nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
MEANTIME, the NewsReader Multilingual Event and Time Corpus
Venue: LREC

In this paper, we present the NewsReader MEANTIME corpus, a semantically annotated corpus of Wikinews articles. The corpus consists of 480 news articles, i.e. 120 English news articles and their translations in Spanish, Italian, and Dutch. MEANTIME contains annotations at different levels. The document level annotation includes markables (e.g. entity mentions, event mentions, time expressions, and numerical expressions) relations between markables (modeling, for example, temporal information and semantic role labeling) and entity and event intra document coreference. The corpus level annotation includes entity and event cross document coreference. Semantic annotation on the English section was performed manually; for the annotation in Italian, Spanish, and (partially) Dutch, a procedure was devised to automatically project the annotations on the English texts onto the translated texts, based on the manual alignment of the annotated elements; this enabled us not only to speed up the annotation process but also provided cross lingual coreference. The English section of the corpus was extended with timeline annotations for the SemEval 2015 TimeLine shared task. The First CLIN Dutch Shared Task at CLIN26 was based on the Dutch section, while the EVALITA 2016 FactA (Event Factuality Annotation) shared task, based on the Italian section, is currently being organized
Richer Event Description: Integrating event coreference with temporal, causal and bridging annotation

There have been a wide range of recent annotated corpora concerning events, either regarding event coreference, the temporal order of events, hierarchical "subevent" structure of events, or causal relationships between events. However, although some believe that these different phenomena will display rich interactions, relatively few corpora annotate all of those layers of annotation in a unified fashion. This paper describes the annotation methodology for the Richer Event Descriptions corpus, which annotates entities, events, times, their coreference and partial coreference relations, and the temporal, causal and subevent relationships between the events. It suggests that such rich annotations of within document event phenomena can be built with high quality through a multi stage annotation pipeline, and that the resultant corpus could be useful for systems hoping to transition from the detection of isolated mentions of events toward a richer understanding of events grounded in the temporal, causal, referential and bridging relations that define them.
Influence of Extrinsic Value on Customer Participation in Value Co Creation Behaviour: Empirical Investigation using SEM Approach

The aim of this empirical research is to investigate the influence of extrinsic experiential value on customer participation in value co creation behaviour in hypermarkets. Data were collected from 800 customers of four top hypermarkets in Malaysia. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) an analytical technique, was used to analyse the data. Findings indicate that extrinsic experiential value has a positive impact on customer information seeking behaviour, information sharing behaviour, and personal interaction behaviour. The study concludes that in order to develop customer participation in value co creation behaviour, hypermarkets should provide high extrinsic experiential value in terms of service excellence and high returns on investment. This will influence customer behaviour and engage them to co create value which is not only beneficial for customers but also for the hypermarkets to gain competitive advantage.
American Higher Education and Income Inequality
Venue: Education Finance and Policy

This paper demonstrates that increasing income inequality can contribute to the trends we see in American higher education, particularly in the selective, private nonprofit and public sectors. Given these institutions' selective admissions and commitment to socioeconomic diversity, the paper demonstrates how increasing income inequality leads to higher tuition, costs, and financial aid. A numerical example is presented that estimates how much lower tuition, spending (costs) and financial aid would have been if household incomes in the United States had grown by the same aggregate amount between 1971 and 2009, but with no increase in income inequality. The policy implications include the government addressing rising income inequality directly or changing the incentives facing higher education and will be of interest to those concerned with the rising cost of higher education and issues of access and affordability.
Improving low frequency sound absorption of micro perforated panel absorbers by using mechanical impedance plate combined with Helmholtz resonators

The traditional Micro perforated plate (MPP) is a kind of clean and non polluting absorption structure in the middle and high frequency and has been widely used in the field of noise control. However, the sound absorption performance is dissatisfied at low frequencies when the air cavity depth is restricted. In this paper, a mechanical impedance plate (MIP) is introduced into the traditional MPP structure and a Helmholtz resonator is attached to the MIP. Mechanical impedance plate (MIP) provides a good absorption at low frequency by using mechanism of mechanical resonance and the acoustic energy is dissipated in the form of heat with viscoelastic material. Helmholtz resonator can fill in the defect of the poor absorption effect between the Micro perforated plate (MPP) and the mechanical impedance plate (MIP) The acoustic impedance of the proposed sound absorber is investigated by using acoustic electric analogy method and impedance transfer method. The influence of the tube's length of Helmholtz resonator and the number of Helmholtz resonator on the sound absorption is studied. The corresponding results are in agreement with the theoretical calculation and prove that the composite structure has the characteristics of improving the low frequency sound absorption property.
Chemistry and distribution of daughter species in the circumstellar envelopes of O rich AGB stars

Thanks to the advent of Herschel and ALMA, new high quality observations of molecules present in the circumstellar envelopes of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars are being reported that reveal large differences from the existing chemical models. New molecular data and more comprehensive models of the chemistry in circumstellar envelopes are now available.  The aims are to determine and study the important formation and destruction pathways in the envelopes of O rich AGB stars and to provide more reliable predictions of abundances, column densities, and radial distributions for potentially detectable species with physical conditions applicable to the envelope surrounding IK Tau.  We use a large gas phase chemical model of an AGB envelope including the effects of CO and N 2 self shielding in a spherical geometry and a newly compiled list of inner circumstellar envelope parent species derived from detailed modeling and observations. We trace the dominant chemistry in the expanding envelope and investigate the chemistry as a probe for the physics of the AGB phase by studying variations of abundances with mass loss rates and expansion velocities.  We find a pattern of daughter molecules forming from the photodissociation products of parent species with contributions from ion neutral abstraction and dissociative recombination. The chemistry in the outer zones differs from that in traditional PDRs in that photoionization of daughter species plays a significant role. With the proper treatment of self shielding, the N N 2 and C CO transitions are shifted outward by factors of 7 and 2, respectively, compared with earlier models. An upper limit on the abundance of CH 4 as a parent species of (2.5 x 10 6 with respect to H 2 is found for IK Tau, and several potentially observable molecules with relatively simple chemical links to other parent species are determined. The assumed stellar mass loss rate, in particular, has an impact on the calculated abundances of cations and the peak abundance radius of both cations and neutrals: as the mass loss rate increases, the peak abundance of cations generally decreases and the peak abundance radius of all species moves outwards. The effects of varying the envelope expansion velocity and cosmic ray ionization rate are not as significant.
Revised National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel Pressure Injury Staging System
Venue: Journal of wound, ostomy, and continence nursing official publication of The Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society

Our understanding of pressure injury etiology and development has grown in recent years through research, clinical expertise, and global interdisciplinary expert collaboration. Therefore, the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) has revised the definition and stages of pressure injury. The revision was undertaken to incorporate the current understanding of the etiology of pressure injuries, as well as to clarify the anatomical features present or absent in each stage of injury.  Using a consensus building methodology, these revised definitions were the focus of a multidisciplinary consensus conference held in April 2016. As a result of stakeholder and public input, along with the consensus conference, important changes were made and incorporated into the new staging definitions. The revised staging system uses the term injury instead of ulcer and denotes stages using Arabic numerals rather than Roman numerals. The revised definition of a pressure injury now describes the injuries as usually occurring over a bony prominence or under a medical or other device. The revised definition of a Stage 2 pressure injury seeks to clarify the difference between moisture associated skin damage and injury caused by pressure and/or shear. The term suspected has been removed from the Deep Tissue Pressure Injury diagnostic label. Each definition now describes the extent of tissue loss present and the anatomical features that may or may not be present in the stage of injury. These important revisions reflect the methodical and collaborative approach used to examine the available evidence and incorporate current interdisciplinary clinical expertise into better defining the important phenomenon of pressure injury etiology and development.
The effect of a patient centred care bundle intervention on pressure ulcer incidence (INTACT) A cluster randomised trial.
Venue: International journal of nursing studies

Hospital acquired pressure ulcers are a serious patient safety concern, associated with poor patient outcomes and high healthcare costs. They are also viewed as an indicator of nursing care quality.  To evaluate the effectiveness of a pressure ulcer prevention care bundle in preventing hospital acquired pressure ulcers among at risk patients.  Pragmatic cluster randomised trial.  Eight tertiary referral hospitals with >200 beds each in three Australian states.  1600 patients (200/hospital) were recruited. Patients were eligible if they were: =18 years old; at risk of pressure ulcer because of limited mobility; expected to stay in hospital =48h and able to read English.  Hospitals (clusters) were stratified in two groups by recent pressure ulcer rates and randomised within strata to either a pressure ulcer prevention care bundle or standard care. The care bundle was theoretically and empirically based on patient participation and clinical practice guidelines. It was multi component, with three messages for patients' participation in pressure ulcer prevention care: keep moving; look after your skin; and eat a healthy diet. Training aids for patients included a DVD, brochure and poster. Nurses in intervention hospitals were trained in partnering with patients in their pressure ulcer prevention care. The statistician, recruiters, and outcome assessors were blinded to group allocation and interventionists blinded to the study hypotheses, tested at both the cluster and patient level. The primary outcome, incidence of hospital acquired pressure ulcers, which applied to both the cluster and individual participant level, was measured by daily skin inspection.  Four clusters were randomised to each group and 799 patients per group analysed. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.035. After adjusting for clustering and pre specified covariates (age, pressure ulcer present at baseline, body mass index, reason for admission, residence and number of comorbidities on admission) the hazard ratio for new pressure ulcers developed (pressure ulcer prevention care bundle relative to standard care) was 0.58 (95% CI: 0.25, 1.33; p=0.198) No adverse events or harms were reported.  Although the pressure ulcer prevention care bundle was associated with a large reduction in the hazard of ulceration, there was a high degree of uncertainty around this estimate and the difference was not statistically significant. Possible explanations for this non significant finding include that the pressure ulcer prevention care bundle was effective but the sample size too small to detect this.
Getting evidence based pressure ulcer prevention into practice: a multi faceted unit tailored intervention in a hospital setting
Venue: International wound journal

The aim of the study was to evaluate whether a multi faceted, unit tailored intervention using evidenced based pressure ulcer prevention affects (i) the performance of pressure ulcer prevention, (ii) the prevalence of pressure ulcers and (iii) knowledge and attitudes concerning pressure ulcer prevention among registered and assistant nurses. A quasi experimental, clustered pre and post test design was used. Five units at a hospital setting were included. The intervention was based on the PARIHS framework and included a multi professional team, training and repeated quality measurements. An established methodology was used to evaluate the prevalence and prevention of pressure ulcers. Nurses' knowledge and attitudes were evaluated using a validated questionnaire. A total of 506 patients were included, of whom 105 patients had a risk to develop pressure ulcer. More patients were provided pressure ulcer prevention care (P 0*001) and more prevention care was given to each patient (P 0*021) after the intervention. Corresponding results were shown in the group of patients assessed as being at risk for developing pressure ulcers. Nurses' knowledge about pressure ulcer prevention increased (P 0*001) Positive attitudes towards pressure ulcer prevention remained high between pre and post test surveys. This multi faceted unit tailored intervention affected pressure ulcer prevention. Facilitation and repeated quality measurement together with constructed feedback of results seemed to be the most important factor for pressure ulcer prevention.
HiChIP: efficient and sensitive analysis of protein directed genome architecture
Venue: Nature Methods

Genome conformation is central to gene control but challenging to interrogate. Here we present HiChIP, a protein centric chromatin conformation method. HiChIP improves the yield of conformation informative reads by over 10 fold and lowers the input requirement over 100 fold relative to that of ChIA PET. HiChIP of cohesin reveals multiscale genome architecture with greater signal to background ratios than those of in situ Hi C.
HiChIP: Efficient and sensitive analysis of protein directed genome architecture

Genome conformation is central to gene control but challenging to interrogate. Here we present HiChIP, a protein centric chromatin conformation method. HiChIP improves the yield of conformation informative reads by over 10 fold and lowers input requirement over 100 fold relative to ChIA PET. HiChIP of cohesin reveals multi scale genome architecture with greater signal to background than in situ Hi C. Thus, HiChIP adds to the toolbox of 3D genome structure and regulation for diverse biomedical applications.
An Infused Dialogue, Part 1: Borders, Fusions, Influence

In this paper we desire to trouble various sites of borders, such as nature and culture, subject and object, and habits of thought and institutional structures. We will develop and elaborate an ontology of the in between. Through a study of how beings and differences happen, we aim to disrupt and displace legacies of a substance ontology, with its substantive divisions between events and things, in order to encourage an event or concrescent ontology. We argue that the in between is a continual, mutational happening, a reminder of the deep interconnectivity of what William James called "things in the making." To disrupt the habits of thought and action sedimented by a substance ontology, we deploy four concepts: viscous porosity, corporal vulnerability, imporing, and anonymous agency. Our goal is to develop alertness to a dimension of in between in which conscious connectedness happens without objectification.
A computational account of the production effect: Still playing twenty questions with nature.
Venue: Canadian journal of experimental psychology Revue canadienne de psychologie experimentale

People remember words that they read aloud better than words that they read silently, a result known as the production effect. The standing explanation for the production effect is that producing a word renders it distinctive in memory and, thus, memorable at test. By 1 key account, distinctiveness is defined in terms of sensory feedback. We formalize the sensory feedback account using MINERVA 2, a standard model of memory. The model accommodates the basic result in recognition as well as the fact that the mixed list production effect is larger than its pure list counterpart, that the production effect is robust to forgetting, and that the production and generation effects have additive influences on performance. A final simulation addresses the strength based account and suggests that it will be more difficult to distinguish a strength based versus distinctiveness based explanation than is typically thought. We conclude that the production effect is consistent with existing theory and discuss our analysis in relation to Alan Newell's (1973) classic criticism of psychology and call for an analysis of psychological principles instead of laboratory phenomena.
Amplification of RNA by an RNA polymerase ribozyme
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Darwinian life requires the ability to replicate genotypes and express phenotypes. Although all extant life relies on protein enzymes to accomplish these tasks, life in the ancestral RNA world would have used only RNA enzymes. Here, we report the in vitro evolution of an improved RNA polymerase ribozyme that is able to synthesize structured functional RNAs, including aptamers and ribozymes, and replicate short RNA sequences in a protein free form of the PCR. Thus, the replication of RNA and the expression of functional RNA can be accomplished with RNA alone. Combining and improving these activities may enable the self sustained evolution of RNA and offers a potential route to a synthetic form of RNA life. In all extant life, genetic information is stored in nucleic acids that are replicated by polymerase proteins. In the hypothesized RNA world, before the evolution of genetically encoded proteins, ancestral organisms contained RNA genes that were replicated by an RNA polymerase ribozyme. In an effort toward reconstructing RNA based life in the laboratory, in vitro evolution was used to improve dramatically the activity and generality of an RNA polymerase ribozyme by selecting variants that can synthesize functional RNA molecules from an RNA template. The improved polymerase ribozyme is able to synthesize a variety of complex structured RNAs, including aptamers, ribozymes, and, in low yield, even tRNA. Furthermore, the polymerase can replicate nucleic acids, amplifying short RNA templates by more than 10,000 fold in an RNA catalyzed form of the PCR. Thus, the two prerequisites of Darwinian life the replication of genetic information and its conversion into functional molecules can now be accomplished with RNA in the complete absence of proteins.
Interaction of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, vandetanib with human serum albumin as studied by fluorescence quenching and molecular docking
Venue: Journal of biomolecular structure dynamics

Interaction of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, vandetanib (VDB) with the major transport protein in the human blood circulation, human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and molecular docking analysis. The binding constant of the VDB HSA system, as determined by fluorescence quenching titration method was found in the range, 8.92 6.89 x 103 M 1 at three different temperatures, suggesting moderate binding affinity. Furthermore, decrease in the binding constant with increasing temperature revealed involvement of static quenching mechanism, thus affirming the formation of the VDB HSA complex. Thermodynamic analysis of the binding reaction between VDB and HSA yielded positive DS (52.76 J mol 1 K 1) and negative DH 6.57 kJ mol 1) values, which suggested involvement of hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding in stabilizing the VDB HSA complex. Far UV and near UV CD spectral results suggested alterations in both secondary and tertiary structures of HSA upon VDB binding. Three dimensional fluorescence spectral results also showed significant microenvironmental changes around the Trp residue of HSA consequent to the complex formation. Use of site specific marker ligands, such as phenylbutazone (site I marker) and diazepam (site II marker) in competitive ligand displacement experiments indicated location of the VDB binding site on HSA as Sudlow's site I (subdomain IIA) which was further established by molecular docking results. Presence of some common metal ions, such as Ca2+ Zn2+ Cu2+ Ba2+ Mg2+ and Mn2+ in the reaction mixture produced smaller but significant alterations in the binding affinity of VDB to HSA.  Binding orientation of the VDB in the Sudlow's binding site I (subdomain IIA) of HSA.
An evaluation of Neuro Physiological Psychotherapy: An integrative therapeutic approach to working with adopted children who have experienced early life trauma
Venue: Clinical child psychology and psychiatry

Research into the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions for older children who have experienced multiple forms of trauma within the context of their early development is scant. This article explores the effectiveness of Neuro Physiological Psychotherapy (NPP) a wrap around multi disciplinary, neuro sequential, attachment focussed intervention for children and families who present with multiple, clinically significant, emotional and behavioural difficulties. In total, 31 young people and their adoptive parents took part in the study. Baseline measures were repeated and parents and children interviewed. An assessment of the parent/child relationship and child attachment was undertaken but not analysed for this article. Analysis of the repeated measures received statistically significant changes in behavioural regulation, metacognitive executive functioning and externalising and internalising difficulties, alongside an improvement in thought and social problems. An analysis of the parent interviews provided positive results in terms of the children's engagement in education, an absence of further mental health diagnosis or involvement in the criminal justice system. Further hypotheses are posited regarding the impact of the treatment and further research into the effectiveness of the model outlined.