nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of heatsink on the performance of high power semiconductor lasers

we report on our investigation of the impacts of different thermal configurations of chip-on-submounts (COS) on the performance of high power semiconductor lasers. Two types of submounts are studied; one is AlN sub-mount, and the other is AlN submount with both top and bottom surfaces being coated with thick copper layers. Both theoretical analysis and experiments are performed. Our results show COS with AlN submount coated with thick copper layers has improved thermal and laser performance.
A 1-MHz, 12-V ZVS Nonisolated Full-Bridge VRM With Gate Energy Recovery

In this paper, a new self-driven zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) nonisolated full-bridge converter is presented for 12-V input VRM applications. The advantages of the new circuit are: 1) duty cycle extension; 2) ZVS of all the control MOSFETs; 3) lower voltage stress and reduced reverse recovery loss of the synchronous rectifier (SR) MOSFETs; 4) high-drive voltage to reduce R DS( ON) and the conduction loss of the SRs due to gate energy recovery capability; and 5) reduced body-diode conduction and no external drive IC chips with dead time control needed for SRs. Existing multiphase buck controllers and buck drivers can be directly used in the proposed converter. The experimental results verify the principle of operation and significant efficiency improvement. At 12 V input, 1.3 V output voltage, and 1 MHz switching frequency, the proposed converter improves the efficiency, using the buck converter from 80.7% to 83.6% at 50 A, and from 77.9% to 80.5% at 60 A. With two parallel SRs, the efficiency is further improved from 83.6% (single SR) to 84.7% (two SRs) and at 60 A, the efficiency is improved from 80.5% (single SR) to 83.2% (two SRs).
Design and implement a safe method for isolating memory based on Xen cloud environment

In view of the present cloud security problem which has been becoming one of the major obstacles hindering the development of the cloud increasingly, put forward a kind of technology implementation of memory security isolation based on Xen. And based on the Xen virtual machine monitor system, analysis the implementation approach of memory virtualization in the model, using Xen virtualization system memory's super calls and authorization table mechanism, design the security memory isolation system with the basics of virtual machine manager internal implementation of access control module (ACM). Experiments show that the system can effectively isolate the memory data between different customer domain OS illegal access.
3D parallel full band ensemble Monte Carlo devices simulation for nano scale devices application

A 3D parallel full band ensemble Monte Carlo device simulator is developed for simulation of nano scale semiconductor devices especially for the non planar structures. The transition rates for the various scattering processes including phonon scattering, ionized impurity scattering, remote Coulomb scattering, surface roughness scattering and surface phonon scattering are calculated based on Fermi's golden rule. The quantum effect, quantum correction has been included using the effective potential (EP) method. 3D Poisson equation with non uniform hexahedron grid is solved self-consistently after the carriers' free flight and scattering. We parallelize the 3D MC device simulator by utilizing the Trillions software package.
Car insurance claims time distribution function and bounds

For insurance company, claims service time is an important index of claims service quality. It has a biggish impact on other indicators and business promotion of insurance, and the image of insurance company. According to the date of insurance claims service quality indicators in some provinces and cities in China, this paper analyzes insurance claims service time distribution function. And under the discussion of distribution types and characteristics, we have a research on practical bounds in an uncertain condition of distribution function. On the basis of this study, we discuss the solution of insurance claims time distribution and bounds through two examples. Then we can get the specific distribution of outstanding loss reserve required.
Anti-interference design applied to Lumber Stress Rating System

Interference can affect the stability of system and accuracy of test results; even damage the components or system. Thus, anti-interference techniques are necessary for modern test system. Focused on a Lumber Stress Rating System we developed, a set of anti-interference designs to restrain the influences of different disturbance factors on system were conducted. These interferences including electric power, transmission channels, electromagnetic radiation, etc. Results obtained in the investigation confirm that every measure can have better effects as new anti-interference method is applied; as well as linear power has better anti-interference effect than switching power. The final result indicates that the measurement of using linear power while adding low-pass filter and isolation transformer, with effective grounding measure has the best anti-interference effect.
A New Contour Tracing Algorithm in Eight-Connected Binary Images

A new contour tracing algorithm in eight-connected binary images is presented in this paper. The algorithm adopts a unique contour labeling method using automaton. Connectivity information is preserved and inner and outer contours can be distinguished. Furthermore, it only labels west side of the outer contour and east side of the inner contour while traversing the image simultaneously. And it is also capable of generating all three types of chain code after tracing the contours. It is demonstrated that it increases the coding efficiency for binary image effectively and outperforms the algorithms which compute chain code from run-length code.
A novel slot arrays for Bandpass shielding enclosure

In this paper, a novel bandpass shielding enclosure (BPSE) that uses new slot arrays is proposed and analysed. The BPSE is designed to achieve the design objectives of high transmittance in the specified wireless-signal band and high shielding effectiveness outside this band. Four kinds of slot arrays: circular slot arrays, quadrangular slot arrays, regular triangular slot arrays and regular hexagon slot arrays, were considered. Two types of antenna polarization: horizontal and vertical polarization, were considered. Simulated results were obtained to validate the design. Based on these results, a detailed performance comparison among all the considered arrays is given. The comparison demonstrated that only the BPSE with a regular triangular slot arrays can meet the design objectives and has a much better performance.
Combined low-rank and sparsity filtering of radio-sounding data

This paper presents a combined low-rank and sparsity filtering method to improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the radio-echo sounding (RES) data of ice sheets. It performs denoising in spectral/temporal subspace and spatial subspace based on low-rank approximation and sparse representation respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed method can denoise the RES data efficiently while preserves layer features well.
Computer system for process control based on data-driven

It presents a computer control system for process control based on data-driven. The system focuses on process data and is able to deal with the complex problems such as nonlinearity, significant delay, strong coupling and stochastic uncertainty, which are ubiquitous in process control. It adopts both modeling method based on data and learning control theory. The computer control system is composed of PC servers and high performance embedded special controllers. Control network adopts fully-distributed automation islands based on industrial Ethernet. So the powerful ability of data process is provided for the system and can satisfy the requirement of modeling and controlling based on data-driven.
A MOS Transistor with Source/Drain on Insulator and Channel Doped in Step-Function Profile

A new MOS device design applied to the nano-scale is proposed. In this design, while the channel region is in the substrate, the source and drain regions except for the lateral sides connecting to the channel are insulated from the substrate. The insulated source/drain helps to reduce the junction capacitances and leakages, and potentially eliminate the punch-through between them. On the other hand, the channel region is doped in a step-function (extremely retrograde) profile to minimize the threshold voltage variations caused by dopant number fluctuations and the carrier mobility degradation related to the high electrical field in the channel region. The device characteristics of MOSFETs with the new design are compared with that of both bulk devices with super-halo doping profile in the channel and the Ultra Thin Body (UTB) SOI MOSFETs. The Simulated results show the new design provides nano-scale MOS devices with similar or better short channel effect immunity and sub-threshold characteristics to or than both super-halo and UTB schemes. A process for fabricating the device with the proposed design is also investigated.
Characteristics of sub-1 nm CVD HfO/sub 2/ gate dielectrics with HfN electrodes for advanced CMOS applications

High quality thermal robust CVD-HfO/sub 2/ gate dielectrics with HfN electrodes were fabricated. The scalability of the HfN/HfO/sub 2/ gate stack and the integration issues with CMOS devices were systematically investigated. The equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) is aggressively scaled down to 0.65 nm with low gate leakage and excellent reliability characteristics. High performance HfN/HfO: gated nMOSFET with 0.95 nm EOT was fabricated by using a gate-first process compatible with standard CMOS process flow. Significantly improved effective electron mobility is achieved in the device. The improved mobility is related to a high temperature post annealing process after HfO/sub 2/ deposition in the gate-first process such as the S/D activation annealing, which could effectively reduce the charge traps in HfO/sub 2/ films. A dual metal gate integration process for HfO/sub 2/ CMOS devices is demonstrated using a HfN dummy metal layer. In the process, the dummy HfN metal gate electrode was selectively removed from high-temperature annealed HfN/HfO: gate stack by diluted hydrofluoric without causing any degradation to the underlying HfO/sub 2/ gate dielectrics. Then two other metals with appropriate work functions for dual-gate CMOS, such as Ta for n-MOS and Ni for p-MOS were then re-deposited on HfO/sub 2/ as the new gate electrodes. The resulting n- and p-MOS devices show a work function difference of -0.8 eV.
320MHz Mode-Locking Pulse Yb-Doped Fiber Amplifier

High repetition rate laser pulses amplified was of great significance. It was reported that the 320MHz mode-locking pulses were amplified by using a double-cladding ytterbium-doped fiber. The maximum output power is 1.2W and the gain is 16dB when the power of signal is 31mW and the launched pump power is 10W. The experiment demonstrated the self-oscillation was happen near the 1080nm when the fiber length is 9m.The experiment also demonstrated that the output power can be higher with increasing the pump power.
Design of the special hand mechanism for auto-grabbing concave-convex object with special curved surface

This paper introduced a special hand mechanism which can automatically grab a concavo-convex object with smooth curved surface, and introduced the design of the self-adaptive positioning mechanism and sucking mechanism for grabbing concavo-convex objects with different curved surface, and introduced briefly the functional design of the contact-force control of the hand, posture-adjusting, mobile posture holding and anti-falling protection. In the meantime, it introduced the calculation method for sucking force and the design of pneumatic control unit. And it also put forward the functional design thinking of the special hand for grabbing concavo-convex objects with different smooth-curved surface, including auto-positioning, auto-grabbing, automatic posture adjusting and automatic anti-falling protection.
Adaptive Neural Output Feedback Controller Design With Reduced-Order Observer for a Class of Uncertain Nonlinear SISO Systems

An adaptive output feedback control is studied for uncertain nonlinear single-input-single-output systems with partial unmeasured states. In the scheme, a reduced-order observer (ROO) is designed to estimate those unmeasured states. By employing radial basis function neural networks and incorporating the ROO into a new backstepping design, an adaptive output feedback controller is constructively developed. A prominent advantage is its ability to balance the control action between the state feedback and the output feedback. In addition, the scheme can be still implemented when all the states are not available. The stability of the closed-loop system is guaranteed in the sense that all the signals are semiglobal uniformly ultimately bounded and the system output tracks the reference signal to a bounded compact set. A simulation example is given to validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
A dynamic neural network model of self-organized criticality in neuronal avalanches

Self-organized criticality is one of the key mechanisms to explain the emergence of complexity in natural systems, which has been demonstrated in many physical systems. Recently, physiological experiments reported the convincing evidence that the spontaneous activity in brain cortex exhibited neuronal avalanches, which provided that self-organized criticality also play a crucial role in brain. The scientific problem for theoretical works is to analyze the dynamic mechanism of self-organized criticality in the neurosystem. A neural network model, based on the dynamic neurons and synaptic transmissions properties, was developed in this paper. Through the discussion of the balance between the excitatory and inhibitory neurons, the dynamic synaptic transmission process, synaptic plasticity and the temporal connecting structure due to the synaptic delay, we discussed the probable dynamic mechanisms in neuronal avalanches and the difference of the mechanisms of self-organized criticality between the neurosystem and other systems.
A Dynamic and Self-Adaptive TCP-Friendly Congestion Control Mechanism in Next-Generation Networks

TCP-friendly congestion control is the key technique in next-generation-networks. An effective congestion control which uses the predominance of dynamic thresholds self- adaptive TCP-friendly congestion control (DATFCC) is proposed. The size of the receiver buffer butter was dynamically adjusted according to the state of the networks, the dropping probability was determined by the type and the size of the flows. It can keep multimedia flows available share bandwidth fairly with TCP flow. Network simulator (NS) simulation results show that the proposed DATFCC algorithm outperforms TCP-friendly rate control protocol and the TCP NewReno in terms of rate smoothness and fairness to TCP flows. It really improves routers' ability on network congestion control in IP network.
Correlation Analysis of Spatio-temporal NDVI, Air Temperature, Precipitation, and Ground Temperature in the Bayinbuluk Grassland

In the Bayinbuluk Grassland of China, the growth status of vegetation is directly concerned with the productivity of stockbreeding. NOAA/AVHRR is an important means of monitoring the growth of vegetation in that region. Through a statistical analysis of 20 years NOAA/AVHRR images-extracted NDVI, we find that the area of vegetation cover is unsteadily expanding. Through the year- and month-scaled correlation analysis of spatio-temporal NDVI, air temperature, precipitation, and ground temperature, we find that air temperature and shallow ground temperature are two dominated factors of promoting vegetation growth in the Bayinbuluk Grassland. Again, the thawing frozen earth affects ground temperature and enriches soil water for promoting vegetation growth. This paper gives us some evidence of Bayinbuluk Grassland ecological changes by building relations of spatio-temporal NDVI and the climate factors like air temperature, precipitation, and ground Temperature.
3-D simulation of geometrical variations impact on nanoscale FinFETs

Intra-die fluctuations in the nanoscale CMOS technology emerge inherently to geometrical variations such as line edge roughness (LER) and oxide thickness fluctuations (OTF). A full 3-D statistical simulation is presented to investigate the impact of geometrical variations on the FinFETs performance. In this work, roughness is introduced by a Fourier analysis of the power spectrum of Gaussian autocorrelation function. The influence of different geometrical variation sources is compared and summarized. The results shows that FinFETs performance is most sensitive to the fin LER, which causes a remarkable shift and fluctuations in threshold voltage, drain induced barrier lower effect (DIBL) and leakage current. The impact of gate LER follows that of fin LER. The simulation also suggests quantum confinement effect accounts for the aggressive fluctuations due to fin LER.
An effective computer aided diagnosis system using B-Mode and color Doppler flow imaging for breast cancer

To improve the diagnostic accuracy of breast ultrasound classification, a novel computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system based on B-Mode and color Doppler flow imaging is proposed. Several new features are modeled and extracted from the static images and color Doppler image sequences to study blood flow characteristics. Moreover, we proposed a novel classifier ensemble strategy for obtaining the benefit of mutual compensation of classifiers with different characteristics. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed CAD system can improve the true-positive and decrease the false positive detection rate, which is useful for reducing the unnecessary biopsy and death rate.
A new current mode fuzzy logic controller with extended state observer for DC-to-DC converters

This paper introduces a new fuzzy logic controller (FLC) using inductor current feedback to improve the dynamic performance of DC-to-DC converters. Based on the feedback of the inductor current, the new control method combines the merits of both the conventional FLC and current mode control. Therefore, the dynamic performance of power converter system is significantly improved. Furthermore, in order to eliminate the influence of load variation, extended state observer (ESO) is developed. By using ESO, the influence of load disturbances is accurately estimated and compensated. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed methods ensure good robustness under supply voltage changes, load current variation, and reference voltage changes. Substantial improvement of dynamic performances such as small overshoot, more damping and fast transient response is also achieved.
A High-Frequency Dual-Channel Isolated Resonant Gate Driver With Low Gate Drive Loss for ZVS Full-Bridge Converters

As switching frequency increases, to reduce the gate drive loss combined with the zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) technique is meaningful for the widely used full-bridge (FB) converters. A dual-channel isolated resonant gate driver (RGD) is proposed in this paper. The proposed RGD is able to provide two isolated complementary drive signals for a pair of power MOSFETs in one bridge leg. Furthermore, the proposed RGD reduces about 79% gate drive loss compared to the conventional voltage source driver (VSD). In addition, the negative gate drive voltage provided by the proposed RGD prevents the false trigger problem in the FB converters. The comparison to the conventional VSDs demonstrates the power loss reduction achieved by the proposed RGD. The principle of operation and optimum design of the proposed RGD are given in detail. A 200-VDC input, 48-V/20-A output, and 500-kHz phase-shift ZVS FB converter with the proposed RGD was built to verify the advantages and efficiency improvement.
Chaotic recurrence characteristics analysis of information entropy of gas-liquid two phase flow image

Based on the high speed camera collection of three kinds of flow patterns between tube bundles of images ,extracting flow patterns image of information entropy sequence, used the recurrence analytic method to study the gas-liquid two phase flow different flow pattern and transitional flow dynamics characteristics of type entropy sequence. The results of the study indicate that: entropy sequence of recursive structure is different of different flow pattern image. Transitional flow type image of entropy sequence recursive structure evolve the change process flow pattern clearly. The recurrence structure plot of information entropy sequence can reflect the flow pattern evolution mechanism well, and the recurrence characteristic quantity is sensitive along with the gas phase conversion speed of flow change, provides a kind of auxiliary tool for the study of gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern.
Discussion on Static calculation and Regulatory Process of a Combination Mooring System

Accurate analysis of mooring system is one of the key issues in exploitation of platforms for deep water. In this paper, the depth of analysis about this combination mooring system is illustrated base on mechanical analysis and geometry, the consequences are obtained by MATLAB mathematical software, and then develop the mooring system analysis model. Focusing on the analysis of the critical situation of anchors and anchor chain in this mooring system then present regulatory process to ensure the system work well has important significance in practice.
Boosting Deep Learning Risk Prediction with Generative Adversarial Networks for Electronic Health Records

The rapid growth of Electronic Health Records (EHRs), as well as the accompanied opportunities in Data-Driven Healthcare (DDH), has been attracting widespread interests and attentions. Recent progress in the design and applications of deep learning methods has shown promising results and is forcing massive changes in healthcare academia and industry, but most of these methods rely on massive labeled data. In this work, we propose a general deep learning framework which is able to boost risk prediction performance with limited EHR data. Our model takes a modified generative adversarial network namely ehrGAN, which can provide plausible labeled EHR data by mimicking real patient records, to augment the training dataset in a semi-supervised learning manner. We use this generative model together with a convolutional neural network (CNN) based prediction model to improve the onset prediction performance. Experiments on two real healthcare datasets demonstrate that our proposed framework produces realistic data samples and achieves significant improvements on classification tasks with the generated data over several stat-of-the-art baselines.
Digital capacitor charge balance control strategy of bidirectional DC/DC converter in DC microgrid

DC microgrids (MGs) have many potential advantages compared with AC microgrids, which have attracted more and more attention in recent years. However, DC bus voltage control of these systems can be an important issue undergoing the power surplus or deficit. An energy buffer in the DC MG powered by the bidirectional DC/DC converter with energy storage systems (ESS) such as super capacitor were investigated. In this paper, a novel hybrid control algorithm based on capacitor charge balance control (CBC) for the bidirectional DC/DC converter to achieve near-optimal dynamic performance is presented. A hybrid control strategy is proposed in order to make the DC MG recover from a sudden bus current step change with the smallest voltage deviation in the shortest settling time. And a set of equations are developed to design the proposed hybrid controller. The effectiveness and the fast transient performance of the proposed hybrid approach has been verified by PSIM simulation results.