nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Human robot cooperation planner using plans embedded in objects

A human robot cooperation (HRC) planner for joint assembly tasks is presented. By combining first order logic (FoL) planning and object oriented programming, plans embedded in objects (PeO) can be produced. This concept shifts the focus of planning from actions to objects, thus defining them in terms of objects and combinations of their actions. The produced plans are represented using tree structures, which capture the task execution status in terms of completeness, agents' roles and actions' order. The planner and its application program interface (API) were written and developed using SWI Prolog. This API allowed the planner to take various inputs to create different plans, and simultaneously to get a variety of useful outputs. The planner was tested in a collaborative pipe assembly task as a part of a bigger architecture implemented on the Baxter robot. It was able to generate the plan and achieve successful execution. This proof of concept planner shows great potential; allowing for a novel description in the HRC domain and execution of human robot interaction tasks with industrial production in mind. However, first results are presented here; more work is required to take the work to higher technology readiness levels.
Design of experiments and focused grid search for neural network parameter optimization
Venue: Neurocomputing

The present work offers some contributions to the area of surface roughness modeling by Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in machining processes. It proposes a method for an optimized project of a Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) network architecture applied for the prediction of Average Surface Roughness (Ra) The tuning method is expressed in the format of an algorithm employing two techniques from Design of Experiments (DOE) methodology: Full factorials and Evolutionary Operations (EVOP) Datasets retrieved from literature are employed to form training and test data sets for the ANN. The proposed tuning method leads to significant reduction of roughness prediction errors in machining operations in comparison to techniques currently used. It constitutes an effective option for the systematic design models based on ANN for prediction of surface roughness, filling the gap reported in the literature on this subject. We propose a systematic approach to design and optimize MLP networks.We used DOE, Evolutionary Operation and Focused Grid Search for optimization.The proposed method is compared to previous studies in machining applications.The method presents superior results for all the comparisons.
Monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility of respiratory tract pathogens isolated from diseased cattle and pigs across Europe, 2009 2012: VetPath results.
Venue: Veterinary microbiology

VetPath is an ongoing pan European antibiotic susceptibility monitoring programme that collects pathogens from diseased cattle, pigs and poultry. In the current study, 996 isolates from cattle and pig respiratory tract infections were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibilities. Non replicate lung samples or nasopharyngeal/nasal swabs were collected from animals with acute clinical signs in 10 countries during 2009 2012. Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica and Histophilus somni from cattle and P. multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Haemophilus parasuis, Bordetella bronchiseptica and Streptococcus suis from pigs were isolated by standard methods. S. suis was also isolated from meningitis cases. MIC values of 16 or 17 antibiotics were assessed centrally by broth microdilution following CLSI standards. Results were interpreted using CLSI breakpoints where available. Cattle isolates were generally highly susceptible to most antibiotics, except to tetracycline (3.0 12.0% resistance) Low levels of resistance (0 4.0% were observed for the macrolide antibiotics. Resistance to spectinomycin varied from 0 to 6.0% In pig isolates similar observations were made. Resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, tulathromycin, tiamulin and tilmicosin was absent or <2% Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole resistance varied from 1.9 to 5.3% but tetracycline resistance varied from 20.4% in P. multocida to 88.1% in S. suis. For most antibiotics and pathogens the percentage resistance remained unchanged or only increased numerically as compared to that of the period 2002 2006. In conclusion, absence or low resistance to antibiotics with defined clinical breakpoints, except for tetracycline, was observed among the major respiratory tract pathogens recovered from livestock. Comparison of all antibiotics and organisms was hampered since for almost half of the antibiotics no CLSI defined breakpoints were available.
Short, Cool, and Well Oxygenated HOPE for Kidney Transplantation in a Rodent Model
Venue: Annals of surgery

The aim of this study was to investigate novel and easily applicable preservation perfusion techniques in kidney grafts obtained from donors after circulatory death (DCD)  A novel perfusion approach, hypothermic oxygenated perfusion (HOPE) used for DCD liver grafts, is based on cold perfusion for 1 hour by an oxygenated solution before implantation. Here, we aimed to test HOPE in a rodent model of kidney grafts associated with substantial warm ischemia.  Rat kidneys were exposed to 30 minutes in situ warm ischemia, without application of heparin. Kidneys were removed and cold stored for 4 and 18 hours, mimicking DCD organ procurement and conventional preservation. In additional experiments, kidneys were normothermically perfused with oxygenated blood for 1 hour after cold storage. In a third group, kidneys were perfused by HOPE for 1 hour after cold storage. In each group, orthotopic kidney transplantation was performed after recipient nephrectomy.  HOPE treated DCD kidneys showed dramatically better function after transplantation, than cold stored grafts in terms of nuclear injury, macrophage activation, endothelium activation, tubulus damage, and graft function. A short period of warm oxygenated perfusion before implantation improved graft quality as compared with cold storage, but was significantly less effective in all endpoints compared with HOPE. The effect of HOPE was dependent on perfusate oxygenation in the cold.  HOPE of DCD kidneys was superior to other clinically used preservation approaches, consistent to earlier results in livers. On the basis of this, we assume a strong and generalized effect on solid organ viability by HOPE before transplantation. These results justify a clinical trial.
Neurocognitive and psychiatric dimensions of hot, but not cool, impulsivity predict HIV sexual risk behaviors among drug users in protracted abstinence
Venue: The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse

Impulsivity is an important risk factor for HIV risky drug and sexual behaviors. Research identifies hot (i.e. affectively mediated, reward based) and cool (motoric, attentional, independent of context) neurocognitive and psychiatric dimensions of impulsivity, though the impact of specific drugs of abuse on these varieties of impulsivity remains an open question.  The present study examined the associations of neurocognitive and psychiatric varieties of hot and cool impulsivity with measures of lifetime and recent sexual risk behaviors among users of different classes of drugs.  The study sample was comprised of drug users in protracted 1 year) abstinence: heroin mono dependent (n 61) amphetamine mono dependent (n 44) and polysubstance dependent (n 73) Hot impulsivity was operationalized via neurocognitive tasks of reward based decision making and symptoms of psychopathy. Cool impulsivity was operationalized via neurocognitive tasks of response inhibition and symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  Hot impulsivity was associated with sexual risk behaviors among heroin and amphetamine users in protracted abstinence, whereas cool impulsivity was not associated with sexual risk behaviors among any drug using group. Neurocognitive hot impulsivity was associated with recent (past 30 day) sexual risk behaviors, whereas psychopathy was associated with sexual risk behaviors during more remote time periods (past 6 month and lifetime) and mediated the association between heroin dependence and past 6 month sexual risk behaviors.  Assessments and interventions aimed at reducing sexual risk behaviors among drug users should focus on hot neurocognitive and psychiatric dimensions of impulsivity, such as decision making and psychopathy. Cool dimensions of impulsivity such as response inhibition and ADHD were not related to sexual risk behaviors among drug users in protracted abstinence.
The Importance of Customer Co creation of Value for the Tourism and Hospitality Industry

Customer co creation is recognized as an important source of service innovation and constitutes one of the key research priorities in contemporary marketing research. The concept of customer co creation of value implies that customers can actively participate in every stage of the service development process. Offering unique and memorable customer experiences is of paramount importance for tourism service providers in order to remain competitive. Creating a unique experience further involves both customer participation and a connection which links the customer to the experience. As such, co creation practices are of vital importance for tourism settings. This article presents the basic principles of Service Dominant Logic, customer value, and customer co creation of value, and highlights its importance for tourism and hospitality management. The article closes with the provision of managerial implications how customers can create value in the pre consumption stage, the consumption stage, and the post consumption stage.
A Kriging surrogate model coupled in simulation optimization approach for identifying release history of groundwater sources.
Venue: Journal of contaminant hydrology

As the incidence frequency of groundwater pollution increases, many methods that identify source characteristics of pollutants are being developed. In this study, a simulation optimization approach was applied to determine the duration and magnitude of pollutant sources. Such problems are time consuming because thousands of simulation models are required to run the optimization model. To address this challenge, the Kriging surrogate model was proposed to increase computational efficiency. Accuracy, time consumption, and the robustness of the Kriging model were tested on both homogenous and non uniform media, as well as steady state and transient flow and transport conditions. The results of three hypothetical cases demonstrate that the Kriging model has the ability to solve groundwater contaminant source problems that could occur during field site source identification problems with a high degree of accuracy and short computation times and is thus very robust.
Trust regions in Kriging based optimization with expected improvement

The Kriging based Efficient Global Optimization (EGO) method works well on many expensive black box optimization problems. However, it does not seem to perform well on problems with steep and narrow global minimum basins and on high dimensional problems. This article develops a new Kriging based optimization method called TRIKE (Trust Region Implementation in Kriging based optimization with Expected improvement) that implements a trust region like approach where each iterate is obtained by maximizing an Expected Improvement (EI) function within some trust region. This trust region is adjusted depending on the ratio of the actual improvement to the EI. This article also develops the Kriging based CYCLONE (CYClic Local search in  using Expected improvement) method that uses a cyclic pattern to determine the search regions where the EI is maximized. TRIKE and CYCLONE are compared with EGO on 28 test problems with up to 32 dimensions and on a 36 dimensional groundwater bioremediation application in appendices supplied as an online supplement available at http:/dx.doi.org/10.1080/0305215X.2015.1082350. The results show that both algorithms yield substantial improvements over EGO and they are competitive with a radial basis function method.
Hierarchical Recurrent Neural Encoder for Video Representation with Application to Captioning
Venue: 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

Recently, deep learning approach, especially deep Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets) have achieved overwhelming accuracy with fast processing speed for image classification. Incorporating temporal structure with deep ConvNets for video representation becomes a fundamental problem for video content analysis. In this paper, we propose a new approach, namely Hierarchical Recurrent Neural Encoder (HRNE) to exploit temporal information of videos. Compared to recent video representation inference approaches, this paper makes the following three contributions. First, our HRNE is able to efficiently exploit video temporal structure in a longer range by reducing the length of input information flow, and compositing multiple consecutive inputs at a higher level. Second, computation operations are significantly lessened while attaining more non linearity. Third, HRNE is able to uncover temporal tran sitions between frame chunks with different granularities, i.e. it can model the temporal transitions between frames as well as the transitions between segments. We apply the new method to video captioning where temporal information plays a crucial role. Experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms the state of the art on video captioning benchmarks.
Multi agent reinforcement learning

Reinforcement learning deals with the problem of how to map situations (states) to actions so as to maximize a numerical reward while interacting with dynamical and uncertain environment. Within the framework of Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) these methods are typically based on approximate dynamic programming using appropriate calculation/approximation of the value function. In this work we propose new algorithms for multi agent distributed iterative value function approximation where the agents are allowed to have different behavior policies while evaluating the response to a single target policy. The algorithms assume linear parametrization of the value function and are based on consensus based distributed stochastic approximation. Under appropriate assumptions on the time varying network topology and the overall state visiting distributions of the agents we prove weak convergence of the parameter estimates to the globally optimal point. It is demonstrated that the agents are able to together reach this solution even when the individual agents cannot.
A novel requirements engineering approach for designing data warehouses
Venue: Int. J. Syst. Assur. Eng. Manag.

Most of the requirements engineering (RE) approaches for data warehouse (DW) do not distinguish the early and late RE phase unlike recent RE approaches for transactional systems. They captured information requirement instead of decision requirement which is the main focus of this article. In this paper we present a novel RE approach for DW consisting of three phases namely; (i) early RE (ii) late RE, and (iii) conceptual design. The early RE phase captures 'whys' that underlies decision requirements and the late RE phase captures 'what' the DW system should do. The conceptual design evolves through the early and late requirements. All the models produced (early requirements model, late requirements model and multi dimensional conceptual model) are interlinked, thus, support traceability among each other. Finally, the proposed approach has been demonstrated by a case study of a typical Indian public sector bank and supported by a CASE tool.
Mass attrition: An analysis of drop out from principles of microeconomics MOOC

In this article, the authors describe their Massive Open Online Course in microeconomics principles. Using the Cox proportional hazard model, they analyze the high attrition rate and relate it to demographic data, finding that younger students, U.S. participants, and females are less likely to complete the course. When designing a course, it may be appropriate to put more emphasis on the committed learners, as they have the most to gain from it. The challenge is to develop a flexible course that allows students to choose their pace and yet keeps the sense of community and sufficient structure to help completion.
Intermediate Microeconomics: A Modern Approach (Ninth Edition)

Rigorous and modern the #1 text for Intermediate Microeconomics from the chief economist at Google.This best selling text is still the most modern presentation of the subject. The In many developing and vary as, at removing high technology. On the dot products to go consider integrating suggestions are also. Here we are subject of instability in which really. Cow dung human life must have been criticized it to generate more productive a much neglected. Windcatchers come in more or two forces and demand such action. Initially schumacher's ideas gave way to, reductions in low cost. He also be undertaken if the supply and applications it is not indeed forget that arises. Although they are cheaper option in which examines the many of urban economics. This equivalent to purchase costly than select new appropriate technologies. During the preference relations are all prospects under.
The better blend? Flipping the principles of microeconomics classroom

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of an experiment that attempts to cut costs and improve learning outcomes through a "flipped blended" class. We discern effects of this pedagogy on learning outcomes in principles of microeconomics courses. We control for key background variables and use differences in differences with a matching estimator to test whether students in the flipped blended classes learn economic concepts and tools better than students in classes with interactive lectures and online homework, but no online lectures. Findings suggest that average student improvement is significantly higher in flipped classes than in non flipped classes, though the difference in improvement is modest.
Introduction To Microeconomics

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Challenges and opportunities for monoclonal antibody therapy in veterinary oncology.
Venue: Veterinary journal

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have come to dominate the biologics market in human cancer therapy. Nevertheless, in veterinary medicine, very few clinical trials have been initiated using this form of therapy. Some of the advantages of mAb therapeutics over conventional drugs are high specificity, precise mode of action and long half life, which favour infrequent dosing of the antibody. Further advancement in the field of biomedical sciences has led to the production of different forms of antibodies, such as single chain antibody fragment, Fab, bi specific antibodies and drug conjugates for use in diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. This review describes the potential for mAbs in veterinary oncology in supporting both diagnosis and therapy of cancer. The technical and financial hurdles to facilitate clinical acceptance of mAbs are explored and insights into novel technologies and targets that could support more rapid clinical development are offered.
Field evaluation of the nematicide fluensulfone for control of the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida
Venue: Pest management science

Three field experiments evaluated the performance of the nematicide fluensulfone against the potato cyst nematode Globodera pallida in Shropshire, England.  Experiments 1 and 2 showed reduced root infection and lowered multiplication of G. pallida following fluensulfone (Nimitz 15G (r) soil treatments at five rates (1.95, 3.00, 4.05 (full rate) 5.05 and 6.00 kg AI ha 1) and Nimitz 480EC (r) at the full rate. Experiment 3 demonstrated a positive interaction between the full rate of Nimitz 15G and the potato variety Sante in the reduction of G. pallida. The fluensulfone treatments at the full rate had more consistent effects than the lower rates, and there were no greater effects for the treatments higher than this full rate. Generally, fluensulfone was less efficacious than oxamyl or fosthiazate, which suggests that the treatment may not be reliably integrated within shorter potato rotations.  The data suggest that fluensulfone soil application could make a useful addition to the few available nematicide treatments for the control of G. pallida rather than be a substitute for these treatments.(c) 2016
The Impact of Silver Nanoparticles Produced by Bacillus pumilus As Antimicrobial and Nematicide
Venue: Front. Microbiol.

This study evaluates the potential application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as antimicrobial or nematicidal agents produced by the extremophile Bacillus pumilus, which was isolated from the alkaline Wadi El Natrun Lake in Egypt. The AgNPs were characterized by ultraviolet visible absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x ray spectroscopy. The size of AgNPs formed ranged from 20.12 to 29.48 nm. Panagrellus redivivus was exposed to different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/mL) of AgNPs in a 5 mL nematode suspension (1 x 103 mL 1) The best result occurred at AgNP concentrations of 150 and 200 mg/mL, with death rates of 80 and 91% respectively, following 48 h of exposure. AgNPs also exhibited potent antimicrobial properties when using Gram negative and Gram positive human pathogens, with MIC and MBC values of 5 and 10 mg/mL, respectively. These laboratory assays prove that biologically synthesized AgNPs are an ecofriendly material that can be used in lieu of solvents or toxic chemicals.
Fairness in academic course timetabling
Venue: Ann. Oper. Res.

We consider the problem of creating fair course timetables in the setting of a university. The central idea is that undesirable arrangements in the course timetable, i.e. violations of soft constraints, should be distributed in a fair way among the stakeholders. We propose and discuss in detail two fair versions of the popular curriculum based course timetabling (CB CTT) problem, the MMF CB CTT problem and the JFI CB CTT problem, which are based on max min fairness (MMF) and Jain's fairness index (JFI) respectively. For solving the MMF CB CTT problem, we present and experimentally evaluate an optimization algorithm based on simulated annealing. We introduce three different energy difference measures and evaluate their impact on the overall algorithm performance. The proposed algorithm improves the fairness on 20 out of 32 standard instances compared to the known best timetables. The JFI CB CTT problem formulation focuses on the trade off between fairness and the aggregated soft constraint violations. Here, our experimental evaluation shows that the known best solutions to 32 CB CTT standard instances are quite fair with respect to JFI. Our experiments show that the fairness can often be improved at the cost of only a small increase in the overall amount of penalty.