nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Determining the optimal solution of dynamic traffic assignment model in ITS

As to the basic theoretical problem in intelligent transportation system (ITS), how to solve the problem of dynamic traffic assignment is one of the most crucial posers in the world. In this paper, the dynamic traffic assignment model for multi-origin and multi-destination road network is put-forward. Meanwhile, the equivalence is demonstrated that the dynamic user-optimal route choice problem can be converted to an optimal control problem with a defined objective function. Finally, a numerical example is presented indicating that the conclusion obtained in this paper yields realistic results.
Balanced-to-unbalanced filtering power divider with compact size and high common-mode suppression

A compact balanced-to-unbalanced (BTUB) filtering power divider (FPD) to simultaneously realise the functions of power dividing, bandpass response, a BTUB transformer with high common-mode suppression and good isolation between two output ports is proposed. This component is constructed by two half-wavelength resonators and the special designed feeding-line structure. For verification, an FPD working at 2.39 GHz is fabricated and measured. The measured results show good agreement with the simulation.
Notice of RetractionAn experimental and theoretical evaluation of micro rotor MCF3225 in static conditions

The hovering performance of micro rotor with twisted blades and nonuniform chords was studied experimentally and theoretically in a low Reynolds range from 2,000 to 1,6000. With the reduction of rotor diameter and motor size, the hovering performance study becomes a challenge for micro rotors. This study focus on the hovering performance of a carbon laminate rotor of MCF3225 with diameter of 8.1cm. A test bench was designed with sensitive mechanism system in view of being able to measure the thrust and torque of micro rotor simultaneously and response to the change of variables rapidly with sufficient accuracy. Experiments were conducted at several different rotational speeds. Corresponding to the experiments, computations were also performed by incompressible Reynolds-averaged Naiver-Stokes solver with laminar flow model and moving reference frame technique. The thrust coefficient and power coefficient was analyzed. The figure of merit of rotor was also calculated. It was found that the thrust coefficient kept almost a constant while the power coefficient changed with the variation of Reynolds number. Both the experiments and computations show that the figure of merit was less than 0.45. And it is evident that the performance of rotor and motor degraded with the reduction of rotor diameter and motor size.
Notice of RetractionMoment Exponential Stability of a Kind of Stochastic SIRS Model

This paper studies a kind of stochastic SIRS model describing transmission for epidemics. With the help of Lyapunov function's formulation and It ô formula, a detailed analysis on moment exponential stability for the solution of the model is carried out. Our results demonstrates that a certain kind of stochastic parameter perturbation will help to make the underlying system stabilize.
A new compact model for AlGaN/GaN HEMTs including self-heating effects

This paper presents a new compact electrothermal model for GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). An analytic and succinct expression for the drain current Ids is acquired by combining surface potential based method and channel division method. Self-heating effects are described in the model by introducing an empirical expression for the critical electric field Ec as a function of temperature and gate voltage. The presented I-V model can accurately fit DC measurements. Furthermore, good agreement between RF simulations and measurements can be achieved by substituting the I-V model in this paper for the original Ids module in a compact large-signal model.
Reduced order aerodynamics for delta wing pitching oscillations

An unsteady aerodynamic reduced order model (ROM) based on Volterra Series is presented to identify the aerodynamics of a pitching delta wing. The wavelet multi-resolution analysis is employed to truncate the identification parameters. The identifications of unsteady aerodynamics are carried out in various cases with different mean angles of attack and oscillation amplitude. The results show that the second order nonlinear component of the responses appears in the cases with larger mean angle of attack and/or oscillation amplitude. This nonlinear component suppresses the oscillation amplitude of the aerodynamic responses. The first-order ROM capture the linear component exactly, but have no identification ability for the nonlinear component. Comparatively, The second-order ROM is capable of recognizing both linear and the second-order nonlinear component and significantly improve the prediction accuracy of aerodynamics with higher mean angle of attack and larger oscillation amplitude. In addition, the wavelet multi-resolution analysis is helpful to obtain the low-order approximation of Volterra Series and reduces the algorithm complexity.
A Multiple Features Distance Preserving (MFDP) Model for Saliency Detection

Playing a vital role, saliency has been widely applied for various image analysis tasks, such as content-aware image retargeting, image retrieval and object detection. It is generally accepted that saliency detection can benefit from the integration of multiple visual features. However, most of the existing literatures fuse multiple features at saliency map level without considering cross-feature information, i.e. generate a saliency map based on several maps computed from an individual feature. In this paper, we propose a Multiple Feature Distance Preserving (MFDP) model to seamlessly integrate multiple visual features through an alternative optimization process. Our method outperforms the state-of-the-arts methods on saliency detection. Saliency detected by our method is further cooperated with seam carving algorithm and significantly improves the performance on image retargeting.
Locomotion of an actinomorphic soft robot with soft composite structures

In this article, we present an actinomorphic soft robot with soft composite structures actuated by Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) wires. The composite structures act as arm function in the robot and incorporate soft materials, elastic plate and SMA wires. We analyze the relationship of frequency response of structures with the heating voltage and distance between PVC board and SMA wires. Based on resistance feedback of SMA wires, an adulation heating (AH) strategy was applied in composite structures. The strategy can adjust amplitude response of reciprocal motion of structures. Two kinds of rhythmic gaits were proposed for realizing the locomotion of the robot in different circumstances, e.g. circular undulation gait and horizontal undulation gait. The robot applied a hierarchical control system including a integral control layer to plan robot locomotion and several sub-control layers to control arm state. The maximum locomotion speed of the soft robot on flat ground was able to reach 140 mm/s in the air.
Pronounced quantum hall-effect on epitaxial graphene up to 70K

Mechanical exfoliated graphene, a monolayer of carbon atoms tightly packed into a two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal lattice, has recently been shown to be thermodynamically stable and exhibits astonishing transport properties, such as an electron mobility of ~15,000 cm2/Vs and an electron velocity of ~108 cm/s at room temperature. However, this exfoliation process cannot form the basis for a large-scale manufacturing process. Recent reports of large-area epitaxial graphene by thermal decomposition of SiC wafers have provided the missing pathway to a viable electronics technology. An interesting question that remains to be addressed is whether the electrical properties of epitaxial graphene on SiC are essentially same as those in exfoliated graphene films. For example, the well-known quantum Hall-effect (QHE), a distinguishing feature of a 2D electronic material system, is just beginning to be discovered in epitaxial graphene. In this paper, we report on the observation of the QHE in gated epitaxial graphene films on SiC (0001), along with pronounced Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations in magnetotransport. The last QH plateau is especially pronounced, even at temperatures as high as 70K, reaching the temperature limit of the present experimental setup.
Design of electrical pan-tilt controller based on ARM11

This paper presented a pan-tilt control system based on ARM11 and embedded system of Linux, introduced the hardware and software design of pan-tilt controller and how it specifically worked. It mainly included the design of circuit, the design of device drivers of embedded Linux system, and the communication protocol's implementation of the pan-tilt serial interface. The system integrated the pan-tilt rotation control, the camera parameters control, video and image processing, so it not only saved hardware cost, but also improved greatly the efficiency of the system and the Performance-to-Price Ratio of products.
Kinship Measurement on Face Images by Structured Similarity Fusion

Kinship verification via facial images is an emerging problem in computer vision and biometrics. Recent research has shown that learning a kin similarity measurement plays a critical role in constructing a vision-based kinship measurement system. We propose in this paper a new similarity metric learning method for kinship measurement on human faces. To this end, we first extract multiple feature representations for each face image using different face descriptors. Then, multiple sparse bilinear similarity models (one for each view) are jointly learned by using joint structured sparsity-inducing norms, such that the similarity score of a pair of child–parent images is consistently higher than those of the pairs without kinship relations while leveraging the interactions and correlations among the multiview data to obtain the fused and higher level information. We also derive an efficient algorithm to solve the formulated nonsmooth objective. Experimental results on kinship data sets show that our method achieves competitive or better accuracy performance in comparison with the state-of-the-art multimetric learning-based kinship verification methods but enjoys the superiority in computational efficiency, making it more practical for vision-based kin measurement applications.
RCS computation of large inhomogeneous objects using a fast integral equation solver

In this paper, we apply a fast Fourier transform (FFT) accelerated volume integral equation solver to compute the radar cross section of large-scale inhomogeneous objects. This method is related to Bojarski's k-space method and the subsequent conjugate-(CG) and biconjugate-gradient (BCG) FFT algorithms. The method developed here combines the weak-form discretization with the BCG and stabilized BCG (BCGS) solvers. We show that this method has marked improvements over related algorithms. The numerical method has been validated by Mie series for multilayer spheres and applied to some practical problems. With this method we are currently able to solve a three-dimensional problem with a volume of size 3648/spl lambda//sup 3/ (21.23 million unknowns) on a single workstation.
Discriminative GoDec+ for Classification

GoDec+ is a robust low-rank representation model, which adopts correntropy to model noise and corruptions. To extend GoDec+ for classification, this paper proposes discriminative GoDec+ (D-GoDec+). In the model, each class is represented by a shared underlying subspace and a specific transformation matrix. Structural label information and the Fisher discrimination criterion are incorporated to model the reconstruction errors and coefficients. An efficient solution to D-GoDec+ is proposed based on half-quadratic optimization, and convergence of the solution is rigorously analyzed. Based on D-GoDec+, a simple but effective classification method is presented by combining the discriminability of reconstruction errors and coefficients. Through the use of transformation matrices, the classification method avoids complex encoding computation in the dictionary represented methods and thus is very efficient. Experimental results on face recognition, object classification, scene classification, and action recognition demonstrate the advantages of the proposed model.
Efficient optimization of a Ka-Band MMIC sub-harmonically pumped image rejection diode mixer

An efficient optimization technique, support vector regression (SVR) approach, is proposed for designing of Ka-band MMIC sub-harmonically pumped image rejection diode mixer. This SVR approach comes from the support vector machine (SVM) learning theory, which is based on the structural risk minimization (SRM) principle and leads good generalization ability. With this method, a Ka-band MMIC 4th harmonic image rejection diode mixer is designed using comercial United Monolithic Semiconductors process. Details of design approach and outcome of performance simulations is presented.
Person re-identification via rich color-gradient feature

Person re-identification refers to match the same pedestrian across disjoint views in non-overlapping camera networks. Lots of local and global features in the literature are put forward to solve the matching problem, where color feature is robust to viewpoint variance and gradient feature provides a rich representation robust to illumination change. However, how to effectively combine the color and gradient features is an open problem. In this paper, to effectively leverage the color-gradient property in multiple color spaces, we propose a novel Second Order Histogram feature (SOH) for person reidentification in large surveillance dataset. Firstly, we utilize discrete encoding to transform commonly used color space into Encoding Color Space (ECS), and calculate the statistical gradient features on each color channel. Then, a second order statistical distribution is calculated on each cell map with a spatial partition. In this way, the proposed SOH feature effectively leverages the statistical property of gradient and color as well as reduces the redundant information. Finally, a metric learned by KISSME  with Mahalanobis distance is used for person matching. Experimental results on three public datasets, VIPeR, CAVIAR and CUHK01, show the promise of the proposed approach.
Making recommendations based on profitability analysis in a hybrid system

The study on recommender systems always blinds to the profitability difference among customers. In our research, we have extended our previous work of segmenting customers based on their contributions by proposing a hybrid recommendation system which uses multi-agent system, collaborative filtering together to serve the customers with high profitability, while using simplified top-N to generate high efficient recommendations for the lower profitability customers. Also, agent-based recommendation strategy selection architecture has been proposed and examined in the hybrid recommendation system.
Analysis of SFR's impaction on delay time based DMMAC for VANETs

Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs) are networks rely on short-range communication technology to facilitate Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communications. Various Media Access Control (MAC) protocols are proposed by recent researches to support efficient and reliable wireless access for VANETs. Particularly, Dedicated Multichannel MAC (DMMAC) distinguished itself as a collision-free and delay-bounded MAC protocol with the advantage of adapting its framework to different traffic density. Since MAC protocol is critical for VANETs, a detail analysis of its performance is clearly required to provide references for future deployment. In this paper, a novel analytical model using probabilistic method is proposed to evaluate the time-delay performance of DMMAC through a function of Slots For Reservation (SFR) value and vehicular nodes number within two-hop neighborhood. This model supplies a new approach to optimize the value of SFR to DMMAC protocol according to the network requirements such as the traffic density. Simulation results carried out in Matlab are consistent with theoretical analyses, which confirms the correctness of the proposed analytical model. Numerical relationship can be derived from the simulation results that the delay time is adversely influenced when the value of SFR or the density of traffic increases, while the differentiations brought by different SFRs become minor when encountering a denser traffic.
A hybrid single-switch power factor correction pre-regulator

Power factor correction converters are widely used as the pre-regulator for the downstream DC-DC converter in order to comply with IEC 1000-3-2 specifications. However, for power supplies with hold-up time requirement, when the input drops out the energy stored in the capacitor of the pre-regulator cannot be fully transferred to the next stage due to the limit of duty cycle in the downstream DC-DC converter. This paper proposes a new pre-regulator that can reduce the bulky capacitor and suppress the voltage across it below 450 V. Basic operation of the converter is discussed and experimental results are provided for verification.
The Measurement and Calculation of Elastic Coefficient in Cobb-Douglas Production Basing on the Same Kind Technology Level

In allusion to the flaw confirmed by traditional fund output elastic coefficient and labor output elastic coefficient, the article measures and calculates the labor and capital elastic coefficient in Chinese different develop stages by using Cobb-Douglas production function model and selecting different period cross section data through grey cluster theory. And studies and analyze the measurement and calculation result. The article finds that: Elastic coefficient is different under vary periods and technology levels. Labor elastic coefficient of Chinese regional economics from 1981 to 2003 becomes bigger and bigger and capital elastic coefficient becomes smaller and smaller with the improvement of technique level, but the two contend basic relationship: alpha+beta=1. The article forecasts the change of labor and capital elastic coefficient with the technique level change
Numerical simulation of GaN HEMTs with local doping barrier layer

GaN HEMT with local doping barrier layer is proposed in this paper. The DC and RF characteristics are analyzed by using 2D numerical simulation. The results show that the breakdown voltage is 25% larger than that of the conventional structure due to the extension of depleted layer width between gate and drain electrodes. A theoretical maximum output power density of 14.6W/mm has been achieved, which is ~34% larger than conventional structure. And the RF simulation results show that the proposed GaN HEMT also improved the maximum stable gain by 1dB up to 70GHz due to the decrease of the gate-drain capacitance.
Fast spectral-domain method for acoustic scattering problems

This paper presents the application of the conjugate-gradient (CG) fast Fourier transform (FFT) (CG-FFT) method and the CG nonuniform FFT (CG-NUFFT) method for the integral equation arising from acoustic scattering problems. In the conventional method of moments (MoM) for integral equations, the CPU and memory requirements are O(N/sup 3/) and O(N/sup 2/), respectively, where N is the number of unknowns in the problem. The CG-FFT method, which combines the iterative conjugate-gradient method with FFT, reduces these requirements to O(KN log/sub 2/N) and O(N), respectively, where K is the number of CG iterations. The CG-NUFFT method differs from the CG-FFT method in that it makes use of nonuniform FFT algorithms instead of FFT to allow a nonuniform discretization. Therefore, the CG-NUFFT method can solve the integral equation with both uniform and nonuniform grid while retaining the efficiency of the CG-FFT method. These two methods are applied to solve for two-dimensional constant density acoustic scattering problems. Numerical. results demonstrate that they can solve much larger problems than the MoM.
A 40-43Gb/s clock and data recovery IC with integrated SFI-5 1:16 demultiplexer in SiGe technology

A fully integrated OC-768 clock and data recovery IC with SFI-5 1:16 demultiplexer is designed in a 120 GHz/100 GHz (f/sub T//f/sub max/) SiGe technology. The 16 2.5 Gb/s outputs and additional deskew channel are compliant with the SFI-5 specification. The measured BER is <10/sup -15/. Power dissipation is 7.5 W using 1.8 V and -5.2 V supplies.
Factor Analysis and Majority Voting Based Speech Emotion Recogntion

There are some problems to be resolved for speech emotion recognition, such as the dimension of feature sets is usually too high and the redundancy among various features is relatively stronger. Considering these problems, the factor analysis and majority voting based speech emotion recognition was proposed. How to extract emotional factors from global statistical features and GMM super vectors was researched. Several classifiers were adopted to perform the majority voting based decision fusion. Experimental results demonstrated that factor scores are stronger correlated with emotional states and the majority voting based method effectively enhanced the cohesion of training data.
Novel Receiver Design for the Cooperative Relaying System With Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access

In this letter, a novel detection scheme for the cooperative relaying system using non-orthogonal multiple access (CRS-NOMA) is proposed. For CRS-NOMA, the source simultaneously transmits two symbols by employing the superposition code, and the relay decodes and forwards the symbol with lower allocated power by employing the successive interference cancellation (SIC). In the proposed scheme, the destination jointly decodes two symbols from both the directed signal and the forwarded signal by employing the maximum-ratio combination and another SIC. The ergodic sum rate and the outage performance of the system are investigated. A suboptimal allocation strategy is also designed. Both analysis and simulations reveal the advantages of the proposed scheme.
Optical Diffuse Imaging of an Ex Vivo Model Cancerous Human Breast Using Independent Component Analysis

Optical imaging using independent component analysis (OPTICA) has been used for detection, 3D localization, and cross-section imaging of a tumor inside a model human breast composed of ex vivo human breast tissues. OPTICA uses a multisource target illumination and multidetector signal acquisition scheme to obtain multiple spatial and angular views of the sample for target localization. Independent component analysis of the perturbations in the spatial light intensity distribution measured on the sample boundary sorts out the signal originating from individual targets. A back-projection technique estimates the cross-section of each target. The approach correctly provided the positions of a tumor located at the mid-plane and two glandular structures located at different positions within the 33-mm thick model breast. The reconstructed cross-section images are in good agreement with known dimensions of the structures, and pathological findings.
A Two-Stage Real-Time Activity Monitoring System

Most existing human activity classification systems require a large training dataset to construct statistical models for each activity of interest. This may be impractical in many cases. In this paper, we propose a two stage classifier in order to alleviate the requirement of a large training data. In the first stage, we identify simple events such as sit, stand and walk using three triaxial accelerometers. The second stage recognizes a more complex activity using a Markov model that temporally links the events classified in the first stage. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of our proposed system.