nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Faster Kernels for Graphs with Continuous Attributes via Hashing
Venue: 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM)

While state of the art kernels for graphs with discrete labels scale well to graphs with thousands of nodes, the few existing kernels for graphs with continuous attributes, unfortunately, do not scale well. To overcome this limitation, we present hash graph kernels, a general framework to derive kernels for graphs with continuous attributes from discrete ones. The idea is to iteratively turn continuous attributes into discrete labels using randomized hash functions. We illustrate hash graph kernels for the Weisfeiler Lehman subtree kernel and for the shortest path kernel. The resultingnovel graph kernels are shown to be, both, able to handle graphs with continuous attributes and scalable to large graphs and data sets. This is supported by our theoretical analysis and demonstrated by an extensive experimental evaluation.
Ordered Decompositional DAG kernels enhancements
Venue: Neurocomputing

In this paper, we show how the Ordered Decomposition DAGs (ODD) kernel framework, a framework that allows the definition of graph kernels from tree kernels, allows to easily define new state of the art graph kernels. Here we consider a fast graph kernel based on the Subtree kernel (ST) and we propose various enhancements to increase its expressiveness. The proposed DAG kernel has the same worst case complexity as the one based on ST, but an improved expressivity due to an augmented set of features. Moreover, we propose a novel weighting scheme for the features, which can be applied to other kernels of the ODD framework. These improvements allow the proposed kernels to improve on the classification performances of the ST based kernel for several real world datasets, reaching state of the art performances.
Analysis and impact of cyber threats on online social networks
Venue: 2016 3rd International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)

Cyber threat is defined as any unauthorized access either to the system or the network. In the recent years, usage of online social network (OSN) has increased to a large extent. People use OSN as their virtual meeting places by which they can share information with others having similar interest. As usage of OSN increased, chances of threats while using such OSN has also increased. If users of OSN do not take proper care about what to post, they can be victimized by cyber threats which may cause harm in terms of social, economic or even at psychological levels. In this survey, analysis of some of the popular cyber threats are mentioned along with their impact in OSN are highlighted. Few possible solutions to deal with them which may help OSN users are also consolidated.
Tritium Migration to the Surfaces of Type 316 Stainless Steel; Aluminum 6061; and Oxygen Free, High Conductivity Copper

The migration of tritium to the surfaces of Aluminum 6061; oxygen free, high conductivity copper; and Type 316 stainless steel from the bulk metal was studied using low pressure Tonks Langmuir argon plasma. The plasma is shown to be effective at removing tritium from metal surfaces in a controlled manner. Tritium is removed in decreasing quantities with successive plasma exposures, which suggests a depletion of the surface and near surface tritium inventories. A diffusion model was developed to predict tritium migration from the bulk and its accumulation in the water layers present on the metal surface. The model reproduces the rate of tritium regrowth on the surface for all three metals and can be used to calculate the triton solubility in the water layers present on metal surfaces. The ratio of surface to bulk solubilities at the water layer bulk metal interface uniquely determines the concentration ratio between these two media. Removing the tritium rich water layers induces tritium to migrate from the bulk to the surface. This process is driven by a concentration gradient that develops in the bulk because of the perturbation on the surface.
Compact Filtering Power Divider Based on Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide

In this paper, a compact filtering power divider (PD) based on half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) is presented. The proposed structure is realized by etching slots on the top layer of the HMSIW PD. Accordingly, two resonators are embedded in each patch, as a second order filter. The slots dimensions are obtained by the relationship between them and the extracted external quality factor and coupling coefficient. A good agreement between the simulated and measured results is reported. The measured 3 dB fractional bandwidth is 25% (6.3 8.1 GHz) The maximum insertion loss is 0.9 dB, and the return loss is above 20 dB in the passband. This design has the advantages of low insertion loss, improved out of band rejection, compact size, controllable bandwidth, and high selectivity.
Compact power divider based on half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) with arbitrary power dividing ratio
Venue: International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies

Design and realisation of a compact power divider based on half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) with an arbitrary power dividing ratio is presented. This design consists of a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) transition, two bisected HMSIW transitions by a gap, an SIW to microstrip transition, and two microstrip feed lines. In addition, a resistor is attached between two HMSIW transitions. To adjust the power division ratio, four parameters are introduced. Furthermore, four graphs are plotted using a three dimensional electronmagnetic (3D EM) simulator to graphically determine the introduced parameters. In this study, three circuits with power division ratios of 1:1, 1:4, and 1:8 are simulated using the 3D EM simulator and fabricated on a Rogers RO4003C substrate. The results show a good agreement between the simulated and measured results. The measured results display these circuits (1:1, 1:4, and 1:8) have the bandwidths of 70, 36, and 40% respectively. Moreover, the proposed structures (1:1, 1:4, and 1:8) are compact and their overall sizes are $1.13 \times 1.04\lambda _g^2 $0.96 \times 0.91\lambda _g^2 and $0.81 \times 0.78\lambda _g^2 respectively. These structures have the advantages of the compactness in size, wide bandwidth, high power division ratio (from 1:1 to 1:16) and compatibility with planar circuits.
(18)F]Fluorobenzoyllysinepentanedioic Acid Carbamates: New Scaffolds for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging of Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)
Venue: Journal of medicinal chemistry

Radiolabeled urea based low molecular weight inhibitors of the prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) are under intense investigation as imaging and therapeutic agents for prostate and other cancers. In an effort to provide agents with less nontarget organ uptake than the ureas, we synthesized four (18)F labeled inhibitors of PSMA based on carbamate scaffolds. 4 Bromo 2 (18)F]fluorobenzoyllysineoxypentanedioic acid (OPA) carbamate (18)F]23 and 4 iodo 2 (18)F]fluorobenzoyllysine OPA carbamate (18)F]24 in particular exhibited high target selective uptake in PSMA+ PC3 PIP tumor xenografts, with tumor to kidney ratios of >1 by 4 h postinjection, an important benchmark. Because of its high tumor uptake (90% injected dose per gram of tissue at 2 h postinjection) and high tumor to organ ratios, (18)F]23 is promising for clinical translation. Prolonged tumor specific uptake demonstrated by (18)F]24, which did not reach equilibrium during the 4 h study period, suggests carbamates as alternative scaffolds for mitigating dose to nontarget tissues.
An industry case study: a mobile based business strategy to improve the customer care service in a major retail company

Customer service is a key factor that influences customer loyalty and overall satisfaction during the buying experience. With the growth of ecommerce, many companies have detect several issues in the performance of their customer service departments. Customer dissatisfaction may represent significant losses in sales and reputation. In this context, this report describes a success experience in the industry of retail, in which a mobile based solution was applied to improve the customer service performance and reduce overall costs of one of the major retailers of the US. We present preliminary results indicating the potential benefits of our solution to the company. Keyword: retail, e commerce, mobile, customer service, PBX.
Low Quality Video Face Recognition with Deep Networks and Polygonal Chain Distance
Venue: 2016 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA)

Face recognition under surveillance circumstances still poses a significant problem due to low data quality. Nevertheless, automatic analysis is highly desired for criminal investigations due to the growing amount of security cameras worldwide. We suggest a face recognition system addressing the typical issues such as motion blur, noise or compression artifacts to improve low quality recognition rates. A low resolution adapted residual neural net serves as face image descriptor. It is trained by quality adjusted public training data generated by data augmentation strategies such as motion blurring or adding compression artifacts. To further reduce noise effects, a noise resistant manifold based face track descriptor using a polygonal chain is proposed. This leads to a performance improvement on in the wild surveillance data compared to conventional local feature approaches or the state of the art high resolution VGG Face network.
Ever Failed, Try Again, Succeed Better: Results from a Randomized Educational Intervention on Grit

We show that grit, a non cognitive skill that has been shown to be highly predictive of achievement, is malleable in the childhood period and can be fostered in the classroom environment. Our evidence comes from an evaluation of a randomized educational intervention implemented in elementary schools in Istanbul. Outcomes are measured via a novel incentivized real effort task and actual school grades on core subjects. We find that treated students are 1) more likely to choose to undertake a more challenging and more rewarding task against an easier but less rewarding alternative, 2) less likely to give up after failure, 3) more likely to exert effort to accumulate task specific ability, and consequently, 4) more likely to succeed and collect higher payoffs. The intervention also has a significant impact on school grades: We find that treated students are about 3 percentage points more likely to receive top grades in core academic subjects.
Tablet use in schools: a critical review of the evidence for learning outcomes
Venue: J. Comput. Assist. Learn.

The increased popularity of tablets in general has led to uptake in education. We critically review the literature reporting use of tablets by primary and secondary school children across the curriculum, with a particular emphasis on learning outcomes. The systematic review methodology was used, and our literature search resulted in 33 relevant studies meeting the inclusion criteria. A total of 23 met the minimum quality criteria and were examined in detail 16 reporting positive learning outcomes, 5 no difference and 2 negative learning outcomes. Explanations underlying these observations were analysed, and factors contributing to successful uses of tablets are discussed. While we hypothesize how tablets can viably support children in completing a variety of learning tasks across a range of contexts and academic subjects, the fragmented nature of the current knowledge base, and the scarcity of rigorous studies, makes it difficult to draw firm conclusions. The generalizability of evidence is limited, and detailed explanations as to how, or why, using tablets within certain activities can improve learning remain elusive. We recommend that future research moves beyond exploration towards systematic and in depth investigations building on the existing findings documented here.
The effect of the video game Quizlet on the acquisition of science vocabulary for children with learning disabilities

.v List of Figures .ix List of Tables .x Chapter 1: Introduction .1 Statement of the Problem .1  Chapter 2: Review of the Literature .7 Teaching Vocabulary to Students with Learning Disabilities .7 Video Game Technology in Education 10 Video Games as Assessments .13 The Benefits of Video Games .14 Video Games as an Intervention .16  School .18 Classroom .18 Participants .19 Participant 1 .19 Participant 2 .20
The Use of Technology to Support Vocabulary Development of English Language Learners

This study asks the question: how can the use of an iPad application be used to support English language learners vocabulary development? Technology can be used as an engaging, supplementary tool to foster vocabulary learning for ELLs. Research was conducted in Clark, New York (pseudonym) with a group of five ELL students and focused on vocabulary development; three students completed teacher made worksheets and two students completed iPad activities. Three themes were found when conducting research: explicit instruction compared to the iPad, the use of visual and audio components to increase vocabulary knowledge, and differences in engagement and behavior. These findings call for teachers to create learning environments that focus on oral language skills to develop vocabulary and incorporate technological tools. Document Type Thesis Degree Name MS in Literacy Education Department Education Subject Categories Education This thesis is available at Fisher Digital Publications: http:/fisherpub.sjfc.edu/education_ETD_masters/238 The Use of Technology to Support Vocabulary Development of English Language Learners
The determinants of Italy's corporate tax rates: an empirical investigation

This paper examines the determinants of the effective corporate tax rates in Italy in the years 1998 2006. While from its inception in the early 1970s, the Italian business income tax regime changed only marginally for over twenty years, in the period between 1998 and 2006, the corporate tax system underwent two major reforms with the declared objective of simplifying the system and reducing the tax burden on firms. Therefore, from a tax policy perspective, the author believes Italy is an interesting case study. The empirical analysis is based on a strongly balanced panel with 5,134 companies that combine company accounts and firm survey data. The author employs a fixed effects panel regression to study the role of size, the debt ratio, the rate of profitability, labor productivity, the assets composition, and internationalization in explaining heterogeneity among firms and, therefore, their effective corporate tax rate. Furthermore, the author employs a quantile regression to analyze the impact of the variation in the effect of independent variables on the effective corporate tax rate at different quantiles of the distribution, thus, providing information on the degree of heterogeneity in firm behavior with the final aim of capturing non linear effects of the independent variables on the tax rate.
Impacts of Federal Tax Credit Extensions on Renewable Deployment and Power Sector Emissions

Federal tax credits for renewable energy (RE) have served as one of the primary financial incentives for RE deployment over the last two decades in the United States. In December 2015, the wind power production tax credit and solar investment tax credits were extended for five years as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2016. This report explores the impact that these tax credit extensions might have on future RE capacity deployment and power sector carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The analysis examines the impacts of the tax credit extensions under two distinct natural gas price futures as natural gas prices have been key factors in influencing the economic competitiveness of new RE development. The analysis finds that, in both natural gas price futures, RE tax credit extensions can spur RE capacity investments at least through the early 2020s and can help lower emissions from the U.S. electricity system. More specifically, the RE tax credit extensions are estimated to drive a net peak increase of 48 53 GW in installed RE capacity in the early 2020s longer term impacts are less certain. In the longer term after the tax credits ramp down, greater RE capacity is driven by a combinationmore of assumed RE cost declines, rising fossil fuel prices, and other clean energy policies such as the Clean Power Plan. The tax credit extension driven acceleration in RE capacity development can reduce fossil fuel based generation and lower electric sector CO2 emissions. Cumulative emissions reductions over a 15 year period (spanning 2016 2030) as a result of the tax credit extensions are estimated to range from 540 to 1420 million metric tonnes CO2. These findings suggest that tax credit extensions can have a measurable impact on future RE deployment and electric sector CO2 emissions under a range of natural gas price futures.
Sugar tax in the UK.
Venue: The Lancet. Oncology

May 2016 e182 UK Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne, made a surprise announcement during last week's budget. From 2018, drinks in which the sugar content exceeds 8 grams per 100 millilitres will be liable to a levy, equivalent to 24 pence per litre. As things stand, this will aff ect the regular versions of Coca Cola, Pepsi Cola, and Red Bull. Drinks with a sugar content of 5 8 grams per 100 millilitres will be taxed at the equivalent of 18 pence per litre. Fruit juices and milk based drinks will be exempt (although some of these contain far more sugar than a typical soft drink) The Government expects the tax to raise PS520 million in the fi rst year, money which will be spent on school sports to encourage healthier behaviour. The focus on fizzy drinks may be driven by expediency these are highly visible items which provide no nutritional benefit. A tax on confectionery or processed food would be tricky to formulate. Besides, the main target is British children and teenagers, around one third of whom are overweight or obese. According to some estimates, every day the average 11 18 year old in the UK consumes roughly three times their recommended quantity of sugar. Soft drinks appear to be this group's single largest source of sugar. "Overweight and obese children are more likely to be overweight and obese adults, and that increases your risk of up to ten different cancers" said Chit Selvarajah of Cancer Research UK, London, UK. A report commissioned by the organisation suggested that if current trends continue, the UK will face some 670 000 new cases of cancer caused by obesity over the next 20 years. "It is brilliant to see bold action from the Government on this issue it is a really important first step in terms of addressing childhood obesity" Selvarajah told The Lancet Oncology. S imon Capewel l f rom the Faculty of Public Health, (London, UK) expressed qualms over the structure of the levy. "Industry will work very hard to reduce sugar content to 1% less than the cut off point" he explained. "A tax graded gram by gram would exert steady pressure on them to reduce the sugar content down towards zero" But he welcomed the measure. "The Government has stated very publicly that they have looked at the evidence of harm from sugar and been persuaded, and it is extremely symbolic, important, and powerful that they have put the levy on drinks manufacturers" Capewell concluded.
On monitoring of linear profiles using Bayesian methods
Venue: Comput. Ind. Eng.

Bayesian methods show superiority in performance over classical methods.Conjugate priors are better than non conjugate priors.Change of scale improves the performance of control charts for errors variance.Proposed scheme is efficient to detect small shifts.Proposed scheme is also superior to Roberts (1966) scheme. In many industrial applications, the quality of a process or product is distinctly illustrated by a linear profile. Mostly, a linear profile is shaped or modeled through the usage of linear regression model. Classical and Bayesian set ups are two possible ways of defining the design structure of a linear profile. This study proposes a fresh Bayesian approach by using different priors for monitoring the linear profiles of processes. In this research we constructed three novel univariate Bayesian EWMA control charts for the Y intercepts, the slopes and the errors variance under phase II methods by using non conjugate and conjugate priors. These control charts are used to monitor the Y intercepts, the slope coefficients and increase in process standard deviations, respectively. This study confirmed that the Bayesian methods distinguish sustainable shifts in the process parameters superior than the competing methods. Moreover, the Bayesian control charting structures with conjugate priors provide better performance for monitoring the Y intercepts and slopes than the one of non conjugate priors, while both priors perform almost equivalently in case of errors variance. The individual and overall performance of control charts are evaluated by using (i.e. ARL, SDRL, and MDRL) and (i.e. EQL, RARL, and PCI) respectively. The practical example is considered as an illustration to justify the supremacy of proposed approach and recommendations are given for future perspective.
Fatigue behavior of corroded prestressed concrete beams

This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the fatigue behavior of pretensioned partially prestressed concrete beams with corroded prestressing wires or rebars. A three dimensional laser scanning technique was employed to obtain the geometric models of corroded prestressing wires or rebars. It was observed that fatigue cracks initiated and propagated rapidly around corrosion pits under cyclic loading. The cyclic loading led to fatigue fracturing of the prestressing wires (rebars) at the minimum cross section where the corrosion pits had formed. With the increased corrosion of the prestressing wires, the sooner fracture of the first wire and the shorter interval between the failures of the two wires in the test beam were found, resulting in a shorter fatigue life of the beam. A higher partially prestressed ratio or load range brought a larger stress level, stress range, and thus a shorter fatigue life of corroded beams. Compared with the uncorroded beam, it was also found that the corroded beams exhibited a faster stiffness degradation and development of deflections and crack widths under cyclic loading.
Crude oil and world stock markets: volatility spillovers, dynamic correlations, and hedging

In this paper, we investigate volatility spillovers and dynamic correlations between crude oil and stock markets using GARCH class models. We focus on the dynamic relationships of seven major oil exporting countries and nine oil importing countries. Our main findings based on in sample and out of sample evidence suggest that the volatility spillovers and dynamic correlations between global crude oil market and a country's stock market depend on the net position of oil imports and exports of this country in the world market. In addition, crude oil risk can be better hedged by investing in stocks of oil exporting countries than in those of oil importing countries.