nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Incentive Mechanism for University Teachers under Multi-task Principal-Agent Model

Currently universities have faced a popular realistic subject, that is, how to construct a reasonable salary incentive mechanism based on two tasks of teaching and scientific research for teachers. This paper builds a multi-task principal-agent model based on those tasks which are delegated to teachers by universities. Then, through in-depth analysis of the model, we explore the relationships among teachers' effort level, relative incentive intensity, tasks' uncertainty degree, and their risk aversion. The results show that, when teachers' risk aversion and tasks' uncertainty degree become bigger, their effort level will become lower. Secondly, the relative incentive intensity will reduce with the increase of the uncertainty of teaching task and the relative incentive intensity will increase with the increase of the uncertainty of scientific research task. Finally, teachers should be motivated differently according to tasks uncertainty and risk aversion.
Application of LS-SVM by GA for Dissolved Gas Concentration Forecasting in Power Transformer Oil

LS-SVM (least square support vector machines) is widely used in the regression analysis, but the predition accuracy greatly depends on the parameters selection, in this paper, genetic algorithm is applied to optimize the LS-SVM parameters, correspondingly, the prediction accuracy is improved. First, this paper introduced the principle of LS-SVM and genetic algorithm, and gave the optimization parameter flow chart with genetic algorithm. Then this algorithm is used to forecast dissolved gas concentration in power transformer oil. Through comparing the forecasting result with the other results, which are forecasted by traditional SVM and LS-SVM, it proved that the method had the higher forecasting precision. Field application showed that the method is effectiveness.
The field calibration method of electronic current transformer in intelligent substation

The measurement accuracy of electronic current transformer (ECT) is related to correctly measure power energy, but the research on the field calibration methods of ECT is very little. The distribution of ECT in intelligent substation in china is introduced. According to the technical standards of GB/T 20840.7-Electronic Current Transformer, the field calibration method of ECT is proposed based on current comparative methods. The proposed field calibration method is used the communication protocol IEC 61850. The ratio difference f and angle difference δ of tested ECT can be directly obtained from the electronic transformer calibrator. The current working principle of primary devices and the operation method of primary devices are described in detail, when using the proposed field calibration methods. Meanwhile the secondary basic principle and working mechanism of the proposed method is studied. The field calibration results not only demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of this paper's content, but also show that the tested ECTs can be used 0.2S level power meter transformers. The research results of this paper can provide technical supporting for the commissioning and maintenance of power energy metering in intelligent substation.
APIExample: An effective web search based usage example recommendation system for java APIs

Programmers often learn how to use an API by studying its usage examples. There are many usage examples scattered in web pages on the Internet. However, it often takes programmers much effort to find out the desired examples from a large number of web pages by web search. This paper proposes a tool named APIExample that can extract usage examples for java APIs from web pages on the Internet and recommend them to programmers. Given a java API, the tool collects its related web pages from the Internet, extracts java code snippets and their surrounding descriptive texts embedded in the pages, then assembles them into usage examples for programmers. Furthermore, in order to help programmers capture more kinds of usages of the target API by browsing fewer examples, our tool clusters and ranks the listed examples based on the target API's usage. Besides, as a practical tool, APIExample provides multiple aspects of frequently-used information about using the target API in a concise user interface with friendly user experience. Two kinds of user-interaction style, a web search portal and an Eclipse plug-in, are now both publicly available.
SurfaceNet: An End-to-End 3D Neural Network for Multiview Stereopsis

This paper proposes an end-to-end learning framework for multiview stereopsis. We term the network SurfaceNet. It takes a set of images and their corresponding camera parameters as input and directly infers the 3D model. The key advantage of the framework is that both photo-consistency as well geometric relations of the surface structure can be directly learned for the purpose of multiview stereopsis in an end-to-end fashion. SurfaceNet is a fully 3D convolutional network which is achieved by encoding the camera parameters together with the images in a 3D voxel representation. We evaluate SurfaceNet on the large-scale DTU benchmark.
Performance of TCP/IP over ABR service on ATM networks

The available bit rate (ABR) service has been developed to support data applications over asynchronous transfer mode (ATM). It is hence interesting to study the performance of reliable data transport protocols like the "transport control protocol (TCP)" over ABR. We study the effect of running large unidirectional file transfer applications on TCP over ABR with an explicit rate algorithm (ERICA) implemented at the ATM switches. The paper shows that it is possible to get maximum TCP throughput when there are enough buffers at the switches. However, when the number of buffers is smaller, there is a large reduction in TCP throughput even though the cell loss ratio (CLR) is very small. We study the effect of various factors which affect TCP throughput and fairness. These factors include the TCP timer granularity, switch buffering, ABR parameters, and the cell drop policy at the switches.
Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal in Urban Area Soil

The Yangtse delta area is one of the most rapidly developing areas in China. There are mega-cities like Nanjing and the surrounding urban areas of different sizes. As a traditional historical and industrial city, Nanjing city was investigated for heavy metals in its soil. Based on spatial characteristic of Nanjing City, 12 samples were regarded as descriptions of different function zone in urban area. The concentration of Cu, Cr, Pb, and Zn were analyzed. By index of geo-accumulation and potential ecological risk index, urban soil pollution was assessed, which indicated that urban soil in Nanjing have been slightly polluted except for particular areas where soil contamination is severe. Results of the values by order is Pb>Cu>Cr>Zn through the potential ecology risk index. It was presented that urbanization and industrialization were interrelated with urban soil pollution by heavy metals.
A dual-channel QAM/QPSK receiver IC with integrated cable set-top box functionality

A digital cable-TV receiver IC with a 5 MBaud 64/256-QAM in-band channel and a 1 MBaud QPSK out-of-band channel incorporating on-chip forward error correction, tracking loops and adaptive decision feedback equalizers has been designed. The device further integrates out-of-band message separation and peripheral box control circuitry. The chip interfaces to a MC-68331 microprocessor and uses a mix of semicustom and custom design methodologies to achieve functionality in an 8 mm/spl times/8 mm die area with a 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS technology, while dissipating 1.8 W at 5 V in a 208-pin PQFP package.
Notice of RetractionDestructed multilateral matchmaking transaction method for power consumers and power generation corporations

The direct purchase regulations, which have been carried out or will be carried out in China, have some deficiencies. First, they make no contribution to promote the ratios of wind and other new energy sources power production; second, there do not considering time restrains of traded electric energy; third, they lack of the transaction mechanism for different type of units; and so on. Therefore, a new transaction regulation must be promoted to improve the renewable energy ratio, ease the dispatch difficulty at the valley load condition and reduce the commitment times of large thermal power units, so as to benefit all of the transaction companies and the society. Focused on this question, a destructed multilateral matchmaking transaction (DMMT) method has been promoted. In this method, the pre-traded electric energy is destructed from space and time, and then made matching in isomorphic or isomeric patterns. The time-destructed transaction method adopts time-of-use (TOU) mechanism between power generation corporations and power consumers. The space-destructed transaction method is based on the types of power generation corporations and power consumers. Examples show that the method can contribute to the energy conversation and emission reduction and improve the usage of renewable resource.
Using Critical Machine Couple Equal Area Criterion to Assess Multi-Machine System Stability

This paper extends consistency of single machine equal area criteria and transient energy function based direct method to multi-machine system. Based on these characteristics, an approach to transient stability assessment is proposed. In multi- machine system, two generators of best forward angle and best lag angle named critical generator couple is selected, equal area criterion (EAC) is applied to them, and incorporating time domain simulation (TDS), transient stability assessment is obtained. The advantage of this approach is that it avoids generators equivalence and network reduction and needs less computation time, less information, it has the same accuracy as time domain simulation in assessing stability and system model is applicable widely. Validity carried out on a New England test system of 10 generators is reported.
Prediction of specific region cloud cover based on RBF neural networks

This paper presents a method based on RBF neural networks to predict the specific region cloud cover, which has the feature of time serial and nonlinear. Using this method, we can train the RBF neural networks and find out the nonlinear relations among historical cloud cover data, to predict future time of cloud cover. Experiment results show that the method provided a kind of viable intelligent way for the quantitative prediction of cloud cover.
Mono-, multi-layer nanostructured porous films and gas sensors

A simple and flexible strategy is presented for synthesis of mono or multi-layer nanostructured ordered porous films on any desired substrates with flat or even curved surface, based on the fact that polystyrene sphere colloidal monolayer on glass substrate can lift off and floated on some precursor solutions, which can, in turn, be transferred onto any substrates by picking it up. SnO/sub 2/ ordered nanostructured porous films are thus successfully synthesized on the cylindrical surface, the concave surface and the spherical surface, respectively, just by taking the easily acquired SnCl/sub 4/ solution as precursor. More importantly, the mono and multi-layer porous films are also directly synthesized on commercially supplied ceramic or porcelain tubes which are used for the substrate of gas sensors. And hence, the SnO2 ordered nanostructured porous gas-sensor is constructed. Sensitivity of the sensor can be easily controlled by changing the sizes of polystyrene spheres. Such method is universal and suitable for synthesis of many other oxides or doped porous films, mesoporous/macroporous gas sensor films and even the hetero-multi-layer porous films on the curved surfaces just by changing the compositions of the precursors or alternatively repeating this strategy. This strategy provides a good way to construct nanostructured gas-sensors and practical possibility of the nanostructured devices in the near future.
A low-complexity rate compatible modulation via variable weight sets

Rate Compatible Modulation (RCM) had been shown to be capable of achieving smooth rate adjustment in highly dynamic channel scenarios. However, there still exist two main problems in RCM: (1) The theoretical bound of the achievable rate, which is the benchmark for practical RCM design, has not been obtained. (2) The iterative decoding algorithm for RCM have a high computational complexity due to the long weight set with large value and the much more symbols required by receiver for successful decoding under poor channel conditions. To tackle these problems, Firstly, we get the theoretical achievable rate upper bound of RCM via analysis of the mutual information between transmitted and received symbols, and obtain an important result, i.e., in low SNR, the achievable rates of RCM are completely the same for the cases of large or small weight sets. Based on this result, a low-complexity RCM with variable weight sets (RCM-VWS) is proposed. In addition, we investigate the messages relationship between symbol nodes and information nodes in decoding algorithm based on Bayesian interference and analyze the computational complexity of the RCM-VWS we proposed. Theoretical analysis and simulations show that, in low SNR (<;8dB), the computational complexity of the proposed scheme can be reduced by 95% compared with that of the conventional RCM, while preserving the same BER performance. So the average decoding efficiency is improved significantly.
Urban medium voltage distribution network planning based on ASAGA and TSP path optimization method

Urban medium voltage distribution network planning is a large-scale combinatorial optimization issue. This paper analyses the cable single-ring network mode which is commonly used in current urban medium voltage distribution network, and proposes a new method of planning. Adopt adaptive simulated annealing genetic algorithm combined with path optimization method of travelling salesman problem to plan open-loop network. The coding strategy is optimized and the efficiency of evolution is improved. In order to obtain a closed-loop network, the minimum weight complete matching algorithm combined with the shortest path method is used to achieve tie-lines optimization, and it ensures that the planning result is of global optimum. Practical example proves that the proposed method can effectively solve the issue of urban medium voltage distribution network planning, and it is more instructive to actual urban medium voltage distribution network planning.
An improved passive location algorithm for maneuvering target emitter

With the merits as hiding receiving, far responding distance and easy-deploying, the single observation passive location has a broad application in military domain. Especially, it plays an important part in passive radar, navigation and aerospace, etc. With the information of phase-difference, phase-difference rate of change and Doppler frequency rate of change, a new algorithm based on EKF (called PFRC) is proposed. Compared with two popular passive location methods which are bearing-only (BO) and phase-difference rate of change (PRC), the PFRC has good performance in that it has higher precision and higher speed. However, the PFRC, based on the EKF, can only give a biased state estimation, which has poor robustness and precision against model mismatching and is inapplicable for maneuvering target tracking. In order to overcome the above limitations, based on the PFRC and the strong tracking filter (STF), an improved passive location algorithm is proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance.
Key technology and application research on mobile augmented reality

The rapid developments in both hardware and software of mobile intelligent devices enable the mobile augmented reality (MAR) systems and applications. People using MAR systems can enhance and extend the experience in both real and virtual spaces. This paper introduces the concept and characteristics of mobile augmented reality (MAR). Then we focus on the key technologies which have great impact on the MAR systems, including track registration, object detection and recognition, calibration, and model rendering etc. We present some typical MAR cases in different fields to show the ideas that are currently used. Finally, we provide an overview about the possibilities and future applications of MAR.
Mobile Data Usage Prediction System and Method

The popularization of Long Term Evolution (LTE) leads to the issues of mobile data usage monitoring and prediction. The analyses of these issues can be referred for the deployment of mobile network and the recommendation of customer solutions. However, a great deal of statistical computing power and time is needed for several previous mobile data usage prediction methods. Because large variances may exist among the quantities of mobile data usages from different client devices, the error of mobile data usage prediction may be large. Therefore, this study proposes a mobile data usage prediction method to analyze the historical mobile data usages of target client devices for the prediction of future mobile data usages of target client devices. Then the marketing information can be obtained to client devices in accordance with the predicted mobile data usage, and the income of operator can be increasing. In experimental results, the mobile data records from 565,606 client devices during July of 2014 were collected and analyzed for the evaluation of the proposed method. The accuracy of the proposed method was 87.97% which was higher than previous methods.
AC Conductors' Corona-Loss Calculation and Analysis in Corona Cage

Corona loss generated from conductors is one of the important design factors of extremely high-voltage ultra-high voltage (EHV/UHV) ac transmission lines. The charge simulation method was adopted to calculate conductor corona loss in the corona cage. Every corona cage wall is equivalent to the ground plane and, therefore, the calculation model is more complicated than the power-line model above the ground surface. Two corona cages-UHV corona cage and small corona cage-were adopted in the tests. The cages are both square sections. Single conductors and bundle conductors were tested in the corona cages to verify the corona cage calculation model. And the same type of conductor was tested in the small corona cage and in the UHV corona cage to check the measuring system and the simulation program of corona loss further. Since the artificial rain rates were from 12 to 20 mm/h, corona losses were measured and calculated. The results indicate that the fundamental frequency component is the most main component of corona loss. The corona cage corona-loss calculation model is appropriate. And for single conductor LGJ-500/35 and bundle conductors, 8 LGJ-500/35, under heavy rain conditions, with the rain rate being from 12 to 20 mm/h, the roughness coefficient range is from 0.4 to 0.5 approximately.
Notice of Retraction The Application of the IGA in Transformer Fault Diagnosis Based on LS-SVM

LS-SVM (least square support vector machines) is applied to solve the practical problems of small samples and non-linear prediction better, and it is suitable for the DGA in power transformers. But in this model, the selecting of the parameters, and , impact on the result of the diagnosis greatly, so it is necessary to optimize these parameters. The IGA (improved genetic algorithm) is applied in this paper to make an optimization of these parameters about LS-SVM. The IGA uses the encoding mechanism; it generates the initial population randomly, expends the search space fast, stabilizes the diversity of the individuals in population, and effectively improves the global search ability and convergence speed. Finally, the optimized LS-SVM is used to analysis multiple sets of oil chromatogram data of transformers, the results show that the parameters of LS-SVM are effectiveness optimized by IGA, and the accuracy of fault diagnosis effectively improved.
Space vector pulse-width modulation algorithm and DC-side voltage control strategy of three-phase four-switch active power filters

A space vector pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) algorithm and a DC-side voltage control strategy for three-phase four-switch shunt active power filters are proposed. The basic principle of three-phase four-switch inverters to output three-phase balanced voltages is investigated in detail. Based on an advanced coordinate transformation, the proposed algorithm ensures basic voltage vectors to be right on the coordinate axes of αβ-coordinate system, which has the advantages of less computation and higher accuracy than the traditional. It synthesises zero vectors by equalising the duration time of two basic voltage vectors, which are equivalent in amplitude and opposite in phase, to simplify control logic and decrease harmonics of output voltages. To stabilise the DC bus voltage and balance the DC-side capacitor voltages, a DC-side voltage control strategy is presented. The former objective is obtained by controlling the active partition of the output currents, and the latter one by adapting the direct partition of phase C output current. An overall control method combining the proposed SVPWM algorithm with the DC-side voltage control strategy is presented. Experimental results have shown the validity and feasibility of the proposed algorithm and strategy.
The Partial Discharge Locating Experimental Study in Transformer Based on Ultrasonic Phased Array

Partial discharge locating detection is a key project in transformer insulation mechanism research and quality control. And it is an important foundation in transformer's condition maintenance. The theory of partial discharge location based on ultrasonic array is an effective improvement of partial discharge locating. But in experimental studies, the problem of sensor array element coupling performance is inconsistent, the results of many cross-point locations are also different, and the success rate and the locating accuracy in double-platform locating are not better than imagined. Based on these problems, three practical methods and techniques are presented in this paper. Firstly the pencil test method is used to test the coupling performance of the elements of the array sensor to improve the success rate of localization; secondly, taking repeated measurements at the same place and the weighted average method to improve the accuracy of measuring; thirdly the multi-platform and global search method are used to improve the positioning accuracy of PD source locating. Finally, the locating experimental system is established based on the ultrasonic phased array in oil. The Experimental results show that the locating errors is less than 10cm, verifies the three methods can effectively improve the partial discharge array ultrasound locating success rate and locating accuracy.
Influence of interphase interference to on-line leakage current monitoring of MOA

MOA is very important in power system. Therefore, on-line monitoring of MOA becomes necessary. Forever because of influence of location and, distributing mode of MOA, the voltage of two other phases affect single MOA by interphase interference, and this will surely influence the monitoring accuracy of MOA's resistive leakage current. In this paper, we analyze double CT method to eliminate this influence. And we advance the principle of synchronous sampling on multi-lower computer system. Based on these methods, we develop the bus-module on-line leakage current monitoring of MOA. And it has already been successfully used in the project.