nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The analysis of wave propagation in cylindrical dielectric waveguide array

Periodic dielectric structures are widely used in many areas such as optical communication, material science and millimeter waves in terms of periodic or corrugated waveguide, gratings, leaky wave antennas and bandgap materials. Based on the established rigorous theory for two-dimensionally periodical medium, a great amount of numerical results for cylindrical dielectric waveguide array (CDWA), which is a kind of two-dimensionally periodic medium, were presented in this paper. Firstly, numerical results illustrated that the analysis of wave propagation in CDWA can be studied by the analysis of wave propagation in RDWA. Dispersion relationships for CDWA are compared and shown to be in exact agreements with those for rectangular dielectric waveguide array (RDWA). Secondly, transversal dispersion relations for CDWA are calculated, and interactions between space harmonics become getting stronger and stop-bands become getting larger when ka/(2pi) rarr 1. Finally, the applications about transversal and longitudinal propagation in CDWA were discussed.
A method of adding an attribute into MathML for formula retrieval

Towards the needs of retrieving mathematical formulas, this paper details the semantic descriptors of MathML by utilizing the extensibility of XML and the characteristics of mathematical formulas through the analysis of the existing mathematical formula marking languages. We define a description attribute on the basis of MathML for conversion and retrieval of mathematical formulas in various formats, and also realize the conversion between the extended MathML and LaTeX. Experiments show that this method can strengthen the capability to describe the semantic information of formulas and improve the precision and efficiency of conversion and retrieval of mathematical formulas.
Research on system architecture of multi-granularity forest simulation system based on component

Simulation of variable spatiotemporal-scale forest growth is a trend in virtual forest simulation field. Most existing virtual forest simulation systems have relatively fixed structure and weak reconstruction capability. Besides, there is much duplication of work between different-granularity forest simulation systems. Therefore, this paper presents component-based forest simulation system architecture so as to achieve rapid construction of multi-granularity forest simulation system. We adopted the component technology to build a loosely coupled architecture, and conducted research on component extraction, classification, design and other key technologies. On this basis, we analyzed characteristics of different-spatiotemporal-scale forest scenes, and achieved the rapid construction of different granularity forest simulation systems through component assembly.
Chinese Functional Chunk Identification Based on Part of Speech

Chinese functional chunk describes the basic skeleton of the Chinese sentences. It is the important bridge for joining syntax and semantic description, and the Chinese functional chunk identification plays a key role in the field of natural language processing. Identifying the functional chunk is mostly based on methods of rules which come from the syntactic analysis. In this paper, the functional chunk is mainly identified according to the effect of the part of speech in the syntactic analysis. The experimental results show the proposed method works well on the functional chunk identification.
Structure influence on the robust stability of linear active disturbance rejection control system

In this paper, the robust stabilities of linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) systems with different structures are studied. Firstly, 4 kinds of extended state observers (ESO) with different orders and inputs and 4 kinds of feedback control laws with different inputs are designed for a general second-order model. Then a necessary and sufficient stability criterion for the closed-loop system is derived from μ analysis. Based on the criterion, the maximum allowable bound of model parameter uncertainties can be got by solving a search problem. Analysis results of 9 kinds of LADRC systems with the same ESO bandwidths and same feedback control parameters show that low order ESOs and state feedback control laws are helpful to improve the stability of the closed-loop system in the presence of structured model uncertainty.
Key Technologies of a Terahertz Source Based on Free Electron Lasers

In this paper some key technologies of a THz source based on free electron lasers are discussed. In order to yield exceptionally high quality THz radiation, electron guns are expected to create high-brightness and short-pulse beams, and the normalized rms beam emittance and longitudinal rms emittance should be low. At the same time, a linear accelerator and an undulator should be designed carefully. The electron beam through the high gradient linac and the undulator is discussed.
Research on Mathematical Formulas Extraction from Chinese Document

A new approach for separating mathematics from usual text is presented. Contrary to the existing researches, it is aiming at Chinese mathematical documents and more oriented toward the segmentation than the recognition, separating the formulas outside and inside the text lines. The approach is composed of Parzen windows and Bayes theorem. Improved Parzen windows is used to extract the isolated formulas from the printed documents and Bayes theorem is used to extract the embedded formulas from the text lines. Experiments show that the combination of the two methods can achieve quite satisfactory result
An EMI receiver model with consideration of the intermediate frequency filter

The fast Fourier transform (FFT) is usually used to analyze the spectrum of electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise. However, the calculated spectrum of a noise signal by using a general FFT algorithm is different from the measured result obtained by using an EMI receiver. Because the intermediate frequency (IF) filter in the EMI receiver has a band-pass effect when filtering the signal, the measured spectrum amplitude at any frequency point is not simply the original amplitude of the signal at the frequency, whereas, it is a time-domain superposition result of the signal in the pass-band frequency range of the IF filter. This paper focuses on modelling of an EMI receiver and presents an improved FFT algorithm for simulating the EMI receiver with consideration of the IF filter. Window functions are analyzed and suggested for modelling the IF filter. The improved FFT algorithm is validated through comparison of simulated and measured EMI spectrums.
Waveguide Slot Antenna Design and Optimizing That Uses a Neural Network

Antennas are key components of wireless communication systems and radar systems. Rectangular waveguide slot antennas are widely applied in ground radar equipments, airborne radars and satellite and space communications. But their design and optimizing are rather complex. Here a neural network is introduced to optimize the length of the slots in a antenna. The result shows that after training, the neural network can predict the Y parameter well and make the process of optimizing easier
Depth-weighted group-wise principal component analysis for video foreground/background separation

We propose a depth-weighted group-wise PCA (DG-PCA) approach to separate moving foreground pixels from the background of a video acquired by a moving camera. Our approach utilizes a corresponding depth signal in addition to the video signal. The problem is formulated as a weighted l2,1-norm PCA problem with depth-based group sparsity being introduced. In particularly, dynamic groups are first generated solely based on depth, and then an iterative solution using depth to define the weights in l2,1-norm is developed. In addition, we propose a depth-enhanced homography model for global motion compensation before the DG-PCA method is executed. We demonstrate through experiments on an RGB-D dataset the superiority of the proposed DG-PCA approach over conventional robust PCA methods.
Geometric distortion metrics for point cloud compression

It is challenging to measure the geometry distortion of point cloud introduced by point cloud compression. Conventionally, the errors between point clouds are measured in terms of point-to-point or point-to-surface distances, that either ignores the surface structures or heavily tends to rely on specific surface reconstructions. To overcome these drawbacks, we propose using point-to-plane distances as a measure of geometric distortions on point cloud compression. The intrinsic resolution of the point clouds is proposed as a normalizer to convert the mean square errors to PSNR numbers. In addition, the perceived local planes are investigated at different scales of the point cloud. Finally, the proposed metric is independent of the size of the point cloud and rather reveals the geometric fidelity of the point cloud. From experiments, we demonstrate that our method could better track the perceived quality than the point-to-point approach while requires limited computations.
Implementation of an ultrasonic wireless communication system through metal barrier based on DSP

Many industrial applications need the technology of data transmission through metal barrier. Conventional wireless communication based on electromagnetic wave cannot be applied due to the Faraday shielding effect. This paper introduces the key technologies of high reliability bidirectional communication through a metal wall. There are the digital amplitude modulation when the data transmits from the transmitter to the receiving end and the data transmission based on impedance modulation from the receiving end to the transmitter. Two DSP platforms for processing information include encoding, modulation, demodulation and decoding on both sides are implemented. The upper-computer at both sides with a SCI Interface for sending and collecting data. The DSP will process the data and transmit it for modulating the carrier once it receives the information. In the same way, the DSP will process that and transmit it to the upper-computer once it get a byte data for a reverse process. This system acts as a communication platform with a reliable communication at data rates up to 10 kbps, which indicates that the prototype system is very practical and valuable.
An Improved method for segmentation of touching symbols in printed mathematical expressions

The segmentation of touching symbols is one of the key factors which affect the performance of printed mathematical expression recognition system. An Improved method for segmentation of touching symbols in printed mathematical expressions is presented. This method is suitable for different types of touching symbols. Firstly, the outer contour of the symbol image is extracted based on contour tracing algorithm. Next, the concave corner points are detected by corner detection algorithm. These concave corner points are considered as the candidate segmentation points. Finally segmentation paths are constructed to achieve the segmentation of the touching symbol.
H∞ control for uncertain discrete fuzzy system with both state and input delays

In this paper, a new approach to Hinfin controller design for a class of uncertain discrete T-S fuzzy systems are proposed. According to the Lyapunov stability theory as well as parallel distributed compensation (PDC), several sufficient conditions for stabilization of considered systems are derived. The design procedure based on LMI for the fuzzy robust controller is given, which guarantee the closed-loop system is asymptotically stable and the effect of disturbance input on the controlled output is reduced to a prescribed level. The simulation results show the proposed method is effective.
Study on Web-based Team Knowledge Innovation Support System

Knowledge economy has brought enormous opportunities and challenges to Chinese enterprises. Effective knowledge management and knowledge innovation has become the key to enterprise survival and development in knowledge economy. However, at present the enterprises are lack of effective ways to support knowledge innovation, which results in such a disappointing situation that the employees' work enthusiasm and creativity are diminishing, particularly in the knowledge innovation team with high potential of creativity. In this paper, task oriented team knowledge innovation process is analyzed. Aiming at the team knowledge innovation process, the Web-based Team Knowledge Innovation Support System (TKISS) is proposed. The Key technologies of TKISS are studied. Moreover, this paper realized the prototype of TKISS. At last, TKISS is applied in an actual team knowledge innovation task.
Linear Physical Programming-Based Approach for Web Service Selection

Selection of Web service according to different quality of service (QoS) has received much interest to support rapid and dynamic composition of services. Such problem is a multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problem and the most commonly used method is simple additive weight method (SAW). Weight-based approach is simple to use but with some limitations: these weights have no physical meaning and hard to set. Linear physical programming (LPP) is a new effective and computationally approach to overcome such limitations of SAW. In this paper, a LPP based approach for quality driven Web service selection is proposed. Firstly we give two improvements of LPP: determine proper initial value of convexity parameter without iterations and use the simple form of preference function. Then we discuss implementation when apply LPP to Web service selection problem and solve the optimization problem using genetic algorithm. An example is provided to explain how the method works.
Research on the Low-frequency Mechanical Characteristics of MR Damper in Ship Isolator

In this paper, by using the fast response, controllable damp, small consume, wide dynamic scope, great adaptation of the MR damper, a new isolator composed of steel rope spring and MR damper is designed and a study on the low-frequency mechanics characteristics of MR damper in isolator is carried out, then the relations between MR damping force and other factors are analyzed with experimental data, it shows that damping force not only has something to do with structural dimension, but also is related to controllable current and vibration frequency. Finally, the experiential formula of damping force is corrected and the relations between corrected coefficients and factors are obtained.
A Fast and Stabilized Method for Gratings

The widely used Rayleigh expansion is not generally bounded and causes the instability and some limitations in numerical process. We extend the radiation condition for diffraction grating problems and stress that the radiation field excited by a planar periodic current source satisfies the generalized radiation condition; hence, it can be used as a modified Rayleigh expansion to formulate an enhanced Rayleigh method. The proposed method can considerably extend the domain of validity. Invoking the internal regularization mechanism, it can work with success when amplitude/period ratio equals 0.5 or higher for a sinusoidal metal grating and s polarization with normal incidence. At the same time, the simplicity, efficiency, and ability to explicitly depict the interactions among diffracted orders are as good as, if not better than in the Rayleigh method.
Photocatalytic digestion of total phosphorus utilising nanotitanium dioxide photocatalyst

Thermal-assisted ultraviolet (UV) and H2O2-assisted UV photocatalytic oxidation methods utilizing nano-TiO2 photocatalyst are presented for the digestion of total phosphorus (TP) in water. The photocatalytic experiments for TP digestion were conducted using a 365 nm wavelength UV light, and TiO2 nanoparticles immobilized on a silicon wafer as the photocatalyst. The effects of H2O2 and temperature on the UV photocatalytic oxidation process are explained. The pseudo-first-order rate constants k of two phosphorus compounds for the UV digestion processes were obtained according to the pseudo-first-order equation. Both H2O2 and heating could improve the efficiency of the UV photocatalytic oxidation method. But by comparison, the enhancement of heating on the UV photocatalysis process is more distinctly than H2O2. In addition, the thermal-assisted UV digestion process will not lead to secondary pollution since no oxidant is needed in this digestion process, which makes it more compatible with electrochemical detection of TP. The thermal-assisted UV digestion method was employed for the digestion of real water samples. Compared with the conventional thermal digestion method for TP detection, this thermal-assisted UV digestion process decreased the digestion temperature from 120°C to 60°C within the same time, which enable the digestion process work at normal pressure.
A Design for an Online RSS Reader Based On AJAX

It takes most people much time to look for new information from one to another Website. Now part of the problem can be solved by some RSS readers, desktop applications. In this paper, a design for an online RSS reader was given after analyzing the limitation of traditional RSS readers. Firstly, Ajax was utilized to view the syndication feeds and make the automatic updating work. Secondly, the system structure that combines Struts with Ajax was adopted. Next, in the design for channel tree, the technology that XML combines with XSL is adopted, so that the data can be separated from the form of expression. Finally, the design has been utilized in a website that offers market condition. The utilization in a Website that offers market conditions proved the validation of this design.
Graph spectral motion segmentation based on motion vanishing point analysis

Motion segmentation relies on identifying coherent relationships between image pixels that are associated with motion vectors. However, perspective differences can often deteriorate the performance of conventional techniques. In this paper, we develop a motion segmentation scheme that utilizes the motion map of a single frame to identify motion representations based on motion vanishing points. Segmentation is achieved using graph spectral clustering where a novel graph is constructed using the motion representation distances in the motion vanishing point image associated with the image pixels. Experimental results show that the proposed graph spectral motion segmentation algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art methods for dense segmentation on image sequences with strong perspective effects using motion vectors between only two images.
Key links forecast with dynamic weight algorithm for RAW in optical networks

It had been proved that routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) in an arbitrary mesh optical network is an NP-complete problem. Previous works intended to solve this problem through various approaches, such as heuristics algorithm or graph theory. However, the computational time would increase exponentially with the problem size. Especially to a dynamic traffic model, the connection requests arrive and depart in a random manner and light-pathpsilas occupation depends on the current network utilization status, RWA problem become more complicated. Furthermore, the estimation model for link blocking probability is also quite inaccurate. People can find from realistic network where many more connections are requested between some source and destination node pairs than others. We consider the network performance deterioration is more likely caused by certain key links of network, which is related to static factor, such as particular network topology, and dynamic factors, such as wavelength exhausted rate as well as the number of free wavelength. In this paper, we propose an efficiently approximate approach, which comprehensively consider the factors of hops and free wavelengths based on the concept of key links, then dynamically choose and assign the optimal route and wavelength for arrival connection requests. The analysis result shows our algorithm can achieve better load balance and lower blocking probability with less computing complexity comparing to common RWA algorithms, particularly for larger sized networks.
The layout recognition and reconstruction of Chinese documents based on Gabor filter

The layout recognition of Chinese documents is one of the most difficult pattern recognition problems, because it concerns a great number of classes and many variations. In this paper, an intelligent layout recognition and reconstruction system is put forward on the basis of the analysis of the present methods. The algorithms of the pivotal processing steps such as layout analysis and character font recognition are discussed. Especially, a 2D Gabor filter is used in character font recognition to improve the adaptability to the Chinese document. Experiments have been made and some promising results have been drawn.
The Simulation and Implementation of Discrete Particle System based on CUDA

In this paper, NVIDIA's parallel computing architecture CUDA is used to implement a discrete particle simulation system. In the neighbor search part, an algorithm based on hash list is used. In the collision part, the stream of CUDA is used to split one step simulation to four parallel streams, the asynchronous copy method is used to output, then an efficient way to use the CUDA memory model is designed. The results shown that the CUDA's discrete particle system is efficient and effective.
Local depth image enhancement scheme for view synthesis

The quality of the depth map is crucial for depth image based rendering (DIBR) which enables a variety of advanced 3D video related applications such as perceived depth adjustment for stereoscopic video and intermediate view generation for multiview auto-stereoscopic displays. However, the input depth map for DIBR may suffer from errors and noise, which could seriously impact the rendered view quality. In order to reduce the errors and suppress the noise in the depth map, a local depth image enhancement technique is proposed that leverages trellis-based optimization techniques. A cost function is used to evaluate candidate depth values based on the stereo cost as well as color and depth consistency. Sparse depth features are also used in the enhancement process. The experimental results show notable subjective improvements in terms of rendering quality.
The Research of Railway Container Logistics Management System Based on Internet of Things

The author-owned patent of RFID technology was introduced into life cycle management for the Shipping container logistical management system for freight train. The latest logistical methods were adopted to optimize its processes. A RFID middleware system which connects RFID technology of internet of things with railway existing information systems was developed. This system might manage container shipping, shipping center, marketing, and multi-carry service. It transforms the behavior control into the programmed control.
Upsampling Technique in Multi-Resolution Texture Mapping for Real-Time Terrain Rendering

In the traditional multi-resolution texture mapping method for large-scale terrain rendering, the resolution of the terrain texture is only decided by the distance to the viewpoint. In some sharp region texture is stretched a lot and brings the mapping distortion problems, which affect the visual effect of virtual scene. In order to solve this problem, many methods were proposed. The most universal method is to gain the texture with higher resolution and map it onto the sharp regions. But texture in the finest resolution level has no higher resolution texture available. By analyzing the nature attribute of terrain slope, we propose an efficient upsampling method with adaptive resolution based on the terrain slope measure and apply it successfully in our real time terrain navigating system. Experimental result shows that our adaptive method finely enhances the reality of the virtual scene in the premise of tiny affecting the rendering speed.