nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Reliability and validity of academic motivation scale for sports high school students

This study was designed to test validity and reliability of Academic Motivation Scale (AMS) for sports high school students. The research conducted with 357 volunteered girls (n=117) and boys (n=240) Confirmatory factor analysis showed that Chi square (kh2) degrees of freedom (df) and kh2/df ratio were 1102.90, 341 and 3.234, respectively. Goodness of Fit Index, Comparative Fit Index, Non normed Fit Index and Incremental Fit Index were between 0.92 0.95. Additionally, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index, An Average Errors Square Root and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation were 0.88, 0.070 and 0.079, respectively. Subscale reliability coefficients were between 0.77 and 0.86. Test retest correlations of AMS were found between 0.79 and 0.91. Results showed that scale was suitable for determination of sports high school students' academicals motivation levels.
Motivating Revisions of Management Accounting Systems: An Examination of Organizational Goals and Accounting Feedback

Successful revisions of management accounting systems (MAS) require substantial effort, and it has been suggested that providing feedback about the success of short run MAS changes can motivate continued change efforts. Based on psychology theories of goal priming, I predict that such feedback can either increase or decrease continued effort, depending on whether it activates a high level goal (i.e. an overarching long term project goal) in individuals' minds. Activation of a high level goal via a slogan in an accounting report leads participants in my experiment to interpret feedback in terms of their commitment to the goal, and thus to exert more effort toward MAS revision after success than failure. In the absence of high level goal activation, however, participants interpret feedback in terms of whether sufficient progress has yet been made, and thus they exert more effort after failure than success. These findings not only provide insight into the effects of accounting feedback on individual effort; they also expand our understanding of the effects of accounting report design by providing evidence of motivational effects in addition to the cognitive effects addressed in prior studies.
Metasurface based ultrathin carpet cloak
Venue: 2016 10th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)

Here we present the design and numerical results for an ultrathin unidirectional carpet cloak based on the restoration of the phase of the reflected wave. This ultrathin carpet cloak conceals a triangular surface bump with center height of 4.1 mm and tilt angle of 20 deg. The cloaking metasurface consists of an array of closed ring resonators, which allow an efficient phase manipulation along the edge of the bump. The numerical results at operation frequency f0 80 GHz demonstrate a good performance of the designed cloak in both near field and far field. The presented cloak has a thin, lightweight, and easy to fabricate design for radio and THz frequencies and can find applications in radar and antenna systems.
Acoustic carpet cloak based on an ultrathin metasurface

An acoustic metasurface carpet cloak based on membrane capped cavities is proposed and investigated numerically. This design has been chosen for allowing ultrathin geometries, although adapted to airborne sound frequencies in the range of 1 kHz (l30 cm) surpassing the designs reported in the literature in terms of thinness. A formulation of generalized Snell's laws is first proposed, mapping the directions of the incident and reflected waves to the metasurface phase function. This relation is then applied to achieve a prescribed wavefront reflection direction, for a given incident direction, by controlling the acoustic impedance grading along the metasurface. The carpet cloak performance of the proposed acoustic metasurface is then assessed on a triangular bump obstacle, generally considered as a baseline configuration in the literature.
All dielectric ultrathin conformal metasurfaces: lensing and cloaking applications at 532 nm wavelength
Venue: Scientific reports

Metasurfaces are ideal candidates for conformal wave manipulation on curved objects due to their low profiles and rich functionalities. Here we design and analyze conformal metasurfaces for practical optical applications at 532 nm visible band for the first time. The inclusions are silicon disk nanoantennas embedded in a flexible supporting layer of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) They behave as local phase controllers in subwavelength dimensions for successful modification of electromagnetic responses point by point, with merits of high efficiency, at visible regime, ultrathin films, good tolerance to the incidence angle and the grid stretching due to the curvy substrate. An efficient modeling technique based on field equivalence principle is systematically proposed for characterizing metasurfaces with huge arrays of nanoantennas oriented in a conformal manner. Utilizing the robust nanoantenna inclusions and benefiting from the powerful analyzing tool, we successfully demonstrate the superior performances of the conformal metasurfaces in two specific areas, with one for lensing and compensation of spherical aberration, and the other carpet cloak, both at 532 nm visible spectrum.
Learning from Inflation Experiences

How do individuals form expectations about future inflation? We propose that individuals overweight inflation experienced during their lifetimes. This approach modifies existing adaptive learning models to allow for age dependent updating of expectations in response to inflation surprises. Young individuals update their expectations more strongly than older individuals since recent experiences account for a greater share of their accumulated lifetime history. We find support for these predictions using 57 years of microdata on inflation expectations from the Reuters/Michigan Survey of Consumers. Differences in experiences strongly predict differences in expectations, including the substantial disagreement between young and old individuals in periods of highly volatile inflation, such as the 1970s. It also explains household borrowing and lending behavior, including the choice of mortgages.
Quantum Like Bayesian Networks for Modeling Decision Making
Venue: Front. Psychol.

In this work, we explore an alternative quantum structure to perform quantum probabilistic inferences to accommodate the paradoxical findings of the Sure Thing Principle. We propose a Quantum Like Bayesian Network, which consists in replacing classical probabilities by quantum probability amplitudes. However, since this approach suffers from the problem of exponential growth of quantum parameters, we also propose a similarity heuristic that automatically fits quantum parameters through vector similarities. This makes the proposed model general and predictive in contrast to the current state of the art models, which cannot be generalized for more complex decision scenarios and that only provide an explanatory nature for the observed paradoxes. In the end, the model that we propose consists in a nonparametric method for estimating inference effects from a statistical point of view. It is a statistical model that is simpler than the previous quantum dynamic and quantum like models proposed in the literature. We tested the proposed network with several empirical data from the literature, mainly from the Prisoner's Dilemma game and the Two Stage Gambling game. The results obtained show that the proposed quantum Bayesian Network is a general method that can accommodate violations of the laws of classical probability theory and make accurate predictions regarding human decision making in these scenarios.
Rethinking the manager's role

Constant improvements in robotics and machine learning, in conjunction with the automation of routine tasks, make management a more unclear practice. When technology enables many people to have more information about themselves and others, its easier to take a clear and more mature view of the workplace. Self assessment tools, particularly those that enable people to diagnose what they do and how they do it, can help employees pinpoint their own productivity issues. They have less need for the watchful eyes of a manager. Technology enabled social networking is capable of creating robust and realistic maps of influence and power. Rather than seeing the end of management, we seem to be witnessing the rise of a more skilled form of it.
Rayyan a web and mobile app for systematic reviews
Venue: Systematic Reviews

BackgroundSynthesis of multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in a systematic review can summarize the effects of individual outcomes and provide numerical answers about the effectiveness of interventions. Filtering of searches is time consuming, and no single method fulfills the principal requirements of speed with accuracy. Automation of systematic reviews is driven by a necessity to expedite the availability of current best evidence for policy and clinical decision making.We developed Rayyan (http:/rayyan.qcri.org) a free web and mobile app, that helps expedite the initial screening of abstracts and titles using a process of semi automation while incorporating a high level of usability. For the beta testing phase, we used two published Cochrane reviews in which included studies had been selected manually. Their searches, with 1030 records and 273 records, were uploaded to Rayyan. Different features of Rayyan were tested using these two reviews. We also conducted a survey of Rayyan's users and collected feedback through a built in feature.ResultsPilot testing of Rayyan focused on usability, accuracy against manual methods, and the added value of the prediction feature. The "taster" review (273 records) allowed a quick overview of Rayyan for early comments on usability. The second review (1030 records) required several iterations to identify the previously identified 11 trials. The "suggestions" and "hints," based on the "prediction model," appeared as testing progressed beyond five included studies. Post rollout user experiences and a reflexive response by the developers enabled real time modifications and improvements. The survey respondents reported 40% average time savings when using Rayyan compared to others tools, with 34% of the respondents reporting more than 50% time savings. In addition, around 75% of the respondents mentioned that screening and labeling studies as well as collaborating on reviews to be the two most important features of Rayyan.As of November 2016, Rayyan users exceed 2000 from over 60 countries conducting hundreds of reviews totaling more than 1.6M citations. Feedback from users, obtained mostly through the app web site and a recent survey, has highlighted the ease in exploration of searches, the time saved, and simplicity in sharing and comparing include exclude decisions. The strongest features of the app, identified and reported in user feedback, were its ability to help in screening and collaboration as well as the time savings it affords to users.ConclusionsRayyan is responsive and intuitive in use with significant potential to lighten the load of reviewers.
A Seismic Strengthening Technique for Reinforced Concrete Columns Using Sprayed FRP
Venue: Polymers

Conventional methods for seismic retrofitting of concrete columns include reinforcement with steel plates or steel frame braces, as well as cross sectional increments and in filled walls. However, these methods have some disadvantages, such as the increase in mass and the need for precise construction. Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets for seismic strengthening of concrete columns using new light weight composite materials, such as carbon fiber or glass fiber, have been developed, have excellent durability and performance, and are being widely applied to overcome the shortcomings of conventional seismic strengthening methods. Nonetheless, the FRP sheet reinforcement method also has some drawbacks, such as the need for prior surface treatment, problems at joints, and relatively expensive material costs. In the current research, the structural and material properties associated with a new method for seismic strengthening of concrete columns using FRP were investigated. The new technique is a sprayed FRP system, achieved by mixing chopped glass and carbon fibers with epoxy and vinyl ester resin in the open air and randomly spraying the resulting mixture onto the uneven surface of the concrete columns. This paper reports on the seismic resistance of reinforced concrete columns controlled by shear strengthening using the sprayed FRP system. Five shear column specimens were designed, and then strengthened with sprayed FRP by using different combinations of short carbon or glass fibers and epoxy or vinyl ester resins. There was also a non strengthened control specimen. Cyclic loading tests were carried out, and the ultimate load carrying capacity and deformation were investigated, as well as hysteresis in the lateral load drift relationship. The results showed that shear strengths and deformation capacities of shear columns strengthened using sprayed FRP improved markedly, compared with those of the control column. The spraying FRP technique developed in this study can be practically and effectively used for the seismic strengthening of existing concrete columns.
N MID Osteocalcin (N MID Oc) dan b Crosslaps (b CTx) sebagai Penanda Biokimia Bone Turn Over pada Wanita Menopause

Osteocalcin merupakan senyawa penanda untuk pembentukan tulang sedangkan b CrossLaps (b CTx) merupakan fragmen hasil pemecahan kolagen tipe 1. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan N MID osteocalcin (N MID Oc) dan b CTx sebagai penanda biokimia Bone Turn Over untuk deteksi dini osteoporosis pada wanita menopause. Nilai N MID Oc dalam serum ditentukan dengan pereaksi Elecsys N MID Osteocalcin kit dan nilai b CTx dalam serum ditentukan dengan pereaksi Elecsys b CROSSLAPS kit yang bekerja berdasarkan prinsip Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) Data yang diperoleh diuji dengan menggunakan Uji T. Sampel yang dikumpulkan berasal dari wanita normal, osteopenia, dan penderita osteoporosis pada wanita menopause. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan nilai N MID Oc pada wanita menopause normal dengan wanita menopause osteopenia, wanita menopause normal dengan wanita menopause penderita osteoporosis dan wanita menopause osteopenia dengan wanita menopause penderita osteoporosis (a=0,05) sedangkan pada nilai b CTx terdapat perbedaan antara wanita menopause normal dengan wanita menopause osteopenia, wanita menopause osteopenia dengan wanita menopause osteoporosis, tetapi antara wanita menopause osteopenia dengan wanita menopause osteoporosis tidak menunjukkan perbedaan (a=0,05) Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa N MID Oc dan b CTx dapat dijadikan parameter untuk deteksi dini osteoporosis.  N MID Osteocalcin (N MID Oc) Osteoporosis, b CrossLaps (b CTx) N MID Osteocalcin (N MID Oc) and b Crosslaps (b CTx) as Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover in Menopausal Women Osteocalcin is a marker compound for bone formation while the b crosslaps a fragment split from collagen type 1. The aims of this study were to determined of the value of N MID osteocalcin (N MID Oc) and b CTx as a biochemical marker of Bone Turn Over as early detection of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. The value of N MID Oc in serum was determined by reagent Elecsys N MID Osteocalcin kit and the value of b CTx in serum was determined by reagent Elecsys b Crosslaps kit which works with the principle of Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) The data obtained were examined using T test. The sample collected from normal, osteopenia, and osteoporotic in menopausal women. There were a significant difference N MID Oc between normal, osteopenia, and osteoporotic in menopausal women (a=0,05) There were significant differences of b CTx between normal and osteopenia, normal and osteoporosis but between osteopenia and osteoporotic menopausal women not showed any difference (a=0,05) N MID Osteocalcin (N MID Oc) and b CTx can be used as parameter for early detection of osteoporosis. Key words N MID Osteocalcin (N MID Oc) Osteoporosis, b CrossLaps (b CTx)
Reuse of Refractory Brick Wastes (RBW) as a Supplementary Cementitious Material in a Concrete

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the reuse of refractory brick wastes (RWB) as a supplementary cementitious materials (by a total replacement of silica fume) to produce a new concretes; namely a high performance fiber reinforced concrete (HPFRC) This work presents an experimental study on the formulation and physico mechanical characterization of high performance fiber reinforced concretes based on three types of refractory brick wastes. These were recovered from the float glass industry (Mediterranean Float Glass) after their use in the oven basin (i.e. d. they are considered waste unit) Three compositions of concrete (HPFRC) were established based on three types of refractory brick wastes (finely crushed) with the dosage of each type of bricks is kept constant and similar that dosage of silica fume used for the control concrete. While all the other components and the water/binder ratio are maintained constant with the same quantity of the superplasticizer. The performance of HPFRC, were evaluated by determining the essential characteristics of fresh and hardened concrete. The results obtained showed that refractory bricks finely ground have the potential to be used as cementitious material or additions for concrete manufacture.
Influences of diurnal sampling bias on fixed point monitoring of plankton biodiversity determined using a massively parallel sequencing based technique.
Venue: Gene

In this study, we investigated the influence of diurnal sampling bias on the community structure of plankton by comparing the biodiversity among seawater samples (n=9) obtained every 3h for 24h by using massively parallel sequencing (MPS) based plankton monitoring at a fixed point conducted at Himedo seaport in Yatsushiro Sea, Japan. The number of raw operational taxonomy units (OTUs) and OTUs after re sampling was 507 658 (558 104, mean standard deviation) and 448 544 (467 81) respectively, indicating high plankton biodiversity at the sampling location. The relative abundance of the top 20 OTUs in the samples from Himedo seaport was 48.8 67.7% (58.0 5.8% and the highest ranked OTU was Pseudo nitzschia species (Bacillariophyta) with a relative abundance of 17.3 39.2% followed by Oithona sp. 1 and Oithona sp. 2 (Arthropoda) During seawater sampling, the semidiurnal tidal current having an amplitude of 0.3ms( 1) was dominant, and the westward residual current driven by the northeasterly wind was continuously observed during the 24 h monitoring. Therefore, the relative abundance of plankton species apparently fluctuated among the samples, but no significant difference was noted according to G test (p>0.05) Significant differences were observed between the samples obtained from a different locality (Kusuura in Yatsushiro Sea) and at different dates, suggesting that the influence of diurnal sampling bias on plankton diversity, determined using the MPS based survey, was not significant and acceptable.
Recruiting for Laboratory Voting Experiments: Exploring the (Potential) Sampling Bias

Laboratory experiments are often criticized for relying on student samples only. In this chapter, we re analyze four laboratory voting experiments that have been conducted on both student dominated and more heterogeneous samples. We find very few differences regarding the behavior of subjects. Due to data limitation, our chapter does not offer a definitive answer to the question of whether there is a sampling bias in voting experiments. However, we do claim that the researchers interested in the topic should focus how the reasoning abilities of subjects, instead of the fact of being a student, affect the behavior in the laboratory.
Ensuring Rapid Mixing and Low Bias for Asynchronous Gibbs Sampling
Venue: ICML

Gibbs sampling is a Markov chain Monte Carlo technique commonly used for estimating marginal distributions. To speed up Gibbs sampling, there has recently been interest in parallelizing it by executing asynchronously. While empirical results suggest that many models can be efficiently sampled asynchronously, traditional Markov chain analysis does not apply to the asynchronous case, and thus asynchronous Gibbs sampling is poorly understood. In this paper, we derive a better understanding of the two main challenges of asynchronous Gibbs: bias and mixing time. We show experimentally that our theoretical results match practical outcomes.
Advances in Algorithms for Re Sampling Class Imbalanced Educational Data Sets

Real world data sets often contain disproportionate sample sizes of observed groups making it difficult for predictive analytics algorithms. One of the many ways to combat inherent bias from class imbalance data is to perform re sampling. In this book chapter we discuss popular re sampling methods proposed in research literature, such as Synthetic Minority Over sampling Technique (SMOTE) and Propensity Score Matching (PSM) We provide an insight into recent advances and our own novel algorithms under the umbrella term of Over sampling Using Propensity Scores (OUPS) Using simulation we conduct experiments that result in statistical improvement in accuracy and sensitivity by using these new algorithmic approaches.
Evaluation of Age Releated Anti Mullerian Hormone Variations in Domestic Cat

Anti Mullerian hormone (AMH) belongs to the Transforming Growth Factor ss (TGF ss) family and produces only in ovaries by the granulosa cells of growing follicles in females. Therefore the measurement of AMH levels plays an important role for the detection of the presence or absence of the ovaries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the individual AMH levels before and after ovariohysterectomy (OHE) to demonstrate mean AMH alterations in the absence of ovaries with blood sampling in different days after OHE, to demonstrate the age related changes in serum AMH levels and investigate the usability of serum AMH levels as a diagnostic tool for detecting the presence of functional ovarian tissue in domestic cats. Totally 30 domestic cats were used for this study. The animals were allocated into 2 groups according to their ages; <1 year old (Group 1, n=13) and >1 year old (Group 2, n=17) Mean serum AMH concentrations of all cats at day 0 and day 3rd were found 3.15+ 2.25 ng/mL and 0.38+ 0.21 ng/mL respectively. Ten days after surgery, AMH levels of all spayed cats were below the minimum detectable concentration of the ELISA kit <0.08 ng/mL) According to the age classification, the age of cats were correlated with AMH levels at day 0 (rs=0.293, P<0.05) and at day 3 (rs=0.410, P<0.01) It can be concluded that measurement of serum AMH concentrations is adequate for assessing the functional ovarian tissue in cats.