nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of oral drenching of glycerin as a source of pre mating energetic supplementation on reproductive response in goats

The availability of glycerol has increased because of the biofuels industry, and glycerol can have a significant effect on reproductive efficiency when used as an alternative energy source in animal feeds. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pre mating oral drenching of glycerin on ovarian and fertility responses in goats. Sixty Anglonubian mixed breed goats were submitted to estrus synchronization by CIDR prostaglandin PGF2a treatment and mated. At CIDR removal, onset of estrus, and 24 h after estrus behavior, the animals received 150 ml of saline solution (control group, n 20) 150 ml of glycerol (150 ml group, n 20) or 300 ml of glycerol (300 ml group, n 20) The administration of glycerin increased plasma glucose in the 300 ml group (P 0.05) and the insulin concentration at 12 h after glycerin drenching in both treated groups. Goats from the 300 ml group showed a lower ovulation rate when compared to the control group (1.15 0.08 vs. 0.89 0.14; P 0.05) but exhibited larger follicles at 48, 24, and 12 h prior to ovulation (P 0.05) Administration of 300 ml of glycerol was also associated with a significant reduction in the pregnancy rate (80.00% vs. 38.89% P 0.05) and in pregnant animals it was associated with lower growth of embryonic vesicles (1.78 0.07 mm/day vs. 1.31 0.07 mm/day; P 0.05) compared to the control treatment. Gestational losses in the 300 ml group occurred between mating and the 45th day of pregnancy. No differences were found for the reproductive parameters analyzed in the study between the 150 ml and control groups. In conclusion, the supplementation with glycerol before the mating did not appear to be a viable alternative to increase reproductive efficiency of adult does.
A supervoxel based spectro spatial approach for 3D urban point cloud labelling

Three dimensional (3D) point cloud labelling of airborne lidar (light detection and ranging) data has promising applications in urban city modelling. Automatic and efficient methods for semantic labelling of airborne urban point cloud data with multiple classes still remains a challenge. We propose a novel 3D object based classification framework for labelling urban lidar point cloud using a computer vision technique, supervoxels. The supervoxel approach is promising for representing dense lidar point cloud in a compact manner for 3D segmentation and for improving the computational efficiency. Initially, supervoxels are generated by over segmenting the coloured point cloud using the voxel based cloud connectivity algorithm in the geometric space. The local connectivity established between supervoxels has been used to produce meaningful and realistic objects (segments) The segments are classified by different machine learning techniques based on several spectral and geometric features extracted from the segments. All the points within a labelled segment are assigned the same segment label. Furthermore, the effect of different feature vectors and varying point density on the classification accuracy has been studied. Results indicate an accurate labelling of points in realistic 3D space conforming to the boundaries of objects. An overall classification accuracy of is achieved by the proposed method. The labelled 3D points can be used directly for the reconstruction of buildings and other man made objects.
1 (3,5 Dinitro 1H pyrazol 4 yl) 3 nitro 1H 1,2,4 triazol 5 amine (HCPT) and its energetic salts: highly thermally stable energetic materials with high performance.
Venue: Dalton transactions

A novel energetic heat resistant explosive, 1 (3,5 dinitro 1H pyrazol 4 yl) 3 nitro 1H 1,2,4 triazol 5 amine (HCPT) has been synthesized along with its salts. An intensive characterization of the compounds is given, including 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The crystal structures of neutral HCPT (3) its triaminoguanidinium salt (10) 3,4,5 triamino 1,2,4 triazolium salt (12) and copper(ii) complex (16) were determined by single crystal X ray diffraction. The physicochemical properties of the compounds, such as density, thermal stability, and sensitivity towards impact and friction were evaluated; all energetic compounds exhibited excellent thermal stabilities with decomposition temperatures ranging from 215 degC to 340 degC, and high positive heats of formation between 622.8 kJ mol 1 and 1211.7 kJ mol 1. The detonation pressures and velocities for the energetic compounds were calculated using EXPLO5 (V6.01) based on experimental densities and calculated heats of formation, and the corresponding values were in the ranges of 26.5 GPa to 37.8 GPa and 8236 m s 1 to 9167 m s 1. Based on thermal stability values and energetic parameters, compounds 3 and 7 were superior to those of all of the commonly used heat resistant explosives, which may find potential application as heat resistant energetic materials.
Preparation of HCPT Loaded Nanoneedles with Pointed Ends for Highly Efficient Cancer Chemotherapy
Venue: Nanoscale Research Letters

The high aspect ratio nanoparticles were proved to be internalized much more rapidly and efficiently by cancer cells than the nanoparticles with an equal aspect ratio. Herein, a kind of high aspect ratio, pointed end nanoneedles (NDs) with a high drug loading (15.04 and the prolonged drug release profile were fabricated with an anti tumor drug 10 hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) via an ultrasound assisted emulsion crystallization technique. It is surprising to see that the cellular internalization of NDs with an average length of 5 mm and an aspect ratio of about 12:1 was even much faster and higher than that of nanorods with the same size and the nanospheres with a much smaller size of 150 nm. The results further validated that cellular internalization of the nanoparticles exhibited a strong shape dependent effect, and cellular uptake may favor the particles with sharp ends as well as a high aspect ratio instead of particle size. The NDs with enhanced cytotoxicity would lead to a promising sustained local drug delivery system for highly efficient anticancer therapy. More importantly, the fabrication of NDs opens a door to design new formulations of nanoneedle drug delivery systems for highly efficient cancer.
Strategi Pengembangan Potensi Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) dengan Dukungan Kucuran Kredit (Studi Kasus: UMKM Kabupaten XYZ)

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui peningkatan kinerja UMKM setelah mendapat kucuran kredit, mengetahui alternatif perencanaan strategi yang tepat dalam pengembangan UMKM, dan mengetahui prioritas strategi pengembangan UMKM di Kabupaten XYZ. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji Wilcoxon untuk menguji peningkatan kinerja UMKM setelah mendapat kredit, Strenght, Weakness, Opportunity dan Threat (SWOT) untuk perencanaan alternatif strategi dan Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) untuk penentuan prioritas strategi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan pada omset penjualan dan keuntungan usaha setelah mendapat kucuran kredit, namun pada jumlah tenaga kerja mengalami peningkatan yang tidak signifikan setelah mendapat kucuran kredit. Strategi pengembangan yang dapat diterapkan pada UMKM Kabupaten XYZ yaitu penetrasi pasar dan pengembangan produk. Prioritas strategi pengembangan yang dapat diterapkan UMKM di Kabupaten XYZ adalah melakukan inovasi produk yang diolah, menjaga dan mempertahankan kualitas produk dan meningkatkan sarana dan prasarana pengembangan UMKM.  kucuran kredit, strategi, UMKM Abstract This research aimed to know the improvement of the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) performance after getting financial credit support, to know appropriate planning of strategies in developing MSMEs and to find out the priority of development strategies at MSMEs in XYZ Regency. Wilcoxon test was used to test the improving performance of MSMEs after getting financial credit support, Strenght, Weakness, Opportunity dan Threat (SWOT) analysis was used to plan alternative strategies then Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) was used to determine the priority of alternative strategies. The results of research showed that there was a significant improvement in sales and business profits after getting financial credit support, but the increasing amount of employee was not significant after getting financial credit support. Development strategies which could be applied in XYZ Regency were market penetration and product development. There were three priority development strategies which able to be applied at MSMEs in XYZ Regency, i.e conducting product innovation, maintaining the quality of products, and improving the facilities and infrastructure of MSMEs development.  credit assistance, MSMEs, strategy
Optical measures of changes in cerebral vascular tone during voluntary breath holding and a Sternberg memory task
Venue: Biological Psychology

The human cerebral vasculature responds to changes in blood pressure and demands for oxygenation via cerebral autoregulation. Changes in cerebrovascular tone (vasoconstriction and vasodilation) also mediate the changes in blood flow measured by the BOLD fMRI signal. This cerebrovascular reactivity is known to vary with age. In two experiments, we demonstrate that cerebral pulse parameters measured using optical imaging can quantify changes in cerebral vascular tone, both globally and locally. In experiment 1, 51 older adults (age range=55 87) performed a voluntary breath holding task while cerebral pulse amplitude measures were taken. We found significant pulse amplitude variations across breath holding periods, indicating vasodilation during, and vasoconstriction after breath holding. The breath holding index (BHI) a measure of cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) was derived and found to correlate with age. BHI was also correlated with performance in the Modified Mini Mental Status Examination, even after controlling for age and education. In experiment 2, the same participants performed a Sternberg task, and changes in regional pulse amplitude between high (set size 6) and low (set size 2) task loads were compared. Only task related areas in the fronto parietal network (FPN) showed significant reduction in pulse amplitude, indicating vasodilation. Non task related areas such as the somatosensory and auditory cortices did not show such reductions. Taken together, these experiments suggest that optical pulse parameters can index changes in brain vascular tone both globally and locally, using both physiological and cognitive load manipulations.
Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love

Robert Sternberg's triangular theory of love proposes that love is composed of three distinct but interrelated components: intimacy, passion, and decision/commitment. The emotional intimacy and the cognitive decision/commitment components are typically rather constant in close relationships; once they are established in a relationship they are apt to endure. However, passion is considered to be less stable and much less predictable. Within this theory, individuals love each other to the extent that they experience and evidence these three components, and different combinations of the components will yield markedly different kinds of love. The triangular theory allows for eight types of love: non love, liking, infatuation, empty, romantic, companionate, fatuous, and consummate.  commitment; infatuation; intimacy; love; passion; romance; wheel theory of love
Instagram's 'Fitspiration' Trend and Its Effect on Young Women's Self Esteem
Venue: Bled eConference

Increasingly, sports and fitness brands are using a variety of social media platforms. Instagram has come to the fore in the area of fitness, asserting itself as the de facto channel for users to catalogue their athletic activities, and offering inspirational training advice to followers. Considering this increasingly popular 'fitspiration' trend, we see a significant impact upon young female users self esteem, specifically in relation to their perception of body imagery. Hence, this paper will develop understanding of fitness brands' social media activities by investigating the impact of Instagram upon the selfesteem of young women. Nascent literature has examined influence upon self esteem among women throughout a variety of advertising mediums, however, none have explored the connection between self esteem and social media. Accordingly, semistructured interviews with female sports enthusiasts are proposed to uncover opinions and perceptions relating to their use of Instagram. Initial findings reveal a strong correlation between participant perception of the 'fitspiration' social media accounts they subscribe to, as well as the impact upon their self esteem. Ultimately, this paper makes two theoretical contributions relating to the effect of social media upon female self esteem, as well as contributing to a wider debate of body image within a modern digital economy.
Arsenic poisoning and Mees' lines.
Venue: QJM monthly journal of the Association of Physicians

A 40 year old male presented with 4 weeks' history of numbness with painful paraesthesias in limbs. The paraesthesias (tingling and gnawing pain) and numbness started distally in hands and feet, almost simultaneously, and reached up till wrists and mid legs over 2 weeks. At this time, he noticed imbalance on walking which worsened in dark and some difficulty in gripping objects Examination revealed mild hand grip weakness, generalized areflexia, pansensory loss in glove and stocking distribution and sensory ataxia. He had antecedent fever, loose stools, transaminitis, right pleural effusion 2 weeks before the
Diagnosis of temporomandibular joint disorders: indication of imaging exams.
Venue: Brazilian journal of otorhinolaryngology

Knowledge of the different imaging tests and their appropriate indications is crucial to establish the diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders, especially in patients with overlapping signs and symptoms.  To present and assess the main diagnostic imaging tests for temporomandibular disorders and rationally discuss their indication criteria, advantages, and disadvantages.  Literature review in the Web of Knowledge, PubMed and SciELO databases, as well as manual search for relevant publications in reference lists of the selected articles.  Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were considered the gold standard assessments for the temporomandibular joint to evaluate hard and soft tissues, respectively. Each diagnostic method exhibited distinct sensitivity and specificity for the different subtypes of joint dysfunction.  Selecting an evaluation examination based on its accuracy, safety, and clinical relevance is a rational decision that can help lead to an accurate diagnosis and an optimum treatment plan.
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Orofacial Pain.
Venue: Dental clinics of North America

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) affect 5% to 12% of the United States population. This article discusses common conditions related to temporomandibular joints, including disc displacements, inflammatory disturbances, loose joint bodies, traumatic disturbances, and developmental conditions. Also addressed are the appropriate imaging modalities and diagnostic criteria for TMD.
Internal Derangement of the Temporomandibular Joint: New Perspectives on an Old Problem.
Venue: Oral and maxillofacial surgery clinics of North America

Internal derangement is caused by loss of the structure and function of the intra articular tissues, leading to a failure in the biomechanics of the temporomandibular joint. This tissue failure is usually caused by joint overload, leading to an inflammatory/degenerative arthropathy of the temporomandibular joint. The intra articular changes associated with internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint can also be caused by a systemic arthropathy or a localized atypical arthropathy involving the temporomandibular joint. Clinicians must be diligent in establishing the correct diagnosis and cause of the internal derangement, which ultimately leads to the appropriate management of patients with these disorders.
Locally warping based image stitching by imposing line constraints
Venue: 2016 23rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)

Warping based image stitching methods often suffer from perspective variations among multiple images and lead to shape and perspective distortions in stitching results. Moreover, they also quickly lose their efficiency in low textured images, due to the lack of reliable point correspondences. To solve these problems, this paper presents a locally warping based image stitching by imposing line constraints. First, a two stage alignment scheme with line constraints is introduced to achieve accurate alignment. More precisely, line features are adopted as alignment constraints to jointly estimate local homographies with point correspondences, which provides strong correspondences especially in low textured cases. Then line constraints are also imposed to the content preserving warping framework to further reduce alignment errors and preserve image structures. Second, in order to preserve shape and perspective information, a global similarity transform is introduced to mitigate projective distortions. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of our method, which yields more encouraging image stitching results in contrast with state of the art methods.
Reducing perspective distortion for stereoscopic image stitching
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Expo Workshops (ICMEW)

This paper presents a stereoscopic image stitching method, which reduces perspective distortion of stitched stereoscopic image. We propose a hybrid warping model for stereoscopic image stitching by combining derivative half projective and content preserving warping. Firstly, a derivative warp model is proposed to pre warp left and right images, and thus reduce perspective distortions, meantime, ensure the consistent changes. Secondly, a content preserving warping is introduced to locally refine the alignment and reduce the vertical disparity. At last, we blend the warped input stereoscopic images to a whole stereoscopic image. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively stitch stereoscopic image, which not only reduces the perspective distortion, but also reduces the vertical disparity reasonably.
The properties of the Malin 1 galaxy giant disk A panchromatic view from the NGVS and GUViCS surveys

Low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) represent a significant percentage of local galaxies but their formation and evolution remain elusive. They may hold crucial information for our understanding of many key issues (i.e. census of baryonic and dark matter, star formation in the low density regime, mass function) The most massive examples the so called giant LSBGs can be as massive as the Milky Way, but with this mass being distributed in a much larger disk.  Malin 1 is an iconic giant LSBG perhaps the largest disk galaxy known. We attempt to bring new insights on its structure and evolution on the basis of new images covering a wide range in wavelength.  We have computed surface brightness profiles (and average surface brightnesses in 16 regions of interest) in six photometric bands (FUV, NUV, u, g, i, z) We compared these data to various models, testing a variety of assumptions concerning the formation and evolution of Malin 1.  We find that the surface brightness and color profiles can be reproduced by a long and quiet star formation history due to the low surface density; no significant event, such as a collision, is necessary. Such quiet star formation across the giant disk is obtained in a disk model calibrated for the Milky Way, but with an angular momentum approximately 20 times larger. Signs of small variations of the star formation history are indicated by the diversity of ages found when different regions within the galaxy are intercompared.  For the first time, panchromatic images of Malin 1 are used to constrain the stellar populations and the history of this iconic example among giant LSBGs. Based on our model, the extreme disk of Malin 1 is found to have a long history of relatively low star formation (about 2 M_ yr^ 1) Our model allows us to make predictions on its stellar mass and metallicity. The Appendix images (FITS files) are available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to http:/cdsarc.u strasbg.fr (ftp:/130.79.128.5) or via http:/cdsarc.u strasbg.fr/viz bin/qcat?J/A+A/593/A126
Effects of substorm electrojet on declination along concurrent geomagnetic latitudes in the northern auroral zone

The geomagnetic field often experiences large fluctuations, especially at high latitudes in the auroral zones. We have found, using simulations, that there are significant differences in the substorm signature, in certain coordinate systems, as a function of longitude. This is confirmed by the analysis of real, measured data from comparable locations. Large geomagnetic fluctuations pose challenges for companies involved in resource exploitation since the Earth's magnetic field is used as the reference when navigating drilling equipment. It is widely known that geomagnetic activity increases with increasing latitude and that the largest fluctuations are caused by substorms. In the auroral zones, substorms are common phenomena, occurring almost every night. In principle, the magnitude of geomagnetic disturbances from two identical substorms along concurrent geomagnetic latitudes around the globe, at different local times, will be the same. However, the signature of a substorm will change as a function of geomagnetic longitude due to varying declination, dipole declination, and horizontal magnetic field along constant geomagnetic latitudes. To investigate and quantify this, we applied a simple substorm current wedge model in combination with a dipole representation of the Earth's magnetic field to simulate magnetic substorms of different morphologies and local times. The results of these simulations were compared to statistical data from observatories and are discussed in the context of resource exploitation in the Arctic. We also attempt to determine and quantify areas in the auroral zone where there is a potential for increased space weather challenges compared to other areas.
Critical Success Factors for a Smart City Strategy

Urbanisation is forcing local governments to be more efficient with their resources. By using technology, cities can become smarter and therefore become more liveable and sustainable. Only if local governments, businesses, knowledge institutes and citizens cooperate this can be achieved. Local governments can define a smart city strategy to accomplish this. However, since all cities are unique and have their own goals, a one size fits all strategy is not an option. This paper proposes six critical success factors (CSFs) that can be used when developing a smart city strategy. These CSFs were identified by reviewing current literature on smart cities strategies and interviews with policy advisers of thee smart cities within the Netherlands.