nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
LEP Language Disability, Immigration Reform, and English Language Acquisition

Policy might partly shape the English language acquisition of Hispanics migrating to the U.S. mainland, particularly policies related to limited English language disability benefits and immigration reform. Using data from the American Community Survey, we find that island born Puerto Ricans on the U.S. mainland, as U.S. citizens, may have lower incentives to learn English than Hispanic immigrants because of their higher participation in LEP disability programs. However, among Mexican immigrants, recent immigration reform aimed at interior enforcement might have increased incentives for Mexican immigrants to learn English to reduce their probability of detection, if speaking English proxies for undocumented status.
Thermal behavior of friction clutch disc based on uniform pressure and uniform wear assumptions

High temperatures appear in the contacting surfaces of a single disc clutch system (friction clutch disc, flywheel and pressure plate) due to the relative motion between these parts during the sliding period. These high temperatures are responsible for several disadvantages such as increasing wear rate, surface cracks and permanent distortions. In some cases, these disadvantages may lead the contacting surfaces to failure before the expected lifetime. In this work, mathematical models of the friction clutch system (single disc clutch) were built to find the temperature field during the sliding period (single engagement) Analysis has been completed using developed axisymmetric models to simulate the friction clutch system during the engagement. The surface temperatures are found based on uniform pressure and uniform wear assumptions.
Recent Advances in Active Noise Control Inside Automobile Cabins: Toward quieter cars
Venue: IEEE Signal Processing Magazine

In this article, a compact tutorial of ANC techniques was presented with a review of their application in reducing undesired noise inside automobiles. Some of the recent advances have demonstrated significant improvements in the noise reduction levels as well as the cost and implementation complexity. While the aforementioned techniques discussed may individually focus on a particular noise field (e.g. road noise only, engine noise only) it is proven through research and commercial products that a combination of these strategies can deliver significant benefits in realistic conditions.
Dry Dual Clutch Torque Model with Temperature and Slip Speed Effects

Dry dual clutches are widely used in automated manual transmissions. In such systems the clutch engagement maneuvers require a precise knowledge of the characteristics that relate the frictional torque transmitted by the clutches with the corresponding actuators variables. In this paper a temperature and slip speed dependent model of the torque characteristic for dry dual clutches is proposed. Dynamic models of the temperature evolution are determined and linked to the characteristics of the mechanical components influencing the torque. The models, whose parameters are tuned with dedicated experiments and realistic data coming from an industrial automotive environment, show the temperature influence on the torque transmitted by the clutch. Real time simulation results, obtained through a detailed software in the loop driveline model, show that, if not compensated, the temperature variation can determine critical degradations of the clutch engagement performances. It is shown how the use of the clutch temperature estimation in the torque transmissibility model allows to compensate for such negative effects. The torque model is also exploited for the realization of a decoupling clutch engagement controller. The corresponding closed loop results show the effectiveness of the proposed compensations for the dependencies of the clutch torque on temperature and slip speed.
Automobile Industry Strategic Alliance Partner Selection: The Application of a Hybrid DEA and Grey Theory Model

Finding the right strategic alliance partner is a critical success factor for many enterprises. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose an effective approach based on grey theory and data envelopment analysis (DEA) for selecting better partners for alliance. This study used grey forecasting to predict future business performances and used DEA for the partner selection of alliances. This research was implemented with realistic public data in four consecutive financial years (2009 2012) of the world's 20 biggest automobile enterprises. Nissan Motor Co. Ltd was set to be the target decision making unit (DMU) The empirical results showed that, among 19 candidate DMUs, Renault (DMU10) and Daimler (DMU11) were the two feasible beneficial alliance partners for Nissan. Although this research is specifically applied to the automobile industry, the proposed method could also be applied to other manufacturing industries.
Review of Serious Games for People with Diabetes

This chapter aims to illuminate the current state of the field of diabetes related serious games. First, it describes the problems and difficulties for young people with type 1 diabetes associated with their adherence to treatment regimens. The chapter also discusses various tendencies in the field of diabetesrelated games that follow the findings of the systematic reviews performed between 2012 and 2014. Based on the reviews, significant gameplay features of games for health are identified. Further, it presents an example of a smartphone based serious game developed for children with type 1 diabetes. Finally, this chapter discusses the distribution channel and platforms for serious games and improvements for the status of the field of games for health.
Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population based studies with 4.4 million participants

One of the global targets for non communicable diseases is to halt, by 2025, the rise in the age standardised adult prevalence of diabetes at its 2010 levels. We aimed to estimate worldwide trends in diabetes, how likely it is for countries to achieve the global target, and how changes in prevalence, together with population growth and ageing, are affecting the number of adults with diabetes.  We pooled data from population based studies that had collected data on diabetes through measurement of its biomarkers. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in diabetes prevalence defined as fasting plasma glucose of 7.0 mmol/L or higher, or history of diagnosis with diabetes, or use of insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs in 200 countries and territories in 21 regions, by sex and from 1980 to 2014. We also calculated the posterior probability of meeting the global diabetes target if post 2000 trends continue.
Impact of Quality Management Systems on Teaching Learning Processes.

Quality management systems are being used more frequently in educational institutions, although their application has generated a certain amount of disagreement among education experts, who have at times questioned their suitability and usefulness for improving schools. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to this discussion by providing additional knowledge on the effects in educational institutions of implementing quality management systems. Specifically, this study investigates teachers' and managers' perception of the impact that quality management systems have on one essential dimension of schools, the teaching learning processes, with impact being understood as sustained medium and long term organisational change.  The responses were analysed and classified into a set of sub dimensions linked to quality management processes in a total of 29 Spanish primary and secondary education schools that have used such systems for at least three years.  The results showed that, according to the respondents, the following sub dimensions were improving as a result of implementing quality management plans: teaching and learning processes, the analysis of student results, tutoring, consideration of attitudes and values and assessment processes. Conversely, quality management systems did not seem to have a clear impact on the teaching methodologies used by teachers or on family involvement in student learning. In fact, the perceived impact in these sub dimensions varied among teachers of public and private schools as well as when comparing different regional autonomous communities.  As the main objective of a school is to guarantee student learning, one of the essential purposes of school quality assurance systems is to perform all the activities aimed at ensuring high levels of student performance.
Evaluation of the impact of quality management systems on school climate

Implementation of quality management systems in educational institutions has gradually increased over the last few decades, even though there are still questions about the actual usefulness of these systems for improving school processes and outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to take an in depth look at the impact, understood as sustainable medium and long term changes in the organisation, which implementation of quality management systems has on schools. Specifically, it analyses the effect these systems have on an essential dimension for school efficiency, which is school climate, as well as on satisfaction of the members of the education community.  To achieve this, the authors conducted an evaluation of the impact of quality management systems on a total of 29 Spanish primary and secondary education schools. This study is part of non experimental research, since it is not possible to manipulate variables or randomly assign participants or treatment (Kerlinge.
Identification of barriers to improving quality management systems

The purpose of this paper is to report the results of a survey on quality management systems (QMS) related problems faced by management representatives.  The survey was carried out on certified organisations by means of a self administrated questionnaire. A total of 97 organisations participated in the study.  It was found that the majority of management representatives believe themselves to be well aware of the weaknesses in their respective organisations and of the underlying causes. They also maintain that they know how to overcome them. They perceive insufficient involvement on the part of managers and staff and limited resources as being far more crucial problems.  The sample only covers 97 organisations, so including more entities would be strongly recommended in any future research. This would enable grouping by general characteristics, such as businesses and public administration, for instance, and allow a comparat.
Information quality in design process documentation of quality management systems
Venue: Int. J. Inf. Manag.

Information attributes for evaluating quality of process information have been established.A methodology of evaluating quality of process information is proposed.When designing the process documents, the information requirements of the process executor need to be taken into consideration.There exists a relation between attributes of process information and the type of process realized. Information is the main constituent of documents that make up a quality management system. The main function of information found in process documents is to provide knowledge regarding how to executing a process and to standardize this process by providing a specific path of execution. However, it is not easy to determine a standard level of quality of process information optimal from the viewpoint of the owner and the process executor. Since there is no universal standard that would allow evaluation of the quality of process information, the purpose of the presented studies was to solve the aforementioned problems and to provide practical solutions for document makers to design proper process descriptions. To achieve the main purpose, a methodology for examination of influence characteristics of processes on information requirements of users of process documents was created. The paper presents findings carried out in processes at enterprises and is aimed at finding relation between attributes describing information and characteristics of processes. The paper proposes a set of guidelines developed by the authors for selection of appropriate document characteristics. These guidelines are based on findings collected from the conducted research.
Design and Development of Optimal Control System for Quad Copter UAV

Design and development of an optimal control system for a quadcopter unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)  The 6DOF quad copter state space models was used for Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) simulations in MATLAB/Simulink. The simulations produced satisfactory results, which have been presented.  A comparison between Low Pass Filter (LPF) and Kalman filter is also shown which shows that LQR is useless in presence of noise hence LQG was employed in such a situation.  The optimal control system for quadcopter was successfully developed, which can be practically implemented on an actual quadcopter for stable unmanned flight of the aerial vehicle.
Multiphysics Coupled Modeling: Simulation of the Hydraulic Operating Mechanism for a SF6 High Voltage Circuit Breaker
Venue: IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics

The paper describes a novel method for modeling the high voltage circuit breaker (HVCB) with the hydraulic operating mechanism (OM) by mainly using lumped models. It incorporates electrical, magnetic, dynamic motion, fluid, mechanical, pneumatic, and thermal model into a multiphysics coupled model. The aim of this study is to build a design model of an HVCB for studying the hydraulic OM. Simulation and experimental validations are implemented in a 550 kv HVCB. It proves that the coupled model can be applied to capture their dynamics with satisfying accuracy. This paper describes the main potentials of the coupled mode including quantifying important features and optimizing multiple objectives associated with the optimization tool. By including their coupling properties, the model is able to accurately predict and optimize the dynamic characteristics of the hydraulic OM.
Determinants of Youth Unemployment; Evidence from Ethiopia

Youth employment presents a particular challenge to Ethiopia; the country faces growing youth landlessness in rural areas and insignificant rural job creation, potentially leading to an increase in migration to urban areas.  The main objective of this study is so to identify and describe the determinants of youth unemployment in Ethiopia.  The sampling technique employed was multistage stratified cluster sampling.  The study is made based on the 2011 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) which was conducted by Central Statistical Agency (CSA) of Ethiopia. The analyses result revealed that about 10.4% of the youth are unemployed while 89.6% are employed. The regional variations, access to electric power, age, gender, access to market information, economic status of their families and youthaEUR(tm)s educational level are found to be the significant determinants of youth unemployment in Ethiopia.  The government should facilitate formalization of informal employment sector in order to motivate more youth to engage in different activities which are currently considered to be informal. This will help to reduce the problem of youth unemployment especially on skilled and educated youth in both urban and rural areas.
STUDENT'S SOFT SKILL ACQUISITION IN AN OUTDOOR ADVENTURE EDUCATION EVENT OVER TWO YEARS OF PARTICIPATION

These skills are also much needed to ensure employability. An outdoor adventure activity was developed and implemented by lecturers in order to bridge this gap between university and the industry in order to hone the transferable skills of students studying sport and recreation. Data were collected over two years. Two hundred students participated in the research study with a mean age of 22+ 4 years. Data were collected qualitatively and analysed and subsequently numerically coded to ensure statistical analyses. Analyses indicated no statistical differences between skills learned in the first and second year. Students were then divided into first time and second time participants and statistical differences were found. The second time participants reported mostly on leadership skills learned and first time participants on teamwork. Implementing an outdoor Adventure Education event was effective in developing skills in students much needed for success in higher education as well as becoming well rounded individuals whom possess all the qualities for rewarding employment
Breast segmentation in MRI using Poisson surface reconstruction initialized with random forest edge detection
Venue: SPIE Medical Imaging

Segmentation of breast tissue in MRI images is an important pre processing step for many applications. We present a new method that uses a random forest classifier to identify candidate edges in the image and then applies a Poisson reconstruction step to define a 3D surface based on the detected edge points. Using a leave one patient out cross validation we achieve a Dice overlap score of 0.96 0.02 for T1 weighted non fat suppressed images in 8 patients. In a second dataset of 332 images acquired using a Dixon sequence, which was not used in training the random classifier, the mean Dice score was 0.90 0.03. Using this approach we have achieved accurate, robust segmentation results using a very small training set.
Alta Scuola Politecnica: Innovation, Multi disciplinarity and Passion

Alta Scuola Politecnica (www.asp poli.it, (ASP 2009) was founded in 2004 by the Politecnico di Milano and Politecnico di Torino. It annually selects 150 talented students solely on the basis of merit, from among the applicants to the Master of Science in Engineering, Architecture and Design at the two universities. The resulting community is made up of very motivated and qualified students with a passion for innovation. These students follow an additional track, completely in English, based on ad hoc courses and the development of multidisciplinary projects; the ASP program administrates 30 credits (CFU) to be achieved in parallel to the regular 120 credits of the Master program, 15 from courses and 15 from projects; thus, it consists of an addition to the Master program of about one fourth of its total workload. The mission of ASP is to provide society with high profile graduates combining in depth disciplinary knowledge with interdisciplinary, horizontal skills that are needed to work in a truly multidisciplinary environment.
Review: Approaches to the Viral Extraction, Detection, and Identification of Hepatitis Viruses, HAV and HEV, in Foods.
Venue: Journal of AOAC International

Although the incidence rate of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection has been on the decline in developed countries, in part due to immunization availability, high profile outbreaks continue to be reported. Hepatitis E virus has been recognized as an emerging pathogen in industrialized countries. While associated with waterborne illnesses, particularly in undeveloped countries, several animal species have been identified as reservoirs for the virus. Consequently, the potential of zoonotic transmission exists as a function of the consumption of infected animals. In this review we provide a comparative overview of these two virus species with regard to their known virus properties, discuss extraction methodologies, and describe some basic principles and methodology applied toward the isolation of these viruses (as particles or their isolated genomes) from food commodities. We also discuss the challenges that remain as experimental hurdles to extraction of such viruses from food. As HAV has been the most extensively studied with regard to virus detection in foods, it often serves as a model virus for current and future development of sample preparation methodology for foodborne virus detection. Lastly, we discuss the application and role of current and developing technologies in the post extraction detection and identification of these viruses from foods.
Drought and Carbon Cycling of Grassland Ecosystems under Global Change: A Review

In recent years, the increased intensity and duration of droughts have dramatically altered the structure and function of grassland ecosystems, which have been forced to adapt to this change in climate. Combinations of global change drivers such as elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration, warming, nitrogen (N) deposition, grazing, and land use change have influenced the impact that droughts have on grassland C cycling. This influence, to some extent, can modify the relationship between droughts and grassland carbon (C) cycling in the multi factor world. Unfortunately, prior reviews have been primarily anecdotal from the 1930s to the 2010s. We investigated the current state of the study on the interactive impacts of multiple factors under drought scenarios in grassland C cycling and provided scientific advice for dealing with droughts and managing grassland C cycling in a multi factor world. Currently, adequate information is not available on the interaction between droughts and global change drivers, which would advance our understanding of grassland C cycling responses. It was determined that future experiments and models should specifically test how droughts regulate grassland C cycling under global changes. Previous multi factor experiments of current and future global change conditions have studied various drought scenarios poorly, including changes in precipitation frequency and amplitude, timing, and interactions with other global change drivers. Multi factor experiments have contributed to quantifying these potential changes and have provided important information on how water affects ecosystem processes under global change. There is an urgent need to establish a systematic framework that can assess ecosystem dynamic responses to droughts under current and future global change and human activity, with a focus on the combined effects of droughts, global change drivers, and the corresponding hierarchical responses of an ecosystem.
Pengaruh Employee Engagement terhadap Kepuasan Kerja dan Turnover Intention Perawat (Studi pada Rumah Sakit Wava Husada Kepanjen Malang)

Human resources is essential to prevent turnover intention of hospital nurses. Nurses engagement is expected to produce nurses satisfaction and finally lower turnover intention. This study aims to examine the effect of employee engagement on job satisfaction and turnover intention of nurses at Wava Husada Hospital Kepanjen Malang. The research was a cross sectional research. Sample of the study were 102 nurses who work at inpatient and outpatient unit of Wava Husada Hospital. Questionnaire with 5 point Likert scale was used to measure employee engagement, job satisfaction, turnover intention. Path analysis was used to test the direct and indirect direct effect of the variables. The results showed that employee engagement has direct effect on job satisfaction and turnover intention. On the other hand, job satisfaction has direct effect on turnover intention of nurses in hospitals Wava Husada Kepanjen. The results also indicate that there was an indirect effect of employee engagement on turnover intention through job satisfaction