nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Teaching Vocabulary to Turkish Young Learners in Semantically Related and Semantically Unrelated Sets by Using Digital Storytelling.

Teaching vocabulary is a comprehensive process in foreign language learning requiring specific techniques of appropriate instruction and accurate strategy. The present study was conducted to examine the effects of teaching vocabulary to Turkish young learners in semantic clustering way through digital storytelling. To investigate this aim, six video stories were chosen and studied in sequence. The research was carried out with 25 sixth graders during 6 weeks. Totally 6 stories were presented by teacher: three of them were taught in semantically related and three of them were taught in semantically unrelated sets. SPSS 20 package programme was used to analyze all collected data. Learners developed their vocabulary at the end of both processes but with different ratio. Participants scored better at semantically unrelated vocabulary teaching process than semantically related vocabulary teaching process.
60 GHz SiGe BiCMOS dual conversion down converter: Schottky diode RF mixer and analog Gilbert IF mixer with microwave quadrature generator
Venue: 2016 IEEE 16th Topical Meeting on Silicon Monolithic Integrated Circuits in RF Systems (SiRF)

A 60 GHz dual conversion down converter using 0.35 mm SiGe BiCMOS process is demonstrated in this paper. A Schottky diode ring mixer with wideband Marchand balun works as the 60 GHz RF mixer while two analog Gilbert micromixers with LO port pumped by two quadrature couplers work as IF mixers. The cut off frequency of a Schottky diode makes a fundamental RF ring mixer possible because the series resistance of a Schottky diode is effectively reduced by the n+ buried layer in SiGe BiCMOS process. A Gilbert micromixer with an IF buffer is used to accommodate the single ended output of the RF ring mixer. By combining these advantages, a dual conversion down converter is achieved. The converter has about 8 dB conversion gain, 10 GHz RF bandwidth of 50 60 GHz, 100 MHz IF bandwidth when LO1 power is 8 dBm and LO2 power is 2 dBm.
A K band low conversion loss single balanced mixer with GaAs Schottky barrier diode
Venue: 2016 IEEE MTT S International Microwave Workshop Series on Advanced Materials and Processes for RF and THz Applications (IMWS AMP)

With the rapid development of the wireless technology, mixer, which is the main part of microwave receiver, has been demanded to be much more smaller and better performance. A low conversion loss k band single balanced mixer is presented in this paper. The radio frequency (RF) signal and local oscillator (LO) signal are applied to one pair of mutually isolated ports of the 180 degree hybrid ring, after calculating the embedding impedance of the diodes in harmonic balance method, an input matching network is designed, then the intermediate frequency (IF) will be taken to the output port through the compact low pass microstrip filter. The circuit is fabricated on the Rogers 3003 substrate with dielectric constant of 3, thickness of 0.254mm using two MAE1310 Schottky diodes.
The viability of FRAND: How the seminal landmark Microsoft ruling could impact the value of standard essential patents and the future of telecom standards

Recently, telecommunication standards have become a battleground over the nature of F/RAND commitments that determine the value of standard essential patents. In 2015, the US federal court system reaffirmed the 2013 landmark ruling in Microsoft v. Motorola on the valuation of SEPs through the determination of a F/RAND royalty rate. This study deconstructed the courts valuation method and found that it deployed a comprehensive set of principles for apportionment of SEP value in line with the general economic theory of patent holdup and freeriding, but that the lack of technical strength of the SEP portfolios limited the full understanding of the generalization of the methodology to future contexts. Key implications include a greater capability of the US court system to manage F/RAND disputes, false reification of patent holdup as a systemic problem, and a potentially normative, negative impact on patent value, where the total impact on both static and dynamic efficiency requires further research and potentially new knowledge based economic theories.
Functional and immunohistochemical characterization of CCEae3a, a carboxylesterase associated with temephos resistance in the major arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus.
Venue: Insect biochemistry and molecular biology

Temephos is a major organophosphate (OP) larvicide that has been used extensively for the control of Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti, the major vectors for viral diseases, such as dengue fever, zika and chikungunya. Resistance to temephos has been recently detected and associated with the upregulation of carboxylesterases (CCEs) through gene amplification, in both species. Here, we expressed the CCEae3a genes which showed the most striking up regulation in resistant Aedes strains, using the baculovirus system. All CCEae3a variants encoded functional enzymes, with high activity and preference for p nitrophenyl butyrate, a substrate that was shown capable to differentiate temephos resistant from susceptible Aedes larvae. Enzyme kinetic studies showed that CCEae3as from both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus (CCEae3a_aeg and CCEae3a_alb, respectively) strongly interact with temephos oxon and slowly released the OP molecule, indicating a sequestration resistance mechanism. No difference was detected between resistant and susceptible CCEae3a_aeg variants (CCEae3a_aegR and CCEae3a_aegS, respectively) indicating that previously reported polymorphism is unlikely to play a role in temephos resistance. HPLC/MS showed that CCEae3as were able to metabolize temephos oxon to the temephos monoester (4 hydroxyphenyl) sulfanyl] phenyl O,O dimethylphosphorothioate. Western blot and immunolocalization studies, based on a specific antibody raised against the CCEae3a_alb showed that the enzyme is expressed at higher levels in resistant insects, primarily in malpighian tubules (MT) and nerve tissues.
Statistical Methods For Environmental Pollution Monitoring

If you really want to be smarter, reading can be one of the lots ways to evoke and realize. Many people who like reading will have more knowledge and experiences. Reading can be a way to gain information from economics, politics, science, fiction, literature, religion, and many others. As one of the part of book categories, statistical methods for environmental pollution monitoring always becomes the most wanted book. Many people are absolutely searching for this book. It means that many love to read this kind of book.
Paratheism: A Proof that God neither Exists nor Does Not Exist

heism and its cousins, atheism and agnosticism, are seldom taken to task for logical epistemological incoherence. This paper provides a condensed proof that not only theism, but atheism and agnosticism as well, are all of them conceptually self undermining, and for the same reason: All attempt to make use of the concept of "transcendent reality," which here is shown not only to lack meaning, but to preclude the very possibility of meaning. In doing this, the incoherence of theism, atheism, and agnosticism is secondary to the more general incoherence of any attempts to refer to so called "transcendent realities." A recognition of the conceptually fundamental incoherence of theism, atheism, and agnosticism compels our rational assent to a position the author names "paratheism." _________________________________ The author has chosen to issue this paper as a free open access publication under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial NoDerivs license, which allows anyone to distribute this work without changes to its content, provided that both the author and the original URL from which this work was obtained are mentioned, that the contents of this work are not used for commercial purposes or profit, and that this work will not be used without the author's or his executor's permission in derivative works (i.e. you may not alter, transform, or build upon this work without such permission) The full legal statement of this license may be found at http:/creativecommons.org/licenses/by nc nd/4.0/legalcode T
Surface wave attenuation in the shallow subsurface from multichannel multishot seismic data: a new approach for detecting fractures and lithological discontinuities
Venue: Earth, Planets and Space

Surface wave analysis generally neglects amplitude information, instead using phase information to delineate near surface S wave velocity structures. To effectively characterize subsurface heterogeneities from amplitude information, we propose a method of estimating lateral variation of attenuation coefficients of surface waves from multichannel multishot (multifold) seismic data. We extend the concept of the common midpoint cross correlation method, used for phase velocity estimation, to the analysis of attenuation coefficients. Our numerical experiments demonstrated that when used together, attenuation coefficients and phase velocities could characterize a lithological boundary as well as fracture zone. We applied the proposed method to multifold seismic reflection data acquired in Shikoku Island, Japan. We clearly observed abrupt changes in lateral variation of estimated attenuation coefficients around fault locations associated with a lithological boundary and with well developed fractures, whereas phase velocity results could detect only the lithological boundary. Our study demonstrated that simultaneous interpretation of attenuation coefficients and phase velocities has the potential to distinguish localized fractures from lithological boundaries.
Conjoint treatment for intimate partner violence: A systematic review and implications.

Gender specific men only interventions for intimate partner violence (IPV) have had limited success beyond the effects of arrest alone. This review outlines current U.S. state mandated treatments for IPV, acknowledges how conjoint treatment may better address a subtype of IPV that is not motivated by power and control, examines and reviews previously conducted couples based treatments, and highlights policy implications and future directions. Empirical findings and theoretical support for the Duluth model, cognitive behavioral approaches, and IPV typologies are presented, followed by a systematic review of selected quasi and true experimental studies on couples based approaches for IPV. U.S. state guidelines that absolutely exclude conjoint approaches are overly restrictive, considering the poor evidence of effectiveness for current gender specific groups. Further, the theoretical foundations of most men only groups assume unilateral, male to female violence, which does not fit at least one third of court involved cases and leaves treatment needs of couples experiencing problematic relationship dynamics unmet. For a carefully screened subset of couples that experience predominantly "situational violence," conjoint communication and relationship skills training groups may be a viable alternative to the Duluth model and cognitive behavioral men only groups.
Risks and Targeted Interventions: Firearms in Intimate Partner Violence.
Venue: Epidemiologic reviews

The use of firearms in intimate partner violence (IPV) is widely recognized as an important public health threat. However, what we know about the risks of firearm access on IPV outcomes is limited. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to determine the state of knowledge on 1) the risks of firearm access and use in IPV and 2) the effectiveness of interventions designed specifically to reduce firearm violence in intimate relationships. Only studies published in English in peer reviewed journals from 1990 through 2014 were included. Results of the review suggest that, when violent intimates have access to firearms, IPV increases in severity and deadliness; however, increases in severity may not be due to firearm use. Additionally, statutes prohibiting persons under domestic violence restraining orders from accessing firearms are associated with reductions in intimate partner homicide, but certain provisions of these laws and their enforcement may impact their effectiveness. Future research should focus on elucidating the link between firearm access and increased IPV severity and on investigating whether and which specific provisions of domestic violence restraining order laws impact the laws' effectiveness. Additionally, more evaluations of initiatives designed to improve the enforcement of domestic violence restraining order firearm prohibitions are needed.
A Scoping Review of Intimate Partner Violence Screening Programs for Health Care Professionals
Venue: PloS one

Between 38 and 59 percent of women presenting to health care professionals have experienced intimate partner violence. Consequently, multiple intimate partner violence identification or screening programs within health care settings have been developed; however, substantial variations in program content and interpretation of program effectiveness has resulted in conflicting practice guidelines. The purpose of our scoping review is to broadly identify and synthesize the available literature evaluating intimate partner violence identification programs within health care settings to identify key areas for potential evidence based recommendations and to focus research priorities in the field.  We conducted a search of MEDLINE, Embase, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and psycINFO. We used broad eligibility criteria to identify studies that evaluated intimate partner violence identification programs in health care settings. We completed all screening and data extraction independently and in duplicate. We used descriptive statistics to summarize all data.  We identified 59 eligible studies evaluating intimate partner violence identification programs within health care settings. The most commonly reported outcome themes were IPV disclosure (69% n 35) number of patients screened (39% n 20) HCP opinions towards screening (37% n 19) and patient opinions towards screening (29% n 15) The majority of studies (36 studies (70.6% reported positive program evaluation results.  The majority of studies reported positive program evaluation results. This may suggest that many different intimate partner violence identification programs are beneficial for identifying victims of abuse, however, it remains unknown as to whether identification programs prevent future episodes of abuse. Additionally, the substantial heterogeneity of the intervention characteristics, study methodology, and outcome measures assessed limits the ability to make clear recommendations as to the optimal method(s) of screening.
Applications of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles and Their Advances toward Industrial Use: A Review.
Venue: Analytical chemistry

Artificial receptors exhibit several advantages compared to their biological counterparts such as stability, robustness and handling. Additionally, nanostructured materials exhibit excellent properties such as high surfaceto volume ratio, low cost and easy preparation and handling. Consequently, the approach of molecularly imprinting has been extended from bulk materials to nanomaterials. We are reviewing the numerous applications of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) nanoparticles (NPs) and briefly discuss their synthesis. Furthermore, we discuss how and for which applications industry starts to use MIP NPs and what the current limitations are. MIP NPs can be applied as antibody replicae economizing template molecules and facilitating storage. Moreover, nanocomposite materials possess additional functionalities such as magnetic and semi conductive cores. Nanosized MIPs are widespread applied for analytical separation via solid phase extraction (SPE) but also improves sensitivity in capillary electrophoresis (CE) Furthermore, such nanomaterials are applied in the field of sensors, e.g. in combination with transducers such as surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) MIP grafted optosensing materials, namely quantum dot (QD) composites, even allow for fluorescence detection of non fluorescing analytes. Nevertheless, MIP NPs are also suitable for bio applications such as drug delivery and pseudoimmunoassay. Finally, we critically discuss limitations and applications specific problems.
BranchyNet: Fast inference via early exiting from deep neural networks
Venue: 2016 23rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)

Deep neural networks are state of the art methods for many learning tasks due to their ability to extract increasingly better features at each network layer. However, the improved performance of additional layers in a deep network comes at the cost of added latency and energy usage in feedforward inference. As networks continue to get deeper and larger, these costs become more prohibitive for real time and energy sensitive applications. To address this issue, we present BranchyNet, a novel deep network architecture that is augmented with additional side branch classifiers. The architecture allows prediction results for a large portion of test samples to exit the network early via these branches when samples can already be inferred with high confidence. BranchyNet exploits the observation that features learned at an early layer of a network may often be sufficient for the classification of many data points. For more difficult samples, which are expected less frequently, BranchyNet will use further or all network layers to provide the best likelihood of correct prediction. We study the BranchyNet architecture using several well known networks (LeNet, AlexNet, ResNet) and datasets (MNIST, CIFAR10) and show that it can both improve accuracy and significantly reduce the inference time of the network.
Abduction in One Intelligence Test. Types of Reasoning Involved in Solving Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices

Given that Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM) as an intelligence test with robust psychometric properties is considered to be a good measure of reasoning ability component of general intelligence, particularly its fluid factor, one would expect that uncovering the determinants of APM performance, especially reasoning patterns, could significantly contribute to understanding of intelligence. Our aim in this study was to identify types of reasoning processes involved in solving Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices test. To this end we carried out two studies: one involving eliciting verbal protocols in the form of Socratic tutorial dialogues and one involving controlling eye fixation patterns. Results suggest that hypotheses generation and testing, involved in solving APM tasks, essentially amounts to abductive reasoning.
Hawk: The Blockchain Model of Cryptography and Privacy Preserving Smart Contracts
Venue: 2016 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)

Emerging smart contract systems over decentralized cryptocurrencies allow mutually distrustful parties to transact safely without trusted third parties. In the event of contractual breaches or aborts, the decentralized blockchain ensures that honest parties obtain commensurate compensation. Existing systems, however, lack transactional privacy. All transactions, including flow of money between pseudonyms and amount transacted, are exposed on the blockchain. We present Hawk, a decentralized smart contract system that does not store financial transactions in the clear on the blockchain, thus retaining transactional privacy from the public's view. A Hawk programmer can write a private smart contract in an intuitive manner without having to implement cryptography, and our compiler automatically generates an efficient cryptographic protocol where contractual parties interact with the blockchain, using cryptographic primitives such as zero knowledge proofs. To formally define and reason about the security of our protocols, we are the first to formalize the blockchain model of cryptography. The formal modeling is of independent interest. We advocate the community to adopt such a formal model when designing applications atop decentralized blockchains.
The Influence of Specific Phonemic Awareness Processes on the Reading Comprehension of African American Students

Research indicates the primary difference between strong and weak readers is their phonemic awareness skills. However, there is no consensus regarding which specific components of phonemic awareness contribute most robustly to reading comprehension. In this study, the relationship among sound blending, sound segmentation, and reading comprehension is investigated. A total of 84 African American and two multiethnic 1st through 4th grade students attending an inner city charter school completed measures of sound blending, sound segmentation, and reading comprehension. Statistically significant relationships were found between blending and segmenting skills and blending and reading comprehension. Results from structural equation modeling reveal a moderate to large effect size between sound blending and reading comprehension and a relatively small effect size between sound segmenting and reading comprehension. The results indicate sound blending skills account for more variance in the prediction of reading comprehension than segmenting skills with this unique research population. Implications for early instruction and intervention are discussed.
Black Church Leaders' Attitudes About Mental Health Services: Role of Racial Discrimination

Black church leaders are often first responders to mental health issues in the Black community, yet few researchers have examined their attitudes about seeking outside mental health services. In order to fill this gap, we surveyed 112 church leaders in a northeastern urban Baptist Black mega church (22 associate pastors, 34 deacons, and 56 congregation care givers) using The National Survey of American Life. Findings suggest church leaders more often relied on the church community and alternative health services, leaders who attended church more often tended to report not receiving any outside mental health treatment, the closer church leaders felt to all Black people, the less satisfied they were with help received from formal mental health services, and leaders who experienced more racial discrimination tended to report worse overall mental and physical health. Clinical providers and Black churches should develop collaborative partnerships to better meet the needs of this community.