nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The bond event study methodology since 1974

In the spirit of methodology reviews for stock event studies, like the one prepared by Binder (Rev Quant Financ Account 11:111 137, 1998) this paper discusses the development of the event study methodology for corporate bonds since its first application with Katz (J Financ 29:551 559, 1974) The motivation to conduct this review stems from two sources: First, the methodology utilized for stocks cannot simply be applied to bonds, as bonds present several features that strongly distinguish them from stocks. An erroneous model could lead to false conclusions about the impact of new information on a firm's debt. Second, the availability of new sources for bond data enables the application of bond event studies for an increasing number of research frameworks. Thus, future research ought to be interested in the selection of the proper methodology. Consequently, this paper illustrates past and present event study methods utilized to calculate abnormal bond returns and reviews the applied parametric and non parametric test statistics. Besides, insight on how the availability of corporate bond data has evolved through the last four decades, as well as the impact on prevailing methodology is provided. Altogether, this paper provides a first extensive snapshot of the current bond event study methodology and offers guidance for future research.
A geometric graph model for citation networks of exponentially growing scientific papers

In citation networks, the content relativity of papers is a precondition of engendering citations, which is hard to model by a topological graph. A geometric graph is proposed to predict some features of the citation networks with exponentially growing papers, which addresses the precondition by using coordinates of nodes to model the research contents of papers, and geometric distances between nodes to diversities of research contents between papers. Citations between modeled papers are drawn according to a geometric rule, which addresses the precondition as well as some other factors engendering citations, namely academic influences of papers, aging of those influences, and incomplete copying of references. Instead of cumulative advantage of degree, the model illustrates that the scale free property of modeled networks arises from the inhomogeneous academic influences of modeled papers. The model can also reproduce some other statistical features of citation networks, e.g. in and out assortativities, which show the model provides a suitable tool to understand some aspects of citation networks by geometry.
The Social Dimension of Mobile Commerce Engaging Customers Through Group Purchase
Venue: HCI

Social commerce and mobile commerce have become increasingly popular in recent years because they enhance customer's shopping process and increase businesses' revenue. However, the extant literature does not prescribe sufficient design guidelines for implementing social commerce in a mobile commerce context. This research draws on the idea of group purchase to inject an element of social commerce into mobile commerce. A set of mobile commerce design features is carefully contrived to support group purchase in a process that maximizes social interaction among customers and their shopping partners. This could potentially increase user engagement with the mobile commerce application and encourage customer loyalty and repeated purchase.
Empirical Research on How Product Advertising, Time Pressure and the Discount Rate Effect on the Sales of Products in Online Group Purchase

The rapid growth of the market for the group purchase website brings opportunity and challenge, to obtain a stable customer base has become a key factor for the development of group purchase website, so we must identify what purchase factors affecting consumer choice. Through the cooperation with a large tourism group purchase platform in China, we obtain 181 days data that includes the purchase of 4898 group purchase products and related variables. Then we do an empirical analysis on the impact of the group purchase product factors, the results showed that the product advertising effect, product discount level, time pressure product page to display will have a significant impact on the amount of purchase products. Our research not only fills on the blank of influence factors of group purchase behavior, but also provides some practical guidance for the development of group purchase platform.
Effect of calf purchase and other herd level risk factors on mortality, unwanted early slaughter, and use of antimicrobial group treatments in Swiss veal calf operations.
Venue: Preventive veterinary medicine

The objective of this survey was to determine herd level risk factors for mortality, unwanted early slaughter, and metaphylactic application of antimicrobial group therapy in Swiss veal calves in 2013. A questionnaire regarding farm structure, farm management, mortality and antimicrobial use was sent to all farmers registered in a Swiss label program setting requirements for improved animal welfare and sustainability. Risk factors were determined by multivariable logistic regression. A total of 619 veal producers returned a useable questionnaire (response rate=28.5% of which 40.9% only fattened their own calves (group O) 56.9% their own calves and additional purchased calves (group O&P) and 2.3% only purchased calves for fattening (group P) A total number of 19,077 calves entered the fattening units in 2013, of which 21.7% 66.7% and 11.6% belonged to groups O, O&P, and P, respectively. Mortality was 0% in 322 herds (52.0% between 0% and 3% in 47 herds (7.6% and =3% in 250 herds (40.4% Significant risk factors for mortality were purchasing calves, herd size, higher incidence of BRD, and access to an outside pen. Metaphylaxis was used on 13.4% of the farms (7.9% only upon arrival, 4.4% only later in the fattening period, 1.1% upon arrival and later) in 3.2% of the herds of group O, 17.9% of those in group O&P, and 92.9% of those of group P. Application of metaphylaxis upon arrival was positively associated with purchase (OR=8.9) and herd size (OR=1.2 per 10 calves) Metaphylaxis later in the production cycle was positively associated with group size (OR=2.9) and risk of respiratory disease (OR=1.2 per 10% higher risk) and negatively with the use of individual antimicrobial treatment (OR=0.3) In many countries, purchase and a large herd size are inherently connected to veal production. The Swiss situation with large commercial but also smaller herds with little or no purchase of calves made it possible to investigate the effect of these factors on mortality and antimicrobial drug use. The results of this study show that a system where small farms raise the calves from their own herds has a substantial potential to improve animal health and reduce antimicrobial drug use.
Serum nesfatin 1 levels in patients with different glucose tolerance levels.
Venue: Physiological research

The aim of this study was to compare the levels of nesfatin 1 in healthy subjects with those in prediabetic and diabetic patients who have different glucose tolerance levels. Overall, 100 subjects were divided into 5 groups healthy control (C) impaired fasting glycemia (IFG) impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) metabolic syndrome (MS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, (Type 2 DM) Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) assessed the glycemic control. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA IR) was determined using computer analyses. Nesfatin 1 levels were measured using ELISA method. IFG and IGT (prediabetic groups) from MS and Type 2 DM (diabetic groups) differed significantly in HOMA IR. The nesfatin 1 levels were lower, although not statistically significant, in IFG (0.937+ 0.03 ng/ml, p=0.07) and IGT (1.039+ 0.06 ng/ml, p=0.5) groups compared to healthy subjects (1.094+ 0.07 ng/ml) However, the nesfatin 1 levels were lower in patients with Type 2 DM (0.867+ 0.02 ng/ml, p=0.007) and MS (0.885+ 0.01 ng/ml, p=0.01) compared to healthy subjects. Nesfatin 1 levels were significantly lower in diabetic patients compared to healthy subjects. This study supports the role of insulin resistance in decreased nesfatin 1 levels in patients with Type 2 DM and MS.
Looking Around the Mind s Eye Attention Based Access to Visual Search Templates in Working Memory

We present a new computational model that addresses resource limitations in working memory during visual search. In contrast to previous computational models of visual search, which assume unlimited and instantaneous access to a visual search template stored in working memory, our model provides a new mechanism for sequential, partial access to complex search templates. Using the Embedded Figures Test (EFT) as our task domain, we show that small variations in this mechanism for attention based template access can have large effects on search performance. We also suggest a new computational explanation for how this mechanism might explain individual differences in "field independence," the cognitive construct that the EFT is intended to measure. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results for research in AI and cognitive science.
Sun vs. shade affects infestation, total population and sex ratio of the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) in Puerto Rico

Sun and shade coffee Coffea arabica L. provide different biotic and abiotic environments which can affect the damage, distribution and reproduction of coffee pests. However, the effect of shade on damage by the coffee berry borer (CBB) Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) the most important coffee pest worldwide, is controversial and unclear. We compared infestation, total population per fruit and sex ratio of the CBB between shade and sun coffee, during two coffee growing seasons in Adjuntas, Puerto Rico. According to generalized linear mixed models, CBB infestation was significantly higher in shade plots, and ranged from 7 52% compared with 4 26% in sun. However, the total population per fruit was higher in sun coffee fruits than in shade coffee, and the sex ratio was more biased to females in sun coffee. Sun coffee was characterized by higher temperatures and lower relative humidity. Environmental variables appeared to be important drivers of CBB population densities in field, with positive correlations between temperature and the number of pupae, juveniles, females and males. This tendency of larger populations in sun plots could represent a serious threat for coffee. In addition to fewer CBB in infested fruits in shade plots, we observed that shade coffee also had more natural enemies of CBB such as ants and entomopathogenic fungi.
A User Behavior Based Approach to Detect the Insider Threat in Distributed Diagnostic Imaging Systems
Venue: 2016 IEEE 29th International Symposium on Computer Based Medical Systems (CBMS)

A modern diagnostic imaging system integrates several PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) through datacenters that allow a large community of users to access and share sensitive patient medical images. In such integration user access to the medical images that are stored in non local PACS systems is based on a trust model, which makes data integrity and privacy vulnerable due to possible malicious user behaviors. Moreover, the limited scope and precision of the existing policy based access control solutions prevent them from detecting suspicious behaviors of the authenticated users. In this paper, we propose an approach for analyzing the user behaviors that allows the administrators to identify the users whose behaviors may jeopardize the data privacy and system integrity. In this context, the system administrator can define an arbitrary pattern of a suspicious user behavior using our new behavior pattern language. A constraint based pattern matching engine will identify the instances of the suspicious behavior pattern in the system's audit log repository. Finally, a decision support system will present the excerpt findings to the system administrator with the overall goal of refining the access control policy rules. We present a case study which indicates our proposed approach provides promising results.
Instance Normalization: The Missing Ingredient for Fast Stylization
Venue: ArXiv

It this paper we revisit the fast stylization method introduced in Ulyanov et. al. (2016) We show how a small change in the stylization architecture results in a significant qualitative improvement in the generated images. The change is limited to swapping batch normalization with instance normalization, and to apply the latter both at training and testing times. The resulting method can be used to train high performance architectures for real time image generation. The code will is made available on github at this https URL. Full paper can be found at .
Hyperspectral Vehicle BRDF Learning: An Exploration of Vehicle Reflectance Variation and Optimal Measures of Spectral Similarity for Vehicle Reacquisition and Tracking Algorithms

The spectral signatures of vehicles in hyperspectral imagery exhibit temporal variations due to the preponderance of surfaces with material properties that display non Lambertian bidirectional reflectance distribution functions (BRDFs) These temporal variations are caused by changing illumination conditions, changing sun target sensor geometry, changing road surface properties, and changing vehicle orientations. To quantify these variations and determine their relative importance in a sub pixel vehicle reacquisition and tracking scenario, a hyperspectral vehicle BRDF sampling experiment was conducted in which four vehicles were rotated at different orientations and imaged over a six hour period. The hyperspectral imagery was calibrated using novel in scene methods and converted to reflectance imagery. The resulting BRDF sampled time series imagery showed a strong vehicle level BRDF dependence on vehicle shape in off nadir imaging scenarios and a strong dependence on vehicle color in simulated nadir imaging scenarios. The imagery also exhibited spectral features characteristic of sampling the BRDF of non Lambertian targets, which were subsequently verified with simulations. In addition, the imagery demonstrated that the illumination contribution from vehicle adjacent horizontal surfaces significantly altered the shape and magnitude of the vehicle reflectance spectrum. The results of the BRDF sampling experiment illustrate the need for a target vehicle BRDF model and detection scheme that incorporates non Lambertian BRDFs. A new detection algorithm called Eigenvector Loading Regression (ELR) is proposed that learns a hyperspectral vehicle BRDF from a series of BRDF measurements using regression in a lower dimensional space and then applies the learned BRDF to make test spectrum predictions. In cases of non Lambertian vehicle BRDF, this detection methodology performs favorably when compared to subspace detections algorithms and graph based detection algorithms that do not account for the target BRDF. The algorithms are compared using a test environment in which observed spectral reflectance signatures from the BRDF sampling experiment are implanted into aerial hyperspectral imagery that contain large quantities of vehicles.
500 yr. precipitation variability in Southern Taihang Mountains, China, and its linkages to ENSO and PDO
Venue: Climatic Change

An annually resolved and absolutely dated ring width chronology spanning 657 yrs. is constructed with Whitebark pine (Pinus bungeana Zucc. samples from the southern Taihang Mountains, Eastern China. On the basis of a significant correlation between the tree ring width index and observed instrumental data, precipitation in current May is reconstructed for the region since AD 1510, with predictor variables accounting for 37.9 of the variance in precipitation data. In agreement with other drought reconstructions, notable dry spells occur in the 1630s 1650s, 1680s 1700s, and 1770s 1800s, whereas wet periods prevail in the 1530s 1570s, 1840s 1870s, and 1950s present. Wavelet analysis reveals clear 2 8, 20 40, and 80 130 yrs cycles at the 95 confidence level for the reconstructed series over the past 500 yrs, suggesting possible linkages with the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) Correlation analysis between the tree ring series, ENSO, and PDO index further demonstrates that precipitation is negatively correlated with PDO and ENSO in the long term.
Recent Progress in the Variational Orbital Approach to Atomic and Molecular Electronic Structure

Recent progress in selected configuration interaction (CI) with truncation energy error (SCI TEE) is discussed together with applications. In molecular CI, we take up (i) preselection of huge numbers of configurations and sensitivity analyses, (ii) highlights of SCI TEE applied to H 2 O ground state, and (iii) symmetric dissociation of H 2 O ground state. We describe automatic optimization of atomic orbital bases to within a prescribed complete basis set energy error and an application of it to Ne ground state. New perspectives on the use of optimized orbital bases are briefly outlined. We discuss opportunities for new theory and new predictions in connection with a genuine variational theorem for the Breit Dirac Hamiltonian. We explain the meaning of positive and negative energy orbitals in contrast with positive energy and unphysical N electron states. We conclude with an overview of current and planned work.
Significant treatment effect of adjunct music therapy to standard treatment on the positive, negative, and mood symptoms of schizophrenic patients: a meta analysis
Venue: BMC Psychiatry

BackgroundMusic therapy (MT) has been used as adjunct therapy for schizophrenia for decades. However, its role is still inconclusive. A recent meta analysis demonstrated that MT for schizophrenic patients only significantly benefits negative symptoms and mood symptoms rather than positive symptoms. In addition, the association between specific characteristics of MT and the treatment effect remains unclear. The aim of this study was to update the published data and to explore the role of music therapy in adjunct treatment in schizophrenia with a thorough meta analysis.MethodsWe compared the treatment effect in schizophrenic patients with standard treatment who did and did not receive adjunct MT through a meta analysis, and investigated the clinical characteristics of MT through meta regression.ResultsThe main finding was that the treatment effect was significantly better in the patients who received adjunct MT than in those who did not, in negative symptoms, mood symptoms, and also positive symptoms (all p 0.05) This significance did not change after dividing the patients into subgroups of different total duration of MT, amounts of sessions, or frequency of MT. Besides, the treatment effect on the general symptoms was significantly positively associated with the whole duration of illness, indicating that MT would be beneficial for schizophrenic patients with a chronic course.ConclusionsOur meta analysis highlights a significantly better treatment effect in schizophrenic patients who received MT than in those who did not, especially in those with a chronic course, regardless of the duration, frequency, or amounts of sessions of MT. These findings provide evidence that clinicians should apply MT for schizophrenic patients to alleviate disease severity.
What a Simple Letter Detection Task Can Tell Us About Cognitive Processes in Reading

Understanding reading is a central issue for psychology, with major societal implications. Over the past five decades, a simple letter detection task has been used as a window on the psycholinguistic processes involved in reading. When readers are asked to read a text for comprehension while marking with a pencil all instances of a target letter, they miss some of the letters in a systematic way known as the missing letter effect. In the current article, we review evidence from studies that have emphasized neuroimaging, eye movement, rapid serial visual presentation, and auditory passages. As we review, the missing letter effect captures a wide variety of cognitive processes, including lexical activation, attention, and extraction of phrase structure. To account for the large set of findings generated by studies of the missing letter effect, we advanced an attentional disengagement model that is rooted in how attention is allocated to and disengaged from lexical items during reading, which we have recently shown applies equally to listening.
Finding the connections between native speakerism and authenticity

Native speakerism and authenticity are two subjects that have been written on extensively in the field of English language teaching, but the links between the two have yet to be explored in any great depth. This paper extensively reviews the literature on native speakerism and authenticity and outlines where the connections between these two concepts, both practical and theoretical, may lie. Native speakerism and authenticity are first briefly introduced and contextualised separately, and a theoretical framework is then presented to explain the connections between them based on the key foundational topics of authority, culturism, and cultural capital. Following this, the paper moves on to explain how these connections manifest in the ELT industry to influence the lives of 'non native speaker' teachers in terms of student perceptions, self perceptions, and professional discrimination, and how these are both influential on, and propagated by, the sales rhetoric of the ELT industry. Finally some suggestions are given for possible avenues of future research.
Native speakerism and the complexity of personal experience: A duoethnographic study

This paper presents a duoethnographic study into the effects of native speakerism on the professional lives of two English language teachers, one "native" and one "non native speaker" of English. The goal of the study was to build on and extend existing research on the topic of native speakerism by investigating, through dialogic interaction, the complex ways in which this ideology can influence the lives and career trajectories of individual language teachers. We show that the effects of native speakerism can vary greatly from person to person based on not only their "native" or "non native" positioning, but also on geography, teaching context and personal disposition.
Revisiting the issue of native speakerism: 'I don't want to speak like a native speaker of English'

This qualitative study of English Korean bilinguals explores the ways in which they legitimize themselves as 'good' bilinguals in relation to the discourse of native speakerism. I first survey the essentialist discourse of native speakerism still prevalent in the field of English language teaching and learning despite the growing criticism; the implication is that the acquisition of 'native like' English competence is the prioritized marker of proficiency for English language learners in both English as a second language (ESL) and English as a foreign language countries. I then analyze ethnographic and qualitative interview data from 20 South Korean bilinguals of English and Korean to examine how they evaluate this problematic preference for native speakerism as well as how they redefine what constitutes 'good' bilingual competence in contemporary South Korean society. In opposition to major assumptions in the scholarly literature, the findings suggest that English language learners themselves might not consider the acquisition of 'native like' language competence an ideal goal to achieve. Rather, these bilinguals make a concerted investment in acquiring and displaying socially expected sociolinguistic, metasociolingusitic and discursive competences that are closely associated with 'good' and 'ideal' bilinguals in a given language community. The article concludes with recommendations for revisiting the issue of native speakerism and ideological presuppositions of 'native like' competence.