nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Converter-modulator design and operations for the "ILC" l-band test stand

To facilitate a rapid response to the International Linear Collider (ILC) L-band development program at SLAC, a spare converter-modulator was shipped from LANL. This modulator was to be a spare for the spallation neutron source (SNS) accelerator at ORNL. The ILC application requires a 33% higher peak output power (15 MW) and output current (120 Amp). This presents significant design challenges to modify the existing hardware and yet maintain switching parameters and thermal cycling within the semiconductor component ratings. To minimize IGBT commutation and free-wheeling diode currents, a different set of optimizations, as compared to the SNS design, were used to tune the resonant switching networks. Additional complexities arose as nanocrystalline cores with different performance characteristics (as compared to SNS), were used to fabricate the resonant "boost" transformers. This paper will describe the electrical design, modelling efforts, and resulting electrical performance as implemented for the ILC L-band test stand.
Adaptive PARAFAC decomposition for third-order tensor completion

This paper proposed a tensor completion algorithm by tracking the Parallel Factor (PARAFAC) decomposition of incomplete third-order tensors with one dimension growing with time. The proposed algorithm first tracks a low-dimensional subspace, then updates the loading matrices of the PARAFAC decomposition. Simulation results showed that the algorithm is reliable and fast, in comparison to the state-of-the-art PARAFAC Weighted OPTimization algorithm.
Assuring Accuracy on Low Penetration Rate Mobile Phone-Based Traffic State Estimation System

This paper investigates the effect of the penetration rate on the effectiveness of the mobile phone-based traffic state estimation. As a result, the acceptable penetration rate is identified. This recognition is useful for the investigating to bring the traffic state estimation using mobile phones as traffic probes into the real world application. In addition, an adaptive velocity-density estimation model, namely the velocity-density inference circuit, is proposed to improve the accuracy of the average velocity and the density estimations in cases of low penetration rate. Furthermore, a neural network-based prediction model is introduced to assure the effectiveness of the velocity/density estimation when the penetration rate degrades to zero. The experimental evaluations reveal the effectiveness as well as the robustness of the proposed solutions.
A MIMO algorithm for smart antenna in CDMA systems

We propose a simple and efficient adaptive blind-beamforming algorithm for CDMA systems. The algorithm requires no reference signal. Since the algorithm uses a sequential method to compute a complex matrix, its computational complexity is very low without any degradation of its performance. A MIMO model is also proposed for the algorithm. Computer simulations, considering the Rayleigh fading channel in a CDMA environment, are presented to verify the performance.
An analytical model for estimating the impact of MAC layer misbehavior in IEEE 802.11 networks

Misbehaving of nodes in IEEE 802.11-based ad hoc networks is a more sophisticated problem in recent research area due to its serious effects to network performance. The problem is caused of many unexpected security problems. Hence, a favor analytical model to capture most features of IEEE 802.11 based wireless networks with the presence of node misbehaviors is first key step to design detection and prevent schemes. This paper presents a novel analytical model to provide a detailed understand of node misbehaviors that uses to evaluate the network performance in terms of throughput and access delay under typical MAC layer attacks.
A Medium Access Delay MAC aware metric for Multihop Wireless Networks

Internet predominant transport protocols, such as TCP and TFRC, face performance degradation in Multihop Wireless Networks because of the high loss and link failure rates. Many solutions have been proposed to improve the transport layer operation. These solutions are either based on network state estimation or use information from MAC layer (called MAC metrics) in a cross-layer manner to better comprehend the network state. In this paper, we define the pertinent MAC metrics to reflect the network state, and provide a comparative study among each other, their expected usage and measurement methods at MAC layer. We also investigate the behaviors of MAC metrics through several experiments in order to reveal their effectiveness in reflecting network events such as contention, collision and loss. We show that the Medium Access Delay metric is the most effective to reflect faithfully the MAC states and to detect the network congestion and contention earlier than the other.
Comparison of evolutionary and conventional feature extraction methods for malt classification

Our primary motivation in this paper is to determine whether evolved texture feature extraction programs are competitive with human derived programs for a difficult real world texture classification problem. The problem involves distinguishing images of three classes of bulk malt. There are subtle differences between the three classes. We have used a number of human derived methods, Haralick, Gabor, Haar, histogram and Galloway, to get feature vectors for the malt problem. We have also used a number of feature extraction programs that were evolved from thirteen Brodatz textures. We performed classification with a 1 nearest neighbour classifier. The evolved features gave an accuracy of 67% which is considerably better than the 53% achieved with the Haar features, but not as good as the 77% achieved with the Galloway features. Analysis of the evolved features suggested that they are capturing some texture regularities not captured by the human derived methods. We conclude that the evolved features are competitive with the human derived features and can provide enhanced accuracy when used in conjunction with human derived features.
Confocal parabolic reflector antenna design trade-offs

Three dual reflector configurations were designed and examined in detail. These are: on offset confocal parabolic antenna fed by a small phased array (image plane system) with both small and large magnification ratios, and a center-fed Cassegrain reflector antenna with a defocused feed array. Simulations show that the dual reflector configuration, center-fed by a phased array, while mechanically desirable, possesses high sidelobes as a result of aperture blockage. The offset-fed configuration, being free of blockage, can achieve very low sidelobes, the level being a function of the feed size used. If elements with amplitude excitations from 0 to -20 dB are activated in the feed array, the secondary sidelobes will be typically below -35 dB.<<ETX>>
Correlating cellular features with gene expression using CCA

To understand the biology of cancer, joint analysis of multiple data modalities, including imaging and genomics, is crucial. We propose the use of canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and a sparse variant as a preliminary discovery tool for identifying connections across modalities, specifically between gene expression and features describing cell and nucleus shape, texture, and stain intensity in histopathological images. Applied to 615 breast cancer samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas, CCA revealed significant correlation of several image features with expression of PAM50 genes, known to be linked to outcome, while Sparse CCA revealed associations with enrichment of pathways implicated in cancer without leveraging prior biological understanding. These findings affirm the utility of CCA for joint phenotype-genotype analysis of cancer.
Combined feature selection and classification using DCA

In this paper we introduce a new method using the zero-norm l0 for the combined feature selection-supervised classification problem. Discontinuity at the origin for l0 makes the solution of the corresponding optimization problem difficult. To overcome this drawback we use a robust DC (difference of convex functions) programming approach which is a general framework for non-convex continuous optimisation. We consider a continuous approximation to l0 in an appropriate way such that the resulting problem can be formulated in terms of a DC program. Our DCA (DC algorithm) requires the solution of one linear program at each iteration. Preliminary computational experiments on some real-world data sets show that the proposed method is promising for the combined feature selection-classification and more efficient than the standard FSV (feature selection concave) approach.
A hierarchical control architecture for a PEBB-based ILC Marx modulator

The idea of building power conversion systems around Power Electronic Building Blocks (PEBBs) was initiated by the U.S. Office of Naval Research in the mid 1990s. A PEBB-based design approach is advantageous in terms of power density, modularity, reliability, and serviceability. It is obvious that this approach has much appeal for pulsed power conversion including the International Linear Collider (ILC) klystron modulator application. A hierarchical control architecture has the inherent capability to support the integration of PEBBs. This has already been successfully demonstrated in a number of industrial applications in the recent past. This paper outlines the underlying concepts of a hierarchical control architecture for a PEBB-based Marx-topology ILC klystron modulator. The control in PEBB-based power conversion systems can be functionally partitioned into (three) hierarchical layers; system layer, application layer, and PEBB layer. This has been adopted here. Based on such a hierarchical partition, the interfaces are clearly identified and defined and, consequently, are easily characterised. A conceptual design of the hardware manager, executing low-level hardware oriented tasks, is detailed. In addition, the idea of prognostics is briefly discussed.
Comparative simulation results of DVR and D-STATCOM to improve voltage quality in distributed power system

This paper presents the comparative improvement of the voltage profile of the distributed power system using a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) and a Distributed Static Synchronous Compensator (D-STATCOM). The IEEE benchmark 13-bus distributed power system is used to present the distributed power grid. A proposed DVR is connected in series with bus 632 while a D-STATCOM is connected in parallel with bus 632. Comparative simulation results of the system with DVR and D-STATCOM are performed by using commercial MATLAB software. It can be concluded from the simulation results that DVR is suitable to mitigate the voltage sag of the load side while D-STATCOM can enhance the voltage stability margin of the buses that are located near the connected bus of the proposed D-STATCOM in the distributed grid.
A low power open multimedia application platform for 3G wireless

This paper describes an SOC design of a complex, low power and high performance open multimedia application platform (OMAP/sup TM/) for 3G wireless. The design integrates a high performance DSP subsystem based on a low power TMS320C55x DSP and an MPU subsystem based on the ARM9 microprocessor for the optimal combination of high performance with low power consumption. This paper explains the system design and the SoC implementations of the platform.
Construction of the Korean VLBI network (KVN)

Korea's new VLBI project to construct the Korean VLBI network (KVN) started in 2001, as a 7-year project that is fully funded by our government. We plan to build 3 new high-precision radio telescopes of 21-m diameter in 3 places in Korea which will be exclusively used for VLBI observations. We will install the 2/8, 22 and 43 GHz HEMT receivers within 2007 as a first target, and later we will expand the receiving frequency up to 86 and 129 GHz for astronomical, geodetic, and Earth science VLBI research. The millimeter-wave VLBI will be the ultimate goal of KVN. For the front-ends we are going to install a multi-channel receiver system that employs low-pass filters within a quasi-optical beam transportation system. This receiver system will give reliable phase calibrations for millimeter-wave VLBI as well as enable simultaneous multi-frequency band observations. The new hard-disk type mark 5 will be used as the main recorder of KVN. We have completed the design of the KVN DAS system of 2 Gsps sampling rate, which will use 4 data streams to meet the multi-channel requirement. A VERA type DAS modified for the mark 5 recorder is also under consideration. A new correlator project for KVN was recently approved from our government, and will start in the second half of this year.
Control of power sharing in an island microgrid using virtual impedance

In this paper, a reactive power sharing strategy that uses droop controller combined with virtual impedance and estimating the voltage drop due to the line impedance to improve significantly improves the reactive power control and sharing accuracy. Because of, with a given minimum allowable voltage of system, the voltage droop slope cannot be made arbitrarily large, so this paper presents a better way to improve the reactive power control and sharing accuracy is to incorporate the line voltage drop effect into the power control. This can be realized by adding the coefficient slopes of the voltage into droop control, to estimate the voltage drop due to line impedance and effect of local loads. Finally, considering the different locations of loads in a multibus microgrid. The proposed reactive power cosharing strategy has been tested in simulation Matlab/Simulink.
A Critical Analysis of Research Potential, Challenges, and Future Directives in Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks

In recent years, industrial wireless sensor networks (IWSNs) have emerged as an important research theme with applications spanning a wide range of industries including automation, monitoring, process control, feedback systems, and automotive. Wide scope of IWSNs applications ranging from small production units, large oil and gas industries to nuclear fission control, enables a fast-paced research in this field. Though IWSNs offer advantages of low cost, flexibility, scalability, self-healing, easy deployment, and reformation, yet they pose certain limitations on available potential and introduce challenges on multiple fronts due to their susceptibility to highly complex and uncertain industrial environments. In this paper, a detailed discussion on design objectives, challenges, and solutions, for IWSNs, are presented. A careful evaluation of industrial systems, deadlines, and possible hazards in industrial atmosphere are discussed. This paper also presents a thorough review of the existing standards and industrial protocols and gives a critical evaluation of potential of these standards and protocols along with a detailed discussion on available hardware platforms, specific industrial energy harvesting techniques and their capabilities. This paper lists main service providers for IWSNs solutions and gives insight of future trends and research gaps in the field of IWSNs.
19.4 A 0.17-to-3.5mW 0.15-to-5GHz SoC PLL with 15dB built-in supply noise rejection and self-bandwidth control in 14nm CMOS

With recent advancements in SoC integration, modern SoC architectures can employ more than 20 PLLs . To address SoC clocking needs with an ever reducing power budget, a deep sub-mW to low-mW PLL having a FoM between -226dB and -234dB from 0.8GHz to 5GHz is presented. The PLL features a modular implementation and therefore could be used as the local clock source or as part of a clock-generation hub. The hub provides reference clocks to subsystems from a single platform crystal oscillator through a combination of divisions and distributions.
AXMEDIS Programme and Publication Tools for Cross Media Content Multichannel Distribution

AXMEDIS has provided an innovative framework with a wide range of tools for cross-media content processing, production and multi-channel distribution. This paper focuses on one of the key sections of the framework, the Programme and Publication (P&P) tools, which include the P&P Engine and P&P Editor, providing a focal point for multi-channel distribution. The P&P Editor is an integrated GUI environment where users can search for contents and specify their distribution details (e.g. transmission channel, date and time), the so-called P&P Programme. Once a P&P Programme is created and activated, the contents can be processed and delivered automatically, as defined by the P&P programme. Additionally, end users/consumers may also query contents on-demand via the P&P Engine. This paper provides an overall view of the P&P tools and presents two demonstrators to illustrate the P&P toolspsila capabilities.
Change Detection Between SAR Images Using a Pointwise Approach and Graph Theory

This paper investigates the problem of change detection in multitemporal synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. Our motivation is to avoid using a large-size dense neighborhood around each pixel to measure its change level, which is usually considered by classical methods in order to perform their accurate detectors. Therefore, we propose to develop a pointwise approach to detect land-cover changes between two SAR images employing the principle of signal processing on graphs. First, a set of characteristic points is extracted from one of the two images to capture the image's significant contextual information. A weighted graph is then constructed to encode the interaction among these keypoints and hence capture the local geometric structure of this first image. With regard to this graph, the coherence of the information carried by the two images is considered for measuring changes between them. In other words, the change level will depend on how much the second image still conforms to the graph structure constructed from the first image. Additionally, due to the presence of speckle noise in SAR imaging, the log-ratio operator will be exploited to perform the image comparison measure. Experimental results performed on real SAR images show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, in terms of detection performance and computational complexity, compared to classical methods.
A new switching technique for Direct Torque Control of Induction Motor using Four-Switch Three-Phase Inverter with DC - link voltage imbalance

This paper presents a new switching technique for Direct Torque Control of Induction Motor using Four-Switch Three Phase Inverter (DTC-FSTPI-IM) for low power applications with DC - link voltage imbalance. The new control algorithm and modified switching table are based using a real-time compensation SVPWM technique when generating switching control signal in consideration of unbalanced DC-link voltages by direct calculation of switching times based on four basic space vectors in FSTPI. By using reasonable mathematical transform, Direct Torque Control technique for FSTPI under DC-link voltage imbalance have been solved, which is based on the establishment of basic space vectors and modulation technique in similarity with six-switch three-phase inverters. This approach has a very important sense to solve hard problems for FSTPI under DC-link voltage imbalance. The validity of new proposed technique is verified by simulation and experimental results using Matlab/Simulink and DSpace 1104.
A log-periodic saw-toothed planar antenna for UHF ultra-wideband applications

This paper presents a proposed ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna for wireless applications in UHF range. The proposed antenna has a broad bandwidth with a relative small antenna size compared to conventional antennas. It is a 2-arm log-periodic saw-toothed planar microstrip antenna. This antenna has a simple structure with two arms located on the FR4 dielectric substrate. The simulation and implementation results have shown that the proposed antenna is directional and stable radiation patterns in the ultra wide operation bandwidth from 300 MHz to 1.1 GHz. This antenna can be used in UWB systems such as ground penetrating radar systems.
Adaptive Friction Compensation Design for Submicrometer Positioning of High Precision Stage

This paper presents an adaptive friction compensation algorithm based on LuGre friction model with only measurements of position for a high precision stage using a synchronous piezoelectric device driver (SPIDER). Two observers are used to estimate an unmeasured friction state in LuGre model. Adaptive control laws are derived on the basis of the Lyapunov technique for estimating unknown friction parameters, and compensating friction force. Lyapunov's direct method is used to prove the robust global convergence of position tracking errors. Experimental results taken from SPIDER system confirm that the proposed control method achieved fine positioning with respect to friction behavior.
Compressive Sensing Based Data Gathering in Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we study the integration between Compressed Sensing (CS) and clustering methods in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) that significantly reduce power consumption for the networks. In theory, a base station (BS) needs to collect M measurements from the network with N sensors, then applies CS to obtain precisely all N sensor readings. In clustered networks, a cluster-head (CH) collects data from non-CH sensors in its cluster, adds all received and its own data then send the combined measurement to the BS. We further analyze the clustered network with the measurement matrix created by clustering methods, and formulate the total power consumption. Finally, we suggest the optimal number of clusters for the networks consume the least power in practice.
3D panorama reconstruction based on sitemap joining

We present a new approach for constructing the 3D panorama for an indoor environment by joining together aligned submaps. For each submap, the trajectory of the moving camera is estimated based on the Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi (KLT) features. Our method can update the feature set status by adding new features and removing expiring ones adaptively to accommodate scene changes. The accuracy of the estimated poses is further improved through sparse bundle adjustment. Furthermore, we utilize a linear optimization framework to align all submaps to obtain a consistently extended 3D panorama and to refine the visual odometry at the same time. We evaluated our approach on publicly available benchmark datasets. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed method achieves low translational drift and is robust even when the camera moves very fast.
An accurate magnetic characteristics measurement method for switched reluctance machines

Knowledge of magnetic characteristics is very important for the optimal control strategies of SRM drive system [1],[2]. There are several methods to determine the magnetic characteristics such as indirect and direct methods with DC or AC voltage supplies. However, each of methods has limitations or drawbacks in determinations of computation time, inductance saturation features and an influence of iron losses. In the accurate inductance profile method , the magnetization characteristics were calculated only in rising current and saturation zone. In this paper, the magnetization characteristics have been determined in three periods (rising, falling and saturation currents). Therefore, the measurement results are more accurate. Because the magnetization curves were calculated by averaging the rising and falling flux curves, the influence of iron losses is very small. The static magnetic characteristics obtained with this measurement technique have been verified under dynamic conditions . The energy conversion loops in chopping current control were enclosed the magnetization curves from unaligned to aligned rotor positions. The results computed by finite-element magnetic method FEMM are compared with the experimental results. The magnetization characteristics obtained in measurement and FEA methods were used to simulate the nonlinear model of the three phase 30 kW, 50.000 rpm 6/4 SRM for aircraft starter/alternator.