nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison of postoperative vaginal length and sexual function after abdominal, vaginal, and laparoscopic hysterectomy
Venue: International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics

To compare vaginal length and sexual function after total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) and vaginal hysterectomy (VH)
Comparison of 2 Methods of Vaginal Cuff Closure at Laparoscopic Hysterectomy and Their Effect on Female Sexual Function and Vaginal Length: A Randomized Clinical Study.
Venue: Journal of minimally invasive gynecology

To compare the effects of the laparoscopic approach versus the vaginal route for the management of vaginal cuff closure during total laparoscopic hysterectomy on female sexual function in premenopausal patients with benign gynecologic conditions.  A prospective study with a randomized, double blind design (Canadian Task Force Classification I) SETTING A university hospital.  Patients who were scheduled to have total laparoscopic hysterectomy because of benign conditions.  Patients were randomized to vaginal cuff closure via the vaginal route versus the laparoscopic approach. The study included a total of 70 patients; 34 underwent the laparoscopic approach in the management of vaginal cuff closure, and 36 underwent the vaginal route.  Female sexual function and vaginal length were measured. The duration of total surgery was significantly shorter in the laparoscopic approach group compared with the vaginal route group (112.2 36.5 vs 122.7 53.6, p .05) The total Female Sexual Function Index scores preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively were similar between the laparoscopic approach and vaginal route groups (all p .05) Vaginal lengths 3 months postoperatively were significantly longer in the laparoscopic approach group compared with the vaginal route group (8.39 0.90 vs 7.34 1.17, p .05) The duration of cuff closure was significantly shorter in the vaginal route group compared with the laparoscopic approach group (8.92 2.23 vs 7.51 2.5, p .05) Preoperative vaginal lengths were significantly longer in comparison with 3 months postoperatively both in the laparoscopic approach and the vaginal route groups (all p .05) The preoperative total Female Sexual Function Index scores were significantly higher in comparison with 3 months postoperatively both in the laparoscopic approach and the vaginal route groups (all p .05)  The results of this study indicate that the laparoscopic approach for vaginal cuff closure might be preferable because of better postoperative vaginal length and a shorter duration of total surgery time.
Fabrication of a wide field NIR integral field unit for SWIMS using ultra precision cutting
Venue: Astronomical Telescopes Instrumentation

We describe overview of fabrication methods and measurement results of test fabrications of optical surfaces for an integral field unit (IFU) for Simultaneous color Wide field Infrared Multi object Spectrograph, SWIMS, which is a first generation instrument for the University of Tokyo Atacama Observatory 6.5 m telescope. SWIMS IFU provides entire near infrared spectrum from 0.9 to 2.5 mm simultaneously covering wider field of view of 17" x 13" compared with current near infrared IFUs. We investigate an ultra precision cutting technique to monolithically fabricate optical surfaces of IFU optics such as an image slicer. Using 4 or 5 axis ultra precision machine we compare the milling process and shaper cutting process to find the best way of fabrication of image slicers. The measurement results show that the surface roughness almost satisfies our requirement in both of two methods. Moreover, we also obtain ideal surface form in the shaper cutting process. This method will be adopted to other mirror arrays (i.e. pupil mirror and slit mirror, and such monolithic fabrications will also help us to considerably reduce alignment procedure of each optical elements.
2D image to 3D range registration in urban environments via scene categorization and combination of similarity measurements
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

Statistical similarity measurements, such as mutual information (MI) and normalized mutual information (NMI) show potential in the registration of 2D image to 3D range scans collected in urban environments. However 2D 3D registration with these measurements are of limited usage in urban sensing applications because: 1) it relies on the diversity and dependency between pre defined pair of 2D 3D attributes, such as the intensity from images and reflectivity from range scans, in the urban sensing environment, and 2) it requires high end range sensors with strong abilities to capture reflectivity in urban scenarios. In this paper, we propose a robust way of estimating statistical similarity measurements for 2D 3D data that are collected in various urban scenes with both low cost and high end range sensors. Rather than estimate the similarity of 2D 3D data on specific pair of 2D 3D attributes, we compute similarity measurements between a set of 2D 3D attribute pairs that could be dominant in the category of sensed urban scene and combine them into a reliable similarity measurement. By applying the combined similarity measurement to the common framework of statistical 2D 3D registration, we get superior results when compared with state of art similarity measurements (MI and NMI) in terms of registration accuracy and robustness to initial condition, as indicated by experiments conducted on two datasets that are collected in various urban scenes, with low cost and high end sensors.
Regulation of twin of eyeless during Drosophila development.
Venue: Gene expression patterns GEP

The Pax 6 protein is vital for eye development in all seeing animals, from sea urchins to humans. Either of the Pax6 genes in Drosophila (twin of eyeless and eyeless) can induce a gene cascade leading to formation of entire eyes when expressed ectopically. The twin of eyeless (toy) gene in Drosophila is expressed in the anterior region of the early fly embryo. At later stages it is expressed in the brain, ventral nerve cord and (eventually) the visual primordium that gives rise to the eye antennal imaginal discs of the larvae. These discs subsequently form the major part of the adult head, including compound eyes. We have searched for genes that are required for normal toy expression in the early embryo to elucidate initiating events of eye organogenesis. Candidate genes identified by mutation analyses were subjected to further knock out and miss expression tests to investigate their interactions with toy. Our results indicate that the head specific gap gene empty spiracles can act as a repressor of Toy, while ocelliless (oc) and spalt major (salm) appear to act as positive regulators of toy gene expression.
Thermal radiation at the nanoscale Near field and interference effects in few layer structures and on the electrical performances of thermophotovoltaic devices

Ce manuscrit traite du rayonnement thermique a l'echelle nanometrique et du controle de l'echange d'energie radiative entre deux corps, afin d'augmenter les performances de conversion energetique des systemes thermophotovoltaiques (TPV) Les bases du rayonnement thermique et de la conversion photovoltaique sont tout d'abord rappelees. Les flux rayonnes par des emetteurs multicouches supportant des phenomenes d'interference sont ensuite calcules numeriquement. Ces phenomenes permettent de controler le spectre d'emission et donc l'optimisation d'un emetteur selectif pour des applications TPV. Il s'avere important de prendre en compte l'evolution en temperature des proprietes optiques des materiaux constituant l'emetteur. Il est demontre que le controle des phenomenes d'interferences au sein des structures multicouches sur substrat metallique permet d'obtenir des emissivites spectrale et totale hemispherique 20 fois superieures a celles du substrat seul. Le chapitre suivant est dedie au rayonnement thermique en champ proche entre un emetteur semi infini et une couche mince. Cette configuration est proche d'un systeme TPV, ou l'emetteur semi infini peut etre assimile au corps rayonnant, et le film a une cellule PV. Different phenomenes sont analyses le comportement des resonances de polaritons de surface, l'absorption spatiale de la puissance radiative en champ proche et les phenomenes d'interferences dans le regime de transition champ proche champ lointain. Ces phenomenes peuvent etre mis a profit pour la conception de spectres optimises. Dans le dernier chapitre, les performances de systemes TPV en champ proche (TPV CP) sont simulees numeriquement a l'aide d'un code couple transport des charges rayonnement. Les modeles bases sur l'hypothese de faible injection utilises generalement pour simplifier le probleme du transport des charges electriques dans la cellule PV sont evalues en details. Differentes architectures de cellules permettant d'optimiser les performances du systeme sont presentees en conclusion. Ces travaux offrent un nouvel eclairage sur le rayonnement des structures multicouches et leur application a la conversion thermophotovoltaique.
Ingredient labeling and health claims influencing consumer perceptions, purchase intentions, and willingness to pay

This study examined impacts of different types of fiber labels (i.e. a regular label; fiber labeled; fiber labeled with a health claim) on consumers' perceptions, purchase intentions, and willingness to pay. Consumers' taste and health consciousness and degree of food neophobia were considered as moderators. Results reveal that different types of labels significantly influenced consumers' perceptions toward the product. Consumers with higher overall perceptions had higher purchase intentions. Fiber labeling with a health claim made consumers willing to pay more. The analysis found a direct impact on the purchase intentions of consumers' health consciousness and their overall perceptions.
Organic consumers' price knowledge, willingness to pay and purchase decision

The purpose of this paper is to gain insights into organic consumers' price sensitivity by investigating price knowledge, willingness to pay and real purchase decision.  Organic food consumers' price knowledge, willingness to pay and real purchase decision were examined in a comprehensive field study with 642 respondents. An innovative method was used to collect data for products that were truly relevant to the respondents: before entering the shop, respondents were asked about the items on their shopping list, the prices they expected to find and the maximum prices they were willing to pay. If respondents stated a willingness to pay value below the actual store price, they were approached again after shopping to verify their purchase decision.  The great majority of respondents failed to estimate the correct store price. The deviation between the estimated price and the actual store price was on average 19.9 per cent. The respondents were willing to pay on average 52.7 per cent above store prices. It was revealed that in 67.0 per cent of the cases, respondents bought a product even though the store price was higher than the willingness to pay they stated upon entering the store.  Category specific insights into price knowledge and willingness to pay of organic consumers might be used for price differentiation strategies.  To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to investigate organic consumers' item and store specific price knowledge, willingness to pay and real purchase decision in a single source approach.
Irrigation Canal Downstream Water level PLC Control

Two downstream level sensors provide redundant measurements at two points downstream locations. These sensors must be validated as they should provide similar readings consistent with previous measurements. We will assume two validated sensors input values for this project. Upstream flooding limit switch (not included in this abbreviated discussion implementation) is used to provide the regulator an indication of possible flooding and thus command the system to raise both gates gradually using the same selection criteria until the flooding condition is removed or downstream level is close to the upstream level.
Project Review on Water Level Sensing Using PLC

A PLC is a digital computer used to automate electromechanical processes. This research is based on automation of a water tank by using Siemens PLC. Automatic control of water tanks can work continuously and can provide accurate quantity of water in less time. In such process there is no need of labor so there is no human error. Without human error, the quality of product is better and the cost of production would definitely decrease with no error in quantity required. Water level sensing can be implemented in industrial plants, commercial use and even at home
Advances and perspectives on the use of CRISPR/Cas9 systems in plant genomics research.
Venue: Current opinion in plant biology

Genome editing with site specific nucleases has become a powerful tool for functional characterization of plant genes and genetic improvement of agricultural crops. Among the various site specific nuclease based technologies available for genome editing, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9) systems have shown the greatest potential for rapid and efficient editing of genomes in plant species. This article reviews the current status of application of CRISPR/Cas9 to plant genomics research, with a focus on loss of function and gain of function analysis of individual genes in the context of perennial plants and the potential application of CRISPR/Cas9 to perturbation of gene expression, and identification and analysis of gene modules as part of an accelerated domestication and synthetic biology effort.
Alzheimer's disease diagnostics by adaptation of 3D convolutional network
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

Early diagnosis, playing an important role in preventing progress and treating the Alzheimer's disease (AD) is based on classification of features extracted from brain images. The features have to accurately capture main AD related variations of anatomical brain structures, such as, e.g. ventricles size, hippocampus shape, cortical thickness, and brain volume. This paper proposed to predict the AD with a deep 3D convolutional neural network (3D CNN) which can learn generic features capturing AD biomarkers and adapt to different domain datasets. The 3D CNN is built upon a 3D convolutional autoencoder, which is pre trained to capture anatomical shape variations in structural brain MRI scans. Fully connected upper layers of the 3D CNN are then fine tuned for each task specific AD classification. Experiments on the CADDementia MRI dataset with no skull stripping preprocessing have shown our 3D CNN outperforms several conventional classifiers by accuracy. Abilities of the 3D CNN to generalize the features learnt and adapt to other domains have been validated on the ADNI dataset.
Multi focus image fusion using multi scale image decomposition and saliency detection

In this paper, we develop a new multi focus image fusion method based on saliency detection and multi scale image decomposition. Proposed method is very efficient, since the visual saliency explored in this algorithm is able to emphasize visually significant regions. Unlike most of the multi scale fusion methods, an average filter is employed in our algorithm for multi scale image decomposition. Hence it is computationally simple. A new weight map construction process based on visual saliency is developed. Weight maps of this algorithm are capable of detecting and identifying focused and defocused regions of the source images. We are able to integrate only focused and sharpened regions into the fused image. Performance of the proposed method is compared with that of the state of the art multi focus fusion methods. Proposed method outperforms them in terms of visual quality and fusion metrics. Our method requires considerably less computational time, thus making it preferable for real time implementation.
Multi focus image fusion using maximum symmetric surround saliency detection

In digital photography, two or more objects of a scene cannot be focused at the same time. If we focus one object, we may lose information about other objects and vice versa. Multi focus image fusion is a process of generating an all in focus image from several out of focus images. In this paper, we propose a new multi focus image fusion method based on two scale image decomposition and saliency detection using maximum symmetric surround. This method is very beneficial because the saliency map used in this method can highlight the saliency information present in the source images with well defined boundaries. A weight map construction method based on saliency information is developed in this paper. This weight map can identify the focus and defocus regions present in the image very well. So we implemented a new fusion algorithm based on weight map which integrate only focused region information into the fused image. Unlike multi scale image fusion methods, in this method two scale image decomposition is sufficient. So, it is computationally efficient. Proposed method is tested on several multi focus image datasets and it is compared with traditional and recently proposed fusion methods using various fusion metrics. Results justify that our proposed method outperforms the existing methods.
Two scale image fusion of visible and infrared images using saliency detection

Military, navigation and concealed weapon detection need different imaging modalities such as visible and infrared to monitor a targeted scene. These modalities provide complementary information. For better situation awareness, complementary information of these images has to be integrated into a single image. Image fusion is the process of integrating complementary source information into a composite image. In this paper, we propose a new image fusion method based on saliency detection and two scale image decomposition. This method is beneficial because the visual saliency extraction process introduced in this paper can highlight the saliency information of source images very well. A new weight map construction process based on visual saliency is proposed. This process is able to integrate the visually significant information of source images into the fused image. In contrast to most of the multi scale image fusion techniques, proposed technique uses only two scale image decomposition. So it is fast and efficient. Our method is tested on several image pairs and is evaluated qualitatively by visual inspection and quantitatively using objective fusion metrics. Outcomes of the proposed method are compared with the state of art multi scale fusion techniques. Results reveal that the proposed method performance is comparable or superior to the existing methods.
Media literacy and pre school children

Child is born in the world of everpresent and unavoidable effect of media. The mission of parents is to acquaint children with media, but with the entrance of a child to the kindergarten, this mission transfers on a preschool teacher. Throughout carefully chosen and planned activities they acquaint children with media and include them in the process of media education. Children gain abilities to understand, value, analyse and evaluate media messages and delevop critical distance towards them which in the mail goal of media literacy. The thesis titled Media literacy and pre school children consists of theoretical and empirical part. In the theoretical part I defined the concept of the media, its history and specifically described some media types. More specifically, I defined the concepts of media literacy and media education, and presented the level of media literacy around the world. Separate chapter is devoted to language in the media and actual impact of media on children's development. Within the empirical part I used a questionnaire to ascertain what is the opinion of preschool teachers on media literacy and to what extent they are aware of it. The survey was attended by 47 teachers from four different kindergartens. The survey showed that around 72 are familiar with the concept of media literacy, use media in activities of their group and that they know the different effects of media on children. Still, there is a proportion of educators that does not include media literacy in planning activities within curricular areas.
Bounded or boundaryless? An empirical investigation of career boundaries and boundary crossing

The article argues that the long running debate between organizationally bounded and boundaryless careers has been too narrow and neglects the variety and distinctive characteristics of career boundaries. Drawing on boundary theory, it investigates the main career relevant domains and boundaries, and the motivations and structural conditions that influence boundary crossing or having a career within a specific domain among a sample of professional pharmacists. The qualitative study shows that careers are enacted within a number of relevant domains and are shaped by a range of boundaries such that boundarylessness and embeddedness are co existing career dimensions. It also reveals how even within a professional population careers are embedded within diverse social and cultural contexts that impose differing constraints on career mobility. The article therefore provides a fuller, more nuanced understanding of career boundaries and contemporary careers.
Update of WHO s Community Noise Guidelines Evidence review on the effects of noise on sleep

To evaluate the strength of the available evidence on the effects of environmental noise exposure on sleep for the update of WHO's Community Noise Guidelines a systematic review of the literature published between 2000 and 2015 was performed. A meta analysis of surveys linking road, rail, and aircraft noise exposure to self reports of difficulty falling asleep, awakening during the night, and sleep disturbance was conducted and exposure response relationships were derived. A pooled analysis of polysomnographic studies on the acute effects of transportation noise on sleep was also conducted, and exposure response functions between the maximum sound pressure level of individual noise events and the probability to wake up were derived. Due to a limited number of studies and the use of different outcome measures, a narrative review only was conducted on the effect of transportation noise on motility, cardiac and blood pressure outcome measures, and on children's sleep. The effect of wind turbine and hospital noise on sleep was also assessed. Based on the available evidence, transportation noise has an effect on objectively measured sleep physiology and on subjectively assessed sleep disturbance in adults, for other outcome measures and noise sources the evidence was conflicting or emerging.