nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Exploring measurement invariance by gender in the profile of mood states depression subscale among cancer survivors
Venue: Quality of Life Research

PurposeThe Profile of Mood States Short Form (POMS SF) is a well validated tool commonly used in medical/clinical research. Less attention has been paid to the measurement invariance of the POMS the degree to which the structure and items behave similarly for different groups (e.g. women and men) This study investigated the measurement invariance of the POMS Depression subscale across gender groups in a sample of cancer survivors.MethodsThe POMS Depression subscale has 8 items (Unhappy, Sad, Blue, Hopeless, Discouraged, Miserable, Helpless, and Worthless) Invariance was measured using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis. This study used data from American Cancer Society Studies of Cancer Survivors II, a population based survey of adult cancer survivors (n 9170).ResultsWe found factor structures and factor loadings were invariant for gender groups, but moderate differential item functioning (DIF) in the question containing the word blue.ConclusionWith regard to cancer survivors' gender, we found the Depression subscale of the POMS SF had configural invariance, and partial metric and scalar invariance. This suggests that results should be interpreted with caution, especially when gender is considered important. More broadly, our finding suggests that questions with the word blue may introduce DIF into other measures of depressive mood. More research is needed to replicate these findings in other samples and with other instruments.
Sports participation as an investment in (subjective) health: a time series analysis of the life course.
Venue: Journal of public health

The causal relationship between sports participation, as physical activity, and subjective health is examined accounting for the London 2012 Olympic Games, which it was hoped would 'inspire a generation' by contributing to public health. Improvements to weaknesses in the literature are offered. First, stronger causal claims about the relationship between sports participation and health and second, the actual minutes and intensity of different measures of participation are used.  The rolling monthly survey design of the annually reported Taking Part Survey (TPS) is used to create time series data. This is analysed using a time series modelling strategy.  Increases in the level of subjective health requires accelerating sport participation, but no effect from the 2012 Olympics is revealed. Reductions in the level of health are brought about by increases in sports participation in early adulthood, although this gets reversed in middle age. However, a reduction in health re emerges for older males compared with females.  For the population as a whole, sport can contribute to health, with diminishing impact, but impacts vary across the life course and genders. Policy accounting for these variations is necessary. Policy aspirations that London 2012 would produce health benefits from increased sports participation are misplaced.
Measurement of the Liquid Level in the Fuel Tank of Rocket

In this paper we consider the problem of mathematical modeling of fluid flow in the vertical channel of fuel management system. The system has a vertical measuring channel with sensors inside the channel for fixing the free surface level of fluid in the channel. By lowering the level of fuel in the tank fuel level decreases in the channel. When the level of fuel in the channel reaches the sensor, the sensor activation occurs. Thus, the level of fuel in the channel determining fuel level in the tank. Fluid flow in the vertical measuring channel describes by non stationary equation of motion of parabolic type. For dynamic modeling used a viscous incompressible fluid. The fluid flow is called non stationary parabolic equation of motion for the cylindrical channel. We got an approximate solution of the problem by averaging the terms of the equation of motion for the channel radius. The solution of the differential equation is satisfied in the package Mathcad applications. Graphs of displacement and velocity of the free surface of fuel in the measuring channel are represented over time. Measurement error of liquid level in the fuel tank has been determined. It is proposed engineering solution to eliminate error of the fuel level measurement.
Applying a Multi Level Modeling Theory to Assess Taxonomic Hierarchies in Wikidata
Venue: WWW

Wikidata captures structured data on a number of subject domains, managing, among others, the information underlying Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects. Wikidata serves as a repository of structured data, whose purpose is to support the consistent sharing and linking of data on the Web. To support these purposes, it is key that Wikidata is built on consistent data models and representation schemas, which are constructed and managed in a collaborative platform. In this paper, we address the quality of taxonomic hierarchies in Wikidata. We focus on taxonomic hierarchies with entities at different classification levels (particular individuals, types of individuals, types of types of individuals, etc. We use an axiomatic theory for multi level modeling to analyze current Wikidata content, and identify a significant number of problematic classification and taxonomic statements. The problems seem to arise from an inadequate use of instantiation and subclassing in certain Wikidata hierarchies.
Business model disclosure in the Strategic Report: Entangling intellectual capital in value creation process

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate business model (BM) disclosure. As the BM shows how a company creates and captures value, its communication in the Annual Report is considered a necessary background for a dynamic analysis, interpretation, and evaluation of the intellectual capital (IC) contribution to a company's competitive advantage.  Focusing on a sample of listed UK companies operating in high technology industries, this paper runs a content analysis of BM disclosure presented in the Strategic Report (SR) To develop the analysis, it refers to an ontological approach that encompasses the main research contributions to this topic.  The analysis of SRs revealed that few companies use their BM disclosure to highlight the contribution of their IC to create and capture value. BM descriptions are not always clearly distinguishable from other strategic concepts and poorly illustrate the interactions among the BM components, which help understand how IC.
Role of Gut Microbiota in the Aetiology of Obesity: Proposed Mechanisms and Review of the Literature
Venue: Journal of obesity

The aetiology of obesity has been attributed to several factors (environmental, dietary, lifestyle, host, and genetic factors) however none of these fully explain the increase in the prevalence of obesity worldwide. Gut microbiota located at the interface of host and environment in the gut are a new area of research being explored to explain the excess accumulation of energy in obese individuals and may be a potential target for therapeutic manipulation to reduce host energy storage. Several mechanisms have been suggested to explain the role of gut microbiota in the aetiology of obesity such as short chain fatty acid production, stimulation of hormones, chronic low grade inflammation, lipoprotein and bile acid metabolism, and increased endocannabinoid receptor system tone. However, evidence from animal and human studies clearly indicates controversies in determining the cause or effect relationship between the gut microbiota and obesity. Metagenomics based studies indicate that functionality rather than the composition of gut microbiota may be important. Further mechanistic studies controlling for environmental and epigenetic factors are therefore required to help unravel obesity pathogenesis.
Accessorize to a Crime: Real and Stealthy Attacks on State of the Art Face Recognition
Venue: CCS

Machine learning is enabling a myriad innovations, including new algorithms for cancer diagnosis and self driving cars. The broad use of machine learning makes it important to understand the extent to which machine learning algorithms are subject to attack, particularly when used in applications where physical security or safety is at risk. In this paper, we focus on facial biometric systems, which are widely used in surveillance and access control. We define and investigate a novel class of attacks: attacks that are physically realizable and inconspicuous, and allow an attacker to evade recognition or impersonate another individual. We develop a systematic method to automatically generate such attacks, which are realized through printing a pair of eyeglass frames. When worn by the attacker whose image is supplied to a state of the art face recognition algorithm, the eyeglasses allow her to evade being recognized or to impersonate another individual. Our investigation focuses on white box face recognition systems, but we also demonstrate how similar techniques can be used in black box scenarios, as well as to avoid face detection.
Efecto Terapeutico de los Exosomas en el ACV Isquemico en Animales de Experimentacion

La posibilidad de que los exosomas funcionen como una nueva forma de comunicacion intercelular para establecer y mantener circuitos cerebrales esta comenzando a ser explorada. Los exosomas son liberados desde celulas e interactuan con otras celulas receptoras para mediar cambios fisiologicos. Todas las celulas cerebrales liberan exosomas incluyendo las celulas madre neuronales, las neuronas, astrocitos, microglia, oligodendrocitos y las celulas endoteliales. El objetivo de esta revision es reunir evidencia actualizada sobre las funciones de proteccion, antiinflamacion y regeneracion de los exosomas en el ataque cerebrovascular (ACV) isquemico en ratas. Se realizo una busqueda sistematica de la literatura sensible y especifica en base de datos Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, TRIP database, SciELO y LILACS con terminos libres y meSH. Los exosomas generados de CSMs pueden ser utilizados para el tratamiento del ACV. Los exosomas de oligodendrocitos tambien ejercen una variedad de efectos sobre las neuronas receptoras e influencian un amplio espectro de la fisiologia neuronal. En conjunto estos resultados sugieren que los exosomas de las CSMs mediados con miR 133b se transfieren a astrocitos y neuronas, las que regulan la expresion genica, beneficiando tanto la remodelacion de neuritas, como la recuperacion funcional despues de un ACV. Seria importante en el futuro desarrollar metodos para cuantificar y caracterizar los exosomas en el cerebro con isquemia. Esto permitiria correlacionar entre la cantidad de exosomas en el cerebro y la recuperacion funcional entregando informacion sobre sus mecanismos de accion
Brightness preserving and non parametric modified bi histogram equalization for image enhancement
Venue: 2016 12th International Conference on Natural Computation, Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (ICNC FSKD)

This paper presents a new image enhancement method by histogram equalization called Brightness Preserving and Non parametric Modified Bi histogram Equalization (BPNMBHE) Our method consists of three steps: (i) The input original image is divided into two sub images using the average intensity value. (ii) We use the histogram modification technique to maximize entropy and control over enhancement. (iii) Two sub images are enhanced by the traditional histogram equalization method independently and then are merged into one output enhanced image. The experimental results show that BPNMBHE is better than other contrast enhancement methods according to image subjective evaluation and various image objective evaluation measures, i.e. Entropy, PSNR, AMBE, and SSIM.
Colour image Enhancement using Background Brightness Preserving Histogram Equalization

Histogram Equalization (HE) is generally used to upgrade the image contrast yet it has a tendency to over enhance the image background brightness. BBHE (Bi Histogram Equalization) has broken down and proposed scientifically that it may be preserved original brightness to a certain limit. On the other hand, still cases are not handled well by the BBHE, as they are requiring preservation of higher degree. Particular paper has proposed novel augmentation of BBHE, which alluded to as the MMBEBHE (Minimum Mean Brightness Error Bi Histogram Equalization) to give maximum brightness preservation. BBHE isolates the input image's histogram into two in depend on input mean before leveling with them freely. Enhancement schemes have been presented with minimum defects of the conventional HE, yet the over enhance of the background brightness is still self evident. A novel methodology of nonlinear HE is displayed, which has the capacity to enhance the image contrast, while preserving the background brightness for images with very much characterized background brightness.
Polycation induced benzoperylene probe excimer formation and the ratiometric detection of heparin and heparinase.
Venue: Biosensors bioelectronics

A benzoperylene probe excimer emission in an aqueous buffer solution is observed for the first time, and a novel ratiometric fluorescence method based on the probe excimer emission for the sensitive detection of heparin and heparinase is demonstrated. A negatively charged benzoperylene derivative, 6 (benzo[ghi]perylene 1,2 dicarboxylic imide yl)hexanoic acid (BPDI) was employed. A polycation, poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (poly DDA) could induce aggregation of BPDI through noncovalent interactions. A decrease of BPDI monomer emission and a simultaneous increase of BPDI excimer emission were observed. Upon the addition of heparin, the strong binding between heparin and poly DDA caused release of BPDI monomer molecules, and an excimer monomer emission signal transition was detected. However, after the enzymatic hydrolysis of heparin by heparinase, heparin was hydrolyzed into small fragments, which weakened the competitive binding of heparin to poly DDA. Poly DDA induced aggregation of BPDI, and a monomer excimer emission signal transition was detected. Our assay is simple, rapid, inexpensive, sensitive and selective, which could facilitate the heparin and heparinase related biochemical and biomedical research.
Financing Entrepreneurial Experimentation
Venue: Innovation Policy and the Economy

The fundamental uncertainty of new technologies at their earliest stages implies that it is virtually impossible to know the true potential of a venture without learning about its viability through a sequence of investments over time. We show how this process of experimentation can be particularly valuable in the context of entrepreneurship because most new ventures fail completely, and only a few become extremely successful. We also shed light on important costs to this process of experimentation and demonstrate how these can fundamentally alter both the rate and direction of start up innovation across industries, regions, and periods of time.
Hemp for textiles plant size matters

Cannabis sativa L. day length sensitivity, fibre hemp, genotype, harvest time, plant density, plant weight, primary fibres, secondary fibres, sowing date, textiles. Westerhuis, W. (2016) Hemp for textiles: plant size matters, PhD thesis. Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands, 234 pp. With English and Dutch summaries. Fibre hemp (Cannabis sativa L. may be an alternative to cotton and synthetic fibres as a raw material for textile yarn production in the European Union. The agronomic options to manipulate plant development and crop growth with the aim to optimise hemp long fibre production were investigated. Field trials with factors sowing density, sowing date, harvest time and variety were conducted. Stems were traditionally processed by retting, drying, breaking, and scutching. Following standard protocols, almost 1500 hemp stem samples were analysed. Varieties differ widely in their fibre content, but this thesis shows that when variety and plant size are known, the amounts of fibres, wood, and retting losses are known. The dry weight of the stems at harvest, not the factors underlying this weight, are determinant. In retted stems the dry matter is split up into fibres and wood in a fixed way. The options to manipulate this ratio by crop management, given variety, are very small and for practical reasons they can be neglected. In fibre hemp two bast fibre types occur. Primary or long fibres are valuable for yarn spinning. Secondary fibres are too short and their presence hampers the production of fine yarns. This thesis shows that the secondary fibre front height increases with plant weight. Although a causal relationship between secondary fibre formation and flowering does not exist, the secondary fibre front is found higher in flowering plants when compared to non flowering plants of the same height. This is likely to be caused by the higher weight or momentum of flowering plants as compared with non flowering plants of the same height. Consequently, a harvest before flowering is preferable. This was shown in a greenhouse experiment, in which the short day response of hemp was used to create size ranges of flowering and non flowering plants. To produce high quality raw materials for textile production, short crops should be grown. The options to produce plants with the desired size are manifold. Since sowing density, sowing date, and harvest time do not have an additional effect on the primary fibre content besides the indirect effect through stem weight, any combination of these factors could be chosen to optimize plant size.
Effects of multimodal cues on children's perception of uncanniness in a social robot
Venue: ICMI

This paper investigates the influence of multimodal incongruent gender cues on the perception of a robot's uncanniness and gender in children. The back projected robot head Furhat was equipped with a female and male face texture and voice synthesizer and the voice and facial cues were tested in congruent and incongruent combinations. 106 children between the age of 8 and 13 participated in the study. Results show that multimodal incongruent cues do not trigger the feeling of uncanniness in children. These results are significant as they support other recent research showing that the perception of uncanniness cannot be triggered by a categorical ambiguity in the robot. In addition, we found that children rely on auditory cues much stronger than on the facial cues when assigning a gender to the robot if presented with incongruent cues. These findings have implications for the robot design, as it seems possible to change the gender of a robot by only changing its voice without creating a feeling of uncanniness in a child.
Sports Support System: Augmented Ball Game for Filling Gap between Player Skill Levels
Venue: ISS

In order to fill the gap between various levels of ball game players, we propose the Sports Support System that can reduce the difference among the skills of various players by augmenting the traditional ball game. We implemented a system that visualizes the trajectory and velocity of the ball for soccer games, as one example of ball games. This visualization and the enhancement of the player positions in the field can help beginner players recognize what they should do next and improve their playing skills. This paper introduces the proposed system and discusses, through a user study, its effectiveness for improving reaction speed and enhancing the pleasure of playing sports. Based on the experiment results, the proposed system contributes to reaction time improvements in passing and receiving the ball, i.e. one of the most important skills in playing soccer.
Visible light assisted heterogeneous Fenton with ZnFe2O4 for the degradation of Orange II in water

In this study, a visible (Vis) light response photocatalyst was synthesized via a simple reduction oxidation method. The structure, morphology and optical properties of the catalyst were well characterized. The absorption capability of ZnFe 2 O 4 in visible light region was demonstrated by the high rate of Orange II decolorization under Vis/ZnFe 2 O 4 /H 2 O 2 process. Guided by studies to explore the effects of radical scavengers and to quantify the yield of hydroxyl radical OH) production, OH on the surface of the catalyst was found to be the dominating reactive species for the Orange II removal. Moreover, ZnFe 2 O 4 maintained high activity, crystallinity and extremely low iron and zinc leaching during repeated experiments. The intermediate products were identified by GC MS and a possible pathway is accordingly proposed to elucidate the mechanism of Orange II degradation by OH. In addition, high extent of mineralization was obtained as the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiencies were 86.6% and 60.4% respectively, within 60 min reaction. The toxicity tests with activated sludge indicated that the toxicity of the solution increased during the first 30 min but then decreased significantly as the oxidation proceeded.
End of Life Management: Solar Photovoltaic Panels

Solar photovoltaic (PV) deployment has grown at unprecedented rates since the early 2000s. As the global PV market increases, so will the volume of decommissioned PV panels, and large amounts of annual waste are anticipated by the early 2030s. Growing PV panel waste presents a new environmental challenge, but also unprecedented opportunities to create value and pursue new economic avenues. This report, prepared jointly by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and the International Energy Agency Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme (IEA PVPS) is the first ever projection of PV panel waste volumes to 2050. It highlights that recycling or repurposing solar PV panels at the end of their roughly 30 year lifetime can unlock an estimated stock of 78 million tonnes of raw materials and other valuable components globally by 2050. If fully injected back into the economy, the value of the recovered material could exceed USD 15 billion by 2050. Sectors like PV recycling will be essential in the world's transition to a sustainable, economically viable and increasingly renewables based energy future. To unlock the benefits of such PV end of life industries, the institutional groundwork must be laid in time to meet the expected surge in panel waste. Policy action is needed to addressmore the challenges ahead, with enabling frameworks being adapted to the needs and circumstances of each region or country. less
Educacion 3.0 en Iberoamerica: principales objetos de analisis cientifico y beneficios sociopedagogicos Education 3.0 in Latin America: main objects of scientific analysis and their social pedagogical benefits

This article analyzes the progressive impact of ICT (Information and Communications Technology) on Latin American education; as a consequence of the world process of cultural, technological and media globalization, and the needs this generates in educational research. Its main objective is to determine what will be, via means of theoretical research methodology, the main objects and scope of educational technology study in the context of Education 3.0 and their relevant importance in the future. This new stage of historicalpedagogical development which new school and higher education structures are establishing will enhance the advantages that this new digital society. We argue, as main results, that the prime need should be to prioritize the scientific analysis of (a) the use of ICT and its student motivation ability; (b) new pedagogical models; and (c) the need for media education to create critical attitudes to the powerful influence of these technologies on society. These research