nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Antiarrhythmic Drugs Short Term Use After Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation (EAST AF) trial.
Venue: European heart journal

Substantial portion of early arrhythmia recurrence after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) is considered to be due to irritability in left atrium (LA) from the ablation procedure. We sought to evaluate whether 90 day use of antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) following AF ablation could reduce the incidence of early arrhythmia recurrence and thereby promote reverse remodelling of LA, leading to improved long term clinical outcomes.  A total of 2038 patients who had undergone radiofrequency catheter ablation for paroxysmal, persistent, or long lasting AF were randomly assigned to either 90 day use of Vaughan Williams class I or III AAD (1016 patients) or control (1022 patients) group. The primary endpoint was recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmias lasting for >30 s or those requiring repeat ablation, hospital admission, or usage of class I or III AAD at 1 year, following the treatment period of 90 days post ablation. Patients assigned to AAD were associated with significantly higher event free rate from recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmias when compared with the control group during the treatment period of 90 days [59.0 and 52.1% respectively; adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.84; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73 0.96; P 0.01] However, there was no significant difference in the 1 year event free rates from the primary endpoint between the groups (69.5 and 67.8% respectively; adjusted HR 0.93; 95% CI 0.79 1.09; P 0.38) CONCLUSION Short term use of AAD for 90 days following AF ablation reduced the incidence of recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmias during the treatment period, but it did not lead to improved clinical outcomes at the later phase.
Adrenal surgery in England: better outcomes in high volume practices
Venue: Clinical endocrinology

Adrenal surgery is performed by a variety of surgical specialities in differing environments and volumes. International data suggest that there is a correlation between adrenal surgery volume and outcomes but there are no UK data to support this or UK surgical guidelines. A multidisciplinary team representing the stakeholders in adrenal disease is preparing a national guidance on adrenal surgery. A review of the outcomes for adrenal surgery in England was performed to correlate outcomes with the volume of surgeon practice.
Evaluating the learning curve for retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy in a high volume center for laparoscopic adrenal surgery
Venue: Surgical Endoscopy

BackgroundLaparoscopic adrenalectomy is an effective method for benign adrenal tumor removal. In the literature, both lateral transperitoneal (TLA) and posterior retroperitoneoscopic (RPA) approaches are described. Since 2007, the number of patients increased significantly in our center. Therefore, RPA was introduced in 2011 because of its potential advantages in operating and recovery times. The learning curve of RPA is now evaluated.MethodsAll data of patients undergoing laparoscopic adrenalectomy from 2007 until 2014 were prospectively collected. Patients were eligible for RPA with a tumor <7 cm, with BMI 35 kg/m2, and with low suspicion of malignancy. The learning curve of RPA was measured by operating time. Furthermore, blood loss, preoperative complications and hospital stay were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were performed using SPSS 20.0.ResultsIn the study period, 290 patients underwent surgery, of whom 113 underwent RPA. After starting with RPA, operating times decreased significantly (median 100 min in the first 20 patients to 60 min after 40 patients, p 0.05) There was a significant difference in operating times (median 108 vs. 62 min, p 0.05) and hospital stay (median 4 vs. 3 days, p 0.05) in unilateral surgery in favor of RPA, compared to TLA. Also in bilateral surgery, operating times were significantly shorter (median 236 vs. 117 min, p 0.05) In both groups, few major complications occurred.ConclusionAfter the introduction of RPA, a short learning curve was seen for a single surgeon with extensive experience in laparoscopic adrenal surgery. Compared to TLA, RPA has significant advantages in operating times and hospital stay. Therefore, RPA may be the preferred approach for patients with BMI 35 kg/m2 and small benign adrenal tumors <7 cm)
Modeling from an Object and Multi object Tracking System
Venue: 2016 Global Summit on Computer Information Technology (GSCIT)

This paper describes an implementation system tracking and detection object and multi object. We trait the different tracking algorithms of moving objects in video sequences. The tracking a particular precise object, robust, efficient, reliable and fast is a difficult problem to solve. Hence, it is a very essential for computer vision applications. For this reason, tracking objects in video sequences is a very active area of research since the 1970. It has attracted many people in the area of research for use in a variety of applications. The tracking is often the first step in an analysis of the activities, detection, behavior, interactions and relationships between objects of interest. Many methods of tracking objects have been proposed and developed. Tracking is the estimation and analysis of the trajectories of an object in the frame plane by moving in an frame where video sequence. Most of the motion objects tracking algorithms take input frames captured by a fixed camera to give at output a video sequence. However, there are other algorithms that take as input a video sequence to provide a video at output containing the tracked objects. These algorithms perform a first step of the detection objects in order to determine which of the pixels of the current frame which belong to the background of the sequence and which represent the motion objects. The problem of object tracking can be expressed in terms of detection of the object in each frame of the video sequence. The set of applications (security systems, military systems, intelligent transportation systems, video conferencing, surveillance, etc. can be addressed. So, the lightness of the systems also lets you open recent applications such as human machine interface and/or the human robot interface, where the sensors can be embedded on a mobile robot. This usually requires the exploitation of object tracking techniques and algorithms in motion that will register and implement on FPGA targets that are introduced in these interfaces. We can cite as an example then the main existing algorithms in the literature as the block matching, the KLT, the Kalman filter, the Meanshift and the Camshift.
Stratification and segmentation: Social class in consumer behavior

Comparing working class and middle class consumers, Carey and Markus (2016, this issue) highlight the ways that social class determines consumer behavior through a set of mutually supportive culture cycles. We use their framework to re examine several core assumptions in marketing and consumer behavior, assumptions that may fit middle class consumers better than they do working class consumers. Revisiting previous findings with an emphasis on social class allows us to offer an agenda for future research regarding advertising and consumer persuasion, material versus experiential purchases, conspicuous and compensatory consumption, and market segmentation.
The Coronary Circulation as a Target of Cardioprotection.
Venue: Circulation research

The atherosclerotic coronary vasculature is not only the culprit but also a victim of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Manifestations of such injury are increased vascular permeability and edema, endothelial dysfunction and impaired vasomotion, microembolization of atherothrombotic debris, stasis with intravascular cell aggregates, and finally, in its most severe form, capillary destruction with hemorrhage. In animal experiments, local and remote ischemic pre and postconditioning not only reduce infarct size but also these manifestations of coronary vascular injury, as do drugs which recruit signal transduction steps of conditioning. Clinically, no reflow is frequently seen after interventional reperfusion, and it carries an adverse prognosis. The translation of cardioprotective interventions to clinical practice has been difficult to date. Only 4 drugs (brain natriuretic peptide, exenatide, metoprolol, and esmolol) stand unchallenged to date in reducing infarct size in patients with reperfused acute myocardial infarction; unfortunately, for these drugs, no information on their impact on the ischemic/reperfused coronary circulation is available.
Intensive Care Management of Children Intubated for Croup: A Retrospective Analysis
Venue: Anaesthesia and intensive care

Croup remains the commonest reason for acute upper airway obstruction in children, yet there are scarce contemporary data of airway management in those requiring intubation. We performed a retrospective analysis of the intensive care management of children intubated for croup in two quaternary paediatric intensive care units: Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Australia, and Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Canada. Patients intubated for less than three days were compared with those intubated for greater than three days. Patients less than 10 kg body weight were compared to those greater than 10 kg. Demographic, clinical and microbiological data were recorded. Seventy seven cases of croup requiring intubation were identified. The median duration of intubation was 60 hours. Parainfluenza was the most common viral aetiology, detected in 30% of cases. Antibiotics were prescribed in 51% of patients. Corticosteroids were prescribed pre intubation in two thirds of patients and all post intubation, with the median dose being prednisolone 3 mg/kg/day. Primary extubation failure occurred in 6.5% of patients. Neither the duration of intubation nor patient size were associated with extubation failure. An air leak test was performed in 69% of patients and poorly predicted extubation success. One non urgent tracheostomy was performed and there was one death from hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy. Endotracheal tube leak is poorly recorded and may not predict successful extubation.
Engineering Design A Systematic Approach

Thank you for downloading engineering design a systematic approach. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their favorite novels like this engineering design a systematic approach, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some harmful bugs inside their computer. engineering design a systematic approach is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our digital library spans in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the engineering design a systematic approach is universally compatible with any devices to read.
Reverse Engineering SPARQL Queries
Venue: WWW

Semantic Web systems provide open interfaces for end users to access data via a powerful high level query language, SPARQL. But users unfamiliar with either the details of SPARQL or properties of the target dataset may find it easier to query by example give examples of the information they want (or examples of both what they want and what they do not want) and let the system reverse engineer the desired query from the examples. This approach has been heavily used in the setting of relational databases. We provide here an investigation of the reverse engineering problem in the context of SPARQL. We first provide a theoretical study, formalising variants of the reverse engineering problem and giving tight bounds on its complexity. We next explain an implementation of a reverse engineering tool for positive examples. An experimental analysis of the tool shows that it scales well in the data size, number of examples, and in the size of the smallest query that fits the data. We also give evidence that reverse engineering tools can provide benefits on real life datasets.
Systems Security Engineering: Considerations for a Multidisciplinary Approach in the Engineering of Trustworthy Secure Systems NIST

With the continuing frequency, intensity, and adverse consequences of cyber attacks, disruptions, hazards, and other threats to federal, state, and local governments, the military, businesses, and the critical infrastructure, the need for trustworthy secure systems has never been more important to the long term economic and national security interests of the United States. Engineering based solutions are essential to managing the growing complexity, dynamicity, and interconnectedness of today's systems, as exemplified by cyber physical systems and systems of systems, including the Internet of Things. This publication addresses the engineering driven perspective and actions necessary to develop more defensible and survivable systems, inclusive of the machine, physical, and human components that compose the systems and the capabilities and services delivered by those systems. It starts with and builds upon a set of well established International Standards for systems and software engineering published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and infuses systems security engineering methods, practices, and techniques into those systems and software engineering activities. The objective is to address security issues from a stakeholder protection needs, concerns, and requirements perspective and to use established engineering processes to ensure that such needs, concerns, and requirements are addressed with appropriate fidelity and rigor, early and in a sustainable manner throughout the life cycle of the system.
Water Management in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells through Asymmetric Thermal and Mass Transport Engineering of the Micro Porous Layers

For polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) operating at very high current, prevention of anode dry out through enhanced back flux of water and restriction of evaporation is required. In this work, back flux of water to the anode is engineered using an asymmetric anode and cathode micro porous layer (MPL) configuration. Extensive experimental tests have been conducted to study the impact of thermal and mass transport resistances on the net water flux coefficient for extremes of wet and dry operating conditions. The net water drag coefficient was measured in the range of 0.17 to +0.18 depending on the operating conditions and material configurations. A simplified model has also been developed to investigate the effect of temperature gradient on the net water drag coefficient. It is shown that with an asymmetric configuration, the net flux of water can be reversed under certain conditions, greatly enhancing high current density performance. For wet operating conditions, the cell configuration with asymmetric mass transport resistance can be utilized to tailor the back flux of water. For dry operating conditions, the thermal resistance is the key controlling parameter to affect the net water drag.
Integrated Solid Waste Management Engineering Principles And Management Issues

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Average Temperature, Diurnal Temperature Variation, and Stroke Hospitalizations.
Venue: Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases the official journal of National Stroke Association

Studies assessing the relationship between meteorological factors and stroke incidence are inconsistent. We assessed the associations of average temperature and diurnal temperature fluctuations with ischemic stroke hospitalizations in a nationally representative sample of patients in the United States.  Hospitalizations were identified for adults aged 18 years or older in the 2009 2011 Nationwide Inpatient Sample and linked with county level monthly average temperatures from the United States National Climatic Data Center. Logistic regression models assessed the relationships of 5degF increases in average temperature and diurnal temperature variation (difference between high and low daily temperatures) with the odds of ischemic stroke hospitalization (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes 433, 434, and 436) adjusting for patient characteristics and dew point. Models were stratified by age (18 64, =65 years) season, and region, with analysis at the hospitalization level.  Increased average temperature was associated with decreased odds of stroke hospitalization among both age groups and across seasons in the Northeast, and among the elderly in the West. Increased diurnal temperature variation was associated with increased odds of stroke hospitalization for nearly all regions in the spring to fall seasons; associations were most pronounced in the Northeast and strongest in the spring.  Lower average temperature and larger diurnal temperature variations were associated with stroke hospitalizations. Associations were strongest in the Northeast and largely similar across seasons and age. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms underlying these associations. Understanding these patterns may lead to targeted prevention strategies for vulnerable populations during periods of extreme weather conditions.
Fast Dictionary Learning with a Smoothed Wasserstein Loss
Venue: AISTATS

We consider in this paper the dictionary learning problem when the observations are normalized histograms of features. This problem can be tackled using non negative matrix factorization approaches, using typically Euclidean or Kullback Leibler fitting errors. Because these fitting errors are separable and treat each feature on equal footing, they are blind to any similarity the features may share. We assume in this work that we have prior knowledge on these features. To leverage this side information, we propose to use the Wasserstein (a.k.a. earth mover's or optimal transport) distance as the fitting error between each original point and its reconstruction, and we propose scalable algorithms to to so. Our methods build upon Fenchel duality and entropic regularization of Wasserstein distances, which improves not only speed but also computational stability. We apply these techniques on face images and text documents. We show in particular that we can learn dictionaries (topics) for bagof word representations of texts using words that may not have appeared in the original texts, or even words that come from a different language than that used in the texts.
Isogeometric shell analysis with NURBS compatible subdivision surfaces
Venue: Appl. Math. Comput.

We present a discretisation of Kirchhoff Love thin shells based on a subdivision algorithm that generalises NURBS to arbitrary topology. The isogeometric framework combines the advantages of both subdivision and NURBS, enabling higher degree analysis on watertight meshes of arbitrary geometry, including conic sections. Because multiple knots are supported, it is possible to benefit from symmetries in the geometry for a more efficient subdivision based analysis. The use of the new subdivision algorithm is an improvement to the flexibility of current isogeometric analysis approaches and allows new use cases.
Harnessing Diversity in Wheat to Enhance Grain Yield, Climate Resilience, Disease and Insect Pest Resistance and Nutrition Through Conventional and Modern Breeding Approaches
Venue: Front. Plant Sci.

Current trends in population growth and consumption patterns continue to increase the demand for wheat, a key cereal for global food security. Further, multiple abiotic challenges due to climate change and evolving pathogen and pests pose a major concern for increasing wheat production globally. Triticeae species comprising of primary, secondary, and tertiary gene pools represent a rich source of genetic diversity in wheat. The conventional breeding strategies of direct hybridization, backcrossing and selection have successfully introgressed a number of desirable traits associated with grain yield, adaptation to abiotic stresses, disease resistance, and bio fortification of wheat varieties. However, it is time consuming to incorporate genes conferring tolerance/resistance to multiple stresses in a single wheat variety by conventional approaches due to limitations in screening methods and the lower probabilities of combining desirable alleles. Efforts on developing innovative breeding strategies, novel tools and utilizing genetic diversity for new genes/alleles are essential to improve productivity, reduce vulnerability to diseases and pests and enhance nutritional quality. New technologies of high throughput phenotyping, genome sequencing and genomic selection are promising approaches to maximize progeny screening and selection to accelerate the genetic gains in breeding more productive varieties. Use of cisgenic techniques to transfer beneficial alleles and their combinations within related species also offer great promise especially to achieve durable rust resistance.