nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Wireless Resource Allocation in Next Generation Healthcare Facilities

Healthcare facilities with intelligent wireless devices can reduce the workload of the paramedic staff. These devices include low-power wireless sensors, personal wireless hub (PWH), and receivers. The PWH can act as a relay in the hospital network. To help the wireless sensor devices, we use multiple PWHs to transfer sensor data to the main central controller. The use of multiple PWHs can increase the performance of the wireless network in the hospital. It also adds reliability to the coverage of the wireless network. In this paper, we propose a framework and low-complexity algorithm for interference aware joint power control and multiple PWH assignment (IAJPCPA) in a hospital building with cognitive radio capability. In the proposed framework, any wireless sensor device can send and receive data from multiple PWHs. The proposed IAJPCPA is a nonconvex mixed integer nonlinear optimization problem, which is generally NP-hard. The main objective of IAJPCPA is to maximize the total transmission data rate by assigning PWHs to the wireless sensor devices under the constraint of acceptable interference to the licensed wireless devices. To this end, we present an efficient PWH assignment and power control scheme for IAJPCPA problem by employing an upper bound on the IAJPCPA that converts the nonconvex problem into a convex optimization problem. Finally, we examine the effect of different system parameters on the performance of the proposed algorithm.
A novel procedure for design and synthesis of waveguide filters using the genetic algorithm

A general optimization scheme for the autonomous design of transverse waveguide filters has been presented. By employing a novel genetic algorithm in conjunction with a commercial FEM software package, the technique demonstrated here is readily applicable to a wide variety of waveguide filter problems. Specifically, the method was shown to yield excellent results for notch and bandpass filter responses when comparing ideal, simulated, and measured |S21| responses
Power Allocation and Relay Assignment for Shared-Band Nonregenerative Relaying in Cognitive Radio Systems

The use of multiple relays can increase the performance of a cooperative communication system. A well-designed multiple-relay-assignment and power-allocation scheme can be helpful in reducing interference induced to primary users (PUs) in a cognitive radio system (CRS). In this correspondence, we propose a joint multiple-relay-assignment and power-allocation (JRAPA) scheme in shared-band nonregenerative relaying in CRSs. The main aim of JRAPA in CRSs is to maximize sum capacity under the constraint that the interference to the PUs is below their specified levels. The proposed JRAPA is an NP-hard nonconvex mixed-integer nonlinear optimization problem (NC-MINLP). We propose a greedy iterative JRAPA (IJRAPA) scheme for CRSs. The complexity of the proposed IJRAPA is quadratic with the number of relays. The effectiveness of IJRAPA is verified through simulation results satisfactorily.
Expected file-delivery time of deferred NAK ARQ in CCSDS file-delivery protocol

We analyze an automatic repeat-request (ARQ) scheme of the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems file-delivery protocol for the single-hop file-transfer operation. With regard to performance measures, this paper is mainly concerned with the time taken to transfer a file (file-delivery time) and throughput efficiency. We discuss the ARQ timer-setting rule that minimizes the expected file-delivery time under the constraint that the throughput efficiency is maximized. Then, for that timer-setting rule, we derive the expected file-delivery time.
Global Optimization Algorithm and sub-optimal algorithms for power allocation in two-way relay assisted cognitive radio networks

In this paper, we consider a two-way cognitive relay network comprising two sources and multiple relays. The relays use a simple Amplify-and-Forward relaying mechanism. For such networks, we formulate the max-min and sum capacity optimization problems. The formulated optimization problems are non-convex and nonlinear in nature. We obtain the optimal solution of the optimization problems by using a known technique called Global Optimization Algorithm (GOP). We note that the computational complexity of the GOP algorithm grows exponentially with the number of relays. Therefore, we propose low-complexity heuristics that provide suboptimal solutions to the given optimization problems. The simulation results show that the performance of the heuristics is close to that of the respective optimal solutions.
III-V/Si Hybrid Laser Stabilization Using Micro-Ring Feedback Control

We present a real-time approach for stabilizing a III-V/Si hybrid external-cavity laser implemented using microring monitoring and a feedback control loop. Laser mode stabilization over bias current and stage temperature variations are experimentally demonstrated. We achieved single-mode and mode-hop-free laser operation as the bias current was swept across 320 mA. The same feedback control also enabled wavelength-locked laser operation using an intracavity phase control. The feedback control was also applied to an integrated on-chip hybrid laser, and mode-hop-free laser operation was demonstrated over 23 °C substrate temperature variation.
Performance analysis of maximum likelihood blind spreading factor detection using FOSSIL

We describe and propose the usage of a new codeword set to achieve the symbol rate (or spreading factor) adaptation in a CDMA communication network. Then we analyze the performance of a symbol-by-symbol, non-coherent, maximum-likelihood, blind spreading factor detector. The probability of false detection, which is also referred as the detection error rate (DER) in other studies, is analyzed for a multi-rate CDMA communication link with AWGN. The analysis shows that when the SNR is greater than 17 dB, the probability of false detection is around 10/sup -6/.
Monolithic chip-to-chip WDM optical proximity coupler utilizing echelle grating multiplexer/demultiplexer integrated with micro mirrors built on SOI platform

We report the first monolithically integrated chip-to-chip WDM optical proximity coupler with 4-channel × 200GHz-spacing multiplexer/demultiplexer (MUX/DEMUX) functionality utilizing an echelle grating, micro reflective mirrors, and waveguide mode transformers on single silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate.
Heel and toe lifting walk controller for traversing uneven terrain

When a humanoid robot traverses uneven terrain, such as stairs, possible footstep positions are constrained and the robot must take large strides. For robots with relatively short leg lengths, making such big strides is kinematically challenging. Possible solutions include lowering the torso height, relying on fast and dynamic stepping, and reducing foot size. However, all of these methods negatively affect performance by either reducing the stability or requiring higher joint torques. In this paper, we present a new locomotion controller that utilizes toe and heel lift to overcome this kinematic constraint for uneven terrain traversal. Given the ground inclination and projected ankle position, desirable toe and heel lift angles are calculated so that the robot can remain in double support while satisfying kinematic and joint range of motion constraints. We demonstrate the controller in physically realistic simulations and with the THOR-RD full-sized humanoid robot in the DARPA Robotics Challenge Finals competition.
Package characterization on advanced NBA-QFN structure

In recent years, electronic product have been demanded more functionalities, miniaturization, higher performance, reliability and low cost. Therefore, IC chip is required to deliver more signal I/O and better electrical characteristics under the same package footprint. None-Lead Bump Array (NBA) Chip Scale Structure is then developed to meet those requirements offering better electrical performance, more I/O accommodation and high transmission speed. To evaluate NBA package capability, the solder joint life, package warpage, die corner stress and thermal performance are characterized. Firstly, investigations on the warpage, die corner stress and thermal performance of NBA-QFN structure are performed by the use of Finite Element Method (FEM). Secondly, experiments are conducted for the solder joint reliability performance with different solder coverage and standoff height In the conclusion of this study, NBA-QFN would have no warpage risk, lower die corner stress and better thermal performance than TFBGA from simulation result. Beside that, the simulation result shows good agreement with experimental data. From the drop test study, with solder coverage less than 50% and standoff height lower than 40um would perform better solder joint life than others.
Performance Loss Due to Imperfect Knowledge of Offered Load in CAC Policies

In this paper, we investigate the effect of imperfect traffic load assessment on the performance of call admission control (CAC) policies in a circuit-switched cellular network. We study two policies that are designed to achieve optimal average data throughput of the system - the optimal stationary randomized call admission control policy (DCA-CAC) and the optimal static fixed-set-partition policy (FCA-FSP). We analyze and numerically evaluate the performance of these polices, which are optimized for somewhat erroneous assessment of the subscribers' call traffic load. The evaluation is done in two-fold 1) impact on throughput 2) impact on blocking probability.
Adaptive packet forwarding for relative differentiated services and categorized packet video

We explore a methodology to divide an application's data into several categories and send them through different IP differentiated services vices (DiffServ) grades. The issues are motivated by a futuristic infrastructure wherein the Internet service provider charges different prices to packets going through different service grades. This paper discusses how a subscriber of the DiffServ can assign different grades to real-time video packets on the basis of the packets' relative importance under the constraint of communication expenses. For relative DiffServ, we present an adaptive packet forwarding mechanism to preserve the performance ratio among service grades persistently over different time scales. Through experiments we observe how this packet forwarding mechanism improves the the quality of the application that maps the packets into the different service grades. In the experiment the end-to-end performance is evaluated by the error resilient packet video transmission using ITU-T H.263+ codec over a simulated Diffserv network.
Improving the segmentation of lung vessel trees by reducing the uncertainty in neutrosophic transform

Most applications in the field of medical image processing require precise estimation. Efficient and automatic image segmentation methods are useful for the isolation and visualization of vessels in computed tomographic angiography (CTA). There have been many methods proposed for the segmentation of vessels. To achieve this goal, this work aims to improve the segmentation of lung vessel trees by reducing the uncertainty in 3D Frangi filter and 3D neutrosophic transform. First of all, gray-level thresholding and some morphological processes are applied to have the segmentation of lung region mainly. Next, 3D Frangi filter is applied to detect lung vessel trees. Finally, 3D neutrosophic transform integrated with k-means clustering obtains better detection of lung vessel trees.
Microwave Permittivity Determination for Materials With Out-of-Plane and Off-Diagonal Dielectric Anisotropy

A general and fast procedure for determining the complex anisotropic and dispersive permittivity for materials with anisotropy along the permittivity tensor diagonal and in-plane off-diagonal is presented. The procedure extracts the anisotropic tensor elements from co- and cross-polarized free-space transmission measurements of a material slab of arbitrary thickness. Numerical studies involving simulated transmission data are presented to demonstrate the validity and accuracy of the approach. Measurements of a known isotropic dielectric and two engineered anisotropic specimens were used to further validate and demonstrate the accuracy and capability of the procedure.
A flash memory controller for 15μs ultra-low-latency SSD using high-speed 3D NAND flash with 3μs read time

In a memory hierarchy, there are various classes of memory systems depending on the access latency. A typical memory hierarchy consists of a CPU cache, DRAM, and an SSD or HDD. The DRAM has an access latency of 100ns, while flash memory has a latency of about 50μs . Recently, new non-volatile memories with latencies of less than 10μs, including PRAM, MRAM, and ReRAM , are getting attention for business-critical systems such as big-data analysis and storage caches. To meet the low latency requirements, a new type of NAND flash, Z-NAND, with a read time (tR) of 3μs has also been introduced . Figure 20.2.1 shows a feature comparison between Z-NAND and conventional 3D NAND . The Z-NAND achieves a read time of 3μs, which is 15–20 times faster than conventional NAND. Write throughput reaches up to 160MB/s with a 100μs program time. To further minimize read latency, I/O circuit support a DDR interface for both x8 and x16 mode. To take full advantage of such low-latency memory devices, reduction of memory access overhead is necessary. In this paper, we introduce an NVMe SSD controller which leverages the advantages of the low-latency NAND and enables the reduction of total memory access time, thereby minimizing overall system latency.
Binary Artificial Bee Colony for cooperative relay communication in cognitive radio systems

In this paper we present a low-complexity Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) based interference aware relay assignment scheme with power control for a cognitive radio network comprises of one source, multiple relays and multiple destination nodes. The Exhaustive Search Algorithm (ESA) returns the optimal solution to the problem; yet it has a high computational complexity that grows exponentially with the number of users and relays. Our contribution includes formulating the jointly relay assignment with source and relays' power allocation as a mixed integer non-linear programming problem. This problem is further reduced to an integer programming problem. In order to demonstrate the performance of the discrete ABC, we compare it with other contemporary Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) like ACO, EDA and BBO, as well as the optimal ESA. Our Binary ABC relay assignment results outperform other EAs, while its performance is close to the optimal ESA.
Learning and planning high-dimensional physical trajectories via structured Lagrangians

We consider the problem of finding sufficiently simple models of high-dimensional physical systems that are consistent with observed trajectories, and using these models to synthesize new trajectories. Our approach models physical trajectories as least-time trajectories realized by free particles moving along the geodesics of a curved manifold, reminiscent of the way light rays obey Fermat's principle of least time. Finding these trajectories, unfortunately, requires finding a minimum-cost path in a high-dimensional space, which is generally a computationally intractable problem. In this work we show that this high-dimensional planning problem can often be solved nearly optimally in practice via deterministic search, as long as we can find a certain low-dimensional structure in the Lagrangian that describes our observed trajectories. This low-dimensional structure additionally makes it feasible to learn an estimate of a Lagrangian that is consistent with the observed trajectories, thus allowing us to present a complete approach for learning from and predicting high-dimensional physical motion sequences. We finally show experimental results applying our method to human motion and robotic walking gaits. In doing so, we furthermore demonstrate efficient path planning in a 990-dimensional space.
Low cost 500Gbps transmission for datacenter applications

This paper describes the development of a transmitter and receiver leveraging a combination of monolithic and hybrid integration for Datacenter applications to deliver 500Gbps over 2km on a single mode fiber. The transmitter encompasses 12 electro-absorptive modulated lasers (EMLs) with wavelength channels from 1270nm to 1380nm on a 10nm channel grid. The lasers are grouped in three (3) arrays with each array monolithically integrating four (4) EMLs operating at 43Gbps each. The three EML arrays are flip-chip bonded to a planar light-guide circuit (PLC), which serves as the mounting platform and provides the optical multiplexer function. The receiver couples the signal through an optical PLC-based de-multiplexer to twelve (12) high-speed PIN detectors with a 3dB bandwidth of more than 50GHz. The transmission tests were performed over 2km of SMF with each channel tested at 40Gbps. For the demonstration, a commercial semiconductor optical amplifier was used in front of the receiver to boost the signal. Each channel was tested to be error free to <10−11 BER with most <10−12 BER. The total cross-talk was measured to be between 1 and 2dB. The channel spacing of 10nm was chosen to enable a low cost transmitter operation without using Thermo-Electric-Coolers (TEC) in order to reduce the overall power dissipation. Instead of a TEC, resistive heating can be used to limit the temperature excursions and to enable an operating range of the TOSA from −5 to +75 deg C. This technology demonstration is a step towards the final goal of 1 Terabit/s transmission for Datacenter applications.
Vestibular prosthesis tested in rhesus monkeys

We are studying the effectiveness of a semicircular canal prosthesis to improve postural control, perception of spatial orientation, and the VOR in rhesus monkeys with bilateral vestibular hypofunction. Balance is examined by measuring spontaneous sway of the body during quiet stance and postural responses evoked by head turns and rotation of the support surface; perception is measured with a task derived from the subjective visual vertical (SVV) test during static and dynamic rotation in the roll plane; and the angular VOR is measured during rotation about the roll, pitch, and yaw axes. After the normal responses are characterized, bilateral vestibular loss is induced with intratympanic gentamicin, and then multisite stimulating electrodes are chronically implanted into the ampullae of all three canals in one ear. The postural, perceptual, and VOR responses are then characterized in the ablated state, and then bilateral, chronic electrical stimulation is applied to the ampullary nerves using a prosthesis that senses angular head velocity in three-dimensions and uses this information to modulate the rate of current pulses provided by the implanted electrodes. We are currently characterizing two normal monkeys with these paradigms, and vestibular ablation and electrode implantation are planned for the near future. In one prior rhesus monkey tested with this approach, we found that a one-dimensional (posterior canal) prosthesis improved balance during head turns, perceived head orientation during roll tilts, and the VOR in the plane of the instrumented canal. We therefore predict that the more complete information provided by a three-dimensional prosthesis that modulates activity in bilaterally-paired canals will exceed the benefits provided by the one-dimensional, unilateral approach used in our preliminary studies.
Learning high-dimensional Mixture Models for fast collision detection in Rapidly-Exploring Random Trees

This paper presents a new approach for fast collision detection in high dimensional configuration spaces for Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRT) motion planning. The proposed method is based upon Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) that are learned using an incremental Expectation Maximization clustering algorithm trained online using exemplars provided by a slow, conventional kinematic-based collision detection routine. The number of collision checks needed can be drastically reduced using a biased random sampling from the learned GMM distribution, and the learned models are continually refined and improved as the RRT planning algorithm proceeds. Our proposed method is demonstrated on several example applications and experimental results show marked improvement in computational efficiency over previous approaches.
Evaluating voltage fluctuations and flicker using half-cycle RMS values

Evaluating voltage fluctuations and flicker using simulated or recorded data is an important part of the planning process related to power quality. Simulation tools perform calculations using sinusoidal steady-state models and methods and numerous power quality recorders save RMS values on a cycle by cycle basis. Previous work has shown the feasibility of using cycle-by-cycle RMS values as inputs to the standard flickermeter as long as the fluctuation frequency was below 10 Hz. The work in this paper is based on the same concept of using full-cycle RMS values as flickermeter inputs, but the RMS values are updated every half-cycle in accordance with IEC Std 61000-4-30. Using RMS inputs which are updated every half-cycle is shown to offer an increase in performance such that satisfactory results are obtained for fluctuation frequencies up to 22 Hz. This improvement is demonstrated using analytical, simulated, and field measurements results.
Optimal energy allocation between pilot and data symbols for minimizing frame error probability under imperfect fading channel information

In this paper, we study the issue of optimally allocating the transmission energy between a pilot symbol and data symbols for a point-to-point communication system over the slow fading channel. In the system studied, our performance criterion for the optimal energy allocation is the frame error probability (FEP). A pilot symbol-assisted modulation (PSAM) scheme is used along with a channel estimation scheme based on the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion. We derive an approximate expression for the FEP in the presence of channel estimation error and use this expression for minimizing the FEP in allocating the transmission energy. Numerical simulation results are presented to show that the derived approximate FEP expression is close to the actual FEP.