nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Research on the same-distance greynumber's step-supplement Model GM(1,1) and forcasting of the nationl record of long jump

This article applies the grey model approach in the grey system theory to set up the Same-distance Grey munmer's Step-supplement forecasting model GM(1,1)of the national record of long jump,begin directed against the ambiguity,unknown and so on.It also performs the examinnation of posterior difference and analysis of the relative degree.It turns out the precision of forecasting model is equal to first class(GOOD).At the same time,this model has been applied to forecast the sport achievement of 2002.

Field of study: Education
Evaluation of Mechanistic Models for Nitrate Removal in Woodchip Bioreactors.

Woodchip bioreactors (WBRs) are increasingly being applied to remove nitrate from runoff. In this study, replicate columns with aged woodchips were subjected to a range of measured flow rates and influent nitrate concentrations with an artificial stormwater matrix. Dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrate, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were measured along the length of the columns. A multispecies reactive transport model with Michaelis-Menten kinetics was developed to explain the concentration profiles of DO, nitrate, and DOC. Four additional models were developed based on simplifying assumptions, and all five models were tested for their ability to predict nitrate concentrations in the experimental columns. Global sensitivity analysis and constrained optimization determined the set of parameters that minimized the root-mean-squared error (RMSE) between the model and the experimental data. A k-fold validation test revealed no statistical difference in RMSE for predicting nitrate concentrations between a zero-order model and the other multispecies reactive transport models tested. Additionally, the multispecies reactive transport models demonstrated no significant differences in predicting DO and DOC concentrations. These results suggest that denitrification in an aged woodchip bioreactor at constant temperature can effectively be modeled using zero-order kinetics when nitrate concentrations are >2 mg-N L-1. A multispecies model may be used if predicting DOC or DO concentrations is desired.

Field of study: Environmental science
A geometric version of BGP reflection functors

Quiver Grassmannians and quiver flags are natural generalisations of usual Grassmannians and flags. They arise in the study of quiver representations and Hall algebras. In general, they are projective varieties which are neither smooth nor irreducible. 
We use a scheme theoretic approach to calculate their tangent space and to obtain a dimension estimate similar to one of Reineke. Using this we can show that if there is a generic representation, then these varieties are smooth and irreducible. If we additionally have a counting polynomial we deduce that their Euler characteristic is positive and that the counting polynomial evaluated at zero yields one. 
After having done so, we introduce a geometric version of BGP reflection functors which allows us to deduce an even stronger result about the constant coefficient of the counting polynomial. We use this to obtain an isomorphism between the Hall algebra at q=0 and Reineke's generic extension monoid in the Dynkin case.

Field of study: Mathematics
Validity of self-reported alcohol consumption in nondependent drinkers with unintentional injuries.

Self-report has become an anchor for alcohol assessment in the acute and primary care populations. The purpose of the study was to determine the validity of self-reported alcohol consumption after unintentional injuries in hospitalized, nondependent drinkers.



Non-alcohol-dependent subjects 18 years of age and older with unintentional injuries (n = 209) were enrolled in the study and were interviewed if they had either an admitting blood alcohol concentration (BAC) > or = 10 mg/dl (0.01 g/dl) or a positive screen for a history of problem drinking. The self-reported number of standard drinks, time that drinking commenced, sex, and weight were used to calculate estimated blood alcohol concentration (EBAC), which was then compared to the admission BAC.



We had data to calculate the EBAC on 141 of the 209 subjects. Seven men and no women with positive (> or = 10 mg/dl) BAC denied drinking. Of the 134 subjects for whom we had data to calculate EBAC and who acknowledged drinking, mean BAC was 147.06 mg/dl and mean EBAC was 68.66 mg/dl. For women (n = 30), mean BAC was 149.53 mg/dl and mean EBAC was 114.67 mg/dl; for men (n = 104), mean BAC was 146.35 mg/dl and mean EBAC was 55.38 mg/dl. The Spearman's p between laboratory BAC and EBAC was 0.461 (p < 0.001) for all subjects (n = 134), 0.275 (NS) for women (n = 30), and 0.532 (p < 0.001) for men (n = 104). For women and men separately, multiple regression analyses were performed to predict BAC by using weight and reported number of drinks. For women, weight and number of drinks accounted for 3% of the variance in laboratory BAC [r = 0.181, F(2,47) = 0.797,p = NS]. In contrast, for men these same predictors accounted for 34% of the variance [r = 0.585, F(2,135) = 35.203,p < 0.001).



Most nondependent patients with unintentional injury acknowledged drinking before injury. After injury, women and men have different patterns of reporting their drinking, with men more frequently underreporting but reporting more accurately and women more random in their self-reports.

Field of study: Medicine
The Physiological Responses of Jiangxi Yanshan Red Bud Taro(Colocasia esculenta L.Schott var.cormosus CV.Hongyayu)Plantlets Under Salt Stress

The physiolo gical responses of Jiangxi Yanshan red bud taro(Colocasia esculenta L.Schott var.cormosus CV.Hongyayu)plantlets under salt stress were studied.The results show that:(1)The lower concentration Na Cl(1 g/L and 2.5 g/L)contributed to the growth and development of plantlets,the fresh weight and dry weight increased significantly and there was no significant effect on root/shoot ratio,while the higher concentration of Na Cl(5 g/L,10 g/L and 15 g/L)inhibited the growth and development of plantlets,fresh weight,dry weight and root/shoot ratio decreased significantly.(2)The lower concentration Na Cl(1 g/L and 2.5 g/L)could increase the content of chlorophyll and soluble protein,improve the activity of SOD and POD.But the higher concentration of Na Cl(5 g/L,10 g/L and 15 g/L) decreased the content of chlorophyll and soluble protein content,decreased the activity of SOD and POD.(3)Na Cl stress at any concentration all increased the Na+and K+content of red bud taro leaves and roots,and the Na+/K+of leaves and roots also increased with the increasing of Na Cl concentration.(4)Na Cl stress at any concentration all increased the content of soluble sugar and proline of red bud taro.Low concentration Na Cl stress did not result in the change of malondialdehyde content and the cytoplasmic membrane permeability of red bud taro tube seedlings leaf,but high concentration Na Cl stress could cause the increase of malondialdehyde content and the cytoplasmic membrane permeability of red bud taro tube seedlings leaf.Thecontent of p roline showed significant positive correlation with the content of soluble sugar and MDA and the membrane permeability,which showed that the accumulative content of proline could reflect the hurt degree of red bud taro plantlet.

Field of study: Agricultural and Food sciences
The nucleoid-associated protein HU enhances 8-oxoguanine base excision by the formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase.

The nucleoid-associated protein HU is involved in numerous DNA transactions and thus is essential in DNA maintenance and bacterial survival. The high affinity of HU for SSBs (single-strand breaks) has suggested its involvement in DNA protection, repair and recombination. SSB-containing DNA are major intermediates transiently generated by bifunctional DNA N-glycosylases that initiate the BER (base excision repair) pathway. Enzyme kinetics and DNA-binding experiments demonstrate that HU enhances the 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase activity of Fpg (formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase) by facilitating the release of the enzyme from its final DNA product (one nucleoside gap). We propose that the displacement of Fpg from its end-DNA product by HU is an active mechanism in which HU recognizes the product when it is still bound by Fpg. Through DNA binding, the two proteins interplay to form a transient ternary complex Fpg/DNA/HU which results in the release of Fpg and the molecular entrapment of SSBs by HU. These results support the involvement of HU in BER in vivo.

Field of study: Biology, Computer science
Slater ice rules and H-bond dynamics in KDP-type systems.

We report on the first observation of the dynamics of correlated hydrogen switching among the six Slater D2PO4 configurations, induced by unpaired D3PO4 and DPO4 Takagi group diffusion in a deuteron glass Rb0.5(ND4)0.5D2PO4. The results obtained by two-dimensional (2D) 31P exchange NMR prove the validity of the Slater-Takagi ice rules and allow for the direct determination of the correlation time for the unpaired Takagi group visits to a given D2PO4 group.

Field of study: Physics
Development and characterization of 1,1-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane-based benzoxazine and cyanate ester hybrid polymer matrices: Thermal and morphological properties

via in situ polymerization. The chemical blending of benzoxazines with cyanate ester was carried out thermally and the resulting product was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectra. The benzoxazine–cyanate ester hybrid polymer matrices were investigated for their thermal and morphological properties. The glass transition temperature, curing behavior, thermal stability, char yield, and flame resistance of the hybrid polymer matrices were studied by means of differential scanning calorimeter and thermogravimetric analysis.

Field of study: Materials science
The Role of Interpersonal Competence in Memory for Conversation

The role of interpersonal competence in memory for conversation was investigated by comparing evidence for two mechanisms of competence effects: (a) organization of social knowledge in memory and (b) use of interaction management skills. In Study 1, undergraduates acted as participants or observers in conversations with scripted confederates and afterward took a cued recall test. Interpersonal competence was positively correlated with recall of the confederate’s ideas among participants with same-sex confederates. In Study 2, undergraduates acted as participants in similar conversations with friends or strangers, and the effect of competence was replicated. Results are interpreted as evidence for an interaction management skills explanation of competence effects.

Field of study: Psychology
Concepts of Childhood: What We Know and Where We Might Go

The publication some forty years ago of the landmark work by Philippe Ariès, entitled Centuries of Childhood in its widely-read English translation, unleashed decades of scholarly investigation of that once-neglected target, the child. Since then, historians have uncovered the traces of attitudes toward children — were they neglected, exploited, abused, cherished? — and patterns of child-rearing. They have explored such issues, among others, as the varieties of European household structure; definitions of the stages of life; childbirth, wetnursing, and the role of the midwife; child abandonment and the foundling home; infanticide and its prosecution; apprenticeship, servitude, and fostering; the evolution of schooling; the consequences of religious diversification; and the impact of gender. This essay seeks to identify key features and recent trends amid this abundance of learned inquiry.

Field of study: History
New Prescriptions for Migraine in the Emergency Department: Treating a common affliction and presenting symptom.

Migraine headache is a common affliction and presenting symptom in the emergency department. Its diagnosis is entirely clinical, and the treating physician should ensure precise diagnosis before commencing therapy. General non-pharmacological measures and oral medications are usually effective in relieving the symptoms. Occasionally, patients with fixed migraines require parenteral therapy. Some medications used for migraine are antiemetic agents, ergot preparations, narcotic agents, phenothiazines (particularly chlorpromazine), and newer selective serotonin agonists.

Field of study: Medicine
Data-driven Exploration of Pressure-Induced Superconductivity in AgIn$_{5}$Se$_{8}$

Candidates compounds for new thermoelectric and superconducting materials, which have narrow band gap and flat bands near band edges, were exhaustively searched by a high-throughput first-principles calculation from an inorganic materials database named AtomWork. We focused on AgIn$_{5}$Se$_{8}$ which has high density of state near the Fermi level. AgIn$_{5}$Se$_{8}$ was successfully synthesized as single crystals using a melt and slow cooling method. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the obtained crystal is high quality without deficiencies. The valence states in AgIn$_{5}$Se$_{8}$ were determined to be Ag1+, In3+ and Se2- in accordance with a formal charge by the core level X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The electrical resistance was evaluated under high pressure using a diamond anvil cell with boron-doped diamond electrodes. Although the sample was insulator with a resistance of above 40 M{\Omega} at ambient pressure, the resistance markedly decreased with increase of the pressure, and a pressure-induced superconducting transition was discovered at 3.4 K under 52.5 GPa. The transition temperature increased up to 3.7 K under further pressure of 74.0 GPa.

Field of study: Physics
On a Side Channel and Fault Attack Concurrent Countermeasure Methodology for MCU-based Byte-sliced Cipher Implementations

As IoT applications are increasingly being deployed, there comes along an ever increasing need for the security and privacy of the involved data. Since cryptographic implementations are used to achieve these goals, it is important for embedded software developers to take into consideration hardware attacks. Side Channel Analysis (SCA) and Fault Attacks (FA) are the main classes of such attacks, which can either reduce or even eliminate the security levels of an embedded design. Therefore, cryptographic implementations must address both of them at the same time. To this end, multiple solutions have been proposed to address both attacks in one solution, such as Dual Pre-charge Logic (DPL) and Encoding countermeasures. In this work, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the state of the art, concurrent SCA and FA countermeasures. Additionally, we propose a software countermeasure in order to provide protection against both types of attacks. The proposed countermeasure is a general approach, applicable to any byte-sliced cipher and any modern (32/64-bit) Micro-Controller Units (MCU). The proposed countermeasure is applied to an AES S-BOX implementation, for a 32-bit MCU (ARM Cortex-M3). The countermeasure has been experimentally evaluated against Correlation Power Analysis (CPA) attacks for both platforms while its fault detection capabilities are theoretically described.

Field of study: Computer science, Mathematics
CROSS SECTION DESIGN OF HELICOPTER ROTOR BLADE BASED ON TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION

A cross section design method of a helicopter rotor blade based on topology optimization is proposed. The stiffness characteristics of a 2-D cross section are given using the finite element method. Both of shear and warping deformations are considered, and the coupling of warping deformation and rigid displacement is eliminated. The averaged compliance of a rotor beam or the stiffness of a cross section is adopted as the objective function. An optimization problem is solved based on SIMP algebraic with the rotor weight constraint condition. The derivative of an objective function is obtained, and Sequence Linear Program(SLP) is used. The results show that the averaged compliance of a Ⅱ shape cross section is minimum when a rotor beam with a small span. An H beam would be the best when its span increases. In addition, final optimization results would be influenced by the load boundary condition. This method is suited for the design of the cross section of helicopter rotor blades in their concept design phase.

Field of study: Engineering
Comparative studies of p-type InP layers formed by Zn3As2 and Zn3P2 diffusion

The Zn3As2 and Zn3P2 were used as Zn-diffusion sources to form a p-region in undoped-InP wafers. The p-type InP formed by Zn diffusion from a Zn3P2 source has higher transmittance over the testing-spectrum range 1,000–1,700 nm versus Zn diffusion from a Zn3As2 source. In the case of a p-type region formed from a Zn3As2 source, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed As atoms were reduced from the oxide state and formed an InAs composition, which introduces more absorption loss.

Field of study: Materials science
Particle concentration in internally circulating and multistage spouted desulfurization tower

To increase particle concentration and reinforce internal circulation in circulating fluidized bed-flue gas desulfurizer(CFB-FGD),an internally circulating and multistage spouted tower was presented and an experimental installation was established.By changing inlet gas velocity,particle concentration and distance from tower-top, the particle concentration and resistance force were predicted by using the collapse bed method.An internal concentration scale was obtained.A numerical study was conducted to simulate particle flow.Predicted particle concentration,resistance force and other parameters agreed with experimental data.The conclusions are good reference for engineering application.

Field of study: Chemistry, Environmental science
A seleção brasileira de futebol na copa américa de 2007: uma demanda discursiva inacabada - DOI: 10.4025/reveducfis.v20i4.6711

This article is located in the field of studies about football and its relations with contemporary culture. In this sense one defined the America Cup 2007 as a corpus to investigate the empirical discursive productions that concern the Brazilian National Team under the command of coach Dunga. This event was treated, by much of the national sports media, as a major test for the Brazilian National Football Team, after the leaving the World Cup 2006. Using the methodology of analysis of discourse from the perspective suggested by Michel Foucault, this paper makes a study of media discourse in the Brazilian National Team during the competition where the Team is surges as champion, winning at the final the Argentina Team by 3 X 0. As a conclusion of the study, one points to the media field as an area where it was produced and circulated a discursive plurality which established a dispute between different identities possibilities for the Brazilian National Team.

Field of study: Education
Investigating Effectiveness of an Expression Education Support Robot That Nods and Gives Hints

In recent years, expression education, which improves the imagination and communication skills, has been attracting attention. It is necessary to provide the appropriate support and evaluation to each expression education student based on their imagination level and individual learning skills. However, it is difficult to match the individual students’ needs in the present educational institutions, where the instructions are typically offered in group settings. In this study, a robot is used as a substitute to the human instructor. Previous studies in the field proposed the use of robots that offer hints to boost the students’ imagination. This paper suggested that the robot had an education-support effect similar to that of a human instructor. However, it is critical to ensure that the learners are interested in the robot in order to achieve positive learning effects. Thus, we performed an experiment to verify the effectiveness of an expression education support robot that nods, as a form of non-verbal communication. The study results indicate the success of the proposed robot in improving the students learning effect and suggest the effectiveness of nodding as well as providing hints.

Field of study: Computer science
Simulation model for complex refrigeration systems based on two-phase fluid network – Part I: Model development

Some complex refrigeration and heat pump systems with several condensers and evaporators have been developed for different kinds of application. Traditional simulation models were developed for systems in certain operating modes and they failed in modeling the complex refrigeration systems with uncertainties of heat exchangers function and refrigerant flowing direction. In order to predict the performance of complex refrigeration systems, a simulation model is presented based on the two-phase fluid network. The model is consisted of distributed-parameter model of heat exchangers and connecting tubes, map-based model of inverter compressor and electronic expansion valve (EEV). Based on the characteristic of refrigeration system and fluid network, the three conservation equations, i.e. energy, momentum and mass equations, are solved iteratively. This model can deal with the uncertainty of refrigerant flow direction by separating the solving process of the components and the fluid network model, and therefore can simulate different kinds of complex refrigeration systems in different operating modes and conditions. The model is validated by the experimental data of an inverter air conditioner in heating/cooling operating modes and it shows the error of the model is mainly determined by the error of submodels of components in calculating heat transfer and pressure loss. The model is applied for performance analysis of three kinds of complex refrigeration systems in the accompanying article [Shi W.X., Shao, S.Q., Li, X.T., Yan, Q.S., 2008. Simulation model for complex heat pump systems based on two-phase fluid network: part II – model applications, ].

Field of study: Engineering
Suspicion, Affective Response, and Educational Benefit as a Result of Deception in Psychology Research

This research evaluated participants' reactions to deception in experiments by having them participate in a replication of a deception experiment. Half of the participants were made aware of this deception immediately, whereas the other half were not. Participants reported little negative impact from being deceived, but significant negative effects were reported on the basis of receiving negative feedback (a manipulation in the deception experiment). Furthermore, participants who were informed of the deception became more suspicious than uninformed participants, and this effect lasted for 3 months after the initial experience. Thus, deception may not be as costly to participants as commonly believed. From a cost-benefit standpoint, other issues (e.g., suspicion and negative stimuli in experiments) should be of greater concern.

Field of study: Psychology
Multimodal hard X-ray imaging of a mammography phantom at a compact synchrotron light source.

The Compact Light Source is a miniature synchrotron producing X-rays at the interaction point of a counter-propagating laser pulse and electron bunch through the process of inverse Compton scattering. The small transverse size of the luminous region yields a highly coherent beam with an angular divergence of a few milliradians. The intrinsic monochromaticity and coherence of the produced X-rays can be exploited in high-sensitivity differential phase-contrast imaging with a grating-based interferometer. Here, the first multimodal X-ray imaging experiments at the Compact Light Source at a clinically compatible X-ray energy of 21 keV are reported. Dose-compatible measurements of a mammography phantom clearly demonstrate an increase in contrast attainable through differential phase and dark-field imaging over conventional attenuation-based projections.

Field of study: Physics