nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The APOSTLE simulations: solutions to the Local Group's cosmic puzzles

The Local Group of galaxies offer some of the most discriminating tests of models of cosmic structure formation. For example, observations of the Milky Way (MW) and Andromeda satellite populations appear to be in disagreement with N body simulations of the "Lambda Cold Dark Matter" \Lambda}CDM) model: there are far fewer satellite galaxies than substructures in cold dark matter halos (the "missing satellites" problem) dwarf galaxies seem to avoid the most massive substructures (the "too big to fail" problem) and the brightest satellites appear to orbit their host galaxies on a thin plane (the "planes of satellites" problem) Here we present results from APOSTLE (A Project Of Simulating The Local Environment) a suite of cosmological hydrodynamic simulations of twelve volumes selected to match the kinematics of the Local Group (LG) members. Applying the Eagle code to the LG environment, we find that our simulations match the observed abundance of LG galaxies, including the satellite galaxies of the MW and Andromeda. Due to changes to the structure of halos and the evolution in the LG environment, the simulations reproduce the observed relation between stellar mass and velocity dispersion of individual dwarf spheroidal galaxies without necessitating the formation of cores in their dark matter profiles. Satellite systems form with a range of spatial anisotropies, including one similar to that of the MW, confirming that such a configuration is not unexpected in \Lambda}CDM. Finally, based on the observed velocity dispersion, size, and stellar mass, we provide new estimates of the maximum circular velocity for the halos of nine MW dwarf spheroidals.
A deep bidirectional long short term memory based multi scale approach for music dynamic emotion prediction
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

Music Dynamic Emotion Prediction is a challenging and significant task. In this paper, We adopt the dimensional valence arousal (V A) emotion model to represent the dynamic emotion in music. Considering the high context correlation among the music feature sequence and the advantage of Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory (BLSTM) in capturing sequence information, we propose a multi scale approach, Deep BLSTM (DBLSTM) based multi scale regression and fusion with Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) to predict the V A values in music. We achieved the best performance on the database of Emotion in Music task in MediaEval 2015 compared with other submitted results. The experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of our novel proposed multi scale DBLSTM ELM model.
Review of Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Frameworks of Environment and Health in Ethiopia.
Venue: The Ethiopian journal of health development Ya'Ityopya tena lemat mashet

Ethiopia produced its Environmental Health Situational Analysis and Needs Assessment (SANA) report in 2010 as part of the global endeavor to characterize and underscore the importance of connecting health and environment. The assessment methods used in SANA 2010 were updated, replicated and used in this SABNA. with a focus on air pollution, occupational safety and health, and climate change.  The purpose of the review was to examine national policies and identify gaps in regulations and organizational arrangements that determine Ethiopia's ability to mitigate and eventually prevent the health impacts of air pollution, occupational hazards, and climate change.  The national policy and regulatory documents were reviewed. Literature was identified through electronic searches. Hard copies of past reports and policies were reviewed whenever necessary. A semi structured guideline was used to conduct in depth interviews aimed at identifying gaps and needs.  The Constitution of Ethiopia has policy provisions related to air pollution, occupational safety and health (OSH) and climate change and health. Proclamation No. 300/2002 on Environmental Pollution Control specifies ambient air quality standards and allowable emissions. However, there were no documents that outlined the national or regional strategies that the ministries and agencies could adopt to translate existing policies, legal provisions, or guidelines for air pollution into practical programs. In the same way, a national OSH policy was lacking at the time this review was made on how occupational safety and health should be handled nationally or at lower governing levels as required by the International Occupation Safety and Health and Working Environment Convention No. 155/1981. Ethiopia is a signatory of this Convention.  The results of the situational analysis indicate that there are cross cutting gaps in the various sectors. Among these, addressing the critical shortage of skilled personnel is an urgent priority. Most stakeholders face acute shortages of professionals and poor retention mechanisms. It is therefore important to design interventions that focus on capacity building in, for example, aligning curricula with specific needs of ministries, andequip professionals with the necessary technical skills.In addition, the results indicate that policies and regulations exist in theory, but in practice, there are inadequate implementation strategies to encourage adherence and enforcement of the regulations and policies.
The Role of Interchange Fees in Two Sided Markets: An Empirical Investigation on Payment Cards
Venue: Review of Economics and Statistics

We study the impact of reductions in interchange fees on payment card services. We find that consumer and merchant acceptance and transaction volumes increased when interchange fees were reduced. Our results suggest that a 10% reduction in the rate of decline per quarter in the average interchange fee by an acquirer resulted in a rate of increase in merchant acceptance per quarter of up to 1.4% In addition, a 10% increase in the rate of interaction of merchant acceptance and the total number of cards increased the rate of quarterly issuer transaction volumes up to 1.7%
Morphology Patterned Anisotropic Wetting Surface for Fluid Control and Gas Liquid Separation in Microfluidics.
Venue: ACS applied materials interfaces

This article shows morphology patterned stripes as a new platform for directing flow guidance of the fluid in microfluidic devices. Anisotropic (even unidirectional) spreading behavior due to anisotropic wetting of the underlying surface is observed after integrating morphology patterned stripes with a Y shaped microchannel. The anisotropic wetting flow of the fluid is influenced by the applied pressure, dimensions of the patterns, including the period and depth of the structure, and size of the channels. Fluids with different surface tensions show different flowing anisotropy in our microdevice. Moreover, the morphology patterned surfaces could be used as a microvalve, and gas water separation in the microchannel was realized using the unidirectional flow of water. Therefore, benefiting from their good performance and simple fabrication process, morphology patterned surfaces are good candidates to be applied in controlling the fluid behavior in microfluidics.
A Study of the Quality Impacting Practices of Modern Code Review at Sony Mobile
Venue: 2016 IEEE/ACM 38th International Conference on Software Engineering Companion (ICSE C)

Nowadays, a flexible, lightweight variant of the code review process (i.e. the practice of having other team members critique software changes) is adopted by open source and proprietary software projects. While this flexibility is a blessing (e.g. enabling code reviews to span the globe) it does not mandate minimum review quality criteria like the formal code inspections of the past. Recent work shows that lax reviewing can impact the quality of open source systems. In this paper, we investigate the impact that code reviewing practices have on the quality of a proprietary system that is developed by Sony Mobile. We begin by replicating open source analyses of the relationship between software quality (as approximated by post release defect proneness) and: (1) code review coverage, i.e. the proportion of code changes that have been reviewed and (2) code review participation, i.e. the degree of reviewer involvement in the code review process. We also perform a qualitative analysis, with a survey of 93 stakeholders, semi structured interviews with 15 stakeholders, and a follow up survey of 25 senior engineers. Our results indicate that while past measures of review coverage and participation do not share a relationship with defect proneness at Sony Mobile, reviewing measures that are aware of the Sony Mobile development context are associated with defect proneness. Our results have lead to improvements of the Sony Mobile code review process.
Gaming can be sustainable too! Using Social Representation Theory to examine the moderating effects of tourism diversification on residents' tax paying behavior

Tourism authorities in the Las Vegas region have suggested the diversification of the tourism industry as a strategy to improve the vitality of rural communities outside of the metropolitan area. The present study uses Social Representation Theory as the conceptual basis to test the moderating effects of the various types of proposed tourism development on residents' willingness to pay higher taxes to support such development. A survey of 301 residents in Las Vegas rural communities examined how the factors of economic dependence on tourism, community attachment, and ecocentric attitude towards tourism influence residents' perceptions of tourism's impacts. A higher economic dependence on tourism and higher levels of community attachment led to more favorable perceptions of tourism's economic and social impacts. The economic impacts, in turn, resulted in a willingness to pay higher taxes, irrespective of the type of tourism development proposed by the Las Vegas authorities. The results suggest that rural communities reinforce a hegemonic social representation of tourism in order to characterize the ethos of capitalist urbanism that pervades the economic development discourse. The residents' social construction of tourism has important implications for tourism planners in the region and suggests the adoption of an inclusive tourism diversification strategy that leverages both gaming and alternative tourism.
Reasons in Support of Data Security and Data Security Management as Two Independent Concepts: A New Model
Venue: The open medical informatics journal

Any information which is generated and saved needs to be protected against accidental or intentional losses and manipulations if it is to be used by the intended users in due time. As such, information managers have adopted numerous measures to achieve data security within data storage systems, along with the spread of information technology.  The "data security models" presented thus far have unanimously highlighted the significance of data security management. For further clarification, the current study first introduces the "needs and improvement" cycle; the study will then present some independent definitions, together with a support umbrella, in an attempt to shed light on the data security management.  Data security focuses on three features or attributes known as integrity, identity of sender(s) and identity of receiver(s) Management in data security follows an endless evolutionary process, to keep up with new developments in information technology and communication. In this process management develops new characteristics with greater capabilities to achieve better data security. The characteristics, continuously increasing in number, with a special focus on control, are as follows: private zone, confidentiality, availability, non repudiation, possession, accountability, authenticity, authentication and auditability.  Data security management steadily progresses, resulting in more sophisticated features. The developments are in line with new developments in information and communication technology and novel advances in intrusion detection systems (IDS) Attention to differences between data security and data security management by international organizations such as the International Standard Organization (ISO) and International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is necessary if information quality is to be enhanced.
Data security and privacy management in healthcare applications and clinical data warehouse environment
Venue: 2016 IEEE EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics (BHI)

Health Information is considered the most sensitive information associated to an individual. Even though numerous suitable policies, guidelines, and compliance requirements are in place to safeguard health information, privacy and security breach remains key issues for electronic healthcare systems. In this paper we focus on these issues and propose a security and privacy model implemented in Methodist Environment for Translational and Outcomes Research (METEOR) METEOR was developed at Houston Methodist Hospital and consists of two components: the enterprise data warehouse (EDW) and a software intelligence and analytics (SIA) layer. This model indicates that patient privacy is best protected by implementing a systematic mix of technologies and best practices such as technical de identification of data, restrictive data access, and security measures in the underlying technical platforms. Our results suggest that the proposed security model make data security compromise and unauthorized access of protected patient health information extremely improbable.
Midstream social marketing intervention to influence retailers' compliance with the minimum legal drinking age law

Alcohol availability is strongly related to excessive alcohol consumption. This study aims to examine social marketing's response to concerns about retailers' noncompliance with the minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) law by proposing and evaluating a social marketing intervention directed at sellers in off premise stores.  The study is based on a non randomized quasi experimental design, focusing on an evaluation of the implementation of the "18 rules!" intervention in four cities in Slovenia. Two waves of underage purchase attempts were conducted pre and post intervention in 24 off premise businesses, following a mystery shopping protocol.  The initial rate of retailers' noncompliance with the MLDA law in off premise establishments was high. After the social marketing intervention, an increase with compliance with the law was observed; the proportion of cashiers selling alcohol to minors after the intervention decreased from 96 to 67 per cent. Qualitative insight suggests an existence of retailers' dilemma in complying with the MLDA.  A social marketing approach could contribute to a better understanding of the social working of the MLDA law.  A social marketing approach could complement the usual enforcement strategies and contribute to a better understanding of the social working of the MLDA law, and encourage deliberate retailers' compliance with it while developing valuable exchanges among people and stakeholders.  The paper conceptualizes retailers' dilemma in complying with the minimal legal drinking age law and offers social marketing response to it. Results of the study show that also solely non coercive measures have the potential in increasing retailers' compliance with regulations.
A combination of user guide scheme and kernel descriptor on RGB D data for robust and realtime hand posture recognition
Venue: Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell.

This paper presents a robust and real time hand posture recognition system. To obtain this, key elements of the proposed system contain an user guide scheme and a kernel based hand posture representation. We firstly describe a three stage scheme to train an end user. This scheme aims to adapt environmental conditions (e.g. background images, distance from device to hand/human body) as well as to learn appearance based features such as hand skin color. Thanks to the proposed user guide scheme, we could precisely estimate heuristic parameters which play an important role for detecting and segmenting hand regions. Based on the segmented hand regions, we utilize a kernel based hand representation in which three levels of feature are extracted. Whereas pixel level and patch level are conventional extractions, we construct image level which presents a hand pyramid structure. These representations contribute to a Multi class support vector machine classifier. We evaluate the proposed system in term of the learning time versus the robustness and real time performances. Averagely, the proposed system requires 14s in advanced to guide an end user. However, the hand posture recognition rate obtains 91.2% accuracy. Performance of the proposed system is comparable with state of the art methods (e.g. Pisharady et al. 2012) but it is a real time system. To recognize a posture, its computational cost is only 0.15s. This is significantly faster than works in Pisharady et al. (2012) which required approximately 2min. The proposed methods therefore are feasible to embed into smart devices, particularly, consumer electronics in domain of home automation such as televisions, game consoles, or lighting systems.
The Black Box Society: The Secret Algorithms That Control Money and Information

What is 'subculture? How can participation in subcultures entail both inclusion and exclusion? Do online subcultures share similarities with those rooted in space and place? In Youth Cultures and Subcultures, Sarah Baker, Brady Robards, and Bob Buttigieg bring together an assortment of empirical, theoretical, and methodological papers on Australian youth and their subcultural practices. Four distinct sections focused on theory, space/place, gender, and methods provide insight into both how youth find belonging and how researchers approach this unique topic. From roller derby to nightclubbing, hip hop to DIY 'grrlpower, this collection highlights the variety of the Australian youth subcultural landscape. Many papers explore inequality within and surrounding various youth subcultures: Lebanese youth in Australia navigate specific racial and ethnic tensions, and young women often find themselves sidelined when engaging in straightedge and hardcore music scenes. Authors also interrogate the role of social media and the Internet in creating identities and facilitating subcultures, encouraging readers to think critically about the complexity of subculture, identity, expression, and belonging. While young feminists find voices and empowerment on blogs and social media platforms, other young women use social media to express pain, isolation, and internal struggle. Similarly, while many subcultural spaces help young men cultivate alternative masculinities, they often serve to reify gender hierarchy. Qualitative methods, especially ethnography, predominate; yet the book also features quantitative research, a discussion and application of archival research, and reflections on ethical considerations. This collection of essays provides a glimpse into the diversity of Australia's youth subcultures and offers theoretical and methodological approaches that will benefit both Australian and non Australian scholars interested in qualitative and contemporary theoretical youth and media studies.
The Black Box Society: The Secret Algorithms That Control Money and Information by Pasquale Frank Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2015
Venue: European Journal of Risk Regulation

ThebookTheBlackBoxSociety startswithanaphorism known to most of us: "knowledge is power" but knowledge is also often "a one way mirror" and a source of power imbalance. In the digital age, our lives have become increasingly more exposed to the outside world as we share daily news of our workout routine, eating habits, andprofessional successes and failures on social media. However, while banks and large companies use this data to assess our credit scores, discriminate prices, and determine whether we should be invited for a job interview or not, the lives of these companies remain just as opaque as they were before the emergence of the Internet. Secrecy and transparency are also one way mirrors. In The Black Box Society, Frank Pasquale offers us a systematic analysis of theseproblems, distinguishingbetween different types of secrecy (real secrecy, legal secrecy, and obfuscation) explaining how technology has contributed to the growing complexity and opacity of some sectors, and warning readers against the uncontrolledcollectionofpersonaldata forundesired ends. Pasquale explains how secrecy on the side of companies, has become a powerful business which reduces itself to the sale of individuals' openly available information.Pasqualeunderlines the risksof this secrecy business in the financial sector, where banks have profited from the ignorance of their investors whowere not aware of the value of the products they were buying. In this book, Pasquale clarifies how the Internet, insteadof being the "promised landof transparency" andopen access to information, has become a powerful instrument of obfuscation. The book is divided in six chapters: after a brief roadmap in chapter 1, chapter 2 introduces the reader to the problem of massive data collection and databreaches indifferent sectors; in chapter 3, Pasquale explains "the hidden logics of Internet search;" chapter 4 examines the financial sector and how algorithms have been used to make this sector less transparent to investors; in chapters 5 and 6, the book reminds us that regulators might not need to "reinvent the wheel" in order to regulate "black boxes" Rather, regulators shouldbe able to address algorithmic complexities and uncontrolled data collection used to develop credit scores by applying already existing regulatory instruments and legislation that aims to render corporations more accountable andmore protective of individuals' privacy.