nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study Evaluating Mindfulness and Naikan-Based Therapy: AEON-HO for Attachment Style, Self-Actualization, and Depression

AEON-HO (Altering emotional organization-holistic operation) contains methods of Naikan therapy and mindfulness. Naikan and mindfulness are originally from Buddhism tradition, and they have a high affinity. AEON-HO was conceptualized to improve attachment issues and the growth of self-actualization, because Naikan and mindfulness are known to be effective for attachment issues but partially if they are used independently. Naikan can approach to attachment avoidance, while mindfulness can approach to attachment anxiety. The primary purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of AEON-HO on attachment styles, self-actualization, and depression by using “attachment style scale the Experiences in Close Relationships inventory–the generalized–other–version (ECR-GO),” “self-actualization scale” translated to Japanese, and “center for epidemiologic studies for depression scale.” Participants have taken these three psychological questionnaires before and after the eight-week program of AEON-HO, and the results of scales were compared. Participants were 36 adults with a mean age of 49 years (SD = 3.9). Changes in two attachment styles, anxiety and avoidance and depressive state, were observed between pre- and posttest, while there were no significant changes in self-actualization. However, attachment anxiety and self-actualization were correlated negatively in pre- and posttest, while attachment avoidance and self-actualization were correlated negatively only in pretest.

Field of study: Psychology
Photocatalytic mechanisms of indoleamine destruction by the quinalphos metabolite 2-hydroxyquinoxaline: a study on melatonin and its precursors serotonin and N-acetylserotonin

The redox-active quinalphos main metabolite, 2-hydroxyquinoxaline, is particularly effective under excitation by light. We have studied the photocatalytic destruction of melatonin and its precursors, because the cytoprotective indoleamine has been detected in high quantities in mammalian skin. In photooxidation reactions, in which melatonin, N-acetylserotonin and serotonin are destroyed by 2-hydroxyquinoxaline, the photocatalyst is virtually not consumed. Rates of melatonin and serotonin destruction are not changed by the singlet oxygen quencher 1,4-diazabicyclo-(2,2,2)-octane, indicating that this oxygen species is not involved in the primary reactions, so that the persistence of 2-hydroxyquinoxaline has to be explained by redox cycling. This should imply formation of an organic radical, presumably the quinoxaline-2-oxyl radical, from which 2-hydroxyquinoxaline is regenerated by electron abstraction from indolic radical scavengers. Electron donation by 2-hydroxyquinoxaline is demonstrated by reduction of the 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazolinyl-6-sulfonic acid) cation radical under ultrasound excitation. The compound 2-hydroxyquinoxaline interacts with the specific superoxide anion scavenger Tiron. Formation of oligomeric products from melatonin and serotonin is strongly inhibited by sodium dithionite. Products from photocatalytic indolamine conversion are predominantly dimers and oligomers. No kynuramines were detected in the case of serotonin oxidation, and melatonin's otherwise prevailing oxidation product N 1-acetyl-N 2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine, another cytoprotective metabolite, is only formed in relatively small quantities. The proportion between products from melatonin is changed by 1,4-diazabicyclo-(2,2,2)-octane: singlet oxygen, also formed under the influence of excited 2-hydroxyquinoxaline, only affects secondary reactions.

Field of study: Agricultural and Food sciences
Primary productivity and the silica cycle in the Southern Ocean (Atlantic sector)

Tentative data for the biogenic silica production in a section along 10°E are calculated from the dissolved silica distribution. North of a sharp silica front, found south of the Antarctic Polar Front and near the Maud Rise production was relatively high. These areas have also high bottom relief, causing redistribution of sediments as is demonstrated from 210Pb analyses. This overestimates the importance of such areas in budget calculations of the accumulation of biogenic silica. Dissolved silica concentrations in interstitial waters are highly variable, low values are explained by the incorporation of Al in diatom frustules. Dissolution in the surface sediments is 3 times larger than burial; this is more than previously assumed. Calculations of the flux out of the sediments from gradients in interstitial waters and in bottom waters, using diffusion coefficients determined from 222Rn profiles give reasonable agreement.

Field of study: Environmental science, Geography
Circular dichroism beamline B23 at the Diamond Light Source.

Synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD) is a well established technique in structural biology. The first UV-VIS beamline, dedicated to circular dichroism, at Diamond Light Source Ltd, a third-generation synchrotron facility in south Oxfordshire, UK, has recently become operational and it is now available for the user community. Herein the main characteristics of the B23 SRCD beamline, the ancillary facilities available for users, and some of the recent advances achieved are summarized.

Field of study: Physics
Alcohol-induced endothelial changes are associated with oxidative stress and are rapidly reversed after withdrawal.

Although heavy alcohol drinkers are at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular events, moderate alcohol intake is associated with reduced incidence of cardiovascular death. This paradox might reflect a dose-related effect of different alcohol intakes on endothelial function and this, in turn, might depend on changes in oxidative stress.



We tested the effects of alcohol withdrawal in heavy alcohol consumers and compared the plasma levels of endothelin-1, nitric oxide, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, von Willebrand factor, malondialdehyde, and intracellular glutathione with those of alcoholics that did not modify their alcohol intake and teetotalers. In human endothelial cells that had been cultured for 2 weeks in the presence of different concentrations of ethanol, we assessed the same parameters after withdrawal of ethanol exposure.



Alcohol increased the levels of endothelin-1, nitric oxide, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and decreased the levels of von Willebrand factor both in vivo and in vitro. These changes were dose dependent, rapidly reversed after withdrawal of exposure, and associated with the presence of increased oxidative stress as indicated by increased levels of both malondialdehyde and intracellular glutathione. Blockade of oxidative stress by incubation of endothelial cells in the presence of oxidants' scavengers prevented the alcohol-induced functional modifications of the endothelium.



Alcohol affects endothelial function with an effect that is mediated by an activated oxidative stress and is rapidly reversed after withdrawal. Dose-related endothelial responses to different alcohol intakes might translate in either vascular protection or vascular damage.

Field of study: Medicine
THE VARIATION LAW OF STORATIVITY RATIO AND INTERPOROSITY TRANSFER COEFFICIENT IN FRACTURED RESERVOIRS

The experiment on stress-dependent porosity and permeability of matrix cores and fractured cores shows that the stress sensitivity of the fractured cores is much stronger than that of the matrix cores.As the permeability increases,the stress sensitivity of the matrix cores decreases.The formulas of the synchronal alternation between the storativity ratio and the interporosity transfer coefficient during the reservoir pressure dropping have been derived,and the two factors are found to have a linear relationship in the semi-log coordinate,and the interporosity transfer coefficient declines with the storativity ratio increasing.The effect of synchronal variation between the storativity ratio and the interporosity transfer coefficient to the change of pressure and its derivative in the stress-sensitive and fractured reservoir has also been studied.The result shows that the variation of the storativity ratio and the interporosity transfer coefficient affects the crossflow occurring time and transfer rate of fluid from matrix to fracture.

Field of study: Engineering
Influence of the Pt barrier on Ti/Al/Pt/Au ohmic contacts to n-GaN studied by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and x-ray diffraction

The diffusion barrier effect of Pt has been investigated in Ti/Al/Pt/Au ohmic contacts to n-GaN. Severe indiffusion, outdiffusion of Pt and outdiffusion of Ga have been found in 450 ?C annealed samples according to the Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) results. At the same time, the reaction between Ga and Pt has also been identified by glancing angle synchrotron irradiation x-ray diffraction (GASIXRD) in the samples annealed at 450 ?C. A higher annealing temperature causes Pt to indiffuse into GaN and react with GaN further. As a result, electrical degradation of the Ti/Al/Pt/Au metallization system was found for samples aged at 600 ?C. In contrast, no obvious degradation was found for the aged Ti/Al/Ni/Au samples. According to the RBS and GASIXRD results, it is suggested that the formation of Ga3Pt5 may cause degradation in the electrical properties of the Ti/Al/Pt/Au metallization system.

Field of study: Materials science
ENHANCED FLOW BOILING HEAT TRANSFER OF HIGH SATURATION TEMPERATURE ORGANIC FLUID IN VERTICAL POROUS TUBE

In the present study the experiments on enhanced flow boiling heat transfer in a vertical tube with porous coated surface were carried out with high saturation temperature organic fluid (cumene).Heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops vs.vapor quality were measured and compared to the experimental results of a smooth tube.Boiling curves at three different mass fluxes were also obtained.The range of test parameters in the test included the fluid mass flux from 391—790kg·m -2·s -1, the vapor quality from 0.09—0.58 and evaporating pressure from 0.16—0.31MPa.The correlations for heat transfer coefficients and frictional pressure drops are derived, in which the effect of fluid molecular mass was introduced.The experimental results indicated that the heat transfer coefficients of the porous tube were 1.8—3.5 times those of smooth tube and the frictional pressure drops of the porous tube were 1.1—2.9 times those of smooth tube.

Field of study: Chemistry, Environmental science
Schoolchildren as sociolinguistic researchers

This paper discusses a recent British research project that aimed to incorporate sociolinguistic research into classroom procedures. One of the goals of the project was to enlist teachers and their students as researchers, in order to obtain systematic information on local dialect grammar. A further aim was to encourage students to explore their own reactions to linguistic diversity and to investigate for themselves different aspects of linguistic variation in their local community. The paper reports the results of work carried out by students on their personal reactions to linguistic diversity (including the correction of nonstandard forms, attitudes toward regional variation, linguistic variation as an expression of social identity) and of some empirical research that they carried out in the community. It is argued that collaboration of this kind can be of value to the sociolinguistic research community, who can obtain useful research material in this way. It is also of interest to teachers in that it challenges conventional classroom procedures by giving students the status of experts. Most importantly of all, the incorporation of sociolinguistic research in classroom procedures has an educational value for students. In the British context it can provide a range of pedagogically valid activities that can be actively promoted within the framework of the severe educational changes that are currently taking place.

Field of study: Education, Linguistics
NONLINEAR OPTICS: Transient energy exchange between two concurrent coherent waves in a nonlinear medium

An analysis is made of the interaction between two mutually coherent plane waves in a medium whose refractive index varies by an amount proportional to the local exposure up to a selected time. It is found that the parameters of the process depend on a single self-similar variable, the product of the depth and the input exposure: zE2dt. Analytic and numerical studies are made of the properties of the self-similar solution for various ratios of the wave intensities at the entrance to the medium.

Field of study: Engineering, Physics
1-amenability of A(X) for Banach spaces with 1-unconditional bases

The main result of the note is a characterization of 1-amenability of Banach algebras of approximable operators for a class of Banach spaces with 1-unconditional bases in terms of a new basis property. It is also shown that amenability and symmetric amenability are equivalent concepts for Banach algebras of approximable operators, and that a type of Banach space that was long suspected to lack property A has in fact the property. Some further ideas on the problem of whether or not amenability (in this setting) implies property A are discussed.

Field of study: Mathematics
Cryptanalysis of a Group Key Transfer Protocol Based on Secret Sharing: Generalization and Countermeasures

Group key distribution protocol is a mechanism in which a group key is generated and distributed by KGC to a set of communicating parties in a group. This group key generally ensures secure communication among communicating parties in an unsecure channel. Harn and Lin protocol is one such. It is based on Shamir’s secret sharing scheme. Nam et al. exposed the vulnerability in Harn and Lin protocol through their replay attack and proposed a countermeasure using nonce mechanism. In this paper, we are generalizing the replay attack proposed by Nam et al. and proposing an alternative countermeasure without using nonce mechanism. Novelty of our countermeasure is that KGC is not required to detect replay messages and hence each user doesn’t need to compute authentication message as in Nam et al. Proposed countermeasure thereby brings down the computational complexity of the scheme.

Field of study: Computer science, Mathematics
Patient (customer) expectations in hospitals.

The expectations of patient are one of the determining factors of healthcare service. The purpose of this study is to measure the Patients' Expectations, based on Patient's Rights. This study was done with Likert-Survey in Trabzon population. The analyses showed that the level of the expectations of the patient was high on the factor of receiving information and at an acceptable level on the other factors. Statistical meaningfulness was determined between age, sex, education, health insurance, and the income of the family and the expectations of the patients (p<0.05). According to this study, the current legal regulations have higher standards than the expectations of the patients. The reason that the satisfaction of the patients high level is interpreted due to the fact that the level of the expectation is low. It is suggested that the educational and public awareness studies on the patients' rights must be done in order to increase the expectations of the patients.

Field of study: Medicine, Political science
No functional beta 3-adrenergic receptors expressed in rat skeletal muscle cells.

To determine the functional role of beta 3-adrenoceptors (beta 3-AR) in rat skeletal muscle cells.



Nonselective beta-AR agonist isoprenaline (isoproterenol, Iso), beta 3-AR agonist CGP12177A which is a beta 1-/beta 2-AR antagonist and selective beta 3-AR antagonist SR59230A on cAMP accumulation was studied in primary cultured rat skeletal muscle cells.



Iso stimulated cAMP accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner with EC50 of 1.51 nmol.L-1 and propranolol inhibited cAMP accumulation stimulated by Iso with KB of 3.47 nmol.L-1. CGP12177A had no effect on cAMP accumulation but inhibited cAMP production induced by Iso. SR59230A 10 nmol.L-1 did not inhibit cAMP production induced by Iso.



The functional beta 3-AR are not present or at least not coupled to adenylyl cyclase activity in skeletal muscle cells.

Field of study: Biology, Chemistry, Medicine
Band structures in doubly-odd120I nucleus

Two new collective bands have been identified in120I nucleus from the cross-bombardment results of108Pd(16O,p3n) and114Cd(11B,5n) reactions. Of these, a strongly coupled band, based on πg7/2 ⊗ υh11/2 quasiparticles, exhibits energy staggering in odd even spin states. The other band, based on πh11/2 ⊗ υg7/2 configuration, is decoupled in nature and shows a band-crossing at ħω=0.39 MeV due to alignment of an h11/2 quasineutron pair.

Field of study: Physics
Analysis of Water Cooling Interface Heat Transfer in Continuous Casting of Aluminium Ingot

Water cooling intensity during continuous casting ,including direct chill casting and electromagnetic casting of aluminium ingots, is one of the key parameters that influence the process of casting and the quality of ingot. In this paper, the research achievements concerning about water cooling interface heat transfer in continuous casting have been summarized and the methods for determining the heat transfer coefficient have been proposed.

Field of study: Materials science
Determination of electron-nucleus collision geometry with forward neutrons

There are a large number of physics programs one can explore in electron-nucleus collisions at a future electron-ion collider. Collision geometry is very important in these studies, while the measurement for an event-by-event geometric control is rarely discussed in the prior deep-inelastic scattering experiments off a nucleus. This paper seeks to provide some detailed studies on the potential of tagging collision geometries through forward neutron multiplicity measurements with a zero degree calorimeter. This type of geometry handle, if achieved, can be extremely beneficial in constraining nuclear effects for the electron-nucleus program at an electron-ion collider.

Field of study: Physics
Prospective multicenter study on robot-assisted laparoscopic extravesical ureteral reimplantation (RALUR-EV): Outcomes and complications.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic extravesical ureteral reimplantation (RALUR-EV) is a minimally invasive alternative to open surgery. We have previously reported retrospective outcomes from our study group, and herein provide an updated prospective analysis with a focus on success rate, surgical technique, and complications among surgeons who have overcome the initial learning curve.



To assess the safety and efficacy of RALUR-EV in children, among experienced surgeons.



We reviewed our prospective database of children undergoing RALUR-EV by pediatric urologists at eight academic centers from 2015 to 2017. Radiographic success was defined as absence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) on postoperative voiding cystourethrogram. Complications were graded using the Clavien scale. Univariate regression analysis was performed to assess for association among various patient and technical factors and radiographic failure.



In total, 143 patients were treated with RALUR-EV for primary VUR (87 unilateral, 56 bilateral; 199 ureters). The majority of ureters (73.4%) had grade III or higher VUR preoperatively. Radiographic resolution was present in 93.8% of ureters, as shown in the summary table. Ureteral complications occurred in five ureters (2.5%) with mean follow-up of 7.4 months (SD 4.0). Transient urinary retention occurred in four patients following bilateral procedure (7.1%) and in no patients after unilateral. On univariate analysis, there were no patient or technical factors associated with increased odds of radiographic failure.



We report a radiographic success rate of 93.8% overall, and 94.1% among children with grades III-V VUR. In contemporary series, alternate management options such as endoscopic injection and open UR have reported radiographic success rates of 90% and 93.5% respectively. We were unable to identify specific patient or technical factors that influenced outcomes, although immeasurable factors such as tissue handling and intraoperative decision-making could not be assessed. Ureteral complications requiring operative intervention were rare and occurred with the same incidence reported in a large open series. Limitations include lack of long-term follow-up and absence of radiographic follow-up on a subset of patients.



Radiographic resolution of VUR following RALUR is on par with contemporary open series, and the incidence of ureteral complications is low. RALUR should be considered as one of several viable options for management of VUR in children.

Field of study: Medicine
Multi-version Consistency Controlling Algorithm of Multi-coordinators

The conflicts can't be avoided in distributed collaborative editing system.Therefore,this paper presents a multi-version method based on multi-coordinators for P2P.The tier-structure is adopted,and the version is submitted from bottom to top.When conflict occurres it would be solved by conflict resolution algorithms.The experimental results show that it can not only eliminate the bottleneck problem but also reduce the network bandwidth effectively,intention conflict and semantic conflict can also be settled effectively.

Field of study: Computer science
Selectivity coefficients for ion-selective electrodes: Recommended methods for reporting KA,Bpot values (Technical Report)

Chairman: 1989-91 R. A. Durst (USA); 1991-95 R. P. Buck (USA);  1989-91 M. Senda (Japan);  1989-91 K. M. Kadish (USA); 1991-95 K. Tdth (Hungary); Titular Members: R. P. Buck (USA; 1989-91); M. Gross (France; 1987-91); K. Stulik (Czech Republic; 1989-95); K. Tdth (Hungary; 1987-91); M. L'Her (France: 1991-95); Y. Umezawa (Japan; 1991-95); S. Rondinini Cavallari (Italy; 1991-95); Associate Members: A. M. Bond (Australia; 1989-93); K. Cammann (FRG; 1989-95); M. Filomena Camoes (Portugal; 1987-95); A. G. Fogg (UK; 1987-95); W. Kutner (Poland; 1989-95); T. Kuwana (USA; 1989-91); W. R. Heinemann (USA; 1991-95); S. Kihara (Japan; 1991-95); W. F. Koch (USA; 1991-95); S. Rondinini Cavallari (Italy; 1987-91); G. Prabhakara Rao (India; 1989-93); H. P. van Leeuwen (Netherlands; 1985-93); J. Wang (USA; 1991-95); E. Wang (China; 1987-93); Y. Umezawa (Japan; 1987-91); M. L'Her (France; 1989-91); National Representatives: J.-M. Kauffmann (Belgium; 1992-95); H. B. Kristensen (Denmark; 1988-95); W. F. Koch (USA; 1989-91); G. E. Batley (Australia; 1985-91); B. Gilbert (Belgium; 1981-89); H.-Y. Chen (China; 1990-91); E. Lindner (Hungary; 1987-91); W. F. Smyth (Ireland; 1981-91); E. Grushka (Israel; 1981-91); T. Mussini (Italy; 1989-95); K. Izutsu (Japan; 1987-91); A. J. McQuillan (New Zealand; 1987-91); Z. Galus (Poland; 1979-91); J. Galvez (Spain; 1987-91); G. Johansson (Sweden; 1981-91); G. Somer (Turkey; 1987-91); A. K. Covington (UK; 1987-95); W. F. Koch (USA; 1989-91); 1. Piljac (Croatia; 1987-91).

Field of study: Chemistry