nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Ten Years of WMT Evaluation Campaigns: Lessons Learnt
Year: 2016

The WMT evaluation campaign (http:/www.statmt.org/wmt16) has been run annually since 2006. It is a collection of shared tasks related to machine translation, in which researchers compare their techniques against those of others in the field. The longest running task in the campaign is the translation task, where participants translate a common test set with their MT systems. In addition to the translation task, we have also included shared tasks on evaluation: both on automatic metrics (since 2008) which compare the reference to the MT system output, and on quality estimation (since 2012) where system output is evaluated without a reference. An important component of WMT has always been the manual evaluation, wherein human annotators are used to produce the official ranking of the systems in each translation task. This reflects the belief of the WMT organizers that human judgement should be the ultimate arbiter of MT quality. Over the years, we have experimented with different methods of improving the reliability, efficiency and discriminatory power of these judgements. In this paper we report on our experiences in running this evaluation campaign, the current state of the art in MT evaluation (both human and automatic) and our plans for future editions of WMT.
Learning motivational interviewing: prospects to preserve practitioners' well being
Year: 2020

PurposeMotivational interviewing (MI) is a collaborative communication style designed to help clients achieve desired behavior changes. MI includes communication methods along with a mindset that avoids attempting to impose behavior change. Relying on the conservation of resources theory, this research report argues that learning MI helps practitioners communicate more effectively and preserve their own psychological health resources. tested whether MI training resulted in beneficial effects on practitioners' resilience and burnout (i.e. exhaustion and disengagement) surveying participants (N 42) from various disciplines who learned MI at a training institute. Subjects received a questionnaire before and one month after MI training. The post training questionnaire also assessed whether participants applied the training content in practice. results revealed that the training reduced participants' disengagement. Practical application was a predictor for this decrease as well as an increase in resilience.Practical implicationsLearning MI not only helps in facilitating behavior change in clients but also in bolstering practitioners' own resources. MI novices should aim to apply their newly acquired skills.valueThis study is among the first to explicitly hint at the possibility that learning MI helps practitioners preserve their psychological resources.
Structural features and physico mechanical properties of AlN TiB2 TiSi2 amorphous like coatings
Venue: Journal of Superhard Materials
Year: 2015

The coating of the AlN TiB2 TiSi2 system has been produced by the magnetron sputtering of a target. At the high temperature (900 and 1300degC) actions the coating crystallization to form crystallites of sizes 11 25 nm has been observed. It has been defined that the amorphous like structure is promising for the use of these coatings as diffusion barriers both as the independent elements and a contacting layer in multilayer wear resistant coatings. It has been shown that the use of the resultant composite as an effective protective coating for cutting tools will make it possible to increase the tools wear resistance by more than 30% at the temperature up to 1300degC in the cutting zone.
Does touch matter? The impact of stroking versus non stroking maternal touch on cardio respiratory processes in mothers and infants
Venue: Physiology Behavior
Year: 2019

The beneficial effects of touch in development were already observed in different types of skin to skin care. In the current study, we aimed at studying potential underlying mechanisms of these effects in terms of parasympatho inhibitory regulation. We examined the specific impact of affective maternal stroking versus non stroking touch on the cardio respiration of both mothers and infants in terms of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) We compared a 3 min TOUCH PERIOD (stroking or non stroking touch) with a baseline before (PRE TOUCH) and after (POST TOUCH) in 45 dyads (24 stroking/21 non stroking touch) with infants aged 4 16 weeks. We registered mother infant ECG, respiration and made video recordings. We calculated RR interval (RRI) respiration rate (fR) and (respiratory corrected) RSA and analyzed stroking mean velocity rate (MVR) of the mothers. ANOVA tests showed a significant different impact on infants' respiratory corrected RSA of stroking touch (increase) versus non stroking touch (decrease) Further, during and after stroking touch, RRI significantly increased whereas fR significantly decreased. Non stroking touch had no significant impact on infants' RRI and fR. In the mothers, RRI significantly decreased and fR significantly increased during the TOUCH PERIOD. The mothers' MVR occurred within the range of 1 10 cm/s matching with the optimal afferent stimulation range of a particular class of cutaneous unmyelinated, low threshold mechano sensitive nerves, named c tactile (CT) afferents. We suggest CT afferents to be the a potential missing link between the processing of affective touch and the development of physiological and emotional self regulation. The results are discussed with regard to the potential role of CT afferents within the building of early self regulation as part of a multisensory intuitive parenting system and the importance to respect this ecological context of an infant in research and clinical applications.
Causality Between Tourism and Economic Development: The Case of China
Year: 2020

This study applies a bootstrap panel Granger causality test to examine the causal relationship between international tourism receipts and economic growth in 20 regions of China for the period from 1995 to 2015, accounting for both dependency and heterogeneity across regions. The empirical results support evidence for the growth hypothesis in the regions, such as Anhui, Henan, Hubei, Ningxia, and Shannxi. A reverse relationship supports evidence on the conservation hypothesis for the regions, such as Hunan and Inner Mongolia. A reciprocal causal relationship was found in Qinghai and Tibet, while the result of a neutrality hypothesis supported 11 of these 20 major regions (i.e. Chognqing, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Heilongjiang, Jiangxi, Jilin, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang and Yunnan)
Design of Mine Flameproof and Intrinsically Safe Combination Switch Protection System
Venue: 2020 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC)
Year: 2020

The mine flameproof and intrinsic safety combination switch is used in the electrical equipment of coal mine. In order to improve the safety and automation of coal mine and reduce the occurrence of underground fault, this paper designs a protection system of mine flameproof and intrinsic safety combination switch according to the power supply characteristics of coal mine underground working faces. The proposed protection system includes leakage protection, short circuit protection and other hardware protection circuits. And intrinsically safe circuit is used to protect the underground explosion, which effectively protects the system and guarantees the safety of coal mine production.
Fast Rotation Invariant DAISY Descriptor for Image Keypoint Matching
Venue: 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia
Year: 2010

In this paper, we introduce an improved version of DAISY descriptor algorithm for fast and high quality image key point matching. Since DAISY descriptor algorithm has many prominent advantages but lacks the ability of handling large in plane rotation, we thus construct our Rotation Invariant DAISY descriptor to effectively settle this shortcoming. We first extract key points of images by Harris corner detector, and then use histogram data of every key point to assign a local orientation for each. During the step of constructing descriptors, we rotate the coordinate axis of every key point to its local orientation, and obtain Rotation Invariant DAISY descriptors. In order to accelerate matching task, we apply PCA to descriptors for dimension reduction. Our experiments demonstrate that the Fast Rotation Invariant DAISY has better performance in various image distortions. The results also testify that this approach consumes less time when obtains similar results of SIFT descriptor algorithm, and it can be applied more densely in different kinds of images but SIFT cannot.
Design and construction planning of the Macleay River and Floodplain Bridge (Australia's longest bridge)
Year: 2011

The Macleay River and Floodplain Bridge forms part of the overall Kempsey to Eungai Pacific Highway Upgrade Project and when completed will be the longest bridge in Australia, with an overall length of 3.2km, extending over the Frogmore Floodplain and the Macleay River. The bridge consists of a single structure, 21.6m wide, providing two carriageways separated by a median barrier with two 3.5m wide traffic lanes in each direction, plus an outer shoulder width of 2.5m and inner shoulder width of 1.0m. This paper will cover the following aspects of the project: (a) Description of the site and the final structural and geotechnical design; (b) The development by Abigroup and its designers (Arup and Benaim) of the design of the bridge, from the tendered design through to the detailed design; (c) Key aspects of the design including geotechnical, flood modelling, scour and drainage design; and (d) The challenges for the construction including the installation of 328 steel driven piles and 64 bored piles and the logistics involved in the manufacture, delivery and installation of 941 Super T girders. The project is currently in the detailed design phase, with construction having commenced in July 2011, with a completion target of December 2012.
Developing a deeper understanding of mathematics teaching expertise: an examination of three Chinese mathematics teachers' resource systems as windows into their work and expertise
Year: 2016

In order to develop a deeper understanding of mathematics teaching expertise, in this study we use the Documentational Approach to Didactics to explore the resource systems of three Chinese mathematics "expert" teachers. Exploiting the Western and Eastern literature we examine the notion of "mathematics teaching expertise" as it is perceived in the East and the West. The data consist of two rounds of in depth interviews, observations and teachers' representations of their resource systems, where teachers describe their resources connected to their practice, their perceptions of mathematics teaching expertise, and how to develop it. Subsequently, the data are analyzed with respect to the different facets of the notion of teaching expertise and related to the teachers' views and practices, in order to deepen our understandings of what proficiency in mathematics teaching might mean and how to develop it, seen through the lens of 'resources' The significance of the study relates to the enhancement of mathematics teachers' expertise and capacity building when working in collectives (e.g. in teacher professional development) in order to develop a strong workforce for supporting and helping to improve pupil learning.
Towards impact based flood forecasting and warning in Bangladesh: a case study at the local level in Sirajganj district
Year: 2018

Impact based forecasting and warning services aim to bridge the gap between producers and users of warning information by connecting and increasing synergies between the components of effective early warning systems. We tested qualitatively whether a warning message based on colour codes is understandable and useful to trigger risk mitigation actions at the local level in the flood exposed communities of Rajapur and Ghorjan unions in Sirajganj district, Bangladesh. With a community based approach for different groups of users (i.e. sectors) flood impact scenarios were determined from past events and related to colour codes. These were developed into impact based forecasting and warnings that can connect water levels, through the colour code, to localised guidance information tailored to sectors' needs on how to respond to the expected flood. This approach was tested through a limited number of focus group discussions and interviews at the community level. Overall, the colour coded impact based warnings were found to be an easy and understandable way to link water level forecasts to the necessary risk mitigation actions, however, further investigation is needed to validate these findings under real time conditions. IBFW has huge potential in Bangladesh but its integration requires significant institutional changes, such as an inter facing agency (long term) or team (short term) adjusted policy frameworks (standing orders on disasters) and new resource allocations for skills development and technological innovation from national to local levels. Overall, this paper aims to offer a first insight into impact based forecasting and warning services in Bangladesh to trigger further research and project developments.
Offline Learning of Counterfactual Perception as Prediction for Real World Robotic Reinforcement Learning
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

We propose a method for offline learning of counterfactual predictions to address real world robotic reinforcement learning challenges. The proposed method encodes action oriented visual observations as several "what if" questions learned offline from prior experience using reinforcement learning methods. These "what if" questions counterfactually predict how action conditioned observation would evolve on multiple temporal scales if the agent were to stick to its current action. We show that combining these offline counterfactual predictions along with online in situ observations (e.g. force feedback) allows efficient policy learning with only a sparse terminal (success/failure) reward. We argue that the learned predictions form an effective representation of the visual task, and guide the online exploration towards high potential success interactions (e.g. contact rich regions) Experiments were conducted in both simulation and real world scenarios for evaluation. Our results demonstrate that it is practical to train a reinforcement learning agent to perform real world fine manipulation in about half a day, without hand engineered perception systems or calibrated instrumentation. Recordings of the real robot training can be found via this https URL.
Scale Free Networks: A Decade and Beyond
Venue: Science
Year: 2009

For decades, we tacitly assumed that the components of such complex systems as the cell, the society, or the Internet are randomly wired together. In the past decade, an avalanche of research has shown that many real networks, independent of their age, function, and scope, converge to similar architectures, a universality that allowed researchers from different disciplines to embrace network theory as a common paradigm. The decade old discovery of scale free networks was one of those events that had helped catalyze the emergence of network science, a new research field with its distinct set of challenges and accomplishments.
Evolution of the Corsica Sardinia Batholith and late orogenic shearing of the Variscides
Year: 2015

The Corsica Sardinia Batholith formed in the late Carboniferous Permian along the northern Gondwana margin. One or more of the following processes may have raised the Variscan geotherm enhancing melting of the crust and uppermost mantle, such as: i) break off and detachment of the Rheic oceanic slab, ii) mantle delamination due to gravitational re equilibration of thickened crust, iii) shear heating, iv) advection of mantle derived melts, and v) concentration of heat producing elements. In this paper, we present a simple one dimensional thermal model to explain the origin of the batholith in a geodynamic setting consistent with intraplate shearing between Gondwana and Cadomian Avalonian blocks. Input parameters, and boundary and initial conditions of the model crust are derived from a careful re examination of large petrological, geochronological, and structural datasets. All parameters are varied within a range of geologically realistic values to reproduce thermal histories related to different tectonic processes, and the reliability of models is quantitatively evaluated by comparing the simulated geotherms with a large dataset of pressure temperature time (P T t) constraints. The best fit to P T t constraints is obtained for: i) break off in the Late Devonian Early Carboniferous, ii) decreasing exhumation rates from 340 to 280 Ma, and iii) transpression at high average strain rates, mostly coeval with the peak of high T low P metamorphism.
A cross species approach to identify transcriptional regulators exemplified for Dnajc22 and Hnf4a
Venue: Scientific Reports
Year: 2017

There is an enormous need to make better use of the ever increasing wealth of publicly available genomic information and to utilize the tremendous progress in computational approaches in the life sciences. Transcriptional regulation of protein coding genes is a major mechanism of controlling cellular functions. However, the myriad of transcription factors potentially controlling transcription of any given gene makes it often difficult to quickly identify the biological relevant transcription factors. Here, we report on the identification of Hnf4a as a major transcription factor of the so far unstudied DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C22 (Dnajc22) We propose an approach utilizing recent advances in computational biology and the wealth of publicly available genomic information guiding the identification of potential transcription factor candidates together with wet lab experiments validating computational models. More specifically, the combined use of co expression analyses based on self organizing maps with sequence based transcription factor binding prediction led to the identification of Hnf4a as the potential transcriptional regulator for Dnajc22 which was further corroborated using publicly available datasets on Hnf4a. Following this procedure, we determined its functional binding site in the murine Dnajc22 locus using ChIP qPCR and luciferase assays and verified this regulatory loop in fruitfly, zebrafish, and humans.
Analog Circuit Incipient Fault Diagnosis from Raw Signals using Multi Layer Extreme Learning Machine
Venue: 2020 11th International Conference on Prognostics and System Health Management (PHM 2020 Jinan)
Year: 2020

Analog circuits play important roles in modern electronic systems. Incipient fault diagnosis of analog circuits is a recognized challenging research direction due to the difficulty of fault feature extraction and identification. This paper proposes an early fault diagnosis algorithm for analog circuits based on multilayer extreme learning machine (ML ELM).Its basic idea comes from the Auto encoder(AE) and the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) The proposed method which combines the characteristics of both, so it has the ability of feature extraction and fast training speed. In this method, the time domain sampling signal of the circuit can be directly used as the fault sample, and the unsupervised feature extraction is carried out layer by layer through the deep network, the diagnosis results are obtained after the supervised classification by the traditional ELM algorithm. The whole process does not rely on multi step iterative and reverses fine tuning. The experimental results of the Sallen Key band pass filter circuit and Leapfrog low pass filter circuit show that the method has not only high diagnosis accuracy, but also fast diagnosis speed. Because this method gets rid of the tedious manual feature extraction and complex signal processing, it improves the training efficiency and makes the method more universal.
Papillary Type Carcinoma of the Thyroglossal Duct Cyst: The Case for Conservative Management
Venue: The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology
Year: 2018

Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is the most common congenital neck mass, presenting in up to 7% of the population. TGDC carcinoma is much less common, occurring in roughly 1% of patients diagnosed with TGDC. The vast majority of these tumors are papillary type thyroid cancer. Given its rarity, there is wide variation in management recommendations for this disease. Extent of surgical management and need for adjuvant therapy including radioactive iodine ablation (RAI) are particularly debated, with some authors arguing aggressive therapy including RAI for any patients who undergo concurrent thyroidectomy with the Sistrunk procedure for TGDC carcinoma. We present a series of patients treated for TGDC carcinoma at our institutions and discuss our management algorithm.  This is a retrospective chart review of patients with TGDC treated at 2 separate institutions. Factors reviewed included patient age, sex, preoperative diagnosis, preoperative work up, extent of therapy, and use of adjuvant therapy.  Six patients who were treated for TGDC carcinoma at our institutions were identified. One patient was excluded because the patient had been treated at an outside facility prior to referral. All patients had papillary type thyroid cancer. One patient underwent the Sistrunk procedure alone, and the remaining 4 underwent the Sistrunk procedure plus total thyroidectomy. Two of 4 patients were noted to have malignancy in the thyroid. Two of 4 patients who underwent thyroidectomy additionally received adjuvant RAI.  Thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma is uncommon and management is controversial. In low risk patients (single tumor focus, negative margins, normal preoperative neck/thyroid imaging, no extension of TGDC carcinoma beyond the cyst wall) the Sistrunk procedure alone with observation of the thyroid may be sufficient. In this patient population, RAI is unlikely to be of any substantial benefit.
A smartphone based quantitative point of care testing (POCT) system for simultaneous detection of multiple heavy metal ions
Year: 2020

It is of great significance to develop versatile and cost effective point of care testing (POCT) systems for simultaneous quantitation of multiple analytes on site. This work reports on: 1) the customized electrodes which exhibit good analytical performance for simultaneous detection of Cd2+ Cu2+ Hg2+ Pb2+ with low detection limits (Cd2+ 0.296 mM; Cu2+ 0.055 mM; Hg2+ 0.351 mM; and Pb2+ 0.025 mM) and wide dynamic ranges (Cd2+ 0.50 12.5 mM; Cu2+ 0.10 9.50 mM; Hg2+ 0.50 12.5 mM; and Pb2+ 0.10 12.5 mM) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) measurements. 2) a hand held electrochemical analyzer which can realize two way communication with a smartphone and implement DPV measurements; its cost, weight and power consumption are $10.0, ~30 g and 253 mW, respectively; 3) a self developed APP DHMI which can control the analyzer, receive data from the analyzer, and plot the voltammograms on smartphone's screen in real time. This quantitative POCT system has been successfully demonstrated for simultaneous quantitation of Cd2+ Cu2+ Hg2+ Pb2+ in tap water, mineral water and Pearl River water, and the quantitation results correlated well with ICP MS measurements. The features of cost effectiveness, ease to use and reliability make this quantitative POCT system useful for on site monitoring of multiple heavy metal ions, especially in resource constrained environments.