nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Co-simulation with AMESim and MATLAB for differential dynamic coupling of Hybrid Electric Vehicle

A new dynamic coupling device of Hybrid Electric Vehicle(HEV) was put forward based on the traditional symmetric bevel gear differential. And the co-simulation platform was constructed based on AMESim and MATLAB by analysis of the transfer mechanism for the new dynamic coupling. The control strategy was developed using MATLAB, the dynamic model of HEV was built using AMESim, and the data exchange was realized through AMESim special interface module and MATLAB S function. The performance simulation was performed on the co-simulation platform, and the simulation results show that it is feasible to act traditional symmetric bevel gear differential as the dynamic coupling device of HEV, and the fuel consumption can be reduced obviously.
An high-speed low-noise rotor topology for EV/HEV PMSM

Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for EV/HEV pursues higher efficiency, higher power density, higher rotation speed and better NVH performance. To meet these requirements, an improved triangle rotor topology is presented. The new rotor topology is researched through comparing the performance with V shape rotor and traditional triangle shape rotor. The comparing results on air-gap flux density, key order radial forces, sound pressure, inductance, torque, anti- demagnetization capability and efficiency proved the advantage of the new rotor topology.
Comparison between model reference observer and reduced order observer of PMSM torque

The load torque disturbance influences the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor speed control. Therefore, to compensate this problem, this paper designed a model reference torque observer based on Popov-super-stability theory. This observer uses off-line calculation to obtain the model parameters and PI calculation of the speed model error to get the load torque. This structure is simple and easy to implement for speed control compensation. The compare of this observer and a reduced order torque observer is studied by simulation. The results show that the model reference observer designed this paper has better performance in convergence, noise immunity and observation accuracy, and is more suitable for speed control compensation.
Exact analysis of acoustic wave propagation in piezoelectric fibers of hexagonal crystal symmetry

An exact analysis is presented for acoustic wave propagation in a cladded acoustic fiber having a core and an infinite thick cladding both made of piezoelectric hexagonal crystal of 6-mm point group symmetry. The crystalline Z axes of both the core and cladding coincide with the fiber axis. A general dispersion equation is derived for all the acoustic modes propagating along the fiber axis. Two simpler and independent equations which represent the dispersion relations for torsional and radial-axial modes can be separated from the general dispersion equation. It is found that the radial-axial and general flexural modes are piezoelectrically active, while the torsional modes are not. Numerical results for the dispersion curves of a few lower-order pure guided flexural, radial-axial, and torsional modes for a ZnS fiber are given.<<ETX>>
Improving low-dose X-ray CT images by Weighted Intensity Averaging over Large-scale Neighborhoods

How to reduce the radiation dose delivered to the patients is always an important concern since the introduction of computed tomography (CT). With respect to patients' care, the least possible radiation dose is demanded. Though clinically desired, low-dose CT (LDCT) images tend to be severely degraded by quantum noise and artifacts under low dose scan protocols. This paper proposes to improve the LDCT images by Weighted Intensity Averaging over Large-scale Neighborhoods (WIA-LN). In the implementation of the proposed WIA-LN method, the processed pixel intensities are from a selective weighted intensity averaging of the pixels belonging to different organs or attenuation tissues within large-scale neighborhoods. Effective suppression of noise and artifacts in LDCT images without obvious loss of fine anatomic features are realized. In experiment, CT images of different doses from a Siemens CT with 16 detector rows are used. Results validate an excellent performance of the proposed approach in improving clinical LDCT images.
Combined Beam Space Time Block Coding Transmit Scheme with Receive Antenna Selection

Theoretical investigations have proven that the system combining beamforming with space-time block coding (STBC) in MIMO systems can improve the performance efficiently. However, the multiple RF chains associated with multiple antennas are costly in terms of size, power, and hardware. Antenna selection is a low-cost low-complexity alternative to capture many of the advantages of MIMO systems. In this paper, we firstly construct a beam space-time block coding (BSTBC) scheme at the transmitter. Then, a new algorithm for receive antenna selection (RAS) is proposed. Simulation results for quasi-static Rayleigh flat fading channel demonstrate the significant performance of the proposed selection algorithm and the combining system
Mean LQI and RSSI based link evaluation algorithm and the application in frequency hopping mechanism in wireless sensor networks

The evaluation of communication link is crucial to wireless sensor networks. A link evaluation algorithm based on mean LQI and mean RSSI is proposed by analysis of a large mount of data collected from communication tests. This algorithm can improve the speed and precision of evaluation for communication link, and improve the reliability of wireless sensor networks. Then EPA based Frequency Hopping Metric(EPA-FHM) is presented, and applied to frequency-hopping algorithm. The performance of EPA-FHM is tested with the CC2420 as the platform, and the results show the reliability is improved.
Editorial A Successful Change From TNN to TNNLS and a Very Successful Year

This issue marks the first anniversary issue of IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS after it changed its name from IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS. I am happy to report that we had a great year! The number of new submissions in a year exceeded 1,000 for the first time in the history of TNN/TNNLS.  TNN had a very successful development for 22 years from 1990 to 2011, and we have good reasons to believe that IEEE TNNLS will have many more years of successful growth.
A review of aero-engine blade fouling mechanism

As the heart of aircraft, aero-engine's performance is one of the influence factors of flight safety and fuel efficiency. The purpose of this paper is to study turbofan engine blade fouling's formation mechanism and development progress. Blade is one of the key parts of the whole turbofan engine which includes fan blades and axial compressor rotor and stator blades. Blade fouling is the process that tiny particles adhere to the surface of blade with the increase of engine flight hours. This study analyzes the source of the fouling contaminants and particle kinematics, dynamics and fouling simulation process, which are based on the mechanism of blade fouling and particles deposition.
Aligning Event Logs to Task-Time Matrix Clinical Pathways in BPMN for Variance Analysis

Clinical pathways (CPs) are popular healthcare management tools to standardize care and ensure quality. Analyzing CP compliance levels and variances is known to be useful for training and CP redesign purposes. Flexible semantics of the business process model and notation (BPMN) language has been shown to be useful for the modeling and analysis of complex protocols. However, in practical cases one may want to exploit that CPs often have the form of task-time matrices. This paper presents a new method parsing complex BPMN models and aligning traces to the models heuristically. A case study on variance analysis is undertaken, where a CP from the practice and two large sets of patients data from an electronic medical record (EMR) database are used. The results demonstrate that automated variance analysis between BPMN task-time models and real-life EMR data are feasible, whereas that was not the case for the existing analysis techniques. We also provide meaningful insights for further improvement.
A low-cost protocol and application for UWB localization

Range Radio by Advanced Ultra-Wideband Radio Technology, FP7-ICT-215669, www.euwb.eu) project has been an industry-led initiative of twenty-one major industrial and excellent academic organizations from Europe and Israel who have been targeting innovative improvement, adaptation, integration and application of short-range Ultra-Wideband Radio Technology (UWB-RT). EUWB has effectively leveraged and significantly enhanced the scientific knowledge base in the advanced UWB-RT and has provided sophisticated new applications enabled by UWB and highly demanded in several European key industrial sectors such as home entertainment consumer electronics, automotive, public transportation, and heterogeneous cellular networks. It is anticipated that the efficient exploitation of cross-layer functionalities will fertilize the successful application of UWB technology. Within EUWB, major fields of this emerging challenge have been identified, such as the cognitive radio related Detect-And-Avoid (DAA) technology and the localization and tracking (LT) technology. An important aspect is to design an LT protocol. In this manuscript the authors will first illustrate the technical approach of EUWB, giving a brief overview of the project. Then, the authors will propose a novel LT protocol and application. This application is tailored to operate also with UWB devices that do not fully comply with the previously proposed LT schemes which need specific physical and medium access control layer functionalities.
Improving threshold-voltage uniformity of 0.1 /spl mu/m InP-based MODFETs with different gate layouts

It is shown that the threshold-voltage uniformity of 0.1 µm InAlAs/InGaAs-based modulation-doped field-effect transistors with different numbers of gate fingers and different gate widths can be improved when a thin cap-layer structure is employed. This improvement is based on the reduction of the recess time. This reduction suppresses the difference in etching that results from the different etching rates caused by the different electrochemical effects that occur because of the varied gate layouts.
Coupled structural-electromagnetic modeling and analysis of offset reflector antennas

With the development of offset reflector antennas with high performance, the growing demands for high frequency, low sidelobe level and reduced mass have brought structural design and manufacturing process stringent requirements. The coupled structural-electromagnetic problem of offset reflector antennas is studied to find out the prime structural factors which have a great effect on electromagnetic performances, thereby reducing the requirements of minor structural factors effectively. Considering the structural factors such as the reflector surface errors and the feed errors, the coupled structural-electromagnetic model of the offset reflector antenna is discussed and developed by using the aperture field method. The coupled analysis results of the electromagnetic performance of a 2.6-m spaceborne offset antenna with surface thermal distortions caused by solar radiation shows the proposed coupled model is effective and of potential engineering value.
Marginal Fisher Analysis and Its Variants for Human Gait Recognition and Content- Based Image Retrieval

Dimensionality reduction algorithms, which aim to select a small set of efficient and discriminant features, have attracted great attention for human gait recognition and content-based image retrieval (CBIR). In this paper, we present extensions of our recently proposed marginal Fisher analysis (MFA) to address these problems. For human gait recognition, we first present a direct application of MFA, then inspired by recent advances in matrix and tensor-based dimensionality reduction algorithms, we present matrix-based MFA for directly handling 2-D input in the form of gray-level averaged images. For CBIR, we deal with the relevance feedback problem by extending MFA to marginal biased analysis, in which within-class compactness is characterized only by the distances between each positive sample and its neighboring positive samples. In addition, we present a new technique to acquire a direct optimal solution for MFA without resorting to objective function modification as done in many previous algorithms. We conduct comprehensive experiments on the USF HumanID gait database and the Corel image retrieval database. Experimental results demonstrate that MFA and its extensions outperform related algorithms in both applications.
Cross-layer functionality in ultra-wideband applications, The EUWB perspective

EUWB (Coexisting Short Range Radio by Advanced Ultra-Wideband Radio Technology, FP7-ICT-215669, www.euwb.eu) has been an industry-led initiative of twenty-one major industrial and excellent academic organizations from Europe and Israel targeting innovative improvement, adaptation, integration and application of short-range Ultra-Wideband Radio Technology (UWB-RT). EUWB will effectively leverage and significantly enhance the scientific knowledge base in the advanced UWB-RT and will provide sophisticated new applications enabled by UWB and highly demanded in several European key industrial sectors such as home entertainment consumer electronics, automotive, public transportation, and heterogeneous cellular networks. A major asset of the successful application of UWB technology will be an efficient exploitation of cross-layer functionalities. Within EUWB, two major fields of this emerging challenge have been identified, namely the cognitive radio related Detect-And-Avoid (DAA) technology and the location tracking (LT) technology. In this manuscript the authors will first illustrate the technical approach of EUWB, giving a brief overview of the project and then explain how DAA and LT have been considered in the EUWB application solutions.
Defibrillation impedance: including an inductive element

A new equivalent circuit model is proposed to quantify the defibrillation impedance for short pulses. Six male guinea pigs (850-1050 g) were used. A defibrillator delivered square voltage pulses (200 V). Three electrode placements were tested randomly: normal, abdominal, and subcutaneous. The equivalent circuit model was determined according to the best fitting curves of current waveforms in the first 3 ms. An inductor was included in the model to account for the rising current waveforms. The inductors were 213/spl plusmn/57, 40/spl plusmn/10 and 236/spl plusmn/39 for the normal subcutaneous and abdominal placements, respectively. The skin to the electrodes appears to be the major source of the inductance, the heart and lungs do not make substantial contributions. The mechanism of the inductance could be electroporation of the stratum corneum and cell membranes. This inductive model better predicts defibrillation impedance for short waveforms.
A projective clustering algorithm based on significant local dense areas

High dimensional clustering is often encountered in real application and projective clustering is an effective way to deal with high dimensional clustering problems aiming to capture the dense areas embedded in subsets of attributes/subspaces. Most projective clustering algorithms use equal or varying width hyper-rectangle structure to identify the dense areas and their locations. Therefore, it is a crucial task to decide the widths of these hyper-rectangle structures in projective clustering. Naturally, making use of the real data distribution directly to determine the widths of the dense structures is a promising and feasible approach. In this paper, we propose a projective clustering algorithm based on hyper-rectangle structure, whose width is estimated from the kernel distribution of real data. In particular, we first define a structure called Significant Local Dense Area (SLDA) structure by using an efficient kernel density estimator, Rodeo; and then design a greedy search method to find the whole SLDAs covered the data distribution in the high-dimensional space; eventually, we run a single-linkage clustering algorithm on the SLDAs to form the final clusters and identify the outliers. The main strength of the proposed algorithm is validated by the experiments on synthetic and real world data sets.
Development of a Four-Feet Driving Type Linear Piezoelectric Actuator Using Bolt-Clamped Transducers

A four feet driving-type linear piezoelectric actuator, which achieves linear driving motion with step displacement of several microns by the alternating longitudinal motions of three bolt-clamped transducers, is designed and tested. The three transducers are located in I-shape, and the four end tips of the two horizontal transducers are used to drive the runner step-by-step. The horizontal displacements of the driving tips are used to lock the runner, whereas their vertical displacements push the runner linearly. The kinematics of the linear piezoelectric actuator is analyzed and discussed, and the deformations of the transducers are calculated. A prototype is fabricated and tested by an experimental platform. The output displacement has approximately a linear relationship with the amplitude of the voltage, and their ratio is tested to be about 0.01 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/V. The steady displacement of the driving tip is tested to be about 1.85 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for one step under voltage of 200 V, and a maximum speed of 141.2 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>/s is achieved under a frequency of 70 Hz.
Comparison of the Task Performances with the Multi-display Computer

For this study we are going to apply a type of computer tasks which are used in an actual control room. Subjects are supposed to perform the primary task (typing task watching the main monitor) and the secondary task (clicking targets with the mouse, which appear randomly in the sub-monitor) at the same time. The secondary tasks were differentiated with three different task intensities. During the experiment, the primary and secondary tasks were measured and evaluated depending on the intensities of the subtasks and the locations of the sub-monitors. Followings are the conclusions which were obtained after the evaluation: 1) The higher the task intensity is, the lower the task performance. 2) Regardless of the task intensity, the task performance of the subtask is high in the center of the monitor. When the task intensity is low, the center section of the monitor becomes the starting point for searching. 3) When the task intensity is high, the task performance in the left section of the monitor becomes low.
Design of ship motion controller based on discrete fuzzy multi-model approach

The problems of the discrete fuzzy controller design for the ship motion system and the stability analysis for the closed-loop discrete fuzzy system are studied. Firstly, a discrete T-S fuzzy model of the ship motion system is established; then, by using the method of parallel distributed compensation, a new sufficient condition to check the stability of the closed-loop discrete T-S fuzzy system is proposed based on the definition of the discrete piecewise fuzzy Lyapunov function. This condition only needs satisfying the condition of the fuzzy Lyapunov approach in each maximal overlapped-rule group. Therefore, the proposed condition is less conservative and difficult than the common Lyapunov approach and the fuzzy Lyapunov approach. Finally, a fuzzy controller of a ship motion system is designed, and the simulation results show that the approach proposed is effective.
Estimating the theoretical limit of the power conversion efficiency of a luminescent solar concentrator device from the perspective of Shockley-Queisser limit

A model was developed to estimate the theoretical limit of the power conversion efficiency of a luminescent solar concentrator device from the perspective of Shockley-Queisser limit. The modeling results indicated that the theoretical limit of the power conversion efficiency of a luminescent solar concentrator device is always lower than Shockley-Queisser limit. The types of photon energy loss were also analyzed.
Design of a 664GHz wideband sub-harmonic mixer based on MASTER technology

In this paper, a terahertz wideband sub-harmonic mixer based on the Schottky anti-parallel diodes pair and MASTER technology is presented. The mixer circuit is fabricated on a 0.05mm quartz substrate including Schottky anti-parallel diodes pair, RF/LO transition, IF matching networks and filtering circuits. The diode circuit is fabricated on a quartz substrate directly by MASTER technology. The research analyzed the topology of sub-harmonic mixer, device modeling of Schottky diodes, the 3D electromagnetic passive circuits and the mixer circuitry with optimum performance. Conversion loss of the mixer is less than 10dB range from 513GHz to 705GHz when the LO pumped power was 5dBm at 260GHz to 400GHz.
Array of curl antennas excited by helix wires

A linear array composed of monofilar spiral antennas excited through helical wires is studied, which can be used on a land station in satellite communications. The results show that the array can form a tilted fan beam with circular polarization. The results are close to those derived by the moment method, in which much time and computer resources are required. Its beam direction can be adjusted by changing the feeding phase difference of the antenna elements. A square array that has broader bandwith of frequency than one antenna element is also analyzed in this paper.
Functional Annotation from Meta-analysis of Microarray Datasets

Tremendous amounts of microarray data for various organisms have provided a rich opportunity for computational analyses of gene products. Integrating these data can help inferring gene function effectively. Nevertheless, combining various heterogeneous, incomplete and noisy microarray datasets is still challenging. To address this challenge, we have developed a new statistical model for combining multiple microarray datasets for gene function prediction. We first evaluate the statistical significance of a Pearson correlation coefficient between two gene expression profiles in a single dataset using p-value based on the standard t-statistics. We then use the joint meta-analysis p-value to quantify the posterior probability that two genes have the same function using multiple microarray datasets. The function of a gene is predicted according to the posterior probabilities of its co-expressed genes with known functions in the multiple microarray datasets. To test the sensitivity and specificity of our model, we used microarray data of yeast and human to predict gene functions. Our results show that combining multiple datasets improves the accuracy over the best function prediction of any single dataset significantly. We have implemented the method into a software tool using the C programming language. The executables under Linux and Windows are available upon request. Supplementary data along with prediction results are available at http://digbio.missouri.edu/meta_analyses.