nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A performance improved compact size microstrip antenna loaded with CSRR for GSM, WLAN/WiMAX and WAVE applications
Venue: 2016 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering, Technology and Science (ICETETS)

This paper presents the design and analysis of compact size complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) loaded multiband microstrip antenna. Metamaterial inspired structure CSRR is loaded in the radiating patch and in the ground plane along with a rectangular slot. The dimension of proposed antenna is 19mm x 16mm x 1.6mm, which resonates at frequencies 1.9GHz, 2.5GHz, 5.2GHz and 5.9GHz with return losses as 12.22dB, 15.81dB, 16.59dB, and 20.18dB respectively. These frequency bands are assigned for GSM, Wi MAX, WLAN and WAVE applications. Parametric study has been done in order to show the impact of loaded CSRR in the ground plane. Best performance is obtained for CSRR with five rings loaded in the ground plane. The various iteration steps while achieving the final design and their results are compared and presented in this paper. The proposed antenna has been designed and simulated using High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) v.15.0, which is based on finite element method. Stable radiation patterns and acceptable return losses 10dB have been observed for the operating bands.
Generation of fiducial marker dictionaries using Mixed Integer Linear Programming
Venue: Pattern Recognit.

Square based fiducial markers are one of the most popular approaches for camera pose estimation due to its fast detection and robustness. In order to maximize their error correction capabilities, it is required to use an inner binary codification with a large inter marker distance. This paper proposes two Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) approaches to generate configurable square based fiducial marker dictionaries maximizing their inter marker distance. The first approach guarantees the optimal solution, however, it can only be applied to relatively small dictionaries and number of bits since the computing times are too long for many situations. The second approach is an alternative formulation to obtain suboptimal dictionaries within restricted time, achieving results that still surpass significantly the current state of the art methods. HighlightsThe paper proposes two methods to obtain fiducial markers based on the MILP paradigm.First model guarantees the optimality in terms of inter marker distance.Second model generates suboptimal markers within restricted time.The markers generated allow the correction of a higher amount of erroneous bits.
Efficient algorithm for k barrier coverage based on integer linear programming
Venue: China Communications

Barrier coverage of wireless sensor networks is an important issue in the detection of intruders who are attempting to cross a region of interest. However, in certain applications, barrier coverage cannot be satisfied after random deployment. In this paper, we study how mobile sensors can be efficiently relocated to achieve k barrier coverage. In particular, two problems are studied: relocation of sensors with minimum number of mobile sensors and formation of k barrier coverage with minimum energy cost. These two problems were formulated as 0 1 integer linear programming (ILP) The formulation is computationally intractable because of integrality and complicated constraints. Therefore, we relax the integrality and complicated constraints of the formulation and construct a special model known as RELAX RSMN with a totally unimodular constraint coefficient matrix to solve the relaxed 0 1 ILP rapidly through linear programming. Theoretical analysis and simulation were performed to verify the effectiveness of our approach.
Evaluating the Contributions of Individual Variables to a Quadratic Form
Venue: Australian New Zealand journal of statistics

Quadratic forms capture multivariate information in a single number, making them useful, for example, in hypothesis testing. When a quadratic form is large and hence interesting, it might be informative to partition the quadratic form into contributions of individual variables. In this paper it is argued that meaningful partitions can be formed, though the precise partition that is determined will depend on the criterion used to select it. An intuitively reasonable criterion is proposed and the partition to which it leads is determined. The partition is based on a transformation that maximises the sum of the correlations between individual variables and the variables to which they transform under a constraint. Properties of the partition, including optimality properties, are examined. The contributions of individual variables to a quadratic form are less clear cut when variables are collinear, and forming new variables through rotation can lead to greater transparency. The transformation is adapted so that it has an invariance property under such rotation, whereby the assessed contributions are unchanged for variables that the rotation does not affect directly. Application of the partition to Hotelling's one and two sample test statistics, Mahalanobis distance and discriminant analysis is described and illustrated through examples. It is shown that bootstrap confidence intervals for the contributions of individual variables to a partition are readily obtained.
Kinetics and mechanics of clot contraction are governed by the molecular and cellular composition of the blood.
Venue: Blood

Platelet driven blood clot contraction (retraction) is thought to promote wound closure and secure hemostasis while preventing vascular occlusion. Notwithstanding its importance, clot contraction remains a poorly understood process, partially because of the lack of methodology to quantify its dynamics and requirements. We used a novel automated optical analyzer to continuously track in vitro changes in the size of contracting clots in whole blood and in variously reconstituted samples. Kinetics of contraction was complemented with dynamic rheometry to characterize the viscoelasticity of contracting clots. This combined approach enabled investigation of the coordinated mechanistic impact of platelets, including nonmuscle myosin II, red blood cells (RBCs) fibrin(ogen) factor XIIIa (FXIIIa) and thrombin on the kinetics and mechanics of the contraction process. Clot contraction is composed of 3 sequential phases, each characterized by a distinct rate constant. Thrombin, Ca(2+ the integrin aIIbb3, myosin IIa, FXIIIa cross linking, and platelet count all promote 1 or more phases of the clot contraction process. In contrast, RBCs impair contraction and reduce elasticity, while increasing the overall contractile stress generated by the platelet fibrin meshwork. A better understanding of the mechanisms by which blood cells, fibrin(ogen) and platelet fibrin interactions modulate clot contraction may generate novel approaches to reveal and to manage thrombosis and hemostatic disorders.
Cloud Accounting In Romania. A Literature Review

Fast evolution of information technologies in recent years radically changed organizational processes and systems architecture. One of these technologies, developed since 2006, is cloud computing. This allowed a party virtualization of the system of organization, including some components of the accounting information system. Thus it emerged and was operationalized at the organizational level, cloud accounting (software) The objective of this article is a literature review on the cloud accounting in Romania. In terms of methodological research involves identifying relevant articles related to this topic, published by Romanian authors in 2011 2016, and analysis to highlight perspectives for implementation of cloud accounting in Romanian organizations.
Elicited imitation as a measure of second language proficiency: A narrative review and meta analysis

Elicited imitation (EI) has been widely used to examine second language (L2) proficiency and development and was an especially popular method in the 1970s and early 1980s. However, as the field embraced more communicative approaches to both instruction and assessment, the use of EI diminished, and the construct related validity of EI scores as a representation of language proficiency was called into question. Current uses of EI, while not discounting the importance of communicative activities and assessments, tend to focus on the importance of processing and automaticity. This study presents a systematic review of EI in an effort to clarify the construct and usefulness of EI tasks in L2 research. The review underwent two phases: a narrative review and a meta analysis. We surveyed 76 theoretical and empirical studies from 1970 to 2014, to investigate the use of EI in particular with respect to the research/assessment context and task features. The results of the narrative review provided a theoretical basis for the meta analysis. The meta analysis utilized 24 independent effect sizes based on 1089 participants obtained from 21 studies. To investigate evidence of construct related validity for EI, we examined the following: (1) the ability of EI scores to distinguish speakers across proficiency levels; (2) correlations between scores on EI and other measures of language proficiency; and (3) key task features that moderate the sensitivity of EI. Results of the review demonstrate that EI tasks vary greatly in terms of task features; however, EI tasks in general have a strong ability to discriminate between speakers across proficiency levels (Hedges' g 1.34) Additionally, construct, sentence length, and scoring method were identified as moderators for the sensitivity of EI. Findings of this study provide supportive construct related validity evidence for EI as a measure of L2 proficiency and inform appropriate EI task development and administration in L2 research and assessment.
Monitoring dementia with automatic eye movements analysis

Eye movement patterns are found to reveal human cognitive and mental states that can not be easily measured by other biological signals. With the rapid development of eye tracking technologies, there are growing interests in analysing gaze data to infer information about people' cognitive states, tasks and activities performed in naturalistic environments. In this paper, we investigate the link between eye movements and cognitive function. We conducted experiments to record subject's eye movements during video watching. By using computational methods, we identified eye movement features that are correlated to people's cognitive health measures obtained through the standard cognitive tests. Our results show that it is possible to infer people's cognitive function by analysing natural gaze behaviour. This work contributes an initial understanding of monitoring cognitive deterioration and dementia with automatic eye movement analysis.
An analysis of reflective writing early in the medical curriculum: The relationship between reflective capacity and academic achievement
Venue: Medical teacher

To examine the relationship between reflection, gender, residency choice, word count, and academic achievement among medical students.  A modified version of the Reflection Evaluation for Learners' Enhanced Competencies Tool (REFLECT) was developed and used for this study (Cronbach's alpha of 0.86 with an intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] of 0.68) This was applied to writing samples about professionalism in gross anatomy from first year medical students between 2005 and 2011. Four analysts reviewed and scored written reflections independently. Composite reflection scores were compared with gender, residency choice, length of written reflection, NBME(r) Gross Anatomy and Embryology Subject Examination scores, and final gross anatomy course.  Total of 319 written reflections were evaluated. Female students who pursued medicine specialties had the highest composite reflection scores (87 [27.2% Word count frequently correlated with reflection score (p 0.0001) Students who performed well on the NBME(r) Gross Anatomy and Embryology Subject Examination tended to achieve high anatomy course grades (p 0.0001) There was no statistically significant relationship between composite reflection scores and NBME(r) Gross Anatomy and Embryology Subject Examination scores (p 0.16) or anatomy course grades (p 0.90)  This study suggests there are likely no correlations between reflective capacity and academic performance on tests of medical knowledge administered early in the medical curriculum.
Medical students' creative projects on a third year pediatrics clerkship: a qualitative analysis of patient centeredness and emotional connection
Venue: BMC medical education

BackgroundIncreasingly, medical educators are incorporating reflective writing and original creative work into educational practices with the goals of stimulating student self awareness, appreciation of multiple perspectives, and comfort with ambiguity and uncertainty. This study investigated students' creative projects to assess the extent to which they adopted a patient/relationship centered, emotionally connected position toward patients and families.MethodsOver a 10 year period, students on a required third year pediatrics clerkship individually or in groups completed either a reflection or an education project using a creative medium. 520 projects (representing 595 students, 74.7 of total eligible students) were qualitatively analyzed according to various thematic and emotion based dimensions.ResultsThe majority of projects were personal narrative essays and poetry. The largest number of project themes related to the importance of patient/relationship centered medicine with patients. The next largest number of projects focused on health education of parents, patients, or classmates. In telling their stories, students were more likely to use a personal voice representing either their or the patient's perspective than an objective, impersonal one. In terms of emotional tone, projects were more likely to be serious than humorous. The largest number of students' emotions expressed an empathic tone. Students identified a large number and wide range of both negative and positive feelings in themselves and their patients. The majority of student emotions were positive, while the majority of patient and family emotions were negative.ConclusionsStudents' preference for patient centered, relational themes, as well as their tendency to favor the first voice, empathic tone, and willingness to express a range of positive and negative emotions in presenting their projects, suggests that they valued emotional connection with patients and families during the pediatrics clerkship experience.
To be or not to be a facilitator of reflective learning for medical students? a case study of medical teachers' perceptions of introducing a reflective writing exercise to an undergraduate curriculum
Venue: BMC medical education

BackgroundIntroducing reflective writing to a medical curriculum requires the acceptance and participation of teachers. The purpose of this study was to explore medical teachers' views on the benefits of introducing a reflective writing exercise into an undergraduate medical curriculum, including their levels of satisfaction and their concerns. We also investigated effects on the teachers' personal and professional development arising from their roles as novice facilitators.MethodsA qualitative approach was employed using semi structured interviews. During an attachment to Primary Care Medicine course, fourth year medical students (n 180) in the Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand were assigned to write a reflective essay titled, "A Significant Event in My First Clinical Year" After reading the essays and facilitating between one to three small group discussions based on these, each of the 18 teachers enrolled in our study completed an in depth face to face interview. Transcripts of these were studied, using thematic content analysis to identify emerging themes.ResultsThe novice facilitators felt that facilitated reflection was both valuable and appropriate for students. They also perceived that it had a positive impact on their own personal and professional lives. In the early phase of implementing this activity, teachers expressed concerns about 1) their ability and confidence as facilitators in small group discussion 2) their ability to deal with emotions raised within their groups 3) the effectiveness of the activity 4) poor presentation and possible fabrication of student work.ConclusionsMost teachers regarded this activity as being beneficial to them, to student learning, and to the curriculum. Their insights, including concerns about the level of skill needed for facilitation, provide valuable material for planning a comprehensive faculty development programme.
Complex mountain terrain and disturbance history drive variation in forest aboveground live carbon density in the western Oregon Cascades, USA.
Venue: Forest ecology and management

Forest carbon (C) density varies tremendously across space due to the inherent heterogeneity of forest ecosystems. Variation of forest C density is especially pronounced in mountainous terrain, where environmental gradients are compressed and vary at multiple spatial scales. Additionally, the influence of environmental gradients may vary with forest age and developmental stage, an important consideration as forest landscapes often have a diversity of stand ages from past management and other disturbance agents. Quantifying forest C density and its underlying environmental determinants in mountain terrain has remained challenging because many available data sources lack the spatial grain and ecological resolution needed at both stand and landscape scales. The objective of this study was to determine if environmental factors influencing aboveground live carbon (ALC) density differed between young versus old forests. We integrated aerial light detection and ranging (lidar) data with 702 field plots to map forest ALC density at a grain of 25 m across the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, a 6369 ha watershed in the Cascade Mountains of Oregon, USA. We used linear regressions, random forest ensemble learning (RF) and sequential autoregressive modeling (SAR) to reveal how mapped forest ALC density was related to climate, topography, soils, and past disturbance history (timber harvesting and wildfires) ALC increased with stand age in young managed forests, with much greater variation of ALC in relation to years since wildfire in old unmanaged forests. Timber harvesting was the most important driver of ALC across the entire watershed, despite occurring on only 23% of the landscape. More variation in forest ALC density was explained in models of young managed forests than in models of old unmanaged forests. Besides stand age, ALC density in young managed forests was driven by factors influencing site productivity, whereas variation in ALC density in old unmanaged forests was also affected by finer scale topographic conditions associated with sheltered sites. Past wildfires only had a small influence on current ALC density, which may be a result of long times since fire and/or prevalence of non stand replacing fire. Our results indicate that forest ALC density depends on a suite of multi scale environmental drivers mediated by complex mountain topography, and that these relationships are dependent on stand age. The high and context dependent spatial variability of forest ALC density has implications for quantifying forest carbon stores, establishing upper bounds of potential carbon sequestration, and scaling field data to landscape and regional scales.
11.7 A load aware pre emphasis column driver with 27% settling time reduction in 18% panel load RC delay variation for 240Hz UHD flat panel displays
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Solid State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)

In this paper, we present a column driver with load aware pre emphasis driving (LPD) as  The LPD scheme calibrates the K value to the panel load resistance and capacitance to minimize the increase in the settling time due to the column to column and panel to panel R<sub>L</sub>C<sub>L</sub> delay variation. In addition, the self K calibration reduces fabrication cost because no trimming of the K is required during fabrication. Before the column driver starts its data driving operation, a K calibrator embedded in every column searches the K corresponding to the panel load R<sub>L</sub> and C<sub>L</sub> of each column and adjusts the K of a pre emphasis voltage generator (PVG) The K calibration searches for the K value where the voltage buffer supplies a proper amount of charge for the voltage step (V<sub>REF2</sub> V<sub>REF1</sub> to the panel load capacitance C<sub>L</sub> during the preemphasis duration T<sub>PRE</sub> To measure the amount of charge on C<sub>L</sub> the data line is detached from the voltage buffer after T<sub>PRE</sub> (ph<sub>DRV</sub> L) so that the charges on the data line are redistributed. After enough time elapses, the nodes on the data line (v<sub>1,2,,N</sub> are stabilized to one voltage, which is compared to the target data voltage (V<sub>REF2</sub> When there is an error, the K calibrator adjusts the K value to make the data line voltage close to the target data voltage V<sub>2</sub> For more precise matching between the amount of the injected charge of the K calibration and a real driving, the data lines can be disconnected a few hundred nanoseconds after T<sub>PRE</sub> to reflect the charge leaked during the pre emphasized output v<sub>O</sub> slewing down to V<sub>REF2</sub>
Comparison and Evaluation of Segmentation Techniques for Brain MRI using Gold Standard

Automated segmentation is an active research for medical images. Accuracy of automated segmentation methods plays a vital role during brain image analysis. Segmentation being an important area of research, determining its performance is also important. Gold Standard is required for comparison during segmentation evaluation.  The Gold Standard for segmentation of medical images is the manual drawing of region of interest. This manual tracing is performed by experts (radiologists) The deviation of segmentation when compared with the experts and the quality of segmentation are inversely proportional.  The quantitative methods indicate the performance of the segmentation methods when compared with Gold Standard. Evaluation metrics mostly fall into three categories: Area Based Evaluation method (Dice coefficient, Jaccard Coefficient, Relative Volume Difference, Volume Overlap error) Surface Evaluation type (Average Symmetric Surface Distance, Root Mean Square Symmetric Surface Distance, Scatter Plot) and Specificity, Sensitivity and Accuracy.