nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Microbiological quality of fermented Cassava Flakes (Gari) sold in Yenagoa, Metropolis, Nigeria

The study investigated the microbial quality of gari (viz yellow and white) sold in five markets of Yenagoa metropolis, Nigeria. Three Fifteen samples of each type of gari were obtained from each market. Microbiological examination of the samples was carried using standard microbiological procedure. Results showed that total heterotrophic bacteria, total coliform and total fungi ranged from 3.848 to 4.973 Log cfu/g, 2.659 to 3.793 Log cfu/g and 3.371 to 3.832 Log cfu/g respectively (yellow gari 4.206 to 5.206 Log cfu/g, 3.242 to 3.803 Log cfu/g, and 3.887 to 4.145 Log cfu/g respectively (white gari Analysis of variance of Log coliform forming counts showed that there was no significance difference (P>0.05) among the various markets. The microbial density is within acceptable and tolerable level for ready to eat food. The bacterial species tentatively identified in both gari types include Micrococcus, Klebsiella, Proteus, Bacillus and Corynebacterium species Pseudomonas aeruginosa Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes and E. coli The fungal species are Aspergillus niger, Fusarium, Rhizopus, Mucor and Penicillium species. Some of these microbes found in gari samples are suspected potential pathogens to human health.
Application of ontology in vulnerability analysis of metro operation systems

Vulnerability analysis plays a key role in the metro operation system, since the metro operation security has become more important than ever. The vulnerability management is a systems engineering, it covers different departments of the metro operation company. A successful vulnerability management needs the close cooperation and coordination between them. However, it has blocked a successful vulnerability management due to lack of the common knowledge basis. This paper applies ontology into the vulnerability analysis of the metro operation system and illustrated the major design ideas of the ontology model. Examples are given as well to demonstrate the implementation of knowledge reasoning based on the ontology. The ontology was also evaluated through expert evaluation for further improvement. By using this technology, a common knowledge base of the vulnerability management in the metro operation system can be built. It provides information sharing, communication and collaboration for all the participants in the system for decision making. Moreover, further development of the intelligent application can be built based on it, efficiently increasing the management level of the vulnerability.
Adaptive Modelling for Security Analysis of Networked Control Systems
Venue: ICS CSR

Incomplete information about connectivity and functionality of elements of networked control systems is a challenging issue in applying model based security analysis in practice. This issue can be addressed by modelling techniques providing inherent mechanisms to describe incomplete information. We present and exemplary demonstrate a new, ontology based method to adaptively model and analyse networked control systems from a security perspective. Our method allows modelling different parts of the system with different levels of detail. We include a formalism to handle incomplete information by applying iterative extension and iterative refinement of the model where necessary. By using machine based reasoning on an ontology model of the system, security relevant information is deduced. During this process, non obvious attack vectors are identified using a structural analysis of the model and by connecting the model to vulnerability information.
What Guests Really Think of Your Hotel: Text Analytics of Online Customer Reviews

Hotel ratings do not tell the full story of how guests view a hotel, according to an analysis of the text of 5,830 reviews covering 57 hotels in Moscow, Russia. The study found, for instance, that negative comments have a heavier weight in a guest's rating of a hotel than do positive comments. This uneven weighting means that a simple average of positive and negative scores may not provide a clear view of guests' opinion of the hotel. This finding also underlines the importance of consistency, because guests' bad feelings from poor service generally will submerge their favorable feelings from good service. The study applied a regression analysis to the relationships of 18,106 distinct terms relating to five specific attributes amenities, experience, location, transactions, and value. Reviews for different hotel tiers gave varying weights to those attributes. For instance, the guest's experience was mentioned more commonly in reviews of high tier hotels, while amenities and location came up more frequently for motels in the middle tier compared to hotels in other tiers. Guests at the lower tier properties wrote more commonly about transactions and value than those staying at hotels in the middle and high tiers. One particularly noticeable feature of the reviews is that ratings sank when guests wrote lengthy reviews that focused tightly on a limited number of hotel attributes, while relatively briefer reviews that took a wider view of the hotel generally had higher ratings. The study also found that guests write more about value and transactions when they are dissatisfied. Thus, text analytics can point to specific steps managers can take to improve guests' assessments and their hotels' ratings.
What Do Low Vision Users Really Want from Smart Glasses? Faces, Text and Perhaps No Glasses at All
Venue: ICCHP

Recent advances in low cost wearable computers opens up new possibilities for the development of innovative visual aids. A head mounted display with cameras that capture views of the physical world, a wearable computer can process the image and present an augmented view to the user. Although, some research is reported into the development of such visual prosthetics the functionalities often appear ad hoc. This study set out to identify what functionality visually impaired users need in various contexts to reduce barriers. Information was gathered via interviews of visually impaired individuals. The results show that recognizing faces and text is the most important functions while the idea of smart glasses where questioned.
SentiTurkNet: a Turkish polarity lexicon for sentiment analysis
Venue: Lang. Resour. Evaluation

Sentiment analysis aims to extract the sentiment polarity of given segment of text. Polarity resources that indicate the sentiment polarity of words are commonly used in different approaches. While English is the richest language in regard to having such resources, the majority of other languages, including Turkish, lack polarity resources. In this work we present the first comprehensive Turkish polarity resource, SentiTurkNet, where three polarity scores are assigned to each synset in the Turkish WordNet, indicating its positivity, negativity, and objectivity (neutrality) levels. Our method is general and applicable to other languages. Evaluation results for Turkish show that the polarity scores obtained through this method are more accurate compared to those obtained through direct translation (mapping) from SentiWordNet.
CrossOver: Clock domain crossing under virtual channel flow control
Venue: 2016 Design, Automation Test in Europe Conference Exhibition (DATE)

Technology scaling, process variations, and/or 3D integration make the design of fully synchronous Systems on Chip (SoC) a challenging task. Partitioning the SoC into Globally Asynchronous, Locally Synchronous (GALS) islands aka clock domains partially alleviates the difficulties in clock distribution. Such partitioning of the SoC is also necessary when supporting Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) across parts of the system to minimize power consumption. The Network on Chip (NoC) is an inherently distributed architecture that is physically spread over the entire chip; thus, it should readily support communication across multiple asynchronous clock domains. In this paper, we generalize the fundamental properties of Virtual Channel (VC) flow control across asynchronous clock domains. A new set of flow control rules is presented, which lead to efficient and deadlock free communication, while still respecting the properties of traditional (synchronous) VC based flow control. The derived flow control policy, called CrossOver, opens up a new design space, which is quantitatively explored in this paper. The goal of this investigation is to identify the configuration that maximizes throughput with the least cost, in terms of buffering requirements.
Activity Theory as a Theoretical Framework for Health Self Quantification: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies
Venue: Journal of medical Internet research

Self quantification (SQ) is a way of working in which, by using tracking tools, people aim to collect, manage, and reflect on personal health data to gain a better understanding of their own body, health behavior, and interaction with the world around them. However, health SQ lacks a formal framework for describing the self quantifiers' activities and their contextual components or constructs to pursue these health related goals. Establishing such framework is important because it is the first step to operationalize health SQ fully. This may in turn help to achieve the aims of health professionals and researchers who seek to make or study changes in the self quantifiers' health systematically.  The aim of this study was to review studies on health SQ in order to answer the following questions: What are the general features of the work and the particular activities that self quantifiers perform to achieve their health objectives? What constructs of health SQ have been identified in the scientific literature? How have these studies described such constructs? How would it be possible to model these constructs theoretically to characterize the work of health SQ?  A systematic review of peer reviewed literature was conducted. A total of 26 empirical studies were included. The content of these studies was thematically analyzed using Activity Theory as an organizing framework.  The literature provided varying descriptions of health SQ as data driven and objective oriented work mediated by SQ tools. From the literature, we identified two types of SQ work: work on data (ie, data management activities) and work with data (ie, health management activities) Using Activity Theory, these activities could be characterized into 6 constructs: users, tracking tools, health objectives, division of work, community or group setting, and SQ plan and rules. We could not find a reference to any single study that accounted for all these activities and constructs of health SQ activity.  A Health Self Quantification Activity Framework is presented, which shows SQ tool use in context, in relation to the goals, plans, and competence of the user. This makes it easier to analyze issues affecting SQ activity, and thereby makes it more feasible to address them. This review makes two significant contributions to research in this field: it explores health SQ work and its constructs thoroughly and it adapts Activity Theory to describe health SQ activity systematically.
Optimal route discovery in duty cycled wireless sensor network: A review
Venue: 2016 World Conference on Futuristic Trends in Research and Innovation for Social Welfare (Startup Conclave)

The WSN networks employing duty cycle technique in geographic routing has a task to find out the path from sensor to Base Station of the network to send the sensed data will be accomplished by several existing mechanism given over the last few decades. Discovering the optimized route in WSN depends upon the number of hops used to transfer the data packets. However, the nodes selected in the path may be overloaded due to heavy traffic. This can increase the delay in transmitting sensed data to the Base Station which will contribute in the overall delay of the network. Rediscovering routes can result in data loss and increasing communication overheads. In this paper, we present the comparison of different approaches in multi path routing in terms of energy consumption and broadcasting delay in WSNs. We present and compare algorithms and techniques that aim to address the sleep/wake scheduling issue, which are divided into distributed and centralized manners. Meanwhile, the routing strategies, QoS parameters like average delay, packet loss ratio, and throughput are discussed.
Comparative Study of Injury Models for Studying Muscle Regeneration in Mice
Venue: PloS one

A longstanding goal in regenerative medicine is to reconstitute functional tissus or organs after injury or disease. Attention has focused on the identification and relative contribution of tissue specific stem cells to the regeneration process. Relatively little is known about how the physiological process is regulated by other tissue constituents. Numerous injury models are used to investigate tissue regeneration, however, these models are often poorly understood. Specifically, for skeletal muscle regeneration several models are reported in the literature, yet the relative impact on muscle physiology and the distinct cells types have not been extensively characterised.  We have used transgenic Tg:Pax7nGFP and Flk1GFP/ mouse models to respectively count the number of muscle stem (satellite) cells (SC) and number/shape of vessels by confocal microscopy. We performed histological and immunostainings to assess the differences in the key regeneration steps. Infiltration of immune cells, chemokines and cytokines production was assessed in vivo by Luminex(r) Results We compared the 4 most commonly used injury models i.e. freeze injury (FI) barium chloride (BaCl2) notexin (NTX) and cardiotoxin (CTX) The FI was the most damaging. In this model, up to 96% of the SCs are destroyed with their surrounding environment (basal lamina and vasculature) leaving a "dead zone" devoid of viable cells. The regeneration process itself is fulfilled in all 4 models with virtually no fibrosis 28 days post injury, except in the FI model. Inflammatory cells return to basal levels in the CTX, BaCl2 but still significantly high 1 month post injury in the FI and NTX models. Interestingly the number of SC returned to normal only in the FI, 1 month post injury, with SCs that are still cycling up to 3 months after the induction of the injury in the other models.  Our studies show that the nature of the injury model should be chosen carefully depending on the experimental design and desired outcome. Although in all models the muscle regenerates completely, the trajectories of the regenerative process vary considerably. Furthermore, we show that histological parameters are not wholly sufficient to declare that regeneration is complete as molecular alterations (e.g. cycling SCs, cytokines) could have a major persistent impact.
Five year clinical results of cervical total disc replacement compared with anterior discectomy and fusion for treatment of 2 level symptomatic degenerative disc disease: a prospective, randomized, controlled, multicenter investigational device exemption clinical trial.
Venue: Journal of neurosurgery. Spine

The purpose of this study was to report the outcome of a study of 2 level cervical total disc replacement (Mobi C) versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) Although the long term outcome of single level disc replacement has been extensively described, there have not been previous reports of the 5 year outcome of 2 level cervical disc replacement.  This study reports the 5 year results of a prospective, randomized US FDA investigational device exemption (IDE) study conducted at 24 centers in patients with 2 level, contiguous, cervical spondylosis. Clinical outcomes at up to 60 months were evaluated, including validated outcome measures, incidence of reoperation, and adverse events. The complete study data and methodology were critically reviewed by 3 independent surgeon authors without affiliation with the IDE study or financial or institutional bias toward the study sponsor.  A total of 225 patients received the Mobi C cervical total disc replacement device and 105 patients received ACDF. The Mobi C and ACDF follow up rates were 90.7% and 86.7% respectively (p 0.39) at 60 months. There was significant improvement in all outcome scores relative to baseline at all time points. The Mobi C patients had significantly more improvement than ACDF patients in terms of Neck Disability Index score, SF 12 Physical Component Summary, and overall satisfaction with treatment at 60 months. The reoperation rate was significantly lower with Mobi C (4% versus ACDF (16% There were no significant differences in the adverse event rate between groups.  Both cervical total disc replacement and ACDF significantly improved general and disease specific measures compared with baseline. However, there was significantly greater improvement in general and disease specific outcome measures and a lower rate of reoperation in the 2 level disc replacement patients versus ACDF control patients.
Impact of Population on Economic Growth: A Case Study of Pakistan

The study analyzed the effects of population on economic growth in case of Pakistan. In some years the population has a real problem for all over the world. The study examines the impacts of population and the problems due to population increased and its influence on economic growth. We take the time series data with the sample size from 1981 to 2010. The study used the Unit root test of ADF, co integration and Auto regressive distributed lags test to analyze the results. The study used economic growth as dependent variable and independent variables are population, investment, fertility rate, employment rate and education expenditure. The study concluded that population creates negative impacts on economic growth of Pakistan and create lot of problems adding more in unemployed population of the country. The study suggested that awareness programs about population control can be effective in controlling the increasing population of the country. Moreover, the Government of Pakistan should take some solid steps towards the overpopulation problem to maintain its economic pace.
The work of networks: Embedding firms, transport, and the state in the Russian Arctic oil and gas sector

The "network" has gained widespread acceptance within economic geography as a metaphor for economic interaction. Consistent with a global production network (GPN) approach, extractive industries are deeply embedded in political structures, physical infrastructure, and environmental conditions. We advocate for a GPN framework that emphasizes the co operation of multiple, differentiated networks at each stage of a production network. Furthermore, the physical geography of sub national spaces as well as trans national spaces linking resources with destination markets imposes critical constraints on the structure and operation of oil and natural gas extraction. We attempt to move beyond notions of a singular network encompassing all aspects of production by contextualizing extractive activities within the geopolitical economy of Arctic Russia. Our aim is twofold: to develop a more carefully articulated conception of networks based on the different economic principles and political regulation at work within different types of networks, and to show how the Russian Arctic oil and gas sector can only be adequately understood with such a nuanced approach. The Arctic case illustrates well the complex entanglement of the state and political actors in networks of firms and specialized transport systems. We first deconstruct the network concept to establish the economic principles, actors, and spaces that comprise the extractive production network, and then examine the extractive hydrocarbon networks active in Arctic Russia through this analytical lens.
Prediction and evaluation of the lipase inhibitory activities of tea polyphenols with 3D QSAR models
Venue: Scientific reports

The extraordinary hypolipidemic effects of polyphenolic compounds from tea have been confirmed in our previous study. To gain compounds with more potent activities, using the conformations of the most active compound revealed by molecular docking, a 3D QSAR pancreatic lipase inhibitor model with good predictive ability was established and validated by CoMFA and CoMISA methods. With good statistical significance in CoMFA (r2cv 0.622, r2 0.956, F 261.463, SEE 0.096) and CoMISA (r2cv 0.631, r2 0.932, F 75.408, SEE 0.212) model, we summarized the structure activity relationship between polyphenolic compounds and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities and find the bulky substituents in R2, R4 and R5, hydrophilic substituents in R1 and electron withdrawing groups in R2 are the key factors to enhance the lipase inhibitory activities. Under the guidance of the 3D QSAR results, (2R,3R,2'R,3'R) desgalloyloolongtheanin 3,3' O digallate (DOTD) a potent lipase inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.08 mg/ml, was obtained from EGCG oxidative polymerization catalyzed by crude polyphenol oxidase. Furthermore, DOTD was found to inhibit lipid absorption in olive oil loaded rats, which was related with inhibiting the activities of lipase in the intestinal mucosa and contents.
Data Based Identification and Prediction of Nonlinear and Complex Dynamical Systems

The problem of reconstructing nonlinear and complex dynamical systems from measured data or time series is central to many scientific disciplines including physical, biological, computer, and social sciences, as well as engineering and economics. In this paper, we review the recent advances in this forefront and rapidly evolving field, aiming to cover topics such as compressive sensing (a novel optimization paradigm for sparse signal reconstruction) noised induced dynamical mapping, perturbations, reverse engineering, synchronization, inner composition alignment, global silencing, Granger Causality and alternative optimization algorithms. Often, these rely on various concepts from statistical and nonlinear physics such as phase transitions, bifurcation, stabilities, and robustness. The methodologies have the potential to significantly improve our ability to understand a variety of complex dynamical systems ranging from gene regulatory systems to social networks towards the ultimate goal of controlling such systems. Despite recent progress, many challenges remain. A purpose of this Review is then to point out the specific difficulties as they arise from different contexts, so as to stimulate further efforts in this interdisciplinary field.