nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Risk based crowd massing early warning approach for public places: A case study in China

Beijing municipal government plans to establish a comprehensive real time monitoring and risk identification technological system basically covering the targeted districts with crowded pedestrian traffic. The system aims to send out alarm in crowded places through analyzing quantitative data from intelligent real time monitoring devices installed in key locations. An early warning signal is derived from the judgment of current status of the crowd, and this research aims to explain the mechanism of how to judge crowd status. Classically risk is defined as multiplication of impact and probability of occurrence of an event. Here, a 2 D risk matrix is established to judge the crowd status by probability (duration of the pedestrian status) plus consequence (strength of the pedestrian status) After installed intelligent monitoring devices in key locations, the online observations of crowd movement within the targeted district can produce the early warning alarm ahead of time. Such alarm is expected to provide the local administrator 10 min to prevent potential undesired chaos by taking proper controlling actions. This paper is a case study in a specific area in China. This system can be used in many areas such as sporting events and religious gatherings.
Emergency crowd evacuation modeling and simulation framework with cellular discrete event systems
Venue: Simul.

First responders and security personnel face many challenges to safely evacuate crowded environments. Conducting frequent physical and table top exercises are neither feasible nor economical. This is where modeling and simulation comes into play in providing a risk free and economical method to practice various evacuation strategies, train first responders, and provide accurate decision support and emergency guidance. With the aid of formal methods, here we present a suite of various egress strategies build on top of an open source modeling and simulation environment. We use Cellular Discrete Event System Specification (Cell DEVS) formalism to explore emergency evacuation scenarios by building 12 egress models representing aspects of human behaviors under emergencies and the activities of authorities in guiding the crowd. The proposed framework explores random and controlled human movement, as well as implementing psychological conditions such as herd following and panicked states. We provide results analysis to compare evacuation speed under various egress methods, allowing for decision making when using the suite for training purposes. The outcome of this work is available on a public repository to serve the DEVS community, researchers, and public safety authorities interested in emergency evacuation simulations.
Multi word verbs na escrita academica de aprendizes do ingles: um estudo baseado em corpus de estudantes brasileiros

Motivada pela importancia dos verbos compostos por mais de uma palavra na comunicacao em ingles e pelos problemas que envolvem o ensino dessas formacoes lexicais, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal investigar o uso dos multi word verbs em textos academicos escritos por aprendizes brasileiros da lingua inglesa. A proposta e identificar quais sao os verbos frasais, preposicionados e frasais preposicionados mais comuns nos textos de aprendizes, bem como observar as diferencas e semelhancas no emprego dessas unidades em genero textual argumentativo por parte de brasileiros e falantes nativos. Para tanto, a pesquisa encontrou suporte teorico na Linguistica de Corpus que "se ocupa da coleta e exploracao de corpora ou conjunto de dados linguisticos textuais, em formato legivel por computador, que foram coletados criteriosamente com o proposito de servirem para a pesquisa de uma lingua ou variedade linguistica" (SARDINHA, 2004, p.3) A investigacao foi realizada com base em dois corpora um de estudo, composto de textos escritos por aprendizes brasileiros do ingles (Br ICLE) e um de referencia, que contem textos de nativos da lingua inglesa (LOCNESS) Os resultados sugerem que, na comparacao com os nativos, os aprendizes brasileiros empregam quantidades bem significativas de multi word verbs em seus textos. Entretanto, nota se que existem erros na forma de uso, especialmente no que concerne as producoes textuais dos nao nativos.
Appreciative Inquiry as an intervention to change nursing practice in in patient settings: An integrative review.
Venue: International journal of nursing studies

High profile accounts of failures in patient care reflect an urgent need for transformational development in healthcare. Appreciative Inquiry is promoted as an approach to exploring and bringing about change in social systems. Appreciative Inquiry has been used extensively in North American business since the late 1980s. The application of Appreciative Inquiry may have merit in the complex world of human health experiences.  To identify, evaluate and synthesise the evidence about the impact of Appreciative Inquiry on changing clinical nursing practice in in patient settings.  An integrative review and narrative synthesis.  In patient settings including paediatrics, maternity and mental health.  Nurses of all grades, patients, carers, relatives, other healthcare professionals including allied healthcare staff, management and students.  An electronic search of the following electronic databases was performed in January 2015 and updated in July 2015: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library (Cochrane database of systematic reviews) Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsychINFO, PsychARTICLES, Amed, Assia, Scopus and Web of Science. Hand searching of reference lists of included studies was undertaken. Limits were set to include literature published in English only and publications from 1990 to July 2015.  Three reviewers independently assessed eligibility for inclusion and extracted data. Full text articles were systematically appraised using a standardised data extraction instrument in conjunction with criteria to assess whether change using Appreciative Inquiry is transformational.  Eight studies (reported in 11 papers) met the inclusion criteria. Overall, these studies demonstrate poor application of Appreciative Inquiry criteria in a nursing context. This makes judgement of the impact difficult. One study achieved transformation against agreed criteria for Appreciative Inquiry. Other included studies demonstrated that Appreciative Inquiry is being perceived as a gateway to knowledge translation rather than transformative change in practice.  Appreciative Inquiry offers potential for nurse practice development and change but not without cognisance of the pivotal components. If Appreciative Inquiry is to be perceived as a legitimate research endeavour, there must be engagement and attention to rigour. Findings suggest caution is required against the choreography of Appreciative Inquiry where participant experiences are moulded to fit a previously drafted master plan. Further research is needed to explore the role of expert facilitation in securing and sustaining successful outcomes of Appreciative Inquiry.
Facilitating change from a distance a story of success? A discussion on leaders' styles in facilitating change in four nursing homes in Norway.
Venue: Journal of nursing management

To examine the influence of leadership when facilitating change in nursing homes.  The study is a part of an education intervention for care staff to prevent the use of restraint in nursing home residents with dementia in 24 nursing homes (NHs) in Norway. Leadership is known to be a fundamental factor for success of evidence based practice (EBP) implementation in health services. However, the type of leadership that strengthens the processes of change remains to be clarified.  A multi site comparative ethnography was performed in four nursing homes to investigate how contextual factors influenced the implementation. The analysis was informed by the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework, and in particular the sub element of leadership.  Different leadership styles to facilitate change were identified. Paradoxically, a strong collective and collaborative leadership style was found to hamper change in one particular home, whereas a remote leadership style combined with almost no cooperation with staff proved successful in another setting.  The study indicates that leadership cannot be understood on a low high continuum as suggested by the PARIHS framework, but rather as a factor characterised by diversity.  Our study indicates, as a minimum, that a leader's presence is necessary to facilitate the internal processes in order more successfully to implement EBP.
Social Change: A Framework for Inclusive Leadership Development in Nursing Education.
Venue: The Journal of nursing education

The social change model (SCM) promotes equity, social justice, self knowledge, service, and collaboration. It is a relevant framework for extracurricular leadership development programs that target students who may not self identify as leaders.  Application of the SCM in a leadership development program for prelicensure nursing students from underresourced or underrepresented backgrounds is described. Students' opinions about leadership for social change were explored through a focus group and a pilot test of an instrument designed to assess the values of the SCM.  Students lack the experience required to feel comfortable with change, but they come into nursing with a sense of commitment that can be nurtured toward leadership for social change and health equity through best practices derived from the SCM. These include sociocultural conversations, mentoring relationships, community service, and membership in off campus organizations.  Nurse educators can cultivate inclusive leadership for social change using the SCM as a guide.
Improving Student Athlete Academic Success: Evaluation of Learning Support Tools Utilized by Academic Advisors for Athletics

In higher education today academic support staffs are presented with a toolbox from which they must determine how to best support the academic goals of the student athlete (Comeaux, E. Harrison, C. K. (2011) A conceptual model of academic success for student athletes. Educational Researcher, 40, 235 245) There are multiple ways to approach the individual academic challenges presented by student athletes, however what is not known is what the best approach to remedy the academic shortcomings of the at risk student athlete. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of learning support tools used by academic advisors for athletics by measuring the impact on semester and cumulative GPA when study tables, weekly academic advisement meetings and objective based learning were implemented. The secondary purpose of the study was to devise a model to assist Division I athletic departments that have at risk student athletes on teams that are predicted to score below a multi year 930 APR, so that they may score at or above 930 in future years.
A nonparametric welfare analysis on water quality improvement of the floating people on Inlay Lake via a randomized conjoint field experiment

The present work was in part conducted for methodological advancements in social science of and supported by the Hiroshima University TAOYAKA Program for creating a flexible, enduring, peaceful society, funded by the Program 19 for Leading Graduate Schools, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. In addition, the field experiment was in part financially supported by Japanese Grant Aid for Human Resource Development Scholarship (JDS) Project.
NavCog: a navigational cognitive assistant for the blind
Venue: MobileHCI

Turn by turn navigation is a useful paradigm for assisting people with visual impairments during mobility as it reduces the cognitive load of having to simultaneously sense, localize and plan. To realize such a system, it is necessary to be able to automatically localize the user with sufficient accuracy, provide timely and efficient instructions and have the ability to easily deploy the system to new spaces. We propose a smartphone based system that provides turn by turn navigation assistance based on accurate real time localization over large spaces. In addition to basic navigation capabilities, our system also informs the user about nearby points of interest (POI) and accessibility issues (e.g. stairs ahead) After deploying the system on a university campus across several indoor and outdoor areas, we evaluated it with six blind subjects and showed that our system is capable of guiding visually impaired users in complex and unfamiliar environments.
Efecto del modelo de ensenanza sobre el autoconcepto fisico del alumnado en educacion fisica

espanolEsta investigacion, realizada en el curso 2013 2014, analiza la percepcion del alumnado de secundaria sobre los factores implicitos en el autoconcepto fisico tras haber recibido una Unidad Didactica (UD) de condicion fisica bajo la metodologia del estilo actitudinal. Los datos son analizados (pretest postest) en funcion del genero con un grupo 231 estudiantes, 102 chicos y 129 chicas. El metodo es mixto, utilizando un analisis de descriptivo e inferencial, y una entrevista a la profesora al finalizar la experiencia. En el pretest los chicos obtuvieron valores mas elevados en los factores de competencia percibida y fuerza fisica. En el postest no existio significatividad en la diferencia entre grupos, aumentando mucho la competencia percibida de las chicas. Los chicos que realizan mas actividad fisica extraescolar presentan mayor aprendizaje hacia la UD recibida, y en las chicas las diferencias se encuentran en funcion del expediente academico. La profesora destaca la importancia de la metodologia utilizada para generar percepcion de logro en los estudiantes. Se concluye que el enfoque metodologico utilizado en el aula tiene una incidencia directa en el autoconcepto del alumno. EnglishThis research, conducted in 2013 2014 course, analyzes the perceptions of secondary students on the implicit factors in the physical self, after receiving a teaching unit (TU) fitness under the attitudinal style methodology. The data are analyzed (pretest posttest) by gender with a group 231 students, 102 boys and 129 girls. The method is mixed, using a descriptive and inferential analysis and an interview with the teacher at the end of the experience. In the pretest the boys scored higher values in the factors of perceived competence and physical strength. In the posttest there was no significance in the difference between groups, greatly increasing the perceived competence of the girls. The guys who make more extracurricular physical activity have higher learning to the TU received, and the girls are differences depending on the school results. The teacher emphasizes the importance of the methodology used to generate perception of achievement in students. It is concluded that the methodological approach used in the classroom has a direct impact on student self concept.
Quantum Field Theory And Critical Phenomena

Over the last twenty years quantum field theory has become not only the framework for the discussion of all fundamental interactions except gravity, but also for the understanding of second order phase transitions in statistical mechanics. This advanced text is based on graduate courses and summer schools given by the author over a number of years. It approaches the subject in terms of path and functional intergrals, adopting a Euclidean metric and using the language of partition and correlation functions. Renormalization and the renormalization group are examined, as are critical phenomena and the role of instantons. Changes for this edition 1. Extensive revision to eliminate a few bugs that had survived the second edition and (mainly) to improve the pedagogical presentation, as a result of experience gathered by lecturing. 2. Additional new topics; holomorphic or coherent state path integral; functional integral and representation of the field theory S matrix in the holomorphic formalis; non relativistic limit of massive quantization and brief discussion of non renormalization of quantum gravity based on Info rmat io n Discussio n (0 Files Ho ldings Search Submit Help CERN Document Server
Enhanced Spoken Sentence Retrieval Using a Conventional Automatic Speech Recognizer in Smart Home
Venue: Int. J. Artif. Intell. Tools

With the rapid evolution of smart home environment, the demand for spoken information retrieval (e.g. voice activated FAQ retrieval) on information appliances is increasing. In spoken information retrieval, users' spoken queries are converted into text queries using automatic speech recognition (ASR) engines. If top 1 results of the ASR engines are incorrect, the errors are propagated to information retrieval systems. If a document collection is a small set of sentences such as frequently asked questions (FAQs) the errors have additional effect on the performance of information retrieval systems. To improve the performance of such a sentence retrieval system, we propose a post processing model of an ASR engine. The post processing model consists of a re ranking and a query term generation model. The re ranking model rearranges top n outputs of the ASR engines using the ranking support vector machine (Ranking SVM) The query term generation model extracts meaningful content words from the re ranked queries based on term frequencies and query rankings. In the experiments, the re ranking model improved the top 1 performance results of an underlying ASR engine with 4.4% higher precision and 6.4% higher recall rate. The query term generation model improved the performance results of an underlying information retrieval system with an accuracy 2.4% to 2.6% higher. Based on the experimental result, the proposed model revealed that it could improve the performance of a spoken sentence retrieval system in a restricted domain.
Feedback Control of Quad Rotors with a Matlab Based Simulator

Precise regulation of position and attitude (roll, pitch and yaw) is one of the most critical tasks to be considered in designing controllers for quadrotor types of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) The MATLAB based simulator for quadrotors using PD feedback control to achieve stabilization was developed. MATLAB/Simulink models are used to design and validate the control algorithms and the simulation results are presented. The quadrotor non linear dynamics and kinematics were implemented using MATLAB S function to generate a continuous state output. The simulation results are presented graphically and quantitatively. The developed MATLAB GUI interface is robust and interactive to implement the different control algorithms under various operating conditions.
Hyperbolic graphs for free products, and the Gromov boundary of the graph of cyclic splittings

We define analogues of the graphs of free splittings and of (maximally )cyclic splittings of $F_N$ for free products of groups, and show their hyperbolicity. Given a countable group $G$ which splits as $G=G_1\ast\dots\ast G_k\ast F$ where $F$ denotes a finitely generated free group, we identify the Gromov boundary of the graph of (G,[G_1]\dots,[G_k] (maximally )cyclic splittings with the space of equivalence classes of \mathcal{Z}(max) averse trees in the boundary of the corresponding outer space. A tree is \emph{\mathcal{Z}(max) averse} if it is not compatible with any tree $T' that is itself compatible with a (G,\mathcal{F} (maximally )cyclic splitting. Two \mathcal{Z}(max) averse trees are \emph{equivalent} if they are both compatible with a common tree in the boundary of the corresponding outer space.
Highly Safe Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Sodium Ion Battery: Wide Electrochemical Window and Good Thermal Stability.
Venue: ACS applied materials interfaces

Novel ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes are prepared by mixing 1 ethyl 3 methylimidazolium bis tetrafluoroborate (EMIBF4) with different concentrations of sodium salt (NaBF4) The as prepared IL electrolytes display wide electrochemical windows of ~4 V (1 5 V) which are consistent with the quantum chemical theoretical calculation. The IL electrolyte with 0.1 M NaBF4 shows excellent ionic conductivity, namely, 9.833 x 10( 3) S cm( 1) at 20 degC. In addition, nonflammability and good thermal stability are exhibited by combustion test and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) which indicate the high safety of the IL electrolyte.
Locally Embedding Autoencoders: A Semi Supervised Manifold Learning Approach of Document Representation
Venue: PloS one

Topic models and neural networks can discover meaningful low dimensional latent representations of text corpora; as such, they have become a key technology of document representation. However, such models presume all documents are non discriminatory, resulting in latent representation dependent upon all other documents and an inability to provide discriminative document representation. To address this problem, we propose a semi supervised manifold inspired autoencoder to extract meaningful latent representations of documents, taking the local perspective that the latent representation of nearby documents should be correlative. We first determine the discriminative neighbors set with Euclidean distance in observation spaces. Then, the autoencoder is trained by joint minimization of the Bernoulli cross entropy error between input and output and the sum of the square error between neighbors of input and output. The results of two widely used corpora show that our method yields at least a 15% improvement in document clustering and a nearly 7% improvement in classification tasks compared to comparative methods. The evidence demonstrates that our method can readily capture more discriminative latent representation of new documents. Moreover, some meaningful combinations of words can be efficiently discovered by activating features that promote the comprehensibility of latent representation.
Field Tests on Total Gap of Modular Expansion Joints to Avoid Bridge Pounding
Venue: Front. Built Environ.

Modular expansion joints (MEJs) are used for accommodating large relative displacements of adjacent bridge segments and for completely eliminating pounding. However, the minimum total gap that an MEJ needs to avoid pounding is not well investigated. To provide guidance for the seismic gap of MEJs, the maximum relative displacement of adjacent bridge segments subject to strong earthquakes was studied experimentally. To date, no experimental investigation of excitation spatial variation effect on bridge on natural soil has been reported. This research addressed a bridge with three identical segments of 100 m. A 1:22 scale bridge model founded on compacted beach sand was tested using electro magnetic inertial exciters. Different ground motions were applied to the model to simulate the effect of spatially varying ground motions. Soil structure interaction (SSI) was studied by comparing the minimum total gaps with those obtained from the fixed based experiments in the laboratory. The spatially varying ground motions were simulated based on the New Zealand design spectra for soft soil, shallow soil and strong rock conditions using an empirical coherency loss function. SSI was found to reduce the minimum total gap of an MEJ needed to avoid pounding between adjacent segments. Under spatially varying ground motions designing adjacent bridge segments with identical or similar fundamental frequencies is still recommended even if it does not necessarily preclude an out of phase movement of adjacent structures.