nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Data Dependant Learners Ensemble Pruning
Venue: J. Softw.
Year: 2012

Ensemble learning aims at combining several slightly different learners to construct stronger learner. Ensemble of a well selected subset of learners would outperform than ensemble of all. However, the well studied accuracy diversity ensemble pruning framework would lead to over fit of training data, which results a target learner of relatively low generalization ability. We propose to ensemble with base learners trained by both labeled and unlabeled data, by adopting data dependant kernel mapping, which has been proved successful in semi supervised learning, to get more generalized base learners. We bootstrap both training data and unlabeled data, namely point cloud, to build slight different data set, then construct data dependant kernel. With such kernels data point can be mapped to different feature space which results effective ensemble. We also proof that ensemble of learners trained by both labeled and unlabeled data is of better generalization ability in the meaning of graph Laplacian. Experiments on UCI data repository show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Electropositive seizures and non convulsive status epilepticus in a critically ill patient with prior skull defect.
Venue: Epileptic disorders international epilepsy journal with videotape
Year: 2020

Epileptiform discharges captured on routine scalp EEG typically carry a surface negative dipole. We present a patient whose continuous EEG recording in the intensive care setting captured frequent electropositive non convulsive seizures. Epileptiform discharges with positive polarity are common in the pediatric population but have rarely been reported in adult patients. When reported in adults, such patients usually have skull defects. As surface positive discharges are scarce, adult electroencephalographers should be prudent to differentiate such discharges from artifact, particularly in an intensive care setting where EEG artifact is common.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU VULVA HYGIENE SAAT MENSTRUASI DENGAN KEJADIAN PRURITUS VULVAE PADA REMAJA PUTRI KELAS VII DI SMP NEGERI 1 SEPULU BANGKALAN
Venue: EMBRIO
Year: 2019

Pruritus vulvae merupakan gangguan yang ditandai dengan rasa gatal pada alat kelamin eksternal perempuan. Pruritus vulvae bisa disebabkan oleh bakteri, jamur, dan virus.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dan perilaku tentang vulva higiene saat menstruasi dengan kejadian pruritus vulvae pada remaja putri kelas VII di SMP Negeri 1 Sepulu Bangkalan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian analitik dengan dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah seluruh remaja putri kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Sepulu Bangkalan sebanyak 98 orang. Sampel diperoleh sebanyak 79 orang yang ditentukan dengan teknik simple random sampling. Variabel independen adalah pengetahuan dan perilaku vulva hygiene saat menstruasi dan variabel dependenadalah kejadian pruritus vulvae. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah kuesioner.Uji statistik menggunakan Lambda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara pengetahuan tentang vulva higiene (p=0,028 I+ =0,05) dan perilaku tentang vulva higiene (p=0,006 I+ =0,05) saat menstuasi dengan kejadian pruritus vulvae pada remaja putri kelas VII di SMP Negeri 1 Sepulu Bangkalan. Untuk itu, pengetahuan dan perilaku vulva hygiene pada remaja putri harus ditingkatkan, karena pengetahuan dan perilaku vulva hygiene yang baik, akan mengurangi kejadian pruritus vulvae.
Factors affecting failed localisation and false negative rates of sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer results of the ALMANAC validation phase
Venue: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
Year: 2006

SummaryBackgroundDespite the widespread application of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for early stage breast cancer, there is a wide variation in reported test performance characteristics. A major aim of this prospective multicentre validation study was to quantify detection and false negative rates of SLNB and evaluate factors influencing them.MethodsEight hundred and fourty two patients with clinically node negative breast cancer underwent SLNB according to a standardised protocol that used a combination of radiopharmaceutical 99mTc albumin colloid and Patent Blue V dye. SLNB was followed by standard axillary treatment at the same operation in all patients.ResultsSentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) were identified in 803 (96.1% of 836 evaluable cases. The median number of SLNs removed per patient was 2 (range 1 9) There were 19 false negatives, resulting in a sensitivity of 263/282 (93.3% and accuracy 782/803 (97.6% SLNs were successfully identified by blue dye in 698 (85.6% by isotope in 698 (85.6% and by the combination of blue dye and isotope in 782 (96.0% of 815 patients. Among 276 node positive patients, one or more positive SLNs were identified by blue dye in 251 (90.9% by isotope in 246 (89.1% and by the combination of blue dye and gamma probe in 258 (93.5% Obesity, tumor location other than upper outer quadrant and non visualisation of SLNs on the pre operative lymphoscintiscan were significantly associated with failed localisation (p<0.001, p=0.008, p<0.001, respectively) The false negative rate in patients with grade 3 tumors was 9.6% compared with 4.7% in those with grade 2 tumors (p=0.022) The false negative rate in patients who had one SLN harvested was 10.1% compared with 1.1% in those who had multiple SLNs (three or more) removed (p=0.010).ConclusionSLNB can accurately determine whether axillary metastases are present in patients with early stage breast cancer with clinically negative axillary nodes. Both success and accuracy of SLNB are optimised by the combined use of blue dye and isotope. SLNB success decreases with increasing body mass, tumor location other than the upper outer quadrant and non visualisation of hot nodes on the pre operative lymphoscintiscan. This study demonstrates reduction in the predictive value of a negative SLNB in grade 3 tumors.
RNA sequence and length contribute to RNA induced conformational change of TLS/FUS
Venue: Scientific Reports
Year: 2020

Translocated in liposarcoma (TLS)/fused in sarcoma (FUS) is a multitasking DNA/RNA binding protein implicated in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Upon DNA damage, TLS is recruited to the upstream region of the cyclin D1 gene CCND1 through binding to the promotor associated non coding RNA (pncRNA) that is transcribed from and tethered at the upstream region. Binding to pncRNA is hypothesized to cause the conformational change of TLS that enables its inhibitive interaction with histone acetyltransferases and resultant repression of CCND1 expression, although no experimental proof has been obtained. Here, the closed to open conformational change of TLS on binding pncRNA was implied by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. A small fragment (31 nucleotides) of the full length pncRNA (602 nucleotides) was shown to be sufficient for the conformational change of TLS. Dissection of pncRNA identified the G rich RNA sequence that is critical for the conformational change. The length of RNA was also revealed to be critical for the conformational change. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the conformational change of TLS is caused by another target DNA and RNA, telomeric DNA and telomeric repeat containing RNA. The conformational change of TLS on binding target RNA/DNA is suggested to be essential for biological functions.
Real time DDoS attack detection using FPGA
Venue: Comput. Commun.
Year: 2017

A real time DDoS attack detection method should identify attacks with low computational overhead. Although a large number of statistical methods have been designed for DDoS attack detection, real time statistical solution to detect DDoS attacks in hardware is only a few. In this paper, a real time DDoS detection method is proposed that uses a novel correlation measure to identify DDoS attacks. Effectiveness of the method is evaluated with three network datasets, viz. CAIDA DDoS 2007, MIT DARPA, and TUIDS. Further, the proposed method is implemented on an FPGA to analyze its performance. The method yields high detection accuracy and the FPGA implementation requires less than one microsecond to identify an attack.
Everyday Atrocities and Ordinary Miracles, or Why I (Still) Bear Witness to Sexual Violence (But Not Too Often)
Year: 2008

Seventeen years after having been jumped from behind, beaten, raped, strangled into unconsciousness, and left for dead at the bottom of a ravine in a rural area in the south of France, I still as I just did occa sionally bear witness to the assault. Why do I continue to tell this story? It certainly isn't because I enjoy doing so: at this point, telling the story is neither therapeutic nor retraumatizing. Frankly, after telling this story hundreds of times, to perhaps a million people (if one counts the readers of the Sunday New York Times) I'm bored by it. 1 But I continue to tell it, albeit with decreasing frequency, because doing so is bearing witness to something much larger, and much worse, than what happened to me per sonally: namely, the atrocity of widespread and ongoing gender based violence against women around the world. I also mention it, somewhat paradoxically, to reassure other victims of sexual violence that I've moved beyond it and don't feel the need to talk about it regularly any more. Looking back on the several years before I was attacked, I see now that I was living a charmed life. I was newly married and had a full time job I loved, teaching philosophy at Dartmouth, and enough energy and drive to teach additional courses at both New York University and Princeton, while sitting in on law school classes at NYU, taking tap dancing lessons in SoHo and musical theater classes in Greenwich Vil lage, and singing jazz occasionally with friends in piano bars in the city. One term I managed to teach five days a week at Dartmouth and still spend every weekend in New York City with my partner going to cabarets and jazz concerts and Sunday night swing dancing at the Cat Club. And, then, wham! I lost it all, just that suddenly, and for a very long time, but I can now report not forever. In spite of my having
A systematic review and an individual patient data meta analysis of ivermectin use in children weighing less than fifteen kilograms: Is it time to reconsider the current contraindication?
Venue: PLoS neglected tropical diseases
Year: 2021

Oral ivermectin is a safe broad spectrum anthelminthic used for treating several neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) Currently, ivermectin use is contraindicated in children weighing less than 15 kg, restricting access to this drug for the treatment of NTDs. Here we provide an updated systematic review of the literature and we conducted an individual level patient data (IPD) meta analysis describing the safety of ivermectin in children weighing less than 15 kg.  A systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) for IPD guidelines by searching MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid Embase, LILACS, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, TOXLINE for all clinical trials, case series, case reports, and database entries for reports on the use of ivermectin in children weighing less than 15 kg that were published between 1 January 1980 to 25 October 2019.  A total of 3,730 publications were identified, 97 were selected for potential inclusion, but only 17 sources describing 15 studies met the minimum criteria which consisted of known weights of children less than 15 kg linked to possible adverse events, and provided comprehensive IPD. A total of 1,088 children weighing less than 15 kg were administered oral ivermectin for one of the following indications: scabies, mass drug administration for scabies control, crusted scabies, cutaneous larva migrans, myiasis, pthiriasis, strongyloidiasis, trichuriasis, and parasitic disease of unknown origin. Overall a total of 1.4% (15/1,088) of children experienced 18 adverse events all of which were mild and self limiting. No serious adverse events were reported.  Existing limited data suggest that oral ivermectin in children weighing less than 15 kilograms is safe. Data from well designed clinical trials are needed to provide further assurance.
B. F. Skinner's Science and Human Behavior: Some Further Consequences
Year: 2017

Skinner's (1953) Science and Human Behavior suggested that a science of human behavior could potentially have both negative and positive impacts on human welfare. The present paper first outlines how the contemporary gambling, and advertising, industry illustrate several of Skinner's (1953) concerns and then discusses how medicalization and the critical psychiatry movement share important epistemological similarities with Skinner's work. Skinner (1953) worried that a science of human behavior might negatively impact human welfare, and Skinner's concerns, and potential solutions, are explored in the context of current research.
Alternatives to In Vivo Draize Rabbit Eye and Skin Irritation Tests with a Focus on 3D Reconstructed Human Cornea Like Epithelium and Epidermis Models
Venue: Toxicological research
Year: 2017

Human eyes and skin are frequently exposed to chemicals accidentally or on purpose due to their external location. Therefore, chemicals are required to undergo the evaluation of the ocular and dermal irritancy for their safe handling and use before release into the market. Draize rabbit eye and skin irritation test developed in 1944, has been a gold standard test which was enlisted as OECD TG 404 and OECD TG 405 but it has been criticized with respect to animal welfare due to invasive and cruel procedure. To replace it, diverse alternatives have been developed: (i) For Draize eye irritation test, organotypic assay, in vitro cytotoxicity based method, in chemico tests, in silico prediction model, and 3D reconstructed human cornea like epithelium (RhCE) (ii) For Draize skin irritation test, in vitro cytotoxicity based cell model, and 3D reconstructed human epidermis models (RhE) Of these, RhCE and RhE models are getting spotlight as a promising alternative with a wide applicability domain covering cosmetics and personal care products. In this review, we overviewed the current alternatives to Draize test with a focus on 3D human epithelium models to provide an insight into advancing and widening their utility.
Comparison of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) and Duloxetine Treatment Outcomes in Women Patients with Somatic Symptom Disorder
Year: 2017

Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) is a debilitating disorder that significantly diminishes quality of life and causes psychological distress such as anxiety and depression. The paper explored the efficiency of the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in SSD. The current investigation is a clinical trial investigating the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization (EMDR) therapy in the treatment of 31 first diagnosed SSD patients in comparison to age, education and marital status matched 31 first diagnosed SSD patients who received duloxetine over a 6 week course of treatment. Somatization subscale of the Symptom Checklist Revised 90 (SCL 90) Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Short Form Health Survey (SF 36) were administered to the participants. EMDR group showed enhanced improvement relative to baseline after 6 weeks of treatment compared to duloxetine group. We concluded that EMDR appears to be a highly promising therapy and should be considered among the first line interventions in the treatment of SSD.
Poverty Alleviation: Corporate Social Responsibility Approaches by Multinational Corporations in Lao PDR and Thailand
Year: 2012

Poverty has long been an endemic problem in developing countries. The role of multinational corporations (MNCs) in fostering or undermining development within poor local communities in developing countries has been a subject of intensive debate within academic and practitioner circles. This paper explores the contribution to poverty alleviation from MNCs in two South East Asian countries, Lao PDR and Thailand, in the form of corporate social responsibility (CSR) The focus of this research is on the nature and types of CSR activitiesin through which MNCs attempt to (1) create social engagement among local actors and, (2) fight poverty and improve living conditions in both locations. The results identify three key themes: (1) economic contribution and poverty alleviation, (2) social development and poverty alleviation, and (3) human rights and poverty alleviation. Data also elucidate both similarities and differences in approaches by MNCs, roles they play in developing countries, patterns of CSR strategies and challenges from the host countries in conducting poverty alleviation activities.
Multivariate data analysis and machine learning in Alzheimer's disease with a focus on structural magnetic resonance imaging.
Venue: Journal of Alzheimer's disease JAD
Year: 2014

Machine learning algorithms and multivariate data analysis methods have been widely utilized in the field of Alzheimer's disease (AD) research in recent years. Advances in medical imaging and medical image analysis have provided a means to generate and extract valuable neuroimaging information. Automatic classification techniques provide tools to analyze this information and observe inherent disease related patterns in the data. In particular, these classifiers have been used to discriminate AD patients from healthy control subjects and to predict conversion from mild cognitive impairment to AD. In this paper, recent studies are reviewed that have used machine learning and multivariate analysis in the field of AD research. The main focus is on studies that used structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) but studies that included positron emission tomography and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in addition to MRI are also considered. A wide variety of materials and methods has been employed in different studies, resulting in a range of different outcomes. Influential factors such as classifiers, feature extraction algorithms, feature selection methods, validation approaches, and cohort properties are reviewed, as well as key MRI based and multi modal based studies. Current and future trends are discussed.
InAs/InAsSb Type II Superlattice Mid Wavelength Infrared Focal Plane Array With Significantly Higher Operating Temperature Than InSb
Venue: IEEE Photonics Journal
Year: 2018

We report focal plane array (FPA) results on a mid wavelength InAs/InAsSb type II strained layer superlattice (T2SLS) unipolar barrier infrared detector with a cutoff wavelength of 5.4 mm. For 300 K background in the 3 5 mm band, f/2 aperture, an FPA operating at 150 K exhibits a mean noise equivalent differential temperature (NEDT) of 18.5 mK, and an NEDT operability of 99.7% The NEDT distribution has a width of 8 mK, with no noticeable distribution tail, indicating excellent uniformity. The mean noise equivalent irradiance is 9.1 x 10<sup>11</sup> photons/sec cm<sup>2</sup> The mean quantum efficiency is 49.1% without antireflection coating, and the mean specific detectivity (D<sup>/sup> is 2.53 x 10<sup>11</sup> cm Hz<sup> 1/2 /sup>/W. Benefitting from an absorber material with a much longer Shockley Read Hall minority carrier lifetime, and a device architecture that suppresses generation recombination and surface leakage dark current, the InAs/InAsSb T2SLS barrier infrared detector FPA has demonstrated a significantly higher operating temperature than the mid wavelength infrared market leading InSb.
Analisis de los referentes culturales en 'Pulp Fiction' y su traduccion al castellano en la subtitulacion
Year: 2016

En el presente trabajo, se realizara un estudio sobre los referentes culturales, una de las mayores dificultades a las que se puede enfrentar un traductor, que se convierten en un reto aun mayor en la traduccion audiovisual por las particularidades propias de este ambito. Estas dificultades han llevado a diversos autores a proponer tecnicas y estrategias para poder solventarlas, tales como el prestamo, el calco, las notas a pie de pagina, etc. y a enumerar los factores a tener en cuenta para su eleccion. En este trabajo se analizaran, por tanto, los referentes culturales y las tecnicas y estrategias que se utilizan para su traduccion, centrandonos siempre en la traduccion audiovisual, y particularmente en la subtitulacion para el cine. Para poder contar con un corpus para llevar a cabo el trabajo, se analizaran las diferentes tecnicas de traduccion utilizadas en la subtitulacion al castellano de los referentes culturales en Pulp Fiction, pelicula estrenada en 1994 y dirigida por Quentin Tarantino. El objetivo de este estudio sera detectar dichos elementos culturales, clasificarlos y ver que estrategias se han seguido para su traduccion en la subtitulacion
Finasteride and Its Potential for the Treatment of Female Pattern Hair Loss: Evidence to Date
Venue: Drug design, development and therapy
Year: 2020

The currently approved treatment for female pattern hair loss (FPHL) includes topical minoxidil administration; however, this treatment fails to achieve hair regrowth in some patients. Finasteride, a selective 5a reductase inhibitor (5 ARI) may be considered as an alternative treatment. However, because of its potential teratogenic effects, clinical studies and use of finasteride for FPHL are limited. In this review, we aim to summarize the literature regarding the pharmacology, clinical efficacy, and adverse effects of oral finasteride for the treatment of FPHL and to provide novel therapeutic options including topical finasteride and dutasteride, a new generation 5 ARI, for the treatment of FPHL.
Mucosal Immunization with Iron Receptor Antigens Protects against Urinary Tract Infection
Venue: PLoS pathogens
Year: 2009

Uncomplicated infections of the urinary tract, caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli, are among the most common diseases requiring medical intervention. A preventive vaccine to reduce the morbidity and fiscal burden these infections have upon the healthcare system would be beneficial. Here, we describe the results of a large scale selection process that incorporates bioinformatic, genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic screens to identify six vaccine candidates from the 5379 predicted proteins encoded by uropathogenic E. coli strain CFT073. The vaccine candidates, ChuA, Hma, Iha, IreA, IroN, and IutA, all belong to a functional class of molecules that is involved in iron acquisition, a process critical for pathogenesis in all microbes. Intranasal immunization of CBA/J mice with these outer membrane iron receptors elicited a systemic and mucosal immune response that included the production of antigen specific IgM, IgG, and IgA antibodies. The cellular response to vaccination was characterized by the induction and secretion of IFN g and IL 17. Of the six potential vaccine candidates, IreA, Hma, and IutA provided significant protection from experimental infection. In immunized animals, class switching from IgM to IgG and production of antigen specific IgA in the urine represent immunological correlates of protection from E. coli bladder colonization. These findings are an important first step toward the development of a subunit vaccine to prevent urinary tract infections and demonstrate how targeting an entire class of molecules that are collectively required for pathogenesis may represent a fundamental strategy to combat infections.