nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Current Transport and Limitation Characteristics of YBCO Coated Conductor Having Different Stabilizer Connected in Series

YBCO coated conductors (CC) with high critical current density and index values are expected to be applied to superconducting power device. In particular, it is characterized by possibilities of selecting a stabilizing material surrounding YBCO CCs so that they could be applied to superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) and superconducting cables according to their physical properties. In this study, we conducted experiments by selecting YBCO CCs having different stabilizers of copper and stainless steel. First, we investigated the voltage-current variations with applied over-current beyond their critical currents and temperature variation generated by Joule heating. From the results, YBCO CC with copper stabilizer was more suitable for the current carrying characteristics and the CC with stainless steel showed successful current limiting properties. Finally, The 2 YBCO CCs were connected in series and electrical properties were investigated. From the results, we confirmed that the safe current carrying operation with fault current limitation could be carried out successfully.

Field of study: Physics
Unveiling and Deconstructing the Enabling Myths of Neoliberalism Through Immanent Critique

In the deconstruction of the neoliberal narrative through immanent critique, we find that it is woven from enabling myths that not only support the neoliberal project, but are essential for its continued survival. This research aims to untangle and critically assess three of the core enabling myths of neoliberalism through the critical lens of immanent critique. If we hope to redesign our social institutions into structures which support the flourishing of individuals and the broader society, then we must aim a critical eye toward these enabling myths to unveil and debunk through immanent critique.

Field of study: Economics
TU-B-BRB-03: Panel Member.

In this interactive session, liver SBRT patient cases will be presented to highlight real-world considerations for ensuring safe and accurate treatment delivery. An expert panel of speakers will discuss approaches to challenges specific to liver SBRT including motion management, target delineation and imaging strategies, online treatment alignment, and appropriate prescription regimens and OAR dose limits. Audience participation will be encouraged.



This panel session is designed to provide case demonstration and review for liver SBRT in terms of 1. clinical appropriateness in patient selection 2. strategies for motion management in simulation 3. treatment planning approaches with image fusion/co-registration 4. image guidance in treatment delivery.

Field of study: Medicine, Physics
DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MICROORGANISMS IN MIXED CULTURES BY NANOPARTICLE-INDUCED NANOSPR ENHANCED FTIR SPECTROSCOPY AND CHEMOMETRICS

Routine identification of pathogenic microorganisms predominantly based on nutritional and biochemical tests is a time-consuming process, but delay may lead to fatal consequences at times. In this work, nanoparticle-induced nanoSPR enhanced IR spectroscopy was used in conjunction with a background elimination data processing algorithm to directly identify microorganisms in mixed cultures. It was demonstrated that the microbial composition of mixtures of different E. coli strains could be accurately identified using our method, at a concentration level of 103 CFU mL -1 . The procedure was also applied to determine the presence or absence of pathogenic microorganisms in a simple but real food matrix (apple juice). Results indicated that microorganisms in a cocktail of up to eight different species suspended in an apple juice matrix could be accurately identified for its presence or absence.

Field of study: Agricultural and Food sciences
Semi-convex hulls of analytic functions in the unit disk

For an analytic function / in the unit disk D we define the semi-convex hull Qf := j f{ze'')dt : 0 < e < TT, 2 G d | , which satisfies /(D) C Q/ C co/(D), and where co stands for the convex hull of a set. We characterize those / for which Q/ / C, and study the question whether the condition 0 ^ Qf implies that / is Univalent in D. Our investigation was triggered by the mean-value theorem ^ { f ^ / f dt : h<t2<tr + 2nY f e H\ earlier obtained by Danikas & Nestoridis [4].

Field of study: Philosophy
Research on the pattern of development of popular sport

Popular sport is one of many popular cultures nowadays.The pattern of its development and variation forms a positive correlation with the degree of opening of social economy and culture,showing unbalance between concurrent regions,the pattern of cross action according to the principle of "a lower level organization following the action of a higher level organization" and "a higher level organization following the action of a lower level organization",and the phenomenon of converged diversified cultures under the function of the diversified society and people's demand for diversification.However,its development cycle is usually longer than that of a common popular culture due to sports culture's own characteristics.

Field of study: Education
Implicancias Paleoclimáticas y Biogeográficas de Moluscos Terrestres y Dulceacuícolas del Holoceno Tardío en Isla Mocha, Provincia de Arauco, Chile

Evidencia estratigrafica de moluscos terrestres (Endodontidae) y dulceacuicolas (Sphaeridae, Amnicolidae y Succineidae) procedente de contextos arqueologicos de la Isla Mocha, sugieren una marcada tendencia a condiciones mas humedas hacia finales del Holoceno Tardio (post-900 A.P.), en coherencia con antecedentes polinicos previamente conocidos. Estos moluscos proporcionan relevante informacion para discutir el proceso colonizador de micro-moluscos en esta Isla.

Field of study: Biology, Environmental science
Titin A-band-specific monoclonal antibody Tit1 5H1.1. Cellular Titin as a centriolar protein in non-muscle cells.

We report the development of a new mouse anti-titin monoclonal antibody, named MAb Tit1 5H1.1, using the synthetic peptide corresponding to an amino acid sequence in the A-band of the titin molecule as immunogen. In the human skeletal muscle, MAb Tit1 5H1.1 reveals a clearly striated staining pattern, reacting with the A-band of the sarcomere. Electrophoretic, immunoblotting, and amino acid sequence analyses with ESI-MS/MS of human skeletal muscle tissue proved the target antigen of MAb Tit1 5H1.1 to be titin. The antibody reacts with titin also in non-muscle cells, producing a punctate pattern in cytoplasm and the nucleus. The most striking finding was a clear reaction of MAb Tit1 5H1.1 with centrioles in all cell types investigated so far. Immunocytochemical co-localization study with ninein-specific antibodies confirmed that the target antigen of MAb Tit1 5H1.1 is a centriole-associated protein. Experiments of the inhibition of synthesis of titin using titin siRNA duplex for the destruction of titin mRNA have shown a decreased staining of centrioles by MAb Tit1 5H1.1 in non-muscle cells and support the proposal that the target antigen of MAb is indeed titin. We suggest this anti-titin monoclonal antibody could be a valuable tool in the study of titin function and its subcellular location, both in muscle and non-muscle cells.

Field of study: Biology
Need of transboundary collaborations for tiger survival in Indian subcontinent

Tiger is an integral part of much of the remaining forest ecosystems in Indian subcontinent, which in turn provide ecological services essential to our own existence. Progressively shrinking and denuding forests are effectively trapping tigers in unsustainably small protected areas in Indian subcontinent, with obvious fatal consequences. Tigers need large undisturbed landscapes with ample prey to raise young ones and maintain long-term genetic and demographic viability. The subcontinent is reported to be the last haven for tigers with more than 60 % of the global population. However, large tracts of biodiversity-rich forests straddle two or more countries in the subcontinent and need holistic, concerted approaches to conservation over-riding political boundaries. The looming extinction crisis and urgency to protect these areas cannot be overemphasized.

Field of study: Environmental science
Acyl Nitronates in Organic Synthesis. An Expeditious Synthesis of 2,5-Dialkylpyrrolidines and 2,5-Dialkylpyrrolines Including Ant Venom Alkaloids

Acetyl nitronates (acetic nitronic anhydrides), readily obtainable from ketones and nitroalkenes, have been demonstrated to serve as potentially useful intermediates for the synthesis of 2,5-dialkylpyrrolidines and 2,5-dialkylpyrrolines, and a short-step synthesis of some ant venom alkaloids has been accomplished via these acetyl nitronates.

Field of study: Chemistry
Measures of mortality in the study of individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus in the UK haemophilia population

Two statistical issues that have arisen in the course of a study of mortality and disease related to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the haemophilia population of the UK are discussed. The first of these concerns methods of standardization for age and it is shown that, when the mortality of HIV-infected individuals with different severities of haemophilia are compared, an analysis based on the ratio of observed to national expected deaths suggests that mortality in HIV-infected individuals depends on the severity of their haemophilia. This conclusion is inappropriate and mortality in HIV-infected individuals is, in fact, similar regardless of severity of haemophilia. The second part of the paper discusses the effect of using various end points for studies of survival and progression of HIV-related disease. In the present example it was possible to calculate relative survival in HIV-infected individuals, i.e. survival after correcting for mortality expected in the absence of HIV infection. An analysis based on absolute survival gave a very similar picture of the effect of age at infection to an analysis based on relative survival, whereas an analysis based on the time to diagnosis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) underestimated the effect substantially and the possible alternative end point of time to AIDS or HIV-related death was shown to be subject to considerable misclassification error.

Field of study: Mathematics
Variation in the terrestrial isotopic composition and atomic weight of argon (IUPAC Technical Report)

The isotopic composition and atomic weight of argon (Ar) are variable in terrestrial materials. Those variations are a source of uncertainty in the assignment of standard properties for Ar, but they provide useful information in many areas of science. Variations in the stable isotopic composition and atomic weight of Ar are caused by several different processes, including (1) isotope production from other elements by radioactive decay (radiogenic isotopes) or other nuclear transformations (e.g., nucleogenic isotopes), and (2) isotopic fractionation by physical-chemical processes such as diffusion or phase equilibria. Physical-chemical processes cause correlated mass-dependent variations in the Ar isotope-amount ratios (40Ar/36Ar, 38Ar/36Ar), whereas nuclear transformation processes cause non-mass-dependent variations. While atmospheric Ar can serve as an abundant and homogeneous isotopic reference, deviations from the atmospheric isotopic ratios in other Ar occurrences limit the precision with which a standard atomic weight can be given for Ar. Published data indicate variation of Ar atomic weights in normal terrestrial materials between about 39.7931 and 39.9624. The upper bound of this interval is given by the atomic mass of 40Ar, as some samples contain almost pure radiogenic 40Ar. The lower bound is derived from analyses of pitchblende (uranium mineral) containing large amounts of nucleogenic 36Ar and 38Ar. Within this interval, measurements of different isotope ratios (40Ar/36Ar or 38Ar/36Ar) at various levels of precision are widely used for studies in geochronology, water–rock interaction, atmospheric evolution, and other fields.

Field of study: Chemistry
Effects of humidified atmosphere on oxygen transport properties in La2Mo2O9

The effects of humidified atmosphere on oxygen surface exchange and diffusion in La 2 Mo 2 O 9 have been investigated. After annealing samples in D 2 O vapour, the depth and line scan profiles of the OD - species showed the incorporation of hydroxyl groups on the surface and of diffusion into the bulk. The hydroxyl diffusion process appears to be different from that of oxygen diffusion, and might indicate the existence of ambipolar diffusion of oxide ions and hydroxyl species in La 2 Mo 2 O 9 .

Field of study: Materials science
Gentamicin resistance genes in environmental bacteria: prevalence and transfer.

A comprehensive multiphasic survey of the prevalence and transfer of gentamicin resistance (Gm(r)) genes in different non-clinical environments has been performed. We were interested to find out whether Gm(r) genes described from clinical isolates can be detected in different environmental habitats and whether hot spots can be identified. Furthermore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of selective pressure on the abundance and mobility of resistance genes. The study included samples from soils, rhizospheres, piggery manure, faeces from cattle, laying and broiler chickens, municipal and hospital sewage water, and coastal water. Six clusters of genes coding for Gm-modifying enzymes (aac(3)-I, aac(3)-II/VI, aac(3)-III/IV, aac(6')-II/Ib, ant(2'')-I, aph(2'')-I) were identified based on a database comparison and primer systems for each gene cluster were developed. Gm-resistant bacteria isolated from the different environments had a different taxonomic composition. In only 34 of 207 isolates, mainly originating from sewage, faeces and coastal water polluted with wastewater, were known Gm(r) genes corresponding to five of the six clusters detected. The strains belonged to genera in which the genes had previously been detected (Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter) but also to phylogenetically distant bacteria, such as members of the CFB group, alpha- and beta-Proteobacteria. Gm(r) genes located on mobile genetic elements (MGE) could be captured in exogenous isolations into recipients belonging to alpha-, beta- and gamma-Proteobacteria from all environments except for soil. A high proportion of the MGE, conferring Gm resistance isolated from sewage, were identified as IncPbeta plasmids. Molecular detection of Gm(r) genes, and broad host range plasmid-specific sequences (IncP-1, IncN, IncW and IncQ) in environmental DNA indicated a habitat-specific dissemination. A high abundance and diversity of Gm(r) genes could be shown for samples from faeces (broilers, layers, cattle), from sewage, from seawater, collected close to a wastewater outflow, and from piggery manure. In the latter samples all six clusters of Gm(r) genes could be detected. The different kinds of selective pressure studied here seemed to enhance the abundance of MGE, while an effect on Gm(r) genes was not obvious.

Field of study: Biology, Environmental science
T cells subsets and cytokines in allergic and non-allergic children. II. Analysis and IL-5 and IL-10 mRNA expression and protein production.

Interleukin 5 (IL-5) has an enhancing effect on IL-4 induced immunoglobulin E (IgE) synthesis. Furthermore, IL-5 plays an important role in the differentiation, recruitment, activation and survival of eosinophils. IL-10 has a downmodulating effect on interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) production and can exert strong anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, we analysed whether differences were present in IL-5 and IL-10 mRNA expression and protein production between T cells of children with allergic and non-allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis and healthy control children. We demonstrated significant increases in IL-5 mRNA expression and protein production in different T cell fractions of children with allergic and non-allergic asthma and children with atopic dermatitis as compared to healthy controls. This indicates that IL-5 is not only involved in allergy, but also plays a role in the inflammatory process of non-allergic asthma. Interestingly, IL-10 mRNA expression by purified T cells of children with allergic and non-allergic asthma and children with atopic dermatitis was strongly decreased as compared with that of healthy controls. In the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) fraction, IL-10 mRNA expression was comparable between the four groups. We hypothesize that this decreased T cell derived IL-10 expression results in a lack of immunosuppression of the inflammatory process in these diseases. However, a role of monocyte derived IL-10 cannot be ruled out.

Field of study: Medicine
Environmental justice in Scotland: policy, pedagogy and praxis

In the first decade of Scottish devolution, environmental justice became a significant component of environmental policy for the Scottish Executive, especially under First Minister Jack McConnell. This paper analyses how a discourse developed within policy narratives which separated environmental justice from economic growth and the interests of capital. In particular, it explores the role which research has played in justifying this discourse. By contrast, an alternative discourse has developed through reflexive and dialogical research associated with the praxis of the environmental organization Friends of the Earth Scotland. This alternative discourse is embedded in the embryonic environmental justice movement in Scotland, and identifies environmental justice as a social conflict which exposes negative externalities at the heart of economic development.

Field of study: Environmental science
Analytical Electroacoustic Model of a Piezoelectric Composite Circular Plate

This paper presents an analytical two-port, lumped-element model of a piezoelectric composite circular plate. In particular, the individual components of a piezoelectric unimorph transducer are modeled as lumped elements of an equivalent electrical circuit using conjugate power variables. The transverse static deflection field as a function of pressure and voltage loading is determined to synthesize the two-port dynamic model. Classical laminated plate theory is used to derive the equations of equilibrium for clamped circular laminated plates containing one or more piezoelectric layers. A closed-form solution is obtained for a unimorph device in which the diameter of the piezoelectric layer is less than that of the shim. Methods to estimate the model parameters are discussed, and model verification via finite-element analyses and experiments is presented. The results indicate that the resulting lumped-element model provides a reasonable prediction (within 3%) of the measured response to voltage loading and the natural frequency, thus enabling design optimization of unimorph piezoelectric transducers.

Field of study: Physics
The Activity-based View：New Development of the Theory of Strategic Management

The field of strategy has traditionally concentrated on the macro-level of organizations. It needs now to attend to much more micro-level phenomena. The activity-based view of strategy focuses on the detailed process and practice in a organi- zation. According to the newest foreign literature, this paper introduces the activity-based view about its origins, themes, main content and the role to the development of strategic management.

Field of study: Economics
Role of carboxyl terminus of μ- and δ-opioid receptor in agonist -induced down-regulation

Chronic exposure of μ- and δ-opioid receptors to their agonists leads to different rates in receptor down-regulation. In order to analyze the role of the carboxyl terminus of μ- and δ-opioid receptors in the difference in the rate of down-regulation, two chimeras of these receptors were generated by swapping the carboxyl termini; MORTAGDT and DORTAGMT. These chimeras were tagged at the N-terminus with hemagglutinin (HA) epitope (YPYDVPDYA), which can be recognized by the monoclonal antibody 12CA5, and then stably expressed in Neuro 2A (N2A) cells. The swapping of the carboxyl termini did not alter the ligand selectivity of these receptor chimeras. However, they did exhibit a reduction in agonist potency to inhibit forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity for all agonists tested except etorphine which had a potency comparable to that of wild type receptors. Treatment of the N2A cells expressing MORTAGDT with 50 nM etorphine produced a faster rate of receptor down-regulation when compared to the wild type μ-opioid receptor. Immunofluorescence microscopy of the MORTAGDT chimera using a monoclonal antibody against HA confirmed internalization of the receptors after treatment with etorphine for 1 and 6 h. There was a reduction in the HA-immunoreactivity at the cell surface of the MORTAGDT chimera concurrent with more noticeable HA-immunoreactivity inside the cell compared to the wild type receptor. On the other hand, the rate of down-regulation of DORTAGMT receptors was seen to be the same as the wild type δ-opioid receptor after etorphine treatment. Immunofluorescence studies showed more reduction in cell surface staining of the DORTAGMT chimera compared to the wild type receptor. These data suggest the involvement of the carboxyl terminus in agonist-induced down-regulation and internalization of the μ-opioid receptor. However, different mechanisms that are unrelated to the carboxyl terminus may operate in the down-regulation of δ-opioid receptor.

Field of study: Biology
Cloud detection in all-sky images via multi-scale neighborhood features and multiple supervised learning techniques

Cloud detection is important for providing necessary information such as cloud cover in many applications. Existing cloud detection methods include red-to-blue ratio thresholding and other classification-based techniques. In this paper, we propose to perform cloud detection using supervised learning techniques with multi-resolution features. One of the major contributions of this work is that the features are extracted from local image patches with different sizes to include local structure and multi-resolution information. The cloud models are learned through the training process. We consider classifiers including random forest, support vector machine, and Bayesian classifier. To take advantage of the clues provided by multiple classifiers and various levels of patch sizes, we employ a voting scheme to combine the results to further increase the detection accuracy. In the experiments, we have shown that the proposed method can distinguish cloud and non-cloud pixels more accurately compared with existing works.

Field of study: Environmental science
An Experimental Study of Case-Discussion Learning

THE PURPOSE of this study was to evaluate certain goals of the case-discussion method of teaching. The content of this type of course consists of problems in interpersonal relations which occur in the family, college and industry. Students are provided with cas e-books and read ings and encouraged to participate inclassroom discussion. The teaching technique is la r g ely non-directive, and the teacher attempts to seta permissive atmosphere in which each student will feel free to participate. The stimulus for this type of course was a seminar conducted by Wallace B. Donham, Dean of the Harvard Business School. The writer be came intrigued by the Human Relations Course while teaching it at Colgate University with Dr. F. K. Berrien, Chairman of Human R e la tions and author of Comments and Cases on Human Rela tions (5). As a result of a seminar with Dean Donham the writer became further interested.

Field of study: Education