nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Multifunctional co poly(amic acid) A new binder for Si based micro composite anode of lithium ion battery

Multifunctional co poly(amic acid) (PAmA) containing pyrene and carboxylic acid side chains is developed as a binder for the recycled kerf loss Si Ni SiC composite anode. The capacity retention performance of the lithium ion battery can be apparently enhanced. In a long cycle test of 300 lithiation/delithiation cycles, 79% of capacity retention is achieved. In considering that the recycled kerf loss Si sample contains 38 wt% inactive micro sized SiC abrasive particles, the achieved capacity of 648 mAh g 1 is reasonably high in comparison to other reported values. Small anode thickness expansion of 43% is found in a 100 cycle test, reflecting that the use of the PAmA binder can create strong interconnection among the silicon particles, conductive carbons and copper electrode.
Strategies for dynamic failure analysis on aerospace structures

Dynamic phenomena can jeopardize the structural integrity of aerospace structures and engineers have developed different strategies to analyze them. For instance, a low velocity impact creates delaminations in composite materials and the prediction of the response during the event is necessary to evaluate the residual strength of the structure. An airport device must be frangible when subjected to a collision; the object has to break, to deform, or to yield under the impact. There are special structures that have to withstand exceptional loads, a turboprop aircraft under a blade loss has to be capable of successfully completing the flight. This chapter simulates in detail these events as examples of highly dynamical phenomena. All these structures have been subjected to an analysis using distinct strategies, such as implicit and explicit finite element methods including nonlinear behaviors, damages, and several types of failures trying to identify the key parameters in the failure sequence.
Vasopressin related copeptin is a novel predictor of early endothelial dysfunction in patients with adult polycystic kidney disease
Venue: BMC Nephrology

BackgroundIn this study, we examined the relative usefulness of serum copeptin levels as a surrogate marker of vasopressin (AVP) in adult polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) by correlating it with baseline and longitudinal changes in markers of both renal function and common CVD manifestations (hypertensive vascular disease, atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction) that accompany the progression of this disease.MethodsWe studied a cohort of young and otherwise healthy ADPKD patients (n 235) and measured cardiovascular function using flow mediation dilatation (FMD) carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) as well as serum copeptin (commercial ELISA, a stable marker of AVP activity) The same analyses were carried out at baseline and after 3 years of follow up.ResultsAt baseline, median eGFR was 69 mL/min./1.73 m2, mean FMD 6.9 0.9% cIMT 0.7 0.1 mm, and PWV 8.1 1.2 m/s. At follow up, equivalent values were 65 (44 75) mL/min./1.73 m2, 5.8 0.9% 0.8 0.1 mm. and 8.2 1.3 m/s. with all changes statistically significant. Plasma copeptin also rose from 0.62 0.12 to 0.94 0.19 ng/mL and this change correlated with DeGFR 0.33, p 0.001) DFMD (0.599, p 0.001) DcIMT (0.562, p 0.001) and DPWV (0.27, p 0.001) also after linear regression modeling to correct for confounders. Finally, ROC analysis was done for a high baseline copeptin with DeGFR [cut off:=59] DFMD [cut off: =7.08] DcIMT [cut off:>0.76] and DPWV [cut off:=7.80].ConclusionsVascular dysfunction as reflected by FMD and cIMT, but not PWV or an altered cardiac geometry, precede most other signs of disease in ADPKD but is predicted by elevated levels of the circulating AVP marker copeptin.
Adult polycystic kidney disease and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: a rare genetic association

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease associated with dilated cardiomyopathy is a very rare association. Adult polycystic kidney disease is a systemic disorder from mutations in either PKD 1 or PKD 2 gene, that encode the proteins polycystin 1 (PC1) and polycystin 2 (PC2) respectively. Polycystin 2 is an intracellular calcium channel expressed in both renal epithelial cells and cardiac myocytes. It regulates intracellular calcium cycling. Mutation causes impaired intracellular calcium cycling and contributes to heart failure. Those who have PKD 2 mutation can have polycystic kidneys associated with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.
Advanced metering infrastructure design and test bed experiment using intelligent agents: focusing on the PLC network base technology for Smart Grid system
Venue: The Journal of Supercomputing

Today, the power line communication (PLC) is being used for the configuration of Home Network or factory automation. Due to the improvements in both the stability and the transmission speed resulting from recent digital PLC method, its field of applications is getting broader. Meanwhile, the PLC has been studied widely for it is considered to be the low cost communication solution that utilizes power distribution network and suitable for the Smart Metering systems. However, involved costs and limited geographical application must be solved to commercialize this technology. On the other hand, the positive economic aspects and potentials in future applications should be recognized. External control of household appliances and automated monitoring and power management can be achieved with the technology. Once such system is implemented and utilized, it will not only contribute to energy conservation but also be able to cope with the power system abnormalities remotely. Despite of these advantages, the PLC technology still reveals its vulnerability in achieving stable communications. Its low reliability problem caused by the signal interference and attenuation are being discussed and the solution has been described in this study with the results obtained from the test bed experiments.We expect that our system proposed in this paper will become a foundation technology for the Smart Grid.
The futility of PLC Lite

Although many schools around the world have claimed to embrace the Professional Learning Community process, it would be more accurate to describe the current state of affairs in many schools as PLC Lite. Educators rename their traditional faculty or department meetings as PLC meetings, engage in book studies that result in no action, or devote collaborative time to topics that have no effect on student achievement all in the name of the PLC process. These activities fail to embrace the central tenants of the PLC process and will not lead to higher levels of learning for students or adults. The genuine PLC process calls for working together in collaborative teams; establishing a guaranteed and viable curriculum; using formative assessments stemming from the curriculum; and using the result of the assessments to inform interventions and teaching.
An Experimental Characterization of the PLC Noise at the Source
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery

Power line communications (PLC) are affected by severe noise. In the inhome scenario, the household appliances are the main sources of noise, when they are fed and running, as they inject noise in the frequencies where PLC operate. This paper presents a methodology for the characterization of the noise generated by devices connected to the power grid. The methodology is applied to study a number of household appliances. The study enables: a) identifying the most noisy devices from which PLC transceivers should be kept far away; b) characterizing the noise both in the time and the frequency domain; c) addressing the definition of noise limits from an electromagnetic compatibility regulator perspective; and d) quantifying the amplitude of the impulsive noise that may damage the analog front end of the PLC transceiver. This paper addresses the noise during the normal operating conditions of the household appliances, and the noise generated during transients, that is, when the device is connected, disconnected, or switched on or off. In this respect, it is shown that transients may lead to noise spikes that exceed tens of volts.
A PLC as an Industry 4.0 component
Venue: 2016 13th International Conference on Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation (REV)

This paper presents a concept for the use of a PLC as an Industry 4.0 (I40) component as defined by the Industry 4.0 architecture RAMI 4.0. As a result, PLC controllers can be integrated seamlessly in Industry 4.0 production environments using the service paradigm. The transmission time for the process data from the PLC to the IP network was determined for a prototype implementation. With the PLC as an I40 component, process data can be transferred directly from the controller to an IP network without additional delays. This forms, amongst other things, the basis for outsourcing parts of the control program to a cloud.
Re Imagining Social Science

In 2015 IACR held its annual conference at Notre Dame (USA) around the theme of Re Imagining Social Science. It is rather fashionable to acknowledge that there is a crisis in the social sciences today and proclaim that our understanding of social science is due for a transformation or a new way forward (see, for example, Latour 1993, 2005; DeLanda 2006; Gorski 2004, 2015; Gross 2009; Reed 2011) But what would it mean to re imagine social science? Would it mean to rethink its theoretical foundations? Reconsider its purpose? Re evaluate its practices? Proposed solutions to this crisis generally involve proclaiming the need to move beyond some determining concept or paradigm that stands over and above the social scientist, haunting the social scientific imaginary. We need to move beyond positivism, beyond realism, beyond postmodernism, beyond the Leviathan, beyond totality, beyond essence, beyond methodological individualism, beyond homo economicus, beyond value neutrality, beyond the subject, beyond anthropocentrism, and so on. Realisms, structuralisms, constructionisms and pragmatisms proliferate, all claiming answers, all claiming a better way forward. Of course, for the less theoretically minded, the effects of these debates are felt less directly; nevertheless, following theory, so too practice. Disputes have raged about the best way of getting at and interpreting social phenomena, and all too often this has involved setting methodology against methodology. Quantitative is set against qualitative; different styles of ethnography, interviewing, surveying, field theory and systems analysis are all weighed and often set against each other. The underlying contours of these disputes are quite simple: depth against generality, micro against macro, ideographic against nomothetic, particular against universal. Practices and methodologies are retheorized, different conceptions of normativity proffered along with new acronyms and heuristics (NAH) all wanting to suggest new and often superior ways of doing social science. Arguments about laws and language, discourse and data, realism and relativism, positivism, post positivism and postmodernism have at the very least obscured our view, leaving social science with a weariness regarding theory, and a veritable industry based upon creating new or recycling old insights, often by importing theory from 'exotic' continents (namely France) or 'rediscovering' past and forgotten paradigms, all the while leaving the social scientist with a perpetual sense of fatigue, resignation and deja vu. We are at once wanting to get on journal of critical realism,  2016, 327 341
Enablers of help seeking for deaf and disabled children following abuse and barriers to protection: a qualitative study

Research internationally has highlighted the increased vulnerability of deaf or disabled children to abuse and the frequently inadequate response of services. However, first hand accounts of deaf or disabled children have rarely been sought. This paper reports selected findings from one of the first studies exploring deaf and disabled children's experiences of help seeking following maltreatment. Innovative and sensitive research methods were employed to support ten deaf or disabled people (children and adults) to take part in guided conversations. The study identifies three enablers of help seeking of deaf or disabled children: the capacity of adults to detect abuse and respond to disclosures, supportive relationships or circumstances which facilitate disclosure; and, for Deaf children, access to registered interpreters. Barriers to protection related to these are also discussed. Recommendations directed at policy makers, practitioners and families include: education and awareness raising amongst practitioners, children, parents and carers; addressing deaf and disabled children's social isolation; providing comprehensive support services that address the needs of the child holistically; ensuring the voice of the child is heard; routine access to registered interpreters for Deaf children within mainstream and specialist services and measures to address disablism at a local and institutional level.
Enablers of help seeking and protection from abuse for deaf and disabled children: A qualitative study

Research internationally has highlighted the increased vulnerability of deaf or disabled children to abuse and the frequently inadequate response of services. However, first hand accounts of deaf or disabled children have rarely been sought. This paper reports selected findings from one of the first studies exploring deaf and disabled children's experiences of help seeking following maltreatment. Innovative and sensitive research methods were employed to support ten deaf or disabled people (children and adults) to take part in guided conversations. The study identifies three enablers of help seeking of deaf or disabled children: the capacity of adults to detect abuse and respond to disclosures, supportive relationships or circumstances which facilitate disclosure; and, for Deaf children, access to registered interpreters. Barriers to protection related to these are also discussed. Recommendations directed at policy makers, practitioners and families include: education and awareness raising amongst practitioners, children, parents and carers; addressing deaf and disabled children's social isolation; providing comprehensive support services that address the needs of the child holistically; ensuring the voice of the child is heard; routine access to registered interpreters for Deaf children within mainstream and specialist services and measures to address disablism at a local and institutional level.
Race, Religion and the City: Twitter Word Frequency Patterns Reveal Dominant Demographic Dimensions in the United States
Venue: ArXiv

Recently, numerous approaches have emerged in the social sciences to exploit the opportunities made possible by the vast amounts of data generated by online social networks (OSNs) Having access to information about users on such a scale opens up a range of possibilities from predicting individuals' demographics and health status to their beliefs and political opinions all without the limitations associated with often slow and expensive paper based polls. A question that remains to be satisfactorily addressed, however, is how demography is represented in OSN content that is, what are the relevant aspects that constitute detectable large scale patterns in language? Here, we study language use in the United States using a corpus of text compiled from over half a billion geotagged messages from the online microblogging platform Twitter. Our intention is to reveal the most important spatial patterns in language use in an unsupervised manner and relate them to demographics. Our approach is based on Latent Semantic Analysis augmented with the Robust Principal Component Analysis methodology, which permits identification of the data's main sources of variation with an automatic filtering of noise and outliers without influencing results by <i>a priori</i> assumptions. We find spatially correlated patterns that can be interpreted based on the words associated with them. The main language features can be related to slang use, urbanization, travel, religion and ethnicity, the patterns of which are shown to correlate plausibly with traditional census data. Apart from the standard measure of linear correlation, some relations seem to be better explained by Boolean implications, suggesting a threshold like behaviour where demographic variables influence the users' word use. Our findings validate the concept of demography being represented in OSN language use and show that the traits observed are inherently present in the word frequencies without any previous assumptions about the dataset. They therefore could form the basis of further research focusing on the evaluation of demographic data estimation from other big data sources, or on the dynamical processes that result in the patterns identified here.
Automated Vegetative Stage Phenotyping Analysis of Maize Plants using Visible Light Images

Extracting meaningful numerical phenotypes from plant images remains a substantial bottleneck in image based automated plant phenotyping. We classify approaches to the analysis of automated image based plant phenotyping into two broad categories, namely, holistic and component based. Holistic analyses consider the whole plant as a single object and measure its attributes, whereas component based phenotyping analyzes the individual parts of a plant, i.e. individual leaves and stems. Two new holistic phenotypes are introduced in this paper, i.e. bi angular convex hull area ratio and plant aspect ratio. Bi angular convex hull area ratio is defined as the ratio of the area of the convex hull of the plant when viewed from the side at a particular angle and the convex hull of the same plant when viewed at a rotation of 90* Changes in bi angular convex hull area ratio provide information about temporal change in phyllotaxy, i.e. the arrangement of leaves around a stem. Plant aspect ratio is defined as the ratio of the height of the bounding rectangle of the plant viewed from the side and the diameter of the minimum enclosing circle of the plant when viewed from directly above. Plant aspect ratio identifies potential differences in the canopy architecture which would be generated by different crop accessions in the field. Two componentbased phenotyping parameters are also computed: number of leaves, and the length of each leaf. The paper introduces a benchmark dataset called Panicoid Phenomap 1, which comprises images of 40 genotypes of panicoid grain crops *Corresponding author. Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from permissions@acm.org. DS FEW '16 August 14, 2016, San Francisco, CA, USA c (c) 2016 ACM. ISBN 123 4567 24 567/08/06. $15.00 DOI: 10.475/123 4 captured by visible light camera once daily for 26 days using the Lemnatec scanalyzer 3D high throughput plant phenotyping facility at the University of Nebraska Lincoln, USA, to facilitate vegetative stage temporal phenotyping analysis. Experiments are performed on Panicoid Phenomap 1 dataset to demonstrate the genetic regulation of variation in these phenotypes in maize.
City Branding Strategy on the Evaluation of Tourism Destination Problems in Rural Area (Evidence from Pasuruan City, Indonesia)

This research find the essential problems of tourism destinations in rural area in Pasuruan City, Indonesia. Based on the phenomenology method and using an open questionnaire, researcher make a deep interview with manager of 10 tourism destinations in Pasuruan city relating with their condition. All of the tourism destinations sample in this research represent four tourism destinations categories includes natural, cultural, agricultural and special destinations. In general the essential problems was meet by most of the tourism destinations are poor management system, unspesific additional facilities, and no innovative marketing strategy. In the evaluation of this problems, city branding strategy is offered to cover a comprehensive solution. The main dimensions of city branding strategy for this problems are green space branding, identifiable image and positive brand experience.  City Branding, Rural Area, Tourism Destinations.
Set Matching Measures for External Cluster Validity
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering

Comparing two clustering results of a data set is a challenging task in cluster analysis. Many external validity measures have been proposed in the literature. A good measure should be invariant to the changes of data size, cluster size, and number of clusters. We give an overview of existing set matching indexes and analyze their properties. Set matching measures are based on matching clusters from two clusterings. We analyze the measures in three parts: 1) cluster similarity, 2) matching, and 3) overall measurement. Correction for chance is also investigated and we prove that normalized mutual information and variation of information are intrinsically corrected. We propose a new scheme of experiments based on synthetic data for evaluation of an external validity index. Accordingly, popular external indexes are evaluated and compared when applied to clusterings of different data size, cluster size, and number of clusters. The experiments show that set matching measures are clearly better than the other tested. Based on the analytical comparisons, we introduce a new index called Pair Sets Index (PSI)
The effects of China's universal two child policy
Venue: The Lancet

In October, 2015, China's one child policy was replaced by a universal two child policy. The effects of the new policy are inevitably speculative, but predictions can be made based on recent trends. The population increase will be relatively small, peaking at 1*45 billion in 2029 (compared with a peak of 1*4 billion in 2023 if the one child policy continued) The new policy will allow almost all Chinese people to have their preferred number of children. The benefits of the new policy include: a large reduction in abortions of unapproved pregnancies, virtual elimination of the problem of unregistered children, and a more normal sex ratio. All of these effects should improve health outcomes. Effects of the new policy on the shrinking workforce and rapid population ageing will not be evident for two decades. In the meantime, more sound policy actions are needed to meet the social, health, and care needs of the elderly population.
Measuring Psychological Capital: Construction and Validation of the Compound PsyCap Scale (CPC 12)
Venue: PloS one

With the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) being the standard measure to assess psychological capital (PsyCap) in the context of organizations, this paper aims to broaden this domain specific approach by introducing a measure with universal claim. Two studies were conducted to create and validate a German self report scale (CPC 12) measuring PsyCap. We performed confirmatory factor analyses and correlations with other positive psychological constructs on the data of two German samples (N1 321; N2 202) The twelve item CPC 12 exhibits the anticipated factorial structure with a very good model fit and associations to other constructs concur with previous findings with other measures of PsyCap.