nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Local Development and Environmental Governance: A Strategic Planning Experience

The emphasis on learning and adaptation among different actors at various political administrative levels and on various geographic scales has become a precondition for the emergence of sustainable development. It is possible to find the essential form of collaborative management by using a Strategic Plan, designed to determine a local model of sustainable competitiveness in economic, social and environmental terms. The adoption of a Strategic Plan stimulates a process of shared knowledge, through which it is possible to generate a new environmental governance (EG) that is truly representative of a local system. This paper presents, as a case study representative of the Italian context, the Strategic Plan of the Nebrodi area (SP) and assesses the structure of a new form of public and private environmental governance focused on sustainable concern. Finally, the SP could be considered a guideline for managing the local territorial and environmental system from a long term perspective.
Beyond Talking Heads: Multimedia Artifact Creation, Use, and Sharing in Distributed Meetings
Venue: CSCW

Distributed meetings can be messy, particularly when the task requires collaboration around multimedia artifacts. Teams must not only share a variety of materials related to the work in real time, but also need to refer back to information after a meeting ends. While video tools make it relatively easy to have conversations at a distance, they are less adept at sharing and archiving multimedia content. We conducted a survey of and interviews with members of distributed teams to investigate how they create, use, and share multimedia content before, during, and after distributed meetings. Our findings shed light on decisions made and rationales used in selecting technologies to prepare for, conduct, and archive the results of a video mediated distributed meeting. The results suggest a need for flexible interfaces for information sharing in multiple meeting contexts so content can be both easily referred to in the moment and also found again later.
Differences in Innovative Behavior Among Hospital Based Registered Nurses
Venue: The Journal of nursing administration

The 2010 Institute of Medicine report, 'The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health' advocated for nurses to innovate in their practice, research, and education. However, little is known about the innovative behavior of registered nurses or whether there are differences in innovative behavior among registered nurses.  The purpose of this article is to describe the innovative behavior of hospital based registered nurses and understand the differences in innovative behavior when registered nurses are categorized into various demographic groups.  A survey of 251 hospital based registered nurses from 9 hospitals in California was administered to assess demographic characteristics and innovative behavior, measured through Scott and Bruce's Individual Innovative Behavior Scale.  Hospital based registered nurses, on average, reported moderate levels of innovative behavior. There were statistically significant differences in innovative behavior when registered nurses were categorized according to specialty certification, role, level of education, hospital size, and hospital innovativeness.  To support innovative behavior, organizations should provide opportunities for specialty certification and increasing levels of education.
The impact of person organization fit on innovative work behavior: the mediating effect of knowledge sharing behavior.
Venue: International journal of health care quality assurance

The direct relationship between person organization (P O) fit and employee's positive work attitudes and behaviours have been well researched. However, there has been no study on the impact of P O fit on innovative work behaviour (IWB) of the nurses. The purpose of this paper is to fill this gap in the literature. In order to give a complete understanding of the psychology surrounding P O fit, this study has longitudinally analysed the relationship between P O fit and IWB along with the impact of a potential mediator, i.e. knowledge sharing behaviour (KSB) on this relationship.  A total of 357 nurses and 71 doctors from three government hospitals of Thailand filled out the questionnaires. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the relationships.  Results of the study indicate that a nurse's P O fit is positively associated with both self and doctor ratings of innovative behaviours; and KSB acts as a partial mediator between P O fit and IWB at both Times 1 and 2. These results imply that a nurse's perceived fit in the hospital impacts his/her engagement into IWB. As nurses share knowledge with their co workers frequently, it tends to strengthen the relationship between P O fit and IWB.  Study findings begin to explain how P O fit impacts IWB of nurses. Specifically, the author find that KSB explains the relationship between P O fit and IWB.
Innovative Self Regulation Strategies to Reduce Weight Gain in Young Adults: The Study of Novel Approaches to Weight Gain Prevention (SNAP) Randomized Clinical Trial.
Venue: JAMA internal medicine

Weight gain occurs commonly in young adults and has adverse effects on health.  To compare 2 self regulation interventions vs control in reducing weight gain in young adults over a mean follow up of 3 years.  Randomized clinical trial in 2 academic settings of 599 participants aged 18 to 35 years with body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) of 21.0 to 30.0, recruited via mailings and emails from August 2010 to February 2012. Data were analyzed from January 2015 to January 2016.  Participants were randomized to control, self regulation plus small changes, or self regulation plus large changes. Both interventions focused on frequent self weighing to cue behavior changes. "Small changes" taught participants to reduce intake and increase activity, both by approximately 100 calories per day. "Large changes" focused on losing 2.3 to 4.5 kg initially to buffer against expected weight gain.  Changes in weight from baseline over mean follow up of 3 years. Secondary outcomes included proportion gaining at least 0.45 kg from baseline, proportion developing obesity (BMI, =30.0) and weight change baseline to 2 years.  Among the 599 participants (22% men; 27% minority; mean [SD] age, 27.7 [4.4] years; mean [SD] BMI, 25.4 [2.6] mean (SE) weight changes over a mean follow up of 3 years were 0.26 (0.22) 0.56 (0.22) and 2.37 (0.22) kg in the control, small changes, and large changes groups, respectively (P .001) Differences among all 3 groups were significant (large changes vs control, P .001; small changes vs control, P .02; large changes vs small changes, P .001) On secondary outcomes, both interventions significantly reduced incidence of obesity relative to control (mean [SE] 8.6% [2.0% 7.9% [2.0% and 16.9% [2.7% in the large changes, small changes, and control groups, respectively; P .02 for large changes vs control and P .002 for small changes vs control) a smaller percentage of participants in the large changes group gained 0.45 kg or more (mean [SE] 23.6% [2.8% 32.5% [3.8% and 40.8% [4.4% respectively; P .001 vs control and P .02 vs small changes) and weight change from baseline to 2 years was greater in control than in small or large changes (mean [SE] 0.54 [0.33] 0.77 [0.33] and 1.50 [0.34] kg, respectively; P .02 vs small changes and P .001 vs large changes) CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Self regulation with large or small changes both reduced weight gain in young adults over 3 years relative to control, but the large changes intervention was more effective.
Metamaterial enhanced vibrational absorption spectroscopy for the detection of protein molecules
Venue: Scientific reports

From visible to mid infrared frequencies, molecular sensing has been a major successful application of plasmonics because of the enormous enhancement of the surface electromagnetic nearfield associated with the induced collective motion of surface free carriers excited by the probe light. However, in the lower energy terahertz (THz) region, sensing by detecting molecular vibrations is still challenging because of low sensitivity, complicated spectral features, and relatively little accumulated knowledge of molecules. Here, we report the use of a micron scale thin slab metamaterial (MM) architecture, which functions as an amplifier for enhancing the absorption signal of the THz vibration of an ultrathin adsorbed layer of large organic molecules. We examined bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a prototype large protein molecule and Rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) and 3,3' diethylthiatricarbocyanine iodide (DTTCI) as examples of small molecules. Among them, our MM significantly magnified only the signal strength of bulky BSA. On the other hand, DTTCI and Rh6G are inactive, as they lack low frequency vibrational modes in this frequency region. The results obtained here clearly demonstrate the promise of MM enhanced absorption spectroscopy in the THz region for detection and structural monitoring of large biomolecules such as proteins or pathogenic enzymes.
The DEAD box Protein Rok1 Orchestrates 40S and 60S Ribosome Assembly by Promoting the Release of Rrp5 from Pre 40S Ribosomes to Allow for 60S Maturation
Venue: PLoS biology

DEAD box proteins are ubiquitous regulators of RNA biology. While commonly dubbed "helicases," their activities also include duplex annealing, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) dependent RNA binding, and RNA protein complex remodeling. Rok1, an essential DEAD box protein, and its cofactor Rrp5 are required for ribosome assembly. Here, we use in vivo and in vitro biochemical analyses to demonstrate that ATP bound Rok1, but not adenosine diphosphate (ADP) bound Rok1, stabilizes Rrp5 binding to 40S ribosomes. Interconversion between these two forms by ATP hydrolysis is required for release of Rrp5 from pre 40S ribosomes in vivo, thereby allowing Rrp5 to carry out its role in 60S subunit assembly. Furthermore, our data also strongly suggest that the previously described accumulation of snR30 upon Rok1 inactivation arises because Rrp5 release is blocked and implicate a previously undescribed interaction between Rrp5 and the DEAD box protein Has1 in mediating snR30 accumulation when Rrp5 release from pre 40S subunits is blocked.
A Frequency Based Hierarchical Fast Search Block Matching Algorithm for Fast Video Communication

Numerous fast search block motion estimation algorithms have been developed to circumvent the high computational cost required by the full search algorithm. These techniques however often converge to a local minimum, which makes them subject to noise and matching errors. Hence, many spatial domain block matching algorithms have been developed in literature. These algorithms exploit the high correlation that exists between pixels inside each frame block. However, with the block transformed frequencies, block matching can be used to test the similarities between a subset of selected frequencies that correctly identify each block uniquely; therefore fewer comparisons are performed resulting in a considerable reduction in complexity. In this work, a two level hierarchical fast search motion estimation algorithm is proposed in the frequency domain. This algorithm incorporates a novel search pattern at the top level of the hierarchy. The proposed hierarchical method for motion estimation not only produces consistent motion vectors within each large object, but also accurately estimates the motion of small objects with a substantial reduction in complexity when compared to other benchmark algorithms.
Challenging concussed athletes: the future of balance assessment in concussion.
Venue: QJM monthly journal of the Association of Physicians

The assessment and management of sports related concussion has become a contentious issue in the field of sports medicine. The current consensus in concussion evaluation involves the use of a subjective examination, supported by multifactorial assessment batteries designed to target the various components of cerebral function. Balance assessment forms an important component of this multifactorial assessment, as it can provide an insight into the function of the sensorimotor subsystems post concussion. In recent times, there has been a call to develop objective clinical assessments that can aid in the assessment and monitoring of concussion. However, traditional static balance assessments are derived from neurologically impaired populations, are subjective in nature, do not adequately challenge high functioning athletes and may not be capable of detecting subtle balance disturbances following a concussive event. In this review, we provide an overview of the importance of assessing motor function following a concussion, and the challenges facing clinicians in its assessment and monitoring. Additionally, we discuss the limitations of the current clinical methods employed in balance assessment, the role of technology in improving the objectivity of traditional assessments, and the potential role inexpensive portable technology may play in providing objective measures of more challenging dynamic tasks.
Do Leadership Training and Development Make a Difference in the Public Sector? A Panel Study

Although significant progress has been made in developing leadership theory and understanding the traits, skills, behaviors, and styles that make a good leader, progress in bridging the gap between theory and practice using models of leadership training and development has been slow. This research attempts to answer the question of whether leadership training and development programs in the public sector improve leader and organizational performance. The findings indicate that a combination of coaching, classroom instruction, feedback, and experiential training has a significant impact on leader performance. In addition, organizational effectiveness improves for organizations whose leaders received the intervention. This article enhances our understanding of the impact that training and development can have on leader and organizational outcomes.
Why Leadership Training Fails and What to Do about It

U.S. corporations spend enormous amounts of money some $356 billion globally in 2015 alone on employee training and education, but they aren't getting a good return on their investment. People soon revert to old ways of doing things, and company performance doesn't improve. To fix these problems, senior executives and their HR departments should change the way they think about learning and development: Because context is crucial, needed fixes in organizational design and managerial processes must come first. The authors have identified six common barriers to change: (1) unclear direction on strategy and values, which often leads to conflicting priorities; (2) senior executives who don't work as a team and haven't committed to a new direction or acknowledged necessary changes in their own behavior; (3) a top down or laissez faire style by the leader, which prevents honest conversation about problems; (4) a lack of coordination across businesses, functions, or regions due to poor organizational design; (5) inadequate leadership time and attention given to talent issues; and (6) employees' fears of telling the senior team about obstacles to the organization's effectiveness. They advocate six basic steps to overcoming these barriers and achieving greater success in talent development.  THROWING OUT FLAWED ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT CAPABILITY DEVELOPMENT.
Leadership training for undergraduate medical students.
Venue: Leadership in health services

Physicians play an important leadership role in the management and governance of the healthcare system. Yet, many physicians lack formal management and leadership training to prepare them for this challenging role. This Viewpoint article argues that leadership concepts need to be introduced to undergraduate medical students early and throughout their medical education.  Leadership is an integral part of medical practice. The recent inclusion of "Leader" competency in the CanMEDS 2015 represents a subtle but important shift from the previous "manager" competency. Providing medical students with the basics of leadership concepts early in their medical education allows them to integrate leadership principles into their professional practice.  The Faculty of Medicine at the Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN) has developed an eight module, fully online Physician Leadership Certificate for their undergraduate medical education program. This program is cited as an example of an undergraduate medical curriculum that offers leadership training throughout the 4 years of the MD program.  There are a number of continuing professional development opportunities for physicians in the area of management and leadership. This Viewpoint article challenges undergraduate medical education programs to develop and integrate leadership training in their curricula.
Methods and methodologies in second language writing research

A considerable variety of methods have been used to understand the complex, multifaceted nature of L2 writing. Often driven by pedagogical imperatives and informed by particular views of writing, texts and writers, these methods themselves raise questions regarding what we believe writing is and about our interpretive practices. With increasing numbers of teachers and scholars turning to investigate writing in their classrooms or courses of further study, it may be helpful to be aware of what options are available for studying writing and how these relate to key methodological designs. More than this, however, it is important to be aware of what our choices imply about our understanding of what writing is and how it can be known. In this paper I set out the main approaches to studying writing for novice researchers, providing examples of key studies, and go on to situate these methods within the main theories about writing arguing that methods are not neutral options but allow us to see certain things but not others. They do not just tell us different things about writing but reveal what we believe writing to be.
A Dynamic Ensemble for Second Language Research: Putting Complexity Theory Into Practice

In this article, we introduce a template of methodological considerations, termed 'the dynamic ensemble, for scholars doing or evaluating empirical second language development (SLD) research within a complexity/dynamic systems theory (CDST) framework. Given that CDST principles have yielded significant insight into SLD and have become central to the concerns of applied linguists in many domains, we propose the need for a practical blueprint to ensure compatibility between its theoretical tenets and empirical SLD research designs. Building on 'complexity thought modeling' (Larsen Freeman Cameron, we present a practical catalog of 9 considerations intended to inform research design at multiple stages. We contextualize the 9 considerations of the dynamic ensemble by discussing how these have been framed and addressed within one previous CDST study. Finally, we address the issue of what practical implementation of this dynamic ensemble would entail and introduce several case based methods for building off of the considerations in our dynamic ensemble. We hope that this user guide will help orient researchers interested in working within a complexity framework and spur continued methodological discussion in the field.
A Robust Heart Rate Monitoring Scheme Using Photoplethysmographic Signals Corrupted by Intense Motion Artifacts
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering

Although photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals can monitor heart rate (HR) quite conveniently in hospital environments, trying to incorporate them during fitness programs poses a great challenge, since in these cases, the signals are heavily corrupted by motion artifacts.  In this paper, we present a novel signal processing framework which utilizes two channel PPG signals and estimates HR in two stages. The first stage eliminates any chances of a runaway error by resorting to an absolute criterion condition based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition. This stage enables the algorithm to depend very little on the previously estimated HR values and to discard the need of an initial resting phase. The second stage, on the other hand, increases the algorithm's robustness against offtrack errors by using recursive least squares filters complemented with an additional novel technique, namely time domain extraction.  Using this framework, an average absolute error of 1.02 beat per minute (BPM) and standard deviation of 1.79 BPM are recorded for 12 subjects performing a run with peak velocities reaching as high as 15 km/h.  The performance of this algorithm is found to be better than the other recently reported algorithms in this field such as TROIKA and JOSS.  This method is expected to greatly facilitate the presently available wearable gadgets in HR computation during various physical activities.
Signs of social change on the bodies of youth: tattoos in Korea

The Korean word for tattoo is munshin, meaning 'letters engraved on the body' Munshins could only be seen on Korean gangsters just a few decades ago, but today, increasingly more young Korean people are getting fashionable tattoos like a butterfly or a cross on easily visible parts of their body. The aim of this article is to examine the changing tattoo culture in Korea and find out what it reveals about Korean society, South Korean attitudes about individualism, globalization and modernity, and how these attitudes are related to local and global issues. Based on discourse analysis, field research and interviews, the results indicate that tattoos on the bodies of Korean youth are a fashion statement, expression of self and signs of social change. As the country develops economically and makes further global advancements, Korean society is changing towards expression of individuality, a higher interest in appearance and stronger competition.