nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Temporal Action Localization in Untrimmed Videos via Multi stage CNNs
Venue: 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

We address temporal action localization in untrimmed long videos. This is important because videos in real applications are usually unconstrained and contain multiple action instances plus video content of background scenes or other activities. To address this challenging issue, we exploit the effectiveness of deep networks in temporal action localization via three segment based 3D ConvNets: (1) a proposal network identifies candidate segments in a long video that may contain actions, (2) a classification network learns one vs all action classification model to serve as initialization for the localization network, and (3) a localization network fine tunes the learned classification network to localize each action instance. We propose a novel loss function for the localization network to explicitly consider temporal overlap and achieve high temporal localization accuracy. In the end, only the proposal network and the localization network are used during prediction. On two largescale benchmarks, our approach achieves significantly superior performances compared with other state of the art systems: mAP increases from 1.7% to 7.4% on MEXaction2 and increases from 15.0% to 19.0% on THUMOS 2014.
Databases of the marine metagenomics.
Venue: Gene

The metagenomic data obtained from marine environments is significantly useful for understanding marine microbial communities. In comparison with the conventional amplicon based approach of metagenomics, the recent shotgun sequencing based approach has become a powerful tool that provides an efficient way of grasping a diversity of the entire microbial community at a sampling point in the sea. However, this approach accelerates accumulation of the metagenome data as well as increase of data complexity. Moreover, when metagenomic approach is used for monitoring a time change of marine environments at multiple locations of the seawater, accumulation of metagenomics data will become tremendous with an enormous speed. Because this kind of situation has started becoming of reality at many marine research institutions and stations all over the world, it looks obvious that the data management and analysis will be confronted by the so called Big Data issues such as how the database can be constructed in an efficient way and how useful knowledge should be extracted from a vast amount of the data. In this review, we summarize the outline of all the major databases of marine metagenome that are currently publically available, noting that database exclusively on marine metagenome is none but the number of metagenome databases including marine metagenome data are six, unexpectedly still small. We also extend our explanation to the databases, as reference database we call, that will be useful for constructing a marine metagenome database as well as complementing important information with the database. Then, we would point out a number of challenges to be conquered in constructing the marine metagenome database.
[Toxicological evaluation of nanosized colloidal silver, stabilized with polyvinylpyrrolidone, in 92 day experiment on rats. II. Internal organs morphology]
Venue: Voprosy pitaniia

The aim of the study was to evaluate the safe doses of commercially available nanosized colloidal silver (NCS) stabilized with polyvinilpirrolidone (PVP, food additive E1201) when administered in gastrointestinal tract of rats in the 92 day experiment in terms of the morphological changes in the internals of animals. The sample studied contained non aggregated nanoparticles (NPs) of silver belonging to size fractions with a diameter of less than 5 nm, 10 20 nm or 50 80 nm. 80% of NPs were inside the range of hydrodynamic diameters 10.6 61.8 nm. The preparation of NCS was administered to growing male Wistar rats. (initial body weight 80 10 g) for 1 month by intragastric gavage and then consumed with food at doses of 0.1, 1.0 and 10 mg/kg of body weight based on silver. The control animals received water or vehicle of nanomaterial water solution of PVP. After withdrawal of animals from the experiment by exsanguination under ether anesthesia organs (liver, spleen, kidney, ileum) were isolated and their slides were prepared by standard methods following 'by staining with hematoxylin eosin. Analysis was performed in light optical microscope equipped with a digital camera at a magnification from 1 x 100 to 1 x 1000. It was shown that the experimental animals treated with the NCS developed series of morphological changes in the tissues of the internal organs (liver, spleen and kidney) with the elevation of the range and severity of structural changes with increasing doses of silver. The most sensitive target of NCS action was apparently liver, which has already shown at a dose of 0.1 mg of silver NP/kg of body weight marked eosinophilic infiltration of portal tracts, which was accompanied at doses of 1.0 and 10.0 mg/kg by the emergence of medium and large drop fat vacuoles in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, swelling and lympho macrophage. infiltration of the portal tracts. Detectable changes can be regarded as symptoms of inflammation of hepatocytes, at least, at a dose nanomaterial of 1.0 mg/kg body weight or more. Relative intensity of morphological changes in the internal organs correlated with published data on the biodistribution of silver NP administered to the gastrointestinal tract. It is concluded that the threshold dose corresponding to the minimum adverse effect of NCS is, according to the study of the above, no more than 1.0 mg/kg of body weight based on silver.
One pot Synthesis of Size Controllable Amine Functionalized Core Shell Magnetic Nanoparticles for Use in Microfluidic Flow Separators

Silica coating of magnetic nanoparticles has been widely used as a surface modification strategy to endow various surface functionalization and fast magnetic respond for application in molecular separation and purification. A simple one pot synthesis of amine functionalized core shell magnetic nanoparticles with a tunable shell thickness has been prepared in a reverse microemulsion system. The morphologies and sizes of resulting nanoparticles were confirmed by PXRD spectroscopy and TEM imaging. Nanoparticles prepared by this method are single core dominated and highly monodisperse, and show great potential for use in a closed cycle microfluidic magnetic purification system. To demonstrate this idea, fluorescein was used as a model carboxylate molecule to demonstrate the potential separation ability of Fe3O4@SiO2 NH2 nanoparticles towards cationic targets via UV VIS spectroscopy. The results show that fluorescein molecules can be quickly and quantitatively associated with the magnetic nanoparticles via electrostatic binding, resulting in an average of 2.73 x 103 adsorbed target molecules per nanoparticle. In addition, covalent binding of target molecules to the nanoparticles is also demonstrated.
Localization from visual landmarks on a free flying robot
Venue: 2016 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

We present the localization approach for Astrobee, a new free flying robot designed to navigate autonomously on the International Space Station (ISS) Astrobee will accommodate a variety of payloads and enable guest scientists to run experiments in zero g, as well as assist astronauts and ground controllers. Astrobee will replace the SPHERES robots which currently operate on the ISS, whose use of fixed ultrasonic beacons for localization limits them to work in a 2 meter cube. Astrobee localizes with monocular vision and an IMU, without any environmental modifications. Visual features detected on a pre built map, optical flow information, and IMU readings are all integrated into an extended Kalman filter (EKF) to estimate the robot pose. We introduce several modifications to the filter to make it more robust to noise, and extensively evaluate the localization algorithm.
Aerodynamic and aeroacoustic optimization for design of a forward curved blades centrifugal fan

This paper presents a multidisciplinary optimization procedure for enhancing the aerodynamic and aeroacoustic performance of a forward curved blade centrifugal fan for residential ventilation. Flow analysis in a forward curved blade centrifugal fan was conducted by solving three dimensional steady and unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes equations using the shear stress transport turbulence model. On the basis of the aerodynamic sources extracted from the unsteady flow, aeroacoustic analysis was implemented in a finite/infinite element method by solving the variational formulation of Lighthill's analogy. Experiments were performed to obtain aerodynamic and aeroacoustic measurements for validation of numerical results. The single and multi objective optimizations were performed sequentially. The single objective optimization was carried out to improve the efficiency of the fan using a radial basis neural network surrogate model with four design variables defining the scroll cut off angle, scroll diffuser expansion angle, diameter ratio of the impeller, and blade exit angle. Multi objective optimization based on the single objective optimization result was carried out to simultaneously improve the efficiency and reduce the sound pressure through a hybrid multi objective evolutionary algorithm coupled with a response surface approximation surrogate model with two design variables defining the scroll cut off radius and distance. These objective functions were accessed numerically through three dimensional aerodynamic and aeroacoustic analyses at the design points sampled by Latin hypercube sampling in the design space. Arbitrary selected optimum designs in the Pareto optimal solutions yielded significant increases in efficiency and decreases in the sound pressure level compared to the reference design.
Evolution of an academic public library partnership.
Venue: Journal of the Medical Library Association JMLA

A partnership to improve access to health information via an urban public library system was established in St. Louis, Missouri, in 2011. A multiyear project was outlined that included an information needs assessment, a training class for public library staff, information kiosks at library branches for delivering printed consumer health materials, and a series of health related programming. The partnership evolved to include social service and community organizations to carry out project goals and establish a sustainable program that met the health and wellness interests of the community.
THE RESEARCH OF CONSUMER SATISFACTION, CASE: MONTENEGRO STARS HOTEL GROUP (MONTENEGRO)

The purpose of this paper is to gain the insight into consumers' satisfaction and the measures undertaken by hotel management of the prestigious Montenegrin Company, Montenegro Stars, in order to improve the quality of customer relationships. The special focus is to emphasize the significance and causality of marketing research of consumer satisfaction in marketing decision making process in the hotel industry in Montenegro.  The basic principle of successful business involves an adequate marketing response to the increasingly sophisticated demands of the "new consumer" who more or less fits into the framework of a consumer society. It is possible to anticipate consumers and their needs by knowing them, and thus gain a strategic and competitive advantage in the market.  The current international market situation is still influenced by the negative effects of the economic crisis. In this situation, most hotels in Montenegro find it difficult to achieve defined business goals. The answers should be sought primarily in the consumer, who is the center of all marketing activities, and therefore the marketing research. The subject and scope of this research define the methodology of the scientific research paper. The primary research is consisted of the test method, and the questionnaire is used as the instrument of research. It is expected that this research will initiate further research in this very actual and under researched area, which "paves a new path" for contribution to science and to further interest in marketing research and tourism in general.
Modeling parallel movement of lifts and vehicles in tier captive vehicle based warehousing systems
Venue: Eur. J. Oper. Res.

This paper models and analyzes tier captive autonomous vehicle storage and retrieval systems. While previous models assume sequential commissioning of the lift and vehicles, we propose a parallel processing policy for the system, under which an arrival transaction can request the lift and the vehicle simultaneously. To investigate the performance of this policy, we formulate a fork join queueing network in which an arrival transaction will be split into a horizontal movement task served by the vehicle and a vertical movement task served by the lift. We develop an approximation method based on decomposition of the fork join queueing network to estimate the system performance. We build simulation models to validate the effectiveness of analytical models. The results show that the fork join queueing network is accurate in estimating the system performance under the parallel processing policy. Numerical experiments and a real case are carried out to compare the system response time of retrieval transactions under parallel and sequential processing policies. The results show that, in systems with less than 10 tiers, the parallel processing policy outperforms the sequential processing policy by at least 5.51 percent. The advantage of parallel processing policy is decreasing with the rack height and the aisle length. In systems with more than 10 tiers and a length to height ratio larger than 7, we can find a critical retrieval transaction arrival rate, below which the parallel processing policy outperforms the sequential processing policy.
An investigation of the factors that influence preservice teachers' intentions and integration of Web 2.0 tools

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to investigate factors that predict preservice teachers' intentions and actual uses of Web 2.0 tools in their classrooms. A two phase, mixed method, sequential explanatory design was used. The first phase explored factors, based on the decomposed theory of planned behavior, that predict preservice teachers' intentions to integrate Web 2.0 tools in their future classrooms. The second, follow up phase, explored preservice teachers' transfer of intentions into actions during student teaching and the factors that influenced actual use of Web 2.0 tools in their classrooms. Results of the study showed that perceived usefulness, selfefficacy, and student expectations were the strongest predictors of preservice teachers' intentions and actual use of Web 2.0 tools in the classroom. Additional findings revealed a significant positive relationship between preservice teachers' intentions and subsequent behaviors. The results of the second phase of the study showed that although most preservice teachers were able to carry out their intentions, due to facilitative factors, a few were unable to use Web 2.0 tools due to limited access to technology resources and unsupportive mentor teachers. These findings provide evidence that when preservice teachers perceive the value of Web 2.0 tools to facilitate student learning, have support from their K 12 students and mentor teachers, and have high self efficacy as well as easy access to Web 2.0 tools, they are able to translate their intentions into actions.
Deriving a typology of Web 2.0 learning technologies
Venue: Br. J. Educ. Technol.

This paper presents the methods and outcomes of a typological analysis of Web 2.0 technologies. A comprehensive review incorporating over 2000 links led to identification of over 200 Web 2.0 technologies that were suitable for learning and teaching purposes. The typological analysis involved development of relevant Web 2.0 dimensions, grouping cases according to observed regularities and construction of types based on meaningful relationships. Characterisation of the constructed types incorporated descriptions based on attributes, examples of representative instances and typical pedagogical use cases. The analysis resulted in a typology of 37 types of Web 2.0 technologies that were arranged into 14 clusters. Results of this study imply that educators typically have a narrow conception of Web 2.0 technologies and there is a wide array of Web 2.0 tools and approaches yet to be fully harnessed by learning designers and educational researchers.
Web 2.0 The past and the future
Venue: Int. J. Inf. Manag.

We provide review of Web 2.0 including its past and future perspectives.We present Web 3.0 with its desired features.We have inspected the development of Web 2.0/3.0 between year 2005 and 2016. Although it has been around for 11 years, it is still not clear where Web 2.0 will lead. This paper presents a general discussion of past and recent trends that may positively influence the direction of Web 2.0, including cloud computing and other emerging business models. In order to move forward, Web 3.0 is proposed for the next generation of work that integrates Cloud Computing, Big Data, Internet of Things and security. We also present criteria and future direction for Web 3.0 to allow all services and people can stay connected with each other.
Experimental investigation of Mg Zn Al metal alloys for latent heat storage application

In this paper the use of metallic alloys is proposed as high thermal conductivity phase change materials (PCM) for thermal energy storage (TES) The high thermal conductivity of the proposed metallic PCMs is around two orders of magnitude higher than the one of materials (molten salt) commonly used on TES applications. This would present great benefits in several applications frames from the concentrated solar power (CSP) to industrial heat recovery. In this work, three different alloys, with different Al content, have been selected from the Mg rich corner of Mg Zn Al ternary phase diagram with general formulas Mg 71 Zn 28.9 Al 0.1 Mg 70 Zn 24.9 Al 5.1 and Mg 70 Zn 24.4 Al 5.6. The first and third materials correspond to quasi peritectic compositions and the second material corresponds to a eutectic composition. The eutectic compositions, in general, are considered more suitable as PCMs for TES application due to their long term stability under charging discharging cycles. The two quasi peritectic compositions have been selected to investigate the influence of the chemical composition changes on the thermophysical properties and consequently to study their potentiality regarding the energy storage density factor. In this work, a complete structural and thermophysical characterization of the selected metal alloys has been carried out in order to obtain the driving parameters for latent heat storage applications. In general, the obtained results confirm the suitability of the investigated metals alloys as high thermal conductivity phase change materials for latent heat energy storage.
Accelerated structure based design of chemically diverse allosteric modulators of a muscarinic G protein coupled receptor
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Chemical diversity has recently risen as key structural feature for the discovery of novel selective drugs of G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) However, the traditional drug discovery technique of combinatorial chemistry coupled to high throughput screening has become less attractive because of its immense financial impact. To address this problem, we implemented a computer aided drug design approach, using the M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) as a GPCR model, and performed computational enhanced sampling simulations to account for the receptor flexibility. Through iterative molecular docking and experimental testing, half of the 38 computationally selected National Cancer Institute compounds were validated as allosteric modulators of the M2 mAChR. Our method successfully identified positive and negative allosteric modulators of M2 mAChR with unprecedented chemical diversity. Design of ligands that provide receptor selectivity has emerged as a new paradigm for drug discovery of G protein coupled receptors, and may, for certain families of receptors, only be achieved via identification of chemically diverse allosteric modulators. Here, the extracellular vestibule of the M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) is targeted for structure based design of allosteric modulators. Accelerated molecular dynamics (aMD) simulations were performed to construct structural ensembles that account for the receptor flexibility. Compounds obtained from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) were docked to the receptor ensembles. Retrospective docking of known ligands showed that combining aMD simulations with Glide induced fit docking (IFD) provided much improved enrichment factors, compared with the Glide virtual screening workflow. Glide IFD was thus applied in receptor ensemble docking, and 38 top ranked NCI compounds were selected for experimental testing. In [3H]N methylscopolamine radioligand dissociation assays, approximately half of the 38 lead compounds altered the radioligand dissociation rate, a hallmark of allosteric behavior. In further competition binding experiments, we identified 12 compounds with affinity of =30 mM. With final functional experiments on six selected compounds, we confirmed four of them as new negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) and one as positive allosteric modulator of agonist mediated response at the M2 mAChR. Two of the NAMs showed subtype selectivity without significant effect at the M1 and M3 mAChRs. This study demonstrates an unprecedented successful structure based approach to identify chemically diverse and selective GPCR allosteric modulators with outstanding potential for further structure activity relationship studies.
Westward ho the China dream and 'one belt, one road' Chinese foreign policy under Xi Jinping

China's domestic politics and foreign policy have evolved considerably under President Xi Jinping. Domestically the regime has actively promoted the idea of the 'China dream' to restore optimism and enthusiasm about its future, particularly among young people. Yet it has also sought to differentiate the socialist China dream from any resemblance to the American dream. Its main emphasis is on making China 'strong and powerful' again. In foreign policy, the leadership has become more active. While China has pursued a more robust policy in the South China Sea, it has also launched two extremely ambitious long term projects to expand land and maritime transport links between China and Europe, termed the 'one belt, one road' initiative. They aim to promote development of western China, but if successful, they should also help to transform economic relations across large parts of Eurasia. In geopolitical terms, they will expand China's shadow over regions of the world where hitherto its presence has been relatively modest. They should strengthen links with Europe, as well as with other countries along the routes, to counterbalance potentially conflictual relations with the US. However, success will require active and enthusiastic cooperation from many neighbours. For that reason the risks are as great as the ambition.
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