nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The flip or flop boutique: Marine debris on the shores of St Brandon's rock, an isolated tropical atoll in the Indian Ocean.
Venue: Marine environmental research

Isolated coral atolls are not immune from marine debris accumulation. We identified Southeast Asia, the Indian sub continent, and the countries on the Arabian Sea as most probable source areas of 50 000 items on the shores of St. Brandon's Rock (SBR) Indian Ocean. 79% of the debris was plastics. Flip flops, energy drink bottles, and compact fluorescent lights (CFLs) were notable item types. The density of debris (0.74 m( (1) shore length) is comparable to similar islands but less than mainland sites. Intact CFLs suggests product facilitated long range transport of mercury. We suspect that aggregated marine debris, scavenged by the islands from currents and gyres, could re concentrate pollutants. SBR islets accumulated debris types in different proportions suggesting that many factors act variably on different debris types. Regular cleaning of selected islets will take care of most of the accumulated debris and may improve the ecology and tourism potential. However, arrangements and logistics require more study.
PHOTO IDENTIFICATION OF BOTTLENOSE DOLPHINS (TURSIOPS TRUNCATUS) IN TRALEE BAY AND BRANDON BAY, CO. KERRY: A CASE FOR SAC BOUNDARY EXTENSION

The Lower River Shannon is a Special Area of Conservation (SAC) with bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) as a qualifying interest, and is one of only two SACs for this species in Ireland. Bottlenose dolphins in the Shannon Estuary are present year round and genetically discrete from other populations in Ireland. They have regularly been reported from Tralee Bay and Brandon Bay, Co. Kerry, adjacent to the Lower River Shannon SAC boundary. In order to determine the provenance of these dolphins, photo identification data collected between 2008 and 2016 from both bays were used to identify individuals and match them to existing bottlenose dolphin catalogues in Ireland. Bottlenose dolphins were observed on over 90% of the 13 trips carried out, with photo identification data collected on 11 of these trips. A total of 70 individual dolphins were identified, of which 67 have been regularly recorded within the Lower River Shannon SAC, confirming them to be from this population. Shannon dolphins represented an average of 98% of dolphins photographed during each survey. Of the estimated 108 individual adult dolphins extant in the Shannon population, 62% were identified in Brandon Bay and/ or Tralee Bay during the study period. A discovery curve of individuals identified did not reach a plateau, suggesting that not all dolphins occurring in these bays were photographed during the study. Results suggest that these areas are of high importance to the Shannon dolphin population and support the need to extend the current boundary of the Lower River Shannon SAC to include Brandon Bay and Tralee Bay.
AAC Brandon hard red spring wheat
Venue: Canadian Journal of Plant Science

AAC Brandon hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. has grain yield and time to maturity within the range of the check cultivars: Katepwa, Laura, Lillian, Carberry, and CDC Kernen. AAC Brandon has an awned spike, a low lodging score indicative of strong straw, and a short plant stature typical of a semidwarf. AAC Brandon expressed resistance to prevalent races of leaf, stem, and stripe rust, and moderate resistance to fusarium head blight and loose smut. Compared with the five Canada Western Red Spring check cultivars, AAC Brandon has improved flour yield and lower flower ash. AAC Brandon is eligible for grades of Canada Western Red Spring.
Linking crowding, housing inadequacy, and perceived housing stress

This study sought to explain how housing inadequacy affects inhabitants' experiences of dwelling related stress. We defined housing inadequacy as the gap between self reported availability and importance of specific interior features, and we measured stress from self reported perceptions of efficacy or helplessness with regard to the home. From a survey of 1668 community residents, we found that inadequate retreat and lack of dwelling related efficacy each mediated the effect of inadequate comfort upon dwelling related helplessness. Two moderation models, predicting efficacy and helplessness respectively, compared whether respondents reported that their households used all habitable rooms for sleeping. This rooms ratio metric interacted with the more traditional density metric of persons per room; as persons per room increased, respondents in households using all rooms for sleeping had a steeper decrease in efficacy as well as a steeper increase in helplessness. We also explored some methodological issues in describing person environment fit in a demographically heterogeneous sample.
Is Affordable Housing an Issue? A Case Study of Housing Stress among Middle Income Group In Malaysia

Dwellers facing one housing problem typically face multiple risky housing circumstances that threaten an array of their outcomes. Experiencing multiple unfavourable housing issues can intensify the negative effects that such conditions have on the whole person's physical, psychological, emotional, and cognitive development. This paper is a survey study, and it discusses the effect of some housing issues and conditions on dwellers' psychological and emotional well being. The purpose is to understand the effect of such problems, such as housing price, safety and security, housing quality, transportation, schools and economic development on dwellers' stress level and emotional well being. Simple random sampling was assigned to a large number of middle income residents in Malaysia. The accumulated data were then analysed, and descriptive statistics were used to interpret and evaluate the prevalence of housing issues and housing stress. The findings of this study indicated that there is housing stress among middle income groups caused by transportation, housing quality, and economic development that force dwellers to stay far from their workplace and to be unable to afford the moving cost. Hence, it is highly advisable for the governments and stakeholders to look comprehensively at these issues and tackle their consequences by emphasizing people's need for affordable, liveable home standard.
Bangladeshi dialect recognition using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient, Delta, Delta delta and Gaussian Mixture Model
Venue: 2016 Eighth International Conference on Advanced Computational Intelligence (ICACI)

Automatic recognition systems are generally applied successfully in speech processing to categorize observed utterances by the speaker identity, dialect and linguistic communication. A lot of research has been performed to detect speeches, dialects and languages of different region throughout the world. But the work on dialects of Bangladesh is infrequent to our research. These dialects, in turn, differ quite a bit from each other. In this paper, we present a method to detect Bangladeshi different dialects which utilizes Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) its Delta and Delta delta as main features and Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) to classify characteristics of a specific dialect. Particularly we extract the MFCCs, Deltas and Delta deltas from the speech signal. Then they are merged together to form a feature vector for a specific dialect. GMM is trained using the iterative Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm where feature vectors are served as input. This scheme is tested on 5 databases of 30 speech samples each. Speech samples contain dialects of Borishal, Noakhali, Sylhet, Chittagong and Chapai Nawabganj regions of Bangladesh. Experiments show that GMM adaptation gives comparable good performance.
Brand engagement on social media: will firms' social media efforts influence search engine advertising effectiveness?

Although firms leverage social media platforms such as Facebook to engage with customers, they often treat social media elements and other online marketing activities such as search engine advertising as stand alone, rather than part of an integrated online activities system. Hence, it is important to systematically understand how specific elements of social media, signifying and representing behavioural manifestations of brand engagement, relate to other online activities. We study how three types of brand engagement on social media affiliation, conversation and responsiveness influence search engine advertising effectiveness, including click through rate and conversion rate. Specifically, we find that affiliation, conversation and responsiveness increase click through rate and conversion rate. Moreover, brand engagement on social media strengthens the relationships between advertisement rank and search engine advertising effectiveness.
Wearable Lactate Threshold Predicting Device is Valid and Reliable in Runners
Venue: Journal of strength and conditioning research

Wearable lactate threshold predicting device is valid and reliable in runners.  2218, 2016 A commercially available device claiming to be the world's first wearable lactate threshold predicting device (WLT) using near infrared LED technology, has entered the market. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of agreement between the WLT derived lactate threshold workload and traditional methods of lactate threshold (LT) calculation and the interdevice and intradevice reliability of the WLT. Fourteen (7 male, 7 female; mean SD; age: 18 45 years, height: 169 9 cm, mass: 67 13 kg, V[Combining Dot Above]O2max: 53 9 ml*kg 1*min 1) subjects ranging from recreationally active to highly trained athletes completed an incremental exercise test to exhaustion on a treadmill. Blood lactate samples were taken at the end of each 3 minute stage during the test to determine lactate threshold using 5 traditional methods from blood lactate analysis which were then compared against the WLT predicted value. In a subset of the population (n 12) repeat trials were performed to determine both inter reliability and intrareliability of the WLT device. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) found high to very high agreement between the WLT and traditional methods (ICC 0.80) with TEMs and mean differences ranging between 3.9 10.2% and 1.3 9.4% Both interdevice and intradevice reliability resulted in highly reproducible and comparable results (CV 1.2% TEM <0.2 km*h 1, ICC 0.97) This study suggests that the WLT is a practical, reliable, and noninvasive tool for use in predicting LT in runners.
Effects of music and music video on core affect during exercise at the lactate threshold

The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of music and music video on core affect during and immediately after stationary cycling at the lactate threshold. A randomized, fully counterbalanced, crossover design with three conditions (music, music video, and a no music video control) was adopted. Twenty four participants exercised at lactate threshold while exposed to music, music video, and control conditions. Affective valence and perceived activation were assessed every 2 min during a 20 min exercise bout and every 5 min post exercise over a 20 min period. Results indicated that there was a significant condition x time interaction for affective valence. The music video condition elicited the highest levels of affective valence followed by the music condition and control. There was a main effect of condition for affective valence, wherein the experimental conditions facilitated significantly higher affective valence than control. Significant main effects of time emerged for both affective valence and perceived activation. Regardless of condition, affective valence decreased during the exercise bout and increased immediately post exercise. Conversely, perceived activation increased during exercise and decreased immediately post exercise. The present findings indicate that music and music video can enhance core affect during exercise at the lactate threshold and the implications for exercise adherence are expounded.
Water Mist Fire Suppression Systems

This chapter addresses the engineering of fixed fire suppression systems that discharge water mist. The term water mist, as currently understood in the fire protection field, relates to fine water sprays with no drops larger than 1.0 mm, or 1000 mm (micrometers or microns) [1, 2] Such sprays are not true mists, however. A mist in the scientific sense consists of drops somewhere on a continuum between aerosol (particles with diameter approximately 5 mm) and fog (droplet diameters ranging between 10 and 100 mm) Particles less than 20 mm in diameter take a long time to settle out and, hence, create what is recognized in both literature and science as a "mist." A water mist as intended for fire protection purposes is a fine water spray consisting of a range of droplet sizes, many of which are in the range of true mist particles and some of which are considerably larger. Water mist nozzles produce sprays that have a higher fraction of very fine droplets, in the range of mist, than is typical of standard sprinklers or water spray nozzles.
Anisotropic power spectrum of refractive index fluctuation in hypersonic turbulence.
Venue: Applied optics

An anisotropic power spectrum of the refractive index fluctuation in hypersonic turbulence was obtained by processing the experimental image of the hypersonic plasma sheath and transforming the generalized anisotropic von Karman spectrum. The power spectrum suggested here can provide as good a fit to measured spectrum data for hypersonic turbulence as that recorded from the nano planar laser scattering image. Based on the newfound anisotropic hypersonic turbulence power spectrum, Rytov approximation was employed to establish the wave structure function and the spatial coherence radius model of electromagnetic beam propagation in hypersonic turbulence. Enhancing the anisotropy characteristics of the hypersonic turbulence led to a significant improvement in the propagation performance of electromagnetic beams in hypersonic plasma sheath. The influence of hypersonic turbulence on electromagnetic beams increases with the increase of variance of the refractive index fluctuation and the decrease of turbulence outer scale and anisotropy parameters. The spatial coherence radius was much smaller than that in atmospheric turbulence. These results are fundamental to understanding electromagnetic wave propagation in hypersonic turbulence.
The Single Phase Inverter Design for Photovoltaic System

This paper designs a photovoltaic (PV) conversion circuit of single phase full bridge and its peripheral control circuit, with STM8S207R8 as the core processor. The primary principle is that the DC is injected to the sole phase full bridge contravariant circuit, then to the exchange of LC filter circuit. The control signal is produced by the main control unit STM8S207R8 sine wave pulse width modulation (SPWM) The drive circuit TLP250 is used to produce SPWM signal, which is adopted as control input to drive contravariant circuit. As a result, a sinusoidal AC voltage waveform with little distortion is obtained. The above system is an independent operation of the single phase inverter system. The reliability and accuracy of the system are verified though an experiment.
The Single Phase Inverter Design for Photovoltaic System
Venue: 2016 International Symposium on Computer, Consumer and Control (IS3C)

This paper designs a photovoltaic (PV) conversion circuit of single phase full bridge and its peripheral control circuit, with STM8S207R8 as the core processor. The primary principle is that the DC is injected to the sole phase full bridge contravariant circuit, then to the exchange of LC filter circuit. The control signal is produced by the main control unit STM8S207R8 sine wave pulse width modulation (SPWM) The drive circuit TLP250 is used to produce SPWM signal, which is adopted as control input to drive contravariant circuit. As a result, a sinusoidal AC voltage waveform with little distortion is obtained. The above system is an independent operation of the single phase inverter system. The reliability and accuracy of the system are verified though an experiment.
Les jeux video competitifs au prisme des jeux sportifs du sport au sport electronique

La comparaison entre jeux video competitifs et jeux sportifs fait regulierement debat, et ce notamment aupres des acteurs de la communaute du sport electronique. A l'aide de concepts empruntes a la sociologie du sport, l'article propose de questionner la definition du sport electronique au regard de quatre criteres objectifs et operationnels regulierement utilises pour definir le jeu sportif la pertinence motrice de l'activite, l'organisation de competitions, le systeme reglementaire et le dispositif institutionnel. Cette analyse a pour objectif d'apporter un eclairage original sur le phenomene du jeu video competitif et sur le processus de sportification qui le traverse, a travers l'exemple du jeu video League of Legends.
Utilisation de la cigarette electronique dans le sevrage tabagique par les medecins generalistes picards pratiques, points de vue et attentes

La lutte contre le tabagisme est un enjeu majeur de sante publique. Depuis quelques annees, la cigarette electronique (CE) suscite espoirs et incertitudes chez les utilisateurs comme au sein du corps medical. L'objectif principal de ce travail etait d'etudier les pratiques de medecins generalistes (MG) picards concernant l'utilisation therapeutique de la CE dans l'aide au sevrage tabagique, dans un contexte d'absence de positionnement clair des autorites medicales a ce sujet. Materiel et methode Etude descriptive observationnelle realisee par envoi d'auto questionnaires par voie informatique aupres de MG picards. Resultats Cinquante sept pour cent des 128 MG repondants utilisaient la CE comme moyen d'aide au sevrage tabagique. Dans 45,2% des cas, son recours faisait suite a une demande du patient ou son recours spontane a ce dispositif. Soixante seize pour cent des MG etaient satisfaits des resultats obtenus. Les non utilisateurs deploraient l'absence de preuves de son efficacite (71% leur manque d'informations (54,5% et l'absence de recul sur sa nocivite (43,6% Quatre vingt huit pour cent des MG consideraient les recommandations officielles sur le sujet insuffisantes. Diverses propositions ont ete emises pour remedier a ces difficultes.  Notre etude montre que si le recours a la CE dans l'aide au sevrage semble s'integrer dans la pratique des MG Picards, ceux ci se trouvent relativement demunis face a un manque d'informations et des recommandations officielles jugees insuffisantes.
Le contrat electronique

Les activites du commerce electronique et le cadre juridique qui en decoule soulevent des questions pertinentes, en particulier celle de la protection du consommateur lors de la formation du contrat.Dans cette these, nous avons aborde les regles juridiques relatives au contrat electronique afin d'assurer la coherence entre ces regles et le droit commun du contrat. Nous avons constate que les contrats electroniques sont egalement soumis a des regles juridiques qui encadrent l'obligation du vendeur et de l'acheteur, la livraison, la reception, le paiement, la signature du contrat, le droit de retractation, la garantie, etc.Les questions de la competence juridictionnelle et la loi applicable etaient egalement envisages, car le contrat electronique peut faire l'objet d'un litige international.Enfin, nous avons constate que la valeur juridique du contrat electronique depend en principe de la valeur juridique de l'ecriture et de la signature electronique.
Wplyw spolecznej odpowiedzialnosci biznesu na lojalnosc konsumentow wobec marki

W literaturze przedmiotu mozna spotkac wiele definicji lojalnosci wobec marki (brand loyalty) G.R. Foxall i R.E. Goldsmith definiuja je jako przywiazanie do gatunku, czyli zjawisko kupowania tej samej marki za kazdym razem, gdy kupuje sie dany wyrob [Foxall, Goldsmith, 1998, s. 31] J.O'Shaugnessy definiuje je jako oparte na wiezi osobistej wierne przywiazanie na ,dobre i zle" do okreslonej marki [O'Shaugnessy, 1994, s. 79] Nieco inna definicje lojalnosci podaje G. Urbanek, wedlug ktorego jest to okreslone, nieprzypadkowe, przejawiajace sie w dlugim okresie zachowanie podmiotu decyzyjnego w odniesieniu do jednej lub kilku marek, bedace funkcja psychologicznego procesu podejmowania decyzji. Traktujac lojalnosc, jako miare przywiazania klienta do okreslonej marki uwaza, ze odzwierciedla ona prawdopodobienstwo przestawienia sie klienta na inna marke, zwlaszcza wtedy, gdy rozni sie ona pod wzgledem ceny lub innych parametrow [Urbanek, 2002, s. 40] Jeszcze inaczej pojecie lojalnosci wobec marki definiuje J. Altkorn, wedlug ktorego to nie tylko sklonnosc konsumentow do stalego nabywania produktow danej marki, ale takze gotowosc zaplacenia za nie wyzszej ceny, powtarzalnosc ich zakupow oraz powstrzymywanie sie od zakupu produktow konkurencyjnych [Altkorn, 1998, s. 135] Reasumujac przytoczone definicje mozna stwierdzic, ze lojalnosc to swiadome, celowe i trwale przywiazanie do marki przejawiajace sie w znacznym zaangazowaniu nabywcy w relacje z dostawca oraz brakiem wrazliwosci na dzialania konkurentow. Lojalnosc wobec marki moze wynikac z kilku przeslanek: 1) przekonania konsumenta o zasadnosci zakupu produktow danej marki (np. ich niezawodnosci, nowoczesnosci czy zgodnosci z zasadami ochrony srodowiska) 2) przyzwyczajenia (np. do okreslonych kosmetykow, papierosow) 3) traktowania marki, jako wyroznika pozycji spolecznej.
A Social Semiotic Approach to Multimodal Discourse of the Badge of Xi'an Jiaotong University

Using the school badge of Xi'an Jiaotong University as an example, this article aims to unravel that both literal expression and visual imagery have the ideographic function. The analysis in this article primarily utilizes the theoretical framework of the visual communication grammar, which is developed by Kress Van Leeuwen from Halliday's systemic functional linguistics. By analyzing the representational, interactive, and compositional meaning of the school badge, this article shows that school badges have rich connotations and the ability to interpret them should be attached importance. Furthermore, this article aims to make a little contribution to the interpretation of school badges.
Extremophiles and biotechnology: current uses and prospects
Venue: F1000Research

Biotechnology has almost unlimited potential to change our lives in very exciting ways. Many of the chemical reactions that produce these products can be fully optimized by performing them at extremes of temperature, pressure, salinity, and pH for efficient and cost effective outcomes. Fortunately, there are many organisms (extremophiles) that thrive in extreme environments found in nature and offer an excellent source of replacement enzymes in lieu of mesophilic ones currently used in these processes. In this review, I discuss the current uses and some potential new applications of extremophiles and their products, including enzymes, in biotechnology.
Knowledge Graph Embedding for Link Prediction and Triplet Classification
Venue: CCKS

The link prediction (LP) and triplet classification (TC) are important tasks in the field of knowledge graph mining. However, the traditional link prediction methods of social networks cannot directly apply to knowledge graph data which contains multiple relations. In this paper, we apply the knowledge graph embedding method to solve the specific tasks with Chinese knowledge base Zhishi.me. The proposed method has been successfully used in the evaluation task of CCKS2016. Hopefully, it can achieve excellent performance.