nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Subcellular localization of a protein-tyrosine phosphatase: evidence for association with chromatin.

A non-transmembrane protein-tyrosine phosphatase, PTP-S, has been shown to bind to DNA in vitro through its C-terminal noncatalytic domain. The cellular PTP-S gene product was identified as 42-44 kDa polypeptides in the rat fibroblast cell lines Rat2 and F111, by immunoblotting using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Indirect immunofluorescence-staining experiments showed that PTP-S was predominantly associated with the nuclear compartment in interphase cells, although some fluorescence was present in cytoplasm. This protein appeared to be uniformly distributed throughout the cell during mitosis. Subcellular fractionation followed by immunoblotting supports the immunofluorescence data showing that PTP-S was present in the nucleus as well as cytoplasm. PTP-S could be released from the isolated nuclei by moderate salt concentration (400 mM NaCl) or mild treatment with DNAase I, suggesting that at least part of this protein present in the nucleus was associated with chromatin. PTP-S extracted from nuclei of Rat2 cells binds to DNA, as determined by DNA affinity chromatography. The nuclear location of this phosphatase, and its association with chromatin, provide support to our previous suggestion that the DNA-binding property of this phosphatase may be physiologically relevant.

Field of study: Biology, Computer science
SORPTION AND TRANSPORT OF SPECIES IN SILICALITE STUDY OF BINARY SYSTEMS CONTAINING IODINE

Sorption of iodine from both the vapour phase and iodine solutions in organic solvents on large Silicalite-1 crystals was investigated. The single component sorption of iodine and sorption from binary mixtures under co-diffusion conditions led to a uniform colouring of the crystals. Under counter-diffusion conditions with crystals saturated initially with vapour of a selected solvent, the sorption kinetics of iodine was 2 or 3 orders of magnitude slower as compared with the corresponding co-diffusion experiment. Colouring of crystals was always, at least in its initial stage, non-uniform with visualized pyramids at crystal basal planes. This finding together with the nature of outer and inner crystal morphology suggests that our Silicalite-1 crystals are 90°-intergrowths which have only pore mouth openings of sinusoidal channels in the crystal surface. The process of crystal colouring under counter-diffusion conditions seems to proceed via diffusion along the boundaries of crystal sections.

Field of study: Chemistry
Using central nodes for efficient data collection in wireless sensor networks

We study the problem of data collection in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). A typical WSN is composed of wireless sensor nodes that periodically sense data and forward it to the base station in a multi-hop fashion. We are interested in designing an efficient data collection tree routing, focusing on three optimization objectives: energy efficiency, transport capacity, and hop-diameter (delay).In this paper we develop single- and multi-hop data collection, which are based on the definition of node centrality: centroid nodes. We provide theoretical performance analysis for our approach, present its distributed implementation and discuss the different aspects of using it. Most of our results are for two-dimensional WSNs, however we also show that the centroid-based approach is asymptotically optimal in three-dimensional random node deployments. In addition, we present new construction for arbitrary network deployment based on central nodes selection. We also present extensive simulation results that support our theoretical findings.

Field of study: Computer science
Evaluation of the Mechanical, Physical, and Anti-Fungal Properties of Flax Laboratory Papersheets with the Nanoparticles Treatment

In the present study, novel mixed additives of Chitosan or Paraloid B-72 combined with nanoparticles (NPs) of Ag, ZnO, or cellulose (NCL) were examined for their effects on the mechanical, optical, and fungal inhibition properties of the papersheets produced. The highest tensile, tear, and burst indices of the papersheets were observed for flax pulp treated with additives of Paraloid B-72 + ZnO NP (1%), Chitosan + ZnO NP (3%), and Chitosan + NCL (3%) at levels of 59.93 N·m/g, 18.45 mN·m2/g, and 6.47 kPa·m2/g, respectively. Chitosan + ZnO NP (1%) added to flax pulp showed the highest fungal mycelial inhibition (FMI) (1.85%) against Aspergillus flavus. Chitosan + Ag NP (1%) exhibited the highest FMI percentage (11.48%) when added to pulp against A. terreus. Pulp treated with Paraloid B-72 + Ag NP (1%) exhibited the highest activity against Stemphylium solani with an FMI value of 3.7%. The results indicate that the technological properties of the papersheets were enhanced with the addition of novel mixtures to the pulp.

Field of study: Materials science
Flow regime based calibration of a capacitive void fraction sensor for small diameter tubes

The void fraction measurement technique used in this work is based on measuring the capacity between two electrodes. The electrodes are curved so they closely fit to the tube wall; due to this the measured capacitance is influenced by the spatial distribution of the phases and not only the void fraction. Hence, the measured capacitance does not linearly vary with the void fraction. In this work a method is proposed to account for the distribution of the phases and thus determine the void fraction based on capacitive measurements. The proposed method was applied to 270 measurement points. The tube diameter D is 8 mm, the mass flux ranges from 200 to 500 kg m −2 s −1 and the vapour fraction ranges between 2.5% and 97.5%. Refrigerants R134a and R410A were used. The results were compared to the Steiner version of the Rouhani–Axelsson drift flux void fraction model. A very good agreement with this model was observed.

Field of study: Engineering
Problem of the Texas Tertiary sands

In connection with the Gulf Tertiary deposits, which stretch entirely across the Coastal Plain of Texas, there is a narrow belt within which the outcrops of several distinct sandy formations are exposed. The shoreward margin of this belt averages about 100 miles from the present Gulf coast. The belt is sometimes less than 10 miles in width, very rarely widens to more than 20 miles, and reaches its broadest exposures of about 40 miles only on the Nueces and Rio Grande. There are five of these sands. They are very similar in composition and appearance, fossils are comparatively rare in them, and it is often difficult to distinguish the one from the other, especially where the sands of one division overlap and are in direct contact with another. These sands, in descending order, are: Lapara (Dumble), 2 carrying in the Nueces section vertebrates determined by Cope to be of . . .

Field of study: Geology
ADSORPTION OF HYDROGEN IN DIFFERENT STRUCTURAL SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBE ARRAYS

The adsorption of hydrogen in square and triangular single walled carbon nanotube arrays was studied with grand canonical ensemble Monte Carlo method The adsorption isotherm was simulated at 77 K , 133 K and 298 K, and the ability of hydrogen adsorption storage in two different structural SWNTA was compared The reason for the difference in adsorption ability of the two SWNTA was analyzed according to potential field distribution, and the potential field distribution of different tube diameters and different inter tube spacings and the effect of potential field distribution on adsorption ability were discussed.The inter tube spacing is the key factor inducing the difference of potential field distribution and adsorption ability of different structural nanotube arrays.

Field of study: Chemistry, Environmental science
Hilbert space factorization and Fourier type of operators

It is an open question whether every Fourier type 2 operator factors through a Hilbert space. We show that at least the natural gradations of Fourier type 2 norms and Hilbert space factorization norms are not uniformly equivalent. A corresponding result is also obtained for a number of other sequences of ideal norms instead of the Fourier type 2 gradation including the Walsh function analogue of Fourier type. Our main tools are ideal norms and random matrices.

Field of study: Mathematics
Evolving Models of Integrated Behavioral Health and Primary Care

ReviewMental and physical disorders commonly co-occur leading to higher morbidity and mortality in people with mental and substance use disorders (collectively called behavioral health disorders). Models to integrate primary and behavioral health care for this population have not yet been implemented widely across health systems, leading to efforts to adapt models for specific subpopulations and mechanisms to facilitate more widespread adoption.Recent FindingsUsing examples from the UK and USA, we describe recent advances to integrate behavioral and primary care for new target populations including people with serious mental illness, people at the extremes of life, and for people with substance use disorders. We summarize mechanisms to incentivize integration efforts and to stimulate new integration between health and social services in primary care. We then present an outline of recent enablers for integration, concentrating on changes to funding mechanisms, developments in quality outcome measurements to promote collaborative working, and pragmatic guidance aimed at primary care providers wishing to enhance provision of behavioral care.SummaryIntegrating care between primary care and behavioral health services is a complex process. Established models of integrated care are now being tailored to target specific patient populations and policy initiatives developed to encourage adoption in particular settings. Wholly novel approaches to integrate care are significantly less common. Future efforts to integrate care should allow for flexibility and innovation around implementation, payment models that support delivery of high value care, and the development of outcome measures that incentivize collaborative working practices.

Field of study: Medicine, Psychology
Overdamped NbN junctions with Nb/AlO/sub x//Nb multilayered barriers

This paper describes electrical characteristics of NbN junctions with Nb/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-Al/(Nb) multilayered barriers. The junctions show overdamped behavior at 10 K because of Nb working as a normal layer, which enables us to use them as basic elements in single flux quantum (SFQ) circuits. The junctions, with critical current densities J/sub c/'s up to 3.4 kA/cm/sup 2/ and characteristic voltages V/sub c/'s up to 0.20 mV, were obtained by changing the film thicknesses of lower and upper Nb layers and the Al oxidation conditions when using a conventional batch-type sputtering system. The run-to-run variations of J/sub c/ and V/sub c/ were the maximum-to-minimum spreads of /spl plusmn/32% and /spl plusmn/4.3%, respectively. On the other hand, a V/sub c/ of 0.70 mV and a J/sub c/ of 13 kA/cm/sup 2/ were obtained for the junction fabricated by the ultrahigh-vacuum sputtering system. These results show that NbN/Nb/AlO/sub x//Nb/NbN junctions have high potential and can be applicable to high performance 10 K SFQ circuits.

Field of study: Physics
Judd-Ofelt calculation of Nd+3 doped phosphate glasses

The Judd-Ofelt parameters are useful for calculation of Stimulated emission cross sections. The values of emission cross sections are comparable with those shown by glasses used in solid state laser applications. This theory gives three intensity parameters iÂÂ2, iÂÂ4 and iÂÂ6, which are related to the local structure in the vicinity of rare-earth ions, and / or the covalency of the rare-earth ion sites. The comparison of calculated with measured lifetimes gives information about non-radiative decay rates. In the absence of nonradiative decay processes, it is not possible to assess the agreement between the Judd-Ofelt theory and the experimental results.

Field of study: Materials science
Entrepreneurship Education in Vocational Schools: Characteristics of Teachers, Schools and Risk Implementation of the Curriculum 2013 in Indonesia

This study examines the problems of entrepreneurship education at Vocational High School based on the perspective of teachers and school management characteristics related to the implementation of the curriculum in 2013 and trials of character-based education model. The research and development survey was conducted on aVocational High Schools in East Java. Analysis description, experimental and entrepreneurial attitude tests were used to assess the findings of the field. The study was conducted for 2 (two) years. The results showed that  more entrepreneurial teachers teach "the theory of entrepreneurship" than forming values ​​and skills, related curriculum in 2013 (K-13). The teachers have difficulty in implementation, the experience of teachers to business practices and network with minimal business world. K-13 tends to lower and decrease the entrepreneurial spirit of students because of the lack of material changes in attitude, the school management does not undertake any major policy changes related to the implementation of this new curriculum. Model of learning by giving the module containing the business motivations of character-based and case studies are structured through the guidance of teachers can improve attitudes related aspects of confidence and motivation for entrepreneurship. Aspects of creativity, attitudes towards risk, initiative, responsibility and leadership is still low.  Entrepreneurship Education, Vocational High School, teachers, curriculum 2013 .

Field of study: Education
To be or not to be: negotiating leisure constraints with technology and data analytics amid the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic is having an unprecedented impact on the leisure industry. Mandatory directives such as social distancing and stay-at-home/shelter-in-place orders reduce disease transmission and protect the health and well-being of the public. However, such strategies might impair active leisure participation. We identify challenges and constraints of engaging in active leisure activities during the pandemic and explore how the general public can use technology and big data analytics to negotiate constraints during this uncertain time. Creative applications of big data analytics demonstrate that negotiating active leisure constraints and battling the pandemic are not contradictory goals. We recommend society to harness the power of these data-driven tools to effectively navigate interpersonal, structural, and intrapersonal constraints to active leisure while improving the efficiency with which we combat the spread of COVID-19.

Field of study: Sociology
Mapping biodiversity hotspots and conservation priorities for the Euro-Mediterranean headwater ecosystems, as inferred from diversity and distribution of a water beetle lineage

Euro-Mediterranean running water ecosystems represent a highly threatened habitat due to draining, construction, agriculture, eutrophication, pollution and climate changes. Thereby, the associated biodiversity is often more threatened compared to any other ecosystem and the identification of biodiversity hotspots and conservation priorities for running water fauna is therefore a primary target. Here we focused on invertebrates, as important indicators of ecosystem functions, modelling a lineage of water beetles and investigating the conservation status of Euro-Mediterranean headwater ecosystems. We selected the “Haenydra” lineage (Hydraenidae, genus Hydraena) as representative taxon (92 species overall, known to occur from Iberian Peninsula to W Iran), analysing a geographic database including literature, field-collecting and Museums data in order to map the distribution of biodiversity hotspots in Euro-Mediterranean headwater systems and locate the running water sites potentially important for invertebrates conservation. We hence assessed the conservation priorities assigning IUCN threat Categories—following IUCN guidelines—to all the species of the lineage, together with a herein introduced Conservation Score (CS) computed using a procedure tailored specifically for water beetles, also analysing historical series. We found that threatened categories (VU or higher), with high CSs, should be assigned to >70 % of the species, suggesting that, considering this lineage a representative model, the headwaters conservation status in Euro-Mediterranean areas is alarming. Cantabria, Pyrenees, Alps and Central Apennines were identified as biodiversity hotspots, whereas the combination of IUCN categories and CSs revealed that the areas with highest conservation concern are distributed in W-Alps, E-Alps, Apennines, Central Spain, Greece and N-Turkey. Our analyses suggested a dramatic worsening of running water ecosystems in several Mediterranean regions and in particular in Italy, Greece and Turkey. The comparison between the IUCN categories and the newly introduced CSs evidenced the importance of taking into account the ecological, hydro-geological and historical features when assessing conservation strategies for running water organisms.

Field of study: Environmental science
Memory architecture exploration for programmable embedded systems; Peter Grun, Nikil Dutt, Alexandru Nicolau. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston. 2003. Hardcover, pp 128, plus XVII, ISBN 1-4020-7324-0

An on-loom take-up apparatus having increased cloth roll capacity is illustrated wherein means are provided for maintaining the loom supported in raised position while removing obstructions to the cloth roll as would limit the size of the cloth roll as would otherwise be permitted by the raising of the loom. A separate D.C. drive is provided and a constant torque control is provided for driving the take-up roll responsive to tension in the cloth through a positive drive arrangement.

Field of study: Engineering
Triazine and Metolachlor Herbicide Residues in Farm Areas of the Lower Fraser Valley, British Columbia, Canada

Crop soils, ditch sediments and water flowing from several Lower Fraser River (LFR) farm areas of British Columbia, Canada, to salmon tributary streams of that river were sampled in 2004–2005 to quantify for residues of triazine [atrazine, desethylatrazine (a transformation product of atrazine), propazine, and simazine] and metolachlor (a chloroacetamide) herbicides. Average concentrations [μg kg−1 dry weight (d.w.)] of triazine (10,110) and metolachlor (8,910) herbicides detected in crop soils at the start (May 2004, 2005) of the growing season were about 17 and 6 times, respectively, higher than those found for both herbicide groups during (June–Sept, 2004, 2005) the growing season. In contrast, mean concentrations (μg L−1) of triazines (0.092) and metolachlor (0.014) in permanent ditches adjacent to farms were about 7 and 28 times, respectively, lower at the start than during the growing season. Both herbicide groups in ditch sediments were detected only during the growing season at concentrations averaging about 315 μg kg−1 d.w. The risk potential of these herbicides for non-target aquatic organisms inhabiting permanent farm ditches contiguous to tributary streams of the LFR during the growing season is evaluated and discussed.

Field of study: Agricultural and Food sciences
Rings of PDE-preserving operators on nuclearly entire functions

Let E;F be Banach spaces where F = E 0 or vice versa. If F has the approximation property, then the space of nuclearly entire functions of bounded type, HNb(E), and the space of exponential type functions, Exp(F ), form a dual pair. The set of convolution operators on HNb(E) (i.e. the continuous operators that commute with all translations) is formed by the transposes '(D) t ', '2 Exp(F ), of the multiplication operators ' : 7! ' on Exp(F ). A continuous operator T on HNb(E) is PDE-preserving for a set P Exp(F ) if it has the invariance property: T ker'(D) ker'(D), ' 2 P. The set of PDE-preserving operators O(P) for P forms a ring and, as a starting point, we characterize O(H) in dieren t ways, where H = H(F ) is the set of continuous homo- geneous polynomials on F. The elements of O(H) can, in a one-to-one way, be identied with sequences of certain growth in Exp(F ). Further, we establish a kernel theorem: For every continuous linear operator on HNb(E) there is a unique kernel, or symbol, and we characterize O(H) by describing the corresponding symbol set. We obtain a sucien t con- dition for an operator to be PDE-preserving for a setP H. Finally, by duality we obtain results on operators that preserve ideals in Exp(F ).

Field of study: Mathematics
Biological X-ray absorption spectroscopy and metalloproteomics.

In the past seven years the size of the known protein sequence universe has been rapidly expanding. At present, more then five million entries are included in the UniProtKB/TrEMBL protein database. In this context, a retrospective evaluation of recent X-ray absorption studies is undertaken to assess its potential role in metalloproteomics. Metalloproteomics is the structural and functional characterization of metal-binding proteins. This is a new area of active research which has particular relevance to biology and for which X-ray absorption spectroscopy is ideally suited. In the last three years, biological X-ray absorption spectroscopy (BioXAS) has been included among the techniques used in post-genomics initiatives for metalloprotein characterization. The emphasis of this review is on the progress in BioXAS that has emerged from recent meetings in 2007-2008. Developments required to enable BioXAS studies to better contribute to metalloproteomics throughput are also discussed. Overall, this paper suggests that X-ray absorption spectroscopy could have a higher impact on metalloproteomics, contributing significantly to the understanding of metal site structures and of reaction mechanisms for metalloproteins.

Field of study: Physics
Social environmental influences on the development and resolution of alcohol problems.

This article summarizes the proceedings of a symposium presented at the 2005 Annual Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism, Santa Barbara, California, June 25-30. The overall goal of the symposium was to consider the broad impact of the social environment on the development of and successful or unsuccessful resolution of drinking problems. The presentations addressed multiple social environmental influences including: the influence of children on parents (Dr. Zucker), the influence of peers and parents on adolescents (Dr. Molina), the influence of family members on adult drinking (Dr. McCrady), the influence of adult peers/friends (Dr. Kaskutas), and the influence of the occupational environment (Dr. Ames). Dr. Longabaugh, the symposium discussant, addressed models for understanding the relationships between social influences and drinking problems.

Field of study: Medicine
Session management in broadcast networks with dynamic addresses

The method of dynamically assigned addresses is an alternative to the traditional method of preassigned addresses. The dynamic approach requires protocols for assigning/unassigning addresses, along with some kind of mechanism which distributes information about assigned/unassigned addresses to network stations and manages sessions between stations. In the present work we investigate the second issue in relation to broadcast networks, present a possible model for address distribution, define the properties required for correct operation and prove that our proposed protocol fulfills these properties.

Field of study: Computer science