nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The PI3K signaling pathway as a pharmacological target in Autism related disorders and Schizophrenia
Venue: Molecular and Cellular Therapies

This review is focused in PI3K's involvement in two widespread mental disorders: Autism and Schizophrenia. A large body of evidence points to synaptic dysfunction as a cause of these diseases, either during the initial phases of brain synaptic circuit's development or later modulating synaptic function and plasticity. Autism related disorders and Schizophrenia are complex genetic conditions in which the identification of gene markers has proved difficult, although the existence of single gene mutations with a high prevalence in both diseases offers insight into the role of the PI3K signaling pathway. In the brain, components of the PI3K pathway regulate synaptic formation and plasticity; thus, disruption of this pathway leads to synapse dysfunction and pathological behaviors. Here, we recapitulate recent evidences that demonstrate the imbalance of several PI3K elements as leading causes of Autism and Schizophrenia, together with the plausible new pharmacological paths targeting this signaling pathway.
Language deficits in schizophrenia and autism as related oscillatory connectomopathies: an evolutionary account

Schizophrenia (SZ) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterised by marked language deficits, but it is not clear how these arise from gene mutations associated with the disorders. Our goal is to narrow the gap between SZ and ASD and, ultimately, give support to the view that they represent abnormal (but related) ontogenetic itineraries for the human faculty of language. We will focus on the distinctive oscillatory profiles of the SZ and ASD brains, in turn using these insights to refine our understanding of how the brain computes language by exploring a novel model of linguistic feature set composition. We will argue that brain rhythms constitute the best route to interpreting language deficits in both conditions and mapping them to neural dysfunction and risk alleles of the genes. Importantly, candidate genes for SZ and ASD are overrepresented among the gene sets believed to be important for language evolution. This translational effort may help develop an understanding of the aetiology of SZ and ASD and their high prevalence among modern populations.
Transcriptomic signatures of neuronal differentiation and their association with risk genes for autism spectrum and related neuropsychiatric disorders
Venue: Translational psychiatry

Genes for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are also implicated in fragile X syndrome (FXS) intellectual disabilities (ID) or schizophrenia (SCZ) and converge on neuronal function and differentiation. The SH SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line, the most widely used system to study neurodevelopment, is currently discussed for its applicability to model cortical development. We implemented an optimal neuronal differentiation protocol of this system and evaluated neurodevelopment at the transcriptomic level using the CoNTeXT framework, a machine learning algorithm based on human post mortem brain data estimating developmental stage and regional identity of transcriptomic signatures. Our improved model in contrast to currently used SH SY5Y models does capture early neurodevelopmental processes with high fidelity. We applied regression modelling, dynamic time warping analysis, parallel independent component analysis and weighted gene co expression network analysis to identify activated gene sets and networks. Finally, we tested and compared these sets for enrichment of risk genes for neuropsychiatric disorders. We confirm a significant overlap of genes implicated in ASD with FXS, ID and SCZ. However, counterintuitive to this observation, we report that risk genes affect pathways specific for each disorder during early neurodevelopment. Genes implicated in ASD, ID, FXS and SCZ were enriched among the positive regulators, but only ID implicated genes were also negative regulators of neuronal differentiation. ASD and ID genes were involved in dendritic branching modules, but only ASD risk genes were implicated in histone modification or axonal guidance. Only ID genes were over represented among cell cycle modules. We conclude that the underlying signatures are disorder specific and that the shared genetic architecture results in overlaps across disorders such as ID in ASD. Thus, adding developmental network context to genetic analyses will aid differentiating the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Robust Semi Supervised Learning through Label Aggregation
Venue: AAAI

Semi supervised learning is proposed to exploit both labeled and unlabeled data. However, as the scale of data in real world applications increases significantly, conventional semi supervised algorithms usually lead to massive computational cost and cannot be applied to large scale datasets. In addition, label noise is usually present in the practical applications due to human annotation, which very likely results in remarkable degeneration of performance in semi supervised methods. To address these two challenges, in this paper, we propose an efficient RObust Semi Supervised Ensemble Learning (ROSSEL) method, which generates pseudo labels for unlabeled data using a set of weak annotators, and combines them to approximate the ground truth labels to assist semi supervised learning. We formulate the weighted combination process as a multiple label kernel learning (MLKL) problem which can be solved efficiently. Compared with other semi supervised learning algorithms, the proposed method has linear time complexity. Extensive experiments on five benchmark datasets demonstrate the superior effectiveness, efficiency and robustness of the proposed algorithm.
GANS for Sequences of Discrete Elements with the Gumbel softmax Distribution
Venue: ArXiv

Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) have limitations when the goal is to generate sequences of discrete elements. The reason for this is that samples from a distribution on discrete objects such as the multinomial are not differentiable with respect to the distribution parameters. This problem can be avoided by using the Gumbel softmax distribution, which is a continuous approximation to a multinomial distribution parameterized in terms of the softmax function. In this work, we evaluate the performance of GANs based on recurrent neural networks with Gumbel softmax output distributions in the task of generating sequences of discrete elements.
Intrusion detection techniques for mobile cloud computing in heterogeneous 5G
Venue: Secur. Commun. Networks

Mobile cloud computing is applied in multiple industries to obtain cloud based services by leveraging mobile technologies. With the development of the wireless networks, defending threats from wireless communications have been playing a remarkable role in the Web security domain. Intrusion detection system IDS is an efficient approach for protecting wireless communications in the Fifth Generation 5G context. In this paper, we identify and summarize the main techniques being implemented in IDSs and mobile cloud computing with an analysis of the challenges for each technique. Addressing the security issue, we propose a higher level framework of implementing secure mobile cloud computing by adopting IDS techniques for applying mobile cloud based solutions in 5G networks. On the basis of the reviews and synthesis, we conclude that the implementation of mobile cloud computing can be secured by the proposed framework because it will provide well protected Web services and adaptable IDSs in the complicated heterogeneous 5G environment.
Improvement of anti nutritional effect resulting from b glucanase specific expression in the parotid gland of transgenic pigs
Venue: Transgenic Research

Abstractb Glucan is the predominant anti nutritional factors in monogastric animal feed. Although b glucanase supplementation in diet can help to eliminate the adverse effects, enzyme stability is substantially modified during the feed manufacturing process. To determine whether the expression of endogenous b glucanase gene (GLU) in vivo can improve digestibility of dietary b glucan and absorption of nutrients, we successfully produced transgenic pigs via nuclear transfer which express the GLU from Paenibacillus polymyxa CP7 in the parotid gland. In three live transgenic founders, b glucanase activities in the saliva were 3.2, 0.07 and 0.03 U/mL, respectively, and interestingly the enzyme activities increased in the pigs from 178 days old to 789 days old. From the feed the amount of gross energy, crude protein and crude fat absorbed by the transgenic pigs was significantly higher than the non transgenic pigs. Meanwhile the moisture content of the feces was significantly reduced in transgenic pigs compared with the non transgenic pigs. Furthermore, in all positive G1 pigs, b glucanase activity was detectable and the highest enzyme activity reached 3.5 U/mL in saliva. Also, crude protein digestion was significantly higher in G1 transgenic pigs than in control pigs. Taken together, our data showed that the transgenic b glucanase exerted its biological catalytic function in vivo in the saliva, and the improved performance of the transgenic pigs could be accurately passed on to the offspring, indicating a promising alternative approach to improving nutrient availability was established to improve utilization of livestock feed through transgenic animals.
Modified reservoir quality indicator methodology for improved hydraulic flow unit characterization using the normalized pore throat methodology (Niger Delta field as case study)
Venue: Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology

The detailed characterization of complex reservoir units, typical of the thin bedded canyon turbidites system within the clastic environment is essential for accurate reservoir modelling. The sedimentary architecture usually overprinted by late diagenesis results in the intrinsic complexities which poses major problems in modelling these systems. Although the average permeabilities exhibited by most clastic reservoirs is relatively high, the low permeabilities of the component shale strata results in low sweep efficiency and transmissibilities, and may form effective flow baffles. Recent advances in petrophysical modelling and formation evaluation studies demonstrate the applicability of normalized pore throat radius \overline{{R_{\text{tot} $Rtot methodology for improved reservoir characterization and production optimization in challenging systems. This paper presents a modification of the reservoir quality indicator (RQI) methodology for hydraulic flow unit characterization using the normalized pore throat concept. Result of the analysis for the various genetic reservoir units demonstrates an improvement with a correlation coefficient of 78% for the proposed modified RQI over 31% for the existing RQI method in defining the unit slope line for the Channel Storey Axis unit. In addition, regression analysis between the irreducible water saturation from mercury injection capillary pressures and FZI depicts a higher correlation coefficient of 76% for the modified RQI over 64% for the existing method. The higher correlation coefficient indicates an improved efficacy of the proposed model for hydraulic flow zone characterization. The efficacy of the proposed methodology was also validated with a numerical flow simulation model. This demonstrates improved efficient for reservoir characterization studies.
Effects of surface tension and electrochemical reactions in Li ion battery electrode nanoparticles

The size and shape dependency of the chemo mechanical behavior of spherical and ellipsoidal nanoparticles in Li ion battery electrodes are investigated by a stress assisted diffusion model and 3D finite element simulations. The model features surface tension, a direct coupling between diffusion and elasticity, concentration dependent diffusivity, and a Butler Volmer relation for the description of electrochemical reactions that is modified to account for mechanical effects. Simulation results on spherical particles reveal that surface tension causes additional pressure fields in the particles, shifting the stress state towards the compressive regime. This provides mechanical stabilization, allowing, in principle, for higher charge/discharge rates. However, due to this pressure the attainable lithiation for a given potential difference is reduced during insertion, whereas a higher amount of ions is given off during extraction. Ellipsoidal particles with an aspect ratio deviating from that of a sphere with the same volume expose a larger surface area to the intercalation reactions. Consequently, they exhibit accelerated (dis)charge rates. However, due to the enhanced pressure in regions with high curvature, the accessible capacity of ellipsoidal particles is less than that of spherical particles.
Surface tension powered build dimension control in laser additive manufacturing process

This research is aimed at providing insight into the process phenomena that determine the surface finish quality and dimensional accuracy of laser additive manufactured parts. It was found that melt pool fluid flow has a major effect on the sidewall dimensions of the final deposit. Thermocapillary gradient is the main driving force for melt pool flow, and the gradient can potentially be controlled by material composition. Thus, the effects of three characteristic thermocapillary gradients (positive, negative, mixed) on melt pool fluid flows and build geometry are investigated in this study. The work studied mechanisms responsible for sidewall nonuniformity and deposit bulge in detail. The results showed that the bulge in deposit width occurring at the start of the build is reduced by approximately 56 by deposition of material having mixed thermocapillary gradient as compared to the bulge resulting from deposition of material with a negative thermocapillary gradient. Also, melt pool temperature distributions are visualized during laser deposition of five layer single track builds. More accurate build geometry and reduced deposit sidewall bulge can be expected to lead to lower total cost of additive manufactured parts.
Patrimonio documental nacional: conceitos e definicoes

Este artigo apresenta conceitos fundamentais relativos a tematica do patrimonio cultural, com enfase na busca por uma definicao, em nivel nacional, de patrimonio documental. Os procedimentos metodologicos seguiram a abordagem dialetica e a tecnica da pesquisa em fontes bibliograficas e documentais. Os resultados apontam a inexistencia de uma definicao explicita, no Brasil, do que seja patrimonio documental, porem permitem observar a preocupacao governamental com a preservacao desta categoria patrimonial.  http:/periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/rdbci/article/view/8641846
Solving two phase shallow granular flow equations with a well balanced NOC scheme on multiple GPUs

A two phase shallow granular flow model consists of mass and momentum equations for the solid and fluid phases, coupled together by conservative and non conservative momentum exchange terms. Development of classic Godunov methods based on Riemann problem solutions for such a model is difficult because of complexity in building appropriate wave structures. Non oscillatory central (NOC) differencing schemes are attractive as they do not need to solve Riemann problems. In this paper, a staggered NOC scheme is amended for numerical solution of the two phase shallow granular flow equations due to Pitman and Le. Simple discretization schemes for the non conservative and bed slope terms and a simple correction procedure for the updating of the depth variables are proposed to ensure the well balanced property. The scheme is further corrected with a numerical relaxation term mimicking the interphase drag force so as to overcome the difficulty associated with complex eigenvalues in some flow conditions. The resultant NOC scheme is implemented on multiple graphics processing units (GPUs) in a server by using both OpenMP CUDA and multistream CUDA parallelization strategies. Numerical tests in several typical two phase shallow granular flow problems show that the NOC scheme can model wet/dry fronts and vacuum appearance robustly, and can treat some flow conditions associated with complex eigenvalues. Comparison of parallel efficiencies shows that the multistream CUDA strategy can be slightly faster or slower than the OpenMP CUDA strategy depending on the grid sizes.
Market Orientation and Worker Type: Knowledge Workers vs. Talent Workers and Their Influence on the Organization

Much information exists on market oriented organizations and their links to profitability and performance. There is a paucity of information on the composition of the workforce in market oriented organizations, specifically the ratio of "talent workers" to "knowledge workers." This study analyzed the types of workers that comprise a market oriented organization versus non market oriented organizations such as a federal government agency. A convenience sample of workers in a market oriented organization and non market oriented organization were surveyed. The data supported the hypotheses that market oriented organizations have a greater percentage of talent workers than knowledge workers; market oriented organizations have a greater percentage of talent workers than non market oriented organizations.
Lenz Majewski mutations in PTDSS1 affect phosphatidylinositol 4 phosphate metabolism at ER PM and ER Golgi junctions
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Phosphatidylserine (PS) is synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum by PS synthase enzymes, but most of the PS is found in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. The importance of the present findings is that they uncover a critical connection between PI4P turnover and PS transport and demonstrate that uncontrolled PS synthesis as seen in Lenz Majewski syndrome patients has deleterious consequences to cells affecting other lipids and not just PS. Lenz Majewski syndrome (LMS) is a rare disease characterized by complex craniofacial, dental, cutaneous, and limb abnormalities combined with intellectual disability. Mutations in the PTDSS1 gene coding one of the phosphatidylserine (PS) synthase enzymes, PSS1, were described as causative in LMS patients. Such mutations render PSS1 insensitive to feedback inhibition by PS levels. Here we show that expression of mutant PSS1 enzymes decreased phosphatidylinositol 4 phosphate (PI4P) levels both in the Golgi and the plasma membrane (PM) by activating the Sac1 phosphatase and altered PI4P cycling at the PM. Conversely, inhibitors of PI4KA, the enzyme that makes PI4P in the PM, blocked PS synthesis and reduced PS levels by 50% in normal cells. However, mutant PSS1 enzymes alleviated the PI4P dependence of PS synthesis. Oxysterol binding protein related protein 8, which was recently identified as a PI4P PS exchanger between the ER and PM, showed PI4P dependent membrane association that was significantly decreased by expression of PSS1 mutant enzymes. Our studies reveal that PS synthesis is tightly coupled to PI4P dependent PS transport from the ER. Consequently, PSS1 mutations not only affect cellular PS levels and distribution but also lead to a more complex imbalance in lipid homeostasis by disturbing PI4P metabolism.
Reply to Lenz et al. Quantifying the smallest microplastics is the challenge for a comprehensive view of their environmental impacts
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Studies on impacts of emerging contaminants are challenging, as is the case for studying the smallest sizes <100 um) of microplastics, mainly because there is no clear view of their actual concentration and characteristics in the natural environment (1) Major developments are required to establish standardized procedures for collecting, fractionating, characterizing, and quantifying polymer particles; probably, the best promising method is in a liquid matrix. In our recent article on impacts of microplastics in oysters (2) the microplastic size tested was of 2 and 6 um, the size range preferentially ingested by filter feeders, which is
Social Media Marketing: Applying the Uses and Gratifications Theory in the Hotel Industry

The purpose of this study was to examine the gratification factors that increase user satisfaction of hotels' Facebook pages and to determine how user satisfaction affects visit intention to a hotel by applying the uses and gratifications (U&G) theory. Using structural equation modeling, this study suggested three gratifications of information, convenience, and self expression serve as antecedents for user satisfaction with the hotel's Facebook page, but two gratifications of entertainment and social interaction did not significantly affect user satisfaction with the hotel's Facebook page. The results of the study also showed a positive relationship between user satisfaction with a hotel's Facebook page and intention to stay at that hotel in the future. The findings of this study provide theoretical contributions by extending the application of the U&G theory to hotels Facebook usage and these results can guide hotel companies toward improving their Facebook pages in order to meet the users' needs.
Exploring the Uses and Gratifications Theory in the Use of Social Media among the Students of Mass Communication in Nigeria

For decades, the Uses and Gratification (U G) Theory has been the main theory of communication that explains what people do with the media. To many, the theory seems old. However, the emergence of social media breathes a new life into this aging theory. This paper seeks to explore the current functions of the U G Theory in the students' use of social media. Survey and focus group discussion were used to elicit information from purposively selected 111 final year students of mass communication. The paper discovers that majority of the respondents (98.2% used social media for communication, collaboration, news sharing, research, expression of opinion, maintaining a connection, and making friends from other countries. Facebook and WhatsApp were the most preferred social networks among the respondents. The paper confirms that social media platforms have revived the functions of the U G Theory and provided a plethora of media uses that the traditional media never could. Very few of the respondents used social media for information, to investigate why, the paper suggest that the Media Information Utility theory should be thoroughly investigated.
The Light Emitter of the 2 Coumaranone Chemiluminescence: Theoretical and Experimental Elucidation of a Possible Model for Bioluminescent Systems

The bioluminescence reaction of many biological subspecies, most notably fireflies, forms dioxetanone derivatives as high energy intermediates. The thermal instability of dioxetanones complicates understanding of the transition from the ground state to the first excited state that leads to light emission. Herein, we report the reaction mechanism of 2 coumaranones, synthetically accessible strongly chemiluminescent materials that mimic the bioluminescence reaction. The pathways of chemiexcitation and photorelaxation are clarified on the basis of synthetic evidence and spectrochemical as well as computational mechanistic analysis.
Soliton Like Magnetic Domain Wall Motion Induced by the Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii Moriya Interaction
Venue: 2016 International Conference of Asian Union of Magnetics Societies (ICAUMS)

Topological defects such as magnetic solitons, vortices, Bloch lines, and skyrmions start to play an important role in modern magnetism due to their extraordinary stability which can be hailed as future memory devices.