nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
msl2 mRNA is bound by free nuclear MSL complex in Drosophila melanogaster
Venue: Nucleic acids research
Year: 2011

In Drosophila, the global increase in transcription from the male X chromosome to compensate for its monosomy is mediated by the male specific lethal (MSL) complex consisting of five proteins and two non coding RNAs, roX1 and roX2. After an initial sequence dependent recognition by the MSL complex of 150 300 high affinity sites, the spread to the majority of the X linked genes depends on local MSL complex concentration and active transcription. We have explored whether any additional RNA species are associated with the MSL complex. No additional roX RNA species were found, but a strong association was found between a spliced and poly adenylated msl2 RNA and the MSL complex. Based on our results, we propose a model in which a non chromatin associated partial or complete MSL complex titrates newly transcribed msl2 mRNA and thus regulates the amount of available MSL complex by feedback. This represents a novel mechanism in chromatin structure regulation.
Li Fi Communication using OFDM Visual Light Communications
Year: 2020

In this paper wireless communication using white, high brightness LEDs (light emitting diodes) is considered. In particular, the use of OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) for intensity modulation is investigated. Li FI have a unique modulation technique called single carrier techniques multi carrier techniques and color modulation techniques. Modulation techniques are as On Off keying, Pulse width Modulation, Pulse Amplitude Modulation, Orthogonal Frequency Division Modulation and alternative digital modulation technique are summarized. Simulation is the imitation of the operation of a real world methodology. The act of simulating requires that a model be developed and simulates the operation of the system over time. This paper tends to analyze the single carrier modulation techniques such as BPSK, QAM, and also tends to provide information on digital modulation technique parameters as Bit Error Rate, and its Performance.  QPSK QAM ;BER.
Design of Robust Repetitive Control With Time Varying Sampling Periods
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
Year: 2014

This paper proposes the design of robust repetitive control with time varying sampling periods. First, it develops a new frequency domain method to design a low order, stable, robust, and causal IIR repetitive compensator using an optimization method to achieve fast convergence and high tracking accuracy. As such, a new stable and causal repetitive controller can be implemented independently to reduce the design complexity. The comprehensive analysis and comparison study are presented. Then, this paper extends the method to design a robust repetitive controller, which compensates time varying periodic signals in a known range. A complete series of experiments is successfully carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Sleep duration predicts cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta analysis of prospective studies.
Venue: European heart journal
Year: 2011

To assess the relationship between duration of sleep and morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) stroke, and total cardiovascular disease (CVD) Methods and results We performed a systematic search of publications using MEDLINE (1966 2009) EMBASE (from 1980) the Cochrane Library, and manual searches without language restrictions. Studies were included if they were prospective, follow up >3 years, had duration of sleep at baseline, and incident cases of CHD, stroke, or CVD. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using a random effect model. Overall, 15 studies (24 cohort samples) included 474 684 male and female participants (follow up 6.9 25 years) and 16 067 events (4169 for CHD, 3478 for stroke, and 8420 for total CVD) Sleep duration was assessed by questionnaire and incident cases through certification and event registers. Short duration of sleep was associated with a greater risk of developing or dying of CHD (RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.22 1.80, P 0.0001) stroke (1.15, 1.00 1.31, P 0.047) but not total CVD (1.03, 0.93 1.15, P 0.52) with no evidence of publication bias (P 0.95, P 0.30, and P 0.46, respectively) Long duration of sleep was also associated with a greater risk of CHD (1.38, 1.15 1.66, P 0.0005) stroke (1.65, 1.45 1.87, P 0.0001) and total CVD (1.41, 1.19 1.68, P 0.0001) with no evidence of publication bias (P 0.92, P 0.96, and P 0.79, respectively) Conclusion Both short and long duration of sleep are predictors, or markers, of cardiovascular outcomes.
Modulation of the primary auditory thalamus when recognising speech with background noise
Year: 2020

Recognising speech in background noise is a strenuous daily activity, yet most humans can master it. An explanation of how the human brain deals with such sensory uncertainty during speech recognition is to date missing. Previous work has shown that recognition of speech without background noise involves modulation of the auditory thalamus (medial geniculate body, MGB) There are higher responses in left MGB for speech recognition tasks that require tracking of fast varying stimulus properties in contrast to relatively constant stimulus properties (e.g. speaker identity tasks) despite the same stimulus input. Here we tested the hypotheses that (i) this task dependent modulation for speech recognition increases in parallel with the sensory uncertainty in the speech signal, i.e. the amount of background noise and that (ii) this increase is present in the ventral MGB, which corresponds to the primary sensory part of the auditory thalamus. In accordance with our hypothesis, we show by using ultra high resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging in human participants that the task dependent modulation of the left vMGB for speech is particularly strong when recognizing speech in noisy listening conditions in contrast to situations where the speech signal is clear. Exploratory analyses showed that this finding was specific to the left vMGB; it was not present in the right vMGB or the midbrain structure of the auditory pathway (left inferior colliculus, IC) The results imply that speech in noise recognition is supported by modifications at the level of the subcortical sensory pathway providing driving input to the auditory cortex.  Speech recognition in noisy environments is a challenging everyday task. One reason why humans can master this task is the recruitment of additional cognitive resources as reflected in recruitment of non language cerebral cortex areas. Here, we show that also modulation in the primary sensory pathway is specifically involved in speech in noise recognition. We found that the left primary sensory thalamus (ventral medial geniculate body, vMGB) is more involved when recognizing speech signals as opposed to a control task (speaker identity recognition) when heard in background noise vs. when the noise was absent. This finding implies that the brain optimises sensory processing in subcortical sensory pathway structures in a task specific manner to deal with speech recognition in noisy environments.
Global measles mortality, 2000 2008.
Venue: MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
Year: 2009

The United Nations (UN) Millennium Development Goals include a goal (MDG 4) to achieve a two thirds overall reduction of child deaths by 2015 compared with the 1990 level. Because many unvaccinated children die from measles, routine measles vaccination coverage is used as an indicator of progress toward this goal. In 2008, all UN member states reaffirmed their commitment to achieving a 90% reduction in measles mortality by 2010 compared with 2000, from an estimated 733,000 deaths in 2000 worldwide to <73,300 by 2010. The World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF have identified 47 priority countries with the highest burden of measles for an accelerated strategy for measles mortality reduction. The strategy includes 1) achieving and maintaining high coverage >or=90% nationally and >or=80% in each district) with 2 doses of measles containing vaccine (MCV) delivered through routine services or supplemental immunization activities (SIAs) 2) implementing effective laboratory supported disease surveillance, and 3) providing appropriate clinical management for measles cases. This report updates a previously published report, provides details on activities implemented during 2008, assesses progress toward the 2010 goal, and evaluates the potential effects of decreased financial support. During 2000 2008, global measles mortality declined by 78% from an estimated 733,000 deaths in 2000 to 164,000 in 2008, but the reduction in measles mortality has been leveling off since 2007. To reach the 2010 goal, India should fully implement the recommended strategies, and financial support for sustaining measles control in the other 46 priority countries should be secured.
Online Games for Primary School Vocabulary Teaching and Learning: A Literature Review
Year: 2020

Vocabulary knowledge in second language learning is imperative in acquiring competence and mastery in the language. It is a fundamental competence that English Second Language (ESL) learners need to master as a wide vocabulary repertoire is necessary in aiding them to understand verbal and written communication. This literature review also highlights that Malaysian undergraduates' learners are lacking in vocabulary mastery that caused drastic decline in their proficiency of both written and spoken English. The integration of educational online games in teaching vocabulary has a growing popularity due to the widespread belief on its potential to enrich learning process. This paper provides a literature review on the elements, interest, and challenges of the online games in ESL learners based on multiple past studies. It is proven in the literature that online games are potential tools in vocabulary learning as it raises learners' learning satisfaction, and fosters autonomous learning among learners. Many studies have also proven that online games support the acquisition of 21st century skills. Nevertheless, in the eagerness to employ online games, it is imperative for educators to be aware of the challenges before making a wise decision to integrate online games as classroom activities.
A taxonomy of creative tourists in creative tourism
Year: 2014

This study aims to characterize creative tourists and their perceptions of creative experiences at tourism sites. Creative tourists are active co creators of their experiences; hence, they should be treated as a heterogeneous group of co producers who have subjective opinions and feelings toward their creative experiences. The existing literature suggests that a creative experience is constructed by 'inner reflections' which include not only 'consciousness/awareness' 'needs/motivations' and 'creativity' but also 'outer interactions' which refer to 'environment' 'people' and 'activity' (Tan, Kung, Luh, 2013) However, how a particular mix of factors interact and define an individual's perceptions of a creative experience may vary among different types of creative tourists. Q methodology was used to reveal the tourists' inherent subjectivity of creative experiences with regard to the constructions of personal meaning. Five distinct groups of creative tourists were identified: novelty seekers, knowledge and skills learners, those who are aware of their travel partners' growth, those who are aware of green issues, and the relax and leisure type. Each consists of a different composition of factors which can provide new insights into how different creative tourists construct their personal creative experiences at these sites.
Erbliche blasenbildende Erkrankungen. Klinik, Diagnostik und Therapie der Epidermolyis bullosa
Venue: Der Hautarzt
Year: 2008

Hereditary epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a term for a heterogeneous group of rare genetic disorders characterized by marked fragility of the skin and mucous membranes following minor trauma. Significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular basis ofEB, which has far reaching implications for an improved classification with consequences for prognosis, genetic counseling, DNA based prenatal and preimplantation testing, and the development of future treatments including gene therapy. Besides mucocutaneous changes, EB leads to a number of systemic manifestations whose management requires multidisciplinary access. Extracutaneous complications include ophthalmologic, dental, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, urogenital, hematologic, and nutritional problems. This article reviews the progress that has been made in the understanding of the molecular basis of EB, clinical aspects of major EB subtypes, and the management of patients suffering from EB, and it gives an outlook on molecular therapy projects such as gene, cell, vector, and protein therapies.
Handling Variable Dimensional Time Series with Graph Neural Networks
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

Several applications of Internet of Things (IoT) technology involve capturing data from multiple sensors resulting in multi sensor time series. Existing neural networks based approaches for such multi sensor or multivariate time series modeling assume fixed input dimension or number of sensors. Such approaches can struggle in the practical setting where different instances of the same device or equipment such as mobiles, wearables, engines, etc. come with different combinations of installed sensors. We consider training neural network models from such multi sensor time series, where the time series have varying input dimensionality owing to availability or installation of a different subset of sensors at each source of time series. We propose a novel neural network architecture suitable for zero shot transfer learning allowing robust inference for multivariate time series with previously unseen combination of available dimensions or sensors at test time. Such a combinatorial generalization is achieved by conditioning the layers of a core neural network based time series model with a "conditioning vector" that carries information of the available combination of sensors for each time series. This conditioning vector is obtained by summarizing the set of learned "sensor embedding vectors" corresponding to the available sensors in a time series via a graph neural network. We evaluate the proposed approach on publicly available activity recognition and equipment prognostics datasets, and show that the proposed approach allows for better generalization in comparison to a deep gated recurrent neural network baseline.
Selective Laser Melting of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys
Year: 2013

Selective Laser Melting (SLM) offers the possibility to create three dimensional parts by having full freedom of design. Therefore prototypes can be produced faster and conventionally manufactured parts can be shaped individually, including an optimized design regarding potential loads and parts weight. The manufacturing of biocompatible metals like 316L and TiA16V4 is already industrially established. Because of the corrosive and mechanical properties of magnesium and the advantages of the SLM process, using magnesium is of great interest for manufacturing individual biodegradable implants. Recent investigations on SLM of magnesium have not led to successful operation so far. Due to the low vaporizing temperature, manufacturing non porous and three dimensional parts from magnesium was not possible yet. Following a new strategy, using an industrial SLM system with an overpressure building chamber, investigations on SLM of magnesium are now carried out in order to overcome these difficulties and produce fully dense three dimensional parts.
Identify and prioritise factors affecting sports consumer behaviour in Iran
Year: 2018

One of the common features of all people, regardless of education level, income level and living location and so on, is that all of them are consumers. The key to a successful marketing strategy, both in terms of local and global aspects is to understand consumer behaviour. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and prioritise factors affecting sports consumer behaviour in Iran. The study was quantitative qualitative research. Fuzzy Delphi method was used in this study. In this study, it was found that the marketing mix (product, price, distribution channels, promotion and advertising, service quality and brand personality) psychological factors (attitude, motivation, emotion, perception, past experience and consumer personality) individual factors (income, age, gender and education level) social factors (family, reference groups, social class and opinion leaders) and cultural factors (culture and religion) are factors influencing consumer behaviour. Also, AHP results show marketing mix is the most important influencing factor with 0.323 relative weights, then psychological factors (0.245) individual factors (0.185) social factors (0.141) and cultural factors (0.1077) This study determined companies have to highly pay attention to consumer and covering their demands (better than competitors) to obtain a high competitive advantage. On the other hand, the consumer has different approaches to buy products that are most noticed in programming marketing strategies.
Improving the hospital 'soundscape' a framework to measure individual perceptual response to hospital sounds
Venue: Ergonomics
Year: 2013

Work on the perception of urban soundscapes has generated a number of perceptual models which are proposed as tools to test and evaluate soundscape interventions. However, despite the excessive sound levels and noise within hospital environments, perceptual models have not been developed for these spaces. To address this, a two stage approach was developed by the authors to create such a model. First, semantics were obtained from listening evaluations which captured the feelings of individuals from hearing hospital sounds. Then, 30 participants rated a range of sound clips representative of a ward soundscape based on these semantics. Principal component analysis extracted a two dimensional space representing an emotional cognitive response. The framework enables soundscape interventions to be tested which may improve the perception of these hospital environments.  Hospital sound is commonly measured in terms of objective sound level. This does not consider the positive or negative subjective reactions to these sounds. This paper understands these reactions and produces a perceptual framework which can be used to measure the subjective response to a hospital soundscape.
Research on the Construction of the Dynamical Mechanism Model for the Military Civilian Integration Sharing of College Educational Resources of Hubei Province
Venue: 2020 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC)
Year: 2020

In view of the problems existing in the sharing of college educational resources in the military civilian integration, this paper puts forward the requirements for the construction of college educational resources sharing information system in the military civilian integration. The system mainly includes four aspects: teacher information management, teaching point information management, open major and course information management and resource information management. It also analyzes the contents and functions of each management module, and the main functions and access rights of the main information management module and background management are analyzed and designed. The structure of the main modules in the database is designed. The application of Ajax technology in the combination query of teachers' information and the information access control based on users are discussed. Finally, through the operation of the system, the effectiveness of the system design is verified.
Considering Roads Taken and Not Taken: How Psychological Distance Influences the Framing of Choice Events
Venue: Personality social psychology bulletin
Year: 2017

After people make choices, they can frame the choice event in terms of what they chose, or in terms of what they did not choose. The current research proposes psychological distance as one factor influencing this framing and suggests implications. Three experiments manipulated dimensions of distance to demonstrate people's greater tendency to frame choice events in terms of chosen options at greater psychological distances. Additional findings demonstrate that these effects occur regardless of whether the decision turned out well or poorly. In a final experiment, framing a decision in terms of choosing (versus not choosing) a task made people more likely to believe their choice reflected their liking for the chosen task, which led to more favorable expectations for it. The discussion focuses on possible implications of these findings for understanding prior work on self other differences in decision making, motivations for past decisions, reactions to decision outcomes, and counterfactual thinking.
Production and Characterization of Eco Enzyme Produced from Fruit and Vegetable Wastes and its Influence on the Aquaculture Sludge
Year: 2020

The high composition of food waste in municipal solid waste production is one of the most critical environmental issues since the decomposition process produces and releases carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere and causes a greenhouse effect. Therefore, to minimize the composition of organic wastes in the landfill, this study was conducted to characterize the eco enzyme produced from the fermentation of fruit waste. Then, the treatment of aquaculture sludge will also be determined to examine its applicability. The effectiveness of the eco enzyme on sludge treatment was experimented based on the different dilution factors of the eco enzyme (5 10 15 for 10 days (Batch process) The results showed that the eco enzyme possesses Protease, Amylase, and Lipase. Meanwhile, the results of the treatment process showed the enzyme solution (10 was found more potent and economical in treating aquaculture sludge in which resulted in a reduction of 89 of Total Suspended Solid, 78 of Volatile Suspended Solid, 88 of Chemical Oxygen Demand, 94 of Total Ammonia Nitrogen and 97 of Total Phosphorus. Eco enzyme produced from the study has effectively acted as an environmentally friendly solution to reduce the composition of food waste in solid waste generation and has the potential to be applied in the wastewater industry.
Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary
Venue: Ci ji yi xue za zhi Tzu chi medical journal
Year: 2016

Fig. 2. Tumor cells with nuclear grooves are present (hematoxylin eosin stain, 400) A 38 year old woman who had regular follow up for infertility and had received two failed in vitro fertilizations was examined in our clinic. She had a history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension and had surgery for a double uterus several years ago. Sonography of the right ovary revealed a 10 cm cystic tumor. Right ovarian cystectomy was performed and an ovarian cystic tumor with
Impacts of Lateral Charge Migration on Data Retention and Read Disturb in 3D Charge trap NAND Flash Memory
Venue: 2020 IEEE 15th International Conference on Solid State Integrated Circuit Technology (ICSICT)
Year: 2020

For deeper insights into the reliabilities of 3D charge trap (CT) flash memory, we investigated the impacts of lateral charge migration (LCM) on data retention (DR) and read disturb (RD) by TCAD simulations. With discussions on the influence of neighbor cells' states and defect levels, it is found that LCM caused charge accumulation under the external electric fields could be the dominant reason to explain experimentally observed abnormal RD. Our results strongly suggest that appropriate read cycling could be an effective way to retrieve threshold voltage (Vth) down shifts during data retention.