nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Combined geological and gravimetric mapping and modelling for an improved understanding of observed high-resolution gravity variations: a case study for the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP) station Moxa, Germany

Geodynamic observatories around the globe continuously monitor signals like gravity, tilt and strain as a function of time. However, global signals are often masked by local effects, caused by the direct surroundings of the station, including the local geological setting. This link is well established for superconducting gravimeters (SG) that observe the gravity field variations at very high resolution. An enhancement of the SG time series by the application of local correction is exemplarily shown here in a very practicable procedure for the Geodynamic Observatory Moxa, Germany. We show how the combination of geological and gravimetrical mapping and modelling around Moxa results in a significant correction of the original gravity data, as can be proven by comparison with the satellite-derived gravity field. Detailed geological mapping of the observatory surroundings, including measurements of fold axes, foliations and joints, was the basis of the present study. The fold structure in the area of interest was interpreted by geometrical 3D modelling. The complete representation of different rock types in space also provides a better understanding of the local hydro-geological situation. Using a combination of the 3D geological model with the high-resolution Bouguer map of the observatory surroundings, we developed a 3D density model. This model enables the correction of small gravity effects caused by mass variations close to the SG, in particular local hydro-geological mass changes. Thus, the procedure presented here, based on a close connection of geology and gravimetry, is a powerful tool for the reduction of local gravity effects on SG recordings. It should be applicable to SG stations worldwide, where similar hydrologically driven mass changes can be assumed.

Field of study: Environmental science
SEMISIMPLE GROUP (AND LOOP) ALGEBRAS OVER FINITE FIELDS

We determine the structure of the semisimple group algebra of certain groups over the rationals and over those finite fields that pro- duce the fewest number of simple components. We use this information to obtain similar information about the loop algebras of indecomposable RA loops and observe that the isomorphism problem has the same neg- ative answer for alternative loop algebras over all fields of characteristic not 2.

Field of study: Mathematics
Die gesondste uiers in Wes-Kaap!

Keyser Boerdery in die Heidelberg-distrik, is tydens die Megaweek op Bredasdorp aangewys as die kudde met die laagste somatiese seltelling (SST) in die Wes-Kaap vir 2007. Hierdie is 'n besondere eer en is die gevolg van grootmoedige besluite en streng dissipline.

Field of study: Agricultural and Food sciences
Direct electrochemical studies of hydrogenase and CO dehydrogenase.

The reduction potentials of two relatively high-molecular-mass enzymes were determined directly at an edge pyrolytic graphite electrode by using square-wave voltammetry. The equilibrium reduction potential versus standard hydrogen electrode was determined for Clostridium pasteurianum hydrogenase I (E'0 = -377 +/- 10 mV; molecular mass 60 kDa) and Rhodospirillum rubrum carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (E'0 = -418 +/- 7 mV; molecular mass 62 kDa). The reduction potential of each enzyme was pH-independent, and one electron was transferred per redox centre. The reduction potential was determined to be identical for the CO dehydrogenase, semi-apo-(CO dehydrogenase), and CO dehydrogenase with carbonyl sulphide (COS) or cyanide bound. The electron-transferring efficiency of CO dehydrogenase was affected by two inhibitors, COS and cyanide, as indicated by a diminished analytic current.

Field of study: Biology, Computer science
1-Soliton solution of the Klein-Gordon-Zakharov equation with power law nonlinearity

This paper obtains the 1-soliton solution of the Klein–Gordon–Zakharov equation with power law nonlinearity. The solutions are obtained both in (1+1) and (1+2) dimensions. The solitary wave Ansatz method is applied to obtain the solution. The numerical simulations are included that supports the analysis.

Field of study: Mathematics
The Feature Extraction of the Weak Damping Low-frequency Oscillation Mode Based on WAMS and Inverse Iteration/Rayleigh Quotient Iteration

The method for analysis on-line and control of low frequency oscillations in power system dispatch operations is based on the pattern matching,the extraction of the natural oscillation mode is the key step of the method.This paper proposes a practical method for extraction of the natural oscillation mode in interconnection power system.According to the statistics of small disturbance events with WAMS system,the system natural oscillation modes were determined,the estimate value of the oscillation modes eigenvalue is obtained through the prony analysis,it is used to be the initial transfer point of Inverse Iteration/Rayleigh Quotient Iteration.Through that the natural oscillation mode in the large-scale interconnected system is obtained,then the detailed modal analysis is taken.Finally,using actual case demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed method.

Field of study: Engineering, Physics
Autoantibodies and related immunity of leprosy patients from leprosarium in Taiwan.

Autoantibodies and related immunological examinations were measured in 60 leprosy patients from a leprosarium in Taiwan. Thirty-one lepromatous type, 24 tuberculoid type and 5 borderline type patients were identified. The measured autoantibodies included antinuclear antibodies, anti-nDNA, anti-cardiolipin and rheumatoid factor. Serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation were also performed to detect the monoclonal and polyclonal status of immunoglobulins. Circulating immune complex and complements were also quantitated. Delayed type skin tests were performed during patients' visits. A higher frequency of autoantibodies, especially the antinuclear antibodies and anticardiolipin antibodies, were detected in lepromatous type patients. Higher levels of circulating immune complex and frequency of polyclonal and monoclonal gammopathy were also noted in lepromatous type patients. Anergy skin tests were only noted in lepromatous type patients. It was concluded that the more impared cell-mediated immunity in leprosy patients, with lepromatous type in particular, the greater the production of autoantibodies.

Field of study: Biology
The optimal growth of the firm in a growing environment

The paper presents a growth model based on three essential assumptions: perfect knowledge of the future, descreasing returns on investment in a stagnant economy, appearance of new investment possibilities with the growth of the economy. Two cases are considered: the self-financing growth and the borrowing situation in the context of two management policies, the maximization of the discounted flow of dividends and the maximization of the growth rate.

Field of study: Economics
AN ANALYSIS OF INSTITUTIONAL PRESS IN A COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

This study analyzed College Characteristics Index data for 207 students enrolled in a college of business administration to determine institutional press. The obtained scores were compared with Stern's normative sample. Mean scores for College of Business Administration (CBA) and Arts (A) and Sciences (S) samples were analyzed in terms of the t ratio to determine the degree of press. No significant variance appeared for the groups in Work-Play, Group Life, and Academic Organization. In Non-Vocational Climate and Student Dig nity significant differences appeared favoring the A and S sample. Mean scores for all other factors favored the CBA students. Press related to courses showed no threat. Factors related to Social Life interest the students only to a minor degree.

Field of study: Education
Free Trade Agreements and Offshoring

Public opinion on the economy and trade policies played an important role in Trump’s victories in both the Republican primary and the general election. Trump emphasized these issues – particularly the connection between job loss and international trade – throughout his campaign.” So concluded Professors Blendon, Casey, and Benson (2017) in a recent Challenge article, after analysis of a plethora of polling data. Since becoming President, Trump has obtained the agreement of the Mexican and Canadian governments to renegotiate NAFTA, and has withdrawn the U.S. from the process for reaching a Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement. With free trade agreements, offshoring, and jobs continuing to be hot-button issues in the U.S. political process, there are three key issues that members of the attentive public should keep in mind as they form their own opinions about what the content of U.S. trade policy should be. Most of the gains from free trade do not derive from offshoring, but from other aspects of trade. Since World War Two up to very recently, most U.S. economists, and government officials dealing with trade have unquestionably accepted the standard narrative of the effects of free trade (familiar to every Econ 100 student):

Field of study: Economics
Clues to the

We use cosmological simulations from the Aquarius Project to study the orbital history of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and its potential association with other satellites of the Milky Way (MW). We search for dynamical analogs to the LMC and find a subhalo that matches the LMC position and velocity at either of its two most recent pericentric passages. This suggests that the LMC is not necessarily on its first approach to the MW, provided that the virial mass of the Milky Way is M_200 ~1.8e12 M_sun. The simulation results yield specific predictions for the position and velocity of systems associated with the LMC prior to infall. If on first approach, most should lie close to the LMC because the Galactic tidal field has not yet had enough time to disperse them. If on second approach, the list of potential associates increases substantially. Interestingly, our analysis rules out an LMC association for Draco and Ursa Minor, two of the dwarf spheroidals suggested by Lynden-Bell & Lynden-Bell to form part of the "Magellanic Ghostly Stream". Our results also indicate that the direction of the orbital angular momentum is a powerful test of LMC association. This test, however, requires precise proper motions, which are unavailable for most MW satellites. Of the 4 satellites with published proper motions, only the Small Magellanic Cloud is clearly associated with the LMC. Taken at face value, the proper motions of Carina, Fornax and Sculptor rule them out as potential associates, but this conclusion should be revisited when better data become available. The dearth of satellites clearly associated with the Clouds might be solved by wide-field imaging surveys that target its surroundings, a region that may prove a fertile hunting ground for faint, previously unnoticed MW satellites.

Field of study: Physics
Experiment of the Monitoring the Life-cycle External Prestressed Members Under Static Loading

In this paper, based on the feasible method and technique for full-scale prestressed monitor, the novel optical fiber sensors and the traditional monitoring sensors will be set up into two prestressed concrete beams with same geometrical and physical conditions to investigate the working state of the new sensors and obtain the prestress evolution of the external prestressed feature component under the static load. the results show that the prestressing evolution of loaded beam under the condition of no damage state and initial crack is same as the non loaded one, however the prestressing loss increases with the time under the condition with the limit crack. The prestressing loss of prestressed beam with the limit crack is 36.4% of the total loss. The prestressing loss of the external prestressed member under the static load increases with the development of the crack (

Field of study: Engineering
Haplotypes of IL-12Rβ1 impact on the clinical phenotype of hidradenitis suppurativa.

Antigen presentation in chronic skin disorders is mediated through the interleukin (IL)-12/IL-23 pathway and, hence, through the IL-12 receptor. Recent evidence suggesting dysregulated antigen presentation in skin lesions of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) led to investigate the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the gene IL-12RB1 coding for the IL12-Rβ1 receptor subunit. Genomic DNA was isolated from 139 patients and 113 healthy controls; nine SNPs in the transcribed region of IL12RB1 were genotyped. No significant differences of genotype and allele frequencies were found between the two groups. Two common haplotypes were recognized, namely h1 and h2. Carriage of h2 related with minor frequency alleles was associated with a greater risk for the acquisition of Hurley III disease stage and with the involvement of a greater number of skin areas. Patients with the h1 haplotype presented disease at an older age. This is the genetic study enrolling the largest number of patients with HS to date. Although SNPs of IL12RB1 do not seem to convey genetic predisposition, they are associated directly with the phenotype of the disease.

Field of study: Medicine
Residual Strength and Deformation Recovery of RC Beams Strengthened with FRPs Plates under the Sustained Load

In this paper, in order to estimate efficacy, creep recovery, and residual strength of Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) strengthened Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams, long-term flexural experiments and static flexural experiments were carried out. For the long-term experiments, the beams were strengthened with a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) plate and a Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) plate respectively. The beams were placed under sustained loads for about 550 days. After the 550 days, all of the beams were unloaded for the measurement of deformation recovery. The deflection and strains of rebars and FRPs reinforcements were measures for about 60 days. As the result of long-terms experiment, the beams strengthened with CFRP plate showed a better performance in terms of deflection and strains of rebars. And the strengthened RC beams were very effective in terms of deflection control. Furthermore, the strengthened beams have shown immediate deformation recovery. Through the static flexural experiments, it was shown that the CFRP strengthened beam had high residual strength. It seems that the sustained loads did not affect bond and residual strength of the beams.

Field of study: Materials science
Key research issues of coastal storm analysis

Taking into consideration the changing climate, researchers are mainly interested in measuring this change in many different sectors. Regarding the coastal areas, the effects are related inter alias to the sea level rise, but also the increase and the severity of storms incidence. In conjunction with the astronomical tide, coastal storms can cause extreme wave runup and overtopping phenomena in ports, and coastal structures, the consequences of which may be disastrous, mainly affecting the operation and the reliability of infrastructure. Consequently, the analysis of coastal storms is necessary for any future technical study in coastal engineering, for the design of port and coastal structures and the coastal management also. Coastal storms as multivariate and extreme events necessitate a detailed and multivariate analysis of many parameters. This work aims to review and highlight the most significant issues in coastal storm analysis, to summarise the knowledge and the current trends of coastal storms research, by exploring the scientific background through a literature overview. A guiding framework of storm analysis should include the most important aspects of this work which are: the coastal storm definition, the description of their severity, the understanding of the synoptic systems formation, the storm surges and the time-series analysis, the thresholds for their identification, the impacts, their classification, and finally the impacts of coastal storms on coastal human population.

Field of study: Environmental science
Application of small amplitude cyclic voltammetry for the investigation of Naβ-alumina/metallic electrode interface electric properties

The use of small amplitude cyclic voltammetry for investigation of the β-alumina/metallic electrode interface is proposed. Voltammetric curve analysis is based on the electric circuit consisting of three elements. The plots of the reciprocal of capacity determined from voltammograms versus the reciprocal of voltage sweep period square root are extrapolated to obtain the limiting value of capacity. This limit corresponds to C LF obtained in the ac impedance technique. This method can be mostly useful when the low frequency limit in impedance measurements is insufficient for exact determination of capacitive components of the electric equivalent circuit.

Field of study: Materials science
Analysis of the structure of world sports competition from the perspective of the medal list of Beijing Olympic Games

The medal list of Olympic Games generally reflects the overall strength of participating countries,as well as the rough competition structure and development trend of world sport in an intuitive and clear way.By analyzing statistics in the medal list of the 29th Olympic Games,the authors revealed the following findings:1) no major changes have occurred to the overall competition structure of world sport;2) Europe is still the center of world competitive sport;3) world sport maintains such a trend of polarization as "the strong becomes stronger,the weak stays weak,and the difference between the strong and the weak is significant";4) world sport is in a transmutation period of polarization escalation and order reconstruction.

Field of study: Education
High-speed and high-sensitivity displacement measurement with phase-locked low-coherence interferometry.

A novel high-speed and high-sensitivity displacement measurement sensing system, based on the phase-locked low-coherence interferometry, is presented. The sensing system is realized by comprising the Michelson fiber-optic interferometer. In order to obtain quadrature signals at the interferometer outputs, a 3×3 fused silica fiber-optic directional coupler is used. Therefore, the usage of the interferometer phase modulation as well as the usage of the lock-in amplification has been avoided. In this way, the speed of such a realized sensing system is significantly increased in comparison with the standard phase-locked interferometric systems that can be found elsewhere in the literature. The bandwidth of the realized sensing system is limited by the first resonance frequency of the used piezo actuator to 4.6 kHz. The estimated noise floor in the displacement measurement is approximately 180  pm/√Hz.

Field of study: Physics
CENTRIFUGE SHAKING TABLE TEST ON SINGLE PILE IN LATERAL SPREADING SOIL

Dynamic centrifuge model tests on single pile foundation in sloping liquefiable ground were conducted to investigate the behavior of pile foundations in liquefiable soil during earthquakes.Acceleration and excess pore pressure of the foundation and moment of the pile were measured and recorded during the test.Test results showed the top of the ground liquefied and excess pore pressure patterns varied with the depth.Upon liquefaction,soil filtered out high frequency contents of the earthquake,reducing the maximum acceleration of the earthquake.The maximum moment of the pile occurred after initial liquefaction at the pile head.Relatively large residual moment was observed in the pile after the excitation.These results indicate that the response of piles varies in the three different stages including pre-liquefaction,post-liquefaction and lateral ground displacement after earthquakes,and further studies should consider these differences.This research enhanced the understanding of pile responses during earthquake,and would provide basis for further investigation into the soil-pile-structure interaction mechanism in liquefiable soil.

Field of study: Engineering
Bilateral Suprascapular Nerve Entrapment by Ganglion Cyst Associated with Superior Labral Lesion

Suprascapular nerve compression is a rare cause of shoulder pain. We report the clinical features, radiological findings, arthroscopic management and outcome of three patients with suprascapular nerve compression caused by labral ganglion cyst associated with SLAP lesion. We performed simultaneous suture anchor SLAP repair and cyst decompression with a blunt probe. Upon a two-year follow-up, patients recovered full shoulder function without pain or limitations in activities of daily living.

Field of study: Medicine
Web-based Data Mining Technology

Web-based data mining is a hot research topic which combines two research aeras: data mining and World Wide Web.In this paper,the most recgonized approach is to categorize Web mining into three areas:Web content mining,Web structure mining,Web usage mining.According to the current and future of Web mining , this paper summanies several research issues.Because of the semi-structured data feature,Web mining is more difficult and quite different from the traditional database-based data mining.Finally we well introduces a new technology of XML. The appearance of XML brings chance to solve the problem of Web-based data mining. The research of Web-mining will meet with a lot of challenges. But on the same time the research has great potential.

Field of study: Computer science
Conceptualization and Measurement of Argumentativeness: A Decade Later

The factor structure as well as criterion-related validity of Argumentativeness were examined in three independent samples (N = 811) with correlations including confirmatory factor analysis. Factor scores show that Approach-oriented and Avoidance-oriented Argumentativeness are negatively correlated. In addition, a factor of Evaluation of Argumentative Skills was established for self-ratings and peer-ratings. Scores on Avoidance-oriented Argumentativeness correlate strongly with Compliance and scores on Approach-oriented Argumentativeness correlate low with Assertiveness. Scores of Approach-oriented Argumentativeness correlate with Openness to Experience from the NEO-Five Factor Inventory and scores of Avoidance-oriented Argumentativeness with Neuroticism. Self-evaluations and evaluations by two independent raters in an adult sample were positively correlated.

Field of study: Psychology
Fixed Agenda Social Choice Theory: Correspondence and Impossibility Theorems for Social Choice Correspondences and Social Decision Functions

Most impossibility results in the theory of social choice require that the collective choice rule operates on many different subsets of the universal set of alternatives. This paper shows that there is a close correspondence between this framework and a fixed agenda framework, i.e., one where it is only necessary to choose from one particular set of alternatives. It also shows that Arrow′s Impossibility Theorem and Gibbard′s oligarchy result can be translated into a fixed agenda framework.

Field of study: Economics