nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Rothschild Stiglitz Approach to Bayesian Persuasion

Rothschild and Stiglitz (1970) represent random variables as convex functions (integrals of the cumulative distribution function) Combining this representation with Blackwell's Theorem (1953) we characterize distributions of posterior means that can be induced by a signal. This characterization provides a novel way to analyze a class of Bayesian persuasion problems.
A Simulated Annealing Global Maximum Power Point Tracking Approach for PV Modules Under Partial Shading Conditions
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics

This paper proposes a simulated annealing (SA) based global maximum power point tracking (GMPPT) technique designed for photovoltaic (PV) systems which experience partial shading conditions (PSC) The proposed technique is compared with the common perturb and observe MPPT technique and the particle swarm optimization method for GMPPT. The performance is assessed by considering the time taken to converge and the number of sample cases where the technique converges to the GMPP. Simulation results indicate the improved performance of the SA based GMPPT algorithm, with arbitrarily selected parameters, in tracking to the global maxima in a multiple module PV system which experiences PSC. Experimental validation of the technique is presented based on PV modules that experience nonuniform environmental conditions. Additionally, studies regarding the influence of the key parameters of the SA based algorithm are described. Simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed GMPPT method.
An improved simulated annealing maximum power point tracking technique for PV array under partial shading conditions
Venue: 2016 18th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'16 ECCE Europe)

This paper presents an improved Simulated Annealing (SA) based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique designed for photovoltaic (PV) systems under partial shading conditions (PSC) Compared with existing SA MPPT algorithms, the proposed method performs faster convergence speed, higher tracking accuracy and continuously tracking of the global Maximum Power Point (GMPP) under climate changes. The new SA MPPT principle is fully explained, discussed and verified by simulation.
How fast is the middle lower crust flowing in eastern Tibet? A constraint from geodetic observations

Various geophysical observations, including seismological and magnetotelluric imaging, have implied that the deep crust beneath eastern Tibet may be partially melted and flowing faster than the brittle upper crust. However, it is still unclear how much faster the deep crust is flowing. Geodetic observations, which are more sensitive to dynamic changes, provide constraints on the flow rate of the middle and lower crust (MLC) Three dimensional GPS velocities show that deformation within the brittle upper crust contributes little (0.02 0.02 mm/yr) to the overall surface uplift (2.7 0.3 mm/yr) Therefore, two plausible models for the surface uplift are discussed, which are consistent with the geodetic constraints. In the deep crustal flow model, crustal thickening requires the horizontal flow rate of the MLC to be 330% 710% of the rate of motion of the upper crust, and the deepening of the Moho is only up to 35% of that required to maintain isostatic balance; isostasy may not be maintained over the geodetic timescale. In the hybrid model of deep crustal flow and convective lithospheric detachment, the Moho is uprising and only weak or moderate (130% 250% deep crustal flow is required, which results in moderate present day crustal thickening beneath eastern Tibet. This result improves our understanding of the plateau construction and dynamics, and also offers advice for numerical simulations.
The crustal density structures and deformation scratches in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau

After introducing the principals of the multi scale scratch analysis method of regional gravity data, this paper presents the results of its application to the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, producing three sets of density disturbance, ridge coefficient, and edge coefficient images. The density disturbance images can be used to delineate the hardness and rheological properties of continental tectonic units. The ridge coefficient images can be used to delineate deformation belts, and the edge coefficient images can be used to determine positioning boundaries of the structural division of the units. These images provide crustal geological and tectonic information from different aspects with depth information, which are able to give quantitative constrains to any possible tectonic models. To the upper crust, these results are basically coincident with surface geological and tectonic mapping. They can also provide more structural information of the middle and lower crust, which conventionally is hard to be accurately inferred. For instance, the density disturbance images show the source zones and squeezed flows of channel flows in the lower crust, as well as the position of the subduction front of the Indian plate beneath the Himalayan mountain range. The ridge coefficient images provide the positions of suture zones, deformation and subduction volcanic belts, ancient collision belts and strike slip zones. By combining with these edge coefficient images, one can draw out tectonic maps with different structural units in the middle and lower crust. For example, very high density terranes such as the Kashmir and Chayuhe, are divided from the Himalayan terrane, giving physical reasons for the formation of the western and eastern structural knots in the India Eurasia collisional belt. The multi scale scratch analysis not only provides the plane geometry of structures and deformation belts, but also their depth extension and stereoscopic patterns. For instance, a decrease of the low density volume from the lower crust to the upper implies possible diapiric intrusions of the low density channel flows.
Low Damage Precast Columns for Accelerated Bridge Construction in High Seismic Zones

AbstractAccelerated bridge construction (ABC) is a feature incorporating new technologies, advanced planning, and new detailing to expedite bridge construction. Accelerated bridge construction offers many benefits, the most important of which is faster onsite construction. Precast systems and members are the key components of ABC. Even though the application of precast systems is common in low and moderate seismic regions, implementation of precast columns in high seismic zones has been scarce because of uncertainty in the seismic performance of precast member connections. Three low damage materials, ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) engineered cementitious composite (ECC) and nickel titanium shape memory alloy (NiTi SMA) were incorporated in this study, in either the connection or the plastic hinge of a half scale bridge column test model to develop a precast column that exhibits improved seismic performance over columns built cast in place with conventional materials. The column damage was signif.
Seismic CFST Column to Precast Cap Beam Connections for Accelerated Bridge Construction

AbstractConcrete filled steel tubes (CFSTs) frequently are a more efficient and economical structural solution then conventional reinforced concrete and structural steel. For the same size member, CFSTs offer increased strength and stiffness as well as accelerated construction. CFSTs may be used for bridge columns that will yield under earthquake loading, but this requires robust connections capable of sustaining large cyclic loads. To facilitate accelerated bridge construction, precast cap beams and girders are commonly used. Although CFST column to foundation connections have been studied, CFST column to precast cap beam connections have not. This is the focus of this research study. In contrast to cast in place (CIP) components, precast pier cap connections require additional design considerations including construction methodology and limits on geometry. To investigate this connection an integrated analytical and experimental research program was performed. Initially, continuum finite element methods
Nonlinear optical properties of multilayer graphene in the infrared.
Venue: Optics express

A negative value for the nonlinear refraction in graphene is experimentally observed and unambiguously verified by performing a theoretical analysis arising from the conductivity of the graphene monolayer. The nonlinear optical properties of multi layer graphene are experimentally studied by employing the Z scan technique. The measurements are carried out at 1150, 1550, 1900 and 2400 nm with a 100 femtosecond laser source. Under laser illumination the multi layer graphene exhibits a transmittance increase due to saturable absorption, followed by optical limiting due to two photon absorption. The saturation irradiance Isat and the two photon absorption coefficient b are measured in the operating wavelength range. Furthermore, an irradiance dependent nonlinear refraction is observed and discriminated from the conventional nonlinear refraction coefficient n2, which is not irradiance dependent. The values obtained for the irradiance dependent nonlinear refraction are in the order of ~10 9 cm2W 1, approximately 8 orders of magnitude larger than any bulk dielectrics.
Linear and nonlinear optical properties of ZnO thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition

This paper presents the structural and optical properties of ZnO thin films deposited by using pulsed laser deposition technique on quartz substrates. The deposition process was carried out at various temperatures of the substrates from room temperature to 825 K in order to investigate these properties of the films and their mutual influence. The structural and morphological properties of the films were investigated by X Ray Diffraction and Atomic Force Microscopy measurements, respectively. The quality of the films was improved with an increase of the substrate temperature. The linear optical properties of the films were studied by classic and time resolved photoluminescence spectra in the broad range of the temperature from 13 K to 325 K. Classic photoluminescence measurement allowed us to estimate band gap energy as a function of the temperature. An innovative time resolved photoluminescence technique lets us precisely measure the decay time in the real time. Results of these measurements reveal a simple exponential decay behavior typical for well oriented crystalline thin films. Presented spectra confirm high structural and linear optical quality of investigated films. The nonlinear optical properties of the films were investigated by Third Harmonic Generation technique. Our results also indicated that the substrate temperature strongly affected nonlinear optical properties and the values of third order nonlinear susceptibilities were found to be high enough for the potential applications in the optical switching devices.
SAM: A rethinking of prominent convolutional neural network architectures for visual object recognition
Venue: 2016 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

Convolutional neural networks play an increasingly important role in computer vision tasks, especially in the field of visual object recognition. Many prominent models, such as Inception, Maxout, ResNet, and NIN, have been proposed to significantly improve recognition performance. Inspired from those models, we propose a novel module called self adaptive module (SAM) SAM consists of four passes and one selector. Specifically, the four passes include two direct passes with different receptive fields and depths, one residual pass, and one Maxout pass. Actually, the residual pass is used to speed up convergence, while we take advantage of the Maxout pass to enhance approximate capabilities of SAM. The selector is further designed to help choose reasonable output. Basically, SAM is intended to simplify design of any new deep learning architecture, since it no longer requires consideration of how to select receptive fields and depths. Our SAM is tested on the visual object recognition datasets including CIFAR 10, CIFAR 100, MNIST, and SVHN. The experimental results demonstrate that the SAM Net has superior recognition performances on the four benchmarks, which achieve test errors of 5.76% 28.56% 0.31% and 1.98% respectively.
Heterogeneous Convolutional Neural Networks for Visual Recognition
Venue: PCM

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown impressive performance for image recognition when trained over large scale datasets such as ImageNet. CNNs can extract hierarchical features layer by layer starting from raw pixel values, and representations from the highest layers can be efficiently adapted to other visual recognition tasks. In this paper, we propose heterogeneous deep convolutional neural networks (HCNNs) to learn features from different CNN models. Features obtained from heterogeneous CNNs have different characteristics since each network has a different architecture with different depth and the design of receptive fields. HCNNs use a combination network (i.e. another multi layer neural network) to learn higher level features combining those obtained from heterogeneous base neural networks. The combination network is also trained and thus can better integrate features obtained from heterogeneous base networks. To better understand the combination mechanism, we backpropagate the optimal output and evaluate how the network selects features from each model. The results show that the combination network can automatically leverage the different descriptive abilities of the original models, achieving comparable performance on many challenging benchmarks.
Insect Classification With Heirarchical Deep Convolutional Neural Networks Convolutional Neural Networks for Visual Recognition CS 231 N

Classification of insect species is is a particularly difficult challenge because of the high degree of similarity of the appearance between distinct species. Given the visual commonalities across different levels of taxonomic hierarchies (i.e. class, order, family, etc. insect classifcation provides a unique opportunity to apply emerging techniques used in Hierarchical Deep CNNs (HD CNNs) Inspired by the success of recent work on HD CNNs, our pipeline for designing, training and testing a hierarchical architecture achieves promising results considering the particularly messy nature of our data set. Working with 217,657 insect images from 277 unique classes, we achieved a top 5 misclassification rate of 22.54% and a top 10 misclassification rate of
Smart Charging of EVs in Residential Distribution Systems Using the Extended Iterative Method

Smart charging of electrical vehicles (EVs) is critical to provide the secure and cost effective operation for distribution systems. Three model objective functions which are minimization of total supplied power, energy costs and maximization of profits are formulated. The conventional household load is modeled as a ZIP load that consists of constant power, constant current and constant impedance components. The imbalance of distribution system, constraints on nodal voltages and thermal loadings of lines and transformers are all taken into account. Utilizing the radial operation structure of distribution system, an extended iterative method is proposed to greatly reduce the dimensions of optimization variables and thus improve calculation speed. Impacts of the conventional household load model on the simulation results are also investigated. Case studies on three distribution systems with 2, 14, and 141 buses are performed and analyzed. It is found that the linear constrained convex quadratic programming model is applicable at each iteration, when the conventional household load is composed of constant power and constant impedance load. However, it is not applicable when the conventional household load consists of constant current load. The accuracy and computational efficiency of the proposed method are also validated.
Measurement based determination of static load models in a low voltage grid
Venue: 2016 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT Europe)

The paper presents the results of determining parameters of an exponential load model at the low voltage side of a transformers. The input data was generated by continuous measurements in the resolution of one second over the period of one year. The identified parameters are clustered by different times of the day and weekdays. The found parameters are finally compared to parameters in the literature. Further research steps are discussed by presenting a combined approach for determining a ZIP model based on an exponential model. A future goal will be the usage of measurements currently available by smart metering applications which is discussed in the paper.
Affine flag varieties and quantum symmetric pairs

The quantum groups of finite and affine type $A$ admit geometric realizations in terms of partial flag varieties of finite and affine type $A$ Recently, the quantum group associated to partial flag varieties of finite type $B/C$ is shown to be a coideal subalgebra of the quantum group of finite type $A$ In this paper we study the structures of Schur algebras and Lusztig algebras associated to (four variants of) partial flag varieties of affine type $C$ We show that the quantum groups arising from Lusztig algebras and Schur algebras via stabilization procedures are (idempotented) coideal subalgebras of quantum groups of affine \mathfrak{sl} and \mathfrak{gl} types, respectively. In this way, we provide geometric realizations of eight quantum symmetric pairs of affine types. We construct monomial and canonical bases of all these quantum (Schur, Lusztig, and coideal) algebras. For the idempotented coideal algebras of affine \mathfrak{sl} type, we establish the positivity properties of the canonical basis with respect to multiplication, comultiplication and a bilinear pairing. In particular, we obtain a new and geometric construction of the idempotented quantum affine \mathfrak{gl} and its canonical basis.
Categorification of quantum symmetric pairs I

We categorify a coideal subalgebra of the quantum group of \mathfrak{sl}_{2r+1} by introducing a $2$ category a la Khovanov Lauda Rouquier, and show that self dual indecomposable $1$ morphisms categorify the canonical basis of this algebra. This allows us to define a categorical action of this coideal algebra on the categories of modules over cohomology rings of partial flag varieties and on the BGG category \mathcal{O} of type B/C.
Market and Labour Control in Digital Capitalism

Theorists of post capitalism have recently argued for a more or less inevitable end to capitalism. They assume that private accumulation is systematically blocked by the inability of capitalist corporations to create revenues by setting prices as they lose control over the reproduction of their commodities and that in this process, capitalist labour will eventually disappear. Drawing on a case study of Amazon and thoughts on the policies of other leading digital corporations, we challenge these assumptions. Key corporate players of digitization are trying to become powerful monopolies and have partly succeeded in doing so, using the network effects and scaling opportunities of digital goods and building socio technical ecosystems. These strategies have led to the development of in part isomorphic structures, hence creating a situation of oligopolistic market competition. We draw on basic assumptions of monopoly capital theory to argue that in this situation labour process rationalization becomes key to the corporation's competitive strategies. We see the expansion of digital control and the organizational structures applied by key corporate players of the digital economy as evidence for the expansion of capitalist labour, not its reduction.
Abrupt Bolling warming and ice saddle collapse contributions to the Meltwater Pulse 1a rapid sea level rise
Venue: Geophysical research letters

Elucidating the source(s) of Meltwater Pulse 1a, the largest rapid sea level rise caused by ice melt (14 18 m in less than 340 years, 14,600 years ago) is important for understanding mechanisms of rapid ice melt and the links with abrupt climate change. Here we quantify how much and by what mechanisms the North American ice sheet could have contributed to Meltwater Pulse 1a, by driving an ice sheet model with two transient climate simulations of the last 21,000 years. Ice sheet perturbed physics ensembles were run to account for model uncertainties, constraining ice extent and volume with reconstructions of 21,000 years ago to present. We determine that the North American ice sheet produced 3 4 m global mean sea level rise in 340 years due to the abrupt Bolling warming, but this response is amplified to 5 6 m when it triggers the ice sheet saddle collapse.
Travail et banalite du mal. Le concept arendtien de travail

Le concept arendtien de travail est ici envisage a travers le prolongement qu'il trouve, depuis la distinction entre travail labor dans le texte original anglais) oeuvre et action elaboree dans Condition de l'homme moderne, dans les reflexions de Eichmann a Jerusalem. De l'un a l'autre ouvrage, en effet, il y a le passage de l'exigence de penser ce que nous faisons programmatique de Condition de l'homme moderne, a la lecon tiree du proces Eichmann le mal peut etre fait sans y penser. A condition de maintenir l'artifice conceptuel d'une stricte reduction de la polysemie du terme travail au seul sens du labeur, il apparait que la protestation de Arendt contre une reduction de l'activite a la necessite vitale ne heurte pas le cadre d'analyse de la psychodynamique du travail bien au contraire. De meme que la formule de la banalite du mal le concept arendtien de travail peut etre d'une grande pertinence pour decrire les effets deleteres du neomanagement.
Linear Stochastic Systems: A Geometric Approach to Modeling, Estimation and Identification

Geometry of Second Order Random Processes. Spectral Representation of Stationary Processes. Innovations, Wold Decomposition, and Spectral Factorization. Wold Decomposition and Spectral Factorization in Continuous Time. Linear Finite Dimensional Stochastic Systems. The Geometry of Splitting Subspaces. Markovian Representations. Proper Markovian Representations in Hardy Space. Stochastic Realization Theory in Continuous Time. Stochastic Balancing and Model Reduction. Finite Interval Stochastic Realization and Partial Realization Theory. Subspace Identification for Time Series. Zero Dynamics and the Geometry of the Riccati Inequality. Smoothing and Interpolation. Acausal Linear Stochastic Models and Spectral Factorization. Stochastic Systems with Inputs. Appendix A. Basic Principles of Deterministic Realization Theory.  Some Topics in Linear Algebra and Hilbert Space Theory