nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Scalable Deployable High Gain Antenna DaHGR

MMA Design (MMA) has invented and is developing a revolutionary deployable antenna solution providing extremely high areal compaction for future microsatellite missions. Our solution combines the positive attributes of currently fielded antenna systems and will enable performance for microsatellites consistent with today's large space craft payloads. The MMA patented and patent pending Deployable High Gain Reflectarray (DaHGR) antenna has both a wideband and a narrower band configuration. The antenna architecture is realized using very lightweight flexible membrane substrates incorporating a hoop structure to deploy the membranes and maintain tension. The proposed solution builds on innovations by MMA in extremely lightweight deployable systems specific to large antennas and aerobraking systems. Current state of the art (SOA) Mesh Antennas use ribbed umbrella and hoop structures for deployment. While these are potentially scalable to some extent, they inherently have high parts count and require significant touch labor at a high number of attach points to form the desired mesh surface. These systems have constraints on their stowed volume which present challenges with small launch vehicle fairings and dispensers. The DaHGR sets a new standard for deployable antennas with 1/3 the parts count, less than 1/5 the volume (with a more favorable/flexible aspect ratio) and 1/2 the cost of current SOA deployable antennas. The DaHGR antenna solution combines the best attributes of successfully flown solutions. It offers advantages in performance, compaction, and simplicity and significantly reduces the development and implementation risk by leveraging proven technologies. A large space fed reflectarray provides equivalent performance as a conventional reflector for all missions not requiring extremely large bandwidth. Bandwidths achievable by reflectarrays easily support a multitude of mission requirements.  A Scalable Deployable High Gain Reflectarray Antenna DaHGR
Highly Directional Steerable Antennas: High Gain Antennas Supporting User Mobility or Beam Switching for Reconfigurable Backhauling
Venue: IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine

Modern millimeter wave (mmWave) communication systems for large indoor areas and most outdoor scenarios require high gain antennas with beam steering ability to support user mobility or beam switching for reconfigurable backhauling. In this article, two new concepts for the development of highly directional steerable mmWave antennas are proposed and analyzed. The first one is modular antenna array (MAA) technology, which allows the creation of large aperture, high gain adaptive antenna arrays in a cost effective and scalable manner. Two MAA configurations based on the existing phased subarray module are considered and analyzed for mmWave small cell access and backhauling. The second prospective technology that fulfills the required antenna parameters for mmWave smallcell flexible backhauling is the lens array antenna (LAA) The combination of the dielectric lens for aperture increasing with only one subarray module with beam steering capabilities may provide 25 30 dBi total antenna gain with azimuth sector sweeping 45deg.
Success model for knowledge management systems used by doctoral researchers
Venue: Comput. Hum. Behav.

The purpose of this paper is to propose a model to anticipate the success in the use of a Knowledge Management System (KMS) by doctoral researchers. Doctoral researchers who are preparing their doctoral dissertation are requested to prepare a tool to manage the knowledge they are collecting. The tool is based on data base techniques, and the researchers will use this tool to collect data about the knowledge they use. Doctoral researchers will perceive satisfaction in the use of this tool, depending on internal aspects that they could previously perceive, such as ease of use, usefulness, or quality. Also, there could be external aspects such as rewards, trust and social norms that could affect the perceived satisfaction. As a conclusion, the correct identification of internal and external aspects can improve the success in the use of a KMS. Display Omitted A Success Model for a Knowledge Management System (KMS) is proposed.The model is applied to doctoral researchers.The model shows that doctoral researchers are encouraged by organizational trust.Quality and usefulness are reasons for considering satisfaction in the use of KMS.
Factors Influencing Perceived Benefits and User Satisfaction in Knowledge Management Systems
Venue: Inf. Syst. Manag.

This study offers a model for predicting users' perceived benefits and user satisfaction in organizational knowledge management systems. Four constructs are theorized to influence the dependent variables: system quality, knowledge quality, user IS competence, and organizational attitude to knowledge management. The model was empirically tested among 100 respondents working in the knowledge intensive software industry. The results suggest that knowledge management systems hold certain characteristics to be considered when evaluating technical and socio psychological factors of users' perceptions and attitudes toward the systems.
Instrumentation and Measurement Strategy for the NOAA SENEX Aircraft Campaign as Part of the Southeast Atmosphere Study 2013.
Venue: Atmospheric measurement techniques

Natural emissions of ozone and aerosol precursor gases such as isoprene and monoterpenes are high in the southeast of the US. In addition, anthropogenic emissions are significant in the Southeast US and summertime photochemistry is rapid. The NOAA led SENEX (Southeast Nexus) aircraft campaign was one of the major components of the Southeast Atmosphere Study (SAS) and was focused on studying the interactions between biogenic and anthropogenic emissions to form secondary pollutants. During SENEX, the NOAA WP 3D aircraft conducted 20 research flights between 27 May and 10 July 2013 based out of Smyrna, TN. Here we describe the experimental approach, the science goals and early results of the NOAA SENEX campaign. The aircraft, its capabilities and standard measurements are described. The instrument payload is summarized including detection limits, accuracy, precision and time resolutions for all gas and aerosol phase instruments. The inter comparisons of compounds measured with multiple instruments on the NOAA WP 3D are presented and were all within the stated uncertainties, except two of the three NO2 measurements. The SENEX flights included day and nighttime flights in the Southeast as well as flights over areas with intense shale gas extraction (Marcellus, Fayetteville and Haynesville shale) We present one example flight on 16 June 2013, which was a daytime flight over the Atlanta region, where several crosswind transects of plumes from the city and nearby point sources, such as power plants, paper mills and landfills, were flown. The area around Atlanta has large biogenic isoprene emissions, which provided an excellent case for studying the interactions between biogenic and anthropogenic emissions. In this example flight, chemistry in and outside the Atlanta plumes was observed for several hours after emission. The analysis of this flight showcases the strategies implemented to answer some of the main SENEX science questions.
NanoLuc: A Small Luciferase Is Brightening Up the Field of Bioluminescence.
Venue: Bioconjugate chemistry

The biomedical field has greatly benefited from the discovery of bioluminescent proteins. Currently, scientists employ bioluminescent systems for numerous biomedical applications, ranging from highly sensitive cellular assays to bioluminescence based molecular imaging. Traditionally, these systems are based on Firefly and Renilla luciferases; however, the applicability of these enzymes is limited by their size, stability, and luminescence efficiency. NanoLuc (NLuc) a novel bioluminescence platform, offers several advantages over established systems, including enhanced stability, smaller size, and >150 fold increase in luminescence. In addition, the substrate for NLuc displays enhanced stability and lower background activity, opening up new possibilities in the field of bioluminescence imaging. The NLuc system is incredibly versatile and may be utilized for a wide array of applications. The increased sensitivity, high stability, and small size of the NLuc system have the potential to drastically change the field of reporter assays in the future. However, as with all such technology, NLuc has limitations (including a nonideal emission for in vivo applications and its unique substrate) which may cause it to find restricted use in certain areas of molecular biology. As this unique technology continues to broaden, NLuc may have a significant impact in both preclinical and clinical fields, with potential roles in disease detection, molecular imaging, and therapeutic monitoring. This review will present the NLuc technology to the scientific community in a nonbiased manner, allowing the audience to adopt their own views of this novel system.
In depth Characterization of Firefly Luciferase as a Reporter of Circadian Gene Expression in Mammalian Cells
Venue: Journal of biological rhythms

Firefly luciferase (Fluc) is frequently used to report circadian gene expression rhythms in mammalian cells and tissues. During longitudinal assays it is generally assumed that enzymatic substrates are in saturating excess, such that total bioluminescence is directly proportional to Fluc protein level. To test this assumption, we compared the enzyme kinetics of purified luciferase with its activity in mammalian cells. We found that Fluc activity in solution has a lower Michaelis constant (Km) for luciferin, lower temperature dependence, and lower catalytic half life than Fluc in cells. In consequence, extracellular luciferin concentration significantly affects the apparent circadian amplitude and phase of the widely used PER2::LUC reporter in cultured fibroblasts, but not in SCN, and we suggest that this arises from differences in plasma membrane luciferin transporter activity. We found that at very high concentrations >1 mM) luciferin lengthens circadian period, in both fibroblasts and organotypic SCN slices. We conclude that the amplitude and phase of circadian gene expression inferred from bioluminescence recordings should be treated with some caution, and we suggest that optimal luciferin concentration should be determined empirically for each luciferase reporter and cell type.
Experimental investigation of flow and heat transfer characteristics in double laminated sintered woven wire mesh

Porosity is one of the major parameters of the porous media. Flow and heat transfer characteristics of double laminated sintered woven mesh with inhomogeneous porosity were investigated experimentally. Each test piece was made up of two parts which have same wire diameter and thickness but different porosities. All experiments were performed with compressed air and the defined inlet Reynolds numbers changed approximately from 10 to 65. The specimens were heated electrically and the surface temperatures of test pieces were measured with an infrared camera. The mass flow rates and pressure drop between inlet and outlet were measured to analyze the flow behavior. The Nusselt numbers were obtained with the average wall temperature to analyze the heat transfer characteristics. The experimental results showed that different porosity combinations affect the above parameters clearly. The permeability increases with the increase in average porosity, while the inertia coefficient had an opposite tendency. Friction factors decrease with the increase in Reynolds number and Nusselt numbers increase with the increase in Reynolds number. In addition, the Nusselt numbers were different under different air flow directions.
Performing the Evidence Based Drug Policy Paradigm

Through the lens of performance, this paper critically examines how "evidence" and the "evidence based policy" paradigm are constituted in drug policy processes, enacted through the telling of policy stories. I argue that policy stories do not simply describe the drug policy process, but rather frame the notion of "evidence" and "evidence based policy" in particular ways. Drawing on two Australian case studies and interviews with policy makers, advocates, researchers, and clinicians involved in the establishment of harm reduction programs to extend distribution of injecting equipment through peer networks and make naloxone available for administration by overdose witnesses, I ask: What do participants' accounts of drug policy perform? And what might this imply? Through this analysis of participants' accounts, I argue that what we call "evidence" is not fixed, but rather constituted by specific performances and practices. I suggest that these performances of the evidence based drug policy paradigm are important, as they work to make and sustain (or, at times, interfere with) a set of assumptions about knowledge and rationales for policy action. This, in turn, raises questions about how the evidence based drug policy endeavor might be reconsidered and remade in other ways.
Exploring the foundations of the intercultural policy paradigm: a comprehensive approach

In this second decade of the twenty first century, interculturalism is emerging as a new policy paradigm to deal with diversity dynamics. It is basically viewed as a set of policies sharing one basic idea: that the interaction among people from different backgrounds matters. Its concerns are to intervene politically and to propose a way to manage the dynamics of diversity, based on exchange and interpersonal relations. I propose exploring a foundational internal debate, based on the premise there are at least three different, but complementary, normative strands: contractual, cohesion and constructivist strands. My ultimate purpose is to defend a comprehensive view, grounded on the argument that no one can have the sole authority to define intercultural policy, since the three strands can be applied at different moments, according to different purposes. The challenge is for policy managers to be able to achieve a balance between the three policy drivers.
Physics aware Self supervised Training of CNNs for Object Detection

Impressive progress has been achieved recently in object detection with the use of deep learning. Nevertheless, such tools typically require large amounts of training data and significant manual effort for labeling objects. This limits their applicability in realistic domains, where it is necessary to scale solutions to a large number of objects and a variety of conditions. This work proposes a training process for Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) which minimizes manual effort and takes advantage of physical reasoning through the use of a physicsengine. The application involves detection of objects placed in cluttered scenes and tight environments, such as shelves. In particular, given access to 3D object models, the labeling takes place automatically over synthetic images, which correspond to physically realistic object poses. To further improve object detection, the network self trains over real images that contain the target objects. In these situations, successful detections can be used to provide additional real world examples. Then, the trained network can be successfully applied in complicated scenes, which involve clutter and object occlusions, without manual labeling. The proposed training process is evaluated by showing that it can match the accuracy of a training process based on manual labeling and can improve over time through selftraining resulting in a lifelong learning solution.
Transient analysis of multiphase PM motor drives by non linear modeling
Venue: 2016 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM)

This paper proposes a technique to evaluate the electrical transients of multiphase permanent magnet motor through non linear dynamic modeling. The non linear model makes uses of functions generated by magneto static finite element analysis, stored in look up tables and used by a dynamic simulator "off line" co simulation) This approach takes into account the effects of saturation and rotation on the inductance, usually neglected in such kinds of machine. In the same time it requires less computation time and/or hardware resources respect to the on line co simulation, making faster the virtual prototyping of the machine. The case study refers to a 5 phase permanent magnets motor for aircraft flap actuator controlled through the brushless DC technique. The electrical dynamics of each phase is simulated by independent voltage model and current models. A comparison between the described approach and the usual constant inductance model is shown, providing a clear idea of the increase of accuracy available with the proposed method.
Feeling Close From Afar: The Role of Psychological Distance in Offsetting Distrust in Unfamiliar Online Retailers

E commerce offers retailers the opportunity to attract new customers online; however, consumer distrust toward unfamiliar retailers can seriously impede these efforts. Construal Level Theory suggests that such distrust can be partially understood in terms of psychological distance, and that reducing psychological distance using simple website tactics should overcome distrust and encourage first time purchases. Studies 1 and 2 show a physically distant retail store, or lack of a physical store altogether, contribute to psychological distance, distrust, and reluctance to purchase online. Studies 2 and 3 further show that website images of an office building (increased tangibility) or the owner's name and appearance (social proximity) can improve trust and purchase intentions by specifically reducing the psychological distance otherwise associated with purely virtual or physically distant retailers.
Organizational Adaptation in Offshoring: The Relative Performance of Home and Host Based Learning Strategies
Venue: Organ. Sci.

Offshoring offers managers the promise of substantial economic benefits, but also comes with the risk of increased complexity and coordination challenges. We argue that offshoring firms must accumulate architectural knowledge to keep the cost of coordination of the geographically separated activities at bay. Based on a simulation model that examines the performance implications of firms' learning strategies when offshoring, we show that such knowledge accumulation can be achieved through either a home based or a host based learning strategy. Our analysis suggests that the relative performance of these two strategies depends on nontrivial interactions among the costs of communication, the distance to the offshoring location, and the level of noise in the firm's performance function. In particular, the difficulties of interpreting performance signals in noisy situations suggest that there are benefits of making changes to the configuration after the offshoring implementation (host based learning) In contrast, when coordination costs and distance dominate, the strategy of gearing the organization for offshoring prior to separating them across country borders prevails (home based learning) Thus, by formalizing these two learning strategies for acquiring architectural knowledge in offshoring, we show that important contingencies can lead to significant performance trade offs in the search for new organizational configurations that span international borders.
The impact of outcome framing and psychological distance of air pollution consequences on transportation mode choice

Recent years, air pollution phenomenon has become one of the crucial problems of Tehran, Iran. Due to main political and economic role of Tehran, population of this metropolis is high and increasing. Urban transportation of this highly populated city contributes more than 70% of air pollution problem in this city. Although a number of urban transport developments, policy measures and regulations have been employed, Tehran's air pollution has remained crucial thus far. Finding ways to encourage individuals to behave more sustainable can be considered as a substantial approach of tackling environmental problems such as air pollution, since it can be highly cost effective and fast. This research attempt to evaluate the impacts of two factors of outcome framing and psychological distance of air pollution on citizen's willingness to behave environmental friendly, particularly to change the travel mode choice. Results illustrate that communicating the consequences of air pollution can provoke individuals' to act more environment friendly or in particular to change their intention for using more sustainable mode of transportation. Framing the positive consequences of mitigating air pollution take precedence over framing the negative consequences. Moreover the gains of mitigating air pollution have an impact on the willingness to use of bicycle and bus. Results also show that decreasing the psychological distance of air pollution in order to make manipulated frame more personally relevant has no significant impact on respondents.
Behavioral Interventions for Infant Sleep Problems: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Venue: Pediatrics

To evaluate the effects of behavioral interventions on the sleep/wakefulness of infants, parent and infant stress, and later child emotional/behavioral problems, and parent child attachment.  A total of 43 infants (6 16 months, 63% girls) were randomized to receive either graduated extinction (n 14) bedtime fading (n 15) or sleep education control (n 14) Sleep measures included parent reported sleep diaries and infant actigraphy. Infant stress was measured via morning and afternoon salivary cortisol sampling, and mothers' self reported mood and stress. Twelve months after intervention, mothers completed assessments of children's emotional and behavioral problems, and mother child dyads underwent the strange situation procedure to evaluate parent child attachment.  Significant interactions were found for sleep latency (P .05) number of awakenings (P .0001) and wake after sleep onset (P .01) with large decreases in sleep latency for graduated extinction and bedtime fading groups, and large decreases in number of awakenings and wake after sleep onset for the graduated extinction group. Salivary cortisol showed small to moderate declines in graduated extinction and bedtime fading groups compared with controls. Mothers' stress showed small to moderate decreases for the graduated extinction and bedtime fading conditions over the first month, yet no differences in mood were detected. At the 12 month follow up, no significant differences were found in emotional and behavioral problems, and no significant differences in secure insecure attachment styles between groups.  Both graduated extinction and bedtime fading provide significant sleep benefits above control, yet convey no adverse stress responses or long term effects on parent child attachment or child emotions and behavior.
Imaging mass spectrometry: Molecular microscopy for the new age of biology and medicine
Venue: Proteomics

Imaging mass spectrometry provides a powerful tool for monitoring and discovery of molecular processes in the spatial domain in tissues for research and practical applications in both biology and medicine. This technology directly measures molecular compounds in tissues without the use of target specific reagents such as antibodies, is applicable to a wide variety of analytes, and can provide spatial resolutions below the single cell level. Importantly, it has paradigm shifting capabilities in clinical applications, especially for anatomic pathology.