nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Frontline employees' collaboration in industrial service innovation: routes of co creation's effects on new service performance

From a Service Dominant Logic (S DL) perspective, employees constitute operant resources that firms can draw to enhance the outcomes of innovation efforts. While research acknowledges that frontline employees (FLEs) constitute, through service encounters, a key interface for the transfer of valuable external knowledge into the firm, the range of potential benefits derived from FLE driven innovation deserves more investigation. Using a sample of knowledge intensive business services firms (KIBS) this study examines how the collaboration with FLEs along the new service development (NSD) process, namely FLE co creation, impacts on service innovation performance following two routes of different effects. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS SEM) results indicate that FLE co creation benefits the NS success among FLEs and firm's customers, the constituents of the resources route. FLE co creation also has a positive effect on the NSD speed, which in turn enhances the NS quality. NSD speed and NS quality integrate the operational route, which proves to be the most effective path to impact the NS market performance. Accordingly, KIBS managers must value their FLEs as essential partners to achieve successful innovation from an internal and external perspective, and develop the appropriate mechanisms to guarantee their effective involvement along the NSD process.
Discoveries and controversies in BCL 2 protein mediated apoptosis
Venue: The FEBS journal

B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL 2) family proteins mediate mitochondrial apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) which leads to the activation of the downstream caspase cascade to execute apoptosis. The pro apoptotic and anti apoptotic BCL 2 proteins function through protein protein interactions in soluble and membrane associated states. How soluble BCL 2 proteins interact is well understood. Anti apoptotic proteins, such as BCL 2 and BCL xL, and the pro apoptotic effectors of MOMP, including BAK and BAX, interact with pro apoptotic BCL 2 homology 3 (BH3) only proteins similarly. Whereas anti apoptotic BCL 2 proteins tightly bind all the BH3 only proteins to block apoptosis initiation, the effector BCL 2 proteins are potently triggered by specific BH3 only proteins to undergo conformational changes, membrane association and insertion, oligomerization, and pore formation. The anti apoptotic BCL 2 proteins also inhibit the activated effectors. p53 is a direct BAX activator inhibited by BCL xL, defining a prototype non canonical modulator of BCL 2 proteins mediated MOMP. How BCL 2 proteins cooperate in the presence of membranes remains poorly understood, impeding our understanding of MOMP and apoptosis. Here, we highlight the latest structural views of MOMP by BCL 2 proteins.
Protein Kinase RNA Like Endoplasmic Reticulum Kinase Mediated Bcl 2 Protein Phosphorylation Contributes to Evodiamine Induced Apoptosis of Human Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells
Venue: PloS one

We investigated the anticancer mechanism of evodiamine (EVO) against the viability of human A498 renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro study showed that EVO decreased the viability of A498 cells with the occurrence of apoptotic characteristics such as hypodiploid cells, DNA ladders, chromatin condensed cells, and cleaved caspase (Casp) 3/poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) proteins. Pharmacological studies using chemical inhibitors of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) indicated that phosphorylation of the c Jun N terminal kinase (JNK) protein participated in EVO induced cell death of A498 cells, and application of the JNK inhibitor, SP600125 (SP) inhibited EVO induced cleavage of the Casp 3/PARP proteins and chromatin condensation according to Giemsa staining. EVO disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) with increased protein levels of the phosphorylated Bcl 2 protein (p Bcl 2) was prevented by JNK inhibitors in A498 cells. A structure activity relationship study showed that a methyl group at position 14 in EVO was important for its apoptotic effects and increased p Bcl 2 protein in A498 cells. Furthermore, significant increases in the phosphorylated endoplasmic reticular stress protein, protein kinase RNA like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (p PERK at Thr980) by EVO were detected in A498 cells, and the PERK inhibitor, GSK2606414, significantly suppressed EVO induced apoptosis, p JNK, p PERK, and cleaved PARP proteins. The in vivo study showed that EVO significantly reduced RCC growth elicited by a subcutaneous injection of A498 cells, and an increased protein level of p PERK was observed according to an immunohistochemical analysis. Apoptosis by EVO was also demonstrated in other RCC cells such as 786 O, ACHN, and Caki 1 cells. This is the first study to demonstrate the anti RCC effect of EVO via apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, and activation of JNK and PERK to induce Bcl 2 protein phosphorylation, which led to disruption of the MMP.
Hematologic malignancies: newer strategies to counter the BCL 2 protein
Venue: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology

IntroductionBCL 2 is the founding member of the BCL 2 family of apoptosis regulatory proteins that either induce (pro apoptotic) or inhibit (anti apoptotic) apoptosis. The anti apoptotic BCL 2 is classified as an oncogene, as damage to the BCL 2 gene has been shown to cause a number of cancers, including lymphoma. Ongoing research has demonstrated that disruption of BCL 2 leads to cell death. BCL 2 is also known to be involved in the development of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, further underscoring the importance of targeting the BCL 2 gene in cancer therapeutics. Thus, numerous approaches have been developed to block or modulate the production of BCL 2 at the RNA level using antisense oligonucleotides or at the protein level with BCL 2 inhibitors, such as the novel ABT737.MethodsIn this article, we briefly review previous strategies to target the BCL 2 gene and focus on a new approach to silence DNA, DNA interference (DNAi).Results and conclusionDNA interference is aimed at blocking BCL 2 gene transcription. Evaluations of this technology in preclinical and early clinical studies are very encouraging and strongly support further development of DNAi as cancer therapeutics. A pilot phase II clinical trial in patients with relapsed or refractory non Hodgkin lymphoma, PNT2258 demonstrated clinical benefit in 11 of 13 patients with notable responses in diffuse large B cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma. By targeting the DNA directly, the DNAi technology promises to be more effective compared with other gene interference strategies that target the RNA or protein but leaves the dysregulated DNA functional.
Life cycle assessment of grid connected photovoltaic power generation from crystalline silicon solar modules in China

The environmental impacts of grid connected photovoltaic (PV) power generation from crystalline silicon (c Si) solar modules in China have been investigated using life cycle assessment (LCA) The life cycle inventory was first analyzed. Then the energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission during every process were estimated in detail, and finally the life cycle value was calculated. The results showed that the energy payback time (TEPBT) of grid connected PV power with crystalline silicon solar modules ranges from 1.6 to 2.3years, while the GHG emissions now range from 60.1 to 87.3g CO2,eq/kWh depending on the installation methods. About 84% or even more of the total energy consumption and total GHG emission occupied during the PV manufacturing process. The solar grade silicon (SoG Si) production is the most energy consuming and GHG emitting process, which accounts for more than 35% of the total energy consumption and the total GHG emission. The results presented in this study are expected to provide useful information to enact reasonable policies, development targets, as well as subsidies for PV technology in China.
A Near Optimal Model Based Control Algorithm for Households Equipped With Residential Photovoltaic Power Generation and Energy Storage Systems
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy

Integrating residential photovoltaic (PV) power generation and energy storage systems into the Smart Grid is an effective way of reducing fossil fuel consumptions. This has become a particularly interesting problem with the introduction of dynamic electricity energy pricing, since consumers can use their PV based energy generation and controllable energy storage devices for peak shaving on their power demand profile, thereby minimizing their electricity bill. A realistic electricity pricing function is considered with billing period of a month, comprising both an energy price component and a demand price component. Due to the characteristics of electricity price function and energy storage capacity limitation, the residential storage control algorithm should 1)utilize PV power generation and load power consumption predictions and 2)account for various energy loss components during system operation, including energy loss components due to rate capacity effect in the storage system and power dissipation of the power conversion circuitry. A near optimal storage control algorithm is proposed accounting for these aspects. The near optimal algorithm, which controls the charging/discharging of the storage system, is effectively implemented by solving a convex optimization problem at the beginning of each day with polynomial time complexity. For further improvement, the reinforcement learning technique is adopted to adaptively determine the residual energy in the storage system at the end of each day in a billing period.
Pay for Performance in Medicaid: Evidence from Three Natural Experiments.
Venue: Health services research

To examine the impact of pay for performance in Medicaid on the quality and utilization of care.  Medicaid claims and encounter data in three intervention states (Pennsylvania, Minnesota, and Alabama) and three comparison states.  Difference in difference analysis with propensity score matched comparison group. Primary outcomes of interest were Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) like process measures of quality, utilization by service category, and ambulatory care sensitive admissions and emergency department visits.  In Pennsylvania, there was a statistically significant reduction of 88 ambulatory visits per 1,000 enrollee months compared with Florida. In Minnesota, there was a significant decrease of 7.2 hospital admissions per thousand enrollee months compared with Wisconsin. In Alabama, where incentives were not paid out until the end of a 2 year waiver period, there was a decline of 1.6 hospital admissions per thousand member months, and an increase of 59 ambulatory visits per 1,000 enrollees compared with Georgia. No significant quality improvements in intervention relative to control states.  Our findings are mixed, with no measurable quality improvements across the three states, but reductions in hospital admissions in two programs. As states move to value based payment for patient centered medical homes and Accountable Care Organizations, lessons learned from these pioneering states should inform program design.
Greenhouse gas emissions from key infrastructure sectors in larger and smaller Chinese cities: method development and benchmarking

With massive urbanization and infrastructure investments occurring in China, understanding GHG emissions from infrastructure use in small and large Chinese cities with different administrative levels is important for building future low carbon cities. This paper identifies diverse data sources to assess GHG emission from community wide infrastructure footprints (CIF) in four Chinese cities of varying population (1 to 20 million people) and administrative levels: Yixing, Qinhuangdao, Xiamen and Beijing. CIF addresses seven infrastructure sectors providing energy (fuels/coal) electricity, water supply and wastewater treatment, transportation, municipal waste management, construction materials, and food to support urban activities. Industrial energy use dominates the infrastructure GHG CIF in all four cities, ranging from 76% of total CIF in Yixing to 30% in Beijing, followed by residential energy use (6 13% transportation (4 12% commercial energy use (2 25% food (6 11% cement use (3 8% and water (about 1% thereby identifying priorities for low carbon infrastructure development. Trans boundary footprint contributions ranged from 31% (Beijing) to 8% (Qinhuangdao) indicating that supply chains to cities are important. GHGs from energy use are dominated by electricity (35 45% and non electricity coal use (30 50% The authors demonstrate that disaggregated infrastructure use efficiency metrics in each infrastructure sector provide useful baseline performance data for comparing diverse cities.
3 D equivalent magnetic circuit network for precise and fast analysis of PM assisted claw pole synchronous motor
Venue: 2016 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)

PM assisted claw pole synchronous motor (CPSM) has commonly been used in a variety of industrial applications, thanks to its robust structure and high energy density. However, such motor has an axially asymmetric rotor configuration, which induces the corresponding 3 D magnetic field distribution. Thus, this paper develops an infinitesimal hexahedron element based 3 D equivalent magnetic circuit network (EMCN) to estimate the performance of the PM assisted CPSM. The hexahedron element can be considered as an optimum unit element in describing the configuration of the PM assisted CPSM in detail. That eventually makes it possible to analyze the specific 3 D magnetic field distribution from which the flux linkage, the back electro motive force, the d and q axis inductances, and the electromagnetic torque are also being calculated. The results from the 3 D EMCN are compared with those from the 3 D FEA and/or the experiment so as to validate the accuracy. Finally, it is proved that the 3 D EMCN requires a shorter computing time than the 3 D FEA.
Standstill frequency response test for obtaining parameters of six phase double delta salient pole synchronous machine on example of claw pole alternator
Venue: 2016 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM)

The current publication introduces an approach for obtaining parameters of a six phase double delta salient pole synchronous machine, based on the standstill frequency response test. The described approach was verified by measurements on a automotive claw pole alternator, done in a laboratory on a test bench.
Study of the Influence of the Fabrication Process Imperfections on the Performance of a Claw Pole Synchronous Machine Using a Stochastic Approach
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Magnetics

In mass production, fabrication processes of electrical machines are not perfectly repeatable with time, leading to dispersions on the dimensions which are not equal to their nominal values. The issue is then to link the dispersions on the dimensions, which are uncertain to the performance of electrical machines in order to evaluate their influence. To deal with uncertainty, there is a growing interest in the stochastic approach, which consists of modeling the uncertain parameters with random variables. In fact, this approach enables us to quantify the influence of the variability of the uncertain parameters on the variability of the quantities of interest. In this paper, a stochastic approach coupled with a 3 D finite element model is used to study the influence of the fabrication process imperfections, such as the rotor eccentricity and the stator deformation, on the performance of a claw pole synchronous machine.
Hybrid System Modeling and Operation Schedule Optimization for Gas Transportation Network Based on Combined Method of DE, GA and Hybrid Petri Net
Venue: 2016 5th IIAI International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics (IIAI AAI)

We present an integrated Differential Evolution (DE) Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Hybrid Petri net (HPN) based approach for scheduling of a hybrid dynamical transport network operation. The main advantage of the proposed approach is a reduction of complexity in the optimization problem formulation for a system with non linear constraints and hybrid discrete continuous parameters and the impact of discontinuities of the search space ensued by autonomous switching of the network components. In particular the scheduling problem for a natural gas compressor station with parallel pumps is addressed in the case study.
On the Maximum Storage Capacity of the Hopfield Model
Venue: Frontiers Comput. Neurosci.

Recurrent neural networks (RNN) have traditionally been of great interest for their capacity to store memories. In past years, several works have been devoted to determine the maximum storage capacity of RNN, especially for the case of the Hopfield network, the most popular kind of RNN. Analyzing the thermodynamic limit of the statistical properties of the Hamiltonian corresponding to the Hopfield neural network, it has been shown in the literature that the retrieval errors diverge when the number of stored memory patterns (P) exceeds a fraction 14% of the network size N. In this paper, we study the storage performance of a generalized Hopfield model, where the diagonal elements of the connection matrix are allowed to be different from zero. We investigate this model at finite N. We give an analytical expression for the number of retrieval errors and show that, by increasing the number of stored patterns over a certain threshold, the errors start to decrease and reach values below unit for P N. We demonstrate that the strongest trade off between efficiency and effectiveness relies on the number of patterns (P) that are stored in the network by appropriately fixing the connection weights. When PN and the diagonal elements of the adjacency matrix are not forced to be zero, the optimal storage capacity is obtained with a number of stored memories much larger than previously reported. This theory paves the way to the design of RNN with high storage capacity and able to retrieve the desired pattern without distortions.
Exact quantisation of the relativistic Hopfield model

We investigate the quantisation in the Heisenberg representation of a relativistically covariant version of the Hopfield model for dielectric media, which entails the interaction of the quantum electromagnetic field with the matter dipole fields, represented by a mesoscopic polarisation field. A full quantisation of the model is provided in a covariant gauge, with the aim of maintaining explicit relativistic covariance. Breaking of the Lorentz invariance due to the intrinsic presence in the model of a preferred reference frame is also taken into account. Relativistic covariance forces us to deal with the unphysical (scalar and longitudinal) components of the fields, furthermore it introduces, in a more tricky form, the well known dipole ghost of standard QED in a covariant gauge. In order to correctly dispose of this contribution, we implement a generalised Lautrup trick. Furthermore, causality and the relation of the model with the Wightman axioms are also discussed.
Occurrence of bacteria species responsible for vibriosis in shrimp pond culture systems in Sri Lanka and assessment of the suitable control measures

Shrimp culture in Sri Lanka is continuously affected by bacterial infections and most symptoms agree with the disease called vibriosis. Therefore a bacteriological study was undertaken in shrimp farms to identify the diversity of pathogenic Vibrio species, favorable environmental conditions for them and sensitivity to antibiotics to control them. Water and infected animals from shrimp farms of the Western and North Western provinces were screened for Vibrio Conventional methods were used for presumptive identification of isolated bacteria. Water quality was analyzed by spectophotometric methods. Disk diffusion technique was used to evaluate antibiotic sensitivity. During the study, 40 bacteria isolates belonging to the family Vibrionaceae were recorded. Of those, 24 isolates belonged to Vibrio species which are responsible for vibriosis in shrimps. Those were Vibrio alginolyticus V. parahaemolyticus V. damsela and V. anguillarum Most frequently isolated species was V. parahaemolyticus All Vibrio isolates were found to be resistant to Ampicillin, Gentamycin, Oxytetracyclin, Chloramphenicol, Trimethoprim and Kanamicin, which are commonly used antibiotics in aquaculture. Water quality conditions indicated that the alkaline pH conditions and high salinity and ammonia levels favour the occurrence of high vibrio counts. Results indicate that the application of antibiotics for the control of vibriosis in shrimp farms has limited effectiveness due to the development of resistant bacterial strains and environmental management is the best management intervention that can be used to control this disease.
Spectroscopic insights into the nature of active sites in iron nitrogen carbon electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction in acid

Developing efficient and inexpensive catalysts for the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) constitutes one of the grand challenges in the fabrication of commercially viable fuel cell devices and metal air batteries for future energy applications. Despite recent achievements in designing advanced Pt based and Pt free catalysts, current progress primarily involves an empirical approach of trial and error combination of precursors and synthesis conditions, which limits further progress. Rational design of catalyst materials requires proper understanding of the mechanistic origin of the ORR and the underlying surface properties under operating conditions that govern catalytic activity. Herein, several different groups of iron based catalysts synthesized via different methods and/or precursors were systematically studied by combining multiple spectroscopic techniques under ex situ and in situ conditions in an effort to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the synthesis products correlations, nature of active sites, and the reaction mechanisms. These catalysts include original macrocycles, macrocycle pyrolyzed catalysts, and Fe N C catalysts synthesized from individual Fe, N, and C precursors including polymer based catalysts, metal organic framework (MOF) based catalysts, and sacrificial support method (SSM) based catalysts. The latter group of catalysts is most promising as not only they exhibit exceptional ORR activity and/or durability, but also the final products are controllable. We show that the high activity observed for most pyrolyzed Fe based catalysts can mainly be attributed to a single active site: non planar Fe N4 moiety embedded in distorted carbon matrix characterized by a high potential for the Fe2+/3+ redox transition in acidic electrolyte/environment. The high intrinsic ORR activity, or turnover frequency (TOF) of this site is shown to be accounted for by redox catalysis mechanism that highlights the dominant role of the site blocking effect. Moreover, a highly active MOF based catalyst without Fe N moieties was developed, and the active sites were identified as nitrogen doped carbon fibers with embedded iron particles that are not directly involved in the oxygen reduction pathway. The high ORR activity and durability of catalysts involving this second site, as demonstrated in fuel cell, are attributed to the high density of active sites and the elimination or reduction of Fenton type processes. The latter are initiated by hydrogen peroxide but are known to be accelerated by iron ions exposed to the surface, resulting in the formation of damaging free radicals.