nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of arrhythmias among children below 15 years of age with congenital heart diseases attending Mulago National Referral Hospital, Uganda
Venue: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

BackgroundIn Uganda, few children with congenital heart diseases (CHD) benefit from early corrective cardiac surgery. These children are at high risk of developing heart failure and electrolyte imbalances; factors which increase their risk of developing arrhythmias. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with arrhythmias among children with congenital heart diseases receiving care at Mulago Hospital.MethodsThis was a cross sectional study carried out from August 2013 to March 2014 at Mulago Hospital. Children were consecutively enrolled into the study. Standard 12 lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) were performed on 194 children with CHD (age range 10 days 15 years) Data was analysed using SPSS 16.0.ResultsOut of 194 children studied, 53/194 (27.3 95 CI 21.0 33.6) children had arrhythmias. Of the CHD children, 44/194 (22.7 95 CI 16.8 28.6) had first degree AV block while 9/194 (4.6 95 CI 1.7 7.6) children had either ectopic atrial rhythm, premature atrial contractions, junctional rhythm, complete atrioventricular (AV) dissociation or premature ventricular contractions. Children using digoxin were more likely to have first degree AV block (OR 3.75, 95 CI 1.60 8.86) while those aged 5 years and below were less likely to have first degree AV block (OR 0.16, 95 CI 0.07 0.37).ConclusionArrhythmias are common among children with CHD receiving care from Mulago Hospital. These are associated with digoxin use, child's age and electrolyte imbalances; factors which can easily be assessed, managed and where possible modified in these children during their care.
Adiposity and Cardiovascular Risk Factor Variables in Childhood Are Associated With Premature Death From Coronary Heart Disease in Adults: The Bogalusa Heart Study
Venue: The American journal of the medical sciences

More than 600 deaths of all causes have been documented over the 40 year duration of the Bogalusa Heart Study. Of these, 97 deaths have been related to cardiovascular events, based on obituaries published in local newspapers, death certificates obtained from the State Health Department, information from the coroner and word of mouth by nursing staff from the community.  This study was a retrospective longitudinal cohort with several observations of each subject. It consisted of 6 cross sectional surveys of children aged 5 7 years, conducted between 1973 and 1988, and 4 cross sectional surveys of previously examined subjects as young adults extending into middle age, conducted between 1988 and 2010.  Excluding pulmonary, congenital and noncoronary cardiovascular diseases, 46 deaths (average age at death 44.7 years, range: 31 55) were considered to have been related to coronary artery disease, that is, myocardial infarction. Cardiovascular risk factor observations, gathered from multiple surveys (average of 4.4 surveys, range: 1 14) since childhood, indicated that body fatness and elevated blood pressure beginning in childhood were more common in subjects who later died of coronary artery disease than in living subjects.  The present findings emphasize that sub clinical cardiovascular disease begins early in life and that early prevention is vital.
L'enseignement/apprentissage de l'oral en francais dans les universites iraniennes le cas de l'Universite de Tabriz

Dans cet article, notre objectif consiste a donner quelques pistes de reflexion sur l'enseignement/apprentissage de l'oral dans les universites iraniennes, car la place de l'oral n'y est pas nettement definie dans l'enseignement du FLE. Pour verifier cette reflexion, nous nous interesserons specialement aux productions orales des etudiants des cours de la licence en langue et litterature francaises de 2012 2015 a l'Universite de Tabriz, ou le probleme du discours oral et de communiquer oralement en francais affecte un assez grand nombre d'apprenants. Notre regard s'orientera sur une etude analytique et approfondie des problemes consistant a en connaitre les causes, a etablir des moyens ainsi bien qu'a suggerer des propositions cles qui aboutiront a l'acquisition des competences de comprehension et d'expression orales. Notre intention est de participer a la mise en oeuvre de l'enseignement de l'oral en francais, fonde sur une approche communicative qui vise le developpement de la competence de communication devenue necessaire pour faire progresser la communication orale des apprenants de la langue francaise. Enfin, nous souhaitons que cette approche fasse partie du systeme educatif et pedagogique de l'enseignement du FLE en Iran.
International Relations, Historical Sociology and the Eurocentrism Debate

At the forefront of the bourgeoning field of International Historical Sociology has been the effort to overcome Eurocentric conceptions of world history. This review article reconsiders the issue of Eurocentrism by critically engaging with Alex Anievas and Kerem Nisancioglu's How the West Came to Rule, which is the most recent and arguably one of the most sophisticated contributions to the anti Eurocentric turn in International Relations.
A Dataset for Multimodal Question Answering in the Cultural Heritage Domain
Venue: LT4DH@COLING

Multimodal question answering in the cultural heritage domain allows visitors to ask questions in a more natural way and thus provides better user experiences with cultural objects while visiting a museum, landmark or any other historical site. In this paper, we introduce the construction of a golden standard dataset that will aid research of multimodal question answering in the cultural heritage domain. The dataset, which will be soon released to the public, contains multimodal content including images of typical artworks from the fascinating old Egyptian Amarna period, related image containing documents of the artworks and over 800 multimodal queries integrating visual and textual questions. The multimodal questions and related documents are all in English. The multimodal questions are linked to relevant paragraphs in the related documents that contain the answer to the multimodal query.
Damage caused by spoilage bacteria to the structure of cattle hides and sheep skins

Recently greater attention has been given to hides and skins because of the added value of processing them into leather and leather products. The study aimed to isolate and identify aerobic bacteria associated with damage to raw cattle hides and sheep/goat skins in Sudan. Probably due to poor hygiene and poor conditions in the slaughterhouses a total of 414 organisms were isolated (379 Grampositive and 35 Gramnegative bacteria) from fresh and washed hides and skins in the slaughterhouse, salted and dried hides and skins in warehouses where these was a delay in curing and the absence of bactericides. Other bacterial species were isolated from raw hides and skins which were delivered without treatment to the tannery. Staphylococcus spp. Micrococcus spp. Corynebacterium spp. Bacillus spp. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp. were the predominant microorganisms isolated. Histological examination of the putrefied areas showed that the epidermis became thin without cellular structure and appeared ribbon like and detached from the dermis whilst the dermis became loose. The bacterial damage was clear in raw hides and skins delivered without treatment and had lesions of putrefaction with St. equorum, St. gallinarum, Dermacoccus nishinomiyaenesis, Gardnerella vaginalis being isolated from putrefied hides and skins for the first time.  The bacterial activity affected skins and hides structures. The epidermis and dermis layers, which are valuable tissues in the leather industry and determine the quality of the leather were severely affected.
Potentiality of Bacillus weihenstephanensis PKD5 Keratinase for Eco Friendly Dehairing of Skins and Hide

Comparative dehairing efficiency of Na2S (1.5% CaO (1.5% and crude keratinase (15.3 U/ml) of Bacillus weihenstephanensis PKD5 was investigated in single and in combination on cow hide, goat and sheep skin. Complete dehairing was achieved by treatment with Na2S, CaO with Na2S, Na2S with crude keratinase and crude keratinase after 2, 2, 2 and 10 h respectively. Among all the treatments, the enzyme treated skin/hide was comparatively more white, smooth and shiny due to release of intact hair with follicle from skin/hide. Though chemical(s) and combination of chemical with enzyme dehair the skin/hide in relatively less time but the enzymatic dehairing improved the leather quality. So, the keratinase is produced using low cost poultry feather which can be employed for dehairing that is sustainable and potential to replace the chemical dehairing in leather industries.
Dealing with linear and nonlinear time delays under model predictive control of power electronic inverters
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Automatica (ICA ACCA)

Performance of any digital control scheme applied to inverters, or any other power electronic structures, can significantly suffer due to time delays. These time delays can be linear and nonlinear. An example of a linear delay is the delay due to sampling, control calculation and application of the new voltage state, which results in a constant delay present in each control cycle. An example of a non linear delay is the inverter dead time, which is different depending on the selected switching state and the direction of the load current. Both types of delays are well known and are addressedin literature. At the same time, the known solutions result in significantly more complicated hardware and/or software implementations. Introduction of MPC to power electronics gives a new and unique opportunity to compensate for both types of the delays in a clear and effective way. This can be done by including the delays, both linear and non linear, in the model predictions. As an illustration, this paper presents an MPC based design of closed loop current control with linear delay compensation for voltage source inverters. The paper also proposes a variable rate MPC based voltage modulator which combines harmonic suppression with inverter dead time compensation. The main points of the paper are illustrated by extensive simulation and experimenal results.
The influence of the rotor slits on the performance of high speed solid rotor induction machine
Venue: 2016 17th International Conference on Mechatronics Mechatronika (ME)

Nowadays, the high speed induction motors with solid rotors are subject of interest in many studies. These machines are supplied from frequency inverters with corresponding frequency to obtain desire rotating speed. Very simple massive solid rotor is prefer due to its mechanical strength, low cost manufacture and can be used in hostile environment. This article is focused on high speed induction motor with two different rotor types, namely smooth solid and axially slitted rotor. In the introduction the application, method of analysis and rotor topology are discussed especially for rotors, mentioned above. Our motor is designed to provide output power of 12kW and its synchronous speed is 45000 min 1. Models are created in ANSYS Maxwell software package and analyzed with approach of finite element method. Two solid rotors are examined where the first motor is equipped with smooth solid rotor which is made of single steel with no feature modification and can withstand great mechanical forces and the second motor is equipped with rotor where feature modification is applied in form of axial slits with proper depth in order to obtain better electromagnetic performance. The difference and improvement of this modification is investigated.
8 Distributed Generation

This chapter begins with a description of different distributed generation (DG) technologies. These are presented from the point of view of their working principle and their way of connecting to the network. An introduction is also given to the load flow problem in DG systems. The different types of nodes are defined and the problem equations are formulated. The network connection of DG involves a change in the control of the system and the quality of the electrical power. In some cases, this connection leads to a deterioration of the quality indices of electric power. In other cases, it may serve to improve these indices. So, this chapter includes a section in which the impact of DG on the quality of electric power is analyzed. The last section is devoted to present and analyze different control strategies of the inverters that are used as interface for the connection between DG and network.
Predicting Personalized Emotion Perceptions of Social Images
Venue: ACM Multimedia

Images can convey rich semantics and induce various emotions to viewers. Most existing works on affective image analysis focused on predicting the dominant emotions for the majority of viewers. However, such dominant emotion is often insufficient in real world applications, as the emotions that are induced by an image are highly subjective and different with respect to different viewers. In this paper, we propose to predict the personalized emotion perceptions of images for each individual viewer. Different types of factors that may affect personalized image emotion perceptions, including visual content, social context, temporal evolution, and location influence, are jointly investigated. Rolling multi task hypergraph learning is presented to consistently combine these factors and a learning algorithm is designed for automatic optimization. For evaluation, we set up a large scale image emotion dataset from Flickr, named Image Emotion Social Net, on both dimensional and categorical emotion representations with over 1 million images and about 8,000 users. Experiments conducted on this dataset demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve significant performance gains on personalized emotion classification, as compared to several state of the art approaches.
User Centric Affective Computing of Image Emotion Perceptions
Venue: AAAI

We propose to predict the personalized emotion perceptions of images for each viewer. Different factors that may influence emotion perceptions, including visual content, social context, temporal evolution, and location influence are jointly investigated via the presented rolling multi task hypergraph learning. For evaluation, we set up a large scale image emotion dataset from Flickr, named Image Emotion Social Net, with over 1 million images and about 8,000 users. Experiments conducted on this dataset demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method, as compared to state of the art.
Economics of Climate Adaptation (ECA) Guidebook for Practitioners

There is a growing consensus that climate change impacts should be considered in the development of adaptation strategies by decision makers at all levels. This requires identifying cost efficient adaptation measures, resulting from a structured risk management approach. The Economics of Climate Adaptation (ECA) approach offers a unique contribution, which combines risk assessment, adaptation measures and risk transfer. Its results allow a flexible identification of cost effective climate adaptation measures for a variety of projects and sectors. Recently, KfW decided to implement two pilot studies in Bangladesh and El Salvador using the ECA methodology. The main objectives were to support decision makers in developing their adaptation strategy and to develop a climate adaptation measures investment portfolio. Following the evaluation of these two pilot studies, the need to develop a document for practitioners has arisen. The ECA Guidebook aims at filling this gap while complementing the already existing ECA documentation and tools. This Guidebook is tailored for practitioners of developing projects, which promote resilience in developing countries. It aims also at 1) exploring whether ECA methodology is appropriate to the project's goals and 2) offering step by step guidance while using the ECA methodology.
A prospective study comparing digital breast tomosynthesis with digital mammography in surveillance after breast cancer treatment.
Venue: European journal of cancer

Although the benefit of adjunct digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is established in population screening, its benefit in surveillance after breast cancer treatment is not well defined. We prospectively evaluated whether the addition of DBT to digital mammography (DM) reduced the rate of indeterminate findings compared to DM alone in patients after breast cancer treatment.  Patients had both DM and DBT for routine surveillance. Two dimensional synthesised mammogram (SM) was generated for each patient from DBT data. DM, SM, and DBT images were read for each patient by one of four radiologists credentialed for DBT. We compared the rates of indeterminate findings between DM+DBT with DM alone in patients with a range of breast densities and between DM and SM.  A total of 618 patients and 1069 breasts were analysed. The rates of indeterminate findings for DM+DBT versus DM alone were 10.5% and 13.1% respectively (p=0.018) In breasts treated with surgery and radiotherapy (n=558) the corresponding rates of indeterminate findings were 4.9% and 6.9% respectively (p=0.039) The rate of indeterminate findings for DM+DBT increased with increasing breast density (p=0.019) There was no significant difference in the rates of indeterminate findings between DM and SM (13.1% versus 11.5% p=0.1)  The addition of DBT to DM reduced the rate of indeterminate findings in surveillance of patients after breast cancer treatment. Further research is required to confirm whether DBT and SM could replace DM for patients undergoing surveillance.
Use of vemurafenib in a patient unable to swallow whole
Venue: Journal of oncology pharmacy practice official publication of the International Society of Oncology Pharmacy Practitioners

The treatment landscape for metastatic melanoma has increased dramatically in the past five years, with the pivotal discovery of activating BRAF mutations in half of all melanomas spurring the development for effective treatments that target mitogen activated protein kinase (RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK) pathway. Vemurafenib, a selective mutant BRAF Val600 inhibitor, results in striking tumour responses and a survival advantage over conventional chemotherapy. We present here the case of a 38 year old woman with metastatic BRAFV600E mutant melanoma and a severe tablet phobia, who was found to have been crushing and/or chewing her vemurafenib tablets. In this case, she attained a partial response and significant clinical benefit, albeit temporarily.
Teacher Parent Collaborative Efforts in Facilitating Students' Homework

This study focuses on the essential role of teachers in initiating collaborative efforts with parents in helping the children do their homework. To establish teacher parents' partnership in this endeavour, four engaging interventions were utilized in this action research. These are focus group discussion (FGD) home visitation, follow up by texting and homework logs.An intact Grade 8 science class in one of the pilot secondary schools in the City of Manila was involved in the study. Results showed that the collaborative efforts between parents and teachers apparently contributed to the improvement of students'class performance. Home visitation was seen as a means of rekindling commitment of the parents to monitor their children's progress in school. In the same way, it was found out that homework logs and texting are strategies that could enhance parental involvement leading to close supervision of their children doing their assignments at home.
Politician Seeking Voter: How Interviews on Entertainment Talk Shows Affect Trust in Politicians

During election campaigns, politicians regularly feature on entertainment talk shows in which they are typically approached in uncritical and positive manners. To test how such appearances affect trust in politicians, we conducted an online experiment with a Dutch adult sample in which participants were randomly allocated to see an entertainment talk show interview, a current affairs program interview with the same politician, or a control condition without exposure. Findings demonstrate that exposure to the talk show interview affected participants' trust in politicians. Moreover, this effect was strongly moderated by political knowledge. Trust in politicians was positively affected by talk show exposure among individuals with low political knowledge, but negatively for those with the most political knowledge.
Physico Chemical Analysis of Water from Asa River, Ilorin, Nigeria.

Water samples were taken at four different locations along the course of Asa river within Ilorin Ilorin, Kwara state, covering both dry and wet seasons and were subjected to physicochemical and heavy metal analysis. The result of temperature was found to range between 24.03 25.53 0 C during both seasons. Turbidity, conductivity, pH, TSS, TDS, Acidity, Alkalinity were found to be between 8.00 28.16 (NTU) 82.43 275.13 (uS/cm) 6.86 7.27, 16.13 152.30 (mg/l) 44.13 135.00 (mg/l) 26.33 50.23 (mg/l) and 188.46 405.06 (mg/l) respectively during the dry season, while during the wet season, 11.13 35.46 (NTU) 66.50 206.70 (uS/cm) 6.23 6.80, 12.73 244.00 (mg/l) 33.03 102.96 (mg/l) 28.80 55.40 (mg/l) and 86.23 302.33 (mg/l) were observed respectively. The lowest value of hardness, 47.20 mg/l CaCO 3 was recorded at location 1 (control) during the wet season. DO, BOD, COD were found to range between 4.80 9.30 (mg/l) 2.20 6.70 (mg/l) and 29.60 228.50 (mg/l) covering both seasons. The anions, Cl NO 3 SO 4 2 and PO 4 3 had overall mean values of 60.91, 8.37, 67.96 and 0.36mg/l respectively.
Physico Chemical Analysis of Drinking Water Quality of Arbaminch Town

In this study drinking water samples were collected from three sites of Arbaminch town and have been analyzed for some physico chemical parameters like pH, electrical conductivity (EC) total dissolved solids (TDS) total suspended solids (TSS) total solids (TS) total alkalinity (TA) total hardness (TH) chloride (Cl and fluoride (F The result showed that pH, EC, TDS, TSS, TS, TA, TH, Cl and F ranged from 7.13 to 7.76, 210.0 to 230.5 mScm 1, 134.4 to 147.1 mg/L, 11.22 to 15.44 mg/L, 145.62 to 262.45 mg/L, 88.6 to 182.02 mg/L, 119.2 to 135.11 mg/L, 135.22 to 554.46 mg/L and 2.0 to 4.41 mg/L respectively. All the measured parameters were within the standard drinking water quality values of WHO except Cl content in AMU sampling site and F in all sampling sites. The level of Cl in Secha and Sikela sampling sites were within the standard value of WHO (500 mg/L) But the level of Cl was found beyond the standard value of WHO in AMU sampling site. Similarly the concentration of F was found higher than the standard limit value of WHO (1.5 mg/L) in all sampling sites but within the maximum permissible values of US EPA (4.0 mg/L) except in the AMU sampling site which is a little bit higher than the US EPA. In general the present investigation found that the maximum parameters were not at a level of pollution.
Leadership Theories and Styles: A Literature Review

Numerous explanations, classifications, theories and definitions about leadership, exist in the contemporary literature. Substantial effort has gone in to classify and clarify different dimensions of active leadership thus, generating considerable organizational and social research of leadership styles and behaviors. Many researchers and practitioners have developed a consensus that the progression of thinking over the years has developed a belief that leadership is a flexible developmental process, with each new piece of research building on and seldom completely disregarding that which was derived before it. Main theories that emerged during 20th century include: the Great Man theory, Trait theory, Process leadership theory, Style and Behavioral theory, Transformational, Transactional and Laissez Faire leadership theory.