nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Remissions after long term use of romiplostim for immune thrombocytopenia
Venue: Haematologica

mmune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune condition whereby autoantibodies against platelets lead to increased platelet clearance, suppression of megakaryocytopoiesis, and subsequent thrombocytopenia.1,2 ITP is associated with increased bleeding risk, and the primary goal of therapy is to prevent clinically significant bleeding. Steroids, and in some cases intravenous immunoglobulin, are recommended first line therapies.3 However, many patients relapse and alternative therapies including splenectomy, rituximab, and thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonists are available for second line treatment.
Eltrombopag, a potent stimulator of megakaryopoiesis
Venue: Haematologica

In this issue of Haematologica Di Buduo et al. show that eltrombopag induces human megakaryopoiesis in vitro and ex vivo through an activation of STAT, AKT and ERK pathways that is different from the other thrombomimetic, romiplostim.[1][1] Megakaryopoiesis is the process leading to platelet
Adaptation of Personalized Education in E learning Environment
Venue: SETE@ICWL

We know from the classic instruction that some students might be hindered and bored by collective teaching. Others, on the other hand, might find it too fast, as a result of which they are not able to understand everything. Other students are satisfied with the pace of instruction but may not be satisfied with the teaching style of a particular teacher. Consequently, such students dislike some teachers and courses and their study results become worse. Those reasons lead to the idea of the optimization of the learning process through the individualization of instruction.  The individualization of instruction mirrors each student's learning style, skills and the already acquired knowledge. Such a method cannot be applied in typical face to face classes where the students cannot be treated individually. In the time of the informatization of society, the Internet, and suitable SW and HW instruments, the computer based (specifically e learning and web technologies) instruction can easily be realized.  The paper describes the proposition and solution of adaptive instruction through e learning aimed at the personalization of instruction according to each student's learning style and current knowledge.
Two types of binding Evidence from Tswefap pronominals

Traditional accounts of semantic binding have relied on operators that bind individual variables (Heim, 1998; Heim and Kratzer, 1998) However, proposals motivated by e type anaphora and similar phenomena have analyzed pronominals as containing situation variables which are instead bound by a class of sigma operators (Buring, 2004; Elbourne, 2001, 2005, 2013) In this paper, I will argue that situation binding is indeed necessary to account for certain binding phenomena crosslinguistically, but that binding of individual variables plays a crucial role as well. That is, binding of situation variables complements, but does not fully replace, binding of individual variables (Schwarz, 2009; Patel Grosz and Grosz, 2017) In support of this claim, I present novel data from Tswefap, a Narrow Grassfields Bantoid language of Cameroon. There are two third person singular subject pronouns in Tswefap, zheuk and yi, which differ in their distribution. Among other things, yi can act as a bound variable under the scope of a quantifier, while zheuk cannot, and zheuk can locally bind a reflexive, while yi cannot. Following recent work that attributes crosslinguistic variation in pronoun distribution to internal structural differences (Dechaine and Wiltschko, 2002; Patel Grosz and Grosz, 2017) I argue that these distributional differences result from different internal structures in a way that draws on two distinct binding mechanisms. Specifically, following Patel Grosz and Grosz's (2017) account of German personal and demonstrative pronouns, I propose that zheuk contains an individual variable (an index) and a situation variable, while yi contains only a situation variable. The presence of both types of variables within the structure of zheuk allows it to participate in both situation and individual binding. On the other hand, yi can participate only in situation binding. I also argue that the licensing of b operators needed to bind individual variables (Buring, 2004) is restricted in Tswefap to zheuk and definites, resulting in the unacceptability of yi with reflexives. These data thus suggest that both individual binding and situation binding are available crosslinguistically, and that the licensing of binding operators ranging over individuals (b) may be more restricted than has previously been claimed.
Private proximity detection using partial GPS information
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems

With the proliferation of GPS enabled mobile devices, location based services have gained in popularity. In particular, proximity based services are commonly used to help a user interact with other users nearby. However, these services endanger the privacy of users as the location information is provided to the service provider. This paper proposes a novel private proximity detection scheme based on partial GPS range measurement information. We develop an efficient algorithm for proximity detection and theoretically analyze the false alarm performance. Simulation and empirical results validate this scheme and evaluate its performance.
Fundamental awareness: A framework for integrating science, philosophy and metaphysics
Venue: Communicative integrative biology

The ontologic framework of Fundamental Awareness proposed here assumes that non dual Awareness is foundational to the universe, not arising from the interactions or structures of higher level phenomena. The framework allows comparison and integration of views from the three investigative domains concerned with understanding the nature of consciousness: science, philosophy, and metaphysics. In this framework, Awareness is the underlying reality, not reducible to anything else. Awareness and existence are the same. As such, the universe is non material, self organizing throughout, a holarchy of complementary, process driven, recursive interactions. The universe is both its own first observer and subject. Considering the world to be non material and comprised, a priori, of Awareness is to privilege information over materiality, action over agency and to understand that qualia are not a "hard problem," but the foundational elements of all existence. These views fully reflect main stream Western philosophical traditions, insights from culturally diverse contemplative and mystical traditions, and are in keeping with current scientific thinking, expressible mathematically.
Stress modelling and prediction in presence of scarce data
Venue: J. Biomed. Informatics

Stress at work is a significant occupational health concern. Recent studies have used various sensing modalities to model stress behaviour based on non obtrusive data obtained from smartphones. However, when the data for a subject is scarce it becomes a challenge to obtain a good model.  We propose an approach based on a combination of techniques: semi supervised learning, ensemble methods and transfer learning to build a model of a subject with scarce data. Our approach is based on the comparison of decision trees to select the closest subject for knowledge transfer.  We present a real life, unconstrained study carried out with 30 employees within two organisations. The results show that using information (instances or model) from similar subjects can improve the accuracy of the subjects with scarce data. However, using transfer learning from dissimilar subjects can have a detrimental effect on the accuracy. Our proposed ensemble approach increased the accuracy by 10% to 71.58% compared to not using any transfer learning technique.  In contrast to high precision but highly obtrusive sensors, using smartphone sensors for measuring daily behaviours allowed us to quantify behaviour changes, relevant to occupational stress. Furthermore, we have shown that use of transfer learning to select data from close models is a useful approach to improve accuracy in presence of scarce data.
Adaptive memetic algorithm enhanced with data geometry analysis to select training data for SVMs
Venue: Neurocomputing

Support vector machines (SVMs) are one of the most popular and powerful machine learning techniques, but suffer from a significant drawback of the high time and memory complexities of their training. This issue needs to be endured especially in the case of large and noisy datasets. In this paper, we propose a new adaptive memetic algorithm (PCA2MA) for selecting valuable SVM training data from the entire set. It helps improve the classifier score, and speeds up the classification process by decreasing the number of support vectors. In PCA2MA, a population of reduced training sets undergoes the evolution, which is complemented by the refinement procedures. We propose to exploit both a priori information about the training set extracted using the data geometry analysis and the knowledge attained dynamically during the PCA2MA execution to enhance the refined sets. Also, we introduce a new adaptation scheme to control the pivotal algorithm parameters on the fly, based on the current search state. Extensive experimental study performed on benchmark, real world, and artificial datasets clearly confirms the efficacy and convergence capabilities of the proposed approach. We demonstrate that PCA2MA is highly competitive compared with other state of the art techniques. HighlightsWe propose a new adaptive memetic algorithm to select SVM training data.We perform the PCA based preprocessing to determine valuable training samples.We apply a new scheme to adapt the refined training set size and selection scheme.We evaluate the importance of particular components of our algorithm.We demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed memetic algorithm.
Graph Regularized Feature Selection with Data Reconstruction
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering

Feature selection is a challenging problem for high dimensional data processing, which arises in many real applications such as data mining, information retrieval, and pattern recognition. In this paper, we study the problem of unsupervised feature selection. The problem is challenging due to the lack of label information to guide feature selection. We formulate the problem of unsupervised feature selection from the viewpoint of graph regularized data reconstruction. The underlying idea is that the selected features not only preserve the local structure of the original data space via graph regularization, but also approximately reconstruct each data point via linear combination. Therefore, the graph regularized data reconstruction error becomes a natural criterion for measuring the quality of the selected features. By minimizing the reconstruction error, we are able to select the features that best preserve both the similarity and discriminant information in the original data. We then develop an efficient gradient algorithm to solve the corresponding optimization problem. We evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithm on text clustering. The extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
Selective microwave sensors exploiting the interaction of analytes with trap states in TiO2 nanotube arrays.
Venue: Nanoscale

Sensing of molecular analytes by probing the effects of their interaction with microwaves is emerging as a cheap, compact, label free and highly sensitive detection and quantification technique. Microstrip ring type resonators are particularly favored for this purpose due to their planar sensing geometry, electromagnetic field enhancements in the coupling gap and compatibility with established printed circuit board manufacturing. However, the lack of selectivity in what is essentially a permittivity sensing method is an impediment to wider adoption and implementation of this sensing platform. By placing a polycrystalline anatase phase TiO2 nanotube membrane in the coupling gap of a microwave resonator, we engineer selectivity for the detection and differentiation of methanol, ethanol and 2 propanol. The scavenging of reactive trapped holes by aliphatic alcohols adsorbed on TiO2 is responsible for the alcohol specific detection while the different short chain alcohols are distinguished on the basis of differences in their microwave response. Electrodeless microwave sensors which allow spectral and time dependent monitoring of the resonance frequency and quality factor provide a wealth of information in comparison with electrode based resistive sensors for the detection of volatile organic compounds. A high dynamic range (400 ppm 10,000 ppm) is demonstrated for methanol detection.
Feasibility Study on a Microwave Based Sensor for Measuring Hydration Level Using Human Skin Models
Venue: PloS one

Tissue dehydration results in three major types of exsiccosis hyper hypo or isonatraemia. All three types entail alterations of salt concentrations leading to impaired biochemical processes, and can finally cause severe morbidity. The aim of our study was to demonstrate the feasibility of a microwave based sensor technology for the non invasive measurement of the hydration status. Electromagnetic waves at high frequencies interact with molecules, especially water. Hence, if a sample contains free water molecules, this can be detected in a reflected microwave signal. To develop the sensor system, human three dimensional skin equivalents were instituted as a standardized test platform mimicking reproducible exsiccosis scenarios. Therefore, skin equivalents with a specific hydration and density of matrix components were generated and microwave measurements were performed. Hydration specific spectra allowed deriving the hydration state of the skin models. A further advantage of the skin equivalents was the characterization of the impact of distinct skin components on the measured signals to investigate mechanisms of signal generation. The results demonstrate the feasibility of a non invasive microwave based hydration sensor technology. The sensor bears potential to be integrated in a wearable medical device for personal health monitoring.
[Structural Model of Evidence Based Practice Implementation among Clinical Nurses]
Venue: Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing

This study was conducted to develop and test a structural model of evidence based practice (EBP) implementation among clinical nurses. The model was based on Melnyk and Fineout Overholt's Advancing Research and Clinical Practice through Close Collaboration model and Rogers' Diffusion of Innovations theory.  Participants were 410 nurses recruited from ten different tertiary hospitals in Korea. A structured self report questionnaire was used to assess EBP knowledge/skills, EBP beliefs, EBP attitudes, organizational culture readiness for EBP, dimensions of a learning organization and organizational innovativeness. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WINdows 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 program.  The modified research model provided a reasonable fit to the data. Clinical nurses' EBP knowledge/skills, EBP beliefs, and the organizational culture readiness for EBP had statistically significant positive effects on the implementation of EBP. The impact of EBP attitudes was not significant. The dimensions of the learning organization and organizational innovativeness showed statistically significant negative effects on EBP implementation. These variables explained 32.8% of the variance of EBP implementation among clinical nurses.  The findings suggest that not only individual nurses' knowledge/skills of and beliefs about EBP but organizational EBP culture should be strengthened to promote clinical nurses' EBP implementation.
Consumption Emotion, Satisfaction and Word of Mouth: A structural Study of Demographic Correlates Consumption Emotion, Satisfaction

Consumption emotions are of importance to marketing organizations as they help them to understand the consumer and therefore have some measure of control over post purchase behavior. Many previous studies have recognized that consumers' emotions have a significant influence on customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Though it is accepted that women and men differ in their emotional responses there have been almost no research throwing light on how their emotional responses are different to service consumptions like watching a movie. Neither there has been research to show whether age and income play a role in creating differences in consumption emotion. This paper follows the pleasure arousal model and tries to assess whether age, income and gender play a role in causing differential effect on pleasure and arousal and thereby generating different levels of satisfaction and word of mouth for movies.
Insatisfaction des salaries et des clients en reaction a l'automatisation des caisses d'un hypermarche de la prise de parole a la defection et a la negligence

La grande distribution fait l'objet d'innovations technologiques fortes. Le developpement des caisses libre service (CLS) vise a reduire les depenses de personnel et faciliter la gestion des effectifs en caisse, tout en repondant aux attentes de nombreux consommateurs autonomes et presses. Nous analysons les reactions des clients et des salaries a l'automatisation des caisses dans un hypermarche a l'aide du modele Defection, Prise de parole, Loyaute, Negligence connu sous l'acronyme anglo saxon EVLN (Exit, Voice, Loyalty, Neglect) initie par les travaux fondateurs de Hirschmann, en utilisant egalement le modele d'acceptation de la technologie developpe par Venkatesh et Davis. Nous nous appuyons sur une etude de cas unique portant sur l'un des hypermarches francais les plus avances en matiere d'automatisation des caisses. La methodologie qualitative repose sur une observation participante d'une duree de trois ans, sur 29 entretiens semi directifs avec les salaries et sur une analyse du contenu de 184 reclamations emises par la clientele. La recherche permet de mettre en evidence les manifestations concretes de la prise de parole, de la defection et de la negligence. Les reticences vis a vis de l'automatisation exprimees a la fois par la clientele et le personnel sont ainsi expliquees a l'aide du modele d'acceptation de la technologie. L'interet de comparer les perceptions de salaries et de clients est mis en evidence. Les sources d'insatisfaction vis a vis de l'automatisation ne sont pas identiques, ce qui necessite des analyses croisees des convergences et divergences de perceptions. L'analyse des mecanismes de co production du service et du transfert de role de l'organisation vers les clients dans la distribution apparait ainsi riche, avec de nouvelles formes d'intensification du travail des caissiers. Dans ce contexte de changement technologique, l'importance des mecanismes d'ecoute des salaries et des clients est soulignee. La recherche contribue ainsi au renouveau des etudes sur l'importance de la prise de parole en relations industrielles dans une economie de plus en plus tertiaire, caracterisee par une forte evolution technologique.
Design comparison of NdFeB and ferrite radial flux magnetic gears
Venue: 2016 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)

Magnetic gears promise the benefits of mechanical gears with added advantages from contactless power transfer. Although most literature focuses on minimizing the size of magnetic gears, their material costs must also be reduced to achieve economic feasibility. This work compares the active material costs of NdFeB and ferrite radial flux magnetic gears with surface permanent magnets through a parametric 2D and 3D finite element analysis (FEA) study. Differences in optimal design trends such as pole count and magnet thicknesses are illustrated for the two materials. The results demonstrate that, for most historical price combination scenarios, NdFeB gear designs are capable of achieving lower active material costs than ferrite gear designs, and they are always capable of achieving much higher torque densities. Based on the selected design constraints, relative to a nominal ferrite cost of $10/kg, NdFeB must cost more than $90/kg before ferrite is cost competitive. Additionally, contour plots are provided to show the impact of material price rate variation on the cost break points.
Creep fatigue crack growth behaviour of P91 steels

The importance of predicting failure due to combined creep fatigue crack growth in high temperature power plant components has become of great importance importance due to the need for plant to 'load follow' in response to fluctuations in demands and the availability of renewables. P91 steel has been widely utilized in conventional plant components. Creep fatigue crack growth (CFCG) tests have been performed on compact specimens at temperatures ranging between 600deg C to 625deg C. The experimental results have been compared to static creep, high cycle fatigue and CFCG test data available in literature on P91 steel. The CFCG data has been characterised using stress intensity factor range parameter, DK and C* parameter. The crack growth per cycle and K relationship shows that at high frequency, the CFCG behaviour tends to that of high cycle fatigue crack growth and at low frequency, the contribution of creep becomes increasingly more significant. The correlation between crack growth rate and C* parameter, shows that most CFCG data fall within the creep crack growth (CCG) P91 data band which may indicate that the crack growth behaviour is dominated by creep processes. Fractography has also shown an intergranular, ductile fracture surface indicating creep dominance for the conditions considered. A linear cummulative rule has ben used to predict the CFCG experimental result.
Creep Fatigue Crack Growth Testing in P91 Steel

In response to the availability of on line renewable energy and the transient fluctuation in energy demands, it is required that the power output conventional power plant is altered accordingly i.e. they are operated in a flexible manner. Many conventional power plants have been in operation for many years and therefore significant creep strain/damage or even defects may exist in their high temperature components. Flexible operation may in addition generate significant fatigue loading in these components. Many high temperature components, such as pipes, in conventional plant have been manufactured from P91 steel. This work aims to examine the interactive effects of creep and fatigue on a defected P91 component. Interactive creep fatigue crack growth tests have been performed on compact tension specimens made out of P91 steel at 600 degC and 625 degC. The crack growth rates have been correlated with the linear elastic fracture mechanics parameter K and the creep fracture mechanics parameter C* Metallography and fractography has also been performed to examine the predominant modes of fracture