nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Online Distribution Strategies: A Mix of Globalization and Diversification in the Fashion Market

The growing importance of online channels, social media, and mobile commerce (m commerce) has given rise to new retail formats, that use only channel used and which have enabled many new consumers to access certain establishments despite geographical barriers. The fashion sector may be one of the most heavily affected by these developments, due to the highly seasonal nature of the products, keen competitive rivalry, widespread reliance on outsourcing, high brand power variety of pricing policies, and strong emotional implications for consumers, who identify with specific brands. This chapter aims at analyzing the main strategies that retail operators are currently following in the industry in order to differentiate from other retailers. A special interest will be placed on the role of the brand, examining how retailers in the industry use private labels as a differentiation resource. The authors also review the case of ASOS, a global retailer which has proven able to adapt to every market, with a view to determining how it has dealt with the myriad challenges involved
Investor sentiment, limits on arbitrage, and the performance of cross country stock market anomalies

The behavioral finance view of anomalies suggests that mispricing stems from investor irrationality that could not easily be arbitraged away. We test the implications of this concept at the country level. This study examines whether market wide measures of investor sentiment and arbitrage constraints affect the performance of cross country stock market anomalies. Thus, we first categorize and replicate at the country level a set of 50 parallels of stock level anomalies documented in the academic literature. Having determined 15 of them to be reliable and robust sources of return, we investigate their relationship to the limits on arbitrage and market wide sentiment. We observe that variation in market sentiment plays an important role in returns on cross country value strategies, whereas tight arbitrage conditions negatively influence momentum profits.
Internet of things enabled real time water quality monitoring system

Smart solutions for water quality monitoring are gaining importance with advancement in communication technology. This paper presents a detailed overview of recent works carried out in the field of smart water quality monitoring. Also, a power efficient, simpler solution for in pipe water quality monitoring based on Internet of Things technology is presented. The model developed is used for testing water samples and the data uploaded over the Internet are analyzed. The system also provides an alert to a remote user, when there is a deviation of water quality parameters from the pre defined set of standard values.
Japanese English Machine Translation of Recipe Texts
Venue: WAT@COLING

Concomitant with the globalization of food culture, demand for the recipes of specialty dishes has been increasing. The recent growth in recipe sharing websites and food blogs has resulted in numerous recipe texts being available for diverse foods in various languages. However, little work has been done on machine translation of recipe texts. In this paper, we address the task of translating recipes and investigate the advantages and disadvantages of traditional phrase based statistical machine translation and more recent neural machine translation. Specifically, we translate Japanese recipes into English, analyze errors in the translated recipes, and discuss available room for improvements.
Preferences of Electric Buses in Public Transport; Conclusions from Real Life Testing in Eight Swedish Municipalities

Between 1950 and 2013 the total amount of Swedish travelling has increased from about 20 billion to about 140 billion passenger kilometers. This included an increase in travelling with private cars from about 3 billion to about 105 billion passenger kilometers, and in bus travelling from about 2.5 billion to about 5 billion passenger kilometers. The European commission has indicated that public transportation (if powered by clean fuels) is a suitable way to reduce environmental and health problems. This thesis focuses on sustainable personal road transport, and aims to develop and test a new approach to examining the economic and socio ecological sustainability effects of various road vehicles for private travelling and related business models. A special focus is set on comparing various bus systems for public transport and ways (business models) for private people to access cars. The main comparison parameters are the total cost of ownership and carbon dioxide emissions of different energy carriers for buses and cars.  The approach also builds on the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development, which includes, for example, principles that define any sustainable future and a strategic planning process. The approach first employs Strategic Life Cycle Assessment to give a quick overview of sustainability challenges in each bus life cycle stage from raw materials to end of life. Several analysis tools such as Life Cycle Costing, Life Cycle Analysis, Product Service System, and Business Model Canvas mapping are then iteratively used to "dig deeper" into identified prioritized challenges. Literature reviews, interviews, and simulations are used as supporting methods. The results from a first theoretical test of the new approach suggest that a shift from diesel buses to electric buses (powered by renewable energy) could significantly lower carbon dioxide emissions, while also significantly lowering the total cost of ownership. The theoretical calculations were followed up by testing of electric buses in real operation in eight Swedish municipalities. The tests verified the theoretical results, and showed that electric buses are better than diesel buses both from a sustainability point of view and a cost point of view, and also that electric bus operation is a practically viable alternative for public transport. The new approach was tested also by comparing a variety of business models for private car travelling. The results indicate, among other things, that only people who travel more than 13.500 kilometers per year would benefit from owning a car. In all, the thesis suggests a simultaneous shift from diesel buses to electric buses in public transport and, for the majority of the car drivers that drive less than 13.500 kilometers per year, switching from car ownership to car use services would be favourable for an affordable transition of the transport sector towards sustainability.
Integration between electric vehicle charging and PV system to increase self consumption of an office application

The paper analyzes the introduction of a photovoltaic system satisfying electric, space heating and cooling demand of an office building located in southern Italy. The electric load is due to an electric heat pump, used to satisfy space heating and cooling load, a pure electric demand (personal computers, printers, lighting, etc. and an electric vehicle charged during working hours. Dynamic simulations to evaluate the energy and environmental performance of the analyzed system considering different photovoltaic peak powers (4.5 9.0 kW) electric vehicle distance per day (40 120 km) and charging mode is carried out. The solar based system shows primary energy saving and equivalent carbon dioxide emission reduction higher than 40% in comparison to the reference conventional system based on a natural gas fired boiler, an electric chiller and a diesel car. The results highlight that the solar energy system is more competitive when DC charging system is provided.
Palonosetron attenuates 1,2 dimethyl hydrazine induced preneoplastic colon damage through downregulating acetylcholinesterase expression and up regulating synaptic acetylcholine concentration

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of palonosetron (PAL) against 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced colon cancer. Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (n 8) Group 1 served as normal control (1 mM EDTA saline, 2 ml per kg per day, s.c. group 2 toxic control; group 2, 3 and 4 received DMH (20 mg per kg per week, s.c. for 6 weeks; groups 3 and 4 also received PAL (0.25 and 0.50 mg per kg per day, p.o) for 6 weeks. DMH treated rats showed altered heart rate variability (HRV) factors, increased incidence of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) distorted antioxidant markers (TBAR's, SOD, catalase, GSH) and increased levels inflammatory markers (COX) The colonic surface architecture, studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed aberrant crypts (500x) and preneoplastic nodules (2000x) PAL treatment helped to minimize the ACF count, and restored oxidative and inflammatory markers favorably. To further validate our results, we directed our study to define the effect of PAL on acetylcholine (Ach) neurotransmission using a simple model organism, C. elegans. Increased cholinergic transmission by PAL (8 mM) was evident in the worms when studied through an aldicarb assay. However, PAL (2 mM, 4 mM and 8 mM) treatment negatively modulated nAchR, when evaluated using the levamisole assay. The increased synaptic Ach levels can be attributed to the decreased levels of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) which could be attributed to the decreased genomic levels of ace 1 and ace 2. The above findings were also supported by the fact, that we observed decreased AchE activity in PAL treated rats. In addition the downregulation in the expression of unc 38 (one of the necessary components of nAchR) sufficiently links with the decreased nAchR activity. Our findings emphasize the potential role of PAL in the suppression of colon carcinogenesis.
Parallelization of the next Closure algorithm for generating the minimum set of implication rules
Venue: Artif. Intell. Res.

This paper addresses the problem of handling dense contexts of high dimensionality in the number of objects, which is still an open problem in formal concept analysis. The generation of minimal implication basis in contexts with such characteristics is investigated, where the \textit{NextClosure} algorithm is employed in obtaining the rules. Therefore, this work makes use of parallel computing as a means to reduce the prohibitive times observed in scenarios where the input context has high density and high dimensionality. The sequential and parallel versions of the \textit{NextClosure} algorithm applied to generating implications are employed. The experiments show a reduction of approximately 75\ in execution time in the contexts of greater size and density, which attests to the viability of the strategy presented in this work.
Co doping of Al and Bi to control the transport properties for improving thermoelectric performance of Mg2Si

We investigated the thermoelectric properties of Al and Bi co doped Mg 2 Si polycrystalline bulks fabricated using a solid state reaction combined with the spark plasma sintering technique. Through controlled doping of Al and Bi, the power factor could be enhanced due to an increase in the Seebeck coefficient benefiting from an enhancement of the density of states effective mass. The lattice thermal conductivity was reduced due to intensified point defect phonon scattering originating from the mass difference between the host Si atoms and Bi dopants. By these synergetic effects, the dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) of 1.02 was obtained at 873 K.
Unraveling the origins of conduction band valley degeneracies in Mg2Si(1 x)Sn(x) thermoelectrics.
Venue: Physical chemistry chemical physics PCCP

To better understand the thermoelectric efficiency of the Mg based thermoelectrics, using hybrid density functional theory, we study the microscopic origins of valley degeneracies in the conduction band of the solid solution Mg2Si(1 x)Sn(x) and its constituent components namely, Mg2Si and Mg2Sn. In the solid solution of Mg2Si(1 x)Sn(x) the sublattices are expected to undergo either tensile or compressive strain in the light of Vegard's law. Interestingly, we find both tensile strain of Mg2Si and compressive strain of Mg2Sn enhance the conduction band valley degeneracy. We suggest that the optimal sublattice strain as one of the origins of the enhanced Seebeck coefficient in the Mg2Si(1 x)Sn(x) system. In order to visualize the enhanced band valley degeneracy at elevated temperatures, the ground state eigenvalues and weights are projected by convolution functions that account for high temperature effects. Our results provide theoretical evidences for the role of sublattice strain in the band valley degeneracy observed in Mg2Si(1 x)Sn(x)
Oxidation suppression characteristics of the YSZ coating on Mg2Si thermoelectric legs

Oxide based coating layers were investigated to suppress the oxidation of an intermediate temperature thermoelectric module that operates in a temperature range of 300 700 degC. Four different oxides [alumina (Al 2 O 3 yttria (Y 2 O 3 8 mol% yttria stabilized zirconia (Y 2 O 3 0.08 (ZrO 2 0.92 YSZ) and 20 mol% samaria doped ceria (Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 SDC) were coated onto Mg 2 Si thermoelectric leg surfaces and their anti oxidation characteristics were compared. While Al 2 O 3 Y 2 O 3 and SDC layers failed to prevent the progression of oxidation of the thermoelectric Mg 2 Si surface at 700 degC, YSZ showed potential as an anti oxidation coating layer for intermediate temperature thermoelectric modules. The apparent oxidation suppression characteristics of the YSZ layer on the Mg 2 Si thermoelectric material were studied by a microstructural investigation of the interface between the coated layer and the thermoelectric material. The reliability of the YSZ coating structure was investigated via thermal cycling tests from room temperature to 600 degC. The practical adaptability of the YSZ anti oxidation coating in terms of use for thermoelectric power generation modules is discussed in detail with the results of variation in contact resistance.
Thermal Transport Driven by Extraneous Nanoparticles and Phase Segregation in Nanostructured Mg2(Si,Sn) and Estimation of Optimum Thermoelectric Performance.
Venue: ACS applied materials interfaces

Solid solutions of magnesium silicide and magnesium stannide were recently reported to have high thermoelectric figure of merits (ZT) due to remarkably low thermal conductivity, which was conjectured to come from phonon scattering by segregated Mg2Si and Mg2Sn phases without detailed study. However, it is essential to identify the main cause for further improving ZT as well as estimating its upper bound. Here we synthesized Mg2(Si,Sn) with nanoparticles and segregated phases, and theoretically analyzed and estimated the thermal conductivity upon segregated fraction and extraneous nanoparticle addition by fitting experimentally obtained thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and thermopower. In opposition to the previous speculation that segregated phases intensify phonon scattering, we found that lattice thermal conductivity was increased by the phase segregation, which is difficult to avoid due to the miscibility gap. We selected extraneous TiO2 nanoparticles dissimilar to the host materials as additives to reduce lattice thermal conductivity. Our experimental results showed the maximum ZT was improved from ~0.9 without the nanoparticles to ~1.1 with 2 and 5 vol TiO2 nanoparticles at 550 degC. According to our theoretical analysis, this ZT increase by the nanoparticle addition mainly comes from suppressed lattice thermal conductivity in addition to lower bipolar thermal conductivity at high temperatures. The upper bound of ZT was predicted to be ~1.8 for the ideal case of no phase segregation and addition of 5 vol TiO2 nanoparticles. We believe this study offers a new direction toward improved thermoelectric performance of Mg2(Si,Sn)
Thermoelectric properties of materials near the band crossing line in Mg2Sn Mg2Ge Mg2Si system

Thermoelectric properties of materials with compositions on and near the band crossing line connecting Mg2Sn0.765Ge0.22Sb0.015 and Mg2Sn0.685Si0.3Sb0.015 in the Mg2Sn Mg2Ge Mg2Si system are investigated. Although ZTs are very similar, power factors are different. On the line, the power factor decreases from Mg2Sn0.765Ge0.22Sb0.015 to Mg2Sn0.685Si0.3Sb0.015, and off the line, the power factor also decreases. The output power and energy conversion efficiency are calculated using engineering power factor (PF)eng and figure of merit (ZT)eng. It is shown that although similar energy conversion efficiency of ~11% could be achieved for all compositions studied, the output power are different, increasing from ~9.1 W cm 2 for Mg2Sn0.685Si0.3Sb0.015 to ~10.3 W cm 2 for Mg2Sn0.765Ge0.22Sb0.015, due to the different power factors.
On the way to enhance the optical absorption of a Si in NIR by embedding Mg2Si thin film

Mg2Si thin film was embedded in amorphous silicon matrix by solid phase epitaxy. The structure and optical properties were investigated by electron energy loss, X ray photoelectron, Raman, and photo thermal deflection spectroscopy measurements. It was found that in the photon energy range of 0.8 1.7 eV, the light absorption of the structure with magnesium silicide (Mg2Si) film embedded in a Si(i) matrix is 1.5 times higher than that for the same structure without Mg2Si.
Landscape of somatic mutations in 560 breast cancer whole genome sequences
Venue: Nature

We analysed whole genome sequences of 560 breast cancers to advance understanding of the driver mutations conferring clonal advantage and the mutational processes generating somatic mutations. 93 protein coding cancer genes carried likely driver mutations. Some non coding regions exhibited high mutation frequencies but most have distinctive structural features probably causing elevated mutation rates and do not harbour driver mutations. Mutational signature analysis was extended to genome rearrangements and revealed 12 base substitution and six rearrangement signatures. Three rearrangement signatures, characterised by tandem duplications or deletions, appear associated with defective homologous recombination based DNA repair: one with deficient BRCA1 function; another with deficient BRCA1 or BRCA2 function; the cause of the third is unknown. This analysis of all classes of somatic mutation across exons, introns and intergenic regions highlights the repertoire of cancer genes and mutational processes operative, and progresses towards a comprehensive account of the somatic genetic basis of breast cancer.
The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: Proposals for Revision of the TNM Stage Groupings in the Forthcoming (Eighth) Edition of the TNM Classification for Lung Cancer
Venue: Journal of thoracic oncology official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer

Staging and Prognostic Factors Committee has collected a new database of 94,708 cases donated from 35 sources in 16 countries around the globe. This has now been analysed by our statistical partners at Cancer Research And Biostatistics and, in close collaboration with the members of the committee proposals have been developed for the T, N, and M categories of the 8th edition of the TNM Classification for lung cancer due to be published late 2016. In this publication we describe the methods used to evaluate the resultant Stage groupings and the proposals put forward for the 8th edition.
Alectinib in Crizotinib Refractory ALK Rearranged Non Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase II Global Study.
Venue: Journal of clinical oncology official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

Crizotinib confers improved progression free survival compared with chemotherapy in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearranged non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but progression invariably occurs. We investigated the efficacy and safety of alectinib, a potent and selective ALK inhibitor with excellent CNS penetration, in patients with crizotinib refractory ALK positive NSCLC.  Alectinib 600 mg was administered orally twice daily. The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR) by central independent review committee (IRC) RESULTS Of the 138 patients treated, 84 patients (61% had CNS metastases at baseline, and 122 were response evaluable (RE) by IRC. ORR by IRC was 50% (95% CI, 41% to 59% and the median duration of response (DOR) was 11.2 months (95% CI, 9.6 months to not reached) In 96 patients (79% previously treated with chemotherapy, the ORR was 45% (95% CI, 35% to 55% Median IRC assessed progression free survival for all 138 patients was 8.9 months (95% CI, 5.6 to 11.3 months) CNS disease control rate was 83% (95% CI, 74% to 91% and the median CNS DOR was 10.3 months (95% CI, 7.6 to 11.2 months) CNS ORR in 35 patients with baseline measurable CNS lesions was 57% (95% CI, 39% to 74% Of the 23 patients with baseline CNS metastases (measurable or nonmeasurable) and no prior radiation, 10 (43% had a complete CNS response. At 12 months, the cumulative CNS progression rate (24.8% was lower than the cumulative non CNS progression rate (33.2% for all patients. Common adverse events were constipation (33% fatigue (26% and peripheral edema (25% most were grade 1 to 2.  Alectinib is highly active and well tolerated in patients with advanced, crizotinib refractory ALK positive NSCLC, including those with CNS metastases.
2016 ACC/AHA Guideline Focused Update on Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines.
Venue: Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Jonathan L. Halperin, MD, FACC, FAHA, Chair Glenn N. Levine, MD, FACC, FAHA, Chair Elect Sana M. Al Khatib, MD, MHS, FACC, FAHA Kim K. Birtcher, PharmD, MS, AACC Biykem Bozkurt, MD, PhD, FACC, FAHA Ralph G. Brindis, MD, MPH, MACC, FAHA Joaquin E. Cigarroa, MD, FACC Lesley H. Curtis, PhD,
The climate response of the Indo Pacific warm pool to glacial sea level

Growing climate proxy evidence suggests that changes in sea level are important drivers of tropical climate change on glacial interglacial time scales. These paleodata suggest that rainfall patterns over the Indo Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) are highly sensitive to the landmass configuration of the Maritime Continent, and that lowered sea level contributed to large scale drying during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ca. 21,000 years before present) Using the Community Earth System Model Version 1.2 (CESM1) we investigate in detail the mechanisms by which lowered sea level influenced the climate of the IPWP during the LGM. The CESM1 simulations show that, in agreement with previous hypotheses, changes in atmospheric circulation are initiated by the exposure of the Sunda and Sahul shelves. Ocean dynamical processes amplify the changes in atmospheric circulation by increasing the east west sea surface temperature (SST) gradient along the equatorial Indian Ocean. The coupled mechanism driving this response is akin to the Bjerknes feedback, and results in a large scale climatic reorganization over the Indian Ocean with impacts extending from east Africa to the western tropical Pacific. Exposure of Sahul shelf and the associated changes in surface albedo play a key role because it is more effective at exciting the positive feedback than exposure of the Sunda shelf. This mechanism could explain the pattern of dry (wet) eastern (western) Indian Ocean identified in climate proxies and LGM simulations. However, this response also requires a strengthened SST gradient along the equatorial Indian Ocean, and it is currently unclear whether this is detectable in marine paleoreconstructions. Strategies to resolve this issue are discussed.