nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and Laser Amplification Behavior of Yb3+/Al3+ Co-Doped Photonic Crystal Fiber

Yb<sup>3+</sup>/Al<sup>3+</sup> co-doped silica glass with the composition of 0.1Yb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-1Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-98.9SiO<sub>2</sub> was prepared by sol-gel method combined with high-temperature sintering. Using this glass as active core, a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with 105-μm core was fabricated by the stack-capillary-draw technology. The refractive index fluctuation of this core rod is as low as 2 × 10-4, implying that highly homogenous silica preform can be realized in this method. Furthermore, this PCF achieved a maximum amplified power of 255 W, with a slope efficiency of 65.7%. It indicates that Yb<sup>3+</sup>-doped silica preform prepared by the sol-gel method can be employed in the field of high-power laser.
Study on Geo-environment load capacity evaluation: With a case study in Longquan Mountain of Chengdu

Geo-environment load capacity is used to measure the potentiality of geo-environment to undertake human's impact and change. Its evaluation is an integration assessment of geo-environment frangibility and geological hazards susceptibility. This paper is mainly to introduce the geo-environment load capacity evaluation method and make a case study in Longquan Mountain of Chengdu. The results shows the region which is plain or shallow hills along the each side of Longquan Mountain is considered to have a highest load capacity, the region which is middle hill or deep hill along the Longquan mountain two sides is considered to have a higher load capacity, the region which is deep hill or low mountain is considered to have a ordinary load capacity and the region which is the low mountain in the middle part of Longquan Mountain and deep hill on the southeast side of Longquan Mountain is considered to have a poor load capacity.
Research of Signal Denoising Algorithm Based on Wavelet Threshold

To overcome the shortcomings of hard threshold method and soft threshold method of wavelet threshold based signal denoising, a new threshold function is presented in this paper. This function combines hard threshold function and soft threshold function, which has good mathematical properties and physical significance. It can be used in various cases of denoising by selecting suitable parameters. Simulation results and comparative studies show that this method is superior to the hard threshold method and soft threshold method, and it has obvious effect on signal denoising.
An Implementation of Android-Based Mobile Virtual Instrument for Telematics Applications

Telematics applications are established a vehicle communication environment to merge the information for the traffic safety, road navigation, remote business, A/V entertainment, etc. However, the researches between Google-Android mobile and OBD II/CAN Bus are rarely been discussed in the Android APP. This paper aims to implement an Android-based mobile device platform that successfully program CAN-Bus driver, which could correctly read the data on the ECUs in the vehicle. The results are graphically displayed as a virtual instrument on the mobile panel.
Evaluation of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Sitting Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

The construction of charging station is a major component of electric vehicle market operation and the comprehensive evaluation of a location is an important part for the construction of charging station. In this article, on the basis of analyzing the traditional site selection program evaluation method, fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is proposed to evaluate the electric vehicle charging station sitting programs, also the evaluation model algorithms are given, wishing to achieve the optimal program. The judgment hierarchy of electric vehicle charging station sitting is constructed, divided into three levels, including 4 first-class factors of evaluation and 14 second-class factors of evaluation. The example analysis results indicate that this fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method can make charging station sitting more reasonable and scientific.
An improved method of adaptive Kalman filtering for vehicular kinematic positioning

Due to the fact that the traditional Kalman filtering has difficulties in determining dynamic noise and observation noise in the application of vehicular GPS dynamic positioning, an improved adaptive Kalman filter algorithm is put forward for GPS dynamic positioning in this paper. The proposed algorithm has the ability of making a real-time correction on the parameters of system noise, avoiding the filter divergence during the traditional Kalman filtering. In addition, it overcomes the problems caused by the variable dimensions of the system positioning state. Experiment results have demonstrated the outstanding adaptive ability of the improved Kalman filter.
Realistic real-time rendering of human face with environment lighting

Instead of simple point or area lights for illuminating human face in most rendering methods, we aim to render the appearance of human face influenced by surrounding environment lighting in some real scenes. In this paper, we accurately approximate the specular reflection by using the Kelemen/Szirmay-Kalos reflectance model and ten varying specular parameters over the whole face. Also, subsurface scattering can be well simulated with linear sum of Gaussian blurring in real-time. Further, we use the stretch-map texture to correct UV distortion problem result from blurring in the texture-space. Considering the environment lighting influence to appearance of human face, we use spherical harmonics to represent environment lighting and a quick occlusion approach to obtain a much more realistic rendering of human face, which make the human face look much more natural according to surroundings.
Tesla-charged Blumlein high-power generator

A repetitive 0.5 MV Tesla-charged oil-filled Blumlein pulsed power generator, with an overall energy efficiency approaching 90%, has been successfully developed by the Pulsed Power Group at Loughborough University. Using the in-house filamentary modeling technique and a detailed electrostatic analysis, the major parameters of the Tesla transformer are obtained, allowing a very accurate modeling of the unit. The design procedure for the Blumlein generator is also presented, together with the wide-bandwidth embedded sensors used for monitoring the dynamic characteristics of the overall system. Experimental results obtained during this major experimental program are compared with theoretical predictions and the way ahead is briefly introduced.
A new low-complexity subblock segmentation method for PTS OFDM

The algorithm of Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS) technique has high computational complexity in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system. In this paper, a new low-complexity combined subblock segmentation method for PTS OFDM is proposed. For analytic purposes, we derive computational complexity expressions for the proposed segmentation method and analyze the computational complexity of the proposed segmentation method compared with that of the random segmentation method which has the best Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) reduction performance. The simulation results show that the PAPR reduction performance is degraded only slightly compared with random segmentation method.
Effects of sub-gate bias on the operation of Schottky-barrier SOI MOSFETs having nano-scale channel

The characteristics of a novel nano-scale silicon-on-insulator (SOI) device featuring silicide Schottky source/drain and field-induced S/D extensions induced by a sub-gate were investigated. The new device exhibits unique and high-performance bi-channel operation capability. In this work, particular attention was paid to the effects of subgate bias on the device operation. It is shown that the applied sub-gate voltage not only increases the on-state current, but also effectively suppresses the off-state leakage. Extremely high on/off current ratio (>10/sup 9/) has thus been obtained. Dependences of sub-gate bias on sub-threshold swing and threshold-voltage roll-off characteristics were also explored.
Dynamic Resource Allocation for Real-Time Services in Cooperative OFDMA Systems

We investigate the resource allocation problem in heterogeneous cooperative OFDMA systems. In contrast to existing literature, which mainly focuses on best effort (BE) services or non-real-time (nRT) services, we consider real-time (RT) services with strict delay and rate requirements. Exploiting the wireless channel and queue information, a utility-based optimization problem is formulated for dynamic subcarrier allocation and relay selection supporting mixed BE and RT services. An efficient heuristic algorithm is proposed to solve the problem and simulation results show that our algorithm can effectively improves average delay performance and RT services support.
An accurate and efficient face recognition method based on hash coding

To improve the efficiency in face recognition with highdimension features extracted from deep model, a fast recognition method based on hash coding is proposed. Different from others, the hash coding and the cascade network are designed for a two-stage face recognition. Firstly, the low-dimensional and high-dimensional features are extracted according to different models. Secondly, the low-dimensional features are quantized into hash codes by a piecewise function. And then, the first-identify is completed by calculating hamming distance between the hash codes. Finally, the second-identify is completed by calculating cosine distance between the high-dimensional features of face images after the first-identify. The experimental results show that the method proposed can improve the Rank-1 recognition efficiency up to 64% while the accuracy is the same as VGG.
Enhancing Sketch-Based Image Retrieval by Re-Ranking and Relevance Feedback.

A sketch-based image retrieval often needs to optimize the tradeoff between efficiency and precision. Index structures are typically applied to large-scale databases to realize efficient retrievals. However, the performance can be affected by quantization errors. Moreover, the ambiguousness of user-provided examples may also degrade the performance, when compared with traditional image retrieval methods. Sketch-based image retrieval systems that preserve the index structure are challenging. In this paper, we propose an effective sketch-based image retrieval approach with re-ranking and relevance feedback schemes. Our approach makes full use of the semantics in query sketches and the top ranked images of the initial results. We also apply relevance feedback to find more relevant images for the input query sketch. The integration of the two schemes results in mutual benefits and improves the performance of the sketch-based image retrieval.
A dual local-extra development pattern for knowledge intensive business services within industrial cluster of China: Empirical studies from Zhejiang province

During the past years, there has been a significant increase in the attention on the activities of knowledge-intensive business services. In order to better understand KIBS within clusters, especially in developing countries, this paper firstly discusses the classification of KIBS within cluster innovation systems by given the types of KIBS in clusters in detail, and then points out a dual local-extra development pattern for Knowledge intensive business services within industrial cluster of China by empirical analysis on Zhejiang hardware cluster.
Study of fabricating functional nanostructure through combined with molecular assembly

In any way, it is difficult to fabricate a functional nanostructure, especially for the research and development of devices. Arranging atoms, molecules to establish a device structure, named the way of bottom-up, represents a direction along which might be with the advantages of low-cost, easy to control and flexible for forming the structure. At present molecular assembly has been found the very important role in the way of bottom-up. The combination of molecular assembly and other fabrication techniques, e.g., lithography, is the first stage of the bottom-up to fabricate the functional structures of devices. Herein we present our efforts to make the electrodes with the feature of nanogap, the preliminary results of the arrangement of nanoparticles within the gap of the electrodes and the assembly of biomolecules on the surface of the electrode.
Gray comprehensive assessment of urbanization development in Shanxi Province

An multilevel gray evaluation method is proposed to conduct a more comprehensive assessment and analysis of the urbanization development status of Shanxi Province during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period. By confirming the achievements, identifying gaps and explicating development direction, the paper finally puts forward some suggestions for promoting the process of urbanization and some problems which are needed to be solved in Shanxi Province during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period.
Compressed sensing with corrupted participants

Compressed sensing (CS) theory promises one can recover real-valued sparse signal from a small number of linear measurements. Motivated by network monitoring with link failures, we for the first time consider the problem of recovering signals that contain both real-valued entries and corruptions, where the real entries represent transmission delays on normal links and the corruptions represent failed links. Unlike conventional CS, here a measurement is real-valued only if it does not include a failed link, and it is corrupted otherwise. We prove that O((d + 1)max(d, k) log n) nonadaptive measurements are enough to recover all n-dimensional signals that contain k nonzero real entries and d corruptions. We provide explicit constructions of measurements and recovery algorithms. We also analyze the performance of signal recovery when the measurements contain errors.
Influence of rotor eccentricity on magnetic density and core loss for induction motors

In order to investigate the influence of rotor eccentricity on magnetic density and core loss, a 55 kW induction motor was taken as an example in this paper, based on electromagnetic theory and Finite Element Method, a field-circuit coupling model was built to study magnetic density distribution and harmonic content with different eccentricity ratios under rated load conditions. The different eccentricity ratios of which values were 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% were selected to expressing the normal and different eccentricities. The magnetic density of the stator and rotor core was also researched. Furthermore, the regional core loss with various rotor eccentricity ratios was calculated accurately, through dividing the motor into seven parts. Then some experiments were carried to verify the solution model and show reasonable accuracy of calculate results. Finally, some useful conclusions could be obtained through the analyzing of eccentricity.
Product Aspect Ranking and Its Applications

Numerous consumer reviews of products are now available on the Internet. Consumer reviews contain rich and valuable knowledge for both firms and users. However, the reviews are often disorganized, leading to difficulties in information navigation and knowledge acquisition. This article proposes a product aspect ranking framework, which automatically identifies the important aspects of products from online consumer reviews, aiming at improving the usability of the numerous reviews. The important product aspects are identified based on two observations: 1) the important aspects are usually commented on by a large number of consumers and 2) consumer opinions on the important aspects greatly influence their overall opinions on the product. In particular, given the consumer reviews of a product, we first identify product aspects by a shallow dependency parser and determine consumer opinions on these aspects via a sentiment classifier. We then develop a probabilistic aspect ranking algorithm to infer the importance of aspects by simultaneously considering aspect frequency and the influence of consumer opinions given to each aspect over their overall opinions. The experimental results on a review corpus of 21 popular products in eight domains demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Moreover, we apply product aspect ranking to two real-world applications, i.e., document-level sentiment classification and extractive review summarization, and achieve significant performance improvements, which demonstrate the capacity of product aspect ranking in facilitating real-world applications.
Current Transmission Efficiency for Conical Magnetically Insulated Transmission Line on a 1.0-MV Linear Transformer Driver System

Current transmission efficiency in a conical transition magnetically insulated transmission line (MITL) has been studied experimentally on a 1.0-MV linear transformer driver system, which has 10 identical cavities connected in series with MITL. Transmission efficiencies of anode current as high as 98.4% and 93.1% could be achieved when the MITL operates at load-limited and self-limited flows, respectively. As for the cathode current, because of the sufficient length of conical transition MITL, cathode current is also able to sustain high transmission efficiency. But as long as the diode gap is too large, many of the electrons will be launched into the anode-cathode gap and the cathode current near the diode drastically decreases. Particle-in-cell simulations were conducted to validate the conclusions. The simulation results agree with experiments.
An Automatic Three-Dimensional Scene Reconstruction System Using Crowdsourced Geo-Tagged Videos

Automatic 3-D scene reconstruction is a useful technique in modern intelligent systems. Scene reconstruction from video sequences requires a selection of representative video frames. Most previous works employ the content-based techniques to automatically extract key frames. These methods take no frame geo-information into account and may be computationally heavy. In this paper, we propose a new key frame selection scheme based on the video geographic cues. Currently, an increasing number of user-generated videos are collected, which is a trend driven by the popularity of smartphones. In addition, it is convenient to acquire and fuse various sensor data (e.g., the geo-spatial metadata) for creating the geo-tagged mobile videos. Nowadays, large repositories of media content are automatically geo-tagged. Our proposed technique utilizes these underlying geo-metadata to select the most representative frames. We first eliminate irrelevant frames in which the candidate 3-D object does not appear. Then, a fixed number of key frames are selected. The criterion is that the selected key frames can maximally cover the candidate 3-D object/scene. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate the high quality of the reconstructed 3-D objects. Moreover, the execution time is reduced by 90%.
Beyond Text QA: Multimedia Answer Generation by Harvesting Web Information

Community question answering (cQA) services have gained popularity over the past years. It not only allows community members to post and answer questions but also enables general users to seek information from a comprehensive set of well-answered questions. However, existing cQA forums usually provide only textual answers, which are not informative enough for many questions. In this paper, we propose a scheme that is able to enrich textual answers in cQA with appropriate media data. Our scheme consists of three components: answer medium selection, query generation for multimedia search, and multimedia data selection and presentation. This approach automatically determines which type of media information should be added for a textual answer. It then automatically collects data from the web to enrich the answer. By processing a large set of QA pairs and adding them to a pool, our approach can enable a novel multimedia question answering (MMQA) approach as users can find multimedia answers by matching their questions with those in the pool. Different from a lot of MMQA research efforts that attempt to directly answer questions with image and video data, our approach is built based on community-contributed textual answers and thus it is able to deal with more complex questions. We have conducted extensive experiments on a multi-source QA dataset. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
On the Performance of Sparse Recovery Via lp-Minimization (0 <= p <= 1)

It is known that a high-dimensional sparse vector x* in TV can be recovered from low-dimensional measurements y = Ax* where Am×n(m <; n) is the measurement matrix. In this paper, with A being a random Gaussian matrix, we investigate the recovering ability of lp-minimization (0 ≤ p ≤ 1) as p varies, where lp-minimization returns a vector with the least lp quasi norm among all the vectors x satisfying Ax = y. Besides analyzing the performance of strong recovery where lp-minimization is re quired to recover all the sparse vectors up to certain sparsity, we also for the first time analyze the performance of "weak" recovery of lp -minimization (0 ≤ p <; 1) where the aim is to recover all the sparse vectors on one support with a fixed sign pattern. When α(:= m/n) → 1, we provide sharp thresholds of the sparsity ratio (i.e., percentage of nonzero entries of a vector) that differentiates the success and failure via lp -minimization. For strong recovery, the threshold strictly decreases from 0.5 to 0.239 as p increases from 0 to 1. Surprisingly, for weak recovery, the threshold is 2/3 for all p in [0, 1), while the threshold is 1 for l1-minimization. We also explicitly demonstrate that lp-minimization (p <; 1) can re turn a denser solution than lp-minimization. For any a G (0.1), we provide bounds of the sparsity ratio for strong recovery and weak recovery, respectively, below which lp-minimization succeeds. Our bound of strong recovery improves on the existing bounds when a is large. In particular, regarding the recovery threshold, this paper argues that lp-minimization has a higher threshold with smaller p for strong recovery; the threshold is the same for all p for sectional recovery; and lp -minimization can outperform lp-minimization for weak recovery. These are in contrast to traditional wisdom that lp-minimization, though computationally more expensive, always has better sparse recovery ability than l0 -minimization since it is closer to l1-minimization. Finally, we provide an intuitive explanation to our findings. Numerical examples are also used to un ambiguously confirm and illustrate the theoretical predictions.
The Segmentation Strategy Based on Media Demarcative Popularity

The characteristics of popularity of external and internal of streaming media and the relationship of external popularity and the number of cache replacement were analyzed. Respecting the characteristics that cache replacements are focus on a small rang of popularity, a segmentation method based on dividing popularity of streaming media, which uses smaller segments on videos replaced frequently and bigger segments on the other videos, was proposed. The experimental result shows that the segmentation method can effectively reduce the number of segments compared with the uniform segmentation method under the same conditions of the byte hit ratio.