nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Survival of Composite Resin Restorations of severely Decayed Primary Anterior Teeth retained by Glass Fiber Posts or Reversed orientated Metal Posts
Venue: International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry

The aim of this study was to compare the survival of composite resin restorations retained by glass fiber posts or reversed orientated (upside down) metal posts in severely decayed primary anterior teeth after 6, 12, and 18 months.  A total of forty four 3 to 5 year old children with bilateral severely decayed primary maxillary canines were included. Patients were treated under general anesthesia. After pulpectomy, an intracanal post was seated in the primary maxillary canine on each side: either a glass fiber post or a metallic post in reversed orientation and teeth restored with light cured composite. Survival rate of each technique was evaluated at predetermined follow ups and data were analyzed with McNemar's test (a 0.05)  The difference in survival of restorations retained by two types of posts was not statistically significant in clinical and radiographical evaluations after 6, 12, and 18 months. The survival rate of reversed orientated metal and glass fiber posts after 18 months was 81.1 and 67.6% respectively (p 0.14)  Reversed orientated metal post did not show lower clinical survival compared with glass fiber posts in 18 month follow up. Hence, reversed orientated metal post can be considered as a potential method to obtain retention for composite restorations in severely decayed primary anterior teeth.
Circular RNA profiling reveals an abundant circHIPK3 that regulates cell growth by sponging multiple miRNAs
Venue: Nature communications

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a class of widespread and diverse endogenous RNAs that may regulate gene expression in eukaryotes. However, the regulation and function of human circRNAs remain largely unknown. Here we generate ribosomal depleted RNA sequencing data from six normal tissues and seven cancers, and detect at least 27,000 circRNA candidates. Many of these circRNAs are differently expressed between the normal and cancerous tissues. We further characterize one abundant circRNA derived from Exon2 of the HIPK3 gene, termed circHIPK3. The silencing of circHIPK3 but not HIPK3 mRNA significantly inhibits human cell growth. Via a luciferase screening assay, circHIPK3 is observed to sponge to 9 miRNAs with 18 potential binding sites. Specifically, we show that circHIPK3 directly binds to miR 124 and inhibits miR 124 activity. Our results provide evidence that circular RNA produced from precursor mRNA may have a regulatory role in human cells.
A Comparative Study on Serial Decision Tree Classification Algorithms in Text Mining

Text mining refers to the process of deriving high quality information from text. It is used in search engine, digital libraries, fraud detection, and other applications that handles text data. Text mining tasks include text classification, text clustering, entity extraction, production of granular taxonomies, sentiment analysis, document summarization, and entity relation modeling. Classification of objects into pre defined categories based on their features is a widely studied problem. It aims to employ labeled training data set to build a classification model based on other attributes, such that the model can be used to classify new data according to their class labels. The decision tree based classification is one of the most practical and effective methods that uses inductive learning. It is implemented serially or in parallel, depending on data set size. Some of the classifiers such as SLIQ, SPRINT and Rainforest can be implemented serially or parallel. ID 3, CART and C4.5 are serial classifiers. In this paper, we review various decision tree algorithms with their limitations, and conduct a comparative study to evaluate their performance regarding accuracy, learning time and tree size, using four sample datasets. We found out that Random Forest classifier is the most accurate one among other classifiers. However, the increase of the dataset size and its attributes, the more the learning time and tree size, and vise versa.
Constrained Iterative Feedback Tuning for Robust Control of a Wafer Stage System
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology

Iterative feedback tuning (IFT) enables the data driven tuning of controller parameters without the explicit need for a parametric model. It is known, however, that IFT can lead to nonrobust solutions. The aim of this paper is to develop an IFT approach with robustness constraints. A constrained IFT problem is formulated that is solved by introducing a penalty function. Essentially, the gradient estimates decompose into: 1) the well known IFT gradients and 2) the gradients with respect to this penalty function. The latter are obtained through a nonparametric model of the controlled system. This guarantees robust stability while only requiring a nonparametric model. The experimental results obtained from the motion control systems of an industrial wafer scanner confirm enhanced performance with guaranteed robustness estimates.
Optimality and flexibility in Iterative Learning Control for varying tasks
Venue: Autom.

Iterative Learning Control (ILC) can significantly enhance the performance of systems that perform repeating tasks. However, small variations in the performed task may lead to a large performance deterioration. The aim of this paper is to develop a novel ILC approach, by exploiting rational basis functions, that enables performance enhancement through iterative learning while providing flexibility with respect to task variations. The proposed approach involves an iterative optimization procedure after each task, that exploits recent developments in instrumental variable based system identification. Enhanced performance compared to pre existing results is proven theoretically and illustrated through simulation examples.
Frequency Domain ILC Approach for Repeating and Varying Tasks: With Application to Semiconductor Bonding Equipment
Venue: IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics

Iterative learning control (ILC) enables high performance for exactly repeating tasks in motion systems. Besides such tasks, many motion systems also exhibit varying tasks. In such cases, ILC algorithms are known to deteriorate performance. An example is given by bonding equipment in semiconductor assembly processes, which contains motion axes with tasks that can vary slightly. The aim of this paper is to develop an ILC approach that obtains high machine performance for possibly varying tasks, while enabling straightforward and effective industrial design rules. In particular, a frequency domain based design of ILC filters is pursued, which is combined with basis functions to cope with variations in tasks. Application to a high speed axis of an industrial wire bonder shows that high servo performance is obtained for both repeating and varying tasks.
Big forensic data reduction: digital forensic images and electronic evidence
Venue: Cluster Computing

An issue that continues to impact digital forensics is the increasing volume of data and the growing number of devices. One proposed method to deal with the problem of "big digital forensic data" the volume, variety, and velocity of digital forensic data, is to reduce the volume of data at either the collection stage or the processing stage. We have developed a novel approach which significantly improves on current practice, and in this paper we outline our data volume reduction process which focuses on imaging a selection of key files and data such as: registry, documents, spreadsheets, email, internet history, communications, logs, pictures, videos, and other relevant file types. When applied to test cases, a hundredfold reduction of original media volume was observed. When applied to real world cases of an Australian Law Enforcement Agency, the data volume further reduced to a small percentage of the original media volume, whilst retaining key evidential files and data. The reduction process was applied to a range of real world cases reviewed by experienced investigators and detectives and highlighted that evidential data was present in the data reduced forensic subset files. A data reduction approach is applicable in a range of areas, including: digital forensic triage, analysis, review, intelligence analysis, presentation, and archiving. In addition, the data reduction process outlined can be applied using common digital forensic hardware and software solutions available in appropriately equipped digital forensic labs without requiring additional purchase of software or hardware. The process can be applied to a wide variety of cases, such as terrorism and organised crime investigations, and the proposed data reduction process is intended to provide a capability to rapidly process data and gain an understanding of the information and/or locate key evidence or intelligence in a timely manner.
SugarSync forensic analysis

Cloud storage services are popular with both individuals and businesses as they offer cost effective, large capacity storage and multi functional services on a wide range of devices such as personal computers (PCs) Mac computers, and smart mobile devices (e.g. iPhones) However, cloud services have also been known to be exploited by criminals, and digital forensics in the cloud remains a challenge, partly due to the diverse range of cloud services and devices that can be used to access such services. Using SugarSync (a popular cloud storage service) as a case study, research was undertaken to determine the types and nature of volatile and non volatile data that can be recovered from Windows 8, Mac OS X 10.9, Android 4 and iOS 7 devices when a user has carried out different activities such as upload and download of files and folders. We then document the various digital artefacts that could be recovered from the respective devices.
Influenza virus RNA polymerase: insights into the mechanisms of viral RNA synthesis
Venue: Nature Reviews Microbiology

The genomes of influenza viruses consist of multiple segments of single stranded negative sense RNA. Each of these segments is bound by the heterotrimeric viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase and multiple copies of nucleoprotein, which form viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) complexes. It is in the context of these vRNPs that the viral RNA polymerase carries out transcription of viral genes and replication of the viral RNA genome. In this Review, we discuss our current knowledge of the structure of the influenza virus RNA polymerase, and insights that have been gained into the molecular mechanisms of viral transcription and replication, and their regulation by viral and host factors. Furthermore, we discuss how advances in our understanding of the structure and function of polymerases could help in identifying new antiviral targets.
Exchange Traded Funds (ETF) History, Mechanism, Academic Literature Review and Research Perspectives

Prior to March of 2016, when the first exchange traded fund (ETF) on RTS was introduced, Russian investors' only option for investing in the domestic index was through a mutual fund. By contrast, the majority world stock exchanges have been giving their clients the option to invest in their leading domestic indexes not only via index mutual funds but also via exchange traded funds (ETF) since decades. Their absence and therefore the lake of familiarity with these funds might be one of the several reasons Russian investors have been willing to pay a premium for ETF investments through intermediaries relative to what they would pay investing directly. Large number of investors buy western ETF via mutual funds. The premiums Russian mutual funds charge for investing in ETFs translate on up to a 36% premium over a 10 year horizon, compared to buying the same ETF directly. This paper introduces to a broader Russian speaking community ETFs, one of the most important financial innovations of the last 20 years, and provides a survey of the research done in this field. This paper reviews the literature on ETFs and provides a brief history of ETFs and these funds' investment mechanism. In conclusion, some ideas for further research are suggested. The existing paper are divvied in three groups that unite six topics: The first group of literature is devoted to traditional ETF. There are two topics: 1. Is the ETF substitute for index mutual funds? If yes, to which level? If it is substitute, why it did not still the index funds? 2. Which influence has the introduction of an ETF on the active that it tracks. This topic covers also liquidity, hedge and arbitrage. Second group of papers emerging recently unites the following topics: 3. How effective are the ETF tracking the foreign indexes? 4. ETF development besides USA. 5. ETF that track not the share indexes. New generation ETF: synthetic, leveraged, actively managed and smart beta. Third group of papers devoted to the following topic: 6. ETF use for optimal portfolio construction.
Discussion Panel on Computer Vision and Occupational Ergonomics

Computer vision has already impacted a diverse field of applications, ranging from industrial robotics, intelligent and autonomous vehicles, security surveillance, manufacturing inspection, and human computer interaction. Furthermore, digital imaging technologies are advancing ever smaller in size, finer in granularity, and faster in processing, while becoming less expensive and thus more accessible to businesses, organizations, and individuals in devices such as smart phones and tablets. Consumer products such as the Kinect(tm) offer advanced marker less 3D motion capture capabilities at a low cost. New computer vision methods are now being researched and developed for occupational ergonomics applications. It is anticipated that these new tools will profoundly impact the future of occupational ergonomics and provide a variety of new instruments and techniques for design, analysis and evaluation in the practice of ergonomics. A panel of leading experts will describe some of the cutting edge research they are pursuing utilizing computer vision for occupational ergonomics applications. Radwin, Lee and Li use algorithms that track pixel patterns recorded from conventional video for quantifying repetitive hand motion, manual lifting and whole body activities. Lee and Li describe the use computer vision tools to predict joint angles for a whole body link model. Lieblich and Park describe the use of Kinect(tm) for classifying postures and generating individualized task specific avatars. Each of these approaches has specific advantages and limitations, which will be addressed by the panel. A discussion will follow exploring future research needs as well as engaging in a discussion among panelists and attendees about the needs, limitations, and obstacles that this new technology faces in bringing it into practice.
Development of Computer Vision Based Face Tracking Measurement for Sitting Ergonomics

Sitting causes major health problems. Both bad sitting posture and prolonged sitting time increases the likelihood of back pain. The object of our research was to study if it is possible to measure sitting ergonomics using a webcam video. The webcam placed in front of a subject was tracking the movements of subject's face, which were used to derive the pose of subject's head. Different algorithms to detect bad posture based on head pose and movement were developed according to the physiological recommendations. The accuracy of these algorithms were investigated in a real environment testing. Although the results are promising, more research is needed to develop better algorithms for a more accurate and versatile detection of sitting ergonomics.
Herbal Medicines
Venue: Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology

Chinese herbal medicine has been used in clinical applications for more than 2000 years in Chinese society. Many experiences supplying feedback from clinical applications have been described in the classic publications. Gradually, these experiences were summarized, forming an individual theory of the medical system, named Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) which directed the usages against clinical diseases that had been overviewed in the introduction. The development of TCM is in close relationship to historical development over time. Important concepts were proposed in each dynasty that helped in the development of TCM. This review attempts to summarize the important theories of historical aspects that were proposed in each dynasty of the Chinese people. Taken together, without systemic knowledge about the applications of Chinese herbal medicine, that is, with just the experience of folk usage, even that cannot elevate the therapeutic effect for treating complex illnesses.
Refractive Index and Thermo Optic Coefficients of Ge As Se Chalcogenide Glasses

Seventeen glasses in the Ge As Se ternary glass forming region have been fabricated and analyzed to provide input for optical design data and to establish composition and structure based relationships to aide development of novel chalcogenide glasses with tailored optical functionality. While known that Ge addition to binary As Se glasses enhances the mean coordination number (MCN) of the network and results in increased Tg and decreased CTE, this work highlights the impact on optical properties, specifically mid wave (l 4.515 mm) index and thermo optic coefficient (dn/dT) Trends in property changes were correlated with an excess or deficiency of chalcogen content in the glassy network as compared to stoichiometric compositions. Transitions in key optical properties were observed with the disappearance of Se Se homopolar bonds and creation of As As homopolar bonds which are associated with the Se rich and Se deficient regions near the stoichiometry, respectively. A second transition was observed with the creation of GeSe ethane like structures, which are only present in strongly Se deficient networks. Fitting dn/dT values with a simplified version of the thermal Lorentz Lorenz formulation yielded a linear relation between the quantity (n 3dn/dT) and the CTE, which can be used to predict compositions with the near zero dn/dT required for athermal optical systems.
,Wir leben im Zeitalter der Vergleichung." Perspektiven einer Soziologie des Vergleichs

Zusammenfassung Vergleiche sind heute zu einem unubersehbaren Bestandteil der offentlichen Kommunikation geworden. Universitaten werden hinsichtlich ihrer wissenschaftlichen Exzellenz verglichen, Politiker nach ihrer Popularitat, Staaten mit Blick auf ihre Korruptionsanfalligkeit und Arbeitnehmer in Bezug auf ihren Arbeitseinsatz. Trotz ihrer Omniprasenz haben Vergleiche in der Soziologie bisher nur wenig Beachtung gefunden. Der Beitrag pladiert dafur, Vergleiche nicht nur als wissenschaftliche Methode zu betrachten, sondern als ein soziales Phanomen eigenen Rechts. In den ersten beiden Abschnitten werden Vergleiche mit anderen Ordnungsverfahren wie Listen, Klassifikationen und Analogien kontrastiert und in einer historischen Sequenz verortet. Welche Bedeutung Vergleiche haben, wird in den folgenden drei Abschnitten am Beispiel unterschiedlicher Forschungsfelder Klassifikationssoziologie, Marktsoziologie, Soziologie der Bewertung und Globalisierungsforschung belegt. Der Beitrag schliesst mit einigen weiterfuhrenden Uberlegungen zu einer Soziologie des Vergleichs.
Conscious and Subconscious Evaluation of Service Recovery Situation

Contemporary research in the fields of the psychology and marketing studies are more and more focused on the role of emotions in the human behavior (Hogg and Vaughan, 2008) However, the traditional approaches to measure the emotions are susceptible to various distortion and may not fully reflect the real situation. Therefore many authors have been proposed the psychophysiological measures as a complementary solution. Current study investigated the relationship between the self report measures and the facial muscle activity (EMG) during the human interaction situations where the race factor was taken under consideration. The results for self reports and EMG showed expected discrepancy.
Composition and in vitro cytotoxic activities of essential oil of Hedychium spicatum from different geographical regions of western Himalaya by principal components analysis
Venue: Natural product research

The rhizome of Hedychium spicatum has been widely used in traditional medicines. The present study deals with the evaluation of the cytotoxic potential of rhizome essential oils from four different regions of the Western Himalaya (India) along with comparative correlation analysis to characterise the bioactive cytotoxic component. The essential oils were coded as MHS 1, MHS 2, MHS 3 and MHS 4, and characterised using GC FID and GC MS. The main volatile compounds identified were 1,8 cineol, eudesmol, cubenol, spathulenol and a cadinol. In vitro cytotoxic activities were assessed against human cancer cell lines such as, the lung (A549) colon (DLD 1, SW 620) breast (MCF 7, MDA MB 231) head and neck (FaDu) and cervix (HeLa) MHS 4 is significantly active in comparison to other samples against all cancer cell lines. Sample MHS 4 has major proportion of monoterpene alcohol mainly 1,8 cineol. Principal components analysis was performed for the experimental results and all four samples were clustered according to their percentage inhibition at different doses.
Peroxidase activation of cytoglobin by anionic phospholipids: Mechanisms and consequences.
Venue: Biochimica et biophysica acta

Cytoglobin (Cygb) is a hexa coordinated hemoprotein with yet to be defined physiological functions. The iron coordination and spin state of the Cygb heme group are sensitive to oxidation of two cysteine residues (Cys38/Cys83) and/or the binding of free fatty acids. However, the roles of redox vs lipid regulators of Cygb's structural rearrangements in the context of the protein peroxidase competence are not known. Searching for physiologically relevant lipid regulators of Cygb, here we report that anionic phospholipids, particularly phosphatidylinositolphosphates, affect structural organization of the protein and modulate its iron state and peroxidase activity both conjointly and/or independently of cysteine oxidation. Thus, different anionic lipids can operate in cysteine dependent and cysteine independent ways as inducers of the peroxidase activity. We establish that Cygb's peroxidase activity can be utilized for the catalysis of peroxidation of anionic phospholipids (including phosphatidylinositolphosphates) yielding mono oxygenated molecular species. Combined with the computational simulations we propose a bipartite lipid binding model that rationalizes the modes of interactions with phospholipids, the effects on structural re arrangements and the peroxidase activity of the hemoprotein.
Decentralised Replenishment Production Planning Optimisation Using Negotiation Rules in a Collaborative Network
Venue: PRO VE

This paper proposes a decentralised planning optimisation approach by using mathematical programming and negotiation mechanisms in a collaborative network. Two partners addressing the replenishment and production stages are considered. Concretely, production scheduling plans and material requirement plans, modelled by two mixed integer programming models, are modified according to the established negotiation rules between the two collaborative partners. The main contribution of this paper is the improvement of the replenishment and production plans upstream of the network; proposing a decentralised collaborative planning process. The validation of the proposal is done using data based on an automotive industry.