nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient Dynamic Parallel MRI Reconstruction for the Low Rank Plus Sparse Model
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging
Year: 2019

The low rank plus sparse (L+S) decomposition model enables the reconstruction of undersampled dynamic parallel magnetic resonance imaging data. Solving for the low rank and the sparse components involves nonsmooth composite convex optimization, and algorithms for this problem can be categorized into proximal gradient methods and variable splitting methods. This paper investigates new efficient algorithms for both schemes. While current proximal gradient techniques for the L+S model involve the classical iterative soft thresholding algorithm (ISTA) this paper considers two accelerated alternatives, one based on the fast iterative shrinkage thresholding algorithm (FISTA) and the other with the recent proximal optimized gradient method (POGM) In the augmented Lagrangian (AL) framework, we propose an efficient variable splitting scheme based on the form of the data acquisition operator, leading to simpler computation than the conjugate gradient approach required by existing AL methods. Numerical results suggest faster convergence of the efficient implementations for both frameworks, with POGM providing the fastest convergence overall and the practical benefit of being free of algorithm tuning parameters.
Studies of Novel Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID 19) Pandemic: A Global Analysis of Literature
Venue: medRxiv
Year: 2020

An exponential growth of literature about novel coronavirus disease 19 (COVID 19) has been observed in the last few months. This textual analysis of 5,780 publications extracted from the Web of Science, Medline, and Scopus databases was performed to explore the current research focuses and propose further research agenda. The Latent Dirichlet allocation was used for topic modeling. Regression analysis was conducted to examine country variations in the research focuses. Results indicated that publications were mainly contributed by the United States, China, and European countries. Guidelines for emergency care and surgical, viral pathogenesis, and global responses in the COVID 19 pandemic were the most common topics. There was variation in the research approaches to mitigate COVID 19 problems in countries with different income and transmission levels. Findings highlighted the need for global research collaboration among high and low/middle income countries in the different stages of prevention and control the pandemic.
Ultrasound assisted biodiesel production by a novel composite of Fe(III) based MOF and phosphotangestic acid as efficient and reusable catalyst.
Venue: Ultrasonics sonochemistry
Year: 2017

In this work, esterification of oleic acid by various alcohols is achieved with high yields under ultrasonic irradiation. This reaction performed with a novel heterogeneous catalyst that fabricated by heteropoly acid and Fe(III) based MOF, namely MIL 53 (Fe) Syntheses of MIL 53 and encapsulation process carry out by ultrasound irradiation at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. The prepared composite was characterized by various techniques such as XRD, FT IR, SEM, BET and ICP that demonstrate excellent catalytic activities, while being highly convenient to synthesize. The obtained results revealed that ultrasound irradiation could be used for the appropriate and rapid biodiesel production.
Detecting fake news in social media
Venue: Commun. ACM
Year: 2020

IN M ARCH 2011, the catastrophic accident known as "The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster" took place, initiated by the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Japan. The only nuclear accident to receive a Level 7 classification on the International Nuclear Event Scale since the Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster in 1986, the Fukushima event triggered global concerns and rumors regarding radiation leaks. Among the false rumors was an image, which had been described as a map of radioactive discharge emanating into the Pacific Ocean, as illustrated in the accompanying figure. In fact, this figure, depicting the wave height of the tsunami that followed, still to this date circulates on social media with the inaccurate description. Social media is ideal for spreading rumors, because it lacks censorship. Confirmation bias and filter bubble effects further amplify the spread of unconfirmed information. Upon public outcry, independent fact checking organizations have emerged globally, and many platforms are making efforts to fight against fake news. For example, the state run Factually website in Singapore has been known to clarify falsehoods since its inception in May 2012, which was followed recently by the implementation of the Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act (POFMA) in October 2019. In Taiwan, the government officially created a feature on the website of the Executive Yuan (the executive branch of Taiwan's government) to identify erroneous reporting and combat the spread of fake news. Taiwan's Open Culture Foundation has also developed and introduced the well known anti fake fact checking chatbot Cofacts in May 2018. The Indonesia government since 2018 has held weekly briefings on hoax news; that same year, the country revised its Criminal Code to permit the imprisonment for up to six years of anyone spreading fake news. Governments in the Asia and Oceania region, including South Korea, Singapore, Japan, Taiwan, Philippines, Cambodia, Malaysia, have enacted relevant laws to prevent fake news from spreading. Nonetheless, fact checking of fake news remains daunting, and requires tremendous time and effort in terms of human investigation. Moreover, it is prone to low efficiency and inadequate coverage due to the complexity of the topics being checked, and is incapable of keeping up with the fast DOI:10.1145/3378422
Relacion entre el estilo de crianza parental y la depresion y ansiedad en ninos entre 3 y 13 anos
Year: 2019

espanolA pesar de su escasa visibilidad, los problemas internalizantes estan cada vez mas presentes en los ninos, unidos en muchas ocasiones a unas pautas de crianza poco adecuadas por parte de sus progenitores. En este articulo se analiza la relacion existente entre la depresion y la ansiedad en los ninos, medida por sus padres a traves del Sistema de Evaluacion de la Conducta de Ninos y Adolescentes (BASC) y el estilo de crianza segun el Cuestionario de Crianza Parental (PCRI M) y diferentes variables familiares. Participaron en el estudio 554 ninos (288 ninos y 266 ninas) entre 3 y 13 anos, junto con sus padres y madres. Los resultados muestran que los ninos con mayores puntuaciones en depresion se corresponden con progenitores con bajo nivel de apoyo, satisfaccion con la crianza, compromiso, comunicacion, autonomia y disciplina de ambos progenitores, junto con una baja distribucion de rol por parte de la madre. Los ninos con altas puntuaciones en ansiedad tendieron a presentar progenitores con bajo nivel de apoyo, disciplina y autonomia, junto con un bajo nivel de satisfaccion con la crianza y distribucion de rol en la madre. Ademas, el analisis de regresion arroja modelos capaces de predecir el 31% de la varianza respecto a la depresion y el 16% de la varianza en relacion con la ansiedad. Finalmente se discute la utilidad de estos resultados para el planteamiento de programas de pautas de crianza basados en aspectos concretos de la practica educativa diaria. EnglishDespite its low visibility, internalizing problems are increasingly present in children, and they are often associated to inadequate parenting patterns. This paper analyses a possible existing relationship between depression and anxiety in children, reported by parents through the BASC (Behaviour Assessment System for Children) and the parenting style according to the PCRI (Parent Child Relationship Inventory) along with different family variables. In this study 554 children (288 male and 266 female) aged 3 13 years old participated. The results show that children with higher depression scores were more likely to have parents with a low level of support, satisfaction with parenting, involvement, communication, autonomy and limit setting of both parents, along with a low role orientation by their mothers. Children with high anxiety scores were more likely to have parents who have low level of support, limit setting and autonomy, along with a low level of satisfaction with parenting and role orientation in the mother. Furthermore, the regression analysis sheds models capable of predicting 31% of the variance of depression and 16% of the variance for the anxiety model. Finally, we discuss the utility of the results for the design of guide programmes based upon concrete aspects of the daily educational practice.
Authentic Materials For Teaching Writing: A Critical Look
Venue: International Journal of Language Education
Year: 2019

Teaching writing is not easy. Writing teachers often face problems with what kind of materials suitable for the students. This paper is intended to describe 1) the theoretical relationship between Content Based Instruction and authentic materials that can be used by language teachers to teach writing in the classroom, 2) the previous studies of authentic materials used for teaching writing, 3) the type of authentic materials which can be used for teaching writing, and 4) the advantages and disadvantages of using authentic materials for teaching writing. The method used was qualitative research focused on content analysis. The instrument used was mainly human instrument and documentation. The result of the extensive review of literature shows that 1) one of the main feature of content based instruction is the use of authentic materials for teaching; 2) most studies in the area of authentic materials for teaching writing shows the effectiveness of authentic materials for teaching procedure texts, descriptive texts and essay writing; 3) the type of authentic materials used for teaching writing is categorized based on how it is transmitted, namely audio, visual, and printed material materials; 4) aside from having its advantages, authentic materials also give challenges for the teacher to use it for classroom teaching, among others are practicality, comprehensibility and appropriateness.
Species delimitation in the genus Greenwayodendron based on morphological and genetic markers reveals new species
Venue: TAXON
Year: 2019

Combining genetic and morphological markers is a powerful approach for species delimitation, much needed in tropical species complexes. Greenwayodendron (Annonaceae) is a widespread genus of trees distributed from West to East African rainforests. Two species and four infra specific taxa are currently recognized. However, preliminary genetic studies and morphological observations suggested the occurrence of additional species, undescribed to date. We tested species delimitation within Greenwayodendron by combining morphological and population genetics data. First, a visual inspection of about a thousand specimens suggested the existence of seven morphogroups: four of them occur in Central Africa and overlap in Gabon while three others are allopatric, occurring respectively in West Africa, East Africa, and the islands of Sao Tome and Principe. Their morphological differentiation was confirmed by analysis of 27 morphological characters coded from 233 herbarium specimens. Second, after genotyping 800 samples at eight nuclear microsatellites, Bayesian clustering analyses (STRUCTURE) identified four genetic clusters corresponding to the well sampled morphogroups but failed to separate the three remaining morphogroups represented by few samples. However, we show that this is an inherent limit of the STRUCTURE algorithm, whereas factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) and pairwise FST and RST measures confirmed the genetic differentiation of all morphogroups. We considered that a clear genetic differentiation occurring between sympatric populations advocates for recognizing distinct species following the biological species concept. Our analyses highlight that the current taxonomic treatment of Greenwayodendron underestimates the total number of species. We identified two new species and support separation at the rank of species of two varieties (G. suaveolens subsp. suaveolens var. gabonica, G. suaveolens subsp. suaveolens var. suaveolens) and one subspecies (G. suaveolens subsp. usambaricum) The taxonomic status of specimens collected in Sao Tome and Principe remains inconclusive, partly due to the limited fertile material available. Our study highlights the strength of combining morphological and population genetics data for discovering new taxa. Guidelines for using genetic clustering approaches in species delimitation are provided.
Webinars and Other Online Resources for Gemmological Education
Year: 2020

See PDF Jewellery Outlook, an online trade magazine, offers webinars on a range of gem and jewellery marketing topics, such as the impact of COVID 19 on trade shows, digital advances in gem and jewellery trade practices, and more See PDF In addition to hosting webinars on their YouTube channel as mentioned in the previous issue, the Responsible Jewellery Council has made various webinars available on their website at www responsiblejewellery com/hub/news and events, including 'Responsible Sourcing of Gold and Diamonds in a Post COVID 19 World' 'Gold Jewellery Industry in the Pandemic Now and Future' business leadership discussions and other global jewellery topics See PDF The Symposium on the Effects of Covid 19 on ASMs [Artisanal and Small Scale Miners] in the Gemstone Supply Chain was held online 13 14 May 2020 and hosted by the Responsible Jewelry Transformative (producer of the Chicago Responsible Jewelry Conference)
A novel DEA model based on uncertainty theory
Venue: Ann. Oper. Res.
Year: 2018

In deterministic DEA models, precise values are assigned to input and output data while they are intrinsically subjected to some degree of uncertainty. Most studies in this area are based on the assumption that inputs and outputs are equipped with some pre known knowledge that enables one to use probability theory or fuzzy theory. In the lack of such data, one has to trust on the experts' opinions, which can be considered as a sort of uncertainty. In this situation, the axiomatic approach of uncertainty theory initiated by Liu (Uncertainty theory.  2007) could be an adequate powerful tool. Applying this theory, Wen et al. ( 2014; Soft Comput 1987 1996, 2015) suggested an uncertain DEA model while it has the disadvantage of pessimism. In this paper, we introduce another uncertain DEA model with the objective of acquiring the highest belief degree that the evaluated DMU is efficient. We also apply this model in ranking of the evaluated DMUs. Implementation of the model on different illustrative examples reveals that the ranks of DMUs are almost stable in our model. This observation states that the rank of a DMU may roughly alternate with respect to the variation of minimum belief degrees. Our proposed model also compensates the rather optimistic point of view in the Wen et al. model that identifies all DMUs as efficient for higher belief degrees.
Identification of pests and assessment of their damage on Carapa procera and Lophira lanceolata in Burkina Faso, West Africa
Venue: Journal of Forestry Research
Year: 2016

Nontimber forest products are a source of income for women in rural African communities. However, these products are frequently damaged by insect pests. The present study investigates the diversity and damage rates of insect pests that attack Carapa procera seeds and Lophira lanceolata fruits. The experiment was set up in western Burkina Faso and, for C. carapa, consisted of pests collected from seeds that had fallen to the ground and from stockpiled seeds. For L. lanceolata, pests were collected from fruits on the trees, and on the ground. The collected samples were sent to the laboratory to estimate the proportion of damaged seeds/fruits and rear the insects. The results showed that Ephestia spp. Tribolium castaneum, Oryzeaphilus spp. and Tenebroides mauritanicus were the pests of Carapa procera seeds and Lophira lanceolata fruits. Ephestia spp. was recorded as the main pest of both C. procera and L. lanceolata, whereas T. castaneum was only detected from seeds of L. lanceolata. For C. procera, the stocks were the most infested (29 by Ephestia spp. The infestation rate of fruits of L. lanceolata by Ephestia spp. on trees (31.42 3.75 was less than the rate of fruits by T. castaneum on the ground (44.00 3.5 The different body sizes of Ephestia spp. may indicate the occurrence of two putative species, one from C. procera and another one from L. lanceolata. This work provides important information that could contribute to the setting up of a local scale sustainable management framework for oil tree pests in Burkina Faso and surrounding countries.
What's Life Got to Do With It? The Role of Life Experiences in Shaping Female Community College Students' Transfer Intent in STEM Fields of Study
Year: 2016

Transfer in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields from community colleges to 4 year institutions holds great policy significance in alleviating the female underrepresentation in the STEM pipeline, with proportionately more female students attending community colleges. Considering the knowledge gap on this often overlooked topic, we draw upon interview and survey data to explore how life experiences influence the intent to transfer among first year community college women beginning in STEM. Integrating narrative inquiry to do so, this study paints a complex portrait of two female community college students and the multiple roles and experiences they must reconcile, negotiate, and renegotiate as they navigate toward or away from transfer in STEM. The narratives that emerged reveal the complexity of transfer intent, the importance of recognizing the impact of life experiences, and the ways in which to use such experiences as supports rather than barriers to enhance the educational pathways for these students. Further discussion of implications and concluding thoughts are included.
The history and current status of glyphosate.
Venue: Pest management science
Year: 2018

Glyphosate is the only herbicide to target the enzyme 5 enolpyruvyl 3 shikimate phosphate synthase (EPSPS) It is a high use rate, non selective herbicide that translocates primarily to metabolic sinks, killing meristematic tissues away from the application site. Its phloem mobile properties and slow action in killing weeds allow the herbicide to move throughout the plant to kill all meristems, making it effective for perennial weed control. Since commercialization in 1974, its use has grown to dominate the herbicide market. Much of its use is on transgenic, glyphosate resistant crops (GRCs) which have been the dominant transgenic crops worldwide. GRCs with glyphosate provided the most effective and inexpensive weed management technology in history for a decade or more. However, as a consequence of the rapid increase in glyphosate resistant (GR) weeds, the effectiveness of glyphosate use in GRCs is declining. Critics have claimed that glyphosate treated GRCs have altered mineral nutrition and increased susceptibility to plant pathogens because of glyphosate's ability to chelate divalent metal cations, but the complete resistance of GRCs to glyphosate indicates that chelating metal cations do not contribute to the herbicidal activity or significantly affect mineral nutrition. The rates of increases in yields of maize, soybean, and cotton in the USA have been unchanged after high adoption rates of GRCs. Glyphosate is toxic to some plant pathogens, and thereby can act as a fungicide in GRCs. Ultra low doses of glyphosate stimulate plant growth in glyphosate susceptible plants by unknown mechanisms. Despite rapid and widespread increases in GR weeds, glyphosate use has not decreased. However, as GR weeds increase, adoption of alternative technologies will eventually lead to decreased use.
Legal Aspects of the Implementation of European Union's Common Commercial Policy: Lithuanian Experience and Practice
Year: 2016

Implementation of this policy is characterized by the fact that it is based on an exclusive competence of the EU, which after the Treaty of Lisbon (2009) became even more apparent. Therefore the countries of the EU should follow the same legal principles and rules in the regulation of their foreign trade, that is to apply the uniform EU rules on the calculation of customs duties and determination of the customs origin of goods, customs valuation and tariff classification of goods (Common Customs Tariff) However, implementation of these provisions is always experiencing stress due to the different interests of the EU Member States and the different national practices, especially when the administration of customs duties is actually implemented only at the level of individual EU Member States. Therefore the aim of the article is to assess the implementation of the EU's CCP from the perspective of the EU Member State (Lithuania) and to describe existing discrepancies which may serve as an obstacle for the development of common regulatory regime for import customs duties in the EU or hinder its main economic goals in international trade. Analysis of relevant scientific problems is mainly based on the comparative method (comparison of the practice of the national courts in the Republic of Lithuania and the Court of Justice of the European Union in disputes related to the functioning of the EU's customs union) and generalization of professional experience (national and EU judicial practice) The research leads to the conclusion that a uniform implementation of Common Commercial Policy and the Common Customs Tariff, as its main element, is not fully ensured on the practical level from the perspective of certain Member States (i.e. Lithuania)
THE FIVE SOLAS OF THE REFORMATION: THEN AND NOW
Year: 2017

After a description of the five solas of the Protestant Reformation and their biblical basis, the rejection of the solas by the Roman Catholic Church at Trent and Vatican I is traced, focusing on revelation, justification, and worship. The account of Roman Catholic theology is brought up to date by an examination of changes that occurred at Vatican II. A different stance toward Protestants and the wider world is explained by a shift in the Church's view of the nature grace relationship. Despite this change, the core commitments of the Catholic Church on revelation, justification, and worship remain unaltered. They are held within a less adversarial but still expansionist Rome centered theology that Protestants must continue to resist.
Many To Many Voice Conversion Using Conditional Cycle Consistent Adversarial Networks
Venue: ICASSP 2020 2020 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)
Year: 2020

Voice conversion (VC) refers to transforming the speaker characteristics of an utterance without altering its linguistic contents. Many works on voice conversion require to have parallel training data that is highly expensive to acquire. Recently, the cycle consistent adversarial network (CycleGAN) which does not require parallel training data, has been applied to voice conversion, showing the state of the art performance. The CycleGAN based voice conversion, however, can be used only for a pair of speakers, i.e. one to one voice conversion between two speakers. In this paper, we extend the CycleGAN by conditioning the network on speakers. As a result, the proposed method can perform many to many voice conversion among multiple speakers using a single generative adversarial network (GAN) Compared to building multiple CycleGANs for each pair of speakers, the proposed method reduces the computational and spatial cost significantly without compromising the sound quality of the converted voice. Experimental results using the VCC2018 corpus confirm the efficiency of the proposed method.