nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Planetary Dejection: An Ode to the Commons

Many contemporary Anglophone poets have, in the last fi ve years, turned to the lyric ode as a form through which to process global crisis and catastrophe.2 The appearance of so many odes is part of an emergent social vision for lyric poetry that, I believe, differs in several important ways from previous political projects undertaken by the lyric. The ode, in its structure of approach and withdrawal, depends on a complex and dialectical relation to otherness that cannot be explained adequately by the theoretical model of radical alterity proposed by Emmanuel Levinas. This chapter looks closely at Keston Sutherland's The Odes to TL61P (2013) as a case study in the articulation of a global ethics from within traditional lyric forms. In the ode, the fi rst person "I" is placed in dynamic relation to an other. This relation is not based on an infi nite "responsibility" to the other, as Levinas might have it, but rather on probing, querying, testing, feeling things out a mutable provisionality that holds off certainty as much as it avoids dramatic notions of ineffable otherness and radical alterity (Levinas 1961, 86) Through the ode, poets critique a notion of the "global" predicated on scarcity, in which the ethical fi gures of the "Same" and the "Other" become the allegorical
Does animation enhance learning? A meta analysis
Venue: Comput. Educ.

This meta analysis investigated whether animation is beneficial overall for learning compared to static graphics, while also identifying moderator factors affecting the global effect. A systematic search was conducted for experimental studies comparing the impact of animated vs. static graphics displays in the context of knowledge acquisition. A total of 50 papers were considered, and consecutively 61 primary studies (N 7036) yielding 140 pair wise comparisons of animated vs. static graphic visualizations in multimedia instructional material were analyzed using a random effects model. An overall positive effect of animation over static graphics was found, with a Hedges's g effect size of 0.226 (95% confidence interval 0.12 0.33) Additional moderator analyses indicated substantial effect sizes when the animation was system paced (g 0.309) when it was coupled with auditory commentary (g 0.336) or when the instruction did not include any accompanying text (g 0.883)
Learners' Listening Comprehension Difficulties in English Language Learning: A Literature Review.

Listening is one of the most important skills in English language learning. When students listen to English language, they face a lot of listening difficulties. Students have critical difficulties in listening comprehension because universities and schools pay more attention to writing, reading, and vocabulary. Listening is not an important part of many course books and most teachers do not pay attention to this important skill in their classes. In this paper, the researchers reviewed the terms listening, listening comprehension, listening comprehension strategies, and listening difficulties. The review of literature indicated that when teachers are aware of students' learning difficulties they can help them develop effective listening strategies and finally solve their difficulties in listening and improve their listening comprehension abilities.
The Importance Of Listening In Language Learning And Listening Comprehension Problems Experienced By Language Learners: A Literature Review

Listening has an important role both in daily life and in academic contexts as it is crucial for people to sustain effective communication. In spite of the importance of listening in the development of the communicative and cognitive skills, it did not start to take its place in language teaching curriculum for long years. However, in recent years, with the emphasis given in communication in language teaching, listening started to take its long deserved place in language programs. Although there are different perspectives to teaching listening, the success of each perspective somewhat depends on addressing and minimizing the listening comprehension problems experienced by language learners. This literature review aims to review the basic concepts related to the place and importance of listening skill in learning English as second or foreign language, and, in the light of the related literature, it focuses on listening comprehension problems experienced by second and foreign language learners.
The Significance of Listening Comprehension in English Language Teaching

Listening is a significant language skill to develop in second language learning. Despite its importance, language learners consider listening as the most difficult language skill to learn. Since the role of listening comprehension in language teaching has been repeatedly emphasized, many teachers do not pay enough attention to its importance in their classes. In this paper, the researchers review some important issues concerning listening comprehension to provide a basis for developing listening skill in English language teaching. It starts with a definition of listening and listening comprehension, a brief discussion of reasons for listening, followed by reviewing listening comprehension process, the importance of listening, teachers' roles in listening comprehension, and discuss strategies, techniques, and goals of listening. The review of literature indicated that learners can improve their listening comprehension through the help of teachers, using suitable materials and activities, and practicing a lot.
The Sustainable Use of Biodiversity and Its Implications in Agriculture: The Agroforestry Case in the Brazilian Legal Framework

Brazil is one of the biggest exporters of farm products and one of the most biologically diverse countries in the world. Nevertheless, agricultural expansion and the constant search for higher productivity are main factors leading to biodiversity loss. Thus, the promotion of rural sustainable development is considered a major challenge for Brazilian agricultural policy. In this context, agroforestry system of production might represent a viable solution, since it promotes biodiversity conservation without jeopardizing farm output. However, the complexity of the system may represent an obstacle to its legal implementation. Hence, this paper aims to analyse whether the Brazilian legal framework is well enough structured to implement this system in all its complexity. More widely, this research is seeking solutions to the conflict between traditional farming methods and the biodiversity conservation imperative in Brazil. In order to assess these issues question applied research was implemented and supported by an in depth literature and legislation review. Amongst the results, this paper shows that according to the green economy's theory of strong sustainability, the agroforestry way of production represent a sustainable agricultural system because the quality and the quantity of each component of the natural stock is maintained in its original state. Nevertheless, this paper concludes that, regarding the Brazilian context, the potential of the agroforestry systems is constraint by the lack of supportive regulatory framework.
Defining the Incremental Utility of Prostate Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging at Standard and Specialized Read in Predicting Extracapsular Extension of Prostate Cancer.
Venue: European urology

UNLABELLED Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is increasingly used in staging early prostate cancer (PCa) but remains heavily reader dependent. We aim to define the incremental utility of mpMRI over clinical parameters in determining the pathologic extracapsular extension (pECE) of PCa interpreted in a standard radiologic setting and when further over read by a specialized reader. We retrospectively reviewed 120 men with clinically localized PCa undergoing mpMRI and radical prostatectomy. We obtained radiologic prediction of pECE from standard radiologic reports (standard read) and by a specialized reader blinded to clinical and pathologic findings (specialized read) We determined the incremental benefit of standard read and specialized read by sequential addition to a baseline clinical parameters only logistic regression model predicting pECE. The sensitivity and specificity of standard read were 77% and 44% respectively, whereas those of specialized read were 86% and 81% The positive likelihood ratio was 1.7 at baseline, 1.7 adding standard read, and 6.5 adding specialized read. The negative likelihood ratio was 0.6 at baseline, 0.5 adding standard read, and 0.1 adding specialized read. Standard read modestly improved prediction of pECE, whereas specialized read improved it moderately.  The incremental benefit of mpMRI over clinical information is small but increases to moderate with a specialized second opinion. This second opinion may be useful when considering active surveillance, nerve sparing surgery, or focal therapy.
Efficient and selective oxidation of sulfur mustard using singlet oxygen generated by a pyrene based metal organic framework.
Venue: Journal of materials chemistry. A

A pyrene based metal organic framework (MOF) NU 1000 was used as a heterogeneous photocatalyst for the degradation of a sulfur mustard simulant, 2 chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) Using irradiation from a commercially available and inexpensive ultraviolet (UV) light emitting diode (LED) singlet oxygen (1O2) is generated by NU 1000 and selectively oxidizes CEES to the nontoxic product 2 chloroethyl ethyl sulfoxide (CEESO) More importantly, this method was tested on the warfare agent sulfur mustard (HD) for the first time using 1O2 and a MOF catalyst, and this method proved to be effective in oxidizing sulfur mustard to nontoxic products without forming the toxic sulfone by product.
Proteomic analysis reveals novel proteins associated with the Plasmodium protein exporter PTEX and a loss of complex stability upon truncation of the core PTEX component, PTEX150
Venue: Cellular microbiology

The Plasmodium translocon for exported proteins (PTEX) has been established as the machinery responsible for the translocation of all classes of exported proteins beyond the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane of the intraerythrocytic malaria parasite. Protein export, particularly in the asexual blood stage, is crucial for parasite survival as exported proteins are involved in remodelling the host cell, an essential process for nutrient uptake, waste removal and immune evasion. Here, we have truncated the conserved C terminus of one of the essential PTEX components, PTEX150, in Plasmodium falciparum in an attempt to create mutants of reduced functionality. Parasites tolerated C terminal truncations of up to 125 amino acids with no reduction in growth, protein export or the establishment of new permeability pathways. Quantitative proteomic approaches however revealed a decrease in other PTEX subunits associating with PTEX150 in truncation mutants, suggesting a role for the C terminus of PTEX150 in regulating PTEX stability. Our analyses also reveal three previously unreported PTEX associated proteins, namely PV1, Pf113 and Hsp70 x (respective PlasmoDB numbers; PF3D7_1129100, PF3D7_1420700 and PF3D7_0831700) and demonstrate that core PTEX proteins exist in various distinct multimeric forms outside the major complex.
Constitutive activation of DIA1 (DIAPH1) via C terminal truncation causes human sensorineural hearing loss
Venue: EMBO molecular medicine

DIAPH1 encodes human DIA1, a formin protein that elongates unbranched actin. The c.3634+1G>T DIAPH1 mutation causes autosomal dominant nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss, DFNA1, characterized by progressive deafness starting in childhood. The mutation occurs near the C terminus of the diaphanous autoregulatory domain (DAD) of DIA1, which interacts with its N terminal diaphanous inhibitory domain (DID) and may engender constitutive activation of DIA1. However, the underlying pathogenesis that causes DFNA1 is unclear. We describe a novel patient derived DIAPH1 mutation (c.3610C>T) in two unrelated families, which results in early termination prior to a basic amino acid motif (RRKR1204 1207) at the DAD C terminus. The mutant DIA1(R1204X) disrupted the autoinhibitory DID DAD interaction and was constitutively active. This unscheduled activity caused increased rates of directional actin polymerization movement and induced formation of elongated microvilli. Mice expressing FLAG tagged DIA1(R1204X) experienced progressive deafness and hair cell loss at the basal turn and had various morphological abnormalities in stereocilia (short, fused, elongated, sparse) Thus, the basic region of the DAD mediates DIA1 autoinhibition; disruption of the DID DAD interaction and consequent activation of DIA1(R1204X) causes DFNA1.
A 'Heart of Goal' and the Will to Succeed: Goal Commitment and Task Performance among Teachers in Public Schools

Much research suggests that employee goal commitment is predictive of work behaviour and performance. However, public administration research has yet to establish the linkage between goal commitment and task performance in the context of public service employees. Using survey data on school teachers with administrative data on students, this article employs within student between teachers fixed effects and shows how teachers' goal commitment affects their task performance. Moreover, the article shows how task difficulty moderates this relationship. The findings suggest that higher goal commitment promotes teacher task performance, in particular, at moderate to high levels of task difficulty.
Autentikasi lemak celeng dengan kromatografi gas spektroskopi massa yang dikombinasikan kemometrika

Halal food is one of interesting topic to be discussed. Most of the non halal item which is found at market is pork and its kind. A kind of pork is wild boar. In some cases, wild boar is faked on food product such as meatballs. This study aimed to analyze fatty acid which is contained on wild boar and processed using chemometrics PCA with other animal fats. Wild boar which is used in this experiment taken from Central Kalimantan (Kota Waringin) Fatties are obtained from wild boar lard. Wild boar lard is heated in oven at 90 100oC around for one hour until the oil out. Derivatization process is done to change fat into volatile methyl ester using NaOCH3 and BF3. Methyl ester is injected into system instrument Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC MS) Beside wild boar lard, also do same process on pig lard, cow, chicken, and goat. The result shows fatty acid in wild boar using GC MS produces 8 kinds fatty acid: lauric (0.71+ 0.075) myristic (1.96+ 0.114) palmitoleic (2.14+ 0.074) palmitic (2.14+ 0.074) margaric (0.27+ 0.024) linoleic (8.46+ 0.114) oleic (45.43+ 0.339) and stearic (14.37+ 0.310) Compared with fatty acid in pig, cow, chicken, and goat, fatty acid in wild boar has the highest total fatty acid with value 92.95% unsaturated fatty acid 56.03% and saturated fatty acid 36.92% Chemometric with Principles Component Analysis (PCA) can be used to classify fatty acid from many kind of animal fats. Fatty acid in wild boar based on chemometric PCA, its kind of close fatty acid to chicken and pork.
New Bounds for Keyed Sponges with Extendable Output: Independence Between Capacity and Message Length
Venue: FSE

We provide new bounds for the pseudo random function security of keyed sponge constructions. For the case $c\le b/2$$c the capacity and b the permutation size, our result improves over all previously known bounds. A remarkable aspect of our bound is that dependence between capacity and message length is removed, partially solving the open problem posed by Gazii 3/4 ?eti 3/4 ?al. at CRYPTOi 3/4 ?2015. Our bound is essentially tight, matching the two types of attacks pointed out by Gazii 3/4 ?eti 3/4 ?al. For the case $c>b/2$ Gazii 3/4 ?eti 3/4 ?al.'s bound remains the best for the case of single block output, but for keyed sponges with extendable outputs, our result partly when query complexity is relatively large provides better security than Menninki 3/4 ?eti 3/4 ?al.'s bound presented at ASIACRYPTi 3/4 ?2015.
Review on mechanisms and interactions in concomitant use of herbs and warfarin therapy.
Venue: Biomedicine pharmacotherapy Biomedecine pharmacotherapie

The effectiveness of warfarin, an oral anticoagulant originally derived from a plant, is strongly affected by patient's characteristics such as the age, presence of comorbidities, and concomitant use of another drug. Warfarin has the potential to interact with many drugs, medicinal plants, and food, which increases the risk of adverse events. A critical analysis of scientific literature was conducted to assess the interferences of medicinal plants with blood haemostasis and then with warfarin anticoagulation. We found 58 different plants that may alter the blood haemostasis and anticoagulation with warfarin. The herbs that showed the greatest potential to interact with warfarin include garlic, ginger, ginkgo, St. John's wort, and ginseng, i.e. plants normally consumed as food and also used for therapeutic purposes. The interactions between drugs and herbs are varied because of the complex chemical matrix of plants. Mainly coumarins, quinones, xanthones, terpenes, lignans, and vitamin K showed significant influence on warfarin treatment. In general, these plants can potentiate the effect of warfarin by stimulating anticoagulation in multiple ways, and the clinical outcome associated with this interaction is the increase of bleeding risk. Moreover, potential interactions between herbal products and drugs are a safety concern, especially for drugs with a narrow therapeutic index or for patients receiving drug treatment for chronic diseases, and both of these apply to warfarin pharmacotherapy. Therefore, this review article summarises the data on the influence of medicinal plants on warfarin treatment and analyses this information in view of the interaction targets. The relevant plants were categorised according to their target, and their effects are discussed in order to organise the isolated information and to highlight the need of further discussion and new studies on the safety of herbal medicines and warfarin.
Detection of resting state functional connectivity using partial correlation analysis: A study using multi distance and whole head probe near infrared spectroscopy
Venue: NeuroImage

Multichannel near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a functional neuroimaging modality that enables easy to use and noninvasive measurement of changes in blood oxygenation levels. We developed a clinically applicable method for estimating resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) with NIRS using a partial correlation analysis to reduce the influence of extraneural components. Using a multi distance probe arrangement NIRS, we measured resting state brain activity for 8min in 17 healthy participants. Independent component analysis was used to extract shallow and deep signals from the original NIRS data. Pearson's correlation calculated from original signals was significantly higher than that calculated from deep signals, while partial correlation calculated from original signals was comparable to that calculated from deep (cerebral tissue) signals alone. To further test the validity of our method, we also measured 8min of resting state brain activity using a whole head NIRS arrangement consisting of 17 cortical regions in 80 healthy participants. Significant RSFC between neighboring, interhemispheric homologous, and some distant ipsilateral brain region pairs was revealed. Additionally, females exhibited higher RSFC between interhemispheric occipital region pairs, in addition to higher connectivity between some ipsilateral pairs in the left hemisphere, when compared to males. The combined results of the two component experiments indicate that partial correlation analysis is effective in reducing the influence of extracerebral signals, and that NIRS is able to detect well described resting state networks and sex related differences in RSFC.
Twelve Principles for Green Energy Storage in Grid Applications.
Venue: Environmental science technology

The introduction of energy storage technologies to the grid could enable greater integration of renewables, improve system resilience and reliability, and offer cost effective alternatives to transmission and distribution upgrades. The integration of energy storage systems into the electrical grid can lead to different environmental outcomes based on the grid application, the existing generation mix, and the demand. Given this complexity, a framework is needed to systematically inform design and technology selection about the environmental impacts that emerge when considering energy storage options to improve sustainability performance of the grid. To achieve this, 12 fundamental principles specific to the design and grid application of energy storage systems are developed to inform policy makers, designers, and operators. The principles are grouped into three categories: (1) system integration for grid applications, (2) the maintenance and operation of energy storage, and (3) the design of energy storage systems. We illustrate the application of each principle through examples published in the academic literature, illustrative calculations, and a case study with an off grid application of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) In addition, trade offs that can emerge between principles are highlighted.
Influence of suspended particulates on phosphorus loading exported from farm drainage during a storm event in the Everglades Agricultural Area
Venue: Journal of Soils and Sediments

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of suspended particulates on P loading captured during a single storm event. The Everglades Agricultural Area of Florida comprises 280,000 ha of organic soil farmland artificially drained by ditches, canals, and pumps. Phosphorus (P) enriched suspended particulates in canals are susceptible to transport and can contribute significantly to the overall P loads in drainage water.Materials and methodsA settling tank experiment was conducted to capture suspended particulates during tropical storm Isaac in 2012 from three farms approximately 2.4 to 3.6 km2 in size. Farm canal discharge water was collected in a series of two 200 L settling tanks over a 7 day drainage period, during tropical storm Isaac. Water from the settling tanks was siphoned through Imhoff settling cones, where the suspended particulates were allowed to settle and collected for P fractionation analyses, and compared to intact sediment cores collected from the canals.Results and discussionThe discharged suspended particulates contained higher organic matter content, total P, and labile P fractions compared to the drainage canal sediments. Based on the equilibrium P concentrations, drainage canal sediments behave as a source of P to the water column. A 7 day continuous drainage event exported 4.7 to 11.1 t of suspended solids per farm, corresponding to 32 to 63 kg of particulate P being lost to downstream ecosystems. Drainage associated to this single 7 day storm event exported up to 61 of the total annual farm P load.ConclusionsIt is evident from this study that short term, high intensity storm events can skew annual P loads due to the export of significantly higher suspended particulate matter from farm canals. Exported particulates rich in P, if captured and replenished back on farmlands, would be a sustainable farming practice that can provide a supplemental source of nutrients.