nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The Interplay of Al and Mg Speciation in Advanced Mg Battery Electrolyte Solutions.
Venue: Journal of the American Chemical Society

Mg batteries are an attractive alternative to Li based energy storage due to the possibility of higher volumetric capacities with the added advantage of using sustainable materials. A promising emerging electrolyte for Mg batteries is the magnesium aluminum chloride complex (MACC) which shows high Mg electrodeposition and stripping efficiencies and relatively high anodic stabilities. As prepared, MACC is inactive with respect to Mg deposition; however, efficient Mg electrodeposition can be achieved following an electrolytic conditioning process. Through the use of Raman spectroscopy, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, (27)Al and (35)Cl nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and pair distribution function analysis, we explore the active vs inactive complexes in the MACC electrolyte and demonstrate the codependence of Al and Mg speciation. These techniques report on significant changes occurring in the bulk speciation of the conditioned electrolyte relative to the as prepared solution. Analysis shows that the active Mg complex in conditioned MACC is very likely the [Mg2(m Cl)3*6THF] complex that is observed in the solid state structure. Additionally, conditioning creates free Cl( in the electrolyte solution, and we suggest the free Cl( adsorbs at the electrode surface to enhance Mg electrodeposition.
Evidence based pharmaceutical care: The next chapter in pharmacy practice
Venue: Saudi pharmaceutical journal SPJ the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society

Pharmacy is a very dynamic profession and the role of the pharmacist is improving with the expansion of the scope of services and the introduction of new subspecialties over time. Moving from being medication dispensers to outcome oriented and patient focused care providers; pharmacists will carry more responsibility and commitment to improve their knowledge and practice. Being updated and evidence based is a key tool to achieve effective pharmaceutical care services. The primary purpose of this article is to highlight the concept of "evidence based pharmaceutical care" as professional practice to improve the quality of pharmaceutical care.  Literature for relevant evidence was searched by Medline (through PubMed) Cochrane library using the keywords: pharmaceutical care, evidence based and pharmacy practice. Also a manual search through major journals for articles referenced in those located through PubMed was done.  There is strong data showing that pharmaceutical care lead to improvement in health outcomes and cost effective therapy. More efforts, policies and qualified staff are needed to establish the "evidence based pharmaceutical care" as new daily professional practice. Evidence to support pharmacists in their emerging role as care providers is available to improve the efficacy and quality of pharmaceutical care. Education and specialized training practicing evidence based approach are vital to prepare pharmacists to provide high quality pharmaceutical care.  As care providers, pharmacists are effective in providing high quality patient care and being members in multidisciplinary clinical teams is needed to give them the opportunity. Evidence based pharmaceutical care is a natural and logical emerging concept in the modern pharmacy practice to achieve high quality and more effective pharmaceutical care but still more efforts and resources are needed to promote new attitude toward more professional career.
Community Pharmacists' Perceptions about Pharmaceutical Care of Traditional Medicine Products: A Questionnaire Based Cross Sectional Study in Guangzhou, China
Venue: Evidence based complementary and alternative medicine eCAM

This study aimed to investigate community pharmacists' perceived responsibility, practice behaviors, knowledge, perceived barriers, and improvement measures towards provision of pharmaceutical care in relation to traditional medicine (TM) products in Guangzhou, China. A self completion questionnaire was used to survey licensed pharmacists working at community pharmacies. This study found that the community pharmacists in Guangzhou, China, were involved in the provision of TM products during their daily practice but only provided pharmaceutical care in this area with a passive attitude. Extrinsic barriers such as lack of scientific evidence for the safety and efficacy of TM products and unclear definition of their roles and responsibilities were highlighted while intrinsic factors such as insufficient TM knowledge were identified.
Bacterias causantes de enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos: una mirada en Colombia 2010 2013.

Las enfermedades de transmision alimentaria constituyen un grave problema de salud publica a nivel mundial, entre sus causas mas frecuentes se encuentran los patogenos bacterianos, los cuales generan desde sintomas gastrointestinales hasta complicaciones que pueden conducir a la muerte. En esta revision se describen estudios sobre deteccion de patogenos bacterianos en diferentes alimentos en Colombia publicados entre los anos 2010 a 2013, presentando informacion acerca de las caracteristicas y prevalencia de los microorganismos encontrados, alimentos implicados y caracterizacion de los aislados. La busqueda en bases de datos arrojo un total de 18 articulos referentes a cinco patogenos: Salmonella spp, Listeria monocytogenes Escherichia coli Aeromonas spp y Vibrio spp; correspondiendo la mayor parte de los estudios al genero Salmonella No se hallaron investigaciones relacionados a otras bacterias causantes de enfermedades de transmision alimentaria. Los productos analizados fueron principalmente de origen animal desde alimentos crudos como pescado y carnes hasta alimentos listos para el consumo. Esta revision evidencia que a pesar de la importancia a nivel de salud publica de detectar y caracterizar bacterias patogenas trasmitidas por alimentos existen muy pocos estudios publicados relacionados con esta tematica en el periodo revisado. Asi mismo, los trabajos se encaminaron primordialmente a la busqueda del microorganismo en el producto final y no a lo largo de la cadena productiva.
Deteccion de bacterias patogenas productoras de enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos en carne aviar.

En Argentina, el sector avicola ha incrementado la produccion de carne gracias a las transformaciones tecnologicas y a la mejora en la eficiencia productiva. La apertura de los mercados influyo en la reduccion de los costos de produccion, lo que disminuyo el precio provocando un aumento en el consumo. Este crecimiento en el mercado, genero interes en comercios de diferentes rubros a comercializar pollo entero y sus subproductos, sin el correcto cumplimiento de las Buenas Practicas de Manufactura (BPM) en muchos de los casos. La falta de control a lo largo de toda la cadena alimentaria de un producto, puede acarrear consecuencias a nivel poblacional a traves de las Enfermedades Transmisibles por Alimentos (ETA) La correcta aplicacion de las BPM no solo garantiza la seguridad sanitaria de los alimentos, sino que ademas, permite resguardar su calidad nutricional, asegurando a la poblacion una alimentacion de calidad inocua y nutritiva. Para realizar este estudio se tomaron muestras provenientes de establecimientos expendedores exclusivos de carne aviar, y de establecimientos mixtos (carnicerias) Se analizo y detecto la presencia de Salmonella spp. Staphylococcus aureus coagulasa positivo y Escherichia coli a traves de tecnicas de cultivo in vitro, y por PCR real time se realizo la deteccion de Escherichia coli O157, y la presencia del gen que codifica la produccion de la toxina Stx2. La informacion obtenida a partir de este trabajo final, demuestra la urgencia de divulgar y capacitar a la comunidad en general y a los manipuladores en particular, aportando estrategias de prevencion y control con el fin de evitar el desarrollo de las ETA.
Compressed sensing reconstruction of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI using GPU accelerated convolutional sparse coding
Venue: 2016 IEEE 13th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI)

In this paper, we propose a data driven image reconstruction algorithm that specifically aims to reconstruct undersampled dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI data. The proposed method is based on the convolutional sparse coding algorithm, which leverages the Fourier convolution theorem to accelerate the process of learning a collections of filters and iteratively refines the reconstruction result using the sparse codes found during the reconstruction process. We introduce a novel energy formation based on the learning over time varing DCE MRI images, and propose an extension of Alternating Direction Method of Multiplier (ADMM) method to solve the constrained optimization problem efficiently using the GPU. We assess the performance of the proposed method by comparing with the state of the art dictionary based compressed sensing (CS) MRI method.
Compressed Sensing Dynamic MRI Reconstruction Using GPU accelerated 3D Convolutional Sparse Coding
Venue: MICCAI

In this paper, we introduce a fast alternating method for reconstructing highly undersampled dynamic MRI data using 3D convolutional sparse coding. The proposed solution leverages Fourier Convolution Theorem to accelerate the process of learning a set of 3D filters and iteratively refine the MRI reconstruction based on the sparse codes found subsequently. In contrast to conventional CS methods which exploit the sparsity by applying universal transforms such as wavelet and total variation, our approach extracts and adapts the temporal information directly from the MRI data using compact shift invariant 3D filters. We provide a highly parallel algorithm with GPU support for efficient computation, and therefore, the reconstruction outperforms CPU implementation of the state of the art dictionary learning based approaches by up to two orders of magnitude.
Influence of transvaginal ultrasound guided follicular punctures in the mare on heart rate, respiratory rate, facial expression changes, and salivary cortisol as pain scoring.
Venue: Theriogenology

Transvaginal ultrasound guided follicular punctures are widely used in the mare for diagnosis, research, and commercial applications. The objective of our study was to determine their influence on pain, stress, and well being in the mare, by evaluating heart rate, breath rate, facial expression changes, and salivary cortisol before, during, and after puncture. For this experiment, 21 pony mares were used. Transvaginal ultrasound guided aspirations were performed on 11 mares. After injections for sedation, analgesia, and antispasmodia, the follicles from both ovaries were aspirated with a needle introduced through the vagina wall into the ovary. In the control group, 10 mares underwent similar treatments and injections, but no follicular aspiration. Along the session, heart rate and breath rate were evaluated by a trained veterinarian, ears position, eyelid closure, and contraction of facial muscles were evaluated, and salivary samples were taken for evaluation of cortisol concentration. A significant relaxation was observed after sedative injection in the punctured and control mares, according to ear position, eyelid closure, and contraction of facial muscles, but no difference between punctured and control animals was recorded. No significant modification of salivary cortisol concentration during puncture and no difference between punctured and control mares at any time were observed. No significant modification of the breath rate was observed along the procedure for the punctured and the control mares. Heart rate increased significantly but transiently when the needle was introduced in the ovary and was significantly higher at that time for the punctured mares than that for control mares. None of the other investigated parameters were affected at that time, suggesting discomfort is minimal and transient. Improving analgesia, e.g. through a multimodal approach, during that possibly more sensitive step could be recommended. The evaluation of facial expression changes and heart rate is easy to use and accurate tools to evaluate pain and well being of the mare.
Hematological and Serum Biochemical Abnormalities Associated with a Suspected Case of Genital Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Gray Nigerian Mare

An 18 year old gray mare (a crossbred Nigerian horse) was observed to have a proliferative tissue growth with multiple necrotic areas, which was suspected to be a genital squamous cell carcinoma. The mucous membrane of the eyes and gingiva of the mare were pale, and the animal was dull and insensitive, had an abnormal posture and gait, with conspicuous protruding proliferative tissue mass around the vagina and vulva. Blood samples for hematology analysis and serum biochemistry were collected from the jugular vein and determinations followed standard procedures. Hematological examination revealed that the mare had macrocytic anaemia, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, monocytosis, higher than normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Serum biochemical assays showed that serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were slightly lower than normal. High serum alkaline phosphatase activity was recorded, with high serum total protein level that was mainly due to high serum globulin level. The mare also had a lower than normal total cholesterol. High serum creatinine level was observed. These hematological and serum biochemical findings are commonly associated with genital squamous cell carcinomas in animals and humans.
Leveraging percolation theory to single out influential spreaders in networks
Venue: Physical review. E

Among the consequences of the disordered interaction topology underlying many social, technological, and biological systems, a particularly important one is that some nodes, just because of their position in the network, may have a disproportionate effect on dynamical processes mediated by the complex interaction pattern. For example, the early adoption of a commercial product by an opinion leader in a social network may change its fate or just a few superspreaders may determine the virality of a meme in social media. Despite many recent efforts, the formulation of an accurate method to optimally identify influential nodes in complex network topologies remains an unsolved challenge. Here, we present the exact solution of the problem for the specific, but highly relevant, case of the susceptible infected removed (SIR) model for epidemic spreading at criticality. By exploiting the mapping between bond percolation and the static properties of the SIR model, we prove that the recently introduced nonbacktracking centrality is the optimal criterion for the identification of influential spreaders in locally tree like networks at criticality. By means of simulations on synthetic networks and on a very extensive set of real world networks, we show that the nonbacktracking centrality is a highly reliable metric to identify top influential spreaders also in generic graphs not embedded in space and for noncritical spreading.
Computer Vision Based Portable System for Nitroaromatics Discrimination
Venue: J. Sensors

A computer vision based portable measurement system is presented in this report. The system is based on a compact reader unit composed of a microcamera and a Raspberry Pi board as control unit. This reader can acquire and process images of a sensor array formed by four nonselective sensing chemistries. Processing these array images it is possible to identify and quantify eight different nitroaromatic compounds (both explosives and related compounds) by using chromatic coordinates of a color space. The system is also capable of sending the obtained information after the processing by a WiFi link to a smartphone in order to present the analysis result to the final user. The identification and quantification algorithm programmed in the Raspberry board is easy and quick enough to allow real time analysis. Nitroaromatic compounds analyzed in the range of mg/L were picric acid, 2,4 dinitrotoluene (2,4 DNT) 1,3 dinitrobenzene (1,3 DNB) 3,5 dinitrobenzonitrile (3,5 DNBN) 2 chloro 3,5 dinitrobenzotrifluoride (2 C 3,5 DNBF) 1,3,5 trinitrobenzene (TNB) 2,4,6 trinitrotoluene (TNT) and tetryl (TT)
Pakistani ESL Student's Attitude towards English Language Grammar: A Case Study of University of Education Lahore

Over the years incorporating communicative competence has become the focus of English language teaching which emphasizes more on speaking skills than grammatical skills. In this perspective, this paper intends to investigate Pakistani student's attitude towards English language grammar. For this purpose 100 students studying Functional English I and Functional English II courses in BS programs at University of Education Multan Campus were randomly selected as a sample and a questionnaire consisting of 15 items was used to get their responses in order to study their attitude towards English grammar. The analysis of the data shows that majority of students like to learn the rules of grammar as they consider it important to learn grammar in order to communicate effectively in English language and view it as a basic skill to develop language proficiency. Moreover they are more interested to learn grammar deductively than by the inductive methods. The results of the study show that students have a positive attitude towards grammar.  Communicative competence, grammar, attitude, ESL learners
Recent Advances in the Fabrication and Application of Screen Printed Electrochemical (Bio)Sensors Based on Carbon Materials for Biomedical, Agri Food and Environmental Analyses
Venue: Biosensors

This review describes recent advances in the fabrication of electrochemical (bio)sensors based on screen printing technology involving carbon materials and their application in biomedical, agri food and environmental analyses. It will focus on the various strategies employed in the fabrication of screen printed (bio)sensors, together with their performance characteristics; the application of these devices for the measurement of selected naturally occurring biomolecules, environmental pollutants and toxins will be discussed.
Bio(Sensing) devices based on ferrocene functionalized graphene and carbon nanotubes

Both carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene are important pillars in the ongoing efforts to devise new applications in nanotechnology. One of their most promising applications is building devices such as sensors and biosensors, which is important step for the development of personalized medical healthcare devices. Mediators are usually used and sought to modify the physicochemical properties of these materials. In this review, we highlight the importance of the functionalization of CNT and graphene derivatives with redox molecules taking ferrocene derivatives as a model molecule. The employed techniques during (bio)sensing measurements using various functionalization strategies are also described. In addition, we discuss various aspects related to the applications of ferrocene modified CNTs and graphene in electrochemical sensors and biosensors with a focus on the explanation of both CNTs/graphene and ferrocene contributions in the catalytic systems, which in turn enhance the analytical performance of the (bio)sensing devices.
50th Anniversary Invited Article Autonomous Vehicles and Connected Vehicle Systems: Flow and Operations Considerations
Venue: Transp. Sci.

The impacts of autonomous vehicles, coupled with greater inter vehicle and system connectivity, may be far reaching on several levels. They entail changes to (1) the demand and behavior side, (2) the supply of mobility services, and (3) network and facility operational performance. We focus here on their impact on traffic flow and operations, especially in mixed traffic situations in which autonomous vehicles share the road with regular, human driven vehicles, along with connected vehicles that may also have some automated functions. These mixed traffic situations correspond to likely deployment scenarios of the technologies, especially in the long transition towards 100% deployment. We explain using elementary traffic science concepts how autonomous vehicles and connected vehicles are expected to increase the throughput of highway facilities, as well as improve the stability of the traffic stream. A microsimulation framework featuring varying behavioral mechanisms for the three classes of vehicles is introduced. The framework is used to examine the throughput and stability questions through a series of experiments under varying market penetration rates of autonomous and/or connected vehicles; at low market shares, the impacts are relatively minor on either throughput or stability. However, as market shares increase, autonomous vehicles exert a greater influence on both dimensions compared to the same shares of connected vehicles. Applications of the framework to examine the effectiveness of selected traffic management approaches are discussed, including dedicated lanes for autonomous vehicles (good only if its use is optional and when the market share of autonomous vehicles is greater than the percentage of nominal capacity represented by that lane) and speed harmonization.
Ultrafast relaxation dynamics in BiFeO3/YBa2Cu3O7 bilayers

The temperature dependence of the relaxation dynamics in the bilayer thin film heterostructure composed of multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO) and superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) grown on (001) SrTiO3 substrate is studied by time resolved pump probe technique, and compared with that of pure YBCO thin film grown under the same growth conditions. The superconductivity of YBCO is found to be retained in the heterostructure. We observe a speeding up of the YBCO recombination dynamics in the superconducting state of the heterostructure, and attribute it to the presence of weak ferromagnetism at the BFO/YBCOinterface as observed inmagnetization data. An extension of the Rothwarf Taylor model is used to fit the ultrafast dynamics of BFO/YBCO, that models an increased quasiparticle occupation of the ferromagnetic interfacial layer in the superconducting state of YBCO.
Interfacial effects revealed by ultrafast relaxation dynamics in BiFeO$_{3}/YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{7} bilayers

The temperature dependence of the relaxation dynamics in the bilayer thin film heterostructure composed of multiferroic BiFeO$_{3} (BFO) and superconducting YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{7} (YBCO) grown on a (001) SrTiO$_{3} substrate is studied by a time resolved pump probe technique, and compared with that of pure YBCO thin film grown under the same growth conditions. The superconductivity of YBCO is found to be retained in the heterostructure. We observe a speeding up of the YBCO recombination dynamics in the superconducting state of the heterostructure, and attribute it to the presence of weak ferromagnetism at the BFO/YBCO interface as observed in magnetization data. An extension of the Rothwarf Taylor model is used to fit the ultrafast dynamics of BFO/YBCO, that models an increased quasiparticle occupation of the ferromagnetic interfacial layer in the superconducting state of YBCO.