nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Water accessibility impact on girl and women's participation in education and other development activities: the case of Wuchale and Jidda Woreda, Ethiopia
Venue: Environmental Systems Research

BackgroundEthiopia has huge water resource potential. However, it contributed little to access to clean and safe drinking water supply and socio economic development. The objective of this study was to assess water accessibility, its source and impact on females participation in education and other development activities at Wuchale and Jidda Woreda.MethodsTo achieve this, multiple stage sampling system was used and in the first stage two kebele were purposively selected from each Woreda based on water accessibility problems. Accordingly, a total of 197 households were selected systematically and data collection were made using questionnaire, interview, and focus group discussion. Data analysis were made using statistical package for social science (SPSS version 20.0) and Microsoft excel. Descriptive statistics, Chi square, cross tabulation and regression analysis were used as analysis tools.ResultsThe result of the study identified river (49.24 as major source of drinking water followed by unprotected spring, pond, hand dung boreholes and improved water supply point which account about 41.11, 7.11, 2.03 and 0.51 respectively. Access to safe drinking water is the major strange, as reiterated by 95 of the respondent. The finding also showed that the average per capita per day per person was about 14 litter which is less than WHO standard (20 litter) and GTP of Ethiopia (15 litter) An individual get water by going an average distance of 2.78 0.81 km from their residential area which was greater than the maximum distance standard (1 km) set by WHO and UNICEF; and 1.5 km by Ministry of Water and Energy in universal access plan and gross and transformation document of Ethiopia. The study also showed that about 5.23 2.82 h per day were spent by girls and females for fetching water. Even after going long distance and spending a lots hours per day, the water they got lack sanitation and hygiene since they use in common with livestock and other living thing. Poor access to safe drinking water coupled with illiteracy (73.1 and water borne disease prevalence, greatly influenced the participation of girls and female in education, agricultural production and other development activities at study area.ConclusionsHence, urgent response with regard to providing access to safe drinking water should be given to the community by concerned body.
Discussion on Customer Experience Model of B2C E commerce Logistics Enterprises Based on TAM Model

The service of E Commerce logistics enterprises in our country is unable to meet the needs of consumers. The good customer experience can promote consumer s perception of the service level of E Commerce logistics enterprises. The paper elaborates the factors affecting customer experience from website usefulness, website ease of use, transaction costs, customer participation and interactivity, Internet word of mouth five aspects combined with previous research literatures; establishes customer experience model of B2C e commerce logistics enterprises based on the TAM model and points out the directions for future research.
Research on Evaluation of Customer Experience of B2C E commerce Logistics Enterprises

With the rapid development of E commerce, more and more enterprises attach great importance to customer experience, and B2C E commerce logistics enterprises make no exception. The good customer experience can promote consumer s' perception of the service level of ECommerce logistics enterprises. This paper establishes index system customer experience of B2C E commerce logistics enterprises, uses analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each level index, establishes the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, finally the case study shows that it is reasonable and credible to evaluate customer experience of B2C E commerce logistics enterprises with analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.
Perceived managerial functions in the front end phase of innovation

The purpose of this paper is to explore managerial functions and related activities of inexperienced project managers in the front end of the innovation (FEI) process.  In total, 15 student project managers were interviewed while they were engaged in the front end phase of their respective eight month projects. In total, 757 interview transcript segments on their perceptions of managerial functions were categorized based on thematic similarity of content.  Four major managerial functions emerged: providing structural support, coordinating and acting as a link, empowering the team, and encouraging and providing social support. Out of these, traditional task oriented managerial functions were emphasized.  Although limited by the small amount of participants in a university setting, the results suggest that task oriented managerial functions are dominant even in the FEI for inexperienced project managers. More research is nee.
Consensus on the solubility of NaCl in water from computer simulations using the chemical potential route.
Venue: The Journal of chemical physics

The solubility of NaCl in water is evaluated by using three force field models: Joung Cheatham for NaCl dissolved in two different water models (SPC/E and TIP4P/2005) and Smith Dang NaCl model in SPC/E water. The methodology based on free energy calculations [E. Sanz and C. Vega,  (2007) and [J. L. Aragones et al.  (2012) has been used, except, that all calculations for the NaCl in solution were obtained by using molecular dynamics simulations with the GROMACS package instead of homemade MC programs. We have explored new lower molalities and made longer runs to improve the accuracy of the calculations. Exploring the low molality region allowed us to obtain an analytical expression for the chemical potential of the ions in solution as a function of molality valid for a wider range of molalities, including the infinite dilute case. These new results are in better agreement with recent estimations of the solubility obtained with other methodologies. Besides, two empirical simple rules have been obtained to have a rough estimate of the solubility of a certain model, by analyzing the ionic pairs formation as a function of molality and/or by calculating the difference between the NaCl solid chemical potential and the standard chemical potential of the salt in solution.
Solubility of NaCl in water and its melting point by molecular dynamics in the slab geometry and a new BK3 compatible force field.
Venue: The Journal of chemical physics

Saturated concentration of rock salt in water is determined by a simulation of brine in contact with a crystal in the slab geometry. The NaCl crystals are rotated to expose facets with higher Miller indices than [001] to brine. The rock salt melting point is obtained by both the standard and adiabatic simulations in the slab geometry with attention paid to finite size effects as well as to a possible influence of facets with higher Miller indices and applied stress. Two force fields are used, the Lennard Jones based model by Young and Cheatham with SPC/E water and the Kiss and Baranyai polarizable model with BK3 water. The latter model is refitted to thermomechanical properties of crystal NaCl leading to better values of solubility and the melting point.
Quantitative Raman Spectroscopic Measurements of CO2 Solubility in NaCl Solution from (273.15 to 473.15) K at p (10.0, 20.0, 30.0, and 40.0) MPa

The knowledge of high pressure phase behavior of the CO2 H2O NaCl system in a wide T P mNaCl range is of great interest in the injection of CO2 to deep reservoir for storage or enhancement of oil recovery (EOR) The calculation of CO2 solubility in brine is very important to predict the CO2 storage capacity in saline aquifers. However, CO2 solubility data at high salinity and high pressure are limited, and few thermodynamic models can accurately predict CO2 solubility when salinity is higher than 4.5 mol/kg. In this study, a noninvasive technique, quantitative Raman spectroscopy, was used to investigate the high pressure equilibria of the CO2 H2O NaCl system. A total of 180 solubility data points were obtained for carbon dioxide in (1, 3, and 5) mol/kg NaCl solutions from (273.15 to 473.15) K up to 40 MPa. New parameters were derived to improve the Duan type solubility model, thus it can be applied in CO2 sequestration and EOR to accurately calculate the solubility of CO2 in NaCl aqueous solution up to 6
Experimental Measurement of CO2 Solubility in Aqueous NaCl Solution at Temperature from 323.15 to 423.15 K and Pressure of up to 20 MPa

Interest in CO2 solubility in brine at high pressure and high temperature has grown in the last few decades. Solubility data are especially important in petroleum geology, carbon capture and geological storage, and geothermal reservoir engineering. Nevertheless, for the CO2 NaCl H2O system there are fewer solubility data available in literature, particularly at high salt molality. A high pressure experimental device was designed to perform measurements for carbon dioxide solubility in a complex aqueous solution. The apparatus was first validated from experiment on the CO2 pure water system at 323.15 K by comparison with literature data. Thirty six new experimental solubility data point were obtained in the pressure range between 5 and 20 MPa at three temperatures (323.15, 373.15, and 423.15 K) and at three molalities of NaCl (1, 3, and 6 moles per kilogram of water) Solubility measurements were obtained by potentiometric titration after sample trapping in a sodium hydroxide solution. The experimental.
Ingress of NaCl in concrete with alkali reactive aggregate: effect on silicon solubility

Enhanced damage due to the alkali silica reaction (ASR) in concrete exposed to deicing salt (NaCl) is usually attributed to binding of chloride ions in the hydration products of cement. To balance charge, OH ions are released into the concrete pore solution which increases alkalinity. However, during NaCl ingress a decrease in the OH concentration of the concrete pore solution due to potassium leaching would reduce SiO2 solubility and therefore ASR damage. The present work combines expansion measurements with pore solution analysis by ICP OES and XRD measurements on concretes and hydrated cement pastes. Solubility equilibria calculations were performed with the hydrogeochemical simulation program PHREEQC. The investigations show that the OH concentration of the pore solution is mainly lowered by potassium leaching during NaCl ingress. The OH concentration also decreases owing to the formation of Friedel's salt from ettringite which is associated with the release of sulphate. Although the OH concentration with NaCl is lower, ASR damage is intensified and the silicon concentration in the pore solution is higher. Higher silicon solubility is explained by the higher total alkali concentration which increases surface silicate solubility, the formation of an aqueous complex NaHSiO30 and a higher ionic strength. These effects promote the sensitivity of silicate minerals to ASR, the formation of alkali silica gel and finally ASR damage.
Solubility of CO2 in water and NaCl solution in equilibrium with hydrate. Part I: Experimental measurement

In this work, the formation conditions of CO2 hydrate in different solutions were measured and calculated by the Chen Guo hydrate model. Then, the solubility of CO2 in water in equilibrium with hydrate were determined and compared with reference data. The good agreement between the experimental and reference values demonstrates the reliability of the apparatus and method in this work. Finally, we measured the solubility of CO2 in 1.0 wt% 3.0 wt% and 3.6 wt% NaCl solutions in equilibrium with hydrate under near temperature and pressure conditions of seabed. The influences of temperature, pressure and NaCl concentration on the solubility of CO2 were also investigated. The results show that the solubility of CO2 in NaCl solution is less than that in water. It increases with the temperature, and decreases with the pressure and concentration of NaCl.
Review on use of phase change materials in battery thermal management for electric and hybrid electric vehicles

The battery electric vehicle is evolving and has the potential to replace conventional internal combustion based vehicles in the future. Batteries are the major power source of these vehicles. A thermal management system is required for a battery to attain effective operation and long life in all environmental conditions. Although several types of thermal management system are available, there remains a need to address various issues like high power consumption, narrow optimum temperature range and operation in varying climates. Phase change materials can assist in resolving these issues. In this paper, battery thermal management systems for electric and hybrid electric vehicles are reviewed, and challenges and opportunities for battery electric vehicles are discussed. Cooling strategies used in various thermal management systems are explained. Applications of and issues regarding the use of phase change materials in thermal management systems are also reviewed. Potential bottlenecks that need to be addressed in electric vehicle technology are explained, as are important achievement milestones and trends regarding the growth of the electric vehicle industry. It is shown that using graphite can increase thermal conductivity of PCMs by up to 70 W m 1K 1. Some commercially available passive thermal management systems for batteries use wax and graphite, which can increase the driving range of an electric scooter from 30 km to 55 km.
Social functioning in major depressive disorder
Venue: Neuroscience Biobehavioral Reviews

Depression is associated with social risk factors, social impairments and poor social functioning. This paper gives an overview of these social aspects using the NIMH Research and Domain Criteria 'Systems for Social Processes' as a framework. In particular, it describes the bio psycho social interplay regarding impaired affiliation and attachment (social anhedonia, hyper sensitivity to social rejection, competition avoidance, increased altruistic punishment) impaired social communication (impaired emotion recognition, diminished cooperativeness) impaired social perception (reduced empathy, theory of mind deficits) and their impact on social networks and the use of social media. It describes these dysfunctional social processes at the behavioural, neuroanatomical, neurochemical and genetic levels, and with respect to animal models of social stress. We discuss the diagnostic specificity of these social deficit constructs for depression and in relation to depression severity. Since social factors are importantly involved in the pathogenesis and the consequences of depression, such research will likely contribute to better diagnostic assessments and concepts, treatments and preventative strategies both at the diagnostic and transdiagnostic level.
A Real Time Parking Prediction System for Smart Cities
Venue: J. Intell. Transp. Syst.

A methodological framework for multiple steps ahead parking availability prediction is presented. Two different types of predictions are provided: the probability of a free space to continue being free in subsequent time intervals, and the short term parking occupancy prediction in selected regions of an urban road network. The available data come from a wide network of on street parking sensors in the "smart" city of Santander, Spain. The sensor network is segmented in four different regions, and then survival and neural network models are developed for each region separately. Findings show that the Weibull parametric models best describe the probability of a parking space to continue to be free in the forthcoming time intervals. Moreover, simple genetically optimized multilayer perceptrons accurately predict region parking occupancy rates up to 30 minutes in the future by exploiting 1 minute data. Finally, the real time, Web based, implementation of the proposed parking prediction availability system is presented.
Smart parking systems: A survey
Venue: 2016 11th International Conference on Intelligent Systems: Theories and Applications (SITA)

Not finding a parking space for you sometimes is indeed a critical issue. The number of vehicles is also increasing daily adding to the parking vows at public places. Cities noticed that their drivers had real problems to find a parking space easily especially during peak hours, the difficulty roots from not knowing where the parking spaces are available at the given time. Even if this is known, many vehicles may pursue a small number of parking spaces which in turn leads to traffic congestion. The traffic on roads and parking space has been an area of concern in majority of cities. So, parking monitoring is an important solution. To avoid these problems, recently many new technologies have been developed that help in solving the parking problems to a great extent. Firstly, this paper gives an overview about the concept of smart parking system, their categories and different functionalities. Then we present the latest developments in parking infrastructures. We describe the technologies around parking availability monitoring, parking reservation and dynamic pricing and see how they are utilized in different settings. In addition, a theoretical comparison is presented to show advantages and drawbacks of each different smart parking system to discuss results and open directions for future research.
Monocular 3D Object Detection for Autonomous Driving
Venue: 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

The goal of this paper is to perform 3D object detection from a single monocular image in the domain of autonomous driving. Our method first aims to generate a set of candidate class specific object proposals, which are then run through a standard CNN pipeline to obtain high quality object detections. The focus of this paper is on proposal generation. In particular, we propose an energy minimization approach that places object candidates in 3D using the fact that objects should be on the ground plane. We then score each candidate box projected to the image plane via several intuitive potentials encoding semantic segmentation, contextual information, size and location priors and typical object shape. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that our object proposal generation approach significantly outperforms all monocular approaches, and achieves the best detection performance on the challenging KITTI benchmark, among published monocular competitors.
Real time road traffic density estimation using block variance
Venue: 2016 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV)

The increasing demand for urban mobility calls for a robust real time traffic monitoring system. In this paper we present a vision based approach for road traffic density estimation which forms the fundamental building block of traffic monitoring systems. Existing techniques based on vehicle counting and tracking suffer from low accuracy due to sensitivity to illumination changes, occlusions, congestions etc. In addition, existing holistic based methods cannot be implemented in real time due to high computational complexity. In this paper we propose a block based holistic approach to estimate traffic density which does not rely on pixel based analysis, therefore significantly reducing the computational cost. The proposed method employs variance as a means for detecting the occupancy of vehicles on pre defined blocks and incorporates a shadow elimination scheme to prevent false positives. In order to take into account varying illumination conditions, a low complexity scheme for continuous background update is employed. Empirical evaluations on publicly available datasets demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve real time performance and has comparable accuracy with existing high complexity holistic methods.
Research on 3D reconstruction method of human computer interaction scene based on support vector machine in cloud manufacturing environment
Venue: Multimedia Tools and Applications

In three dimensional (3D) reconstruction of human computer interaction scene images in cloud manufacturing environment, the traditional method recovers the depth information directly for projection mapping, which reduces 3D image reconstruction accuracy. A 3D reconstruction method for human computer interaction scene images is proposed based on support vector machine, the human computer interaction scene image in cloud manufacturing environment is pretreated, using extremum algorithm to detect noise in human computer interaction scene images, through multi windows filtering method to filter pixels contaminated by noise. Using dynamic scene estimation method to enhance the human computer interaction scene images in cloud manufacturing environment. Corner features of the human computer interaction image are inquired, and extracted feature vectors are input into support vector machine to learn, and the immune algorithm is introduced to adjust the parameters and get the outlined structure of 3D human computer interaction scene images, to realize the image 3D reconstruction. The experimental results show that in cloud manufacturing environment, the proposed method has high accuracy on reconstruction and authenticity.
Information Security Assessment by Quantifying Risk Level of Network Vulnerabilities

With increasing dependency on IT infrastructure, the main objective of a system administrator is to maintain a stable and secure network, with ensure that the network is robust enough against malicious network users like attackers and intruders. Security risk management provides way to manage the growing threats to infrastructures or system. This paper proposes a framework for risk level estimation that uses vulnerability database National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Vulnerability Database (NVD) and the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) The proposedframework measuresthe frequency of vulnerability exploitation; converges this measured frequency with standard CVSS score and estimates the security risk levelwhich helps in automated and reasonable security management. In this paper, equation for the Temporal score calculation with respect to availability of remediation plan is derived and further, frequency of exploitation is calculated with determined temporal score. The frequency of exploitation along with CVSS score is used to calculate the security risk level of the system. The proposed framework uses the CVSS vectors for risk level estimation and measures the security level of specific network environment, which assists system administrator for
Software and attack centric integrated threat modeling for quantitative risk assessment
Venue: HotSoS

One step involved in the security engineering process is threat modeling. Threat modeling involves understanding the complexity of the system and identifying all of the possible threats, regardless of whether or not they can be exploited. Proper identification of threats and appropriate selection of countermeasures reduces the ability of attackers to misuse the system. This paper presents a quantitative, integrated threat modeling approach that merges software and attack centric threat modeling techniques. The threat model is composed of a system model representing the physical and network infrastructure layout, as well as a component model illustrating component specific threats. Component attack trees allow for modeling specific component contained attack vectors, while system attack graphs illustrate multi component, multi step attack vectors across the system. The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) is leveraged to provide a standardized method of quantifying the low level vulnerabilities in the attack trees. As a case study, a railway communication network is used, and the respective results using a threat modeling software tool are presented.