nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
On non-selective harvesting of a multispecies fishery incorporating partial closure for the populations

HighlightsWe describe a prey-predator fishery model incorporating partial closure for the populations.The criterion for the existence of interior equilibrium point, local and global stability of the system are derived.The existence of bionomic equilibrium is discussed.The optimal system is derived and solved numerically using an iterative method with Runge-Kutta fourth-order scheme.Numerical simulations are carried out to verify the analytically proved results. A prey-predator type fishery model incorporating partial closure for the populations is described in this paper. The proposed model deals with a problem of non-selective harvesting of a prey-predator system in which both the prey and the predator species obey logistic law of growth. The predator dependent Beddington DeAngelis type functional response is taken into consideration. Dynamic behavior of the system is analyzed. Partial closure for the populations is considered as a controlling instrument to regulate the harvesting of the populations. A dynamic framework towards the optimal utilization of the resource is developed using Pontryagin's maximum principle. The optimal system is numerically solved using an iterative method with Runge-Kutta fourth order scheme. Simulation results show that the optimal control scheme can achieve sustainable ecosystem. Results are analyzed with the help of graphical illustrations.

Field of study: Mathematics
NONLINEAR OPTICS: Highly efficient parametric amplification of optical beams. I. Optimization of the profiles of interacting waves in parametric amplification

It is shown that complete conversion of the pump wave energy into amplified waves may be achieved for a specific relationship between the profile of the spatial–temporal modulation of a seed signal and the pump. Numerical calculations are used to find the maximum conversion efficiencies for waves with different spatial–temporal modulations.

Field of study: Engineering, Physics
Tight Reductions for Diffie-Hellman Variants in the Algebraic Group Model

Fuchsbauer, Kiltz, and Loss (Crypto’18) gave a simple and clean definition of an algebraic group model (AGM) that lies in between the standard model and the generic group model (GGM). Specifically, an algebraic adversary is able to exploit group-specific structures as the standard model while the AGM successfully provides meaningful hardness results as the GGM. As an application of the AGM, they show a tight computational equivalence between the computing Diffie-Hellman (CDH) assumption and the discrete logarithm (DL) assumption. For the purpose, they used the square Diffie-Hellman assumption as a bridge, i.e., they first proved the equivalence between the DL assumption and the square Diffie-Hellman assumption, then used the known equivalence between the square Diffie-Hellman assumption and the CDH assumption. In this paper, we provide an alternative proof that directly shows the tight equivalence between the DL assumption and the CDH assumption. The crucial benefit of the direct reduction is that we can easily extend the approach to variants of the CDH assumption, e.g., the bilinear Diffie-Hellman assumption. Indeed, we show several tight computational equivalences and discuss applicabilities of our techniques.

Field of study: Computer science, Mathematics
A delayed stage-structured predator-prey model with impulsive stocking on prey and continuous harvesting on predator

In this work, we investigate a delayed stage-structured Holling II predator–prey model with impulsive stocking on prey and continuous harvesting on predator. Sufficient conditions of the global attractivity of predator-extinction periodic solution and the permanence of the system are obtained. These results show that the behavior of impulsive stocking on prey plays an important role for the permanence of the system. We also prove that all solutions of the system are uniformly ultimately bounded. Our results provide reliable tactical basis for the biological resource management.

Field of study: Mathematics
Hyperhyaluronanemia in alcoholic hepatitis is associated with increased levels of circulating soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of the sinusoidal endothelial cell (SEC) during the clinical course of alcoholic hepatitis. Twenty consenting patients (mean age: 49.4 +/- 11.0 years) with moderate or severe hepatitis were studied. The patients were selected and characterized according to their history of drinking and laboratory profile, including serum aminotransferases, bilirubin, total white blood cell and neutrophil count, and prothrombin times. C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 were also measured as markers of the hepatic acute phase response. A marker of the SEC functional state, the circulating level of hyaluronan, was measured in parallel with the circulating levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1 over a 6-month observation period. All patients were hospitalized for the first month and encouraged to abstain from drinking for the duration of the study. The initial increased levels of both hyaluronan (542 +/- 32 ng x ml(-1) serum) and sICAM-1 (488 +/- 70 ng x ml(-1) serum), gradually fell during the 6-month observation period, eventually reaching values close to those seen in healthy subjects. A positive correlation was obtained between changes in these two markers of SEC function/activation on the one hand, and between these two tests and bilirubin, on the other hand. These data indicate that abnormalities of SEC function/activation, as reflected by serum hyaluronan and siCAM-1, are prominent in alcoholic hepatitis, and these alterations improve within relatively short periods of time after cessation of alcohol consumption.

Field of study: Medicine
Interaction of chlorpromazine with hemoglobin.

Binding of chlorpromazine (CPZ), a widely used antidepressant tranquilizer, with hemoglobin has been studied by equilibrium dialysis method. r/Cf versus r plot was typically concave downwards revealing the positive cooperative nature of binding. Binding parameters, namely the affinity constant (K) and the degree of cooperativity (nH) were determined from the Hill plot. Oxygen was found to be released gradually from hemoglobin with gradual addition of CPZ, the extent of oxygen release depending on the stoichiometric ratio of CPZ: hemoglobin (D/P).

Field of study: Biology, Chemistry, Physics
Measurement Bounds for Compressed Sensing in Sensor Networks With Missing Data

In this paper, we study the problem of sparse vector recovery at the fusion center of a sensor network from linear sensor measurements when there is missing data. In the presence of missing data, the random sampling approach employed in compressed sensing provides excellent reconstruction accuracy. However, the theoretical guarantees associated with this sparse recovery problem have not been well studied. Therefore, in this paper, we derive a sufficient condition on the number of measurements required to ensure faithful recovery of a sparse signal using random (subGaussian) projections when the generation of missing data is modeled using a Bernoulli erasure channel. We analyze three different network topologies, namely, star, (relay aided-)tree, and serial-star topologies. Our analysis establishes how the minimum required number of measurements for recovery scales with the network parameters, the properties of the random measurement matrix, and the recovery algorithm. Finally, through numerical simulations, we study the minimum required number of measurements as a function of different system parameters and validate our theoretical results.

Field of study: Engineering
Conductivity of a superlattice with parabolic miniband

The static and high-frequency differential conductivity of a one-dimensional superlattice with parabolic miniband, in which the dispersion law is assumed to be parabolic up to the Brillouin zone edge, are investigated theoretically. Unlike the earlier published works, devoted to this problem, the novel formula for the static current density contains temperature dependence, which leads to the current maximum shift to the low field side with increasing temperature. The high-frequency differential conductivity response properties including the temperature dependence is examined and opportunities of creating a terahertz oscillator on Bloch electron oscillations in such superlattices are discussed. Analysis shows that superlattices with parabolic miniband dispersion law may be used for generation and amplification of terahertz fields only at very low temperatures.

Field of study: Physics
Incidence of obliquity and precession-forced Milankovitch cycles in the western Mediterranean: early Messinian sedimentation in the Sorbas Basin (Almería, southern Spain)

Spectral analysis of the Messinian Abad marls in the Cariatiz section (Sorbas Basin, south-eastern Spain) reveals three relevant orders of cyclicity. The most significant cycle is in the lowest frequency (average thickness of 365 cm, 4–5 cycles in the section). It is recorded in the composition of planktic foraminiferal assemblages indicative of surface-water temperature, planktic and benthic stable isotope signals, and carbonate proportions. The planktic assemblages, isotope values and carbonate proportions also record a middle-frequency cycle with an average of 177 cm (9–10 cycles in the section). The highest frequency cycle (average of 132 cm, 12–13 cycles in the section) is mainly reflected in siliciclastic and calcite proportions. Age constraints and cycle patterns suggest that the lowest frequency cycle was forced by orbital obliquity, whereas the two higher-frequency ones are related to precession. Obliquity seems to have controlled major changes in surface-water temperature in the Sorbas Basin during the early Messinian. Surface-water temperature was also affected by precession, with changes in weathering and run-off. Spectral analysis has also been applied to vertical shifts of reef facies throughout the progradation of the Cariatiz reef. This reef is coeval with the Cariatiz section. Vertical shifts of reef talus breccias point to the existence of 4–5 major cycles of sea-level change, whereas 7–9 higher-frequency cycles are reflected in the repeated occurrence of lowstand, non-reefal deposits. Correlation with the cycles observed at the Cariatiz section suggests that obliquity forced glacio-eustatic sea-level oscillations in the western Mediterranean during the Late Miocene.

Field of study: Environmental science
Electrochemiluminescence of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Ru(bpy)32+-Verapamil Hydrochloride System and Its Application

In this experiment, the electrochemical and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) intensities of a Ru(bpy) 3 2+ -yswlpm system at an Au electrode were studied at a sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) concentration of 0.3125 mM. The results showed that compared with the absence of SDS, the ECL intensity was 3-fold higher at the Au electrode. On this basis, an ECL method was established for efficient and simple determination of the concentration of Verapamil hydrochloride. Under optimum experimental conditions, the enhanced ECL intensities had a good linear relationship to the concentration of Verapamil hydrochloride in the range 1.0 × 10 −4 -1.0 × 10 −7 M, and a linear regression equation was obtained as folows: I = 40.389 × 10 6 C + 232.64 ( r = 0.9958), and the detection limit for yswlpm was 5.20 × 10 −10 M. The RSD obtained from five repeated experiments at a concentration of 1.0 × 10 −5 M was 3.1%. The results of the recovery test were in the range 98.7%-106.5%, and the RSD ( n = 5) was 3.0%.

Field of study: Chemistry
Weighted extensions of generalized cumulative residual entropy and their applications

In this paper, we consider weighted extensions of generalized cumulative residual entropy and its dynamic(residual) version. Our results include linear transformations, stochastic ordering, bounds, aging class properties and some relationships with other reliability concepts. We also define the conditional weighted generalized cumulative residual entropy and discuss some properties of its. For these concepts, we obtain some characterization results under some assumptions. Finally, we provide an estimator of the new information measure using empirical approach. In addition, we study large sample properties of this estimator.

Field of study: Mathematics
Periodicals for Women in Mexico During the Nineteenth Century

Colonial Spanish America would have found the idea of publishing a periodical directed toward a feminine audience alien. Yet the colonial period was not long over when such periodicals began to appear in Mexico. Typical of those published in the period 1841–1855 were El Semanario de las senoritas mejicanas (3 vols.; Mexico, 1841–1842) and La Semana de las senoritas mejicanas (5 vols.; Mexico, 1851–1852). They have been examined in detail to determine what appeal the fledglings tried to make to Mexican society. El Album mexicano (2 vols.

Field of study: History
Publicly evaluable pseudorandom functions and their applications

We put forth the notion of publicly evaluable pseudorandom functions (PEPRFs), which can be viewed as a counterpart of standard pseudorandom functions (PRFs) in the publickey setting. Briefly, PEPRFs are defined over domain X containing a language L associated with a hard relation RL, and each secret key sk is associated with a public key pk. For any x ∈ L, in addition to evaluate Fsk(x) using sk as standard PRFs, one is also able to evaluate Fsk(x) with pk, x and a witness w for x ∈ L. We consider two security notions for PEPRFs. The basic one is weak pseudorandomness which stipulates a PEPRF cannot be distinguished from a real random function on uniformly random chosen inputs. The strengthened one is adaptive weak pseudorandomness which requires a PEPRF remains weak pseudorandom even when an adversary is given adaptive access to an evaluation oracle. We conduct a formal study of PEPRFs, focusing on applications, constructions, and extensions. • We show how to construct chosen-plaintext secure (CPA) and chosen-ciphertext secure (CCA) public-key encryption (PKE) schemes from (adaptive) PEPRFs. The construction is simple, black-box, and admits a direct proof of security. We provide evidence that (adaptive) PEPRFs exist by showing constructions from injective trapdoor functions, hash proof systems, extractable hash proof systems, as well as a construction from puncturable PRFs with program obfuscation. • We introduce the notion of publicly sampleable PRFs (PSPRFs), which is a relaxation of PEPRFs, but nonetheless imply PKE. We show (adaptive) PSPRFs are implied by (adaptive) trapdoor relations. This helps us to unify and clarify many PKE schemes from seemingly unrelated general assumptions and paradigms under the notion of PSPRFs. • We explore similar extension on recently emerging constrained PRFs, and introduce the notion of publicly evaluable constrained PRFs, which, as an immediate application, implies attribute-based encryption. • We propose a twist on PEPRFs, which we call publicly evaluable and verifiable functions (PEVFs). Compared to PEPRFs, PEVFs have an additional promising property named public verifiability while the best possible security degrades to unpredictability. We justify the applicability of PEVFs by presenting a simple construction of “hashand-sign” signatures, both in the random oracle model and the standard model. ∗State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. & State Key Laboratory of Cryptology, Beijing, China. †Corresponding Author. Advanced Cryptosystems Research Group, Information Technology Research Institute (ITRI), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.

Field of study: Computer science, Mathematics
Magnetic Field Structure near the Galactic Plane

We bring the two color maps for the plane component magnetic field of our Galaxy in coordinates of (R;l) and (DM;l). It was shown that magnetic field has reversals of the direction in neighbor spiral arms, in agreement with known models for the Galactic magnetic field. For the Sagittarius spiral arm region there is, however, some disagreement with standard magnetic field models. The major discrepancy is the fact that in the Sagittarius arm region the magnetic field in Southern hemisphere of the Galaxy, have opposite direction to the field of the Northern hemisphere. We think that the Sagittarius spiral arm, at last the magnetic spiral arm in this region is not symmetric to the Galactic plane, and is located mainly in Northern hemisphere.

Field of study: Physics
Integration of Lesson Study in Teaching Practice of Social Study Student Teachers to Improve the Quality of Learning and Promote a Sustainable Lesson Study.

Teaching Practice is a required course for all students in education programs, divided into two sections. The first, is intended as the process of creating Sylabus, teaching plans, instructional medias and supporting material for peer teaching practice. The second, is intended to assign students to do classroom teaching. Lesson Study (LS) has been integrated in the State University Of Malang for a while. It was decided to integrate it in teching practice of all studentsafter the benefit of Lesson Study was recognized. This study tries to describethe integration of LS in teaching practice for students teachers; the implementation of Lesson Study in the teaching practice of the Social Studies student teachers; the benefits of the implementation of LS in the teaching practice; and the contstrains and the supporting factors in integrating teaching practice for Social Studies students teachers. In this qualitative study, the researcher analyzes documents, conducts observations,  gives open ended questions interviews and leads focus group discussions. Lesson Study has strengthened the process of teaching practice and promoted the competency of Social Studies student teachers. Classroom teachers and Social studies student teachers recognize the importance of continuing teaching-learning improvement that can be done by applying Lesson Study.  Integration, Lesson Study, Social Studies, Learning, Sustainable.

Field of study: Education
The Holocene onset in the southwestern South Atlantic

In this paper we present a paleoceanographic reconstruction of the southwestern South Atlantic for the past 13 kyr based on faunal and isotopic analysis of planktonic foraminifera from a high-resolution core retrieved at the South Brazil Bight continental slope. Our record indicates that oceanographic changes in the southwestern South Atlantic during the onset of the Holocene were comparable in strength to those that occurred during the Younger Dryas. Full interglacial conditions started abruptly after 8.2 kyr BP with a sharp change in faunal composition and surface hydrography (SST and SSS). Part of the observed events may be explained in terms of changes in thermohaline circulation while the other part suggests a dominant role of winds. Our data indicate that during the Early Holocene upwelling was significantly strengthened in the South Brazil Bight promoting high productivity and preventing the establishment of the typically interglacial menardiiform species. In general terms, oceanographic changes recorded by core KF02 occurred in synchrony with Antarctica's climate.

Field of study: Environmental science, Geography
Numerical Simulation of Guide Plate Influence on Flow Field in the Oxidation Ditch

Fluent software was used to simulate the flow field in the oxidation ditch. The moving wall model was used to simulate the power sources of running plate in the ditch and realizable k-e model was used to simulate the variation of water. After comparing data with experiment,using the model simulating the flow in the deeper oxidation ditch with installing and uninstalling guide plate,the influence by different installing parameters of guide plate was concluded. Results indicted that the flow in the oxidation ditch can be improved efficiently,velocity of middle pat and underpart increased obviously. It reduced the possibility of sludge sedimentation. The reasonable installing parameters of guide plate were obtained as the length of guide plate 1/5 of the depth of water,2 times distance to the diameter of turnplate,and immersion depth 1/6 of the turnplate.

Field of study: Environmental science
Mass, action, and entropy of Taub-Bolt-de Sitter spacetimes.

We apply a recent proposal for defining conserved mass in asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes to the class of Taub-Bolt-de Sitter spacetimes. We compute the action, entropy, and conserved mass of these spacetimes, and find that in certain instances the mass and entropy can exceed that of pure de Sitter spacetime, in violation of recent suggestive conjectures to the contrary.

Field of study: Physics
Therapeutic effects of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases inhibitor SB203580 on airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma

To investigate the effects of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) inhibitor (SB203580) on airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma. 
 
 
 
Forty-eight female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups (n=12): control group, asthma group, dexamethasone group (2 mg/kg) and SB203580 group (5 mg/kg). Within 24 hours after the last ovalbumin (OVA) challenge, airway responsiveness was measured by lung resistance (RL) and dynamic compliance (Cdyn). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for counting total cells, eosinophils, lymphocytes, neutrophils and macrophages. IgE and OVA-specific IgE in serum and IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IFN-γ in BALF were detected by ELISA. Lung tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) to observe histopathological changes. Expression of p38 MAPK and phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) MAPK was detected by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot, respectively. 
 
 
 
(1) The mice in the asthma group showed typical symptoms of acute asthma after inhaling aerosolized OVA, while the symptoms were alleviated in those treated with dexamethasone or SB203580. (2) When challenged with the methacholine at the doses of 0.050 mg/kg, 0.100 mg/kg and 0.200 mg/kg, asthmatic mice treated with dexamethasone or SB203580 showed significantly decreased RL and increased Cdyn as compared with those in the asthma group (all P 0.05). (8) Expression of p-p38 MAPK at protein level in both dexamethasone and SB203580 groups was lower than that in asthma group (both P<0.05). 
 
 
 
SB203580 regulated the Th1/Th2 balance through inhibiting the activation of p38 MAPK signaling pathway to alleviate OVA-induced airway inflammation. 
 
 
 
Bronchial asthma; p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases; Cytokine; Airway inflammation; Mice

Field of study: Biology