nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Book Review
Year: 2018

With the increasing use of public opinion polling to collect information on almost every aspect of modern life, it becomes more and more difficult for people to separate the good polls from the bad ones and to determine whether the outcomes of a poll are valid or not. An easy to follow guidance is much needed. This book "Understanding Public Opinion Polls" by Dr. Jelke Bethlehem is written for professionals who have no prior training in relevant fields but need to judge the outcome of polls such as journalists, politicians, and decision makers among other non experts in polling. The book, in the author's own words, is a "not so technical introduction" to public opinion polling. It can be viewed as providing a checklist to evaluate the quality of different polls or a how to cookbook for conducting polls with appropriate methodologies that result in valid outcomes. The book covers all elements of conducting a poll, including the definition of a target population, the questionnaire design, the mode choice, sample design, weighting, data analysis, and the publication of the results. It is not uncommon for an "all inclusive" book on survey statistics and methodology to be "too heavy" for entry level readers. This book achieves a balance by including examples in each chapter to make it easier for readers to digest the relevant information on statistics and methodology. Chapter 1 of the book provides an overview of the book's content. Chapter 2 gives a brief history of polls starting from their origin in ancient Greece to the development of modern sampling theory, the emergence of public opinion polls, and finally the rise of online polls. The remainder of the chapters can be grouped into three parts. Part One includes Chapter 3 to Chapter 7 and each covers a key component of a poll. Part Two focuses on two specific types of polls that are of the most interest to readers: online polls in Chapter 8 and election polls in Chapter 9. Part Three of the book is about data analysis and publication. The book concludes with Chapter 12 that summarizes all chapters and provides a checklist of poll quality for readers. Part One includes five chapters with each covering a vital component of a poll. Chapter 3 provides an overview of the questionnaire design covering topics such as the types of survey questions, the question order effects, and questionnaire pretesting methods. The author recommends ignoring the poll outcomes if the instrument is poorly designed. Chapter 4 describes four major modes of data collection (i.e. face to face, telephone, mail, and online polls) The author provides pros and cons for each mode in terms of data quality and costs. After reading this chapter, it should become clear to readers that some
The Fekete Szeg{"o} inequality for certain class of analytic functions defined by convolution between generalized Al Oboudi differential operator and Srivastava Attiya integral operator
Year: 2018

The aim of this paper is to investigate the Fekete Szeg{"o} inequality for subclass of analytic functions defined by convolution between generalized Al Oboudi differential operator and Srivastava Attiya integral operator. Further, application to fractional derivatives are also given.
Predicting and Designing Epitope Ensemble Vaccines against HTLV 1
Venue: J. Integr. Bioinform.
Year: 2019

The infection mechanism and pathogenicity of Human T lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV 1) are ambiguously known for hundreds of years. Our knowledge about this virus is recently emerging. The purpose of the study is to design a vaccine targeting the envelope glycoprotein, GP62, an outer membrane protein of HTLV 1 that has an increased number of epitope binding sites. Data collection, clustering and multiple sequence alignment of HTLV 1 glycoprotein B, variability analysis of envelope Glycoprotein GP62 of HTLV 1, population protection coverage, HLA epitope binding prediction, and B cell epitope prediction were performed to predict an effective vaccine. Among all the predicted peptides, ALQTGITLV and VPSSSTPL epitopes interact with three MHC alleles. The summative population protection coverage worldwide by these epitopes as vaccine candidates was found nearly 70% The docking analysis revealed that ALQTGITLV and VPSSSTPL epitopes interact strongly with the epitope binding groove of HLA A*02:03, and HLA B*35:01, respectively, as this HLA molecule was found common with which every predicted epitope interacts. Molecular dynamics simulations of the docked complexes show they form stable complexes. So, these potential epitopes might pave the way for vaccine development against HTLV 1.
What States Can Do to Address Out of Network Air Ambulance Bills
Venue: Journal of Law, Medicine Ethics
Year: 2020

Out of network air ambulance bills are a pernicious and financially devastating type of surprise medical bill. Courts have broadly interpreted the Airline Deregulation Act to preempt most state attempts to regulate air ambulance billing abuses, so a federal solution is ultimately needed. However, in the absence of a federal fix, states have experimented with a variety of approaches that may survive preemption and provide some protections for their citizens
The role of shared neural activations, mirror neurons, and morality in empathy A critical comment
Venue: Neuroscience Research
Year: 2015

In the last decade, the phenomenon of empathy has received widespread attention by the field of social neuroscience. This has provided fresh insights for theoretical models of empathy, and substantially influenced the academic and public conceptions about this complex social skill. The present paper highlights three key issues which are often linked to empathy, but which at the same time might obscure our understanding of it. These issues are: (1) shared neural activations and whether these can be interpreted as evidence for simulation accounts of empathy; (2) the causal link of empathy to our presumed mirror neuron system; and (3) the question whether increasing empathy will result in better moral decisions and behaviors. The aim of our review is to provide the basis for critically evaluating our current understanding of empathy, and its public reception, and to inspire new research directions.
Probing the Efficacy of Relaxation Techniques of Primary Insomnia in a Non Randomized Sample of University Students
Venue: IAFOR Journal of Psychology the Behavioral Sciences
Year: 2019

Insomnia is a common sleep complaint that could affect students' academic activities, and if not mitigated, it may give way to the development of other disorders. This study investigates the efficacy of relaxation techniques on insomnia among university students with mild depression. A non randomized design involving pretest posttest experimental/control group was used. Twenty four students (treatment 12; control 12) with a mean age of 24.6, voluntarily participated in the study. Participants were pretested, and post tested after six weeks of exposure to relaxation technique components, and the data collected was statistically analyzed using JMP 13.2. After adjusting for the covariate, finding suggests a significant effect of relaxation technique F (1, 21) 22.416, p .000, in reducing insomnia among university students. Participants exposed to relaxation technique for insomnia achieved an average of 46% remission compared to 9% for the control group. The study did not find significant differential effect of relaxation technique, F (1, 9) .369, p .559, in reducing insomnia of male compared to female university students. Based on these findings, we conclude that relaxation technique for insomnia is effective in helping students manage their sleep difficulty and this effectiveness is without gender bias.
The Relationship Between Social Support and Subjective Well Being Across Age
Venue: Social indicators research
Year: 2014

The relationships among types of social support and different facets of subjective well being (i.e. life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect) were examined in a sample of 1,111 individuals between the ages of 18 and 95. Using structural equation modeling we found that life satisfaction was predicted by enacted and perceived support, positive affect was predicted by family embeddedness and provided support, and negative affect was predicted by perceived support. When personality variables were included in a subsequent model, the influence of the social support variables were generally reduced. Invariance analyses conducted across age groups indicated that there were no substantial differences in predictors of the different types of subjective well being across age.
Competing in digital ecosystems
Year: 2019

Digital technologies are revolutionizing traditional interdependencies among businesses. As a result, managers have begun to recognize their business environments as digital ecosystems. For firms accustomed to framing their business environments as industries, this represents a significant shift in perspective one that requires an understanding of fresh strategic initiatives necessary to compete in the digital era. In this article, we highlight what is new and different about digital ecosystems for firm strategy. We offer frameworks that explain how digital ecosystems provide firms with new sources of value and new avenues for growth. Two sets of underlying concepts govern these frameworks: (1) production and consumption ecosystems and (2) digital envelopes and product in use information. We introduce and elaborate upon these foundational concepts and highlight new strategic options for firms to compete in digital ecosystems.
Evolution of Phonosurgery with its Inception and Progress in India
Year: 2011

Successful phonosurgical treatment commenced with the injection of substances into the paraglottic space in cases of paralytic dysphonia. Burning introduced injection technique for unilateral vocal fold paralysis in 1911 using intracordal paraffin by means of a novel injecting device that he designed. It was not until the 1950s to 1960s, however, when Arnold championed injection medialization that it become the mainstay of phonosurgical treatment for paralytic dysphonia. Medialization of the vocal fold edge by means of neural reinnervation (phrenic or descending hypoglossal to recurrent laryngeal nerve) was introduced by Balance in 1924 and advanced in recent years by Tucker and Crumley. Although this approach has not become mainstream, it has significant promise for the future.
Temperament in Mothers with Borderline Personality Disorder and in Their Young Children Aged 4 7
Year: 2013

In this study we sampled mothers with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and their young children ages 4 7 (n 36) as well as normative comparisons (n 34) We assessed temperament in both mothers and their children. Mothers reported on their own and on their children's temperament. Controlling for maternal current major depressive disorder and education, mothers with BPD reported more negative affectivity, less effortful control, and less positive affect than did normative comparison mothers. Children whose mothers had BPD had more negative affectivity (fear and frustration) and less effortful control, but not less smiling and laughter. When controlling for maternal lifetime history of major depressive disorder in addition to the aforementioned covariates, group differences in the mother sample did not change. The additional control of a maternal lifetime history of MDD in group differences analyses in the child sample resulted in the children of mothers with BPD having more sadness than the children of normative comparison mothers. However, the children of mothers with BPD no longer had significantly higher inhibitory control than the children of normative comparison mothers. In addition, mothers' temperamental traits were all positively correlated with their children's corresponding ones. Furthermore, each self reported maternal borderline feature (affective instability, identity disturbance, self harm, and negative relationships) significantly positively correlated with mothers' negative affectivity and significantly negatively correlated with mother's effortful control and positive affect. In addition, each maternal borderline feature significantly positively correlated with children's negative affectivity on all scales except discomfort and significantly negatively correlated with children's effortful control. No maternal borderline feature significantly negatively correlated with children's smiling and laughter. Results are discussed as increasing our understanding of the intergenerational transmission of BPD through temperament.
Mesenchymal stromal cell conditioned media for lung disease: a systematic review and meta analysis of preclinical studies
Venue: Respiratory research
Year: 2019

BackgroundInflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many lung diseases. Preclinical studies suggest that mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) conditioned media (CdM) can attenuate inflammation. Our aim was threefold: (1) summarize the existing animal literature evaluating CdM as a therapeutic agent for pediatric/adult lung disease, (2) quantify the effects of CdM on inflammation, and (3) compare inflammatory effects of CdM to MSCs.MethodsAdhering to the Systematic Review Protocol for Animal Intervention Studies, a systematic search of English articles was performed in five databases. Meta analysis and meta regression were performed to generate random effect size using standardized mean difference (SMD).ResultsA total of 10 studies met inclusion. Lung diseases included bronchopulmonary dysplasia, asthma, pulmonary hypertension, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. CdM decreased inflammatory cells (1.02 SMD, 95% CI 0.86, 1.18) and cytokines (0.71 SMD, 95% CI 0.59, 0.84) The strongest effect for inflammatory cells was in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (3.74 SMD, 95% CI 3.13, 4.36) while pulmonary hypertension had the greatest reduction in inflammatory cytokine expression (1.44 SMD, 95% CI 1.18, 1.71) Overall, CdM and MSCs had similar anti inflammatory effects.ConclusionsIn this meta analysis of animal models recapitulating lung disease, CdM improved inflammation and had an effect size comparable to MSCs. While these findings are encouraging, the risk of bias and heterogeneity limited the strength of our findings.
Determinants of Error Reporting, Recovery, and Learning in Canadian Retail Pharmacies A Conceptual Mode
Year: 2009

This research develops a conceptual model of the factors influencing the reporting, service recovery, and organizational learning resulting from medication errors within Canadian retail pharmacies. Based on a review and synthesis of the research literature, it is proposed that individual perceived self efficacy, QRE process capability, QRE process support, organizational culture, management support, and regulatory authority influence, all influence the completeness of QRE reporting, which, in turn, influence QRE service recovery and QRE learning.
Machine Learning Prediction of Mortality and Hospitalization in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.
Venue: JACC. Heart failure
Year: 2019

This study sought to develop models for predicting mortality and heart failure (HF) hospitalization for outpatients with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in the TOPCAT (Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist) trial.  Although risk assessment models are available for patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction, few have assessed the risks of death and hospitalization in patients with HFpEF.  The following 5 methods: logistic regression with a forward selection of variables; logistic regression with a lasso regularization for variable selection; random forest (RF) gradient descent boosting; and support vector machine, were used to train models for assessing risks of mortality and HF hospitalization through 3 years of follow up and were validated using 5 fold cross validation. Model discrimination and calibration were estimated using receiver operating characteristic curves and Brier scores, respectively. The top prediction variables were assessed by using the best performing models, using the incremental improvement of each variable in 5 fold cross validation.  The RF was the best performing model with a mean C statistic of 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.69 to 0.75) for predicting mortality (Brier score: 0.17) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.71 to 0.81) for HF hospitalization (Brier score: 0.19) Blood urea nitrogen levels, body mass index, and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) subscale scores were strongly associated with mortality, whereas hemoglobin level, blood urea nitrogen, time since previous HF hospitalization, and KCCQ scores were the most significant predictors of HF hospitalization.  These models predict the risks of mortality and HF hospitalization in patients with HFpEF and emphasize the importance of health status data in determining prognosis.
The Siberian Curse: A Blessing in Disguise for Renewable Energy?
Year: 2010

This article examines the prospects for the development of renewable energy in Russia, concentrating on remote northern settlements as a possible market niche. The article discusses con ducive factors and obstacles to the development of renewable en ergy in Russia as a whole. It starts by noting many factors conducive to renewable energy in Russia and then goes on to identify some major obstacles that nonetheless make it difficult to develop renew able energy in the country. The author further examines how these obstacles might be overcome and an initial foothold be established by replacing the northern freight system (severnyi zavoz) with locally produced renewable energy.The article draws on 42 interviews with Russian scholars, government officials, and business people related to energy and/or the north, as well as written materials on severnyi zavoz and renewable energy in Russia.
Designing Algorithms to Assess Collision Risk in Coastal Waters
Venue: OCEANS 2019 Marseille
Year: 2019

Current use CPA (Closest Point of Approach) algorithm has three limitations. Firstly, it does not take into account ship's course keeping ability. As small ships are more affected by its speed and sea wave, fluctuation of heading is bigger and frequent, and this phenomenon result in fluctuation of Distance of CPA (DCPA) and Time of CPA(TCPA) value. Secondly, ship's maneuverability upon ship size is not considered in the algorithm. As ship is larger, there are more restrictions on direction and speed control, thus avoiding action is larger and slower. Thirdly, since depth are considered, the algorithm cannot identify risk of stranding result from navigation on shallow water. In order to solve these problems, this study aims to design algorithms using ship information including length and draft of ships and water depth as well as course, speed, and position used in the current CPA algorithm. Ship length from Automatic Identification System (AIS) can represent the ship's size, so it is used to subdivide the CPA algorithm according to ship size. Draft information from AIS and depth information from Electronic Nautical Chart (ENC) are used to calculate the ship's stranding risk. First of all, course correction algorithm takes moving average of the cumulative course value for the reliability of the course of small craft. This information helps to identify the risk of collision with small vessels with fast speed and frequent movement change. Secondly, the range of TCPA and DCPA values are graded and risk levels are assigned accordingly. As small vessel has a greater ability to avoid collision risk, TCPA and DCPA values of small vessels are higher than large vessels in same risk level. The stranding risk is determined by whether Under Keel Clearance (UKC) is secured between the ship's draft and the depth of the water in the direction the ship is proceeding. The algorithm processes a vast information of surrounding marine traffic and environment information within a short time and provide navigators with intuitive collision risk level. Thus it is expected that the algorithm shortens the duration for decision making of navigators for collision avoidance in coastal waters navigation. Korea Institute of Ocean Science Technology (KIOST) has developed Smart Escape Guidance Agent (SEGA) and its subsystem SEGA Ship, and the collision risk algorithm in this study will be utilized to provide an escape navigation route when ships face with an emergency.
The United States and public diplomacy new directions in cultural and international history
Year: 2010

The New International History Meets the New Cultural History: Public Diplomacy and U.S. Foreign Relations PART I:Public Diplomacy as International History Chapter 1: The Anomaly of the Cold War: Cultural Diplomacy and Civil Society Since 1850 Chapter 2: The Problem of Power in Modern Public Diplomacy: The Netherlands Information Bureau and the United States in World War II and the Early Cold War Chapter 3: Ethnicity, Security, and Public Diplomacy: Irish Americans and Ireland's Neutrality in World War II Chapter 4: Hollywood, Tourism, and Dictatorship: Samuel Bronston's Special Relationship with the Franco Regime, 1957 73 Chapter 5: Supranational Public Diplomacy: The Evolution of the UN Department of Public Information and the Rise of Third World Advocacy Chapter 6: Transnational Public Diplomacy: Assessing Salvadoran Revolutionary Efforts to Build U.S. Public Opposition to Reagan's Central American Policy PART II: The United States and Public Diplomacy Chapter 7: Foreign Relations as Domestic Affairs: The Role of the "Public" in Postwar American Public Diplomacy Chapter 8: Crisis Management and Missed Opportunities: U.S. Public Diplomacy and the Creation of the Third World, 1947 50 Chapter 9: Film as Public Diplomacy: The USIA's Cold War at Twenty Four Frames per Second Chapter 10: Mediating Public Diplomacy: Local Conditions and U.S. Public Diplomacy in Norway in the 1950s Chapter 11: Domestic Politics and Public Diplomacy: Appalachian Cultural Exhibits and the Changing Nature of U.S. Public Diplomacy, 1964 72  Networks of Influence: U.S. Exchange Programs and Western Europe in the 1980s Giles Scott Smith
Perspectives and directions of the development of new generation lead free soldering alloys and their application possibilities in the consumer electronics lead free soldering technology
Year: 2016

The new technological challenges and the high economical and commercial potential connected with the development of new generation soldering alloys used in the consumer electronics lead free soldering technology is a subject which is gaining increasing interest both on the side of the electronics industry and the academic community. This study constitutes a review and analysis of the literature in the scope of investigations of new generation advanced lead free soldering alloys which could potentially replace the currently applied, expensive, lead free solders based on the Sn Ag Cu (SAC) system. On the basis of the literature analysis, the authors determined and characterized the main system groups which are within the focus of interest as new potential replacements for the SAC type lead free solders. The study constitutes a compilation of the current knowledge of the broad spectrum of properties of the presently applied lead free solders of the SAC type as well as their potential replacements from the Sn Zn and Bi Sn systems. The work presents a comparative analysis of the effect of selected alloy additions, fluxes and temperatures on the solderability and wettability of soldering alloys in contact with selected types of substrates, as well as change in the microstructure, mechanical properties and reliability of the produced joints. The review is summed up by the description of the perspectives and new trends in the development of new generation lead free soldering alloys which could be implemented into the consumer electronics