nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Exposure to violence predicts poor educational outcomes in young children in South Africa and Malawi
Venue: International health

Violence during childhood may affect short and long term educational factors. There is scant literature on younger children from resource poor settings.  This study assessed child violence experiences (harsh punishment and exposure to domestic or community violence) and school enrolment, progress and attendance in children attending community based organisations in South Africa and Malawi (n=989) at baseline and at 15 months' follow up, examining differential experience of HIV positive, HIV affected and HIV unaffected children.  Violence exposure was high: 45.4% experienced some form of psychological violence, 47.8% physical violence, 46.7% domestic violence and 41.8% community violence. Primary school enrolment was 96% Violence was not associated with school enrolment at baseline but, controlling for baseline, children exposed to psychological violence for discipline were more than ten times less likely to be enrolled at follow up (OR 0.09; 95% CI 0.01 to 0.57) Harsh discipline was associated with poor school progress. For children HIV positive a detrimental effect of harsh physical discipline was found on school performance (OR 0.10; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.61)  Violence experiences were associated with a number of educational outcomes, which may have long term consequences. Community based organisations may be well placed to address such violence, with a particular emphasis on the challenges faced by children who are HIV positive.
Nonsurgical miniscrew assisted rapid maxillary expansion results in acceptable stability in young adults.
Venue: The Angle orthodontist

To evaluate the stability of nonsurgical miniscrew assisted rapid maxillary expansion (MARME) in young adults with a transverse maxillary deficiency.  From a total of 69 adult patients who underwent MARME followed by orthodontic treatment with a straight wire appliance, 20 patients (mean age, 20.9 2.9 years) with follow up records (mean, 30.2 13.2 months) after debonding were selected. Posteroanterior cephalometric records and dental casts were obtained at the initial examination (T0) immediately after MARME removal (T1) immediately after debonding (T2) and at posttreatment follow up (T3) RESULTS Suture separation was observed in 86.96% of subjects (60/69) An increase in the maxillary width (J J; 1.92 mm) accounted for 43.34% of the total expansion with regard to the intermolar width (IMW) increase (4.43 mm; P .001) at T2. The amounts of J J and IMW posttreatment changes were 0.07 mm (P .05) and 0.42 mm (P .01) respectively, during retention. The postexpansion change in middle alveolus width increased with age (P .05) The postexpansion change of interpremolar width (IPMW) was positively correlated with the amount of IPMW expansion (P .05) but not with IMW. The changes of the clinical crown heights in the maxillary canines, first premolars, and first molars were not significant at each time point.  Nonsurgical MARME can be a clinically acceptable and stable treatment modality for young adults with a transverse maxillary deficiency.
Study on Employee Value Proposition for Emerging Employer Brand: Case of Asiatic Manufacturing

Employee Value Proposition (EVP) is the equalization of the rewards and benefits that are gotten by employees consequently for their execution at the working environment. Organizations by and large build up an EVP to give a steady stage to employer brand correspondence and experience management. Employer branding is the procedure of advancing an organization, or an organization, as the employer of decision to a fancied target bunch, one which an organization needs and needs to enlist and retain. An "Employer Brand" depends on different immaterial variables, including discernment, picture, and the capacity to separate itself from contenders.  An employer brand speaks to the picture of an organization which it anticipates as a favored employer. Because of above idea this research was taken up. The intention was to comprehend the significance of brand building and the goal was to recognize particular variables towards brand building among existing employees. The research was embraced at Asiatic Manufacturing Pvt. Ltd. The research was empirical in nature. The populace focused on was the employees at center management framework. Random Sample Methodology was utilized. The instrument utilized was meeting system utilizing a semi organized poll. The optional information was gotten from post employment surveys of employees who had left the organization. Information was broke down utilizing measurable apparatuses and our outcomes could help us in distinguishing some particular parameters in the impression of organization by the employees and Suitable suggestions were made to the organization. The research is of gigantic potential since the same idea can be reached out to different portions of the same organization and to different organizations. The future extension likewise exists for directing point by point research and examinations in diverse segments.
From physiology to policy: A review of physiological noise effects on marine fauna with implications for mitigation

The development of guidelines for mitigating noise impacts on marine fauna requires data about the biological relevance of noise effects and about the practicality of mitigation options. Recent expansion of scientific knowledge has shown that noise effects vary among animals with different behavioral ecophysiology. Beaked whales exemplify that some sensitive species may experience negative effects of sound at kilometers from the source, due to behavioral reactions leading to indirect physiological damage. Moored hydrophone arrays have contributed substantially to our understanding of naval sonar effects on beaked whales and have been used to refine techniques for passive acoustic detection of cetaceans. Similarly, broadband Ocean Bottom Cables/Nodes could facilitate learning about effects of seismic sounds and cetaceans' distribution offshore. This information is essential to improve spatial mitigation in the planning phase of activities. Also, passive acoustics can help real time mitigation, which requir.
Spark Versus Flink: Understanding Performance in Big Data Analytics Frameworks
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER)

Big Data analytics has recently gained increasing popularity as a tool to process large amounts of data on demand. Spark and Flink are two Apache hosted data analytics frameworks that facilitate the development of multi step data pipelines using directly acyclic graph patterns. Making the most out of these frameworks is challenging because efficient executions strongly rely on complex parameter configurations and on an in depth understanding of the underlying architectural choices. Although extensive research has been devoted to improving and evaluating the performance of such analytics frameworks, most of them benchmark the platforms against Hadoop, as a baseline, a rather unfair comparison considering the fundamentally different design principles. This paper aims to bring some justice in this respect, by directly evaluating the performance of Spark and Flink. Our goal is to identify and explain the impact of the different architectural choices and the parameter configurations on the perceived end to end performance. To this end, we develop a methodology for correlating the parameter settings and the operators execution plan with the resource usage. We use this methodology to dissect the performance of Spark and Flink with several representative batch and iterative workloads on up to 100 nodes. Our key finding is that there none of the two framework outperforms the other for all data types, sizes and job patterns. This paper performs a fine characterization of the cases when each framework is superior, and we highlight how this performance correlates to operators, to resource usage and to the specifics of the internal framework design.
Peripheral Nerve Injury: Stem Cell Therapy and Peripheral Nerve Transfer
Venue: International journal of molecular sciences

Peripheral nerve injury can lead to great morbidity in those afflicted, ranging from sensory loss, motor loss, chronic pain, or a combination of deficits. Over time, research has investigated neuronal molecular mechanisms implicated in nerve damage, classified nerve injury, and developed surgical techniques for treatment. Despite these advancements, full functional recovery remains less than ideal. In this review, we discuss historical aspects of peripheral nerve injury and introduce nerve transfer as a therapeutic option, as well as an adjunct therapy to transplantation of Schwann cells and their stem cell derivatives for repair of the damaged nerve. This review furthermore, will provide an elaborated discussion on the sources of Schwann cells, including sites to harvest their progenitor and stem cell lines. This reflects the accessibility to an additional, concurrent treatment approach with nerve transfers that, predicated on related research, may increase the efficacy of the current approach. We then discuss the experimental and clinical investigations of both Schwann cells and nerve transfer that are underway. Lastly, we provide the necessary consideration that these two lines of therapeutic approaches should not be exclusive, but conversely, should be pursued as a combined modality given their mutual role in peripheral nerve regeneration.
Evaluation of WRF shortwave radiation parameterizations in predicting Global Horizontal Irradiance in Greece

This study aims at assessing the differences induced in the Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) predictions by the mesoscale atmospheric Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model when using different shortwave radiation. Model predictions are compared with GHI measurements at 12 stations of the Hellenic Network of Solar Energy (HNSE) for January, April, July and October 2013. The shortwave radiation schemes that were evaluated are: the Dudhia, the updated Rapid Radiative Transfer Model (RRTMG) the updated Goddard and the Goddard Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) schemes. All schemes perform better under cloudless conditions due to limited ability of the WRF model to simulate cloudy conditions. The Dudhia scheme performs best with mean relative difference of 2.2 15% for clear skies, while the differences for the other schemes range between 5 and 12% with similar standard deviations. For all skies, the model derived hourly GHI is overestimated for all schemes ~40 70%
Validation of a global horizontal irradiation assessment from a numerical weather prediction model in the south of Sonora Mexico

The present work illustrates the methodology followed to generate a high spatial (9 km) and high temporal resolution (10 min) global solar irradiance assessment, based on a numerical weather prediction model, for the south of Sonora region in Mexico and its validation with observational data. At the same time a comparison with an ERA Interim output data was performed in order to determine if downscaling was necessary. The methodology used starts with obtaining the mean radiation year in order to strongly reduce computational cost. Each day of the mean radiation year defines the initial and boundary conditions of the simulations. The simulation outputs were used to create the monthly and the annual irradiation maps. The grid cells are compared with the corresponding observation and the precision of the model is evaluated. The correlation of the model with the observation data is higher than 0.88. The rRMSE of the model during the fall and winter is observed to be lowered than 6.4% but the rRMSE increases during the spring and summer. The results show that the downscaling using the configuration selected was correct.
Video anomaly detection based on locality sensitive hashing filters
Venue: Pattern Recognit.

In this paper, we propose a novel anomaly detection approach based on Locality Sensitive Hashing Filters (LSHF) which hashes normal activities into multiple feature buckets with Locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH) functions to filter out abnormal activities. An online updating procedure is also introduced into the framework of LSHF for adapting to the changes of the video scenes. Furthermore, we develop a new evaluation function to evaluate the hash map and employ the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method to search for the optimal hash functions, which improves the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed anomaly detection method. Experimental results on multiple datasets demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is capable of localizing various abnormal activities in real world surveillance videos and outperforms state of the art anomaly detection methods. HighlightsWe present a locality sensitive hashing filters based method for anomaly detection.Normal activities are hashed by hash functions into buckets to build filters.Abnormality of a test sample is estimated by filter response of its nearest bucket.Online updating mechanism increase the adaptability to scene changes.Searching for optimal hash functions improves the detection accuracy.Our method performs favorably against previous anomaly detection algorithms.
[Compassion as a mediator between stressful events and perceived stress in Greek students]
Venue: Psychiatrike Psychiatriki

Compassion is closely related with human's survival as a mammal and has been developed through evolution for pain reduction, for forming affiliative bonds and alliances with non kin in order to increase protection and cope with external threats. Compassion seems to influence people's ability to deal with life's adverse situations such as stress and it is linked with lower psychopathology and greater wellbeing. Compassion is closely related to empathy and altruism and it is defined as the recognition of the pain of the self or others' that is accompanied with the will to take action in order to relieve the person from pain. Its main features are kindness instead of self judgment and indifference, the recognition of common humanity instead of the feeling of separation and mindfulness when facing adverse conditions instead of over identification with one's pain or disengagement with the pain of others. According to the biopsychosocial approach, stress can be defined by three dimensions such as the cause or stressful factors that can be major life events or daily hassles, the perception of stress that is manifested through cognitive, emotional and behavioural reactions and the physiological response for achieving homeostasis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of compassion for self and others in the occurrence of stressful events and levels of perceived stress in students. Participants were 280 undergraduate students from two Greek universities. Results indicated that students who had experienced a greater amount of stressful events during the past year reported having higher levels of perceived stress and that higher self compassion was correlated with less perceived stress. Moreover, the adverse effect of stressful events on perceived stress was partially explained by the mediating role of self compassion. Students who reported more stressful events showed higher compassion for others in opposition to compassion towards themselves but compassion for others was not significantly correlated with perceived stress. Since compassion is not considered being a fixed personality trait but it is seen as a capacity that can be developed by appropriate training it was suggested that enhancing self compassion's stress buffering properties can be useful for dealing with stressful events and reducing stress responses. Moeover, it was suggested that it is interesting to explore the relationship between compassion for others and positive characteristics such as sense of coherence, quality of life and social support that may enhance stress resilience indirectly. The above findings imply that it is important to investigate further the role of compassion in coping with stress in qualitative, longitudinal studies as well as randomized control trials. Compassion may be an alternative mechanism for coping with stressful events and stress, other than fight or flight that has been shaped by evolution.
Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT) Explanation and Elaboration Statement
Venue: British Journal of Sports Medicine

Exercise is effective for prevention and management of acute and chronic health conditions. However, trial descriptions of exercise interventions are often suboptimal, leaving readers unclear about the content of effective programmes. To address this, the 16 item internationally endorsed Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT) was developed. The aim is to present the final template and provide an Explanation and Elaboration Statement to operationalise the CERT. Development of the CERT was based on the EQUATOR Network methodological framework for developing reporting guidelines. We used a modified Delphi technique to gain consensus of international exercise experts and conducted 3 sequential rounds of anonymous online questionnaires and a Delphi workshop. The 16 item CERT is the minimum data set considered necessary to report exercise interventions. The contents may be included in online supplementary material, published as a protocol or located on websites and other electronic repositories. The Explanation and Elaboration Statement is intended to enhance the use, understanding and dissemination of the CERT and presents the meaning and rationale for each item, together with examples of good reporting. The CERT is designed specifically for the reporting of exercise programmes across all evaluative study designs for exercise research. The CERT can be used by authors to structure intervention reports, by reviewers and editors to assess completeness of exercise descriptions and by readers to facilitate the use of the published information. The CERT has the potential to increase clinical uptake of effective exercise programmes, enable research replication, reduce research waste and improve patient outcomes.
Tracking a moving target in cluttered environments using a quadrotor
Venue: 2016 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

We address the challenging problem of tracking a moving target in cluttered environments using a quadrotor. Our online trajectory planning method generates smooth, dynamically feasible, and collision free polynomial trajectories that follow a visually tracked moving target. As visual observations of the target are obtained, the target trajectory can be estimated and used to predict the target motion for a short time horizon. We propose a formulation to embed both limited horizon tracking error and quadrotor control costs in the cost function for a quadratic programming (QP) while encoding both collision avoidance and dynamical feasibility as linear inequality constraints for the QP. Our method generates tracking trajectories in the order of milliseconds and is therefore suitable for online target tracking with a limited sensing range. We implement our approach on board a quadrotor testbed equipped with cameras, a laser range finder, an IMU, and onboard computing. Statistical analysis, simulation, and real world experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Knowledge Graph Completion by Embedding with Bi directional Projections
Venue: ICIC

Knowledge graph (KG) completion aims at predicting the unknown links between entities and relations. In this paper, we focus on this task through embedding a KG into a latent space. Existing embedding based approaches such as TransH usually perform the same operation on head and tail entities in a triple. Such way could ignore the different roles of head and tail entities in a relation. To resolve this problem, this paper proposes a novel method for KGs embedding by preforming bi directional projections on head and tail entities. In this way, the different information of an entity could be elaborately captured when it plays different roles for a relation. The experimental results on multiple benchmark datasets demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms state of the art methods.
A Hybrid Book Recommender System Based on Table of Contents (ToC) and Association Rule Mining
Venue: INFOS '16

Recommender systems are used to access appropriate items and information by personalized suggestions based on user previous preferences and their likes dislikes. These systems are used in different domains including products, videos, images, articles, news and books. Several recommender systems have been designed for recommending books. However, the available book recommenders face several issues in making relevant book recommendations because most of these do not take into account the book contents at deeper level and process only the mere descriptions about books on web pages along with metadata and other rating information. In order to cope with this issue, we present a hybrid book recommender that recommends books by using book table of contents (TOC) along with association rule mining and opinions of similar users.
What Counts and What Gets Counted

Management reporting systems are like power tools. They help you improve performance quickly and effectively, but one careless moment can cause irreparable damage and serious injury. For years, my students have been asking permission to send this book of best practices and safety tips to colleagues, friends and family. This revision provides a comprehensive introduction to management reporting systems, complete with links to nearly 100 videos, written to be appropriate for students and practitioners of any background, across all areas where people organize their efforts to improve performance. Examples include business, charities, governmental agencies, education, sports, and family life. Each of its 28 essays can be read separately, making the book well suited to use as supplemental reading.Drawing extensively from current research and classical philosophy, the book encourages both deep skepticism about performance measures and pragmatic recognition of how useful they can be. Thoughtless adherence to performance measures leads many to decry "bean counters," and emphasize that "Not everything that counts can be counted, and not everything that can be counted counts." Yet something gets counted whenever we need to make critical decisions throughout the workplace, politics and daily life.This book will help readers interpret the performance measures generated by the managerial reporting systems most pervasive in modern organizations, design systems that generate more useful measures, and make better use those measures even though what gets counted often paints a misleading picture of what counts.