nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Managing innovation in the bioeconomy an open innovation perspective

The transition towards a bioeconomy is increasingly viewed by both policy makers and scholars as one of the primary ways to reduce our dependency on fossil resources. However, socio economic research on the transition towards the bioeconomy at the firm level remains scarce. Specifically, studies approaching the bioeconomy from the technology and innovation management (TIM) concepts are particularly uncommon, although the importance of knowledge generation and innovation is considered crucial to make the transition towards a greener economy. In this study, we take a first step in addressing this issue by developing a set of guiding principles for the management of innovation processes in the bioeconomy comprised in three key issues: the relevant stakeholder groups and their importance in innovation development within the bioeconomy, the innovation network strategy and management, and organizational features considered prerequisites for collaborative innovation. This called for an identification of influencing factors specific to the bioeconomy context and the establishment of basic characteristics of innovation processes in the bioeconomy. The five identified influencing factors, the basic innovation process characteristics, and the guidelines and recommendations presented in this paper are based on insights derived from a four staged literature research of the bioeconomy and TIM literature. In particular, we focused on the Open Innovation approach because of the evident fit between this approach and the requirements for innovation in the bioeconomy.
Viewing WIL in business schools through a new lens: Moving to the edge of chaos with complexity theory

Employers require well rounded work ready graduates with the skills to adapt to a contemporary workplace. Australian universities are responding to these needs through the implementation of Work integrated Learning (WIL) programs aimed at providing students with the necessary skills, knowledge and attributes employers seek. This paper describes a study of Work integrated Learning programs in the Human Resource Management (HRM) discipline at a number of Australian business schools. Exploratory interviews were undertaken with a range of stakeholders and examined within a complexity theory lens. The findings suggest that WIL is viewed as a threat to the role of higher education rather than an opportunity. There is increased interdependence and vulnerability within universities and as universities struggle for resources to respond to uncertainties in their ecosystem, they are being forced into making short term changes rather than co evolving with their environment. By looking at the connectedness and evolutionary properties of the universities involved in the study, a number of recommendations are suggested to encourage universities to move to the edge of chaos, where a university's full potential can be realized. Complexity theory provides a new way for viewing the intricacies of higher education course development and provides an argument for universities to create enabling conditions to co evolve with the ever changing and complex world we live in.
Celecoxib enhanced the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin in chemo resistant gastric cancer xenograft mouse models through a cyclooxygenase 2 dependent manner.
Venue: European journal of pharmacology

Our previous study suggested that co administration of celecoxib increased chemo sensitivity of multidrug resistant human gastric cancer SGC 7901/DDP cells to cisplatin (DDP) in vitro. The present study was designed to investigate whether celecoxib had the similar activities in vivo. SGC 7901/DDP and SGC 7901 xenograft mouse models were established. At the end of the experiment, cisplatin treatment alone significantly inhibited tumor growth in SGC 7901 xenograft, as compared with that in SGC 7901/DDP xenograft, suggesting that it maintained cisplatin sensitivity. When cisplatin and celecoxib were co administrated, their antitumor activities were augmented in SGC 7901/DDP xenograft. The levels of Ki67 and PCNA after combination therapy were significantly decreased in SGC 7901/DDP xenograft, as compared with those of cisplatin treatment alone. Moreover, examining the apoptotic index by TUNEL assay showed similar results. Further studies demonstrated the inhibitory effect of celecoxib on cyclooxygenase 2 and P glycoprotein expression was the possible reason to increase sensitivity of SGC 7901/DDP cells to cisplatin in vivo. However, the ratio of thromboxane B2 and prostaglandin F1a was elevated after celecoxib treatment in mice. This has been proposed to increase the risk of thrombogenesis. Further studies are required to evaluate the efficacy and safety of celecoxib for reducing chemo resistance in gastric cancer.
Considering agro ecosystems as ecological funds for collective design: New perspectives for environmental policy

Enhancing agro ecosystem sustainability raises difficult challenges for environmental policy: it requires both increasing knowledge on these complex systems to design effective solutions and coordinating stakeholders with diverging interests. However, most existing environmental policies consider ecosystems' desirable properties as given, leading ecosystem managers to favor "turnkey" solutions. How could public policy better support local collective initiatives aiming at reconciling agriculture and the environment? This paper presents an empirical case study from western France, in which a partnership between an agricultural cooperative and an ecological research center resulted in a collective design initiative. We conceptually model this initiative drawing upon recent design theories and Georgescu Roegen's 'fund flow' model, defining 'ecological funds' as the starting point of a collective design process. The results highlight the importance of developing policy instruments that can better support local innovation processes through greater democratization. Adopting a design approach to sustainable agricultural landscape management could be particularly fruitful in situations where collective action is necessary but where there is no common good recognized as such, and no existing community identified.
Collective design of an e textbook: teachers' collective documentation

In this study, we investigated design processes in teacher collectives, which have been made possible by new "digital" opportunities: platforms, discussion lists, etc. The object of our study is the French Sesamath teacher association and its design of a grade 10 e textbook, more precisely the design of the "functions" chapter. We analysed it with two theoretical lenses: the documentational approach and cultural historical activity theory. We studied the activity system of a community of teachers designing an e textbook. At macro level, we observed a change of objects of the activities: from designing a "toolkit" for mathematics teachers; to interactive exercises; and finally to a more "classical e textbook" At micro level, we analysed the development of collective documents by the community, combining resources and schemes.
Social Capital, Trust, and Firm Performance: The Value of Corporate Social Responsibility during the Financial Crisis

During the 2008 2009 financial crisis, firms with high social capital, measured as corporate social responsibility (CSR) intensity, had stock returns that were four to seven percentage points higher than firms with low social capital. High CSR firms also experienced higher profitability, growth, and sales per employee relative to low CSR firms, and they raised more debt. This evidence suggests that the trust between the firm and both its stakeholders and investors, built through investments in social capital, pays off when the overall level of trust in corporations and markets suffers a negative shock.
Sleep deprivation causes memory deficits by negatively impacting neuronal connectivity in hippocampal area CA1
Venue: eLife

Brief periods of sleep loss have long lasting consequences such as impaired memory consolidation. Structural changes in synaptic connectivity have been proposed as a substrate of memory storage. Here, we examine the impact of brief periods of sleep deprivation on dendritic structure. In mice, we find that five hours of sleep deprivation decreases dendritic spine numbers selectively in hippocampal area CA1 and increased activity of the filamentous actin severing protein cofilin. Recovery sleep normalizes these structural alterations. Suppression of cofilin function prevents spine loss, deficits in hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and impairments in long term memory caused by sleep deprivation. The elevated cofilin activity is caused by cAMP degrading phosphodiesterase 4A5 (PDE4A5) which hampers cAMP PKA LIMK signaling. Attenuating PDE4A5 function prevents changes in cAMP PKA LIMK cofilin signaling and cognitive deficits associated with sleep deprivation. Our work demonstrates the necessity of an intact cAMP PDE4 PKA LIMK cofilin activation signaling pathway for sleep deprivation induced memory disruption and reduction in hippocampal spine density.
Paradoxical Sleep Deprivation Causes Cardiac Dysfunction and the Impairment Is Attenuated by Resistance Training
Venue: PloS one

Paradoxical sleep deprivation activates the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis, subsequently interfering with the cardiovascular system. The beneficial effects of resistance training are related to hemodynamic, metabolic and hormonal homeostasis. We hypothesized that resistance training can prevent the cardiac remodeling and dysfunction caused by paradoxical sleep deprivation.  Male Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: control (C) resistance training (RT) paradoxical sleep deprivation for 96 hours (PSD96) and both resistance training and sleep deprivation (RT/PSD96) Doppler echocardiograms, hemodynamics measurements, cardiac histomorphometry, hormonal profile and molecular analysis were evaluated.  Compared to the C group, PSD96 group had a higher left ventricular systolic pressure, heart rate and left atrium index. In contrast, the left ventricle systolic area and the left ventricle cavity diameter were reduced in the PSD96 group. Hypertrophy and fibrosis were also observed. Along with these alterations, reduced levels of serum testosterone and insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF 1) as well as increased corticosterone and angiotensin II, were observed in the PSD96 group. Prophylactic resistance training attenuated most of these changes, except angiotensin II, fibrosis, heart rate and concentric remodeling of left ventricle, confirmed by the increased of NFATc3 and GATA 4, proteins involved in the pathologic cardiac hypertrophy pathway.  Resistance training effectively attenuates cardiac dysfunction and hormonal imbalance induced by paradoxical sleep deprivation.
Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Hypoglycemia Induced Cognitive Impairment and Recovery in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Venue: Diabetes Care

To ascertain whether hypoglycemia in association with sleep deprivation causes greater cognitive dysfunction than hypoglycemia alone and protracts cognitive recovery after normoglycemia is restored.  Fourteen adults with type 1 diabetes underwent a hyperinsulinemic, hypoglycemic clamp on two separate occasions. Before one glucose clamp, the participants stayed awake overnight to induce sleep deprivation. Participants were randomized and counterbalanced to the experimental condition. Cognitive function tests were performed before and during hypoglycemia and for 90 min after restoration of normoglycemia.  Cognitive impairment during hypoglycemia did not differ significantly between the sleep deprived and non sleep deprived conditions. However, in the sleep deprived state, digit symbol substitution scores and choice reaction times were significantly poorer during recovery (P 0.001) and hypoglycemia symptom scores were significantly higher (P 0.001) even when symptoms that may have been caused by sleep deprivation, such as tiredness, were removed.  Hypoglycemia per se produced a significant decrement in cognitive function; coexisting sleep deprivation did not have an additive effect. However, after restoration of normoglycemia, preceding sleep deprivation was associated with persistence of hypoglycemic symptoms and greater and more prolonged cognitive dysfunction during the recovery period.
How Effective Is Road Mitigation at Reducing Road Kill? A Meta Analysis
Venue: PloS one

Road traffic kills hundreds of millions of animals every year, posing a critical threat to the populations of many species. To address this problem there are more than forty types of road mitigation measures available that aim to reduce wildlife mortality on roads (road kill) For road planners, deciding on what mitigation method to use has been problematic because there is little good information about the relative effectiveness of these measures in reducing road kill, and the costs of these measures vary greatly. We conducted a meta analysis using data from 50 studies that quantified the relationship between road kill and a mitigation measure designed to reduce road kill. Overall, mitigation measures reduce road kill by 40% compared to controls. Fences, with or without crossing structures, reduce road kill by 54% We found no detectable effect on road kill of crossing structures without fencing. We found that comparatively expensive mitigation measures reduce large mammal road kill much more than inexpensive measures. For example, the combination of fencing and crossing structures led to an 83% reduction in road kill of large mammals, compared to a 57% reduction for animal detection systems, and only a 1% for wildlife reflectors. We suggest that inexpensive measures such as reflectors should not be used until and unless their effectiveness is tested using a high quality experimental approach. Our meta analysis also highlights the fact that there are insufficient data to answer many of the most pressing questions that road planners ask about the effectiveness of road mitigation measures, such as whether other less common mitigation measures (e.g. measures to reduce traffic volume and/or speed) reduce road mortality, or to what extent the attributes of crossing structures and fences influence their effectiveness. To improve evaluations of mitigation effectiveness, studies should incorporate data collection before the mitigation is applied, and we recommend a minimum study duration of four years for Before After, and a minimum of either four years or four sites for Before After Control Impact designs.
The Lexical Status of the Root in Processing Morphologically Complex Words in Arabic

This study investigated the effects of the Arabic root in the visual word recognition process among young readers in order to explore its role in reading acquisition and its development within the structure of the Arabic mental lexicon. We examined cross modal priming of words that were derived from the same root of the target /murattabun/ /tarti:bun/well ordered order) relative to prime words that included three letters of the target but not root letters /tura:bun/ /tarti:bun/soil order) in two elementary school age groups: second grade and fifth grade. The results showed facilitation in lexical decisions about target words, suggesting that the root is a lexical unit that plays a crucial role in the processing and representation of Arabic from the early stages of written language acquisition. This issue may stem from the morpho orthographic nature of the written Arabic word and/or from the semantic information conveyed from the roots' morpheme.
Commoditized Workers. Case Study Research on Labour Law Issues Arising from a Set of 'On Demand/Gig Economy' Platforms

In the framework of the so called "sharing economy" the number of on demand companies matching labour supply and demand is on the rise. These schemes may enlarge opportunities for people willing to find a job or to top up their salaries. Despite the upsides of creating new peer marketplaces, these platforms may also be used to circumvent employment regulation, by operating informally in traditionally regulated markets.Literature showed how, by 2009, over 2 million worker accounts had been generated within these frameworks. Productivity may be fostered but, at the same time, a new version of Taylorism is disseminated (i.e. the fragmentation of labour into hyper temporary jobs they call them microtasks on a virtual assembly line) strengthened by globalisation and computerisation. All these intermediaries recruit freelance or casual workers (these continue to be independent contractors even though many indicators seem to reveal a disguised employment relationship).Uncertainty and insecurity are the price for extreme flexibility. A noteworthy volume of business risk is shifted to workers, and potential costs as benefits or unemployment insurance are avoided. Minimum wages are often far from being reached.This paper will present a case study analysis of several "on demand work" platforms, starting from the Amazon Mechanical Turk, one of the first schemes founded in 2005, which is arguably "employing humans as a service" It splits a single service in several micro "Human Intelligence Tasks" (such as tagging photographs, writing short descriptions, transcribing podcasts, processing raw data) "Turkers/Providers" (workers) are selected by "Requesters" to rapidly accomplish assignments online, are then rated according to an internal system and are finally paid (also in gaming credits) only if delivery is accepted. After having signed up and worked within some platforms, I comment upon TaskRabbit (thousands people on the service who bid to do simple manual tasks) Handy and Wonolo (personal assistance at a local level) oDesk and Freelancer (online staffing) Uber and Lyft (peer to peer ridesharing) Airbnb (hosting service) InnoCentive (engineering solutions) Axiom (legal research or service) BitWine (consultancy).Finally I highlight downsides and upsides of work in these platforms by studying terms of service or participation agreements to which both parties have to agree. I look into several key features such as (i) means of exchange/commodities, (ii) systems of payment, (iii) demographics, (iv) legal issues concerning status and statutory protection of workers, indicators of subordination, treatment of sickness, benefits and overtime, potential dispute resolution, and deprived "moral valence of work" and I discuss potential strategies to address these issues.
Two Families of H(div) Mixed Finite Elements on Quadrilaterals of Minimal Dimension
Venue: SIAM J. Numer. Anal.

We develop two families of mixed finite elements on quadrilateral meshes for approximating \mathbf u},p) solving a second order elliptic equation in mixed form. Standard Raviart Thomas (RT) and Brezzi Douglas Marini (BDM) elements are defined on rectangles and extended to quadrilaterals using the Piola transform, which are well known to lose optimal approximation of \nabla\cdot{\mathbf u} Arnold Boffi Falk spaces rectify the problem by increasing the dimension of RT, so that approximation is maintained after Piola mapping. Our two families of finite elements are uniformly inf sup stable, achieve optimal rates of convergence, and have minimal dimension. The elements for \mathbf u} are constructed from vector polynomials defined directly on the quadrilaterals, rather than being transformed from a reference rectangle by the Piola mapping, and then supplemented by two (one for the lowest order) basis functions that are Piola mapped. One family has full $H(div) approximation \mathbf u} $p$
An energy momentum consistent method for transient simulations with mixed finite elements developed in the framework of geometrically exact shells

In this paper, a mixed variational formulation for the development of energy momentum consistent (EMC) time stepping schemes is proposed. The approach accommodates mixed finite elements based on a Hu Washizu type variational formulation in terms of displacements, Green Lagrangian strains, and conjugated stresses. The proposed discretization in time of the mixed variational formulation under consideration yields an EMC scheme in a natural way. The newly developed methodology is applied to a high performance mixed shell finite element. The previously observed robustness of the mixed finite element formulation in equilibrium iterations extends to the transient regime because of the EMC discretization in time.
Topology optimization with mixed finite elements on regular grids

Recently, new families of mixed finite elements have been proposed to address the analysis of linear elastic bodies on regular grids adopting a limited number of degrees of freedom per element. A two dimensional mixed discretization is implemented to formulate an alternative topology optimization problem where stresses play the role of main variables and both compressible and incompressible materials can be dealt with. The structural compliance is computed through the evaluation of the complementary energy, whereas the enforcement of stress constraints is straightforward. Numerical simulations investigate the features of the proposed approach: comparisons with a conventional displacement based scheme are provided for compressible materials; stress constrained solutions for structures made of incompressible media are introduced.
YAGO: A Multilingual Knowledge Base from Wikipedia, Wordnet, and Geonames
Venue: SEMWEB

YAGO is a large knowledge base that is built automatically from Wikipedia, WordNet and GeoNames. The project combines information from Wikipedias in 10 different languages into a coherent whole, thus giving the knowledge a multilingual dimension. It also attaches spatial and temporal information to many facts, and thus allows the user to query the data over space and time. YAGO focuses on extraction quality and achieves a manually evaluated precision of 95 In this paper, we explain how YAGO is built from its sources, how its quality is evaluated, how a user can access it, and how other projects utilize it.
Prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among operation room staff at a Tertiary Care Center, Makkah, Saudi Arabia: a cross sectional study
Venue: Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

BackgroundLow Back Pain (LBP) is the commonest musculoskeletal disorder and an important occupational hazard among healthcare workers (HCWs) that peaks among Operating Room (OR) staff. This cross sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of low back pain among operating room (OR) staff in a tertiary healthcare center in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. 39 item self administered questionnaire was distributed to all available OR staff. Data about personal, sociodemographic, general risk factors OR specific risky activities, and LBP characteristics were obtained. Descriptive, crosstabs, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression tests were employed.ResultsOut of the 143 distributed questionnaires, 84 were received. LBP prevalence was 74.2 No statistically significant associations were detected between LBP and any of the general risk factors (p >0.05) However, most of the OR risky activities were significantly associated with the occurrence of LBP (p <0.05) e.g. lifting objects above the waist, rotating torso while bearing weight, transferring patients onto bed or chair, pulling a patient up the bed, and repositioning a patient in bed. These significant associations were preserved after adjustment for gender, perceived stress at work, educational level, and receiving education about LBP. Rest and analgesics were reported to be the most common relievers.ConclusionsLBP is a common health issue among KAMC OR staff. OR risky activities were found to contribute to this problem. We suggest designing educational interventional programs to teach OR staff the best way to prevent this problem.