nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of comprehensive protection system of the preventing run-circle in inclined-shaft

In view of the defect of existing preventing run-circle devices such as that it can not collect the signal of the run-circle of mine car, and can not catch the mine car that is out of control, always has a mis-operation and so on. Combining the advantages of the existing preventing run-circle devices both at home and abroad, on the premise of that it does not violate the rule of “the preventing run-circle device must be normally closed type in the Inclined-shaft” which is derived from <the safety rules of the coal mine>, we designed the comprehensive protection system of the preventing run-circle in inclined-shaft. The system is made up of retarder, the preventing run-circle device of the normally closed type and the normally opened type. It combines the preventing run-circle device of normally closed type and normally open type, adding the conctrol of the hoist, laying out the monitoring and voice alarm equipment and so on. They realize the comprehensive protection including the double protection of the mine car, automatic interlock and so on. This system not only improves the safety factor of the bunching's transportation in Inclined-shaft, but also ensures the safety of the workers in Inclined-shaft.
3D shape reconstruction from 2D ISAR measurements

At present, most of 3D reconstruction algorithms only use the range history of scatters for ISAR frame. The reconstruction algorithm that utilizes both range and cross range data is proposed to replace of the method using only the range, which improves the reconstruction accuracy and decreases the least image quantity for the successful reconstruction. The 3D Euclidean distances between points are used to evaluate the accuracy performance of the proposed algorithm. The experiment results show that the proposed algorithm acquire the better accuracy performance than the method for range only under the same image quantity.
Coal Mine Subsided Water Quality Assessment and Subsided Water Resource Comprehensive Utilization Analysis A Case of Subsided Water Area in Panyi Coal Mine

In order to provide the theoretical basis for comprehensive utilization of coal mine subsided water resource in Huainan coal mine, 39 water sampling points in two typical subsided water areas of Panyi coal mine are chosen to monitor the water quality by sampling, the heavy metal elements of water body are analyzed and the fuzzy synthetic evaluation technique is used to analyze the water quality comprehensively. The results show that the water quality of well closed subsided water area in the west presents a decreasing tendency from the center of the water body to both banks, the water quality of the center profile is grade •; But the water quality of the subsided water area in the east that is connected with Nihe River is relatively poor and water qualities of all monitored profiles are all grade • or •. Due to the influence of polluting sources from mining industries, the pollution intensity of heavy metal elements in the east subsided water area is more serious than the west subsided water area. The subsided water areas of Panyi coalmine are polluted in different degree, but they can be comprehensively utilized if they are protected and corresponding treatment measures are adopted.
Efficient migration mechanism for computing units based on mobile agent in distributed simulation system

Traditional Mobile Agent (MA) migration mechanisms focus mainly on asynchronous distributed system, and thus encapsulate the whole migration process into an inseparable action. The lack of consideration of Time-Space Consistency makes Mobile Agent System (MAS) necessary to be under the control of certain high level architecture (like HLA) in Distributed Simulation Systems (DSS). However, the scheme imports migration latency which is unbearable to those systems with strict restrains on real-time performance. By utilizing the decision ability of the task execution agent, the migration granularity can be decided based on the exact task. Then the better efficient migration scheme can be chosen to meet the synchronous requirement and then decrease the migration latency. Contrast experiment is done and the new mechanism performs better time-efficiency in most conditions. This means that the intelligence of mobile agents can contribute to the migration mechanism details and boost the general performance.
Improvement of the Mass Burning Rate in a Quasi-dimensional Turbulent Combustion Model of SI Engines

In this paper, a quasi-dimensional turbulent combustion model for SI engines is thoroughly studied. On burning rate equation, a new formula is put forward, with mechanism difference from the traditional models. In the traditional models, all different eddies formed in different periods are burnt in identical rate; while in the new formulae, every eddy has its own life and is burnt in different rate. They are separated from each other and are consumed in exponential law.
Bit allocation for progressive fine granularity scalable video coding with temporal-SNR scalabilities

We propose two bit-allocation schemes for the progressive fine granularity scalable video coding with the temporal-SNR scalability (PFGST in short). One is a simple method which gives the reference images high priority. The other is a method based on the rate-distortion relationship of each frame. Experimental results show that both the methods achieve significant gain if compared with the uniform rate allocation scheme. At high bit rates, we can achieve 0.5dB gain and even more, at middle bit rates the gain can be up to 7dB depending on the sequences coded and coding parameters.
A digital high performance PMSM servo system based on DSP and FPGA

This paper concerns a kind of high performance permanent magnet synchronous servo system. Based on analyzing the mathematical model and vector control theory of permanent magnet synchronous motor, a method is applied to design servo system, which makes the current of D axis equal to zero. The system uses FPGA and DSP as the control unit, which increase the computation ability, simplify the circuit and guarantee the system stability. After analyzing the key links of the permanent magnet synchronous servo system, we discuss how to realize multi-loop control system through programming. Finally, the experimental course and the testing results on the numerical control machine of the designed system are given, which are the evidences of system correctness and system feasibility.
Fault Diagnosis Based on K-Means Clustering and PNN

This paper presents the development of an algorithm based on K-Means clustering and probabilistic neural network (PNN) for classifying the industrial system faults. The proposed technique consists of a preprocessing unit based on K-Means clustering and probabilistic neural network (PNN). Given a set of data points, firstly the K-Means algorithm is used to obtain K-temporary clusters, and then PNN is used to diagnose faults. To validate the performance and effectiveness of the proposed scheme, K-Means and PNN are applied to diagnose the faults in TE Process. Simulation studies show that the proposed algorithm not only provides an accepted degree of accuracy in fault classification under different fault conditions and the result is also reliable.
Hybrid opto-electric integrated devices on polymer platform

Hybrid integration technology using cheaper material platforms is considered to be a powerful solution for optical devices. Among them, the polymer planar-lightwave circuit (PLC) technology is regarded attractive; because polymer offers the potential of fairly simple and low-cost fabrication, high freedom of design, yield optimization and relative cost-efficiency, while other active and passive devices can be integrated on the polymer PLC platform. In this paper, we present exemplary polymer waveguide devices such as arrayed waveguide grating (AWG), and optical 90° hybrid realized with 2 paired 2×2 multi-mode interferometers (MMI). Typical characteristics of these devices are given, and integration concepts of these devices with other optical elements, e.g. a half wave plate, photodiodes, are also demonstrated. Last but not least, we demonstrate the end-fire coupling between a curved striped distributed feedback (DFB) laser and the polymer PLC.
Energy-Efficiency Continuous Object Tracking via Automatically Adjusting Sensing Range in Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be used in many applications. Object tracking is one of the most important applications. There are many researches about tracking individual object but few researches on tracking continuous object. Continuous object affects a large number of nodes so needs more communication and cooperation to track it comparing with individual object. In this paper we propose an energy-efficiency continuous object tracking (ECOT) protocol. In ECOT, a sensor node identify itself whether a boundary node or not via automatically adjusting its sensing range instead of communicating with neighboring nodes since radio communication which consumes much more energy than adjusting sensing range. Furthermore just a subset of boundary nodes will send data back to sink node with a small-size message by a representative node selection mechanism. Finally the sink node can estimate the object’s position and shape by locating object mechanism. The analysis and simulation results demonstrate that ECOT outperform than previous work and achieves high fidelity and significantly reduces the amount of communication messages.
A cooperative jamming protocol for full-duplex relaying with full-duplex receiver

This paper investigates the secrecy performance of a full-duplex relaying (FDR) system with a full-duplex (FD) receiver. A novel cooperative jamming protocol is proposed to improve physical layer security, where the FD receiver sends interference to the eavesdropper to degrade its received signal-to-noise ratio when receiving signals from the relay and the source. Taking the residual self-interference (RSI) at both the relay and the FD receiver into consideration, the expressions of secrecy outage probability of the system are derived, where two independent behaviors of the relay toward the jamming signal are considered, 1) the jamming signal from the FD receiver is recognized as an interference at the relay; and 2) the jamming signal is priori known at the relay. Simulation results verified the correctness of the derived expressions and the effectiveness of the proposed protocol. It is demonstrated that the secrecy performance of the system can be significantly enhanced and the gain in terms of the decreased secrecy outage probability becomes more evident in case that the RSI is somewhat low when the proposed protocol is used.
A New Linear Rate Control Algorithm for H.264 Based on PID Controller

This paper proposes a new rate control algorithm for H.264 based on the linear rate model and proportional-integer-derivative(PID) controller. It has been testified that the linear rate control algorithm can provide more accurate and robust rate control in various standard video coding systems, such as MPEG-2, H.263, MPEG-4 and H.264. Human is not only sensitive to a large distortion variation to spatial quality, but also sensitive to temporal quality. In order to have better tradeoff between spatial and temporal quality, the PID controller is inducted into the linear rate control algorithm for H.264. A scene-change handling method is used in the PID controller to deal with scene changes. The experimental results show that the proposed method provides promising coding quality and lowers the impact of a scene change.
A dual-input Boost-Buck converter with coupled inductors for TEG applications

A dual-input Boost-Buck converter with coupled inductors (DIBBCI) is proposed for thermoelectric generator (TEG) power system, where low current ripple under wide input voltage range is required for the converter. The DIBBCI is constructed by cascading two Boost cells with a Buck cell, and the filter inductors of the Buck cell is composed of two inductors, which are inverse-coupled with two filter inductors of Boost cells. Reduced size and power loss of the filter inductors are achieved benefiting from the DC magnetic flux cancellation. A control strategy for free and seamless modes transfer among constant-voltage, constant-current and distributed maximum power point tracking (MPPT) are also proposed. The operational principles, the influence of the coupled inductors and design considerations are analyzed in detail. A 450W prototype is built with experimental results given to verify the analysis.
Graph Embedding and Extensions: A General Framework for Dimensionality Reduction

A large family of algorithms - supervised or unsupervised; stemming from statistics or geometry theory - has been designed to provide different solutions to the problem of dimensionality reduction. Despite the different motivations of these algorithms, we present in this paper a general formulation known as graph embedding to unify them within a common framework. In graph embedding, each algorithm can be considered as the direct graph embedding or its linear/kernel/tensor extension of a specific intrinsic graph that describes certain desired statistical or geometric properties of a data set, with constraints from scale normalization or a penalty graph that characterizes a statistical or geometric property that should be avoided. Furthermore, the graph embedding framework can be used as a general platform for developing new dimensionality reduction algorithms. By utilizing this framework as a tool, we propose a new supervised dimensionality reduction algorithm called marginal Fisher analysis in which the intrinsic graph characterizes the intraclass compactness and connects each data point with its neighboring points of the same class, while the penalty graph connects the marginal points and characterizes the interclass separability. We show that MFA effectively overcomes the limitations of the traditional linear discriminant analysis algorithm due to data distribution assumptions and available projection directions. Real face recognition experiments show the superiority of our proposed MFA in comparison to LDA, also for corresponding kernel and tensor extensions
A novel TDMA and multi-hop MAC protocol in cluster-based wireless sensor networks

In this paper, a novel TDMA and multi-hop medium access control protocol for cluster-based wireless sensor networks is presented. The communication protocol between cluster head and cluster nodes is developed from the Lightweight Medium Access Protocol (LMAC), but it makes up the defect of the poor network scalability of LMAC which cause from the fixed number of sensor nodes by adding a request slot in time frame and a request section in each work slot. The advantage of the protocol is the inherent energy-efficiency due to the lack of collisions. In addition, the multi-hop mechanism has been developed between cluster head nodes and base station to ensure long-distance information transmission.
Agglutinative Language Speech Recognition Using Automatic Allophone Deriving

Agglutinative language involves agglutination extensively, which results in the significant pronunciation variations in different contexts. Therefore, it is a problem to use phoneme sets translated from their written forms as basic units for acoustic modeling, due to the incapability to capture the pronunciation variations in Large-vocabulary continuous speech recognition (LVCSR). This paper presented a novel approach called Automatic allophone deriving (AAD) to create allophone candidates without any linguistic prior knowledge. Furthermore, an enhanced approach AAD-LT is proposed in which longtime features are used in AAD approach. Experiments are conducted on three languages which contains two agglutinative ones and an analytic one. The experiments suggest that AAD Long-time (AAD-LT) is very effective for the agglutinative languages in which more than 10% relative CER reduction is obtained.
Joint beamforming and transmit diversity for wireless communications

Antenna arrays can be used in wireless communication systems to improve system performance. Both beamforming (BF) and transmit diversity (TD), which exploit antenna arrays, are promising techniques for increasing channel capacity. Two downlink transmission methods combining beamforming with transmit diversity in the closed-loop mode are proposed, and, according to the actual channel states, the transmitter can adaptively change the transmission mode between the two methods. Both the methods combine BF, space-time block coding (STBC) and selection transmit diversity (STD), but the first one uses diversity arrays while the second one uses beamforming arrays for downlink transmission. By simulation, the complexities of the two methods are compared with respect to antenna configuration and information feedback, and their improved performances over the original STBC scheme are investigated in detail.
Efficient Quasi-Three-Level Laser Operation of Nd:Gd:LuAG Crystal and Blue Light Generation

The quasi-three-level laser operation of Nd:Gd:LuAG crystal is reported for the first time. The maximum continuous-wave (CW) output power of over more than 3 W was obtained with an optical conversion efficiency of 40.0% and a slope efficiency of 55.5%. With Cr:YAG as the saturable absorber, the passively Q-switched laser was achieved with the maximum average output power, shortest pulse width and pulse energy of 820 mW, 21.3 ns, and 124 μJ, respectively. By using a type-II cut LBO crystal as the intracavity frequency doubler, the maximum output power of 802 mW for CW operation and 331 mW for passively Q-switched operation were achieved at the wavelength of 474 nm.
Current distribution on a convex-concave cylinder with impedance boundary

Current distribution on a convex-concave cylinder with impedance boundary condition is investigated by a novel iteration method. The proposed method, combining the Toplitz transform and superrelax iteration, can deal with the problem of a 2-D electrically large body. It can determine the optimum parameter of radar absorbing film on the surface of a scattering cylinder to reduce RCS Numerical examples and experimental measurements are presented.<<ETX>>
Exact outage probability for decode-and-forward two-way relaying with asymmetric traffics

In this paper, we conduct a new outage analysis for decode-and-forward (DF) two-way half-duplex relaying with asymmetric traffics. Starting from the description of outage capacity and outage probability, we present a definition of outage event by jointly considering outage events at the two senders. Then, we derive the closed-form outage probability expressions for a conventional three-node DF two-way relaying network in frequency-nonselective Rayleigh fading channels, where the derived exact expressions are applicable to all traffics, rate and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values and link gains. Numerical and Monte Carlo simulation experiments are done. Our results show that for some specific traffics the performance measure of outage probability is only determined by one-way channel. Moreover, our results validate the accuracy of the derived closed-form expressions and the propositions.
Edge scattering evaluation of complex target based on Unigraphics

Because of the fact that Unigraphics(UG) is employed extensively as 3D molding software, integration of RCS calculation into UG will provide more advantages especially for both target shape design and it's stealth performance analysis, but the edge extraction and the edge scattering evaluation are complex in the traditional method. This paper proposes a simple method for edge scattering evaluation based on UG and presents a new software using this method. In the end, illustrative numerical results are presented, which demonstrate that the method is indeed accurate and efficient for edge scattering evaluation of complex target.
A QoS management scheme for paralleled networked control systems with CAN bus

Recently, parallel computation has been applied to many areas while there are little examples about its implementation in control systems. Here a parallel computation method for networked control systems is introduced, with an example of pipeline parallelism. The paralleled networked control systems could increase sampling rates and then improve the quality of performance. But such a parallelism would also increase the amount of data, which aggravates network load. In this case, QoS management is necessary to improve the overall utilization of system resources, which is feasible due to applying of smart control devices. So a QoS management scheme called MVTF is presented according to aggravated transmission delay and delay jitter arising within paralleled systems. And a simulation to evaluate the scheme is carried out to paralleled networked control systems closed over a CAN bus. This scheme is also compared to a well known scheme. Simulation results show that the QoS management scheme for the paralleled networked control systems is effective.
ANN based multiple power system stabilizers adaptive and coordinated control

Application of artificial neural network (ANN) in the design of an adaptive power system stabilizer is presented in this paper. ANN and Prony analysis were used to track the dynamic characteristics of the generator and the power systems, then the controller is designed. Test results show that the proposed ANN PSS can perform well over a wide range of operating conditions and provide better dynamic performance than a fix parameter conventional PSS (CPSS).
Joint receiver-and-collaborative beamforming for the multi-user relay network in the uplink

In this paper, the problem of receiver-and-collaborative beamforming is considered for a network which consists of K single-antenna transmitters, R single-antenna relay nodes, and a destination base station equipped with N antennas. For such network, we propose two different design approaches. In the first approach, we jointly design the two beamformers aiming to minimize the total transmit power of the relay nodes, while maintaining the quality of service (QoS) at a predefined level. We apply the genetic algorithm (GA) to obtain the receiver equalizer and relay weight. In the second approach, we design the beamformer by maximizing the smallest SINRk at the receiver subject to the total relay power constraint. The GA is used iteratively to optimize the relay weight and equalizer matrix at the relay nodes and the receiver equalizer. Simulation results demonstrate that significant performance improvements are achieved by our proposed schemes as compared with the existing solutions.
Diode-Pumped Passively Mode-Locked Tm:  $\hbox{CaGdAlO}_{4}$ Laser at 2-  $\mu \hbox{m}$ Wavelength

We report on a diode-pumped passively mode-locked picosecond Tm:CaGdAlO4 (Tm:CALGO) laser using a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror as the mode locker. With Tm:CALGO disordered crystal as gain medium, the mode-locked laser generated pulses with pulse duration of 27 ps, repetition rate of 128.6 MHz, and maximum average power of 330 mW at 1949.5 nm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a mode-locked Tm:CALGO disordered crystal laser. The continuous-wave (CW) laser performance of Tm:CALGO was also investigated, and the maximum CW power was 730 mW. Our research results show that Tm:CALGO crystal is an excellent bulk medium for picosecond pulse generation at 2-μm wavelength.