nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Gate-Length Scaling of Ultrashort Metamorphic High-Electron Mobility Transistors With Asymmetrically Recessed Gate Contacts for Millimeter- and Submillimeter-Wave Applications

We have fabricated and characterized ultrashort gate-length metamorphic high-electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) optimized for high gain performance for millimeter- and submillimeter-wave applications. In this paper, we have systematically evaluated the impact of gate length in the range of 25-50 nm on the device performance by exploring epitaxial layer designs, gate-to-channel distances, and recess widths. The study shows the 25-nm devices underperform their 50-nm counterparts in most of the key figures of merit including output conductance, voltage gain, off-state breakdown, on-state breakdown, and, most importantly, the maximum stable gain. This observation is actually in good agreement with the state-of-the-art results published so far, which indicate that the best overall performance of HEMTs for millimeter- and submillimeter-wave applications comes from devices with gate lengths ranging from 35 to 50 nm. The 25-nm devices, on the other hand, appear to have difficulty in achieving the proper vertical scaling for optimum gain, which is limited by the minimum gate layer thickness necessary to retain good Schottky characteristics. This limitation may eventually be overcome with the adoption of new materials used as the gate layer that can be integrated into the HEMT fabrication process.
Intra-Predictive Transforms for Block-Based Image Coding

This paper presents the theory and the design of intra-predictive transforms, which unify the inter-block prediction and block-based transforms in block-based image coding. Motivated by interpreting inter-block prediction as a transform with a larger size, we derive the concept of intra-predictive transforms. Conventional predictions and transforms can be viewed as special cases of intra-predictive transforms. Intra-predictive transforms are able to exploit both inter and intra-block correlations. We derive the tight upper bound of the coding gain of intra-predictive transforms for stationary Gaussian sources. It turns out that the coding gain can be greater than that of conventional transforms. The optimal intra-predictive transform that achieves the upper bound is also derived. We also design a practical intra-predictive transform using frequency-domain prediction that can achieve better performance in image coding while exhibiting low computational complexity. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed intra-predictive transforms in block-based image coding systems and show the improvements over the current design.
An analysis of thin-rod flexural acoustic wave gravimetric sensors immersed in liquid

A perturbation analysis of acoustic wave propagation properties for a stiff thin rod surrounded by a liquid is presented. A study is made of the velocity sensitivity of the lowest flexural acoustic mode, F/sub 11/, along a thin rod due to mass changes in the rod and variations in the surrounding liquid density. It is shown that the presence of the liquid decreases the velocity of the F/sub 11/ mode and also the mass sensitivity.<<ETX>>
Investigations on the Effects of NMR Experimental Conditions in Human Urine and Serum Metabolic Profiles

Studying on the effects of the experimental conditions to the spectra data are very important for NMR-based metobonomics since the resonance signals were sensitive to the experimental conditions. In this paper, NOEPER and NOEPER-CPMG pulse sequences are adopted to acquire the 1H NMR spectra of the human urine and serum samples respectively, and two important parameters, i.e., the experimental temperature and the saturation power of NOEPER sequence, are investigated. Resonance peaks shifting and signal intensity changing can be observed in both the urine spectra and the serum spectra when the experimental temperature was changed. For example, intensity of resonance signal of LDL, VLDL, valine and choline would increase obviously in the serum spectra with the experimental temperature increasing. Those evidences implied that it is important to acquire the 1H NMR spectra of the samples in the same temperature. In addition, water suppression profiles of the NOEPER pulse sequence are obtained with several different values of saturation power, in which signals whose chemical shifts are closed to that of water would decrease their intensity with the saturation power rising. Those results demonstrate that trade-off between the water suppression and signal decrease must be taken into consideration. As a matter of experience, lower saturation power is recommended if the water signal has been suppressed enough.
Features for automated tongue image shape classification

Inspection of the tongue is a key component in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Chinese medical practitioners diagnose the health status of a patient based on observation of the color, shape, and texture characteristics of the tongue. The condition of the tongue can objectively reflect the presence of certain diseases and aid in the differentiation of syndromes, prognosis of disease and establishment of treatment methods. Tongue shape is a very important feature in tongue diagnosis. A different tongue shape other than ellipse could indicate presence of certain pathologies. In this paper, we propose a novel set of features, based on shape geometry and polynomial equations, for automated recognition and classification of the shape of a tongue image using supervised machine learning techniques. We also present a novel method to correct the orientation/deflection of the tongue based on the symmetry of axis detection method. Experimental results obtained on a set of 303 tongue images demonstrate that the proposed method improves the current state of the art method.
A LLC resonant converter with a notch filter at secondary side for high step-up and wide voltage range applications

A multi-resonant converter is proposed by embedding a notch filter at secondary side in the conventional LLC converter for both high step-up and wide voltage range applications. Compared to LLC converter, the proposed converter can achieve wide voltage regulation within relatively narrow switching frequency range, and also the proposed resonant tank can effectively transfer both fundamental and third harmonics elements, resulting in high conversion efficiency. By moving the LC notch filter of the LCLCL converter to the secondary side, the proposed converter avoids the circulating currents at primary side flowing through LC notch filter, which benefits to reducing conduction losses. The operation principles and characteristics are analyzed in detail using first harmonic approximation. A 400W prototype with input voltage range from 25V to 50V was built, and experimental results show overall efficiency of the proposed converter is 1.5% higher than LCLCL converter, which indicates the feasibility of the proposed converter in high step-up and wide voltage range applications.
3D environmental mapping of mobile robot using a low-cost depth camera

Building rich 3D maps of unknown environments is a key issue for service robots, with applications in navigation and mobile manipulation. In this paper, an application of 3D map building using a low-cost Kinect sensor equipped on a mobile robot is introduced. The application evalutes the approach that combines visual and depth information for dense point cloud alignment. During robot's continuous movement, successive frames of RGB-D data are captured and processed. Firstly, SURF features of color images are extracted and then RANSAC algorithm is employed to remove large amount of outliers. Generalized-ICP algorithm is employed to perform fine registration, which finally produces dense point cloud. The proposed method is applied to a home-care service robot for building 3D map of an office environment using a RGB-D sensor. Application of mobile robot navigation using the 2D projection of the 3D map based on Octomap format is also given. Experiment results validate the practicability and effectiveness of the approach.
An improved adaptive artificial bee colony algorithm

Aiming to the main disadvantages of artificial bee colony algorithm: slow searching speed arisen from the low exploitation of global information and the high possibility to be caught into local convergence, an improved algorithm is proposed in this paper. Two different location updating strategies are separately designed for employed bees and onlooker bees (when they are changed into employed bees). At first, the location (food source) updating formula for employed bees is developed by obtaining the current global optimal information so as to accelerate the convergence speed. In addition, an adaptive strategy is introduced to increase the probability by which the employed bees are changed into scouts, thereby strengthening the randomness and the possibility to find a better solution. After that, a new location updating method is presented for onlooker bees in order to keep the randomness in a reasonable degree. The results of experiments on several test functions show that this new algorithm has a satisfactory performance such as high quality of solutions and quick convergence speed.
Co-Labeling for Multi-View Weakly Labeled Learning

It is often expensive and time consuming to collect labeled training samples in many real-world applications. To reduce human effort on annotating training samples, many machine learning techniques (e.g., semi-supervised learning (SSL), multi-instance learning (MIL), etc.) have been studied to exploit weakly labeled training samples. Meanwhile, when the training data is represented with multiple types of features, many multi-view learning methods have shown that classifiers trained on different views can help each other to better utilize the unlabeled training samples for the SSL task. In this paper, we study a new learning problem called multi-view weakly labeled learning, in which we aim to develop a unified approach to learn robust classifiers by effectively utilizing different types of weakly labeled multi-view data from a broad range of tasks including SSL, MIL and relative outlier detection (ROD). We propose an effective approach called co-labeling to solve the multi-view weakly labeled learning problem. Specifically, we model the learning problem on each view as a weakly labeled learning problem, which aims to learn an optimal classifier from a set of pseudo-label vectors generated by using the classifiers trained from other views. Unlike traditional co-training approaches using a single pseudo-label vector for training each classifier, our co-labeling approach explores different strategies to utilize the predictions from different views, biases and iterations for generating the pseudo-label vectors, making our approach more robust for real-world applications. Moreover, to further improve the weakly labeled learning on each view, we also exploit the inherent group structure in the pseudo-label vectors generated from different strategies, which leads to a new multi-layer multiple kernel learning problem. Promising results for text-based image retrieval on the NUS-WIDE dataset as well as news classification and text categorization on several real-world multi-view datasets clearly demonstrate that our proposed co-labeling approach achieves state-of-the-art performance for various multi-view weakly labeled learning problems including multi-view SSL, multi-view MIL and multi-view ROD.
A fast depth-map wedgelet partitioning scheme for intra prediction in 3D video coding

By employing 35 intra prediction modes, HEVC standard performs better to remove spatial redundancy between the current block and its neighbors. Although 3D video coding has adopted HEVC intra prediction and Depth Modeling Modes (DMM) technology to improve the performance, the Explicit Wedgelet Partition Mode within DMM brings unaffordable complexity to compress depth map. Based on the way of obtaining the picture texture from the mode with Sum of Absolute Transform Difference in rough mode decision, we propose a fast scheme to determine Wedgelet Partition in intra prediction, which leads to significant computational saving with marginal BD-rate increase after decoder-side view synthesis.
Design of control system for substation equipment inspection robot based on embedded Linux

According to the actual situation of the substation equipment inspection,this paper proposes a kind of software architecture of robot control system based on embedded Linux operating system. We have finished the design of the robot control system on the PC104 hardware module board and introduced the whole flow of this control system software. The paper also presents the realization process of the PMAC device driver.The industrial operation of the system shows that the control system can form a full monitor system for substation to greatly improve the safety,dependability and reality of the substation inspection.
An Improved Design of Current Controller for LCL-Type Grid-Connected Converter to Reduce Negative Effect of PLL in Weak Grid

For three-phase LCL-type grid-connected converter, when it is attached to weak grid, current control interacts with phase-locked loop (PLL) via point of common coupling voltage. Consequently, PLL dynamic might deteriorate grid current control and even result in system instability. However, the conventional design method of current controller neglects the impact of PLL, and therefore, it is hard for the current controller to mitigate the negative effect of PLL. In this paper, an improved design of current controller, i.e., proportional–integral controller and capacitor-current-feedback active damping, is proposed to reduce the negative effect of PLL on current control. First, a small-signal impedance model is developed to analyze the impact of PLL on current control. Then, the effect of current controller parameters on the converter output impedance is analyzed, and a design guideline to improve the current controller parameters is presented. With the improved parameters, in precondition of satisfying system stability margin under both stiff and weak grid, the negative effect of PLL on current control can be effectively mitigated without employing additional control strategies. Furthermore, the current control has a strong robustness against wide-range variation of grid impedance. Finally, the experiment demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed design method.
Kinematics analysis and simulation of the Substation Equipment Water Washing Robot with Hot-line

The size of the substation is constantly expanding with the development of electric power industry. The substation equipments which are long-term exposure to the outdoor affected by natural and industrial contamination are easily caused the flashover phenomenon. The substation equipment water washing robot with hot-line is used to water cleaning operations carried out on the post insulators in substation. Kinematics performance of the robot should not be ignored in order to make it moving freely in the substation and move to the job position safely and stably. Kinematics analysis and simulation of the substation equipment water washing robot with hot-line are conducted in the process of flat walking and climbing by using virtual prototype technology based on the method of multi-body kinematics and Lagrange multiplier. The changing curve of robot's gravity center under different road conditions and the motion state of the robot in the process of climbing are all obtained. Improvements and optimization have been done according to the calculation results.
Integrating All Medical Records to an Enterprise Viewer

The idea behind hospital information systems is to make all of a patient's medical reports, lab results, and images electronically available to clinicians, instantaneously, wherever they are. But the higgledy-piggledy evolution of most hospital computer systems makes it hard to integrate all these clinical records. Although several integration standards had been proposed to meet this challenger, none of them is fit to Chinese hospitals. In this paper, we introduce our work of implementing a three-tiered architecture enterprise viewer in Huzhou Central Hospital to integration all existing medical information systems using limited resource
A New Diagnosis Lossless Compression Method for Digital Mammography

With the rapidly growing use of digital images in medical archival and communication,image compression technology,especially diagnosis lossless compression technology,plays a more and more important role for medical applications.In this thesis,a novel diagnosis loseless compression algorithm is presented for digital mammography.The mammogram is divided into breast region,pectoral muscle and background using the CAD technologies.Then the breast region and pectoral muscle are compressed losslessly and lossily using arbitrary shape ROI compression algorithm respectively.The background can be discarded or compressed as user's will.Experimental results show that the proposed method offer potential advantage in medical applications of digital mammography compression.
Characteristics of network delay and delay jitter and its effect on voice over IP (VoIP)

Voice over IP is a hot topic for the networking technologies. Delay and delay jitter are the important measures of QoS particularly for the voice traffic in the network environment with bursty background traffic. This paper studies the performance behavior of delay and delay jitter at the IP packet level by using the transient queuing solution. The analysis focuses on the voice over IP traffic going through a IP router with the bursty background traffic over network. We study the individual effects of various traffic parameters on the jitter behavior of packet voice stream multiplexing background traffic with different bursty characteristics in the IP router. The numerical results for the investigation of the effects of delay and delay jitter to a speech sample are presented.
High efficiency screen printed low-medium concentrator silicon solar cells with direct printed 50µm wide fingers

Screen printed low to medium concentrator silicon solar cells have potential to drive down the cost of PV since it replaces expensive semiconductor material by less expensive optics while maintaining high efficiency. However, the conventional screen-printed finger width is generally ≥100μm which limits the efficiency under higher concentration. In this paper, we report on the application of 50μm wide fingers fabricated by nScrypt non-contact direct printing technology to resolve this problem Two approaches were used to evaluate the merit of fine line extrusion printed fingers relative to normal screen-printed fingers. First approach involves keeping the metal coverage the same by increasing the number of lines, from 50 to 100, which lowers the series-resistance (Rs) and increases the FF. Second strategy involves keeping the Rs same by decreasing the number of lines, from 100 to 69, or reducing metal coverage which leads to higher Jsc. In this study, conventional screen-printed concentrator cells gave a peak efficiency of 19.2% at ~7 suns and 18.5% at 20 suns. The first strategy raised the peak efficiency to 19.7-20.0% in the range of 5 to 20 suns. The second approach to reducing metal coverage which keeping the same Rs raised the peak efficiency to 20.3% at ~7 suns which decreased gradually to 19.2% at 20 suns. Thus the use of 50μm wide lines can give 0.5 to 1.3% absolute efficiency enhancement in the range of 1-20 suns. These are among the most efficient metal paste printed low to medium concentrator solar silicon cells.
A method of real-time human motion retargeting for 3D terrain adaption

It is difficult to genarate the adapting 3D terrain animation of a virtual role which is controled by motion capture. This paper presents a technique for real-time human motion retargeting on 3D terrain. First, the method based on geometry scaling was used to generate an intermediate skelton. Then a novel terrain adaption method was used to correct the positions of the intermediate skeleton's root node and end effectors dynamically. According to the motion trajectory law of human's center of mass, the terrain adaption method phased to calculate the terrain height increment. Finally, The contraints of target skelteton are determined by using the configuration of intermediate skelton, and an inverse kinematics slover is used to generate the final configuration of target skeleton. The results show that the retargeting motion is realistic, and this method can satisfy the real-time requireme- nts in virtual environment, even the condition of the 3D terrain height is modified interactively.
Backfire/Endfire conical beam properties of conical spiral antennas with arbitrary configurations

A four-arm conical spiral antenna with arbitrary configuration and excited by different modes is analyzed by the method of moments. Both Archimedean and equiangular spiral antennas are unified in its coordinate equation. The results show that backfire and endure shaped-conical beams can be obtained by different exciting types. The relationship between its radiation characteristics and winding denseness as well as its feeding modes is discussed. With the increase of the winding denseness the beam deviation from the axis augments while its beam conformity deteriorates. To get the best radiation performance, an octo-filar spiral antenna that can generate backfire radiation patterns is proposed.
Dual-Band Patch Antenna With Filtering Performance and Harmonic Suppression

A novel design of a dual-band antenna with integrated filtering performance is proposed. A low-profile aperture-coupled U-slot patch antenna is employed for the dual-band operation with a uniform polarization, which is fed by a dual-mode stub-loaded resonator (SLR). The U-slot patch works as a dual-mode resonator of the dual-band filter as well as the radiation element. The odd- and even-modes of the SLR are coupled and tuned with the U-slot patch, generating two second-order operation bands at 3.6 and 5.2 GHz. Compared with the traditional patch antenna, the proposed antenna exhibits improved bandwidth and frequency selectivity. In addition, the bandwidths can be controlled by adjusting the coupling strength between the SLR and the patch. Furthermore, the higher order harmonics can be suppressed over a broadband without increasing the footprint of the design. The measured and simulated results agree well with each other, showing excellent performance in terms of impedance matching, bandwidths, second-order filtering, out-of-band rejection, cross-polarization discrimination, and gains at both the bands.
Characteristics analysis of PM linear synchronous motor with non-uniform air-gap

This paper investigates the performance of a iron-core type 16-pole 15-slot Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor (PMLSM) for ropeless elevator applications. Considering the existing of the non-uniform air-gap in the long stoke running, the finite element models for double-side PMLSM is established to calculate and compare the electromagnetic performance such as magnetic field, Electromotive Force(EMF), thrust force, normal force and detent force with the uniform and non-uniform air-gap.