nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Remembering me: big data, individual identity, and the psychological necessity of forgetting
Venue: Ethics and Information Technology

Each of us has a personal narrative: a story that defines us, and one that we tell about ourselves to our inner and outer worlds. A strong sense of identity is rooted in a personal narrative that has coherence and correspondence (Conway in J Mem Lang 53:594 628, 2005) coherence in the sense that the story we tell is consistent with and supportive of our current version of 'self' and correspondence in the sense that the story reflects the contents of autobiographical memory and the meaning of our experiences. These goals are achieved by a reciprocal interaction of autobiographical memory and the self, in which memories consistent with the self image are reinforced, in turn strengthening the self image they reflect. Thus, personal narratives depend crucially on the malleable nature of autobiographical memory: a strong sense of self requires that one remember what matters, and forget what does not. Today, anyone who is active online generates a highly detailed, ever expanding, and permanent digital biographical 'memory' memory that identifies where we go, what we say, who we see, and what we do in increasing detail as our physical lives become more and more enmeshed with electronic devices capable of recording our communications, online activities, movements, and even bodily functions. This paper explores the consequences of this digital record for identity, arguing that it presents a challenge to our ability to construct our own personal narratives narratives that are central to a sense of 'self' In the end, the 'right to be forgotten' may be, above all else, a psychological necessity that is core to identity and therefore a value that we must ensure is protected.
Design of experiment course "Computer aided landscape design" based on flipped classroom
Venue: Comput. Appl. Eng. Educ.

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a traditional lecture based curriculum versus a modified "flipped classroom" curriculum of "computer aided landscape design" delivered to the second year undergraduate students. Students in both courses were provided the same notes and recorded lectures. Students in the modified flipped classroom were distributed the teaching case so that they can produce the effect diagram according to their own ideas before class and then attend class, discussing and trying to solve problems they met. In the traditional curriculum, the students were only asked to prepare a new lesson while the case was not distributed. Within a comparable group of graduate students, participants in the flipped class scored significantly higher (P 0.05) on the "computer aided landscape design" by an average of >3 percentage points. The scores of learning attitude and learning motivation of the test group is significantly higher than that of controlled group (P 0.05) According to our experience and surveys on students, we propose that the teaching cases made by the students before class are critical motivating factors which are likely to help student study. Independently taken together, our findings suggest that the flipped classroom model is a highly effective means which improves the undergraduates' skills of making effect charts.
The Impact of Directed Lending Programs on the Credit Access of Small Businesses in India: A Firm level Study

This paper studies the impact of a policy package aimed at increasing access to bank credit of small firms at the national level in India. In 2006, the Government of India expanded the pool of small firms eligible for directed credit under a nation wide credit program, by changing the criterion that determined the small business status of firms across all industries. Exploiting the expansion in the pool of small firms eligible for directed lending, I analyze the crowding out of previously eligible firms by recently eligible firms. I also study the growth in credit experienced by small firms from sources other than bank credit. I find that recently eligible firms not only disproportionately increased their bank credit stock relative to previously eligible firms, but also increased borrowings from other sources of credit. In other words, I find no evidence of substitution of other forms of credit with bank loans for recently eligible firms.
Cinema audiences reproducibly vary the chemical composition of air during films, by broadcasting scene specific emissions on breath
Venue: Scientific reports

Human beings continuously emit chemicals into the air by breath and through the skin. In order to determine whether these emissions vary predictably in response to audiovisual stimuli, we have continuously monitored carbon dioxide and over one hundred volatile organic compounds in a cinema. It was found that many airborne chemicals in cinema air varied distinctively and reproducibly with time for a particular film, even in different screenings to different audiences. Application of scene labels and advanced data mining methods revealed that specific film events, namely "suspense" or "comedy" caused audiences to change their emission of specific chemicals. These event type synchronous, broadcasted human chemosignals open the possibility for objective and non invasive assessment of a human group response to stimuli by continuous measurement of chemicals in air. Such methods can be applied to research fields such as psychology and biology, and be valuable to industries such as film making and advertising.
Cinema Studies The Key Concepts

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Queer Cinema in the World

Proposing a radical vision of cinema's queer globalism, Karl Schoonover and Rosalind Galt explore how queer filmmaking intersects with international sexual cultures, geopolitics, and aesthetics to disrupt dominant modes of world making. Whether in its exploration of queer cinematic temporality, the paradox of the queer popular, or the deviant ecologies of the queer pastoral, Schoonover and Galt reimagine the scope of queer film studies. The authors move beyond the gay art cinema canon to consider a broad range of films from Chinese lesbian drama and Swedish genderqueer documentary to Bangladeshi melodrama and Bolivian activist video. Schoonover and Galt make a case for the centrality of queerness in cinema and trace how queer cinema circulates around the globe institutionally via film festivals, online consumption, and human rights campaigns, but also affectively in the production of a queer sensorium. In this account, cinema creates a uniquely potent mode of queer worldliness, one that disrupts normative ways of being in the world and forges revised modes of belonging.
Assistencia em Enfermagem e Jean Watson: Uma reflexao sobre a empatia

Relacionar a empatia com a Teoria do Cuidado Humano, de Jean Watson, no contexto atual da Enfermagem.  Trata se de um ensaio teorico reflexivo que propoe uma discussao acerca da empatia e sua relacao com a Teoria do Cuidado Humano, de Jean Watson, na pratica contemporanea da Enfermagem.  E apresentado o processo Clinical Caritas e cada elemento de cuidado que o compoe visando propor e discutir as conexoes com a empatia na assistencia em Enfermagem. Torna se imperioso aliar aspectos tecnicos e humanisticos na oferta do cuidado de Enfermagem, alem de resgatar a valorizacao da abordagem da empatia na formacao de profissionais da saude, bem como na continuidade dos estudos apos a graduacao. Conclusao: Entende se que essa reflexao pode contribuir para a reorganizacao de ideias e conceitos sobre aprimoramentos essenciais que se mostram necessarios a pratica atual da Enfermagem, alem de reforcar seu crescimento enquanto ciencia.
Jean Claude Gardin on Archaeological Data, Representation and Knowledge: Implications for Digital Archaeology

This paper presents Jean Claude Gardin's distinctive approach to archaeological data, representation and knowledge in the context of his early engagement with semiotics and structural semantics and his grounding in fields as diverse as documentation, classification theory, material culture studies, argumentation theory and the philosophy of the human sciences. Pointing at Gardin's ambivalence vis a vis the promises of automated classification and machine reasoning in archaeology, it shows that his approach goes beyond a normative, positivist conception of archaeological research, recognizing the contextual, theory laden nature of archaeological data constitution, the priority of focusing on actual archaeological interpretation practices and the complementarity between narrative and formal representations of archaeological reasoning. It connects his early development of archaeological descriptive and typological metalanguages with his later elaboration of a theoretically informed approach to archaeological argumentation, analysis and publication, situates his logicist programme as a relevant contribution to the development of an archaeological "theory of practice" grounded on reflexivity and modesty vis a vis the possibility of knowledge and the limits of scientism, and highlights aspects of Gardin's work that point to potentially fruitful directions for contemporary research and practice in the field of archaeological informatics and digital humanities communication.
Nursing assistance and Jean Watson: a reflection on empathy

To relate the empathy with the Theory of the Human Care, from Jean Watson, in the current context of Nursing.  Theoretical and reflective essay that proposes a discussion about empathy and its relation with the theory of the human care.  It is presented the Clinical Caritas process and each element of care, in order to propose and discuss the connections with empathy in Nursing care. It is imperative to combine technical and humanistic care in the care offered, in addition to rescue the appreciation of the approach of empathy in the training of health professionals, as well as the continuation of the studies after graduation.  This process can contribute to the reorganization of the ideas and concepts about essential advances that are necessary to the current practice of Nursing.
Understanding online safety behaviors: A protection motivation theory perspective
Venue: Comput. Secur.

Internet users experience a variety of online security threats that require them to enact safety precautions. Protection motivation theory (PMT) provides a theoretical framework for understanding Internet users' security protection that has informed past research. Ongoing research on online safety recommends new motivational factors that are integrated here in a PMT framework for the first time. Using PMT, a cross sectional survey (N??988) of Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) users was conducted to examine how classical and new PMT factors predicted security intentions. Coping appraisal variables were the strongest predictors of online safety intentions, especially habit strength, response efficacy, and personal responsibility. Threat severity was also a significant predictor. Incorporating additional factors (i.e. prior experiences, subjective norms, habit strength, perceived security support, and personal responsibility) into the conventional PMT model increased the model's explanatory power by 15% Findings are discussed in relation to advancing PMT within the context of online security for home computer users.
Impact of Users' Security Awareness on Desktop Security Behavior: A Protection Motivation Theory Perspective
Venue: Inf. Syst. Manag.

This article uses the protection motivation theory to study the impact of information security awareness on desktop security behavior. It contributes to the literature by examining the roles played by awareness, an important antecedent to the cognitive processes in the protection motivation theory. The findings indicate that security awareness significantly affects perceived severity, response efficacy, self efficacy, and response cost. Constructs in the coping appraisal process (except response cost) in turn, significantly impact recommended security behavior.
Testing the reproductive and somatic trade off in female Columbian ground squirrels
Venue: Ecology and evolution

Energetic trade offs in resource allocation form the basis of life history theory, which predicts that reproductive allocation in a given season should negatively affect future reproduction or individual survival. We examined how allocation of resources differed between successful and unsuccessful breeding female Columbian ground squirrels to discern any effects of resource allocation on reproductive and somatic efforts. We compared the survival rates, subsequent reprodction, and mass gain of successful breeders (females that successfully weaned young) and unsuccessful breeders (females that failed to give birth or wean young) and investigated "carryover" effects to the next year. Starting capital was an important factor influencing whether successful reproduction was initiated or not, as females with the lowest spring emergence masses did not give birth to a litter in that year. Females that were successful and unsuccessful at breeding in one year, however, were equally likely to be successful breeders in the next year and at very similar litter sizes. Although successful and unsuccessful breeding females showed no difference in over winter survival, females that failed to wean a litter gained additional mass during the season when they failed. The next year, those females had increased energy "capital" in the spring, leading to larger litter sizes. Columbian ground squirrels appear to act as income breeders that also rely on stored capital to increase their propensity for future reproduction. Failed breeders in one year "prepare" for future reproduction by accumulating additional mass, which is "carried over" to the subsequent reproductive season.
Fitness implications of seasonal climate variation in Columbian ground squirrels
Venue: Ecology and evolution

The influence of climate change on the fitness of wild populations is often studied in the context of the spring onset of the reproductive season. This focus is relevant for climate influences on reproductive success, but neglects other fitness relevant periods (e.g. autumn preparation for overwintering) We examined variation in climate variables (temperature, rainfall, snowfall, and snowpack) across the full annual cycle of Columbian ground squirrels (Urocitellus columbianus) for 21 years. We investigated seasonal climate variables that were associated with fitness variables, climate variables that exhibited directional changes across the study period, and finally observed declines in fitness 0.03 units/year; total decline 37% that were associated with directional changes in climate variables. Annual fitness of adult female ground squirrels was positively associated with spring temperature (r 0.69) and early summer rainfall (r 0.56) and negatively associated with spring snow conditions (r 0.44 to 0.66) Across the 21 years, spring snowmelt has become significantly delayed (r 0.48) and summer rainfall became significantly reduced (r 0.53) Using a standardized partial regression model, we found that directional changes in the timing of spring snowmelt and early summer rainfall (i.e. progressively drier summers) had moderate influences on annual fitness, with the latter statistically significant (r 0.314 and 0.437, respectively) The summer period corresponds to prehibernation fattening of young and adult ground squirrels. Had we focused on a single point in time (viz. the onset of the breeding season) we would have underestimated the influences of climate change on our population. Rather, we obtained a comprehensive understanding of the influences of climate change on individual fitness by investigating the full lifecycle.
Faktor Faktor Internal Individual Dalam Pembuatan Keputusan Etis: Studi Pada Konsultan Pajak Di Kota Surabaya

This study aims to examine the influence of individual factors (perception of the importance of ethical and social responsibility; machiavellianism; ethical reasoning) toward ethical decision making of tax consultants. This study used 50 tax consultants as the study samples in Tax Consultant Office in Surabaya. The method of data analysis using regression analysis. This study reveals perception of the importance of ethical and social responsibility have positive influence toward ethical decision making by tax consultant, machiavellianism have negative influence toward ethical decision making by tax consultant and ethical reasoning have positive imfluence toward ethical decision making. The implication of this study is a person who has a high perception of the importance of ethical and responsibility supporting that person to conduct ethical decision making. The General Director of Taxation or the official which is delegated in issuing tax practical license needed to conduct a machiavellianism trait test from tax consultant itself. Besides, it also takes to be ensured that the tax consultant who have had the licence is an individual who has a high moral maturity (post conventional stage) so that the possibilities will be less to approve the non ethical act and more independent in decision making which is related to ethical dilemma.
Generalized BROOF L2R: A General Framework for Learning to Rank Based on Boosting and Random Forests
Venue: SIGIR

The task of retrieving information that really matters to the users is considered hard when taking into consideration the current and increasingly amount of available information. To improve the effectiveness of this information seeking task, systems have relied on the combination of many predictors by means of machine learning methods, a task also known as learning to rank (L2R) The most effective learning methods for this task are based on ensembles of tress (e.g. Random Forests) and/or boosting techniques (e.g. RankBoost, MART, LambdaMART) In this paper, we propose a general framework that smoothly combines ensembles of additive trees, specifically Random Forests, with Boosting in a original way for the task of L2R. In particular, we exploit out of bag samples as well as a selective weight updating strategy (according to the out of bag samples) to effectively enhance the ranking performance. We instantiate such a general framework by considering different loss functions, different ways of weighting the weak learners as well as different types of weak learners. In our experiments our rankers were able to outperform all state of the art baselines in all considered datasets, using just a small percentage of the original training set and faster convergence rates.
Exploring ELF in Japanese academic and business contexts conceptualization, research and pedagogic implications

Preface 1.  Researching ELF in academic and business contexts Kumiko Murata Part 1: Conceptualizing ELF 2.  English in a global context Barbara Seidlhofer 3. English as a Global Lingua Franca: Changing language in changing global academia Anna Mauranen 4. The Unmarking Trend in Language Changes and its Implications for English as a Lingua Franca Yasukata Yano Part 2: ELF and its Research in Academic Contexts 5.  Use in Academic Discourse in English as Lingua Franca Juliane House 6. The Use of Unmitigated Disagreement in ELF Casual Conversation: Ensuring mutual understanding by providing correct information Mayu Konakahara 7. Analyzing Interruption Sequences in ELF Discussions Keiko Tsuchiya 8. Dynamics of ELF Communication in an English medium Academic Context  From EFL learners to ELF users Masakazu Iino and Kumiko Murata Part 3: ELF from Business and Wider Research Perspectives 9. English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) in International Business Contexts: Key issues and future perspectives Susanne Ehrenreich 10. 'Language is only a tool' Japanese expatriates working in China and implications for language teaching Ryuko Kubota 11. English Language Skills that Companies Need: Responses from a large scale survey Hajime Terauchi and Tamao Araki 12. Attention please! A linguistic soundscape/landscape analysis of ELF information provision in public transport in Tokyo Peter Backhaus Part 4: Competence and Capability: Rethinking the English subject H. G. Widdowson 14. Large scale Assessments of English for Academic Purposes from the Perspective of English as a Lingua Franca Yasuyo Sawaki 15. Using Pragmatic Strategies for Effective ELF Communication: The relevance classroom practice Jagdish Kaur
Experimental observation of front propagation in lugiato lefever equation in a negative diffractive regime and inhomogeneous kerr cavity

A driven resonator with focusing Kerr nonlinearity shows stable localized structures in a region far from modulational instability. The stabilization mechanism is based on front interaction in bistable regime with an inhomogeneous injected field. The experimental setup consist of a focusing Kerr resonator filled with a liquid crystal and operates in negative optical diffraction regime. Engineering diffraction is an appealing challenging topic in relation with left handed materials. We solve the visible range of current left handed materials to show that localized structures in a focusing Kerr Fabry Perot cavity submitted to negative optical feedback are propagating fronts between two stable states. We evidenced analytically, numerically, and experimentally that these fronts stop due to the spatial inhomogeneity induced by the laser Gaussian forcing, which changes spatially the relativity stability between the connected states.
Rotating Waves in a Model of Delayed Feedback Optical System with Diffraction

We study a delayed parabolic functional differential equation on a circle that is coupled with an initial value problem for the Schrodinger equation. Such equations arise as models of nonlinear optical systems with a timedelayed feedback loop, when diffusion of molecular excitation and diffraction are taken into account. The goal of this paper is to prove the existence of spatially inhomogeneous rotating wave solutions bifurcating from homogeneous equilibria. We pass to a rotating coordinate system and seek an inhomogeneous solution to an ordinary functional differential equation. We find the solution in the form of a small parameter expansion and explicitly compute the first order coefficients. We also provide examples of parameters that satisfy the constraints imposed throughout the analysis.