nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Study on model of evolutionary game chain of industry cluster based on asymmetry case

Industry clusters refer to the geographical centralization of enterprises of the same industry, or the correlation or supporting industries. Aiming at the limitation of the domestic research on this field, we establish the game-chain model of evolution games in this paper. And the forming process of the clusters under the asymmetry information is showed vividly and intutionistically from the microcosmic aspect. The conception of Grey number is imported into the model to settle the problem of the payoff value which can't be judged directly in the evolution games. Based on all above, we form the imitation model and manifest the developing track of the evolution games. And the solution of evolution stable strategy (ESS) can be obtained in the end. The imitation experiment shows that the numbers of the enterprises which participate in the cooperation has increased and the number of the enterprises which do not do that has decreased. And in this way the industry cluster is formed finally
Insulator Pollution Grade Evaluation Based on Ultraviolet Imaging and Fuzzy Logic Inference

Ultraviolet (UV) imaging is an effective visual discharge detection method. In this paper, the ceramic insulator pollution discharge character was researched with the UV imager in the artificial climate chamber. According to the discharge UV image, the discharge type is divided into two typical forms, one is corona discharge, and another is the partial arc discharge. Using digital image processing algorithm, the discharge UV image region was segmented from the background image, the partial arc discharge number in certain time was counted, and the correlation of these parameters with the humidity were researched. Fuzzy logic inference was applied to realize the pollution grade evaluation. Application showed that fuzzy logic inference method can effectively to assess the pollution grade. Keywords-ceramic insulator; discharge; ultraviolet(UV) imaging; fuzzy logic inferenc
Virtual screening of cytochrome P450 2A6 inhibitors from traditional Chinese medicine using support vector machine and molecular docking

Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6), which is a member of the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) mixed-function oxidase system and is highly expressed in liver, is involved in the metabolism of drugs in the body. The inhibition of it often reduces the metabolic rate of the corresponding metabolites and then may cause unwanted drug-drug interaction (DDI). In this study, discriminative models of CYP2A6 inhibitors were created by using the support vector machine (SVM) method. And the optimal model was selected based on three assessment criteria, including accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, which were all above 95%. Then, the optimal model was used to distinguish potential inhibitors of CYP2A6 from traditional Chinese medicine database (TCMD), which resulting in a hit list of 619 compounds. These compounds were further refined by using molecular docking and then 23 compounds with higher scores than the original ligand in the crystal structure of CYP2A6 enzyme were retained. Among them, Peucedanin, which has better prediction results, might exhibits inhibition effect on CYP2A6. This paper suggests the applicability of computational methods for obtaining potential inhibitors of CYP2A6 from Natural Products, and also provides guidance for the rational application of drugs in clinical.
A 200 MHz CMOS pipelined multiplier-accumulator using a quasi-domino dynamic full-adder cell design

A bit-level pipelined 12 b*12 b two's complement multiplier with a 27 b accumulator has been designed and fabricated in 1.0 mu m p-well CMOS technology. A new quasi N-P domino logic structure has been adopted to increase the throughput rate, and special pipeline structures were used in the accumulator to reduce the total latency. The chip complexity is approximately 10000 transistors and the die area is 2.5 mm*3.7 mm. The measured maximum clock rate is 200 MHz (i.e. 200 million multiply-accumulate operations per second), and the power-speed ratio is 6.5 mW/MHz. A unique output buffer design was also adopted to achieve 200 MHz off-chip communication while maintaining full CMOS logic levels.
Position-based, Energy-efficient, centralised clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks

We propose a position-based, energy-efficient, and centralised clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks. The protocol aims at prolonging the network lifetime by evenly distributing energy load among sensor nodes in the network. A new cluster head selection algorithm is developed in the proposed protocol. In addition, the protocol uses a novel multi-hop routing approach for inter-cluster communication between cluster heads and the base station. The performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated and compared with three existing clustering-based protocols. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol achieves better energy efficiency and longer network lifetime.
Influence of Si crystallization evolution on the Er luminescence in superlattices Er:Si /Al2O3

Er:Si/Al2O3 superlattices are fabricated by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. Photoluminescence (PL) and PL excitation spectra measurements are carried out. The annealing temperature dependent PL intensity curves are presented. The influence of Si crystallization on the Er ions luminescence shows that the thinner the Si layer, and the shorter the distance r, the better its sensitizing performance.
FPGA-based implementation of binary input compressive sensing decoder

Binary input compressive sensing (BiCS) is the kernel of seamless rate adaptation system. But the high complexity of the decoding algorithms has prevented this technique from being applied to practical communication systems. In this paper, a decoder with serial architecture is proposed and implemented in FPGA. Two specific optimizations are employed to improve the throughput of the decoder. First, we take advantage of the configurable aspect ratio of the block RAM in FPGA to make the decoder work fully pipelined. Second, the ping pang operation is adopted to increase the hardware utilization efficiency. When the clock frequency is 300MHz and the number of iterations is 10, the maximum throughput of the decoder is about 29.4Mbps that reaches the range of communication rate in modern wireless networks.
A Node Performance and Encountering Probability-Based Adaptive Routing for Delay Tolerant Networks

Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are characterized by node mobility and partitioned network topology, extremely long delivery latency, etc. Consequently, the traditional ad-hoc routing algorithms cannot work well in DTNs. In order to provide effective communication services in DTNs, in this paper, we propose an adaptive routing based on Node Performance and Encountering Probability (NPEP). NPEP chronologically consists of two phases, the asymmetric distribution stage and the probability forwarding stage. In the asymmetric distribution stage, by considering node throughput, we define an absorbing metric to select a better node as the next relay node. We also define another node activeness metric to asymmetrically allocate copies to relay nodes. In the probability forwarding stage, we evaluate the encountering probability with the destination node in order to select a better next relay node to optimize delivery ratio. Extensive simulations have been conducted and the results show that NPEP outperforms Epidemic, FirstContact and NPSW in terms of delivery rate, average latency and average hop count in the Random Waypoint mobility model. Specifically, NPEP has less average hop count than other three algorithms, and the overhead ratio of NPEP is 45% and 43% less than that of Epidemic, FirstContact.
Design of portable performance parameter test system for aviation DC generator

Aimed at the requirement of fast test for aviation DC generator, a portable performance parameters test system is introduced in this paper. According to the requirement of GJB181 and GJB181A, the hardware structure and software of test system are analyzed, and the design and implementation of the test system software with LabVIEW is completed. The system has the functions including auto setup load, steady state and transient parameters test with different loads, rotor speed test, and so on. The result shows that the system has good and reliable performance of parameter test and achieves the design requirement.
A simple knife-edge design for initial phase optimization in plasma focus

A simple knife-edge design was described that enabled easy optimization and investigation of the initial phase for the plasma focus devices. It enhanced the initial breakdown process along the insulator surface by allowing free adjustment or fine-tuning of the insulator length and by forming a sharp knife-edge with effective field emission. The plasma pinching was much improved with neutron yield equal or above that predicted by the scaling law. This knife-edge design is especially suitable for the optimization of medium and large-scale plasma focus devices where it would be otherwise rather difficult to modify the insulator configuration directly.
A New Algorithm for Solving Fuzzy Linear Programming The Basic Line Algorithm

In this paper, it is given a new method of solving the fuzzy linear programming—the basic line algorithm. Compared with the simplex method in solving the fuzzy linear programming currently, the basic line algorithm not only has its advantages on both data stability and anti-cycle and so on, but also shows superior on reducing the solving steps and having no need to calculate the checking figures. At last the algorithm is proved by an example.
Privacy-Preserving Association Rules Mining Using the Grouping Unrelated-Question Model

Privacy preserving data mining algorithms have been intensively investigated since 2000. But almost all these approaches don't consider different privacy attitudes of different people. Some people are willing to provide their privacy data to investigators under almost any condition. Thus the privacy- preserving algorithm grouping informants will lead to higher accuracy of results. The Warner model, an important algorithm on collecting privacy data, limits the probability of randomized response and two questions in the model are closely related, which decreases informants' cooperation. Hence we propose the grouping unrelated-question model (GUQM) for the first time to solve the limits of the Warner model and to collect privacy data of people with different attitudes about privacy. Furthermore, we combine association rules mining with GUQM to solve the high time complexity in association rules mining. The paper analyzes the algorithm's validity, privacy protection and time complexity in theory. The experimental results show the effect of every parameter in our algorithm on the results of mining association rules.
Multiscale gigapixel video: A cross resolution image matching and warping approach

We present a multi-scale camera array to capture and synthesize gigapixel videos in an efficient way. Our acquisition setup contains a reference camera with a short-focus lens to get a large field-of-view video and a number of unstructured long-focus cameras to capture local-view details. Based on this new design, we propose an iterative feature matching and image warping method to independently warp each local-view video to the reference video. The key feature of the proposed algorithm is its robustness to and high accuracy for the huge resolution gap (more than 8x resolution gap between the reference and the local-view videos), camera parallaxes, complex scene appearances and color inconsistency among cameras. Experimental results show that the proposed multi-scale camera array and cross resolution video warping scheme is capable of generating seamless gigapixel video without the need of camera calibration and large overlapping area constraints between the local-view cameras.
An All-Digital Large-$N$ Audio Frequency Synthesizer for HDMI Applications

In this brief, a novel all-digital and large-frequency-multiplication-ratio audio frequency synthesizer for high-definition multimedia interface applications is presented. The proposed large- N frequency synthesizer is designed in an all-digital manner to reduce circuit complexity and design efforts in advanced CMOS process technology, as compared with prior studies. The proposed frequency synthesizer does not require an extra high-frequency reference clock source but employs a single locking loop to reduce lock-in time and enhance loop stability. Based on the proposed frequency search algorithm and the high-resolution digitally controlled oscillator, the frequency synthesizer cannot only provide a large frequency multiplication ratio, but it also achieves low-jitter performance. Measurement results show that the frequency multiplication ratio has a range of 4096 to 25 088 and that the power consumption of the proposed frequency synthesizer can be improved to 591 μW (at 24.576 MHz) with a peak-to-peak jitter of 1.23%. In addition, the proposed frequency synthesizer can be implemented with standard cells, making it easily portable to different processes and very suitable for system-on-a-chip applications.
REPC: Reliable and efficient participatory computing for mobile devices

Smartphones and mobile devices have greatly penetrated the daily lives of many people. While participatory/pervasive sensing has gained wide adoptions by leveraging various onboard sensors on mobile devices, another powerful resource, the computational power on these mobile devices has been less frequently harnessed by researchers and practitioners. To fill this gap, we propose in this work the modeling, analysis, and implementation of participatory computing. Specifically, we propose REPC, a generic randomized task assignment framework for the participatory computing paradigm, which guarantees the overall system performance with close to minimal workload at individual participating devices. To achieve these design objectives, we model the intrinsic relationship between the workload of individual devices and the probability they complete their assigned tasks. Based on our modeling results, we analyze the maximal system capacity for any given participatory computing system and derive the minimal workload for individual participating devices to achieve the overall system performance requirement. We have fully implemented our design on the Android platform and demonstrated its performance through a representative participatory computing application. Extensive experiments and simulation results demonstrate that our design is able to achieve more than 90% task completion ratios with only 10% system overhead in practice.
Study of static contact angle measurement method based on least squares fitting

In order to get accurate measurement of static contact angle of silicone rubber, the method based on the least squares fitting is proposed to obtain static contact angle through fitting the globule edge. This method fits the globule edge by the least square method according to the rule that the globule edge is round if the globule only has little water. Then, Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is used to calculate the least squares fitting, the formula used in the fitting procedure is deduced theoretically, the algorithm flow chart is given, and the program is implemented. For simulated globule images and real globule figures, the protractor method and the fitting method proposed by the paper is used respectively to get the static contact angle. The results show that the proposed fitting method can effectively reduce the subjective influence by the protractor method of the measurement results, and it can also improve the measurement accuracy of the static contact angle in great degree. This paper studies the effect of the water volume on the accuracy of this paper's algorithm, the results show that the error increases gradually with the increased volume.
A 100 Mb/s CMOS 100Base-T4 Fast Ethernet transceiver for category 3, 4 and 5 UTP

A 100Base-T4 Fast Ethernet transceiver based on a DSP approach supports 100 Mb/s over low-grade CAT3 unshielded twisted pair (UTP) as well as higher grade CAT4 and 5 UTP. The transceiver performs all the required physical layer (PHY) interface functions from the media-independent interface (MII) to filterless magnetic module in a single CMOS chip.
A single-chip universal burst receiver for cable modem/digital cable-TV applications

This paper presents a single-chip cable upstream receiver which demodulates QPSK/16-QAM burst data in a frequency-agile, time-division multiple access (TDMA) scheme. An analog front end (AFE), an all-digital receiver and an FEC decoder are integrated on chip. The AFE performs coarse gain setting and signal quantization on either an IF input or baseband I/Q inputs. The digital QAM receiver contains a quadrature down-mixer, multi-stage decimators, Nyquist filters, carrier/timing acquisition loops, and an adaptive equalizer. The FEC decoder consists of a programmable descrambler and a versatile Reed-Solomon decoder. The chip occupies 4.7/spl times/7.8 mm/sup 2/ die area in a 0.35-/spl mu/m CMOS process, and consumes 1.0 W at 3.3 V in a 100-pin PQFP.
An obstacle avoidance of large-scale indoor tricycle drive cleaning robot using laser scanner

Less offspring and aging are global issues that will be a bad news for cleaning work that requires a lot of manpower; the nightly cleaning jobs for large-scale indoor spaces introduce workers' overwork/fatigue problem. This study proposes a robot suitable for night time cleaning, which uses the industrial computer as the software control core, the AVR MCU for the control hardware part, the various obstacles avoidance sensors, and the cleaning mode algorithms. In the section of mechanism design, with a rotating space detection capability, the robot can safely avoid the steering into the corner. Users can utilize the interface for remote control and remote monitoring, allowing users to see the details of the cleaning and handling of goods transportation; remote monitoring can provide the video of robot's cleaning, so that users knows the cleaning status. Large-scale space cleaning robots used in the late night hours manage to transfer the original late-night cleaning manpower to the peak hours, not only solve the problem of late-night work but also solve the problem of lack of manpower during peak hours.
A 70 Mb/s variable-rate 1024-QAM cable receiver IC with integrated 10 b ADC and FEC decoder

A variable-rate IF-sampled QAM receiver integrated circuit operates at symbol rates from 1 to 7 MBaud in 4, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, and 1024-QAM. The QAM receiver is a monolithic mixed-signal device implemented in a 0.5 /spl mu/m triple-level metal single-poly CMOS process. The device incorporates a 10b A/D converter, analog PLLs, interpolating demodulator, square-root raised cosine receive filters, timing/carrier recovery loops, 20-tap complex equalizer, and a Reed-Solomon forward error correction (FEC) decoder that is compliant with European digital video broadcasting (DVB) and Digital Audio-Visual Council (DAVIC) standards. Applications of this QAM receiver include digital cable-TV set-top terminals, cable modems, and digital microwave radios.
A high-speed CMOS full-adder cell using a new circuit design technique-adaptively-biased pseudo-NMOS logic

A circuit design technique called adaptively biased pseudo-NMOS logic (APNL) is investigated and used in a differential-type full-adder cell design. Based on the layout and simulation results, the APNL full-adder cell is nearly 80% faster than conventional cascode voltage switch logic (CVSL) and over 30% faster than the domino CVSL circuits, while consuming comparable power and silicon area. An application example of the APNL technique is described.<<ETX>>
An Efficient Rate Compatible Modulation With Variable Weight Sets

Rate Compatible Modulation (RCM) has been shown to be capable of achieving smooth rate adaptive transmission in highly dynamic channel scenarios. In this paper, the capacity of RCM is analyzed for different channel conditions, and an important result is obtained, i.e., in low-to-middle signal to noise ratio (SNR), the same achievable capacity in RCMs may be obtained for different weight sets being used. Based on this result, instead of employing fixed-weight sets with large values or big cardinalities for all channel conditions as in conventional RCM, a novel RCM scheme with variable weight sets (RCM-VWS) is proposed by employing different weight sets for different SNR ranges such that the demodulation complexity can be significantly reduced. In RCM-VWS, the SNR value of the received signal is divided into five unoverlapped ranges, which are estimated and encoded into 3-bit information at the receiver. This 3-bit information is delivered back to the transmitter for weight set selection when the SNR value of the received signal changes from one range to another or for some transmission interval. Thus, the cost of the feedback load is trivial in practice. Theoretical analysis and simulations show that compared with conventional RCM with fixed weight sets, the computational complexity of RCM-VWS can be reduced by as much as 97% at SNR < 6 dB and 90% at 6 dB < SNR < 9 dB while maintaining the same transmission rate. In addition, the proposed scheme achieves a better BER performance than the conventional RCM.
Modified Thomson spectrometer for the detection of low energy (1 keV) high power ion beams

The Thomson parabola spectrometer with the CR-39 nuclear track detector as detection plate has been widely used in the detection of mass and energy spectra of pulsed high power ion beams in a wide energy range from 30 keV to more than MeV. However, its application to even lower energy ion beam detection, say 1 to several keV, is limited by the threshold energy for the particle track formation of the detection plate which is usually higher than 30 keV. The pulsed high power and low energy ion beams, such as N/sup +/, C/sup +/ and B/sup +/ and so on, with energy of about 1 keV in the high energy density plasma streams generated by the coaxial plasma gun are of special interest in materials surface modification and film deposition. To solve the detection problem, we designed an after-acceleration electric field near and cross the detection plate to accelerate the ions, after deflection by the electric and magnetic fields of the spectrometer, to high enough energy for effective registration by the detection plate. The acceleration field is formed by a front grounded planar metal mesh electrode 3 mm in front of the detection plate and a back electrode applied to a pulse voltage of 50 kV behind the plate.
The Schottky characteristics of Ti/n-GaAs surface-treated by N/sub 2/ plasma

The Schottky characteristics of Ti contacts on n-GaAs surface-treated by N/sub 2/ plasma at different temperature are studied. The capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristic of the samples surface-treated by N/sub 2/ plasma is far more ideal than that of the pure GaAs samples. The Schottky characteristic of the samples surface-treated at 350/spl deg/C is better than that of samples treated at 950/spl deg/C. In this article, the zero-bias Schottky barrier height (SBH) /spl Phi//sub b0/, the flat-band SBH /spl Phi//sub b//sup 0/, the thickness of the interfacial layer /spl delta/, the permittivity of the interfacial layer /spl epsiv//sub i/ and the ideality factor n of the samples at different nitridation temperature are extracted from the forward, reverse current-voltage (I-V) and the C-V measurement, respectively. Also the distribution of interface states density is qualitatively determined from the forward bias I-V characteristics by taking into account the bias dependence of the effective barrier height.