nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
An Investigative Study for Smart Home Security: Issues, Challenges and Countermeasures

Home security should be a top concern for everyone who owns or rents a home. Moreover, safe and secure residential space is the necessity of every individual as most of the family members are working. The home is left unattended for most of the day time and home invasion crimes are at its peak as constantly monitoring of the home is difficult. Another reason for the need of home safety is specifically when the elderly person is alone or the kids are with baby sitter and servant. Home security system i.e. HomeOS is thus applicable and desirable for resident's safety and convenience. This will be achieved by turning your home into a smart home by intelligent remote monitoring. Smart home comes into picture for the purpose of controlling and monitoring the home. It will give you peace of mind, as you can have a close watch and stay connected anytime, anywhere. But, is common man really concerned about home security? An investigative study was done by conducting a survey to get the inputs from different people from diverse backgrounds. The main motivation behind this survey was to make people aware of advanced HomeOS and analyze their need for security. This paper also studied the necessity of HomeOS investigative study in current situation where the home burglaries are rising at an exponential rate. In order to arrive at findings and conclusions, data were analyzed. The graphical method was employed to identify the relative significance of home security. From this analysis, we can infer that the cases of having kids and aged person at home or location of home contribute significantly to the need of advanced home security system. At the end, the proposed system model with its flow and the challenges faced while implementing home security systems are also discussed.
Securing key exchange and key agreement security schemes for RFID passive tags
Venue: 2016 24th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE)

In the last decade, various types of RFID security schemes have been proposed which have tried to provide all security and privacy requirements of end users. In this paper, we cryptanalyze two new found key exchange and key agreement security schemes which are proposed by Zhang et al. and Kim in 2012 and 2013 respectively. We present the reveal secret parameter, tag impersonation and traceability attacks on Zhang et al's protocol with success probability "1" and also we show that an attacker can impersonate the tag and the reader of Kim's protocol both with success probabilities "1/4" We also present some modifications on the structure of studied schemes and propose two modified schemes which overcome all the discovered flaws. Finally, the improved protocols are compared with some similar protocols in terms of security and privacy.
Progranulin Deficiency Promotes Circuit Specific Synaptic Pruning by Microglia via Complement Activation
Venue: Cell

Microglia maintain homeostasis in the brain, but whether aberrant microglial activation can cause neurodegeneration remains controversial. Here, we use transcriptome profiling to demonstrate that deficiency in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) gene progranulin (Grn) leads to an age dependent, progressive upregulation of lysosomal and innate immunity genes, increased complement production, and enhanced synaptic pruning in microglia. During aging, Grn( mice show profound microglia infiltration and preferential elimination of inhibitory synapses in the ventral thalamus, which lead to hyperexcitability in the thalamocortical circuits and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) like grooming behaviors. Remarkably, deleting C1qa gene significantly reduces synaptic pruning by Grn( microglia and mitigates neurodegeneration, behavioral phenotypes, and premature mortality in Grn( mice. Together, our results uncover a previously unrecognized role of progranulin in suppressing aberrant microglia activation during aging. These results represent an important conceptual advance that complement activation and microglia mediated synaptic pruning are major drivers, rather than consequences, of neurodegeneration caused by progranulin deficiency.
Addressing Missing Data in Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS) Implications for the Use of PROMS for Comparing Provider Performance
Venue: Health economics

Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) are now routinely collected in the English National Health Service and used to compare and reward hospital performance within a high powered pay for performance scheme. However, PROMs are prone to missing data. For example, hospitals often fail to administer the pre operative questionnaire at hospital admission, or patients may refuse to participate or fail to return their post operative questionnaire. A key concern with missing PROMs is that the individuals with complete information tend to be an unrepresentative sample of patients within each provider and inferences based on the complete cases will be misleading. This study proposes a strategy for addressing missing data in the English PROM survey using multiple imputation techniques and investigates its impact on assessing provider performance. We find that inferences about relative provider performance are sensitive to the assumptions made about the reasons for the missing data.
How Control System Design Affects Performance Evaluation Compression: The Role of Information Accuracy and Outcome Transparency

Prior research has shown that managers tend to compress ratings when subjectively evaluating employees and that such compression can have negative organizational consequences. We reason that organizations can use the design of their control system to influence the personal costs and benefits associated with managers' rating decisions and thus shape managers' rating behavior. Based on findings from prior literature, we focus on the effects of two control system design elements: the accuracy of the information on which managers need to base their evaluations and the transparency about performance evaluation outcomes. We hypothesize that increasing information accuracy will increase the extent to which managers differentiate between stronger and weaker employees, but only when there is transparency about evaluation outcomes. Our experimental data support this hypothesis, and we discuss the implications of our findings for management accounting theory and practice.
Helium atmospheric pressure plasma jets interacting with wet cells: delivery of electric fields

The use of atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) in plasma medicine have produced encouraging results in wound treatment, surface sterilization, deactivation of bacteria, and treatment of cancer cells. It is known that many of the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species produced by the APPJ are critical to these processes. Other key components to treatment include the ion and photon fluxes, and the electric fields produced in cells by the ionization wave of the APPJ striking in the vicinity of the cells. These relationships are often complicated by the cells being covered by a thin liquid layer wet cells. In this paper, results from a computational investigation of the interaction of APPJs with tissue beneath a liquid layer are discussed. The emphasis of this study is the delivery of electric fields by an APPJ sustained in He/O 2 99.8/0.2 flowing into humid air to cells lying beneath water with thickness of 200 mu m. The water layer represents the biological fluid typically covering tissue during treatment. Three voltages were analyzed two that produce a plasma effluent that touches the surface of the water layer and one that does not touch. The effect of the liquid layer thickness, 50 mu m to 1 mm, was also examined. Comparisons were made of the predicted intracellular electric fields to those thresholds used in the field of bioelectronics.
Absolute and convective instability of a coaxial viscous liquid jet under both axial and radial electric fields

The absolute and convective instability of a coaxial viscous liquid jet in both radial and axial electric fields is studied. The outer liquid is assumed to be conducting and to be the driving liquid. The governing equations are solved numerically as a generalized eigenvalue problem. The effects of the parameters on the instability of the axisymmetric para sinuous and first non axisymmetric modes are explored. Both the radial and axial electric fields exhibit great effect on the modes. The dominant regions of the modes are identified on distinct parameter planes. The study helps us predict the behaviors of jets in coaxial electrospraying and coaxial electrospinning.
A Parallel Hierarchical Model for Machine Comprehension on Sparse Data
Venue: ACL

Understanding unstructured text is a major goal within natural language processing. Comprehension tests pose questions based on short text passages to evaluate such understanding. In this work, we investigate machine comprehension on the challenging \it MCTest} benchmark. Partly because of its limited size, prior work on \it MCTest} has focused mainly on engineering better features. We tackle the dataset with a neural approach, harnessing simple neural networks arranged in a parallel hierarchy. The parallel hierarchy enables our model to compare the passage, question, and answer from a variety of trainable perspectives, as opposed to using a manually designed, rigid feature set. Perspectives range from the word level to sentence fragments to sequences of sentences; the networks operate only on word embedding representations of text. When trained with a methodology designed to help cope with limited training data, our Parallel Hierarchical model sets a new state of the art for \it MCTest} outperforming previous feature engineered approaches slightly and previous neural approaches by a significant margin (over 15\ absolute)
Rule Inequality Aversion Preference and Conditional Cooperation in Public Goods Experiments: Economic Experiment Evidence from China

We provide an experimental investigation of the fair rule preference and its effect on anonymous cooperation, intending to test the hypothesis that people who exhibit high degrees of rule inequality aversion consider "equality and mutual obligation under the social contract" as justified, are disgusted with free rider behavior in the public goods game and are more likely to be conditional cooperators and make conditional contributions. Based on experimental work related to rule preferences Chlass and Moffatt (Giving in dictator games: experimenter demand effect or preference over the rules of the game? (No. 2012, 044) Jena Economic Research Papers, 2012) and the public goods game Fischbacher et al.  we designed a dictator game with the option of buying a veto (when the veto was purchased, the level of rule inequality decreased, making it an ultimatum game) to measure rule preference, i.e. rule inequality aversion, and conducted a two stage public goods experiment to identify the cooperation preferences and repeated cooperation levels of participants. We investigated the relationship between rule preferences and cooperative preferences (conditional reciprocal preference) and tried to explain the adjustments people made when making repeated contributions of public goods (conditional cooperation behavior) from a rule preference perspective. The results show that: (1) Heterogeneous rule inequality aversion preferences are found in lab; (2) The stronger the rule inequality aversion preference is, the higher the probability is for the individual to become a conditional cooperator in public goods experiment; (3) Individuals who have stronger rule inequality aversion are more sensitive to the contributions that are deviated from the norm. Compared to the theory of conditional cooperation types, rule inequality aversion preference has a better explanation power when it comes to the behavior adjustment in repeated public goods contribution.
Solar energy materials for glazing technologies

Although window is the main medium for the lighting of the building, it contributes significantly in the building's energy consumption, either commercial or residential. In the general frame of a growing world population and consequently of an increasing demand for reducing energy consumption for building needs, the development of appropriate glazing materials towards the maximum reduction of energy losses or gains is a major pre requisite of modern architecture and thus of intense research in recent years. In this review, new work on insulating, reflecting, electrochromic, thermochromic, photovoltaic, water flow based and emerging innovative materials is presented in an attempt to reveal the benefits of each glazing category but also the required research needs for future development. High energy savings can be achieved by integrating innovative transparent components in the building envelope. Insulating materials have reached a very low thermal conductivity in their sensible heating and recent complex radiative cooling multi coatings have proved that temperatures even below the ambient can be reached indoors. Glazing integrated PVs, are among the most promising solutions due to heating and cooling savings in addition to electricity production. Finally, the combination of different panes in double glazing windows can optimize the environmental solar interaction of windows and maximize building energy savings.
Renewable and sustainable energy saving strategies for greenhouse systems: A comprehensive review

In this study, a comprehensive review focusing on key strategies of energy saving and climate control technologies for greenhouses is presented. Following the brief and concise assessment of existing greenhouse systems in terms of their role in total energy consumption; cost effective, energy efficient and environmentally friendly technologies are analyzed in detail for potential utilization in greenhouses for notable reductions in energy consumption and emission levels. The technologies considered within the scope of this research are mainly renewable and sustainable based solutions such as photovoltaic (PV) modules, solar thermal (T) collectors, hybrid PV/T collectors and systems, phase change material (PCM) and underground based heat storage techniques, energy efficient heat pumps, alternative facade materials for better thermal insulation and power generation (heat insulation solar glass, PV glazing, aerogel and vacuum insulation panel, polycarbonate sandwich panels) innovative ventilation technologies using pre heating and cooling (high performance windcatchers) and efficient lighting systems. The findings from the research clearly reveal that up to 80% energy saving can be achieved through appropriate retrofit of conventional greenhouses with a payback period of 4 8 years depending on climatic conditions and crop type.
Elastin in the Liver
Venue: Front. Physiol.

A characteristic feature of liver cirrhosis is the accumulation of large amounts of connective tissue with the prevailing content of type I collagen. Elastin is a minor connective tissue component in normal liver but it is actively synthesized by hepatic stellate cells and portal fibroblasts in diseased liver. The accumulation of elastic fibers in later stages of liver fibrosis may contribute to the decreasing reversibility of the disease with advancing time. Elastin is formed by polymerization of tropoelastin monomers. It is an amorphous protein highly resistant to the action of proteases that forms the core of elastic fibers. Microfibrils surrounding the core are composed of fibrillins that bind a number of proteins involved in fiber formation. They include microfibril associated glycoproteins (MAGPs) microfibrillar associated proteins (MFAPs) and fibulins. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) and lysyl oxidase like proteins (LOXLs) are responsible for tropoelastin cross linking and polymerization. TGF b complexes attached to microfibrils release this cytokine and influence the behavior of the cells in the neighborhood. The role of TGF b as the main profibrotic cytokine in the liver is well known and the release of the cytokines of TGF b superfamily from their storage in elastic fibers may affect the course of fibrosis. Elastic fibers are often studied in the tissues where they provide elasticity and resilience but their role is no longer viewed as purely mechanical. Tropoelastin, elastin polymer and elastin peptides resulting from partial elastin degradation influence fibroblastic and inflammatory cells as well as angiogenesis. A similar role may be performed by elastin in the liver. This article reviews the results of the research of liver elastic fibers on the background of the present knowledge of elastin biochemistry and physiology. The regulation of liver elastin synthesis and degradation may be important for the outcome of liver fibrosis.
Guia de atencion integral para la deteccion oportuna, diagnostico, tratamiento y seguimiento de leucemia linfoide aguda en ninos, ninas y adolescentes

Resumen La leucemia linfoide aguda (LLA) es el cancer mas frecuente en ninos. A nivel mundial se estima que cerca del 30% corresponde a la totalidad de las neoplasias malignas que se presentan en ninos y, de estas, mas del 75% son LLA. En Colombia no existe aun un registro nacional de cancer que nos permita evaluar exactamente la carga de la enfermedad por esta patologia; sin embargo, se estima que se presentan aproximadamente 2.080 casos nuevos por ano de cancer en pacientes pediatricos y de estos 500 corresponden a LLA. Con el objetivo de disminuir la mortalidad y mejorar la oportunidad en el diagnostico y en el tratamiento de los ninos afectados por esta patologia, se desarrollo esta Guia de practica clinica (GPC) como producto del trabajo durante meses de un grupo organizado y motivado de medicos especialistas en el area (epidemiologos, economistas, entre otros) quienes elaboraron recomendaciones para las diferentes etapas tanto para la prevencion, sospecha, diagnostico, tratamiento, seguimiento de los ninos y adolescentes con diagnostico de LLA.
Cambios en las dinamicas familiares, y apoyo social percibido por cuidadores de ninos con leucemia

En Colombia, el sistema de salud presenta diferentes problematicas por falencias en su estructura y por los sobrecostos que implica la atencion a millones de pacientes durante largos periodos de tiempo, por complicaciones en su estado de salud y por la exposicion a factores de riesgo socioculturales. Este es el caso de las enfermedades cronicas, las que, por sus caracteristicas propias, requieren de una atencion prolongada e integral, con costos muy elevados, tanto para el sistema de salud, como para los pacientes y sus familias. La poblacion del departamento del Quindio no es ajena a dicha problematica, ademas el aumento en las tasas de morbilidad proyectadas en las estadisticas nacionales, departamentales y locales son alarmantes; es un llamado a intervenir de manera oportuna, generando estrategias en pro de la promocion de la salud y prevencion de esta y otras enfermedades. El objetivo general de esta investigacion es: conocer los cambios en las dinamicas familiares y el apoyo social percibido, en cuidadoras de ninos con Leucemia. Para lograr el anterior objetivo general, se plantearon los siguientes objetivos especificos: Describir la experiencia de ser cuidadores de ninos con leucemia e Identificar las dinamicas familiares en el contexto de cuidar un nino con leucemia. El trabajo fue llevado a cabo por medio de un estudio cualitativo de corte descriptivo, realizado con cuatro cuidadoras, de ninos de genero masculino, (uno cada una) con edades comprendidas entre 8 y 10 anos, pertenecientes a la Fundacion Oncologos de Occidente la ciudad de Armenia, departamento del Quindio. El instrumento utilizado fue una entrevista a profundidad, que permitio describir la experiencia de ser cuidadoras de ninos con leucemia, identificar las dinamicas familiares en el contexto de cuidar un nino con leucemia y describir el apoyo social percibido por el cuidador ante el cuidado de un nino con leucemia. Los resultados senalaron la existencia de significativos cambios en la dinamica familiar, y como el apoyo social percibido influye en dicha dinamica por los multiples cuidados que requieren ninos y cuidadoras.
Towards the validation of a scale for measuring the load of form focus and meaning focus of textbook activities in foreign language teaching

Language Teaching is targeted at the attainment of implicit language knowledge by means of form focused and meaning focused instruction (FFI and MFI) This study is aimed at devising and validating a scale with psychometric techniques that measures the degree of FFI and MFI of textbook activities. Specifically, the objectives of this article are twofold. The first objective is to study the concurrent criterion validity of the application of the scale by 5 applied linguists and 5 English as a Foreign Language (EFL) secondary school teachers on 15 randomly selected authentic EFL textbooks. The external criterion is the holistic assessment of the FFI and MFI loads of these activities on a continuum from 0 to 10. The second objective is to study the inter rater reliability scores of both types of assessments (holistic and scale based) Results show very satisfactory concurrent criterion validity and inter rater reliability. Future lines of research are suggested.
ALS/FTD associated FUS activates GSK 3b to disrupt the VAPB PTPIP51 interaction and ER mitochondria associations
Venue: EMBO reports

Defective FUS metabolism is strongly associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD) but the mechanisms linking FUS to disease are not properly understood. However, many of the functions disrupted in ALS/FTD are regulated by signalling between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. This signalling is facilitated by close physical associations between the two organelles that are mediated by binding of the integral ER protein VAPB to the outer mitochondrial membrane protein PTPIP51, which act as molecular scaffolds to tether the two organelles. Here, we show that FUS disrupts the VAPB PTPIP51 interaction and ER mitochondria associations. These disruptions are accompanied by perturbation of Ca2+ uptake by mitochondria following its release from ER stores, which is a physiological read out of ER mitochondria contacts. We also demonstrate that mitochondrial ATP production is impaired in FUS expressing cells; mitochondrial ATP production is linked to Ca2+ levels. Finally, we demonstrate that the FUS induced reductions to ER mitochondria associations and are linked to activation of glycogen synthase kinase 3b (GSK 3b) a kinase already strongly associated with ALS/FTD.
Review on the impact of urban geometry and pedestrian level greening on outdoor thermal comfort

The number of hot days is increasing in many parts of the world because of the heat island phenomenon and global climate change. High air temperature greatly affects human thermal comfort and public health, particularly in urban areas. Therefore, the challenging task of, urban designers and urban planners in accommodating the increasing population is to make cities with the least level of vulnerability to future climate change. Interest in transferring urban climatic knowledge into urban planning practices, and developing mitigation strategies to adapt to climate change, has been increased in recent years. The use of vegetation and appropriate urban geometry are shown very promising in mitigating the adverse effects of heat island and providing a better pedestrian thermal comfort. This article reviews studies on pedestrian level urban greening and geometry in improving thermal comfort in cities. Such strategies can be applied at the preliminary stages of urban planning and thus directly affect the microclimate. The analyzed data include simulation and field measurement studies. The discussion of this research clearly reflects how urban design guidelines can be applied to enhance outdoor thermal comfort and minimize the heat island effect. This study is helpful in controlling the consequences of city design from the early design stage.