers. The authors also empirically test the relationship of these dimensions to a wide range of commonly used teacher affective outcomes.
New Link Arrangements for Dragonfly Networks
Venue: 2017 IEEE 3rd International Workshop on High Performance Interconnection Networks in the Exascale and Big Data Era (HiPINEB)
Year: 2017

Dragonfly networks have been proposed to exploit high radix routers and optical links for high performance computing (HPC) systems. Such networks divide the switches into groups, with a local link between each pair of switches in a group and a global link between each group. Which specific switch serves as the endpoint of each global link is determined by the network's global link arrangement. We propose two new global link arrangements, each designed using intuition of how to optimize bisection bandwidth when global links have high bandwidth relative to local links. Despite this, the new arrangements generally outperform previously known arrangements for all bandwidth relationships.
A Person in Context Approach to Student Engagement in Science: Examining Learning Activities and Choice.
Year: 2018

Science education reform efforts in the Unites States call for a dramatic shift in the way students are expected to engage with scientific concepts, core ideas, and practices in the classroom. This new vision of science learning demands a more complex conceptual understanding of student engagement and research models that capture both the multidimensionality and contextual specificity of student engagement in science. In a unique application of person oriented analysis of experience sampling data, we employ cluster analysis to identify six distinct momentary engagement profiles representing different combinations of the behavioral, cognitive, and affective dimensions of student engagement in high school science classrooms. Students spend a majority of their classroom time in one of several engagement profiles characterized by high engagement on one dimension, but low levels on the others. Students exhibited low engagement across all three dimensions of engagement in about 22% of our observations. Full engagement, or high levels across all three dimensions, is the least frequent profile, occurring in only 11% of the observations. Students' momentary engagement profiles are related in meaningful ways to both the learning activity in which students are engaged and the types of choices they are afforded. Laboratory activities provided especially polarized engagement experiences, producing full engagement, universally low engagement, and pleasurable engagement in which students are affectively engaged but are not engaged cognitively or behaviorally. Student choice is generally associated with more optimal engagement profiles and the specific type of choice matters in important ways. Choices about how to frame the learning activity have the most positive effects relative to other types of choices, such as choosing whom to work with or how much time to take. Results are discussed in terms of implications for practice and the utility of the methodological approach for evaluating the complexities of student engagement in science classrooms.
Youth, Political Socialisation and Political Generations
Year: 2018

This chapter explains how childhood foundations are typically laid for longer term 'careers' as politically engaged and active citizens, or as disengaged adults. Youth is then the life stage during which individuals are first able to become aware of what different political parties stand for, and the issues that matter most to them. Some then begin to build active careers in politics. Others become reliable supporters in elections of their preferred political parties. Others exit childhood unconcerned and remain politically apathetic as they move into adulthood. Some are politically aware and concerned, but decide that none of the existing parties represent their own views. If there are sufficient numbers (who may be only a few as a percentage of their cohorts) they may become the vanguard of a new political generation. The chapter explains how the youth of the 1920s and 1930s supplied the vanguard who reconstituted post 1945 European politics. Cohorts born between 1945 and 1955, the baby boomers, became another vanguard group. The surprising feature of political history in Western Europe since then is that there has been no subsequent vanguard and no new political generation. Rather, successive cohorts have each been less engaged politically than their predecessors. The chapter concludes by considering the likelihood of the periodic outbursts of protest in Europe's new (post 1989) democracies and in the older democracies signifying the formation of another new political generation which might mobilise in different ways than all its predecessors.
K Nearest Neighbor Classification Approach for Face and Fingerprint at Feature Level Fusion
Year: 2012

system that based on single biometric called uni modal biometrics usually suffers from problems like imposter's attack or hacking, unacceptable error rate and low performance. So the need of using multimodal biometric system arises in such cases. The aim of this paper is to study the fusion at feature extraction level for face and fingerprint. The proposed system fuses the two traits at feature extraction level by first making the feature sets compatible for concatenation and then reducing the feature sets to handle the "problem of curse of dimensionality" After concatenation these features are classified. Features of both modalities are extracted using Gabor filter and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) K Nearest Neighbour classifier is used to classify the different people in the database. The experimental results reveal that the fusion of more than one biometric trait at feature level fusion with the K Nearest Neighbor technique exhibits robust performance and increases its performance with utmost level of accuracy.
Designs, formats and applications of lateral flow assay: A literature review
Year: 2015

This manuscript provides a brief overview of latest research involving the use of lateral flow assay for qualitative and quantitative analysis in different areas. The excellent features and versatility of detection formats make these strips an ideal choice for point of care applications. We outline and critically discuss detection formats, molecular recognition probes, labels, and detection systems used in lateral flow assay. Applications in different fields along with selected examples from the literature have been included to show analytical performance of these devices. At the end, we summarize accomplishments, weaknesses and future challenges in the area of lateral flow strips.
Enhanced Belief Propagation Decoder for 5G Polar Codes With Bit Flipping
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs
Year: 2020

Due to its parallel propagation property, the belief propagation (BP) polar decoding can achieve high throughput and has drawn increasing attention. However, the BP decoding is not comparable with the successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding in terms of the error correction performance. In this brief, two BP flip (BPF) decoding algorithms are proposed. Compared with the existing BPF decoding, the generalized BPF (GBPF) decoding identifies error prone bits more efficiently with a redefinition of bit flipping. Furthermore, the GBPF decoding is optimized by decreasing the searching range by half, leading to the enhanced BP flip (EBPF) decoding with reduced complexity and improved performance for 5G polar codes. The hardware architecture is provided and implemented using SMIC 65nm CMOS technology. The results show that, compared with the state of the art SC flip decoders, the proposed EBPF decoder exhibits 30% throughput improvement under comparable error correction performance.