nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Characteristic Tests of GdBCO Superconducting Transformer With Different Iron Core Structures

This paper focuses on the comparison of the characteristics among three different types of high temperature superconducting (HTS) transformers. The iron core structures of the three types of HTS transformers are air core, partial core, and full core. The iron cores are made of oriented silicon steel sheets. The primary windings are four layers connected in series, and the secondary windings are nine double pancake coils connected in parallel. Fundamental tests, such as critical test, no-load test and load test, are performed in the environment of liquid nitrogen. The current nonuniformity of HTS partial core and full core transformers in secondary windings are also confirmed by the load test. Finally, we also investigate the characteristic of fault current limiting by sudden short-circuit tests. The experiment results show that the structure of the iron core have significant effects on the characteristics of HTS transformers. The results of this paper could support with useful data for the design and selection of HTS transformers.
Earnings Quality and the Agency Costs of Managerial Discretion: The Corporate Governance Effect of Accounting Information

Based on the data of listed companies between 2002 and 2004, this paper analyses how the earnings quality, measured by accrual quality, affects the list companies’ agency costs of managerial discretion. It reveals: earnings quality affects the list companies’ agency costs of managerial discretion significantly, the agency costs decreases with the improvement of earnings quality. The results are robust while controlling the effect of endogeneity, omitted variable and cluster effect.
Electromechanical Performance Study on Silver Diffusion Joints of REBCO Coated Conductors Under Axial Tensile Stress

Silver diffusion method is a promising candidate for joining the second generation high temperature superconducting tapes that can achieve a joint resistance of nΩ level while retaining full critical current. In this study, silver diffusion joints with joint resistance as low as <; 2 nΩ was demonstrated. The performance of silver diffusion joints under axial tension load, which is considered as a key parameter for their practical applications, was also systematically studied. It was investigated that the nominal critical axial tensile stress of the unlaminated silver diffusion joint fabricated by the coated conductor tapes from Shanghai Superconductor Co., Ltd. was in the range of 430-480 MPa, which is significantly lower than that of the single tape (approximately 590 MPa) and could hardly be improved by increasing the overlap length from 1 to 10 cm or by modifying the configuration from the lap-type to the enhanced bridge-type. According to the experimental results, the failure mechanism of silver diffusion joints under tensile stress was discussed. Based on which, a post-lamination process was proposed to alleviate the local stress concentration. The laminated silver diffusion and single straight tape exhibited consistent behavior under axial tension load and, therefore, the same critical axial tensile stress.
Diagnosis of Transformer Dissolved Gas Analysis Based on Multi-class SVM

Support Vector Machine (SVM) is based on statistical learning theory which developed from the common machine learning. It is an effective tool to deal with limited samples. This paper proposes a model of the dissolved gas analysis (DGA) of transformer based on Multi-class SVM. Firstly, with the combination of SVM multi-class classification methods one-versus-rest (1-v-r) and one-versus-one (1-v-1), the normal state and fault state of transformers are diagnosed. Then the fault data is diagnosed in detail with 1-v-1 method. The grid search method based on cross-validation, which is effective in solving the problem of designing SVM parameters, is used to determine model parameters. The results of case study show that the model ensures a very high accuracy rate of classification and has upstanding generalization ability.
Adjacent Cell Interaction and MRAM Error Rate Prediction

Effects of weak magnetostatic interaction among adjacent cells on the array quality factor (AQF) of a conventional single particle MRAM array are analyzed by the mean-field theory. Inaccuracy of the theory at modest interaction is discussed, and attributed to the emergence of stripe pattern. A numerical method is also described, for quantifying the effect of magnetostatic interaction on a write margin test. This methods allows write margins on common test patterns and on the actual data file (which is substantially random) to be compared
Joint Source Adaptation and Resource Allocation for Multi-User Wireless Video Streaming

Multi-user video streaming over wireless channels is a challenging problem, where the demand for better video quality and small transmission delays needs to be reconciled with the limited and often time-varying communication resources. This paper presents a framework for joint network optimization, source adaptation, and deadline-driven scheduling for multi-user video streaming over wireless networks. We develop a joint adaptation, resource allocation and scheduling (JARS) algorithm, which allocates the communication resource based on the video users' quality of service, adapts video sources based on smart summarization, and schedules the transmissions to meet the frame delivery deadlines. The proposed algorithm leads to near full utilization of the network resources and satisfies the delivery deadlines for all video frames. Substantial performance improvements are achieved compared with heuristic schemes that do not take the interactions between multiple users into consideration.
Fair bandwidth allocation for assured forwarding (AF) services

Fair bandwidth allocation is one of the most challenging. research issues in the context of assured forwarding (AF) in the Differentiated Services (DiffServ) networks. There exist many works that tried to assure the fairness of bandwidth allocation. However, these works only focused on studying the simple case, in which multiple AF flows share a single bottleneck link, and they also lacked a solid theoretical analysis to validate themselves. In this paper, we propose a network-assist packet marking (NPM) scheme to offer fair bandwidth allocation among multiple aggregates. By both theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation, we demonstrate that NPM can fairly distribute bandwidth among these aggregates in both single and multiple bottleneck link networks.
Design and Testing for Fast 50 Meters Model Main Reflector Communication Network

FAST 50 meters model is the scale model of FAST, the reflector surface deformation is taken actively, called the main reflector. In the processing of the FAST reflector spherical surface become paraboloid, contrast to existing communication networks, we propose to achieve control data by ethernet communication transmission. Before the experiment at Miyun, we design and test the communication networks with ethernet. 131 control nodes of Miyun model reflector are partitioned. The corresponding topological structure is designed and the packets loss in deferent time periods is tested. The results show that the communication network is consistent with the communication ability for FAST main reflector surface control network.
A Detection Method Research for Data Hiding Based on Markov Chain

For theoretical disadvantages of detecting images signal based on independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) models used for hiding data, a novel detection method is provided based on Markov chain in the paper. The Markov chain model provides an analytically tractable framework whose predictions are consistent with the performance of practical hiding data algorithms that account for spatial dependencies. Numerical results are provided for image information hiding techniques of using SS, QIM, and LSB, respectively.
Terahertz spectroscopic diagnosis and sub-wavelength imaging of Myelin Deficit monkey brain with chemometric techniques

Myelin Deficit of the central nervous system leads to several severe diseases in human, but lack definitive diagnostic test. In this work, we proposed and performed terahertz spectroscopy and sub-wavelength imaging combined with chemometric techniques to discriminate and evaluate the severity of myelin deficit in and rhesus monkey brains. We demonstrated THz imaging with sub-100 μm spatial resolution of brain tissues. And our spectroscopy results well match with pathological analysis, indicating that THz is a quick, powerful, evolving tool for identification and evaluation in preclinical animals and potentially in para-clinical biopsy of humans.
An Efficient Video Indexing and Retrieval Algorithm Using the Luminance Field Trajectory Modeling

With the phenomenal growth of the online and personal video repositories, an efficient and robust example-based video search solution is required to support applications like query by clip, query by capture, and repeated clip detection. In this letter, video sequences are represented as temporal trajectories via scaling and lower dimensional representation of the video frame luminance field, and a video trajectory indexing and matching scheme is developed to support video clip search. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves excellent performance in both response speed and precision-recall accuracy.
Effective Indices for Efficient Approximate String Search and Similarity Join

Data collections often have inconsistencies that arise due to a variety of reasons, and it is desirable to be able to identify and resolve them efficiently. Similarity queries are commonly used in data cleaning for matching similar data. In this work we concentrate on the following problem of approximate string matching based on edit distance: from a collection of strings, how to find those strings similar to a given string, or the strings in another collection of strings with similarity greater than some threshold? We propose an NFA-based (nondeterministic finite-state automation) method for effective approximate string search. We model strings as a trie and construct an NFA on top of the trie. We identify the similar strings by running the NFA based on the tree automata theory. Moreover, we propose grouped trie to further improve the performance of similarity search by incorporating some effective pruning techniques. We have implemented our method and the experimental results show that our approach achieves high performance and out performs the existing state-of-the-art methods by orders of magnitude.
Adaptive Context Based Coding for Lossless Color Image Compression

An adaptive low complexity lossless segment (context) based color image compression method is proposed by this paper. First, adaptive context based dividing for an image is conducted to find optimal fixed length codes that are used for storing relative values of every pixel in each segment of the image and the length for each segment by a modified greedy algorithm. Then a modified Huffman coding is applied for the result of the first compression. The complexity of the first compression for the developed method is O(n). The developed method was tested by a typical set of natural images. For some type of images, the compression ratios are very high
A multi-channel watermarking scheme based on HVS and DCT-DWT

With the rapid growth of the Internet and multimedia processing techniques, digital data becomes much easier to obtain which brings the problem of copyright protection. Among various ways, digital watermarking has been proven to be an effective solution to the problem of copyright infringement. This paper proposes a new blind watermarking algorithm for digital images based on DCT and DWT. First, the original image is transformed from the RGB color spaces into the YCbCr color spaces in which the watermark is embedded into all the three color spaces. Second, the position in which watermark was embedded was chosen by Human Visual System (HVS), and the watermarking embedding is achieved by the proposed algorithm based on DCT and DWT. Experimental result indicates that the algorithm is visually imperceptible and robust to general image processing.
Beacon-based proximity detection using compressive sensing for sparse deployment

A proximity-based service (PBS) leverages the estimated proximity to provide users the accessibility to object or location restricted service. This paper exploits the interaction between Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Beacon and smartphone to set forth the fundamental building block of a beacon-based PBS system. In real-world scenarios, a beacon-based PBS system might suffer from sparse conditions when some beacons malfunction or beacons can only be deployed in a few specific positions. Motivated by such limitations, a similarity filter extended with compressive sampling matching pursuit (SF-CoSaMP) is proposed to ensure the reliability of proximity detection under such sparse conditions before smartphone proceed to retrieve the corresponding PBS. An extensive simulation with large volume of collected data has been conducted and the results prove the reliability of the proposed algorithm with high detection accuracy in an environment with sparse deployment.
Big time-frequency domain data mining for underdetermined BSS using density component analysis

Today's blind signal separation (BSS) processes are often controlled and supported by information systems. These systems record discrete time-frequency domain information about mixed signal during their executions. So, blind source separation problem (BSS) is transformed into data classification problem. In this paper, a novel Density Clustering algorithm (DC-algorithm) is proposed for frequency hopping signal under-determined blind source separation. Different from traditional methods, we formulate the separation problem as clustering problem, which is motivated by the fact that the mixed signal is sparse and the energy difference is as large as possible to satisfy cluster centers that are surrounded by neighbors with local lower density. In our method, we accomplish the underdetermined blind source separation by firstly computing the Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) of each observation, secondly, formulating the separation problem as clustering problem. In this process, a new pair of cost functions are designed to improve the clustering. We verify the proposed method on several simulations. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Single shot measurement of THz pulses based on pulse front tilting by reflective grating

A femtosecond pulse with tilted intensity front generated by a reflective grating were used as the probe beam for the single shot measurement of THz pulses with high frequency resolution and low distortion. The time window is up to 20 ps and spectrum range covers 0.1-2.5 THz. The result agrees well with the traditional electrical-optic sampling method.
Dynamic gesture recognition algorithm in human computer interaction

Human computer interaction (HCI) is a classic topic, and hand gesture is one of the most natural languages, so the key point in human computer interaction is hand gesture recognition. A skin color model based on Hue is utilized to detect skin color regions like hands. To distinguish the face and hand, a simple and fast hand segmentation algorithm is developed. Moreover, we use the least square method to fit the trajectory of hand gravity motion and the angle and direction of the movement is got by the inverse trigonometric function of the slope of the fitted line. Ten people doing 80 hand gestures in low and high illumination environment are tested. Experimental results show that the accuracy is 94.375% in average and the processing time is 34ms per frame. These demonstrated the good real-time and robustness of the proposed approach.
Comparative study of two approaches in improving cross range resolution for an imaging antenna

The high resolution bearing of an antenna is of great importance in many practical applications, especially in microwave imaging. The angular resolution is related to the size of the antenna, but the increase of antenna size is often limited. For a real aperture antenna, the deconvolution technique was used to equivalently enlarge the size of the aperture resulting in the improvement of angular resolution. Unfortunately, in this technique, the requirement of the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is quite critical. In a previous report, a new technique of super-resolution bearing for a real aperture antenna was proposed by Fang, Sheng, Li and Zhang ( 1996). In this technique, the aperture distribution is obtained by processing the receiving signal of antenna during azimuth scanning and then super-resolution azimuth distribution is achieved by using nonlinear spectrum estimation. We call this technique the aperture distribution reconstruction and nonlinear processing method (ADRNPM). Numerical simulation shows the requirement of the SNR for our technique is much looser and the technique can be readily transferred to the conventional radar to improve the angular resolution. Some experimental results are presented which shows the realizability and validity of this new technique. Moreover, the resolution and antinoise performance are compared numerically and some useful conclusions are obtained.
Proxy-Based Sliding-Mode Tracking Control of Piezoelectric-Actuated Nanopositioning Stages

In this paper, a proxy-based sliding-mode control (PBSMC) approach is proposed for robust tracking control of a piezoelectric-actuated nanopositioning stage composed of piezoelectric stack actuators and compliant flexure mechanisms. The essential feature of the PBSMC approach is the introduction of a virtual coupling proxy, which is controlled by the sliding-mode controller (SMC) to track the desired position. Simultaneously, due to the virtual coupling, a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller on the other side of the proxy ensures the position of the end-effector of the stage to follow the position of the proxy. Therefore, the PBSMC guarantees the end-effector to track the desired trajectory. The advantages of the developed PBSMC lie in the facts that 1) the discontinuous signum function in the traditional SMC is omitted without any approximation. Hence, the output of the PBSMC is continuous, which does not suffer from the chattering phenomenon; and 2) the PBSMC laws are developed without having the necessity to include the nominal system model, hysteresis model or the state observer. Hence, the PBSMC provides a novel effective yet simple control method, which permits to avoid the lack of performances from PID and the chattering from SMC, and permits to combine the advantages from them. The stability of the closed-loop control system is proved through Lyapunov analysis. Finally, comparative studies are performed on a custom-built piezo-actuated stage. Experimental results show that the tracking errors of the PBCM are reduced by 74.22%, as compared to the traditional PID controller, with the desired sinusoidal trajectory under the 50-Hz input frequency, which clearly demonstrates the superior tracking performance of the PBSMC.
Design of LTCC multi-layer band-pass filter

In this paper, an improved LTCC multi-layer band-pass filter which based on network synthesis of lumped parameter element, is introduced. In order to set up the finally model of multi-layer filter, ADS is used to get the initial value of components and HFSS is serviced to model and optimize the filter. The simulate results from ADS and HFSS also reach the expected goals: the pass-band loss below 0.8dB in 2400MHz-2500MHz; the return loss is greater than 20dB; the size of filter is 5.8mm×4mm×0.8mm.
Dual functions of anti-reflectance and surface passivation of the atomic layer deposited Al2O3 films on crystalline silicon substrates

Surface anti-reflectance and passivation properties of the Al2O3 films deposited on crystalline Si substrates by atomic layer deposition are investigated. Textured Si with 100 nm Al2O3 shows a very low average reflectance of ~2.8 %. Both p-type and n-type Si wafers are well passivated by Al2O3 films. The maximal minority carrier lifetimes are improved from ~10 {\mu}s before Al2O3 passivation to above 3 ms for both p-type and n-type Si after Al2O3 passivation layer deposition and annealing at an appropriate temperature. Our results indicate the dual functions of anti-reflectance and surface passivation in c-Si solar cell applications.
Novel 3DP Drug Delivery Devices with Complex Structures for Linear Drug Release Profiles

A novel drug delivery device (DDD) with complex structures for providing linear drug release profiles was designed and fabricated directly from the CAD models using three-dimensional printing technique (3DP) systems. The DDDs were in donut shape and had local concentration variations of the release-retarding polymer in their three regions. Environmental scanning electron microscopy clearly showed that the two dense regions, which had low porosity but high binding intensity, were symmetric around the middle loose region, which had high porosity but poor binding effect. All the DDDs exhibited standard-met mechanical performance. In vitro dissolution tests showed that up to 95% of the drug in the DDDs were released out in a linear manner before leveling off to completion when both ethyl cellulose (EC) and Eudragdit RS-100 solutions were taken as binder liquids. 3DP has advantages in fabrication of DDDs with complex design feature and can offer new strategies for the development of novel dosage forms with the desired release profiles.
Video action recognition with spatio-temporal graph embedding and spline modeling

In recent years, video analysis and event recognition are becoming a popular research topic with wide applications in surveillance and security. In this paper, we proposed a video action appearance modeling based on spatio-temporal graph embedding and video action recognition based on video luminance field trajectory spline modeling and aligned matching. Graphs are computed from spline re-sampling of training video data set. Matching is achieved from minimizing the average projection distance between query clips and training groups. Simulation with the Cambridge hand gesture data set demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed solution.
Sliding mode genetic control algorithm for variable pump driving variable motor

Variable pump driving variable motor (VPDVM) is an essentially nonlinear system with dual-input single-output and coupling. Regular control algorithms are difficult to achieve approving control effects on this kind of system. In this paper, the sliding mode genetic control algorithm is proposed for VPDVM. The algorithm mainly aims at solving problems of nonlinearity and unable-decoupling of VPDVM. First, the mathematical model of VPDVM is established. Secondly, as the model raised above has multiplying nonlinearity including the output variable, this nonlinear model is then linearized by feedback linearization theory. Finally, the sliding mode genetic control algorithm is presented to achieve the rapid motor response of VPDVM. Simulation results demonstrate that the algorithm proposed can implement the desired rapid control on VPDVM, and the performances are better than relative regular control methods. What's more, it's worth to notice that the algorithm can achieve good performance without knowing the gradient of VPDVM model.
4-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid as a Monophenolase Inhibitor and a Diphenolase Activator on Mushroom Tyrosinase

4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPA) can inhibit monophenolase (IC 50 =0.79 mM) and activate diphenolase of mushroom tyrosinase with its increasing concentrations. The activation kinetics, analyzed by Lineweaver-Burk plots, indicated 4-HPA to be a competitive and uncompetitive mixed-type activator of diphenolase when L -DOPA was used as substrate. 4-HPA can not only inhibit the oxy form but also activate the met form of mushroom tyrosinase.