nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Research on the Radical Innovation of C2M Business Model—A Case Study on Redcollar MTM Men’s Suits in China

For recently years, with the deep integration of informatization and industrialization, traditional manufacturing industries in China have been investigating for the road of transformation and upgrading. A Chinese garment enterprise, named Redcollar Group of China, has successfully transformed and upgraded to high-tech industry with high value added from labor-intensive industry. It is very important to explore the reason, method and business model it has created so as to provide some beneficial advice to China’s traditional manufactures. In this case study, indirect research, field research, comparison research and customers’ experience methods have been used. As a result, it is found that the enterprise has successfully created a C2M business mode of men's custom suits and has succeeded in producing customization suits with large-scale production efficiency. Being the first factory in the world by using industrialization measures to produce thoroughly customized men’s suits, the Redcollar’s C2M model is the revolutionary and disruptive radical innovation which breaks through the traditional suits making, the traditional clothing manufacturing model, the value perception of traditional manufacturing industry and the existing business regulations.

Field of study: Business
Application of flow cytometry analysis for auxiliary diagnosis of non-hodgkin's lymphoma among Children with serous effusion and the clinical characteristics during non-hodgkin's lymphoma

To evaluate the practicability of using flow cytometry analysis for diagnosis of non-hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) among children with serous effusion. 
 
 
 
Twelve children who were diagnosed with malignant lymphoma from February 2011 to November 2013 at Shanghai Children's hospital were recruited in this study. Pleural effusion and ascites samples were collected from those children who showed serous effusion as initial symptoms and analyzed by using flow cytometry based immunophenotyping. The antibodies used for immunophenotyping included CD45, CD10, CD33, CD7, CD1a, MPO, cCD3, CD79a, CD22, CD19, CD20, CD5, CD3, κ, λ, αβ, γδ, CD56 and other common markers for T, B and NK cells. Anti-CD30 antibody was used when necessary. 
 
 
 
All of the twelve cases with serous effusion were diagnosed with aggressive NHL. Six out of the twelve children including five cases with ascites and one case with pleural effusion showed high expression of CD20 and were classified as NHL-B type by flow cytometry. Three children with pleural effusion and one child with both pleural effusion and ascites were typed as NHL-T as characterized by monoclonal expression of αβ or γδ. The other two children with pleural effusion were diagnosed with anaplastic large cell lymphoma with positive expression of CD30 and morphological heterogeneity. 
 
 
 
Flow cytometry analysis based immunophenotyping could be used as an auxiliary method for rapid and accurate diagnosis of lymphoma in children with serous effusions. 
 
 
 
Effusion; Children; Non-hodgkin's lymphoma; Flow cytometry; Immunophenotyping

Field of study: Biology
An unusual case of multiple papillary fibroelastoma, review of literature.

Primary neoplasms of the cardiac valves are extremely rare. However, papillary fibroelastoma is the third most common primary tumor of the heart . These tumors can be found anywhere in the heart, but most commonly involve the cardiac valves  McAllister HA, Fenoglio JJ. Tumors of the cardiovascular system.  Atlas of tumor pathology, 2nd series, vols. 1-3. Washington (DC): Armed Forces Institute of Pathology; 1978. p. 20-5]. Most papillary fibroelastomas do not cause symptoms and are usually incidental findings by routine echocardiography or at autopsy. However, early diagnosis of this condition is important, since it represents a surgically correctable cause of systemic emboli, stroke, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death [ (1991) 1127;  (1999) 1881;  (1996) 353; Tex Heart Inst J 22 (1995) 327; Tex Heart Inst J 26 (1999) 298]. The echocardiographic findings should be confirmed by histology, since the clinical differential diagnosis includes myxoma, vegetation, thrombi, lipoma, and pseudopapillary fibroelastoma [Tex Heart Inst J 26 (1999) 298;  (1998) 92;  (1995) 68]. Review of the literature reveals that multiple papillary fibroelastomas are extremely rare [Am Heart J 125 (1993) 1443;  (1994) 315;  (1989) 119]. Li Manduri et al. [ (1994) 315] reported multiple masses on the tricuspid valve, the larger of which was 1 cm in diameter. De Virgilio et al.  reported a case of multiple 1-cm papillary fibroelastomas located on mitral valve, left ventricular outflow tract, and along septum. We report an unusual case of multiple papillary fibroelastomas in a woman, who initially was admitted because of a shortness of breath and recent cerebrovascular accident.

Field of study: Biology, Medicine
The enigma of the Amazonian carbon balance

The carbon balance of the Amazon depends on a complex interplay between climate, soil and tree behaviour. Land surface models have difficulty in reproducing the observed biomass distribution and relationships between net productivity and biomass. A new model representing in more detail the effect of different succession stages is capable of observing this relationship (Rodig et al 2018 ). The key question for future models is how to incorporate more realistically the nutrient influences on growth and that of a future climate enriched with carbon dioxide.

Field of study: Environmental science
Nichtsenkrechte Interbandübergänge in Graphit durch unelastische Elektronenstreuung

Characteristic energy loss measurements are carried out on natural graphite single crystals. The frequency and wave vector dependent dielectric constant ɛ(ω,q) forq⊥c-axis is determined by Kramers Kronig Analysis. The results are interpreted in terms of non vertical interband transitionsE(k)→E(k+q) between the π-bands within the two dimensional approximation.

Field of study: Physics
Fabrication of Hydrogen Peroxide Biosensors Based on Microelectrode Array of Silicon Dioxide Cavities

A silicon dioxide(SiO2) cavities array was fabricated on indium-tin oxide(ITO) electrode surface with the template of the polystyrene(PS) particles array by using sol-gel technique.The morphology of SiO2 cavities array was highly ordered which was obtained by scanning electrode microscope.The results of electrochemistrical study showed that the cyclic voltammetric(CV) curve of SiO2 cavities array was in accordance with that of microelectrodes array.Using hemoglobin(Hb) as model protein,an amperometric biosensor for detection of H2O2 was prepared by adsorbing Hb in SiO2 cavities directly.The properties of direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of Hb were studied by CV method.The response of the biosensor for H2O2 was fast.A linear relationship between current response and the concentration of H2O2 ranging from 2.03×10-6 to 1.21×10-2 mol/L was obtained with a detection limit of 5.73×10-7 mol/L.And the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant was 0.266 mmol/L.

Field of study: Chemistry
Preparation of Dehydrochlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (Dhpvc) and Dhpvc Nanofibres: Effects of Reaction Time on Conductivity, Electrospinability, and Fibre Morphology

This research work concerns the development of dehydrochlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (DHPVC) and DHPVC nanofibres for use as components in new generation solar cells. Firstly, DHPVC with a variety of degrees of dehydrochlorination was prepared at 70 °C. The primary aim of this work was to investigate the effects of reaction time (15–105 h) on the molecular structure and conductivity of the modified PVC. In addition, the feasibility of preparing DHPVC nanofibre web via an electrospinning process was also explored. The effects of electrospinning on the morphology and conductivity of the materials were also of interest. From the results, it was found that the degree of dehydrochlorination and electrical conductivity of DHPVC are interrelated and both increased linearly with the reaction time. After carrying out electrospinning using a DHPVC sample which had been subjected to 30 h reaction time (DHPVC-30h), a randomly oriented fibre web with a smoother fibre surface and free from beads was obtained. This was not the case for the electrospun PVC and DHPVC-15h fibres. The electrical conductivity values of the electrospun DHPVC were also higher than those of the dense DHPVC film analogues. This is ascribed to an enhanced molecular alignment and a greater conjugation length of the polymer induced by the electrospinning.

Field of study: Materials science
No new argument against the existence requirement

Yagisawa comments that ‘Despite their considerable appeal, these arguments are not unassailable’ (2005: 39). This is a serious understatement. Both arguments are significantly less appealing than Yagisawa suggests. In particular, the second argument, first given by Kaplan (1989: 498), simply assumes that existence is contingent (§1). Yagisawa’s ‘new’ argument shares this weakness. It also faces a dilemma. Yagisawa must either treat ‘at @’ as a sentential operator occupying the same grammatical position as ‘∼’ or as supplying an extra argument place. In the former case, Yagisawa’s argument faces precisely the problems he concedes that Kaplan’s argument does (§2). In the latter case, though the argument does not face these problems, it renders the sense in which things exist contingently no threat to (E) properly understood (§3).

Field of study: Philosophy
Gliadin, endomysial and thyroid antibodies in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA)

Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) manifested after the age of 35 is characterized by the presence of disease‐specific autoantibodies (anti‐glutamate decarboxylase GADAb, anti‐IA2Ab). However, autoimmunity in Type 1 diabetes mellitus is not targeted only to pancreatic beta‐cells. No data have so far been published concerning the antibodies associated with other autoimmune disease in LADA patients. The presence of anti‐thyroglobulin (TGAb), anti‐thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb), anti‐gliadin IgA (AGAAb) and IgG (AGGAb) and endomysial antibodies (EMAb) in sera of 68 diabetics typed as LADA was compared with the antibody presence in sera of 85 patients with Type 2 diabetes. We found a significantly higher occurrence of gliadin antibodies in LADA patients: the rate of AGGAb was 19·1% in comparison with 3·5% in the T2DM group (P = 0·0026), the rate of AGAAb was 13·2% in comparison with 3·5% (P = 0·035). The prevalence of EMAb was very low in both groups (1·5% and 0). The two groups differed significantly in the TPOAb rate: 22·1% in LADA compared to 9·4% in T2DM (P = 0·04), whereas no significant difference was found in the presence of TGAb (8·8% and 3·5%, P = 0·187). In comparison with T2DM patients, LADA patients were found to express higher antibody activity against gluten‐related antigens and against TPO.

Field of study: Biology, Medicine
Making a locality: the politics of land and football in North Kerala

This paper explores how a marginalized community in North Kerala uses football and football fandom in order to create a vibrant space for active citizenry. We examine how the categories of football fan and citizen foster each other and provide alternatives to the imagination of a nation that in its discursive homogeneity fosters divisiveness. At the same time, this paper is also interested in the constitution of the football fan community as resolutely local and in dynamic, and negotiated relationship with state machinery. While literature on sports in India has been overwhelmingly centered on the themes of nation and nationalism, this ethnographic study attempts to critically look at the making of a regional identity, from the margins of a nation, through the region’s popular sport, football. In this paper, we explore the ways in which Nainamvalappu football fans Association, an organization based in the coastal region of Nainamvalappu in Kozhikode, converted an open place into a football ground overnight to resist the setting up of a slaughterhouse in the same place by the city corporation, as a form of active resistance but also place making. We argue that this football fans’ association allows for new understandings of popular sovereignty and democracy through a revitalization of sporting spaces.

Field of study: Sociology
The pathogenesis of Randall's plaque: a papilla cartography of Ca compounds through an ex vivo investigation based on XANES spectroscopy.

At the surface of attached kidney stones, a particular deposit termed Randall's plaque (RP) serves as a nucleus. This structural particularity as well as other major public health problems such as diabetes type-2 may explain the dramatic increase in urolithiasis now affecting up to 20% of the population in the industrialized countries. Regarding the chemical composition, even if other phosphate phases such as whitlockite or brushite can be found as minor components (less than 5%), calcium phosphate apatite as well as amorphous carbonated calcium phosphate (ACCP) are the major components of most RPs. Through X-ray absorption spectroscopy performed at the Ca K-absorption edge, a technique specific to synchrotron radiation, the presence and crystallinity of the Ca phosphate phases present in RP were determined ex vivo. The sensitivity of the technique was used as well as the fact that the measurements can be performed directly on the papilla. The sample was stored in formol. Moreover, a first mapping of the chemical phase from the top of the papilla to the deep medulla is obtained. Direct structural evidence of the presence of ACCP as a major constituent is given for the first time. This set of data, coherent with previous studies, shows that this chemical phase can be considered as one precursor in the genesis of RP.

Field of study: Physics
Effect of Processing Parameters on Microstructure and Performance of Fe-based Coating Formed by Plasma Jet Surface Metallurgy

The Fe-based composite coatings on Q235 steel substrate were formed by plasma jet surface metallurgy.The effect of processing parameters(such as working current and scanning speed etc) on coating properties was researched.The results show that the parameters have great effect on microstructure and microhardness of the coatings.In the guarantee of the forming good metallurgical combination between coating and substrate,increasing scanning speed or decreasing working current will profit the refinement of the coating structure.

Field of study: Materials science
Parental Illness Encouragement Behavior Among Children with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Factor Analysis with Implications for Research and Clinical Practice

The objective of the current study was to assess the factor structure of the Illness Behavior Encouragement Scale (IBES) by Walker and Zeman (1992) among children with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). Two hundred seventy nine children (63 % female), and 135 primary caregivers (90.8 % mothers), recruited from a large Midwestern children’s hospital completed the IBES, a 12-item measure of parental behavior in response to abdominal pain episodes. Findings suggested the IBES possesses two conceptually distinct scales that are invariant across parent self- and child-report, and are consistent with previous factor analysis in a Dutch sample of children with headaches. Different types of parental behaviors exist that naturally cluster and diverge in reliable ways. Future research is warranted to determine if these different types of parental behavior may differentially influence illness outcomes among children with FGIDs.

Field of study: Psychology
Drought can be more critical in the shade than in the sun: a field study of carbon gain and photo‐inhibition in a Californian shrub during a dry El Niño year

Diurnal courses of leaf water potential, gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence were measured in natural sun and shade populations of Heteromeles arbutifolia throughout the seasons of an unusually dry El Nino year in Central California. The onset of drought resulted in decreased stomatal conductance and net photosynthesis in both sun and shade plants. However, the decline in leaf water potential was much greater and carbon gain was much more strongly limited by the development of drought stress in the shade than in the sun. Photorespiratory energy dissipation was significantly higher in the sun than in the shade in spring and autumn, but not during the summer. Pre-dawn photochemical efficiency (F(v)/F(m)) was significantly higher in the shade than in the sun during the spring but the differences disappeared during the summer and autumn. The strong irradiance in the open field site studied led to a chronic but only mild reduction in F(v)/F(m), with values around 0.79. Summer sunflecks led to a sustained photo-inhibition in shade plants, which exhibited a significant reduction in pre-dawn F(v)/F(m) of 10% with the onset of drought. Photo-inhibition became relatively more important for carbon gain in the shade than in the sun due to the low photochemical efficiency under the low light that follows sunflecks. Sun plants of H. arbutifolia exhibited a rather efficient photoprotection against strong irradiance conferred by both the architecture of the crown and the physiology of the leaves. There is evidence that El Nino events and the associated droughts have become more frequent and severe. Counter-intuitively, the effects on plant performance of such extreme droughts could be more critical in the shade than in the sun.

Field of study: Environmental science
Componentry of reflection optics for application in the tesis X-ray astrophysics experiment

Reflection characteristics of multilayer structures for the CORONAS-FOTON optical schemes are described. Mo/Si, Al/Zr, Cr/Mg, Si/Mg, and Mg/B4C material combinations were studied. Multilayer X-ray mirrors based on these combinations and used at wavelengths 13.2, 17.1, and 30.4 nm were designed.

Field of study: Physics
Ordovician stable carbon isotope stratigraphy in the Tarim Basin, NW China

The Tarim Basin, located in NW-China, represents one of China's major palaeoplates. Its palaeogeographic position in the Ordovician, however, is debated. In this study we present biostratigraphically controlled stable carbon isotope data from some 600 samples spanning almost the entire Ordovician in order to provide a tool that can be used for future chemostratigraphic correlations. The data correlate well with results from South China, and several major global δ13C excursions such as the MDICE (Dw2/3), SAICE (Sa2), GICE (Ka1), and Whitewater excursion (Ka4) are documented for the first time from the Tarim Basin. Major sedimentary gaps are detected in the lower Floian between the Penglaiba and Yinshan formations, in the upper Darriwilian to lower Sandbian between the Dawangou and Saergan (or Kanling) formations, and in the latest Sandbian between the Kanling and Qilang formations as well as between the Tumuxiuke and Lianglitag formations. Three scenarios for the depositional history of the late Darriwilian to early Sandbian Saergan Formation, which represents an important hydrocarbon source rock in the Tarim Basin, are discussed with respect to their bio- and chemostratigraphic implications. The mid-upper Ordovician rocks recording high δ13C values have been deposited during transgressive or highstand intervals, whereas the regressive intervals are mostly missing. This results in a stacking of several positive excursions, and thus chemostratigraphic correlation without biostratigraphic control might produce misleading results, especially for shallow-water carbonates.

Field of study: Environmental science, Geography
The correlation between occurrence of dental caries and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of elderly population in Yogyakarta Special Region

Dental caries is the most common oral disease affecting humans. Based on the Indonesia Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2013, prevalence of dental caries in 2013 increased up to 53.2% from 43.4% in 2007. One of the two most increasing prevalence occurred in population of more than 65 years. This disease might affect oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) since it causes pain, physical and psychological discomfort. The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between occurrence of dental caries and OHRQoL in elderly population in Yogyakarta Special Region. One hundred and eighteen people aged 60 – 80 years consisting 73 female and 45 male involved in the study. The occurrence of dental caries and OHRQoL were determined using decay-missing-filling teeth (DMFT) index, whereas geriatric oral health assessment index (GOHAI) instruments, respectively. The data then were classified into very low, low, moderate and high DMFT and low, moderate and high GOHAI. Spearman’s rank correlation test was conducted to determine correlation between occurrence of dental caries and OHRQoL. Mean scores of DMFT index and GOHAI were 16.61 ± 7.16 and 47.97 ± 9.03, respectively. Very low, low, moderate, and high DMFT index were experienced by 4 (3.38%), 13 (11.02%), 25 (21.19%) and 76 (64.41%) of 118 elderly, respectively. Low, moderate and high GOHAI were experienced by 71 (60.17%), 25 (21.19%) and 22 (18.64%) of 118 elderly, respectively. Spearman’s rank correlation test showed that the correlation coefficient (r) was -0.263 (p=0.004). There is a negative moderate significant correlation between the occurrence of dental caries and OHRQoL of elderly population in Yogyakarta Special Region.

Field of study: Medicine
Furazolidone residues in chicken and swine tissues after feeding trials.

Broiler chickens and swine fed furazolidone in their diet were sacrificed, and samples of liver, kidney, skin/fat and muscle were harvested and analyzed for furazolidone residue. Chickens fed 200 g of furazolidone/ton of feed were withdrawn from treatment 21, 14, 7, 5, 3, or 0 days before slaughter. Birds withdrawn from medication more than 5 days prior to slaughter had no residues in any of the tissues sampled. One of the 12 birds in each of the 5 day and 3 day withdrawal groups had detectable residues in the skin/fat. Seven of the 12 birds in the 0 day withdrawal group had residues of less than 2 ppb in skin/fat samples. Chickens fed 400 g furazolidone/ton of feed were withdrawn from treatment 0 days before slaughter. Residues of 0.7 to 3.5 ppb were found in the skin of these birds; residues were not found in other tissues. Swine were fed 300 g furazolidone/ton of feed for 2 weeks or 150 g/ton for 5 weeks. They were withdrawn from treatment 10, 7, 5, 3, or 0 days before slaughter. Tissue samples taken from these swine did not contain detectable furazolidone residues.

Field of study: Agricultural and Food sciences
Diagnosing Emerging Fungal Threats: A One Health Perspective

Emerging fungal pathogens are a growing threat to global health, ecosystems, food security, and the world economy. Over the last century, environmental change and globalized transport, twinned with the increasing application of antifungal chemical drugs have led to increases in outbreaks of fungal diseases with sometimes catastrophic effects. In order to tackle contemporary epidemics and predemic threats, there is a pressing need for a unified approach in identification and monitoring of fungal pathogens. In this paper, we discuss current high throughput technologies, as well as new platforms capable of combining diverse data types to inform practical epidemiological strategies with a focus on emerging fungal pathogens of wildlife.

Field of study: Biology
Investigation of a variable-period thin-film Bragg modulator

An analysis was made of a thin-film Bragg electrooptic modulator with a variable-period electrode structure. Its operating conditions in the Bragg diffraction regime were determined and the specific electrode structure was calculated. A waveguide fabricated by titanium diffusion into Y-cut LiNbO3 was used to produce a modulator with a focal length of 30 mm, a control voltage of 8.5 V, and a band width of 570 MHz.

Field of study: Engineering, Physics