nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Categorizing and Recommending API Usage Patterns Based on Degree Centralities and Pattern Distances
Venue: 2016 International Computer Symposium (ICS)

Although efforts have been made on discovering and searching API usage patterns, how to categorize and recommend follow up API usage patterns is still largely unexplored. This paper advances the state of the art by proposing two methods for categorizing and recommending API usage patterns: first, categories of the usage patterns are automatically identified based on a proposed degree centrality based clustering algorithm, and second, follow up usage patterns of an adopted pattern are recommended based on a proposed metric of measuring distances between patterns. In the experimental evaluations, the patterns categorization can achieve 85.4% precision rate with 83% recall rate. The patterns recommendation had approximately half a chance of correctly predicting the follow up patterns that were actually used by the programmers.
Association Between Meat and Meat Alternative Consumption and Iron Stores in Early Childhood.
Venue: Academic pediatrics

To prevent iron deficiency, 2014 Canadian recommendations for healthy term infants from 6 to 24 months recommend iron rich complementary foods such as meat and meat alternatives 2 or more times a day. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the association between meat and meat alternative consumption and iron status in young children and the association between red meat consumption and iron status among children meeting recommendations.  Healthy children aged 12 to 36 months were recruited. A cross sectional study was conducted. Meat and meat alternative consumption was measured using the NutriSTEP questionnaire. Adjusted multivariable regression analyses were used to evaluate an association between meat consumption and serum ferritin, and iron deficiency (serum ferritin <14 mg/L)  A total of 1043 children were included. Seventy three percent of children met the recommended daily intake of meat and meat alternatives, and 66% ate red meat in the past 3 days. Eating meat and meat alternatives was not associated with serum ferritin (0.13 mg/L, 95% confidence interval 0.05, 0.31, P .16) but it was associated with a decreased odds of iron deficiency (odds ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.94, 0.99, P .03) Associations between red meat consumption and iron status were not statistically significant. Statistically significant covariates associated with increased odds of iron deficiency included longer breast feeding duration, daily cow's milk intake of >2 cups, and a higher body mass index z score.  Daily cow's milk intake of >2 cups, longer breast feeding duration, and a higher body mass index z score were modifiable risk factors associated with iron deficiency. Eating meat according to recommendations may be a promising additional target for the prevention of iron deficiency in early childhood.
Indigenous Arabs are descendants of the earliest split from ancient Eurasian populations.
Venue: Genome research

An open question in the history of human migration is the identity of the earliest Eurasian populations that have left contemporary descendants. The Arabian Peninsula was the initial site of the out of Africa migrations that occurred between 125,000 and 60,000 yr ago, leading to the hypothesis that the first Eurasian populations were established on the Peninsula and that contemporary indigenous Arabs are direct descendants of these ancient peoples. To assess this hypothesis, we sequenced the entire genomes of 104 unrelated natives of the Arabian Peninsula at high coverage, including 56 of indigenous Arab ancestry. The indigenous Arab genomes defined a cluster distinct from other ancestral groups, and these genomes showed clear hallmarks of an ancient out of Africa bottleneck. Similar to other Middle Eastern populations, the indigenous Arabs had higher levels of Neanderthal admixture compared to Africans but had lower levels than Europeans and Asians. These levels of Neanderthal admixture are consistent with an early divergence of Arab ancestors after the out of Africa bottleneck but before the major Neanderthal admixture events in Europe and other regions of Eurasia. When compared to worldwide populations sampled in the 1000 Genomes Project, although the indigenous Arabs had a signal of admixture with Europeans, they clustered in a basal, outgroup position to all 1000 Genomes non Africans when considering pairwise similarity across the entire genome. These results place indigenous Arabs as the most distant relatives of all other contemporary non Africans and identify these people as direct descendants of the first Eurasian populations established by the out of Africa migrations.
The Arabs In History

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Predicting Support for Arabs' Autonomy from Social Dominance: The Role of Identity Complexity and Dehumanization

The present study extends previous research on the influence of social dominance orientation (SDO) in international affairs by investigating the role of sociocognitive processes such as social identity complexity (SIC) and intergroup dehumanization in explaining the relationship between SDO and support for Arabs' autonomy. An Italian heterogeneous sample (N 123) in terms of gender, age, political orientation, religiosity, and income level, was considered. We expected that those low on SDO would be more likely to support Arabs' autonomy, would have higher SIC, and would be less likely to dehumanize Arabs. We also expected that SIC and dehumanization would sequentially mediate the relationship between SDO and support for Arabs' autonomy. Results revealed that Italians low on SDO have higher SIC (i.e. a more inclusive social identity) which endorses lower dehumanization of Arabs. This in turn explained the influence of SDO on support for Arabs' autonomy. These findings integrate the literature about SDO and SIC and enhance the understanding of the sociocognitive processes underlying people's support for international egalitarian movements.
Transfer learning of a convolutional neural network for HEp 2 cell image classification
Venue: 2016 IEEE 13th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI)

The recognition of the staining patterns of Human Epithelial 2 (HEp 2) cells in indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) images is essential for the diagnosis of several autoimmune diseases. The main challenge is the extraction and selection of the optimal feature set that not only represents the cells' characteristics, but also distinguishes between the classes of cell images with similar appearances. In this paper, we propose a system to classify HEp 2 cell images by applying transfer learning from a pre trained deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract the generic features and then using a feature selection method to get the most relevant features for classification. Although the CNN was trained with a dataset very different from cell images, our system is capable of extracting important semantic features that represent a HEp 2 cell image. When evaluated on the ICPR2012 cell dataset, our method outperforms all other methods on the dataset of the 2012 competition, and demonstrates stable performance under different test protocols.
The Brief Student Teacher Classroom Interaction Observation

Measures that can be used to identify malleable, dynamic indicators of teacher practices that lead to or are associated with student outcomes are needed to inform classroom interventions and consultation practices with teachers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and validate the Brief Student Teacher Classroom Interaction Observation in elementary classrooms (Grades K 3) A universal sample of 896 students was observed during classroom instruction. The measure was utilized to gather information on how teachers interacted with students with regard to their use of positive versus negative feedback during a 5 min window at the start of the school year. Findings indicate that students who received more negative feedback than positive feedback from their teacher were rated at the end of the year as having a significant increase in problems with emotion regulation, concentration problems, and observed disruptive behavior, whereas students who received more positive feedback demonstrated significant increases in prosocial behaviors. Implications for how this brief 5 min observation can be used to inform teacher practice and identify students at the start of the year in need of additional supports are discussed.
Recognition or Disagreement: A Critical Encounter on the Politics of Freedom, Equality, and Identity

Etienne Balibar, Jacques Ranciere and Axel Honneth are representative figures of a generation of political theorists who stand under the shooting star of May 1968, the high season of insurrectionary politics in the last half century. The books under review offer a welcome opportunity to consider the lessons they draw from this event and its aftermath at the twilight of their careers. However, taken as a whole these books also reveal the limits of this style of radical democratic theory that only in a very approximate way has registered
What is Ethical Competence? The Role of Empathy, Personal Values, and the Five Factor Model of Personality in Ethical Decision Making

The objective of the present research was two fold: (1) to provide a new definition of ethical competence, and (2) to clarify the influence of empathy, personal values, and the five factor model of personality on ethical competence. The present research provides a comprehensive overview about recent approaches and empirically explores the interconnections of these constructs. 366 German undergraduate students were examined in a cross sectional study that investigated the relationship of empathy, personal values, and the five factor model of personality with moral judgment competence and counterproductive work behavior as indicators of moral judgment and behavior. We found self transcendence values to be related to both, high levels of empathy and ethical competence, in contrast to self enhancement values. Multiple mediation analysis revealed unique effects of empathy on ethical competence through values as mediators. Affective (but not cognitive) empathy transmitted its effect on ethical competence through benevolence, conformity, tradition, power, and hedonism. Most importantly, perspective taking lost its predictive power when investigated alongside affective empathy dimensions. These results converge to an important role of affective empathy, in particular empathic concern, with regard to personal values and ethical competence. Furthermore, the five factor model of personality explained variance in measures of ethical competence. Our research suggests that organizational decision makers should consider the role of empathy, personal values, and the five factor model in their human resource management in order to select employees with high ethical competence.
Assistive Technology Accessibility and Abandonment: Challenges for Occupational Therapists

Follow this and additional works at: http:/scholarworks.wmich.edu/ojot Part of the Occupational Therapy Commons, and the Orthotics and Prosthetics Commons Copyright transfer agreements are not obtained by The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy (OJOT) Reprint permission for this article should be obtained from the corresponding author(s) Click here to view our open access statement regarding user rights and distribution of this article.
Impact of micro and macro scale consistent flows on well performance in fractured shale gas reservoirs

Shale gas revolution comes from the skillful combination of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing technology that can create a fractured gas reservoir for gas production. The well performance in the fractured shale gas reservoir is significantly impacted by the complicated gas flow regimes in both fracture network and shale matrix. The consistency between the macro flow in fracture network and the micro flow in shale matrix determines the gas production curve, thus being a key issue to gas well design. This paper proposes a numerical model to investigate the impact of micro and macro scale consistent gas flows on well performance in fractured shale gas reservoirs. In this numerical model, the macro scale gas flow follows the Darcy law in the fracture network and the micro flow in the shale matrix is described by a diffusion controlled gas transport model. Two apparent diffusion coefficients or models are then obtained. They incorporate viscous flow with slip boundary, molecular diffusion (i.e. molecular self diffusion) Knudsen diffusion, and surface diffusion in the adsorption layer. The performances of these two diffusion models for the gas transport within shale matrix are investigated and compared with two apparent permeability models proposed by Singh and Javadpour (2013) and Darabi et al. (2012) Furthermore, the pressure dependent anisotropy of fracture permeability and compressibility is incorporated into the numerical model. This numerical model is verified by an analytical solution and history matching for a Barnett shale gas well. Finally, a fractured gas reservoir with different scenarios is numerically simulated and the shapes of production curves are analyzed through parametric study. It is found that the enhancement of gas recovery efficiency and the life of a shale gas well can be effectively designed if the consistency of micro and macro flows can be well designed.
Effect of different fat replacers and drying methods on thermal behaviour, morphology and sensory attributes of reduced fat coffee creamer

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different fat replacers (i.e. inulin, 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5% w/w; maltodextrin, 0, 15, 20 and 25% w/w) and agglomeration process on the characteristics of the reduced fat coffee creamer. In the current work, the partial replacement of the hydrogenated fat with inulin and maltodextrin led to provide the reduced fat creamer with desirable characteristics as compared to a commercial creamer. In this study, the creamer containing 25% maltodextrin and 7.5% inulin showed the highest glass transition temperature (Tg) and the lowest stickiness and moisture content among all formulated creamers. All instant creamers from two stage drying (spray drying followed by fluidized bed drying) had lower moisture content, bulk density, and stickiness as well as higher glass transition temperature (Tg) than the regular creamer from the one stage spray drying only. This might confirm the significant positive impact of fluidized bed drying on the physicochemical properties and functional characteristics of the reduced fat creamer. The sensory analysis revealed that the partial replacement of fat with 25% maltodextrin and 7.5% inulin resulted in the most acceptable instant coffee creamer comparable with the commercial product.
Improvement of Glass Transition and Flowability of Reduced Fat Coffee Creamer: Effect of Fat Replacer and Fluidized Bed Drying
Venue: Food and Bioprocess Technology

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of inulin (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 maltodextrin (0, 15, 20, and 25 and different drying processes (one and two stage drying) on the morphology and physicochemical properties of regular and instant reduced fat creamers. The present study showed that the drum dried creamer containing 0 maltodextrin and 0 inulin was fully sticky powder with dark brown color. It was found that the maximum increase in maltodextrin (from 0 to 25 and inulin (from 0 to 7.5 resulted in the creamer with the highest glass transition temperature and the lowest stickiness among all formulated creamers. The application of two stage drying involving fluidized bed drying resulted in further improvement of the glass transition temperature and stickiness of the reduced fat instant creamer. The instant creamers obtained from two stage drying had considerably higher glass transition temperature and lower bulk density than the regular creamers from one stage drying. Such improvement could be due to the reduction of bulk density induced by fluidized bed drying. This might be because of higher porosity of the creamer particles after agglomeration. The current study revealed that the addition of high amounts of inulin and maltodextrin also played a significant role in the reduction of bulk density and further improvement of glass transition temperature (Tg) and solubility of the reduced fat creamer. The instant reduced fat creamer containing 25 maltodextrin and 7.5 inulin had the most desirable characteristics among all formulated creamers.
Effect of ultrafiltered milk permeate and non dairy creamer powder concentration on low phenylalanine yoghurt's physicochemical properties during storage
Venue: Journal of Food Science and Technology

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder that has no cure and all patients with this disorder must adhere to a special diet to prevent the onset of symptoms and mental retardation in children. In this study, analog yoghurt with good and acceptable nutrition benefit for PKU patients was produced. Accordingly, ultrafiltered milk permeate was added at two different concentrations of 4 and 5 w/w and non dairy creamer at two different concentrations of 1.5 and 2 w/w Subsequently, pH, acidity, protein, fat, dry matter, humidity, syneresis and Phe of the yogurts were determined. Protein content, dry matter, pH, acidity and Phe in the analog yogurt with 5 permeate and 2 non dairy creamer were higher than other yoghurt samples, significantly (P 0.05) During the storage, pH and syneresis of samples reduced, while acidity significantly increased. Phe content of analog yoghurt was low (274 mg/kg)
Bioindicacion de la Calidad del Agua del Rio Subachoque Mediante el Uso de Macroinvertebrados Acuaticos y Parametros Fisicoquimicos como una Integracion Espacial y Temporal

La utilizacion de macroinvertebrados acuaticos en conjunto con parametros fisicoquimicos para evaluar la calidad del agua en fuentes hidricas, es ampliamente utilizada en el mundo, no obstante en Colombia ha venido implementandose de manera significativa. Esta razon motivo a la realizacion del presente estudio con el fin de evaluar la calidad del agua en el rio Subachoque, el cual se encuentra localizado en el Nororiente del departamento de Cundinamarca. Se analizaron las diferentes variables fisicoquimicas y su relacion con las variables biologicas, como la riqueza, abundancia y tolerancia, las cuales representan comportamientos puntuales y temporales a traves del tiempo. Se realizaron ocho muestreos en el sitio de estudio de manera que se pudiese obtener una gran riqueza de macroinvertebrados, con ello se logro la recoleccion de 2411 organismos distribuidos en 22 familias y 24 generos, presentando el punto tres la mayor cantidad. Los resultados de los indices BMWP y ASTP muestran que se presentan aguas ligeramente contaminadas en el punto 2, moderadamente contaminadas en los puntos 1a y 3, y muy contaminadas en el punto 1; por su parte los indices de biodiversidad muestran los valores mas altos de riqueza, abundancia y dominancia en el punto 2, y los valores mas bajos de riqueza y dominancia se presentan en el punto 1 (Nacimiento)
Feature extraction and optimized support vector machine for severity fault diagnosis in ball bearing

In this paper, a method for severity fault diagnosis of ball bearings is presented. The method is based on wavelet packet transform (WPT) statistical parameters, principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM) The key to bearing faults diagnosis is features extraction. Hence, the proposed technique consists of preprocessing the bearing fault vibration signal using statistical parameters and energy obtained through the application of Db8 WPT at the third level of decomposition. After feature extraction from vibration signal, PCA is employed for dimensionality reduction. Finally, particle swarm optimization with passive congregation based support vector machine is used to classify seven kinds of bearing faults. The classification results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method for severity faults diagnosis in ball bearings.
Multi fault diagnosis for rolling element bearings based on intrinsic mode function screening and optimized least squares support vector machine

Multi fault diagnosis of rolling element bearing is significant to avoid serious accidents and huge economic losses effectively. However, due to the vibration signal with the character of nonstationarity and nonlinearity, the detection, extraction and classification of the fault feature turn into a challenging task. This paper presents a novel method based on redundant second generation wavelet packet transform (RSGWPT) ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and optimized least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) for fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings. Firstly, this method implements an analysis combining RSGWPT EEMD to extract the crucial characteristics from the measured signal to identify the running state of rolling element bearings, the vibration signal is adaptively decomposed into a number of modified intrinsic mode functions (modified IMFs) by two step screening processes based on the energy ratio; secondly, the matrix is formed by different level modified IMFs and singular value decomposition (SVD) is used to decompose the matrix to obtain singular value as eigenvector; finally, singular values are input to LSSVM optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO) in the feature space to specify the fault type. The effectiveness of the proposed multi fault diagnosis technique is demonstrated by applying it to both simulated signals and practical bearing vibration signals under different conditions. The results show that the proposed method is effective for the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings.
Mexican American perspectives on participation in clinical trials: A qualitative study
Venue: Contemporary clinical trials communications

Clinical trials are essential to advancing knowledge to reduce disease morbidity and mortality; however, ethnic and racial minorities remain under represented in those studies. We explored knowledge and perceptions of clinical trials among Mexican Americans in Texas. We conducted focus groups (N 128) stratified by gender, language preference, and geographical location. This paper presents four emergent, primary themes: 1) knowledge and understanding of clinical trials, 2) fears and concerns about participating, 3) perceived benefits of participating, and 4) incentives to participate. Results suggest that lack of knowledge and understanding of clinical trials leads to misunderstanding about research, including fears and lack of trust. Participants indicated that fears related to perceived experimentation, harm, immigration status, and lack of clinical trial opportunities within their communities were barriers to participation. On the other hand, free healthcare access, helping family members in the future, and monetary incentives could facilitate participation. We also found differences across themes by language, gender, and place of residence. Findings from our study could inform the development of interventions to enhance recruitment of Mexican American participants into clinical trials.