nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Using lean manufacturing as service quality benchmark evaluation measure

A lean manufacturing metric called Takt time is used as a benchmark evaluation measure to evaluate service quality at fast food restaurants. The metric is applied to find the relative efficiency between three fast food restaurants belonging to different chains. The purpose of this paper is to help guide management through ways to improve customer service and increase performance.  The customer lead time (the time taken by a customer from arrival at the service queue until their order is fulfilled) is the focus of this study. Takt time is used to find the relative efficiency of service time between three fast food restaurants.  It is shown that Takt time can be used effectively to measure the level of efficiency of the services provided. It measures the relative efficiency and identifies bottlenecks among different entities providing the same services.  The results can be used as a guide to rank the efficiency of the length of service.
Performance evaluation of tile based Fisher Ratio analysis using a benchmark yeast metabolome dataset.
Venue: Journal of chromatography. A

Performance of tile based Fisher Ratio (F ratio) data analysis, recently developed for discovery based studies using comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time of flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC TOFMS) is evaluated with a metabolomics dataset that had been previously analyzed in great detail, but while taking a brute force approach. The previously analyzed data (referred to herein as the benchmark dataset) were intracellular extracts from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) either metabolizing glucose (repressed) or ethanol (derepressed) which define the two classes in the discovery based analysis to find metabolites that are statistically different in concentration between the two classes. Beneficially, this previously analyzed dataset provides a concrete means to validate the tile based F ratio software. Herein, we demonstrate and validate the significant benefits of applying tile based F ratio analysis. The yeast metabolomics data are analyzed more rapidly in about one week versus one year for the prior studies with this dataset. Furthermore, a null distribution analysis is implemented to statistically determine an adequate F ratio threshold, whereby the variables with F ratio values below the threshold can be ignored as not class distinguishing, which provides the analyst with confidence when analyzing the hit table. Forty six of the fifty four benchmarked changing metabolites were discovered by the new methodology while consistently excluding all but one of the benchmarked nineteen false positive metabolites previously identified.
Accounting and Its Environment in Brazil

This paper analyses the development of the business and the legal and regulatory environment of the Brazilian accounting, including the accounting education, the structure of ownership, the development of the capital market, auditing and the accounting profession. Brazilian accounting was influenced by tax legislation. Nowadays, this influence is more strong by the corporate Law and the regulation from governmental bodies. However, in recent years has undergone significant changes. Nevertheless, important differences between Brazilian accounting standards and international accounting remain, although efforts made by Brazilian bodies to adapt their accounting norms to the international financial reporting standards. Brazilian accounting profession and representative councils are not politically strong enough to influence the government. The Brazilian accounting standards published by the Federal Accountancy Council don't have legal authority. Shortcomings in the education of accounting in Brazil have brought about the necessity for a proficiency examination and continued professional development under the Federal Accountancy Council.
Evolution of evasive malwares: A survey
Venue: 2016 International Conference on Computational Techniques in Information and Communication Technologies (ICCTICT)

The threat of malware is perpetual in digital computing systems. To counter the infection, malware industries and analysts have been coming with cutting edge solutions and preventive measures for various categories of malware threats. At the same time malware authors are putting consistent efforts to evade security solutions and prevention systems. In this paper we will discuss about indispensable need to study and analyze the effects of evasive malwares on analysis systems. Malicious intention of malware authors can be to harm the systems without being detected such that their malware can reside into the system for longer duration. This paper discusses number of techniques which has been found in evasive malwares to elude the malware solutions. We will discuss about piles of evasive technique that might be possible in next generation malwares. Also this paper can assists to build the hardened malware analysis environments such that chances of elusion by the evasive malwares can be diminished.
The Galactic Center Molecular Cloud Survey. II. A Lack of Dense Gas Cloud Evolution along Galactic Center Orbits

We present the first systematic study of the density structure of clouds found in a complete sample covering all major molecular clouds in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ; inner \sim{}200~\rm{}pc$ of the Milky Way. This is made possible by using data from the Galactic Center Molecular Cloud Survey (GCMS) the first study resolving all major molecular clouds in the CMZ at interferometer angular resolution. We find that many CMZ molecular clouds have unusually shallow density gradients compared to regions elsewhere in the Milky Way. This is possibly a consequence of weak gravitational binding of the clouds. The resulting relative absence of dense gas on spatial scales \sim{}0.1~\rm{}pc$ is probably one of the reasons why star formation (SF) in dense gas of the CMZ is suppressed by a factor \sim{}10$ compared to solar neighborhood clouds. Another factor suppressing star formation are the high SF density thresholds that likely result from the observed gas kinematics. Further, it is possible but not certain that the star formation activity and the cloud density structure evolve systematically as clouds orbit the CMZ.
Multi view Clustering with Incomplete Views

In this paper, we propose an online multi view clustering algorithm, OMVC, which deals with large scale incomplete views. We model the multi view clustering problem as a joint weighted NMF problem and process the multi view data chunk by chunk to reduce the memory requirement. OMVC learns the latent feature matrices for all the views and pushes them towards a consensus. We further increase the robustness of the learned latent feature matrices in OMVC via lasso regularization. To minimize the influence of incompleteness, dynamic weight setting is introduced to give lower weights to the incoming missing instances in different views. More importantly, to reduce the computational time, we incorporate a faster projected gradient descent by utilizing the Hessian matrices in OMVC. Extensive experiments conducted on four real data demonstrate the effectiveness of OMVC.  Multi view clustering; Online algorithm; Incomplete views; Nonnegative matrix factorization
Multi view clustering via graph regularized symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing and Big Data Analysis (ICCCBDA)

Multi view clustering has become a hot topic since the past decade and nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) based multi view clustering algorithms have shown their superiorities. Nevertheless, two drawbacks prevent NMF based multi view algorithms from being a better algorithm: (1) The solution of NMF based multi view algorithms is not unique. (2) Standard orthogonal basis matrix is not obtained for each view. Orthogonality is utilized to settle these above problems in our framework and high computational complexity caused by orthogonality is avoided. Moreover, to preserve the locally geometrical structure between views, graph regularization is utilized. Finally, we offer an update rule for the parameter of the graph regularization to balance the reconstruct error and regularization and make the objective function converge faster. Experimental results and theoretical proof show the validity and efficiency of our algorithm.
Multi view Clustering via Co regularized Nonnegative Matrix Factorization with Correlation Constraint
Venue: 2016 7th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Big Data (CCBD)

With the increasing availability of multi view nonnegative data in practical applications, multi view learning based on nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has attracted more and more attentions. However, previous works are either difficult to generate meaningful clustering results in terms of views with heterogeneous quality, or sensitive to noise. To address these problems, we propose a co regularized nonnegative matrix factorization method with correlation constraint (CO NMFCC) for multi view clustering, which jointly exploits both consistent and complementary information across multiple views. Different from previous works, we aim at integrating information from multiple views efficiently and making it more robust to the presence of noisy views. More specifically, correlation constraint is imposed on the low dimensional space to learn a common representation shared by multiple views. Meanwhile, we exploit the complementary information of multiple views through the coregularization to accommodate the imbalance of the quality of views. In addition, experiments on two real datasets demonstrate that CO NMFCC is an effective and promising algorithm for practical applications.
Performance of the fixed pressure valve with antisiphon device SPHERA(r) in the treatment of normal pressure hydrocephalus and prevention of overdrainage.
Venue: Arquivos de neuro psiquiatria

Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is characterized by the triad of gait apraxia, dementia and urinary incontinence associated with ventriculomegaly and normal pressure of cerebrospinal fluid. Treatment is accomplished through the implantation of a ventricular shunt (VPS) however some complications are still frequent, like overdrainage due to siphon effect. This study analyses the performance of a valve with anti siphon device (SPHERA(r) in the treatment of patients with NPH and compares it with another group of patients with NPH who underwent the same procedure without anti siphon mechanism (PS Medical(r) valve) 30 patients were consecutively enrolled in two groups with 15 patients each and followed clinically and radiologically for 1 year. Patients submitted to VPS with SPHERA(r) valve had the same clinical improvement as patients submitted to VPS with PS Medical(r) However, complications and symptomatology due to overdrainage were significantly lower in SPHERA(r) group, suggesting it as a safe tool to treat NPH.
A double blind randomized trial on the clinical effect of different shunt valve settings in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.
Venue: Journal of neurosurgery

The study aim was to examine the effect of gradually reducing the opening pressure on symptoms and signs in the shunt treatment of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) METHODS In this prospective double blinded, randomized, controlled, double center study on patients with iNPH, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt with an adjustable Codman Medos Valve was implanted in 68 patients randomized into 2 groups. In 1 group (the 20 4 group) the valve setting was initially set to 20 cm H2O and gradually reduced to 4 cm H2O over the course of the 6 month study period. In the other group (the 12 group) the valve was kept at a medium level of 12 cm H2O during the whole study period. All patients were clinically evaluated using 4 tests preoperatively as well as postoperatively at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 months. The test scores between the 2 groups (20 4 and 12) were compared for each clinical evaluation.  Fifty five patients (81% were able to complete the study. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups (20 4 and 12) preoperatively or at any time postoperatively. Both groups exhibited significant clinical improvement after shunt insertion at all valve settings compared with the preoperative score, with the greatest improvement observed at the first postoperative evaluation. The clinical improvement was significant within the first 3 months, and thereafter no significant improvement was seen in either group.  Gradual reduction of the valve setting from 20 to 4 cm H2O did not improve outcome compared with a fixed valve setting of 12 cm H2O. Improvement after shunt surgery in iNPH patients was evident within 3 months, irrespective of valve setting.
The capital asset pricing model: a critical literature review

What is the relationship between the risk and expected return of an investment? The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) provides an initial framework for answering this question. The CAPM (Sharpe, 1964; Lintner, 1965) marks the birth of asset pricing theory. This model is based on the idea that not all risk should affect asset prices. The model thus provides insight into the kind of risk that is related to return. Four decades later, the CAPM is still widely used in applications. The CAPM provides a methodology for translating risk into estimates of expected ROE. Its application continues to generate debate: many scholars argued that the CAPM is based on unrealistic assumptions. This paper lays out the key ideas of the CAPM, the history of empirical work on the CAPM and the implications of this work on the shortcomings of the CAPM.
Asset Pricing Models, Cross Section of Expected Stock Returns and Financial Market Anomalies:A Review of Theories and Evidences

This paper tries to review the theories and empirical evidences on various issues related to alternative capital asset pricing models. First it presents a brief review on various theories of capital asset pricing models followed by the review of the studies on the testing the various single and multifactor capital asset pricing models in both unconditional and conditional framework. Further, it discusses about the alternative arguments on the role of financial market anomalies on the determination of expected stock return and presents the critical review on whether alternative multifactor asset pricing models are able to capture the role of financial market anomalies in determining the expected stock return. The review of literature on these issues conclude that conditional asset pricing models perform better as compared to unconditional models, cross sectional regularity of the stock return has been associated with various financial market anomalies like size of the company, book to market ratio, momentum, and liquidity and they are not fully explained by the alternative asset pricing models.
Possession Work on Hosted Digital Consumption Objects as Consumer Ensnarement
Venue: Journal of the Association for Consumer Research

This article extends prior critical discussions of digital prosumption by demonstrating that prosumer reliant online business models represent new ways to valorize consumer labor through the creation of digital consumption objects (DCOs) that are simultaneously enacted as assets by companies, and as possessions by consumers. We argue that this multiplicity means that consumers' "possession work" no longer serves to separate these objects from the market sphere, as proposed in prior literature. This produces a new form of consumer lock in as consumers' efforts to singularize DCOs ensnare them within market relations. We compare consumer ensnarement to other forms of lock in mechanisms including psychological attachments seen in "brand love," proprietary tie ins, and access based market systems in order to consider the implications of such ensnarement mechanisms. We propose that while, for companies, ensnarement is as an attractive mechanism for ongoing valorization of consumers' "free labor," it presents significant consequences for ensnared consumers who may be subject not only to ongoing financial exploitation but also to restricted and unstable interactions with digital possessions that may hold significant personal meaning.
The old media business in the new: 'the Googlization of everything' as the capitalization of digital consumption

Digital labor and its role in the profitability of digital media companies have received increasing attention from scholars. However, digital audience labor has not been analyzed or recognized as the most important to digital media companies' profit making ability. Digital audience labor is here conceptualized as the use of digital media to consume culture and make meaning. Most digital media companies must control the activities of their users as cultural consumers in order to generate revenue, just as most 'old media' companies have long done. Google is an exemplary case: 'The Googlization of Everything' is primarily a process of trying to gain control over numerous activities of digital cultural consumption. Those activities can be understood as digital audience labor, and Google uses its control to extract value, that is, to exploit digital audience labor. Google Search, Google Books, and YouTube are examples of this effort to exploit digital audience labor.
SMART on FHIR: a standards based, interoperable apps platform for electronic health records
Venue: J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc.

In early 2010, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital began an interoperability project with the distinctive goal of developing a platform to enable medical applications to be written once and run unmodified across different healthcare IT systems. The project was called Substitutable Medical Applications and Reusable Technologies (SMART)  We adopted contemporary web standards for application programming interface transport, authorization, and user interface, and standard medical terminologies for coded data. In our initial design, we created our own openly licensed clinical data models to enforce consistency and simplicity. During the second half of 2013, we updated SMART to take advantage of the clinical data models and the application programming interface described in a new, openly licensed Health Level Seven draft standard called Fast Health Interoperability Resources (FHIR) Signaling our adoption of the emerging FHIR standard, we called the new platform SMART on FHIR.  We introduced the SMART on FHIR platform with a demonstration that included several commercial healthcare IT vendors and app developers showcasing prototypes at the Health Information Management Systems Society conference in February 2014. This established the feasibility of SMART on FHIR, while highlighting the need for commonly accepted pragmatic constraints on the base FHIR specification.  In this paper, we describe the creation of SMART on FHIR, relate the experience of the vendors and developers who built SMART on FHIR prototypes, and discuss some challenges in going from early industry prototyping to industry wide production use.
The importance of relative humidity and trophic resources in governing ecological niche of the invasive carabid beetle Merizodus soledadinus in the Kerguelen archipelago.
Venue: Journal of insect physiology

Comprehensive studies to identify species specific drivers of survival to environmental stress, reproduction, growth, and recruitment are vital to gaining a better understanding of the main ecological factors shaping species habitat distribution and dispersal routes. The present study performed a field based assessment of habitat distribution in the invasive carabid beetle Merizodus soledadinus for the Kerguelen archipelago. The results emphasised humid habitats as a key element of the insect's realised niche. In addition, insects faced food and water stress during dispersal events. We evaluated quantitatively how water availability and trophic resources governed the spatial distribution of this invasive predatory insect at Iles Kerguelen. Food and water stress survival durations [in 100% 70% and 30% relative humidity (RH) conditions] and changes in a set of primary metabolic compounds (metabolomics) were determined. Adult M. soledadinus supplied with water ad libitum were highly tolerant to prolonged starvation (LT50=51.7+ 6.2d) However, food deprived insect survival decreased rapidly in moderate (70% RH, LT50=30.37+ 1.39h) and low (30% RH, LT50=13.03+ 0.48h) RH conditions. Consistently, body water content decreased rapidly in insects exposed to 70% and 30% RH. Metabolic variation evidenced the effects of food deprivation in control insects (exposed to 100% RH) which exhibited a progressive decline of most glycolytic sugars and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. Most metabolite levels were elevated levels during the first few hours of exposure to 30% and 70% RH. Augmented alanine and lactate levels suggested a shift to anaerobic metabolism. Simultaneously, peaks in threonine and glycolytic sugars pointed to metabolic disruption and a progressive physiological breakdown in dehydrating individuals. Overall, the results of our study indicate that the geographic distribution of M. soledadinus populations is highly dependent on habitat RH and water accessibility.
Peer interaction and second language learning pedagogical potential and research agenda

1.  Understanding peer interaction: Research synthesis and directions (by Sato, Masatoshi) 3. Section I: Interactional patterns and learner characteristics 4. 1. Peer interaction and learning: A focus on the silent learner (by Dobao, Ana Fernandez) 5. 2. Peer interaction and metacognitive instruction in the EFL classroom (by Fujii, Akiko) 6. 3. Interaction or collaboration? Group dynamics in the foreign language classroom (by Sato, Masatoshi) 7. 4. Interactional behaviours of low proficiency learners in small group work (by Choi, Hyunsik) 8. 5. Collaborative dialogue in a two way Spanish/English immersion classroom: Does heterogeneous grouping promote peer linguistic scaffolding? (by Young, Amy I. 9. Section II: Tasks and interactional modalities 10. 6. Peer interaction in F2F and CMC contexts (by Loewen, Shawn) 11. 7. Thai EFL learners' interaction during collaborative writing tasks and its relationship to text quality (by McDonough, Kim) 12. 8. Engagement with the language: How examining learners' affective and social engagement explains successful learner generated attention to form (by Baralt, Melissa) 13. 9. EFL task based interaction: Does task modality impact on language related episodes? (by Garcia Mayo, Maria del Pilar) 14. 10. A focus on mode: Patterns of interaction in face to face and computer mediated contexts (by Rouhshad, Amir) 15. 11. Small group meta analytic talk and Spanish L2 development (by Moranski, Kara) 16. Section III: Learning settings 17. 12. How adolescents use social discourse to open space for language learning during peer interactions (by Martin Beltran, Melinda) 18. 13. Peer interaction while learning to read in a new language (by Bigelow, Martha) 19. Epilogue 20. New pathways in researching interaction (by Philp, Jenefer) 21.
A Concept Analysis of Digital Citizenship for Democratic Citizenship Education in the Internet Age

Despite the importance of promoting socially responsible citizenship in the Internet age, there is a paucity of research on how digital citizenship or digital citizens might be defined and/or investigated. This study found 4 major categories that construct digital citizenship: Ethics, Media and Information Literacy, Participation/Engagement, and Critical Resistance. Based on these comprehensive and interconnected categories of digital citizenship, the author argues that digital citizenship needs to be understood as a multidimensional and complex concept in connection with an interrelated but non linear relationship with offline (place based) civic lives.