nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Case Series of Arterial Gas Embolism Incidents in U.S. Navy Pressurized Submarine Escape Training From 2018 to 2019.
Venue: Military medicine
Year: 2020

The goal of Pressurized Submarine Escape Training (PSET) is to prepare future submariners for the physical and mental challenges of escaping a disabled submarine and promote proper handling of the Beaufort Ltd Mk 11 Submarine Escape and Immersion Equipment suit. Training participants are only permitted to enter PSET after strict health screening protocols have been met to optimize trainees' safety. Before PSET, trainees are given detailed, one on one instruction on proper ascent mechanics by specially trained Navy Dive instructors. Since the reinstatement of PSET by the U.S. Navy, four incidents of arterial gas embolism (AGE) have occurred in submarine trainees with a 10 year period (2009 2019) Of these four incidents, three were observed within a couple months of each other from 2018 to 2019. A comprehensive review of AGE history, epidemiology, dive physiology, pathophysiology, and management was completed. Prompted by the recent incidents relative to the low reported incidence rate of AGE in historical PSET training, reported potential risk factors were compared with better understand potential etiologies of AGE in already medically screened individuals. Risks and benefits of PSET were listed, compared, and analyzed. The relative safety and cost effectiveness of this rigorous form of training was reconfirmed.
A Novel Convolutional Neural Network Based Indoor Localization Framework With WiFi Fingerprinting
Venue: IEEE Access
Year: 2019

With the ubiquitous deployment of wireless systems and pervasive availability of smart devices, indoor localization is empowering numerous location based services. With the established radio maps, WiFi fingerprinting has become one of the most practical approaches to localize mobile users. However, most fingerprint based localization algorithms are computation intensive, with heavy dependence on both offline training phase and online localization phase. In this paper, we propose CNNLoc, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based indoor localization system with WiFi fingerprints for multi building and multi floor localization. Specifically, we devise a novel classification model and a novel positioning model by combining a Stacked Auto Encoder (SAE) with a one dimensional CNN. The SAE is utilized to precisely extract key features from sparse Received Signal Strength (RSS) data while the CNN is trained to effectively achieve high accuracy in the positioning phase. We evaluate the proposed system on the UJIIndoorLoc dataset and Tampere dataset and compare the performance with several state of the art methods. Moreover, we further propose a newly collected WiFi fingerprinting dataset UTSIndoorLoc and test the positioning model of CNNLoc on it. The results show CNNLoc outperforms the existing solutions with 100% and 95% success rates on building level localization and floor level localization, respectively.
Formability of Al killed AISI 1040 Medium Carbon Steel for Cylindrical Cup Formation
Year: 2016

In industries, low carbon steels are extensively used in cup drawing, because of their high inherent ductility. Because of low carbon content, these steels cannot receive heat treatment, resulting low strength, constricting their range of applications and demanding for a tryout of medium and high carbon steels as alternative high strength ) Medium carbon steels, carbon content 0.30 to 0.60% are mostly used in general engineering applications. Heat treatability makes these steels applicable with moderate strength and toughness. Inherent low formability is the main limitation of these steels. In these steels pearlite lamellar morphology imparts undesirable mechanical properties, whereas globular cementites in ferrite matrix improves cold workability.2) Sheet metal works are dependent on their basic formability characteristics. Formability depends on strength and ductility.3) Strength decides the size of the machinery, while ductility determines the deformation ability of the material used. For a defect free product, it needs to maximize Formability of Al killed AISI 1040 Medium Carbon Steel for Cylindrical Cup Formation
New versus old guidelines for sarcopenia classification: What is the impact on prevalence and health outcomes?
Venue: Age and ageing
Year: 2019

recently, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) established a new operational definition and cut off points for sarcopenia. The aim of this study was, therefore, to compare the prevalence of sarcopenia and its associations with different health outcomes using the old (EWGSOP1) and new (EWGSOP2) definitions of sarcopenia in the UK Biobank cohort. METHODS sarcopenia was defined as low grip strength plus low muscle mass. Using both EWGSOP cut off points, we created specific sarcopenia variables. Prevalence of sarcopenia derived using both EWGSOP definitions was calculated and compared as well as prospective health outcomes including all cause mortality as well as incidence and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) respiratory disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) RESULTS the prevalence of sarcopenia based on the EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 classifications were 8.14 and 0.36% respectively. Sarcopenia defined by EWGSOP1 was associated with a higher risk of respiratory disease and COPD as well as mortality from all cause, CVD and respiratory diseases. However, only respiratory incidence remained associated with sarcopenia when EWGSOP2 was used (HR: 1.32 [95% CI: 1.05 1.66] Moreover, although individuals classified as sarcopenic using both classifications had the highest risk of all cause mortality and respiratory disease, those with sarcopenia based on EWGSOP1 only experienced a more extensive range of poorer health outcomes. CONCLUSION in comparison with EWGSOP1, the new classification (EWGSOP2) produced a lower estimate of sarcopenia prevalence and fewer associations with adverse health outcomes. Although these associations were higher, many become non significant.
Suppression of Ctpa in Mouseearcress Produces a Phytotoxic Effect: Validation of Ctpa as a Target for Herbicide Development
Venue: Weed Science
Year: 2007

To validate carboxyterminal processing protease of D1 protein (CtpA) as a target for herbicide discovery, CtpA sense mRNAs were overexpressed to suppress the internal level of CtpA protein in mouseearcress plants. Using antibodies raised against recombinant CtpA protein, we demonstrated that we have generated transgenic mouseearcress plants with reduced levels of CtpA protein and plants with elevated levels of CtpA protein. Transgenic plants with severely reduced levels of CtpA protein exhibited a bleached and chlorotic phenotype and stunted growth. The mutant phenotypes were enhanced by bright illumination. However, plants with a slight reduction of CtpA protein did not exhibit the mutant phenotype and could not be distinguished from wild type plants under normal growth conditions. Several CtpA enzyme inhibitors were shown to have herbicidal activity in planta. Interestingly, plants producing excessive amount of CtpA protein were shown to be resistant to these inhibitors. Our results suggest that CtpA is essential for plant growth and development, but a reduced amount of CtpA is sufficient to carry out its essential function. CtpA may be a good target for herbicide development, but very high levels of inhibition may be required to produce a herbicidal effect. In addition, overexpressing CtpA in target plants might provide a mechanism for producing plants resistant to the herbicide. Nomenclature: CtpA, Carboxyterminal processing protease of D1 protein (also referred to as D1 protease) mouseearcress, Arabidopsis thaliana (L. Heynh
A Multi View Approach to Audio Visual Speaker Verification
Venue: ICASSP 2021 2021 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)
Year: 2021

Although speaker verification has conventionally been an audio only task, some practical applications provide both audio and visual streams of input. In these cases, the visual stream provides complementary information and can often be leveraged in conjunction with the acoustics of speech to improve verification performance. In this study, we explore audio visual approaches to speaker verification, starting with standard fusion techniques to learn joint audio visual (AV) embeddings, and then propose a novel approach to handle cross modal verification at test time. Specifically, we investigate unimodal and concatenation based AV fusion and report the lowest AV equal error rate (EER) of 0.7% on the VoxCeleb1 dataset using our best system. As these methods lack the ability to do cross modal verification, we introduce a multi view model which uses a shared classifier to map audio and video into the same space. This new approach achieves 28% EER on VoxCeleb1 in the challenging testing condition of cross modal verification.
Knowledge Graph Based Image Classification Refinement
Venue: IEEE Access
Year: 2019

Biologically inspired ideas are important in image processing. Not only does more than 80% of the information received by humans comes from the visual system, but the human visual system also gives its fast, accurate, and efficient image processing capability. In the current image classification task, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) focus on processing pixels and often ignore the semantic relationships and human brain mechanisms. With the development of image analysis and processing techniques, the information in the image is becoming increasingly complicated. Humans can learn about the characteristics of objects and the relationships that occur between them to classify the images. It is a significant characteristic that sets humans apart from the modern learning based computer vision algorithms.
Geodynamic Setting and Cu Ni Potential of Late Permian Xiwanggou Mafic Ultramafic Rocks, East Kunlun Orogenic Belt, NW China
Venue: Frontiers in Earth Science
Year: 2021

Several magmatic Cu Ni sulfide deposits have recently been explored along the deep Middle Kunlun fault related to the extension of the East Kunlun orogenic belt in Qinghai Province, NW China. The Xiwanggou mafic ultramafic rocks associated with Cu Ni sulfide mineralization are first to be dated as late Permian compared to most of the deposits formed during late Silurian early Devonian in this region. The Xiwanggou complexes located in the junction area between the East Kunlun and West Qinling belts, are composed of gabbros, olivine gabbros, pyroxenites, olivine pyroxenites, and peridotites. The Cu Ni mineralization are mainly hosted in the olivine pyroxenites and pyroxenites, whereas the sulfide poor mineralization distributed in gabbros and olivine gabbros. Zircon LA ICP MS U Pb dating of the gabbro and olivine pyroxenite revealed their crystallized ages of 250.8 0.8 Ma and 257.3 0.7 Ma, respectively. The trace element characteristics of the Xiwanggou fertile mafic ultramafic rocks shows the enrichments in Sr, Rb, Th, Ba and light rare earth elements, and depletions in Nb and Ta, which are associated with the slab derived fluid input and dehydration melting of amphiboles. Meanwhile, Sr Nd and Hf isotopic compositions of the gabbro [eNd(t) 0.66 1.18; eHf(t) 5.2 12] and olivine pyroxenite [eNd(t) 1.09 0.43; eHf(t) 5.4 17.7] show that the magma was mainly derived from the metasomatized portions of subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) source in the mantle wedge. The magma primarily experienced dehydration melting processes of amphiboles and subsequently underwent hydrated melting in the overlying mantle wedge and relatively reduced background. The cool subduction process of the Anemaqen oceanic lithosphere maybe trigger large melting in the mantle wedge resulting in a relative low Ni content in the melt. The transpressional windows formed by the right lateral strike slip shearing action of the Wenquan and South Kunlun faults in the South Kunlun forearc belt created a significant conduit for the magma ascending. The thermometer of Fe and Ni exchange between coexisting olivine and sulfide melt indicates the magma were yielded in a temperature range of ca. 1200 1300degC and an oxygen fugacity range of ca. 10.57 to 8.98 (log unit) which suggested that the parental magma of the Xiwanggou complex derived from a relatively reduced source favoring Ni relative to Fe in the melt. The intermediate sulfide segregation from the melt resulted in a medium tenor potential for the Xiwanggou complex.
Health Message Framing Effects on Attitudes, Intentions, and Behavior: A Meta analytic Review
Venue: Annals of behavioral medicine a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine
Year: 2012

BackgroundMessage framing has been an important focus in health communication research, yet prior meta analyses found limited support for using framing to increase persuasiveness of health messages.PurposeThis meta analysis distinguished the outcomes used to assess the persuasive impact of framed messages (attitudes, intentions, or behavior).MethodsOne hundred eighty nine effect sizes were identified from 94 peer reviewed, published studies which compared the persuasive impact of gain and loss framed messages.ResultsGain framed messages were more likely than loss framed messages to encourage prevention behaviors (r 0.083, p 0.002) particularly for skin cancer prevention, smoking cessation, and physical activity. No effect of framing was found when persuasion was assessed by attitudes/intentions or among studies encouraging detection.ConclusionsGain framed messages appear to be more effective than loss framed messages in promoting prevention behaviors. Research should examine the contexts in which loss framed messages are most effective, and the processes that mediate the effects of framing on behavior.
Optimization of sand casting performance parameters and missing data prediction
Venue: Royal Society Open Science
Year: 2019

Due to a wide range of applications, sand casting occupies an important position in modern casting practice. The main purpose of this study was to optimize the performance parameters of sand casting based on grey relational analysis and predict the missing data using back propagation (BP) neural network. First, the influence of human factors was eliminated by adopting the objective entropy weight method, which also saved manpower. The larger variation degree in the evaluation indicators, indicating that the evaluated projects had good discrimination in this regard, the larger weight should be given to these evaluation indicators. Second, the performance parameters of sand casting were optimized based on grey relational analysis, providing a reference for sand milling. The larger the grey relational degree, the closer the evaluated project was to the ideal project. Third, this paper provided a new method for determining the number of hidden neurons in a network according to the mean square error of training samples, and venting quality was predicted based on BP neural network. The relevant theory was deduced before predicting missing data, such that there will be a general understanding regarding the prediction principle of BP neural network. Fourth, to demonstrate the validity of BP neural network adopted in the process of missing data prediction, grey system theory was applied to compare the result of missing data prediction.
Primary school English language education in Asia from policy to practice
Year: 2012

1. Primary English Education in China: Review and Reflection Xin Wu 2. Issues in the Transition of English Education from Elementary Schools to Secondary Schools Kensaku Yoshida 3. Language Teaching Methods in Singapore Primary Schools: An Historical Overview Phyllis Chew 4. Primary School English Education in Korea: From Policy to Practice Hoo Dong Kang 5. Young Learner English Language Policy and Implementation: A View from India Rama Mathew 6. Teacher Preparation for Primary School English Education: A Case of Vietnam Le Van Canh and Do Thi Mai Chi 7. Planning and Implementation of Elementary School English Education in Taiwan Chinfen Chen
Impact of CdTe thin film thickness in ZnxCd1 xS/CdTe solar cell by RF sputtering
Venue: Solar Energy
Year: 2019

This paper presents the impact of thickness of RF sputtered CdTe thin film as an absorber layer through structural and optical characterization in ZnxCd1 xS/CdTe solar cells at lower concentration of zinc (Zn) The crystallographic, morphological and optical properties of CdTe thin film fabricated on top of bare soda lime glass were elucidated by X ray diffraction (XRD) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) atomic force microscopy (AFM) and ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer. XRD spectra shows that crystallinity increases in thicker samples and the CdTe (1 1 1) diffraction peak intensity centered at 23.825deg increases with the increase of film thickness confirming the zinc blend structure of CdTe thin film. The window layer ZnxCd1 xS was fabricated with optimum deposition conditions by co sputtering of ZnS and CdS. The complete cell was fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering with the cell configuration of glass/FTO/ZnxCd1 xS/ZnTe/Ag. With the increasing thicknesses of CdTe the cell efficiency increases with the highest efficiency of 8.79% for 3.5 mm of CdTe. This paves the way of novel window of ZnCdTe for smoothening the junction mismatches in hetero junction CdTe thin film solar cells.
Improving educational web search for question like queries through subject classification
Venue: Inf. Process. Manag.
Year: 2019

Students use general web search engines as their primary source of research while trying to find answers to school related questions. Although search engines are highly relevant for the general population, they may return results that are out of educational context. Another rising trend; social community question answering websites are the second choice for students who try to get answers from other peers online. We attempt discovering possible improvements in educational search by leveraging both of these information sources. For this purpose, we first implement a classifier for educational questions. This classifier is built by an ensemble method that employs several regular learning algorithms and retrieval based approaches that utilize external resources. We also build a query expander to facilitate classification. We further improve the classification using search engine results and obtain 83.5% accuracy. Although our work is entirely based on the Turkish language, the features could easily be mapped to other languages as well. In order to find out whether search engine ranking can be improved in the education domain using the classification model, we collect and label a set of query results retrieved from a general web search engine. We propose five ad hoc methods to improve search ranking based on the idea that the query document category relation is an indicator of relevance. We evaluate these methods for overall performance, varying query length and based on factoid and non factoid queries. We show that some of the methods significantly improve the rankings in the education domain.
Financial Time Series Forecasting A Deep Learning Approach
Year: 2017

as a follow up to a previous study of ours Financial Time Series Forecasting A Machine Learning Approach. The aforementioned study evaluates traditional machine learning techniques for the task of financial time series forecasting. In this paper, we attempt to make use of the same base dataset, with the difference of making use of a novel branch of machine learning techniques known as Deep Learning. These techniques have been introduced with the objective of moving Machine Learning closer to one of its original goals: Artificial Intelligence. These deep architectures are known to excel in tasks such as image and text recognition, but have not been exploited as much in the field of finance. In particular, for this study we will be making use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to forecast the next period price direction with respect to the current price. We achieve an accuracy of 65% when forecasting the next month price direction and 60% for the next week price direction forecast. Whilst these results are anything but random, we are not able to match or surpass results obtained by industry leading techniques such as Logistic Regression and Support Vector Machines.
Sexual orientation and homeownership in Canada
Year: 2020

The homeownership disparities associated with sexual orientation have rarely been investigated. Using the Canadian censuses of 2001, 2006, 2016, and the National Household Survey of 2011, this paper examines how sexual orientation associates with the patterns of homeownership. Given the 2005 legal recognition of same sex marriage in Canada, the data allow for comparing sexual minorities with heterosexuals of the same marital status. The analysis shows that prior to the legal recognition of same sex marriage, same sex households' homeownership rates were between the rates for married and common law heterosexuals. Post legal recognition, rather similar homeownership rates are found for common law same sex and common law different sex couples. But, married same sex households, regardless of sex composition, are found largely less likely to own their residence than married heterosexuals. Non negligible differences are also found regarding home values and the presence of mortgage. Various explanations are explored.
A concept analysis of children with complex health conditions: implications for research and practice
Venue: BMC Pediatrics
Year: 2020

This concept analysis aimed to clarify the meaning of "children with complex health conditions" and endorse a definition to inform future research, policy, and practice.  Using Walker and Avant's (2011)'s approach, we refined the search strategy with input from our team, including family representatives. We reviewed the published and grey literature. We also interviewed 84 health, social, and educational stakeholders involved in the care of children with complex health conditions about their use/understanding of the concept.  We provided model, borderline, related, and contrary cases for clarification purposes. We identified defining attributes that nuance the concept: (1) conditions and needs' breadth; (2) uniqueness of each child/condition; (3) varying extent of severity over time; 4) developmental age; and (5) uniqueness of each family/context. Antecedents were chronic physical, mental, developmental, and/or behavioural condition(s) There were individual, family, and system consequences, including fragmented services.  Building on previous definitions, we proposed an iteration that acknowledges the conditions' changing trajectories as involving one or more chronic condition(s) regardless of type(s) whose trajectories can change over time, requiring services across sectors/settings, oftentimes resulting in a lower quality of life. A strength of this paper is the integration of the stakeholders'/family's voices into the development of the definition.