nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Compaction Load and Sintering Temperature on Tribological and Mechanical Behavior of Ni/SiC/MoS2 Composites
Venue: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance

In the present investigation, the effects of compaction load and sintering temperature on the tribological and mechanical behavior of Ni/20%SiC/7%MoS2 hybrid composites was studied. The density, compression strength, and hardness of the composites were evaluated and compared. The wear properties of the composites were evaluated for the test condition of 1 m/s speed and 10 N load using a pin on disk tribometer. The braking performance of the composites was evaluated in a subscale dynamometer for the 500 kJ energy condition. The microstructure and wear surface morphology of the composites were analyzed by stereo, optical, and scanning electron microscopes. From the results, the following important conclusions are drawn: (1) the compaction load of 1400 kN and sintering temperature of 900 degC are optimum to obtain the best combination of tribological and mechanical properties; (2) the properties such as density, compression strength, hardness, wear, and friction increase up to a critical sintering temperature, and then decrease later; (3) the composition and thickness of the interface reaction product phases (Ni2Si, Ni3Si, and graphite) play a key role in deciding the strength of Ni/SiC interface that consequently affects the mechanical and tribological properties of the composites; (4) the abrasive wear is found to be the main wear mechanism in the highly densified composites, whereas the delamination wear and the third body wear are major wear mechanisms in the poorly densified composites; and (5) the better braking performance of the highly densified composites is attributed to the absence of third body wear, controlled flow of solid lubricant, and lower porosity.
Enhanced Genetic Algorithm for Mobile Robot Path Planning in Static and Dynamic Environment
Venue: IJCCI

Path planning is an important component for a mobile robot to be able to do its job in different types of environments. Furthermore, determining the safest and shortest path from the start location to a desired destination, intelligently and in quickly, is a major challenge, especially in a dynamic environment. Therefore, various optimisation methods are recommended to solve the problem, one of these being a genetic algorithm (GA) This paper investigates the capabilities of GA for solving the path planning problem for mobile robots in static and dynamic environments. First, it studies the different GA approaches. Then, it carefully designs a new GA with intelligent crossover to optimise the search process in static and dynamic environments. It also conducts a comprehensive statistical evaluation of the proposed GA approach in terms of solution quality and execution time, comparing it against the well known A* algorithm and MGA in a static scenario, and against the Improved GA in a dynamic scenario. The simulation results show that the proposed GA is able to find an optimal or near optimal solution with fast execution time compared to the three other algorithms, especially in large problems.
Pretty as a Princess: Longitudinal Effects of Engagement With Disney Princesses on Gender Stereotypes, Body Esteem, and Prosocial Behavior in Children.
Venue: Child development

This study examined level of engagement with Disney Princess media/products as it relates to gender stereotypical behavior, body esteem (i.e. body image) and prosocial behavior during early childhood. Participants consisted of 198 children (Mage 58 months) who were tested at two time points (approximately 1 year apart) Data consisted of parent and teacher reports, and child observations in a toy preference task. Longitudinal results revealed that Disney Princess engagement was associated with more female gender stereotypical behavior 1 year later, even after controlling for initial levels of gender stereotypical behavior. Parental mediation strengthened associations between princess engagement and adherence to female gender stereotypical behavior for both girls and boys, and for body esteem and prosocial behavior for boys only.
Boys Act and Girls Appear: A Content Analysis of Gender Stereotypes Associated with Characters in Children's Popular Culture

We conducted a content analysis of children's products in U.S. popular culture that depict male and female characters to determine the extent to which gender stereotypes were portrayed. We examined popular Halloween costumes (90 female costumes and 90 male costumes) from popular retail websites, 79 popular dolls and 71 popular action figures from national store websites, and Valentines found at two national stores (portraying 54 female and 59 male characters) The coding system was adapted from several different studies. Female characters were far more likely than male characters to be depicted with traditional feminine stereotyped cues (e.g. decorative clothing) and sexually submissive, hyper feminine cues (e.g. revealing clothing) Male characters were far more likely to be portrayed with traditional masculine characteristics like functional clothing and the body in motion, and they were often depicted with hyper masculine accessories such as having a weapon. Implications for children's gender role development and the perpetuation of patriarchy are discussed.
Getting to Know You: Familiarity, Stereotypes, and Children's Eyewitness Memory.
Venue: Behavioral sciences the law

The present study concerned how the acquisition of social information, specifically knowledge about personal characteristics, influences young children's memory and suggestibility. Effects of two sources of knowledge about a target person were systematically examined: familiarity and stereotypes. Children, aged 4 5 and 7 9 years (N 145) were randomly assigned, per age group, to experimental conditions based on a familiarity (6 hours vs. no prior exposure) x stereotype (negative depiction as messy and clumsy vs. no stereotype) factorial design. Children then watched the target person engage in a target event (a series of contests) at a preschool "Camp Ingrid" The children's memory and suggestibility about the target person and target event were tested after a delay of 2 weeks. Results indicated that the negative stereotype resulted in an increase in children's correct responses both to free recall stereotype related questions (when children were unfamiliar with the target person) and to closed ended questions overall (for younger children) However, the stereotype was associated with greater error to stereotype related closed ended questions. Moreover, familiarity increased children's accuracy to closed ended questions. Implications for theory and application are discussed.
Design and Demonstration of an 8 bit Bit Serial RSFQ Microprocessor: CORE e4
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

We present a design of an 8 bit bit serial rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) microprocessor, which is called CORE e4, and its high speed functionality test results. The CORE e4 is equipped with four general purpose registers and can execute 20 different instructions. The first version of the CORE e4, which is called CORE e4v1, has been implemented using the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 10 kA/cm2 advanced process (ADP2) and the CONNECT cell library. The CORE e4v1 consists of approximately 7000 Josephson junctions and occupies a circuit area of 3.00 mm x 1.98 mm. The estimated power consumption and performance are 2.03 mW and 333 million instructions per second, respectively. CORE e4 is one of the highest performing RSFQ microprocessors.
SHiP: a new facility with a dedicated detector for studying \nu_\tau$ properties and nucleon structure functions

SHIP is a new general purpose fixed target facility, proposed at the CERN SPS accelerator. In five years, $2\times 10^{20} protons of 400 GeV/c momentum will be dumped on a Molybdenum target. A detector downstream of the target will allow a search to made for long lived particles with masses below O(10) GeV/c$^2$ foreseen in several extensions of the Standard Model. Another dedicated detector will allow the study of active neutrino cross sections and angular distributions. The neutrino detector consists of an emulsion target, based on the Emulsion Cloud Chamber technology fruitfully employed in the OPERA experiment. The Emulsion Cloud Chamber will be placed in a magnetic field, with the so called Compact Emulsion Spectrometer, a few cm thick chamber for the charge and momentum measurement of hadrons. This will provide the leptonic number measurement also in the hadronic tau decay channels. The detector will be hybrid, using nuclear emulsions and electronic detectors for the time stamp of the events and the measurement of the muon momentum. The muon system will also be based on the design of the one used in the OPERA experiment.
Generating ray class fields of real quadratic fields via complex equiangular lines

For certain real quadratic fields $K$ with sufficiently small discriminant we produce explicit unit generators for specific ray class fields of $K$ using a numerical method that arose in the study of complete sets of equiangular lines in \mathbb{C}^d$ (known in quantum information as symmetric informationally complete measurements or SICs) The construction in low dimensions suggests a general recipe for producing unit generators in infinite towers of ray class fields above arbitrary real quadratic $K$ and we summarise this in a conjecture. There are indications [19,20] that the logarithms of these canonical units are related to the values of $L$ functions associated to the extensions, following the programme laid out in the Stark Conjectures.
Ads Filtering Mengunakan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan Perceptron, Naive Bayes Classifier, dan Regresi logistik

Email merupakan fasilitas yang mutlak diperlukan dalam berbagai bidang. Pentingnya email dan jumlahnya yang begitu banyak menyebabkan penyalahgunaan. Salah satu penyalahgunaan yang sering ditemui adalah email iklan yang dikirimkan oleh perusahaan penyedia konten internet saat pengguna mendaftar pada situs perusahaan tersebut. Terdapat metode agar email iklan dari perusahaan perusahaan tersebut bisa secara otomatis dikenali yaitu klasifikasi. Data email berbentuk teks, sehingga jauh lebih rumit dan perlu proses untuk mempersiapkan data. Salah satu prosesnya adalah pembobotan ads atau adicity. Untuk metode klasifikasi yang digunakan adalah Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) yang secara umum sering digunakan dalam data teks dan Perceptron yang diketahui keduanya merupakan metode yang cukup sederhana untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang kompleks. Kedua metode tersebut akan dibandingkan untuk mengetahui hasil klasifikasi yang paling baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa NBC lebih unggul dibanding Perceptron, dan pada NBC False Positive Ratio lebih mudah untuk dikontrol.
Ads Filtering Mengunakan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan Perceptron, Naive Bayes Classifier, dan Regresi Logistik

Abstrak Email merupakan fasilitas yang mutlak diperlukan dalam berbagai bidang. Pentingnya email dan jumlahnya yang begitu banyak menyebabkan penyalahgunaan. Salah satu penyalahgunaan yang sering ditemui adalah email iklan yang dikirimkan oleh perusahaan penyedia konten internet saat pengguna mendaftar pada situs perusahaan tersebut. Terdapat metode agar email iklan dari perusahaan perusahaan tersebut bisa secara otomatis dikenali yaitu klasifikasi. Data email berbentuk teks, sehingga jauh lebih rumit dan
Disentangling beat perception from sequential learning and examining the influence of attention and musical abilities on ERP responses to rhythm
Venue: Neuropsychologia

Beat perception is the ability to perceive temporal regularity in musical rhythm. When a beat is perceived, predictions about upcoming events can be generated. These predictions can influence processing of subsequent rhythmic events. However, statistical learning of the order of sounds in a sequence can also affect processing of rhythmic events and must be differentiated from beat perception. In the current study, using EEG, we examined the effects of attention and musical abilities on beat perception. To ensure we measured beat perception and not absolute perception of temporal intervals, we used alternating loud and soft tones to create a rhythm with two hierarchical metrical levels. To control for sequential learning of the order of the different sounds, we used temporally regular (isochronous) and jittered rhythmic sequences. The order of sounds was identical in both conditions, but only the regular condition allowed for the perception of a beat. Unexpected intensity decrements were introduced on the beat and offbeat. In the regular condition, both beat perception and sequential learning were expected to enhance detection of these deviants on the beat. In the jittered condition, only sequential learning was expected to affect processing of the deviants. ERP responses to deviants were larger on the beat than offbeat in both conditions. Importantly, this difference was larger in the regular condition than in the jittered condition, suggesting that beat perception influenced responses to rhythmic events in addition to sequential learning. The influence of beat perception was present both with and without attention directed at the rhythm. Moreover, beat perception as measured with ERPs correlated with musical abilities, but only when attention was directed at the stimuli. Our study shows that beat perception is possible when attention is not directed at a rhythm. In addition, our results suggest that attention may mediate the influence of musical abilities on beat perception.
The Impact of Instrument Specific Musical Training on Rhythm Perception and Production
Venue: Front. Psychol.

Studies comparing musicians and non musicians have shown that musical training can improve rhythmic perception and production. These findings tell us that training can result in rhythm processing advantages, but they do not tell us whether practicing a particular instrument could lead to specific effects on rhythm perception or production. The current study used a battery of four rhythm perception and production tasks that were designed to test both higher and lower level aspects of rhythm processing. Four groups of musicians (drummers, singers, pianists, string players) and a control group of non musicians were tested. Within task differences in performance showed that factors such as meter, metrical complexity, tempo, and beat phase significantly affected the ability to perceive and synchronize taps to a rhythm or beat. Musicians showed better performance on all rhythm tasks compared to non musicians. Interestingly, our results revealed no significant differences between musician groups for the vast majority of task measures. This was despite the fact that all musicians were selected to have the majority of their training on the target instrument, had on average more than 10 years of experience on their instrument, and were currently practicing. These results suggest that general musical experience is more important than specialized musical experience with regards to perception and production of rhythms.
Motor simulation theories of musical beat perception
Venue: Neurocase

There is growing interest in whether the motor system plays an essential role in rhythm perception. The motor system is active during the perception of rhythms, but is such motor activity merely a sign of unexecuted motor planning, or does it play a causal role in shaping the perception of rhythm? We present evidence for a causal role of motor planning and simulation, and review theories of internal simulation for beat based timing prediction. Brain stimulation studies have the potential to conclusively test if the motor system plays a causal role in beat perception and ground theories to their neural underpinnings.
Drama with street youth: visual methodology dialogues across distance

As past school educators and doctoral students, the authors aim to further collaborative analytical discussions across distances through the use of technology and supported readings. They describe their journey of collaboratively analyzing two different examples of data, two film clippings from an applied theatre rehearsal with street youth, while using a visual methodology to enhance their discussions. In conclusion, they explain that their analysis of this pedagogical and methodological experiment supported them as they returned to their own respective research and writing equipped with new methodological and analytical tools that facilitated seeing their own visual data differently. Through this dialogical experiment they are advocating for a fuller recognition of a collective learning methodology in education, especially in what can be the very lonely and isolating stage of analysis in doctoral research and in the beginning stages of entering the classroom.
Content and proximity based author co citation analysis using citation sentences
Venue: J. Informetrics

Author co citation analysis (ACA) has been widely used for identifying the subject disciplines of authors. Citations can reveal the explicit relationship between authors as well as their subject research fields. However, previous studies have seldom considered citation contents that convey useful implicit information on the authors or the influence of the links between the authors' subject fields by taking citation locations into account. This study aims to reveal the implicit relationship in the authors' subject disciplines by considering both citation contents and proximity. To this end, the researchers propose a new ACA method, called content and proximity based author co citation analysis (CPACA) For the study, we extracted citation sentences and locations from full text articles in the oncology field. The top 15 journals on oncology in Journal Citation Reports were selected, and 6,360 full text articles from PubMed Central were collected. The results show that the proposed method enables the identification of distinct sub fields of authors to represent authors' subject relatedness.
Gene Expression Elucidates Functional Impact of Polygenic Risk for Schizophrenia
Venue: Nature Neuroscience

Over 100 genetic loci harbor schizophrenia associated variants, yet how these variants confer liability is uncertain. The CommonMind Consortium sequenced RNA from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of people with schizophrenia (N 258) and control subjects (N 279) creating a resource of gene expression and its genetic regulation. Using this resource, ~20% of schizophrenia loci have variants that could contribute to altered gene expression and liability. In five loci, only a single gene was involved: FURIN, TSNARE1, CNTN4, CLCN3 or SNAP91. Altering expression of FURIN, TSNARE1 or CNTN4 changed neurodevelopment in zebrafish; knockdown of FURIN in human neural progenitor cells yielded abnormal migration. Of 693 genes showing significant case versus control differential expression, their fold changes were 1.33, and an independent cohort yielded similar results. Gene co expression implicates a network relevant for schizophrenia. Our findings show that schizophrenia is polygenic and highlight the utility of this resource for mechanistic interpretations of genetic liability for brain diseases.
Theoretical explanations for maintenance of behaviour change: a systematic review of behaviour theories
Venue: Health psychology review

Behaviour change interventions are effective in supporting individuals in achieving temporary behaviour change. Behaviour change maintenance, however, is rarely attained. The aim of this review was to identify and synthesise current theoretical explanations for behaviour change maintenance to inform future research and practice.  Potentially relevant theories were identified through systematic searches of electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO) In addition, an existing database of 80 theories was searched, and 25 theory experts were consulted. Theories were included if they formulated hypotheses about behaviour change maintenance. Included theories were synthesised thematically to ascertain overarching explanations for behaviour change maintenance. Initial theoretical themes were cross validated.  One hundred and seventeen behaviour theories were identified, of which 100 met the inclusion criteria. Five overarching, interconnected themes representing theoretical explanations for behaviour change maintenance emerged. Theoretical explanations of behaviour change maintenance focus on the differential nature and role of motives, self regulation, resources (psychological and physical) habits, and environmental and social influences from initiation to maintenance.  There are distinct patterns of theoretical explanations for behaviour change and for behaviour change maintenance. The findings from this review can guide the development and evaluation of interventions promoting maintenance of health behaviours and help in the development of an integrated theory of behaviour change maintenance.
Analysis of Text Enriched Heterogeneous Information Networks

This chapter addresses the analysis of information networks, focusing on heterogeneous information networks with more than one type of nodes and arcs. After an overview of tasks and approaches to mining heterogeneous information networks, the presentation focuses on text enriched heterogeneous information networks whose distinguishing property is that certain nodes are enriched with text information. A particular approach to mining text enriched heterogeneous information networks is presented that combines text mining and network mining approaches. The approach decomposes a heterogeneous network into separate homogeneous networks, followed by concatenating the structural context vectors calculated from separate homogeneous networks with the bag of words vectors obtained from textual information contained in certain network nodes. The approach is show cased on the analysis of two real life text enriched heterogeneous citation networks.
RELATIVISTIC MEASUREMENTS FROM TIMING THE BINARY PULSAR PSR B1913+16

We present relativistic analyses of 9257 measurements of times of arrival from the first binary pulsar, PSR B1913+16, acquired over the last 35 years. The determination of the "Keplerian" orbital elements plus two relativistic terms completely characterizes the binary system, aside from an unknown rotation about the line of sight, leading to a determination of the masses of the pulsar and its companion: 1.438 0.001 M and 1.390 0.001 M respectively. In addition, the complete system characterization allows for the creation of relativistic gravitation test by comparing measured and predicted sizes of various relativistic phenomena. We find that the ratio of the observed orbital period decrease caused by gravitational wave damping (corrected by a kinematic term) to the general relativistic prediction is 0.9983 0.0016, thereby confirms the existence and strength of gravitational radiation as predicted by general relativity. For the first time in this system, we have also successfully measured the two parameters characterizing the Shapiro gravitational propagation delay, and found that their values are consistent with general relativistic predictions. For the first time in any system, we have also measured the relativistic shape correction to the elliptical orbit, d th although its intrinsic value is obscured by currently unquantified pulsar emission beam aberration. We have also marginally measured the time derivative of the projected semimajor axis, which, when improved in combination with beam aberration modeling from geodetic precession observations, should ultimately constrain the pulsar's moment of inertia.