nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of lead time variability in supply chain risk management

In this article, we study the impact of lead time variability on the performance of supply chain risk management in the beer industry. The stakeholders considered are the empty aluminum can supplier, the brewery and the distributor. The stochastic lead time model developed is an extension of the previously developed base model (with deterministic lead time) under which commodity price risk and demand uncertainty are managed via an integrated risk management approach using operational methods and financial derivatives. Simulation based optimization is used to model and analyze such a complex system. We find that lead time variability does not always deteriorate the supply chain performance. Only high levels of lead time variability are found to justify more the need for a coordinated supply chain. The findings also reveal the need for using different hedging strategies to manage products flows across the supply chain under stochastic lead time versus the deterministic case. Managerial insights for the supply chain studied are argued based on experimental design findings.
Second and heritage language acquisition of Korean case drop*
Venue: Bilingualism: Language and Cognition

The primary objective of this paper is to investigate how early and late bilinguals attain implicit knowledge of Korean case drop that necessitates integration of multiple levels of information. An oral picture description task and a written forced choice elicitation task were developed to investigate how different populations employ the relevant factors in Korean case drop and if certain types of cues are more accessible than others. The results reveal qualitative differences in the underlying linguistic knowledge of early vs. late bilinguals with early bilinguals achieving a higher level of mastery than late bilinguals in both oral and written tasks. The results underline the importance of age, context, and mode of acquisition and suggest that bilingual difficulty in the present phenomenon mainly arises from learners heavily relying on cues that are readily available to them in their respective context of acquisition and failing to effectively coordinate multiple constraints.
Subset selection in multiple linear regression: An improved Tabu search

This paper proposes an improved tabu search method for subset selection in multiple linear regression models. Variable selection is a vital combinatorial optimization problem in multivariate statistics. The selection of the optimal subset of variables is necessary in order to reliably construct a multiple linear regression model. Its applications widely range from machine learning, timeseries prediction, and multi class classification to noise detection. Since this problem has NP complete nature, it becomes more difficult to find the optimal solution as the number of variables increases. Two typical metaheuristic methods have been developed to tackle the problem: the tabu search algorithm and hybrid genetic and simulated annealing algorithm. However, these two methods have shortcomings. The tabu search method requires a large amount of computing time, and the hybrid algorithm produces a less accurate solution. To overcome the shortcomings of these methods, we propose an improved tabu search algorithm to reduce moves of the neighborhood and to adopt an effective move search strategy. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, comparative studies are performed on small literature data sets and on large simulation data sets. Computational results show that the proposed method outperforms two metaheuristic methods in terms of the computing time and solution quality.
3D culture models of Alzheimer's disease: a road map to a "cure in a dish"
Venue: Molecular Neurodegeneration

Alzheimer's disease (AD) transgenic mice have been used as a standard AD model for basic mechanistic studies and drug discovery. These mouse models showed symbolic AD pathologies including b amyloid (Ab) plaques, gliosis and memory deficits but failed to fully recapitulate AD pathogenic cascades including robust phospho tau (p tau) accumulation, clear neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and neurodegeneration, solely driven by familial AD (FAD) mutation(s) Recent advances in human stem cell and three dimensional (3D) culture technologies made it possible to generate novel 3D neural cell culture models that recapitulate AD pathologies including robust Ab deposition and Ab driven NFT like tau pathology. These new 3D human cell culture models of AD hold a promise for a novel platform that can be used for mechanism studies in human brain like environment and high throughput drug screening (HTS) In this review, we will summarize the current progress in recapitulating AD pathogenic cascades in human neural cell culture models using AD patient derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) or genetically modified human stem cell lines. We will also explain how new 3D culture technologies were applied to accelerate Ab and p tau pathologies in human neural cell cultures, as compared the standard two dimensional (2D) culture conditions. Finally, we will discuss a potential impact of the human 3D human neural cell culture models on the AD drug development process. These revolutionary 3D culture models of AD will contribute to accelerate the discovery of novel AD drugs.
PENILE ENHANCEMENT SURGERY AN OVERVIEW

Penile size is a frequently observed concern in men of all ages. The way in which some men see their personality is defined, appraised, or reflected by their penis, with the view that 'bigger is better' is termed 'phallocentrism' In this review article, we assess the literature and evaluate the evidence on what is 'normal' in relation to penile size, and evaluate techniques for penile lengthening and girth augmentation with emphasis on the possible benefits and complications of the procedures reviewed.
Fertility and sexual dysfunction issues in adults with genitourinary congenital anomalies
Venue: Current opinion in urology

As growing numbers of adolescents with a history of congenital genitourinary anomalies successfully enter adulthood, their spectrum of urologic concerns broadens to include sexual function and reproduction.  In hypospadias repair, preoperative testosterone was found to reduce rates of postoperative complications of urethrocutaneous fistula formation and meatal stenosis. Following hypospadias correction, dissatisfaction with surgical outcomes has been observed to correlate with psychological outcomes, rather than objective measurements such as location of meatus degree of curvature. In women with a congenital absence of a vagina, sigmoid vaginoplasty and dilation yield similar sexual outcomes, however, vaginoplasty was associated with a 20% rate of reoperation. Ilioinguinal to dorsal neurorrhaphy for restoration of penile sensation in myelomeningocele has shown success in a small pilot study. Both sexual activity and paternity rates are higher in women, compared with men who are born with bladder exstrophy.  The extent and complexity of issues related to sexual function and fertility in the population of patients with a history of genitourinary malformation requires a thoughtful approach to timely surgical management and consistent care through their transition from childhood to adulthood.
Tree allometry for estimation of carbon stocks in African tropical forests

Tropical forests in Africa store large amounts of carbon and there is an urgent need for accurate methods to estimate this important carbon stock. One method to achieve this is by allometric equations but in many forest ecosystems in Africa these have not been developed. This study combined biomass data of 896 trees from five tropical countries in Africa and eight different sources to develop mixed species regression equations for estimation of total biomass and height in Dry, Moist and Wet forest types. For estimation of total biomass, allometric equations combining diameter, height and wood density provided the best estimators in the three forest types. Because adding wood density to diameter improved height estimation, we recommend using allometric equations that combine diameter and wood density for height estimations in mixed and diverse tropical forests. Comparing ecosystem specific (Dry, Moist and Wet) allometric equations to general allometric equations developed with combined data, and also to pan tropical equations, showed that ecosystem specific equations provided better estimators. The results highlight the importance of considering wood density in tree allometry for biomass as well as for tree height estimations. Although general allometric equations can be useful, this study recommends when they are available, the use of existing site specific or ecosystem specific allometric equations which provide better estimates.
Sexual Ethics And Islam Feminist Reflections On Quran Hadith And Jurisprudence

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An examination of the effectiveness of a sexual ethics curriculum

This article presents early evaluation data on the effectiveness of an ethics based sex education program, the Sexual Ethics for a Caring Society Curriculum (SECS C) which strives to develop adolescents' thinking about sex so that they might act ethically in relation to other people and reflect ethically upon sexual messages and events in the world around them. Unlike typical evidence based curricula that measure prevention goals from a health perspective, effectiveness was measured in terms of attitude change. Seventy nine 9th graders from 7 diverse classrooms at a charter school received 8 lessons from the curriculum. Pre and post measures assessed belief in rape myths (the Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale) and bystanderism (the Bystander Attitude Scale, Revised (BAS R) The students showed improvements with regard to rape myth attitudes but not with regard to their beliefs in the likelihood of intervening in troublesome sexual situations.
Vatican II and Sexual Ethics: Past, Present, Future

This article explores Catholic sexual ethics, past, present, and future. Part 1 investigates the shifting theological views on human sexuality that preceded Vatican II and influenced its theological debates. Part 2 explores three methodological and anthropological shifts approved by a large majority at the council and thus promulgated as official Catholic perspectives. All three shifts have had a major influence on Catholic sexual ethics since the Council. The first is the shift from a classical perspective to a historically conscious one. The second is the shift from a sexual anthropology that sees procreation as the primary end of sexuality and marriage and the mutual love of the spouses as a secondary end, to a sexual anthropology that sees procreation and the bonding of the spouses as equal ends of marriage. The third is the shift from a focus on sexual acts to a focus 'on the nature of the human [sexual] person and his acts' (Gaudium et spes, 51) The nature of the human person precedes and guides his or her acts, and 'human activity must be judged insofar as it refers to the human person integrally and adequately considered. Part 3 predicts changes in Catholic doctrine on contraception and homosexuality in light of these shifts.
Time dependent Hartree Fock calculations for multinucleon transfer and quasifission processes in the {64}$Ni+{238}$U reaction

Multinucleon transfer (MNT) and quasifission (QF) processes are dominant processes in low energy collisions of two heavy nuclei. They are expected to be useful to produce neutron rich unstable nuclei. Nuclear dynamics leading to these processes depends sensitively on nuclear properties such as deformation and shell structure.  We elucidate reaction mechanisms of MNT and QF processes involving heavy deformed nuclei, making detailed comparisons between microscopic time dependent Hartree Fock (TDHF) calculations and measurements for the {64}$Ni+{238}$U reaction.  Three dimensional Skyrme TDHF calculations are performed. Particle number projection method is used to evaluate MNT cross sections from the TDHF wave function after collision.  Fragment masses, total kinetic energy (TKE) scattering angle, contact time, and MNT cross sections are investigated for the {64}$Ni+{238}$U reaction. They show reasonable agreements with measurements. At small impact parameters, collision dynamics depends sensitively on the orientation of deformed {238}$U. In tip (side) collisions, we find a larger (smaller) TKE and a shorter (longer) contact time. In tip collisions, we find a strong influence of quantum shells around {208}$Pb.  It is confirmed that the TDHF calculations reasonably describe both MNT and QF processes in the {64}$Ni+{238}$U reaction. Analyses of this system indicates the significance of the nuclear structure effects such as deformation and quantum shells in nuclear reaction dynamics at low energies.
Deep learning for stock prediction using numerical and textual information
Venue: 2016 IEEE/ACIS 15th International Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS)

This paper proposes a novel application of deep learning models, Paragraph Vector, and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) to financial time series forecasting. Investors make decisions according to various factors, including consumer price index, price earnings ratio, and miscellaneous events reported in newspapers. In order to assist their decisions in a timely manner, many automatic ways to analyze those information have been proposed in the last decade. However, many of them used either numerical or textual information, but not both for a single company. In this paper, we propose an approach that converts newspaper articles into their distributed representations via Paragraph Vector and models the temporal effects of past events on opening prices about multiple companies with LSTM. The performance of the proposed approach is demonstrated on real world data of fifty companies listed on Tokyo Stock Exchange.
Learning What and Where to Draw
Venue: NIPS

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have recently demonstrated the capability to synthesize compelling real world images, such as room interiors, album covers, manga, faces, birds, and flowers. While existing models can synthesize images based on global constraints such as a class label or caption, they do not provide control over pose or object location. We propose a new model, the Generative Adversarial What Where Network (GAWWN) that synthesizes images given instructions describing what content to draw in which location. We show high quality 128 x 128 image synthesis on the Caltech UCSD Birds dataset, conditioned on both informal text descriptions and also object location. Our system exposes control over both the bounding box around the bird and its constituent parts. By modeling the conditional distributions over part locations, our system also enables conditioning on arbitrary subsets of parts (e.g. only the beak and tail) yielding an efficient interface for picking part locations.
Multi sensor devices for UAV in both simulation platform and realistic tests
Venue: 2016 12th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation (WCICA)

The use of simulation platforms for UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) can both increase the efficiency and safety for testing the control algorithms. The main contribution of this article is the development of a multi sensor UAV simulation platform and the implementation of a multi sensor device for realistic tests. The multi sensor consists of one IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) a monocular camera and one customized ultrasonic sensor. Experimental results show that these sensors help to improve the robustness and practicability of vision based UAV control algorithms both in simulation platform and realistic test.
The effects of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor on India Pakistan relations

The China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) constitutes one of the largest foreign investments China has made in the framework of the "One Belt, One Road" initiative. The expenditures planned for the coming years in the amount of approximately $46 billion will further intensify relations between China and Pakistan. At the same time, Pakistan will assume a more prominent role in China's foreign policy. But CPEC also affects relations between India and Pakistan. The transport corridor between Pakistan and China traverses Jammu and Kashmir, the status of which has been a subject of contention between India and Pakistan since 1947. This constellation would seem to suggest a negative scenario whereby CPEC could place additional strain on India Pakistan relations. On the other hand, a positive scenario is also conceivable, with a settlement of the Kashmir dispute even becoming possible in the long term.
Emil Kraepelin's concepts of the phenomenology and physiology of sleep: The first systematic description of chronotypes.
Venue: Sleep medicine reviews

Emil Kraepelin is considered one of the most influential psychiatrists ever. His research on sleep, however, has received little attention to date. Therefore, Kraepelin's published work was reviewed, statements on the topic "sleep" identified, historically contextualized and compared with current knowledge. His assumptions on the "physiology of sleep" are rather speculative and not substantiated by own research. The opposite is true for his findings on the "phenomenology of sleep" For example, his results on sleep depth and sleep stages are not only in overall good agreement with current concepts, but also based on sleep studies. Of special relevance are his findings on chronotypes: Based on empirical clinical studies, neuropsychological experiments and sleep studies, Kraepelin systematically described a morning and evening disposition and intermediate types on the basis of the maximum physical capacity, cognitive ability and alertness/sleepiness during the day as well as sleeping habits. In fact, this concept is basically still valid and these aspects are being captured in morningness eveningness scales. Our findings challenge the common notion that Nathaniel Kleitman was the first to systematically describe the morningness eveningness dimension. Overall, we deem Kraepelin's contributions to sleep research, compiled here for the first time, well worth being acknowledged by modern sleep research.
Proximal Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms
Venue: Stat. Comput.

This paper presents a new Metropolis adjusted Langevin algorithm (MALA) that uses convex analysis to simulate efficiently from high dimensional densities that are log concave, a class of probability distributions that is widely used in modern high dimensional statistics and data analysis. The method is based on a new first order approximation for Langevin diffusions that exploits log concavity to construct Markov chains with favourable convergence properties. This approximation is closely related to Moreau Yoshida regularisations for convex functions and uses proximity mappings instead of gradient mappings to approximate the continuous time process. The proposed method complements existing MALA methods in two ways. First, the method is shown to have very robust stability properties and to converge geometrically for many target densities for which other MALA are not geometric, or only if the step size is sufficiently small. Second, the method can be applied to high dimensional target densities that are not continuously differentiable, a class of distributions that is increasingly used in image processing and machine learning and that is beyond the scope of existing MALA and HMC algorithms. To use this method it is necessary to compute or to approximate efficiently the proximity mappings of the logarithm of the target density. For several popular models, including many Bayesian models used in modern signal and image processing and machine learning, this can be achieved with convex optimisation algorithms and with approximations based on proximal splitting techniques, which can be implemented in parallel. The proposed method is demonstrated on two challenging high dimensional and non differentiable models related to image resolution enhancement and low rank matrix estimation that are not well addressed by existing MCMC methodology.
Fast Global Registration
Venue: ECCV

We present an algorithm for fast global registration of partially overlapping 3D surfaces. The algorithm operates on candidate matches that cover the surfaces. A single objective is optimized to align the surfaces and disable false matches. The objective is defined densely over the surfaces and the optimization achieves tight alignment with no initialization. No correspondence updates or closest point queries are performed in the inner loop. An extension of the algorithm can perform joint global registration of many partially overlapping surfaces. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the presented approach matches or exceeds the accuracy of state of the art global registration pipelines, while being at least an order of magnitude faster. Remarkably, the presented approach is also faster than local refinement algorithms such as ICP. It provides the accuracy achieved by well initialized local refinement algorithms, without requiring an initialization and at lower computational cost.
Dark anthropology and its others
Venue: HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory

In this article I consider several emergent trends in anthropology since the 1980s against a backdrop of the rise of neoliberalism as both an economic and a governmental formation. I consider first the turn to what I call "dark anthropology," that is, anthropology that focuses on the harsh dimensions of social life (power, domination, inequality, and oppression) as well as on the subjective experience of these dimensions in the form of depression and hopelessness. I then consider a range of work that is explicitly or implicitly a reaction to this dark turn, under the rubric of "anthropologies of the good," including studies of "the good life" and "happiness," as well as studies of morality and ethics. Finally, I consider what may be thought of as a different kind of anthropology of the good, namely new directions in the anthropology of critique, resistance, and activism.
Evaluating Three Different Methods of Determining Addition in Presbyopia
Venue: Journal of ophthalmic vision research

To compare three different methods for determining addition in presbyopes.  The study included 81 subjects with presbyopia who aged 40 70 years. Reading addition values were measured using 3 approaches including the amplitude of accommodation (AA) dynamic retinoscopy (DR) and increasing plus lens (IPL)  IPL overestimated reading addition relative to other methods. Mean near addition obtained by AA, DR and IPL were 1.31, 1.68 and 1.77, respectively. Our results showed that IPL method could provide 20/20 vision at near in the majority of presbyopic subjects (63.4%  The results were approximately the same for 3 methods and provided comparable final addition; however, mean near additions were higher with increasing plus lens compared with the other two methods. In presbyopic individuals, increasing plus lens is recommended as the least time consuming method with the range of 0.50 diopter at the 40 cm working distance.