nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
In-Plane-Gate Oxide-Based Thin-Film Transistors Self-Aligned on Stacked Self-Assembled Monolayer/$\hbox{SiO}_{2}$ Electrolyte Dielectrics

Low-voltage oxide-based thin-film transistors (TFTs) gated by stacked self-assembled octadecylphonic acid (ODPA) monolayer/SiO2 electrolyte with an in-plane-gate structure are self-aligned by one nickel shadow mask at room temperature. The stacked gate dielectrics show a reduced gate leakage current with the aid of the well-organized dense-stacked ODPA monolayer buffer. The equivalent field-effect mobility, subthreshold voltage swing, and drain current on/off ratio of such TFTs are estimated to be 11 cm2/V·s, 140 mV/dec, and 106, respectively. Such low-voltage in-plane-gate TFTs are very promising for low-cost portable sensors.
Finite-State Markov Modeling of Leaky Waveguide Channels in Communication-Based Train Control (CBTC) Systems

Leaky waveguide has been adopted in communication based train control (CBTC) systems, as it can significantly enhance railway network efficiency, safety and capacity. Since CBTC systems have high requirements for the train ground communications, modeling the leaky waveguide channels is very important to design the wireless networks and evaluate the performance of CBTC systems. In the letter, we develop a finite-state Markov channel (FSMC) model for leaky waveguide channels in CBTC systems based on real field channel measurements obtained from a business operating subway line. The proposed FSMC channel model takes train locations into account to have a more accurate channel model. The overall leaky waveguide is divided into intervals, and an FSMC model is applied in each interval. The accuracy of the proposed FSMC model is illustrated by the simulation results generated from the model and the real field measurement results.
Effects of Catalysts on Pyrolysis and Liquefaction of Tannery Sludge

Three inorganic compounds, K2CO3, K2SO4, KCl have been investigated with regard to their catalytic effects on pyrolysis of tannery sludge by thermal analysis experiments. The influence of catalyst categories and dosage on sludge pyrolysis were studied by the comparison and analysis of the TG&#65288;thermogravimetry&#65289;and DTG(derivative thermogravimetry) curves derived from tests of differential thermal balance of untreated sludge and sludge respectively mixed with three inorganic compounds of certain scale. And the catalytic effect on product distribution and oil yield was studied with changing the dosage of catalyst by using experimental installation which was designed for direct thermochemical liquefaction of sludge.The results show that the catalytic effect of the potassium compounds follow K2CO3>K2SO4>KCl&#65292;and 2%wt K+ of sludge weight is chosen as the optimal dosage of the catalysts. The maximum of oil yield was achieved at the condition of 2%wt of K2CO3 with the technique of direct thermochemical liquefaction of sludge, it matched with the result of TG analysis.
Parallel mining of closed quasi-cliques

Graph structure can model the relationships among a set of objects. Mining quasi-clique patterns from large dense graph data makes sense with respect to both statistic and applications. The applications of frequent quasi-cliques include stock price correlation discovery, gene function prediction and protein molecular analysis. Although the graph mining community has devised many skills to accelerate the discovery process, mining time is always unacceptable, especially on large dense graph data with low support threshold. Therefore, parallel algorithms are desirable on mining quasi-clique patterns. Message passing is one of the most widely used parallel framework. In this paper, we parallelize the state-of-the-art closed quasi-clique mining algorithm called Cocain using message passing. The parallelized version of Cocain can achieve 30+ fold speedup on 32 processors in a cluster of SMPs. The techniques proposed in this work can be applied to parallelize other pattern-growth based frequent pattern mining algorithms.
Polyacrylonitrile/Kaolinite Hybrid Nanofiber Mats Aimed for Treatment of Polluted Water

The present study provides the methods of preparing organic/inorganic hybrid nanofiber mats. A simple process was developed in preparing polyacrylonitrile/kaolinite hybrid nanofiber mats based on electrospinning technology. The electrospinning of sub-nano kaolinite particles-contained PAN suspensions resulted in uniform distribution of kaolinite particles among the PAN nanofibers, which was demonstrated by scanning electron microscope and optical polarized microscope. However, FTIR results indicated that some interactions between PAN and kaolinite existed, which was useful for the stability of kaolinite-contained suspensions and the even distribution of kaolinite in the PAN nanofiber mats. The as-prepared hybrid nanofiber mats may find well applications in the treatment of phenol polluted water and heavy metal polluted water.
Integrated Train Ground Radio Communication System Based TD-LTE

In existing metro systems, the train ground radio communication system for different applications are deployed independently. Investing and constructing the communication infrastructures repeatedly wastes substantial social resources, and it brings difficulties to maintain all these infrastructures. We present the communication Quality of service (QoS) requirement for different train ground radio applications. An integrated TD-LTE based train ground radio communication system for the metro system (LTE-M) is designed next. In order to test the LTEM system performance, an indoor testing environment is set up. The channel simulator and programmable attenuators are used to simulate the real metro environment. Extensive test results show that the designed LTE-M system performance satisfies metro communication requirements.
Application of LSA space's dimension character in document multi-hierarchy clustering

In LSA space, dimensions corresponding to bigger singular values reflect the general concept of language elements, while dimensions corresponding to smaller singular values reflect particular concept of language elements. On this basis, different dimensions of LSA space are adopted for document clustering under various concept granularities. In addition, in the LSA-based algorithm of document clustering, better clustering results are obtained by taking the row vectors of document self-indexing matrix as the objects to be clustered, instead of the document vectors with low dimensionality.
Research and implementation based on description logics reasoning mechanism

Ontology is becoming one of the important research point in the area of the semantic web, which is enable to fulfill knowledge appearance, information retrieval and search. And as the basis of ontology description language, description logics are the formal tool of knowledge representation and reasoning, providing strong capbilities of representation and effective reasoning service mechanism, which have been extensively applied to various fields of computer science. This paper detailedly studies the theory of description logic and its reasoning mechanism using in Book -System ontology construction, and finally testifies the practical reasoning in the process of the concrete ontology construction.
Design and Experimental Results of a DC Induction Heater Prototype for Aluminum Billets

The advantages of dc induction heating in high efficiency and good heating quality have been proved and studied worldwide in past decades. In this paper, a laboratory-scale dc induction heater with iron yoke for aluminum billets is designed and tested in detail. The billet to be heated is placed in the air gap of the yoke and is driven by a motor. The magnetic field in the gap is built up by copper windings with direct currents. The whole heating processes under different conditions are observed. Various surface temperature distributions have been achieved by changing several heating parameters including heating time, rotating speed, and dc magnetic field. Numerical analysis for calculating the heating process is also carried out in a commercial finite-element software. Results show that all the heating parameters will affect the final heating effects. Also, the numerical results agree well with the experimental results.
Application of Hausdorff distance in image matching

In this thesis, a novel algorithm for image matching based points is proposed. The algorithm matches feature points extracted from the detected image with their corresponding points in the reference image. The fundamental problem of point matching is to get the affine transformation between two point sets, which transforms one point set so that its distance from the other point set is minimized. The algorithm procedure is optimized which adopts Similarity measurement method based on information metrics. Metric distance used in the algorithm is the Hausdorff distance. This algorithm has strong anti disturbance and fault tolerance. At last,the thesis also pointed out the direction of further study.
A compact BAVA design with corrugated edge

In this article a miniaturized balanced antipodal Vivaldi antenna with a corrugation edge (BAVA-CE) which improves the cross polarization and the gain of the antenna is presented. Besides the ultra-wideband, high gain and low cross polarization are the main features of the antenna. The performance of BAVA is compared with the antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) under the condition of the same compact size. The return loss of BAVA-CE is less than -10 dB in the bandwidth of 2.1-10 GHz.
A nano-g MEMS accelerometer for earthquake monitoring

This paper reports on an in-plane nano-g MEMS accelerometer using periodic-sensing-array capacitance displacement transducer. The parasitic capacitances and fringe effect are proved to have great influences on sensitivity by simulation. Benefiting from the large proof mass and optimized displacement transducers, the experimentally measured noise limited resolution is 30ng/√Hz at 1Hz, which is among the highest sensitivities reported to date. The earthquake occurred in Taiwan was detected during a continuous measurement.
A novel communication-based train control (CBTC) system with cooperative wireless relaying

Communication-Based Train Control (CBTC) system is an automated train control system using bidirectional train-ground communications. Most existing CBTC train-ground communication systems work in the infrastructure mode without train-train communications. Due to unreliable wireless communications and frequent handoff, existing CBTC systems can severely affect train control performance. In this paper, we use recent advances in cooperative relaying to enable train-train communications, and consequently enhance the train control performance of CBTC systems. Linear quadratic cost for the train control performance in CBTC systems is considered as the performance measure. We jointly consider cooperative relaying and handoff decision issues in CBTC systems. Moreover, in order to mitigate the impacts of handoff latency on the train control performance, we propose an optimal guidance trajectory calculation scheme that takes full consideration of the tracking error caused by handoff latency. Simulation result shows that the train control performance can be improved substantially in our proposed CBTC system.
Compact LTCC module for WLAN RF front-end

In this paper, a low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) module for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) RF front-end is proposed. The module integrates an embedded band pass filter, an embedded lumped element Wilkinson power divider, and embedded LTCC inductors and capacitors, in a single LTCC package. The circuit is separated into low-frequency circuit part and high frequency circuit part. By integrating these miniature passive component designs, using the three-dimensional multichip module multichip module (3D-MCM) technique, the proposed module features a compact size of 20mm×20mm×5mm. The measurement results show that the application meets the current electrical specification requirements of the wireless communication system compatible with IEEE802.11b/g.
Dynamics Modeling and Co-simulation of Rigid-flexible Coupling System of 3-TPT Parallel Robot

A co-simulation method for rigid-flexible coupling system is proposed in this paper, it is simple and easily carried out. In order to solve the dynamics of 3-TPT parallel robot more accurately, its three driven links are regard as flexible bodies and the other parts are rigid bodies to form the rigid-flexible coupling system, and the dynamics equation of the coupling system is educed by Lagrange's equation, but it is very complex and difficult to educe number solution, so the co-simulation method using ADAMS and ANSYS is put forward, which the dynamics analysis is fulfilled in ADAMS and stress analysis in ANSYS. The concrete steps are also introduced. In order to observe the simulation results better, the simulation results are compared with rigid system, and the results show that, the forces applied on flexible bodies appear high nonlinear, and with the driven links are close to their extreme, the nonlinear is more obvious and the forces are bigger. This state is closer to the truth, so the simulation results are more authentic and can reflect actual dynamics characteristic of 3-TPT parallel robot.
Optimization Design and Parametric Modelling of Gear Reducer

The purpose of this paper is to establish a mathematical model for optimization design of three-stage cylindrical gear reducer and carry out a research on parametric design based on Pro/Engineer. In the optimization design, the minimum of overall gear’s center distance in reducer is the objective function, the pinions’ tooth numbers, normal modules and the first two-stage transmission ratios are used as design variables. The optimization results of the gear reducer can be used in the parametric modelling with the help of Pro/Toolkit development module and Visual C++. The motional condition and working process of the gear reducer are shown by modelling and simulation. The three-stage cylindrical gear reducer can be optimized and designed parametrically in the software, which have the applicable significance of actual engineering and can be the base of the design of other kinds of gear reducer.
Propylene Carbonate as a Green Solvent for Kinetic Resolution of Secondary Alcohols Catalyzed by Candida antarctica Lipase

The kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols catalyzed by Candida antarctica lipase was studied using vinyl acetate as acyl donor in propylene carbonate. The effects of the reaction conditions included solvent, temperature, acyl donor and organic base. In the reactions, the enantioselectivity of Candida antarctica lipase increased with increasing the reaction time and the addition of triethylamine. Furthermore, it was shown that the addition of non-reactive base triethylamine to the reaction mixture enhanced the rate of the reaction. Propylene carbonate offers an environmentally friendly alternative in contrast to conventional solvents.
The Application of Polarization Microscopy in Determining Electrospinning Conditions for Preparing Drug-Loaded Nanofibers

This paper demonstrates that polarization microscopy can be a very useful tool for determining the electrospinning conditions for preparing smooth and uniform drug-loaded nanofibers. Ferulic acid (FA) was used as the model drug and PVP K60 was selected as the filament-forming matrix. Solution parameters for optimal preparation of FA-loaded PVP nanofibers were successfully established using polarization microscopy to monitor the quality of the nanofibers produced. The optimal solution parameters were: (1) 75% (v/v) ethanol as solvent, (2) the range of PVP concentration for smooth electrospinning was 10-15% (w/v), and (3) the drug concentration in the spinning solutions should not be higher than 15% (w/v) in 10% (w/v) PVP spinning solutions, in order to maintain the amophous physical state of FA in the PVP nanofiber matrix. The quality of the final FA-loaded nanofibers was confirmed using field emission scanning electron microscopy. Our research offers a simple, easy but useful optical method for determining electrospinning parameters for preparing functional nanofibers.
Nonlinear DCT Discriminant Feature Extraction with Generalized KDCV for Face Recognition

A nonlinear DCT discriminant feature extraction approach for face recognition is proposed. First, we analyze the nonlinear discriminabilities of DCT frequency bands and select appropriate bands. Second, we extract nonlinear discriminant features from the selected DCT bands by presenting a new kernel discriminant method, i.e. generalized kernel discriminative common vector (KDCV) method. The experimental results on the Feret database demonstrate the effectiveness of this new approach.
Joint Hypergraph Learning for Tag-Based Image Retrieval

As the image sharing websites like Flickr become more and more popular, extensive scholars concentrate on tag-based image retrieval. It is one of the important ways to find images contributed by social users. In this research field, tag information and diverse visual features have been investigated. However, most existing methods use these visual features separately or sequentially. In this paper, we propose a global and local visual features fusion approach to learn the relevance of images by hypergraph approach. A hypergraph is constructed first by utilizing global, local visual features, and tag information. Then, we propose a pseudo-relevance feedback mechanism to obtain the pseudo-positive images. Finally, with the hypergraph and pseudo relevance feedback, we adopt the hypergraph learning algorithm to calculate the relevance score of each image to the query. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Research on Authentication Mechanism of Cognitive Radio Networks Based on Certification Authority

Identity authentication is the key point for secure communications in cognitive radio networks (CRN). PPP Extensible Authentication Protocols are widely used in wireless networks recently. Cognitive radio networks are able to merge various wireless network standards whose security certification requirements are different. Therefore, current authentication mechanisms are not suitable for cognitive radio networks. In this paper, a new authentication mechanism for cognitive radio networks is proposed which is based on third-party Certification Authority (CA) .The proposed mechanism combines EAP-SIM and EAP-TTLS, adopts SIM authentication method for terminal users and secure tunnel +certificates for servers. Mean while, current Challenge Handshake protocol (CHAP) is improved and challenge handshake process exists in whole communication which could resolve the problem of the forged connection.
Generalized MIMO channel model and its capacity analysis in formation flying satellite communication systems

Formation flying satellite communication systems are composed of several satellites which are very close to each other. According to the mission requirements, we select the appropriate configuration of the formation, forming a “virtual satellite”. Each satellite is deployed a transmitting antenna, and all the satellites transmit data simultaneously through the Satellite-to-Ground link. Multiple receiving antennas are deployed in the ground station. All the formation flying satellites and the Earth station constitute a generalized MIMO system. In this paper, based on 3GPP TR25.996 specification and methods of deterministic channel model, considering the actual space propagation environment, we propose a distributed MIMO channel model for formation flying satellite systems. Some factors affecting the channel capacity are analyzed, such as the number of antennas, SNR, the formation configuration. We perform simulations based on our channel model with MATLAB. The simulation results and theoretical analysis are fitting well.
A novel communication-based train control (CBTC) system with coordinated multi-point transmission and reception

Communication-Based Train Control (CBTC) system is an automated train control system using bidirectional train-ground communications to ensure the safe operation of rail vehicles. Due to unreliable wireless communications and frequent handoff, existing CBTC systems can severely affect train control performance. In this paper, we use recent advances in Coordinated Multi-Point transmission and reception (CoMP) to enhance the train control performance of CBTC systems. In addition, unlike the exiting works on CoMP, linear quadratic cost for the train control performance in CBTC systems is considered as the performance measure. Moreover, we propose an optimal guidance trajectory calculation scheme in the train control procedure that takes full consideration of the tracking error caused by handoff latency. Simulation results show that the train control performance can be improved substantially in our proposed CBTC system with CoMP.
Applications of Polarization Microscope in Determining the Physical Status of API in the Wet-Spinning Drug-Loaded Fibers

The API (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients) physical status and distributions in the drug-loaded fibers have a manifest influence on the drug-loaded capabilities and drug-released controlled properties. In the present study, an easy and useful method was developed for determining the drug physical status and distributions in the wet spinning API-loaded fibers. The fibers prepared from co-dissolved wet spinning methods were observed under orthogonal polarized light. The results demonstrated that the API in the fibers lost its original needle crystal shape, double refraction features and natural polychrome, but transferred to tiny white circular particles and evenly distributed on the fibers’ surface. The results from scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis were basically concurred with those observations, illustrating the availability of polarization microscope observations. Polarization microscopy is a simple and useful method for the development of novel drug-loaded fibers.
Research on Key Management Mechanism of Cognitive Radio Networks

A new random number generate algorithm based on users' location information and spectrum information (ULSI) for cognitive radio networks is proposed in [1, 2].Through experiments analysis, the paper draws the conclusion that: random numbers generated from ULSI algorithm has good performance in statistical distribution. According the random numbers generated from ULSI algorithm, different types of keys for communication are given. Combined with dissymmetric-key encryption algorithms, the new key management mechanism including key distribution, updating and recycling is present which assure uniqueness and confidentiality of keys in communication.
An ontology-based method for querying the Web data

Nowadays large collections of documents of various types of information are available on the Internet, and finding relevant information on the World Wide Web is becoming a critical issue. Available search engines mostly rely on information retrieval techniques in finding information. They lack the desired power in query formulation which is beyond the keywords search. We introduce a method for querying the Web data that integrates both search engine and database techniques to support more complex search requests and get more precise results.