nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemogenetic activation of the mPFC alleviates impaired fear memory extinction in an animal model of PTSD
Venue: Progress in Neuro Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
Year: 2021

Although impaired extinction of fear memory (EFM) is a hallmark symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) the mechanisms underlying the impairment are unknown. Activation of the infralimbic cortex (IL) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been reported to predict successful fear extinction, whereas functionally disrupting this region impairs extinction. We examined whether chemogenetic activation of the IL could alleviate impaired EFM in a single prolonged stress (SPS) rat model of PTSD.  Chemogenetic activation of IL and prelimbic (PL) excitatory neurons was undertaken to evaluate EFM using a contextual fear conditioning paradigm. Neuronal activity in the IL was recorded using a 32 multichannel silicon electrode. To examine histological changes in the mPFC, apoptosis was measured by TUNEL staining.  Chemogenetic activation of excitatory neurons in the IL, but not the PL, enhanced EFM in sham rats and resulted in alleviation of EFM impairment in SPS rats. The alleviation of impaired EFM in SPS rats was observed during the extinction test session. Neuronal activity in the IL of SPS rats was lower than that of sham rats after clozapine n oxide administration. Increased apoptosis was found in the IL of SPS rats.  These findings suggest that a decreased excitatory response in the IL due, at least in part, to an increase in apoptosis in SPS rats leads to impaired EFM, and that neuronal activation during extinction training could be useful for the treatment of impaired EFM in PTSD patients.
Metabolic network analysis reveals microbial community interactions in anammox granules
Venue: Nature communications
Year: 2017

Microbial communities mediating anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) represent one of the most energy efficient environmental biotechnologies for nitrogen removal from wastewater. However, little is known about the functional role heterotrophic bacteria play in anammox granules. Here, we use genome centric metagenomics to recover 17 draft genomes of anammox and heterotrophic bacteria from a laboratory scale anammox bioreactor. We combine metabolic network reconstruction with metatranscriptomics to examine the gene expression of anammox and heterotrophic bacteria and to identify their potential interactions. We find that Chlorobi affiliated bacteria may be highly active protein degraders, catabolizing extracellular peptides while recycling nitrate to nitrite. Other heterotrophs may also contribute to scavenging of detritus and peptides produced by anammox bacteria, and potentially use alternative electron donors, such as H2, acetate and formate. Our findings improve the understanding of metabolic activities and interactions between anammox and heterotrophic bacteria and offer the first transcriptional insights on ecosystem function in anammox granules.
Two phase liquid immersion data center cooling system: Experimental performance and thermoeconomic analysis
Year: 2020

The liquid cooling data center (DC) systems have been becoming important for the rapidly developing high performance processors since the traditional air cooled DC systems cannot efficiently manage them due to high heat dissipation rates. Two phase liquid immersion cooling is one of the promising direct liquid cooled DC systems, but its system scale thermal management performance has not been investigated in detail yet. This study performs the system scale thermal management of a two phase liquid immersion cooling DC system under six different real time and dynamic operation loads in the range of 3.43 9.17 kW to see the thermodynamic and thermoeconomic performances. The system includes the DC server tank, circulation pump, and dry tower. Results show that the best coefficient of performance (COP) and power usage effectiveness (PUE) values are seen at the highest operation load with 6.67 and 1.15 while the minimum COP and the highest PUE are seen at the lowest operation load with 2.5 and 1.4, respectively. In the component based assessments, the dry tower is found as the most dominant component according to the exergy destruction ratio analysis, energy costing, and carbon related costs. The exergy efficiency varies between 8.0% and 18.9% for different operation loads, and the operating temperatures have a crucial impact on the exergetic performances. The thermoeconomic analysis deduces that the levelized product cost is roundly 1.14 S$ h 1 which means the exergy related terms (e.g. destruction and loss) increase the costing trends 3.25 times as high compared to the traditional energy based economic calculations.
Economic globalization, entrepreneurship, and development
Year: 2018

If economic integration and mutual reliance between local or global entities result from a borderless and relatively free flow of production factors as well as goods and services, small business practice, innovation and risk ventures will objectively yield profits. In the context of BRICS11BRICS is an acronym for the world's major emerging economies Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. It was originally BRIC as coined by Goldman Sachs's Jim O'Neill excluding South Africa. These nations are projected, by 2050 to be wealthier than the current major economic powers. (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) nations, have both phenomena enhanced rapid economic development? Using an unbalanced panel dataset for BRICS member states, we investigate these propositions by estimating the effects of: a comprehensive globalization index variable (KOF) as in Dreher (2006) and Samimi et al. (2014) and an opportunity total entrepreneurship activity (OTEA) variable a la Urbano and Aparicio (2016) through an Arellano Bond model estimator first, then a dynamic estimation model next. Results show, after utilizing both estimation techniques, the variables were all positive and statistically significant, hence confirming the hypothesis. We posit the implementation of innovation driven policies that will promote the movement of production factors, enhance South South financial and regional trade agreements and sustain economic development in developing nations in general and BRICS economies in particular.
Video steganography: a comprehensive review
Venue: Multimedia Tools and Applications
Year: 2014

Steganography is the art and science of secret communication, concealing the very existence of a communication. Modern cover types can take many forms such as text documents, audio tracks, digital images, and video streams. Extensive research has been done on image steganography in the previous decade due to their popularity on the internet. Nowadays, video files are drawing much more attention. They are transmitted more and more frequent on internet websites such as Facebook and YouTube imposing a larger practical significance on video steganography. Information hiding in video has a variety of techniques, each of which has its strengths and weaknesses. This paper intends to provide an up to date comprehensive review on the various video steganographic methods found in the literature in the last 5 years. Furthermore, since security and robustness are very important issues in designing a good steganographic algorithm, some relevant attacks and steganalysis techniques are also surveyed. The paper concludes with recommendations and good practices drawn from the reviewed techniques.
Predicting the Survival of Gastric Cancer Patients Using Artificial and Bayesian Neural Networks
Venue: Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention APJCP
Year: 2018

In recent years the use of neural networks without any premises for investigation of prognosis in analyzing survival data has increased. Artificial neural networks (ANN) use small processors with a continuous network to solve problems inspired by the human brain. Bayesian neural networks (BNN) constitute a neural based approach to modeling and non linearization of complex issues using special algorithms and statistical methods. Gastric cancer incidence is the first and third ranking for men and women in Iran, respectively. The aim of the present study was to assess the value of an artificial neural network and a Bayesian neural network for modeling and predicting of probability of gastric cancer patient death.  In this study, we used information on 339 patients aged from 20 to 90 years old with positive gastric cancer, referred to Afzalipoor and Shahid Bahonar Hospitals in Kerman City from 2001 to 2015. The three layers perceptron neural network (ANN) and the Bayesian neural network (BNN) were used for predicting the probability of mortality using the available data. To investigate differences between the models, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and the area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) were generated.  In this study, the sensitivity and specificity of the artificial neural network and Bayesian neural network models were 0.882, 0.903 and 0.954, 0.909, respectively. Prediction accuracy and the area under curve ROC for the two models were 0.891, 0.944 and 0.935, 0.961. The age at diagnosis of gastric cancer was most important for predicting survival, followed by tumor grade, morphology, gender, smoking history, opium consumption, receiving chemotherapy, presence of metastasis, tumor stage, receiving radiotherapy, and being resident in a village.  The findings of the present study indicated that the Bayesian neural network is preferable to an artificial neural network for predicting survival of gastric cancer patients in Iran.
Quantitative perfusion analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma using dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to determine tumor microvascularization.
Venue: Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation
Year: 2019

The use of a standardized dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) protocol to determine perfusion of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) using quantitative analysis.  Retrospective analysis of 27 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma examined by a standardized protocol (bolus injection of 2.4 ml sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles, arterial phase to portal venous phase using continuous CINE loops over 1 minute, short CINE loops after 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 minutes and additional single images for B mode, CCDS, elastography) The examination was performed by an experienced sonographer with a high resolution, multi frequency transducer (1 6 MHz) The reading of the reference imaging (contrast enhanced CT and MRI) and histopathology, if necessary, was performed independently. Retrospective analysis of the CEUS DICOM loops was done using time intensity curves analysis (TIC) with evaluation of the time to peak (TTP) and the area under the curve (AUC)  All tumor lesions were characterized by CEUS, based on typical contrast patterns for HCC lesions with arterial enhancement and wash out in the late phase, corresponding to MRI with liver specific contrast agent or contrast enhanced CT. Mean TTP (SD) in the tumor centre (C) was 19.93 (11.31) in the periphery (P) 22.94 (9.44) and in the normal liver tissue (LT) 28.19 (11.34) with significant differences between all zones C/P (p 0.013) C/LT (p 0.0051) and P/LT (p 0.022) AUC mean (SD) in the tumor centre (C) was 660.03 (292.64) in the periphery (P) 586.04 (237.01) and in the normal liver tissue (LT) 484.20 (236.99) also with significant differences between all zones C/P (p 0.001) C/LT (p 0.001) and P/LT (p 0.001) CONCLUSION TIC analysis is an easy to use tool for the dynamic evaluation of microvascularization in hepatocellular carcinoma and allows a fast and cost efficient quantitative analysis.
Synthesis and structure activity relationship of tricyclic carboxylic acids as novel anti histamines.
Venue: Bioorganic medicinal chemistry
Year: 2011

A series of tricyclic carboxylic acids having 6 amino pyrimidine 2,4(1H,3H) dione with piperazino or homopiperazino moiety linked by propylene, were synthesized and evaluated for their affinity toward human histamine H(1) receptor and Caco 2 cell permeability. Selected compounds were further evaluated for their oral anti histaminic activity in mice, bioavailability in rats, and their anti inflammatory activity in mice OVA induced biphasic cutaneous reaction model. Among the compounds tested, dibenzoxazepine carboxylic acid 13b showed both histamine H(1) receptor antagonistic activity and anti inflammatory activity in vivo. In addition, 13b exhibited low affinity toward a(1) receptor and low occupancy of H(1) receptor in the brain. It is therefore, believed that 13b is a potential candidate for development as 3rd generation anti histamine.
"APEC Blue" Secondary Aerosol Reductions from Emission Controls in Beijing
Venue: Scientific reports
Year: 2016

China implemented strict emission control measures in Beijing and surrounding regions to ensure good air quality during the 2014 Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit. We conducted synchronous aerosol particle measurements with two aerosol mass spectrometers at different heights on a meteorological tower in urban Beijing to investigate the variations in particulate composition, sources and size distributions in response to emission controls. Our results show consistently large reductions in secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) of 61 67% and 51 57% and in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) of 55% and 37% at 260 m and ground level, respectively, during the APEC summit. These changes were mainly caused by large reductions in accumulation mode particles and by suppression of the growth of SIA and SOA by a factor of 2 3, which led to blue sky days during APEC commonly referred to as "APEC Blue" We propose a conceptual framework for the evolution of primary and secondary species and highlight the importance of regional atmospheric transport in the formation of severe pollution episodes in Beijing. Our results indicate that reducing the precursors of secondary aerosol over regional scales is crucial and effective in suppressing the formation of secondary particulates and mitigating PM pollution.
MapGene2Chrom, a tool to draw gene physical map based on Perl and SVG languages.
Venue: Yi chuan Hereditas
Year: 2015

Genetic linkage map is helpful for analysis on heredity of some gene families and map based gene cloning because of its simple and elegant manifestation. One software is in need to draw a gene physical map, which shows a manner similar to the genetic linkage map, based on the relative physical distance between genes. Although some tools like GBrowse and MapViewer etc. are available to draw gene physical map, there are obvious limitations for them: (1) the data need to be decorated in advance; (2) users can't modify results. Therefore, we developed a bio assisted mapping software MapGene2Chrom with PC and web versions, which is based on Perl and SVG languages. The software can be used to draw the corresponding physical map quickly in SVG format based on the input data. It will become a useful tool for drawing gene physical map with the advantages of simple input data format, easily modified output and very good portability.
Degeneration of Associated Life: Dewey's Naturalism about Social Criticism
Year: 2017

In this article, I inquire into the "naturalistic" aspect of John Dewey's China lectures on social philosophy and ask what his naturalism about social philosophy is. In the lectures and the notes, Dewey describes the subject matter and the method of social philosophy in naturalistic terms: the object of social philosophy is conceived as "associated life" and its method is likened to the "art of medicine," as the social philosopher is understood to be advancing "diagnoses" and "cures" for "social pathologies." I next revisit Dewey's naturalistic metaphysics in the hope of finding a clue for how to conceive of Dewey's naturalistic conception of the social. Finally, I indicate how Dewey's naturalism informs the very significance of the critical social philosophy advocated in the Lectures. His naturalistic social philosophy establishes an evaluative approach to social reality, which is not reducible to the normativity of moral or political justification, but is based immanently on the authority of "associated life" itself.
What is life?
Year: 2012

We are all patterns, dynamically evolving ones, but patterns nonetheless. There is nothing special about the individual atoms that constitute our bodies. They could all be replaced by other atoms of the same kinds, and neither we nor anyone else would notice the difference. So what is it about our particular arrangement of atoms that makes us alive and our distinctive selves? Indeed, what is life? Erwin Schrodinger addressed this latter question head on in the celebrated set of lectures that he delivered at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies in 1943. His classic text What is Life? based on the lectures, was published the following year and seems to have been in print in one form or another ever since. The edition to be reviewed, which also includes Schrodinger's Mind and Matter and Autobiographical Sketches, plus a foreword by Roger Penrose, was first published in 1992 and is now in its 12th reprinting. As Penrose comments, What is Life? must rank among the most influential of scientific writings of the last century. It was written more than a decade before the discovery of the structure of DNA and both Francis Crick and James Watson, who received the Nobel Prize for the discovery, acknowledged the book as an early source of inspiration. Remarkably, however, many of the ideas, paradoxes and open questions raised by Schrodinger are still as apposite today as they were at the time. The book is wide ranging and considers, not just the physical/chemical nature of inheritance, but the nature of life and conscious awareness. Schrodinger opens by introducing the ideas of statistical physics and addresses the question 'Why are the atoms so small? which could, of course, equally well be expressed as 'Why are we so big? His answer is that, given the constant thermal jiggling of the atoms and molecules, and quantum indeterminacy, life can only be stable, governed by reliable physical laws, if the statistical averages are good, which in turn requires that the number of atoms be very large. It is one of his penetrating insights which yields a conclusion that, in retrospect, seems absolutely obvious. Although a lot was already known about heredity, and it was evident that the information to be inherited must be encoded in some way in the genes, it was unclear how that happened. Schrodinger argues cogently that the hereditary information must be carried by a molecule. On the scale of a gene, nothing else would provide the necessary stability. Furthermore, an 'aperiodic crystal' as he describes this molecule, would allow for the encoding of a sufficient number of possibilities with relatively few atoms. The stability of the molecule would derive from quantum mechanics, and mutations could be attributed to rare quantum transitions in its structure. He thus shows that the existence of such a molecule could account for the observations. Of course, it is now well known that his arguments were characteristically well aimed, and that the molecule in question is DNA. How can one define life? There are many different approaches, none satisfactory, but Schrodinger comments,
Evidence Based Practice, Talking Therapies and the New Taylorism
Year: 2012

This paper explores the development of evidence based practice (EBP) in the field of talking therapies, and particular its realisation in the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme in the National Health Service in England. A critique of EBP is offered, starting with an examination of its epistemological and methodological foundations. The critique is then developed to examine the way EBP is being used to support the implementation of a new form of management ideology, Digital Taylorism, which is based on the codification and routinisation of what was previously considered to be subjective knowledge and practice. The service offered by IAPT, and supported by guidance from the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence, is presented as a prime example of this ideology in the field of talking therapies. The paper concludes by considering how EBP can best be confronted.
Reader response: Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: Fourth consensus report of the DLB consortium
Venue: Neurology
Year: 2018

The Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) Consortium introduced 3 indicative biomarkers (IBs) into the framework for the diagnosis of DLB.1 Because DLB is essentially multifocal,2 a combined approach with 4 core clinical features (CCFs) may greatly enhance the diagnostic efficacy by capturing the chameleon like variability of DLB.3
A SAUDE MENTAL DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE SAUDE NA LINHA DE FRENTE CONTRA A COVID 19
Year: 2020

O numero de infectados pelo novo coronavirus (COVID 19) cresce em larga escala, gerando demanda fisica e psicologica sobre os trabalhadores que estao na linha de frente no enfrentamento dessa patologia. O aumento de casos suspeitos e confirmados da doenca pode levar a sobrecarga e ao estresse no ambiente de trabalho. O objetivo do presente estudo e identificar de que forma tal pandemia pode influenciar na saude mental dos profissionais de saude que estao na linha de frente. Especificamente, pretende se: elucidar a dimensao da pandemia da COVID 19; abordar a respeito da importancia da saude mental no contexto pandemia; verificar a vulnerabilidade dos profissionais de saude frente a pandemia COVID 19, bem como identificar as possiveis estrategias de enfrentamento para os mesmos. Como metodologia, este estudo tem carater descritivo, cuja abordagem e de natureza qualitativa, trata se de uma revisao bibliografica onde foram selecionados artigos relevantes que dissertavam sobre a presente tematica. Apresentam se resultados sobre implicacoes da pandemia na saude mental, identificando que os profissionais de saude, que estao atuando na linha de frente contra a COVID 19, tem sido alvo de grande estresse e problemas de ordem psiquica; visto que ha aumento da vulnerabilidade desses profissionais. Considera se relevante ofertar atendimento psicologico e cuidados em saude mental para os profissionais de saude, de modo que se minimize, ou mesmo hajam intervencoes que absorvam os impactos que implicarao na saude mental desses profissionais que estao na linha de frente.
Bullying prevalence across contexts: a meta analysis measuring cyber and traditional bullying.
Venue: The Journal of adolescent health official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine
Year: 2014

Bullying involvement in any form can have lasting physical and emotional consequences for adolescents. For programs and policies to best safeguard youth, it is important to understand prevalence of bullying across cyber and traditional contexts. We conducted a thorough review of the literature and identified 80 studies that reported corresponding prevalence rates for cyber and traditional bullying and/or aggression in adolescents. Weighted mean effect sizes were calculated, and measurement features were entered as moderators to explain variation in prevalence rates and in traditional cyber correlations within the sample of studies. Prevalence rates for cyber bullying were lower than for traditional bullying, and cyber and traditional bullying were highly correlated. A number of measurement features moderated variability in bullying prevalence; whereas a focus on traditional relational aggression increased correlations between cyber and traditional aggressions. In our meta analytic review, traditional bullying was twice as common as cyber bullying. Cyber and traditional bullying were also highly correlated, suggesting that polyaggression involvement should be a primary target for interventions and policy. Results of moderation analyses highlight the need for greater consensus in measurement approaches for both cyber and traditional bullying.