nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Nonequilibrium study of the intrinsic free energy profile across a liquid vapour interface.
Venue: The Journal of chemical physics

We calculate an atomistically detailed free energy profile across a heterogeneous system using a nonequilibrium approach. The path integral formulation of Crooks fluctuation theorem is used in conjunction with the intrinsic sampling method to calculate the free energy profile for the liquid vapour interface of the Lennard Jones fluid. Free energy barriers are found corresponding to the atomic layering in the liquid phase as well as a barrier associated with the presence of an adsorbed layer as revealed by the intrinsic density profile. Our findings are in agreement with profiles calculated using Widom's potential distribution theorem applied to both the average and the intrinsic profiles as well as the literature values for the excess chemical potential.
Educating towards Inclusive Education: Assessing a Teacher Training Program for Working with Pupils with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND) Enrolled in General Education Schools.

Implementing inclusive education is one of the major challenges facing the educational system. One of the main difficulties in implementing inclusive education is that general education teachers receive insufficient training to work in complex teaching contexts and to respond to the unique needs of all the pupils in their classroom. The objective of this research was to assess the components of an innovative integrative training program, developed in a teacher education college in Israel, that integrates special education studies with elementary/secondary general school studies (curriculum and field experience) thus contributing to graduates' sense of self efficacy in integrating and including pupils with special educational needs and disabilities and helping them develop teaching methods that promote inclusive education. On the practical level, the findings can help training program designers adapt and/or improve existing training programs. On the conceptual level, this study can contribute to research in the field of inclusive education from the perspective of teacher education.
Dynamic response of functionally graded cylinders due to time dependent heat flux

In this paper, analytical solution has been obtained for a functionally graded, transversely isotropic, thermoelastic thick walled hollow cylinder (or disk) subjected to a thermal source. The linear theory of generalized thermoelasticity (Lord Shulman model) has been employed to model the problem. The material stiffness and thermal conductivity have been assumed to vary as a simple power of the radial coordinate only. Keeping the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow cylinder traction free, a heat flux has been supplied on the inner surface to excite the body and outer surface is kept isothermal. The axisymmetry and plain strain (for cylinder) or plain stress (for disk) conditions have been considered here. The two coupled partial differential equations have been clubbed to obtain the general solution in Laplace domain. The residue calculus method has been employed to invert the transform to obtain the solution in physical domain. The solutions in case of classical coupled and uncoupled thermoelasticity; solid cylinder and infinite solid with cylindrical hole have been deduced as special cases of the present analysis. The results have also been validated with the existing one available in literature at various stages. The analytical results have been computed numerically and presented graphically for solid helium material. The effect of thermal relaxation time and grading parameter on the stresses, strains and temperature change produced in the FGM cylinder have been illustrated through the graphs. A comparative analysis has been done for homogeneous and functionally graded media for the distribution of radial stress, hoop stress, radial strain, hoop strain, radial displacement and temperature change with time, thermal relaxation time and thickness of the FGM cylinder.
Thermal stability of functionally graded sandwich plates using a simple shear deformation theory

In the present work, a simple first order shear deformation theory is developed and validated for a variety of numerical examples of the thermal buckling response of functionally graded sandwich plates with various boundary conditions. Contrary to the conventional first order shear deformation theory, the present first order shear deformation theory involves only four unknowns and has strong similarities with the classical plate theory in many aspects such as governing equations of motion, and stress resultant expressions. Material properties and thermal expansion coefficient of the sandwich plate faces are assumed to be graded in the thickness direction according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. The core layer is still homogeneous and made of an isotropic material. The thermal loads are considered as uniform, linear and non linear temperature rises within the thickness direction. The results reveal that the volume fraction index, loading type and functionally graded layers thickness have significant influence on the thermal buckling of functionally graded sandwich plates. Moreover, numerical results prove that the present simple first order shear deformation theory can achieve the same accuracy of the existing conventional first order shear deformation theory which has more number of unknowns.
Genome wide association for milk production and female fertility traits in Canadian dairy Holstein cattle
Venue: BMC Genetics

BackgroundGenome wide association studies (GWAS) are a powerful tool for detecting genomic regions explaining variation in phenotype. The objectives of the present study were to identify or refine the positions of genomic regions affecting milk production, milk components and fertility traits in Canadian Holstein cattle, and to use these positions to identify genes and pathways that may influence these traits.ResultSeveral QTL regions were detected for milk production (MILK) fat production (FAT) protein production (PROT) and fat and protein deviation (FATD, PROTD respectively) The identified QTL regions for production traits (including milk production) support previous findings and some overlap with genes with known relevant biological functions identified in earlier studies such as DGAT1 and CPSF1. A significant region on chromosome 21 overlapping with the gene FAM181A and not previous linked to fertility in dairy cattle was identified for the calving to first service interval and days open. A functional enrichment analysis of the GWAS results yielded GO terms consistent with the specific phenotypes tested, for example GO terms GO:0007595 (lactation) and GO:0043627 (response to estrogen) for milk production (MILK) GO:0051057 (positive regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction) for fat production (FAT) GO:0040019 (positive regulation of embryonic development) for first service to calving interval (CTFS) and GO:0043268 (positive regulation of potassium ion transport) for days open (DO) In other cases the connection between the enriched GO terms and the traits were less clear, for example GO:0003279 (cardiac septum development) for FAT and GO:0030903 (notochord development) for DO trait.ConclusionThe chromosomal regions and enriched pathways identified in this study confirm several previous findings and highlight new regions and pathways that may contribute to variation in production or fertility traits in dairy cattle.
Milk Production and Fertility in Cattle.
Venue: Annual review of animal biosciences

Evolutionary biology provides reasons for why the intensive selection for milk production reduces reproductive success rates. There is considerable exploitable genetic variation in reproductive performance in both dairy and beef cattle, and examination of national genetic trends demonstrates that genetic gain for both reproductive performance and milk production is possible in a well structured breeding program. Reproductive failure is often postulated to be a consequence of the greater negative energy balance associated with the genetic selection for increased milk production. However, experimental results indicate that the majority of the decline in reproductive performance cannot be attributed to early lactation energy balance, per se; reproductive success will, therefore, not be greatly improved by nutritional interventions aimed at reducing the extent of negative energy balance. Modeling can aid in better pinpointing the key physiological components governing reproductive success and, also, the impact of individual improvements on overall fertility, helping to prioritize variables for inclusion in breeding programs.
Factors associated with increased milk production for automatic milking systems.
Venue: Journal of dairy science

Automatic milking systems (AMS) are increasingly popular throughout the world. Our objective was to analyze 635 North American dairy farms with AMS for (risk) factors associated with increased milk production per cow per day and milk production per robot per day. We used multivariable generalized mixed linear regressions, which identified several significant risk factors and interactions of risk factors associated with milk production. Free traffic was associated with increased production per cow and per robot per day compared with forced systems, and the presence of a single robot per pen was associated with decreased production per robot per day compared with pens using 2 robots. Retrofitted farms had significantly less production in the first 4 yr since installation compared with production after 4 yr of installation. In contrast, newly built farms did not see a significant change in production over time since installation. Overall, retrofitted farms did not produce significantly more or less milk than newly constructed farms. Detailed knowledge of factors associated with increased production of AMS will help guide future recommendations to producers looking to transition to an AMS and maximize their production.
Managing the Embedded Systems Development Process with Product LifeCycle Management
Venue: CSDM Asia

In industries like Transportation, Aerospace and Defense or High Tech, the effective development of complex systems implies mastering multiple disciplines and processes: project, people and data governance processes, requirements based and model based system engineering approaches, System Architecture Design with trade off analysis, cross disciplinary detailed design, integration, test, validation and verification methods. These processes are interrelated; managing complexity calls for tight collaboration between development stakeholders and demand very high data consistency between system compositional elements, at all levels. Organizations face significant challenges to maintaining coherency, consistency and relevance of this information across domains as well as capitalizing on it from one complex project to another; Failure to do so though is often resulting in costly reworks, product recalls, worse: attractiveness and competitiveness drops and jeopardized growth. In today's highly competitive, fast changing and demanding markets, saving investment time, resources and money for the creation of higher market appeal products is vital. This presentation will outline a vision for an open and integrated System Engineering platform, that leverages the richness and efficiency of online communities, the effective composition and reuse of multi disciplinarily assets and the value of virtual user experiences, to facilitate new smart E/E systems development. Architecture of Systems is therefore just a unified and homogenous framework that allows to see all these different architectural traditions as instances of a same and unique "abstract" discipline. This system oriented discipline clearly emerges nowadays from the convergence that one can presently observe at the level of the scientific and methodological foundations of many architectural practices such as: Enterprise Architecture that allows to design integrated enterprise information systems, Software Architecture which is at the basis of all software design processes, Systems Architecture that is key for designing efficiently complex industrial systems, resulting from software hardware integration, Organization and Project Architecture which underlies agile development methods. Architecture of Systems is therefore just a unified and homogenous framework that allows seeing all these different architectural traditions as instances of a same and unique "abstract" discipline, which underlies agile development methods.
Dancing around the pole: holarctic phylogeography of the Arctic fairy shrimp Branchinecta paludosa (Anostraca, Branchiopoda)
Venue: Hydrobiologia

The distributional patterns of Arctic species are commonly affected by the recurring Pleistocene glaciations, which contributed to transient or permanent genetic isolation. Here we explore the phylogeography of the climate sensitive Arctic fairy shrimp Branchinecta paludosa, which has a circumpolar range of distribution, with certain southern alpine outreaches. We sequenced the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I subunit from samples collected at ten Nearctic and nine Palaearctic sites, including southern alpine populations. A handful of ambiguous bases in certain sequences strongly suggested heteroplasmy, possibly being reported for the first time in anostracans. Evolutionary analysis of the sequence variations showed a temporal divergence coinciding with the flooding of the Beringia land bridge. Sequence alignment with outgroup taxa for phylogenetic analysis showed three distinct major clades, reflecting geographical isolation. The most divergent clade, from isolated alpine ponds in the Rocky Mountains, probably represents a different and undescribed species. Two other major clades corresponded to the geographical areas of Nearctic and Palaearctic. Finally, the southern Palaearctic outstretch showed genetic separation, most likely representing a geographical and climatic isolated relict population.
The Constrained Laplacian Rank Algorithm for Graph Based Clustering
Venue: AAAI

Graph based clustering methods perform clustering on a fixed input data graph. If this initial construction is of low quality then the resulting clustering may also be of low quality. Moreover, existing graph based clustering methods require post processing on the data graph to extract the clustering indicators. We address both of these drawbacks by allowing the data graph itself to be adjusted as part of the clustering procedure. In particular, our Constrained Laplacian Rank (CLR) method learns a graph with exactly k connected components (where k is the number of clusters) We develop two versions of this method, based upon the L1 norm and the L2 norm, which yield two new graph based clustering objectives. We derive optimization algorithms to solve these objectives. Experimental results on synthetic datasets and real world benchmark datasets exhibit the effectiveness of this new graph based clustering method.
Fast dual domain reduced rank algorithm for 3D deblending via randomized QR decomposition

ABSTRACTWe have developed a fast dual domain algorithm based on matrix rank reduction for separating simultaneous source seismic data. Our algorithm operates on 3D common receiver gathers or offset midpoint gathers. At a given monochromatic frequency slice in the o x y domain, the spatial data of the ideal unblended common receiver or offset midpoint gather could be represented via a low rank matrix. The interferences from the randomly and closely fired shots increased the rank of the aforementioned matrix. Therefore, we could minimize the misfit between the blended observation and the predicted blended data subject to a low rank constraint that was applied to the data in the o x y domain. The low rank constraint could be implemented via the classic truncated singular value decomposition (SVD) or via a randomized QR decomposition (rQRd) The rQRd yielded nearly one order of processing time improvement with respect to the truncated SVD. We have also discovered that the rQRd was less stringent on the select.
From Mercantilism to Exclusive Economic Zones: How Nation States Have Laid Claim to the World's Resources

This essay traces the transfer of private ownership of economic resources from sovereign rulers to the modern nation state, starting with mercantilism and ending with exclusive economic zones. Nation states were initially envisaged as bodies that acted on behalf of their citizens, but over time they have become distant from democratic processes as they have sought to claim property rights over more and more of the planet, and now of outer space. Consequently, what remains of the global commons is on the verge of extinction. This essay examines whose interests such activities serve and the resulting implications.
Global Trends and Research Aims for English Academic Oral Presentations

English has become the de facto language for communication in academia in many parts of the world, but English language learners often lack the language resources to make effective oral academic presentations. However, English for academic purposes (EAP) research is beginning to provide valuable insights into this emerging field. This literature review is a systematic overview of the research on EAP oral monologues and EAP monologues that employ learning technology (LT) Three investigative aims were addressed in the research: linguistic description of the final oral presentation, the learning processes including learner attitudes toward the process, and LT for oral monologues. Major findings included linguistic and discourse differences among learners, experts, and native speakers; the need for specific guidelines and focused training; the role of multimodal resources; and the pedagogical affordances of the LT. Identified challenges, future research directions, and instructional suggestions are provided for instructors and researchers.
Network competence in Finnish SMEs: implications for growth

The purpose of this paper is to examine how network competence is related to the growth of domestic and international SMEs originating from the Nordic region. Business networks have been found to drive internationalization of SMEs in the Nordic context, but the impact of network related organizational competencies on them has not been considered.  The authors apply regression analysis on a sample of 298 Finnish SMEs across five industry sectors, gathered via an online survey in 2008, and with the data having been updated for its financial indicators up to 2010.  The authors find that cross relational network competence is a significant predictor of growth in internationally operating SMEs. This result is robust across measures among the firms. In comparison, the network competence of domestically operating SMEs is not related to their growth, and relationship specific competence does not influence growth.  The study does n.
THE ROLE OF GLUCAGON IN THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES.
Venue: Endocrine practice official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists

There is general recognition that insulin and glucagon are the main hormones involved in the pathophysiology of diabetes, but the role of glucagon in diabetes is complex and in some circumstances controversial. The increasing appreciation of the role of glucagon in currently used hypoglycemic agents and the ongoing development of glucagon targeted therapies underscores glucagon's important contribution in optimizing diabetes management. The current review provides a background on glucagon physiology and pathophysiology and an update for investigators, endocrinologists, and other healthcare providers on glucagon modulating therapies.  A literature review was conducted utilizing published literature in PubMed and AccessMedicine including the years 1922 2015 using the following key words: glucagon, bihormonal, diabetes mellitus, glucagon antagonists, glucagon targeted therapies.  Glucagon is a counterregulatory hormone that promotes hepatic glucose production, thus preventing hypoglycemia in normal physiology. In patients with diabetes mellitus, glucagon secretion may be unregulated, which contributes to problems with glucose homeostasis. Several of the most effective therapies for diabetes have been found to suppress glucagon secretion or action, which may contribute to their success. Additionally, glucagon specific targeted therapies, such as glucagon receptor antagonists, are being studied at a basic and clinical level.  Glucagon plays an important role in contributing to hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes. Utilizing hypoglycemic agents that decrease glucagon secretion or inhibit glucagon action can help improve glycemic control, making these agents a valuable resource in diabetes therapy.
A Formal Study of Collaborative Access Control in Distributed Datalog
Venue: ICDT

We formalize and study a declaratively specified collaborative access control mechanism for data dissemination in a distributed environment. Data dissemination is specified using distributed datalog. Access control is also defined by datalog style rules, at the relation level for extensional relations, and at the tuple level for intensional ones, based on the derivation of tuples. The model also includes a mechanism for " declassifying " data, that allows circumventing overly restrictive access control. We consider the complexity of determining whether a peer is allowed to access a given fact, and address the problem of achieving the goal of disseminating certain information under some access control policy. We also investigate the problem of information leakage, which occurs when a peer is able to infer facts to which the peer is not allowed access by the policy. Finally, we consider access control extended to facts equipped with provenance information, motivated by the many applications where such information is required. We provide semantics for access control with provenance, and establish the complexity of determining whether a peer may access a given fact together with its provenance. This work is motivated by the access control of the Webdamlog system, whose core features it formalizes.
Collaborative Access Control Model for Online Social Networks
Venue: 2016 IEEE 6th International Conference on Advanced Computing (IACC)

Online Social Network (OSN) has become a popular and de facto portal for digital information sharing. Preserving information privacy is indispensable in such applications, as the shared information would be sensitive. The issue becomes more challenging due to participation of multiple parties on the shared resources or data. In this paper, we propose an effective access control technique to allow or disallow the shared resources considering authorization requirements of all the multiple parties. A logical representation of the proposed access control technique is prepared to analyse the privacy risk.
Collaborative Access Control Mechanism for Online Social Networks
Venue: ICDCIT

Online Social Networks (OSNs) offer an attractive mean for digital social interactions and information sharing among the users. At the same time, it raises a number of security and privacy issues. Especially, there is no efficient mechanism to enforce privacy over data associated with multiple users. This paper proposes a privacy preserving mechanism to allow the users to control access of their shared resources in a collaborative manner. We have developed a Facebook application "msecure" and made a 'survey based user study' of the app with a user base of (n 50) The results of the study reveals popularity of it among users. The study indicates that users are still concerned about the privacy of their shared contents and they believe that a tool like "msecure" could be useful for managing their shared images and other shared contents.