nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Web-Based Knowledge Management Environment for Consulting and Research Organizations

Consulting and research organizations are characterized by a project orientation, teamwork, a flat organizational structure, and a dynamically changing set of personnel roles and objectives. These organizations develop information content in the form of reports, various graphics, presentations, documents, and sometimes video and audio files that can be broadly defined as project artifacts. Knowledge is often defined by “best practices,” formalized procedures, and external connections. Although many organizations possess characteristics common to those of consulting and research organizations, the unique focus of consulting and research firms on knowledge, as one of the primary products offered to clients requires a knowledge management effort and technological infrastructure that support this unique focus. In this paper we present a Web portal-based knowledge management architecture designed to support the specific knowledge management activities prevalent in consulting and research firms. The architecture is composed of advanced computational techniques consisting of an XML-based repository of organizational artifacts, a software bus, groupware, a multimedia repository, and ontological reasoning. The Web portal is a view into groupware, search, and multimedia applications as well as normal Web functionality. The architecture is three tiered with the client tier consisting of a Web browser, a middle tier consisting of the support applications encapsulated in a portal, and a back tier containing the repositories and databases. An index/repository engine is used in the back tier to manage the contents of a separate index repository and an ontology repository. An ontology repository is used to store expressions that are a form of knowledge representation that can be queried. An index repository contains indexes to HTML and XML based Web pages containing organizational artifacts. The architecture represents a unified use of various technology components that, in concert, provide the functionality and integration of technology required by consulting and research firms to harvest and leverage the combined knowledge of their knowledge workers to provide better service to their clients.

Field of study: Computer science
Recruitment of primitive peripheral blood cells: synergism of interleukin 12 with interleukin 6 and stromal cell-derived FACTOR-1.

In bone marrow, haematopoietic stem cells (HSC) rely on close contact with stromal cells for proliferation and differentiation. Stromal cell-derived factor (SDF-1) is a chemokine produced by bone marrow stromal cells and has been reported to be a chemoattractant for CD34(+)cells. SDF-1 was evaluated for effects on proliferation of both mature and immature human progenitor cells in vitro. Neither proliferation nor maturation of peripheral blood cells was stimulated by SDF-1 alone. Moreover, we have previously demonstrated that 5-fluorouracile (5-FU) resistant HSC require a combination of interleukin 12 (IL-12), IL-6 and SCF for the production of morphologically recognizable clonogenic elements at day 14 in semisolid medium. Our data reported a strong enhancement of the IL-6, IL-12, SCF-induced synergism (172%) by SDF-1 (296.5%). Furthermore, our data suggest that this chemokine alone had no effect on triggering quiescent cells and may preserve these cells from 5-FU cell damage or upregulate early-acting cytokine receptors. Thus, SDF-1 might play a key role in early human haematopoiesis through its potent synergistic effects in combination with early-acting cytokines. These results suggest that a programmed response to sequential cytokine stimulation may be part of a control mechanism required for maintenance of proliferation of primitive HSC.

Field of study: Medicine
Coronary atherosclerotic lesions in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: a histopathologic study.

Studies suggest human immunodeficiency virus-positive (HIV+) patients have an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), yet little is known about the histopathology, severity, or distribution of lesions.



The coronary arteries of 66 deceased AIDS patients and 19 HIV controls (age <55) were dissected and graded for percent luminal stenosis by intimal lesions, percent of intima involved with lipid, and extent of intimal calcification on a scale of 0 to 3. Medical histories, antiretroviral therapies, and CAD risk factors were reviewed.



HIV+ patients were older than controls (P=.06), and more were male (P=.02). Thirty-five percent of HIV+ patients had stenosis >or=75% of at least one artery. Compared to controls, HIV+ patients had three times greater odds of stenosis >or=75%, controlling for age and sex (one-sided P=.03). Older age and male sex were also risk factors (one-sided P<.001). HIV seropositivity was associated with increased plaque lipid content (one-sided P=.02) and calcification (one-sided P=.08). Duration of HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy, and immune status did not predict severe disease in multivariate analyses. Previously unreported patterns of dystrophic calcification were observed in HIV+ patients and older controls.



Young to middle-aged patients dying from advanced AIDS have atherosclerotic CAD that may result in luminal narrowing, heavy calcification, and high plaque lipid content. The pattern of disease, location of lesions, and plaque composition are typical of atherosclerosis in HIV-negative patients. No relationship between antiretroviral therapies and atherosclerosis was seen in this small study of heavily treated patients.

Field of study: Biology, Medicine
Emission Characters and Environmental Cost of CH_4 and N_2O from Agricultural Activities of Double Rice Cropping in Central and South China

Paddy field is an important source of atmospheric CH4 and N2O. Based on the agricultural date from National Bureau of Statistics of China, from 1992 to 2011, the CH4 and N2O emission and its greenhouse effect environmental cost of double rice cropping in Central and South China were estimated and analyzed, and reduction methods of CH4 and N2O emission were recommended for rice cultivation. The results showed that(1) In Central and South China, the annual emission variation of CH4 and N2O had a similar "V" trend, and a turning point was happened in 2003.(2) The average annual emission of CH4 and N2O was gradually decreased every 5 years from1992 to 2011, but the unit area emission of rice cultivation of CH4 and N2O were increased gradually. And the variation trend of environment cost of greenhouse effects of CH4 and N2O were the same as their emission trend.(3) In Central China, the average annual emission of CH4 and N2O was 200.13×104, 0.66×104t respectively, and the unit area emission was 234.89, 0.89 kg/ha correspondingly. In South China, the average annual emission of CH4 and N2O was 125.42×104, 0.48×104t, and the unit area emission was 216.78, 1.17 kg/ha respectively.(4) In Central China, the environment cost of greenhouse effects of CH4 and N2O was 7.05×109, 0.41×109USD and the unit area cost was 98.65, 5.54 USD/ha, and in the South China, the environment cost of greenhouse effect of CH4 and N2O was 4.60×109, 0.40×109USD and the unit area cost was 91.05, 7.25 USD/ha.(5) The highest of CH4 and N2O emission was in Hunan and Jiangxi in Central China, and that in South China they was in Guangdong andGuangxi. To reduce the emission of CH4 and N2O in these areas is of a top priority. According to the study, in Central and South China, the emission and environmental cost of CH4 and N2O was so high that it should be reduced in a manner of innovative rice planting technology.

Field of study: Agricultural and Food sciences
The influence of the North-Föhn on tracer organic compounds in ambient air PM10 at a pre-alpine site in Northern Italy.

The ambient air in Northern Italy is characterised by relatively high PAH and PM 10 concentrations in relation to calm wind and intensive temperature inversions, especially during cold periods. These stagnant conditions are occasionally interrupted by North-Fohn events, which cause a drop in relative humidity and an increase in O 3 levels, indicating the mixing of local and free troposphere air flows. In this study the influence of the North-Fohn on concentrations of tracer organic compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), PM 10 , O 3 and black carbon (BC) was studied during a North-Fohn event in November 2007. Large fluctuations in the concentration of these compounds, as well as changes in PM 10 composition due to daytime and night-time variations of local source emissions were observed. Although these events occur at low frequencies (6–10%) they can for short periods, strongly affect the regional air quality by quickly decreasing the concentrations of these tracer organic compounds.

Field of study: Environmental science
Simple AEAD Hardware Interface (SÆHI) in a SoC: Implementing an On-Chip Keyak/WhirlBob Coprocessor

Simple AEAD Hardware Interface (SÆHI) is a hardware cryptographic interface aimed at CAESAR Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data (AEAD) algorithms. Cryptographic acceleration is typically achieved either with a coprocessor or via instruction set extensions. ISA modifications require re-engineering the CPU core, making the approach inapplicable outside the realm of open source processor cores. At minimum, we suggest implementing CAESAR AEADs as universal memory-mapped cryptographic coprocessors, synthesizable even on low end FPGA platforms. AEADs complying to SÆHI must also include C language API drivers targeting low-end MCUs that directly utilize the memory mapping in a ``bare metal'' fashion. This can also be accommodated on MMU-equipped mid-range CPUs.
 Extended battery life and bandwidth resulting from dedicated cryptographic hardware is vital for currently dominant computing and communication devices: mobile phones, tablets, and Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. We argue that these should be priority hardware optimization targets for AEAD algorithms with realistic payload profiles.
 We demonstrate a fully integrated implementation of WhirlBob and Keyak AEADs on the FPGA fabric of Xilinx Zynq 7010. This low-cost System-on-Chip (SoC) also houses a dual-core Cortex-A9 CPU, closely matching the architecture of many embedded devices. The on-chip coprocessor is accessible from user space with a Linux kernel driver. An integration path exists all the way to end-user applications.

Field of study: Computer science, Mathematics
First decay scheme of 113Tc and identification of 113Rum

Very neutron–rich fission products of the mass chain A=113 obtained from the IGISOL on–line mass separator have been investigated by γγ coincidence techniques and γ-spectra multiscaling. Gamma–rays following β–decay of 113Tc have been observed for the first time and a new 0.5 s isomeric state has been found in 113Ru.

Field of study: Physics
Development of an instrument to measure professionalism.

To develop and validate an instrument that measures professionalism among pharmacy students and recent graduates.



A pharmacy professionalism survey instrument developed by a focus group was pretested and then administered to all first-year pharmacy students enrolled in the University of Georgia College of Pharmacy and to recent pharmacy graduates who were taking the preparation course for the Georgia Pharmacy Law Examination and North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination. Participants were asked to indicate the extent to which they agreed or disagreed with each of 32 items using a 5-point Likert scale.



One hundred thirty first-year pharmacy students and 101 pharmacy graduates participated in the survey. Statistical analysis identified 6 factors (subscales), which were later named excellence, respect for others, altruism, duty, accountability, and honor/integrity, the 6 tenets of professionalism. Item to total correlations ranged from 0.25 to 0.57 on the 6 factors (subscales), and reliability estimates ranged from 0.72 to 0.85 for the 6 factors and total scale.



The Pharmacy Professionalism Instrument measures the 6 tenets of professionalism and exhibits satisfactory reliability measures. Future studies using this scale in other pharmacy populations are needed.

Field of study: Education, Medicine
Ternary LixTiO2 phases from insertion reactions

Lithium insertion reactions in the various close packed TiO2 frameworks is discussed. Preliminary neutron diffraction powder profile analysis data is presented for the lithium inserted anatase Li0.5TiO2, the spinel LiTi2O4, and the lithiated spinel Li2Ti2O4. A simple model based on minimizing cation repulsion is used to rationalize the structures and diffusion of lithium.

Field of study: Materials science
Long-term acclimatization of hydraulic properties, xylem conduit size, wall strength and cavitation resistance in Phaseolus vulgaris in response to different environmental effects.

Phaseolus vulgaris grown under various environmental conditions was used to assess long-term acclimatization of xylem structural characteristics and hydraulic properties. Conduit diameter tended to be reduced and 'wood' density (of 'woody' stems) increased under low moisture ('dry'), increased soil porosity ('porous soil') and low phosphorus ('low P') treatments. Dry and low P had the largest percentage of small vessels. Dry, low light ('shade') and porous soil treatments decreased P50 (50% loss in conductivity) by 0.15-0.25 MPa (greater cavitation resistance) compared with 'controls'. By contrast, low P increased P50 by 0.30 MPa (less cavitation resistance) compared with porous soil (the control for low P). Changes in cavitation resistance were independent of conduit diameter. By contrast, changes in cavitation resistance were correlated with wood density for the control, dry and porous soil treatments, but did not appear to be a function of wood density for the shade and low P treatments. In a separate experiment comparing control and porous soil plants, stem hydraulic conductivity (kh), specific conductivity (ks), leaf specific conductivity (LSC), total pot water loss, plant biomass and leaf area were all greater for control plants compared to porous soil plants. Porous soil plants, however, demonstrated higher midday stomatal conductance to water vapour (gs), apparently because they experienced proportionally less midday xylem cavitation.

Field of study: Environmental science
Countermeasures Exploration of State-owned Commercial Banks in the Context of Internet Financial Model

In recent years, with the development of e-commerce, Internet financial model continuously develops and flourishes, especially the "financial online"， this pattern develops rapidly. The rapid development of this kind of financial model brought a huge challenge to the traditional banking sector, this challenge greatly influence on state-owned commercial banks. This paper first describes the development of the Internet financial status and third-party payment, such as Internet banking and Internet banking sales of the main characteristics and how to operate. Then by using the SWOT method to analyze the state-owned commercial banks facing in the Internet financial mode of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges. Finally from enlarging advantages, avoiding disadvantages and traditional bank financial models and new financial aspects put forward the mutual fusion of commercial banks in the context of the Internet financial strategies and prospects for development.

Field of study: Engineering
Connectedness within Social Contexts: The Relation to Adolescent Health.

International studies have shown that the more developmental assets adolescents possess, the greater their likelihood of engaging in health-enhancing practices and the lesser their likelihood of engaging in practices that put health at risk. Logistic regressions were conducted on data from the 2000-2001 National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) for 12- to 15-year-old Canadian youth to examine which of five assets accounts for the most variance in positive health outcomes and participation in risky health behaviours. Connectedness within social contexts, particularly to family and school, was associated with several self-reported positive health outcomes and behaviours (excellent or very good health, high self-worth, and less alcohol, tobacco and marijuana use). Connectedness among peers was associated with better self-assessed health and higher self-worth but also with more use of alcohol, tobacco and marijuana. A comprehensive approach to healthy youth development that emphasizes and increases positive relationships in these contexts may facilitate the transition of Canadian youth into healthy adulthood.

Field of study: Medicine, Political science
ПРИВАТИЗАЦИОННАЯ ПРОГРАММА 20142016 ГГ.: ФОРМАЛЬНЫЕ СДВИГИ И НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЕ ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ

Итоги действующей приватизационной программы, которая завершается в текущем году, находятся в тесной зависимости от того, как будет складываться ситуация в российской экономике в целом и конъюнктура фондового рынка в частности. В сопроводительных документах к правительственному законопроекту о федеральном бюджете на текущий год общие поступления средств от приватизации прогнозируются в 2016 г. в объеме более 33,2 млрд руб. Достижение таких величин представляется весьма проблематичным. Предполагаемая к получению бюджетом сумма приватизационных доходов сопоставима с аналогичной величиной за все 3 года действия приватизационной программы 2011–2013 гг. Однако тогда была совершенно другая экономико-политическая ситуации, радикально отличающаяся от ситуации последних двух лет (массированный отток капитала, введение разнообразных санкций, снижение обменного курса рубля, вероятность затягивания рецессии в отечественной экономике).

Field of study: Economics
Performance of UWB Systems with Direct-Sequence Bipolar Pulse Amplitude Modulation and RAKE Reception over IEEE 802.15.3a Channel

Direct-Sequence Pulse Amplitude Modulation (DS-PAM) has been widely proposed for Ultra-Wideband (UWB) communication systems because it provides better performance with low computational complexity. UWB signals suffer from severe multi-path interference when employed in indoor fading environments. But using RAKE reception can make use of the rich multi-path of UWB systems to improve system performance. In this paper we present the performance of a RAKE receiver employing maximal ratio combining (MRC) in a DS UWB system with BPAM modulation. Performance in a practical multi-path fading Channel (IEEE 802.15.3a Channel) is considered to analyze the performance of DS-PAM UWB systems with different RAKE receivers. The bit error rate (BER) of ARake, PRake, and SRake over DS-BPAM UWB systems is simulated. The results indicate that ARake has the best performance, SRake is better than PRake when the number of fingers is the same.

Field of study: Computer science
Saudi Airlines Service Quality: Passengers’ Perceptions toward SAUDIA Operational Procedures Pre-flight Services: An Empirical Investigation

The study aimed at assessing service quality (SQ) of Saudi Arabian Airlines (SAUDIA); the sole national air transporter in Saudi Arabia. Considering the SERVQUAL model developed by Parasuraman et al. (1985), the study used a developed scale dedicated to Airlines industry. The nine dimensions scale “ASQUAL” included: declaration practices, planning practices, front offices procedures, technological self-processes, crew practices, operational procedures, equipping processes, hospitality practices, and warranty procedures. Among those dimensions, this study focused on the ASQUAL sixth dimension: operational procedures. For this purpose, 502 questionnaires were collected and analyzed from different gender, passengers classes, educational levels, and ages. With its Eight factors, the operational procedures dimension used in this study and revealed that the passengers were in general unsatisfied about the quality of the operational procedures services (OPSQ) provided by SAUDIA. The measured factors were: Waiting Time (Counters Queue), Frequent Announcements (Final Boarding & Pre-flight), On-Time (Flight Departure), Waiting Time (Baggage Arrival). The other remaining factors were: Announcement (Guidance to Specific Baggage Carousel), Safety (Delivered Baggage), Announcement (Replacement for Delayed Flight), and Pre-announcement (Replacement for Canceled Flight / 7+ Days Prior). The study showed that there -at least- two operational services were unoffered by SAUDIA. The contributions of this study to the existent literature in services quality are assessed together with the contributions made to the air transport industry. The limitations of the study discussed, the recommendations addressed, and the potential for future research in this filed indicated.

Field of study: Business
On the use of digital computers

Let me say, right off, that I don't intend to give you a sales talk on how electronic computers will do all the observing for the experimental physicist and all the thinking for the theoretical physicist. That doesn't mean I think computers won't be of any use to us, however. They are tools, like cyclotrons and spectroscopes, which can help us carry on research but, as with any other tool, it's going to take a great deal of thought and ingenuity to realize their full potentialities. As with any of our other instruments, only those of us who take the time and trouble to learn thoroughly the computer's operations and its limitations will be able to exploit fully its potentialities.

Field of study: Physics
Clinical Control Study that VitaminB6 Alleviate Abserve Reaction of Gasreointestinal Tract That Azitromycin Inititate

When tile patients were treated with vitaminB6 and azitromycin by intravenous drip to see them alleviate the action of abserve reaction of gastrointestinal tract. To observe 200 cases of the patients with infective disease to be treated by azitromyoin from departemnt of pediatrics in january 2004 to december 2005. 100 cases among them are treating group to be treated by vitaminB6 and azitromvcin and another 100 cases amone them are control group to be treated by azi tromycin.Results incidence rate of abserve reaction of gastrointestinal tract of treating group is 29% and control group is 93% P0.01 to have significance difference. vitaminB6 have fairly good curative offecfive to preventive abserve reaction of gastrointestinal tract that azitromycin inititate.

Field of study: Medicine
A Survey of Power Quality Development Based on the Method of Information Visualization

In order to dig out the research hotspots in the field of power quality knowledge at home and abroad and predict its future development trend. Using the method of information visualization and Cite Space information visualization software, this paper analyzes the related literature of power quality research in the 2007-2017year CNKI and Web of Science database and draws the knowledge atlas of the transformation knowledge map of the quotation structure at home and abroad and the co-cited knowledge map of the WOS literature and analyzes the domestic and foreign literature. The results show that the research hot spots in the field of power quality research at home and abroad are basically identical, and they all pay more attention to the problems of power quality control, such as harmonic, voltage sags and power quality disturbance recognition, but the development trend at home and abroad is slightly different.

Field of study: Engineering