nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Semi-Supervised Relief Based Feature Extraction Algorithm

Local Feature Extraction (LFE) algorithm is an effective feature extraction method developed in recent years. One of the shortcomings of the current LFE algorithm is that it can only process labeled data, and does not work well when the amount of the labeled data is limited. However, it is usually easy to obtain large amount of unlabeled data but only a few labeled data. In this paper, we propose a new feature extraction algorithm, called Semi-Supervised LFE (SSLFE), which can handle both labeled and unlabeled data to perform feature extraction. In the proposed algorithm, the labeled data are used to maximize the margin and the unlabeled data are used as regulations with respect to the intrinsic geometric structure of the data. The final projection matrix can be obtained by eigenvalue decomposition. Experiments on several datasets demonstrate that SSLFE achieves much higher classification accuracy than LFE.
A Dual-Frequency Quasi-Optical Output System for a THz Gyro-Multiplier

This paper presents the investigation of a quasi-optical output system for a fourth-harmonic gyro-multiplier in the THz band through geometric optic analysis and three-dimensional full-wave simulation. The output system of the gyro-multiplier needs not only to transfer two high-order waveguide modes into the quasi-Gaussian beams, but also to separate the two beams. A dual-frequency quasi-optical mode converter (DQMC) and a frequency selective surface (FSS) are employed to achieve both goals within this system. Our study has shown that the optimal design of the DQMC requires a special mode selection in the gyro-multiplier. The high-pass FSS is designed, fabricated, and experimentally verified by a THz-TDS system. We have also demonstrated that the designed FSS is capable of handling the high-power output from the gyro-multiplier.
Repository synchronization in the OAI framework

The Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH) began as an alternative to distributed searching of scholarly e-print repositories. The model embraced by the OAI-PMH is that of metadata harvesting, where value-added services (by a "service provider") are constructed on cached copies of the metadata extracted from the repositories of the harvester's choosing. While this model dispenses with the well-known problems of distributed searching, it introduces the problem of synchronization. Stated simply, this problem arises when the service provider's copy of the metadata does not match the metadata currently at the constituent repositories. We define some metrics for describing the synchronization problem in the OAI-PMH. Based on these metrics, we study the synchronization problem of the OAI-PMH framework and propose several approaches for harvesters to implement better synchronization. In particular, if a repository knows its update frequency, it can publish it in an OAI-PMH identify response using an optional about container that borrows from RDF Site Syndication (RSS) Format.
Glow discharge simulation of argon gas based on PIC-MCC method

Gas discharge is an important phenomenon in high voltage gas insulation. A new method PIC-MCC is used here to study the glow discharge of argon gas in low pressure. A microscopic model is established in our work and numbers of charged particles were traced by particle in cell (PIC) method. Different from other PIC methods, the collisions between electron, ion and atom were also considered here and Monte Carlo method (MCC) was used to cope with the collisions. By the plane electrodes model, the formation of plasma sheath, the distribution function of electron, ionization rate, density of electron and the electric field were acquired at the pressure of 42mTorr and temperature of 293K. The effect of electrode voltage on the results was also discussed. The results acquired here can meet experiments well.
Enhancing reflector aperture usage efficiency using a coaxial cavity antenna: Application to compact antenna test range

Aperture usage is one of the most important problem in reflector-based compact antenna test range(CATR). Single reflector CATR provides very low aperture usage, normally 30%, because of the effects of edge diffraction. In order to solve this problem, serrated edges and rolled edges are generally chosen along the reflector's edge to reduce the edge diffraction field inside quiet zone(QZ) of the CATR. Even if edge diffraction has been handled by edge treatment, the QZ utilization rate of single reflector CATR (< 50%) is still low. Big reflector is therefore required to produce large QZ, which increases processing difficulty and construction cost. All of this means it is imperative to study reflector aperture distribution function and then design suitable feed's radiation field. In this paper, the aperture power density function of a parabolic reflector fed by an ideal point is theoretically derived and accordingly a coaxial cavity horn feed is designed to make the power density function constant on parabolic aperture surface and then on the QZ aperture, which realizes high QZ usage of the single parabolic CATR.
C4ISR Capability Analysis Based on Service-Oriented Architecture

The rapid growth of complexity accompanied with the continually changing requirements of C4ISR system makes it challenging to make C4ISR capability analysis by traditional design principles. Service-oriented architecture (SOA) offers a flexible approach to meet the dynamic military requirements of C4ISR systems due to its loosely coupling features, dynamic binding and independence of development technologies, platforms and organizations. This paper discusses the benefits from using SOA in the C4ISR capability analysis, and presents an iterative process for C4ISR capability analysis based on a multiple ontology system in order to support SOA repositories reuse.
Design and measurement of dichroic plate for Quasi-Optical Network

With the current and future requirements of microwave and millimetric wave instrumentation, particularly the quasi-optical systems, there has been considerable research effort into low loss dichroics worldwide. This paper presents the design and experimental testing of a dichroic operating in a two-channel multi-reflector quasi-optical network (QON). The dichroic plate is designed to work as a frequency filter in the QON, which transmits at 54 GHz and reflects at 89 GHz. A low insertion loss is achieved both in simulation and in measurement.
Bubble-based assembly of micro-tube with coordinated multiple manipulators

Assembly of a micro-tube with small diameter attracts great interest due to its promising contribution on vascular network to deliver oxygen and nutrition in thick biological substitutes. This paper presents a dexterous robotic system with three manipulators to reconstruct the interested micro-tube based on the interaction between bubbles and 2D hydrogel micro-units. Each manipulator has 3 degrees of freedom (DOFs), but they are equipped with different end-effectors for unique tasks under an inverted optical microscope (OM). Strategy of their coordinated operation is integrated under visual feedback. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed system, we conduct experiments on 2D hydrogel micro-units to achieve assembly of a 3D micro-channel for tissue engineering. Preliminary experimental results show that our assembly method is flexible and efficient.
A high-gain and broadband dielectric resonator antenna array with substrate-integrated-waveguide feed network for 67GHz

We have proposed and investigated a high-gain and broadband dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) array with simplified substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW) feed network for 67GHz band in this paper. A double-layered SIW feeding network with wideband H-junction and wideband high-gain slot dielectric resonator antenna array is employed to achieve high gain and wideband performance simultaneously. The simulated impedance bandwidth of 15% and a gain up to 13.9 dB have been offered. Together with the advantages of low-profile and low fabrication costs, the proposed antenna array could serve as a promising candidate for millimeter-wave wireless communication systems.
Reasoning calculation of the electrical vehicle recharging service network construction via fitting prediction

The developing trend of the electrical vehicle recharging service network is analyzed in a reasoning calculation method for the coming several years. To simulate the developing conditions of related factors, some fitting prediction models are proposed based on the statistical data of the last several years. They are China's automobile increasing model, China's electrical vehicle increasing model, electricity price prediction model, and so on. Also, the configuration, investment, and revenue model of the electrical vehicle recharging service networks are proposed. We select Jinan as a typical city to make a calculation for service networks' development. And we draw the conclusion that the service network will get refunding till 2017 to 2020.
Gap Filling of Missing Data for VIIRS Global Ocean Color Products Using the DINEOF Method

Ocean color data are critical for the monitoring and understanding of biological and ecological processes and phenomena, and the data are also important sources of input data for physical and biogeochemical ocean models. The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership has continued to provide global ocean color data since its launch in October 2011. However, there are always many missing pixels in the original VIIRS-measured ocean color images due to clouds and various other reasons. The data interpolating empirical orthogonal functions (DINEOF) is a method to reconstruct (gap filling) missing data in geophysical data sets based on the empirical orthogonal function. In this paper, the DINEOF is applied to VIIRS-derived global Level-3 binned ocean color data of 9-km spatial resolution, and the DINEOF-reconstructed ocean color data are used to fill the gaps of missing data. In particular, daily, eight-day, and monthly VIIRS global Level-3 binned ocean color data, including chlorophyll-a concentration, diffuse attenuation coefficient at 490 nm [ $K_{d}(490)$ ], and normalized water-leaving radiance spectra [ $nL_{w}(\lambda)$ ] at the five VIIRS visible bands, are tested and evaluated. To validate and evaluate the gap-filled data, a set of original valid nonmissing pixels in the VIIRS images are selected randomly and treated as missing pixels in the DINEOF process, so that the reconstructed pixels can be compared with the original data. Results show that the DINEOF method can successfully reconstruct and gap-fill meso-scale and large-scale spatial ocean features in the global VIIRS Level-3 images, as well as capture the temporal variations of these features.
Automatic surveillance video matting using a shape prior

This paper presents a novel algorithm for performing video matting, which is built upon a proposed image matting algorithm that is fully automatic. The proposed algorithm utilizes a PCA-based shape model as a prior for guiding the matting process, so that manual interactions required by most existing image matting methods are unnecessary. We specifically consider a surveillance environment in which foreground windows are identified via a person detector. By applying the image matting algorithm to these foreground windows, on a per frame basis, we aim to fully automate the video matting process. Due to the inherent inaccuracy of any person detector, it is critical that the shape model be aligned with the object. We achieve this in a framework where the estimation of the alpha matte guided by the shape prior model, and the alignment process are simultaneously optimized based on a quadratic cost function. We report very promising results on a people data set collected from surveillance environments.
Simulation on the formation of sheath in argon discharge

The formation of arc in high voltage equipment is an unbalanced gas disruption and the principles of it are important in apparatus switching. For the complexity of gas disruption principles, the modeling and computer simulations to the beginning of gas disruption are vital in this domain. Particle-in-cell method is adopted in our work to disperse the Boltzmann equation and build a mathematical model. The gas disruption between the contacts of electrical apparatus at the beginning of switching is studied by this method and the microscopic parameters about gas disruption and the formation of sheath are also acquired here. A lot of charged particles are traced in our work and the formation of plasma sheath, the distribution function of electron, ionization rate, density of electron and the electric field are acquired. The long-range collisions between electron, ion and atom are considered here and the cross section is relating to particle energy. It can be seen from the results that the voltage between the electrodes have an effect on the formation of the sheath and the sheath plays an important role in breaker switching.
Optimization of AMF characteristic for vacuum interrupter using improved niche genetic algorithm

In this paper, the design variables of the contacts with two segments coil AMF for a vacuum interrupter (VI), such as the contact diameter, the coil height, the coil thickness and the slot number of the contact were taken as the main design parameters in the orthogonal experiment. And by normalization, the AMF characteristic was numerically simulated using 3D finite element analysis and taken as the objective function. For improving the AMF characteristic, mutation cancellation niche genetic algorithm (MCNGA) was applied to optimize the weight ratio and the contact parameters. Furthermore, the optimal AMF contact parameters, the quantitative relationship between the AMF characteristic and the contact parameters were obtained. Moreover, the optimal AMF performance was obtained.
Operational amplifiers used in PLL charge pump circuits

In this paper, the detailed design procedure for two operational amplifiers (OP-Amp) used in charge pumps (CP) is presented. Such procedure, which is from system-level specifications to circuit-level requirements, provides a general methodology for OP-Amp design in CP. The design was simulated in a 0.18µm CMOS process and occupies a layout area of about 200µm×100µm. The simulation results show that these two OP-Amps meets the specification under all CP's switching conditions, while drawing only 640µA from a 1.8V supply.
Adaptive 3D Face Reconstruction from Unconstrained Photo Collections

Given a photo collection of “unconstrained” face images of one individual captured under a variety of unknown pose, expression, and illumination conditions, this paper presents a method for reconstructing a 3D face surface model of the individual along with albedo information. Unlike prior work on face reconstruction that requires large photo collections, we formulate an approach to adapt to photo collections with a high diversity in both the number of images and the image quality. To achieve this, we incorporate prior knowledge about face shape by fitting a 3D morphable model to form a personalized template, following by using a novel photometric stereo formulation to complete the fine details, under a coarse-to-fine scheme. Our scheme incorporates a structural similarity-based local selection step to help identify a common expression for reconstruction while discarding occluded portions of faces. The evaluation of reconstruction performance is through a novel quality measure, in the absence of ground truth 3D scans. Superior large-scale experimental results are reported on synthetic, Internet, and personal photo collections.
Design of tri-reflector Compact Antenna Test Range

Compact antenna test range (CATR) is an effective way for millimeter/sub millimeter antenna testing. In this paper, geometric optics (GO) method is utilized to design a tri-reflector CATR, the advantages of which lie in high reflector usage and low manufacture cost compared with conventional single reflector CATR. Kinematic and dynamic ray tracing theory is used to determine surface parameters of the two shaped subreflectors during the process. A double-Gregorian tri-reflector CATR is designed as an example at last.
Using standards in digital library design&development

This article covers a set of standards and defacto standards that can play a role in the design and development of digital library applications. The standards discussed are the ISO MPEG-21 Digital Item Declaration, the ISO MPEG-21 Digital Item Identification, the ISO MPEG-21 Digital Item Processing, the Open Archives Protocol for Metadata Harvesting, the Internet Archive ARC file format, the NISO OpenURL Framework for Context-Sensitive Services, and the proposed info URI scheme. It discusses these standards by illustrating how they have been used in the context of the aDORe digital object repository. aDORe has been designed and implemented for ingesting, storing, and accessing a vast collection of digital objects at the Research Library of the Los Alamos National Laboratory
A multiscale image enhancement method for calcification detection in screening mammograms

Image enhancement technologies have been widely used for improving the quality of the images for screening mammograms. In this paper, we will focus on the enhancement of breast calcifications, which are the deposits of calcium that can be seen on a mammogram of the breast. In the proposed method, the original image and the normalized gradient image of the original image are first decomposed into a multi-level Laplacian Pyramids, and then the features in different scales are enhanced level by level based on a contrast measure during the reconstruction stage. Because the importance of different levels is different, different weights are used in different levels. Experiments proved the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Design and development of intelligent optimization System for Cold Continuous Rolling Rules

In order to reduce the energy consumption in the process of production, obtain the better rolling rules, a fast and efficient intelligent optimization System for Cold Continuous Rolling Rules is designed according to the actual situation of the production line in An Yang steel rolling plant. This system use the MAGA and PSO to optimize the rolling rules on the foundation of experience method, and obtain the rolling rules which made the overall energy consume minimum. The system has been put into use successfully and achieved good results.
Design and Implementation of Portable Multi-Parameter Tele-Monitor Terminal Based on S3C2410a

This paper introduces an implementation of portable multi-parameter tele-monitor terminal(PMTT). This terminal is reliable, portable, real-time and high cost-effective, which can tele-monitor many kinds of vital bio-signals and GPS signal through GPRS, such as electrocardiogram(ECG), blood pressure, oxygen saturation, blood glucose, body temperature, respiration and so on. The Samsung’s S3C2410a is the core of the mutiparameter tele-monitor terminal’s hardware platform. μC/OS-II is cut down, customized and ported into the embedded system, for which the monitor software based on μC/GUI is also developed. ARM9; ECG; Tele-monitor; μC/OS-II
Quantum particle swarm optimization based on Bloch coordinates of qubits

To improve the efficiency of particle swarm optimization, a quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed on the basis of analyzing the search process of particle swarm optimization algorithm. In the proposed algorithm, particles are endoded by qubits described on the Bloch sphere, each particle occupy three locations of the search space, and each location represents a optimization solution. By employing the search method of general PSO to adjust the two parameters of qubit, the qubits rotation are performed on the Bloch sphere, which can simultaneously update three locations occupied by a qubit and quickly approach the global optimal solution. The experimental results of standard test function extreme optimization and fuzzy controller parameters optimization show that the proposed algorithm is superior to other similar algorithm in optimization ability and optimization efficiency.
Face recognition with Locality Sensitive Discriminant Analysis based on matrix representation

Locality sensitive discriminant analysis (LSDA) algorithm is a new data analysis tool for studying the class relationship between data points, which can utilize local geometry structure of the data manifold and discriminant information at the same time. A major disadvantage of LSDA is it that can only deal with vector data, and thus is often confronted with singularity problem. In this paper, an extension of LSDA is proposed, called two-dimensional locality sensitive discriminant analysis (2DLSDA), which is directly based on 2D image matrices for face recognition, can overcome the singularity problem and utilize the spatial information among pixels more effectively. Besides, based on the Schur decomposition, the projection matrices can be obtained efficiently with high numerical stability, and orthogonality of projection matrix is guaranteed. Experiments on both ORL and Yale datasets demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve better performance than PCA, LDA and LSDA methods.
Domain-Specific Ontology Construction from Hierarchy Web Documents

Ontology, the base of Semantic Web, plays a vital role in knowledge representation and knowledge reasoning. There are many tools providing management interfaces to create, query and edit knowledge of ontology. However, most of them are still arduous time-consuming manual work. Therefore, how to automatically construct ontology has attracted many researchers' attention. With the development of WEB, there is influent information we can take advantage of. According to the structure of Web, An automatically construction method for domain-specific ontology is proposed. Firstly, some special web sites which have relatively structure or semi-structure are selected. Then, web documents are clawed with Jsoap. Secondly, all contained knowledge is extracted and organized together to form the domain-specific ontology. Finally, the Jena platform is employed to create, delete, read, write ontology model in the form of RDF and query by SPARQL. The experimental results in â€œEntertainmentâ€ and â€œSportâ€ domain show concept hierarchy structures are reasonable with the overall precision of domain-specific ontology being up to 97%.
A novel noise reduction method for optical coherence tomography images

In the field of image processing, compared with noisy image, high-quality or clean image usually has a positive impact on the final results, which lead to the emergence of image denoising. Recently, the patch-based methods have attracted considerable interest of researchers, which leverage the self-similarity of the noisy image or information of other relevant images. In this paper, we proposed a novel patch-based method to reduce the noise in optical coherence tomography (OCT) image, which consist of two steps. A combination of internal denoising and external denoising is adopted to select similar patches for each patch in the noisy image. Next, we use low rank technique to denoise the group of the noisy patch and its similar patches. After all patches in a noisy image are denoised, the corresponding clean image is constructed by aggregating all denoised pixels and the first step denoising is accomplished. A new noisy image is constructed and taken as the input of the second step denoising. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves better effect and performance, compared with the existing state-of-the-art methods.