nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Calibrating the late Smithian (Early Triassic) crisis: New insights from the Nanpanjiang Basin, South China
Year: 2021

The biotic recovery following the Permian/Triassic boundary mass extinction was influenced by several secondary extinctions during the Early Triassic, of which the late Smithian crisis is the most severe known for some nekto pelagic organisms such as ammonoids. The Smithian Spathian transition is characterized by successive global biotic and environmental changes, including a dramatic positive carbon isotopic excursion, oceanic anoxia and a cooling event beginning in the late Smithian. However, the tempo, modalities and the causal relationships among these various events remain poorly constrained. Here we synthesized paleontological, sedimentological, and geochemical data from three sections (Motianling, Nafang, and Shanggang) within the Nanpanjiang Basin, representing platform slop to basinal deposits spanning the Smithian/Spathian boundary. High resolution analyses of thin sections show a sudden decrease in richness and abundance of fossil grains at the middle/upper Smithian boundary in all three sections, coinciding with the onset of a positive shift in d13Ccarb. It also slightly precedes the beginning of the late Smithian cooling. At Shanggang, a change in dominance from bivalve rich to ostracod rich strata is also recorded at the middle/upper Smithian boundary. Overall, our results therefore indicate that a first major biotic crisis and turnover happened during the beginning of the late Smithian in the Nanpanjiang Basin, rather than around the Smithian/Spathian boundary. Complementary analyses on pyrite framboid size indicate that these observed biotic changes are concurrent with oxygen depletion in the studied sections, supporting the hypothesis that oceanic anoxia also played an important role in the late Smithian crisis in combination with climate cooling and oceanic acidification.
Vitamin D3 and B12 Supplementation in Pregnancy.
Venue: Diabetes research and clinical practice
Year: 2021

To assess the efficacy of vitamin D3 or B12 supplementation during pregnancy.  Pregnant women at 6 14 weeks in the intervention arm received oral high dose intermittent vitamin D3 and/or low dose B12 supplementation if they had vitamin D or vitamin B12 deficiency. The control arm received prescribed dietary instruction only. An additional observational arm for those mothers at booking with normal vitamin D and vitamin B12 level was also recruited. All groups received standard care during pregnancy.  The primary endpoint of either vitamin D or B12 at term was not met. At baseline 25% participants in both the interventional and control arms had severe D deficiency <30nmol/l) reducing to under 3.4% in both groups. No maternal differences in vitamin D or B12 levels were found at delivery between the intervention, control, or observational groups. No significant difference in any of the pregnancy or birth outcomes was observed between three groups.  In this study, oral supplementation of high dose intermittent vitamin D or low dose vitamin B12 regime failed to correct the relevant nutritional deficiencies in Bangladeshi pregnant women as per protocol. Both dietary supplementation and high dose vitamin D corrected severe vitamin deficiency.
Entropy Balancing for Causal Effects: A Multivariate Reweighting Method to Produce Balanced Samples in Observational Studies
Venue: Political Analysis
Year: 2012

This paper proposes entropy balancing, a data preprocessing method to achieve covariate balance in observational studies with binary treatments. Entropy balancing relies on a maximum entropy reweighting scheme that calibrates unit weights so that the reweighted treatment and control group satisfy a potentially large set of prespecified balance conditions that incorporate information about known sample moments. Entropy balancing thereby exactly adjusts inequalities in representation with respect to the first, second, and possibly higher moments of the covariate distributions. These balance improvements can reduce model dependence for the subsequent estimation of treatment effects. The method assures that balance improves on all covariate moments included in the reweighting. It also obviates the need for continual balance checking and iterative searching over propensity score models that may stochastically balance the covariate moments. We demonstrate the use of entropy balancing with Monte Carlo simulations and empirical applications.
Maternal and perinatal outcomes of induction of labor at term in the university clinics of Kinshasa, DR Congo
Year: 2013

This paper aims at assessing outcomes following induction of labor and characteristics likely to predict vaginal delivery.  This is a descriptive retrospective cohort study including all women with singleton pregnancies who delivered at term in the university clinics of Kinshasa, DR Congo, from January 01, 2006 until December 31, 2010. Induction was initiated regardless of cervical status. Methods of induction included: oxytocin perfusion, vaginal Misoprostol, intracervical insertion of the Foley catheter and amniotomy. Results of induction were compared in terms of failure of labor, cesarean section, fetal distress, and neonatal distress. Logistic regression was used to seek for independent contributing factors for adverse outcomes.  During the period of the study 115 patients at term (3.2% were concerned with induction of labor. Means for maternal age, gestational age and weight at confinement were 30.5 5.7 years, 37.95 1.54 weeks and 69.3 15.1 kg, respectively. The mean parity and gravidity were 2.4 1.9 and 2.9 1.9, respectively. The mean Bishop score was 6.2 1.5 at the first induction, with 66 women (57.3% having less than 7. Indications for induction were: preeclampsia (52 54.1% premature rupture of membranes (34 29.5% post term (17 14.6% gestational diabetes (5 4.3% stillbirth (5 4.3% polyhydramnios (3 2.6% and cardiopathy (1 0.8% Methods of induction at the first attempt included: oxytocin (86 74.7% vaginal misoprostol (20 17.3% transcervical Foley catheter balloon (14 12.1% and amniotomy (1 0.8% Failure to induce uterine contraction at the first attempt was noted in 9/115 (7.8% women. Vaginal delivery occurred in 78 (66.9% women, and cesarean section in 34 (29.6% The majority of cesarean sections were performed at the primary induction, most of them (29/34 85.3% in women with bad Bishop score. Failure of induction was more likely to occur in association with high maternal weight (OR 6.8; CI 1.2 39.7) and somewhat birth weight (OR 2.1 but CI containing 1) Risk for cesarean section was increased in association with induction of labor in cases of high maternal weight (OR 10.3, CI 16.0 67.0) and somewhat of high birth weight (OR 2.3, but CI containing 1) Fetal distress was associated only with maternal weight (OR 15.7, CI 1.3 187.8) and neonatal distress only with Bishop score (OR 10.9, CI 1.1 108.0)  Induction of labor in our setting in order to get vaginal delivery is affected of a high risk of adverse outcomes such as failure of induction, cesarean delivery, fetal and neonatal distress. This risk is significantly influenced by maternal weight, birth weight and Bishop score. Lack of worse outcomes between the first and the subsequent attempts to induce labor can be regarded as a reason to try induction even in the presence of unfavorable cervix.
Profilin1 facilitates staurosporine triggered apoptosis by stabilizing the integrin b1 actin complex in breast cancer cells
Venue: Journal of cellular and molecular medicine
Year: 2012

Profilin1 (Pfn1) functions as a tumour suppressor against malignant phenotypes of cancer cells. A minimum level of Pfn1 is critical for the differentiation of human epithelial cells, and its lower expression correlates with the tumourigenesis of breast cancer cells and tissues. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its anti tumour action remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that stable expression of ectopic Pfn1 sensitized the breast cancer cell line MDA MB 468 to apoptosis induced by staurosporine, a widely used natural apoptosis inducing agent. Pfn1 overexpression could also up regulate the expression of integrin a5b1, which has been shown to inhibit the transformed phenotype of cancer cells. Furthermore, the Pfn1 facilitated apoptosis induced by staurosporine was blocked in cells attached to a supplementary fibronectin substrate, which serves as a ligand of integrin a5b1. These results suggest that the insufficient fibronectin caused by the integrin a5b1 up regulation might activate a signalling pathway leading to an increase of cellular apoptosis. Moreover, Pfn1 that primarily functions to promote local superstructure formation involving actin filaments and integrin b1 may contribute to its promotion on apoptosis. Our study indicated a previously uncharacterized role of Pfn1 in mediating staurosporine inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells via up regulating integrin a5b1, and suggested a new target for breast cancer therapy.
Security and Privacy in Smart City Applications: Challenges and Solutions
Venue: IEEE Communications Magazine
Year: 2017

With the flourishing and advancement of the IoT, the smart city has become an emerging paradigm, consisting of ubiquitous sensing, heterogeneous network infrastructure, and intelligent information processing and control systems. A smart city can monitor the physical world in real time, and provide intelligent services to both local residents and travelers in terms of transportation, healthcare, environment, entertainment, and energy. However, security and privacy concerns arise, since smart city applications not only collect a wide range of privacy sensitive information from people and their social circles, but also control city facilities and influence people's lives. In this article, we investigate security and privacy in smart city applications. Specifically, we first introduce promising smart city applications and architecture. Then we discuss several security and privacy challenges in these applications. Some research efforts are subsequently presented to address these security and privacy challenges for intelligent healthcare, transportation, and smart energy. Finally, we point out some open issues for future research.
The Great Risk Shift: The New Economic Insecurity and the Decline of the American Dream
Year: 2006

America's leaders say the economy is strong and getting stronger. But the safety net that once protected us is fast unraveling. With retirement plans in growing jeopardy while health coverage erodes, more and more economic risk is shifting from government and business onto the fragile shoulders of the American family. In The Great Risk Shift Jacob S. Hacker lays bare this unsettling new economic climate, showing how it has come about, what it is doing to our families, and how we can fight back. Behind this shift, he contends, is the Personal Responsibility Crusade, eagerly embraced by corporate leaders and Republican politicians who speak of a nirvana of economic empowerment, an "ownership society" in which Americans are free to choose. But as Hacker reveals, the result has been quite different: a harsh new world of economic insecurity, in which far too many Americans are free to lose. The book documents how two great pillars of economic security the family and the workplace guarantee far less financial stability than they once did. The final leg of economic support the public and private benefits that workers and families get when economic disaster strikes has dangerously eroded as political leaders and corporations increasingly cut back protections of our health care, our income security, and our retirement pensions. Blending powerful human stories, big picture analysis, and compelling ideas for reform, this remarkable volume will hit a nerve, serving as a rallying point in the vital struggle for economic security in an increasingly uncertain world.
Metamorphic cryptography A paradox between cryptography and steganography using dynamic encryption
Venue: 2011 International Conference on Recent Trends in Information Technology (ICRTIT)
Year: 2011

Cryptography is the art of securing information by making sure that the secret can be understood only by the right person. Steganography is the process of sharing information in an undetectable way by making sure that nobody else can even detect the presence of a secret. If these two methods could be combined, it would provide a fool proof security to information being communicated over a network. This paper fuses the two methods and a new technique Metamorphic Cryptography is born. The message is transformed into a cipher image using a key, concealed into another image using Steganography by converting it into an intermediate text and finally transformed once again into an image. The proposed method thus achieves a high degree of security for information.
Exploring sequence space in search of functional enzymes using microfluidic droplets.
Venue: Current opinion in chemical biology
Year: 2017

Screening of enzyme mutants in monodisperse picoliter compartments, generated at kilohertz speed in microfluidic devices, is coming of age. After a decade of proof of principle experiments, workflows have emerged that combine existing microfluidic modules to assay reaction progress quantitatively and yield improved enzymes. Recent examples of the screening of libraries of randomised proteins and from metagenomic sources suggest that this approach is not only faster and cheaper, but solves problems beyond the feasibility scope of current methodologies. The establishment of new assays in this format so far covering hydrolases, aldolases, polymerases and dehydrogenases will enable the exploration of sequence space for new catalysts of natural and non natural chemical transformations.
Alloy: Clustering with Crowds and Computation
Venue: CHI
Year: 2016

Crowdsourced clustering approaches present a promising way to harness deep semantic knowledge for clustering complex information. However, existing approaches have difficulties supporting the global context needed for workers to generate meaningful categories, and are costly because all items require human judgments. We introduce Alloy, a hybrid approach that combines the richness of human judgments with the power of machine algorithms. Alloy supports greater global context through a new "sample and search" crowd pattern which changes the crowd's task from classifying a fixed subset of items to actively sampling and querying the entire dataset. It also improves efficiency through a two phase process in which crowds provide examples to help a machine cluster the head of the distribution, then classify low confidence examples in the tail. To accomplish this, Alloy introduces a modular "cast and gather" approach which leverages a machine learning backbone to stitch together different types of judgment tasks.
Experimental study on treatment of Spartina alterniflora in Fujian
Year: 2010

The invasive plant,Spartina alterniflora,has spread out over the tidal flats in Fujian province,which has restricted the sustainable development of coastal economy,society and environment.In view of this situation,the diluent of "eliminating and controlling S.alterniflora in the tidal flats" was used to squirt the stem and leaf of S.alterniflora,and the following conditions can be found.Its stems and leaves change from green to yellowish after 15 days,and wither gradually after 30 days.The roots start to rot off after 60 days,and being destroyed completely after 180 days.After detection,the diluent has the characteristics of low toxicity and high solubility.In addition,the residual can not be detected in the seawater,deposits and selfish bodies.In a word,the way of "eliminating and controlling S.alterniflora in tidal flats" in treating S.alterniflora is environmentally safe,simple,fast and thorough.
Changes on the phytochemicals profile of instant corn flours obtained by traditional nixtamalization and ohmic heating process.
Venue: Food chemistry
Year: 2019

We studied the changes in the phytochemicals profile of two instant corn flours produced by different process: traditional nixtamalization process (TN) and by ohmic heating process (OH) The highest total phenolics content was found in the OH flours (OHF) which showed predominance of bound phenolics and free flavonoids compared with the TN flours (TNF) Ferulic acid measured by HPLC DAD was the most abundant compound in its bound form in the OHF, but decreased by 57% in TNF. The insoluble fiber content was preserved by the OHF (17.49% and the soluble fiber increased ~65% compared with TNF. These data suggest that instant corn flours processed by OH preserves the phenolic profile and antioxidant profile similarly than flours processed by TN; furthermore, water waste was reduced significantly, and no effluents were produced in the ohmic heating process.
Continuous discrete trajectory PHD and CPHD filters
Venue: 2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)
Year: 2020

This paper presents the continuous discrete trajectory probability hypothesis density (CD TPHD) and the continuous discrete trajectory cardinality PHD (CD TCPHD) filter. We consider continuous time models for target appearance, dynamics and disappearance, which are discretised to obtain the corresponding continuous discrete models. The CD TPHD filter propagates a Poisson point process approximation to the posterior (multi trajectory) density over the set of alive trajectories sampled at the time instants when the measurements have been taken. The CD TCPHD filter proceeds analogously but propagating a density on an independent and identically distributed (IID) cluster process. An important, novel feature of these filters is that they can infer the time of appearance and the state at appearance time of the trajectories in continuous time, not being constrained to discretised time steps.
Social Commerce Adoption by Saudi Consumers: A Conceptual Model
Venue: UKAIS
Year: 2015

This study aims to examine the factors that affect consumer adoption of social commerce technologies in the context of Saudi Arabia. The proposed conceptual model is extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) by including other external factors: trust, perceived risk, innovativeness, and information quality. A quantitative field survey will be conducted to gain the data from a convenience sample of Saudi customers using a self administrated questionnaire. The results of this study will be useful for learning how Saudi Arabian customers' adoption of social commerce technologies can be improved.
William Beckford's Vathek and the Uses of Oriental Re enactment
Year: 2008

William Beckford typifies the Englishman who wishes he were something else: an Oriental ruler of a type inspired by reading the *1001 Nights* and Ottoman and Safavid court poetry. His novel *Vathek* is an attempt to re enact his previous *Arabian Nights Entertainments* re enactment: his twenty first birthday party celebrations at Fonthill. Even at his most private, Beckford writes from an Eastern repository of tropes, while at his most Oriental, he satirises English rural society, especially the hunting mad set represented by his cousin Peter Beckford. Even the figure of the camel Alboufaki signifies both Eastern learning and English gentry folly, typifying the complexity of Beckford's literary achievement.
OpenPose Realtime Multi Person 2 D Pose Estimation using OpenPose
Year: 2020

Download PDF Ebook and Read OnlineOpenpose%0D. Get Openpose%0D GitHub CMU Perceptual Computing Lab openpose OpenPose OpenPose represents the first real time multi person system to jointly detect human body, hand, facial, and foot keypoints (in total 135 keypoints) on single images. It is authored by Gines Hidalgo, Zhe Cao, Tomas Simon, Shih En Wei, Hanbyul Joo, and Yaser Sheikh.Currently, it is being maintained by Gines Hidalgo and Yaadhav Raaj.In addition, OpenPose would not be possible without the CMU http:/home.schoolnutritionandfitness.com/GitHub CMU Perceptual Computing Lab openpose OpenP ose .pdf OpenPose Human Pose Estimation Method GeeksforGeeks OpenPose is the first real time multi person system to jointly detect human body, hand, facial, and foot key points (in total 135 key points) on single images. It was proposed by researchers at Carnegie Mellon University. They have released in the form of Python code, C+ implementation and Unity Plugin. http:/home.schoolnutritionandfitness.com/OpenPose Human Pose Estimation Method GeeksforGeek s.pdf How to install openpose on windows 10 mc ai OpenPose is a library for the detection of multi person keypoints in real and multi threading written in C+ For this purpose, it brings OpenCV and Caffe in use. It is authored by Gines Hidalgo, Zhe Cao, Tomas Simon, Shih En Wei Hanbyul Joo, and Yaser Sheikh. http:/home.schoolnutritionandfitness.com/How to install openpose on windows 10 mc ai.pdf CVPR 2017 OpenPose Realtime Multi Person 2D Pose The best implementation of OpenPose is from the OpenPose repository which is implemented C+ This OpenPose system provides easy to use pipelines with command line interfaces, Python API, Unity plugin. The system supports NVIDIA GPUs (CUDA) AMD GPUs (OpenCL) and CPU only.  CVPR 2017 OpenPose Realtime Multi Person 2D Pose .pdf OpenPose Whole Body Pose Estimation The Robotics We present the first single network approach for 2D whole body (body, face, hand, and foot) pose estimation, capable of detecting an arbitrary number of people from in the wild images. Our method maintains constant real time performance regardless of the number of people in the image. This network is trained in a single stage using multi task learning and an http:/home.schoolnutritionandfitness.com/OpenPose Whole Body Pose Estimation The Robotics .p df Using OpenPose on macOS OpenPose is a game changer in pose detection. This library is proposed by the Perceptual Computing Laboratory of the Carnegie Mellon University. OpenPose offers a Python as well as a C+ API. In June 2018, a CPU only macOS support was released. http:/home.schoolnutritionandfitness.com/Using OpenPose on macOS.pdf Pose Detection comparison wrnchAI vs OpenPose Learn OpenCV OpenPose, on the other hand has to be installed from source, which might be tricky. 7. Documentation and Support. The documentation provided by both wrnchAI and OpenPose are updated regularly.
Diagnostic value of a semi nested PCR for the diagnosis of mucormycosis and aspergillosis from paraffin embedded tissue: A single center experience.
Venue: Pathology, research and practice
Year: 2016

The main aim of our study was to investigate the diagnostic value of a molecular method for the diagnosis of mucormycosis and aspergillosis from formalin fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues.  A retrospective chart review identified all cases with histology reports mentioning the presence of fungi with morphological characteristics of either Aspergillus or mucormycetes, for the period 2005 2012. Paraffin blocks were retrieved from the archives of the Department of Pathology. A semi nested PCR specific for the detection of mucormycetes and Aspergillus species was applied in FFPE tissue from the above blocks. Results were compared with those of histological (gold standard) and microbiological methods.  Twenty cases with fungal hyphae in tissue were revealed. Mucormycetes were detected in 9 cases (45% by PCR, in only 4 of which culture was available. Species of Aspergillus were detected in 8 cases (40% by PCR, two of which were co infection with mucormycetes. Five patients had other fungi, non detectable with this specific PCR. At least one sample per patient was positive by PCR. Seven out of 30 samples tested overall were false negative. The calculated sensitivity of this method in our setting was 79.3% (95% CI: 60.3 91.9% specificity was 100%  The specific PCR used appears to be an easy and useful tool for the prompt and accurate diagnosis of mucormycosis and aspergillosis, in combination with histology and direct examination. Mucormycosis was more frequent than aspergillosis during the study period, highlighting the importance of continuous epidemiological surveillance of these serious infections.