nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
SD BROV: An Enhanced BGP Hijacking Protection with Route Validation in Software Defined eXchange
Venue: Future Internet
Year: 2021

In global networks, Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is widely used in exchanging routing information. While the original design of BGP did not focus on security protection against deliberate or accidental errors regarding to routing disruption, one of fundamental vulnerabilities in BGP is a lack of insurance in validating authority for announcing network layer reachability. Therefore, a distributed repository system known as Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) has been utilized to mitigate this issue. However, such a validation requires further deployment steps for Autonomous System (AS) and it might cause performance and compatibility problems in legacy network infrastructure. Nevertheless, with recent advancements in network innovation, some traditional networks are planning to be restructured with Software Defined Networking (SDN) technology for gaining more benefits. By using SDN, Internet eXchange Point (IXP) is able to enhance its capability of management by applying softwarized control methods, acting as a Software Defined eXchange (SDX) center to handle numerous advertisement adaptively. To use the SDN method to strengthen routing security of IXP, this paper proposed an alternative SDX development, SD BROV, an SDX based BGP Route Origin Validation mechanism that establishes a flexible route exchange scenario with RPKI validation. The validating application built in the SDN controller is capable of investigating received routing information. It aims to support hybrid SDN environments and help non SDN BGP neighbors to get trusted routes and drop suspicious ones in transition. To verify proposed idea with emulated environment, the proof of concept development is deployed on an SDN testbed running over Research and Education Networks (RENs) During BGP hijacking experiment, the results show that developed SD BROV is able to detect and stop legitimate traffic to be redirected by attacker, making approach to secure traffic forwarding on BGP routers.
MI UNet: Multi Inputs UNet Incorporating Brain Parcellation for Stroke Lesion Segmentation From T1 Weighted Magnetic Resonance Images
Venue: IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
Year: 2021

Stroke is a serious manifestation of various cerebrovascular diseases and one of the most dangerous diseases in the world today. Volume quantification and location detection of chronic stroke lesions provide vital biomarkers for stroke rehabilitation. Recently, deep learning has seen a rapid growth, with a great potential in segmenting medical images. In this work, unlike most deep learning based segmentation methods utilizing only magnetic resonance (MR) images as the input, we propose and validate a novel stroke lesion segmentation approach named multi inputs UNet (MI UNet) that incorporates brain parcellation information, including gray matter (GM) white matter (WM) and lateral ventricle (LV) The brain parcellation is obtained from 3D diffeomorphic registration and is concatenated with the original MR image to form two channel inputs to the subsequent MI UNet. Effectiveness of the proposed pipeline is validated using a dataset consisting of 229 T1 weighted MR images. Experiments are conducted via a five fold cross validation. The proposed MI UNet performed significantly better than UNet in both 2D and 3D settings. Our best results obtained by 3D MI UNet has superior segmentation performance, as measured by the Dice score, Hausdorff distance, average symmetric surface distance, as well as precision, over other state of the art methods.
Teacher Parent Collaborative Efforts in Facilitating Students' Homework
Year: 2016

This study focuses on the essential role of teachers in initiating collaborative efforts with parents in helping the children do their homework. To establish teacher parents' partnership in this endeavour, four engaging interventions were utilized in this action research. These are focus group discussion (FGD) home visitation, follow up by texting and homework logs.An intact Grade 8 science class in one of the pilot secondary schools in the City of Manila was involved in the study. Results showed that the collaborative efforts between parents and teachers apparently contributed to the improvement of students'class performance. Home visitation was seen as a means of rekindling commitment of the parents to monitor their children's progress in school. In the same way, it was found out that homework logs and texting are strategies that could enhance parental involvement leading to close supervision of their children doing their assignments at home.
Sexual Behaviours and Practices before and after Phase I/II HIV Vaccine Trial: A Qualitative Study among Volunteers in Dar es Salaam Tanzania
Venue: International journal of environmental research and public health
Year: 2020

There is limited information about sexual behavior among volunteers who participated in phase I/II human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine trial. This article describes the sexual behavior, practices before, and after participation in phase I/II HIV vaccine trial in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. We conducted a qualitative descriptive study involving volunteers who participated in the phase I/II vaccine trial between 2007 and 2010. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit potential informants. Twenty four in depth interviews were conducted. The audio recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a thematic content analysis approach. The findings revealed that before participation in the HIV vaccine trial, informants were engaging in unprotected multiple sexual relationships. After the completion of the HIV vaccine trial, informants reported strengthened marital relationships, increased understanding of safer sexual practices, and HIV testing. However, the informants reported challenges regarding vaccine induced seropositivity that adversely affected their sexual and marital relationships. Some informants re engaged in risky sexual practices because they perceived the experimental vaccine was protective. The informants suggested having continued interventions within the community to enhance safer sexual practices. Participation in phase I/II HIV vaccine trials may positively and negatively influence changes in volunteers' sexual behaviors and practices. The trial interventions appear to improve compliance with safer sexual practices. However, the reported vaccine induced seropositivity and the perception that experimental vaccines are protective need further appropriate interventions.
Influence of Plant Spacing on Insect Population, Growth and Yield of Okra in Sierra Leone
Year: 2019

Okra is a very important vegetable in the field of nutrition and health care in Sierra Leone. The major limiting factors in okra production are incidence of insect pests and improper plant spacing. The present field research was undertaken at the Department of Crop Protection, School of Agriculture, Njala University to evaluate the effect of plant spacing on insect pest population, growth and yield, and profitability of okra production in Sierra Leone from 2017 to 2018 main cropping seasons. Five levels of plant spacing 50 cm x 40 cm (50,000 plants per hectare) 60 cm x 30 cm (55,556 plants per hectare) 60 cm x 40 cm (41,667 plants per hectare) 70 cm x 30 cm (47,619 plants per hectare) and 70 cm x 40 cm (35,714 plants per hectare) were adopted as treatments with three replications in randomized complete block design. The results of analysis of variance revealed that plant spacing were significant (P 0.05) on insect population, plant height, leaf area, damage leaves, yield and yield components of okra at 4 and 8 weeks after planting (WAP) during 2017 and 2018 main cropping seasons. Okra cropped in plant spacing 50 cm x 40 cm (Recommended rate) inclined the highest number of insects, plant height, leaf area, damage leaves and yield at 4 and 8 WAP in both years followed by 60 cm x 40 cm plant spacing, while the reverse also holds true with 70 cm x 40 cm plant spacing. The profitability analysis revealed that the recommended plant spacing of okra (50 cm x 40 cm) produced the highest gross margins of Le 18,333,000.00 plants per hectare (ha 1) and Le 21,363,000 plants per hectare (ha 1) respectively during 2017 and 2018 main cropping seasons of okra production. In conclusion, increasing the plant spacing above the recommended plant spacing (50 cm x 40cm) could reduce insect population and leaf damage on okra, but will significantly decrease okra growth and yield, and profitability. Hence, in order to achieve maximum productivity of okra in the Njala area, the Clemson spineless variety of okra should be planted at a plant spacing of 50 cm x 40 cm. However, integrating plant spacing with other cultural methods of controlling insect pests of okra should be investigated in order to determine a sustainable and cost effective method of controlling insect pests of okra.
Progressive fusion of multi rate motor imagery classification for brain computer interfaces
Venue: 2017 IEEE 60th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)
Year: 2017

Motivated by limited availability of training data for practical implementation of a synchronous Brain computer interface (BCI) the paper proposes a novel EEG based framework consisting of two separate (partially coupled) filters running in parallel: (i) The Progressive Filter: An efficient but computationally extensive combination of feature extraction and classification that uses new arriving epochs to train in an offline fashion, and; (ii) The Active Filter: A simplified feature extraction approach running online based on pre trained classifiers. The Active Filter produces MI classification results at the end of each epoch while the Progressive Filter takes several epochs to perform processing, adaptation, and re training tasks. Once the computation of the Progressive Filter is complete, the two filters are coupled to improve the real time performance of the overall system.
Elastic Versus Rigid Image Registration in Magnetic Resonance Imaging transrectal Ultrasound Fusion Prostate Biopsy: A Systematic Review and Meta analysis.
Venue: European urology focus
Year: 2018

The main difference between the available magnetic resonance imaging transrectal ultrasound (MRI TRUS) fusion platforms for prostate biopsy is the method of image registration being either rigid or elastic. As elastic registration compensates for possible deformation caused by the introduction of an ultrasound probe for example, it is expected that it would perform better than rigid registration.  The aim of this meta analysis is to compare rigid with elastic registration by calculating the detection odds ratio (OR) for both subgroups. The detection OR is defined as the ratio of the odds of detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) by MRI TRUS fusion biopsy compared with systematic TRUS biopsy. Secondary objectives were the OR for any PCa and the OR after pooling both registration techniques.  The electronic databases PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were systematically searched for relevant studies according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta analysis Statement. Studies comparing MRI TRUS fusion and systematic TRUS guided biopsies in the same patient were included. The quality assessment of included studies was performed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies version 2. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Eleven papers describing elastic and 10 describing rigid registration were included. Meta analysis showed an OR of csPCa for elastic and rigid registration of 1.45 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21 1.73, p<0.0001) and 1.40 (95% CI: 1.13 1.75, p=0.002) respectively. No significant difference was seen between the subgroups (p=0.83) Pooling subgroups resulted in an OR of 1.43 (95% CI: 1.25 1.63, p<0.00001) CONCLUSIONS No significant difference was identified between rigid and elastic registration for MRI TRUS fusion guided biopsy in the detection of csPCa; however, both techniques detected more csPCa than TRUS guided biopsy alone.  We did not identify any significant differences in prostate cancer detection between two distinct magnetic resonance imaging transrectal ultrasound fusion systems which vary in their method of compensating for prostate deformation.
Experimental Investigation of the Diffuser Vane Clearance Effect in a Centrifugal Compressor Stage With Adjustable Diffuser Geometry: Part I Compressor Performance Analysis
Year: 2014

The combination of variable speed control and adjustable diffuser vanes offers an attractive design option for centrifugal compressors applied in industrial applications where a wide operating range at high efficiency level and a favorable surge line is required. However, the knowledge about the impact on compressor performance of a diffuser vane clearance between vane and diffuser wall which is mandatory since the diffuser geometry adjustment has to take place during operation, is still not satisfying.This two part paper summarizes results of investigations performed at the Institute of Jet Propulsion and Turbomachinery at RWTH Aachen with an industrial like centrifugal compressor, featuring a design pressure ratio of 4 and a design speed of 35200 rpm. Particular attention was directed to the influence of the diffuser clearance on the operating behavior of the entire stage, the pressure recovery in the diffuser and on the diffuser flow by a systematic variation of the parameters diffuser clearance height, diffuser vane angle, radial gap between impeller exit and diffuser inlet, and rotor speed.Compressor map measurements provide a summary of the operating behavior related to diffuser geometry and impeller speed, whereas detailed flow measurements with temperature and pressure probes allow a breakdown of the losses between impeller and diffuser and contribute to a better understanding of relevant flow phenomena. The results presented in Part I show that an one sided diffuser clearance does not necessarily has a negative impact on the operation and loss behavior of the centrifugal compressor, but instead may contribute to an increased pressure ratio and improved efficiency.The flow phenomena responsible for this detected performance behavior are exposed in Part II [28] where the results of detailed measurements with pressure probes at diffuser exit and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements conducted inside the diffuser channel, revealing the complex and unsteady flow leaving the impeller and passing the diffuser channel, are discussed.The experimental results are published as an open CFD testcase "Radiver 2" [26] extending the experimental data base of the testcase "Radiver" published in 2003 by Ziegler [31].Copyright (c) 2014 by ASME
Nutrition, oxidative stress and intestinal dysbiosis: Influence of diet on gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases.
Venue: Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia
Year: 2016

Microbiota refers to the population of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses and fungi) that inhabit the entire gastrointestinal tract, more particularly the colon whose role is to maintain the integrity of the intestinal mucosa and control the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. Alteration in the composition of the gut microbiota is called dysbiosis. Dysbiosis redisposes to inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease and indeterminate colitis.  The purpose of this literature review is to elucidate the influence of diet on the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota in the healthy gut and the role of diet in the development of dysbiosis.  The "Western diet" in particular a low fiber high fat/high carbohydrate diet is one factor that can lead to severe dysbiosis. In contrast, "mediterranean" and vegetarian diets that includes abundant fruits, vegetables, olive oil and oily fish are known for their anti inflammatory effects and could prevent dysbiosis and subsequent inflammatory bowel disease.
Multiscale Natural Scene Statistical Analysis for No Reference Quality Evaluation of DIBR Synthesized Views
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting
Year: 2020

This paper proposes to blindly evaluate the quality of images synthesized via a depth image based rendering (DIBR) procedure. As a significant branch of virtual reality (VR) superior DIBR techniques provide free viewpoints in many real applications, including remote surveillance and education; however, limited efforts have been made to measure the performance of DIBR techniques, or equivalently the quality of DIBR synthesized views, especially in the condition when references are unavailable. To achieve this aim, we develop a novel blind image quality assessment (IQA) method via multiscale natural scene statistical analysis (MNSS) The design principle of our proposed MNSS metric is based on two new natural scene statistics (NSS) models specific to the DBIR synthesized IQA. First, the DIBR introduced geometric distortions damage the local self similarity characteristic of natural images, and the damage degrees of self similarity present particular variations at different scales. Systematically combining the measurements of the variations mentioned above can gauge the naturalness of the input image and thus indirectly reflect the quality changes of images generated using different DIBR methods. Second, it was found that the degradations in main structures of natural images at different scales remain almost the same, whereas the statistical regularity is destroyed in the DIBR synthesized views. Estimating the deviation of degradations in main structures at different scales between one DIBR synthesized image and the statistical model, which is constructed based on a large number of natural images, can quantify how a DIBR method damages the main structures and thus infer the image quality. Via trials, the two NSS based features extracted above can well predict the quality of DIBR synthesized images. Further, the two features come from distinct points of view, and we hence integrate them via a straightforward multiplication to derive the proposed blind MNSS metric, which achieves better performance than each component and state of the art quality methods.
Traversing the liminal: what can Fontan adults' transition experiences and perspectives teach us about optimizing healthcare?
Venue: International journal of adolescent medicine and health
Year: 2018

Successfully transitioning to adult care is important for congenital heart disease (CHD) patients, particularly those at the worst end of the spectrum with a Fontan circulation, as their ongoing health engagement affects their health outcomes. Yet, there is a lack of literature exploring patient perspectives about their transition experiences, and what helps or hinders successful transition to adult care.  Young adults with a Fontan circulation (n 18) from the Australian and New Zealand Fontan Registry participated in in depth phone interviews. Thematic analyses were used to analyze the qualitative interview data.  We identified six key themes which stood out from patient experiences, including differences between pediatric and adult congenital cardiac care, the need for preparation through formal transition programs, and the important role of support systems.  To become active managers of their healthcare and remain engaged with the healthcare system, young people would benefit from coordinated efforts between pediatric and adult care to formally prepare them for transition to adult care. This should include involvement from their support network and ongoing education about their health condition. The study highlights the importance of studying patient perspectives through qualitative research to better inform health service provision in the CHD space.
The job analysis of Korean nurses as a strategy to improve the Korean Nursing Licensing Examination
Venue: Journal of educational evaluation for health professions
Year: 2016

This study aimed at characterizing Korean nurses' occupational responsibilities to apply the results for improvement of the Korean Nursing Licensing Examination.  First, the contents of nursing job were defined based on a focus group interview of 15 nurses. Developing a Curriculum (DACOM) method was used to examine those results and produce the questionnaire by 13 experts. After that, the questionnaire survey to 5,065 hospital nurses was done.  The occupational responsibilities of nurses were characterized as involving 8 duties, 49 tasks, and 303 task elements. Those 8 duties are nursing management and professional development, safety and infection control, the management of potential risk factors, basic nursing and caring, the maintenance of physiological integrity, medication and parenteral treatments, socio psychological integrity, and the maintenance and improvement of health.  The content of Korean Nursing Licensing Examination should be improved based on 8 duties and 49 tasks of the occupational responsibilities of Korean nurses.
Child Maltreatment and Adolescent Development
Year: 2011

Child abuse and neglect, often collectively called child maltreatment, are huge social problems affecting millions of children and adolescents in America. Adolescents are affected both by maltreatment which occurred during childhood with lingering effects and by maltreatment that continues into or begins in adolescence. Several decades of research indicate such maltreatment is associated with a number of mental health problems, including internalizing and externalizing problems, as well as other maladaptive developmental problems, in childhood and beyond. This is a review of research published from 2000 to 2010 with a specific focus on the nature and impact of child maltreatment on adolescent development. This article focuses on 3 especially critical themes of this recent research: (1) prospective longitudinal studies that examine adolescent adaptation and maladaptation of individuals abused or neglected earlier in life; (2) research that focuses on some developmental outcomes with particular salience during adolescence such as delinquency and substance abuse, romantic relationships, and sexuality; and (3) research that examined psychobiological processes in maltreated adolescents, processes that might indicate the mechanisms underlying maladaptive development.