nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Power management of a 10-thruster ROV using an auto-configurable algorithm

This paper discusses a novel approach to utilizing extra thrusters for additional vertical lift for an ROV. The approach uses an auto-configurable algorithm which enables the operator to switch between the standard configuration and the enhanced-lift configuration, without changing the power supply for the vehicle. The results of a modified bollard pull test and a weight lift experiment illustrating the performance of the new configuration are also presented.  1 shows the ROV with the added thrusters.
Performance Analysis of Contention Based Medium Access Control Protocols

This paper studies the performance of contention based medium access control (MAC) protocols. In particular, a simple and accurate technique for estimating the throughput of the IEEE 802.11 DCF protocol is developed. The technique is based on a rigorous analysis of the Markov chain that corresponds to the time evolution of the back-off processes at the contending nodes. An extension of the technique is presented to handle the case where service differentiation is provided with the use of heterogeneous protocol parameters, as, for example, in  Our results provide new insights into the operation of such protocols. The techniques developed in the paper are applicable to a wide variety of contention based MAC protocols.
New trends in bio-nanorobotics usin virtually reality technologies

The scientific community has been working in the field of VR for some years now, having recognized it as a very powerful human computer interface. Although many of the described technologies have been developed into more or less mature products for robots acting in the macro-world, the nano-size of the robots poses extreme challenges and requires a complete rethinking of the visual and haptic perception of nanoworld. Using simulated nanoenvironments in VR, the operator can design and characterize through physical simulation the behavior of nano and bionanorobots. Adding haptic interaction, the operator can explore and prevent the problems of nano and bionano robots in their native environment. This article describes some of the emerging applications of VR currently underway in the field of bio-nanorobotics
AdaScan: Adaptive Scan Pooling in Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Human Action Recognition in Videos

We propose a novel method for temporally pooling frames in a video for the task of human action recognition. The method is motivated by the observation that there are only a small number of frames which, together, contain sufficient information to discriminate an action class present in a video, from the rest. The proposed method learns to pool such discriminative and informative frames, while discarding a majority of the non-informative frames in a single temporal scan of the video. Our algorithm does so by continuously predicting the discriminative importance of each video frame and subsequently pooling them in a deep learning framework. We show the effectiveness of our proposed pooling method on standard benchmarks where it consistently improves on baseline pooling methods, with both RGB and optical flow based Convolutional networks. Further, in combination with complementary video representations, we show results that are competitive with respect to the state-of-the-art results on two challenging and publicly available benchmark datasets.
Wireless charging system using resonant coupling

Wireless power transfer is technique using which electrical power can be transferred without any physical contact between the source and the load. This paper proposes a simple, economical and efficient technique for wireless power transfer. Two different techniques available for wireless transmission of electricity and the need for a wireless system of energy transmission are discussed in this paper. The chief concern here is to transfer the power wirelessly without any adverse effect on environment and humans. The basis of this technology is to use magnetic resonance for transmitting the power wirelessly. The operating frequency of coil is up to 60 kHz in a short distance range. A Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) circuit is used to achieve maximum power transfer. The new applications of wireless power transfer technology (WPTT) are also enumerated in this paper.
Health Monitoring and Management Using Internet-of-Things (IoT) Sensing with Cloud-Based Processing: Opportunities and Challenges

Among the panoply of applications enabled by the Internet of Things (IoT), smart and connected health care is a particularly important one. Networked sensors, either worn on the body or embedded in our living environments, make possible the gathering of rich information indicative of our physical and mental health. Captured on a continual basis, aggregated, and effectively mined, such information can bring about a positive transformative change in the health care landscape. In particular, the availability of data at hitherto unimagined scales and temporal longitudes coupled with a new generation of intelligent processing algorithms can: (a) facilitate an evolution in the practice of medicine, from the current post facto diagnose-and-treat reactive paradigm, to a proactive framework for prognosis of diseases at an incipient stage, coupled with prevention, cure, and overall management of health instead of disease, (b) enable personalization of treatment and management options targeted particularly to the specific circumstances and needs of the individual, and (c) help reduce the cost of health care while simultaneously improving outcomes. In this paper, we highlight the opportunities and challenges for IoT in realizing this vision of the future of health care.
Total least square techniques in color printer characterization

The Neugebauer model is a powerful tool in obtaining end-to-end device characterization profiles for halftone color printer calibration. In this paper, we propose total least square (TLS) regression methods to estimate the parameters of Neugebauer models. Compared to the traditional least squares (LS) based methods, the TLS approach is a physically more appropriate procedure, because it accounts for errors in the measured reflectance of both the selected primaries and the modeled reflectance. The proposed TLS techniques are tested on a Xerox color printer with rotated halftone screen, and the results are compared with the LS based algorithms. Our experiments indicate that the TLS methods yield a significant improvement over the LS based techniques for model parameter estimation.
Computational and experimental study of deflected nose of missile at subsonic speed

Increased demand in the performance of missiles has led to extensive research in the field of slender body aerodynamics techniques for missile control. The major characteristics of a missile are its range and maneuverability. Usually, maneuvering is done by the deflection of a set of control surfaces attached to the body, most common are canard control, wing control and tail control. Deflected nose is an alternative to canard wing control with advantages regarding downwash. Deflection in nose also causes the generation of the vortices at the end of the missile. These vortices cause a significant amount of effect over the force generation in the missile. This report includes the computational and experimental study of a deflected nose missile at subsonic speed and in comparison with the normal missile. In this report we are only studying missile with deflected nose. The research was done at various angles of nose deflection and at different angles of attack at subsonic speed for quantitative and qualitative study to understand the effect precisely. The computation was carried out in Fluent using unsteady laminar flow and design was created in Auto-CAD and Gambit. Results consist of lift, moment, pressure magnitude and vorticity contours over the missile of many nose deflection configurations and angles of attack. Results depict good effects of deflected nose over the missile in comparison to the missile without any nose deflection in terms of force and momentum generation. All the experiments and computations have been performed at subsonic speeds. The overall study reflects good explanation for the aerodynamics flow phenomena over the missile with deflected nose. These studies show as high a moment generated over the missile when compared to canard control. The deflected nose also produces less or no downwash on the sides which effects over the wing or any other control surface. The vorticity contour shows good results.
Embedded wafer level packages with laterally placed and vertically stacked thin dies

Two embedded micro wafer level packages (EMWLP) with (1) laterally placed and (2) vertically stacked thin dies are designed and developed. 3D stacking of thin dies is illustrated as progressive miniaturization driver for multi-chip EMWLP. Both the developed packages have dimensions of 10mm × 10mm × 0.4mm and solder ball pitch of 0.4mm. As part of the work several key processes like thin die stacking, 8 inch wafer encapsulation using compression molding, low temperature dielectric with processing temperature less than 200 °C have been developed. The developed EMWLP components successfully pass 1000 air to air thermal cycling (−40 to 125 °C), unbiased highly accelerated stress testing (HAST) and moisture sensitivity level (MSL3) tests. Developed EMWLP also show good board level TC (≫ 1000 cycles) and drop test reliability results. Integration of thin film passives like inductors and capacitors are also demonstrated on EMWLP platform. Developed thin film passives show a higher Q factor when compared to passives on high resistivity silicon platform. Thermo-mechanical simulation studies on developed EMWLP demonstrate that systemic control over die, RDL and package thicknesses can lead to designs with improved mechanical reliability.
Low temperature dielectric material for embedded micro wafer level packaging

In this paper, we have developed the evaluation results of low cure temperature (less than 200 deg C) dielectric materials in terms of process ability and adhesion on SiN and mold compound substrates. The results showed that the low cure temperature dielectric materials have good adhesion on SiN and mold compound substrate. Integration of thin film passives like inductors, capacitors and band pass filters are also demonstrated on this mold compound wafer platform using electroplated Cu and low cure temperature dielectric material. Developed thin film passives on mold compound wafer platform have significantly improved the passives performances that are benchmarked against high resistivity silicon wafer (HiRSi). Reliability test vehicles are fabricated using Cu RDL, low cure temperature dielectric material and electroplated Cu UBM with SAC solder bump interconnects. A complete description of dielectric material evaluation for EMWLP, process development of thin film passive fabrication and multi-layer RDL integration on reconstructed mold compound wafer has been discussed.
Bag-of-features kernel eigen spaces for classification

We present a classifier unifying local features based representation and subspace based learning. We also propose a novel method to merge kernel eigen spaces (KES) in feature space. Subspace methods have traditionally been used with the full appearance of the image. Recently local features based bag-of-features (BoF) representation has performed impressively on classification tasks. We use KES with BoF vectors to construct class specific subspaces and use the distance of a query vector from the database KESs as the classification criteria. The use of local features makes our approach invariant to illumination, rotation, scale, small affine transformation and partial occlusions. The system allows hierarchy by merging the KES in the feature space. The classifier performs competitively on the challenging Caltech-101 dataset under normal and simulated occlusion conditions. We show hierarchy on a dataset of videos collected over the internet.
A Case for Hybrid Sensor Networks

In this paper, we investigate the use of limited infrastructure, in the form of wires, for improving the energy efficiency of a wireless sensor network. We call such a sensor network - a wireless sensor network with a limited infrastructural support - a hybrid sensor network. The wires act as short cuts to bring down the average hop count of the network, resulting in a reduced energy dissipation per node. Our results indicate that adding a few wires to a wireless sensor network can not only reduce the average energy expenditure per sensor node, but also the non-uniformity in the energy expenditure across the sensor nodes.
A dynamic voltage restorer based on voltage balanced back-to-back stacked multicell converter with equal voltage sources

Voltage sags and swells are one of the major power quality problems in distributed system. This paper presents a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) based on the voltage-balanced back-to-back stacked multicell converter (B2B-SMC) with equal voltage sources topology, is easy to implement, and can be easily extended for the increased number of levels. The advantages of the B2B-SMC over flying capacitor multilevel converter (FCC) and stacked multicell converter (SMC) are increased number of levels in the output voltage, low voltage total harmonic distortion (THD), lower switching losses, and reduced filter requirement. The B2B-SMC consists of two conventional stacked multicell converter (SMC), which are connected back-to-back using two low-switching frequency switches. Simulation results of a DVR based on the 17-level voltage balanced B2B-SMC are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed DVR topology.
Performance analysis of current starved VCO in 180nm

This paper depicts a comparative study of different topologies of Current Starved Voltage Controlled Oscillator (CSVCO) of (3-stage, 5-stage and 7-stage) on the basis of power dissipation, phase noise and centre frequency parameters with the variation in number of inverter stages. This comparative analysis observe that the power dissipation can be reduced up to 28.53% for 3-stage topology w.r.t. 5-stage topology and can be reduced up-to 36.89% w.r.t. 7-stage topology of VCO. In such context a design methodology for robust and optimal current starved VCO is implemented. The circuit performance is validated using 0.18μm CMOS Technology.
Characterization of protein based spring-like elastic joints for biorobotic applications

This paper presents a molecular mechanics study using a molecular dynamics software (NAMD) for characterization of molecular elastic joints for bio nanorobotic prototyping. Simple protein-like elastic joints elements for structural links have been carefully studied and simulated to understand the functional limits of each one of them: fibronectin, titin, deca-alanine, fibrillin, Rop and double-helical DNA molecules. We simulated the restoring forces involved under various external mechanical stress to predict the type of force spectra, reversibility, degrees of freedom and irreversible work that may be expected from single-molecule protein manipulation experiments. Their use as elementary molecular components for bio-nanorobotic structures are also simulated and the results discussed
Restoration of uncertain blurs using an error in variables criterion

In image-restoration problems involving a known blur, set-theoretic estimation provides an effective framework for incorporation of both noise statistics and a priori information. However, the sets formulated for use with known blurs are not suitable for situations involving unknown stochastic blurs. In this paper, new sets based on an error in variables criterion are developed, which are more appropriate for restoration of uncertain blurs. The conditions for convexity of these sets are rigorously established. Through 1-D simulations, the set-theoretic restoration scheme utilizing these sets is compared with the stochastic MMSE filter and with set-theoretic schemes for stochastic blurs developed earlier.
Scaling laws for capacity and delay in wireless ad hoc networks with random mobility

We study the asymptotic throughput capacity and delay in mobile ad hoc networks following the 2-hop relaying algorithm proposed by Grossglauser and Tse (2001). We assume the nodes to be uniformly distributed on a sphere, and consider two canonical mobility models: the Brownian mobility model (BMM), and the random way-point mobility model (RWMM). We show that for an ad hoc network formed by n mobile nodes the delay scales as O (log/sup 2/n//spl sigma//sup 2/(n)) under the BMM, and, /spl Theta/ (1/r(n)v(n)) under the RWMM, where /spl sigma//sup 2/(n) is the variance parameter of the BMM, v(n) is the average speed of nodes under the RWMM, and r(n) is the communication radius of the nodes.
Iterative estimation of structures of multiple RNA homologs: Turbofold

TurboFold, an iterative algorithm for estimating the common secondary structures of multiple RNA homologs, is presented. The algorithm is motivated by and has structure and attributes analogous to the turbo decoding algorithm in communications. Instead of solving the joint problem of aligning and folding multiple RNA sequences, TurboFold uses an iterative process to fold a collection of RNA homologs. Beneficial information from inter-sequence comparisons is incorporated by using feedback from iteration to iteration in the form of pseudo-prior probabilities for base pairing which are incorporated in the computation of base pairing probabilities. As a result Turbo-Fold retains several of the advantages of join alignment and folding while maintaining a per iteration computational complexity comparable to single sequence RNA folding. Experimental evaluation of the algorithm, performed over six ncRNA families, demonstrates that TurboFold achieves high accuracy, offering better performance than available alternatives for estimating RNA base pairing probabilities.
Image-based data interfaces revisited: Barcodes and watermarks for the mobile and digital worlds

The ubiquitous availability of image sensors in smartphones and other mobile computing devices makes feasible new applications for both barcodes that encode data as image patterns and watermarks that hide data in images. To support these new applications, a number of new methods have been developed for these long-standing image-based data communication interfaces, methods that are better suited for use with the image sensors. In this paper, we review these developments and the applications they enable, drawing upon examples from our own prior work in this area. We highlight key attributes that distinguish these image-based communications interfaces from other noncontact modes of communication and make their continued use an attractive option.
Large population optimal demand response for thermostatically controlled inertial loads

In this paper, we formulate and analyze the optimal set point problem of thermostatically controlled loads in a smart microgrid environment. From an aggregator's perspective, we show that flexibility can be extracted from the thermal inertia embedded in residential customers and be leveraged for maximum utilization of variable generation such as wind and solar. Through rigorous theoretical results we show that there is a fully decentralized mechanism for setting individual household temperature bounds while (a) maximum flexibility is extracted from inertial loads to balance the stochastic generation; (b) optimal staggering of demand responses of inertial loads can be achieved for smoothing out the overall power consumption; and (c) individual customers' comfort zone is taken into account. An easy-to-implement practical control setting is also introduced and tested using a simple model of wind and load distribution.
LCDs versus CRTs-color-calibration and gamut considerations

This paper presents a comparative evaluation of liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) and cathode-ray tube (CRT) displays from a color-rendition and color-calibration perspective. Common display calibration models and assumptions are reviewed and their applicability to LCDs and CRTs is evaluated through an experimental study. The displays are compared with respect to the color-calibration accuracy, ease of calibration, and achievable color gamut. The offset, matrix, and tone-response correction model commonly employed for CRT color calibration is also suitable for color calibration of LCDs for most applications, though the calibration error for LCDs is higher For the prototype LCDs used in the experimental study, large color variations significantly above the calibration accuracy are observed with changes in viewing angle. Under typical viewing conditions, LCDs provide a significantly larger color gamut than CRTs primarily due to their higher luminances.
Multi-scale morphological analysis for retinal vessel detection in wide-field fluorescein angiography

We describe a new method for accurate retinal vessel detection in wide-field fluorescein angiography (FA), which is a challenging problem because of the variations in vasculature between different orientations and large and small vessels, and the changes in the vasculature appearance as the injection of the dye perfuses the retina. Decomposing the original FA image into multiple resolutions, the vessels at each scale are segmented independently by first correcting for inhomogeneous illumination, then applying morphological operations to extract rectilinear structure and finally applying adaptive binarization. Specifically, a modified top-hat filter is applied using linear structuring elements with 9 directions. The maximum value of the resulting response images at each pixel location is then used for adaptive binarization. Final vessel segments are identified by fusing vessel segments at each scale. Quantitative results on VAMPIRE dataset, which includes high resolution wide-field FA images and hand-labeled ground truth vessel segments, demonstrate that the proposed method provides a significant improvement on vessel detection (approximately 10% higher recall, with same precision) than the method originally published with VAMPIRE dataset.