nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
C++ Compiler Supports for Embedded Multicore DSP Systems

The development of embedded systems has moved toward multicore in recent years. As processor numbers continue growing in embedded multicore systems, how to provide efficient programming models and tailored compiler supports becomes a critical issue in developing embedded multicore applications. Though C still dominates embedded computing so far, C++ is gaining importance and popularity in DSP systems for its power and flexibility. In addition, current C++ compilers are able to produce efficient and compact code as C compilers. This increases the practical use of C++ technologies in embedded systems. In this paper, we address issues in supporting C++ compilers and present methods to leverage C++ in embedded multicore computing. Since embedded systems are usually limited by tight resource, code size issues are addressed when supporting C++ libraries. Code size of standard C++ library is analyzed and a library layering technique is provided to guide reasonable library use in embedded applications. Our methods to leverage C++ include enhancing programming models with high-level abstraction and incorporating the programming models with parallel patterns to simplify program parallelization. In our experiments, PAC multi-DSP systems, composed of one MPU and two VLIW DSPs, are used to evaluate the proposed methods. Parallelization results on stereo-vision and image-blurring applications are presented with key components of the systems, including SIMD and DMAs, incorporated to pursue maximal performance. The result shows our approaches with C++ compilers can deliver performance improvements of 61% and 174% for the stereo-vision and image-blurring applications, respectively.
A Nemerow Index and Vague Sets Integrated Water Quality Comprehensive Assessment Model

In order to represent fuzzy concept in water quality assessment, the Nemerow Pollution Index and Vague sets similarity measure formula were integrated together, consequently a new water quality comprehensive assessment model was formed. The new formed model can well express fuzzy concept in water quality assessment. Choosing water quality inspection data at Chengdu city's Fu Nan River as analysis sample, the model was tested. The test result reveals that the model can not only solve fuzzy problems in water quality assessment, but also remain the Nemerow Index formula's former advantages, for instance, sensitively reflecting high concentration pollutant's affects and carrying out water quality comprehensive assessment in simple and reasonable way. The new formed model is suitable to both usual assessment on water quality and quick assessment on water pollution accident.
An Algorithm for Trip Planning with Constraint of Transfer Connection in Urban Mass Transit Network

In large scale urban mass transit (UMT) network, different lines in a transfer station always stop at different time. Thus, in the time span of last trains running, passengers are easy to face a problem when transferring: the next line already stopped. This brings big inconvenience to passengers. A survey from 276 passengers in Beijing shows that 51 percent passengers have ever missed the last trains when transferring. As to solve this problem, we analyzed the factors which affect the transfer such as: the topology of UMT network, schedule, distribution of passengers' transfer time. Then we introduced an algorithm with the constraint of transfer connection. Experiments were conducted to validate this algorithm based on the real UMT network in Beijing China. The result shows that the algorithm is efficient to tackle this problem. With the development of the trip planning system based on this algorithm, it will make the late trip more convenient for passengers.
Genetic algorithm aided gray-APSK constellation optimization

The amplitude phase shift keying (APSK) constellation with Gray labeling (Gray-APSK) is able to achieve considerable shaping gains in comparison with the quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) counterpart under both iterative and non-iterative scenarios. Nevertheless, the Gray-APSK constellation with the fixed radius cannot provide the optimal performance for every code rate of practical usage. In this paper, we propose a method based on the genetic algorithm to optimize the parameters of Gray-APSK constellations by maximizing the mutual information for the targeted code rate. Certain performance gains can be achieved via optimizing the radius of the Gray-APSK, as verified by both the average mutual information (AMI) analysis and the error performance evaluation.
Fast Estimation of Relative Poses for 6-DOF Image Localization

The 6-DOF (Degrees Of Freedom) image localization, which aims to calculate the spatial position and rotation of a camera, is a challenging task for location-based services. In existing approaches, this problem is often tackled by finding the matches between 2D image points and 3D structure points so as to derive the location information using direct linear transformation (DLT). However, these approaches may fail to localize images when the 3D structure points are not available, especially for massive data. To address this problem, this paper presents a novel data-driven approach for 6-DOF image localization. In this approach, we propose to localize an image according to the position and rotation information of multiple similar images retrieved from a large reference dataset. From the reference images, a fast relative pose estimation algorithm is proposed to derive a set of candidate poses for the input image. Since each candidate pose actually encodes the relative rotation and direction of the input image with respect to a specific reference image, we can thus fuse all these candidate poses so that the 6-DOF location of the input image can be efficiently derived through least-square optimization. Experimental results show that our approach performs comparable with GPS devices in image localization. In addition, the proposed relative pose estimation algorithm is much faster than existing work.
Foreground segmentation for dynamic scenes with sudden illumination changes

Foreground segmentation is a very difficult task in dynamic background, which is common in real-world environments, caused by for example waving foliage, rippling water or illumination changes owing to light switching etc. A large number of methods for foreground segmentation in dynamic background have been proposed in the past decades, but most of them can only handle repetitive movements or gradual changes in background, and fail when sudden illumination changes occur. This study proposes a new method, which can deal with both repetitive movements and gradual/sudden illumination changes. The authors use a two-layer Gaussian mixture model to represent the background under different lighting conditions and formulate a joint posterior function of background state and segmentation based on the learned model. Given a new image, the background state and foreground segmentation are simultaneously optimised in a Bayesian perspective using a nested two-layer optimisation. The authors test their method on several image sequences and compare the results qualitatively and quantitatively with some state-of-the-art methods to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.
Analysis and Design of Three-Layer Perfect Metamaterial-Inspired Absorber Based on Double Split-Serration-Rings Structure

We systematically analyzed, designed, fabricated, and measured a three-layer perfect metamaterial-inspired absorber based on the double split-serration-rings (DSSRs) structure in this communication. The equivalent circuit model was presented to demonstrate the absorbing mechanism. The characters of polarized-insensitivity, wideband, and multiband absorption for the absorber were illuminated by the angular absorptions and surface current distributions. Transformation from wideband absorption with a relative bandwidth of 93.5% from 5.34 to 14.72 GHz, of which the absorptivity was larger than 90%, to multiband absorption was obtained by rotating DSSR-II of 90°. Two absorber prototypes with a thickness of 3.6 mm had been easily implemented using the common printed circuit board fabrication techniques and measured in a microwave anechoic chamber. Simulated and experimental results indicated that the perfect metamaterial-inspired absorber performed wideband and multiband absorption when DSSRs were perpendicular and parallel to each other, respectively.
Building Investment Strategy Portfolios by Combination Genetic Algorithms

The classical portfolio problem is a problem of distributing capital to a set of securities. By generalizing the set of securities to a set of investment strategies (or security-rule pairs), this study proposes an investment strategy portfolio problem, which becomes a problem of distributing capital to a set of investment strategies. Since the investment strategy portfolio problem can be formulated as a combination optimization problem, a new combination genetic algorithm is proposed for solving the new investment strategy portfolio problem. Experimental results show that the idea of investment strategy portfolios is feasible and the combination genetic algorithm is effective on the investment strategy portfolio problem.
Intelligent Viral Marketing Algorithm over Online Social Network

As the online social network become increasingly popular nowadays, performing viral marketing over it has become the focus of many marketing management. How to select a fixed number of initial users from the total population with the purpose of maximizing the profits has long been open as a typical discrete approximation problem. However most of the existing solutions under the setting of online social network tried to traverse every node using network properties which is time-consuming and ineffective. This paper attacks the problem successfully by implementing intelligent algorithms such as GA, DE, PSO. Considering of the huge search space, we sharply decrease the scalability of the network through analyzing the datasets and sampling the data according to a power law property. Experiment results showed that the model we designed for solving viral marketing problem outperform other current search methods.
Compact Microstrip UWB Bandpass Filter With Dual Notched Bands Using E-Shaped Resonator

A new microstrip ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) with two sharp notches using E-shaped resonator is proposed in this letter. The circuit topology and its corresponding electrical parameters of the initial microstrip UWB BPF are achieved by a variation of genetic algorithm (GA). Then, the resonance properties of the E-shaped resonator are studied. Results reveal that the multiple-mode property of the E-shaped resonator can be utilized in the UWB BPF design to achieve dual band-notched performance. To validate the design concept, a microstrip UWB BPF with two notched bands respectively centered at frequencies of 5.9 GHz and 8.0 GHz is designed and fabricated. Both simulation and experimental results are provided with good agreement.
Motion foreground detection based on wavelet transformation and color ratio difference

An algorithm is presented for detecting foreground objects with multi-scale wavelet transformation and color ratio difference. Multi-scale wavelet transformation method is used to segment moving objects based on spatial property. Ratio differences between two adjacent pixels in four different directions are used to classify object pixels. RGB color space is selected to segment moving foregrounds and eliminate cast shadows instead of complex color models. The developed approach does not require any complex supervised training phase, manual calibration or hypothesis in removing shadow. Experiments have highlighted that the proposal is efficient to segment foregrounds and suppress shadows.
Periodic adaptive identification and control for a class of discrete time-varying systems

In this paper, we present a discrete periodic adaptive control for systems with time-varying parametric uncertainties which are periodic, and the only priori is the periodicity. The new adaptive controller updates the parameters and the control signal periodically in a pointwise manner over one entire period, in the sequel achieves the asymptotic tracking convergence. A simulation example illustrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
A PIN Diode SiGe HBT Variable Gain Amplifier for WCDMA Applications

We report a novel PIN diode SiGe HBT variable gain amplifier (VGA) suited for the standard of WCDMA. The PIN diode which is employed in the feedback loop of the VGA play as a variable resistor to realize the gain control function. By adjusting the bias of the diode, the gain of the VGA can be changed. An inductor is utilized in the feedback loop to reduce the noise figure of the circuit. After matching the circuit, we get a variable gain amplifier with 21dB dynamic range, about 19dB maximum gain, and 2.6dB minimum noise figure. This work demonstrates a new method controlling the gain by adding a PIN diode in the feedback loop except changing the bias of the transistor.
On convergence of a BCLS algorithm for noisy autoregressive process estimation

The identification of AR processes whose measurement are corrupted by additive noise is considered. A bias compensated least squares (BCLS) algorithm is derived on the framework of solving nonlinear bias compensation equation (BCE). The framework is convenience for investigating the convergence property of the algorithm. Convergence analysis of the proposed algorithm is performed from the numerical analysis viewpoint. The algorithm is to find a fixed point of the BCE. By examination of the BCE and their Jacobian, a theoretical result is obtained to make clear that the relationship of convergence and the parameters of the AR process as well as the ratio of noise to signal. Based on the results of convergence analysis, it can be expected that more effective estimation algorithms are developed.
An Experiment Study on Level of Service for the Regional Road Traffic

Level of Service (LOS) of the regional road traffic can be considered as the quality which people will feel from the regional road conditions and traffic state, and can be described one kind of perception of the road user and traffic manager on the regional traffic. Based on this, a perceptual experiment is designed and a new experiment study method is proposed in this paper. Different regional traffic state graphs are made for different traffic conditions. And different kinds of people score and give the level of service for the regional traffic conditions by these e measure of regional LOS, which can be used as a criteria to evaluate the regional LOS.
Research of Analysis of User Behavior Based on Web Log

This paper first introduces the theory and knowledge related to Web logs, and then introduces a Web log mining process. As to this article is based on Web log processing, we draw valid user data according to a specific website users' access data through the preprocessing, and then research and analyze the users behaviors. The work can provide a theoretical basis for the management and optimization of the site for site managers. Experiments have showed that the work is effective.
On study of hazards in tourism mountainous regions and their relative prevention

China is a mountainous country. According to the statistics, areas with an elevation of more than 500 meters account for 74.8% of the total land area in China. They are mainly mountains, hills and plateaus, namely mountains in a broad sense, which account for 69% nationwide. Mountain tourism resource is an important part of natural tourism resources in China. Our country now boasts 208 key national scenic spots. Among them, there are 140 places that take mountain tourism resources as the principal part, accounting for 67% of the total. A majority of the remaining places are also located in the mountainous areas. Mountain landslides, debris, collapse, earthquake, fire hazards, floods, air pollution and other natural disasters pose a great harm on the development of mountain tourism. They not only endanger the safety of tourists and tourist facilities, but also severely weaken the attraction of mountain tourism products to tourists through the incomplete information of disasters. Today, with the sustained and rapid development of tourism industry, it is quite necessary to strengthen the study of tourism mountain hazards.
An inventory model with trapezoidal type demand and deteriorating items for instant customization

The inventory model for deteriorating items with general trapezoidal type demand rate and partial backlogging rate is investigated in this paper. The deteriorating rate is a generous positive time-varying Weibull function, and the demand rate is a general trapezoidal type function. In this model, we allow the product out of stock. Assume that production function is a linear function of inventory level function and demand rate function. Derive the mathematical expression of the optimal order quantity and the corresponding inventory costs, under the conditions of minimum cost, which is so-called optimal inventory principal of the production inventory. By a related example confirms the effectiveness of inventory policy.
Binocular stereo vision calibration experiment based on essential matrix

Binocular stereo vision calibration is a hot research issue in the field of computer vision. In this paper, by means of 2D planar checkerboard calibration plate, essential matrix combined with calibration method of Zhang Zhengyou is used for a stereo vision calibration experiment. Firstly, corners of checkerboard is extracted by Harris algorithm. Calibration method of Zhang Zhengyou is used to calculate internal parameters based on corners. Secondly, features are extracted between image pairs. Finally, external parameter of camera is calibrated by essential matrix. Experimental results show that the method is effective and it can be used for binocular stereo vision calibration.
Design and realization of a novel helical coil electromagnetic launcher

Helical coil electromagnetic launchers (HEML) using rail-fed strategy, local excitation and single-turn commutation, solve the problem of synchronization control perfectly. Through the simulation a novel helical coil launcher has been designed adopting the basic HEML's structure. A D-shaped cross-section armature has been proposed in order to achieve the maximum projectile velocity. The energizing length of the driving coil as well as the armature position of the maximum force has been determined. The maximum driving force on the armature increases with the increasing coil axial length, and the armature acceleration reaches its maximum value when the ratio of axial to radial length of the coil is 1:2. The force distribution of the armature and driving coils has been analyzed. Theoretical analysis and experiments show that the reluctance armature can obtain larger thrust under low current condition, but the coil armature is better in the case of high current while the ferromagnetic material is saturated.
Arch Suspender Dynamic Response Analysis Based on Support Spring Model

That recent years in China found a spate of 6 accidents of bridge collapse due to failure of suspenders arouses reflection of the industry. But the existing suspender models in researches are either too simple and rough or too complicated and inefficient. This paper therefore presents a support spring model based on a real bridge. The model is then applied to an actual bridge to analyze the impact of dynamic action at passage of live vehicles on suspenders.
Notice of RetractionThe basic structure of Planar Five-bar Mechanism and its degeneration mechanism

This thesis first illustrates the type Synthesis of the Planar Five-bar Mechanism, on the basis of which a transformation is made according to the principle that revolute pair can be replaced by sliding pair, thus getting the type applying to all the structures of five-bar mechanism and then determining the basic principle to substitute the revolute pair with the sliding pair. It also points out the movement degeneration of some mechanisms and applying fields of different types of five-bar mechanism.
Application of Attribute Recognition Theoretical Model on Dam Severity Evaluation

In China, there are thousands of dangerous dams with different deficiencies which are still posing serious threats to downstream public. Facing contradictions between limited resources and large number of dangerous dams to be reinforced, and the need to find out a proper method which can be applied to evaluate the severity of those dams is becoming more and more urgent. Since appraising the severity of dangerous dam is an issue of multi-attributes recognition, a multi-attributes index system based on available dam safety appraisal technology is built, and then Attribute Recognition Theory (ART) is applied to build up an Attribute Recognition Theoretical Model on Dam Severity Evaluation (ARTMDSE) to evaluate the severity of dangerous dams. ARTMDSA is applied on a group of 7 dams and the process and framework of it are introduced. Results of case study show that: first, the method is easy to operate; secondly, evaluation model is available for describing and measuring the severity of every dangerous dam within a group of dams. The results can be taken as technical basis for safety management of a group of dams, especially can be used to determine the sequence of rehabilitation program for dangerous dams.
Cavity-Backed Circularly Polarized Dual-Loop Antenna With Wide Tunable Range

A wide-band cavity-backed dual-loop antenna for circularly polarized (CP) applications is proposed in this paper. It is differentially fed by a parallel strip line, via a transition from a microstrip line. The operating frequency band of the antenna can be tuned from 2.07 to 2.98 GHz by changing a capacitor's value in a simple matching circuit, and the bandwidth of each operating band for |S11| les -10 dB is in a range of 2.6%-4.9%. Measurements and simulations reveal that the proposed antenna features total dimensions of 1.03lambda0 in diameter and 0.26lambda0 in height (lambda0 is the free-space wavelength at the center frequency of the tunable range), AR les 3 dB and stable radiation patterns with small cross polarizations over the whole tunable frequency range.
Numerical calculation of stator temperature for induction motor with non-sinusoidal supply

With induction motor capacity and electromagnetic loads increasing, the reliability of motors greatly relies on heat transfer capability of the cooling system, which is of particularly significance for electromagnetic design and optimization. To get a more detailed and accurate stator temperature distribution of an induction motor with non-sinusoidal supply, a three-dimensional mathematical model of the stator is established. The calculated results of the stator temperature distribution by the finite element method are obtained, which are verified by the experimental results. The analysis process shows that there is little difference for temperature calculation of the induction motor with between sinusoidal supply and non-sinusoidal supply.