nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
BM: An iterative algorithm to learn stable non linear dynamical systems with Gaussian mixture models
Venue: 2010 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation
Year: 2010

We model the dynamics of non linear point to point robot motions as a time independent system described by an autonomous dynamical system (DS) We propose an iterative algorithm to estimate the form of the DS through a mixture of Gaussian distributions. We prove that the resulting model is asymptotically stable at the target. We validate the accuracy of the model on a library of 2D human motions and to learn a control policy through human demonstrations for two multi degrees of freedom robots. We show the real time adaptation to perturbations of the learned model when controlling the two kinematically driven robots.
Sexual dimorphisms in genetic loci linked to body fat distribution
Venue: Bioscience reports
Year: 2017

Obesity is a chronic condition associated with increased morbidity and mortality and is a risk factor for a number of other diseases including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Obesity confers an enormous, costly burden on both individuals and public health more broadly. Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes. Body fat distribution is distinct from overall obesity in measurement, but studies of body fat distribution can yield insights into the risk factors for and causes of overall obesity. Sexual dimorphism in body fat distribution is present throughout life. Though sexual dimorphism is subtle in early stages of life, it is attenuated in puberty and during menopause. This phenomenon could be, at least in part, due to the influence of sex hormones on the trait. Findings from recent large genome wide association studies (GWAS) for various measures of body fat distribution (including waist to hip ratio, hip or waist circumference, trunk fat percentage and the ratio of android and gynoid fat percentage) emphasize the strong sexual dimorphism in the genetic regulation of fat distribution traits. Importantly, sexual dimorphism is not observed for overall obesity (as assessed by body mass index or total fat percentage) Notably, the genetic loci associated with body fat distribution, which show sexual dimorphism, are located near genes that are expressed in adipose tissues and/or adipose cells. Considering the epidemiological and genetic evidence, sexual dimorphism is a prominent feature of body fat distribution. Research that specifically focuses on sexual dimorphism in fat distribution can provide novel insights into human physiology and into the development of obesity and its comorbidities, as well as yield biological clues that will aid in the improvement of disease prevention and treatment.
Reproductive Biology and Food Habits of the Blindsnake Liotyphlops beui (Scolecophidia: Anomalepididae)
Year: 2015

The anomalepidid Liotyphlops beui is a small blindsnake that is abundant in the city of Sao Paulo, southeastern Brazil. Data on body size, sexual size dimorphism, reproductive cycles, and food habits of this snake were obtained from the dissection of 177 specimens from this locality. The present paper compares basic aspects of the natural history of this anomalepidid with those of other Scolecophidia from Leptotyphlopidae and Typhlopidae to detect similarities or differences between these snakes. Females attain larger body size than males, whereas males have longer tails. Reproductive cycle in females is seasonal, with vitellogenesis occurring at the onset of the rainy season. Data on the diameter of deferent ducts indicate that mating occurred during this period. Clutch size ranged from 4 24 eggs. Liotyphlops beui feeds almost entirely on larvae and pupae of small ants, occasionally adult ants, and rarely termites. This snake gorges itself and seems to be able to eat a dozen different sized prey in a meal. The availability of its main prey, the fire ant (Solenopsis spp. may explain the high abundance of this blindsnake in the city of Sao Paulo. The data obtained in this study for L. beui indicate that the ecological traits of the three families of Scolecophidia are highly conservative.
Towards a dynamic map of neuronal circuits
Year: 2014

Knowledge on structural connectivity in neuronal circuits is necessary for understanding information representation and processing in local circuits. However, as some examples of well characterized neuronal architectures illustrate, structural connectivity alone it is not sufficient to predict how input stimuli are mapped onto activity patterns of neuronal populations and how the collective dynamics of all neurons in the network leads to behavior. Addressing this challenge has been hampered by lack of appropriate tools and methods that allow parallel and spatiotemporally specific application of excitation patterns onto neuronal populations while capturing the dynamic activity of the entire network at high spatial and temporal resolution. The combination of new optical excitation techniques, optogenetics and high speed functional imaging are providing new opportunities to address this question and move towards a dynamic map of neuronal circuits. I will address a number advances in that respect that we have recently implemented in our lab using two different technologies. One approach relies on "sculpting" the excitation volumes in biological samples using non linear optics and the other relies on light field imaging, a tomography type approach for simultaneous readout of neuronal activity in 3D. Using these techniques we have recently shown brain wide functional imaging of entire nervous systems at single cell resolution  Further, we demonstrate intrinsically simultaneous volumetric Ca imaging in the entire brain of larval zebrafish during sensory stimulation  We are able to track the activity of 5000 neurons distributed throughout the brain at 20Hz volume rate. The simplicity of this technique and the possibility of the integration into conventional microscopes make it an attractive tool for high speed volumetric functional imaging. These tools combined with high speed optogenetic control of neuronal circuits [3, 4] advanced statistics tools and mathematical modeling and will be crucial to move from an anatomical wiring map towards a dynamic map of neuronal circuits.
INNOVATIVENESS OF CONSUMERS IN THE ADOPTION OF MOBILE TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
Year: 2014

Global mobile technology use has grown exponentially. A survey of Philippine consumers in particular showed that more than 83% cannot live without their mobile phone. We study factors such as ease of use and personal innovativeness in order to understand the consumer adoption of mobile technologies in the Philippines, in order to build on existing adoption theories for academics and make recommendations to practitioners based on our findings. The research questions that we attempted to address include: (1) what key factors drive adoption of mobile technologies by Filipino consumers? (2) Are Filipino mobile consumers more personally innovative in their use of mobile technologies? We surveyed 725 mobile Filipino consumers, and resulting linear regression models show a significant amount of variance explained for behavioral intention and attitude toward using. In both models personal innovation had statistical impact on both attitude toward using and behavioral intention to use. Innovativeness did load on both attitude and behavioral intention for mobile applications as originally hypothesized, but was strongly loaded for attitude toward using.
Territorywide Study of Early Coronavirus Disease Outbreak, Hong Kong, China
Venue: Emerging infectious diseases
Year: 2021

Initial cases of coronavirus disease in Hong Kong were imported from mainland China. A dramatic increase in case numbers was seen in February 2020. Most case patients had no recent travel history, suggesting the presence of transmission chains in the local community. We collected demographic, clinical, and epidemiologic data from 50 patients, who accounted for 53.8% of total reported case patients as of February 28, 2020. We performed whole genome sequencing to determine phylogenetic relationship and transmission dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections. By using phylogenetic analysis, we attributed the community outbreak to 2 lineages; 1 harbored a common mutation, Orf3a G251V, and accounted for 88.0% of the cases in our study. The estimated time to the most recent common ancestor of local coronavirus disease outbreak was December 24, 2019, with an evolutionary rate of 3.04 x 10 3 substitutions/site/year. The reproduction number was 1.84, indicating ongoing community spread.
SLIPS OF THE EAR PERFORMED BY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WHO LEARNED ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE A Case Study at the First Graders of SMA Negeri 6 Surabaya)
Year: 2012

When foreign language learners listen to an English talk, they have several problems in comprehending the language. Therefore, sometimes Indonesian listeners of English talk make mistakes and cannot catch what the speaker"s mean. This misperception causes different understanding between the speaker and the listener. This phenomenon is called slips of the ear. Two questions answered in this thesis are what English words are perceived incorrectly by first graders of SMA Negeri 6 Surabaya who learned English as a foreign language and why do they perceive those words incorrectly. Several blank lyrics was given to the 17 respondents from first graders of SMA Negeri 6 Surabaya who participated in this thesis. The respondents are asked to fill those blank lyrics based on what they heard in "Blinded by the Light" song by Manfred Mann"s Earth Band. This song is considered because this song is probably the most misheard lyric of all time and the respondents never heard this song before. The results obtained from this thesis show that 15 words from 16 missing words in the lyric are perceived incorrectly by the respondents. These 15 words are "light" "revved" "deuce" "runner" "diplomat" "dumps" "mumps" "pumps" "way" "into" "older" "merry" "unpleasing" "calliope" and "ground" The only word which is perceived correctly by all respondents is "night" The discussion is divided into two categories, misperception of monosyllabic words and misperception of polysyllabic words. Finally the writer determines whether the misperception is due to bottom up or top down model.
Healthcare professionals' attitudes toward cancer precision medicine: A systematic review.
Venue: Seminars in oncology
Year: 2019

Use of precision medicine in oncology is burgeoning and can provide patients with new treatment options. However, it is not clear how precision medicine is impacting healthcare professionals (HCPs) particularly with regards to their concerns about this new approach. We therefore synthesized the existing literature on HCPs' attitudes toward cancer precision medicine. We searched four databases for relevant articles. Two reviewers screened eligible articles and extracted data. We assessed the quality of each article using the QualSyst tool. We found 22 articles, representing 4,321 HCPs (63.7% cancer specialists) HCPs held largely positive attitudes toward cancer precision medicine, including their capacity to facilitate treatment decisions and provide prognostic information. However, they also had concerns regarding costs, insurance coverage, limited HCP knowledge about precision medicine, potential misuse, difficulties accessing the tests, and delays in receiving test results. Most HCPs felt that test related decisions should be shared between families and HCPs. HCPs intended to disclose actionable results but were less inclined to disclose negative/secondary findings. HCPs had a strong preference for genetic counselor involvement when disclosing germline findings. Most HCPs intended to use somatic and germline tests in their future practice but the extent to which pharmacogenomic tests will be used is uncertain. HCPs indicated that additional evidence supporting test utility and increased availability of treatment guidelines could facilitate the use of testing. HCPs held generally positive attitudes toward cancer precision medicine, however there were some key concerns. Addressing concerns early, devising educational support for HCPs and developing guidelines may facilitate the successful implementation of precision medicine trials in the future.
Hydrologic and Pollutant Removal Performance of Media Layers in Bioretention
Year: 2020

The current study was aimed to investigate the filler layer structure in modified bioretention systems. Three different structural layers in bioretention were proposed to evaluate their hydrologic performance and pollutant removal efficiency under different rainfall intensities. These layers were as follows: all three layers (filter, transition, and drainage layers) without transition layer, and without drainage layer. Synthetic stormwater was used for experimental purpose in current work. Results revealed that compared with "all three layers" runoff control rate of "without transition layer" and "without drainage layer" was reduced by 0 to 7.4% 0 to 10.1% and outflow start time was advanced by 6 to 8 min and 1.5 to 4.5 min, respectively. Moreover, CODcr (chemical oxygen demand) NH4+ N (ammonium nitrogen) TN (total nitrogen) and TP (total phosphorus) removal rates were 86.0% 85.4% 71.8% and 68.0% respectively. Particle size distribution of the fillers revealed that during operation, particle moved downward were mainly within 0.16 0.63 mm size. Findings showed that transition and drainage layer played an important role in runoff control, and total height of the filler layer should not be less than 800 mm. Filter layer effectively reduce runoff pollution but the thickness of the filter layer should not be less than 500 mm. Whereas, transition layer has the function of preventing the filler loss of the filter layer; therefore, proper measures must be taken into consideration during structural optimization.
Modeling the earthquake occurrence with time dependent processes: a brief review
Venue: Acta Geophysica
Year: 2019

The complexity of seismogenesis tantalizes the scientific community for understanding the earthquake process and its underlying mechanisms and consequently, precise earthquake forecasting, although a realistic target, is yet far from being a practice. Therefore, seismic hazard assessment studies are focused on estimating the probabilities of earthquake occurrence. For a more precise representation of seismicity regarding time, space and magnitude stochastic modeling is engaged. The candidate models deal with either a single fault or fault segment, or a broader area, leading to fault based or seismicity based models, respectively. One important factor in stochastic model development is the time scale, depending upon the target earthquakes. In the case of strong earthquakes, the interevent times between successive events are relatively large, whereas, if we are interested in triggering and the probability of an event to occur in a small time increment then a family of short term models is available. The basic time dependent models that can be applied toward earthquake forecasting are briefly described in this review paper.
The inefficiency of Bitcoin revisited: A high frequency analysis with alternative currencies
Venue: Finance Research Letters
Year: 2019

We compare the time varying weak form efficiency of Bitcoin prices in terms of US dollars (BTCUSD) and euro (BTCEUR) at a high frequency level by using permutation entropy. We find that BTCUSD and BTCEUR markets have become more informationally efficient at the intraday level since the beginning of 2016, and BTCUSD market is slightly more efficient than BTCEUR market in the sample period. We also find that higher the frequency, lower the pricing efficiency is. Finally, liquidity (volatility) has a significant positive (negative) effect on the informational efficiency of Bitcoin prices.
Computational framework for multiaxial fatigue life prediction of compressor discs considering notch effects
Year: 2018

Aero engine components like compressor discs normally operate under harsh conditions like complex multiaxial stress states. Notch effect is often critical for structural integrity assessment in virtue of complex structure and discontinuities. According to the notch effect under cyclic loadings, a computational framework for multiaxial fatigue analysis of compressor discs is established by coupling finite element (FE) simulation of stress gradient with Fatemi Socie (FS) criterion. Specifically, a notch support extension method accounting for stress gradient effect is elaborated through elasto plastic FE analysis, which can be determined for fatigue life prediction of arbitrary shaped components. Experimental fatigue data for smooth and notched specimens of TC4 and GH4169 alloys demonstrated the appropriateness of the proposed computational approach. The applicability and performance of the prediction model to a compressor blade disc attachment subjected to field spectra is presented. Results show that testing effect can be significantly reduced by using this framework with acceptable prediction accuracy.
Function and pharmacology of glutamate gated chloride channel exon 9 splice variants from the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella.
Venue: Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
Year: 2019

Glutamate gated chloride channels (GluCls) are found only in invertebrates and mediate fast inhibitory neurotransmission. The structural and functional diversity of GluCls are produced through assembly of multiple subunits and via posttranscriptional alternations. Alternative splicing is the most common way to achieve this in insect GluCls and splicing occurs primarily at exons 3 and 9. As expression pattern and pharmacological properties of exon 9 alternative splices in invertebrate GluCls remain poorly understood, the cDNAs encoding three alternative splice variants (9a, 9b and 9c) of the PxGluCl gene from the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella were constructed and their pharmacological characterizations were examined using electrophysiological studies. Alternative splicing of exon 9 had little to no impact on PxGluCl sensitivity towards the agonist glutamate when subunits were singly or co expressed in Xenopus oocytes. In contrast, the allosteric modulator abamectin and the chloride channel blocker fipronil had differing effects on PxGluCl splice variants. PxGluCl9c channels were more resistant to abamectin and PxGluCl9b channels were more sensitive to fipronil than other homomeric channels. In addition, heteromeric channels containing different splice variants showed similar sensitivity to abamectin (except for 9c) and reduced sensitivity to fipronil than homomeric channels. These findings suggest that functionally indistinguishable but pharmacologically distinct GluCls could be formed in P. xylostella and that the upregulated constitutive expression of the specific variants may contribute to the evolution of insecticide resistance in P. xylostella and other arthropods.
Caregivers' voices: The experiences of caregivers of children who sustained serious accidental and non accidental head injury in early childhood
Venue: Clinical child psychology and psychiatry
Year: 2016

Head injury is a leading cause of mortality and acquired neurological impairment in children. Head injured children may have neurobehavioural deficits that persist for years following injury. Head injury can result in significant and persistent caregiver burden, including mental health issues, family stress and disorganisation, and unmet social and healthcare service needs. Few studies have examined the healthcare and social service needs of children and their families following head injury sustained at an early age. This qualitative study aims to describe the experiences of caregivers of children who sustained a serious head injury (particularly non accidental head injury) before the age of 2 years. Caregivers were interviewed up to 15 years following the initial injury. Semi structured interviews with 21 caregivers of 15 children (aged 3 15 years at the time of interview) were completed. Thematic analysis of interview data generated three key themes: impact, support and information. The study's findings reveal the broad impact of serious childhood head injury on caregivers, specifically the significant distress and burden brought about through lack of information, challenges in accessing support and inconsistent care. Recommendations for developing a quality 'model of care' and improving ease of access to supports for caregivers are provided.
Development of novel grain refiners for AZ91D magnesium alloys and their effect on hot tearing
Year: 2019

.iii Lay Summary .iv Preface v List of Tables xiii List of Figures xiv List of Equations xxviii Acknowledgements xxix Dedication xxx Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Literature Review 5 2.1 Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys 5 2.1.1 Aluminum Containing Mg Alloys 6 2.2 Grain Refinement 8 2.2.1 Solidification of Metals and Alloys 8 2.2.1.1.1 Homogeneous Nucleation 8 2.2.1.1.2 Heterogeneous Nucleation .10 2.2.2 Grain Refinement of Mg Alloys .11 2.2.2.1 Grain refinement of Aluminum Free Mg Alloys .12 2.2.2.2 Grain refinement of Aluminum Bearing Mg Alloys .12 2.2.2.2.1 Titanium Based Refiners .12 2.2.2.2.2 Carbon Based Refiners .14 2.3 Hot Tearing .15
Providing care to refugees through mainstream general practice in the southern health region of New Zealand: a qualitative study of primary healthcare professionals' perspectives
Venue: BMJ Open
Year: 2019

To explore the perspectives of primary healthcare (PHC) professionals providing care to refugees through mainstream general practice.  Qualitative exploratory design with semistructured interviews subjected to inductive thematic analysis.  Nine general practices enrolled in the Dunedin Refugee Resettlement Programme, in New Zealand (NZ)'s southern health region. Participants included nine general practitioners and six practice nurses.  Three analytical constructs were identified: relational engagement with refugees, refugee healthcare delivery and providers' professional role shaped by complexity. Building meaningful relational connections involved acknowledging refugees' journeys by getting to know them as people. This was instrumental for the development of an empathetic understanding of the complex human trajectories that characterise refugees' journeys to NZ. Participants encountered challenges in providing care to refugees with respect to time limited consultations, variable use of interpreter services, fragmentation of care between agencies and need for improved health infrastructure to ensure a fluid interface between PHC, secondary care and community support services. The current business model of NZ general practice was perceived to interfere with value driven care and discouraged tailoring of care to specific patient groups, raising concerns about the 'fit' of mainstream general practice to address the complex healthcare needs of refugees. Meeting the needs of refugees across the social determinants of health involved a lot of 'behind the scenes work' particularly in the absence of shared information systems and the lack of well established referral pathways to connect refugees to services beyond the health sector. This led to providers feeling overwhelmed and uncertain about their ability to provide appropriate care to refugees.  This study provides rich context specific findings that enhance PHC responsiveness to the needs of refugees in NZ.