nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Threshold Group Signature Scheme with Multi-policy

Common threshold signature has not traceability,only one threshold value,poor security. In practical application,the threshold value of threshold digital signature depends on the significance of the document.Important document needs more the number of the co-operated users than common document to sign the document.We can solve the problem by using any existing threshold scheme repeatedly,but it isn't efficient.The paper proposed a scheme that multi-secret is shared by group member and different group secret has different threshold value to sign different document.Furthermore,group manager can delete old group member or add new member according requirement.

Field of study: Computer science
No. 42627. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and China

Loan Agreement (Poor Rural Communities Development Project) between the People’s Republic of China and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (with schedules and General Conditions Applicable to Loan and Guarantee Agreements for Fixed-Spread Loans dated 1 September 1999, as amended through 1 May 2004). Beijing, 15 August 2005

Field of study: Political science
An empirical study on efficiency of recruitment of college graduates

Based on a sample survey data of national college graduates in 2007,this paper has given an statistical analysis on the efficiency of recruitment of college graduates.The "output" indicator is measured by three variables: the employment status of graduation,initial monthly salary,and job satisfaction.The "input" indicator is measured by four variables: channels for job-seekers,number of applications,expense of recruitment and job matching.The statistical results have showed that getting job information from institutions of higher education,social capital network,internet and specialized job fair,searching matching-intensive jobs,focusing on targeted jobs,allocating the expense of recruitment rationally,may increase the employment probability and obtain jobs of higher levels of salary and satisfaction.

Field of study: Education
Tableau models for semi-infinite Bruhat order and level-zero representations of quantum affine algebras.

We prove that semi-infinite Bruhat order on an affine Weyl group is completely determined from those on the quotients by affine Weyl subgroups associated with various maximal (standard) parabolic subgroups of finite type. Furthermore, for an affine Weyl group of classical type, we give a complete classification of all cover relations of semi-infinite Bruhat order (or equivalently, all edges of the quantum Bruhat graphs) on the quotients in terms of tableaux. Combining these we obtain a tableau criterion for semi-infinite Bruhat order on an affine Weyl group of classical type. As an application, we give new tableau models for the crystal bases of a level-zero fundamental representation and a level-zero extremal weight module over a quantum affine algebra of classical untwisted type, which we call quantum Kashiwara-Nakashima columns and semi-infinite Kashiwara-Nakashima tableaux. We give an explicit description of the crystal isomorphisms among three different realizations of the crystal basis of a level-zero fundamental representation by quantum Lakshmibai-Seshadri paths, quantum Kashiwara-Nakashima columns, and (ordinary) Kashiwara-Nakashima columns.

Field of study: Mathematics
Artificial Noise Assisted Secure Transmission Under Training and Feedback

This paper proposes a framework for the artificial noise assisted secure transmission in multiple-input, multiple-output, multiple antenna eavesdropper (MIMOME) wiretap channels in frequency-division duplexed (FDD) systems. We focus on a practical scenario that only the eavesdroppers' channel distribution information (CDI) is available and the imperfect channel state information (CSI) of the legitimate receiver is acquired through training and analog feedback. By taking explicitly into account the signaling overhead and training power overhead incurred by channel estimation and feedback, we define the achievable effective ergodic secrecy rate (ESR), and investigate a joint power allocation and training overhead optimization problem for the maximization of effective ESR. We first derive a deterministic approximation for the achievable effective ESR which facilitates the joint optimization. Then, efficient iterative algorithms are proposed to solve the considered nonconvex optimization problem. In particular, in the high-SNR regime, a block coordinate descent method (BCDM) is proposed to handle the joint optimization. In the low-SNR regime, we transform the problem into a sequence of geometric programmings (GPs) and locate its Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) solution using the successive convex approximation (SCA) method. For the general case of SNR, we maximize the lower bound of the achievable effective ESR. Simulation results corroborate the theoretical analysis and illustrate the secrecy performance of the proposed secure transmission scheme.

Field of study: Engineering
Multiple existence and linear stability of equilibrium balls in a nonlinear free boundary problem

This paper studies construction and linear stability of spherical interfaces in an equilibrium state in a two-phase boundary problem arising in activator-inhibitor models in chemistry. By studying the linearized eigenvalue problem near a given equilibrium ball, we show that the eigenvalues with nonnegative real parts are all real, and that they are characterized as values of a strictly convex function for specific discrete values of its argument. The stability is determined by the location of the zero points of this convex function. Using this fact, we present a criterion of stability in a useful form. We show examples and illustrate that stable equilibrium balls and unstable ones coexist near saddle-node bifurcation points in the bifurcation diagram, and a given equilibrium ball located far from bifurcation points is unstable and the eigenfunction associated with the largest eigenvalue consists of spherically harmonic functions of high degrees.

Field of study: Mathematics
In Lieu of Money: The Rewards of Teaching

A NEW voice in the great educational debate has said that teachers are recruited from among either the dedicated or the incompetent. The remark, of course, is a variant of the older adage that people who can, do, and those who cannot, teach. Both the original and the variant are, to be sure, only half-truths at best. A student named Jay, who smelled of manure and spouted outrageous opinions like a soapbox orator, taught me that teaching can indeed have rewards not measured in money but, on the other hand, not requiring the kind of saintly commitment suggested by the word dedication. My lesson from Jay did not put steak on my table instead of hamburger or pay off a desk drawerful of pediatrician's bills, but it did convince me that I had stumbled into the right occupation. At the time, I needed convincing. I had encountered nothing to stir dedication, and I was not resigned to an admission of incompetence. As a young college history instructor, I had awakened to the brute fact that after eight long and expensive years of college training, I was earning less money than a shoe salesman. What was even worse, the future did not promise much advancement. In that year, all college professors received a national average income about equal to the average family income of the nation as a whole. I had heard that teaching compensated for proverbial low pay and status with such advantages as job satisfaction, long vacations, and low-pressure working conditions. But I was dubious-until Jay came along. I first met him as a "problem" student. He had enrolled for a survey course in Western Civilization that I was teaching at the urban nightschool division of a large state university. He was not a "reading problem" or an "underachiever," or even a "discipline problem," at least in any usual meaning of the jargon. He was a problem because he stood out in the class like a warty nose and because he threw himself with such abandon into class discussions that he antagonized everybody in the class, including me. He was a tall, bony youth in his early twenties, several years older than the other freshman students. He had a great shock of explosive black hair, and for the twelve weeks of the course he did not consult a barber about it. He wore soiled blue denim trousers and an equally dirty and rumpled blue denim jacket. He talked in loud, booming, rural tones, the kind of speech that vaudeville farmers

Field of study: Education
Al-Fe interactions and growth enhancement in Melastoma malabathricum and Miscanthus sinensis dominating acid sulphate soils.

Plants growing in acid sulphate soils are subject to high levels of Al availability, which may have effects on the growth and distribution of these species. Although Fe availability is also high in acid sulphate soils, little is known about the effect of Fe on the growth of native plants in these soils. Two species dominating this soil type in Asia, viz. Melastoma malabathricum and Miscanthus sinensis were grown hydroponically in a nutrient solution with different concentrations of Al and Fe. Melastoma malabathricum is found to be sensitive to Fe (40 and 100 microm). Application of 500 microm Al, however, completely ameliorates Fe toxicity and is associated with a decrease of Fe concentration in shoots and roots. The primary reason for the Al-induced growth enhancement of M. malabathricum is considered to be the Al-induced reduction of toxic Fe accumulation in roots and shoots. Therefore, Al is nearly essential for M. malabathricum when growing in acid sulphate soils. In contrast, application of both Fe and Al does not reduce the growth of M. sinensis, and Al application does not result in lower shoot concentrations of Fe, suggesting that this grass species has developed different mechanisms for adaptation to acid sulphate soils.

Field of study: Environmental science
Achieving location error tolerant barrier coverage for wireless sensor networks

Barrier coverage is a critical issue in wireless sensor networks deployed in security applications (e.g., border protection), whose performance strongly depends on the locations of sensor nodes. Existing works on barrier coverage typically assume that sensor nodes have accurate location information, which is not reasonable or practical for many real sensor networks. In this paper, we study the barrier coverage problem when sensor nodes have location errors and deploy mobile sensor nodes to improve barrier coverage if the network is not barrier-covered after initial deployment. We analyze the effects of location errors for barrier coverage and propose a fault-tolerant weighted barrier graph to model the barrier coverage formation problem. Based on the graph, we prove that the minimum number of mobile sensor nodes needed to achieve barrier coverage with a guarantee is the length of the shortest path on the graph. Furthermore, we improve the computational efficiency of the fault-tolerant barrier coverage formation algorithm by removing unnecessary edges on the graph. Experimental results validate the correctness of our analysis and the proposed algorithms.

Field of study: Computer science
GOOSY-VME: the data acquisition and analysis system at GSI

The VAX/VMS data acquisition and analysis system GOOSY has been used for several years at GSI (Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany) and other laboratories. A VME-based, parallel working front-end system has been implemented and is in use for experiments. The system is described. Results from performance measurements are reported. Future developments are presented.

Field of study: Physics
The effect of oxytocin on galactopoiesis in rats (Preliminary report)

下垂体前葉からの泌乳維持hormoneの分泌に対する後葉hormoneの役割を知るため,ratでoxytocinを投与し,それの乳腺機能に対する影響をみた。最初に,正常泌乳の各時期,及び離乳(20日)2日後の乳腺組織について,その呼吸,及び乳酸生成量をみたが,,泌乳12日に離乳させたratに1日3回3日間,oxytocin 1 I.U.を腹腔内に注射し,乳腺組織の呼吸と乳酸生成量をしらべた。離乳により,発情も回復してくるが,これ等の変化に対し,oxytocin投与は何等の抑制的効果ももたなかつた。しかし,これがすぐ,oxytocinに泌乳維持作用のないことを示すかどうかは疑問である。この点について目下,更に研究中である。

Field of study: Biology
Synthesis of new heterocyclic dehydroabietylamine derivatives and their biological activity

New derivatives of dehydroabietylamine were obtained by transformation of primary amino group to pyrrolidine, piperidine, azepane, morpholine, isoindoline, and pyrrole heterocycles. The obtained compounds were tested for antiviral activity against influenza A/California/07/09 (H1N1)pdm09 strain, as well as the activity against some types of bacteria and fungi.

Field of study: Chemistry
The natural product Aristolactam AIIIa as a new ligand targeting the polo-box domain of polo-like kinase 1 potently inhibits cancer cell proliferation

To search for novel inhibitors of human polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), which plays important roles in various aspects of mitotic progression and is believed as a promising anti-cancer drug target, and further investigate the potential inhibition mechanism of active compounds against Plk1, thus developing potent anti-tumor lead compounds.Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology-based assay and enzymatic inhibition assay were used to screen Plk1 inhibitors. Sulphorhodamine B (SRB)-based assay, flow cytometry, confocal microscopy and Western blotting were used to further identify the potent Plk1 inhibitor. To investigate the inhibitory mechanism of the active compound against Plk1, enzymatic inhibition assay, SPR and yeast two-hybrid technology-based assays were used.Aristolactam AIIIa was identified as a new type of Plk1 inhibitors, targeting the Polo Box domain (PBD) which is another efficient tactic for exploring Plk1 inhibitors. Further studies indicated that it could block the proliferations of HeLa, A549, HGC and the HCT-8/V cells (clinical Navelbine-resistant cancer cell), induce mitotic arrest of HeLa cells at G2/M phase with spindle abnormalities and promote apoptosis in HeLa cells. The results from SPR and yeast two-hybrid technology-based assays suggested that it could target both the catalytic domain of Plk1 (CD) and PBD and enhance the CD/PBD interaction.Our current work is expected to shed light on the potential anti-tumor mechanism of Aristolactam AIIIa, and this natural product might be possibly used as a lead compound for further developing anti-tumor drugs.

Field of study: Biology, Chemistry, Medicine
Palaeoscolecid worms from the Lower Ordovician Fezouata Lagerstätte, Morocco: Palaeoecological and palaeogeographical implications

The Lower Ordovician Fezouata Lagerstatte from Morocco (central Anti-Atlas, Zagora area) has yielded abundant and diverse soft-bodied fossils. Most described taxa were epibenthic or pelagic, so that little is known about the endobenthic components of the fauna. Here we report the discovery of a locally abundant element of the biota, a palaeoscolecid worm, which may have played an important ecological role in the community. Palaeoscolecids had a long, annulated body with an eversible tooth-bearing pharynx. They probably represent stem priapulids, but unlike them, they were protected by biomineralized (phosphatic) microscopic plates covering most of the body. These sclerites are commonly found isolated within SSF assemblages, thus considerably extending the fossil record of the group that ranges from the Cambrian Series 2 (Stage 3) to the upper Silurian. Like priapulids, palaeoscolecids might have been important bioturbators, contributing to the substrate colonization in the lower Palaeozoic. The discovery of abundant material (38 specimens) in the Fezouata Shale (Lower Ordovician, Morocco) allows us to reconsider their possible lifestyle, habitat and feeding habits. All the specimens belong to Palaeoscolex? tenensis, a species previously only known from a fragment of cuticle from the Floian of Bohemia (Czech Republic). Some exhibit remains of the gut and aboral spines, features that are highly informative with regard to the ecology of these extinct organisms, but rarely preserved. The phosphatic nature of the plates is demonstrated by compositional analyses and interpreted with regard to the diagenetic context of the Fezouata Shale as primary. We also hypothesize that (at least) some palaeoscolecids were makers of Tomaculum-type ichnofossils, which are elongate clusters of faecal pellets, and show that they ingested a notable amount of sediment during the normal course of feeding. The presence of Palaeoscolex? tenensis in the Lower Ordovician of Morocco further documents the great faunal similarities between Perunica and northern Gondwana at that time.

Field of study: Environmental science, Geography
Conceptualizing Relational Resources as Critical Factor for IT Outsourcing Success

The relational resources represent key assets for outsourcing success. Achieving full potential in the development and exploitation of relational resources in outsourcing can be understood as occurring in two closely intertwined phases: i. during the choice of the provider; ii. through the governance of the relation that develops over the execution of the contract. The current paper aims to provide conceptual insights into these two phases, as they apply to the particular area of companies’ IT outsourcing. A first objective is to illustrate the role of relational resources in determining the ultimate degree of success in IT outsourcing and to discuss its potential as an “instrument to address risk”. A second objective is to outline managerial criteria for correct choice of the IT provider and for appropriate direction of client-vendor relations over the course of the resulting contract execution. The main findings of this study show that the paradigmatic shift from a transaction-based outsourcing to a partnership-based outsourcing gives centrality to the contract management and on-going management. On this point, relational resources have become a critical factor for IT outsourcing success, and they have to be considered as a tool to address the risks of IT outsourcing. Concerning the managerial implications the main finding is the need to use the “relational requisites” rather than “subjective requisites” in the evaluation and choice of potential IT provider.

Field of study: Business
Les facteurs de transfert pour les groupes classiques: un formulaire

RésuméDans le cadre de la théorie de l’endoscopie, Langlands et Shelstad ont défini des facteurs de transfert. La définition a été généralisée au cas tordu par Kottwitz et Shelstad. En utilisant ces définitions, nous calculons ces facteurs de transfert par des formules explicites, dans le cas des groupes classiques.AbstractWithin the framework of endoscopy, transfer factors have been defined by Langlands and Shelstad, then by Kottwitz and Shelstad in the twisted case. Using their definition, we give explicit formulas for transfer factors, in the case of classical groups.

Field of study: Mathematics
Weldlines in Injection-Moulded Reinforced Thermoplastics: Mechanical Performance Improvement through Intrusion Induced Fibre Reorientation

The effect of processing conditions on the mechanical properties of a weldline in short glass fibre reinforced polypropylene was investigated. It appears that the presence of a weldline has a deleterious effect on the tensile properties, with a serious loss of strength and rigidity. The optimisation of the process parameters through a Taguchi methodology showed some improvement, the properties remaining however quite distant from those of specimens without weldline. The analysis of the fibre arrangement around the weldline gave clues to explain this situation. In the vicinity of the weldline, the typical skin-core structure was deeply disrupted with a skin layer almost non-existent. Therefore, most of the fibres were oriented perpendicularly to the direction of loading, resulting in poor load transfer. Calculations showed that the strength was almost reduced to the transverse resistance of a unidirectional composite because of the very specific orientation of the fibres around the weldline. The generation of a back-flow in the melt, thanks to a differential gate solidification, brought some reorientation of the fibres and some increase in the properties.

Field of study: Materials science
Selective hippocampal lesions abolish the contextual specificity of latent inhibition and conditioning.

The contextual specificity of the conditioned response (CR) and latent inhibition (LI) was examined in rats with selective hippocampal lesions. Acquisition of the CR to a novel conditioned stimulus (CS) was equally rapid in control and hippocampal rats (Experiments 1 and 2), and CS preexposure disrupted acquisition, (i.e., produced LI) to an equal extent in both groups (Experiment 2). In control subjects, however, the CR established in one context transferred incompletely to a second context (Experiment 1), and LI was attenuated when CS preexposure and conditioning occurred in different contexts (Experiment 3). This context specificity of the CR and LI was not apparent in hippocampal rats--the CR and LI transferred readily from one context to another. In addition, hippocampal rats were impaired in a spatial learning task (Experiment 2) but were unimpaired in learning a Pavlovian contextual discrimination (Experiment 3). These results suggest that a common contextual retrieval process underlies the contextual dependence of the CR and of LI and that this process is mediated by the hippocampus.

Field of study: Biology, Psychology
GLYCEROL PRODUCTION BY BATCH AND CONTINUOUS FERMENTATION WITH NaCl AS OSMO-REGULATOR

Adding sodium chloride into a medium containing 140g·L - 1 glucose could promote the glycerol accumulation efficiently, but the glycero l productivity would decrease when sodium chloride concentration was above 40g· L -1.Experimental results in shake flask showed that sodium chloride conce ntration of 40g·L -1 was favorable.Moreover, the feasibility of multi-st age cascade continuous fermentation was tested and the results indicated that mu lti-stage continuous system was superior to single-stage continuous fermentati on.Compared with batch fermentation,the glycerol concentration and the glycerol yield in multi-stage cascade continuous system decreased by only 9.83 % and 5 .71 % respectively, but the glycerol productivity increased by 18.54% even the preparing time between two batch fermentation was not considered..

Field of study: Chemistry, Environmental science