nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
What is home? An art based workshop to explore the physical, relational and wellbeing properties of home
Year: 2017

This feasibility study was framed under the notion of creative practices as mutual recovery the idea that shared creativity, collective experience and mutual benefit can promote resilience in mental health and well being. The study evaluated the impact of an art based workshop designed to examine participant's notions of home. Thematic analysis was used to evaluate the textual data derived from three focus groups. The findings indicate that art based workshops that incorporate principles of mindfulness can be used to raise awareness of mental health and well being issues associated with challenging or inadequate notions of home. These workshops provide a forum for reflection and community in which these problematic notions can be meaningfully articulated and communicated and solutions discussed. This type of creative practice supports the notion of mutual recovery health, helps build resilience among residential workforce and thus helps them to better deal with existing problems.
Epidemiologic significance of Toxoplasma gondii infections in chickens (Gallus domesticus) the past decade
Venue: Parasitology
Year: 2020

Toxoplasma gondii infections are common in humans and animals worldwide. Domestic free range chickens (Gallus domesticus) are excellent sentinels of environmental contamination with T. gondii oocysts because they feed on the ground. Chickens can be easily infected with T. gondii; however, clinical toxoplasmosis is rare in these hosts. Chickens are comparatively inexpensive and thus are good sentinel animals for T. gondii infections on the farms. Here, the authors reviewed prevalence, the persistence of infection, clinical disease, epidemiology and genetic diversity of T. gondii strains isolated from chickens worldwide for the past decade. Data on phenotypic and molecular characteristics of 794 viable T. gondii strains from chickens are discussed, including new data on T. gondii isolates from chickens in Brazil. This paper will be of interest to biologists, epidemiologists, veterinarians and parasitologists.
Prediction of mobile image saliency and quality under cloud computing environment
Venue: Digit. Signal Process.
Year: 2019

Recent years have witnessed the explosive growth of multimedia applications over networks and increasingly high requirements of consumers for multimedia signals in terms of quality of experience (QoE) Effective and efficient yet energy saving saliency detection model and quality prediction method are eagerly desired, since they play critical roles in raising users' QoE and promoting the progress of green multimedia communication. Current studies of saliency detection and quality evaluation are far from ideal yet. In this paper we investigate the influence of complexity on visual saliency and quality. Complexity is an essential concept in human perception to visual stimulus, but it is substantially abstract and hard to be endowed with a clear definition. We suppose that brain systematically combines global and local features during the whole process of human perception. Global features lead a dominant position in seeking salient areas under the condition that image complexity is high, namely without obviously isolated foreground objects, whereas local features play a key role in an opposite situation. With this consideration, this paper establishes a novel framework for detecting visual saliency based on image complexity estimation before complexity adaptive merging of global and local features. Furthermore, the concept of complexity is deployed for blind photographic image quality assessment (IQA) by means of saliency based weighting. Features which refer to contrast, artifacts, brightness and natural scene statistics (NSS) are modified and integrated to derive a blind IQA model and predict the quality of photos. Based on the above two technologies, this paper introduces smart phones as mobile terminals, cloud platforms for speed up and energy saving, and wireless networks for transmission, and provides a practical mobile multimedia application. Comparative experiments validate that, within this application system, our proposed saliency detection model and blind photographic IQA method implement better than existing relevant competitors in terms of effectiveness and efficiency comparison.
Classification of Cognitive Fatigue with EEG Signals
Venue: 2020 Medical Technologies Congress (TIPTEKNO)
Year: 2020

Cognitive fatigue is the natural result of longtime mental effort during the execution of a high mental workload or a strenuous task. This situation often leads to decreased productivity and increased security risks. In this study, it was aimed to detect cognitive fatigue quickly and accurately, regardless of subjective data. CogBeacon dataset was used for this. Data that make up the CogBeacon dataset were collected from 19 participants in 76 sessions with the help of a 4 electrode MUSE electroencephalography (EEG) device. The collected raw EEGs were randomly separated and feature extraction was performed. Support Vector Machine (SVM) and k Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithms were used in the classification process. Katz and Higuchi Fractal Dimension, standard deviation, median, variance and covariance were tested as features. When the classification was made with SVM, the education average was 93.99% and the test average was 83.14% The average success rate increased between 4.43% and 7.40% compared to the trials that were not used in the trials where Fractal Dimension features were used. When the classification was made with KNN, the education averange was 91.71% and the test average was 83.34% The average success rate increased between 5.10% and 8.92% compared to the trials that were not used in the trials in which Fractal Dimension features were used.
Long term effect of organic and inorganic Fertilizers on soil physico chemical properties of a silty clay loam soil under rice wheat cropping system in Tarai region of Uttarakhand
Year: 2019

The long term impact of chemical fertilizers on soils and environment is harmful. Use of unbalanced nutrients in the soils may be harmful in the long run causing soils an unproductive one. It is true that sustainable production of crops cannot be maintained by using only chemical fertilizers and similarly it is not possible to obtain higher crop yield by using organic manure alone. Proper identification and management of soil fertility problems are prerequisite for boosting crop production and sustaining higher yields over a long period of time. So use of organic manure in integration with inorganic fertilizers is very important in improving soil fertility and crop productivity. In order to study the long term effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil physico chemical properties of a silty clay loam soil under rice wheat cropping system in tarai region of Uttarakhand, a field experiment was conducted at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre of the Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar during 2014 2015. The soil pH, EC, bulk density and Organic carbon ranged from 7.24 to 7.64, 0.26 to 0.32 dSm 1, 1.28 to 1.33 Mgm 3 and 0.58 to 1.12 percent, respectively at the surface layer and 7.58 to 7.77, 0.19 to 0.24 dSm 1, 1.34 to 1.41 Mgm 3 and 0.27 to 0.61 percent, respectively at the sub surface layer. The application of NPK along with organic residues increased the pH, EC, organic carbon. The content of available S and Ca improved significantly over the control. The content of S and Ca ranged from 16.87 to 30.41ppm and 141.87 to 268.53 ppm, respectively at the surface layer and 15.07 to 22.51 ppm and 108.21 to 308.61 ppm, respectively at the sub surface layer. The partial replacement of N through FYM, wheat straw and mung straw caused significant improvement in soil physico chemical properties. In all the treatments of sub subsurface layer nutrient status decreased as compared to surface layer except in case of pH, bulk density and Calcium. The treatment T7 where 25 percent N was applied through FYM and 75 percent through NPK fertilizer and T10 where 50 percent N was applied through mung straw and 50 percent through NPK were found best among all the treatments.
Towards comparison of underwater SLAM methods: An open dataset collection
Venue: OCEANS 2016 MTS/IEEE Monterey
Year: 2016

In this paper, we present an open collection of simulated datasets produced using the Underwater Simulator (UWSim) These datasets contain several trajectories in simulated scenarios with various levels of turbidity. Also, several sensor to estimate the robot displacement are available. The ground truth is available by using Global Positioning System data. Those information can be used to analyse and to perform Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) A comparative study between a bio inspired approach and one of the most adopted algorithm in SLAM, the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is produced using the datasets.
Response and Lessons Learnt Managing the COVID 19 Crisis by School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
Year: 2020

Healthcare professionals are playing an important role in the recent COVID 19 outbreak. It is crucial that the health systems maintain their ability to train students and residents during this time. However, there is a paucity of literature on the measures taken by higher education institutions to ensure academic continuity. The aim of this article is to share the systematic measures that were taken during the COVID 19 pandemic by Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore.  We discussed our multi faceted approach to protect students, staff and patients/ standardized patients during the COVID 19 outbreak that occurred during a pivotal time in the school's academic calendar.  Our approach to ensuring academic continuity and quality were based on best practices in the following areas: 1) A coordinated leadership and management process 2) Prioritising safety for all stakeholders 3) Dissemination of information amongst the stakeholders in a transparent and efficient way, and 4) Maintaining the rigour and quality of training.  The initiatives were implemented as we leveraged on the available infrastructure and the collective team efforts of all involved. Further research will be done to evaluate the usefulness of these measures. We hope that this article would be a useful reference for other schools as they evaluate their pandemic preparedness in the event that the COVID 19 outbreak affects their country or similar crisis event in the future.
Mobile robot localization via sensor fusion algorithms
Venue: 2017 Intelligent Systems Conference (IntelliSys)
Year: 2017

In order to make effective works with the mobile robot and maximize its working performance, it is necessary to estimate and track the current pose of the mobile robot. In this paper, under the assumption that the initial pose, kinematics and environmental model of a mobile robot are known, the localization and tracking of the mobile robot's position and orientation have been carried out. The odometry model with the problem of accumulation of unlimited errors is used for tracking the pose, and sensor fusion algorithms are applied to solve this problem. By using the odometry and laser range finder model, the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) Unscented Information Filter (UIF) Extended Information Filter (EIF) algorithms were tested on a graphical user interface (GUI) based on occupancy grid maps as an environment model, respectively. In this context, the pose tracking and estimation performances of the non linear model based estimators are compared to each other. Since occupancy grid maps are utilized, only the laser range finder measurement uncertainty should be considered unlike feature based maps. In this way, the computational complexity can be reduced. When the simulation results are evaluated, it is determined that the Extended Information Filter algorithm has expressed more stable performance in terms of the mobile robot pose estimation.
The "Necessity Test" as Expressed by the Enigmatic Article XX(j) of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (1994) Appellate Body Report, India Certain Measures Relating to Solar Cells and Solar Modules
Venue: Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal
Year: 2019

The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (1994) (GATT) is premised on the elimination of all barriers to trade in goods. Contrary to this approach, Article XX of the GATT authorises the circumvention of this imperative. More specifically, Article XX(j) of the GATT essentially provides that GATT contracting parties are authorised to promulgate measures that are "essential" to the acquisition of products in general or local short supply. This invariably means that only measures that are "essential" will satisfy the "necessity test" contemplated under Article XX(j) The Appellate Body Report, India Certain Measures Relating to Solar Cells and Solar Modules is the first World Trade Organisation case to elaborate on the "necessity test" of Article XX(j) of the GATT. This paper seeks to evaluate the Appellate Body's findings on the "necessity test" of Article XX(j)
Development and cross sectional validation of the Childhood Asthma Control Test.
Venue: The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Year: 2007

For children younger than 12 years old with asthma, there are several quality of life instruments, clinical diaries, and questionnaires assessing symptoms; however, a validated tool for assessing asthma control is currently lacking.  To develop and validate the Childhood Asthma Control Test (C ACT) a self administered tool for identifying children aged 4 11 years whose asthma is inadequately controlled.  A 21 item questionnaire was administered to 343 patients with asthma and their caregivers, randomly assigning 75% (n 257) for development and cross sectional validation of the tool and 25% (n 86) to a confirmatory sample. Stepwise logistic regression was used to reduce the 21 items to those best able to discriminate control as defined by the specialist's rating of asthma control.  Seven items were selected from regression analyses of the development sample to comprise the C ACT. The scores of each item were summed for a total score (0 27) with lower scores indicating poorer control. Summed scores discriminated between groups of patients differing in the specialists' rating of asthma control (F 36.89; P .0001) the need for change in patients' therapy (F 20.07; P .0001) and predicted FEV(1) (F 2.66; P .0494) A score of 19 indicated inadequately controlled asthma (specificity 74% sensitivity 68% These analyses were confirmed in the confirmatory sample.  The C ACT is a validated tool to assess asthma control and identify children with inadequately controlled asthma.  The C ACT can be valuable in clinical practice and research based on its validation, ease of use, input from the child and caregiver, and alignment with asthma guidelines.
Analytical Modeling and Life Cycle Assessment of a Double Effect Solar Powered Absorption Chiller
Year: 2011

3 Executive Summary 4 Introduction 7 System Overview 8 Solar Collectors. 9 Absorption Chilling 10 Section 1: Modeling the Potential Output of the Solar Cooling System 12 Overview 12 Climatic Data 13 Relative Humidity 17 Solar Irradiance 18 Data Quality 20 Modeling 22  Simulation 25 Absorption Chiller Production 26 Economics 28 Emissions 34 Section 2:Life Cycle Assessment of the Solar Cooling System 36 Methodology 36 Rationale 36 Goal and Scope 36 Approach 37 System Boundaries. 37 Functional Unit 39 Allocation Procedures 39 Flowchart of the Life Cycle of the Absorption Chiller System 40 Life Cycle Inventory. 41 Materials Composition Analysis 41 Lithium Bromide Absorption Chiller 41 CPC Collectors 44 2 Hot Water Pump 45 Hot Water Tank 47 Expansion Tank 48 Raw Materials Extraction and Processing 49 Manufacturing of System Components 49 Transportation. 49 End of Life Treatment 53 Use Phase 54 Life Cycle Impact Assessment 56 Impact Category Definition 56 Characterization Results for Absorption Chiller System Lifecycle 58 Sensitivity Analysis 61  Acknowledgements 67 Group Contributions 67 Works Cited 69 Appendix Section 1: Climatic Data 72 Ambient Temperature 72 Relative Humidity 76 Solar Irradiance 79 Appendix Section 2: Life Cycle Analysis Data 84 Data Sources 84
Quality and safety aspects of organic and low input food processing: Results of a Delphi survey from an expert consultation in 13 European countries
Year: 2011

Organic food processing standards generally prohibit the use of synthetic chemicals, many preservatives and other food additives that are widely used in the processing of conventional foods. However, there are frequent discussions about the underlying rationales, principles and criteria used to allow some processing methods and additives but other ones not. Consumers of low input and organic food have specific expectations regarding quality characteristics of processed food. Organic processed products should therefore be sustainable and fulfil consumers' expectations as much as possible. Our study reviewed current approaches and concepts in organic food processing, based on the results of a literature survey and a two step Delphi expert survey focusing on the most important and currently discussed aspects regarding organic food processing. In the first round, 250 experts in 13 European countries were involved who were asked to respond to a standardized questionnaire. Hundred and twenty experts answered in the first round and they were approached in the second round. Of these, 83 experts answered in the second round. The results show that there is an important need for clear principles and related criteria for the evaluation of additives and processing methods. In the minds of consumers, additional principles are present when compared with the present rules. The gap between consumer expectations and the rules at the time of the survey (Regulation EEC 2092/91, IFOAM Basic Standards, Codex Alimentarius Guidelines) can cause problems. So it is important to build a solid link between regulations and consumer perceptions. The principle of carefulness/careful processing might be helpful for the communication between manufactures/retailers and consumers. Generally, other means instead of new governmental rules are recommended (e.g. a code of practice)
The danger of dangerousness: why we must remove the dangerousness criterion from our mental health acts
Venue: Journal of Medical Ethics
Year: 2008

The mental health legislation of most developed countries includes either a dangerousness criterion or an obligatory dangerousness criterion (ODC) A dangerousness criterion holds that mentally ill people may be given treatment without consent if they are deemed to be a risk to themselves or others. An ODC holds that mentally ill people may be given treatment without consent only if they are deemed to be a risk to themselves or others. This paper argues that the dangerousness criterion is unnecessary, unethical and, in the case of the ODC, potentially harmful to mentally ill people and to the rest of the community.  We examine the history of the dangerousness criterion, and provide reasoned argument and empirical evidence in support of our position.  Dangerousness criteria are not required to balance the perceived loss of autonomy arising from mental health legislation. Dangerousness criteria unfairly discriminate against the mentally ill, as they represent an unreasonable barrier to treatment without consent, and they spread the burden of risk that any mentally ill person might become violent across large numbers of mentally ill people who will never become violent. Mental health legislation that includes an ODC is associated with a longer duration of untreated psychosis, and probably contributes to a poorer prognosis and an increase risk of suicide and violence in patients in their first episode of psychosis.  Dangerousness criteria should be removed from mental health legislation and be replaced by criteria that focus on a patient's capacity to refuse treatment.
The Qualitas Corpus: A Curated Collection of Java Code for Empirical Studies
Venue: 2010 Asia Pacific Software Engineering Conference
Year: 2010

In order to increase our ability to use measurement to support software development practise we need to do more analysis of code. However, empirical studies of code are expensive and their results are difficult to compare. We describe the Qualitas Corpus, a large curated collection of open source Java systems. The corpus reduces the cost of performing large empirical studies of code and supports comparison of measurements of the same artifacts. We discuss its design, organisation, and issues associated with its development.
Using Semidirect Product of (Semi)groups in Public Key Cryptography
Venue: CiE
Year: 2016

In this survey, we describe a general key exchange protocol based on semidirect product of (semi)groups (more specifically, on extensions of (semi)groups by automorphisms) and then focus on practical instances of this general idea. This protocol can be based on any group or semigroup, in particular on any non commutative group. One of its special cases is the standard Diffie Hellman protocol, which is based on a cyclic group. However, when this protocol is used with a non commutative (semi)group, it acquires several useful features that make it compare favorably to the Diffie Hellman protocol. The focus then shifts to selecting an optimal platform (semi)group, in terms of security and efficiency. We show, in particular, that one can get a variety of new security assumptions by varying an automorphism used for a (semi)group extension.
Cost effectiveness analysis of newborn pulse oximetry screening to detect critical congenital heart disease in Colombia
Venue: Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation
Year: 2019

BackgroundIn many countries, economic assessments of the routine use of pulse oximetry in the detection of Critical Congenital Heart Disease (CCHD) at birth has not yet been carried out. CCHDs necessarily require medical intervention within the first months of life. This assessment is a priority in low and medium resource countries. The purpose of this study was to assess the cost effectiveness (CE) relation of pulse oximetry in the detection of cases of CCHD in Colombia.MethodsA full economic assessment of the cost effectiveness type was conducted from the perspective of society. A decision tree was constructed to establish a comparison between newborn physical examination plus pulse oximetry, versus physical examination alone, in the diagnosis of CCHDs. The sensitivity and specificity of pulse oximetry were estimated from a systematic review of the literature; to assess resource use, micro costing analyses and surveys were conducted. The time horizon of the economic evaluation was the first week after birth and until the first year of life. The incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) was determined and, to control for uncertainty, deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were made, including the adoption of different scenarios of budgetary impact. All costs are expressed in US dollars from 2017, using the average exchange rate for 2017 $2,951.15 COP for 1 dollar].ResultsThe costs of pulse oximetry screening plus physical examination were $102; $7 higher than physical examination alone. The effectiveness of pulse oximetry plus the physical examination was 0.93; that is, 0.07 more than the physical examination on its own. The ICER was $100 for pulse oximetry screening; that is, if one wishes to increase 1% the probability of a correct CCHD diagnosis, this amount would have to be invested. A willingness to pay of $26.292 USD (direct medical cost) per probability of a correct CCHD diagnosis was assumed.ConclusionsAt current rates and from the perspective of society, newborn pulse oximetry screening at 24 h in addition to physical examination, and considering a time horizon of 1 week, is a cost effective strategy in the early diagnosis of CCHDs in Colombia.