nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Addressing Adversarial Attacks Against Security Systems Based on Machine Learning
Venue: 2019 11th International Conference on Cyber Conflict (CyCon)
Year: 2019

Machine learning solutions are successfully adopted in multiple contexts but the application of these techniques to the cyber security domain is complex and still immature. Among the many open issues that affect security systems based on machine learning, we concentrate on adversarial attacks that aim to affect the detection and prediction capabilities of machine learning models. We consider realistic types of poisoning and evasion attacks targeting security solutions devoted to malware, spam and network intrusion detection. We explore the possible damages that an attacker can cause to a cyber detector and present some existing and original defensive techniques in the context of intrusion detection systems. This paper contains several performance evaluations that are based on extensive experiments using large traffic datasets. The results highlight that modern adversarial attacks are highly effective against machine learning classifiers for cyber detection, and that existing solutions require improvements in several directions. The paper paves the way for more robust machine learning based techniques that can be integrated into cyber security platforms.
Introduction: Contextualizing Mobile Language Learning in Japan
Year: 2017

This chapter first introduces the organization of the whole book and its genesis in the collaboration of the authors at an international applied linguistics conference. The first section also touches upon the variety of universities represented, and how the case study chapters follow a similar structure. Next, mobile assisted language learning (MALL) is defined within e learning and technology assisted language learning (TELL) fields by contextualizing MALL into cultural, disciplinary, and historical dimensions. Then the development of MALL in Japan is traced from the mobile Internet, about which little has been published, to the early mobile phone stage and recent smartphone and tablet era, through a literature review. Data on Japanese infant use of handheld devices lastly provide a glimpse of the future.
GitBull: Source code hosting web application
Venue: 2015 IEEE Jordan Conference on Applied Electrical Engineering and Computing Technologies (AEECT)
Year: 2015

This paper presents GitBull tool as a source code hosting Web application tailored for the university ecosystem. GitBull introduces the ideology of open source software development. The main aim of GitBull is to fill the gap between how students work on software development projects in university and how software is being developed in the work environment. GitBull helps students use source code versioning and collaboration tools, and reduce their learning curve when they enter the work environment. Students using GitBull and learning the Git source code versioning tool should be more prepared for the professional work environment. The application complements the Git source code versioning tool, by adding a visual user interface to some aspects while introducing some collaboration enhancement tools like the Issue Tracker and the Pull Request feature.
Efek Ekstrak Air Buah Pepaya (Carica papaya L. Muda terhadap Gambaran Histologi Kelenjar Mamma Mencit Laktasi
Year: 2011

Air susu ibu (ASI) merupakan makanan terbaik bagi bayi. Menurut Survei Kesehatan Rumah Tangga tahun 2005,ASI eksklusif di perkotaan 4 12% dan pedesaan 4 5% Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak air buah pepaya muda Carica papaya L. terhadap gambaran histologi kelenjar mamma laktasi. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Farmakologi Klinik Unpad dan laboratorium Unit Penelitian Kesehatan RS Dr. Hasan Sadikin pada bulan Juli September 2009. Penelitian merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium terhadap 21 ekor induk mencit laktasi galur Swiss Webster, diacak menjadi 3 kelompok (n=7) dengan jumlah anak 10 ekor/induk. Kelompok I merupakan kontrol negatif. Kelompok II diberikan luteotropin 6 mg/30 g BB/hari per oral (p.o. dan kelompok III diberikan sediaan uji 20 mg/30 g BB/hari (p.o. Peningkatan produksi air susu diketahui melalui peningkatan jumlah dan diameter rata rata alveoli kelenjar mamma laktasi. Perlakuan diberikan pada hari ke 4 hingga ke 16 masa menyusui. Hasil dianalisis dengan uji analysis of variance (ANOVA) dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian terhadap jumlah alveoli kelompok I: 310,57+ 30,16; kelompok II: 464,42+ 25,83 dan kelompok III: 465,14+ 72,41. Diameter alveoli kelenjar mamma laktasi kelompok I, II, dan III berturut turut sebesar 296,50+ 21,27 m; 394,57+ 53,97 m; dan 384,29+ 40,40 m. Simpulan bahwa ekstrak air buah pepaya muda memberikan efek lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif dan sebanding dengan luteotropin dalam meningkatkan jumlah dan diameter alveoli rata rata kelenjar mamma laktasi.  A laboratorium experimental study conducted to 21 lactating Swiss Webster mice with 10 babies each. They were divided randomly into 3 groups (n=7) Group I was negative control. Group II: luteotropin 6 mg/30 g BW/day (per oral) and group III: unripe papaya aqueous extract 20 mg/30 g BW/day (per oral) Increased milk production was measured by average lactating mammary glands alveolar amounts and diameter count. Experiment started at 4th 16th lactation day. The result was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey test. The average of alveolar amounts of group I, II and III, were 310.57+ 30.16, 464.42+ 25.83, and 465.14+ 72.41, respectively. The average lactating mamary glands alveolar diameter of group I: 296.50+ 21.27 m, group II: 394.57+ 53.97 m and group III: 384.29+ 40.40 m. Research showed that unripe papaya aqueous extract has better than negative control and equivalent effect with luteotropin on lactating mammary glands histological appearance.  Carica papaya L. histological mammary glands, milk production DOI: http:/dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v43n4.63
Innovation during crisis: exploring reaction of Swedish university libraries to COVID 19
Venue: Digit. Libr. Perspect.
Year: 2020

While universities are using more digital tools such as learning management systems (canvas, blackboard, etc) or massive open online courses (MOOCS) such as MIT, OpenCourseWare, edX, Coursera, digitalization has also influenced university libraries Digital services of academic libraries need exploration on how they provide digital services and how they respond to COVID 19 Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore and map digital services of academic libraries and their response to COVID 19 in Sweden Design/methodology/approach Qualitative research approach is used in this study Through a Web search, data was gathered from all 39 universities in Sweden through two means: visiting university and their respective library websites;examination of other documents provided by the university such as press releases, announcements Evaluation of the content and digital services and libraries response to COVID 19 is conducted by thematic coding Findings In response to the ongoing COVID 19 spread, a general trend seen among all is limited working hours, shutting down physical libraries for general public, unmanning operations All 39 number of universities in Sweden have moved their offerings toward using online tools The main themes that have been identified from our study are as follows: Availability of Information, Accessibility of resources, Collaboration with other actors, Increased use of existing services, motivation and support to practice social distancing Research limitations/implications Owing to the limitations of COVID 19 conditions, time and other aspects, there was not any opportunity to visit the university libraries or book time to interview librarians or students, which led to limited level and imperfect research There are many other activities that university libraries are offering to their employees and using their internal newsletters and email groups to reach their audience;as a result, some of digital services that are offered during COVID 19 might have not been noticed Practical implications These findings can provide base to other universities on how to react to COVID 19 and bring more discussion Social implications COVID 19 has big social impact on people The findings present that libraries can go beyond their responsibilities and provide emotional and psychological support the community towards social distancing such as videos, social online meetings, live video workshops  The findings from this study call for a review digital services of academic libraries and their response to COVID 19 in Sweden, so that best reactions and services could be understood
Time Resolved Measurements of Indoor Chemical Emissions, Deposition, and Reactions in a University Art Museum.
Venue: Environmental science technology
Year: 2019

A 6 week study was conducted at the University of Colorado Art Museum, during which volatile organic compounds (VOCs) carbon dioxide (CO2) ozone (O3) nitric oxide (NO) nitrogen dioxide (NO2) other trace gases, and submicron aerosol were measured continuously. These measurements were then analyzed using a box model to quantify the rates of major processes that transformed the composition of the air. VOC emission factors were quantified for museum occupants and their activities. The deposition of VOCs to surfaces was quantified across a range of VOC saturation vapor concentrations C* and Henry's Law constants H) and determined to be a major sink for VOCs with C* 108 mg m 3 and H 102 M atm 1. The reaction rates of VOCs with O3, OH radicals, and nitrate (NO3) radicals were quantified, with unsaturated and saturated VOCs having oxidation lifetimes of >5 and >15 h, making deposition to surfaces and ventilation the dominant VOC sinks in the museum. O3 loss rates were quantified inside a museum gallery, where reactions with surfaces, NO, occupants, and NO2 accounted for 62% 31% 5% and 2% of the O3 sink. The measured concentrations of acetic acid, formic acid, NO2, O3, particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, and total VOCs were below the guidelines for museums.
Emergence of Benford's Law in Music
Year: 2018

We analyzed a large selection of classical musical pieces composed by Bach, Beethoven, Mozart, Schubert and Tchaikovsky, and found a surprising connection with mathematics. For each composer, we extracted the time intervals each note was played in each piece and found that the corresponding data sets are Benford distributed. Remarkably, the logarithmic distribution is present not only for the leading digits, but also for all digits.
Search for invisible modes of nucleon decay in water with the SNO+ detector
Venue: Physical Review D
Year: 2019

This paper reports results from a search for nucleon decay through invisible modes, where no visible energy is directly deposited during the decay itself, during the initial water phase of SNO+ However, such decays within the oxygen nucleus would produce an excited daughter that would subsequently deexcite, often emitting detectable gamma rays. A search for such gamma rays yields limits of 2.5x1029 y at 90% Bayesian credibility level (with a prior uniform in rate) for the partial lifetime of the neutron, and 3.6x1029 y for the partial lifetime of the proton, the latter a 70% improvement on the previous limit from SNO. We also present partial lifetime limits for invisible dinucleon modes of 1.3x1028 y for nn, 2.6x1028 y for pn and 4.7x1028 y for pp, an improvement over existing limits by close to 3 orders of magnitude for the latter two.
A protocol for modeling and tracking engineering design process through structural complexity metrics applied against communication networks
Venue: Concurr. Eng. Res. Appl.
Year: 2017

A protocol for tracking the interconnection of design communication elements as a mixed temporal hypergraph network which evolves in real time is presented here. The protocol uses email and limited human reporting data to develop the time stamped connections of the network. At any time, this network, or a filtered subset, may be subjected to an analysis of graph and network complexity properties. The response of these properties may then be correlated to either events, such as design stages, or performance metrics, such as designer effort. This approach is applied to emails generated in the course of an undergraduate mechanical engineering senior design project demonstrating an ability to identify member roles, work schedules, and project phase changes from the network properties.
Vote Buying and Improving Electoral Processes in Nigeria
Year: 2018

The phenomenon of vote buying selling is an electoral malpractices that subverts the integrity of the electoral process with is the very means by which a society democratically translates human rights to political participation (section 14(2) (a) 1999 const. into a corrupt free (section 15(5) an orderly, efficient and reliable process in whose legitimacy all Stakeholders: Political parties, candidates, aspirants and voters can have confidence. Apart from the commonly cited contributory factors of poverty, illiteracy/ignorance, and growing youth unemployment responsible for the sustenance of phenomenon of vote buying in Nigeria, there are more fundamental attitudinal problems on the part of both the electorates and political parties/candidates/aspirants/interest groups that need to be urgently addressed.
Monitoring analysis of influence of extra large complex deep foundation pit on adjacent environment: a case study of Zhengzhou City, China
Year: 2020

Extra large complex deep foundation pit excavation has an impact on the surrounding environment. The deformation characteristics of deep foundation pits were investigated during excavation, according to the temporal and spatial variations in displacement, using long term on site displacement monitoring. The results show that the deformation characteristics of the supporting structure and surrounding buildings can be divided into four stages: earth excavation, cushion construction, internal support removal and cushion completion. In the stages of earthwork excavation and support removal, the settlement deformation of the supporting pile roof, lattice column and adjacent ground is large, and cushion construction has a weakening effect on foundation pit deformation. In the stages of earthwork excavation, cushion construction and internal support removal, the nonuniform settlement between adjacent lattice columns increases the lattice column deformation, and the deformation of the foundation pit tends to be stable after the completion of the internal support. The foundation pit excavation mainly affects the settlement deformation of the adjacent pipe gallery, and its deformation increases rapidly in the early stage of earthwork excavation. Moreover, the influence degree of foundation pit excavation on the surrounding environment decreases with increasing distance from the excavation area.
Chrysin Alleviates Monocrotaline induced Pulmonary Hypertension (MCTPH) in Rats via Regulation of Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs)
Venue: Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
Year: 2020

Chrysin (CH) is the main ingredient of many medicinal plants. Our previous study showed that CH could suppress hypoxia induced PASMC proliferation and alleviate chronic hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension (CHPH) by targeting SOCE [Ca]i pathway. In this study, we investigated the effect of CH on MCT induced pulmonary hypertension (MCTPH) and the mechanism behnd it. Results show that, in MCTPH model rats, 1) CH significantly reduced the enhancement of right ventricular pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, and pulmonary vascular remodeling; 2) CH markedly suppressed the promotion of SOCE and [Ca]i in PASMCs and 3) CH obviously inhibited the MCT upregulated PCNA, TRPC1, TRPC4 and TRPC6 expression in distal pulmonary arteries. These results demonstrate that CH likely alleviates MCTPH by targeting TRPC1,4,6 SOCE [Ca]i pathway.
Photoacoustic/ultrasonic dual modality endoscope with a spherical hollow PVDF based transducer
Venue: BiOS
Year: 2021

Dual modality photoacoustic/ultrasonic endoscopy has shown to be effective in the identification and staging of colorectal intramural tumors. In this study, we proposed a dual modality endoscope with a spherical hollow PVDF based transducer, which achieves center frequency of 34 MHz and 6 dB bandwidth of 15 60 MHz. The PVDF based transducer will enable the system to achieve a large radial imaging range of more than 1 cm. In vivo imaging of the rabbit rectum proved that the dual modality endoscope has the ability to perform the tissue stratification of the intestinal wall and the high resolution visualization of the intestinal wall vascular network.
Drought Disrupts Auxin Localization in Abscission Zone and Modifies Cell Wall Structure Leading to Flower Separation in Yellow Lupine
Venue: International journal of molecular sciences
Year: 2020

Drought causes the excessive abscission of flowers in yellow lupine, leading to yield loss and serious economic consequences in agriculture. The structure that determines the time of flower shedding is the abscission zone (AZ) Its functioning depends on the undisturbed auxin movement from the flower to the stem. However, little is known about the mechanism guiding cell cell adhesion directly in an AZ under water deficit. Therefore, here, we seek a fuller understanding of drought dependent reactions and check the hypothesis that water limitation in soil disturbs the natural auxin balance within the AZ and, in this way, modifies the cell wall structure, leading to flower separation. Our strategy combined microscopic, biochemical, and chromatography approaches. We show that drought affects indole 3 acetic acid (IAA) distribution and evokes cellular changes, indicating AZ activation and flower abortion. Drought action was manifested by the accumulation of proline in the AZ. Moreover, cell wall related modifications in response to drought are associated with reorganization of methylated homogalacturonans (HG) in the AZ, and upregulation of pectin methylesterase (PME) and polygalacturonase (PG) enzymes responsible for pectin remodeling. Another symptom of stress action is the accumulation of hemicelluloses. Our data provide new insights into cell wall remodeling events during drought induced flower abscission, which is relevant to control plant production.
Analisis Kemampuan Daya Dukung Lahan Menggunakan Carring Capacity Ratio (CCR) di Kabupaten Dompu
Venue: Jurnal Planoearth
Year: 2019

Penelitian daya dukung lahan ini diilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan daya dukung pertanian terhadap lingkungannya. Jenis penelitina ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuntitatif dengan menggunakan analisis carrying capacity ratio. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sector pertanian mampu mendukung pertumbuhan daerah serta memenuhi kebutuhan pokok penduduk di Kabupaten Dompu. Empat kecamatan mempunyai nilai CCR mendekati anggka 1, yaitu Kecamatan Woja, Kecamatan Kilo, Kecamaan Kempo dan Kecamatan Pekat yang artinnya bahwa lahan pertanian yang ada di setiap kecamatan tersebut memiliki daya dukung yang cukup tinggi terhadap aktifitas pembangunan seperti Kecamaan dengan nilai rasio daya dukung 1,7 yang berarti bahwa di setiap rumah tangga biasa memiliki lahan seluas 1,7 ha, artinya lebih besar 0,83 ha dari luas lahan rata rata yang dimiliki oleh setiap rumah tangga petani. Kecamatan manggelewa memiliki rasio daya dukung sama dengan 1 =1) yang berarti kecamatan tersebut masih memiliki keseimbangan antara kemampuan lahan dari jumlah penduduknya
Brain tumour stem cells
Venue: Nature Reviews Cancer
Year: 2006

The dogma that the genesis of new cells is a negligible event in the adult mammalian brain has long influenced our perception and understanding of the origin and development of CNS tumours. The discovery that new neurons and glia are produced throughout life from neural stem cells provides new possibilities for the candidate cells of origin of CNS neoplasias. The emerging hypothesis is that alterations in the cellular and genetic mechanisms that control adult neurogenesis might contribute to brain tumorigenesis, thereby allowing the identification of new therapeutic strategies.
Multi Level Log XES format: A RAMI4.0 Perspective
Venue: 2019 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC)
Year: 2019

In a productive system, are found several types of problems that directly affect the productivity, the quality and the final price of a certain product. Process mining presents itself as a promising technique to support analysis and problem solving. The present work has the objective of proposing an event log model capable of contemplating the different levels of hierarchy in which a manufacturing system is implemented, so that it is possible to use process mining as a support tool for the analysis and resolution of multi level problems. A preliminary study was carried out in order to categorize the work related to the application of process mining in the industrial context as the basis of the RAMI4.0 model, in order to extract information regarding the types of problems related to the different levels of granularity, as well as the necessary information to solve them. In this way, a log model based on the XES standard capable of including the information of different levels of granularity was proposed. Through this model, a simulated log was generated contemplating three different levels of hierarchy, where, with the application of process mining, it was possible to attest that the proposed event log model assists in the resolution of problems in the industrial context, which require a larger volume of information that may not be available at the same granularity level.
Ensemble Learning For Machine Comprehension Bidirectional Attention Flow Models
Year: 2017

In this paper, we will explore machine comprehension in Stanford Question and Answering Dataset using ensembled deep recurrent neural networks with bi directional attention flow. Given a context paragraph, we attempt to answer a query related to the context paragraph. This requires use to not only generate knowledge representation for each question and paragraph, but also create mechanisms that explore attention between the questions and paragraphs. In this paper, we use bi directional attention flow networks that use bi directional long short term memory recurrent neural networks to help represent the context, the questions and their interactions at multiple levels of granularity. Our best ensemble model achieves 63.748 F1 and 52.507 EM scores on the development set and 64.41 F1 and 53.498 EM scores on the test set, all published on CodaLab.
Simulations of large acoustic scintillations in the straits of Florida.
Venue: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Year: 2006

Using a full wave acoustic model, Monte Carlo numerical studies of intensity fluctuations in a realistic shallow water environment that simulates the Straits of Florida, including internal wave fluctuations and bottom roughness, have been performed. Results show that the sound intensity at distant receivers scintillates dramatically. The acoustic scintillation index SI increases rapidly with propagation range and is significantly greater than unity at ranges beyond about 10 km. This result supports a theoretical prediction by one of the authors. Statistical analyses show that the distribution of intensity of the random wave field saturates to the expected Rayleigh distribution with SI= 1 at short range due to multipath interference effects, and then SI continues to increase to large values. This effect, which is denoted supersaturation, is universal at long ranges in waveguides having lossy boundaries (where there is differential mode attenuation) The intensity distribution approaches a log normal distribution to an excellent approximation; it may not be a universal distribution and comparison is also made to a K distribution. The long tails of the log normal distribution cause "acoustic intermittency" in which very high, but rare, intensities occur.