nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Interventions and Nutritional Supplements (The CINS Trial) A Randomized Controlled, Multicenter Trial Comparing a Brief Intervention With Additional Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Seal Oil, and Soy Oil for Sick Listed Low Back Pain Patients
Venue: Spine

A randomized controlled trial.  The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a tailored and manualized cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) or nutritional supplements of seal oil and soy oil had any additional benefits over a brief cognitive intervention (BI) on return to work (RTW)  Brief intervention programs are clinically beneficial and cost effective for patients with low back pain (LBP) CBT is recommended for LBP, but evidence on RTW is lacking. Seal oil has previously been shown to have a possible effect on muscle pain, but no randomized controlled trials have so far been carried out in LBP patients.  Four hundred thirteen adults aged 18 to 60 years were included. Participants were sick listed 2 to 10 months due to LBP. Main outcome was objectively ascertained work participation at 12 month follow up. Participants were randomly assigned to BI (n 100) BI and CBT (n 103) BI and seal oil (n 105) or BI and soy oil (n 105) BI is a two session cognitive, clinical examination program followed by two booster sessions, while the CBT program is a tailored, individual, seven session manual based treatment.  At 12 month follow up, 60% of the participants in the BI group, 50% in the BI and CBT group, 51% in the BI and seal oil group, and 53% in the BI and soy oil group showed reduced sick leave from baseline, and had either partly or fully RTW. The differences between the groups were not statistically significant &khgr;2 2.54, P 0.47) There were no significant differences between the treatment groups at any of the other follow up assessments either, except for a significantly lower sick leave rate in the BI group than the other groups during the first 3 months of follow up &khgr;2 9.50, P 0.02)  CBT and seal oil had no additional benefits over a brief cognitive intervention on sick leave. The brief cognitive intervention alone was superior in facilitating a fast RTW.
Preterm feeding recommendations are achievable in large scale research studies
Venue: BMC Nutrition

BackgroundThe INTERGROWTH 21st Project aimed to produce international, prescriptive, postnatal growth standards for preterm infants born to healthy, well nourished mothers receiving adequate antenatal care. There is little information available regarding optimal postnatal growth among uncomplicated preterm newborns. We describe how the preterm infants contributing to the standards followed evidence based feeding recommendations.MethodsIn the Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study (FGLS) a component of the INTERGROWTH 21st Project, fetal growth was monitored by ultrasound from <14 weeks' gestation until birth in pregnancies at low risk of adverse outcomes. All preterms =26+0 and <37+0 weeks' gestation) were followed up during infancy. Internationally accepted feeding recommendations for preterms, agreed by the INTERGROWTH 21st Neonatal Group, were implemented at each study site. Standardised questionnaires served to record information on their feeding practices.ResultsFeeding data were collected from 201 eligible preterms. The median (interquartile range, IQR) gestational age at birth was 36.0 (35.0 36.6) weeks. The prevalence of any breastfeeding was 82 within 72 h of birth, 96 at 2 weeks, 82 at 4 months and 70 at 8 months postnatal age. The figures for exclusive breastfeeding were 51 within 72 h of birth, 72 at hospital discharge, 49 at 4 months, 38 at 5 months and 12 at 6 months. Complementary foods were introduced at a median (IQR) postnatal age of 6.0 (5.1 6.8) months.ConclusionMost preterms were exclusively breastfed upon hospital discharge, and breastfeeding remained a substantial source of nutrition throughout the study. Recommendations, centred on breastfeeding, were adequately followed within the expected variation of such diverse settings.
Potential Nutrigenomic Approaches to Reduce the High Incidence of Obesity in Qatar

Obesity prevalence has been growing exponentially over the last few decades, with a high impact in high income countries, like Qatar. Several approaches are attempting to understand the causes of this phenomenon however more important is what to do to reverse the trends. Obesity is widely studied, mostly in Europe and the Unites States, and a number of studies have demonstrate the role of specific gene patterns, transcriptome and proteome pathways, and gut microbiome strains. The Omics sciences have a great potential to investigate the determinants of non communicable diseases, such as obesity. Nutritional genomics sciences apply all the Omics approaches to address nutrition related diseases, investigating the interaction between genes and diet. To date, few data are available from nutrigenomic studies conducted in Middle East and particularly in Qatar to help the design of targeted interventions. The high incidence of obesity and the peculiar genetic make up of the Qatari population provide opportunities for exploring nutrigenomic approaches to help addressing the problem.
Delivering on social accountability: Canada's Northern Ontario School of Medicine

The Northern Ontario School of Medicine (NOSM) opened in 2005 with a social accountability mandate to contribute to improving the health of the people and communities of Northern Ontario. NOSM recruits students from Northern Ontario or similar backgrounds and provides Distributed Community Engaged Learning in over 90 clinical and community settings located in the region, a vast underserved rural part of Canada. This paper presents outcomes for graduates of NOSM's undergraduate and postgraduate medical education programs with emphasis on NOSM's social accountability mandate.  NOSM and the Centre for Rural and Northern Health Research (CRaNHR) used mixed methods that include administrative data from NOSM and external sources, as well as surveys and interviews of students, graduates and other informants.  92% of all NOSM students come from Northern Ontario with substantial inclusion of Indigenous (7% and Francophone (22% students. 62% of NOSM graduates have chosen family practice (predominantly rural) training. 94% of the doctors who completed undergraduate and postgraduate education with NOSM are practising in Northern Ontario. The socio economic impact of NOSM included: new economic activity, more than double the School's budget; enhanced retention and recruitment for the universities and hospitals/health services; and a sense of empowerment among community participants attributable in large part to NOSM.  There are signs that NOSM is successful in graduating doctors who have the skills and the commitment to practice in rural/remote communities and that NOSM is having a largely positive socio economic impact on Northern Ontario.
Building blocks for social accountability: a conceptual framework to guide medical schools
Venue: BMC medical education

BackgroundThis paper presents a conceptual framework developed from empirical evidence, to guide medical schools aspiring towards greater social accountability.MethodsUsing a multiple case study approach, seventy five staff, students, health sector representatives and community members, associated with four medical schools, participated in semi structured interviews. Two schools were in Australia and two were in the Philippines. These schools were selected because they were aspiring to be socially accountable. Data was collected through on site visits, field notes and a documentary review. Abductive analysis involved both deductive and inductive iterative theming of the data both within and across cases.ResultsThe conceptual framework for socially accountable medical education was built from analyzing the internal and external factors influencing the selected medical schools. These factors became the building blocks that might be necessary to assist movement to social accountability. The strongest factor was the demands of the local workforce situation leading to innovative educational programs established with or without government support. The values and professional experiences of leaders, staff and health sector representatives, influenced whether the organizational culture of a school was conducive to social accountability. The wider institutional environment and policies of their universities affected this culture and the resourcing of programs. Membership of a coalition of socially accountable medical schools created a community of learning and legitimized local practice. Communities may not have recognized their own importance but they were fundamental for socially accountable practices. The bedrock of social accountability, that is, the foundation for all building blocks, is shared values and aspirations congruent with social accountability. These values and aspirations are both a philosophical understanding for innovation and a practical application at the health systems and education levels.ConclusionsWhile many of these building blocks are similar to those conceptualized in social accountability theory, this conceptual framework is informed by what happens in practice empirical evidence rather than prescriptions. Consequently it is valuable in that it puts some theoretical thinking around everyday practice in specific contexts; addressing a gap in the medical education literature. The building blocks framework includes guidelines for social accountable practice that can be applied at policy, school and individual levels.
An Exploration of the Use of a Sensory Room in a Forensic Mental Health Setting: Staff and Patient Perspectives.
Venue: Occupational therapy international

Despite the increased use of sensory rooms, there is little published evidence related to their benefits. The purpose of this study was to explore staff and patient perspectives of the use of a sensory room in an Australian forensic mental health setting. Staff and patients on a forensic hospital unit were recruited for this study. Focus group data was obtained from the perspective of the healthcare staff. A sensory assessment identified patients' sensory preferences. The details of the patients sensory room use and stress experienced before and after using the sensory room were recorded. The results showed a mean decrease in stress that was attributed to the use of the sensory room. Stress reducing benefits of sensory room use may improve a patient's experience within a forensic mental health facility while applying a recovery approach. As a limitation of the study, patient stress was rated on an un validated scale. Further research is needed for greater insight and evidence in evaluating the use of sensory rooms in forensic mental health settings in reducing stress.
Adolescents' Self Regulation Development via the Sensory Room System.

The urgency of the issue stated in this article is caused by the need for mastering skills and patterns of self regulation when being an adolescent since this time is sensitive for developing processes of personal understanding and evolution. Thus, mastering skills and patterns of self regulation as a necessary part of the whole ability of personality formation as well as mastering reflection as the main age dependent formation is an important stage of adolescents' individual development. The purpose of the present article is to solve the problem of adolescents' self regulation development via the sensory room system. The leading method of study of this problem is the method of pedagogical experiment during which the program "Find yourself" was developed and tested. The content of the program is described in the present article. The article presents potential of self regulation development as a way to control personal psychoemotional state which can be managed by external effects, in particular by the system of sensory room. It was proved that it's possible to develop behavior self regulation of adolescents by self influence of the person using affirmation, visualization and psychophysiological regulation; upgrading communication skills and subjective control. Materials of the article present utility for psychologists, social and supervising teachers working with adolescents.
El tiempo de compromiso motor en las sesiones de Educacion Fisica del primer y segundo ciclo de Educacion Primaria

The main objectives of this study were to describe the most common type of sessions in physical education classes depending on the type of students groupings and to analyze the time available for practice (TCM) depending on the type of meeting, school year or when students practice the first, second and third year of primary education. This study involved 264 children who were studying in the first, second and third year of primary education. A total of 176 physical education sessions were recorded by observation tool TiPEF which showed excellent reliability (Cohen's Kappa 0.95 to 0.99) The sessions where a cluster of large group used were the most used (33.5% and sessions where the clusters were in groups of 4, 8 and 12 participants were the least used (5.7% each) The mean duration of TCM for all sessions analyzed was 21.4 3.8 min session, meaning that 67.2% of the time bound for other tasks that did not involve driving practice. The freshmen were the most TCM arranged by session and the third year the least (p <0.01) In sessions after recess and early in the afternoon TCM having students was higher (p <0.01) than in the last session of the morning and afternoon. It can be essential that educational institutions and physical education teachers perform specific actions to increase the TCM at these ages.
El tiempo de compromiso motor en las sesiones de Educacion Fisica del primer y segundo ciclo de Educacion Primaria Commitment motor time in primary education first and second cycle physical education sessions

The main objectives of this study were to describe the most common type of sessions in physical education classes depending on the type of students groupings and to analyze the time available for practice (TCM) depending on the type of meeting, school year or when students practice the first, second and third year of primary education. This study involved 264 children who were studying in the first, second and third year of primary education. A total of 176 physical education sessions were recorded by observation tool TiPEF which showed excellent reliability (Cohen's Kappa 0.95 to 0.99) The sessions where a cluster of large group used were the most used (33.5% and sessions where the clusters were in groups of 4, 8 and 12 participants were the least used (5.7% each) The mean duration of TCM for all sessions analyzed was 21.4 3.8 min session, meaning that 67.2% of the time bound for other tasks that did not involve driving practice. The freshmen were the most TCM arranged by session and the third year the least (p <0.01) In sessions after recess and early in the afternoon TCM having students was higher (p <0.01) than in the last session of the morning and afternoon. It can be essential that educational institutions and physical education teachers perform specific actions to increase the TCM at these ages.
Los cuentos motores como herramienta metodologica en las clases de Educacion Fisica

En este articulo se incorpora una herramienta metodologica diferente en las clases de Educacion Fisica de Primaria, los cuentos motores. Esta propuesta consiste en utilizar esta herramienta en los tres ciclos de Educacion Primaria, mas concretamente, en el segundo nivel del primer ciclo y en el primer nivel de segundo y tercer ciclo. Para conseguir todo esto, en primer lugar se realizo una revision bibliografica sobre el origen de esta metodologia y sus caracteristicas. A continuacion, se propone un plan de intervencion para un centro con un diseno y elaboracion propia. Tras su puesta en practica, se realizo un analisis a partir de los resultados obtenidos y de los datos recogidos durante la intervencion: diario de practicas, autoevaluacion del alumnado implicado, rubricas para la evaluacion del alumnado, observacion participante, toma de fotografias, etc. En las conclusiones se trata la alta complejidad que presenta este recurso para llevar a cabo en las aulas de Educacion Primaria, y por que es importante una buena formacion al respecto.
Hand Body Language Gesture Recognition Based on Signals From Specialized Glove and Machine Learning Algorithms
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics

The man machine interface (MMI) is one of the most exciting areas of contemporary research. To make the MMI as convenient for a human as possible, it is desirable that efficient algorithms for recognizing body language are developed. This paper presents a system for quick and effective recognition of gestures of hand body language, based on data from a specialized glove equipped with ten sensors. In the experiment, 10 people performed 22 hand body language gestures. Each of the 22 gestures was executed 10 times. Collected data were preprocessed in multiple ways and three machine learning algorithms were designed based on classifiers (probabilistic neural network, support vector machine, and k nearest neighbors algorithm) trained and tested by a tenfold cross validation technique. The best designed classifiers gained effectiveness of gesture recognition at k 98.24% with a very short time of testing, below 1 ms. The experiments confirm that efficient and quick recognition of hand body language is possible.
Influence of Protein and Water Addition on Gluten Free Dough Properties and Bread Quality

The diversity and nutritional value of the gluten free products is challenging because of the increasing segment of population with celiac disease. In order to address this issue, the effects of different proteins (powdered eggs, soy, lupin, sodium caseinate and whey) to the gluten free formulation based on rice and maize flours were assessed. The dough hydration was varied from 55 to 105 and dough rheological properties and bread characteristics were tested. The nature of the proteins and water level added to the gluten free bread recipes has a decisive role on product quality. The best results in terms of rheological behavior were recorded for samples with powdered eggs, soy and lupin protein addition, at water absorption of 95 105 Concerning the bread quality, our results showed that protein addition to the rice and maize flours gluten free formulations allows the improvement of crumb texture.
Volkswagen Emissions Scandal: A Global Case Study of Legal, Ethical, and Practical Consequences and Recommendations for Sustainable Management

In today's global workplace, all executives and corporations must ensure that their managers and employees make ethical and sustainable decisions for their own long term interest as well as those of the environment and consumers. Volkswagen (VW) has traditionally been known as a quality brand of automotive organization; but now they will also continue to be recognized as a global company that willfully and consciously manipulated their car's software to falsify data. They will be known as a company that deceived the U.S. government and the public regarding compliance with emission standards; however, they got caught and will pay a heavy price in managing this crisis. This willful scandal makes one think if government deception was considered normal and acceptable in VW's corporate culture and how such manipulation can be prevented in the future. In this article, we provide the facts about the VW emissions crisis along with a discussion of the harmful consequences resulting from the scandal. Based on the lessons learned, the article offers recommendations for managers and employees of all local and global corporations in making ethical, transparent and sustainable decisions. Finally, a list of discussion questions are offered so managers and business students can reflect upon them for the creation of an organizational culture where effective and sustainable decisions become the norm.
A Comparison of Cache Blocking Methods for Fast Execution of Ensemble based Score Computation
Venue: SIGIR

Machine learned classification and ranking techniques often use ensembles to aggregate partial scores of feature vectors for high accuracy and the runtime score computation can become expensive when employing a large number of ensembles. The previous work has shown the judicious use of memory hierarchy in a modern CPU architecture which can effectively shorten the time of score computation. However, different traversal methods and blocking parameter settings can exhibit different cache and cost behavior depending on data and architectural characteristics. It is very time consuming to conduct exhaustive search for performance comparison and optimum selection. This paper provides an analytic comparison of cache blocking methods on their data access performance with an approximation and proposes a fast guided sampling scheme to select a traversal method and blocking parameters for effective use of memory hierarchy. The evaluation studies with three datasets show that within a reasonable amount of time, the proposed scheme can identify a highly competitive solution that significantly accelerates score calculation.
Efficacy of preoperative biliary drainage in malignant obstructive jaundice: a meta analysis and systematic review
Venue: World Journal of Surgical Oncology

BackgroundIn patients requiring surgical resection for malignant biliary jaundice, it is unclear if preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) would improve mortality and morbidity by restoration of biliary flow prior to operation. This is a meta analysis to pool the evidence and assess the utility of PBD in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice. The primary outcome is comparing mortality outcomes in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice undergoing direct surgery (DS) versus PBD. The secondary outcomes include major adverse events and length of hospital stay in both the groups.MethodsStudies using PBD in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice were included in this study. For the data collection and extraction, articles were searched in MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials Database of Systematic Reviews, etc. Pooled proportions were calculated using both Mantel Haenszel method (fixed effects model) and DerSimonian Laird method (random effects model).ResultsInitial search identified 2230 reference articles, of which 204 were selected and reviewed. Twenty six studies (N 3532) for PBD in malignant obstructive jaundice which met the inclusion criteria were included in this analysis. The odds ratio for mortality in PBD group versus DS group was 0.96 (95 CI 0.71 to 1.29) Pooled number of major adverse effects was lower in the PBD group at 10.40 (95 CI 9.96 to 10.83) compared to 15.56 (95 CI 15.06 to 16.05) in the DS group. Subgroup analysis comparing internal PBD to DS group showed lower odds for major adverse events (odds ratio, 0.48 with 95 CI 0.32 to 0.74).ConclusionsIn patients with malignant biliary jaundice requiring surgery, PBD group had significantly less major adverse effects than DS group. Length of hospital stay and mortality rate were comparable in both the groups.
Current Status of Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage in Palliation of Malignant Obstructive Jaundice: A Review
Venue: Indian journal of palliative care

Malignancies leading to obstructive jaundice present too late to perform surgery with a curative intent. Due to inexorably progressing hyperbilirubinemia with its consequent deleterious effects, drainage needs to established even in advanced cases. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are widely used palliative procedures each with its own merits and lacunae. With the current state of the art PTBD technique consequent upon procedural and hardware improvement, it is equaling ERCP regarding technical success and complications. In addition, there is a reduction in immediate procedure related mortality with proven survival benefit. Nonetheless, it is the only imminent lifesaving procedure in cholangitis and sepsis.