nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning with Guarantees using Descriptive Complexity and SMT Solvers
Venue: ArXiv

Machine learning is a thriving part of computer science. There are many efficient approaches to machine learning that do not provide strong theoretical guarantees, and a beautiful general learning theory. Unfortunately, machine learning approaches that give strong theoretical guarantees have not been efficient enough to be applicable. In this paper we introduce a logical approach to machine learning. Models are represented by tuples of logical formulas and inputs and outputs are logical structures. We present our framework together with several applications where we evaluate it using SAT and SMT solvers. We argue that this approach to machine learning is particularly suited to bridge the gap between efficiency and theoretical soundness. We exploit results from descriptive complexity theory to prove strong theoretical guarantees for our approach. To show its applicability, we present experimental results including learning complexity theoretic reductions rules for board games. We also explain how neural networks fit into our framework, although the current implementation does not scale to provide guarantees for real world neural networks.
Semigroups Of Linear Operators And Applications To Partial Differential Equations

Thank you very much for downloading semigroups of linear operators and applications to partial differential equations. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their favorite novels like this semigroups of linear operators and applications to partial differential equations, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious bugs inside their desktop computer.
Global unscented attitude estimation via the matrix Fisher distributions on SO(3)
Venue: 2016 American Control Conference (ACC)

This paper is focused on probabilistic estimation for the attitude dynamics of a rigid body on the special orthogonal group. We select the matrix Fisher distribution to represent the uncertainties of attitude estimates and measurements in a global fashion without need for local coordinates. Several properties of the matrix Fisher distribution on the special orthogonal group are presented, and an unscented transform is proposed to approximate a matrix Fisher distribution by selected sigma points. Based on these, an intrinsic, global framework for Bayesian attitude estimation is developed. It is shown that the proposed approach can successfully deal with large initial estimator errors and large uncertainties over complex maneuvers to obtain accurate estimates of the attitude.
Measurement of the high energy gamma ray emission from the Moon with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
Venue: Physical review. D.

We have measured the gamma ray emission spectrum of the Moon using the data collected by the Large Area Telescope onboard the Fermi satellite during its first seven years of operation, in the energy range from 30 MeV up to a few GeV. We have also studied the time evolution of the flux, finding a correlation with the solar activity. We have developed a full Monte Carlo simulation describing the interactions of cosmic rays with the lunar surface. The results of the present analysis can be explained in the framework of this model, where the production of gamma rays is due to the interactions of cosmic ray proton and helium nuclei with the surface of the Moon. Finally, we have used our simulation to derive the cosmic ray proton and helium spectra near Earth from the Moon gamma ray data.
Multiculturalism and multicultural education: A case study of teacher candidates' perceptions

The main purpose of the research was to determine the multiculturalism and multicultural education perceptions of teacher candidates. The research was designed as qualitative within this context and was patterned as a case study. The research data were obtained from the semi structured interviews performed with 12 teacher candidates. In this research, teacher candidates evaluate the concept of multiculturalism positively because of the social structure. But, they are also aware of the importance of teacher education in the preparation of this infrastructure. The results of the study showed that especially in the transition of multicultural education, the teachers have primary responsibilities. And in this study, it also seemed that teacher education and teachers' positive attitudes toward multicultural education have an important role to live together; to be peaceful and respectful; to accept all identities with their cultural properties without fear of the country's separation.
Environmental effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill: A review.
Venue: Marine pollution bulletin

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill constituted an ecosystem level injury in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Much oil spread at 1100 1300m depth, contaminating and affecting deepwater habitats. Factors such as oil biodegradation, ocean currents and response measures (dispersants, burning) reduced coastal oiling. Still, >2100km of shoreline and many coastal habitats were affected. Research demonstrates that oiling caused a wide range of biological effects, although worst case impact scenarios did not materialize. Biomarkers in individual organisms were more informative about oiling stress than population and community indices. Salt marshes and seabird populations were hard hit, but were also quite resilient to oiling effects. Monitoring demonstrated little contamination of seafood. Certain impacts are still understudied, such as effects on seagrass communities. Concerns of long term impacts remain for large fish species, deep sea corals, sea turtles and cetaceans. These species and their habitats should continue to receive attention (monitoring and research) for years to come.
Multi View Discriminant Analysis
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence

In many computer vision systems, the same object can be observed at varying viewpoints or even by different sensors, which brings in the challenging demand for recognizing objects from distinct even heterogeneous views. In this work we propose a Multi view Discriminant Analysis (MvDA) approach, which seeks for a single discriminant common space for multiple views in a non pairwise manner by jointly learning multiple view specific linear transforms. Specifically, our MvDA is formulated to jointly solve the multiple linear transforms by optimizing a generalized Rayleigh quotient, i.e. maximizing the between class variations and minimizing the within class variations from both intra view and inter view in the common space. By reformulating this problem as a ratio trace problem, the multiple linear transforms are achieved analytically and simultaneously through generalized eigenvalue decomposition. Furthermore, inspired by the observation that different views share similar data structures, a constraint is introduced to enforce the view consistency of the multiple linear transforms. The proposed method is evaluated on three tasks: face recognition across pose, photo versus. sketch face recognition, and visual light image versus near infrared image face recognition on Multi PIE, CUFSF and HFB databases respectively. Extensive experiments show that our MvDA achieves significant improvements compared with the best known results.
Multi Modal Clique Graph Matching for View Based 3D Model Retrieval
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Image Processing

Multi view matching is an important but a challenging task in view based 3D model retrieval. To address this challenge, we propose an original multi modal clique graph (MCG) matching method in this paper. We systematically present a method for MCG generation that is composed of cliques, which consist of neighbor nodes in multi modal feature space and hyper edges that link pairwise cliques. Moreover, we propose an image set based clique/edgewise similarity measure to address the issue of the set to set distance measure, which is the core problem in MCG matching. The proposed MCG provides the following benefits: 1) preserves the local and global attributes of a graph with the designed structure; 2) eliminates redundant and noisy information by strengthening inliers while suppressing outliers; and 3) avoids the difficulty of defining high order attributes and solving hyper graph matching. We validate the MCG based 3D model retrieval using three popular single modal data sets and one novel multi modal data set. Extensive experiments show the superiority of the proposed method through comparisons. Moreover, we contribute a novel real world 3D object data set, the multi view RGB D object data set. To the best of our knowledge, it is the largest real world 3D object data set containing multi modal and multi view information.
Behavior and stability of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during chlorine disinfection.
Venue: Water research

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) analysis is a cultivation independent alternative method for the determination of bacterial viability in both chlorinated and non chlorinated water. Here we investigated the behavior and stability of ATP during chlorination in detail. Different sodium hypochlorite doses (0 22.4 mg Cl2 L( 1) 5 min exposure) were applied to an Escherichia coli pure culture suspended in filtered river water. We observed decreasing intracellular ATP with increasing chlorine concentrations, but extracellular ATP concentrations only increased when the chlorine dose exceeded 0.35 mg L( 1) The release of ATP from chlorine damaged bacteria coincided with severe membrane damage detected with flow cytometry (FCM) The stability of extracellular ATP was subsequently studied in different water matrixes, and we found that extracellular ATP was stable in sterile deionized water and also in chlorinated water until extremely high chlorine doses =11.2 mg Cl2 L( 1) 5 min exposure) In contrast, ATP decreased relatively slowly (k 0.145 h( 1) in 0.1 mm filtered river water, presumably due to degradation by either extracellular enzymes or the fraction of bacteria that were able to pass through the filter. Extracellular ATP decreased considerably faster (k 0.368 h( 1) during batch growth of a river water bacterial community. A series of growth potential tests showed that extracellular ATP molecules were utilized as a phosphorus source during bacteria proliferation. From the combined data we conclude that ATP released from bacteria at high chlorine doses could promote bacteria regrowth, contributing to biological instability in drinking water distribution systems.
Starch: Modified Starches

Native starch is a good texture stabilizer and regulator in food systems, but limitations, such as low shear resistance, thermal resistance, and high tendency toward retrogradation, limit its use in some food applications. These shortcomings can be overcome by starch modification, which is achieved through chemical (derivatization) or physical (heat moisture and high pressure) treatments, acid or enzymatic hydrolysis, or genetic modification. Chemical modification involves the introduction of functional groups into the starch molecule, resulting in markedly altered functional properties, and is generally achieved through derivatization such as etherification, esterification, cross linking, and grafting of starch. The distinguishing factors that affect the efficiency of modification are the starch source, amylose to amylopectin ratio, granule morphology, and type and concentration of the modifying reagent. The physical state of the ingested starch has a major impact on its digestibility and postprandial glycemic response. The methods commonly used to modify starches for food applications are discussed in detail in the present article.
Technology acquiring cross border M&As by emerging market firms: role of bilateral trade openness
Venue: Technol. Anal. Strateg. Manag.

This paper investigates the role of bilateral trade openness in technology acquiring cross border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) by emerging market firms (EMFs) The cross border M&A, patents, and financial data from January 2000 to December 2013 have been utilised for empirical analyses. By analysing cumulative abnormal returns of the acquirer EMFs from Brazil, Russia, China, India, and Mexico, the value creating nature of technology acquiring cross border M&As has been confirmed. In addition, the number of the patents owned by the target firms showed a positive and significant effect on the stock performance of cross border acquirers. Finally, the bilateral trade openness significantly and positively moderated the relation between the innovation capability of the target firms and EMFs' stock performance.
Initiation strategies for simultaneous control of antiphase domains and stacking faults in GaAs solar cells on Ge

Incorporating a Ge junction into a lattice matched GaInP/GaAs/GaInNAsSb triple junction cell grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) could enable concentrated efficiencies of ~50% Epitaxial integration allows lift off and wafer bonding steps to be avoided, but growth of III Vs on Ge by MBE can lead to antiphase domains (APD) and stacking fault pyramids (SFP) both of which diminish solar cell performance. Initiating growth by migration enhanced epitaxy (MEE) is typically cited as necessary to obtain high quality III Vs on Ge. In this work, the authors show that typical MEE growth conditions force a compromise between APD height (hAPD) and SFP density (rSFP) As APDs can readily self terminate while SFPs cannot, a two step initiation strategy was employed, where MEE is performed under conditions that minimize rSFP followed by low temperature MBE conditions that encourage APD termination. By doing so, the authors obtained rSFP 104 cm 2 with hAPD 57 nm. The authors also demonstrated that high quality GaAs.
The effect of an acute sleep hygiene strategy following a late night soccer match on recovery of players
Venue: Chronobiology international

Elite soccer players are at risk of reduced recovery following periods of sleep disruption, particularly following late night matches. It remains unknown whether improving sleep quality or quantity in such scenarios can improve post match recovery. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an acute sleep hygiene strategy (SHS) on physical and perceptual recovery of players following a late night soccer match. In a randomised cross over design, two highly trained amateur teams (20 players) played two late night (20:45) friendly matches against each other seven days apart. Players completed an SHS after the match or proceeded with their normal post game routine (NSHS) Over the ensuing 48 h, objective sleep parameters (sleep duration, onset latency, efficiency, wake episodes) countermovement jump (CMJ; height, force production) YoYo Intermittent Recovery test (YYIR2; distance, maximum heart rate, lactate) venous blood (creatine kinase, urea and c reactive protein) and perceived recovery and stress markers were collected. Sleep duration was significantly greater in SHS compared to NSHS on match night (P 0.002, d 1.50) with NSHS significantly less than baseline (P 0.001, d 1.95) Significant greater wake episodes occurred on match night for SHS (P 0.04, d 1.01) without significant differences between or within conditions for sleep onset latency (P 0.12) efficiency (P 0.39) or wake episode duration (P 0.07) No significant differences were observed between conditions for any physical performance or venous blood marker (all P 0.05) although maximum heart rate during the YYIR2 was significantly higher in NSHS than SHS at 36 h post match (P 0.01; d 0.81) There were no significant differences between conditions for perceptual "overall recovery" (P 0.47) or "overall stress" (P 0.17) Overall, an acute SHS improved sleep quantity following a late night soccer match; albeit without any improvement in physical performance, perceptual recovery or blood borne markers of muscle damage and inflammation.
A "Sleep 101" Program for College Students Improves Sleep Hygiene Knowledge and Reduces Maladaptive Beliefs about Sleep
Venue: Behavioral medicine

Sensitizing young adults about sleep hygiene knowledge and helpful sleep attitudes may have the potential to instill long lasting healthy sleep practices. Towards these ends, evaluation of psychoeducational program "Sleep 101" tailored to college students was undertaken. Following two weeks of sleep log recordings, participants were randomly assigned to a Sleep 101 (experimental) condition or a sleep monitoring (control) condition. The Sleep 101 condition was comprised of two 90 minute workshops aimed to educate students about healthy sleep practices, helpful thoughts about sleep, and ways to improve sleep. The sleep monitoring group received a sleep hygiene handout and completed sleep logs for the study duration. Sleep 101 participants endorsed fewer maladaptive beliefs and attitudes about sleep, increased sleep hygiene knowledge, and reduced sleep onset latency compared to the sleep monitoring participants. Brief psychoeducational courses may be a cost effective way to alleviate current, and/or prevent future, sleep problems in young adults.
The Influence of Stress Response, Physical Activity, and Sleep Hygiene on Sleep Quality of Shift Work Nurses

This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between sleep quality, stress response, physical activity and sleep hygiene in shift work nurses and identify factors influencing sleep quality. The participants were 168 shift nurses from university hospitals and general hospitals located in C city, Gyeongnam. Data were collected from March 25 to 31, 2016. The study instrument use to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Stress Response Inventory, Korean version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form and Sleep Hygiene Scale. Date were analyzed by frequency, t test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and hierarchical multiple regression using SPSS/win18.0. The sleep quality index was 7.35 (range 0 21) stress response was 2.20 (range 1 5) physical activity was 3986MET min/week, and sleep hygiene was 2.73 (range 1 6 points) There were significant differences in sleep quality according to shift work experience, health status and circadian rhythm type. Factors influencing sleep quality included shift work experience, sleep hygiene, stress response and physical activity, which together explained 40% of the total variance of sleep quality. Therefore, it is recommended that sleep hygiene education be implemented as a strategy to reduce stress response, and that shift work nurses engage in a moderate level of physical activity to improve their sleep quality.
Proporciones, alegorias, angeles musicos y ejecucion historicamente informada en los organos gemelos de la catedral metropolitana de Mexico

espanolAnalisis estetico de las cajas gemelas de los organos de la Catedral de Mexico. Correspondencia entre las proporciones arquitectonicas del barroco y las proporciones aritmetico musicales pitagoricas. La composicion fonica de un retablo sonoro. Los cuerpos de fl autados de fachada, los ecos internos, los fl autados de nave y la trompeteria horizontal. La expresion sonora de las calles, platabandas, cornisas y ventanas de las cajas de cedro y ayacahuite de los organos de Catedral. Los dorados y rubicundos angeles en instrumentos mudos. Iconografia organologica. Instrumentos prehispanicos, clasicos grecolatinos, goticos, renacentistas y barrocos; un despliegue enciclopedico. Disposicion actual de los registros. Disenos de ambas fachadas. La composicion original de los tubos. Resultado luminico y cromatico. Restauracion del brillo original y de los fi gurones pintados en las bocas de las fl autas de fachada. Documentos en que debe apoyarse toda restauracion; mantenimiento y cuidado para que estando en uso no se deteriore. Preservacion y promocion del archivo musical de catedral. Funcion social y sentido cultural al restaurar un instrumento patrimonial unico. Uso liturgico y academico para preservar y promover la cultura organistica. El instrumento como fuente de investigacion; la Ejecucion Historicamente Informada (EHI) EnglishAn aesthetic analysis of the twin organs of Cathedral of Mexico. Correspondence between Pythagorean and Baroque arithmetical, musical and architectural proportions. The phonic composition of the acoustic altarpiece. The bodies of facade fl utes, the internal echoes, ship fl utes and horizontal trumpet. The sonorous expression of the streets, platforms, cornices and windows of the boxes of cedar and ayacahuite of the organs. The golden and ruddy angels on mute instruments. Organological iconography. Prehispanic instruments, classical Greco Roman, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque; an encyclopedic display. Current disposition of records. Designs of both facades. The original composition of the tubes. Light and color result. Restoration of the original brightness and the painted fi gures in the mouths of the fl ute facade. Documents in which all restoration must be supported; maintenance and care. Preservation and promotion of the Cathedral's musical archive. Social function and cultural when restoring a patrimonial instrument. Liturgical and academic use to preserve and promote organ culture. The instrument as a source of research; The Historically Informed Performance (HIP)
Contribution of JAK2 mutations to T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma development
Venue: Leukemia

The JAK STAT pathway has a substantial role in lymphoid precursor cell proliferation, survival and differentiation. Nonetheless, the contribution of JAK2 to T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T LBL) development remains poorly understood. We have identified one activating TEL JAK2 translocation and four missense mutations accumulated in 2 out of 16 T LBL samples. Two of them are novel JAK2 mutations and the other two are reported for the first time in T LBL. Notably, R683G and I682T might have arisen owing to RNA editing. Mutated samples showed different mutated transcripts suggesting sub clonal heterogeneity. Functional approaches revealed that two JAK2 mutations (H574R and R683G) constitutively activate JAK STAT signaling in g2A cells and can drive the proliferation of BaF3 EpoR cytokine dependent cell line. In addition, aberrant hypermethylation of SOCS3 might contribute to enhance the activation of JAK STAT signaling. Of utmost interest is that primary T LBL samples harboring JAK2 mutations exhibited increased expression of LMO2, suggesting a mechanistic link between JAK2 mutations and the expression of LMO2, which was confirmed for the four missense mutations in transfected g2A cells. We therefore propose that active JAK2 contribute to T LBL development by two different mechanisms, and that the use of pan JAK inhibitors in combination with epigenetic drugs should be considered in future treatments.
Proposal of a genetic classifier for risk group stratification in pediatric T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma reveals differences from adult T cell lymphoblastic leukemia
Venue: Leukemia

T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T LBL) represents the second most common subtype of non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in children and adolescents. Current chemotherapy protocols reach event free survival probabilities (pEFS) of 75 85%,1 and are associated with relevant late effects2, 3 and treatment related death rates of ~4%.4 Although reduction of treatment associated toxicities therefore remains an important aim, poor probabilities of survival in relapsed LBL of 10 15%5 leave no room for treatment de escalation in frontline protocols. For pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) risk assessment and treatment stratification have allowed safe treatment de escalation for low risk patients and intensification for high risk patients.6 Limitations in numbers of newly diagnosed patients have impeded evaluation and validation of potential markers for pediatric LBL.