nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Stochastic Geometry Modeling and System Level Analysis of Uplink Heterogeneous Cellular Networks With Multi Antenna Base Stations
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Communications

In this paper, mathematical frameworks for system level analysis and design of uplink heterogeneous cellular networks with multiple antennas at the base station (BS) are introduced. Maximum ratio combining (MRC) and optimum combining (OC) at the BSs are studied and compared. A generalized cell association criterion and fractional power control scheme are considered. The locations of all tiers of BSs are modeled as points of homogeneous and independent Poisson point processes. With the aid of stochastic geometry, coverage probability and average rate are formulated in integral but mathematically and computationally tractable expressions. Based on them, performance trends for small and large scale multiple antenna BSs are discussed. Coverage and rate are shown to highly depend on several parameters, including the path loss exponent, the fractional power control compensation factor, and the maximum transmit power of the mobile terminals. The gain of OC compared with MRC is proved to increase, if a more aggressive power control is used and if the number of BS antennas increases but is finite. For the same number of BS antennas, OC is shown to reach the noise limited asymptote faster than MRC. All findings are validated via Monte Carlo simulations.
On the Number and 3D Placement of Drone Base Stations in Wireless Cellular Networks
Venue: 2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall)

Using drone base stations (drone BSs) in wireless networks has started attracting attention. Drone BSs can assist the ground BSs in both capacity and coverage enhancement. One of the important problems about integrating drone BSs to cellular networks is the management of their placement to satisfy the dynamic system requirements. In this paper, we propose a method to find the positions of drone BSs in an area with different user densities using a heuristic algorithm. The goal is to find the minimum number of drone BSs and their 3D placement so that all the users are served. Our simulation results show that the proposed approach can satisfy the quality of service requirements of the network.
Pathways to Hazardous Drinking Among Racially and Socioeconomically Diverse Lesbian Women
Venue: Psychology of women quarterly

Lesbian women engage in more hazardous drinking than heterosexual women yet we know relatively little about what explains this disparity. In the present study, race, socioeconomic status (SES) minority stress, general psychological processes, and distress were examined as pathways to hazardous drinking among young (18 35 years) Black and non Hispanic White lesbian women. We used the psychological mediation framework adaptation of minority stress theory and the reserve capacity model as theoretical underpinnings of the conceptual model in the current study. Self identified lesbian participants (N 867) completed a onetime online survey that assessed race, SES, perceived sexual minority discrimination, proximal minority stress (concealment, internalized homophobia, lack of connection to lesbian community) rumination, social isolation, psychological distress, drinking to cope, and hazardous drinking. Cross sectional results demonstrated that being Black was associated with hazardous drinking via sequential mediators of rumination, psychological distress, and drinking to cope. SES was associated with hazardous drinking via sequential mediators of sexual minority discrimination, proximal minority stress, rumination, social isolation, psychological distress, and drinking to cope. Understanding these pathways can aid researchers and clinicians studying and working with lesbians who are at risk for hazardous drinking.
Minority Stress, Body Shame, and Binge Eating Among Lesbian Women

Minority stress, which includes discrimination as well as internalized negative attitudes, is an important factor associated with maladaptive health behaviors such as binge eating among sexual minority individuals. In addition, body shame and social anxiety are robust predictors of binge eating. We examined social anxiety and body shame as sequential mediators of the association between minority stress and binge eating among young adult lesbian women. We hypothesized that social anxiety would be a key factor linking minority stress to body shame and binge eating. Self identified lesbian women (N 496) completed online measures of minority stress, social anxiety, body shame, and binge eating. Structural equation modeling supported the hypothesized model. Discrimination and proximal sexual minority stress were associated with increased social anxiety. In turn, social anxiety was associated with more body shame, and body shame was related to binge eating. Results suggest the oppressive social environments created by the experience of minority stress may have adverse consequences for lesbian women's body satisfaction and eating behaviors. Interventions that bolster coping with sexual minority stress and focus on reducing social anxiety, in addition to targeting eating behavior directly, may be particularly useful for lesbian women with eating disorders or binge eating. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ's website at http:/pwq.sagepub.com/supplemental
Comparison of a RANS blade element model for tidal turbine arrays with laboratory scale measurements of wake velocity and rotor thrust

A Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) model has been compared with laboratory scale measurements of the loading and wake of arrays of horizontal axis three bladed rotors. The diameter D of each rotor was 0.27 m and axis was at mid depth in a channel of depth 1.67 D and width 11.5 D Mean flow speed was 0.46 m/s, giving a Reynolds number of 2 x 10 5 with turbulence intensity of 12% The commercial software StarCCM+ is employed. Steady flow is modelled and each rotor represented by imposing radial variation of streamwise force on the rotor defined by a blade element method. When experimental values of turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rate are defined at the model inflow, the transverse profile of depth averaged velocity of a single rotor wake is predicted reasonably for downstream distances greater than 4 D Within 0.5 D to 2 D downstream of the rotor plane the wake is approximately axisymmetric and both streamwise velocity and wake rotation are reasonably well predicted for radii greater than half the rotor radius. Inclusion of tip generated turbulent kinetic energy as predicted by blade resolved RANS CFD improves predictions of streamwise velocity and wake rotation within 4 D downstream. For a single row of rotors partially spanning the channel the increase of thrust coefficient relative to an isolated rotor due to global and local blockage is predicted, but the overall magnitude of thrust is overpredicted. Downstream of a single row the velocity deficit along the axis of each rotor is closely predicted while the deficit between adjacent wakes is underpredicted until approximately 8 D downstream. For a second row of rotors located at 8 D downstream the square of the rotor averaged velocity, indicative of thrust, is predicted to within 3% and 12% respectively for rotor axes aligned and staggered relative to those on the front row. For these downstream rotor positions similar accuracy may be obtained by superposition of the self similar velocity deficit profile of isolated rotor wakes only. For multiple rows, thrust on the front row of rotors is increased relative to the same row in isolation. Rotors on downstream rows partly exposed to the higher velocity flow bypassing the array also experience high values of thrust. For arrays of up to twelve rotors the average thrust of an individual turbine in a row is typically predicted to within 10% for the first row and 20% for the second row and within 38% for the inner rotors of the third row. The accuracy of a RANS blade element method using commercially available software has thus been assessed for the complex wake flows of arrays of up to twelve three bladed rotors in a shallow turbulent flow.
CFD modelling of a tidal stream turbine subjected to profiled flow and surface gravity waves

This study used computational fluid dynamics to investigate the effect of waves and a velocity profile on the performance of a tidal stream turbine (TST) A full scale TST was transiently modelled operating near its maximum power point, and then subjected to waves both in and out of phase with its period of rotation. A profile was then added to one of the wave models. For this set of conditions it was found that the longer period and in phase wave had a significant effect on the power range fluctuations, with more modest variations for thrust and the average values, although this is dependent on the turbine tip speed ratio. The addition of the profile had a strong effect on the bending moment. It has been concluded that a naturally varying sea state may yield a smoothing effect in this turbine response, but that with further structural investigation it may be that some measuring and mitigation techniques are required in the event of a predominantly single long period, in phase wave.
An Optimal Gap Theorem in a Complete Strictly Pseudoconvex CR (2n+1)(2n+1) Manifold

In this paper, by applying a linear trace Li Yau Hamilton inequality for a positive (1, 1) form solution of the CR Hodge Laplace heat equation and monotonicity of the heat equation deformation, we obtain an optimal gap theorem for a complete strictly pseudoconvex CR (2n+1)(2n+1) manifold with nonnegative pseudohermitian bisectional curvature and vanishing torsion. We prove that if the average of the Tanaka Webster scalar curvature over a ball of radius r centered at some point o decays as $o\left( r^ 2}\right) $or 2, then the manifold is flat.
Smart Contracts: The Ultimate Guide To Blockchain Smart Contracts Learn How To Use Smart Contracts For Cryptocurrency Exchange!

Smart Contracts The Ultimate Guide To Blockchain Smart Contracts Learn How To Use Smart Contracts For Cryptocurrency Exchange! The basic concept behind a smart contract is that you can use a piece of computer code to provide a response depending upon the answer to an initial question. For example, if you wish to withdraw funds from you bank you would start with a visit to the cash machine. The cash machine asks itself if there are funds available in your account and, if the answer is yes dispatches your money; if it is no then you will not receive any funds. This simple question and answer is a smart contract; the computer is programmed to complete the exercise every time it is needed to; the remainder of the time it is simply dormant in its files waiting to be used. Unfortunately, it is not possible to change the code; whether it operating properly or not. This can give rise to issues if the code can be disrupted during is verification process. Although there are plenty of reasons why smart contracts are not yet mainstream items; there is every indication that they will be in the near future. Here is a preview of what you'll learn:What a smart contract actually isBlock chains and their relation to smart contractsCrypto Currency Exchange and its connection to smart contracts and block chains
Estuarine fouling communities are dominated by nonindigenous species in the presence of an invasive crab
Venue: Biological Invasions

Interactions between anthropogenic disturbances and introduced and native species can shift ecological communities, potentially leading to the successful establishment of additional invaders. Since its discovery in New Jersey in 1988, the Asian shore crab (Hemigrapsus sanguineus) has continued to expand its range, invading estuarine and coastal habitats in eastern North America. In estuarine environments, H.sanguineus occupies similar habitats to native, panopeid mud crabs. These crabs, and a variety of fouling organisms (both NIS and native) often inhabit man made substrates (like piers and riprap) and anthropogenic debris. In a series of in situ experiments at a closed dock in southwestern Long Island (New York, USA) we documented the impacts of these native and introduced crabs on hard substrate fouling communities. We found that while the presence of native mud crabs did not significantly influence the succession of fouling communities compared to caged and uncaged controls, the presence of introduced H. sanguineus reduced the biomass of native tunicates (particularly Molgulamanhattensis) relative to caged controls. Moreover, the presence of H. sanguineus favored fouling communities dominated by introduced tunicates (especially Botrylloides violaceous and Diplosoma listerianum) Altogether, our results suggest that H. sanguineus could help facilitate introduced fouling tunicates in the region, particularly in locations where additional solid substrates have created novel habitats.
An implementation and evaluation of the MPI 3.0 one sided communication interface
Venue: Concurr. Comput. Pract. Exp.

The Message Passing Interface (MPI) 3.0 standard includes a significant revision to MPI's remote memory access (RMA) interface, which provides support for one sided communication. MPI 3 RMA is expected to greatly enhance the usability and performance of MPI RMA. We present the first complete implementation of MPI 3 RMA and document implementation techniques and performance optimization opportunities enabled by the new interface. Our implementation targets messaging based networks and is publicly available in the latest release of the MPICH MPI implementation. Using this implementation, we explore the performance impact of new MPI 3 functionality and semantics. Results indicate that the MPI 3 RMA interface provides significant advantages over the MPI 2 interface by enabling increased communication concurrency through relaxed semantics in the interface and additional routines that provide new window types, synchronization modes, and atomic operations.
Reproducible MPI Benchmarking is Still Not as Easy as You Think
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems

The Message Passing Interface (MPI) is the prevalent programming model used on today's supercomputers. Therefore, MPI library developers are looking for the best possible performance (shortest run time) of individual MPI functions across many different supercomputer architectures. Several MPI benchmark suites have been developed to assess the performance of MPI implementations. Unfortunately, the outcome of these benchmarks is often neither reproducible nor statistically sound. To overcome these issues, we show which experimental factors have an impact on the run time of blocking collective MPI operations and how to measure their effect. Finally, we present a new experimental method that allows us to obtain reproducible and statistically sound measurements of MPI functions.
On the feasibility of character n grams pseudo translation for Cross Language Information Retrieval tasks
Venue: Comput. Speech Lang.

HighlightsWe analyze the use of character n grams both as indexing and translation units for CLIR tasks.We study their effective application and consistency across languages.We use an algorithm of our own for parallel text alignment at the subword level.Tests were performed for seven languages, with English as the target language.Results confirm their feasibility and consistency, that their validity is not tied to a given implementation, and a remarkable robustness. The field of Cross Language Information Retrieval relates techniques close to both the Machine Translation and Information Retrieval fields, although in a context involving characteristics of its own. The present study looks to widen our knowledge about the effectiveness and applicability to that field of non classical translation mechanisms that work at character n gram level. For the purpose of this study, an n gram based system of this type has been developed. This system requires only a bilingual machine readable dictionary of n grams, automatically generated from parallel corpora, which serves to translate queries previously n grammed in the source language. n Gramming is then used as an approximate string matching technique to perform monolingual text retrieval on the set of n grammed documents in the target language.The tests for this work have been performed on CLEF collections for seven European languages, taking English as the target language. After an initial tuning phase in order to analyze the most effective way for its application, the results obtained, close to the upper baseline, not only confirm the consistency across languages of this kind of character n gram based approaches, but also constitute a further proof of their validity and applicability, these not being tied to a given implementation.
Assessment of health and safety management on construction sites in Kenya: a case of construction projects in Nairobi County

The construction industry is an important part of the economy in many countries and is often seen as a driver of economic growth especially in developing countries. Owing to its relatively labour intensive nature, construction works provide opportunities for employment for a wide range of people skilled, semi skilled and unskilled. Despite its importance, construction industries are considered risky with frequent accidents rates and ill health problems to workers, practitioners and end users. However, knowledge on how health and safety risks are managed on public construction sites in Kenya is limited. This study therefore, aims to find out the current practice of health and safety management on public construction sites in Nairobi County, Kenya, A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in randomly selected public construction sites. Questionnaires were used for collection of qualitative and quantitative data from contractors and workers on public construction sites. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis. The study concludes that the most common cause of injuries is tools and equipments, slips and over extortion respectively, with fire explosion and electricity and transport trailing the list, the management teams were commitment toward implementing the safety measures. Training influences the implementation health and safety measures
Prediction model of band gap for inorganic compounds by combination of density functional theory calculations and machine learning techniques

Machine learning techniques are applied to make prediction models of the {G}_{0}{W}_{0} band gaps for 270 inorganic compounds using Kohn Sham (KS) band gaps, cohesive energy, crystalline volume per atom, and other fundamental information of constituent elements as predictors. Ordinary least squares regression (OLSR) least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and nonlinear support vector regression (SVR) methods are applied with two levels of predictor sets. When the KS band gap by generalized gradient approximation of Perdew Burke Ernzerhof (PBE) or modified Becke Johnson (mBJ) is used as a single predictor, the OLSR model predicts the {G}_{0}{W}_{0} band gap of randomly selected test data with the root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.59 eV. When KS band gap by PBE and mBJ methods are used together with a set of predictors representing constituent elements and compounds, the RMSE decreases significantly. The best model by SVR yields the RMSE of 0.24 eV. Band gaps estimated in this way should be useful as predictors for virtual screening of a large set of materials.
Trade Deficit in Egypt: Is It Can Be Controlled?

This study empirically estimates the critical parameters of trade deficit in EgyptA for the period 1970 2014 by using dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS)A approach of Stock and Watson (1993) The analysis is based on time series fromA 1970 to 2014. Time series properties of the processes that generate the data beA assessed to specify the order of integration for each series to satisfy the conditionsA of applying the DOLS procedure. Our estimation results show that all variablesA have its theoretical expected sign, which confirm that there exists a positive andA significant relationship among the trade deficit in Egypt and real income, relativeA domestic prices to foreign prices, International reserves. On the other hand, thereA is a negative and significant relationship between trade deficit and real effectiveA exchange rate.
Efficacy and safety of quetiapine extended release monotherapy in bipolar depression: a multi center, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial
Venue: Psychopharmacology

RationaleQuetiapine extended release (XR) has been used to treat various psychiatric disorders, including depressive episodes associated with bipolar I and II disorders. Quetiapine XR is the first approved drug in China for the treatment of bipolar disorder.ObjectivesThe study evaluated the efficacy and safety of short term quetiapine XR monotherapy in the treatment of depressive episodes of bipolar I and II disorders.MethodsThis was an 8 week multi center, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, fixed dose phase 3 study. The primary endpoint was the mean change of the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total score. Secondary endpoints included Clinical Global Impressions Bipolar (CGI BP) and remission rates.ResultsThe study recruited 279 adult bipolar I or II patients currently experiencing depression from 11 Chinese provinces. Of these, 139 received quetiapine XR (300 mg/day) and 140 received placebo for 8 weeks. The mean change in the MADRS total score was significantly greater in the quetiapine XR group than in the placebo group 19.00 7.88 vs. 16.20 9.32; p 0.004) Adverse events occurred in 96 patients (65.3 in the quetiapine XR group and 72 (49.0 in the placebo group. The incidence of serious adverse events did not differ significantly between the groups (p 0.247).ConclusionsThis study, which is the first to evaluate 300 mg/day quetiapine XR monotherapy for depression in Chinese patients with bipolar disorders, found that this drug was superior to the placebo. Quetiapine XR was generally safe and well tolerated (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01256177)
Discrepancy between subjective and objective severity as a predictor of response to chronotherapeutics in bipolar depression.
Venue: Journal of affective disorders

Chronotherapeutic techniques (sleep deprivation and light therapy) are effective treatments for bipolar depression, but viable predictors of response for the daily clinical practice have not yet been established. The discrepancy between subjective and objective severity of the depressive syndrome has been proposed as a possible predictor of treatment outcome in depression. This study examined whether this discrepancy could predict response to chronotherapeutics in bipolar depression.  We studied 149 consecutively admitted inpatients with a major depressive episode in course of bipolar disorder. Patients were treated with the combination of repeated sleep deprivation and bright light therapy. Severity of depression was evaluated using self rated (Beck Depression Inventory: BDI) and observer rated (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale: HDRS) measures. BDI HDRS discrepancy score at baseline was calculated, and its associations with clinical response and with depressive cognitive distortions, as measured on the Cognitions Questionnaire, were examined.  Among the 147 completers, 66% responded to treatment (50% reduction of HDRS score) The response rate in patients with low discrepancy scores and in patients with high discrepancy scores were 80.2% and 48.5% respectively. High BDI HDRS discrepancy predicted negative response to treatment with odds ratio of 3.79 (95%CI: 1.61 8.93) BDI HDRS discrepancy was positively associated with depressive cognitive distortions.  Potential factors affecting the discrepancy and outcome other than cognitive distortion were not examined in this study.  Higher BDI HDRS discrepancy can predict poorer response to chronotherapeutics in bipolar depression. The tendency to generalize hopelessness may be a factor influencing the link between the discrepancy and outcome.