nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Emotional Intelligence and Transformational Leadership in Nurse Managers
Venue: The Journal of nursing administration

This study describes the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and transformational leadership (TL) in nurse managers (NMs)  Effective NM leadership is important as they have direct influence over RN performance and patient outcomes. Research has demonstrated that a TL style generates greater commitment from followers than other leadership styles. EI is 1 potential characteristic of TL.  A descriptive exploratory research study was conducted to correlate EI and TL practices of NMs.  EI was significantly positively correlated with TL and outcome measures of extra effort, effectiveness, and satisfaction and significantly negatively correlated with laissez faire leadership. A positive relationship was found between TL and NMs with advanced education and administrative certification.  Nursing administrators should consider EI characteristics when hiring NMs and lead efforts to advance education to align with organization needs for business and strategic essentials necessary for NM effectiveness.
Impact of transformational leadership on nurse work outcomes.
Venue: Journal of advanced nursing

To examine the effect of transformational leadership on early career nurses' intent to stay, job satisfaction and organizational commitment.  Lack of leadership support is one of the top reasons staff nurses leave. Current studies reported mixed results about the impact of transformational leadership on key nurse outcomes. However, little is known whether leadership directly or indirectly affects satisfaction, organizational commitment and intent to stay.  This study was a cross sectional study of nurses who had been licensed for 7*5 8*5 years which was part of a 10 year longitudinal panel design.  The analytic sample was 1037 nationally representative newly licensed Registered Nurses. Data were collected from January March 2013. We used a probit model to model the relationship between transformational leadership and intent to stay, organizational commitment and job satisfaction.  Transformational leadership did not have a significant impact on intent to stay and job satisfaction, but significantly associated with organizational commitment. Organizational commitment, job satisfaction, mentor support, promotional opportunities and age were positively associated with intent to stay, while ethnicity, non local job opportunities and work settings were negatively associated with intent to stay.  Transformational leadership had no direct relationship with intent to stay and job satisfaction and had a small direct positive effect on organizational commitment. Transformational leadership has potential to slow attrition and retain nurses by creating a positive work environment that supports nurses. Any improvement in job satisfaction and organizational commitment would positively increase the change in probability for intent to stay.
Effect of Nurse's Supervisor's Leadership Style on Nurse's Job Satisfaction.

To explore the impact of nurse managers leadership styles on nurse job satisfaction in the Kind Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.  Leadership style is perceived to be an important factor in hiring, retention and job satisfaction for nursing staff in healthcare facilities.  Quantitative descriptive design was used. Bivariate correlations between leadership styles and job satisfaction were examined. Fifty supervisors and department heads and 220 staff nurses were recruited to participate in this study, which was conducted during the first quarter of 2014.  The results of this study indicate that managers or supervisors explore and utilize various leadership styles and combinations that would create a positive impact on nursing staff 'on the Job' attitudes and Performance.  The leadership styles of the managers had little influence on the overall satisfaction of nurses in this setting. However the nurse managers were instrumental and successful in shaping the nurse's work ethic.
Is nurse managers' leadership style related to Japanese staff nurses' affective commitment to their hospital?
Venue: Journal of nursing management

To determine if nurse managers' leadership style is related to Japanese staff nurses' affective commitment to their hospital.  In Western countries, nurse managers' transformational leadership style has been found to increase staff nurses' affective commitment to their hospital. However, there are few studies examining this relationship in the context of acute care hospitals in Japan.  Staff nurses completed measures of their nurse managers' perceived leadership style and factors related to their own affective commitment. The association between affective commitment and perception of leadership style was assessed with multiple logistic regression.  Of 736 questionnaires distributed, 579 (78.9% were returned, and data from 396 (53.8% fully completed questionnaires were analysed. The intellectual stimulation aspect of transformational leadership positively increased staff nurses' affective commitment (odds ratio: 2.23) Nurse managers' transactional and laissez faire leadership styles were not related to affective commitment among staff nurses.  The intellectual stimulation aspect of transformational leadership may increase the retention of staff nurses through enhanced affective commitment.  To increase staff nurses' affective commitment to their hospital, we suggest that hospital administrators equip nurse managers with intellectual stimulation skills.
The minimum number of disjoint pairs in set systems and related problems
Venue: Comb.

Let F be a set system on [n] with all sets having k elements and every pair of sets intersecting. The celebrated theorem of Erdos, Ko and Rado from 1961 says that, provided n 2k, any such system has size at most (_{k 1}{n 1}(k 1n 1) A natural question, which was asked by Ahlswede in 1980, is how many disjoint pairs must appear in a set system of larger size. Except for the case k 2, solved by Ahlswede and Katona, this problem has remained open for the last three decades.In this paper, we determine the minimum number of disjoint pairs in small k uniform families, thus confirming a conjecture of Bollobas and Leader in these cases. Moreover, we obtain similar results for two well known extensions of the Erdos Ko Rado Theorem, determining the minimum number of matchings of size q and the minimum number of t disjoint pairs that appear in set systems larger than the corresponding extremal bounds. In the latter case, this provides a partial solution to a problem of Kleitman and West.
Co Extracting Opinion Targets and Opinion Words from Online Reviews Based on the Word Alignment Model

Mining opinion targets and opinion words from online reviews are important tasks for fine grained opinion mining, the key component of which involves detecting opinion relations among words. To this end, this paper proposes a novel approach based on the partially supervised alignment model, which regards identifying opinion relations as an alignment process. Then, a graph based co ranking algorithm is exploited to estimate the confidence of each candidate. Finally, candidates with higher confidence are extracted as opinion targets or opinion words. Compared to previous methods based on the nearestneighbor rules, our model captures opinion relations more precisely, especially for long span relations. Compared to syntax based methods, our word alignment model effectively alleviates the negative effects of parsing errors when dealing with informal online texts. In particular, compared to the traditional unsupervised alignment model, the proposed model obtains better precision because of the usage of partial supervision. In addition, when estimating candidate confidence, we penalize higherdegree vertices in our graph based co ranking algorithm to decrease the probability of error generation. Our experimental results on three corpora with different sizes and languages show that our approach effectively outperforms state of the art methods.  With the rapid development of Web 2.0, a huge number of product reviews are springing up on the Web.From these reviews, customers can obtain firsthand assessments of product information and direct supervision oftheir purchase actions. Meanwhile, manufacturers canobtain immediate feedback and opportunities to improvethe quality of their products in a timely fashion. Thus, mining opinions from online reviews has become an increasingly urgent activity and has attracted a great deal ofattention from researchers. To extract and analyze opinions from online reviews, it isunsatisfactory to merely obtain the overall sentiment abouta product. In most cases, customers expect to find finegrained sentiments about an aspect or feature of a productthat is reviewed. For example:"This phone has a colorful and big screen, butits LCD resolution is very disappointing." Readers expect to know that the reviewer expresses apositive opinion of the phone's screen and a negative opinion of the screen's resolution, not just the reviewer's overallsentiment. To fulfill this aim, both opinion targets and opinion words must be detected. First, however, it is necessaryto extract and construct an opinion target list and an opinion word lexicon, both of which can provide prior knowledge that is useful for fine grained opinion miningand both of which are the focus of this paper.An opinion target is
Citizens A Chronicle Of The French Revolution

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The Coming Of The French Revolution

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The French Revolution and Human Rights: A Brief Documentary History

Foreword Preface PART ONE: INTRODUCTION PART TWO: DOCUMENTS Defining Rights before 1789 Natural Law as Defined by the Encyclopedia, 1755 Religious Toleration Antislavery Agitation The Beginnings of Agitation by Women for Rights Categories of Citizenship The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen 1789 Debates over Citizenship and Rights during the Revolution The Poor and Propertied Religious and Other Minorities Free Blacks and Slaves Women Chronology Selected Bibliography Index
Reflections On The French Revolution

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Naratriptan aggregation in lipid bilayers: perspectives from molecular dynamics simulations
Venue: Journal of Molecular Modeling

AbstractIn order to understand the interaction between naratriptan and a fully hydrated bilayer of 1 palmitoyl 2 oleoyl sn glycero 3 phosphatidyl choline (POPC) we carried out molecular dynamics simulations. The simulations were performed considering neutral and protonated ionization states, starting from different initial conditions. At physiological pH, the protonated state of naratriptan is predominant. It is expected that neutral compounds could have larger membrane partition than charged compounds. However, for the specific case of triptans, it is difficult to study neutral species in membranes experimentally, making computer simulations an interesting tool. When the naratriptan molecules were originally placed in water, they partitioned between the bilayer/water interface and water phase, as has been described for similar compounds. From this condition, the drugs displayed low access to the hydrophobic environment, with no significant effects on bilayer organization. The molecules anchored in the interface, due mainly to the barrier function of the polar and oriented lipid heads. On the other hand, when placed inside the bilayer, both neutral and protonated naratriptan showed self aggregation in the lipid tail environment. In particular, the protonated species exhibited a pore like structure, dragging water through this environment. Graphical AbstractDifferent behaviour of Naratriptan and Sumatriptan, when the drugs were originally placed in the lipid core
HDACs and HDAC Inhibitors in Cancer Development and Therapy.
Venue: Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine

Over the last several decades, it has become clear that epigenetic abnormalities may be one of the hallmarks of cancer. Posttranslational modifications of histones, for example, may play a crucial role in cancer development and progression by modulating gene transcription, chromatin remodeling, and nuclear architecture. Histone acetylation, a well studied posttranslational histone modification, is controlled by the opposing activities of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) By removing acetyl groups, HDACs reverse chromatin acetylation and alter transcription of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. In addition, HDACs deacetylate numerous nonhistone cellular substrates that govern a wide array of biological processes including cancer initiation and progression. This review will discuss the role of HDACs in cancer and the therapeutic potential of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) as emerging drugs in cancer treatment.
High throughput identification of novel conotoxins from the Chinese tubular cone snail (Conus betulinus) by multi transcriptome sequencing
Venue: GigaScience

BackgroundThe venom of predatory marine cone snails mainly contains a diverse array of unique bioactive peptides commonly referred to as conopeptides or conotoxins. These peptides have proven to be valuable pharmacological probes and potential drugs because of their high specificity and affinity to important ion channels, receptors and transporters of the nervous system. Most previous studies have focused specifically on the conopeptides from piscivorous and molluscivorous cone snails, but little attention has been devoted to the dominant vermivorous species.ResultsThe vermivorous Chinese tubular cone snail, Conus betulinus, is the dominant Conus species inhabiting the South China Sea. The transcriptomes of venom ducts and venom bulbs from a variety of specimens of this species were sequenced using both next generation sequencing and traditional Sanger sequencing technologies, resulting in the identification of a total of 215 distinct conopeptides. Among these, 183 were novel conopeptides, including nine new superfamilies. It appeared that most of the identified conopeptides were synthesized in the venom duct, while a handful of conopeptides were identified only in the venom bulb and at very low levels.ConclusionsWe identified 215 unique putative conopeptide transcripts from the combination of five transcriptomes and one EST sequencing dataset. Variation in conopeptides from different specimens of C. betulinus was observed, which suggested the presence of intraspecific variability in toxin production at the genetic level. These novel conopeptides provide a potentially fertile resource for the development of new pharmaceuticals, and a pathway for the discovery of new conotoxins.
Les supports des images de la photographie a l'image numerique

Notre article vise a aborder la question de la forme et de la substance du plan d'expression d'images (peinture, photographie, image numerique) Si la semiotique greimassienne classique et notamment Jean Marie Floch (1985, 1986) et Felix Thurlemann (1982) ont consacre leurs reflexions a la relation entre forme de l'expression et forme du contenu (semi symbolisme) a partir des annees 1990 Jacques Fontanille s'est vouee a l'exploration de la delicate question de la substance de l'expression. Ensuite, dans le cadre de la hierarchie des niveaux de pertinence de l'analyse, Fontanille (2005, 2008) introduit les concepts de support formel et de support materiel qui permettent de penser la relation entre image en tant que texte et image en tant qu'objet. Nous nous attaquons a ces travaux pour etudier la relation etroite entre substance de l'expression de l'image et les pratiques de production/reception.
Design of pH responsive gold nanoparticles in oncology

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) hold promising applications in many fields such as electronics, optics and catalysis. In the past decades, there has been a growing interest for their application in medicine, in particular in nano oncology as contrast agents, drug delivery vehicles or for diagnosis. Once injected intravenously and thanks to their small size, the AuNPs can circulate in the whole body via the blood stream and reach easily the tumour. However, what makes them very attractive for cancer treatment is their ability to distinguish healthy cells from cancer cells. While the current anticancer agents lack specific targeting, AuNPs, with their targeting efficiency, will enable the use of lower amount of drugs with all the positive aspects for the health of the patient. Additionally, their optical properties give them the ability to be used in imaging as an incredibly powerful contrast agent. For these reasons, they are believed to be one of the tools that, in the future, will enable to considerably increase the efficiency of cancer treatments by simultaneously imaging the tumour and treat it. They constitute an ideal theranostic drug delivery platform, in other words a unique combination of diagnostics and therapy. Many researches focus on the engineering of the nanoparticle surface in order to increase their biocompatibility and enable their further conjugation with bioactive ligands such as drugs, targeting or imaging agents for the design of multifunctional platforms. pH responsiveness, the ability to change properties with a change of proton concentration, is a remarkable asset for drug delivery carrier. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that cancer cells show very particular pHs in their environment: extracellular as well as intracellular. This characteristic has been exploited to create a more specific and efficient way to treat cancer. The present review focuses on the design of pH responsive AuNPs and particularly on the advantages and the potential applications of such hybrid nanomaterials in oncology.
Cytotoxic effects of gold nanoparticles exposure employing in vitro animal cell culture system as part of nanobiosafety

Metal Nanoparticles are exploited in different fields that include biomedical sector where they are utilized in drug and gene delivery, biosensors, cancer treatment and diagnostic tools. Despite of their benefits, there has been serious concerns about possible side effects of several nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are exploited for bio imaging, biosensing, drug delivery, transfection and diagnosis. These nanoparticles may get released into the environment in high amounts at all stages of production, recycling and disposal. Since the manufacture and use of nanoparticles are increasing, humans/ animals are more likely to be exposed occupationally or via consumer products and the environment. The emergence of the new field of nanotoxicity has spurred great interest in a wide variety of materials and their possible effects on living systems. Animal cell culture system is considered as a sensitive indicator against exposure of such materials. Keeping in view the above scenario, present study was carried out to evaluate effect of AuNPs exposure in primary and cell line culture system employing chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) culture and HeLa cell line culture through MTT assay. Minimum cytotoxic dose was found to be 60 ug/ml and 50 ug/ml in CEF and HeLa cells, respectively. Thus, it could be inferred that even a very low concentration of AuNPs could lead to cytotoxic effects in cell culture based studies.Metal Nanoparticles are exploited in different fields that include biomedical sector where they are utilized in drug and gene delivery, biosensors, cancer treatment and diagnostic tools. Despite of their benefits, there has been serious concerns about possible side effects of several nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are exploited for bio imaging, biosensing, drug delivery, transfection and diagnosis. These nanoparticles may get released into the environment in high amounts at all stages of production, recycling and disposal. Since the manufacture and use of nanoparticles are increasing, humans/ animals are more likely to be exposed occupationally or via consumer products and the environment. The emergence of the new field of nanotoxicity has spurred great interest in a wide variety of materials and their possible effects on living systems. Animal cell culture system is considered as a sensitive indicator against exposure of such materials. Keeping in view the above scenario, present study was car.
Queer identity online: Informal learning and teaching experiences of LGBTQ individuals on social media
Venue: Comput. Hum. Behav.

In this study, we explored how social media, particularly social networking sites, serve as informal learning environments for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, and otherwise identified (LGBTQ) individuals during formative stages of their evolving LGBTQ identity. We conducted semi structured interviews (N=33) probing LGBTQ individuals use of social media and identified three educational uses tied to online information seeking: traditional learning (e.g. information seeking about LGBTQ related issues) social learning (e.g. observing role models or other LGBTQ individuals behavior and experiences) and experiential learning (e.g. experimenting with online dating sites and dating apps) These experiences were especially common during the coming out process. Participants also reported a fourth educational function, teaching (e.g. sharing information with others about their experiences as an LGBTQ individual) Teaching was more common among individuals who were out and those with less common identities (e.g. asexual and transgender) Several affordances of social media, including visibility, association, persistence, anonymity, and interactivity enabled these learning experiences. LGBTQ individuals use online resources to learn about their emerging identity.LGBTQ individuals engage in traditional, social, experiential learning online.LGBTQ individuals also reported teaching others about their identity online.Social media are a key source for informal learning among LGBTQ individuals.