nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Reward association facilitates distractor suppression in human visual search
Venue: The European journal of neuroscience

Although valuable objects are attractive in nature, people often encounter situations where they would prefer to avoid such distraction while focusing on the task goal. Contrary to the typical effect of attentional capture by a reward associated item, we provide evidence for a facilitation effect derived from the active suppression of a high reward associated stimulus when cuing its identity as distractor before the display of search arrays. Selection of the target is shown to be significantly faster when the distractors were in high reward associated colour than those in low reward associated or non rewarded colours. This behavioural reward effect was associated with two neural signatures before the onset of the search display: the increased frontal theta oscillation and the strengthened top down modulation from frontal to anterior temporal regions. The former suggests an enhanced working memory representation for the reward associated stimulus and the increased need for cognitive control to override Pavlovian bias, whereas the latter indicates that the boost of inhibitory control is realized through a frontal top down mechanism. These results suggest a mechanism in which the enhanced working memory representation of a reward associated feature is integrated with task demands to modify attentional priority during active distractor suppression and benefit behavioural performance.
Information system end user satisfaction and continuance intention: A unified modeling approach
Venue: J. Biomed. Informatics

Permanent evaluation of end user satisfaction and continuance intention is a critical issue at each phase of a clinical information system (CIS) project, but most validation studies are concerned with the pre or early post adoption phases.  The purpose of this study was twofold: to validate at the Pompidou University Hospital (HEGP) an information technology late post adoption model built from four validated models and to propose a unified metamodel of evaluation that could be adapted to each context or deployment phase of a CIS project.  Five dimensions, i.e. CIS quality (CISQ) perceived usefulness (PU) confirmation of expectations (CE) user satisfaction (SAT) and continuance intention (CI) were selected to constitute the CI evaluation model. The validity of the model was tested using the combined answers to four surveys performed between 2011 and 2015, i.e. more than ten years after the opening of HEGP in July 2000. Structural equation modeling was used to test the eight model associated hypotheses.  The multi professional study group of 571 responders consisted of 158 doctors, 282 nurses, and 131 secretaries. The evaluation model accounted for 84% of variance of satisfaction and 53% of CI variance for the period 2011 2015 and for 92% and 69% for the period 2014 2015. In very late post adoption, CISQ appears to be the major determinant of satisfaction and CI. Combining the results obtained at various phases of CIS deployment, a Unified Model of Information System Continuance (UMISC) is proposed.  In a meaningful CIS use situation at HEGP, this study confirms the importance of CISQ in explaining satisfaction and CI. The proposed UMISC model that can be adapted to each phase of CIS deployment could facilitate the necessary efforts of permanent CIS acceptance and continuance evaluation.
Dressing up Tinderella: interrogating authenticity claims on the mobile dating app Tinder

Mobile dating applications 'apps' have increased in popularity over recent years, with Tinder among the first to break into the mainstream heterosexual market. Since mobile dating intensifies the need to confirm that potential dates are not misrepresenting themselves and are safe to meet in person, Tinder's success indicates that it has allayed these concerns regarding the authenticity of its users. This article combines Giddens' conceptualization of authenticity, as the ability to reference a coherent biographical narrative, with Callon's sociology of translation to investigate Tinder's framing of authenticity within mobile dating. Applying a walkthrough method that interrogates Tinder's technological architecture, promotional materials, and related media, this hybrid theoretical framework is used to identify how Tinder configures an actor network that establishes its app as the solution to users' concerns, enrols individuals in using its features in authenticity claims, and popularizes Tinder's framing across public discourse. This network of human and non human actors frames authenticity as being established through one's Facebook profile and adherence to normative standards relating to age, gender, ethnicity, and socio economic status. However, user discourses on other social media identify and challenge negative outcomes of this framing, with normativity fostering discrimination and Facebook verification failing to prevent abusive behaviour. This case study of Tinder paves the way for future investigation into user responses to its framing. Furthermore, it demonstrates the efficacy and broader applicability of this theoretical approach for identifying both human and technological influences on the construction of authenticity with digital media.
Student teachers' emotional needs and dichotomous problem solving: non cognitive root causes of teaching and learning problems

This study investigated whether typical field instruction practice adequately addressed student teachers' emotional needs and discerned whether unmet needs interrupted teacher learning. Four student teachers completed weekly needs based writing tasks, based on a broad application of Needs Theory. At the conclusion of the 16 week practicum, data collected during typical field instruction practices (transcripts of weekly conferences, observation field notes, and reflective writing tasks) were compared with non typically collected data (needs based writing task) Findings from within case and cross case analyses illuminated non cognitive root causes of teaching and learning problems. Student teachers' dichotomous problem solving, when attempting to satisfy emotional needs, thwarted teacher learning opportunities.
Comparative Analysis of the Thermal Insulation of Traditional and Newly Designed Protective Clothing for Foundry Workers
Venue: Polymers

An objective of the undertaken research was checking the applicability of aluminized basalt fabrics for the production of clothing for foundry workers. The results of flammability, the resistance to contact, convective and radiation heat, as well as the resistance to big molten metal splashes confirmed the thesis of applicability of the packages with the use of aluminized basalt fabric content for the assumed purpose; therefore, such protective clothing was produced. Thermal comfort of foundry workers is very important and related to many factors, i.e. the structure of the protective clothing package, the number of layers, their thickness, the distance between the body and appropriate underwear. In the paper, a comparison of the results of thermal insulation measurement of two kinds of protective clothing is presented: the traditional one made of aluminized glass fabrics and the new one made of aluminized basalt fabrics. Measurements of clothing thermal insulation were conducted using a thermal manikin dressed in the protective clothing and three kinds of underwear products covering the upper and lower part of the manikin.
n Type polysilicon passivating contact for industrial bifacial n type solar cells

We present a high performance bifacial n type solar cell with LPCVD n+ polysilicon (polySi) back side passivating contacts and fire through screen printed metallization, processed on full area 6' Cz wafers. The cells were manufactured with low cost industrial process steps yielding a best efficiency of 20.7% and an average Voc of 674 mV. We analysed effects of variation of doping level, thickness, and oxide properties of the n type polySi/SiOx layers, as well as hydrogenation from a PECVD SiNx:H coating, which led to recombination current densities down to ~2 fA/cm2 and ~4 fA/cm2 on planar and textured surface, respectively. Analysis shows that the wafer bulk lifetime in the cell is high and that the Voc of the cell is limited by the Jo of the uniform diffused boron emitter and its contacts. Ways to improve the efficiency of the cell to >22% are indicated.
Recombination Behavior of Photolithography free Back Junction Back Contact Solar Cells with Carrier selective Polysilicon on Oxide Junctions for Both Polarities

We report on ion implanted, inkjet patterned back junction back contact silicon solar cells with POLysilicon on Oxide (POLO) junctions for both polarities n+ doped BSF and p+ doped emitter. The recombination behavior is investigated at two different processing stages: before and after trench separation of p+ and n+ regions within polysilicon (poly Si) Before trench separation, we find a systematic dependence of the recombination behavior on the BSF index, i.e. the p+n+ junction meander length in the poly Si. Obviously, recombination at the p+n+ junction in the poly Si limits the implied open circuit voltage Voc,impl. at one sun illumination and the implied pseudo fill factor pFFimpl. to 695 mV and 80% respectively. After trench isolation, however, Voc,impl (pFFimpl. values increase up to 730 mV (85.5% corresponding to a pseudo efficiency of 26.2% for an assumed short circuit current density Jsc of 42 mA/cm2. We demonstrate a photolithography free back junction back contacted solar cell with p type and n type POLO junctions with an in house measured champion efficiency of 23.9% on a designated area of 3.97 cm2. This efficiency is mainly limited by the imperfect passivation in the undoped trench regions and at the undoped front side.
Tapered polysilicon core fibers for nonlinear photonics.
Venue: Optics letters

We propose and demonstrate a novel approach to obtaining small core polysilicon waveguides from the silicon fiber platform. The fibers were fabricated via a conventional drawing tower method and, subsequently, tapered down to achieve silicon core diameters of ~1 mm, the smallest optical cores for this class of fiber to date. Characterization of the material properties have shown that the taper process helps to improve the local crystallinity of the silicon core, resulting in a significant reduction in the material loss. By exploiting the combination of small cores and low losses, these tapered fibers have enabled the first observation of nonlinear transmission within a polycrystalline silicon waveguide of any type. As the fiber drawing method is highly scalable, it opens a route for the development of low cost and flexible nonlinear silicon photonic systems.
Micromechanical Characterization of Polysilicon Films through On Chip Tests
Venue: Sensors

When the dimensions of polycrystalline structures become comparable to the average grain size, some reliability issues can be reported for the moving parts of inertial microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) Not only the overall behavior of the device turns out to be affected by a large scattering, but also the sensitivity to imperfections gets enhanced. In this work, through on chip tests, we experimentally investigate the behavior of thin polysilicon samples using standard electrostatic actuation/sensing. The discrepancy between the target and actual responses of each sample has then been exploited to identify: (i) the overall stiffness of the film and, according to standard continuum elasticity, a morphology based value of its Young's modulus; (ii) the relevant over etch induced by the fabrication process. To properly account for the aforementioned stochastic features at the micro scale, the identification procedure has been based on particle filtering. A simple analytical reduced order model of the moving structure has been also developed to account for the nonlinearities in the electrical field, up to pull in. Results are reported for a set of ten film samples of constant slenderness, and the effects of different actuation mechanisms on the identified micromechanical features are thoroughly discussed.
High speed polysilicon CMOS photodetector for telecom and datacom

Absorption by mid bandgap states in polysilicon or heavily implanted silicon has been previously utilized to implement guided wave infrared photodetectors in CMOS compatible photonic platforms. Here, we demonstrate a resonant guided wave photodetector based on the polysilicon layer that is used for the transistor gate in a microelectronic SOI CMOS process without any change to the foundry process flow "zero change" CMOS) Through a combination of doping mask layers, a lateral pn junction diode in the polysilicon is demonstrated with a strong electric field to enable efficient photo carrier extraction and high speed operation. This photodetector has a responsivity of more than 0.14 A/W from 1300 to 1600 nm, a 10 GHz bandwidth, and 80 nA dark current at 15 V reverse bias.
Writing History in a Propaganda Institute Political Power and Network Dynamics in Communist Romania

In 1990, the Institute for Historical and Socio Political Studies of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party was closed, since the Party was dissolved by the Romanian Revolution. Similar institutions had existed in all countries belonging to the Soviet bloc. This Institute was founded in 1951 under the name of the Party History Institute, and modelled on the Marx Lenin Engels Institute in Moscow. Since then, it served the Communist Party in producing thousands of books and journals on the history of the Party and of Romania, following Party orders. Previous research has portrayed the Institute as a loyal executioner of the Party's will, negating the agency of its history writers in influencing the duties of the Institute. However, the recent opening of the Institute's archive has shown that a number of internal and previously obscured dynamics impacted on its activities. This book is dedicated to the study of the Party History Institute, of the history writers employed there, and of the narratives they produced. By studying the history writers and their host institution, this study re contextualizes the historiography produced under Communist rule by analysing the actual conditions under which it was written: the interrelation between dynamics of control and the struggle for resources, power and positions play a fundamental role in this history. This is the first scholarly inquiry about a highly controversial institute that struggled in order to follow the constantly shifting Party narrative canon, while competing formaterial resources with rival Party and academic institutions. The main actors in this study are the history writers: Party veterans, young propagandists and educated historians, in conflicting networks and groups, struggled in order to gain access to the limited resources and positions provided by the Party, and in order to survive the political changes imposed by the leadership. By doing so they succeed, on many occasions, to influence the activities of the Institute.
Impacts of festivals and events on residents' well being

This study investigated how residents' participation in local festivals may influence their subjective well being and their quality of life. Using data collected from local attendees of a film festival, this study examined the relationship between socio cultural impacts of a festival and subjective well being of local residents. Findings revealed that while community benefits and cultural/educational benefits are positive predictors of subjective well being of residents, quality life concerns were found to have negative impact on the well being of residents. Findings also revealed no significant relationship between community resource concerns and subjective well being of residents.
A Cross Layer Quality Oriented Scheme for Energy Efficient Multimedia Delivery in Wireless Networks
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

Limited battery life has become a critical issue, particularly when mobile devices run multimedia applications, for which users have high quality expectations. In this paper, we propose a cross layer quality oriented energy efficient multimedia delivery scheme (Q PASTE) which balances the need for the following: increased energy efficiency/battery lifetime and high user quality of experience. The contribution of this work is twofold. First, the Packet/ApplicaTion manager (PAT) is employed as a novel traffic shaping scheme at the application layer of both the gateway and the client host. At the service gateway, PAT first utilizes a fast start approach to support smooth multimedia playback and then shapes traffic from the server into bursts to reduce the wireless transceivers duty cycle for energy efficiency. At the client side, PAT performs traffic monitoring and provides the medium access control (MAC) layer with session specific traffic related information. Second, a MAC located Slow sTart Exponential and Linear Algorithm (STELA) is proposed, which adjusts the sleep/wakeup schedule of the wireless network interface card (WNIC) to increase energy efficiency. An additional parameter tuning procedure working with the information provided by PAT ensures that data arrive at the client without serious delays. It is demonstrated both analytically and via simulations that the proposed scheme improves energy efficiency significantly, in comparison with other solutions, while maintaining high quality levels.
Energy Efficient Multimedia Data Dissemination in Vehicular Clouds: Stochastic Reward Nets Based Coalition Game Approach
Venue: IEEE Systems Journal

In this paper, we investigate an energy efficiency issue for multimedia applications in a vehicular cloud environment. The problem of energy efficiency is formulated as a stochastic reward nets (SRNs) based coalition game, in which vehicles are assumed as the players that formulate the coalition among themselves using a predefined criteria based on the demand generated and the available resources at the nearest cloudlet. A demand and supply based payoff value function is formulated for each player in the game. The processes and actions of the players are represented as SRNs in which each player should have a finite number of tokens to fire its actions. To reduce the delay, each vehicle accesses resources such as memory, processing power, and storage from the nearest cloudlet that may be either at the road side units deployed near the road or on the vehicles. The actions of the players are associated with a cardinality that represents the number of rewards and actions they have taken in a unit interval of time after interacting with an environment that is stochastic in this paper. For each action performed by the players, they may get feedback in the form of a reward or a penalty, according to which each player updates its action probability vector that helps them take the next actions in the game. An energy efficient algorithm for frame scheduling using the nearest cloudlet is also proposed. The performance of the proposed algorithm is found to be satisfactory with respect to various evaluation metrics. In particular, there is an increment of 10% 15% in profit generation, with 20% 25% reduction in the delay, and an increment of 20% in the packet delivery ratio.
An Energy Efficient Multimedia Streaming Transport Protocol Over Heterogeneous Wireless Networks
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

This paper presents an energy efficient multipath streaming transport protocol to support a seamless high quality video streaming service over heterogeneous wireless networks. The proposed protocol employs raptor codes to alleviate video quality degradation caused by wireless channel errors and the diverse characteristics of wireless networks. Furthermore, it is designed to reduce the energy consumption of a mobile device because more energy is generally consumed to activate multiple wireless networks and perform supplementary raptor decoding. For energy saving at the receiver side, the proposed protocol not only shapes a video stream but determines the raptor encoding parameters such as code rate, symbol size, and the number of source symbols as well, while considering the energy consumption of on the fly raptor decoding. The proposed protocol is fully implemented using C/C+ and Java on an Android based smartphone and examined over real heterogeneous wireless networks. The proposed protocol can achieve good energy efficiency while providing a seamless high quality video streaming service compared with existing protocols.
Automatic Tamil Lyric Generation based on neuro linguistics
Venue: ICIA

Lyric consists of verses which can be sung as a song. Lyric is a work of a lyricist, who tries to introduce his imagination and elucidate a concept. In this work, we try to automate the process of lyric generation using computer. There are many challenges in this because lyrics need to be meaningful and semantically related to the situation. Moreover, there should be logical coherence between words in a line and between lines. The formation of poetic verses differentiate a poem from a prose. It is found that in real life generation of lyric is not only based on the input scene, but get influenced by other factors: image of the location, dialect, authors poetic style. Usually, the lyricist tries to add the dialect flavour to the lyric to give a natural feel. Unintentionally, the authors poetic style stick to the lyric, he writes. Also, we found that most of the objects found in the image were used in the lyric as simile or metaphor. Automatic generation of lyric will reduce the work of the lyricist. This project tries to add dialect, image and author based features to the lyric, so that the generated lyric becomes more sophisticated.
Physical, thermal, chemical and rheological characterization of cellulosic microfibrils and microparticles produced from soybean hulls

Soybean hulls were used to isolate cellulosic microfibrils (SMF) and brick like microparticles (SMP) by combining chemical and mechanical pretreatments. The key physical and chemical features of SMF and SMP were compared with those of micro and nanofibrillated cellulose (MNFC) obtained from fully bleached wood fibers. SMF and SMP chemical composition includes residual polysaccharides and lignin that endow such biologically derived materials with properties typical of nanocellulosics. Compared to MNFC, SMF and SMP exhibit enhanced crystallinity 10% higher) and thermal stability (onset degradation temperature >295 degC and maximum degradation at 361 and 355 degC) Such observations make SMF and SMP suitable for reinforcement in thermoplastic composites. A strong shear thinning behavior was observed for aqueous dispersions of SMF and SMP, revealing that these cellulose microstructures are of interest for rheology modification, coatings and films. Overall, the availability and low cost of biomass from residual soybean hulls constitutes a viable option for their use as a feedstock for the production and development of novel materials from SMF and SMP.