nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Aesthetics of Korean foods: The symbol of Korean culture

Advances in transportation and communication have broken down critical barriers within the global economy, pushing us towards a more unified world. In keeping with this trend, processes of communication, transportation, and production are becoming increasingly standardized, mechanized, and automated. Yet as this global era of uniformity progresses, people and individuals will inevitably encounter identity confusion. Numerous individuals, ethnicities, nationalities, and countries around the world are working to counteract such identity confusion. As globalization progresses, groups and nationalities that fail to preserve their identities will dwindle and become absorbed by stronger entities. Therefore, many societies are investing great efforts into rediscovering and revamping their indigenous traditions, cultures, and customs. When travelers visit another country, one of the simplest avenues for them to experience the local culture is food. Unlike other cultural elements, many of which have become diluted because of globalization, native cuisines are still perceived as retaining the traditions, uniqueness, and diversity of individual cultures. It is more important than ever for people and countries to expand and preserve their respective cultural currencies. In this respect, taking a cultural approach to Korean cuisine is a fascinating and meaningful endeavor. In light of the recent publication of a few articles dealing with the symbolic significance and meaning behind Korean cuisine, an effort to compile a list of the distinctive cultural properties of Korean food seems vital. Furthermore, presenting the aesthetics of Korean food through a method that integrates science and culture is a very significant task. The authors of this paper firmly believe in its potential to advance the globalization of Korean food.
Induced mutagenesis in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum (L. with special reference to the frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations

A relative study of frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations induced by mutagens in M 2 generation was made with chickpea (Cicer arietinum (L) Variety 'CO 4' The treatments include different doses/concentrations of Gamma rays (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60kR) and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mM) From the study, the overall frequencies and spectrum of five types of induced chlorophyll mutants Viridis (0.55) Xantha (0.46) Chlorina (0.45) Albina (0.43) and Tigrina (0.35) were observed. The frequency of chlorophyll mutation was increased with increasing concentrations up to a level, beyond it declined in both the mutagens. And the chlorophyll frequency was found in the order of viridis xantha >chlorina> Albina >tigrina. The chemical mutagen, EMS was found to be more effective in inducing chlorophyll mutations than gamma rays in Chick pea.
Induced genetic variability with EMS and studies on frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations in Pigeonpea

Four hundred seeds in each of two long duration pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L. Millsp. Cultures viz.,MAL 13 and MA156were treated with three different concentrations (0.01M, 0.015M and 0.02M) of EMS. At lab condition, germination varied from 71% in MAL 13 (at 0.02M) to 88% in MA 156 (at 0.01M) Average root and shoot length decreased with increase in dose concentration in both the genotypes. In M2, the highest in frequency of chlorophyll mutants (3.31% at 0.015 M in MAL 13, followed by 2.73% at 0.015M in MA 156 and lowest (0.72% was found at 0.01M in MA 156. Chlorophyll mutants viz. Albino, Xantha, Chlorina and Viridis were observed. MAL 13 is very sensitive to EMS and high efficiency was observed in 0.015M concentration.
Introduction to Forensic Psychology: Essentials for Law Enforcement

This book is written with police in mind. It uses case examples to show how forensic psychology can be used by law enforcement agencies to track offenders and to understand the motivations behind their offending. The text is divided into three parts, with the first part providing an easy to understand over view of what forensic psychology is, and how it is applied. Part two looks at crimes and criminals in four areas: psychopathy; understanding homicide; sex crimes; and domestic violence. The author breaks down the various crimes as well as the profiles of the offenders involved. Part three gives a detailed coverage of forensics, police, and investigative work including investigative interviewing techniques with particular classes of offenders.
Air Consumption Analysis of Air Jet Weaving

In Textile industry, production is mostly key concern for Industry owner. This always has attracted researchers and machines manufacturers to make new developments in process and machines. Air jet is one of the leading and successful highest productive weaving machines. However, it is now well established that due to add of charges of compressed air, manufacturing cost of air jet weaving machine is higher as compared with rapier and projectile weaving machines. This is why countries having energy issues do not prefer air jet weaving machines comparing projectile weaving machines. In this regard, several researchers and machine manufacturers have continuously been working to improve the efficiency of air jet weft insertion. However, industry practice is as important as design made by researchers. The aim of this research is to investigate the air consumption of air jet weaving on industrial scale practice. In this study, five weaving machine of same manufacturer and model were selected. It was observed that despite of manufacturing same quality of fabric, air consumption was varying almost in all weaving machines. Conventionally, mill workers adopt hit and trial practice in weaving industry including airpressure setting which leads to variation of nozzle pressure. Main reason of disparity of air consumption in air jet weaving machines may be variation of distance from compressor to weaving machines, number of joints, un necessary valve opening and pipes leakages cause an increase of compressed air consumption.
Gan Lu Siao Du yin, a prescription of traditional Chinese medicine, inhibited enterovirus 71 replication, translation, and virus induced cell apoptosis.
Venue: Journal of ethnopharmacology

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gan Lu Siao Du yin (GLSDY) is a prescription of traditional Chinese medicine. GLSDY contains 11 ingredients and is commonly used for endemic diseases. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is an endemic disease that can cause meningoencephalitis with mortality and neurologic sequelae without any effective management. It is unknown whether GLSDY is effective against EV71 infection.  To test the hypothesis that GLSDY can protect cell from EV71 induced injury.  Effects of a hot water extract of GLSDY on EV71 were tested in human foreskin fibroblast cells (CCFS 1/KMC) and human rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RD cells) by plaque reduction assay and flow cytometry respectively. Inhibition of viral replication was further examined by reverse quantitative RT PCR (qRT PCR) Its effect on viral protein translation and virus induced apoptosis were examined by western blot.  GLSDY was dose dependently effective against EV71 infection (p<0.0001) in both CCFS 1/KMC cells and RD cells. GLSDY was highly effective when supplemented after viral inoculation (P<0.0001) with an IC50 of 8.7mg/mL. GLSDY inhibited viral RNA replication (P<0.0001) formation of viral structural proteins (VP0, VP1, VP2 and VP3) and non structural proteins (protease 2B and 3AB) Furthermore, 300mg/mL GLSDY is effective to inhibit virus induced apoptosis possibly through direct inhibition of caspase 8 and indirectly by inhibition of Bax.  GLSDY is cheap and readily available to manage EV71 infection by inhibiting viral replication, viral protein formations, and EV71 induced apoptosis.
Detection of copy move image forgery based on discrete cosine transform
Venue: Neural Computing and Applications

Since powerful editing software is easily accessible, manipulation on images is expedient and easy without leaving any noticeable evidences. Hence, it turns out to be a challenging chore to authenticate the genuineness of images as it is impossible for human's naked eye to distinguish between the tampered image and actual image. Among the most common methods extensively used to copy and paste regions within the same image in tampering image is the copy move method. Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) has the ability to detect tampered regions accurately. Nevertheless, in terms of precision (FP) and recall (FN) the block size of overlapping block influenced the performance. In this paper, the researchers implemented the copy move image forgery detection using DCT coefficient. Firstly, by using the standard image conversion technique, RGB image is transformed into grayscale image. Consequently, grayscale image is segregated into overlying blocks of m x m pixels, m 4.8. 2D DCT coefficients are calculated and reposition into a feature vector using zig zag scanning in every block. Eventually, lexicographic sort is used to sort the feature vectors. Finally, the duplicated block is located by the Euclidean Distance. In order to gauge the performance of the copy move detection techniques with various block sizes with respect to accuracy and storage, threshold D_similar 0.1 and distance threshold (N)_d 100 are used to implement the 10 input images in order. Consequently, 4 x 4 overlying block size had high false positive thus decreased the accuracy of forged detection in terms of accuracy. However, 8 x 8 overlying block accomplished more accurately for forged detection in terms of precision and recall as compared to 4 x 4 overlying block. In a nutshell, the result of the accuracy performance of different overlying block size are influenced by the diverse size of forged area, distance between two forged areas and threshold value used for the research.
High capacity steganography: a global adaptive region discrete cosine transform approach
Venue: Multimedia Tools and Applications

An increasing number of spatial and frequency domain data hiding techniques have been proposed to address the relatively low embedding capacities of image based steganography. These techniques have brought promise of higher embedding capacities, albeit at the expense of lower perceptibility. This work proposes a new discrete cosine transform (DCT) approach for color image steganography and implements a global adaptive region (GAR) embedding scheme that allows for extremely high embedding capacities while maintaining enhanced perceptibility. The idea is to adapt the variable region size, used to hide the data, in each DCT block of the cover image to the amount of correlation of the image values in the corresponding block. We will demonstrate how this new technique achieves enhanced hiding capacities and perceptibility compared to other spatial, Fourier, and adaptive region DCT based steganography schemes.
Out in, in out buyer quality innovation pathways for new product outcome: empirical evidence from the Chinese consumer goods industry

In today's dynamic environment, quality innovation and new product development (NPD) are the key factors in gaining competitive advantage. However, the quality innovation process is a complex procedure, because it may combine internal and external resource requirements to meet customer expectations. This paper reviews two quality innovation pathways and their respective NPD performances based on the joint supplier buyer relationship within the fast consumer goods (FCGs) industry. Specifically, we study buyers' quality innovation potential using 'out in, which is the identification of quality innovative suppliers, and 'in out, which is buyers' quality knowledge transfer ability to suppliers. Our dyadic data from both buyers and suppliers reveal that the supplier's innovation ability and passion is the dominating factor, irrespective of quality innovation pathways, in the context of the Chinese consumer goods industry. However, cooperative attitude and the cost reduction ability of suppliers are the differentiating factors.
Estimation of cost and CO2 emissions with a sustainable cross border supply chain in the automobile industry: A case study of Thailand and neighboring countries

CO 2 emissions are increasing because of the growth in the cross border supply chain, which is leading the locations of assembly plants and suppliers to spread across a wider area. Given that one passenger vehicle needs more than 20,000 components and parts, the automobile industry exploits the cross border supply chain. Recently, the free cross border movement of people, goods, capital, and information has accelerated in Asia. Therefore, a sustainable cross border supply chain is required to reduce both CO 2 emissions and cost. This study estimates total CO 2 emissions per vehicle including production and transportation processes in Thailand and neighboring countries and the change in CO 2 emissions based on future policy scenarios that consider the automobile market and locational conditions in 2030. The results show that locating production close to the place of consumption and the electricity emissions factors in each country should be considered.
Innovation Waves, Investor Sentiment, and Mergers

We develop a theory of innovation waves, investor sentiment, and merger activity based on uncertainty aversion. Investors must typically decide whether or not to fund an innovative project with very limited knowledge of the odds of success, a situation that is best described as "Knightian uncertainty." We show that uncertainty averse investors are more optimistic on an innovation if they can also make contemporaneous investments in other innovative ventures. This means that uncertainty aversion makes investment in innovative projects strategic complements, which results in innovation waves. We also show that innovation waves may be sparked by favorable technological shocks in one sector, and then spill over to other contiguous sectors. Thus, innovation waves ripple through the economy amid strong investor sentiment. Finally, we argue that an active M&A market promotes innovative activity and leads to greater innovation rates and firm valuations.
Emission evaluation of a diesel engine generator operating with a proportion of isobutanol as a fuel additive in biodiesel blends

Isobutanol is one of the next generation biofuels that may potentially help to relieve the energy crisis and environmental problems. This study investigates the emissions of carbonyl compounds and regulated pollutants that are produced from diesel engine combustion in idle mode. Varied mixtures of diesel, biodiesel (up to 40 vol. and isobutanol (10 vol. components are compared with premium diesel fuels in terms of their combustion emissions. Experimental results indicate that major carbonyls in the exhaust, in order, are formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein, and they account for 77.7% to 83.8% of the total carbonyl compound concentrations emitted from a diesel engine fueled with all test fuels including diesel. With the increase of the biodiesel proportion in the blends of diesel biodiesel isobutanol, carbon monoxide (CO) nitrogen oxide (NO X and particulate matters (PMs) are decreased by an average of 3.45, 32.5, and 38.5 vol. respectively. The effect of the biodiesel proportion in the blends on carbonyl emissions is significant due to the fact that formaldehyde and acetaldehyde are able to be reduced by 14.4 to 54.5 vol. in average, respectively. Although the blended fuels benefit pollutant emissions, an increase of brake specific fuel consumption is observed with an elevated percentage of biodiesel.
An Adaptive Path Planning Based on Improved Fuzzy Neural Network for Multi robot Systems:

The fuzzy neural network (FNN) is the combination of fuzzy theory with neural network, which has advantages of validity and adaptability in robot path planning. However, the path planning based on the FNN is not optimal because of the limitations of the subjective experience and motion mutation and the dead zone. In this paper, FNN is improved by using A* graph search algorithm to guarantee an optimal path, providing the rationality and the feasibility, in which the grid map is divided into two stages, including the A* algorithm in the first stage and FNN in the second stage. In addition, a neural network based on adaptive control strategy is introduced to compensate the sensor failure and ensures the stability, which is caused by the loss of data and information uncertainty. The simulation results show that the approach is with effective performance in the robot path planning.
Personality perception of robot avatar tele operators
Venue: 2016 11th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human Robot Interaction (HRI)

Nowadays a significant part of human human interaction takes place over distance. Tele operated robot avatars, in which an operator's behaviours are portrayed by a robot proxy, have the potential to improve distance interaction, e.g. improving social presence and trust. However, having communication mediated by a robot changes the perception of the operator's appearance and behaviour, which have been shown to be used alongside vocal cues in judging personality. In this paper we present a study that investigates how robot mediation affects the way the personality of the operator is perceived. More specifically, we aim to investigate if judges of personality can be consistent in assessing personality traits, can agree with one another, can agree with operators' self assessed personality, and shift their perceptions to incorporate characteristics associated with the robot's appearance. Our experiments show that (i) judges utilise robot appearance cues along with operator vocal cues to make their judgements, (ii) operators' arm gestures reproduced on the robot aid personality judgements, and (iii) how personality cues are perceived and evaluated through speech, gesture and robot appearance is highly operator dependent. We discuss the implications of these results for both tele operated and autonomous robots that aim to portray personality.
A Robot Avatar: Easier Access to Education and Reduction in Isolation?

This paper presents a qualitative study of deployment and use of a robot as a sick child's avatar at school. Many children and youth suffer from a range of chronic illnesses that make them, often for long stretches of time, deprived of normal education and social life. The participants in our study are adolescents who have been diagnosed with, and suffered from, Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME/CFS) for at least one year. They attend school typically between 1 3 hours per week, and the robot avatar is intended as a way for them to extend the time spent in the classroom and to increase their social presence. The paper discusses tools made to help us understand these young people and their relation to technology (concerning their physical and mental condition) and their connectedness to others (friends, family, teachers and other relevant connections) Further, the paper reports on experiences with the use of robot avatars by participants, their parents, and their schoolteachers.
Development of a sensory lexicon for a specific subcategory of soy sauce: Seasoning soy sauce

General lexicons have been developed to describe sensory characteristics of soy sauce. However, no study has examined a large sample set of seasoning soy sauce, a subcategory of soy sauce, and developed a lexicon to fully describe its specific sensory characteristics. In this study, a wide variety of seasoning soy sauces (n 25) were examined by a descriptive panel composed of nine highly trained panelists and a lexicon consisting of 34 attributes was developed. Each attribute was defined and referenced. Results showed that almost all attributes were needed to explain the common sensory characteristics found in seasoning soy sauces. However, five terms may be used occasionally to describe targeted specific sensory characteristics. As compared with published general lexicons of soy sauce, the current lexicon revealed eight new attributes that were specific to seasoning soy sauces. In addition, new references were also developed for some attributes, thus providing new choices of references for researchers. Practical applications Understanding sensory characteristics of seasoning soy sauce, an increasingly popular flavoring ingredient, is very useful for manufacturers to capture or improve product qualities in order to strengthen their competitiveness in the marketplace. A developed lexicon from this study can be used to determine sensory quality of seasoning soy sauces accurately and precisely. The lexicon can also facilitate communication regarding product quality among sensory scientists, product developers, marketing professionals and suppliers.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Venue: The Lancet

Acute respiratory distress syndrome presents as hypoxia and bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest imaging in the absence of heart failure sufficient to account for this clinical state. Management is largely supportive, and is focused on protective mechanical ventilation and the avoidance of fluid overload. Patients with severe hypoxaemia can be managed with early short term use of neuromuscular blockade, prone position ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The use of inhaled nitric oxide is rarely indicated and both b2 agonists and late corticosteroids should be avoided. Mortality remains at approximately 30%
Imaging in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Venue: Intensive Care Medicine

PurposeImaging has become increasingly important across medical specialties for diagnostic, monitoring, and investigative purposes in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).MethodsThis review addresses the use of imaging techniques for the diagnosis and management of ARDS as well as gaining knowledge about its pathogenesis and pathophysiology. The techniques described in this article are computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and two easily accessible imaging techniques available at the bedside ultrasound and electrical impedance tomography (EIT).ResultsThe use of computed tomography has provided new insights into ARDS pathophysiology, demonstrating that ARDS does not homogeneously affect the lung parenchyma and that lung injury severity is widely distributed in the ARDS population. Positron emission tomography is a functional imaging technique whose value resides in adding incremental insights to morphological imaging. It can quantify regional perfusion, ventilation, aeration, lung vascular permeability, edema, and inflammation. Lung ultrasound and EIT are radiation free, noninvasive tools available at the bedside. Lung ultrasound can provide useful information on ARDS diagnosis when x rays or CT scan are not available. EIT is a useful tool to monitor lung ventilation and to assess the regional distribution of perfusion.ConclusionsThe future of imaging in critical care will probably develop in two main directions: easily accessible imaging techniques that can be used at the bedside and sophisticated imaging methods that will be used to aid in difficult diagnostic cases or to advance our understanding of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of an array of critical illnesses.