nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A kind of bidirectional mapping strategy of heterogeneous data model based on metadata-driven

This paper focuses on the research of the mapping between heterogeneous data models. And using ETL framework as references, it designs a bidirectional mapping strategy combining heterogeneous data model data mapping, conversion and loading. It analyzes and defines the mapping relations and mapping rules among the data models. Based on the metadata driven theory method, it designs the data mapping element model, and classifies the mapping relations to simple mapping and compound mapping according to the different complexities, with clearly giving the classification principle. This article also describes the bidirectional mapping relations, and analyzes the problems occurring in the bidirectional mapping.
EPICS at Duke University

Since the last Particle Accelerator Conference, the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) has been utilized for control system development and implementation on several accelerators that have recently been commissioned at the Free Electron Laser Laboratory which is operated under the auspices of the Physics Department at Duke University. The historic Mark III infrared free electron laser formerly located at Stanford University, a recently designed and constructed 280 MeV electron linear accelerator and a 1 GeV storage ring synchrotron are now operating under EPICS control. Commissioning of the new injection linac and the storage ring has gone extremely well. The authors feel that through the employment of a standard controls development environment such as EPICS, considerable amounts of resources, both financial and human, have been saved. The authors note generally positive experiences with EPICS. The highlights of these experiences, as well as some suggestions for future improvements are presented in the body of this report.
Trajectory planning of a one-legged robot performing stable hop

In this paper, stable hopping of a one-legged, articulated robot with a flat foot is investigated. The robot has a special feature that before taking off, it goes through an underactuated phase in which the foot rotates about the unactuated toe on the ground. By having the underactuated phase, the robot can perform stable human-like hops with longer hopping distances. To devise a systematic trajectory design methodology for the robot, its dynamics including the ground-foot impact and the hopping constraints are carefully studied. An optimization procedure is then proposed to plan the feasible actuated trajectories which not only meet specific performance requirements but also attain certain optimality with respect to actuation energy. The hopping strategy and the optimal trajectories are verified by simulations and hardware implementation. Experiments indicate that the robot not only can stably perform hops with different hopping distances on the level ground but also can successfully hop up/down staircases.
Design of interactive cancer education technology for Latina farmworkers

Latinas in the United States experience higher levels of cervical cancer (CC) incidence and mortality rates than the general population, and many lack access to healthcare or face communication, literacy, and knowledge barriers preventing proper CC screening. Interactive technological interventions, like embodied conversational agents (ECA)/virtual agents, are currently used in other populations, settings, and for other health topics, however, no known initiative has used culturally- and literacy-appropriate technological interventions to deliver Spanish-language CC education. This study aims to create a culturally tailored Spanish-language Virtual Patient Educator (VPE) application to augment a patient navigator (PN) intervention for increasing CC screening rates among Hispanic women in a rural agricultural community. The VPE is a computer character that can simulate face-to-face conversation with an actual person and will embody the characteristics of a PN. Through iterative interviews with the target population, key cultural design factors were identified to inform the design and implementation of a prototype VPE. This paper discusses design and usability issues associated with development of the VPE for low-literacy users in addition to a framework methodology for development of similar tools and a cultural matrix of design factors. A VPE might help close the knowledge gap between Hispanic women and the general population regarding cervical cancer screening. Incorporation of culturally tailored features in technology aids in increasing overall understanding and trust of health information presented. An iterative approach that engages the patient population in design of technology is important to identify population-specific patient preferences.
Amending schedule-cost coefficient correlation based on historical statistics

The schedule-cost correlation coefficient is usually estimated by experts in the spaceflight project management practice. This paper deduced the schedule distribution model considering the effect of the cost uncertainty. And then theoretically analyzed and demonstrated how to amend the schedule-cost correlation coefficient according to the historical statistics based on the conditional probability distribution functions between the schedule and the cost. A general rule was put forward to ascertain the value of the schedule-cost correlation coefficient. This method was proved in analytical method. This work can correct the traditional subjective estimation method just according to the experts' experiences and expertise.
Channel Adaptive One Hop Broadcasting for VANETs

One-hop broadcasting is the predominate form of network traffic in VANETs. Exchanging status information by broadcasting among the vehicles enhances vehicular active safety. Since there is no MAC layer broadcasting recovery for 802.11 based VANETs, efforts should be made towards more robust and effective transmission of such safety-related information. In this paper, a channel adaptive broadcasting method is proposed. It relies solely on channel condition information available at each vehicle by employing standard supported sequence number mechanisms. The proposed method is fully compatible with 802.11 and introduces no communication overhead. Simulation studies show that it outperforms standard broadcasting in term of reception rate and channel utilization.
Gesture-Based Learning for Preschooler: A Case Study of Teaching English Alphabet and Body Parts Vocabulary

English is a world recognized global language. Different methods used in teaching and learning English is widely discussed and researched in the education field. Due to the language's importance, the learning age of English is beginning at a younger age in Taiwan, some even started from toddlers. In our study, we are exploring the effects of preschoolers learning English using a gesture-based system compared to learning English using word cards. The system is designed to enhance and improve the preschooler's learning performance of the language. Our target subjects do not have basic knowledge of the language. The results of the study showed that there are no significant difference between the two learning groups. However, it was found that the participant's age and those having past experience of using gesture-based systems had shown to have significant effect on their learning performance. The limitation and future study of this study is also discussed.
Order determination and sparsity-regularized metric learning adaptive visual tracking

Recent attempts of integrating metric learning in visual tracking have produced encouraging results. Instead of using fixed and pre-specified metric in visual appearance matching, these methods are able to learn and adjust the metric adaptively by finding the best projection of the feature space. Such learned metric is by design the best to discriminate the target of interest and its distracters from the background. However, an important issue remained unaddressed is how we can determine the optimal dimensionality of the projection to achieve best discrimination. Using inappropriate dimensions for the projection is likely to result in larger classification error, or higher computational costs and over-fitting. This paper presents a novel solution to this structural order determination problem, by introducing sparsity regularization for metric learning (or SRML). This regularization leads to the lowest possible dimensionality of the projection and thus determining the best order. This can actually be viewed as the minimum description length regularization in metric learning. The experiments validate this new approach on standard benchmark datasets, and demonstrate its effectiveness in visual tracking applications.
Risk evaluation using evidence reasoning theory

The evidence reasoning theory can generally represent uncertainty associated with propositions and datum and clearly distinguishes probability uncertainty caused by information deficiency from unknown caused by zero information. This paper proposed the conception of the risk basic strength assignment and built the general method and model of risk evaluation based on the evidence reasoning theory. This method permits experts to evaluate the risk event completely on their own professional experiences and knowledge independently. The new risk integrated basic strength assignment and the new risk factors integrated basic belief assignment generated by the Dempster-Shafer rule of combination both synthesize several experts' free judgments and reserve experts' characteristic cognition at the same time. Thus, experts are released from the traditional evaluation method which restricts them to assign probability to certain risk factors under certain risk occurring model. By this method we can get the integrated representation of the experts' knowledge and extract the experts' knowledge accurately.
Status of the booster synchrotron for Duke FEL storage ring

In this paper we present current status of the Booster Synchrotron for the Duke FEL storage ring. The Booster which is recently under design, fabrication and construction, will provide full energy injection into the storage ring at energy from 0.3 to 1.2 GeV. The Duke storage ring FEL (SR FEL) operates in lasing mode with 193-700 nm wavelength range. The geometry of the Duke SR FEL provides for interacting head-on collision of e-beam and FEL photons. This mode of operation is used to generate intense beams of /spl gamma/-rays from 2 MeV to about 200 MeV (currently from 2 MeV to 58 MeV). Generation of /spl gamma/-rays with energy exceeding 20 MeV causes the loss of electrons, which will be replaced by injection from the Booster operating in a top-off mode. The paper presents design and status for elements of magnetic system and vacuum system, as well as design and parameters of fast extraction kicker with 11 nS pulse duration. All these element are designed and will be fabricated by Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia.
Pluggable RFID components and a Lightweight RFID System based on OSGi

We propose a new idea for pluggable RFID components and a lightweight RFID system to serve as an infrastructure for home services. The platform is based on OSGi (open service gateway initiatives). By the proposed architecture, RFID services (applications) can be encapsulated into bundles of OSGi and downloaded to any OSGi environment. Therefore, this architecture provides a common service environment which can be configured to have a variety of RFID readers, tag filters, databases, encapsulated as pluggable components, working together. The system can be setup flexibly and rapidly. The design and implementation of a prototype RFID system is also presented.
Modeling Method of SC and MRC in Correlated Rayleigh Fading Channel

A simulation model of maximal ratio combining (MRC) and selective combining (SC) in correlated Rayleigh fading channels was established, and the probability and bit error rate performances of MRC and SC in correlated Rayleigh fading channels were analyzed theoretically in this paper. Three aspects of mean, self-correlation function and density function of envelope are discussed, and the corresponding distributing behaviors of random envelope of troposcatter channel are gotten. Result shows that the introduced model can accord with actual channel behaviors by comparing with the reference model. On the basis of channel model, the correlated channel modeling of MRC and SC are established, the bit error rate expression of MRC and SC combing with k-branch diversity are deduced fast in correlated channel, and the bit error rate formula of 2-branch correlated channel MRC and SC are given by complementary error functions. By behaviors simulation of the probability and bit error rate of SC and MRC in different correlation coefficients, the results show that the introduced method is feasible and efficient, and it can evaluate the performance of diversity reception system fast.
Challenges for energy ramping in a compact booster synchrotron

A booster synchrotron has been recently commissioned at Duke University FEL Laboratory as a part of the High Intensity Gamma-ray Source (HIGS) facility. The booster provides top-off injection into the storage ring in the energy range of 0.24-1.2 GeV. In order to minimize the cost of the project, the booster is designed with a very compact footprint. As a result, unconventionally high field bending magnets at 1.76 T are required. A main ramping power supply drives all dipoles and quadrupoles. Quadrupole trims are used to compensate for tune changes caused by the change of relative focusing strength during ramping. Sextupoles compensate for chromatic effects caused by dipole magnet pole saturation. All these compensations have to be performed as a function of beam energy. Above 1.1 GeV, where the magnets are heavily saturated, the reduction of dynamic aperture is compensated by redistribution of strength among the sextupole families. With these compensations, effects of the magnet saturation do not cause any considerable beam loss during injection, energy ramping, and extraction.
Improving targeting of ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier opening using chirp and random-based modulations

Beam distortions of focused ultrasound (FUS) caused by skull may compromise accurate targeting of transcranial therapeutic ultrasound applications. Although, the efficacy of the random and chirp modulations in improving targeting have been proven in simulations, ex-vivo and in phantom studies, many other parameters that can be observed in vivo are disregarded such as the heterogeneity of the soft tissue, the variability of the drug uptake and clearance among subjects. In this study, the capability of the chirp- and random-based coded ultrasonic excitation in improving the targeting is investigated using a FUS-mediated blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening protocol in mice. The coded ultrasonic excitation signals were generated with frequency bandwidth: 1.5-1.9 MHz, pressure: 0.52 MPa, and duration: 30 s. Fifteen mice were divided in three groups (n=5 each). One group was sonicated in the right caudate putamen with chirp-based signal (frequency varying linearly), the other group was sonicated with random-based coded signal (randomly varying frequency) and they were compared with a third group sonicated with standard mono-frequency ultrasound (1.5 MHz, 0.52 MPa, burst duration: 20 ms, total duration: 5 min). The mean BBB opening volumes assessed by contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging were 9.38 ± 5.71 mm3, 8.91 ± 3.91 mm3 and 35.47 ± 5.10 mm3 for the chirp, random and standard sonication, respectively. The mean cavitation levels assessed by passive cavitation detection were 55.40 ± 28.43 V.s, 63.87 ± 29.97 V.s and 356.52 ± 257.15 V.s for the same groups. The coded excitation methods improved the targeting precision, generating lower cavitation levels and more confined opening volumes than the conventional sonication. The coded excitation methods may thus enable more precise drug delivery and it may benefit other FUS applications that use higher-pressure levels and require precision to ablate or stimulate the targeted region.
A design of infrared finger vein image acquisition terminal

This paper presents an infrared finger vein image acquisition terminal design method. The design contains the optical, mechanical and electrical models, which is convenient for the users to capture their infrared finger vein images. The optical model is consisted of the infrared light source, infrared sensor, lens and filter. The mechanical model is the acquisition device model. And the electrical model is composed of the driver of light source, the sensor control and the communication interface. The proposed acquisition terminal can be connected to a PC for capturing a finger vein image on line.
Initial application of a dual-sweep streak camera to the Duke storage ring OK-4 source

The visible and UV spontaneous emission radiation (SER) from the Duke OK-4 wiggler has been used with a Hamamatsu C5680 dual-sweep streak camera to characterize the stored electron beams. Particle beam energies of 270 and 500 MeV in the Duke storage ring were used in this initial application with the OK-4 adjusted to generate wavelengths from 500 nm to near 200 nm. The OK-4 magnetic system with its 68 periods provided a much stronger radiation source than a nearby bending magnet source point. Sensitivity to single-bunch, single-turn SER was shown down to 4 /spl mu/A beam current at /spl lambda/=450 nm. The capability of seeing second passes in the FEL resonator at a wavelength near 200 nm was used to assess the cavity length versus orbit length. These tests (besides supporting preparation for UV-visible SR FEL startups) are also relevant to possible diagnostics techniques for single-pass FEL prototype facilities.
Implementation and control for an MDOF cable-suspended parallel robot

In this work, a multi-degrees-of-freedom (MDOF) cable-suspended robot that can perform pick-up-and-place tasks in large workspaces with weighty loads is designed. The proposed cable-suspended parallel robot comprises a rigid frame and an end-effector that is suspended from eight cables — four upper cables and four lower cables. The lengths of the cables are computed from the given positions of the suspended end-effector using a kinematic model. However, most multicable-driven robots struggle with interference among the cables, requiring a complicated control methodology to find a target goal. Owing to this issue with cable-driven parallel robots, the whole control structure decomposes positioning control missions and allocates them into upper- and lower- level. The upper-control is responsible for tracking the suspended endeffector to the target region. The lower-level control makes fine positional modifications. Experimental results demonstrate that the hybrid control mode significantly improves positioning performance. The broad variety of issues that are presented in this work apply to aerostats, towing cranes, locomotion interfaces, and large-scale manufacturing that require cable- suspended parallel robots.
A Computing Mode Suitable for Medium and Small-Sized Enterprises Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is a development and integration result of distributed processing, parallel processing and grid computing technologies. It helps the enterprise switch the resources according to the applications, accesses computer and storage systems according to the demand. And it provides a new computing model for enterprise informatization. This paper introduces items realted to cloud computing: the concept, the theory, cloud level, the main form, the security analysis, as well as cloud storage.
Image spam hunter

Spammers are constantly creating sophisticated new weapons in their arms race with anti-spam technology, the latest of which is image-based spam. The newest image-based spam uses simple image processing technologies to vary the content of individual messages, e.g. by changing foreground colors, backgrounds, font types, or even rotating and adding artifacts to the images. Thus, they pose great challenges to conventional spam filters. In this paper, we propose a system using a probabilistic boosting tree to determine whether an incoming image is a spam or not based on global image features, i.e. color and gradient orientation histograms. The system identifies spam without the need for OCR and is robust in the face of the kinds of variation found in current spam images. Evaluation results show the system correctly classifies 90% of spam images while mislabeling only 0.86% of non-spam images as spam.
Study of reliability and accelerated life test of electric drive system

Reliability is defined as the probability that an item can perform is intended function for a specified interval under stated conditions. This paper researches on the reliability and accelerated life test of electric drive system of Electric Vehicle. It provides three different cases of accelerated life testing, and builds the fault tree through analyzing the construction and failure mechanism of the electric drive system. It presents the reliable model of weakness factors in electric drive system through reliability assessment using simulation software. And it confirms the influence factors about the reliability for electric drive system.
Electrical impedance microchip using microelectrodes

Taking advantage of MEMS (micro electromechanical system) techniques, a microfabricated electrical impedance (EI) chip with microelectrodes was designed and fabricated. The microchip with Ti/Pt/Au detection microelectrodes and Su-8 sample reservoir was realized form glass substrate. The completed micro-electric impedance devices were characterized with NaCl solutions, cell culture solution RPMI1640 and K562 leucocythemica lymphocyte solution over the frequency range of 1 K Hz to 51 KHz. Impedance spectra from 10 Hz to 50 KHz measured in hela cells and transfected hela cells were distinct and demonstrated the ability to be beneficial in evaluating the cell transfection process, which gives an potential application field of electrical impedance microchip.
Removing partial blur in a single image

Removing image partial blur is of great practical importance. However, as existing recovery techniques usually assume a one-layer clear image model, they can not characterize the actual generation process of partial blurs. In this paper, a two-layer image model is investigated. Based on the study of partial blur generation process, a novel recovery technique is proposed for a single input image. Both foreground and background layers are recovered simultaneously with the help of the matting technique, powerful image prior models, and user assistance. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by extensive experiments on image recovery and synthesis on real data.
Music emotions recognition by cognitive classification methodologies

Music emotions recognition (MER) is a challenging field of studies addressed in multiple disciplines such as musicology, cognitive science, physiology, psychology, arts and affective computing. In this paper, music emotions are classified into four types known as those of pleasing, angry, sad and relaxing. MER is formulated as a classification problem in cognitive computing where 548 dimensions of music features are extracted and modeled. A comprehensive set of classification algorithms are explored and comparatively studied for MER including Support Vector Machine (SVM), k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Neuro-Fuzzy Networks Classification (NFNC), Fuzzy KNN (FKNN), Bayes classifier and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). Experimental results show that the SVM, FKNN and LDA algorithms are the most effective methodologies which obtain more than 80% accuracy for MER in performance.