nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Is the Consumption of Energy Drinks Associated With Academic Achievement Among College Students?
Venue: The Journal of Primary Prevention

Despite widely reported side effects, use of energy drinks has increased among college students, who report that they consume energy drinks to help them complete schoolwork. However, little is known about the association between energy drink use and academic performance. We explored the relationship between energy drink consumption and current academic grade point average (GPA) among first year undergraduate students. Participants included 844 first year undergraduates (58.1 female; 50.7 White) Students reported their health behaviors via an online survey. We measured energy drink consumption with two measures: past month consumption by number of drinks usually consumed in 1 month and number consumed during the last occasion of consumption. We used multiple linear regression modeling with energy drink consumption and current GPA, controlling for gender, race, weekend and weekday sleep duration, perceived stress, perceived stress management, media use, and past month alcohol use. We found that past month energy drink consumption quantity by frequency (p 0.001) and energy drinks consumed during the last occasion (p 0.001) were associated with a lower GPA. Energy drinks consumed during the last occasion of consumption (p 0.01) remained significantly associated with a lower GPA when controlling for alcohol use. While students report using energy drinks for school related reasons, our findings suggest that greater energy drink consumption is associated with a lower GPA, even after controlling for potential confounding variables. Longitudinal research is needed that addresses whether GPA declines after continued use of energy drinks or if students struggling academically turn to energy drinks to manage their schoolwork.
Audit committee internal audit interaction and moral courage

This paper aims to offer empirical evidence about the effect of the interaction between the audit committee and the internal audit function (IAF) on the moral courage of the chief audit executive (CAE)  A mixed approach was followed. In the first stage, questionnaires were sent to CAEs of 60 listed, financial and non financial Tunisian companies. To enhance the depth of the analysis, in the second stage, semi directed interviews with 22 CAEs from listed financial and non financial Tunisian companies were performed.  This paper found that the existence of private access to the audit committee has a positive effect on the moral courage of the CAE. The number of meetings between the audit committee and the CAE, the examination of internal audit programmes and results together with the contribution of the audit committee to the appointment and dismissal of the CAE do not show a significant link with the moral courage of the CAE. It also found an insignificant relationship between the audit committee's examination of interaction between management and the IAF and the moral courage of the CAE.  To the best of the authors' knowledge, this paper fills one of the major research gaps in the auditing literature by demonstrating the critical role of audit committee internal audit interaction in promoting the CAE's moral courage to behave ethically.
Formar e questionar? Os cursos de especializacao em patrimonio cultural na decada de 1970

The purpose of this article is to discuss the graduate courses on heritage that were offered in the 1970s as a result of the educational and cultural policies of the Ministry of Education and Culture of Brazil. In 1974, 1976 and 1978, three different courses were offered in the states of Sao Paulo, Pernambuco and Minas Gerais, respectively. These courses were created by request from the Ministry of Education and Culture and the Institute of National Historic and Artistic Heritage (Iphan) at the Governors' Meetings of 1970 and 1971. Demand for specialized professionals increased, motivated by the Program of Historic Cities (PCH) and Iphan along with Universities became responsible for providing support for these studies. In the 1970s, a perceived shortage of professionals specialized in cultural heritage at various levels justified offering the courses, which were an important forum for discussions on preservation practice and theory. By gathering teachers and students with different backgrounds and experiences, the courses (consisting of lectures, activities, field trips and final projects presented to a board of examiners) provided the specialists with a space to dialogue on the different preservation practices of the time.
A mulher e a Pre Historia: alguns apontamentos para questionar a tradicao e a traducao da mulher mae e mulher deusa na Arqueologia pre historica

EnglishThe traditional construction of narratives about recent Prehistory is founded on a set of preconceptions taken as natural by the patriarchal order of the western world. Is it possible to translate objects into activities, and associate each activity with a specific sex? After decades of feminist critic and gender studies, can Portuguese archaeology continue to perpetuate androcentric discourses? How can women be rescued from silence and from the margins of past discourses without falling to the temptation of reproducing the stereotypical image of women in the past (as mother and goddess) and how can a past that talks about human beings (instead of males and females) be constructed? portuguesA construcao dos discursos explicativos acerca da Pre historia Recente pela Arqueologia tradicional assenta num conjunto de preconceitos dados como naturais (naturalizados) pela ordem patriarcal do mundo ocidental. Importa perguntar: sera possivel traduzir objetos em atividades e associar cada atividade a um sexo? Apos decadas de critica feminista e estudos de genero, podera a Arqueologia portuguesa continuar a perpetuar discursos de matriz androcentrica? Como resgatar a mulher ao silencio e as margens do discurso mas sem cair na tentacao de reproduzir a sua imagem estereotipada (como mae e deusa) no passado? Como construir um passado que fale de seres humanos?
Link Prediction in Criminal Networks: A Tool for Criminal Intelligence Analysis
Venue: PloS one

The problem of link prediction has recently received increasing attention from scholars in network science. In social network analysis, one of its aims is to recover missing links, namely connections among actors which are likely to exist but have not been reported because data are incomplete or subject to various types of uncertainty. In the field of criminal investigations, problems of incomplete information are encountered almost by definition, given the obvious anti detection strategies set up by criminals and the limited investigative resources. In this paper, we work on a specific dataset obtained from a real investigation, and we propose a strategy to identify missing links in a criminal network on the basis of the topological analysis of the links classified as marginal, i.e. removed during the investigation procedure. The main assumption is that missing links should have opposite features with respect to marginal ones. Measures of node similarity turn out to provide the best characterization in this sense. The inspection of the judicial source documents confirms that the predicted links, in most instances, do relate actors with large likelihood of co participation in illicit activities.
The Teen Years Explained A Guide To Healthy Adolescent Development

The Teen Years Explained: A Guide to Healthy Adolescent Development describes the normal physical, cognitive, emotional and social, sexual, identity formation, and spiritual changes that happen during adolescence and how adults can promote healthy development. Understanding these changes developmentally, what is happening and why can help both adults and teens enjoy the second decade of life. The Guide is an essential resource for all people who work with young people.
The Design of Wireless Communication Function of Traction Substation Electrical Signal Monitoring Device

In this paper, according to the characteristics of the electrified railway electrical signal, wireless communication functions of signal acquisition system was designed. Acquisition system through two levels of transformer to realize signal conversion, finished signal filtering by using fourth order filter; Acquisition control circuit adopted double CPU structure, ADSP to perform high speed data acquisition, signal processing and analysis, signal compression and encryption, M C 551 was used to control the man machine interface and wireless communication interface, between the two CPU communication through dual port RAM to implement; Based on GSM technology and design of the wireless communication circuit.
Studying illicit drug trafficking on Darknet markets: Structure and organisation from a Canadian perspective.
Venue: Forensic science international

Cryptomarkets are online marketplaces that are part of the Dark Web and mainly devoted to the sale of illicit drugs. They combine tools to ensure anonymity of participants with the delivery of products by mail to enable the development of illicit drug trafficking. Using data collected on eight cryptomarkets, this study provides an overview of the Canadian illicit drug market. It seeks to inform about the most prevalent illicit drugs vendors offer for sale and preferred destination countries. Moreover, the research gives an insight into the structure and organisation of distribution networks existing online. In particular, we provide information about how vendors are diversifying and replicating across marketplaces. We inform on the number of listings each vendor manages, the number of cryptomarkets they are active on and the products they offer. This research demonstrates the importance of online marketplaces in the context of illicit drug trafficking. It shows how the analysis of data available online may elicit knowledge on criminal activities. Such knowledge is mandatory to design efficient policy for monitoring or repressive purposes against anonymous marketplaces. Nevertheless, trafficking on Dark Net markets is difficult to analyse based only on digital data. A more holistic approach for investigating this crime problem should be developed. This should rely on a combined use and interpretation of digital and physical data within a single collaborative intelligence model.
Neurobiology of addiction: a neurocircuitry analysis.
Venue: The lancet. Psychiatry

Drug addiction represents a dramatic dysregulation of motivational circuits that is caused by a combination of exaggerated incentive salience and habit formation, reward deficits and stress surfeits, and compromised executive function in three stages. The rewarding effects of drugs of abuse, development of incentive salience, and development of drug seeking habits in the binge/intoxication stage involve changes in dopamine and opioid peptides in the basal ganglia. The increases in negative emotional states and dysphoric and stress like responses in the withdrawal/negative affect stage involve decreases in the function of the dopamine component of the reward system and recruitment of brain stress neurotransmitters, such as corticotropin releasing factor and dynorphin, in the neurocircuitry of the extended amygdala. The craving and deficits in executive function in the so called preoccupation/anticipation stage involve the dysregulation of key afferent projections from the prefrontal cortex and insula, including glutamate, to the basal ganglia and extended amygdala. Molecular genetic studies have identified transduction and transcription factors that act in neurocircuitry associated with the development and maintenance of addiction that might mediate initial vulnerability, maintenance, and relapse associated with addiction.
Mitochondrial coding genome analysis of tropical root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne) supports haplotype based diagnostics and reveals evidence of recent reticulate evolution
Venue: Scientific reports

The polyphagous parthenogenetic root knot nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne are considered to be the most significant nematode pest in sub tropical and tropical agriculture. Despite the crucial need for correct diagnosis, identification of these pathogens remains problematic. The traditionally used diagnostic strategies, including morphometrics, host range tests, biochemical and molecular techniques, now appear to be unreliable due to the recently suggested hybrid origin of root knot nematodes. In order to determine a suitable barcode region for these pathogens nine quickly evolving mitochondrial coding genes were screened. Resulting haplotype networks revealed closely related lineages indicating a recent speciation, an anthropogenic aided distribution through agricultural practices, and evidence for reticulate evolution within M. arenaria. Nonetheless, nucleotide polymorphisms harbor enough variation to distinguish these closely related lineages. Furthermore, completeness of lineage sorting was verified by screening 80 populations from widespread geographical origins and variable hosts. Importantly, our results indicate that mitochondrial haplotypes are strongly linked and consistent with traditional esterase isozyme patterns, suggesting that different parthenogenetic lineages can be reliably identified using mitochondrial haplotypes. The study indicates that the barcode region Nad5 can reliably identify the major lineages of tropical root knot nematodes.
Resistance to root knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp. in woody plants.
Venue: The New phytologist

I. 42 II. 43 III. 44 IV. 47 V. 49 VI. 50 VII. 50 VIII. 50 IX. 52 52  Root knot nematodes (RKNs) Meloidogyne spp. cause major damage to cultivated woody plants. Among them, Prunus, grapevine and coffee are the crops most infested by worldwide polyphagous species and species with a more limited distribution and/or narrower host range. The identification and characterization of natural sources of resistance are important steps to develop RKN control strategies. In woody crops, resistant rootstocks genetically different from the scion of agronomical interest may be engineered. We describe herein the interactions between RKNs and different woody crops, and highlight the plant species in which resistance and corresponding resistance (R) genes have been discovered. Even though grapevine and, to a lesser extent, coffee have a history of rootstock selection for RKN resistance, few cases of resistance have been documented. By contrast, in Prunus, R genes with different spectra have been mapped in plums, peach and almond and can be pyramided for durable resistance in interspecific rootstocks. We particularly discuss here the Ma Toll/interleukin 1 receptor like nucleotide binding leucine rich repeat gene from Myrobalan plum, one of the longest plant R genes cloned to date, due to its unique biological and structural properties. RKN R genes in Prunus will enable us to carry out molecular studies aimed at improving our knowledge of plant immunity in woody plants.
Identification of root knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp. fromgreenhouses in the Middle Black Sea Region of Turkey

in English) Aydinli G, Mennan S (2011) Atypical esterase phenotype from root knot nematodes in vegetable greenhouse in Samsun.  2011, Kahramanmaras, Turkey, p. 236. Aydinli G, Mennan S, Devran Z, Sirca S, Urek G (2013) First report of the root knot nematode Meloidogyne ethiopica on tomato and cucumber in Turkey.  Blok VC, Powers TO (2009) Biochemical and molecular identification.  Perry RN, Moens M, Starr JL, editors. RootKnot Nematodes. 1st ed. Wallingford, UK: CAB International, pp. 98 118. Brito JA, Kaur R, Cetintas R, Stanley JD, Mendes ML, McAvoy EJ, Powers TO, Dickson DW (2008) Identification and isozyme characterization of Meloidogyne spp. infecting horticultural and agronomic crops, and weed plants in Florida.  (2007) Meloidogyne ethiopica, a major root knot nematode parasitising Vitis vinifera and other crops in Chile. Nematology 9: 635 641. Carneiro RMDG, Almeida MRA, Queneherve P (2000) Enzyme phenotypes of Meloidogyne spp. populations. Nematology 2: 645 654. Carneiro RMDG, Carneiro RG, Abrantes IMO, Santos MSNA, Almeida MRA (1996) Meloidogyne paranaensis n. sp. (Nemata: Meloidogynidae) a root knot nematode parasitizing coffee in Brazil.  (2004a) Additional information on Meloidogyne ethiopica Whitehead, 1968 (Tylenchida: Meloidogynidae) a root knot nematode parasiting kiwi fruit and grape vine from Brazil and Chile. Nematology 6: 109 123. Carneiro RMDG, Tigano MS, Randig O, Almeida MRA, Sarah JL (2004b) Identification and genetic diversity of Meloidogyne spp.  and perineal patterns.  2011, Kahramanmaras, Turkey, p. 48. Devran Z, Mutlu N, Ozarslandan A, Elekcioglu IH (2009) Identification and genetic diversity of Meloidogyne chitwoodi in potato production areas of Turkey.  (2009) Distribution and identification of rootknot nematodes from Turkey.  (1994) Plant parasitic nematodes of legumes in Turkey. Nematologia Mediterranea 22: 245 251. Eisenback JD, Hirschmann H, Sasser JN, Triantaphyllou AC (1981) A Guide to the Four Most Common Species of Root Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne species) with a Pictorial Key. Raleigh, NC, USA: North Carolina State University. Elekcioglu IH, Ohnesorge B, Lung G, Uygun N (1994) Plant parasitic nematodes in the Mediterranean region of Turkey. Nematologia Mediterranea 22: 59 63. Esbenshade PR, Triantaphyllou AC (1985) Use of enzyme phenotypes for identification of Meloidogyne species (Nematoda: Tylenchida)  6 20. Fargette M (1987) Use of the esterase phenotype in the taxonomy of the genus Meloidogyne. 2. Esterase phenotypes observed in West African populations and their characterization. Revue de Nematologie 10: 45 56. Garcia LE, Sanchez Puerta MV (2012) Characterization of a rootknot nematode population of Meloidogyne arenaria from Tupungato (Mendoza, Argentina) J Nematol 44: 291 301. Hartman KM, Sasser JN (1985) Identification of Meloidogyne species on the basis of differential host test and perineal pattern morphology.  Raleigh, NC, USA: North Carolina State University, pp. 69 77. Hernandez A, Fargette M, Sarah JL (2004) Characterisation of Meloidogyne spp.
Computational design of iris folding patterns
Venue: Computational Visual Media

Iris folding is an art form consisting of layered strips of paper, forming a spiral pattern behind an aperture, which can be used to make cards and gift tags. This paper describes an interactive computational tool to assist in the design and construction of original iris folding patterns. The design of iris folding patterns is formulated as the calculation of a circumscribed polygonal sequence around a seed polygon. While it is possible to compute the positions of vertices analytically for a regular polygon, it is not straightforward to do so for irregular polygons. We give a numerical method for irregular polygons, which can be applied to arbitrary convex seed polygons. The user can quickly experiment with various patterns using the system prior to constructing the art form.
Dynamic image based visual servoing for unmanned aerial vehicles with bounded inputs
Venue: 2016 IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE)

We present a dynamic image based visual servoing (IBVS) control law for a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a single downwards facing camera. The controller design is based on a dynamic model of the UAV and regulates the vehicle's relative pose to a planar visual target. The proposed approach uses a virtual camera which has zero roll and pitch motion. The IBVS image features are defined in the virtual camera image plane. Since the image feature error is stabilized in the virtual camera, the visual target can leave the real camera's field of view (FoV) To keep the visual target in the camera FoV, the proposed method bounds roll and pitch to sufficiently small prescribed values. A numerical simulation is presented to demonstrate the controller's performance.
Pour un enseignement/ apprentissage contextualise de la grammaire du francais langue etrangere

Sont d'abord quelque peu precises les termes de l'intitule de cet atelier, en particulier pourquoi une barre entre enseignement et apprentissage, pourquoi des guillemets a grammaire et pourquoi n'y est il question que du francais. Trois points sont ensuite abordes. La polysemie actuelle du mot grammaire, ou de ses equivalents dans les autres langues europeennes, que l'on peut reduire a trois sens fondamentaux grammaire interiorisee representations grammaticales et theories grammaticales Les conceptions les plus courantes que l'on se fait de ce qu'est une regle grammaticale une l'assimilant a la loi juridique une autre, a une loi de la nature une troisieme, a un artefact du grammairien. Trois conceptions auxquelles correspondent plus ou moins trois manieres de faire apprendre cette regle, l'une deductive, l'autre inductive, et la troisieme d'ordre constructiviste. Ces quatre parties sont suivies d'une breve conclusion portant sur la culture grammaticale du francais.
A Review of Remote Patient Monitoring System Potentials Challenges and Current Issues

Physiological parameters are often considered as critical information to assess initial health condition and underlying health issues. These signs can contribute towards early detection, early diagnosis and risk reduction of fatal incidents. Today"s advanced monitoring systems incorporate the balanced combination of clinical and technological aspects to give an innovative healthcare outcome. Remote patient monitoring systems are rapidly becoming the core of today"s healthcare deliveries. The paradigm shifted from traditional and manual recording to computer based electronic records and further to smart phones as versatile and innovative healthcare monitoring systems. Moreover, a comprehensive review of related literature in the context of acceptability, mobility, reliability and efficiency of patient monitoring systems in healthcare delivery and handling physiological measurements is presented. The outcome of this study indicates that despite some limitations commented by patients and clinicians, these systems should be more compact and simple to operate and they should be available to healthcare professionals with minimum interruption to normal daily life activities.
Patient Safety: Identifying and Managing Complications of Mechanical Ventilation.
Venue: Critical care nursing clinics of North America

Mechanical ventilation is a fundamental aspect of critical care practice to help meet the respiratory needs of critically ill patients. Complications can occur though, as a direct result of being mechanically ventilated, or indirectly because of a secondary process. Preventing, identifying, and managing these complications significantly contribute to the role and responsibilities of critical care nurses in promoting patient safety. This article reviews common ventilator associated events, including both infectious (eg, ventilator associated pneumonia) and noninfectious causes (eg, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary edema, pleural effusion, and atelectasis)
Evaluating Gaps in Consumer Behavior Research on Organic Foods: A Critical Literature Review under Bangladesh Context

The global demand for organic foods has inspired the academicians and practicing professionals to explore consumer purchase behavior in this sector. The multiple promises that organic foods hold for the future like sustainable food production, food safety, food security, nutrition and reduction of green house gases all might have influenced the recent rise of behavioral research in the organic food sector. Interestingly, Bangladesh has been a producer of organic foods since the early '80s; however, only a handful of studies could be traced that actually studied consumer behavior in this sector. The current paper explored the important roles that organic foods might play in Bangladesh, synthesized findings of past studies under Bangladesh context, and justified probable areas that might be investigated in future. Therefore, plausible gaps were explored in the existing literature pertaining to Bangladesh context and a tentative research agenda for future researchers was proposed.