nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Microsimulation of Demand and Supply of Autonomous Mobility On Demand

Agent based models have gained wide acceptance in transportation planning because with increasing computational power, large scale people centric mobility simulations are possible. Several modeling efforts have been reported in the literature on the demand side (with sophisticated activity based models that focus on an individual's day activity patterns) and on the supply side (with detailed representation of network dynamics through simulation based dynamic traffic assignment models) This paper proposes an extension to a state of the art integrated agent based demand and supply model SimMobility for the design and evaluation of autonomous vehicle systems. SimMobility integrates various mobility sensitive behavioral models in a multiple time scale structure comprising three simulation levels: (a) a long term level that captures land use and economic activity, with special emphasis on accessibility; (b) a midterm level that handles agents' activities and travel patterns; and (c) a short term level that simulates movement of agents, operational systems, and decisions at a microscopic granularity. In that context, this paper proposes several extensions at the short term and midterm levels to model and simulate autonomous vehicle systems and their effects on travel behavior. To showcase these features, the first cut results of a hypothetical on demand service with autonomous vehicles in a car restricted zone of Singapore are presented. SimMobility was successfully used in an integrated manner to test and assess the performance of different autonomous vehicle fleet sizes and parking station configurations and to uncover changes in individual mobility patterns, specifically in regard to modal shares, routes, and destinations.
Image processing analysis on the air water slug two phase flow in a horizontal pipe

Slug flow is a part of intermittent flow which is avoided in industrial application because of its irregularity and high pressure fluctuation. Those characteristics cause some problems such as internal corrosion and the damage of the pipeline construction. In order to understand the slug characteristics, some of the measurement techniques can be applied such as wire mesh sensors, CECM, and high speed camera. The present study was aimed to determine slug characteristics by using image processing techniques. Experiment has been carried out in 26 mm i.d. acrylic horizontal pipe with 9 m long. Air water flow was recorded 5 m from the air water mixer using high speed video camera. Each of image sequence was processed using MATLAB. There are some steps including image complement, background subtraction, and image filtering that used in this algorithm to produce binary images. Special treatments also were applied to reduce the disturbance effect of dispersed bubble around the bubble. Furthermore, binary images w.
Measurements of translational slug velocity and slug length using an image processing technique

Slug flow is a common flow regime that occurs in various industries, such as oil, gas, and power generation industries. In this study, the mean slug translational velocity and slug liquid length were measured using Phantom 9.2 software and an image processing analysis technique. The adopted image processing technique involved the analysis of video frames recorded from a high speed camera (Phantom 9.2) in a horizontal transparent pipe using a combination of the approximate median method and blob analysis, along with an additional morphological process for detecting and segregating individual slugs. The experimental data were obtained from a designed two phase flow test section, in which sets of superficial water and air velocities were selected to generate numerous slug flows. A good agreement with a maximum deviation of 6.7% between the estimated slug parameters from the adopted technique and the Phantom cine view controller software was achieved. Additionally, the developed technique provided precise results with a high processing speed of 10 frames per second.
Chapter 7:Nanostructured Self cleaning Coating with Antireflection Properties

Self cleaning coatings have attracted more and more interest due to practical applications in the building of glass, solar cells modules, eye glasses and so on. However, the transmission may decrease due to more interfaces inserted between air and glass. Developing a self coating with high transmission is in demand. In this chapter, we have summarized the basic principles of a self cleaning and anti reflection thin film coating. The fabrication route of a self cleaning coating with anti reflection properties can be divided into two types: a bottom up route and a top down method. The bottom up route consists of growing the nanostructure on a glass substrate. The top down method is fabricating nanostructures on the substrate using physical or chemical etching.
Evidence of Chinese herbal medicine Duhuo Jisheng decoction for knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review of randomised clinical trials
Venue: BMJ Open

Duhuo Jisheng decoction (DJD) is considered beneficial for controlling knee osteoarthritis (KOA) related symptoms in some Asian countries. This review compiles the evidence from randomised clinical trials and quantifies the effects of DJD on KOA. Designs 7 online databases were investigated up to 12 October 2015. Randomised clinical trials investigating treatment of KOA for which DJD was used either as a monotherapy or in combination with conventional therapy compared to no intervention, placebo or conventional therapy, were included. The outcomes included the evaluation of functional activities, pain and adverse effect. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. The estimated mean difference (MD) and SMD was within a 95% CI with respect to interstudy heterogeneity.  with 982 participants were identified. The quality presented a high risk of bias. Meta analysis found that DJD combined with glucosamine (MD 4.20 (1.72 to 6.69) p<0.001) or DJD plus meloxicam and glucosamine (MD 3.48 (1.59 to 5.37) p<0.001) had a more significant effect in improving Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (total WOMAC scores) Also, meta analysis presented more remarkable pain improvement when DJD plus sodium hyaluronate injection (MD 0.89 (0.26 to 1.53) p=0.006) was used. These studies demonstrated that active treatment of DJD in combination should be practiced for at least 4 weeks. Information on the safety of DJD or comprehensive therapies was insufficient in few studies.  DJD combined with Western medicine or sodium hyaluronate injection appears to have benefits for KOA. However, the effectiveness and safety of DJD is uncertain because of the limited number of trials and low methodological quality. Therefore, practitioners should be cautious when applying DJD in daily practice. Future clinical trials should be well designed; more research is needed.
Transformation in Dang ki Healing: The Embodied Self and Perceived Legitimacy
Venue: Culture, medicine and psychiatry

Since spirit possession in mediumship and shamanism resembles psychotic symptoms, early researchers perceived spirit mediums and shamans as psychiatric patients whose psychopathology was culturally sanctioned. However, other researchers have not only challenged this assumption, but also proposed that spirit possession has transformative benefits. The idiom of spirit possession provides cultural meanings for spirit mediums and shamans to express and transform their personal experiences. The present case study focuses on dang ki healing, a form of Chinese mediumship practiced in Singapore, in which a deity possesses a human (i.e. dang ki) to offer aid to supplicants. This study seeks to explore whether involvement in dang ki healing is transformative; and if so, how the dang ki's transformation is related to his self and the perceived legitimacy of his mediumship. At a shrine, I interviewed 20 participants, including a male dang ki, 10 temple assistants, and nine clients. The results obtained were supportive of the therapeutic nature of spirit possession. First, there is a relationship between his self transformation and the perceived legitimacy of his mediumship. As his clients and community have recognized his spirit possession as genuine, and the healing power of his possessing god, he is able to make use of mediumship as a means for spiritual development. Second, he has developed his spirituality by internalizing his god's positive traits (e.g. compassion) Deities worshipped in dang ki healing can be conceptualized as ideal selves who represent a wide range of positive traits and moral values of Chinese culture. Thus, the possession of a deity is the embodiment of an ideal self. Finally, the dang ki's transformation may run parallel to his god's transformation. In Chinese religions, gods have to constantly develop their spirituality even though they are already gods. An understanding of the god's spiritual development further sheds light on the dang ki's self transformation.
From NoSQL Accumulo to NewSQL Graphulo: Design and utility of graph algorithms inside a BigTable database
Venue: 2016 IEEE High Performance Extreme Computing Conference (HPEC)

Google BigTable's scale out design for distributed key value storage inspired a generation of NoSQL databases. Recently the NewSQL paradigm emerged in response to analytic workloads that demand distributed computation local to data storage. Many such analytics take the form of graph algorithms, a trend that motivated the GraphBLAS initiative to standardize a set of matrix math kernels for building graph algorithms. In this article we show how it is possible to implement the GraphBLAS kernels in a BigTable database by presenting the design of Graphulo, a library for executing graph algorithms inside the Apache Accumulo database. We detail the Graphulo implementation of two graph algorithms and conduct experiments comparing their performance to two main memory matrix math systems. Our results shed insight into the conditions that determine when executing a graph algorithm is faster inside a database versus an external system in short, that memory requirements and relative I/O are critical factors.
A Multi modal Transportation Score to Evaluate Infrastructure Supply demand for Commuters

This research presents a novel multi modal transportation score for commuters bicycling or walking to transit stops. The score requires basic data necessary for its calculation, namely travel time information, population, employment and the transportation network for the considered modes within the multi modal context. The proposed score is validated with observations from data obtained for El Paso, Texas. A sensitivity analysis was carried out on transportation supply and demand assessment of multi modal transportation system for El Paso and its surrounding rural cities of Socorro, San Elizario, Horizon City, Vinton and Anthony. Results showed that the supply (multi modal transportation facility) for commuters do not meet the needs of the latent demand (population or employment) for most areas in El Paso and for all the five rural cities studied. The disparity between supply demand is mainly attributed to the poor last mile transport connectivity available to bicyclists and pedestrians around transit stops.
Peningkatan Keamanan Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (Scada) Pada Smart Grid Sebagai Infrastruktur Kritis

SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems as the control unit of the smart grid has been used in almost various industries around the world in terms of automation systems. Smart grid technology combines the energy infrastructure and telecommunications and Internet networks. The system provides the operational ease and efficiency in the industry. However, the system has a lot of vulnerabilities in information security aspects that can have a major impact for the industry and even the economy. This study tried to design in building a smart grid cyber security, it includes the strategies that must be done and the information security system architecture to be built. The study was conducted qualitative in depth interviews, focus group discussions and direct observation. Results of this research is the design strategy recommendations ddalam development of smart grid cyber security. Recommendation results of this study also intended as a suggestion making framework for smart grid cyber security as a reference implementation of the smart grid in Indonesia.
Wide Deep Learning for Recommender Systems
Venue: DLRS@RecSys

Generalized linear models with nonlinear feature transformations are widely used for large scale regression and classification problems with sparse inputs. Memorization of feature interactions through a wide set of cross product feature transformations are effective and interpretable, while generalization requires more feature engineering effort. With less feature engineering, deep neural networks can generalize better to unseen feature combinations through low dimensional dense embeddings learned for the sparse features. However, deep neural networks with embeddings can over generalize and recommend less relevant items when the user item interactions are sparse and high rank. In this paper, we present Wide Deep learning jointly trained wide linear models and deep neural networks to combine the benefits of memorization and generalization for recommender systems. We productionized and evaluated the system on Google Play, a commercial mobile app store with over one billion active users and over one million apps. Online experiment results show that Wide Deep significantly increased app acquisitions compared with wide only and deep only models. We have also open sourced our implementation in TensorFlow.
State of the Art, Trends and Future of Bluetooth Low Energy, Near Field Communication and Visible Light Communication in the Development of Smart Cities
Venue: Sensors

The current social impact of new technologies has produced major changes in all areas of society, creating the concept of a smart city supported by an electronic infrastructure, telecommunications and information technology. This paper presents a review of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Near Field Communication (NFC) and Visible Light Communication (VLC) and their use and influence within different areas of the development of the smart city. The document also presents a review of Big Data Solutions for the management of information and the extraction of knowledge in an environment where things are connected by an "Internet of Things" (IoT) network. Lastly, we present how these technologies can be combined together to benefit the development of the smart city.
Cloud based smart waste management for smart cities
Venue: 2016 IEEE 21st International Workshop on Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)

With the ever increasing population, urbanization, migration issues, and change in lifestyle, municipal solid waste generation levels are increasing significantly. Hence, waste management becomes a challenge faced not only by the developing nations, but also the developed and advanced countries. The overall waste management involves three main types of entities: 1) users who generate waste, 2) waste collectors/city admin. 3) stakeholders. Waste management directly effects the lifestyle, healthcare, environment, recycling and disposal, and several other industries. Current waste management trends are not sophisticated enough to achieve a robust and efficient waste management mechanism. It is very important to have a smart way of managing waste, so that not only the waste status is notified in time when to be collected, but also, all the stakeholders are made aware in timely fashion that what type of waste in what quantity is coming up at what particular time. This will not only help in attracting and identifying stakeholders, but also aids in creating more effective ways of recycling and minimizing waste also making the overall waste management more efficient and environment friendly. Keeping all this in mind, we propose a cloud based smart waste management mechanism in which the waste bins are equipped with sensors, capable of notifying their waste level status and upload the status to the cloud. The stakeholders are able to access the desired data from the cloud. Moreover, for city administration and waste management, it will be possible to do route optimization and select path for waste collection according to the statuses of waste bins in a metropolis, helping in fuel and time efficiency.
Business Model Generation A Handbook For Visionaries Game Changers And Challengers

The book entitled "Business Model Generation: A Handbook for visionaries, game changers and challengers" though written by Osterwalder and Pigneur (2010) was also co created by 470 practitioners from 45 countries. The book is thus a good example of how a global creative collaboration effort can contribute positively to the business and management literature and subsequently to the advancement of society (Alam and Hoque, 2010; Alam et al. 2010a, b) Consisting of five main chapters (Canvas, Patterns, Design, Strategy and Process) and two additional chapters Outlook and Afterword, "Business Model Generation" should be read by those motivated to "defy outmoded business models and design tomorrow's enterprises" (front cover) The objectives of the five main chapters in the book are as follows:
Two Graph Building Interior Representation for Emergency Response Applications

Nowadays, in a rapidly developing urban environment with bigger and higher public buildings, disasters causing emergency situations and casualties are unavoidable. Preparedness and quick response are crucial issues saving human lives. Available information about an emergency scene, such us building structure, helps for decision making and organizing rescue operations. Models supporting decision making should be available in real, or near real, time. Thus, good quality models that allow implementation of automated methods are highly desirable. This paper presents details of the recently developed method for automated generation of variable density navigable networks in a 3D indoor environment, including full 3D topological model, which may be used not only for standard navigation but also for finding safe routes and simulating hazard and phenomena associated with disasters such as fire spread and heat transfer.
Self assembled DNA/RNA nanoparticles as a new generation of therapeutic nucleic acids: immunological compatibility and other translational considerations

Therapeutic nucleic acids (TNAs) are rapidly being embraced as effective interventions in a variety of genetic disorders, cancers, and viral/microbial infections, as well as for use in improving vaccine efficacy. Many traditional nucleotide based formulations have been approved for clinical use, while various macromolecular nucleic acids are in different phases of preclinical and clinical development. Various nanotechnology carriers, including but not limited to liposomes, emulsions, dendrimers, and polyplexes, are considered for their improved delivery and reduced toxicity compared to traditional TNAs. Moreover, a new generation of TNAs has recently emerged and is represented by DNA/RNA nanoparticles formed by the self assembly of DNA, RNA, or hybrid DNA RNA oligonucleotides into 1D, 2D, and 3D structures of different shapes. In this mini review, I will discuss immunocompatibility and other translational aspects in the development of this new class of promising nucleic acid therapeutics.
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Neuroinflammation: A Comprehensive Review
Venue: International journal of molecular sciences

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can lead to devastating outcomes including vasospasm, cognitive decline, and even death. Currently, treatment options are limited for this potentially life threatening injury. Recent evidence suggests that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in injury expansion and brain damage. Red blood cell breakdown products can lead to the release of inflammatory cytokines that trigger vasospasm and tissue injury. Preclinical models have been used successfully to improve understanding about neuroinflammation following aneurysmal rupture. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of how neuroinflammation relates to secondary outcomes such as vasospasm after aneurysmal rupture and to critically discuss pharmaceutical agents that warrant further investigation for the treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage. We provide a concise overview of the neuroinflammatory pathways that are upregulated following aneurysmal rupture and how these pathways correlate to long term outcomes. Treatment of aneurysm rupture is limited and few pharmaceutical drugs are available. Through improved understanding of biochemical mechanisms of injury, novel treatment solutions are being developed that target neuroinflammation. In the final sections of this review, we highlight a few of these novel treatment approaches and emphasize why targeting neuroinflammation following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage may improve patient care. We encourage ongoing research into the pathophysiology of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, especially in regards to neuroinflammatory cascades and the translation to randomized clinical trials.
Sex, Smoking, and Risk for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Venue: Stroke

Women are at higher risk for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) than men for unknown reasons. Also cumulative effects of smoking have been neglected among prospective studies. We studied associations between smoking habits and SAH and interactions between known SAH risk factors in a prospective population based study.  The population based FINRISK study cohort of 65 521 individuals was followed up for 1.38 million person years. We used the Cox proportional hazards model to calculate hazard ratios and evaluated additive and multiplicative interactions between study variables, with all analyses adjusted for known SAH risk factors.  During follow up, we identified 492 SAHs (266 women) Smoking had a linear dose dependent and cumulative association with risk for SAH in both sexes. Women smoking >20 cigarettes per day had a hazard ratio of 8.35 (95% confidence interval, 3.86 18.06) compared with a hazard ratio of 2.76 (95% confidence interval, 1.68 4.52) in men in the same cigarettes per day group. Hazard ratios differed by sex in all cigarettes per day and pack year categories; this association was stronger in women in all categories (P=0.01) When an adjusted model included interaction terms between sex and cigarettes per day or pack years, female sex was no longer an independent SAH risk factor. Former smokers had a markedly decreased risk for SAH in both sexes when compared with current smokers.  Smoking has a dose dependent and cumulative association with SAH risk, and this risk is highest in female heavy smokers. Vulnerability to smoking seems to explain in part the increased SAH risk in women.