nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A co evolutionary approach for optimal bidding strategy of multiple electricity suppliers
Venue: 2016 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC)

Determining the optimal bidding strategies in a competitive electricity market has become an important research topic over the last few decades. In this paper, a supply function equilibrium game model is considered and formulated as a bilevel optimization problem, where the upper level is used to maximize the individual profit of each supplier and the lower one to minimize the overall operating cost. To solve this problem, a co evolutionary approach is designed in which each supplier uses its own sub population of a genetic algorithm to maximize its profit through a bidding strategy based on each of its generators' cost coefficients, while either a self adaptive differential evolution or sequential quadratic programming is used to optimally allocate the generation of each supplier by minimizing the operation cost. To validate the results obtained from the proposed method, an iterative method is also used to solve the two well known benchmarks in the literature. The results are compared with those from a state of art method in the literature which reveals that the co evolutionary approach has some merits in terms of quality and reliability.
Effects of exotic Eucalyptus spp. plantations on soil properties in and around sacred natural sites in the northern Ethiopian Highlands

Species of the genus Eucalyptus (common name eucalyptus) are widely planted all across Ethiopia including on large areas of land previously allocated to food production. In recent decades eucalyptus has also increasingly been planted on lands around and within "church forests," sacred groves of old aged Afromontane trees surrounding Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahido churches. These revered holy sites have long been recognized for their cultural values and also for their ecosystem services including their potential to support species conservation and restoration, as church forests are some of the only remaining sanctuaries for many of Ethiopia's indigenous and endemic plant and animal populations. Ethiopian Orthodox church communities have a long history of planting and nurturing indigenous tree seedlings to sustain church forest groves. However, due to the fast growing nature of eucalyptuscombined with its widely recognized socio economic benefits (as fuelwood, charcoal, construction wood, etc. this introduced species has been widely plantedaround church forests in some cases even replacing native tree species within church forests themselves. In many developing country contexts the introduction of exotic eucalyptus has been shown to have ecological impacts ranging from soil nutrient depletion, to lowering water tables, to allelopathic effects. In this study, we collected soil samples from indigenous forest fragments (church forests) adjacent eucalyptus plantations, and surrounding agricultural land to examine how eucalyptus plantations in Ethiopian Orthodox church communitiesmight impact soil quality relative to alternative land uses. Soil properties, including organic matter, pH, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were measured in samples across 20 church forest sites in South Gondar, East Gojjam, West Gojjam, Awi, and Bahir Dar Liyu zones in the Amhara Region of the northern Ethiopian Highlands. Findings indicate that although soil in eucalyptus stands is more acidic and has lower organic matter and nutrient levels than nearby church forests, eucalyptusplantations also exhibit consistently higher organic matter and nutrient levels when compared to adjacent agricultural land. These findings suggest that eucalyptus planting could potentially benefit soil fertility on land that has been degraded by subsistence agriculture.
Thermo rheological aspects of crustal evolution during continental breakup and melt intrusion: The Main Ethiopian Rift, East Africa

The Cenozoic Quaternary Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) is characterized by extended magmatic activity. Although magmatism has been recognized as a key element in the process of continental breakup, the interaction between melts and intruded lithosphere is still poorly understood. We have performed a 2D thermo rheological modeling study of continental crust incorporating rheological variations due to melt intrusion related thermal perturbation. The model is calibrated based on the characteristics of lithologies occurring in the MER and its extensional history, and includes the effect of metamorphism and anatexis on crustal strength and rheological features. During Miocene early rift phases strain in the MER was mainly accommodated through rift border faults, whereas Pliocene to recent extension history is characterized by magma assisted rifting with most strain accommodated across magmatic segments in the rift axis. Consequently, very little strain is distributed in the old Pan African to Paleogene crust during Pliocene to Holocene times. The magmatic activity along the rift axis created 20 km thick magmatic segments, with growth rate estimated to range from 3.5 mm yr 1 to 6 mm yr 1. Our model suggests that the strain transfer from Miocene rift border faults to magmatic segments was favored by a moderate increase in crustal strength, due to prograde metamorphism subsequent to the melt induced thermal perturbation. Under such conditions, crustal stretching may not constitute an effective extension mechanism, thus strain may be preferentially accommodated by melt injection along hot, partially molten magmatic segments. Anatexis has been detected in our simulations, with melt fractions sufficient to break up the crust solid framework and migrate. This determines local variations of rheological behavior and may induce seismicity. However, resulting melt percentages are not sufficient to induce widespread, crust derived volcanic activity. Subsequently, volcanism in the MER is mainly due to mantle derived melts, subjected to a various degree of fractionation, with minimal contribution from crust derived magmas.
Self organization in service discovery in presence of noncooperative agents
Venue: Neurocomputing

Self organization and cooperation of agents in open societies play an important role in the success of the service discovery process. Self organization allows agents to deal with dynamic requirements in service demand. Moreover, in distributed environments where service discovery is carried out by agents that only have a partial view of the system, cooperation with neighbors is a key issue in order to locate the required services. However, cooperation is not always present in open agent societies. With this motivation, we present a set of mechanisms that consider self organization actions and incentives to adapt the structure of the society to the service demand and to promote a cooperative behavior among agents in open societies.
Self organization in a distributed coordination game through heuristic rules

In this paper, we consider a distributed coordination game played by a large number of agents with finite information sets, which characterizes emergence of a single dominant attribute out of a large number of competitors. Formally, N agents play a coordination game repeatedly, which has exactly N pure strategy Nash equilibria, and all of the equilibria are equally preferred by the agents. The problem is to select one equilibrium out of N possible equilibria in the least number of attempts. We propose a number of heuristic rules based on reinforcement learning to solve the coordination problem. We see that the agents self organize into clusters with varying intensities depending on the heuristic rule applied, although all clusters but one are transitory in most cases. Finally, we characterize a trade off in terms of the time requirement to achieve a degree of stability in strategies versus the efficiency of such a solution.
Social Justice Oriented Interaction Design: Outlining Key Design Strategies and Commitments
Venue: Conference on Designing Interactive Systems

In recent years, many HCI designers have begun pursuing research agendas that address large scale social issues. These systemic or "wicked" problems present challenges for design practice due to their scope, scale, complexity, and political nature. In this paper, we develop a social justice orientation to designing for such challenges. We highlight a breadth of design strategies that target the goals of social justice along six dimensions transformation, recognition, reciprocity, enablement, distribution, and accountability and elaborate three commitments necessary to developing a social justice oriented design practice a commitment to conflict, a commitment to reflexivity, and a commitment to personal ethics and politics. Although there are no easy solutions to systemic social issues, a social justice orientation provides one way to foster an engagement with the thorny political issues that are increasingly acknowledged as crucial to a field that is not just about technological possibility, but also about political responsibility.
'Shh quiet! Here they come. Black employees as targets of office gossip

This study explored black employees' experiences of racial profiling by their white peers through the medium of gossip at a historically white, South African university. Participants consisted of 24 black employees (males 50% females 50% support staff 50% academic staff 50% The employees completed a semi structured interview that elicited their perceptions of the settings in which gossip about black employees occurred, the perceived intentions of such gossip, and their responses to it. The data obtained was thematically analysed. Findings suggested that the gossip targeted black employees who were absent from meetings, and that such gossip undermined the work performance and morale of these employees.
Usability Testing of Medical Devices, Second Edition

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Learning how to learn: Meta learning strategies for the challenges of learning pharmacology.
Venue: Nurse education today

Nursing students have difficulty with pharmacology courses because of the complicated nomenclature and the difficulty of applying drug information to actual patient care.  As part of a new pharmacology course being created, meta learning strategies designed to diminish the difficulties of learning this difficult content were part of the course pedagogy.  Strategies were demonstrated, reviewed in class, and implemented through homework assignments.  The setting was an Academic Health Center's School of Nursing in the southern United States.  Participants were third year nursing students in an undergraduate nursing program.  Surveys of students' opinions of learning gains were conducted at the end of the course over several semesters. In addition, pharmacology scores on a standardized exit exam were compared prior to implementing the course and after.  Students reported learning dry material more easily, having greater confidence, and finding substantial value in the learning strategies. Students indicated the most helpful strategies, in descending order, as follows: making charts to compare and contrast drugs and drug classes, writing out drug flash cards, making or reviewing creative projects, prioritizing information, making or using visual study aids, and using time and repetition to space learning. Implementation of the new course improved pharmacology scores on a standardized exit exam from 67.0% to 74.3% CONCLUSIONS Overall response to learning strategies was positive, and the increase in the pharmacology standardized exit exam scores demonstrated the effectiveness of this instructional approach.
Improvement of Facility Layout by Using Data Mining Algorithms and an Application

The facility layout problems are always important in the production or service industry system. For many years, it has been a common research field in active research. It seen that various methods were used in literature review for improving facility layout. We used association analysis which is one of the techniques of data mining in this study. The primary aim of this study is to improving the emergency department's efficiency, increasing patient satisfaction and employee satisfaction, decreasing travelled distance in emergency department. In this study, data acquired from information system of an emergency service was examined by means of data mining techniques (association rules such as GRI and Apriori) and relations between departments were found out. Association rules were analyzed via data mining techniques applied and then departments having more flow density with each other were determined. In consideration of this information an alternative facility layout planning was planned in regard to analysis results of departments' closeness situations, advices of emergency service doctor and observations made.
Sex differences in the gut microbiome brain axis across the lifespan
Venue: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

In recent years, the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the brain has emerged as a factor that influences immunity, metabolism, neurodevelopment and behaviour. Cross talk between the gut and brain begins early in life immediately following the transition from a sterile in utero environment to one that is exposed to a changing and complex microbial milieu over a lifetime. Once established, communication between the gut and brain integrates information from the autonomic and enteric nervous systems, neuroendocrine and neuroimmune signals, and peripheral immune and metabolic signals. Importantly, the composition and functional potential of the gut microbiome undergoes many transitions that parallel dynamic periods of brain development and maturation for which distinct sex differences have been identified. Here, we discuss the sexually dimorphic development, maturation and maintenance of the gut microbiome brain axis, and the sex differences therein important in disease risk and resilience throughout the lifespan.
Acetate mediates a microbiome brain b cell axis promoting metabolic syndrome
Venue: Nature

Obesity, insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome are associated with changes to the gut microbiota; however, the mechanism by which modifications to the gut microbiota might lead to these conditions is unknown. Here we show that increased production of acetate by an altered gut microbiota leads to activation of the parasympathetic nervous system which in turn promotes increased glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) increased ghrelin secretion, hyperphagia, obesity and its related sequelae (Extended  Taken together, these data identify increased acetate production by a nutrient gut microbiota interaction and subsequent parasympathetic activation as possible therapeutic targets for obesity.
Teaching With a Technological Twist: Exit Tickets via Twitter in Literacy Classrooms

In this article, the authors describe, reflect, and analyze the implementation of a commonly used teaching strategy with a technological twist: exit tickets via Twitter. Longitudinal data collected over the course of three years demonstrated that using Twitter to reinvent a nondigital teaching practice ultimately demonstrated a better understanding of student learning, provided a model for effective teaching, and offered more opportunities to hear student voices. Likewise, analyses showed the most important benefit of the strategy was an immediacy to classroom interactions. Examples of these interactions and the value in the immediacy, which allowed the instructor to capitalize on teachable moments and cocreate curriculum with students, are highlighted.
Image based drinks identification for dietary assessment
Venue: 2016 International Workshop on Computational Intelligence (IWCI)

In this paper, we propose a method to detect and recognize different types of drinks with a view to estimate its nutrient values using vision based algorithms. We use visual saliency and thresholding techniques to segment out the drink region from the image. After detection, both speed up robust features and color based visual features are used to create a Bag of Features (BoF) This BoF model is employed for recognition of drinks. Based on experimentation, our proposed method confirms that it is capable of detecting and recognizing different drinks categories with an accuracy greater than 89%
Perception and estimation challenges for humanoid robotics: DARPA Robotics Challenge and NASA Valkyrie
Venue: Security Defence

This paper describes ongoing work at the University of Edinburgh's Humanoid Robotics Project. University of Edinburgh have formed a collaboration with the United States' National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) around their R5 humanoid robot commonly known as Valkyrie. Also involved are MIT, Northeastern University and the Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition (IHMC) as part of NASA's Space Robotics Challenge. We will outline the development of state estimation and localization algorithms being developed for Valkyrie.
A blind medical image watermarking: DWT SVD based robust and secure approach for telemedicine applications
Venue: Multimedia Tools and Applications

In this paper, a blind image watermarking scheme based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) is proposed. In this scheme, DWT is applied on ROI (region of interest) of the medical image to get different frequency subbands of its wavelet decomposition. On the low frequency subband LL of the ROI, block SVD is applied to get different singular matrices. A pair of elements with similar values is identified from the left singular value matrix of these selected blocks. The values of these pairs are modified using certain threshold to embed a bit of watermark content. Appropriate threshold is chosen to achieve the imperceptibility and robustness of medical image and watermark contents respectively. For authentication and identification of original medical image, one watermark image (logo) and other text watermark have been used. The watermark image provides authentication whereas the text data represents electronic patient record (EPR) for identification. At receiving end, blind recovery of both watermark contents is performed by a similar comparison scheme used during the embedding process. The proposed algorithm is applied on various groups of medical images like X ray, CT scan and mammography. This scheme offers better visibility of watermarked image and recovery of watermark content due to DWT SVD combination. Moreover, use of Hamming error correcting code (ECC) on EPR text bits reduces the BER and thus provides better recovery of EPR. The performance of proposed algorithm with EPR data coding by Hamming code is compared with the BCH error correcting code and it is found that later one perform better. A result analysis shows that imperceptibility of watermarked image is better as PSNR is above 43 dB and WPSNR is above 52 dB for all set of images. In addition, robustness of the scheme is better than existing scheme for similar set of medical images in terms of normalized correlation coefficient (NCC) and bit error rate (BER) An analysis is also carried out to verify the performance of the proposed scheme for different size of watermark contents (image and EPR data) It is observed from analysis that the proposed scheme is also appropriate for watermarking of color image. Using proposed scheme, watermark contents are extracted successfully under various noise attacks like JPEG compression, filtering, Gaussian noise, Salt and pepper noise, cropping, filtering and rotation. Performance comparison of proposed scheme with existing schemes shows proposed scheme has better robustness against different types of attacks. Moreover, the proposed scheme is also robust under set of benchmark attacks known as checkmark attacks.
Fully secure fuzzy identity based encryption for secure IoT communications
Venue: Comput. Stand. Interfaces

How to securely transmit data is an important problem in Internet of Things (IoT) Fuzzy identity based encryption (FIBE) is a good candidate for resolving this problem. However, existing FIBE schemes suffer from the following disadvantages: rely on random oracle models, merely secure in selective ID model, long public parameters, and loose security reduction. In this paper, we propose a new FIBE scheme. Our scheme is secure in the full model without random oracles, and at the same time has a tight security reduction and short public parameters. This means that our scheme is quite suitable for secure transmitting data in IOT. We proposed a new fuzzy identity based encryption (FIBE) scheme.We prove that our new FIBE scheme is secure in the full model without random oracles.Our proposed FIBE scheme is more efficient than previous schemes.
Frugivore choice and escape from pre dispersal seed predators: the case of Dialium guianense and two sympatric primate species in southern Mexico
Venue: Plant Ecology

Seed predation and dispersal play key roles in the regeneration of tropical trees. Pre dispersal predation may cause high mortality in seed crops. Seeds may escape pre dispersal predation when ingested with the fruit pulp and moved away from the parent trees by frugivores. In southern Mexico, we investigated if seed traits (i.e. length, width, and mass) and seed damage by insects on Dialium guianense differed according to seed source: from the tree crowns, the ground, and from howler (Alouatta pigra) and spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi) feces. We counted the number of seeds with circular entrance and/or exit holes in their tegument. Ingested seeds were larger, heavier, and wider than non ingested seeds. Seeds ingested by the howler were, however, significantly larger than those ingested by the spider monkey. Damaged seeds showed the lowest values for all seed traits. The proportion of damage declined significantly from seeds on the ground (37 to seeds in spider monkey feces (29 to seeds from tree crowns (11 and finally to seeds in howler monkey feces (7 Fruit selection by primates influences dispersal quality differently, even when feeding on the same plant species. The howler monkey may increase the reproductive success of D. guianense by selecting larger and predation free seeds/fruits.