nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
[Dipyridamole in the treatment and prevention of cerebral venous thrombosis in women using hormonal contraceptives].

The review covers the topic of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) in women taking hormonal contraceptives. The paper gives the definition of CVT, the history and analysis of epidemiological data. It was shown that the increased risk of CVT occurs due to the influence of hormonal contraceptives on the system of hemostasis and severity of the risk depends on the preparation formula, the way and duration of its administration. The authors show the role of combination of hormonal contraceptives with other risk factors and predisposing conditions for the development of thrombosis. The rules for choosing the method of contraception in accordance with generally accepted recommendations are suggested. The description of pathogenic mechanisms of CVT, clinical picture and disease as well as neuroimaging criteria and the rules for choosing a diagnostic method are presented. The authors provide the description of complex therapy in the acute period of the disease, the rules for secondary prevention. Particular attention is paid to the possibility of using dipyridamole, which has a pleiotropic effect, influencing all the components of the Virchov triad, as a part of a complex therapy and secondary prevention.

Field of study: Medicine, Psychology
Cloning and expression analysis of a fungal protease inhibitor gene CP8 in Antheraea pernyi(Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)

Protease inhibitors play important roles in the insect immunity. Here, we isolated a fungal protease inhibitor gene from Antheraea pernyi(Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) for the first time. The gene was named ApCP8. ApCP8 contains 318 nucleotides with a putative open reading frame(ORF) encoding 106 amino acid residues(with a signal peptide of 19 amino acid residues). The isoelectric point(p I) and predicted molecular weight of ApCP8 protein were 9.05 and 11.3 k Da, respectively. Amino acid sequence and phylogenetic analysis among A. pernyi and other insects represented that these fungal protease inhibitors had a high homology, and ApCP8 existed in one evolutionary branching with Antheraea mylitta's. RT-qPCR results showed that ApCP8 displayed the highest expression level in the fat body. In addition, ApCP8 can be upregulated by Beauveria bassiana in 0.5 h after injection, which indicated that it may be involved in the antifungal immune response of Antheraea pernyi. Meanwhile, the recombinant protein of As-ApCP8 was expressed successfully by pET-32a(+) vector, and the antiApCP8 antibody against rabbit was prepared. This research will provide a preliminary basis for further antifungal immune function exploration of ApCP8.

Field of study: Agricultural and Food sciences
Quench behaviors of QMG current limiting elements under the influence of magnetic field

The superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) is a very attractive device for power networks, therefore, a lot of research and development has been conducted for several types of SFCLs. We have studied quench properties of QMG (quench melt growth) YBCO bulk elements for a resistive type SFCL. The bulk element has a high critical current density J/sub c/ exceeding 10000 A/cm/sup 2/ at 77 K and could carry 2 kA transport current. In order to protect the element from burn-out during quenching, the element has not only coatings such as Ag and solder but also a magnetic field applied to the element simultaneous with the quench. The magnetic field helps the quenching by decreasing the J/sub c/ for the whole element. Quench behaviors of the QMG bulk elements under pulsed magnetic fields up to 0.43 T generated by a magnet with copper windings were studied in liquid argon whose boiling point is 87.3 K. Successful quench of the entire element was observed.

Field of study: Physics
An analysis of sports micro-blogs and their values in the "ego-media" environment.

In the emerging ego-media communication environment,by basing their subjects on sports stars,sports media professionals,sports medium organizations and sports fans,sports micro-blogs form their relatively independent communication spaces,having such characteristics as real time communication mechanism,fragmental communication form,spreading communication mode and following communication trait.The intrinsic values of the emerging and developing of such a new communication mode in the sports area are as follows: it has built a sport medium environment which bases its communication subject on the public;it has expanded the social influence of sports elements in the medium environment,and established a potential development space for a new sports marketing mode which bases its core on micro-blog marketing.

Field of study: Education
Mathematical modeling of Zoogloea sp.batch fermentation for PHAs synthesis

A mathematical model that described the strains growth, product formation and medium consumption was presented to predict the performance of batch fermentation of Zoogloea sp.GY3 which was screened from activated sludge and could synthesize PHAs.A simple model was proposed by using the Logistic equation for growth, the Luedeking-Piret equation for PHAs production and the Luedeking-Piret-like equation for sucrose consumption.The model appeared to provide a reasonable description for each parameter during the growth phase.The production of PHAs was growth-associated.The models were in good agreement with the measured data in experiments.

Field of study: Chemistry, Environmental science
Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to bovine brain calcineurin.

Three monoclonal antibodies (MAb's) against bovine brain calcineurin, a Ca++-calmodulin dependent phosphatase, have been developed and characterized. Among these antibodies, two are alpha-subunit (60,000 Mr) specific and one is beta-subunit (19,000 Mr) specific. These antibodies also cross-react with similar proteins obtained from brains of human, rat and mouse. The methodology for raising these antibodies and their properties are described.

Field of study: Biology
Performance Comparison of Outage-optimal Opportunistic Relaying

Generally,two single relay selection strategies,namely proactive and reactive opportunistic relay strategy,are included. In the system considered a direct transmission path,the performance comparison of these tw o schemes is less studied. In this paper, these tw o schemes are further investigated based on selective decode-and-forw ard( SDF) protocol. Accurate closed-form expressions for the outage probability of the tw o relay selection schemes are derived in detail. In the high signal-to-noise ratio( SNR) regime,approximate results of the tw o strategies' outage probability are also obtained. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results show that the outage probability performance of the reactive opportunistic relaying strategy is better than that of the proactive opportunistic relaying in the case of low SNR or having more the number of the relays in the high SNR regime.

Field of study: Computer science
Elements: in this month's issue.

Historically, the Association has had as one of its key objectives, the fostering and promotion of strong links with clinicians within developing countries. Each year the association provides awards for educational and research projects globally. More recent funding has been awarded for: (a) an education outreach programme in rural Ethiopia; (b) ophthalmology clinical training in rural Africa; (c) clinical trial educational opportunities in Vietnam; and (d) medical student education in Bangladesh.

In the current issue of the Journal, Dr. Howell and colleagues at Imperial College London, describe their substantial clinical and …

Field of study: Medicine
The Impact of Cloud Computing and Its Applications on Libraries and Information Centers

This study aims to know to what extent Iraqi Universities libraries made use of cloud computing services in providing its services on one hand, and what are the challenges that face it on the other hand. Also, the study aims to discover the technological skills of the librarians which enable them to use the cloud computing technique. The study sample consists of all librarians in university libraries, 80 female and male employees. The questionnaire was used for collecting information and analyzing information and SPSS package. The study concluded that librarians are aware of cloud computing technique and own technological skills enable them to use it. However, the decision of this technology application should be made by the higher administration. Thus, flexible plans and strategies must be made to help make changes and modifications to cope up with developments of new technologies in general and cloud computing in particular.

Field of study: Education, Sociology
STUDY ON THE RESTRAIN RATIO OF A FOUR-ANGLE ASSEMBLED STEEL BUCKLING-RESTRAINED BRACE

Compared with traditional bucking-restrained brace(BRB),the assembled buckling-restrained brace(ABRB) possesses a more complicated design theory due to its special composition.Based on the understanding of the interaction between the core and the outer restraining components,this paper presents a design method for the stability verification for a four-angle ABRB.Firstly,by using a continuum method,a simplified method to determine the restrain stiffness of the outer restraining components is given.Then with the assumption that only one-flexural-direction displacement is produced,the limit value of the restrain ratio of a four-angle ABRB is derived based on the understanding to the stress state on the outer restraining angle steels.Based on the above conclusions,a method to determine the restrain ratio is further improved by taking the stresses brought by the flexural displacement in the second direction into account,which can assure both the overall and local stability of the ABRB.

Field of study: Engineering
Impact of ZnO Addition on Er3+ Near-Infrared Emission, the Formation of Ag Nanoparticles, and the Crystallization of Sodium Fluorophosphate Glass

The impact of the progressive addition of ZnO up to 5 mol% on the thermal, structural, and optical properties of Er3+-doped phosphate glasses within the system NaPO3-NaF-ZnO-Ag2O is discussed. The glass network was found to depolymerize upon the addition of ZnO. This promotes a slight increase in the intensity of the emission at 1.5 µm as well as enhances the silver ions clustering ability under the heat treating. The Ag-nanoparticles formed after moderate heat-treatment can further enhance the emission at 1.5 µm, whereas an excessive amount of the clusters leads to the opposite effect. The addition of ZnO helps to slightly increase the glass ability of the system. The crystallization behavior study revealed that surface crystallization is observed for all the glasses. It is found that even a small ZnO addition changes the crystalline phases formed after devitrification. Moreover, the addition of ZnO decreases the crystallization tendency of the glass.

Field of study: Materials science
Correlations of neutral and charged particles in 40Ar- 58Ni reaction at 77 MeV/u

The measurement of the two-particle correlation function for different particle species allows to obtain information about the development of the particle emission process: the space-time properties of emitting sources and the emission time sequence of different particles. The single-particle characteristics and two-particle correlation functions for neutral and charged particles registered in forward direction are used to determine that the heavy fragments (deuterons and tritons) are emitted in the first stage of the reaction (pre-equilibrium source) while the majority of neutrons and protons originates from the long-lived quasi-projectile. The emission time sequence of protons, neutrons and deuterons has been obtained from the analysis of non-identical particle correlation functions.

Field of study: Physics
Determination of Free Fatty Acids from Soil and Bryophyte by HPLC with Fluorescence Detection and Identification with Mass Spectrometry

A simple and sensitive method for the determination of free fatty acids using acridone-9-ethyl- p -toluenesulfonate (AETS) as tagging reagent by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection has been developed. Studies on derivatization conditions indicate that free fatty acids react rapidly and smoothly with AETS in the presence of K 2 CO 3 catalyst in N , N -dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent at 85°C to give the corresponding sensitive fluorescence derivatives. The maximal derivatization yields are close to 100% with a six fold molar reagent excess. Derivatives are stable enough to be efficiently analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Separation of the derivatized fatty acids exhibits a good baseline resolution in combination with a gradient elution on a reversed-phase Eclipse XDB-C 8 column. The identification of 19 fatty acid derivatives was carried out by online post-column mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source in positive-ion mode. The contents of 19 free fatty acids in soil and three kinds of bryophytes ( Tree Moss, Entodon macropodus, Dicranum caesium ) were determined. The results indicate that the bryophyte plants enrich an abundance of free fatty acids from soil. The fluorescence excitation and emission wavelengths of derivatives were 404nm of λ ex and 440 nm of λ em , respectively. Excellent linear responses were observed with the linear correlation coefficients over 0.9996, and detection limits (at signal-to-noise of 3:1) are 12.3–43.7 fmol. The proposed method is sensitive and reproducible for the determination of free fatty acids from real samples with satisfactory results.

Field of study: Chemistry
Repudiable Ring Signature: Stronger Security and Logarithmic-Size

Ring signatures allow a person to generate a signature on behalf of an ad hoc group, and can hide the true identity of the signer among the group. Repudiable ring signatures are the more strongly defined ring signatures, which can allow every non-signer to prove to others that the signature was not generated by himself. This paper has two main areas of focus. First, we propose a new requirement for repudiable ring signatures, which is that no one can forge a valid repudiation for others. Second, we present the first logarithmicsize repudiable ring signatures which do not rely on a trusted setup or the random oracle model. Specifically, our scheme can be instantiated from standard assumptions and the size of signatures and repudiations only grows logarithmically in the number of ring members.

Field of study: Computer science, Mathematics
Radiation-induced brain injury: low-hanging fruit for neuroregeneration.

Brain radiation is a fundamental tool in neurooncology to improve local tumor control, but it leads to profound and progressive impairments in cognitive function. Increased attention to quality of life in neurooncology has accelerated efforts to understand and ameliorate radiation-induced cognitive sequelae. Such progress has coincided with a new understanding of the role of CNS progenitor cell populations in normal cognition and in their potential utility for the treatment of neurological diseases. The irradiated brain exhibits a host of biochemical and cellular derangements, including loss of endogenous neurogenesis, demyelination, and ablation of endogenous oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. These changes, in combination with a state of chronic neuroinflammation, underlie impairments in memory, attention, executive function, and acquisition of motor and language skills. Animal models of radiation-induced brain injury have demonstrated a robust capacity of both neural stem cells and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells to restore cognitive function after brain irradiation, likely through a combination of cell replacement and trophic effects. Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells exhibit a remarkable capacity to migrate, integrate, and functionally remyelinate damaged white matter tracts in a variety of preclinical models. The authors here critically address the opportunities and challenges in translating regenerative cell therapies from rodents to humans. Although valiant attempts to translate neuroprotective therapies in recent decades have almost uniformly failed, the authors make the case that harnessing human radiation-induced brain injury as a scientific tool represents a unique opportunity to both successfully translate a neuroregenerative therapy and to acquire tools to facilitate future restorative therapies for human traumatic and degenerative diseases of the central nervous system.

Field of study: Medicine
On the application of anomalous scattering in oligonucleotide crystallography.

Simulated anomalous-scattering differences, at wavelengths between 1.5 and 5.5 A, were used with MULTAN to locate P atoms in an oligonucleotide hexamer. The success of the method depended heavily on the level of errors in the data. With error-free data most or all P atoms were located at all wavelengths. With noisy data, the best results were obtained by refining the phases associated with the largest values of |DeltaF|/sigma(|DeltaF|) rather than with the largest values of |DeltaF|. In this case a few of the P-atom positions could be located, with the best results occurring at wavelengths between 3.0 and 4.0 A. Further improvements were gained by reducing the values of the thermal parameters of the P atoms. MULTAN figures of merit had limited success in indicating the best phase sets, but a small improvement was gained by modifying the procedure for selecting those reflections used in the calculation of PSIZERO.

Field of study: Chemistry
Das erste Partialspektrum des60Co-β-Zerfalles

ZusammenfassungDas erste Partialspektrum des60Co-β-Zerfalles wurde mit einem Szintillationsspektrometer gemessen. Es ergab sich die Maximalenergie zuEmax=318±7 keV. Der Verlauf des Spektrums stimmt von 10 keV bis Emax mit derβ-Zerfallstheorie gut überein. Das Co-Präparat wurde in einem Anthrazen-Spaltkristall I angebracht, der von einem großen NaJ-Kristall II umgeben ist. Impulse aus I wurden nur dann registriert, wenn gleichzeitig die in Kaskade auf das Elektron folgenden beidenγ-Quanten mit voller Energie in II nachgewiesen wurden, also bei Koinzidenz mit Impulsen der Summenlinie desγ-Spektrums. Die Methode ist geeignet, auch bei schwachen Aktivitäten die ersten Partialspektren komplexerβ-Zerfälle störungsfrei zu messen, wenn dies bei der üblichen Spektroskopie wegen der Elektronen anderer Partialspektren und derγ-Quanten schwierig ist.

Field of study: Physics
An analysis of the current situation of outdoor education major setup in foreign universities

The authors analyzed outdoor education major in universities in the United States, Britain, Australia, Canada and New Zealand, and revealed the following findings: universities in the said countries generally value outdoor education; outdoor education major is mostly opened by a development subordinate to physical education discipline; curriculum setup involves with multidisciplinary knowledge such as physical education, biology, environment ecology, geography and geology etc, having rich contents and diversified forms; these universities focus on the cultivation of students' outdoor sports skills and outdoor practice ability, having a high caliber teacher team: most of the teachers have an experience in working for an outdoor sports association or outdoor professional group; graduates of this major have extensive employment opportunities, can adapt to society well. Learning from the said countries' experience in outdoor education major setup has positive guidance significance to the development of outdoor sports and the opening of physical education, environment and tourism related majors in universities in China.

Field of study: Education
The roots of a plant that today is Brazil': Indians and the Nation-State under the Brazilian Estado Novo

This article looks at the construction of the Indian by government officials and intellectuals during the Estado Novo (I937-45), and the efforts of indigenous peoples to engage these images. State officials-concerned with national consolidation, territorial defense, and racial pedigree upheld the Indian as an icon who had made invaluable contributions to Brazilian historical and cultural formation. The proto-patriot, however, could only be fully redeemed through government tutelage. Confronted by an ambiguous state project, indigenous groups demonstrated varied responses. This article analyses the cultural building blocks through which the Estado Novo regime (I 93 7-45) sought dominion over indigenous people. A dynamo in the process of Brazilian national integration, the Estado Novo was marked by the centralisation of federal power, broad state intervention in the economy and society, and a nationalist  In examining how state officials and intellectuals during the Estado Novo fashioned and disseminated notions of Indianness, and how Indians engaged them, we can shed light on the process of state formation at this important juncture in Brazilian history. Drawing inspiration from Philip Corrigan and Derek Sayer's The Great Arch, this article rethinks approaches to the relationship between indigenous people and the Brazilian state.2 In their study of English state Seth Garfield is a Visiting Assistant Professor, Bowdoin College.  The author wishes to thank Emilia Viotti da Costa, Gil Joseph, Jeff Lesser, and the JLAS readers for their helpful comments and suggestions. On the Estado Novo, see E. Carone, O Estado Novo (1937-194) (Rio de Janeiro, 1977); and T. Skidmore, Politics in Brazil, I930-I964 (New York, I986), pp. 30-47. 2 P. Corrigan and D. Sayer, The Great Arch: English State Formation as Cultural Revolution (Oxford, I985). This content downloaded from 207.46.13.193 on Thu, 08 Sep 2016 04:35:29 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms

Field of study: Political science
Determination of etoxazole residues in fruits and vegetables by SPE clean-up and HPLC-DAD

A method for determination of etoxazole residues in apples, strawberries and green beans was developed and validated. The analyte was extracted with acetonitrile from foodstuff and a charcoal-celite cartridge was used for clean-up of raw extracts. Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector (HPLC-DAD) was used for the determination and quantification of etoxazole residues in the studied samples. The calibration graphs of etoxazole in a solvent or three blank matrixes were linear within the tested intervals 0.01–2 mg L−1, with correlation coefficient of determination >0.999. The combined solid phase extraction (SPE) clean-up and the chromatographic method steps were sensitive and reliable for simultaneous determination of etoxazole residues in the studied samples. The average recoveries of etoxazole in the tested foodstuffs were between 93.4 to 102% at spiking levels of 0.01, 0.10, and 0.50 mg kg−1, with relative standard deviations ranging from 2.8 to 4.7%, in agreement with directives for method validation in residue analyses. The limit of detection (LOD) of the HPLC-DAD system was 100 pg. The limit of quantification of the entire method was 0.01 mg kg−1.

Field of study: Agricultural and Food sciences