nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 infection in pregnancy and its outcome in a rural tertiary care centre of West Bengal

SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy and its adverse outcome on the mother as well on the fetus is emerging as an important concern, but knowledge about the prognosis is limited In our prospective observational study total of 56 pregnant women admitted in the isolation ward of our institution were included All women were presented with common symptoms like fever, tiredness, headache, sore throat, and cough Three women diagnosed SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 positive by Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTPCR) examination of the nasopharyngeal swab All three neonates were tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection The three mothers also recovered with routine care and returned home after 7 days with advice for a safe home for further 7 days SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy mostly appears inthe later part of pregnancy and management is almost like the general population There is no increased risk of severe disease during pregnancy Neonates are mostly protected from disease transmission due to immune modulation during pregnancy

Field of study: Biology, Chemistry, Physics
Genetic linkage analysis, clinical features and prognosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in Northern Ireland.

Fifteen families with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease were analysed for coinheritance of the disease and DNA markers flanking the PKD1 locus. Eleven families demonstrated linkage to PKD1 markers. Two families were unlinked to the PKD1 locus (non-PKD1) and in two families the markers were uninformative. The clinical features and prognosis of 49 subjects with a PKD1 genotype were compared with 17 non-PKD1 subjects. The age at diagnosis in non-PKD1 subjects (37 +/- 11 years) was significantly later than PKD1 subjects (25 +/- 13 years, p < 0.001). Only two (12%) non-PKD1 subjects presented initially with clinical features of autosomal polycystic kidney disease compared to 27 (55%) of PKD1 subjects (p < 0.002). Hypertension was more common in PKD1 compared to non-PKD1 subjects (29% vs. 12%), as was stage renal failure (25% vs. 6%). Seventy-five percent of non-PKD1 subjects had not developed end-stage renal failure by the age of 54 years compared to only 35% of PKD1 subjects. Most families with autosomal polycystic kidney disease in this population have disease due to mutations at the PKD1 locus. However, the proportion of non-PKD1 families appears to be higher than estimates for other populations. This study also confirms initial reports that subjects with a non-PKD1 genotype have a milder disease with a better prognosis than those with a PKD1 genotype.

Field of study: Medicine
Korelasi Sarana Dan Prasarana Serta Lingkungan Sekolah Dengan Prestasi Belajar Prakarya Dan Kewirausahaan Siswa Kelas XI SMK N 2 Denpasar Tahun 2017/2018

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh sarana prasarana pendidikan dan lingkungan sekolah terhadap prestasi belajar prakarya dan kewirausahaan siswa Kelas XI SMK Negeri 2 Denpasar tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan menunjukkan X1 (Sarana Prasarana Pendidikan) terhadap Y (Prestasi Belajar Prakarya Dan Kewirausahaan) dengan menggunakan analisis data Product Moment diperoleh 0,692 dan nilai t hitung 37,266 > 1,6 maka Ho yang diajukan ditolak dan Ha diterima sehingga Ha menyatakan. Hasil perhitungan X2 (lingkungan sekolah) terhadap Y (Prestasi Belajar Prakarya Dan Kewirausahaan) dengan menggunakan analisis data Product Moment diperoleh 0,532 dan nilai t hitung 31,048 > 1,6 maka Ho yang diajukan ditolak dan Ha diterima sehingga Ha menyatakan. Hasil perhitungan X1 (Sarana Prasaran Pendidikan) dan X2 (Lingkungan Sekolah) terhadap Y (Prestasi Belajar Prakarya Dan Kewirausahaan) dengan menggunakan analisis data Product Moment diperoleh 0,962 dan nilai F hitung 997,244 > 3,1 maka Ho yang diajukan ditolak dan Ha diterima sehingga Ha menyatakan, Sumbangan Relatif (SR) untuk masing-masing prediktor yaitu prediktor X1 sebesar 47,85% dan prediktor X2 sebesar 28,12%. Sedangkan sumbangan efektif prediktor X1 sebesar 44,31% dan sumbangan efektif prediktor X2 sebesar 26,05%

Field of study: Sociology
Functional cerebral asymmetry and sexual orientation in men and women.

Functional cerebral asymmetry was assessed in 32 gay men and 32 heterosexual men and in 30 lesbians and 30 heterosexual women with a linguistic dichotic listening test. All groups showed the typical greater right-ear accuracy and, by inference, left-hemisphere representation for language functions. As shown repeatedly in previous studies (e.g., M. P. Bryden, 1982), among heterosexuals, consistent-right-handers showed greater perceptual asymmetry than did non consistent-right-handers. In contrast, gay men and lesbians did not show an association between hand preference and magnitude of perceptual asymmetry. The results indicate different patterns of functional cerebral asymmetry in gay men and lesbians compared with heterosexual people and specifically, less association between motoric and linguistic components of cerebral asymmetry. This suggestion of atypical patterns of functional asymmetries is consistent with previous results of an increased prevalence of left-hand preference among gay men and lesbians compared with the heterosexual population (C. M. McCormick, S. F. Witelson, & E. Kingstone, 1990; C. M. McCormick & S. F. Witelson, 1991). The finding of an association between aspects of functional asymmetry, a neurological characteristics likely present from birth, and sexual orientation suggests that a neurobiological factor is involved in the origins of sexual orientation.

Field of study: Biology, Psychology
A System for Generating the Trigger Signals of the Spaceborne GAMMA-400 Telescope

The GAMMA-400 space project is one of the new generation of space observatories designed to search for signs of dark matter in the cosmic gamma emission, and to measure the characteristics of diffuse gamma-ray emission and gamma-rays from the Sun during periods of solar activity; gamma-ray bursts; extended and point gamma-ray sources; and electron, positron, and cosmic-ray nuclei fluxes with energies in the TeV ranges. The GAMMA-400 γ-ray telescope constitutes the core of the scientific instrumentation. The nature of the intended experiments imposes stringent requirements on the gamma telescope’s system of trigger signal formation, now being developed using the state-of-the-art logic devices and fast data links. The design concept of the system is discussed, along with the chosen engineering solutions and some experimental results obtained during the operation of the system prototype using a positron beam with energies of 100–300 MeV from the PAKHRA S-25R synchrotron at the Lebedev Physical Institute.

Field of study: Physics
Boomerang Attack on Step-Reduced SHA-512

SHA-2 (SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384 and SHA-512) is hash function family issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2002 and is widely used all over the world. In this work, we analyze the security of SHA-512 with respect to boomerang attack. Boomerang distinguisher on SHA-512 compression function reduced to 48 steps is proposed, with a practical complexity of \(2^{51}\). A practical example of the distinguisher for 48-step SHA-512 is also given. As far as we know, it is the best practical attack on step-reduced SHA-512.

Field of study: Computer science, Mathematics
Research on Compound Casting Technology for Cast-steel Joint Castings

The low cost of the cast steel node casting compound casting technology research has very important significance. Based on castings cast steel node as the object of experimental research, probes into the core of castings, the cast-steel joints design, analyzed casting gating system, the cast-steel joints, and by means of the numerical simulation method, the compound of the cast steel node casting casting process is simulated and analyzed the various points in the solidification process. In this paper, the research for the low cost composite casting technology provides reference for further research.

Field of study: Materials science
Theory Choice in Economics: Philosophy and Practice

It is generally accepted that the construction and use of theories is an essential and ineliminable aspect of the pursuit of scientific knowledge.' It is also widely recognized that for any given phenomenon under study, there exist alternative theoretical frameworks by which it may be investigated. The question arises: How does one choose among such alternative frameworks in cases when two or more theories are offered in explanation of the same phenomenon?2 Is choice in such matters an entirely subjective affair, or are there objective criteria by which alternative theoretical constructions may be compared, evaluated, and ultimately ranked? In a phrase, does a set of canons for the rational appraisal of theories exist in science? The usual answer is that such canons do indeed exist, that there are well-known procedures for weighing the comparative strengths and weaknesses of competing theories. The criteria employed for theory choice are often divided into two categories: empirical and nonempirical or logical. Empirical criteria which have been popular with economists have been of two sorts: the examination of a theory's assumptions for testability and

Field of study: Economics
Bronchoprovocation test in the normal and in asthmatics.

The bronchoprovocation test has been widely used in diagnosis of bronchial asthma. Forty-eight cases under tentative diagnosis of bronchial asthma, with complaints of cough, shortness of breath, and wheezing, were studied by using histamine and methacholine. Their baseline pulmonary functions were all normal. Among the Fourteen cases, histamine and methacholine provocation tests were both negative in 14 cases (29%) (Group 1). There were 18 cases (37%) of allergic asthmatics with positive challenge to either histamine (2 cases) or methacholine (1 case) or both (15 cases) (Group 2). There were 16 cases (34%) of nonallergic asthmatics with positive challenge to either histamine (2 cases) or methacholine (3 cases) or both (11 cases) (Group 3). In Group 2, the average PD20 FEV1 for methacholine and histamine was 25.8 +/- 8.2 BU and 22.9 +/- 7.1 BU respectively; the average PD25 FEF25-75 for methacholine and histamine was 19.4 +/- 7.0 BU and 21.1 +/- 7.1 BU respectively. The sensitivities, compared between both agents, were nearly the same. In Group 3, the average PD20 FEV1 for methacholine and histamine was 35.1 +/- 9.0 BU and 54.5 +/- 9.6 BU respectively; the average PD25 FEF25-75 for methacholine and histamine was 27.9 +/- 8.6 BU and 50.2 +/- 9.6 BU respectively. Methacholine is more sensitive in detecting airway hyperreactivity in this group. When these two groups of asthmatics were compared, Group 2 patients were more sensitive to challenges with histamine and methacholine (p less than 0.02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Field of study: Biology
Sanguinarine inhibits Rac1b-rendered cell survival enhancement by promoting apoptosis and blocking proliferation

Small GTPase Rac1 is a member of the Ras superfamily, which plays important roles in regulation of cytoskeleton reorganization, cell growth, proliferation, migration, etc. The aim of this study was to determine how a constitutively active Rac1b regulated cell proliferation and to investigate the effects of the Rac1b inhibitor sanguinarine.Three HEK293T cell lines stably overexpressing GFP, Rac1-GFP or Rac1b-GFP were constructed by lentiviral infection. The cells were treated with sanguinarine (1 μmol/L) or its analogue berberine (1 μmol/L) for 4 d. Cell proliferation was evaluated by counting cell numbers and with a BrdU incorporation assay. The levels of cleaved PARP-89 (an apoptosis marker) and cyclin-D1 (a proliferative index) were measured using Western blotting.In 10% serum-containing media, overexpressing either Rac1 or Rac1b did not significantly change the cell proliferation. In the serum-starved media, however, the survival rate of Rac1b cells was significantly increased, whereas that of Rac1 cells was moderately increased. The level of cleaved PARP-89 was significantly increased in serum-starved Rac1 cells, but markedly reduced in serum-starved Rac1b cells. The level of cyclin-D1 was significantly increased in both serum-starved Rac1 and Rac1b cells. Treatment with sanguinarine, but not berberine, inhibited the proliferation of Rac1b cells, which was accompanied by significantly increased the level of PARP-89, and decreased both the level of cyclin-D1 and the percentage of BrdU positive cells.Rac1b enhances the cell proliferation under a growth-limiting condition via both anti-apoptotic and pro-proliferative mechanisms. Sanguinarine, as the specific inhibitor of Rac1b, is a potential therapeutic agent for malignant tumors with up-regulated Rac1b.

Field of study: Biology, Chemistry, Medicine
Reasoning as an Associative Process: II. “Direction” in Problem Solving as a Function of Prior Reinforcement of Relevant Responses

Several studies are described in which relevant patterns of verbal associations, set up by learning in the first stage of the experiment, are shown to be associated with the frequencies of certain types of solution in the Maier two string and hat rack problems. It is also shown, in the case of a simple verbal problem, that problem solution requiring choice of members of a chain of free associations is affected by prior reinforcement of one member of the chain. These investigations are interpreted as giving support to and indicating the fruitfulness of a conception of set or direction in problem solving as consisting of complex response systems or habit families.

Field of study: Psychology
The Rise of multinationals in continental Europe

Part 1: Continental European multinationals 1850-1992, Geoffrey Jones continuity and change - German foreign direct investment 1850-1990, Harm G. Schroter Swiss multinational enterprise in historical perspective, Harm G. Schroter outward bound - the rise of Dutch multinationals, B.P.A. Gales securing the markets - Swedish multinationals in a historical perspective, Ulf Olsson the multinational companies of Norway, Fritz Hodne. Part 2: the German electrotechnical industry in the Italian market before the Second World War, Peter Hertner the internationalization of West German banks, 1945-1987, Richard Tilly the development of Pirelli as an Italian multinational 1872-1992, A. Montenegro Agfa-Gevaert and Belgian multinational enterprise, Greta Devos.

Field of study: Economics, History
Bending Rigidity of an Inflated Circular Cylindrical Membrane of Rubbery Materials

A system of linear constitutive equations is presented for a class of deformation of membranes of rubbery materials characterized by smallness of strains and superimposed upon a known state of finite deformation. The equations are applied to an inflated circular cylindrical membrane subjected to pure bending. In the analysis, the wrinkling of the membrane is taken into account. The numerical results indicate that the bending rigidity of the inflated circular cylindrical membrane increases as the internal pressure increases, and that it is preserved substantially even after the wrinkling occurs if a relatively high internal pressure is applied.

Field of study: Physics
Voltage-dependent Potassium Channels Kv1.3 and Kv1.5 in Human Fetus

Voltage-dependent K+ channels (Kv) control repolarization and membrane potential in electrically excitable cells. In addition, Kv channels are involved in the maintenance of vascular smooth muscle tone, insulin release, epithelial K+ transport, cell proliferation and leukocyte activation. Kv1.3 and Kv1.5 are widely distributed throughout the body and are involved in a variety of physiological processes taking place in the immune system, brain and muscle. Since the developmental pattern of Kv channels has an essential role in the maturing human, we aimed to study Kv1.3 and Kv1.5 channels in 8-10 week human fetal tissues. We chose that gestational age because all organs are in place and the nervous system, although not fully developed. However, the human embryo is undergoing major changes, which will lead to a defined adult pattern. Our results indicated that numerous tissues expressed Kv1.3 and Kv1.5. While Kv1.3 overlapped with the central and peripheral nervous systems, Kv1.5 was mostly localized in the central nervous system. In addition, both channels were abundantly expressed in the hematopoietic fetal liver. Finally, Kv1.5 heavily stained skeletal muscle and heart, whereas Kv1.3 was slightly present. This is the first study to analyze Kv1.3 and Kv1.5 in human during the beginning of fetal development.

Field of study: Biology, Chemistry
Multi-stage thrusting at the "Penninic Front" in the Western Alps between Mont Blanc and Pelvoux massifs

The different segments of the tectonic boundary between external (European) and internal (Penninic) units in the Western Alps, the so-called Penninic Front (PF), formed at different times and according to different kinematic scenarios. During a first episode (Eocene), the PF corresponds to a transpressive suture zone between Penninic and European units. North- to NNW-trending stretching lineations, found along internal nappe contacts within the Penninic units, are related to this episode. This subduction zone was sealed by the Priabonian flysch of the Aiguilles d'Arves, a detrital trench formation that formed during the final stages of subduction. During a second episode, starting in mid-Oligocene times, the PF, imaged along the ECORS-CROP profile, acted as a WNW-directed thrust. This thrust, the Roselend Thrust (RT), only partially coincides with the PF. South of Moûtiers, the RT propagates into the Dauphinois units, carrying the former Eocene PF (including the Priabonian flysch) passively in its hangingwall. South of the Pelvoux massif the RT finds its continuation along the "Briançonnais Front", an out-of-sequence thrust behind the Embrunais–Ubaye nappes. On a larger scale, our findings indicate oblique (sinistral) collision within the future Western Alps during the Eocene, followed by westward indentation of the Adriatic block.

Field of study: Environmental science
Налоговый маневр: ускорение экономического роста в ущерб бюджетной консолидации

Анализ динамики промышленного производства свидетельствует о продолжении снижения выпуска в обрабатывающих производствах, в то время как в добывающем секторе наметился устойчивый положительный тренд. Если в краткосрочной перспективе экономика не столкнется с новыми шоками условий торговли, существенным расширением санкций и финансовой нестабильностью появятся основания для осторожного оптимизма: общий индекс промышленного производство может оттолкнуться от «дна» уже к концу 2015 г.

Field of study: Economics
Improved charge transfer multiplet method to simulate M- and L-edge X-ray absorption spectra of metal-centered excited states.

Charge transfer multiplet (CTM) theory is a computationally undemanding and highly mature method for simulating the soft X-ray spectra of first-row transition metal complexes. However, CTM theory has seldom been applied to the simulation of excited-state spectra. In this article, the CTM4XAS software package is extended to simulate M2,3- and L2,3-edge spectra for the excited states of first-row transition metals and also interpret CTM eigenfunctions in terms of Russell-Saunders term symbols. These new programs are used to reinterpret the recently reported excited-state M2,3-edge difference spectra of photogenerated ferrocenium cations and to propose alternative assignments for the electronic state of these cations responsible for the spectroscopic features. These new programs were also used to model the L2,3-edge spectra of FeII compounds during nuclear relaxation following photoinduced spin crossover and to propose spectroscopic signatures for their vibrationally hot states.

Field of study: Physics
Exhaustion and Regeneration in 9/11 Speculative Fiction: Kris Saknussemm’s “Beyond The Flags” (2015)

Early 9/11 fiction has often been criticised for focusing too much on the victims and on the local aspects of the tragedy ignoring the global and political consequences of the attacks. 9/11 speculative fiction writers have taken longer to engage directly with the tragedy and when doing so they have also often adopted trauma-oriented approaches that could appease but not challenge. In 2015 Douglas Lain edited In the Shadow of the Towers: Speculative Fiction in a Post-9/11 World, a collection that shows how the idiom of the fantastic can be serious and meaningful and also a means to explore cultural anxieties in the United States. Within Lain‘s collection, this paper pays special attention to Kris Saknussemm‘s "Beyond the Flags," a story that combines cultural anxieties of our time and helps readers confront their own contradictions by questioning accepted assumptions like the sacred nature of the victims or the expected patriotism following a national tragedy. It also suggests new ways in which speculative fiction can offer original approaches to regenerate 9/11 fiction.  Los primeros ejemplos de ficcion del 11 de septiembre se han criticado a menudo por centrarse demasiado en las victimas y en los aspectos locales de la tragedia ignorando las consecuencias politicas y globales de los ataques. Los escritores de ficcion especulativa del 11 de septiembre han tardado mas en tratar la tragedia directamente y cuando lo han hecho han adoptado a menudo aproximaciones orientadas al trauma con el objetivo de pacificar mas que cuestionar. En 2015 Douglas Lain edito In the Shadow of the Towers: Speculative Fiction in a Post-9/11 World, una coleccion que demuestra que el idioma de lo fantastico puede ser serio y significativo ademas de un modo de explorar las ansiedades culturales en los Estados Unidos. Dentro de esta coleccion de Lain, este articulo presta especial atencion a la historia corta de Kris Saknussemm "Beyond the Flags," una historia que combina las ansiedades culturales actuales y ayuda a los lectores a enfrentarse a sus propias contradicciones puesto que hace que el lector se cuestione suposiciones aceptadas como la naturaleza sagrada de las victimas o el patriotismo esperable tras una tragedia nacional. La historia tambien sugiere nuevas maneras en que la ficcion especulativa puede ofrecer formas originales de regenerar la ficcion del 11 de septiembre.

Field of study: History
Improving K-means Clustering Method in Fault Diagnosis based on SOM Network

According to the problem of K value and initial cluster centers selection difficult on K-means clustering algorithm, form essential characteristics of the complex network, the fault samples can be abstracted into network nodes, and the connection between samples can be abstracted into edge, and then the network model of fault data can be established . Failure data network model is divided into several regions self-organizing feature map (SOM) network. K value can be determined from the maximum value which is selected in different division result by the use of community modularity at the same time. Complex network node correlation degrees can be calculated to select important nodes as initial clustering center, then by means of K-means clustering realizing clustering diagnosis. This study is applied to rolling bearing clustering the diagnosis examples and has good effect of fault diagnosis.

Field of study: Computer science