nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Platform control during battles for market dominance: The case of Apple versus IBM in the early personal computer industry

We conduct a case study of the battle for market dominance between the industry platforms led by Apple and by IBM in the early personal computer industry (1977aEUR"1986) Platform leaders such as Apple or IBM need to consider many technological, strategic, and network factors in managing their industry platforms. We explore how platform leaders deploy these factors and their interactions during a battle for market dominance. We find that platform leaders choose various control modes to do so, ranging from central control to distributed control. The adoption of these control modes is dependent on the choice of being first entrant with a technological discontinuity (central control) or follower (distributed control) Within a control mode, technological, strategic, and network factors are managed in a coherent way.
Transplantation of a human iPSC derived hepatocyte sheet increases survival in mice with acute liver failure.
Venue: Journal of hepatology

Hepatocyte transplantation is one of the most attractive approaches for the treatment of patients with liver failure. Because human induced pluripotent stem cell derived hepatocyte like cells (iPS HLCs) can be produced on a large scale and generated from a patient with liver failure, they are expected to be used for hepatocyte transplantation. However, when using conventional transplantation methods, i.e. intrasplenic or portal venous infusion, it is difficult to control the engraftment efficiency and avoid unexpected engraftment in other organs because the transplanted cells are delivered into blood circulation before their liver engraftment.  In this study, to resolve these issues, we attempted to employ a cell sheet engineering technology for experimental hepatocyte transplantation. The human iPS HLC sheets were attached onto the liver surfaces of mice with liver injury.  This method reduced unexpected engraftment in organs other than the liver compared to that by intrasplenic transplantation. Human albumin levels in the mice with human iPS HLC sheets were significantly higher than those in the intrasplenically transplanted mice, suggesting the high potential for cell engraftment of the sheet transplantation procedure. In addition, human iPS HLC sheet transplantation successfully ameliorated lethal acute liver injury induced by the infusion of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) Moreover, we found that the hepatocyte growth factor secreted from the human iPS HLC sheet played an important role in rescuing of mice from acute hepatic failure.  Human iPS HLC sheet transplantation would be a useful and reliable therapeutic approach for a patient with severe liver diseases.
Speed control for direct current motor using optimization tuning for PID controller
Venue: 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC)

This paper proposes speed to control a the direct current motor (DC motor) containing a PWM signal as input. Through tuning and motor data, a real system can be modeled. Tests are performed in real system to develop a simulation environment. Thus, it is possible to perform PID control by adjusting the gains by the classical Ziegler Nichols method and then, to compare the results using deterministic optimization method.
Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Issue of Human Rights Obligations Relating to the Enjoyment of a Safe, Clean, Healthy and Sustainable Environment: Climate Change Report

This report describes the increasing attention paid to the relationship between climate change and human rights in recent years, reviews the effects of climate change on the full enjoyment of human rights and outlines the application of human rights obligations to climate related actions. The report assesses the Paris Agreement in light of the procedural and substantive human rights obligations of States relating to climate change and concludes that in order to ensure that global temperatures do not rise to levels that would impair a vast range of human rights, States should fully implement all of their commitments in connection with the Paris Agreement and strengthen their commitments in the future. Each State must also adopt a legal and institutional framework that assists those within its jurisdiction to adapt to the unavoidable effects of climate change. In all of these actions, States must take care to protect the rights of the most vulnerable.
Identification of a nutrient sensing transcriptional network in monocytes by using inbred rat models on a cafeteria diet
Venue: Disease Models Mechanisms

Obesity has reached pandemic levels worldwide. The current models of diet induced obesity in rodents use predominantly high fat based diets that do not take into account the consumption of variety of highly palatable, energy dense foods that are prevalent in Western society. We and others have shown that the cafeteria (CAF) diet is a robust and reproducible model of human metabolic syndrome with tissue inflammation in the rat. We have previously shown that inbred rat strains such as Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and Lewis (LEW) show different susceptibilities to CAF diets with distinct metabolic and morphometric profiles. Here, we show a difference in plasma MCP 1 levels and investigate the effect of the CAF diet on peripheral blood monocyte transcriptome, as powerful stress sensing immune cells, in WKY and LEW rats. We found that 75.5% of the differentially expressed transcripts under the CAF diet were upregulated in WKY rats and were functionally related to the activation of the immune response. Using a gene co expression network constructed from the genes differentially expressed between CAF diet fed LEW and WKY rats, we identified acyl CoA synthetase short chain family member 2 (Acss2) as a hub gene for a nutrient sensing cluster of transcripts in monocytes. The Acss2 genomic region is significantly enriched for previously established metabolism quantitative trait loci in the rat. Notably, monocyte expression levels of Acss2 significantly correlated with plasma glucose, triglyceride, leptin and non esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels as well as morphometric measurements such as body weight and the total fat following feeding with the CAF diet in the rat. These results show the importance of the genetic background in nutritional genomics and identify inbred rat strains as potential models for CAF diet induced obesity.  Feeding with a cafeteria diet (CAF) is a reproducible model of human metabolic syndrome in the rat. By using inbred rat models of nutrigenomics, we have studied the effect of CAF on monocyte transcriptome.
The Influence of Branding Management on Business Performance: An Empirical Evidence from Vietnamese Food and Beverage Industry

This study examined the relationship between branding and firm's financial performance within Vietnamese small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in food and beverage industry. Analyzing data from 135 Vietnamese SMEs, the study provided an evidence for the positive relationship between branding management and business performance. The study also provided a deep insight on how Vietnamese entrepreneurs think and develop their brands; therefore, made some recommendations for businessmen, policy makers and branding service providers in Vietnam.
Consumer Perceptions of Automated Driving Technologies: An Examination of Use Cases and Branding Strategies

The automated, self driving vehicle is one of the automobile industry's major ventures in the 21st century, driven by rapid advances in information technology (Brynjolfsson and McAfee in MIT Sloan Management Review 53:53 60, 2012  Burns in  2013  Technological innovations in the field of automated driving promise to contribute positively to the financial bottom line of automobile manufacturers (Meseko in J Econ Sustain Dev 5:24 27, 2014  Their integration as supplementary equipment increases the contribution margin of each car sold. In addition, automated mobility functions lay the foundations for new business models such as elaborated navigation services.
Preaching disability: The whole of Christ's body in word and practice

Including disability in preaching and people with disabilities in the design and practice of worship can raise many questions for clergy. Disability should not be addressed with euphemisms or with some traditional theological perspectives on disability that can wound people deeply and turn them away from the church and the people of God. This article explores five areas to help clergy think about preaching disability: practices of worship, perspectives of people with different kinds of disabilities, possible biblical passages and themes, current parables and stories, and the paradoxical uses of disability as metaphor.
Decolonising Biblical hermeneutics in the (South) African context

The recognition of social location as a heuristic device in biblical hermeneutics does not necessarily equate to the production of radical and alternative knowledge. From our own social location (Africa) biblical hermeneutics has to deal with the dynamics of coloniality. Africa, especially South Africa as a social location, is still burdened by coloniality. The orientation of African biblical hermeneutics has to be decolonial if it is to overcome the persistence of coloniality by privileging African knowledge systems and African thinkers. It also has to unmask the structures of coloniality that continue to destabilise the African imagination. The emergence of African biblical hermeneutics does not imply that the colonial systems have been overcome coloniality is able to survive and thrive even under the tag "African"
The efficiency of worked examples compared to erroneous examples, tutored problem solving, and problem solving in computer based learning environments
Venue: Comput. Hum. Behav.

How much instructional assistance to provide to students as they learn, and what kind of assistance to provide, is a much debated problem in research on learning and instruction. This study presents two multi session classroom experiments in the domain of chemistry, comparing the effectiveness and efficiency of three high assistance (worked examples, tutored problems, and erroneous examples) and one low assistance (untutored problem solving) instructional approach, with error feedback consisting of either elaborate worked examples (Experiment 1) or basic correctness feedback (Experiment 2) Neither experiment showed differences in learning outcomes among conditions, but both showed clear efficiency benefits of worked example study: equal levels of test performance were achieved with significantly less investment of time and effort during learning. Interestingly for both theory and practice, the time efficiency benefit was substantial: worked example study required 46 68% less time in Experiment 1 and 48 69% in Experiment 2 than the other instructional approaches. We compared high and low assistance instructional materials, i.e. worked examples, erroneous examples, tutored problems, and problems.In two multi session classroom experiments, worked examples proved to be the most efficient.Study time reductions with worked examples were between 46 and 69% compared to the other instructional approaches.
The Effect of Project Based Learning on Learning Motivation and Problem Solving Ability of Vocational High School Students

Due to pay too much attention to pencil and paper test, lacking of learning motivation and problemsolving ability are quite popular for the vocational high school students in Taiwan. This study developed a project based curriculum for the vocational high school students majored in food and beverage, and examine the effect of the curriculum on students' learning motivation and ability of problem solving by means of quasi experimental method and qualitative analysis. The objects of this study are the students majored in food and beverage from two vocational high schools in Taiwan, divided into treatment group and control group. The treatment group students are given project based teaching method and control group students are given traditional teaching method during four week period of courses. Research questionnaires consist of learning motivation scale and problem solving ability questions and answers. The questionnaires, "Learning motivation of vocational high school students" and "Problem solving ability of vocational high school students" were conducted to both treatment and control group students. The research results showed project based learning not only could enhance vocational school students' learning motivation, but facilitate their problem solving ability. The contribution of the research is to the vocational education, especially to give the teachers a real exemplar of PBL.
The Genetic Counselor's Role in Managing Ethical Dilemmas Arising in the Laboratory Setting
Venue: Journal of Genetic Counseling

Ethical dilemmas are encountered commonly in the setting of the clinical genetic testing laboratory due to the complexity of genetic testing and the number of relevant stakeholders involved in the genetic testing process. Based on their clinical training and role within the laboratory, genetic counselors are uniquely equipped to identify and facilitate management of ethical dilemmas. This paper reviews the historical context of ethical theory and its application to the field of genetic counseling. Theoretical and applied ethics are explored in the context of dilemmas arising in the laboratory setting, with a focus on the role of the laboratory genetic counselor in managing ethical dilemmas. Two illustrative case examples are provided.
Counseling Ethics Education: Teaching and Learning Development Reformation

Counseling ethics competency is an essential part of counselor identity development, and counseling ethics education is one major component of knowledge acquisition in counseling profession training standards. The chapter disseminates comprehension on the current trend in teaching and learning counseling ethics education in more effective ways based on the literature than research conducted by the profound counseling researchers, globally. Teaching and learning counseling ethics education undertakings are more than just content acquirement from textbooks; it encompasses salient elements such as safety, connection, respect, engagement, accountability, reinforcement, application, personalization, and teamwork. The chapter stances education foundation as the avenue to gaining knowledge, skills, and basic foundation in learning counseling ethics; education integration as the catalyst to understanding course content and application using experiential activities and hands on orientation; and education application as the platform to utilizing the code of ethics across courses throughout the training program. The chapter also poses recommendations for counselor educators and counseling students toward enhanced ideas and more effective methods in teaching and learning counseling ethics education to strengthen the educational institutions in meeting the social demands and global challenges.
Ethics Consultation in Rehabilitation Counseling

The present study was designed to provide information about the content of the advisory opinions provided by the Ethics Committee of the Commission on Rehabilitation Counselor Certification. Specifically, a content analysis was performed on all of the advisory opinions rendered between March 1996 and November 2013. NVivo10 was utilized to systematically inspect the content of the opinions and describe emerging patterns. Results from the study revealed that most of the advisory opinions addressed ethical standards related to the counseling relationship, confidentiality, resolving ethical issues, and professional responsibility. Implications for future education outreach initiatives and research directions are discussed.
Efficacy, Efficiency, and Ethics in the Provision of Telepsychology Services: Emerging Applications for International Workers

Computers and the Internet ushered humanity into a new era in the late 1900s information on a variety of topics became widely available to the general public, and it became suddenly possible for individuals to communicate with one another instantaneously regardless of each person's geographical location. According to some, the evolution of technology has outpaced humanity's ability to learn how to manage technology properly, and this appears particularly true in the field of psychology. Instant messaging, social media sites, and video conferencing have all influenced the ways in which counselors and clients can interact. Questions remain, however, about the use of this technology. This paper addresses some of those questions by considering whether or not telepsychology is effective when it is used to conduct therapy and the circumstances under which a counselor might use a technological medium to provide such services. A review of some ethical considerations related to the use of technology in the service of providing therapeutic services is also included, as well as a discussion regarding the specific applicability of telepsychology services to international workers, specifically missionaries, serving abroad.
Geopolitique de la nouvelle route de la soie

Depuis l'antiquite, la route de la soie est consideree comme le reseau de communications le plus important de tout l'espace eurasiatique. Apres plusieurs siecles passes dans l'oubli, la (re)decouverte de ces traces mythiques a permis la mise en valeur culturelle et touristique de ce patrimoine immateriel. La derniere representation de la route emane de la Chine en 2014. Presentee par Pekin en mai 2014, cette nouvelle carte de la route de la soie a pour intention d'expliquer les projets, les objectifs d'influence et les alliances de la Chine a l'interieur de l'espace eurasiatique debordant jusqu'aux rives de l'Afrique orientale. En retracant la route de la soie, aujourd'hui un synonyme de geopolitique a la chinoise cet article aura comme objectif le decryptage de cette importante cartographie du pouvoir selon l'empire du Milieu.
La renaissance de la Route de la soie un mythe qui occulte les migrations internationales

La Route de la soie est desormais l'une des principales notions utilisees par les acteurs politiques et quelquefois academiques pour decrire l'insertion des pays d'Asie centrale dans la mondialisation. Cette idee developpee au XIXe siecle par le geographe allemand Ferdinand von Richtofen pour depeindre les reseaux commerciaux reliant la Chine et l'Europe aux periodes antiques et medievales est pourtant invalidee par la realite des echanges internationaux de personnes et de marchandises. Les flux qui transitent par l'Asie centrale entre l'Europe et l'Asie restent en effet modestes au regard de la circulation mondiale, en raison de la primaute de la voie maritime. Par ailleurs, cette idee occulte les migrations internationales, alors meme que la region a connu depuis une trentaine d'annees des transformations considerables de son systeme migratoire qui bouleversent les societes et les territoires de l'Asie centrale.
The Global Spatial Distribution of Economic Activity: Nature, History, and the Role of Trade

We study the distribution of economic activity, as proxied by lights at night, across 250,000 grid cells of average area 560 square kilometers. We first document that nearly half of the variation can be explained by a parsimonious set of physical geography attributes. A full set of country indicators only explains a further 10% When we divide geographic characteristics into two groups, those primarily important for agriculture and those primarily important for trade, we find that the agriculture variables have relatively more explanatory power in countries that developed early and the trade variables have relatively more in countries that developed late, despite the fact that the latter group of countries are far more dependent on agriculture today. We explain this apparent puzzle in a model in which two technological shocks occur, one increasing agricultural productivity and the other decreasing transportation costs, and in which agglomeration economies lead to persistence in urban locations. In countries that developed early, structural transformation due to rising agricultural productivity began at a time when transport costs were still relatively high, so urban agglomerations were localized in agricultural regions. When transport costs fell, these local agglomerations persisted. In late developing countries, transport costs fell well before structural transformation. To exploit urban scale economies, manufacturing agglomerated in relatively few, often coastal, locations. With structural transformation, these initial coastal locations grew, without formation of more cities in the agricultural interior.
Looking for My Rural Identity, Finding Community and Place

Previously in my academic work I have carefully considered how my identities as white, middle class, and female have impacted the ways in which I prepare teachers who come from similar backgrounds as myself. In this self study, I intended to examine to what extent my identification as "rural" might contribute to my work with those who experience inequities as a result of their being positioned as rural. The themes of community and place figure prominently in what I learned while on a yearlong sabbatical in Australia. My understanding of my rural identity has been informed by the importance of place in building community and connecting to rural contexts. The chapter concludes with how I applied my findings to my practice in the Rural Teacher Residency program in Chico, California.
Ligand Promoted, Boron Mediated Chemoselective Carboxylic Acid Aldol Reaction.
Venue: Organic letters

The first carboxylic acid selective aldol reaction mediated by boron compounds and a mild organic base (DBU) was developed. Inclusion of electron withdrawing groups in the amino acid derivative ligands reacted with BH3*SMe2 forms a boron promoter with increased Lewis acidity at the boron atom and facilitated the carboxylic acid selective enolate formation, even in the presence of other carbonyl groups such as amides, esters, ketones, or aliphatic aldehydes. The remarkable ligand effect led to the broad substrate scope including biologically relevant compounds.
A systematic study on ternary inclusion crystals consisting of dianilines and three positional isomers of ditoluoyl L tartaric acid

The structure and inclusion ability of eight types of salts prepared from a combination of four tartaric acid derivatives (dibenzoyl and three positional isomers of ditoluoyl L tartaric acid) and two V shaped dianilines were investigated. They afforded 1 1 or 2 1 stoichiometric salts and the hydrogen bonding networks changed from three dimensional to two and one dimensional networks as the distance between the methyl and carboxyl groups on the tartaric acid increased. When the methylene group of dianiline was changed to an oxygen atom, the molecular structure became thinner, forming a different hydrogen bonding network. Despite such diverse hydrogen bonding networks, all the salts incorporated water and/or 2 butanol molecules in their structure, affording ternary or quaternary inclusion crystals.