nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of anti SARS CoV 2 activity and intracellular metabolism of remdesivir and its parent nucleoside
Venue: Current Research in Pharmacology and Drug Discovery
Year: 2021

Remdesivir, a monophosphate prodrug of nucleoside analog GS 441524, is widely used for the treatment of moderate to severe COVID 19. It has been suggested to use GS 441524 instead of remdesivir in the clinic and in new inhalation formulations. Thus, we compared the anti SARS CoV 2 activity of remdesivir and GS 441524 in Vero E6, Vero CCL 81, Calu 3, Caco 2 cells, and anti HCoV OC43 activity in Huh 7 cells. We also compared the cellular pharmacology of these two compounds in Vero E6, Vero CCL 81, Calu 3, Caco 2, Huh 7, 293T, BHK 21, 3T3 and human airway epithelial (HAE) cells. Overall, remdesivir exhibited greater potency and superior intracellular metabolism than GS 441524 except in Vero E6 and Vero CCL 81 cells.
Influence of age, sex, body condition score, rectal temperature, anatomical location and hair on skin pH in dogs.
Venue: Veterinary dermatology
Year: 2021

Physiological skin pH levels are well documented in human medicine, and assessment of variations may be important in assessing the efficacy of wound healing. By contrast, physiological skin pH levels in dogs are sparsely described.  To determine the pH of intact skin in healthy dogs and to study the influence of different physiological factors on the pH level of canine skin.  Seventy seven client owned dogs of various breeds, age and sex.  A prospective study was designed and the pH of intact skin was measured at the concave surface of both pinnae, and in both axillary and inguinal regions. For each location, the colour and density of the hairs also was recorded. Each dog's rectal body temperature and body condition scores also were determined.  The skin pH in dogs <12 weeks of age was significantly lower (3.97 5.70) than in older dogs (4.40 8.18) (P 0.001) In dogs >12 weeks of age, skin pH was significantly lower in the inguinal regions compared to the pinnae (P 0.008) and female dogs had a significantly lower skin pH in the inguinal regions than male dogs (P 0.043) Pinnae covered with light coloured hair had a lower skin pH than those with dark coloured hair (P 0.04) No significant differences were found between dogs with different body condition scores, body temperatures or differences in hair density.  The pH of intact healthy skin is lower in puppies of <12 weeks of age. Regional differences of body location also were seen which were variably affected by hair colour and sex. A baseline assessment of skin pH in healthy dogs is important for future studies of disease and wound healing.
Ni apocalipticos ni integrados: medios audiovisuales en tres narradores del Sur de America
Year: 2007

La omnipresencia de la cultura audiovisual ha influido decisivamente en la reflexion teorica sobre la posmodernidad. En Jameson la virtualidad y los medios son elementos clave en la construccion del espacio y tiempo posmodernos, descritos por el mediante las metaforas del "pastiche" y la "esquizofrenia" Representar el espacio como "pastiche" supone conciliar elementos de culturas diversas y productos incluso catalogados como de mal gusto o kitsch, reciclarlos e incorporarlos como codigos del discurso artistico. El tiempo como "esquizofrenia" confiere al presente una relacion problematica con el pasado historico, que se percibe como un conjunto de presentes desconectados entre si. Para la sociedad actual se hace dificil elaborar una imagen global de su presente, de ahi que para Jameson la sensacion de realidad se este perdiendo ante la omnipresencia de infinidad de imagenes fragmentadas y contradictorias de lo real que saturan la capacidad de interpretacion de los sujetos y caen rapidamente en el olvido. Una idea similar desarrolla Baudrillard, para quien la "sociedad del espectaculo" con el desarrollo de los medios de comunicacion, deviene "sociedad de la ceremonia" la alienacion moderna, en "extasis de la comunicacion" convirtiendo la realidad en un simulacro que se propone obscenamente como mas real que lo real (El otro) Para Baudrillard la realidad se anula en un vanishing point (punto de desvanecimiento) con su transformacion en "imagenes en tiempo real" (La ilusion) Solo percibimos el simulacro que ha llegado a suplantar a lo real mismo. Las novelas que vamos a analizar Suenos digitales (2000) de Edmundo Paz Soldan, Caras extranas (2001) de Rafael Courtoisie y La mendiga (1998) de Cesar Aira promueven un concepto de real que poco tiene que ver con las categorias del realismo tradicional, jugando en todas ellas un papel central las tecnologias de la informacion y la comunicacion en sus diversas realizaciones: lo melodramatico televisivo, el videoclip, las computadoras como extensiones del cuerpo humano, el grotesco tecnologico del comic o los dibujos animados, la disolucion de fronteras entre lo virtual y lo real, la digitalizacion fotografica, el ciberespacio o los videogames, forman una parte central de sus propuestas. El concepto de "real" que construyen los textos analizados cuestiona decididamente el verosimil realista convirtiendose en la mejor descripcion de la perdida de densidad de la
A New Method for Image Super Resolution
Year: 2020

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that it is possible to reconstruct coherent human faces from very degraded pixelated images with a very fast algorithm, more faster than compressed sensing (CS) algorithm, easier to compute and without deep learning, so without important information technology resources, i.e. a large database of thousands training images (see https:/arxiv.org/pdf/2003.13063.pdf) This technological breakthrough has been patented in 2018 with the demand of french patent FR 1855485 (https:/patents.google.com/patent/FR3082980A1) The Face Super Resolution (FSR) has many interests, in particular in a remote surveillance context which already exists in China but which can be a reality in USA and European countries. Today, deep learning methods and artificial intelligence (AI) appears in this context but these methods are difficult to put in their systems because of the need of important data. The demand of chinese patent CN107563965 and the scientist publication "Pixel Recursive Super Resolution" R. Dahl, M. Norouzi, J. Shlens propose such methods (see https:/arxiv.org/pdf/1702.00783.pdf) In this context, this new method could help governments, institutions and enterprises to accelerate the generalisation of automatic facial identification and to earn time for reconstruction process in industrial steps such as terahertz imaging, medical imaging or spatial imaging.
Creating a Natural Logic Inference System with Combinatory Categorial Grammar
Year: 2008

This dissertation presents an integrated system for producing Natural Logic inferences, which are used in a wide variety of natural language understanding tasks. Natural Logic is the process of creating valid inferences by making incremental edits to natural language expressions with respect to a universal monotonicity calculus, without resorting to logical representation of the expressions (using First Order Logic for instance) The system generates inferences from surface forms using a three stage process. First, each sentence is subjected to syntactic analysis, using a purpose built syntactic parser. Then the rules of the monotonicity calculus are applied, specifying the directionality of entailment for each sentence constituents. A constituent can be either upward or downward entailing, meaning that we may replace it with a semantically broader or narrower term. Finally, we can find all suitable replacement terms for each target word by using the WordNet lexical database, which contains hypernymic and hyponymic relations. Using Combinatory Categorial Grammar, we were able to incorporate the monotonicity determination step in the syntactic derivation process. In order to achieve wide coverage over English sentences we had to introduce statistical models into our syntactic parser. At the current stage we have implemented a simple statistical model similar to those of Probabilistic Context Free Grammars. The system is intended to provide input to "deep" reasoning engines, used for higher level Natural Language Processing applications such as Recognising Textual Entailment. In addition to independently evaluating each component of the system, we present our comprehensive findings using Cyc, a large scale knowledge base, and we outline a solution for its relatively limited concept coverage.
Microwaves Probe Dipole Blockade and van der Waals Forces in a Cold Rydberg Gas.
Venue: Physical review letters
Year: 2015

We show that microwave spectroscopy of a dense Rydberg gas trapped on a superconducting atom chip in the dipole blockade regime reveals directly the dipole dipole many body interaction energy spectrum. We use this method to investigate the expansion of the Rydberg cloud under the effect of repulsive van der Waals forces and the breakdown of the frozen gas approximation. This study opens a promising route for quantum simulation of many body systems and quantum information transport in chains of strongly interacting Rydberg atoms.
Goal setting intervention in patients with active asthma: protocol for a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial
Venue: Trials
Year: 2013

BackgroundSupporting self management behaviours is recommended guidance for people with asthma. Preliminary work suggests that a brief, intensive, patient centred intervention may be successful in supporting people with asthma to participate in life roles and activities they value. We seek to assess the feasibility of undertaking a cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) of a brief, goal setting intervention delivered in the context of an asthma review consultation.designA two armed, single blinded, multi centre, cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial will be conducted in UK primary care. Randomisation will take place at the practice level. We aim to recruit a total of 80 primary care patients with active asthma from at least eight practices across two health boards in Scotland (10 patients per practice resulting in ~40 in each arm) Patients in the intervention arm will be asked to complete a novel goal setting tool immediately prior to an asthma review consultation. This will be used to underpin a focussed discussion about their goals during the asthma review. A tailored management plan will then be negotiated to facilitate achieving their prioritised goals. Patients in the control arm will receive a usual care guideline based review of asthma. Data on quality of life, asthma control and patient confidence will be collected from both arms at baseline and 3 and 6 months post intervention. Data on health services resource use will be collected from all patient records 6 months pre and post intervention. Semi structured interviews will be carried out with healthcare staff and a purposive sample of patients to elicit their views and experiences of the trial. The outcomes of interest in this feasibility trial are the ability to recruit patients and healthcare staff, the optimal method of delivering the intervention within routine clinical practice, and acceptability and perceived utility of the intervention among patients and staff.
Fabrication of functional 3D multi level microstructures on transparent substrates by one step back side UV photolithography
Year: 2017

This paper describes simple photolithography based methods to fabricate multi level three dimensional (3D) microstructures without repeated processes using flexible and transparent film substrates such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) When using a thin transparent film substrate, propagation of UV can be assumed to be near field diffraction where wave property is more dominant than particle property. Using this phenomena, we patterned multi level 3D SU 8 microstructures such as master molds for microfluidic neuron culture devices. PET film is compatible with SU 8 photoresist processing steps and exhibited good adhesion with patterned structures that were stable for more than 50 replica moldings. Advantages of the suggested method using PET are (1) simplified and faster fabrication of 3D structures with tunable thickness, (2) no requirement for mask alignment and repeated processes in fabricating multilayer structure, and (3) economical process with substrates that are ~1000 times cheaper than Si wafers. To use PET based molds for soft lithography, we have designed an isothermal curing jig for replica molding with PDMS. Use of the PET substrate combined with back side exposure can dramatically reduce fabrication time and cost. We believe that PET films can replace expensive Si based wafers for soft lithography master fabrication. Furthermore, they can be applied to the fabrication of microfluidic devices and complex multi level high aspect ratio structures as an alternative to conventional photolithography.
Depistage neonatal du deficit en glucose 6 phosphate deshydrogenase (G6PD) en Mauritanie
Venue: The Pan African Medical Journal
Year: 2018

Une etude transversale et descriptive qui vise l'identification des facteurs de risques associes au deficit en G6PD, sa frequence et sa distribution geographique a Nouakchott dans l'objectif de fournir des informations utiles pour le controler. Comme cette maladie n'a jamais ete etudiee auparavant en Mauritanie, nous avons cherche a definir le profil epidemiologique et la charge de morbidite du deficit en G6PD chez une population de nouveaux nes dans deux structures de sante de la ville de Nouakchott. Methodes Cette etude a ete conduite dans deux hopitaux de Nouakchott, le Centre Hospitalier Mere Enfant et le Centre de Sante de Sebkha entre (Aout Octobre, 2015) Elle a concerne un echantillon de 523 nouveau nes de sexes differents. Le depistage a ete fait a laide de BinaxNow G6PD Test, suivi d'une confirmation quantitative pour les cas positifs. L'analyse statistique a ete realisee par SPSS20. Resultats Le deficit en G6PD etait plus eleve chez les nouveau nes de sexe masculin (15% vs 7% P 0,007) et particulierement chez les enfants d'ethnie noire (15% vs 8 P 0,001) La prevalence du phenotype deficient en G6PD dans la population etudiee est 11,09% (58/523)  La presente etude est, a notre connaissance, la premiere de son genre sur le deficit en G6PD chez la population mauritanienne. Elle fournit des informations importantes sur le caractere epidemiologique du deficit en G6PD dans la region de Nouakchott. Elle releve une variabilite dans l'apparition de G6PD au niveau des groupes ethniques.
Leitourgikes kai gonidiomatikes meletes epi tes apoadenulioses: o rolos tou gonidiou PNLDC1
Year: 2016

Gene expression in eukaryotes is controlled in many levels including mRNA translation and decay. Both translation and mRNA stability are in general controlled by modulation of the mRNA's poly(A) tail length. In the majority of the mRNAs, degradation also begins with the shortening of the poly(A) tail and subsequent degradation by the cytoplasmic exosome in a 3' 5' direction or by removal of the 5' cap structure by a decapping enzyme. Shortening of poly(A) (termed deadenylation) is carried out by a variety of 3' 5' exoribonucleases known as deadenylases. Deadenylases are Mg2+ dependent 3' 5' exoribonucleases that belong to one of two superfamilies, the DEDD type or the exonuclease endonuclease phosphatase (EEP) type. DEDD type nucleases contain three conserved Asp and one Glu residue, which form the active site and coordinate the Mg2+ that support enzymatic activity. E omada aute perilambanei ten POP2, ten CAF1Z, ten PAN2 kai ten poly(A) specific ribonuclease (PARN) This group includes POP2, CAF1Z, PAN2 and poly(A) specific ribonuclease (PARN) Herein we study the gene PNLDC1 that has been found to encode a novel deadenylase that is present in higher eukaryotes. PNLDC1 promoter is methylated whereas demethylation led to detectable expression in HEK293 cells. Both PNLDC1 isoforms that are produced through alternative splicing were studied. The biochemical characterization results showed similar activity and specificity with PARN, whereas both isoforms are located in the cytoplasm and mainly in the ER. Studies on the genes expression in various mouse tissue types, as well as cell lines revealed major expression of Pnldc1 in embryonic stem cells and gametes indicating a possible role during development. Silencing of the gene in mouse embryonic stem cells showed a deregulation of major pluripotency and differentiation factors. This observation indicates a central role during early development. In silico analyses through homology modeling and molecular dynamic simulation showed that PNLDC1 has a similar active site with the DEDD deadenylases and is a new member of the mRNA surveillance and turnover repertoire. The fact that it exhibits strict epigenetic regulation, and specific subcellular localization is remarkable and has elusive so far physiological role which is currently under investigation. Regulation of mRNAs fate by deadenylation is critical for many biological processes including cell cycle, cellular response, oogenesis, spermatogenesis, early development and differentiation. Moreover, miRNA interference can trigger translational repression and mRNA degradation through deadenylation, emphasizing the unique role of this process in post transcriptional gene silencing.
Meiofauna reduces bacterial mineralization of naphthalene in marine sediment
Venue: The ISME Journal
Year: 2010

The role of sediment living meiofauna, benthic invertebrates smaller than 1000 mm such as nematodes and ostracods, on the mineralization of naphthalene, a common polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in marine sediments, was studied in microcosms using radiorespirometry. A method to extract live meiofauna was developed and used in order to experimentally manipulate meiofauna abundance and group diversity. Higher abundances of meiofauna were found to significantly decrease naphthalene mineralization. Furthermore, a change in the bacterial community composition (studied using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism) was also observed in presence of higher meiofauna abundance, as well as a lower number of cultivable naphthalene degrading bacteria. The reduced mineralization of naphthalene and the altered bacterial community composition in the presence of increased meiofauna abundance is likely the result of top down control by meiofauna. This study shows that higher abundances of meiofauna can significantly decrease the microbial mineralization of PAHs such as naphthalene and also significantly modify the bacterial community composition in natural marine sediments.
Sport Performance Structure in Female Pole Vault from the Point of View of Physical Activity Kinematic Parameters
Year: 2017

This research is oriented at explanation of sport performance by angle, speed, time and space char acteristics of centre of gravity, positions of body, extremities and pole during approach, take off and jump realization in female pole vault. Kinematic parameters were gained by two dimension analyser Consport Motion Analysis System (CMAS) There are involved 19 female pole vault jumpers with sport performance 408.1 490.5 cm (average result 431.2 cm) From the point of biomechanical movement activity analyse we consider as a more objective performance criterion (dependent variable) maximal centre of gravity height that were reached at valid attempts by female pole vault jumpers. By two dimension (2 D) analyse of group of female pole vault jumpers there were revealed 76 independent variables that entered into process of multiple correlation and regression analysis. On 1st sport structure performance factor level we isolated two complex parameters absolute grip and standing over by which we can explain dependent variable maximal centre of gravity height on 100% With stated proceeding we could separate seven factors on 2nd level. Three of the parameters horizontal speed of centre of gravity at moment of take off end, centre of gravity height at moment of take off end and operating angle during take off are bound with explanation of absolute grip variable. Four others parameters vertical speed of centre of gravity at the end of pull with turn, centre of gravity height at moment of end of lifting, time duration of take off and climb angle explain standing over. 14 more factors are found on 3rd sport structure performance level. Thus we succeeded in this process to reduce number of decisive variables with their mutual relationships and hierarchy. Transparent and simplified model of female pole vault sport performance structure enables to coaches and jumpers improve technical training.
NASA's Space Launch System: Systems Engineering Approach for Affordability and Mission Success
Year: 2017

NASA is working toward the first launch of the Space Launch System, a new, unmatched capability for deep space exploration with launch readiness planned for 2019. Since program start in 2011, SLS has passed several major formal design milestones, and every major element of the vehicle has produced test and flight hardware. The SLS approach to systems engineering has been key to the program's success. Key aspects of the SLS SE&I approach include: 1) minimizing the number of requirements, 2) elimination of explicit verification requirements, 3) use of certified models of subsystem capability in lieu of requirements when appropriate and 4) certification of capability beyond minimum required capability.
Meningkatkan Harkat Martabat dan Derajat manusia Didalam Peradaban dan solusinya
Year: 2011

Meningkatkan harkat martabat dan derajat manusia memang tidak lah semudah yang selula kita pikirkan karena hal itu bersifat individual. Oleh sebab itu penyusun memeilih solusi dengan peran Ilmu Teknologi (IPTEK) dalam meningkatkan harkat martabat dan derajat (kesejahtaraan) manusia.Seperti yang kita ketahui,teknologi kini telah terikat kuat di dalam kehidupan kita dari kalangan atas hingga menengah ke bawah. Dimana upaya tersebut merupakan cara untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan dan peningkatan harkat martabat manusia.Dengan pemberian Anugerah Nya, manusia menggunakan akal pikiran untuk mengembangkan IPTEK guna mengolah sumber daya alam yang telah tersedia. Namun dalam pengembangannya, manusia harus mengikuti aturan yang tidak berbanding terbalik oleh aturan Pencipta Nya. Begitu juga diharapkan SDM nya bisa lebih baik lagi,apalagi banyak kemudahan yang kita dapatkan. Realita yang sekarang kita hadapi adalah dengan berkembangnya IPTEK untuk mempermudah kegiatan kita, semakin mencetak sifat malas kita,Dibidang komunikasi, perkembangan IPTEK maju cukup pesat. Tetapi pelaksanaan pembangunan IPTEK masih belum merata. Masih banyak masyarakat kurang mampu yang putus harapannya untuk mendapatkan pengetahuan dan teknologi tersebut.Hal itu dikarenakan tingginya biaya pendidikan yang harus mereka tanggung.Maka dari itu,pemerintah perlu menyikapi dan menanggapimasalah masalah tersebut, agar peranan IPTEK dapat bertujuan untuk meningkatkan Sumber Daya Manusia yang ada.