nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Determination of Camera Location from 2-D to 3-D Line and Point Correspondences

A method for the determination of camera location from two-dimensional (2-D) to three-dimensional (3-D) straight line or point correspondences is presented. With this method, the computations of the rotation matrix and the translation vector of the camera are separable. First, the rotation matrix is found by a linear algorithm using eight or more line correspondences, or by a nonlinear algorithm using three or more line correspondences, where the line correspondences are either given or derived from point correspondences. Then, the translation vector is obtained by solving a set of linear equations based on three or more line correspondences, or two or more point correspondences. Eight 2-D to 3-D line correspondences or six 2-D to 3-D point correspondences are needed for the linear approach; three 2-D to 3-D line or point correspondences for the nonlinear approach. Good results can be obtained in the presence of noise if more than the minimum required number of correspondences are used.
An Efficient Time-Bound Hierarchical Key Management Scheme for Secure Broadcasting

In electronic subscription and pay TV systems, data can be organized and encrypted using symmetric key algorithms according to predefined time periods and user privileges and then broadcast to users. This requires an efficient way of managing the encryption keys. In this scenario, time-bound key management schemes for a hierarchy were proposed by Tzeng and Chien in 2002 and 2005, respectively. Both schemes are insecure against collusion attacks. In this paper, we propose a new key assignment scheme for access control, which is both efficient and secure. Elliptic-curve cryptography is deployed in this scheme. We also provide the analysis of the scheme with respect to security and efficiency issues.
Critical currents in a high-T/sub c/ superconducting short dipole antenna

Measurements on a liquid-nitrogen-cooled, superconducting short-dipole aerial at 550 MHz are presented. The measured relative field strength as a function of frequency is shown for an excitation current well below the critical value. The field strength is shown as a function of frequency for input powers of 25 dBm, 28 dBm, and 31 dBm. An estimate of the RF critical current is made from deviations in linearity with input power.
A novel trench DRAM cell with a vertical access transistor and buried strap (VERI BEST) for 4 Gb/16 Gb

Results are presented for a novel trench capacitor DRAM cell using a vertical access transistor along the storage trench sidewall which effectively decouples the gate length from the lithographic groundrule. A unique feature of this cell is the vertical access transistor in the array which is self-aligned to the buried strap connection of the storage trench (VERI BEST) and bounded by trench isolation oxide. The VERI BEST cell concept, process and electrical results obtained from 8F/sup 2/ test cell arrays at 0.175 /spl mu/m groundrules are described in this paper.
An improved scheme based on fuzzy logic for EHV transmission line protection

This paper presents an improved scheme for real time fault location and classification in a power transmission system using a fuzzy technique. A protection algorithm is based on the monitoring of the high frequency components on overhead lines caused by a sudden change in the system. This results in a travelling wave combination of aerial and ground modes, initiated from the fault point. A possible application to detect the type of fault based on modal analysis is proposed. This paper shows that a fuzzy approach can be useful in transmission line protection, whenever fuzzy decisions have to be undertaken. Simulation results are used to illustrate the basic features of the performance of the new scheme on a simple 220 kV-transmission line.
A simple linear adaptive speed control of energy efficient DC drives

This investigation is concerned with the model reference linear adaptive speed control of DC drives, incorporating separately excited DC motors, subjected to uncertainties including parameter variations, ensuring optimum efficiency. The adaptive controller, using the integral adaptive law, drives the plant output speed to the desired speed at any load and maximum efficiency is maintained by controlling the field current by an integral controller in the loss control loop (LCL). The stability of the speed control loop (SCL) has been established by using linear techniques (for the first time), ignoring the interaction between this and LCL whose stability is established using a new Lyapunov function. The simulation results confirm the analytical findings.
Animated talking head with personalized 3D head model

Natural Human-Computer Interface requires integration of realistic audio and visual information for perception and display. An example of such an interface is an animated talking head displayed on the computer screen in the form of a human-like computer agent. This system converts text to acoustic speech with synchronized animation of mouth movements. The talking head is based on a generic 3D human head model, but to improve realism, natural looking personalized models are necessary. In this paper we report results in adapting a generic head model to 3D range data of a human head obtained from a 3D laser range scanner. This personalized model is incorporated into the talking head system. With texture mapping, the personalized model offers a more natural and realistic look than the generic model.
A force sensing Automated Insertion Tool for cochlear electrode implantation

Cochlear electrode insertion is a challenging manual procedure. One technique requires the physician to coordinate the motions of an electrode array approximately 1mm in diameter and the smaller stylet within it, using miniature forceps. A new minimally invasive access technique precludes forceps insertion because the electrode must travel through a small-diameter drilled hole to reach the cochlear access point. To address this, we present an automated insertion tool. This second generation device not only enables deployment in the minimally invasive setting, but also makes insertion velocity profiles repeatable and can sense insertion forces. Force sensing is essential because insertion forces can indicate impending damage to cochlear membranes, but are below the thresholds that can be sensed by human hands. The Automated Insertion Tool we present is designed to be compact and lightweight for straightforward integration into the operating room environment. It is able to insert an electrode with a resolution of less than 1µm, achieve velocities of up to 5mm/sec and resolve forces as small as 0.005 N.
Analysis of stability and higher-order mode interaction for a sheet-beam coupled-cavity slow-wave structure

Sheet-beam coupled-cavity slow-wave structures (SWS) are inherently 3-dimensional with complicated electric fields and overmoded dispersion. To perform initial analyses of the beam-wave interaction, we have modified existing 1-dimensional cylindrical-beam models to accommodate the sheet-beam geometry. Here we discuss the models, assess the accuracy of approaches, present results of stability analyses, and describe beam interactions with higher-order modes (HOMs) in the structure , some of which overlap the fundamental mode in frequency.
Audio-visual affect recognition in activation-evaluation space

The ability of a computer to detect and appropriately respond to changes in a user's affective state has significant implications to human-computer interaction (HCI). To more accurately simulate the human ability to assess affects through multi-sensory data, automatic affect recognition should also make use of multimodal data. In this paper, we present our efforts toward audio-visual affect recognition. Based on psychological research, we have chosen affect categories based on an activation-evaluation space which is robust in capturing significant aspects of emotion. We apply the Fisher boosting learning algorithm which can build a strong classifier by combining a small set of weak classification functions. Our experimental results show with 30 Fisher features, the testing error rates of our bimodal affect recognition is about 16% on the evaluation axis and 13% on the activation axis.
Bifurcation-induced limits of a controller-reconfigured F-16 subject to actuator failures

Complex systems like the F-16 when subject to actuator failures operate in nonlinear regimes and probably in the vicinity of bifurcation points. Therefore, in designing reconfigured controllers a designer must be aware of all bifurcation points, and their characteristics, within the impaired flight envelope. This work is the first step in that direction. The other limitations that were identified are the stability limits and the control saturation points. We considered both the nominal system, and the reconfigured system with the left elevator stuck. The nominal controller is designed according to the guidelines in the literature. The reconfigured controller is designed as a regulator with disturbance rejection capabilities. The bifurcations are associated with attempting to regulate the velocity and orientation of the aircraft. The main issues at the bifurcation points, in both the nominal and reconfigured system, are that the aircraft becomes uncontrollable and the control inputs become dependent
A region-based method for model-free object tracking

We propose a region-based method for model-free object tracking. In our method the object information of temporal motion and spatial luminance is fully utilized. We first compute the dominant motion of the tracked object. Using this result we warp the object template to generate a prediction template. Static segmentation is incorporated to modify this prediction, where the warping error of each watershed segment and its rate of overlapping with the warped template are utilized to help classification of some possible watershed segments near the object border. Applications to facial expression tracking and two-handed gesture tracking demonstrate the method's performance.
A geograprically-aware, reliable multicast protocol for tactical sensor networks

This paper investigates a geographic addressing and routing mechanism developed at the US Army's Communications - Electronics Research, Development and Engineering Center (CERDEC) in Fort Monmouth, NJ under an innovative research collaboration project with Trident Systems Inc., Fairfax, VA. Developed to support applications in military sensor networks, the geographic wireless reliable multicast (GeoWiReM) protocol uses an on-demand, mesh-based multicast routing protocol as the forwarding mechanism to deliver packets to ad hoc regions of interest delimited by geographic position. Key to this innovative technology is the ability to establish dynamic group memberships on demand; a capability which enables a user to identify message recipients without required pre-configuration. In an operational application, such dynamic groups can be defined by simply highlighting a desired area on the map instead of associating IP addresses or node IDs to a preconfigured multicast group. In order to support the reliability and efficiency requirements demanded of a tactical military application, GeoWiReM employs such mechanisms as passive and negative acknowledgments (NACK), selective retransmission for missing or corrupt data, implosion avoidance and local recovery. Though developed for use in sensor and munitions networks, the flexibility of the protocol design can be employed in a wide variety of potential applications. This paper will examine the salient features of the GeoWiReM protocol and assess its performance using modeling and simulation techniques
An Integrated Approach to 3D Motion Analysis and Object Recognition

An integrated system for 3D motion estimation and object recognition with outdoor stereo image sequences as inputs is presented. The goals are to obtain from input stereo images the 3D motion description and the identification of a vehicle moving against a stationary background. In order to accomplish the desired goals, the system consists of four stages; motion estimation, distinctive feature extraction, model database, and object recognition. The results of 3D motion estimation are used to narrow down considerably the search space in the stage of object recognition. The system is applied to eight sets of stereo image pairs. Experimental results demonstrate that the system can successfully provide the 3D motion description and the identification of the vehicle in all the stereo image pairs.
D3: Deep Dual-Domain Based Fast Restoration of JPEG-Compressed Images

In this paper, we design a Deep Dual-Domain (D3) based fast restoration model to remove artifacts of JPEG compressed images. It leverages the large learning capacity of deep networks, as well as the problem-specific expertise that was hardly incorporated in the past design of deep architectures. For the latter, we take into consideration both the prior knowledge of the JPEG compression scheme, and the successful practice of the sparsity-based dual-domain approach. We further design the One-Step Sparse Inference (1-SI) module, as an efficient and lightweighted feed-forward approximation of sparse coding. Extensive experiments verify the superiority of the proposed D3 model over several state-of-the-art methods. Specifically, our best model is capable of outperforming the latest deep model for around 1 dB in PSNR, and is 30 times faster.
Comparison of multistage gyroamplifiers operating in the frequency-multiplication regime with gyroamplifiers operating at a given Cyclotron harmonic

The operation of gyrodevices at cyclotron harmonics is very attractive because of the possibility to reduce the magnetic field requirement by s times, where s is the cyclotron harmonic number. In recent years, two methods of harmonic operation in multistage gyroamplifiers have been actively studied: operation at a given harmonic in all stages and operation in the frequency-multiplying regime when the input stage operates at a lower harmonic than the output one. The present paper is aimed at making a comparative analysis of these two schemes of operation. To do this, a simple analytical method is developed, which allows one to qualitatively describe saturation effects in both schemes and compare such performance characteristics as the efficiency, gain, and bandwidth in both schemes. The results are of interest for evaluating the pros and cons of both schemes.
(Deep) Learning from Frames

Learning content from videos is not an easy task and traditional machine learning approaches for computer vision have difficulties in doing it satisfactorily. However, in the past couple of years the machine learning community has seen the rise of deep learning methods that significantly improve the accuracy of several computer vision applications, e.g., Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets). In this paper, we explore the suitability of ConvNets for the movie trailers genre classification problem. Assigning genres to movies is particularly challenging because genre is an immaterial feature that is not physically present in a movie frame, so off-the-shelf image detection models cannot be directly applied to this context. Hence, we propose a novel classification method that encapsulates multiple distinct ConvNets to perform genre classification, namely CoNNECT, where each ConvNet learns features that capture distinct aspects from the movie frames. We compare our novel approach with the current state-of-the-art techniques for movie classification, which make use of well-known image descriptors and low-level handcrafted features. Results show that CoNNECT significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches in this task, moving towards effectively solving the genre classification problem.
Avalanche breakdown in HBTs: variation with collector current and effect on linearity

A method for measuring collector-base avalanche breakdown voltage, V/sub bk/, for a range of collector currents, I/sub c/, using fast pulsed-I/V measurements, is described. Variation of V/sub bk/ as a function of I/sub c/ in an HBT agrees with prediction based on device structure. A new equation is proposed for inclusion in simulator large-signal, nonlinear models. The avalanche current is shown to influence device linearity well below the onset of breakdown. We conclude that modeling and control of circuit distortion may require allowance for breakdown characteristics.
An integrated low power transceiver system

Wireless sensor networks(WSN) demand low power and low cost transceiver design. In this paper, an integrated transceiver system has been designed and fabricated using a 0.13µm CMOS process for ultra low power WSN applications. The system integrates an OOK receiver, a transmitter, RF/DC switches and a voltage regulator which provides comprehensive on-chip biasing circuitry in a 2×2mm2 chip. A common source low noise amplifier (LNA) works at sub-threshold range to achieve maximum power efficiency. A Villard voltage doubler circuit and a voltage transformer have been used to significantly improve the OOK signal demodulation efficiency and the system sensitivity with near zero power consumption. The system obtains a receiver sensitivity of −60 dBm with 4mW@1.4V.
Consistency checking of clinical practice guidelines with MITDL

Since a Clinical Practice Guideline describes the diagnosis and treatment process of a disease, designers of such guidelines should ensure their logical consistency. A formal approach for modeling them provides a basis for some useful reasoning (e.g., satisfiability checking). In this paper, we describe a metric interval-based temporal description logic, which is suitable for modeling the dynamic aspect of a domain and the the medical ontologies. We also propose a tableau-based algorithm for checking the satisfiability of such guidelines, to assure their logical consistency. We explain the process of encoding a real-life guideline, the “Treatment of Tuberculosis”, and present a situation where designers can use our logic and associated satisfiability algorithm to detect an inconsistency in the guideline for patients with Cirrhosis disease.
Design of control functions for an internet-based tele-robotic laboratory

Tele-robotic is one of the most popular remote control applications. It proves very useful to help humans perform various tasks, from standard industrial applications to performing tasks that are too difficult or dangerous to do by a person. Nowadays tele-robotic applications as a tool for training and education have also been increasingly popular. The development of a tele-robotic system requires handling the control design as well as the programming, that it gives an excellent practical training to students. In this paper, the development of a control remote laboratory that applies this tele-robotic technology is reported. The system architecture and the control functions within the facility are discussed. The use of minimum hardware for the servers while keeping the functions modular is proposed, and the advantages of this approach in terms of reliability and accessibility are highlighted. Some experimental results are presented, to show the functionalities of this facility to support control engineering and robotics education for engineering students at both introductory and advanced levels.
Dodrant-homomorphic encryption for cloud databases using table lookup

Users of large commercial databases increasingly want to outsource their database operations to a cloud service providers, but guaranteeing the privacy of data in an outsourced database has become the major obstacle to this move. Encrypting all data solves the privacy issue, but makes many operations on the data impossible in the cloud, unless the service provider has the capacity to decrypt data temporarily. Homomorphic encryption would solve this issue, but despite great and on-going progress, it is still far from being operationally feasible. In 2015, we presented what we now call dodrant-homomorphic encryption, a method that encrypts numeric values deterministically using the additively homomorphic Paillier encryption and uses table lookup in order to implement multiplications. We discuss here the security implications of determinism and discuss options to avoid these pitfalls.
Comparison of Electromagnetic Performance of 10-MW Superconducting Generators With Different Topologies for Offshore Direct-Drive Wind Turbines

This paper compares the electromagnetic performance of 10-MW superconducting (SC) generators with three different topologies, i.e., iron-cored stator and rotor topology (ISIRT), iron-cored stator and air-cored rotor topology (ISART), and air-cored stator and rotor topology (ASART). The objective is to provide a powerful insight into the advantages and disadvantages of different topologies, and to establish some design guidelines for selecting an appropriate direct-drive SC generator for offshore wind turbine applications. First, the structures of the three SC generator topologies are introduced. Then, the influence of the SC coil cross-sectional area on torque capability is compared. After that three SC generators with different topologies are optimized, respectively, for further comparison, including the active material cost, weight, harmonics in the electromotive force, torque ripple, field harmonics in the SC coil, and forces on the rotor and stator components, etc. It is found that, with the same SC quantity, the torque capability of the ISIRT is much better than that of the other two topologies. However, the advantage becomes less significant when a larger area of the SC coil is employed. The air-gap flux density waveform of the ASART is much smoother than those of the ISIRT and ISART. The torque ripples of the ISIRT and the ISART are much higher than that of the ASART. The field harmonics (both amplitude and frequency) in the SC coil of the ASART are the lowest. For the ISIRT, most of the force on the rotor is acting on the rotor iron, and thus, the SC coil is more likely to be safe from a mechanical performance point of view and the design of the corresponding supporting structure is simple. However, for the air-cored rotor topologies, nearly all the force is acting on the SC coil. For the air-cored stator, the force mainly acts on the armature winding, whereas for the iron-cored stator, it is mainly on the stator teeth. Due to the excellent mechanical performance of iron, the iron-cored stator is therefore more robust.
Effectiveness of harmonic mitigation equipment for commercial office buildings

Harmonic currents generated by modern office equipment increase power system heat losses and the power bills of end users. By looking at the harmonic-related losses In a specific electrical system-representing a commercial office building-energy savings and harmonic reduction benefits of different mitigation measures are quantified. Two single-phase and three three-phase active and passive harmonic filters are added to a typical building electrical system and evaluated by computer simulation. Current and voltage distortions are computed, and the estimated cost of these filters are compared to predicted losses in a power system where harmonic currents are not compensated. Results show some harmonic compensating filters are effective and others are not, depending on the filter type and location in the building wiring system.