nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Feature tailored spectroscopic analysis of the SNR Puppis A in X rays
Year: 2016

We introduce a distinct method to perform spatially resolved spectral analysis of astronomical sources with highly structured X ray emission. The method measures the surface brightness of neighbouring pixels to adaptively size and shape each region, thus the spectra from the bright and faint filamentary structures evident in the broadband images can be extracted. As a test case, we present the spectral analysis of the complete X ray emitting plasma in the supernova remnant Puppis A observed with XMM Newton and Chandra. Given the angular size of Puppis A, many pointings with different observational configurations have to be combined, presenting a challenge to any method of spatially resolved spectroscopy. From the fit of a plane parallel shocked plasma model we find that temperature, absorption column, ionization time scale, emission measure and elemental abundances of O, Ne, Mg, Si, S and Fe, are smoothly distributed in the remnant. Some regions with overabundances of O Ne Mg, previously characterized as ejecta material, were automatically selected by our method, proving the excellent response of the technique. This method is an advantageous tool for the exploitation of archival X ray data.
Learning semantic attributes via a common latent space
Venue: 2014 International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications (VISAPP)
Year: 2014

Semantic attributes represent an adequate knowledge that can be easily transferred to other domains where lack of information and training samples exist. However, in the classical object recognition case, where training data is abundant, attribute based recognition usually results in poor performance compared to methods that used image features directly. We introduce a generic framework that boosts the performance of semantic attributes considerably in traditional classification and knowledge transfer tasks, such as zero shot learning. It incorporates the discriminative power of the visual features and the semantic meaning of the attributes by learning a common latent space that joins both spaces. We also specifically account for the presence of attribute correlations in the source dataset to generalize more efficiently across domains. Our evaluation of the proposed approach on standard public datasets shows that it is not only simple and computationally efficient but also performs remarkably better than the common direct attribute model.
Quantitative assessment of land use dynamic variation using remote sensing data and landscape pattern in the Yangtze River Delta, China
Venue: Sustain. Comput. Informatics Syst.
Year: 2019

The urban agglomeration of the Yangtze River Delta is one of the fastest expansions of urban regions in China. In this study, the variation of urban construction land and landscape patterns were studied based on the remote sensing image classification data of 2005, 2010, and 2015. The results show that: 1) In the region, the change rate of urban construction land in 2010 2015 is significantly higher than that of 2005 2010. 2) The rapid expansion of urban landscape leads to the reduction of farmland, while the total area of ecological space such as that of forest and waters is almost unchanged. 3) The farmland fragmentation is enhanced and the corresponding shape is more complicated, but the shape of urban landscape is more continuous and regular during the urban expansion process. and 4) The interference of human activities to ecological space is increasing. Therefore, the conclusion of this study provides the basic data for the spatial planning and ecological environment protection of urban agglomeration in Yangtze River Delta. Not only that, but it also promotes the sustainable development of ecological resources in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, as well as makes social and economic contributions.
Present and future emissions of HAPs from crematories in China
Year: 2016

China is the most populous country in the world. The amount of death population has reached 9.65 million and 49.5% of human corpses are cremated by about 1700 crematories spread throughout the country in 2012, leading to considerable discharge of various hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) into the atmosphere and great concerns on regional air quality and health risks for surrounding residents. By using the practicable or best available emission factors, for the first time, a multiple year emission inventory of typical hazardous air pollutants discharged from crematories in the Chinese mainland, has been established for the historical period of 1990 2012, and the future trends of HAPs emissions until 2030 are forecasted based on three scenarios analysis. Our results show that the total emissions have gradually increased to 906 t of NO X 443 t of SO 2 2713 t of CO, 477.7 t of PM, 377 t of HCl, 36 t of H 2 S, 25 t of NH 3 62 t of NMVOCs, 592 kg of Hg, 48 kg of Pb, 14 kg of Cd, 53 kg of As, 40 kg of Cr, 37 kg of Cu, 51 kg of Ni, and 96 g of PCDD/Fs as TEQ (toxic equivalent quantity) by the year 2012. Under the business as usual (BAU) scenario, various HAPs emitted from cremators would continuously increase with an average growth rate of 3% till to 2030; whereas the emissions will peak at around 2015 and then decline gradually with varied speed under the two improved control scenarios. To mitigate the associated air pollution and health risks caused by crematories, it is of great necessary for implementing more strict emission standards, applying combustion optimization and requiring installation of best available flue gas purification system, as well as powerful supervision for sound operation of crematories.
Measuring coverage of essential maternal and newborn care interventions: An unfinished agenda to define the data matrix for action in maternal and newborn health
Venue: Journal of global health
Year: 2017

Moran, Allisyn; Marchant, Tanya; (2017) Measuring coverage of essential maternal and newborn care interventions: An unfinished agenda to define the data matrix for action in maternal and newborn health. Journal of global health, 7 (2) 020307 ISSN 2047 2978  https:/doi.org/10.7189/07.020307 Downloaded from: http:/researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/4646595/ DOI: https:/doi.org/10.7189/07.020307
A Description of Green Hotel Practices and Their Role in Achieving Sustainable Development
Year: 2020

In this study, we aim to investigate environmental management representatives' perceptions regarding the extent of the contribution of green hotel practices to achieving the environment related sustainable development goals (SDGs) To achieve this aim, a questionnaire was developed and directed to the person in charge of environmental duties in the investigated hotels, who were selected by a convenience sample method. A sample of 48 participants from four and five Green Star hotels, representing 63% of the total Certified Green Star hotels in Egypt, was surveyed. The findings of the study revealed that the implementation of green hotel practices in the certified four and five Green Star hotels surveyed contributed positively to achieving SDG 6, SDG 12, SDG 7 and SDG 13, respectively. The main driver of the adoption of Green Star criteria was the hotels' commitment to environmental sustainability. The findings also indicated that, overall, there were statistically significant differences between four and five Green Star hotels in all SDGs addressed. The main implication of this study is that hotel operators should properly incorporate green hotel practices into their operational plans to achieve the environment related SDGs.
Academic conferences: a female duo ethnography
Year: 2018

Literature has identified a range of conference attendance motivations, including networking, professional development, and the venue/location of the conference. However, very few studies have examined delegate behaviour from a gender perspective, and studies focusing on the lived experience of conference delegates are extremely rare. This paper is guided by hermeneutic phenomenology and uses a duo ethnographic approach to explore experiences of female academics attending tourism, hospitality, and events conferences. Findings suggest that there are particular issues for female delegates which have not arisen in previous studies. These include not only the importance of having strong female role models and the significance of fun and friendship, but also the prominent role of emotions, carer responsibilities, safety concerns, and harassment. The notion of the academic persona also emerged as a key part of the conference experience. Areas for future research are suggested and practical implications for conference organizers are also presented.
C'era una volta in un castello. storie che valorizzano le identita competenti dei bambini
Year: 2015

"C'era una volta in un castello." e una ricerca che ha lo scopo di rilevare i benefici del lavorare con le identita competenti dei bambini. Gli allievi della scuola dell'infanzia di Biasca sono stati chiamati a identificare le loro specialita, inserirle in una storia inventata ambientata in un castello e infine metterle in scena in uno spettacolo teatrale aperto a compagni e docenti. Dai dati raccolti, tramite le audio registrazioni, le video registrazioni e i disegni, e emerso che i bambini sono riusciti a rappresentarsi attraverso le loro specialita e a condividerle con i compagni. Le storie, i disegni e la rappresentazione teatrale le hanno valorizzate maggiormente. Tutti i bambini hanno preso a cuore questo lavoro, ricercando in ogni loro gesto il modo migliore per rappresentare la loro specialita. Il risultato di questo lavoro e che il singolo bambino ha consolidato una maggiore consapevolezza di se e una maggiore fiducia nelle sue qualita. Infine, la condivisione delle storie ha permesso al gruppo di conoscersi meglio ed e ora piu consapevole delle risorse che possiede. Relatrice: Marina Bernasconi
Substrate and Passivation Techniques for Flexible Amorphous Silicon Based X ray Detectors
Venue: Sensors
Year: 2016

Flexible active matrix display technology has been adapted to create new flexible photo sensing electronic devices, including flexible X ray detectors. Monolithic integration of amorphous silicon (a Si) PIN photodiodes on a flexible substrate poses significant challenges associated with the intrinsic film stress of amorphous silicon. This paper examines how altering device structuring and diode passivation layers can greatly improve the electrical performance and the mechanical reliability of the device, thereby eliminating one of the major weaknesses of a Si PIN diodes in comparison to alternative photodetector technology, such as organic bulk heterojunction photodiodes and amorphous selenium. A dark current of 0.5 pA/mm2 and photodiode quantum efficiency of 74% are possible with a pixelated diode structure with a silicon nitride/SU 8 bilayer passivation structure on a 20 um thick polyimide substrate.
My body until proven otherwise: Exploring the time course of the full body illusion
Venue: Consciousness and Cognition
Year: 2020

Evidence from the Full Body Illusion (FBI) has shown that adults can embody full bodies which are not their own when they move synchronously with their own body or are viewed from a first person perspective. However, there is currently no consensus regarding the time course of the illusion. Here, for the first time, we examined the effect of visuomotor synchrony (synchronous/asynchronous/no movement) on the FBI over time. Surprisingly, we found evidence of embodiment over a virtual body after five seconds in all conditions. Embodiment decreased with increased exposure to asynchronous movement, but remained high in synchronous and no movement conditions. We suggest that embodiment of a body seen from a first person perspective is felt by default, and that embodiment can then be lost in the face of contradictory cues. These results have significant implications for our understanding of how multisensory cues contribute to embodiment.
Secured E voting System Using Two factor Biometric Authentication
Venue: 2020 Fourth International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC)
Year: 2020

Building a secure voting system that offers privacy of conventional voting system with proper voter authentication transparency has been a challenge for a due course of time. The research work proposes a secured and robust electronic voting system based on popular machine learning based facial recognition algorithms and biometric authentication methodologies for the purpose of building a secure voting system. In particular, it focuses on the potential working of face detection and recognition and bio metric authentication namely bio metric scan, and the implementation procedure, which improves the security and decreases the duplicate vote and fraudulent to make the system as more efficient and user friendly in nature.
Application of Bandura's social cognitive theory in the technology enhanced, blended learning environment
Year: 2017

The aim of the study is to focus on the contribution of Bandura's social cognitive theory within the field of education and to help the researcher to understand the nature of theoretical and conceptual frameworks and how they can be used to help give direction to a study, or be identified as an outcome.  The central principle of Bandura's theory is the social context of learning: This article represents the concept of triadic reciprocal determinism which explained as "a continuous reciprocal interaction between personal, behavioral, and environmental determinants. Individuals gain knowledge from interaction with their environment. In addition, Bandura asserts the environment is inclusive of observing and modeling other individuals' attitudes and behaviors. Bandura promotes observational learning and believes information can be transmitted to many learners by just one model.  Concepts based on Albert Bandura's "Social Cognitive Theory (1962)"were used to provide a framework for quantitative research involving modeling as a teaching strategy. The framework is used to determine research questions and give direction to research design.  Some research methods do not overtly use a theoretical framework or conceptual framework in their design. The use of modeling as a teaching strategy dates back to Bandura's work in the early 1960's. The individual observes the modeled event and forms a cognitive construct, which shape future behaviours. A person will choose to engage in specific behaviours that he or she has acquired by observational learning Therefore, more than one student or person can benefit from viewing a video of well modeled care.  It is not possible to expose students to all aspects of theoretical and clinical practice while in College level. Educators must be creative to bridge the gap between classroom teaching and clinical practice.
Client Selection for Federated Learning With Non IID Data in Mobile Edge Computing
Venue: IEEE Access
Year: 2021

Federated Learning (FL) has recently attracted considerable attention in internet of things, due to its capability of enabling mobile clients to collaboratively learn a global prediction model without sharing their privacy sensitive data to the server. Despite its great potential, a main challenge of FL is that the training data are usually non Independent, Identically Distributed (non IID) on the clients, which may bring the biases in the model training and cause possible accuracy degradation. To address this issue, this paper aims to propose a novel FL algorithm to alleviate the accuracy degradation caused by non IID data at clients. Firstly, we observe that the clients with different degrees of non IID data present heterogeneous weight divergence with the clients owning IID data. Inspired by this, we utilize weight divergence to recognize the non IID degrees of clients. Then, we propose an efficient FL algorithm, named CSFedAvg, in which the clients with lower degree of non IID data will be chosen to train the models with higher frequency. Finally, we conduct simulations using publicly available datasets to train deep neural networks. Simulation results show that the proposed FL algorithm improves the training performance compared with existing FL protocol.
Fuzzing Binaries for Memory Safety Errors with QASan
Venue: 2020 IEEE Secure Development (SecDev)
Year: 2020

Fuzz testing techniques are becoming pervasive for their ever improving ability to generate crashing trial cases for programs. Memory safety violations however can lead to silent corruptions and errors, and a fuzzer may recognize them only in the presence of sanitization machinery. For closed source software combining sanitization with fuzzing incurs practical obstacles that we try to tackle with an architecture independent proposal called QASan for detecting heap memory violations. In our tests QASan is competitive with standalone sanitizers and adds a moderate 1.61x average slowdown to the AFL+ fuzzer while enabling it to reveal more heap related bugs.
Quantitative Analysis on the Rational Supply of Construction Land:A Case Study of Nanjing
Year: 2009

The purpose of this paper is to define the rational supply of construction land and distribute the top down construction land quota efficiently and effectively according to the physical rules between economic and social conditions.Methods of comparative analysis,mathematical simulation,and econometrics were employed in the paper.The results firstly show that the rational supplies of construction land in Nanjing are 1.69 x105 hm2 in 2010 and 1.94x105 hm2 in 2020 respectively.Secondly,the supplies of construction land in the two stages,i.e.,2006 2010 and 2011 2020,should at least be 2.41x104 hm2 and 3.02x104 hm2 respectively.The conclusions of the paper are that the demand for construction land in China is still increasing in the coming years according to the economy growth.And the results of the empirical study in the paper verifies the assumption that there should be the spatial difference on efficient utilization of construction land in China.
The Portrayal of Child Soldiers in Documentaries and Hollywood Film
Year: 2017

People in the United States are becoming increasingly mindful of child soldiers, with film being a critical means of bringing about awareness. However, awareness can be dependent upon media representation since most individuals in the U.S. do not have direct experiences with child soldiers. The purpose of the present study is to discover how the media has portrayed child soldiers in Hollywood films and documentaries, with an emphasis on the portrayal of violence, the role of women, and the reintegration experiences of child soldiers that are shown. Through a combined qualitative and quantitative content analysis, this study explores the depictions of young children in armed forces as a way to better understand society's perception of child soldiers. Five Hollywood films and five documentaries were selected at random from an initial pool and viewed by two coders. The coders discovered that while women were portrayed more often than expected, the unique challenges faced by female child soldiers were not represented with great accuracy. Reintegration was depicted in most films; documentaries were more likely to focus on long term reintegration and Hollywood films were more likely to focus on short term reintegration. Hollywood films were also more likely than documentaries to portray violent action and show changes in the attitudes and emotions among the child soldiers over time.
Preliminary Study of Water Quality Monitoring Based on WSN Technology
Venue: 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications (ICASSDA)
Year: 2018

Water plays an important role in human daily life such as drinks of human, farming, livestock breeding and also manufacturing. However, urbanization modernization and industrialization had cause pollution to the clean water source for the usage agriculture. Therefore, it is vital to have a water quality monitoring tool which provides real time water quality data and cover large area. Although the research of water quality monitoring system is widely done and applied, the current system is still expensive, small coverage and not user friendly. Moreover, most of the WQMS developed is not suitable for agriculture purpose due to the usage of unsuitable sensors. Thus, an affordable, large coverage and user friendly wireless water quality monitoring system with suitable sensors is proposed to assist the authority effectively in maintaining the health of the natural water source around the area. Here, a low cost, large coverage and user friendly water quality monitoring system with multi sensor which is based on Wi Fi Technology is presented. The process of designing the system involves three main parts which are hardware development, software development and also wireless network process. For hardware development part, different types of sensor will be employed and the sensors will be integrated with microcontroller. As for the software development, a few programming software is integrated for data acquisition, processing and displaying. Finally, for the wireless network process, wireless network module is used to for data transmitting and receiving while website is used to display the obtained data.
Handbook of response to intervention the science and practice of multi tiered systems of support
Year: 2016

This is really going to save you time and your money in something should think about. If you're seeking then search around for online. Without a doubt there are several these available and a lot of them have the freedom. However no doubt you receive what you spend on. An alternate way to get ideas would be to check another handbook of response to intervention the science and practice of multi tiered systems of support.
Preemption in Tobacco Control: A Framework for Other Areas of Public Health.
Venue: American journal of public health
Year: 2020

Preemption when a higher level of government limits the authority of a lower level to enact new policies has been devastating to tobacco control. We developed a preemption framework based on this experience for anticipating and responding to the possibility of preemption in other public health areas. We analyzed peer reviewed literature, reports, and government documents pertaining to tobacco control preemption. We triangulated data and thematically analyzed them.Since the 1980s, tobacco companies have attempted to secure state preemption through front groups, lobbying key policymakers, inserting preemption into other legislation, and issuing legal threats and challenges. The tobacco control community responded by creating awareness of preemption through media advocacy, educating policymakers, mobilizing national collaborations, and expanding networks with the legal community. Ten of the 25 state smoke free preemption laws have been fully repealed. Repeal, however, took an average of 11 years.State preemption has been detrimental to tobacco control by dividing the health community, weakening local authority, chilling public education and debate, and slowing local policy diffusion. Health scholars, advocates, and policymakers should use the framework to anticipate and prevent industry use of preemption in other public health areas.