nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Cardiorespiratory fitness and aerobic performance adaptations to a 4 week sprint interval training in young healthy untrained females
Venue: Sport Sciences for Health

PurposeThe aim of this study was to test the effects of sprint interval training (SIT) on cardiorespiratory fitness and aerobic performance measures in young females.MethodsEight healthy, untrained females (age 21 1 years; height 165 5 cm; body mass 63 6 kg) completed cycling peak oxygen uptake \dot{V}\text{O}}_{2} $V.O2 peak) 10 km cycling time trial (TT) and critical power (CP) tests pre and post SIT. SIT protocol included 4 x 30 s "all out" cycling efforts against 7 body mass interspersed with 4 min of active recovery performed twice per week for 4 weeks (eight sessions in total).ResultsThere was no significant difference in \dot{V}\text{O}}_{2} $V.O2 peak following SIT compared to the control period (control period: 31.7 3.0 ml kg 1 min 1; post SIT: 30.9 4.5 ml kg 1 min 1; p 0.05) but SIT significantly improved time to exhaustion (TTE) (control period: 710 101 s; post SIT: 798 127 s; p 0.00) 10 km cycling TT (control period: 1055 129 s; post SIT: 997 110 s; p 0.004) and CP (control period: 1.8 0.3 W kg 1; post SIT: 2.3 0.6 W kg 1; p 0.01).ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that young untrained females are responsive to SIT as measured by TTE, 10 km cycling TT and CP tests. However, eight sessions of SIT over 4 weeks are not enough to provide sufficient training stimulus to increase \dot{V}\text{O}}_{2} $V.O2 peak.
Orbital symmetry selective spin characterization of Dirac cone like state on W(110)

The surface of W(110) exhibits a spin orbit induced Dirac cone like surface state, which is of mainly {d}_{{z}{2} orbital character near \overline{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma} although it is strongly influenced by the twofold \mathrm{C}}_{2v} surface symmetry. Its distinctive k dependent spin polarization along \overline{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}\overline{\mathrm{H} is revealed by spin and angle resolved photoemission excited with $p$ and $s$ polarized light. The spin texture of the surface state is found to change sign upon switching from $p$ to $s$ polarized light. Based on electronic structure calculations, this behavior is explained by the orbital composition of the Dirac cone like state. The dominant part of the state has even mirror symmetry and is excited by $p$ polarized light. A minor part with odd symmetry is excited by $s$ polarized light and exhibits a reversed spin polarization. Our study demonstrates in which way spin orbit interaction combines the spin degree of freedom with the orbital degree of freedom and opens a way to manipulate the spin information gathered from the Dirac cone like surface state by light. Our results prove that `spin control' is not restricted to topological surface states with $p$ type orbital symmetry in topological insulators.
Observation of the anisotropic Dirac cone in the band dispersion of 112 structured iron based superconductor Ca0.9La0.1FeAs2

CaFeAs2 is a parent compound of recently discovered 112 type iron based superconductors. It is predicted to be a staggered intercalation compound that naturally integrates both quantum spin Hall insulating and superconducting layers and an ideal system for the realization of Majorana modes. We performed a systematical angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first principle calculation study of the slightly electron doped CaFeAs2. We found that the zigzag As chain of 112 type iron based superconductors play a considerable role in the low energy electronic structure, resulting in the characteristic Dirac cone like band dispersion as the prediction. Our experimental results further confirm that these Dirac cones only exists around the X but not Y points in the Brillouin zone, breaking the S4 symmetry at iron sites. Our findings present the compelling support to the theoretical prediction that the 112 type iron based superconductors might host the topological nontrivial edge states. The slightly electron doped CaFeAs2 would provide us a unique opportunity to realize and explore Majorana fermion physics.
PENGARUH PROFESIONALISME, GENDER DAN KOMPLEKSITAS TUGAS TERHADAP AUDIT JUDGMENT AUDITOR INTERNAL PADA SATUAN PENGAWAS INTERNAL PERGURUAN TINGGI DI SUMATERA KONFLIK PERAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI

This study aims to look effect of professionalism, gender and complexity task of auditors judgment of internal audit in internal control unit of higher education in sumatra with role conflict as a moderating variable. The research was conducted on the Internal Audit Unit of the few universities in Sumatra This study time for 3 months commencing at the time of execution of this thesis. The population in this study is an internal auditor at the College in Sumatra. The sample in this study were all located on the Internal Auditor College in Sumatra. This study used a questionnaire as a primary data. Methods of data analysis used in this research is to use a simple linear regression based on the functional relationship or causal one independent variable with the dependent variable. The results of the study explained that the professionalism variables affect the judgment while the gender audit and the complexity of the task has no effect on audit judgment. And conflicting roles only able to moderate the influence of professionalism to the audit judgment, while gender and the complexity of the task is not able to moderate influence on audit judgment. In this study, there are still many limitatios and short comings the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable can only explain by 86,3% hence more independent variable are needed.  Professionalism, Gender, Complexity And Audit Judgment
Exploring perceptions of community health policy in Kenya and identifying implications for policy change
Venue: Health policy and planning

Global interest and investment in close to community health services is increasing. Kenya is currently revising its community health strategy (CHS) alongside political devolution, which will result in revisioning of responsibility for local services. This article aims to explore drivers of policy change from key informant perspectives and to study perceptions of current community health services from community and sub county levels, including perceptions of what is and what is not working well. It highlights implications for managing policy change.  We conducted 40 in depth interviews and 10 focus group discussions with a range of participants to capture plural perspectives, including those who will influence or be influenced by CHS policy change in Kenya (policymakers, sub county health management teams, facility managers, community health extension worker (CHEW) community health workers (CHWs) clients and community members) in two purposively selected counties: Nairobi and Kitui. Qualitative data were digitally recorded, transcribed, translated and coded before framework analysis.  There is widespread community appreciation for the existing strategy. High attrition, lack of accountability for voluntary CHWs and lack of funds to pay CHW salaries, combined with high CHEW workload were seen as main drivers for strategy change. Areas for change identified include: lack of clear supervisory structure including provision of adequate travel resources, current uneven coverage and equity of community health services, limited community knowledge about the strategy revision and demand for home based HIV testing and counselling.  This in depth analysis which captures multiple perspectives results in robust recommendations for strategy revision informed by the Five Wonders of Change Framework. These recommendations point towards a more people centred health system for improved equity and effectiveness and indicate priority areas for action if success of policy change through the roll out of the revised strategy is to be realized.
Asynchronous Distributed ADMM for Large Scale Optimization Part I: Algorithm and Convergence Analysis
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing

Aiming at solving large scale optimization problems, this paper studies distributed optimization methods based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) By formulating the optimization problem as a consensus problem, the ADMM can be used to solve the consensus problem in a fully parallel fashion over a computer network with a star topology. However, traditional synchronized computation does not scale well with the problem size, as the speed of the algorithm is limited by the slowest workers. This is particularly true in a heterogeneous network where the computing nodes experience different computation and communication delays. In this paper, we propose an asynchronous distributed ADMM (AD ADMM) which can effectively improve the time efficiency of distributed optimization. Our main interest lies in analyzing the convergence conditions of the AD ADMM, under the popular partially asynchronous model, which is defined based on a maximum tolerable delay of the network. Specifically, by considering general and possibly non convex cost functions, we show that the AD ADMM is guaranteed to converge to the set of Karush Kuhn Tucker (KKT) points as long as the algorithm parameters are chosen appropriately according to the network delay. We further illustrate that the asynchrony of the ADMM has to be handled with care, as slightly modifying the implementation of the AD ADMM can jeopardize the algorithm convergence, even under the standard convex setting.
Center based initialization of cooperative co evolutionary algorithm for large scale optimization
Venue: 2016 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)

Cooperative Coevolution (CC) framework has become a powerful approach to solve large scale global optimization problems effectively. Although a number of significant modifications of CC algorithms have been introduced in recent years, the theoretical studies of population initialization strategies in the CC framework are quite limited so far. The population initialization strategies can help a population based algorithm to start with better candidate solutions for achieving better results. In this paper, we propose a CC algorithm with population initialization strategies based on the center region to improve its performance. Three population initialization strategies, namely, center based normal distribution sampling, central golden region, and hybrid random center normal distribution sampling are utilized in the CC framework. These population initialization strategies attempt to generate points around center point with different schemes. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated on CEC 2013 LSGO benchmark functions. Simulation results confirm that the proposed algorithm obtains a promising performance on the majority of the nonseparable high dimension benchmark functions.
Computerized Cognitive Rehabilitation of Attention and Executive Function in Acquired Brain Injury: A Systematic Review
Venue: The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation

Comprehensive review of the use of computerized treatment as a rehabilitation tool for attention and executive function in adults (aged 18 years or older) who suffered an acquired brain injury. Systematic review of empirical research. Two reviewers independently assessed articles using the methodological quality criteria of Cicerone et al. Data extracted included sample size, diagnosis, intervention information, treatment schedule, assessment methods, and outcome measures. A literature review (PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid, Cochrane, PsychINFO, CINAHL) generated a total of 4931 publications. Twenty eight studies using computerized cognitive interventions targeting attention and executive functions were included in this review. In 23 studies, significant improvements in attention and executive function subsequent to training were reported; in the remaining 5, promising trends were observed. Preliminary evidence suggests improvements in cognitive function following computerized rehabilitation for acquired brain injury populations including traumatic brain injury and stroke. Further studies are needed to address methodological issues (eg, small sample size, inadequate control groups) and to inform development of guidelines and standardized protocols.
Toxic Pollutants from Plastic Waste A Review

Incineration of plastic waste in an open field is a major source of air pollution. Most of the times, the Municipal Solid Waste containing about 12% of plastics is burnt, releasing toxic gases like Dioxins, Furans, Mercury and Polychlorinated Biphenyls into the atmosphere. Further, burning of Poly Vinyl Chloride liberates hazardous halogens and pollutes air, the impact of which is climate change. The toxic substances thus released are posing a threat to vegetation, human and animal health and environment as a whole. Polystyrene is harmful to Central Nervous System. The hazardous brominated compounds act as carcinogens and mutagens. Dioxins settle on the crops and in our waterways where they eventually enter into our food and hence the body system. These Dioxins are the lethal persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and its worst component, 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo p dioxin (TCDD) commonly known as agentorange is a toxic compound which causes cancer and neurological damage, disrupts reproductive thyroid and respiratory systems. Thus, burning of plastic wastes increase the risk of heart disease, aggravates respiratory ailments such as asthma and emphysema and cause rashes, nausea or headaches, and damages the nervous system. Hence, a sustainable step towards tomorrow's cleaner and healthier environment needs immediate attention of the environmentalists and scientists. This review presents the hazards of incineration; open burning of plastics and effects of plastic in water and also a possibility of working out strategies to develop alternate procedures of plastic waste management.
Domestic Road Infrastructure and International Trade: Evidence from Turkey

Poor domestic transportation infrastructure in developing countries is often cited as an important impediment for accessing international markets. Yet, evidence on how transportation infrastructure improvements affect the volume and composition of exports is scarce. Drawing on the large scale public investment in expressways undertaken in Turkey during the 2000s, this paper contributes to our understanding of how internal trade costs affect regional exports and specialization. Two results emerge. First, we estimate that this road infrastructure project accounts for 15 percent of the export increase from interior regions, generating a 10 year discounted stream of additional export revenues that amount to between 9 and 14 percent of the value of the investment. Second, while the exports of all industries within a given region increase in response to improvements in connectivity to the international gateways of the country, the magnitude of this increase is larger the more time sensitive an industry is. Accordingly, we also observe an increase in the regional employment and revenue shares of such industries. Our results support the hypothesis that internal trade costs can be a determinant of international specialization and comparative advantage.
Autism and cerebellar dysfunction: Evidence from animal models.
Venue: Seminars in fetal neonatal medicine

Autism is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are not well understood. Cerebellar involvement has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders with increasing evidence from both clinical studies and animal models supporting an important role for cerebellar dysfunction in autism spectrum disorders. This article discusses the various cerebellar contributions to autism spectrum disorders. Both clinical and preclinical studies are discussed and future research directions highlighted.
Phosphate Solubilization Potential of Rhizosphere Fungi Isolated from Plants in Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
Venue: International journal of microbiology

Phosphorus (P) is one of the major bioelements limiting agricultural production. Phosphate solubilizing fungi play a noteworthy role in increasing the bioavailability of soil phosphates for plants. The present study was aimed at isolating and characterizing phosphate solubilizing fungi from different rhizospheres using both solid and liquid Pikovskaya (PVK) medium. A total of 359 fungal isolates were obtained from 150 rhizosphere soil samples of haricot bean, faba bean, cabbage, tomato, and sugarcane. Among the isolates, 167 (46.52% solubilized inorganic phosphate. The isolated phosphate solubilizing fungi belonged to genera of Aspergillus (55.69% Penicillium spp. (23.35% and Fusarium (9.58% Solubilization index (SI) ranged from 1.10 to 3.05. Isolates designated as JUHbF95 (Aspergillus sp. and JUFbF59 (Penicillium sp. solubilized maximum amount of P 728.77 mg*mL 1 and 514.44 mg mL 1, respectively, from TCP (tricalcium phosphate) after 15 days of incubation. The highest (363 mg mL 1) soluble P was released from RP with the inoculation of JUHbF95 in the PVK broth after 10 days of incubation. The present study indicated the presence of diverse plant associated P solubilizing fungi that may serve as potential biofertilizers.
Development and Preliminary Psychometric Evaluation of a Brief Self Report Questionnaire for the Assessment of the DSM 5 level of Personality Functioning Scale: The LPFS Brief Form (LPFS BF)
Venue: Personality disorders

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed. DSM 5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) alternative model for personality disorders (PDs) introduced a new paradigm for the assessment of PDs that includes levels of personality functioning indexing the severity of personality pathology irrespective of diagnosis. In this study, we describe the development and preliminary psychometric evaluation of a newly developed brief self report questionnaire to assess levels of personality functioning, the Level of Personality Functioning Scale Brief Form (LPFS BF; Bender, Morey, Skodol, 2011) Patients (N 240) referred to a specialized setting for the assessment and treatment of PDs completed the LPFS BF, the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI; Derogatis, 1975) the Severity Indices of Personality Problems (SIPP 118; Verheul et al. 2008) and were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Axis I Personality Disorders (SCID I; APA, 1994; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, Williams, 1997) and the SCID Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID II; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, Williams, Benjamin, 1996) When constrained to a 2 factor oblique solution, the LPFS BF yielded a structure that corresponded well to an interpretation of Self and Interpersonal Functioning scales. The instrument demonstrated fair to satisfactory internal consistency and promising construct validity. The LPFS BF constitutes a short, user friendly instrument that provides a quick impression of the severity of personality pathology, specifically oriented to the DSM 5 model. Clearly, more research is needed to test its validity and clinical utility.
EMG Signals Analysis of BF and RF Muscles In Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) During Walking

This paper presents the analysis of Electromyography (EMG) signals at lower limb muscles during walking. The muscles of Biceps Femoris (BF) and Rectus Femoris (RF) were examined between ASD and TD children. The EMG signals pattern will be observed over one gait cycle and the statistical analysis will be used to compare the significant difference of two muscles between ASD and TD children. The result shows that there are significant differences in RF muscle for both ASD and TD children at 70% of gait cycle (p value is equal to 0.007) and at 90% of gait cycle (p value is equal to 0.023) From this result, the RF muscle shall be considered as the vital muscle for rehabilitation plan.
The Bugs Framework (BF) A Structured Approach to Express Bugs
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security (QRS)

To achieve higher levels of assurance for digital systems, we need to answer questions such as does this software have bugs of these critical classes? Do two software assurance tools find the same set of bugs or different, complimentary sets? Can we guarantee that a new technique discovers all problems of this type? To answer such questions, we need a vastly improved way to describe classes of vulnerabilities and chains of failures. We present the Bugs Framework (BF) which raises the current realm of best efforts and useful heuristics. Our BF includes rigorous definitions and (static) attributes of bug classes, along with their related dynamic properties, such as proximate, secondary and tertiary causes, consequences and sites. The paper discusses the buffer overflow class, the injection class and the control of interaction frequency class, and provides examples of applying our BF taxonomy to describe particular vulnerabilities.
Crystallization Behaviors of Blast Furnace (BF) Slag in a Phase Change Cooling Process

Blast furnace (BF) slag is the principal byproduct formed during the iron making process, which generates a considerable amount of thermal energy. However, to simultaneously recover the maximum amount of residual heat and obtain vitreous slag using a low conduction coefficient of air is a primary challenge of the dry granulation technique, which has not been solved by either fundamental research or engineering applications. In the current study, the evolution of temperature inside molten BF slag was experimentally investigated using the directional solidification technique to calculate the local heat transfer coefficient and the average cooling rates. Furthermore, the effects of the average cooling rate on the vitreous phase content of the BF slag during solidification were investigated based on X ray diffraction (XRD) technology. The results indicate that the average cooling rate from the cooling side to the adiabatic side gradually decreased due to the increase in heat resistance and latent heat release.
BF theory explanation of the entropy for nonrotating isolated horizons

In this paper, the isolated horizons (IHs) with rotation are considered. It is shown that the symplectic form is the same as that in the nonrotating case. As a result, the boundary degrees of freedom can be also described by an SO(1, 1) BF theory. The entropy of the rotating IH satisfies the Bekenstein Hawking area law with the same Barbero Immirzi parameter.
$BF$ gravity

BF gravity comprises all the formulations of gravity that are based on deformations of BF theory. Such deformations consist of either constraints or potential terms added to the topological BF action that turn some of the gauge degrees of freedom into physical ones, particularly giving rise to general relativity. The BF formulations have provided new and deep insights into many classical and quantum aspects of the gravitational field, setting the foundations for the approach to quantum gravity known as spinfoam models. In this review, we present a self contained and unified treatment of the BF formulations of Ddimensional general relativity and other related models, focusing on the classical aspects of them and including some new results.