nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The power of flexibility: a key enabler to boost gender parity and employee engagement

The Power of Flexibility is the fifth in a series of landmark gender parity surveys by global management consulting firm Bain Company and Chief Executive Women, Australia's pre eminent organisation of 360 senior women leaders. Over 1000 members of the Australian business, government and not for profit community responded to the survey about their use of flexible work arrangements and their perceptions of their organisations. In order to advance gender equality in the workplace, flexible work arrangements must be available to and actively supported for both genders. Currently less than 50% of Australian organisations have a workplace flexibility policy and even when such policies exist, there are barriers to effective utilisation. The right culture and active support are fundamental to improving employees' experience of flexible working. Male and female respondents to the latest Bain Chief Executive Women Survey agreed that proof of the potential to progress one's career, visible commitment by the CEO, leadership and colleagues, and respect for boundaries are the most important factors in their experience of flexible working. Where flexible arrangements are widely used, all employees are four times happier than in organisations with no flexible options. However flexible work arrangements are not driving advocacy or confidence for men, despite strong interest in their uptake. Bain and CEW have identified several key actions to normalise and accelerate the success of flexible working.  Actively encourage and role model the uptake of flexible work arrangements Ensure flexible arrangements are supported and working successfully for both genders Create the right culture and support employee priorities of career progression, visible support from the CEO, leadership team and colleagues, and respect of boundaries Create clear policies around promotion and compensation when working flexibly Ensure technology and an agile work environment are in place and working well
Workplace Spirituality and Employee Job Behaviour

Effective employee job behaviour is often driven by suitable work environment that continually provides a meaningful job assignment throughout one's professional career. Recent researches in organizational studies have strengthened the notion of workplace spirituality for creating meaningful job, delight, contentment and hope at work that generate employee engagement, and organizational commitment. Such type of job behaviour is expected to produce better job performance of employees while deriving higher productivity of the organization. Keeping this in view, the present study was designed to examine the role of workplace spirituality in employee job behaviour through the construct of employee engagement and organizational commitment. The findings revealed that factors of workplace spirituality significantly and positively influence job behaviour dimensions. It also reported that workplace spirituality has significant effects on vigour and affective commitment. The meaningful work dimension of workplace spirituality was found to be significant predictors of employee engagement and organizational commitment. The study has a number of implications for academicians and human resource (HR) professionals for devising suitable mechanisms to create individual organization fitment interventions.
Effect of Soil Variability on Strain Demand Associated With Moving Slopes

Assessment of strain demand is a critical component in strain based design. The strain demand associated with moving slopes is influenced by a number of factors related to the properties of the pipeline, the surrounding soil, and the general slope characteristics. Available empirical models for assessing strain demand are limited to special cases of slope movements, and detailed finite element analyses are often performed in order to accurately assess the strain demand for specific slopes. Soil properties and slope movements are acknowledged to be highly uncertain, with the uncertainty stemming in part from the lack of site specific data and in part from the inherent variability in soils. The sensitivity of strain demand to the effect of soil variability is an important consideration when establishing the safety margin that must be employed when using the strain based method for pipeline design or assessment. In this paper, a finite element analysis of pipe soil interaction is employed to assess the influence of soil variability on strain demand. Strain demand is shown to be highly influenced by variability in slope movement parameters and soil properties. Strategies to reduce the variability in the strain demand either through increased data collection or through pipeline design are discussed.
Updated fit to three neutrino mixing: exploring the accelerator reactor complementarity

A bstractWe perform a combined fit to global neutrino oscillation data available as of fall 2016 in the scenario of three neutrino oscillations and present updated allowed ranges of the six oscillation parameters. We discuss the differences arising between the consistent combination of the data samples from accelerator and reactor experiments compared to partial combinations. We quantify the confidence in the determination of the less precisely known parameters th23, dCP, and the neutrino mass ordering by performing a Monte Carlo study of the long baseline accelerator and reactor data. We find that the sensitivity to the mass ordering and the th23 octant is below 1s. Maximal th23 mixing is allowed at slightly more than 90% CL. The best fit for the CP violating phase is around 270deg, CP conservation is allowed at slightly above 1s, and values of dCP 90deg are disfavored at around 99% CL for normal ordering and higher CL for inverted ordering.
Heterometallic antenna reactor complexes for photocatalysis
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Plasmon enhanced photocatalysis holds significant promise for controlling chemical reaction rates and outcomes. Unfortunately, traditional plasmonic metals have limited surface chemistry, while conventional catalysts are poor optical absorbers. By placing a catalytic reactor particle adjacent to a plasmonic antenna, the highly efficient and tunable light harvesting capacities of plasmonic nanoparticles can be exploited to drastically increase absorption and hot carrier generation in the reactor nanoparticles. We demonstrate this antenna reactor concept by showing that plasmonic aluminum nanocrystal antennas decorated with small catalytic palladium reactor particles exhibit dramatically increased photocatalytic activity over their individual components. The modularity of this approach provides for independent control of chemical and light harvesting properties and paves the way for the rational, predictive design of efficient plasmonic photocatalysts. Metallic nanoparticles with strong optically resonant properties behave as nanoscale optical antennas, and have recently shown extraordinary promise as light driven catalysts. Traditionally, however, heterogeneous catalysis has relied upon weakly light absorbing metals such as Pd, Pt, Ru, or Rh to lower the activation energy for chemical reactions. Here we show that coupling a plasmonic nanoantenna directly to catalytic nanoparticles enables the light induced generation of hot carriers within the catalyst nanoparticles, transforming the entire complex into an efficient light controlled reactive catalyst. In Pd decorated Al nanocrystals, photocatalytic hydrogen desorption closely follows the antenna induced local absorption cross section of the Pd islands, and a supralinear power dependence strongly suggests that hot carrier induced desorption occurs at the Pd island surface. When acetylene is present along with hydrogen, the selectivity for photocatalytic ethylene production relative to ethane is strongly enhanced, approaching 40:1. These observations indicate that antenna reactor complexes may greatly expand possibilities for developing designer photocatalytic substrates.
Perceptions of capacity for infectious disease control and prevention to meet the challenges of dengue fever in the face of climate change: A survey among CDC staff in Guangdong Province, China.
Venue: Environmental research

Dengue fever is an important climate sensitive mosquito borne viral disease that poses a risk to half the world's population. The disease is a major public health issue in China where in 2014 a major outbreak occurred in Guangdong Province. This study aims to gauge health professionals' perceptions about the capacity of infectious disease control and prevention to meet the challenge of dengue fever in the face of climate change in Guangdong Province, China.  A cross sectional questionnaire survey was administered among staff in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCs) in Guangdong Province. Data analysis was undertaken using descriptive methods and logistic regression.  In total, 260 questionnaires were completed. Most participants (80.7% thought climate change would have a negative effect on population health, and 98.4% of participants reported dengue fever had emerged or re emerged in China in recent years. Additionally, 74.9% of them indicated that the capability of the CDCs to detect infectious disease outbreak/epidemic at an early stage was excellent; 86.3% indicated laboratories could provide diagnostic support rapidly; and 83.1% believed levels of current staff would be adequate in the event of a major outbreak. Logistic regression analysis showed higher levels of CDCs were perceived to have better capacity for infectious disease control and prevention. Only 26.8% of participants thought they had a good understanding of climate change, and most (85.4% thought they needed more information about the health impacts of climate change. Most surveyed staff suggested the following strategies to curb the public health impact of infectious diseases in relation to climate change: primary prevention measures, strengthening the monitoring of infectious diseases, the ability to actively forecast disease outbreaks by early warning systems, and more funding for public health education programs.  Vigilant disease and vector surveillance, preventive practice and health promotion programs will likely be significant in addressing the threat of dengue fever in the future. Further efforts are needed to strengthen the awareness of climate change among health professionals, and to promote relevant actions to minimize the health burden of infectious diseases in a changing climate. Results will be critical for policy makers facing the current and future challenges associated with infectious disease prevention and control in China.
Optimal control approach to dengue reduction and prevention in Cali, Colombia

The aim of this paper is to propose optimal strategies for dengue reduction and prevention in Cali, Colombia. For this purpose, we consider two variants of a simple dengue transmission model, epidemic and endemic, each of which is amended with two control variables. These variables express feasible control actions to be taken by an external decision maker. First control variable stands for the insecticide spraying and thus targets to suppress the vector population. The second one expresses the protective measures (such as use of repellents, mosquito nets, and insecticide treated clothes) that are destined to reduce the number of contacts (bites) between female mosquitoes (principal dengue transmitters) and human individuals. We use the Pontryagin's maximum principle in order to derive the optimal strategies for dengue control and then perform the cost effectiveness analysis of these strategies in order to choose the most sustainable one in terms of cost benefit relationship.
Energy harvesting system for intelligent tyre sensors
Venue: 2016 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)

An intelligent tyre system enables the active chassis control system to directly access the information about tyre road interactions. However, supplying power to the system is still a bottleneck which limits the applicability of the intelligent tyre system. This paper proposes a piezoelectric energy harvesting system with energy storage to address this issue. The system was installed to the inside of a car tyre and measured with a chassis dynamometer. The harvester was found to produce approximately 88 mW of power at a driving speed of 60 km/h, which is enough to supply energy for a low power in tyre sensor system with radio link connectivity such as a tyre pressure monitoring system.
Modelling to generate alternatives with an energy system optimization model
Venue: Environ. Model. Softw.

Energy system optimization models (ESOMs) should be used in an interactive way to uncover knife edge solutions, explore alternative system configurations, and suggest different ways to achieve policy objectives under conditions of deep uncertainty. In this paper, we do so by employing an existing optimization technique called modeling to generate alternatives (MGA) which involves a change in the model structure in order to systematically explore the near optimal decision space. The MGA capability is incorporated into Tools for Energy Model Optimization and Analysis (Temoa) an open source framework that also includes a technology rich, bottom up ESOM. In this analysis, Temoa is used to explore alternative energy futures in a simplified single region energy system that represents the U.S. electric sector and a portion of the light duty transport sector. Given the dataset limitations, we place greater emphasis on the methodological approach rather than specific results. Modeling to generate alternatives (MGA) is applied to an energy system model.Temoa, an open source energy model, and a two sector U.S. dataset are utilized.MGA is used to explore different cost and CO2 constrained futures.Results highlight the value of iterative analysis to probe the model decision space.
Different Flavors of GUM: Evaluating Genre and Sentence Type Effects on Multilayer Corpus Annotation Quality
Venue: LAW@ACL

Genre and domain are well known covariates of both manual and automatic annotation quality. Comparatively less is known about the effect of sentence types, such as imperatives, questions or fragments, and how they interact with text type effects. Using mixed effects models, we evaluate the relative influence of genre and sentence types on automatic and manual annotation quality for three related tasks in English data: POS tagging, dependency parsing and coreference resolution. For the latter task, we also develop a new metric for the evaluation of individual regions of coreference annotation. Our results show that while there are substantial differences between manual and automatic annotation in each task, sentence type is generally more important than genre in predicting errors within our data.
Codage en chaine ou en premiere mention de la coreference approcher la structure des chaines de reference par comparaison des deux annotations

Cet article presente une etude experimentale portant sur les chaines de reference en francais oral spontane. Elle a ete menee le corpus de dialogue oral annote en cofeference ANCOR et a porte sur la comparaison des resultats distributionnels obtenus sur les deux types d'annotation presentes dans le corpus d'une part, une annotation en chaine, qui repose sur l'identification des liens entre expressions linguistiques (nominales ou pronominales) qui ont un meme referent. Et d'autre part, une annotation en premiere mention, ou les liens sont faits entre la premiere mention d'une entite et les expressions suivantes qui ont le meme referent. Nos resultats experimentaux nous ont permis de retrouver certaines hypothese de la litterature, concernent avant tout les capacites de certains types de mentions (definis, demonstratifs, pronoms etc. a ancrer (ou non) les chaines de reference. D'autres resultats plus originaux ont egalement ete obtenus, qui concernent la configuration globale des chaines apprehendees en termes de configurations de transition (ou non) entre definis et indefinis, ou entre groupes nominaux et pronoms. Enfin, notre etude a montre que les heuristiques que l'on peut tirer sur l'accord en gere ou en nombre dans les chaines de reference ne sont pas impactees par le type d'annotation retenu.
Soil C and N models that integrate microbial diversity
Venue: Environmental Chemistry Letters

Industrial agriculture is yearly responsible for the loss of 55 100 Pg of historical soil carbon and 9.9 Tg of reactive nitrogen worldwide. Therefore, management practices should be adapted to preserve ecological processes and reduce inputs and environmental impacts. In particular, the management of soil organic matter (SOM) is a key factor influencing C and N cycles. Soil microorganisms play a central role in SOM dynamics. For instance, microbial diversity may explain up to 77 of carbon mineralisation activities. However, soil microbial diversity is actually rarely taken into account in models of C and N dynamics. Here, we review the influence of microbial diversity on C and N dynamics, and the integration of microbial diversity in soil C and N models. We found that a gain of microbial richness and evenness enhances soil C and N dynamics on the average, though the improvement of C and N dynamics depends on the composition of microbial community. We reviewed 50 models integrating soil microbial diversity. More than 90 of models integrate microbial diversity with discrete compartments representing conceptual functional groups (64 or identified taxonomic groups interacting in a food web (28 Half of the models have not been tested against an empirical dataset while the other half mainly consider fixed parameters. This is due to the difficulty to link taxonomic and functional diversity.
Proteolytic activity and cooperative hemolytic effect of dermatophytes with different species of bacteria
Venue: Current medical mycology

Globally, dermatophytes are the most common filamentous group of fungi causing cutaneous mycoses. Dermatophytes were shown to secrete a multitude of enzymes that play a role in their pathogenesis. There is limited data on co hemolytic (CAMP like) effect of different bacterial species on dermatophyte species. In this study, we sought to the evaluate exoenzyme activity and co hemolytic effect of four bacteria on clinical dermatophytes isolated from patients in Shiraz, Iran.  A total of 84 clinical dermatophyte species were isolated from patients suffering dermatophytosis and identified by conventional methods. Hemolytic activity was evaluated with Columbia 5% sheep blood agar. Proteolytic activity was determined by plate clearance assay method, using gelatin 8% agar. CAMP like factor was evaluated with four bacteria, namely, S. areus, S. saprophyticus, S. pyogenes, and S. agalactiae. Fisher's exact test was run for statistical analysis.  T. mentagrophytes was the most predominant agent (27 [32.1% followed by T. verrucosum(20 [23.8% T. tonsurans (10 [11.9% Microsporum canis (7 [8.3% T. rubrum (6 [7.1% E. floccosum (6 [7.1% M. gypseum (5 [6% and T. violaceum (3[3.6% The most common clinical area of dermatophytosis was the skin. All the isolates expressed the zone of incomplete alpha hemolysis. All the isolates had CAMP positive reaction with S. aureus and the other bacteria were CAMP negative. All the isolates expressed proteolytic activity and no significant differences were noted among diverse genera of dermatophytes and severities of proteolytic activity.  This study indicated that hemolysin and proteolytic enzymes potentially play a role in dermatophyte pathogenesis and S. aureus could be considered as a main bacterium for creation of co hemolytic effect in association with dermatophyte species.
Indolo[3,2 b]quinoline Derivatives Suppressed the Hemolytic Activity of Beta Pore Forming Toxins, Aerolysin Like Hemolysin Produced by Aeromonas sobria and Alpha Hemolysin Produced by Staphylococcus aureus.
Venue: Biological pharmaceutical bulletin

In an attempt to discover inhibitory compounds against pore forming toxins, some of the major toxins produced by bacteria, we herein examined the effects of four kinds of indolo[3,2 b]quinoline derivatives on hemolysis induced by the aerolysin like hemolysin (ALH) of Aeromonas sobria and also by the alpha hemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that hemolysis induced by ALH was significantly reduced by every derivative, while that induced by alpha hemolysis was significantly reduced by three out of the four derivatives. However, the degrees of reduction induced by these derivatives were not uniform. Each derivative exhibited its own activity to inhibit the respective hemolysin. Compounds 1 and 2, which possessed the amino group bonding the naphthalene moiety at the C 11 position of indolo[3,2 b]quinoline, had strong inhibitory effects on the activity of ALH. Compound 4 which consisted of benzofuran and quinoline had strong inhibitory effects on the activity of alpha hemolysin. These results indicated that the amino group bonding the naphthalene moiety of compounds 1 and 2 assisted in their ability to inhibit ALH activity, while the oxygen atom at the 10 position of compound 4 strengthened its interaction with alpha hemolysin. These compounds also suppressed the hemolytic activity of the supernatant of A. sobria or A. hydrophila, suggesting that these compounds were effective at the site of infection of these bacteria.
Examination Of Gifted Students' Probability Problem Solving Process In Terms Of Mathematical Thinking

It is a widely known fact that gifted students have different skills compared to their peers. However, to what extent gifted students use mathematical thinking skills during probability problem solving process emerges as a significant question. Thence, the main aim of the present study is to examine 8th grade gifted students' probability problem solving process related to daily life in terms of mathematical thinking skills. In this regard, a case study was used in the study. The participants of the study were six students at 8th grade (four girls and two boys) from the Science and Art Center. One of the purposeful sampling methods, maximum variation sampling was used for selecting the participants. Clinical interview and problems were used as a data collection tool. As a results of the study, it was determined that gifted students use reasoning and strategies skill, which is one of the mathematical thinking skills, mostly on the process of probability problem solving, and communication skills at least.
Simultaneous Retrieval of Root Fragment, Sinus Lifting With Particulated Bone Graft, and Immediate Dental Implant Insertion
Venue: The Journal of craniofacial surgery

The aim of these 3 patient reports is to demonstrate a new technique for the reconstruction of the posterior maxilla in patient of a displaced root fragment. The retrieval of root fragments, sinus floor augmentation procedures with a particulated graft, and an implant insertion were performed in the same operation. A simultaneous oro antral communication was also repaired in 2 patients. Sinus membrane elevations and retrieval of a root fragment via the lateral wall sinus approach were also performed. After repairing a membrane perforation with a particulated graft, an immediate implant insertion was done. An average period of 41 months of clinical and radiographic follow up revealed a healthy maxillary sinus and a functional implant in the tooth area.