nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
PENENTUAN LOKASI TURBIN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA ARUS LAUT SKALA KECIL DI PERAIRAN SELAT LIRUNG, TALAUD, SULAWESI UTARA

Selat Lirung adalah selat yang terletak antara Pulau Salibabu dan Pulau Karakelong, Kepulauan Talaud. Penelitian potensi energi arus laut telah dilakukan di lokasi ini, untuk mengkaji kemungkinan dikembangkannya Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Arus Laut (PLTAL) skala kecil (2 kW) dengan model turbin sumbu vertikal. Salah satu tahapan dalam implementasi PLTAL skala kecil adalah penentuan lokasi penempatan turbin. Beberapa kriteria teknis yang dipersyaratkan harus dipenuhi pada tahapan ini. Untuk maksud tersebut dilakukan kajian awal dengan melakukan analisis data kedalaman laut, Sea Bottom Profiling (SBP) arus bergerak, arus insitu, pasang surut, dan meteorologi. Data tersebut direpresentasikan dalam data kecepatan arus laut, morfologi dasar laut, kedalaman laut, durasi waktu kecepatan arus kuat, jarak terhadap garis pantai, dan pengaruh gelombang laut. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data tersebut diperoleh 2 (dua) lokasi yang paling representatif. Lokasi pertama di alur antara P. Sara Besar dengan Sara Kecil pada kedalaman laut sekitar 25 m dengan kecepatan arus maksimum sebesar 1.0 m/det 1.75 m/det. Sedangkan lokasi kedua di alur antara P. Sara Besar dengan P. Salibabu pada kedalaman laut antara 25 m 35 m dengan kecepatan arus maksimum sebesar 1.0 m/det 1.3 m/det. Kata kunci Tenaga arus laut, turbin, kecepatan arus, morfologi dasar laut, kedalaman laut The Lirung Strait is a strait located between the Salibabu Island and Karakelong Island, Talaud. Energy potential of marine current research has been done in this location, to examine the possibility of the development of Marine Current Power Plant (MCPP) small scale (2 kW) One of the stages in the implementation of MCPP small scale is determining the location of the turbines placement. Some technical criteria required to be met at this stage. For the purpose of initial studies to perform data analysis depth of the sea, Sea Bottom Profiling (SBP) the current is moving, insitu currents, tides, and meteorology. That data are represented within the sea current speed, the morphology of the seabed, ocean depth, duration of strong current speed, distance to the coastline,and the influence of waves. Based on the results of the analysis of the data obtained two (2) most representative locations. The first location is in the groove between the Sara Besar Island with Sara Kecil Island at the depths between 25 m with the maximum current speed of 1.0 m/s 1.75 m/s. The second location is in the groove between the Sara Besar Island with Salibabu Island at the depths between 25 m 35 m with the maximum current speed of 1.0 m/s 1.3 m/s.  Power of marine currents, turbines, current speed, seabed morphology, ocean depths
A comparative analysis of the fluid structure interaction method and the constant added mass method for ice structure collisions

The constant added mass (CAM) method and the fluid structure interaction (FSI) method are widely used to simulate ship ship and ship ice collisions. In the CAM method, the hydrodynamic effect of the surrounding water is treated as a constant added mass, whereas in the FSI method the surrounding fluid flow is explicitly modelled. The objective of the paper is to compare the two methods and to explain the causes of the differences in the results. We considered collision between a freshwater ice mass and a floating steel structure. For both methods, the numerical simulations were performed with the LS DYNA software. The behaviour of the ice mass was modelled using an elliptic yield criterion and a strain based pressure dependent failure criterion. To ensure realistic ice behaviour, the ice model was calibrated using general trends found in laboratory and in situ indentation tests with focus on the laboratory grown ice and the fluid model in the LS DYNA was verified by comparing the added mass coefficients for a spherical body and a rectangular block with the corresponding WADAM results. To validate and benchmark the numerical simulations, experimental data on ice structure interactions in water were used, including the acceleration of the floater wall measured with the dynamic motion unit (DMU) the relative velocity between the ice mass and the floater before the impact and some images extracted from video recording of the test. The comparisons indicated that the FSI method yields better results for the motion of the floater, i.e. the acceleration of the floater wall caused by the ice mass's impact and the relative velocity were in reasonably good agreement with experimental measurements. It was also found that the CAM method was faster but predicted a higher peak contact force and more dissipated energy in the ice mass than in the FSI method.
Short Signatures from Diffie Hellman: Realizing Almost Compact Public Key
Venue: Journal of Cryptology

In this paper, we present a new digital signature scheme based on the computational Diffie Hellman (CDH) assumption in the standard model. The proposed signature scheme is not only asymptotically almost compact but also practical for concrete parameters in the sense that the public key has 29 group elements, and the signature consists of two group elements and two exponents for 80 bit security. Note that the Waters signature scheme, which is the previous best digital signature scheme in the same category (CDH assumption, standard model) requires linear sized public keys in the security parameter, particularly those with 164 group elements for 80 bit security. To achieve our goal, we revisited the CDH based signature scheme proposed by Hohenberger and Waters (EUROCRYPT 2009) which is a stateful signature scheme but achieves asymptotically compact parameters in the sense that its public key and signature consist of constant group elements. We modify the Hohenberger Waters signature scheme to remove the state information from the signatures. More precisely, we use programmable hashes and random tags, instead of counters which is the state information maintained by a signer. To prove the security of the proposed signature scheme, we developed prefix guessing technique for random tags. Note that the prefix guessing technique was first introduced by Hohenberger and Waters (CRYPTO 2009) and was originally used for message queries.
Net2Net: Accelerating Learning via Knowledge Transfer
Venue: ICLR

We introduce techniques for rapidly transferring the information stored in one neural net into another neural net. The main purpose is to accelerate the training of a significantly larger neural net. During real world workflows, one often trains very many different neural networks during the experimentation and design process. This is a wasteful process in which each new model is trained from scratch. Our Net2Net technique accelerates the experimentation process by instantaneously transferring the knowledge from a previous network to each new deeper or wider network. Our techniques are based on the concept of function preserving transformations between neural network specifications. This differs from previous approaches to pre training that altered the function represented by a neural net when adding layers to it. Using our knowledge transfer mechanism to add depth to Inception modules, we demonstrate a new state of the art accuracy rating on the ImageNet dataset.
Challenges to access and provision of palliative care for people who are homeless: a systematic review of qualitative research
Venue: BMC Palliative Care

BackgroundPeople who are homeless or vulnerably housed are a marginalized group who often experience high rates of morbidity and die young as a result of complex problems. Access to health care and support can be challenging, with access to palliative care even more so. This review presents a synthesis of published qualitative research exploring from the perspective of homeless people and those working to support them, current challenges to palliative care access and provision, in addition to suggestions for what may improve palliative care for this population.MethodsSystematic review of qualitative research analysed using thematic synthesis. PsycINFO, Medline, Sociological Abstracts, Social Services Abstracts, Science citations index and CINAHL were searched up to September 2016. Thematic synthesis involved a three step inductive process to develop a deeper understanding of the challenges to and suggestions for the access and provision of palliative care for homeless people.ResultsThirteen qualitative articles, reporting nine studies were identified. The challenges to access and provision to palliative care were drawn from the data covering three broad areas, namely "the chaotic lifestyles sometimes associated with being homeless" "the delivery of palliative care within a hostel for homeless people" and provision within "mainstream health care systems" Obstacles were related to homeless persons competing day to day priorities, their experience of stigma in mainstream settings, the high burden on hostel staff in supporting residents at the end of life and inflexibility in mainstream health care systems. Suggestions for improving access to palliative care include building trust between homeless persons and health professionals, increasing collaboration between and flexibility within services, and providing more training and support for all professionals.ConclusionsThe provision of palliative care can be complicated for all populations, however delivering palliative care for people who are homeless is influenced by a potentially greater and more varied range of factors, on both individual and systemic levels, than providing palliative care for the housed population. Careful consideration and potentially great changes will be needed within health care systems to ensure homeless populations have equitable access to palliative care.
The impact of being homeless on the unsuccessful outcome of treatment of pulmonary TB in Sao Paulo State, Brazil
Venue: BMC Medicine

BackgroundTuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem requiring complex treatment, the success of which depends on biological, social, and institutional factors. Sao Paulo State (SPS) in Brazil, has a high TB burden. Because of high socioeconomic heterogeneity and chaotic urbanisation, homelessness might play an important role in the TB burden in SPS. Our aim was to determine the association between homelessness and outcome of treatment of pulmonary TB (PTB) in SPS.MethodsA historical cohort from the routine SPS TB database for 2009 2013 was analysed. The study population was newly diagnosed adult patients with PTB. Homelessness was ascertained at notification or when treatment started. Our outcome was unsuccessful outcome of treatment. We used logistic regression to adjust for potential confounders and multiple imputation for missing data.ResultsWe analysed 61,817 patients; 1726 (2.8 95%CI 2.7 2.9 were homeless. Homeless patients were concentrated in bigger cities, were more frequently middle aged males, had black/brown skin colour, and had received less education (P 0.001, for all) Alcohol and drug use was three times more frequent in homeless patients (43.2 vs 14.4 30.2 vs. 9.4 P 0.001, respectively) HIV testing was less common among the homeless, of whom 17.3 were HIV positive compared with 8.5 among the not homeless population (P 0.001) Microbiologic confirmation was more frequent among the homeless (91.6 vs. 84.8 P 0.001) Unsuccessful outcome of treatment was 57.3 among the homeless and 17.5 among the not homeless (OR 6.32, 95%CI 5.73 6.97, P 0.001) mainly due to loss to follow up (39 and death (10.5 After full adjustment for potential confounders, homelessness remained strongly associated with lower treatment success (aOR 4.96, 95 CI 4.27 5.76, P 0.001) HIV status interacted with homelessness: among HIV infected patients, the aOR was 2.45 (95%CI 1.90 3.16, Pinteraction 0.001) The population attributable fraction for the joint effect of homelessness, alcohol and drug use was almost 20 .ConclusionsConfirming our hypothesis, homelessness led to a marked reduction in the successful treatment of newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. Homelessness and associated conditions were important contributors to lack of treatment success in pulmonary tuberculosis in Sao Paulo. A multifaceted intervention must be implemented to target this vulnerable population.
Accuracy of Self Reported Health Care Use in a Population Based Sample of Homeless Adults.
Venue: Health services research

To assess the accuracy of self reported ambulatory care visits, emergency department (ED) encounters, and overnight hospitalizations in a population based sample of homeless adults.  Self report survey data and administrative health care utilization databases.  Self reported health care use in the past 12 months was compared to administrative encounter records among 1,163 homeless adults recruited in 2004 2005 from shelters and meal programs in Toronto, Ontario.  Self reported health care use was assessed using a structured face to face survey. Each participant was linked to administrative databases using a unique personal health number or their first name, last name, sex, and date of birth.  The sensitivity of self report for ambulatory care visits, ED encounters, and overnight hospitalizations was 89, 80, and 73 percent, respectively; specificity was 37, 83, and 91 percent. The mean difference between self reported and documented number of encounters in the past 12 months was +1.6 for ambulatory care visits (95 percent CI 0.4, 2.8) 0.6 for ED encounters (95 percent CI 0.8, 0.4) and 0.0 for hospitalizations (95 percent CI 0.0, 0.1)  Adults experiencing homelessness are quite accurate reporters of their use of health care, especially for ED encounters and hospitalizations.
Comparative Analysis of Outlier Detection Techniques

Mining simply refers to the extraction of very interesting patterns of the data from the massive data sets. Outlier detection is one of the important aspects of data mining which actually finds out the observations that are deviating from the common expected behavior. Outlier detection and analysis is sometimes known as outlier mining. In this paper, we have tried to provide the broad and a comprehensive literature survey of outliers and outlier detection techniques under one roof, so as to explain the richness and complexity associated with each outlier detection technique. Moreover, we have also given a broad comparison of the various methods of the different outlier techniques.
Studying the accumulation of nitrogenous substances in biofortified pumpkin vegetables

The main purpose of biofortificatrion is obtaining plant products with improved nutritional properties. Plant products are biofortified by means of the classic selection, genetic modification, or with the use of special fertilizers. Food plants have traditionally been enriched with vital minerals and vitamins; lately, they have also been bioenriched with amino acids and proteins. Vegetable protein consumed with the animal one enhances the value of protein nutrition due to the formed biologically active amino acid complexes. The value of vegetable protein increases in vegetarian nutrition, especially hard food, and nutrition of people suffering from celiac desease. We have studied the peculiarities of nitrogenous substances' accumulation in biofortified pumpkin vegetables grown with the use of the liquid, organic, environment friendly Riverm fertilizer. The objects of study are biofortified pumpkin vegetables: pumpkins of Oleshkivskyi and Sviten varieties, melons of Olvia and Fortuna varieties, and watermelons of Orphei and Atlant varieties. The reference samples are vegetables grown by the standard technology, without the above mentioned fertilizer. The research findings show that biofortified pumpkin vegetables are characterized by higher contents of total nitrogen and protein nitrogen, as well as contain more protein in comparison with the reference samples: pumpkins by 15.0 17.6 melons by 6.5 16.4 and watermelons by 8.9 10.1 The highest amount of essential amino acids is contained in the protein of biofortified pumpkins, a bit lower in biofortified melons and watermelons. The protein of biofortified pumpkins is characterized by the content of leucine, valine, and lysine. Biofortified melons and watermelons are dominated by lysine and phenylalanine. The largest shares of replaceable amino acids in all the samples are those of aspartic acid and glutamic acid. Bioenriched with nitrogenous substances (in particular, protein and amino acids) pumpkin vegetables cannot fully satisfy human needs of proteins and essential amino acids, although they can perfectly supplement nutrition with the latter. Such vegetables can be recommended to be used in balanced diets of animal and vegetable proteins, glutenless diets, and vegetarian diets.
Is Genicular Nerve Radiofrequency Ablation Safe? A Literature Review and Anatomical Study.
Venue: Pain physician

Genicular nerve radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has recently gained popularity as an intervention for chronic knee pain in patients who have failed other conservative or surgical treatments. Long term efficacy and adverse events are still largely unknown. Under fluoroscopic guidance, thermal RFA targets the lateral superior, medial superior, and medial inferior genicular nerves, which run in close proximity to the genicular arteries that play a crucial role in supplying the distal femur, knee joint, meniscus, and patella. RFA targets nerves by relying on bony landmarks, but fails to provide visualization of vascular structures. Although vascular injuries after genicular nerve RFA have not been reported, genicular vascular complications are well documented in the surgical literature. This article describes the anatomy, including detailed cadaveric dissections and schematic drawings, of the genicular neurovascular bundle. The present investigation also included a comprehensive literature review of genicular vascular injuries involving those arteries which lie near the targets of genicular nerve RFA. These adverse vascular events are documented in the literature as case reports. Of the 27 cases analyzed, 25.9% (7/27) involved the lateral superior genicular artery, 40.7% (11/27) involved the medial superior genicular artery, and 33.3% (9/27) involved the medial inferior genicular artery. Most often, these vascular injuries result in the formation of pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula (AVF) hemarthrosis, and/or osteonecrosis of the patella. Although rare, these complications carry significant morbidities. Based on the detailed dissections and review of the literature, our investigation suggests that vascular injury is a possible risk of genicular RFA. Lastly, recommendations are offered to minimize potential iatrogenic complications.
Inclusion of Global Navigation Satellite System radio occultation data into Center for Weather Forecast and Climate Studies Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (LETKF) using the Radio Occultation Processing Package as an observation operator

The Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (LETKF) is a system for data assimilation in the testing phase at the Center for Weather Forecast and Climate Studies of the Brazilian Institute for Space Research (CPTEC/INPE) This system introduces significant advantages over the traditional variational methodology in the inclusion of new observation systems because determining the observation operator does not involve inverse problems. The refractivity profile from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) radio occultation (RO) technique is an example of an additional source of unconventional observation with promising results over regions with low data coverage. To assimilate RO profiles using the LETKF system at CPTEC/INPE, the Radio Occultation Processing Package (ROPP) from Radio Occultation Meteorology Satellite Applications Facilities/European Organization for the Exploration of Meteorological Satellites (ROM SAF/EUMETSAT) was used as an observation operator. The goal of this work was to investigate the impact on the Atmospheric General Circulation Model of the CPTEC using ROPP as an operator of the assimilation of RO data into the LETKF system. The results showed that positive impacts were obtained in several evaluated variables, including humidity, particularly over South America, where the model used by the CPTEC produces better results.
Attentional control moderates the relationship between social anxiety symptoms and attentional disengagement from threatening information.
Venue: Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry

Social anxiety is characterized by biased attentional processing of social information. However, heterogeneity of extant findings suggests that it may be informative to elucidate individual difference factors that modulate the processing of emotional information. The current study examined whether individual differences in components of attentional control (AC shifting and focusing) moderated the link between social anxiety and attentional engagement and disengagement biases for threat relevant cues.  Seventy five undergraduate students completed well established measures of social anxiety symptoms, AC, and attentional bias for social threat information (modified probe detection task) RESULTS Moderation analyses revealed that at low levels of AC shifting, increased social anxiety was associated with slower disengagement from threat relevant compared to neutral social cues. In contrast, at high levels of AC shifting, social anxiety was associated with faster disengagement from threat relevant compared to neutral stimuli. Individual differences in AC focusing did not moderate the social anxiety attentional bias link.  Causal inferences cannot be made given the cross sectional study design. The sample comprised individuals displaying a range of self reported social anxiety symptoms; thus, generalizability to clinical samples remains to be established. The measurement of AC relied on subjective participant report.  The current findings underscore the importance of AC processes in understanding the nature of attentional bias mechanisms in anxiety.
Children of Few Words: Relations Among Selective Mutism, Behavioral Inhibition, and (Social) Anxiety Symptoms in 3 to 6 Year Olds
Venue: Child psychiatry and human development

Children with selective mutism (SM) fail to speak in specific public situations (e.g. school) despite speaking normally in other situations (e.g. at home) The current study explored the phenomenon of SM in a sample of 57 non clinical children aged 3 6 years. Children performed two speech tasks to assess their absolute amount of spoken words, while their parents completed questionnaires for measuring children's levels of SM, social anxiety and non social anxiety symptoms as well as the temperament characteristic of behavioral inhibition. The results indicated that high levels of parent reported SM were primarily associated with high levels of social anxiety symptoms. The number of spoken words was negatively related to behavioral inhibition: children with a more inhibited temperament used fewer words during the speech tasks. Future research is necessary to test whether the temperament characteristic of behavioral inhibition prompts children to speak less in novel social situations, and whether it is mainly social anxiety that turns this taciturnity into the psychopathology of SM.