nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Blowup for flat slow manifolds

In this paper we present a method for extending the blowup method, in the formulation of Krupa and Szmolyan, to flat slow manifolds that lose hyperbolicity beyond any algebraic order. Although these manifolds have infinite co dimension, they do appear naturally in certain settings. For example in (a) the regularization of piecewise smooth systems by \tanh$ (b) a model of aircraft landing dynamics, and finally (c) in a model of earthquake faulting. We demonstrate the approach on a simple model system and the examples (a) and (b)
Affective Personalization of a Social Robot Tutor for Children's Second Language Skills
Venue: AAAI

Though substantial research has been dedicated towards using technology to improve education, no current methods are as effective as one on one tutoring. A critical, though relatively understudied, aspect of effective tutoring is modulating the student's affective state throughout the tutoring session in order to maximize long term learning gains. We developed an integrated experimental paradigm in which children play a second language learning game on a tablet, in collaboration with a fully autonomous social robotic learning companion. As part of the system, we measured children's valence and engagement via an automatic facial expression analysis system. These signals were combined into a reward signal that fed into the robot's affective reinforcement learning algorithm. Over several sessions, the robot played the game and personalized its motivational strategies (using verbal and non verbal actions) to each student. We evaluated this system with 34 children in preschool classrooms for a duration of two months. We saw that (1) children learned new words from the repeated tutoring sessions, (2) the affective policy personalized to students over the duration of the study, and (3) students who interacted with a robot that personalized its affective feedback strategy showed a significant increase in valence, as compared to students who interacted with a non personalizing robot. This integrated system of tablet based educational content, affective sensing, affective policy learning, and an autonomous social robot holds great promise for a more comprehensive approach to personalized tutoring.
Evaluation of Tp e interval and Tp e/ QTc ratio in patients with mild to moderate psoriasis

Many systemic diseases including cardiovascular disturbances have been described in psoriatic patients. In the previous studies, left ventricle (LV) subclinical myocardial dysfunction was reported in the psoriasis patients. The T wave peak to end (Tp e) interval is a relatively new marker for ventricular arrhythmogenesis and repolarization heterogeneity. Prolongation of this interval represents a period of potential vulnerability to ventricular arrhythmias. However, there is no information available assessing the Tp e interval and related calculations in patients with psoriasis disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate ventricular repolarization in patients with psoriasis disease by using QT, corrected QT (QTc) and Tp e interval, Tp e/QT ratio, and Tp e/QTc ratio.  In this study, retrospective analysis of 30 patients who underwent the psoriasis treatment and of 30 healthy individuals was performed. The severity of the disease was evaluated by the "Psoriasis Area and Severity Index" QT, corrected QT (QTc) Tp e interval and Tp e/QT ratio were measured by means of the 12 lead electrocardiogram. Left ventricular function was evaluated by echocardiography.  Baseline characteristics and QT and QTc intervals were similar in both groups. No difference was detected between the groups with regards to Tp e interval (83.0+ 9 vs 82.3+ 10; p =0.81) Tp e/QT (0.22+ 0.03 vs 0.23+ 0.04; p =0.3) and Tp Te/QTc (0.20+ 0.04 vs 0.19+ 0.04; p =0.77)  These findings suggest that ventricular repolarization in mild to moderate psoriasis patients might be unimpaired. Larger samples and severe degree psoriasis patients are needed to evaluate the arrhythmia risk in psoriasis patients.
Evaluation of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume in patients with psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, systemic disease. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) is used to evaluate the disease activity and response to therapy in psoriasis patients. However, more objective laboratory tools should be developed beside PASI. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume are inflammatory biomarkers that are known to be evaluated in various inflammatory diseases. The purpose of this study was to analyse the levels of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume in psoriasis patients and to investigate the relationship between these biomarkers and the disease activity.  Fourty nine patients with chronic plaque psoriasis and 47 controls were included in the study. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume values of two groups were retrospectively evaluated.  Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio levels were significantly higher in patients with psoriasis than in healthy controls (p0.05)  In the recent studies, it has been mentioned that the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume have prognostic importance for cardiovascular diseases. Assessment and management of the inflammatory status in psoriasis patients is important to prevent the comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases. With this purpose, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio might be considered as an easily accessed, available and cost effective laboratory marker.
The Impact of Internal Marketing on the Market Orientation in Commercial Banks (Case Study: Agricultural Bank of Khuzestan)

Market orientation is considered as the major element of marketing and an important factor that enables the organization to make sense of the market and establish appropriate product/service strategies to meet the needs and demands of customers. Several studies indicate that market orientation is effective in improving organizational performance and profitability, especially in financial services industry. To this end, a clear sense making of factors creating market orientation seems to be essential. In the present study, internal marketing, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior are considered as the market orientation creation factors that will help the organization be flexible and respond to market changes, and offer solutions in this regard. Based on the previous studies and the research hypotheses, a model was designed to illustrate the interactive effects of these variables; and according to LISERL software, which was used to test the model, an appropriate fitness was observed. This study is a practical correlational study in terms of objective. The results showed despite the fact that there is no significant relationship between organizational commitment and market orientation, internal marketing and organizational citizenship behavior affect market orientation.
Triboelectric Nanogenerators Driven Self Powered Electrochemical Processes for Energy and Environmental Science

Ever since the discovery of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) by Wang's group in January 2012, various breakthroughs have been achieved in the fundamental mechanisms of TENG as well as the demonstrated self powered systems. TENG has shown many advantages in micro scale energy harvesting for applications in sensors and portable devices. As a self sufficient power source, TENG can be used in conjunction with electrochemical processes as self powered electrochemistry without the use of external power source. This review mainly focuses on the updated progress in TENGs for both high performance energy conversion and self powered electrochemical systems in application such as water splitting, sea water desalination, air pollution cleaning, degradation of organic pollutant, collecting of heavy metal ions and many more. The idea of performing electrochemistry without using an external power could be useful for large scale application in environmental science.
Analysis of Big Data technologies for use in agro environmental science
Venue: Environ. Model. Softw.

Recent developments like the movements of open access and open data and the unprecedented growth of data, which has come forward as Big Data, have shifted focus to methods to effectively handle such data for use in agro environmental research. Big Data technologies, together with the increased use of cloud based and high performance computing, create new opportunities for data intensive science in the multi disciplinary agro environmental domain. A theoretical framework is presented to structure and analyse data intensive cases and is applied to three case studies, together covering a broad range of technologies and aspects related to Big Data usage. The case studies indicate that most persistent issues in the area of data intensive research evolve around capturing the huge heterogeneity of interdisciplinary data and around creating trust between data providers and data users. It is therefore recommended that efforts from the agro environmental domain concentrate on the issues of variety and veracity. A theoretical framework is presented to frame and analyse Big Data use cases.Three case studies related to agro environmental modelling, covering the range of Big Data characteristics are analysed.Most persistent issues in agro environmental science concern variety and veracity.Approaches to deal with variety and veracity issues are presented.
A BIBLIOGRAPHIC AND FIELD RECORD CHRONOLOGY OF SHARKS AT CABO PULMO NATIONAL PARK, GULF OF CALIFORNIA

Cronologia de tiburones del Parque Nacional Cabo Pulmo, Golfo de California; registros bibliograficos y de campo El arrecife de Cabo Pulmo en el suroeste del Golfo de California, Mexico (23deg 26' N, 109deg 25' W) es considerado una de las areas protegidas mas exitosas del Pacifico americano, ya que durante este siglo han habido aumentos en abundancia y biomasa de peces carnivoros residentes (pargos, cabrillas, jureles, tiburones, etc. Ello se debe al regimen de no pesca y el buen estado de conservacion que le permiten mantener niveles altos de productividad primaria y secundaria. El aumento en el flujo de materia y energia ha provocado la llegada de especies de niveles troficos altos como los tiburones, los cuales son mas frecuentes y representan una atraccion turistica local. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar una cronologia de la aparicion de las distintas especies de tiburones en Cabo Pulmo, con base en bibliografia, trabajo de campo y consultas con residentes locales, guias de buceo y especialistas que han visitado la zona en los ultimos 15 anos. Los resultados muestran que en el arrecife de Cabo Pulmo se han registrado 11 especies de tiburones de 9 generos y 6 familias; ocho de estas fueron anotadas en diversas fuentes bibliograficas; aqui se cita por primera vez la ocurrencia de tres mas Sphyrna lewini, Gynglymostoma cirratum y Carcharhinus longimanus La llegada de estas especies a la zona arrecifal pudiera ser indicativo de un buen estado del ecosistema local, por ello es de esperarse que los proximos anos se registre un numero mayor de especies de tiburones, o de su biomasa.
Effects from nano titanium oxide on the thermal resistance of an intumescent fire retardant coating for structural applications

Due to its effective performance, intumescent fire retardant coating (IFRC) is widely used by oil and gas industries as well as in processing and petrochemicals plants to protect metallic substrates from fire. The present work developed an epoxy based IFRC comprising phosphate, nitrogen, barium and boron containing flame retardants. The product was reinforced with nano titanium oxide and then examined for performance with a lab scale hydrocarbon fire test. Thermal analysis of the coating was evaluated using TGA and DTGA under nitrogen and oxygen environments. Further characterization studies included FESEM, EDS, FTIR, XRD and XRF to determine effects from nano titanium oxide on char's performance. Results indicated that a coating reinforced with 4.5 wt% of nano TiO 2 added residual weight to the coating and provided longer thermal protection time compared to conventional fire retardant coatings.
Mechanical properties of nano titanium oxide particles hybrid jute glass FRP composites

Fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) are composite materials made of plastics reinforced with fibers. Fiber reinforced plastics find increased applications in automotive, marine, aerospace and construction industries. The objective of the present work is to study the effect of nano titanium oxide fillers on the properties of hybrid jute glass FRP composites. In the present work, nano titanium oxide particles hybrid jute glass FRP composites were manufactured with glass fiber chopped strand mat, woven jute mat, polyester resin and nano titanium oxide fillers by the hand layup method. The nano titanium oxide fillers were incorporated in different weight ratios in the fiber reinforced plastics and the mechanical properties were evaluated.
Effects of new coated release fertilizer on the growth of maize

Slow or controlled release fertilizers have been researched and used more and more widely, developing new slow or controlled release fertilizers is very important. To improve the use efficiency of inorganic fertilizers through the use of coated fertilizer and nitrification inhibitors, 3 newly developed fertilizers (FCRF1:coated fertilizer 1% DCD, FCRF2: coated fertilizer 2% DCD and FCRF3:coated fertilizer 4% DCD) amended with nitrification inhibitors (DCD, C2H4N4) and coated with fly ash were prepared by coating conventional compound fertilizer (N P K: 15 6.55 12.4) Using a coated fertilizer (resin coated compound fertilizer, N P K: 15 6.55 12.4, 90 day, CRF) made in China and a conventional compound fertilizer (CCF) as checks, their effects on physiological characteristics, yield and quality of maize were examined in a field experiment. The results indicated that, compared to CCF, 3 new developed fertilizers kept higher ammonium nitrogen (NH4+ N)and nitrate nitrogen (NO3 N) content at later stages and FCRF3 had the highest content, being similar to CRF treatment. At tasselling stage (TS) and filling stage (FS) the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were significantly increased upon FCRF1, FCRF2 and FCRF3 treatments. In addition, FCRF1, FCRF2 and FCRF3 treatments produced 24.0 35.8% more grain yield, 57.2% 74.4% more total yield, increased 11.20% 49.55% starch, 61.38% 113% protein and 2.67% 9.33% Vitamine C content than CCF,respectively. This product with excellent slow release capacity, being easy to get at a low price and environment friendly, could be especially useful in agricultural application.
A critical review of source code size estimation approaches for object oriented programming languages A comparative study

Size estimation plays a key role in effort estimation that has a crucial impact on software projects in the software industry. We investigate the accuracy of early lines of code (LOC) estimation approaches for an object oriented system at the early software development phase. We have validated the proposed methods using samples from both the software industry and open source systems. In this paper, authors perform a comparative study of several size estimation models on C+ C# and Java programs by using object oriented metrics to estimate LOC, which comprise measures for #classes, class size, #methods per class, #attributes per class etc. We applied Surface Response Modeling (SRM) method, a case of Design of Experiment (DOE) method, in order to determine the factors that contribute most to the estimation model accuracy.
Highly Flexible Hybrid CMOS Inverter Based on Si Nanomembrane and Molybdenum Disulfide.
Venue: Small

2D semiconductor materials are being considered for next generation electronic device application such as thin film transistors and complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuit due to their unique structural and superior electronics properties. Various approaches have already been taken to fabricate 2D complementary logics circuits. However, those CMOS devices mostly demonstrated based on exfoliated 2D materials show the performance of a single device. In this work, the design and fabrication of a complementary inverter is experimentally reported, based on a chemical vapor deposition MoS2 n type transistor and a Si nanomembrane p type transistor on the same substrate. The advantages offered by such CMOS configuration allow to fabricate large area wafer scale integration of high performance Si technology with transition metal dichalcogenide materials. The fabricated hetero CMOS inverters which are composed of two isolated transistors exhibit a novel high performance air stable voltage transfer characteristic with different supply voltages, with a maximum voltage gain of 16, and sub nano watt power consumption. Moreover, the logic gates have been integrated on a plastic substrate and displayed reliable electrical properties paving a realistic path for the fabrication of flexible/transparent CMOS circuits in 2D electronics.
Electrical and photo electrical properties of MoS2 nanosheets with and without an Al2O3 capping layer under various environmental conditions
Venue: Science and technology of advanced materials

The electrical and photo electrical properties of exfoliated MoS2 were investigated in the dark and in the presence of deep ultraviolet (DUV) light under various environmental conditions (vacuum, N2 gas, air, and O2 gas) We examined the effects of environmental gases on MoS2 flakes in the dark and after DUV illumination through Raman spectroscopy and found that DUV light induced red and blue shifts of peaks (E1 2 g and A1 g) position in the presence of N2 and O2 gases, respectively. In the dark, the threshold voltage in the transfer characteristics of few layer (FL) MoS2 field effect transistors (FETs) remained almost the same in vacuum and N2 gas but shifted toward positive gate voltages in air or O2 gas because of the adsorption of oxygen atoms/molecules on the MoS2 surface. We analyzed light detection parameters such as responsivity, detectivity, external quantum efficiency, linear dynamic range, and relaxation time to characterize the photoresponse behavior of FL MoS2 FETs under various environmental conditions. All parameters were improved in their performances in N2 gas, but deteriorated in O2 gas environment. The photocurrent decayed with a large time constant in N2 gas, but decayed with a small time constant in O2 gas. We also investigated the characteristics of the devices after passivating by Al2O3 film on the MoS2 surface. The devices became almost hysteresis free in the transfer characteristics and stable with improved mobility. Given its outstanding performance under DUV light, the passivated device may be potentially used for applications in MoS2 based integrated optoelectronic circuits, light sensing devices, and solar cells.
Development of a sustainability risk assessment index of a mechanical system at conceptual design stage

The increasing environmental concerns owing to the use of various engineering gadgets worldwide have posed a greater challenge for product designers, manufacturers, risk analysts and environmentalists in the design and development of various systems. In a system design environment, where sustainability risk assessment is the focus of the designer, the systematic consideration of sustainability risk during the conceptual design stage is a function of environmental impact of a system. This research paper presents a framework for sustainability risk assessment of a mechanical system at conceptual design stage. The system parameters are identified. These parameters are referred as Sustainability Risk Assessment parameters. Based on the parameters identified, the relationships among these parameters are also identified. These relationships are represented by means of a sustainability risk assessment graph. To avoid complexity of the graph while analyzing the system, it is represented by a matrix, which helps in developing the sustainability risk assessment expression. For analytical assessment, permanent risk function is obtained. Finally, an index is developed for evaluating various mechanical design systems from risk consideration. This framework will help designers while developing mechanical systems at conceptual design stage considering risk through sustainability. The proposed approach has been applied to a material selection case study. The relationships among various sustainability risk assessment parameters are established. Finally graph theory and matrix approach is applied for ranking of various design alternatives from sustainability risk assessment point of view.
Horticultural Production Systems Influence Ground Beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Distribution and Diversity in Cucurbits
Venue: Environmental Entomology

Commercial cucurbit production typically involves agriculturally intensive practices, with fields prepared using conventional tillage, plasticulture, and chemically based pestmanagement. Conservation basedmanagement options are limited. In this study, we consider two alternative strategies, strip tillage and the use of row covers. We compare their impact on the beneficial carabid beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) community in melons and squash, following conventional or organic systems, over two years. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that soil management system (strip tillage versus plasticulture) was the primary variable influencing carabid distribution; row cover was a less important factor. The response to soilmanagement was species dependent. Some dominant species, such as Harpalus pensylvanicus DeGeer, demonstrated no preference for a particular soil treatment. For others, including the tiger beetle, Cicindela punctulata Olivier, and a slug predator, Chlaenius tricolor Dejean, activity density was higher in strip tillage production systems. Our analysis suggested that strip tillage production systems support a richer, more diverse carabid community. These results demonstrate that even within intensive annual horticultural systems, production practices can play a critical role in shaping the beneficial arthropod community, potentially encouraging or limiting ecosystem services.
Renal cell carcinoma: links and risks
Venue: International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease

This review provides an overview of the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and a summary of the most commonly associated risk factors. A literature review was performed with a focus on recent studies with a high level of evidence (large prospective cohort studies and meta analyses) The incidence rate of RCC varies globally, with the rate rising rapidly in more developed regions, demonstrating the effects of increased use of diagnostic imaging and prevalence of modifiable risk factors. Based on the current evidence, cigarette smoking, obesity, and hypertension are the most well established risk factors for sporadic RCC worldwide. Acquired cystic kidney disease is also a significant risk factor, specifically in dialysis patients. There is increasing evidence for an inverse association between RCC risk and moderate alcohol consumption. Certain analgesics and occupational exposure have been linked to an increased risk of RCC, although data are limited. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables may provide a protective effect.