nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacoinformatic and molecular docking studies reveal potential novel antidepressants against neurodegenerative disorders by targeting HSPB8
Venue: Drug design, development and therapy

Charcot Marie Tooth (CMT) disease is an inherited peripheral neuromuscular disorder characterized by length dependent and progressive degeneration of peripheral nerves, leading to muscular weakness. Research has shown that mutated HSPB8 may be responsible for depression, neurodegenerative disorders, and improper functioning of peripheral nerves, resulting in neuromuscular disorders like CMT. In the current work, a hybrid approach of virtual screening and molecular docking studies was followed by homology modeling and pharmacophore identification. Detailed screening analyses were carried out by 2 D similarity search against prescribed antidepressant drugs with physicochemical properties. LigandScout was employed to ascertain novel molecules and pharmacophore properties. In this study, we report three novel compounds that showed maximum binding affinity with HSPB8. Docking analysis elucidated that Met37, Ser57, Ser58, Trp60, Thr63, Thr114, Lys115, Asp116, Gly117, Val152, Val154, Leu186, Asp189, Ser190, Gln191, and Glu192 are critical residues for ligand receptor interactions. Our analyses suggested paroxetine as a potent compound for targeting HSPB8. Selected compounds have more effective energy scores than the selected drug analogs. Additionally, site directed mutagenesis could be significant for further analysis of the binding pocket. The novel findings based on an in silico approach may be momentous for potent drug design against depression and CMT.
Voluntary CSR disclosure on company's website: an empirical evidence from Pakistan

Corporate social responsibility (CSD) disclosure is an emerging trend among businesses. Companies pursue CSR practices and disclose them to stakeholders to gain competitive edge in marketplace along with various other benefits. The present study examines the CSD practices of Pakistani companies which were awarded by National Forum for Environment and Health (NFEH) in 2012 for their best corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices. This research intended to find whether these companies disclose their CSR data on their websites? Furthermore, what is the extent and quality of this data? Analysis revealed that 24 companies disclosed CSR data by focusing three main dimensions: environment, social and economic. Eight out of twenty four companies issued standalone CSR reports. However, 12 companies do not have CSR data and even national websites. It was also witnessed that the websites were seriously lacking the level of interactivity in terms of CSR related contact person's name, contact numbers and addresses. This is a highlighter study inviting the attention of scholars to investigate their country's perspective through detailed exploratory tools.
Relationships between Self Efficacy and the Academic Procrastination Behaviour among University Students in Malaysia: A General Perspective

Procrastination behaviour is a common phenomenon among people. In educational setting it always related to the student academic performance. Past studies have shown that the tendency of student to procrastinate could affect their academic life. For example, studying in the last minute is a procrastination behaviour committed by the students. This study is conducted to explore the association between academic procrastination, self efficacy and academic performance among university students in Malaysia. The finding showed that most students are prone to procrastinate in their academic life. However in most cases it appears that the procrastination behaviour does not affect the student's academic performance. A similar situation also recorded where the self efficacy does not affect the tendency for student to procrastinate in their academic activities. It is suggested that in improving the student performance at the university the direct and indirect factors should be addressed including the academic procrastination behaviours. It was concluded that the student's academic performance is influenced not directly by procrastination behaviour but by other factors. Several suggestions and recommendations are also presented.
Towards the integration of process design, control and scheduling: Are we getting closer?
Venue: Comput. Chem. Eng.

The integration of design and control, control and scheduling and design, control and scheduling, all have been core PSE challenges. While significant progress has been achieved over the years, it is fair to say that at the moment there is not a generally accepted methodology and/or "protocol" for such an integration it is also interesting to note that currently, there is not a commercially available software [or even in a prototype form] system to fully support such an activity. Here, we present the foundations for such an integrated framework and especially a software platform that enables such integration based on research developments over the last 25 years. In particular, we describe PAROC, a prototype software system which allows for the representation, modeling and solution of integrated design, scheduling and control problems. Its main features include: (i) a high fidelity dynamic model representation, also involving global sensitivity analysis, parameter estimation and mixed integer dynamic optimization capabilities; (ii) a suite/toolbox of model approximation methods; (iii) a host of multi parametric programming solvers for mixed continuous/integer problems; (iv) a state space modeling representation capability for scheduling and control problems; and (v) an advanced toolkit for multi parametric/explicit Model Predictive Control and moving horizon reactive scheduling problems. Algorithms that enable the integration capabilities of the systems for design, scheduling and control are presented on a case of a series of cogeneration units.
Monitoring and auditing mobile operating systems
Venue: Int. J. Space Based Situated Comput.

The popularity and usage of mobile devices have increased and therefore performance demands changed. An important aspect is represented by the whole system stability which has a big impact on general user experience. This paper proposes a solution for improving the implementation process and stability of operating systems for mobile devices. It presents penetration testing techniques, in order to discover security vulnerabilities. The focus will be on the process of finding the bugs, the exploration part, and the exploitation will only be mentioned to highlight the importance of the vulnerabilities. The second part of the paper consists of a system service which collects the error messages and sends them to a server in order to perform a triage. Received data is saved, processed and then useful information is exposed to developers.
Invertible Conditional GANs for image editing
Venue: ArXiv

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have recently demonstrated to successfully approximate complex data distributions. A relevant extension of this model is conditional GANs (cGANs) where the introduction of external information allows to determine specific representations of the generated images. In this work, we evaluate encoders to inverse the mapping of a cGAN, i.e. mapping a real image into a latent space and a conditional representation. This allows, for example, to reconstruct and modify real images of faces conditioning on arbitrary attributes. Additionally, we evaluate the design of cGANs. The combination of an encoder with a cGAN, which we call Invertible cGAN (IcGAN) enables to re generate real images with deterministic complex modifications.
Finding fit: An exploratory look at SME brand orientation and brand management in the New Zealand food and beverage sector

Utilising Baumgarth's (2010) model of brand orientation in the business to business sector, we offer an in depth examination of brand orientation and brand management practices in a small sample of New Zealand based small and medium enterprises (SMEs) Interviews with entrepreneurs/founders/ CEOs in eight SMEs operating in the New Zealand food and beverage manufacturing sector were undertaken to consider the way in which entrepreneurial values drive branding and industry contingencies influence the building of brand norms and artefacts. In addition, we investigated the influence of brand norms, artefacts and contingency factors on SME brand management practices. Adapting Baumgarth's (2010) model to explore the antecedents of brand orientation in this context, our findings show that, while entrepreneurs drive the brand values initially, brand norms and artefacts appear neglected in our sample of SME organisations and this is due in part to the influence of external contingencies. We identify subsequent effects on the branding practices of small and emergent as well as more established SMEs, and discuss practices that provide best fit within domestic and export markets. Future directions are signalled that highlight the need for strong brand norms in SME organisations, particularly those that attempt to engage with consumers in the act of co creating brand value.
Inherited determinants of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis phenotypes: a genetic association study
Venue: The Lancet

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease; treatment strategies have historically been determined by this binary categorisation. Genetic studies have identified 163 susceptibility loci for inflammatory bowel disease, mostly shared between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. We undertook the largest genotype association study, to date, in widely used clinical subphenotypes of inflammatory bowel disease with the goal of further understanding the biological relations between diseases.  This study included patients from 49 centres in 16 countries in Europe, North America, and Australasia. We applied the Montreal classification system of inflammatory bowel disease subphenotypes to 34 819 patients (19 713 with Crohn's disease, 14 683 with ulcerative colitis) genotyped on the Immunochip array. We tested for genotype phenotype associations across 156 154 genetic variants. We generated genetic risk scores by combining information from all known inflammatory bowel disease associations to summarise the total load of genetic risk for a particular phenotype. We used these risk scores to test the hypothesis that colonic Crohn's disease, ileal Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis are all genetically distinct from each other, and to attempt to identify patients with a mismatch between clinical diagnosis and genetic risk profile.  After quality control, the primary analysis included 29 838 patients (16 902 with Crohn's disease, 12 597 with ulcerative colitis) Three loci (NOD2, MHC, and MST1 3p21) were associated with subphenotypes of inflammatory bowel disease, mainly disease location (essentially fixed over time; median follow up of 10*5 years) Little or no genetic association with disease behaviour (which changed dramatically over time) remained after conditioning on disease location and age at onset. The genetic risk score representing all known risk alleles for inflammatory bowel disease showed strong association with disease subphenotype (p=1*65 x 10 78) even after exclusion of NOD2, MHC, and 3p21 (p=9*23 x 10 18) Predictive models based on the genetic risk score strongly distinguished colonic from ileal Crohn's disease. Our genetic risk score could also identify a small number of patients with discrepant genetic risk profiles who were significantly more likely to have a revised diagnosis after follow up (p=6*8 x 10 4) Interpretation Our data support a continuum of disorders within inflammatory bowel disease, much better explained by three groups (ileal Crohn's disease, colonic Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis) than by Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis as currently defined. Disease location is an intrinsic aspect of a patient's disease, in part genetically determined, and the major driver to changes in disease behaviour over time.
Comparison of manual therapy and exercise therapy for postural hyperkyphosis: A randomized clinical trial
Venue: Physiotherapy theory and practice

To compare the efficacy of a manual therapy and an exercise therapy program in improving postural hyperkyphosis among young adults.  Forty six women between the ages of 18 to 30 years with thoracic kyphosis diagnosed by flexicurve ruler were randomly assigned to either an exercise therapy or a manual therapy group. The exercise therapy program focused on stretching and strengthening exercises in 15 sessions over 5 weeks. The manual therapy group received 15 sessions of manual techniques including massage, mobilization, muscle energy and myofascial release. Kyphosis angle and back extensor muscle strength were measured with a motion analysis system and a dynamometer at the baseline and after treatment. The data were analyzed with paired and independent t tests.  After treatment, the angle of thoracic kyphosis was smaller and back extensor muscle strength was significantly greater in both the exercise and manual therapy groups (p 0.001) We found no significant differences between groups in the changes in kyphosis angle or muscle strength after treatment (p 0.05)  Manual therapy was as effective as exercise therapy in reducing kyphosis angle and increasing back extensor muscle strength in young women with postural hyperkyphosis.
Analysis of Red and Far Red Sun Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Their Ratio in Different Canopies Based on Observed and Modeled Data
Venue: Remote. Sens.

Sun induced canopy chlorophyll fluorescence in both the red (FR) and far red (FFR) regions was estimated across a range of temporal scales and a range of species from different plant functional types using high resolution radiance spectra collected on the ground. Field measurements were collected with a state of the art spectrometer setup and standardized methodology. Results showed that different plant species were characterized by different fluorescence magnitude. In general, the highest fluorescence emissions were measured in crops followed by broadleaf and then needleleaf species. Red fluorescence values were generally lower than those measured in the far red region due to the reabsorption of FR by photosynthetic pigments within the canopy layers. Canopy chlorophyll fluorescence was related to plant photosynthetic capacity, but also varied according to leaf and canopy characteristics, such as leaf chlorophyll concentration and Leaf Area Index (LAI) Results gathered from field measurements were compared to radiative transfer model simulations with the Soil Canopy Observation of Photochemistry and Energy fluxes (SCOPE) model. Overall, simulation results confirmed a major contribution of leaf chlorophyll concentration and LAI to the fluorescence signal. However, some discrepancies between simulated and experimental data were found in broadleaf species. These discrepancies may be explained by uncertainties in individual species LAI estimation in mixed forests or by the effect of other model parameters and/or model representation errors. This is the first study showing sun induced fluorescence experimental data on the variations in the two emission regions and providing quantitative information about the absolute magnitude of fluorescence emission from a range of vegetation types.
LGBT adolescents in America: Depression, discrimination and suicide
Venue: European Psychiatry

The mental health of Adolescents in America is a major concern for the field of psychiatry. In particular, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) adolescents are at higher risk of adverse mental health outcomes. This is largely attributed to "minority stress" and from outright bullying and discrimination. In this presentation, this link between bullying and depression will be explored.  By the end of this presentation, the audience will be able to better understand the link between anti LGBT bullying and mental illness and identify the ways to help their patients.  This presentation is informed by a literature search from PubMed In addition, it is informed by a symposium previously done at the American Psychiatric Association (APA) annual meeting in 2014.  There is clear evidence in the literature that bullying of LGBT adolescents is pervasive. In addition, LGBT people are more likely to be depressed than their heterosexual counterparts. This combination has led to 4 5 times higher rates of attempted suicide by LGBT adolescents. Having Gay Straight Alliances in schools, supportive teachers and school administrators, and broader anti discrimination legislation has a protective effect on this.  LGBT adolescents are exposed to more stress by being a minority in society and by being explicitly bullied and discriminated against. This can lead to depression in some of these adolescents, and can also lead to suicide in the most vulnerable among them. There are proven ways to reduce these risks, and psychiatrists have a role to play in advocating for these reforms. Disclosure of interest The author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Effect of Palmitoyl Pentapeptide (Pal KTTKS) on Wound Contractile Process in Relation with Connective Tissue Growth Factor and a Smooth Muscle Actin Expression
Venue: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

To evaluate whether Palmitoyl pentapeptide (Pal KTTKS) a lipidated subfragment of type 1 pro collagen (residues 212 216) plays a role in fibroblast contractility, the effect of Pal KTTKS on the expression of pro fibrotic mediators in hypertropic scarring were investigated in relation with trans differentiation of fibroblast to myofibroblast, an icon of scar formation. a SMA was visualized by immunofluorescence confocal microscopy with a Cy 3 conjugated monoclonal antibody. The extent of a SMA positive fibroblasts was determined in collagen lattices and in cell culture study. Pal KTTKS (0 0.5 uM) induced CTGF and a SMA protein levels were determined by western blot analysis and fibroblast contractility was assessed in three dimensional collagen lattice contraction assay. In confocal analysis, fibroblasts were observed as elongated and spindle shapes while myofibroblast observed as squamous, enlarged cells with pronounced stress fibers. Without Pal KTTKS treatment, three quarters of the fibroblasts differentiates into the myofibroblast; a SMA positive stress fibers per field decreased twofold with 0.1 uM Pal KTTKS treatment (75 7.1 vs 38.6 16.1% n 3, p 0.05) The inhibitory effect was not significant in 0.5 uM Pal KTTKS treatment. Stress fiber level and collagen contractility correlates with a SMA expression level. In conclusion, Pal KTTKS (0.1 uM) reduces a SMA expression and trans differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblast. The degree of reduction is dose dependent. An abundance of myofibroblast and fibrotic scarring is correlated with excessive levels of a SMA and collagen contractility. Delicate balance between the wound healing properties and pro fibrotic abilities of pentapeptide KTTKS should be considered for selecting therapeutic dose for scar prevention.
Central Bank Balance Sheet Analysis

Balance sheet analysis is standard practice for assessing private sector businesses. No such analysis has been applied to central banks previously. We provide the theoretical foundation and rationale for such analysis. This foundation is rooted in the quality theory of money which places special emphasis on subjective factors as a complement to the more conventional quantitative factors that determine money's purchasing power. The balance sheet of a central bank reveals the quality of the assets backing a currency and serves as an indicator of future monetary policy. Several accounting ratios proxy the quality of money in terms of assets held by the central bank, alluding to potential shifts in its purchasing power. These ratios can also be used to estimate the scope of future monetary policies that are feasible by the central bank.
A Comparative Analysis of Developments in Central Bank Balance Sheet Composition

In this paper we analyse developments in the composition of central bank balance sheets for a large set of central banks in a unified framework. Since 2007, central banks in advanced economies have experienced pronounced changes in balance sheet composition as a consequence of unconventional monetary policy measures. In addition, we document a convergence in balance sheet composition from 2007 until 2009, as the initial crisis response was fairly homogeneous across advanced economies, mostly driven by financial stability concerns. However, since 2009 design of balance sheet policies has been more diverse, reflecting diverging policy challenges across regions. By contrast, balance sheets of central banks in emerging market economies have remained broadly unchanged in terms of composition in the period under review.
Covalent modification of Aramid fibers' surface via direct fluorination to enhance composite interfacial properties

Covalently introducing amine and epoxy groups on the surface of inert fiber will make a great contribution to the interfacial properties of fiber/epoxy composite. In this study, direct fluorination was utilized to introduce aromatic C F bonds on the surface of Aramid fiber. The F atom was proved to be linked with phenyl based on the analysis of fluorinated model compounds of the fiber. Those C F bonds were used as the active sites for further functionalization of Si OH by the nucleophilic substitution of these active C F bonds with 3 aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) On the basis of the reactive Si OH groups, these traditional coupling agents, APTES and 3 glycidoxypropylthrimethoxysilane (GPTES) were respectively grafted on the fiber surface and thus successfully realized the introduction of amine and epoxy groups. Compared to that of untreated fiber, the interfacial shear strength of the fiber with amine/epoxy modified had a dramatical increase of 46.7% and 40.0% respectively. It is considered that the formation of chemical bond between epoxy resin and amine/epoxy group on fiber surface plays a determining role in improving the interfacial adhesion.
Fast Separation of Capsaicinoids from Peppers by Reversed Phase Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography: Comparation with Traditional High Performance Liquid Chromatography Methods

A new chromatographic method for the separation of major capsaicinoids in peppers has been developed. Nordihydrocapsaicin, capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, homocapsaicin, and homodihydrocapsaicin have been separated by reversed phase ultra performance liquid chromatography. A gradient method has been developed using two solvents: 0.1% acetic acid in water and 0.1% acetic acid in methanol. The developed method allows the full separation of capsaicinoids in less than 3 min, with high reproducibility (relative standard deviation 4.3% and repeatability (relative standard deviation 3.6% Robustness regarding the total amount of methanol in the sample was determined. Comparison with previous reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography methods using both monolithic and conventional columns was also studied. Finally, the method was applied in the determination of major capsaicinoids in 16 hot pepper samples produced in Spain.