nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Fine-granular-scalability video streaming over wireless LANs using cross layer error control

Real-time streaming of audiovisual content over wireless LANs (WLANs) is emerging as an important technology area in multimedia communications. Due to the error-prone, time-varying characteristics of wireless channels, there is a need for strong protection of video bitstreams. To cope with the variation of channel conditions, we introduce a novel cross-layer protection strategy that combines adaptive application-layer forward error correction (FEC) and physical-layer modulation with fine-granular-scalability (FGS) coding to improve the robustness of wireless transmission. Unlike data streams, different parts of a video stream have different priorities and hence merit the use of unequal error protection. Our schemes can dynamically select the optimal combination of FEC and modulation based on channel conditions and video data content. Experimental results show the stability of the scheme over a variety of channel conditions.
The MFCSMA/CD network

The paper presents a new network model, MFCSMA/CD to provide multichannel communication and fault-tolerant capability on IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD). This model inserts a sublayer between the LLC (logical link control) sublayer and MAC (medium access control) sublayer, in order to provide the multichannel communication and fault-tolerant functions. That insertion sublayer is called MFC (multi-channel fault-tolerant control). The new network model extends the original single channel schemes to a multiple channel system, but the new network model design is based on compatibility with the existent Ethernet, so that the original software in the existent network could be used in the new network model.
Stability analysis for discrete time positive switched delay systems under MDADT

The stability analysis problem of two kinds of discrete time positive switched delay systems is considered. One kind of systems is positive switched delay systems composed of all stable subsystems, the other is positive switched delay systems composed of not all stable subsystems. Based on multiple linear copositive Lyapunov functionals and mode-dependent average dwell time (MDADT) switching, delay-dependent conditions those guarantee exponentially stability of considered systems are derived. And two illustrative examples are provided lastly to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed result.
17.3 A 28nm 256kb 6T-SRAM with 280mV improvement in VMIN using a dual-split-control assist scheme

Intelligent wearable devices and the Internet of things (IoT) require on-chip SRAM macros with (1) compact area to reduce costs; (2) single supply voltage (VDD) and low minimum VDD (VDDmin) to reduce power consumption; and (3) sufficient speed to facilitate real-time computing. 6T SRAM is compact, but suffers write failure and half-select (HS) disturbance in read/write cycles at low VDD. Previous studies have sought to improve the write margin (WM)of SRAMs by (a) lowering the cell-VDD (CVDD) voltage (=VDD-ΔVcVVD) [1]-[3] (CVDD-D) at the expense of degradation in cell stability (static noise margin, SNM) for CVDD-HS cells; or (b) using negative-bitline (NBL) voltage (=VSS-VNBL) [1,4-6] for cross-point assist at the expense of increased area and power overhead due to the inclusion of pumping capacitors (CNBL). Wordline (WL) voltage under-drive (WLUD, VWL=VDD-VWLUD) is commonly used in 6T SRAMs [2-5] to improve HS/read SNM during read/write cycles; however, this tends to degrade WM and cell read current (ICELL), resulting in slower read/cycle speeds and necessitating an increase in ΔVCVDD or VNBL (CNBL). The maximum ΔVCVDD is limited by the hold SNM of CVDD-HS cells. Large CNBL results in large area and power overhead, particularly in macros with wide I/O and small amount of column-multiplexing (Y-mux). Thus, HS-SNM tradeoffs in lCELL and WM have not yet been solved for 6T cells, except by adding additional transistors (i.e., 8T to 10T).
Adaptive Model Following Control for a Class of Onlinear System Based on the Newton Iterative Algorithm

A novel adaptive reference model control design is proposed to approach for a class of nonlinear system. The general description of this system is presented. The conditions of the tracking control scheme are discussed. The design of feed forward matrix and the iterative regulative algorithm of feedback matrix are put forward, which may lead the system to meet a good tracking performance. This kind of design’s advantage is verified by the simulation results.
Detection of geometric shapes by the combination of genetic algorithm and subpixel accuracy

Detecting specific shape from image is an important problem in computer vision. A minimal subset is the smallest number of points (pixels) necessary to define an unique instance of a geometric primitive. To extract certain type of geometric primitives genetic algorithm has been studied. However in that method, it doesn't go far enough to detection accuracy, convergent speed and simultaneous detection of multiple shapes. In this paper, we proposed a new approach that improves detection accuracy and convergent speed for geometric shapes by the combination of genetic algorithm and subpixel accuracy (GA&SA). We also presented an algorithm to be able to implement simultaneous detection of multiple shapes based on standardized cost function and similarity between instances, taking advantage of genetic algorithm with "population search". In addition we have confirmed these practical usefulness through some experiments.
Semi-blind Joint Maximum Likelihood Channel Estimation and Data Detection for MIMO Systems

Semi-blind joint maximum likelihood (ML) channel estimation and data detection is proposed for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The joint ML optimization over channel and data is decomposed into an iterative two-level optimization loop. An efficient optimization search algorithm referred to as the repeated weighted boosting search (RWBS) is employed at the upper level to identify the unknown MIMO channel while an enhanced ML sphere detector termed as the optimized hierarchy reduced search algorithm is used at the lower level to perform ML detection of the transmitted data. Only a minimum pilot overhead is required to aid the RWBS channel estimator's initial operation, which not only speeds up convergence but also avoids ambiguities inherent in blind joint estimation of both the channel and data.
A reconstruction approach for noisy compressive sensing via iterative support detection

In this paper, the major contribution is to combine Bayesian inference with iterative support detection (ISD) to solve noisy compressive sensing, which can be called Bayesian compressive sensing via iterative support detection (BCS_ISD). The method consists of two main parts: signal value estimation and signal support detection. ISD estimates a support set S from a current reconstruction and obtains a new reconstruction by MMSE estimator, and then it iterates these two steps for a small number of times. BCS_ISD converges fast and it reconstructs more exactly than other belief propagation (BP) approaches. Numerical experiments are provided to verify that BCS_ISD has significant advantages over those recent methods.
A survey of visual lip reading and lip-password verification

In this paper, we have reviewed the main process of visual lip reading and lip motion password (simply called lip-password hereinafter) verification that is the useful and flexible method to apply in many applications, especially in security field since it can do double checks to verify both the speaker and his/her password. The reviewed content includes selectively significant preprocessing, visual feature extractions, and classification schemes that are all important parts in this tasks' processes.
Robust hemorrhage detection in diabetic retinopathy image

To improve the robust performance to detect hemorrhage lesions in diabetic retinopathy image, a background estimation and vessel exclusion based algorithm is proposed in this paper. Candidate hemorrhages are located by background estimation and Mahalanobis distance, and then on the basis of shape analysis, vessel exclusion is conducted to remove non hemorrhage pixels. Experiments results show that the performance of our method is effective to reduce the false negative results arise from inaccurate vessel structure.
Degrees of Freedom Region of the MIMO $2 \times 2$ Interference Network With General Message Sets

We establish the degrees of freedom (DoF) region for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) two-transmitter, and two-receiver (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2 \times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) interference network with a general message set consisting of nine messages, one for each pair of a subset of transmitters at which that message is known and a subset of receivers where that message is desired. An outer bound on the general nine-message <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2 \times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> interference network is obtained and it is shown to be tight, thereby establishing the DoF region for the most general antenna setting wherein the four nodes have an arbitrary number of antennas each. The DoF-optimal scheme is applicable to the MIMO <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2 \times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> interference network with constant channel coefficients, and hence, <italic>a fortiori</italic>, to time/frequency varying channel scenarios. In particular, a linear precoding scheme is proposed that can achieve all the DoF tuples in the DoF region. In it, the precise roles played by transmit zero-forcing, interference alignment, random beamforming, symbol extensions, and asymmetric complex signaling (ACS) are delineated. For instance, we identify a class of antenna settings, in which ACS is required to achieve the fractional-valued corner points. Evidently, the DoF regions of all previously unknown cases of the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2 \times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> interference network with a subset of the nine-messages are newly established as special cases of the general result of this paper. For instance, the DoF region of the well-known four-message (and even three-message) MIMO <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$X$ </tex-math></inline-formula> channel is newly established. This problem had remained open despite previous studies, which had found inner and outer bounds that were not tight in general. Hence, the DoF regions of all special cases obtained from the general DoF region of the nine-message <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2\times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> interference network of this paper that include at least three of the four <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$X$ </tex-math></inline-formula> channel messages are new, among many others. This paper sheds light on how the same physical <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2 \times 2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> interference network could be used by a suitable choice of message sets to take most advantage of the channel resource in a flexible and efficient manner.
Cooperative Layered Video Multicast Using Randomized Distributed Space Time Codes

With the increased popularity of mobile multimedia services, efficient and robust video multicast strategies are of critical importance. Cooperative communications has been shown to improve the robustness and the data rates for point-to-point transmission. In this paper, a two-hop cooperative transmission scheme for multicast in infrastructure-based networks is used, where multiple relays forward the data simultaneously using randomized distributed space time codes (RDSTC). This randomized cooperative transmission is further integrated with layered video coding and packet level forward error correction (FEC) to enable efficient and robust video multicast. Three different schemes are proposed to find the system operating parameters based on the availability of the channel information at the source station: RDSTC with full channel information, RDSTC with limited channel information, and RDSTC with node count. The performance of these three schemes are compared with rate adaptive direct transmission and conventional multicast that does not use rate adaptation. The results show that while rate-adaptive direct transmission provides better video quality than conventional multicast, all three proposed randomized cooperative schemes outperform both strategies significantly as long as the network has enough nodes. Furthermore, the performance gap between RDSTC with full channel information and RDSTC with limited channel information or node count is relatively small, indicating the robustness of the proposed cooperative multicast system using RDSTC.
Degrees of Freedom of the Two-User MIMO Broadcast Channel With Private and Common Messages Under Hybrid CSIT Models

We establish the degree of freedom (DoF) regions of the two-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) broadcast channel with a general message set (BC-GM), that includes private and common messages, under fast fading. Nine different channel state knowledge assumptions—collectively known as hybrid channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT) models—are considered wherein the transmitter has either perfect/instantaneous, delayed, or no CSI from each of the two receivers. General antenna configurations are addressed wherein the three terminals have arbitrary numbers of antennas. The DoF regions are established for the five hybrid CSIT models in which either both channels are unknown at the transmitter or each of the two channels is known perfectly or with delay. In the four remaining cases in which exactly one of the two channels is unknown at the transmitter, the DoF regions under the restriction of linear encoding strategies—also known as the linear DoF (LDoF) regions—are established. As the key to the converse proofs of the LDoF region of the MIMO BC-GM under such hybrid CSIT assumptions, we show that, when only considering linear encoding strategies, the CSI from the receiver with more antennas does not help if there is no CSI available from the receiver with fewer antennas. This result is conjectured to be true even without the restriction on the encoding strategies to be linear. If true, the LDoF regions obtained for the four hybrid CSIT cases herein will also be the DoF regions for those cases. Many of the results of this paper when specialized to even the two-message problems are new. These include the LDoF regions, when one of the two channels is not known, of the MIMO BC-GM when specialized to the MIMO BC with private messages. They also include the DoF/LDoF regions for all the hybrid CSIT models obtained by specializing the corresponding regions for the MIMO BC-GM to the case with degraded messages.
Incremental data mining based on two support thresholds

Proposes the concept of pre-large item sets and designs a novel, efficient incremental data mining algorithm based on it. Pre-large item sets are defined using two support thresholds (a lower support threshold and an upper support threshold) to reduce re-scanning of the original databases and to save maintenance costs. The proposed algorithm doesn't need to re-scan the original database until a number of transactions have arrived. If the size of the database is growing larger, then the allowed number of new transactions will be larger too. Therefore, along with the growth of the database, our proposed approach is increasingly efficient. This characteristic is especially useful for real applications.
Minimum bit error rate multiuser transmission designs using particle swarm optimisation

We consider the downlink of a multiuser system equipped with multiple antennas transmitting to multiple single-antenna mobile receivers. Particle swarm optimisation (PSO) is invoked to solve the constrained nonlinear optimisation problem for the minimum bit error rate (MBER) multiuser transmitter (MUT). The proposed PSO aided symbol-specific MBER-MUT and average MBER-MUT schemes provide improved performance in comparison to the conventional minimum mean-square-error MUT scheme, while imposing a reduced complexity compared to the state-of-the-art sequential quadratic programming based symbol-specific MBER-MUT and average MBER-MUT schemes, respectively.
Production of a Novel Bioflocculant by Culture of Pseudomonas fluorescens C-2 Using Molasses Wastewater

In this study, the optimal conditions of production of bioflocculant by the culture of Pseudomonas fluorescens C-2 were examined, using molasses wastewater to replace glucose as carbon source and energy source in the culture medium. Results showed that the COD concentration in molasses wastewater favorable for the production of the bioflocculant PS-2 was 8000 mgldrL -1 , and an optimal culture condition of inoculum size of 5%(v/v), 30degC, initial pH 8.0 and shaking speed of 160 r-min -1 , under the optimal culture conditions, the highest flocculating activity achieved for Kaolin suspension was 92.5% and 2.52 g pure PS-2 per liter broth was obtained after 72 h cultivation. The wastewater treatment experiments results indicated the chromaticity removal efficiencies of the bioflocculant PS-2 for breed aquatics wastewater and domestic sewage were above 9% with a PS-2 dosage of 120 mLldrL -1 , the turbidity removal efficiencies of the PS-2 for four wastewaters were all above 90% with a bioflocculant PS-2 dosage of 120 mLldrL -1 . The bioflocculant PS-2 produced using molasses wastewater substrate possesses flocculating activity comparable or superior to that of bioflocculant produced using conventional substrate.
2-D Data-Dependent Media Noise in Shingled Magnetic Recording

This paper investigates 2-D media noise in shingled magnetic recording (SMR) systems. The media noises caused by the overwriting of the next track and the residual information from the previous track are asymmetric in the cross-track (CT) direction and are found to vary with the linear density. The media noise after equalization is found to be 2-D data dependent, with its mean and variance affected by the nonlinear transition shift in the CT and down-track directions, respectively. Also the effect of media noise on the bit error rate (BER) is studied for increased track densities during the writing process. The effect of jitter on the BER is always significant with increased track density in SMR systems, while the effect of overwriting and inter-track interference on the BER performance are quite different for readback with rotated and normally oriented readers, even though the same writer is used during the writing process.
Research on motivations of knowledge innovation of high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises

At present, the research on the motivations of enterprise innovation is a hot issue in the academic field, while the research on the motivations of the knowledge innovation of high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises is still in its infancy. Meanwhile, China's high-end equipment manufacturing industry is in the golden period of rapid development, but the shortcomings of enterprises' knowledge innovation ability has been restricting the further development of high-end equipment manufacturing industry. In order to improve the knowledge innovation ability of China's high-end eqluipment manufacturing industry enterprises effectively, this paper has explored the motivations of the knowledge innovation of high-end equipment manufacturing industry enterprises by the method of exploratory factor analysis, concluding the motivations are made up of government factors, market factors and technical factors. Finally, this paper has put forward suggestions to improve the knowledge innovation ability of high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises in our country.
An improved AVPG algorithm for SoC design verification using port order fault model

Embedded cores are being increasingly used in the design of large system-on-a-chip (SoC). Because of the high complexity of SoC the design verification is a challenge for the system integrator. To reduce the verification complexity, the port order fault (POF) model has been used for verifying core-based designs and the corresponding verification pattern generation has been developed. Here we present an automorphic technique to improve the efficiency of the automatic verification pattern generation (AVPG) for SoC design verification based on POF model. On average, the size, of pattern sets obtained on the ISCAS-85 and MCNC benchmarks are 45% smaller and the run time decreases 16% as compared with the results of AVPG.
Complexity modeling of H.264 entropy decoding

This paper models the complexity consumption of entropy decoding in a H.264 decoder, which includes many modes such as fix-length code (FLC), variable-length code (Exp-Golomb code in particular), content-adaptive variable length code (CAVLC) and content-adaptive binary arithmetic code (CABAC). By analyzing the computations involved in different entropy decoding modes, we derive a complexity model that relates the total complexity with the total bit rate and slice mode (I or P or B). The model is shown to be very accurate when compared with the measured complexity in a PC running the H.264 decoder.
A novel path segmentation method for autonomous road following

Detecting roads using monocular vision is a very challenging task as the detection algorithm must be able to deal with complex real-road scenes. In this paper, we describe an algorithm for general path segmentation. There are three main technical contributions of the approach. First, a path segmentation framework is presented, which formulates road detection as a Bayesian posteriori estimation problem. Second, to obtain knowledge about the road surface and encode drivable region, a self-supervised learning algorithm is proposed. Third, three image based statistically independent measurements are developed, which are then incorporated into the Bayesian framework to find the two most dominant edges of the path. The method makes no assumptions about the structure or appearance of the road. Experimental results demonstrate that it achieves substantial improvements over the method which represents the current state of the art in unsupervised and self-supervised path segmentation research. Video clips that can be found at http://pan.baidu.com/s/1hqSq8vy show our segmentation results under five different challenging scenarios.
CMA and Soft Decision-Directed Scheme for Semi-Blind Beamforming of QAM Systems

We propose a semi-blind adaptive beamforming approach for wireless systems that employ high-throughput quadrature amplitude modulation signalling schemes. A minimum number of training symbols, equal to the number of receive antenna-array's elements, are first utilised to provide a rough initial least squares estimate of the beamformer's weight vector. A concurrent constant modulus algorithm and soft decision- directed scheme, originally developed for single-user blind channel equalisation, is then applied to adapt the beamformer. It is demonstrated that this semi-blind adaptive beamforming scheme is capable of converging fast to the minimum mean-square-error beamforming solution.
Improving temperature control of laser module using fuzzy logic theory

This study used fuzzy logic theory to design a temperature controller, which was used for a butterfly laser module. Experimental results showed that shorter settling time and less steady state error can be achieved compared with a commercial PID controller. And no overshoot was observed in the control process. In addition, response time to achieve stable temperature was faster and more accurate temperature control can be achieved. This indicated the performance of laser module could be enhanced and reliability could be increased as using fuzzy logic controller on temperature control of laser module.