nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of clutch lining frictional characteristics upon cold and hot take up judder

Clutch take up judder is a torsional vibration phenomenon induced by stick slip oscillations at the friction lining interfaces between the clutch friction disc and the flywheel and pressure plate surfaces during the process of clutch engagement. This is short lived transient phenomenon affected by the clutch lining material's friction characteristics, topography of the mating sliding surfaces and operational conditions during engagement such as contact pressure interfacial slip speed and contact temperature. The phenomenon leads to driver discomfort as well as gradual wear of contacting surfaces, even if short lived. Its frequency is is usually reported to be in the range 5 20Hz depending on the vehicle type. The friction characteristics alter in a transient manner during engagement and it should be measured under controlled conditions. In this paper the measured interfacial friction characteristics together with clamp load variation (contact pressure) under different surface temperatures are included in a multi degree of freedom dynamic analysis to obtain torsional vibrations of the system, pertaining to take up judder conditions. Such an in depth investigation has not hitherto been reported in literature. The paper shows that take up stick slip judder is omnipresent under all clutch engagement conditions, but its poignancy is most evident at cold surface temperatures. It is also shown that the transient judder response has a broader spectral content that is generally understood.
Photometric Bundle Adjustment for Vision Based SLAM
Venue: ACCV

We propose a novel algorithm for the joint refinement of structure and motion parameters from image data directly without relying on fixed and known correspondences. In contrast to traditional bundle adjustment (BA) where the optimal parameters are determined by minimizing the reprojection error using tracked features, the proposed algorithm relies on maximizing the photometric consistency and estimates the correspondences implicitly. Since the proposed algorithm does not require correspondences, its application is not limited to corner like structure; any pixel with nonvanishing gradient could be used in the estimation process. Furthermore, we demonstrate the feasibility of refining the motion and structure parameters simultaneously using the photometric in unconstrained scenes and without requiring restrictive assumptions such as planarity. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on range of challenging outdoor datasets, and it is shown to improve upon the accuracy of the state of the art VSLAM methods obtained using the minimization of the reprojection error using traditional BA as well as loop closure.
RGB D SLAM Based on Extended Bundle Adjustment with 2D and 3D Information
Venue: Sensors

In the study of SLAM problem using an RGB D camera, depth information and visual information as two types of primary measurement data are rarely tightly coupled during refinement of camera pose estimation. In this paper, a new method of RGB D camera SLAM is proposed based on extended bundle adjustment with integrated 2D and 3D information on the basis of a new projection model. First, the geometric relationship between the image plane coordinates and the depth values is constructed through RGB D camera calibration. Then, 2D and 3D feature points are automatically extracted and matched between consecutive frames to build a continuous image network. Finally, extended bundle adjustment based on the new projection model, which takes both image and depth measurements into consideration, is applied to the image network for high precision pose estimation. Field experiments show that the proposed method has a notably better performance than the traditional method, and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving localization accuracy.
A Hybrid Controller for Vision Based Navigation of Autonomous Vehicles in Urban Environments
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems

This paper presents a new hybrid control approach for vision based navigation applied to autonomous robotic automobiles in urban environments. It is composed by a visual servoing (VS) for road lane following (as deliberative control) and a dynamic window approach (DWA) for obstacle avoidance (as reactive control) Typically, VS applications do not change the velocities to stop the robot in dangerous situations or avoid obstacles while performing the navigation task. However, in several urban conditions, these are elements that must be dealt with to guarantee the safe movement of the car. As a solution for this problem, in this paper, a line following VS controller will be used to perform road lane following tasks with obstacle avoidance, validating its control outputs in a new image based dynamic window approach (IDWA) The final solution combines the benefits of both controllers (VS+IDWA) for optimal lane following and fast obstacle avoidance, taking into account the car kinematics and some dynamics constraints. Experiments in a challenging scenario with both simulated and real experimental car show the viability of the proposed methodology.
An Open Research Facility for Vision Based Navigation Onboard the International Space Station
Venue: J. Field Robotics

This paper describes the VERTIGO Goggles, a hardware upgrade to the SPHERES satellites that enables vision based navigation research in the 6 degree of freedom, microgravity environment of the International Space Station ISS. The Goggles include stereo cameras, an embedded x86 computer, a high speed wireless communications system, and the associated electromechanical and software systems. The Goggles were designed to be a modular, expandable, and upgradable "open research test bed" that have been used for a variety of other experiments by external researchers. In February 2013, the Goggles successfully completed a hardware checkout on the ISS and was used for initial vision based navigation research. This checkout included a successful camera calibration by an astronaut onboard the ISS. This paper describes the requirements, design, and operation of this test bed as well as the experimental results of its first checkout operations.
Learning to generalize to new compositions in image understanding
Venue: ArXiv

Recurrent neural networks have recently been used for learning to describe images using natural language. However, it has been observed that these models generalize poorly to scenes that were not observed during training, possibly depending too strongly on the statistics of the text in the training data. Here we propose to describe images using short structured representations, aiming to capture the crux of a description. These structured representations allow us to tease out and evaluate separately two types of generalization: standard generalization to new images with similar scenes, and generalization to new combinations of known entities. We compare two learning approaches on the MS COCO dataset: a state of the art recurrent network based on an LSTM (Show, Attend and Tell) and a simple structured prediction model on top of a deep network. We find that the structured model generalizes to new compositions substantially better than the LSTM, ~7 times the accuracy of predicting structured representations. By providing a concrete method to quantify generalization for unseen combinations, we argue that structured representations and compositional splits are a useful benchmark for image captioning, and advocate compositional models that capture linguistic and visual structure.
Working with Creativity of Gifted Students through Ludic Teaching

Educational practices that develop creativity depend on good teacher training. Teachers should be able to value the potential of their students. Teacher can promote a work with creative educational practices for this which it is necessary to develop in their students the ability to think in terms of possibility to explore various consequences and suggest changes and improvements to their own ideas. Teacher is a facilitator of the teaching learning process and encourages the interests of their students. He/she should respect their feelings and emotions, allowing that each student has the freedom to express themselves in class in a positive emotional climate. Teacher should respect his/her students in accordance with their needs. Needs can be cognitive, social or emotional. It is possible to emphasize the importance of ludic teaching to attend psychological, cognitive, emotional and social needs of gifted students. Through ludic teaching, teachers can incite the desire to learn of these children and help them to develop their creative potential.
Too Bad to be Gifted: Gifts Denied for Black Males with Emotional and Behavioral Needs

Most students identified with an emotional disorder (ED) are Black males (U.S Department of Education, 2015) and Black males are least likely to be formally identified as needing gifted and talented education (GATE) opportunities. Essentially, Black students identified with ED are not "too bad" to also be identified as gifted. We do not negate the existence of significant social and emotional deficits but rather establish Black students' capabilities of demonstrating strengths that need appropriate recognition and service. High achieving Black males with significant social and emotional problems are likely twice exceptional. Like most twice exceptional students, Black twice exceptional students are at risk for being misidentified, mislabeled, and miseducated while receiving services that do not sufficiently address all of their learning needs (Eklund, Tanner, Stoll, Anway, 2015; Karnes, Shaunessy, Bisland, 2004; Missett, 2013; Webb, 2004) We examine how high achieving Black students identified with ED are receiving inadequate academic instruction and are more likely to drop out of high school, less likely to find steady employment, and very likely to have a criminal record (Wagner Newman, 2012) As a result, improving the education of these at risk students is a national priority. Through the case study of Donovan, a highly intelligent Black child identified with ED, we make this case in opposition to arguments that minorities are disproportionately underrepresented in special education (Morgan, Farkas, Hillemeier, Mattison, Maczuga, Li, Cook, 2015) Donovan's story exemplifies the overwhelming findings at federal, state, and local levels about minorities disproportionality in special education.
Multi Organ Cancer Classification and Survival Analysis
Venue: ArXiv

Accurate and robust cell nuclei classification is the cornerstone for a wider range of tasks in digital and Computational Pathology. However, most machine learning systems require extensive labeling from expert pathologists for each individual problem at hand, with no or limited abilities for knowledge transfer between datasets and organ sites. In this paper we implement and evaluate a variety of deep neural network models and model ensembles for nuclei classification in renal cell cancer (RCC) and prostate cancer (PCa) We propose a convolutional neural network system based on residual learning which significantly improves over the state of the art in cell nuclei classification. Finally, we show that the combination of tissue types during training increases not only classification accuracy but also overall survival analysis.
Androgen induces gonadal soma derived factor, Gsdf, in XX gonads correlated to sex reversal but not Dmrt1 directly, in the teleost fish, northern medaka (Oryzias sakaizumii)
Venue: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

In the inbred HNI II strain of Oryzias sakaizumii, Dmy and Gsdf are expressed in XY gonads from Stages 35 and 36, respectively, similarly to the inbred Hd rR strain of Oryzias latipes. However, Dmrt1 respectively becomes detectable at Stage 36 and 5 days post hatching (dph) in the two strains. In XX HNI II embryos, 17a methyltestosterone (MT) induces Gsdf mRNA from Stage 36, accompanied by complete sex reversal in all treated individuals (MT, 10 ng/mL) while Dmrt1 mRNA was first detectable at 5 dph. In XX d rR, MT induced Gsdf mRNA expression and sex reversal in only some of the treated individuals. Together, these results suggest the testis differentiation cascade in XY individuals differs between the HNI II and Hd rR strains. In addition, it is suggested that androgen induced XX sex reversal proceeds via an androgen Gsdf Dmrt1 cascade and that Gsdf plays an important role in sex reversal in medaka.
Descriptive review of tuberculosis surveillance systems across the circumpolar regions
Venue: International journal of circumpolar health

Tuberculosis is highly prevalent in many Arctic areas. Members of the International Circumpolar Surveillance Tuberculosis (ICS TB) Working Group collaborate to increase knowledge about tuberculosis in Arctic regions.  To establish baseline knowledge of tuberculosis surveillance systems used by ICS TB member jurisdictions.  Three questionnaires were developed to reflect the different surveillance levels (local, regional and national) all 3 were forwarded to the official representative of each of the 15 ICS TB member jurisdictions in 2013. Respondents self identified the level of surveillance conducted in their region and completed the applicable questionnaire. Information collected included surveillance system objectives, case definitions, data collection methodology, storage and dissemination.  Thirteen ICS TB jurisdictions [Canada (Labrador, Northwest Territories, Nunavik, Nunavut, Yukon) Finland, Greenland, Norway, Sweden, Russian Federation (Arkhangelsk, Khanty Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, Yakutia (Sakha Republic) United States (Alaska) voluntarily completed the survey representing 2 local, 7 regional and 4 national levels. Tuberculosis reporting is mandatory in all jurisdictions, and case definitions are comparable across regions. The common objectives across systems are to detect outbreaks, and inform the evaluation/planning of public health programmes and policies. All jurisdictions collect data on confirmed active tuberculosis cases and treatment outcomes; 11 collect contact tracing results. Faxing of standardized case reporting forms is the most common reporting method. Similar core data elements are collected; 8 regions report genotyping results. Data are stored using customized programmes (n=7) and commercial software (n=6) Nine jurisdictions provide monthly, bi annual or annual reports to principally government and/or scientific/medical audiences.  This review successfully establishes baseline knowledge on similarities and differences among circumpolar tuberculosis surveillance systems. The similarity in case definitions will allow for description of the epidemiology of TB based on surveillance data in circumpolar regions, further study of tuberculosis trends across regions, and recommendation of best practices to improve surveillance activities.
Reading nostalgia and beyond: the hermeneutics of suspicion and race; and, learning to read, again, with Zoe Wicomb

Nudged into a new interpretive approach by a comment in her most recent novel, this essay presents an account of reading Wicomb's fiction that seeks to move beyond what Ricoeur describes as a "hermeneutics of suspicion," and that responds to it rather as a gathering in which reader and text are mutually composed. Informed by Sedgwick's distinction between "paranoid" and "reparative" reading, Best and Marcus's "surface reading" and, particularly, Felski's "postcritical" and Barthes's earlier "expressive" reading, it follows Nuttall in locating questions of "how we read now" in a South African context that is framed by race. Drawing on Fanon and Latour, it thus charts how Wicomb's fiction dislodges race from a "matter of fact" by moving readers to respond to it instead as a "matter of concern" that, for all its fabrication, does things, and thus demands our care.  Critique, colouredness, actor network theory, thing theory, David's Story, October
A New Environmental Protection Law, Many Old Problems? Challenges to Environmental Governance in China

Through a three year revision involving various stakeholders, China has enacted a new Environmental Protection Law (EPL) The new law seeks to harmonize economic and social development with environmental protection and for the first time establishes clear requirements for the construction of an ecological civilization. It toughens the penalties for environmental offences with specific articles and provisions for raising public awareness. It also places greater responsibility on local government and law enforcement for the protection of China's environment. However, many of the problems identified in the old EPL and especially the obstacles to its implementation have not been fully addressed and resolved. Effective environmental governance entails not only environmental laws but also implementation mechanisms, accountability regimes, and institutional arrangements. Raising the status of the EPL and of the general environmental protection apparatus is only the first step to meeting China's environmental challenges. More efforts in the area of enforcement and implementation will lead China to a cleaner future.
A Study of the Role of Work Engagement in Promoting Service Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Malaysian Hotel Sector

Buffeted by fast changing patterns of demand, the competitive hospitality industry requires a more precise understanding of the drivers of worker engagement that lead to high quality service and customer satisfaction. To that end, a study of 438 customer contact employees in 34 four and five star hotels in Malaysia used a proposed research model to test the direct relationships of four human resources management practices service training, service rewards, performance appraisal, and information sharing with work engagement, as well as to examine the mediating role of work engagement in the relationships between the four practices and service oriented organizational citizenship behavior. The results showed that training and, in particular, performance appraisal programs elevate service oriented organizational citizenship behavior through the mediating role of work engagement. Human resource managers in the hotel industry, therefore, can enhance the engagement of and ultimate service delivery from their frontline employees by refining their organizations' training and appraisal policies and practices.
The Socrates Cafe: Community Philosophy as an empowering tool in a day care centre for older people

The Socrates cafe at 'Cuan' day centre is a nonformal educational initiative. The cafe is loosely based on the Socratic method of seeking the truth through questioning and dialogue. The participants include people who attend the day centre, staff and students on placement. The Socrates cafe aims to treat older people as 'elders' providing intellectual challenge and opportunity for learning. Based on participant observation and interviews with participants and organisers, the paper will examine the purposes, benefits and use of community philosophy as an empowering tool. Social justice demands that we seek to create the conditions for people to flourish. Yet, our elder care services often treat older people as passive and incapable. Services for older people have traditionally adopted a care and health focus and there has been little emphasis on adult learning especially for people in the 'fourth' age. The findings suggest that the cafe provides an important forum for learning in a convivial environment with positive impacts for participants and benefits for the organisation itself. The cafe succeeded in integrating and linking participants with wider communities and promoting further learning opportunities. Located at the intersection of social care work and adult education, the paper argues that the Socrates cafe helps the participants to be self advocates and to create the conditions for their own social inclusion. Drawing on the experiences of participants at the Socrates cafe the paper considers the potential of Community Philosophy to promote greater social engagement in an elder care setting.
Emphasizing Morals, Values, Ethics, and Character Education in Science Education and Science Teaching.

This article presents rationale and arguments for the presence of morals, values, ethics and character education in science curriculum and science teaching that benefits the society. The author examines how rapid technological advancements and globalisation are contributing to the complexities of social life and underpinning the importance of morals, values and ethics. Syntheses and analyses are presented to the philosophical and pedagogical questions related to morals, ethics and character education. A comparative study between the philosophical and theoretical basis of modern western moral education and the Islamic moral values and education is outlined. Various obstacles in teaching morals/ethics and implementing character education in sciences are discussed. A range of teaching, learning and pedagogical techniques are proposed that may foster morals, values and ethics in students' minds and develop various skills and attributes necessary for future success in sciences.
The Integration of Science Technology Society/Science Technology Society Environment and Socio Scientific Issues for Effective Science Education and Science Teaching

This article explores Science Technology Society (STS) Science TechnologySociety Environment (STSE) and Socio Scientific Issues (SSI) in science education, and critically examines their contributions to science education and science teaching, and how they are underpinning values and ethics in society. The article presents rationales for the integration of STS/STSE and SSI education under a unified platform which can deliver an enriched, powerful, and organised pedagogy, and can be well accepted for the advancement of science education and science teaching. The benefits, projected outcomes and implicated issues surround the integration of STS/STSE and SSI are discussed. The STS/STSE and SSI integrated approach may effectively contribute to the development of scientific and technological literacies, and provide an impetus for the re emergence of values in science education; foster values and ethics in students' minds, and benefit the societies.
Integration of STS/STSE and SSI for Effective Science Education and Science Teaching

This article explores Science Technology Society (STS) Science Technology Society Environment (STSE) and Socio Scientific Issues (SSI) in science education, and critically examines their contributions to science education and science teaching, and how they are underpinning values and ethics in society. The article presents rationales for the integration of STS/STSE and SSI education under a unified platform which can deliver an enriched, powerful, and organised pedagogy, and can be well accepted for the advancement of science education and science teaching. The benefits, projected outcomes and implicated issues surround the integration of STS/STSE and SSI are discussed. The STS/STSE and SSI integrated approach may effectively contribute to the development of scientific and technological literacies, and provide an impetus for the re emergence of values in science education; foster values and ethics in students' minds, and benefit the societies.