nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Accurate indoor tracking using a mobile phone and non-overlapping camera sensor networks

Cameras are common in the public building, and become one of the popular sensors for the indoor tracking. However, a camera will produce much data and consume much energy. Consequently, the cameras, deployed in a large area, would have no overlapping field of views (fovs). This leads to we cannot determine the person's position in unobserved area correctly, due to the person's unpredicted motion change, such as taking turns. Smart phone-based dead reckoning (DR) method is recently observed to be an alternative for filling these cameras' gaps to realize seamless tracking. Therefore, in this paper, we propose to accurately track a person in indoor environment by employing particle filtering, which fuses the absolute position results from cameras and the relative position results from the smart phone-based DR method. Experiment results demonstrate the performance of the proposed joint tracking system. As we expected, the dead reckoning's drawbacks such as accumulative errors and the unavailability of the initial position, are solved by the cameras. As well, the positions' estimations between the cameras are filled with the DR method.
5G MIMO Antenna Based on Vector Synthetic Mechanism

A dual-polarized antenna based on a vector synthetic mechanism is demonstrated in this letter. It mainly embraces four radiators, a feed structure, and a reflector. All the radiators participate in the synthesis process, and there is almost no cross-polarization current on the radiators. Hence, the antenna element could cover 3.3–3.6 GHz with high port isolation and low cross polarization. A prototype of the antenna element is also experimentally studied. Then, the antenna element is extended to an array. By assigning different weighting factor and phase for each element's port, the antenna array can generate different patterns to meet the multimode requirements of the communication network. High isolation, low cross polarization, low sidelobes, and high front-to-back ratio can still be obtained. Having such merits, the multiple-input–multiple-output antenna would find its wide application in the future fifth-generation base station application.
Adaptive Robust Online Constructive Fuzzy Control of a Complex Surface Vehicle System

In this paper, a novel adaptive robust online constructive fuzzy control (AR-OCFC) scheme, employing an online constructive fuzzy approximator (OCFA), to deal with tracking surface vehicles with uncertainties and unknown disturbances is proposed. Significant contributions of this paper are as follows: 1) unlike previous self-organizing fuzzy neural networks, the OCFA employs decoupled distance measure to dynamically allocate discriminable and sparse fuzzy sets in each dimension and is able to parsimoniously self-construct high interpretable T-S fuzzy rules; 2) an OCFA-based dominant adaptive controller (DAC) is designed by employing the improved projection-based adaptive laws derived from the Lyapunov synthesis which can guarantee reasonable fuzzy partitions; 3) closed-loop system stability and robustness are ensured by stable cancelation and decoupled adaptive compensation, respectively, thereby contributing to an auxiliary robust controller (ARC); and 4) global asymptotic closed-loop system can be guaranteed by AR-OCFC consisting of DAC and ARC and all signals are bounded. Simulation studies and comprehensive comparisons with state-of-the-arts fixed- and dynamic-structure adaptive control schemes demonstrate superior performance of the AR-OCFC in terms of tracking and approximation accuracy.
Design and characteristics of two Rogowski coils based on printed circuit board

Rogowski coils are special types of mutual inductors often used to measure large alternating and transient currents. Traditional handmade Rogowski coils lack accuracy and cannot be easily mass-produced. Two new structures of Rogowski coils based on printed circuit board are presented. Theoretical analyses on the mutual inductances of two designs are discussed. The measurements of basic characteristics, linearity tests, frequency-response tests, temperature performance tests, and related positional sensitivity tests for the two new coils and traditional coil are carried out. The two new Rogowski coils are proved to have excellent accuracy and temperature performance and can be easily applied in mass production
Combined Use of Double Weather Radar in Weather Modification

At present, Doppler weather radar has been widely used in China. Many areas have been provided with Doppler weather radar, and utilize the internet to interconnect the original data or image data. But interconnected data is usually PPI, and also affected by the scanning elevation and scanning speed, so there are some blind areas at the time of detecting severe convective weather near the sites. This paper mainly discusses the feasibility of using the operating parameters extracted from interconnected Doppler weather radar's PPI images to control X-band weather radar, and make RHI scanning in oder to perfect observation of blind areas and improve the monitoring of severe convective weather.
Cloud Segmentation of Spatial Concept Hierarchy Based on Data Field

As spatial data mining involves geographic space and attribute space, both of which have a high relevance to each other, how to synthetically extract abstract concept of the two spaces to a higher hierarchy is becoming a new hotspot. Reviewing former approaches, it is possible to discover that the relationship between these two spaces is simply exhibited by weight in these approaches. Furthermore, in these approaches, observed samples are regarded as single objects, and their relationship as well as influence to parent space is ignored. Aiming at these issues, based on prevenient pan-concept-tree arithmetic, this paper integrates data field and synthesized cloud model with generation of pan-concept-tree to put forward the cloud segmentation of spatial concept hierarchy based on data field. By experiment and comparison, it is testified that this method has the capability to achieve the process of concept climb effectively and accurately.
A improved algorithm of integer ambiguity search space

The ambiguity search space has a great effect on integer ambiguity searching efficiency and confirmation. In the case of high ambiguity dimension, the search space is determined when the ambiguity dimension is large. The conventional method is prone to the ambiguity fixed failure. And the actual ambiguity group number and the expected value of a large deviation by the conservative method, resulting in large search space and low efficiency. In this paper, the Z-transform decorrelation algorithm is improved based on the LAMBDA algorithm, then the improved decorrelation algorithm and the conservative method are used to determine the search space. The results show that when the ambiguity dimension is high, the success rate of ambiguity is increased by 2%–3%, and the number of fuzzy degrees is also reduced obviously, which effectively improves the search of ambiguity.
A handheld mobile device for wireless mesh networks in healthcare

This paper presents the latest development of a mobile device to be used in wireless mesh networks for healthcare. The mobile device is capable of video streaming, Internet access, and voice over wireless networks. In addition, the optimisation techniques are applied to improve the network efficiency by multicast and stream the required videos based on the condition of network by scalable video streaming. The performance of the network formed by the mobile devices has been evaluated. This approach is expected to provide more versatile services for healthcare.
An Improved Algorithm for Image Fractal Dimension

There are several methods to estimate fractal dimension in fractional Brownian motion model. In this paper, one of methods, the variance method, is analyzed detailedly, and some problems in the method are pointed out. To resolve the problems, an improved method is proposed. To validate the method, a comparing experiment of two methods is designed. In the experiment, a SPOT image is selected and five categories, flourishing field, bareness land, resident area, water area and mountainous area, in the image are taken as examples. The experiment shows that the result by improved method is coincident with human perception and the improved method is also helpful for classification.
Adaptive Neural Output Feedback Tracking Control for a Class of Uncertain Discrete-Time Nonlinear Systems

This brief studies an adaptive neural output feedback tracking control of uncertain nonlinear multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) systems in the discrete-time form. The considered MIMO systems are composed of n subsystems with the couplings of inputs and states among subsystems. In order to solve the noncausal problem and decouple the couplings, it needs to transform the systems into a predictor form. The higher order neural networks are utilized to approximate the desired controllers. By using Lyapunov analysis, it is proven that all the signals in the closed-loop system is the semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded and the output errors converge to a compact set. In contrast to the existing results, the advantage of the scheme is that the number of the adjustable parameters is highly reduced. The effectiveness of the scheme is verified by a simulation example.
Based on Ecosystem Management Study Coastal Cities Development

Coastal cities are developing rapidly in recent years, but serious broken eco-environment, irrational marine industrial structure; unsound regulations hinder marine economic development. Therefore, this paper studies the EBM (Ecosystem-based Management) and suggests improving the environment, management and marine industrial structure. These suggestions have important significance all-round coordinated and sustainable development of the environmental protection, economic growth, social communities and other aspects in coastal cities.
A High Sensitivity Strain Sensor Based on the Zero-Group-Birefringence Effect in a Selective-Filling High Birefringent Photonic Crystal Fiber

A selective-filling high birefringent photonic crystal fiber (SF-HBPCF) based Sagnac interferometer (SI) was demonstrated. The SF-HBPCF was achieved by infiltrating a high index liquid into two symmetrical air holes of the innermost layer of an index-guiding un-birefringent PCF. The birefringence characteristics of the SF-HBPCF and the strain sensing characteristics of the SF-HBPCF based SI were theoretically analyzed in detail. The group birefringence presented unique characteristics, and particularly possessed a zero value at a certain wavelength. This directly resulted in the strain sensitivities having ultrahigh even infinite value at the certain wavelength. Besides, with the change of the loaded strain, the sensitivities of the interference dips presented disparate variation trend. In experiments, the results were well matched with theoretical simulation. And the strain sensitivities from 25 pm/μϵ to 12 pm/μϵ were achieved from 61 μϵ to 789 μϵ in the type of the SF-HBPCF.
A innovative current sensor-less continuous conduction mode PFC control

For PFC working under discontinues conduction or critical conduction modes, input current sensing is not required when constant on time control is applied. However, this approach cannot be extended to PFC working under continues conduction mode. In this paper, a innovative input current sensor-less control scheme has been proposed for PFC working under continuous conduction mode. Its value in digitally controlled PFC is great since high resolution and high bandwidth current sampling A/D can be eliminated. The nonideal effects in input current sensor-less control have also been analyzed in this paper. The proposed PFC control has been verified by our experimental prototype.
Distribution system outage and restoration analysis using a wireless AMR system

The advances in computer applications and technology are providing more and more data about the distribution system that can be used for analysis. One new technology is automated meter reading (AMR) systems. AMR systems provide access to the consumption and status of individual customers. This summary outlines research work to incorporate AMR information in outage management The first technique combines AMR data with SCADA and trouble call data to identify an outage and then uses AMR polling to verify the outage and its level. The second technique provides a way to use AMR to confirm restoration of all customers below an outaged device.
A Novel Image Fusion Method Based on Wavelet Packet Transform

A novel image fusion method based on discrete wavelet packet transform (DWPT) is proposed. First, after the registration of multi-source sensor images, the obtained images are decomposed into several sub-images of different frequency bands by using wavelet packet transform. Second, aiming at the characteristic of the sub-images after decompositions, fusion rules based on local region are chosen to fuse the coefficients of the sub-images, and a serial of fusion sub-images are obtained. Finally, the fusion image can be obtained by inverse discrete wavelet packet transform (IDWPT). By means of designing simulation experiments using visible and infrared image, the image fusion method based on wavelet packet transform is compared qualitatively and quantitatively with other five kinds of image fusion methods including weighted average, selecting maximum pixel gray value, selecting minimum pixel value, Laplacian pyramid transform and wavelet transform. Lots of experiments and comparisons with other fusion methods show that the effectiveness and superiority of image fusion method based on wavelet packet transform.
Design of tactile sensor array on electric gripper jaws for wire gripping recognition

In this study, we proposed an electric gripper jaw with tactile sensor array for wire harness applications. The tactile sensor is made of piezoresistive material through screen printing technology. The array is fabricated on a flexible film (20mm × 20mm × 250μm) and contains 100 sensor cells (1.3mm × 1.3mm). The pressure range of the tactile sensor is 10 to 580 psi. The sensors were modularized and embedded onto electric gripper jaws to locate and recognize the gripped wires. The fuzzy c-regression models (FCRM) clustering algorithm was applied to deal with ambiguous gripping situations such as multiple or bending wires. Experiment results demonstrated the effectiveness and the feasibility of the presented approach. The overall system is at the same time highly sensitive and robust, cheap to manufacture and can be made to have almost any size and shape for industrial purpose.
Dynamic adaptive PMD compensation in a 40Gb/s OTDM system

An experiment of two-stages four degrees high-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) compensation in 40 Gb/s optical communication system with a large PMD is reported. The former stage adopts polarization controller and fixed time-delayed line of polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF). The second stage consists of a polarization rotator and a tunable differential group delay (DGD) line that is based on magneto optical crystal. The second stage is used to compensate remnant first-order PMD. The PMD monitoring technique adopted degree of polarization (DOP) as error signal. A novel practical adaptive optimization algorithm was introduced in dynamic adaptive PMD compensation. Some experimental results show that large PMD is compensated by this compensator in a 40 Gbits/s non-return-to-zero (NRZ) OTDM transmission systems. A significant improvement of system performance can be achieved in the eye pattern of a received signal. Most first-order compensating ability of the compensator is 35 ps. Second-order compensating ability of the compensator is 200 ps2 . The optimum compensating time is within several milliseconds
Dimensionality Reduction for Descriptor Generation in Rushes Editing

Rushes editing, which enables the computer to edit the film like a professional film cutter based on the noisy and redundant footage, is an active topic in multimedia semantic analysis. The most critical problem of rushes editing is how to generate an effective, efficient, and robust descriptor for the footage content analysis. This paper proposes a novel non-linear dimensionality reduction algorithm called Multi-Layer Isometric Feature Mapping (ML-Isomap)for automatic descriptor generation. First, a K-nearest Neighbor Based Clustering (KNBC) algorithm is utilized to partition the high-dimensional data points into a set of data blocks. Second, intra-cluster graphs are constructed based on the individual character of each data block to build the basic layer for the ML-Isomap. Third, the inter-cluster graph is constructed by analyzing the interrelation among these isolated data blocks to build the hyper-layers for the ML-Isomap. Finally, all the data points are mapped into the unique low-dimensional feature space by keeping the corresponding relations of the multiple layers in the high-dimensional feature space to the greatest extent. The comparative experiments on synthetic data as well as the real rushes editing tasks demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can generate the effective descriptor with much lower dimensions for the semantic video analysis.
A 32-ch. bidirectional neural/EMG interface with on-chip spike detection for sensorimotor feedback

This paper presents a novel 32-channel bidirectional neural interface, capable of high voltage stimulation and low-power, low-noise neural recording. Current-controlled biphasic pulses are output with a voltage compliance of 9.25 V, user-configurable amplitude (max. 315 μA) & phase duration (max. 2 ms). The low-voltage recording amplifiers consume 23 μW per channel with programmable gain between 225–4725. Signals are 10-bit sampled at 16 kHz. Data rates are reduced by granular control of active recording channels, spike detection and event-driven communication, and repeatable multi-pulse stimulation configurations.
A Hybrid Parallel Genetic Algorithm with Dynamic Migration Strategy Based on Sunway Many-Core Processor

To speed up the execution of Genetic Algorithm when compute-intensive tasks are encountered, the Hybrid Parallel Genetic Algorithm with Dynamic Migration strategy (HPGA-DM) is designed and implemented on Sunway TaihuLight supercomputer which is ranked the first in the latest TOP500 list. Different from the traditional Genetic Algorithm implemented on single-core or multi-core cluster with single-level parallel architecture, the algorithm using two-level parallel architecture which combines with two different programming models: MPI and Athread, and is implemented on the Sunway Many-Core Processor. At the same time, a dynamic migration strategy is presented to improve the convergence speed of the algorithm. The experimental results show that HPGA-DM is 20.2 times faster than the single-level parallel algorithm, and obtains the 32.24 times slave-core speedup and 50.37% execution efficiency when the number of CPEs is 16*64.
A Revenue Incentive Model of Initial Allocation for Water Rights

In this paper a common model for initial allocation of water rights is investigated. Based on the market mechanism and centralized mechanism a revenue incentive model is developed for initial allocation of water rights. In the game government is leader and users are followers. The model is then solved by GA, and optimization solution is obtained. The result from the paper can be a contribution to providing a certain academic reference for initial allocation of water rights in our country
Controlled current source circuit (CCSC) for Reduction of output voltage overshoot in Buck converters

In this paper, an auxiliary circuit is presented to improve the dynamic response of a buck converter. Since it is well established that for typical voltage regulator applications, voltage overshoots (due to step-down load transients) are much larger than voltage undershoots (due to step-up load transients), the goal of the proposed method is to reduce the former. The circuit only functions during step-down load transients and operates by rapidly transferring excess load current from the output of the buck converter to its input. Unlike previous unloading auxiliary circuits, the proposed method uses a controlled current source circuit (CCSC) to remove a constant regulated current from the output. The CCSC has the following advantages over previous circuits: a) predictable behavior allowing for simplified design, b) inherent over-current protection, c) low peak current to average current ratio allowing for use of smaller components. Through selection of the auxiliary current, it is possible to obtain a balanced overshoot/undershoot response for a buck converter, significantly reducing the required output capacitance. In this paper, it is shown through analysis, simulation and experimental results that for a modest increase in component cost, a large reduction of voltage overshoot and output capacitor requirement can be realized.
A novel online adaptive fast simple state of charge estimation for Lithium Ion batteries

This paper proposes a novel simple adaptive and online approach to estimate the state of charge (SOC) in Lithium Ion (Li-Ion) batteries based on a new model parameter identification method. First, a novel discrete model for the Li-ion battery is developed. This model is the key step in the development of the proposed parameter estimation algorithm. The estimated parameters are used for on-line calculation of the battery's open circuit voltage (VOC) that is required for SOC estimation with no prior knowledge of battery parameters. The paper then proposes a moving window lease mean square approach to adaptively update the estimated parameters in a very fast and accurate manner. The SOC estimation will be updated at the end of every window cycle. The proposed method for SOC estimation provides a simple, fast, comprehensive, and precise estimation capable to track the changes of the model/battery parameters. Unlike other estimation strategies, only battery terminal voltage and current measurements are required.
Adaptive nonlocal means-regularized iterative image reconstruction for sparse-view CT

Low-dose X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging is desirable for various clinical applications due to the growing concerns about excessive radiation exposure to the patients. One strategy to achieve low-dose CT imaging is to lower the number of projection views per rotation during data acquisition. However, the resulting image by the conventional filtered back-projection method may suffer from view-aliasing artifacts due to insufficient angular sampling. In this work, we propose a nonlocal means (NLM)-regularized iterative reconstruction scheme for low-dose CT from sparse-view acquisitions. In order to improve the quality of reconstructed images, we further introduce spatial adaptivity to the NLM-based regularization by considering the local characteristics of images. The resulting approach is termed as adaptive NLM-regularized iterative image reconstruction. Experimental results demonstrated the feasibility of the presented reconstruction scheme for sparse-view CT and the superiority of incorporating the spatial adaptivity.
A simple switching loss model for buck voltage regulators with current source drive

A review of switching loss mechanisms for synchronous buck voltage regulators is presented. Following the review, a new simple analytical switching loss model is proposed for voltage regulators with current source drive. The model includes the impact of common source inductance and parasitic inductance on switching loss. It uses simple equations to calculate the rise and fall times and piecewise linear approximations of the MOSFET voltage and current waveforms to allow quick and accurate calculation of switching loss. Spice is used to demonstrate the accuracy of the model operating in a 1MHz synchronous buck voltage regulator at 12V input, 1.3V output. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed model.