nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Conceptualising the Australian Telecommunications Industry Self Regulation Scheme in the Context of Australian Judicial System and Administrative Justice

The public ombudsman plays an irreplaceable role as an important redress mechanism for individual grievances and as a "watch dog" to administrative justice. Since the 1980s, private sector ombudsmen have emerged and proliferated. This rapid development has resulted in some significant controversies. Unfortunately, many of these controversies have not been sufficiently addressed to date. By analysing the Telecommunications Industry Ombudsmen (TIO) as a case study, this article seeks to examine the nature of the private sector ombudsmen and its changing position in relation to administrative justice. Here, the key claim is that the TIO is substituting courts with respect to consumer matters rising from its service sector. Stemming from this claim, this article further argues that the current TIO scheme presents an inappropriate and unreliable situation where the private sector ombudsmen may provide differing rights and remedies from those available in the Courts. Furthermore, consistency in decision making by private sector ombudsmen can be problematic, and fair procedure requirements remain untested by the courts. In order to resolve these issues, private sector ombudsmen, like the TIO, should be subject to a closer monitoring process. As a preliminary measure, an authoritative and standardised quality control assurance mechanism should be established to ensure that consumer complaints are effectively received and fairly handled.
Association Between Indoor Tanning and Melanoma in Younger Men and Women.
Venue: JAMA dermatology

In the United States and Minnesota, melanoma incidence is rising more steeply among women than men younger than 50 years. To our knowledge, no study has examined age and sex specific associations between indoor tanning and melanoma to determine if these trends could be due to greater indoor tanning use among younger women.  To examine associations between indoor tanning and melanoma among men and women younger than 50 years.  Population based case control study conducted in Minnesota of 681 patients (465 [68.3% women) diagnosed as having melanoma between 2004 and 2007, and 654 controls (446 [68.2% women) ages 25 to 49 years. EXPOSURE Indoor tanning, defined as any use, first age of use, and total sessions.  Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated for melanoma in relation to indoor tanning exposure for men and women by diagnosis or reference age <30, 30 39, 40 49 years) Sex specific associations for indoor tanning and melanoma by anatomic site were examined.  Compared with women aged 40 to 49 years, women younger than 40 years initiated indoor tanning at a younger age (16 vs 25 years, P .001) and reported more frequent indoor tanning (median number of sessions, 100 vs 40, P .001) Women younger than 30 years were 6 times more likely to be in the case than the control group if they tanned indoors (crude OR, 6.0; 95% CI, 1.3 28.5) Odds ratios were also significantly elevated among women, ages 30 to 49 years (adjusted OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.2 9.7 for women 30 39 years; adjusted OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.4 3.6 for women 40 49 years) a dose response was observed among women regardless of age. Among men, results by age were inconsistent. The strongest OR for indoor tanning by anatomic site was for melanomas arising on the trunk of women (adjusted OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 1.9 7.2)  Indoor tanning is a likely factor for the steeper increase in melanoma rates in the United States among younger women compared with men, given the timing of when women initiated indoor tanning relative to diagnosis. The melanoma epidemic can be expected to continue unless indoor tanning is restricted and reduced.
The mirror neuron system also rests
Venue: Brain Structure and Function

The mirror neuron system (MNS) is a brain network that has been associated with the understanding of the actions performed by others. The main areas of the brain that are considered as belonging to the MNS are the rostral part of the inferior parietal lobe (IPL) and the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) Many studies have tried to focus on the relationship between the regions belonging to the MNS, but a little consideration has been given to the study of the MNS in resting conditions. In the present experiment, the MNS has been studied by two fMRI modalities (task based fMRI and resting fMRI) and three analytical procedures [task block comparison, functional connectivity (FC) and independent component analysis (ICA) The task fMRI with block design showed a mirror activity located in the rostral IPL. The coordinates of this local maximum voxel were defined as a region of interest (ROI) for an FC analysis of the resting fMRI. This analysis revealed the existence of a functional connectivity within regions forming the core of MNS network and also with other regions with mirror properties. Finally, resting state fMRI ICA showed the same functional network, although it was more restricted to the core MNS regions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that approaches the MNS using the resting state fMRI analysis using independent component analysis and functional connectivity at the same time.
Mu suppression A good measure of the human mirror neuron system?
Venue: Cortex

Mu suppression has been proposed as a signature of the activity of the human mirror neuron system (MNS) However the mu frequency band (8 13 Hz) overlaps with the alpha frequency band, which is sensitive to attentional fluctuation, and thus mu suppression could potentially be confounded by changes in attentional engagement. The specific baseline against which mu suppression is assessed may be crucial, yet there is little consistency in how this is defined. We examined mu suppression in 61 typical adults, the largest mu suppression study so far conducted. We compared different methods of baselining, and examined activity at central and occipital electrodes, to both biological (hands) and non biological (kaleidoscope) moving stimuli, to investigate the involvement of attention and alpha activity in mu suppression. We also examined changes in beta power, another candidate index of MNS engagement. We observed strong mu suppression restricted to central electrodes when participants performed hand movements, demonstrating that mu is indeed responsive to the activity of the motor cortex. However, when we looked for a similar signature of mu suppression to passively observed stimuli, the baselining method proved to be crucial. Selective suppression for biological versus non biological stimuli was seen at central electrodes only when we used a within trial baseline based on a static stimulus: this method greatly reduced trial by trial variation in the suppression measure compared with baselines based on blank trials presented in separate blocks. Even in this optimal condition, 16 21% of participants showed no mu suppression. Changes in beta power also did not match our predicted pattern for MNS engagement, and did not seem to offer a better measure than mu. Our conclusions are in contrast to those of a recent meta analysis, which concluded that mu suppression is a valid means to examine mirror neuron activity. We argue that mu suppression can be used to index the human MNS, but the effect is weak and unreliable and easily confounded with alpha suppression.
The mirror mechanism: a basic principle of brain function
Venue: Nature Reviews Neuroscience

The mirror mechanism is a basic brain mechanism that transforms sensory representations of others' behaviour into one's own motor or visceromotor representations concerning that behaviour. According to its location in the brain, it may fulfil a range of cognitive functions, including action and emotion understanding. In each case, it may enable a route to knowledge of others' behaviour, which mainly depends on one's own motor or visceromotor representations.
Towards comparison of underwater SLAM methods: An open dataset collection
Venue: OCEANS 2016 MTS/IEEE Monterey

In this paper, we present an open collection of simulated datasets produced using the Underwater Simulator (UWSim) These datasets contain several trajectories in simulated scenarios with various levels of turbidity. Also, several sensor to estimate the robot displacement are available. The ground truth is available by using Global Positioning System data. Those information can be used to analyse and to perform Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) A comparative study between a bio inspired approach and one of the most adopted algorithm in SLAM, the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is produced using the datasets.
SLAMfusion: Fusing SLAM Methods for Improved Robustness
Venue: 2016 International Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions (ICARSC)

There are multiple approaches for SLAM, but we found the the ones implemented in ROS had problems when a robot drove over small obstacles. This paper presents a proposal to make a more robust SLAM by running three SLAM methods in parallel and using their information to produce a better estimate of the robot's surroundings. The proposed method defines its output by making the three methods vote for the value of each pixel in the map. To deal with the increased computational complexity, the method is implemented in the GPU. The performed experiments show that our method shows smaller error than any of the three fused methods alone both when there are ground obstacles that induce map errors and also when no obstacles are present, thus presenting in fact an increase in robustness.
Who likes to learn new things: measuring adult motivation to learn with PIAAC data from 21 countries

BackgroundDespite the importance of lifelong learning as a key to individual and societal prosperity, we know little about adult motivation to engage in learning across the lifespan. Building on educational psychological approaches, this article presents a measure of Motivation to Learn using four items from the background questionnaire of the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC).MethodsWe used multiple group confirmatory factor analyses for ordered categorical data to investigate the scale's dimensionality and measurement invariance across countries. Regression analyses were used to investigate the scale's criterion validity.ResultsResults show that the proposed four item scale fits the data considerably better than the original six item scale labeled Readiness to Learn. Further analyses support the scale's configural, metric (weak) and partial scalar (strong) measurement invariance across 21 countries. As expected, Motivation to Learn has significant relations to the working population's engagement in learning in terms of participation in non formal education over the last 12 months. These relations remain relevant after taking literacy as an indicator of level of education into account.ConclusionThe Motivation to Learn scale presented here may be used to indicate adult motivation in cross country comparisons. The potential of using the scale in future PIAAC analyses and research on adult learning is discussed.
Supercritical fluid extraction of bioactive compounds

An ideal extraction method should be swift, yield quantitative recovery without degradation, and the extracts should be easily separated from the solvent. The development and application of alternative green technology to replace conventional extraction methods with improved extraction efficiency and low environmental impact for the determination of natural bioactive compounds is therefore, highly important. Supercritical fluid technology offers features that overcome many limitations of conventional extraction methods. This review presents an analytical overview regarding the application of supercritical fluids in the extraction of bioactive compounds and their operative extraction conditions, along with the investigation of further improvements on the extraction efficiency and the applied techniques for the structural characterization and identification of such bioactive compounds.
Supercritical Fluid Extraction Of Nutraceuticals And Bioactive Compounds

Fundamentals of Supercritical Fluid Technology, S. Pereda, S.B. Bottini, and E.Brignole Supercritical Extraction Plants: Equipment, Process and Costs, J.L. Martinez and S. Vance Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Specialty Oils, F. Temelli, M.D.A Saldana, P.H.L. Moquin, and M. Sun Extraction and Purification of Natural Tocopherols by Supercritical Fluids, T. Fang, M.Goto, M. Sasaki, and D.Yang Processing of Fish Oils by Supercritical Fluids, W. Eltringham and O.J. Catchpole Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Active Compounds from Algae, R. Mendes Application of Supercritical Fluids in Traditional Chinese Medicines and Natural Products, S.Li Extraction of bioactive compounds from Latin American Plants, M.A. Meireles Antioxidant Extraction by Supercritical Fluids, B. Diaz Reinoso, A. Moure, H. Dominguez, and J.C.Parajo Essential Oils Extraction and Fractionation using Supercritical Fluids, E. Reverchon and I. De Marco Processing of Spices using Supercritical Fluids, M. Mukhopadhyay Preparation and Processing of Micro and Nano Scale Materials by Supercritical Fluid Technology, W. Weidner and M. Petermann
RotorS A Modular Gazebo MAV Simulator Framework

In this chapter we present a modular Micro Aerial Vehicle (MAV) simulation framework, which enables a quick start to perform research on MAVs. After reading this chapter, the reader will have a ready to use MAV simulator, including control and state estimation. The simulator was designed in a modular way, such that different controllers and state estimators can be used interchangeably, while incorporating new MAVs is reduced to a few steps. The provided controllers can be adapted to a custom vehicle by only changing a parameter file. Different controllers and state estimators can be compared with the provided evaluation framework. The simulation framework is a good starting point to tackle higher level tasks, such as collision avoidance, path planning, and vision based problems, like Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) on MAVs. All components were designed to be analogous to its real world counterparts. This allows the usage of the same controllers and state estimators, including their parameters, in the simulation as on the real MAV.
Suppression of Kasha's rule as a mechanism for fluorescent molecular rotors and aggregation induced emission
Venue: Nature Chemistry

Although there are some proposed explanations for aggregation induced emission, a phenomenon with applications that range from biosensors to organic light emitting diodes, current understanding of the quantum mechanical origin of this photophysical behaviour is limited. To address this issue, we assessed the emission properties of a series of BF2 hydrazone based dyes as a function of solvent viscosity. These molecules turned out to be highly efficient fluorescent molecular rotors. This property, in addition to them being aggregation induced emission luminogens, enabled us to probe deeper into their emission mechanism. Time dependent density functional theory calculations and experimental results showed that the emission is not from the S1 state, as predicted from Kasha's rule, but from a higher energy >S1) state. Furthermore, we found that suppression of internal conversion to the dark S1 state by restricting the rotor rotation enhances fluorescence, which leads to the proposal that suppression of Kasha's rule is the photophysical mechanism responsible for emission in both viscous solution and the solid state. A family of fluorescent molecular rotors has been developed and their mechanism for emission understood. It has been observed that, although most fluorescent molecules emit from their lowest energy excited state, S1 (in accordance with Kasha's rule) BODIHY dyes do not. Furthermore, their fluorescence is enhanced through restricted rotor rotation, which suppresses internal conversion to the dark S1 state.
Pareto fronts for coils' efficiency versus stray magnetic field in inductive power transfer
Venue: 2016 IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies: Wireless Power Transfer (WoW)

Coils' efficiency and stray magnetic field should be optimized together when designing coils for inductive power transfer. Multi objective optimization using Pareto front is a suitable method. It also provides a straightforward and accurate insight of the relationship between coils' efficiency and stray magnetic field since all the solutions along the fronts are optimized structures. In this paper, Pareto fronts for coils' efficiency versus stray magnetic field are used to design coils and investigate efficiency field relationship for inductive power transfer with different air gaps between transmitter and receiver coils. Procedure to derive the Pareto fronts based on parametric sweep in finite element simulation is also demonstrated. Accuracy of FES is validated with experiment.
Six Degrees of Freedom Mobile Inductive Power Transfer by Crossed Dipole Tx and Rx Coils
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics

Crossed dipole coils for the wide range 3 D omnidirectional inductive power transfer (IPT) are proposed. Free positioning of a plane receiving (Rx) coil is obtained for an arbitrary direction within 1m from a plane transmission (Tx) coil. Both the Tx and Rx coils consists of crossed dipole coils with an orthogonal phase difference; hence, a rotating magnetic field is generated from the Tx, which enables the Rx to receive power vertically or horizontally. Thus, the 3 D omnidirectional IPT is first realized for both the plate type Tx and Rx coils, which is crucial for practical applications, where volumetric coil structure is highly prohibited. This optimized configuration of coils has been obtained through a general classification of power transfer and searching for mathematical constraints on multi D omnidirectional IPT. Conventional loop coils are thoroughly analyzed, and verified to be inadequate for the plate type omnidirectional IPT in this paper. Simulation based design of the proposed crossed dipole coils for a uniform magnetic field distribution is provided, and the 3 D omnidirectional IPT is experimentally verified by prototype Rx coils for a wireless power' zone of 1 m3 with a prototype Tx coil of 1 m2 at an operating frequency of 280 kHz, meeting the power matters alliance. The maximum overall efficiency was 33.6% when the input power was 100 W.
Efficient near field inductive wireless power transfer for miniature implanted devices using strongly coupled magnetic resonance at 5.8 GHz
Venue: 2016 Texas Symposium on Wireless and Microwave Circuits and Systems (WMCS)

In this paper, an efficient wireless power transfer (WPT) design using near field inductive 4 coil strongly coupled magnetic resonance (SCMR) for powering up miniature biosensors at the ISM band of 5.8 GHz is proposed and analyzed. The miniature device has a tiny square planar inductor of size 110 x 110 mm as a receiver (RX) coil integrated on a standard silicon substrate. Another planar coil of 3 mm in diameter is designed on a FR4 substrate as the transmitting (TX) coil, which is fixed at 1 mm away from the RX coil in this study. The corresponding 4 coil SCMR system has the same TX and RX coils but with two relay coils between them, where the closest distance from the relay coil to the RX coil is also fixed at 1 mm. Analytic equations are used to describe the design for both scenarios, and 3 Dimensional (3 D) S parameter and B Field electromagnetic (EM) simulations show that the optimized 4 coil system consistently outperforms the optimized 2 coil WPT system by ~6 7 dB, reaching an impressive inductive power coupling of 20.2 dB (i.e. 1% power transfer efficiency) unto the tiny RX coil for potentially powering up novel implantable and other miniature devices without bulky batteries.
Transmitter coil design for resonant wireless power transfer
Venue: 2016 IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies: Wireless Power Transfer (WoW)

The paper discusses the Tx coil design for resonant wireless power transfer. Resonant power transfer has attractive features over inductive power transfer i.e. multi device charging and spatial flexibility, both require large coil size. However, the coil size cannot exceed a certain limit to guarantee efficient power transfer. The Tx coil design impacts the whole system performance, we show how it impacts the PA behavior, the system reliability, and the design space. The power coupling for planar coils takes place through the normal magnetic field component Hz, hence, that field component should be uniform as we are going to show. Based on field uniformity a Tx coil synthesis process is introduced, where the coil turns shape are optimized to produce the minimum field variation, only low computational burden magnetic equations can be used to permit the high number of iterations, the final design is verified using a 3D Full wave EM tool.
MODEL TIKUS DIABETES YANG DIINDUKSI STREPTOZOTOCINSUKROSA UNTUK PENDEKATAN PENELITIAN DIABETES MELITUS GESTASIONAL

Diabetes melitus gestasional (DMG) merupakan intoleransi glukosa pada berbagai tingkatan yang terjadi selama kehamilan. DMG pada wanita meningkatkan risiko kematian sebelum kelahiran pada ibu dan bayinya, tingkat kesakitan pada ibu dan meningkatkan risiko berkembangnya DM tipe 2 setelah melahirkan. Penggunaan hewan coba alternatif dengan metode yang tepat dalam penelitian DMG dengan pendekatan DM tipe 2 telah banyak dilakukan dan cukup mendesak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah induksi Streptozotocin sukrosa dapat menghasilkan DM tipe 2 pada tikus yang dapat digunakan sebagai pendekatan dalam penelitian DMG. Peneltian ini bersifat eksperimental, tikus Sprague Dawley jantan berjumlah 45 ekor berusia 6 minggu dialokasikan pada 2 kelompok: kontrol (n=5) dan diabetes (n=40) Kelompok kontrol diinjeksi secara intraperitoneal dengan phosphat buffer saline (PBS) tanpa sukrosa dan kelompok diabetes diinjeksi secara intraperitonela dengan streptozotocin (STZ) dosis 40 mg/kg berat badan dan diberikan 30% sukrosa secaraad libitum, pengukuran glukosa darah puasa dan berat badan dilakukan tiap 3 hari. Setelah minggu ke 4 perlakuan, terdapat 24 tikus pada kelompok diabetes dengan glukosa darah puasa diatas 126 mg/dL dan menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan glukosa darah (p<0.05) dan peningkatan berat badan (p<0.05) dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Induksi STZ sukrosa dapat menghasilkan DM tipe 2 pada tikus Sprague dawley Jantan dan dapat digunakan sebagai pendekatan peneltian DMG.
Are Chronic Periodontitis and Gingivitis Associated with Dementia? A Nationwide, Retrospective, Matched Cohort Study in Taiwan
Venue: Neuroepidemiology

Chronic periodontitis and gingivitis are associated with various diseases; however, their impact on dementia is yet to be elucidated. This study is aimed at investigating the association between chronic periodontitis and gingivitis, and the risk of developing dementia.  A total of 2,207 patients, with newly diagnosed chronic periodontitis and gingivitis between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2000, were selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, along with 6,621 controls matched for sex and age. After adjusting for confounding factors, Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to compare the risk of developing dementia during the 10 year follow up period.  Of the study subjects, 25 (1.13% developed dementia compared to 61 (0.92% in the control group. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that the study subjects were more likely to develop dementia (hazard ratio (HR) 2.085, 95% CI 1.552 4.156, p 0.001) After adjusting for sex, age, monthly income, urbanization level, geographic region, and comorbidities, the HR for dementia was 2.54 (95% CI 1.297 3.352, p 0.002)  Patients with chronic periodontitis and gingivitis have a higher risk of developing dementia. However, further studies on other large or national data sets are required to support the current findings.