nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Feature extraction by structured stepwise nonparametric maximum margin criterion

In this paper, a new feature extraction method named structured stepwise nonparametric maximum margin criterion (SSNMMC) is proposed. Previous nonparametric discriminant analysis methods only use the point-to-point distance to measure class difference. In the proposed method, point-to-line distance with nearest neighbor line (NNL) theory is adopted and more intrinsic structure information of training samples is preserved in the feature space. Furthermore, the proposed method does not assume that the class densities belong to any particular parametric family and does not depend on the nonsigularity of the within-class scatter matrix, which are shortcomings of conventional linear discrimiant analysis based algorithms. Besides, limitation of feature number is overcome with the proposed method. Experiments on the ORL face database demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.
Load Share Control Technique and Controller IC Design

To solve uneven distribution of load currents and thermal stresses among the paralleled power modules, load share control technique was introduced in this paper. And a system solution based on the automatic master-slave control strategy was proposed. And then a controller IC was designed to realize the strategy. Measurement results showed that a good load share was achieved using the IC. At full load, the load share error could be controlled within 1% during 450mS
The Study on an Intelligent General-Purpose Automated Software Testing Suite

To make the labor intensive manual software testing automated, we present the design and implementation of an intelligent general-purpose automated software testing suite. With the two main tools in the suite: an automated software testing scheduler, Harness, and a log file error analyzer, Logscanner, the summary report can be sent to the testing engineer immediately after the test is over via email, even when the testing engineer is away from the testing site. The functionality and features of the general purpose automated software testing suite help to increase the testing efficiency, reduce the labor intensity of software testing, which in turn, leads to the decrease in testing cost.
A MVS based automatic 3D model reconstruction system from turntable image sequence

Traditionally, multi-view stereo (MVS) based 3D reconstruction needs a lot of manual interactions, such as camera calibration, silhouette extraction, texture synthesis, etc. To overcome this disadvantage, we present an automatic 3D reconstruction method based on image sequence. First, we design a new checkerboard with included angle 120°. The camera parameters and the rotational axis can be calibrated simultaneously. Then, an automatic silhouette extraction method is presented based on super pixel and cellular automata, from which the color image sequence can be segmented into binary images. Next, we use MVS based 3D reconstruction method to obtain 3D mesh model with camera parameters, color images and silhouettes. Finally, by using the 3D model, projection matrix and color images, we can synthesize the texture map. A prototype is developed based on Canon SDK and a controller. This system can help user to acquire 3D models without professional knowledge. Experimental results with variety of objects demonstrate the effectiveness of our system.
Control of boiler-turbine coordinated system using multiple-model predictive approach

We study the control of a boiler-turbine coordinated system using multiple-model predictive strategy which integrates constrained model predictive algorithm with stability assurance into multiple-model approach based on piecewise linearization. The control algorithm is a receding horizon scheme with a quasi-infinite horizon objective function and uses multiple linear models in its predictions. Simulation shows that the boiler-turbine coordinated system can be successfully controlled by this methodology.
Development of 3D silicon module with TSV for system in packaging

Portable electronic products demand multifunctional module comprising digital, RF and memory functions. Through-silicon via technology provides a means of implementing complex, multi-functional integration with a higher packing density for a System in Package. A 3D silicon module with through silicon via has been developed in this work. Thermo-mechanical analysis has been performed and through silicon via interconnect design is optimized. Multiple chips representing different functional circuits are assembled using wirebond and flip chip interconnection methods. Silicon carrier is fabricated using via-first approach, the burrier copper via is exposed by special backgrinding process. A two-stack silicon module is developed and characterized in this work. Power distribution design for the silicon carrier suitable for 5 GHz digital application is studied and characterized. The module reliability has been evaluated under temperature cycling (- 40/125degC) and drop test. Samples with over-mold and underfill passed the JEDEC drop test of 1500 G & 0.5 ms pulse duration. Thermal cycle test results showed no solder joint failure.
Video2Shop: Exact Matching Clothes in Videos to Online Shopping Images

In recent years, both online retail and video hosting service have been exponentially grown. In this paper, a novel deep neural network, called AsymNet, is proposed to explore a new cross-domain task, Video2Shop, targeting for matching clothes appeared in videos to the exactly same items in online shops. For the image side, well-established methods are used to detect and extract features for clothing patches with arbitrary sizes. For the video side, deep visual features are extracted from detected object regions in each frame, and further fed into a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) framework for sequence modeling, which captures the temporal dynamics in videos. To conduct exact matching between videos and online shopping images, LSTM hidden states for videos and image features extracted from static images are jointly modeled, under the similarity network with reconfigurable deep tree structure. Moreover, an approximate training method is proposed to achieve the efficiency when training. Extensive experiments conducted on a large cross-domain dataset have demonstrated the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed AsymNet, which outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
Reduced-rank array processing for wireless communications with applications to IS-54/IS-136

We study the application of the eigencanceler, a reduced-rank method based on the eigendecomposition of the estimated covariance matrix, to the wireless communication problem. Simple closed-form bounds are obtained for the bit-error rate of binary phase-shift keying modulation in the presence of cochannel interference in systems using sample matrix inversion (SMI) and the eigencanceler. The application of SMI and the eigencanceler to a flat fading time-division multiple-access system is studied in the context of the IS-54/IS-136 standard. It is shown that adaptive antennas in conjunction with reduced-rank processing can be used to increase capacity of such systems by reducing the frequency reuse factor from 7 to 1.
Cavitation Bubble Dynamics in Liquids of Different Viscosity

A single bubble in liquids is produced by using a high-intensity laser pulse and the dynamic characteristics of the oscillating bubble in glycerin-water mixtures with different viscosity are investigated by a sensitive fiber-optic sensors based on optical beam deflection(OBD). By analyzing the characteristic signals, the bubble radii and the oscillation times are determined. The experimental results show that Cavitation behavior is obviously affected by liquid viscosity. Increasing viscosity decreases the maximum bubble radii but increases the minimum bubble radii and the oscillation time. These results help to better understand the cavitation erosion and optimize laser parameters in the fields of laser ophthalmology and underwater laser processing.
Foreground detection based on optical flow and background subtract

The foreground detection is a key processing in crowd motion analysis containing abnormal behavior detections and crowd density estimations. This paper proposes a new foreground detection approach called optical flow and background model (OFBM) based on Lucas-Kanade optical flow and Gaussian background model methods. This approach overcomes the shortages of optical flow and background subtract. Experimental results prove that the foreground obtained by OFBM is better than the others and gets the lowest error rate. Also, OFBM is very useful in crowd motion analysis.
A Differential Duopoly Game with Sticky Prices, Advertising and Differentiated Goods Based on Goodwill: A Memoryless Closed-Loop Nash Equilibrium

This paper develops a differential duopolistic game where goods are differentiated and prices are sticky, and the competitive and informative contents of advertising are explicitly considered, allowing advertising to have market size and business-stealing effects. Compared to previous literature, the novelty of this paper rests on the fact that this paper proposes the new assumption of the price adjustment speed is decided by the goodwill levels that are composed of consumer preference structure, the levels of the product differentiation and advertising efforts, and we investigate how good differentiation, advertising and price stickiness interact in shaping the memoryless closed-loop Nash equilibrium allocation, and obtain the following three conclusions. First, the memoryless closed-loop Nash equilibrium output is increasing in product differentiation, price stickiness, and promotional efficiency. Second, the memoryless closed-loop Nash equilibrium advertising efforts are also increasing in both product differentiation and the speed of price adjustment, while the memoryless closed-loop Nash equilibrium advertising efforts is decreasing in promotional efficiency. Third, the steady state level of output is larger in the memoryless closed-loop Nash equilibrium as compared to the Cournot static equilibrium, while the steady state level of prices and advertising efforts is smaller in the memoryless closed-loop Nash equilibrium as compared to the Cournot static equilibrium.
Investigation of Collapse Features of a Bubble near Target Surface of Different Sizes for Underwater Laser Propulsion

In order to investigate the underwater laser propulsion, the collapse features of a laser-induced bubble near target surface of three different sizes are studied by the experiment based on the optical beam deflection method and the numerical simulation based on VOF method. The propelling force F and the impulse IB generated by the collapse bubble are calculated. The results show that the smaller the target surface is, the smaller the maximum bubble radius is. In addition, the smaller the target surface is, the more fiercely the bubble collapses, and the larger the pressure generated by the collapse bubble is. However, the smaller the target surface is, the smaller the peak value of F is. This occurs because F is the integral of the pressure over the area, where the impact of area is greater than the pressure. Furthermore, F decreases to negative after the maximum as a result of the shock wave generated by the collapse bubble propagating along the target surface.
Transient Coupling Model of Plasma and Laser Field in Water

A nonlinear transient time domain model is presented to reveal some detailed interplay processes between laser and its self-generated plasma in water. The laser-induced breakdown threshold and the plasma absorption coefficient calculated by this model are consistent with the experimental results quantitatively. Moreover, the distribution of free electron density, optical field, and energy losses of laser in the focusing area during whole laser pulse is predicted by the proposed model. Numerical calculation outlines that for the interaction between femtosecond laser and water, there exists a splitted Gaussian pulse along with the conical plasma. On the other hand, the plasma generated by picosecond or longer laser pulse can move in the opposite direction to laser beam propagation, and the velocity of this inverse movement linearly depends on the electric field intensity. Furthermore, the avalanche ionization is also significant for femtosecond laser interaction with water. In addition, the expansion properties of the plasma and the coupled optical field are discussed. The model proposed in this paper could be helpful to laser ophthalmological operation and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.
Design of sliding mode control for uncertain neutral delay systems

The sliding mode control problem of a class of uncertain neutral delay systems is considered. By selecting a sliding surface depending on the current state and delayed state, the paper gives delay-independent sufficient condition and delay-dependent sufficient condition in terms of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs) such that the closed-loop system is guaranteed to be asymptotically stable. According to reaching condition, the sliding mode control method is proposed. The control method guarantees that the trajectory of system arrives at the sliding surface in finite time interval and is kept here thereafter. Lastly a simulation is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Start-up module for low voltage energy harvesting systems

This paper presents a 300 mV start-up technology for step-up DC-DC converters in energy harvesting systems. A cross-coupled multi-level charge pump improves start-up driving capability. And a voltage detector with reduced area and power cost is designed for the start-up voltage detection using less than 1 nA current. The proposed start-up system is designed under standard 0.18 um CMOS process.
Integration of 3D registration methods based on multiple natural features

Current markerless 3D registration methods usually utilize a single specified category of natural features. However, the richness of various natural features is ignored. They cannot meet users' diversified registration requirements. This article proposes an integration strategy of 3D registration methods based on multiple natural features. Utilizing feature detection and tracking and 3D registration algorithms, taking feature points, rectangle features, natural markers and hand features as four typical natural features, we design a description method of multiple natural features state space. With user interaction, the 3D registration is completed through detecting and tracking corresponding natural features. Experiments demonstrate the applicability and accuracy of the proposed integration strategy of 3D registration methods.
The Harmonious Development between China's Foreign Trade and Environmental Protection

This paper aims to show the necessity of environmental protection in trade, and importance of China's foreign trade in recent years. It discusses the problems that exist between environmental protection and foreign trade. Furthermore, this paper solves the problems in the way of circular economy. As we know, there are some consistencies between them, but there are more discrepancies, such problems as the internalization of environmental costs, green barriers to export trade and so on. Therefore, in allusion to these problems, our country should find a suitable solution to the harmonious development between them. Exactly, circular economy is an effective way to achieve the sustainable development.
Edge Detection Based on Multi-Resolution Analysis in Cryo-Electron Micrograph Images

Selecting hundreds of thousands of particles from low contrast and low SNR Cryo-electron micrograph (Cryo-EM) images is one of the major bottle-necks in advancing toward achieving atomic resolution reconstruction of biological macromolecules. To recognize true particles from impurities and other invalid particles, shape information plays a significant role. This paper provide a new method based on multi-resolution analysis to detect the main edges of objects in Cryo-EM image, which can be the pre-processing operations of next step of particle identification.
Key Frame Extraction Based on Sub-Shot Segmentation and Entropy Computing

A key frame extraction algorithm based on sub-shot segmentation and entropy computing is proposed. Firstly the reconstructed matrix of each frame in shots is computed through sub-space projection. Secondly sub-shot segmentation is processed according to the difference of singular value between frame and its reconstructed matrix, as well as difference of histogram feature between frame and mean value of its previous N frames. Finally two adjacent frames with the largest cross-entropy in sub-shot are obtained, in which the frame with the larger image entropy is selected as a key frame. The experimental results demonstrate that key frames extracted by the algorithm can describe shot contents efficiently.
Factors of Knowledge Transfer in Global Production Network: In View of a Developing Country

At present, global production network (GPN) has become one of the new figures of the globalization tide. It opens an opportunity window for developing countries to learn from GPN. The paper proposes a 2-stage model describing the factors of knowledge transfer from global production flagships (GPF) to its participants in developing countries. In the first stage, there are two factors affecting the extent of knowledge from GPF to its participants: transfer activities and relationship between the two parties. In the second stage, knowledge from GPF, relative absorptive capacity and absorptive capacity of the local firm are considered as the three main factors affecting the efficiency of knowledge transfer. To test the model, we survey 105 manufacturing firms in China via questionnaires. Further, how the form to participate in GPN influences knowledge transfer is also examined.
A packaged electrostatic energy harvester with micro-molded bulk electrets

This paper reports a packaged energy harvester using the novel method of micro-molding bulk electrets of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Compared with thin film electrets prepared by spin-coating method, bulk PTFE electrets are of higher trapped charge density by 1.2~2 times, and improved charge storage stability by 1.3 times in charge retain rate over 10 days. Further, the micromolding method guarantees high throughput and cost-effectiveness. The proposed harvester is non-resonant and is of gap-closing structure, which is suitable for low frequency vibration. Maximally, the packaged device generates 2.5μW @10Hz, 1.6g vibration, which is 9 times improvement in power compared with our previous thin film PTFE work. Such results display the potential of using micro-molded bulk PTFE electrets for integrated electrostatic energy harvester in low frequency applications.
A Dynamic Task Equilibrium Allocation Algorithm Based on Combinatorial Auctions

In this paper, we mainly study the dynamic task allocation of Multi-robot and robots' utilization in exploration. Regarding new tasks may appear in the search process, a new method of online reallocation with combinatorial auction is proposed. Auction agent judges the bids of the new and old tasks that robots submitted in real time, determines who wins the bids and informs them to perform their own tasks. At the same time, task allocation may exist the problem of distribution imbalance, that is, utilization rate of robots is low. In view of this, a dynamic equilibrium allocation algorithm is proposed, balanced judgment formula and balanced evaluation coefficient BL are introduced to as far as possible to achieve fair distribution. Finally, simulation experiment shows that the proposed algorithm has a great improvement in Multi-robot utilization, execution time and the cost.
Developing a model-based software system for prognostics of electronic products and assemblies

The physics of failure (PoF) methodology is a primary approach for prognostics, especially for those of electronic products and assemblies. This paper summarizes the requirements for developing a generic field deployable prognostic software system using the model-based approach. It then proposes an implementation solution to design such a system while meeting those requirements. It in the end shows a preliminary design of the system and presents some results that a prototype of the system delivers. This paper provides a technical framework for developing a model-based prognostic system for electronic products and assemblies.
Runge-Kutta algorithm of reliability model based on Markov chain for TT&C system

Space tracking, telemetry, and command (TT&C) system can be viewed as a phased-mission system (PMS). Markov model for TT&C system reliability analysis was proposed based on Fault Tree model of all mission stages. To overcome the difficulty of the computational complexity and ensure computational accuracy in large TT&C system, a Runge-Kutta algorithm was presented. Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has high accuracy for system of various scales.
Low-Voltage Ride-Through Operation of Power Converters in Grid-Interactive Microgrids by Using Negative-Sequence Droop Control

Due to the increasing penetration level of microgrids (MGs), it becomes a critical issue for MGs to help sustaining power system stability. Therefore, ancillary services, such as the low-voltage ride-through (LVRT) capability should be incorporated in MGs in order to guarantee stable operation of the utility grid during grid faults. In this paper, a LVRT control strategy based on positive/negative sequence droop control is proposed for grid-interactive MGs to ride-through voltage sags with not only inductive/resistive, but also complex line impedance. By using the proposed control strategy, MGs can support the grid voltage, make profits, and also ride-through the voltage dip during the whole fault period. A two-layer hierarchical control strategy is proposed in this paper. The primary controller consists of voltage and current inner loops, a conventional droop control and a virtual impedance loop, while the secondary controller is based on a positive/negative sequence droop scheme which is able to coordinate the power injection during voltage sags. Experimental results are obtained to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
A New System Interconnection Architecture Based on RapidIO Using Partial Reconfiguration

Now in the field of embedded system, high-speed interconnection based on parallel or serial LVDS technology is becoming increasingly important. Because of this the first RapidIO offerings available in the market were FPGA based, RapidIO interconnection had been identified as significant emerging technologies for FPGAs to support. At the same time, as the FPGAs increase in size, they are being large enough to accommodate both the static RapidIO interface and the reconfigurable logic. So, a consistent I/O interface is provided to support Reconfigurable Partition. This paper presents a new system interconnection architecture based on RapidIO to achieve the FPGA run-time Reconfigurable Partition.
Decision-Making Model on Concession Term for BOT Project Based on Profitable Operational Period

It is necessary for the government to determine a profitable operational period according to the building cost for BOT project and transfer one part of profitable operational period as the concession term to the project company. On the basis of game theory, this paper proposes a model to describe the competition between the government and the project company. The optimal strategies for them are discussed respectively by solving the game model. The obtained results can provide them with a decision-making support for BOT project.