nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
LORE: An infrastructure to support location-aware services

With the advance in wireless Internet and mobile computing, location-based services (LBS)--the capability to deliver location-aware content to subscribers on the basis of the positioning capability of the wireless infrastructure--are emerging as key value-added services that telecom operators can offer. To support efficient and effective development and deployment of innovative location-aware applications, a flexible and resilient middleware should be built as the enabling infrastructure. This paper presents the research and efforts made in the IBM China Research Laboratory toward developing an infrastructure that supports location-aware services. This infrastructure is based on a proposed location operating reference model (LORE), which addresses many major aspects of building location-aware services, including positioning, location modeling, location-dependent query processiug, tracking, and intelligent location-aware message notification. Three key components of the infrastructure--the location server, a moving object database, and a spatial publish/subscribe engine--are introduced in detail. The location server has a common location adapter framework that supports heterogeneous positioning techniques and industry-standard location application program interfaces (APIs). The moving object database manages the location stream and processes the location-based queries. The spatial publish/subscribe engine enables intelligent location-aware message notification. We also present some location-aware application demonstrations that leverage the LORE infrastructure. Part of our work has been tested in pilot projects with leading carriers in China and has been integrated into the IBM WebSphere® Everyplace® Suite.
100-MHz Low-Phase-Noise Microprocessor Temperature-Compensated Crystal Oscillator

An AT-cut third-overtone 100-MHz quartz crystal resonator was used to achieve a 100-MHz low-phase-noise voltage-controlled crystal oscillator prototype. The unloaded quality factor of the used resonator is about 132 K, and the equivalent dynamic capacitance is about 1.2 fF. For the characteristic of the large equivalent dynamic capacitance of the resonator, the design method and the actual measured data of the low-phase-noise oscillator prototype are given. An explanation of why larger equivalent dynamic capacitance and higher voltage-control sensitivity can lead to bad phase noise in half-bandwidth is given. The STM32F103RCT6 MCU is used to read the real-time data of temperature sensor of the microprocessor temperature-compensated crystal oscillator (MTCXO) and the real-time control voltage loading on the MTCXO. Therefore, the real-time communication between a personal computer and an MTCXO is achieved. The control voltage $V$ achieved in this way has already considered both the effect of the actual working condition of the MTCXO circuit and the effect of the MTCXO internal reference voltage that it is not accurate enough. After temperature compensation, the measured temperature performance of the 100-MHz low-phase-noise MTCXO are better than ±0.45 ppm/-30 °C -+50 ° C, and measured phase noise results are better than -157 dBc/Hz at 1 KHz and -170 dBc/Hz at 10 KHz.
Research on Management of Ship Concurrent Collaborative Design Based on PDM

With the development of computer technology, concurrent collaborative engineering is a promising concept to increase the competitiveness of companies. In this paper applying theory and methods of concurrent engineering and efficient coordination mechanism of collaborative design, conversion shipbuilding model, i.e. changing traditional series-wound design process to concurrent design process. The aim of converting shipbuilding mode is to enhance efficiency of shipbuilding, shorten production period, reduce cost, improve the quality of research and development and further to improve competitiveness of enterprises ship. Through analysis of ship design features and demand, remote collaborative design system integration framework PDM-based is set up. Concurrent collaborative information system is achieved by PDM software. PDM technology applied to ship product design process is key to achieve ship product definition digital information, knowledge. In addition the further research work is put forward in this paper.
Central pattern generators with biology observation for the locomotion control of hexapod robots

This paper focuses on the control of hexapod locomotion based on a model of artificial central pattern generators (CPGs). CPG-based controllers are capable of producing coordinated patterns in open loops and rhythmic activities in certain joints. However, existing methods usually have too many parameters to set and lack unified expressions to achieve desired gaits for multiple legged robots. In this contribution, biology observation and CPG modeling are employed to build the controller. Coupled nonlinear oscillators serve as the elementary unit and coupling terms are discussed to get the typical hexapod locomotion patterns. At first, we collect the locomotion date of real cockroaches Blaptica Dubia and complete some data analysis with the approach of image processing. Then modified Hopf oscillators are applied to separately control the swing phase and stance phase, and analytical formulation of coupling terms is adopted to construct the control architecture. Next, we modulate the proposed controller on the basis of three-dimensional trace of cockroaches by kinematic analysis and curve fitting. Finally, we build and control two different hexapod robots (`hexabot' and `smarbot') to confirm the validation of the approach.
Image Registration Based Wide-Field-of-View Method in Ultrasound Imaging

WFOV (wide field of view) imaging mode is designed to provide an ultrasound image over an area much larger than the real-time window normally available. This is achieved by combining a real-time image with the prior static image as the probe is scanned over a region of interest, ideally along a straight line path. The static image is updated and compounded continuously as the real time scanning continues to obtain a panorama image. Here we use image registration techniques to recover the probe motion, thus eliminating the need for the position sensor. The image registration technique we use is a three step process composed of motion estimation of local blocks between successive images, motion vectors correction after the motion estimation, and least-squares optimization to estimate the overall motion between the images. The persistence-based spatial compounding method is used for constructing the final noise-suppressed WFOV image.
Application research on construction technology of spin dig cast-in-place pile based on the spin dry homework

It is applicable to use spin dig cast-in-place concrete piles based on the spin dry homework in soil with good soil orthostatic and no groundwater in the hole. Holes can be finished without slurry-supported measures. It is formed directly with wide application. The construction of pile foundation in LSTJNO.3 of LuoYang to LuanChuan freeway was researched and analyzed in this article. Through the technology research and the common problem analysis, the corresponding methods and treatment measures were putted forward.
Research on Operating Mechanism for Ultra-Fast 40.5-kV Vacuum Switches

The continuous development of the voltage-source-converter-based multiterminal high-voltage direct-current transmission system has led to a great need for dc circuit breakers to isolate short-circuit faults in the dc side. The operating time of dc breakers is mainly dependent on the mechanical contacts separation time. In this paper, three key units of the ultra-fast operating mechanism, including drive unit, buffer unit, and holding unit were investigated. A prototype of the 40.5-kV ultra-fast vacuum switch has been developed where the Thomson-coil actuator (TCA) is used to fulfill the function of the drive unit and the buffer unit, and a bistable spring mechanism is used as the holding unit. The state equations of the bidirectional TCA used as the drive unit and buffer unit in the operating process are completed based on the equivalent circuit method and finite-element method. The experimental and simulation results of the prototype are compared and they are in good agreement as expected. Therefore, the mathematical model is verified. The factors that influence the drive unit and the buffer unit performances are discussed. The achieved operating time of the prototype is about 2.3 ms.
Sound velocity inversion in layered media with band-limited and noise-corrupted data (clinical diagnostic ultrasonics application)

With reflection data measured from two different incident angles, it is possible to make them 'nearly the same' by stretching or contracting the time axis of one of them. In this way, a correspondence is built up between the two travel times, which can be used to calculate the one-dimensional sound velocity profile of the medium. For the special case that the impulse response of the medium consists of sparse spikes, a spectral fitting procedure is developed which deconvolves the received signal, and gives the exact positions of the spikes. The stepwise sound velocity profile can then be calculated from these positions. In experimental measurements the plane wave assumption made in the analysis is not true, but this can be accommodated with some modifications of the calculation. Results of both computer simulation and of measurements are presented, indicating the validity of these processings.<<ETX>>
A Hybrid Feedforward-Feedback Hysteresis Compensator in Piezoelectric Actuators Based on Least-Squares Support Vector Machine

Hysteresis nonlinearity of piezoelectric actuators degrades the positioning accuracy of micro/nanopositioning systems. To overcome this problem, an innovative hysteresis compensator based on least-squares support vector machine (LSSVM) is proposed in this paper. First, the LSSVM hysteresis modeling is presented using nonlinear auto regressive eXogenous (NARX) structure. To compensate for the hysteresis behavior, two feedforward control schemes according to different inputs of NARX model are proposed and analyzed separately. Then, a hybrid feedforward controller combining both the control schemes is put forward to revise the model input. To further improve the tracking performance, the hybrid feedforward control combined with the feedback control is realized. The comparative study reveals the superior tracking performance of feedforward-feedback control scheme over hybrid feedforward control or feedback control. Moreover, the hybrid feedforward-feedback control scheme is capable of tracking different testing waveforms with negligible errors, which confirms the effectiveness and generalization ability of the proposed approach.
Optimization of the Supply Chain Production Planning Programming under Hybrid Uncertainties

The uncertain parameters of the supply chain production planning system mainly include the customer demand, unit product revenue, lead time and the material prices. The uncertainties may have complicated characteristics. The fuzzy grey variable was proposed to describe some uncertain parameters containing fuzzy and grey two-fold uncertain factors. The uncertain programming model of supply chain production planning system was presented under fuzzy and grey uncertain conditions. The designed fuzzy grey simulation technology and the grey simulation technology can generate input-output data to approximate the uncertain functions on the basis of the credibility measure and the chance measure of fuzzy grey variables. The designed neural network can expedite the simulation process after trained from the generated input-output data. The improved particle swarm optimization algorithm based on the differential evolution algorithm can optimize the uncertain programming models. One numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the designed model and algorithm.
Calculating method of evaluating the intelligence quality of intelligent control systems

In this paper, we emphasize the importance of evaluating the intelligence level of intelligent control systems. We bring forward the idea that the evaluating system is composed of a three tier construction: organizing level, coordinating level and executive level, and we put the intelligence calculation in the organizing level. We also put forward the index system of the intelligence evaluating system of the ICS, which comprises 5 first grade indexes (11), 17 second grade indexes (12) and 52 third grade indexes (13). And then, we give the formula to calculate the intelligent quality of the ICS. Finally we cite two examples to show the calculation of the ICS's intelligent quality
An effective technique to find a robot joint trajectory of minimum global jerk and distance

Minimum-jerk (MJ) trajectories introduce less robot vibrations and are desirable for their smooth movement, while Minimum-distance (MD) trajectories are required to limit both the expected and unexpected paths of robot manipulators. The combination of the MJ and MD trajectories provides an effective kinematic scheme for robotic applications. An approach based on time spacing optimization is developed to find the global minimum-jerk as well as minimum-distance trajectory of a robot manipulator within joint space using cubic splines, despite the fact that the manipulator dynamics as well as the obstacle avoidance are not taken into account. Cubic splines are used in a framework which guarantees the continuity of joint displacements, velocities and accelerations. Firstly, a minimax optimization problem is formulated by respecting the boundary conditions of the splines and the MJ and MD constraints. Then, the problem is solved by genetic algorithms based on time spacing analysis. After that, a global solution of the kinematic scheme is provided. Finally, a comparison is made between our results and that of an alternative MJ planner.
Fault Diagnosis Method of High Voltage Circuit Breaker based on (RBF) Artificial Neural Network

In this paper a new fault diagnosis method of high voltage (HV) circuit breaker based on (RBF) artificial neural network theory is proposed. In addition, the paper presents a modified algorithm that aims at the defect that the method above cannot study new state type. Then the algorithm is employed in (HV) circuit breaker fault diagnosis. The modified algorithm can not only recognize the aware state but also recognize and find a brand new state type that has not been stored in the table of training sample. Last but not least it has the function of recognizing new state type
Methods to Support Holon Aggregation in Holonic Manufacturing System

With the growing changes in global market, manufacturing enterprise needs more agility to fulfill customized demand. Holonic manufacturing system (HMS) has advantages of both hierarchical and heterarchical structure, and is an effective way for manufacturing enterprises to be competitive. However, interaction among a large number of holons is complex. In this paper, two methods are presented as tools for holons aggregation. These methods will facilitate coordination inside HMS and make it more effective.
Services ecosystem: towards a resilient infrastructure for on demand services provisioning in grid

The dynamic nature of the Grid environment brings challenges to the services provisioning technique. A major aspect of Grid is to match demands for services with resources. Since resources and demands are fluctuating, Grid services provisioning need to be adjusted accordingly in responding to changes. In this paper, we propose a novel approach, Grid services migration, to enabling services provisioning on demand. The major motivation is to achieve the desired Quality of Service (QoS) such as performance, reliability, and etc. of Grid services on resources assembled dynamically responding to dynamic demand. In this paper, the technical characteristics of Grid services migration and its taxonomy are introduced. The Grid service migration algorithms are also presented. The Grid services migration framework with MAPE (Monitor, Analyze, Plan, and Execute) loop is proposed based on Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA) and the prototype named Services Ecosystem, a resilient infrastructure for services provisioning on demand in Grid is developed. Demonstrations and experiments are conducted and results are presented to illustrate the capabilities of Grid services migration.
Ship 3D Collaborate Design Integration System Research

With development of information technology, traditional serial design process has not need the requirements of ship design. At first the characteristics of modern ship design and need for parallel collaborative design are analyzed. By analyzing the characteristics of 3D CAD software (Solid Works) and PDM system (Wind chill), integrated model and key technologies of the system is discussed. On the basis system integration platform through the middleware interface (Workgroup Manager for Solid Works) are built. Then ship 3D design is brought into project management. Carry on ships 3D collaborate design through key technologies such as document management and workflow management. This idea can solve information isolation problem between CAD system and PDM system and avoid unnecessary repeat works, as the same time improve the efficiency of ship design.
Chirp-Coded Pulse Excitation for Ultrasound Elasticity Imaging

We first designed two chirp-coded excitation/ compression schemes which were applied to ultrasound elasticity imaging in simulation method using Field II. The simulation results demonstrate that in low echo-signal-to-noise ratio (eSNR) conditions, the performance of chirp-coded pulse for elasticity imaging is much better than the conventional short pulse, and indicate that elastographic signal-to-noise ratio (SNRe) of strain images for chirp-coded pulse is a function of attenuation, electronic noise, applied strain, pulse length, compression filter and depth. Comparing the effects of two chirp-coded excitation/compression schemes on strain imaging, we demonstrate that under the conditions of low eSNR, the first scheme, the combination of chirp excitation pulse with window and matched compression filter, is suitable to be used in low attenuation situations, and the second scheme, the combination of chirp excitation pulse without window and mismatched compression filter, is fit to be used in high attenuation situations. Finally, we applied the second chirp-coded scheme to a real-time freehand ultrasound strain imaging system and phantom experimental results are consistent with that in simulation method.
Modeling and analysis of Buck converter based on parallel current mode control strategy

In this paper, a novel control method is introduced which refers to the concept of parallel current-mode control algorithm to obtain good dynamic performance for Buck converter undergoing a rapid load change and input voltage change. The duty cycle consisting of two terms: voltage term and current term is simple for implementation .Since there are only three additions and two multiplications. Besides, the small-signal model of parallel current-mode controlled Buck converter is presented for the design of compensator to satisfy steady and dynamic requirement of the system. The simulation not only verifies the validity of the compensation, but also demonstrates that the parallel current mode control has superior performance as compared with peak mode control.
Performance Analysis of Multiphase Induction Motor Drive

This paper analyses the mathematic model of multiphase induction motor, and the magnetic motive force generated by the harmonic currents. Compared to three phase drives, the multiphase motor drives have the advantage of performances on dead-time effect, common mode voltage, technology of non-sinusoidal source fed and reliability. A universal multi-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) is constructed and the theoretical analysis are tested on a nine phase concentrated winding induction machine. The feasibility and effectiveness of the theoretical analysis are validated by the experiment.
High-order DDFS applied in simulated high-dynamic GNSS signal synthesis

GNSS signal simulators are developed to obtain specific GNSS signal for research on satellites navigation. High-order DDFS synthesizer is need to meet the demand of reconstructing the signal with high-order characteristic states when the GNSS signal is received by a receiver installed on a vehicle with high-dynamic motion. The signal state vector with proper orders to represent the high-dynamic motion of the receiver's PCA is determined, and a guide line to choose proper DDFS parameters is provided. The implemented GNSS signal synthesizers are verified by a simulation instance. The results indicate that the state errors of synthesized signal are blow the tolerance limits of the design.
Efficient and reliable High-Level Synthesis Design Space Explorer for FPGAs

This paper presents a dedicated High-Level Synthesis (HLS) Design Space Explorer (DSE) for FPGAs. C-based VLSI design has the advantage over conventional RTL design that it allows the generation of micro-architectures with unique area vs. performance trade-offs without having to modify the original behavioral description (in this work area vs. latency). This is typically done by modifying the Functional Unit (FU) constraint file or setting different synthesis directives e.g. unroll loops or synthesize arrays as RAM or registers. The result of the design space exploration is a set of Pareto-optimal designs. In this work, we first investigate the quality of the exploration results when using the results reported after HLS (in particular the area) to guide the explorer in finding Pareto-optimal designs. We found that due to the nature of how HLS tools pre-characterize, the area and delay of basic logic primitives and the FPGAs internal structure the area results are not accurate and hence making it necessary to perform a logic synthesis after each newly generated design. This in turn leads to unacceptable long running time. This work therefore presents a dedicated DSE for FPGAs based on a pruning with adaptive windowing method to extract the design candidates to be further (logic) synthesized after HLS. The adaptive windowing is based on a learning method inspired from Rival Penalized Competitive Learning (RPCL) model in order to classify which designs need to be synthesized to find the true Pareto-optimal designs. Results show that our method leads to similar results compared to an explorer which performs a logic synthesis for each newly generated design, while being much faster.