nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Canadian qualitative study exploring the diversity of the experience of family caregivers of older adults with multiple chronic conditions using a social location perspective
Venue: International Journal for Equity in Health

BackgroundA little studied issue in the provision of care at home by informal caregivers is the increase in older adult patients with chronic illness, and more specifically, multiple chronic conditions (MCC) We know little about the caregiving experience for this population, particularly as it is affected by social location, which refers to either a group's or individual's place/location in society at a given time, based on their intersecting demographics (age, gender, education, race, immigration status, geography, etc. We have yet to fully comprehend the combined influence of these intersecting axes on caregivers' health and wellbeing, and attempt to do this by using an intersectionality approach in answering the following research question: How does social location influence the experience of family caregivers of older adults with MCC?MethodsThe data presented herein is a thematic analysis of a qualitative sub set of a large two province study conducted using a repeated measures embedded mixed method design. A survey sub set of 20 survey participants per province (n 40 total) were invited to participate in a semi structured interview. In the first stage of data analysis, Charmaz's (2006) Constructivist Grounded Theory Method (CGTM) was used to develop initial codes, focused codes, categories and descriptive themes. In the second and the third stages of analysis, intersectionality was used to develop final analytical themes.ResultsThe following four themes describe the overall study findings: (1) Caregiving Trajectory, where three caregiving phases were identified; (2) Work, Family, and Caregiving, where the impact of caregiving was discussed on other areas of caregivers' lives; (3) Personal and Structural Determinants of Caregiving, where caregiving sustainability and coping were deliberated, and; (4) Finding Meaning/Self in Caregiving, where meaning making was highlighted.ConclusionsThe intersectionality approach presented a number of axes of diversity as comparatively more important than others; these included gender, age, education, employment status, ethnicity, and degree of social connectedness. This can inform caregiver policy and programs to sustain health and well being.
Consumers and Carer perspectives on poor practice and the use of seclusion and restraint in mental health settings: results from Australian focus groups
Venue: International Journal of Mental Health Systems

BackgroundSeclusion and restraint are interventions currently permitted for use in mental health services to control or manage a person's behaviour. In Australia, serious concerns about the use of such seclusion and restraint have been raised at least since 1993. Consumers and their supporters have also expressed strong views about the harm of these practices. This paper presents the results of ten focus group discussions with people with lived experience of mental health issues and also carers, family members and support persons in relation to the use of seclusion and restraint.MethodsThe 30 consumers and 36 supporters participating in the focus groups convened in four Australian cities and one regional centre discussed their understandings of the use of seclusion and restraint and its impact on the people involved. Participants also presented their observations about poor practice and what contributes to it as well as providing ideas and recommendations regarding strategies to reduce or eliminate seclusion and restraint. Focus group discussions were recorded and transcribed, then analysed using the NVivo 10 qualitative data analysis software with a general inductive approach used to analyse data. This analysis enabled consideration of the responses to key questions in the focus groups as well as the identification of emerging themes.ResultsSix themes emerged from the analysis, these being: human rights, trauma, control, isolation, dehumanisation and 'othering' and anti recovery. Examples of poor practice identified by focus groups included the use of excessive force, lack of empathy/paternalistic attitudes, lack of communication and interaction and a lack of alternative strategies to the use of seclusion and restraint. There was a confluence of factors identified by participants as contributing to poor practice, with the main factors being organisational culture, the physical environment, under resourced mental health services and fear and stigma.ConclusionsFocus group participants in the main viewed seclusion and restraint practices in mental health settings as unnecessarily overused, exacerbating problems for individuals, carers, staff and the broader system of care. This study highlights that lived experience of both consumers and their supporters can make an important contribution to mental health services and its ongoing reform.
Transgender Veterans and the Veterans Health Administration: Exploring the Experiences of Transgender Veterans in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System
Venue: Transgender health

The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has provided transgender transition related care to veterans since 2011. However, little is known about the experiences of transgender veteran patients accessing transgender transition related healthcare at Veterans Affairs (VA) clinics since the establishment of this care. The purpose of this study was to explore transgender veterans' experiences accessing and utilizing transition related healthcare through the VA healthcare system.  Eleven transgender veterans were recruited using in person recruitment at the 2013 Southern Comfort Conference (Atlanta, GA) In depth semistructured interviews were conducted with participants using a qualitative inquiry methodological perspective and experience centered approach. Interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were coded by two independent researchers using ATLAS.ti.(c)  Five inter related themes were identified as key factors impacting the accessibility and quality of care transgender veterans receive through the VA: (1) long delays in receiving care; (2) needing to travel to receive care; (3) lack of patient knowledge regarding the coverage of transition related care; (4) insensitivity, harassment, and violence among providers; and (5) a general lack of knowledge about transgender patients and care among providers.  To our knowledge, this study is one of the first to explore the experiences of transgender veterans in accessing and utilizing transgender transition related care at the VA after the 2011 VHA directive. Our findings suggest that although transgender healthcare coverage is available, additional patient centered and healthcare system level interventions are needed to improve the uptake and implementation of the VHA transgender protections and care coverage.
The Laws of Globalization and Business Applications

The Laws of Globalization and Business Applications employs a variety of empirical methodologies to establish two broad regularities that apply to international activity at the firm, industry, and country levels the law of semiglobalization and the law of distance and explores some of their implications for business. Part I presents evidence in support of the law of semiglobalization at the country and the business levels historically and up to the present. Part II performs an analogous function regarding the second law of globalization, showing that the gravity models that international economists have used to analyze merchandise trade between countries also apply to other types of international interactions and at the industry and firm levels as well. Part III applies these laws to various challenges and opportunities that distance along various dimensions presents to multinational firms. A free online appendix provides additional data, analysis, and documentation to support research applications.
Handbook of Research on Impacts of International Business and Political Affairs on the Global Economy

The growth of global commerce depends on many different factors and strategies in order for multinational corporations to efficiently compete and thrive in the international marketplace. In addition to business strategies, corporations must also be aware of political affairs that may impact their global economic status. The Handbook of Research on Impacts of International Business and Political Affairs on the Global Economy features dual perspectives on the business and political viewpoints for nations striving to maintain their economic standing in the era of globalization. Providing insight into various economic factors impacting global businesses and international affairs, this publication is a critical reference source for students, policymakers, international diplomats, researchers, scholars, and practitioners interested in financial challenges in the era of globalization.
The effect on the job satisfaction organization, performance of employees commitment, and service performance

The purpose of this study analyzes the effect of job satisfaction on organizational commitment and performance of employees as well as the performance of health centerservices in Kalimantan Timur. This research uses Structural Equation Model (SEM) with PLS Software for data processing. Data were collected from employees on the front line health center in Kalimantan Timur. The unit of analysis used in this research are health centers in Kalimantan Timur region is represented by three cities each district namely; Samarinda, Kutai, and Balikpapan each city district 10 health centers so that the total sample was 30 health centers. The result of the study found that job satisfaction had significant positive effect on organizational commitment; job satisfaction did not havesignificanteffecttoinfluence on employee performance; job satisfaction did nothave significantly affect the performance of the services; organizational commitmentdid nothave significant effect on employee performance; organizational commitment did not have significant effect on the servicesperformance; andthe performance of employees did not have significant effect on the servicesperformance Keywords: job satisfaction, organizational commitment and performance of employees and service performance
Multistage coupling of independent laser plasma accelerators
Venue: Nature

Laser plasma accelerators (LPAs) are capable of accelerating charged particles to very high energies in very compact structures. In theory, therefore, they offer advantages over conventional, large scale particle accelerators. However, the energy gain in a single stage LPA can be limited by laser diffraction, dephasing, electron beam loading and laser energy depletion. The problem of laser diffraction can be addressed by using laser pulse guiding and preformed plasma waveguides to maintain the required laser intensity over distances of many Rayleigh lengths; dephasing can be mitigated by longitudinal tailoring of the plasma density; and beam loading can be controlled by proper shaping of the electron beam. To increase the beam energy further, it is necessary to tackle the problem of the depletion of laser energy, by sequencing the accelerator into stages, each powered by a separate laser pulse. Here, we present results from an experiment that demonstrates such staging. Two LPA stages were coupled over a short distance (as is needed to preserve the average acceleration gradient) by a plasma mirror. Stable electron beams from a first LPA were focused to a twenty micrometre radius by a discharge capillary based active plasma lens into a second LPA, such that the beams interacted with the wakefield excited by a separate laser. Staged acceleration by the wakefield of the second stage is detected via an energy gain of 100 megaelectronvolts for a subset of the electron beam. Changing the arrival time of the electron beam with respect to the second stage laser pulse allowed us to reconstruct the temporal wakefield structure and to determine the plasma density. Our results indicate that the fundamental limitation to energy gain presented by laser depletion can be overcome by using staged acceleration, suggesting a way of reaching the electron energies required for collider applications.
Multivariate adaptive community detection in Twitter
Venue: Int. J. Big Data Intell.

In this paper, we present and apply a generic approach for multivariate community detection from Twitter data. The multivariate nature of social media communication in general provides for multidimensional interaction patterns, from which we were able to analyse different similarity and interaction patterns between the users, and construct multiple distance matrices based on them. The developed distance matrices facilitate the application of traditional network centric community detection techniques, to identify users clusters. The paper also incorporates an adaptive technique for classifying new content to the already detected communities, based on Bayesian classification, approaching the issues of dynamicity and evolution in social media. Using a dataset of UK political tweets, we evaluate the factors affecting the quality of the detected communities. We also investigate how the accuracy of the classifier is affected by the dynamicity of the network evolution and the time elapsed between community detection and classifier application.
Game theory based spectrum sharing for QoS provisioning in heterogeneous networks
Venue: 2016 5th International Conference on Informatics, Electronics and Vision (ICIEV)

In this fifth generation era, interference management as well as ensuring better Quality of Service (QoS) is an immense concern for the service providing operators. With a view to improving the efficacy and flexibility of mobile communications future generation networks will confide on autonomous and distributed architectures. In this prospect game theory comes up with the hypothetical but ideal framework for modelling efficient and robust algorithms. In this paper, we propose a game theory based algorithm along with self optimizing power control scheme and thus resolve prioritized access issue with the concept of primary and secondary users being applied. Investigation for the existence of pure strategy Nash equilibrium (NE) has been traversed and in the end we conclude that, our proposed algorithm can be adopted in the modern wireless networks for reduction of interference as well as revenue increment of the service providing operators ensuring optimal price for consumers.
RFID and Sensor Network Automation in the Food Industry: Ensuring Quality and Safety through Supply Chain Visibility

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a key technology in the food industry that facilitates real time visibility of items as they move through the supply chain and on to the end consumer. Among all the currently available automatic identification technologies, RFID has clear dominance in terms of its ability to support real time two way communication, data storage and update, authentication, ambient condition sense and report, batch read without direct line of sight, operation in harsh environments and sensor based applications. RFID and Sensor Network Automation in the Food Industry provides sufficient detail on the use of RFID and sensor networks from `farm to fork' (F2F) to allow the reader to appreciate the myriad possible applications of RFID and associated sensor network systems throughout the entire food supply chain. This includes precision agriculture, the provision of seamless visibility in track and trace applications, reduction of wastage, identification of counterfeits and contamination sources, remaining shelf life applications for perishables, and quality and safety measures, among others. Providing state of the art information from peer reviewed research publications as well as general industry trends, this book will be of interest to all stakeholders in the agri food supply chain, and academics and advanced students with an interest in these fields.
Optimal capacity planning of substation transformers by demand response combined with network automation

The inclusion of smart grid features such as demand response (DR) and network automation for capacity planning of substation transformers may provide substantial monetary savings. This paper proposes an optimization model for quantification of the savings in capacity management of substation transformers over long run. The proposed model incorporates the DR as a resource to decrease the outage cost during contingencies while considering existing switching types for load transfer between substations. The model provides optimal selection and scheduling of multistage transformer installations and their refurbishments by considering all the costs associated with them including investment, losses, maintenance, reliability, and the salvage value. For a realistic study, numerical value of the savings in transformers' cost is calculated for a typical Finnish two transformer primary distribution substation planning over a period of forty years. Case studies are performed based on situations encountered by utilities and type of load transfer switching (manual and remote) between substations. A sensitivity analysis based on DR penetration and load curtailment (LC) cost is also performed. The results indicate that substantial monetary benefits can be obtained in substation transformers' cost by utilities through employing DR. The benefit of DR is superior for cases where it is used in combination with remote switching of load transfer between neighbouring substations (NSS)
The Role of Online Social Support in Supporting and Educating Parents of Young Children With Special Health Care Needs in the United States: A Scoping Review
Venue: Journal of medical Internet research

When parents of young children with special health care needs (CSHCN) receive their child's diagnosis, they encounter information they may not understand, emotions they may not know how to cope with, and questions about their child's immediate and long term future that frequently lack answers. The challenge of health care providers is how to prepare parents for caring for their CSHCN, for coping with any resulting challenges, and for accessing the systems and services that can assist them.  The purpose of this work was to review evidence of the information and support needs of parents of young CSHCN and to determine whether online social support can serve as an avenue for learning and empowerment for these parents.  A scoping review identified the challenges, coping mechanisms, and support needs among parents of CSHCN, and the reach and effectiveness of digital technologies with these families and health care providers. We also conducted interviews with professionals serving parents of CSHCN.  The literature review and interviews suggested that parents best learn the information they need, and cope with the emotional challenges of raising a CSHCN, with support from other parents of CSHCN, and that young parents in recent years have most often been finding this parent to parent support through digital media, particularly social media, consistent with the theory of online social support. Evidence also shows that social media, particularly Facebook, is used by nearly all women aged 18 29 years across racial and socioeconomic lines in the United States.  Parents of young CSHCN experience significant stress but gain understanding, receive support, and develop the ability to care for and be advocates for their child through parent to parent emotional and informational social support. Online social support is most effective with young adults of childbearing age, with social media and apps being the most useful within the theoretical framework of social support. This opens new opportunities to effectively educate and support parents of young CSHCN. Providers seeking to inform, educate, and support families of CSHCN should develop strategies to help parents find and use social support through digital resources to facilitate their emotional adjustment and practical abilities to care for and access services for their child.
A Historical Perspective on Administrative Jurisdiction in Latin America: Continental European Tradition versus U.S. Influence

From the perspective of U.S. influence, this text analyses the history of administrative jurisdiction, starting from the 19th Century, in the 19 Latin American countries of Iberian origin (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Dominican Republic, Uruguay and Venezuela) The analysis includes the U.S. unified judicial system (generalized courts) and procedural due process of law to decisions by the administrative authorities, the fertile field of primary jurisdiction, which is in conflict with the Continental European tradition firmly established in Latin American administrative law. While setting out the contradictions of administrative jurisdiction in Latin American countries that result from importing rules without putting them in the proper context, the text seeks to identify trends and create perspective to build a model of administrative justice specific to Latin America, drawing on the accumulated experience of the United States and Continental Europe.
Multi scale Patch Aggregation (MPA) for Simultaneous Detection and Segmentation
Venue: 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

Aiming at simultaneous detection and segmentation (SD S) we propose a proposal free framework, which detect and segment object instances via mid level patches. We design a unified trainable network on patches, which is followed by a fast and effective patch aggregation algorithm to infer object instances. Our method benefits from end to end training. Without object proposal generation, computation time can also be reduced. In experiments, our method yields results 62.1% and 61.8% in terms of mAPr on VOC2012 segmentation val and VOC2012 SDS val, which are state of the art at the time of submission. We also report results on Microsoft COCO test std/test dev dataset in this paper.
A Tomato Vacuolar Invertase Inhibitor Mediates Sucrose Metabolism and Influences Fruit Ripening1
Venue: Plant Physiology

A tomato vacuolar invertase inhibitor regulated by the global fruit ripening regulator RIPENING INHIBITOR is responsible for sucrose metabolism and fruit ripening. Fruit ripening is a complex process that involves a series of physiological and biochemical changes that ultimately influence fruit quality traits, such as color and flavor. Sugar metabolism is an important factor in ripening, and there is evidence that it influences various aspects of ripening, although the associated mechanism is not well understood. In this study, we identified and analyzed the expression of 36 genes involved in Suc metabolism in ripening tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and gel mobility shift assays indicated that SlVIF, which encodes a vacuolar invertase inhibitor, and SlVI, encoding a vacuolar invertase, are directly regulated by the global fruit ripening regulator RIPENING INHIBITOR (RIN) Moreover, we showed that SlVIF physically interacts with SlVI to control Suc metabolism. Repression of SlVIF by RNA interference delayed tomato fruit ripening, while overexpression of SlVIF accelerated ripening, with concomitant changes in lycopene production and ethylene biosynthesis. An isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification based quantitative proteomic analysis further indicated that the abundance of a set of proteins involved in fruit ripening was altered by suppressing SlVIF expression, including proteins associated with lycopene generation and ethylene synthesis. These findings provide evidence for the role of Suc in promoting fruit ripening and establish that SlVIF contributes to fruit quality and the RIN mediated ripening regulatory mechanisms, which are of significant agricultural value.