nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Seeing double: a nation of twins from sea to shining sea.
Venue: American journal of obstetrics and gynecology

n Dec. 23, 2015, the Division of Vital Statistics of the It was not until 1986 that the national twin birth rate began O National Centers for Health Statistics reported that the 2014 national twin birth rate reached an all time high of 33.9 per 1000 live births. The report went on to state that this latest record "was not significantly higher than the rate for 2013" but that it represented "a new high for the nation." The corresponding figure for non Hispanic black mothers stood at 40 per 1000 live births. The adverse consequences of a rising national twin birth rate cannot be overstated. Notably, 11% and 59% of the twins comprising the 2014 cohort were born "very preterm" 1 of every 2 twins born in 2014 was either preterm or low birthweight. A total of 18 states registered twin birth rates in excess of the overall national figure. New Jersey, Massachusetts, and Connecticut, all home to state mandated underwriting of infertility care, led the way with rates of 43.1, 42.8, and 40.5 per 1000 live births, respectively. The lowest twin birth rates were noted in Arizona, Arkansas, Oklahoma, and South Dakota (28.5, 28.8, 29.7, and 29.7 per 1000 live births, respectively) It is the purpose of this commentary to describe the ontogeny of the twin births "epidemic," define the forces that have shaped it, and highlight potential remedies.
Inhibition of c FLIPL expression by miRNA 708 increases the sensitivity of renal cancer cells to anti cancer drugs
Venue: Oncotarget

Dysregulation of the anti apoptotic protein, cellular FLICE like inhibitory protein (c FLIP) has been associated with tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in various human cancers. Therefore, c FLIP is an excellent target for therapeutic intervention. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non coding RNAs that are involved in tumorigenesis, tumor suppression, and resistance or sensitivity to anti cancer drugs. However, whether miRNAs can suppress c FLIPL expression in cancer cells is unclear. The aim of this study was to identify miRNAs that could inhibit the growth of renal cancer cells and induce cell death by inhibiting c FLIPL expression. We found that MiRNA 708 and c FLIPL expression were inversely correlated. While c FLIPL expression was upregulated, miRNA 708 was rarely expressed in renal cancer cells. Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that miRNA 708 negatively regulated c FLIPL expression by binding to the miRNA 708 binding site in the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of c FLIPL. Ectopic expression of miRNA 708 increased the accumulation of sub G1 populations and cleavage of procaspase 3 and PARP, which could be prevented by pretreatment with the pan caspase inhibitor, Z VAD. Ectopic expression of miRNA 708 also increased the sensitivity to various apoptotic stimuli such as tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand, doxorubicin (Dox) and thapsigargin in Caki cells. Interestingly, miRNA 708 specifically repressed c FLIPL without any change in c FLIPs expression. In contrast, inhibition of endogenous miRNA 708 using antago miRNAs resulted in an increase in c FLIPL protein expression. The expression of c FLIPL was upregulated in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues compared to normal tissues. In contrast, miRNA 708 expression was reduced in RCC tissues. Finally, miRNA 708 enhanced the tumor suppressive effect of Dox in a xenograft model of human RCC. In conclusion, miRNA 708 acts as a tumor suppressor because it negatively regulates the anti apoptotic protein c FLIPL and regulates the sensitivity of renal cancer cells to various apoptotic stimuli.
The association between taxation increases and changes in alcohol consumption and traffic fatalities in Thailand.
Venue: Journal of public health

In 2005, 2007 and 2009, alcohol taxation rates changed in Thailand. It is unknown if these changes are associated with alcohol consumption and traffic fatality rates.  Using monthly data from October 2004 to September 2011, we examined the relationship between alcohol taxation rate changes adjusted for inflation and changes in adult per capita consumption of alcohol (data obtained from the Excise Department) and the rate of traffic fatalities (data obtained from the National Police Institute)  Only the taxation increase in 2009 was significantly associated with an immediate and sustained reduction of 0.38 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.24 0.52) fatalities per 100 000 people per 30 days. The 2005, 2007 and 2009 taxation increases were associated with immediate and sustained reductions of 0.07 (95% CI: 0.04 0.09) 0.06 (95% CI: 0.02 0.10) and 0.05 (95% CI: 0.01 0.09) litres of pure alcohol consumption per capita per 30 days, respectively.  This is the first study to examine the impact of taxation on alcohol related harms in a low to middle income country. Taxation changes were associated with reductions in the rate of traffic fatalities and in alcohol consumption; however, reductions of traffic fatalities were not always significant.
A systematic review and meta analysis of the antibiotic treatment for infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: an update
Venue: Animal Health Research Reviews

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) is a common and important disease of calves. Without effective vaccines, antibiotic therapy is often implemented to minimize the impact of IBK. This review updates a previously published systematic review regarding comparative efficacy for antibiotic treatments of IBK. Available years of Centre for Biosciences and Agriculture International and MEDLINE databases were searched, including non English results. Also searched were the American Association of Bovine Practitioners and World Buiatrics Congress conference proceedings from 1996 to 2016, reviews since 2013, reference lists from relevant trials, and U.S. Food and Drug Administration New Animal Drug Application summaries. Eligible studies assessed antibiotic treatment of naturally occurring IBK in calves randomly allocated to group at the individual level. Outcomes of interest were clinical score, healing time, unhealed ulcer risk, and ulcer surface area. A mixed effects model comparing active drug with placebo was employed for all outcomes. Heterogeneity was assessed visually and using Cochran's Q test. Thirteen trials assessing nine treatments were included. Compared with placebo, most antibiotic treatments were effective. There was evidence that the treatment effect differed by day of outcome measurement. Visually, the largest differences were observed 7 14 days post treatment. These results indicate improved IBK healing with many antibiotics and suggest the need for randomized trials comparing different antibiotic treatments.
Optimal Treatment for Complicated Intra abdominal Infections in the Era of Antibiotic Resistance: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Combined Therapy With Metronidazole
Venue: Open forum infectious diseases

A meta analysis of 8 clinical trials revealed that combined therapy with metronidazole is as effective and safe as carbapenem monotherapy in treating cIAIs. With a rise of Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae, combined therapy with metronidazole can be an alternative therapy for cIAIs.
Scientific Methodological Basis of the Risk Management Implementation for Companies' Capital Structure Optimization

The relevance of studying the issues related to the risk management implementation for companies' financial management system advancement is explained with the research among scientific methodological studies and commercial enterprises' practical activities of some ways to optimize the capital structure taking into account various factors that impact on this structure. There are no methodological and practical guidelines for solving the given problems. Basing on the employment of the theory empiric methods of investigation a unifying model of commercial enterprises' risks evaluation and management has been developed. The novelty of the investigation results consists in working out a matrix of the main reasons for analyzed risks arising and of a relationship model "risk reason" that helps to estimate the most important causes for each basic risk and to evaluate the probability of every cause occurrence. Moreover, the authors have proposed and described a relationship matrix "risk reason" find out a critical cause having the greatest impact on the company's activity riskiness, put the causes in order of occurrence frequency, set a rating for the essentiality of the cause impact on company's activity risk. Applying the methodological approaches of the risk management implementation for companies' capital structure optimization for real business would let to improve the financial management efficiency leading to the raise of enterprise business performance results.
Domain Adaptation of Recurrent Neural Networks for Natural Language Understanding
Venue: INTERSPEECH

The goal of this paper is to use multi task learning to efficiently scale slot filling models for natural language understanding to handle multiple target tasks or domains. The key to scalability is reducing the amount of training data needed to learn a model for a new task. The proposed multi task model delivers better performance with less data by leveraging patterns that it learns from the other tasks. The approach supports an open vocabulary, which allows the models to generalize to unseen words, which is particularly important when very little training data is used. A newly collected crowd sourced data set, covering four different domains, is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the domain adaptation and open vocabulary techniques.
Legal Aspects of the Implementation of European Union's Common Commercial Policy: Lithuanian Experience and Practice

Implementation of this policy is characterized by the fact that it is based on an exclusive competence of the EU, which after the Treaty of Lisbon (2009) became even more apparent. Therefore the countries of the EU should follow the same legal principles and rules in the regulation of their foreign trade, that is to apply the uniform EU rules on the calculation of customs duties and determination of the customs origin of goods, customs valuation and tariff classification of goods (Common Customs Tariff) However, implementation of these provisions is always experiencing stress due to the different interests of the EU Member States and the different national practices, especially when the administration of customs duties is actually implemented only at the level of individual EU Member States. Therefore the aim of the article is to assess the implementation of the EU's CCP from the perspective of the EU Member State (Lithuania) and to describe existing discrepancies which may serve as an obstacle for the development of common regulatory regime for import customs duties in the EU or hinder its main economic goals in international trade. Analysis of relevant scientific problems is mainly based on the comparative method (comparison of the practice of the national courts in the Republic of Lithuania and the Court of Justice of the European Union in disputes related to the functioning of the EU's customs union) and generalization of professional experience (national and EU judicial practice) The research leads to the conclusion that a uniform implementation of Common Commercial Policy and the Common Customs Tariff, as its main element, is not fully ensured on the practical level from the perspective of certain Member States (i.e. Lithuania)
Pill Burden Influences the Association Between Time Based Prospective Memory and Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Younger But Not Older HIV Infected Adults
Venue: The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care JANAC

&NA; Prospective memory (PM) is associated with antiretroviral (ARV) adherence in HIV, but little is known about how pill burden and age might affect this association. One hundred seventeen older =50 years) and 82 younger <50 years) HIV infected adults were administered a measure of PM in the laboratory and subsequently were monitored for ARV adherence for 30 days using the Medication Event Monitoring System. In the older group, better time based PM performance was associated with higher likelihood of adherence, irrespective of pill burden. Within the younger sample, time based PM was positively related to adherence only in participants with lower pill burdens. Younger HIV infected individuals with higher pill burdens may overcome the normal effects of time based PM on adherence through compensatory medication taking strategies, whereas suboptimal use of these strategies by younger HIV infected individuals with lower pill burdens may heighten their risk of ARV nonadherence secondary to deficits in time based PM.
Conditional knockout of collecting duct bradykinin B2 receptors exacerbates angiotensin II induced hypertension during high salt intake
Venue: Clinical and experimental hypertension

We elucidated the role of collecting duct kinin B2 receptor (B2R) in the development of salt sensitivity and angiotensin II (ANG II) induced hypertension. To this end, we used a Cre Lox recombination strategy to generate mice lacking Bdkrb2 gene for B2R in the collecting duct (Hoxb7 Cretg/:Bdkrb2flox/flox) In 3 groups of control (Bdkrb2flox/flox) and 3 groups of UBBdkrb2 mice, systolic blood pressure (SBP) responses to high salt intake (4 or 8% NaCl; HS) were monitored by radiotelemetry in comparison with standard salt diet (0.4% NaCl) prior to and during subcutaneous ANG II infusion (1000 ng/min/kg) via osmotic minipumps. High salt intakes alone for 2 weeks did not alter SBP in either strain. ANG II significantly increased SBP equally in control (121 2 to 156 3 mmHg) and UBBdkrb2 mice (120 2 to 153 2 mmHg) The development of ANG II induced hypertension was exacerbated by 4%HS in both control (125 3 to 164 5 mmHg) and UBBdkrb2 mice (124 2 to 162 3 mmHg) during 2 weeks. Interestingly, 8%HS caused a more profound and earlier ANG II induced hypertension in UBBdkrb2 (129 2 to 166 3 mmHg) as compared to control (128 2 to 158 2 mmHg) and it was accompanied by body weight loss and increased mortality. In conclusion, targeted inactivation of B2R in the renal collecting duct does not cause salt sensitivity; however, collecting duct B2R attenuates the hypertensive actions of ANG II under conditions of very high salt intake.
Effect of Vibration on Pain Response to Heel Lance: A Pilot Randomized Control Trial.
Venue: Advances in neonatal care official journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses

Applied mechanical vibration in pediatric and adult populations has been shown to be an effective analgesic for acute and chronic pain, including needle pain. Studies among the neonatal population are lacking. According to the Gate Control Theory, it is expected that applied mechanical vi
Consideraciones para la toma de decisiones oportunas ante el colico equino: ?manejo medico o quirurgico?

El sindrome de abdomen agudo (SAA) es una condicion clinica con fuerte impacto en la sanidad equina, debido a la alta morbimortalidad que lo caracteriza. Multiples modelos experimentales se han desarrollado para establecer relaciones causales entre la presentacion de alteraciones en el abdomen y la severidad del colico equino. La investigacion constantemente intenta crear protocolos de atencion oportuna y precisa, con el fin de disminuir la tasa de mortalidad. Estos protocolos buscan reducir las imprecisiones en el plan terapeutico, sobre todo cuando debido a la severidad del sindrome se requiere intervenir quirurgicamente al equino. Entre los parametros incluidos en los protocolos de clasificacion del SAA o colico se encuentran biomarcadores de lesion como el lactato, el cortisol, el dimero D, entre otros, y signos clinicos caracteristicos agrupados en tablas de calificacion. Los parametros mayormente asociados con la decision terapeutica son intensidad del dolor y respuesta a la terapia analgesica, aunque puede acompanarse en orden de sensibilidad, de la auscultacion abdominal y palpacion transrectal, naturalmente fortalecidos por el examen clinico completo. El uso de tablas de calificacion auxilia la atencion medica en favor de un abordaje terapeutico rapido y acertado.
Analysis on nonlinear stiffness and vibration isolation performance of scissor like structure with full types

Due to its simple structure and good deployable characteristics, scissor like structure (SLS) is widely used in many fields, such as mechanical engineering, structure engineering, and aerospace engineering. Because of its inherent structural characteristics, a SLS can possess superior nonlinearities both in equivalent stiffness and damping only with linear component. It also has high loading capacity and excellent equilibrium stability. Thus, it is promising as a vibration isolator. Based on recent findings, a theoretical study is herein executed to build up a universal stiffness model of full types of SLS (including 6 assembly types) considering mass of scissor arm, Coulomb and viscous friction forces in joint parts. Plus more, perturbation method (PM) and average method (AM) are applied to investigate vibration isolation performances of SLS with different assembly types and installation parameters and to compare them with known quasi zero stiffness vibration isolators in the literature. Finally, a simulation is done to testify the presented findings and to compare them with former studies. It is shown that: without changing its overall structure and outside dimensions, a SLS vibration isolator can have significantly different nonlinear stiffness for specific nonlinear characteristics only through adjusting assembly type, installation parameters, and initial deformation of its linear component. Since allowable workspace of a vibration isolator is always limited by isolation object and its surrounding structure, this finding indicates a new way to design and modify vibration isolation performance of a system. It will greatly expand application of SLS in vibration isolation.
Studi Laju Transpirasi Peltophorum dassyrachis dan Gliricidia sepium Pada Sistem Budidaya Tanaman Pagar Serta Pengaruhnya Terhadap Konduktivitas Hidrolik Tidak Jenuh

Laju transpirasi tanaman bervariasi dengan karakter vegetasi, karakter tanah, lingkungan dan budidaya tanaman. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari perbedaan kadar lengas tanah dan laju transpirasi tanaman pagar, dan pengaruh laju transpirasi tanaman terhadap konduktivitas hidrolik tidak jenuh. Studi ini dilakukan di Daerah Karta, Lampung Utara, Indonesia selama tiga bulan. Studi ini menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi, dengan dua perlakuan petak utama (jenis tanaman pagar) yaitu Peltophorum dassyrachis P dan Gliricidia sepium G Dua perlakuan (anak petak) adalah jarak tanaman 40 cm A dan 120 cm B Masing masing perlakuan ini diulang empat kali. Pengamatan kadar lengas tanah dilakukan dengan mengkalibrasikan hasil pengukuran Neutron Probe dengan kadar air gravimetrik. Laju transpirasi tanaman dihitung berdasarkan selisih antara kadar lengas tanah pada perlakuan tanaman pagar tanpa perakaran (T) dengan kadar lengas tanah pada perlakuan tanaman pagar dengan perakaran (R) Konduktivitas hidrolik tidak jenuh diukur dengan menggunakan metode Pedo Transfer Functions. Data hasil pengamatan selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan metode analisis ragam (ANOVA) uji korelasi dan regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar lengas tanah di bawah G. sepium lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan P. dassyrachis, kecuali pengamatan hari ke 0 di kedalaman 40 70 cm. Kadar lengas tanah cenderung menurun seiring dengan waktu pengamatan pada semua jenis tanaman pagar dan jarak tanamnya. Laju transpirasi G. sepium lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan P. dassyrachis pada kedalaman tanah 0 40 cm, sedangkan pada kedalaman 40 60 cm laju transpirasi kedua jenis tanaman pagar tersebut adalah sama. Pada kedalaman tanah 0 20 cm, laju transpirasi tanaman pagar dengan jarak tanam 40 cm lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jarak 120 cm. Sedangkan pada kedalaman tanah 20 60 cm, laju transpirasi tanaman pagar dengan jarak 120 cm lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jarak tanam 40 cm. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat korelasi antara laju transpirasi tanaman pagar dengan konduktivitas hidrolik tidak jenuh.  hedgerow,kadar lengas tanah, konduktivitas hidrolik tidak jenuh, transpirasi
New Concepts in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.
Venue: Hand clinics

Despite the severe pain and disability associated with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) the lack of understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms supporting this enigmatic condition prevents the rational design of new therapies, a situation that is frustrating to both the physician and the patient. The review highlights some of the mechanisms thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of CRPS in preclinical models and CRPS patients, with the ultimate goal that understanding these mechanisms will lead to the design of efficacious, mechanism based treatments available to the clinic.
Image Restoration Using Very Deep Convolutional Encoder Decoder Networks with Symmetric Skip Connections
Venue: NIPS

In this paper, we propose a very deep fully convolutional encoding decoding framework for image restoration such as denoising and super resolution. The network is composed of multiple layers of convolution and de convolution operators, learning end to end mappings from corrupted images to the original ones. The convolutional layers act as the feature extractor, which capture the abstraction of image contents while eliminating noises/corruptions. De convolutional layers are then used to recover the image details. We propose to symmetrically link convolutional and de convolutional layers with skip layer connections, with which the training converges much faster and attains a higher quality local optimum. First, The skip connections allow the signal to be back propagated to bottom layers directly, and thus tackles the problem of gradient vanishing, making training deep networks easier and achieving restoration performance gains consequently. Second, these skip connections pass image details from convolutional layers to de convolutional layers, which is beneficial in recovering the original image. Significantly, with the large capacity, we can handle different levels of noises using a single model. Experimental results show that our network achieves better performance than all previously reported state of the art methods.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Dexamethasone Injection into Two Different Sites in Preventing the Postoperative Complications after Mandibular Third Molar Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

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