nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Stress hormones and posttraumatic stress symptoms following paediatric critical illness: an exploratory study
Venue: European Child Adolescent Psychiatry

In this exploratory case control study, we investigated basal cortisol regulation in 5 16 year old children, 3 6 months following PICU (paediatric intensive care) admission. This was nested within a study of child psychological and cognitive function; 47 children were assessed alongside 56 healthy controls. Saliva samples were collected three times per day (immediately after waking, waking +30 min, and waking +12 h) over two consecutive weekdays. In addition, data on posttraumatic stress symptoms were ascertained from 33 PICU admitted children using the Impact of Events Scale 8 (IES 8) Primary analysis revealed no significant differences in basal cortisol concentrations between PICU discharged children and healthy controls (p 0.05) Secondary analysis in the PICU group identified a significant positive association between posttraumatic stress symptoms and evening (waking +12 h) cortisol concentrations (p 0.004) However, when subject to multivariate analysis, evening cortisol was a modest independent predictor of IES 8 scores, relative to the presence of septic illness and poor pre morbid health. We conclude that paediatric critical illness does not appear to result in marked perturbations to basal cortisol at 3 6 month following discharge. There was evidence of a link between evening cortisol and symptoms of PTSD, but this was not a robust effect and requires further elucidation.
Study on the Effects of Individualized Learning Therapy on Cognitive Function and Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in the Institutionalized Older Adults.
Venue: The journal of nursing research JNR

The increasing number of elderly people affected by dementia in Taiwan has made dementia care a crucial issue of concern. This issue is particularly important in terms of the proper management of behavioral symptoms and improvement of the cognitive functions of those affected by this disease.  This study examined the effects of individualized learning therapy on cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms among elderly people with dementia.  A quasi experimental, pretest posttest research design was adopted. We recruited elderly people with dementia at the only two institutions for elderly patients with dementia in Central Taiwan. These institutions were assigned randomly as the experimental or control group, with totals of 23 and 21 participants, respectively. The participants in the experimental group received individualized learning therapy for 30 minutes twice weekly for 3 months. The comparison group received usual care only. The cognitive function and neuropsychiatric symptoms of all participants were measured using the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) before the start of and immediately after the 12 week intervention and the Chinese version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (CNPI) which was administered once per week during the intervention. Independent t tests (or Mann Whitney U tests) chi square tests (or Fisher's exact tests) paired t test, and generalized estimating equations were used for data analysis.  Participants in the experimental group had significantly higher MMSE scores (p .01) and lower CNPI scores (p .01) than their comparison group peers after the intervention. Furthermore, the neuropsychiatric symptoms in the experimental group such as hallucinations, bizarre behavior, depression, apathetic expression, irritability, and sleep disorder had significantly improved by the seventh week.  PRACTICE Individualized learning therapy may be an effective approach to improve cognitive function and reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms among older people with dementia. Therefore, future clinical application is warranted.
Alcohol Branded Merchandise Ownership and Drinking
Venue: Pediatrics

Alcohol branded merchandise (ABM) has a longer shelf life than other forms of alcohol marketing and the potential to become integrated into children's self identities.  This review sought to explore the current literature on children's exposure to, and the impact of, ABM.  PsycInfo, Proquest, Science Direct, and ABI Inform databases were searched from the earliest available date to May 2015. Additional studies were identified by a manual review of the reference lists of retrieved articles and contacting the corresponding author of each included study.  Articles that reported on child or adolescent ownership of ABM and/or the relationship between ABM ownership and drinking were included.  Data on key measures were tabulated; where data of interest were not reported, requests for further information were sent to the articles' authors.  Nine cross sectional and 4 longitudinal studies were identified. ABM ownership ranged from 11% to 59% and was higher among older children and males. Seven cross sectional studies reported associations between ABM ownership and drinking related behaviors. All 4 longitudinal studies reported a significant relationship between ownership at baseline and drinking initiation at follow up.  The small number of available studies, with different measures of ABM ownership and of associations/effects.  The few studies exploring ABM ownership are consistent in showing high rates of ownership and associations between ownership and current and future drinking. There is a need for further research into specific aspects of ABM ownership. However, there is also a need for policy interventions to reduce children's access to and ownership of ABM.
Alcohol branded merchandise: association with Australian adolescents' drinking and parent attitudes.
Venue: Health promotion international

There is growing evidence that young people own alcohol branded merchandise (ABM) and that ownership influences their drinking intentions and behaviours. However, there is a paucity of research on parents' knowledge or attitudes in relation to ownership of ABM. Study 1 (n 210) identified high levels of ownership of ABM and associations between ABM and drinking attitudes and behaviours. In Study 2, focus groups with Australian parents found that they were aware of ABM and many had items of ABM in their home but they had generally not engaged in consideration of the potential impact on their children. They clearly perceived ABM as advertising and, on reflection, acknowledged that this form of marketing may influence children's decisions about drinking. There is a need to raise parental awareness of the effects of ABM and to endeavour to reduce children's exposure to this influential form of alcohol marketing.
The theory of planned behaviour and intention of purchase sport team licensed merchandise

The purpose of this paper is to predict intentions to purchase sport team licensed merchandise (STLM) using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) Design/methodology/approach Three constructs of the TPB such as attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were used to predict purchase intention of STLM. In an effort to increase the level of prediction, additional elements past behavior and role identity were included. A total of 384 university students participated in the survey.  The results indicated that attitude, subjective norms, and PBC accounted for 64 percent of the variance in purchase intention of STLM. Past behavior and role identity explained an additional 9.3 percent of the variance in purchase intentions. Past behavior was the strongest predictor of purchase intention.  The results showed the efficacy of the TPB in predicting purchase intentions of STLM.
Seeding approach to crystal nucleation.
Venue: The Journal of chemical physics

We present a study of homogeneous crystal nucleation from metastable fluids via the seeding technique for four different systems: mW water, Tosi Fumi NaCl, Lennard Jones, and Hard Spheres. Combining simulations of spherical crystal seeds embedded in the metastable fluid with classical nucleation theory, we are able to successfully describe the nucleation rate for all systems in a wide range of metastability. The crystal fluid interfacial free energy extrapolated to coexistence conditions is also in good agreement with direct calculations of such parameter. Our results show that seeding is a powerful technique to investigate crystal nucleation.
Opening Government Procurement to International Competition in the Asia Pacific Region: Impact of the Transpacific Partnership

The Trans Pacific Partnership 'TPP' is the world's largest regional trade agreement. As a complex multi theme agreement, among many other issues, the TPP also covers government procurement. While the TPP on the whole will not bring about a Copernican revolution in terms actual trade liberalisation and market access, the TPP procurement chapter will, however, bring about a huge change in terms of opening TPP parties' government procurement markets to foreign competition.Prior to the TPP, among the TPP parties, only the US, Canada Japan and Singapore have been long standing parties to the WTO Government procurement Agreement 'GPA' Apart from that, the scope of other public procurement liberalising international trade commitments has been very limited in South East Asia region and among TPP signatories from South America, with only North American TPP signatories having their public procurement markets previously integrated under the North American Free Trade Agreement 'NAFTA' Public procurement relevant commitments within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations 'ASEAN' have been very limited and unclear whereas procurement rules agreed by members of the Asia Pacific Economic Co operation 'APEC' have been non binding only. A larger scale liberalisation of public procurement markets in the Transpacific dimension did not gain a momentum until (i) the conclusion of the Trans Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership 'TSEP' or 'P4' being the TPP's predecessor, and (ii) subsequent proliferation of the bilateral trade agreements directly preceding the conclusion of the TPP.Procedural provisions imposed by the TPP procurement chapter virtually copy provisions of the GPA with minor modifications only, and this convergence implies that also the determination of the TPP procurement chapter's coverage in principle emulates solutions of the GPA model (with lists of covered procurers, goods, services and construction services as well as value thresholds, along averaged scope of country specific commitments) Major deficiencies of the TPP procurement chapter's coverage can be seen in some countries' refusal to cover sub central procurers (in the case of Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, United States and Vietnam) and utilities services (in the case of Canada Mexico, Vietnam) as well as in extremely long transition period (in some cases in excess of twenty years) for decreasing contract value thresholds of the TPP procurement chapter's application to standard levels (in the case of Malaysia and Vietnam).In terms of allowed non commercial considerations in public procurement process, the TPP procurement chapter greenlights the pursuit of sustainability related goals to an even greater extent than under the GPA. At the same time, country specific derogations accommodate extensive traditional industrial/protectionist policies, for example by allowing significant set asides from obligations under the TPP procurement chapter (in the case of Mexico and Vietnam)
The management of diabetic foot: A clinical practice guideline by the Society for Vascular Surgery in collaboration with the American Podiatric Medical Association and the Society for Vascular Medicine.
Venue: Journal of vascular surgery

Diabetes mellitus continues to grow in global prevalence and to consume an increasing amount of health care resources. One of the key areas of morbidity associated with diabetes is the diabetic foot. To improve the care of patients with diabetic foot and to provide an evidence based multidisciplinary management approach, the Society for Vascular Surgery in collaboration with the American Podiatric Medical Association and the Society for Vascular Medicine developed this clinical practice guideline.  The committee made specific practice recommendations using the Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. This was based on five systematic reviews of the literature. Specific areas of focus included (1) prevention of diabetic foot ulceration, (2) off loading, (3) diagnosis of osteomyelitis, (4) wound care, and (5) peripheral arterial disease.  Although we identified only limited high quality evidence for many of the critical questions, we used the best available evidence and considered the patients' values and preferences and the clinical context to develop these guidelines. We include preventive recommendations such as those for adequate glycemic control, periodic foot inspection, and patient and family education. We recommend using custom therapeutic footwear in high risk diabetic patients, including those with significant neuropathy, foot deformities, or previous amputation. In patients with plantar diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) we recommend off loading with a total contact cast or irremovable fixed ankle walking boot. In patients with a new DFU, we recommend probe to bone test and plain films to be followed by magnetic resonance imaging if a soft tissue abscess or osteomyelitis is suspected. We provide recommendations on comprehensive wound care and various debridement methods. For DFUs that fail to improve >50% wound area reduction) after a minimum of 4 weeks of standard wound therapy, we recommend adjunctive wound therapy options. In patients with DFU who have peripheral arterial disease, we recommend revascularization by either surgical bypass or endovascular therapy.  Whereas these guidelines have addressed five key areas in the care of DFUs, they do not cover all the aspects of this complex condition. Going forward as future evidence accumulates, we plan to update our recommendations accordingly.
Prevention and management of foot problems in diabetes: a Summary Guidance for Daily Practice 2015, based on the IWGDF Guidance Documents
Venue: Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews

In this 'Summary Guidance for Daily Practice' we describe the basic principles of prevention and management of foot problems in persons with diabetes. This summary is based on the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) Guidance 2015. There are five key elements that underpin prevention of foot problems: (1) identification of the at risk foot; (2) regular inspection and examination of the at risk foot; (3) education of patient, family and healthcare providers; (4) routine wearing of appropriate footwear; and (5) treatment of pre ulcerative signs. Healthcare providers should follow a standardized and consistent strategy for evaluating a foot wound, as this will guide further evaluation and therapy. The following items must be addressed: type, cause, site and depth, and signs of infection. There are seven key elements that underpin ulcer treatment: (1) relief of pressure and protection of the ulcer; (2) restoration of skin perfusion; (3) treatment of infection; (4) metabolic control and treatment of co morbidity; (5) local wound care; (6) education for patient and relatives; and (7) prevention of recurrence. Finally, successful efforts to prevent and manage foot problems in diabetes depend upon a well organized team, using a holistic approach in which the ulcer is seen as a sign of multi organ disease, and integrating the various disciplines involved.
Factors Influencing College Choice and Satisfaction among Students at Christian Colleges and Universities

Despite the trend of many Christian colleges and universities distancing themselves from the influences of their founding denomination, some students still desire to attend institutions that integrate faith and learning. This research uses a survey of students at thirty one Christian colleges and universities to explore their reasons for choosing to attend their college or university, and whether these reasons are related to students' satisfaction with their college experience. The findings from this analysis are discussed in light of their implications for faith based colleges and universities who seek to attract students who value the institution's religious identity.
Introduction to Anthocyanins

Anthocyanins are secondary plant metabolites and are chemically di or tri hydroxy B ring substituted flavonoids containing a flavylium cation. These are focus of much attention these days due to their vibrant colors and immunity boosting and health promoting effects mainly in ameloriating various cholesterol related and oxidation induced diseases. All of these mentioned functions, effects and activities of anthocyanins are due to their unique structure. Anthocyanins being water soluble pigments have high hydrogen bonding capacity. The OH groups on their sugar moieties, possible acyl groups and anthocyanindin imparts them hydrophilic characteristics. This chapter describes brief history of discovery of anthocyanins as well as detailed information on chemistry of anthocyanins. Various metabolites and intermediate products of anthocyanin metabolism and their chemistry have also been discussed.
Targeting tumor associated macrophages to combat pancreatic cancer
Venue: Oncotarget

The tumor microenvironment is replete with cells that evolve with and provide support to tumor cells during the transition to malignancy. The hijacking of the immune system in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment is suggested to contribute to the failure to date to produce significant improvements in pancreatic cancer survival by various chemotherapeutics. Regulatory T cells, myeloid derived suppressor cells, and fibroblasts, all of which constitute a complex ecology microenvironment, can suppress CD8+ T cells and NK cells, thus inhibiting effector immune responses. Tumor associated macrophages (TAM) are versatile immune cells that can express different functional programs in response to stimuli in tumor microenvironment at different stages of pancreatic cancer development. TAM have been implicated in suppression of anti tumorigenic immune responses, promotion of cancer cell proliferation, stimulation of tumor angiogenesis and extracellular matrix breakdown, and subsequent enhancement of tumor invasion and metastasis. Many emerging agents that have demonstrated efficacy in combating other types of tumors via modulation of macrophages in tumor microenvironments are, however, only marginally studied for pancreatic cancer prevention and treatment. A better understanding of the paradoxical roles of TAM in pancreatic cancer may pave the way to novel preventive and therapeutic approaches. Here we give an overview of the recruitment and differentiation of macrophages, TAM and pancreatic cancer progression and prognosis, as well as the potential preventive and therapeutic targets that interact with TAM for pancreatic cancer prevention and treatment.
Design and Flux Weakening Control of an Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Electric Vehicles
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) provide a competitive technology for EV traction drives owing to their high power density and high efficiency. In this paper, three types of interior PMSMs with different PM arrangements are modeled by the finite element method (FEM) For a given amount of permanent magnet materials, the V shape interior PMSM is found better than the U shape and the conventional rotor topologies for EV traction drives. Then the V shape interior PMSM is further analyzed with the effects of stator slot opening and the permanent magnet pole chamfering on cogging torque and output torque performance. A vector controlled flux weakening method is developed and simulated in Matlab to expand the motor speed range for EV drive system. The results show good dynamic and steady state performance with a capability of expanding speed up to four times of the rated. A prototype of the V shape interior PMSM is also manufactured and tested to validate the numerical models built by the FEM.
Reconnaissance d'activites humaines a partir de sequences multi cameras application a la detection de chute de personne. (Recognition of human activities based on multi camera sequences application to people fall detection)

La vision artificielle est un domaine de recherche en pleine evolution. Les nouvelles strategies permettent d'avoir des reseaux de cameras intelligentes. Cela induit le developpement de beaucoup d'applications de surveillance automatique via les cameras. Les travaux developpes dans cette these concernent la mise en place d'un systeme de videosurveillance intelligente pour la detection de chutes en temps reel. La premiere partie de nos travaux consiste a pouvoir estimer de facon robuste la surface d'une personne a partir de deux (02) cameras ayant des vues complementaires. Cette estimation est issue de la detection de chaque camera. Dans l'optique d'avoir une detection robuste, nous avons fait recours a deux approches. La premiere approche consiste a combiner un algorithme de detection de mouvements base sur la modelisation de l'arriere plan avec un algorithme de detection de contours. Une approche de fusion a ete proposee pour rendre beaucoup plus efficiente le resultat de la detection. La seconde approche est basee sur les regions homogenes de l'image. Une premiere segmentation est effectuee dans le but de determiner les regions homogenes de l'image. Et pour finir, nous faisons la modelisation de l'arriere plan en se basant sur les regions. Une fois les pixels de premier plan obtenu, nous faisons une approximation par un polygone dans le but de reduire le nombre d'informations a manipuler. Pour l'estimation de cette surface nous avons propose une strategie de fusion dans le but d'agreger les detections des cameras. Cette strategie conduit a determiner l'intersection de la projection des divers polygones dans le plan de masse. La projection est basee sur les principes de l'homographie planaire. Une fois l'estimation obtenue, nous avons propose une strategie pour detecter les chutes de personnes. Notre approche permet aussi d'avoir une information precise sur les differentes postures de l'individu. Les divers algorithmes proposes ont ete implementes et testes sur des banques de donnees publiques dans le but de juger l'efficacite des approches proposees par rapport aux approches existantes dans l'etat de l'art. Les resultats obtenus et qui ont ete detailles dans le present manuscrit montrent l'apport de nos algorithmes.