nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Understanding Local Community Attachment, Engagement and Social Support Networks Mediated by Mobile Technology
Venue: Interact. Comput.

Understanding the impacts and consequences of information and communications technology in local communities through theoretical and practical approaches has long been studied. Among different types of technologies, mobile technology suggests new opportunities for community informatics because a growing number of people across different age groups have adopted smartphones, which have become an indispensable part of people's daily lives. Because mobile technology transcends the limitations of time and place, it expands the ways of accessing and interacting with local community information and lowers the barrier to participation. In this paper, we present our ongoing initiatives in community informatics including digital cultural heritage and local volunteer efforts mediated by mobile technology. We highlight how mobile technology, together with increased mobility, immediacy and social presence, shows a significant influence on local communities with respect to community identity, awareness and participation and also social support networks.
Bridging Formal and Informal Learning with the Use of Mobile Technology

Bridging formal and informal learning to enable students' engaged learning is a core tenet of seamless learning. Addressing the limitations of the current studies on the innovative design and implementation of seamless learning scenarios, this chapter presents one well designed and implemented curricular initiative at the primary school level, namely, "Mobilized 5E Science Curriculum" (M5ESC) The chapter first discusses the theoretical background of formal and informal learning, and of seamless learning, and then presents the context information of mobile technology for science education in Singapore, as well as the 5E (Engagement Exploration Explanation Elaboration Evaluation) instructional model. These serve as the design rationales for the M5ESC curricular innovation. Next, the description of M5ESC provides an overview of how the school designed curriculum for seamless learning supported by mobile technology, as well as how students and teachers responded to this innovation. The work reported here is intended to inform the curriculum design and implementation of the notion of seamless learning enabled by mobile technologies.
Disability citizenship and independence through mobile technology? A study exploring adoption and use of a mobile technology platform

This article explores the use of a mobile technology platform as experienced by people with disability, their significant other and service providers. An interpretive qualitative study design was adopted involving observations and interviews. The data were analysed using the combined lenses of the social approach to disability and the PHAATE model which represents the factors for consideration in service design for assistive technology. The findings suggest that the adoption of the technology by those in the study could be characterised by a typology of users. The implications of the typology are discussed together with the influencing factors that affected social participation and disability citizenship.
5G: Evolution of a secure mobile technology
Venue: 2016 3rd International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)

The mobile technology is an ever evolving concept. The world has seen various generations of mobile technology be it 1G, 2G, 3G or 4G. The fifth generation of mobile technology i.e. 5G is seen as a futuristic notion that would help in solving the issues that are pertaining in the 4G. In this paper we have discussed various security issues of 4G with respect to Wi max and long term evolution. These issues are discussed at MAC and physical layer level. The security issues are seen in terms of possible attacks, system vulnerabilities and privacy concerns. We have also highlighted how the notions of 5G can be tailored to provide a more secure mobile computing environment. We have considered the futuristic architectural framework for 5G networks in our discussion. The basic concepts and features of the fifth generation technology are explained here. We have also analyzed five pillars of strength for the 5G network security which would work in collaboration with each other to provide a secure mobile computing environment to the user.
Evaluating the efficacy of denture cleansing materials in removal of tea and turmeric stains: An in vitro study
Venue: Indian journal of dental research official publication of Indian Society for Dental Research

Extrinsic staining of acrylic resin dentures could be a major esthetic problem for denture wearers. Tea, coffee, cola, turmeric, and tobacco often cause extrinsic staining of dentures.  To evaluate the efficacy of various denture cleansing materials in the removal of tea and turmeric stains and to compare the efficacy of those denture cleansers with each other in the removal of tea and turmeric stains.  Heat cured acrylic resin specimens were stained using tea and turmeric solutions. The spectrophotometer was used to determine the reflectance values of the samples and to evaluate the efficacy of various denture cleansing materials in removal of tea and turmeric stains. Three denture cleansers, namely, sodium hypochlorite, Safe plus, and Clinsodent were used in the study. Water was used as a control.  ANOVA test and post hoc Tukey's test were used to determine the statistical difference between the groups.  A statistically significant difference was found (p 0.05) between the different denture cleansing materials used. Products containing sodium perborate along with trisodium phosphate had the highest stain removing capability.  It was found that all the denture cleansing materials used in the study were effective in removing tea and turmeric stains. Products containing sodium perborate along with trisodium phosphate had a comparatively greater stain removal capability than products containing sodium perborate along with sodium bicarbonate followed by products containing sodium hypochlorite followed by water (control)
The Emergence of New Rights and New Modes of Adjudication in Transnational Environmental Law
Venue: Transnational Environmental Law

The year 2015 ended on a euphoric note for many in the environmental law community. The climate negotiations in Paris (France) in late November and December, proceeding in the face of tragic terrorist attacks in that city only weeks before, yielded an historic agreement that may well serve as the international baseline for decades to come. We suspect that some will regard the 21 session of the Conference of the Parties (COP 21) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) as a belated victory for old style international law. Yet the final agreement is far from old style, for the parties relinquished the insistence, so manifestly present at COP 20 in Copenhagen (Denmark) on binding emissions reduction targets and rigorous enforcement mechanisms. What COP 21 has produced instead is scaffolding upon which states must supply nationally determined contributions (NDCs) established in a transparent, multilevel fashion. The Paris Agreement thus represents a different and more optimistic way forward, and one that relies deeply on the augmentation of alternative approaches to environmental governance. Discussions concerning precisely these alternative approaches have filled the pages of this journal during its formative years. On that note, we gratefully pause to recognize that 2016 is TEL's fifth anniversary year. Since its launch TEL has published rigorous and challenging pieces on topics ranging from climate change adaptation law and regulatory convergence in nanotechnology governance to the legality of a meat carbon tax. That TEL fills an important niche in environmental
C. Venkatesan, Fundamentals of Helicopter Dynamics
Venue: J. Intell. Robotic Syst.

Helicopters are among the most versatile and ubiquitous flying machines with numerous civilian and military uses. They are also involved dynamic systems with complexities spanning such fields as fluid dynamics, structural mechanics, control, and electronics, among others. The present volume deals with helicopter dynamics and aerodynamics at a basic level. As such it derives all equations from first principles. Some of its chapters can be used as an aid to an introductory senior level undergraduate or beginning graduate level course. In the spirit of the CRC series books it provides a concise summary of a wealth of useful results. The book has 11 chapters, briefly described as follows: Chapter 1 starts with a historical overview of helicopter development and gives the book an interesting opening. Chapter 2 introduces hovering and vertical flight theory. It develops the mathematical background of blade element theory and then proceeds with vertical flight. Autorotation in vertical descent follows and closes with ground effects. All equations in this chapter, as well as in the rest of the book, are derived using basic undergraduate mathematics. Chapter 3 deals with forward flight theory. It naturally starts with momentum in forward flight and then
Darwinolide, a New Diterpene Scaffold That Inhibits Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm from the Antarctic Sponge Dendrilla membranosa
Venue: Organic letters

A new rearranged spongian diterpene, darwinolide, has been isolated from the Antarctic Dendroceratid sponge Dendrilla membranosa. Characterized on the basis of spectroscopic and crystallographic analysis, the central seven membered ring is hypothesized to originate from a ring expansion of a spongian precursor. Darwinolide displays 4 fold selectivity against the biofilm phase of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus compared to the planktonic phase and may provide a scaffold for the development of therapeutics for this difficult to treat infection.
Reorganization of functionally connected brain subnetworks in high functioning autism
Venue: Human brain mapping

Previous functional connectivity studies have found both hypo and hyper connectivity in brains of individuals having autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Here we studied abnormalities in functional brain subnetworks in high functioning individuals with ASD during free viewing of a movie containing social cues and interactions. Twenty six subjects (13 with ASD) watched a 68 min movie during functional magnetic resonance imaging. For each subject, we computed Pearson's correlation between haemodynamic time courses of each pair of 6 mm isotropic voxels. From the whole brain functional networks, we derived individual and group level subnetworks using graph theory. Scaled inclusivity was then calculated between all subject pairs to estimate intersubject similarity of connectivity structure of each subnetwork. Additional 54 individuals (27 with ASD) from the ABIDE resting state database were included to test the reproducibility of the results. Between group differences were observed in the composition of default mode and ventro temporal limbic (VTL) subnetworks. The VTL subnetwork included amygdala, striatum, thalamus, parahippocampal, fusiform, and inferior temporal gyri. Further, VTL subnetwork similarity between subject pairs correlated significantly with similarity of symptom gravity measured with autism quotient. This correlation was observed also within the controls, and in the reproducibility dataset with ADI R and ADOS scores. Our results highlight how the reorganization of functional subnetworks in individuals with ASD clarifies the mixture of hypo and hyper connectivity findings. Importantly, only the functional organization of the VTL subnetwork emerges as a marker of inter individual similarities that co vary with behavioral measures across all participants. These findings suggest a pivotal role of ventro temporal and limbic systems in autism.  2016.
Prozessbezogene Interessenkonvergenz Qualitat der Arbeitsbedingungen (QAB)

Eine nachhaltige GPS Entwicklung ist ohne die nachhaltige Verbesserung der QAB der Beschaftigten nicht moglich. Um diese These begrunden zu konnen, mussen zuerst einige spezifische Merkmale von GPS erlautert werden. In Kap. 11.3 werden wir zeigen, dass GPS mehr als andere Produktionskonzepte auf die aktive Beteiligung der Beschaftigten angewiesen sind. Die QAB wird in Kap. 11.2 als ein zentraler Faktor zur Forderung guter Beteiligungskonzepte und damit als Erfolgsfaktor fur GPS beschrieben. Schlieslich wird in Kap. 11.3 auf die unterschiedlichen Dimensionen von QAB genauer eingegangen.
Behandlung von erwachsenen Patienten mit ambulant erworbener Pneumonie und Pravention Update 2016

Die vorliegende Leitlinie umfasst ein neues und aktualisiertes Konzept der Behandlung und Pravention von erwachsenen Patienten mit ambulant erworbener Pneumonie und lost die bisherige Leitlinie aus dem Jahre 2009 ab. Sie wurde entsprechend den Masgaben zur Methodologie einer S3 Leitlinie erarbeitet und verabschiedet. Hierzu gehoren eine systematische Literaturrecherche und bewertung, die strukturierte Diskussion der aus der Literatur begrundbaren Empfehlungen sowie eine Offenlegung und Bewertung moglicher Interessenskonflikte. Die Leitlinie zeichnet sich aus durch eine Zentrierung auf definierte klinische Situationen, eine aktualisierte Masgabe der Schweregradbestimmung, Empfehlungen zu einer individualisierten Auswahl der initialen antimikrobiellen Therapie sowie zur primaren und sekundaren Pravention.
Schule digital der Landerindikator 2016. Kompetenzen von Lehrpersonen der Sekundarstufe I im Umgang mit digitalen Medien im Bundeslandervergleich

Der Landerindikator 2016 stellt zum zweiten Mal fur Deutschland reprasentative Befunde zur schulischen Medienbildung vor. Mit diesem Bildungsmonitoring kann der Stand der Implementation digitaler Medien in Lehr und Lernprozessen auf Bundeslandebene erfasst werden, sodass auch spezifische Entwicklungsimpulse gegeben werden konnen. Entwicklungen seit dem Landerindikator 2015 konnen dabei fur die Bereiche der schulischen Ausstattung mit digitalen Medien, deren Nutzung im Unterricht sowie fur die Forderung der medienbezogenen Kompetenzen von Schulerinnen und Schulern abgebildet werden. Daruber hinaus wird mit dem Landerindikator 2016 der thematische Schwerpunkt auf die medienbezogenen Kompetenzen von Lehrkraften gelegt. Dazu wird die Relevanz der Lehrerausbildung fur die Vermittlung entsprechender Kompetenzen, die Selbsteinschatzung der Lehrkrafte ihrer medienbezogenen Kompetenzen, Fortbildungsaktivitaten sowie die medienbezogene Kooperation unter Lehrkraften vertiefend im Bundeslandervergleich in den Blick genommen. Zudem wird mit einem Landerportrait zur schulischen Medienbildung in Danemark ein Land hervorgehoben, das im Vergleich zu Deutschland einen vertieften Implementationsstand digitaler Medien im Schulsystem aufweist.
Current and emerging approaches for assessing von Willebrand disease in 2016
Venue: International journal of laboratory hematology

von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder and is due to a deficiency and/or abnormality of von Willebrand factor (VWF) VWD is inherited in an autosomal dominant or recessive pattern, but women are apparently more symptomatic. Diagnosis of VWD is still difficult in most countries due to the multiple activities of VWF and the heterogeneity of the disease. VWD is mainly associated with mild mucosal bleeding although gastrointestinal and joint bleeds may occur in severe VWD forms. This review describes the most recent clinical and laboratory procedures for the correct diagnosis of VWD. Assays for the evaluation of the platelet dependent VWF activity (PD VWFact) with or without ristocetin as well as VWF collagen binding (VWF:CB) are currently in use. However, other tests such as VWF antigen (VWF:Ag) factor VIII procoagulant (FVIII:C) ristocetin induced platelet agglutination (RIPA) multimeric analysis (VWF:MA) VWF propeptide (VWFpp) VWF:FVIII binding assay (VWF:FVIIIB) and the assessment of biological response to desmopressin (DDAVP) are necessary to characterize VWD types. Levels of VWF activities <30 U/dL have been associated with a bleeding phenotype and the presence of mutations in the VWF gene.
Was kosten uns Dolmetscher? Eine retrospektive Analyse der Dolmetscherkosten in der Behandlung von Fluchtlingen in einer Psychiatrischen Institutsambulanz in Berlin

Die Diagnostik psychischer Erkrankungen in der Gruppe von Fluchtlingen ist mit besonderen Schwierigkeiten wie Sprachbarrieren, verschiedenen Ausdrucksformen und Konzepten von Krankheit sowie dem kulturellen Hintergrund verbunden, macht haufig den Einsatz von professionellen Dolmetschern notig und ist dadurch zeit und kostenaufwendig. In der Psychiatrischen Institutsambulanz der Charite im St. Hedwig Krankenhaus analysierten wir die im 1. Quartal 2016 nach dem Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz behandelten Fluchtlinge und Asylbewerber hinsichtlich gestellter Diagnosen sowie der Aufwendungen fur Dolmetscherarbeit. Innerhalb der Stichprobe von 110 Fluchtlingen ergaben sich die hochsten Dolmetscherkosten fur die Gruppe der neurotischen, Belastungs und somatoformen Storungen (53,04% insbesondere die Posttraumatische Belastungsstorung (39,04% gefolgt affektiven Storungen (38,47% insbesondere schwere depressive Storungen (25,32% Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine Kostenregelung fur das Anfallen von finanziellen Aufwendungen fur den Einsatz dringend notwendiger professioneller Dolmetscher unumganglich ist.
Transient Stability Improvement of IEEE 9 Bus System Using Power World Simulator

The improvement of transient stability of power system was one of the most challenging research areas in power engineer.The main aim of this paper was transient stability analysis and improvement of IEEE 9 bus system. These studies were computed using POWER WORLD SIMULATOR. The IEEE 9 bus system was modelled in power world simulator and load flow studies were performed to determine pre fault conditions in the system using Newton Raphson method. The transient stability analysis was carried out using Runga method during three phase balanced fault. For the improvement transient stability, the general methods adopted were fast acting exciters, FACT devices and addition of parallel transmission line. These techniques play an important role in improving the transient stability, increasing transmission capacity and damping low frequency oscillations.
Rule based systems: a granular computing perspective

A rule based system is a special type of expert system, which typically consists of a set of if then rules. Such rules can be used in the real world for both academic and practical purposes. In general, rule based systems are involved in knowledge discovery tasks for both purposes and predictive modeling tasks for the latter purpose. In the context of granular computing, each of the rules that make up a rule based system can be seen as a granule. This is due to the fact that granulation in general means decomposition of a whole into several parts. Similarly, each rule consists of a number of rule terms. From this point of view, each rule term can also be seen as a granule. As mentioned above, rule based systems can be used for the purpose of knowledge discovery, which means to extract information or knowledge discovered from data. Therefore, rules and rule terms that make up a rule based system are considered as information granules. This paper positions the research of rule based systems in the granular computing context, which explores ways of achieving advances in the former area through the novel use of theories and techniques in the latter area. In particular, this paper gives a certain perspective on how to use set theory for management of information granules for rules/rule terms and different types of computational logic for reduction of learning bias. The effectiveness is critically analyzed and discussed. Further directions of this research area are recommended towards achieving advances in rule based systems through the use of granular computing theories and techniques.
The role of ions in the self healing behavior of soft particle suspensions
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Understanding when a material crystallizes is of fundamental importance in condensed matter. In many materials, the presence of point defects suppresses crystallization. Surprisingly, colloidal hydrogels can overcome this limitation: A small number of large microgels can spontaneously deswell to fit in the crystal lattice of smaller microgels, thus avoiding the occurrence of point defects. We find that this unique particle deswelling is due to an osmotic pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the microgels resulting from the overlap of counterion clouds of neighboring particles. When this pressure difference exceeds the bulk modulus of the large microgels, these shrink, enabling crystallization without point defects. Impurities in crystals generally cause point defects and can even suppress crystallization. This general rule, however, does not apply to colloidal crystals formed by soft microgel particles [Iyer ASJ, Lyon LA (2009)  4566] as, in this case, the larger particles are able to shrink and join the crystal formed by a majority of smaller particles. Using small angle X ray scattering, we find the limit in large particle concentration for this spontaneous deswelling to persist. We rationalize our data in the context of those counterions that are bound to the microgel particles as a result of the electrostatic attraction exerted by the fixed charges residing on the particle periphery. These bound counterions do not contribute to the suspension osmotic pressure in dilute conditions, as they can be seen as internal degrees of freedom associated with each microgel particle. In contrast, at sufficiently high particle concentrations, the counterion cloud of each particle overlaps with that of its neighbors, allowing these ions to freely explore the space outside the particles. We confirm this scenario by directly measuring the osmotic pressure of the suspension. Because these counterions are then no longer bound, they create an osmotic pressure difference between the inside and outside of the microgels, which, if larger than the microgel bulk modulus, can cause deswelling, explaining why large, soft microgel particles feel the squeeze when suspended with a majority of smaller particles. We perform small angle neutron scattering measurements to further confirm this remarkable behavior.
FastText.zip: Compressing text classification models
Venue: ArXiv

We consider the problem of producing compact architectures for text classification, such that the full model fits in a limited amount of memory. After considering different solutions inspired by the hashing literature, we propose a method built upon product quantization to store the word embeddings. While the original technique leads to a loss in accuracy, we adapt this method to circumvent the quantization artifacts. As a result, our approach produces a text classifier, derived from the fastText approach, which at test time requires only a fraction of the memory compared to the original one, without noticeably sacrificing the quality in terms of classification accuracy. Our experiments carried out on several benchmarks show that our approach typically requires two orders of magnitude less memory than fastText while being only slightly inferior with respect to accuracy. As a result, it outperforms the state of the art by a good margin in terms of the compromise between memory usage and accuracy.