nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Innovative Authoring Tools for Online Courses with Assignments Integrating Heterogeneous Tools of e Learning Platforms into Hybrid Application Solutions
Venue: iJET

This paper is concerned with an essential topic in e learning course content authoring. Besides supporting the concept of Competence Based Learning (CBL) our solution is aiming to make effective use of an open integration architecture fostering the interoperability of hybrid e learning solutions. Modern scenarios ask for interoperable software solutions to seamlessly integrate existing e learning infrastructures and legacy tools with innovative technologies while being cognitively efficient to handle. In this way, prospective users are enabled to use them seamlessly without learning overheads. At the same time, methods of Learning Design (LD) in combination with CBL are getting more and more important to produce and maintain easy to facilitate solutions. Our approach of developing a competence based course authoring and assignment support software bridges the gaps between Moodle and established legacy infrastructures by embedding existing legacy tools via Learning Tools Interoperability (LTI) The underlying conceptual architecture for this integration approach and its components will be introduced; furthermore a Moodle plugin will be outlined, which enables Moodle for LD and CBL support including corresponding data exchange with our course authoring tool. The paper concludes with an outlook on future plans for our research and development.
Vitamin C is taken up by human T cells via sodium dependent vitamin C transporter 2 (SVCT2) and exerts inhibitory effects on the activation of these cells in vitro
Venue: Anatomy cell biology

Vitamin C is an essential micronutrient that affects immune responses. T cells are one of the main players in acquired immunity and have been reported to be influenced by in vivo vitamin C supplementation. Yet, the way by which T cells uptake vitamin C and what direct effects vitamin C exerts on the cells are not known. To elucidate, we isolated human peripheral blood T cells and analyzed the expression of sodium dependent vitamin C transporters (SVCT) T cells were activated in vitro in the absence or presence of vitamin C, before or after activation. As results, human T cells expressed SVCT2, but not SVCT1, and the expression level increased following activation. Vitamin C added in the culture media generally did not affect T cell behaviors following activation, such as proliferation, apoptosis, expression of CD25 and CD69, and interleukin 2 secretion, regardless whether it was added before or after activation. However, exceptionally, high concentration vitamin C, when it was added before activation, but not after activation, did exert toxic effects on cell activation with respect to the above mentioned parameters. In conclusion, we showed the expression of SVCT2 in human T cells for the first time. Vitamin C exerted toxic effects, at least in vitro, when the concentration was high and when it was given before activation. These toxic effects are not thought to be via anti oxidant effects of vitamin C.
Vitamin D and colorectal cancer: molecular, epidemiological and clinical evidence
Venue: British Journal of Nutrition

In many cells throughout the body, vitamin D is converted into its active form calcitriol and binds to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) which functions as a transcription factor to regulate various biological processes including cellular differentiation and immune response. Vitamin D metabolising enzymes (including CYP24A1 and CYP27B1) and VDR play major roles in exerting and regulating the effects of vitamin D. Preclinical and epidemiological studies have provided evidence for anti cancer effects of vitamin D (particularly against colorectal cancer) although clinical trials have yet to prove its benefit. In addition, molecular pathological epidemiology research can provide insights into the interaction of vitamin D with tumour molecular and immunity status. Other future research directions include genome wide research on VDR transcriptional targets, gene environment interaction analyses and clinical trials on vitamin D efficacy in colorectal cancer patients. In this study, we review the literature on vitamin D and colorectal cancer from both mechanistic and population studies and discuss the links and controversies within and between the two parts of evidence.
Comparison of Amount of Primary Tooth Reduction Required for Anterior and Posterior Zirconia and Stainless Steel Crowns.
Venue: Pediatric dentistry

To determine if aggressiveness of primary tooth preparation varied among different brands of zirconia and stainless steel (SSC) crowns.  One hundred primary typodont teeth were divided into five groups (10 posterior and 10 anterior) and assigned to: Cheng Crowns (CC) EZ Pedo (EZP) Kinder Krowns (KKZ) NuSmile (NSZ) and SSC. Teeth were prepared, and assigned crowns were fitted. Teeth were weighed prior to and after preparation. Weight changes served as a surrogate measure of tooth reduction.  Analysis of variance showed a significant difference in tooth reduction among brand/type for both the anterior and posterior. Tukey's honest significant difference test (HSD) when applied to anterior data, revealed that SSCs required significantly less tooth removal compared to the composite of the four zirconia brands, which showed no significant difference among them. Tukey's HSD test, applied to posterior data, revealed that CC required significantly greater removal of crown structure, while EZP, KKZ, and NSZ were statistically equivalent, and SSCs required significantly less removal.  Zirconia crowns required more tooth reduction than stainless steel crowns for primary anterior and posterior teeth. Tooth reduction for anterior zirconia crowns was equivalent among brands. For posterior teeth, reduction for three brands (EZ Pedo, Kinder Krowns, NuSmile) did not differ, while Cheng Crowns required more reduction.
Abelian Hidden Subgroup Problem
Venue: Encyclopedia of Algorithms

Voronoi Diagrams 5 A 2. Cheung K, Mosca M (2001) Decomposing finite Abelian groups.  (2014) Quantum computation of discrete logarithms in semigroups.  (2010) Constructing elliptic curve isogenies in quantum subexponential time.   5. Cleve R, Ekert A, Macchiavello C, Mosca M (1998) Quantum algorithms revisited. Proc R Soc Lond A 454:339 354 6. Deutsch D (1985) Quantum theory, the ChurchTuring principle and the universal quantum computer. Proc R Soc Lond A 400:97 117 7. Deutsch D, Jozsa R (1992) Rapid solutions of problems by quantum computation. Proc R Soc Lond Ser A 439:553 558 8. Ettinger M, Hoyer P, Knill E (2004) The quantum query complexity of the hidden subgroup problem is polynomial.  Friedl K, Ivanyos G, Santha M (2005) Efficient testing of groups.  Baltimore, pp 157 166 10. Grigoriev D (1997) Testing shift equivalence of polynomials by deterministic, probabilistic and quantum machines.   (2006) Quantum computation of zeta functions of curves. Comput Complex 15:1 19 14. Kitaev A (1995) Quantum measurements and the Abelian stabilizer problem.  (1996) Quantum measurements and the Abelian stabilizer problem.  Electronic Colloquium on Computational Complexity (ECCC) vol 3. http:/eccc.hpi web.de/report/1996/003/ 16. Kitaev A. Yu (1997) Quantum computations: algorithms and error correction.  Mosca M, Ekert A (1998) The hidden subgroup problem and eigenvalue estimation on a quantum computer.  Lecture notes in computer science, vol 1509. Springer, Berlin, pp 174 188 18. Shor P (1994) Algorithms for quantum computation: discrete logarithms and factoring.  (1997) Polynomial time algorithms for prime factorization and discrete logarithms on a quantum computer.  (1994) On the power of quantum computation.  Simon D (1997) On the power of quantum computation.  Watrous J (2000) Quantum algorithms for solvable groups.  Portland, pp 60 67 23. Vazirani U (1997) Berkeley lecture notes. Fall. Lecture 8.  DiagramsVoronoi Diagrams Rolf Klein Institute for Computer Science, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Does Subjective Rating Reflect Behavioural Coding? Personality in 2 Month Old Dog Puppies: An Open Field Test and Adjective Based Questionnaire
Venue: PloS one

A number of studies have recently investigated personality traits in non human species, with the dog gaining popularity as a subject species for research in this area. Recent research has shown the consistency of personality traits across both context and time for adult dogs, both when using questionnaire based methods of investigation and behavioural analyses of the dogs' behaviour. However, only a few studies have assessed the correspondence between these two methods, with results varying considerably across studies. Furthermore, most studies have focused on adult dogs, despite the fact that an understanding of personality traits in young puppies may be important for research focusing on the genetic basis of personality traits. In the current study, we sought to evaluate the correspondence between a questionnaire based method and the in depth analyses of the behaviour of 2 month old puppies in an open field test in which a number of both social and non social stimuli were presented to the subjects. We further evaluated consistency of traits over time by re testing a subset of puppies. The correspondence between methods was high and test retest consistency (for the main trait) was also good using both evaluation methods. Results showed clear factors referring to the two main personality traits 'extroversion, (i.e. the enthusiastic, exuberant approach to the stimuli) and 'neuroticism, (i.e. the more cautious and fearful approach to the stimuli) potentially similar to the shyness boldness dimension found in previous studies. Furthermore, both methods identified an 'amicability' dimension, expressing the positive interactions the pups directed at the humans stranger, and a 'reservedness' dimension which identified pups who largely chose not to interact with the stimuli, and were defined as quiet and not nosey in the questionnaire.
Lung VITAL: Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of an ancillary study evaluating the effects of vitamin D and/or marine omega 3 fatty acid supplements on acute exacerbations of chronic respiratory disease, asthma control, pneumonia and lung function in adults.
Venue: Contemporary clinical trials

Laboratory and observational research studies suggest that vitamin D and marine omega 3 fatty acids may reduce risk for pneumonia, acute exacerbations of respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) or asthma, and decline of lung function, but prevention trials with adequate dosing, adequate power, and adequate time to follow up are lacking. The ongoing Lung VITAL study is taking advantage of a large clinical trial the VITamin D and OmegA 3 TriaL (VITAL) to conduct the first major evaluation of the influences of vitamin D and marine omega 3 fatty acid supplementation on pneumonia risk, respiratory exacerbation episodes, asthma control and lung function in adults. VITAL is a 5 year U.S. wide randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, 2 x 2 factorial trial of supplementation with vitamin D3 [cholecalciferol] 2000 IU/day) and marine omega 3 FA (Omacor(r) fish oil, eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]+docosahexaenoic acid [DHA] 1g/day) for primary prevention of CVD and cancer among men and women, at baseline aged =50 and =55, respectively, with 5107 African Americans. In a subset of 1973 participants from 11 urban U.S. centers, lung function is measured before and two years after randomization. Yearly follow up questionnaires assess incident pneumonia in the entire randomized population, and exacerbations of respiratory disease, asthma control and dyspnea in a subpopulation of 4314 randomized participants enriched, as shown in presentation of baseline characteristics, for respiratory disease, respiratory symptoms, and history of cigarette smoking. Self reported pneumonia hospitalization will be confirmed by medical record review, and exacerbations will be confirmed by Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services data review.
Predictive Effects of Lung function test on Postoperative Pneumonia in Squamous Esophageal Cancer
Venue: Scientific reports

Pulmonary function tests had prospective implications for postoperative pneumonia, which occurred frequently after esophagectomy. Understanding factors that were associated with pulmonary infection may help in patient selection and postoperative management. We performed a retrospective review of 2 independent cohorts including 216 patients who underwent esophagectomy between November 2011 and May 2014, aiming at identifying predictors of primary pneumonia. Univariate analysis was used to identify potential covariates for the development of primary pneumonia. Adjustments for multiple comparisons were made using False Discovery Rate (FDR) (Holm Bonferroni method) Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors and construct a regression model based on a training cohort (n 166) and then the regression model was validated using an independent cohort (n 50) It showed that low PEF (hazard ratio 0.97, P 0.009) was independent risk factors for the development of primary pneumonia in multivariate analyses and had a predictive effect for primary pneumonia (AUC 0.691 and 0.851 for training and validation data set, respectively) Therefore, PEF has clinical value in predicting postoperative pneumonia after esophagectomy and it may serve as an indicator of preoperative lung function training.
Assimilating South African medical students trained in Cuba into the South African medical education system: reflections from an identity perspective
Venue: BMC medical education

BackgroundIn terms of the Nelson Mandela Fidel Castro Medical Collaboration programme, an agreement between the governments of South Africa and Cuba, cohorts of South African students receive their initial five years medical training at a Cuban university before returning to South Africa for a six to twelve months orientation before integration into the local final year class. It is common for these students to experience academic difficulty on their return. Frequently this is viewed merely as a matter of a knowledge deficit.DiscussionWe argue that the problem arises from a fundamental divergence in the outcomes of the Cuban and South African medical curricula, each of which is designed with a particular healthcare system in mind. Using the discrepancy theory of identity proposed by Higgins in 1987, we discuss the challenges experienced by the returning Nelson Mandela Fidel Castro Medical Collaboration students in terms of a potential crisis of identity and suggest interventions which may prove valuable in promoting academic success and successful integration.ConclusionsThough providing additional training to address the gap in skills and knowledge in returning students is an important part of their successful reintegration, this could be insufficient on its own and must be complemented by a range of measures designed to ameliorate the discrepancies in identity which arise from the transition from one educational model to another.
Basilio Martin Patino, Desde lo mas hondo: una reflexion sobre tecnologia y flamenco

Incluidos dentro de la serie Andalucia, un siglo de fascinacion, dirigida por Basilio Martin Patino y emitidos por Canal Sur Television, encontramos dos capitulos dedicados al flamenco en los que haciendo uso del genero del falso documental el director presenta en el primero de ellos la posibilidad de recuperar una de las voces miticas del flamenco del siglo XIX, la de Silverio Franconetti, gracias al hallazgo de una plancha de estano, mientras que en el segundo trata de la creacion en el Japon de un museo dedicado al flamenco a partir de la plancha de estano del episodio anterior.En el presente articulo mostramos como la construccion filmica de Martin Patino entraria de lleno en aspectos fundamentales tratados por las investigaciones sobre el flamenco. En primer lugar, el de los origenes miticos del flamenco que, tal vez, quedarian aclarados con la grabacion "encontrada" de Silverio, planteandose incluso la posibilidad de sintetizar esta voz para crear flamenco por medios artificiales. Y en segundo lugar, la creacion de un espacio museistico en un lugar tan lejano como Japon cuyo soporte basico seria uno de los marcadores culturales propios de Andalucia.
Gender and Multidimensional Poverty in South Africa: Applying the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)

Recent work has shown that the gender gap in income poverty has widened in post apartheid South Africa even though overall poverty levels have declined. One of the main criticisms of money metric studies of gendered poverty differences is that income is only one dimension of poverty and that other measures of welfare may better reflect the relative well being of women and female headed households. This article presents a multidimensional approach to measuring the gender poverty gap in post apartheid South Africa. Using data from the 2008 wave of the South African National Income Dynamic Study, the internationally comparable multidimensional poverty index (the MPI) is used to estimate gender differences in a number of different achievements. The findings suggest that the multidimensional gender poverty gap is similar to the poverty gap measured by the conventional money metric approach at several national poverty lines. However, the MPI poverty differential between female and male headed households is slightly narrower than the income poverty gap between these two household types. In order to explore these findings further, the paper decomposes the components of multidimensional poverty by gender and for both female and male headed households. The paper concludes by considering how greater investments in health care delivery and in basic services, particularly in rural areas, may yield progress towards gender equality.
Mesoporous Silica Materials in Drug Delivery System: pH/Glutathione Responsive Release of Poorly Water Soluble Pro drug Quercetin fromTwo and Three dimensional Pore Structure Nanoparticles

Quercetin (Quer) is one of natural products (pro drugs) presenting pharmacological properties such as: anti oxidant, anti inflammatory and anti cancer activities. However, poor solubility of the Quer causes its poor bioavailability, and consequently reduces its therapeutic efficiency. To manage this problem, different actions are undertaken, among other drug delivery systems (DDSs) are investigated. The objective of present work was to evaluate potential applications of silica nanoparticles as quercetin nanocarriers and to investigate the influence of pH conditions and glutathione (GSH, as non redox process) concentrations on quercetin release. Two types of mesoporous silica nanoparticles: MCM 41 (2D arrangement of pores) and KCC 1 (3D arrangement of pores) were synthesized and then functionalized by amino groups. Immersion evaporation method was used to load the Quer in nanoparticles. Several analysis techniques were used (e.g. electron microscopy, X Ray diffraction, Zeta potential, simultaneous thermal analysis connected to FTIR and many more) Obtained results indicated that both types of silica nanoparticles were successfully loaded with quercetin, and that the Quer present in silica mesopores had a non crystalline structure. Loading capacity of functionalized MCM 41 was slightly higher than functionalized KCC 1 (29.11 wt% and 26.49 wt% respectively) This difference could be attributed to the differences in the morphology structures such as surface area and pore volume property. From in vitro release and kinetics studies, the results showed that quercetin release from both materials was pH GSH silica type nanoparticles dependent. In summary, it can be stated that pH/GSH stimuli release of quercetin was achieved using MCM 41 and KCC 1 amine functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles as a drug carriers. Therefore both investigated nanomaterials could be beneficial for long term release
Human antibody recognition of xenogeneic antigens (NeuGc and Gal) on porcine heart valves: could genetically modified pig heart valves reduce structural valve deterioration?
Venue: Xenotransplantation

Glutaraldehyde fixed bioprosthetic heart valves (GBHVs) derived from wild type (WT, genetically unmodified) pigs are widely used clinically for heart valve replacement. There is evidence that their failure is related to an immune response. The use of valves from genetically engineered pigs that do not express specific pig antigens may prolong GBHV survival. Our aims were to determine (i) expression of Gal and NeuGc on heart (aortic and pulmonary) valves and pericardium of WT,  galactosyltransferase gene knockout (GTKO) and GTKO/N glycolylneuraminic acid gene knockout (GTKO/NeuGcKO) pigs in comparison with three different commercially available GBHVs and (ii) to determine human antibody binding to these tissues.
A novel tensor product model transformation based adaptive variable universe of discourse controller
Venue: J. Frankl. Inst.

In this paper, a tensor product (TP) model transformation based variable universe of discourse (VUD) controller is presented for a class of under actuated nonlinear systems. First, the under actuated nonlinear system is transformed into a parameter varying weighted polytopic system by TP model transformation. Next, the VUD approach is extended to the TP model case; in this model, the gains of the error and error derivative in the VUD are calculated by linear matrix inequalities rather than traditional linear methods, such as the linear quadratic regulator or the Lyapunov equation. The TP model transformation based VUD (TPVUD) is augmented with a s adaptive strategy to improve the controller's performance. To demonstrate the advantages of the developed control method, numerical simulations are carried out on a parallel type double inverted pendulum and an aeroelastic wing system. Moreover, experimental results are employed to test the effectiveness of TPVUD on a laboratory scale three dimensional (3 D) crane system.
Non simplex enclosing polytope generation concept for Tensor Product model transformation based controller design
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)

In polytopic model based controller synthesis, the vertices of the model determine the achievable performance characteristics. This paper introduces a new concept, that allows for the sophisticated construction of non simplex enclosing polytopes. The non simplex structures in general, have much better descriptor properties than the simplex one that leads to less conservative synthesis. The paper demonstrates the workflow of controller design for a nonlinear system through the example of the TORA (Translational Oscillator with a Rotational Actuator) system. The numerical results clearly show that the proposed approach is capable of excluding non stabilizable regions located between the exact convex hull and the enclosing simplex. The non simplex polytope leads to an increased number of vertices but it practically does not influence the viability of Tensor Product (TP) formalization and the feasibility of controller design while the achievable control performance can be improved significantly.