nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of Using Social Media as an ELT Tool among EFL Teachers in the Saudi Context

Social media technologies have undeniably become an integral part of people's lives and they have been widely used amongst new generations, particularly, university students. This spread of social media technologies has certainly made a huge impact on the way people learn and interact with each other, resulting in the emergence of communities of learning that are supported by collective intelligence. This study is based on quantitative methods, using a survey instrument to gather descriptive data regarding the perceptions of seventy five (n=75) randomly chosen male and female English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers, at two Saudi tertiary institutions. The study utilized 14 Likert scale statements, where each statement had five Likert type items for the participants to choose from. Analysis of the data gathered indicated, that the majority of the participants believe strongly in the pedagogical values and benefits of using social media as an ELT tool in EFL classes, in the Saudi context. Nevertheless, the majority expressed reservations with regard to the extent to which social media can be freely utilized in the EFL classroom. They perceive it as having a double edged sword effect, and that is mainly due to some undesired distractions that some students may resort to, which may occasionally result in the opposite of the intended effect of their usage. The study recommends more research studies in this area, so as to closely understand how experienced EFL teachers utilize social media in their classes, in order to develop the best practices for implementing social media in EFL teaching and learning within the Saudi context.
ELT Linear Algebra

Exploded layered tropical (ELT) algebra is an extension of tropical algebra with a structure of layers. These layers allow us to use classical algebraic results in order to easily prove analogous tropical results. Specifically we study the connection between the ELT determinant and linear dependency, and use a generalized version of Kapranov Theorem proved in  (called the Fundamental Theorem) In this paper we prove that an ELT matrix is singular if and only if its rows are linearly dependent and that the row rank and submatrix rank of an ELT matrix are equal. We also define an ELT rank for a tropical matrix, and prove that it is equal to its Kapranov rank. In addition, we formalize the concept of ELT inner products, and prove ELT versions of some known theorems such as Cauchy Schwarz inequality.
Counter Productive Counter Terrorism. How is the dysfunctional discourse of Prevent failing to restrain radicalisation?

This paper explores why the Prevent strand of the UK Government's counter terrorism strategy, CONTEST, is failing to achieve success in reducing radicalisation of young Muslims. By refusing to engage with extremists, and denying 'extreme' ideas a platform for expression, this paper will explain how the importance of cultural linguistic epistemologies, and their role in extremism, has been overlooked. Rather than striving to understand how socio political factors influence one's reading of religious doctrines or interpretation of ideology, Prevent understands ideology to be the core radicalising agent, used by influential figures who can exploit the grievances of the vulnerable. The problematic repercussions of this will be addressed throughout, highlighting the various, and extensive, criticisms that Prevent has faced from academics, practitioners and commentators primarily that it is counter productive. The importance of the post 9/11 neoconservative paradigm in underpinning Prevent will be explained, but a Neo Weberian approach, as a better lens through which to understand radicalisation, will be proposed, to ultimately trump the simplistic, yet currently dominant, 'Conveyor Belt' theory. Based on this, recommendations are made for an improved Prevent, rooted in the notion that radicalisation, extremism, or terrorism cannot be prevented, without knowing the motives, the views, and the assumptions of the radicals, the extremists, and those vulnerable to engaging with them.
'Radicalisation' The Transformation of Modern Understanding of Terrorist Origins, Psychology and Motivation.

Our understanding of how people become involved in terrorism and violent extremism has transformed since the turn of the century. That transformation occurred at the same time that 'radicalisation' took over as the dominant framework for considering questions around terrorist psychology, motivation and recruitment. Today, radicalisation is typically seen to refer to a complex and dynamic process which results in individuals coming to embrace a violent ideology in support of a political or religious cause. The concept of radicalisation has become an almost universal element in contemporary efforts to understand and combat terrorism. This chapter outlines the rise and development of theoretical models and research on radicalisation. It highlights some of the major research breakthroughs but also focuses on where very significant gaps remain in our understanding. The chapter cautions that we need to be careful in terms of how we think about the broader role of radicalisation. A subtle and dangerously unquestioned assumption has spread that 'radicalisation' as a phenomenon is the major root cause of terrorism. When different radicalisation models are used to design or justify a variety of counter terrorism policies and programmes, care is needed to look beyond the headline banner of radicalisation and pay attention to the factors identified within those models as key drivers.
The Dynamics of Youth Radicalisation in Africa Reviewing the Current Evidence

Youth radicalisation towards violent extremism is a global phenomenon that threatens peace, security and stability. This paper reviews the evidence on the factors that may contribute to the dynamics of youth radicalisation. Available findings from East Africa and the Horn of Africa, West Africa and the Sahel, and North Africa are used to understand the dynamics that may contribute to radicalisation and, potentially, to violent extremism. Many factors emerge including political, economic, social and individual factors. Religion, identity and gender also arise as topics for further analysis. Youth radicalisation is a complex phenomenon that cannot be attributed to any one explanation or set of factors. This paper recognises these complexities, offers recommendations and identifies additional issues that should be explored further.
A Dietary Fiber Deprived Gut Microbiota Degrades the Colonic Mucus Barrier and Enhances Pathogen Susceptibility
Venue: Cell

Despite the accepted health benefits of consuming dietary fiber, little is known about the mechanisms by which fiber deprivation impacts the gut microbiota and alters disease risk. Using a gnotobiotic mouse model, in which animals were colonized with a synthetic human gut microbiota composed of fully sequenced commensal bacteria, we elucidated the functional interactions between dietary fiber, the gut microbiota, and the colonic mucus barrier, which serves as a primary defense against enteric pathogens. We show that during chronic or intermittent dietary fiber deficiency, the gut microbiota resorts to host secreted mucus glycoproteins as a nutrient source, leading to erosion of the colonic mucus barrier. Dietary fiber deprivation, together with a fiber deprived, mucus eroding microbiota, promotes greater epithelial access and lethal colitis by the mucosal pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium. Our work reveals intricate pathways linking diet, the gut microbiome, and intestinal barrier dysfunction, which could be exploited to improve health using dietary therapeutics.
Building a Bidirectional English Vietnamese Statistical Machine Translation System by Using MOSES

In this paper, we describe an attempt at constructing a bidirectional English Vietnamese statistical machine translation system using MOSES, an open source toolkit for statistical machine translation. The quality of a statistical machine translation system depends on the bilingual sentence alignment data called parallel corpus. However, Vietnamese is an under resourced language that is largely left out of initial corpus building efforts. Therefore, we concentrate on building Vietnamese corpora which consist over 880,000 English Vietnamese sentence pairs and over 11,000,000 Vietnamese monolingual sentences to train the statistical translation model and the language model respectively. According to the obtained BLEU scores, the proposed system outperforms the Google translator and the Microsoft Bing translator in both English to Vietnamese and Vietnamese to English translating.
HogWild+ A New Mechanism for Decentralized Asynchronous Stochastic Gradient Descent
Venue: 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM)

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a popular technique for solving large scale machine learning problems. In order to parallelize SGD on multi core machines, asynchronous SGD (Hogwild! has been proposed, where each core updates a global model vector stored in a shared memory simultaneously, without using explicit locks. We show that the scalability of Hogwild! on modern multi socket CPUs is severely limited, especially on NUMA (Non Uniform Memory Access) system, due to the excessive cache invalidation requests and false sharing. In this paper we propose a novel decentralized asynchronous SGD algorithm called HogWild+ that overcomes these drawbacks and shows almost linear speedup on multi socket NUMA systems. The main idea in HogWild+ is to replace the global model vector with a set of local model vectors that are shared by a cluster (a set of cores) keep them synchronized through a decentralized token based protocol that minimizes remote memory access conflicts and ensures convergence. We present the design and experimental evaluation of HogWild+ on a variety of datasets and show that it outperforms state of the art parallel SGD implementations in terms of efficiency and scalability.
Soil quality assessment based on carbon stratification index in different olive grove management practices in Mediterranean areas

In Mediterranean areas, conventional tillage increases soil organic matter losses, reduces soil quality, and contributes to climate change due to increased CO2 emissions. CO2 sequestration rates in soil may be enhanced by appropriate agricultural soil management and increasing soil organic matter content. This study analyzes the stratification ratio (SR) index of soil organic carbon (SOC) nitrogen (N) and C:N ratio under different management practices in an olive grove (OG) in Mediterranean areas (Andalusia, southern Spain) Management practices considered in this study are conventional tillage (CT) and no tillage (NT) In the first case, CT treatments included addition of alperujo (A) and olive leaves (L) A control plot with no addition of olive mill waste was considered (CP) In the second case, NT treatments included addition of chipped pruned branches (NT1) and chipped pruned branches and weeds (NT2) The SRs of SOC increased with depth for all treatments. The SR of SOC was always higher in NT compared to CT treatments, with the highest SR of SOC observed under NT2. The SR of N increased with depth in all cases, ranging between 0.89 (L SR1) and 39.11 (L SR3 and L SR4).The SR of C:N ratio was characterized by low values, ranging from 0.08 (L SR3) to 1.58 (NT1 SR2) and generally showing higher values in SR1 and SR2 compared to those obtained in SR3 and SR4. This study has evaluated several limitations to the SR index such as the fact that it is descriptive but does not analyze the behavior of the variable over time. In addition, basing the assessment of soil quality on a single variable could lead to an oversimplification of the assessment. Some of these limitations were experienced in the assessment of L, where SR1 of SOC was the lowest of the studied soils. In this case, the higher content in the second depth interval compared to the first was caused by the intrinsic characteristics of this soil's formation process rather than by degradation. Despite the limitations obtained SRs demonstrate that NT with the addition of organic material improves soil quality.
Influence research of multi dimensional tech innovation behavior on tech innovation performance

The purpose of this study is to investigate the research on the influence of tech innovation behavior on tech innovation performance for Chinese manufacturing enterprises. Environmental performance has been taken into consideration with the green manufacturing and sustainability philosophy being a hotspot.  To verify the hypotheses and assumptions, a questionnaire was designed and a semi structured interview was conducted for data collection. In addition, structural equation modeling (SEM) is applied to verify the influence model through assessing the fitting indexes based on the 317 questionnaire responses in the form of Likert type scale.  Tech innovation behavior and activity from direction, mode and investment behavior dimensions show their different positive influences on tech innovation performance. This paper has creatively taken environmental tech innovation performance into consideration, as well as economic performance. This investigation has provided the interpretation for each individual enterprise from three dimensions when conducting tech innovation activity.  Tech innovation behavior, which has been a subject of extended discussion during recent decades, is the effective activity or action for tech innovation. However, there have not been any studies on the environmental performance influence study, as well as the economic performance from these three dimensions and framework.  As this paper discusses the tech innovation performance influence study from three dimensions, individual enterprises can choose the corresponding action for the proper tech innovation path, especially for small and medium sized enterprises.  This study helps managers recognize tech innovation activities for better tech innovation performance based on the empirical study.
Big Bucket Records Retention Theory as a Framework for Understanding Record Retention in Non profit Organization

This paper discusses Big Bucket of Records Retention as a framework for understanding Records Retention. The paper defined Records Retention as the act of keeping Records for permanent use. It discusses Big Bucket Records Retention Theory as a framework explaining large amount of Records are grouped in to series for permanent Retention. It also mentioned principles of Big Bucket Theory as principle of Records Identification, principle of Records Organization, principle of leg adherence and principle of Records period assigning. The paper describes Big Bucket Records Retention Theory's principles are applied in retaining Organizational Records. The paper summarized some of the previous studies conducted using Big Bucket Records Retention theory.
Sovereignty of the Apps: There's more to Relevance than Downloads
Venue: ArXiv

The value of mobile apps is traditionally measured by metrics such as the number of downloads, installations, or user ratings. A problem with these measures is that they reflect actual usage at most indirectly. Indeed, analytic companies have suggested that retention rates, i.e. the number of days users continue to interact with an installed app are low. We conduct the first independent and large scale study of retention rates and usage behavior trends in the wild. We study their impact on a large scale database of app usage data from a community of 339,842 users and more than 213,667 apps. Our analysis shows that, on average, applications lose 70% of their users in the first week, while very popular applications (top 100) lose only 45% It also reveals, however, that many applications have more complex usage behavior patterns due to seasonality, marketing, or other factors. To capture such effects, we develop a novel app usage behavior trend measure which provides instantaneous information about the "hotness" of an application. We identify typical trends in app popularity and classify applications into archetypes. From these, we can distinguish, for instance, trendsetters from copycat apps. In our results, roughly 40% of all apps never gain more than a handful of users. Less than 0.4% of the remaining 60% are constantly popular, 1% flop after an initial steep rise, and 7% continuously rise in popularity. We conclude by demonstrating that usage behavior trend information can be used to develop better mobile app recommendations. With the proposed usage based measures (retention and trend) we are able to shift sovereignty in app recommendations back to where it really matters: actual usage statistics, in contrast to download count and user ratings which are prone to manipulation by people.
Thin Hydrogen Selective SAPO 34 Zeolite Membranes for Enhanced Conversion and Selectivity in Propane Dehydrogenation Membrane Reactors

We demonstrate significantly enhanced conversion and selectivity in high temperature propane dehydrogenation (PDH) membrane reactors via the synthesis and use of small pore SAPO 34 zeolite membranes. The reduction of SAPO 34 membrane thickness to ~1 mm levels while maintaining good H2 selectivity is challenging. Initial reductions in membrane thickness were achieved using a single structure directing agent (SDA) and concentrated precursor solution, leading to a large permeance increase and good H2/hydrocarbon selectivity. We further show that thinner ~1 mm) SAPO 34 membranes can be fabricated on a large area ~18 cm2) tubular ceramic supports by the use of both base and salt forms of the SDA to independently control the SDA concentration and pH. EDX analysis and elemental mapping confirmed the formation of micrometer thin ~1 mm) SAPO 34 zeolite membrane layers on a alumina tubular supports. Micrometer thin SAPO 34 membranes reach propylene selectivities greater than 80% as well as high propane conversio.
Worldwide Pose Estimation Using 3D Point Clouds
Venue: Large Scale Visual Geo Localization

We address the problem of determining where a photo was taken by estimating a full 6 DOF plus intrincs camera pose with respect to a large georegistered 3D point cloud, bringing together research on image localization, landmark recognition, and 3D pose estimation. Our method scales to datasets with hundreds of thousands of images and tens of millions of 3D points through the use of two new techniques: a co occurrence prior for RANSAC and bidirectional matching of image features with 3D points. We evaluate our method on several large data sets, and show state of the art results on landmark recognition as well as the ability to locate cameras to within meters, requiring only seconds per query.
Les emotions en entretien de conseil dans un dispositif d'apprentissage de langue auto dirige une analyse des interactions entre apprenant et conseillere

Des recherches en psychologie fonctionnaliste et en psychologie sociale ont etabli de maniere robuste l'existence de liens entre les emotions et la cognition, entre les emotions et l'apprentissage de langues et entre les emotions et les performances en langues etrangeres. Cette these, inscrite dans le champ des sciences du langage et de la didactique des langues, a pour objectif de decrire et d'analyser les manifestations verbales des emotions dans des entretiens de conseil a partir d'un corpus constitue d'authentiques sequences de travail enregistrees et transcrites. L'analyse porte sur les episodes emotionnels et sur les enonces d'emotions dans le contexte de l'entretien de conseil. La methodologie utilisee pour reperer les episodes emotionnels comporte deux etapes une premiere etape ou des signaux linguistiques consideres comme signalant potentiellement une emotion sont reperes, et par accumulation, indiquent des sequences particulieres dans les entretiens de conseil, et une seconde etape ou les sequences ainsi isolees sont etudiees qualitativement afin de mettre en evidence la presence ou l'absence d'emotion. Sur le plan des episodes emotionnels, nos analyses mettent en evidence une gamme d'emotions plus large chez les apprenants, et une tendance chez les conseilleres a utiliser leurs propres emotions afin d'effectuer du travail emotionnel aupres de l'apprenant. Sur le plan discursif, l'observation des enonces d'emotions permet tout d'abord de mettre en evidence la place centrale de l'apprenant une large majorite des enonces d'emotions designent en effet l'apprenant comme personne concernee par l'emotion. Par ailleurs, des postures differentes ont pu etre identifiees chez les conseilleres et chez les apprenants quant a l'utilisation des termes d'emotion. L'apprenant utilise principalement les enonces d'emotion afin de s'auto attribuer des emotions tandis que les conseilleres utilisent les enonces d'emotion afin de projeter des emotions chez les apprenants. Les observations effectuees permettent egalement de mettre en evidence un lien entre les emotions evoquees dans les entretiens de conseil et le deroulement de la formation. De maniere generale, les emotions (episodes emotionnels et enonces d'emotion) apparaissent comme des indicateurs precis du deroulement de la formation.
A Current Study on the Limitations of Agile Methods in Industry Using Secure Google Forms

The Agile methods favours more communication, continuous integration, rapid delivery of software modules, iterative and incremental approach, but at the same time Agile software development has limitations like lack of upfront planning, lack of sufficient documentation, lack of predictability, etc. Sometimes these limitations and so many methods make Agile software development more stressful. This work is about finding the current limitations and advantages of Agile software development. For finding the actual limitations beyond the literature, an online survey was conducted with the specified sample size of Agile experienced professionals, then the ANOVA test is applied to satisfy the hypothesis.
Identification of Vitis vinifera L. grape berry skin color mutants and polyphenolic profile.
Venue: Food chemistry

A germplasm set of twenty five grapevine accessions, forming eleven groups of possible berry skin color mutants, were genotyped with twelve microsatellite loci, being eleven of them identified as true color mutants. The polyphenolic profiling of the confirmed mutant cultivars revealed a total of twenty four polyphenols, comprising non colored compounds (phenolic acids, flavan 3 ols, flavonols and a stilbene) and anthocyanins. Results showed differences in the contribution of malvidin 3 O glucoside to the characteristic Pinot Noir anthocyanins profile. Regarding the two Pique Poul colored variants, the lighter variant was richer than the darker one in all classes of compounds, excepting anthocyanins. In Moscatel Galego Roxo the F3'H pathway seems to be more active than F3'5'H, resulting in higher amounts of cyanidin, precursor of the cyanidin derivatives. As far as we are aware, this is the first time that a relationship between the content of polyphenolic compounds is established in groups of grape berry skin color mutant cultivars.
Remittances, Household Investment and Poverty in Indonesia

This paper analyzes the impact of international remittances on household investment and poverty using panel data (2000 and 2007) from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) Using a three stage conditional logit model with instrumental variables to control for selection and endogeneity, it finds that households receiving remittances in 2007 spend more at the margin on one key consumption good (food) and more at the margin on one important investment good (education) compared to what they would have spent on these goods without the receipt of remittances. Using a bivariate probit model with random effects to control for selection and simultaneity, the paper also finds that households receiving remittances are less likely to be poor compared to a situation in which they did not receive remittances. These findings are important because they show that households can use remittances to help build human capital and to reduce poverty in remittance receiving countries.