nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
EVALUASI KERAGAMAN GENETIK IKAN KANCRA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MARKER Mt DNA D loop DAN RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHISM DNA (RAPD)

Variasi genetik ikan kancra yang dikoleksi dari daerah Kuningan (Pesawahan, Gandasoli, dan Ragawacana) dan Sumedang di Jawa Barat telah diteliti dengan menggunakan polimorfisme Mitokondria DNA D loop dan Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA (RAPD) Berdasarkan analisis Mt DNA tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata antara ras ikan kancra dari empat lokasi tersebut. Sedangkan analisis RAPD menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata. Panjang daerah Mt DNA D loop ikan kancra berkisar antara 700 800 bp. Satu komposit haplotype terdeteksi dengan menggunakan 4 enzim restriksi yaitu Rsa I, Nde II, Taq I, dan Sac I pada sekuens D loop. Dua dari 20 primer RAPD menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata di antara keempat populasi ikan kancra. Jarak genetik berdasarkan polimorfisme dua primer tersebut adalah 0,349. The aim of this research was to evaluate genetic variability of Tor soro. The genetic variability of Tor soro collected from Kuningan (Pesawahan, Gandasoli, and Ragawacana) and Sumedang, West Java were examined using polymorphism of the mitochondria DNA (MtDNA) D loop and RAPD markers. Based on MtDNA D loop analysis, there was no significant different among collection. The length size of MtDNA D loop region was approximately 700 800 bp. A composite haplotype was detected using four endonuclease i.e. Rsa I, Nde II, Taq I, and Sac I. Two of 20 RAPD primers showed significantly different among collections. Average genetic distance based on the polymorphism of two primers was 0.349.
ANALISIS RASIO RNA/DNA UDANG WINDU Penaeus monodon HASIL SELEKSI TUMBUH CEPAT Andi

Seleksi udang windu Penaeus monodon tumbuh cepat menggunakan marker DNA telah berhasil dilakukan dalam upaya perakitan strain unggul udang windu. Udang windu hasil seleksi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pertumbuhan dibandingkan dengan tanpa seleksi (kontrol) Rasio RNA/DNA merupakan salah satu parameter yang telah banyak digunakan dalam menentukan kualitas ikan/udang di antaranya adalah pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui rasio RNA/DNA pada udang windu hasil seleksi tumbuh cepat dan kontrol (tanpa seleksi) Sampel udang windu tumbuh cepat yang digunakan berukuran bobot 50,66+ 16,51 g dan panjang 17,55+ 1,93 cm; sedangkan udang kontrol berukuran bobot 29,64+ 11,93 g dan panjang 14,78+ 2,53 cm. Metode isolasi total RNA dilakukan dengan menggunakan kit isogen, sedangkan genom DNA menggunakan metode konvensional fenol kloroform. Konsentrasi RNA dan DNA hasil isolasi diukur menggunakan GeneQuant. T test dari Statistix Versi 3,0 digunakan untuk membedakan rasio RNA/DNA antara kedua perlakuan yang dianalisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genom DNA dan total RNA mempunyai tingkat kemurnian yang tinggi. Hasil analisis t test menunjukkan bahwa rasio RNA/DNA udang windu tumbuh cepat (4,51) berbeda secara nyata (P<0,05) dengan udang windu kontrol (3,19) Kecenderungan rasio RNA/DNA semakin tinggi dengan semakin beratnya bobot badan, di mana rasio RNA/DNA udang betina (4,96) lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dari udang jantan (2,93) Analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa rasio RNA/DNA udang windu memiliki hubungan erat dengan panjang (R=0,5628) dan bobot (R=0,6539) Hasil penelitian ini berimplikasi bahwa parameter rasio RNA/DNA dapat dijadikan sebagai indikator pertumbuhan udang windu.
Distributed TensorFlow with MPI
Venue: ArXiv

Machine Learning and Data Mining (MLDM) algorithms are becoming increasingly important in analyzing large volume of data generated by simulations, experiments and mobile devices. With increasing data volume, distributed memory systems (such as tightly connected supercomputers or cloud computing systems) are becoming important in designing in memory and massively parallel MLDM algorithms. Yet, the majority of open source MLDM software is limited to sequential execution with a few supporting multi core/many core execution. In this paper, we extend recently proposed Google TensorFlow for execution on large scale clusters using Message Passing Interface (MPI) Our approach requires minimal changes to the TensorFlow runtime making the proposed implementation generic and readily usable to increasingly large users of TensorFlow. We evaluate our implementation using an InfiniBand cluster and several well knowndatasets. Our evaluation indicates the efficiency of our proposed implementation.
Hidden Costs of Hospital Based Delivery from Two Tertiary Hospitals in Western Nepal
Venue: PloS one

Hospital based delivery has been an expensive experience for poor households because of hidden costs which are usually unaccounted in hospital costs. The main aim of this study was to estimate the hidden costs of hospital based delivery and determine the factors associated with the hidden costs.  A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted among 384 post partum mothers with their husbands/house heads during the discharge time in Manipal Teaching Hospital and Western Regional Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. A face to face interview with each respondent was conducted using a structured questionnaire. Hidden costs were calculated based on the price rate of the market during the time of the study.  The total hidden costs for normal delivery and C section delivery were 243.4 USD (US Dollar) and 321.6 USD respectively. Of the total maternity care expenditures; higher mean expenditures were found for food drinking (53.07% clothes (9.8% and transport (7.3% For postpartum women with their husband or house head, the total mean opportunity cost of "days of work loss" were 84.1 USD and 81.9 USD for normal delivery and C section respectively. Factors such as literate mother (p 0.007) employed house head (p 0.011) monthly family income more than 25,000 NRs (Nepalese Rupees) (p 0.014) private hospital as a place of delivery (p 0.0001) C section as a mode of delivery (p 0.0001) longer duration >5days) of stay in hospital (p 0.0001) longer distance >15km) from house to hospital (p 0.0001) and longer travel time >240 minutes) from house to hospital (p 0.007) showed a significant association with the higher hidden costs >25000 NRs)  Experiences of hidden costs on hospital based delivery and opportunity costs of days of work loss were found high. Several socio demographic factors, delivery related factors (place and mode of delivery, length of stay, distance from hospital and travel time) were associated with hidden costs. Hidden costs can be a critical factor for many poor and remote households who attend the hospital for delivery. Current remuneration (10 15 USD for normal delivery, 30 USD for complicated delivery and 70 USD for caesarean section delivery) for maternity incentive needs to account the hidden costs by increasing it to 250 USD for normal delivery and 350 USD for C section. Decentralization of the obstetric care to remote and under privileged population might reduce the economic burden of pregnant women and can facilitate their attendance at the health care centers.
The hidden costs of drug and alcohol use in hospital emergency departments.
Venue: Drug and alcohol review

This study estimates the burden of drug and alcohol morbidity on hospitals in New South Wales (NSW) by observing a multi site collective sample utilising survey information and data linkage. Specifically we aimed to determine the prevalence of alcohol and other drug (AOD) problems and to estimate patterns of utilisation of hospital services, costs of presentations, and admissions for patients with AOD problems.  Patients were recruited from eight NSW public hospitals presenting to the hospital emergency department over a 10 day period. Participants completed a self administered survey with demographic characteristics and questions about substance use. More than two thirds (68% of participants consented to provide access to their NSW Health medical data for a period spanning 2.5 years.  One third (35% of the total sample were identified as having problematic AOD use with one in five of these patients requiring a high level of intervention. Those patients requiring a high level of intervention present more often and cost more per presentation. If admitted they were more likely to have longer stays and were also more likely to be admitted to a psychiatric ward and have a longer stay in the ward.  This study demonstrates a need for AOD interventions in the emergency department setting, both because it represents an opportunity for intervention in a population in which problems with substance use is highly prevalent, and because there is evidence that AOD imposes additional costs on the health system.
Abstractive Sentence Summarization with Attentive Recurrent Neural Networks
Venue: NAACL

Abstractive Sentence Summarization generates a shorter version of a given sentence while attempting to preserve its meaning. We introduce a conditional recurrent neural network (RNN) which generates a summary of an input sentence. The conditioning is provided by a novel convolutional attention based encoder which ensures that the decoder focuses on the appropriate input words at each step of generation. Our model relies only on learned features and is easy to train in an end to end fashion on large data sets. Our experiments show that the model significantly outperforms the recently proposed state of the art method on the Gigaword corpus while performing competitively on the DUC 2004 shared task.ive Sentence Summarization generates a shorter version of a given sentence while attempting to preserve its meaning. We introduce a conditional recurrent neural network (RNN) which generates a summary of an input sentence. The conditioning is provided by a novel convolutional attention based encoder which ensures that the decoder focuses on the appropriate input words at each step of generation. Our model relies only on learned features and is easy to train in an end to end fashion on large data sets. Our experiments show that the model significantly outperforms the recently proposed state of the art method on the Gigaword corpus while performing competitively on the DUC 2004 shared task.
The New Frontier in RAN Heterogeneity: Multi Tier Drone Cells
Venue: IEEE Communications Magazine

In cellular networks, the locations of the RAN elements are determined mainly based on the long term traffic behavior. However, when the random and hard to predict spatio temporal distribution of the traffic (load, demand) does not fully match the fixed locations of the RAN elements (supply) some performance degradation becomes inevitable. The concept of multi tier cells (heterogeneous networks, HetNets) has been introduced in 4G networks to alleviate this mismatch. However, as the traffic distribution deviates more and more from the long term average, even the HetNet architecture will have difficulty in coping with the erratic supply demand mismatch, unless the RAN is grossly over engineered (which is a financially non viable solution) In this article, we study the opportunistic utilization of low altitude unmanned aerial platforms equipped with BSs (i.e. drone BSs) in future wireless networks. In particular, we envisage a multi tier drone cell network complementing the terrestrial HetNets. The variety of equipment and non rigid placement options allow utilizing multi tier drone cell networks to serve diversified demands. Hence, drone cells bring the supply to where the demand is, which sets new frontiers for the heterogeneity in 5G networks. We investigate the advancements promised by dronecells and discuss the challenges associated with their operation and management. We propose a drone cell management framework (DMF) benefiting from the synergy among SDN, network functions virtualization, and cloud computing. We demonstrate DMF mechanisms via a case study, and numerically show that it can reduce the cost of utilizing drone cells in multi tenancy cellular networks.
History of Advertising in Pakistan

The purpose of this paper is to present a historical overview of advertising in Pakistan and highlight major developments within a particular era.  The author uses discourse analysis to present the dynamics in the marketplace that have changed the way advertising has been practiced in this region. It also includes experiences working with advertising professionals and academicians around the Pakistan.  The development and evolution of advertising have been extraordinary in Pakistan. Started as less than 1000 industry inflated to several billion dollars industry in just sixty four years. Over the period of time the advertising industry underwent different phases of evolution. These phases can be categorized on the bases of major socio political conditions prevailing in the country. First Era (1947 1964) Characterizes by small number of players in the newly formed advertising industry; very few businesses taking advantage of advertising techniques; advertising reach limiting to mainly urban geographic regions; advertising medium limited to print ads; Radio emerged as new promising advertising media. Second Era (1964 1978) Arrival of television stations made a drastic change in the existing advertising practices. The new visual messaging services seemed more attractive and effective source of communication. Third Era (1978 1988) New advertising ideologies took over the old ones. The color TV broadcast and classical jingles made it a vintage era.  New graphic technologies were used to facilitate the limited time frame concepts. Fifth Era (1998 2008) The rise of golden age witnessed modern advertising and visual effects. Industry growth increased 500 times with talents and man power. Sixth Era (2008 2010) Animations, Indian production and Indian celebrities highlighted the glamorous era. Global recession felt and low budgeted advertising industry tier produced low rate and below par advertisements. Based on their interests, users of this study have been classified into two distinct categories, i.e. academics and corporate users. Academics may find this research instrumental in their teachings and research activities. The corporate users may act as mentors for this research by sharing their relevant experience and may note lessons for their corporate practices.  After examining the literature, the researcher could not identify meaningful research on advertising in Pakistan and more specifically its history. To fill the gap this research salient features of advertising evolution in Pakistan.
Patch based alignment free generic sparse representation for pose robust face recognition
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

Sparse representation based classification method has been successfully applied to face recognition in recent years. However, it is still a problem in the scenario of pose variation in face recognition with single sample per person. In this paper, we propose a novel alignment free model, called Gabor based Partial Face Sparse Representation (GPFSR) to solve the problem of pose variation in face recognition with single sample per person by using partial face. In our method, we firstly locate five facial landmarks in different images. Then partial face is obtained, which is used to construct Gabor based local dictionary and compute the weights of each patch. Our classification principle is based on sparse representation. The experimental results on the Multi PIE and FERET show that GPFSR is robust to pose variation in FR with single sample per person.
Synthesis of PPG TDI BDO polyurethane and the influence of hard segment content on its structure and antifouling properties

Polyurethane have good anti protein adsorption properties, could be used as an antifouling material. In this study, a type of polyurethane antifouling coating was prepared using 2,4 toluene diisocyanate and 1,4 butanediol as the hard segment and polyether polyols as the soft segment. The influence of hard segment content on the chemical structure, mechanical properties, and surface properties of the coatings was investigated. Subsequently, the antifouling performance of the polyurethane coatings was investigated by benthic diatom adhesion and panel tests. The results showed that coating H40 (polyurethane coating with a hard segment content of 40 wt. exhibited the best antifouling property. The antifouling performance of the coatings was further examined by evaluating the surface changes occurring in the polyurethane coatings during immersion in seawater. In situ diiodomethane contact angle measurements were performed to monitor such changes. The oil contact angle results were consistent with the results of the panel test. The oil contact angle and antifouling property are both determined by the surface roughness, which is determined by the level of microphase separation in the polyurethane coatings.
Simulation of the structure and mechanics of crystalline 4,4' diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) with n butanediol (BDO) as chain extender

We report molecular simulation, at the atomistic level, of crystalline 4,4' diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) with n butanediol (BDO) as chain extender, henceforth denoted as MDI/BDO, which is one of the most important components of thermoplastic polyurethanes. This work studies the structure and properties of crystalline MDI/BDO at equilibrium and under deformation. An atomistic molecular model of the MDI/BDO unit cell was constructed from fractional coordinates available for related model compounds and space group symmetry, and bulk properties of the subsequently equilibrated crystal were estimated by molecular dynamics. Overall stress strain behavior of the crystal to small strains was simulated. The full stiffness matrix of crystalline MDI/BDO was extracted, allowing for the complete characterization of the linear elastic behavior of the crystal.
An integrated security testing framework for Secure Software Development Life Cycle
Venue: 2016 18th Asia Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium (APNOMS)

Hundreds of vulnerabilities and security defects are disclosed by hackers, developers, and users. The better way to improve software security is to enhance security process into SDLC processes. To keep software secure, security enhancement of the SDLC process involves lots of practices and activities to achieve goal of security. However, how to adopt these activities well to improve software security is an important problem. In this paper, we propose an integrated security testing framework for secure software development life cycle. In our proposed framework, we apply security activities and practices of SSDLC to generate security guidelines. Furthermore, we integrate security testing tools as a platform to provide testing service and converge testing results of tools to improve accurate of test. To evaluate our proposed framework, we construct the prototype system by referring phases of framework. Our system can integrate various security testing tools and support secure activities in each phase of SSDLC. We had applied our system to at least 50 software developing projects. The results indicate that our prototype system can provide quality and stable service.
A Right to Disclose: LGBTQ Youth Representation in Data, Science, and Policy.
Venue: Advances in child development and behavior

There has been growing attention to sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) in child and adolescent development, public discourse, and research. A strong tension is clear: The right for participation, and thus representation in data, science, and policy, is often understood as conflicting with the right for protection, that is, safety from disclosure of a marginalized orientation or identity. Both participation and protection rights are also closely tied to young people's rights to privacy (or lack thereof) We review recent scholarship on SOGI in developmental sciences in light of this tension. We focus on schooling as a salient developmental context for all youth, a place that is historically unsafe for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth, and a context where researchers have identified gaps of knowledge as well as strategies for improvement. Our review focuses on the politics and processes of SOGI inclusion in education data collection efforts in the United States, an area where SOGI data collection is scarce in comparison to other systems of care, such as health. We suggest that one solution to the dilemma would be that youth have the right to disclose their SOGI information to whom and when they choose. We offer strategies on how to hold these tensions in balance and move toward SOGI inclusive research and data collection so that LGBTQ youth can be represented in data, science, and policy.
Le logarithme discret dans les corps finis

La cryptologie consiste en l'etude des techniques utilisees par deux entites pour communiquer en secret en presence d'une troisieme. Les proprietes mathematiques qui sous tendent ces techniques garantissent que leur attaque reste infaisable en pratique par un adversaire malveillant. Ainsi, les protocoles s'appuient sur diverses hypotheses, comme la di fficulte presumee de factoriser des entiers ou de calculer le logarithme discret d'un element arbitraire dans certains groupes. Cette these qui porte sur le probleme du logarithme discret dans les corps finis s'articule autour de trois volets.Nous exposons les resultats theoriques associes au probleme sans consideration du groupe cible, detaillant ainsi les classes de complexite auxquelles il appartient ainsi que di fferentes approches pour tenter de le resoudre.L'etude du probleme dans les corps finis commence en tant que telle par les corps presentant une caracteristique de petite taille relativement a l'ordre total du corps en question. Cette seconde partie resulte sur l'exposition d'un algorithme par representation de Frobenius dont une application a aboutit au record actuel de calcul de logarithme discret en caracteristique 3.Pour les corps de moyenne ou grande caracteristiques, une autre methode est requise. Le crible par corps de nombres (NFS) multiples obtient les complexites asymptotiques les plus basses pour un corps arbitraire. Un dernier chapitre introduit la notion de matrice presque creuse. L'elaboration d'un nouvel algorithme specifique qui explicite le noyau d'une telle matrice facilite en pratique l'etape d'algebre sous jacente a toute variante de NFS.
FINGER VEIN FEATURE EXTRACTION USING DISCRETIZATION

Finger vein is a promising biometric pattern for personal identification due to its high security over other biometric identification techniques. Compared with other biometrics such as fingerprint, face and iris, finger vein patterns exhibits universality, uniqueness, permanence and measurability characteristic. Furthermore, finger vein is a living body identification which means that only vein in living finger can be captured and used for identification. The standard practice of various research works in finger vein identification focuses on feature extraction and classification process. However, the selection of meaningful features is highly depends on the early pre processing stage. Acquiring useful features from finger vein in order to reflect the identity of the individual is the main issues for identification. This research aims at improving the scheme of finger vein identification based on Maximum Curvature Directional Feature (MCDF) discretization where it is a combination of Maximum Curvature Points feature extraction method and Directional based feature extraction method. Discretization is adopted for systematically represented extracted features from MCDF for identification purposed. Experimental results show that the performance of the proposed methods is above 90%