nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Mental Health in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Youth.
Venue: Annual review of clinical psychology

Today's lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth come out at younger ages, and public support for LGBT issues has dramatically increased, so why do LGBT youth continue to be at high risk for compromised mental health? We provide an overview of the contemporary context for LGBT youth, followed by a review of current science on LGBT youth mental health. Research in the past decade has identified risk and protective factors for mental health, which point to promising directions for prevention, intervention, and treatment. Legal and policy successes have set the stage for advances in programs and practices that may foster LGBT youth mental health. Implications for clinical care are discussed, and important areas for new research and practice are identified.
A lightweight electrotactile feedback device for grasp improvement in immersive virtual environments
Venue: 2016 IEEE Virtual Reality (VR)

An immersive virtual environment is the ideal platform for the planning and training of on orbit servicing missions, as it provides a flexible and safe environment. In such kind of virtual assembly simulation, grasping virtual objects is one of the most common and natural interactions. However, unlike grasping objects in the real world, it is a non trivial task in virtual environments, where the primary feedback is visual only. A lot of research investigated ways to provide haptic feedback, such as force, vibrational and electrotactile feedback. Such devices, however, are usually uncomfortable and hard to integrate in projection based immersive YR systems. In this paper, we present a novel, small and lightweight electro tactile feedback device, specifically designed for immersive virtual environments. It consists of a small tactor with eight electrodes for each finger and a signal generator attached to the user's hand or arm. Our device can be easily integrated with an existing optical finger tracking system. The study presented in this paper assesses the feasibility and usability of the interaction device. An experiment was conducted in a repeated measures design using the electrotactile feedback modality as independent variable. As benchmark, we chose three typical assembly tasks of a YR simulation for satellite on orbit servicing missions, including pressing a button, switching a lever switch, and pulling a module from its slot. Results show that electrotactile feedback improved the user's grasping in our virtual on orbit servicing scenario. The task completion time was significantly lower for all three tasks and the precision of the user's interaction was higher. The workload reported by the participants was significantly lower when using electrotactile feedback. Additionally, users were more confident with their performance while completing the tasks with electrotactile feedback. We describe the device, outline the user study and report the results.
Transcript level expression analysis of RNA seq experiments with HISAT, StringTie and Ballgown
Venue: Nature Protocols

High throughput sequencing of mRNA (RNA seq) has become the standard method for measuring and comparing the levels of gene expression in a wide variety of species and conditions. RNA seq experiments generate very large, complex data sets that demand fast, accurate and flexible software to reduce the raw read data to comprehensible results. HISAT (hierarchical indexing for spliced alignment of transcripts) StringTie and Ballgown are free, open source software tools for comprehensive analysis of RNA seq experiments. Together, they allow scientists to align reads to a genome, assemble transcripts including novel splice variants, compute the abundance of these transcripts in each sample and compare experiments to identify differentially expressed genes and transcripts. This protocol describes all the steps necessary to process a large set of raw sequencing reads and create lists of gene transcripts, expression levels, and differentially expressed genes and transcripts. The protocol's execution time depends on the computing resources, but it typically takes under 45 min of computer time. HISAT, StringTie and Ballgown are available from http:/ccb.jhu.edu/software.shtml.
Real Time PCR Quantification of Chloroplast DNA Supports DNA Barcoding of Plant Species
Venue: Molecular Biotechnology

Species identification from extracted DNA is sometimes needed for botanical samples. DNA quantification is required for an accurate and effective examination. If a quantitative assay provides unreliable estimates, a higher quantity of DNA than the estimated amount may be used in additional analyses to avoid failure to analyze samples from which extracting DNA is difficult. Compared with conventional methods, real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) requires a low amount of DNA and enables quantification of dilute DNA solutions accurately. The aim of this study was to develop a qPCR assay for quantification of chloroplast DNA from taxonomically diverse plant species. An absolute quantification method was developed using primers targeting the ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) gene using SYBR Green I based qPCR. The calibration curve was generated using the PCR amplicon as the template. DNA extracts from representatives of 13 plant families common in Japan. This demonstrates that qPCR analysis is an effective method for quantification of DNA from plant samples. The results of qPCR assist in the decision making will determine the success or failure of DNA analysis, indicating the possibility of optimization of the procedure for downstream reactions.
DNA barcoding of selected UAE medicinal plant species: a comparative assessment of herbarium and fresh samples
Venue: Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants

AbstractIt is commonly difficult to extract and amplify DNA from herbarium samples as they are old and preserved using different compounds. In addition, such samples are subjected to the accumulation of intrinsically produced plant substances over long periods (up to hundreds of years) DNA extraction from desert flora may pause added difficulties as many contain high levels of secondary metabolites. Herbarium samples from the Biology Department (UAE University) plant collection and fresh plant samples, collected from around Al Ain (UAE) were used in this study. The three barcode loci for the coding genes matK, rbcL and rpoC1 were amplified. Our results showed that T. terresteris, H. robustum,T. pentandrus and Z. qatarense were amplified using all three primers for both fresh and herbaium samples. Both fresh and herbarium samples of C. comosum, however, were not amplified at all, using the three primers. Herbarium samples from A. javanica, C. imbricatum, T. aucherana and Z. simplex were not amplified with any of the three primers. For fresh samples 90, 90 and 80% of the samples were amplified using matK, rbcL and rpoC1, respectively. In short, fresh samples were significantly better amplified than those from herbarium sources, using the three primers. Both fresh and herbarium samples from one species (C. comosum) however, were not successfully amplified. It is also concluded that the rbcL regions showed real potentials to distinguish the UAE species under investigation into the appropriate family and genus.
Care provider perspectives on medical travel: A three country study of destination hospitals
Venue: Health marketing quarterly

Despite growing interest in the current and potential role of medical travel in U.S. patient care, very little research has been conducted on clinician and other provider organizations' perspectives on providing international patient care. The present study sought to gain formative insights about medical travel from the providers' perspectives, by conducting structured interviews and focus groups in six hospitals from three countries catering to patients traveling from the United States. Findings highlighted the surprising role of international events and policies in the evolution of medical travel, as well as both the desire and need for more transparent quality standards.
Northern perspectives on medical elective tourism: a qualitative study.
Venue: CMAJ open

The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada recognizes education to be necessary for doctors to provide culturally safe care. Communities in northern Canada have large populations of Aboriginal people and other marginalized groups. Our goal was to identify the elements of appropriate predeparture curricula for these medical trainees.  We conducted our study in Kenora, Ontario. With the help of a core collaborative group and the support of the local Aboriginal Health Access Centre, we interviewed a purposive sample of community members about their interactions with trainees from southern Canada. Aboriginal and non Aboriginal researchers with roots in northern and southern Canada brought perspectives to the inductive analysis.  We conducted 17 semistructured interviews between February and March 2014. Participants felt that southern trainees were inadequately educated in northern politics, society and history. They identified 2 more themes: determinants of health affecting the local Aboriginal population, and provider and patient factors affecting delivery of culturally competent care. Participants also shared ideas on how best to implement this content into curricula.  Providing culturally competent care to northern communities is a complex process requiring education. Using a collaborative method, we were able to delineate the experiences of members of a northern community and identify knowledge gaps of southern trainees travelling there. Our results provide a foundation for the content and structure of formal predeparture curricula to enable such trainees to provide culturally safe care.
Code obfuscation against symbolic execution attacks
Venue: ACSAC

Code obfuscation is widely used by software developers to protect intellectual property, and malware writers to hamper program analysis. However, there seems to be little work on systematic evaluations of effectiveness of obfuscation techniques against automated program analysis. The result is that we have no methodical way of knowing what kinds of automated analyses an obfuscation method can withstand. This paper addresses the problem of characterizing the resilience of code obfuscation transformations against automated symbolic execution attacks, complementing existing works that measure the potency of obfuscation transformations against human assisted attacks through user studies. We evaluated our approach over 5000 different C programs, which have each been obfuscated using existing implementations of obfuscation transformations. The results show that many existing obfuscation transformations, such as virtualization, stand little chance of withstanding symbolic execution based deobfuscation. A crucial and perhaps surprising observation we make is that symbolic execution based deobfuscators can easily deobfuscate transformations that preserve program semantics. On the other hand, we present new obfuscation transformations that change program behavior in subtle yet acceptable ways, and show that they can render symbolic execution based deobfuscation analysis ineffective in practice.
"May I introduce you Mr. Darcy?" focalizacao da personagem em Pride and Prejudice

This monograph aims to analyze the character Fitzwi lliam Darcy, from the novel Pride and Prejudice (1813) written by the English writer of the ninet e nth century, Jane Austen. This will be done from a survey of the main features of the personality of the character and of the narrative focus. Initially, it is presented a brief context of Jane Austen's biography, of her literary style and of the novel itself. The work ai ms to show that, in a time and society that distinguished certain models of masculinity as the ideal ones, the writer innovated and created a male character with attributes that made him desi rable both for the nation, as for women. It will also be shown the surprise effect used by the author in a masterful way in the construction of Mr. Darcy, obtained with the use of partial points of view, which leads to a slow revelation of the complete personality of the c aracter, thus encompassing a full scale of defects and qualities.
Liquid Handling Optimization in High Throughput Biodosimetry Tool.
Venue: Journal of medical devices

Due to the need of high speed and efficient biodosimetric assays for triage and therapy in the event of radiological or nuclear attack, a robotically based automated biodosimetry tool (RABiT) has been developed over the past few years. Adapting the micronucleus assay from filter plates to V shaped plates presented challenges in the liquid handling, namely, cell splashing out of the V shaped well plate during the cell harvesting, poor cell distribution on the bottom of the image plate during the dispensing, and cell loss from the image plate during the aspiration in the liquid handling process. Experimental and numerical investigations were carried out to better understand the phenomena and mitigate the problems. Surface tension and contact angle among the fluids and the plate wall were accounted for in the discrete and multiphase numerical models. Experimental conditions were optimized based on the numerical results showing the relationship between nozzle speed and amount of splashed liquid, and the relationship between aspiration speed and number of escaped cells. Using these optimized parameters, numbers of micronuclei in binucleated cells showed the same dose dependence in the RABiT prepared samples as those in the manually prepared ones. Micronucleus assay protocol was fully realized on RABiT.
Failure identification of induction motor using SFRA method
Venue: 2016 ELEKTRO

This paper deals with experimental measurements and analysis of frequency responses SFRA (Sweep Frequency Response Analysis) measured on induction machines (IM) to the rated power of 5kW. For the rotating machines will be established the measurement procedure of frequency responses by comparing the methodology used for power transformers to respect the International standard IEC 60076 18. For the applying method SFRA for the purpose of diagnosis and analysis of the rotating machine state there are processed the results from the standard used electric diagnostic measurements for the rotating machines measurement of the insulation condition, stator winding resistance with squirrel cage rotor and armature winding. The purpose of the experimental measurements is implementation of the SFRA method for the failure identification that arise in power IM with the rated power over 10 kW.
Diagnostic of induction motor using SFRA method
Venue: 2016 Conference on Diagnostics in Electrical Engineering (Diagnostika)

Paper deals with experimental measurements and analysis of frequency responses SFRA (Sweep Frequency Response Analysis) measured on induction motors. For the induction motors will be established the measurement procedure of frequency responses. For the applying method SFRA for the purpose of diagnosis and analysis of the rotating machine state there are processed the results from the standard used electric diagnostic measurements for the rotating machines. The purpose of the experimental measurements is implementation of the SFRA method for the failure identification that arise in power Induction motors with the rated power over 10 kW.
Lifestyle Intervention in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.
Venue: Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affects up to 30% of adults in Western populations and is increasing in prevalence. GERD is associated with lifestyle factors, particularly obesity and tobacco smoking, which also threatens the patient's general health. GERD carries the risk of several adverse outcomes and there is widespread use of potent acid inhibitors, which are associated with long term adverse effects. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the role of lifestyle intervention in the treatment of GERD.  Literature searches were performed in PubMed (from 1946) EMBASE (from 1980) and the Cochrane Library (no start date) to October 1, 2014. Meta analyses, systematic reviews, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and prospective observational studies were included.  Weight loss was followed by decreased time with esophageal acid exposure in 2 RCTs (from 5.6% to 3.7% and from 8.0% to 5.5% and reduced reflux symptoms in prospective observational studies. Tobacco smoking cessation reduced reflux symptoms in normal weight individuals in a large prospective cohort study (odds ratio, 5.67) In RCTs, late evening meals increased time with supine acid exposure compared with early meals (5.2% point change) and head of the bed elevation decreased time with supine acid exposure compared with a flat position (from 21% to 15% CONCLUSIONS Weight loss and tobacco smoking cessation should be recommended to GERD patients who are obese and smoke, respectively. Avoiding late evening meals and head of the bed elevation is effective in nocturnal GERD.
Smallholder Farms and the Potential for Sustainable Intensification
Venue: Front. Plant Sci.

The sustainable intensification of African agriculture is gaining momentum with the compelling need to increase food and agricultural production. In Southern Africa, smallholder farming systems are predominately maize based and subject to erratic climatic conditions. Farmer crop and soil management decisions are influenced by a plethora of complex factors such as market access resource availability, social relations, environment, and various messages on sustainable farming practices. Such factors pose barriers to increasing sustainable intensification in Africa. This paper characterizes smallholder farming practices in Central Malawi, at Africa Research in Sustainable Intensification for the Next Generation (Africa RISING) project sites. We present findings from a survey of 324 farmers, located within four Africa RISING sites selected in a stratified random manner to represent (1) low agricultural potential (high evapotranspiration, variable rainfall) (2) medium agricultural potential (two sites) and (3) high agricultural potential (well distributed rainfall) Soil fertility was low overall, and certain farming practices appeared to limit the sustainability of agricultural production. Nearly half of farmers did not value legume residues as a high nutrient value resource for soil amelioration, as legume residues were removed (17.9% or burned (21.4% Conversely, maize residues were rarely removed (4.5% or burned (10.4% We found that farmers do not allocate soil amendment resources to legume fields (zero instances of mineral fertilizer or manure application to legumes compared to 88 and 22% of maize systems, respectively) Policy makers in Malawi have led initiatives to intensify agricultural systems through subsidizing farmer access to mineral fertilizer as well as maize hybrid seed, and only rarely to improved legume seed. In this survey, farmers allocate mineral fertilizer to maize systems and not legume systems. There is urgent need to invest in education on sustainable reinvestment in natural resources through complementary practices, such as maximization of biological nitrogen fixation through improved legume agronomy and better organic resource and crop residue management. Recent efforts by Malawi agricultural services to promote doubled up legumes as a sustainable intensification technology are encouraging, but benefits will not accrue unless equal attention is given to an extension campaign on management of organic resources such as crop residues.
Composites a matrice titane et renforts TiB elabores par metallurgie des poudres cinetique de transformations des phases, formation des microstructures et proprietes mecaniques

Les travaux realises dans cette these visent d'une part, a comprendre les evolutions structurales et microstructurales d'un composite a matrice titane et a renforts TiB au cours des differentes etapes d'elaboration par metallurgie des poudres et des traitements thermiques associes, et d'autre part, a etablir des relations entre microstructures et proprietes mecaniques pour ce materiau. Les cinetiques de transformations des phases de la matrice et du renfort ont ete caracterisees par DRX haute energie in situ, au cours des differents traitements du cycle de fabrication. Des analyses de la microstructure par MEB, MEB EBSD et MET (EDX et EELS) completent l'analyse par DRX. Il a ete montre que les cinetiques de transformation de la matrice des composites sont fortement affectees (decalage d'environ 300degC vers les hautes temperatures de la temperature de transus s) par le procede de fabrication. Ce decalage a ete associe a un enrichissement en elements interstitiels du au broyage mecanique des poudres et aux interstitiels presents dans les renforts TiB2 introduits pour former le TiB. L'etude in situ a aussi precise la sequence de transformation du diborure de titane en borure TiB B27 via la formation de la phase metastable TiB Bf. Les analyses par MEB et MET ont permis d'atteindre et de discuter des evolutions morphologiques et spatiales des phases (matrice et borures) au cours des differents traitements, et de caracteriser la composition chimique des borures. Une sequence de transformation du renfort est proposee. Enfin, des materiaux composites ont ete elabores et soumis a divers traitements thermomecaniques. Le lien entre les proprietes mecaniques statiques et les evolutions morphologiques des borures et de la matrice, comme de la texture des phases, a ete aborde. Des traitements ont ete proposes pour atteindre des proprietes optimales
Ultrastruktur Alimentary Canal Teripang Holothuria scabra dan Holothuria atra (Echinodermata Holothuroidea)

Abstrak Informasi tentang f eeding biologi pada teripang, termasuk didalamnya tentang fungsional morfologi dan struktur dari organ organ yang berfungsi dalam proses feeding sangat penting untuk diketahui untuk lebih memahami proses makan pada teripang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur jaringan alimentary canal Teripang Putih H. scabra dari Pantai Pejarakan Bali dan Teripang Keling H. atra dari Pantai Bandengan Jepara melalui analisa histologi klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Alimentary canal Teripang Hitam dan teripang Pasir terdiri dari faring, esofagus, stomach descending intestine 1, ascending intestine descending intestine 2 dan cloaca Berdasarkan analisa histologi, struktur alimentary canal Teripang Pasir dan Teripang Hitam memiliki 3 penyusun utama, yaitu lumen, vili usus dan jaringan ikat yang merupakan serabut otot. Tiap bagian saluran pencernaan memiliki tinggi lipatan epitel vili dan ukuran vili yang berbeda, dengan lipatan tertinggi dan vili paling kecil terdapat pada bagian 4, yaitu descending intestine 1. Kata kunci ultrastruktur, alimentary canal, Holoturia scabra, Holoturia atra