nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Steps To An Ecology Of Mind Collected Essays In Anthropology Psychiatry Evolution And Epistemology

Thank you very much for downloading steps to an ecology of mind collected essays in anthropology psychiatry evolution and epistemology. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search hundreds times for their chosen readings like this steps to an ecology of mind collected essays in anthropology psychiatry evolution and epistemology, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some infectious bugs inside their desktop computer.
Activity theory, complexity and sports coaching: an epistemology for a discipline

The aim of this article is twofold. First, it is to advance the case for activity theory (AT) as a credible and alternative lens to view and research sports coaching. Second, it is to position this assertion within the wider debate about the epistemology of coaching. Following a framing introduction, a more comprehensive review of the development and current conceptualisation of AT is given. Here, AT's evolution through three distinct phases and related theorists, namely Vygotsky, Leont'ev and Engestrom, is initially traced. This gives way to a more detailed explanation of AT's principal conceptual components, including 'object' 'subject' 'tools' (mediating artefacts) 'rules' a 'community' and a 'division of labour' An example is then presented from empirical work illustrating how AT can be used as a means to research sports coaching. The penultimate section locates such thinking within coaching's current 'epistemological debate, arguing that the coaching 'self' is not an autonomous individual, but a relative part of social and cultural arrangements. Finally, a conclusion summarises the main points made, particularly in terms in presenting the grounding constructivist epistemology of AT as a potential way forward for sports coaching.
Hydration of belite ye'elimite ferrite cements with different calcium sulfate sources

Belite ye'elimite ferrite (BYF) cements are a sustainable alternative to ordinary Portland cement in attempts to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. The aim of this research was to understand the influence of the sulfate source on the hydration of two laboratory prepared BYF cements. One of the studied clinkers contained b belite and orthorhombic ye'elimite (non active) and the other contained a'H belite and pseudo cubic ye'elimite (activated with borax during clinkering) The pastes were mainly characterised through Rietveld quantitative phase analysis of powder patterns, thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The active mortars developed higher compressive strengths than the non active mortars, regardless of the sulfate source. The highest values of compressive strength for active mortars (w/c 0*55) were 40 1 MPa (28 d) with anhydrite and 68 1 MPa (120 d) with gypsum.
Evaluating Electric Bus Operation for a Real World BRT Public Transportation Using Simulation Optimization
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems

Growing concerns with environmental issues have resulted in alternatives for urban mobility and public transportation. Among the available options, battery powered electric buses have been considered in terms of flexibility, sustainability, and emission of pollutants. These buses have a plug in recharge system that allows them to run without any extra power supply. However, battery recharging during operation is necessary, and the number and location of charging stations are important issues for system operation. This paper presents a discrete event simulation that evaluates bus energy consumption using a mathematical model that takes into account different load and friction forces. An optimization strategy that utilizes a bi objective genetic algorithm is then associated with simulation (in a simulation optimization approach) to minimize both the number of charging stations and the average extra time stopped in the station to recharge. Information, including passenger demand, bus speed, distances, and route elevation profiles, has been obtained for Curitiba public transportation. The parameters of buses' mobility are based on real data acquired, filtered, and analyzed for six express routes from raw data provided by the agency that controls public transportation and urban development. Fast battery recharge with typical parameters is considered at charging stations. The results show different arrangements for the number of stations, their location, and delays in bus schedule, as well as the corresponding bus energy levels in different routes.
Pursuing prosthetic electronic skin.
Venue: Nature materials

Skin plays an important role in mediating our interactions with the world. Recreating the properties of skin using electronic devices could have profound implications for prosthetics and medicine. The pursuit of artificial skin has inspired innovations in materials to imitate skin's unique characteristics, including mechanical durability and stretchability, biodegradability, and the ability to measure a diversity of complex sensations over large areas. New materials and fabrication strategies are being developed to make mechanically compliant and multifunctional skin like electronics, and improve brain/machine interfaces that enable transmission of the skin's signals into the body. This Review will cover materials and devices designed for mimicking the skin's ability to sense and generate biomimetic signals.
Update on Nonsurgical Lung Volume Reduction Procedures
Venue: Canadian respiratory journal

There has been a surge of interest in endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) strategies for advanced COPD. Valve implants, coil implants, biological LVR (BioLVR) bronchial thermal vapour ablation, and airway stents are used to induce lung deflation with the ultimate goal of improving respiratory mechanics and chronic dyspnea. Patients presenting with severe air trapping (e.g. inspiratory capacity/total lung capacity (TLC) 25% residual volume 225% predicted) and thoracic hyperinflation (TLC 150% predicted) have the greatest potential to derive benefit from ELVR procedures. Pre LVRS or ELVR assessment should ideally include cardiological evaluation, high resolution CT scan, ventilation and perfusion scintigraphy, full pulmonary function tests, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing. ELVR procedures are currently available in selected Canadian research centers as part of ethically approved clinical trials. If a decision is made to offer an ELVR procedure, one way valves are the first option in the presence of complete lobar exclusion and no significant collateral ventilation. When the fissure is not complete, when collateral ventilation is evident in heterogeneous emphysema or when emphysema is homogeneous, coil implants or BioLVR (in that order) are the next logical alternatives.
Central Airway Obstruction: Benign Strictures, Tracheobronchomalacia, and Malignancy related Obstruction.
Venue: Chest

The purpose of this article is to provide an update on methods for palliating symptoms in patients with histologically benign and malignant central airway obstruction. We review the published literature within the past decade on postintubation, posttracheostomy, and TB and transplant related airway strictures; tracheobronchomalacia; and malignant airway obstruction. We review terminology, classification systems, and parameters that impact treatment decisions. The focus is on how airway stent insertion fits into the best algorithm of care. Several case series and cohort studies demonstrate that airway stents improve dyspnea, lung function, and quality of life in patients with airway obstruction. Airway stenting, however, is associated with high rates of adverse events and should be used only when curative open surgical interventions are not feasible or are contraindicated.
Lightweight Mechanical Metamaterials with Tunable Negative Thermal Expansion.
Venue: Physical review letters

Ice floating on water is a great manifestation of negative thermal expansion (NTE) in nature. The limited examples of natural materials possessing NTE have stimulated research on engineered structures. Previous studies on NTE structures were mostly focused on theoretical design with limited experimental demonstration in two dimensional planar geometries. In this work, aided with multimaterial projection microstereolithography, we experimentally fabricate lightweight multimaterial lattices that exhibit significant negative thermal expansion in three directions and over a temperature range of 170 degrees. Such NTE is induced by the structural interaction of material components with distinct thermal expansion coefficients. The NTE can be tuned over a large range by varying the thermal expansion coefficient difference between constituent beams and geometrical arrangements. Our experimental results match qualitatively with a simple scaling law and quantitatively with computational models.
On thermal stability of plates with functionally graded coefficient of thermal expansion

In this article, a four variable refined plate theory is presented for buckling analysis of functionally graded plates subjected to uniform, linear and non linear temperature rises across the thickness direction. The theory accounts for parabolic distribution of the transverse shear strains, and satisfies the zero traction boundary conditions on the surfaces of the plate without using shear correction factor. Young\'s modulus and Poisson ratio of the FGM plates are assumed to remain constant throughout the entire plate. However, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the FGM plate varies according to a power law form through the thickness coordinate. Equilibrium and stability equations are derived based on the present theory. The influences of many plate parameters on buckling temperature difference such ratio of thermal expansion, aspect ratio, side to thickness ratio and gradient index will be investigated.
Planar lattices with tailorable coefficient of thermal expansion and high stiffness based on dual material triangle unit

The unexpected thermal distortions and failures in engineering raise the big concern about thermal expansion controlling. Thus, design of tailorable coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) is urgently needed for the materials used in large temperature variation circumstance. Here, inspired by multi fold rotational symmetry in crystallography, we have devised six kinds of periodic planar lattices, which incorporate tailorable CTE and high specific biaxial stiffness. Fabrication process, which overcame shortcomings of welding or adhesion connection, was developed for the dual material planar lattices. The analytical predictions agreed well with the CTE measurements. It is shown that the planar lattices fabricated from positive CTE constituents, can give large positive, near zero and even negative CTEs. Furthermore, a generalized stationary node method was proposed for aperiodic lattices and even arbitrary structures with desirable thermal expansion. As an example, aperiodic quasicrystal lattices were designed and exhibited zero thermal expansion property. The proposed method for the lattices of lightweight, robust stiffness, strength and tailorable thermal expansion is useful in the engineering applications.
Control of Depropanizer in Dynamic Hysys Simulation Using MPC in Matlab Simulink

Control of depropanizer process is challenging due to the interaction caused by the multivariable nature of the process and significant non linearity of the system. In situ plant tests are mandatory for application of MPC in a real industrial environment due to the necessity of the model for the design of the controller. However, these tests are costly for most chemical industries due to process complexities, significant disturbances and unavoidable process interruptions. In this study, Aspen Hysys is used to simulate the real plant, generate input output data to develop the plant model and to conduct performance tests. Matlab Simulink is used to conduct model identification, design the MPC and implement the multivariable control action. The control objective is to reduce variation of product purity due to operation constraints. The paper demonstrates how Aspen Hysys and Matlab Simulink can be effectively used for control study.
Optimization of Pressure Swing Absorber (PSA) Geometry to Achieve Highest Methane Purity from the Egyptian Biogas Using Aspen HYSYS Simulation

In Egypt, it is easy to obtain large amount of biogas from different available sources such as sewage, agricultural and livestock waste. It is important to purify the biogas from its acidic components (CO 2 and H 2 S) before pumping it into the domestic natural gas network to meet the standards of these networks. In addition, the purifying process is required in case of using the very high purity methane in sophisticated devices such as X Ray metal analyzer that requires pure methane for the purpose of alloys analyzing process. This article is aimed to purify the biogas from CO 2 H 2 S gases, which are the main reasons of the acidic compounds formation. Moreover, the purifying process increases the biogas calorific value. In order to design an optimized biogas treatment cycle; numerical simulation was performed using Aspen HYSYS software. The results show that the optimum absorber dimensions are 1.7 m tray diameter, 1.4 m3 tray volume and 0.5 m tray spacing when the biogas enters the absorber at a temperature of 43 O C, a pressure of 25 bars, a flow rate of 13 m3/hour and Diethanolamine (DEA) concentration of 0.3.
Selective Self Presentation and Social Comparison Through Photographs on Social Networking Sites
Venue: Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw.

Through social media and camera phones, users enact selective self presentation as they choose, edit, and post photographs of themselves (such as selfies) to social networking sites for an imagined audience. Photos typically focus on users' physical appearance, which may compound existing sociocultural pressures about body image. We identified users of social networking sites among a nationally representative U.S. sample (N 1,686) and examined women's and men's photo related behavior, including posting photos, editing photos, and feelings after engaging in upward and downward social comparison with others' photos on social networking sites. We identified some sex differences: women edited photos more frequently and felt worse after upward social comparison than men. Body image and body comparison tendency mediated these effects.
Performance Analysis of CPU Scheduling Algorithms with Novel OMDRRS Algorithm

CPU scheduling is one of the most primary and essential part of any operating system. It prioritizes processes to efficiently execute the user requests and help in choosing the appropriate process for execution.  Robin (RR) Priority Scheduling(PS) are one of the most widely used and acceptable CPU scheduling algorithm. But, its performance degrades with respect to turnaround time, waiting time context switching with each recurrence. A New scheduling algorithm OMDRRS is developed to improve the performance of RR and priority scheduling algorithms. The new algorithm performs better than the popular existing algorithm. Drastic improvement is seen in waiting time, turnaround time, response time and context switching. Comparative analysis of Turn around Time(TAT) Waiting Time(WT) Response Time (RT) is shown with the help of ANOVA and t test.
An optimized round robin cpu scheduling algorithm with dynamic time quantum
Venue: ArXiv

CPU scheduling is one of the most crucial operations performed by operating system. Different algorithms are available for CPU scheduling amongst them RR (Round Robin) is considered as optimal in time shared environment. The effectiveness of Round Robin completely depends on the choice of time quantum. In this paper a new CPU scheduling algorithm has been proposed, named as DABRR (Dynamic Average Burst Round Robin) That uses dynamic time quantum instead of static time quantum used in RR. The performance of the proposed algorithm is experimentally compared with traditional RR and some existing variants of RR. The results of our approach presented in this paper demonstrate improved performance in terms of average waiting time, average turnaround time, and context switching.
Torsion of a Wandering Spleen Presenting as Acute Abdomen
Venue: Polish journal of radiology

Wandering spleen is a rare condition which if uncorrected, can result in torsion and infarction. Clinical presentation of a wandering spleen can vary from asymptomatic abdominal mass to acute abdominal pain. Radiological investigations play a pivotal role in diagnosis as the clinical diagnosis is usually impossible.  We present a case of wandering spleen with torsion and complete infarction that occurred in a 32 year old multiparous female. The diagnosis was established preoperatively on colour Doppler and CT of the abdomen with subsequent confirmation on surgery.  Wandering spleen is a rare clinical condition which can present as acute abdomen. An increased awareness of this entity together with the timely use of ultrasound and CT of the abdomen can play an important role in preoperative diagnosis and surgical management.
First Application of Robot Teaching in an Existing Industry 4.0 Environment: Does It Really Work?

This article reports three case studies on the usability and acceptance of an industrial robotic prototype in the context of human robot cooperation. The three case studies were conducted in the framework of a two year project named AssistMe, which aims at developing different means of interaction for programming and using collaborative robots in a user centered manner. Together with two industrial partners and a technological partner, two different application scenarios were implemented and studied with an off the shelf robotic system. The operators worked with the robotic prototype in laboratory conditions (two days) in a factory context (one day) and in an automotive assembly line (three weeks) In the article, the project and procedures are described in detail, including the quantitative and qualitative methodology. Our results show that close human robot cooperation in the industrial context needs adaptive pacing mechanisms in order to avoid a change of working routines for the operators and that an off the shelf robotic system is still limited in terms of usability and acceptance. The touch panel, which is needed for controlling the robot, had a negative impact on the overall user experience. It creates a further intermediate layer between the user, the robot and the work piece and potentially leads to a decrease in productivity. Finally, the fear of the worker of being replaced by an improved robotic system was regularly expressed and adds an additional anthropocentric dimension to the discussion of human robot cooperation, smart factories and the upcoming Industry 4.0.
Non linear model predictive control schemes with application on a 2 link vertical robot manipulator

The industrial requirements for controllers able to perform tasks in the presence of plant nonlinearities are growing. In addition, an increase in industrial computation power is allowing the implementation of more complex control algorithms in the fast processing industry. In this investigation three different nonlinear model predictive control algorithms are tested and evaluated in simulation and experimentally. The methodologies are adaptive nonlinear model predictive control (nMPC) PID based nMPC (PIDnMPC) and a novel simplified nMPC (SnMPC) These are tested in simulation with an inverted pendulum, a Van der Pol oscillator, and a planar 2 link vertical robotic arm. The controllers are tested experimentally using a fabricated planar 2 link vertical robotic arm apparatus. A comparison of the different algorithms is made with special attention to trajectory tracking, computational complexity and transient response dynamics. HighlightsThree non linear MPC Algorithms are developed to control fast systems, nMPC, PIDnMPC and SnMPC.The algorithms are tested in simulation using three non linear models.The controller features are discussed and future directions of study are suggested.
Recycling Technologies of Carbon Fiber Composite Materials

With the expansion of the global carbon fiber market, interest in carbon fiber recycling increases. Especially, concern for the environment, both in terms of limiting the use of finite resources and the need to manage the waste disposal, has led to increasing pressure to recycle materials at the end of their useful life. Therefore, the shift from landfill (current main waste disposal method) to material recycling or thermal recycling is strongly expected. The most important process in recycling technologies is to remove matrix resin and to take out carbon fibers out of carbon fiber composite. In this chapter, the present status of recycling technology development in Japan is outlined. In addition, the environmental and economic loads are introduced by comparing the quantity of LCI and CO2 emission between virgin carbon fiber and recycled carbon fibers.
The integrated stress response
Venue: EMBO reports

In response to diverse stress stimuli, eukaryotic cells activate a common adaptive pathway, termed the integrated stress response (ISR) to restore cellular homeostasis. The core event in this pathway is the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2a) by one of four members of the eIF2a kinase family, which leads to a decrease in global protein synthesis and the induction of selected genes, including the transcription factor ATF4, that together promote cellular recovery. The gene expression program activated by the ISR optimizes the cellular response to stress and is dependent on the cellular context, as well as on the nature and intensity of the stress stimuli. Although the ISR is primarily a pro survival, homeostatic program, exposure to severe stress can drive signaling toward cell death. Here, we review current understanding of the ISR signaling and how it regulates cell fate under diverse types of stress.
Circadian physiology of metabolism
Venue: Science

A majority of mammalian genes exhibit daily fluctuations in expression levels, making circadian expression rhythms the largest known regulatory network in normal physiology. Cell autonomous circadian clocks interact with daily light dark and feeding fasting cycles to generate approximately 24 hour oscillations in the function of thousands of genes. Circadian expression of secreted molecules and signaling components transmits timing information between cells and tissues. Such intra and intercellular daily rhythms optimize physiology both by managing energy use and by temporally segregating incompatible processes. Experimental animal models and epidemiological data indicate that chronic circadian rhythm disruption increases the risk of metabolic diseases. Conversely, time restricted feeding, which imposes daily cycles of feeding and fasting without caloric reduction, sustains robust diurnal rhythms and can alleviate metabolic diseases. These findings highlight an integrative role of circadian rhythms in physiology and offer a new perspective for treating chronic diseases in which metabolic disruption is a hallmark.