nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Extending health insurance in Ghana: effects of the National Health Insurance Scheme on maternity care
Venue: Health Economics Review

BackgroundThere is considerable interest in exploring the potential of social health insurance in Africa where a number of countries are currently experimenting with different approaches. Since these schemes have been introduced recently and are continuously evolving, it is important to evaluate their effectiveness in the enhancement of health care utilization and reduction of out of pocket expenses for potential policy suggestions.ObjectiveTo investigate how the National Health Insurance Schemes (NHIS) in Ghana affects the utilization of maternal health care services and medical out of pocket expenses.MethodsWe used nationally representative household data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS) We analyzed the 2014 GDHS focusing on four outcome variables, i.e. antenatal check up, delivery in a health facility, delivery assisted by a trained person and out of pocket expenditure. We estimated probit and bivariate probit models to take into account the issue of self selection into the health insurance schemes.ResultsThe results suggest that, also taking into account the issue of self selection into the health insurance schemes, the NHIS enrollment positively affects the probability of formal antenatal check ups before delivery, the probability of delivery in an institution and the probability of being assisted during delivery by a trained person. On the contrary, we find that, once the issue of self selection is taken into account, the NHIS enrollment does not have a significant effect on out of pocket expenditure at the extensive margin.ConclusionSince a greater utilization of health care services has a strong positive effect on the current and future health status of women and their children, the health care authorities in Ghana should make every effort to extend this coverage. In particular, since the results of the first step of the bivariate probit regressions suggest that the educational attainment of women is a strong determinant of enrollment, and those with low education and unable to read are less likely to enroll, information on the NHIS should be disseminated in ways that reach those with little or no education. Moreover, the availability of government health facilities in a region is associated with higher likelihood of enrollment in the NHIS. Accordingly, extending geographical access is an important strategy for expanding NHIS membership and improving access to health care.
Inside Campaigns: Elections through the Eyes of Political Professionals

Chapter 1: Unafraid to Fail The Craft and Science of Poltical Campaigns A Tale of Two Managers The Personal Side of Politics Why Campaign Managers Do It What Campaigns Do Do Campaigns Matter? Teaching Topics Chapter 2: Political Math Why Campaigns Matter Debating Campaign "Effects" What Does "Matter" Mean? The Role of Fundamentals: From Demographics to Party ID Partisan Composition of the Electorate Share and Performance The Case of Nevada Ask Gore if the Margin Matters Chapter 3: Political Historian and Data Scientist Charting a Path to Victory through Information and Analysis Tough Numbers in the Big Easy Defining a Winning  Who Are Our Targets?  Targeting and Micro Targeting: "Bells and Whistles" vs. "Old Fashioned Grunt Work" Focus Groups, Polls, and Other Forms of Information Gathering Determining Voter Blocs GOTV  Enterpreneur and Chief Financial Officer Launching the Campaign Spending and Margins The Money Advantage How Money Matters (Decisions) "The Nightmare of All Campaigns" (Fundraising) Hiring the Right Team (Staff)  Marketing Wizard How Do We Reach Them? The Paradox of Politics and Marketing in the Digital Age Political Brand Management: Knowledge is Power What are GRPs? Learning the Basic Language of Media How Many GRPs Does a Campaign Need? Exploding the Conventional Wisdom of "1,000 GRPs Per Spot" In the Internet Age, Television is Still King The Media Mix: Beyond TV Manager Profile Katie Merrill: Managing in the California Big Leagues Chapter 6: Script Writer and Stage Manager Crafting the Campaign's Messages What Do We Tell Voters? How the Message Matters Why Campaigns "Go Negative" "A Hugging Contest?" Why Negative Ads Affect Election Margins When Going Negative Backfires Going Negative in a Primary Responding to Negative Attacks  Chapter 7: Spinmeister and Policy Wonk Navigating the Media Landscape Defusing Bad Press The Shifting Character of the Media Landscape "Hand to Hand Combat" The Frustrated Policy Wonk Cell Phones and Earned Media "The Blogs Will Pick It Up Immediately" (Speed) Working the Refs (Credibility)  Deciding to Vote and Voting for or Against a Candidate "Old Fashioned Grunt Work" Losing and Winning on the Ground Manager Profile  Just Say No Chapter 9: Strategy Enforcer and Team Builder Keeping a Day to Day Focus on the Long Term Path to Victory James Carville: Losing Before Winning Clinton Gore 1992: "The Best Campaign Ever" Keeping the Campaign Team on Strategy with Signage Inheriting a Team: The Turnaround Manager How Are We Doing? Strategy Enforcer in the Age of Super PACs "What are They Doing?" Team Builder Managing Consultants "The Right Kind of Culture" Chapter 10: Candidate Caretaker and Confidant Handling Details and Building Trust Becoming Indispensable The Buffer and the Concierge Building Trust: "Jimmy Here's What We Need to Do" Building the Relationship Honesty Managing the Candidate's Family Losing and Winning: When the Campaign Ends
Oral Language Deficits in Familial Dyslexia: A Meta Analysis and Review
Venue: Psychological bulletin

This article reviews 95 publications (based on 21 independent samples) that have examined children at family risk of reading disorders. We report that children at family risk of dyslexia experience delayed language development as infants and toddlers. In the preschool period, they have significant difficulties in phonological processes as well as with broader language skills and in acquiring the foundations of decoding skill (letter knowledge, phonological awareness and rapid automatized naming [RAN] Findings are mixed with regard to auditory and visual perception: they do not appear subject to slow motor development, but lack of control for comorbidities confounds interpretation. Longitudinal studies of outcomes show that children at family risk who go on to fulfil criteria for dyslexia have more severe impairments in preschool language than those who are defined as normal readers, but the latter group do less well than controls. Similarly at school age, family risk of dyslexia is associated with significantly poor phonological awareness and literacy skills. Although there is no strong evidence that children at family risk are brought up in an environment that differs significantly from that of controls, their parents tend to have lower educational levels and read less frequently to themselves. Together, the findings suggest that a phonological processing deficit can be conceptualized as an endophenotype of dyslexia that increases the continuous risk of reading difficulties; in turn its impact may be moderated by protective factors.
In situ LA ICP MS U Pb geochronology and trace elements analysis of polygenetic titanite from the giant Beiya gold polymetallic deposit in Yunnan Province, Southwest China

The Beiya gold polymetallic deposit, located in the middle of the Jinshajiang Ailaoshan alkaline porphyry metallogenic belt, is one of the largest gold deposits in China. The mineralization mainly occurs in skarn along the intrusive contacts between the alkaline porphyries and Middle Triassic limestone. In this paper, we present U Pb age as well as major and trace element geochemistry of titanite from the Beiya deposit, and distinguish the titanite into a magmatic and a hydrothermal suite. Our study indicates that the titanite from the ore related porphyry and from the mineralized skarn is texturally and geochemically very different. The euhedral, envelope shaped titanite from the ore related porphyry has lower FeO, F, HFSEs, Nb/Ta and Lu/Hf, together with higher TiO2 and Th/U than the subhedral titanite from the mineralized skarn. The titanite from the porphyry also displays higher LREE/HREE and more subtle negative Eu anomaly than its mineralized skarn counterpart. This suggests a magmatic and a hydrothermal origin for, respectively, the titanite from the ore related porphyry and from the mineralized skarn. In situ magmatic titanite U Pb dating has yielded an Eocene age of 36.0 5.9 Ma, consistent with the porphyry zircon U Pb age (36.07 0.43 Ma) obtained in previous studies. Hydrothermal titanite has yielded a weighted average 206Pb/238U age of 33.1 1.0 Ma (MSWD 2.0) which represents the age of the retrograde skarn alteration and the maximum age for the gold mineralization. Together with the previous molybdenite Re Os age, we have further constrained the Beiya gold polymetallic metallogeny to 33.1 34.1 Ma. The mineralization age is slightly younger than the porphyry emplacement, indicating that the Beiya metallogeny was likely to be a post magmatic hydrothermal product of the Himalayan orogenic event. The REE characteristics of hydrothermal titanite also reveal that the ore forming fluids may have been derived from a highly oxidized magma.
The hidden risk in user generated content: an investigation of ski tourers' revealed risk taking behavior on an online outdoor sports platform.

This paper investigates risk taking behavior in the context of an online outdoor sports platform. Analyzing a unique behavioral dataset of 6242 ski tours completed over a time period of eight winter seasons, this paper shows that the accuracy of user generated content on ski tours is limited and that more than one third of ski tours accessible on the respective online platform was relatively dangerous on the particular days according to a common avalanche risk assessment method. The quantitative analysis furthermore reveals that at avalanche danger level "considerable" more than sixty percent of ski tours were relatively dangerous. Overall, this paper provides novel insights into risks that come with user generated content in the adventure tourism and adventure recreation domain and derives important implications for online platform users, online platform providers, public institutions, and tourism destinations.
An Isolated Bidirectional Integrated Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Battery Charger with Resonant Converters

Plug in hybrid electric vehicles draw electricity from the electrical grid and store energy in their batteries. To increase charge availability for plug in hybrid electric vehicles, on board chargers can be used, which should be small in size and lightweight. In this article, an on board bidirectional soft switched battery charger is proposed that utilizes a phase shift controlled dual bridge series resonant converter with isolation. The bidirectional characteristic of proposed charger makes it suitable for vehicle to grid operation (i.e. injecting power from the vehicle to the grid) in smart grids. A switching control scheme is also proposed to provide soft switching operation for all semiconductor switches, resulting in high efficiency for the charger. In this structure, the conventional bulky capacitor of the DC link is eliminated. In addition, the proposed charger can integrate the hardware of the traction system; hence, the size of the whole charger inverter system will be drastically decreased. The appropriate performance of the proposed charger is verified by simulation and experimental results.
Over 300kHz GaN device based resonant bidirectional DCDC converter with integrated magnetics
Venue: 2016 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)

This paper presents a study of the isolated DC/DC stage of Bi directional on board battery charger module (OBCM) for electric vehicle (EV) and plug in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) application. The conventional series resonant converter and secondary side switch delay time control is employed. The delay time control is used to assist the conventional variable switching frequency control of primary switches to reduce the switching frequency range. By utilizing gallium nitride (GaN) switches, the operating frequency is increased to over 300kHz and the sizes of the passive components are reduced. The new integrated magnetic transformer including two primary windings, one secondary winding, bobbin, and a magnetic core, are designed and implemented. With the magnetic integration, the converter with high power density is achieved while the number of its components and cost are reduced. A standard 3.3kW prototype DC/DC converter designed for a high frequency galvanic isolation of 400Vdc bus is developed with 250V~430V output range. The prototype circuit exhibits the maximum full load efficiency of over 97% with a switching frequency variation from 300 kHz to 600 kHz over the entire output voltage range.
La gestion des talents quatre questions a debattre au comite de direction

Plus que jamais, la gestion des talents se maintient au sommet des preoccupations des dirigeants. En effet, dans un contexte d'affaires ou il n'y a pas de place pour l'erreur, il revient au comite de direction de chaque organisation de minimiser les risques d'echec en ce qui concerne l'attraction, la fidelisation et le developpement de ses talents prometteurs. Voici quatre questions qui meritent d'etre examinees attentivement pour fins de discussion.
La gestion des talents definitions, modeles, pratiques d'entreprises

La gestion des talents est devenue en peu d'annees un enjeu important pour les entreprises. Dans la litterature en management des ressources humaines, le concept de talent a egalement pris une grande place, suscitant des travaux theoriques s'attachant principalement a en preciser la definition ainsi qu'a figurer les changements introduits par cette notion. Cependant nous n'avons encore qu'une comprehension limitee des pratiques en entreprise. Considerant le foisonnement des enjeux affiches par les professionnels en charge des ressources humaines et la variete des dispositifs mis en place, peut on encore parler de l'emergence d'un modele L'etude menee aupres de professionnels RH dans 16 entreprises francaises de haute technologie indique que la notion de talent n'inaugure pas une ere nouvelle. Presentee comme annonciatrice d'un nouveau modele laissant davantage de place a des evolutions et a l'autonomie du salarie, la notion de talent est en fait reintegree a une perspective gestionnaire 'RH' adequationniste classique, sous une forme associant les caracteristiques de la competence et du potentiel.
La gestion des talents

Plus que jamais, la gestion des talents se maintient au sommet des preoccupations des dirigeants. En effet, dans un contexte d'affaires ou il n'y a pas de place pour l'erreur, il revient au comite de direction de chaque organisation de minimiser les risques d'echec en ce qui concerne l'attraction, la fidelisation et le developpement de ses talents prometteurs. Voici quatre questions qui meritent d'etre examinees attentivement pour fins de discussion.
Analysis of OpenMP and MPI implementations of meta heuristics for vehicle routing problems
Venue: Appl. Soft Comput.

Graphical abstractDisplay Omitted HighlightsWe parallelize a sequential meta heuristic based on simulated annealing.The island and master worker models, and OpenMP and MPI implementations are used.Vehicle routing problems with time windows are used as benchmarks.The performance of multithreading and multi core processing is analyzed.The different implementation alternatives are statistically compared by using ANOVA. The parallelization of heuristic methods allows the researchers both to explore the solution space more extensively and to accelerate the search process. Nowadays, there is an increasing interest on developing parallel algorithms using standard software components that take advantage of modern microprocessors including several processing cores with local and shared cache memories. The aim of this paper is to show it is possible to parallelize algorithms included in computational software using standard software libraries in low cost multi core systems, instead of using expensive high performance systems or supercomputers. In particular, it is analyzed the benefits provided by master worker and island parallel models, implemented with MPI and OpenMP software libraries, to parallelize population based meta heuristics. The capacitated vehicle routing problem with hard time windows (VRPTW) has been used to evaluate the performance of these parallel strategies. The empirical results for a set of Solomon's benchmarks show that the parallel approaches executed on a multi core processor produce better solutions than the sequential algorithm with respect to both the quality of the solutions obtained and the runtime required to get them. Both MPI and OpenMP parallel implementations are able to obtain better or at least equal solutions (in terms of distance traveled) than the best known ones for the considered benchmark instances.
PARALLELIZATION OF 3D IMMERSED BOUNDARY LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD FOR LARGE SCALE SOLID PARTICLE SUSPENSION FLOWS USING MPI AND OpenMP

Discrete particle simulations consider the issue of coupling liquid flow and solid particles. The coupling methods and the corresponding algorithms for realizing the couple are still developed. The applications of Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) have been widely practiced for the simulations of multiphase flows through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique. In this study, the LBM was used to simulate the suspensions of solid particles in the fluid using the 3D immersed boundary LBM method. The in house code of the 3D immersed boundary LBM method was parallelized using the naturally parallelized merits of the LBM. The high performance computing (HPC) was tested and analyzed at a supercomputer. The parallel programming was based on OpenMP and MPI respectively. In OpenMP parallel programming the fork join technique was employed for do loop running and in MPI parallel programming the domain decomposition technique was employed for data partitioning and communicating. Through the high performance computing (HPC) studies on large scale parallel computing, it shows that OpenMP parallel programming is able to lead the immersed boundary LBM method on the parallel speed up for large scale solid particle suspension flows.
Parallelization of reverse time migration using MPI OpenMP
Venue: 2016 International Conference on Advanced Communication Control and Computing Technologies (ICACCCT)

Increasing computational power ensures effective implementation of high end HPC applications but does not guarantee performance. Seismic modelling is one such high computational demanding application. In oil and gas industries, reverse time migration is one of the important migration algorithms that guarantees accurate imaging results but its practical implementation gets hindered due to its high computational cost. In this paper we will discuss reverse time migration for solving 2D wave equations using finite difference method and its parallel implementation using Message Passing Interface(MPI) and OpenMP.
Control of a shape memory alloy actuated rotary manipulator using an artificial neural network based self sensing technique

Shape memory alloys are a class of smart materials that can recover their original shape by heating above a temperature called austenite transformation temperature when subjected to deformation at low temperature. This property enables the shape memory alloy to be used as a unique actuator. Also, the material's resistance changes during transformation. Thus, the change in resistance and other electrical properties can be used to sense the deformation, which eliminates the requirement of additional sensors. An artificial neural network, described in our earlier study, was able to accurately model the relationship between the electrical properties and manipulator position. This study aims to develop a control methodology of a shape memory alloy actuated rotary manipulator using the feedback signal from the previously developed artificial neural network model, thus eliminating the need of any external position sensor. The control methodology using variable structure control technique is experimentally tested under different conditions. Also, the effect of environmental temperature on the ability of artificial neural network to predict manipulator position is analyzed using phenomenological model simulations. It is concluded that this system gives a robust performance with a small tolerance (less than 5deg) and can operate well even when the ambient temperature changes considerably.
Low Rank Sparse Feature Selection for Patient Similarity Learning
Venue: 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM)

Comparing and identifying similar patients is a fundamental task in medical domains an efficient technique can, for example, help doctors to track patient cohorts, compare the effectiveness of treatments, or predict medical outcomes. The goal of patient similarity learning is to derive a clinically meaningful measure to evaluate the similarity amongst patients represented by their key clinical indicators. However, it is challenging to learn such similarity, as medical data are usually high dimensional, heterogeneous, and complex. In addition, a desirable patient similarity is dependent on particular clinical settings, which implies supervised learning scheme is more useful in medical domains. To address these, in this paper we present a novel similarity learning approach formulated as the generalized Mahalanobis similarity function with pairwise constraints. Considering there always exists some features non discriminative and contains redundant information, we encode a low rank structure to our similarity function to perform feature selection. We evaluate the proposed model on both UCI benchmarks and a real clinical dataset for several medical tasks, including patient retrieval, classification, and cohort discovery. The results show that our similarity model significantly outperforms many state of the art baselines, and is effective at removing noisy or redundant features.
Ownership structure and corporate tax avoidance: Evidence from publicly listed private firms in China

This study examines the association between ownership structure and corporate tax avoidance in publicly listed private firms in China. We find a significant non linear association between ownership concentration and tax avoidance that exhibits an inverted U shaped pattern. At a lower level, increased ownership concentration is positively associated with tax avoidance due to the entrenchment effect. However, beyond the minimum level necessary for effective control, concentrated ownership through voting rights is negatively associated with tax avoidance because of the alignment effect. We also find a significantly positive association between pyramidal ownership structure and tax avoidance due to the entrenchment effect. When voting rights and cash flow rights diverge, a lower level of cash flow rights fails to offer the controlling owner incentive alignment sufficient to reduce the entrenchment effect and tax avoidance.
Issues of Culture Specific Item Translation in Subtitling

Culture specific items (CSI) have received the attention of many researchers who claim that CSI translation is always problematic due to cultural interrelation. Rendering culture specific items in an audiovisual format is currently one of the most topical issues in translation research. The paper employs the taxonomy designed by Pedersen (2011) for culture specific item translation from English into Lithuanian analyzed in the subtitles of the Australian TV reality show My Kitchen Rules The results indicate that not all culture specific items are appropriately rendered into the target language, which is a significant factor in the evaluation of translation quality.