nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Lipase catalyzed synthesis of oxidation responsive poly(ethylene glycol) b poly(b thioether ester) amphiphilic block copolymers

A series of novel oxidation responsive amphiphilic diblock copolymers with b thioether ester groups were synthesized via the one step lipase catalyzed polycondensation of methyl 3 (2 hydroxyethyl)thio)propanoate (MHETP) with monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) using immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) as the catalyst. The amphiphilic poly(ethylene glycol) b poly(b thioether ester) (mPEG b PTE) diblock copolymers could self assemble to form nanosized micelles in aqueous solution with low critical micelle concentration (CMC) The micelles were able to undergo a H2O2 triggered disassembly due to the oxidizable thioether groups and degradable ester groups in the hydrophobic PTE core. The oxidation responsive behaviour of the micelles was further investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) Nile Red, a hydrophobic model drug, was encapsulated into the polymeric micelles and showed fast release upon the addition of H2O2. Cell cytotoxicity tests indicated that the micelles had low cytotoxicity toward HeLa cells. The oxidation insensitive poly(ethylene glycol) b poly(e caprolactone) (mPEG b PCL) diblock copolymer was also prepared for comparison. All these findings demonstrated the potential of mPEG b PTE diblock copolymers as a promising oxidation responsive nanocarrier for controlled drug delivery.
Ultrasensitive fluorescent detection of trypsin on the basis of surfactant protamine assembly with tunable emission wavelength

A facile and ultrasensitive fluorometric assay for trypsin detection was successfully established on the basis of surfactant/protamine/fluorescent hydrophobic dye assemblies. The supramolecular micellar type assemblies were obtained by mixing the positively charged protein protamine as the substrate of trypsin with the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at a level lower than its critical micelle concentration (CMC) and their apolar interiors could sequester several types of the representative hydrophobic fluorescent dyes such as Nile red, pyrene, and coumarin 6. It was found that the supramolecular assemblies exhibited a high specificity towards trypsin and its stability had a significant effect on the fluorescent intensity of the sequestered dyes. The addition of trypsin into the assembly system led to the dissociation of the assemblies and the decrease of the fluorescent intensity of the dye, which was exploited for trypsin detection and inhibitor screening. A detection level down to 0.044 ng mL 1 was obtained for trypsin. Moreover, the emission wavelength and detection range could be tuned by simply varying the type of fluorescent dye.
Analysis of Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization for Warehouse with Supply Chain Management in Inventory Control

The purpose of the proposed study is to give a new dimension on warehouse with Particle Swarm Optimization and Economic Load Dispatch method using genetic algorithm processes in supply chain in inventory optimization to describe the certain and uncertain market demand which is based on supply reliability and to develop more realistic and more flexible models. we hope that the proposed study has a great potential to solve various practical tribulations related to the warehouse with Particle Swarm Optimization and Economic Load Dispatch method using genetic algorithm processes in supply chain in inventory optimization and also provide a general review for the application of soft computing techniques like genetic algorithms to use for improve the effectiveness and efficiency for various aspect of warehouse with Particle Swarm Optimization and Economic Load Dispatch method control using genetic algorithm.
Comparison of Antibacterial Efficacy Chlorohexidine Gluconate and Saudi Myrrh Mouthwashes in the Oral Cavity

Myrrh have been traded in the Middle East and North Africa for 5,000 years, Myrrh is an Oleo gum resin, phytotoxically safe raw material obtained from the stem of various species of the genus Commiphora, in recent years it has been used in pharmaceuticals, food industries. Chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash is preferably prescribed by dentist as an effective mouthwash. Aim of the study to investigate the antibacterial effect of myrrh aqueous mouthwash (homemade) solution against some selected microbial flora and comparison of the activity with that of commercial chlorohexidine gluconate mouthwash by participation of 9 female volunteers. Antimicrobial activity of Myrrh was investigated and compared with 0.2% chlorohexidine gluconate mouthwash using agar diffusion method. Escherichia coli 25922, Salmonella 25566, Klebsiella pneumonia 13883, Pseudomonas 27853, Proteus, Staphylococcus aureus 25923, Bacillus, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans were used in this study and adjusted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) The results revealed that Myrrh produced antimicrobial activity against oral flora and other species of microorganisms which was to some extent comparable with that of Chlorohexidine gluconate. Microbial load detection showed that home made myrrh mouthwash aqueous solution is an effective as clinically proved mouthwash.  Myrrh, Chlorohexidine, Mouthwash,
Low dimensional compounds containing cyanido groups. Part XXX. Recrystallization of Co(II) complexes with pseudohalogenide ligands leading to CO2 uptake and formation of dicyanoguanidine anion in newly created Co(III) complexes

Two new complexes, [Co II bpy 2 (dca) 2 1 and [Co II bpy 2 (tcm) 2 2 bpy 2,2 bipyridine, dca dicyanamide and tcm tricyanomethanide) were prepared as powders. During their recrystallization on air, two other new complexes, [Co III bpy 2 CO 3 ]dcg (dcg N,N' dicyanoguanidine, (H 2 N)C(NCN) 2 3 and [Co III bpy 2 CO 3 ]tcm*2H 2 O 4 have been prepared. Composition of both complexes was supported by the results of thermal analyses. The presence of Co(III) atom in 3 and 4 was confirmed by UV Vis spectra, while the presence of dcg and tcm as free anions was proved by IR spectra of these complexes. Moreover, quantum chemical calculations confirmed that dcg in 3 is present in its anionic form. Single crystal X ray structure determination of 3 and 4 revealed the presence of [Co III bpy 2 CO 3 complex cations with dcg, its structure has not been published yet, and tcm counter anions, respectively. In both structures, a supramolecular networks built up from strong N HN, O HN, as well as weak C HN, C HO hydrogen bonds and aromatic p p stacking besides electrostatic forces of attraction help to consolidate the packing.
Boulevard of broken dreams. The end of EU funding (1997: Abruzzi, Italy)

EU regional policies aim to push regions into self sustaining growth. Successful interventions would imply a higher growth rate, not only during the treatment (when the region benefits from the transfers) but also after the expiry of the program (when the financing terminates) We investigate to what extent this happened in the case of Italy's Abruzzi region, which entered into the Objective 1 (Convergence) program in 1989 and exited it in 1996 (without a transitional regime) More specifically we focus upon the post expiry period by implementing a synthetic control approach. Our results indicate that exiting the program had a negative effect on regional per capita GDP growth. This result is a confirmation of the widespread evidence that during their implementation EU regional policies help boost the economic performance of the treated regions. However, additional evidence suggests that the permanent effect of the treatment is negligible: the policies fail to transfer the treated regions to a permanently higher GDP growth path.
Pleiotropic effects of statins: A boulevard to cardioprotection

Hydroxy 3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitors, referred to as "statins" have been extensively reported to possess lipid lowering effects by inhibiting the synthesis of cholesterol by liver and thereby increasing hepatic cholesterol uptake and reducing circulating lipid levels. Growing body of evidences have shown that apart from lipid lowering effects, statins possess various pleiotropic effects that include improvement in endothelial dysfunction, increased expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) enhanced bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) potent antioxidant potential and anti inflammatory properties. In relation to cardiovascular pathologies, statins have been shown to inhibit atrial myocardial remodeling, prevent atrial fibrillation, conserve NO production in heart failure, reduce activity of small G proteins in cardiac hypertrophy and protect the myocardium from lethal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective potential include phosphatidyl inositol (PI3) kinase/Akt/eNOS pathway, subsequent activation of ATP sensitive potassium (KATP) channels by NO resulting in improved myocardial metabolism, release of endogenous adenosine by increasing the activity of adenosine forming enzyme ecto 5V nucleotidase, inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, decrease in oxidative stress and attenuation of apoptosis. The present review article demonstrates the pleiotropic effects of statins beyond their lipid lowering effects. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms involved in stain induced cardioprotection have been delineated.
Boulevard of Broken Dreams. The End of the EU Funding (1997: Abruzzi, Italy)

EU regional policies aim to push regions into self sustaining growth. Successful interventions would imply a higher growth rate, not only during the treatment (when the region benefits from the transfers) but also after the expiry of the program (when the financing terminates) We investigate to what extent this happened in the case of Italy's Abruzzi region, which entered into the Objective 1 (Convergence) program in 1989 and exited it in 1996 (without a transitional regime) More specifically we focus upon the post expiry period by implementing a synthetic control approach. Our results indicate that exiting the program had a negative effect on regional per capita GDP growth. This result is a confirmation of the widespread evidence that during their implementation EU regional policies help boost the economic performance of the treated regions. However, additional evidence suggests that the permanent effect of the treatment is negligible: the policies fail to transfer the treated regions to a permanently higher GDP growth path.
Source localization in underwater waveguides using machine learning

The problem of underwater acoustic source localization is solved using an artificial neural network (ANN) under the machine learning framework. Source localization in a waveguide is posed as a classification problem by training a feed forward neural network (FFN) with one hidden layer. In this paper, the acoustic pressure signals received by a vertical linear array are preprocessed by constructing the normalized cross spectral density matrices (CSDM) which are used as input of the FFN. Each unit of the output layer represents one possible range (Here, for simplicity, source range is the only parameter that needs to be determined) Different from model based localization methods such as matched field processing (MFP) ANN as a data driven method can learn features from real acoustic data, thereby bypassing the sound propagation modeling step completely. Simulations show that FFN achieves a good performance in determining the source ranges even with deficient training data samples and low signal to noise r.
Hotspots of boundary accumulation: dynamics and statistics of micro swimmers in flowing films
Venue: Journal of The Royal Society Interface

Biological flows over surfaces and interfaces can result in accumulation hotspots or depleted voids of microorganisms in natural environments. Apprehending the mechanisms that lead to such distributions is essential for understanding biofilm initiation. Using a systematic framework, we resolve the dynamics and statistics of swimming microbes within flowing films, considering the impact of confinement through steric and hydrodynamic interactions, flow and motility, along with Brownian and run tumble fluctuations. Micro swimmers can be peeled off the solid wall above a critical flow strength. However, the interplay of flow and fluctuations causes organisms to migrate back towards the wall above a secondary critical value. Hence, faster flows may not always be the most efficacious strategy to discourage biofilm initiation. Moreover, we find run tumble dynamics commonly used by flagellated microbes to be an intrinsically more successful strategy to escape from boundaries than equivalent levels of enhanced Brownian noise in ciliated organisms.
Breath to speech communication with fall detection for elder/patient with take care analytics
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information Communication Technology (RTEICT)

People suffering from Developmental Disabilities are almost entirely paralyzed disabling them to communicate in any way except using an Augmentative and Alternative Communication device. Survey analysis tells that 1.4% of globe's population suffers from speech disorder which is more than the Karnataka's population. Looking into the elderly group it was analyzed that the fall events cannot be predicted and might be an unsafe event. Estimates tell that 33.33% of 65 and above aged people fall every year. It can be seen that out of these falls 55% occur at home and 23% occur near the home. Hence, a dependable fall detection system has to be developed, and commercially be used all over the globe among the elderly. Depending on fast detection and delivering signals, the cost of the system can be reduced which is interconnected to the reaction and saving time. An enhanced breathe to speech communication and fall detection system for elderly people and also monitoring through a take care analytics is suggested that are based on intelligent sensors that are put by the person using that device.
Digital Map Based Site Specific Granular Fertilizer Application System

Variable rate application is the process of applying different rates of crop inputs according to the variability within an agricultural field. Variable rate fertilizer application is a technology that regulates the fertilizer application rate based on site specific needs within a field. A GPS based variable rate fertilizer application (VRFA) system was developed, which consisted of a differential global positioning system (DGPS) micro processor, micro controller, DC motor actuator, power supply, threaded screw arrangement and fluted roller metering mechanism. The digital soil nutrient availability and application maps for targeted yield were also developed. DGPS was used for real time identification of grids. Based on the microcontroller algorithm, application rates were varied by changing the feed roller exposure length. The observed fertilizer application rate was 5 and 300 kg/ha for exposure length of 0 and 44 mm respectively. The results indicate that the fertilizer application rate changes according to the prescribed application rate at the identified grid with coefficient of variation (CV) of 11.7 15% The values of root mean square error and relative difference of the system for different levels of application rates were 2.62 and 3.71 respectively. It can be concluded that the developed VRFA system closely meets the target fertilizer application rate at the selected grid point.
RELIGIOSITY, ECONOMY AND PATTERNS OF HINDU MARRIAGE IN INDIA

This paper investigates the extent to which economic variables are associated with several aspects of Hindu marriage. Data were obtained through interviews and schedules from the heads of households, living in a medium sized village community in Rajasthan, India, about the marriages of 158 and 163 boys and girls respectively. The caste differentials which seem to be reinforced by the economic aspect have been positively related with the expenditure in weddings, age at marriage, propinquity, and education of the subjects. This suggests that social inequality also has caused economic inequality which consequently adversely has affected the patterns of marriage as well as the process of change.
Automatic Chord Recognition

Automatic chord recognition is the first step towards complex analyses of music. It has became an active research topic and is of importance for both scientific research and commercial applications. Many methods have been proposed to attack this problem, most of which are based on the Pitch Class Profile. I propose a novel automatic chord recognition method that improves the traditional methods by incorporating some new ideas including the Soft Thresholding denoising, the Improved Pitch Class Profile, and the circular shift and weighted sum based Template Matching. Experiments show that my method is both efficient and accurate.
Dynamic yielding and fracture of grade 4 titanium in plate impact experiments

The dynamic yielding and fracture (spalling) of commercially pure (grade 4) titanium are investigated using symmetric plate impact experiments for a peak stress range of 5.6 GPa 12.5 GPa. Velocity interferometry system for any reflector rear free surface velocity profiles display both a Hugoniot elastic limit (HEL) and a velocity pullback, which are indicative of dynamic compressive yielding and tensile fracture (spalling) respectively. The HEL decreases with peak stress from 2.2 GPa for 5.6 GPa peak stress to 2.0 GPa for 12.5 GPa peak stress. The decrease in the HEL corresponded to an increase in twinning observed in recovered samples. The spall strength increases with peak stress from 3.3 GPa to 3.8 GPa over the measured peak stress range and shows a good power law fit with the decompression strain rate. The differences in the dynamic yield and fracture behavior indicate that void nucleation is the dominant mechanism affecting the spall strength of grade 4 titanium.
Damage Threshold of Borosilicate Glass Under Plate Impact
Venue: Journal of Dynamic Behavior of Materials

Symmetric plate impact tests of borosilicate glass projectiles into borosilicate glass targets were performed at stress levels from 0.7 to 2 GPa (impact velocities from 116 to 351 m/s) As far as the authors know this range of velocities has not been explored in the literature previously. The tests used an ultra high speed camera to record shock and failure propagation. The velocity of the back of the target was also recorded with a photon Doppler velocimeter (PDV) The images clearly show the shock wave and its propagation at the speed expected. The reflected tensile wave is also apparent. What the authors interpret as the failure wave/front is clearly observed and appears at stress levels of 0.8 GPa (velocities as low as 130 m/s) The images apparently show failure nucleation sites that trail the shock wave. These seem to be closer to the shock wave for higher speeds. A possibility is that the defects open faster at higher impact velocity while at lower velocities they are still present but remain undetected. Interestingly, even though the failure wave is clearly seen, the PDV never detected the expected recompression wave. The reason might be that at these low impact velocities the recompression wave is too small to be seen and is lost in the noise. This, in the past, may have confused researchers by thinking that the failure wave was not present at these low impact velocities. This work also presents a new way to interpret the signals from the PDV. By letting part of the signal travel through the target and reflect on the impact side, it is possible to see the PDV signal decrease in intensity with time. This would be consistent with having damage in the interior of the specimen, something not straightforward to confirm through just high speed photography.
Changes in skeletal muscle perfusion and spasticity in patients with poststroke hemiparesis treated by robotic assistance (Gloreha) of the hand
Venue: Journal of physical therapy science

The purpose of this case series was to determine the effects of robot assisted hand rehabilitation with a Gloreha device on skeletal muscle perfusion, spasticity, and motor function in subjects with poststroke hemiparesis.  Seven patients, 2 women and 5 men (mean SD age: 60.5 6.3 years) with hemiparesis >6 months poststroke) received passive mobilization of the hand with a Gloreha (Idrogenet, Italy) device (30 min per day; 3 sessions a week for 3 weeks) The outcome measures were the total hemoglobin profiles and tissue oxygenation index (TOI) in the muscle tissue evaluated through near infrared spectroscopy. The Motricity Index and modified Ashworth Scale for upper limb muscles were used to assess mobility of the upper extremity.  Robotic assistance reduced spasticity after the intervention by 68.6% in the upper limb. The Motricity Index was unchanged in these patients after treatment. Regarding changes in muscle perfusion, significant improvements were found in total hemoglobin. There were significant differences between the pre and posttreatment modified Ashworth scale.  The present work provides novel evidence that robotic assistance of the hand induced changes in local muscle blood flow and oxygen supply, diminished spasticity, and decreased subject reported symptoms of heaviness and stiffness in subjects with post stroke hemiparesis.
Genome editing in maize directed by CRISPR Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes
Venue: Nature communications

Targeted DNA double strand breaks have been shown to significantly increase the frequency and precision of genome editing. In the past two decades, several double strand break technologies have been developed. CRISPR Cas9 has quickly become the technology of choice for genome editing due to its simplicity, efficiency and versatility. Currently, genome editing in plants primarily relies on delivering double strand break reagents in the form of DNA vectors. Here we report biolistic delivery of pre assembled Cas9 gRNA ribonucleoproteins into maize embryo cells and regeneration of plants with both mutated and edited alleles. Using this method of delivery, we also demonstrate DNA and selectable marker free gene mutagenesis in maize and recovery of plants with mutated alleles at high frequencies. These results open new opportunities to accelerate breeding practices in a wide variety of crop species.
Hydrogen peroxide poisoning: an unusual cause of portal venous gas
Venue: BJR case reports

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an oxidizing agent found in many household products. It is a clear liquid at room temperature, allowing it to be mistaken for water if unlabelled. Ingestion of H2O2 can have serious sequelae even in low volumes and concentrations.We present a case study of H2O2 poisoning and discuss the pertinent radiographical findings.
A Summary of Literature: Convertible Bond Issue Announcement Effect

Convertible bond, whose holder has the right to convert it into shares in accordance with the agreed terms of the bond within a certain period, combines the common features of the bond and stock. Announcement effect of the securities, also known as wealth effect of the shareholder, is to investigate the influence of the major issuers on the company's stock price. Because the nature of financial instruments is different, there are differences in issued announcement effect. Scholars' study of the convertible bond from various countries also involves many aspects. The article gives the literature review on the issue of announcement effect and its influencing factors of target stocks. On the basis of summarizing the conclusions, this article also points out the studies' shortcomings and deficiencies. We hope to be able to provide some inspiration for the development of the convertible bond market.