nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Learning from Peers at the Wireless Edge
Venue: 2020 International Conference on COMmunication Systems NETworkS (COMSNETS)
Year: 2020

The last mile connection is dominated by wireless links where heterogeneous nodes share the limited and already crowded electromagnetic spectrum. Current contention based decentralized wireless access system is reactive in nature to mitigate the interference. In this paper, we propose to use neural networks to learn and predict spectrum availability in a collaborative manner such that its availability can be predicted with a high accuracy to maximize wireless access and minimize interference between simultaneous links. Edge nodes have a wide range of sensing and computation capabilities, while often using different operator networks, who might be reluctant to share their models. Hence, we introduce a peer to peer Federated Learning model, where a local model is trained based on the sensing results of each node and shared among its peers to create a global model. The need for a base station or access point to act as centralized parameter server is replaced by empowering the edge nodes as aggregators of the local models and minimizing the communication overhead for model transmission. We generate wireless channel access data, which is used to train the local models. Simulation results for both local and global models show over 95 accuracy in predicting channel opportunities in various network topology.
Coping, stress, and personality in Spanish nursing students: A longitudinal study.
Venue: Nurse education today
Year: 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the dominant stress coping style in nursing students, its relationships with stressful life events and personality traits, and the students' changes during their academic training. A non experimental two wave longitudinal design was carried out in 199 nursing students recruited from three Spanish nursing schools. The Stressful Life Events Scale, NEO FFI, and COPE questionnaire were administered at the beginning (T1) and end (T2) of their nursing studies. Descriptive statistics, Anova(s) NPar tests, and Pearson correlations were carried out. Results show that nursing students' dominant coping style was emotion focused coping, both at T1 and T2. Highly significant correlations between emotional coping and the neuroticism trait were found. Coping, stress, and personality changed positively during the training program. At T2, the use of problem focused strategies increased, and participants became more extroverted, agreeable, and conscientious. Coping and personality changes experienced by nursing students throughout their degree program seem to mirror the professional competences needed by future licensed nurses.
Adversarial Machine Learning Industry Perspectives
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

Based on interviews with 28 organizations, we found that industry practitioners are not equipped with tactical and strategic tools to protect, detect and respond to attacks on their Machine Learning (ML) systems. We leverage the insights from the interviews and we enumerate the gaps in perspective in securing machine learning systems when viewed in the context of traditional software security development. We write this paper from the perspective of two personas: developers/ML engineers and security incident responders who are tasked with securing ML systems as they are designed, developed and deployed ML systems. The goal of this paper is to engage researchers to revise and amend the Security Development Lifecycle for industrial grade software in the adversarial ML era.
Self regulation and cross regulation of pattern recognition receptor signalling in health and disease
Venue: Nature Reviews Immunology
Year: 2015

In the initiation of innate immune responses against pathogens, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have an essential role in recognizing specific components of microorganisms and triggering responses that eliminate the invading microorganisms. However, inappropriate activation of PRRs can lead to prolonged inflammation and even to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Thus, PRR triggered responses are regulated through the degradation or translocation of the innate receptors themselves and through the involvement of intracellular regulators or amplifiers. In addition, a complex interplay between PRRs and/or other immune pathways finely tunes the outcome of host immune defence responses. In this Review, I describe many of the numerous distinct mechanisms for the self regulation and cross regulation of innate immune receptor signalling.
Comparative Analysis of Bio Inspired Algorithms for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks
Venue: Wirel. Pers. Commun.
Year: 2021

Mobile nodes in underwater wireless sensor networks are becoming very important as they not only enable flexible sensing areas but also entails the ability to provide means for data and energy sharing among existing static sensor nodes. In this paper, three efficient meta heuristic evolutionary algorithms ant colony optimization, artificial bees colony and firefly algorithm, inspired by swarm intelligence are being compared with an objective to achieve the shortest path for the mobile node in traversing the complete sensing network. We transform this problem into the traveling salesman problem. It is the most famous and commonly used nondeterministic polynomial combinatorial optimization problem in which an artificial agent is set to travel between different cities and calculate distance or time consumed to travel between these nodes or cities for best route selection. Heuristic and meta heuristic algorithms are being used for decades to solve such type of problems. In this comparative study, an analysis of meta heuristic algorithms for obtaining results in less processing time while searching for the optimal solution has been done. Moreover, this paper provides a classification of mentioned algorithms and highlights their characteristics. The experiment has been carried out on these algorithms by manipulating different parameters such as population and number of iteration.
PENERAPAN MODEL ENACTIVE, ICONIC, SYMBOLIC UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI SIFAT SIFAT BANGUN DATAR SEDERHANA
Year: 2013

Penelitian ini berawal dari adanya sebagian besar siswa kelas III A yang kesulitan dalam memahami pembelajaran Matematika pada materi sifat sifat bangun datar sederhana. Peneliti beranggapan bahwa siswa belum memahami konsep sifat sifat bangun datar sederhana yang disebabkan oleh proses belajar yang tidak memperhatikan tahap belajar siswa karena guru langsung memberikan cara penyelesaian tanpa melalui proses. Menurut Bruner (Aisyah, Moh. Salimi 2010) syarat individu agar berhasil dalam belajar harus melalui tahap tahap belajar berupa tahap Enactive, Iconic dan Symbolic. Oleh karena itu dilakukan perbaikan pembelajaran melalui penelitian tindakan kelas dengan tujuan memperoleh gambaran Model Enactive, Iconic dan Symbolic serta dampaknya terhadap aktivitas dan pemahaman konsep sifat sifat bangun datar sederhana. Desain penelitian ini mengadopsi model siklus Kemmis dan Taggart. Langkah yang diterapkan pada model ini berupa: (1) menyajikan contoh nyata tentang bangun datar yang ada di sekitar siswa; (2) menyajikan contoh kongkrit bangun datar yang dapat dimanipulasi siswa; (3) menyajikan contoh semi abstrak bangun datar yang dapat dimanipulasi siswa; (4) menyajikan contoh abstrak bangun datar; (5) dan menyajikan hubungan situasi kongkrit, semi abstrak, dan abstrak. Langkah tersebut didukung oleh pendekatan yang berpusat pada siswa, menggunakan strategi induktif, metode yang bervariasi, dan menggunakan teknik belajar kelompok kecil serta media yang ada di sekitar dan dikenal siswa. Model yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini memberikan dampak cukup baik bagi siswa. Dengan model ini dapat melibatkan siswa secara aktif, keaktifan yang muncul berupa respon, antusias dan perhatian. Adapun kemampuan pemahaman konsep bangun datar sederhana mengalami peningkatan. Terjadi peningkatan daya serap dan ketuntasan belajar yang cukup optimal. Semoga penelitian dapat menjadi sarana pengembangan kurikulum dan pembelajaran dan bermanfaat dalam pembelajaran sifat sifat bangun datar sederhana.  model pembelajaran, enactive, iconic, symbolic, hasil belajar, sifat sifat bangun datar sederhana.
Biocompatibility of Graphene Oxide
Venue: Nanoscale research letters
Year: 2011

Herein, we report the effects of graphene oxides on human fibroblast cells and mice with the aim of investigating graphene oxides' biocompatibility. The graphene oxides were prepared by the modified Hummers method and characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscope and atomic force microscopy. The human fibroblast cells were cultured with different doses of graphene oxides for day 1 to day 5. Thirty mice divided into three test groups (low, middle, high dose) and one control group were injected with 0.1, 0.25, and 0.4 mg graphene oxides, respectively, and were raised for 1 day, 7 days, and 30 days, respectively. Results showed that the water soluble graphene oxides were successfully prepared; graphene oxides with dose less than 20 mg/mL did not exhibit toxicity to human fibroblast cells, and the dose of more than 50 mg/mL exhibits obvious cytotoxicity such as decreasing cell adhesion, inducing cell apoptosis, entering into lysosomes, mitochondrion, endoplasm, and cell nucleus. Graphene oxides under low dose (0.1 mg) and middle dose (0.25 mg) did not exhibit obvious toxicity to mice and under high dose (0.4 mg) exhibited chronic toxicity, such as 4/9 mice death and lung granuloma formation, mainly located in lung, liver, spleen, and kidney, almost could not be cleaned by kidney. In conclusion, graphene oxides exhibit dose dependent toxicity to cells and animals, such as inducing cell apoptosis and lung granuloma formation, and cannot be cleaned by kidney. When graphene oxides are explored for in vivo applications in animal or human body, its biocompatibility must be considered.
Reduced Face Preference in Infancy: A Developmental Precursor to Callous Unemotional Traits?
Venue: Biological Psychiatry
Year: 2015

Children with callous unemotional (CU) traits, a proposed precursor to adult psychopathy, are characterized by impaired emotion recognition, reduced responsiveness to others' distress, and a lack of guilt or empathy. Reduced attention to faces, and more specifically to the eye region, has been proposed to underlie these difficulties, although this has never been tested longitudinally from infancy. Attention to faces occurs within the context of dyadic caregiver interactions, and early environment including parenting characteristics has been associated with CU traits. The present study tested whether infants' preferential tracking of a face with direct gaze and levels of maternal sensitivity predict later CU traits.  Data were analyzed from a stratified random sample of 213 participants drawn from a population based sample of 1233 first time mothers. Infants' preferential face tracking at 5 weeks and maternal sensitivity at 29 weeks were entered into a weighted linear regression as predictors of CU traits at 2.5 years.  Controlling for a range of confounders (e.g. deprivation) lower preferential face tracking predicted higher CU traits (p .001) Higher maternal sensitivity predicted lower CU traits in girls (p .009) but not boys. No significant interaction between face tracking and maternal sensitivity was found.  This is the first study to show that attention to social features during infancy as well as early sensitive parenting predict the subsequent development of CU traits. Identifying such early atypicalities offers the potential for developing parent mediated interventions in children at risk for developing CU traits.
Combining Obstacle Avoidance and Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping for Indoor Navigation
Venue: Symmetry
Year: 2020

People with disabilities (PWD) face a number of challenges such as obstacle avoidance or taking a minimum path to reach a destination while travelling or taking public transport, especially in airports or bus stations. In some cases, PWD, and specifically visually impaired people, have to wait longer to overcome these situations. In order to solve these problems, the computer vision community has applied a number of techniques that are nonetheless insufficient to handle these situations. In this paper, we propose a visual simultaneous localization and mapping for moving person tracking (VSLAMMPT) method that can assist PWD in smooth movement by knowing a position in an unknown environment. We applied expected error reduction with active semisupervised learning (EER ASSL) based person detection to eliminate noisy samples in dynamic environments. After that, we applied VSLAMMPT for effective smoothing, obstacle avoidance, and uniform navigation in an indoor environment. We analyze the joint approach symmetrically and applied the proposed method to benchmark datasets and obtained impressive performance.
Study of the RPC Level 1 trigger efficiency in the compact muon solenoid at LHC with cosmic ray data
Year: 2012

We report a study of the Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) Level 1 (L1) trigger system efficiency in the Barrel of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector of LHC in the same region covered also by the DT trigger system. The method used to study the efficiency exploits the independency of the CMS Drift Tube (DT) and RPC trigger systems. Muon tracks in the event are triggered and reconstructed using the Drift Tube subsystem only, and for each of them we search for a compatible RPC L1 trigger object. We discuss in detail the method and the results of the performance obtained with cosmic ray data taken in 2008 2009.
Media Bias in Autocracies: Evidence from China
Year: 2014

What is the political value of media control for government in an autocracy? To address this question, this paper studies the content of 110 mainstream newspapers in mainland China from 1998 to 2010. Using principal factor analysis, we construct a novel measure of media bias, which positively predicts the probability of a newspaper being a party mouthpiece and negatively predicts a newspaper's advertising revenue. We .nd that more biased newspapers 1) more intensively cover political leaders and cite oC/ cial articles to facilitate top down communication within governments; and 2) more actively report on corruptions and disasters to implement the function of monitoring bureaucrats. Our .ndings show that newspapers in regions with larger advertising markets and those that were historically more exposed to Western culture are less biased, while newspapers in regions at higher administrative levels and thoses that were historically more exposed to the Communist ideology are more biased. Moreover, we .nd that the growth of advertising
Rural response system to prevent violence against women: methodology for a community randomised controlled trial in the central region of Ghana
Venue: Global health action
Year: 2019

Violence against women (VAW) is common in Ghana, with nation wide surveys reporting high prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) (physical, sexual and/or emotional violence) Our trial assesses the community level impact of the Rural Response System which uses Community Based Action Teams 'COMBAT' for preventing VAW in Ghana. This study is a mixed method unmatched cluster randomised controlled trial and includes rural (n 23) peri urban (n 7) and urban (n 10) communities in four districts of the Central Region, Ghana. The trial will last three years with one baseline survey, one impact assessment and a qualitative baseline, midpoint and endline evaluation. A total of 40 localities were selected to serve as clusters (20 per trial arm) with about 82 households per cluster recruited at baseline. The same number will be recruited post intervention. Adult women (18 to 49 years) and men 18 years) were drawn from different localities. Sampling of households within a community was random and done using a computerised system. In each selected household, one female or male resident was invited to participate. Individuals are eligible for inclusion in the study if they usually live (sleep and eat) in the household, have lived in the community for at least a year, and are between the ages of 18 to 49 years old. Our impact assessment component will compare past 12 months incidence of IPV (i.e. IPV experiences for women and perpetration of physical and/or sexual IPV for men) between arms in the trial. The implementation of this community trial comes at an opportune time when evidence on the effectiveness of a targeted VAW intervention in the Ghanaian society is needed to inform the development of national policies for preventing VAW. Our progressive research approach using a mixed method design will further extend knowledge globally on a multifaceted intervention to reduce the incidence of intimate partner violence in a developing country.
Supply chain risk analysis with mean variance models: a technical review
Venue: Ann. Oper. Res.
Year: 2016

Pioneered by Nobel laureate Harry Markowitz in the 1950s, the mean variance (MV) formulation is a fundamental theory for risk management in finance. Over the past decades, there is a growing popularity of applying this ground breaking theory in analyzing stochastic supply chain management problems. Nowadays, there is no doubt that the mean variance (MV) theory is a well proven approach for conducting risk analysis in stochastic supply chain operational models. In view of the growing importance of MV approach in supply chain management, we review a selection of related papers in the literature that focus on MV analytical models. By classifying the literature into three major areas, namely, single echelon problems, multi echelon supply chain problems, and supply chain problems with information updating, we derive insights into the current state of knowledge in each area and identify some associated challenges with a discussion of some specific models. We also suggest future research directions on topics such as information asymmetry, supply networks, and boundedly rational agents, etc. In conclusion, this paper provides up to date information which helps both academicians and practitioners to better understand the development of MV models for supply chain risk analysis.
Long term safety and survival with gefitinib in select patients with advanced non small cell lung cancer: Results from the US IRESSA Clinical Access Program (ICAP)
Venue: Cancer
Year: 2018

This is the first report of long term >10 years) safety, tolerability, and survival data on patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received treatment with gefitinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
Using Perturbed Length aware Positional Encoding for Non autoregressive Neural Machine Translation
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2021

Non autoregressive neural machine translation (NAT) usually employs sequence level knowledge distillation using autoregressive neural machine translation (AT) as its teacher model. However, a NAT model often outputs shorter sentences than an AT model. In this work, we propose sequence level knowledge distillation (SKD) using perturbed length aware positional encoding and apply it to a student model, the Levenshtein Transformer. Our method outperformed a standard Levenshtein Transformer by 2.5 points in bilingual evaluation understudy (BLEU) at maximum in a WMT14 German to English translation. The NAT model output longer sentences than the baseline NAT models.
Sensing and Actuation as a Service Delivery Model in Cloud Edge centric Internet of Things
Venue: Future Gener. Comput. Syst.
Year: 2018

Internet of Things (IoT) is an advanced innovation of the Internet which allows communications among all living or non living things. The smart devices have become powerful and intelligent that they can sense, communicate, compute and actuate among themselves to provide a smart environment. So, in short, it could be possibly known as the Internet of Everything (IoE) However, with the current architecture, the contributors are not motivated to share the sensed data or provide their actuators to others as a service. The security and various node managements are some of the main issues to be addressed for motivating the contributors. Therefore, we introduce "Sensing and Actuation as a Service Delivery Model (SAaaSDM)" which is a cloud edge centric service delivery model. It authorizes access to the IoT Architecture (IoT A) where sensed, actuated, and computed data from various existing mobile devices can be used by the end user through SAaaSDM on a pay as you go fashion. Participatory node management, virtual node management, and quality review management are the emerging components of this architecture. Participatory nodes along with device owners claim for various challenges like cost, reliability, trustworthiness, quality, utility etc. Similarly, the expectations of the end users also appear as a big challenge. In this paper, we present the SAaaSDM system model which can deal with open issues and also discuss the future directions for the researchers in this field.
Multi stable mechanical metamaterials with shape reconfiguration and zero Poisson's ratio
Year: 2018

We investigate the mechanical response of elastic solids perforated with double U array of parallel fine crack, which leaves tailored mechanical metamaterials containing repeated snapping units with programmed tensile behavior. Our results indicate that under uniaxial tension the metamaterials undergo a large extension caused by buckling snap through instabilities, and exhibit very small transverse deformation. We find that by largely stretching the pre cracked specimens, nonlinear mechanical responses including self recovering snapping and multi stability enabling snapping behaviors can be generated by tuning the relative stiffness of the curved segments. On this basis, topology analysis is carried out to design three dimensional (3D) multi stable configurations for practical applications such as shape reconfigurable tubes as well as variable stiffness and strength material. This work gives rise to the design, analysis and manufacture of zero Poisson's ratio and shape reconfigurable materials.
Leucine Rich Repeat Kinase 2 Controls the Ca2+/Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells/IL 2 Pathway during Aspergillus Non Canonical Autophagy in Dendritic Cells
Venue: Front. Immunol.
Year: 2018

The Parkinson's disease associated protein, Leucine rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) a known negative regulator of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) is expressed in myeloid cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) and is involved in the host immune response against pathogens. Since, the Ca2+/NFAT/IL 2 axis has been previously found to regulate DC response to the fungus Aspergillus, we have investigated the role played by the kinase LRRK2 during fungal infection. Mechanistically, we found that in the early stages of the non canonical autophagic response of DCs to the germinated spores of Aspergillus, LRRK2 undergoes progressive degradation and regulates NFAT translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Our results shed new light on the complexity of the Ca2+/NFAT/IL 2 pathway, where LRRK2 plays a role in controlling the immune response of DCs to Aspergillus.