nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Why We Need A New Welfare State

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Back to the poorhouse? Social protection and social control of unauthorised immigrants in the shadow of the welfare state

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, De Swaan, a historical sociologist, speculated that heightened global interconnectedness, and the resulting increased potential for international migration, would lead to transnational social policies. In this view, states of richer countries would increasingly perceive an interest in financing social policies in poorer countries in an effort to reduce the need for the distant poor to migrate. By and large, such transnational social policies have not materialised. In this article, which focuses on 'the Dutch case' it is argued that international migration, and the desire by states to selectively limit international migration, is nonetheless leading to new forms of poor relief and poverty control, not in countries of origin but in countries of destination. In the shadow of the Western welfare states, we now find elementary and, in many cases, rather archaic practices of poor relief and anti pauperism measures for certain categories of unauthorised immigrants. Scholarship on migration and citizenship indicates that the rights of immigrants increasingly resemble the rights of citizens, especially in comprehensive welfare states. This trend seems to be complemented, however, by a growing differentiation of social citizenship between those formally admitted (both citizens and residence permit holders) and those officially considered 'illegal' non members.
Effect of Oxalic Acid Based Desensitizing Agent on Cervical Restorations on Hypersensitive Teeth: A Triple Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
Venue: Journal of oral facial pain and headache

To assess the effects of application of an oxalic acid based desensitizing agent before restoration of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) with either a silorane based or a methacrylate based composite resin on decreasing the absolute risk and intensity of dentin hypersensitivity over the course of a 1 year follow up.  NCCLs in 31 patients (age range 24 66 years) were selected and randomly divided into four groups (n 31 in all groups) In the Z250 and P90 groups, the restorations were performed with a methacrylate based composite resin (Filtek Z250) and a silorane based composite resin (Silorane P90) respectively. In the Z250 OA and P90 OA groups, the same composite resins were used, but an oxalic acid based desensitizing agent (Desenssiv, SSWhite) was first applied. All NCCLs were evaluated before restoration (BR) and at 30, 60, 90, 180, and 360 days after treatment. Teeth sensitivity to evaporative and tactile stimuli was measured by a visual analog scale (VAS) The results were analyzed with statistical tools including Wilcoxon and Friedman tests for within group comparisons and ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests for between group comparisons (P .05)  Reduction in dentin hypersensitivity was observed for all treatment groups; however, these reductions were more pronounced when oxalic acid was applied before restoring the NCCL (P .001) Complete elimination of pain was not achieved by any treatment modalities for the first 6 months; afterwards, in the groups that had received application of the oxalate based desensitizing agent, the absolute risk of dentin hypersensitivity was significantly reduced (P .01)  The restoration of sensitive NCCLs with composite resins reduces dentin hypersensitivity. This reduction is more pronounced if an oxalic acid based desensitizing agent is applied prior to the restoration. In addition, its application reduces the absolute risk of dentin hypersensitivity after 6 months of treatment.
Semantic Relation Extraction with Semantic Patterns Experiment on Radiology Reports
Venue: LREC

This work presents a practical system for indexing terms and relations from French radiology reports, called IMAIOS. In this paper, we present how semantic relations (causes, consequences, symptoms, locations, parts. between medical terms can be extracted. For this purpose, we handcrafted some linguistic patterns from on a subset of our radiology report corpora. As semantic patterns (de (of) may be too general or ambiguous, semantic constraints have been added. For instance, in the sentence neoplasie du sein (neoplasm of breast) the system knowing neoplasm as a disease and breast as an anatomical location, identify the relation as being a location: neoplasm r lieu breast. An evaluation of the effect of semantic constraints is proposed.
Strategic Plan for Biodiversity (2011 2020) and the Aichi Biodiversity Targets

2. Expresses its gratitude to the European Union for its financial support for the Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group on Indicators for the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011 2020 and to the Government of Canada, the European Environment Agency, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom for their support for the International Expert Workshop held from 20 to 22 June 2011 in High Wycombe, United Kingdom, in support of the Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group on Indicators for the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011 2020;
The strategic plan for combating antimicrobial resistance in Gulf Cooperation Council States.
Venue: Journal of infection and public health

The Gulf Cooperation Council Center for Infection Control (GCC IC) has placed the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) on the top of its agenda for the past four years. The board members have developed the initial draft for the GCC strategic plan for combating AMR in 2014. The strategic plan stems from the WHO mandate to combat AMR at all levels. The need for engaging a large number of stakeholders has prompted the GCC IC to engage a wider core of professionals in finalizing the plan. A multi disciplinary group of more than 40 experts were then identified. And a workshop was conducted in Riyadh January 2015 and included, for the first time, representation of relevant ministries and agencies as well as international experts in the field. Participants worked over a period of two and a half days in different groups. International experts shared the global experiences and challenges in addressing human, food, animal, and environmental aspects of controlling AMR. Participants were then divided into 4 groups each to address the human, animal, microbiological and diagnostic, or the environmental aspect of AMR. At the end of the workshop, the strategic plan was revised and endorsed by all participants. The GCC IC board members then approved it as the strategic plan for AMR. The document produced here is the first GCC strategic plan addressing AMR, which shall be adopted by GCC countries to develop country based plans and related key performance indicators (KPIs) It is now the role of each country to identify the body that will be accountable for implementing the plan at the country level.
Drones and the Future of Armed Conflict: Ethical, Legal and Strategic Implications

At the time of this writing, data from the New America Foundation report that the United States has reportedly conducted 11 drone strikes in Pakistan and 23 in Yemen in 2015. Of these strikes, only 2 of them killed civilians. The data indicate 150 militants have been killed, along with only 3 civilians or unknowns (http:/securitydata.newamerica.net) Add to this the controversy stemming from recent conventional airstrikes in Yemen, when a wedding party was hit, and in Afghanistan, when a Doctors Without Borders hospital was destroyed and one might be persuaded that drones are a rather good military option. This evidence offers support to the claims of drone proponents, who consistently argue that drones are the best game in town because they provide a discriminate and proportionate response (to employ the just war theory language used by the U.S. government) to threats from terrorist groups. And if one compares these numbers to the strikes and casualty figures at the height of the drone campaign in Pakistan in 2009 10, when there was a drone strike every three days, and civilian/unknown casualties reportedly in the hundreds, then even the staunchest of drone critics might be inclined to admit that the United States is making progress when it comes to its targeting practices. Even assuming, however, that all this is true the government does not publicly disclose its rules or engagement or data on strikes reading Drones and the Future of Armed Conflict casts a deeply critical light on the myth that drones are what the U.S government claims them to be. The book is a must read for those who want to delve deeper than the moral and legal gloss that characterizes the speeches in support of drones by governmental officials, while avoiding the hyperbole that often accompanies the writings of the staunchest critics of the U.S. drone programs.
The Impact of Globalization on Economic Growth in ASEAN

The establishment of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) as one of the most highly integrated regional organizations is the reflection of the process of globalization. This high integration is characterized by international cooperation in economic, social and political policies. One of the positive impacts of globalization itself is the increasing economic growth. However, this economic growth is disproportionately distributed among countries. In Southeast Asia, this is shown by the fact that the rising globalization in ASEAN is not always followed by the increase in economic growth. By using the KOF Index of Globalization that covers three main dimensions: economic integration, social integration, and political integration, this research paper looked into the impact of globalization on economic growth. Based on the panel data of six developing countries in ASEAN from 2006 to 2012, this research paper found that the overall index of globalization had positively and significantly impacted the economic growth in the region. Economic and political globalization also positively impacted the economic growth. However, the social globalization did not affect the growth. Inflation, infrastructure, quality of education, technological preparedness and government spending also had positive impact on economic growth.  globalization, growth, openness, panel data Abstrak. Pembentukan ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) sebagai salah satu kawasan berintegrasi tinggi merupakan cerminan proses globalisasi. Integrasi tinggi ini dicirikan oleh adanya kerjasama internasional dalam kebijakan ekonomi, sosial dan politik. Salah satu dampak positif dari globalisasi adalah peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Namun hal ini tidak terdistribusikan secara merata pada negara negara di dunia yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan tingkat globalisasi ASEAN tidak selalu diikuti oleh peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonominya. Penelitian ini menggunakan indeks globalisasi KOF yang meliputi tingkat globalisasi ekonomi, sosial dan politik untuk melihat pengaruh globalisasi terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Dengan menggunakan data panel dari enam negara anggota ASEAN pada tahun 2006 2012, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tingkat globalisasi mempunyai dampak yang positif secara signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Tingkat globalisasi ekonomi dan politik juga ditemukan berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, namun globalisasi sosial tidak mempunyai dampak yang signifikan. Inflasi, infrastuktur, kualitas pendidikan, kesiapan teknologi dan belanja pemerintah juga memiliki dampak yang positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi.  globalisasi, keterbukaan, panel data, pertumbuhan
Sparse Iteration 4D CORDIC Algorithms for Multiplying Quaternions
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Computers

Novel 4D CORDIC algorithms and hardware architecture for multiplying quaternions are presented, aimed at constant coefficient multipliers. In our solution, microrotations are multiplications by hypercomplex numbers with only one non zero imaginary part. Such transformations can be described using sparse matrices and implemented using less hardware resources than the iteration of the known quaternion CORDIC algorithm. Chip area can be saved because sparse microrotations can be computed using a permutation network and two operand adders, without four operand additions, which are necessary in the known solution. The obtainable area savings depend on the implementation technology and the architectures of adders and bit shifters but can be as large as 45 and 25 percent for ASIC and FPGA circuits, respectively. The circuitry simplifications come at the cost of slowing down computations: our approach improves the area delay product, and a single sparse iteration can be executed up to 15 percent faster than the conventional one, but more microrotations are usually necessary to achieve the required accuracy. On the other hand, a sparse 4D iteration can be identified with microrotations of two 2D CORDICs which work in parallel. This makes convergence analysis easier than in the previous 4D solution, as it is sufficient to consider only two dimensions.
User Association in 5G Networks: A Survey and an Outlook
Venue: IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials

The fifth generation (5G) mobile networks are envisioned to support the deluge of data traffic with reduced energy consumption and improved quality of service (QoS) provision. To this end, key enabling technologies, such as heterogeneous networks (HetNets) massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) and millimeter wave (mmWave) techniques, have been identified to bring 5G to fruition. Regardless of the technology adopted, a user association mechanism is needed to determine whether a user is associated with a particular base station (BS) before data transmission commences. User association plays a pivotal role in enhancing the load balancing, the spectrum efficiency, and the energy efficiency of networks. The emerging 5G networks introduce numerous challenges and opportunities for the design of sophisticated user association mechanisms. Hence, substantial research efforts are dedicated to the issues of user association in HetNets, massive MIMO networks, mmWave networks, and energy harvesting networks. We introduce a taxonomy as a framework for systematically studying the existing user association algorithms. Based on the proposed taxonomy, we then proceed to present an extensive overview of the state of the art in user association algorithms conceived for HetNets, massive MIMO, mmWave, and energy harvesting networks. Finally, we summarize the challenges as well as opportunities of user association in 5G and provide design guidelines and potential solutions for sophisticated user association mechanisms.
Psoriasis: Pathogenesis, Assessment, and Therapeutic Update.
Venue: Clinics in podiatric medicine and surgery

Psoriasis is a chronic condition that affects more than 7 million Americans. This article explores the pathogenesis and physical signs of psoriasis. Over the past 2 decades enhanced understanding of the immunologic basis of psoriasis has led to the development of new systemic agents that have revolutionized the management of this disease, and these modalities, along with traditional therapies, are described.
Superior Piezoelectric Properties in Potassium Sodium Niobate Lead Free Ceramics.
Venue: Advanced materials

A superior piezoelectric coefficient (d33 570 10 pC N"1 the highest value reported to date in potassium sodium niobate based ceramics, is obtained in (1 x y)K1 w Naw Nb1 z Sbz O3 y BaZrO3 x Bi0.5 K0.5 HfO3 ceramics. This high d33 value can be ascribed to the co existence of "nano scale strain domains" (1 2 nm) and a high density of ferroelectric domain boundaries. Therefore, ternary KNN based ceramics demonstrate the potential for applications.
Design of Fractional Order Controller for Trajectory Tracking Control of a Non holonomic Autonomous Ground Vehicle

A robust control technique is proposed to address the problem of trajectory tracking of an autonomous ground vehicle (AGV) This technique utilizes a fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPID) controller to control a non holonomic autonomous ground vehicle to track the behaviour of the predefined reference path. Two FOPID controllers are designed to control the AGV's inputs. These inputs represent the torques that are used in order to manipulate the implemented model of the vehicle to obtain the actual path. The implemented model of the non holonomic autonomous ground vehicle takes into consideration both of the kinematic and dynamic models. In additional, a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the FOPID controllers' parameters. These optimal tuned parameters of FOPID controllers minimize the cost function used in the algorithm. The effectiveness and validation of the proposed method have been verified through different patterns of reference paths using MATLAB Simulink software package. The stability of fractional order system is analysed. Also, the robustness of the system is conducted by adding disturbances due to friction of wheels during the vehicle motion. The obtained results of FOPID controller show the advantage and the performance of the technique in terms of minimizing path tracking error and the complement of the path following.
A moving path following approach for trajectory optimization of UAVs: An application for target tracking of marine vehicles
Venue: 2016 European Control Conference (ECC)

In this paper we propose a novel numerical approach to the design of smooth trajectories for fixed wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) with applications to target tracking of marine vehicles. Given a desired geometric path with respect to a possible moving target vehicle, we are interested in computing a feasible UAV trajectory that best approximates in L2 sense the desired geometric moving path with a specified airspeed profile assigned on it. Due to communication range limitations (e.g. the UAV is operating as a wireless communication relay between a target vehicle and a ground station) the UAV trajectory needs to satisfy given path constraints. Space varying wind is also taken into account. We address this problem by taking a Virtual Target Vehicle (VTV) perspective. We set up a suitable optimal control problem based on the error coordinates between the UAV and the VTV. We solve the optimal control problem numerically by using PRONTO, a very versatile control optimization tool enabling to deal with a wide variety of trajectory functionals and constraints. We provide and discuss numerical computations based on a practical scenario where an Autonomous Surface Vehicle (the target vehicle) transmits data to the UAV which sends them back to a ground station.
VGC ANALYZER: A SOFTWARE FOR STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF FULLY CROSSED MULTIPLE READER MULTIPLE CASE VISUAL GRADING CHARACTERISTICS STUDIES.
Venue: Radiation protection dosimetry

Visual grading characteristics (VGC) analysis is a non parametric rank invariant method for analysis of visual grading data. In VGC analysis, image quality ratings for two different conditions are compared by producing a VGC curve, similar to how the ratings for normal and abnormal cases in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis are used to create an ROC curve. The use of established ROC software for the analysis of VGC data has therefore previously been proposed. However, the ROC analysis is based on the assumption of independence between normal and abnormal cases. In VGC analysis, this independence cannot always be assumed, e.g. if the ratings are based on the same patients imaged under both conditions. A dedicated software intended for analysis of VGC studies, which takes possible dependencies between ratings into account in the statistical analysis of a VGC study, has therefore been developed. The software VGC Analyzer determines the area under the VGC curve and its uncertainty using non parametric resampling techniques. This article gives an introduction to VGC Analyzer, describes the types of analyses that can be performed and instructs the user about the input and output data.
Using Queer Pedagogy and Theory to Teach Shakespeare's Twelfth Night

Cloonan explores Early Modern constructions and conventions of both gender and theater, offering high school teachers of 11th and 12th graders who teach Shakespeare's plays, particularly Twelfth Night, activities and discussion points that will illuminate students' readings. Through the provided unit, which includes dramatic performances, writing activities, and textual analysis, teachers and their students use queer theory and queer pedagogy to ultimately challenge gender norms.
Identifying functionally similar code in complex codebases
Venue: 2016 IEEE 24th International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC)

Identifying similar code in software systems can assist many software engineering tasks such as program understanding and software refactoring. While most approaches focus on identifying code that looks alike, some techniques aim at detecting code that functions alike. Detecting these functional clones code that functions alike in object oriented languages remains an open question because of the difficulty in exposing and comparing programs' functionality effectively. We propose a novel technique, In Vivo Clone Detection, that detects functional clones in arbitrary programs by identifying and mining their inputs and outputs. The key insight is to use existing workloads to execute programs and then measure functional similarities between programs based on their inputs and outputs, which mitigates the problems in object oriented languages reported by prior work. We implement such technique in our system, HitoshiIO, which is open source and freely available. Our experimental results show that HitoshiIO detects more than 800 functional clones across a corpus of 118 projects. In a random sample of the detected clones, HitoshiIO achieves 68+ true positive rate with only 15% false positive rate.