nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A study of factors affecting the flexural tensile strength of concrete

The deflection and cracking behavior of concrete structure depend on the flexural tensile strength of concrete. Many factors have been shown to influence the flexural tensile strength of concrete, particularly the level of stress, size, age and confinement to concrete flexure member, etc. The concrete members, in general, are of large continuous size and have at least minimum reinforcement introducing a confining effect to the concrete. The confining reinforcement increases ductility and large deflections in structures provide a good warning of failure prior to complete failure of the flexure member and also for efficient use of constructional material, it is desirable to take full advantage of long term strength gain. Therefore, the effect of the factors like level of stress, age and confinement of concrete member should be given prime importance while studying the flexure tensile strength of concrete. This paper presents an experimental study done to predict the flexural tensile strength considering the confinement conditions and age of concrete for a wide range of concrete strengths (from 30 to 85 MPa) It is concluded that the factors like confinement conditions and age of concrete should be given due consideration in deriving the flexural tensile strength and compressive strength proportionality equations.
Cooperation with Multiple Audiences

Steven Pinker proposes a game theoretic framework to help explain the use of veiled speech in contexts where the ultimate aims of the speaker and hearer may diverge such as cases of bribing a police offi cer to get out of a ticket and paying a maitre d' to get a table. This is presented as a response to what Pinker sees as the failure in H. P. Grice's infl uential theory of meaning to recognize that speakers and hearers are not always cooperating. In this paper I argue that Pinker mischaracterizes Grice's views on cooperation, and use this to refi ne a positive picture of what sort of cooperation is demanded by Grice's Cooperative Principle. This positive picture serves to insulate the Gricean framework from objectors including Pinker who overstate the obligations entailed by the adoption of the Cooperative Principle. I then argue that the cases Pinker presents are best treated by recognizing that in each instance the utterance is formulated with two intentions towards two different audiences and detail a resulting revision to Pinker's game theoretic framework that refl ects this proposal. I conclude by demonstrating how this proposed game theoretic framework of cooperation with multiple audiences can be used to model the costs and benefi ts of other types of discourse, including political speech.
Circular RNA: a novel biomarker for progressive laryngeal cancer.
Venue: American journal of translational research

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) a class of endogenous RNAs, are characterized by covalently closed continuous loop without 5' to 3' polarity and polyadenylated tail. Recent studies indicated that circRNAs might play an important role in cancer. However, the function of circRNA in laryngeal squamous cell cancer tissues (LSCC) is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the expression of circRNAs in 4 paired LSCC tissues and adjacent non tumor tissues by microarray analysis. Results showed significant upregulation (n 302) of or downregulation (n 396) of 698 circRNAs in LSCC tissues. We further detected hsa_circRNA_100855 as the most upregulated circRNA and hsa_circRNA_104912 as the most downregulated circRNA using qRT PCR methods. Results showed that hsa_circRNA_100855 level was significantly higher in LSCC than in the corresponding adjacent non neoplastic tissues. Patients with T3 4 stage, neck nodal metastasis or advanced clinical stage had higher hsa_circRNA_100855 expression. The hsa_circRNA_104912 level was significantly lower in LSCC than in corresponding adjacent non neoplastic tissues. Patients with T3 4 stage, neck nodal metastasis, poor differentiation or advanced clinical stage had a lower hsa_circRNA_104912 expression. Overall, our data suggest that circRNAs play an important role in the tumorigenesis of LSCC and may serve as novel and stable biomarkers for the diagnosis and progress of LSCC.
Adaptation of the ABCDE model from Human Medicine to communicate bad news to the owner of the oncologic patient in Veterinary Medicine

Similar to what occurs in Human Medicine, also in Veterinary Medicine, the prevalence of oncological diseases has significantly increased.  The evolution of Veterinary Medicine, in last decades has brought changes in clinical paradigms, particularly concerning the relationship with the animal and also with the owner. More than any other specialty, members of the Veterinary Medical Team that work in the oncology field, are unavoidably forced to break bad news. This paper proposes the adaptation of the ABCDE model from Human Medicine to Veterinary Medicine.  The adaptation of the ABCDE model for Veterinary Medicine improves communication with the owner and offers all the members of the Veterinary Medical Team better communication skills.
Extended bloch mode synthesis: Ultrafast method for the computation of complex band structures in phononic media

In this article an efficient numerical technique, named Extended Bloch Mode Synthesis, is proposed for the fast calculation of the elastic complex band structures in phononic media. The Bloch Mode Synthesis approach, originally developed for reducing the computational cost for the calculation of real band structures, is here extended to evaluate also evanescent/complex near field wave solutions by solving a k o Bloch eigenvalue problem. The k o Bloch eigenvalue problem is built by means of a Wave Finite Element (WFE) discretization of the unit cell combined with a Component Mode Synthesis approach. The Component Mode Synthesis approach is based on the Craig Bampton modal reduction of the interior unit cell degrees of freedom and provides a basis to reduce the Bloch eigenproblem dimension allowing for a fast computation of the complex band structures. The performances of the proposed scheme in terms of band structures accuracy and computational cost saving are demonstrated for a phononic stubbed plate, a case already used in literature as a benchmark for band structures calculation. It is shown that the complex band structures computational time can be reduced by two orders of magnitude with respect to the computational time needed to solve the full model with negligible errors for both real and evanescent/complex solutions.
Science Concierge: A Fast Content Based Recommendation System for Scientific Publications
Venue: PloS one

Finding relevant publications is important for scientists who have to cope with exponentially increasing numbers of scholarly material. Algorithms can help with this task as they help for music, movie, and product recommendations. However, we know little about the performance of these algorithms with scholarly material. Here, we develop an algorithm, and an accompanying Python library, that implements a recommendation system based on the content of articles. Design principles are to adapt to new content, provide near real time suggestions, and be open source. We tested the library on 15K posters from the Society of Neuroscience Conference 2015. Human curated topics are used to cross validate parameters in the algorithm and produce a similarity metric that maximally correlates with human judgments. We show that our algorithm significantly outperformed suggestions based on keywords. The work presented here promises to make the exploration of scholarly material faster and more accurate.
Factors responsible behind political brand preference: an empirical study on Indian voters

Political parties are continuously interested to gain knowledge about the factors that influence the voter to select political candidate of his/her choice. The purpose of this paper is to examine cumulative impact of sources of associations on voters' preference of the political party and to investigate the type of causal relationship that exists among those sources.  The authors have proposed five key sources of associations of the overall political party, namely, campaign effectiveness, image of its leaders, intensity of anti incumbency effect, meaning and trust attached with the party. Here the authors have considered four important political parties relevant to the voters of West Bengal. Those are Congress, Bharatiya Janata Party, Communist Party of India (Marxist) and All India Trinamool Congress. The authors have used SEM method for estimating the model as the same is widely used for estimating a system of equations with latent variables.  Out of the
Intra industry trade in the Visegrad countries: Does the linder hypothesis hold?

In 1961, Staffan Linder attacked mainstream trade economics by diverging from the generally accepted factor endowments theory and focusing on alternative explanations of why countries trade with each other. He was among the first economists to recognise the growing importance of intra industry trade and presented his hypothesis that the more similar the per capita income levels of countries, the more they tend to trade with each other. This observation has since become one of the main pillars of modern trade theory. The present paper assesses the empirical validity of the Linder hypothesis in the Visegrad countries. Using a variant of the gravity model, it finds that when controlling for other factors, the Visegrad countries tend to trade more with countries with similar per capita income levels than with significantly richer or poorer countries. This observation is consistent with the Linder hypothesis. OLS regressions, Tobit regressions, and robustness checks all support the hypothesis.
The Role of the Eurasian Economic Union in Trade and Industrial Policy of Russia

The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) was established in 2015 and so far consists of five nations (Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Armenia and Kyrgyzstan) One cannot deny that the EAEU has several defects such as too much dominance of Russia among the member states, an imbalanced network of intra EAEU trade, relatively low importance of intra EAEU trade for the member states, tendency to postpone market integration of crucial sectors like oil gas and differences of import tariffs as a result of Kazakhstan's accession to the WTO. We should, however, evaluate true merits of the EAEU for Russia in the context of its actual political and economic developments, not of the classic economic integration theory. It is noteworthy that the concept of the EAEU was proposed by Vladimir Putin on the eve of 2012 Presidential elections of Russia. Meanwhile Putin, who put 'modernization' of Russia on the top of the agenda, pursued innovation and new industrialization of Russian economy. Putin argued that so as to achieve these goals Russia should improve investment climate and enhance investment merits and that the creation of the EAEU was one of the efforts in that direction. Russian automotive industry is an important touchstone in this regard. Manufacturers of passenger cars in Russia used to concentrate on Russian domestic market, paying almost no attention to foreign markets because of high production costs within Russia. The creation of the Customs Union, a predecessor of the EAEU, however, lead to a unification of import tariff on passenger cars among Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan, resulting in a rapid expansion of Russia's new cars exports to the two partner countries, which used to be occupied by used cars. Thus, the EAEU plays a positive role in developing Russian automotive industry, a pivotal sector for new industrialization of Russian economy. It is true that the markets of Belarus and Kazakhstan are not sizable enough for
Farmers' marketing preferences in local coffee markets: Evidence from a choice experiment in Ethiopia

This study investigates transactions in the local coffee markets in Ethiopia. While the Ethiopian Commodity Exchange, which was established in 2008, introduced regulatory, institutional, and organizational innovations in the coffee market, informal norms and conventions remain the primary institutions governing transactions in the local markets. Based on a choice experiment, we found that for coffee farmers the characteristics of the traders are more important than the price offered when anchoring their transactions into personal relationships. This can be explained as the institutional response of farsighted calculative farmers to poorly organized coffee markets and to lacking credit and insurance markets. Contrary to the concept of embeddedness, which claims that economic transactions are embedded into social relationships, social relationships are observed to be embedded into economic relationships. One of the perverse effects of these personal relationship based transactions is that farmers are insufficiently incentivized to maintain and improve coffee quality.
Reputational Implications for Partners after a Major Audit Failure: Evidence from China

We analyze whether audit partners suffered damage to their professional reputations with the demise of Zhongtianqin (ZTQ) formerly the largest audit firm in China, after an audit failure enabled a major client, Yinguangxia (YGX) to fraudulently exaggerate its earnings in a high profile scandal resembling the Andersen Enron events in the US. This involves evaluating whether the reputational damage sustained by partners implicated in the scandal spreads to other partners in the same audit firm. We isolate whether impaired reputation impedes partners who were not complicit in the ZTQ YGX events from attracting new clients or keeping existing ones. Our evidence implies that the market shares of these partners fell after ZTQ's collapse, supporting that guiltless partners' reputations were tarnished. We also find that these partners are less likely to be employed by reputable audit firms. The clients of these partners tend to have lower earnings response coefficients, implying that investors downgrade the perceived quality of their audits. Moreover, compared to a matched sample, the former ZTQ partners tend to charge lower audit fees after the firm's collapse. Finally, we exploit the unique structure of ZTQ to provide evidence consistent with the prediction that the former partners from the branch that handled the YGX audits experienced worse damage to their reputations. In a setting with minimal auditor discipline stemming from civil litigation, our results lend support to the intuition that partners' reputation concerns motivate them to protect audit quality by closely monitoring other partners in the firm.
Audit Failure of New Zealand Finance Companies An Exploratory Investigation

The setting of private finance companies that failed in New Zealand during 2006 2012 was characterized by weaker corporate governance and enforcement of securities law. This paper aims to explore audit failure in this setting and examine whether auditors erred in their audits of the failed finance companies and whether the audit failure rate of Big N auditors was different from that of non Big N auditors.  This paper adopts the archival research method and uses three sets of evidence to assess audit failure the frequency of going concern opinion (GCO) prior to failure, misstatements in the last audited financial statements, and the violation of the Code of Ethics.  The study finds that only 41 per cent of the sample companies received the GCO in their last audit prior to failure and provides evidence of material misstatements in the financial statements of a number of failed finance companies that received clean audit opinions prior to failure and breaches of the Code of Ethics by a number of auditors. These results strongly indicate audit failure for a number of failed finance companies. The audit failure rate, however, appears less for Big N auditors than for non Big N auditors.  The study draws attention of the stock market regulator and the accounting profession to an area, the audit of private finance companies, that needs better quality audits.  This paper provides systematic evidence of audit failure in failed finance companies in New Zealand. It also furnishes preliminary evidence of Big N auditors compensating for weaker corporate governance.
A New Controller for a Smart Walker Based on Human Robot Formation
Venue: Sensors

This paper presents the development of a smart walker that uses a formation controller in its displacements. Encoders, a laser range finder and ultrasound are the sensors used in the walker. The control actions are based on the user (human) location, who is the actual formation leader. There is neither a sensor attached to the user's body nor force sensors attached to the arm supports of the walker, and thus, the control algorithm projects the measurements taken from the laser sensor into the user reference and, then, calculates the linear and angular walker's velocity to keep the formation (distance and angle) in relation to the user. An algorithm was developed to detect the user's legs, whose distances from the laser sensor provide the information necessary to the controller. The controller was theoretically analyzed regarding its stability, simulated and validated with real users, showing accurate performance in all experiments. In addition, safety rules are used to check both the user and the device conditions, in order to guarantee that the user will not have any risks when using the smart walker. The applicability of this device is for helping people with lower limb mobility impairments.
Analysis Of Biogeochemical Cycling Processes In Walker Branch Watershed

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Big data analytics implementation for value discovery: a systematic literature review

The growing number of big data technologies and analytic solutions has been developed to support the requirement of big data implementation. The capability of analyzing big data becomes critical issues in the big data implementation because the traditional analytics tools are no longer suitable to process and analyze the massive amount and different types of data. In the recent years, technological issues and challenges on big data adoptions have been actively conducted globally. However, there are still lacking of studies on how big data implementation can derive and discover values for better decision making. The intent of this review is to investigate the capability components for Big Data Analytics (BDA) implementation towards value discovery. Based on this investigation, it was found that the capability components that may impact value discovery is formulating big data framework that includes the enabler technology and processing and using sufficient analytic techniques for analysing big data.
Patients' Perceived Quality of Family Physicians' Primary Care with or without 'Family Medicine' in the Clinic Name
Venue: Korean journal of family medicine

Patients' perspectives of family medicine according to the physician's identity and role as a primary care specialist need to be investigated. This study was conducted to investigate the perceived quality of the primary care of family medicine clinics as assessed by patients in a community setting.  Patients (or their guardians) visiting nine community family medicine clinics were surveyed using the Korean Primary Care Assessment Tool from April 2014 to June 2014. The scores of the Korean Primary Care Assessment Tool domains were compared according to the clinics' designation (or not) as 'family medicine' and the patients' recognition (or not) of the physicians as board certified family medicine specialists.  A total of 196 subjects responded to the questionnaire. They assessed the community clinics' quality of primary care as moderate to high. Of the clinics, those that were not designated as family medicine scored higher than those that were designated as family medicine (P<0.05) The group of patients that recognized a clinic as that of a board certified family medicine specialist awarded higher scores than the non recognition group in the domains of coordination function and personalized care (P<0.05)  The moderate to high scores for the community family medicine clinics' quality of primary care are encouraging. It seems that patients' recognition of the family physician's role and of the physician patient relationship has a significant influence on their assessment of the quality of primary care.
Software Quality Management An Overview of CMMI and TPI Quality Assessment Procedures

The objective of the paper is to bring out the various aspects of CMMI and TMMI standards in software testing. It also aims to bring out a new frame work which will cover all aspects into one standard implementation rather than carrying out various tests and still feeling something is left out. CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integration) is a process improvement approach that provides organizations with the essential elements of effective processes, which will improve their performance. CMMI based process improvement includes identifying organization's process, strengths and weaknesses and making process change to turn weaknesses into strengths. CMMI applies to teams, work groups, projects, divisions, and entire organizations etc. Finding out why CMMI has been adopted by so many organizations worldwide.
Impacts of the Asia Australia dipole and ENSO on climate variability in the Asia Australia region

An empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of upper troposphere thickness between 200 and 300 hPa reveals a north south dipole over the Asian Australian (A A) monsoon region in boreal winter (December February, DJF) The dipole centres are located above the exit of the polar jet in the north and over the equatorial 'warm pool' in the south. The structure is defined as the Asia Australia dipole (AAD) in this study. Its intensity reflects the temperature gradient and interaction of the circulation between the Southern and Northern Hemispheres, as well as illustrating the relations between the polar front jet and the 'warm pool' climate. The results show that the AAD strongly affects the climate in the A A region after excluding the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) signal in the upper troposphere. The precipitation in the western Eurasian continent and the surface temperature in most of the A A region are closely linked through the AAD, while the ENSO signal in the upper troposphere influences the climate at lower latitudes. Furthermore, the AAD index (AADI) signal can be found in most 5th Phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) model results. Thus, both observational analysis and modelling results demonstrate that the AAD is an important structure in the upper troposphere, largely reflecting differences in the upper troposphere between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.