nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of cold therapy in reducing pain, trismus, and oedema after impacted mandibular third molar surgery: a randomized, self controlled, observer blind, split mouth clinical trial.
Venue: International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery

Cold therapy is a conventional and widely used modality for reducing pain, trismus, and oedema after dentoalveolar surgeries. However, information reported in the literature on its effectiveness is insufficient and controversial. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of local cold application in reducing pain, trismus, and swelling after impacted mandibular third molar surgery. Thirty patients (seven males and 23 females) with bilateral symmetrical mandibular impacted third molars were enrolled in this randomized, self controlled, observer blind clinical trial. The patients were aged between 18 and 30 years. After surgical removal of the tooth on one side (intervention) ice pack therapy was given for 24h after surgery; for the other side (control) no cold therapy was given. The time interval between the two surgeries was at least 4 weeks. The amount of pain, trismus, and facial swelling was measured on days 2 and 7 postoperative, and patient satisfaction with the cold therapy vs. no cold therapy was assessed. The amount of pain, trismus, and facial swelling, and the extent of patient satisfaction were not significantly different between the intervention and control sides. Cold therapy had no beneficial effects on postoperative sequelae after impacted mandibular third molar surgery.
Comparison of the analgesic efficacy of preoperative/postoperative oral dexketoprofen trometamol in third molar surgery: A randomized clinical trial.
Venue: Journal of cranio maxillo facial surgery official publication of the European Association for Cranio Maxillo Facial Surgery

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of preoperative and postoperative dexketoprofen trometamol for pain control after third molar surgery. Sixty subjects indicated for impacted mandibular third molar surgery were randomly assigned to two groups: preoperative (group 1, n 30) and postoperative (group 2, n 30) administration. Group 1 received 25 mg of dexketoprofen trometamol 30 min before surgery and 1 placebo capsule (same color and size with active drug) immediately after surgery. Group 2 received the placebo capsule 30 min before surgery and 25 mg of dexketoprofen trometamol immediately after surgery. Pain intensity was assessed using a numeric rating scale (NRS) during the first 8 h. The time of the need for a second dose of dexketoprofen trometamol, after the first administration, was recorded. The data were analyzed using mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) Wilcoxon rank sum, and Kaplan Meier analysis. After the 8 h period, no statistically significant difference was observed in the intensity of pain (MMRM, p 0.41) and no significant difference in the time for a second dose (p 0.956) In conclusion, preoperative administration of dexketoprofen trometamol is a reasonable clinical approach that is as effective as conventional postoperative pharmacological treatment, with the advantage of allowing early analgesia before pain develops.
Coresets for Scalable Bayesian Logistic Regression
Venue: NIPS

The use of Bayesian methods in large scale data settings is attractive because of the rich hierarchical models, uncertainty quantification, and prior specification they provide. Standard Bayesian inference algorithms are computationally expensive, however, making their direct application to large datasets difficult or infeasible. Recent work on scaling Bayesian inference has focused on modifying the underlying algorithms to, for example, use only a random data subsample at each iteration. We leverage the insight that data is often redundant to instead obtain a weighted subset of the data (called a coreset) that is much smaller than the original dataset. We can then use this small coreset in any number of existing posterior inference algorithms without modification. In this paper, we develop an efficient coreset construction algorithm for Bayesian logistic regression models. We provide theoretical guarantees on the size and approximation quality of the coreset both for fixed, known datasets, and in expectation for a wide class of data generative models. Crucially, the proposed approach also permits efficient construction of the coreset in both streaming and parallel settings, with minimal additional effort. We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach on a number of synthetic and real world datasets, and find that, in practice, the size of the coreset is independent of the original dataset size. Furthermore, constructing the coreset takes a negligible amount of time compared to that required to run MCMC on it.
Brain a7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Assembly Requires NACHO
Venue: Neuron

Nicotine exerts its behavioral and additive actions through a family of brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) Enhancing a7 type nAChR signaling improves symptoms in Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. The pharmaceutical study of a7 receptors is hampered because these receptors do not form their functional pentameric structure in cell lines, and mechanisms that underlie a7 receptor assembly in neurons are not understood. Here, a genomic screening strategy solves this long standing puzzle and identifies NACHO, a transmembrane protein of neuronal endoplasmic reticulum that mediates assembly of a7 receptors. NACHO promotes a7 protein folding, maturation through the Golgi complex, and expression at the cell surface. Knockdown of NACHO in cultured hippocampal neurons or knockout of NACHO in mice selectively and completely disrupts a7 receptor assembly and abolishes a7 channel function. This work identifies NACHO as an essential, client specific chaperone for nAChRs and has implications for physiology and disease associated with these widely distributed neurotransmitter receptors.
Spontaneous Synaptic Activation of Muscarinic Receptors by Striatal Cholinergic Neuron Firing
Venue: Neuron

Cholinergic interneurons (CHIs) play a major role in motor and learning functions of the striatum. As acetylcholine does not directly evoke postsynaptic events at most striatal synapses, it remains unclear how postsynaptic cholinergic receptors encode the firing patterns of CHIs in the striatum. To examine the dynamics of acetylcholine release, we used optogenetics and paired recordings from CHIs and medium spiny neurons (MSNs) virally overexpressing G protein activated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels. Due to the efficient coupling between endogenous muscarinic receptors and GIRK channels, we found that firing of individual CHIs resulted in monosynaptic spontaneous inhibitory post synaptic currents (IPSCs) in MSNs. Paired CHI MSN recordings revealed that the high probability of acetylcholine release at these synapses allowed muscarinic receptors to faithfully encode physiological activity patterns from individual CHIs without failure. These results indicate that muscarinic receptors in striatal output neurons reliably decode CHI firing.
The lasting mental health effects of Hurricane Sandy on residents of the Rockaways.
Venue: Journal of emergency management

To examine the impact of Hurricane Sandy on the mental health and substance use of residents of the Rockaways, which is a lower income, ethnically diverse region of NYC that was devastated by the hurricane.  Prospective, cross sectional.  Rockaways, Queens, NYC community residents.  From October 2013 to April 2015, 407 adult residents of the Rockaways completed self report, validated measures of depression, anxiety, and post traumatic stress symptoms as well as indicators of substance use (alcohol, illicit substance, and tobacco use) and exposure to Hurricane Sandy.  Depression, anxiety, post traumatic stress, alcohol use, illicit substance use, and tobacco use.  Differences in exposure scores on outcomes were compared using Wilcoxon tests. Associations between hurricane exposure (categorized into "personal" and "property" exposure) and outcomes were investigated using logistic regression, adjusting for demographic covariates, mental health history, and time since hurricane. The study participants were predominately female (57.5 percent) and black (63.9 percent) and average age was 44.7 years. Multivariable results showed that property exposure scores were positively associated with increased risks of mental health difficulties across all three mental health symptom outcomes, but not substance use. Increased personal and total exposures were also significantly associated with increased Posttraumatic Stress Disorder symptoms. Substance use variables were not significantly associated with any of the hurricane exposure indicators.  The present study quantifies the lasting impact that Hurricane Sandy has had on the mental health of Rockaways residents indicating the need for continued recovery efforts and increased mental health service provision in this vulnerable region.
What Happened to Our Environment and Mental Health as a Result of Hurricane Sandy?
Venue: Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness

This study describes findings of the impacts of Hurricane Sandy on environmental factors including power outages, air quality, water quality, and weather factors and how these affected mental health during the hurricane.  An ecological study was conducted at the county level to describe changes in environmental factors especially power outages and their relationships to emergency department (ED) visits for mental health problems by use of a Poisson regression model.  We found that many environmental hazards occurred as co exposures during Hurricane Sandy in addition to flooding. Mental health ED visits corresponded with the peak of maximum daily power blackouts, with a 3 day lag, and were positively associated with power blackouts in Bronx (prevalence ratio [PR] 8.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27 61.42) and Queens (PR: 2.47, 95% CI: 1.05 5.82) counties. A possible dose response relationship was found between the quantile of maximum blackout percentage and the risk of mental health in the Bronx.  We found that multiple co environmental hazards occurred during Hurricane Sandy, especially power blackouts that mediated this disaster's impacts. The effects of power outage on mental health had large geographic variations and were substantial, especially in communities with low sociodemographic status. These findings may provide new insights for future disaster response and preparedness efforts.
Optimizing Majority Inverter Graphs with functional hashing
Venue: 2016 Design, Automation Test in Europe Conference Exhibition (DATE)

A Majority Inverter Graph (MIG) is a recently introduced logic representation form whose algebraic and Boolean properties allow for efficient logic optimization. In particular, when considering logic depth reduction, MIG algorithms obtained significantly superior synthesis results as compared to the state of the art approaches based on AND inverter graphs and commercial tools. In this paper, we present a new MIG optimization algorithm targeting size minimization based on functional hashing. The proposed algorithm makes use of minimum MIG representations which are precomputed for functions up to 4 variables using an approach based on Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) Experimental results show that heavily optimized MIGs can be further minimized also in size, thanks to our proposed methodology. When using the optimized MIGs as starting point for technology mapping, we were able to improve both depth and area for the arithmetic instances of the EPFL benchmarks beyond the current results achievable by state of the art logic synthesis algorithms.
Acting with Technology: Rehearsing for Mixed Media Live Performances
Venue: CHI

Digital technologies provide theater with new possibilities for combining traditional stage based performances with interactive artifacts, for streaming remote parallel performances and for other device facilitated audience interaction. Compared to traditional theater, mixed media performances require a different type of engagement from the actors and rehearsing is challenging, as it can be impossible to rehearse with all the functional technology and interaction. Here, we report experiences from a case study of two mixed media performances; we studied the rehearsal practices of two actors who were performing in two different plays. We describe how the actors practiced presence during rehearsal in a play where they would be geographically remote, and we describe the challenges of rehearsing with several remote and interactive elements. Our study informs the broader aims of interactive and mixed media performances through addressing critical factors of implementing technology into rehearsal practices.
Response simulation of hybrid base isolation systems under earthquake excitation

In the present work, we investigate the response of a hybrid base isolation system under earthquake excitation. The physical parameters of the hybrid base isolation system are identified from dynamic tests performed during a parallel project involving two residential buildings in the town of Solarino, Sicily, using the well established optimization procedure 'covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy' as dynamic identification algorithm in the time domain. The base isolation system consists of high damping rubber bearings and low friction sliding bearings. Two separate models are employed for the numerical simulation of the high damping rubber bearing component, namely a bilinear system and a trilinear system, both in parallel with a linear viscous damper. In addition, a linear Coulomb friction model is used to describe the behavior of the low friction sliding bearing system. Analytical solutions are provided, in compact form, for all possible phases of motion of the hybrid base isolation system under earthquake excitation. A series of numerical simulations are carried out to highlight the behavior of the considered hybrid base isolation system under different excitation and site conditions.
Diversity, structure and convergent evolution of the global sponge microbiome
Venue: Nature communications

Sponges (phylum Porifera) are early diverging metazoa renowned for establishing complex microbial symbioses. Here we present a global Porifera microbiome survey, set out to establish the ecological and evolutionary drivers of these host microbe interactions. We show that sponges are a reservoir of exceptional microbial diversity and major contributors to the total microbial diversity of the world's oceans. Little commonality in species composition or structure is evident across the phylum, although symbiont communities are characterized by specialists and generalists rather than opportunists. Core sponge microbiomes are stable and characterized by generalist symbionts exhibiting amensal and/or commensal interactions. Symbionts that are phylogenetically unique to sponges do not disproportionally contribute to the core microbiome, and host phylogeny impacts complexity rather than composition of the symbiont community. Our findings support a model of independent assembly and evolution in symbiont communities across the entire host phylum, with convergent forces resulting in analogous community organization and interactions.
A Bricolage Perspective on Technological Innovation in Emerging Markets
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management

Product innovation strategies of emerging market companies are increasingly challenging conventional wisdom. Drawing on a qualitative case study of Mahindra Reva, the only electric vehicle producer in India, this paper explores how a bricolage strategy enabled a resource constrained emerging market firm to deliver affordable, innovative, and high tech products with minimal capital investments. The findings of this study illustrate how multiple forms of bricolage can be implemented and managed at organizational and interorganizational levels. They show how different bricolage activities relate to different stages of the new product development process, and further, highlight the complementarities between bricolage and engineering activities. This paper argues that bricolage, which is typically regarded as a behavioral trait or skill that allows entrepreneurs and innovators to operate in challenging environments, can also be a carefully planned and executed strategy conducive to innovation. Thus, it suggests that a cost effective bricolage strategy can underpin emerging market companies' development of discontinuity creating and market disrupting technology products.
Transmission Line Design Handbook

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Real Time Overhead Transmission Line Monitoring for Dynamic Rating
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery

This paper discusses the wide range of real time line monitoring devices which can be used to determine the dynamic thermal rating of an overhead transmission line with the power system operating normally or during a system contingency. The most common types of real time monitors are described including those that measure the line clearance, conductor temperature, and weather data in the line right of way. The strengths and weaknesses of the various monitoring methods are evaluated, concluding that some are more effective during system normal and others during system contingency conditions.
Smaller loss planar SPP transmission line than conventional microstrip in microwave frequencies
Venue: Scientific reports

Transmission line is a basic component in all passive devices, integrated circuits, and systems. Microstrip is the most popular transmission line in the microwave and millimeter wave frequencies, and has been widely used in current electronic devices, circuits, and systems. One of the important issues to be solved in such applications is the relatively large transmission loss of microstrip. Here, we propose a method to reduce the loss of microwave transmission line based on the designable wavenumber of spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) Using this characteristic, we analyze and experimentally demonstrate the low loss feature of the SPP transmission line through the perturbation method and S parameter measurements, respectively. Both simulation and experimental results show that the SPP transmission line has much smaller transmission loss than traditional microstrip with the same size in the microwave frequencies. Hence, the spoof SPP transmission line may make a big step forward in the low loss circuits and systems.
Support vector machine based fault classification and location of a long transmission line

This paper investigates support vector machine based fault type and distance estimation scheme in a long transmission line. The planned technique uses post fault single cycle current waveform and pre processing of the samples is done by wavelet packet transform. Energy and entropy are obtained from the decomposed coefficients and feature matrix is prepared. Then the redundant features from the matrix are taken out by the forward feature selection method and normalized. Test and train data are developed by taking into consideration variables of a simulation situation like fault type, resistance path, inception angle, and distance. In this paper 10 different types of short circuit fault are analyzed. The test data are examined by support vector machine whose parameters are optimized by particle swarm optimization method. The anticipated method is checked on a 400 kV, 300 km long transmission line with voltage source at both the ends. Two cases were examined with the proposed method. The first one is fault very near to both the source end (front and rear) and the second one is support vector machine with and without optimized parameter. Simulation result indicates that the anticipated method for fault classification gives high accuracy (99.21% and least fault distance estimation error 0.29%
Rupture process of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake in relation to the thermal structure around Aso volcano
Venue: Earth, Planets and Space

We constructed the rupture process model for the 2016 Kumamoto, Japan, earthquake from broadband teleseismic body waveforms (P waves) by using a novel waveform inversion method that takes into account the uncertainty of Green's function. The estimated source parameters are: seismic moment 5.1 x 1019 Nm (Mw 7.1) fault length 40 km, and fault width 15 km. The mainshock rupture mainly propagated northeastward from the epicenter, for about 30 km, along an active strike slip fault. The rupture propagation of the mainshock decelerated and terminated near the southwest side of the Aso volcano; the aftershock activity was low around the northeastern edge of the major slip area. Our results suggest that the rupture process of the mainshock and the distribution of aftershocks were influenced by the high temperature area around the magma chamber of Mt. Aso.
Disposition and Pharmacology of a GalNAc3 conjugated ASO Targeting Human Lipoprotein (a) in Mice
Venue: Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids

Triantennary N acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc3) conjugated antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) have greatly improved potency via receptor mediated uptake. In the present study, the in vivo pharmacology of a 2' O (2 methoxyethyl) modified ASO conjugated with GalNAc3 (ISIS 681257) together with its unmodified congener (ISIS 494372) targeting human apolipoprotein (a) (apo(a) were studied in human LPA transgenic mice. Further, the disposition kinetics of ISIS 681257 was studied in CD 1 mice. ISIS 681257 demonstrated over 20 fold improvement in potency over ISIS 494372 as measured by liver apo(a) mRNA and plasma apo(a) protein levels. Following subcutaneous (SC) dosing, ISIS 681257 cleared rapidly from plasma and distributed to tissues. Intact ISIS 681257 was the major full length oligonucleotide species in plasma. In tissues, however, GalNAc sugar moiety was rapidly metabolized and unconjugated ISIS 681257 accounted 97% of the total exposure, which was then cleared slowly from tissues with a half life of 7 8 days, similar to the half life in plasma. ISIS 681257 is highly bound to plasma proteins 94% bound) which limited its urinary excretion. This study confirmed dose dependent exposure to the parent drug ISIS 681257 in plasma and rapid conversion to unconjugated ASO in tissues. Safety data and the extended half life support its further development and weekly dosing in phase 1 clinical studies.
Democratizing evolutionary biology, lessons from insects.
Venue: Current opinion in insect science

The engagement of the public in the scientific process is an old practice. Yet with recent advances in technology, the role of the citizen scientist in studying evolutionary processes has increased. Insects provide ideal models for understanding these evolutionary processes at large scales. This review highlights how insect based citizen science has led to the expansion of specimen collections and reframed research questions in light of new observations and unexpected discoveries. Given the rapid expansion of human modified (and inhabited) environments, the degree to which the public can participate in insect based citizen science will allow us to track and monitor evolutionary trends at a global scale.