nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Slow wave propagation in soft adhesive interfaces.
Venue: Soft matter

Stick slip in sliding of soft adhesive surfaces has long been associated with the propagation of Schallamach waves, a type of slow surface wave. Recently it was demonstrated using in situ experiments that two other kinds of slow waves separation pulses and slip pulses also mediate stick slip (Viswanathan et al. Soft Matter, 2016, 12, 5265 5275) While separation pulses, like Schallamach waves, involve local interface detachment, slip pulses are moving stress fronts with no detachment. Here, we present a theoretical analysis of the propagation of these three waves in a linear elastodynamics framework. Different boundary conditions apply depending on whether or not local interface detachment occurs. It is shown that the interface dynamics accompanying slow waves is governed by a system of integral equations. Closed form analytical expressions are obtained for the interfacial pressure, shear stress, displacements and velocities. Separation pulses and Schallamach waves emerge naturally as wave solutions of the integral equations, with oppositely oriented directions of propagation. Wave propagation is found to be stable in the stress regime where linearized elasticity is a physically valid approximation. Interestingly, the analysis reveals that slow traveling wave solutions are not possible in a Coulomb friction framework for slip pulses. The theory provides a unified picture of stick slip dynamics and slow wave propagation in adhesive contacts, consistent with experimental observations.
Influence of dipolar interactions on the magnetic susceptibility spectra of ferrofluids.
Venue: Physical review. E

The frequency dependent magnetic susceptibility of a ferrofluid is calculated under the assumption that the constituent particles undergo Brownian relaxation only. Brownian dynamics simulations are carried out in order to test the predictions of a recent theory [A. O. Ivanov, V. S. Zverev, and S. S. Kantorovich, Soft Matter 12, 3507 (2016)1744 683X10.1039/C5SM02679B] that includes the effects of interparticle dipole dipole interactions. The theory is based on the so called modified mean field approach and possesses the following important characteristics: in the low concentration, noninteracting regime, it gives the correct single particle Debye theory results; it yields the exact leading order results in the zero frequency limit; it includes particle polydispersity correctly from the outset; and it is based on firm theoretical foundations allowing, in principle, systematic extensions to treat stronger interactions and/or higher concentrations. The theory and simulations are compared in the case of a model monodisperse ferrofluid, where the effects of interactions are predicted to be more pronounced than in a polydisperse ferrofluid. The susceptibility spectra are analyzed in detail in terms of the low frequency behavior, the position of the peak in the imaginary (out of phase) part, and the characteristic decay time of the magnetization autocorrelation function. It is demonstrated that the theory correctly predicts the trends in all of these properties with increasing concentration and dipolar coupling constant, the product of which is proportional to the Langevin susceptibility kh_{L} The theory is in quantitative agreement with the simulation results as long as kh_{L}1.
Effect of ethylene on ripening of kiwifruit stored under controlled or modified atmosphere packaging and treated with 1 methylcyclopropene.

Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.  and soft texture when ripe. A high dry matter concentration at harvest can be used to predict fruit sweetness at ripening. However, fruit softening capacity is difficult to predict because of the interaction between postharvest practices and biochemical processes that occur at 0*C.  To understand the effect of ethylene on restoring the lost softening capacity of kiwifruit treated with 1 methylcyclopropene (1 MCP) alone or in combination with modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) or controlled atmosphere storage (CA)  The effect of ethylene (100 l l 1 for 12 h at 20*C) on kiwifruit harvested at commercial maturity (6.2% SSC) and treated with 1 MCP (1 l l 1, 24 h) and packed in perforated bags (PB) or MAP for 60, 90 or 120 days at 0*C and ripened at 20*C for 17 days was determined. The effect of ethylene applied at 100 l l 1 for 24, 48 or 72 h was also evaluated on fruit treated with 1 MCP (1 l l 1, 24 h) subjected to 108 days of CA (2% O2 and 5% CO2) and a further 30 days in PB at 0*C.  Both 1 MCP and MAP reduced fruit softening after 60 and 90 days at 0*C, and delayed fruit ripening at 20*C. A synergistic effect of 1 MCP and MAP extended those results to 120 days at 0*C. Ethylene treatment restored the ripening of MA fruit but not the 1 MCP treated fruit stored for 60 days at 0*C or when it was packed in MA bags for 90 days at 0*C. Ethylene for 48 h prevented the 'hard core' texture observed in CA with 1 MCP treated fruit.  Kiwifruit treated with 1 MCP and/or packed with MA requires a minimum time at 0*C before to induce ripening by ethylene treatment (100 l l 1 for 12 h at 20*C) Ethylene treatment avoids 'hard core' development on 1 MCP treated fruit stored in CA. Keyword: 1 methylcyclopropene, hard core, fruit quality, ripening protocol *Corresponding author: Juan Pablo Zoffoli, Departamento de Fruticultura y Enologia,  26864159;  25534130;  1878 5093/16/$35.00 (c) 2016 IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved 382 J.P. Zoffoli et al. Effect of ethylene on ripening of kiwifruit stored under controlled or modified
Cultural similarities and differences in perceiving and recognizing facial expressions of basic emotions.
Venue: Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance

The ability to recognize facial expressions of basic emotions is often considered a universal human ability. However, recent studies have suggested that this commonality has been overestimated and that people from different cultures use different facial signals to represent expressions (Jack, Blais, Scheepers, Schyns, Caldara, 2009; Jack, Caldara, Schyns, 2012) We investigated this possibility by examining similarities and differences in the perception and categorization of facial expressions between Chinese and white British participants using whole face and partial face images. Our results showed no cultural difference in the patterns of perceptual similarity of expressions from whole face images. When categorizing the same expressions, however, both British and Chinese participants were slightly more accurate with whole face images of their own ethnic group. To further investigate potential strategy differences, we repeated the perceptual similarity and categorization tasks with presentation of only the upper or lower half of each face. Again, the perceptual similarity of facial expressions was similar between Chinese and British participants for both the upper and lower face regions. However, participants were slightly better at categorizing facial expressions of their own ethnic group for the lower face regions, indicating that the way in which culture shapes the categorization of facial expressions is largely driven by differences in information decoding from this part of the face.
Boosting Video Description Generation by Explicitly Translating from Frame Level Captions
Venue: ACM Multimedia

Automatically describing video content with natural language is a fundamental challenge of computer vision. The recent advanced technique that approaches this problem is Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) The need to train RNN on large scale complex and diverse videos and their associated language, however, makes the task human labeling intensive and computationally expensive. Moreover, the results can suffer from robustness problem, especially when there are rich of temporal dynamics in the sequence of video frames. We demonstrate in this paper that the above two limitations can be mitigated by jointly exploring the largely available data from image domain and representing each frame by high level attributes rather than visual features. The former leverages the learnt models on image captioning benchmark to generate caption for each video frame, while the latter explicitly incorporates the obtained captions which are regarded as the attributes of each frame. Specifically, we propose a novel sequence to sequence architecture to generate descriptions for videos, in a sense that the inputs are the captions of sequential frames and it outputs words sequentially. On a widely used YouTube2Text dataset, our proposal is shown to be powerful with superior performance over several state of the art methods including both architectures that are purely developed on video data and RNN based models which translate directly from visual features to language.
Cyclic ADP Ribose and Heat Regulate Oxytocin Release via CD38 and TRPM2 in the Hypothalamus during Social or Psychological Stress in Mice
Venue: Front. Neurosci.

Hypothalamic oxytocin (OT) is released into the brain by cyclic ADP ribose (cADPR) with or without depolarizing stimulation. Previously, we showed that the intracellular free calcium concentration [Ca2+]i) that seems to trigger OT release can be elevated by b NAD+ cADPR, and ADP in mouse oxytocinergic neurons. As these b NAD+ metabolites activate warm sensitive TRPM2 cation channels, when the incubation temperature is increased, the [Ca2+]i in hypothalamic neurons is elevated. However, it has not been determined whether OT release is facilitated by heat in vitro or hyperthermia in vivo in combination with cADPR. Furthermore, it has not been examined whether CD38 and TRPM2 exert their functions on OT release during stress or stress induced hyperthermia in relation to the anxiolytic roles and social behaviors of OT under stress conditions. Here, we report that OT release from the isolated hypothalami of male mice in culture was enhanced by extracellular application of cADPR or increasing the incubation temperature from 35degC to 38.5degC, and simultaneous stimulation showed a greater effect. This release was inhibited by a cADPR dependent ryanodine receptor inhibitor and a nonspecific TRPM2 inhibitor. The facilitated release by heat and cADPR was suppressed in the hypothalamus isolated from CD38 knockout mice and CD38 or TRPM2 knockdown mice. In the course of these experiments, we noted that OT release differed markedly between individual mice under stress with group housing. That is, when male mice received cage switch stress and eliminated due to their social subclass, significantly higher levels of OT release were found in subordinates compared with ordinates. In mice exposed to anxiety stress in an open field, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) OT level increased transiently at 5 min after exposure, and the rectal temperature also increased from 36.6degC to 37.8degC. OT levels in the CSF of mice with lipopolysaccharide induced fever +0.8degC) were higher than those of control mice. The TRPM2 mRNA levels and immunoreactivities increased in the subordinate group with cage switch stress. These results showed that cADPR/CD38 and heat/TRPM2 are co regulators of OT secretion and suggested that CD38 and TRPM2 are potential therapeutic targets for OT release in psychiatric diseases caused by social stress.
Development and Psychometric Testing of the Caregiver Communication Competence Scale in Patients With Dementia.
Venue: Journal of gerontological nursing

Appropriate communication skills are essential for understanding patient needs, particularly those of patients with dementia. Assessing health care providers' competence in communicating with patients with dementia is critical for planning a communication education program. However, no formally established scale can be used. The purpose of the current study was to develop a valid and reliable instrument for determining the communication competence of health care providers with patients with dementia. Through use of a literature review and previous clinical experience, an initial 28 item scale was developed to assess the frequency of use of each item by health care providers. Fourteen items were extracted and three factors were distinguished. Results indicated that the internal consistency reliability of the 14 item scale was 0.84. Favorable convergent and discriminant validities were reached. The communication competence scale provides administrators or educators with a useful tool for assessing communication competence of health care providers when interacting with patients with dementia so a suitable education program can be planned and implemented.
The influence of day care centres for people with dementia on family caregivers: an integrative review of the literature
Venue: Aging mental health

Day care centres (DCC) for people with dementia (PWD) have received increased attention recently, due to a shift in policy from the use of residential care towards home based services. The aim of this study is to provide an extended understanding of the influence of DCCs on family caregivers (FCs)  An integrative review including 19 studies was used: qualitative (n 2) quantitative non randomised (n 8) quantitative descriptive studies (n 7) and with mixed method design (n 2) The quality of the studies was evaluated by the mixed methods appraisal tool (MMAT)  FC experienced the DCC both as a respite service, and to some extent as a support service, improving their competence in caring for the PWD. The quality of the DCC influenced its use, and the FC's motivation to care for the PWD. FC's gender, role, individual needs, PWD behavioural problems and need for assistance played an important role.  As a respite and support service, DCCs have the potential to give FCs a feeling of safety and relief, reduce the caregiver's burden, and increase their motivation towards their role as caregivers. These outcomes depend on the quality of treatment, and how the service meets the FC's needs for flexibility, support, information, and responsibility sharing.
What is the current state of care for older people with dementia in general hospitals? A literature review
Venue: Dementia

This paper summarises a literature review focusing on the literature directly pertaining to the acute care of older people with dementia in general hospitals from 2007 onwards. Following thematic analysis, one overarching theme emerged: the consequences of being in hospital with seven related subthemes. Significantly, this review highlights that overall there remains mostly negative consequences and outcomes for people with dementia when they go into general hospitals. Although not admitted to hospital directly due to dementia, there are usually negative effects on the dementia condition from hospitalisation. The review suggests this is primarily because there is a tension between prioritisation of acute care for existing co morbidities and person centred dementia care. This is complicated by insufficient understanding of what constitutes person centred care in an acute care context and a lack of the requisite knowledge and skills set in health care practitioners. The review also reveals a worrying lack of evidence for the effectiveness of mental health liaison posts and dementia care specialist posts in nursing. Finally, although specialist posts such as liaison and clinical nurse specialists and specialist units/shared care wards can enhance quality of care and reduce adverse consequences of hospitalisation (they do not significantly) impact on reducing length of stay or the cost of care.
Trilayer Tunnel Selectors for Memristor Memory Cells
Venue: Advanced materials

An integrated memory cell with a memristor and a trilayer crested barrier selector, showing repeatable nonlinear current voltage switching loops is presented. The fully atomic layer deposited TaN1+x/Ta2O5/TaN1+x crested barrier selector yields a large nonlinearity >104) high endurance >108) low variability, and low temperature dependence.
[Antibiotic of resistence profile of Salmonella spp. serotypes isolated from retail beef in Mexico City]
Venue: Salud publica de Mexico

To determine the serotype and antibiotic resistance profile of Salmonella spp. isolated from retail ground beef in Mexico City.  A total of 100 samples of ground beef were analyzed. The pathogen was isolated by conventional methods and confirmed by PCR (invA gene, 284 bp).The antibiotic resistance profile was determined by the Kirby Bauer method while serotyping was performed according to the Kauffman White scheme.  We isolated a total of 19 strains of Lomita (6) Derby (4) Senftenberg (2) Javiana and Cannsttat (1) and undetermined (5) serotypes. The strains showed a high resistance rate to ampicillin (18/19) carbenicillin (16/19) tetracyclin (13/19) and trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (13/19) Multidrug resistance was observed in 14 isolates.  Several Salmonella spp. serotypes of public health significance are circulating in ground beef sold in the major Mexican city. Some of these strains are multi drug resistance.
Passivation sensitive exciton finestructure produces excess Stokes shifts in colloidal quantum dots

The excitonic finestructure of colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) is comprised of a manifold of transitions, of which only the lowest are populated and contribute to photoluminescence. This leads to a Stokes shift in emission relative to absorption. Here we show experimentally that the Stokes shift in Pb and Cd based chalcogenide CQDs is correlated with the degree of surface passivation, and develop a model that explains how coupling to the surface affects the core electronic states. Dark and bright transitions can reorder and split, increasing the Stokes shift even without the formation of deep traps. Our findings resolve the highly debated topic of excess Stokes shifts in PbS nanocrystals as due to parity forbidden transitions instead of traps. We predict that the Stokes shift in PbS can be eliminated via core stoichiometry control, a critical step towards enhancing the open circuit voltage in quantum dot solar cells.
Fast Kronecker product kernel methods via sampled vec trick
Venue: ArXiv

Kronecker product kernel provides the standard approach in the kernel methods literature for learning from pair input data, where both data points and prediction tasks have their own feature representations. The methods allow simultaneous generalization to both new tasks and data unobserved in the training set, a setting known as zero shot or zero data learning. Such a setting occurs in numerous applications, including drug target interaction prediction, collaborative filtering and information retrieval. Efficient training algorithms based on the so called vec trick, that makes use of the special structure of the Kronecker product, are known for the case where the output matrix for the training set is fully observed, i.e. the correct output for each data point task combination is available. In this work we generalize these results, proposing an efficient algorithm for sampled Kronecker product multiplication, where only a subset of the full Kronecker product is computed. This allows us to derive a general framework for training Kronecker kernel methods, as specific examples we implement Kronecker ridge regression and support vector machine algorithms. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach leads to accurate models, while allowing order of magnitude improvements in training and prediction time.
Independence of Hot and Cold Executive Function Deficits in High Functioning Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Venue: Front. Hum. Neurosci.

Individuals with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) display diverse deficits in social, cognitive and behavioral functioning. To date, there has been mixed findings on the profile of executive function deficits for high functioning adults (IQ 70) with ASD. A conceptual distinction is commonly made between "cold" and "hot" executive functions. Cold executive functions refer to mechanistic higher order cognitive operations (e.g. working memory) whereas hot executive functions entail cognitive abilities supported by emotional awareness and social perception (e.g. social cognition) This study aimed to determine the independence of deficits in hot and cold executive functions for high functioning adults with ASD. Forty two adults with ASD (64% male, aged 18 66 years) and 40 age and gender matched controls were administered The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT; emotion recognition and social inference) Letter Number Sequencing (working memory) and Hayling Sentence  Test (response initiation and suppression) Between group analyses identified that the ASD group performed significantly worse than matched controls on all measures of cold and hot executive functions (d 0.54 1.5) Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that the ASD sample performed more poorly on emotion recognition and social inference tasks than matched controls after controlling for cold executive functions and employment status. The findings also indicated that the ability to recognize emotions and make social inferences was supported by working memory and response initiation and suppression processes. Overall, this study supports the distinction between hot and cold executive function impairments for adults with ASD. Moreover, it advances understanding of higher order impairments underlying social interaction difficulties for this population which, in turn, may assist with diagnosis and inform intervention programs.
Emotion recognition and alexithymia in high functioning females with autism spectrum disorder

Although there is a wealth of information on the emotion recognition skills of males with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) not much is known about these skills in women with ASD. This study investigates the relation between alexithymia and emotion recognition in this group. 31 high functioning females with ASD and 28 age matched typical females performed a vocal and visual emotion recognition task and completed an alexithymia questionnaire. Level of intensity of the presented emotions was manipulated in the visual emotion recognition task between 25% (low intensity) and 100% (full emotion intensity) in 25% increments. There was no evidence of impairments in the accuracy of visual or vocal emotion recognition. Both groups were equally affected by level of intensity. Level of alexithymia was higher in women with ASD in the cognitive domain. Within the ASD group, women with high levels of alexithymia attained lower scores on visual emotion recognition in the lowest intensity condition, suggesting that being able to identify one's own emotions may help in processing subtle emotions.
Virtual Reality Social Cognition Training for children with high functioning autism
Venue: Comput. Hum. Behav.

Virtual reality appears to be a promising and motivating platform to safely practice and rehearse social skills for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) However, the literature to date is subject to limitations in elucidating the effectiveness of these virtual reality interventions. This study investigated the impact of a Virtual Reality Social Cognition Training to enhance social skills in children with ASD. Thirty children between the ages of 7 16 diagnosed with ASD completed 10, 1 h sessions across 5 weeks. Three primary domains were measured pre post: emotion recognition, social attribution, attention and executive function. Results revealed improvements on measures of emotion recognition, social attribution, and executive function of analogical reasoning. These preliminary findings suggest that the use of a virtual reality platform offers an effective treatment option for improving social impairments commonly found in ASD. The VR SCT provides an interactive and stimulating approach for children with ASD.The VR SCT can improve social cognitive skills in children with ASD.Training improved emotion recognition, social attribution, and executive function.The training is a safe and socially non threatening platform.