nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Euglycemia Restoration by Central Leptin in Type 1 Diabetes Requires STAT3 Signaling but Not Fast Acting Neurotransmitter Release
Venue: Diabetes

Central leptin action is sufficient to restore euglycemia in insulinopenic type 1 diabetes (T1D) however, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. To examine the role of intracellular signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways, we used LepRs/s mice with disrupted leptin phosphorylated STAT3 signaling to test the effect of central leptin on euglycemia restoration. These mice developed streptozocin induced T1D, which was surprisingly not associated with hyperglucagonemia, a typical manifestation in T1D. Further, leptin action on euglycemia restoration was abrogated in these mice, which was associated with refractory hypercorticosteronemia. To examine the role of fast acting neurotransmitters glutamate and g aminobutyric acid (GABA) two major neurotransmitters in the brain, from leptin receptor (LepR) neurons, we used mice with disrupted release of glutamate, GABA, or both from LepR neurons. Surprisingly, all mice responded normally to leptin mediated euglycemia restoration, which was associated with expected correction from hyperglucagonemia and hyperphagia. In contrast, mice with loss of glutamate and GABA appeared to develop an additive obesity effect over those with loss of single neurotransmitter release. Thus, our study reveals that STAT3 signaling, but not fast acting neurotransmitter release, is required for leptin action on euglycemia restoration and that hyperglucagonemia is not required for T1D.
MafA Controlled Nicotinic Receptor Expression Is Essential for Insulin Secretion and Is Impaired in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Venue: Cell reports

Monoamine and acetylcholine neurotransmitters from the autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulate insulin secretion in pancreatic islets. The molecular mechanisms controlling neurotransmitter signaling in islet b cells and their impact on diabetes development are only partially understood. Using a glucose intolerant, MafA deficient mouse model, we demonstrate that MAFA controls ANS mediated insulin secretion by activating the transcription of nicotinic (ChrnB2 and ChrnB4) and adrenergic (Adra2A) receptor genes, which are integral parts of acetylcholine and monoamine signaling pathways. We show that acetylcholine mediated insulin secretion requires nicotinic signaling and that nicotinic receptor expression is positively correlated with insulin secretion and glycemic control in human donor islets. Moreover, polymorphisms spanning MAFA binding regions within the human CHRNB4 gene are associated with type 2 diabetes. Our data show that MAFA transcriptional activity is required for establishing b cell sensitivity to neurotransmitter signaling and identify nicotinic signaling as a modulator of insulin secretion impaired in type 2 diabetes.
Neural effects of gut and brain derived glucagon like peptide 1 and its receptor agonist
Venue: Journal of diabetes investigation

Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP 1) is derived from both the enteroendocrine L cells and preproglucagon expressing neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) of the brain stem. As GLP 1 is cleaved by dipeptidyl peptidase 4 yielding a half life of less than 2 min, it is plausible that the gut derived GLP 1, released postprandially, exerts its effects on the brain mainly by interacting with vagal afferent neurons located at the intestinal or hepatic portal area. GLP 1 neurons in the NTS widely project in the central nervous system and act as a neurotransmitter. One of the physiological roles of brain derived GLP 1 is restriction of feeding. GLP 1 receptor agonists have recently been used to treat type 2 diabetic patients, and have been shown to exhibit pleiotropic effects beyond incretin action, which involve brain functions. GLP 1 receptor agonist administered in the periphery is stable because of its resistance to dipeptidyl peptidase 4, and is highly likely to act on the brain by passing through the blood brain barrier (BBB) as well as interacting with vagal afferent nerves. Central actions of GLP 1 have various roles including regulation of feeding, weight, glucose and lipid metabolism, cardiovascular functions, cognitive functions, and stress and emotional responses. In the present review, we focus on the source of GLP 1 and the pathway by which peripheral GLP 1 informs the brain, and then discuss recent findings on the central effects of GLP 1 and GLP 1 receptor agonists.
Implementasi Marketing Mix pada Pemasaran Abon Ikan di Kelurahan Humusu C, Kecamatan Insana Utara, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran umum pemasaran abon ikan dan implementasi marketing mix pada pemasaran abon ikan. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu metode secara sensus dan sampel sebanyak 5 orang, metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survey, sedangkan metode analisis data yang digunakan metode ananlisis data deskripsi kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa gambaran pemasaran abon ikan dispesifikan kedalam mananjemen pemasaran abon ikan yang dimulai dari perencanaan dengan mengamati suutuasi didasari permintaan dari konsumen, pelaksanaan yang dilakukan oleh anggota kelompok yang langsung menuju pada lokasi konsumen, pengendalian dlakukan untuk mengetahui bila terjadi penyimpangan dan penyebabnya, serta evaluasi mengenai pelaksanaan pemasaran abon ikan, sedangkan implementasi marketing mix, produk diimplementasi berdasarkan pelatihan dan instruksi dari Standar Industri Indonesia, harga diimplementasi dengan menerapkan metode penetapan harga berdasarkan pendekatan biaya dan harga yang ditetapkan Rp. 20.000, dan $2,5 Centavos, sedangkan tempat diimplementasi pada 2 lokasi yaitu Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara dan perbatasan RI RDTL, promosi diimplementasikan berdasarkan pada frekuensi produksi yang dilakukan. (c)2016 dipublikasikan oleh Agrimor.
Politik Pazarlama Karmasina Kavramsal Ve Guncel Bir Bakis (An Updated and Conceptual Aspect to the Political Marketing Mix)

The decision making process of voters within the context of the political marketing has been undergoing a transformation and development process as parallel to the gradual changes on the core of marketing. In such a circumstance, the political marketing has also been forced to update itself in order to canalize voters to the desired direction. Recently, there are ongoing political, cultural, economic, technological and social changes on the national, regional and also on the global level that have a global influence. Thus, one should face the reality that there are numerous factors acting upon the voter's decision in an environment where there is vast amount of information which is easily accessible, and the masses can influence one another. In this respect, this study focuses on the complicated nature of political marketing mix elements with regard to the concept of change. Thus, it aims to highlight the up to date position of mix elements K. G. Yilmaz 8/1 (2016) 413 431 Isletme Arastirmalari Dergisi Journal of Business Research Turk 414 on a conceptual basis. Therefore, this study presents the differences and authenticity of the mix elements, which stand as a research topic by itself, in a conceptual framework.
Transient Performance Guaranteed Robust Adaptive Control and Its Application to Precision Motion Control Systems
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics

This paper investigates the adaptive tracking control problem for a class of nonlinear systems with uncertain parameters, disturbance, and unmodeled dynamics. A novel model reference adaptive control (MRAC) with external filter is proposed to not only stabilize the error system but also guarantee its transient performance. The proposed control strategy can mathematically ensure designable L norm bounds of the difference between the original model's and the reference model's state and their control inputs as well. On the other hand, the reference model, which is deemed as a linear time invariant (LTI) system, can be designed to run in a desired performance level by selecting a suitable filter in the control structure. Another improvement emphasizes that the proposed approach can attain the above performance without using a high static adaptation gain, which avoids the possible negative effects in the context of robustness. Finally, simulation on a high accuracy motion system model driven by a direct current (dc) motor is given to verify the proposed approach, and the effectiveness is shown based on the simulation curves and analysis.
Neural approximation based robust adaptive control of flexible air breathing hypersonic vehicles with parametric uncertainties and control input constraints
Venue: Inf. Sci.

In this paper, a neural approximation based robust adaptive control methodology is proposed for a constrained flexible air breathing hypersonic vehicle (FAHV) subject to parametric uncertainties. To reduce the computational costs, only two radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs) are applied to approximate the lumped unknown nonlinearities of the velocity subsystem and the altitude subsystem, while guaranteeing the exploited controller with satisfactory robustness against system uncertainties. Furthermore, a minimal learning parameter (MLP) approach is employed to update the norm rather than the elements of RBFNNs' weight vectors, which yields a low computational load design. By constructing a novel auxiliary system to compensate the desired control laws, the effects of magnitude constraints on actuators are tackled. The Lyapunov synthesis proves that the closed loop uniformly ultimately bounded stability can be achieved even when the physical limitations on actuators are in effect. Finally, simulation results are presented to verify the efficacy of the addressed control strategy in the presence of uncertain parameters, external disturbances and control input constraints.
Association of peripheral BDNF level with cognition, attention and behavior in preschool children
Venue: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health

BackgroundBrain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been reported to affect development, cognition, attention and behavior. However, few studies have investigated preschool children with regard to these areas. We evaluated the relationship between cognition, attention and peripheral blood concentration of BDNF in preschool children.MethodsTwenty eight children (mean age: 6.16 0.60 years) were recruited. For all subjects, serum and plasma BDNF levels were assessed; intelligence was assessed using the Korean standardisation of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (KEDI WISC) attention was assessed using the computerised continuous performance test (CCPT) the children's color trails test (CCTT) the Stroop color word test for preschool children, and the attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder rating scale (K ARS) and finally emotional and behavioral problems were assessed using the child behavior checklist (K CBCL) We confirmed the previously reported correlations between the various psychometric properties assessed and serum and plasma levels of BDNF in our sample.ResultsSerum BDNF levels were negatively correlated with both KEDI WISC full scale IQ (FSIQ, r 0.39, p 0.04) and verbal IQ (VIQ, r 0.05, p 0.01) but not with the performance IQ (PIQ, r 0.12, p 0.56) There were no significant relationships between plasma BDNF level and VIQ, PIQ or FSIQ. No correlations were found between either serum or plasma level of BDNF and any of the attentional measures (CCPT, ARS, CCTT or Stroop color word test) The CBCL total behavioral problem and attention problem sections were positively correlated with plasma BDNF level (r 0.41, p 0.03) (r 0.44, p 0.02) however, no relationship was found between the serum BDNF and any of the composite CBCL measures.ConclusionsOur results suggest that high peripheral BDNF may be negatively correlated with intelligence, behavioral problems and clinical symptoms of neuro developmental disorders such as intellectual disability in preschool children. A high peripheral BDNF concentration may, if these findings are further replicated, prove to be a useful biomarker for such issues in preschool children.
Integrierte Interne Unternehmenskommunikation. Das Zusammenwirken ausbildungsspezifischer Kompetenzen aus Public Relations, Personalmanagement und Marketing

Interne Kommunikation findet nicht nur in einer eigenstandigen Abteilung fur Interne Kommunikation statt, sondern auch als interne PR, interne Personalkommunikation und internes Marketing in anderen Unternehmensbereichen. Unabhangig davon, ob es eine eigene Abteilung fur Interne Kommunikation gibt, kommunizieren in grosen Unternehmen mit einer differenzierten Abteilungsstruktur auch die PR Abteilung, das Personalmanagement und das Marketing mit unterschiedlicher Zielsetzung mit den MitarbeiterInnen. Doch welche fur die Interne Kommunikation relevanten Kompetenzen bringen Verantwortliche dieser drei Disziplinen aus ihren fachspezifischen Ausbildungen mit?
Prevalence of Symptoms and Quality of Life Among Jordanian Cancer Patients

In Jordan, little is known about cancer related symptoms prevalence, severity, and its impacts on patientsaEUR(tm) quality of life. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate cancer related symptoms prevalence, severity, and predictors of quality of life of cancer patients in Jordan. A descriptive cross sectional survey design was used. The sample consisted of 498 Jordanian cancer patients. There were slightly more males (51.6% and a mean age of 44.3 SD 15.3) years. The mean of the number of symptoms reported by patients was 11 SD 3.3) The most prevalent symptoms were fatigue (92.5% feeling drowsy (87.1% lack of appetite (86.3% being distressed (86.1% and pain (85.5% Furthermore, Jordanian cancer patients had low mean total scores for quality of life at a level of 18.5 SD 4.9) A comprehensive palliative care program is recommended, led by a representative from the Ministry of Health, to integrate palliative care within the current health care system in Jordan.
Prevalence of Symptoms and Quality of Life Among Jordanian Cancer Patients
Venue: Clinical nursing research

In Jordan, little is known about cancer related symptoms prevalence, severity, and its impacts on patients' quality of life. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate cancer related symptoms prevalence, severity, and predictors of quality of life of cancer patients in Jordan. A descriptive cross sectional survey design was used. The sample consisted of 498 Jordanian cancer patients. There were slightly more males (51.6% and a mean age of 44.3 (SD 15.3) years. The mean of the number of symptoms reported by patients was 11 (SD 3.3) The most prevalent symptoms were fatigue (92.5% feeling drowsy (87.1% lack of appetite (86.3% being distressed (86.1% and pain (85.5% Furthermore, Jordanian cancer patients had low mean total scores for quality of life at a level of 18.5 (SD 4.9) A comprehensive palliative care program is recommended, led by a representative from the Ministry of Health, to integrate palliative care within the current health care system in Jordan.
WE AB 207A 11: Respiratory Motion Guided 4DCBCT A Step Towards Controlling 4DCBCT Image Quality.
Venue: Medical physics

We have developed a method, called respiratory motion guided 4DCBCT (RMG 4DCBCT) in which the gantry speed and projection frequency are varied in response to the patient's real time respiratory signal to eliminate streaking artifacts and to suppress duplicate projections in 4DCBCT images. In 2015, we realized RMG 4DCBCT on an Elekta Synergy linear accelerator with a mechanical relay to suppress projections and a potentiometer to adjust the gantry speed in response to the patient's real time respiratory signal. The aim of this study was to analyse the image quality to determine what can and cannot be controlled.  Using RMG 4DCBCT, we acquired 40 (RMG 4DCBCT_40) and 60 (RMG 4DCBCT_60) equally spaced projections per respiratory phase of the CIRS dynamic thorax phantom with breathing periods from 2s to 8s and two breathing traces from lung cancer patients. The contrast to noise ratio (CNR) and edge response width (ERW) were used to compare image quality between RMG 4DCBCT and conventional 4DCBCT.  Regardless of the breathing period, for RMG 4DCBCT, the CNR is approximately 7 and 9 with RMG 4DCBCT_40 and RMG 4DCBCT_60 respectively. Conventional 4DCBCT has a CNR dropping from 20 down to 6 as the breathing period drops from 2s to 8s. With RMG 4DCBCT, the ERW, in the direction of phantom motion, ranges from 2.1mm to 2.5mm as the breathing period drops from 2s to 8s which compares to a higher range of 2.0mm to 2.5mm with conventional 4DCBCT. Images with similar quality to conventional 4DCBCT can be acquired with RMG 4DCBCT_40 which has a 70% reduction in imaging dose.  The image contrast can be controlled with RMG 4DCBCT regardless of the patients breathing rate. However, although the image sharpness is better with RMG 4DCBCT, image sharpness has a small dependence on the breathing period; the accuracy of registration and segmentation will therefore vary with the patient's breathing period. This project was supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) project grant 1034060 and Cancer Australia grant number 1084566.
Discharge characteristics of composite insulation system with floating electrode and solid insulator in vacuum
Venue: IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation

For the development of vacuum interrupters for their higher voltage application in power transmission systems, it is necessary to clarify the discharge characteristics of composite insulation systems with a shield (floating electrode) and a solid insulator in vacuum. In this paper, we focus on the composite discharge patterns via the shield and the solid insulator. For cathode shield insulator anode (c s i a) and cathode insulator shield anode (c i s a) electrode configurations, the discharge can be classified into two independent processes: breakdown in vacuum gap and surface flashover on the solid insulator. Furthermore, we have found that the breakdown development time increases with the increase in the gap length and the surface flashover development time depends on the voltage peak after flashover inception, which are consistent with discharge development characteristics for individual gap breakdown and surface flashover, respectively. These results are significant to understanding and discriminating the composite discharge patterns and discharge path in vacuum interrupters.
Measurement and analysis of partial discharge on floating electrode defect in GIS
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application (ICHVE)

In this paper, a 220kV GIS bus bar model is established to study partial discharge characteristics of floating electrode defect in Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) which is one of the common sources of PD. The 220kV GIS bus bar cavity is taken as an object to design physical model of floating electrode defect. The PD development process is researched by applying gradually increased voltage. The UHF method and the acoustic method are used to detect the PD. The PRPD patterns at different voltage levels of PD are accessed through the PD data of UHF signal. The discharge patterns of different voltage levels at continuous mode and phase mode are obtained through ultrasonic method. These measurements can provide test basis for the assessment of partial discharge provoked by floating electrode defect in GIS. It is shown by experiments that the PD characteristics change as the applied voltage raised. Their specific performances are the discharge number at positive and negative half cycle getting more, and the phase interval gradually widened with the increase of applied voltage. But the discharge amplitude has no dramatic change with the increase of the applied voltage. By comparison of the UHF method and the acoustic method, it is concluded that UHF method has advantages of interference immunity, high sensitivity. The acoustic method is electromagnetic noise immunity. The acoustic sensor do not require intrusive installation and do not destroy the GIS structure itself. Compared to the UHF sensor, it may be more cost effective. But the acoustic signal is attenuated and the measurement sensitivity is under the influence of the temperature. The two methods both can make PD location using the time difference of the different sensors. The two kinds of measurements can provide test basis for the assessment of partial discharge provoked by floating electrode defect in GIS.
Large scale JPEG steganalysis using hybrid deep learning framework
Venue: ArXiv

Deep learning frameworks have achieved overwhelming superiority in many fields of pattern recognition in recent years. However, the application of deep learning frameworks in image steganalysis is still in its initial stage. In this paper we firstly proved that the convolution phase and the quantization truncation phase are not learnable for deep neural networks. Then on the basis of the theoretical analysis, we proposed a new hybrid deep learning framework for JPEG steganalysis, which is made up of two hybrid parts. The first part is hand crafted. It corresponds to the the convolution phase and the quantization truncation phase of the rich models. The second part is a compound deep neural network containing three CNN subnets in which the model parameters are learnable during the training procedure. We have conducted extensive experiments on large scale dataset extracted from ImageNet. Primary dataset used in our experiments contains one million images, while our largest dataset contains ten million images. The large scale experiments show that our proposed framework outperforms all other steganalytic models (hand crafted or deeplearning based) in the literature. Furthermore, the experimental results revealed that our proposed framework possesses some great features, including well attacking target transfer ability and insensitive to altered JPEG block artifact.
New results in free viewpoint television systems for horizontal virtual navigation
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

The paper presents the concept of a practical free viewpoint television system with purely optical depth estimation. The system consists of camera modules that contain pairs or triples of cameras together with the respective microphones. The camera modules can be sparsely located in arbitrary positions around a scene. Each camera module is equivalent to a video camera with a depth sensor and microphones. The hardware requirements, the video and audio processing algorithms and the preliminary experimental results are reported. In particular, for such systems, a compression technique is discussed that is more efficient than the new 3D HEVC technology. A set of new test sequences obtained with the use of camera pairs are presented.