nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Similarity based deduplication with small data chunks
Venue: Discret. Appl. Math.

Large backup and restore systems may have a petabyte or more data in their repository. Such systems are often compressed by means of deduplication techniques, that partition the input text into chunks and store recurring chunks only once. One of the approaches is to use hashing methods to store fingerprints for each data chunk, detecting identical chunks with very low probability for collisions. As alternative, it has been suggested to use similarity instead of identity based searches, which allows the definition of much larger chunks. This implies that the data structure needed to store the fingerprints is much smaller, so that such a system may be more scalable than systems built on the first approach.This paper deals with an extension of the second approach to systems in which it is still preferred to use small chunks. We describe the design choices made during the development of what we call an approximate hash function, serving as the basic tool of the new suggested deduplication system and report on extensive tests performed on a variety of large input files.
Engineering of ground with granular piles: a critical review

Granular piles/stone columns are one of the most commonly preferred ground engineering systems for improving a variety of weak soils, such as soft clays, loose sands, waste fills, and ash ponds. They are installed using a range of techniques, namely vibro compaction, vibro replacement, composer method, rammed stone columns, and geopiers, based on on site conditions and availability of machinery. Granular piles improve the ground by densification especially in loose sands, by reinforcement in case of waste fills and ash ponds, by reinforcement and consolidation in case of soft clays, and mitigate damages from liquefaction by functioning as drains. The paper presents a critical review of developments related to granular piles encompassing recent analytical, experimental, numerical studies, and field investigations of their compressive, uplift, and seismic responses. Three well documented case histories of an embankment, a mechanically stabilized earth wall, and a liquid storage tank on granular pile engineered ground are presented to illustrate their versatility.
Moderating Role of Customer Orientation on the Link between Market Oriented Behaviors and Proactive Service Performance among Relationship Managers in the Business Banking Industry

Banking is one of the main sections of the service sector where knowledge and human capital are considered the vital strategic asset, apart from loans and infrastructure. Nevertheless, recent development such as the liberalisation of the service sector and the tightening of capital requirements has spurred competitive pressures, particularly in the Malaysian scenario. Focusing on business to business (B2B) banking as opposed to retail banking, business banking sector's performance relies heavily on the individual roles of relationship managers or RMs, who act as the liaison for their clients pertaining to their financing activities. The RM's abilities to persistently conduct sound credit risk management while maintaining healthy asset growth are particularly dependent on their ability to manage customer knowledge that they possess. Such persistent behaviour is referred to as proactive service performance, in which employees' outcome exceeds the expectations of customers and supervisors. The impact of customer knowledge management on service performance among RMs is indeed a matter of practical interest among bankers, yet it is theoretically underrated in the academia. Market orientation and customer knowledge, although not entirely new, are often researched in organisational contexts. However, being relevant to the marketing literature, empirical studies pertaining to individual customer knowledge behaviour are often given less attention. Therefore, this concept paper intends to narrow this gap by proposing a model of individual market orientation, customer orientation and proactive service performance. In the model, the concepts of individual market orientation and proactive service performance are elaborated, followed by hypotheses that propose linkages between the variables of each construct. Subsequently, the suggested practical implications provide managers and human resource experts with insights on how to enhance their sales performance particularly in the individualised financial service context.
Foreign language anxiety and fear of negative evaluation in the Greek university classroom

This study aims to investigate the major reported sources provoking language anxiety and fear of negative evaluation in a group of Greek university students. Language performance was taken into consideration in the analysis of the data. The data were submitted to factor analysis and the results indicated that the main stressors include communication apprehension felt toward teachers, peers and native speakers, fear of tests and of speaking in class and also teachers' questions and corrections. The findings also pointed to a negative correlation among language anxiety, fear of negative evaluation and language performance. Additionally, the results revealed a significant effect for language anxiety and fear of negative evaluation attributable to gender.
Straight Versus Angulated Abutments on Tilted Implants in Immediate Fixed Rehabilitation of the Edentulous Mandible: A 3 Year Retrospective Comparative Study.
Venue: The International journal of prosthodontics

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the use of straight versus angulated abutments on tilted implants in the All on Four immediate function protocol.  A total of 85 patients (36 men and 49 women; mean age 56.5 years) with edentulous mandibles were treated according to the All on Four concept using computer guided implant placement. All patients received immediate interim prostheses screwed onto distal tilted implants by means of angulated (control group, n 42) or straight abutments (test group, n 43) and were followed for at least 3 years. Outcome considerations comprised implant and prosthetic survival and success rates, marginal bone level changes, patient satisfaction, and required clinical time. Student t test at a significance level of P .05 was used to correlate the influence of the prosthetic protocol on marginal bone levels around the implants.  Overall implant survival rate was 98.21% for the control group and 98.83% for the test group. None of the 85 fixed prostheses were lost during the observation period (prosthetic survival rate of 100% Statistically significant differences (P .0068) in marginal bone loss were found between control and test groups. All patients were functionally and esthetically satisfied with their restorations. Required clinical time averaged 50 minutes for the control group and 30 minutes for the test group.  The described simplified and shortened surgical prosthodontic protocol that avoids use of angulated abutments may be considered a reliable alternative to the traditional All on Four protocol.
Effects of sorbitol and glycerol on the structure, dynamics, and stability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis pyrazinamidase
Venue: International journal of mycobacteriology

Mycobacterium tuberculosis pyrazinamidase (PZase) is known an enzyme that is involved in degradation of pyrazinamide to ammonia and pyrazinoic acid. Pyrazinamide is an important first line drug used in the short course treatment of tuberculosis. Previous investigations have indicated that the pyrazinamide (PZA) resistant M. tuberculosis strains are caused by point mutations in the PZase enzyme which is the activator of the prodrug PZA. Although the general fold of PZase was determined, the structural and functional properties of the enzyme in solution were not understood very well. In this study, the PZase enzyme was overexpressed and purified. In addition, two polyols, namely sorbitol and glycerol, were chosen to study their effects on the structure, dynamics, and stability of the enzyme. To gain a deeper insight, molecular dynamics simulation and spectroscopic methods, such as fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism (CD) were used.  The genes were cloned in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) harboring the recombinant pET 28a plasmid, overexpressed and purified by Ni NTA Sepharose. The far UV visible CD spectra were measured by a Jasco 810 spectropolarimeter. The intrinsic fluorescence spectra were measured on a Cary Varian Eclipse spectrofluorometer. For molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we have applied GROMACS4.6.5.  The results showed that glycerol and sorbitol increased the enzyme activity up to 130% and 110% respectively, at 37degC. The stability of PZase was decreased and the half life was 20 min. Glycerol and sorbitol increased the PZase half life to 99 min and 23 min, respectively. The far UV CD measurements of PZase indicated that the CD spectra in glycerol and sorbitol give rise to an increase in the content of a helix and b sheets elements. The average enzyme root mean square deviation (RMSD) in sorbitol solution was about 0.416nm, a value that is higher than the enzyme RMSD in the pure water (0.316) In dictionary of protein secondary structure (DSSP) results, we observed that the secondary structures of the protein are partially increased as compared to the native state in water. The experimental and simulation data clearly indicated that the polyols increased the PZase stabilization in the order: glycerol>sorbitol.  It can be concluded that the native conformation of the enzyme was stabilized in the sorbitol and glycerol and tend to exclude from the PZase surface, forcing the enzyme to keep it in the compactly folded conformation. The glycerol molecules stabilized PZase by decreasing the loops flexibility and then compacting the enzyme structure. It appears that more stability of PZase in glycerol solution correlates with its amphiphilic orientation, which decreases the unfavorable interactions of hydrophobic regions.
Unveiling the complexity of the maize transcriptome by single molecule long read sequencing
Venue: Nature communications

Zea mays is an important genetic model for elucidating transcriptional networks. Uncertainties about the complete structure of mRNA transcripts limit the progress of research in this system. Here, using single molecule sequencing technology, we produce 111,151 transcripts from 6 tissues capturing ~70% of the genes annotated in maize RefGen_v3 genome. A large proportion of transcripts (57% represent novel, sometimes tissue specific, isoforms of known genes and 3% correspond to novel gene loci. In other cases, the identified transcripts have improved existing gene models. Averaging across all six tissues, 90% of the splice junctions are supported by short reads from matched tissues. In addition, we identified a large number of novel long non coding RNAs and fusion transcripts and found that DNA methylation plays an important role in generating various isoforms. Our results show that characterization of the maize B73 transcriptome is far from complete, and that maize gene expression is more complex than previously thought.
Fetal Type Variants of the Posterior Cerebral Artery and Concurrent Infarction in the Major Arterial Territories of the Cerebral Hemisphere
Venue: Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports

Fetal type or fetal posterior cerebral artery (FPCA) is a variant of cerebrovascular anatomy in which the distal posterior cerebral artery (PCA) territory is perfused by a branch of the internal carotid artery (ICA) In the presence of FPCA, thromboembolism in the anterior circulation may result in paradoxical PCA territory infarction with or without concomitant infarction in the territories of the middle (MCA) or the anterior (ACA) cerebral artery. We describe 2 cases of FPCA and concurrent acute infarction in the PCA and ICA territories right PCA and MCA in Patient 1 and left PCA, MCA, and ACA in Patient 2. Noninvasive angiography detected a left FPCA in both patients. While FPCA was clearly the mechanism of paradoxical infarction in Patient 2, it turned out to be an incidental finding in Patient 1 when evidence of a classic right PCA was uncovered from an old computed tomography scan image. Differences in anatomical details of the FPCA in each patient suggest that the 2 FPCAs are developmentally different. The FPCA of Patient 1 appeared to be an extension of the embryonic left posterior communicating artery (PcomA) Patient 2 had 2 PCAs on the left (PCA duplication) classic bilateral PCAs, and PcomAs, and absent left anterior choroidal artery (AchoA) suggesting developmental AchoA to FPCA transformation on the left. These 2 cases underscore the variable anatomy, clinical significance, and embryological origins of FPCA variants.
Summarizing Source Code using a Neural Attention Model
Venue: ACL

High quality source code is often paired with high level summaries of the computation it performs, for example in code documentation or in descriptions posted in online forums. Such summaries are extremely useful for applications such as code search but are expensive to manually author, hence only done for a small fraction of all code that is produced. In this paper, we present the first completely datadriven approach for generating high level summaries of source code. Our model, CODE NN uses Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks with attention to produce sentences that describe C# code snippets and SQL queries. CODE NN is trained on a new corpus that is automatically collected from StackOverflow, which we release. Experiments demonstrate strong performance on two tasks: (1) code summarization, where we establish the first end to end learning results and outperform strong baselines, and (2) code retrieval, where our learned model improves the state of the art on a recently introduced C# benchmark by a large margin.
Volumen de contenedores y dosis de fertilizante de liberacion controlada en el crecimiento de plantas de Cabralea canjerana producidas en vivero

La velocidad con que las especies forestales nativas estan siendo presionadas por la accion antropica es mayor que el conocimiento silvicultural establecido para su conversion. Cabralea canjerana es una especie de alto valor comercial, de amplia distribucion desde America Central hasta America del Sur, pero aun depende de informaciones basicas para su produccion. Asi, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes volumenes de contenedores y dosis de fertilizante de liberacion controlada FLC en la produccion de mudas de Cabralea canjerana, en la fase de vivero. Los factores utilizados fueron volumen de contenedores (110 y 180 cm3) y dosis de FLC (0; 2,5; 5; 7,5; 10 y 12,5 g L 1 de sustrato) A los 210 dias, fueron evaluadas las variables: altura, diametro del cuello, masa seca aerea, radical y total, indice de calidad de Dickson, area foliar y largura del sistema radical. Para la produccion de plantas de Cabralea canjerana, se recomienda el uso de contenedores de 180 cm3 asociado con dosis de 11,5 g L 1 de FLC, combinacion reflejada en parametros morfologicos que pueden asegurar su sobrevivencia en campo. La hipotesis de que la utilizacion de contenedores de mayor volumen afecta positivamente el crecimiento, independiente de la dosis de fertilizacion utilizada, fue aceptada. Ademas, cabe recomendar la realizacion de estudios que comparen otras combinaciones de volumen de contenedores y dosis de FLC diferentes a las utilizadas en este trabajo, para aumentar la eficiencia de la produccion en vivero y garantizar la calidad de plantas de Cabralea canjerana.
Spatialised metaphors of practice: how teacher educators engage with professional standards for teachers

Pre service teacher educators, both nationally and internationally, must negotiate a plethora of expectations including using Professional Standards to enhance teacher quality. In Australia, the recent Teacher Education Ministerial Advisory Group (TEMAG) report highlighted weak application of Standards in Initial Teacher Education (ITE) However, recent reports suggest that many education stakeholders feel positive about the implementation of the Australian Professional Standards for Teachers (APSTs) This study responds to these differing viewpoints by exploring how teacher educators in a large metropolitan university in Australia account for the use of Standards in their work. Discourse analysis techniques in conjunction with socio spatial theory make visible particular metaphors of practice as teacher educators negotiate the real and imagined spaces of regulated teacher education programmes. The findings highlight the importance of investigating the utility of Standards in the lived experiences of teacher educators, as they are responsible for preparing quality, classroom ready graduates.
FTIR studies on the effect of concentration of polyethylene glycol on polimerization of Shellac

(c) Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd. In the present paper, it was reported the FTIR studies on the efect of polyethylene glycol on polimerization of shellac. The shellac was shellac waxfree, and the solvent was ethanol 96% The shellac films were were prepared by solvent evaporation method. The concentrations of polyethylene glycol having molecular weight of 400 were 10, 30, 60, and 90 w/w Three peak intensity bands of C= O stretching of ester at 1709 cm 1, O H stretching of hydroxyl group at 3400 cm 1, and C H stretching vibration at 2942 cm 1 were observed and related to polimerization of shellac. It was found that polymerization of shellac was slowed down by polyethyelene glycol, and the degree of polymerization of shellac decreased with increasing the concentration of polyethyelene glycol.
Diffuse low ionization gas in the galactic halo casts doubts on z 0.03 WHIM detections

In this Letter we demonstrate that the two claims of $z\simeq 0.03$ OVII K$\alpha$ absorption lines from Warm Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) along the lines of sight to the blazars H~2356 309 (Buote et al. 2009; Fang et al. 2010) and Mkn~501 (Ren, Fang Buote, 2014) are likely misidentifications of the $z=0$ OII K$\beta$ line produced by a diffuse Low Ionization Metal Medium in the Galaxy's Interstellar and Circum Galactic mediums. We perform detailed modeling of all the available high signal to noise Chandra LETG and XMM Newton RGS spectra of H 2356 309 and Mkn 501 and demonstrate that the $z\simeq 0.03$ WHIM absorption along these two sightlines is statistically not required. Our results, however, do not rule out a small contribution from the $z\simeq 0.03$ OVII K$\alpha$ absorber along the line of sight to H~2356 309. In our model the temperature of the putative $z 0.031$ WHIM filament is T$ 3\times 10^5$ K and the OVII column density is N$_{OV II} \le 4\times 10^{15} cm$ 2} twenty times smaller than the OVII column density previously reported, and now more consistent with the expectations from cosmological hydrodynamical simulations.
An Exploratory Study of the Impact of the Internet of Things (IoT) on Business Model Innovation: Building Smart Enterprises at Fortune 500 Companies
Venue: Int. J. Inf. Syst. Soc. Chang.

This paper introduces IoT categories used to build smart enterprises and discusses how Fortune 500 companies may use various IoT applications to innovate their business models. The authors' analysis reveals that there is a significant relationship between the type of IoT applications and the IoT adoption rate and there is also a significant relationship between the type of business model innovation and the IoT adoption rate. Finally, five implementation strategies for smart enterprise development are discussed.
Managing the Quality of Smart Grid data research in progress
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Innovative Business Practices for the Transformation of Societies (EmergiTech)

The Smart Grid (SG) concept reflects the integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) together with Internet of Things (IoT) technologies into the electrical power grid, which enables devices to produce data regarding their energy consumption and, by that, to manage the electricity consumption and production in a smarter way. The vast amounts of data generated and processed in SG environments raise the issue of data quality (DQ) management. The "Quality of Context" approach observes DQ from a business value perspective, focusing more on data contents and use and less on its physical characteristics. Accordingly, this study explores two SG relevant DQ aspects sampling frequency and density. The former reflect the high sampling rate needed for ubiquitous computing environments such as the SG, while the latter reflects real world limitations on sensor infrastructures. As the study progresses, our goal is to further conceptualize these DQ dimensions and evaluate their impact in both simulated and real world SG environments, toward defining mechanism for their optimal configuration.
A study on Big Data technologies, challenges and impact on Internet of Things

The amount of data is growing every day. In a many application areas, data is being collected at an extraordinary scale. Decisions based on guesswork, or oncarefully constructed models of reality, can now be made based on the data itself. Some of the application in areas includes mobile services, retail,manufacturing, financial services, medical sciences, education and physical sciences.Big Data has made progress in numerous domains. Although Internet of Things happens to be different, it is linked to Big Data.
Bayesian fusion: Application in medical imaging
Venue: 2016 17th International Conference on Sciences and Techniques of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering (STA)

In this paper, we present a method of fusion of medical MRI images based on a probabilistic approach to identify a brain lesion. The aim is to obtain a segmented image from two MRI images T1 and T2 representing the same scene captured at the same time by a patient. To develop such an approach, in a first step, pre processing is necessary (registration and filtering) of two images to prepare them for fusion. Then, considering that the MRI image is made up of three classes "White Matter" "Gray Matter" and "Cerebrospinal Fluid" assumes that the resulting image consists of the fusion of these classes. In a second step, the initial parameters of each class (mean and standard deviation) of each image are deduced from a Gaussian modeling of their histograms. These parameters are used to calculate the probabilities a priori of belonging of the pixels to the different classes mentioned above. Finally, a first fusion image is obtained by applying the maximum likelihood method  From the first image, the parameters of each class are updated to be used the second time, and then the same operations are repeated until no pixel changes classes from one iteration to another.
Customer's operant resources effects on co creation activities

This study analyses the influence of client operant resources, in the form of self efficacy, bridging social capital and customer expertise, on co creation activities with companies and the customer resulting perceived benefits. A quantitative study, based on a sample of 362 consumers was carried out to test a model that sets out the relationships among the variables in analysis. The results demonstrate not only how operant resources do effectively contribute towards explaining a certain percentage of the variation in customer co creation activities, but also how this resources influence gets boosted by the efforts companies make to educate their customers. The results also show that co creation with the firm enhances customer perceived benefits.