nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of electrical control system fault knowledge base and modeling inference

A fault knowledge base management platform which uses the method of ADO.NET and directed graph is presented in this paper in order to deal with prognosis health management for electrical control system. At first, knowledge base is designed according to structure and function of the system, with hierarchical framework is taken into consideration to represent the relationship of electrical apparatus within a system, the fault topology model is derived based on directed graph with object oriented programming is proposed as design rules, Separate design model is created to add, delete, check and update easily. Secondly, knowledge update and display is given with method of decision making is also discussed in the fault model. Finally, design of power supply system for aerospace is given as case example to show the application of the platform.
A quantitative description of fluorescein transdermal transport by electroporation

In this paper, quantitative relationship of the drug permeable flux to pass skin with pathway consistence on epidermis in side-by-side permeation chamber is described by drug permeation model. It is considered that pathway conductance for drug through skin is regulated by activation and inactivation factors. From completed passive (control) and electrical pulse (experiments) experiments with fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FD), the results show that theoretical curves of pathway conductance on epidermis are fitted very well with the data from these experiments. So the conclusion is that initial activation variable (m0) increases with the initial drug flux in experiment, and the maximum of skin pathway conductance KmacrT can reflect the pulsed energy applied in the experiment at some extent. And this model may be very important for analysis of property of pathway conductance of drug transport through skin.
Impedance Alterations in Healthy and Diseased Mice During Electrically Induced Muscle Contraction

Alterations in the health of muscles can be evaluated through the use of electrical impedance myography (EIM). To date, however, nearly all work in this field has relied upon the measurement of muscle at rest. To provide an insight into the contractile mechanisms of healthy and disease muscle, we evaluated the alterations in the spectroscopic impedance behavior of muscle during the active process of muscle contraction. The gastrocnemii from a total of 13 mice were studied (five wild type, four muscular dystrophy animals, and four amyotrophic lateral sclerosis animals). Muscle contraction was induced via monophasic current pulse stimulation of the sciatic nerve. Simultaneously, multisine EIM (1 kHz to 1 MHz) and force measurements of the muscle were performed. Stimulation was applied at three different rates to produce mild, moderate, and strong contractions. We identified changes in both single and multifrequency data, as assessed by the Cole impedance model parameters. The processes of contraction and relaxation were clearly identified in the impedance spectra and quantified via derivative plots. Reductions in the center frequency fc were observed during the contraction consistent with the increasing muscle fiber diameter. Different EIM stimulation rate-dependencies were also detected across the three groups of animals.
Refractive Index and Effective Thickness Measurement System for the RGB Color Filter Coatings With Absorption and Scattering Properties

During the manufacturing processes of the thin-film transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT-LCD) panel, red, green, and blue (RGB) color filter coatings undergo the layer-adding process which causes the rough surfaces between the layers. The rough surfaces make acquiring an accurate measurement of the optical properties and thickness (n, k, d) much more difficult because the scattering effects occur. The effective layer-included model is considered in determining the (n, k, d) by including effective layers to reside between and above the multilayer (ML). To show the feasibility of the effective layer-included model, we examined the model by fitting the (n, k, d) for different virtual systems which contain different kinds of scatters reside between and above it. Our findings show that the fitted (n, k, d) can be closer to the assumed (n, k, d) by using the effective layer-included model rather than the standard model. Also, the tolerance of initial assigned (n, k, d) regions to obtain the accurate results are investigated. Further, both models are used to determine the (n, k, d) of the fabricated RGB color filter samples. In the experimental measurements, all reflection and transmission signals are measured by utilizing the in-house variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) system. Consequently, the thicknesses determined from effective layer-included model are closer to the thicknesses measured from profilometry (Alpha-step 100). Also, the transmissions under 0 °, 15 °, and 30 ° illuminations calculated from the fitted (n, k, d) through the effective layer-included model are closer to the VASE measurements rather than the standard model for each sample. We conclude that the effective layer-included model can be used to determine the accurate (n, k, d) of RGB color filter coatings with rough surface.
ALIP: The Automatic Linguistic Indexing of Pictures System

We present the Automatic Linguistic Indexing of Pictures (ALIP) system. The system annotates images with linguistic terms, chosen among hundreds of such terms. The system uses a wavelet-based approach for feature extraction, a statistical modeling process for training, and a statistical significance processor to annotate images. We implemented and tested our ALIP system on a photographic image database of 600 different concepts, each with about 40 training images. The ALIP system has been used to annotate about 60,000 photographic images. In this demonstration, we illustrate the algorithms in the system and show the annotation results. With distributed computation, the annotation of an image can be provided in real-time.
Adaptive Threshold for AVS All-Zero Block Detection

By eliminating the matrix of scaling factors in the transform and quantization, the paper derives the best AVS zero-block detection threshold relating only with the quantization parameter (QP). To improve the low detection capability of the fixed threshold, the paper proposes adaptive threshold for allzero block detection. The algorithm uses the correlation of neighboring blocks to dynamical change the threshold. Experimental results show that the fixed threshold algorithm can achieve major improvement of computation reduction from 10.32%-40.06% and the adaptive threshold algorithm can get up to 2.12% to 10.76% of encoding time reduction versus the fixed threshold algorithm. AVS;DCT; all-zero block ; adaptive threshold
Preliminary estimate of highway capacity benefit attainable with IntelliDrive technologies

Recent development in IntelliDrive and associated Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET) has stimulated tremendous interests among decision-makers, practitioners, and researchers due to the potential safety and mobility benefits provided by these technologies. A primary concern regarding the deployment of IntelliDrive is degree of market penetration required for effectiveness. This paper proposes an approach to analyze the benefit of highway capacity gained from IntelliDrive. To fulfill this purpose, a model incorporating the effects of IntelliDrive on car following is formulated, based on which a rough estimate of the resulting capacity gain is derived. A simulation study is conducted to verify the model and an illustrative example is provided to show the order of magnitude of the capacity gain. This work provides decision-makers and practitioners a basic understanding of the mobility benefit obtained from IntelliDrive and how such benefit varies as market penetration changes.
Research on Critical Techniques of Disaster-Oriented Remote Sensing Quick Mapping

with the development of remote sensing techniques, RS had become an effective way to do the disaster monitoring and assessment. Nowadays, remote sensing plays an important role in disaster mitigation. But the methods to produce the main product of remote sensing data - image maps, are very complicated, and varies work flows, lot of image processing and operations are included. The requirement for the operators is strict. They must have professional remote sensing knowledge and be skillful user of remote sensing software. These complicated requirements limited the usage of remote sensing in disaster mitigation. The data is massive, based on multi-sensor and varies types of maps are needed to be produced. Most important, in disaster mitigation mission, all work must be finished fast. In this study, critical techniques for disaster-oriented remote sensing quick mapping are discussed. Basic mapping database is established; disaster information and basic mapping database is connected through fast link and match, then the disaster spatial information quick modeling is applied. Finally, a disaster-oriented remote sensing quick mapping work flow is established. Based on the image processing methods, our work flow can enhance the efficiency of mapping and meet the requirement of practical, and auto process of massive data.
Change detection of multi-temporal remote sensing data based on image fusion and fuzzy clustering

We present a novel method based on image fusion and fuzzy clustering for change detection in remote sensing images. Firstly, the difference images by differencing operator and log-ratio operator are decomposed using Undecimated Discrete Wavelet transform (UDWT). Then, wavelet coefficients are fused to obtain multiscale feature vectors. By taking into account the spatial-neighborhood information, a change detection algorithm based fuzzy local-information C-means (FLICM) clustering is developed to obtain final detection results. Experiment confirms that the proposed approach does better than the differencing and log-ratio operators.
Micro device mould fabrication based on two-photon polymerization and electroforming

A novel method of the micro device mould fabrication is reported, which combine the femtosecond two-photon polymerization and micro electroforming. As example of the results, a 2×2 micro lens array (MLA) with diameter of 10μm and a micro gear are fabricated using S-3 photo resist by two-photon polymerization, which use an alternative annular scanning mode with continuous variable layer space after parameter optimization to achieve good surface appearance. Then the MLA and the micro gear are electroformed to obtain nickel mould. Compared to the conventional method, this work provides an alternative, fast and effective processing method for the fabrication of micro device mould that requires arbitrary shape with high surface quality and small scale.
Controlling spiral waves and spatiotemporal chaos by dislocation coupling

Suppressing the spiral waves and the spatiotemporal chaos due to its breakup in coupling systems have been considered based on a modified FitzHugh-Nagumo model (FHN). The control strategy is coupling variables u of the first system and v of the second system, which called dislocation coupling method in bidirectional coupled systems. Simulation results show that, instead of creating chaos by using common coupled method, quasi-synchronous phenomenon is available.
Development of GEM based digital hadron calorimeter

The University of Texas at Arlington High Energy physics group and its collaborators have been working on developing a digital hadron calorimeter (DHCAL) using GEM technology for the past several years. The group developed a large scale (30cmx30cm) GEM foils with 3M micro-pattern circuit division and constructed several prototype chambers. In addition to the characterizations carried out at particle beams with previous generation of prototype chambers, the group has been working on multiple channel analog readout of the chamber with KPiX 13 bit analog chip developed by the SLAC National Laboratory team for silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter. This paper reports on the latest results using the multiple channel readout of the prototype chamber and the future plans for DHCAL development activities.
Dual stator windings PMSG fed by half-controlled converters for wind power application

A novel wind energy conversion system composed of dual stator windings permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and two half-controlled converters (HCC) is proposed. The dual stator windings of the PMSG are phase shifted by 0 or 180 electric degrees and each HCC has only three switches. The control strategy based on rotor flux oriented vector control and coordinated current control without position or speed sensor is proposed for PMSG. The operation performance of the proposed system and control scheme are investigated by the simulation on Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results indicate that proposed PMSG system can achieve the stable electromagnetic torque and the controllable output power.
Effects of Defects on the Thermal and Optical Performance of High-Brightness Light-Emitting Diodes

Defects in terms of voids, cracks, and delaminations are often generated in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) devices and modules. During various manufacturing processes, accelerated testing, inappropriate handling, and field applications, defects are most frequently induced in the early stage of process development. One loading is due to the nonuniform loads caused by temperature, moisture, and their gradients. In this research, defects in various cases are modeled by a nonlinear finite-element method (FEM) to investigate the existence of interfaces, interfacial open and contacts in terms of thermal contact resistance, stress force nonlinearity, and optical discontinuity, in order to analyze their effects on the LED's thermal and optical performance. The simulation results show that voids and delaminations in the die attachment would enhance the thermal resistance greatly and decrease the LED's light extraction efficiency, depending on the defects' sizes and locations generated in packaging.
Notice of Retraction Occurrence and Fate of Heavy Metals in the Biological Wastewater Treatment Plant

The occurrence and fate of heavy metals, including Cd, Pb, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, Fe, Ni, Co, Ag and Ba were investigated in the West wastewater treatment plant of Handan, China. The samples were detected by ICP-MC. The target compounds were detected with the concentrations of 2.9μ g/L~1994.4μ g/L and 1.2μ g/L~1189.6μ g/L in the influent and secondary effluent, respectively. Most of the heavy metals were removed partly after treated by the biological wastewater treatment process. The removals of Cr, Cu, Zn, Ag, Pb were 53%~73% and the removals of Mn, Co, Cd, Ba were 26%~48%. But the removal of Ni was negative. The sludge contained for more heavy metals than influent, and Zn was the most abundant metals in the raw sewage and final sludge. It indicated that Zn and Cu were primarily (>;63%) accumulated in the sludge, while 48%~78~of Pb, Ba, Cr, Cd, Ag, Co and Mn remained in the treated effluent.
Effect factors of China's industry structure based on redundancy analysis

This paper analyzes 38 industrial structures' industry impact factor of China's 31 provinces and cities, with the method of redundancy analysis. The conclusion is as follows: (1) Redundancy analysis is a very potential method of quantitative analysis of the relation between two variables. The redundancy analysis of industry structure has passed statistically significant test, the sort result is good. (2) Currently, the most important factors, which influence the changeable of Chinese industrial structure, are the added value of ten thousand yuan of industrial energy consumption, the staff number, total assets contribution and industrial and mining land. (3) Along with the environmental factor direction, there is a part of the gradient rule in 31 provinces. (4) There is a strong and weak correlation between industries.
Measurement of the size of oil mist droplets

Both size and distribution of oil mist droplet diameter are important factors for weighing atomized quality of oil mist in lubrication. However, because of the peculiarity of oil mist droplet, it is difficult to obtain its exact dimension. This article selects Laser Particle Sizer which is based on the scattering theory of light to measure size and its distribution of oil mist droplet diameter. At the end of the article, the conclusion about how the working parameters influence atomized droplet size of oil mist is gained through measuring the size and distribution of the oil mist droplet diameter by changing the related parameters within a certain range.
Evaluation on the Policy Implementation of the Government's Infrastructure Construction in Rural Areas: Based on the Theory of Value Engineering

Since 2004, the central No.1 document has focused on issues concerning agriculture rural areas and peasantry for six years, Government has put emphasis on the agriculture more than ever before since the founding of PRC. In this year, the economic crisis has given a heavy blow to many countries in the world including China, and this made the world economy even worse. Governments have taken all the positive actions so that their economies are able to get through the difficulties. In response to the crisis Chinese government has introduced a lot of subsidy policies to benefit people especially to the agriculture, rural areas and peasantry. In this article, policy evaluation is expressed in the quantitative way instead of empty words, and gains and losses on the implementation of the government's infrastructure construction in rural areas are given rational assessment.
Performance analysis of OMP algorithm in recovering magnitude decaying sparse signals in compressive sensing

The sparse signal recovery has been the subject of extensive research in several different communities. This paper analyzes the performance of orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm in recovering magnitude decaying sparse signal in compressive sensing. A concept of Peak Signal Interference Ratio (PSIR) is defined which relates to the identification of atoms in OMP algorithm. Moreover, the relationship between PSIR and the magnitude decaying rate is given and analyzed, which bridges the gap between the performance of OMP and the signal magnitude property. The aforementioned result can be verified through experimental simulation of recovering Zero-one sparse signal and different magnitude decaying sparse signals.
Pentacene TFT with improved linear region characteristics using chemically modified source and drain electrodes

We have fabricated pentacene active layer organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) using chemically-modified source and drain contacts with improved contact and linear region characteristics. OTFTs fabricated on heavily doped, thermally oxidized single-crystal silicon substrates have linear field-effect mobility greater than 0.5 cm/sup 2//V-s at a drain-source voltage of -0.1 V, on/off current ratio greater than 10/sup 7/, and subthreshold slope as low as 0.7 V/decade.
Adaptive control for hysteretic system with unknown control direction

For a class of strict-feedback nonlinear systems with hysteresis described by Bouc-Wen model, adaptive controller is proposed combined with backstepping technique. In this method, RBF neural network is used to approximate the unknown function. The unknown control direction is solved by Nussbaum function. It is proved that all the closed-loop signals are bounded, and the tracking error converges to an arbitrarily small field. Finally, the simulation shows the feasibility of the control scheme.
A unified form for BELS method in colored noise case

The bias eliminated least squares (BELS) method is one of consistent estimation methods for unknown parameters of transfer function in the presence of colored noise. In this paper, a unified form for BELS (UBELS) method is proposed by means of introducing an auxiliary vector and a nonsingular matrix. The introduced nonsingular matrix and auxiliary vector uncorrelated with noise are used to construct a new signal regression vector and new parameter vector. The new model described by the new signal regression vector and new parameter vector is an equivalent expression of the true system model. Consequently the estimate of colored-noise-induced bias can be obtained so that the bias of LS parameter estimate is removed to get consistent parameter estimate. It is shown that the UBELS method turns out to be a more general type of bias-correction based algorithms than the GBELS method that is recently presented. Moreover comparison between UBELS and GBELS methods and relationship between UBELS and instrumental variables (IV) methods are studied.
A spectral method for solving elliptic equations for surface reconstruction and 3D active contours

The solution of elliptic partial differential equations arises in 3D surface reconstruction and active contours. Most current approaches are iterative including finite element methods (FEM) and finite difference methods (FDM). We describe a fast spectral method for solving elliptic equations over the unit sphere. A double Fourier series expansion is applied to model convex or star-shaped 3D surfaces. The Helmholtz equation governing a diffusion on the unit sphere is solved by spectral methods using the double Fourier series as orthogonal basis functions. The optimization of the regularization parameter, which controls the tradeoff between denoising and matching high spatial frequencies, is studied for different 3D shapes and noise models. We show how the resultant solution can be combined with active contour methods to speed up 3D medical image segmentation. A number of examples and simulation results are presented to illustrate the algorithm.
Detecting Phishing Websites Based on the Study of the Financial Industry Webserver Logs

In this paper, we introduce a new phishing detection method, which is based on the analysis of legitimate Website server log information. The idea is based on finding the references. Because of the references, every time the victim opens phishing Website, the phishing Website will refer to the legitimate Website by asking for resources. Then, there is a log, which is recorded by the legal Website server. Through analyzing the logs, we find the phishing Websites. The idea is specific and very targeted. According to our experiments, it is effective and has high accuracy.
A Scheme for Protecting Mobile Agents Based on Combining Obfuscated Data and Time Checking Technology

Mobile agents are programs that travel autonomously through a computer network in order to perform some computation or gather information on behalf of a human user or an application. In most applications, the security of mobile agents is of the utmost importance. Obfuscation is a technique in which the mobile code producer enforces the security policy by applying a behavior transformation to the code before sending it to run on different platforms. This paper presents a protection scheme of mobile agent in network application, which combining obfuscated data and time checking technology to verify the security of node. How to obtain important data in time checking is given also. The protection scheme is tested in actual network management environment, which can effectively identify the malicious node.