nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Adaptive GPU Array Layout Auto Tuning
Venue: SEM4HPC@HPDC

Optimal performance is an important goal in compute intensive applications. For GPU applications, this requires a lot of experience and knowledge about the algorithms and the underlying hardware, making them an ideal target for auto tuning approaches. We present an auto tuner which optimizes array layouts in CUDA applications. Depending on the data and program parameters, kernels can have varying optimal configurations. We thus adjust array layouts adaptively at runtime and achieve or even exceed performance of hand optimized code. We automatically detect data characteristics to identify different performance scenarios without user input or additional programming. We perform an empirical analysis of the application in order to construct our decision models. Our adaptive optimization requires in principle profiling data for an extremely high number of scenarios which cannot be exhaustively evaluated for complex applications. We solve this by extending a previously published method that is able to efficiently profile single kernel calls and enhance it to find application wide optimal solutions. Our method is able to optimize applications in a few minutes, reaching speed ups of up to 20% compared to hand optimized code.
ImageCL: An image processing language for performance portability on heterogeneous systems
Venue: 2016 International Conference on High Performance Computing Simulation (HPCS)

Modern computer systems typically conbine multicore CPUs with accelerators like GPUs for inproved performance and energy efficiency. However, these systems suffer from poor performance portability code tuned for one device must be retuned to achieve high performance on another. Image processing is increasing in importance, with applications ranging from seismology and medicine to Photoshop. Based on our experience with medical image processing, we propose ImageCL, a high level domain specific language and source to source compiler, targeting heterogeneous hardware. ImageCL resembles OpenCL, but abstracts away performance optimization details, allowing the programmer to focus on algorithm development, rather than performance tuning. The latter is left to our source to source compiler and auto tuner. From high level ImageCL kernels, our source to source compiler can generate multiple OpenCL implementations with different optimizations applied. We rely on auto tuning rather than machine models or expert programmer knowledge to determine which optimizations to apply, making our tuning procedure highly robust. Furthermore, we can generate high performing implementations for different devices from a single source code, thereby improving performance portability. We evaluate our approach on three image processing benchmarks, on different GPU and CPU devices, and are able to outperform other state of the art solutions in several cases, achieving speedups of up to 4.57x.
Alteration in bone geometric and mechanical properties, histomorphometrical parameters of trabecular bone, articular cartilage, and growth plate in adolescent rats after chronic co exposure to cadmium and lead in the case of supplementation with green, black, red and white tea.
Venue: Environmental toxicology and pharmacology

Adolescent male Wistar rats were used to check whether regular consumption of black, red, white, or green tea would have a protective effect on femur development during 12 week exposure to Cd and Pb (7mg Cd and 50mg Pb in 1kg of the diet) The animals were randomly divided (n=12) into a positive control (without Cd, Pb and teas) a negative control group (Cd and Pb) and groups supplemented additionally with green (GT) black (BT) red (RT) and white tea (WT) Heavy metals reduced the geometric and densitometric parameters and the total thickness of articular cartilage irrespective of tea administration and influenced mechanical endurance, growth plate thickness, and trabecular histomorphometry depending on the tea type. It is difficult to indicate which tea has the best protective effects on bone and hyaline cartilage against heavy metal action.
Correlation of serum ANA and direct immunofluorescence studies in elderly Thai patients with red and white oral lesions.
Venue: Journal of oral pathology medicine official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology

This study investigated the presence of serum antinuclear antibodies (ANA) profile and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) evaluation in elderly Thai patients with red and white oral lesions.  Thirty two patients with red and white oral lesions were divided into two groups: group I consisted of 10 cases not taking medications, while group II consisted of 12 cases taking medications, and 30 healthy subjects as a control group. Blood samples were used to determine the ANA profile. DIF was investigated in the lesion containing groups.  Serum ANA was found in six cases (60% in group I, eight cases (66.7% in group II, and 19 cases (63.3% in the control group. There were no significant differences between group I and group II and the control group (P 0.05) Serum ANA was most commonly found in patients taking hypolipidemics (80% followed by antihypertensives (71.4% NSAIDs (50% hypoglycemics (50% and others (66.7% The anticytoplasmic staining frequency in group II was higher compared with group I and the control group. Anti dsDNA antibodies were not found in any group.  Elderly patients with red and white oral lesions who were taking medications had a higher serum ANA frequency than group I and the control group.
Teacher Applicant Hiring and Teacher Performance: Evidence from Dc Public Schools

Selecting more effective teachers among job applicants during the hiring process could be a highly cost effective means of improving educational quality, but there is little research that links information gathered during the hiring process to subsequent teacher performance. We study the relationship among applicant characteristics, hiring outcomes, and teacher performance in the Washington DC Public Schools (DCPS) We take advantage of detailed data on a multi stage application process, which includes written assessments, a personal interview, and sample lessons, as well as the annual evaluations of all DCPS teachers, based on multiple criteria. We identify a number of background characteristics (e.g. undergraduate GPA) as well as screening measures (e.g. applicant performance on a mock teaching lesson) that strongly predict teacher effectiveness. Interestingly, we find that these measures are only weakly, if at all, associated with the likelihood of being hired, suggesting considerable scope for improving teacher quality through the hiring process.
Computer Generated Hologram for Beam Control of LCOS based Wavelength Selective Switch

This paper presents the design of a computer generated hologram for beam control of an LCOS based wavelength selective switch, which is the core technology for next generation ROADM. By introducing a computer generated hologram instead of general grating patterns to control the LCOS device, we contribute to building a more efficient wavelength selective switch. With the use of phase modulation properties of LCOS devices, we designed the hologram for five port output and a 40 channel wavelength selective switch. We applied a multi level phase modulation technique with the Gerchberg Saxton algorithm to produce the hologram, which is easily scalable to any different type of wavelength selective switch. With an experimental setup, we verified the usability of the hologram designed for five port output. We also suggest a hologram design technique for beam control of a 40 channel wavelength selective switch.
Pengaruh Latihan Pasrah Diri dan Latihan Range Of Motion melalui Discharge Planning terhadap Perubahan Activity Daily Living pada Pasien Stroke Iskemik

Stroke mempunyai resiko untuk menyebabkan cacat berupa kelumpuhan. Hal ini akan menyebabkan penurunan kualitas hidup pada penderita. Rehabilitasi latihan gerak sendi atau Range of Motion (ROM) akan meningkatkan kekuatan otot sendi. Hambatan mobilisasi akan menimbulkan pasien rendah diri apabila dibiarkan akan mempengaruhi kepatuhan pengobatan, pemulihan jangka pendek, kualitas hidup setelah stroke dan kecacatan yang permanen. Relaksasi dengan pendekatan Latihan Pasrah Diri (LPD) melalui discharge planning akan memberikan ketenanngan dan meningkatkan semangat untuk mencapai kesembuhan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh Latihan Pasrah Diri dan latihan ROM melalui discharge planning terhadap perubahan kemandirian dalam activity daily living (ADL) pada pasien stroke di Unit Stroke RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah quasy experiment pre post test with control group design Populasi adalah pasien stroke iskemik. Sampel berjumlah 28 orang kemudian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok intervensi berjumlah 14 orang dan kelompok kontrol berjumlah 14 orang dengan teknik consecutive sampling Penelitian dimulai bulan Agustus September 2015. Instrument penelitian menggunakan skor Indeks Barthel. Data dianalisa dengan menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test dan Mann Withney test Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perbedaan ADL sebelum dan sesudah diberi latihan pasrah diri dan latihan ROM pada kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol dari analisa uji WilcoxonSigned Ranks Test menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh latihan pasrah diri dan latihan ROM terhadap perubahan kemampuan ADL, diperoleh nilai signifikansi 0.000 pada kelompok intervensi dan 0.008 pada kelompok kontrol lebih kecil dari taraf signifikansi 95% p <0.05) Uji statistik dengan Mann Whithey diperoleh nilai p=0,003 (p 0,05) Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini bahwa latihan pasrah diri dan latihan ROM dapat di praktekkan dalam tindakan keperawatan untuk meningkatkan ADL pada pasien stroke.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN LATIHAN RANGE OF MOTION (ROM) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK PADA PASIEN POST STROKE DI RSUD GAMBIRAN

Stroke adalah sindrom klinis berupa gangguan fungsi otak sebagian atau seluruhnya yang diakibatkan oleh gangguan suplai darah ke otak. Stroke dapat berdampak pada berbagai fungsi tubuh diantaranya adalah defisit motorik berupa hemiparese (kelemahan satu sisi tubuh) Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh latihan Range of Motion terhadap kekuatan otot pasien post stroke di RSUD Gambiran Kediri. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian Pre Experimental dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 17 responden dansampel 16 responden yang diberikan latihan range of motion 2x sehari selama 7 hari. Evaluasi penelitian ini dilakukan pada hari pertama dan ketujuh. Teknik pengambilan sampel, purposive sampling. Analisa data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisa univariat dan analisa bivariat (Paired Sample T test) Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh pemberian latihan range of motion terhadap kemampuan motorik pada pasien post stroke di RSUD Gambiran Kediri 2014. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut dan penggunaan latihan ini sebagai salah satu intervensi mandiri perawat dalam asuhan keperawatan pasien stroke.
An Intelligent Interface for Learning Content: Combining an Open Learner Model and Social Comparison to Support Self Regulated Learning and Engagement
Venue: IUI

We present the Mastery Grids system, an intelligent interface for online learning content that combines open learner modeling (OLM) and social comparison features. We grounded the design of Mastery Grids in self regulated learning and learning motivation theories, as well as in our past work in social comparison, OLM, and adaptive navigation support. The force behind the interface is the combination of adaptive navigation functionality with the mastery oriented aspects of OLM and the performance oriented aspects of social comparison. We examined different configurations of Mastery Grids in two classroom studies and report the results of analysis of log data and survey responses. The results show how Mastery Grids interacts with different factors, like gender and achievement goal orientation, and ultimately, its impact on student engagement, performance, and motivation.
Introduction of learning visualisations and metacognitive support in a persuadable open learner model
Venue: LAK

This paper describes open learner models as visualisations of learning for learners, with a particular focus on how information about their learning can be used to help them reflect on their skills, identify gaps in their skills, and plan their future learning. We offer an approach that, in addition to providing visualisations of their learning, allows learners to propose changes to their learner model. This aims to help improve the accuracy of the learner model by taking into account student viewpoints on their learning, while also promoting learner reflection on their learning as part of a discussion of the content of their learner model. This aligns well with recent calls for learning analytics for learners. Building on previous research showing that learners will use open learner models, we here investigate their initial reactions to open learner model features to identify the likelihood of uptake in contexts where an open learner model is offered on an optional basis. We focus on university students' perceptions of a range of visualisations and their stated preferences for a facility to view evidence for the learner model data and to propose changes to the values.
Individual and Peer Comparison Open Learner Model Visualisations to Identify What to Work On Next
Venue: UMAP

Open learner models (OLM) can support self regulated learning, collaborative interaction, and navigation in adaptive educational systems. Previous research has found that learners have a range of preferences for learner model visualisation. However, research has focused mainly on visualisations that are available in a single system, meaning that not all visualisations have been compared to each other. We present a study using screen shots of OLM visualisations for individuals and for comparing one's own learner model to the models of other individuals or the group, to define visualisations that students would be able to use to identify their next steps, across a wider range of options.
Enhancing learning outcomes through self regulated learning support with an Open Learner Model
Venue: User Modeling and User Adapted Interaction

Open Learner Models (OLMs) have great potential to support students' Self Regulated Learning (SRL) in Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) Yet few classroom experiments have been conducted to empirically evaluate whether and how an OLM can enhance students' domain level learning outcomes through the scaffolding of SRL processes in an ITS. In two classroom experiments with a total of 302 7th and 8th grade students, we investigated the effect of (a) an OLM that supports students' self assessment of their equation solving skills and (b) shared control over problem selection, on students' equation solving abilities, enjoyment of learning with the tutor, self assessment accuracy, and problem selection decisions. In the first, smaller experiment, the hypothesized main effect of the OLM on students' learning outcomes was confirmed; we found no main effect of shared control of problem selection, nor an interaction. In the second, larger experiment, the hypothesized main effects were not confirmed, but we found an interaction such that the students who had access to the OLM learned significantly better equation solving skills than their counterparts when shared control over problem selection was offered in the system. Thus, the two experiments support the notion that an OLM can enhance students' domain level learning outcomes through scaffolding of SRL processes, and are among the first in vivo classroom experiments to do so. They suggest that an OLM is especially effective if it is designed to support multiple SRL processes.
Network Security Risk Analysis using Improved MulVAL Bayesian Attack Graphs

This paper presents some improvements on the Multihost Multistage Vulnerability Analysis (MulVAL) framework. MulVAL is a framework to generate an attack graph for analysis of a computer network security risk. In MulVAL, it is assumed that the probability of success in exploiting the machine configuration and vulnerability variable is 100% and the vulnerability variables are independent of each other. In reality each machine has its own security configuration issue, and vulnerabilities are not independent of each other. Moreover the research in MulVAL attack graph solely focuses on the probability of vulnerability, whereas the probability of vulnerability in security configuration is not covered. In this paper we introduce three methods to improve the MulVAL framework. In the first method we employ Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) for calculating the probability of vulnerability variables, and Common Configuration Scoring System (CCSS) for calculating the probability of vulnerability of system security configuration. In the second method we introduce the interdependence of vulnerability variables in Bayesian senses. Finally, in the third method we analyze the impact of the change in system security configuration to the probability of vulnerability in the context of Bayesian probability. We analyze and discuss the proposed methods through a simulation for a simple network configuration. The simulation results of the proposed methods demonstrate that the introduction of CVSS, CCSS, employing dependency of vulnerability variables and system security configuration represent a more realistic model for vulnerability in MulVAL framework.
Wavefront measurement of vortex beam using ptychographic phase retrieval
Venue: Optical Engineering Applications

For vortex beams, characterization and optimization of the optical system are important. However, wavefront measurements on focused vortex beams are difficult because they have complex phase and intensity distributions. As a measurement method, we proposed the use of ptychography, in which the intensity and phase of the beams are retrieved using several far field diffraction patterns. We constructed an optical system with a He Ne laser light source to clarify the usefulness of ptychography. Test vortex beams were produced by a spatial light modulator (SLM) and focused by a plano convex lens. A pinhole was scanned on the focal plane for collection of the diffraction intensity profiles. The phase and intensity of the vortex beams on the focal plane were retrieved so that the calculated beams were consistent with the intensity data. The retrieved intensity and phase distributions were compared with distributions predicted using the inputs for the SLM. They agreed well, indicating that the ptychographic phase retrieval method can be used for precise characterization of vortex beams. This method is valuable for improving the performance of applications using vortex beams.
Disegnare le ragioni dello spazio costruito. Le scale aperte del "700 napoletano The reasons of drawing. Open eighteenth century Neapolitan staircases

Eighteenth century Neapolitan open staircases are an urban and architectural event of unusual wonder. Created by the architect Ferdinando Sanfelice, they are masterful examples of a new formal and structural experiment. In this article, the origins of the Sanfelician staircases are discussed. They were chosen due to their particular urban, spatial and constructive value and have been the subject of an architectural and environmental survey campaign carried out through a direct method coordinated by the author. The origins of the Sanfelician staircases will be studied, highlighting the geometric configurative arrays of their two main models, i.e. the 'falcon wings' and the 'cantilevered. Due to its important architectural function, the staircase of a project is as old as the architecture itself. However, it is in the Baroque period that we experience forms that restore the staircase of a project as a space time configuration representative of the architecture, along with not only the monumental but also the imaginative dimension. Eighteenth century Neapolitan open staircases originated in the 1400s and are architectural organisms characterized by particular space perception relationships. The diagrams compare (for the first time and to the same scale of representation) the staircases designed by Sanfelice in Naples. These issues have been dealt with in an architectural survey campaign of several staircases in Naples (2014 2017) where the spatial layout refers to the Sanfelician models discussed here; the results of the comparative analyses, respectively between the staircases of the Sanfelice, Maciocco, Palmarice and Persico palaces are presented here.
Supervised Ranking Hash for Semantic Similarity Search
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia (ISM)

The era of big data has spawned unprecedented interests in developing hashing algorithms for their storage efficiency and effectiveness in fast nearest neighbor search in large scale databases. Most of the existing hash learning algorithms focus on learning hash functions which generate binary codes by numeric quantization of some projected feature space. In this work, we propose a novel hash learning framework that encodes features' ranking orders instead of quantizing their numeric values in a number of optimal low dimensional ranking subspaces. We formulate the ranking based hash learning problem as the optimization of a continuous probabilistic error function using softmax approximation and present an efficient learning algorithm to solve the problem. We extensively evaluate the proposed algorithm in several datasets and demonstrate superior performance against several state of the arts.
Live to cheat another day: bacterial dormancy facilitates the social exploitation of b lactamases
Venue: The ISME Journal

The breakdown of antibiotics by b lactamases may be cooperative, since resistant cells can detoxify their environment and facilitate the growth of susceptible neighbours. However, previous studies of this phenomenon have used artificial bacterial vectors or engineered bacteria to increase the secretion of b lactamases from cells. Here, we investigated whether a broad spectrum b lactamase gene carried by a naturally occurring plasmid (pCT) is cooperative under a range of conditions. In ordinary batch culture on solid media, there was little or no evidence that resistant bacteria could protect susceptible cells from ampicillin, although resistant colonies could locally detoxify this growth medium. However, when susceptible cells were inoculated at high densities, late appearing phenotypically susceptible bacteria grew in the vicinity of resistant colonies. We infer that persisters, cells that have survived antibiotics by undergoing a period of dormancy, founded these satellite colonies. The number of persister colonies was positively correlated with the density of resistant colonies and increased as antibiotic concentrations decreased. We argue that detoxification can be cooperative under a limited range of conditions: if the toxins are bacteriostatic rather than bacteridical; or if susceptible cells invade communities after resistant bacteria; or if dormancy allows susceptible cells to avoid bactericides. Resistance and tolerance were previously thought to be independent solutions for surviving antibiotics. Here, we show that these are interacting strategies: the presence of bacteria adopting one solution can have substantial effects on the fitness of their neighbours.