nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Model for Simulating Multiple Uncorrelated Mobile-to-Mobile Rayleigh Fading Waveforms

To produce multiple uncorrelated mobile-to-mobile Rayleigh fading waveforms is often required for simulating frequency selective mobile-to-mobile channels, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) mobile-to-mobile channels, and diversity-combined mobile-to-mobile channels. In this paper, a new deterministic model based on Rice’s sum of sinusoids (SoS) is proposed to guarantee the uncorrelationbetween different simulated Mobile-to-Mobile Rayleigh fading waveforms. Analytical and numerical results show that the resulting sum-of-sinusoids-based deterministic model fulfills all main requirements imposed by the reference model with given correlation properties derived under two-dimensional isotropic scattering conditions.
A research on the characteristics and influencing factors of undergraduates' career decision-making difficulties — Based on Zhejiang Sci-Tech University

This study introduces the characteristics and influencing factors of undergraduates' career decision-making difficulties. The participants are 233 undergraduates from Zhejiang Sci-Tech University. The questionnaire used was the Career Decision-Making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDDQ; Gati & Saka, 2001). SPSS was used to conduct and analyze the study. There are several results are revealed as follows: (1) The structure of career decision-making difficulties is in line with results tested in foreign countries, but indecision factor jumps into the lack of information dimensions. (2)The girls' score was significantly higher than the boys' in “general indecisiveness”. (3) Significant grade differences between groups in “the lack of information about the self”. (4) Significant difference between different professional groups in “general indecisiveness”. (5) Whether is consistent or not, they all have interested professional and can focus on the relevant information. Persons without interests, will be disturbed by much more redundant information, can't focus on the relevant information. (6) To exchange information by the fixed social groups, it can increase the college students' understanding level on self and profession and reduce the puzzle of the career decision-making. (7) Students whose significance of employment is “to gain respect from others”, their scores of four factors are far lower than those whose significance of employment is “to reduce the burden of home”. (8) The students who “to gain respect from others” have a longer term in their planning, their goal of professional development is higher, and those who “to reduce the burden of home”, their employment is more blind, think more of the present difficulties. (9) The person who has the finest virtue, doesn't think that he has “virtue”, so is a virtue.
THz-emission probe of surface-electronic transitions in a topological insulator

Upon femtosecond laser pumping of a topological insulator Bi2Se3, we observed efficient THz generation from the surface electrons. By performing polarization-resolved studies on the emitted THz spectrum, two emission mechanisms are identified. THz emission spectroscopy provides a valuable spectroscopic tool for studies of the dynamics of the surface electrons in centrosymmetric topological insulators.
Throughput test and analysis in an integrated TD-LTE based train ground communication system

Train ground communication systems for different applications are deployed and managed independently in current urban rail transit systems with Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) technology. Investing and constructing communication infrastructures repeatedly not only waste substantial social resources but also bring many difficulties to maintain all these infrastructures. In this paper, we design an Integrated TD-LTE based train ground communication system which includes all the applications in the urban rail transit system and analyze its theoretical throughput. In order to test the throughput of the Integrated TD-LTE based train ground communication system, a real testing environment is set up. The testing environment simulates the real urban rail transit environment, including the real train and real equipment. Test results show that the designed Integrated TD-LTE based train ground communication system throughput satisfies urban rail transit communication requirement and has strong comprehensive bearing capability.
Enzymatic Synthesis of ß-D-2', 3'-unsaturated-5-fluorocytidine by Whole Cell of Lactobacillus helveticus

Utilizing whole cell as biocatalyst instead of free or immobilized enzyme is a potential way to reduce the cost of catalyst in enzyme-catalyzed beta-D-2', 3'-unsaturated-5-fluorocytidine (D-D4FC). In this paper, D-D4FC was successfully synthesized by the whole cell of Lactobacillus helveticus (ATCC10697) for the first time. Several experimental parameters including reaction time, concentration of substrate, pH and the type of buffer were investigated; meanwhile a possible catalytic mechanism was discussed. Under the optimal reaction condition, about 50% yield of D-D4FC was obtained in 12.5 h and the cell of Lactobacillus helveticus showed good stability in the experiment. This method will be useful in the manufacture of important nucleoside analogues for anti-viral therapy.
KEMB: A Keyword-Based XML Message Broker

This paper studies the problem of XML message brokering with user subscribed profiles of keyword queries and presents a KEyword-based XML Message Broker (KEMB) to address this problem. In contrast to traditional-path-expressions-based XML message brokers, KEMB stores a large number of user profiles, in the form of keyword queries, which capture the data requirement of users/applications, as opposed to path expressions, such as XPath/XQuery expressions. KEMB brings new challenges: 1) how to effectively identify relevant answers of keyword queries in XML data streams; and 2) how to efficiently answer large numbers of concurrent keyword queries. We adopt compact lowest common ancestors (CLCAs) to effectively identify relevant answers. We devise an automaton-based method to process large numbers of queries and devise an effective optimization strategy to enhance performance and scalability. We have implemented and evaluated KEMB on various data sets. The experimental results show that KEMB achieves high performance and scales very well.
The study of analog evolvable Chebyshev transconductance filters

An evolvable hardware structure and design method on an analogue evolvable trans-conductance filter was presented. Its own technical parameters could be changed with external environmentpsilas real-time changing. The filter has the very good adaptive ability and certain fault-tolerant ability. An improved parallel genetic algorithm with migration strategy based on parallel crossover migration was applied. Selection strategy used an improved expected value model. Crossover strategy selected AND/OR crossover logic operators. Mutation strategy selected dual exclusive NOR/exclusive OR logic operators. Probability of crossover and mutation used adaptive probability which could be adjusted dynamically by reflecting diversity degrees of a population. A multi-objective optimization fitness function for the filterpsilas parameters had been built. Speed of resource allocation and quality of solutions is improved greatly by improved parallel genetic algorithm. The in-system programmability programmable analog circuits (ispPAC10) were used. The four-order Chebyshev trans-conductance filter is built by cascade method, which is able to meet performance request in its stop-band, passing band and transition band. Its practicality had been simulated and verified. Values of evolutionary parameters are in line with theoretical value exceedingly. Simulation results are satisfying.
Design and performance tests in an integrated TD-LTE based train ground communication system

In existing urban rail transit systems, the train ground communication system for different applications are deployed independently. Investing and constructing the communication infrastructures repeatedly not only wastes substantial social resources, it also brings difficulties to maintain all these infrastructures. In this paper, we first present the communication Quality of Service (QoS) requirement for different train ground applications. An integrated TD-LTE based train ground communication system for the urban rail transit system is designed next, which includes all the applications in urban rail transit system. In order to test the integrated TD-LTE based train ground communication system performance, an indoor testing environment is set up. The channel simulator and programmable attenuators are used to simulate the real urban rail transit environment. Extensive test results show that the designed integrated TD-LTE based train ground communication system performance satisfies urban rail transit communication requirement.
Blind Estimation of Communication Emitter Feature Parameters

In this paper, the problem of blind estimation of the convolutional interleaving parameters, an important feature parameters of communication emitter, is studied. The unitive mathematical model of the convolutional interleaver was presented and the blind estimation of convolutional interleaving parameters has been investigated using characteristics of scrambled sequences in this paper. The proposed algorithm uses only the intercepted interleaved stream and computer simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can provide good performance even when the bit error rate is 0.30.
Electron Transportation Simulation for Spacecraft Internal Charging Based on Reverse Monte Carlo Method

To make an estimation of the internal charging effect caused by the high energy electrons, a high-efficient 3-D transportation simulation code for satellite has been developed based on a reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) method implemented in Geant4. Charge production distribution, dose distribution in the sensitive volume has been simulated via forward Monte Carlo (FMC) and RMC, respectively, for the same geometry construction. Simulation results show that the computing time is significantly reduced in this RMC electron transportation simulation, especially when the sensitive volume is much smaller than the entire geometry. As an example, the computing time of RMC for a sensitive volume accounting for 0.0001% in the entire structure is only 1/500 of that of FMC. Difference of the results between RMC simulation and traditional Monte Carlo simulation is less than 10%.
Optimal Charging Control for Electric Vehicles in Smart Microgrids with Renewable Energy Sources

There is growing interest in plug-in electric vehicles (EVs). Charging EVs from smart microgrids fueled by renewable energy resources is becoming a popular green approach. Although some works have been done about renewable energy sources and EVs in smart microgrids, the stochastic characteristics and the dynamic interplay between these two important green solutions should be carefully considered. In this paper, we study the charging policies in smart microgrids with EVs and renewable energy sources. Based on the renewable energy sources states, battery states, and the number of charging EVs, an optimal charging policy is obtained to maximize the energy utilization with service availability constraints. We formulate the optimal charging problem as a stochastic decision process. Simulation results are presented to show that the proposed scheme can improve the service availability for EVs in microgrids fueled by renewable energy sources.
QoS provision with path protection for next generation SONET

We present features of next generation SONET, focusing particularly on path management. Factors such as QoS metrics and path protection are keys to realize automatic and dynamic path management. Two algorithms (the sequential algorithm and the parallel algorithm) to provide QoS and protection path in SONET are proposed and discussed in detail. They balance the network load by circumventing heavily loaded links, and reduce the network resource consumption by selecting the shortest paths. Simulation results demonstrate that they are practical solutions for path management of next generation SONET.
An effective fuzz input generation method for protocol testing

Random fuzzer is a powerful tool to find vulnerabilities of protocol implementations. One important approach to generate test inputs uses regular expression, and the input may include all possible combinations of fundamental characters. Thus the number of test cases may be tremendous, and furthermore, equivalent strings may usually be generated. In this paper, an effective fuzz input generation method integrating random signal process and regular expression is proposed. Random signal processing technology helps to reduce equivalent inputs, and the regular expression method helps to cover as much special cases in input domain. By enlarging the distance between input cases, the method can reduce equivalent inputs dramatically, while at the same time cover as much special inputs. Protocol specific information element is also considered in the method.
The Nucleotide Sequence Diversity Analysis of the Pig MyoG Gene

The MyoG gene was sequenced in 63 individuals from 10 breeds (eight Chinese domestic breeds, one recently derived breed and one introduced breed) of pigs in this experiment to analyze the nucleotide sequence diversity of the MyoG gene. The following conclusions can be drawn from the experiment. In the complete sequence of the pig MyoG gene, the content of C+G base is significantly higher than that of A+T. And the high content of G and C base in the coding region caused that bias. In the coding region of the MyoG gene, the G and C base are abundant at the 1st and the 3rd site of the codon, especially at the 3rd site. The high content of G and C base is beneficial for the stability of the MyoG gene. Generally speaking, the MyoG gene is very conservative, the composition and construction of the coding region are very stability, but mutations can be found in noncoding region. Transversion happens with higher frequency than that of transition, and transition happens mainly between T and C base, transversions mainly between G and C base. In the flanking region and intronic region, the MyoG gene has relatively high nucleotide diversity. These mutations exist in noncoding region caused the nucleotide sequence diversity of the MyoG gene.
The SOMN-HMM Model and Its Application to Automatic Synthesis of 3D Character Animations

Learning HMM from motion capture data for automatic 3D character animation synthesis is becoming a hot spot in research areas of computer graphics and machine learning. To ensure realistic synthesis, the model must be learned to fit the real distribution of human motion. Usually the fitness is measured by likelihood. In this paper, we present a new HMM learning algorithm, which incorporates stochastic optimization technique within the expectation-maximization (EM) learning framework. This algorithm is less prone to be trapped in local optimal and converges faster than traditional Baum-Welch learning algorithm. We apply the new algorithm to learning 3D motion under control of a style variable, which encodes the mood or personality of the performer. Given new style value, motions with corresponding style can be generated from the learned model.
The effects of mismatched roll-off factor on the receiving performance of QAM signals

Investigating the blind roll-off factor estimation of QAM signals has great significance in non-cooperative communication. In this paper we analyze and simulate the effects of roll-off factor error and the mismatched filter order on the receiving performance for the receiver with symbol timing recovery (STR) or without receiving processing(without STR). The results show that the effect is very small. It is reasonable to set the roll-off factor of the receiving square-root raised cosine (SRRC) filter to be 0.5–0.7 without knowing the roll-off factor of the transmission SRRC filter and it has the smallest influence on receiving performance. The higher order (which means greater out-of-band attenuation) of receiving filter can not obviously improve the receiving performance. On the contrary it makes the receiver more complicated and more difficult to implement.
Weak Signal Detection in Noisy Chaotic Time Series Using ORBFNN

This paper considers the problem of detection of weak signal detection in noisy chaotic time series using an Optimal Radial Basis Function Neural Network(ORBFNN). Based on chaotic dynamic mechanism, using ORBFNN to establish the forecast model of chaotic time series. When noise exists, to determine the structure of an optimal RBF predictor, we propose a new technique called the cross-validated subspace method to estimate the optimum number of hidden units. Which is used to identify a suitable number of hidden units by detecting the dimension of the subspace spanned by the signal eigenvectors, the cross validation method is applied to prevent the problem of overfitting. The results of theoretical analysis and simulation indicate the effectiveness of the ORBFNN predictor. The infection degree of noise is evaluated in quantity in the end. Results show that the proposed ORBFNN predictor can provide a further improvement in signal detection performance. Chaos; predictio; weak signal detection
Mining Association Rules Based on Cloud Model and Application in Credit Card Marketing

Mining association rules is an important issue in KDD applications. In this paper, we first use the cloud model to dynamically divide attribute value to overcome the shortcoming that the concept was partitioned by experience, and then explore the application of cloud models in mining association rules from credit card database by the improved Apriori algorithm. The result of experiment shows that the method is effective and flexible in holding uncertainties. By analyzing cloud association rules, valuable advice can be provided for the commercial banks to implement personalized marketing.
Design and analysis of a high-speed XYZ nanopositioning stage

This paper presents the design and analysis of a high-speed XYZ nanopositioning stage. The developed stage is composed of a parallel-kinematic XY stage and a Z stage which is nested within the end-effector of the XY stage. To achieve high resonance frequencies, four special flexure modules with large stiffness are employed for the XY stage. These modules are arranged symmetrically to reduce cross-coupling between X- and Y-axis. For the Z stage, a symmetrical leaf flexure parallelogram mechanism is adopted, which has high resonance frequencies and no cross-coupling. Static and dynamic analysis are performed respectively to establish analytical models for the developed XYZ stage. Based on these models, the dimensions of the stage are optimized to maximize the first resonance frequency of the X-and Y-axis. Then, finite-element analysis (FEA) is conducted to validate the performance of the developed XYZ nanopositioning stage. The FEA results reveal that the workspace of the stage is 9.2 μm × 9.2 μm × 3.1 pm and the first resonance frequencies of the stage in three axes are 7.3 kHz, 7.3 kHz and 46.2 kHz, respectively, which agrees with the analytical results.
Study on thermal model of dynamic temperature calculation of single-core cable based on Laplace calculation method

In order to achieve the real-time calculation of cable core temperature, according to principles of heat transfer, proposed is the way of calculating cable core temperature based on the actual operating current and the cable surface temperature. This paper studies the dynamic response of cable core temperature based on the core temperature. Changes of actual running currents result in dynamic response of cable core temperature. In order to input the actual continuously changing real-time current into a real-time calculation model of cable core temperature, a set up of an equivalent Laplace thermal model of single-core cable according to cable core thermal circuit model has been developed using transform lumped parameter methods. This paper provides a reference and theoretical support for a real-time calculation model of the cables continuously changing current in operation. A step input current is applied and to achieve a continuously changing current as the input parameter for calculating the cable core real-time temperature. This is accomplished using the thermal circuit model which is able to calculate the core real-time temperature based on the above analysis. Finally, test and operating data can prove effectiveness and feasibility of cable core real-time temperature model which can calculate core temperature and cable temperature field by the actual cable surface temperature and the actual running real-time current.
Experimental and numerical study on an HTS air core transformer with pancake structure

This paper presents the characteristic tests and electromagnetic analysis of a single-phase high temperature superconducting (HTS) air core transformer prototype. Single pancake (SP) windings with GdBCO coated conductors were used in this transformer. The primary windings were six SPs connected in series and the secondary windings were three SPs connected in parallel. Fundamental, loss and critical current characteristics were obtained by no-load and load tests. A field-circuit coupled model built in COMSOL was used to analyze the electromagnetic characteristic of this transformer. The experiment results were in consistent with the simulation values. The numerical model was validated, and could be applied in engineering. Finally, the circulating currents with and without an iron core were calculated. The transformer with an iron core has a smaller circulating current than that of without an iron core.
Existence and uniqueness of positive solution for 2nth order Lidstone BVPs on time scales

In this paper, the existence and uniqueness of positive solution for 2nth order Lidstone boundary value problems on time scales are obtained by using mixed monotone method. When the time scale T is chosen as ℝ or ℤ, the problem is the corresponding continuous or discrete boundary value problem. Such boundary value problems play an important role in research of control theory.
Junction-Temperature Determination in InGaN Light-Emitting Diodes Using Reverse Current Method

A method is presented in this study to determine the junction temperature (<i>T</i><sub>j</sub>) of LED in terms of the relationship between the diode reverse current (<i>I</i><sub>R</sub>) and <i>T</i><sub>j</sub> . A theoretical model for the dependence of <i>I</i><sub>R</sub> on <i>T</i><sub>j</sub> is derived on the basis of the Shockley equation and is validated by our experimental results. The method is compared with the conventional forward voltage method, and its advantages have been identified.
The Research of Plant Simulation Based on Genetic Algorithm

Plants simulation is a challenging research domain. Under the condition that external environment affect trees, the paper proposes that adopting illumination model as plants-growing simulation mechanism, optimizing and adjusting external-environment parameters with genetic algorithm, and simulating the plant-growing process well. Experiments results show that using phototropism of plants and influence among them, forest-environment model established by GA can avoid cross and overcast among trees as far as possible, reflect tree-growing space characteristic well, and reproduce the forest-growing process factually.
Low-Voltage Junctionless Oxide-Based Thin-Film Transistors Self-Assembled by a Gradient Shadow Mask

A gradient shadow-mask diffraction method is proposed for the fabrication of junctionless indium-tin-oxide (ITO) and indium-zinc-oxide (IZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with different channel thicknesses on one glass substrate during one-batch radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The operation mode and saturation field-effect mobility of the room-temperature-processed oxide-based junctionless TFTs are channel thickness dependent, and the threshold voltages shift from negative to positive when the self-assembled channel thickness is reduced to a critical thickness.