nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Preliminary study of flexible pectoral fin capable of 3D motions actuated by Shape Memory Alloy

Fish are noted for their excellent performances to cruise efficiently, to maneuver and to position themselves accurately. These performances are the result of complex 3D motion and the cooperation of different fins of fish. In this paper, we focus on the research of the pectoral fin, and present a novel mechanical design of flexible pectoral fin capable of 3D undulation, actuated by Shape Memory Alloy (SMA). First, we implement a detailed design of flexible pectoral fin which is composed of a series of SMA fin rays. Each fin ray consists of two serial installed SMA plate couples and is capable of bending in two mutually orthogonal directions. Second, we analyze the energy distribution of the response process of the SMA plate couple from the aspect of thermodynamics, meanwhile, we conduct a thermodynamics simulation to research the response process. Third, the control system is designed to obtain the accurate control of the locomotion of the fin ray. Finally, we conduct experiments to investigate the performance of the SMA fin ray and attain the following results: (a) relationship between temperature and actuation time; (b) relationship between angular displacement and time; (c) relationship between torque and current. The experimental results show that SMA driven fin ray has a good performance and that the SMA driven flexible pectoral fin can be well achieved.
Inverter's characteristic analysis under different parameters of wavelet PWM technique

This paper presents the principle and implementation of the wavelet PWM (WPWM) technique based on dyadic-type multi-resolution analyses (MRAs) for single-phase inverters, analyzes and gives the inverter's output features at different parameters based on WPWM technique, which is beneficial to choose suitable parameters. Finally, according to the harmonic eliminating principle, compares WPWM with SPWM technique by some specific examples. The calculation and simulation results show that WPWM can get simpler realization by digital algorithm, higher fundamental component magnitudes and lower THD factors, but the range of fundamental component magnitude is smaller and the ability of eliminating lower harmonics is worse, which provide theoretical basis for the application of the WPWM efficiently in practice.
Multi-spectral image inter-band registration technology research

Multi-spectral image refers to the use of multi-spectral sensors from the same object (target or region) to obtain the spectral range of more than one image. With the development of multi-spectral imaging technology, the existence of non-rigid mismatch among the original inter-band images requires a higher accuracy and faster registration. Here an automatic elastic registration method based on mutual information and thin-plate spline interpolation is presented, we carried out HJ-1A/B satellite Level 1 visible light inter-band images registration. This does not require other priori assumptions among multi-spectral image gray relationships, or the need for image segmentation and pre-processing (such as feature extraction, classification, etc.). Through the research about multi-spectral image inter-band registration, deviations may be controlled within an acceptable range, we can get more information about multi-spectral images.
Recognizing stances in Mandarin social ideological debates with text and acoustic features

Recognizing stances is of great importance to understand intention of human beings. While previous related researches mainly focused on text modality, in this paper, we aim to combine textual and acoustic features to automatically recognize stances in social debates. For acoustic features, we find that speaking rate is an indispensable feature to distinguish whether speaker is taking a stance or not. In addition, we also demonstrate that emphasis information is helpful for recognizing stances. For textual modality, we present a novel Support Topic Feature (STF) and use it to recognize which stance the speaker is taking (positive, negative or neutral). Experiments on four debate datasets confirm that the performance of STF is much better than that of n-gram features. When using STF only, F1-measure can be improved by 3% ~ 8% as compared to the baseline. Combining acoustic features with STF leads to even better performance by improving F1-measure with 2% ~ 8% further.
Residue boundary histograms for action recognition in the compressed domain

Traditional action recognition approaches are too slow for real-time or large-scale applications. This problem has been tackled by replacing optical flow with motion vectors from the compressed domain. Yet further usage of compressed domain information for action recognition is possible. Discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients, which correspond to residue data, represent information which the block based motion vectors fail to capture. We propose a set of residue boundary histograms (RBH) features for action recognition, separating each DCT block into four parts to obtain four small residue maps and then encoding each residue map by histogram-based descriptors to obtain local features. Experimental results on three challenging datasets show that proposed RBH features improve upon motion vector based features significantly. While more than 100× faster, the results are highly competitive compared with traditional action recognition approaches.
Study on estimation model of vegetation cover in the upstream regions of Shule River Basin based on hyperspectral

There are lots researchs about estimation of biological parameters such as vegetation cover (PVC), aboveground biomass and leaf area index by remote sensing satellite data. In this paper, we set nineteen remote sensing plots in the upstream regions of Shule River Basin, they are all 30meters*30meters. We used ASD to collect reflectance of vegetation at Transit time when Landsat TM is passing, there are 168 plots which 50cm*50cm in remote sensing plots in all. Then We use reflectance data to simulated Landsat TM red and near infrared bands. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), renormalized difference vegetation index (RDVI), soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVIL = 0.5), modified soil adjusted vegetation index (MSAVI), difference vegetation index (DVI), ratio vegetation Index (RVI) are caculated through red and near infrared bands. Red edge area (SDre), red edge slope (Dre) and red edge position (λre) are caculated through reflectance of 680nm-780nm. We compared results of estation. The percentage of vegetation cover was estimated using mult-spectral camera. Relationships between percentage of vegetation cover and various vegetation indices and red-edge parameters were compared using a linear and second-order polynomial regression. Our analysis indicated that NDVI and RVI yielded more accurate estimations for a wide range of vegetation cover than other vegetation indices and red-edge parameters for the linear and second-order polynomial regression. We estimate the PVC using remote sensing image and evaluate the result by second-order polynomial regression model.
Transparent driving thin-film transistor circuits based on uniformly grown single-walled carbon nanotubes network

Optically transparent and mechanically flexible thin-film transistors have recently attracted attention for next generation transparent display technologies. Driving and switching transistors for transparent displays have challenging requirements such as high optical transparency, large-scale integration, suitable drive current (Ion) in μA range, high on/off current ratio (Ion/Ioff), high field effect mobility, and uniform threshold voltage(Vt). In this study, we demonstrate fully-transparent high-performance and high-yield thin film transistors based on random growth of single-walled carbon nano tube (SWNT) network that are easy to fabricate., These SWNT-based transparent thin film transistors show excellent electrical and optical characteristics and unlike the devices previously reported they do not require electrical burning to achieve high on/off current ratios.
Numerical investigation of transient lateral jet interaction in a supersonic interceptor missile

The main objective of this paper is to numerically investigate the effects of a divert jet on the overall aerodynamic performance of a generic interceptor missile operating at moderate angle attack. A generic missile interceptor configuration consisting of a long, slender body containing tail fins is simulated in this study. Firstly, K-epsiv, K-omega and S-A turbulent model are evaluated in simulating downstream vortex transmission, the results show the K-epsiv has good ability in capturing vortex structure, especially secondary vortex structure. Secondly, by employing K-epsiv turbulent model, three dimensional computations of the highly turbulent flow field produced by five pulsed, supersonic, lateral jet control thrusters interaction with the supersonic free stream and missile boundary layer of the generic interceptor missile at 10 km for the Mach number is 3.0 and 6.0 is simulated. Finally, normal force and moment as well as normal force and moment amplification factor is assessed by integrating the surface pressures and viscous shear stresses computed on the missile surfaces. These results are used to determine the Mach number influence on the interaction of transient jet and supersonic aerodynamic performed missile. The analysis predicts strong influences for the integrated normal force and moment.
A 110GHz GaAs MHEMT LNA MMIC

This paper presents the development of 110GHz monolithic low-noise amplifier (LNA) using 100 nm In0.52Al0.48As/In0.53Ga0.47As GaAs metamorphic high electron mobility transistors (MHEMTs) technology. The MHEMT technology features an extrinsic fT of 220GHz and an extrinsic transconduction gm,max of 940mS/mm. The LNA is consisted by 4 stages 2×20um gate width transistors. The amplifier demonstrates a gain of 17.7dB at 110GHz with a noise figure of 4.3dB when biased for high gain, and a noise figure of 3.6dB is achieved with an associated gain of 16.6dB at 110GHz when biased for low-noise figure. The chip area is 2.7mm×1.4mm.
A Distributed Range-Free Localization Algorithm Based on Clustering for Wireless Sensor Networks

Nodes self-localization algorithm is one of the wireless sensor networks' key techniques. The novel distributed range- free algorithm is based on clustering technique of data mine. Each regular node and its random two connected anchors construct a triangle. The regular node can calculate its pair of possible conjugate positions by the two anchors coordinates and edge scale of the triangles which may be the scale of the least hops between the three angles instead. Clustering selects the most similar cluster from all possible positions. The centroid of the subset should be used as the position of the regular node. Simulations by OPNET show that precision can be increased to approach 1/4 of radio range and better than that of most representative traditional ones, such as DV-hop.
Affective content analysis in comedy and horror videos by audio emotional event detection

We study the problem of affective content analysis. In this paper, we think of affective contents as those video/audio segments, which may cause an audience's strong reactions or special emotional experiences, such as laughing or fear. Those emotional factors are related to the users' attention, evaluation, and memories of the content. The modeling of affective effects depends on the video genres. In this work, we focus on comedy and horror films to extract the affective content by detecting a set of so-called audio emotional events (AEE) such as laughing, horror sounds, etc. Those AEE can be modeled by various audio processing techniques, and they can directly reflect an audience's emotion. We use the AEE as a clue to locate corresponding video segments. Domain knowledge is more or less employed at this stage. Our experimental dataset consists of 40-minutes comedy video and 40-minutes horror film. An average recall and precision of above 90% is achieved. It is shown that, in addition to rich visual information, an appropriate usage of special audios is an effective way to assist affective content analysis.
Researches on data processing and data preventing technologies in the environment of big data in power system

In this paper, we mainly focus on the problems of the data processing and data security in the environment of the electricity big data systems. Firstly, we focused on the security of big data storage, as well as the big data applications, including the classification, aggregation and data mining demands. We proposed several practicable schemes to the big data applications. After that, we studied on the problem of the privacy prevention in big data processing. In this paper, we analyzed the demands of the big data privacy prevention in smart grid, and also proposed several methods. Based on the previous researches, we put forward the outline of the research hotspots for the data protection.
Studies on the Application of Rough Set Analysis in Mining of Association Rules and the Realization in Provincial Road Transportation Management Information System

Application of rough set analysis in mining of association rule can predigest the operation of traditional mining association rules, and avoid redundant rules effectively. This paper presented the theory, question and resolution of application of rough set in mining association rules. And it presented resolve the relation of support, confidence and the amount of rules by rough set analysis originally. All the conclusion were proved in data mining in provincial road transportation management information System.
Miniaturized Dual-Loop NFC Antenna With a Very Small Slot Clearance for Metal-Cover Smartphone Applications

A near-field communication (NFC) dual-loop antenna with a miniaturized size of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$15\,\, \text {mm} \times 25 \,\,\text {mm}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is initially proposed for full metal-cover smartphone applications. To achieve a small clearance zone on the metal cover, a small rectangular slot of size <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$8 \,\,\text {mm} \times 16\,\, \text {mm}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is loaded into the metal cover. To allow good inductive coupling, the NFC antenna is only 0.37 mm beneath the center of the rectangular slot. Because of that, the direction of the eddy current induced on the metal cover will be the same as the dual-loop NFC antenna. It is noteworthy that the prototype NFC antenna integrated with a single rectangular slot loaded full metal cover was certified by the Europay, MasterCard, and Visa test.
A Hardware Memory Race Recorder for Deterministic Replay

As hardware vendors transition to multicore chips, software vendors face increased software reliability challenges. To effectively debug software in this new world, developers must be able to replay executions that exhibit a bug so that they can zero in on concurrency bugs - especially intermittent ones. Such deterministic replay also aids fault detection and recovery, intrusion detection, and the like. Deterministic replay requires both a recorder and a replayer. The recorder logs information during multithreaded program execution that is sufficient to enable deterministic replay. In the postmortem analysis, the replayer uses the logged information, together with the program binary, to faithfully replay the original execution. The replay will always exercise the same bugs and produce the same outputs. Clearly, an investment in modest chip resources has great potential to ease the challenges of debugging the multithreaded software that both users and vendors will continue to demand
Neural network credit-risk evaluation model based on back-propagation algorithm

The research establishes a neural network credit-risk evaluation model by using back-propagation algorithm. The model is evaluated by the credits for 120 applicants. The 120 data are separated in three groups: a "good credit" group, a "middle credit" group and a "bad credit" group. The simulation shows that the neural network credit-risk evaluation model has higher classification accuracy compared with the traditional parameter statistical approach, that is linear discriminant analysis. We still give a learning algorithm and a corresponding algorithm of the model.
An Analysis of C2C E-Commerce Taxation in China

With the popularity of Internet applications, e-commerce has been rapidly developed. And e-commerce issues related to taxation has been widely concerned around the world. This paper analyses the need for C2C e-commerce transactions taxation in China and the problems contained in C2C e-commerce taxation. A framework for C2C e-commerce taxation based on fund flow is given. This may provide some ideas and methods to C2C e-commerce taxation.
Metasurface in microwave region: Theory and applications

In this paper, recent works of metasurface in microwave region are reviewed. First, ultra-thin metasurface based on phase discontinuity is introduced. Different spatial phase functions are adopted to achieve manipulation of wavefront, including bi-polarization metalens and orbital angular momentum. Second, metasurface based on transformation optics is studied. A four-beam antenna is constructed based on metasurfaces, which is verified by experimental results. Our designs provide a promising approach to miniaturize, planarize and integrate multiple microwave components.
Physical-based simulation of DC characteristics of hydrogen-terminated diamond MOSFETs

A diamond film-based metal-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) physical-based simulation model is proposed in this paper. The DC characteristics of the proposed diamond MOSFET are analyzed by Silvaco Atlas TCAD tools. Transfer and I-V characteristics are investigated, the simulation result shows that the saturation drain current is more than 130mA/mm by the forward gate bias VGS of −4V. In total, our simulation results generally agree with the experimental results, it proves that our work is useful to investigate and predict the diamond FETs.
Active flutter control of transonic flapped wing based on CFD/CSD coupling

Transonic unsteady aerodynamics model can be obtained by CFD/CSD coupling computation, but it is disadvantaged to analyze and integrate ASE problems because of the high order of model. The high order ASE model is dealt with order reduction technique using system differentiate and analyses and balanced truncation in this paper, and integrate with the low order model. Outlines of this paper can be generalized as follow: 1) the unsteady aerodynamics reduced-order model (ROM) is gained by applying Volterra series theory, and the aeroservoelasticity (ASE) model is gained by coupling configuration dynamics and servo dynamics; 2) a lower ASE reduced-order model is obtained using the balanced truncation method; 3) based on ASE reduced-order model a mixed sensitivity Hinfin controller is designed for flutter suppression. At last, in a typical BACT system, simulations of model reduction and active flutter suppression controller designing are given. The result shows that the ASE reduced-order model based on ROM can reflect flutter characteristic of practical system factually, and it has lower order than CFD/CSD coupling model, while the low-order robust controller designed based on balanced truncated ASE model can apply to practical system effectually, and increased the flutter speed by 36%.
60GHz GaAs MMIC low noise amplifier

In this paper, a monolithic V-band low noise amplifier (LNA) is presented by using 0.15μm gate length GaAs/InGaAs/AlGaAs pseudomorphic HEMT technology. The LNA is consisted by 4 stages 4×30μm gate width transistors. The total circuit achieves 2.2-2.7 dB noise figure with more than 16dB associate gain from 57GHz to 66GHz, and the saturation output power reaches 15dBm. The chip area is 2.1mm×1.5mm.
Real-time object tracking via optimal feature subspace

In this paper, we present a real-time tracking approach based on the Optimal Feature Subspace (OFS). OFS is an optimal subspace of a random feature space, which can best represent the target and making it most distinguished in the whole scene. Initially, we randomly crop patches inside the bounding box to generate an efficient feature template set. Then a greedy algorithm fusing the cues of both target and background is proposed to seek the OFS at every frame. In the forthcoming frame, considering the correlation of different dimensions, we compute the Mahalanobis distance of candidate patches to the appearance model in the obtained subspace to locate the target. The experimental results on several challenging video clips demonstrate that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, in terms of both speed and robustness.
Performance enhancement of GaN high electron-mobility transistors with atomic layer deposition Al2O3 passivation

We report a new passivation technology based on atomic layer deposition (ALD) aluminum oxide for the GaN high electron-mobility transistor (HEMT). This new process markedly enhances GaN device's electrical performance including DC, and in particular the pulsed-IV characteristics. The achieved improvement is attributed to the outstanding interface between III-N and the ALD aluminum oxide resulting from the unique process of the ALD growth, featuring a wet-chemical-based wafer preparation as well as the self-cleaning at the very beginning of the whole growth process.
A 10–45 GHz distributed low noise amplifier MMIC with cascode FETs

This paper has presented a compact 10-45 GHz distributed amplifier MMIC with a chip size of only 1.5 mm2. In order to improve the amplifier gain, the cascode FETs configuration has been applied to reduce the output conductance. A noise figure of better than 3.8 dB and a gain of greater than 12 dB have been achieved in schematic simulation. A circuit-EM co-simulation has also been carried out to validate the proposed design. This high performance LNA MMIC has a wide application in modern electronic systems, such as the testing equipments, the high data rate optical networks and the general wideband low noise gain blocks.
Temporal changing analysis of forest crown closure of Anshan city based on spectral mixture analysis

Spectral mixture analysis method was selected for mapping forest canopy closure in different periods and analyzing the dynamic changes of forest canopy closure with Landsat TM data and field sample data. And sunlit canopy, shaded canopy, sunlit background and shaded background are selected as the four components. In order to conduct the research, Anshan city is selected as the study area. We derive the forest canopy closure of Anshan city in 1990, 2000, 2006, then analysis the dynamic changes of Anshan forest canopy closure during these periods. The result shows that Anshan forest canopy closure shows a downward trend from 1995 to 2000, and shows an upward trend from 2000 to 2006.
Voltage-Insensitive Negative Group Delay Circuit Based on a Stepped-Impedance Distributed Amplifier

A negative group delay (NGD) circuit with a steady group delay and reduced number of bias is presented in this letter. The proposed NGD circuit based on a distributed amplifier (DA) is insensitive to the biasing voltage level. By adjusting the characteristic impedances of input and output transmission lines of the DA at different stages, NGD characteristics can be realized under the same bias. This results in the fact that only one single bias voltage is needed for the gate to meet the required transfer function between the reversed and input port to synthesize NGD. More importantly, the NGD is no longer sensitive to the transistor’s bias voltage, which lays an important foundation for practical applications. The measured results show that, under various bias conditions, the circuit can provide −1 ns group delay level within 0.13-GHz NGD bandwidth. In addition, the gain of the proposed NGD circuit is configurable by adjusting the bias level.