nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploiting Lists of Names for Named Entity Identification of Financial Institutions from Unstructured Documents
Venue: ArXiv

There is a wealth of information about financial systems that is embedded in document collections. In this paper, we focus on a specialized text extraction task for this domain. The objective is to extract mentions of names of financial institutions, or FI names, from financial prospectus documents, and to identify the corresponding real world entities, e.g. by matching against a corpus of such entities. The tasks are Named Entity Recognition (NER) and Entity Resolution (ER) both are well studied in the literature. Our contribution is to develop a rule based approach that will exploit lists of FI names for both tasks; our solution is labeled Dict based NER and Rank based ER. Since the FI names are typically represented by a root, and a suffix that modifies the root, we use these lists of FI names to create specialized root and suffix dictionaries. To evaluate the effectiveness of our specialized solution for extracting FI names, we compare Dict based NER with a general purpose rule based NER solution, ORG NER. Our evaluation highlights the benefits and limitations of specialized versus general purpose approaches, and presents additional suggestions for tuning and customization for FI name extraction. To our knowledge, our proposed solutions, Dict based NER and Rank based ER, and the root and suffix dictionaries, are the first attempt to exploit specialized knowledge, i.e. lists of FI names, for rule based NER and ER.
resMBS: Constructing a Financial Supply Chain from Prospectus
Venue: DSMM@SIGMOD

Understanding the behavior of complex financial supply chains is usually difficult due to a lack of data capturing the interactions between financial institutions (FIs) and the roles that they play in financial contracts (FCs) resMBS is an example supply chain corresponding to the US residential mortgage backed securities that were critical in the 2008 US financial crisis. In this paper, we describe the process of creating the resMBS graph dataset from financial prospectus. We use the SystemT rule based text extraction platform to develop two tools, ORG NER and Dict NER, for named entity recognition of financial institution (FI) names. The resMBS graph comprises a set of FC nodes (each prospectus) and the corresponding FI nodes that are extracted from the prospectus. A Role FI extractor matches a role keyword such as originator, sponsor or servicer, with FI names. We study the performance of the Role FI extractor, and ORG NER and Dict NER, in constructing the resMBS dataset. We also present preliminary results of a clustering based analysis to identify financial communities and their evolution in the resMBS financial supply chain.
Midwives' and health visitors' collaborative relationships: A systematic review of qualitative and quantitative studies.
Venue: International journal of nursing studies

Interprofessional collaboration between midwives and health visitors working in maternal and child health services is widely encouraged. This systematic review aimed to identify existing and potential areas for collaboration between midwives and health visitors; explore the methods through which collaboration is and can be achieved; assess the effectiveness of this relationship between these groups, and ascertain whether the identified examples of collaboration are in line with clinical guidelines and policy.  A narrative synthesis of qualitative and quantitative studies. DATA SOURCES Fourteen electronic databases, research mailing lists, recommendations from key authors and reference lists and citations of included papers.  Papers were included if they explored one or a combination of: the areas of practice in which midwives and health visitors worked collaboratively; the methods that midwives and health visitors employed when communicating and collaborating with each other; the effectiveness of collaboration between midwives and health visitors; and whether collaborative practice between midwives and health visitors meet clinical guidelines. Papers were assessed for study quality.  Eighteen papers (sixteen studies) met the inclusion criteria. The studies found that midwives and health visitors reported valuing interprofessional collaboration, however this was rare in practice. Findings show that collaboration could be useful across the service continuum, from antenatal care, transition of care/handover, to postnatal care. Evidence for the effectiveness of collaboration between these two groups was equivocal and based on self reported data. In relation, multiple enablers and barriers to collaboration were identified. Communication was reportedly key to interprofessional collaboration.  Interprofessional collaboration was valuable according to both midwives and health visitors, however, this was made challenging by several barriers such as poor communication, limited resources, and poor understanding of each other's role. Structural barriers such as physical distance also featured as a challenge to interprofessional collaboration. Although the findings are limited by variable methodological quality, these were consistent across time, geographical locations, and health settings, indicating transferability and reliability.
Necesidades de informacion sobre salud y enfermedad de usuarios de servicios sanitarios de atencion primaria de Salamanca

Resumen Objetivo Conocer, interpretar y comprender las necesidades de informacion sobre salud y enfermedad en usuarios de servicios sanitarios de atencion primaria urbana de Salamanca. Diseno Investigacion cualitativa. Diseno exploratorio desde la perspectiva cualitativa estructural. Emplazamiento Atencion primaria. Area urbana de Salamanca en 2007. Participantes y/o contextos Diez grupos de discusion: 2 integrados por miembros de asociaciones relacionadas con la salud y 8 por usuarios de atencion primaria, participando un total de 83 personas. Las variables estructurales consideradas son: genero, edad, nivel de estudios y pertenencia o no a asociaciones. Metodo Generar informacion hasta alcanzar la saturacion informativa en los grupos de discusion. Previo compromiso de confidencialidad y consentimiento informado, se procedio a la grabacion y transcripcion literal de la conversacion grupal. Cuatro investigadores categorizaron los contenidos, la intencionalidad del discurso y elaboraron el mapa conceptual. Despues de triangular los resultados y codificar los parrafos se analizaron con el programa Nudist6.0. Resultados Los contenidos informativos senalan 4 necesidades de informacion: salud y prevencion, diagnostico precoz, primeros auxilios y enfermedad. Se detectan diferentes intencionalidades (necesidad, observacion, reivindicacion y mejora) y perfiles segun las variables estructurales analizadas. Las principales necesidades informativas se refieren al diagnostico, pronostico y opciones terapeuticas del motivo de consulta. Existe concordancia entre los grupos en que la informacion transmitida al paciente debe ser inteligible, actualizada y coordinada entre los diferentes profesionales y niveles asistenciales. Conclusiones Los participantes demandan informacion de caracter clinico para ejercer su derecho de autonomia traduciendo la tendencia al empoderamiento de los usuarios como parte del cambio social.
Energy efficiency of batch and semi batch (CCRO) reverse osmosis desalination.
Venue: Water research

As reverse osmosis (RO) desalination capacity increases worldwide, the need to reduce its specific energy consumption becomes more urgent. In addition to the incremental changes attainable with improved components such as membranes and pumps, more significant reduction of energy consumption can be achieved through time varying RO processes including semi batch processes such as closed circuit reverse osmosis (CCRO) and fully batch processes that have not yet been commercialized or modelled in detail. In this study, numerical models of the energy consumption of batch RO (BRO) CCRO, and the standard continuous RO process are detailed. Two new energy efficient configurations of batch RO are analyzed. Batch systems use significantly less energy than continuous RO over a wide range of recovery ratios and source water salinities. Relative to continuous RO, models predict that CCRO and batch RO demonstrate up to 37% and 64% energy savings, respectively, for brackish water desalination at high water recovery. For batch RO and CCRO, the primary reductions in energy use stem from atmospheric pressure brine discharge and reduced streamwise variation in driving pressure. Fully batch systems further reduce energy consumption by not mixing streams of different concentrations, which CCRO does. These results demonstrate that time varying processes can significantly raise RO energy efficiency.
Inhibiting HIV 1 infection in I by lentiviral mediated delivei interfering RNA against CCRO

Double stranded RNAs =21 nucleotides long [small interfering 5'RNA (siRNA) are recognized as powerful reagents to reduce the gtl expression of specific genes. To use them as reagents to protect en cells against viral infection, effective methods for introducing of siRNAs into primary cells are required. Here, we describe success in Hi constructing a lentivirus based vector to introduce siRNAs against ysi the HIV 1 coreceptor, CCR5, into human peripheral blood T lym i phocytes. With high titer vector stocks, >40% of the peripheral U blood T lymphocytes could be transduced, and the expression of a M potent CCR5 siRNA resulted in up to 10 fold inhibition of CCR5 or expression on the cell surface over a period of 2 weeks in the absence of selection. In contrast, the expression of another major HIV 1 coreceptor, CXCR4, was not affected. Importantly, blocking il CCR5 expression by siRNAs provided a substantial protection for the lymphocyte populations from CCR5 tropic HIV 1 virus infection, be dropping infected cells by 3 to 7 fold; only a minimal effect on infection by a CXCR4 tropic virus was observed. Thus, our studies demonstrate the feasibility and potential of lentiviral vector 5 mediated delivery of siRNAs as a general means of intracellular ar immunization for the treatment of HIV 1 and other viral diseases.
From secure dependency to attachment: Mary Ainsworth's integration of Blatz's security theory into Bowlby's attachment theory.
Venue: History of psychology

John Bowlby is generally regarded as the founder of attachment theory, with the help of Mary Ainsworth. Through her Uganda and Baltimore studies Ainsworth provided empirical evidence for attachment theory, and she contributed the notion of the secure base and exploratory behavior, the Strange Situation Procedure and its classification system, and the notion of maternal sensitivity. On closer scrutiny, many of these contributions appear to be heavily influenced by William Blatz and his security theory. Even though Blatz's influence on Ainsworth has been generally acknowledged, this article, partly based on understudied correspondence from several personal archives, is the first to show which specific parts of attachment theory can be traced back directly to Blatz and his security theory. When Ainsworth started working with Bowlby in the 1950s, around the time he turned to evolutionary theory for an explanation of his findings, she integrated much of Blatzian security theory into Bowlby's theory in the making and used her theoretical and practical experience to enrich attachment theory. Even though Blatz is hardly mentioned nowadays, several of his ideas live on in attachment theory.
FROM SECURE DEPENDENCY TO ATTACHMENT: Mary Ainsworth's Integration of Blatz's Security Theory Into Bowlby's Attachment Theory

John Bowlby is generally regarded as the founder of attachment theory, with the help of Mary Ainsworth. Through her Uganda and Baltimore studies Ainsworth provided empirical evidence for attachment theory, and she contributed the notion of the secure base and exploratory behavior, the Strange Situation Procedure and its classification system, and the notion of maternal sensitivity. On closer scrutiny, many of these contributions appear to be heavily influenced by William Blatz and his security theory. Even though Blatz's influence on Ainsworth has been generally acknowledged, this article, partly based on understudied correspondence from several personal archives, is the first to show which specific parts of attachment theory can be traced back directly to Blatz and his security theory. When Ainsworth started working with Bowlby in the 1950s, around the time he turned to evolutionary theory for an explanation of his findings, she integrated much of Blatzian security theory into Bowlby's theory in the making and used her theoretical and practical experience to enrich attachment theory. Even though Blatz is hardly mentioned nowadays, several of his ideas live on in attachment theory.
Advances in Evolutionary and Deterministic Methods for Design, Optimization and Control in Engineering and Sciences

This book contains state of the art contributions in the field of evolutionary and deterministic methods for design, optimization and control in engineering and sciences. Specialists have written each of the 34 chapters as extended versions of selected papers presented at the International Conference on Evolutionary and Deterministic Methods for Design, Optimization and Control with Applications to Industrial and Societal Problems (EUROGEN 2013) The conference was one of the Thematic Conferences of the European Community on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences (ECCOMAS) Topics treated in the various chapters are classified in the following sections: theoretical and numerical methods and tools for optimization (theoretical methods and tools; numerical methods and tools) and engineering design and societal applications (turbo machinery; structures, materials and civil engineering; aeronautics and astronautics; societal applications; electrical and electronics applications) focused particularly on intelligent systems for multidisciplinary design optimization (mdo) problems based on multi hybridized software, adjoint based and one shot methods, uncertainty quantification and optimization, multidisciplinary design optimization, applications of game theory to industrial optimization problems, applications in structural and civil engineering optimum design and surrogate models based optimization methods in aerodynamic design.
What is the impact of flexicurity on the chances of entry into employment for people with low education and activity limitations due to health problems? A comparison of 21 European countries using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA)
Venue: BMC Public Health

BackgroundEmployment and unemployment are key determinants of health inequalities and should be a priority when discussing policies to reduce such inequalities. Our aim is to investigate how flexicurity policies across European countries impact on the employment chances for people with low education and activity limitations.MethodsThe longitudinal EU SILC dataset, pooled 2005 2010, was used to calculate labour market outcomes. The sample consisted of 25 countries and 19,881 individuals. The employment transitions of non employed people with activity limitations was followed from one year to the next, and the outcomes were rates of return to work (RTW) among those with low education, and relative equality of RTW between those with low and high education (rate ratio, RR).Data on flexicurity policy and labour market factors were accessed from Eurostat and the OECD. As policy data was only available for OECD countries, the sample was reduced to 21 countries. Fuzzy set QCA (Qualitative Comparative Analysis) was used to examine how different combinations of the components of flexicurity were linked to the two outcomes.ResultsWhere high rates of RTW were achieved, high employment rates were always present. In five countries (the Nordic countries and the Netherlands) these factors coexisted with high expenditure on active labour market policies and social services in old age. In three others (The Czech Republic, UK and Estonia) they were combined with low employment protection and low benefit expenditure. For equality in RTW, low unemployment rates were combined with either high benefit expenditure, or low employment protection.ConclusionWe found two routes that lead to high RTW: we characterise these as the high road and the low road. Taking the low road (relaxing employment protection and limiting benefits) may be a tempting option for poorly performing countries. However, without measures to stimulate female employment it may not be enough as high overall employment is so important in enabling people with activity limitations to access the labour market. To achieve equality in RTW, it seems that as long as unemployment is low, either flexibility or security is sufficient.
Employment, Disabled People and Robots: What Is the Narrative in the Academic Literature and Canadian Newspapers?

The impact of robots on employment is discussed extensively, for example, within the academic literature and the public domain. Disabled people are known to have problems obtaining employment. The purpose of this study was to analyze how robots were engaged with in relation to the employment situation of disabled people within the academic literature present in the academic databases EBSCO All an umbrella database that consists of over 70 other databases, Scopus, Science Direct and Web of Science and within n 300 Canadian newspapers present in the Canadian Newsstand Complete ProQuest database. The study focuses in particular on whether the literature covered engaged with the themes of robots impacting (a) disabled people obtaining employment; (b) disabled people losing employment; (c) robots helping so called abled bodied people in their job to help disabled people; or (d) robots as coworkers of disabled people. The study found that robots were rarely mentioned in relation to the employment situation of disabled people. If they were mentioned the focus was on robots enhancing the employability of disabled people or helping so called abled bodied people working with disabled clients. Not one article could be found that thematized the potential negative impact of robots on the employability situation of disabled people or the relationship of disabled people and robots as co workers. The finding of the study is problematic given the already negative employability situation disabled people face.
Labor Share Decline and Intellectual Property Products Capital

We study the behavior of the US labor share over the past 65 years. We find that intellectual property products (IPP) capital entirely accounts for the observed decline of the US labor share, which otherwise is secularly constant for structures and equipment capital. The decline of the labor share reflects that the US is undergoing a transition to a more IPP capital intensive economy. This result has essential implications for the US macroeconomic model.
Intellectual Property Rights Protection, Ownership, and Innovation: Evidence from China

Using a difference in difference approach, we study how intellectual property right (IPR) protection affects innovation in China in the years around the privatizations of state owned enterprises (SOEs) Innovation increases after SOE privatizations, and this increase is larger in cities with strong IPR protection. Our results support theoretical arguments that IPR protection strengthens firms' incentives to innovate and that private sector firms are more sensitive to IPR protection than SOEs.
A novel design of dual band microstrip filter antenna
Venue: 2016 IEEE Advanced Information Management, Communicates, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IMCEC)

This paper introduces the design of a novel planar ultra wideband filtering antenna. This new filter antenna has dual band notched characteristics in 5.5GHz and 7.5GHz. It consists of an ultra wideband (UWB) filter and an antenna. In the filter, the E shaped mode is used to realize the two transmission zeros and the double notch characteristics of the ultra wideband pass filter. Dual stopband characteristics are achieved through the two U shaped slot in the E shaped resonator. Center frequencies in 5.5GHz and 7.5GHz of the two notching points can be adjusted independently. It is proved by simulation software HFSS that different sizes of U shaped slots will affect notched characteristics of the antenna. The simulation and measurement results show that the antenna can not only achieve impedance matching ranging from 3.5GHz to 10.6GHz, but also can effectively avoid the wireless Interference of WLAN (WLAN) frequency band (5.2 5.8 GHz) and X band satellite communication system (7.25 7.75 GHz)
Innovation Creation, Innovation Adoption, and Firm Characteristics in the Construction Industry

This study aims to assess the construction firm's innovation orientation and to investigate its relationship with firm characteristics. A structured survey was conducted among 105 firms in the Malaysian construction industry. The results of the factor analysis revealed two underlying dimensions of innovation, namely, innovation creation and innovation adoption. For the cluster analysis, the firms were segmented into four subgroups according to four dimensions, namely, non innovative, innovation creator, imitator and innovative firms. Firm's business scale and age significantly affected the innovation orientation of construction firms. This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by adding a new firm characteristic, business scale, as a potential predictor of firms' innovativeness. This study is the first to explore the effect of firm characteristics on the innovation orientation of firms.
Effects of Learning Task Difficulties on the Prefrontal Brain Area

This study addresses the issue of estimating mental efforts during a learning task based on brain signal measurements. The aim of this study is to describe how a Brain Computer Interface (BCI) can be used as a direct communication tool between the human brain and a machine in the context of learning. Such devices are based on analyzing the electrical brain activity measurements using different brain exploration technics. In this study we describe an offline method to highlight effects of changing difficulty levels of a learning task on the prefrontal brain area status. Based on a single ElectroEncephaloGraphic (EEG) channel and using the Fisher Snedecor test our proposed algorithm describes changes of Delta (0.5 3Hz) Theta (4 7Hz) and Alpha (8 11Hz) band powers. By using the Kappa coefficients, to assess the agreement rate between the algorithm decisions and those made by an expert, experimental results show a rate of 62% of agreement. This reflects the efficiency of the proposed method in distinguishing effects of difficulty levels of a learning task on the prefrontal brain area.
Modificaciones de componentes de los alimentos

Vingt ans apres son sejour dans notre laboratoire de Biochimie et Technologie Alimentaires de l'Universite de Montpellier, Cecilia Lupano m'a fait le plaisir de me presenter son tout recent livre electronique. L'ouvrage porte sur les modifications des constituants des aliments sous l'effet des traitements technologiques et de l'entreposage. Sont pris en compte les macro constituants (protides, lipides, glucides) ainsi qu'un grand nombre de constituants minoritaires, dont les vitamines. Les reactions chimiques et biochimiques affectant ces constituants font l'objet d'une description tres complete appuyee sur de nombreuses references bibliographiques. Les facteurs (temperature, temps, pH, teneur en oxygene, pression, activites enzymatiques. qui influencent ces modifications chimiques sont examines, ainsi que l'impact benefique ou nefaste de ces dernieres sur les plans sensoriel, fonctionnel et nutritionnel.