nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
High speed wireless turbo-coded OFCDM systems

Orthogonal frequency and code division multiplexing (OFCDM) systems have been introduced for high speed data transmission in future wireless mobile communications. In this paper, a hybrid multicode interference cancellation (MCI) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) detection scheme is presented for the turbo-coded OFCDM systems. Channel estimation based on a code-multiplexed pilot channel is employed. The weights of hybrid detection are derived and an effective method is proposed to estimate the weights in practical applications. By means of computer simulation, the system performance is studied to show how it is affected by parameters such as modulation schemes, the number of stages of the hybrid detection, the power ratio of pilot to data channels, spreading factor, and so on.
Optically Tunable Fiber Bragg Grating

This work presents the photoinduced wavelength shift of a side-polished fiber Bragg grating (SPFBG) with a photoresponsive liquid crystal (LC) overlay. The reflection peak wavelength of the SPFBG is tuned by refractive index (RI) modulation, which comes from the phase transition of the overlaid photoresponsive LC under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. The wavelength shift of 0.66 nm is observed with the UV light irradiation density of 0.64 mW/mm2. During the phase transition of the photoresponsive LC, the increase of RI leads to the reflected Bragg wavelength red-shift and the shift is reversible and repeatable. The photoresponsive LC-overlaid SPFBG has potential applications as an active filter in all-fiber telecommunication systems and fiber-based light sensing devices.
Objective Quality Assessment for Color-to-Gray Image Conversion

Color-to-gray (C2G) image conversion is the process of transforming a color image into a grayscale one. Despite its wide usage in real-world applications, little work has been dedicated to compare the performance of C2G conversion algorithms. Subjective evaluation is reliable but is also inconvenient and time consuming. Here, we make one of the first attempts to develop an objective quality model that automatically predicts the perceived quality of C2G converted images. Inspired by the philosophy of the structural similarity index, we propose a C2G structural similarity (C2G-SSIM) index, which evaluates the luminance, contrast, and structure similarities between the reference color image and the C2G converted image. The three components are then combined depending on image type to yield an overall quality measure. Experimental results show that the proposed C2G-SSIM index has close agreement with subjective rankings and significantly outperforms existing objective quality metrics for C2G conversion. To explore the potentials of C2G-SSIM, we further demonstrate its use in two applications: 1) automatic parameter tuning for C2G conversion algorithms and 2) adaptive fusion of C2G converted images.
ICA based supervised gene classification of Microarray data in yeast functional genome

In order to study the function of unknown genes in functional genome, traditional supervised classification algorithms were applied to gene classification with Microarray expression profiles. But the results show that the classification precision is poor and the accuracies achieved for different classes varies dramatically. Because the gene expression profiles are mixed with different biologically meaningful information and there is much noise in the genomic-scale dataset. Independent component analysis (ICA) is a method for multi-channel signal processing to separate mixed signals. Through linear transformation, ICA minimizes the statistical dependence of the components of the represented variables. So in this paper ICA based supervised gene classification in yeast functional genome is presented, which is a hybrid method of ICA with supervised classification approaches. This method recognizes the hidden patterns under the gene expression profiles and reduces the noise that is abundant in the gene expression profiles efficiently. Experimental results show that this method improves the performance of precision and recall
Effects of Channel Estimation Errors on V-BLAST Detection

This paper investigates the effects of channel estimation errors on zero-forcing (ZF) vertical Bell laboratories layered space time (V-BLAST) detection. An analytical method is presented to derive the symbol error probability (SEP) of the signals detected at each stage. The effects of imperfect channel estimation on the SEP performance of V-BLAST detection are then studied. It is shown that ZF-VBLAST detection is very sensitive to the channel estimation errors under high signal to noise ratio (SNR). It is also shown that when optimal ordering is adopted, the effects of channel estimation errors are more significant on the latter detection stages.
A New Self Organized Clustering Scheme for Hierarchical TH-PPM UWB Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

Ultra wideband (UWB) systems are considered as the key wireless infrastructure technology for efficient short-range communications and mobile applications. In this paper, we study the problem of bandwidth scheduling in a UWB based hierarchical wireless ad hoc network, which is typically used in an enterprise-scale mobile computing environment. A novel self-organized clustering method is designed to improve system throughput. Simulation results suggest that the proposed clustering method is effective under various system configurations
Dynamic Doppler tracking for LTE-based broadband communications on high speed rails

This paper provides a comprehensive overview on frequency synchronizations in LTE (Long Term Evolution) downlink transmission and presents the necessity to carry out dynamic Doppler tracking for LTE-based broadband communication on high speed rails (HSRs). Firstly, the fundamentals of frequency synchronization are introduced, followed by the discussion of dynamic Doppler shifts in HSR scenarios. Then, targeting at LTE downlink, various frequency synchronization algorithms are described, exploiting specific signal structures of LTE. Furthermore, considering new features in broadband communications on HSRs, recent researches using these features to improve the dynamic Doppler shift tracking are introduced and discussed. It can be seen that although dynamic Doppler shifts are important features of broadband wireless channels on HSRs, limited research has been conducted in this area and a lot of work needs to be done in future.
Microcellular CDMA mobile communications

Because of its well-known ability to both combat multipath and allow multiple users to simultaneously communicate over a channel, spread-spectrum techniques are being considered for use in cellular communication networks. Code division multiple access (CDMA) is becoming a very attractive technique for personal communications networks (PCN) and microcellular mobile communications. This paper evaluates the performance of a microcellular CDMA system by considering the effects of both intracell and intercell interference. It was discovered that the bit error rate (BER) performance of the microcellular CDMA system increases as the propagation loss exponent increases.
Paths of business model innovation for manufacturing enterprises based on value chain

The article has analyzed the business model of traditional manufacturing Enterprises based on the value chain theory, pointed out that manufacturers were homology in the resources and elements markets, their own operations, products and services market with the market competition intensifies. Then, the paper proposed that innovations of business model is the source of their competitive advantage, at the same time, analyzed four paths of innovations of business model for manufacturing enterprises: the resources and elements use patterns, enterprise value activity patterns, customer value service patterns and business revenue patterns.
Research on the image segmentation of icing line based on NSCT and 2-D OSTU

In allusion to increased noise and blurring of icing line images, this paper has proposed a segmentation method based on NSCT and 2-D OSTU, using NSCT to implement denoising processing of image, and introducing combined threshold methods of improved genetic algorithm and 2-D algorithm OSTU for image segmentation, and has described the specific algorithm. The results show that this method can effectively realize the denoising processing of icing images, making accurate extraction of the target, which has reduced the search time, convenient for real time applications.
Brightness-Based Selection and Edge Detection-Based Enhancement Separation Algorithm for Low-Resolution Metal Transfer Images

Next-generation gas metal arc welding (GMAW) machines require the rapid metal transfer process be accurately monitored using a high-speed vision system and be feedback controlled. However, the necessity for high frame rate reduces the resolution achievable and bright welding arc makes it difficult to clearly image the metal transfer process. Processing of images for real-time monitoring of metal transfer process is thus challenging. To address this challenge, the authors analyzed the characteristics of metal transfer images in a novel modification of GMAW, referred to as double-electrode GMAW, and proposed an algorithm consisting of a system of effective steps to extract the needed droplet feedback information from high frame rate low-resolution metal transfer images. Experimental results verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in automatically locating the droplet and computing the droplet size with an adequate accuracy.
Novel scheduling for a mixture of real-time and non-real-time traffic

This paper presents a novel scheduling policy for wireless communications where users contain mixed real-time (RT) and non-real-time (nRT) traffic. The proposed policy introduces a novel tradeoff concept in scheduling, where a value of quality of service (QoS) satisfaction can be traded off with the achievable system throughput. Two weighting factors, corresponding to RT and nRT traffic, are introduced in the novel scheduling policy. The proposed policy is evaluated by simulation results. The simulation results show an optimal range of the weights to meet QoS satisfactions.
Performance of fast-frequency-hopping spread-spectrum multiple-access for indoor wireless communications

Digital systems employing antenna diversity and noncoherent binary frequency-shift-keying modulation operating through an indoor radio multipath Rayleigh fading channel are investigated theoretically. The diversity technique of equal gain combining is considered. The frequency-hopping rate is assumed to be equal to the bit rate. Results show that the FFH systems are better able to counteract multipath fading than direct sequence systems, which, however, perform better in the presence of multiaccess interference, provided that diversity is used.<<ETX>>
Application of SVM Combined with Mackov Chain for Inventory Prediction in Supply Chain

The aim of this paper is to predict the inventory of the relevant upstream enterprises in supply chain. The support vector machine, a novel artificial intelligence-based method developed from statistical learning theory, is adopted herein to establish a short-term stage forecasting model. However, take the fact into account that demand signal is affected by variant random factors and behaves big uncertainty, the predicted accuracy of SVM is not approving when the data show great randomness. It is obligatory that we present Markov chain to improve the predicted accuracy of SVM. This combined model takes advantage of the high predictable power of SVM model and at the same time take advantage of the prediction power of Markov chain modeling on the discrete states based on the SVM modeling residual sequence. Then we use the statistical data of the output of the gasoline of China from Feb-06 to Dec-07 for a validation of the effectiveness of the above model.
Power Minimization in Multi-Band Multi-Antenna Cognitive Radio Networks

This paper aims to design an optimal set of beam-vectors for multi-band multi-antenna cognitive radio networks that jointly allocate power over both space and frequency, so that the sum power of secondary users (SUs) is minimized, subject to rate demands at the SUs, as well as the interference constraints imposed by primary users. Unlike the rate maximization problems, which are always feasible, this power minimization (PM) problem may be infeasible due to the rate constraints. Therefore, we provide a complete analysis of the PM problem by splitting the solution into two separate phases. In phase I, a novel method is developed to check the feasibility of the PM problem by considering an alternative problem, where one additional variable is introduced. This alternative problem is always feasible and one algorithm based on network duality and geometric programs is developed to solve it. In phase II, a novel algorithm is developed to solve the PM problem. This algorithm can be implemented in an online fashion. Furthermore, this algorithm is proved to converge to a Karush-Kuhn-Tucker point of the PM problem. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms converge in only a few iterations and significantly outperform the existing single-band method in terms of both the feasibility probabilities and power savings.
Distributed Antenna Systems for Mobile Communications in High Speed Trains

With the deployment of high speed train (HST) systems increasing worldwide and their popularity with travelers growing, providing broadband wireless communications (BWC) in HSTs is becoming crucial. In this paper, a tutorial is presented on recent research into BWC provision for HSTs. The basic HST BWC network architecture is described. Two potential cellular architectures, microcells and distributed antenna systems (DASs) based cells, are introduced. In particular, the DAS is discussed in conjunction with radio over fiber (RoF) technology for BWC for HSTs. The technical challenges in providing DAS-based BWC for HSTs, such as handoff and RoF are discussed and outlined.
Improved QRM-ML detection with candidate selection for MIMO multiplexing systems

This paper proposes an improved QR decomposition associated M algorithm for maximum-likelihood detection (QRM-ML) with candidate selection in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) multiplexing systems. In the proposed algorithm, only the points falling into a sub-set of constellation are selected as the candidates for each transmitted signal and included in the squared Euclidean distance calculation. Unlike the existing algorithms where the sub-set is fixed based on quadrant, the sub-set here is determined by the circle with center at the signal estimate and a pre-determined radius. By computer simulations, it is shown that the proposed QRM-ML algorithm can achieve the performance close to that of the existing QRM-ML algorithms with significantly reduced complexity.
Downlink transmission of broadband OFCDM Systems-part II: effect of Doppler shift

The orthogonal frequency and code division multiplexing (OFCDM) system with 2-D spreading (time- and frequency-domain spreading) is becoming a promising candidate for future broadband wireless communication systems. OFCDM is more attractive than orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) both by introducing frequency-domain spreading for frequency diversity provision and time-domain spreading for flexible data rate provision. To provide high-speed mobile services, multicode transmission is employed in conjunction with OFCDM. In a Gaussian or flat-fading channel, multicode channels are orthogonal. However, in a realistic wireless channel, the orthogonality no longer maintains. Thus, multicode interference (MCI) is caused. This paper focuses on the investigation of the effect of Doppler shift on the downlink transmission of high-speed mobile OFCDM systems. A practical channel estimation algorithm based on a code-multiplexed pilot channel is employed to track the variations of fading channels. Hybrid MCI cancellation and minimum mean-square error (MMSE) detection proposed by the authors is employed as an efficient way to eliminate the MCI in the frequency domain. The system performance is analytically studied with imperfect channel estimation to show how it is affected by parameters such as the window size in the channel estimation, Doppler shift, the number of stages of the hybrid detection, the power ratio of pilot to data channels, spreading factor, and so on
Software Design of Security Monitoring and Early Warning System for Electric Power Security Control

To meet the requirement of changing electric power grid security and stability analysis, an agent-based software development paradigm is proposed and deployed in the early warning and security countermeasure for electric power security control. This system has an open and loosely coupled plug-in architecture, of which the five sub-systems of automatic monitoring-forecasting and early-warning system on electric supply and demand, static state security monitoring system, voltage security and transient security monitoring and analysis system, examination of protective relaying settings system and frequency monitoring and emergency treatment scheme system are organically integrated and the difficulties in concurrent consideration among the accuracy, continuity and real time acquisition of data in electric power security control monitoring are well settled.
Area Spectral Efficiency and Area Energy Efficiency of Massive MIMO Cellular Systems

This paper investigates the performance of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) cellular systems with pilot contamination. We derive a closed-form approximation of the area spectral efficiency (ASE) for uplink multicell multiuser massive MIMO systems by using a uniformly distributed user location model. Considering a practical power consumption model, we obtain the area energy efficiency (AEE) in a cell. The theoretical results of ASE and AEE can be used to investigate some system parameters of massive MIMO cellular systems, such as the number of antennas at the base station, the number of users, and the number of symbols over which the channel remains constant. We also study the optimal pilot-to-data power ratio for both ASE maximization and AEE maximization.
Quality-of-Experience for Adaptive Streaming Videos: An Expectation Confirmation Theory Motivated Approach

The dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP provides an inter-operable solution to overcome volatile network conditions, but how the human visual quality of experience (QoE) changes with time-varying video quality is not well-understood. Here, we build a large-scale video database of time-varying quality and design a series of subjective experiments to investigate how humans respond to compression level, spatial and temporal resolution adaptations. Our path-analytic results show that quality adaptations influence the QoE by modifying the perceived quality of subsequent video segments. Specifically, the quality deviation introduced by quality adaptations is asymmetric with respect to the adaptation direction, which is further influenced by other factors such as compression level and content. Furthermore, we propose an objective QoE model by integrating the empirical findings from our subjective experiments and the expectation confirmation theory (ECT). Experimental results show that the proposed ECT-QoE model is in close agreement with subjective opinions and significantly outperforms existing QoE models. The video database together with the code is available online at https://ece.uwaterloo.ca/zduanmu/tip2018ectqoe/.
Receiver Design for PAM-DMT in Indoor Optical Wireless Links

In the conventional receiver for pulse-amplitude-modulated discrete multitone (PAM-DMT), the real parts of the subcarriers are distorted by the clipping noise and ignored in detection. In this letter, the signal analysis shows that the real parts of the subcarriers also contain the information of the transmitted signal. An iterative receiver is then proposed to improve the transmission performance of PAM-DMT by exploiting both the real and imaginary parts of the subcarriers. Simulation results show that the proposed iterative receiver can significantly improve the transmission performance of PAM-DMT systems.
Spectral Efficiency of Distributed MIMO Cellular Systems in a Composite Fading Channel

In this paper, accurate approximations of the spectral efficiency are presented for co-located multiple-input multiple-output (C-MIMO) and distributed MIMO (D-MIMO) cellular systems in the composite channel model, which includes path loss, shadow fading, and multipath fading. Firstly, conditioned on the desired user position, the analytical approximations of the mean and variance of the mutual information are derived for C-MIMO and D-MIMO at high SNR. Because the exact distribution of the mutual information in a composite Rayleigh- lognormal environment is difficult to analyze, we apply Gaussian approximation to the distribution of the mutual information. Then, the growth in ergodic capacity and outage capacity of a D-MIMO channel with the number of antennas as well as the variance of the shadow fading is well understood. Assuming that the users are randomly distributed in the cell, the closed-form expressions for the mean spectral efficiency and mean outage spectral efficiency are derived. Finally, the numerical results are presented which validate the analytical results.
Special periods peak load analysis and superior forecasting method based on LS-SVM

People often try to smooth or eliminate load outliers all together in traditional power load forecasting. This, however, could result in the loss of important hidden information. In other words, the power load outliers themselves may be particular important. Hence there is a beforehand estimate to change and characteristic of power load, especially in power load outliers or peak load, is a precondition of power system carry through economy dispatch, reduce production cost and prevent widespread blackout or collapse on electric system. In this paper propose a novel method for special periods power peak load detection, mining and forecasting. It incorporates the characteristic of high level load and maximum peak load analysis with optimum forecasting algorithm based on support vector machine. The validity of the method is proved by real data calculation.
A Low-Complexity QoS-Aware Proportional Fair Multicarrier Scheduling Algorithm for OFDM Systems

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems are the major cellular platforms for supporting ubiquitous high-speed mobile applications. However, a number of research challenges remain to be tackled. One of the most important challenges is the design of a judicious packet scheduler that will make efficient use of the spectrum bandwidth. Due to the multicarrier nature of the OFDM systems, the applicability and performance of traditional wireless packet-scheduling algorithms, which are usually designed for single-carrier systems, are largely unknown. In th.is paper, we propose a new quality-of-service (QoS)-aware proportional fairness (QPF) packet-scheduling policy with low complexity for the downlink of multiuser OFDM systems to allocate radio resources among users. Our proposed algorithm is based on a cross-layer design in that the scheduler is aware of both the channel (i.e., physical layer) and the queue state (i.e., data link layer) information to achieve proportional fairness while maximizing each user's packet-level QoS performance. The simulation results show that the proposed QPF algorithm is efficient in terms of average system throughput, packet-dropping probability, and packet delay, while maintaining adequate fairness among users with relatively low scheduling overhead.