nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
HRS expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and management of arrhythmias associated with cardiac sarcoidosis.
Venue: Heart rhythm
Year: 2014

David H. Birnie, MD (Chair) William H. Sauer, MD, FHRS, CCDS (Chair) Frank Bogun, MD, Joshua M. Cooper, MD, FHRS, Daniel A. Culver, DO, Claire S. Duvernoy, MD, Marc A. Judson, MD, Jordana Kron, MD, Davendra Mehta, MD, PhD, FHRS, Jens Cosedis Nielsen, MD, Amit R. Patel, MD, Tohru Ohe, MD, FHRS, Pekka Raatikainen, MD, Kyoko Soejima, MD From the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, Sakakibara Heart Institute of Okayama, Okayama, Japan, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland, and Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka City, Japan.
What is the impact of bad governance practices in a concentrated ownership environment?
Year: 2010

This article investigates the impact on share prices when news released on the specialized media indicates that the interests of controlling and minority shareholders groups diverge. Methodologically, we analyze 24 announcements of conflicts between shareholder groups in Brazil using two event study methodologies. We find strong support for our hypothesis that such news constitutes a proxy for relevant agency costs taking place, leading to a higher perception of risk and reduced share price. To our knowledge, this is the first article to estimate the impact of specific agency costs between controlling and minority shareholders in an environment characterized by concentrated ownership structures. The article is relevant for all capital markets' investors, as well as for analysts and other capital markets' agents. For policy makers and practitioners, our results provide evidence on the potential corporate value loss owing to conflicts between shareholders groups. As a result, they reinforce the argument for the adoption of good corporate governance practices, in order to avoid corporate value destruction resulting from problems between different shareholding groups. The main author is a professor at the School of Economics, Management and Accounting of University of Sao Paulo (FEA/USP) in Corporate Governance courses at both graduate and undergraduate level. In addition, he is Executive Coordinator of the Center for Corporate Governance Research of Fipecafi (CEG www.ceg.org.br) Vice President of the Brazilian Society of Finance (www.sbfin.org.br) and Senior Researcher of the Brazilian Institute of Corporate Governance (IBGC www.ibgc.org.br) He is author of several books and articles on corporate governance, and writes a monthly column on corporate governance issues for Capital Aberto magazine, one of the most prominent capital markets' magazines in Brazil, making him well known among the corporate governance community in Brazil and Latin America. All persons involved with capital markets, media and policy makers should take note of these results, as most have corporate environments characterized by controlling shareholders, and their relationship with minority shareholders can be a potential source of relevant value destruction.
Probabilistic relevance ranking for collaborative filtering
Venue: Information Retrieval
Year: 2008

Collaborative filtering is concerned with making recommendations about items to users. Most formulations of the problem are specifically designed for predicting user ratings, assuming past data of explicit user ratings is available. However, in practice we may only have implicit evidence of user preference; and furthermore, a better view of the task is of generating a top N list of items that the user is most likely to like. In this regard, we argue that collaborative filtering can be directly cast as a relevance ranking problem. We begin with the classic Probability Ranking Principle of information retrieval, proposing a probabilistic item ranking framework. In the framework, we derive two different ranking models, showing that despite their common origin, different factorizations reflect two distinctive ways to approach item ranking. For the model estimations, we limit our discussions to implicit user preference data, and adopt an approximation method introduced in the classic text retrieval model (i.e. the Okapi BM25 formula) to effectively decouple frequency counts and presence/absence counts in the preference data. Furthermore, we extend the basic formula by proposing the Bayesian inference to estimate the probability of relevance (and non relevance) which largely alleviates the data sparsity problem. Apart from a theoretical contribution, our experiments on real data sets demonstrate that the proposed methods perform significantly better than other strong baselines.
Health benefits of plant derived a linolenic acid.
Venue: The American journal of clinical nutrition
Year: 2014

a Linolenic acid (ALA) is an n 3 (o 3) fatty acid found mostly in plant foods such as flaxseed, walnuts, and vegetable oils, including canola and soybean oils. Most of the health benefits observed for n 3 fatty acids have been attributed to the marine derived long chain n 3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid, because of the strength of evidence from both epidemiologic studies and randomized controlled trials. Furthermore, the observed cardioprotective and other health effects of ALA have been credited to its precursor role in converting to EPA in the body. The promotion of fatty fish consumption for its documented health benefits may not be practical for those who are concerned with the unsustainability of marine sources or who avoid eating fish for a variety of reasons. ALA rich plant sources are more abundant and may serve as a suitable alternate. It is therefore worthwhile to consider the evidence for the health benefits of ALA. The purpose of this review is to present the evidence from recent studies on the association between ALA and cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and fracture risk. The potential mechanisms that explain these associations will also be briefly discussed.
Improvement of recovery parameters using patient controlled epidural analgesia after oncological surgery. A prospective, randomized single center study.
Venue: Romanian journal of anaesthesia and intensive care
Year: 2017

The aim of this study was to compare patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) versus conventional opioid intravenous (IV) infusion after gastrointestinal cancer surgery regarding several post surgery parameters of recovery.  One hundred and one patients were prospectively randomized to receive either thoracic/lumbar PCEA (PCEA group) or the standard analgesia technique used in our hospital, conventional IV infusion of morphine (IVMO group) after gastrointestinal cancer surgery. Pain intensity, time of mobilization and bowel function recovery were analyzed post surgery. We also evaluated postoperative complications and length of Postoperative Intermediate Intensive Care Unit (PI ICU) stay and hospital stay.  Pain intensity was significantly less in the PCEA group in comparison with the IVMO Group at awakening 2, 8, 24, 30 and 48 hours after surgery (p <0.001, p <0.001, p <0.001, p 0.043, p 0.036, and p 0.029, respectively) The latency to bedside mobilization, walking, first postoperative flatus and apparition of first stool were significantly faster (1.74 versus 2.26 days, 3.06 versus 3.78 days, 2.1 versus 3.14 days and 3.73 versus 5.28 days, respectively) in the PCEA group than in the IVMO group (p <0.001, p <0.001, p <0.001, and p <0.001, respectively) The incidence of nausea/vomiting was significantly lower in the PCEA group in comparison with the IVMO group (p 0.001) Surgical associated complications were significantly lower in the IVMO Group than in the PCEA group (p 0.023) Length of PI ICU stay was similar in the two groups but length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in PCEA group (4 versus 5 days p 0.2849, 9 versus 12 days; p <0.001) CONCLUSIONS PCEA provides better postoperative pain control, improves postoperative recovery after gastrointestinal cancer surgery compared with conventional intravenous morphine infusion. Therefore, it is more acceptable than conventional pain management.
Aviation and Telecommunications in the Digital World
Year: 2020

Telecommunications is an area which would impact aviation in light of digital advances taking place. Annex 10 (Aeronautical Telecommunications) to the Chicago Convention is directly in point and ICAO's relations with the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) The ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) in Annex 10 are developed in accordance with Article 37 of the Chicago Convention for the purpose of ensuring the safety and regularity of air navigation. In addition to the ITU Radio Regulations, the SARPs specify interface and performance standards for internationally agreed aeronautical systems which have been developed by aviation to meet the specific operational requirements of aeronautical services. ICAO is recognized internationally as the competent international body to carry out this work and to coordinate a worldwide policy for the operational use of the specified systems. Furthermore, the ICAO Annexes contain procedures for regular and emergency communications that are specifically developed for aviation purposes, taking account of the operational conditions. These procedures supplement the basic requirements for procedures in aeronautical communications of the Radio Regulations. ITU Radio Regulations and ICAO SARPs together thus form a complementary set of regulatory provisions without any overlap. The ITU Radio Regulations must evolve within the general telecommunications environment, with its many and diverse users of the radio frequency spectrum, while the ICAO SARPs respond to the operational safety aspects of air navigation and are developed and agreed by aviation within the ICAO organizational framework.
Industrial Network Security: Securing Critical Infrastructure Networks for Smart Grid, SCADA, and Other Industrial Control Systems
Year: 2011

For a decade now we have been hearing the same thing that our critical infrastructure is vulnerable and it needs to be secured. Industrial Network Security examines the unique protocols and applications that are the foundation of industrial control systems and provides you with comprehensive guidelines for their protection. While covering compliance guidelines, attacks and vectors, and even evolving security tools, this book gives you a clear understanding of SCADA and Control System protocols and how they operate. Covers implementation guidelines for security measures of critical infrastructure Applies the security measures for system specific compliance Discusses common pitfalls and mistakes and how to avoid them Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: About Industrial Networks Chapter 3: Introduction to Industrial Network Security Chapter 4: Industrial Network Protocols Chapter 5: How Industrial Networks Operate Chapter 6: Vulnerability and Risk Assessment Chapter 7: Establishing Secure Enclaves Chapter 8: Exception, Anomaly and Threat Detection Chapter 9: Monitoring Enclaves Chapter 10: Standards and Regulations Chapter 11: Common Pitfalls and Mistakes  NIST Security Guidelines Glossary
Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 mediates stem cell like properties in human colorectal cancer cells by regulating miR 20b 5p/Oct4 axis
Venue: Journal of cellular physiology
Year: 2019

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are crucial components of the tumor microenvironment that take part in tumor initiation, progression, recurrence, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. This study explores the mechanisms through which CSCs maintain their stemness, especially in tumors of colorectal cancer (CRC) which thus far remain uncertain. Our findings indicated that the expression of miR 20b 5p is negatively correlated with that of metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1, r 0.928, p 0.023) and Oct4 (r 0.894, p 0.041) in CRC cells. We hypothesized that there may be some targeted regulatory relationships among MALAT1, miR 20b 5p, and Oct4. We proceeded to show that both si MALAT1 and miR 20b 5p mimic attenuated microsphere formation and self renewal capacity, decreased the proportion of CSCs, and downregulated the expression of proteins associated with tumor cell stemness maintenance (Oct4, Nanog, sex determining region Y box 2, and Notch1) and cellular metabolism (glucose transporter 1, lactate dehydrogenase B, hexokinase 2, and pyruvate kinase isozyme M2) in HCT 116 cells in vitro. In addition, a xenograft model based on Balb/c mice demonstrated that the administration of either si MALAT1 or miR 20b 5p mimic suppressed the tumorigenicity of HCT 116 cells in vivo. The underlying mechanisms may involve the targeting of the tumor cell stemness maintenance related factor Oct4 by miR 20b 5p. For the first time, we present the possible underlying effects of MALAT1 in influencing the stem cell like properties of CRC cells. We propose that microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs have vital functions in mediating tumor stemness, which remain to be fully elucidated.
Effect of lingual based flap design on postoperative pain of impacted mandibular third molar surgery: Split mouth randomized clinical trial
Venue: Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal
Year: 2020

The extraction of third molars is one of the most common procedures in oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic. Surgical extraction involves the manipulation of both soft and hard tissues, so the patient usually experiences pain, swelling, and trismus in the immediate post operative period. Several studies have been conducted using different types of surgical flaps to provide access with the least possible damage of soft tissues. Designing and implementing an optimum flap, which provides easier technique, better visibility, minimal post operative complications, and best healing, is an aspired goal of every oral surgeon. This study aimed to compare lingual based four cornered flap with conventional triangular flap, and to evaluate its effect on post operative pain after surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars.  Seventeen patients (age ranged from 19 to 26 years) with bilateral, symmetrical impacted lower third molars (n=34) were included in the study. This was a randomized clinical trial with a split mouth design. The impacted molars were assigned randomly, by coin flipping, to two groups: Case side with lingual based four cornered flap (Group A) and control side with conventional triangular flap (Group B) Away from the incision, the prognosis, surgical intervention, and postoperative procedures were exactly the same for the two groups. Postsurgical pain was assessed for 5 days using visual analogue scale (VAS) and by recording patients need for analgesics on a daily basis. Patients were also evaluated via a self reporting questionnaire, i.e. Postoperative Symptoms Severity (PoSSe) scale, administered on the seventh postoperative day.  Pain scores recorded in Group A were found to be significantly lower as compared to pain scores in Group B in the 5 postoperative days (P<0.05) Total analgesic intake in Group B was significantly higher (P<0.05) PoSSe scores were lower in Group A, however, this difference was insignificant (P>0.05)  According to the data of the current study and within its limits, it appeared that lingual based four cornered flap design was superior to the conventional triangular flap regarding the postsurgical discomfort and pain. Impaction, third molar surgery, flap design, pain, PoSSe scale, split mouth, RCT.
Predictors of Anxiety Among Sexual Minority Individuals in the Southern US
Venue: The American journal of orthopsychiatry
Year: 2018

Sexual minority individuals experience a disproportionate burden of mental health issues, particularly in less populous cities of the southern United States. Unique identity related stressors may explain these disparities. The current study examines relationships between sexual minority stress, identity, and anxiety in sexual minority individuals from a small metropolitan area of the South. Sexual minority individuals (N 249) from the Central Savannah River Area completed a survey assessing minority stress (i.e. identity based discrimination, internalized homophobia) identity (i.e. outness comfort, community connectedness) and history of anxiety as part of a larger lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, queer community health needs assessment. All minority stress variables were significantly, positively associated with an anxiety history whereas community connectedness was significantly, negatively associated with anxiety history at the bivariate level. A multiple logistic regression model revealed that assault history was significantly associated with increased odds of anxiety history, whereas community connectedness was associated with decreased odds of anxiety history. These results demonstrate an influence of discriminatory experiences on anxiety in sexual minority individuals of the South and the protective value of community connectedness. Providers and advocates should work at the individual, community, and systemic levels to eliminate lesbian, gay, bisexual discrimination and facilitate community involvement, thereby reducing mental health disparities.
RAD seq reveals genetic structure of the F2 generation of natural willow hybrids (Salix L. and a great potential for interspecific introgression
Venue: BMC plant biology
Year: 2018

BackgroundHybridization of species with porous genomes can eventually lead to introgression via repeated backcrossing. The potential for introgression between species is reflected by the extent of segregation distortion in later generation hybrids. Here we studied a population of hybrids between Salix purpurea and S. helvetica that has emerged within the last 30 years on a glacier forefield in the European Alps due to secondary contact of the parental species. We used 5758 biallelic SNPs produced by RAD sequencing with the aim to ascertain the predominance of backcrosses (F1 hybrid x parent) or F2 hybrids (F1 hybrid x F1 hybrid) among hybrid offspring. Further, the SNPs were used to study segregation distortion in the second hybrid generation.ResultsThe analyses in structure and NewHybrids revealed that the population consisted of parents and F1 hybrids, whereas hybrid offspring consisted mainly of backcrosses to either parental species, but also some F2 hybrids. Although there was a clear genetic differentiation between S. purpurea and S. helvetica (FST 0.24) there was no significant segregation distortion in the backcrosses or the F2 hybrids. Plant height of the backcrosses resembled the respective parental species, whereas F2 hybrids were more similar to the subalpine S. helvetica.ConclusionsThe co occurrence of the parental species and the hybrids on the glacier forefield, the high frequency of backcrossing, and the low resistance to gene flow via backcrossing make a scenario of introgression in this young hybrid population highly likely, potentially leading to the transfer of adaptive traits. We further suggest that this willow hybrid population may serve as a model for the evolutionary processes initiated by recent global warming.
Heat pipe based systems Advances and applications
Year: 2017

Heat pipes are becoming increasingly popular as passive heat transfer technologies due to their high efficiency. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the state of the art applications, materials and performance of current heat pipe devices. The paper is divided into four main parts; low temperature heat pipes, high temperature heat pipes, thermal modelling of heat pipes and discussion. The low and high temperature sections present an extended list with suitable working fluids and operating temperatures, along with their compatibility with casing materials. Furthermore, the sections focus on some of the most widespread industrial applications, such as solar, nanoparticles, Rankine cycles, nuclear, thermoelectric modules and ceramics, in which heat pipe technologies offer many key advantages over conventional practises. The third part of the paper consists of a thorough analysis of the thermal modelling side of heat pipes. Internal and external thermal modelling techniques, theories and methodologies are presented in this section, for various applications such as non Newtonian fluids, nano fluids, solar, geothermal, automotive, hybrid storage and nuclear systems. The final part of the paper discusses the limitations of heat pipes and the reasons why they are not implemented in more aspects of our lives. Operational limitations, cost concerns and the lack of detailed theoretical and simulation analysis of heat pipes are some of the point covered in this section. Finally, some of the recent and future developments in the field are discussed.
Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Guideline of the German Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (S2k Level, AWMF Registry No. 015/080, October 2016)
Venue: Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
Year: 2017

The aim of this official guideline published and coordinated by the German Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (DGGG) was to provide consensus based recommendations obtained by evaluating the relevant literature for the diagnostic treatment and management of women with fetal growth restriction.  This S2k guideline represents the structured consensus of a representative panel of experts with a range of different professional backgrounds commissioned by the Guideline Committee of the DGGG. Recommendations Recommendations for diagnostic treatment, management, counselling, prophylaxis and screening are presented.
Acid rain in China.
Venue: Environmental science technology
Year: 2006

Rapid industrialization has put citizens and ecosystems at risk. Acid rain emerged as an important environmental problem in China in the late 1970s. Many years of record economic growth has been accompanied by increased energy demand, greater coal combustion, and larger emission of pollutants. As a result of significant emissions and subsequent deposition of sulfur, widepsread acid rain is observed in southern and southwestern China. In fact, the deposition of sulfur is in some places higher than what was reported from the back triangle in central Europe in the early 1980s. In addition, nitrogen is emitted from agriculture, power production, and a rapidly increasing number of cars. As a result, considerable deposition of pollutants occurs in forested areas previously thought to be pristine. Little is known about the effects of acid deposition on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in China. In this article, we present the current situation and what to expect in the future, largely on the basis of results from a five year Chinese Norwegian cooperative project. In the years ahead, new environmental challenges must be expected if proper countermeasures are not put into place.