nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Review of the Differences between ESD and GCED in SDGs: Focusing on the Concepts of Global Citizenship Education

Education for sustainable development (ESD) and global citizenship education (GCED) are both adopted as global education agendas in the UN Sustainable Development Goals. However, there are not enough studies which articulate the concept of global citizenship included in GCED and ESD. Thus, this paper compares ESD and GCED in terms of global citizenship concepts. Firstly, utilizing the content review method, the meanings of global citizenship in ESD and GCED are examined. Secondly, the concepts of global citizenship in ESD and GCED are compared. This paper fi nds that global citizenship in GCED is classifi ed as critical global citizenship while the one in ESD is explained as soft global citizenship. Finally, a modified typology of global citizenship is suggested referring to the existing soft global citizenship education and critical global citizenship education. This study is expected to contribute to articulating the conceptual relationship between ESD and GCED.
Knowledge Driven Event Embedding for Stock Prediction
Venue: COLING

Representing structured events as vectors in continuous space offers a new way for defining dense features for natural language processing (NLP) applications. Prior work has proposed effective methods to learn event representations that can capture syntactic and semantic information over text corpus, demonstrating their effectiveness for downstream tasks such as event driven stock prediction. On the other hand, events extracted from raw texts do not contain background knowledge on entities and relations that they are mentioned. To address this issue, this paper proposes to leverage extra information from knowledge graph, which provides ground truth such as attributes and properties of entities and encodes valuable relations between entities. Specifically, we propose a joint model to combine knowledge graph information into the objective function of an event embedding learning model. Experiments on event similarity and stock market prediction show that our model is more capable of obtaining better event embeddings and making more accurate prediction on stock market volatilities.
Oxford Nanopore MinION Sequencing and Genome Assembly
Venue: Genom. Proteom. Bioinform.

The revolution of genome sequencing is continuing after the successful second generation sequencing (SGS) technology. The third generation sequencing (TGS) technology, led by Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) is progressing rapidly, moving from a technology once only capable of providing data for small genome analysis, or for performing targeted screening, to one that promises high quality de novo assembly and structural variation detection for human sized genomes. In 2014, the MinION, the first commercial sequencer using nanopore technology, was released by Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) MinION identifies DNA bases by measuring the changes in electrical conductivity generated as DNA strands pass through a biological pore. Its portability, affordability, and speed in data production makes it suitable for real time applications, the release of the long read sequencer MinION has thus generated much excitement and interest in the genomics community. While de novo genome assemblies can be cheaply produced from SGS data, assembly continuity is often relatively poor, due to the limited ability of short reads to handle long repeats. Assembly quality can be greatly improved by using TGS long reads, since repetitive regions can be easily expanded into using longer sequencing lengths, despite having higher error rates at the base level. The potential of nanopore sequencing has been demonstrated by various studies in genome surveillance at locations where rapid and reliable sequencing is needed, but where resources are limited.
The Impact of Credit Risk on the Profitability of Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka

Financial institutions facilitate economic growth and development through financial intermediation. Among financial institutions, commercial banks are the biggest, performing a major share of financial intermediation and serving as the core of the financial system. Moreover, commercial banks are the foundation of payment systems in many economies particularly in developing countries by playing an intermediary role between depositors and borrowers (Felix Ayadi et al. 2008) The intermediary role of commercial banks explain the core function of commercial banks which fall within the concept of traditional banking. However, lending by itself generates risk when the borrower fails to meet his obligations. The risks associated with lending is called credit risk that is recognised as the most important among risks relating to liquidity, operations, and markets (Perera et al. 2014,Yusuf,2003) Credit creation is an important determinant of bank performance since it is generated through financial intermediation which is the main income generating activity of commercial banks. According to the Kargi (2011) creation of credit is the main income generating activity for banks but this involves huge risks to both lender and the borrower. If the banks fail to manage credit risk, they may pay high costs in the shape of bankruptcy since the banks that are highly exposed to credit risk face a reduction in profitability (Arif, A. et al 2012) Uncertainty and the global financial crisis has created pressure on credit risk and ultimately caused profitability of commercial banks (Bayyoud Sayyad, 2015) Most studies generally confirm that risk management is vital for any organisation to achieve its objectives in fair manner in the current business environment, (Smith et al. 1990. Fatemi and Fooladi, 2006) Risks are inherent to all aspects of commercial bank operations. Therefore, banking in the modern economy is all about risk management (Thiagarajan and Ramachandran, 2011) Managing risk is important to any type of bank regardless of nature, size or location. Moreover, recent studies in this area reveal that poor asset quality, excessive credit expansion, and inappropriate risk management are the main reasons for the financial crisis.The importance of managing credit risk is highlighted by the Basel committee on banking supervision and in its recent accord, Basel III identified the responsibility of managing credit risks in financial crisis (Jayadev, 2013)
Effects of Bank Capital on Profitability and Credit Risk: The Case of Vietnam's CommercialBanks

Nov. 27, 2015 Received in revised form: Mar. 18, 2016  Sep. 23, 2016 This paper seeks to examine the effects of bank capital on profitability and credit risk of 30 Vietnam's commercial banks from 2007 to 2014. Using the system generalized method of moments (GMM) the paper conducts several tests on the moral hazard and regulatory hypotheses on the relationships among bank capital, profitability, and credit risk. With no regard to other determinants, its results indicate that the effects are evident, i.e. bank risk is found to impact differently on bank returns, and it is also negatively associated with credit risk of commercial banks in Vietnam.
A Novel Reconfigurable Polarization Dual band Patch Antenna for WLAN and WiMAX Systems

This paper presents a novel dual band annular patch antenna with functional microstrip circuit module to reconfigure the polarized modes of the antenna. The proposed antenna consists of two bonded FR4 print circuit boards and is excited at WLAN band and WiMAX band by this functional circuit module. This module includes two branches of microstrip lines, two PIN diodes and a DC bias circuit. Two PIN diodes are placed on the two microstrip lines. The polarization of the antenna can be simply shifted back and forth between RHCP and LHCP by modifying the modes of PIN diode. Simulation and experimental results have shown a good bandwidth of axial ratio and antenna gain in circularly polarized states.
Coordinating product design with production and consumption processes

The effectiveness of design management depends on how well it is coordinated with other managerial functions. In relation to this topic, this paper focuses on the importance of coordinating product design with production and marketing processes. To this end, it offers a framework that connects product design to four central processes related to the production and consumption of products and their communication. The relevance of the framework is demonstrated through sixteen empirical examples. The framework provides a means for understanding the reasons for consumer product failures caused by a lack of design coordination and the product failure types associated with the framework may serve as a checklist for design managers in design projects. For future research, the framework provides a link between different research areas to facilitate a clearer understanding of the role of design management.
Financing Low Carbon, Climate Resilient Infrastructure: The Role of Climate Finance and Green Financial Systems

This paper focuses on the need to financing low carbon climate resilient (LCR) Infrastructure in order to achieve the Paris Agreement's climate change goal of keeping global average temperature well below 2 degree Celsius and in order to meet the Sustainable Development Goals. For instance, approximately 70 percent of greenhouse gas emissions come from infrastructure (such as electricity generation, transportation, industry, and buildings) and that the resulting climate change will have a disproportionate impact on the poorest and most vulnerable communities. To meet global infrastructure needs between 2015 and 2030, spending on infrastructure will need to increase from current levels of around $3 trillion a year to over $6 trillion in 2030. This increases to $8 trillion a year once investments in energy efficiency and primary energy are included. However, the net costs of building LCR are low and potentially net positive. Yet there are significant financing challenges because the costs and savings of building LCR infrastructure are realized by different actors at different times. As a result, there are significant financing challenges as the costs and savings are realized by different actors over time.Private sector finance could meet up to half of the infrastructure investment needs. The paper focuses on how climate finance can be used to increase the flow of private capital into LCR infrastructure. The paper discusses the looming infrastructure needs of both emerging markets and developing economies and the role that this new infrastructure can play in either increasing or reducing the degradation of our climate. Specifically, the report: Outlines LCR infrastructure needs from 2015 to 2030 and the need to reallocate capital from carbon intensive infrastructure such as coal fired power stations into low carbon energy options, energy efficiency and green technologies; Analyzes the implications of the 2015 Paris climate change outcomes for climate finance; Provides an overview of available climate finance, where this finance is coming from, and how it is being used; Discusses how climate finance can be most effectively used to finance LCR infrastructure projects, with a focus on using public concessional finance as provided through the multilateral climate funds to de risk and crowd in private sector finance the role of multilateral climate funds; and Explores efforts to increase private sector investment in LCR infrastructure projects by greening financial systems to ensuring that financial systems accurately account for climate risk and allocate capital consistent with broader climate change goal.
Mechanistic diversity in ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters
Venue: Nature Structural &Molecular Biology

ABC transporters catalyze transport reactions, such as the high affinity uptake of micronutrients into bacteria and the export of cytotoxic compounds from mammalian cells. Crystal structures of ABC domains and full transporters have provided a framework for formulating reaction mechanisms of ATP driven substrate transport, but recent studies have suggested remarkable mechanistic diversity within this protein family. This review evaluates the differing mechanistic proposals and outlines future directions for the exploration of ABC transporter catalyzed reactions.
Theories of Information, Communication and Knowledge: A Multidisciplinary Approach
Venue: Webology

This book includes a provocative collection of instructive, informative and inclusive topics of theories of information through an introduction and 11 chapters. The book attempts to cover a vast range of theories of information, communication and knowledge. It is the result of a great project which is funded by the French Institute of Information and Communication Sciences on the epistemology of information and communication. Introduction is written by editors accompanied with detailed analytical overview. Useful features of structure of the book induced which is divided into 3 different clusters (p.2) namely transdisciplinary or metadisciplinary approaches, theories of information and information science and ultimately information operationalized.
Design and Manufacturing of a 45 kA at 10 T REBCO CORC Cable in Conduit Conductor for Large Scale Magnets
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

The European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) is developing high current ReBCO CORC strand based cables for use in future large scale detector magnets. A six around one, forced flow gas cooled ReBCO CORC cable in conduit conductor (CICC) is envisioned for application in magnets operating in the 20 40 K temperature range. A CICC, rated for 45 kA at 4.2 K and 10 T, is designed and in production. The CICC comprises a cable of six CORC strands helically wound around a tube. The cable has an expected current density of 105 A/mm2 at 10 T/4.2 K, which corresponds to an overall current density of 53 A/mm2. A cable current density of 110 A/mm2 can be reached when increasing the temperature to 20 K and operating in a magnetic field of 5 T.
Malware Diffusion Models for Modern Complex Networks: Theory and Applications

Malware Diffusion Models for Wireless Complex Networks: Theory and Applications provides a timely update on malicious software (malware) a serious concern for all types of network users, from laymen to experienced administrators. As the proliferation of portable devices, namely smartphones and tablets, and their increased capabilities, has propelled the intensity of malware spreading and increased its consequences in social life and the global economy, this book provides the theoretical aspect of malware dissemination, also presenting modeling approaches that describe the behavior and dynamics of malware diffusion in various types of wireless complex networks. Sections include a systematic introduction to malware diffusion processes in computer and communications networks, an analysis of the latest state of the art malware diffusion modeling frameworks, such as queuing based techniques, calculus of variations based techniques, and game theory based techniques, also demonstrating how the methodologies can be used for modeling in more general applications and practical scenarios.Presents a timely update on malicious software (malware) a serious concern for all types of network users, from laymen to experienced administratorsSystematically introduces malware diffusion processes, providing the relevant mathematical backgroundDiscusses malware modeling frameworks and how to apply them to complex wireless networksProvides guidelines and directions for extending the corresponding theories in other application domains, demonstrating such possibility by using application models in information dissemination scenarios
Firm Growth in Family Businesses The Role of Entrepreneurial Orientation and the Entrepreneurial Activity*

Previous studies show that growth is an important goal for businesses, but little is known of how the entrepreneurial orientation performance relationship works in family businesses and how this differs from their nonfamily peers. We examine that and how entrepreneurial activity mediates the relationship in family and nonfamily businesses. Our results on 532 firms show that family businesses benefit from innovative orientation, which is both directly and indirectly associated with firm growth via entrepreneurial activity. This association does not exist in nonfamily businesses. Furthermore, risk taking does not influence family business growth even if it does in nonfamily businesses.
Methodological Approach to Evaluation of Clustering Potential and Efficiency Improvement Management for Development of the Regional Industry Clusters

In the current environment, clustering of the economy represents a key factor in improving the competitive ability of the business entities functioning within the area whilst enhancing the interconnections between them and giving a new impulse to development of the regions. This paper offers a proven model of comprehensive evaluation of clustering potential of the regional economic systems, including a method of calculation and analysis of the parameters relating to production and resource, manpower, investment and financial potentials. Furthermore, effects of creation of an industry cluster are determined with respect to each individual participant and territory on the whole, which include economic, research and technology, innovative, social and environmental aspects. Future priority orientations of development of the region are also defined. In the authors' opinion, formation and growth of the territorial clusters will provide a number of advantages for the regional economy, such as creation of new job places, manufacturing new types of products, development of the regional infrastructure, improvement of R&D level, effectiveness of R&D findings implementation etc. Keywords region, cluster, clustering, clustering potential.
Towards a systems level understanding of development in the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii.
Venue: Current opinion in genetics development

Platynereis dumerilii is a segmented marine worm from the phylum Annelida, a member of the Lophotrochozoans. Platynereis is easily maintained in the lab and exhibits a highly stereotypic development through spiral cleavage with a small, transparent, free swimming larva highly suitable for microscopy studies. A protocol for embryo microinjection in Platynereis has enabled several genetic tools to be developed, paving the way for functional studies. Recent Platynereis studies have provided insights into the function of several signaling pathways in development. Platynereis has also proven a useful model system for comparative evolutionary developmental studies, allowing the formation of new hypotheses on the evolution of neuroendocrine signaling, body patterning, and organ development. Combining existing large datasets of spatial gene expression mapping, cell lineage mapping, and neuronal circuits with functional analyses of developmental genes represents a promising approach for future studies aiming at a systems level understanding of development in Platynereis.
Towards a mechanistic understanding of the responses of large terrestrial mammals to heat and aridity associated with climate change
Venue: Climate Change Responses

In the face of climate change, the life history traits of large terrestrial mammals will prevent them from adapting genetically at a sufficient pace to keep track with changing environments, and habitat fragmentation will preclude them from shifting their distribution range. Predicting how habitat bound large mammals will respond to environmental change requires measurement of their sensitivity and exposure to changes in the environment, as well as the extent to which phenotypic plasticity can buffer them against the changes. Behavioural modifications, such as a shift to nocturnal foraging or selection of a cool microclimate, may buffer free living mammals against thermal and water stress, but may carry a cost, for example by reducing foraging time or increasing predation risk. Large mammals also use physiological responses to buffer themselves against changing environments, but those buffers may be compromised by a changing physical environment. A decrease in the available food energy or water leads to a trade off in which the precision of homeothermy is relaxed, resulting in large daily fluctuations in body temperature. Understanding how large mammals prioritise competing homeostatic systems in changing environments, and the consequences of that prioritisation for their fitness, requires long term monitoring of identifiable individual animals in their natural habitat. Although body size predicts general ecological and energetic patterns of terrestrial mammals, high intraspecific and interspecific variability means that a species directed approach is required to accurately model responses of large mammals to climate change.
Principle of defining the compatible cells for battery based on clustering the generalized feature
Venue: 2016 2nd International Conference on Industrial Engineering, Applications and Manufacturing (ICIEAM)

Working capacity and life of the battery as a whole are significantly determined by the degree of its individual cells' parameters identity. At acquisition of batteries, as a rule, the key parameters for the cells selection are their nominal capacity and internal resistance. Measuring these parameters via traditional methods requires a significant amount of time, implementation of special measuring systems and gives a conclusion only for the nominal operation. The proposed principle makes it possible to consider a greater number of important cell parameters indirectly and to carry out a comparison of the entire operating range of the cell, not just the nominal point. The comparison is carried out on a graph of cell's current response to successive multistage potentiostatic effects on power poles by means of small devices with simple structure. These current response graphs contain complete information on both said cell's parameters and those important for short term use in starter mode activation parameters. Analysis of these graphs is carried out on the basis of clustering in feature space of generalized parameters of reduced dimension to the implementation of the reduction of measurement based on decomposition method of modeling. Comparison of cells on generalized parameters in a wide operating range of the operating conditions significantly improves the quality of the battery acquisition.
LPI Radar Waveform Recognition Based on Time Frequency Distribution
Venue: Sensors

In this paper, an automatic radar waveform recognition system in a high noise environment is proposed. Signal waveform recognition techniques are widely applied in the field of cognitive radio, spectrum management and radar applications, etc. We devise a system to classify the modulating signals widely used in low probability of intercept (LPI) radar detection systems. The radar signals are divided into eight types of classifications, including linear frequency modulation (LFM) BPSK (Barker code modulation) Costas codes and polyphase codes (comprising Frank, P1, P2, P3 and P4) The classifier is Elman neural network (ENN) and it is a supervised classification based on features extracted from the system. Through the techniques of image filtering, image opening operation, skeleton extraction, principal component analysis (PCA) image binarization algorithm and Pseudo Zernike moments, etc. the features are extracted from the Choi Williams time frequency distribution (CWD) image of the received data. In order to reduce the redundant features and simplify calculation, the features selection algorithm based on mutual information between classes and features vectors are applied. The superiority of the proposed classification system is demonstrated by the simulations and analysis. Simulation results show that the overall ratio of successful recognition (RSR) is 94.7% at signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 2 dB.