nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Automated workflow regression testing for multi tenant SaaS: integrated support in self service configuration dashboard
Venue: A TEST@SIGSOFT FSE

Single instance multi tenant SaaS applications allow tenant administrators to (extensively) customize the application according to the requirements of their organizations. In the specific case of workflow driven applications, the SaaS provider may offer a set of pre defined workflow activities and leave their composition to the tenant administrators. In such cases, the tenant administrator can instantiate new variants of the application without deploying new software. This effectively makes these tenant administrators part of the DevOps team, and in turn creates the need for the SaaS provider to provide them with Quality Assurance tool support. One such tool is a regression testing framework that allows them to make sure that a new version of a workflow can behave similarly as to a successful execution of a previous version. This paper highlights the potential and discusses the inherent challenges of running regression tests on workflows in the production environment of a multi tenant SaaS application and outlines a solution in terms of architecture and automation techniques for mocking and regression detection under control of tenant administrators.
The Role of International Framework in Promoting Copyright protection in Cyber space

The intellectual property is the wealth of nations. The misappropriation and destruction of this property can imbalance the economic infrastructure of the nation. When it comes to the copyright in cyber space, it is very much vulnerable to appropriations, as it would cheaply be reproduced. By introducing uniformity of applications to state laws internationally, the international conventions like Berne Convention, the WIPO Copyright Convention, the TRIPS Agreement, WIIPO Performances and Phonogram Treaty, 1996, have got a great role in Protection of Copyright in Cyber space. Further, USA, UK and European countries have also taken lead in this direction by enacting The Digital Millennium Copyright Act, 1998 (US) Internet and its ability of transmitting works almost at a lightning speed, copyright protection has become increasingly difficult. The problems created by recent technological developments cannot be solved by the decisions of individual countries. With the Internet, copyrighted works remain vulnerable to outside piracy even if protected in the home country. The parallel growth of state laws as well as international treaties can meet the challenges that the law faces in this modern technological era.
"Courts Have Twisted Themselves into Knots" U.S. Copyright Protection for Applied Art

In copyright law, the marriage of beauty and utility often proves fraught. Domestic and international law makers have struggled to determine whether, and to what extent, copyright should cover works that are both artistic and functional. The U.S. Copyright Act protects a work of applied art "only if, and only to the extent that, its design incorporates pictorial, graphic, or sculptural features that can be identified separately from, and are capable of existing independently of, the utilitarian aspects of the article." While the policy goal to separate the aesthetic from the functional is clear, courts' application of the statutory "separability" standard has become so complex and incoherent that the U.S. Supreme Court has agreed to hear an appeal from a case in which the appellate court, echoing sister Circuits, expressed the lament quoted in the title of this article. The article will review the genesis and application of the statutory standard, with illustrations from several of the cases, and will offer two conclusions and a legislative proposal. First, the controversy before the Court does not concern the "design of a useful article," and therefore does not require the Court to resolve the meaning of "separability." The controversy nonetheless reveals the importance of ascertaining whether the contested design is in fact the design of a "useful article." A pre existing pictorial, graphic or sculptural work applied to a useful article is not itself a useful article, and courts need not "twist themselves into knots" endeavoring to parse the meaning of the statutory separability standard. Were the Supreme Court to decline to reach separability on the ground that resolution of the Varsity Brands dispute does not in fact require it, some might be disappointed that the Court would fail to tidy the disarray in the lower courts. But the predicate issue what is the design of a "useful article" also warrants more attention than lower courts have given it. Thus, were the Court to leave separability to a case that in fact poses that issue, the Court would still contribute to clarifying this area of copyright law.Second, the statutory requirements of separate identifiability and independent existence apply to "features" of the design, not to the entire shape of a useful article; attempts (including those ventured by this article) to extend separability analysis to the useful article's form as a whole prove unworkable. Accordingly, rather than continuing to struggle with an intractable statutory copyrightability standard, this article proposes the enlargement of Title 17's sui generis design protection regime to cover original designs of most useful articles.
Integration of Digital Technology and Innovative Strategies for Learning and Teaching Large Classes: A Calculus Case Study.

Successful science and engineering programs require proficiency and dynamics in mathematics classes to enhance the learning of complex subject matter with a sufficient amount of practical problem solving. Improving student performance and retention in mathematics classes requires inventive approaches. At the University of Central Florida (UCF) the Department of Mathematics developed an innovative teaching method that incorporated computers and MyLabsPlus software with application sessions in large calculus classes. Introduction of new technology, in class problem solving and application (or discussion) sessions are important factors in the enhancement of students' deep understanding of mathematics. We will detail various components of the course (daily online homework sets, online skills tests, application sessions and projects with Teaching Assistants, in class tests, and comprehensive final exam) and discuss how we obtained optimal results enhancing the traditional teaching techniques. The instructional delivery involves group work combined with the use of computer technology to analyze the relationship between the physical problems and the mathematical models. We hope that the details of our experiences and the lessons we learned along the way will be helpful to others who are struggling with the same issues. Furthermore, this technique can be used to teach large classes not only in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines but also in social sciences.
Design and Feasibility Testing of the truth FinishIt Tobacco Countermarketing Brand Equity Scale
Venue: Journal of health communication

The original truth campaign was a branded, national smoking prevention mass media effort focused on at risk youth ages 12 17. Today the truth brand focuses on the goal of finishing tobacco (truth FinishIt) There have been significant changes in the tobacco control landscape, leading FinishIt to focus on 15 to 21 year olds. The present article reports on formative research and media monitoring data collected to pilot test a new truth FinishIt brand equity scale. The goals of this study were to (a) content analyze truth FinishIt mass media ads, (b) assess truth's social media and followers' perceptions of truth's digital brand identity, and (c) develop and feasibility test a new version of the truth FinishIt brand equity scale using data from an existing Truth Initiative media monitoring study. Through factor analysis, we identified a brand equity scale, as in previous research, consisting of 4 main constructs: brand loyalty, leadership/satisfaction, personality, and awareness. Targeted truth attitudes and beliefs about social perceptions, acceptability, and industry related beliefs were regressed on the higher order factor and each of the 4 individual brand equity factors. Ordinary least squares regression models generally showed associations in the expected directions (positive for anti tobacco and negative for pro tobacco) between targeted attitudes/beliefs and truth FinishIt brand equity. This study succeeded in developing and validating a new truth FinishIt brand equity scale. The scale may be a valuable metric for future campaign evaluation. Future studies should examine the effects of truth FinishIt brand equity on tobacco use behavioral outcomes over time.
El El aislamiento social como consecuencia del uso excesivo de internet y moviles en adolescentes.

En el presente articulo se da cuenta de como el uso continuo y excesivo de internet y telefonos celulares ha tenido consecuencias negativas, llegando a crear una adiccion y repercutiendo en las relaciones interpersonales, cayendo con esto en el aislamiento social. Esta adiccion de "estar en linea" resalta mas en adolescentes de entre 13 18 anos quienes son mas vulnerables, puesto que necesitan un amplio reconocimiento que encuentran en internet. A partir de esto, se aplicaron tres instrumentos (Adiccion al telefono movil, Adiccion a internet y Escala de Soledad Social) a 20 adolescentes de entre 14 y16 anos, con el fin de evaluar la adiccion que presentan hacia al internet y a los telefonos moviles, asi como la relacion que existe entre estas adicciones y el aislamiento social. En este sentido, se encontro que existe una mayor correlacion entre adiccion a internet y aislamiento social, por lo que es importante reducir el tiempo que se pasa en internet con el fin de reorganizar el tiempo para poder realizar otras actividades, asi como poder establecer relaciones interpersonales adecuadas.
Adiccion a Internet en futuros profesores un estudio de caso con alumnado universitario

Some studies show a high consumption of Internet at any age. Internet use has spread to all places because mobile devices has more performance and conectivividad. The aim of this study was to analyze the degree of Internet addiction students of the Faculty of Education Sciences at the University of Malaga. We used a cross sectional study to describe the case. The data collection instrument is a autocompletable online questionnaire. Anonymous and voluntary. 809 students responded (18.16% of total).Results. The results show that Internet use by college students is widespread, especially through laptops and mobile phones, used at home and at the university. No significant differences with regard to gender, but there are differences with respect to age: younger students have higher levels of Internet addiction. Internet addiction is not an alarming phenomenon in the sample, but a fact to which we must pay attention.
Group delivered cognitive/exposure therapy for PTSD in women veterans: A randomized controlled trial.
Venue: Psychological trauma theory, research, practice and policy

Group delivery of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment has several advantages, however group research is not comparable to individual trials. This study extends the group literature by improving methodology in examining the efficacy of a 3 module (cognitive, exposure, skills) group treatment for PTSD, establishes a format for the delivery of group exposure therapy, and compares 3 treatment modules within the group.  Eighty six Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF)/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) women veterans were randomized to a 16 week, 3 member group treatment (Tx) or a waitlist (WL) condition. The primary (Clinician Administered PTSD Scale [CAPS] and secondary (Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 [SF 36] Quality of Life Inventory [QOLI] and PTSD Checklist [PCL] outcome measures were administered at baseline, post Tx/WL, and at 3 and 6 months post Tx (PCL additionally at pre/post for each treatment module) RESULTS PTSD symptoms significantly improved in Tx arm participants (p .001, ES 1.72; unit of analysis group: n 14) as did mental and physical life functioning (SF 36; p .001) and quality of life (QOLI; p .001) The WL significantly improved on the SF 36 (mental; p .04) and QOLI (p .02) Clinical improvement (CAPS) in the Tx arm reflected a treatment response =10 point decrease) in 77% and loss of PTSD diagnosis <45) in 52% of participants, comparable to individual prolonged exposure (PE) treatment. Finally, PCL scores significantly lowered in exposure and cognitive modules.  This study supports the use of group format for PTSD with 3 modules using improved methodology, with a novel, 3 member group which allows repeated in session weekly imaginal exposures. The results suggest future examination of group delivered PE.
Disrupting ELL Teacher Candidates' Identities: Indigenizing Teacher Education in One Study Abroad Program

In this article, the researchers describe and theorize the challenges and promises of exposing preservice teachers' identities to indigenous, critical second language teaching experiences in one study abroad program in Mexico. The eight teacher candidates who participated in this 4 week program were predominantly white, like the majority of teachers of English language learners in the United States today. By analyzing teacher candidates' self assessments, course work samples, class discussions, focus group sessions, and ethnographic field notes, the researchers found three main themes of identity shifts: becoming socially aware, becoming empaths, and becoming creators of loving classroom spaces. These tentative changes appear to be the result of a carefully crafted curriculum, including the extracurricular activities organized in concert with the social justice language institute with whom the researchers partnered. At the same time, the teacher candidates' identities worked in tensions with former identities already created, such as being excellent "classroom managers." The researchers show these tensions and realistic hopes regarding the teacher candidates. This program and other alternatives to preparing preservice teachers attempting to work with culturally and linguistically minoritized communities can serve as examples of beginning efforts to decolonize curricula. This critical approach to teacher preparation creates cracks between worlds (Anzaldua, 2002) that allow preservice teachers to rethink their identities as second language teachers in local and global contexts.
CNN for Handwritten Arabic Digits Recognition Based on LeNet 5
Venue: AISI

In recent years, handwritten digits recognition has been an important area due to its applications in several fields. This work is focusing on the recognition part of handwritten Arabic digits recognition that face several challenges, including the unlimited variation in human handwriting and the large public databases. The paper provided a deep learning technique that can be effectively apply to recognizing Arabic handwritten digits. LeNet 5, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) trained and tested MADBase database (Arabic handwritten digits images) that contain 60000 training and 10000 testing images. A comparison is held amongst the results, and it is shown by the end that the use of CNN was leaded to significant improvements across different machine learning classification algorithms.
Masked face detection via a modified LeNet
Venue: Neurocomputing

Detecting masked faces in the wild has been emerging recently, which has rich applications ranging from violence video retrieval to video surveillance. Its accurate detection retains as an open problem, mainly due to the difficulties of low resolution and arbitrary viewing angles, as well as the limitation of collecting sufficient amount of training samples. Such difficulties have been significantly challenged the design of effective handcraft features as well as robust detectors. In this paper, we tackle these problems by proposing a learn based feature design and classifier training paradigm. More particularly, a modified LeNet, termed MLeNet, is presented, which modifies the number of units in output layer of LeNet to suit for a specific classification. Meanwhile, MLeNet further increases the number of feature maps with smaller filter size. To further reduce overfitting and improve the performance with a small quantity of training samples, we firstly increase the training dataset by horizontal reflection and then learn MLeNet via combining both pre training and fine tuning. We evaluate the proposed model on a real world masked face detection dataset. Quantitative evaluations over several state of the arts and alternative solution have demonstrated the accuracy and robustness of the proposed model.
The Impact of a Suggested Practical Programme on Improving Artsof English Seniors' Translation Competences at the Islamic University of Gaza and Their Attitudes Towards Translation

The main research objective of this study is to examine the impact of a suggested practical programme on improving 'Arts of English' seniors' translation competences at the Islamic University of Gaza (IUG) and explore their attitudes towards translation. Researchers referred to previous studies, theoretical framework and some models for classifying translation competences and subsequently developed a modified and refereed model. The results showed that 'Arts of English' seniors are required to have three main competences: knowledge, skills and attitudes. The researchers also prepared a programme including a handout for students, job experience, training methods and learning styles and evaluation tools. Additionally, data were collected using an assessment card with a supportive tool; self assessment reports, and after the researchers ensured the validity and reliability of the tools the constructed programme was applied on 15 students selected randomly from the sample of the study, including 30 female students. Data collected were statistically analyzed, and the t test independent sample and Eta square were used to measure the effect size after conducting the test of normality. After completing the programme the post assessment card results were compared with those of the pre assessment card and there was a statistically significant improvement in the students' performance as observed in the post assessment card. The researchers also constructed an attitude scale, and results showed that the programme had a significant impact on improving students' attitudes towards translation.
Environmental Protection through Nuclear Energy

Environmental protection through implementation of green energies is progressively becoming a daily reality. Numerous sources of green energy were introduced in recent years. Although this process initially started with difficulties, it finally resulted in an acceleration and implementation of new green energy technologies. Nonetheless, new major obstacles are emerging. The most worldwide difficult obstacle encountered, especially for wind and photovoltaic electric power plants, is the not regular and predictable green energy production. This study proposes solutions designed to solve this unpleasant aspect of irregular production of green energy. The basic idea refers to the construction of specially designed nuclear power plants acting as energy buffers. Nuclear power plants, indeed, may behave as proper energy buffers able to work to a minimum capacity when the green energy (i.e. wind power or PV) is steadily produced (namely, when the energy generated by the turbines or PV panels is at full constant capacity) but that can also run at progressively increased capacities when the wind or solar energy production reduces or stops. The work get two major contributions: 1 propose to the achievement of an energy buffer using nuclear power plants (for the moment on nuclear fission) 2 shows some theoretical aspects important needed to carry out the reaction of the fusion.
Trust and Public Support for Environmental Protection in Diverse National Contexts

Worldwide, most people share scientists' concerns about environmental problems, but reject the solution that policy experts most strongly recommend: putting a price on pollution. Why? I show that this puzzling gap between the public's positive concerns and normative preferences is due substantially to a lack of trust, particularly political trust. In multilevel models fitted to two international survey datasets, trust strongly predicts support for environmental protection within countries and, by some measures, among countries also. An influential competing theory holds that environmental attitudes correlate mostly with left versus right political ideology; the results here, however, show that this correlation is weaker and varies substantially from country to country unlike that with trust. Theoretically, these results reflect that environmental degradation is a collective action problem and environmental protection a public good. Methodologically, they derive from the more flexible application of multilevel modeling techniques than in previous studies using such models.
The Role of Green Finance in Environmental Protection: Two Aspects of Market Mechanism and Policies

Green finance is a new financial pattern to integrate environmental protection with economic profits, emphasizing "green" and "finance" two of which are controversial issues. This paper probes into the status quo of green finance in the field of renewable energy and finds out some inadequacies. We devote attention to development of market mechanism and formulation of policies. By revealing the internal contradictions between green finance and environmental protection, we propose solutions intrinsically for better achievement of ecological balance.
Job Specific Factors and Prevalence of Multiple and Disabling Musculoskeletal Pain Among Office Workers, Nurses, and Caregivers in Estonia

The aims of this study were to describe job specific factors and prevalence of musculoskeletal pains (MSPs) by the occupation and body regions in the past 12 months and past month, to analyse multisite and disabling pain and sick leave among office workers (OW) nurses and caregivers (CG) and to find relationships between the observed indicators. The study groups were selected by random sample method. Questionnaire responses on demographic parameters, job specific factors, and MSPs by body parts in the past 12 months (MSP 12) and past month (MSP 1) were analysed. A questionnaire was sent to 1291 participants. The response rate was 54% Most of the participants were women, with mean age 41.2 11.5) years, working on average 42.8 6.7) hours per week and had service length more than five years. Repetitive movements of wrist/hands and working under time pressure were more often reported risk factors by the nurses. Lifting weights 25 kg and more, climbing up and down, kneeling more than one hour a day and piecework finished in the work shift were the most often reported job related risk factors for the CGs. Use of a keyboard was the same frequent work related risk factor for the OWs. The most prevalent MSP 12 was low back pain for CGs (66.3% and nurses (56.1% and neck pain for OWs (51.5% The most often reported MSP 1 was shoulder pain for nurses and OWs (84.4% and 65.7% correspondingly) and elbow pain for CGs (74.9% In the the entire sampled group, low back pain (53.9% in the past 12 months and shoulder pain (70.9% in the past month were the most often reported pain regions. A higher prevalence of multiple and disabling MSP and sickness absence were reported by CGs, compared to other occupation groups (p 0.05) Correlation analysis showed positive relationships between job related risk factors, like repetitive movements, physical load, and time demands, and MSPs and sick leave, especially among CGs (p 0.05) Job specific factors need more attention to prevent multiple and disabling pain and sick leave among office and hospital workers.