nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Source/Filter Model for Unsupervised Main Melody Extraction From Polyphonic Audio Signals
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
Year: 2010

Extracting the main melody from a polyphonic music recording seems natural even to untrained human listeners. To a certain extent it is related to the concept of source separation, with the human ability of focusing on a specific source in order to extract relevant information. In this paper, we propose a new approach for the estimation and extraction of the main melody (and in particular the leading vocal part) from polyphonic audio signals. To that aim, we propose a new signal model where the leading vocal part is explicitly represented by a specific source/filter model. The proposed representation is investigated in the framework of two statistical models: a Gaussian Scaled Mixture Model (GSMM) and an extended Instantaneous Mixture Model (IMM) For both models, the estimation of the different parameters is done within a maximum likelihood framework adapted from single channel source separation techniques. The desired sequence of fundamental frequencies is then inferred from the estimated parameters. The results obtained in a recent evaluation campaign (MIREX08) show that the proposed approaches are very promising and reach state of the art performances on all test sets.
Model fitting tutorial
Year: 2007

The purpose of this tutorial is not to describe the theory of model fitting, but to focus on practical aspects and to learn how to work around difficulties. For practice, we use LITpro, a software currently developed within the JMMC 1 research group. LITpro is based on a modified Levenberg Marquardt algorithm and its architecture allows a flexible implementation of complex models and fits with heterogeneous data. Through the analyzis of an example of a fit on simulated interferometric data, we learn how to deal with degeneracies and how to tackle the problem of local minima, with tools provided by LITpro.
Ordered platinum bismuth intermetallic clusters with Pt skin for a highly efficient electrochemical ethanol oxidation reaction
Year: 2019

The ethanol oxidation reaction is extensively explored, but electrocatalysts that could achieve a complete oxidation pathway to CO2/CO32 are much less reported. Here, we synthesize a monatomic Pt layer (Pt skin) on ordered intermetallic PtBi clusters (PtBi@Pt) supported on graphene via a single atom self assembling (SAS) method to form a superior catalyst. The PtBi@Pt with an ultrafine size ~2 nm) delivers an extremely high mass activity of 9.01 mA mgPt 1, which is 8 fold more active than the commercial Pt/C; significantly, in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicates that ethanol is completely oxidized to CO32 on the PtBi@Pt, accompanied by 12 electron transfer, as is further demonstrated by the density functional theory results.
Two New Species of Saccocoelioides (Digenea: Haploporidae) with Phylogenetic Analysis of the Family, Including Species of Saccocoelioides from North, Middle, and South America
Venue: The Journal of Parasitology
Year: 2018

Two cryptic species of haploporid digeneans belonging in Saccocoelioides are described from Costa Rica: one from a poeciliid fish, Poecilia gillii, and the other from a characid fish, Astyanax aeneus. Traditional morphological features are examined and found to be largely inefficient for differentiating among the new species and 20 New World congeners. Comparison of ribosomal DNA sequences among the 2 new species, 2 North American, 4 Middle American, and 3 South American species of Saccocoelioides, including the type species Saccocoelioides nanii from Argentina and Saccocoelioides sogandaresi from Texas, is effective in differentiating among these species. A Bayesian inference analysis is conducted using a concatenated alignment of the same 2 ribosomal gene regions from 35 species belonging in the Haploporoidea and rooted by the atractotrematid Isorchis anomalus. The analysis provides stronger support for a close relationship between species in Saccocoelioides and Intromugil; thus, Intromugil is transferred from the Waretrematinae to the Chalcinotrematinae. Additionally, interrelationships among 11 species of Saccocoelioides are resolved and reveal a distinct genetic rift suggesting the presence of 2 distinct lineages within the genus, 1 containing the type species and the other containing a group of species that more closely resemble other genera in the subfamily. Taxonomy of Saccocoelioides is discussed, and observations made during the present study justify taking several taxonomic actions: new combinations are proposed for Saccocoelioides tilapiae n. comb. formerly in the now defunct Culuwiya, and Saccocoelioides ruedasueltensis n. comb. formerly in Chalcinotrema; Saccocoelioides guaporense nomen novem is proposed for Lecithobotrioides elongatus; Saccocoelioides papernai is considered a junior subjective synonym of Saccocoelioides overstreeti; Saccocoelioides godoyi is considered a junior subjective synonym of Saccocoelioides szidati; Saccocoelioides magnorchis and Saccocoelioides saccodontis are considered species inquirendae; and Saccocoelioides adelae is considered a nomen nudum. Four new hosts are reported for Saccocoelioides cichlidorum: Amphilophus lyonsi, Amatitlania nigrofasciatus, Amatitlania septemfasciatus, and Hypsophrys nicaraguensis. Molecular data call into question some existing species identifications in Saccocoelioides and reveal that molecular tools combined with traditional taxonomy are required for accurately identifying species in the genus. Twenty two species of Saccocoelioides are formally accepted, but it is noted that as new molecular data become available, some of these species may be transferred to other genera in the subfamily.
Soluble biomarker signature to predict outcome of patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with anti PD1/PDL1 monoclonal antibodies.
Venue: Journal of Clinical Oncology
Year: 2019

Immunotherapy with anti PD1/PDL1 monoclonal antibodies has become the second line standard treatment for most patients diagnosed of advanced Non Small Cell lung cancer (NSCLC) The aim of this study is to assess the utility of circulating biomarkers such as sPDL1, sPDL2, sCD137, sIDO, sTIM3, sCD28, sCD27, sCTLA4, sHVEM, sLAG3, sCD80 and sGITR for predicting efficacy of immunotherapy with anti PD1/PDL1 therapies.  Blood samples were collected before treatment from 50 NSCLC patients who received anti PD1/PDL1 therapies (second line) Plasma biomarkers' levels were measured by Multiplex bead based assays. Continuous variables were categorized using the median as a cut off. Non parametric test were used for correlations between analytical variables and clinical pathological parameters and response rate analysis. For survival analysis (progression free survival PFS and overall survival OS) Kaplan Meier curves and long rank test were performed.  50 patients met inclusion criteria. Biomarkers associated with better outcome in terms of Response Rate or PFS were sPDL1, sIDO, sCD137 and sGITR. Median plasma levels of sPDL1, sCD137, sIDO and sGITR were 80.5, 168.7, 64.92s and 114.43 ng/ml respectively. ORR was higher in patients with high levels of CD137 (75 vs 25% p 0.28) GITR (83.3 vs 16.7% p 0.009) and sPDL1 (66.7 vs 33.3% p 0.07) Median PFS was significantly higher for patients with high sPDL1 levels (NR vs 3 months, p 0.017) and there was a favourable trend for patients with higher serum levels of CD137 (NR vs 5.07, p 0.11) sIDO (NR vs 5.57 months, p 0.08) and sGITR (14.33 vs 5.57 months, p 0.16) Combination of these biomarkers allowed the identification of three groups: group1 (0 1 positive biomarker) group2 (2 positive biomarkers) and group 3 (3 or 4 positive biomarkers) with significant differences in ORR (8.3 vs 25 vs 66.7% p 0.01) PFS (median 3.2, 1.1 and NR months, p 0.01) and OS (median 2.3, 5.0 and NR months, p 0.02)  Circulating immune markers can be reliable detected in plasma of advanced NSCLC patients. In patients treated with anti PD1 antibodies. sCD137, sIDO, sGITR and sPDL1 seem to be related to the degree of response or PFS. Combination of these biomarkers might be helpful to predict efficacy of immunotherapy treatment.
Exercise and Physical Activity in the Therapy of Substance Use Disorders
Venue: TheScientificWorldJournal
Year: 2012

Exercise and physical activity are constantly gaining attention as adjuvant treatment for substance use disorders, supplementing classical pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches. The present work reviews studies addressing the therapeutic effects of exercise in alcohol abuse/dependence, nicotine abuse/dependence, and illicit drug abuse/dependence. In the field of smoking cessation, evidence is strong for exercise as an effective adjuvant treatment, whereas no generalizable and methodologically strong studies have been published for alcohol and drug treatment so far, allowing only preliminary conclusions about the effectiveness of exercise in these disorders. A couple of potential mechanisms are discussed, by which exercise may act as an effective treatment, as well as future directions for studies investigating exercise as a treatment strategy for substance use disorders.
La implantacion del titulo de Grado de Maestro en Educacion Infantil en la Facultad de Educacion de Albacete (UCLM) un analisis de la metodologia ECTS de aprendizaje por competencias desde una perspectiva aplicada
Year: 2012

espanolEl trabajo se sustenta en los datos obtenidos a traves de encuestas al alumnado de 1o y 2o curso de los estudios del Grado de Maestro en Educacion Infantil en la Facultad de Educacion de Albacete (Universidad de Castilla La Mancha) Recoge informacion, tanto cuantitativa como cualitativa, acerca de como el alumnado percibe la aplicacion de la novedosa metodologia utilizada, basada en la Declaracion de Bolonia y el ECTS. Hemos querido, con ello, recoger percepciones acerca de en que medida la nueva metodologia ha sido eficaz de cara a una formacion de nuestros alumnos basada en competencias. La vocacion del trabajo es aplicada, en tanto aspira a percibir puntos de vista y valoraciones a partir de los cuales orientar la practica docente. De esta manera, lejos de tratarse de una busqueda de datos e informacion orientada a una mera reflexion epistemologica, trata de sustentarse en ella para extraer conclusiones que incluyan la deteccion de disfunciones en el trabajo docente desarrollado, junto a formas de desarrollar la nueva metodologia de una manera que resulte efectiva de cara a la formacion del futuro profesional de la Educacion Infantil. EnglishThis work is based on data obtained through surveys to 1st and 2nd year students of Degree in Pre School Education Teacher, enrolled in Faculty of Education (Albacete, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha) It collects information, both qualitative and quantitative, about how students perceive the implementation of the new methodology, founded on Bolonia Statement and ECTS. We have pursued, with it, to gather perceptions about to what extent the new methods have been efficient for a training based on competences. The vocation of the paper is practice oriented, in that it aspires to observe viewpoints and assessments that could be of use in order to direct teaching practice. In this way, rather than a pure search of data and information for a mere epistemological reflection, it pursues to extract conclusions that could include the detection of dysfunctions in the developed teaching work, as well as forms of developing the new methodology in a manner that turns out to be effective for the training of the future professional of Pre School Education.
On the Chinese English Translation of Advertising Slogan from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory
Year: 2014

Nowadays, advertising slogan has been used by various corporations as an aid to promote their products. As advertising slogan is crisp, concise, and direct, it has been viewed as the identity of a corporation. With the tide of globalization, the translation of slogan is much more important in for the corporation in world economy. This paper introduces the functional equivalence theory, which consists of two points: the receptor' response and content over form. And the main function of the advertisement is vocative function, evoking the customers' purchasing desire. At this point, Functional Equivalence Theory is suitable to guide the translation of advertising slogan, for it aims to achieve the equivalent or similar response between the receptors of the source text and those of the target text. What's more, the application of this theory in Chinese English translation is also discussed from many different respects base on the specific examples of slogans' translation. At last, three useful strategies are proposed: literal translation, parody translation and creative translation.
Issue information
Venue: Random Struct. Algorithms
Year: 2019

ing and Indexing Services The Journal is indexed by Biological Abstracts (Thomson Reuters) BIOSIS Previews (Thomson Reuters) Science Citation Index Expanded (Thomson Reuters) SCOPUS (Elsevier) Open Access and Copyright All articles published by Journal of Diabetes Investigation are fully open access: immediately freely available to read, download and share.  Articles accepted before this date were published under the agreement as stated in the final article.  Use by commercial 'for profi t' organisations (not applicable to CC BY 4.0 licensed articles) Use of Wiley Open Access articles for commercial, promotional, or marketing purposes requires further explicit permission from Wiley and will be subject to a fee. Requests to reproduce material from this journal content are being handled through the Rightslink(r) online service. Locate the article you wish to reproduce on Wiley Online Library (http:/onlinelibrary.wiley.com) Navigate to the abstract page Click on the 'Request Permissions' link, under the 'ARTICLE TOOLS' menu Follow the online instructions and select your requirements from the drop down options and click on 'quick price' to get a quote Create a RightsLink(r) account to complete your transaction (and pay, where applicable) Read and accept our Terms Conditions and Download your license For any technical queries please contact customercare@copyright. com For further information and to view a Rightslink(r) demo please visit www.wiley.com and select Rights Permissions. Print reprints of Wiley Open Access articles can be purchased from corporatesales@wiley.com.
Chapter 18 The Human Connectome: Linking Structure and Function in the Human Brain
Year: 2014

The human brain is a complex and highly dynamic biological network, the physical structure of which is still only partially mapped. This review provides an overview of how the analysis of comprehensive maps of structural brain connectivity, the human connectome, may benefit our understanding of structure function relationships in the human brain. We argue that the extraction of structural connection maps from diffusion imaging, but also possibly from classical tract tracing, histology or novel optical imaging methods, will provide unique insights into the patterning and dynamics of functional connectivity in the normal and diseased brain.
Irrigation and Culture: Gender Roles and Women's Rights
Year: 2020

This paper proposes that ancestral use of irrigation reduces contemporary female labor force participation and female property rights. We test this hypothesis using an exogenous measure of irrigation and data from the Afrobarometer, cross country data, the European Social Survey, the American Community Survey, and the India Demographic and Household Survey. Our hypothesis receives considerable empirical support. We find negative associations between ancestral irrigation and actual female labor force participation, and attitudes to such participation, in contemporary African and Indian populations, 2nd generation European immigrants, 1.5 and 2nd generation US immigrants, and in cross country data. Moreover, ancestral irrigation is negatively associated with attitudes to female property rights in Africa and with measures of such rights across countries. Our estimates are robust to a host of control variables and alternative specifications. We propose multiple potential partial mechanisms. First, in pre modern societies the men captured technologies complementary to irrigation, raising their relative productivity. Fertility increased. This caused lower female participation in agriculture and subsistence activities, and the women worked closer to home. Next, due to the common pool nature of irrigation water, historically irrigation has involved more frequent warfare. This raised the social status of men and restricted women's movement. These two mechanisms have produced cultural preferences against female participation in the formal labor market. Finally, irrigation produced both autocracy and a culture of collectivism. These are both associated with weaker female property rights.
Object Detection in Videos by High Quality Object Linking
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Year: 2020

Compared with object detection in static images, object detection in videos is more challenging due to degraded image qualities. An effective way to address this problem is to exploit temporal contexts by linking the same object across video to form tubelets and aggregating classification scores in the tubelets. In this paper, we focus on obtaining high quality object linking results for better classification. Unlike previous methods that link objects by checking boxes between neighboring frames, we propose to link in the same frame. To achieve this goal, we extend prior methods in following aspects: (1) a cuboid proposal network that extracts spatio temporal candidate cuboids which bound the movement of objects; (2) a short tubelet detection network that detects short tubelets in short video segments; (3) a short tubelet linking algorithm that links temporally overlapping short tubelets to form long tubelets. Experiments on the ImageNet VID dataset show that our method outperforms both the static image detector and the previous state of the art. In particular, our method improves results by 8.8 percent over the static image detector for fast moving objects.
Can a Soft Robotic Probe Use Stiffness Control Like a Human Finger to Improve Efficacy of Haptic Perception?
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Haptics
Year: 2017

When humans are asked to palpate a soft tissue to locate a hard nodule, they regulate the stiffness, speed, and force of the finger during examination. If we understand the relationship between these behavioral variables and haptic information gain (transfer entropy) during manual probing, we can improve the efficacy of soft robotic probes for soft tissue palpation, such as in tumor localization in minimally invasive surgery. Here, we recorded the muscle co contraction activity of the finger using EMG sensors to address the question as to whether joint stiffness control during manual palpation plays an important role in the haptic information gain. To address this question, we used a soft robotic probe with a controllable stiffness joint and a force sensor mounted at the base to represent the function of the tendon in a biological finger. Then, we trained a Markov chain using muscle co contraction patterns of human subjects, and used it to control the stiffness of the soft robotic probe in the same soft tissue palpation task. The soft robotic experiments showed that haptic information gain about the depth of the hard nodule can be maximized by varying the internal stiffness of the soft probe.
THINKING OBJECTIVELY: AN OVERVIEW OF "THING THEORY" IN VICTORIAN STUDIES
Venue: Victorian Literature and Culture
Year: 2012

For those of us whose life's work consists of the study of the Victorian Era, nothing is plainer than the fact that one cannot escape from "things." Indeed, for many of us the wealth of detail and artefact available is one of the attractions of the era: who could resist the hats, coaches, buttons, newspapers, lengths of ribbon, packets of tea, bits of old lace, sugared plums, ink pots, keys, and pocket watches that clutter the pages of Dickens, overflow from Gaskell, and crowd in amongst the characters of Collins, Thackeray, Trollope, Eliot, and Bronte? The Victorians had a preoccupation with and predilection for the careful and considered acquisition and utilisation of objects, and this preoccupation has become a focus for critical trends in this area. In 2003, Lynn Pykett wrote that "The Victorians were fascinated with objects and things but recent scholarship has proved equally fascinated with this Victorian obsession" (1) This obsession can be traced back to a turn in Victorianist criticism in the 1980s, beginning with Brigg's Victorian Things and based on theories of commodity culture in writers such as Jean Baudrillard, Roland Barthes, and Walter Benjamin, towards an interdisciplinary interest in material culture and particularly in consumer culture and theories of consumption and commodification. More recently critics have moved away from Marxist explorations of objects as commodities, to explore the possibilities of the object in contexts other than those generated by discourses of exchange value, production, and consumption, adopting cultural materialist and new historicist approaches to the objects of Victorian culture and literature. This movement has become known as "Thing Theory." Starting with Bill Brown's seminal work, A Sense of Things, in 2003, critics have sought for ways of explaining the relationship between the subject and the object in terms other than those of the capitalist market system, in order to take account of the complexities of the object as a signifier. This review seeks to give an overview of these two critical perspectives on the objects of Victorian studies, from the roots of "thing theory" in consumer culture and commodity studies, to the key texts and indicative readings which have shaped "thing theory" as a discipline. Starting with a look at some key texts on consumer culture in the nineteenth century, I then move on to look at those "thing theory" works which have moved away from a focus on the object as commodity, towards cultural materialism and an understanding of the Victorian "object" beyond its role in consumer culture. Finally, I look at some readings indicative of the work currently being published in the field.
Residual Reactive Navigation: Combining Classical and Learned Navigation Strategies For Deployment in Unknown Environments
Venue: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)
Year: 2020

In this work we focus on improving the efficiency and generalisation of learned navigation strategies when transferred from its training environment to previously unseen ones. We present an extension of the residual reinforcement learning framework from the robotic manipulation literature and adapt it to the vast and unstructured environments that mobile robots can operate in. The concept is based on learning a residual control effect to add to a typical sub optimal classical controller in order to close the performance gap, whilst guiding the exploration process during training for improved data efficiency. We exploit this tight coupling and propose a novel deployment strategy, switching Residual Reactive Navigation (sRRN) which yields efficient trajectories whilst probabilistically switching to a classical controller in cases of high policy uncertainty. Our approach achieves improved performance over end to end alternatives and can be incorporated as part of a complete navigation stack for cluttered indoor navigation tasks in the real world. The code and training environment for this project is made publicly available at https:/sites.google.com/view/srrn/home.