nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Very Early Salvage Radiotherapy Improves Distant Metastasis Free Survival
Venue: The Journal of urology
Year: 2017

Early salvage radiotherapy following radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer is commonly advocated in place of adjuvant radiotherapy. We aimed to determine the optimal definition of early salvage radiotherapy.  We performed a multi institutional retrospective study of 657 men who underwent salvage radiotherapy between 1986 and 2013. Two comparisons were made to determine the optimal definition of early salvage radiotherapy, including 1) the time from radical prostatectomy to salvage radiotherapy (less than 9, 9 to 21, 22 to 47 or greater than 48 months) and 2) the level of detectable pre salvage radiotherapy prostate specific antigen (0.01 to 0.2, greater than 0.2 to 0.5 or greater than 0.5 ng/ml) Outcomes included freedom from salvage androgen deprivation therapy, and biochemical relapse free, distant metastases free and prostate cancer specific survival.  Median followup was 9.8 years. Time from radical prostatectomy to salvage radiotherapy did not correlate with 10 year biochemical relapse free survival rates (R2 0.18) Increasing pre salvage radiotherapy prostate specific antigen strongly correlated with biochemical relapse free survival (R2 0.91) Increasing detectable pre salvage radiotherapy prostate specific antigen (0.01 to 0.2, greater than 0.2 to 0.5 and greater than 0.5 ng/ml) predicted worse 10 year biochemical relapse free survival (62% 44% and 27% freedom from salvage androgen deprivation therapy (77% 66% and 49% distant metastases free survival (86% 79% and 66% each p <0.001) and prostate cancer specific survival (93% 89% and 80% respectively, p 0.001) On multivariable analysis early salvage radiotherapy (prostate specific antigen greater than 0.2 to 0.5 ng/ml) was associated with a twofold increase in biochemical failure, use of salvage androgen deprivation therapy and distant metastases compared to very early salvage radiotherapy (prostate specific antigen 0.01 to 0.2 ng/ml)  The duration from radical prostatectomy to salvage radiotherapy is not independently prognostic for outcomes after salvage radiotherapy and it should not be used to define early salvage radiotherapy. Grouping all patients with pre salvage radiotherapy prostate specific antigen 0.5 ng/ml or less may be inadequate to define early salvage radiotherapy and it has a relevant impact on ongoing and future clinical trials.
Bio(Sensing) devices based on ferrocene functionalized graphene and carbon nanotubes
Year: 2016

Both carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene are important pillars in the ongoing efforts to devise new applications in nanotechnology. One of their most promising applications is building devices such as sensors and biosensors, which is important step for the development of personalized medical healthcare devices. Mediators are usually used and sought to modify the physicochemical properties of these materials. In this review, we highlight the importance of the functionalization of CNT and graphene derivatives with redox molecules taking ferrocene derivatives as a model molecule. The employed techniques during (bio)sensing measurements using various functionalization strategies are also described. In addition, we discuss various aspects related to the applications of ferrocene modified CNTs and graphene in electrochemical sensors and biosensors with a focus on the explanation of both CNTs/graphene and ferrocene contributions in the catalytic systems, which in turn enhance the analytical performance of the (bio)sensing devices.
Explaining Africa's Debt: The Journey So Far and the Arithmetic of the Policymaker
Year: 2020

This paper provides a trajectory of Africa's debt levels over the past decades. We observe that, the continent's debt to GDP is rising and approaching levels that could potentially cause distress and reverse economic gains registered over the period. While Africa's growth prospects are promising, the real interest rates could be rising in the future due to slowing growth in emerging markets and tighter global financial conditions. With the interest rate growth differential as the main drivers of overall debt dynamics, we argue that, African countries should aim at high real growth rates as a key element of their debt sustainability strategy. Overall, this paper recommends that policymakers could reduce the debt to GDP ratio by accelerating growth and improving primary balances.
Tea polyphenols for health promotion.
Venue: Life sciences
Year: 2007

People have been consuming brewed tea from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant for almost 50 centuries. Although health benefits have been attributed to tea, especially green tea consumption since the beginning of its history, scientific investigations of this beverage and its constituents have been underway for less than three decades. Currently, tea, in the form of green or black tea, next to water, is the most widely consumed beverage in the world. In vitro and animal studies provide strong evidence that polyphenols derived from tea may possess the bioactivity to affect the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases. Among all tea polyphenols, epigallocatechin 3 gallate has been shown to be responsible for much of the health promoting ability of green tea. Tea and tea preparations have been shown to inhibit tumorigenesis in a variety of animal models of carcinogenesis. However, with increasing interest in the health promoting properties of tea and a significant rise in scientific investigation, this review covers recent findings on the medicinal properties and health benefits of tea with special reference to cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
Assessment of Serum Level of 25 Hydroxy Vitamin D in Patients with Acne Vulgaris
Year: 2019

acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit, characterized by the formation of non inflammatory comedones and inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules and cysts.  the aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of vitamin D in a group of Egyptian patients with acne vulgaris in comparison to controls, in order to shed more light on its possible role in the pathogenesis and detect any relation between vitamin D and acne severity.  the study recruited 90 subjects, 60 acne vulgaris patients and 30 age and sex matched healthy controls. All patients were subjected to detailed history taking and examination to detect extent and severity of acne vulgaris. Blood samples were taken from all participants to assess serum 25 OH D level.  revealed lower serum vitamin D levels in acne patients in comparison to controls, with statistically significant p value (0.009) Serum 25 OH D level showed no significant difference in females than in males in both patients (p 0.726) and controls in comparison to patients (p 0.794) There was no significant difference in level of 25 OH D between participants reporting adequate sun exposure and those reporting inadequate sun exposure in patients (p 0.804) but it was statistically significant p value in controls in comparison to patients (p 0.001)  the present study revealed lower, statistically significant, serum vitamin D levels in acne patients, suggesting a possible role for vitamin D supplementation in acne treatment.
Generalizing Rules of Three
Year: 2017

This behavior has been seen in some notable cases. Kirillov  shows that elementary symmetric polynomials in noncommuting variables commute (and, in some cases, all Schur functions) when elementary symmetric polynomials of degree at most three commute when restricted to at most three of the variables. Generalizing this, Blasiak and Fomin  give a wider theory for rules of three of generating functions over rings via rules of three in sums and products.
A Practical Workflow of Full Waveform Inversion to Process Land Seismic Data: Synthetic Study
Year: 2018

Designing successful applications of elastic full waveform inversion to 3D land seismic data is challenging. As a preliminary step to investigate such a difficult topic, a realistic target extracted from the SEAM II Foothill benchmark is considered. In such environments with complex near surface (topography and complex near surface properties) three main difficulties are faced: complex and energetic surface wave masking body waves, unknown source wavelet, and potential trade offs between multiple parameters describing the subsurface mechanical properties. In this study, we focus on the two first of these difficulties. Relying on the spectral element modeling and inversion code SEM46, we implement an automatic workflow based on a hierarchical data separation designed to introduce surface waves in a later step in the inversion process. We also implement an efficient time domain source wavelet estimation allowing to update the source estimation at each iteration of the inversion at almost no cost. These two ingredients make possible the successful reconstruction of both P wave and S wave velocity models for the target we consider.
IUCN situation analysis on East and Southeast Asian intertidal habitats, with particular reference to the Yellow Sea (including the Bohai Sea)
Year: 2012

The IUCN Species Survival Commission and IUCN Asia Regional Office commissioned this independent report to assess the state and condition of intertidal habitats along the East Asian Australasian Flyway (EAAF) in response to growing concerns expressed by IUCN members over observed declines in biodiversity, the loss of ecological services, and an increase in ecological disasters. This report is a situation analysis, and it seeks to gather in one place the relevant data and analyses, and to present as clear a picture of the status of the intertidal zone in the EAAF as the data allow. By intention, this report makes no recommendations, but it should serve as a resource for those stakeholders empowered to make or influence decisions and policies in the region.
Multimodal Analysis of the Tissue Response to a Bone Anchored Hearing Implant: Presentation of a Two Year Case Report of a Patient With Recurrent Pain, Inflammation, and Infection, Including a Systematic Literature Review
Venue: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Year: 2021

Osseointegration is a well established concept used in applications including the percutaneous Bone Anchored Hearing System (BAHS) and auricular rehabilitation. To date, few retrieved implants have been described. A systematic review including cases where percutaneous bone anchored implants inserted in the temporal bone were retrieved and analyzed was performed. We also present the case of a patient who received a BAHS for mixed hearing loss. After the initial surgery, several episodes of soft tissue inflammation accompanied by pain were observed, leading to elective abutment removal 14 months post surgery. Two years post implantation, the implant was removed due to pain and subjected to a multiscale and multimodal analysis: microbial DNA using molecular fingerprinting, gene expression using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) X ray microcomputed tomography (micro CT) histology, histomorphometry, backscattered scanning electron microscopy (BSE SEM) Raman spectroscopy, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) Evidence of osseointegration was provided via micro CT, histology, BSE SEM, and Raman spectroscopy. Polymicrobial colonization in the periabutment area and on the implant, including that with Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, was determined using a molecular analysis via a 16S 23S rDNA interspace [IS] region based profiling method (IS Pro) The histology suggested bacterial colonization in the skin and in the peri implant bone. FISH confirmed the localization of S. aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci in the skin. Ten articles (54 implants, 47 patients) met the inclusion criteria for the literature search. The analyzed samples were either BAHS (35 implants) or bone anchored aural epitheses (19 implants) in situ between 2 weeks and 8 years. The main reasons for elective removal were nonuse/changes in treatment, pain, or skin reactions. Most samples were evaluated using histology, demonstrating osseointegration, but with the absence of bone under the implants' proximal flange. Taken together, the literature and this case report show clear evidence of osseointegration, despite prominent complications. Nevertheless, despite implant osseointegration, chronic pain related to the BAHS may be associated with a chronic bacterial infection and raised inflammatory response in the absence of macroscopic signs of infection. It is suggested that a multimodal analysis of peri implant health provides possibilities for device improvements and to guide diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to alleviate the impact of complications.
CVSS based Multi Factor Dynamic Risk Assessment Model for Network System
Venue: 2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on Electronics Information and Emergency Communication (ICEIEC)
Year: 2020

The risk assessment model of network systems is designed to provide quantifiable evidence to assist security administrators in choosing appropriate defend methods. Most models measure the overall risk by combining CVSS base scores of system vulnerabilities. However, they merely consider the impact of dynamic risk factors including attacker capability and evolutions of vulnerabilities. To address this issue, we propose a CVSS based Multi Factor dynamic risk assessment Model, CMFM. It uses attack paths to model an attacker's capability, which is thus used to estimate the successful probabilities about vulnerability exploitations. Besides, we exploit both static and time variant factors of vulnerabilities to produce a better estimation result. The final system risk assessment can then be accessed via a Bayesian attack graph. We evaluate the proposed model in two scenarios, all of which demonstrate that CMFM outperforms the state of the art models in assessing the dynamic risk status of network systems.
A Reference Architecture for Group Context Aware Mobile Applications
Venue: MobiCASE
Year: 2012

Handheld mobile technology is reaching first responders and soldiers in the field to help with mission execution. A characteristic of mission execution environments is that people are typically deployed in teams or groups to execute the mission. Most commercially available context aware mobile applications are based on context expressed mainly as location and time of an individual device plus the device user's preferences or history. This work extends context to consider the group that the individual is a part of and presents a reference architecture for group context aware mobile applications that integrates contextual information from individuals and nearby team members operating to execute a mission. The architecture is highly extensible to support changes in context data models, context data storage mechanisms, context reasoning engines and rules, sensors, communication mechanisms and context views. A prototype implementation was built to demonstrate the validity and extensibility of the reference architecture.
Genetic Approaches Using Zebrafish to Study the Microbiota Gut Brain Axis in Neurological Disorders
Venue: Cells
Year: 2021

The microbiota gut brain axis (MGBA) is a bidirectional signaling pathway mediating the interaction of the microbiota, the intestine, and the central nervous system. While the MGBA plays a pivotal role in normal development and physiology of the nervous and gastrointestinal system of the host, its dysfunction has been strongly implicated in neurological disorders, where intestinal dysbiosis and derived metabolites cause barrier permeability defects and elicit local inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, concomitant with increased pro inflammatory cytokines, mobilization and infiltration of immune cells into the brain, and the dysregulated activation of the vagus nerve, culminating in neuroinflammation and neuronal dysfunction of the brain and behavioral abnormalities. In this topical review, we summarize recent findings in human and animal models regarding the roles of the MGBA in physiological and neuropathological conditions, and discuss the molecular, genetic, and neurobehavioral characteristics of zebrafish as an animal model to study the MGBA. The exploitation of zebrafish as an amenable genetic model combined with in vivo imaging capabilities and gnotobiotic approaches at the whole organism level may reveal novel mechanistic insights into microbiota gut brain interactions, especially in the context of neurological disorders such as autism spectrum disorder and Alzheimer's disease.
EPILOGUE
Venue: Studies in Second Language Acquisition
Year: 2010

Lyster and Saito (this issue) in their excellent meta analysis of classroombased oral corrective feedback (CF) studies, comment that "the fi eld of CF research has grown dramatically over the last 20 years" (p. 295) Lyster and Saito are referring to oral CF research, but in fact this growth is evident in both oral and written CF research. In the case of oral CF studies, there has been a progression from predominantly descriptive studies aimed at developing taxonomies of the CF strategies (e.g. Allwright, 1975 Chaudron, 1977 to experimental studies that investigate the effects of different types of CF strategies on second language (L2) development (e.g. Lyster, 2004 Sheen, 2007b In the case of written CF studies, there has been a progression from studies concerned primarily with the effects of CF on learners' revision of their original texts (e.g. Fathman Whalley, 1990 to experimental studies with designs similar to those found in oral CF research that investigate what effect written CF has on the accuracy with which learners use specifi c grammatical structures in new pieces of writing (Bitchener, 2008 Sheen, 2007a Why has the interest in CF been so intense? The answer to this question lies partly in the fact that CF is of both theoretical relevance to SLA researchers and of practical concern to language teachers and partly in the fact that it is a highly researchable phenomenon. The theoretical signifi cance of CF research is perhaps more evident in the case of oral CF studies. SLA theories differ both in the importance attached to CF and in the type of feedback hypothesized needed for acquisition. Thus, whereas theories derived from Chomsky's Universal Grammar (e.g. Schwartz, 1993 claim that acquisition is driven entirely by positive evidence and, thus, that CF has no role as a source of negative
Using beryllium 7 to monitor the relative proportions of interrill and rill erosion from loessal soil slopes in a single rainfall event
Year: 2011

Quantifying the relative proportions of soil losses due to interrill and rill erosion processes during erosion events is an important factor in predicting total soil losses and sediment transport and deposition. Beryllium 7 (7)Be) can provide a convenient way to trace sediment movement over short timescales providing information that can potentially be applied to longer term, larger scale erosion processes. We used simulated rainstorms to generate soil erosion from two experimental plots (5 m 4 m; 25 degrees slope) containing a bare, hand cultivated loessal soil, and measured (7)Be activities to identify the erosion processes contributing to eroded material movement and/or deposition in a flat area at the foot of the slope. Based on the mass balance of (7)Be detected in the eroded soil source and in the sediments, the proportions of material from interrill and rill erosion processes were estimated in the total soil losses, the deposited sediments in the flat area, and in the suspended sediments discharged from the plots. The proportion of interrill eroded material in the discharged sediment decreased over time as that of rill eroded material increased. The amount of deposited material was greatly affected by overland flow rates. The estimated amounts of rill eroded material calculated using (7)Be activities were in good agreement with those based on physical measurements of total plot rill volumes. Although time lags of 45 and 11 minutes existed between detection of sediment being removed by rill erosion, based on (7)Be activities, and observed rill initiation times, our results suggest that the use of (7)Be tracer has the potential to accurately quantify the processes of erosion from bare, loessal cultivated slopes and of deposition in flatter, downslope areas that occur in single rainfall events. Such measurements could be applied to estimate longer term erosion occurring over larger areas possessing similar landforms.
GIAI PHAP IoT DE GIAM SAT, DIEU KHIEN HE THONG CHIEU SANG CONG CONG DO THI SU DUNG CONG NGHE LED TREN CO SO CONG NGHE LoRa
Year: 2017

TOM TAT: Hien nay do su phat trien cua cong nghe LED, do yeu cau buc thiet viec tiet kiem dien nang, cac he thong chieu sang noi chung, he thong chieu sang cong cong noi rieng dang duoc thay the bang cong nghe den LED. He thong chieu sang voi cong nghe LED cho phep tiet kiem dien nang hieu qua, thoi gian song dai nhung cung doi hoi he thong giam sat, dieu khien phu hop voi dac diem cua cong nghe den LED. Bai bao nay dua ra mot giai phap IoT tren co so cong nghe LoRa cho phep thu thap du lieu, giam sat va dieu khien he thong chieu sang do thi su dung cong nghe den LED. Qua qua trinh thu nghiem, he thong to ra dap ung duoc yeu cau cua he thong va de dang tich hop voi cac cong nghe IoT khac.
Pectin from Citrus Canning Wastewater as Potential Fat Replacer in Ice Cream
Venue: Molecules
Year: 2018

Pectin had been recovered from canning wastewater produced by chemical treatment of segment membrane during preparation of canned citrus in our previous research. The purpose of this study was to characterize the extracted pectin from canning wastewater, and to evaluate its application as a fat alternative to replace fat in ice cream. The monosaccharide composition and rheological properties of the pectin were determined. The influences of fat reduction and pectin addition on the physicochemical, rheological and sensory properties of low fat ice cream were determined. The rheological results showed that pectin solutions were typical pseudoplastic fluids. The addition of pectin in ice cream can cause an increase in viscosity, overrun, and hardness, and a decrease in meltdown of the ice cream. When 0.72% pectin (w/w) is incorporated into ice cream, a prototype product of ice cream with 45% lower fat content compared to the control was made. Results indicated that their qualities such as appearance, flavor, and taste were not significantly different. The low fat ice cream had higher smoothness scores and lower mouth coating scores. Hence, pectin extracted from citrus canning wastewater can be potentially used as fat replacer in ice cream, which benefits both the environment and the food industry.
A New Species of Megaselia (Diptera: Phoridae) Associated with Brood Provisions of Nests of Neocorynura (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)
Year: 2016

Males and females of Megaselia neocorynurae n. sp. from the Eastern Andes of Colombia are described and illustrated. Females of this species can be recognized by the peculiar white color of the region of tergites 5 and 6 in the abdomen, and males by the combination of rela tively large body size, dark color, presence of four supra antennal setae and four large scutellar se tae, and the unusual erect cerci of the terminalia. Larvae of M. neocorynurae n. sp. were found feeding on brood provision 11.4 and 14.9% of the cells of two as yet undescribed species of Neo corynura. These associations represent the first halictid host for Megaselia as well as the first ex amples of this phorid fly genus as a kleptoparasite of halictid bees. Biological information of M. neocorynurae n. sp. is compared with that known for Phalacrotophora halictorum, the only pre viously known phorid fly associated with brood provisions of Halictidae.