nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Integral input-to-state stability of switched delay systems composed of unstable subsystems

This paper is concerned with the problem of integral input-to-state stability (iISS) for a class of continuous-time switched systems with time-varying delays, whose subsystems can be all unstable. By constructing a discretized multiple Lyapunov functional, the iISS for switched delay systems in nonlinear context is firstly established. Then, a special class of linear systems-bilinear switched delay systems, which can only achieve iISS instead of ISS (input-to-state stability) is considered. By resorting to polytope extremum theory, the system equation is transformed into a polytope equation. Subsequently, by using a linear interpolation formula method, sufficient computable conditions for iISS with dwell time switching are presented. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Directional Filtering Transform for Image/Intra-Frame Compression

While directional adaption is introduced into traditional transforms, different orders of two 1-D transforms will result in different results of one 2-D transform. Based upon an anisotropic image model, this paper analyzes the effect of transform orders in terms of theoretical coding gain. Our results reveal that the transform orders have little effect on the coding gain with full decomposition, good directional modes and good interpolation. However, in practical compression schemes, since high-pass bands are not decomposed fully because of the consideration on complexity, different transform orders have different coding performances, which can be solved by an adaptive transform order. Motivated by our analyzed results, a directional filtering transform (dFT, in order to distinguish from the common usage on DFT) is proposed in this paper to better exploit correlations among samples in H.264 intraframe coding. It provides an evenly distributed set of prediction modes with an adaptive transform order. Both interblock and intrablock correlations are exploited in this scheme. Experimental results in H.264 intraframe coding demonstrate its superiority both objectively and subjectively.
A new algorithm research and simulation for permanent magnet synchronous motor ac servo system

In this paper, the block diagram of the principles and the structure of the PMSM ac servo vector controlling system are described. The distinct features of the system are to replace electric current hysteresis controller with SVPWM. Besides, the paper introduces the principle of space voltage vector PWM (SVPWM) and the algorithm of SVPWM and also introduces the function of every module. Moreover, it introduces how to apply SVPWM algorithm into the computer to increase the efficiency of calculating ,and gives the Simulink simulation diagram of current and speed double closed loop. And it analyses the structure and realization method of inside modules of SVPWM system and offers the simulation waveforms of permanent-magnetic synchronous motor servo system
Implementation and results of an RCS measurement system in CATR

This paper describes the development of a fully automated measurement software for Radar Cross Section (RCS) measurements in a Compact Antenna Test Range (CATR). The measurement hardware includes an Agilent network analyzer for transmitting and receiving the microwave signals and a positioner controller to control the motion of the Styrofoam column. The software is designed to control a variety of microwave transmitter / receivers and two axis positioner controllers through the standard General Purpose interface bus (GPIB) interface. Addition of new Network Analyzers is supported through a slight modification of hardware control module. The measurement process includes calibration of CATR with a standard target e.g. aluminum sphere followed by RCS versus angle/frequency measurement of the Target Under Test (TUT). A Time-domain gating algorithm is implemented to remove the unwanted reflections and get the isolated response of TUT. The gated response of the TUT is compared with the calibration data to obtain the desired results. The data acquisition and processing is implemented in Agilent Visual Engineering Environment (VEE) and MATLAB. A variety of experimental measurements with aluminum Spheres and rectangular plates were performed to validate the accuracy of the software. A comparison of results with theoretical as well as existing commercial softwares is presented and the measured results are found to be within 0.2 dBsm.
Analysis of the factors influencing the SSRC performance

In order to find the key factors affecting the field uniformity in the source-stirred reverberation chamber (SSRC), the theory of resonators are studied and the simulation of the SSRC field structure is analyzed. The result of the field uniformity is calculated by the method of statistics. We can realize that the antenna polar direction, antenna position, the chamber quality factor and the numbers of source are the main factors to affect the filed uniformity; Simulation of the model and calculation of the result prove that the field uniformity will be achieved by altering the factors.
A RFID-based tracking system of endoscopes

The cleaning and disinfection of the endoscopes are extremely important for reducing endoscopic transmission of infections in hospitals. There have been many such cases of medical accidents reported in the history and most are caused by poor management. According to the Technical Specifications for the Cleaning and Disinfection of Endoscopes (2004) of China, this paper has presented a tracking system based on the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to provide a better management of the endoscopes. It can efficiently prevent the potential medical errors by recording and checking the current state of the endoscopes, and it can provide a better traceability of the daily operations of the endoscopes by saving the historical using, cleaning and disinfection records. Preliminary clinical application was tested in the endoscope center of a 2200-bed hospital in Hangzhou, China. The result has expectantly demonstrated that it can effectively standardize the operation procedures and reduce the medical errors. Further evaluation of its usefulness and the user satisfaction will be done in the future.
Communication security problem and solution in safety-related system

Security in control system is an important issue. To safety-related system it is more critical. A safety-security communication measure to counteract nature or intend data modification is proposed, which based on refining characters of data with MD5 approach. And to some low speed network a 2-refine approach is introduced which based on MD5 and CRC. A confidential communication to secure all the data is proposed, too. Furthermore, the key distribution approaches named KDC and DKD are introduced.
Design And Heating Performance Of Solar-Assisted Heat Pump Water Heater With Truncated-Cone-Type Evaporator

Configuration of solar-assisted heat pump water heater with an innovative truncated-cone-type evaporator was designed. Mathematical models of parts of every system were set up. The results showed that when the average absorbance of solar radiation of a solar-assisted heat pump water heater with a truncated-cone-type evaporator was 7.2 MJ, the coefficient of performance(COP) of the system was 3.1 under poor solar radiation in December in Kunming, China. When the system absorbed 15.6 MJ of solar radiation, the system's COP could reach 3.8. The results indicate that the solar-assisted heat pump water heater with truncated-cone-type evaporator has high heating performance and can meet the demands of water supply.
Lifting-Based Directional DCT-Like Transform for Image Coding

Traditional 2-D discrete cosine transform (DCT) implemented by separable 1-D transform in horizontal and vertical directions does not take image orientation features in a local window into account. To improve it, we propose to introduce directional primary operations to the lifting-based DCT and thereby derive a new directional DCT-like transform, whose transform matrix is dependent on directional angle and interpolation used there. Furthermore, the proposed transform is compared with the straightforward one of first rotated and then transformed. A JPEG-wise image coding scheme is also proposed to evaluate the performance of the proposed directional DCT-like transform. The first 1-D transform is performed according to image orientation features, and the second 1-D transform still in the horizontal or vertical direction. At the same time, an approach is proposed to optimally select transform direction of each block because selected directions of neighboring blocks will influence each other. The experimental results show that the performance of the proposed directional DCT-like transform can dramatically outperform the conventional DCT up to 2 dB even without modifying entropy coding.
Group Division for Recommendation in Tag-Based Systems

The common usage of tags in these systems is to add the tagging attribute as an additional feature to re-model users or resources over the tag vector space, and in turn, making tag-based recommendation or personalized recommendation. With the help of tagging data, user annotation preference and document topical tendency are substantially coded into the profiles of users or documents. However, obtaining the proper relationship among user, resource and tag is still a challenge in social annotation based recommendation researches. In this paper, we utilize the relationship from between tags and resources and between tags and users to extract group information. With the help of such relationship, we can obtain the Topic-Groups based on the bipartite relationship between tags and resources, and Interest-Groups based on the bipartite relationship between tags and users. The preliminary experiments have been conducted on Movie Lens dataset to compare our proposed approach with the traditional collaborative filtering recommendation approach approach in terms of precision, and the result demonstrates that our approach could considerably improve the performance of recommendations.
A fast-convergence algorithm for distributed transmit beamforming

We propose a Groupwise algorithm for distributed transmit beamforming featuring high convergence rate based on the existing Pairwise algorithm. The source nodes are divided into K groups to adjust intergroup phase offsets in turn using the feedback from the receiver. Phase synchronization of all source nodes is achieved by iteratively generating new random grouping patterns. By theoretical modeling and numerical simulation, we find that the proposed algorithm saves 40% of convergence time of the Pairwise algorithm at K = 5, and more at larger K values. Larger group numbers also result in robustness against phase noise in the sense of steady-state mean and fluctuation. Costs and limitations of larger K values are pointed out as well: 2(K - 1)/K of the feedback used in Pairwise algorithm is now necessary, and performance degradation is observed in AWGN channels if each group has relatively small numbers of nodes at a given noise level.
Main retina information processing pathways modeling

In many fields including digital image processing and artificial retina design, they always confront a balance issue among real-time, accuracy, computing load, power consumption and other factors. It is difficult to achieve an optimal balance among these conflicting requirements. However, human retina can balance these conflicting requirements very well. It can efficiently and economically accomplish almost all the visual tasks. This paper presents a bio-inspired model of the retina, not only to simulate various types of retina cells, but also to simulate complex structure of retina. The Model covers main information processing pathways of retina so that it is much closer to the real retina. In this paper, we did some researches on various characteristics of the retina via large-scale statistical experiments, and further analyzed the relationship between retina's structure and functions. The Model can be used in bionic chip design, physiological assumptions verification, image processing, and a variety of goals.
Directional Lapped Transforms for Image Coding

In this paper, we present the design of directional lapped transforms for image coding. A lapped transform, which can be implemented by a prefilter followed by a discrete cosine transform (DCT), can be factorized into elementary operators. The corresponding directional lapped transform is generated by applying each elementary operator along a given direction. The proposed directional lapped transforms are not only nonredundant and perfectly reconstructed, but they can also provide a basis along an arbitrary direction. These properties, along with the advantages of lapped transforms, make the proposed transforms appealing for image coding. A block-based directional transform scheme is also presented and integrated into HD Phtoto, one of the state-of-the-art image coding systems, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed transforms.
Experimental Research on Inactivation of Bacteria by Using Dielectric Barrier Discharge

S. aureus and E. coli  were treated by using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). It was found that a logarithm reduction factor of 5 for both S. aureus and E. coli could be obtained in less than 120 s of treatment. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the low-temperature plasma that was induced by DBD destroyed the outer membrane of the bacteria. It was shown that E. coli  was more susceptible to the inactivation effect by the DBD than S. aureus because E. coli has a thinner cell surface structure. This paper compares the bacteria inactivation effect of DBD with that of ozone generator and ultraviolet lamp, and results show that the charged particles and active free radicals penetrating through the outer membrane of the bacteria might play a major role during the treatment process.
A novel waveguide E-plane filter with metal cut and loaded cavity

In this paper, a novel four-section waveguide E-plane bandpass filter with two pieces of metal cut at both sides is presented. In this filter, in order to improve the performance of the band rejection, loaded cavity is designed instead of air cavity. The insertion loss is less than 1.5 dB in the passband from 91.4 to 94.9 GHz. The lower rejection is larger than 40 dB from 75 to 87.6 GHz, while the upper rejection is larger than 40 dB in the range 103-110 GHz.
LCL type grid-connected converter no startup inrush current control method based on capacitor branch voltage feedforward

Dual-loop PI control strategy for LCL type grid-connected converter is usually used in wind power generation. Serious inrush current will be caused when grid-connected converter runs on the rectified status at the start time if no effective control strategy is taken, so it is necessary to improve the startup control performance and the grid voltage feedforward method is usually used. However, in wind power generation, the grid voltage of the transformer's high voltage side can't be directly sampled. To deal with it, a method is proposed based on the feedforward of filter capacitor branch's voltage. Firstly, the mathematical model of LCL type grid-connected converter, under the synchronous rotating reference frame, is established. And the cause of inrush current at the rectified start time of grid-connected converter is analyzed in detail. Then, the feedforward of capacitor branch's voltage is introduced into the output of current loop, and the theoretical analysis on its effectiveness of inrush current suppression is made. Finally, the simulation analysis based on the 10kW LCL type grid-connected converter and the experiments based on the 10kW direct drive wind power grid-connected converter prototype are carried out. The results verify that this method can effectively suppress startup inrush current and improve dynamic response of the grid current control.
Blind Separation of Intermolecular Zero Coherence Signals in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

In inter-molecular multiple quantum coherences (iMQC) experiments, the iMQC signals is easily contaminated by the conventional single-quantum coherence (SQC) signals. How to get the pure iMQC signal is still an open problem for the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) scientists. A soft-separation method using blind source separation (BSS) technique was presented to attempt to resolve the problem for the first time. The performance of the three kinds of the different BSS techniques, algorithm for multiple unknown signals extraction (AMUSE), second order nonstationary source separation (SONS) and second order blind identification (SOBI), is evaluated. The numerical experiments show that they can separate intermolecular zero-quantum coherence (iZQC) signal very well.
Bridging test languages to reuse test information: A metamodel for test information

The lack of test information reuse among different life cycle phases of system results in significant overhead costs to system test. Thus, a common model is needed to bridge and reuse the existing test information between different test phases. In this paper, a metamodel for test information reuse, Test Exchange MetaModel (TEMM), was proposed. As a common model, it covers the possibly widest spectrum of different test languages for test information descriptions. With appropriate transforming adapters and rules, different test information can be transformed into TEMM models, and meanwhile TEMM models can be transformed into different individual test information.
A New Deep Neighbor Residual Network for Protein Secondary Structure Prediction

A protein secondary structure defines the local conformation of the protein's polypeptide backbone, which provides important information for protein 3D structure prediction and protein functions. In this study, a new deep neural network, the deep neighbor residual network (DeepNRN), is proposed for protein secondary structure predictions. The network takes three types of inputs, namely protein sequence features, profile features generated by PSI-BLAST, and profile features generated by HHBlits, and predicts the protein secondary structure in either one of eight states (Q8) or one of three states (Q3). The basic building block of the network, the neighbor residual unit, is designed with two types of short-cut connections that are more general and expressive than residual units in existing residual deep neural networks, yet can still be computed efficiently. In addition, the prediction result of DeepNRN can be refined by a Struct2Struct network to make the result more protein-like. Extensive experimental results on multiple widely used benchmark data sets show that the new DeepNRN-based method outperformed existing methods and obtained the best results across multiple data sets.
A recursive hardware implementation of FIR filters for high definition video processing

h(l,m,n) = h , ( W hdn) The function ht(n) is usually a finite impulse response (FIR) type filter. One of the reasons for choosing an FIR filter is to have a linear phase response. An FIR filter can be realized using the direct form, where the filter consists of frame stores, multipliers, and adders. Since a linear response is needed, the coefficients of the filter will be symmetric, so that the number of multipliers can be reduced by half. However, for the direct form the number of frame stores is equal to the order of the filter.
Energy-efficient reliable data gathering scheme based on Enhanced Reed-Solomon code for wireless sensor networks

In Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), nodes are usually powered by battery and the wireless links of the nodes suffer from packet loss. It is extremely significant to develop an energy-efficient reliable data gathering scheme for WSN applications. In this paper, the Enhanced Reed-Solomon (E-RS) code, together with the intra-segment coding and the inter-segment coding, are designed. The E-RS code based data gathering scheme called the E-RS scheme is presented that adopts the intra-segment coding or the inter-segment coding. The Overall Energy Consumption (OEC) of the E-RS scheme is derived and minimized in the Optimization Problem (OP) with the constraint of data gathering ratio. The OP is able to find the optimal number of segments each carrying original information symbols, the maximum number of retransmissions in IEEE 802.15.4 Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, and the redundant degree of the E-RS code, so that the E-RS scheme achieves the minimum energy consumption while keeping data gathering ratio over a preset threshold.
A dual coupled inductors-based high step-up/step-down bidirectional dc-dc converter for energy storage system

A non-isolated dual coupled inductors-based bidirectional DC-DC converter is analyzed in this paper for high step-up/step-down applications. The topology is derived by integrating a staked dual-active half-bridge converter (DAHB) into a switched-inductor buck-boost BDC. With the secondary windings of two coupled inductors in series connection, high voltage gain and reduced switch voltage stresses can be obtained. Hence, reduced turns-ratio of two coupled inductors and low-voltage rated MOSFETs can be used to realize high efficiency conversion. The coupled inductors can operate not only as a switched-inductor of two buck-boost BDCs, but also as two transformers of the equivalent DAHB converter. What's more, with PWM plus phase shift (PPS) control scheme, soft-switching of all the active switches can be realized. Operational principles, the steady-state analysis and characteristics of the analyzed BDC are discussed in detail. Experiments of a 40–60V/400V 1kW prototype have been carried out to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the analyzed converter.
A rule based case maintenance method for the performance of CBR classifier

Aiming at the decreasing efficiency and learning ability problem of CBR classifier that the growing scale of case base brings, a case maintenance strategy based on selective rules is proposed to delete the redundant and noisy cases. First, as to remove the noise information that lies in the feature attribute, a feature reduction method based on information entropy and GA is proposed to. Then, three specific rules are defined to select out the cases that are satisfied with the rules, and delete those are not to accomplish the maintenance process. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method achieves a better performance of CBR classifier and decreases the time complexity at the same time, which prove that the proposed could remove the redundant and noisy cases, and guarantee the learning ability of the CBR classifier.
Blind detection based space-time block coding with antenna subset selection

A method combining blind detection based space-time block coding (STBC) with antenna subset selection is proposed and studied in this paper. The antenna subset selection is considered at both transmitter and receiver sides, which chooses the optimal antennas to further improve the performance of the STBC and increase the diversity order. The optimal schemes of antenna selection are investigated. In order to enhance the robustness of the detection used in the conventional STBC scheme, a blind detecting scheme based on the independent component analysis (ICA) is exploited, and it can directly separate source signals without channel estimation. Performance analysis reveals that this method can achieve a full diversity order and a good robust performance against channel variation by using the antenna selection and the blind detecting scheme.