nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Immune responses to vaccines delivered by encapsulation into and/or adsorption onto cationic lipid PLGA hybrid nanoparticles.
Venue: Journal of controlled release official journal of the Controlled Release Society

In this study, we used cationic lipid poly(lactide co glycolide) acid (PLGA) hybrid nanoparticles as antigen delivery carriers to investigate how antigen loading methods affect antigen exposure to the immune system and evaluated the resulting antigen specific immune responses. We formulated three classes of antigen adsorbed and/or encapsulated cationic lipid PLGA hybrid nanoparticles; we designated antigen adsorbed (out) antigen encapsulated (in) and antigen adsorbed/encapsulated (both) nanoparticles. Our results demonstrate significantly more efficient lysosomal escape and cross presentation of antigen from dendritic cells (DCs) that were exposed to "both" and "in" nanoparticles. In vivo experiments further revealed that "both" nanoparticles significantly more effectively provided not only adequate initial antigen exposure but also long term antigen persistence at the injection site. Data from flow cytometry and ELISA analyses demonstrated elevated in vivo immune responses from mice that were immunized with nanoparticles delivered OVA when compared with free OVA. In addition, "in" and "both" nanoparticles elicited significantly higher antigen specific immune response than "out" nanoparticles and free OVA. These results suggest that the location of antigen entrapment is an important factor in modulating the immune responses of antigens delivered by nanoparticles. Overall, we propose here a promising approach for the future design of vaccines using cationic lipid PLGA nanoparticles.
A novel cationic lipid with intrinsic antitumor activity to facilitate gene therapy of TRAIL DNA.
Venue: Biomaterials

Metformin (dimethylbiguanide) has been found to be effective for the treatment of a wide range of cancer. Herein, a novel lipid (1,2 di (9Z octadecenoyl) 3 biguanide propane (DOBP) was elaborately designed by utilizing biguanide as the cationic head group. This novel cationic lipid was intended to act as a gene carrier with intrinsic antitumor activity. When compared with 1,2 di (9Z octadecenoyl) 3 trimethylammonium propane (DOTAP) a commercially available cationic lipid with a similar structure, the blank liposomes consisting of DOBP showed much more potent antitumor effects than DOTAP in human lung tumor xenografts, following an antitumor mechanism similar to metformin. Given its cationic head group, biguanide, DOBP could encapsulate TNF related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) plasmids into Lipid Protamine DNA (LPD) nanoparticles (NPs) for systemic gene delivery. DOBP LPD TRAIL NPs demonstrated distinct superiority in delaying tumor progression over DOTAP LPD TRAIL NPs, due to the intrinsic antitumor activity combined with TRAIL induced apoptosis in the tumor. These results indicate that DOBP could be used as a versatile and promising cationic lipid for improving the therapeutic index of gene therapy in cancer treatment.
Overcoming tumor resistance to cisplatin by cationic lipid assisted prodrug nanoparticles.
Venue: Biomaterials

Chemotherapy resistance has become a major challenge in the clinical treatment of lung cancer which is the leading cancer type for the estimated deaths. Recent studies have shown that nanoparticles as drug carriers can raise intracellular drug concentration by achieving effectively cellular uptake and rapid drug release, and therefore reverse the acquired chemoresistance of tumors. In this context, nanoparticles based chemotherapy represents a promising strategy for treating malignancies with chemoresistance. In the present study, we developed cationic lipid assisted nanoparticles (CLAN) to deliver polylactide cisplatin prodrugs to drug resistant lung cancer cells. The nanoparticles were formulated through self assembly of a biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol) block poly(lactide) (PEG PLA) a hydrophobic polylactide cisplatin prodrug, and a cationic lipid. The cationic nanoparticles were proven to significantly improve cell uptake of cisplatin, leading to an increased DNA Pt adduct and significantly promoted DNA damage in vitro. Moreover, our study reveals that cationic nanoparticles, although are slightly inferior in blood circulation and tumor accumulation, are more effective in blood vessel extravasation. The CLANs ultimately enhances the cellular drug availability and leads to the reversal of cisplatin resistance.
Interpreting Social Sexual Communication: Relational Framing Theory and Social Sexual Communication, Attraction, and Intent

Drawing from relational framing theory (RFT) this manuscript proposes that during social sexual communication, 3 primary social sexual frames guide the interpretation of communication and 4 primary relational outcomes are drawn from that interpretation. The factor structure of this model was explored in an undergraduate sample (Study 1, N 219) and confirmed in an online adult sample (Study 2, N 344) using written, photographic, and video stimuli. Hypotheses drawn from RFT were tested using the combined sample. The relevance of social sexual frames when interpreting text messages exchanged with potential partners was explored in Study 3 (N 107) Results suggest that 3 distinct frames (i.e. seductiveness, flirtatiousness, and friendliness) inform attraction (i.e. physical and social) and relationship (i.e. sexual and romantic) outcomes in courtship.
End to End Memory Networks with Knowledge Carryover for Multi Turn Spoken Language Understanding
Venue: INTERSPEECH

Spoken language understanding (SLU) is a core component of a spoken dialogue system. In the traditional architecture of dialogue systems, the SLU component treats each utterance independent of each other, and then the following components aggregate the multi turn information in the separate phases. However, there are two challenges: 1) errors from previous turns may be propagated and then degrade the performance of the current turn; 2) knowledge mentioned in the long history may not be carried into the current turn. This paper addresses the above issues by proposing an architecture using end to end memory networks to model knowledge carryover in multi turn conversations, where utterances encoded with intents and slots can be stored as embeddings in the memory and the decoding phase applies an attention model to leverage previously stored semantics for intent prediction and slot tagging simultaneously. The experiments on Microsoft Cortana conversational data show that the proposed memory network architecture can effectively extract salient semantics for modeling knowledge carryover in the multi turn conversations and outperform the results using the state of the art recurrent neural network framework (RNN) designed for single turn SLU.
Hashtag Recommendation Using End To End Memory Networks with Hierarchical Attention
Venue: COLING

On microblogging services, people usually use hashtags to mark microblogs, which have a specific theme or content, making them easier for users to find. Hence, how to automatically recommend hashtags for microblogs has received much attention in recent years. Previous deep neural network based hashtag recommendation approaches converted the task into a multi class classification problem. However, most of these methods only took the microblog itself into consideration. Motivated by the intuition that the history of users should impact the recommendation procedure, in this work, we extend end to end memory networks to perform this task. We incorporate the histories of users into the external memory and introduce a hierarchical attention mechanism to select more appropriate histories. To train and evaluate the proposed method, we also construct a dataset based on microblogs collected from Twitter. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods can significantly outperform state of the art methods. By incorporating the hierarchical attention mechanism, the relative improvement in the proposed method over the state of the art method is around 67.9% in the F1 score.
Attribute based design perceptions and consumer brand relationship: Role of user expertise

Why do consumers love certain brands but not some others? A major reason is the design of products made by such brands and the quality of experience. By developing a measure of product design perception as well as resultant experience, this work explores how design can be a pertinent source of strong consumer brand relationship, operationalized as consumer based brand equity. Literature of product design, though very rich, is still anchored to the utilitarian hedonic value derived paradigms, with little attribute oriented design measurement efforts, a gap this work attempts to fill. Additionally, a multi dimensional scale is developed for an exhaustive operationalization of a product's design. A rigorous scale development process reveals five design perception dimensions, namely visual, functional, kinesthetic, interface, and information. Strong relationship between design perception, user experience and brand equity is observed providing strong advisory to designers and managers to focus on innovative experiential designs for a stronger consumer equity.
Open source FreeRTOS as a case study in real time operating system evolution
Venue: J. Syst. Softw.

Propose qualitative and quantitate benchmark suit for RTOS test.Perform performance tests and behavior tests to character FreeRTOS evolution process.Draw conclusions related to FreeRTOS's evolution which can be useful for the FreeRTOS group, other RTOS developments, and RTOS users. This paper studies the evolution of a real time operating system, the open source FreeRTOS. We focus on the changes in real time performance and behaviour over the last ten years. Six major release versions are benchmarked, presenting quantitative and qualitative development trends. We also use the available source code to discover the reasons for the changes. By analysing the results, we draw some conclusions related to this RTOS's evolution which can be useful for the FreeRTOS group, other RTOS developments, and also RTOS users.
Simulative governance: on the collaborative narrative of civil society participation in the CDM stakeholder framework

The Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is often cited as an exemplar of new, hybrid forms of global environmental governance operating at the public private interface. Practically, enacting this arrangement involves a wide range of non state actors. This broad involvement is here assumed to mark a shift towards more polycentric and networked modes of governance in which agents collaborate as 'stakeholders' in the process of consensual rule setting and implementation. Using post political critique, the depoliticising effects of the stakeholder framework on civil society actors are interrogated, using formal and informal participation opportunities to raise concerns regarding specific CDM projects. The analysis suggests that the CDM's collaborative narrative of stakeholding structurally fails to stimulate public (re)engagement and is, instead, a prime example of simulative governance that struggles to achieve the simultaneity of two incompatibilities: the participatory revolution and the post political turn.
A multi stakeholder framework for urban runoff quality management: Application of social choice and bargaining techniques.
Venue: The Science of the total environment

In this paper, an integrated framework is proposed for urban runoff management. To control and improve runoff quality and quantity, Low Impact Development (LID) practices are utilized. In order to determine the LIDs' areas and locations, the Non dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA II) which considers three objective functions of minimizing runoff volume, runoff pollution and implementation cost of LIDs, is utilized. In this framework, the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) is used for stream flow simulation. The non dominated solutions provided by the NSGA II are considered as management scenarios. To select the most preferred scenario, interactions among the main stakeholders in the study area with conflicting utilities are incorporated by utilizing bargaining models including a non cooperative game, Nash model and social choice procedures of Borda count and approval voting. Moreover, a new social choice procedure, named pairwise voting method, is proposed and applied. Based on each conflict resolution approach, a scenario is identified as the ideal solution providing the LIDs' areas, locations and implementation cost. The proposed framework is applied for urban water quality and quantity management in the northern part of Tehran metropolitan city, Iran. Results show that the proposed pairwise voting method tends to select a scenario with a higher percentage of reduction in TSS (Total Suspended Solid) load and runoff volume, in comparison with the Borda count and approval voting methods. Besides, the Nash method presents a management scenario with the highest cost for LIDs' implementation and the maximum values for percentage of runoff volume reduction and TSS removal. The results also signify that selection of an appropriate management scenario by stakeholders in the study area depends on the available financial resources and the relative importance of runoff quality improvement in comparison with reducing the runoff volume.
Three Decades of Research on Motivational Intensity Theory: What We Have Learned About Effort and What We Still Don't Know

Brehm's motivational intensity theory has been a fruitful conceptual framework for research on effort during the last three decades. Researchers have used the theory to address various effort related phenomena, like the impact of ability, affect, and fatigue on effort mobilization. In this chapter, we provide an overview of development in the last 10 years focusing on research that has addressed (1) the energy conservation principle, (2) ability and fatigue effects, and (3) the impact of mood, dysphoria, and primed affect. We point out that most of the research has supported the predictions of the theory and its extensions and applications. However, we also elaborate on empirical findings that do not fit the theory and discuss open questions that need to be addressed in future research.
High tech meets high touch in upscale hotels

This paper presents an analysis of the impact of current technologies on customer experiences in upscale hotels and assesses the potential of the latest technologies for enhancing customers' stay.  A two step approach was applied in this study. The qualitative phase included an examination of upscale hotel websites, interviews with hotel managers and an internet search regarding the latest technological innovations in hotels. In the quantitative stage, a questionnaire was developed for hotel guests, generating a sample of 310 valid completed questionnaires.  The results reveal that hotel guests value digital involvement in their hotel experience. Moreover, business travellers and younger generations give greater importance to latest technologies.  This study analyses the most innovative technologies, providing guidance for hoteliers wishing to upgrade or implement new technologies. Based on the findings, hoteliers can achieve greater differentiation by offering the most important and latest technology to guests, enhancing their experience and attracting new customers, which can potentially lead to increased revenues. The study's results are also important because they include the perceptions of both managers and customers.
High pressure study of the basal plane anisotropy of the upper critical field of the topological superconductor Sr x Bi 2 Se 3

We report a high pressure transport study of the upper critical field Bc2(T) of the topological superconductor Sr0.15Bi2Se3 (Tc=3.0 K) Bc2(T) was measured for magnetic fields directed along two orthogonal directions, a and a* in the trigonal basal plane. While superconductivity is rapidly suppressed at the critical pressure pc~3.5 GPa, the pronounced two fold basal plane anisotropy Bac2/Ba*c2=3.2 at T=0.3 K, recently reported at ambient pressure [Pan et al. Sci. Rep. 6 28632 (2016) is reinforced and attains a value of ~5 at the highest pressure (2.2 GPa) The data reveal that the unconventional superconducting state with broken rotational symmetry is robust under pressure.
Evidence based clinical practice guidelines for peptic ulcer disease 2015
Venue: Journal of Gastroenterology

The Japanese Society of Gastroenterology (JSGE) revised the evidence based clinical practice guidelines for peptic ulcer disease in 2014 and has created an English version. The revised guidelines consist of seven items: bleeding gastric and duodenal ulcers, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication therapy, non eradication therapy, drug induced ulcer, non H. pylori, non nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drug (NSAID) ulcer, surgical treatment, and conservative therapy for perforation and stenosis. Ninety clinical questions (CQs) were developed, and a literature search was performed for the CQs using the Medline, Cochrane, and Igaku Chuo Zasshi databases between 1983 and June 2012. The guideline was developed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Therapy is initially provided for ulcer complications. Perforation or stenosis is treated with surgery or conservatively. Ulcer bleeding is first treated by endoscopic hemostasis. If it fails, surgery or interventional radiology is chosen. Second, medical therapy is provided. In cases of NSAID related ulcers, use of NSAIDs is stopped, and anti ulcer therapy is provided. If NSAID use must continue, the ulcer is treated with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or prostaglandin analog. In cases with no NSAID use, H. pylori positive patients receive eradication and anti ulcer therapy. If first line eradication therapy fails, second line therapy is given. In cases of non H. pylori, non NSAID ulcers or H. pylori positive patients with no indication for eradication therapy, non eradication therapy is provided. The first choice is PPI therapy, and the second choice is histamine 2 receptor antagonist therapy. After initial therapy, maintenance therapy is provided to prevent ulcer relapse.
Management of NSAID associated peptic ulcer disease
Venue: Expert review of gastroenterology hepatology

Non steroidal anti inflammatory drug (NSAID) use increases the risk of gastrointestinal complications such as ulcers or bleeding. The presence of factors like advanced age, history of peptic ulcer, Helicobacter pylori infection and the use of anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents increase this risk further. COX 2 inhibitors and antisecretory drugs, particularly proton pump inhibitors, help to minimize the risk of gastrointestinal complications in high risk patients. This review presents a practical approach to the prevention and treatment of NSAID associated peptic ulcer disease and examines the new advances in the rational use of NSAIDs.
[Nonsteroidal Anti inflammatory Drug and Aspirin induced Peptic Ulcer Disease]
Venue: The Korean journal of gastroenterology Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi

Despite decreasing Helicobacter pylori prevalence, the prevalence of peptic ulcer disease is increasing in the aged population, mainly due to increasing use of NSAIDs to manage pain and inflammation. In addition, low dose aspirin is employed as an anti coagulant for those who have suffered or are at high risk of ischemic stroke and cardiovascular disease. However, NSAIDs and aspirin are injurious to mucosa of stomach and duodenum. NSAID induced inhibition of mucosal prostaglandin synthesis is thought to be a major mechanism of gastrointestinal mucosal injury. The proportion of elderly has increased rapidly in Korea, with the proportion over 65 years old expected to be 24.3% in 2030. In this higher risk population, the strategy to reduce the incidence of NSAID related peptic ulcers and complications such as bleeding, obstruction and perforation is very important. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor can be used for reducing the risk of NSAID related ulcers and upper gastrointestinal (GI) complications. However, continuous use of PPI has several problems. In addition, NSAID related problems in the lower GI tract have increased, in contrast to the decrease of NSAID related upper GI disease. The aim of this review is to provide an evidence based knowledge regarding the mechanism, complications of treatment, and prevention strategies for NSAID or aspirin related peptic ulcer disease in Korea.
Centralized to Decentralized Social Networks: Factors that Matter

This work covers the research work on decentralization of Online Social Networks (OSNs) issues with centralized design are studied with possible decentralized solutions. Centralized architecture is prone to privacy breach, p2p architecture for data and thus authority decentralization with encryption seems a possible solution. OSNs' users grow exponentially causing scalability issue, a natural solution is decentralization where users bring resources with them via personal machines or paid services. Also centralized services are not available unremittingly, to this end decentralization proposes replication. Decentralized solutions are also proposed for reliability issues arising in centralized systems and the potential threat of a central authority. Yet key to all problems isn't found, metadata may be enough for inferences about data and network traffic flow can lead to information on users' relationships. First issue can be mitigated by data padding or splitting in uniform blocks. Caching, dummy traffic or routing through a mix of nodes can be some possible solutions to the second. Centralized to Decentralized Social Networks: Factors that Matter
Discriminant validity testing in marketing: an analysis, causes for concern, and proposed remedies

The results of this research suggest a new mandate for discriminant validity testing in marketing. Specifically, the authors demonstrate that the AVE SV comparison (Fornell and Larcker 1981) and HTMT ratio (Henseler et al. 2015) with 0.85 cutoff provide the best assessment of discriminant validity and should be the standard for publication in marketing. These conclusions are based on a thorough assessment of the literature and the results of a Monte Carlo simulation. First, based on a content analysis of articles published in seven leading marketing journals from 1996 to 2012, the authors demonstrate that three tests the constrained phi (Joreskog 1971) AVE SV (Fornell and Larcker 1981) and overlapping confidence intervals (Anderson and Gerbing 1988) are by far most common. Further review reveals that (1) more than 20% of survey based and over 80% of non survey based marketing studies fail to document tests for discriminant validity, (2) there is wide variance across journals and research streams in terms of whether discriminant validity tests are performed, (3) conclusions have already been drawn about the relative stringency of the three most common methods, and (4) the method that is generally perceived to be most generous is being consistently misapplied in a way that erodes its stringency. Second, a Monte Carlo simulation is conducted to assess the relative rigor of the three most common tests, as well as an emerging technique (HTMT) Results reveal that (1) on average, the four discriminant validity testing methods detect violations approximately 50% of the time, (2) the constrained phi and overlapping confidence interval approaches perform very poorly in detecting violations whereas the AVE SV test and HTMT (with a ratio cutoff of 0.85) methods perform well, and (3) the HTMT.85 method offers the best balance between high detection and low arbitrary violation (i.e. false positive) rates.