nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploring Government Uses of Social Media through Twitter Sentiment Analysis

As social media becomes an important platform for organizations to use to interact with users, the ability to understand user opinions in social media communications has gained increased attention. One of the most popular approaches for exploring user opinions is sentiment analysis, which employs natural language processing, statistics, or machine learning to extract the sentiment of a text unit in terms of positive or negative attitudes. However, the effectiveness, interpretation, and accuracy of sentiment analysis rely heavily on the context in which it is conducted. In this paper, we investigate three sentiment analysis techniques for Twitter use by governments with their citizens, including a lexicon based approach, a machine learning based approach, and a hybrid approach. Our results reveal that, while each technique is developed based upon different rationales, the results are statistically robust and comparable. The study provides new insights into sentiment analysis in the context of government uses of social media.
Atmospheric pressure plasma jet for liquid spray treatment

Atmospheric pressure plasma jets have been intensively studied in recent years due to growing interest in their use for biomedical applications and surface treatments. Either surfaces can be treated by a plasma jet afterglow for cleaning or activation or a material can be deposited by a reactive gas component activated by plasma. Effects of plasma on liquid have been reported several times where the electron spin trapping method was used for radical detection. Here we propose another method of liquid treatment using the atmospheric pressure plasma jet. In the device presented here, liquid was sprayed in droplets from an inner electrode directly into a plasma jet where it was treated and sprayed out by gas flow. Optical end electrical measurements were done for diagnostics of the plasma while electron paramagnetic resonance measurements were used for detection of radicals produced by plasma treatment of liquids.
Technology engagement and privacy: A cluster analysis of reported social network use among transport survey respondents

New technologies are constantly being researched and developed to improve the sense of security of transport users. However, security technologies could also pose their own risks with regard to transport users' privacy through the potential for data collection and storage. Transport, in particular, allows the data collector potential access to information on the users' habits through the location information that could be collected during an individual's interaction with technology during their travels. Some technologies, such as personal security apps (which essentially turn a smartphone into a type of panic alarm) also allow for the linking of the security technology and social networking apps. Given this link and the extent to which personal data, including location data, can be included in an individual's social networking account, it was decided to investigate if the use of social networks could be related to individuals' opinions on the use of their data through new technologies, such as personal security apps. This paper presents an exploration of the possibility of grouping respondents to a transport survey (N 469) based on their answers to questions on their social networking (SNS) use. It was hypothesised that if distinct groups exist within the SNS data, then they could be used as a supplementary personal variable for underlying privacy concerns and levels of engagement with technology in future transport studies. This would be in addition to the socio demographic information collected in the survey. This paper presents the initial dimension reduction of the response variables to create composite variables. That is followed by the exploratory clustering of responses using two step cluster analysis. Finally, the paper discusses the hypothesis testing of the resultant clusters against the socio demographic responses to ascertain if additional information is provided by the clustering results. The transport survey responses were collected in Ireland, and a subset of responses, from the Greater Dublin Area, were used for the analysis in this paper. The results demonstrate that there is scope for this type of method to be used when researching new security technologies in transport.
Impact of skill development training among rural women for entrepreneurship development

The concept of women entrepreneur is becoming a global phenomena today. The rural women entrepreneur may be either an individual or a group and can be viewed from various angles such as economical, social and culture. "The international center for research on women" estimates that 36 percent of third world's small entrepreneur are women. Entrepreneurship is suitable for women and it is possible to do work, when she has free time. A self employed women is gaining better status and it enables her to take decision in her family affairs. The present study was undertaken with objective to develop an intervention package for skill development, to impart training among rural women for entrepreneurship development and to assess the effectiveness of training. A purposive random sample of 30 respondents was selected from Griva Tehsil of village Badgaon, Udaipur district of Rajasthan Skill training was imparted at their own village. Self developed skill assessment test and rating scale was used. The major findings of the investigation revealed that majority of respondents belonged to the age group of 20 30, slightly more than half of respondents income ranges between Rs. 5,000 10,000/ month and belonged to medium socio economic status. The five value added jute article selected by the respondents were belt, phone mat, book holder, photo frame and jute painting out of list of 20 jute article for training. Eight days skill development training programme was organized and demonstration method was used. The result obtained by skill assessment test revealed that all the women fall under the category of excellent skill development category the feedback of the whole training was found to be very fruitful and had applicability for entrepreneurship development. It was also found that rural women were eager to adopt the jute as an enterprise.
Seepage flow behaviors of multi stage fractured horizontal wells in arbitrary shaped shale gas reservoirs

The horizontal well incorporated with massive hydraulic fracturing has become a key and necessary technology to develop shale gas reservoirs efficiently, and transient pressure analysis is a practical method to evaluate the effectiveness of the fracturing. Until now, however, the related studies on the pressure of such wells have mainly focused on regular outer boundaries, such as infinite, circular and rectangular boundary shapes, which do not always fulfill the practical conditions and, of course, could cause errors. By extending the boundary element method (BEM) into the application of multi staged fractured horizontal wells, this paper presents a way of analyzing the transient pressure in arbitrary shaped shale gas reservoirs considering ad /de sorption and diffusion of the shale gas with the 'tri porosity' mechanism model. The boundary integral equation can be obtained by coupling the fundamental solution of the Helmholtz equation with the dimensionless diffusivity equation. After discretizing the outer boundaries and the fractures, the boundary integral equations are linearized and the coefficient matrix of the pressure on the boundaries is assembled, after which bottom hole pressure can be calculated conveniently. Comparing the BEM solution with semi analytical solution cases, the accuracy of the new solution can be validated. Then, the characteristic curves of the dimensionless pseudo pressure, as well as its derivative for a well in shale gas reservoirs, are drawn, based on which the parameters' sensitivity analyses are also conducted. This paper not only enriches the well testing theory and method in shale gas reservoirs, but also provides an effective method to solve problems with complex inner and outer boundaries.
Trust and reliability for next generation routers
Venue: MILCOM 2016 2016 IEEE Military Communications Conference

To support the flexibility and the different protocol operations and applications provided by today's internet, modern routers rely on high performance reliable general purpose multi core packet processing systems. Such processing systems are programmable and have replaced the traditional fixed logic hardware in the data path of such routers. This programmability introduces a lot of vulnerabilities and faults which make such systems susceptible to attacks and failures. Particularly, it is a difficult task to detect whether a processing core behaves correctly or it has a failure resulting from errors or attacks. In this paper, we address this problem by proposing a novel approach to verify the correct operation of the network processor. We propose a secure, fault tolerant and reliable monitoring subsystem which functions in parallel with the processing core of the router and aids in the detection of attacks. We show that our system has the ability to detect the failure and restore securely the router's operation to a different, but functionally equivalent state.
Universal Health Coverage The Critical Importance of Global Solidarity and Good Governance; Comment on 'Ethical Perspective: Five Unacceptable Trade Offs on the Path to Universal Health Coverage'
Venue: International journal of health policy and management

This article provides a commentary to Ole Norheim' s editorial entitled "Ethical perspective: Five unacceptable trade offs on the path to universal health coverage." It reinforces its message that an inclusive, participatory process is essential for ethical decision making and underlines the crucial importance of good governance in setting fair priorities in healthcare. Solidarity on both national and international levels is needed to make progress towards the goal of universal health coverage (UHC)
Straight acting: gay pornography, heterosexuality, and hegemonic masculinity

ABSTRACTThis article explores how the gay adult film industry may contribute to conceptualizations of masculinity and sexuality. Content analysis of a popular gay adult film company's website, which features 'str8' films, provides an exemplary case through which I explore the construction of heterosexuality within the context of same sex acts, and the relative desire and eroticization of heterosexuality. Findings indicate that straight performers' profiles contain significantly more masculine markers, while profiles of gay performers are depicted as more feminine and subordinate. Further, data indicate a correlation between masculinity and consumer rating, and through the co constitution of heterosexuality and masculinity may legitimate hierarchical gender relations.
Influence of the Tendering Mechanism in the Performance of Public Private Partnerships: A Transaction Cost Approach

This article develops a theoretical model, based primarily on transaction costs, with which to compare the various tendering mechanisms for public private partnership (PPP) projects. In particular, the model contrasts negotiated procedures with the open procedure, as defined by current European Union legislation on public tendering. The model includes both ex ante transaction costs (borne during the tendering stage) and ex post transaction costs (such as enforcement costs, renegotiation costs, and costs arising from litigation between partners) and explains the trade off between them. The bottom line is that it is difficult to justify the extensive use of negotiated procedures in many countries.
Transaction Cost Thresholds in International Rice Markets

Recent episodes of high and volatile prices for grains such as rice have raised concerns about their implications for hunger and poverty. We model price relationships between international rice prices and 221 domestic prices in 47 developing countries that import rice. We use a threshold vector error correction model that accounts for transaction costs of trade in spatial price transmission, and an improved regularised Bayesian threshold estimator for threshold models. Our results show that threshold values are higher after 2008 than before, which suggests that transaction costs in international rice trade have increased in recent years. Threshold values are highest for Latin American countries followed by African and Asian countries, and higher for retail than for wholesale prices. Since 2008, price transmission is slower in countries that responded to high and volatile prices with domestic market based interventions such as price controls and faster in countries that responded by lowering tariffs and by implementing production support measures.
Exploring students' computational practice, design and performance of problem solving through a visual programming environment
Venue: Comput. Educ.

This study aims to advocate that a visual programming environment offering graphical items and states of a computational problem could be helpful in supporting programming learning with computational problem solving. A visual problem solving environment for programming learning was developed, and 158 college students were conducted in a computational problem solving activity. The students' activities of designing, composing, and testing solutions were recorded by log data for later analysis. To initially unveil the students' practice and strategies exhibited in the visual problem solving environment, this study proposed several indicators to quantitatively represent students' computational practice (Sequence, Selection, Simple iteration, Nested iteration, and Testing) computational design (Problem decomposition, Abutment composition, and Nesting composition) and computational performance (Goal attainment and Program size) By the method of cluster analysis, some empirical patterns regarding the students' programming learning with computational problem solving were identified. Furthermore, comparisons of computational design and computational performance among the different patterns of computational practice were conducted. Considering the relations of students' computational practice to computational design and performance, evidence based suggestions on the design of supportive programming environments for novice programmers are discussed. A visual problem solving environment was proposed to support programming learning.Students exhibited different patterns of computational practice in the environment.Patterns of computational practice were correlated with computational design and performance.
Levels of Organic Compounds, Number of Microorganisms and Cadmium Accumulation in Festuca ovina Hydroponic Culture.
Venue: Polish journal of microbiology

Understanding the microbiological, biochemical and physiological aspects of phytoremediation of soil and water environments polluted to different degrees with heavy metals has very important theoretical and practical implications. In this study, a comparison was made between total cadmium concentration in root and shoot tissues as well as concentrations of particular fractions of Cd immobilized by roots of Festuca ovina (Sheep's fescue) hydroponically cultivated in nutrient solutions supplemented with 1 mg Cd ml 1 and those cultivated at 10 mg Cd ml 1. After three weeks of F. ovina cultivation, the number of bacterial CFU and the amounts of organic chelators, siderophores, proteins and reducing sugars in the growth medium and on the root surface were higher at 10 than at 1 mg Cd ml 1. The grass also reacted to the high Cd concentration by a decrease in plant growth and dehydrogenase activity in root tissues. The concentration of Cd determined in fractions bound with different strength in roots was significantly dependent on Cd concentration in the growth medium. When the plants were grown at 1 mg Cd ml 1, 9% of the immobilized cadmium was loosely bound to the root surface, 20% was exchangeable adsorbed, and 28% was bound by chelation; at 10 mg Cd ml 1, the respective values were 12% 25% and 20% About 43% of the immobilized cadmium remained in roots after sequential extraction, and bioaccumulation factors in shoots had the same values independently of Cd concentra tion. At both Cd concentrations, the cadmium translocation index for F. ovina was low 1) which is why this grass can be recommended for phytostabilization of the metal under study.
Fast decay of covariances under \delta $pinning in the critical and supercritical membrane model

We consider the membrane model, that is the centered Gaussian field on \mathbb Z^d$ whose covariance matrix is given by the inverse of the discrete Bilaplacian. We impose a \delta $pinning condition, giving a reward of strength \varepsilon$ for the field to be $0$ at any site of the lattice. In this paper we prove that in dimensions $d\geq 4$ covariances of the pinned field decay at least stretched exponentially, as opposed to the field without pinning, where the decay is polynomial in $d\geq 5$ and logarithmic in $d=4. The proof is based on estimates for certain discrete Sobolev norms, and on a Bernoulli domination result.
Torsional Rigidity for Regions with a Brownian Boundary

Let Tm be the m dimensional unit torus, m N. The torsional rigidity of an open set O Tm is the integral with respect to Lebesgue measure over all starting points x O of the expected lifetime in O of a Brownian motion starting at x. In this paper we consider O Tm\b[0, t] the complement of the path ss[0, t] of an independent Brownian motion up to time t. We compute the leading order asymptotic behaviour of the expectation of the torsional rigidity in the limit as t For m 2 the main contribution comes from the components in T2\b0, t] whose inradius is comparable to the largest inradius, while for m 3 most of T3\b[0, t] contributes. A similar result holds for m 4 after the Brownian path is replaced by a shrinking Wiener sausage Wr(t)[0, t] of radius r(t) o(t 1/(m 2) provided the shrinking is slow enough to ensure that the torsional rigidity tends to zero. Asymptotic properties of the capacity of ss[0, t] in R3 and W1[0, t] in Rm, m 4, play a central role throughout the paper. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the geometry of the complement of Brownian motion on Tm, which has received a lot of attention in the literature in past years.
Ancient stone masonry constructions

A very large part of the vernacular built heritage consists of masonry buildings. This heritage needs to be protected and enhanced as it participates in preserving the cultural identity of a community and contributes to extending the value of stone resources for sustainable and eco friendly new buildings. In this chapter, the masonry construction is analyzed at different scale levels: compositional and mechanical characterizations of materials, descriptions of wall types, mechanical performance of masonry structures, environmental performance of masonry constructions, and innovative applications in modern architecture.
A Model level Mutation Tool to Support the Assessment of the Test Case Quality
Venue: ISD

Although mutation testing is a well known technique for assessing the quality of tests, there is not a lot of support available for model level mutation analysis. It is also considered to be expensive due to: (i) the large number of mutants generated; (ii) the time consuming activity of determining equivalent mutants; and (iii) the mutant execution time. It should also be remembered that real software artefacts of appropriate size including real faults are hard to find and prepare appropriately. In this paper we propose a mutation tool to generate valid First Order Mutants (FOM) for Conceptual Schemas (CS) based on UML Class Diagrams and evaluate its effectiveness and efficiency in generating valid and non equivalent mutants. Our main findings were: (1) FOM mutation operators can be automated to avoiding non valid mutants (49.1% (2) Fewer equivalent mutants were generated (7.2% and 74.3% were reduced by analysing the CS static structure in six subject CSs.
Blending traditional and digital marketing

It is a matter of fact that we are in the digital era and internet marketing and social media have a significant impact on the way consumers behave, companies do business and it is a must for companies to adapt to the new reality. Due to the fast evolution of the technology, the continuous increase in demand and supply, the supply chain elongation and the big amount of date, the only solution to face the major changes is the automation of all the processes. But even though the new era of communication is here, specialist suggest that companies should not ignore traditional methods, and to try to blend digital marketing with traditional campaigns in order to achieve their goals.  digital marketing, traditional marketing, inbound marketing
PROCESS CAPABILITY INDICES AS FUZZY NUMBERS

Most of the traditional methods for assessing the capability of manufacturing processes are dealing with crisp quality. In this paper we discuss the fuzzy quality and introduce fuzzy process capability indices, where instead of precise quality we have two membership functions for specification limits. These indices are necessary when the specification limits are fuzzy and they are helpful for comparing manufacturing processes with fuzzy specification limits. Some interesting relations among the introduced indices are obtained. Numerical examples are given to clarify the method.
The design of a new repetitive sampling control chart based on process capability index

Control charts are widely used to monitor manufacturing processes for a deterioration in stability. We propose repetitive group sampling control charts based on the process capability index Cpk for monitoring process average when the quality characteristic follows a normal distribution. The performance of the repetitive Cpk control chart is reported and compared with the existing control chart in terms of the average run length. It is found that the proposed control chart is effective for quickly detecting small shifts in the process mean.
A new process capability index for multiple quality characteristics based on principal components

This paper presents a new multivariate process capability index (MPCI) which is based on the principal component analysis (PCA) and is dependent on a parameter which can take on any real number. This MPCI generalises some existing multivariate indices based on PCA proposed by several authors when or One of the key contributions of this paper is to show that there is a direct correspondence between this MPCI and process yield for a unique value of This result is used to establish a relationship between the capability status of the process and to show that under some mild conditions, the estimators of this MPCI is consistent and converge to a normal distribution. This is then applied to perform tests of statistical hypotheses and in determining sample sizes. Several numerical examples are presented with the objective of illustrating the procedures and demonstrating how they can be applied to determine the viability and capacity of different manufacturing processes.