nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Robotic cognitive map building based on biology-inspired memory

This paper describes a cognitive map building system based on episodic memory for mobile robots. Inspired by the biological findings on the mammalian hippocampus, we proposed a novel method of episodic memory modeling which including a sequence of experienced observations, neutral states, behaviors and pose perceptions. The presented method can autonomously and incrementally learn the environmental experiences to construct cognitive map and realize the accumulation, integration and updating of experiences. Based on the memory model, we applied a new approach to the problem of Simultaneous Localization and Map (SLAM), inspired by computational models of hippocampus of rodents, we built the cognitive map inspired by biological memory in an office. Experimental results show that the system can work very well.
Mining fuzzy rules based on pattern trees

We develop a method to construct a fuzzy rule-based classifier which makes use of the pattern trees and Axiomatic Fuzzy Set (AFS) theory. The AFS framework supports a way on how to convert the information present in databases into the membership functions and their fuzzy logic operations. A selection index used for quantifying the discriminatory capabilities of the fuzzy concept was proposed. Being guided by the selection index, the antecedents of the fuzzy rules are selected from the fuzzy concepts which are found when using the pattern trees. The performance of the proposed classifier is compared with the results produced by classifiers commonly encountered in the literature when using ten datasets taken from the UCI Machine Learning Repository. It has been found that the accuracy on test data is higher than the ones produced by the other classifiers.
Adaptive Persistence Utilizing Motion Compensation for Ultrasound Images

Persistence, also called temporal averaging, takes the weighted average between successive image frames to reduce the ultrasound speckle noise. Conventional methods apply persistence coefficients as a function of two image pixels at the same location of two successive frames that always make structure blurring during tissue movement. In this paper we apply the motion analysis technique in a way of compensating the internal tissue motions to have accurate image registration such that the persistence works at the right spatial positions without blurring the tissue structure. To meet the real-time requirement of ultrasound imaging, we use the sum-absolute-difference based block matching method for local motion estimation, followed by motion dependent persistence averaging. In vivo tests show that our method can increase signal-to-noise ratio of imaging and also present better edge differentiation in structure regions
Improved Methods for Initializing R-Q Model Parameters and Quantization Parameter in H.264 Rate Control

Rate control plays an important role in video coding and transmission. Current initialization of Quantization Parameter (QP) in H.264 rate control takes the same value for images with different complexity as long as the bit number per pixel is the same which is different from the real-world situation. In this paper, we propose a new R-Q model and QP initializing method to improve the precision of rate control. In this method, the quantization parameter and R-Q model parameters are calculated from the first two frames of video sequence. Some formulas are presented to implement the process in this paper. Experimental results show that the output bit rate achieved by our proposed one is more close to the target bit rate while the reconstructed quality is comparable with low computing complexity.
Design of a New Type of Hysteresis Compensator Based on Sliding Mode Principle

Aiming at a kind of typical dynamic hysteresis model which can be used to describe hysteresis characteristic of piezoceramic actuator, a new kind of hysteretic compensating control strategy based on sliding mode principle is proposed. The sliding mode compensator can transform the practical hysteretic characteristic into an ideal hysteretic characteristic effectively. Then, the multi-valued nonlinear mapping can be transferred to a single-valued linear mapping. The simulation results show the validity of the sliding mode compensator for the hysteretic characteristic
Evaluation of Region Water Resources Carrying Capacity Based on Set Pair Analysis Technology

To solve the descent of groundwater level in Sanjiang Plain, taking Hongxinglong branch of Heilongjiang Land Reclamation bureau as an example, the water resources carrying capacity of 12 farms in the area were evaluated by set pair analysis technology. The results indicated that the water resources carrying capacity of 291 and Jiangchuan farms were in grade III, Raohe farm between grade II and III, 853 and Baoshan farms in grade II, Youyi and 597 farms between grade I and II, and 852, Shuangyashan, Shuguang, Beixing and Hongqiling farms in grade I. The results reflected the exploitation and utilization degree of region groundwater resources, and provided basis for the restoration and scientific management of groundwater resources in Hongxinglong branch and even Sanjiang Plain.
A ZVS PWM control strategy with balanced capacitor current for half-bridge three-level DC/DC converter

The capacitor current would be imbalanced under the conventional control strategy in the half-bridge three-level (HBTL) DC/DC converter due to the effect of the output inductance of the power supply and the input line inductance, which would affect the converter's reliability. This paper proposes a pulse-wide modulation (PWM) strategy composed of two operation modes for the HBTL DC/DC converter, which can realize the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) for the efficiency improvement. In addition, a capacitor current balancing control is proposed by alternating the two operation modes of the proposed ZVS PWM strategy, which can eliminate the current imbalance among the two input capacitors. Therefore, the proposed control strategy can improve the converter's performance and reliability in: 1) reducing the switching losses and noises of the power switches; 2) balancing the thermal stresses and lifetimes among the two input capacitors. Finally, the simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the proposed control strategy.
An Efficient Mining Model for Global Frequent Closed Itemsets

In this paper we address the problem of mining frequent closed itemsets in a highly distributed setting. At present, many sequential algorithms have been proposed for mining frequent closed itemsets. However, very little work has been done in discovering frequent closed itemsets in distributed environment. In this paper , an efficient mining model for global frequent closed itemsets is presented, which first analyzes distributed setting from three aspects, and then presented two mining algorithms under corresponding distributed setting. Finally experimental results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the model.
Effect of heat affected zone on the mechanical properties of copper bonding wire

Wire bonding as one of the dominant interconnection technologies is gradually predominated by copper wire as a result of higher performance with lower cost than gold wire. Heat affected zone (HAZ) was formed due to the thermal conductivity during wire melting and free air ball (FAB) solidifying for ball bonding. The influence of the grain growth and recrystallization accompanied with HAZ formation would make the HAZ properties significantly different from that of thermally stable zone. However, it is still unclear how the material properties change with the HAZ. In the present study, mechanical properties of HAZ affected by different electronic flame-off (EFO) parameters were investigated. The length of HAZ was identified based on the results of micro-Vicker hardness as well as the grain size change from SEM micrographs. A patent-pending design of silicon clamp, which was fabricated with lithography and deep reactiveion etching (DRIE), was used to conduct the tensile test of HAZ. Deflection test was employed to accurately measure the Young's modulus of the HAZ using the nano-indenter tip. The beam length was controlled by the silicon clamps in the range of the length of HAZ ± 10 μm to make sure the Young's modulus was taken from the HAZ. The copper samples without EFO were used as control in the mechanical tests for comparison. The average of Young's modulus for the control sample was 149 GPa while the Young's modulus of the HAZ is 110 GPa. No notable difference in Young's modulus was observed among the HAZ samples made under different EFO settings.
A new method of on-site radiated emission measurement of train based on Blind Source Separation

In this paper, we present a new method of on-site radiated emission measurement of train. This method is based on Blind Source Separation(BSS) which the prior knowledge of the source signals and transmission channels are unknown. By processing the received multi-channel mixed data, the source signals can be extracted only via two hypothetical conditions (statistical independence and non-gaussianity) in the complex electromagnetic environment under the influence of background noise and interference signal. It has been verified by the simulation that this method can effectively weaken the influence of external interference and improve the accuracy of the measurement which has great value to ensure the safe operation of train.
Analyzing the Self-similarity of the TCP Bulk Flow

This paper analyzed the actual TCP's bulk flow in a simple topological network with different parameters statistically, studied the self-similarity of their stable flow. The results indicated that the TCP bulk flow in 10BaseT networks is quite stable, does not present the burst and the self-similarity. But in 100BaseTx networks, the TCP bulk flow presents the burst and the self-similarity obviously, its self-similarity degree closely correlates to the communications mode and the buffer size of the network interface cards. Under the similar condition, the self-similarity of the full duplex TCP bulk flows is more significant than its of the half duplex TCP bulk flows, meanwhile, the less buffer the network interface card has, the more significant self-similarity and burst the TCP bulk traffic presents.
100 MW Peak Power Picosecond Laser Based on Hybrid End-Pumped Nd:YVO4 and Side-Pumped Nd:YAG Amplifiers

A mode-locked fiber laser with pulse duration of 4.8 ps and repetition rate of 30 kHz is amplified by end-pumped Nd:YVO<sub>4</sub> amplifiers and side-pumped Nd:YAG amplifiers. The output power is amplified up to 31.8 W, achieving a pulse peak power of more than 100 MW and a gain of 59 dB. The beam quality is well preserved with <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX"> ${M^2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> factor of 1.26, based on the method of aberration self compensation. The laser beam size in amplifiers is optimized to prevent the unwanted damage due to the high pulse peak power density by using two different types of pumping scheme. It is demonstrated to be an ideal laser source for higher harmonic generation due to high peak power and good beam quality.
Modeling and Simulation of Bidding Activities of Power Generation Companies by Multi-agent

In the power market which is introduced competition, a power generation company as an unattached economic entity needs to determine the optimal bidding strategy in order to get the most income. In allusion to this problem, power generation companies’ bidding behavior is modeled and simulated on Repast platform with an idea of Multi-Agent which combines both theories of game and complex adaptive system. The developed model is an incomplete information game model in which each agent (player) can accumulate experience gained during its competition bidding and modify its predict function at every bidding so as to get the maximal payoff. Self-learning ability and alternating behavior of the population of power generation companies are both taken into account. The simulation results show the presented modeling and simulation method are effective and RePast platform is an effective tool for power market simulation research.
Rural Drinking Water Quality Health Risk in Rain City District of Ya'an, China

The purpose of this study was to assess exposure to unsafe rural drinking water quality which is the core problem of rural drinking water safety and evaluate the risk of rural drinking water quality among the Rain City District of Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China population. The study calculated the carcinogenic risk (R) and non-carcinogenic risk (hazard index, HI) by applying the health risk model recommended by the US National Research Council of National Academy of Science. Then, taking advantage of the geo-statistic spatial analysis function of ArcGIS, this study analyzed the assessment result data (R and HI), selected the proper interpolation approach and educed R and HI spatial distribution maps in the study area. The following conclusions can be drawn: most of the cancerous risk indexes belong to the unsafe extension, the main carcinogen in water sources were As, Cr6+ and Pb, their concentrations are in the ranges of 0.004-0.005, 0.0005-0.015, 0.01mg/l respectively; the measured concentration values of fluoride, As, Hg and Nitrate of all the 12 water sources didn't exceed Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality of WHO (Third Edition, 2008) limit values; the total non-cancerous risk of No.1-8 and 12 of all the 12 drinking water source investigation sites exceeded the drinking water management standard value of EPA (the limit value is 1), exceeded up to about 1.109-2.373 times. Hence there were tendency of producing non-carcinogenic, chronic and poisoning effects on drinking crowd, about 105757 residents are exposed to such drinking water environment. The effective way of decreasing the health risk and hazard was to control and dispose the rural drinking water containing Fe, Mn, fluoride, Hg, Cd, Cr6+ and Nitrate. The results provided important information of water quality control and the early warning for rural drinking water.
Comparative Deep Learning of Hybrid Representations for Image Recommendations

In many image-related tasks, learning expressive and discriminative representations of images is essential, and deep learning has been studied for automating the learning of such representations. Some user-centric tasks, such as image recommendations, call for effective representations of not only images but also preferences and intents of users over images. Such representations are termed hybrid and addressed via a deep learning approach in this paper. We design a dual-net deep network, in which the two sub-networks map input images and preferences of users into a same latent semantic space, and then the distances between images and users in the latent space are calculated to make decisions. We further propose a comparative deep learning (CDL) method to train the deep network, using a pair of images compared against one user to learn the pattern of their relative distances. The CDL embraces much more training data than naive deep learning, and thus achieves superior performance than the latter, with no cost of increasing network complexity. Experimental results with real-world data sets for image recommendations have shown the proposed dual-net network and CDL greatly outperform other state-of-the-art image recommendation solutions.
Optimal Design for DOT NET Based E-commerce Website

Since the important features of e-commerce Web sites are to meet the various needs of customs and easy to be operated, the response time of e-commerce Web sites should be short. In order to realize the prompt responsibility, several ways to enhance the performance of ASP.NET based E-commerce Web sites are proposed in this article. At first, an efficient global system structure called distributed N layer structure is brought in this article. Then the author analyzes the optimization technique of four different layers, which are business presentation layer, business logic layer, data access layer and data tier respectively in detail. Finally this article gives some practical advices to the Web sites compilers to improve the responsibility.
Study on fuel economy performance of HEV based on powertrain test bed

This paper introduces the configuration and design of powertrain test bed of dual-motor hybrid system, based on the test bed, optimazing the torque distribution control strategy of hybrid control system of B70HEV. The result of test proves that the optimized hybrid control strategy based on the powertrain test bed improves the fuel economy performance obviously; it also provides a convenient and dependable development platform.
A fast template matching algorithm based on central moments of images

This paper presents a new template matching algorithm in which the central moments are used as the matching features and the idea of integral image are used to decrease the time for image matching process. The algorithm also combines coarse-fine two-stage searching methods to effectively solve the problem of finding the peak point of the correlation functions accurately and robustly. It is different with traditional methods in which pixels are used as matching features. Experiment results show that the image process procedure can be finished within 40 ms, which is the rate of image signal send from TV camera for real time object tracking. The results has broad applications in the fields of real time moving object tracking, pattern recognition and the machine vision, etc.
Ripple Field AC Losses in 10-MW Wind Turbine Generators With a MgB2 Superconducting Field Winding

Superconducting (SC) synchronous generators are proposed as a promising candidate for 10-20-MW direct-drive wind turbines because they can have low weights and small sizes. A common way of designing an SC machine is to use SC wires with high current-carrying capability in the dc field winding and the ac armature winding is made with copper conductors. In such generators, the dc field winding is exposed to ac magnetic field ripples due to space harmonics from the armature. In generator design phases, the ac loss caused by these ripple fields needs to be evaluated to avoid local overheating and an excessive cooling budget. To determine the applicability of different design solutions in terms of ac losses, this paper estimates the ac loss level of 10-MW wind generator designs employing a MgB2 SC field winding. The effects on ac losses are compared between nonmagnetic and ferromagnetic teeth with different numbers of slots per pole per phase. The necessity of an electromagnetic shield is then discussed based on the obtained loss levels. The results show that the total ac loss is so small that ferromagnetic teeth can be applied in the generator design without using an electromagnetic shield.
Analysis and Minimization of Detent End Force in Linear Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines

In this paper, the end forces caused by the longitude end effects in linear permanent magnet synchronous machines (LPMSMs) are analyzed and minimized. First, the left/right-end forces are calculated based on an analytical model and the Maxwell stress tensor, in which the optimal integration surfaces are investigated. Then, based on the spectrum analysis of the left/right-end forces, two different methods are adopted to minimize the fundamental and high-order harmonics, respectively. The optimal length of the primary iron is obtained from the phase difference of the fundamental and a two-step iteration instead of the trial-and-error with the finite element method. Furthermore, step-skewed auxiliary irons are added to the primary end to eliminate the high-order harmonics. Third, to reduce the secondary end effect when the primary moves to the secondary end, a compensation method of adding mirror permanent magnet is proposed and good results are obtained. Finally, an LPMSM prototype is manufactured and experiments are conducted. The experimental results verify the theoretical study.
Realization of adaptive fuzzy neural networks intelligence coordination control system on DCS

DCS provides a powerful hardware and software platform for advanced control for its popularity and improvement. To take full advantage of DCS system, this paper proposes an adaptive fuzzy-neural controller considering of the characteristics of the complex industrial processes. It focuses on the hybrid learning algorithm of adaptive fuzzy and neural network. It uses the interface and programming language of DCS to study the advanced control, and comprises of artificial intelligence, expert system, and fuzzy neural network control. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is illustrated through simulation and the practical usage of complex in resistance furnace temperature control system. It is proven its feasibility and achieves satisfactory control effect.
Relaxed stability and stabilization conditions for a class of switched fuzzy discrete systems

This paper introduces a innovated representation model, namely, a discrete-time switched fuzzy (DTSF) system, which differs from existing ones. In this model, a system is a switched system whose subsystems are all discrete-time Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems. This class of systems can often more precisely describe continuous dynamics and discrete dynamics as well as their interactions in complex real-world systems, and then the systems can be designed switching law intelligently, which is to choose the subsystem whose behavior is the best according to some performance criterion. Then in this paper, the state feedback controllers for the proposed DTSF systems are built to ensure that the relevant closed-loop system is quadratically stable using switching technique and the multiple Lyapunov functions method. Finally, switching laws of the state-dependent form achieving system quadratic stability of the switched fuzzy system are given. The main conditions are given in form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which are easily solvable. The elaborated illustrative examples and the respective simulation experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Strategies for the fault-tolerant current control of a multiphase machine under open phase conditions

Multiphase machines have higher reliability than 3-phase machines. In order to produce smooth torque after one or more phases are open circuit, the stator Magnetic Motive Force (MMF) is kept unchanged. This paper presents fault-tolerant current control strategies of a concentrated winding multiphase machine under open-circuited fault conditions. In a concentrated winding multiphase machine, other current harmonics can be injected to improve the flux distribution as well as torque density. Both phase currents and winding configurations are taken into consideration to keep the harmonics of stator MMF unchanged after the fault occurrence. In the high phase order machine, with Lagrange Method, the remaining phase currents commands are solved when the copper losses are minimized by neglecting some higher-order harmonics of MMF. A detailed discussion and simulation of the strategies are included. FEA Simulation results of torque ripple and power loss are presented for the verification of the control methods.