nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Contamination Parts and Residue Levels of Multi Mycotoxins in Medicinal and Edible Locust
Venue: Front. Pharmacol.
Year: 2018

Locust is esteemed as a traditional Chinese medicine, as well as one of the most important nutritional foods especially in Asian countries. However, some toxic secondary metabolites such as mycotoxins are usually found in different parts of locust to affect its quality and safety. This study aimed to investigate the aflatoxins (AFs) contaminated parts by observing Aspergillus flavus, spores' diameter, amount and distribution on head, tentacle, wing, belly and shank parts of the locust with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) Furthermore, to assess the residue levels of multi mycotoxins in the locust, the high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC FLD) was adopted. The technique was used to determine the contents of AFs, zearalenone (ZON) and a zearalenol (a ZOL) in locust and the positive samples were confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC MS/MS) The chromatographic conditions, MS/MS parameters and the method of sample extraction were carefully optimized. Results revealed that obvious differences of Aspergillus flavus strains and spores were found, while the spores' diameter ranged from 3.0 to 13.0 mm in different contaminated parts of the locust samples. The HPLC FLD method for multi mycotoxins analysis showed good selectivity, linearity, recovery and precision. Limits of quantification (LOQs) were lower than 27.6 mg/kg, while limits of detection (LODs) were in the range of 0.02 8.6 mg/kg. The accuracy of the developed method was validated regarding recoveries of 80.1 118.1% with relative standard deviation (RSD) 11.4% Finally, the developed multi mycotoxin method was applied for screening of these mycotoxins in 11 commercial locust samples. Only AFB1 and AFB2 were found in six samples, and the contamination levels ranged from 0.12 to 4.4 mg/kg, which were lower than the maximum residue limit and can be used safely. This is the first report on the exploration of contamination parts and levels of multi mycotoxins in medicinal and edible locust. The combined method of SEM and HPLC FLD exhibited advantages of low cost, high sensitivity, rapid determination, convenience and especially intuitive judgment, which is proposed for contamination parts observation, for the large scale quantification of multi mycotoxins in other medicinal animal matrices.
KCoreMotif: An Efficient Graph Clustering Algorithm for Large Networks by Exploiting k core Decomposition and Motifs
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

Clustering analysis has been widely used in trust evaluation on various complex networks such as wireless sensors networks and online social networks. Spectral clustering is one of the most commonly used algorithms for graph structured data (networks) However, the conventional spectral clustering is inherently difficult to work with large scale networks due to the fact that it needs computationally expensive matrix manipulations. To deal with large networks, in this paper, we propose an efficient graph clustering algorithm, KCoreMotif, specifically for large networks by exploiting k core decomposition and motifs. The essential idea behind the proposed clustering algorithm is to perform the efficient motif based spectral clustering algorithm on k core subgraphs, rather than on the entire graph. More specifically, (1) we first conduct the k core decomposition of the large input network; (2) we then perform the motif based spectral clustering for the top k core subgraphs; (3) we group the remaining vertices in the rest (k 1) core subgraphs into previously found clusters; and finally obtain the desired clusters of the large input network. To evaluate the performance of the proposed graph clustering algorithm KCoreMotif, we use both the conventional and the motif based spectral clustering algorithms as the baselines and compare our algorithm with them for 18 groups of real world datasets. Comparative results demonstrate that the proposed graph clustering algorithm is accurate yet efficient for large networks, which also means that it can be further used to evaluate the intra cluster and inter cluster trusts on large networks.
Facility Location Strategy for Minimizing Cost in Edge Based Mobile Crowdsensing
Venue: 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Mobile Ad Hoc and Sensor Systems (MASS)
Year: 2019

Mobile crowdsensing emerges as a powerful sensing paradigm which utilizes a group of users with mobile devices to perform sensing tasks cooperatively. The traditional mobile crowdsensing architecture is centralized and cloud based, where the users upload the sensing data directly to the central server. Due to the fact that the amount of sensing data is very large, it will bring much burden to upload and process data collected by mobile users on the central server. In this paper, we propose an edge based mobile crowdsensing architecture, which introduces a new intermediate layer for data storage, processing and aggregation through deploying mobile edge servers between the traditional cloud server and the user layer. Considering the limited budget, a decision maker has to decide which server is activated to process each data type at minimum cost, where the cost consists of the facility cost for activating server and processing data, and the service cost measured by the distance of mobile users' movement during the process of uploading data. Since a user may have multiple types of data, this problem is formulated as a variant of the uncapacitated multi commodity facility location problem. Furthermore, an approximation algorithm is proposed to solve it for minimizing cost, which is proved to have a bound to the optimal solution. We conduct extensive simulations based on the widely used real world datasets: roma taxi set, epfl mobility set and geolife trajectory set. The experiment results show that the proposed approximation algorithm outperforms other baseline algorithms and accords with the theoretical bound results.
Food justice, intersectional agriculture, and the triple food movement
Venue: Agriculture and Human Values
Year: 2019

Emerging as an intersectional response to social inequalities perpetuated by the mainstream food movement in the United States, the food justice movement is being used by marginalized communities to address their food needs. This movement relies on an emancipatory discourse, illustrated by what I term intersectional agriculture. In many respects, the mainstream food movement reflects contention between marketization (corporate agriculture) and social protectionist (local food) discourses, while the role of food justice remains somewhat unclear as it relates to the mainstream movement. Each movement attempts to restructure the ways in which food is distributed, consumed, and produced, impacting the social, cultural, political, economic, and environmental dimensions of food. Using the lens of Nancy Fraser's triple movement framework, I construct an interpretation of food justice as the emancipatory pole of what I term the triple food movement to explore the role of food justice as it relates to the mainstream movement. Specifically, I draw upon the cases of black farmers and queer people in the U.S. creating and (re)creating spaces to address their community food needs and counter systems of domination constructed around race, class, gender, sexuality, agriculture, and food.
Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Vascular Aging in Hypertension
Venue: Hypertension
Year: 2017

Age related decline in function is a physiological phenomenon occurring in all organ systems. However, acceleration and early occurrence of this process are observed in cardiovascular pathologies, including hypertension.1,2 In the vascular system, this is characterized by progressive pathological remodeling with stiffening,3 typically associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) alterations in collagen and elastin.4 This is, in part, dependent on cellular senescence and growth arrest.5 Although hypertension and atherosclerosis are associated with accumulation of cellular senescence markers in the vascular wall, these conditions are often associated with vascular dysfunction rather than simple loss of proliferative capacity.6 For example, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as hypertension, smoking, hyperlipidaemia, or diabetes mellitus are associated with accelerated decline of vascular function.2 This is why vascular age determination has been introduced in key clinical guidelines for cardiovascular prevention, to indicate to the patient how their lifestyle contributes to the acceleration of vascular function deterioration.7 Oxidative stress and inflammation, key mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and arterial damage, link these risk factors to vascular disease, arterial stiffness, and aging. These underlie macro and microangiopathy, renal dysfunction, cardiac ischemia, and cognitive decline (Figure) Several novel pathways regulating these mechanisms of accelerated vascular aging have been elucidated in recent issues of Hypertension and are further discussed in the present Best Papers in Hypertension review.  Central role of oxidative stress in accelerated vascular aging in hypertension. AT1R indicates angiotensin II receptor type 1; BH2, dihydrobiopterin; BH4, tetrahydrobiopterin; BMP, bone morphogenic protein; CypD, cyclophilin D; eNOS, endothelial NO synthase; ET1R, endothelin 1 receptor; H2O2, hydrogen peroxide; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; Nox, NADPH oxidase; O2 superoxide anion; RANTES, regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted chemokine; and SmgGDS, GTP binding protein dissociation
and Renata Slezakova Implementation of Heat Maps in Geographical Information System Exploratory Study on Traflc Accident Data
Year: 2018

In this study, the authors created an overview of the usage of heat maps as a GIS visualization method. In the first part of the paper, a significant number of studies was evaluated, and the technique was thoroughly described to set up a base level for further research. At this moment,the most used input data for heat maps are point data. While these data fit the method very well, also studies based on line and polygon data were found. The second part of the paper is devoted to an exploratory study on traffic accident data of the Olomouc city, Czech Republic. Even spatial distribution of the dataset by geographical information system makes it the perfect example of heat map usage. These data were visualized in multiple ways changing color range, kernel size, radius, and transparency. Two groups of users were created in order to evaluate these heat maps. One group was consisting of those educated or working in cartography. The second one was consisting of the general public. Created heat maps were shown to these volunteers and their task was to decide their preferred solution. Most of the users chose bright colors with a negative feeling, such as red, for traffic accident visualization. The best settings for transparency was identified to be around 50% The final questions were about map readability based on radius. This setting is tied tomap scale but followsa common trend throughout the research. The results of this work are a general set of recommendations and specific evaluation of the exploratory study regarding traffic accidents spatial data. The general recommendations include basic principles of themethod, implementation by GIS, suitable data and correct usage of heat maps. The evaluation is answering specific questions re*Corresponding  Rostislav Netek: Department of Geoinformatics, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic;  Tomas Pour, Renata Slezakova: Department of Geoinformatics, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic garding heat map settings, style and presentation in the specific case.
The Microsoft 2017 Conversational Speech Recognition System
Venue: 2018 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)
Year: 2018

We describe the latest version of Microsoft's conversational speech recognition system for the Switchboard and CallHome domains. The system adds a CNN BLSTM acoustic model to the set of model architectures we combined previously, and includes character based and dialog session aware LSTM language models in rescoring. For system combination we adopt a two stage approach, whereby acoustic model posteriors are first combined at the senone/frame level, followed by a word level voting via confusion networks. We also added another language model rescoring step following the confusion network combination. The resulting system yields a 5.1% word error rate on the NIST 2000 Switchboard test set, and 9.8% on the CallHome subset.
Comparison of standardized bariums with varying rheological parameters on swallowing kinematics in males.
Venue: Journal of rehabilitation research and development
Year: 2012

This study measured dose response of a range of commercially available liquid barium materials designed for use in videofluoroscopic oropharyngeal swallowing assessments, particularly as they relate to the necessity of adding a thickening agent for swallow safety. A group of 25 adult males representing various medical diagnoses consented to participate, with 16 qualifying to complete a videofluoroscopic swallowing assessment with liquid barium materials of three viscosities (nectar: 300 cP, thin honey: 1,500 cP, thick honey: 3,000 cP) Outcome measures included airway invasion (Penetration Aspiration score) postswallow residue, and patient preference. Penetration Aspiration and residue scores did not significantly differ between thin honey and thick honey bariums. Significantly more severe airway invasion was observed with nectar boluses than with two levels of honey boluses (p 0.001) Significantly more residue was observed in the oral cavity (p 0.002) and valleculae (p 0.001) with thin and thick honey bariums than with nectar barium. Thin honey was rated as "easy" or "average" to drink by 67% of subjects, compared with 54% for thick honey. This study supports the use of thin honey barium over thick honey barium during videofluoroscopic swallowing assessments because the two honey bariums were comparable in terms of airway protection and postswallow residue in the oropharynx and the thin honey was preferred by patients.
Predicting the vessel lumen area tree ring parameter of Quercus robur with linear and nonlinear machine learning algorithms
Year: 2018

Climate growth relationships in Quercus robur chronologies for vessel lumen area (VLA) from two oak stands (QURO 1 and QURO 2) showed a consistent temperature signal: VLA is highly correlated with mean April temperature and the temperature at the end of the previous growing season. QURO 1 showed significant negative correlations with winter sums of precipitation. Selected climate variables were used as predictors of VLA in a comparison of various linear and nonlinear machine learning methods: Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) Model Trees (MT) Bagging of Model Trees (BMT) and Random Forests of Regression Trees (RF) ANN outperformed all the other regression algorithms at both sites. Good performance also characterised RF and BMT, while MLR, and especially MT, displayed weaker performance. Based on our results, advanced machine learning algorithms should be seriously considered in future climate reconstructions.
Molecular dynamics study on water vapor condensation and infiltration characteristics in nanopores with tunable wettability
Venue: Applied Surface Science
Year: 2019

Water and latent heat can be efficiently recycled from flue gas by using a porous membrane technology, and both the mechanism of water vapor condensation in nanopores and effects of surface properties are critically important to the performance of porous membranes. In this present study, the molecular dynamics simulation was employed to explore the mechanism of water vapor condensation and infiltration in nanopores with tunable surface wettability. Non equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of water vapor condensation in a single nanopore with tunable surface wettability were carried out, and then characteristics and dynamic behaviors of water vapor adsorption and condensation in hydrophobic and hydrophilic nanopores were examined in detail. Simulation results indicated that hydrophilic nanopores had high adsorption capacity, and the capillary pressure was the key for the infiltration or rebound progress of condensate in the hydrophobic nanopore. Based on the semi infiltrated hydrophobic nanopore liquid water system, furthermore, capillary pressures of hydrophobic nanopores with different sizes and tunable surface wettability were calculated quantitatively by molecular dynamics simulations.
The impact of the Brexit vote on UK financial markets: a synthetic control method approach
Year: 2020

We estimate how the UK financial markets would have evolved if the Remain camp had won the referendum. To construct the counterfactual, we use the synthetic control method. Our results suggest that there would not have been any significant change in the development of the FTSE 100 Index in the medium to long term if there had not been a referendum. On the other hand, we find a significantly negative effect of 1.2 percentage points on the 10 year bond yield. Given the geopolitical circumstances in mid 2016, financial agents investing in the pound could have sought safer investment options represented by longer term government bonds, which consequently could result in lower bond yields.
A New Mobile Collaborative Approach Based Relays for Wireless Sensor Networks
Year: 2020

The main purpose for wireless sensor networks is especially for data collection. Nevertheless, since the sensors are mostly immobile, the operation of transferring data they captured to the base station is a critical task since the exchange environment is unstable. Our approach consists in injecting mobile relay nodes whose mission is mainly to maximize the lifetime of the network, also to provide connectivity between any sensor and the base station, and to minimize the latency of receiving data sent to the base station. Smart mobility is the key for our approach to ensure reliability by forming a virtual mobile circle using relay nodes. We have proved formally and by simulation the effectiveness of our approach, the obtained results prove the efficiency of our approach.
Academic Stress Scale
Year: 2015

This scale consists of 40 items describing the stress in your institution/ college life from the various sources. The level of stress you feel for each item can be indicated by marking a mark in the bracket given against each statement. If you feel No Stress put a mark in the 1 st bracket (NS) Slight Stress in the 2 nd (SS) Moderate Stress in the 3 rd (MS) High Stress in the 4 th (HS) and you feel Extreme Stress put a mark in the 5 th bracket (ES) S.No Statement NS SS MS HS ES 1. Teachers make too many extra demands on students.
Footloose and fancy free: state aid after Brexit
Year: 2018

There is a perception in certain quarters that EU state aid law acts as a barrier to the UK's ability to pursue an effective industrial policy. Indeed, while the level of state aid provided by the UK is low, members of the current UK government and Labour's Jeremy Corbyn have framed the EU state aid regime as potentially limiting the UK's ability to support British business. The UK's decision to leave the EU has thus led some commentators to opine that Brexit will allow the UK to provide greater support to domestic industry. This article evaluates to what extent, if any, Brexit could provide the UK with greater autonomy to grant state aid.
KARAKTERISTIK EDIBLE FILM BERBASIS PATI BONGGOL PISANG(Musa paradisiaca) DENGAN KONSENTRASI KARAGENAN DAN GLISEROL YANG BERBEDA
Year: 2019

Edible film is an environmentally friendly alternative packaging material because it uses renewable materials such as banana hump starch. Banana cuffs have weakness that produces a surface that is not elastic so it takes additional material to repair the surface. The addition of Caragenan can increase the elasticity level in edible films based on banana hump so as to produce a surface structure that corresponds to the edible standard film. This research aims to determine the influence of the addition of Caragenan and glycerol concentration on the physical and mechanical characteristics of the resulting film. The study was a randomized group design (RAK) The first factor is glycerol with a concentration of 0.75% 1.25% 1.75% and the second factor is the addition of Caragenan with concentrations of 1% 1.5% and 2% The tested parameters are thickness, transparency, strong tensile, elongation, solubility, moisture transmission rate, and surface structure. The results showed that the addition of caragenan and glycerol concentrations with different concentrations of real effect on thickness, transparency, strong tensile, elongation, solubility and the transmission rate of moisture from edible films were produced. The best edible film quality is produced in the K3G1 treatment (carrageenan concentration of 2% and glycerol 0.75% With a thickness of 0.113 mm; 2.95 A546/mm transparency; Strong tensile 23.281 MPa; Elongation 19.14% Solubility in water 81% and moisture transmission rate of 2.69 g/m2/24h. Edible films are produced to meet the standard based on JIS Z 1707:1997.
How Online Product Reviews Affect Retail Sales: A Meta analysis
Year: 2014

A growing body of research has emerged on online product reviews and their ability to elicit performance outcomes desired by retailers; yet, a common understanding of the performance implications of online product reviews has eluded us. Scholars continue to navigate an array of studies assessing different design elements of online product reviews, and various research settings and data sources. We undertake a meta analysis of 26 empirical studies yielding 443 sales elasticities to examine how these variables relate to retail sales. Building on well established meta analytical methods, we address the following questions: How does review valence influence the elasticity of retailer sales? What about review volume? For which product types and usage situations do online product reviews have a greater impact on retailer sales elasticity? Which types of online reviewers and websites exert the greatest influence on retailer sales elasticity? Our study answers these important questions and provides a much needed quantitative synthesis of this burgeoning stream of research.
Food Spoilage Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks and K Means Clustering
Venue: 2019 3rd International Conference on Recent Developments in Control, Automation Power Engineering (RDCAPE)
Year: 2019

This paper presents the novel idea for detecting food spoilage using image classification with machine learning algorithms and artificial intelligence technology. Food spoilage is detected by using artificial intelligence, deep convolutional neural networks, and computer vision and machine learning algorithms like k clusters algorithm for color classifications in images and its HSV values for spoilage detection. This project is done using the jupyter notebook platform through anaconda prompt. In this project, photos of food or fruits will be taken which have to be tested and then it will be processed through computer which will then perform image classification and machine learning algorithms for getting the colors in the image and spoilage is detected by HSV (Hue Saturation Value) values and percentages of each color which we have got by using the k cluster algorithms in jupyter notebook.