nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
IEC61850 based modeling of self-control area for topology recognition in hierarchical and distributed control of distribution network

Large scale application of intermittent energy resources in distribution network has brought about great challenges to information processing on operation-management level. To make the processing more scientific and orderly, the concept of hierarchical and distributed control mode was put forward, in which all the DER systems in one distribution network are divided into several self-control areas, operating optimized controlling independently and hierarchically. Currently, there is no uniform information model to describe the concept “self-control area” yet, which makes it difficult for upper management class to operate topology recognition and to update the information of feeders connected to a certain self-control area timely. In this paper, the functional requirements for hierarchical and distributed control were analyzed, and an information model for self-control area is constructed. The information model hides specific characteristics of DER equipment within the self-control area and only provides generic view of the DER system for the upper management level. In addition, the model is constructed according to IEC61850 standard rule, containing additional information about the area's boundary, which helps improve the information interaction between different DER systems. Finally, a study case was constructed to illustrate the general progress of self-control area coordinate controlling and how the topology recognition system was realized.
Real-time software GNSS signal simulator accelerated by CUDA

Software GNSS signal simulators produce the digital IF signal to test the algorithms of GNSS receiver. Because of the limitation of parallel computing capability that general CPU can provide, software GNSS simulator cannot generate signal synchronously when the sample rate is tens of MSPS. To solve this problem, a DDFS algorithm accelerated by CUDA technology is introduced. By optimizing the data transitions and execution path, the real-time simulation can run at sample rate up to 58MSPS. The simulator has been proved functional by general GNSS acquisition and tracking software.
Formal description of the cognitive process of decision making

Decision making is one of the basic cognitive processes of human behaviors by which a preferred option or a course of actions is chosen from among a set of alternatives based on certain criteria. Decision theories are widely applied in a number of disciplines encompassing cognitive science, computer science, management science, economics, sociology, psychology, political science, and statistics. The studies on decision making can be categorized into two classes: descriptive and normative theories. A number of decision strategies have been proposed from different angles and application domains such as the maximum expected utility and Bayesian method. However, there is still a lack of a fundamental and mathematical decision model and a rigorous cognitive process for decision making. This paper presents a decision making process on the basis of the layered reference model of the brain (LRMB). The cognitive process of decision making is modeled as a sequence of Cartesian-product based selections. A rigorous description of the decision process in real-time process algebra (RTPA) is presented. Different decision making strategies are comparatively analyzed. The result shows these strategies can be well fit in the formally described decision process. The cognitive process of decision making may be applied in a wide range of decision-based systems, such as cognitive informatics, software agent systems, expert systems, and decision support systems.
A New Method for Analyzing Large Size Parabolic Cylindrical Reflector Antenna

This paper proposes a new method for analyzing the reflector antenna by incorporating the simulating results from EM software into the theoretical computation, and the coupling effect between the horns can be considered by this method. To show the accuracy and validity of the proposed method, a parabolic cylindrical reflector antenna with a horn array feed is investigated. Compared with entire simulation by EM software, this method can save the computation time and improve the computational efficiency. It is very proper to analyze the large size reflector antenna
An Ontology-Based LBS System

Location based services can exploit geographical information to provide users with proper services and information. However, the existing LBS systems can only deal with longitude, latitude and altitude, but can not interpret the semantic of locations. In this paper we propose an ontology-based LBS system, which introduce OWL encoded ontology and the corresponding reasoning approaches. With the support of rule-based and ontology-based reasoning, consistency can be checked; implicit information can be obtained; and the semantic similarity can be measured. The performance evaluation results indicate that the presented methods are efficient. Finally, a prototype is also given in the paper.
An Arbitrary Waveform Generator for Switch-Linear Hybrid Flexible Waveform Power Amplifier

To generate the reference waveforms of the switch-linear hybrid flexible waveform power amplifier, an arbitrary waveform generator is implemented in this paper. With the advantages of the DDFS, such as fast setting time, high frequency resolution, continuous-phase, short switching time, low phase noise, there is significant interests in exploring the arbitrary waveform generator based on DDFS to replace costly and inadequate conventional waveform generators. The whole architecture of the system is investigated in detail. The arbitrary waveform generator system introduced by this paper consists of the control unit and the waveform data generation unit. A microcontroller is the main component of the control unit to coordinate the whole system working. DSP is utilized to compute and generate the waveform data. Any arbitrary waveform described by mathematic functions can be generated by the novel system described in this paper.
Research on Low Voltage Power Line Carrier Communication Test Environment

Low voltage power line carrier communication simulation software and simulation test system is analog carrier communication channel environment in different ways, the two systems complement each other, the former design stage for communications equipment, flexible and comprehensive simulation of the channel complex transmission characteristics; the latter stages of a communication device for debugging, you can be more effective and intuitive reflect any change in the characteristics of the load. This paper describes the combination of the two respective characteristics of its ability to effectively simulate the actual channel transmission characteristics.
Direct digital frequency synthesizer based on curve approximation

Phase to amplitude conversion is an essential part in the technique of direct digital frequency synthesis. A novel theory of phase to amplitude conversion named curve approximation is proposed in this paper to solve the existing problems of present digital frequency synthesizers. It has more advantages over traditional phase to amplitude conversion methods, such as simple hardware circuit, fast conversion speed, low loss and high precision. A mathematical function approximating normalized waveforms is presented in the paper and then is corrected by a small ROM lookup table containing the difference between normalized waveform and curve approximation. It can be seen from MATLAB simulation that the given curve is essentially coincident with the normalized waveform. Frequency synthesizer based on DSP and MCU verifies the feasibility of curve approximation in direct digital frequency synthesis. Experimental result shows that this method has excellent performance.
A Framework for Context-Aware Service Recommendation

Accomplishing well-timed service recommendation involves context-awareness and calculation of similarity between services. An ontology-based context model, in which RDF reification is used to describe temporal characteristics, is presented in this paper. Accordingly, ontology-based context reasoning which cooperates with duration reasoning is adopted to derive high-level contexts from raw data. SAW algorithm is also improved in the capability of dealing with semantics, and with the advanced algorithm, an appropriate service can be selected from service depository as the proposal to the user. Finally, the architecture of the proposed framework is explained.
Combining directional intra prediction and intra block copy with block partition for HEVC

The directional intra prediction (DIP) modes in HEVC are capable of predicting local continuous image features. Recently, intra block copy (IBC) is proposed for screen content coding, aiming at predicting non-local recurrent image features. For natural video, we observe that recurrent features are often irregular and not aligned with blocks. Thus, we propose a combination of DIP and IBC with block partition for better intra prediction, where one block can be divided into several partitions, each of which may choose between DIP and IBC. We study an intra prediction scheme with the proposed combination, especially the rate-distortion optimization and entropy coding in the scheme. Preliminary experimental results show that the proposed combined intra prediction achieves as high as 5.8% bit-rate saving compared to HEVC anchor.
Speed Governing Controller of Gasoline Engine Based on Integral-Separation Fuzzy PID Control

Suitable controller is a significant part in speed governing system of gasoline engine. In this paper, an integral-separation fuzzy PID algorithm used in controller is proposed to enhance the static and dynamic characteristics of speed governing system. The designed controller in this paper, based on the mathematical model of speed governing system, was established by using MATLAB/Simulink as the platform to simulate the process of gasoline engine starting and load mutating. The simulation results indicate that integral-separation fuzzy PID controller is better than traditional PID controller because it can obviously improve the speed adjusting characteristic of the gasoline engine in full operating conditions.
Morphological Postprocessing for Color Flow Imaging in Medical Ultrasound

Color flow imaging in medical ultrasound color codes pixels in blood vessels according to its estimated velocity, which is calculated at every pixel within a user selected region of interest regardless of whether the pixel came from tissue or blood flow. Hence, a tissue/flow detector is required to color code only flow pixels. Scanning conditions and scenarios, available output parameters from the chosen estimator, and system noise or other sources of error may pose fundamental difficulties in making the correct tissue/flow decision at all spatial locations and all temporal frames. Therefore, post-processing on the decision data may be necessary for robust detection. We propose a morphological spatial method based on complementary hulling that significantly improves the accuracy of tissue/flow detection while improving the accuracy of velocity estimates. We compare the method to other spatial techniques from in-vivo and in-vitro data. Our method is shown to be more accurate at removing both false positive and false negative decisions and corrects noisy velocity estimations.
Scalability and Bandwidth Optimization for Data Center Networks

Data centers now being built may contain tens of thousands hosts, and this number is still growing. Deficiencies of the conventional network architecture are gradually revealed. It is facing a set of limitations such as poor scalability, resources fragmentation, lack of support for virtual machine migration and inefficient packets forwarding. In this paper, we propose an alternative solution which is more suitable for data center than the traditional structure. We redesign a large and scalable layer 2 network that supports VM migration better and removes resource fragmentation. We employ a global controller to maintain network information which can be accessed through a directory service running on the controller. With the directory service we achieve proxy ARP resolving and MAC-in-MAC tunneling while forwarding data frames. Moreover, we replace the shortest path first route algorithm with bandwidth-aware forwarding algorithm that dynamically adjusts route when overloaded link detected. The simulation results show that our approach can significantly increase the aggregate throughput and is more efficient.
A Method of Construction of the Chinese and English Bilingual Translation Corpus Based on Web Data Mining

The paper introduces a method of construction of the Chinese and English bilingual translation corpus based on web data mining. To collect huge amount of page data by web spider, and identify bilingual web page by a series of complicated purification and analysis process, then analysis the DOM structure of the two page text, we can get the Chinese and English parallel translation corpus and save them to database. As the corpus accumulated by machine automatically, it has higher efficiency, and the translate content come from the internet, original resource is rich and accurate relatively, it can provide a good reference data for translation software.
Target Based Software Process Evaluation Model and Application

This paper presents the target-based software process evaluation model (TSPEM) with the decomposition and analysis of the orgnization goals and application of tipical technology of statistical prosess control (SPC). This paper also achieves assesment of each subprocess by analyzing the mappin relationship among orgnization goals, metric indicators and subprocesses. At the end of this paper, an example is provided as the application of this model.
Backtracking based algorithm in hierarchical time-extended Petri net model for power system restoration

The research on power system restoration (PSR) is attracting more and more attention. During the process of system restoration, a wide variety of control actions have to be performed on time within the operating constraints. In this paper, the actions and their relationship are modeled as a controlled hierarchical time-extended Petri net (H-EPN). In order to find a feasible sequence of actions quickly and automatically and to minimize the loss of the blackout, an algorithm based on best-first search algorithm is proposed. Different rules are marked with assessed weights by analytical hierarchy process (AHP). In addition to the classical heuristic rules, the backtracking search algorithm is employed to optimize the final solution. The result indicates that common heuristic rules cannot always find the optimal solution. The backtracking search algorithm is necessary when various heuristic rules are in collision or even with constraints. Test results on practical system are given to demonstrate the validity of the algorithm
Design of Electro-Hydraulic Servo Force Feedback System Based on the GPC with Simplified Model

An electro-hydraulic servo force feedback system is disturbed by a band-limited white noise, it adopted the conventional PID control algorithm. Simulated its dynamic characteristics. Constructed the system simplified model, Designed the GPC Controller and summarized its design procedure. The simulation based on the GPC with simplified model has been done. Compared the two simulation results, The GPC controller is more suitable when the system is disturbed by serious noise interference, It had been validated in project. This research have proved that design the electro-hydraulic system and choose the control algorithm can be proceed simultaneously, The efficiency and accuracy of the electro-hydraulic servo system design can be improved.
Relation Grid: A Social Relationship Network Model

In this paper, a social network model based on real social relationships, referred as relation grid, is proposed. Relation grid is isomorphic to the actual social network; hence it can represent the actual social network well. It is discussed that the proposed model is pure distributed, scalable, self-adaptive and self-organized. The application perspective of relation grid is encouraging. It not only provides a new way to acquire social relationships, but also can be used as an underlying background to construct online communities and organization.
An 11%-Power-Conversion-Efficiency Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Solar Cell Achieved by Facile Organic Passivation

Ultrathin (<; 5 nm) polymer layers formed on crystalline silicon by solution deposition are used as surface passivation layers to realize highly efficient organic-inorganic solar cells. A conductive polymer is then deposited on the passivated silicon surface as a hole transporting layer to fabricate Schottky solar cells. The solar cell with a polyethylenimine passivation layer exhibits an excellent efficiency of 11%. The devices are fabricated by a simple solution-based spin-coating method at low temperature ( <; 150 °C), which may be used to produce efficient organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells at low cost.
Gearbox Diagnosis Based on N4SID Subspace Method

Gearbox is a kind of complex mechanical configuration; the recent methods can’t completely represent the system characteristic of gearbox. So the paper put forward a gearbox modeling method based on N4SID model. It analyzed gearbox state from the angle of system interior description and diagnosed. It improved from result that the method can diagnose sorts of gearbox faults accurately. The method has great significance for gearbox modeling method and diagnosis technology.
Optimal Solution for Grid Resource Allocation Using Particle Swarm Optimization

Resource allocation in grid environment is a complex undertaking due to the heterogeneity and dynamic nature aroused by wide area sharing. To address the heterogeneous and computationally intractable problem of resource allocation optimization in grid, this paper presents an allocation algorithm for parallel tasks based on particle swarm optimization. The heterogeneity of grid user is tackled by introducing a universal utility function. And that computational intractability is solved using iterative searching of particle swarm. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is convergent and performs better than genetic algorithm.
Application of multi-agent technology in micro-grid system

This paper proposes a multi-agent technology to energy management of the distributed generations in a micro-grid system. An introduction and analysis of the distributed intelligent multi-agent technology are presented first, including its three-layered architecture and operation mechanism. Then, the objective function about micro-grid system is given. Control strategy of a multi-agent system and several common distributed generations are presented in detail with a framework containing some kinds of agents. Discussion about the multi-agent system and each agent's behaviors are included. It demonstrates that the proposed multi-agent technology is successfully monitored, controlled and operated for the energy management of the distributed generations in micro-grid system.
Analysis of the Balance of the Production Line Based on the Gearbox Assembly Process

Based on the line balancing, the assembly process of the automobile gearbox was analyzed. By using the Method Study in the line balancing - Program Analysis, the entire assembly process was studied to readjust the bottleneck process. The operation time is reduced and the assembling progress is optimized as the result of the readjustment, and the result can provide reference for the line balancing from "improvement afterward" to "control" or even "prevention forward".
SAD Based Sensor-Less Freehand 3D Ultrasound Reconstruction with Adaptive Curve Correction

This paper presents a real-time sensor-less ultrasound 3D motion estimation algorithm. The out- of-plane motion of the ultrasound probe could be obtained by the decorrelation of the speckle pattern in ultrasound b-scan frames. The algorithm uses SAD as the indication of decorrelation to obtain the motion of the frame. To improve the accuracy in scans of real-tissue, an adaptive curve correction method is also applied. The experiments show that it's feasible and necessary for the adaptive curve correction method to be used in SAD based approach.
A Study on Evaluation Index System of New-Type Industrialization

It is an important task to achieve a new-type industrialization for China's economic construction at present, and it become a important subject that how to evaluate the level of new-type industrialization level for the government sector and the academia. In this paper, An evaluation index system of new-type industrialization is built from seven aspects those are development stage of industrialization, structural change, the scientific and technological content, economic benefits, resources and environmental conditions, the level of industrial enterprises in information and human resources utilization and labor productivity on the basis of concept of the new-type of industrialization and the principles of construction of evaluation index system.
High performance motor-pressing control system of Hot Plate Leveler based on model Predictive Control

This paper introduced the configuration of Hot Plate Level system, and built the mathematic model of pressing device which is driven by two asynchronous motors. As we known from the model, the pressing system was a classic low gain, non-linear and high-coupling system. Rising the speed gain of asynchronous motor system, expanding the band width of close-loop speed system and increasing speed response of pressing system were the core methods of reducing the disturbance of speed close-loop system. The keys of controlling close-loop position system were eliminating the non-linearity of speed-loop and hysteretic position-circle which is caused by the backlash of worm wheel and gear. The structure of the pressing system based on two motors, by which the rudimental plastic deformation can be removed, produced the high-coupling characteristic, which reduced the position precision and dynamic performance. By simplifying pressing system according to the system mechanical structure and using the controller based on Predictive Control Theory, the four pressing position of the pressing system is adjusted and balanced, and the linearity and decoupling were realized. The complex controlling system for motor-pressing hot plate leveler was successfully used in Tang Shan Heavy Plate Mill Line 2, which increased the production capability of the rolling line. Further study and solution is made to overcome the choke point of the precise positioning in most Plate Level machine. It is proved via matlab simulations that high performance and strong robusticity can be achieved.
Five-level active-neutral-point-clamped DC/DC converter

Multi-level converters are getting more and more attentions because of their obvious merits such as lower voltage stress and harmonic, smaller size of output filters, and so on. In this paper, a five-level active-neutral-point-clamped (5L-ANPC) dc/dc converter is proposed for power transfer in the applications of the medium voltage dc (MVDC) grids. A modulation strategy is also proposed to achieve five-level voltages generating, which can effectively reduce the high voltage change rate dv/dt and voltage stress on the transformer, thus decrease the electromagnetic interference (EMI) and increase reliability. Furthermore, a capacitor voltage control strategy by alternating two operation modes of the proposed modulation strategy is proposed to balance the voltage of the flying capacitor, which ensures multi-level voltages producing. Finally, the performance of the proposed converter and control strategy is verified by both simulation results and experimental results from a down-scaled prototype.