nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of four multi label classification algorithms in classifying learning objects
Venue: Comput. Appl. Eng. Educ.

With the increasing number of learning objects (LOs) the possibility of their fast and effective retrieving and storing has become a more critical issue. The classification of LOs enables users to search for, access, and reuse them in an effective and efficient way. In this article, the multi label learning approach is represented for classifying and ranking multi labeled LOs, whereas each LO might be associated with multiple labels as opposed to a single label approach. A comprehensive overview of the common fundamental multi label classification algorithms and metrics will be discussed. In this article, a new multi labeled LOs dataset will be created and extracted from ARIADNE Learning Object Repository. We experimentally train four effective multi label classifiers on the created LOs dataset and then, assess their performance based on the results of 16 evaluation metrics. The result of this article will answer the question of; what is the best multi label classification algorithm for classifying multi labeled LOs?  View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21743
Conversations, connections, and culturally responsive teaching: Young adult literature in the English methods class

Despite the fact that we teach English education at two very different geographically and socioculturally situated universities one a mid sized rural Midwestern university and the other a large urban Southern university we discovered through extended dialogue that we both aim to make our methods courses safe spaces in which preservice teachers can consider and (de)construct their own identities as readers while preparing to teach literature in secondary schools across the United States and beyond. We realized that to create lifelong readers in those schools, we should begin with our preservice teachers' identities as readers, knowledge of intertextuality, and considerations of reading as a social practice before asking them to become English teachers who connect their students to texts and to the world around them. And to do this, we use young adult literature and culturally responsive teaching. Notwithstanding the prevalence of adolescent fiction in popular culture (e.g. Harry Potter, Twilight, The Fault in Our Stars, The Hunger Games, etc. preservice teachers at both our universities report being asked to teach mostly canonical texts, a fact that echoes studies by Applebee (1993) and more recently by Stallworth Gibbons (2012) in English Leadership Quarterly. Young adult literature (YAL) provides preservice teachers with the opportunity to connect with their prior experiences as adolescents as well as with their identities as readers. Moreover, YAL allows our preservice teachers to engage in critical analysis of their own lives and helps them recognize and critique "discourses of power" (Delpit, 1992) Likewise, as Kaywell (2001) argues, we should engage preservice teachers in "the reading and discussion of young adult literature so that these books will continue to find their way into classrooms to enrich students' reading lives" (p. 326) We both use YAL in our methods courses to help preservice teachers develop arguments not only about which young adult texts to include in their lesson plans but also why they would incorporate those specific texts and how those texts might mirror or complicate ideas from canonical pieces. What we have discovered, through in depth dialogue and collaborative research, is that our preservice teachers can develop more confidence and make more meaningful culturally responsive connections with texts and with their secondary students if we use young adult literature in our methods courses.
A latent class analysis of urban American Indian youth identities.
Venue: Cultural diversity ethnic minority psychology

This study examined sources of indigenous identity among urban American Indian youth that map the three theoretical dimensions of a model advanced by Markstrom: identification (tribal and ethnic heritage) connection (through family and reservation ties) and involvement in traditional culture and spirituality.  Data came from self administered questionnaires completed by 208 urban American Indian students from five middle schools in a large metropolitan area in the Southwest.  Descriptive statistics showed most youth were connected to multiple indicators on all three dimensions of indigenous identity: native parental heritage, native best friends, past and current reservation connections, involvement with cultural practices, tribal language and spirituality, and alignment with native and mainstream cultural orientations. A latent class analysis identified five classes. There were two larger groups, one with strong native heritage and the highest levels of enculturation, and another that was more bicultural in orientation. The remaining three groups were smaller and about equal in size: a highly acculturated group with mixed parental ethnic heritage, those who had strong native heritage but were culturally disengaged, and a group with some mixed ethnic heritage that was low on indicators of enculturation. Evidence for the validity of the latent classes came from significant variations across the classes in scores on an American Indian ethnic identity (modified Phinney) scale, the students' open ended descriptions of the main sources of their indigenous identities, and the better academic grades of classes that were more culturally engaged.  Despite the challenges of maintaining cultural identities in the urban environment, most youth in this sample expressed a strong sense of indigenous identity, claimed personal and parental tribal heritage, remained connected to reservation communities, and actively engaged in Native cultural and spiritual life.
Sensory Processing and Its Relationship with Children's Daily Life Participation
Venue: Physical occupational therapy in pediatrics

To investigate whether children with probable or definite differences in sensory processing (SP) had participation restrictions, and the relationship between Short Sensory Profile (SSP) scores and children's participation.  The participants were parents of 64 children (mean age 8 years 1 month) 36 with potential impairments in regulating sensory input and filtering out unnecessary stimuli (29 boys, 7 girls) and 28 with typical SP abilities (25 boys, 3 girls) Parents' completed the SSP and Participation in Childhood Occupations Questionnaire (PICO Q) The SSP score was used to categorize children as potential SP impairment group and typical SP ability group.  Children categorized as having probable or definite differences in SP exhibited significantly lower participation levels and enjoyment than children categorized as having typical SP abilities. However, participation frequency between both groups was similar. Six out of the seven SP impairment types had small to moderate correlations with children's participation (r 0.25 0.48, p 0.05) Multiple regression analyses indicated that only three impairment types (Underresponsive/Seeks Sensation, Low Energy/Weak, and Visual/Auditory Sensitivity) were significant predictors of PICO Q participation domains.  The results suggest that children with potential SP impairments have restrictions in the degree of participation and enjoyment. Three SP types were related to specific participation domains, but they explained a small amount of variance or none in some participation domains. Other variables should be considered to identify determinants of children's participation.
Differences in the ability of two marine annelid species, Thalassodrilides sp. and Perinereis nuntia, to detoxify 1 nitronaphthalene.
Venue: Chemosphere

Bioremediation is a promising method for remediating environmentally polluted water. We investigated the abilities of two benthic annelid species to biotransform 1 nitronaphthalene, a nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. We used an oligochaete, Thalassodrilides sp. (Naididae) collected from the sediment beneath a fish farm and a polychaete, Perinereis nuntia, which was obtained from a commercial source. Populations of both organisms were exposed to 1400 mg L( 1) of 1 nitronaphthalene in seawater for 3 days in the dark at 20 degC. The concentration of the pollutant decreased to 12 mg L( 1) in the seawater containing the Thalassodrilides sp. and to 560 mg L( 1) in the seawater containing P. nuntia. The 1 nitronaphthalene concentration in the bodies of the animals increased from 12 to 94 mg kg( 1) in Thalassodrilides sp. and from 0.90 mg kg( 1) to 38,000 mg kg( 1) in P. nuntia. After 3 days, 99% and 40% of the 1 nitronaphthalene had been biotransformed in the Thalassodrilides sp. and P. nuntia experimental groups, respectively. We then tested the acute toxicity of residual 1 nitronaphthalene from the same water using mummichog (fish) larvae. After the larvae had been exposed for 96 h, the percentage of apparently unaffected larvae remaining was 83.3% in Thalassodrilides sp. group but only 16.7% in the P. nuntia group. Clearly, of the two species we studied, Thalassodrilides sp. had a superior ability to convert 1 nitronaphthalene into substances that were nontoxic to mummichog larvae. Therefore, we recommend the use of this species for bioremediation of chemically polluted sediments.
Suillus foetidus (Boletales, Basidiomycota) a new species from northeast China

A new species, Suillus foetidus is described based on morphological and molecular evidence. It can be distinguished from other known species of the genus Suillus in having a dry brown pileus, a taupe without ring stipe, decurrent hymenophore which change to greenish blue when exposed and presence of clamp connections.The novelty of S. foetidus is confirmed by molecular evidence from the nucrDNA internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) Original biotope photographs, line drawings of microscopic structures and a detailed description of sporocarp are provided.
Development and maintenance efforts testing graphical user interfaces: a comparison
Venue: A TEST@SIGSOFT FSE

For testing of graphical user interfaces many tools exists. The aim of this work is a statement regarding the advantages and disadvantages of various testing tools with regard to their use in the economic context to be taken. It is compared, inter alia, whether there are differences in the generations of test tools in terms of finding defects and which tool has the lowest development and maintenance costs. Results show that with QF Test test suites can be created the quickest while EggPlant has the shortest maintenance time. TestComplete performs worse in both disciplines. For test robustness, no clear picture can be drawn. The selection of a test tool is typically done once in a project at the beginning and should be considered carefully.
AUTOMATION OF A CLOUD HOSTED APPLICATION

Software testing is the process of assessing quality of a software product to determine whether it matches with the existing requirements of the customer or not. Software testing is one of the "Verification and Validation," or V&V, software practices. The two basic techniques of software testing are Black box testing and White box testing. Black box testing focuses solely on the outputs generated in response to the inputs supplied neglecting the internal components of the software. Whereas, White box testing focuses on the internal mechanism of the software of any application. To explore the feasibility of black box and white box testing under a given set of conditions, a proper test automation framework needs to be deployed. Automation is deployed in order to reduce the manual effort and to perform testing continuously, thereby increasing the quality of the product.  In this research, cloud hosted application is automated using TestComplete tool. The objective of this thesis is to verify the functionality of cloud application such as test appliance library through automation and to measure the impact of the automation on release cycles of the organisation.  Here automation is implemented using scrum methodology which is an agile development software process. Using scrum methodology, the product with working software can be delivered to the customers incrementally and empirically with updating functionalities in it. Test appliance library functionality is verified deploying testing device thereby keeping track of automatic software downloads into the testing device and licenses updating in the testing device.  Automation of test appliance functionality of cloud hosted application is made using TestComplete tool and impact of automation on release cycles is found reduced. Through automation of cloud hosted application, nearly 24% of reduction in level of release cycles can be observed thereby reducing the manual effort and increasing the quality of delivery.  Automation of a cloud hosted application provides no manual effort thereby utilisation of time can be made effectively and application can be tested continuously increasing the efficiency and the quality of an application.
Design Principles for Industrie 4.0 Scenarios
Venue: 2016 49th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS)

The increasing integration of the Internet of Everything into the industrial value chain has built the foundation for the next industrial revolution called Industrie 4.0. Although Industrie 4.0 is currently a top priority for many companies, research centers, and universities, a generally accepted understanding of the term does not exist. As a result, discussing the topic on an academic level is difficult, and so is implementing Industrie 4.0 scenarios. Based on a quantitative text analysis and a qualitative literature review, the paper identifies design principles of Industrie 4.0. Taking into account these principles, academics may be enabled to further investigate on the topic, while practitioners may find assistance in identifying appropriate scenarios. A case study illustrates how the identified design principles support practitioners in identifying Industrie 4.0 scenarios.
Economic savings linked to future Arctic shipping trade are at odds with climate change mitigation

This paper assesses costs, emissions, and climate impact by freight shipping in the Arctic with main focus on the Northern Sea Route. The entire route lies in Arctic waters, which due to global warming, has become ice free during summer and autumn. The route goes from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean along the Russian Arctic coast and reduces voyage distance by 40% between Northern Europe and Japan. Traditionally, comparisons of the climate impact of transport solutions have been based on fuel consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) while other trace emissions in the exhaust gas have been ignored. It is becoming increasingly well known however, that aerosols, and their precursors emitted from shipping are strong climate forcers, with a magnitude that is intimately connected to the specific region of emission. Taking into account these considerations, we apply region specific Global Warming Potential (GWP) characterization factors to estimate the relative magnitude of the short lived climate forcers in the Arctic compared to traditional shipping regions and to the impact of CO2 emissions in light of reduced overall fuel consumption. The results indicate that there are no general climate benefits of utilizing the Northern Sea Route, even with cleaner fuels, since the additional impact of emissions in the Arctic more than offsets the effect of shorter voyages. In terms of climate change mitigation, managing this trade off will be challenging, as the Northern Sea Route offers cost savings per ton of freight transported.
Assessment of the measurement performance of the in vessel system of gap 6 of the ITER plasma position reflectometer using a finite difference time domain Maxwell full wave code.
Venue: The Review of scientific instruments

We conducted a first assessment of the measurement performance of the in vessel components at gap 6 of the ITER plasma position reflectometry with the aid of a synthetic Ordinary Mode (O mode) broadband frequency modulated continuous wave reflectometer implemented with REFMUL, a 2D finite difference time domain full wave Maxwell code. These simulations take into account the system location within the vacuum vessel as well as its access to the plasma. The plasma case considered is a baseline scenario from Fusion for Energy. We concluded that for the analyzed scenario, (i) the plasma curvature and non equatorial position of the antenna have neglectable impact on the measurements; (ii) the cavity like space surrounding the antenna can cause deflection and splitting of the probing beam; and (iii) multi reflections on the blanket wall cause a substantial error preventing the system from operating within the required error margin.
Breaking Symmetric Cryptosystems Using Quantum Period Finding
Venue: CRYPTO

Due to Shor's algorithm, quantum computers are a severe threat for public key cryptography. This motivated the cryptographic community to search for quantum safe solutions. On the other hand, the impact of quantum computing on secret key cryptography is much less understood. In this paper, we consider attacks where an adversary can query an oracle implementing a cryptographic primitive in a quantum superposition of different states. This model gives a lot of power to the adversary, but recent results show that it is nonetheless possible to build secure cryptosystems in it. We study applications of a quantum procedure called Simon's algorithm the simplest quantum period finding algorithm in order to attack symmetric cryptosystems in this model. Following previous works in this direction, we show that several classical attacks based on finding collisions can be dramatically sped up using Simon's algorithm: finding a collision requires \varOmega 2^{n/2} queries in the classical setting, but when collisions happen with some hidden periodicity, they can be found with only On queries in the quantum model. We obtain attacks with very strong implications. First, we show that the most widely used modes of operation for authentication and authenticated encryption e.g. CBC MAC, PMAC, GMAC, GCM, and OCB are completely broken in this security model. Our attacks are also applicable to many CAESAR candidates: CLOC, AEZ, COPA, OTR, POET, OMD, and Minalpher. This is quite surprising compared to the situation with encryption modes: Anand et al. show that standard modes are secure with a quantum secure PRF. Second, we show that Simon's algorithm can also be applied to slide attacks, leading to an exponential speed up of a classical symmetric cryptanalysis technique in the quantum model.
Open Polar Server (OPS) An Open Source Infrastructure for the Cryosphere Community
Venue: ISPRS Int. J. Geo Inf.

The Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets (CReSIS) at the University of Kansas has collected approximately 1000 terabytes (TB) of radar depth sounding data over the Arctic and Antarctic ice sheets since 1993 in an effort to map the thickness of the ice sheets and ultimately understand the impacts of climate change and sea level rise. In addition to data collection, the storage, management, and public distribution of the dataset are also primary roles of the CReSIS. The Open Polar Server (OPS) project developed a free and open source infrastructure to store, manage, analyze, and distribute the data collected by CReSIS in an effort to replace its current data storage and distribution approach. The OPS infrastructure includes a spatial database management system (DBMS) map and web server, JavaScript geoportal, and MATLAB application programming interface (API) for the inclusion of data created by the cryosphere community. Open source software including GeoServer, PostgreSQL, PostGIS, OpenLayers, ExtJS, GeoEXT and others are used to build a system that modernizes the CReSIS data distribution for the entire cryosphere community and creates a flexible platform for future development. Usability analysis demonstrates the OPS infrastructure provides an improved end user experience. In addition, interpolating glacier topography is provided as an application example of the system.
Dynamic brain network reconfiguration as a potential schizophrenia genetic risk mechanism modulated by NMDA receptor function
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Converging evidence points to a role for glutamate and altered brain network dynamics in schizophrenia, but the molecular and genetic contributions are poorly understood. Here, we applied dynamic network neuroscience methods to neuroimaging working memory data to identify potential alterations in brain network flexibility related to schizophrenia genetic risk and N methyl d aspartate (NMDA) receptor hypofunction. Consistent with altered network dynamics, we detected significant increases in brain network flexibility in patients with schizophrenia, healthy first degree relatives, and healthy subjects receiving a single dose of an NMDA receptor antagonist. Our data identify a potential dynamic network intermediate phenotype related to the genetic risk for schizophrenia and point to a critical role for glutamate in the temporal coordination of neural networks and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is increasingly recognized as a disorder of distributed neural dynamics, but the molecular and genetic contributions are poorly understood. Recent work highlights a role for altered N methyl d aspartate (NMDA) receptor signaling and related impairments in the excitation inhibitory balance and synchrony of large scale neural networks. Here, we combined a pharmacological intervention with novel techniques from dynamic network neuroscience applied to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify alterations in the dynamic reconfiguration of brain networks related to schizophrenia genetic risk and NMDA receptor hypofunction. We quantified "network flexibility," a measure of the dynamic reconfiguration of the community structure of time variant brain networks during working memory performance. Comparing 28 patients with schizophrenia, 37 unaffected first degree relatives, and 139 healthy controls, we detected significant differences in network flexibility [F(2,196) 6.541, P 0.002] in a pattern consistent with the assumed genetic risk load of the groups (highest for patients, intermediate for relatives, and lowest for controls) In an observer blinded, placebo controlled, randomized, cross over pharmacological challenge study in 37 healthy controls, we further detected a significant increase in network flexibility as a result of NMDA receptor antagonism with 120 mg dextromethorphan [F(1,34) 5.291, P 0.028] Our results identify a potential dynamic network intermediate phenotype related to the genetic liability for schizophrenia that manifests as altered reconfiguration of brain networks during working memory. The phenotype appears to be influenced by NMDA receptor antagonism, consistent with a critical role for glutamate in the temporal coordination of neural networks and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.