nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
An embedded system architecture for acoustic signal capturing and orientation

For the light weight acoustic reconnaissance applications, an embedded architecture design including hardware and software is proposed in this paper. The novel architecture model is based on dual-DSP in which master DSP cooperates with slave DSP to speed up the data processing while keeping low power consumption. This paper especially focuses on the hard and software implementations of this model. By using HPI and daisy chain techniques, communication and emulator interface is simplified in the hardware implementation. In the software implementation, interrupt techniques and embedded Linux kernel are adopted and plane 4-element cross array orientation algorithm is transplanted to our dual-DSP model. Experiment results indicate that this architecture design is successful and can be used actually for acoustic reconnaissance applications.
Cross-Layer Optimization for State Update in Mobile Gaming

In a large-scale mobile gaming environment with limited wireless network bandwidth, efficient mechanisms for state update are crucial to allow graceful real-time interaction for a large number of players. By using the state updating threshold as a key parameter that bridges the resulting state distortion and the network traffic, we are able to study the fundamental traffic-distortion tradeoffs via both theoretical modeling and numerical analysis using real game traces. We consider a WiMAX link model, where the bandwidth allocation is driven by the underlying physical layer link quality as well as application layer gaming behaviors. Such a cross-layer optimization problem can be solved using standard convex programming techniques. By exploring the temporal locality of gaming behavior, we also propose a prediction method for on-line bandwidth adaptation. Using real data traces from a multiplayer driving game, TORCS, the proposed network-aware bandwidth allocation method (NABA) is able to achieve significant reduction in state distortion compared to two baselines: uniform and proportional policies.
Transparent In-Plane-Gate Junctionless Oxide-Based TFTs Directly Written by Laser Scribing

A laser-scribing process without any mask and photolithography is developed for transparent junctionless oxide based in-plane-gate thin-film transistor (TFT) fabrication at room temperature. Such junctionless TFTs feature that the channel and the source/drain electrodes are of the same thin indium-zinc-oxide films. Good electrical performance with an Ion/Ioff ratio of 4 × 105, a field-effect mobility of 15 cm2/V · s, and a subthreshold swing of 0.12 V/dec is obtained. AND logic is realized with a reliable logic operation in a dual in-plane-gate configuration. The developed laser-scribing technology is highly desirable in terms of the low-cost fabrication process.
Research on Green Light Interval with Counting Down Display Unit

In order to seek the layout method of the green light interval with counting down display unit. The yellow light time and all-red time are limited by the fundamental model of green light time interval. Then, it has determined the model of the green light interval with counting display unit through contrasting the between the green light interval with counting display unit and the normal. It proposed the data acquisition plan and the parameter demarcation method and has carried on the demarcation by using Changchun's data. It is the advantageous theory support for the layout of the green light interval with counting down display unit.
An Adaptive Fuzzy Filter Based on Two Different Sets for Nonlinear Channel Estimation

The opportune estimation of channel gain in wireless communication is significant to successful power control, but the channel's nonlinear characteristic degrades the performance of conventional estimation method. Based on fuzzy filter theory, a novel adaptive fuzzy least mean square (LMS) filter for channel estimation is proposed. Utilizing the human experiences and statistical knowledge of signal's fading, the filter builds two different type of fuzzy sets over the space of channel gain, which reflect the channel gain's value and its moving trends respectively, then adjusts the parameters of the member functions of the sets with LMS algorithm, thus adapts itself to the nonlinear characteristics of communication channel. The result of simulation experiment validates the efficiency of the algorithm
Stiction due to the in-plane component of surface tension

When a slider rests on a magnetic recording disk. the iii-plane force requlred to inmate sliding often exceeds the normal load force, sometimes by more than an order of magnitude This phenomenon is called stiction. It is due to lubricant menisci in the slider-disk interface. However tlic role of menisci is often misunderstood. It is widely believed that the meniscus pressure exerts a normnl force between the slider and the disk. The normal force, when multiplied by the coniuci coefficient of friction, contributes to the in-plane stiction force [I]. In order to explain the enormous stiction, the contact coefficient of friction (pj and the normal force due to meniscus pressure must be both very large. Even if p=O.2, which is already unrealistically high for a iuhricoicd interface, the meniscus pressure is still too small to supply the required normal force This difficulty is overcome by a new model described in this paper.
Handover performance test and analysis in TD-LTE based CBTC train ground communication systems

Most of the existing urban rail CBTC train ground communication systems are based on Wireless Local Networks (WLAN) technologies. With frequency interference and the increase of train speed, WLAN is incapable of meeting the requirements of CBTC train ground communication systems. Time Division-Long Term Evolution (TD-LTE) technology begins to be considered in urban rail transit systems. In this paper, we first design a TD-LTE based urban rail CBTC train ground communication systems, the handover procedure and handover requirements according to CBTC system principle are analyzed next. For verifing whether the designed TD-LTE based system meet the handover performance demands when trains travel in high speed CBTC systems, a laboratory test environment and a real field test environment are set up. Massive test results show that the handover performance of TD-LTE based urban rail CBTC train ground communication systems meets the demands of urban rail transit systems.
Transformer Fault Portfolio Diagnosis Based on the Combination of the Multiple Bayesian Classifier and SVM

Due to the information of test data is incomplete and deviated in the power transformer fault diagnosis, and the Bayesian network can deal with uncertainty well. The article discusses the NB(Naive Bayesian classifier), SB(Selective Bayesian classifier), TAN(Tree Augmented Naïve Bayesian), BAN(BN Augmented Naïve Bayesian classifier) and GBN(General Bayesian Network), the five Bayesian classifier models for transformer fault diagnosis, and it is proposed a new method that the combination of the multiple Bayesian network classifiers and SVM for transformer fault diagnosis. The experiments show the portfolio model that that combined of multiple Bayesian classifiers and SVM is more suitable for transformer fault diagnosis, with a capacity processing the lack of information and more fault-tolerant performance, its performance is superior to single classifier method of diagnosis.
Antijam performance of FFH/BFSK with noise-normalization combining in a Nakagami-m fading channel with partial-band interference

The bit error rate (BER) performance of a noncoherent fast frequency-hopped binary orthogonal frequency-shift-keying (FFH/BFSK) spread spectrum noise-normalization combining receiver is evaluated in the presence of partial-band interference (PBI) and additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) over independent frequency-nonselective slowly Nakagami-m fading channels. It is shown from the analytical results, and verified by simulation, that a higher diversity level greatly improves the worst-case performance of the noise-normalization receivers over Rayleigh or more severe fading channels, while a lower diversity level is preferred for less severe fading channels. In the former case, a full band strategy is optimal for the interferer and a partial-band strategy is more disruptive in the latter case
An improved mean shift tracking method based on nonparametric clustering and adaptive bandwidth

An improved mean shift method for object tracking based on nonparametric clustering and adaptive bandwidth is presented in this paper. Based on partitioning the color space of a tracked object by using a modified nonparametric clustering, an appearance model of the tracked object is built. It captures both the color information and spatial layout of the tracked object. The similarity measure between the target model and the target candidate is derived from the Bhattacharyya coefficient. The kernel bandwidth parameters are automatically selected by maximizing the lower bound of a log-likelihood function, which is derived from a kernel density estimate using the bandwidth matrix and the modified weight function. The experimental results show that the method can converge in an average of 2.6 iterations per frame.
A metric space based software clone detection approach

Metric space is a set with definition of distance between eiements within this set. This paper introduces metric space into code cione detection, and uses the distance within a metric space to measure the simiiarity ievei of code. It proposed a process of building up a metric space to detect clones in software system. Based on metric space which is derived from software metric, the clone detection can get more convenience and flexibility. We also exercise the approach in a real industry project.
Ultimate Shareholders, Cash Flow Rights, Controlling Rights and Corporate Performance

This paper, with a firm-level dataset of private listed companies in Shanghai stock markets from 2004-2008 based on ultimate shareholder’s views, examines the effects of ultimate shareholder’s controlling rights, cash flow rights and the separation between controlling rights and cash flow rights on corporate performance and capital structure. The paper tries to give some suggestions on the improvement of corporate governance structure and interests protection of minority shareholders in China. We find that: (1) The higher the ultimate controlling shareholder’s cash flow rights, the better the corporate performance. (2) The higher ultimate shareholder’s controlling right, the worse the performance of the company. (3) The higher the degree of ultimate shareholder’s over-control, the worse the performance of the company.
Co-projection-plane based 3-D padding for polyhedron projection for 360-degree video

The polyhedron projection for 360-degree video is becoming more and more popular since it can lead to much less geometry distortion compared with the equirectangular projection. However, in the polyhedron projection, we can observe very obvious texture discontinuity in the area near the face boundary. Such a texture discontinuity may lead to serious quality degradation when motion compensation crosses the discontinuous face boundary. To solve this problem, in this paper, we first propose to fill the corresponding neighboring faces in the suitable positions as the extension of the current face to keep approximated texture continuity. Then a co-projection-plane based 3-D padding method is proposed to project the reference pixels in the neighboring face to the current face to guarantee exact texture continuity. Under the proposed scheme, the reference pixel is always projected to the same plane with the current pixel when performing motion compensation so that the texture discontinuity problem can be solved. The proposed scheme is implemented in the reference software of High Efficiency Video Coding. Compared with the existing method, the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the rate-distortion performance. The experimental results obviously demonstrate that the texture discontinuity in the face boundary can be well handled by the proposed algorithm.
Synthesis of Functional Feruloylated Lipids through Enzymatic Irreversible Transesterification Protocols

Functional feruloylated lipids, which are composed of 1(3)-feruloyl-monooleyl-glycerol (FMOG) and 1(3)-feruloyl-dioleyl-glycerol (FDOG), was prepared through the lipase-catalyzed irreversible transesterification between vinyl feruate (VF) and triolein (TO) in toluene. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization-mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) analysis confirmed the structure of VF. The influences of molar ratio of substrates, reaction time, reaction temperature, water activity and enzyme amount on the total conversion of reaction and conversion yield of FMOG and FDOG were analyzed systematically. The optimal conditions are as follows: VF:EF=1:3, 62h, 55&#730;C, aw 0.07, 20mg/mL Novozym 435. Under the optimal conditions, the average highest conversion of feruloylated lipids achieved was 92.29±±2.13%, which was composed of FMOG 39.78±±4.85% and FDOG 52.51±±6.01%, respectively. It could provide an efficient approach for preparing feruloylated lipids.
Service availability analysis in communication-based train control (CBTC) systems using WLANs

Data communication technology is one of the key subsystem in communication-based train control (CBTC), which is an automated train control system for railways that ensures safe operation of rail vehicles using data communications. In CBTC systems, less service availability could cause train derailment, collision or even catastrophic loss of lives or assets. Therefore, the availability of data communication should be carefully considered in designing CBTC systems. In this paper, we propose two WLAN-based data communication systems with redundancy in CBTC systems. The availability is analyzed using continuous time Markov chain (CTMC) model. We also model the WLAN-based data communication system behavior with Deterministic and Stochastic Petri Net (DSPN). The DSPN solution is used to show the soundness of our proposed CTMC model. Numerical examples illustrate that the proposed systems with redundancy can significantly improve the availability of communication availability in CBTC systems.
Study of user QoE improvement for dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (MPEG-DASH)

Video streaming over HTTP is becoming the de facto dominating paradigm for today's video applications. HTTP as an over-the-top (OTT) protocol has been leveraged for quality video traversal over the Internet. High user-received quality-of-experience (QoE) is driven not only by the new technology, but also by a wide range of user demands. Given the limitation of a traditional TCP/IP network for supporting video transmission, the typical on-off transfer pattern is inevitable. Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) establishes a simple architecture and enables new video applications to fully utilize the exiting physical network infrastructure. By deploying robust adaptive algorithms at the client side, DASH can provide a smooth streaming experience. We propose a dynamic adaptive algorithm in order to keep a high QoE for the average user's experience. We formulated our QoE optimization in a set of key factors. The results obtained by our empirical network traces show that our approach not only achieves a high average QoE but it also works stably under different network conditions.
A new traffic model for core-stateless scheduling

Core-stateless scheduling algorithms can provide a similar level of guaranteed services as the stateful approach, while they do not need per-flow management. They hence possess both the properties of quality-of-service (QoS) provisioning and high scalability. In this paper, by showing the current existing traffic models are not applicable to core-stateless networks, a new and efficient traffic model for characterizing traffic in a core-stateless network is proposed, and its properties are presented.
Research on establishment of trade market for property right of mineral resources in China

With the method of theoretical analysis this paper systematically introduces some important viewpoints of market exchange for property right of mineral resources according to the Interest-value Theory, which is the results of the project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), named Interest-value Theory and Problems of Capitalization for Mineral resources (project No.79670094). For example, the total value of a property right of mineral resources equals the sum of values capitalized, the items of the values capitalized include the values of purchasing a mining concession of mineral resources, the values of managerial fees collected by administrative authorities and the values of expenses occurred during exploring mineral resources. The new proposal about trade market for mineral resources with method of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in operational research for evaluations of mineral resources traded, the platform of electric -marketing and the new tax mode for matching this new market are also submitted on the basis of these important viewpoints. Establishing national trade market for property rights of mineral resources and newly adding purchase-tax of mineral resources in the trade of property rights of mineral resources are strongly recommended, and the main steps of establishing national trade market are given by the author at the end of this paper.
Evaluating services on the cloud using ontology QoS model

To achieve large scale reuse and economy of scale, software are wrapped into services and migrated to the cloud platform. As a result, the quality of software services are affected by many third party components such as infrastructure services and platform services. In the collaborative framework, the stake-holders may have distinct, even contradictive, quality objectives. It is necessary to build agreements on quality properties, and to evaluate at runtime system's conformance to its service level agreements from different views. The paper proposes a QoS (Quality of Services) model for software services deployed on the cloud. The model identifies QoS concerns from three dimensions: system resource utilization, service performance, and price. Ontology language is used to describe these quality concerns and their properties. Based on the quality model, the paper proposes a method for service satisfaction evaluation from the end users' view point, taking all the three categories of factors into consideration. Experiments are conducted on Amazon EC2 platform using SPECWeb Support benchmark. It analyzes how each factor contributes to the end systems' satisfaction for different EC2 instance configurations.
A supply chain network equilibrium model with stochastic multicriteria decision

Competitive supply chains compose a complex network with multi-tier structure, where members at same tier compete in a Nash game. Under the assumption that the consumers are stochastic multicriteria decision-makers, who firstly choose which retailer they transact with, and then make their consumption decisions with deficient information, this paper use nested logit model to character the consumerspsila choice. The equilibrium models of each tier and the whole network are developed by the method of variational inequality, along with their economic interpretations. Finally, an algorithm for solving the equilibrium of supply chain network is provided and used to solve a numerical example. The example shows the validity of the model and efficiency of the algorithm.
A hybrid method for Web data extraction

Web data extraction refers to the technology that helps people find wanted information from the Web. We first classify existing data extraction algorithms into two classes: top-down and bottom-up, and then analyze their strengths and weaknesses in terms of extraction accuracy. On the basis of this analysis, we present a hybrid algorithm: bi-direction data extraction (BiDDE for short), which takes the full strengths of both top-down and bottom-up algorithms and yet avoid their weaknesses. The experimental results show that BiDDE has not only higher accuracy than top-down algorithm and bottom-up algorithm, but satisfactory performance.
Synthesis and Characterization of Optically Active Macromolecular Prodrugs with Chemo-Enzymatic Protocol

A facile procedure combining enzymatic resolution with chemical polymerization was developed to prepare optically active polymeric prodrug containing glucose. Polymerizable optically active (R)-1-O-vinyladipoyl-chlorphenesin ((R)-OVAC) was obtained in excellent optically purity (ee>99.9%) and high yield (~50%) in short time, and optically active (S)-N-vinyladipoyl-propranolol ((S)-NVAP) was obtained in optically purity (ee=88%) by lipase-catalyzed resolution after optimization of reaction conditions. Then, polymerizable optically active monomer was copolymerized with polymerizable glycolipid 6-O-vinyladipyl-D-glucose (OVADG) using AIBN as the initiator. The obtained optically active polymeric prodrugs poly-(OVAC-co-OVADG) and poly-(NVAP-co-OVADG) were characterized by IR, NMR and GPC.
Analytical Methods for Minimizing Cogging Torque in Permanent-Magnet Machines

Cogging torque in permanent-magnet machines causes torque and speed ripples, as well as acoustic noise and vibration, especially in low speed and direct drive applications. In this paper, a general analytical expression for cogging torque is derived by the energy method and the Fourier series analysis, based on the air gap permeance and the flux density distribution in an equivalent slotless machine. The optimal design parameters, such as slot number and pole number combination, skewing, pole-arc to pole-pitch ratio, and slot opening, are derived analytically to minimize the cogging torque. Finally, the finite-element analysis is adopted to verify the correctness of analytical methods.
Eco-Friendly, Water-Induced In2O3 Thin Films for High-Performance Thin-Film Transistors and Inverters

Solution-driven metal–oxide semiconductors have recently received much attention as a viable option for low-cost, flexible electronic devices. In this paper, a simple, environmentally friendly aqueous solution method has been adopted to deposit an ultrathin In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> semiconductor layer with a thickness of about 7 nm at low temperature. Then, in combination with the advantages of atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology, an ultrathin aluminum oxide dielectric layer of about 20 nm was prepared to fabricate high-performance In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> thin-film transistor (TFT) devices. The device with optimized annealing temperature of 280 °C has demonstrated an excellent electrical performance, including a high saturation mobility of 11.85 cm<sup>2</sup> · V<sup>−1</sup> · s<sup>−1</sup>, a large ON/OFF current ratio of 10<sup>6</sup>, a low threshold voltage of 0.12 V, a small hysteresis voltage of 0.05 V, and a small density of interface state of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\textsf {1.97} \times \textsf {10}^{\textsf {12}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm<sup>−2</sup>, respectively. To demonstrate the potential of In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/AlO<sub><italic>x</italic></sub> TFT toward more complex logic applications, the unipolar inverter was further constructed and exhibited a high gain of 5. Importantly, all these device parameters were obtained at an ultralow operating voltage of 2.5 V. As a result, it can be inferred that the water-induced In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> TFTs based on ALD-derived Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> dielectrics have a potential application as a promising alternative for low-cost, low-power consumption, and large-area environmentally friendly oxide flexible electronics.