nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of job insecurity on employee health complaints: A within person analysis of the explanatory role of threats to the manifest and latent benefits of work.
Venue: Journal of occupational health psychology

The current study contributes to the literature on job insecurity by highlighting threat to the benefits of work as an explanation of the effect of job insecurity on health complaints. Building on the latent deprivation model, we predicted that threats to both manifest (i.e. financial income) and latent benefits of work (i.e. collective purpose, social contacts, status, time structure, activity) mediate the relationships from job insecurity to subsequent mental and physical health complaints. In addition, in line with the conservation of resources theory, we proposed that financial resources buffer the indirect effect of job insecurity on health complaints through threat to the manifest benefit. Hypotheses were tested using a multilevel design, in which 3 measurements (time lag of 6 months between subsequent measurements) were clustered within 1,994 employees (in Flanders, Belgium) This allowed for the investigation of within person processes, while controlling for variance at the between person level. The results demonstrate that job insecurity was related to subsequent threats to both manifest and latent benefits, and that these threats in turn were related to subsequent health complaints (with an exception for threat to the manifest benefit that did not predict mental health complaints) Three significant indirect effects were found: threat to the latent benefits mediated the relationships between job insecurity and both mental and physical health complaints, and threat to the manifest benefit mediated the relationship between job insecurity and physical health complaints. Unexpectedly, the latter indirect effect was exacerbated by financial resources.
The effect of North Korean threats on financial markets in South Korea and Japan

This paper examines the effects of North Korean threats, as measured by the proprietary North Korean Threat Index (NKTI) on financial markets in South Korea and Japan. We examine the effects of the threats on stock markets, foreign exchange markets, and overnight interest rates. We consider causality in mean and variance tests to determine any link between the NKTI and financial variables. The causality in mean test results indicate the presence of a causal link running from North Korean threats to stock returns and exchange rate returns in both countries, but no significant link to the overnight interest rate in either country. The causality in variance test results indicate no significant impact emanating from North Korean threats. Integrating the North Korean economy into the global economy stands to eliminate these threats and thus to contribute to regional financial stability.
Stakeholder Perceptions of Risk in Construction.
Venue: Safety science

Safety management in construction is an integral effort and its success requires inputs from all stakeholders across design and construction phases. Effective risk mitigation relies on the concordance of all stakeholders' risk perceptions. Many researchers have noticed the discordance of risk perceptions among critical stakeholders in safe construction work, however few have provided quantifiable evidence describing them. In an effort to fill this perception gap, this research performs an experiment that investigates stakeholder perceptions of risk in construction. Data analysis confirms the existence of such discordance, and indicates a trend in risk likelihood estimation. With risk perceptions from low to high, the stakeholders are architects, contractors/safety professionals, and engineers. Including prior studies, results also suggest that designers have improved their knowledge in building construction safety, but compared to builders they present more difficultly in reaching a consensus of perception. Findings of this research are intended to be used by risk management and decision makers to reassess stakeholders' varying judgments when considering injury prevention and hazard assessment.
Fall risk analysis of construction workers using inertial measurement units: validating the usefulness of the postural stability metrics in construction

Fall accidents are a leading cause of fatalities and injuries in the construction industry, and the loss of bodily stability is one of the primary factors contributing to such falls. Body stability can be analyzed by studying dynamic and postural stability, the assessment of which can ultimately improve worker safety on the job sites. Previous studies have introduced a method for assessing construction workers' gait stability, but there remains a need for a comprehensive method that can analyze the fall risk of construction workers' in stationary postures. This study aims to test the usefulness of two metrics velocity of the bodily center of pressure (COPv) and the resultant accelerometer (rAcc) as predictors with which to measure workers' fall risk in stationary postures. A laboratory experiment was designed and conducted to gather IMU data and compare the resulting stability metrics (I COPv and rAcc) with the postural stability observed while conducting the same activities on a forceplate (F COPv) The experiment evaluated stationary posture tasks with various fall risk profiles: standing and squatting in different situations (e.g. wearing a loaded harness with a symmetric and an asymmetric load, and holding a toolbox) The analysis's results demonstrated a significant difference in I COPv and rAcc values across different postures and tasks and also showed considerable correlations between the metrics from both the force plate and the IMU sensors. The results showed the distinguishing power of I COPv and rAcc in measuring the fall risk of different construction workers' tasks in the stationary posture.
Project complexity and risk management (ProCRiM) towards modelling project complexity driven risk paths in construction projects

Project complexity has been extensively explored in the literature because of its contribution towards the failure of major projects in terms of cost and time overruns. Focusing on the interface of Project Complexity and Interdependency Modelling of Project Risks, we propose a new process that aids capturing interdependency between project complexity, complexity induced risks and project objectives. The proposed modelling approach is grounded in the theoretical framework of Expected Utility Theory and Bayesian Belief Networks. We consider the decision problem of identifying critical risks and selecting optimal risk mitigation strategies at the commencement stage of a project, taking into account the utility function of the decision maker with regard to the importance of project objectives and holistic interaction between project complexity and risk. The proposed process is supported by empirical research that was conducted in the construction industry and its application is illustrated through a simulation study.
Multi layer Representation Learning for Medical Concepts
Venue: KDD

Proper representations of medical concepts such as diagnosis, medication, procedure codes and visits from Electronic Health Records (EHR) has broad applications in healthcare analytics. Patient EHR data consists of a sequence of visits over time, where each visit includes multiple medical concepts, e.g. diagnosis, procedure, and medication codes. This hierarchical structure provides two types of relational information, namely sequential order of visits and co occurrence of the codes within a visit. In this work, we propose Med2Vec, which not only learns the representations for both medical codes and visits from large EHR datasets with over million visits, but also allows us to interpret the learned representations confirmed positively by clinical experts. In the experiments, Med2Vec shows significant improvement in prediction accuracy in clinical applications compared to baselines such as Skip gram, GloVe, and stacked autoencoder, while providing clinically meaningful interpretation.
Attitude, digital literacy and self efficacy: Flow on effects for online learning behavior
Venue: Internet High. Educ.

Online distance education allows easy and convenient access to learning opportunities. As with other forms of education, high self efficacy often encourages greater student confidence and autonomy. While self efficacy has been shown to have positive effects in face to face education, its antecedents and consequences in online distance education are less clear. This study addresses this issue. First, it considers two important antecedents: attitude and digital literacy. Second, the study considers the effects of self efficacy on three important learning behaviors: peer engagement, learning management system (LMS) interaction and course convener interaction. Findings from an online survey of 151 postgraduate business students suggest that positive student attitude and digital literacy significantly contribute to self efficacy. In turn, self efficacy has positive effects on peer engagement, learning management system (LMS) interaction and convener interaction.
Developing academic literacy through self regulated online learning

This study explores the self regulated learning (SRL) experiences of international students in developing English language academic literacy essential for successful transition to university. The participants in this study were a small, diverse group of first year undergraduate students who sought academic support from the Academic Skills Centre at an Australian university. They were given the opportunity to independently access an online program, Study Skills Success, over the duration of one semester to develop their academic literacy in English. Data for this study were collected from a pre and post program questionnaire, interviews, a focus group discussion, and reflective online learning logs. These sources gathered information regarding the participants' motivation and attitudes, their online learning experiences and strategy use, and the perceived benefits of SRL online. The findings from this study have implications for supporting the transition of first year students to university by developing essential academic skills through independent online learning.
Researching participatory literacy and positioning in online learning communities

As discussed in earlier chapters, the potential of Web 2.0 tools and social networking environments for enhanced peer interaction is being recognised across the education sector. Many institutions are moving their blended and online learning provision from a 'computer as tutor' approach towards models which foster knowledge co construction and sharing in socially networked learning communities. Yet, many education professionals find that they do not have the skills required to help their students to fully benefit from this paradigm shift. The TESOL Electronic Village Online (EVO) 2012 module Tutoring with Web 2.0 tools Designing for Social Presence provides the backdrop for this contribution. The module was designed to develop effective learner centred online moderation skills, with a focus on the role of Social Presence (SP) Although hosted by the EVO, the programme was open to practitioners from all subject areas, and participants represented a multifaceted community in terms of educational, social and cultural backgrounds, online learning and teaching skills, and ICT literacy. Drawing on examples from the participants' learning journey we hypothesise that a group's capacity to send and read SP cues is a precondition for successful knowledge creation and sharing in online learning communities. Our findings provide new insights into the notion of online participation and challenge aspects of Garrison et al.'s (2000) Community of Inquiry (CoI) model. In accordance with Morgan (2011) we highlight the need for a different way of conceptualising what happens in networked learning contexts taking into account aspects such as learner identity, creative agency and participatory literacy.
Human influence on tropical cyclone intensity
Venue: Science

Recent assessments agree that tropical cyclone intensity should increase as the climate warms. Less agreement exists on the detection of recent historical trends in tropical cyclone intensity. We interpret future and recent historical trends by using the theory of potential intensity, which predicts the maximum intensity achievable by a tropical cyclone in a given local environment. Although greenhouse gas driven warming increases potential intensity, climate model simulations suggest that aerosol cooling has largely canceled that effect over the historical record. Large natural variability complicates analysis of trends, as do poleward shifts in the latitude of maximum intensity. In the absence of strong reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, future greenhouse gas forcing of potential intensity will increasingly dominate over aerosol forcing, leading to substantially larger increases in tropical cyclone intensities.
Fluvial sediment supply to a mega delta reduced by shifting tropical cyclone activity
Venue: Nature

The world's rivers deliver 19 billion tonnes of sediment to the coastal zone annually, with a considerable fraction being sequestered in large deltas, home to over 500 million people. Most (more than 70 per cent) large deltas are under threat from a combination of rising sea levels, ground surface subsidence and anthropogenic sediment trapping, and a sustainable supply of fluvial sediment is therefore critical to prevent deltas being 'drowned' by rising relative sea levels. Here we combine suspended sediment load data from the Mekong River with hydrological model simulations to isolate the role of tropical cyclones in transmitting suspended sediment to one of the world's great deltas. We demonstrate that spatial variations in the Mekong's suspended sediment load are correlated (r 0.765, P 0.1) with observed variations in tropical cyclone climatology, and that a substantial portion (32 per cent) of the suspended sediment load reaching the delta is delivered by runoff generated by rainfall associated with tropical cyclones. Furthermore, we estimate that the suspended load to the delta has declined by 52.6 10.2 megatonnes over recent years (1981 2005) of which 33.0 7.1 megatonnes is due to a shift in tropical cyclone climatology. Consequently, tropical cyclones have a key role in controlling the magnitude of, and variability in, transmission of suspended sediment to the coast. It is likely that anthropogenic sediment trapping in upstream reservoirs is a dominant factor in explaining past, and anticipating future, declines in suspended sediment loads reaching the world's major deltas. However, our study shows that changes in tropical cyclone climatology affect trends in fluvial suspended sediment loads and thus are also key to fully assessing the risk posed to vulnerable coastal systems.
Efficient flexible organic photovoltaics using silver nanowires and polymer based transparent electrodes

Planarization and filling voids between wires are key issues when using nanowire electrodes in flexible solar cells such as organic photovoltaics (OPV) For this purpose, we use poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) which leads to an electrically well connected silver nanowire (AgNW) network. Furthermore, the use of water based PEDOT: PSS leads to humidity assisted AgNW fusing, resulting in a maximum processing temperature of only 120 degC. OPV cells using this AgNW/PEDOT: PSS transparent electrodes exhibit power conversion efficiencies up to 7.15% Moreover, OPV devices on PET substrates with an alumina encapsulation and barrier adhesive show excellent mechanical flexibility.
A preliminary study about the influence of high hydrostatic pressure processing in parallel with oak chip maceration on the physicochemical and sensory properties of a young red wine.
Venue: Food chemistry

The influence of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing in parallel with oak chip maceration on the physicochemical and sensory properties of a young red wine was investigated preliminarily. Wines were treated by HHP at 250, 450 and 650MPa for up to 45min and French oak chips (5g/L) were added. HHP enhanced the extraction of phenolics from oak chips. The phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of the wine increased after HHP processing in the presence of oak chips. Meanwhile, the anthocyanin content and wine color intensity decreased in the first 5min of pressure treatment and then increased gradually. The multivariate analysis revealed that "pressure holding time" was the key factor affecting wine physicochemical characteristics during HHP processing in the presence of oak chips. Furthermore, oak chip maceration with and without HHP processing weakened the intensities of several sensory attributes and provided the wine with an artificial taste.
Microfluidic cytometers with integrated on chip optical systems for red blood cell and platelet counting.
Venue: Biomicrofluidics

A microfluidic cytometer with integrated on chip optical systems was designed for red blood cell (RBC) and platelet (PLT) counting. The design, fabrication, and characterization of the microfluidic cytometer with on chip optical signal detection were described. With process using only a single mask, the device that integrates optical fibers and on chip microlens with microfluidic channels on a polydimethylsiloxane layer by standard soft photolithography. This compact structure increased the sensitivity of the device and eliminated time consuming free space optical alignments. The microfluidic cytometer was used to count red blood cells and platelets. Forward scatter and extinction were collected simultaneously for each cell. Experimental results indicated that the microfluidic cytometer exhibited comparable performance with a conventional cytometer and demonstrated superior capacity to detect on chip optical signals in a highly compact, simple, truly portable, and low cost format that is well suitable for point of care clinical diagnostics.
Inorganic red perovskite quantum dot integrated blue chip: a promising candidate for high color rendering in w LEDs

Inorganic perovskite quantum dots (IPQD) assisted by a yellow emitting YAG:Ce phosphor were integrated on a blue LED chip. The red perovskite quantum dot (R PQD) assisted YAG:Ce phosphors exhibit warm white light with CCT (3328 K) high color rendering index (CRI 84.7) and a super high value of saturated red color component R9 as 96. The results demonstrate that the inorganic red perovskite quantum dot assisted yellow phosphor material may be a potential candidate for the generation of warm white light for indoor lighting applications.
Liquid Biofuels Development in Southeast Asian Countries: An Analysis of Market, Policies and Challenges

Bioethanol and biodiesel in the Southeast Asia are supplied to its domestic and regional market as well as exported to other countries in Asia and Europe of about 11 and 38 of the total production, respectively. Southeast Asian biofuel market must be looked in the regional context since ASEAN Economic Community in 2016 is expected to enhance the market integration. In this context, this paper provides a timely meta analysis of the region in terms of production consumption and trade linkages vis a vis key policies and concerns of likely impact. This study shows that Thailand plays a key role in feedstock supply, production, domestic consumption and export of bioethanol in the region. Malaysia and Indonesia are major players in biodiesel export market, but high domestic demand in Philippine results in import dependency for bioethanol. Our findings show that Thailand has comprehensive set of policies including ambitious national biofuels targets supported by fixing the price floor for buying from farmers, mandatory blending, and demand side subsidies, while the policies in other countries are less comprehensive with targeting only certain specific aspects. Our analysis also shows that market linkages within Southeast Asian countries for bioethanol and biodiesel are generally unconstrained by the domestic market protection related trade barriers except for biodiesel in Thailand. However, large scale introduction of biofuel has potential impacts to food security, land use, deforestation and environment.
From Communist Regime to Liberal Democracy: The Evolution of the Legal System in Lithuania

The article analyses the mechanism of the establishment and maintenance of liberal democracy in Lithuania. This is a political and legal process where politicians have to obey the requirements of constitutionalism consciously. The research considers the periodization of the evolution of the legal system in the Republic of Lithuania: from this approach three periods of the development of the relationship between constitutional law and politics are distinguished: (1) the period of priority of politics over constitutional law; (2) the period of the priority of constitutional law over politics and (3) the period of the maintenance of constitutional law as the methodological basis of political legal thinking in the political life of the state, the period of the maintenance of constitutional law as the methodological basis of political legal thinking in the political life of the state (since 2004) period coincides with the entry of the Republic of Lithuania to the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The legislation that does not meet the requirements of constitutionalism can be reported not only to the Constitutional Court, but also to the European Court of Human Rights and the European Court of Justice. This period reflects the tendency that the state's politicians seek to obey the values and norms of the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania deliberately. It was concluded that the principle of legal continuity is observed regarding the institutional formation of the legal system of Lithuania.
Intra and interscanner variability of magnetic resonance imaging based volumetry in multiple sclerosis
Venue: NeuroImage

Brain volumetric measurements in multiple sclerosis (MS) reflect not only disease specific processes but also other sources of variability. The latter has to be considered especially in multicenter and longitudinal studies. Here, we compare data generated by three different 3 Tesla magnetic resonance scanners (Philips Achieva; Siemens Verio; GE Signa MR750) We scanned two patients diagnosed with relapsing remitting MS six times per scanner within three weeks (T1w and FLAIR, 3D) We assessed T2 hyperintense lesions by an automated lesion segmentation tool and determined volumes of grey matter (GM) white matter (WM) and whole brain (GM+WM) from the lesion filled T1 weighted images using voxel based morphometry (SPM8/VBM8) and SIENAX (FSL) We measured cortical thickness using FreeSurfer from both, lesion filled and original T1 weighted images. We quantified brain volume changes with SIENA. In both patients, we found significant differences in total lesion volume, global brain tissue volumes and cortical thickness measures between the scanners. Morphometric measures varied remarkably between repeated scans at each scanner, independent of the brain imaging software tool used. We conclude that for cross sectional multicenter studies, the effect of different scanners has to be taken into account. For longitudinal monocentric studies, the expected effect size should exceed the size of false positive findings observed in this study. Assuming a physiological loss of brain volume of about 0.3% per year in healthy adult subjects (Good et al. 2001) which may double in MS (De Stefano et al. 2010; De Stefano et al. 2015) with current tools reliable estimation of brain atrophy in individual patients is only possible over periods of several years.