nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Active Diagnosability of Discrete Event Systems and its Application to Battery Fault Diagnosis

A battery system may consist of many batteries; each battery can have a normal operating mode and several faulty modes. This makes the fault status of a battery system very complex. To diagnose such a complex system, passive diagnosis is often insufficient. We may need to actively control the system to complete the diagnosis task. In this brief, we investigate the active diagnosis in the framework of discrete event systems. We model the system to be diagnosed by an automaton (finite state machine) with state outputs in which some events are controllable in the sense that they can be enforced, and some events are not. We say that the system is actively diagnosable if we can find a control under which the faults can be diagnosed. We derive a necessary and sufficient condition for a system to be actively diagnosable. Algorithms are devised for checking active diagnosability and finding controls that achieve it. The theoretical results are then applied to fault diagnosis of battery systems. We illustrate the approach using a simplified battery system consisting of four batteries. We find a control that diagnoses the faults based on the measurements of two temperature sensors.
The research on a novel PZT actuated precise tilt positioning system

The need for precise fast positioning technique draws attention on space inter-satellite optical communication. This paper presents a novel PZT actuated precise tilt positioning system (PTPS), which consists of the control module, the PZT driving module, the precise tilt positioning mechanism (PTPM), and the precise displacement measure module. It provides a fast and precise control in tilt movements. Firstly, the structure analysis and design of PTPM are accomplished. Then the control module is developed and the current/ voltage composite driving method is investigated in detail. Finally, following the experimental results which confirm the validity of the design and theoretical analysis of the PFPS.
Tunable Transparency Effect in a Symmetry Metamaterial Based on Subradiant Magnetic Resonance

We proposed, designed and demonstrated a tunable transparency effect at microwave frequencies in a symmetry metamaterial consisting of an “I” shape of cut wire surrounded by a two-gap ring. The excited mechanism of the tunable transparency effect is investigated by theory and simulation. It was found that this active modulation originated from the excitation of the subradiant magnetic resonance based on phase couplings. In particular, it is numerically demonstrated that the resonance quality factor (Q factor), the local field energy enhancement, and the effective group index of the metamaterial can be actively manipulated based on phase couplings. It may inspire interest in the developments of electrically and magnetically tunable transparency metamaterials, leading to a wide range of active slow light devices.
Experimental Study on a New-Type Thermoelectric Heat Pump Phase Change Thermal Energy Storage Device

This paper integrated the technology of thermoelectric heat pump and phase-change thermal storage, developed an active phase-change thermal storage/release device, which can retrieve and utilize low-quality energy(cryogenic energy), and made experimental study on it. The experimental results show that: the device has obvious phase-change process and striking thermal storage effect. When storing heat, the highest heating coefficient of THP can come up to 2.2, when THP was used to supply heat for the part, the highest heating coefficient can come up to5.6. The device overcame the uncontrollability of the heat transfer intensity and time, which usually occurred in the process of traditional passive heat storage/release, and greatly improved the efficiency of retrieving and utilizing low-temperature exhaust heat.
Application of Real Options to the Risk Management of Supply Chain

Risk management is very important to supply chain management. Managers can reduce supply chain risk by operations management and financial management. Many researchers studied the supply chain risk by using operations management, but only a few authors analyzed financial management applied to risk management of supply chain. Few researchers use the real options as a tool to study supply chain risk. In a supply chain, the right to return the unsalable products to the suppliers is a kind of option which is valuable. In this study, we add option to the normal order and try to manage the relationship between distributors and manufacturers with more flexibility. The rights of purchasing and the rights of returning the unsalable products to the supplier are two kinds of options. We choose a one-manufacturer n-distributor supply chain with a short life-cycle product to study. A mathematical model is developed for the manufacturer and distributor to make decision. Monte Carlo simulation is used to simulate the decision. Numerical results are given. The novelty of the paper is that two kinds of options (call option of ordering products and put option of returning the unsalable products) are added to the model and Monte Carlo simulation are applied to simulate the order policy. The research will do some help to the manufacturer and the distributors for their production and distribution.
A comprehensive estimation technique for high-level synthesis

We present an integrated approach aimed at predicting layout area needed to implement a behavioral description for a given performance goal. Our approach is novel because: (1) it accounts for all types of RT level components (FUs, buses, registers), (2) it is highly flexible, allowing the designer to tradeoff one type of resource with another and considers dependencies between these different types, (3) it is vertically integrated to include provably accurate physical level estimators, and hence provides realistic accounting of layout effects, and (4) it uses a timing model with finer granularity, accounting for various delays in RTL datapaths. We demonstrate our technique on a variety of HLS benchmarks and show that efficient and effective design space exploration can be accomplished using this technique.
A manageable Web services hub framework and enabling technologies for e-sourcing

In this paper, a manageable Web services hub framework and enabling technologies for e-sourcing are proposed for buyers, suppliers, service providers and trading partners to register business, user and service information as well as to provision and subscribe to services. The proposed framework enables a business to dynamically configure its business processes to integrate with existing Web services provided by other enterprises based on service requirements. Next, a multi-level security mechanism ensuring secure communications in a hub or among hubs is presented. An advanced Web services discovery mechanism is introduced after that for looking up multiple UDDI registries and aggregating results in an efficient manner. A working system of this framework, Managed e-Hub, which provides an infrastructure for enabling next generation e-utilities in a secure and controlled environment, is also presented in this paper. Some further research ideas are given at the end of the paper.
A Ka-band GaAs MMIC quadrupler with high conversion gain and efficient rejection of undesired harmonics

A Ka-band monolithic frequency quadrupler with high conversion gain and efficient rejection of undesired harmonics based on 0.15um GaAs PHEMT process is presented in this paper. The quadrupler is constructed cascading an input power amplifier, a one-stage active quadrupling part and an amplifier of the fourth harmonic. Input power amplifier with one stage is designed for guarantee of proper input power of the quadrupler, so that the quadrupling part takes in its least conversion loss. Coupled with amplifying of the fourth harmonic by the amplifier behind the quadrupling part, the whole circuit realizes a high conversion gain. Efficient rejection of undesired harmonics can be reached by harmonic restrain structure inside the quadrupling part and a open stub between the quadrupling part and the amplifier behind it. According to the simulation results, when power of input signal at 8.5 GHz is -2 dBm, the conversion gain of the MMIC quadrupler is 18.23 dB. The rejection of fundamental is 61 dBc and rejection of unwanted harmonic is 45 dBc for second harmonic, 33 dBc for the third and 40 dBc for the fifth. The overall chip size is 2.88×2.06 mm2.
The Probability of Informed Trading Based on VAR Model

The paper researches the representative variable of the probability of informed trading, selecting CCER high-frequency trading data of Shanghai Stock Exchange from 2003.7.1 to 2003.12.31, adopting VAR model. Different from previous studies, the paper firstly accounts for the dynamic relationship between trade and price. Then, the content of information in trading volume, duration and trading direction are considered in our model. Finally, it gets the probability of informed trading and analyzes this variable. The results show: the probability of informed trading is about 0.172713; the more asymmetric information is, the larger spread is; the probability of informed trading is the well-known U-shape; it is the biggest before the announcement.
Finding the lowest-cost path for searching the grid-based environment

Searching the unknown or partially known region or acquiring the new information in the map is an important mission for vehicle in the areas of military and civilian use. Planning the lowest-cost path is one of the primary work for searching the environment. This paper develops a planning strategy which could minimize the cost and every corner in the map can be seen on the path based on cell decomposition. It firstly draws out the polygon structure from the environment based on grids. With the decomposition of polygon into triangulations, the method makes use of the watchman algorithm and builds the hourglass to construct the heuristics function for vehicle. Directed by heuristics and changing the search direction on essential cuts, the grid-based searching method finally gets our desired route through a so called mirror reflection. Throughout the simulation, such a method could make the optimal route and environment is visible on path. Compared with the path connected from random nearest neighbor points on essential line, our generated path is lower in cost.
Multimodal Estimation of Distribution Algorithms

Taking the advantage of estimation of distribution algorithms (EDAs) in preserving high diversity, this paper proposes a multimodal EDA. Integrated with clustering strategies for crowding and speciation, two versions of this algorithm are developed, which operate at the niche level. Then these two algorithms are equipped with three distinctive techniques: 1) a dynamic cluster sizing strategy; 2) an alternative utilization of Gaussian and Cauchy distributions to generate offspring; and 3) an adaptive local search. The dynamic cluster sizing affords a potential balance between exploration and exploitation and reduces the sensitivity to the cluster size in the niching methods. Taking advantages of Gaussian and Cauchy distributions, we generate the offspring at the niche level through alternatively using these two distributions. Such utilization can also potentially offer a balance between exploration and exploitation. Further, solution accuracy is enhanced through a new local search scheme probabilistically conducted around seeds of niches with probabilities determined self-adaptively according to fitness values of these seeds. Extensive experiments conducted on 20 benchmark multimodal problems confirm that both algorithms can achieve competitive performance compared with several state-of-the-art multimodal algorithms, which is supported by nonparametric tests. Especially, the proposed algorithms are very promising for complex problems with many local optima.
Research framework of top management team's decision-making cognitive process: From human capital perspective

It is tried to propose a new research framework of decision-making cognitive process research based on human capital analysis and framed the basic management and psychology theory. By integrating the research of top management team and cognitive process and combining with theory of human capital, top management team decision-making process model basing on human capital is proposed accordingly. The model suggests six human capital which are mental human capital, emotion disposing human capital, analytical human capital, leader human capital, conflict disposing human capital and decision human capital respectively to master the whole decision-making process of top management team thoroughly.
Compact Combline Bandpass Filter Using LTCC Technology

A compact combline bandpass filter structure using low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology is proposed. The lumped capacitance in traditional combline filter structure is changed to distributed capacitance realized by parallel coupled striplines in this structure. Combline filter with this structure can be constructed more easily and more compactly. A bandpass filter with this structure is designed in this paper. The simulation response exhibits an insertion loss of 1.9 dB,a return loss of 20 dB, and a relative band width of 8% with the center frequency at 9.6 GHz. The suppression at 8.4 GHz and 10.8 GHz is larger than 39 dB.
Deriving Regional Crown Closure Using Spectral Mixture Analysis Based on Up-Scaling Endmember Extraction Approach and Validation

This paper investigates the retrieval of forest crown closure (CC) from the Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data and aerial images with a linear spectral mixture analysis (SMA) method. Anshan is selected as the study area. Two endmember extraction methods were used in this paper: 1) traditional image-based method and 2) up-scaling method. (When we get the fractions of components from a coregistered 0.6-m spatial resolution image, the linear spectral mixture model is applied to unmix the TM image and obtain the required endmembers.) For both methods, four fraction images (sunlit canopy, shaded canopy, sunlit background, shaded background) were calculated by linear spectral mixture model and used to derive CC. Results showed that CC can be fitted best with sum of fractions of sunlit canopy and shaded canopy at S-shaped curve and the up-scaling endmember extraction method is better than traditional image-based endmember extraction method. Finally, the up-scaling endmember extraction method was used to map forest CC in Anshan forested region. The measured forest CC distribution map was used to validate the estimated map. Results show that the estimated CC and measured CC have little difference and the estimated CC is slightly lower. The majority of Anshan forest CC values were between 0.4 and 0.8.
Accurate prediction of quality metrics for logic level designs targeted toward lookup-table-based FPGAs

The importance of efficient area and timing estimation techniques is well-established in high-level synthesis (HLS) since it allows more efficient exploration of the design space while providing HLS tools with the capability of predicting the effects of technology-specific tools on the design space. Much of the previous work has focused on estimation techniques that use very simple cost models based solely on the gate and/or literal count. Those models are not accurate enough to allow effective design space exploration since the effects of interconnect can indeed dominate the final design cost. The situation becomes even worse when the design is targeted to field-programmable gate array (FPGA) technologies since the wire delay may contribute up to 60% of the overall design delay. In this paper, we present an approach of estimating area and timing for lookup-table-based FPGAs that takes into account not only gate area and delay, but also the wiring effects. We select the Xilinx XC4000 series as our main concentration because of their popularity. We tested our estimator with several benchmarks and the results show that we receive accurate area and timing estimates efficiently.
An extended 1-D assignment problem: net assignment in gate matrix layout

A formulation for the net assignment problem in gate matrix layout is presented. A problem called the extended one-dimensional assignment problem is defined. A heuristic algorithm for solving this extended one-dimensional assignment problem is proposed. Since the net assignment problem in gate matrix is the extended one-dimensional assignment problem exactly, this algorithm is applied to the net assignment. The time complexity of the algorithm is bounded by O(m*n/sup 2/), where n is the number of nets and m is the sum of the number of vertical diffusion runs and the number of gates.<<ETX>>
Rapid and Reliable Detection of Film Grain Noise

The knowledge of material specific film grain characteristics can significantly improve the performance of digital film processing algorithms. This paper proposes a rapid and reliable detector for film grain properties. First, homogeneous blocks concerning intensity and texture are determined by a novel measure calculated in the frequency domain. Second, based on these blocks the signal-dependent grain noise level is estimated and an image region of pure film grain is detected. Evaluation based on a wide range of structured images with high frequent electronic noise and low frequent film grain, shows that the method performs with a worst case estimation error of 2.54 dB in typical movie quality (PSNR of 25-40 dB). This meets the requirements of real applications such as digital film restoration and special effects compositing.
Detailed audiovisual profile: enabling interoperability between MPEG-7 based systems

MPEG-7 is an excellent choice for the description of audiovisual content due to its flexibility and comprehensiveness. The drawback is that these properties also increase the complexity of descriptions and cause ambiguities which hinder interoperability. In order to partly solve these problems, profiles and levels have been proposed, but the definitions of the adopted profiles lack semantic constraints which are necessary for interoperability. We propose a profile for detailed description of audiovisual content that can be used in a broad range of applications. The profile aims at describing single multimedia content entities, allowing a comprehensive structural description of the content, including also audio and visual feature descriptions. The profile defines a set of semantic constraints on the selected tools, which resolve ambiguities in modeling the description and support system interoperability. The proposed profile has been successfully used in a wide range of applications
Automated Visual Quality Analysis for Media Production

Automatic quality control for audiovisual media is an important tool in the media production process. In this paper we present tools for assessing the quality of audiovisual content in order to decide about the reusability of archive content. We first discuss automatic detectors for the common impairments noise and grain, video breakups, sharpness, image dynamics and blocking. For the efficient viewing and verification of the automatic results by an operator, three approaches for user interfaces are presented. Finally, we discuss the integration of the tools into a service oriented architecture, focusing on the recent standardization efforts by EBU and AMWA's Joint Task Force on a Framework for Interoperability of Media Services in TV Production (FIMS).
Automatic Quality Analysis for Film and Video Restoration

A considerable amount of work in larger film and video restoration projects is dedicated to manually exploring the audiovisual content in order to estimate the costs for restoration and to plan the restoration. Manual exploration is a significant cost factor. In this paper we propose automatic content analysis algorithms and summarization techniques which allow the reduction of manual inspection time in a software based restoration environment. The throughput requirement for analysis of dust and other defects is reached by sparse application of the detectors in the image sequence while retaining sufficient detection accuracy. Analysis result metadata are represented in a MPEG-7 standard compliant way. The proposed defect summary visualization tools facilitate efficient exploration of visually impaired content by the user.
Automatic freeze frame detection for video preservation

A significant amount of work in film and video preservation is dedicated to quality assessment of the content to be archived or reused out of the archive. This paper proposes automatic content analysis algorithms which reduce manual inspection time in software based preservation environments. We list the requirements for such algorithms and tools and show exemplarily on a freeze frame impairment detector how analysis algorithms need to be designed for meeting the requirements. The evaluation has shown that robustness against other impairments (noise and flickering) is an essential part of the algorithm. Successful detection of freeze frame impairments with a minimum length of three frames is achieved. The consideration of human perception is important to achieve low false detection rates. Analysis results are represented in a MPEG-7 standard compliant way. The proposed defect summary visualization tool enables efficient human exploration of visually impaired content.
A hybrid wavelet and temporal fusion algorithm for film and video denoising

Noise is an impairment which often occurs in both film and digital video and severely degrades the viewing experience of the content. In this work, we propose a two-phase algorithm for film an video denoising. In the first phase, the concept of semi-local shrinkage functions is used to effectively separate noise from image structure. In the second phase, we show how to fuse the result images of the first phase in a way which is robust to motion-compensation errors. A quantitative evaluation of the proposed algorithm on a realistic test dataset with noise of different coarseness and magnitude shows that the proposed method delivers better results than the video denoising method CVBM3D.
Automatic Content Based Video Quality Analysis for Media Production and Delivery Processes

Automatic quality control for audiovisual media is an important tool in several steps of the media production, delivery and archiving processes. Today, mainly technical properties of the material are checked, e.g. stream compliance, playtime, aspect ratio, and resolution or MXF compliance. Only some content properties can be checked automatically, e.g. blocking or luma/chroma violation. Other relevant content properties and impairments like noise level, sharpness, large dropouts, flickering or instability are checked by manually exploring the audiovisual content. In this work we focus on challenges and recent results in automatic content based visual quality analysis of video. We first give an overview on which visual impairments are relevant in which stages of the media production, archiving and delivery process. A set of requirements for impairment detection algorithms, tools and systems is presented. We show how impairment detection algorithms need to be designed in order to meet these requirements. Furthermore we show our recent algorithmic research results for two content based impairment detectors (freeze frame and video breakup detection). In order to facilitate interoperability and exchange of impairment metadata between different tools and systems, a standardized way of description is needed. We give an overview on our framework proposed for the description of visual impairments based on MPEG-7. In order to enable efficient human interaction with quality analysis results we present the “Quality  Viewer” application which allows a user to quickly grasp the frequency and strengths of visual impairments in the content.