nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Intersexuality: On Secret Bodies and Secrecy

The article problematizes the treatment of intersex as a secret within the medical and family systems. Under the biosocial assumption that the "intersexual" body is pathological and requiring immediate surgical and hormonal regulation, intersex individuals are made to undergo a process of transforsexation, that is, the violent production of a normative masculinity or femininity by means of invasive clinical practices. In this process absolute secrecy serves as a central factor for the success of normalization. We argue that not only does "the secret" of intersex bodies become an active factor in the normalization of sex but also paradoxically it is counteracted by the body, which does not "speak" the language of "the secret" and continues to reproduce new forms of intersex combinations in response to ongoing medical intervention. Our analysis is based on case histories told by 6 mothers of intersex children and by 11 intersex adults, stories in which secrecy has been an essential theme in the process of transforsexation imposed by doctors and followed by the parents. Secrecy, even more than the surgery itself, was, in the experience of intersex adults, a great cause of confusion, anger, mistrust, and criticism. Because of secrecy, intersex children are thus deprived of a language to name their experience or interpret the sense of their body.
The Effects of Fungicide, Soil Fumigant, Bio Organic Fertilizer and Their Combined Application on Chrysanthemum Fusarium Wilt Controlling, Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Properties
Venue: Molecules

Sustained monoculture often leads to a decline in soil quality, in particular to the build up of pathogen populations, a problem that is conventionally addressed by the use of either fungicide and/or soil fumigation. This practice is no longer considered to be either environmentally sustainable or safe. While the application of organic fertilizer is seen as a means of combating declining soil fertility, it has also been suggested as providing some control over certain soil borne plant pathogens. Here, a greenhouse comparison was made of the Fusarium wilt control efficacy of various treatments given to a soil in which chrysanthemum had been produced continuously for many years. The treatments comprised the fungicide carbendazim (MBC) the soil fumigant dazomet (DAZ) the incorporation of a Paenibacillus polymyxa SQR21 (P. polymyxa SQR21, fungal antagonist) enhanced bio organic fertilizer (BOF) and applications of BOF combined with either MBC or DAZ. Data suggest that all the treatments evaluated show good control over Fusarium wilt. The MBC and DAZ treatments were effective in suppressing the disease, but led to significant decrease in urease activity and no enhancement of catalase activity in the rhizosphere soils. BOF including treatments showed significant enhancement in soil enzyme activities and microbial communities compared to the MBC and DAZ, evidenced by differences in bacterial/fungi (B/F) ratios, Shannon Wiener indexes and urease, catalase and sucrase activities in the rhizosphere soil of chrysanthemum. Of all the treatments evaluated, DAZ/BOF application not only greatly suppressed Fusarium wilt and enhanced soil enzyme activities and microbial communities but also promoted the quality of chrysanthemum obviously. Our findings suggest that combined BOF with DAZ could more effectively control Fusarium wilt disease of chrysanthemum.
Enjoyable Informal Learning at Cultural Heritage Site using Mobile Augmented Reality: Measurement and Evaluation

An instrument of evaluation to measure enjoyable informal learning at cultural heritage site is proposed and discussed in this paper. Content and face validity (first cycle) was conducted and then followed by a reliability analysis (second cycle) From both analyses, it was found that the proposed instrument was reliable to be used to measure enjoyable informal learning dimension at cultural heritage site among visitors. The instrument was used to test a prototype application named as AR@Melaka at Melaka heritage site. The result from 200 respondents proved that the prototype has successfully helped visitors to experience enjoyable informal learning at cultural heritage site. It is proven that AR@Melaka is applicable in assisting tourist to learn in enjoyable way at cultural heritage site.
An efficient and reliable Cooperative Multicast routing based on hop tree in Ad hoc Networks
Venue: 2016 3rd International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS)

A mobile ad hoc network is an infrastructure less self configuring network of mobile nodes which move their places randomly, move around or join the network. Over the past few years simulation work has been carried out to achieve a new reliable Routing protocol. This paper mainly concentrates on reducing the factors such as End to End Delay, Network Load and Packet loss in conventional AODV and DSR routing protocols. We propose a Cooperative Multicast Ad hoc on demand distance vector (CMAODV) Routing protocol. The results indicate that AODV loses more packets than CMAODV. In AODV routing protocol, more number of total packet losses is congestion related and sample data reveals that the packet loss distribution over time is bursting, which makes the tradition Poisson framework unsuitable for modeling it. Preliminary results exhibit self similar pattern that leads us to believe that fractal model is promising to describe packet loss in ad hoc networks.
Protective effect of hyperoside against acetaminophen (APAP) induced liver injury through enhancement of APAP clearance.
Venue: Chemico biological interactions

Acetaminphen (APAP) overdose leads to severe hepatotoxicity. Apocynum venetum L. (A. venetum) possess potent hepatoprotective effect. Hyperoside is one of the major compounds exist in Apocynum venetum L. and might be a potential agent to protect against APAP induce liver injury. In this study, we investigated the effect of hyperoside on APAP hepatotoxicity in mice. Mice were treated intragastrically with hyperoside (10, 50 or 100 mg/kg) for 3 days before APAP (300 mg/kg) injection. APAP alone caused severe liver injury characterized by significantly increased serum aminotransferase levels, hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and 3 nitrotyrosine (3 NT) formation, as well as liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione (GSH) depletions. Hyperoside significantly attenuated APAP induced liver damages in a dose dependent manner, and 100 mg/kg was the most effective dose. Further study confirmed that hyperoside was able to increase activities and mRNA expressions of uridine diphoshate glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) and sulfotransferases (SULTs) as well as to inhibit CYP2E1 activities, and thereby suppressed toxic intermediate formation and promoted APAP hepatic detoxification. Nrf 2 activation might be involved in hyperoside induced up regulation of phase II enzymes. Collectively, our data provide evidence that hyperoside protected the liver against APAP induced injury mainly by accelerating APAP harmless metabolism, implying that hyperoside can be considered as a potential natural hepatoprotective agent.
Hyperoside exerts anti inflammatory and anti arthritic effects in LPS stimulated human fibroblast like synoviocytes in vitro and in mice with collagen induced arthritis
Venue: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica

Hyperoside is a flavonol glycoside mainly found in plants of the genera Hypericum and Crataegus, which has shown anti oxidant, anti cancer and anti inflammatory activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of hyperoside on human rheumatoid fibroblast like synoviocytes (FLSs) in vitro and on mouse collagen induced arthritis (CIA) in vivo.FLSs were isolated from primary synovial tissues obtained from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and exposed to LPS (1 mg/mL) Cell viability and proliferation were measured with MTT and BrdU assay. Cell migration was assessed using wound healing assay and Transwell assay. DNA binding of NF kB was measured using a TransAM NFkappaB kit. The localization of p65 subunit was detected with immunocytochemistry. CIA was induced in mice by primary immunization with Bovine Type II collagen (CII) emulsified in CFA, followed by a booster injection 3 weeks later. The arthritic mice were treated with hyperoside (25, 50 mg*kg 1*d 1, ip) for 3 weeks, and the joint tissues were harvested for histological analysis.Hyperoside (10, 50, 100 mmol/L) dose dependently inhibited LPS induced proliferation and migration of human RA FLSs in vitro. Furthermore, hyperoside decreased LPS stimulated production of TNF a, IL 6, IL 1 and MMP 9 in the cells. Moreover, hyperoside inhibited LPS induced phosphorylation of p65 and IkBa, and suppressed LPS induced nuclear translocation of p65 and DNA biding of NF kB in the cells. Three week administration of hyperoside significantly decreased the clinical scores, and alleviated synovial hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration and cartilage damage in mice with CIA.Conclusion:Hyperoside inhibits LPS induced proliferation, migration and inflammatory responses in human RA FLSs in vitro by suppressing activation of the NF kB signaling pathway, which contributes to the therapeutic effects observed in mice with CIA.
Application of ionic liquids in vacuum microwave assisted extraction followed by macroporous resin isolation of three flavonoids rutin, hyperoside and hesperidin from Sorbus tianschanica leaves.
Venue: Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences

Rutin, hyperoside and hesperidin were effectively extracted from Sorbus tianschanica leaves by an ionic liquid vacuum microwave assisted method. A series of ionic liquids with various anions and alkyl chain length of the cations were studied and the extraction was performed in [C6mim][BF4] aqueous solution. After optimization by a factorial design and response surface methodology, total extraction yield of 2.37mg/g with an error of 0.12mg/g (0.71+ 0.04mg/g, 1.18+ 0.06mg/g and 0.48+ 0.02 for rutin, hyperoside and hesperidin, respectively) was achieved under 0.08MPa for vacuum, 19min and 420W for microwave irradiation time and power, and 15mL/g for liquid solid ratio. The proposed method here is more efficient and needs a shorter extraction time for rutin, hyperoside and hesperidin from S. tianschanica leaves than reference extraction techniques. In stability studies performed with standard rutin, hyperoside and hesperidin, the target analytes were stable under the optimum conditions. The proposed method had a high reproducibility and precision. In addition, separation of rutin, hyperoside and hesperidin from [C6mim][BF4] extraction solution was completed effectively by AB 8 macroporous resin adsorption and desorption process. Ionic liquid vacuum microwave assisted extraction is a simple, rapid and efficient sample extraction technique.
Hyperoside induces both autophagy and apoptosis in non small cell lung cancer cells in vitro
Venue: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica

Hyperoside (quercetin 3 O b D galactopyranoside) is a flavonol glycoside found in plants of the genera Hypericum and Crataegus, which exhibits anticancer, anti oxidant, and anti inflammatory activities. In this study we investigated whether autophagy was involved in the anticancer mechanisms of hyperoside in human non small cell lung cancer cells in vitro.Human non small cell lung cancer cell line A549 was tested, and human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS 2B was used for comparison. The expression of LC3 II, apoptotic and signaling proteins was measured using Western blotting. Autophagosomes were observed with MDC staining, LC3 immunocytochemistry, and GFP LC3 fusion protein techniques. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay.Hyperoside (0.5, 1, 2 mmol/L) dose dependently increased the expression of LC3 II and autophagosome numbers in A549 cells, but had no such effects in BEAS 2B cells. Moreover, hyperoside dose dependently inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR, p70S6K and 4E BP1, but increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in A549 cells. Insulin (200 nmol/L) markedly enhanced the phosphorylation of Akt and decreased LC3 II expression in A549 cells, which were reversed by pretreatment with hyperoside, whereas the MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 (20 mmol/L) did not blocked hyperoside induced LC3 II expression. Finally, hyperoside dose dependently suppressed the cell viability and induced apoptosis in A549 cells, which were significantly attenuated by pretreatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3 methyladenine (2.5 mmol/L).Conclusion:Hyperoside induces both autophagy and apoptosis in human non small cell lung cancer cells in vitro. The autophagy is induced through inhibiting the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signal pathways, which contributes to anticancer actions of hyperoside.
Hyperoside and rutin of Nelumbo nucifera induce mitochondrial apoptosis through a caspase dependent mechanism in HT 29 human colon cancer cells.
Venue: Oncology letters

The present study demonstrates the mechanism of 2 flavonol glycosides, hyperoside and rutin, in the induction of apoptosis in HT 29 human colon cancer cells through the bioactivity guided fractionation and isolation method. The chemical structure of hyperoside and rutin, isolated from the roots of Nelumbo nucifera, were established using extensive 1 and 2 dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance experiments and absolute high resolution fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, ultraviolet visible and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectral analytical methods. The treatment of HT 29 colon cancer cells with hyperoside and rutin significantly decreased cell viability in a dose dependent manner. The concomitant activation of the mitochondria dependent apoptotic pathway of hyperoside and rutin occurred via modulation of Bcl 2 associated X protein and B cell lymphoma 2 expression, resulting in the activation of cleaved caspases 3, 8 and 9 and cleaved poly (ADP ribose) polymerase. The findings of the present study indicate that hyperoside and rutin induce apoptosis in HT 29 human colon cancer cells, and that this phenomenon is mediated via the death receptor mediated and mitochondria mediated apoptotic pathways. These results suggest that hyperoside and rutin may be useful in the development of a colon cancer therapy protocol.
Inhibitory effects of hyperoside on lung cancer by inducing apoptosis and suppressing inflammatory response via caspase 3 and NF kB signaling pathway.
Venue: Biomedicine pharmacotherapy Biomedecine pharmacotherapie

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the world and the most threatening cancer to human health. Effective therapies based on non cytotoxic induction in cell inflammation and apoptosis responsive pathways are thought to represent a novel advance in treating lung cancer. However, many studies are still required for effective pharmaceutical to induce cancer cell death. Hyperoside (Hyp) is the chief component of some Chinese herbs with anticancer effect. Here, we investigated the role of hyperoside on the lung cancer cell migration, invasion, inflammation and apoptosis in A549 cells in vitro and xenografts of nude mice in vivo. A549 cells were injected in nude mice for establishing tumors. Our results showed that hyperoside suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion. Additionally, apoptosis was induced by hyperoside via Bcl 2/Bax regulated Caspase3 activation, suggesting that hyperoside might inhibit lung cancer progression through apoptotic induction. And also, hyperoside could prevent progression and development of lung cancer through inactivating NF kB signaling pathway. Subsequently, inflammatory cytokines, including TNF a, IL 6, IL 1b and IL 18, were down regulated significantly. And animal experiments also illustrated that the tumor volume and weight were reduced after hyperoside administration, which was also through apoptosis induction and prevention of inflammation response by Caspase3 activation and NF kB inactivation. To our knowledge, it was the first time to evaluate the effects of hyperoside on preventing progression and development of lung cancer in vivo and in vitro to assess the possible therapies of hyperoside as a future approach for preventing lung cancer progression and development.
Dietary Flavonoid Hyperoside Induces Apoptosis of Activated Human LX 2 Hepatic Stellate Cell by Suppressing Canonical NF kB Signaling
Venue: BioMed research international

Hyperoside, an active compound found in plants of the genera Hypericum and Crataegus, is reported to exhibit antioxidant, anticancer, and anti inflammatory activities. Induction of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) apoptosis is recognized as a promising strategy for attenuation of hepatic fibrosis. In this study, we investigated whether hyperoside treatment can exert antifibrotic effects in human LX 2 hepatic stellate cells. We found that hyperoside induced apoptosis in LX 2 cells and decreased levels of a smooth muscle actin (a SMA) type I collagen, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) Remarkably, hyperoside also inhibited the DNA binding activity of the transcription factor NF kB and altered expression levels of NF kB regulated genes related to apoptosis, including proapoptotic genes Bcl Xs, DR4, Fas, and FasL and anti apoptotic genes A20, c IAP1, Bcl X L, and RIP1. Our results suggest that hyperoside may have potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Extraction and Purification of Quercitrin, Hyperoside, Rutin, and Afzelin from Zanthoxylum Bungeanum Maxim Leaves Using an Aqueous Two Phase System.
Venue: Journal of food science

In this study, an aqueous two phase system (ATPS) based on ethanol/NaH2 PO4 was developed for the extraction and purification of quercitrin, hyperoside, rutin, and afzelin from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim leaves. These 4 flavonoids were 1st extracted from dried Z. bungeanum leaves using a 60% ethanol solution and subsequently added to the ATPS for further purification. The partition behavior of the 4 flavonoids in ATPS was investigated. The optimal ATPS conditions were: 29% (w/w) NaH2 PO4 25% (w/w) ethanol concentration, 1% (w/w) added amount of leaf extracts, no pH adjustment, and repeated 1 h extractions at 25 degC. Under the optimal conditions for the 10 g ATPS, the absolute recovery of quercitrin, hyperoside, rutin, and afzelin reached 90.3% 83.5% 92.3% and 89.1% respectively. Compared to the 60% ethanol extracts, the content of quercitrin (44.8 mg/g) hyperoside (65.6 mg/g) rutin (56.4 mg/g) and afzelin (6.84 mg/g) in the extracts increased by 49.9% 38.8% 45.6% and 36.8% respectively. The extracts after ATPS also exhibited stronger antioxidant activities, the 2,2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl IC50 value (10.5 mg/mL) decreased by 41.8% and the 2,2 azinobis(3 ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulfonic acid) diammonium salt value (966 mmol Trolox/g) and ferric reducing power value (619 mmol Trolox/g) increased by 29.8% and 53.7% respectively. Furthermore, scale up experiments indicated that a larger scale experiment was feasible for the purification of the 4 flavonoids.
The preventive effects of hyperoside on lung cancer in vitro by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation through Caspase 3 and P53 signaling pathway.
Venue: Biomedicine pharmacotherapy Biomedecine pharmacotherapie

Though advanced surgical operation and chemotherapy have been under taken, lung cancer remains one of the most aggressive and fatal human malignancies with a low survival rate. Thus, novel therapeutic strategies for prevention and remedy are urgently needed in lung cancer. Hyperoside, known as quercetin 3 O b d galactopyranoside, is a natural flavonol glycoside discovered in plants of genera Hypericum, displaying anti oxidant, anticancer, and anti inflammatory properties. In the study, we attempted to investigate whether hyperoside could inhibit lung cancer progression via Caspase 3 and P53 regulated cell death. In in vitro and in vivo experiments, we explored hyperoside at three different dosages on cell apoptosis, cell proliferation, cell migration, cell invasion, cell cycle distribution, the related signalling pathways, as well as xenograft tumor growth. Our data suggested that hyperoside exerted inhibitory role in lung cancer development. Inhibition of NF kB transcriptional activity, Caspase 9/Caspase 3 activation, the cell cycle arrest, and suppression of cell proliferation related signaling pathway led to the lung cancer inhibition. Further, via mice xenograft model in vivo, we indicated that hyperoside completely impeded tumor growth through angiogenesis inhibition. Our study illustrated that hyperoside might provide a synergistic anticancer effects that warrant further study and investigation due to its potential role in clinical applications.
Manipulating the Biosynthesis of Bioactive Compound Alkaloids for Next Generation Metabolic Engineering in Opium Poppy Using CRISPR Cas 9 Genome Editing Technology
Venue: Scientific reports

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated9 (Cas9) endonuclease system is a powerful RNA guided genome editing tool. CRISPR/Cas9 has been well studied in model plant species for targeted genome editing. However, few studies have been reported on plant species without whole genome sequence information. Currently, no study has been performed to manipulate metabolic pathways using CRISPR/Cas9. In this study, the type II CRISPR/SpCas9 system was used to knock out, via nonhomologous end joining genome repair, the 4'OMT2 in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L. a gene which regulates the biosythesis of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) For sgRNA transcription, viral based TRV and synthetic binary plasmids were designed and delivered into plant cells with a Cas9 encoding synthetic vector by Agrobacterium mediated transformation. InDels formed by CRISPR/Cas9 were detected by sequence analysis. Our results showed that the biosynthesis of BIAs (e.g. morphine, thebaine) was significantly reduced in the transgenic plants suggesting that 4'OMT2 was efficiently knocked out by our CRISPR Cas9 genome editing approach. In addition, a novel uncharacterized alkaloid was observed only in CRISPR/Cas9 edited plants. Thus, the applicabilitiy of the CRISPR/Cas9 system was demonstrated for the first time for medicinal aromatic plants by sgRNAs transcribed from both synthetic and viral vectors to regulate BIA metabolism and biosynthesis.