nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Biopsychosocial Causes of Suicide and Suicide Prevention Outcome Studies in Juvenile Detention Facilities: A Review
Venue: Psychiatric Quarterly
Year: 2016

To identify various biopsychosocial risk factors associated with suicidality in juvenile detention facilities and the effectiveness of suicide prevention protocols currently in use. Medical literature searches were conducted using databases like Pub Med, Ovid, and Google Scholar to identify studies conducted in and outside of United States. The prevalence of suicide among youth imprisoned at detention facilities has risen. Psychiatric disorders are common among such population, making them vulnerable to suicidal tendencies. Suicide risk screening within first 24 h of admission to the detention facility has shown to lower the risk of suicide. Identification of high risk individuals and their further psychiatric assessment is advocated. Much of work with regards to screening tools and instruments is underway and further study is required to get a better understanding.
Amino Acid Supplementation to Reduce Environmental Impacts of Broiler and Pig Production: A Review
Venue: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
Year: 2021

Poultry and swine farming are large contributors to environmental impacts, such as climate change, eutrophication, acidification, and air and water pollution. Feed production and manure management are identified as the main sources of these impacts. Reducing dietary crude protein levels is a nutritional strategy recognized to both decrease the use of high impact feed ingredients and alter manure composition, reducing emissions of harmful components. For a successful implementation of this technique, feed grade amino acid supplementation is crucial to maintaining animal performance. Reducing crude protein lowers nitrogen excretion, especially excess nitrogen excreted in urea or uric acid form, improving nitrogen efficiency. At the feed gate, low crude protein diets can reduce the carbon footprint of feed production through changes in raw material inclusion. The magnitude of this reduction mainly depends on the climate change impact of soybean meal and its land use change on the feed grade amino acids used. Reducing dietary crude protein also lowers the environmental impact of manure management in housing, storage, and at spreading: nitrogen emissions from manure (ammonia, nitrates, nitrous oxide) are reduced through reduction of nitrogen excretion. Moreover, synergetic effects exist with nitrogen form, water excretion, and manure pH, further reducing emissions. Volatilization of nitrogen is more reduced in poultry than in pigs, but emissions are more studied and better understood for pig slurry than poultry litter. Ammonia emissions are also more documented than other N compounds. Low crude protein diets supplemented with amino acids is a strategy reducing environmental impact at different stages of animal production, making life cycle assessment the best suited tool to quantify reduction of environmental impacts. Recent studies report an efficient reduction of environmental impacts with low crude protein diets. However, more standardization of limits and methods used is necessary to compare results. This review summarizes the current knowledge on mitigation of environmental impacts with low crude protein diets supplemented with amino acids in poultry and swine, its quantification, and the biological mechanisms involved. A comparison between pigs and poultry is also included. It provides concrete information based on quantified research for decision making for the livestock industry and policy makers.
Lane line detection in real time based on morphological operations for driver assistance system
Venue: 2017 4th International Conference on Signal Processing, Computing and Control (ISPCC)
Year: 2017

The objective of this paper is to use image processing techniques to identify the lane lines on the hilly road based on Hough transform. Vision based approach is utilized as it performs well in a wide variety of situations by extracting rich set of information compared to other sensors. The proposed method processes the live video stream from a monocular camera using matlab and extracts the position of lane markings and an algorithm is used to find the lane lines present on the road.
Importancia dos cuidados de higiene oral realizados em pacientes intubados no centro de terapia intensiva
Year: 2019

A infeccao e uma frequente complicacao nas internacoes, com elevada mortalidade em UTI e aumento do tempo de internacao. A Pneumonia Associada a Ventilacao Mecanica (PAVM) e a infeccao mais comum entre pacientes com tubo intratraqueal. A higiene oral e um fator importante de ser controlado de modo a prevenir a PAVM. O objetivo e investigar a relevancia da higiene oral na UTI, em clientela com tubo intratraqueal.  Revisao integrativa da literatura sobre o tema nos ultimos 10 anos.  Na maioria dos casos a higiene oral cabe a enfermagem, onde mesmo tendo sua importancia considerada unanime, muitos profissionais nao seguem protocolos padronizados para este cuidado e falta investimento na capacitacao.  E fundamental estabelecimento de rotina de cuidado de higiene oral ao paciente intubado e o treinamento da equipe de enfermagem para realizar esse cuidado. Sendo benefico para saude dos pacientes e para os gestores, a medida que reduz custos.
Does Health Oriented Tourism Contribute to Sustainable Mobility?
Venue: Sustainability
Year: 2019

Previous research has concentrated on traffic and health related effects in relation to arrival patterns (e.g. stress in connection with means of transport, travel distance, and time) However, tourist mobility behavior during a vacation and potential health related associations as well as its correlation with physical activity habits and mobility patterns at home seems to have barely been examined. To address this research gap, the study at hand applied a mixed method approach in three tourism destinations in Tyrol, Austria. The study examined tourists' mobility as well as their physical activity at home and at the holiday destination. Results show that the preferred transport mode (arrival and on site) is the private car, due to its flexibility and comfort. Hotel front desks, as the main information source, determine tourists' behavioral aspects during a vacation. General mobility routines show differences between everyday life and holiday situations, and physical activity is important for the overall satisfaction of tourists, which proves to be more intense and frequent during a vacation than in everyday life. Seven percent of the tourists participating in the research stated that they had changed their daily mobility behavior after their return, with most of them walking or cycling more often. This study contributes to research in the field of sustainable tourist mobility and physical activity behavior and highlights the necessity for further specific analyses.
A study towards pedagogic renovation and rejuvenation for private engineering colleges in India
Venue: 2012 IEEE International Conference on Engineering Education: Innovative Practices and Future Trends (AICERA)
Year: 2012

An engineering career in India is one of the preferred choices for students at the 10+2 level. The recent high demand for engineering has resulted in the mushrooming of several hundreds of private engineering colleges in the country. Despite this, the industry continues to complain of the absence of trained and quality engineers. As both technology and industry change with time, the education system also needs to adapt to the changing demands. Keeping this in focus, an attempt is made in this paper to explore the various factors affecting the quality of engineering education. These factors include but not limited to the unbridgeable gap between pre graduation and graduation studies, drawbacks in primary education and lack of co ordinated effort of research bodies and Universities. Through this paper we suggest measures such as faculty motivation, curriculum reformation, effective teaching evaluation and self learning and self paced learning. The suggestible measures in a limited context implemented at BTC College of Engineering has provided on the average, better academic performance of engineering students.
Not Aggressive or Just Faking It? Examining Faking and Faking Detection on the Conditional Reasoning Test of Aggression
Year: 2020

Substantial research has been dedicated to examining and combating respondent misrepresentation (i.e. "faking" on personality assessments. Two approaches to combat faking that have garnered particular attention include: (a) designing systems to identify likely fakers and (b) developing difficult to fake measures. Consistent with suggestions to combine these strategies, the present article examines a new faking detection system specifically designed for a difficult to fake measure (i.e. the Conditional Reasoning Test for Aggression; CRT A) Four studies (a) help elucidate the conditions under which the CRT A is fakeable, (b) provide initial construct validity evidence for the faking detection system developed here, (c) examine the effects of faking and faking detection on the CRT A's criterion oriented validity, and (d) show that participants identify CRT based faking detection items at worse than chance levels even when they are fully informed about how these items work. Taken together, these studies reinforce the importance of maintaining the indirect nature of CRTs but also show that the faking detection system developed here represents a promising method of identifying those who may have used inside information to manipulate their scores.
A First Order Primal Dual Algorithm for Convex Problems with Applications to Imaging
Venue: Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision
Year: 2010

In this paper we study a first order primal dual algorithm for non smooth convex optimization problems with known saddle point structure. We prove convergence to a saddle point with rate O(1/N) in finite dimensions for the complete class of problems. We further show accelerations of the proposed algorithm to yield improved rates on problems with some degree of smoothness. In particular we show that we can achieve O(1/N2) convergence on problems, where the primal or the dual objective is uniformly convex, and we can show linear convergence, i.e. O(oN) for some o(0,1) on smooth problems. The wide applicability of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated on several imaging problems such as image denoising, image deconvolution, image inpainting, motion estimation and multi label image segmentation.
Understanding research students' behavioural intention in the adoption of digital libraries
Year: 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that influence the adoption of Higher Education Commission (HEC) National Digital Library among research students in different universities of Pakistan.  The study framework was based on technology acceptance model (TAM) A sample of Pakistani university students completed the questionnaire measuring the effects of extraneous stimuli through cognitive responses on adoption of the HEC digital library. To test the research hypotheses, multiple regression analysis was used.  The findings revealed that: cognitive responses predicted students' intention of using HEC digital library; extraneous variables significantly influenced cognitive responses; system characteristics directly influenced usefulness and ease of use; interface characteristics directly influenced cognitive responses; and individual differences significantly affected the ease of use. Similarly, system quality was identified with the highest direct effect on usefulness, whereas navigation had the highest influence on easy use of the HEC digital library of Pakistan. In addition, usefulness was explored with the highest effect on intention to use the HEC digital library of Pakistan. The findings revealed that individual behaviours influence the use of digital libraries which imply that acceptance of an information system (IS) involve cognitive idiosyncrasies. Findings of the study are useful for Pakistani academic librarians to enhance adoption and usability of the HEC digital library of Pakistan. The study extended cross cultural validation of TAM and explored how that Pakistani university students utilize HEC digital library.  These findings have significant implications for librarians in developing countries, such as to evaluate usability of digital libraries from individuals' perspective, create awareness, customize users' interface and train students in navigational techniques. It may also facilitate librarians to improve their current levels of library assistance and emphasize the usefulness of digital libraries towards academic excellence. The findings equally suggest that individual behaviours influence the use of digital libraries because acceptance of an information system involves cognitive idiosyncrasies. This study explored all possible links between the study constructs and emphasized that findings are useful to enhance the adoption and usability of digital library in the developing countries.  This study is the first attempt that empirically assessed the adoption of digital libraries in terms of Pakistani research students. The study validated TAM in the context of Pakistani university librarianship that extended the cross cultural validation of TAM. Furthermore, the study focused on real constructs instead of dummy variables and predicted significant effects on acceptance and rejection of digital libraries.
Rapid and Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of the Trace Amount of Thallium (III) in Water and Urine Samples by New Oxidative Coupling Reaction
Venue: Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society
Year: 2019

A very simple, sensitive and fairly selective direct spectrophotometric method is presented for the rapid determination of thallium(III) at trace level. The method is based on the oxidation of 2 hydrazono 3 methyl 2,3 dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole hydrochloride (MBTH) by thallium(III) in phosphoric acid medium to form a diazoniumcation, which couples immediately with 10,11 dihydro 5Hdibenzo[b,f]azepine (IDB) at room temperature giving a blue colored species having a maximum absorption at 660 nm. The reaction conditions and other important analytical parameters were optimized.The calibration curve was found to be linear over the range of 0.1 4 mg/mL with molar absorptivity of 4.5 x 104 L mol cm 1 and Sandell's sensitivity of 0.00454 mg cm 2. The relative standard deviation and limit of detection have been found to be 0.58% and 0.0147 mg/mL respectively. Almost all common anions and cations are found notto interfering in matrix level of the analytical process. The method has been successfully applied for the determination of thallium(III) in synthetic standard mixtures, water and human urine samples. The performance of proposed method was evaluated in terms of student's t test and variance ratio F test, to find out the significance of proposed method over the reported methods.
Drawing inferences from cyber espionage
Venue: 2018 10th International Conference on Cyber Conflict (CyCon)
Year: 2018

To survive a confrontation, it helps to understand other side's capabilities and intensions. Estimates of opposing capabilities rest on an empirical basis but understanding the other side's intentions is inferred from words and deeds. Therein lies a dilemma common across all military domains: acts to alter the balance of a confrontation can also shape the inferences that the other side draws about one's intentions. The dilemma also operates in cyberspace, but in unique ways. First, efforts by one side to acquire information on the other can be read by the other side as preparations for a cyber attack prefatory to a military attack. Second, others may draw inferences from the fact of cyber espionage alone, even though the basis for believing in a cyber security dilemma is weak. Third, there are ways of carrying out cyber espionage that can mitigate inferences that others draw about the imminence of cyber attack by, for example, limiting which components within a network are targeted for eavesdropping or by using penetration methods that do not leave arbitrary code behind. Fourth, defenders themselves can also modulate their reactions in ways that limit drawing unnecessary inferences. Fifth, expectations of how well modulating cyber espionage can convey peaceful intentions should be very modest. All these are complicated by difficulties in the target's ascertaining a penetration's date, characterization, and authorship. We conclude with a call for those who would penetrate military related systems to think about the inferences that the other side may draw if such penetrations are discovered.
Teaching Connected Speech and High School English Education in Japan
Year: 2012

Connected speech is the area on which little research has been done and is not taught in any systematic manner in EFL programs, including high school English education in Japan. No teaching material has been published to show a comprehensive view of connected speech. Yet teaching connected speech is essential for listening comprehension as well as pronunciation. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of connected speech that will be helpful for teaching English pronunciation. First, we will see the important of teaching connected speech in English education, especially for listening comprehension. Next, we will look at the present situation of pronunciation teaching at high school in Japan, where no systematic teaching of pronunciation, let alone that of connected speech, is given. Then an overview of connected speech is presented with special emphasis on the articulatory explanations of linking, elision, and assimilation. Unfamiliarity with these combinatory articulatory phenomena is the main cause that hinders the improvement of L2 learners' listening comprehension of fluent native speaker English.
Multivariate adaptive community detection in Twitter
Venue: Int. J. Big Data Intell.
Year: 2016

In this paper, we present and apply a generic approach for multivariate community detection from Twitter data. The multivariate nature of social media communication in general provides for multidimensional interaction patterns, from which we were able to analyse different similarity and interaction patterns between the users, and construct multiple distance matrices based on them. The developed distance matrices facilitate the application of traditional network centric community detection techniques, to identify users clusters. The paper also incorporates an adaptive technique for classifying new content to the already detected communities, based on Bayesian classification, approaching the issues of dynamicity and evolution in social media. Using a dataset of UK political tweets, we evaluate the factors affecting the quality of the detected communities. We also investigate how the accuracy of the classifier is affected by the dynamicity of the network evolution and the time elapsed between community detection and classifier application.
Engineering Object Oriented Semantics Using Graph Transformations
Year: 2006

In this paper we describe the application of the theory of graph transformations to the practise of language design. We have defined the semantics of a small but realistic object oriented language (called TAAL) by mapping the language constructs to graphs and their operational semantics to graph transformation rules. In the process we establish a mapping between UML models and graphs. TAAL was developed for the purpose of this paper, as an extensive case study in engineering object oriented language semantics using graph transformation. It incorporates the basic aspects of many commonly used object oriented programming languages: apart from essential imperative programming constructs, it includes inheritance, object creation and method overriding. The language specification is based on a number of meta models written in UML. Both the static and dynamic semantics are defined using graph rewriting rules. In the course of the case study, we have built an Eclipse plug in that automatically transforms arbitrary TAAL programs into graphs, in a graph format readable by another tool. This second tool is called Groove, and it is able to execute graph transformations. By combining both tools we are able to visually simulate the execution of any TAAL program.
Testing the effect of marketing strategy alignment and triple A supply chain on performance in Egypt
Year: 2015

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of triple A supply chain and marketing strategy alignment on the performance by collecting and analyzing data from the textile industry in Egypt.  A research model is proposed which describes the impact marketing strategy alignment, triple A supply chain on supply chain performance and organizational performance. The proposed research model and hypotheses were tested using correlation analysis and structural equation modeling based on data collected from 153 companies working in the Egyptian textile industry.  The results of the study support that organizational performance is positively associated supply chain performance. Also supply chain performance is directly affected by triple A supply chain and marketing strategy alignment.  The data used in this study were collected from 153 companies working in the Egyptian textile industry. The generalization of the study result.
Effects of Exercise Interventions on Inflammatory Parameters in Acutely Hospitalized Older Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Venue: Journal of clinical medicine
Year: 2021

The purpose of this systematic review and meta analysis was to appraise the acute effects of exercise training on inflammatory parameters in hospitalized older adults. We conducted a systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses guidelines. Web of Science, Medline and PubMed were searched for studies published until August 2020. The review included all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated and compared the effect of exercise versus usual care on inflammatory parameters in acutely hospitalized older adults. Two reviewers independently assessed the studies. The quality of all the included studies was assessed using the DerSimonian Laird random effects inverse variance model. Five studies (275 participants) met the inclusion criteria. The exercise interventions included resistance or multicomponent intervention programs. The results indicate that, compared with usual care, exercise interventions have a positive impact on overall inflammatory parameters, including C reactive protein (CRP) and insulin like growth factor I (IGF 1) (Hedge's g 0.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.33 to 0.04, p 0.011, I2 0% However, analyses of individual inflammatory parameters revealed a non significant trend for reductions in CRP (Hedge's g 0.20, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.07, p 0.151, I2 31.2% and IGF I (Hedge's g 0.34, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.11, p 0.138, I2 0% On the basis of this review, we conclude that exercise during acute hospitalization offers a mild improvement in the inflammatory profile over usual care in older patients. Nevertheless, due to limited number of RCTs, our findings must be interpreted with caution and confirmed in future studies.