nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Introduction: The Global Political Economy of Raul Prebisch

The Global Political Economy of Raul Prebisch offers an original analysis of global political economy by examining it through the ideas, agency and influence of one of its most important thinkers, leaders and personalities. Prebisch's ground breaking ideas as an economist the terms of trade thesis and the economic case for state led industrialization changed the world and guided economic policy across the global South. As the head of two UN bodies the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and later the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) he was at the frontline of key North South political struggles for a fairer global distribution of wealth and the regulation of transnational corporations. Prebisch increasingly came to view political power, not just economic capabilities, as pivotal to shaping the institutions and rules of the world economy. This book contextualizes his ideas, exploring how they were used and their relevance to contemporary issues. The neoliberal turn in economics in North America, Western Europe and across the global South led to an active discrediting of Prebisch's theories and this volume offers an important corrective, reintroducing current and future generations of scholars and students to this important body of work and allowing a richer understanding of past and ongoing political struggles.
The Impact of Climate Change on Viticulture and Wine Quality*
Venue: Journal of Wine Economics

Climate change is a major challenge in wine production. Temperatures are increasing worldwide, and most regions are exposed to water deficits more frequently. Higher temperatures trigger advanced phenology. This shifts the ripening phase to warmer periods in the summer, which will affect grape composition, in particular with respect to aroma compounds. Increased water stress reduces yields and modifies fruit composition. The frequency of extreme climatic events (hail, flooding) is likely to increase. Depending on the region and the amount of change, this may have positive or negative implications on wine quality. Adaptation strategies are needed to continue to produce high quality wines and to preserve their typicity according to their origin in a changing climate. The choice of plant material is a valuable resource to implement these strategies.
Diagnostic tests for Niemann Pick disease type C (NP C) A critical review.
Venue: Molecular genetics and metabolism

Niemann Pick disease type C (NP C) is a neurovisceral lysosomal cholesterol trafficking and lipid storage disorder caused by mutations in one of the two genes, NPC1 or NPC2. Diagnosis has often been a difficult task, due to the wide range in age of onset of NP C and clinical presentation of the disease, combined with the complexity of the cell biology (filipin) laboratory testing, even in combination with genetic testing. This has led to substantial delays in diagnosis, largely depending on the access to specialist centres and the level of knowledge about NP C of the physician in the area. In recent years, advances in mass spectrometry has allowed identification of several sensitive plasma biomarkers elevated in NP C (e.g. cholestane 3b,5a,6b triol, lysosphingomyelin isoforms and bile acid metabolites) which, together with the concomitant progress in molecular genetic technology, have greatly impacted the strategy of laboratory testing. Specificity of the biomarkers is currently under investigation and other pathologies are being found to also result in elevations. Molecular genetic testing also has its limitations, notably with unidentified mutations and the classification of new variants. This review is intended to increase awareness on the currently available approaches to laboratory diagnosis of NP C, to provide an up to date, comprehensive and critical evaluation of the various techniques (cell biology, biochemical biomarkers and molecular genetics) and to briefly discuss ongoing/future developments. The use of current tests in proper combination enables a rapid and correct diagnosis in a large majority of cases. However, even with recent progress, definitive diagnosis remains challenging in some patients, for whom combined genetic/biochemical/cytochemical markers do not provide a clear answer. Expertise and reference laboratories thus remain essential, and further work is still required to fulfill unmet needs.
A Suspicion Index to aid screening of early onset Niemann Pick disease Type C (NP C)
Venue: BMC Pediatrics

BackgroundNiemann Pick disease Type C (NP C) is difficult to diagnose due to heterogeneous and nonspecific clinical presentation. The NP C Suspicion Index (SI) was developed to identify patients with a high likelihood of NP C; however, it was less reliable in patients aged <4 years.MethodsAn early onset NP C SI was constructed following retrospective chart review of symptom presentation in 200 patients from nine centres comprised of 106 NP C cases, 31 non cases and 63 controls. Statistical analyses defined strength of association between symptoms and a diagnosis of NP C and assigned risk prediction scores to each symptom.ResultsVisceral symptoms were amongst the strongest predictors. Except for gelastic cataplexy and vertical supranuclear gaze palsy, central nervous system symptoms were not discriminatory in this population. Performance of the early onset NP C SI was superior versus the original NP C SI in patients aged =4 years.ConclusionsThe early onset NP C SI can help physicians, especially those with limited knowledge of NP C, to identify patients aged =4 years who warrant further investigation for NP C.
Temperatura base inferior e exigencia termica de genotipos de sorgo sacarino.

RESUMO O trabalho teve o objetivo de estimar a temperatura base (Tb) para estudos de exigencia termica para quatro variedades de sorgo sacarino oriundos do programa de melhoramento da Fepagro (Fepagro 19) e da Embrapa (BRS 506, BRS 509 e BRS 511) Foram realizadas tres epocas de semeadura (outubro, novembro e dezembro) em dois anos agricolas (2011/2012 e 2012/2013) em Santa Maria, RS. Os metodos utilizados para o calculo da Tb foram o do menor desvio padrao em graus dia, menor desvio padrao em dias, coeficiente de variacao em graus dia e coeficiente de regressao, seguindo a metodologia desenvolvida por Yang et al. (1995) A determinacao da temperatura base inferior de cada genotipo auxilia na caracterizacao da exigencia termica especifica dos genotipos de sorgo sacarino, favore cendo o planejamento da epoca de semeadura mais adequada, evitando uma possivel estacionalidade de producao. Os valores de Tb para os genotipos estudados variam entre 8,2 degC e 14,8 degC, dependendo do metodo de estimativa da Tb. Os valores medios estimados para as variedades de sorgo sacarino foram de 11,6 degC; 11,8 degC; 8,9 degC; e 10,8 degC para os genotipos Fepagro 19, BRS 506, BRS 509 e BRS 511, respectivamente. O genotipo Fepagro 19 apresentou o maior ciclo vegetativo entre os genotipos estudados, sendo uma boa opcao na sua utilizacao como dupla aptidao. Palavras chave: crescimento; desenvolvimento; graus dia; Sorghum bicolor; temperatura limiar. LOW BASE TEMPERATURE (Tb) AND THERMAL DEMAND OF SWEET SORGHUM GENOTYPES ABSTRACT The determination of the lower base temperature of each genotype assists the determination of the specific heat requirement of sorghum varieties, which can help the planning of the most appropriate time of sowing, avoiding losses in production. The work aimed to estimate the base temperature (Tb) for studies of thermal requirement of four sweet sorghum varieties from the breeding program of Fepagro (Fepagro 19) and Embrapa (BRS 506, BRS 509 and BRS 511) Three sowing dates (October, November and December) were used in two growing seasons (2011/ 2012 and 2012/2013) in Santa Maria, RS. The methods applied for calculation of Tb used the lower standard deviation in de gree days, lower standard deviation in days, coefficient of variation in degree days and regression coefficient, according to the methodology developed by Yang et al. (1995) Tb values for genotypes ranged from 8.2 to 14.8degC, depending on the method of estimation of Tb. The average values estimated for the varieties of sweet sorghum were 11.6, 11.8, 8.9 and 10.8 deg C for 19 Fepagro BRS 506 BRS 509 and BRS 511 genotypes, respectively The Fepagro 19 genotype had the highest growth cycle among the genotypes studied, proving to be a good option to be used as a dual purpose.  growth; development; degree days; Sorghum bicolor; threshold temperature.
SHEAR STRENGTH OF CIRCULAR CONCRETE BEAMS REINFORCED WITH GFRP

This paper presents the results of an investigation of the shear strength and behavior of three circular concrete beams reinforced with glass FRP (GFRP) bars and spirals. The beams, which measured 3,000 mm in length by 500 mm in diameter, were tested under four point bending. The test parameters included the GFRP spiral reinforcement ratio (different spiral spacings [150 and 200 mm] and spiral diameters [13 and 15 mm] As designed, the beams failed in shear due to GFRP spiral rupture. The test results indicated that the higher the GFRP spiral reinforcement ratio, the higher the enhancement of the shear strength due to the confinement, which controls shear cracks and improves aggregate interlocking.
Habilidades de pensamiento aleatorio y la creacion de aplicaciones moviles Un estudio exploratorio en semilleros de investigacion escolar de la Educacion Media

El aumento de artefactos tecnologicos, como tabletas y telefonos inteligentes, usados de manera permanente dentro y fuera de las escuelas, ha generado cambios en la percepcion del aula como espacio pedagogico, el concepto de curriculum y el sentido de los procesos de interaccion maestro estudiante conocimiento (Perez, 2012; Buckingham, 2008) La escuela enfrenta el reto de aprovechar su potencial didactico, estableciendo un uso educativo intencionado en algunos procesos de ensenanza y aprendizaje. En este contexto, la presente investigacion tuvo como objeto explorar el proceso de creacion de aplicaciones para dispositivos moviles, por parte de estudiantes, para el manejo basico de sistemas de datos, indagando por las posibles implicaciones en las habilidades de pensamiento aleatorio mediante la implementacion de una secuencia didactica. La secuencia didactica fue disenada e implementada para 10 sesiones de trabajo con estudiantes de la educacion media, integrantes del semillero de investigacion de la Institucion Educativa Roman Gomez de Marinilla Antioquia. Los estudiantes participantes disenaron y desarrollaron aplicaciones para dispositivos moviles Android en la plataforma App Inventor de Google Inc. (Wikipedia, 2014b) Para establecer el efecto de la implementacion de la secuencia didactica en las habilidades de pensamiento aleatorio, se utilizo el instrumento SRA (Statistical Reasoning Assessment) de Garfield (2003) aplicado antes y despues de la intervencion. El analisis cuantitativo de los resultados se hizo a traves del Test de Moses de reaccion extrema (Bello, 2015) el cual permitio identificar algunas habilidades susceptibles de afectaciones positivas para trabajar con el diseno y desarrollo de aplicaciones moviles. Se indago igualmente por la percepcion de los estudiantes acerca del proceso realizado, los cuales resaltaron la propuesta como una experiencia motivante, novedosa y funcional en los ambientes de aprendizaje en la escuela; este aspecto se presenta como una oportunidad para que los maestros de matematicas, y de otras areas de conocimiento, se interesen por implementar estrategias didacticas fundamentadas en el diseno y elaboracion de aplicaciones para dispositivos moviles, aprovechando herramientas de acceso y uso libre en Internet como App Inventor. Los resultados de la investigacion aportan al campo de la didactica y las nuevas tecnologias, en tanto permiten establecer nuevas estrategias de ensenanza y aprendizaje fundamentadas en el diseno de aplicaciones moviles en distintas areas especificas de conocimiento, pudiendo favorecer el desarrollo de habilidades como las competencias tecnologicas, comunicativas, cientificas, la resolucion de problemas, el pensamiento critico y matematico.
Improving Critical Thinking Skills of College Students through RMS Model for Learning Basic Concepts in Science.

The purposes of this study were to: 1) Examine the effect of RMS learning model towards critical thinking skills. 2) Examine the effect of different academic abilities against critical thinking skills. 3) Examine the effect of the interaction between RMS learning model and different academic abilities against critical thinking skills. The research method used was quasi experimental with 2x2 factorial pretest posttest non equivalent group design.The critical thinking skills instrument used was essay test Asia Pacific Forum on Science Learning and Teaching, Volume 17, Issue 1, Article 12 (Jun. 2016) Ahmad MUHLISIN, Herawati SUSILO, Mohamad AMIN and Fatchur ROHMAN Improving critical thinking skills of college students through RMS model for learning basic concepts in science Copyright (C) 2016 EdUHK APFSLT. Volume 17, Issue 1, Article 12 (Jun. 2016) All Rights Reserved. with the high level of reliability is 0.712. The data analysis used descriptive analysis and ANACOVA statistical analysis. The results showed that RMS learning model effectively improved students' critical thinking skills and was able to align students critical thinking skills in different academic abilities. The impact of RMS learning model is higher 55,6% than conventional model on critical thinking skills. The basic concepts of science and biology lecturer were recommended to apply RMS learning model to apply them in high schools, middle schools, and elementary schools.
Modeling Topic Level Academic Influence in Scientific Literatures
Venue: AAAI Workshop: Scholarly Big Data

Scientific articles are not born equal. Some generate an entire discipline while others make relatively fewer contributions. When reviewing scientific literatures, it would be useful to identify those important articles and understand how they influence others. In this paper, we introduce J Index, a quantitative metric modeling topic level academic influence. J Index is calculated based on the novelty of each article as well as its contributions to the articles where it is cited. We devise a generative model named Reference Topic Model (RefTM) which jointly utilizes the textual content and citation information in scientific literatures. We show how to learn RefTM to discover both the novelty of each paper and the strength of each citation. Experiments on a collection of more than 420,000 research papers demonstrate that RefTM outperforms the stateof the art approaches in terms of topic coherence as well as prediction performance, and validate J Index's effectiveness of capturing topic level academic influence in scientific literatures.
Colour Preference to Emotions in Relation to the Anxiety Level among School Children in Puducherry A Cross Sectional Study.
Venue: Journal of clinical and diagnostic research JCDR

Dental setting plays an important role in child's behavior and cooperation to the planned dental treatment. Adding attractive colours to the dental environment and by incorporating colourful equipments can make the child feel good and be at ease. This study tries to convey the relationship between colours and dental anxiety among children.  To evaluate the colour preference to emotions in relation to children's age, gender and anxiety level.  A total of 382 children aged 6 12 years were randomly selected from schools in and around Puducherry. Modified dental anxiety scale was recorded by a calibrated examiner. Each question was scored from one (not anxious) to five (extremely anxious) such that the total score ranges from 5 to 25, wherein a score of 15 or more was considered to be anxious. Based on this, children were divided into anxious and non anxious groups. All the children were provided with eight different coloured crayon pencils and were asked to shade two cartoon emoticons indicating happiness and sadness with their preferred colour. Values were tabulated and statistically analyzed to evaluate the association between the variables using Z test, Chi square, Chi square goodness of fit and odds ratio. (p<=0.05 was considered statistically significant) RESULTS Among 382 children, 77% (294) were graded as anxious and 23% (88) as non anxious. For positive emotion (happiness) 31.2% (119) children preferred blue followed by pink 29.3% (112) For negative emotion (sadness) 52.1% (199) of children preferred black and 46.9% (179) preferred red. Association between colour and emotion was highly significant (p= 0.005) CONCLUSION From the colours preferred by the children in our study, it can be concluded that colours like blue and pink in the dental set up could enhance a positive attitude while black and red could develop a negative outlook in their mind.
Social Differentiation of Sun Protection Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Cognitive Factors.
Venue: American journal of preventive medicine

Adherence to sun protection guidelines in developed countries is low, especially among people of low SES. Mechanisms underlying this social differentiation are poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the social differentiation of sun protection behaviors and of two cognitive factors (knowledge about both sun health and behavioral risk factors for cancer) and to determine if these cognitive factors mediate the association between SES and sun protection behaviors.  Data came from the 2010 Barometre Cancer survey (analyzed in 2014) a random cross sectional telephone survey conducted among the French general population (n=3,359 individuals aged 15 75 years) First, bivariate associations between a composite individual SES indicator (based on education level, occupation, and income) and both sun protection behaviors and cognitive factors were tested with chi square tests and ANOVA. Then, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to test the mediating role of cognitive factors with a multiple mediation model including four latent variables.  In bivariate analyses, the individual SES indicator was positively associated with sun protection behaviors and both cognitive factors. Multiple mediation analyses showed that both cognitive factors partially mediated the effect of individual SES on sun protection behaviors. The overall proportion of mediated effects was 48% The direct effect of SES remained significant.  These results suggest that interventions aimed at modifying the knowledge and perceptions of people of low SES might help to reduce social differentiation of sun protection behaviors. Further qualitative research is needed to better understand these cognitive factors and develop suitable prevention messages.
Group emotions: the social and cognitive functions of emotions in argumentation
Venue: Int. J. Comput. Support. Collab. Learn.

The learning sciences of today recognize the tri dimensional nature of learning as involving cognitive, social and emotional phenomena. However, many computer supported argumentation systems still fail in addressing the socio emotional aspects of group reasoning, perhaps due to a lack of an integrated theoretical vision of how these three dimensions interrelate to each other. This paper presents a multi dimensional and multi level model of the role of emotions in argumentation, inspired from a multidisciplinary literature review and extensive previous empirical work on an international corpus of face to face student debates. At the crossroads of argumentation studies and research on collaborative learning, employing a linguistic perspective, we specify the social and cognitive functions of emotions in argumentation. The cognitive function of emotions refers to the cognitive and discursive process of schematization (Grize, 1996, 1997) The social function of emotions refers to recognition oriented behaviors that correspond to engagement into specific types of group talk (e. g. Mercer in Learning and Instruction 6(4) 359 377, 1996) An in depth presentation of two case studies then enables us to refine the relation between social and cognitive functions of emotions. A first case gives arguments for associating low intensity emotional framing, on the cognitive side, with cumulative talk, on the social side. A second case shows a correlation between high intensity emotional framing, and disputational talk. We then propose a hypothetical generalization from these two cases, adding an element to the initial model. In conclusion, we discuss how better understanding the relations between cognition and social and emotional phenomena can inform pedagogical design for CSCL.
International survey of cochlear implant candidacy
Venue: Cochlear implants international

The goal of this work was to determine international differences in candidacy based on audiometric and speech perception measures, and to evaluate the information in light of the funding structure and access to implants within different countries.  An online questionnaire was circulated to professionals in 25 countries. There were 28 respondents, representing the candidacy practice in 17 countries.  Results showed differences in the funding model between countries. Unilateral implants for both adults and children and bilateral implants for children were covered by national funding in approximately 60% of countries (30% used medical insurance, and 10% self funding) Fewer countries provided bilateral implants routinely for adults: national funding was available in only 22% (37% used medical insurance and 41% self funding) Main evolving candidacy areas are asymmetric losses, auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders and electro acoustic stimulation. For countries using speech based adult candidacy assessments, the majority (40% used word tests, 24% used sentence tests, and 36% used a mixture of both. For countries using audiometry for candidacy (70 80% of countries) the majority used levels of 75 85 dB HL at frequencies above 1 kHz. The United Kingdom and Belgium had the most conservative audiometric criteria, and countries such as Australia, Germany, and Italy were the most lenient. Countries with a purely self funding model had greater flexibility in candidacy requirements.