nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and Severity of Sports and Recreation Injuries Presenting to a Tertiary Adult Emergency Department
Venue: The Physician and sportsmedicine

This study aims to evaluate all sports and recreation injuries that present to an emergency department, identify the activity and injury patterns associated with hospital admission, and determine injuries that could be better treated in alternative care settings.  This is a retrospective review of all sports injuries that presented to the emergency department of a high volume, urban, tertiary referral center from 1/1/2010 to 12/31/2011. These were identified by a sports term search algorithm applied to all emergency department records. The main outcome measured was hospital admission status after sports injury. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for hospital admission in the sports injury population.  1,101 of the 191,259 encounters (0.6% had 1,210 sports injuries. 84 were admitted (7.6% Basketball injuries were most prevalent (31.6% All terrain vehicle (ATV) related injuries was most often admitted (46.4% Logistic regression identified ATV riding (95% CI 6.15 23.37, p 0.001) and age over 50 years old (4.09 17.40, p 0.001) as independent risk factors for admission while basketball (0.101 0.985, p 0.047) and black race (0.17 0.77, p 0.008) were independently protective. Isolated sprains/strains and soft tissue injuries (4/649, 0.6% rarely required admission.  The 7.6% admission rate is higher than previously reported, likely because the study institution is a tertiary referral center. ATV riding is associated with higher severity injuries that are more likely to require hospital admission. Most sports injuries that present to an emergency department, specifically isolated soft tissue injuries of the extremities, may be more efficiently treated in a non emergent setting.
Complex systems approach for sports injuries: moving from risk factor identification to injury pattern recognition narrative review and new concept
Venue: British Journal of Sports Medicine

Injury prediction is one of the most challenging issues in sports and a key component for injury prevention. Sports injuries aetiology investigations have assumed a reductionist view in which a phenomenon has been simplified into units and analysed as the sum of its basic parts and causality has been seen in a linear and unidirectional way. This reductionist approach relies on correlation and regression analyses and, despite the vast effort to predict sports injuries, it has been limited in its ability to successfully identify predictive factors. The majority of human health conditions are complex. In this sense, the multifactorial complex nature of sports injuries arises not from the linear interaction between isolated and predictive factors, but from the complex interaction among a web of determinants. Thus, the aim of this conceptual paper was to propose a complex system model for sports injuries and to demonstrate how the implementation of complex system thinking may allow us to better address the complex nature of the sports injuries aetiology. According to this model, we should identify features that are hallmarks of complex systems, such as the pattern of relationships (interactions) among determinants, the regularities (profiles) that simultaneously characterise and constrain the phenomenon and the emerging pattern that arises from the complex web of determinants. In sports practice, this emerging pattern may be related to injury occurrence or adaptation. This novel view of preventive intervention relies on the identification of regularities or risk profile, moving from risk factors to risk pattern recognition.
Patterns of Change in Fairness Perceptions During the Hiring Process

The justice literature, to date, shows that changes in fairness perceptions over time are consequential for job attitudes. However, few studies have been directed at explicating how fairness perceptions change over time or individual differences in patterns of change. The present research attempts to fill this gap by exploring patterns of temporal changes in fairness perceptions toward the selection process during a hiring process and potential determinants for such change. In a 3 wave longitudinal study of the entire hiring process (pre in and post process) using a latent growth mixture modeling approach, different patterns of change in perceived fairness were modeled. In addition, the role of Big Five personality factors to predict classes of temporal patterns was examined. Results suggest that, on average, fairness perceptions declined in a non linear way over time, with high initial levels of fairness perception corresponding to a lower rate of decline, and vice versa. Four unique classes of applicants exhibiting different initial scores and growth of fairness perceptions were identified, which were predicted by the personality factors of extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Findings are discussed in terms of their implications for fairness theory and future research.
Point Prevalence and Factors Associated with Institutional Delivery Among Married Women in Reproductive Age in Abe Dongoro Woreda, Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, Oromia Region, Western Ethiopia

Giving birth in health institution which is under the care and supervision of skilled birth attendant is important to promote newborn survival and reduces maternal mortality.  To assess Point prevalence of institutional delivery service utilization and associated factors among married women's of reproductive age group in Abe dongoro Woreda, Horro Guduru Wollega zone, Oromia region, Western Ethiopia during November 4, 2014 to December 10, 2014.  A community based cross sectional study design was employed using quantitative and qualitative techniques from November 4, 2014 to December 10, 2014 among married women who gave birth in the last 12 months in Abe dongoro woreda. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 506 study participants. A Bivariate, multivariable logistic regression was fit and statistical significance was determined with a 95% confidence interval.  The study showed that 57% of mothers give birth at health facilities. Educational status of mother (AOR=3.71[95% CI=1.10 12.54] having information about benefit of giving birth at health facility (AOR=5.99 [95% CI=2.29 27.90] ANC visit for last pregnancy (AOR=15.82 [95% CI=6.08 28.14] and knowledge of mother on pregnancy complications during the last 12 months (AOR=5.21[95% CI=2.49 10.92] Showed significant associations with utilization of institutional delivery services.  Institutional delivery service utilization in Abe dongoro woreda was almost more than half and mother's education, having information about benefit of giving birth at health institution, ANC visit, and knowledge of mother on danger sign of pregnancy complications were found to be factors associated with skilled institutional delivery service utilization. Hence, at all level (home, community, heath facility, country and international) Expanding education opportunities for women especially, those living in rural area on benefit of giving birth at health institution and danger sign of pregnancy complications, Strengthening promotion of antenatal care at health facility and Creating strong linkage between antenatal care and skilled delivery.  institutional delivery service utilization
Thieno[3,4 b]pyrazine as an Electron Deficient p Bridge in D A p A DSCs.
Venue: ACS applied materials interfaces

Thieno[3,4 b]pyrazine (TPz) is examined as an electron deficient p bridge enabling near infrared (NIR) spectral access in dye sensitized solar cells (DSCs) Seven dissymmetric dyes for DSCs were synthesized (NL2 NL8) with TPz as the p bridge utilizing palladium catalyzed C H activation methodology. C H bond cross coupling was uniquely effective among the cross couplings and electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions analyzed in monofunctionalizing the TPz building block. The TPz based NL2 NL8 dyes examine the effects of various donors, p spacers, and acceptors within the donor p bridge acceptor (D p A) dye design. Proaromatic TPz stabilizes the excited state oxidation potential (E(s+/s* of the dyes by maintaining aromaticity upon excitation of the dye molecule. This leads to concise conjugated systems capable of accessing the NIR region. Through judicious structural modifications, dye band gaps were reduced to 1.48 eV, and power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) reached 7.1% in this first generation TPz dye series.
Modular synthesis of simple cycloruthenated complexes with state of the art performance in p type DSCs

A modular approach based on Suzuki Miyaura cross coupling and Miyaura borylation has been used to prepare two cyclometallated [Ru(N^N)2(C^N) complexes which possess either a carboxylic or phosphonic acid group attached via a phenylene spacer to the 4 position of the pyridine ring in the C^N ligand. The key intermediate in the synthetic pathway is [Ru(bpy)2(1) where bpy 2,2' bipyridine and H1 is 4 chloro 2 phenylpyridine. The crystal structure of [Ru(bpy)2(1)[PF6] is presented. Reaction of [Ru(bpy)2(1)[PF6] with 4 carboxyphenylboronic acid leads to [Ru(bpy)2(H6)[PF6] while the phosphonic acid analogue is isolated as the zwitterion [Ru(bpy)2(H5) The cyclometallated complexes have been characterized by mass spectrometry, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, absorption spectroscopy and electrochemistry. [Ru(bpy)2(5) adsorbs onto NiO FTO/NiO electrodes (confirmed by solid state absorption spectroscopy) and its performance in p type dye sensitized solar cells (DSCs) has been compared to that of the standard dye P1; two screen printed layers of NiO give better DSC performances than one layer. Duplicate DSCs containing [Ru(bpy)2(H5) achieve short circuit current densities (JSC) of 3.38 and 3.34 mA cm 2 and photoconversion efficiencies (e) of 0.116 and 0.109% respectively, compared to values of JSC 1.84 and 1.96 mA cm 2 and e 0.057 and 0.051% for P1. Despite its simple dye structure, the performance of [Ru(bpy)2(H5) parallels the best performing cyclometallated ruthenium(II) dye in p type DSCs reported previously (He et al.  2014, 118, 16518) and confirms the effectiveness of a phosphonic acid anchor in the dye and the attachment of the anchoring unit to the pyridine (rather than phenyl) ring of the cyclometallating ligand.
Laser assisted glass frit sealing for production large area DSCs panels

For the first time laser assisted sealing using lead free glass frit was successfully applied for producing a DSC panel with a total sealed area of 1638 cm2 and active area of 990 cm2. The panel comprises 90 DSCs individual glass sealed cells (140 mm x 13 mm) arranged in 10 sub modules (150 mm x 150 mm) Indoor aging of individual sub modules in dark and at ambient temperature for 100 days showed rather small decrease of the photocurrent conversion efficiency: 1.23 10 4 day 1. The DSC panel was tested under outdoor working conditions during 47 days in summer time (Porto, Portugal) where the average day illumination level was about 6 kW h m 2. After 47 days of continuous power production the assembled panel kept 86% of the initial efficiency. No leakage of electrolyte or visual defects in the sealed glass frit were detected. Glass sealed DSCs performed superior stability under 1000 h of ageing in a climatic chamber when compared to polymer sealed cells. The results show that the laser assisted sealing can be applied to large area DSC modules.
Dental Stem Cells (DSCs) Classification and Properties

Dental stem cells (DSCs) are a promising source of mesenchymal stem cells for use in cell therapy and regenerative medicine. To date, seven types of DSCs have been described in the literature: Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) Stem cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth (SHED) Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (PDLSCs) Dental Follicle Progenitor Cells (DFPCs) Stem Cells from Apical Papilla (SCAP) Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells (GMSCs) and human Natal Dental Pulp Stem Cells (NDP SCs) All these easily accessible stem cells can be derived from dental tissues obtained from young or adult patients.
Recent Progress in Electrode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries

Grid scale energy storage systems (ESSs) that can connect to sustainable energy resources have received great attention in an effort to satisfy ever growing energy demands. Although recent advances in Li ion battery (LIB) technology have increased the energy density to a level applicable to grid scale ESSs, the high cost of Li and transition metals have led to a search for lower cost battery system alternatives. Based on the abundance and accessibility of Na and its similar electrochemistry to the well established LIB technology, Na ion batteries (NIBs) have attracted significant attention as an ideal candidate for grid scale ESSs. Since research on NIB chemistry resurged in 2010, various positive and negative electrode materials have been synthesized and evaluated for NIBs. Nonetheless, studies on NIB chemistry are still in their infancy compared with LIB technology, and further improvements are required in terms of energy, power density, and electrochemical stability for commercialization. Most recent progress on electrode materials for NIBs, including the discovery of new electrode materials and their Na storage mechanisms, is briefly reviewed. In addition, efforts to enhance the electrochemical properties of NIB electrode materials as well as the challenges and perspectives involving these materials are discussed.
Molecular predictive markers in tumors of the gastrointestinal tract
Venue: World journal of gastrointestinal oncology

Gastrointestinal malignancies are among the leading causes of cancer related deaths worldwide. Like all human malignancies they are characterized by accumulation of mutations which lead to inactivation of tumor suppressor genes or activation of oncogenes.  This review summarizes the advances in the field of molecular biomarkers in tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, with focus on the available NGS platforms that enable comprehensive tumor molecular profile analysis.
Strategies to genetically engineer T cells for cancer immunotherapy
Venue: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is one of the most promising and innovative approaches to treat cancer, viral infections, and other immune modulated diseases. Adoptive immunotherapy using gene modified T cells is an exciting and rapidly evolving field. Exploiting knowledge of basic T cell biology and immune cell receptor function has fostered innovative approaches to modify immune cell function. Highly translatable clinical technologies have been developed to redirect T cell specificity by introducing designed receptors. The ability to engineer T cells to manifest desired phenotypes and functions is now a thrilling reality. In this review, we focus on outlining different varieties of genetically engineered T cells, their respective advantages and disadvantages as tools for immunotherapy, and their promise and drawbacks in the clinic.
Transgenic mouse models generated by hydrodynamic transfection for genetic studies of liver cancer and preclinical testing of anti cancer therapy
Venue: International journal of cancer

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide; however, the genetic mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis are incompletely understood. Genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models of HCC have been developed to elucidate the role of individual cancer related genes in hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the expensive and time consuming processes related to generating a GEM model discourage the development of diverse genotype models. Recently, a simple and inexpensive liver specific transgenic approach was developed, in which a hydrodynamics based transfection (HT) method was coupled with the Sleeping Beauty transposase system. Various HT models in which different oncogenic pathways are activated and/or tumor suppressing pathways inactivated have been developed in recent years. The applicability of HT models in liver cancer research is expected to broaden and ultimately elucidate the cooperation between oncogenic signaling pathways and aid in designing molecular therapy to target altered pathways.
The influence of gender segregation and teamsport experience on occupational discrimination in sport based employment

This research uses 30 interviews with sport based employers in the United Kingdom to examine how men's teamsport participation reproduces men's advantage in sport related occupations during hiring for sport employment positions. Not only does formalized gender segregation in sport provide men with vital social networks less attainable to women, but teamsport competition experience, through gendered notions of what counts as 'teamwork' being a 'team player' and 'leadership qualities' also provides an illusory image of employment competency implicitly gendered as masculine. Results illustrate how men's privilege of 'teamsport hegemony' occurs at the moment of social reproduction through expectations of social role congruity in leadership as well as how patterns of gender segregation within sport contribute to occupational segregation impeding women's equality. We offer policy prescriptions to address the problem.
Development and Validation of the User Version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale (uMARS)
Venue: JMIR mHealth and uHealth

The Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) provides a reliable method to assess the quality of mobile health (mHealth) apps. However, training and expertise in mHealth and the relevant health field is required to administer it.  This study describes the development and reliability testing of an end user version of the MARS (uMARS) Methods The MARS was simplified and piloted with 13 young people to create the uMARS. The internal consistency and test retest reliability of the uMARS was then examined in a second sample of 164 young people participating in a randomized controlled trial of a mHealth app. App ratings were collected using the uMARS at 1 3, and 6 month follow up.  The uMARS had excellent internal consistency (alpha .90) with high individual alphas for all subscales. The total score and subscales had good test retest reliability over both 1 2 months and 3 months.  The uMARS is a simple tool that can be reliably used by end users to assess the quality of mHealth apps.
A systematic mapping study of mobile application testing techniques
Venue: J. Syst. Softw.

We performed a systematic mapping study on mobile application testing techniques.79 empirical studies are mapped to a classification schema.Classification scheme includes, structure the topic, evaluation type and contribution facets.Several research gaps in current literature are revealed and discussed. The importance of mobile application specific testing techniques and methods has been attracting much attention of software engineers over the past few years. This is due to the fact that mobile applications are different than traditional web and desktop applications, and more and more they are moving to being used in critical domains. Mobile applications require a different approach to application quality and dependability and require an effective testing approach to build high quality and more reliable software. We performed a systematic mapping study to categorize and to structure the research evidence that has been published in the area of mobile application testing techniques and challenges that they have reported. Seventy nine (79) empirical studies are mapped to a classification schema. Several research gaps are identified and specific key testing issues for practitioners are identified: there is a need for eliciting testing requirements early during development process; the need to conduct research in real world development environments; specific testing techniques targeting application life cycle conformance and mobile services testing; and comparative studies for security and usability testing.
Inter industry creative collaborations incorporating luxury fashion brands

The purpose of this paper is to conceive the concept of inter industry creative collaboration; a unique kind of cooperation between business partners from diverse industries. It investigates the motivations that encourage their creation and identifies a method to evaluate consumers' attitudes towards this kind of partnership. The study analyses consumer based brand equity and links them to inter industry creative collaborations within the luxury fashion industry.  Research was conducted using a comparative case design, which was qualitative in nature. Four cases were selected purposively. The data were obtained using semi structured interviews with industry informants and consumer focus groups. Transcripts were thematically analysed according to common categories identified in the literature to enable cross case conclusions to be drawn.  The research proposes the existence of a direct relationship between the consumer based brand equity effects and consumer.
Fashion Promotion in Practice

Aiming to 'tell the stories of fashion' Fashion Promotion in Practice both instructs and inspires through an entertaining look at contemporary promotional practice within the fashion industry, showing you how you can apply this to your own future brands and campaigns. Offering crucial insights into the how and why of promotional practice, Fashion Promotion in Practice explores the key issues and main areas of fashion promotion, including fashion film, the democratization of the catwalk, strategic brand collaborations, fashion magazines, celebrity endorsement, curating the fashion space, advertising, public relations, and campaign planning and evaluation. Each chapter also explores the key technologies, events and activities, which have shaped each practice. This guide for fashion promotion contains exercises, case studies and interviews with major industry professionals, including Oliviero Toscani, Adam Drawas, Rebecca Grant, Kathryn Ferguson, Georgia Hardinge and Josie Roscopp, Diane Pernet, Andrea Leonardi and Katie Baron, making it a must read for all those involved in the fashion industry.
Growth in first and second generation immigrant firms in Sweden

This article contributes to the research exploring the social and economic factors shaping the performance of immigrant run firms. Drawing upon human and social capital theory and assimilation theory, we investigate differences in performance measured as revenue growth in a comparative study of native and immigrant CEOs. Following 50,002 small firms in Sweden over 4 years, we find distinct patterns in both firm size and revenue growth between firms managed by immigrants and by natives. While firms run by second generation immigrants from the Organization for Economic Co operation and Development (OECD) countries exhibit higher growth rates than natives, the reverse is true for second generation immigrants from non OECD countries, suggesting that economic integration in terms of small business growth immigrants in Sweden is characterized by segmented rather than universal assimilation.