nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Analyzing treatment aggressiveness and identifying high risk patients in diabetic foot ulcer return to care
Venue: Wound repair and regeneration official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society

Rates of diabetes and its associated comorbidities have been increasing in the United States, with diabetic foot ulcer treatment representing a large cost to the patient and healthcare system. These ulcers often result in multiple hospital admissions. This study examined readmissions following inpatient care for a diabetic foot ulcer and identified modifiable factors associated with all cause 30 day readmissions to the inpatient or emergency department (ED) setting. We hypothesized that patients undergoing aggressive treatment would have lower 30 day readmission rates. We identified patient discharge records containing International Classification of Disease ninth revision codes for both diabetes mellitus and distal foot ulcer in the State Inpatient and Emergency Department databases from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project in Florida and New York, 2011 2012. All cause 30 day return to care visits (ED or inpatient) were analyzed. Patient demographics and treatment characteristics were evaluated using univariate and multivariable regression models. The cohort included 25,911 discharges, having a mean age of 63 and an average of 3.8 comorbidities. The overall rate of return to care was 30% and 21% of subjects underwent a toe or midfoot amputation during their index stay. The most common diagnosis codes upon readmission were diabetes mellitus (19% and infection (13% Patients with a toe or midfoot amputation procedure were less likely to be readmitted within 30 days (odds ratio: 0.78; 95% confidence interval: 0.73, 0.84) Presence of comorbidities, black and Hispanic ethnicities, and Medicare and Medicaid payer status were also associated with higher odds of readmission following initial hospitalization (p 0.05) The study suggests that there are many factors that affect readmission rates for diabetic foot ulcer patients. Understanding patients at high risk for readmission can improve counseling and treatment strategies for this fragile patient population.
Novel drill structure for damage reduction in drilling CFRP composites

Drilling holes on CFRP components is inevitable for assembling process in the aviation industry. The drilling induced damages frequently occur and affect not only the load carrying capacity of components but also the reliability. Therefore, it is of great urgency to enhance drilling quality on CFRP components. The article aims to propose a novel drill structure to change the cutting conditions at the drill exit and effectively reduce damages in drilling CFRP. Considering the drilling exit constraint condition, a unique two dimensional cutting model is established to represent the axial cutting of the main cutting edge at the drill exit. Based on the model, the effects of point of action and cutting direction on material removal at the exit are investigated, and the result indicates that cutting CFRP in the upward direction has positive effects on deflection limitation and damage reduction. In order to perform the upward cutting, a novel intermittent sawtooth drill structure is proposed on the one shot drill. The theoretical and geometrical analyses of the drilling process reveal that the cutting lips of the structure could reverse the cutting direction from downward to upward and thereby, reduce the drill exit damages. Furthermore, drilling experiments are conducted and the drill structure is proved to be effective to reduce drilling damages as expected.
Drill cored rock pools: An effective method of ecological enhancement on artificial structures

Coastal defences are proliferating in response to anticipated climate change and there is increasing need for ecologically sensitive design in their construction. Typically, these structures support lower biodiversity than natural rocky shores. Although several studies have tested habitat enhancement interventions that incorporate novel water retaining features into coastal defences, there remains a need for additional long term, fully replicated trials to identify alternative cost effective designs. We created artificial rock pools of two depths (12 cm, 5 cm) by drill coring into a shore parallel intertidal granite breakwater, to investigate their potential as an intervention for delivering ecological enhancement. After 18 months the artificial rock pools supported greater species richness than adjacent granite rock surfaces on the breakwater, and similar species richness to natural rock pools on nearby rocky shores. Community composition was, however, different between artificial and natural pools. The depth of artificial rock pools did not affect richness or community structure. Although the novel habitats did not support the same communities as natural rock pools, they clearly provided important habitat for several species that were otherwise absent at mid shore height on the breakwater. These findings reveal the potential of drill cored rock pools as an affordable and easily replicated means of enhancing biodiversity on a variety of coastal defence structures, both at the design stage and retrospectively.
Study of the Effect of Tool Wear on Hole Quality in Drilling CFRP to Select a Suitable Drill for Multi Criteria Hole Quality

In recent years the use of carbon fiber composites in aerospace industries has been on the rise due to their unique properties like high specific strength, high stiffness, and fatigue characteristics. The machining behavior of these materials differs from machining homogenous metals because the drill bit encounters fiber and matrix alternatively which have widely different properties. Among the various machining operations, drilling is very common to facilitate assembly using fasteners to others parts in the structure. Rapid wear of the tool due to the abrasive carbon fibers is an important reason for damage occurrence. This results in frequent drill changes affecting the production cycle and increasing the final cost. Drill geometry is an important factor which decides the quality of the drilled hole. Hole quality is decided by a number of parameters like fiber pullout, delamination, surface finish, etc. among others. It is therefore necessary to evaluate the performance of the different drills available based on the quality of the holes they produce and drill life time. Three tool geometries are evaluated for thrust force, tool wear, surface roughness, fiber pullout, hole oversize, and eccentricity. Recommendations are given to aid in the selection of appropriate drill for the desired hole quality parameter.
Failure analysis of drill pipe: A review

Although the drill pipe is a simple tool in the drilling industry, it is the most used and important one. The drillstring failure has two general forms: wash out and twist off. These failures begin with mechanical, thermal and corrosion fatigue cracks. On the basis of previously conducted researches, the failure of drillstring is not unknown. However, the occurrence of drillstring failure still is too much. The main reason for this can be due to complex loading, combined stresses and different types of vibrations and moreover, the corrosive and erosive behavior of drilling mud that makes the total condition of the well so difficult to analyze. In this paper, the attention is focused on the analysis of drill pipe failure and the fatigue crack is represented for the root cause of drill pipe failure. The aims of most of published papers are to examine how and why a specific drill pipe is failed and just the main reason of failure for that drill pipe is discussed in detail. In this paper all metallurgical and mechanical aspects of failure that can occur for a drill pipe, are considered and discussed. And finally, this comprehensive review leads to a conclusion that categorizes the primary sources of drill pipe failure into seven major groups and makes some recommendations to avoid them.
Formation of the Isthmus of Panama
Venue: Science Advances

Independent evidence from rocks, fossils, and genes converge on a cohesive narrative of isthmus formation in the Pliocene. The formation of the Isthmus of Panama stands as one of the greatest natural events of the Cenozoic, driving profound biotic transformations on land and in the oceans. Some recent studies suggest that the Isthmus formed many millions of years earlier than the widely recognized age of approximately 3 million years ago (Ma) a result that if true would revolutionize our understanding of environmental, ecological, and evolutionary change across the Americas. To bring clarity to the question of when the Isthmus of Panama formed, we provide an exhaustive review and reanalysis of geological, paleontological, and molecular records. These independent lines of evidence converge upon a cohesive narrative of gradually emerging land and constricting seaways, with formation of the Isthmus of Panama sensu stricto around 2.8 Ma. The evidence used to support an older isthmus is inconclusive, and we caution against the uncritical acceptance of an isthmus before the Pliocene.
Clash of the Titans: Temporal Organizing and Collaborative Dynamics in the Panama Canal Megaproject

Recent studies of temporary organizing and project based work explain how organizational actors establish and maintain clear role structures and harmonious relations in the face of precariousness by engaging in stabilizing work practices. This focus upon 'order' undervalues conflict ridden negotiations and power struggles in temporary organizing. This paper demonstrates that in temporary organizing conflict and order may exist in tandem. Drawing close to the collaborative dynamics in a large scale global project, we analyse the political struggles over role patterns and hierarchic positioning of client and agent in the temporary organization of the Panama Canal Expansion Program (PCEP) In such projects, the agent typically takes the position of project leader. In this case however, the client was formally in charge, while the agent was assigned the role of coach and mentor. The diffuse hierarchy triggered project partners to engage in both harmony seeking social and discursive practices and to enter into conflict ridden negotiations over authority relations in the everyday execution of the PCEP project. Our study contributes to existing literatures on temporal organizing by presenting a case of simultaneous practices of harmonization and contestation over mutual roles and hierarchic positions. We also show that studying collaboration between project partners involves, not merely analysing project governance structures, but also offering a context sensitive account of everyday social and discursive practices. Finally, we reflect on a view of 'permanence' and 'temporariness' as themselves contested categories and symbolic sites for struggle.
Postprandial metabolomics: A pilot mass spectrometry and NMR study of the human plasma metabolome in response to a challenge meal.
Venue: Analytica chimica acta

The study of postprandial metabolism is relevant for understanding metabolic diseases and characterizing personal responses to diet. We combined three analytical platforms gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC MS) liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to validate a multi platform approach for characterizing individual variation in the postprandial state. We analyzed the postprandial plasma metabolome by introducing, at three occasions, meal challenges on a usual diet, and 1.5 years later, on a modified background diet. The postprandial response was stable over time and largely independent of the background diet as revealed by all three analytical platforms. Coverage of the metabolome between NMR and GC MS included more polar metabolites detectable only by NMR and more hydrophobic compounds detected by GC MS. The variability across three separate testing occasions among the identified metabolites was in the range of 1.1 86% for GC MS and 0.9 42% for NMR in the fasting state at baseline. For the LC MS analysis, the coefficients of variation of the detected compounds in the fasting state at baseline were in the range of 2 97% for the positive and 4 69% for the negative mode. Multivariate analysis (MVA) of metabolites detected with GC MS revealed that for both background diets, levels of postprandial amino acids and sugars increased whereas those of fatty acids decreased at 0.5 h after the meal was consumed, reflecting the expected response to the challenge meal. MVA of NMR data revealed increasing postprandial levels of amino acids and other organic acids together with decreasing levels of acetoacetate and 3 hydroxybutanoic acid, also independent of the background diet. Together these data show that the postprandial response to the same challenge meal was stable even though it was tested 1.5 years apart, and that it was largely independent of background diet. This work demonstrates the efficacy of a multi platform metabolomics approach followed by multivariate and univariate data analysis for a broad scale screen of the individual metabolome, particularly for studies using repeated measures to determine dietary response phenotype.
Mean variance asset liability management under constant elasticity of variance process

This paper investigates a mean variance asset liability management (ALM) problem under the constant elasticity of variance (CEV) process. The company can invest in n 1 assets: one risk free bond and n risky stocks. The uncontrollable liability process is modelled by a geometric Brownian motion. The feasibility is studied and potential optimal portfolio is proven to be admissible. We derive the efficient frontier and efficient feedback portfolio in terms of the solutions of two backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) which do not admit analytical solutions in general. The closed form solutions are obtained under some special cases. Applying the Monte Carlo simulation, we provide several numerical examples to demonstrate how the efficient frontier is influenced by the relevant parameters.
A robust asset liability management framework for investment products with guarantees
Venue: OR Spectr.

This paper suggests a robust asset liability management framework for investment products with guarantees, such as guaranteed investment contracts and equity linked notes. Stochastic programming and robust optimization approaches are introduced to deal with data uncertainty in asset returns and interest rates. The statistical properties of the probability distributions of uncertain parameters are incorporated in the model through appropriately selected symmetric and asymmetric uncertainty sets. Practical data driven approaches for implementation of the robust models are also discussed. Numerical results using generated and real market data are presented to illustrate the performance of the robust asset liability management strategies. The robust investment strategies show better performance in unfavorable market regimes than traditional stochastic programming approaches. The effectiveness of robust investment strategies can be improved by calibrating carefully the shape and the size of the uncertainty sets for asset returns.
From the rhetoric to the real: A critical review of how the concepts of recovery and social inclusion may inform mental health nurse advanced level curricula The eMenthe project.
Venue: Nurse education today

This critical review addresses the question of how the concepts of recovery and social inclusion may inform mental health nurse education curricula at Master's level in order to bring about significant and positive change to practice.  This is a literature based critical review incorporating a rapid review. It has been said that if done well, this approach can be highly relevant to health care studies and social interventions, and has substantial claims to be as rigorous and enlightening as other, more conventional approaches to literature (Rolfe, 2008) DATA SOURCES In this review, we have accessed contemporary literature directly related to the concepts of recovery and social inclusion in mental health.  We have firstly surveyed the international literature directly related to the concepts of recovery and social inclusion in mental health and used the concept of emotional intelligence to help consider educational outcomes in terms of the required knowledge, skills and attitudes needed to promote these values based approaches in practice.  A number of themes have been identified that lend themselves to educational application. International frameworks exist that provide some basis for the developments of recovery and social inclusion approaches in mental health practice, however the review identifies specific areas for future development.  This is the first article that attempts to scope the knowledge, attitudes and skills required to deliver education for Master's level mental health nurses based upon the principles of recovery and social inclusion. Emotional intelligence theory may help to identify desired outcomes especially in terms of attitudinal development to promote the philosophy of recovery and social inclusive approaches in advanced practice. Whilst recovery is becoming enshrined in policy, there is a need in higher education to ensure that mental health nurse leaders are able to discern the difference between the rhetoric and the reality.
On normalized belief of Gaussian BP in correlated large MIMO channels
Venue: 2016 International Symposium on Information Theory and Its Applications (ISITA)

This paper proposes a normalized belief with the aid of node selection (NS) method in Gaussian belief propagation (GaBP) detection especially for a large multiuser multiple input multiple output (MU MIMO) configurations in bands below 6 GHz. GaBP is known as an efficient detector regarding low computational complexity as well as high detection capability only if the BS has hundreds of receive antennas and each antenna experiences uncorrelated fading. When the wavelength is long such as below 6 GHz, we face two inconvenient problems for the GaBP detection. The first one is a limitation that a base station (BS) has tens of antennas at most. Another one is impairments induced by spatial fading correlation in the BS side. As a result, GaBP is subject to ill convergence behavior of iterative detection due to lack of channel hardening effects obtained by a massive number of uncorrelated receive antennas. To improve the convergence property, we propose the novel normalized belief that is adaptively scaled according to the instantaneous channel state. Finally, we demonstrate the validity of the normalized belief with the aid of NS methods, in terms of suppression of bit error rate (BER) floor.
EVALUATION OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND IRRITATION INDEX OF LOTION CONTAINING SYZIGIUM AROMATICUM CLOVE ESSENTIAL OIL AT VARIOUS CONCENTRATION

In this study, the lotion contained essential oil of clove Syzigium a romaticum which contained eugenol as the active ingredient. Eugenol has been scientifically proven as anti inflammatory. Because its activity, the study about development of dosage form is needed. Aims of this study was to know the physical properties of spreadibility, adhesivity, pH, viscosity and irritation index of lotion with variation concentration of essential oil.Thisstudywasstartedwithaformulationoflotionwith variationconcentrationofessentialoil5%(FI) 10% (FII) 15% (FIII) Lotion was evaluated physical properties with parameters spreadibility, adhesivity, viscosity and pH. The evaluation of iritation index was done using guinea pig test animals. Data were analyzed statistically with One Way Anova at confidence level of 95% to detect a significant difference between the treatment groups. The results of the study showed the variation consentration did not influence pH the increasing concentration caused a decreasing spredibility P<0.05 and increasing adhesivity P<0.05. The all of concentration did not irritated the skin of guinea pigs.
IMAGE RESTORATION USING JOINT STATISTICAL MODELING IN SPACE TRANSFORM DOMAIN

This paper presents a description strategy for high fidelity image restoration through characterize both local smoothness and nonlocal self similarity of natural images in a unified statistical manner. The main contributions are three folds. First, from the perspective of image statistics, a joint statistical modeling (JSM) in an adaptive hybrid space transform domain is established, which offers a powerful mechanism of combining local smoothness and nonlocal self similarity simultaneously to ensure a more reliable and robust estimation. Second, a new form of minimization functional for solving image inverse problem is formulated using JSM under regularization based framework. Finally, in order to make JSM tractable and robust, a new Split Bregman based algorithm is developed to efficiently solve the above severely underdetermined inverse problem associated with theoretical proof of convergence. Extensive experiments on image inpainting, image deblurring and mixed Gaussian plus salt and pepper noise removal applications verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Image/video compressive sensing recovery using joint adaptive sparsity measure
Venue: Neurocomputing

Compressive sensing (CS) is a recently emerging technique and an extensively studied problem in signal and image processing, which enables joint sampling and compression into a unified approach. Recently, local smoothness and nonlocal self similarity have both led to superior sparsity priors for CS image restoration. In this paper, first, a new sparsity measure called joint adaptive sparsity measure (JASM) is introduced. The proposed JASM enforces both local sparsity and nonlocal 3D sparsity in transform domain, concurrently, providing a powerful mechanism for characterizing the structured sparsities of natural image. More precisely, the local sparsity depicts the local smoothness redundancies exploited by an adaptively learned sparsifying basis, and the nonlocal 3D sparsity corresponds to the nonlocal self similarity constraint achieved by a new proposed nonlocal statistical sparse modeling. Then, two novel techniques for high fidelity CS image and video recovery via JASM are proposed. The proposed methods are formulated in the form of minimization functional under regularization based framework which is solved via an efficient alternating minimization algorithm based on split Bregman framework. Comprehensive experimental results are reported to manifest the effectiveness of the proposed methods compared with the current state of the art methods in CS image/video restoration.  new sparsity measure called joint adaptive sparsity measure (JASM) is established.The proposed JASM enforces both local and nonlocal 3D sparsity in transform domain.Two novel techniques for high fidelity CS image/video recovery via JASM are proposed.Extensive experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.