nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Broadcasting Free Viewpoint Television Over Long Term Evolution Networks
Venue: IEEE Systems Journal

Recent advances in mobile device technology, cellular networks, and multimedia coding have paved the way for a wide range of innovative multimedia services that can be delivered to mobile users. An interesting application is free viewpoint television (FTV) which allows the viewer to interactively select the scene viewing angle. Conveying this service over cellular networks is very challenging due to the large bandwidth requirements and limitations in computational power, memory, and battery resources on mobile terminals. Moreover, providing FTV over mobile systems necessitates new means for quality evaluation, which consider cellular network parameters. To address these challenges, we propose a scalable FTV broadcast architecture for long term evolution cellular networks. To alleviate complex processing on mobile receivers, depth maps are estimated in the cloud and transmitted along the multiview video. Moreover, a novel depth image based rendering technique is developed to improve quality while minimizing processing load on the mobile terminal, giving typical peak signal to noise ratio gains of 2 dB. Experimental results reveal that, for a satisfactory rendering quality, bit rate savings of more than 70% are achieved compared with simulcast transmission. Furthermore, subjective tests indicate that this solution improves the perceived quality considerably. Finally, we study the impact of handovers induced in mobile systems on the quality of experience.
Learning Rotation Invariant Convolutional Neural Networks for Object Detection in VHR Optical Remote Sensing Images
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing

Object detection in very high resolution optical remote sensing images is a fundamental problem faced for remote sensing image analysis. Due to the advances of powerful feature representations, machine learning based object detection is receiving increasing attention. Although numerous feature representations exist, most of them are handcrafted or shallow learning based features. As the object detection task becomes more challenging, their description capability becomes limited or even impoverished. More recently, deep learning algorithms, especially convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown their much stronger feature representation power in computer vision. Despite the progress made in nature scene images, it is problematic to directly use the CNN feature for object detection in optical remote sensing images because it is difficult to effectively deal with the problem of object rotation variations. To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel and effective approach to learn a rotation invariant CNN (RICNN) model for advancing the performance of object detection, which is achieved by introducing and learning a new rotation invariant layer on the basis of the existing CNN architectures. However, different from the training of traditional CNN models that only optimizes the multinomial logistic regression objective, our RICNN model is trained by optimizing a new objective function via imposing a regularization constraint, which explicitly enforces the feature representations of the training samples before and after rotating to be mapped close to each other, hence achieving rotation invariance. To facilitate training, we first train the rotation invariant layer and then domain specifically fine tune the whole RICNN network to further boost the performance. Comprehensive evaluations on a publicly available ten class object detection data set demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Desarrollo del lenguaje en ninos sordos con implante coclear: diseno de un corpus y su aplicacion al estudio de la fonologia

El implante coclear es un dispositivo que se coloca a personas con una sordera neurosensorial. Su funcionamiento se basa en analizar la senal acustica y transformarla en estimulos electricos que son enviados al nervio auditivo y de ahi al cerebro. A pesar de sus grandes ventajas, estudios recientes han mostrado que los implantes cocleares presentan algunas limitaciones tecnicas: la senal que el IC envia al cerebro no tiene el mismo nivel de precision que la senal enviada por el oido, lo que podria afectar a la maduracion de las vias de procesamiento auditivo (via dorsal y via ventral) El ambito de la fonologia tiene particular interes en el caso del nino implantado, pues buena parte de sus dificultades podrian tener su origen en la fonologia. Por ello, en el trabajo, hacemos una propuesta para obtener datos con los que estudiar detalladamente diferentes aspectos del desarrollo fonologico. Ademas, con los datos obtenidos, valoramos una novedosa hipotesis para explicar las dificultades fonologicas del nino sordo implantado: sugerimos que los sordos implantados podrian tener especiales dificultades para el procesamiento analitico de la informacion fonologica (hipotesis del deficit de la via dorsal) Los resultados del estudio permiten comprobar que las limitaciones en la informacion acustica enviada por el implante coclear tiene repercusiones en el desarrollo de las vias de procesamiento auditivo, en concreto, en la via dorsal. Ademas, los datos permiten observar diferencias llamativas en la aparicion de algunos errores fonologicos comparando las producciones de los ninos con implante coclear y los ninos normo oyentes. Los ninos con implante coclear muestran una desaparicion lenta de errores fonologicos. Con los resultados del estudio tambien valoramos si la metodologia utilizada es la apropiada. La combinacion de un corpus de lenguaje espontaneo y pruebas experimentales permite obtener una gran cantidad de datos con los que poder abordar el desarrollo fonologico de los ninos a los 24 meses de uso del implante y comparar resultados con las producciones de un grupo de ninos normo oyentes.
Development of an acoustic filter for parametric loudspeaker using phononic crystals.
Venue: Ultrasonics

The spurious signal generated as a result of nonlinearity at the receiving system affects the measurement of the difference frequency sound in the parametric loudspeaker, especially in the nearfield or near the beam axis. In this paper, an acoustic filter is designed using phononic crystals and its theoretical simulations are carried out by quasi one and two dimensional models with Comsol Multiphysics. According to the simulated transmission loss (TL) an acoustic filter is prototyped consisting of 5x7 aluminum alloy cylinders and its performance is verified experimentally. There is good agreement with the simulation result for TL. After applying our proposed filter in the axial measurement of the parametric loudspeaker, a clear frequency dependence from parametric array effect is detected, which exhibits a good match with the well known theory described by the Gaussian beam expansion technique. During the directivity measurement for the parametric loudspeaker, the proposed filter has also proved to be effective and is only needed for small angles.
Scalable and Fast Top k Most Similar Trajectories Search Using MapReduce In Memory
Venue: ADC

Top k most similar trajectories search (k NN) is frequently used as classification algorithm and recommendation systems in spatial temporal trajectory databases. However, k NN trajectories is a complex operation, and a multi user application should be able to process multiple k NN trajectories search concurrently in large scale data in an efficient manner. The k NN trajectories problem has received plenty of attention, however, state of the art works neither consider in memory parallel processing of k NN trajectories nor concurrent queries in distributed environments, or consider parallelization of k NN search for simpler spatial objects (i.e. 2D points) using MapReduce, but ignore the temporal dimension of spatial temporal trajectories. In this work we propose a distributed parallel approach for k NN trajectories search in a multi user environment using MapReduce in memory. We propose a space/time data partitioning based on Voronoi diagrams and time pages, named Voronoi Pages, in order to provide both spatial temporal data organization and process decentralization. In addition, we propose a spatial temporal index for our partitions to efficiently prune the search space, improve system throughput and scalability. We implemented our solution on top of Spark's RDD data structure, which provides a thread safe environment for concurrent MapReduce tasks in main memory. We perform extensive experiments to demonstrate the performance and scalability of our approach.
Guided Cost Learning: Deep Inverse Optimal Control via Policy Optimization
Venue: ICML

Reinforcement learning can acquire complex behaviors from high level specifications. However, defining a cost function that can be optimized effectively and encodes the correct task is challenging in practice. We explore how inverse optimal control (IOC) can be used to learn behaviors from demonstrations, with applications to torque control of high dimensional robotic systems. Our method addresses two key challenges in inverse optimal control: first, the need for informative features and effective regularization to impose structure on the cost, and second, the difficulty of learning the cost function under unknown dynamics for high dimensional continuous systems. To address the former challenge, we present an algorithm capable of learning arbitrary nonlinear cost functions, such as neural networks, without meticulous feature engineering. To address the latter challenge, we formulate an efficient sample based approximation for MaxEnt IOC. We evaluate our method on a series of simulated tasks and real world robotic manipulation problems, demonstrating substantial improvement over prior methods both in terms of task complexity and sample efficiency.
Big data analytics in logistics and supply chain management: Certain investigations for research and applications

The amount of data produced and communicated over the Internet is significantly increasing, thereby creating challenges for the organizations that would like to reap the benefits from analyzing this massive influx of big data. This is because big data can provide unique insights into, inter alia, market trends, customer buying patterns, and maintenance cycles, as well as into ways of lowering costs and enabling more targeted business decisions. Realizing the importance of big data business analytics (BDBA) we review and classify the literature on the application of BDBA on logistics and supply chain management (LSCM) that we define as supply chain analytics (SCA) based on the nature of analytics (descriptive, predictive, prescriptive) and the focus of the LSCM (strategy and operations) To assess the extent to which SCA is applied within LSCM, we propose a maturity framework of SCA, based on four capability levels, that is, functional, process based, collaborative, agile SCA, and sustainable SCA. We highlight the role of SCA in LSCM and denote the use of methodologies and techniques to collect, disseminate, analyze, and use big data driven information. Furthermore, we stress the need for managers to understand BDBA and SCA as strategic assets that should be integrated across business activities to enable integrated enterprise business analytics. Finally, we outline the limitations of our study and future research directions.
CTRL+INSERT: retrotransposons and their contribution to regulation and innovation of the transcriptome
Venue: EMBO reports

The human genome contains millions of fragments from retrotransposons highly repetitive DNA sequences that were once able to "copy and paste" themselves to other regions in the genome. However, the majority of retrotransposons have lost this capacity through acquisition of mutations or through endogenous silencing mechanisms. Without this imminent threat of transposition, retrotransposons have the potential to act as a major source of genomic innovation. Indeed, large numbers of retrotransposons have been found to be active in specific contexts: as gene regulatory elements and promoters for protein coding genes or long noncoding RNAs, among others. In this review, we summarise recent findings about retrotransposons, with implications in gene expression regulation, the expansion of gene isoform diversity and the generation of long noncoding RNAs. We highlight key examples that demonstrate their role in cellular identity and their versatility as markers of cell states, and we discuss how their dysregulation may contribute to the formation of and possibly therapeutic response in human cancers.
Ctrl C: Instruction Aware Control Loop Based Adaptive Cache Bypassing for GPUs
Venue: 2016 IEEE 34th International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD)

The performance of general purpose graphics processing units (GPGPUs) is often limited by the efficiency of the memory subsystems, particularly the L1 data caches. Because of the massive multithreading computation paradigm, significant memory resource contention and cache thrashing are often observed in GPGPU workloads. This leads to high cache miss rates and substantial pipeline stall time. In order to improve the efficiency of GPU caches, we propose an instruction aware control loop based adaptive cache bypassing design (Ctrl C) Ctrl C applies an instruction aware algorithm to dynamically identify per memory instruction cache reuse behavior. Ctrl C then adopts feedback control loops to bypass memory requests probabilistically in order to protect cache lines with short reuse distances from early eviction. GPGPU sim simulation based evaluation shows that Ctrl C improves the performance of cache sensitive GPGPU workloads by 41.5% leading to higher cache and interconnect bandwidth utilization with only an insignificant 3.5% area overhead.
Cloning a Chymotrypsin Like 1 (CTRL 1) Protease cDNA from the Jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai
Venue: Toxins

An enzyme in a nematocyst extract of the Nemopilema nomurai jellyfish, caught off the coast of the Republic of Korea, catalyzed the cleavage of chymotrypsin substrate in an amidolytic kinetic assay, and this activity was inhibited by the serine protease inhibitor, phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride. We isolated the full length cDNA sequence of this enzyme, which contains 850 nucleotides, with an open reading frame of 801 encoding 266 amino acids. A blast analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence showed 41% identity with human chymotrypsin like (CTRL) and the CTRL 1 precursor. Therefore, we designated this enzyme N. nomurai CTRL 1. The primary structure of N. nomurai CTRL 1 includes a leader peptide and a highly conserved catalytic triad of His69, Asp117, and Ser216. The disulfide bonds of chymotrypsin and the substrate binding sites are highly conserved compared with the CTRLs of other species, including mammalian species. Nemopilema nomurai CTRL 1 is evolutionarily more closely related to Actinopterygii than to Scyphozoan (Aurelia aurita) or Hydrozoan (Hydra vulgaris) The N. nomurai CTRL1 was amplified from the genomic DNA with PCR using specific primers designed based on the full length cDNA, and then sequenced. The N. nomurai CTRL1 gene contains 2434 nucleotides and four distinct exons. The 5' donor splice (GT) and 3' acceptor splice sequences (AG) are wholly conserved. This is the first report of the CTRL1 gene and cDNA structures in the jellyfish N. nomurai.
Classification of Extrapulmonary Manifestations Due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection on the Basis of Possible Pathogenesis
Venue: Front. Microbiol.

The list of extrapulmonary manifestations due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection can be classified according to the following three possible mechanisms derived from the established biological activity of M. pneumoniae; (1) a direct type in which the bacterium is present at the site of inflammation and local inflammatory cytokines induced by the bacterium play an important role (2) an indirect type in which the bacterium is not present at the site of inflammation and immune modulations, such as autoimmunity or formation of immune complexes, play an important role, and (3) a vascular occlusion type in which obstruction of blood flow induced either directly or indirectly by the bacterium plays an important role. Recent studies concerning extrapulmonary manifestations have prompted the author to upgrade the list, including cardiac and aortic thrombi as cardiovascular manifestations; erythema nodosum, cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis, and subcorneal pustular dermatosis as dermatological manifestations; acute cerebellar ataxia, opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome, and thalamic necrosis as neurological manifestations; pulmonary embolism as a respiratory system manifestation; and renal artery embolism as a urogenital tract manifestation. Continuing nosological confusion on M. pneumoniae induced mucositis (without skin lesions) which may be called M. pneumoniae associated mucositis or M. pneumoniae induced rash and mucositis separately from Stevens Johnson syndrome, is argued in the dermatological manifestations. Serological methods are recommended for diagnosis because pneumonia or respiratory symptoms are often minimal or even absent in extrapulmonary manifestations due to M. pneumoniae infection. Concomitant use of immunomodulators, such as corticosteroids or immunoglobulins with antibiotics effective against M. pneumoniae, can be considered as treatment modalities for most severe cases, such as encephalitis. Further studies would be necessary to construct a comprehensive therapeutic strategy, covering microbiology (antibiotics) immunology (immunomodulators) and hematology (anticoagulants) The possible influence of the emergence of macrolide resistant M. pneumoniae on extrapulmonary manifestations, which can be considered of limited clinical threat in Japan where the resistant rate has currently decreased, is discussed on the basis of unique biological characteristics of M. pneumoniae, the smallest self replicating organism.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae: Current Knowledge on Macrolide Resistance and Treatment
Venue: Front. Microbiol.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes community acquired respiratory tract infections, particularly in school aged children and young adults. These infections occur both endemically and epidemically worldwide. M. pneumoniae lacks cell wall and is subsequently resistant to beta lactams and to all antimicrobials targeting the cell wall. This mycoplasma is intrinsically susceptible to macrolides and related antibiotics, to tetracyclines and to fluoroquinolones. Macrolides and related antibiotics are the first line treatment of M. pneumoniae respiratory tract infections mainly because of their low MIC against the bacteria, their low toxicity and the absence of contraindication in young children. The newer macrolides are now the preferred agents with a 7 to 14 day course of oral clarithromycin or a 5 day course of oral azithromycin for treatment of community acquired pneumonia due to M. pneumoniae, according to the different guidelines worldwide. However, macrolide resistance has been spreading for 15 years worldwide, with prevalence now ranging between 0 and 15% in Europe and the USA, approximately 30% in Israel and up to 90 100% in Asia. This resistance is associated with point mutations in the peptidyl transferase loop of the 23S rRNA and leads to high level resistance to macrolides. Macrolide resistance associated mutations can be detected using several molecular methods applicable directly from respiratory specimens. Because this resistance has clinical outcomes such as longer duration of fever, cough and hospital stay, alternative antibiotic treatment can be required, including tetracyclines such as doxycycline and minocycline or fluoroquinolones, primarily levofloxacin, during 7 14 days, even though fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines are contraindicated in all children and in children 8 year old, respectively. Acquired resistance to tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones has never been reported in M. pneumoniae clinical isolates but reduced susceptibility was reported in in vitro selected mutants. This article focuses on M. pneumoniae antibiotic susceptibility and on the development and the evolution of acquired resistance. Molecular detection of resistant mutants and therapeutic options in case of macrolide resistance will also be assessed.
Epidemiology of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infections in Japan and Therapeutic Strategies for Macrolide Resistant M. pneumoniae
Venue: Front. Microbiol.

Pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae pneumonia) is a major cause of community acquired pneumonia worldwide. The surveillance of M. pneumoniae pneumonia is important for etiological and epidemiological studies of acute respiratory infections. In Japan, nation wide surveillance of M. pneumoniae pneumonia has been conducted as a part of the National Epidemiological Surveillance of Infectious Diseases (NESID) program. This surveillance started in 1981, and significant increases in the numbers of M. pneumoniae pneumonia patients were noted in 1984, 1988, 2006, 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2015. The epidemics in 2011 and 2012 were particularly widespread and motivated researchers to conduct detailed epidemiological studies, including genotyping and drug resistance analyses of M. pneumoniae isolates. The genotyping studies based on the p1 gene sequence suggested that the p1 gene type 1 lineage has been dominant in Japan since 2003, including the epidemic period during 2011 2012. However, more detailed p1 typing analysis is required to determine whether the type 2 lineages become more relevant after the dominance of the type 1 lineage. There has been extensive research interest in implications of the p1 gene types on the epidemiology of M. pneumoniae infections. Serological characterizations of sera from patients have provided a glimpse into these associations, showing the presence of type specific antibody in the patient sera. Another important epidemiological issue of M. pneumoniae pneumonia is the emergence of macrolide resistant M. pneumoniae (MRMP) MRMPs were noted among clinical isolates in Japan after 2000. At present, the isolation rate of MRMPs from pediatric patients is estimated at 50 90% in Japan, depending on the specific location. In view of the situation, Japanese societies have issued guiding principles for treating M. pneumoniae pneumonia. In these guiding principles, macrolides are still recommended as the first line drug, however, if the fever does not subside in 48 72 h from first line drug administration, a change of antibiotics to second line drugs is recommended.