nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
60 years of UK visibility measurements: impact of meteorology and atmospheric pollutants on visibility

Reduced visibility is an indicator of poor air quality. Moreover, degradation in visibility can be hazardous to human safety; for example, low visibility can lead to road, rail, sea and air accidents. In this paper, we explore the combined influence of atmospheric aerosol particle and gas characteristics, and meteorology, on long term visibility. We use visibility data from eight meteorological stations, situated in the UK, which have been running since the 1950s. The site locations include urban, rural and marine environments. Most stations show a long term trend of increasing visibility, which is indicative of reductions in air pollution, especially in urban areas. Additionally, the visibility at all sites shows a very clear dependence on relative humidity, indicating the importance of aerosol hygroscopicity on the ability of aerosol particles to scatter radiation. The dependence of visibility on other meteorological parameters, such as wind speed and wind direction, is also investigated. Most stations show long term increases in temperature which can be ascribed to climate change, land use changes (e.g. urban heat island effects) or a combination of both; the observed effect is greatest in urban areas. The impact of this temperature change upon local relative humidity is discussed. To explain the long term visibility trends and their dependence on meteorological conditions, the measured data were fitted to a newly developed light extinction model to generate predictions of historic aerosol and gas scattering and absorbing properties. In general, an excellent fit was achieved between measured and modelled visibility for all eight sites. The model incorporates parameterizations of aerosol hygroscopicity, particle concentration, particle scattering, and particle and gas absorption. This new model should be applicable and is easily transferrable to other data sets worldwide. Hence, historical visibility data can be used to assess trends in aerosol particle properties. This approach may help constrain global model simulations which attempt to generate aerosol fields for time periods when observational data are scarce or non existent. Both the measured visibility and the modelled aerosol properties reported in this paper highlight the success of the UK's Clean Air Act, which was passed in 1956, in cleaning the atmosphere of visibility reducing pollutants.
The Effect of Employee Competence on the Reliability of Financial Statements

often we find that the financial statement presented by a company occurred inaccuracy of time in preparing financial statements, causing delays in decision making. Financial statements is financial information used by the company as a means of decision making, the financial statements should be reliable and trustworthy. The financial statements should be made by employees who are competent in their field. The purpose of this research is to determine employee competence, reliability of the financial statements and the effect of employee's competence to the reliability of financial statements. The method used in this research is explanatory method, and sampling techniques using Non Probability Sampling with saturated sampling number 30 people in service of BUMN companies in Bandung. The statistical analysis used is the correlation analysis rank spearman, coefficient of determination, and t test. The result showed that employee competency is adequate, the reliability of financial statement is adequate and the employee's competence significant effect to the reliability of financial statements.  Employee competence; reliability; financial statements
People identification and counting system using raspberry Pi (AU PiCC: Raspberry Pi customer counter)
Venue: 2016 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communications (ICEIC)

The work in this paper focuses on an implementation of OpenCV in an embedded system like raspberry Pi to create a mini standalone station for counting people. The key feature of AU PiCC (Assumption University's raspberry Pi Customer Counter) is to count a number of interested people on target product in a pre defined area along with a simple face identification to avoid counting duplicates. The experimental results show that this raspberry Pi based system can be used as a simple people counter station.
Attendance Management and User Security System's based on Eigen Faces Algorithm using Raspberry pi 2 and Ethernet

This paper proposes a new system for taking attendance in industries, organizations and many companies by using personal identification strategies like finger print identification, RFID and etc. Compared to all these personal identification strategies face recognition is most natural, less time taken and high efficient. This paper also gives security for industries or organizations using the face recognition technology.  Eigen faces algorithm is used in this system for face recognition and detection to both attendance system and security system. Raspberry pi 2 with Broadcom 2836 processor is used for controlling and data storage purpose. A camera is interfaced for taking user image and initially stores the user image in the system database. A GSM modem is used for send message to the absent student parent's mobile number. For security system, camera captures the user image and compare with data base image by using an Eigen face algorithm.  Raspberry pi 2 contains 1 GB RAM to achieve high speed of operation and accuracy. It uses QT creater for creating and running the application of face recognition system. It contains OpenCV for image processing application to load the images into the system and process the images.  This system developed in easy way to understand every one. The attendance report will be generated mechanically without any human interference and stored in storage device.
MOBILITY4EU D2.1 Societal needs and requirements for future transportation and mobility as well as opportunities and challenges of current solutions

Mobility4EU is a Coordination and Support Action of the European Commission started in January 2016 and lasting for 3 years, until 31 December 2018. The project will deliver a vision for the European transport system in 2030 and an action plan including a roadmap to implement that vision. The work towards that vision and action plan is based on the identification and assessment of societal challenges that will influence future transport demand and supply and the compilation of a portfolio of promising cross modal technical and organisational transport solutions. The entire process from studying trends and options for solutions, developing a vision and finally the action plan are organized within a structured participatory approach that focuses on user centeredness and that aims to engage a broad stakeholder community into the consultation processes. A further goal is to build a European Transport Forum that continues the work beyond the project duration and works on complementing the action plan. The present document reports on the results of researching trends and societal drivers impacting mobility demands and transport in Europe until 2030.
Do introduced honeybees affect seed set and seed quality in a plant adapted for bird pollination?

Worldwide, evidence suggests that exotic pollinators can disrupt plant mating patterns. However, few studies have determined if pollination by the honeybee Apis mellifera (the world's most widely introduced pollinator) reduces offspring quality when compared with pollination by native birds. The Australian Proteaceae provides an excellent opportunity to test the impact of honeybees in pollination systems that are adapted to birds and non flying mammals.  We compared the frequency of flower visitation and foraging behaviour of birds and insects within seven populations of Banksia ericifolia. Banksia ericifolia is hermaphroditic and has large nectar rich, orange inflorescences typical of bird and mammal pollinated species. For a subset of the study populations, we compared the quality of seed produced via an exclusion treatment (that only allowed invertebrates to access flowers) with an open pollination treatment (potentially visited by mammals, birds and invertebrates) by measuring seed weight, germination rates (T50) percent germination, seedling height after 14 days since the emergence of the cotyledon and time to emergence of the cotyledon. Important Findings Apis mellifera was the only apparent insect pollinator and the most frequent flower visitor, while the open treatment inflorescences were also frequently visited by avian pollinators, primarily honeyeater species. The foraging behaviour of honeybees and honeyeaters showed striking differences that potentially affect patterns of pollen transfer. Honeybees made significantly greater proportions of within cf. among plant movements and only 30% (n 48) of honeybees foraged for pollen (nectar foragers carried no pollen) whilst all birds were observed to contact both stigmas and anthers when foraging for nectar. Despite these fundamental differences in behaviour, there was little effect of treatment on seed set or quality. Our data show that while honeybees appear to alter patterns of pollen transfer within B. ericifolia populations, they do not impact reproductive rates or performance of early life stages.
Panoramic Structure from Motion via Geometric Relationship Detection
Venue: ArXiv

This paper addresses the problem of Structure from Motion (SfM) for indoor panoramic image streams, extremely challenging even for the state of the art due to the lack of textures and minimal parallax. The key idea is the fusion of single view and multi view reconstruction techniques via geometric relationship detection (e.g. detecting 2D lines as coplanar in 3D) Rough geometry suffices to perform such detection, and our approach utilizes rough surface normal estimates from an image to normal deep network to discover geometric relationships among lines. The detected relationships provide exact geometric constraints in our line based linear SfM formulation. A constrained linear least squares is used to reconstruct a 3D model and camera motions, followed by the bundle adjustment. We have validated our algorithm on challenging datasets, outperforming various state of the art reconstruction techniques.
Optimising UAV topographic surveys processed with structure from motion: Ground control quality, quantity and bundle adjustment

Structure from motion (SfM) algorithms greatly facilitate the production of detailed topographic models from photographs collected using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) However, the survey quality achieved in published geomorphological studies is highly variable, and sufficient processing details are never provided to understand fully the causes of variability. To address this, we show how survey quality and consistency can be improved through a deeper consideration of the underlying photogrammetric methods. We demonstrate the sensitivity of digital elevation models (DEMs) to processing settings that have not been discussed in the geomorphological literature, yet are a critical part of survey georeferencing, and are responsible for balancing the contributions of tie and control points. We provide a Monte Carlo approach to enable geomorphologists to (1) carefully consider sources of survey error and hence increase the accuracy of SfM based DEMs and (2) minimise the associated field effort by robust determination of suitable lower density deployments of ground control. By identifying appropriate processing settings and highlighting photogrammetric issues such as over parameterisation during camera self calibration, processing artefacts are reduced and the spatial variability of error minimised. We demonstrate such DEM improvements with a commonly used SfM based software (PhotoScan) which we augment with semi automated and automated identification of ground control points (GCPs) in images, and apply to two contrasting case studies an erosion gully survey (Taroudant, Morocco) and an active landslide survey (Super Sauze, France) In the gully survey, refined processing settings eliminated step like artefacts of up to 50 mm in amplitude, and overall DEM variability with GCP selection improved from 37 to 16 mm. In the much more challenging landslide case study, our processing halved planimetric error to 0.1 m, effectively doubling the frequency at which changes in landslide velocity could be detected. In both case studies, the Monte Carlo approach provided a robust demonstration that field effort could by substantially reduced by only deploying approximately half the number of GCPs, with minimal effect on the survey quality. To reduce processing artefacts and promote confidence in SfM based geomorphological surveys, published results should include processing details which include the image residuals for both tie points and GCPs, and ensure that these are considered appropriately within the workflow.
Extracting Relationship of Meeting Minutes Generated by Speech Recognition System using Entity Resolution

A minutes generation system by speech recognition automatically records minutes generated from voice data in the meeting. If generated minutes were not strictly managed, the minutes would possibly include error words caused by the speech recognition. Such error words makes information retrieval on minutes difficult. To address the problem, this paper proposes a technique to extract relationship of minutes generated by the speech recognition. Our technique is based on "collective entity resolution in relational data." This paper also reports an experimental evaluation of our technique. The experimental result suggests effectiveness of the technique for minutes texts including error words.
Modeling Polymorphic Molecular Crystals with Electronic Structure Theory.
Venue: Chemical reviews

Interest in molecular crystals has grown thanks to their relevance to pharmaceuticals, organic semiconductor materials, foods, and many other applications. Electronic structure methods have become an increasingly important tool for modeling molecular crystals and polymorphism. This article reviews electronic structure techniques used to model molecular crystals, including periodic density functional theory, periodic second order Moller Plesset perturbation theory, fragment based electronic structure methods, and diffusion Monte Carlo. It also discusses the use of these models for predicting a variety of crystal properties that are relevant to the study of polymorphism, including lattice energies, structures, crystal structure prediction, polymorphism, phase diagrams, vibrational spectroscopies, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Finally, tools for analyzing crystal structures and intermolecular interactions are briefly discussed.
Tuning space mapping with tuning exponent of T matrix

Tuning space mapping (TSM) with tuning exponent parameter of T matrix is proposed. A section of design interest in the electromagnetic (EM) model is replaced by "n" pieces cascaded T matrixes, and each T matrix is the EM simulated T parameter of preassigned unit cell circuit (PUCC) Finally the optimal exponent parameter of T matrix is transferred to original design variables. The proposed TSM not only inherits the advantages of circuit tuning element less (CTEL) TSM in prior art but also overcome the number range limitation that the tuning parameter must be positive for tuning in CTEL TSM. The proposed method has the minimal specification error and lowest simulation time comparing with other TSM methods. Verification examples, comparisons and discussions are also implemented.  Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2015.
Research on feature based opinion mining using topic maps
Venue: Electron. Libr.

Opinion mining (OM) also known as "sentiment classification" which aims to discover common patterns of user opinions from their textual statements automatically or semi automatically, is not only useful for customers, but also for manufacturers. However, because of the complexity of natural language, there are still some problems, such as domain dependence of sentiment words, extraction of implicit features and others. The purpose of this paper is to propose an OM method based on topic maps to solve these problems.  Domain specific knowledge is key to solve problems in feature based OM. On the one hand, topic maps, as an ontology framework, are composed of topics, associations, occurrences and scopes, and can represent a class of knowledge representation schemes. On the other hand, compared with ontology, topic maps have many advantages. Thus, it is better to integrate domain specific knowledge into OM based on topic maps. This method can make full use of the semantic relationships among feature words and sentiment words.  In feature level OM, most of the existing research associate product features and opinions by their explicit co occurrence, or use syntax parsing to judge the modification relationship between opinion words and product features within a review unit. They are mostly based on the structure of language units without considering domain knowledge. Only few methods based on ontology incorporate domain knowledge into feature based OM, but they only use the "is a" relation between concepts. Therefore, this paper proposes feature based OM using topic maps. The experimental results revealed that this method can improve the accuracy of the OM. The findings of this study not only advance the state of OM research but also shed light on future research directions.  To demonstrate the "feature based OM using topic maps" applications, this work implements a prototype that helps users to find their new washing machines.  This paper presents a new method of feature based OM using topic maps, which can integrate domain specific knowledge into feature based OM effectively. This method can improve the accuracy of the OM greatly. The proposed method can be applied across various application domains, such as e commerce and e government.
FUNDAMENTOS DA ENGENHARIA KANSEI: UMA REVISAO BIBLIOGRAFICA E SUA RELACAO ENTRE O DESIGN DE SUPERFICIE E O INTERIOR DE AERONAVE

The article aims to recognize the main approaches to the methodology of Kansei Engineering (KE) and identify the important authors. Discuss the agreement on the development of methods of KE, there are theoretical gaps on the issues. The literature reviews and systematic were applied. The results show the scientific study on the subject address techniques for successful devices.
Geochemical evidence of organic matter source input and depositional environments in the lower and upper Eagle Ford Formation, south Texas

Late Cretaceous source rocks in the south Texas Eagle Ford Formation were characterized based on geochemical features of the Iona 1 core, which penetrates the lower and upper Eagle Ford Formation. This set of immature samples provides a detailed record of the variation of organic matter (OM) sources across different depositional facies. Our results show that organic matter rich shales are dominated by marine Type II kerogen. Lower Eagle Ford (LEF) contains high sulfur kerogen (Type II S) with S/C 0.04, and a minor contribution of terrestrial OM is evident in the upper Eagle Ford (UEF) Combined geochemical data from Iona 1 core samples based on bulk geochemical rock properties, residual oil chromatography and biomarker analyses reveal that the total organic carbon content and extractable bitumen content in the LEF are higher than in the UEF; redox sensitive biomarkers demonstrate that sulfur rich photic zone anoxia/euxinia developed in the LEF and that persistent oxygenation occurs during deposition of the UEF. Sulfur rich kerogen in the LEF, in turn, generates medium/high sulfur containing oils (up to 2.6% As a consequence of the elevated sulfur contents in the LEF, oil/bitumen generation initiated earlier and at lower maturity levels than in the UEF. High levels of anomalous 22S/(22S 22R) homohopane ratios and 20S 5a,14a,17a steranes have been observed in the LEF interval, which is controversial because of the low maturity level indicated by most bulk geochemical thermal maturity parameters, including Tmax calculated %Ro ~0.45) and Ts/(Ts Tm) as well as C29Ts/(C29Ts C29) hopane and C29bb/(bb aa) sterane ratios. These anomalously high thermal maturity parameters are more likely caused by enhanced isomerisations due to high organic sulfur content under reducing depositional environments in the LEF rather than by thermal maturation. Hypothetical diagenetic pathways for the sulfurisation of homohopanoids and steroids are proposed to explain their abnormal isomerisations in the LEF.
Translation effects: The shaping of modern Canadian culture

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Feasibility of establishing the strategies developed at the Naft Hospital in Tehran according to the excellence model of European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM)

The realm of health care which organizations face in the recent years has been described at a high level of dynamism. To survive in such these conditions, performance appraisal can have an effective role in providing the quality services. The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of establishing the strategies developed at the Naft Hospital in Tehran according to the excellence model of European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) This study was a descriptive survey. The collecting data tool was the standard questionnaire of EFQM excellence model. Research information was gathered from a sample of 48 patients of the experts in Tehran Naft Hospital. Samples were randomly selected. A statistical analytic descriptive method was used to analyze the gathered data. The results show that Tehran Naft Hospital has obtained the score 61.35 of the considered 100 points. This score indicates that the hospital is in a good situation. According to the hospital's performance in mid to high range, more attention to the treatment management in this hospital is required. Therefore, providing an effective and efficient program to improve the performance of this hospital is essential. Meanwhile, it seems that the business excellence model can be used as a comprehensive model for evaluating the performance of hospitals.