nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
In vivo job development training among peer providers of homeless veterans supported employment programs.
Venue: Psychiatric rehabilitation journal

This column describes a goal oriented, time limited in vivo coaching/training approach for skills building among peer veterans vocational rehabilitation specialists of the Homeless Veteran Supported Employment Program (HVSEP) PURPOSE Planning, implementing, and evaluating the training approach for peer providers was intended, ultimately, to support veterans in their goal of returning to community competitive employment.  USED The description draws from the training experience that aimed to improve the ability of peer providers to increase both rates of employment and wages of the homeless veterans using their services.  Training peers using an in vivo training approach provided a unique opportunity for the veterans to improve their job development skills with a focus to support employment outcomes for the service users. Peers who received training also expressed that learning skills through an in vivo training approach was more engaging than typical classroom trainings.
Person Re identification by Multi Channel Parts Based CNN with Improved Triplet Loss Function
Venue: 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

Person re identification across cameras remains a very challenging problem, especially when there are no overlapping fields of view between cameras. In this paper, we present a novel multi channel parts based convolutional neural network (CNN) model under the triplet framework for person re identification. Specifically, the proposed CNN model consists of multiple channels to jointly learn both the global full body and local body parts features of the input persons. The CNN model is trained by an improved triplet loss function that serves to pull the instances of the same person closer, and at the same time push the instances belonging to different persons farther from each other in the learned feature space. Extensive comparative evaluations demonstrate that our proposed method significantly outperforms many state of the art approaches, including both traditional and deep network based ones, on the challenging i LIDS, VIPeR, PRID2011 and CUHK01 datasets.
Antioxidant activity of oils extracted from orange (Citrus sinensis) seeds.
Venue: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias

Due to the increasing production of food in the world with consequent increase of the production of waste, the importance of developing researches for its use is noticed. Thus, the interest in vegetable oils with bioactive compounds, such as the ones extracted from fruit seeds, is growing. Therefore, the present study aims to characterize the oils extracted from seeds of Hamlin, Natal, Pera rio and Valencia orange varieties (Citrus sinensis) as to the levels of total carotenoids, total phenolic compounds, tocopherols and phytosterols, as well as to determine their antioxidant activity. The orange seed oils presented important content of total carotenoids (19.01 mg/kg) total phenolic compounds (4.43 g/kg) a tocopherol (135.65 mg/kg) and phytosterols (1304.2 mg/kg) The antioxidant activity ranged from 56.0% (Natal) to 70.2% (Pera rio) According to the results it is possible to conclude that the orange seed oils can be used as specialty oils in diet, since they contain considerable amounts of bioactive compounds and antioxidants.
Unveiling 3D Deformations in Polymer Composites by Coupled Micro X Ray Computed Tomography and Volumetric Digital Image Correlation

A new method combining micro X ray computed tomography (mXCT) and volumetric digital image correlation (V DIC) in conjunction with in situ mechanical testing was used to probe three dimensional (3D) deformation behavior in a friction stir blind rivet (FSBR) joint of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite. Intrinsic microstructural features such as fibers, pores and metal inclusions enabled accurate volumetric strain calculation of dense fiber reinforced polymer composites using V DIC without the need for high contrast additives. Deformation calculated with V DIC was employed to determine variation of local mechanical properties within the FSBR altered stir zone microstructure. Unique deformation mechanisms such as internal interfacial shear and microstructure dependent local buckling were observed in situ. The obtained 3D microscale strain maps revealed that the deformation behavior in joint affected zones was fundamentally different from that of the bulk composite. Combined mXCT and V DIC were shown to be effective for understanding 3D microscale deformations in composites.
"Grundvorstellungen" as a Category of Subject Matter Didactics

One of the central issues that has long captivated research efforts in mathematical education concerns the question of what mental representations people have of mathematical content. That is, what meaning do people associate with mathematical content, and what role do these mental representations play in teaching and learning mathematics? To this end, a number of different categories concerning mental representations have been developed, including, e. g. "intuition" "use meaning" or "concept image" One approach, stemming from the German Stoffdidaktik (subject matter didactics) tradition, is constituted by the didactic category of Grundvorstellung(en) In this contribution we begin by investigating the origins and the development of the concept of Grundvorstellung in the German speaking research literature on mathematics education. Then, we summarize the main ideas of the concept, particularly concerning its normative, descriptive, and constructive use as well as the distinction between primary and secondary Grundvorstellungen. Following this, a number of typical areas of application will be considered. We will then discuss the use of Grundvorstellungen in the construction and classification of items for quantitative assessment, as well as the role of Grundvorstellungen as a descriptive and explanatory category in empirical classroom research.ZusammenfassungZu den wichtigen Forschungsinteressen der Didaktik der Mathematik gehort seit langem die Frage, was Menschen sich unter mathematischen Inhalten vorstellen, welche inhaltliche Bedeutung sie damit verbinden und welche Rolle diese Vorstellungen beim Lehren und Lernen von Mathematik spielen. Hierzu haben sich unterschiedliche Konzepte uber mentale Reprasentationen entwickelt, z. B. unter den Begriffen ,intuition" ,use meaning" oder ,concept image" Ein Ansatz, der sich im Zusammenhang mit der deutschen Stoffdidaktik entwickelt hat, ist das Grundvorstellungskonzept. Im Beitrag gehen wir zunachst auf Entstehung und Entwicklung dieses Konzepts in der deutschsprachigen Mathematikdidaktik ein. Danach werden Kernpunkte dieses Konzepts dargestellt wie die Unterscheidung zwischen normativer, deskriptiver und konstruktiver Verwendung sowie zwischen primaren und sekundaren Grundvorstellungen. Weiterhin werden exemplarisch wichtige Anwendungsfelder dargestellt. Hierbei gehen wir auch auf die Verwendung von Grundvorstellungen bei der Konstruktion und Klassifizierung von Items fur quantitative Studien ein, ebenso wie auf die Rolle von Grundvorstellungen als Beschreibungs und Erklarungskategorie in der empirischen Unterrichtsforschung.
Guidelines for leveraging university didactics centers to support OER uptake in German speaking Europe

Although less well established than in other parts of the world, higher education institutions in German speaking countries have seen a marked increase in the number of open educational resource (OER) initiatives and in government supported OER funding in recent years. OER implementation, however, brings with it a unique set of challenges in German speaking higher education contexts, stemming in part from copyright laws and use permissions that have made sharing and reuse of educational materials less prevalent. The article discusses how instructional development centers, including university didactics centers hochschuldidaktische Zentren and e learning centers, can play a key role in faculty uptake and adoption of OER, and concludes by proposing a set of OER implementation guidelines that leverage the expertise and interfacing role of these centers in German speaking countries.
Near infrared face recognition: A literature survey
Venue: Comput. Sci. Rev.

As a primary modality in biometrics, human face recognition has been employed widely in the computer vision domain because of its performance in a wide range of applications such as surveillance systems and forensics. Recently, near infrared (NIR) imagery has been used in many face recognition systems because of the high robustness to illumination changes in the acquired images. Even though some surveys have been conducted in this infrared domain, they have focused on thermal infrared methods rather than NIR methods. Furthermore, none of the previous infrared surveys provided comprehensive and critical analyses of NIR methods. Therefore, this paper presents an up to date survey of the well known NIR methods that are used to solve the problem of illumination. The paper includes a discussion of the benefits and drawbacks of various NIR methods. Finally, the most promising avenues for future research are highlighted.
Contaminating microzooplankton in outdoor microalgal mass culture systems: An ecological viewpoint

Ecological studies of contaminating microzooplankton in microalgal mass culture are important for large scale cultivation risk management and remediation strategies, with the ultimate goal to ensure the sustainable high yield production of microalgal biomass. Using multivariate statistical techniques, the characteristics and relationships with environmental variables of contaminating microzooplankton species were studied in commercial production of Spirulina platensis in outdoor raceway ponds in East and North China. A total of 16 microzooplankton species were identified from 64 large scale raceway ponds, including three rotifers, two amoebae, and eleven ciliates. The relative abundance of individual microzooplankton species was in an order, from high to low, of ciliates rotifers amoebae. The ciliate Cyclidium marinum was the most frequently occurring species, mainly due to its wide tolerance of environmental conditions; and the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis was the key contaminating species, responsible for major loss of biomass productivity owing to its high level of occurrence and feed characteristics as an algivore. The high salinity habitats of the culture systems in North China featured the ciliate Frontonia didieri as an algophagous indicator species, while in East China the amoebae Nuclearia simplex and Euplaesiobystra hypersalinica were indicators for seed ponds and production ponds, respectively, attributed to the specific physicochemical conditions of the local environments. Fine tuning of salinity and pH away even temporarily from the optima of these contaminating microzooplankton species may be an easy and effective protocol for contamination control. Our investigation indicates the importance of comprehensively considering the environmental optima, tolerances and feed characteristics of contaminating species, together with continuous monitoring and ecological data analysis, for efficient management strategies geared towards the mitigation of biological contamination in microalgal mass culture.
Does Technical Debt Lead to the Rejection of Pull Requests?
Venue: CloudCom 2016

Technical Debt is a term used to classify non optimal solutions during software development. These solutions cause several maintenance problems and hence they should be avoided or at least documented. Although there are a considered number of studies that focus on the identification of Technical Debt, we focus on the identification of Technical Debt in pull requests. Specifically, we conduct an investigation to reveal the different types of Technical Debt that can lead to the rejection of pull requests. From the analysis of 1,722 pull requests, we classify Technical Debt in seven categories namely design, documentation, test, build, project convention, performance, or security debt. Our results indicate that the most common category of Technical Debt is design with 39.34% followed by test with 23.70% and project convention with 15.64% We also note that the type of Technical Debt influences on the size of push request discussions, e.g. security and project convention debts instigate more discussion than the other types.
Short communication: Urea induces T helper 2 (Th2) type environment at transcriptional level and prostaglandin E2 secretion in bovine oviduct epithelial cells in culture.
Venue: Journal of dairy science

Excess dietary protein intake in early lactation dairy cows resulting in blood urea nitrogen of greater than 19 to 20mg/dL is associated with decreased fertility. Little is known about the local interference of urea in the normal immunological environment of the oviduct that provides optimal conditions for early reproductive events. A bovine oviduct epithelial cell (BOEC) culture was used to determine how urea influences immune environment. The BOEC monolayer was supplemented with low (20mg/dL) and high (40mg/dL) concentrations of urea together with ovarian steroids, estradiol (1ng/mL) and progesterone (1ng/mL) and LH (10ng/mL) at concentrations observed during the preovulatory period. The urea values used in this study were equivalent to 9.3 and 18.7mg/dL of blood urea nitrogen, which are typically common in lactating dairy cows with low or high protein intake, respectively. Stimulation of BOEC with 40mg/dL of urea induced gene expression of IL10 and IL4, epithelial derived T helper type 2 driving (anti inflammatory) cytokines as well as mPGES 1 expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion. However, urea concentrations of both 20 and 40mg/dL failed to alter the expression of IL1B and TNFA, Th1 driving cytokines, and the gene expression of TLR4. However, a concentration of 40mg/dL of urea stimulated a 1 acid glycoprotein expression, an acute phase protein. Data from this in vitro study suggest that urea, at least in part, contributes to influence the expression of some immune related genes toward T helper type 2 type and prostaglandin E2 secretion, leading to disruption in local environment for fertilization and early embryonic development.
Development and pilot evaluation of a home based palliative care training and support package for young children in southern Africa
Venue: BMC Palliative Care

BackgroundThe leading cause of death among young children in southern Africa is complications due to HIV infection and, in South Africa, over a third of all deaths of children younger than five are associated with HIV infection. There is a great and urgent need for children's palliative care in Africa, whether HIV related or not. It is often not possible for sick children and their carers to attend clinics and hospitals cannot accommodate children for long periods of time. As a result children are often cared for in their own homes where caregivers require support to provide informed and sensitive care to reduce children's suffering. Home care places a heavy burden on families, communities and home and community based care workers.MethodsThis project involved the development and pilot evaluation of a training and support package to guide home and community based care workers to help caregivers of seriously ill young children at home in southern Africa. A number of research methods were used, including a cross sectional survey of content experts using the Delphi technique, participatory action research with photo elicitation and qualitative thematic analysis.ResultsBecause the palliative care needs of these children are complex, the package focuses on delivering 9 key messages essential to improving the quality of care provided for young children. Once the key messages were developed, culturally relevant stories were constructed to enhance the understanding, retention and enactment of the messages. The various research methods used, including literature reviews, the Delphi technique and photo elicitation ensured that the content included in the package was medically sound and culturally relevant, acceptable, feasible, and comprehensive. The end product is a home based paediatric palliative care training and support package in English designed to help train community workers who are in a position to support families to care for very sick young children at home as well as to support families in looking after a very sick child. pilot study to assess the training and support package found it to be useful in delivering the key messages to caregivers. The training component was found to be feasible. It is concluded that the package offers a practical means of integrating palliative care with home based care. Further implementation and evaluation is needed to establish its utility and impact.
Multifunctional Fe3O4@SiO2@GdVO4:Eu3+ core shell nanocomposite for a potential drug carrier

Core shell structured multifunctional nanoparticles, Fe3O4@SiO2@GdVO4:Eu3+ have been prepared through a simple hydrothermal method. The obtained magnetic fluorescent nanoparticles exhibit high saturation magnetization (17.33 emu g 1) excellent luminescence, and high specific surface area (19.04 m2 g 1) N2 adsorption desorption and cytotoxicity experiments indicated that the asprepared material has large accessible pore volume (0.16 cm3 g 1) and good biocompatibility, that suggest promising application in drug delivery.
Synthesis, Characterization and Cytotoxicity of Novel Multifunctional Fe3O4@SiO2@GdVO4:Dy3+ Core Shell Nanocomposite as a Drug Carrier
Venue: Materials

In this study, multifunctional Fe3O4@SiO2@GdVO4:Dy3+ nanocomposites were successfully synthesized via a two step method. Their structure, luminescence and magnetic properties were characterized by X ray diffraction (XRD) scanning electronic microscope (SEM) transmission electron microscopy (TEM) photoluminescence (PL) spectra and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) The results indicated that the as prepared multifunctional composites displayed a well defined core shell structure. The composites show spherical morphology with a size distribution of around 360 nm. Additionally, the composites exhibit high saturation magnetization (20.40 emu/g) and excellent luminescence properties. The inner Fe3O4 cores and the outer GdVO4:Dy3+ layers endow the composites with good responsive magnetic properties and strong fluorescent properties, which endow the nanoparticles with great potential applications in drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging, and marking and separating of cells in vitro.
Facile preparation of multifunctional Fe3O4@SiO2@LaVO4:Eu3+ nanocomposites as potential drug carriers

In this paper, novel Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @LaVO 4 :Eu 3+ composites were successfully synthesized with a two step method. Their structure and properties were analyzed and discussed. The as synthesized nanocomposites displayed well defined core shell structures. The particle size of the composites is about 200 nm which consists of the magnetic core with about 180 nm in diameter and a silica shell with an average thickness of about 20 nm. Significantly, the composites exhibited a high saturation magnetization (29.40 emu g 1 excellent luminescence properties and high specific surface area (34.03 m 2 g 1 which endow the nanoparticles with great potential applications in drug targeting, bioseparation and diagnostic analysis.
The effect of varying the capping agent of magnetic/luminescent Fe3O4 InP/ZnSe core shell nanocomposite

Magnetic luminescent nanoparticles have shown great promise in various biomedical applications namely: contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, multifunctional drug carrier system, magnetic separation of cells, cell tracking, immunoassay, and magnetic bioseparation. This experiment describes the synthesis of a nanocomposite material, which is composed of an iron oxide (Fe3O4) superparamagnetic core and an indium phosphide/zinc selenide (InP/ZnSe) quantum dot shell. The magnetic nanoparticles (MNP's) and quantum dots (QD's) were synthesized separately before allowing them to conjugate. The MNP's were functionalized with a thiol group allowing the QD shell to bind to the surface of the MNP by the formation of a thiol metal bond. The nanocomposite was capped with 3 mercaptopropionic acid, oleylamine, b cyclodextrin and their influence on the photoluminescence investigated. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized with high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR TEM) energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) selective electron area diffraction (SAED) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) and photoluminescence. These techniques yielded particle size, morphology, dispersion, and chemical composition including luminescence and florescence.
Improving Joint Features and Mechanical Properties of Pinless Fiction Stir Welding of Alcald 2A12 T4 Aluminum Alloy

As a new solid state welding, pinless friction stir welding (PFSW) can be used to join thin wall structures. In this study, four new pinless tools with different groove distributions were designed and manufactured in order to enrich technological storage of PFSW and obtain sound joint with high quality of alclad 2A12 T4 alloy. The results show that the small obliquity tool is detrimental to the transfer of plasticized materials, resulting in the formation of kissing bond defect. For the through groove tool or the large curvature tool, bigger flashes form on the joint surface and alclad layer is observed in the nugget zone (NZ) deteriorating mechanical properties. Compared with the above mentioned three tools, using the six groove tool with rational curvature and obliquity can not only yield sound joint with small flashes and thickness reduction, but also prevent alclad from flowing into NZ, which has potential to weld thin alclad aluminum alloys. Meanwhile, the tensile strength and elongation of joint using the six groove tool reach the maximum values of 362 MPa and 8.3% up to 85.1% and 64% of BM.
Fundamental Criteria for Effective Textbook Evaluation

Since textbook evaluation is an interesting area in the field of applied linguistics, the present study intends to investigate Moroccan teachers' perspectives concerning the EFL textbook "Visa to the World" designed for common core high school students in Morocco. It also aims to assess the effectiveness of this textbook which was suggested by the Moroccan Ministry of National Education as an instructional material for middle school students. This means that the researchers intend to highlight teachers' attitudes towards the textbook through which students obtain the linguistic knowledge needed so as to communicate in English with native and non native speakers. It is highly significant to mention that the study assesses the effectiveness of the textbook, "Visa to the World" on the basis of seven main criteria: the physical appearance and format of the textbook, the accompanying materials, the content and the topics, the exercises and the activities, cultural presentation, the four skills and the language methods that the textbook adopts.