nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficient analysis of transient responses of some antenna arrays in the presence of high-power electromagnetic pulses (HP-EMP)

An efficient hybrid method, based on time-domain integral equation (TDIE) and time-domain physical optics (TDPO), is proposed for analysing transient responses of some antenna arrays in the presence of high-power electromagnetic pulses (HP-EMP). Three triangular-type basis functions are used to expand induced currents on the bodies, the wires, and the wire/surface junctions, respectively. A set of hybrid TDIE-TDPO equations are derived and solved by using marching-on-in-time scheme (MOT). The developed numerical algorithm is verified in both time- and frequency-domains for predicting S11- and S21-parameters, directivities, induced currents as well as backward scattered fields of different antennas mounted on the PEC pedestals which are touched to one common PEC platform, respectively. These results are useful for further evaluating complex electromagnetic environment effects on some communication systems.
CAPred: A Prediction Model for Timely QoS

With the rapidly growing number of Web services, how to identify high quality Web services becomes a hot research topic. User-side QoS evaluation on Web services is a key measurement to choose the optimal Web service from a set of Web services with similar functions. The user-side QoS data is acquired through the invocation of services from different locations. However, in real world, the QoS data of Web services is sparse and not timely. Though there are already a lot of research works on the sparsity and timeliness of QoS data respectively, it's still a lack of a prediction model which can combine both of these features. In order to solve this challenging problem, we put forward a novel model, called CAPred, to provide timely QoS prediction. Our model cut the historical QoS data into several time slices. Each time slice is a 2-dimension matrix. CAPred firstly processes every time slice to fill the empty part of the matrix, then utilizes all of the historical data to predict current QoS values of Web services. And at last we demonstrate two applications, those are recommendation and selection, which utilize the QoS prediction results of our model. The experimental results indicate the high feasibility and efficiency of our model.
An Ethernet over SONET/SDH mapping chip and its path protection switching Implementation

A chip for mapping Ethernet over 2.5 Gb/s SONET/SDH is presented. The chip is designed to provide mapping from data sources into SONET/SDH including Ethernet and IP frames. The chip is compatible with GFP, ITU-T X.86/Y.1323 and HDLC standard. Full-duplex data over 2.5 Gb/s SONET/SDH data mapping can be processed in real time. It also supports the unidirectional path switched rings (UPSR) and Bidirectional Line Switched Rings (BLSR) applications. It achieves a complete and stable path protection switch implementation. The chip is fabricated in TSMC 1.5V 0.13 um process, and has about 8M gates. It has been successfully used in many network communication systems.
Make-to-stock systems with backorders: IPA gradients

We consider single-stage, single-product make-to-stock systems with random demand and random service (production) rate, where demand shortages at the inventory facility are backordered. The make-to-stock system is modeled as a stochastic fluid model (SFM), in which the traditional discrete arrival, service and departure stochastic processes are replaced by corresponding stochastic fluid-flow rate processes. IPA (infinitesimal perturbation analysis) gradients of various performance metrics are derived with respect to parameters of interest (here, base-stock level and production rate), and are showed to be unbiased and easy to compute. The (random) IPA gradients are obtained via sample path analysis under very mild assumptions, and are inherently nonparametric in the sense that no specific probability law need be postulated. The formulas derived can be used in simulation, as well as in real-life systems.
A refining localization watermarking for image tamper detection and recovery

In this paper, we propose an efficient watermarking algorithm for image tamper localization and recovery. To enhance the accuracy of tamper localization, the algorithm contains basic authentication and refining authentication. Basic authentication can locate all blocks that contain the tampered pixels by the basic authentication watermark. Refining authentication can exclude some genuine pixels from the tampered block by the refining authentication watermark that is generated based on image disordering. Finally, we fuse the two authentication results and take some post-processing measures to obtain the accuracy authentication result. The recovery watermark is the feature of every block, which is generated using the important DCT coefficients. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the accuracy of tamper localization. At the same time, the algorithm can also approximately recover the tampered pixels.
Investigation on Time- and Frequency-Domain Responses of Some Complex Composite Structures in the Presence of High-Power Electromagnetic Pulses

Investigation on time- and frequency-domain responses of some complex composite structures in the presence of high-power electromagnetic pulses (EMP) is carried out in this paper. An efficient hybrid numerical method is proposed and implemented for studying an EMP penetrating through arbitrary apertures on a perfectly conducting (PEC) screen, coupled with conical spiral wire and even with Yagi-Uda antennas. This method effectively combines the time-domain integral equation (TDIE) with time-domain physical optics (TDPO), where hybrid TDIE-TDPO equations are solved by marching-on-in-time scheme (MOT). In its implementation, the antennas, wire-surface junctions, and the small part of the solid platform in the vicinity of the junctions are assigned to the TDIE region; nevertheless, a small part of the PEC screen in the vicinity of the apertures is set to be the TDIE region, while the remainder of the solid platform and the PEC screen is in the TDPO one. Our developed numerical algorithm is sufficiently verified in both time and frequency domains for predicting input admittance, S11 and S21 parameters, directivities, excited transient current responses as well as backward scattered fields of different antennas mounted on a PEC platform. These results are useful for further evaluating electromagnetic environments of some complex communication.
A double active-decoupling technique for reducing package effects in a cognitive-radio balun-LNA

Package effects degrade the performances of high frequency circuits such as wideband low-noise amplifiers (LNAs). This paper describes an area-saving technique to improve the performance of a balun-LNA covering the range of 50 MHz to 10 GHz in the presence of package effects. A double active-decoupling technique based on a feedback inverter amplifier is proposed. Optimized in GP 65-nm CMOS, the new technique shows 2.3-dB maximum gain loss compensation, 6.6GHz bandwidth recovery for input matching, and 22-dB maximum noise filtering in both supply rails. The added active circuitry draws 16 mW from a single 1.2-V supply, and the required physical capacitor is reduced to 4 pF.
Time domain E-PMCHW integral equation solved by adaptive marching-on-in-order procedure for predicting transient responses of some composite structures

One adaptive method, based on time-domain E-PMCHW (Poggio, Miller, Chang, Harrington and Wu) integral equation, is presented for predicting transient scattering and radiation responses of some composite structures made of perfectly conducting (PEC) and dielectric materials. Both PEC and dielectric parts are described by the electric field integral equations (EFIE) and the PMCHW ones, respectively, with a set of time domain E-PMCHW equations derived. The common RWG and line basis functions are used to expand surface and wire currents, respectively. The derived equations are then solved by marching-on-in-order (MOO) procedure, where an alternative overall stopping criterion is used in an adaptive way. Some typical numerical results are given to demonstrate its accuracy in capturing transient scattering and radiation responses of some typical composites in the presence of an intentional electromagnetic pulse (IEMP).
Super Resolution Imaging Based on a Dynamic Single Pixel Camera

In this paper, we present a super resolution imaging method based on a dynamic single pixel camera. First, the proposed method obtains subhigh-resolution (HR) images with subpixel shifts by the dynamic single pixel camera. To achieve this purpose, the patterns on the digital micromirror device are subpixel shifted instead of mechanical scanning. Then, the final HR image can be reconstructed by sub-HR images and wiener filter. In order to avoid the subpixel shifts error that caused by the instability of the system, a subpixel registration algorithm is adopted. Besides, to improve the signal-noise-ratio (SNR) performance of the measurements, a simple and effective method based on the correlation of the signal and the randomness of the noise is adopted. Compared with traditional single pixel imaging system, the proposed method has a remarkable performance at spatial resolution and SNR. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated by simulations and experiments.
Affine SKIP and DIRECT modes for efficient video coding

Higher-order motion models were introduced in video coding a couple of decades ago, but have not been widely used due to both difficulty in parameters estimation and their requirement of more side information. Recently, researchers have put them back into consideration. In this paper, the affine motion model is employed in SKIP and DIRECT modes to produce a better prediction. In affine SKIP/DIRECT, candidate predictors of the motion parameters are derived from the motions of neighboring coded blocks, with the best predictor determined by rate-distortion tradeoff. Extensive experiments have shown the efficiency of these new affine modes. No additional motion estimation is needed, so the proposed method is also quite practical.
A High Payload Histogram-Based Reversible Wartermarking Using Linear Prediction

Reversible watermarking is an efficient method of embedding secret information into digital work for the purpose of copyright protection, certification, tracking, etc. This paper presents a high payload reversible watermarking algorithm for digital images using linear prediction. Prediction error and histogram shifting are used for embedding data. Different from previous methods, we utilize linear prediction to obtain the initial prediction, which is then modified by calculating the variance of adjacent pixels to get a more accurate prediction image. Since the prediction-error histogram is more concentrated, the proposed method can achieve larger capacity and less distortion by using histogram shifting. The experimental results indicate the validity of the proposed method compared with other schemes.
Real-Time Video Streaming Using Randomized Expanding Reed–Solomon Code

Forward error correction (FEC) codes are widely studied to protect streamed video over unreliable networks. Typically, enlarging the FEC coding block size can improve the error correction performance. For video streaming applications, this could be implemented by grouping more than one video frame into one FEC coding block. However, in this case, it leads to decoding delay, which is not tolerable for real-time video streaming applications. In this paper, to solve this dilemma, a real-time video streaming scheme using randomized expanding Reed-Solomon (RS) code is proposed. In this scheme, the RS coding block includes not only the video packets of the current frame, but could also include all the video packets of previous frames in the current group of pictures. At the decoding side, the parity-check equations of the current frame are jointly solved with all the parity-check equations of the previous frames. Since video packets of the following frames are not encompassed in the RS coding block, no delay will be caused for waiting for the video or parity packets of the following frames both at encoding and decoding sides. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme outperforms other real-time error resilient video streaming approaches significantly, specifically, for the Foreman sequence, the proposed scheme could provide 1.5 dB average gain over the state-of-the-art approach for 10% i.i.d. packet loss rate, whereas for the burst loss case, the average gain is more than 3 dB.MATLAB code of this paper is available for download at http://www.mmtlab.com.
Creating video summarization from emotion perspective

This paper proposes a novel approach of summarization to non-professional edited videos containing a lot of redundant information, from the viewpoint of emotion. Ground-truth emotion scores of each frame are firstly obtained from our dataset annotated by humans. Then, we extract emotional features of each frame from training set videos. After that, we train our predictive model from the feature vectors and emotion scores by using linear regression. Meanwhile, videos are partitioned into several segments. We select a subset of segments in the video whose length is below a specific value by optimizing the sum of their emotion scores. This subset of segments can be treated as the emotional video summarization desired. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme can achieve an effective emotional video summarization.
Multiple Description Coding for Stereoscopic Videos With Stagger Frame Order

Due to the prediction structures employed in video coding, the loss of one packet will affect many following frames. In this paper, a multiple description coding scheme with stagger frame order is proposed for stereoscopic 3-D videos. First, the reference and auxiliary views in stereoscopic sequences will be asymmetrically encoded into one description, whereas the other description will be formed in the same way with one dumb frame delay. Because of the stagger frame order, the coarsely encoded B frames will be inserted into different positions of the two descriptions. If a certain frame encoded with I/P mode is lost, then its corresponding B-frame version will be employed to compensate for the loss. In each description, the quantization steps of B frames are tuned based on a closed-form solution that considers the video contents, network status, frame positions in the group of picture, and the layer of the views. For further improvement, a fusing scheme is provided. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms state-of-the-art schemes. Specifically, up to 1.3-dB gain is achieved in the case of packet loss, and 2-dB gain is obtained for the side/central performance.
A high SMSR dual-wavelength linear-cavity Er-doped laser based on AWG as a comber filter and demultiplexer

A novel high SMSR dual-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser operating in C-band is proposed and successfully demonstrated. Based on Arrayed-Waveguide Gratings (A WGs) as a comber filter and demultiplexer, the fiber laser retrieve the optical side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of 53dB and the output powers of-10.45dBm and-10.20dBm at the wavelengths 1554.87nm and 1555.65nm, respectively. The mode spacing of the dual-wavelength fiber laser is nearly 0.8 nm. The laser can operate in stable narrow-line-width with single- and dual-wavelength output at room temperature.
Exploiting Visual-Audio-Textual Characteristics for Automatic TV Commercial Block Detection and Segmentation

Automatic TV commercial block detection (CBD) and commercial block segmentation (CBS) are two key components of a smart commercial digesting system. In this paper, we focus our research on CBD and CBS by the means of collaborative exploitation of visual-audio-textual characteristics embedded in commercials. Rather than utilizing exclusively visual-audio characteristics like most previous works, an abundance of textual characteristics associated with commercials are fully exploited. Additionally, Tri-AdaBoost, an interactive ensemble learning manner, is proposed to form a consolidated semantic fusion across visual, audio, and textual characteristics. In order to segment a detected commercial block into multiple individual commercials, additional informative descriptors including textual characteristics are introduced to boost the robustness in the detection of frame marked with product information (FMPI). Together with the characteristics of audio spectral variation pointer and silent position, FMPI can provide a kind of complementary representation architecture to model the similarity of intra-commercial and the dissimilarity of inter-commercial. Experiments are conducted on a large video dataset from both China central television (CCTV) channels and TRECVID'05, and promising experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Visual attention guided eye movements for 360 degree images

Common computational models for visual attention guided saccadic eye movements are mostly used into 2D images, and the fixation density map is generated for one image based on human eyes gazing fixations. However, most of the traditional models are not suitable for 360 degree images. In this paper, we viewed the fixations as salience to analyze the statistical properties of human saccadic behavior. It can be found that human vision prefers to concentrate the regions with abundant information, and the statistical properties are closed to Super Gaussian distribution properties. Based on these, we proposed a novel approach to stimulate the scan-paths of human eye movements in view of the 360 degree images. Then we extracted high frequency components of the regions, which satisfy the Super Gaussian distribution. Here, projection pursuit is used for selecting the components, and the location with maximum of the component is chosen as eyes gazing fixation. In order to better demonstrate the characteristics of human eye movements, we take the spatial-temporal information of eye gazing fixations into consideration. For each scan-path, we record the position of every fixation and the duration of two adjacent fixations. Besides, to show the difference of different observers' visual attention, there are various scan-paths of a same image produced by our model. Compared with the ground truth, the scan-paths which predicted by our method imply a well match with the scan-paths of ground truth.
Compressive hyperspectral imaging with complementary RGB measurements

Coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging (CASSI) has been demonstrated as a feasible solution to recover a 3D hyperspectral image by using a single 2D measurement. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid camera design for CASSI to capture high quality hyperspectral images while maintaining the snapshot advantage. Specifically, we employ a complementary RGB camera in conjunction with the CASSI system. The recorded RGB image can provide reliable spectral clue of the scene. By combining the coded hyperspectral information from the CASSI branch and the uncoded color information from the RGB branch, hyperspectral images can be reconstructed with high fidelity. Furthermore, by conducting demosaicing on the raw RGB image as a preprocessing procedure, even better performance can be achieved. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results show improved accuracy of the proposed method compared to the state-of-the-arts.
3D medical image compression based on multiplierless low-complexity RKLT and shape-adaptive wavelet transform

A multiplierless low complexity reversible integer Karhunen-Loève transform (Low-RKLT) is proposed based on matrix factorization. Conventional methods based on KLT suffer from high computational complexity and unability of applying in lossless medical image compression. To solve the two problems, multiplierless Low-RKLT is investigated using multi-lifting in this paper. Combined with ROI coding method, we have proposed a progressive lossy-to-lossless ROI compression method for three dimensional (3D) medical images with high performance. In our proposed method Low-RKLT is used for the inter-frame decorrelation after SA-DWT in the spatial domain. Simulation results show that, the proposed method performs much better in both lossless and lossy compression than 3D-DWT-based method.
Enhanced Just Noticeable Difference Model for Images With Pattern Complexity

The just noticeable difference (JND) in an image, which reveals the visibility limitation of the human visual system (HVS), is widely used for visual redundancy estimation in signal processing. To determine the JND threshold with the current schemes, the spatial masking effect is estimated as the contrast masking, and this cannot accurately account for the complicated interaction among visual contents. Research on cognitive science indicates that the HVS is highly adapted to extract the repeated patterns for visual content representation. Inspired by this, we formulate the pattern complexity as another factor to determine the total masking effect: the interaction is relatively straightforward with a limited masking effect in a regular pattern, and is complicated with a strong masking effect in an irregular pattern. From the orientation selectivity mechanism in the primary visual cortex, the response of each local receptive field can be considered as a pattern; therefore, in this paper, the orientation that each pixel presents is regarded as the fundamental element of a pattern, and the pattern complexity is calculated as the diversity of the orientation in a local region. Finally, considering both pattern complexity and luminance contrast, a novel spatial masking estimation function is deduced, and an improved JND estimation model is built. Experimental results on comparing with the latest JND models demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model, which performs highly consistent with the human perception. The source code of the proposed model is publicly available at http://web.xidian.edu.cn/wjj/en/index.html.
Attended Visual Content Degradation Based Reduced Reference Image Quality Assessment

Reduced-reference (RR) image quality assessment (IQA), which aims to use a small amount of the reference information but achieve high accuracy, is greatly demanded in quality-orientated systems. In order to design a better RR IQA model which performs consistently with the subjective perception, the inner mechanism of the human visual system (HVS) is usually investigated and imitated. In this paper, the attention mechanism is thoroughly analyzed and used for RR IQA modeling. Generally, the HVS is more sensitive to the distortion on the attended region than that on the unattended region. Thus, the saliency of each region is calculated to highlight its importance, and a saliency weighted local structure (SWLS)-based histogram is created for visual structure degradation measurement. Meanwhile, the distortion may cause attention shift (changing the attended region). In other words, the difference of attention between the reference and distorted images can efficiently represent the quality degradation. Therefore, the attention distribution is analyzed with the salient map, and an orientation located global saliency (OLGS)-based histogram is built for attention shift measurement. Finally, combining the quality degradations from both SWLS and OLGS, a novel attended visual content degradation-based RR IQA method is  Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method uses only several values (18 values) and performs consistently with the subjective perception. Moreover, the proposed attention procedure can be easily extended to the existing RR IQA models and improve their performances.1The source code of the proposed method will be available at http://web.xidian.edu.cn/wjj/en/index.html