nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Human activities and climate variability drive fast paced change across the world's estuarine coastal ecosystems.
Venue: Global change biology

Time series of environmental measurements are essential for detecting, measuring and understanding changes in the Earth system and its biological communities. Observational series have accumulated over the past 2 5 decades from measurements across the world's estuaries, bays, lagoons, inland seas and shelf waters influenced by runoff. We synthesize information contained in these time series to develop a global view of changes occurring in marine systems influenced by connectivity to land. Our review is organized around four themes: (i) human activities as drivers of change; (ii) variability of the climate system as a driver of change; (iii) successes, disappointments and challenges of managing change at the sea land interface; and (iv) discoveries made from observations over time. Multidecadal time series reveal that many of the world's estuarine coastal ecosystems are in a continuing state of change, and the pace of change is faster than we could have imagined a decade ago. Some have been transformed into novel ecosystems with habitats, biogeochemistry and biological communities outside the natural range of variability. Change takes many forms including linear and nonlinear trends, abrupt state changes and oscillations. The challenge of managing change is daunting in the coastal zone where diverse human pressures are concentrated and intersect with different responses to climate variability over land and over ocean basins. The pace of change in estuarine coastal ecosystems will likely accelerate as the human population and economies continue to grow and as global climate change accelerates. Wise stewardship of the resources upon which we depend is critically dependent upon a continuing flow of information from observations to measure, understand and anticipate future changes along the world's coastlines.
Ocean pH time series and drivers of variability along the northern Channel Islands, California, USA

Eastern boundary current systems (EBCSs) experience dynamic fluctuations in seawater pH due to coastal upwelling and primary production. The lack of high resolution pH observations in EBCSs limits the ability to relate field pH exposures to performance of coastal marine species under future ocean change (acidification, warming) This 3 yr study describes spatio temporal pH variability across the northern Channel Islands, along a persistent temperature gradient (1 4degC) within the eastern boundary California Current System. pH and Conductivity, Temperature, Depth, and Oxygen sensors were deployed on island piers in eelgrass and kelp habitat and on a subtidal mooring. Due to event scale primary production, the temperature gradient across the islands did not manifest in a pH gradient. We resolved spatial pH variability on diel (DpHT 0.05 0.2: photosynthesis) event scale (DpHT 7.9. The lowest pH observations >1 SD below mean pHT) occurred under either warm (respiration during warm nights) or cold (advection of upwelled water) temperatures. We emphasize the importance of incorporating site specific environmental variability in studies of ocean change biology, particularly in the design of multistressor experiments.
CPT Based Liquefaction Triggering Procedure

AbstractA probabilistic cone penetration test (CPT) based liquefaction triggering procedure for cohesionless soils is derived using a maximum likelihood method with an updated case history database. The liquefaction analysis framework includes revised relationships for the magnitude scaling factor (MSF) and for estimating fines contents from CPT data when laboratory test data are not available. The updated case history database and methodology for developing the liquefaction correlation are described. Measurement and estimation uncertainties, the potential effects of false positives and false negatives in the case history database, and the effects of the choice based sampling bias in the case history database are accounted for. Sensitivity analyses showed that the position of the most likely triggering curve and the magnitude of the total error term are reasonably well constrained by the data. The sensitivity study provides reasonable bounds on the effects of different interpretations, from which probabil.
Ground Motions And Soil Liquefaction During Earthquakes

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Stop and Stare: Optimal Sampling Algorithms for Viral Marketing in Billion scale Networks
Venue: SIGMOD Conference

Influence Maximization (IM) that seeks a small set of key users who spread the influence widely into the network, is a core problem in multiple domains. It finds applications in viral marketing, epidemic control, and assessing cascading failures within complex systems. Despite the huge amount of effort, IM in billion scale networks such as Facebook, Twitter, and World Wide Web has not been satisfactorily solved. Even the state of the art methods such as TIM+ and IMM may take days on those networks. In this paper, we propose SSA and D SSA, two novel sampling frameworks for IM based viral marketing problems. SSA and D SSA are up to 1200 times faster than the SIGMOD'15 best method, IMM, while providing the same (1 1/e e) approximation guarantee. Underlying our frameworks is an innovative Stop and Stare strategy in which they stop at exponential check points to verify (stare) if there is adequate statistical evidence on the solution quality. Theoretically, we prove that SSA and D SSA are the first approximation algorithms that use (asymptotically) minimum numbers of samples, meeting strict theoretical thresholds characterized for IM. The absolute superiority of SSA and D SSA are confirmed through extensive experiments on real network data for IM and another topic aware viral marketing problem, named TVM.
SimpleDS: A Simple Deep Reinforcement Learning Dialogue System
Venue: IWSDS

This article presents SimpleDS, a simple and publicly available dialogue system trained with deep reinforcement learning. In contrast to previous reinforcement learning dialogue systems, this system avoids manual feature engineering by performing action selection directly from raw text of the last system and (noisy) user responses. Our initial results, in the restaurant domain, report that it is indeed possible to induce reasonable behaviours with such an approach that aims for higher levels of automation in dialogue control for intelligent interactive systems and robots.
miRNA Regulated Key Components of Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Venue: Medicinal research reviews

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease that primarily affects joints. This autoimmune disease pathogenesis is related to cytokine signaling. In this review, we have described the existence of various microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in regulation of major protein cascades of cytokine signaling associated with RA. Moreover, we have tried to portray the role of various miRNAs in different cytokines such as TNF a, IL 1, IL 6, IL 10, IL 17, IL 18, IL 21, and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GMCSF) Along with this, we have also discussed the miRNA regulation in T cells and synovial tissue. From the analyzed data, we suggest that miR 146a and miR 155 might be the potential therapeutic target for treating RA. The insight illustrated in this review will offer a better understanding of the role of miRNA in cytokine signaling pathways and inflammation during RA and could project them as diagnostic or therapeutic agents in near future.
La expresion corporal orientada al alumnado con discapacidad visual desde una perspectiva inclusiva de la didactica de la educacion fisica

espanolPresentamos el diseno de una propuesta didactica mediante la que se pretende que el alumnado al que va dirigido, alumnos y alumnas de cuarto de Educacion Primaria, adquieran conocimientos sobre su propio cuerpo a traves del uso de la Expresion Corporal. Este modelo estara enfocado a una clase en la que existen alumnos con discapacidad visual para conseguir un proceso de inclusion. Para esto, se realiza una revision bibliografica para conocer el estado de la cuestion y se elabora una unidad didactica en la cual se desarrollan diferentes actividades, mediante las cuales todos el alumnado podra participar, a la vez que aprenden la diversidad y variedad de posibilidades que tiene el cuerpo en cuanto a movimientos, gestos o representaciones. EnglishWe present the design of a didactic proposal by which is intended for students targeted, those from Forth Primary Education, to acquire knowledge about their own body through the use of body language. This model will focus on a class of children affected by Visual Disability to obtain an inclusive process. Then, we performed a literature review to learn about the question and developed a teaching unit in which different activities take place, whereby all students can participate, while learning about the diversity and variety of possibilities for the body in terms of movements, gestures or representations referred.
The Comparative Harms of Open and Robotic Prostatectomy in Population Based Samples.
Venue: The Journal of urology

Robotic assisted radical prostatectomy has largely replaced open radical prostatectomy for the surgical management of prostate cancer despite conflicting evidence of superiority with respect to disease control or functional sequelae. Using population cohort data, in this study we examined sexual and urinary function in men undergoing open radical prostatectomy vs those undergoing robotic assisted radical prostatectomy.  Subjects surgically treated for prostate cancer were selected from 2 large population based prospective cohort studies, the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Study (enrolled 1994 to 1995) and the Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of Surgery and Radiation (enrolled 2011 to 2012) Subjects completed baseline, 6 month and 12 month standardized patient reported outcome measures. Main outcomes were between group differences in functional outcome scores at 6 and 12 months using linear regression, and adjusting for baseline function, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Sensitivity analyses were used to evaluate outcomes between patients undergoing open radical prostatectomy and robotic assisted radical prostatectomy within and across CEASAR and PCOS.  The combined cohort consisted of 2,438 men, 1,505 of whom underwent open radical prostatectomy and 933 of whom underwent robotic assisted radical prostatectomy. Men treated with robotic assisted radical prostatectomy reported better urinary function at 6 months (mean difference 3.77 points, 95% CI 1.09 6.44) but not at 12 months (1.19, 1.32 3.71) Subjects treated with robotic assisted radical prostatectomy also reported superior sexual function at 6 months (8.31, 6.02 10.56) and at 12 months (7.64, 5.25 10.03) Sensitivity analyses largely supported the sexual function findings with inconsistent support for urinary function results.  This population based study reveals that men undergoing robotic assisted radical prostatectomy likely experience less decline in early urinary continence and sexual function than those undergoing open radical prostatectomy. The clinical meaning of these differences is uncertain and longer followup will be required to establish whether these benefits are durable.
Photosensitizer Embedded Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers as Antimicrobial Non Woven Textile
Venue: Nanomaterials

Toward the objective of developing platform technologies for anti infective materials based upon photodynamic inactivation, we employed electrospinning to prepare a non woven textile comprised of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers embedded with a porphyrin based cationic photosensitizer; termed PAN Por( Photosensitizer loading was determined to be 34.8 nmol/mg material; with thermostability to 300 degC. Antibacterial efficacy was evaluated against four bacteria belonging to the ESKAPE family of pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus; vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium; Acinetobacter baumannii; and Klebsiella pneumonia) as well as Escherichia coli. Our results demonstrated broad photodynamic inactivation of all bacterial strains studied upon illumination (30 min; 65 5 mW/cm2; 400 700 nm) by a minimum of 99.9996+ (5.8 log units) regardless of taxonomic classification. PAN Por( also inactivated human adenovirus 5 ~99.8% reduction in PFU/mL) and vesicular stomatitis virus >7 log units reduction in PFU/mL) When compared to cellulose based materials employing this same photosensitizer; the higher levels of photodynamic inactivation achieved here with PAN Por( are likely due to the combined effects of higher photosensitizer loading and a greater surface area imparted by the use of nanofibers. These results demonstrate the potential of photosensitizer embedded polyacrylonitrile nanofibers to serve as scalable scaffolds for anti infective or self sterilizing materials against both bacteria and viruses when employing a photodynamic inactivation mode of action.
Evolutionary dynamics of phenotype structured populations: from individual level mechanisms to population level consequences

Epigenetic mechanisms are increasingly recognised as integral to the adaptation of species that face environmental changes. In particular, empirical work has provided important insights into the contribution of epigenetic mechanisms to the persistence of clonal species, from which a number of verbal explanations have emerged that are suited to logical testing by proof of concept mathematical models. Here, we present a stochastic agent based model and a related deterministic integrodifferential equation model for the evolution of a phenotype structured population composed of asexually reproducing and competing organisms which are exposed to novel environmental conditions. This setting has relevance to the study of biological systems where colonising asexual populations must survive and rapidly adapt to hostile environments, like pathogenesis, invasion and tumour metastasis. We explore how evolution might proceed when epigenetic variation in gene expression can change the reproductive capacity of individuals within the population in the new environment. Simulations and analyses of our models clarify the conditions under which certain evolutionary paths are possible and illustrate that while epigenetic mechanisms may facilitate adaptation in asexual species faced with environmental change, they can also lead to a type of "epigenetic load" and contribute to extinction. Moreover, our results offer a formal basis for the claim that constant environments favour individuals with low rates of stochastic phenotypic variation. Finally, our model provides a "proof of concept" of the verbal hypothesis that phenotypic stability is a key driver in rescuing the adaptive potential of an asexual lineage and supports the notion that intense selection pressure can, to an extent, offset the deleterious effects of high phenotypic instability and biased epimutations, and steer an asexual population back from the brink of an evolutionary dead end.
Relacion entre la calidad de vida en salud y la carga fisica en cuidadores de personas con enfermedad de Alzheimer.

Los cuidadores de enfermos cronicos son en si mismo enfermos potenciales, que perciben un gran impacto en la salud a causa de su rol en a atencion de otro individuo.  Describir la relacion entre la calidad de vida en salud y la carga fisica en cuidadores de personas con enfermedad de Alzheimer, se realizo una revision documental con enfoque cualitativo y diseno no experimental, se tuvo en cuenta diferentes textos como tesis, articulos, blogs y noticias, entre otros, se aplico la tecnica de analisis de contenido. Se encontro que la calidad de vida en salud de los cuidadores se ve claramente afectada por los esfuerzos fisicos que realizan en su labor de cuidar, segun la cantidad de tiempo invertido y el estadio de la patologia de la persona con Alzheimer, a medida que avanza la patologia, aumenta la dependencia fisica. El cuidador se ve limitado unicamente a realizar actividades de las que depende el enfermo, descuidando la propia salud. Se encontro trastornos osteomusculares y dolores asociados, patologias cardiovasculares, trastornos gastrointestinales, alteraciones del sistema inmunologico, problemas respiratorios, cefalea tensional, insomnio, hipersomnia diurna, pesadillas, anemia, infecciones cutaneas, disminucion de la capacidad fisica, movimiento torpes, menos agiles e inseguros, sensacion de insatisfaccion, sensacion de cansancio y agotamiento.  Los cuidadores tienen una inadecuada calidad de vida y que en algun momentos las consecuencias para los mismo pueden ser devastadoras.
Factors influencing epiphytic moss and lichen distribution within Killarney National Park

The niches of epiphytes are widely studied and have been shown to be complex involving interspecific competition, succession and predation. This study is unique in that it applies the niche concept to moss and lichen distributions within Killarney National Park, Kerry, Ireland. We studied 75 trees between three pristine ancient woodlands and measured a range of physical and biological factors to ascertain influences on epiphyte cover. The species of tree was found as the principal determinant in community structure as it bioengineers conditions such as light, temperature and humidity that the epiphytes are reliant upon. Furthermore, the bark character and trunk circumference were important. Zonation of the epiphytes was apparent with both aspect and height on the trunk. Typically, moss dominated over lichen within a niche that was relatively sheltered. Lichen tolerated drier and lighter niches often being further up the trunk on sun facing aspects. Ultimately, there was succession up the tree mediated through competition. This study highlights the complexity and interrelatedness between biotic and abiotic factors in a relatively unstudied geographical and biological area. Understanding agents behind a population's distribution enables manipulation for conservation or sustainable exploitation.
Lichen Associated Fungal Community in Hypogymnia hypotrypa (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) Affected by Geographic Distribution and Altitude
Venue: Front. Microbiol.

Lichen associated fungal species have already been investigated in almost all the main growth forms of lichens, however, whether or not they are homogeneous and constant within each lichen species are still inconclusive. Moreover, the related ecological factors to affect and structure the fungal composition have been poorly studied. In order to answer these questions, we took Hypogymnia hypotrypa as a model to study the relationship between the lichen associated fungal composition and two ecological factors, i.e. site and altitude, using the method of IlluminaMiSeq sequencing. Four different sites and two levels of altitude were included in this study, and the effects of site and altitude on fungal community composition were assessed at three levels, i.e. operational taxonomic unit (OTU) class and phylum. The results showed that a total of 50 OTUs were identified and distributed in 4 phyla, 13 classes, and 20 orders. The lichen associated fungal composition within H. hypotrypa were significantly affected by both site and altitude at OTU and class levels, while at the phylum level, it was only affected by altitude. While the lichen associated fungal communities were reported to be similar with endophytic fungi of the moss, our results indicated the opposite results in some degree. But whether there exist specific OTUs within this lichen species corresponding to different sites and altitudes is still open. More lichen species and ecological factors would be taken into the integrated analyses to address these knowledge gaps in the near future.
Cross species 3D virtual reality toolbox for visual and cognitive experiments
Venue: Journal of Neuroscience Methods

Although simplified visual stimuli, such as dots or gratings presented on homogeneous backgrounds, provide strict control over the stimulus parameters during visual experiments, they fail to approximate visual stimulation in natural conditions. Adoption of virtual reality (VR) in neuroscience research has been proposed to circumvent this problem, by combining strict control of experimental variables and behavioral monitoring within complex and realistic environments. NEW METHOD We have created a VR toolbox that maximizes experimental flexibility while minimizing implementation costs. A free VR engine (Unreal 3) has been customized to interface with any control software via text commands, allowing seamless introduction into pre existing laboratory data acquisition frameworks. Furthermore, control functions are provided for the two most common programming languages used in visual neuroscience: Matlab and Python.  The toolbox offers milliseconds time resolution necessary for electrophysiological recordings and is flexible enough to support cross species usage across a wide range of paradigms. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING  Unlike previously proposed VR solutions whose implementation is complex and time consuming, our toolbox requires minimal customization or technical expertise to interface with pre existing data acquisition frameworks as it relies on already familiar programming environments. Moreover, as it is compatible with a variety of display and input devices, identical VR testing paradigms can be used across species, from rodents to humans.  This toolbox facilitates the addition of VR capabilities to any laboratory without perturbing pre existing data acquisition frameworks, or requiring any major hardware changes.
Factors affecting e business adoption in SMEs: an empirical research
Venue: J. Enterp. Inf. Manag.

Nowadays, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are incrementally using e business tools in order to compete in an extremely hostile market and gain global access. The importance of e business adoption for the economic success and survival of SMEs creates a very interesting field of research. The purpose of this paper is to develop and empirically test a conceptual framework that investigates the factors affecting the e business adoption decision in SMEs.  The examination of the proposed conceptual framework was made with the use of a newly developed structured questionnaire that was distributed to a group of Greek SMEs. The questionnaire was distributed to 600 companies, while 161 usable questionnaires were finally returned. exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, linear regression methods and the structural equation modelling (SEM) technique were used to test the research hypotheses.  The proposed model explains 71 per cent of the varianc.