nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Analyzing execution traces: critical path analysis and distance analysis
Venue: International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer

System designers make trade offs between metrics of interest such as execution time, functional quality and cost to create a properly balanced system. Execution traces, which are sequences of timestamped start and end events of system tasks, are a general and powerful means to understand the system behavior that gives rise to these trade offs. Such traces can be produced by, e.g. executable models or prototype systems. Their interpretation, however, often is non trivial. We present two automated analysis techniques that work on execution traces to help the system designer with interpretation. First, critical path analysis can be used to answer the typical "what is the bottleneck" question, and we extend earlier work of [16] with a technique that uses application information to refine the analysis. Second, we define a pseudo metric on execution traces, which is useful for calibration and validation purposes, and which can be used to visualize the differences between traces. Both techniques are based on a common graph representation of execution traces. We have implemented our techniques in the Trace visualization tool  and have applied them in a case study from the digital printing domain.
The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease at 25 years
Venue: EMBO molecular medicine

Despite continuing debate about the amyloid b protein (or Ab hypothesis, new lines of evidence from laboratories and clinics worldwide support the concept that an imbalance between production and clearance of Ab42 and related Ab peptides is a very early, often initiating factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) Confirmation that presenilin is the catalytic site of g secretase has provided a linchpin: all dominant mutations causing early onset AD occur either in the substrate (amyloid precursor protein, APP) or the protease (presenilin) of the reaction that generates Ab. Duplication of the wild type APP gene in Down's syndrome leads to Ab deposits in the teens, followed by microgliosis, astrocytosis, and neurofibrillary tangles typical of AD. Apolipoprotein E4, which predisposes to AD in 40% of cases, has been found to impair Ab clearance from the brain. Soluble oligomers of Ab42 isolated from AD patients' brains can decrease synapse number, inhibit long term potentiation, and enhance long term synaptic depression in rodent hippocampus, and injecting them into healthy rats impairs memory. The human oligomers also induce hyperphosphorylation of tau at AD relevant epitopes and cause neuritic dystrophy in cultured neurons. Crossing human APP with human tau transgenic mice enhances tau positive neurotoxicity. In humans, new studies show that low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Ab42 and amyloid PET positivity precede other AD manifestations by many years. Most importantly, recent trials of three different Ab antibodies (solanezumab, crenezumab, and aducanumab) have suggested a slowing of cognitive decline in post hoc analyses of mild AD subjects. Although many factors contribute to AD pathogenesis, Ab dyshomeostasis has emerged as the most extensively validated and compelling therapeutic target.
The Social Salience Hypothesis of Oxytocin
Venue: Biological Psychiatry

Oxytocin is a nonapeptide that also serves as a neuromodulator in the human central nervous system. Over the last decade, a sizeable body of literature has examined its effects on social behavior in humans. These studies show that oxytocin modulates various aspects of social behaviors such as empathy, trust, in group preference, and memory of socially relevant cues. Several theoretical formulations have attempted to explain the effects of oxytocin. The prosocial account argues that oxytocin mainly enhances affiliative prosocial behaviors; the fear/stress theory suggests that oxytocin affects social performance by attenuating stress; and the in /out group approach proposes that oxytocin regulates cooperation and conflict among humans in the context of intergroup relations. Nonetheless, accumulating evidence reveals that the effects of oxytocin are dependent on a variety of contextual aspects and the individual's characteristics and can induce antisocial effects including aggression and envy. In an attempt to reconcile these accounts, we suggest a theoretical framework that focuses on the overarching role of oxytocin in regulating the salience of social cues through its interaction with the dopaminergic system. Crucially, the salience effect modulates attention orienting responses to external contextual social cues (e.g. competitive vs. cooperative environment) but is dependent on baseline individual differences such as gender, personality traits, and degree of psychopathology. This view could have important implications for the therapeutic applications of oxytocin in conditions characterized with aberrant social behavior.
A Method of Generating Multi Scale Disc Like Distributions for NDT Registration Algorithm

Thick distributions whose mass centers are hanging in the air is one reason lowering the accuracy of Normal Distributions Transform (NDT) This paper proposes a method to solve this problem. The proposed method is transforming reference point cloud to disc like distributions fitting the structure of point cloud. The subdivision of cells is based on octree, and it subdivides point cloud by different sizes of cells. By Principal Component Analysis (PCA) it finds fitting plane for the partial reference point cloud in each cell. It compares the Mean Square Error (MSE) to the threshold value to evaluate the flatness of the partial point cloud. If the cloud is not flat, the corresponding cell is subdivided to smaller cells, and those cells subdivide the cloud once more. The proposed method recursively subdivides reference point cloud until no more partial point cloud is possible to be subdivided. The experiment evaluates the loss of data and the error related to In addition, the flat distributions transformed from reference point cloud is shown.
A Literature Based Analysis of People's Roles in Business Process Management
Venue: AMCIS

A lot of organizations strive for process orientation to increase their performance. The change from function orientation towards process orientation is a huge project which considers changes in organizational structures but also used information technologies. But many companies struggle by implementing and operating processes successfully. In the last years, culture has examined extensively to be one of the drivers for successful process management. In this context, people have been identified as an important factor for the success of process initiatives. Despite their relevance, only scarce research deals with people as a distinct and fundamental factor in process management as well as in the overall project to achieve process orientation. Goal of this paper is to analyze the different roles of people in process management. Therefore, a literature review is conducted to provide an overview of existing research.
Business Process Management in Transition Economies: Current Research Landscape and Future Opportunities
Venue: AMCIS

Business Process Management (BPM) is an approach of improving organizational performance by managing and optimizing business processes. While BPM is extremely popular in mature economies, reports are scarce about its use in transition economies, which are countries in the process of moving from a centrally planned economic system to a market driven system. To assess the current research landscape on BPM in transition economies, we conduct a systematic literature review and use the six core elements of BPM framework for the analysis of 29 papers. Our review confirms the early stage of research on BPM in transition economies; two factors, People and Culture, are hardly examined. Furthermore, we propose to extend the six core elements of BPM framework by adding two key factors: External Environment and Ownership of Organization. The resulting eight core elements of BPM framework provides a robust theoretical foundation while pointing to multiple avenues for future research.
Approaches towards business process management adoption under different organizational cultures doctoral dissertation

This study reviews the main research findings on BPM adoption in connection to organizational culture, specifically the different types of organizational culture defined by Cameron and Quinn (2006) The findings show there are only a handful of papers that discuss the relationship between the different organizational culture types and BPM adoption. These papers suggest there are significant differences in how different culture types impact the adoption of BPM. However, this topic is still under researched. There is a gap in the empirical literature directly examining the correlation between culture types and process performance. In addition, the literature does not address the approach to BPM adoption under different culture types, although the importance of a fit between BPM and organizational culture is well recognised. Based on the structured literature review, a framework is proposed that shows the relationship between organizational culture, the approach to BPM adoption, and the success of BPM adoption. The framework can serve as a starting point for structuring future research on this topic, which is necessary to gain a better understanding of the relationship between the different organizational culture types and BPM adoption. Ultimately, these findings could help improve the success rate of BPM projects in practice.
Unmasking a Role for Noninvasive Ventilation in Early Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
Venue: JAMA

Proposals to use a helmetlike interface for noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIV) can be traced back to more than a century ago. Among the earliest descriptions, Brauer and Petersen,1 in 1904, developed a helmetlike positive pressure ventilation "cabinet" to be placed around the patient's head, with an air tight seal formed via a soft neck collar. This prescient invention garnered little attention at the time. Instead, negative pressure ventilation via the "iron lung" gained widespread use to treat respiratory failure from polio and was superseded by endotracheal intubation for invasive mechanical ventilation by the 1960s. Although the physics of various mechanical ventilation devices is similar (pressure difference between airway opening and alveolus drives airflow) the interface used can have important implications for features of mechanical support possible, access of health care personnel to the patient, and comfort of the patient that may influence efficacy.
Successful management of H1N1 related severe acute respiratory distress syndrome with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation.
Venue: Annals of translational medicine

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life threatening complication of H1N1 pneumonia. According to the Berlin conference guidelines, severe ARDS requires management with early invasive mechanical ventilation. Whether noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) should be attempted in patients with H1N1 pneumonia is still a matter of debate. We report the case of one patient with severe ARDS without other organ failure. The patient was managed successfully using NIPPV. Endotracheal intubation was avoided and the patient was discharged from the intensive care unit (ICU) after 10 days with a successful outcome. NIPPV can be useful in patients with isolated severe H1N1 ARDS provided early improvement of the oxygenation parameters is achieved. Patients with multiple organ failure or with persistent severe hypoxemia under noninvasive ventilation should be electively intubated and started on invasive mechanical ventilation.
Multicast Due Date Round Robin Scheduling Algorithm for Input Queued Switches

In recent years, the Internet has incremented the several incipient applications that rely on multicast transmission. This paper discusses the challenges of scheduling algorithms for multicast in high speed switches that reduces the overhead of adaptation by selecting a HOL (Head of Line Cell) using Round Robin pointer. The objective of this paper is to design a scheduling algorithm called MDDR (Multicast Due Date Round Robin) scheduling to achieve maximum throughput and low delay that has two phases request and grant. In request phase, MDDR assigns a Due Date (Request Time Slot) for HOL cells of each queue in the input port.  Robin Pointer is utilized in the grant phase to select a request if HOL occurs. MDDR achieves more preponderant performance than MDRR (Multicast Dual Round Robin) since the request shall be made when the Due Date is reached. MDDR mainly minimizes many requests made for output ports and time complexity. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has good switching performance in throughput and average time delay under Bernoulli and bursty traffic conditions.
Long term exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution and the risk of lung cancer among participants of the Canadian National Breast Screening Study
Venue: International journal of cancer

Recently, air pollution has been classified as a carcinogen largely on the evidence of epidemiological studies of lung cancer. However, there have been few prospective studies that have evaluated associations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and cancer at lower concentrations. We conducted a prospective analysis of 89,234 women enrolled in the Canadian National Breast Screening Study between 1980 and 1985, and for whom residential measures of PM2.5 could be assigned. The cohort was linked to the Canadian Cancer Registry to identify incident lung cancers through 2004. Surface PM2.5 concentrations were estimated using satellite data. Cox proportional hazards models were used to characterize associations between PM2.5 and lung cancer. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) computed from these models were adjusted for several individual level characteristics, including smoking. The cohort was composed predominantly of Canadian born (82% married (80% women with a median PM2.5 exposure of 9.1 ug/m3. In total, 932 participants developed lung cancer. In fully adjusted models, a 10 ug/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with an elevated risk of lung cancer (HR: 1.34; 95% CI 1.10, 1.65) The strongest associations were observed with small cell carcinoma (HR: 1.53; 95% CI 0.93, 2.53) and adenocarcinoma (HR: 1.44; 95% CI 1.06, 1.97) Stratified analyses suggested increased PM2.5 risks were limited to those who smoked cigarettes. Our findings are consistent with previous epidemiological investigations of long term exposure to PM2.5 and lung cancer. Importantly, they suggest associations persist at lower concentrations such as those currently found in Canadian cities.
The role of traditionality in the relationships among parental support, career decision making self efficacy and career adaptability

Integrating career construction (Savickas, 2013) and cognitive evaluation (Ryan Deci, 2002) theories, we examined the moderating role of traditionality beliefs in the indirect relationships among parental support, career decision making self efficacy and career adaptability among Chinese university students. Data were collected from 731 undergraduate students in China at two measurement periods, 18 months apart. Results showed that Time 1 parental support was associated positively with Time 1 career decision making self efficacy and Time 2 career adaptability. In addition, the conditional indirect effects of Time 1 parental support in predicting Time 2 career adaptability via Time 1 career decision making self efficacy were stronger among students with low as opposed to high traditionality beliefs. The implications of the results in terms of theory and practice are discussed.
Family Influence on Career Decision Making

This study examined the nomological network for the Family Influence Scale in the United States and India. Specifically, the study assessed the relationship between family influences on career decision making and the constructs of family obligation, work volition, calling, work values, and occupational engagement across two countries. A total of 136 U.S. participants and 377 participants from India responded to a survey via Amazon Mechanical Turk. The study found support for the construct validity and the four different types of family influences both between the United States and the Indian population. Family influence was correlated in expected ways with family obligation, work volition, work values, calling, and occupational engagement.
Planning and Evaluation of Rural Road Network Connectivity Using GIS

Rural road connectivity, and its sustained availability, is a key component of rural development. Rural roads are connecting areas of production with markets and connecting these with each other or to the state and national highways. The unavailability of database is major constrain to the access of rural roads. This paper envisages consolidation of the existing rural road network to improve its overall efficiency as a provider of transportation services for people, goods and services. This study has undertaken an extended attempt to develop geographic information system (GIS) based rural road database so that planners, decision makers, researchers and other different level authorities in the rural road sector will be benefited from the final output. The study area is located in Warangal District, Telangana, India. Network analysis has been conducted to select shortest path, service area accessibility, and closest facility, location allocation of a facility and shows the vehicle routing in terms of travel time, between two locations in the study area and towards rural hubs. The average travel times were observed from the field surveys. Rural hubs has been selected, from 46 habitations found in the study area, based on the cumulative weightage of rural infrastructures and the number of trough routes they have. Furthermore, an evaluation of road network has done based on the connectivity measures before and after identification of critical links of the network and also identifies the centroid point of the network by measuring the connectivity values of the nodes. The paper also focused on development of planning model for upgradation of rural roads based on the link weightage and pavement condition index (PCI) of the road.
Las mujeres en la historia de la ciencia argentina: una revision critica de la bibliografia

En el presente trabajo se expone una revision critica de algunos estudios historicos dedicados a la participacion femenina en las ciencias en la primera mitad de siglo XX de la Argentina. El objetivo consiste en comparar algunos trabajos relevantes para considerar la contribucion de distintos enfoques y perspectivas en el analisis de la participacion de diferentes actores en la practica cotidiana de la ciencia, tanto "mujeres" como otros agentes. Tambien se discuten los limites de las practicas e identidades asignadas a "lo femenino" y "lo masculino" en cada situacion, trayectoria y contexto especifico
Institucionalizacion y Profesionalizacion de la Historia de la Psicologia como Especialidad en Estados Unidos: Influencias de la Historia, la Sociologia y la Filosofia de la Ciencia

Se analiza, desde un modelo historico sociologico, la consolidacion y profesionalizacion de la Historia de la Psicologia en el marco de la emergencia disciplinar de la Historia de las Ciencias del Comportamiento en Estados Unidos. Desde una perspectiva metodologica historica, se describe primero el modelo historiografico de Edwin Boring, enraizado en el experimentalismo. Se describen luego las recensiones del campo que, hacia 1960, realizaron Robert Watson y Robert Young. Se sintetizan los avances profesionales e institucionales mas importantes del campo, enfatizando los Cursos de Verano de Historia de la Psicologia. La ponderacion de estos avances formativos revela su centralidad tanto para la profesionalizacion del campo como para la incorporacion de influencias extra disciplinarias, provenientes de la historiografia, la sociologia y la filosofia de la ciencia, especialmente en la historia social o sociologica de la psicologia. Se concluye que la profesionalizacion fue motorizada en gran medida por estas instancias y sus protagonistas.
Un caso de Historia de la Ciencia para aprender Naturaleza de la Ciencia: Semmelweis y la fiebre puerperal

The Semmelweis case is presented as an interesting story of the History of Science to address in science classroom a set of questions related to the Nature of Science (NOS) from an explicit and reflective approach. The teaching proposal is aimed to the prospective Secondary Education science teachers training in NOS issues and its didactics. Attention is given to both epistemic and non epistemic aspects in the text of Semmelweis case and the NOS questions asked. Also, some methodological recommendations for implementing and assessing the didactic proposal in science classroom are offered.
Portal vein thrombosis relevance on liver cirrhosis: Italian Venous Thrombotic Events Registry
Venue: Internal and Emergency Medicine

AbstractPortal vein thrombosis may occur in cirrhosis; nevertheless, its prevalence, and predictors are still elusive. To investigate this issue, the Italian Society of Internal Medicine undertook the "Portal vein thrombosis Relevance On Liver cirrhosis: Italian Venous thrombotic Events Registry" (PRO LIVER) This prospective multicenter study includes consecutive cirrhotic patients undergoing Doppler ultrasound examination of the portal area to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of portal vein thrombosis over a 2 year scheduled follow up. Seven hundred and fifty three (68 men; 64 12 years) patients were included in the present analysis. Fifty percent of the cases were cirrhotic outpatients. Viral (44 etiology was predominant. Around half of the patients had a mild severity disease according to the Child Pugh score; hepatocellular carcinoma was present in 20 The prevalence of ultrasound detected portal vein thrombosis was 17 (n 126) it was asymptomatic in 43 of the cases. Notably, more than half of the portal vein thrombosis patients (n 81) were not treated with anticoagulant therapy. Logistic step forward multivariate analysis demonstrated that previous portal vein thrombosis (p 0.001) Child Pugh Class B C (p 0.001) hepatocellular carcinoma (p 0.01) previous upper gastrointestinal bleeding (p 0.030) and older age (p 0.012) were independently associated with portal vein thrombosis. Portal vein thrombosis is a frequent complication of cirrhosis, particularly in patients with moderate severe liver failure. The apparent undertreatment of patients with portal vein thrombosis is a matter of concern and debate, which should be addressed by planning interventional trials especially with newer oral anticoagulants.