nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Determination of a CD4+CD25 FoxP3+ T cells subset in tumor draining lymph nodes of colorectal cancer secreting IL 2 and IFN g
Venue: Tumor Biology

CD4+CD25 FoxP3+ cells are a newly recognized subset of T cells which was first reported in autoimmune diseases. In our previous study, this subset was detected in tumor draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) of patients with breast cancer. As little is known about their function in TDLNs of cancer patients, in this study, their frequency as well as their ability to produce interleukin (IL) 2, IL 10, or interferon (IFN) g were investigated in TDLNs of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Mononuclear cells were isolated from lymph nodes of 13 patients with CRC using Ficoll Hypaque gradient centrifugation. Cells were stimulated in vitro and stained with CD25, CD4, FoxP3, IFN g, IL 10, and IL 2 or isotype matched antibodies and subjected to flow cytometry. The frequency of CD4+CD25 FoxP3+CD127dim/ cells was significantly lower than CD4+CD25+FoxP3+CD127dim/ population in TDLNs of CRC patients. The percentage of CD127dim/ cells and also the MFI of FoxP3 expression was significantly lower in CD4+CD25 FoxP3+ in comparison with CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ population. Moreover, CD4+CD25 FoxP3+ cells contained higher percentages of IL 2 and IFN g producing cells than CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ subpopulation. But, no difference was seen between two subsets in terms of IL 10 production. CD4+CD25 FoxP3+ cells in TDLNs of CRC patients had lower suppressive and higher effector properties in comparison with CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ conventional regulatory T cells.
Speech Recognition Algorithm in Complex Noisy Environments Based on Multi Space Compensation

Speech recognition rate drops significantly when interfered by noise in complex environment. In order to improve the accuracy and the robustness of the speech recognition in adverse acoustical environments, this paper reviewed the main problems of noise robust speech recognition, proposed a multi space compensation algorithm which from signal space, feature space and model space based on wiener filter, histogram equalization and vector Taylor series. Theory analyses and experiment results show that the proposed method can overcome the defect of the sharp descent of speech recognition rate of existing speech recognition algorithm interfered by environmental noise and improve the accuracy and the robustness in adverse acoustical environments. The algorithm provides the theoretical support for the speech recognition in airport, station, wharf and other complex noise environment.
Managem Products Potentially used in Fertilizers Industry

In addition to the macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphate and potassium) micronutrients such as zinc, copper, cobalt and secondary elements for instance magnesium represent a major factors of crop growth and development. Beet, lettuce, onion, spinach, sunflower and tomato have relatively high copper requirements. Zinc plays a significant role in the auxins metabolism witch is well known as plant growth substances. Copper is necessary for photosynthesis process, as demonstrated by several authors. Concerning cobalt, this element has positive effect on the production of secondary metabolites. Managem group (Morocco) provides compounds containing divalent ions (Zn2+ Cu2+ Co2+ Mg2+ for the fertilizer industry. The Nano sized zinc oxide (50 200 nm; ZnO 95% with higher specific surface area. Its reactivity affect considerably zinc solubility, diffusion in soil and hence Zn availability to plants. Magnesium, Copper and Cobalt in form of sulfates could be synthesized with high purity at the solid and liquid forms. The chemical and physical characteristics of Managem products give them a good competitiveness in the fertilizer market.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Multimedia Interaktif Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa SD

Mata pelajaran matematika merupakan mata pelajaran yang perlu diberikan kepada peserta didik mulai dari sekolah dasar (SD) dengan tujuan untuk membekali peserta didik dengan kemampuan berfikir logis, analitis, sintetis, kritis dan kreatif, serta kemampuan bekerjasama. Beberapa hal yang diperoleh di lapangan berkaitan dengan pembelajaran matematika adalah anggapan siswa bahwa pembelajaran matematika itu membosankan, susah, dan sulit dipahami. Selain itu, dalam pembelajaran matematika kurangnya motivasi siswa dalam belajar. Hal ini akan berdampak pada kurangnya antusiasme sehingga siswa sulit memahami pelajaran. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya sebuah inovasi dalam pembelajaran matematika. Media pembelajaran khususnya komputer sebagai salah satu sarana untuk menunjang proses pembelajaran dan meningkatkan hasil belajar dapat menjadi sebuah solusi allternatif dalam pembelajaran matematika di SD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika menggunakan multimedia interaktif berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Selain itu, siswa juga mempunyai sikap yang positif terhadap pembelajaran matematika menggunakan multimedia interaktif. Pada pembelajaran menggunakan multimedia interaktif siswa merasa senang belajar matematika, dan termotivasi untuk belajar matematika. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan multimedia interaktif dapat dijadikan sebagai solusi alternatif dalam pembelajaran matematika di SD. Kata kunci Multimedia Interaktif, Hasil Belajar, Matematika
Active ageing beyond the labour market: evidence on the role of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards at work

Ageing' strategies aim to foster the participation of seniors in the society. Although economic literature has extensively studied the incentives for seniors to increase their labour supply, little is known about the motivations for older people to complement labour with other forms of social participation. This article provides empirical evidence of the role of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards received at work in the supply of formal and informal productive activities of 50 to 65 year old workers. The results show that workers with higher levels of intrinsic rewards received at work, such as skill development opportunities and decision latitude, are more likely to participate in social activities outside the labour market. Extrinsic rewards on the other hand, like advancement perspectives, job security and pay, appear independent from both formal and informal social participation.
A Market in Your Social Network: The Effects of Extrinsic Rewards on Friendsourcing and Relationships
Venue: CHI

Friendsourcing consists of broadcasting questions and help requests to friends on social networking sites. Despite its potential value, friendsourcing requests often fall on deaf ears. One way to improve response rates and motivate friends to undertake more effortful tasks may be to offer extrinsic rewards, such as money or a gift, for responding to friendsourcing requests. However, past research suggests that these extrinsic rewards can have unintended consequences, including undermining intrinsic motivations and undercutting the relationship between people. To explore the effects of extrinsic reward on friends' response rate and perceived relationship, we conducted an experiment on a new friendsourcing platform Mobilyzr. Results indicate that large extrinsic rewards increase friends' response rates without reducing the relationship strength between friends. Additionally, the extrinsic rewards allow requesters to explain away the failure of friendsourcing requests and thus preserve their perceptions of relationship ties with friends.
Technology and Distribution in Managerial Capitalism: The Chain of Historical Trajectories a la Marx and Countertendential Traverses

Five phases can be distinguished in the history of technical and distributional change in U.S. capitalism since the late 19th century. Three such phases manifest the features put forward in Volume III of Capital governing the declining trend of the pro t rate and can be denoted as trajectories a la Marx Two other periods (in particular 1910 1963) reveal symmetrical trends. They are the expression of the changing con gurations of the dynamics of productive forces and relations of production, given the continuing transformation of relations of production in managerial capitalism. This analysis supports the hypothesis that U.S. capitalism entered a new trajectory a la Marx after 2000.   http:/www.jourdan.ens.fr/levy/
A molecularly engineered hole transporting material for efficient perovskite solar cells

Soln. processable perovskite solar cells have recently achieved certified power conversion efficiencies of over 20 challenging the long standing perception that high efficiencies must come at high costs. One major bottleneck for increasing the efficiency even further is the lack of suitable hole transporting materials, which ext. pos. charges from the active light absorber and transmit them to the electrode. In this work, we present a molecularly engineered hole transport material with a simple dissym. fluorene dithiophene (FDT) core substituted by N, N di p methoxyphenylamine donor groups, which can be easily modified, providing the blueprint for a family of potentially low cost hole transport materials. We use FDT on state of the art devices and achieve power conversion efficiencies of 20.2 which compare favorably with control devices with 2, 2' 7, 7' tetrakis(N, N di p methoxyphenylamine) 9, 9' spirobifluorene (spiro OMeTAD) Thus, this new hole transporter has the potential to replace spiro OMeTAD.
Dietary fiber and satiety: the effects of oats on satiety.
Venue: Nutrition reviews

This review examines the effect of b glucan, the viscous soluble fiber in oats, on satiety. A literature search for studies that examined delivery of the fiber in whole foods or as an extract was conducted. Viscosity interferes with the peristaltic mixing process in the small intestine to impede digestion and absorption of nutrients, which precipitates satiety signals. From measurements of the physicochemical and rheological properties of b glucan, it appears that viscosity plays a key role in modulating satiety. However, the lack of standardized methods to measure viscosity and the inherent nature of appetite make it difficult to pinpoint the reasons for inconsistent results of the effects of oats on satiety. Nevertheless, the majority of the evidence suggests that oat b glucan has a positive effect on perceptions of satiety.
MILEPOST Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial: 12 Month Weight Loss and Satiety Outcomes After poseSM vs. Medical Therapy
Venue: Obesity Surgery

BackgroundPoseSM is an endolumenal weight loss intervention in which suture anchors are placed endoscopically in the gastric fundus/distal gastric body. Observational studies of pose have shown safe, effective weight loss. Twelve month results of a randomized controlled trial comparing weight loss and satiety after pose vs. conventional medical therapy are reported.MethodsSubjects with classes I II obesity were randomized in a 3:1 ratio to pose or diet/exercise guidance only (control) Pose subjects received gastric fundus and distal body suture anchor plications with diet/exercise counseling. Total body %TBWL) and excess weight loss %EWL) were assessed at 6 and 12 months. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyze 12 month %TBWL. Satiety changes were assessed at 6 and 12 months.ResultsFrom November 2013 to July 2014, 44 subjects were randomized (34, 77.3 female; mean age, 38.3 10.7 years; body mass index, 36.5 3.4 kg/m2) to pose (n 34) or control (n 10) groups in three centers. Mean pose procedure time was 51.8 14.5 min; pose subjects received a mean 8.8 1.3 fundal and 4.2 0.7 distal body plications.  pose, 13.0 (EWL, 45.0 n 30 vs. control group, 5.3 (18.1 n 9; significant mean difference, 7.7 (95 CI 2.2, 13.2; p 0.01) Pose subjects showed significant reductions in satiety parameters (p 0.001) controls experienced reduced caloric intake and satiety volume (p 0.05) No serious device or procedure related adverse events occurred.ConclusionsIn a randomized controlled trial at 12 months, pose treated subjects had significantly greater weight loss than those treated with diet/exercise guidance alone. At 6 and 12 months, pose subjects showed significant reduction in satiety parameters.
Neurotrophic factor control of satiety and body weight
Venue: Nature Reviews Neuroscience

Energy balance that is, the relationship between energy intake and energy expenditure is regulated by a complex interplay of hormones, brain circuits and peripheral tissues. Leptin is an adipocyte derived cytokine that suppresses appetite and increases energy expenditure. Ironically, obese individuals have high levels of plasma leptin and are resistant to leptin treatment. Neurotrophic factors, particularly ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are also important for the control of body weight. CNTF can overcome leptin resistance in order to reduce body weight, although CNTF and leptin activate similar signalling cascades. Mutations in the gene encoding BDNF lead to insatiable appetite and severe obesity.
Role of the satiety factor oleoylethanolamide in alcoholism
Venue: Addiction biology

Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) is a satiety factor that controls motivational responses to dietary fat. Here we show that alcohol administration causes the release of OEA in rodents, which in turn reduces alcohol consumption by engaging peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPAR a) This effect appears to rely on peripheral signaling mechanisms as alcohol self administration is unaltered by intracerebral PPAR a agonist administration, and the lesion of sensory afferent fibers (by capsaicin) abrogates the effect of systemically administered OEA on alcohol intake. Additionally, OEA is shown to block cue induced reinstatement of alcohol seeking behavior (an animal model of relapse) and reduce the severity of somatic withdrawal symptoms in alcohol dependent animals. Collectively, these findings demonstrate a homeostatic role for OEA signaling in the behavioral effects of alcohol exposure and highlight OEA as a novel therapeutic target for alcohol use disorders and alcoholism.
Deep spatial autoencoders for visuomotor learning
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

Reinforcement learning provides a powerful and flexible framework for automated acquisition of robotic motion skills. However, applying reinforcement learning requires a sufficiently detailed representation of the state, including the configuration of task relevant objects. We present an approach that automates state space construction by learning a state representation directly from camera images. Our method uses a deep spatial autoencoder to acquire a set of feature points that describe the environment for the current task, such as the positions of objects, and then learns a motion skill with these feature points using an efficient reinforcement learning method based on local linear models. The resulting controller reacts continuously to the learned feature points, allowing the robot to dynamically manipulate objects in the world with closed loop control. We demonstrate our method with a PR2 robot on tasks that include pushing a free standing toy block, picking up a bag of rice using a spatula, and hanging a loop of rope on a hook at various positions. In each task, our method automatically learns to track task relevant objects and manipulate their configuration with the robot's arm.
Evaluation of antiviral activity of plant extracts against foot and mouth disease virus in vitro.
Venue: Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences

The aim of this study was to evaluate antiviral activity of chloroformic leaves extracts of three plants: Azadirachta indica, Moringa oleifera and Morus alba against Foot and Mouth disease virus using MTT assay (3 (4, 5 Dimethylthiazol 2 yl) 2, 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide) Antiviral and cytotoxic activity of each extract was evaluated as cell survival percentage and results were expressed as Means S.D. The concentrations which resulted in cell survival percentages of greater than 50% are considered to be effective antiviral concentrations. From the tested plant extracts, Moringa oleifera showed potent antiviral activity (p<0.05) while Azadirachta indica showed significant antiviral activity in the range of 1 50m/ml 12 100m/ml respectively. In contrast no antiviral activity was observed by Morus alba as all the tested concentration resulted in significant reduction (p<0.05) in cell survival percentage.
Specification for DNS over Transport Layer Security (TLS)
Venue: RFC

This document describes the use of Transport Layer Security (TLS) to provide privacy for DNS. Encryption provided by TLS eliminates opportunities for eavesdropping and on path tampering with DNS queries in the network, such as discussed in RFC 7626. In addition, this document specifies two usage profiles for DNS over TLS and provides advice on performance considerations to minimize overhead from using TCP and TLS with DNS. This document focuses on securing stub to recursive traffic, as per the charter of the DPRIVE Working Group. It does not prevent future applications of the protocol to recursive to authoritative traffic.
Detection et analyse de l'impact des defauts de code dans les applications mobiles. (Detection and analysis of impact of code smells in mobile applications)

Les applications mobiles deviennent des logiciels complexes qui doivent etre developpes rapidement tout en evoluant de maniere continue afin de repondre aux nouveaux besoins des utilisateurs ainsi qu'aux mises a jour regulieres du contexte d'execution, a savoir le systeme d'exploitation des peripheriques mobiles. S'adapter a ces contraintes peut provoquer la presence de mauvais choix d'implementation ou de conception que nous appelons defauts de code. La presence de defauts de code au sein d'une application peut degrader la qualite et les performances d'une application en compliquant les taches de maintenance et d'evolution. Il est alors important de connaitre ces defauts mais aussi de pouvoir les detecter et les corriger, afin de permettre aux developpeurs d'ameliorer la qualite et les performances de leur application. Les defauts de code sont bien connus pour les applications orientes objets et de nombreux outils permettent leurs detections, mais ce n'est pas le cas pour les applications mobiles. Les connaissances concernant les defauts de code dans les applications mobiles sont lacunaires, notamment au niveau de l'impact de la correction de ces defauts sur l'application, de plus les outils permettant la detection et la correction des defauts sont inexistants ou peu matures. Nous presentons donc ici une classification de 17 defauts de code pouvant apparaitre dans les applications Android, ainsi qu'un outil permettant la detection et la correction des defauts de code sur Android. Nous appliquons et validons notre methode sur de grandes quantites d'applications (plus de 3000) dans deux etudes qui evaluent la presence et l'evolution du nombre des defauts de code dans des applications populaires. De plus, nous presentons aussi deux approches destinees a evaluer l'impact de la correction des defauts de code sur les performances et la consommation d'energie des applications. Nous avons applique ces approches sur des applications libres ce qui nous a permis d'observer que la correction des defauts de code est benefique dans la plupart des cas.
Impacto de los principales problemas de salud bucal en la calidad de vida de preescolares

Los principales problemas de salud bucal que afectan a los ninos menores de 5 anos de edad son la Caries Dental (CD) Traumatismo Dentario (TD) e recientemente el Desgaste Dentario Erosivo (DDEr) Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la prevalencia y severidad de CD, TD y DDEr en la Calidad de Vida Relacionada a la Salud Bucal (CVRSB) de preescolares y de sus padres/cuidadores, asociadas con variables sociodemograficas. Materiales y Metodos: Fueron seleccionados sistematicamente 617 ninos de 3 y 4 anos de edad durante la Campana Nacional de Vacunacion Infantil del Municipio de Diadema, Sao Paulo Brasil. Los padres y/o cuidadores respondieron el cuestionario de la version brasilena de calidad de vida (B ECOHIS) y datos sociodemograficos relacionados al nino(a) Fue firmado el Consentimiento informado previo al examen clinico. Cirujanos Dentistas entrenados y calibrados realizaron los examenes clinicos para CD, TD y DDEr. Para el analisis estadistico fue realizada la Regresion de Poisson con un intervalo de confianza de 95% Resultados: Los valores de Kappa (Inter e intra examinador) para todas las condiciones clinicas estudiadas fueron 0.8. La prevalencia de CD, TD y DDEr del total de la muestra fue de 33.1% 26.9% y 52.4% respectivamente. Fue observada una asociacion del score total del B ECOHIS con la edad del nino(a) (RP= 1.62 p= 0.005) la presencia de CD (RP= 2.88 p 6 (RP= 4.76 p< 0.001) La presencia y la severidad de TD y DDEr no mostraron un impacto negativo en la CVRSB de los preescolares.  La edad del nino, la presencia y severidad de la CD estan asociadas con la peor CVRSB de preescolares y de sus padres/cuidadores. TD y DDEr no mostro impacto en la CVRSB.
Automatic Construction of Evaluation Sets and Evaluation of Document Similarity Models in Large Scholarly Retrieval Systems
Venue: AAAI Workshop: Scholarly Big Data

Retrieval systems for scholarly literature offer the ability for the scientific community to search, explore and download scholarly articles across various scientific disciplines. Mostly used by the experts in the particular field, these systems contain user community logs including information on user specific downloaded articles. In this paper we present a novel approach for automatically evaluating document similarity models in large collections of scholarly publications. Unlike typical evaluation settings that use test collections consisting of query documents and human annotated relevance judgments, we use download logs to automatically generate pseudo relevant set of similar document pairs. More specifically we show that consecutively downloaded document pairs, extracted from a scholarly information retrieval (IR) system, could be utilized as a test collection for evaluating document similarity models. Another novel aspect of our approach lies in the method that we employ for evaluating the performance of the model by comparing the distribution of consecutively downloaded document pairs and random document pairs in log space. Across two families of similarity models, that represent documents in the term vector and topic spaces, we show that our evaluation approach achieves very high correlation with traditional performance metrics such as Mean Average Precision (MAP) while being more efficient to compute.