nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Ready for a Handbook? Cognitive Literary Studies on a Threshold [Lisa Zunshine (ed. The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Literary Studies, 2015.

Maybe the cover image tells us more about the Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Literary Studies than intended. Georges de la Tour's Le Tricheur a l'as de carreau is a painting in the wake of Caravaggio showing the three major temptations according to 17th century moral standards: gambling, wine, and lust. If one assumes that literature is a kind of gambling, cheating, and a dangerous lust in itself, the choice of cover makes sense. If not, then it's more or less a stopgap solution. It is not (yet) an independent area of research like cognitive linguistics has become. Besides that, the term >cognitive< is in literary criticism often only loosely used and one might think cognitive literary studies are just the current next turn in criticism. How could one find an image representing such a blurred area? It seems to be difficult even for a publishing house like Oxford University Press. The problem of the cover image is maybe only of anecdotal interest. However, the stopgap solution of the cover image points to the question, whether cognitive literary studies are already an area a handbook could encompass? After taking a closer look at the Oxford Handbook, the short answer is: Cognitive literary studies is still not an area in its own right, rather the Handbook presents a vivid and inspiring field of diverse and often tentative approaches, which share some common notions, practices, and concepts, one could summarise as >cognitive< With this I have jumped a long way ahead. Let's start from the beginning.
Teaching to the data collection? (Un)intended consequences of online child assessment system, "Teaching Strategies GOLD"

Drawing on a qualitative case study of four Head Start sites, this article analyzes a number of governing patterns that have emerged and grown in the field of early childhood education and care in the United States. This article specifically highlights a government's enhanced oversight and management of Head Start programs by mandating a school readiness data system in their local programs: establishing a set of measurable school readiness goals, and collecting and analyzing ongoing child assessment data to monitor children's progress in meeting these goals. The primary focus of this article is to illustrate the experience of Head Start teachers and children with a commercial online child assessment and record keeping system called the "Teaching Strategies Gold." Research findings of this article suggest that seemingly "authentic, ongoing observational system," Teaching Strategies Gold actually extends and intensifies the techniques and effects of power operating on both children and teachers on a more minute and everyday level. It (re)shapes the conditions of work and constructs new norms for teachers themselves as "ongoing" assessors/observers. Pressure to "collect" all the required observational evidence that would also determine children's progress toward the next higher level has dramatically changed the nature of free play and small group activities into more "functional," "hierarchical," and "analytical" space.
Pre immune state induced by chicken interferon gamma inhibits the replication of H1N1 human and H9N2 avian influenza viruses in chicken embryo fibroblasts
Venue: Virology Journal

BackgroundInterferon gamma (IFN g) an immunoregulatory cytokine, is known to control many microbial infections. In a previous study, chicken interferon gamma (chIFN g) was found to be up regulated following avian influenza virus (AIV) infection in specific pathogen free chickens. We aimed to investigate whether the pre immune state induced by chIFN g could generate an antiviral response against influenza virus.MethodsWe generated a chIFN g expressing plasmid and transfected it into chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) and then infected the cells with human origin H1N1 or avian origin H9N2 influenza viruses. Viral titers of culture medium were evaluated in MDCK cell and the viral RNA and IFN stimulated genes (ISGs) were then quantified by real time reverse transcriptase polymerase. To further evaluate the role of the antiviral effect of chIFN g by using a backward approach, synthetic small interfering RNAs (siRNA) targeting chIFN g were used to suppress chIFN g.ResultsThe chIFN g stimulated CEFs inhibited the replication of viral RNA (vRNA) and showed a mild decrease in the infectious virus load released in the culture medium. Compared to the mock transfected control, the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of type I IFNs and IFN stimulated genes were up regulated in the cells expressing chIFN g. After treatment with the siRNA, we detected a higher expression of viral genes than that observed in the mock transfected control.ConclusionsOur results suggest that apart from the important role played by chIFN g in the antiviral state generated against influenza virus infection, the pre immune state induced by chIFN g can be helpful in mitigating the propagation of influenza virus.
Locally linear embedding preserving local neighborhood
Venue: 2016 12th International Conference on Natural Computation, Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (ICNC FSKD)

Dimensionality reduction is an important issue in information processing and has popular applications in many fields, where locally linear embedding (LLE) is widely used due to accuracy and simple to implement. However, LLE is lack of robustness, and sensitive to local structure that can't preserve neighborhood character sometimes. Instead, Laplacian eigenmaps (LE) can overcome these weaknesses. In this paper, a new dimensionality reduction algorithm, called locally linear embedding preserving neighborhood (NLLE) is proposed. It takes the advantage of LLE and LE, and can keep the intrinsic character of high dimensional data. Several experiments are employed to confirm the effectiveness and robustness of the algorithm.
French Neurologists during World War I.
Venue: Frontiers of neurology and neuroscience

The Great War accelerated the development of neurological knowledge. Many neurological signs and syndromes, as well as new nosological entities such as war psychoneuroses, were described during the conflict. The period between 1914 and 1918 was the first time in which many neurologists were concentrated in wartime neurology centres and confronted with a number of neurological patients never seen before. This concentration led to the publication of papers concerning all fields of neurological sciences, and these reports pervaded scientific journals during the conflict and the post war years. The careers of French neurologists during the war were highly varied. Some were mobilised, whilst others enlisted voluntarily. They worked as regiment physicians at the front or in wartime neurology centres at the front or at the rear. Others were academics who were already authoritative names in the field of neurology. Whilst they were too old to be officially mobilised, they nevertheless worked in their militarised neurology departments of civil hospitals. We present here the careers of a few French neurologists during the Great War, including Charles Foix (1882 1927) Rene Cruchet (1875 1959) Georges Guillain (1876 1961) Jean Lhermitte (1877 1959) Clovis Vincent (1879 1947) Gustave Roussy (1874 1948) and Paul Sollier (1861 1933)
Face To Face Proximity Estimation using Bluetooth on Smartphone

The communication of always on has tremendous implications with people to interact socially. In particular sociologists are interested in the question if such pervasive access increases or decreases face to face interaction. As face to face communication happens when people are close enough to have conversation in a convenient way. Existing approaches used such as GPS and WiFi triangulation are more complicated to find accurate proximity location and it insufficient to meet the requirements of flexibility and accuracy. Nowadays the Bluetooth which is commonly available on most modern Smartphone provides a compelling alternative for proximity estimation. In this paper, through experimental studies we demonstrate the efficiency of Bluetooth for this exact purpose. We propose a proximity estimation model to determine the distance based on the RSSI values of Bluetooth and light sensor data in different environments. We present several real world scenarios and explore Bluetooth proximity estimation on Android with respect to accuracy and power consumption. KeywordsBluetooth, RSSI, proximity estimation model, smartphones, face to face proximity
Dynamic Network Surgery for Efficient DNNs
Venue: NIPS

Deep learning has become a ubiquitous technology to improve machine intelligence. However, most of the existing deep models are structurally very complex, making them difficult to be deployed on the mobile platforms with limited computational power. In this paper, we propose a novel network compression method called dynamic network surgery, which can remarkably reduce the network complexity by making on the fly connection pruning. Unlike the previous methods which accomplish this task in a greedy way, we properly incorporate connection splicing into the whole process to avoid incorrect pruning and make it as a continual network maintenance. The effectiveness of our method is proved with experiments. Without any accuracy loss, our method can efficiently compress the number of parameters in LeNet 5 and AlexNet by a factor of \bm{108}\times$ and \bm{17.7}\times$ respectively, proving that it outperforms the recent pruning method by considerable margins. Code and some models are available at this https URL.
Beliefs about wife beating among Palestinian women from Israel: The effect of their endorsement of patriarchal ideology

This study examines the influence of patriarchal ideology on women's beliefs about wife beating. A convenience sample of 701 married Palestinian women from Israel was obtained, and a self report questionnaire was administered. The findings revealed that large percentages of Palestinian women expressed some tendency to justify wife beating in certain instances. In addition, some of the participants expressed some tendency to blame battered women for violence against them, and to believe that they benefit from beating. As hypothesized, endorsing patriarchal ideology was found to influence all three beliefs about wife beating held by Palestinian women in Israel, over and above the amount of variance in the women's socio demographic characteristics (e.g. age, education, employment, place of residence, and religion) The limitations of the study as well as the implications of the results for future research are discussed.
Estimation of Skeletal Muscle Mass and Visceral Adipose Tissue Volume by a Single Magnetic Resonance Imaging Slice in Healthy Elderly Adults.
Venue: The Journal of nutrition

Assessing skeletal muscle (SM) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) by a single MRI slice at lumbar vertebra (L) 3 can replace whole body MRI in young and middle aged adults. However, this technique has not been proven in older adults.  The aim of this analysis was to reinvestigate the best estimate for SM and VAT in an independent population of healthy elderly people.  SM and VAT were assessed by whole body MRI in 84 subjects =60 y [45 men; mean SD age: 68.4 5.4 y, mean SD body mass index (in kg/m2) 25.5 3.5] SM and VAT areas of 9 slices at the lumbar spine were analyzed. The best estimate was investigated by Pearson correlations. Total volumes (in liters) were predicted by the area at lumbar vertebra 3 (AL3) Besides Bland Altman analysis, linear regressions were performed to explain the variance of the bias by age, height, and percentage of fat mass %FM) In a mixed population (healthy elderly plus reference population) linear regression with total SM and VAT volume as dependent variables and AL3, age, and height as independent variables was applied.  When comparing the correlation coefficients between the tissue areas and total volumes, L3 was identified as the best estimate (r range: 0.71 0.94; all P 0.05) However, Bland Altman analysis showed a positive SM bias in men (mean SD: 1.0% 9.0% P 0.05) and a negative SM bias in women (mean SD: 3.7% 9.6% P 0.05) Contrary to SM, no significant bias was observed for VAT. In the elderly, stepwise linear regression showed height as a predictor for SM bias (R2 0.21, SEE 2.07 L; P 0.05) and %FM and age as predictors of the nonsignificant VAT bias (R2 0.26, SEE 0.22L, P 0.05) in men only. In the mixed population, AL3 and height were predictors for total SM, and AL3 for total VAT, independent of sex.  AL3 was confirmed as the best estimate for SM and VAT volumes in healthy elderly adults. Contrary to VAT, there is a bias for SM, and height has to be added to the algorithm.
Verifying Existence of Resource Bounded Coalition Uniform Strategies
Venue: IJCAI

We consider the problem of whether a coalition of agents has a knowledge based strategy to ensure some outcome under a resource bound. We extend previous work on verification of multi agent systems where actions of agents produce and consume resources, by adding epistemic pre and postconditions to actions. This allows us to model scenarios where agents perform both actions which change the world, and actions which change their knowledge about the world, such as observation and communication. To avoid logical omniscience and obtain a compact model of the system, our model of agents' knowledge is syntactic. We define a class of coalition uniform strategies with respect to any (decidable) notion of coalition knowledge. We show that the model checking problem for the resulting logic is decidable for any notion of coalition uniform strategies in these classes.
Graphical Hedonic Games of Bounded Treewidth
Venue: AAAI

Hedonic games are a well studied model of coalition formation, in which selfish agents are partitioned into disjoint sets and agents care about the make up of the coalition they end up in. The computational problems of finding stable, optimal, or fair outcomes tend to be computationally intractable in even severely restricted instances of hedonic games. We introduce the notion of a graphical hedonic game and show that, in contrast, on classes of graphical hedonic games whose underlying graphs are of bounded treewidth and degree, such problems become easy. In particular, problems that can be specified through quantification over agents, coalitions, and (connected) partitions can be decided in linear time. The proof is by reduction to monadic second order logic. We also provide faster algorithms in special cases, and show that the extra condition of the degree bound cannot be dropped. Finally, we note that the problem of allocating indivisible goods can be modelled as a hedonic game, so that our results imply tractability of finding fair and efficient allocations on appropriately restricted instances.
Fabrication and Machining of Metal Matrix Composites: A Review

Intrinsically smart, metal matrix composites (MMCs) are lightweight and high performance materials having ever expanding industrial applications. The structural and the functional properties of these materials can be altered as per the industrial demands. The process technologies indulged in fabrication and machining of these materials attract the researchers and industrial community. Hybrid electric discharge machining is a promising and the most reliable nonconventional machining process for MMCs. It exhibits higher competence for machining complex shapes with greater accuracy. This paper presents an up to date review of progress and benefits of different routes for fabrication and machining of composites. It reports certain practical analysis and research findings including various issues on fabrication and machining of MMCs. It is concluded that polycrystalline tools and diamond coated tools are best suitable for various conventional machining operations. High speed, small depth of cut and low feed rate are a key to better finish. In addition, hybrid electrical discharge machining has proved to be an active research area in critical as well as nonconventional machining since last few years. This paper incorporates year wise research work done in fabrication, conventional machining, nonconventional machining, and hybrid machining of MMCs. Conclusions and future scope are addressed in the last section of the paper.
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND SERVICE QUALITY IN AUTOMOBILE SERVICE SECTOR: REVIEW OF LITERATURE

The study of Customer satisfaction has received an extensive attention in the management literature since the inception of the subject itself. The basis of these studies lies in the fact that the satisfaction of the customer is the basic essence for which the business and its profits exist. This paper outlines various literary works being conducted in the area of customer satisfaction in general and customer satisfaction in automobile service sector in particular. The literary works primarily are classified on the basis of customer, customer satisfaction; works which integrates customer satisfaction into automobile service sector, service quality, etc.
The Young in the Kirchnerist Age (Argentina. 2007 2015) Political Payoff or Transformation Tool?

The objective of this text (which also involves a working hypothesis) is to contribute elements intended to analyze social policies as political and institutional resources which can add to the building of a presidential leadership. Taking this as a starting point, social policies designed for the youngaEUR"which were especially fostered and financed during Cristina FernAindez de KirchneraEUR(tm)s second term of officeaEUR"are analyzed as elements that may have helped to build a political leadership. However, it is also appropriate to consider the presidency of NA(c)stor Kirchner (2003 2007) in order to gain a better understanding of such a construction, since this is the point where the political institutional scaffolding that propelled that leadership lies. With regard to social interventions of the young, different studies conducted across Argentina have highlighted the increase of social participation and citizenship building. Those studies provide some hints in relation to the question raised when considering such interventions as political and institutional resources: are the young a political payoff or a transformation tool?
Treasure Island Mobility Management: Congestion Toll Policies to Support a New, Comprehensive Transportation System for a Redevelopment Area

California State Assembly Bill 981, the Treasure Island Transportation Management Act of 2008, authorized a congestion toll as a component of a comprehensive, multimodal transportation plan to serve the redeveloped Island of Treasure Island in San Francisco. Adopted transportation plans to support the Island's redevelopment calls for a comprehensive, integrated program to manage travel demand on the Island as it develops. This innovative approach to mobility includes a complimentary package of strategies and services including required purchase of transit vouchers by residents, parking fees, and a multimodal congestion pricing program that applies motorist user fees to support enhanced and new bus, ferry, and shuttle transit, as well as bicycle sharing, to reduce the traffic impacts of the project. The transportation system must meet long term transportation system performance and financial sustainability goals. This paper describes an analysis of alternative congestion toll policies, and identifies the congestion toll policies that are recommended to achieve the long term goals of the mobility management program. The analysis is based on travel demand forecasting, financial modeling, and stakeholder input. The key finding on both technical fronts is that is that a broad based but low level toll is most capable of achieving goals. The key finding on political feasibility is that affordability for low income households and must be a key consideration. With respect to the former, the authors find that the most effective way for a transportation management agency to aid in reducing out of pocket transportation spending among low income households is to enable car shedding. To that end, they recommend a multimodal transit discount program that includes, among other elements, a program to accrue toll credits by taking transit. This paper provides insight to practitioners into the role of a congestion toll in achieving transportation system performance goals and in meeting transportation funding needs.
The Racial Invariance Thesis Revisited

The racial/ethnic invariance thesis is a foundational assumption of the general theories of crime. It assumes that all persons, regardless of their racial/ethnic background, engage in problematic behaviors for the same reasons. This thesis allows general theories to be generalizable and, for the most part, has received empirical and theoretical support. Yet, recent research and new theoretical developments question the validity of the racial/ethnic invariance thesis, breathing new life into the debate over whether the factors that influence African American youths' problematic behaviors are similar to those that influence the behaviors of other youths. Drawing on data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods Longitudinal Cohort Study (PHDCN LCS) our results question the validity of the invariance thesis by showing that the impact of perceived discrimination by the police has a stronger influence on African American youths' externalizing problems than it does for other youths.
Thesis Supervisors as Literacy Brokers in Brazil
Venue: Publ.

In Brazil, as in much of the academic world, there is an increasing acknowledgement among scholars that their chances of having their research noticed by a geographically diverse scientific community increase when that research is communicated in English. At the same time, much like the majority of the world, the first language of Brazil is not English, which raises one question that heretofore has not been addressed in the context of that country: How do Brazilian scholars write their research articles in English? That question drove the initial phase of the exploratory study described in the present paper, and it is one that also led the authors to discover that one key agent in the publishing process in Brazilian academia is the dissertation/thesis supervisor. Questionnaire and interview data collected from students and supervisors at a Brazilian university suggest that student and lecturer alike see the need and value of specialized writing guidance, yet neither party seems to ascribe the role of "literacy broker" (a person who contributes to the development of a text intended for publication) to the thesis supervisor in any specific way. Pedagogical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI KARBOKSIL METIL SELULOSA (CMC) TERHADAP MUTU SIRUP JAMBU METE (Anacardium occidentale L.

Effect of Carboxy Methyl Cellulosa Concentration on The Quality of Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L Syrup The stored cashew syrup to plait stiffly deposit and the quality declined. Onecare for prevent this problem to use stabilize material carboxy methyl cellulosa. The experiment was carried out at Village Ekoae, Ende, East Nusa Tenggara since October to November 2004. The objective of the research to find out the best concentration of carboxy methyl cellulosa for the best quality of cashew syrup. This research was laid out a completely randomized design by using four (4) treatments and four (4) repli cations. The following treatments were use (1) control (no carboxy methyl cellulosa) (2) 0.50% carboxy methyl cellulosa, (3) 1.00% carboxy methyl cellulosa, and (4) 1.50% carboxy methyl cellulosa. The results showed that the use of car boxy methyl cellulosa with difference concentra tion had significant effects on observed variable at the stored cashew syrup as long as six week. Carboxy methyl cellulose with 1.50% concen tration was give the best results and were highest score for pH namely 5.8; with 8.06 mg/100 g of vitamin C and 88.86% of stability.