nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Carbon Nanotubes Adsorbed Electrospun PA66 Nanofiber Bundles with Improved Conductivity and Robust Flexibility.
Venue: ACS applied materials interfaces

Electrospun polyamide (PA) 66 nanofiber bundles with high conductivity, improved strength, and robust flexibility were successfully manufactured through simply adsorbing multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) on the surface of electrospun PA66 nanofibers. The highest electrical conductivity (0.2 S/cm) and tensile strength (103.3 MPa) were achieved for the bundles immersed in the suspension with 0.05 wt MWNTs, indicating the formation of conductive network from adsorbed MWNTs on the surface of PA66 nanofibers. The decrease of porosity for the bundles immersed in the MWNT dispersion and the formation of hydrogen bond between PA66 nanofibers and MWNTs suggest a superb interfacial interaction, which is responsible for the excellent mechanical properties of the nanocomposite bundles. Furthermore, the resistance fluctuation under bending is less than 3.6% indicating a high flexibility of the nanocomposite bundles. The resistance of the nanocomposite bundle had a better linear dependence on the temperature applied between 30 and 150 degC. More importantly, such highest working temperature of 150 degC far exceeded that of other polymer based temperature sensors previously reported. This suggests that such prepared MWNTs adsorbed electrospun PA66 nanofiber bundles have great potentials in high temperature detectors.
Radial collapse of carbon nanotubes for conductivity optimized polymer composites

The optimization of the electronic conduction of carbon nanotube polymer composites is studied by tuning the radial geometry of the carbon nanotubes in a compression cycle. We have investigated the structural evolution of multi walled carbon nanotubes in a polyamide matrix as a function of applied high pressure. Combining high resolution electron microscopy and small angle neutron scattering experiments, we conclude that the nanotube radial cross section is irreversibly deformed following applied pressures up to 5 GPa. Studying highly percolated composites we observe that the sample resistivity drastically decreases with pressure up to about 2 GPa with no further change up to the maximum 5 GPa applied pressure. An important hysteresis is observed upon decompression which leads to an enhanced electrical conductivity of the composite in all the studied compression cycles with maximum pressures ranging from 1 to 5 GPa. Modelling the radial collapse of single walled carbon nanotubes shows that the modified radial geometry can considerably improve the electronic transport properties in contacted carbon nanotube junctions. Our results open opportunities for engineering nanotube composites by controlling the radial collapse.
Survey of cooperative advance driver assistance systems
Venue: 2016 International Conference on Control, Instrumentation, Communication and Computational Technologies (ICCICCT)

Due to the increase in number of vehicles traffic congestion problem has increased dramatically. This gave rise to systems like Driver Assistance Systems (DAS) that helps the driver to drive vehicle safely by sensing nearby vehicles and obstacles. It also increases road safety. Such systems also reduce the fatigue level of the driver as an added benefit. Then came in the Advance Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) that provides added features like collision avoidance by automatic braking, Adaptive cruise control, Blind spot detection, Fatigue warning, Lane departure warning and many more. With the introduction of Vehicle to Vehicle communication Advance Driver Assistance Systems got enhanced to Cooperative Advance Driver Assistance Systems (CADAS) Such systems can provide traffic situations and other information that are few kilometers ahead. In this paper we will review IEEE papers that propose techniques to implement Cooperative Advance Driver Assistance Systems and Intelligent Traffic Management system and compare it pros and cons, and also have a look on the practically feasible features.
Next generation genotype imputation service and methods
Venue: Nature Genetics

Genotype imputation is a key component of genetic association studies, where it increases power, facilitates meta analysis, and aids interpretation of signals. Genotype imputation is computationally demanding and, with current tools, typically requires access to a high performance computing cluster and to a reference panel of sequenced genomes. Here we describe improvements to imputation machinery that reduce computational requirements by more than an order of magnitude with no loss of accuracy in comparison to standard imputation tools. We also describe a new web based service for imputation that facilitates access to new reference panels and greatly improves user experience and productivity.
Evaluation of toxicity of nanoclays and graphene oxide in vivo: a Paramecium caudatum study

We report here the successful use of a protozoan model organism P. caudatum to investigate the toxicity of clay nanoparticles (montmorillonite, halloysite, kaolin, and bentonite) silica nanospheres and graphene oxide nanoflakes. The distribution of nanoparticles inside the cells was investigated using enhanced dark field microscopy. Biochemical and behavioural tests were employed to study the viability, vitality, nutrition and oxidative stress induction in ciliate protozoans. The nanoclay particles studied here exhibited very low or no toxicity towards P. caudatum, whereas graphene oxide was toxic.
"Candidatus Gortzia shahrazadis" a Novel Endosymbiont of Paramecium multimicronucleatum and a Revision of the Biogeographical Distribution of Holospora Like Bacteria
Venue: Front. Microbiol.

Holospora spp. and "Candidatus Gortzia infectiva" known as Holospora like bacteria (HLB) are commonly found as nuclear endosymbionts of ciliates, especially the Paramecium genus. HLB are related by phylogenetic relationships, morphological features, and life cycles, which involve two alternating morphotypes: reproductive and infectious forms (RF, IF) In this paper we describe a novel species belonging to the "Ca. Gortzia" genus, detected in P. multimicronucleatum, a ciliate for which infection by an HLB has not been reported, discovered in India. This novel endosymbiont shows unusual and surprising features with respect to other HLB, such as large variations in IF morphology and the occasional ability to reproduce in the host cytoplasm. We propose the name of "Candidatus Gortzia shahrazadis" for this novel HLB. Moreover, we report two additional species of HLB from Indian Paramecium populations: "Ca. Gortzia infectiva" (from P. jenningsi) and H. obtusa (from P. caudatum) the latter is the first record of Holospora from a tropical country. Although tropical, we retrieved H. obtusa at an elevation of 706 m corresponding to a moderate climate not unlike conditions where Holospora are normally found, suggesting the genus Holospora does exist in tropical countries, but restricted to higher elevations.
Paramecium tetraurelia basal body structure
Venue: Cilia

Paramecium is a free living unicellular organism, easy to cultivate, featuring ca. 4000 motile cilia emanating from longitudinal rows of basal bodies anchored in the plasma membrane. The basal body circumferential polarity is marked by the asymmetrical organization of its associated appendages. The complex basal body plus its associated rootlets forms the kinetid. Kinetids are precisely oriented within a row in correlation with the cell polarity. Basal bodies also display a proximo distal polarity with microtubule triplets at their proximal ends, surrounding a permanent cartwheel, and microtubule doublets at the transition zone located between the basal body and the cilium. Basal bodies remain anchored at the cell surface during the whole cell cycle. On the opposite to metazoan, there is no centriolar stage and new basal bodies develop anteriorly and at right angle from the base of the docked ones. Ciliogenesis follows a specific temporal pattern during the cell cycle and both unciliated and ciliated docked basal bodies can be observed in the same cell. The transition zone is particularly well organized with three distinct plates and a maturation of its structure is observed during the growth of the cilium. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses have been performed in different organisms including Paramecium to understand the ciliogenesis process. The data have incremented a multi organism database, dedicated to proteins involved in the biogenesis, composition and function of centrosomes, basal bodies or cilia. Thanks to its thousands of basal bodies and the well known choreography of their duplication during the cell cycle, Paramecium has allowed pioneer studies focusing on the structural and functional processes underlying basal body duplication. Proteins involved in basal body anchoring are sequentially recruited to assemble the transition zone thus indicating that the anchoring process parallels the structural differentiation of the transition zone. This feature offers an opportunity to dissect spatio temporally the mechanisms involved in the basal body anchoring process and transition zone formation.
A first screening and risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and additives in personal care products in waste water, sludge, recipient water and sediment from Faroe Islands, Iceland and Greenland.
Venue: The Science of the total environment

A screening of a broad range of pharmaceuticals and additives in personal care products (PPCPs) in sub arctic locations of the Faroe Islands (FO) Iceland (IS) and Greenland (GL) was conducted. In total 36 pharmaceuticals including some metabolites, and seven additives in personal care products were investigated in influent and effluent waters as well as sludge of waste water treatment plants (WWTPs) and in water and sediment of recipients. Concentrations and distribution patterns for PPCPs discharged via sewage lines (SLs) to the marine environment were assessed. Of the 36 pharmaceuticals or metabolites analysed 33 were found close to or above the limit of detection (LOD) in all or a part of the samples. All of the seven investigated additives in personal care products were detected above the LOD. Some of the analysed PPCPs occurred in every or almost every sample. Among these were diclofenac, ibuprofen, lidocaine, naproxen, metformin, citalopram, venlafaxine, amiloride, furosemide, metoprolol, sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and cetrimonium salt (ATAC C16) Additionally, the study encompasses ecotoxicological risk assessment of 2/3 of the analysed PPCPs in recipient and diluted effluent waters. For candesartan only a small margin to levels with inacceptable risks was observed in diluted effluent waters at two locations (FO) Chronical risks for aquatic organisms staying and/or living around WWTP effluent pipe outlets were indicated for 17b estradiol and estriol in the three countries. Additives in PCPs were found to pose the largest risk to the aquatic environment. The surfactants CAPB and ATAC C16 were found in concentrations resulting in risk factors up to 375 for CAPB and 165 for ATAC C16 in recipients for diluted effluents from Iggia, Nuuk (GL) and Torshavn (FO) respectively. These results demonstrates a potentially high ecological risk stemming from discharge of surfactants as used in household and industrial detergents as well as additives in personal care products.
Developing trust in close personal relationships: ethnic Chinese's experiences

This study seeks to understand and describe the essences of the experience of trust development in close personal relationships. A review of the literature reveals that prior Western studies emphasised the processes of trust development, while prior Chinese studies focused on actions that need to be taken to develop trust. In addition, most prior trust development studies were confined to workplace, exchange and acquaintance relationships. To fill the gaps, this empirical study seeks to understand how trust develops in close relationships between parents and children, married couples, romantic partners and close friends. It employs a qualitative phenomenological method to collect data through in depth interviews with 14 Chinese adults in Taiwan who have successfully developed trust in these close relationships. The findings revealed that trust development involves not only demonstrating trustworthiness through meeting expectations based on roles, norms and needs but also engaging in effective communication in times of change and conflict. The findings advance the existing knowledge of trust development by providing a comprehensive, action taking model with applicability to broader close relationships under studied by prior researchers. They have implications on trust development strategies in the Chinese context that are critical for Westerners to know as they do business with the Chinese.
Application of TCE PCM based heat sinks for cooling of electronic components: A review

Generally, the commercial and industrial electronic devices are required to be operated under 100degC.Therefore, there is a need to remove heat effectively from these devices under different loading conditions. Till now, Phase Change Material (PCM) based heat sinks are emerging as one of the effective techniques for removal of heat from the electronic devices. However, the low thermal conductivity of PCM situates a hindrance to the development. Thus, current research focuses on improving the thermal performance of PCM using thermal conductivity enhancer (TCE) At present internal fins, metallic foams and nano particles are mixed with PCM to enhance the performance of heat sinks. These are called as thermal conductivity enhancers. This article reviews methodologically various papers on the methods used for enhancement of PCM performance in cooling of electronic components. The effect of various parameters influencing the performance of the TCE PCM based heat sinks are discussed in systematic order. The performance of these heat sinks under constant and variable thermal load are also evaluated. Out of these three TCE, metallic foams in heat sinks provides a higher surface area to volume ratio, good thermal conductivity and considerable weight advantage.
A method of 3D human motion capture and reconstruction based on depth information
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation

During the past decades, motion capture has become a very important role in computer animation. However, real time, anti interference and robust motion tracking of video sequences is still very challenging. Kinect is a popular motion sensor which can obtain human motion data. But when taking into practice, there are no adequate implementations on how to extract skeleton data from the depth image, bind skeleton model with motion data. In this paper, we propose a method for human motion capture based on the characteristic of Kinect2, made an improvement based on the traditional method. Finally, we develop a 3D human motion capture and reconstruction system. A detailed procedure of implementation is demonstrated. Experiments have shown that motions of virtual character are controlled by the real person completely and accurately, and the system has advantages of real time, low cost and high accuracy.
OGB: A Distinctive and Efficient Feature for Mobile Augmented Reality
Venue: MMM

The distinctiveness and efficiency of a feature descriptor used for object recognition and tracking are fundamental to the user experience of a mobile augmented reality MAR system. However, existing descriptors are either too compute expensive to achieve real time performance on a mobile device, or not sufficiently distinctive to identify correct matches from a large database. As a result, current MAR systems are still limited in both functionalities and capabilities, which greatly restrict their deployment in practice. In this paper, we propose a highly distinctive and efficient binary descriptor, called Oriented Gradients Binary OGB. OGB captures the major edge/gradient structure that is an important characteristic of local shapes and appearance. Specifically, OGB computes the distribution of major edge/gradient directions within an image patch. To achieve high efficiency, aggressive down sampling is applied to the patch to significantly reduce the computational complexity, while maintaining major edge/gradient directions within the patch. Comparing to the state of the art binary descriptors including ORB, BRISK and FREAK, which are primarily designed for speed, OGB has similar construction efficiency, while achieves a superior performance for both object recognition and tracking tasks running on a mobile handheld device.
Tracking dynamic piecewise constant network topologies via adaptive tensor factorization
Venue: 2016 IEEE Global Conference on Signal and Information Processing (GlobalSIP)

This paper deals with tracking dynamic piecewise constant network topologies that underpin complex systems including online social networks, neural pathways in the brain, and the world wide web. Leveraging a structural equation model (SEM) in which only second order statistics of exogenous inputs are known, the topology inference problem is recast using three way tensors constructed from observed nodal data. To facilitate real time operation, an adaptive parallel factor (PARAFAC) tensor decomposition is advocated to track the topology revealing tensor factors. Preliminary tests on simulated data corroborate the effectiveness of the novel tensor based approach.
Overlapping Community Structure Detection of Brain Functional Network Using Non negative Matrix Factorization
Venue: ICONIP

Community structure, as a main feature of a complex network, has been investigated recently under the assumption that the identified communities are non overlapping. However, few studies have revealed the overlapping community structure of the brain functional network, despite the fact that communities of most real networks overlap. In this paper, we propose a novel framework to identify the overlapping community structure of the brain functional network by using the symmetric non negative matrix factorization (SNMF) in which we develop a non negative adaptive sparse representation (NASR) to produce an association matrix. Experimental results on fMRI data sets show that, compared with modularity optimization, normalized cuts and affinity propagation, SNMF identifies the community structure more accurately and can shed new light on the understanding of brain functional systems.
Development of a mechanism and an accurate and simple mathematical model for the description of drug release: Application to a relevant example of acetazolamide controlled release from a bio inspired elastin based hydrogel.
Venue: Materials science engineering. C, Materials for biological applications

Transversality between mathematical modeling, pharmacology, and materials science is essential in order to achieve controlled release systems with advanced properties. In this regard, the area of biomaterials provides a platform for the development of depots that are able to achieve controlled release of a drug, whereas pharmacology strives to find new therapeutic molecules and mathematical models have a connecting function, providing a rational understanding by modeling the parameters that influence the release observed. Herein we present a mechanism which, based on reasonable assumptions, explains the experimental data obtained very well. In addition, we have developed a simple and accurate "lumped" kinetics model to correctly fit the experimentally observed drug release behavior. This lumped model allows us to have simple analytic solutions for the mass and rate of drug release as a function of time without limitations of time or mass of drug released, which represents an important step forward in the area of in vitro drug delivery when compared to the current state of the art in mathematical modeling. As an example, we applied the mechanism and model to the release data for acetazolamide from a recombinant polymer. Both materials were selected because of a need to develop a suitable ophthalmic formulation for the treatment of glaucoma. The in vitro release model proposed herein provides a valuable predictive tool for ensuring product performance and batch to batch reproducibility, thus paving the way for the development of further pharmaceutical devices.
Social network analysis of a gamified e learning course: Small world phenomenon and network metrics as predictors of academic performance
Venue: Comput. Hum. Behav.

Social networks and gamification are having an important and growing role in education. Social networks provide unknown communication and connection possibilities while games have the potential to engage students. This paper analyzes the structure of the social network resulting from a gamified social undergraduate course as well as the influence that student's position has on learning achievement. In a semester long experiment, a social networking site was delivered to students providing gamified activities and enabling social interaction and collaboration. Social network analysis was used to build the network graph and to compute four measures of the overall network and nine measures for each participant. Individual measures were then assessed as predictors of students' achievement using three different methods: correlation, principal component analysis and multiple linear regressions. The resulting social network has 167 actors and 2505 links, and it can be characterized as a small world. All analyses agreed on the potential of structural metrics as predictors of learning achievement but they differ in the measures considered as significant. A moderate correlation was found between most centrality measures and learning achievement. A social gamified system is used to gather information about the social network.The underlying social network is analyzed using Social Network Analysis (SNA).The resulting social network of a gamified course is a small world.Network metrics are assessed as predictors of learning achievement.Predictive models differ significantly and have limited representativity.
Social power and leadership in cross cultural context

The purpose of this paper is to examine how the exercise of power by leaders is impacted by cultural factors. The authors present a conceptual framework to examine the interaction of various cultural dimensions with harsh and soft power bases, thereby delineating the cross cultural appropriateness of various power bases that may be tapped by organizational leaders.  Compatibility of each cultural dimension with harsh of soft power bases is conceptually examined, in the context of Raven's power interaction model of interpersonal influence.  Soft power bases are more likely to be activated by managers in cultures that are collectivist, loose, long term oriented, but low on power distance and uncertainty avoidance. Harsh power bases are expected to be chosen for influencing subordinates in cultures that are tight, short term oriented, and high in power distance.  This is only an initial attempt to look at the exercise of soci.
Gossiping about the Buddha of Gottingen: Heinrich Ewald as an Unscholarly Persona
Venue: History of Humanities

Heinrich Ewald is a very peculiar figure in the history of nineteenth century German Oriental studies. Though his scholarly prowess was generally recognized, his harsh criticisms of the publications and especially of the character of his colleagues placed him at the periphery of his profession. His peers refused to let themselves be overly influenced by his strong opinions and moral outrage. At the same time, their gossip about his supposed flaws of character did have a noticeable impact. Gossiping about Ewald served both as a way to cement personal bonds and as a means of articulating peer group norms and boundaries. Most of all, Ewald's obvious deviation from the highly valued cultural model of the modest scholar gave his colleagues the opportunity to propagate this model by condemning his shortcomings. Because of his perceived missteps, the name Ewald even developed into a shorthand for what can be described as an "unscholarly persona."