nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Infection with and Carriage of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Children
Venue: Front. Microbiol.

"Atypical" pneumonia was described as a distinct and mild form of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) already before Mycoplasma pneumoniae had been discovered and recognized as its cause. M. pneumoniae is detected in CAP patients most frequently among school aged children from 5 to 15 years of age, with a decline after adolescence and tapering off in adulthood. Detection rates by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or serology in children with CAP admitted to the hospital amount 4 39% Although the infection is generally mild and self limiting, patients of every age can develop severe or extrapulmonary disease. Recent studies indicate that high rates of healthy children carry M. pneumoniae in the upper respiratory tract and that current diagnostic PCR or serology cannot discriminate between M. pneumoniae infection and carriage. Further, symptoms and radiologic features are not specific for M. pneumoniae infection. Thus, patients may be unnecessarily treated with antimicrobials against M. pneumoniae. Macrolides are the first line antibiotics for this entity in children younger than 8 years of age. Overall macrolides are extensively used worldwide, and this has led to the emergence of macrolide resistant M. pneumoniae, which may be associated with severe clinical features and more extrapulmonary complications. This review focuses on the characteristics of M. pneumoniae infections in children, and exemplifies that simple clinical decision rules may help identifying children at high risk for CAP due to M. pneumoniae. This may aid physicians in prescribing appropriate first line antibiotics, since current diagnostic tests for M. pneumoniae infection are not reliably predictive.
The Clinical Characteristics and Predictors of Refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children
Venue: PloS one

To analyze the clinical characteristics of refracory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) and explore the related factors predicting RMPP.  Retrospective analysis was performed on 634 children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) hospitalized in our hospital between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2014. The clinical features, laboratory data, radiological findings between the RMPP group and the general Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (GMPP) group were compared and the predictive values of related factors were analyzed.  The median age of the RMPP patients (n 145) was much older than that of the GMPP patients (n 489) (P<0.01) We also found more severe presentations, higher incidence of extra pulmonary complications and more serious radiological findings in RMPP group, which needed oxygen more often, longer antibiotics administration and intensive care (P<0.05) Meanwhile, the levels of C reactive protein (CRP) lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) immunoglobulin A (IgM) interleukin (IL) 6, IL 10, interferon gamma (IFN g) and the percentage of neutrophils, CD8+ in RMPP group were significantly higher than those in GMPP group (P<0.05) while the levels of prealbumin (PAB) were lower than that in GMPP group (P<0.01) In ROC curve analysis, the percentage of neutrophil, CRP, LDH, PAB, IL 6, IL 10 and IFN g were useful for differentiating patients with RMPP from those with GMPP. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the CRP>=16.5mg/L, LDH =417IU/L and IL 6 =14.75pg/ml were significant predictors regarding to RMPP.  CRP>=16.5mg/L, LDH =417IU/L and IL 6 =14.75pg/ml might be the significant predictors of RMPP in children, which can aid in early recognition of RMPP.
A Compendium for Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Venue: Front. Microbiol.

Historically, atypical pneumonia was a term used to describe an unusual presentation of pneumonia. Currently, it is used to describe the multitude of symptoms juxtaposing the classic symptoms found in cases of pneumococcal pneumonia. Specifically, atypical pneumonia is a syndrome resulting from a relatively common group of pathogens including Chlamydophila sp. and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The incidence of M. pneumoniae pneumonia in adults is less than the burden experienced by children. Transmission rates among families indicate children may act as a reservoir and maintain contagiousness over a long period of time ranging from months to years. In adults, M. pneumoniae typically produces a mild, "walking" pneumonia and is considered to be one of the causes of persistent cough in patients. M. pneumoniae has also been shown to trigger the exacerbation of other lung diseases. It has been repeatedly detected in patients with bronchitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, and cystic fibrosis. Recent advances in technology allow for the rapid diagnosis of M. pneumoniae through the use of polymerase chain reaction or rapid antigen tests. With this, more effort has been afforded to identify the causative etiologic agent in all cases of pneumonia. However, previous practices, including the overprescribing of macrolide treatment in China and Japan, have created increased incidence of macrolide resistant M. pneumoniae. Reports from these countries indicate that >85% of M. pneumoniae pneumonia pediatric cases are macrolide resistant. Despite its extensively studied past, the smallest bacterial species still inspires some of the largest questions. The developments in microbiology, diagnostic features and techniques, epidemiology, treatment and vaccines, and upper respiratory conditions associated with M. pneumoniae in adult populations are included within this review.
Review on Knowledge Graph Techniques

Knowledge graph technology is a critical part of artificial intelligence research. It establishes a knowledge base with the capacity of semantic processing and open interconnection in order to provide intelligent information service, such as search, question answering, personalized recommendation, and so on. This article first presents a comprehensive study on definitions and architectures of knowledge graphs. Then we summarizes recent advances in knowledge graphs, including knowledge extraction, knowledge representation, knowledge fusion, and knowledge reasoning, with typical applications. Finally, this article concludes with future challenges of knowledge graphs.
Supervised Descriptive Rule Discovery: A Survey of the State of the Art

The supervised descriptive rule discovery concept groups a set of data mining techniques whose objective is to describe data with respect to a property of interest. Among the techniques within this concept are the subgroup discovery, emerging patterns and contrast sets. This contribution presents the supervised descriptive rule discovery concept within the data mining literature. Specifically, it is important to remark the main difference with respect to other existing techniques within classification or description. In addition, a a survey of the state of the art about the different techniques within supervised descriptive rule discovery throughout the literature can be observed. The paper allows to the experts to analyse the compatibilities between terms and heuristics of the different data mining tasks within this concept.
Information Behavior on Social Live Streaming Services

In the last few years, a new type of synchronous social networking services (SNSs) has emerged social live streaming services (SLSSs) Studying SLSSs is a new and exciting research field in information science. What information behaviors do users of live streaming platforms exhibit? In our empirical study we analyzed information production behavior (i.e. broadcasting) as well as information reception behavior (watching streams and commenting on them) We conducted two quantitative investigations, namely an online survey with YouNow users (N
CORRECTING FOR SOCIAL DESIRABILITY RESPONSE SETS IN OPINION ATTITUDE SURVEY RESEARCH

For over thirty years psychologists have been concerned with the problem of "distortion" in the way people respond to personality test items. Personality testers at first believed that the responses of subjects to their tests items were direct and unbiased estimates of how these persons actually felt or were. Low predictive validities of the early personality inventories soon convinced them otherwise. Attention then turned to finding out to what degree the subject was "faking good" or lying in his test responses. More recently, investigation of the concept of "response set" a personal tendency to respond in a specified way within a testing or interview situation has replaced the earlier emphasis on frankness versus distortion. For instance, Crowne and Marlowe have recently published an important book describing the results of several studies relating the "social desirability response set" "SD set" or need for approval, to various non questionnaire situations. Using a 33 item questionnaire measure of SD set, these psychologists showed that the need for approval so measured was positively associated with such other variables as conformity, sensitivity to norms and social influence, and cautiousness about revealing oneself or endangering one's self esteem.2 Sociologists inevitably face the problems of response set in survey research on attitudes and opinions, just as psychologists do in their clinical personality testing. In fact, with the growing interest in the interplay between social structure and personality, sociologists are now including in their survey questionnaires ever more items that may be interpreted as measures of personality traits rather than of specific attitudes only.
Social Impact and Sustainability of Corporate Social Responsibility in the Banking Sectors: Bangladesh Perspective

In the recent years Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has witnessed a tremendous increase in awareness and control in the global arena. It is a concept where business organizations apart from their profitability and growth show interest in societal and environmental welfare by taking the responsibility of impact of their activities on stake holders, employees, shareholders, customers, suppliers, and civil society. However, in developing nations the situation of CSR activities of financial institutions is not so flourishing. The aims of this study are to investigate the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities performed by ten commercial banks in Bangladesh and explore the potential social impacts and sustainability in the future. This study also traced to find the relationship among operational performance by contributing CSR activities. CSR activities affect social attention to the customers and related stakeholders. It shows the relation between after tax net operating income and CSR expenditures by banks using SPSS software.
A 60 GHz Wideband Circularly Polarized Aperture Coupled Magneto Electric Dipole Antenna Array
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation

A novel circularly polarized (CP) aperture coupled magneto electric (ME) dipole antenna is proposed. The CP MEdipole antenna fed by a transverse slot etched on the broad wall of a section of shorted end substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is convenient to integrate into substrates. An impedance bandwidth of wider than 28.8% a wide 3 dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 25.9% and gain of 7.7 1.4 dBic over the operating band are achieved. Additionally, since the CP radiation is generated by the combination of two orthogonal ME dipole modes, the antenna element has stable unidirectional radiation patterns that are almost identical in two principle planes throughout the operating band, which is desirable to array applications. By employing the proposed CP ME dipole as radiating elements, an 8 x 8 high gain wideband planar antenna array is proposed for 60 GHz millimeter wave applications. A fabrication procedure of using conductive adhesive films to bond all print circuit board (PCB) layers together is successfully implemented to realize the array design with a three layered geometry, which has advantages of low costs and possibility of large scale manufacture. The measured impedance bandwidth of the fabricated prototype is 18.2% for |S11| 10 dB. Because of the wide AR bandwidth of the new antenna element, a wide AR bandwidth of 16.5% can be achieved by this array without the use of sequential feed. Gain up to 26.1 dBic and good radiation efficiency of around 70% are also obtained due to the use of a full corporate SIW feed network with low insertion loss at millimeter wave frequencies.
Christophe Bonneuil och Jean Baptiste Fressoz L'Evenement Anthropocene: La terre, l'histoire et nous, Seuil, 2013, 320 sidor Christophe Bonneuil och Jean Baptiste Fressoz, The Shock of the Anthropocene The Earth, History and Us, Verso, 2016, 306 sidor

Christophe Bonneuil och Jean Baptiste Fressoz L'Evenement Anthropocene: La terre, l'histoire et nous, Seuil, 2013, 320 sidor Christophe Bonneuil och Jean Baptiste Fressoz, The Shock of the Anthropocene The Earth, History and Us, Verso, 2016, 306 sidor
Jean Baptiste de Senac's (1693 1770) Important Work on Cardiology and Valvular Disorders.
Venue: Current pharmaceutical design

In the 18(th) century clinical cardiology was based on pulse examination and auscultation by placing the ear directly on the patient's chest, while diagnosis of heart diseases was done in postmortem examination. In 1749, Jean Baptiste de Senac, physician of King Louis XV, published his work on the heart Traite de la structure du coeur, de son action et de ses maladies. It was the result of years of anatomical and physiological study, in an attempt to illuminate heart and its functions. Senac recognized among several heart disorders, aortic regurgitation, mitral calcification, and mitral regurgitation. His work remained a landmark in valvular pathology and cardiology until the early 19(th) century.
Trust and commitment as mediators between economic and non economic satisfaction in manufacturer supplier relationships

The purpose of this paper is to test a research model in which trust and commitment are mediators between economic and non economic satisfaction.  The sample for this study comprises a total of 600 small and medium sized Spanish enterprises from various industrial sectors. A total of 259 usable questionnaires were returned, generating a response rate of 43.2 per cent. The research model is tested with structural equation modeling using AMOS software.  The empirical findings regarding the studied business relationships confirm the independence between economic and non economic satisfaction, and the mediating role of trust and commitment. Furthermore, the findings confirm that there is no direct cause effect relationship between economic and non economic satisfaction.  Numerous inter organizational studies have tested satisfaction as two separate constructs (economic and non economic satisfaction) This study goes further by.
The influence of trust and perceived playfulness on the relationship commitment of hospitality online social network moderating effects of gender

From the commitment trust theory angle, this study aims to understand why members of social network sites (SNSs) are willing to build a relationship commitment with hospitality SNSs, engage in online word of mouth (WOM) and show a willingness to repurchase. This paper proposes a model to express the relationship commitment and gender as a moderator in the relationship.  The interviews of a formal survey were selected by a purposive sampling method, and an online questionnaire survey was conducted in Taiwan. This study used the partial least square method to conduct structural equation modeling analysis.  The findings suggest that trust and perceived playfulness of the hospitality community have positive influences on relationship commitment, and also that the relationship commitment has a positive influence on online WOM and willingness to repurchase. This analysis provides strong support for the view that gender exerts a significant moderating role on our model relationships. Practical implications SNSs aspiring to stand out in the highly competitive internet environment must cultivate consumers' trust and relationship commitment, and develop strategies to retain community members, as well as strengthen the safeguard personal information and the playfulness of activities. SNSs that launch relationship marketing activities should encourage community members to spread positive WOM through various activities.  This study combined the commitment trust theory and technology acceptance model. It aimed to develop a theory based model of relationship commitment in the hospitality SNSs' context. Both trust and perceived playfulness are positively related to commitment; they are essential and important elements of successful hospitality SNSs. The gender difference plays a vital role in determining individuals' behavior intention in the hospitality SNSs, as females and males have different decision making processes.
Postoperative patient controlled epidural analgesia in patients with spondylodiscitis and posterior spinal fusion surgery.
Venue: Journal of neurosurgery. Spine

The value of postoperative epidural analgesia after major spinal surgery is well established. Thus far, the use of patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) has been denied to patients undergoing debridement and instrumentation in spondylodiscitis, with the risk of increased postoperative pain resulting in prolonged recovery. The value of PCEA with special regard to infectious complications remains to be clarified. The present study examined the value of postoperative PCEA in comparison with intravenous analgesia in patients with spondylodiscitis undergoing posterior spinal surgery.  Thirty two patients treated surgically for spondylodiscitis of the thoracic and lumbar spine were prospectively included in a database and retrospectively reviewed for this study. Postoperative antibiotic treatment, functional capacity, pain levels, side effects, and complications were documented. Sixteen patients were given patient demanded intravenous analgesia (PIA) followed by 16 patients assigned to PCEA. If PCEA was applied, the insertion of an epidural catheter was performed under the direct visual guidance of the surgeon at the end of the surgery.  Three patients intended for PCEA treatment were excluded due to predefined exclusion criteria. Postoperative pain was significantly lower in the PCEA group during the first 48 hours after surgery (p 0.03) As determined by the trunk control test conducted at 8 (p 0.001) 24 (p 0.004) 48 (p 0.015) 72 (p 0.0031) and 96 hours (p 0.001) patients in the PCEA treatment group displayed significantly increased mobilization capacity compared with those of the PIA group. Time until normal accomplishment of all mobilization maneuvers was reduced in the PCEA group compared with that in the PIA group (p 0.04) No differences in complication rates were observed between the 2 groups (p 0.52) CONCLUSIONS PCEA may reduce postoperative pain and lead to earlier achievement of functional capacity at a low complication rate in patients with surgically treated lumbar and thoracic spondylodiscitis.
Effect of thoracic epidural analgesia on recovery of bowel function after major upper abdominal surgery.
Venue: Journal of clinical anesthesia

We investigated whether thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) shortens the first gas out time compared to intravenous patient controlled analgesia (iv PCA) and promotes earlier discharge after major upper abdominal surgery.  Prospective observational study.  A tertiary care university hospital.  Fifty six patients undergoing major upper abdominal surgery.  TEA (n=28) was performed using a paramedian approach at T6 7 or T7 8. Hydromorphone (8 mg/mL) was added to 0.15% ropivacaine (bolus/lockout time/basal: 3 mL/15 minutes/5 mL) The iv PCA regimen (n=28) included 20 mg/mL fentanyl (bolus/lockout time/basal: 0.5 mL/15 minutes/0.5 mL) The 2 analgesic methods were maintained for 3 days.  The primary end point was first gas out time, and the secondary end points were hospital discharge, pain scores, and first voiding time.  No differences in first gas out time (TEA, 4.1+ 1.2 days; iv PCA, 3.4+ 1.9 days; P=.15) or hospital stay (TEA, 9.8+ 2.2 days; iv PCA, 11.4+ 5.2 days; P=.19) were observed between the 2 groups. A visual analog pain scale scores during rest and coughing were lower in the TEA than those for iv PCA even with 40% to 46% less rescue analgesic. However, TEA delayed first voiding time (3.6+ 0.9 vs 2.8+ 1.6 days; P=.02) and required more frequent bladder catheterization (46% vs 11% P=.008) than those of iv PCA.  TEA with a regimen of hydromorphone (8 mg/mL) added to 0.15% ropivacaine did not provide earlier gas out compared to that of iv PCA in patients who underwent major upper abdominal surgery.
Semantic NLP Based Information Extraction from Construction Regulatory Documents for Automated Compliance Checking

AbstractAutomated regulatory compliance checking requires automated extraction of requirements from regulatory textual documents and their formalization in a computer processable rule representation. Such information extraction (IE) is a challenging task that requires complex analysis and processing of text. Natural language processing (NLP) aims to enable computers to process natural language text in a human like manner. This paper proposes a semantic, rule based NLP approach for automated IE from construction regulatory documents. The proposed approach uses a set of pattern matching based IE rules and conflict resolution (CR) rules in IE. A variety of syntactic (syntax/grammar related) and semantic (meaning/context related) text features are used in the patterns of the IE and CR rules. Phrase structure grammar (PSG) based phrasal tags and separation and sequencing of semantic information elements are proposed and used to reduce the number of needed patterns. An ontology is used to aid in the recognition.
Soft computing based localizations in wireless sensor networks
Venue: Pervasive Mob. Comput.

Recent advances in wireless sensor networks have been applied in a variety of applications, including environment, healthcare, and military, based on their distinctive characteristics, such as being small in size and including self organizing sensor nodes with multi sensing capabilities and cost effective monitoring, but there are still a number of constraints that require further exploration. Several of the limitations involve routing and reliability, and one of the key challenges is localization without the aid of global positioning services. On the one hand, GPS tends to be efficiently used only in open areas, and on the other hand, if integrated, the hardware overhead cost could be increased and there could be a smaller the battery lifetime. Thus, with the distance estimation derived from the received signal strength, a range free localization scheme is promising as a cost effective approach in which one of the optimization approaches is based on soft computing (which is typically used to address uncertainty and approximation) to achieve practicability and robustness. Thus, this research investigates probable soft computing techniques that are comparatively applied to localizations in a variety of components and subsequently proposes an alternative scheme that utilizes an extreme learning machine to increase the estimation accuracy. To enhance its precision further with a time complexity trade off, a greedy based approach that combines modified mass spring optimizations is integrated and then evaluated by the simulation; these techniques demonstrate effectiveness compared to other state of the art soft computing based range free localization schemes.