nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Advances in Differential Scanning Calorimetry for Food Authenticity Testing

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a thermoanalytical technique that is commonly used for studying thermal effects. In food science, it is used to study physical behavior during storage and processing of fat and oils, carbohydrates, water or alcohol, proteins, and food packaging. Furthermore, it is well known as a simple, rapid, and environmentally friendly technique. It was reported that DSC has been successful in authenticating several food products such as fats and oils. This chapter therefore briefly reviews DSC applications in foods, with an emphasis on authenticity issues. The principles of this technique together with examples of current uses, limitations, and prospects are discussed. Continuing development should focus on the potential of this technique in combination with chemometric analysis.
Trusted Browsers for Uncertain Times
Venue: USENIX Security Symposium

JavaScript in one origin can use timing channels in browsers to learn sensitive information about a user's interaction with other origins, violating the browser's compartmentalization guarantees. Browser vendors have attempted to close timing channels by trying to rewrite sensitive code to run in constant time and by reducing the resolution of reference clocks. We argue that these ad hoc efforts are unlikely to succeed. We show techniques that increase the effective resolution of degraded clocks by two orders of magnitude, and we present and evaluate multiple, new implicit clocks: techniques by which JavaScript can time events without consulting an explicit clock at all. We show how "fuzzy time" ideas in the trusted operating systems literature can be adapted to building trusted browsers, degrading all clocks and reducing the bandwidth of all timing channels. We describe the design of a next generation browser, called Fermata, in which all timing sources are completely mediated. As a proof of feasibility, we present Fuzzyfox, a fork of the Firefox browser that implements many of the Fermata principles within the constraints of today's browser architecture. We show that Fuzzyfox achieves sufficient compatibility and performance for deployment today by privacysensitive users.
Achievements and challenges in power and signal integrity analyses of Set Top Box products
Venue: 2016 IEEE 20th Workshop on Signal and Power Integrity (SPI)

Electrical Co design of IC package PCB products for Set Top Box applications has been changing quickly in the past years. The new generation of processors (A53, A57. is indeed bringing interesting challenges as the business seems to be looking for the most power efficient CPU architectures (DMIPS/W) Moreover standards of high speed interfaces are being released with increasing speeds (HDMI2.1, USB3.1, LP/DDR4. This paper presents the achievements and the challenges in the field of IC package PCB electrical simulation and co design, based on examples of recent product developments. Correlations between simulations and measurements are presented as it plays an important role in the development of the simulation methodologies. The main focus of this paper is on power analysis, power integrity (PI) studies and performance prediction. Then a case of signal integrity (SI) studies is briefly discussed. Conclusions on links between physical IC package PCB co design and EM/PI/SI are presented.
"Ruspersonality" A Russian corpus for authorship profiling and deception detection
Venue: 2016 International FRUCT Conference on Intelligence, Social Media and Web (ISMW FRUCT)

Authorship profiling which is a process of the extraction of information about the unknown autohr of a text (demographics, psychological traits, et al. based on the analysis of linguistic parameters, is a problem of great importance. Research in authorship profiling has always been constrainted by the limited availability of training data since collecting textual data with the appropriate metadata (information about authors of texts) requires a lot of effort. We are presenting RusPersonality first Russian language corpus of written texts labeled with data on their authors. A unique aspect of our corpus is the breadth of the metadata (gender, age, personality, neuropsychological testing data, education level, ect) Most texts were designed especially for this corpus, do not contain any borrowings and are not edited. The corpus is desinged to serve multiple purposes: authoriship profiling, authorship attribution, deception detection, genre detection etc. The corpus currently contains over 1850 documents from 1145 respondents and is currently expanding. The average length of the texts is 230 words. The corpus can freely be used for academic research purposes on demand. The article describes the structure of the corpus and also shows the results of the research performed at our laboratory using its material and analyzes the perspectices for furture studies.
Rainfall estimation by inverting SMOS soil moisture estimates: A comparison of different methods over Australia

Remote sensing of soil moisture has reached a level of maturity and accuracy for which the retrieved products can be used to improve hydrological and meteorological applications. In this study, the soil moisture product from the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite is used for improving satellite rainfall estimates obtained from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission multi satellite precipitation analysis product (TMPA) using three different "bottom up" techniques: SM2RAIN, SMART and API mod. The implementation of these techniques aims at improving the well known "top down" rainfall estimate derived from TMPA products (version 7) available in near real time. Ground observations provided by the Australian Water Availability Project (AWAP) are considered as a separate validation dataset. The three algorithms are calibrated against the gauge corrected TMPA re analysis product, 3B42, and used for adjusting the TMPA real time product, 3B42RT, using SMOS soil moisture data. The study area covers the entire Australian continent and the analysis period ranges from January 2010 to November 2013. Results show that all the SMOS based rainfall products improve the performance of 3B42RT, even at daily time scale (differently from previous investigations) The major improvements are obtained in terms of estimation of accumulated rainfall with a reduction of the root mean square error of more than 25% Also in terms of temporal dynamic (correlation) and rainfall detection (categorical scores) the SMOS based products provide slightly better results with respect to 3B42RT, even though the relative performance between the methods is not always the same. The strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm and the spatial variability of their performances are identified in order to indicate the ways forward for this promising research activity. Results show that the integration of "bottom up" and "top down" approaches has the potential to improve the quality of near real time rainfall estimates from remote sensing in the near future.
Change Support to Maintain Quality in Learning Technology Systems
Venue: SETE@ICWL

The quality of learning technology systems can degrade over time due to changes in learners, content and the software environment. This might occur as long term evolution of the system to adjust the system to environmental changes or as part of short term adaptation in order to adapt to the learner behaviour and knowledge. We present a quality management framework for changing environments that integrates evolution and adaptation. The framework sees evolution and adaption as two incarnation of change. A key concept is the notion of feedback that causes quality goals such as learning achievement or learner experience to be changed or the need to adjust the system to maintain existing goals. The aim is to support instructors, course designer and platform support in understanding the interaction of evolution and adaptation and to help them in designing, modelling, running and maintaining learning technology systems in order to achieve and maintain the expected quality.
Detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect with BOSS DR11 and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope

We present a new measurement of the kinematic Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect using data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Using 600 square degrees of overlapping sky area, we evaluate the mean pairwise baryon momentum associated with the positions of 50,000 bright galaxies in the BOSS DR11 Large Scale Structure catalog. A non zero signal arises from the large scale motions of halos containing the sample galaxies. The data fits an analytical signal model well, with the optical depth to microwave photon scattering as a free parameter determining the overall signal amplitude. We estimate the covariance matrix of the mean pairwise momentum as a function of galaxy separation, using microwave sky simulations, jackknife evaluation, and bootstrap estimates. The most conservative simulation based errors give signal to noise estimates between 3.6 and 4.1 for varying galaxy luminosity cuts. We discuss how the other error determinations can lead to higher signal to noise values, and consider the impact of several possible systematic errors. Estimates of the optical depth from the average thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich signal at the sample galaxy positions are broadly consistent with those obtained from the mean pairwise momentum signal.
Cosmic Voids in the SDSS DR12 BOSS Galaxy Sample: The Alcock Paczynski Test

We apply the Alcock Paczynski (AP) test to the stacked voids identified using the large scale structure galaxy catalog from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) This galaxy catalog is part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 12 and is the final catalog of SDSS III. We also use 1000 mock galaxy catalogs that match the geometry, density, and clustering properties of the BOSS sample in order to characterize the statistical uncertainties of our measurements and take into account systematic errors such as redshift space distortions. For both BOSS data and mock catalogs, we use the ZOBOV algorithm to identify voids, we stack together all voids with effective radii of 30 100Mpc/h in the redshift range 0.43 0.7, and we accurately measure the shape of the stacked voids. Our tests with the mock catalogs show that we measure the stacked void ellipticity with a statistical precision of 2.6% We find that the stacked voids in redshift space are slightly squashed along the line of sight, which is consistent with previous studies. We repeat this measurement of stacked void shape in the BOSS data assuming several values of Omega_m within the flat LCDM model, and we compare to the mock catalogs in redshift space in order to perform the AP test. We obtain a constraint of \Omega_m 0.38^+0.18}_{ 0.15} at the 68% confidence level from the AP test. We discuss the various sources of statistical and systematic noise that affect the constraining power of this method. In particular, we find that the measured ellipticity of stacked voids scales more weakly with cosmology than the standard AP prediction, leading to significantly weaker constraints. We discuss how AP constraints will improve in future surveys with larger volumes and densities.
A Survey of Techniques for Approximate Computing
Venue: ACM Comput. Surv.

Approximate computing trades off computation quality with effort expended, and as rising performance demands confront plateauing resource budgets, approximate computing has become not merely attractive, but even imperative. In this article, we present a survey of techniques for approximate computing (AC) We discuss strategies for finding approximable program portions and monitoring output quality, techniques for using AC in different processing units (e.g. CPU, GPU, and FPGA) processor components, memory technologies, and so forth, as well as programming frameworks for AC. We classify these techniques based on several key characteristics to emphasize their similarities and differences. The aim of this article is to provide insights to researchers into working of AC techniques and inspire more efforts in this area to make AC the mainstream computing approach in future systems.
Towards a Psychoanalytic Concept of Community (I) Consideration of Current Concepts

"Community" is a word that is used frequently in everyday exchanges and, increasingly, in public policies and government funding strategies. Mental health promotion campaigns strongly promote "community focused" initiatives. The predominant discourse on the topic of "community" has been from socio political perspectives. Very little has been written specifically about the nature of communities, or their psychodynamics, from a psychoanalytic perspective. This paper, the first of three, considers three major conceptualizations of communities philosophical, sociological and ecological from a psychoanalytic perspective. Within this paradigm, a community, unless arbitrarily defined, is as much a subjective notion as it is an objective entity. Psychoanalysis has much to add to the current thinking on this subject by adding a description of its dynamic qualities, and highlighting the subjective experience (both individual and collective, conscious and unconscious) of communities.
Multilingual conversational telephony speech corpus creation for real world speaker diarization and recognition
Venue: 2016 Conference of The Oriental Chapter of International Committee for Coordination and Standardization of Speech Databases and Assessment Techniques (O COCOSDA)

Real world speech data specially telephone conversations recorded in different background situations pose greater challenge for automatic speaker diarization and recognition. Limited numbers of real world conversational speech resources restrict the research and development in this regard. Present work describes the design and development process of a real world multilingual conversational telephony speech corpus considering all kind of uncertainties and adversities of real time. Conversations in the corpus are entirely transcribed to support the needs of automatic speaker diarization and recognition. The real world nature of the collected data has been verified through corpus statistics in terms of variations in speakers' age group, topic of conversation, gender pairs in conversation, recording environment and language.
Converting SynTagRus Dependency Treebank into Penn Treebank Style
Venue: LAW@ACL

This paper presents the conversion of SynTagRus dependency structures into Penn Treebank style phrase structures, whose resulting data will be used to train a statistical constituency parser for Russian and create a large scale constituency parsed corpus. The implemented conversion includes various innovative features in order to create phrase structure trees that are closest to Penn Treebank style while optimally preserving information of the original dependency structure annotations. We believe the newly converted phrase structure treebank will be not only an adequate training dataset for our ongoing project but also a valuable resource for traditional and computational linguistic research.
Validation of the new scale for measuring behaviors of Facebook users: Psycho Social Aspects of Facebook Use (PSAFU)
Venue: Comput. Hum. Behav.

Facebook related psychological phenomena attracted the great interest of researchers, but to date experiences of Facebook (FB) users were usually operationalized through few objective behavioral measures or through questionnaires which focused only on specific aspects of FB use. This study aimed to construct a comprehensive questionnaire which will capture deeper psychological processes that take place on FB. Through the EFA and CFA, we extracted five dimensions of FB behaviors: Compensatory use of FB, Self presentation on FB, Socializing and seeking sexual partners through FB, FB addiction, and FB profile as the virtual self. Compensatory and addictive Facebook use is related to personality traits that indicate poor social adaptiveness, such as social anxiety, low conscientiousness, neuroticism, introversion, and low agreeableness, while Self Presentation on FB further contributes to this maladaptive process. Seeking new friends and intimate partners through Facebook is related to sensation seeking and social anxiety. Realistic virtual representation of one's personality on Facebook is characteristic of individuals who are socially anxious and open to experiences. The scale Psycho Social Aspects of Facebook Use (PSAFU) covers the wide range of psychological FB phenomena and should be used by researchers interested in a detailed examination of FB users' experiences. Psycho social aspects of Facebook use can be described through five dimensions.The excessive Facebook use is related to social anxiety.Compensatory and addictive use of Facebook is characteristic of socially unadapted individuals.Sensation seekers and socially anxious persons actively seek new friends on Facebook.Facebook profile has become an important aspect of personal identity for certain people.
Mobility of mercury in soil as affected by soil physicochemical properties
Venue: Journal of Soils and Sediments

PurposeThe interaction of mercury with organic matter was studied on three soils with distinct physical chemical compositions (Fluvisol, Luvisol, and Chernozem) and three vermicomposts based on various bio waste materials (digestate, kitchen waste with woodchips, and garden bio waste).Materials and methodsLaboratory batch experiments, in which organic matter composition was modeled by adding graded doses of vermicompost to individual soils, were carried out. The composition of organic matter in these vermicomposts was assessed via fractionation of humic acids, fulvic acids, hydrophilic compounds, and possible hydrophobic neutral organic matter. Furthermore, the samples were artificially contaminated with inorganic and organic mercury. Prepared samples were stored under constant temperature of 25 degC. The incubation experiments lasted for 56 days, in which the samples were taken ten times. During the experiments, the changes in mercury mobile phase amount were observed, and the influence of the source of contamination was evaluated.Results and discussionThe amount of mobile mercury increased and then decreased during the time. In most of the soils and vermicompost combinations, the content of mercury bound to the soil was stable after 21 days. The effects of the mercury source on the exchangeable portion of Hg in the soils were most obvious in samples without added vermicompost. Nevertheless, differences between mobile inorganic and organic forms of Hg were lower in the case of Fluvisol compared to other soils. Moreover, in this soil, the content of available mercury was higher than from others.ConclusionsIn general, the smallest differences between mobile inorganic and organic forms of Hg were observed in the case of soil with the highest content of organic matter. Also higher doses of vermicomposts decreased the amount of mercury mobile phase available. Additionally, the largest positive influence of vermicompost dose on Hg mobility was measured in soils combined with vermicompost with the highest portion of humic acids.
Shaping 3D Path of Electromagnetic Waves Using Gradient Refractive Index Metamaterials
Venue: Advanced science

An all dielectric semispherical lens with functions in shaping 3D wave propagation paths is proposed and experimentally verified. When radiation sources are placed in the central region, the lens behaves as a magnifying device to resolve the sources in subwavelength scale; while when the electromagnetic waves impinge on the semispherical lens from outside, they will be guided spirally inward.
Learning to Poke by Poking: Experiential Learning of Intuitive Physics
Venue: NIPS

We investigate an experiential learning paradigm for acquiring an internal model of intuitive physics. Our model is evaluated on a real world robotic manipulation task that requires displacing objects to target locations by poking. The robot gathered over 400 hours of experience by executing more than 100K pokes on different objects. We propose a novel approach based on deep neural networks for modeling the dynamics of robot's interactions directly from images, by jointly estimating forward and inverse models of dynamics. The inverse model objective provides supervision to construct informative visual features, which the forward model can then predict and in turn regularize the feature space for the inverse model. The interplay between these two objectives creates useful, accurate models that can then be used for multi step decision making. This formulation has the additional benefit that it is possible to learn forward models in an abstract feature space and thus alleviate the need of predicting pixels. Our experiments show that this joint modeling approach outperforms alternative methods.
Extending experiential learning in teacher professional development

This paper introduces the use of experiential learning during the early stages of teacher professional development. Teachers observe student outcomes from the very beginning of the process and experience new pedagogical approaches as learners themselves before adapting and implementing them in their own classrooms. This research explores the implementation of this approach with teachers in Irish second level schools who are being asked to make significant pedagogic changes as part of a major curriculum reform. Teachers' self reflections, observations and interviews demonstrate how the process and outcomes influenced their beliefs, resulting in meaningful changes in classroom practice.
Transit service quality analysis using cluster analysis and decision trees: a step forward to personalized marketing in public transportation

A transit service quality study based on cluster analysis was performed to extract detailed customer profiles sharing similar appraisals concerning the service. This approach made it possible to detect specific requirements and needs regarding the quality of service and to personalize the marketing strategy. Data from various customer satisfaction surveys conducted by the Transport Consortium of Granada (Spain) were analyzed to distinguish these groups; a decision tree methodology was used to identify the most important service quality attributes influencing passengers' overall evaluations. Cluster analysis identified four groups of passengers. Comparisons using decision trees among the overall sample of all users and the different groups of passengers identified by cluster analysis led to the discovery of differences in the key attributes encompassed by perceived quality.
Leadership in nursing and patient satisfaction in hospital context.
Venue: Revista gaucha de enfermagem

Objectives to know the quality of the leadership relationship from the perspective of a chief nurse and nurse, patient satisfaction, the relationship between the quality of the relationship perceived for both and patient satisfaction. Methods a quantitative, transverse and correlational approach. Non probabilistic convenience sample consists of 15 chief nurses, 342 nurses, 273 patients. Data collected at the Central Lisbon Hospital Center, between January and March 2013, through the LMX 7, CLMX 7 and SUCEH21 scales. Statistical analysis was performed through SPSS (r) Statistics 19. Results the chief nurse considers the quality of the leadership relationship good, the nurses consider it satisfactory, patients are considered to be satisfied with nursing care; there is a statistically significant correlation between the quality of the leadership relationship from the perspective of chief nurses and patient satisfaction, there is no statistically significant correlation between the quality of the leadership relationship in the nurse's perspective and satisfaction.  the chief nurse has a major role in patient satisfaction.