nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Learning to detect salient curves of cartoon images based on composition rules
Venue: 2016 11th International Conference on Computer Science Education (ICCSE)

As a basic operation, image saliency detection has been widely used in various applications. Many approaches have been proposed to detect salient regions. In this study, we learn to detect salient curves of cartoon images based on composition rules. We formulate the detection problem as a binary labeling task where we separate salient curves from the whole curve structures extracted from the cartoon image. We choose a set of curve features related to composition rules, such as the positional relationship between curves and the center, the diagonals, the symmetries or the thirds of the image. We evaluate their effects on salient curve detection by the information gain ranking filter and find that these features play an important role in images respectively with different composition rules. We also use the random forest classifier to build models and use these models to detect salient curves for new images, and it has a satisfactory result.
The Research and Applications of Quantum Dots as Nano Carriers for Targeted Drug Delivery and Cancer Therapy
Venue: Nanoscale Research Letters

Quantum dots (QDs) nano carriers for drugs, can help realize the targeting of drugs, and improve the bioavailability of drugs in biological fields. And, a QD nano carrier system for drugs has the potential to realize early detection, monitoring, and localized treatments of specific disease sites. In addition, QD nano carrier systems for drugs can improve stability of drugs, lengthen circulation time in vivo, enhance targeted absorption, and improve the distribution and metabolism process of drugs in organization. So, the development of QD nano carriers for drugs has become a hotspot in the fields of nano drug research in recent years. In this paper, we review the advantages and applications of the QD nano carriers for drugs in biological fields.
From Margin To Mainstream: Microfinance, Women's Work And Social Change In The Philippines

Since the 1990s, microfinance has become the leading development strategy adopted by NGOs and government agencies for supporting microenterprise projects that can alleviate poverty and empower participants, especially women. Views differ, however, on whether microfinance addresses the symptoms or the social causes of poverty. This paper engages these debates by analyzing the microfinance program established by the Center for Women's Enterprise Development (CWED) in Laguna province, southern Luzon, Philippines. I argue that increased access to credit, the current focus of CWED' s program, does not transform the social and economic infrastructure within which women work and live and thus falls short of institutional claims to empower beneficiaries and improve their quality of life. I suggest that the extent to which microfinance develops transformatory initiatives to meet women's real needs depends on how programs enfold social change objectives beyond credit and enable political advocacy for individual and collective action.
Choice certainty in Discrete Choice Experiments: Will eye tracking provide useful measures?

In this study, we conduct a Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) using eye tracking technology to investigate if eye movements during the completion of choice sets reveal information about respondents' choice certainty. We hypothesise that the number of times that respondents shift their visual attention between the alternatives in a choice set reflects their stated choice certainty. Based on one of the largest samples of eye tracking data in a DCE to date, we find evidence in favor of our hypothesis. We also link eye tracking observations to model based choice certainty through parameterization of the scale function in a random parameters logit model. We find that choices characterized by more frequent gaze shifting do indeed exhibit a higher degree of error variance, however, this effects is insignificant once response time is controlled for. Overall, findings suggest that eye tracking can provide an observable and exogenous variable indicative of choice certainty, potentially improving the handling of respondent certainty and thus the performance of the choice models in DCEs. However, in our empirical case the benefits of using eye movement data as a proxy for choice certainty in the choice model are small at best, and our results suggest that response time provides a better proxy for stated choice certainty and provides larger improvements in model performance.
Making sense of it all: The impact of sensory processing sensitivity on daily functioning of children

Previous research on sensory processing sensitivity and related concepts showed an association with internalizing problems. The current explorative study investigated the underlying factor structure of the parent report Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS) and its association with problems in daily functioning. Caregivers of 235 children (3 16 years) completed the HSPS as well as questions on daily functioning. First, the factor structure of the HSPS was explored and evaluated. Second, both differences in reported problems between a high SPS and a control group, and in SPS factors between children with few versus many problems, were examined. Results suggested that the scores of the HSPS have good internal consistency and supported a two factor structure which distinguishes Overreaction to Stimuli (OS) and Depth of Processing (DP) Children with high SPS were reported to have more internalizing problems. High OS was more common in children who cried excessively as a baby, children with medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) sleeping, eating and drinking problems while high DP was more common in children with MUPS and sleeping problems. This study provides the first empirical evidence that the parent report HSPS may add valuable information to the assessment of children with problems in daily functioning.
Motor cortical function determines prognosis in sporadic ALS
Venue: Neurology

To study the relationship between cortical function and survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)  A total of 216 referrals were screened, and participants with familial ALS or an inexcitable cortex were excluded. Clinical measures and phenotyping from 169 patients with sporadic ALS were combined with an assessment of cortical function using threshold tracking transcranial magnetic stimulation with indices including short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) Peripheral nerve studies were collected, incorporating compound muscle action potential amplitude. Clinical prognostic factors were recorded longitudinally, including ALS Functional Rating Scale Revised (ALSFRS R)  Compared to 109 healthy controls, 169 patients had reduced SICI (p 0.0001) In survival analysis, 105 patients progressed to death with an estimated median survival time of 37 months. In patients with less than 2 years disease duration (n 140) those with bulbar onset (p 0.017) rapid vital capacity (VC) decline (p 0.0001) rapid ALSFRS R decline (p 0.0001) and reduced averaged SICI (p 0.047) had a poorer prognosis. Multivariate analysis identified rapid VC decline (p 0.0001) rapid ALSFRS R decline (p 0.0060) and reduced averaged SICI (p 0.011) as factors independently associated with a shorter survival.  Cortical dysfunction appears to be a prognostic marker in patients with ALS within 2 years of disease onset, such that patients with reduced averaged SICI, indicative of intracortical hyperexcitability, demonstrated a worse prognosis.
Customer Base Concentration: Implications for Audit Pricing and Quality

What are the implications of customer base concentration, i.e. the degree of a supplier's dependency on its major customers, for outside auditors? While prior research highlights the negatives of major customer dependency for client business risk, we find that suppliers with more concentrated customer bases spend less on audit fees. The negative association between audit fees and customer base concentration holds after controlling for a wide array of firm characteristics, and is more pronounced when dependent suppliers and major customers share the same auditor. Our evidence is consistent with a negative link between audit effort and major customer dependency due to lower audit complexity. The audit fee discount identified, however, does not imply that audit quality declines with major customer dependency. Indeed, we find that suppliers with more concentrated customer bases are less likely to experience restatements of previously audited financial statements, which suggests a positive link between audit quality and major customer dependency. Overall, our study contributes to research in accounting and operations management on inter organizational relationships by exploring the interplay of major customer dependency with client business risk and audit complexity. Taking the auditors' perspective, our study provides new managerial insights on the costs and benefits of major customer relationships for supplier firms a topic that is of growing interest among academics and practitioners.
An Incremental Graph Pattern Matching Based Dynamic Cold Start Recommendation Method
Venue: ICYCSEE

In order to give accurate recommendations for cold start user, researchers use social network to find similar users. These efforts assume that cold start user's social relationships are static. However social relationships of cold start user may change as time pass by. In order to give accurate and timely in manner recommendations for cold start user, it is need to update social relationship continuously. In this paper, we proposed an incremental graph pattern matching based dynamic cold start recommendation method (IGPMDCR) which updates similar users for cold start user based on topology of social network, and gives recommendations based on the latest similar users' records. The experimental results show that, IGPMDCR could give accurate and timely in manner recommendations for cold start user.
Russian hybrid warfare and extended deterrence in eastern Europe

Russia's use of force against Ukraine since early 2014 has prompted some observers to remark that it is engaging in 'hybrid warfare' This form of military statecraft has made other former Soviet republics, such as the Baltic countries, fear that Russia would use subversion rather than pursue a conventional military engagement against them. Despite this concern about Russian hybrid war, existing descriptions of this form of war suffer from conceptual weaknesses. In this article hybrid warfare is conceived as a strategy that marries conventional deterrence and insurgency tactics. That is, the belligerent uses insurgent tactics against its target while using its conventional military power to deter a strong military response. The article then outlines why some former Soviet republics are susceptible to Russian hybrid warfare, allowing it to postulate inductively the conditions under which hybrid warfare might be used in general. The analysis yields two policy implications. First, military solutions are not wholly appropriate against hybrid warfare since it exploits latent ethnic grievances and weak civil societies. Second, only under narrow circumstances would belligerents resort to hybrid warfare. Belligerents need to be revisionist and militarily stronger than their targets, but they also need to have ethnic or linguistic ties with the target society to leverage in waging hybrid warfare.
All Frames Created Equal are Not Identical: On the Structure of Kahneman and Tversky's Framing Effects

This paper revisits Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky's work on framing. It shows how various conventions involved in economic theory allow for the establishment of different equivalence relations between pairs of problems in framing experiments. Following on from this, an exegesis of their comments on these experiments is conducted. This concerns the relation between their theoretical explanation using prospect theory and the positive/normative distinction involved in models of individual behaviors. Throughout, a methodological framework is developed with a distinction between identity, equivalence and equality (borrowed from philosopher Craig Dilworth) for a critical analysis of the relation between external frames (the empirical structure of a decision problem) and internal frames (the psychological representation of the decision problem by decision makers)
Accelerating data queries on Hadoop framework by using compact data formats
Venue: 2016 IEEE 4th Workshop on Advances in Information, Electronic and Electrical Engineering (AIEEE)

There are massive amounts of data generated from IoT, online transactions, click streams, emails, logs, posts, social networking interactions, sensors, mobile phones and their applications etc. The question is where and how to store these data in order to provide faster data access. Understanding and handling Big Data is a big challenge. The research direction in Big Data projects using Hadoop Technology, MapReduce kind of framework and compact data formats such as RCFile, SequenceFile, ORC, Avro, Parquet shows that only two data formats (Avro and Parquet) support schema evolution and compression in order to utilize less storage space. In this paper, file formats like Avro and Parquet are compared with text formats to evaluate the performance of the data queries. Different data query patterns have been evaluated. Cloudera's open source Apache Hadoop distribution CDH 5.4 has been chosen for the experiments presented in this article. The results show that compact data formats (Avro and Parquet) take up less storage space when compared with plain text data formats because of binary data format and compression advantage. Furthermore data queries from the column based data format Parquet are faster when compared with text data formats and Avro.
Factors Affecting the Competencies and Project Delivery of Small Sized Indigenous Construction Firms in Lagos State

Every industry is prone to problems Performance is a general challenge affecting construction and most especially small sized indigenous construction companies. The study focused on determining the likely factors affecting the competencies and project delivery of small sized construction firms in Lagos. 60 questionnaires were designed and administered to professionals (15 Architects, 15 Builders, 15 Engineers, and 15 Quantity Surveyors) working in the construction companies in Lagos State and 48 questionnaires were retrieved. These questionnaires were analysed with SPSS and several findings were derived from this analysis. The various factors affecting the performance and project delivery at varying degrees are: high cost of plants, equipment, materials and labour, lack of skilled craftsmen, unavailability of funds, poor managerial skills, lack of government patronage, and poor communication among stakeholders. The study found out that the most prominent factors are poor managerial skills, lack of project planning and unavailability of funds. The main factors affecting the performance of small sized indigenous construction firms are based on three key elements namely time, quality and cost. These three elements when properly harnessed will increase the performance of small sized indigenous firms. The study recommended that the use of ICT would help improve performance by making work flow more easily. Access to bank loans and more machinery on site and sufficient government patronage would improve performance. It concluded that better management and project planning would go a long way in improving competencies and project delivery of small sized construction firms.
Mouse Models for Immune Mediated Platelet Destruction or Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP)
Venue: Current protocols in immunology

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a debilitating, life threatening autoimmune disorder affecting more than 4 in every 100,000 adults annually, stemming from the production of antiplatelet antibody resulting in accelerated platelet destruction and thrombocytopenia. Numerous animal models of ITP have been developed that contributed to the basic understanding of the underlying mechanisms of ITP onset, progression, and maintenance. Rodent models that develop ITP spontaneously, or by passive transfer of an antiplatelet sera or antibody, play an instrumental role in the investigation of ITP mechanisms responsible for the breakdown of tolerance in human ITP, in studies of the immunopathology underlying the progression of platelet destruction, and in elucidation of the mechanisms of therapeutic amelioration of ITP by existing and new therapeutic modalities. This unit captures the protocols for the implementation and readout of passive antibody transfer mouse models of ITP, established by the infusion of a commercially available monoclonal rat anti mouse CD41 platelet antibody.
Identify human personality parameters based on handwriting using neural network
Venue: 2016 Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (IRANOPEN)

The survey of person's handwriting and its parameters anatomy will lead the psychologists to investigate the psychological principles of behavior, temperament, character, personality and the nervous and social aspects of a person's brain. The human's handwritings in different psychological states including: anger, calm, happiness, excitement and different emotional states will show one's reaction or behavior at the same situations or same states. Analyzing one's handwriting is one of the scientific methods for evaluating and understanding one's personality. When a person's personality is analyzed, the effect of his personality or character on his/her handwriting is obvious and remarkable. The purpose of this method is to identify a person's personality through his/her handwriting. The literature shows that the identification and verification of human's identity from handwriting is common and relatively useful. Moreover, identification of one's identity from signature is more common. In this paper, in order to identify the character parameters in training stage, The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory was applied, and for identification of one's personality from his/her handwriting, a hidden Markov model and neural network (MLP) to perform classification was used so that MLP was used to identify those properties which are not related to the writer and a hidden Markov model was used to classify those properties which are related to the target writer. In this stage, in order to select the most similar image to the image of the input context, the image of input context after eliciting its property will be compared with all existing patterns in database. Finally the test output regarding the personality of the image of the target text which is recommended by the system will be introduced as the parameters of the output character.
Supporting Mathematics Instruction through Community.

rRaising expectations is nothing new. Every iteration of standards elevates the expectations for what students should know and be able to do. The Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM) is no exception, with standards for content and practice that move beyond memorization of traditional algorithms to "make sense of problems and persevere in solving them" (CCSSI 2010, p. 6) Additionally, Principles to Actions: Ensuring Mathematical Success for All Supporting Mathematics Instruction
Ensuring a Strong Start for All Children Inclusive Early Childhood Education and Care

This chapter highlights the importance of providing all children, and particularly those at risk, vulnerable children and children with disabilities, with opportunities for a quality inclusive Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) It first sets out the evidence that quality inclusive ECEC provision is essential for all children to develop their potential and lifelong learning competencies that will ensure their successful participation in school and adult life. It then describes the main international and European policies for inclusive ECEC. A more detailed account is given of the five key principles for action towards improving the quality of ECEC provision developed by the thematic working group of the European Commission (2014) 'Quality Framework for Early Education and Care' that are also very similar to those proposed by the OECD (2015) 'Starting Strong IV' The concluding section underlines the need to address more strongly the provision of enabling opportunities for accessibility to ECEC of children at risk of exclusion. More importantly, it highlights the need to research and improve not only these children's presence in ECEC but also their level and quality of active participation and engagement in the social and learning activities of early childhood inclusive provision. The chapter reflects the research and policy development work being undertaken by the European Agency for Special Needs and Inclusive Education in its (2015 2017) project on Inclusive Early Childhood Education (IECE) led by the present authors.
Triple band modified 90 degree Koch fractal H slot microstrip antenna
Venue: 2016 6th International Conference on Intelligent and Advanced Systems (ICIAS)

A tri band fractal structure for Agriculture, WLAN and GSM band applications is presented. The desired resonances are 0.915, 1.8 and 2.45 GHz. This antenna consists of a modified 90 degree Koch fractal resonator, two layer substrates which are separated by an air gap layer and then fed through the SMA port and finally simulated on RT/Duroid 5880. Fractal shapes have been used to have a multi band frequencies with a reduction in size. Furthermore, inductive and capacitive loadings have been applied though some stubs, gaps and two shorting posts to reduce the size. Thereafter, the equivalent circuit of the proposed antenna designed based on the literature. The uniqueness of the antenna is the miniaturized size (90 x 90 x 10mm3) compared to the first resonant frequency with high performance. The measured results performed on the performance of the proposed antenna, which has a good agreement with the simulation results.
ANALYSIS OF MOISTURE SENSOR BASED ON MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA: A REVIEW

The paper summarize that moisture sensor based on microstrip patch antenna. Microstrip patch sensors have become useful and widely used in every fields such as agricultures, industrials, food products, medicals communication etc. It have been more useful for detecting i.e. broken rice detection, Impurities detection in water, Soil moisture measurement, Rice Grain moisture, Rice quality detection, etc. The Moisture sensors have been used for detecting the soil moisture, cereals moisture, which is useful for human beings. It had been analyzed by CST software and for measuring by the vector network analyzer.
Demands or resources? The relationship between HR practices, employee engagement and emotional exhaustion within a hybrid model of employment relations

This article explores the ways in which employees may experience and respond to tensions inherent in the mix of potentially confl icting human resource (HR) practices that compose hybrid models of employment relations. By drawing on the job demands resources (JD R) literature and viewing HR practices as "demands" and "resources," we explore the impact of performance manage ment and employee voice practices on employee well being, as exemplifi ed by engagement and emotional exhaustion, in a large public sector organization in Ireland. Our fi ndings suggest that employee voice mechanisms may act as a resource in both enhancing engagement and in counterbalancing the demands presented by a performance management system, thus reducing the deleteri ous effects of emotional exhaustion. Our study extends understanding of hybrid models of human resource management (HRM) and of the ways in which employ ees manage the contradictory signals that such models may send in terms of performance expectations.