nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Parental death in childhood and self inflicted injuries in young adults a national cohort study from Sweden
Venue: European Child Adolescent Psychiatry

Previous studies have shown that parental death influences health and mortality in bereaved offspring. To date, few studies have examined whether exposure to parental bereavement in childhood is associated with suicidality later in life. The aim of the present research was to investigate whether parental death during childhood influences self inflicted injuries/poisoning in young adulthood. A national cohort born during 1973 1982 (N 871,402) was followed prospectively in the National Patient Discharge Register from age 18 to 31 40 years. Cox regression analyses of proportional hazards, with adjustment for socio demographic confounders and parental psychosocial covariates, were used to test hypotheses regarding parental loss and hospital admission due to self inflicted injuries/poisoning. Parental deaths were divided into deaths caused by (1) external causes/substance abuse and (2) natural causes. Persons who had lost a parent to an external cause/substance abuse related death had the highest risk of being admitted to a hospital for a self inflicted injury/poisoning; HRs 2.03 (1.67 2.46) for maternal death and 2.03 (1.84 2.25) for paternal death, after adjustment for socio demographic confounders and risk factors among surviving parents. Risks were also increased for parental death due to natural causes, but at a lower level: 1.19 (1.01 1.39) and 1.28 (1.15 1.43) respectively. Losing a father before school age was associated with a higher risk of hospital admission for a self inflicted injury/poisoning than was loss at an older age for both genders. Maternal loss before school age was associated with a higher risk only for men, particularly maternal death by natural causes (p 0.01)
Corporate Governance and Financial Restatement in Companies Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE)

Considering the current magnificent increase in the incidence of the restatements in capital market, encourage the researchers to study the causes and consequences of restatements. However, among of these factors, the role of corporate governance mechanism attracted more attention. This paper seeks to examine the relationship between of the corporate governance and the financial restatement in the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) This study evaluates the effects of various independent variables on the financial restatement using a logistic regression analysis approach for 111 companies over a 10 year period (2001 2010) The results indicate that the boards of director independent and auditor tenure are negative significant with financial restatements. Also, the results show that the audit type and the change number of the boards of director are associated with financial restatements positively. However, the empirical evidence indicates that CEO change, CEO tenure, institutional ownership, and the size of the boards of director do not have significant impact on the likelihood of financial restatement. Overall, the results presented in the paper indicate that the week corporate governance can increase financial restatement and decrease financial statement quality probability.
Checkpointing of Parallel MPI Applications using MPI One sided API with Support for Byte addressable Non volatile RAM
Venue: ICCS

The increasing size of computational clusters results in an increasing probability of failures, which in turn requires application checkpointing in order to survive those failures. Traditional checkpointing requires data to be copied from application memory into persistent storage medium, which increases application execution time as it is usually done in a separate step. In this paper we propose to use emerging byte addressable non volatile RAM (NVRAM) as a persistent storage medium and we analyze various methods of making consistent checkpoints with support of MPI one sided API in order to minimize checkpointing overhead. We test our solution on two applications: HPCCG benchmark and PageRank algorithm. Our experiments showed that NVRAM based checkpointing performs much better than traditional disk based approach. We also simulated different possible latencies and bandwidth of future NVRAM and our experiments showed that only bandwidth had visible impact onto application execution time.
Proposal of Separate Channel Fingerprinting Using Bluetooth Low Energy
Venue: 2016 5th IIAI International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics (IIAI AAI)

BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) based localization is a next candidate for indoor localization. In this paper, we propose a new BLE based fingerprinting localization scheme that improves localization accuracy. BLE is a narrow band communication that is highly affected by frequency selective fading and channel gains. We employ channel specific features to location fingerprint to improve localization accuracy. Current BLE standards provide no API to retrieve an advertising channel number. We therefore developed a separate channel advertising scheme to measure RSS (Received Signal Strength) on each advertising channel. To demonstrate the feasibility of the separate channel fingerprinting, we conducted initial evaluations. Experimental evaluations showed that the separate channel fingerprinting improves accuracy by approximately 12%
Learning Distributed Representations of Users for Source Detection in Online Social Networks
Venue: ECML/PKDD

In this paper, we study the problem of source detection in the context of information diffusion through online social networks. We propose a representation learning approach that leads to a robust model able to deal with the sparsity of the data. From learned continuous projections of the users, our approach is able to efficiently predict the source of any newly observed diffusion episode. Our model does not rely neither on a known diffusion graph nor on a hypothetical probabilistic diffusion law, but directly infers the source from diffusion episodes. It is also less complex than alternative state of the art models. It showed good performances on artificial and real world datasets, compared with various state of the art baselines.
DoosMooc An Online Learning Environment Equipped with Innovative Social Interactions D

Recent rapid developments in information and communication technology have particularly facilitated social pervasive interactions with the potential ability to bring about great outcomes for collaborative learning activities. Classic web based learning environments utilized in online or blended learning centers inadequately support learners to play active roles in learning processes. In response to this demand, this paper introduces DoosMooc, an integrated social learning environment equipped by a series of modified or redesigned actions, interfaces, representations and workflows which enable learners' communications and collaborative activities. Using the environment in an academic blended learning center has revealed the significant roles played by DoosMooc main features such as formal and semantic course contents, peer reviewed posting, portfolio, and leader box in facilitating students' social interactions leading to more qualified engagements in course learning activities.
Bio inspired sensitive and reversible mechanochromisms via strain dependent cracks and folds
Venue: Nature communications

A number of marine organisms use muscle controlled surface structures to achieve rapid changes in colour and transparency with outstanding reversibility. Inspired by these display tactics, we develop analogous deformation controlled surface engineering approaches via strain dependent cracks and folds to realize the following four mechanochromic devices: (1) transparency change mechanochromism (TCM) (2) luminescent mechanochromism (LM) (3) colour alteration mechanochromism (CAM) and (4) encryption mechanochromism (EM) These devices are based on a simple bilayer system that exhibits a broad range of mechanochromic behaviours with high sensitivity and reversibility. The TCM device can reversibly switch between transparent and opaque states. The LM can emit intensive fluorescence as stretched with very high strain sensitivity. The CAM can turn fluorescence from green to yellow to orange as stretched within 20% strain. The EM device can reversibly reveal and conceal any desirable patterns.
The Mechanism for Type I Interferon Induction by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is Bacterial Strain Dependent
Venue: PLoS pathogens

Type I interferons (including IFNab) are innate cytokines that may contribute to pathogenesis during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. To induce IFNb, Mtb must gain access to the host cytosol and trigger stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling. A recently proposed model suggests that Mtb triggers STING signaling through bacterial DNA binding cyclic GMP AMP synthase (cGAS) in the cytosol. The aim of this study was to test the generalizability of this model using phylogenetically distinct strains of the Mtb complex (MTBC) We infected bone marrow derived macrophages with strains from MTBC Lineages 2, 4 and 6. We found that the Lineage 6 strain induced less IFNb, and that the Lineage 2 strain induced more IFNb, than the Lineage 4 strain. The strains did not differ in their access to the host cytosol and IFNb induction by each strain required both STING and cGAS. We also found that the three strains shed similar amounts of bacterial DNA. Interestingly, we found that the Lineage 6 strain was associated with less mitochondrial stress and less mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the cytosol compared with the Lineage 4 strain. Treating macrophages with a mitochondria specific antioxidant reduced cytosolic mtDNA and inhibited IFNb induction by the Lineage 2 and 4 strains. We also found that the Lineage 2 strain did not induce more mitochondrial stress than the Lineage 4 strain, suggesting that additional pathways contribute to higher IFNb induction. These results indicate that the mechanism for IFNb by Mtb is more complex than the established model suggests. We show that mitochondrial dynamics and mtDNA contribute to IFNb induction by Mtb. Moreover, we show that the contribution of mtDNA to the IFNb response varies by MTBC strain and that additional mechanisms exist for Mtb to induce IFNb.
Landmark Based Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis Using Longitudinal Structural MR Images
Venue: MCV/BAMBI@MICCAI

In this paper, we propose a landmark based feature extraction method for AD diagnosis using longitudinal structural MR images, which requires no nonlinear registration or tissue segmentation in the application stage and is robust to the inconsistency among longitudinal scans. Specifically, (1) the discriminative landmarks are first automatically discovered from the whole brain, which can be efficiently localized using a fast landmark detection method for the testing images; (2) High level statistical spatial features and contextual longitudinal features are then extracted based on those detected landmarks. Using the spatial and longitudinal features, a linear support vector machine (SVM) is adopted for distinguishing AD subjects from healthy controls (HCs) and also mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects from HCs, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate the competitive classification accuracies, as well as a promising computational efficiency.
RAZOES E INFLUENCIAS PARA A EVASAO UNIVERSITARIA: UM ESTUDO COM ESTUDANTES INGRESSANTES NOS CURSOS DE CIENCIAS CONTABEIS DE INSTITUICOES PUBLICAS FEDERAIS DA REGIAO SUDESTE

A evasao universitaria e um problema que cerca as Instituicoes de Ensino Superior, tanto publicas quanto privadas. O abandono do curso gera desperdicios financeiros, sociais e academicos. Nesse contexto, verifica se uma intensificacao dos estudos sobre evasao no ensino superior nas ultimas decadas, apesar de poucos na area contabil, o que evidencia a necessidade de se estudar esse contexto. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa e buscar evidencias que permitam identificar as variaveis que poderiam determinar a evasao de estudantes do curso de Ciencias Contabeis em IES publicas no seu primeiro ano de graduacao. Adicionalmente, buscou se analisar as caracteristicas socioeconomicas desses estudantes e as possiveis influencias que os fizeram optarem pelo curso. Aplicou se um questionario a 348 estudantes, ingressantes no ano de 2013, em 6 universidades federais da regiao sudeste do Brasil. Percebeu se, que de modo geral, os estudantes nao parecem estar propensos a abandonar o curso, pois dos 20 fatores apresentados como capazes de influencia los na decisao de abandono do curso nenhum obteve media maior que 3,3 (as notas poderiam variar entre 0  Esse resultado pode indicar que os estudantes ingressaram significativamente entusiasmados com o curso, apesar de haver indicios de que a escolha do curso nao foi um processo bem orientado. Exatamente por essa razao, a frustracao que o estudante poderia ter ao perceber suas expectativas frustradas o faria se sentir desmotivado, o que poderia influencia los a abandonar o curso no futuro. Portanto, a conviccao de uma escolha, e o entusiasmo resultante, nao significa que o individuo mostrara as atitudes e habilidades que concretizarao suas pretensoes profissionais e, diante dos obstaculos que colocarao a prova esta certeza e a forca do seu comprometimento poderao ruir e resultar em evasao.
LAVA: Large Scale Automated Vulnerability Addition
Venue: 2016 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)

Work on automating vulnerability discovery has long been hampered by a shortage of ground truth corpora with which to evaluate tools and techniques. This lack of ground truth prevents authors and users of tools alike from being able to measure such fundamental quantities as miss and false alarm rates. In this paper, we present LAVA, a novel dynamic taint analysis based technique for producing ground truth corpora by quickly and automatically injecting large numbers of realistic bugs into program source code. Every LAVA bug is accompanied by an input that triggers it whereas normal inputs are extremely unlikely to do so. These vulnerabilities are synthetic but, we argue, still realistic, in the sense that they are embedded deep within programs and are triggered by real inputs. Using LAVA, we have injected thousands of bugs into eight real world programs, including bash, tshark, and the GNU coreutils. In a preliminary evaluation, we found that a prominent fuzzer and a symbolic execution based bug finder were able to locate some but not all LAVA injected bugs, and that interesting patterns and pathologies were already apparent in their performance. Our work forms the basis of an approach for generating large ground truth vulnerability corpora on demand, enabling rigorous tool evaluation and providing a high quality target for tool developers.
The impacts of professional learning communities on science teachers' knowledge, practice and student learning: a review

The purpose of this article is to provide a review of empirical studies investigating the impact of professional learning communities (PLCs) on science teachers' practices and knowledge. Across 14 articles that satisfied the definition we embraced, most were devoted to the change in science teaching practices, disciplinary content knowledge (DCK) and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of K 12 science teachers. Although a small number of studies have implicit focus on comparing measures of student learning, we set out to examine the studies in science education and present how teachers engaged in PLCs focusing on examining and exploring strategies to promote student learning. Analysis of the related studies resulted in the following: PLCs can help teachers increase their PCK and DCK; increases in PCK and DCK may facilitate the change in teacher practices from traditional into more inquiry based approaches; science teachers collaboratively focusing on student learning in PLCs are more likely to change their practice; and studies do not embrace student learning as an essential feature of PLCs. Methodological flaws and future directions along with implications for science teachers' professional development are discussed.
Predictors for local invasive recurrence of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: a meta analysis
Venue: European journal of cancer prevention the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation

The introduction of mammographic screening has considerably increased the detection rate of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) which has a high probability of recurrence. We carried out a meta analysis to evaluate the predictive factors including biomarkers, tumor characteristics, and modes of detection on the risk of local invasive recurrence (LIR) following DCIS. Searches were performed in PubMed and EMBASE up to 8 July 2014. Risk estimates (hazard ratios, odds ratios, and relative risks) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted to calculate the strength of the associations between predictive factors and the risk of LIR after treatment of DCIS. STATA 12.0 was used to combine results in this meta analysis. A total of 18 articles were included in the analysis. Pooled risk estimates and 95% CIs were 1.36 (1.04 1.69) for the positive margin, 1.38 (1.12 1.63) for the nonscreening detection method, 1.04 (0.84 1.24) for high nuclear grade 1, 1.32 (0.98 1.66) for intermediate nuclear grade 2, 1.18 (0.98 1.37) for comedonecrosis, 1.00 (0.92 1.08) for large tumor size, 1.34 (0.82 1.87) for multifocality, 0.74 (0.36 1.12) for estrogen receptor positive tumors, 0.89 (0.47 1.31) for progesterone receptor positive tumors, and 1.25 (0.7 1.81) for HER2/neu positive tumors. Positive margin and non screening detected cancers were associated with a higher risk of LIR following DCIS. These predictive factors, after further validation, could be considered to tailor treatment for individual patients.
Spiritual health in cancer patients at OMID hospital affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 2012

For downloading the full text of this article please click here.  Due to high prevalence of cancer and its destructive impact on spiritual health of patients, this study aim to investigate Spiritual health in cancer patients at OMID hospital affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 2012.  In this descriptive cross sectional study, the study population was 106 cancer patients referred to hospital. Paloutzian Ellison questionnaire (1982) and convenience sampling were used to collect data which were analyzed using SPSS 16.  The mean scores of spiritual health, religious health and existential health were 97+ 1.2, 52.1+ 6.4 and 44.8+ 8.4 respectively .There was not statistical significant relationship between Spiritual health and demographic factors.  Spiritual health in cancer patients was intermediate. Promotion of spiritual health in diseases such as cancer that it is effective on the body, mind and spirit be taken into consideration specifically, because the Promotion of spiritual health leads to physical and mental health promotion.  Cancer, Spiritual health, Hospital For downloading the full text of this article please click here.
A Neural Network based Model for Determining Overall Aspect Weights in Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis

Opinion mining and sentiment analysis has recently attracting many studies in the field of text mining and knowledge discovery. Its task is to identify and analyze subjective information of customers' opinion from social media sources in the Web. The two kinds of objects of this study are products and product's aspects which are given in reviews from sources such as social networks, merchant sites, blogs, forums. This paper focuses on determining the important degree of aspects given a set of reviews. Suppose that each given review is assigned with aspects' ratings and overall rating. Under our opinion, the overall rating of a review is derived from its aspect ratings. This observation inspires us to formulate these factors in a neural network. This proposed model can generate the weights for aspects which reflect aspects' important degrees. Doing experiment for this model, we use a dataset of 397528 reviews of 2558 hotels which are collected from an well known tourist website tripadvisor.com. Five common aspects are used include "cleanliness" "location" "service" "room" and "value" The obtained experimental result shows that our proposed method outperforms some well known studies for the same problem such as the probabilistic rating regression method or the frequency based method.
Internet Use among University Students in South West Bank: Prevalence, Advantages and Disadvantages, and Association with Psychological Health
Venue: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction

University students are frequently using the Internet for educational purposes and for other purposes. Recently, there is a debate on advantages and disadvantages of Internet use and its effects on the students' psychological health. This study examines the prevalence of Internet use, its advantages and disadvantages, and its relationship with the psychological health of university students in the southern part of the West Bank. Mixed methods employing sequential exploratory design were used. Three focused groups were included to inform the development of the cross sectional survey. Then, a convenience sample of 144 students from three universities in the south West Bank completed the survey. The results revealed that 96 of university students reported using the Internet. Different advantages and disadvantages of using the Internet among students were emphasized. A high rate of Internet use was associated with students' poor psychological health. Internet use has negative and positive educational, social and psychological consequences for students. However, advantages of Internet use were shown to be more than its disadvantages.
"You're Asian; You're supposed to be smart" Adolescents' experiences with the Model Minority Stereotype and longitudinal links with identity.

Asian Americans are frequently perceived as a model minority, which encompasses a multifaceted and stereotyped portrayal of hard work and success. This study examines developmental trends in adolescents' experiences with the Model Minority Stereotype (MMS) during adolescence, the valence of feelings about the MMS, and the associations between experiences, feelings, and ethnic identity. Survey data were collected annually from 159 Asian American adolescents throughout high school. Results revealed that MMS experiences increased over time, but feelings remained consistent in valence. Experiences and feelings predicted ethnic identity both concurrently and longitudinally, but ethnic identity predicted experiences only concurrently and did not predict the valence of feelings. Discussion focuses on how adolescents' attitudes toward a complex ethnic stereotype may evolve as they establish or fail to establish a connection to their cultural background.