nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Loving Boys Twice as Much: Chinese Women's Paradoxical Fandom of "Boys' Love" Fiction

This study examines how young female Chinese fans negotiate gender, sexuality, and identity through their readings of Chinese boys' love (BL) fiction. BL fiction, or danmei in Chinese, is a romantic fiction genre featuring same sex relationships between two men. I argue that BL fandom facilitates a gendered politics of looking that empowers female readers to turn a voyeuristic gaze upon men. This subversive gaze allows fans to play with patriarchal gender constructions, provides escapism, and creates aesthetics that offer an alternative to cliched heterosexual romantic storytelling. Because of their shared interests and practices, a distinctive BL online subculture has formed. Within this subculture, fans also demonstrate a diverse, fluid, and individualistic identification with BL. BL fandom also shapes these young women's perceptions of same sex love while disavowing their heterosexual privileges. Indeed, fans seem to appropriate the marginalized BL stories to express their own desires for idealized heterosexual relationships.
LSB Based Quantum Image Steganography Algorithm

Quantum steganography is the technique which hides a secret message into quantum covers such as quantum images. In this paper, two blind LSB steganography algorithms in the form of quantum circuits are proposed based on the novel enhanced quantum representation (NEQR) for quantum images. One algorithm is plain LSB which uses the message bits to substitute for the pixels' LSB directly. The other is block LSB which embeds a message bit into a number of pixels that belong to one image block. The extracting circuits can regain the secret message only according to the stego cover. Analysis and simulation based experimental results demonstrate that the invisibility is good, and the balance between the capacity and the robustness can be adjusted according to the needs of applications.
Behavioral Economics: Past, Present and Future

There has been growing interest in the field come to me known as "behavioral economics" which attempts to incorporate insights from other social sciences, especially psychology, in order to enrich the standard economic model. This interest the underlying psychology of human behavior returns economics to its earliest roots. Scholars such as Adam Smith talked about such key concepts as loss aversion, overconfidence, and self control. Nevertheless, the modern version of behavioral economics introduced in the 1980s met with resistance by some economists, who preferred to retain the standard neo classical model. They introduced several arguments for why psychology could safely be ignored. In this essay I show that these arguments have been rejected, both theoretically and empirically, so it is time to move on. The new approach to economics should include two different kinds of theories: normative models that characterize the optimal solution to specific problems and descriptive models that capture how humans actually behave. The latter theories will incorporate some variables I call supposedly irrelevant factors. By adding these factors such as framing or temptation we can improve the explanatory power of economic models. If everyone includes all the factors that do determine economic behavior, then the field of behavioral economics will no longer need to exist.
Media Discourse About Entrepreneurial Journalism

Drawing on insights from field theory, this article examines journalists' textual and discursive construction of entrepreneurial journalism from 2000 to 2014. The goal is to understand how such discursive practices contribute to the articulation and legitimation of entrepreneurial journalism as a form of cultural capital as the field's economic imperatives change. The findings suggest that "entrepreneurial journalism" is a condensational term: it is defined broadly and loosely but generally in a positive way. Despite the potential for disruption to long standing journalistic doxa, particularly normative stances related to the separation of editorial and commercial interests, much of the examined discourse seems to reflect a belief that entrepreneurialism is not only acceptable but even vital for survival in a digital age.
Muslims in social media discourse: Combining topic modeling and critical discourse analysis

This article combines topic modeling and critical discourse analysis to examine patterns of representation around the words Muslim and Islam in a 105 million word corpus of a large Swedish Internet forum from 2000 to 2013. Despite the increased importance of social media in the (re)production of discursive power in society, this is the first study of its kind. The analysis shows that Muslims are portrayed in the forum as a homogeneous outgroup that is embroiled in conflict, violence and extremism: characteristics that are described as emanating from Islam as a religion. These patterns are strikingly similar to but often more extreme versions of those previously found in analysis of traditional media. This indicates that, in this case, the internet forum seems to serve as an "online amplifier" that reflects and reinforces existing discourses in traditional media, which is likely to result in even stronger polarizing effects on public discourses.
Communication between Developers and Testers in Distributed Continuous Agile Testing
Venue: 2016 IEEE 11th International Conference on Global Software Engineering (ICGSE)

Software developers and testers have to work together to achieve the goals of software development projects. In globally distributed software projects the development and testing are often scattered across multiple locations forming virtual teams. Further, the distributed projects are so complex that none of team members can possibly possess all the knowledge about the project individually. During testing in such teams, developers and testers need to coordinate and communicate frequently. However, coordination is affected by the availability of the project information, which is distributed among different project members and organizational structures. Many companies are facing decisions about how to apply agile methods in their distributed projects. These companies are often motivated by the opportunities of solving the coordination and communication difficulties associated with global software development. In this paper we investigate the communication between testers and developers in two teams from two software companies performing continuous agile testing in a distributed setting. We describe four communication practices used by the team: handover through issue tracker system, formal meetings, written communication and coordination by mutual adjustment. We also discuss communication between testers and developers in collocated versus distributed testers and developers. We have found that early participation of the testers is very important to the success of the handover between testers and developers. The communication between developers and testers is not sufficiently effective through written communication and that it changes depending on the type of the tasks and experience of the testers.
Highly Automated Agile Testing Process: An Industrial Case Study
Venue: e Informatica Softw. Eng. J.

This paper presents a description of an agile testing process in a medium size software project that is developed using Scrum. The research methods used is the case study were as follows: surveys, quantifiable project data sources and qualitative project members opinions were used for data collection. Challenges related to the testing process regarding a complex project environment and unscheduled releases were identified. Based on the obtained results, we concluded that the described approach addresses well the aforementioned issues. Therefore, recommendations were made with regard to the employed principles of agility, specifically: continuous integration, responding to change, test automation and test driven development. Furthermore, an ecient testing environment that combines a number of test frameworks (e.g. JUnit, Selenium, Jersey Test) with custom developed simulators is presented.
Challenges in Adapting Agile Testing in a Legacy Product
Venue: 2016 IEEE 11th International Conference on Global Software Engineering (ICGSE)

This paper describes a case study of agile testing adoption in a legacy software product development referred here as Global Configurator Product (GCP) The stakeholders are distributed across locations in Germany, India and the U. S. Product development was practicing waterfall development model while adopting scrum. This paper shows challenges encountered by the testing team. The testing team evolved practices in the areas of new role mapping for test managers and testers, new responsibilities for test manager and tester, strengthening technical and soft skills of the testing team and adopting agile testing strategies. These practices contributed towards maximizing testing effectiveness and the product successes. This paper also demonstrates agile test pyramid and test quadrant mapping with our testing and measures testing effectiveness with the help of testing metrics. The paper targets scrum masters, test managers and testers in agile software development.
Impact of agile testing over traditional testing

Nowadays, most of the companies are adopting the Agile method for developing and introducing the Agile new software product as a per customer needs. In this model or product, the agile testing deals with rapid working and successful in small situations. The other old approaches like waterfall, prototype etc. model where testing are done at the later phase, i.e. after coding but Agile testing are more flexible and adaptable because testing start at early phase of software development life cycle. Scrum is used for that project where automation can be very fruitful at many phases. This paper reviews on the impact of Agile software testing over traditional testing field and how automation beneficial for Agile testing. Thus, this paper gets deep view on automation of agile and their technique which used.
Towards Agile Testing for Railway Safety critical Software
Venue: XP Workshops

EN 50128 gives a general guidance for testing railway safety critical software. However, it does not specify how to test safety critical software in an agile development environment. Based on our observation, agile software development has not been applied to the development of the Chinese Train Control System (CTCS) Previous research focused on agile methods for managing and planning safety critical software development. There exists little research about agile testing for developing railway safety critical software in the literature. In this paper, we identify several major shortcomings of the existing practice of testing railway safety critical software in China. In particular, we find out, that Continuous Integration (CI) and Continuous Delivery (CD) are missing from the current practice of agile testing. Furthermore, effective techniques and tools are lacking for CTCS. To address these shortcomings, we propose an agile testing framework for developing railway safety critical software. In this framework, a build automation tool manages source code, unit tests, integration tests, resources and other tools. This test framework supports CI and CD, making agile testing possible. In addition, it includes effective unit and integration testing tools that allow rigorous tests to be generated. We believe this test framework will not only be applied to railway software, but also used for other safety critical software.
Agile Testing Automation Framework

Software testing is one of the most important phases of Software Development Life Cycle and main technique to find bugs and ensure the quality of the software. Software Testing can be conducted manually as well as automated. In manual testing, testing is done without any tool. In automation testing, testing is done with the help of automated testing tools. In recent times, agile development and testing are growing in popularity. Agile testing tools vary from project management tools to automated testing tools. In this paper, we have explained the detailed working of Agile Testing Framework (ATF) The ATF is about implementing the ideal automated testing environment in an agile organization, to deliver quality software, fast. The ATF Architecture can be used to easily integrate with continuous integration tools and best in class third party testing tools to allow for accessibility, security, web consistency and full performance (front end, middleware and load) testing.
The Cognitive Content of the World of Symbols in a Language.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the meaning of symbols, the symbolic world in linguistics.Using the methods of observation, analysis, synthesis and interpretation, the author determines the category of symbols in linguistic cognitive research. The study delineates connection between linguistic image of the universe and symbolic categories of empirical cognition and also describes the language symbols as an indicator of the ethno cultural association potential of a single language in different countries.The study shows that symbolization in a language affects the role of the national cultural cognitive association in the formation of a unified concept and image of the world language. Thus, the practical value of the research is that the process of symbolization sheds light on the most characteristic features of a language symbol, namely the newness, communicativeness and cognitive activity.
THE CLIMATE AS A KEY FACTOR OF PUBLIC LIFE IN EUROPEAN CITIES

Is weather a factor that determines the efficiency of public life in European cities? It can be said that every six months public life changes radically in European cities in response to changes in the weather, such as, the type of activities that take place. Furthermore, in these European cities, culture is another important characteristic of public life. In the first stages the results of this research, identified the following characteristics as factors of efficiency of public life in these cities: climate, the mobility system, the historic area, vitality, materials, vegetation and buildings. These variables define the quality of public life in the cities studied. Weather conditions determine many of the patterns of urban organization. All these features would require the analysis of multiple variables which would be impossible to carry out manually. Thus, this article suggests the design of a software application that could enable the analysis of public life in light of these efficiency factors, to guide the city to sustainability.
Self Awareness After Brain Injury: Relation with Emotion Recognition and Effects of Treatment
Venue: Brain Impairment

Self awareness is often impaired after acquired brain injury (ABI) and this hampers rehabilitation, in general: unrealistic reports by patients about their functioning and poor motivation and compliance with treatment. We evaluated a self awareness treatment that was part of a treatment protocol on executive dysfunction (Spikman, Boelen, Lamberts, Brouwer, Fasotti, 2010) A total of 63 patients were included, aged 17 70, suffering non progressive ABI, and minimum time post onset of 3 months. Self awareness was measured by comparing the patient's Dysexecutive Questionnaire (Wilson, Alderman, Burgess, Emslie, Evans, 1996) score with that of an independent other. As emotion recognition is associated with self awareness and influences the effect of rehabilitation treatment, we assessed this function using the Facial Expressions of Emotion Stimuli and Tests (Young, Perrett, Calder, Sprengelmeyer, Ekman, 2002) Results showed that patients in the experimental treatment group (n 29) had better self awareness after training than control patients (n 34) Moreover, our results confirmed that the level of self awareness before treatment was related to emotion recognition. Hence, self awareness can improve after neuropsychological treatment fostering self monitoring. Since neuropsychological treatment involves social learning, impairments in social cognition should be taken into account before starting and during treatment.
High performance materials in infrastructure: a review of applied life cycle costing and its drivers the case of fiber reinforced composites

In recent years, an investment bottleneck for public infrastructure has accumulated in many industrial countries. Life cycle costing (LCC) is an appropriate management instrument for long term and sustainable investment. This article addresses the evaluation of high performance materials (HPM) using LCC to reduce that investment bottleneck. Our research questions are, first, whether and how LCC can be applied to HPM, second, which drivers are primarily influencing the results of a LCC analysis for HPM, and finally, whether HPM are suitable for infrastructure investments, according to economic, social and environmental criteria. We use a comprehensive literature review to analyze existing case studies that apply LCC to HPM. Our review shows that LCC is applied to HPM for structural applications with different levels of detail and quality. The initial results indicate that total life cycle costs for HPM are on average 10% higher. We urge the optimization of the cost structure of HPM to achieve the same level of life cycle costs as conventional construction materials. Moreover, we argue for a more holistic approach that does not ignore sustainability criteria throughout the life cycle of HPM based on the identified drivers of life cycle costs: external costs, an extended life cycle, the discount rate and the expected service life. Indeed, a screened subsample of eight cases is very competitive, with average total life cycle costs for HPM that are 8.4% lower. We share the belief in a more eco centric approach and, therefore, demand further research into a societal type of LCC that improves the mechanical properties while not ignoring sustainability criteria for new product systems such as HPM.
Indonesia's road to universal health coverage: a political journey.
Venue: Health policy and planning

In 2013 Indonesia, the world's fourth most populous country, declared that it would provide affordable health care for all its citizens within seven years. This crystallised an ambition first enshrined in law over five decades earlier, but never previously realised. This paper explores Indonesia's journey towards universal health coverage (UHC) from independence to the launch of a comprehensive health insurance scheme in January 2014. We find that Indonesia's path has been determined largely by domestic political concerns different groups obtained access to healthcare as their socio political importance grew.A major inflection point occurred following the Asian financial crisis of 1997. To stave off social unrest, the government provided health coverage for the poor for the first time, creating a path dependency that influenced later policy choices. The end of this programme coincided with decentralisation, leading to experimentation with several different models of health provision at the local level. When direct elections for local leaders were introduced in 2005, popular health schemes led to success at the polls. UHC became an electoral asset, moving up the political agenda. It also became contested, with national policy makers appropriating health insurance programmes that were first developed locally, and taking credit for them.The Indonesian experience underlines the value of policy experimentation, and of a close understanding of the contextual and political factors that drive successful UHC models at the local level. Specific drivers of success and failure should be taken into account when scaling UHC to the national level. In the Indonesian example, UHC became possible when the interests of politically and economically influential groups were either satisfied or neutralised. While technical considerations took a back seat to political priorities in developing the structures for health coverage nationally, they will have to be addressed going forward to achieve sustainable UHC in Indonesia.
Political settlements and pathways to universal health coverage

health coverage (UHC) has consolidated its position atop the global public health agenda. However, as a growing body of technical and political analysis reveals, uncertainties remain over the ability of all countries to achieve UHC, and the pathways they should take to get there. This paper reviews some of the existing political economy analysis (PEA) of UHC, before presenting political settlements analysis (PSA) as an alternative, yet complementary, approach. It outlines a model that links political settlement type to UHC progress via political commitment, policy pathways, funding and governance arrangements, and provides some hypotheses about how fast progress to UHC will be under different political settlement types. It also argues that UHC champions should adapt their ways of working to fit the political settlement, distinguishing between 'government supporting' 'government substituting' and 'government connecting' strategies. It then presents case study evidence from six lowand lower middle income countries to help assess these claims. It concludes that, while the evidence of a relationship between political settlement and UHC progress is quite strong, the hypothesis about political settlement type and ways of working requires further research.
The Political Path to Universal Health Coverage: Elite Commitment to Community Based Health Insurance in Rwanda

Rwanda is the country with the highest enrolment in health insurance in Sub Saharan Africa. Pivotal in setting Rwanda on the path to universal health coverage is the community based health insurance (CBHI) which covers three quarters of the population. Despite the importance of the Rwandan case, analyses of the history and politics behind the scheme are largely absent. This article fills this gap by identifying the political drivers behind its development. It engages in process tracing of the critical policy choices regarding the CBHI: the design of the first pilot, the decision to make enrolment mandatory, the policies to ensure its adequate funding, and the strategy of day to day implementation. It argues that the commitment to expanding health coverage is part of the broader efforts of the ruling coalition to foster its legitimacy based on rapid socio economic development in a context of a dominant political settlement. The paper also argues that CBHI was chosen as a solution to expand access to healthcare over other approaches because it was the policy option that was the most compatible with the ruling coalition core paradigmatic ideas of popular participation, individual and national self reliance.
Occupational HIV risk for health care workers: risk factor and the risk of infection in the course of professional activities
Venue: Therapeutics and clinical risk management

Virtually created panic among health care workers about pandemic acquired immune deficiency syndrome prompted us to review the scientific literature to investigate the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission in the daily works of health care workers, especially surgeons and anesthesiologists. In this review, we report worldwide valuations of the number of HIV infections that may occur from unsafe daily work in health care. We also present how to minimize the risk of infection by taking precautions and how to utilize postexposure prophylaxis in accordance with the latest reports of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV infected patients will be aging, and most of them will become the candidates for procedures such as major vascular reconstruction and artery bypass grafting, where the risks of blood contact and staff injury are high. For these reasons, all health care workers need to know how to prevent, and fight following the accidental exposure to HIV.