nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Meat Vulnerabilities to Economic Food Adulteration Require New Analytical Solutions.
Venue: Chimia
Year: 2018

Meat has been identified as one of the food categories at most risk of food fraud. Meat species substitution has been in the spotlight with the European horse meat scandal in 2013. Analysis of cases reported on the web shows that incidents of meat substitution are still recurring worldwide. Altogether these cases highlight significant weaknesses in the supply chain transparency and traceability of raw meat materials. This has triggered recent progress from the food industry to apply new software tools enabling the mapping of meat supply chains. Nevertheless, a meat vulnerability assessment showed that meat and derivatives are highly susceptible to many fraudulent malpractices. Therefore, more effective measures are needed to manage the risk and new analytical solutions are required to increase the deterrence of meat adulteration and rapid detection of fraud. DNA based methods have evolved rapidly as shown with the application of the new LCD array and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in order to detect broad meat species adulteration. Moreover, new technologies such as NGS together with the Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry (REIMS) are emerging as a really promising association of analytical approaches for rapid detection of several malpractices.
DIALLEL ANALYSIS FOR STUDYING HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY OF SOME ECONOMICAL YIELD TRAITS IN PUMPKIN
Year: 2015

This study was conducted in research farm and laboratories of Horticultural Research Institute,  Center during the period from 2012 to 2014 to estimate heterosis, and both general and specific combining abilities of some pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima Duch. ex Poir. economical traits, viz. main stem length, number of branches/plant, number of nodes to first female flowers, average length, diameter and weight of fruit, average flesh thickness, number of fruits/plant, and total yield/plant. Five different inbred lines of pumpkin, namely PK 27A (P1) PK 27 (P2) PK 26 (P3) PK 33 (P4) and PK 31A (P5) were used for carrying out half diallel cross in all possible combinations excluding reciprocal. Results showed that the maximum significant true heterosis in desirable direction (71.8% was recorded for TY followed by NB (67% AFW (41.9% NF (40.5% MSL (39.5% NNF (29.1% AFL (28.7% and AFD (12.4% Analysis for combining ability indicated that general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances were highly significant, indicating that both additive and non additive gene effects involved in the expression of all studied traits except for NB and NF traits which were mainly controlled by non additive and additive types of gene action, respectively. The ratios of GCA/SCA were higher than unity suggesting that the additive and additive by additive type of gene action was more important for most traits. Based on general combining ability effects, the parental lines P3, P4 and P5 were good combiners for most studied traits. The highest desirable SCA and heterotic effects were obtained from the crosses; (P1 x P4) (P2 x P3) and (P3 x P5) for yield and most of the studied traits, which are the best and promising hybrids.
Genome Features and Biochemical Characteristics of a Robust, Fast Growing and Naturally Transformable Cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 11801 Isolated from India
Venue: Scientific Reports
Year: 2018

Cyanobacteria provide an interesting platform for biotechnological applications due to their efficient photoautotrophic growth, amenability to genetic engineering and the ability to grow on non arable land. An ideal industrial strain of cyanobacteria would need to be fast growing and tolerant to high levels of temperature, light, carbon dioxide, salt and be naturally transformable. In this study, we report Synechococcus elongatus PCC 11801, a strain isolated from India that fulfills these requirements. The physiological and biochemical characteristics of PCC 11801 under carbon and light limiting conditions were investigated. PCC 11801 shows a doubling time of 2.3 h, that is the fastest growth for any cyanobacteria reported so far under ambient CO2 conditions. Genome sequence of PCC 11801 shows genome identity of ~83% with its closest neighbors Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 and Synechococcus elongatus UTEX 2973. The unique attributes of PCC 11801 genome are discussed in light of the physiological characteristics that are needed in an industrial strain. The genome of PCC 11801 shows several genes that do not have homologs in neighbor strains PCC 7942 and UTEX 2973, some of which may be responsible for adaptation to various abiotic stresses. The remarkably fast growth rate of PCC 11801 coupled with its robustness and ease of genetic transformation makes it an ideal candidate for the photosynthetic production of fuels and chemicals.
Structural, geometric and genetic factors predict interregional brain connectivity patterns probed by electrocorticography
Venue: Nature Biomedical Engineering
Year: 2019

Electrocorticography (ECoG) data can be used to estimate brain wide connectivity patterns. Yet, the invasiveness of ECoG, incomplete cortical coverage, and variability in electrode placement across individuals make the network analysis of ECoG data challenging. Here, we show that the architecture of whole brain ECoG networks and the factors that shape it can be studied by analysing whole brain, interregional and band limited ECoG networks from a large cohort in this case, of individuals with medication resistant epilepsy. Using tools from network science, we characterized the basic organization of ECoG networks, including frequency specific architecture, segregated modules and the dependence of connection weights on interregional Euclidean distance. We then used linear models to explain variabilities in the connection strengths between pairs of brain regions, and to highlight the joint role, in shaping the brain wide organization of ECoG networks, of communication along white matter pathways, interregional Euclidean distance and correlated gene expression. Moreover, we extended these models to predict out of sample, single subject data. Our predictive models may have future clinical utility; for example, by anticipating the effect of cortical resection on interregional communication.Analyses of interregional neural networks from electrocorticography data from a large database of individuals with medication resistant epilepsy highlight the structural, geometric and genetic factors that shape network organization.
Following the breadcrumbs: Timestamp pattern identification for cloud forensics
Year: 2018

This study explores the challenges of digital forensics investigation in file access, transfer and operations, and identifies file operational and behavioral patterns based on timestamps in both the standalone as well as interactions between Windows NTFS and Ubuntu Ext4 filesystems. File based metadata is observed, and timestamps across different cloud access behavioral patterns are compared and validated. As critical metadata information cannot be easily observed, a rigorous iterative approach was implemented to extract hidden, critical file attributes and timestamps. Direct observation and cross sectional analysis were adopted to analyze timestamps, and to differentiate between patterns based on different types of cloud access operations. Fundamental observation rules and characteristics of file interaction in the cloud environment are derived as behavioral patterns for cloud operations. This study contributes to cloud forensics investigation of data breach incidents where the crime clues, characteristics and evidence of the incidents are collected, identified and analyzed. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of pattern identification for digital forensics across various types of cloud access operations.
Wind and Solar Farms Site Selection Using Geographical Information System (GIS) Based on Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Methods: A Case Study for East Azerbaijan
Venue: 2019 Iranian Conference on Renewable Energy Distributed Generation (ICREDG)
Year: 2019

Economic and industrial development raise the demand for energy. Renewable energies have replaced fossil fuels. because the fossil fuels emission greenhouse gases and damage the environment. The sitting of renewable power plants is of great importance because there is a direct relationship between the production efficiency and the location of the renewable power plant. In this paper, using of multi criteria decision making (MCDM) methods a suitable location for the construction of a renewable power plant is proposed. Prioritization map of the hybrid power plant was prepared using AHP, VICORE and TOPSIS. The final map is obtained of the overlap of other maps.
Prestasi keselamatan pekerja: definisi, konstruk dan instrumen pengukuran
Year: 2013

Artikel ini memberi tumpuan kepada petunjuk petunjuk awalan yang dianggap lebih berkesan dalam sistem keselamatan berbanding dengan petunjuk petunjuk susulan.Berdasarkan tinjauan literatur, prestasi keselamatan terbahagi kepada dua iaitu prestasi keselamatan individu dan prestasi keselamatan organisasi.Penulis menfokuskan prestasi keselamatan di peringkat individu dengan membincangkan definisi prestasi keselamatan, dimensi dimensi yang digunakan oleh penyelidik penyelidik lepas, instrumen pengukuran dan juga beberapa kajian lepas yang menggunakan pembolehubah prestasi keselamatan.Sehubungan itu, hasil daripada perbincangan ini akan menawarkan konsep yang lebih jelas kepada penyelidik masa depan untuk mengukur prestasi keselamatan diperingkat individu.
Patient coping strategies in COPD across disease severity and quality of life a qualitative study
Year: 2016

S OPEN Abstracts from the 8th International Primary Care Respiratory Group (IPCRG) World Conferences from the 8th International Primary Care Respiratory Group (IPCRG) World Conference Amsterdam Rai Convention Centre, 25th 28th May 2016  ABSTRACTS npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine (2016) 26, 16022; doi:10.1038/ npjpcrm.2016.22; published online 23 May 2016 CR001 Tuberculosis in the developing countries, just a tip of the iceberg
Capacity Expansion with a Bundled Supply of Attributes An Application to Cloud Computing
Year: 2018

Application to Cloud Computing Over the past decade, technological enhancements led by the rise in cloud computing have revolutionized the IT industry. Cloud computing is on demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. In recent years, we have witnessed a rapid growth in the cloud computing industry (Gartner Press Release 2017) represented by cloud service providers. For cloud providers, such a huge surge in demand for cloud services has created a challenging problem about how to manage their capacity efficiently. Capacity in cloud computing is usually defined by demand for resources. The key resources in the cloud computing industry, referred to as attributes of capacities, are Central Processing Unit (CPU) Random Access Memory (RAM) Network, and Storage. All of these attributes agglomerated in data centers are the hardware infrastructure of cloud services; as demand grows over time, these attributes can potentially become the capacity bottleneck. In the case of a shortage in Storage or Network, capacities of these two attributes can be scaled up individually. Therefore, single resource capacity expansion models can be applied. In contrast, the capacity expansion of RAM and CPU is handled through the acquisition of new servers, which increases both attributes' capacities simultaneously and, depending on the server configuration, increases the fixed ratio of CPU to RAM. Addressing the capacity expansion problems of these two attributes by employment of new servers, instead of individual scaling, occurs primarily for the following two reasons: first, the actual cost of individual scaling, including not only the cost of purchasing new CPU or RAM, but also the cost associated with the old server shut down during upgrading, is exorbitant; second, old server technologies may not be compatible with newer CPU and RAM technologies, making individual scaling of CPU or RAM capacities cumbersome. However, acquisition of new servers to address capacity issues of RAM and CPU poses challenges that not only stem from rapid demand growths of these attributes, but also from the way the supply
A Revised Proof of Spirallikeness
Year: 2013

In this paper, we present a proof for spirallikeness of injective holomorphic functions which is based on topological considerations. The proof exploits a continuous extending method applied to certain paths in the unit disk.  Given d p/2;p/2) and z C {0} let (0.1) Ld(z) {exp(et)z t 0] i.e. Ld is a logarithmic spiral. Geometrically, it intersects each half line with endpoint at the origin at the constant angle d. We recall that a domain O in the complex plane C is said to be d spirallike (with respect to the origin) if 0 O and for every z O, Ld(z) O. The class of all d spirallike domains O will be denoted by Z* d Write D(a, r) for the euclidian disk with center at a C and radius r 0, i.e. D(a, r) {z C |z a| r} and let D(a, r) {z C |z a| r} We denote by S the class of all injective holomorphic (univalent) functions f in the unit disk D D(0, 1) keeping the origin fixed. In the paper [13] L. Spacek initiated research of the functions described as follows. Definition 0.1. Given d p/2;p/2) a function f D C is said to be a d spirallike holomorphic function if f S and f(D) Z* d The class of all d spirallike holomorphic functions will be denoted by S* d The fundamental result relevant to this class reads as follows. Theorem 0.2. For every d p/2;p/2) and every holomorphic function f in D with f (0) 0, f S* d iff the condition (0.2) Re e idzf (z) f(z) 0 z D f 1(0)
Flavonoid Alkaloids: Isolation, Bioactivity, and Synthesis
Year: 2018

The flavonoidal alkaloids or flavo alkaloids build a quite special group of natural products, where the typical flavonoid backbone (two aromatic rings are combined with an oxygen heterocycle) is linked with a nitrogen containing moiety too. Several plants, containing flavonoid alkaloids, were applied in the traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases, e.g. infections, cold, cough, inflammation, icterohepatitis, laryngalgia, etc. In this review, the most important flavonoid alkaloids (ficine, isoficine, capitavine, buchenavianine, aquiledine, isoaquiledine, cheliensisine, lilanine, phyllospadine, lotthanongine, vochysine, dracocephins, drahebephins, davallioside, prolinalin, kopsirachin, uncaringambiriine, etc. and their isolation, structure elucidation, biosynthesis, biological activity, and syntheses will be detailed. The synthetic derivatives, e.g. the antitumor Flavopiridol (Alvocidib, Sanofi Tolero) and P276 00 (Piramal) will be discussed too.
Stopping the chain of infection in the radiology suite.
Venue: Radiologic technology
Year: 2012

Billions of dollars and thousands of lives are lost each year because of communicable diseases. The basic component of every communicable disease transmission is the chain of infection. By breaking just 1 link in the chain, a communicable disease cannot be passed on to another individual. Radiologic technologists have the ability to continue the chain of infection or stop transmission. This article explores how a disease is transmitted and what techniques are available to stop transmission.
Feedback loops in a world of complexity: a cybernetic approach at the interface of foreign policy analysis and international relations theory
Year: 2016

Feedback in foreign policy occurs when a state's foreign policy affects the international context of that state and those changes in context subsequently impact on the state's future foreign policy decisions. In this way, feedback loops can develop, which may become self reinforcing and in which foreign policy and international context continuously affect each other. Even though such processes are ubiquitous especially in a globalized world, they have hitherto received little systematic attention. We introduce cybernetics as a perspective that puts such feedback effects at the centre of attention and provides an accessible sequential framework for analysing them. Such a cybernetic analysis not only demonstrates the significance of feedback processes in foreign policies but also speaks to several recent debates in international relations theory and foreign policy analysis. In particular, it highlights processes of learning and change, of non linearity and indeterminacy, and enables the researcher to integrate insights from structure and agency based approaches. We outline the merits of a cybernetic analysis by discussing the effects of feedback in the United States' War on Terror.
Phytopythium leanoi sp. nov. and Phytopythium dogmae sp. nov. Phytopythium species associated with mangrove leaf litter from the Philippines
Year: 2018

The genus Phytopythium is a monophyletic taxon of the Peronosporaceae with characteristics intermediate between Phytophthora and Pythium In the Philippines, reports of Phytopythium are scarce, with the mangrove swamp inhabiting species Phytopythium kandeliae being the only species recorded to date. It was the aim of the current study to investigate the diversity of Phytopythium in mangrove habitats in more detail. Based on culture characteristics, morphology, and molecular phylogenetic position, two new species of Phytopythium are described from Philippine mangroves, P. leanoi USTCMS 4102 and P. dogmae USTCMS 4101. Phytopythium leanoi is a species morphologically similar to P. kandeliae but with the ability to develop gametangia in a homothallic fashion. The other new species, P. dogmae is characterized by having a short discharge tube, semipapillate to papillate sporangia and frequently exhibiting a clustering of two sporangia per sporangiogenic hypha. With the addition of the two species described in this study, the genus Phytopythium has grown from around 10 to beyond 20 recognized species over the past decade, and it seems likely that several more species of this genus await discovery.
Phishing and Spear Phishing: examples in Cyber Espionage and techniques to protect against them
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

Phishing attacks have become the most used technique in the online scams, initiating more than 91% of cyberattacks, from 2012 onwards. This study reviews how Phishing and Spear Phishing attacks are carried out by the phishers, through 5 steps which magnify the outcome, increasing the chance of success. The focus will be also given on four different layers of protection against these social engineering attacks, showing their strengths and weaknesses; the first and second layers consist of automated tools and decision aid tools. the third one is users' knowledge and expertise to deal with potential threats. The last layer, defined as "external" will underline the importance of having a Multi factor authentication, an effective way to provide an enhanced security, creating a further layer of protection against Phishing and Spear Phishing.
Automatic Generation of Contrast Sets from Scene Graphs: Probing the Compositional Consistency of GQA
Venue: NAACL
Year: 2021

Recent works have shown that supervised models often exploit data artifacts to achieve good test scores while their performance severely degrades on samples outside their training distribution. Contrast sets (Gardneret al. 2020) quantify this phenomenon by perturbing test samples in a minimal way such that the output label is modified. While most contrast sets were created manually, requiring intensive annotation effort, we present a novel method which leverages rich semantic input representation to automatically generate contrast sets for the visual question answering task. Our method computes the answer of perturbed questions, thus vastly reducing annotation cost and enabling thorough evaluation of models' performance on various semantic aspects (e.g. spatial or relational reasoning) We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on the GQA dataset and its semantic scene graph image representation. We find that, despite GQA's compositionality and carefully balanced label distribution, two high performing models drop 13 17% in accuracy compared to the original test set. Finally, we show that our automatic perturbation can be applied to the training set to mitigate the degradation in performance, opening the door to more robust models.
Vote for It: Investigating Mobile Device Based Interaction Techniques for Collocated Anonymous Voting and Rating
Venue: INTERACT
Year: 2019

During discussions in collocated work it is necessary to vote for results or to rate them to reach an agreement and continue working. To ensure impartiality and to avoid social embarrassment, the assessment should then be performed anonymously in so far as other groups members should not see directly how a person votes or rates. With a growing number of digital devices in collaboration, this requirement also concerns such kinds of equipment. Our approach of ensuring anonymity of individual votes and ratings submitted on personal mobile phones is to avoid shoulder surfing activities. For this purpose, we designed four device based interactions that aim at being easy to use and eyes free to perform to stay in touch with the environment and potential shoulder surfers. We conducted a user study to investigate these interaction techniques and observed seven groups with four participants each while testing the interactions. Participants evaluated usability and User Experience (UX) aspects as well as unobtrusiveness of the four device based interactions. Furthermore, participants gave valuable user feedback and stated that our proposed interactions help to avoid shoulder surfing.
Estrategia para fomentar la transferencia del conocimiento en la Jefatura de Formacion, Instruccion y Educacion Naval de la Armada Nacional
Year: 2020

El conocimiento, las habilidades y la experiencia de las personas constituyen un factor importante para impulsar el crecimiento y el desarrollo en las organizaciones; existe el riesgo de que una vez alcanzado un nivel de competencia y experticia en determinada funcion, las personas decidan cambiar de organizacion o sean trasladadas a otro cargo, sin que el conocimiento que han adquirido se transfiera adecuadamente a quienes los reemplazan; esto genera traumatismo en la operacion y puede conducir a sobrecostos e incremento en los plazos. Este articulo presenta una propuesta para fomentar la transferencia de conocimiento en la Jefatura de Formacion, Instruccion y Educacion Naval de la Armada Nacional, entidad en la cual se presenta una alta rotacion interna del personal militar y civil, lo cual genera perdida de conocimiento. Mediante un estudio mixto que incluyo una revision de la bibliografia sobre transferencia del conocimiento y la aplicacion de un instrumento para diagnosticar la gestion del conocimiento, basado en la teoria de Nonaka y Takeuchi, se elaboro una propuesta para facilitar la transferencia de conocimiento en la Jefatura, la cual se valido por expertos; la fiabilidad del juicio de expertos se corroboro mediante la aplicacion del coeficiente de correlacion alfa de Cronbach y el coeficiente de concordancia W de Kendall.