nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Consomme t on ce que l'on seme Relations entre diversite de la production, revenu agricole et diversite alimentaire au Burkina Faso

Augmenter la production agricole peut theoriquement ameliorer la diversite de l'alimentation, via l'autoconsommation ou par l'achat de produits diversifies grace a l'augmentation du revenu agricole. Or, dans certaines regions d'Afrique de l'Ouest ou le niveau de la production est relativement eleve, on observe une faible diversite de la consommation alimentaire. L'objectif de cette etude est d'estimer, au sein de menages agricoles, les associations entre la diversite de l'alimentation des femmes et respectivement la diversite de la production et le revenu agricole. Nous avons mene une enquete aupres de 579 exploitations representatives de la region des Hauts Bassins au Burkina Faso a trois periodes entre mai 2013 et janvier 2014. La diversite agricole a ete evaluee a travers le nombre d'especes cultivees, d'arbres locaux conserves sur les parcelles et d'especes animales elevees. A partir d'un rappel qualitatif de la consommation alimentaire des 24 heures precedant l'enquete, nous avons calcule le score de diversite alimentaire des femmes en suivant les recommandations internationales recentes (nombre de groupes d'aliments consommes parmi les dix definis) Ce score est faible et ne varie pas au cours de l'annee, mais les groupes d'aliments le composant changent. Les resultats d'un modele de regression montrent que, en mai et aout 2013, la diversite alimentaire n'est pas liee au nombre de cultures mais au nombre d'especes d'arbres conserves. Les recettes monetaires agricoles des exploitations ne sont que faiblement correlees avec une meilleure diversite alimentaire toute l'annee, tandis que les recettes monetaires agricoles (mai 2013) et non agricoles des femmes le sont plus nettement. Les femmes recevant un transfert d'argent de la part du chef d'exploitation presentent par ailleurs une meilleure diversite alimentaire a toutes les saisons. Dans ce milieu rural agricole, le controle des ressources par les femmes semble etre un meilleur garant de la qualite de leur alimentation que le niveau des productions agricoles de l'exploitation.
Le revenu contributif et le revenu universel

Pour Bernard Stiegler, le revenu universel d'existence est une condition de demarrage d'un processus de transformation bien plus vaste de notre economie a moyen et long terme. Mais ce revenu de base n'est pas suffisant en tant que tel, et peut meme s'averer dangereux si sa mise en place ne sert que de pretexte a l'uberisation integrale de la societe. Sortir d'une economie entropique, destructrice de l'environnement et de nos singularites, pour construire peu a peu une economie qu'il qualifie a l'inverse de neguentropique suppose non seulement un revenu d'existence, mais surtout un revenu contributif et l'extension progressive a toute la population de la possibilite d'acceder au regime des intermittents du spectacle.
[Clinical significance of serum carbohydrate antigen 125 in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]
Venue: Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao Journal of Southern Medical University

To study the serum level of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and its relation with pulmonary hypertension.  Forty six patients with AECOPD complicated by pulmonary hypertension, 46 with AECOPD and 38 healthy control subjects were examined for their clinical data, pulmonary function, echocardiographic findings, and serum levels of lung tumor markers and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) RESULTS Compared with the healthy control group, COPD patients with or without pulmonary hypertension showed significantly decreased pulmonary function (P<0.05) especially in those with AECOPD and concurrent pulmonary hypertension (P<0.05) Serum CA125 level was obviously higher in AECOPD group than in the healthy control group, and further increased in AECOPD patients with pulmonary hypertension (P<0.05) The levels of lung tumor markers (CEA, NSE, CYFRA and PROGRP) were similar among the 3 groups (P>0.05) The serum level of BNP in patients with AECOPD and concurrent pulmonary hypertension was significantly higher than that in patients with AECOPD (P<0.05) Pearson linear correlation analysis showed that serum CA125 was positively correlated with pulmonary artery systolic pressure and BNP in AECOPD patients with pulmonary hypertension (P<0.01) CONCLUSION Serum CA125 may serve as a serological index to identify AECOPD patients with pulmonary hypertension.
The anatomy of E Learning tools: Does software usability influence learning outcomes?
Venue: Anatomical sciences education

Reductions in laboratory hours have increased the popularity of commercial anatomy e learning tools. It is critical to understand how the functionality of such tools can influence the mental effort required during the learning process, also known as cognitive load. Using dual task methodology, two anatomical e learning tools were examined to determine the effect of their design on cognitive load during two joint learning exercises. A.D.A.M. Interactive Anatomy is a simplistic, two dimensional tool that presents like a textbook, whereas Netter's 3D Interactive Anatomy has a more complex three dimensional usability that allows structures to be rotated. It was hypothesized that longer reaction times on an observation task would be associated with the more complex anatomical software (Netter's 3D Interactive Anatomy) indicating a higher cognitive load imposed by the anatomy software, which would result in lower post test scores. Undergraduate anatomy students from Western University, Canada (n 70) were assessed using a baseline knowledge test, Stroop observation task response times (a measure of cognitive load) mental rotation test scores, and an anatomy post test. Results showed that reaction times and post test outcomes were similar for both tools, whereas mental rotation test scores were positively correlated with post test values when students used Netter's 3D Interactive Anatomy (P 0.007) but not when they used A.D.A.M. Interactive Anatomy. This suggests that a simple e learning tool, such as A.D.A.M. Interactive Anatomy, is as effective as more complicated tools, such as Netter's 3D Interactive Anatomy, and does not academically disadvantage those with poor spatial ability.
Infrared Laser Heating Applied to Nanopore Sensing for DNA Duplex Analysis.
Venue: Analytical chemistry

Temperature studies coupled with resistive pulse nanopore sensing enable the quantification of a variety of important thermodynamic properties at the single molecule limit. Previous demonstrations of nanopore sensing with temperature control have utilized bulk chamber heating methodologies. This approach makes it difficult to rapidly change temperatures and enable optical access for other analytical techniques (i.e. single molecule fluorescence) To address these issues, researchers have explored laser based methodologies through either direct infrared (IR) absorption or plasmonic assisted heating. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of IR based direct absorption heating with the DNA sensing capabilities of a biological nanopore. The IR heating enables rapid changes of the temperature in and around an a hemolysin pore, and we use this to explore melting properties for short =50 bp) double stranded DNA homopolymers. We also demonstrate that the IR heating enables one to measure the percentage of different sized DNA molecules in a binary mixture.
Interference and Inhibition in Bilingual Language Comprehension: Evidence from Polish English Interlingual Homographs
Venue: PloS one

The main goal of the present study was to explore the involvement of inhibition in resolution of cross language activation in bilingual comprehension and a possible modulatory effect of L2 proficiency. We used a semantic relatedness judgment task in L2 English that included Polish English interlingual homographs and English translations of the Polish homographs' meanings. Based on previous studies using the same paradigm, we expected a strong homograph interference and inhibition of the homographs' Polish meanings translations. In addition, we predicted that participants with lower L2 proficiency would experience greater interference and stronger inhibitory effects. The reported results confirm a strong homograph interference effect. In addition, our results indicate that the scope of inhibition generalized from the homograph's irrelevant meaning to a whole semantic category, indicating the flexibility of the inhibitory mechanisms. Contrary to our expectations, L2 proficiency did not modulate the effects of interference and inhibition, possibly due to a relatively low variability in proficiency within our participant sample.
A Meta Analysis of Different Forms of Shared Leadership Team Performance Relations

Using 50 effect sizes from both published and unpublished studies (team n 3,198) we provide meta analytic support for the positive relationship between shared leadership and team performance. Employing a random effects model, we found that the theoretical foundation and associated measurement techniques used to index shared leadership significantly moderated effect size estimates. Specifically, as compared to studies that conceptualized and employed assessments of overall shared leadership from members (i.e. an aggregation approach) network conceptions and measures of shared leadership evidenced higher effect sizes. Both network density and (de)centralization approaches to the study of shared leadership performance relations exhibited significant and higher effect sizes than did the aggregation based studies. Analyses also revealed lower average effect sizes when the sample studied was in the classroom/lab as compared to the field. Task complexity significantly moderated the shared leadership, with lower effect sizes observed with more complex tasks. No significant influence of team task interdependence was observed. We highlight the relative value of employing social network theories and measures as compared to aggregate theories and measures of shared leadership. Directions for future research and application are discussed.
ASSESSMENT OF BENEFITS AND RISK OF THE INVESTMENT IN TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF INNOVATION INDICES COMPARISON

The development of the Member States is based on innovation, because it promotes the social, technological and economic development, to ensure the sustainability of such development. The company, which does not seek to increase productivity of labour and capacity utilisation, is not competitive in local and international market. However, not all companies are investing in innovation for a high risk. The main purpose of the article is to assess the situation for investment in technological innovation, benefits and risks in the context of the comparison of the innovation index. To achieve this, the article is done for investments in innovation, the risk benefit analysis to evaluate the Global Networks of innovation and the preparation of indexes. Done by Lithuanian and foreign research, empirical research and analysis of the economic literature, the analysis of the scientific literature, Pat used grouping of information, comparison, drill down, and a graphic summary of modeling methods. The overall level of innovation of the country shows the Global innovation index, and the level of technological innovation in the Network readiness index. Both of these indices is to recognize, as some of the best innovation of the country reflecting the status of the indicators. According to the indices it is a comparative analysis of the State of the relationship between the innovation and technological innovation, and the economic strength of the State. In accordance with the potential benefits and risks of the investment in innovation to find out why businesses and States it is worth for long term investment for innovation, what are the possible dangers of success and failure. A high level of technological innovation leads to a high overall level of innovation. The higher the level of technological innovation increases the total level of innovation in the country.
Knowledge Management as Change Agent to Ensure the Sustainability of Emerging Knowledge Organizations

Few researchers addressed the link between information technology and knowledge transfer, and even fewer the relationships between motivational leadership and knowledge management. While it is realised in the literature that it might be a little problematic to implement knowledge management as a change agent during organizational change, it is argued that it can be used by what is today referred to as knowledge leaders, to manage not only knowledge creation, storing and codification, but also knowledge sharing to enhance the learning culture of emerging knowledge organizations. The commonality of most recent research indicates an emphasised focus on knowledge management (technical, human and communication components) and it is argued that knowledge leaders should implement strategic integrated communication to ensure the sustainability of knowledge organizations. These knowledge leaders should be able to: empower individuals to respond creatively to changing situations; adopt personal and active attitudes, individual and organizational goals; contribute to resonant leadership practices; should be selfand socially aware of emotions and goals; be equipped with skills such as selfand relationship management which is characterised by transparency, adaptability, collaboration and motivation; and should be associated with a supportive organizational climate due to a constructive organizational culture with the aim to inspire people to learn. Where knowledge management focuses on two main theoretical perspectives, namely human capital and knowledge based theory, the theory of strategic integrated communication emphasises that knowledge leaders should acknowledge the premises of the strategic intent of the organization by managing information through, inter alia, motivation, innovation and creativity. The research problem is that in spite of the tremendous research opportunities to examine these constructs, limited research has been conducted from emerging knowledge organization perspectives, especially during change and transformation. This study addressed this gap to enhance the field's discussion with the main aim to critically review existing literature based on an interpretivistic approach from a predominantly postmodern perspective. Hence a theoretical framework has been developed to indicate the interrelationship of these concepts which should be considered by emerging knowledge organizations in future to ensure sustainable stakeholder relationships.
Hippopotamus (H. amphibius) diet change indicates herbaceous plant encroachment following megaherbivore population collapse
Venue: Scientific reports

Megaherbivores >1000 kg) are critical for ecosystem health and function, but face population collapse and extinction globally. The future of these megaherbivore impoverished ecosystems is difficult to predict, though many studies have demonstrated increasing representation of C3 woody plants. These studies rely on direct observational data, however, and tools for assessing decadal scale changes in African ecology without observation are lacking. We use isotopic records of historical common hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) canines to quantify herbaceous vegetation change in Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda following a period of civil unrest and poaching. This poaching event led to population collapse of two threatened African megaherbivore species: hippopotamus and African elephants (Loxodonta africana) Serial carbon isotope ratios (d13C) in canine enamel from individuals that lived between 1960 2000 indicated substantial increases in C3 herbaceous plants in their diet <20% C3 in the 1960s to 30 45% C3 in the 80s and 90s) supported by other observational and ecological data. These data indicate megaherbivore loss results in succession of both woody and herbaceous C3 vegetation and further reaching effects, such as decreased grazing capacity and herbivore biodiversity in the area. Given multiple lines of evidence, these individuals appear to accurately capture herbaceous vegetation change in Mweya.
Australian human and parrot Chlamydia psittaci strains cluster within the highly virulent 6BC clade of this important zoonotic pathogen
Venue: Scientific reports

Chlamydia psittaci is an avian pathogen and zoonotic agent of atypical pneumonia. The most pathogenic C. psittaci strains cluster into the 6BC clade, predicted to have recently emerged globally. Exposure to infected parrots is a risk factor with limited evidence also of an indirect exposure risk. Genome sequencing was performed on six Australian human and a single avian C. psittaci strain isolated over a 9 year period. Only one of the five human patients had explicit psittacine contact. Genomics analyses revealed that the Australian C. psittaci strains are remarkably similar, clustering tightly within the C. psittaci 6BC clade suggested to have been disseminated by South America parrot importation. Molecular clock analysis using the newly sequenced C. psittaci genomes predicted the emergence of the 6BC clade occurring approximately 2,000 years ago. These findings reveal the potential for an Australian natural reservoir of C. psittaci 6BC strains. These strains can also be isolated from seriously ill patients without explicit psittacine contact. The apparent recent and global spread of C. psittaci 6BC strains raises important questions over how this happened. Further studies may reveal whether the dissemination of this important zoonotic pathogen is linked to Australian parrot importation rather than parrots from elsewhere.
Organized crime or crime that is organized? The parrot trade in the neotropics

The illegal wildlife trade is one of the most profitable illegal industries in the world, only behind the trafficking of drugs, guns, and humans. Because of the relative ease in poaching wildlife combined with the possibility of high profit margins, many assume that organized crime is heavily linked to the trade. One group of species that is poached, trafficked and sold in illicit markets throughout the world are parrots. While some have claimed organized crime groups are involved in the trade, parrot experts contend there is no evidence of organized crime being involved. The purpose of this paper is to examine the structural organization of the illegal parrot trade in the neotropics to determine if the trade is driven by organized crime or if it is a simply a crime that is organized. The following study is based on 38 interviews with parrot poachers, middlemen, wildlife market sellers, and others knowledgeable on the trade in multiple cities within Bolivia and Peru to better understand the organization of the trade. The results garnered from these interviews do not support the notion that organized crime is involved in the illegal parrot trade in either country. The vast majority of participants are freelance operators where there appears to be no formal organization between or amongst those operating in the parrot trade. Implications of findings are discussed.
Endangered plant parrot mutualisms: seed tolerance to predation makes parrots pervasive dispersers of the Parana pine
Venue: Scientific reports

Parrots are largely considered plant antagonists as they usually destroy the seeds they feed on. However, there is evidence that parrots may also act as seed dispersers. We evaluated the dual role of parrots as predators and dispersers of the Critically Endangered Parana pine (Araucaria angustifolia) Eight of nine parrot species predated seeds from 48% of 526 Parana pines surveyed. Observations of the commonest parrot indicated that 22.5% of the picked seeds were dispersed by carrying them in their beaks. Another five parrot species dispersed seeds, at an estimated average distance of c. 250 m. Dispersal distances did not differ from those observed in jays, considered the main avian dispersers. Contrary to jays, parrots often dropped partially eaten seeds. Most of these seeds were handled by parrots, and the proportion of partially eaten seeds that germinated was higher than that of undamaged seeds. This may be explained by a predator satiation effect, suggesting that the large seeds of the Parana pine evolved to attract consumers for dispersal. This represents a thus far overlooked key plant parrot mutualism, in which both components are threatened with extinction. The interaction is becoming locally extinct long before the global extinction of the species involved.
SqueezeNet: AlexNet level accuracy with 50x fewer parameters and <1MB model size
Venue: ArXiv

Recent research on deep neural networks has focused primarily on improving accuracy. For a given accuracy level, it is typically possible to identify multiple DNN architectures that achieve that accuracy level. With equivalent accuracy, smaller DNN architectures offer at least three advantages: (1) Smaller DNNs require less communication across servers during distributed training. (2) Smaller DNNs require less bandwidth to export a new model from the cloud to an autonomous car. (3) Smaller DNNs are more feasible to deploy on FPGAs and other hardware with limited memory. To provide all of these advantages, we propose a small DNN architecture called SqueezeNet. SqueezeNet achieves AlexNet level accuracy on ImageNet with 50x fewer parameters. Additionally, with model compression techniques we are able to compress SqueezeNet to less than 0.5MB (510x smaller than AlexNet) The SqueezeNet architecture is available for download here: this https URL
Modifying the hip abduction angle during bridging exercise can facilitate gluteus maximus activity.
Venue: Manual therapy

To investigate how the erector spinae (ES) and gluteus maximus (GM) muscle activity and the anterior pelvic tilt angle change with different hip abduction angles during a bridging exercise.  Twenty healthy participants (10 males and 10 females, aged 21.6 1.6) voluntarily participated in this study. Surface electromyography (EMG) signals were recorded from the ES and GM during bridging at three hip abduction angles: 0deg, 15deg, and 30deg. Simultaneously, the anterior pelvic tilt angle was measured using Image J software.  The EMG amplitude of the GM muscle and the GM/ES EMG ratio were greatest at 30deg hip abduction, followed by 15deg and then 0deg hip abduction during the bridging exercise. In contrast, the ES EMG amplitude at 30deg hip abduction was significantly lesser than that at 0deg and 15deg abduction. Additionally, the anterior pelvic tilt angle was significantly lower at 30deg hip abduction than at 0deg or 15deg.  Bridging with 30deg hip abduction can be recommended as an effective method to selectively facilitate GM muscle activity, minimize compensatory ES muscle activity, and decrease the anterior pelvic tilt angle.