nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The primary physical education curriculum process: more complex that you might think!

In this paper, we present the curriculum development process as a complex, iterative and integrated phenomenon. Building on the early work of Stenhouse [1975, An Introduction to Curriculum Research and Development.  Educational] we position the teacher at the heart of this process and extend his ideas by exploring how complexity thinking and ecological perspectives have helped us frame the curriculum process as self organising, emergent, recursive and interactive. As such, we present a curriculum approach that recognises the need for teachers to concurrently develop appropriate knowledge and understanding of the learners they work with, the environment in which they work and the capacity to design learning tasks appropriate for this context. We discuss how the complexity principles of similarity and diversity offer a frame of reference to design learning tasks that bring connectedness and coherence to the primary physical education experiences of children and teachers. However, in line with Stenhouse, our ideas are not presented as a 'package of materials or a syllabus of ground to be covered' but as a complex and ecological learning process that is more 'a hypothesis testable in practice' and an invitation for critical evaluation 'rather than acceptance'
Authentic learning tasks within physical education teacher education redesigning the curriculum

Teaching PE requires an integrated set of knowledge, skills and attitudes and for optimal development students should be exposed to various meaningful learning situations. However, the current School of Sport Studies PETE curriculum seems to be suboptimal due to compartmentalization and fragmentation of knowledge, skills and attitudes, thereby hindering optimal transfer of what is learnt in PETE to what is done in the field. In addition, the PE profession is subject to continuous change (e.g. PE as an examinable subject, PE teachers as liaison officers between school, community and sport clubs) while there is also an increasing demand for reflective practice and life long learning. Altogether, this has prompted a rigorous redesign of the PETE curriculum. The curriculum redesign process was based on the principles of the four component instructional design (4C ID) model (Van Merrienboer, Clark, Croock, 2002) Central in this approach are authentic learning tasks: situations that emerge from the actual PE profession. First, a skill hierarchy was created that served as a foundation for further curriculum design. Second, a blueprint was worked out, providing a global thematic overview of the four year curriculum. Then, education was worked out in detail through the design of authentic learning tasks. The design process has resulted in a more coherent curriculum in which authentic learning tasks form the backbone and in which knowledge, skills and attitudes are optimally integrated. The 4C ID model provides a promising starting point for curriculum (re)design for PETE. Within this presentation an overview of the curriculum will be provided and the suitability of the 4C ID model as well as various organizational and educational challenges are discussed.
"I'll See You Again in 25 Years" Paratextually Re commodifying and Revisiting Anniversary Twin Peaks

Twin Peaks has often been considered as a work of art(house) TV (see, e.g. Lavery, "The Semiotics of Cobbler" and "Twin Peaks," as well as K. Thompson and R. J. Thompson) but its status as a hyped and promoted commodity has been somewhat less well explored. This is something I will address here in relation to Twin Peaks's pa ratexts as part of the show's ongoing commodification, and especially its re commodification at anniversary moments. Paratextual analysis (Genette) is something that has grown in relation to film/TV studies since the 2010 publication of Jonathan Gray's Show Sold Separately. Official paratexts are the bits of publicity material that circulate around a text, but they can also include extratextual special features on a DVD or Blu ray release, as well as audience created content like fanfic that helps to carve "alternative pathways through texts" (Gray, Show Sold Separately 143) Gray notes that "some texts claim more paratexts than others, with. cult texts often sporting sizeable posses" Show Sold Separately 114) and Twin Peaks certainly accords with this. Indeed, a focus on paratexts has formed one fraction of scholarly work on the show. For example, Jim Collins has analyzed how: The media blitz that surrounded the premiere of Twin Peaks is. a textbook example of the skillful manipulation of. discourses of cultural legitimation. The full page ad that appeared in The New York Times the day the pilot premiered (6 April 1990) is a case in point. In bold, oversized letters we are told: "Twin Peaks the series that will change TV," according to Connoisseur magazine. Two evaluative criteria are reiterated throughout the glowing reviews quoted in the ad a romantic modernist glorification of originality and the shock of the new it produces, and an all purpose notion of connoisseurship.
Pathobiology of Cardiovascular Diseases: Past, Present and Future Perspectives (CVP 25th Anniversary Special Review Article) The electrical heart: 25 years of discovery in cardiac electrophysiology, arrhythmias and sudden death

article i nfo This review summarizes progress in the fields of cardiac electrophysiology, arrhythmias and sudden death made in the 25 year interval between 1992 and 2016 during which time Cardiovascular Pathology has been published. Organized along clinical lines, it considers the major heart rhythm disorders underlying atrial, atrioventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. There is a strong focus on the remarkable advances in understanding the genetic basis for cardiac rhythm disturbances and elucidating fundamental mechanisms of abnormal conduction and impulse formation. During this 25 year period, our understanding of how altered tissue structure (classical pathology) contributes to arrhythmias and sudden death has undergone continuous refinementas new insights have beengainedaboutarrhythmiamechanisms and thedynamicinterplay between anatomic substrates and triggers of the major heart rhythm disorders.
Frequency (Occurrence) and seasonal variation of bacterial species on the external surface of non biting flies in Egypt

The feeding and reproductive habits of non biting synathropic flies such as house flies and blow flies make them important mechanical vectors of pathogenic bacteria to human. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify bacteria found in natural association with adults of Musac domestica, Chrysomya albiceps, Sarcophaga carnaria and Lucilia sericata collected from different habitats (garbage and carrion) in different seasons of the year. The results indicated that 8 bacterial species were isolated from the external surface of M. domestica collected from carrion, while 7 bacterial species were isolated from flies collected from garbage: 5 bacterial species were found in autumn 2014, 4 bacterial species were found in winter season, 2015, 3 species were found in spring2015 and 4 species were found in summer 2015. Most of bacteria species isolated from the external surface of C. albiceps were found on flies collected from carrion; 2 4 3 and 2 bacterial species were found on flies tested in autumn 2014, winter, spring and summer 2015; respectively. The bacteria species; Staphylococcus lentus and Staphylococcus sciuri had the highest frequency on the flies tested. Four different bacterial species were identified on the external body surface of S. carnaria in autumn 2014; the most frequent bacteria species isolated were Staphylococcus spp. Three different bacterial species were identified on the external body surface of L. sericata in autumn 2014; the most frequent bacteria species was Staphylococcus spp.
A Multiple Target Localization with Sparse Information in Wireless Sensor Networks
Venue: Int. J. Distributed Sens. Networks

It is a great challenge for wireless sensor network to provide enough information for targets localization due to the limits on application environment and its nature, such as energy, communication, and sensing precision. In this paper, a multiple targets localization algorithm with sparse information (MTLSI) was proposed using compressive sensing theory, which can provide targets position with incomplete or sparse localization information. It does not depend on extra hardware measurements. Only targets number detected by sensors is needed in the algorithm. The monitoring region was divided into a plurality of small grids. Sensors and targets are randomly dropped in grids. Targets position information is defined as a sparse vector; the number of targets detected by sensor nodes is expressed as the product of measurement matrix, sparse matrix, and sparse vector in compressive sensing theory. Targets are localized with the sparse signal reconstruction. In order to investigate MTLSI performance, BP and OMP are applied to recover targets localization. Simulation results show that MTLSI can provide satisfied targets localization in wireless sensor networks application with less data bits transmission compared to multiple targets localization using compressive sensing based on received signal strengths (MTLCS RSS) which has the same computation complexity as MTLIS.
Sociology in the Era of Big Data: The Ascent of Forensic Social Science

The rise of big data data that are not only large and massively multivariate but concern a dizzying array of phenomena represents a watershed moment for the social sciences. These data have created demand for new methods that reduce/simplify the dimensionality of data, identify novel patterns and relations, and predict outcomes, from computational ethnography and computational linguistics to network science, machine learning, and in situ experiments. Such developments have led scholars to begin new lines of social inquiry. Company engineers, computer scientists, and social scientists have all converged on big data, creating the possibility of a vibrant "trading zone" for collaboration. However, strong differences in research frameworks help explain why big data may not be an egalitarian trading zone across fields, but rather at least in the short term a moment when engineering colonizes sociology more than vice versa. In the long term, however, we suggest there may be the possibility of a constructive synthesis across paradigms in what we term 'forensic social science.
Trends in Social Science: The Impact of Computational and Simulative Models

This paper discusses current progress in the computational social sciences. Specifically, it examines the following questions: Are the computational social sciences exhibiting positive or negative developments? What are the roles of agent based models and simulation (ABM) network analysis, and other "computational" methods within this dynamic? (Conte, The necessity of intelligent agents in social simulation, Advances in Complex Systems, 3(01n04) 19 38, 2000; Conte 2010; Macy, Annual Review of Sociology, 143 166, 2002) Are there objective indicators of scientific growth that can be applied to different scientific areas, allowing for comparison among them? In this paper, some answers to these questions are presented and discussed. In particular, comparisons among different disciplines in the social and computational sciences are shown, taking into account their respective growth trends in the number of publication citations over the last few decades (culled from Google Scholar) After a short discussion of the methodology adopted, results of keyword based queries are presented, unveiling some unexpected local impacts of simulation on the takeoff of traditionally poorly productive disciplines.
VTA dopaminergic neurons regulate ethologically relevant sleep wake behaviors
Venue: Nature Neuroscience

Dopaminergic ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons are critically involved in a variety of behaviors that rely on heightened arousal, but whether they directly and causally control the generation and maintenance of wakefulness is unknown. We recorded calcium activity using fiber photometry in freely behaving mice and found arousal state dependent alterations in VTA dopaminergic neurons. We used chemogenetic and optogenetic manipulations together with polysomnographic recordings to demonstrate that VTA dopaminergic neurons are necessary for arousal and that their inhibition suppresses wakefulness, even in the face of ethologically relevant salient stimuli. Nevertheless, before inducing sleep, inhibition of VTA dopaminergic neurons promoted goal directed and sleep related nesting behavior. Optogenetic stimulation, in contrast, initiated and maintained wakefulness and suppressed sleep and sleep related nesting behavior. We further found that different projections of VTA dopaminergic neurons differentially modulate arousal. Collectively, our findings uncover a fundamental role for VTA dopaminergic circuitry in the maintenance of the awake state and ethologically relevant sleep related behaviors.
The Perils of Using Aggregate Data in Real Exchange Rate Estimations

The rate of mean reversion in a country's real exchange rate (RER) is a key indicator to consider when discussing exchange rate policies in any country. In practice, this rate known as the half life is commonly calculated using price aggregates, such as the consumer price index (CPI) I demonstrate that using a CPI to estimate the RER mostly yields higher persistence estimates than a RER based on the disaggregated formula suggested by PPP theory. Using a novel dataset with a daily frequency of price collection and an identical set of products from multiple countries, I find that the half life for a RER derived from price aggregates is on average 37% higher than a RER generated from product level information. Until now estimates suggested that the rate of mean reversion was unreasonably slow, ranging from a minimum of 2 to 5 years. The sample used in this paper indicates that this rate is in fact typically less than 1 year. The dataset has been gathered from online sources and includes food, fuel, and electronic products.
When can we detect human respiration with commodity wifi devices?
Venue: UbiComp Adjunct

Recent research has demonstrated the feasibility of detecting human respiration rate non intrusively using commodity WiFi devices. However, it is not always possible to sense human respiration when a subject is in different locations or faces different orientations. In this demo, we will show how a centimeter scale position change affects the respiration detection performance. Counter intuitively, when a subject is moving closer to the LoS, the performance of respiration sensing is not always getting better. In fact, the detectable and undetectable regions are determined by the Fresnel zone model based theory developed in
Human respiration detection with commodity wifi devices: do user location and body orientation matter?
Venue: UbiComp

Recent research has demonstrated the feasibility of detecting human respiration rate non intrusively leveraging commodity WiFi devices. However, is it always possible to sense human respiration no matter where the subject stays and faces? What affects human respiration sensing and what's the theory behind? In this paper, we first introduce the Fresnel model in free space, then verify the Fresnel model for WiFi radio propagation in indoor environment. Leveraging the Fresnel model and WiFi radio propagation properties derived, we investigate the impact of human respiration on the receiving RF signals and develop the theory to relate one's breathing depth, location and orientation to the detectability of respiration. With the developed theory, not only when and why human respiration is detectable using WiFi devices become clear, it also sheds lights on understanding the physical limit and foundation of WiFi based sensing systems. Intensive evaluations validate the developed theory and case studies demonstrate how to apply the theory to the respiration monitoring system design.
Viscosity adjusted estimation of pressure head and pump flow with quasi pulsatile modulation of rotary blood pump for a total artificial heart
Venue: Journal of Artificial Organs

Estimation of pressure and flow has been an important subject for developing implantable artificial hearts. To realize real time viscosity adjusted estimation of pressure head and pump flow for a total artificial heart, we propose the table estimation method with quasi pulsatile modulation of rotary blood pump in which systolic high flow and diastolic low flow phased are generated. The table estimation method utilizes three kinds of tables: viscosity, pressure and flow tables. Viscosity is estimated from the characteristic that differential value in motor speed between systolic and diastolic phases varies depending on viscosity. Potential of this estimation method was investigated using mock circulation system. Glycerin solution diluted with salty water was used to adjust viscosity of fluid. In verification of this method using continuous flow data, fairly good estimation could be possible when differential pulse width modulation (PWM) value of the motor between systolic and diastolic phases was high. In estimation under quasi pulsatile condition, inertia correction was provided and fairly good estimation was possible when the differential PWM value was high, which was not different from the verification results using continuous flow data. In the experiment of real time estimation applying moving average method to the estimated viscosity, fair estimation could be possible when the differential PWM value was high, showing that real time viscosity adjusted estimation of pressure head and pump flow would be possible with this novel estimation method when the differential PWM value would be set high.
From the RDP to the NDP: A Critical Appraisal of the Developmental State, Land Reform, and Rural Development in South Africa

After decades of neoliberal rule in which market forces held pre eminence in shaping development, there has in recent years been a resurgence of an activist developmental state in promoting economic development and tackling poverty and inequality. This article explores the resurgence of developmental state thinking in South Africa. Specifically, the article critically appraises the functioning of the post apartheid state as it relates to land reform and rural development and argues that a weak bureaucracy and a policy fixation on the neoliberal willing buyer, willing seller policy framework militates against the promotion of a thorough going land reform and rural development programme to promote rural livelihoods. We argue that South Africa needs a developmental state that will construct a skilled and competent bureaucracy, a centralised planning agency with the power to coordinate and ensure that government departments work together, and that will actively intervene in the economy to meet developmental objectives.
Breaking bad: avoiding the 10 worst IT admin habits
Venue: Netw. Secur.

Most experienced system administrators have faced the problem of sorting out an inherited IT infrastructure at least once and have been unsatisfied with the work of a predecessor. It may take a long time to understand the reasons why IT systems are sometimes poorly managed, but this is a reality you have to accept.It's easy to fall into bad habits when administering networks, and the chaos they cause can leave your systems vulnerable to attack.Michael Fimin of Netwrix outlines the most common issues that may hinder organisations from optimising their operations or even fall victim to security incidents. By avoiding the worst pitfalls, administrators can ensure their environments are as robust as possible against outside attack and everyday issues.
North American megadroughts in the Common Era: reconstructions and simulations

During the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) Western North America experienced episodes of intense aridity that persisted for multiple decades or longer. These megadroughts are well documented in many proxy records, but the causal mechanisms are poorly understood. General circulation models (GCMs) simulate megadroughts, but do not reproduce the temporal clustering of events during the MCA, suggesting they are not caused by the time history of volcanic or solar forcing. Instead, GCMs generate megadroughts through (1) internal atmospheric variability, (2) sea surface temperatures, and (3) land surface and dust aerosol feedbacks. While no hypothesis has been definitively rejected, and no GCM has accurately reproduced all features (e.g. timing, duration, and extent) of any specific megadrought, their persistence suggests a role for processes that impart memory to the climate system (land surface and ocean dynamics) Over the 21st century, GCMs project an increase in the risk of megadrought occurrence through greenhouse gas forced reductions in precipitation and increases in evaporative demand. This drying is robust across models and multiple drought indicators, but major uncertainties still need to be resolved. These include the potential moderation of vegetation evaporative losses at higher atmospheric [CO2] variations in land surface model complexity, and decadal to multidecadal modes of natural climate variability that could delay or advance onset of aridification over the the next several decades. Because future droughts will arise from both natural variability and greenhouse gas forced trends in hydroclimate, improving our understanding of the natural drivers of persistent multidecadal megadroughts should be a major research priority.
Reconfigurable and Tunable S Shaped Split Ring Resonators and Application in Band Notched UWB Antennas
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation

This paper proposes a compact reconfigurable (bandstop/bandpass) and frequency tunable structure based on S shaped split ring resonators (S SRRs) It is known that an S SRR coupled to a coplanar waveguide (CPW) provides a stopband in the transmission characteristic of the line. It is shown here that this behavior of the S SRR can be switched between fundamental resonance and second harmonic response by introduction of a p i n diode in the center segment of the S SRR. Alternatively, if the S SRR is loaded with a varactor diode instead of a switch, the frequency of the stopband can be continuously tuned from the S SRRs fundamental resonance frequency to its second harmonic. Furthermore, it is shown that if a pair of shunt p i n diodes are introduced across the slots of the host CPW, the structure can be reconfigured from a bandstop to a bandpass structure. Thus, the proposed resonator structure can be used as the building block of reconfigurable (bandstop/bandpass) filters with tunable operating frequency. Finally, to demonstrate a practical application of the proposed structure, an ultrawideband antenna with a tunable band notch is designed and experimentally validated.