nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantitative imaging with eigenfunctions of the scattering operator

An inverse scattering method that uses eigenfunctions of the scattering operator is described. This approach provides a unified framework that encompasses eigenfunction methods of focusing and quantitative image reconstruction in arbitrary media. Scattered acoustic fields are expressed using a compact, normal operator. The eigenfunctions of this operator correspond to the far-field patterns of source distributions that are directly proportional to the position-dependent contrast of a scattering object. The eigenfunctions also constitute a basis of an operator that is essentially equivalent to the time-reversal operator previously defined by others. Incident wave patterns specified by these eigenfunctions are used in a method that employs products of numerically calculated fields of the eigenfunctions to represent an unknown scattering medium. Analytic reconstruction formulas are derived both for the linearized inverse scattering problem and for the nonlinear problem in which the total acoustic pressure within the medium can be estimated. A modified eigenfunction imaging method that allows efficient reconstructions of large inhomogeneities is also presented. The methods are applied to obtain quantitative images of various scattering objects that span regions large compared to the wavelength of the acoustic illumination. The eigenfunction method is compared to the method of filtered backpropagation implemented by numerical quadrature and to Fourier inversion implemented by fast Fourier transformation. The results show the capability of the eigenfunction method to image objects with large ka. The results show the eigenfunction method is more efficient than the backpropagation method and can also be more efficient than Fourier inversion when the scattering operator has few eigenvalues.
A ring-signature anonymous authentication method based on one-way accumulator

Aimed at that the length of the ring signature in trusted platform anonymous authentication correlated positively with the quantity of ring members, whereas, large members lead to low efficiency. This dissertation puts forward a ring-signature anonymous authentication method based on one-way accumulator and constructs its solution in detail. In the signature stage, the ring length is fixed by the one-way accumulator which accumulates all the members' information so that the ring won't be too large with considerable members. During validation, the efficiency is promoted for the diminishment of the hash-compute times, encrypt-compute times and decrypt-compute times. Compared to typical ring signature, it indicates that new solution has lower time complexity and space complexity. At the same time, new solution guarantees anonymity and effectiveness, in addition to it makes up traditional ring-signature's weakness mentioned above, it has high efficiency on the premise of security.
An investigation of calibration approaches to RS105 test system of MIL-STD-461

MIL-STD-461 has been applied and adapted as the basis for electromagnetic interference standards in many countries. By investigating the different versions of MIL-STD-461/462 in this paper, it can be found that the requirement and procedure of system calibration of RS105 test are more and more specific and comprehensive. Some problems are also discussed subsequently in the application of the calibration method of the current valid version of MIL-STD-461.
Based on the Fuzzy Math of the Major Rivers in Hunan Province Water Quality Assessment

Water resources of Hunan province are rich. With the rapid development of industries and cities, the water pollution of the Hunan province becomes more and more serious. Analysis the present water quality comprehensive evaluation methods at home and abroad, apply the fuzzy math principle to comprehensive evaluations of the water quality to the major rivers in Hunan Province, and compare with those years of the water quality status of the four rivers in Hunan, confirm this evaluation method is a positive practical significance on the correct assessment river water quality.
Memristive Properties of Transparent $({\rm La},\,{\rm Sr}){\rm MnO}_{3}$ Thin Films Deposited on ITO Glass at Room Temperature

Amorphous La1-xSrxMnO3 (a-LSMO) thin films were deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) glass at room temperature by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. The transmittance of a-LSMO (10 nm)/ITO/glass is 75% at 600 nm, which is promising for transparent memristors. The Ag/a-LSMO (10 nm)/ITO/glass memristor exhibits nonvolatile bipolar resistive switching properties with a resistance ratio , stable write/erase endurance , and long retention. The memristor can exhibit pinched hysteresis loops under high-frequency voltage excitations. These memristive properties are ascribed to diameter changes of the Ag nanofilament in the a-LSMO.
Five-Level Active-Neutral-Point-Clamped DC/DC Converter for Medium-Voltage DC Grids

This paper proposes a five-level active-neutral-point-clamped (5L-ANPC) dc/dc converter for applications in medium-voltage dc grids. A modulation strategy is proposed for the 5L-ANPC dc/dc converter to generate multilevel voltage waveforms, which can effectively reduce voltage change rate  $\text{dv/ dt}$, reduce voltage stress on the transformer, and thus reduce the electromagnetic interference and increase reliability. An elimination method for the dead time effect is also proposed along with the proposed modulation strategy by employing a switch in series with the flying capacitor, which can effectively eliminate high voltage leaps caused by the dead time effect. In addition, a capacitor voltage control strategy is proposed for the 5L-ANPC dc/dc converter to ensure the balanced flying capacitor voltage and desired five-level voltage waveforms. Finally, simulation and experimental studies are conducted, and the results have verified the proposed converter and control strategies.
Efficient background picture coding for videos obtained from static cameras

With the exponential growth of surveillance videos, conference videos and sports videos, videos with static cameras present an unprecedented challenge for high-efficiency video coding technology. The existing schemes developed for these videos mostly encode the background as the long-term reference (LTR) to further improve the coding efficiency. However, since the bit allocation of the long-term background reference is not intensively studied, the coding efficiency is still unsatisfactory. Based on the stability analysis of the video content, an efficient background picture coding algorithm for videos obtained from static cameras, which is embedded with the basic unit level bit allocation, is proposed in this paper. Experimental results reveal that on top of the default mode in HEVC, our method offers the performance with 10.8% BD-rate reduction on average. Compared with the state-of-the-art algorithm, it still outperforms for kinds of test sequences with negligible increases of computational complexity in both encoder and decoder.
Numerical Simulation of Liquid Level Based on Admixture Control Calculate Method

In the petroleum and the chemical energy systems, the bottom liquid-level of the rectifying column is of much impact on the normal of work of the rectifying column. However, it is difficult to work out an exact mathematically model for the bottom liquid-level, which justifies the unsatisfactory results of regular control methods based on modeling. The fuzzy control method is a new intelligent control method. It is of much inborn superiority to control those plants which cannot be exactly mathematically modeled. As a result, this paper designs a fuzzy controller, adopt the admixture control calculate method to control the bottom liquid-level of the rectifying column. The results of simulation based on the fuzzy control toolbox of MATLAB show that this control scheme can make good accomplishment.
Oriented demodulation and frequency splitting for directive filtering based compounding

Compounding reduces speckle by averaging envelope detected data from several decorrelated looks. Directive filtering based compounding uses a Gabor-like filter bank to extract sub-bands from two dimensional RF data. Under the k-space response framework, each sub-band corresponds to using translated sub-apertures on transmit and receive. We extend the filter bank to allow sub-bands of different axial frequency centers, providing additional tradeoffs among lateral resolution, axial resolution, and compounding. Additionally, we propose an oriented demodulation that removes the 2-D carrier on each sub-band signal, which is necessary if the compounding averaging are to use complex baseband data. The methods were applied on in-vivo and phantom RF data for different filter bank configurations, yielding SNR improvements that are about 90% of the best attainable increase with respect to the number of filters used.
A New Strategy for P2P Server Resource Allocation

Recent success deployment of P2P streaming can provided hundreds of media channels of users at any given time. This evokes an interesting question can the streaming server allocate channel resources efficiently with limited capabilities? In this paper, we propose an auction-based new strategy for resources allocation. The mechanism enable streaming server can provide service according to peer’s bidding. Comparing to previous work, our strategy is more focus on server side while not peer side. This game model can maximize the benefits of service provider. The outcome shows our strategy yields an efficient and equal resources allocation schedule.
A decomposition method for analog fault location

In this paper, fault location in large analog networks by decomposition method is generalized to include subnetworks not explicitly testable. Assume that the network topology and nominal values of network components are known and the network-under-test is partitioned into subnetworks once for all. The decomposition nodes could be either the accessible nodes whose nodal voltages can be measured or the inaccessible nodes whose nodal voltages under faulty condition can be computed by a new method proposed in this paper. The new method reduces the test requirements for the number of accessible nodes and increases the flexibility of decomposition. Location of faulty subnetworks and subsequent location of faulty components are implemented based on checking consistency of the KCL equations for the decomposition nodes and using ambiguity group location techniques. This method can be applied to linear or non-linear networks, and is particularly effective for the large scale analog networks. An example circuit is provided to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
Detection of the Intimal and Adventitial Layers of the Carotid Artery based on Snakes

The segmentation and analysis of the carotid artery is useful for the diagnosis of serious cardiovascular disease. Several methods have been presented for the segmentation of ultrasound carotid artery images, but almost all need a certain degree of user interaction. In this paper, we present an automatic segmentation method for detecting the intimal and adventitial layers. The method firstly uses the blood flow image to determine the position of the carotid artery, and then the identification of the region of interest (ROI) will be performed. We use the Fuzzy c-means cluster algorithm to distinguish the initial intimal and adventitial layers of the carotid artery. Finally, the energy definition of active contour model is used. The internal force and external force in the snake model are modified to be suitable for our approach. The carotid artery intimal-medial thickness is considered and adjusted to the energy of the active contour model.
Analysis of the wave traveling characteristic of hybrid surge protective device and its protective performance

Based on the wave traveling theory, this paper emphatically discussed the hybrid surge protective techniques from theoretic analysis and numerical simulation viewpoint. When discussing the hybrid surges protective devices, we take the MOV (metal oxide varistor) as example, analyzing its V-I characteristic and its wave traveling. The purpose is to stress the importance to eliminate the high frequency contents in surges along with clamping the over voltage peak, the filter circuits must be added to consist the hybrid surge protective devices. Moreover, the clamping voltage capability of surge protective device was simulated from EMTP, the filter circuit form was ascertained, and the inductance and capacitance parameters selecting rule of L-C filter circuit was concluded. The test results further confirmed the validity of theoretic analysis and simulation conclusion. That is, the hybrid surge protection is the only EMC plan that not only can control the low frequency weight, but also restrain the high frequency disturbance. This technique is not only reasonable about economic, but also feasible in technology.
A Study on the Generalized Intelligence Assessment

A study on the intelligence property measurement and assessment was carried out in order to clarify the concept of the “intelligence” possessed by machines or systems. Such methods like sharing, induction, analysis and simulation was adopted to perform study on algorithm and assessment methods and presented the generalized intelligence algorithm and generalized intelligence assessment method. By employing the intelligent mobile robot as platform, we performed hardware and software design and test which attribute the robot the self recognition intelligence property. The test results show that the intelligent mobile robot differs from simple mobile robot and possesses the intelligent property of indigenously identifying the object of measurement. The generalized property of generalized intelligence grants an ample room of growth, allowing for the development of the intelligence system and the starting of intelligence property test and assessment.
Filtering location stream in moving object database

One of the challenges to build a high performance moving object database (MOD) is how to efficiently process the location stream which are inserted at a high rate beyond the tolerance of database, while location accuracy needs to be preserved. Based on CAMEL, an MOD prototype implemented in IBM China Research Lab, we present the location filter module and integrate it into the CAMEL to address the issue. The proposed location filter includes two components: the online location filter to filter the location stream online by filtering algorithm plug-ins, and the temporal location manager to insert location data into database at an acceptable insertion rate. An enhanced adaptive location stream filtering algorithm (ALSF) based on the mobility pattern of moving objects, as well as several other filtering algorithms, are also introduced. Experiments with the simulated data show the performance advantage of the enhanced ALSF algorithm.
Research on Price Mechanism for Pumped-Storage Power Station in Power System Including Large-Scale Wind Farms

To improve the energy utilization efficiency of power systems and solve the bottleneck problem of wind power development, the combined operation mode of wind power and pumped storage power could be adopted where there were some water resources. Based on the analysis the impact of large-scale wind power farm on the grid and the necessity of combined operation, considering the current price mechanism in China, this paper applies the incentive compatibility principle to propose the two-part electricity price for pumped-storage power station mode based on correctly guide the investment of power station and promoting the safe and economical operation of power system. It is able to encourage the combined mode. In the end, examples results show the two-part electricity price for pumped-storage power station can effectively encourage the combined operation mode and promote the wind power industry healthy development.
Dynamic Analysis of an Electromagnetic Microrelay with Contact Force

An electromagnetic microrelay is dynamically designed with contact, and its performance principle is presented. By analysis of the electromagnetic driving force and damp force, the dynamic model is established. Synthetically taken into account the dynamic factors of inertia, air damping and contact force, the armature’s pull-in characteristic is discussed in detail. The analytical results indicate that structure parameters of the armature, such as thickness, width, skin and thigh, have considerable effect on the contact area, switching time and intensity of the microrelay. The conclusions of this paper also are suitable for other similar microrelay.
Modeling and simulation for electric vehicle powertrain controls

This paper reviewed the main stream of commercial software for electric vehicle simulation and briefly discussed the advantage of physical modeling tool. A dynamic simulation model of electric vehicle (EV) was developed using Matlab/Simulink and SimPowerSystem/SimDriveline toolbox. The EV model has a configurable structure that is suitable to simulation with multiple fidelity levels. This advantage will combine simulation models associated with deployment and test for different controllers to a single platform. It has multiple running rates and different solvers for subsystems in order to speed up simulation. The electrical system model is capable to simulate power electronics behavior both on average and switching level. An automated mechanical transmission (AMT) model and its controller were developed for heavy duty application, such as a city bus. It can simulate drive train discontinuous behavior (e.g. clutch engage/disengage) and longitudinal vibration.
Effects of dielectric values of human eye models on specific absorption rate following rf exposure

Specific absorption rate (SAR) is employed here to study the relationship between the radiation of a mobile handset and the human eye models. In the paper, the SAR in two human eye models, whose dielectric values are increased from the original by ±10% and ±20% are studied using the finite-difference time-domain method. A dipole antenna is used as an exposure source at 1800MHz. Through the simulation, the averaged values of SAR per 1g tissue and point SAR at frequency 1800MHz are obtained. The simulation results show that the variation of maximum averaged 1g SAR values is less than 12% when the dielectric properties change up to 20% at the operationfrequency of 1800 MHz. The variation of point SAR values is almost 30% when the dielectric properties change up to 20% at the operationfrequency of 1800 MHz.
Research of the Synthesis Control of Force and Position in Electro-Hydraulic Servo System

The synthesis control of force and position in electro-hydraulic servo system has been applied to some special occasions. Analyzed a typical system which adopted this kind of control algorithm. Applying unchanged structure theory, the compensated transfer function has been deduced, the compensated state-space model is presented. Considering the synthesis control should meet the requirement to force and position at the same time , introduced the linear quadratic performance fonctionelle, the optimized control formula of the synthesis control of force and position on total state feedback has been deduced. The simulation results proved that the compensated state-space model has more superior performance.
Application of GIS in Telecommunication Information Resources Management System

In recent years, GIS (Geographic Information System) develops rapidly, and it is applied in various industries. But the application of GIS in telecommunication information resources(such as Base Station) management is far behind its application in other areas. Using the programmable interfaces provided by Google Earth API, we created an information management system which has the map functions to probe the application of GIS in telecommunication information management. The system adopts the B/S three-tier architecture model and uses the Google Earth API to embed the Google Earth into the system website. It uses Oracle database to save the system data, and the spatial data(latitude, longitude and altitude). Then system data, and the spatial data make the KML file which is used by WEB MAPS Client. These can improve the system's extensibility greatly and reduce the developing difficulty and cost remarkably in managing kinds of resources and making kinds of decision.
Block-based Fast Compression for Compound Images

This paper presents a novel block-based fast compression (BFC) algorithm for compound images that contain graphics, text and natural images. The images are divided to blocks, which are classified into four different types - smooth blocks, text blocks, hybrid blocks and picture blocks with a fast and effective block-based classification algorithm. Four different coding algorithms are carefully designed for each block type according to their different statistical properties to maximize the compression performance. Simulations show that the BFC algorithm we propose has much lower complexity than DjVu with significant better visual quality at high bit rate, and it also outperforms the popular lossy image coding method JPEG
Maximum similarity degree for 2D fuzzy face recognition

In this paper, a maximum similarity criterion is proposed which is adapted to a new fuzzy face recognition method (namely, 2DFMS). The similarity degree between faces is defined by a nonlinear function. Based on this similarity, an improvement fuzzy membership function is obtained by applying k-nearest neighbor. Then, 2DFMS extracts the features from face images directly so that it will not suffer from the SSS problem. Finally, in the projected space, the test image is identified according to a specific classifier, which is based on a maximum similarity criterion. The whole algorithm is implemented on ORL and Yale face database to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness.
Design of the high-performance radio frequency receiver for IEEE 802.11ac system

This paper presents the design of RF receiver operating in 5.0GHz to 6.0GHz band for high throughput IEEE 802.11ac system. A double-conversion super-heterodyne architecture with IF of 1.05GHz is employed and the maximum bandwidth is 80MHz. Measurement results show that the receiver has excellent performance. The noise figure is about 4.6dB and the gain flatness over any 80MHz bandwidth is less than 1.8dB. In addition, it achieves a wide dynamic range from -80dBm to 5dBm. For 80MHz 256-QAM 802.11ac signal, the EVMs at 5.15GHz, 5.45GHz and 5.85GHz are 1.02%, 0.86% and 0.86% respectively.
A Multifunction Measurement Instrument for Applied Superconductor Properties and Applications

A multifunction measurement instrument used for evaluating properties of applied superconductors and their device applications has been developed. It is able to carry out measurements with user-friendly and flexible operation. Its flexible design can also be applied to suit the measurement of different properties by modifying the initial input parameters and calculation methods. Examples of applications are presented to verify the method and instrument, along with detailed theoretical calculations and testing results.