nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Extended Chain Lamella Formation Characteristics of Main Chain Smectic Liquid Crystalline Copolyesters Comprising Different Length Units

A series of liquid crystal (LC) PB 8/12 copolyesters have been synthesized from 4,4' biphenol with sebacic acid and tetradecanedioic acid, and their LC structures and morphologies have been examined. The copolyesters formed smectic I (SmI) LCs similarly as to the corresponding PB 8 and PB 12 homopolyesters; however, dissimilarity of the comonomer lengths decreased the smectic layer order while sustaining the hexagonal order in the lateral packing of the chains. The SmI LCs consisted of 100 nm thick lamellae stacked along the polymer chain direction. The lamella thicknesses are more than two times greater than the thicknesses of the homopolyesters and comparable to or greater than the chain contour lengths, indicating the formation of extended chain lamellae.
Can You Really Make Profit from Online Rating Manipulations? An Empirical Study
Venue: 2016 IEEE 40th Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

Social media, including online user generated ratings/reviews, are transforming the way people make their decisions. In today's e commerce, many online vendors disguise as real users to provide overly inflated ratings on their own products (self boosting) or negative ratings on their competitors' products (bad mouthing) The underlying assumption is that such manipulations are profitable. However, it has never been explicitly and empirically tested. This study takes the initiative to quantify the effect of rating manipulation. We find that products with different popularity, age, and existing ratings are affected by rating manipulation differently. In some cases, being opposite to vendors' expectation, self boosting manipulation can hurt the sales of their own products, Bad mouthing can even help the target competitors to grow on the market. The risk of shooting themselves in the foot would discourage online vendors from manipulating online ratings. Furthermore, online platforms can also rely on our findings to pay special attention to detecting ratings of some particular products, which have strong economic incentives to manipulate online ratings.
Exploring the intention behavior link in student entrepreneurship: Moderating effects of individual and environmental characteristics

Entrepreneurial intentions lie at the foundation of entrepreneurial process. Yet the available evidence suggests that not every entrepreneurial intention is eventually transformed into actual behavior starting and operating a new venture. Although studies in other research domains suggest high level of intention behavior correlation, the studies of intention behavior relationship in entrepreneurship are scarce. Using the data from the 2013/2014 Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students' Survey, we scrutinize the intention action gap among student entrepreneurs, attributing it to the contextual factors, i.e. individual (family entrepreneurial background, age, gender) and environmental characteristics (university environment, uncertainty avoidance) affecting the translation of entrepreneurial intentions into entrepreneurial actions.
Using Video Modeling with Voiceover Instruction Plus Feedback to Train Staff to Implement Direct Teaching Procedures
Venue: Behavior analysis in practice

Direct teaching procedures are often an important part of early intensive behavioral intervention for consumers with autism spectrum disorder. In the present study, a video model with voiceover (VMVO) instruction plus feedback was evaluated to train three staff trainees to implement a most to least direct (MTL) teaching procedure. Probes for generalization were conducted with untrained direct teaching procedures (i.e. least to most, prompt delay) and with an actual consumer. The results indicated that VMVO plus feedback was effective in training the staff trainees to implement the MTL procedure. Although additional feedback was required for the staff trainees to show mastery of the untrained direct teaching procedures (i.e. least to most and prompt delay) and with an actual consumer, moderate to high levels of generalization were observed.
Direct teaching algorithm based on task assistance for machine tending
Venue: 2016 13th International Conference on Ubiquitous Robots and Ambient Intelligence (URAI)

Much research has been done on direct teaching in which an operator directly teaches a robot its task by hand guiding. In this study, we propose a novel algorithm to add virtual stiffness to a robot based on its task without changing the mode of teaching. The proposed algorithm defines the task assistance domains with spherical, cylindrical, and hexahedral shapes depending on the task environment. Inside this domain, stiffness is added to assist the operator in teaching the robot. At the boundary of the task assistance domain, stiffness is gradually changed to avoid the instability due to an abrupt change in stiffness. The proposed method was implemented on a 6 DOF industrial robot performing direct teaching for machine tending to demonstrate its feasibility. The experiments show that the operator can perform direct teaching more efficiently and this algorithm is particularly good for repetitive teaching on a small batch production.
Control and modeling for direct teaching of industrial articulated robotic arms
Venue: 2016 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

This paper presents an improved force free control method based on current, which can be applied to industrial articulated robotic arms with large mass and large friction torque for direct teaching. Three kinds of torques that influence direct teaching are analyzed, and thus a calibration method and a compensation model are proposed. The model has been demonstrated effective through experiments. Considering the issue of large inertia, some security strategies are proposed at last and also well testified.
Automated visual fruit detection for harvest estimation and robotic harvesting
Venue: 2016 Sixth International Conference on Image Processing Theory, Tools and Applications (IPTA)

Fully automated detection and localisation of fruit in orchards are key components in creating automated robotic harvesting systems. During recent years a lot of research on this topic has been performed, either using basic computer vision techniques, like colour based segmentation, or by resorting to other sensors, like LWIR, hyperspectral or 3D. Recent advances in computer vision present a broad range of advanced object detection techniques that could improve the quality of fruit detection from RGB images drastically. We suggest to use an object categorisation framework based on boosted cascades of weak classifiers to implement a fully automated semi supervised fruit detector and demonstrate it on both strawberries and apples. Compared to existing techniques we improved fruit detection, mainly in the case of fruit clusters, using a supervised machine learning instead of hand crafting image filters specific to the application. Moreover we integrate application specific colour information to ensure a more stable output of our fully automated detection algorithm. Finally we make suggestions for efficient fruit cluster separation. The developed technique is validated on both strawberries and apples and is proven to have large benefits in the field of automated harvest and crop estimation.
Innovative Sport Consumption Experience: An Empirical Test in Spectator and Participant Sports

Understanding what aspects of sport consumption experiences are necessary to be innovative to gain and sustain long term competitive advantage is a key issue in sport marketing. Presented herein is a multi dimensional conceptualization of innovative sport consumption experiences, including six dimensions: sport performance, aesthetic environment, facility convenience, online services, brand community, and loyalty programs. Data were collected from spectators at a professional baseball game and users of a running station in Japan. Through a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) we assessed the construct and nomological validity of the proposed scale to measure the innovative sport consumption experience. In both settings, aesthetic environment innovativeness was the dominant factor in enhancing consumer satisfaction and brand attitude. Furthermore, the effects of brand community innovativeness on consumer satisfaction, brand attitude, and behavioral intentions were positive and significant for the baseball sample, while online services innovativeness positively influenced consumer satisfaction and brand attitude in the running station setting. The proposed framework was a useful model for understanding consumers' assessments of innovative sport consumption experiences based on specific innovation points.
Impact Of Organisational Politics On Job Dissatisfaction And Turnover Intention: An Application Of Social Exchange Theory On Employees Working In Zimbabwean Small And Medium Enterprises (SMEs)

Organizational politics has been seen as detrimental to the smooth running of firms. Despite increasing awareness of the importance of managing the negative effects of organizational politics at the workplace, research on consequences relating to employees' perceptions of the same in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Africa, especially Zimbabwe in particular, has received little attention. This paper uses Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to test the causal relationships between the three variables which are organizational politics, job dissatisfaction and turnover intention. Amos 23.0 software has been used as it is the current software on the market for SEM usage. Therefore, using data of 154 SMEs in Zimbabwe, this paper examines the effects of employees' perceptions of organizational politics on job dissatisfaction and turnover intentions. All the posited three hypotheses were supported by the sample data. Managerial implications of the findings are discussed and limitations and future research directions are indicated.
Development, implementation, and evaluation of a mental rehearsal strategy to improve clinical performance and reduce stress: A mixed methods study.
Venue: Nurse education today

Mental rehearsal is a form of mental training that has been used by physicians and nurses to improve performance of clinical skills, and as a vital component of stress management training. To help novice nurses deal with often stressful clinical events that require the processing of information essential to patient management, a mental rehearsal strategy was developed and implemented in a Year 3 nursing simulation program. Inherent to mental rehearsal is imagery, which facilitates cognitive and affective modification, and reduction of extraneous cognitive load. As such, it was expected that the mental rehearsal strategy would improve students' performance and reduce stress in managing deteriorating patients.  The study used a mixed methods design. Eighteen Year 3 nursing students participated in the pre and post design study, which consisted of the development and implementation of a mental rehearsal strategy. The Rescuing A Patient In Deteriorating Situations (RAPIDS) tool was used to assess performance. Heart rates and systolic blood pressures were used to measure stress. The State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used as a psychological measure of stress/anxiety. Five participants were involved in a focus group discussion that evaluated the usefulness of the mental rehearsal strategy.  There was a significant improvement in performance (P<0.05) However, post test heart rate and systolic blood pressure were not significantly different from pre test measures. A comparison of STAI results did not show significant differences between pre and post test state anxiety and pre and post test trait anxiety. Three themes emerged from the focus group interview: managing stress, using a mental framework, and integrating realistic simulations with the mental rehearsal strategy.  The mental rehearsal strategy for deteriorating patient management can be valuable based on the findings on performance and based on the participants' feedback. Its role in reducing stress, however, needs further evaluation.
Beyond the 'east west' dichotomy: Global variation in cultural models of selfhood.
Venue: Journal of experimental psychology. General

Markus and Kitayama's (1991) theory of independent and interdependent self construals had a major influence on social, personality, and developmental psychology by highlighting the role of culture in psychological processes. However, research has relied excessively on contrasts between North American and East Asian samples, and commonly used self report measures of independence and interdependence frequently fail to show predicted cultural differences. We revisited the conceptualization and measurement of independent and interdependent self construals in 2 large scale multinational surveys, using improved methods for cross cultural research. We developed (Study 1: N 2924 students in 16 nations) and validated across cultures (Study 2: N 7279 adults from 55 cultural groups in 33 nations) a new 7 dimensional model of self reported ways of being independent or interdependent. Patterns of global variation support some of Markus and Kitayama's predictions, but a simple contrast between independence and interdependence does not adequately capture the diverse models of selfhood that prevail in different world regions. Cultural groups emphasize different ways of being both independent and interdependent, depending on individualism collectivism, national socioeconomic development, and religious heritage. Our 7 dimensional model will allow future researchers to test more accurately the implications of cultural models of selfhood for psychological processes in diverse ecocultural contexts.
Perceptions on M Learning through WhatsApp application

Mobile learning is an emerging platform for students to learn through smartphones. Though introduced ten years back this mode of learning is gaining importance. With the prevalence of smartphones use in medical college campuses among the students and faculty, it has become an interesting and immediate tool to be imparted into teaching learning programs. Here in this study we used one of the mobile communication Application the WhatsApp to disseminate subject contents during the study leave period of our I MBBS students.  To determine the perceptions of this WhatsApp learning methodology as a M learning tool to teach physiology.  I MBBS students (n=106) participated in this study. Group admin posted optimal contents as short messages through the WhatsApp every evening. At the end of 40days with the completion of the portion pertaining to practical physiology, a questionnaire was designed in google forms and posted into the group with a request for everyone to submit their responses. Responses were populated in a google spreadsheet and then analysed to be reported in percentage of the total. The open ended question was qualitatively analysed and themes identified.  Most of the participants liked M learning through WhatsApp. There is an immediate acceptance of M learning methodology by our medical students.  The positive attitude towards M learning among medical students is very promising for a paradigm shift of E learning to M learning. With rapid advancement of mobile technology and the availability of smartphones in every students hand we conclude that there is big scope for this methodology to be used for medical education.  M learning, Medical education, Physiology
Adaptive RBFNN control of robot manipulators with finite time convergence
Venue: IECON 2016 42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society

In this paper, the position tracking control with finite time convergence has been studied for a class of nonlinear uncertain robot manipulators. Radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) based adaptive control is designed to compensate for the effect of the unknown dynamics. To achieve the finite time convergence of both trajectory tracking error and RBFNN learning error, barrier Lyapunov functions (BLFs) and and filtering techniques are employed to design a performance function and a tracking error region to ensure position tracking error converge to a pair of specified bounds in a finite time. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed control method is tested and verified by simulation studies.
Leadership Perspectives of Chief Student Affairs Officers: An Exploratory Study

Leadership in student affairs continues to be a challenging enterprise for universities. Colleges are expected to help students succeed while providing for abundant needs through graduation. Chief student affairs officers have increasing demands of students and faculty amid decreased funds. This exploratory study took an in depth look at the leadership perspectives of 19 chief student affairs officers at 4 year, public universities across the Midwest. The researcher sought responses on common leadership perspectives, challenges faced, and opportunities encountered. The three emerging themes were elements that inform leadership, knowledge and skills, and mindful leadership outlook. These emergent themes formed the basis for a Student Affairs Leadership Model of best practices that may provide a basis for future research. Leadership perspectives of CSAOs iii
Manufacture of GMP compliant functional adenovirus specific T cell therapy for treatment of post transplant infectious complications.
Venue: Cytotherapy

In pediatric patients, adenovirus (ADV) reactivation after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo HSCT) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. For patients who do not respond to antiviral drug therapy, a new treatment approach using ADV specific T cells can present a promising alternative. Here we describe the clinical scale Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) compliant manufacture and characterization of 40 ADV specific T cell products, Cytovir ADV, which are currently being tested in a multi center phase I/IIa clinical trial. This process requires minimal intervention, is high yield, and results in a pure T cell product that is functional.  Mononuclear cells (2 x 10(7) were cultured in a closed system in the presence of GMP grade ADV peptide pool and cytokines for 10 days. On day 10, the T cell product was harvested, washed in a closed system, counted and assessed for purity and potency. Additional characterization was carried out where cell numbers allowed.  Thirty eight of 40 products (95% met all release criteria. Median purity of the cell product was 88.3% CD3+ cells with a median yield of 2.9 x 10(7) CD3+ cells. Potency analyses showed a median ADV specific interferon (IFN)g response of 5.9% of CD3+ and 2345 IFNg spot forming cells/million. CD4 and CD8 T cells were capable of proliferating in response to ADV (63.3 and 56.3% respectively) These virus specific T cells (VST) were heterogenous, containing both effector memory and central memory T cells. In an exemplar patient with ADV viremia treated in the open ASPIRE trial, ADV specific T cell response was detected by IFNg enzyme linked immunospot from 13 days post infusion. ADV DNA levels declined following cellular therapy and were below level of detection from day 64 post infusion onward.  The clinical scale GMP compliant One Touch manufacturing system is feasible and yields functional ADV specific T cells at clinically relevant doses.
Aberrant Expression of Novel Cytokine IL 38 and Regulatory T Lymphocytes in Childhood Asthma
Venue: Molecules

We investigated the expression of novel anti inflammatory interleukin (IL) 38 and regulatory T (Treg) lymphocytes in childhood asthma patients. The protein and mRNA expression level of IL 38, periostin, peripheral CD4+CD25+CD134+ T lymphocytes as well as CD4+CD25highFoxP3+ and CD4+CD25highCD127 Treg lymphocytes from 40 asthmatic patients and 20 normal control (NC) subjects were studied using ELISA, qPCR and flow cytometry. Serum and supernatant cytokines/chemokines were determined by multiplex assay. Serum IL 38, IL 5, IL 17, IL 6, interferon g, periostin, IL 1b and IL 13 concentrations were significantly higher in asthmatic patients with or without steroid treatment than those in controls (all p 0.05) The percentages of both CD4+CD25highFoxP3+ and CD4+CD25highCD127 Treg lymphocytes were markedly decreased in asthmatic patients with and without steroid treatment than those in controls (all p 0.05) The elevated IL 38 concentration negatively correlated with the percentage of Treg lymphocytes in asthmatic patients with high level >40 ng/mL) of periostin (p 0.05) Although the comparable mRNA levels of IL 38 and its receptor IL 36R were found between patients and controls, the mRNA level of IL 38 positively correlated with IL 36R and negatively correlated with IL 10 in all asthmatic patients (both p 0.05) The percentage of CD4+CD25+CD134+ activated T lymphocytes was also significantly higher in asthmatic patients with steroid treatment than those in controls (p 0.05) This cross sectional study demonstrated that the overexpression of circulating IL 38 may play a role in the immunopathogenesis in asthma.
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Computational Turbulent Incompressible Flow Applied Mathematics Body And Soul 4

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Developing Pairwise Preference Based Personality Test and Experimental Investigation of Its Resistance to Faking Effect by Item Response Model

Recent years have shown increased awareness of the importance of personality tests in educational, clinical, and occupational settings, and developing faking resistant personality tests is a very pragmatic issue for achieving more precise measurement. Inspired by Stark (2002) and Stark, Chernyshenko, and Drasgow (2005) we develop a pairwise preference based personality test that aims to measure multidimensional personality traits using a large scale statement bank. An experiment compares the resistance of the developed personality test to faking with that of rating scale based personality tests in the item response theory model framework. Results show that latent traits estimated from the personality test based on the rating scale method are severely biased, and that faking effect can be pragmatically ignored in the personality test developed based on the pairwise preference method.