nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D And Chronic Periodontitis A Randomised Double Blinded Placebo Controlled Parallel Clinical Trial

Vitamin D is crucial for a wide variety of organ systems; nevertheless, evidence has demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency may place subjects at risk for not only low mineral bone density /osteoporosis and osteopenia but also infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases Vitamin D also has anti inflammatory effects by suppressing pro inflammatory cytokines through its effect on bone and mineral metabolism, innate immunity and several VDR gene polymorphisms, vitamin D has been reported to be associated with periodontal disease.  To assess anti inflammatory effect of vitamin D3, when administered as monotherapy in generalised chronic periodontitis.  This study comprises of 56 patients of generalised chronic periodontitis who were screened for their serum vitamin D3 levels. Out of which 30 patients who were vitamin D3 deficient <20ng/ml) formed the study group. They were randomly given either vitamin D3 supplement or placebo. The Periodontal parameters and RVG were taken before treatment and post treatment after 2 months.  The results of this study indicate a probing pocket depth reduction in the vitamin D supplement group. The post treatment pocket depth is 5.3472 compared to 5.7661 in the pretreatment group. A correlation of 0.667 and statistically significant (p<0.002) reduction in pocket depth is noted. Clinical attachment gain in the post treatment group was 35.61 compared to the pre treatment mean value 33.72 indicat ing a statistically significant gain in the clinical attachment (p<0.000)  Vitamin D deficiency may place subjects at risk for not only low bone mineral density/osteoporosis and osteopenia, but also infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases like periodontitis.
Nrf2 suppresses macrophage inflammatory response by blocking proinflammatory cytokine transcription
Venue: Nature communications

Nrf2 (NF E2 related factor 2) transcription factor regulates oxidative/xenobiotic stress response and also represses inflammation. However, the mechanisms how Nrf2 alleviates inflammation are still unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Nrf2 interferes with lipopolysaccharide induced transcriptional upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL 6 and IL 1b. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) seq and ChIP qPCR analyses revealed that Nrf2 binds to the proximity of these genes in macrophages and inhibits RNA Pol II recruitment. Further, we found that Nrf2 mediated inhibition is independent of the Nrf2 binding motif and reactive oxygen species level. Murine inflammatory models further demonstrated that Nrf2 interferes with IL6 induction and inflammatory phenotypes in vivo. Thus, contrary to the widely accepted view that Nrf2 suppresses inflammation through redox control, we demonstrate here that Nrf2 opposes transcriptional upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine genes. This study identifies Nrf2 as the upstream regulator of cytokine production and establishes a molecular basis for an Nrf2 mediated anti inflammation approach.
The Dual Roles of NRF2 in Cancer.
Venue: Trends in molecular medicine

NRF2 has been traditionally considered as a tumor suppressor because its cytoprotective functions are deemed to be the main cellular defense mechanism against exogenous and endogenous insults, including xenobiotics and oxidative stress. However, several recent studies demonstrate that hyperactivation of the NRF2 pathway creates an environment that favors the survival of normal as well as malignant cells, protecting them against oxidative stress, chemotherapeutic agents, and radiotherapy. In a rapidly advancing field, this review summarizes some of the known mechanisms by which NRF2 can exert its oncogenic functions, and describes the current status of NRF2 inhibitors, providing a clear rationale for the consideration of NRF2 as a powerful putative therapeutic target in cancer treatment.
Association Between a Single General Anesthesia Exposure Before Age 36 Months and Neurocognitive Outcomes in Later Childhood.
Venue: JAMA

Exposure of young animals to commonly used anesthetics causes neurotoxicity including impaired neurocognitive function and abnormal behavior. The potential neurocognitive and behavioral effects of anesthesia exposure in young children are thus important to understand.  To examine if a single anesthesia exposure in otherwise healthy young children was associated with impaired neurocognitive development and abnormal behavior in later childhood.  Sibling matched cohort study conducted between May 2009 and April 2015 at 4 university based US pediatric tertiary care hospitals. The study cohort included sibling pairs within 36 months in age and currently 8 to 15 years old. The exposed siblings were healthy at surgery/anesthesia. Neurocognitive and behavior outcomes were prospectively assessed with retrospectively documented anesthesia exposure data.  A single exposure to general anesthesia during inguinal hernia surgery in the exposed sibling and no anesthesia exposure in the unexposed sibling, before age 36 months.  The primary outcome was global cognitive function (IQ) Secondary outcomes included domain specific neurocognitive functions and behavior. A detailed neuropsychological battery assessed IQ and domain specific neurocognitive functions. Parents completed validated, standardized reports of behavior.  Among the 105 sibling pairs, the exposed siblings (mean age, 17.3 months at surgery/anesthesia; 9.5% female) and the unexposed siblings (44% female) had IQ testing at mean ages of 10.6 and 10.9 years, respectively. All exposed children received inhaled anesthetic agents, and anesthesia duration ranged from 20 to 240 minutes, with a median duration of 80 minutes. Mean IQ scores between exposed siblings (scores: full scale 111; performance 108; verbal 111) and unexposed siblings (scores: full scale 111; performance 107; verbal 111) were not statistically significantly different. Differences in mean IQ scores between sibling pairs were: full scale 0.2 (95% CI, 2.6 to 2.9) performance 0.5 (95% CI, 2.7 to 3.7) and verbal 0.5 (95% CI, 3.2 to 2.2) No statistically significant differences in mean scores were found between sibling pairs in memory/learning, motor/processing speed, visuospatial function, attention, executive function, language, or behavior.  Among healthy children with a single anesthesia exposure before age 36 months, compared with healthy siblings with no anesthesia exposure, there were no statistically significant differences in IQ scores in later childhood. Further study of repeated exposure, prolonged exposure, and vulnerable subgroups is needed.
Practice Guidelines for Obstetric Anesthesia: An Updated Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Obstetric Anesthesia and the Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology.
Venue: Anesthesiology

<zdoi;10.1097/ALN.0000000000000935> Anesthesiology, V 124 No 2 270 February 2016 P RACTICE guidelines are systematically developed recommendations that assist the practitioner and patient in making decisions about health care. These recommendations may be adopted, modified, or rejected according to the clinical needs and constraints and are not intended to replace local institutional policies. In addition, practice guidelines developed by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) are not intended as standards or absolute requirements, and their use cannot guarantee any specific outcome. Practice guidelines are subject to revision as warranted by the evolution of medical knowledge, technology, and practice. They provide basic recommendations that are supported by a synthesis and analysis of the current literature, expert and practitioner opinion, open forum commentary, and clinical feasibility data. This document updates the "Practice Guidelines for Obstetric Anesthesia: An Updated Report by the ASA Task Force on Obstetric Anesthesia," adopted by ASA in 2006 and published in 2007.
Optimization of textural properties of noodles with soluble fiber, dough mixing time and different water levels

Partially hydrolyzed guar gum as soluble fiber source has been investigated for fiber fortified noodles with health benefits. The study investigated the effect of soluble fiber level (1 5 g/100 g of flour) water level (30 40 ml/100 g of flour) and mixing time (2 6 min) on textural properties such as hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, chewiness and resilience. The addition of soluble fiber in flour for noodles making was found to have a significant effect on all the hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, chewiness and resilience whereas water level and mixing time showed significant effect on hardness, adhesiveness and cohesiveness of noodles. The optimized values for soluble fiber level, water level and mixing time were 3.4 g/100 g of flour, 36.0 ml/100 g of flour and 5 min, respectively. Results revealed that fortification of noodles with PHGG (3.4% increased the soluble fiber content to 3.62% as compared to control noodles (1.07%
Response surface analysis and extrusion process optimisation of maize mungbean based instant weaning food

This study was conducted to produce high quality weaning food from easily available and low cost raw materials by extrusion technology. Weaning mix was developed using extrudates of maize (Zea mays) and mungbean (Vigna radiata) flour with a twin screw extruder. Experiments were designed using three independent variables [feed moisture (12.6 19.4% screw speed (349 601 rpm) and barrel temperature (108 192 degC) and five dependent variables (specific mechanical energy, bulk density, water absorption index, water solubility index and degree of gelatinisation) at five levels of central composite rotatable design (CCRD) Optimisation results indicated that feed moisture of 14.33% screw speed of 524 rpm and barrel temperature of 174 degC would produce maize mungbean extrudates of preferable functional properties. The optimised weaning mix contained maize mungbean extrudates 40% skim milk powder 35% and sugar 25% (w/w) The nutrient content of the weaning mix was in accordance with the standards specified by PFA, (2004) with high protein and starch digestibility.
Terrain Dependant Control of Hexapod Robots Using Vision
Venue: ISER

The ability to traverse uneven terrain is one of the key advantages of legged robots. However, their effectiveness relies on selecting appropriate gait parameters, such as stride height and leg stiffness. The optimal parameters highly depend on the characteristics of the terrain. This work presents a novel stereo vision based terrain sensing method for a hexapod robot with 30 degrees of freedom. The terrain in front of the robot is analyzed by extracting a set of features which enable the system to characterize a large number of terrain types. Gait parameters and leg stiffness for impedance control are adapted based on this terrain characterization. Experiments show that adaptive impedance control leads to efficient locomotion in terms of energy consumption, mission success and body stability.
The Collective Unconscious at the Organizational Level: The Manifestation of Organizational Symbols

In this research we articulate the concept of collective unconscious at the organizational level and propose a framework based on the organizational symbolism literature regarding the sources and manifestations of the collective unconscious construct. We first present the collective unconscious from the lens of analytical psychology and suggest a theoretical link with organization science in order to develop an understanding regarding "what does collective unconscious indicate" at the organizational context. Then we draw on the organizational symbols literature to explore the sources and manifestations of collective unconscious in the organization. Particularly this research generates an integrative framework between organization science and analytical psychology. It suggests that stories told regarding the processes and relationships of the organization, the metaphors generated to develop and enhance meaning and common language serving to communicate meaning throughout the organizations are the sources where collective unconscious is preserved and manifested through the usage of these symbols. This research is important for theory and practice in two aspect. First this research provides a basis to explain organizational phenomena which cannot be explained through the conventional positivist/functionalist school of thought. Second it encourages organizational scholars to not only focus on the visible but also invisible, hidden aspects of organizational life such as the unconsciousness at the organizational level which is critical in determining the behavior of organizations.
Confrontation with the Collective Unconscious

In this previously unpublished presentation given by Jung's esteemed student and colleague, Marie Louise von Franz, at the C. G. Jung Institute of Los Angeles in 1976, she discusses the shifting attitudes toward the concept of the collective unconscious and toward the experience of it as a "tremendous psychic reality" in both positive and negative forms. With her customary wit, von Franz then explores in depth what she identifies as the four stages of active imagination the method Jung developed for coping with the impact of unconscious contents and distinguishes it from other methodologies, such as meditation. Using the books by Carlos Castaneda as examples of shifting attitudes, she (sometimes humorously) compares Don Juan's description of dreaming with active imagination, noting "This Don Juan is a natural genius," but "I can't stand Castaneda." A fascinating question and answer section follows the presentation. Throughout, von Franz remains eminently down to earth and genuine in her style of communica.
Virtual active power filter: a notable feature for hybrid ac/dc microgrids

The coexistence of ac and dc subgrids is going to be inevitable in microgrids (MGs) This study introduces a virtual active power filter (APF) to improve the power quality of a grid connected hybrid ac/dc MG. In this approach, the dc subgrid and the IC are integrated to form a virtual APF. Thus, an enhanced control method for IC is proposed that improves the performance of hybrid ac/dc MG under non linear load conditions considering power quality of both ac and dc subgrids. The proposed control ensures acceptable power quality for both inverter based and rectifier based power transfer between ac and dc subgrids. Furthermore, the IC provides stable dc bus voltage for the dc subgrid and exchange power between the ac and dc buses, properly. A hybrid ac/dc MG is simulated using PSCAD/EMTDC software and various set of simulation studies is presented to validate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed control method. Furthermore, experimental results are provided to validate the mentioned properties. These features have not been previously discussed in the literature for virtual APF in hybrid ac/dc MGs, where existing APFs are mostly presented for unidirectional power flow applications such as distributed generators.
Disengagement from Ideologically Based and Violent Organizations: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Research on disengagement from violent extremism is an emerging field of inquiry. As compared to the related field of radicalization, there have been fewer studies of disengagement. Further, little effort has been made to conduct a large scale, systematic review of what is currently known about disengagement from violent extremism. This type of meta literature assessment can play an important role in terms of informing strategies and programs designed to facilitate exit. To help fill this gap, our project systematically examines the disengagement literature to determine the range and frequency of various exit factors identified in previous studies. We also rely on parallel literatures such as exit from street gangs, mainstream religious groups, cults, and nonviolent social movements to build a robust sample of studies that assess the extent to which group exit factors may generalize across different populations.
Identifying risks for male street gang affiliation: a systematic review and narrative synthesis

Gang violence has increased in recent years. Individuals appear to be joining gangs at younger ages, and many have suffered historic maltreatment. Subsequent exposure to violence can result in profound consequences, including acute psychological harm. This review aims to identify predictive risk factors for male street gang affiliation. A systematic literature search was conducted utilising PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Medline, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and the Social Policy and Practice databases (from the databases' inception to 3 April 2015) From this search, n 244 peer reviewed papers were included in an initial scoping review, and n 102 thereafter met criteria for a systematic review; a narrative synthesis follows. Gang members have typically faced numerous historic adversities across multiple domains; individual, family, peers, school and community. Cumulative factors generated an independent risk. The meta narrative described an overarching failure to safeguard vulnerable individuals, with the motivation for gang affiliation hypothetically arising from an attempt to have their basic needs met. Clinical and research recommendations were made to inform early intervention policy and practice.
Teaching Academic Writing for Advanced Level Grade 10 English

Teaching academic English writing to high school learners is quite challenging. As a teacher, you need to consider the learners background, and their knowledge of English with their strengths and weaknesses. Teachers need to adopt research based methods of L2 teaching since research based methods have been successful in helping L2 learners produce writing that is a satisfactory level of linguistic proficiency and mastery of academic writing. Moreover, teachers have to modify their classes according to their learners various needs. Techniques vary and what works with one learner does not necessarily work for another. Yet, research also reveals that by following certain strategies, academic writing can be acquired more efficiently, particularly when learners have a high level of English proficiency. This study follows the qualitative research method since it is an action research. An essay template was developed for the learners to follow in order to teach them academic writing. The data is composed of the participants pre post essays that were evaluated using the Common Core State Standards Writing Rubric. The participants are the learners of Grade 10 advanced level, at LWIS CiS, DT. The results reveal that following the designed essay template has improved the learners academic writing and therefore, the researchers recommend using the template.
Deep neural networks: A promising tool for fault characteristic mining and intelligent diagnosis of rotating machinery with massive data

Aiming to promptly process the massive fault data and automatically provide accurate diagnosis results, numerous studies have been conducted on intelligent fault diagnosis of rotating machinery. Among these studies, the methods based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) are commonly used, which employ signal processing techniques for extracting features and further input the features to ANNs for classifying faults. Though these methods did work in intelligent fault diagnosis of rotating machinery, they still have two deficiencies. (1) The features are manually extracted depending on much prior knowledge about signal processing techniques and diagnostic expertise. In addition, these manual features are extracted according to a specific diagnosis issue and probably unsuitable for other issues. (2) The ANNs adopted in these methods have shallow architectures, which limits the capacity of ANNs to learn the complex non linear relationships in fault diagnosis issues. As a breakthrough in artificial intelligence, deep learning holds the potential to overcome the aforementioned deficiencies. Through deep learning, deep neural networks (DNNs) with deep architectures, instead of shallow ones, could be established to mine the useful information from raw data and approximate complex non linear functions. Based on DNNs, a novel intelligent method is proposed in this paper to overcome the deficiencies of the aforementioned intelligent diagnosis methods. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using datasets from rolling element bearings and planetary gearboxes. These datasets contain massive measured signals involving different health conditions under various operating conditions. The diagnosis results show that the proposed method is able to not only adaptively mine available fault characteristics from the measured signals, but also obtain superior diagnosis accuracy compared with the existing methods.
Cost utility of ranibizumab versus aflibercept for treating Greek patients with visual impairment due to diabetic macular edema
Venue: Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation

BackgroundTo conduct a cost utility analysis of ranibizumab versus aflibercept for the treatment of patients with visual impairment due to diabetic macular edema (DME) in the Greek setting. Markov model was adapted to compare the use of ranibizumab 0.5 mg (pro re nata PRN and treat and extend T&E) to aflibercept 2 mg (every 8 weeks after five initial doses) in DME. Patients transitioned at a 3 month cycle among nine specified health states (including death) over a lifetime horizon. Transition probabilities, utilities, as well as DME related mortality were extracted from relevant clinical trials, a network meta analysis and other published studies. The analysis was conducted from payer perspective and as such only costs reimbursed by the payer were considered (year 2014) The incremental cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained and the net monetary benefit was the main outcome measures.ResultsThe use of PRN and T&E ranibizumab regimens were shown to be cost saving comparing to aflibercept (by EUR2824 and EUR22, respectively) and more beneficial in terms of QALYs gained +0.05) and time without visual impairment (0.031 and 0.034 years) thereby dominating aflibercept. Moreover, ranibizumab used as PRN or T&E resulted in a net monetary benefit of EUR3984 and EUR1278, respectively.ConclusionsBoth PRN and T&E ranibizumab regimens were more beneficial and less costly compared to aflibercept for the management of DME. Hence, ranibizumab seems to be a dominant option for the treatment of visual impairment due to DME in the Greek setting.