nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
CRITICAL QUALITY RISK ANALYSIS OF PROCESS PARAMETERS OF FLUID BED COATING TECHNOLOGY
Year: 2013

The fluidized bed coating (FBC) is a complex process in pharmaceutical formulation engineering since there are a number of parameters that can affect it. In order to develop a robust pharmaceutical manufacturing process, it is important to determine all the critical process parameters (CPP) affecting critical quality attribute of the final product. There are many problems with a fluid bed coating process that produced inconsistent results. Many of the coating parameters interacted with each other, so conventional one factor at a time (OFAT) experiments were unable to resolve the issue. Design of experiments examines all of the variables simultaneously so it enabled us to identify the optimum values for the factors much more quickly. Main objective of this study is to provide a sophisticated robust and rugged FBC for the preparation of Ciprofloxacin Pellets with desired quality and performance (i.e. dissolution)
ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN TAHSIN AL QUR'AN DENGAN METODE QIRAATI DI LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN GURU QIRAATI (LPGQ) KOORDINATOR KECAMATAN GEBOG KABUPATEN KUDUS
Year: 2015

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis pelaksanaan Tahsin Al Qur"an dengan metode Qiraati di Lembaga Pendidikan Guru Qiraati (LPGQ) koordinator kecamatan Gebog kabupaten Kudus yang berkaitan dengan materi materi, metode metode, langkah langkah, dan evaluasi pembelajarannya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian field research (penelitian lapangan) dengan mengambil tempat penelitian di Lembaga Pendidikan Guru Qiraati (LPGQ) koordinator kecamatan (KORCAM) Gebog kabupaten Kudus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan mereduksi data, kemudian penyajian data, dan akhirnya dari data yang telah disusun tersebut ditarik kesimpulan. Pemeriksaan keabsahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1. Materi materi pembelajaran yang diajarkan yaitu menggunakan buku Qiraati Jilid 1 sampai 5, Juz 27, Jilid 6, Al Qur"an, Gharib, dan Tajwid. 2. Pembelajarannya menggunakan empat metode mengajar yaitu: metode Individual, metode Klasikal Individual, metode Klasikal Baca Simak, metode Baca Simak Murni. 3. Langkah langkah pembelajarannya yaitu dimulai dari kegiatan pendahuluan yang meliputi apersepsi dan motivasi, kegiatan inti yang meliputi eksplorasi, elaborasi, dan konfirmasi, serta terakhir kegiatan penutup yang meliputi do"a dan salam. 4. Evaluasi pembelajaran yang dipergunakan ialah: tes awal masuk, tes kenaikan perhalaman, tes kenaikan jilid, ujian pra tashih, dan ujian tashih. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan akan menjadi bahan informasi dan masukan bagi mahasiswa, para tenaga pengajar, para peneliti dan semua pihak, terutama dalam memberi pertolongan dan motivasi pada rekan rekan mahasiswa agar senantiasa meningkatkan kualitas penelitian pada masa yang akan datang.
In the path of the Hurricane: impact of Hurricane Irene and Tropical Storm Lee on watershed hydrology and biogeochemistry from North Carolina to Maine, USA
Venue: Biogeochemistry
Year: 2018

Although many climate predictions suggest that the frequency and intensity of large storm events might increase in the coming decades, few studies document the full impact of such events along their path. Here, we synthesize information on the impact of Hurricane Irene (formed August 21 2011) and Tropical Storm Lee (formed August 30, 2011) on erosion and sediment transport, lake metabolism, riparian hydrology and biogeochemistry, and stream water quality, from North Carolina to Maine. In almost all cases, these storms generated unprecedented changes in water quality (concentrations, loads) from tenfold increases in DOC and 100 fold increases in POC in Maryland, to 100 fold increases in TSS concentrations in Pennsylvania. Overbank flooding and up to 200 year streamflow events were recorded in New York and Vermont. In many cases, particulate loads (e.g. POC, PP, TSS) occurring during Irene and Lee represented more than 30% of the annual load. The dominance of particulate exports over solutes during Irene and Lee is consistent with the mobilization of normally immobile sediment pools, and massive erosion as reported at many locations across the Northeastern US. Several studies reported long lasting 1 year) effects of Irene and Lee on cyanobacterial blooms, erosion, or stream suspended sediment concentrations. However, this review also highlighted the lack of a consistent strategy in terms of methods, and measured water quality parameters. This strongly hinders our ability to fully assess the large scale impact of such events on our environment, and ultimately their impact on our economy and society.
Surgeons don't know what they don't know about the safe use of energy in surgery
Venue: Surgical Endoscopy
Year: 2012

BackgroundSurgeons are not required to train on energy based devices or document their knowledge of safety issues related to their use. Their understanding of how to safely use the devices has never formally been tested. This study assessed that knowledge in a cohort of gastrointestinal surgeons and determined if key facts could be learned in a half day course.MethodsSAGES piloted a postgraduate CME course on the Fundamental Use of Surgical Energy(tm) (FUSE) at the 2011 SAGES meeting. Course faculty prepared an 11 item multiple choice examination (pretest) of critical knowledge. We administered it to members of the SAGES board; Quality, Outcomes and Safety Committee; and FUSE Task Force. Postgraduate course participants took the pretest, and at the end of the course they took a 10 item post test that covered the same content. Data are expressed as median (interquartile range, IQR).ResultsForty eight SAGES leaders completed the test: the median percent of correct answers was 59 (IQR 55 73 range 0 100 Thirty one percent did not know how to correctly handle a fire on the patient; 31 could not identify the device least likely to interfere with a pacemaker; 13 did not know that thermal injury can extend beyond the jaws of a bipolar instrument; and 10 thought a dispersive pad should be cut to fit a child. Pretest results for 27 participants in the postgraduate course were similar, with a median of 55 correct (IQR 46 82 Participants were not told the correct answers. At the end of the course, 25 of them completed a different 10 item post test, with a median of 90 correct (IQR 70 90 .ConclusionsMany surgeons have knowledge gaps in the safe use of widely used energy based devices. A formal curriculum in this area can address this gap and contribute to increased safety.
Effect of Oxalic Acid Based Desensitizing Agent on Cervical Restorations on Hypersensitive Teeth: A Triple Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
Venue: Journal of oral facial pain and headache
Year: 2016

To assess the effects of application of an oxalic acid based desensitizing agent before restoration of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) with either a silorane based or a methacrylate based composite resin on decreasing the absolute risk and intensity of dentin hypersensitivity over the course of a 1 year follow up.  NCCLs in 31 patients (age range 24 66 years) were selected and randomly divided into four groups (n 31 in all groups) In the Z250 and P90 groups, the restorations were performed with a methacrylate based composite resin (Filtek Z250) and a silorane based composite resin (Silorane P90) respectively. In the Z250 OA and P90 OA groups, the same composite resins were used, but an oxalic acid based desensitizing agent (Desenssiv, SSWhite) was first applied. All NCCLs were evaluated before restoration (BR) and at 30, 60, 90, 180, and 360 days after treatment. Teeth sensitivity to evaporative and tactile stimuli was measured by a visual analog scale (VAS) The results were analyzed with statistical tools including Wilcoxon and Friedman tests for within group comparisons and ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests for between group comparisons (P .05)  Reduction in dentin hypersensitivity was observed for all treatment groups; however, these reductions were more pronounced when oxalic acid was applied before restoring the NCCL (P .001) Complete elimination of pain was not achieved by any treatment modalities for the first 6 months; afterwards, in the groups that had received application of the oxalate based desensitizing agent, the absolute risk of dentin hypersensitivity was significantly reduced (P .01)  The restoration of sensitive NCCLs with composite resins reduces dentin hypersensitivity. This reduction is more pronounced if an oxalic acid based desensitizing agent is applied prior to the restoration. In addition, its application reduces the absolute risk of dentin hypersensitivity after 6 months of treatment.
Annual gaseous carbon budgets of forest to bog restoration sites are strongly determined by vegetation composition.
Venue: The Science of the total environment
Year: 2020

Large areas of naturally open peatland in western Europe were drained and planted with non native conifers in the twentieth century. Efforts are currently underway to restore many of these sites. Ultimately, forest to bog restoration aims to bring back functional peatlands that can sequester carbon but there is a lack of empirical evidence for whether current approaches are effective. Using a chronosequence design, we compared the annual gaseous carbon balance of two forest to bog restoration areas with an open area not subject to afforestation. A closed chamber method was used to determine gas fluxes (Net Ecosystem Respiration, Gross Primary Productivity, Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) and methane (CH4) over a twelve month period for locations spanning the range of peatland microtopography and vegetation communities. Relationships between gas fluxes, vegetation/cover and environmental factors were analysed and regression models used to estimate annual CO2 and CH4 budgets. During the study period, NEE estimates (total gaseous C expressed as CO2 eq) showed a net sink for the unafforested 102 g C m 2 yr 1) and oldest 131 g C m 2 yr 1) restoration area (17 years post restoration 'RES 17 YRS' whilst the youngest restoration area (6 years post restoration 'RES 6YRS' was a net source (35 g C m 2 yr 1) We observed significantly higher CH4 emissions from restoration areas dominated by Eriophorum angustifolium compared with other peatland vegetation types. Sampling points with higher cover of Sphagnum were found to be most effective for C sequestration. Overall, vegetation composition/cover was observed to be an important factor determining C emissions from forest to bog restoration areas. These results suggest that restoration is effective in returning the carbon sink function of peatlands damaged by commercial forestry and depending on restoration techniques timescales of >10 years may be required.
Optimum Off Grid PV System Sizing9 Case of Study: Aswan Egypt
Venue: 2019 21st International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON)
Year: 2019

During the last years, the electrical loads in continuously increasing. So, the electricity distribution companies stop feeding the electricity to customers who far than the distribution network and recommend using an off grid solar energy system. Now days, many of remote homes, farms, rest area and coffees are going to use off grid solar energy. Many initiating companies start supplying and installing off grid solar energy systems for such these places, but unfortunately there are a lot of problems that badly effected on the system performance and leads to partially or fully blackout of the system. These problems aren't related to the nature or weather conditions, but they related to the design, calculation and selection of system components. This paper submits a correct model for design, calculations and selection of off grid solar energy systems and it is considered a guide for Micro Scale off grid PV system.
Redox Balance DDR miRNA Triangle: Relevance in Genome Stability and Stress Responses in Plants
Venue: Front. Plant Sci.
Year: 2019

Plants are continuously faced with complex environmental conditions which can affect the oxidative metabolism and photosynthetic efficiency, thus leading to the over production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) Over a certain threshold, ROS can damage DNA. DNA damage, unless repaired, can affect genome stability, thus interfering with cell survival and severely reducing crop productivity. A complex network of pathways involved in DNA damage response (DDR) needs to be activated in order to maintain genome integrity. The expression of specific genes belonging to these pathways can be used as indicators of oxidative DNA damage and effective DNA repair in plants subjected to stress conditions. Managing ROS levels by modulating their production and scavenging systems shifts the role of these compounds from toxic molecules to key messengers involved in plant tolerance acquisition. Oxidative and anti oxidative signals normally move among the different cell compartments, including the nucleus, cytosol, and organelles. Nuclei are dynamically equipped with different redox systems, such as glutathione (GSH) thiol reductases, and redox regulated transcription factors (TFs) The nuclear redox network participates in the regulation of the DNA metabolism, in terms of transcriptional events, replication, and repair mechanisms. This mainly occurs through redox dependent regulatory mechanisms comprising redox buffering and post translational modifications, such as the thiol disulphide switch, glutathionylation, and S nitrosylation. The regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) is also emerging for the maintenance of genome stability and the modulation of antioxidative machinery under adverse environmental conditions. In fact, redox systems and DDR pathways can be controlled at a post transcriptional level by miRNAs. This review reports on the interconnections between the DDR pathways and redox balancing systems. It presents a new dynamic picture by taking into account the shared regulatory mechanism mediated by miRNAs in plant defense responses to stress.
Downscaling of self aligned, all printed polymer thin film transistors.
Venue: Nature nanotechnology
Year: 2007

Printing is an emerging approach for low cost, large area manufacturing of electronic circuits, but it has the disadvantages of poor resolution, large overlap capacitances, and film thickness limitations, resulting in slow circuit speeds and high operating voltages. Here, we demonstrate a self aligned printing approach that allows downscaling of printed organic thin film transistors to channel lengths of 100 400 nm. The use of a crosslinkable polymer gate dielectric with 30 50 nm thickness ensures that basic scaling requirements are fulfilled and that operating voltages are below 5 V. The device architecture minimizes contact resistance effects, enabling clean scaling of transistor current with channel length. A self aligned gate configuration minimizes parasitic overlap capacitance to values as low as 0.2 0.6 pF mm( 1) and allows transition frequencies of fT 1.6 MHz to be reached. Our self aligned process provides a way to improve the performance of printed organic transistor circuits by downscaling, while remaining compatible with the requirements of large area, flexible electronics manufacturing.
Agriculture Grade Ammonium Nitrate as the Basic Ingredient of Massive Explosive Charges
Year: 2012

Prilled ammonium nitrate (AN) is manufactured globally in millions of tons and is mainly used as fertilizer or as the main ingredient of modern mining blasting explosives. The availability of AN poses a serious threat to public security as it enables preparation of massive explosive charges using a simple technology in order to carry out terrorist attacks. This paper examines the option of using agriculture AN manufactured in several Polish plants as the basic ingredient of explosive mixtures with liquid fuels or powdered aluminum. Fuel oil (FO) 2 EHN and nitromethane were used as liquid fuels. Additionally, the effect of an inorganic additive (dolomite) in AN on the detonation velocity of mixtures of granulated and milled AN with various fuels was examined.
A FPGA Oriented Quantization Scheme for MobileNet SSD
Venue: Advances in Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing
Year: 2019

The rising popularity of mobile devices, which have high performance in object detection calls for a method to implement our algorithms efficiently on mobile devices. As we know, Deep Learning is a good approach to achieve state of the art results. But it needs lots of computation and resources, mobile devices are often resource limited because of their small size. Recently, FPGA is a device famous for parallelism and many people try to implement the Deep Learning Networks on FPGA. After our investigation, we choose MobileNet SSD to implement on FPGA because that this network is designed for mobile devices and its size and cost are relatively smaller. There are also some challenges about implementing the network on FPGA, such as the large demand of resources and low latency, which are pretty important for mobile devices. In this paper, we show a quantization scheme for object detection networks based on FPGA and a process to simulate the FPGA on PC to help us predict the performance of networks on FPGA. Besides, we propose an integer only inference based on FPGA, which truly reduce the cost of resources greatly. The method of Dynamic Fixed Point is adopted and we make some improvement based on object detection networks to quantize the MobileNet SSD, which is a suitable object detection network for embedded system. Our improvements make its performance better than Ristretto.
Towards QoS Aware Cloud Live Transcoding: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach
Venue: 2019 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)
Year: 2019

Video transcoding is widely adopted in live streaming services to bridge the format and resolution gap between content producers and consumers (i.e. broadcasters and viewers) Meanwhile, the cloud has been recognized as one of the most reliable and cost effective ways for video transcoding. However, due to the dynamic and uncertainty of the transcoding workloads in live streaming, it is very challenging for cloud service providers to provision computing resources and schedule transcoding tasks while guaranteeing the Service Level Agreement (SLA) To this end, we propose a joint resource provisioning and task scheduling approach for transcoding live streams in the cloud. We adopt Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to train a neural network model for resource provisioning under dynamic workloads. Moreover, we design a QoS aware task scheduling algorithm that maps transcoding tasks to Virtual Machines (VMs) by considering the real time QoS requirement. We evaluate our approach with trace driven experiments and the results demonstrate that our approach outperforms heuristic baselines by up to 89% improvements on average QoS with 4% extra resource overhead at most.
A Collection of Bilingual Analytical Chemistry Teaching Resources from Famous Universities in North America
Year: 2006

Five analytical chemistry internet courses from famous universities in North America are introduced in this paper.Because the mother tongue of the course designers is English,the teaching language of these courses is not only standard but also natural,which creates authentic language environment for bilingual instruction.As far as the course contents are concerned,the subject matter of analytical chemistry in those famous universities is close to that in our country.Therefore these internet courses can supply sufficient teaching resources to our bilingual instruction.Some of these resources are described in this paper,such as videos,animations,lesson plans,worksheets and test banks.
KLF15 regulates in vitro chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells by targeting SOX9.
Venue: Biochemical and biophysical research communications
Year: 2017

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells residing in the bone marrow. MSCs have the potential to differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and other types of cells. However, the mechanism underlying MSC differentiation is still not fully understood. Here we aimed to investigate the function of the Kruppel like factor (KLF) transcriptional factor family in regulating chondrogenic differentiation from human MSCs. Among the KLF family members, KLF15 was activated during different models of chondrogenic differentiation in a time dependent manner. Lentivirus mediated knockdown of KLF15 in MSCs repressed chondrogenic differentiation whereas KLF15 overexpression facilitated chondrogenic differentiation. KLF15 promoted the chondrogenic differentiation of human MSCs by activating the expression of SOX9, which is critically involved in KLF15 function during chondrogenic differentiation. Our mechanism study demonstrated that KLF15 bound the promoter of SOX9 and promoted the activation of the SOX9 promoter. Taken together, our findings show that KLF15 promotes chondrogenic differentiation of human MSCs by activating SOX9.
Clinical Report Complex Rearrangement of Chromosome 7q21.13 q22.1 Confirms the Ectrodactyly Deafness Locus and Suggests New Candidate Genes
Year: 2008

Complex chromosomal rearrangements with more than two breakpoints are rare. We report on a 5 year old girl, evaluated because of psychomotor delay, ectrodactyly of right hand and feet, craniofacial dysmorphic features, cleft palate, deafness, and tetralogy of Fallot. A standard karyotype suggested a small intrachromosomal duplication of chromosome 7q. The chromosomal rearrangement was characterized by mBAND, which disclosed a reciprocal interstitial translocation t(7;8)(q21q22;q23q24) FISH analysis and array CGH analysis showed a paracentric inversion of 7q and a microdeletion of 7q21.13. The parents had normal chromosomes. The deletion found in the present patient confirms that candidate region of ectrodactyly deafness (OMIM 220600) maps to 7q21 and suggests new candidate genes for that disorder. This patient also had facial features reminiscent of tricho rhino phalangeal syndrome and one chromosome breakpoint involved band 8q24, a locus for this disorder. In addition, FOG1 gene maps to 8q23 and has been implicated in a subset of subjects with tretralogy of Fallot. We suggest that the aberration of 8q may have contributed to her facial and cardiac findings.
Characterization of Surface Modification of 347 Stainless Steel upon Shot Peening
Venue: Scanning
Year: 2017

Plastic deformations, such as those obtained by shot peening on specimen surface, are an efficient way to improve the mechanical behavior of metals. Generally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) are commonly used to observe the complex microstructural evolutions, such as grain refinement and phase transformation, induced by the surface treatment. In this work, the microstructure of 347 stainless steel, after ultrasonic shot peening (USP) treatments, was investigated. SEM, EBSD, transmission electron microscopy, and X ray diffraction were used to observe the microstructural evolutions, such as grain refinement and phase transformation. Deformation depth after the USP treatment was about 200 mm. Grain size on the treated surface layer was about 100 nm, with two phases: austenite and a' martensite. The percentages of the austenite and a' martensite phases were 54% and 46% respectively, which constitute an exact expression of the degree of plastic deformation on austenitic stainless steel.