nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of composites based nickel foam anode in microbial fuel cell using Acetobacter aceti and Gluconobacter roseus as a biocatalysts.
Venue: Bioresource technology

This study explores the use of materials such as chitosan (chit) polyaniline (PANI) and titanium carbide (TC) as anode materials for microbial fuel cells. Nickel foam (NF) was used as the base anode substrate. Four different types of anodes (NF, NF/PANI, NF/PANI/TC, NF/PANI/TC/Chit) are thus prepared and used in batch type microbial fuel cells operated with a mixed consortium of Acetobacter aceti and Gluconobacter roseus as the biocatalysts and bad wine as a feedstock. A maximum power density of 18.8Wm( 3) (2.3 times higher than NF) was obtained in the case of the anode modified with a composite of PANI/TC/Chit. The MFCs running under a constant external resistance of (50O) yielded 14.7% coulombic efficiency with a maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 87 93% The overall results suggest that the catalytic materials embedded in the chitosan matrix show the best performance and have potentials for further development.
A checklist of the protozoan and metazoan parasites of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) checklist of Anguilla anguilla parasites

A comprehensive literature review on prevalence and distribution of parasites of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in European waters was conducted to set a baseline for future trend analyses and biodiversity considerations. The resulting checklist compiled from peer reviewed journals as well as grey literature including scientific reports, conference contributions, PhD theses and own survey data includes all protozoan and metazoan parasites of the European eel from freshwater, brackish and marine habitats. Parasites are arranged according to phylum and family. Species within families are listed alphabetically. Infected host organs, recorded habitats, localities, countries and literature citations are provided for each species. A total of 161 parasite species/taxa from 30 countries are listed. With the trypanorhynch cestode Tentacularia coryphaenae a new host record could be documented. Furthermore, three new locality records of parasitic nematodes could be added based on own survey data: Anisakis simplex from an eel caught in the Baltic Sea, Eustrongylides mergorum for German freshwaters, and Goezia anguillae from the Tagus estuary in Portugal. Special consideration was given to the distribution of the swimbladder nematode Anguillcoloides (Anguillicola) crassus. A map and table of first reported records of this neozoan parasite species for 25 countries as well as a survey map indicating all published localities documented in the checklist are provided.
Local social entrepreneurship and social capital

This chapter explores the interrelation between social entrepreneurship and social capital at the neighbourhood level. Although the relevance of social capital theory for explaining the phenomenon of social entrepreneurship is obvious and undisputed, in depth academic studies in this area remain scarce. We link social cohesion and collective efficacy, two neighbourhood level components of social capital, to social entrepreneurial activity in the neighbourhood. In this way, we connect the theoretical perspectives of 'institutional void' and 'institutional support' that are addressed in the social entrepreneurship literature. We investigate these relations by using a sample of 360 entrepreneurs in 161 Dutch neighbourhoods and their report of the values they attach to societal and economic goals in their businesses. We find that in particular, collective efficacy in neighbourhoods can be linked to social entrepreneurship. This effect appears to be non linear and U shaped, which supports the idea that both a lack (signalling 'institutional void' and an abundance (signalling 'institutional support' of collective efficacy may trigger social entrepreneurial activities in a neighbourhood.
Fastball Pitch Velocity Helps Predict Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction in Major League Baseball Pitchers
Venue: The American journal of sports medicine

Ulnar collateral ligament injury and its subsequent surgical reconstruction are some of the most common issues among Major League Baseball (MLB) players.  The purpose of this study was to determine factors predictive of ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR) among MLB pitchers. The hypothesis was that pitchers who underwent UCLR would have higher preinjury peak fastball pitch velocity.   Data on pitch velocity, number, and type (fastball, curveball, etc) for every pitcher and game within MLB from April 2, 2007 to April 14, 2015 were gathered from the publically available PitchFx database. Pitcher demographic information was also recorded. Data from after 2012 were excluded to avoid lead time bias. Using publically available information, the names and approximate dates of surgery for every MLB pitcher who ever underwent UCLR, including those before 2007 and after 2012, were collected. Each pitcher game was then classified as "control," "preinjury," or "postoperative." Control and preinjury pitchers were then compared to determine risk factors for UCLR.  Overall, 1327 pitchers were included, of whom 309 (26.8% had undergone UCLR. Of these, 145 had preinjury velocity data. Peak pitch velocity was significantly higher among preinjury pitchers than control pitchers (mean [95% CI] 93.3 mph [92.8 93.8] vs 92.1 mph [91.9 92.3] P .001) as was mean pitch velocity (87.8 mph [87.3 88.3] vs 86.9 mph [86.7 87.1] P .001) Both demonstrated a dose response relationship. Although height did not differ (P .934) weight was significantly higher for preinjury pitchers than controls (P .005) Pitch counts per year were significantly lower for preinjury pitchers compared with control pitchers, although preinjury pitchers threw more breaking pitches (P .003) On multivariate regression, peak pitch velocity was the primary independent predictor of whether a pitcher underwent UCLR (P .001) with mean velocity (P .013) body mass index (P .010) and age (P .006) being secondary predictors. However, a model constructed with these variables only explained 7% of the variance in UCLR rates. Pitch counts were not significant predictors.  Higher pitch velocity is the most predictive factor of UCLR in MLB pitchers, with higher weight and younger age being secondary predictors, although these factors only explained 7% of the variance in UCLR rates.
Generalization and Maintenance of Functional Living Skills for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Review and Meta Analysis

This systematic review and meta analysis analyzed peer reviewed research concerning the generalization and maintenance of functional living skills for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Following the application of predetermined inclusion criteria, 31 articles (containing 32 studies) were reviewed and summarized in terms of (a) generalization dimension, (b) generalization assessment design, (c) maintenance assessment design, (d) maintenance and generalization teaching strategy, and (e) latency to maintenance probes. Using Tau effect size and post hoc analyses, the type of generalization and maintenance teaching strategies were analyzed as potential moderators. Outcomes identified strong effects for generalization strategies employed. Resulting maintenance effects demonstrated strong effects for baseline to maintenance contrasts. Negative effects for the train and hope method were identified using intervention to maintenance contrasts. Results indicated statistically significant findings supporting the use of training in a natural setting and training to a criterion as compared to the train and hope strategy. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Enhanced Store Operated Calcium Entry Leads to Striatal Synaptic Loss in a Huntington's Disease Mouse Model
Venue: The Journal of Neuroscience

In Huntington's disease (HD) mutant Huntingtin (mHtt) protein causes striatal neuron dysfunction, synaptic loss, and eventual neurodegeneration. To understand the mechanisms responsible for synaptic loss in HD, we developed a corticostriatal coculture model that features age dependent dendritic spine loss in striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) from YAC128 transgenic HD mice. Age dependent spine loss was also observed in vivo in YAC128 MSNs. To understand the causes of spine loss in YAC128 MSNs, we performed a series of mechanistic studies. We previously discovered that mHtt protein binds to type 1 inositol (1,4,5) trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R1) and increases its sensitivity to activation by InsP3. We now report that the resulting increase in steady state InsP3R1 activity reduces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ levels. Depletion of ER Ca2+ leads to overactivation of the neuronal store operated Ca2+ entry (nSOC) pathway in YAC128 MSN spines. The synaptic nSOC pathway is controlled by the ER resident protein STIM2. We discovered that STIM2 expression is elevated in aged YAC128 striatal cultures and in YAC128 mouse striatum. Knock down of InsP3R1 expression by antisense oligonucleotides or knock down or knock out of STIM2 resulted in normalization of nSOC and rescue of spine loss in YAC128 MSNs. The selective nSOC inhibitor EVP4593 was identified in our previous studies. We now demonstrate that EVP4593 reduces synaptic nSOC and rescues spine loss in YAC128 MSNs. Intraventricular delivery of EVP4593 in YAC128 mice rescued age dependent striatal spine loss in vivo. Our results suggest EVP4593 and other inhibitors of the STIM2 dependent nSOC pathway as promising leads for HD therapeutic development.  In Huntington's disease (HD) mutant Huntingtin (mHtt) causes early corticostriatal synaptic dysfunction and eventual neurodegeneration of medium spine neurons (MSNs) through poorly understood mechanisms. We report here that corticostriatal cocultures prepared from YAC128 HD mice feature age dependent MSN spine loss, mirroring YAC128 MSN spine loss in vivo. This finding establishes a system for mechanistic studies of synaptic instability in HD. We use it to demonstrate that sensitization of type 1 inositol (1,4,5) trisphosphate receptors by mHtt, which depletes endoplasmic reticulum calcium, contributes to synaptotoxic enhancement of STIM2 dependent store operated calcium (SOC) entry. Treatment with EVP4593, a neuroprotective inhibitor of neuronal SOC channels, rescues YAC128 MSN spine loss both in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that enhanced neuronal SOC causes synaptic loss in HD afflicted MSNs.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berupa Buletin Dalam Bentuk Buku Saku Untuk Pembelajran IPA Terpadu

This research aims to; 1) develop learning media in the form of an integrated science bulletin on sound material; 2) investigate the response of students to the feasibility study media in the form of an integrated science bulletin on sound material for students of class VIII, with the formulation of the problem; 1) How to develop learning media in the form of an integrated science bulletin on sound material 2) How is the response of students to the feasibility study media in the form of an integrated science bulletin on sound material. This study is a R D method which adopting development of Borg Gall. Subjects in this study were students of class VIII SMP Negeri 7 Bandar Lampung and SMPN 21 Bandar Lampung amounted to 40 learners and data collection instruments used in the form of a questionnaire given to subject matter experts, media experts, and a science teacher SMP to test the feasibility of media learning in a bulletin in the form of a pocket book for integrated science teaching. The type of data that is generated is a qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed with the guidelines criteria to determine eligibility assessment category product. The results of this study are; 1) has developed learning media in the form of an integrated science bulletin in the form of a pocket book; 2) feasibility study media bulletin integrated science that has been developed is very feasible with a percentage of 82% is based on an expert assessment materials after the final stage of repair, design expert with a percentage of 79.4% with the criteria of decent; 3) the percentage was 77.6% a teacher the criterion is a decent; 4) the results of the response of learners with a percentage of 80% with the criteria are eligible. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk; 1) mengembangkan media pembelajaran berupa buletin IPA terpadu dalam bentuk buku saku pada materi bunyi; 2) mengetahui respon peserta didik terhadap kelayakan media pembelajaran berupa buletin IPA terpadu pada materi bunyi dalam bentuk buku saku untuk peserta didik kelas VIII, dengan rumusan masalah; 1) Bagaimana mengembangkan media pembelajaran berupa buletin IPA terpadu dalam bentuk buku saku pada materi bunyi? 2) Bagaimana respon peserta didik terhadap kelayakan media pembelajaran berupa buletin IPA terpadu dalam bentuk buku saku pada materi bunyi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian RD 1) telah dikembangkan media pembelajaran berupa buletin IPA terpadu dalam bentuk buku saku; 2) kelayakan media pembelajaran buletin IPA terpadu dalam bentuk buku saku yang telah dikembangkan adalah sangat layak dengan persentase 82 berdasarkan penilaian ahli materi tahap akhir setelah perbaikan, ahli desain dengan persentase 79,4% dengan kriteria layak 3) dengan persentase adalah 77,6% penilaian guru dengan kriteria adalah layak 4) hasil respon peserta didik dengan persentase 80% dengan kriteria layak.
Effect of Freeze Chilled Treatment on Flavor of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) Fillets and Soups During Short Term Storage

In order to evaluate the effect of chilled (T1) frozen (T2) and freeze chilled (T3) treatment on the flavor of grass carp fillets and soups, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) related compounds, umami taste amino acids (UTAA) thiobarbituric acid (TBA) peroxide value (PV) and soup sensory score were analyzed. Results showed that the sum of ATP, ADP, and AMP contents in T2 fillets were significantly higher (p 0.05) than others, but the sum of hypoxanthine riboside (HxR) and hypoxanthine (Hx) contents for T2 fillets and soups were significantly lower (p 0.05) than others during storage. The T3 fillets and soups had lower inosine 5 monophosphate (IMP) contents than T1 after Day 2, but higher UTAA contents than T1 during storage. The T3 fillets had the highest TBA and PV values among the three groups during storage. According to the total aerobic counts, K value, and sensory score, all the fillets and soups kept good quality during storage. Therefore, freeze chilled treatment not only can extend fish shelf life but also retain excellent fish flavor.
Probabilistic analysis of solar photovoltaic self consumption using Bayesian network models

To assess the systemic value and impacts of multiple photovoltaic (PV) systems in urban areas, detailed analysis of on site electricity consumption and of solar PV yield at relatively high temporal resolution is required, together with an understanding of the impacts of stochastic variations in consumption and PV generation. In this study, measured and simulated time series data for consumption and PV generation at 5 and 1 min resolution for a large number of domestic PV systems are analysed, and a statistical evaluation of self consumption (SC) carried out. The results show a significant variability of annual PV SC across the sample population, with typical median annual SC of 31% and inter quartile range of 22 44% About 10% of the dwellings exceed an SC of 60% with 10% achieving 14% or less. The results have been used to construct a Bayesian network model capable of probabilistically analysing SC given consumption and PV generation. This model provides a basis for rapid detailed analysis of the techno economic characteristics and socio economic impacts of PV in a range of built environment contexts, from single building to district scales.
A Survey of Arabic Text Representation and Classification Methods
Venue: Res. Comput. Sci.

In this paper we have presented a brief current state of the Art for Arabic text representation and classification methods. First we describe some algorithms applied to classification on Arabic text. Secondly, we cite all major works when comparing classification algorithms applied on Arabic text, after this, we mention some authors who proposing new classification methods and finally we investigate the impact of preprocessing on Arabic TC.
China Talks Climate: A Frame Analysis of Discourses on Climate Change and the Environment in the PRC

In 2007, China overtook the US to become the largest emitter of CO2 into the Earth's atmosphere. China's vital role in global efforts to combat climate change creates a pressing challenge to explore the unique characteristics of Chinese environmental values and policy processes, and to identify the frames that are employed to understand climate change and related environmental issues domestically. This paper investigates a) how the political context, as well as differing political agendas and policy goals within which actors operate, affects and sometimes constrains the frames they generally employ; and b) the specific frames used to understand and discuss climate change by interview subjects and in written documents. It finds that different frames are employed by those supporting the current regime and its attendant official discourses on climate change and the environment (mainly government officials) and those challenging or in opposition to such dominant framings (particularly NGOs)
Conflicting Climate Change Frames in a Global Field of Media Discourse

Reducing global emissions will require a global cosmopolitan culture built from detailed attention to conflicting national climate change frames (interpretations) in media discourse. The authors analyze the global field of media climate change discourse using 17 diverse cases and 131 frames. They find four main conflicting dimensions of difference: validity of climate science, scale of ecological risk, scale of climate politics, and support for mitigation policy. These dimensions yield four clusters of cases producing a fractured global field. Positive values on the dimensions show modest association with emissions reductions. Data mining media research is needed to determine trends in this global field.
A compositional approach to economic game theory
Venue: ArXiv

This paper aims to significantly impact the way we conceive of, reason about, and construct software for economic game theory. We achieve this by building an new and original model of economic games based upon the computer science idea of compositionality: concretely we i) give a number of operators for building up complex and irregular games from smaller and simpler games; and ii) show how the equilibria of these complex games can be defined recursively from the equilibria of their simpler components. We apply compositional reasoning to sophisticated games where agents must reason about how their actions affect future games and how those future games effect the utility they receive. This requires further originality we augment the usual lexicon of games with a new concept of coutility. This dual notion to utility arises because, in order for games to accept utility, this utility must be generated by other games. A third source of originality is the representation of our games as string diagrams so as to give a clear visual interface to manipulate them. Our fourth, and final, source of originality is a categorical formalisation of these intuitive string diagrams which guarantees our model is mathematically rigourous.
Adaptive Spatial Modulation Using Huffman Coding
Venue: 2016 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

Antenna switch enables multiple antennas to share a common RF chain, thus an additional spatial dimension, i.e. antenna index, can be utilized in the design of single RF chain MIMO and information can be conveyed via both signal space and spatial dimension. In this paper, we propose a unified adaptive transmission scheme adaptive spatial modulation that allocates information into signal space and spatial dimension in order to maximize the overall channel capacity for single RF chain MIMO. The proposed adaptive spatial modulation is realized by using Huffman coding, i.e. designing variable length codes to activate the transmit antenna with different probabilities. The optimal antenna activation probability is derived through optimizing channel capacity. To make the optimization tractable, closed form upper bound and lower bound are derived as the effective approximations for channel capacity. Numerical results show that the proposed adaptive spatial modulation offers considerable performance improvement over both spatial modulation and transmit antenna selection.
Development of RFECT System for In line Inspection Robot for Unpiggable Natural Gas Pipeline

This paper focuses on the RFECT (Remote Field Eddy Current Testing) technology for use on the ILI (In Line inspection) robot platform to inspect unpiggable natural gas pipeline. An effective design for RFECT system is proposed to minimize the system architecture modification that is required in implementing large diameter of RFECT system of which sensor channel must be increased according to the increase in diameter of pipeline to be inspected. The parallel digital LIA (Lock In Amplifier) is designed considering the increase in sensor channel. The performance of proposed RFECT system is verified through the pull rig experiment including a set of artificial defects simulating metal loss on the pipeline.
La igualdad de genero y el acceso a la justicia de las mujeres victimas de violencia en la region dentro del sistema interamericano de proteccion de los derechos humanos

Desde un contexto regional y a partir de la vigencia del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, el derecho inalienable a la igualdad es estudiado desde una perspectiva de genero con el proposito de visualizar el ejercicio de jure y de facto del mismo. Se analizan los logros alcanzados en los ultimos veinte anos por el sistema interamericano de proteccion de los derechos humanos, a fin de dar solucion al problema de la creciente, diversificada y multifacetica violencia de genero que impide la practica real y no meramente formal de la igualdad y la no discriminacion.
Frontal cortex function derives from hierarchical predictive coding

The frontal lobes are essential for human volition and goal directed behavior, yet their function remains unclear. While various models have highlighted working memory, reinforcement learning, and cognitive control as key functions, a single framework for interpreting the range of effects observed in prefrontal cortex has yet to emerge. Here we show that a simple computational motif based on predictive coding can be stacked hierarchically to learn and perform arbitrarily complex goal directed behavior. The resulting Hierarchical Error Representation (HER) model simulates a wide array of findings from fMRI, ERP, single units, and neuropsychological studies of both lateral and medial prefrontal cortex. Additionally, the model compares favorably with current machine learning approaches, learning more rapidly and with comparable performance, while self organizing representations into efficient hierarchical groups and managing working memory storage. By reconceptualizing lateral prefrontal activity as anticipating prediction errors, the HER model provides a novel unifying account of prefrontal cortex function with broad implications both for understanding the frontal cortex and building more powerful machine learning applications.