nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A Study on Consumer Attitude towards Eco Friendly FMCG Products With Reference To Hubli City in Karnataka

Over the last few decades the environmentalism has emerged to be a very important issue due to increasing in air pollution, poor management of waste, growing water scarcity, falling ground water scarcity, falling groundwater tables, water pollution, preservation and quality of forests, biodiversity loss, land/soil degradation, acid rains, depletion of the ozone layer from chloro fluoro carbons, and many more critical environmental issues. As a result there is an increasing interest from customers towards environmental protections and sustainable development. The customers are decided to use those goods which are environmentally safe and good for health. The primary objective of the study is to assess the level of environmental knowledge and concern of the respondents and also to examine the awareness and consumer attitude towards eco friendly FMCG product. This study was conducted in Hubli City, Karnataka with a sample size 100. Data was collected both by face to face interviews and email questionnaires. ANOVA test and percentage analysis were used as data analysis tools. The findings of the study reveal that Product label and outdoor advertisement are major sources of awareness towards eco friendly products. The consumers are aware of the eco friendly products and are having a positive attitude towards eco friendly products. It was found that the lack of knowledge and not aware of the benefits are barriers for purchasing eco friendly products. Majority of the respondents buy eco friendly products for health purpose. The study concludes that consumer is waking up to the virtues of green products. But it is still a new concept for the majority. The new green movements need to reach the masses and that will take a lot of time and effort. The government, the organization, the masses and the consumers has to join their hands together in bringing the ecological balance.
CONSUMERS' ATTITUDES IN MEDIATING THE INFLUENCE OFGREEN MARKETING ON THE PURCHASE INTENTION(A survey in The Body Shop Lampung)

The purpose of this research is to know the responses of the people about green marketing towards purchase intention on The Body Shop products. Sample of 100 respondent were selected by purposive sampling. Analysis used was Sobel Test. The result shows that green marketing positively and significantly affects consumers' attitude toward The Body Shop product with t count 9.810> t table (1.6607) The consumers' attitude positively and significantly affects the purchase intention toward The Body Shop with t count 5.244> t table (1.6607) Customers' attitude is fully mediate the green marketing affects on purchase intention through consumers' attitude toward The Body Shop products.
Towards productive landscapes: Trade offs in tree cover and income across a matrix of smallholder agricultural land use systems

One of the main causes of tropical forest loss is conversion to agriculture, which is constantly increasing as a dominant land cover in the tropics. The loss of forests greatly affects biodiversity and ecosystem services. This paper assesses the economic return from increasing tree cover in agricultural landscapes in two tropical locations, West Java, Indonesia and eastern Bangladesh. Agroforestry systems are compared with subsistence seasonal food crop based agricultural systems. Data were collected through rapid rural appraisal, field observation, focus groups and semi structured interviews of farm households. The inclusion of agroforestry tree crops in seasonal agriculture improved the systems' overall economic performance (net present value) even when it reduced understorey crop production. However, seasonal agriculture has higher income per unit of land area used for crop cultivation compared with the tree establishment and development phase of agroforestry farms. Thus, there is a trade off between short term loss of agricultural income and longer term economic gain from planting trees in farmland. For resource poor farmers to implement this change, institutional support is needed to improve their knowledge and skills with this unfamiliar form of land management, sufficient capital for the initial investment, and an increase in the security of land tenure.
The importance of ecosystem services in coastal agricultural landscapes: Case study from the Costa Brava, Catalonia

Agricultural landscapes are increasingly valued by society for their potential to provide multiple benefits and values, such as landscape beauty or habitat for biodiversity. Yet, Mediterranean agricultural landscapes are still following a pattern of changes under the narrow focus of increased agricultural productivity, while other benefits and values are depleted. In this study, we assess the importance and multiple benefits Mediterranean agricultural landscapes provide using the ecosystem services approach. Our research aims at assessing different social perceptions concerning the importance of coastal agrarian landscapes for human wellbeing. Using a case study from a coastal agricultural landscape at the Costa Brava, Girona (Spain) we combined non monetary and monetary methods to assess social perception and the willingness to pay for ecosystem services' delivery. Our study involved different social groups including local residents and tourists visiting the area. Results show that provisioning services and non productive ecosystem services, such as supporting and cultural services are seen as almost equally important and trade offs emerge between their prioritizations. A strong preference for cultural ecosystem services, especially aesthetic value (non monetary valuation) and environmental education (monetary valuation) can be observed. Our results suggest that different preferences are influenced by the respondents' place of residency and place of visit.
IoT in Precision Agriculture applications using Wireless Moisture Sensor Network
Venue: 2016 IEEE Conference on Open Systems (ICOS)

Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of sensors and connectivity to enable application like agriculture optimum irrigation. Wireless sensor network (WSN) and Wireless Moisture Sensor Network (WMSN) are components of IoT. One of the important processes in agriculture is irrigation. Improper irrigation will result in waste of water. Proper irrigation system could be achieved by using WSN technology. Monitoring and control applications have been tremendously improved by using WSN technology. It enabled efficient communication with many sensors. WMSN is a WSN with moisture sensors. In this study, Precision Agriculture (PA) used WMSN to enable efficient irrigation. In this paper, we describe about IoT and WMSN in agriculture applications particularly in greenhouse environment. This paper explained and proved the efficiency of feedback control method in greenhouse crop irrigation. A test was conducted to see the different these two methods. The methods are irrigation by schedule or feedback based irrigation. Irrigation by schedule is to supply water to the plant at specific time periods. Feedback based irrigation is to irrigate plant when the moisture or level of media wetness reached predefined value. The test shows that there is an average savings of 1,500 ml per day per tree.
Wireless sensor network in precision agriculture: A survey
Venue: 2016 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering, Technology and Science (ICETETS)

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of multiple unassisted embedded devices which process and transmit data collected from different on board physical sensors (temperature, humidity, pressure, etc. There are several applications in WSN such as agriculture, industrial monitoring, etc. In agriculture, plant diseases are regularly monitored by WSN. This survey paper explains about the existing methods and new methods and the development of WSN. Plant monitoring with the image processing and sensor networks using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based control is the new method. The figures in this paper consist of the development and progress in WSN.
Characterization of space dust using acoustic impact detection.
Venue: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

This paper describes studies leading to the development of an acoustic instrument for measuring properties of micrometeoroids and other dust particles in space. The instrument uses a pair of easily penetrated membranes separated by a known distance. Sensors located on these films detect the transient acoustic signals produced by particle impacts. The arrival times of these signals at the sensor locations are used in a simple multilateration calculation to measure the impact coordinates on each film. Particle direction and speed are found using these impact coordinates and the known membrane separations. This ability to determine particle speed, direction, and time of impact provides the information needed to assign the particle's orbit and identify its likely origin. In many cases additional particle properties can be estimated from the signal amplitudes, including approximate diameter and (for small particles) some indication of composition/morphology. Two versions of this instrument were evaluated in this study. Fiber optic displacement sensors are found advantageous when very thin membranes can be maintained in tension (solar sails, lunar surface) Piezoelectric strain sensors are preferred for thicker films without tension (long duration free flyers) The latter was selected for an upcoming installation on the International Space Station.
Trends in space activities in 2014: The significance of the space activities of governments

This article addresses the principal events of 2014 in the field of space activities, and extrapolates from them the primary trends that can be identified in governmental space activities. In 2014, global space activities centered on two vectors. The first was geopolitical, and the second relates to the matrix between increasing commercial space activities and traditional governmental space activities. In light of these two vectors, the article outlines and analyzes trends of space exploration, human spaceflights, industry and technology, cooperation versus self reliance, and space security and sustainability. It also reviews the space activities of the leading space faring nations.
LightForce photon pressure collision avoidance: Efficiency analysis in the current debris environment and long term simulation perspective.
Venue: Acta astronautica

This work provides an efficiency analysis of the LightForce space debris collision avoidance scheme in the current debris environment and describes a simulation approach to assess its impact on the long term evolution of the space debris environment. LightForce aims to provide just in time collision avoidance by utilizing photon pressure from ground based industrial lasers. These ground stations impart minimal accelerations to increase the miss distance for a predicted conjunction between two objects. In the first part of this paper we will present research that investigates the short term effect of a few systems consisting of 20 kW class lasers directed by 1.5 m diameter telescopes using adaptive optics. The results found such a network of ground stations to mitigate more than 85 percent of conjunctions and could lower the expected number of collisions in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) by an order of magnitude. While these are impressive numbers that indicate LightForce's utility in the short term, the remaining 15 of possible collisions contain (among others) conjunctions between two massive objects that would add large amount of debris if they collide. Still, conjunctions between massive objects and smaller objects can be mitigated. Hence, we choose to expand the capabilities of the simulation software to investigate the overall effect of a network of LightForce stations on the long term debris evolution. In the second part of this paper, we will present the planned simulation approach for that effort. For the efficiency analysis of collision avoidance in the current debris environment, we utilize a simulation approach that uses the entire Two Line Element (TLE) catalog in LEO for a given day as initial input. These objects are propagated for one year and an all on all conjunction analysis is performed. For conjunctions that fall below a range threshold, we calculate the probability of collision and record those values. To assess efficiency, we compare a baseline (without collision avoidance) conjunction analysis with an analysis where LightForce is active. Using that approach, we take into account that collision avoidance maneuvers could have effects on third objects. Performing all on all conjunction analyses for extended period of time requires significant computer resources; hence we implemented this simulation utilizing a highly parallel approach on the NASA Pleiades supercomputer.
Performance Appraisal and Performance Related Pay in Government: The Case of South Korea

Many OECD countries began to move from the single pay scale toward more flexible pay arrangements that have pay for performance, and not pay for seniority. The purpose of this study is to review the case of South Korea on pay flexibility in the Korean civil service. Since a performance evaluation is a key element in performance management system, performance appraisal systems in the Korean Central Government are first elaborated, followed by discussion of two performance related pay systems (performance related pay for higher level officials and performance related pay for middle and lower level officials) used in the Korean central government. After that, the impact of pay flexibility in government, policy implications, and concluding remarks are presented.
CAT: A Cost Aware Translator for SQL query workflow to MapReduce jobflow
Venue: Data Knowl. Eng.

MapReduce is undoubtedly the most popular framework for large scale processing and analysis of vast data sets in clusters of machines. To facilitate the easier use of MapReduce, SQL like declarative languages and SQL to MapReduce translators have attracted increasing attentions recently. The SQL to MapReduce translator can automatically generate the MapReduce jobflow for each SQL query submitted by users, which significantly simplifies the interfacing between users and systems. Although a plethora of translators have been developed, the auto generated MapReduce programs still suffered from extremely inefficiency. In this paper, we attempt to address this challenge by developing a novel Cost Aware Translator (CAT) CAT has two notable features. First, it defines two intra SQL correlations: Generalized Job Flow Correlation (GJFC) and Input Correlation (IC) based on which a set of looser merging rules are introduced. Thus, both Top Down (TD) and Bottom Up (BU) merging strategies are proposed and integrated into CAT simultaneously. Second, it adopts a cost estimation model for MapReduce jobflows to guide the selection of a more efficient MapReduce jobflows auto generated by TD and BU merging strategies. Finally, comparative experiments on TPC H benchmark demonstrate the effectiveness and scalability of CAT.
PGQL: a property graph query language
Venue: GRADES '16

Graph based approaches to data analysis have become more widespread, which has given need for a query language for graphs. Such a graph query language needs not only SQL like functionality for querying structured data, but also intrinsic support for typical graph style applications: reachability analysis, path finding and graph construction. We propose a new query language for the popular Property Graph (PG) data model: the Property Graph Query Language (PGQL) PGQL is based on the paradigm of graph pattern matching, closely follows syntactic structures of SQL, and provides regular path queries with conditions on labels and properties to allow for reachability and path finding queries. Besides intrinsic vertex, edge and path types, PGQL also has the graph as intrinsic type and allows for graph construction and query composition.
International marketing: Theory and practice from developing countries

This volume offers an excellent understanding of international marketing theory and practice within a constantly changing and increasingly complex global environment, with greater emphasis on developing countries. Designed for academics, researchers, students, practitioners, and policy makers in the fields of international marketing, international business, and international trade, the book provides in depth knowledge and understanding of contemporary theories and their applications in international marketing functions and practices. It exposes the readers to the global environmental forces that impact on international marketing involvement and the basic marketing strategies suitable for international marketing. As such, it will enable the reader to develop skills for effective planning, organization, execution, and control of international marketing operations. While a great deal of effort has been spent on meaningfully integrating the theoretical foundations and actual business practices, various concepts are supported by compelling exhibits, industry specific examples, and illustrations from developing countries. The questions at the end of each chapter are designed to test the readers' understanding and application of what they have learned in actual situations.
Pore scale dispersion: Bridging the gap between microscopic pore structure and the emerging macroscopic transport behavior.
Venue: Physical review. E

We devise an efficient methodology to provide a universal statistical description of advection dominated dispersion (Peclet in natural porous media including carbonates. First, we investigate the dispersion of tracer particles by direct numerical simulation (DNS) The transverse dispersion is found to be essentially determined by the tortuosity and it approaches a Fickian limit within a dozen characteristic scales. Longitudinal dispersion was found to be Fickian in the limit for bead packs and superdiffusive for all other natural media inspected. We demonstrate that the Lagrangian velocity correlation length is a quantity that characterizes the spatial variability for transport. Finally, a statistical transport model is presented that sheds light on the connection between pore scale characteristics and the resulting macroscopic transport behavior. Our computationally efficient model accurately reproduces the transport behavior in longitudinal direction and approaches the Fickian limit in transverse direction.
Proprioceptive Training and Injury Prevention in a Professional Men's Basketball Team: A Six Year Prospective Study
Venue: Journal of strength and conditioning research

Riva, D, Bianchi, R, Rocca, F, and Mamo, C. Proprioceptive training and injury prevention in a professional men's basketball team: A six year prospective study.  2016 Single limb stance instability is a risk factor for lower extremity injuries. Therefore, the development of proprioception may play an important role in injury prevention. This investigation considered a professional basketball team for 6 years, integrating systematic proprioceptive activity in the training routine. The purpose was to assess the effectiveness of proprioceptive training programs based on quantifiable instability, to reduce ankle sprains, knee sprains, and low back pain through developing refined and long lasting proprioceptive control. Fifty five subjects were studied. In the first biennium (2004 2006) the preventive program consisted of classic proprioceptive exercises. In the second biennium (2006 2008) the proprioceptive training became quantifiable and interactive by means of electronic proprioceptive stations. In the third biennium (2008 2010) the intensity and the training volume increased while the session duration became shorter. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences in proprioceptive control between groups, years, and bienniums. Injury rates and rate ratios of injury during practices and games were estimated. The results showed a statistically significant reduction in the occurrence of ankle sprains by 81% from the first to the third biennium (p 0.001) Low back pain showed similar results with a reduction of 77.8% (p 0.005) The reduction in knee sprains was 64.5% (not significant) Comparing the third biennium with the level of all new entry players, proprioceptive control improved significantly by 72.2% (p 0.001) These findings indicate that improvements in proprioceptive control in single stance may be a key factor for an effective reduction in ankle sprains, knee sprains, and low back pain.
Effects of aerobic exercises with and without proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on the selected physical fitness variables of the inter collegiate basketball players

The purpose of the study was to find out the effects of the aerobics exercises with and without Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation formulated as on the selected physical Fitness variables of the inter collegiate basketball players. METHODOLOGY of the study was formulated as pre and posttest random group design. The selected subjects were the participants of the intercollegiate level basketball tournament in the Coimbatore district. The age of the subjects for the study was ranged in between 18 to 25 years. The subjects were randomly selected and divided into three equal groups Group I, aerobic group, Group II, aerobic with PNF, and Group III, control group and each group consisting of 15 subjects, totally 45 subjects. The selected subjects were initially tested on the criterion variables used in the study and it is considered as the pre test. After assessing the pre test, the subjects belonging to the group I aerobic group were treated with the aerobic training, the group II treated with the aerobic with PNF and the group III control group was not given specific training. STATISTICAL TOOL, the collected data were statistically analyzed with a paired (sample) t test to find out the significant improvement between pre and posttest of all the groups. The groups during the experimental period of twelve weeks to the criterion measures were tested for the significance by applying t test at 0.05 level. It was considered as sufficient for the study. The collected data was processed by using the Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) to determine the significant difference among the treatment means of the each variable. During the analysis of covariance showed significant differences between treatment means, Scheffe's post hoc test was applied to test the significant differences between the paired adjusted means at 0.05 level of the confidence. DISCUSSION, before and after training the pretest and the post test was conducted for the three groups. Subjects in the experimental groups were treated with the respective treatment for three days a week for the duration of 12 weeks. After completion of the treatment period all the subjects were again tested on the criterion variables and considered as the post test. , it was concluded that the group I, aerobic group and the group II, aerobic with PNF after 12 weeks training showed a significant improvements on the selected physical fitness variables.