nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The soil moisture active passive mission: Fault protection performance and lessons learned
Venue: 2016 IEEE Aerospace Conference

Fault protection as a discipline involves a collection of flight software logic and operational processes for detecting unacceptable anomalous behavior, responding prior to reaching criticality, restricting the propagation of a failure beyond a fault containment region, and recovering the vehicle back to full or degraded functionality if possible. The System Fault Protection (SFP) design for the SMAP Earth orbiter was put to the test during its 90 day vehicle Commissioning activities. During this time, the SFP software autonomously protected the vehicle from multiple faults to critical hardware, and the operations team successfully returned the observatory to its science state. The SFP also performed well in the presence of anomalous behavior below true safety limits by not taking unnecessary response actions, instead allowing the operations team time to monitor the behavior. Certain aspects of the SFP design were modified during operations via both parameter updates and a full flight software update in order to better match the vehicle behavior in the flight environment. An evaluation of the SMAP SFP performance during vehicle Commissioning will be provided in this paper, as well as a set of lessons learned largely focused on visibility, SFP mutability in operations, responses to peripheral device faults, and Safe Mode recovery and design. By capturing some of the knowledge gained during SMAP Commissioning, it is intended that this paper provide guidance for making future System Fault Protection designs more robust and supportive of operations.
Takagi Sugeno fuzzy logic controller for Liu Chen four scroll chaotic system
Venue: Int. J. Intell. Eng. Informatics

Chaos modelling, chaos control and chaos synchronisation are active areas in chaos theory, while research in these areas has potential applications in many fields like nonlinear optics, oscillations, chemical reactions, biology, neurology, secure data encryption, secure communications, robotics, neural networks, fractals and nonlinear circuits design. Especially, chaos control is an important research area, and it has a wide range of applications like control of turbulence, dynamics of lasers, plasma, chemical reactions such as Belousov Zhabotinsky reaction, ecological systems and cardiac arrhythmias. Until now, many methods for chaos control such as open loop control based on periodic system excitation, closed loop control such as OGY method and time delayed feedback control such as Pyragas method have been used. In this paper, a fuzzy logic control using fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic for the control of chaotic systems has been proposed. In more detail, this work presents a fuzzy logic controller design of a chaotic system using Takagi Sugeno fuzzy model. The stability analysis of the fuzzy logic controller system is carried out using Barbashin Krasovskii theorem. For the proposed fuzzy logic control, the Liu Chen four scroll chaotic system was used. Finally, the simulation results of the proposed control method present the effectiveness of this method.
New Shrinkage Parameters for the Liu type Logistic Estimators
Venue: Commun. Stat. Simul. Comput.

The binary logistic regression is a widely used statistical method when the dependent variable has two categories. In most of the situations of logistic regression, independent variables are collinear which is called the multicollinearity problem. It is known that multicollinearity affects the variance of maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) negatively. Therefore, this article introduces new shrinkage parameters for the Liu type estimators in the Liu (2003) in the logistic regression model defined by Huang (2012) in order to decrease the variance and overcome the problem of multicollinearity. A Monte Carlo study is designed to show the goodness of the proposed estimators over MLE in the sense of mean squared error (MSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) Moreover, a real data case is given to demonstrate the advantages of the new shrinkage parameters.
Imbalances in Mobilization and Activation of Pro Inflammatory and Vascular Reparative Bone Marrow Derived Cells in Diabetic Retinopathy
Venue: PloS one

Diabetic retinopathy is a sight threatening complication of diabetes, affecting 65% of patients after 10 years of the disease. Diabetic metabolic insult leads to chronic low grade inflammation, retinal endothelial cell loss and inadequate vascular repair. This is partly due to bone marrow (BM) pathology leading to increased activity of BM derived pro inflammatory monocytes and impaired function of BM derived reparative circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) We propose that diabetes has a significant long term effect on the nature and proportion of BM derived cells that circulate in the blood, localize to the retina and home back to their BM niche. Using a streptozotocin mouse model of diabetic retinopathy with GFP BM transplantation, we have demonstrated that BM derived circulating pro inflammatory monocytes are increased in diabetes while reparative CACs are trapped in the BM and spleen, with impaired release into circulation. Diabetes also alters activation of splenocytes and BM derived dendritic cells in response to LPS stimulation. A majority of the BM derived GFP cells that migrate to the retina express microglial markers, while others express endothelial, pericyte and Muller cell markers. Diabetes significantly increases infiltration of BM derived microglia in an activated state, while reducing infiltration of BM derived endothelial progenitor cells in the retina. Further, control CACs injected into the vitreous are very efficient at migrating back to their BM niche, whereas diabetic CACs have lost this ability, indicating that the in vivo homing efficiency of diabetic CACs is dramatically decreased. Moreover, diabetes causes a significant reduction in expression of specific integrins regulating CAC migration. Collectively, these findings indicate that BM pathology in diabetes could play a role in both increased pro inflammatory state and inadequate vascular repair contributing to diabetic retinopathy.
Cephalometric configuration of the occlusal plane in patients with anterior open bite.
Venue: American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics

This study was performed to investigate the cephalometric configuration of the occlusal plane in patients with anterior open bite.  Of 61 subjects with open bite (overbite =3.75 mm) who had been recruited consecutively from January 2006 to November 2013 and had no history of orthodontic treatment, 14 cephalometric landmarks indicating the incisal edge or the buccal or mesiobuccal cusp tips of each tooth were used for K means clustering to classify the occlusal plane configuration. For the open bite group and a control group with normal occlusion (n 38) dentoalveolar height, which is the perpendicular distance of each tooth to the palatal or mandibular plane, was compared among the clusters and between the 2 groups.  The open bite subjects were divided into 2 clusters according to occlusal contact of the premolars: Y form and V form (with and without premolar contact, respectively) The normalized dentoalveolar heights of the 4 mandibular teeth (lateral incisor to second premolar) were significantly greater in the Y form class than in the V form class. The dentoalveolar heights of the 5 maxillary teeth (lateral incisor to first molar) were significantly greater in the open bite group than in the control group.  anterior open bite treatment, the cephalometric configuration of the occlusal plane should be considered based on the occlusal contacts of the premolars.
The impact of occlusal plane cant along with gingival display on smile attractiveness.
Venue: Orthodontics craniofacial research

To evaluate the influence of occlusal plane cant in conjunction with maxillary gingival display on perception of smile attractiveness by orthodontists, dentists, and laypersons.  Faculty of Dentistry at Baskent University. A total of 204 raters for smile attractiveness.  A frontal intra oral photograph of aligned teeth was modified using image processing software. Six different occlusal lines representing 0deg to 5deg cants were obtained by tilting the photographs. Each occlusal cant was adjusted in five manners resulting in five different gingival display amounts. Attractiveness of the 30 different smiles was evaluated by 204 raters divided into three groups (n 68 in each group) RESULTS Both occlusal cant (p 0.001) and gingival display amount (p 0.001) had a statistically significant influence on smile attractiveness. Smile attractiveness scores with reference to amount of gingival display showed a significant difference between rater groups (p 0.001) Orthodontists preferred 1 mm coverage of upper central incisors by the upper lip, whereas dentists and laypersons preferred 2 mm. Significant (p 0.001) interaction was observed between occlusal cant and gingival display amount, which influenced smile attractiveness.  Increase in both occlusal plane cant and gingival display negatively influences smile attractiveness. The influence of occlusal plane cant becomes less when gingival display increases, whereas the influence of gingival display decreases when occlusal cant increases. Dentists are more generous than orthodontists, while laypersons are the most generous regarding smile attractiveness scores.
A Novel Prognostic Score, Based on Preoperative Nutritional Status, Predicts Outcomes of Patients after Curative Resection for Gastric Cancer
Venue: Journal of Cancer

We aimed to determine whether preoperative nutritional status (PNS) was a valuable predictor of outcome in patients with gastric cancer (GC)  We retrospectively evaluated 1320 patients with GC undergoing curative resection. The PNS score was constructed based on four objective and easily measurable criteria: prognostic nutritional index (PNI) score 1, serum albumin <35 g/L, body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2, or preoperative weight loss =5% of body weight. The PNS score was 2 for patients who met three or four criteria, 1 for those who met one or two criteria, and 0 for those who didn't meet all of these criteria.  The overall survival (OS) rates in patients with PNS scores 0, 1, and 2 were 59.1% 42.4% and 23.4% respectively (P 0.001) Multivariate analyses revealed the PNS was an independent predictor for OS (HR for PNS 1 and PNS 2: 1.497, 95 CI: 1.230 1.820 and 2.434, 95 CI: 1.773 3.340, respectively; p 0.001) Furthermore, 5 year OS ranged from 92% (stage I) to 37% (stage III) while the combination of TNM and PNS stratified 5 year OS from 95% (TNM I, PNS 0) to 19% (TNM III, PNS 3) Of note, the prognostic significance of PNS was still maintained when stratified by TNM stage, age, sex, tumor size, anemia and adjuvant chemotherapy (All P 0.05)  The PNS, a novel nutritional based prognostic score, is independently associated with OS in GC. Prospective studies are needed to validate its clinical utility.
Face Verification Subject to Varying (Age, Ethnicity, and Gender)Demographics Using Deep Learning

Human facial appearance is strongly influenced by demographical characteristics such as categorical age, ethnicity, and gender with each category further partitioned into classes Black, White, Male, Female, Young (18 30) Middle Age (30 50) and Old (50 70) and groups mix of classes. Most subjects share a more similar appearance with their own demographic class than with other classes. We evaluate here the accuracy of automatic facial verification for subjects belonging to varying age, ethnicity, and gender categories. Towards that end, we use a convolutional neural network for feature extraction and show that our method yields better performance on individual demographics compared to a commercial face recognition engine. For one class demographic groups, we corroborate empirical findings that biometric performance on verification is relatively lower for females, young subjects in the 18 30 age group, and blacks. We then expand the scope of our method and evaluate the accuracy of face verification for several multiclass demographic groups. We discuss the results and make suggestions for improving face verification across varying demographics.
Young people with features of gender dysphoria: Demographics and associated difficulties
Venue: Clinical child psychology and psychiatry

This article presents the findings from a cross sectional study on demographic variables and associated difficulties in 218 children and adolescents (Mean age 14 years, SD 3.08, range 5 17 years) with features of gender dysphoria, referred to the Gender Identity Development Service (GIDS) in London during a 1 year period (1 January 2012 31 December 2012) Data were extracted from patient files (i.e. referral letters, clinical notes and clinician reports) The most commonly reported associated difficulties were bullying, low mood/depression and self harming. There was a gender difference on some of the associated difficulties with reports of self harm being significantly more common in the natal females and autism spectrum conditions being significantly more common in the natal males. The findings also showed that many of the difficulties increased with age. Findings regarding demographic variables, gender dysphoria, sexual orientation and family features are reported, and limitations and implications of the cross sectional study are discussed. In conclusion, young people with gender dysphoria often present with a wide range of associated difficulties which clinicians need to take into account, and our article highlights the often complex presentations of these young people.
Why is Asari =Manila) clam Ruditapes philippinarum fitness poor in Arcachon Bay: A meta analysis to answer?

Asari Manila) clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, is the second bivalve mollusc in terms of production in the world and, in many coastal areas, can beget important socio economic issues. In Europe, this species was introduced after 1973. In Arcachon Bay, after a decade of aquaculture attempt, Asari clam rapidly constituted neo naturalized population which is now fished. However, recent studies emphasized the decline of population and individual performances. In the framework of a national project (REPAMEP) some elements of fitness, stressors and responses in Arcachon bay were measured and compared to international data (41 publications, 9 countries) The condition index (CI=flesh weight/shell weight) was the lowest among all compared sites. Variation in average Chla concentration explained 30% of variation of CI among different areas. Among potential diseases, perkinsosis was particularly prevalent in Arcachon Bay, with high abundance, and Asari clams underwent Brown Muscle Disease, a pathology strictly restricted to this lagoon. Overall element contamination was relatively low, although arsenic, cobalt, nickel and chromium displayed higher values than in other ecosystems where Asari clam is exploited. Finally, total hemocyte count (THC) of Asari clam in Arcachon Bay, related to the immune system activity, exhibited values that were also under what is generally observed elsewhere. In conclusion, this study, with all reserves due to heterogeneity of available data, suggest that the particularly low fitness of Asari clam in Arcachon Bay is due to poor trophic condition, high prevalence and intensity of a disease (perkinsosis) moderate inorganic contamination, and poor efficiency of the immune system.
Blindly Signed Contracts: Anonymous On Blockchain and Off Blockchain Bitcoin Transactions
Venue: Financial Cryptography Workshops

Although Bitcoin is often perceived to be an anonymous currency, research has shown that a user's Bitcoin transactions can be linked to compromise the user's anonymity. We present solutions to the anonymity problem for both transactions on Bitcoin's blockchain and off the blockchain (in so called micropayment channel networks) We use an untrusted third party to issue anonymous vouchers which users redeem for Bitcoin. Blind signatures and Bitcoin transaction contracts (aka smart contracts) ensure the anonymity and fairness during the bitcoin \leftrightarrow voucher exchange. Our schemes are practical, secure and anonymous.
Distributed Immutabilization of Secure Logs
Venue: STM

Several applications require robust and tamper proof logging systems, e.g. electronic voting or bank information systems. At Scytl we use a technology, called immutable logs, that we deploy in our electronic voting solutions. This technology ensures the integrity, authenticity and non repudiation of the generated logs, thus in case of any event the auditors can use them to investigate the issue. As a security recommendation it is advisable to store and/or replicate the information logged in a location where the logger has no writing or modification permissions. Otherwise, if the logger gets compromised, the data previously generated could be truncated or altered using the same private keys. This approach is costly and does not protect against collusion between the logger and the entities that hold the replicated data. In order to tackle these issues, in this article we present a proposal and implementation to immutabilize integrity proofs of the secure logs within the Bitcoin's blockchain. Due to the properties of the proposal, the integrity of the immutabilized logs is guaranteed without performing log data replication and even in case the logger gets latterly compromised.
Opportunity Versus Necessity: Understanding the Heterogeneity of Female Micro Entrepreneurs

Entrepreneurs that voluntarily choose to start a business because they are able to identify a good business opportunity and act on it opportunity entrepreneurs might be different along various dimensions from those who are forced to become entrepreneurs because of lack of other alternatives necessity entrepreneurs. To provide evidence on these differences, this paper exploits a unique data set covering a wide array of characteristics, including cognitive skills, non cognitive skills and managerial practices, for a large sample of female entrepreneurs in Mexico. Descriptive results show that on average opportunity entrepreneurs have better performance and higher skills than necessity entrepreneurs. A discriminant analysis reveals that discrimination is difficult to achieve based on these observables, which suggests the existence of unobservables driving both the decision to become an opportunity entrepreneur and performance. Thus, an instrumental variables estimation is conducted, using state economic growth in the year the business was set up as an instrument for opportunity, to confirm that opportunity entrepreneurs have higher performance and better management practices.
Facilities Management and Corporate Real Estate Management as Value Drivers: How to Manage and Measure Adding Value.

Manage and Measure Adding Value. DTU Orbit (21/10/2019) Facilities Management and Corporate Real Estate Management as Value Drivers: How to Manage and Measure Adding Value. Facilities Management (FM) and Corporate Real Estate Management (CREM) are two closely related and relatively new management disciplines with developing international professions and increasing academic attention. Both disciplines have from the outset a strong focus on controlling and reducing cost for real estate, facilities and related services. In recent years there has been a change towards putting more focus on how FM/CREM can add value to the organisation. The book is research based with a focus on guidance to practice. It offers a transdisciplinary approach, integrating academic knowledge from a variety of different fields with practical experience. It also includes 12 interviews with practitioners, shedding light as to how they manage adding value in practice. This is a much needed resource for practitioners, researchers and teachers from the field of FM and CREM, as well as students at both undergraduate and postgraduate level.
Organizing for Change: A Case Study of Grassroots Leadership at a Kentucky Community College.

OF DISSERTATION ORGANIZING FOR CHANGE: A CASE STUDY OF GRASSROOTS LEADERSHIP AT A KENTUCKY COMMUNITY AND TECHNICAL COLLEGE Community colleges constitute a special type of higher education organization: their complex mission, dynamics, personnel structures, and values require a distinct set of understandings and skills to lead and manage them well. Most of the research on leadership in community colleges focuses on leaders in positions of power (presidents, provosts, etc. and not on grassroots or bottom up leadership. Bottom up leaders are individuals who perpetuate change without having the backing of a formal position of authority to do so. Recent leadership research validates the importance of having change agents at all levels of an organization in order to further the mission of the institution. This dissertation consists of three primary parts: (1) a technical report written by a three person research team representing a synthesis of the collaborative research findings on the various leadership pathways that exist in the community college and the factors that influence individuals to engage in leadership efforts; (2) an individual research study on the perspectives of grassroots leaders who have engaged in informal change initiatives at a community college; and (3) an extension of the individual research study that discusses institutional attributes, properties, and/or conditions that foster and encourage grassroots organization. Individual, in depth interviews were conducted in order to identify strategies grassroots leaders used to influence top down leadership and the major obstacles they faced. The conversational nature of these interviews allowed for two way interactions that lent themselves to a greater understanding of the subjects' experiences, thoughts, and motives. This study provides a greater focus on understanding the motivations, tactics, obstacles, and sources of resiliency that grassroots leaders use to affect change. The findings indicate that a variety of personal and professional influences affect a grassroots leader's decision to engage in leadership efforts, that grassroots leaders tailor their tactics and strategies to fit the situation, and that resiliency is essential to the success of their engagement. Finally, this study makes several recommendations administrators can use to promote grassroots leadership on their campuses.