nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Multifunctional Neuroprotective Promise of Rasagiline Derivatives for Multi Dysfunctional Alzheimer's Disease.
Venue: Current pharmaceutical design
Year: 2020

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic, age related, and irreversible brain disorder that typically develops slowly and gets worse over time. At present, the simultaneous modulation of several targets linked to AD by one potent molecule is the auspicious drug candidate for the treatment of AD. The new therapeutic approach involves drug candidates that are designed to act on multiple targets and have various pharmacological properties. This trend has triggered the development of various multimodal drugs including TV 3326 (i.e. ladostigil) and M 30 (i.e. a new multitarget iron chelator) TV 3326 combines the neurorestorative/neuroprotective actions of the cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitory activity of rivastigmine with rasagiline (a selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitor and novel antiparkinsonian agent) in a single molecule. M 30, the second derivative of rasagiline, was developed by combining the propargyl moiety of rasagiline into the skeleton of VK 28 (i.e. a novel brain permeable neuroprotective iron chelator) It has been revealed that both the compounds possess anti AD effects and therefore, the clinical development is directed to the treatment of this type of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) In this article, we have reviewed the neuroprotective molecular mechanisms and multimodal actions of TV 3326 and M 30.
Reorganized DCT based image representation for reduced reference stereoscopic image quality assessment
Venue: Neurocomputing
Year: 2016

In this paper, a novel reduced reference (RR) stereoscopic image quality assessment (SIQA) is proposed by characterizing the statistical properties of the stereoscopic image in the reorganized discrete cosine transform (RDCT) domain. Firstly, the difference image between the left and right view images is computed. Afterwards, the left and right view images, as well as the difference image, are decomposed by block based discrete cosine transform (DCT) The DCT coefficients are further reorganized into a three level coefficient tree, resulting in ten RDCT subbands. For each RDCT subband, the statistical property of the coefficient distribution is modeled by the generalized Gaussian density (GGD) function. And the mutual information (MI) and energy distribution ratio (EDR) are employed to depict the statistical properties across different RDCT subbands. Moreover, EDR can further model the mutual masking property of the human visual system (HVS) By considering the GGD modeling behavior within each RDCT subband and MI together EDR characterizing behavior across RDCT subbands, the statistical properties of the stereoscopic image are fully exploited, including the left view, right view, and the difference image. Experimental results demonstrated that the statistical properties of the difference image can well represent the perceptual quality of the stereoscopic image, which outperforms the representative RR quality metrics for stereoscopic image and even some full reference (FR) quality metrics. By considering the left view, right view, and difference image together, the performances of the proposed RR SIQA can be further improved, which presenting a more closely relationship between the quality metric output and human visual perception.
Uji Aktivitas Tabir Surya Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L. dan Formulasinya dalam Bentuk Emulgel
Year: 2020

Ultraviolet (UV) rays have harmful effects on the skin, UV rays are at a wavelength of 200 400 nm. Cocoa fruit skin contain high levels of phenolic compounds that have a conjugated bond where when exposed to UV light resonance will occur by electron transfer, causing this compound to be potentially photoprotective in sunscreen. This study aims to determine the sunscreen activity of extract cocoa fruit skin, determine the best formula of emulgel containing cocoa fruit skin extract which is physically stable. Cocoa fruit skin extraction was done by maceration using 70% ethanol solvent. The sunscreen activity test is done by determining the SPF value, percent erythema and percent pigmentation using the Mansur method. Optimization of the emulgel formula was carried out by varying concentrations of gelling agents (viscolam MAC 10) with emulsifiers used in combination with sodium lauryl sulfate and setosteril alcohol. Based on the results of cocoa skin extract testing has an SPF value of 10.37 at 1000 ppm which shows maximum protection activity, as well as percent erythema and pigmentation values of 8.39% and 21.57% Emulgel preparations containing cocoa pod extract (0.5% 1% and 2% with 5% viscolam gelling agent concentration have good physical characteristics and stability based on organoleptic evaluation, homogeneity, viscosity and rheologi, dispersion, centrifugation test, and freeze thaw test.  Sunscreean, Cocoa fruit skin Theobroma cacao L) Emulgel. ABSTRAK. Sinar ultraviolet (UV) memiliki efek yang berbahaya untuk kulit, sinar UV berada pada panjang gelombang 200 400 nm. Kulit buah kakao mengandung senyawa fenolik pada kadar tinggi yang memimiliki ikatan saling berkonjugasi dimana saat terkena sinar UV akan terjadi resonansi dengan cara transfer elektron sehingga menyebabkan senyawa ini berpotensi sebagai fotoprotektif dalam tabir surya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas tabir surya dari ekstrak kulit buah kakao, menentukan formula terbaik emulgel mengandung ekstrak kulit buah kakao yang stabil secara fisik. Ekstraksi kulit buah kakao dilakukan secara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70% Uji aktivitas tabir surya dilakukan dengan menentukan nilai SPF, persen eritema dan persen pigmentasi dengan menggunakan metode Mansur. Optimasi formula emulgel dilakukan dengan konsentrasi variasi gelling agent (viscolam MAC 10) dengan emulgator yang digunakan kombinasi natrium lauril sulfat dan setosteril alcohol. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian ekstrak kulit buah kakao memiliki nilai SPF 10,37 pada 1000 ppm yang menunjukan aktivitas perlindungan masksimum, serta nilai persen eritema dan pigmentasi 8,39% dan 21,57% Sediaan emulgel mengandung ekstrak kulit buah kakao (0,5% 1% dan 2% dengan konsentrasi gelling agent viscolam 5% memiliki karakteristik dan stabilitas fisik yang baik berdasarkan evaluasi organolepstis, homogenitas, viskositas dan rheologi, daya sebar, uji sentrifugasi, dan uji Freeze thaw.  Tabir surya, Kulit buah kakao Theobroma cacao L) Emulgel.
Collaborative Multiagent Reinforcement Learning by Payoff Propagation
Venue: J. Mach. Learn. Res.
Year: 2006

In this article we describe a set of scalable techniques for learning the behavior of a group of agents in a collaborative multiagent setting. As a basis we use the framework of coordination graphs of Guestrin, Koller, and Parr (2002a) which exploits the dependencies between agents to decompose the global payoff function into a sum of local terms. First, we deal with the single state case and describe a payoff propagation algorithm that computes the individual actions that approximately maximize the global payoff function. The method can be viewed as the decision making analogue of belief propagation in Bayesian networks. Second, we focus on learning the behavior of the agents in sequential decision making tasks. We introduce different model free reinforcement learning techniques, unitedly called Sparse Cooperative Q learning, which approximate the global action value function based on the topology of a coordination graph, and perform updates using the contribution of the individual agents to the maximal global action value. The combined use of an edge based decomposition of the action value function and the payoff propagation algorithm for efficient action selection, result in an approach that scales only linearly in the problem size. We provide experimental evidence that our method outperforms related multiagent reinforcement learning methods based on temporal differences.
A tragic harp: Ritual, irony and myth in the war poetry of Wilfred Owen
Year: 2011

Wilfred Owen stands out as one of the foremost poets writing on the theme of war and the pity of war. This article examines Owen's innovative use of Romantic, biblical, and Classical language in conjunction with specific literary and rhetorical devices as a way of developing irony in his work. Also central to the poet's stylistic approach was his deliberate collapse of conventional literary modes of expression, which included the traditional sonnet form. The enquiry which follows examines how Owen's use of antiquated language and literary patterning which the poet relied on to undercut established ritual and myth and their associated symbolism served to juxtapose the classically 'heroic' with the sacrificial 'heroes' he had encountered on the battlefields of Europe. To assist him in this the poet somewhat paradoxically relied on a mythopoeic approach that mirrored later Modernist attempts to address issues of personal nobility amidst the perceived dissolution of society. Close stylistic analysis contributes to an understanding of the intricate ironic patterning in Owen's war poetry, which defamiliarizes, yet also heightens, a reader's intuitive response to the poet's work.
L'EXPERTISE DU GESTIONNAIRE DES RESSOURCES HUMAINES A L'INTERFACE DE MULTIPLES INFLUENCES
Year: 2012

L'evolution majeure des attentes a l'egard des gestionnaires des ressources humaines necessite une reflexion approfondie sur les nouvelles competences requises et les mecanismes permettant de les construire et de les entretenir. L'objectif de cette recherche est d'analyser les liens entre les principales evolutions organisationnelles et environnementales de la fonction RH, les besoins accrus en competences d'expertises et d'adaptation qui en decoulent et les interfaces que les gestionnaires vont devoir developper, entretenir et mobiliser avec differents partenaires de leurs environnements professionnels afin de les satisfaire. Nous soutenons en effet que, dans un environnement de plus en plus incertain et instable, la creation de valeur ajoutee par le gestionnaire des ressources humaines repose sur sa capacite constante a enrichir ses expertises afin d'elaborer les dispositifs adequat d'innovation sociale. La question que nous posons est alors celle des moyens a la disposition des gestionnaires. Nous analysons, dans cette contribution, les leviers que sont susceptibles de constituer les differentes interfaces que le gestionnaires peut activer.
Similarity Learning with Spatial Constraints for Person Re identification
Venue: 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
Year: 2016

Pose variation remains one of the major factors that adversely affect the accuracy of person re identification. Such variation is not arbitrary as body parts (e.g. head, torso, legs) have relative stable spatial distribution. Breaking down the variability of global appearance regarding the spatial distribution potentially benefits the person matching. We therefore learn a novel similarity function, which consists of multiple sub similarity measurements with each taking in charge of a subregion. In particular, we take advantage of the recently proposed polynomial feature map to describe the matching within each subregion, and inject all the feature maps into a unified framework. The framework not only outputs similarity measurements for different regions, but also makes a better consistency among them. Our framework can collaborate local similarities as well as global similarity to exploit their complementary strength. It is flexible to incorporate multiple visual cues to further elevate the performance. In experiments, we analyze the effectiveness of the major components. The results on four datasets show significant and consistent improvements over the state of the art methods.
Real Time Simulation and Prognosis of Smoke Propagation in Compartments Using a GPU
Year: 2018

The evaluation of life safety in buildings in case of fire is often based on smoke spread calculations. However, recent simulation models in general, based on computational fluid dynamics often require long execution times or high performance computers to achieve simulation results in or faster than real time. Therefore, the objective of this study is the development of a concept for the real time and prognosis simulation of smoke propagation in compartments using a graphics processing unit (GPU) The developed concept is summarized in an expandable open source software basis, called JuROr (Julich's Real time simulation within ORPHEUS) JuROr simulates buoyancy driven, turbulent smoke spread based on a reduced modeling approach using finite differences and a Large Eddy Simulation turbulence model to solve the incompressible Navier Stokes and energy equations. This reduced model is fully adapted to match the target hardware of highly parallel computer architectures. Thereby, the code is written in the object oriented programming language C+ and the pragma based programming model OpenACC. This model ensures to maintain a single source code, which can be executed in serial and parallel on various architectures. Further, the study provides a proof of JuROr's concept to balance sufficient accuracy and practicality. First, the code was successfully verified using unit and (semi analytical tests. Then, the underlying model was validated by comparing the numerical results to the experimental results of scenarios relevant for fire protection. Thereby, verification and validation showed acceptable accuracy for JuROr's application. Lastly, the performance criteria of JuROr being real time and prognosis capable with comparable performance across various architectures was successfully evaluated. Here, JuROr also showed high speedup results on a GPU and faster time to solution compared to the established Fire Dynamics Simulator. These results show JuROr's practicality.
A New Learning Paradigm for Random Vector Functional Link Network: RVFL+
Venue: Neural Networks
Year: 2020

In school, a teacher plays an important role in various classroom teaching patterns. Likewise to this human learning activity, the learning using privileged information (LUPI) paradigm provides additional information generated by the teacher to 'teach' learning models during the training stage. Therefore, this novel learning paradigm is a typical Teacher Student Interaction mechanism. This paper is the first to present a random vector functional link (RVFL) network based on the LUPI paradigm, called RVFL+ The novel RVFL+ incorporates the LUPI paradigm that can leverage additional source of information into the RVFL, which offers an alternative way to train the RVFL. Rather than simply combining two existing approaches, the newly derived RVFL+ fills the gap between classical randomized neural networks and the newfashioned LUPI paradigm. Moreover, the proposed RVFL+ can perform in conjunction with the kernel trick for highly complicated nonlinear feature learning, termed KRVFL+ Furthermore, the statistical property of the proposed RVFL+ is investigated, and the authors present a sharp and high quality generalization error bound based on the Rademacher complexity. Competitive experimental results on 14 real world datasets illustrate the great effectiveness and efficiency of the novel RVFL+ and KRVFL+ which can achieve better generalization performance than state of the art methods.
MixingBoard: a Knowledgeable Stylized Integrated Text Generation Platform
Venue: ACL
Year: 2020

We present MixingBoard, a platform for quickly building demos with a focus on knowledge grounded stylized text generation. We unify existing text generation algorithms in a shared codebase and further adapt earlier algorithms for constrained generation. To borrow advantages from different models, we implement strategies for cross model integration, from the token probability level to the latent space level. An interface to external knowledge is provided via a module that retrieves, on the fly, relevant knowledge from passages on the web or a document collection. A user interface for local development, remote webpage access, and a RESTful API are provided to make it simple for users to build their own demos.
A new TOA DOA node localization for mobile ad hoc networks: Achieving high performance and low complexity
Venue: 2010 17th International Conference on Telecommunications
Year: 2010

This paper proposes a novel approach for node localization with applications in mobile ad hoc networks. The network consists of base nodes and target nodes. Base nodes equipped with antenna arrays are capable of localizing target nodes independently via integrated time of arrival (TOA) and direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. In addition, base nodes cooperate to improve the localization accuracy by fusing the estimated target node positions. Kalman filter is integrated with the fusion to further improve the localization performance. The proposed technique is compared to a localization technique based on extended Kalman filter (EKF) which directly fuses the multiple measured TOA DOA. The comparison criteria include localization accuracy in terms of error cumulative distribution function (CDF) and approximate posterior Cramer Rao lower bound (APCRLB) filter stability and computational complexity. The comparison confirms that the proposed method involves minor computational complexity, while it demonstrates slightly larger PCRLB; however, compared to EKF its stability is higher. This makes it a good candidate for localizing multiple target nodes in mobile ad hoc networks.
Disulfide exchange assisted self healing epoxy/PDMS/graphene oxide nanocomposites
Year: 2020

Vitrimers, a class of polymeric networks that change their topology above a threshold temperature, have been investigated in recent years. In order to further extend their properties, in this research, we demonstrate disulfide exchange assisted polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and graphene oxide (GO) involved epoxy vitrimers, which exhibit a reduction in glass transition temperature and storage modulus with increase in flexural strain and low temperature self healing. Stress relaxation and Arrhenius study were carried out for the analysis of vitrimeric behavior, where the prepared epoxy material displays self healing at 80 degC for 5 min, whereas a low temperature self healing (60 degC) was observed for epoxy/PDMS/GO nanocomposites.
Hypocritical Flip Flop, or Courageous Evolution? When Leaders Change Their Moral Minds
Venue: Journal of personality and social psychology
Year: 2017

How do audiences react to leaders who change their opinion after taking moral stances? We propose that people believe moral stances are stronger commitments, compared with pragmatic stances; we therefore explore whether and when audiences believe those commitments can be broken. We find that audiences believe moral commitments should not be broken, and thus that they deride as hypocritical leaders who claim a moral commitment and later change their views. Moreover, they view them as less effective and less worthy of support. Although participants found a moral mind changer especially hypocritical when they disagreed with the new view, the effect persisted even among participants who fully endorsed the new view. We draw these conclusions from analyses and meta analyses of 15 studies (total N 5,552) using recent statistical advances to verify the robustness of our findings. In several of our studies, we also test for various possible moderators of these effects; overall we find only 1 promising finding: some evidence that 2 specific justifications for moral mind changes citing a personally transformative experience, or blaming external circumstances rather than acknowledging opinion change help moral leaders appear more courageous, but no less hypocritical. Together, our findings demonstrate a lay belief that moral views should be stable over time; they also suggest a downside for leaders in using moral framings.
INTERMEDIUM C mediates the shade induced bud growth arrest in barley
Year: 2020

Tiller formation is a key agronomic determinant for grain yield in cereal crops. The modulation of this trait is controlled by transcriptional regulators and plant hormones, tightly regulated by external environmental conditions. While endogenous (genetics) and exogenous (environmental factors) triggers for tiller formation have mostly been investigated separately, it has remained elusive how they are integrated into the developmental program of this trait. The transcription factor INTERMEDIUM C (INT C) which is the barley ortholog of the maize domestication gene TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (TB1) has a prominent role in regulating tiller bud outgrowth. Here we show that INT C is expressed in tiller buds, required for bud growth arrest in response to shade. In contrast to wild type plants, int c mutant plants are impaired in their shade response and do not stop tiller production after shading. Gene expression levels of INT C are up regulated under light limiting growth conditions, and down regulated after decapitation. Transcriptome analysis of wild type and int c buds under control and shading conditions identified target genes of INT C that belong to auxin and gibberellin biosynthesis and signaling pathways. Our study identifies INT C as integrator of the shade response into tiller formation, which is prerequisite for implementing shading responses in the breeding of cereal crops.
Generating SOAP Notes from Doctor Patient Conversations
Venue: ArXiv
Year: 2020

Following each patient visit, physicians must draft detailed clinical summaries called SOAP notes. Moreover, with electronic health records, these notes must be digitized. For all the benefits of this documentation the process remains onerous, contributing to increasing physician burnout. In a parallel development, patients increasingly record audio from their visits (with consent) often through dedicated apps. In this paper, we present the first study to evaluate complete pipelines for leveraging these transcripts to train machine learning model to generate these notes. We first describe a unique dataset of patient visit records, consisting of transcripts, paired SOAP notes, and annotations marking noteworthy utterances that support each summary sentence. We decompose the problem into extractive and abstractive subtasks, exploring a spectrum of approaches according to how much they demand from each component. Our best performing method first (i) extracts noteworthy utterances via multi label classification assigns them to summary section(s) (ii) clusters noteworthy utterances on a per section basis; and (iii) generates the summary sentences by conditioning on the corresponding cluster and the subsection of the SOAP sentence to be generated. Compared to an end to end approach that generates the full SOAP note from the full conversation, our approach improves by 7 ROUGE 1 points. Oracle experiments indicate that fixing our generative capabilities, improvements in extraction alone could provide (up to) a further 9 ROUGE point gain.