nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Measuring the Importance of Library User Education: A Comparative Study Between Fudan University and the National Taiwan Normal University

This study aims at examining students' attitudes and perceptions towards the values and importance of the user education program provided by the libraries of two leading universities in Asia namely, Fudan University (FU) located in Shanghai and the National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU) located in Taipei. It uses a comparative approach to highlight the differences in students' feelings about a series of user education programs carried out by these two academic libraries. The data was collected through online questionnaire surveys with student participants, together with a small number of face to face interviews with the user education librarians to reflect on the survey results. A total number of 109 survey responses were collected from both universities. Results of this study indicated that a majority of the student respondents considered library user education as an important part of their formal academic learning as such library programs enabled them the necessary skills to make the best and maximum use the library resources available. The findings of this study are useful for identifying the different learning needs amongst these two groups of students, as well as other barriers that were preventing the library user education programs to be integrated into students' overall learning, and the university's core curriculum as a whole.
"Good Fences Make Good Neighbors" Territorial Dividers Increase User Satisfaction and Efficiency in Library Study Spaces

We were consulted to respond to complaints from library users regarding the lack of workspace in a university library hall during busy periods. A behavior mapping study and a survey involving 78 students suggested that the tables in the library hall were used inefficiently, mainly due to a need for territorial markers. Accordingly, we proposed the design and use of new tables that provided dividers (among other improvements) and this design was implemented by the university administration. Follow up research with 86 students indicated that the design improvements not only led to changes in seating preference trends toward more efficient use of the study hall, but also increased user satisfaction.
Plant Phenotyping using Probabilistic Topic Models: Uncovering the Hyperspectral Language of Plants
Venue: Scientific reports

Modern phenotyping and plant disease detection methods, based on optical sensors and information technology, provide promising approaches to plant research and precision farming. In particular, hyperspectral imaging have been found to reveal physiological and structural characteristics in plants and to allow for tracking physiological dynamics due to environmental effects. In this work, we present an approach to plant phenotyping that integrates non invasive sensors, computer vision, as well as data mining techniques and allows for monitoring how plants respond to stress. To uncover latent hyperspectral characteristics of diseased plants reliably and in an easy to understand way, we "wordify" the hyperspectral images, i.e. we turn the images into a corpus of text documents. Then, we apply probabilistic topic models, a well established natural language processing technique that identifies content and topics of documents. Based on recent regularized topic models, we demonstrate that one can track automatically the development of three foliar diseases of barley. We also present a visualization of the topics that provides plant scientists an intuitive tool for hyperspectral imaging. In short, our analysis and visualization of characteristic topics found during symptom development and disease progress reveal the hyperspectral language of plant diseases.
Testing the Effects of Employee Empowerment, Teamwork, and Employee Training on Employee Productivity in Higher Education Sector

Improving employee productivity is one of the most important objectives for any organization. This is because highly productive employees can influence overall organizational performance. This study aims to test the direct effects of employee empowerment, teamwork, and employee training on employee productivity in higher education sector. Based on the review of past literature, it is clear that only few studies were conducted on employee productivity, particularly, in education sector. Therefore, the data of this study were collected using an online survey from a sample of 242 employees serving at public universities in northern Malaysia. To analyse the collected data, SPSS and structural equation modelling were utilized. The results revealed that employee empowerment has significant positive effect on employee productivity. It was also found that teamwork has significant positive effect on employee productivity. Finally, the study found that employee training has significant positive effect on employee productivity. These findings provide useful implications for policy makers to set out their strategies with regard to human resource factors to in order to enhance both employee productivity and organizational performance.
Improving employee productivity through work engagement: Evidence from higher education sector

A B S T R A C T Employee productivity is one of the important management topics that received significant research attentions from several scholars and considered as a primary mechanism to enhance organizational success. Knowing what are the key factors that influence productivity is vital to ensure long term performance. This study examines the effect of work engagement on employee productivity in higher education sector. To accomplish this purpose, the primary data using survey instrument were collected from a sample of 242 employees at public universities in northern Malaysia using an online survey method. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS and Structural equation modelling on AMOS. The results indicated that work engagement had significant positive effect on employee productivity. Moreover, this study provides an evidence that all of the dimensions of work engagement namely vigor, dedication, and absorption have significant positive effects on employee productivity.
Backtracking based matching pursuit method for distributed compressed sensing
Venue: Multimedia Tools and Applications

In this paper, we study a distributed compressed sensing (DCS) problem in which we need to recover a set of jointly sparse vectors from the measurements. A Backtracking based Adaptive Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (BAOMP) method to approximately sparse solutions for DCS is proposed. It is an iterative approach where each iteration consists of consecutive forward selection to adaptively choose several atoms and backward removal stages to detect the previous chosen atoms' reliability and then delete the unreliable atoms at each iteration. Also, unlike its several predecessors, the proposed method does not require the sparsity level to be known as a prior which makes it a potential candidate for many practical applications, when the sparsity of signals is not available. We demonstrate the reconstruction ability of the proposed algorithm on both synthetically generated data and image using Normal and Binary sparse signals, and the real life electrocardiography (ECG) data, where the proposed method yields less reconstruction error and higher exact recovery rate than other existing DCS algorithms.
Solving Enhanced Radar Imaging Inverse Problems: From Descriptive Regularization to Feature Structured Superresolution Sensing
Venue: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing

Resolution enhancement (RE) and superresolution (SR) enhancement of the remote sensing imagery provided by conventional low resolution (LR) coherent real aperture radar or fractional SAR sensors operating in real world scenarios with the model data statistics unknown to the observer belong to a class of nonlinear uncertain inverse problems. The classical Bayesian statistical inference and modern compressed sensing based approaches are not properly adapted to such inverse problems as the latter require robust spatially selective image despeckling adaptively balanced over RE with preservation of salient radar/SAR image features. In this paper, we propose to treat the RE/SR radar imaging inverse problems in a multistage descriptive experiment design regularization (DEDR) setting that logically unifies composite RE optimization tasks into a four level structured DEDR framework. First, the conventional despeckled LR image formed via performing the matched spatial filtering of the recorded trajectory signals is considered as initial LR data for further feature enhanced processing. Second, the minimum risk inspired robust adaptive beamforming method is DEDR restructured and unified with the convergence guaranteed and sparsity promoting composite projections onto convex sets aimed at feature enhanced recovery of the high resolution despeckled image. The third level suggests transition to the nested refined SR scales with preservation of the consistency space. Finally, the SR recovery of the fine image features is performed consequently in each nested refined image frame via discrete wavelet domain postprocessing based sparsity promoting denoising with consistency preservation. The new multistage SR DEDR technique conjugates excellent despeckling and SR enhancement performances corroborated via reported computer simulations.
Hydrography and Coastal Circulation along the Halifax Line and the Connections with the Gulf of St. Lawrence

Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers and underwater gliders were simultaneously deployed as part of the Ocean Tracking Network to continuously monitor the Halifax Line (HL) and the Nova Scotia Current (NSC) between 2008 and 2014. The HL transects the Scotian Shelf, which connects dynamically important areas, such as the Grand Banks, the Gulf of Maine, and the Gulf of St. Lawrence (GSL) The oceanographic measurements made at the HL during this period provide a unique opportunity to study the temperature, salinity, and alongshore current conditions and variability at both seasonal and interannual time scales. The analysis of observations reveals that the water over the Scotian Shelf is mainly composed of water coming from the Gulf of St. Lawrence (Cabot Strait subsurface water) in the upper layer (30 to 50 m, 81% and Warm Slope Water below 100 m (77% highlighting the connectivity between the GSL and the Scotian Shelf. The temperature salinity characteristics of the Cold Intermediate Layer (CIL) observed along the HL and located mainly between 50 and 100 m, is indistinguishably influenced by both water coming from the Inshore Branch of the Labrador Current and CIL water formed in the GSL. These proportions stay similar over interannual time scales, suggesting that the 2012 warm anomaly observed over the Scotian Shelf is primarily driven by the advection of already anomalously warm water coming from offshore regions. The analysis of glider data also reveals that most of the alongshore transport over the Scotian Shelf occurs within the first 60 km from the coast, where the NSC is located. It was found that the freshwater discharge from the St. Lawrence River at Quebec and the alongshore transport across the NSC have a significant covariance at a 9 month lag. The Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis demonstrates that most of the current variability (between 78 and 92% can be explained by the first EOF, which represents the baroclinicity resulting from the freshwater outflow coming from the GSL. Part of the second EOF is associated with the local wind forcing and explains between 4 and 14% of the NSC variability.
Impacts of Climate Change in the Gulf of St. Lawrence

To explore modifications in water temperature and salinity under warmer climate change conditions, we performed simulations from 1970 to 2069 with the CANadian Ocean PArallelise (CANOPA) model for the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the Scotian Shelf. The surface fields to drive CANOPA were provided by the Canadian Regional Climate Model (CRCM) driven by the outputs from the third generation Canadian Global Climate Model (CGCM3) following the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B climate change scenario. The sea ice concentration and volume simulated by CANOPA are shown to have patterns consistent with those seen in observations; CANOPA is also shown to simulate sea surface temperature (SST) well. Although CANOPA can simulate the observed vertical structure of water temperature and salinity, it tends to underestimate the cold intermediate layer and overestimate water salinity in the central Gulf of St. Lawrence (GSL) In terms of the possible future climate, CANOPA simulations suggest that the GSL will be largely ice free in January, with ice volume in March steadily decreasing from about 80 km3 in the 1980s to near zero by the late 2060s. On average, the GSL water will become warmer and fresher over this time period. In January, maximum SST increases occur near eastern Cabot Strait, with amplitudes of about 1.5deg 2.5degC, corresponding to reduced sea ice in that area, and there is no notable change along the western and northern coasts of the GSL. In July, maximum SST increases occur over the western GSL corresponding to the largest increases in surface air temperature in the region. The maximum decreases in surface salinity also occur near western coastal areas and the Scotian Shelf, whereas reductions in the eastern GSL are relatively weak. Finally, compared with the present climate, the cold intermediate layer is significantly weaker in 2040 2069 than in 1980 2009.
[Delirium and delirium management in critically ill patients]
Venue: Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin

Delirium in critically ill patients is a common entity in the intensive care unit (ICU) and is an expression of the cerebral organ dysfunction of the patient. The hallmark signs are disturbed consciousness and cognition in combination with inattentiveness and alterations in perception, which are manifested within a time interval of hours to days during treatment on the ICU. Delirium has been shown to have negative effects on patient short term and long term outcome parameters and increases morbidity and mortality. Despite its significance in many cases delirium remains inadequately diagnosed during routine treatment by ICU personnel. There are two validated and easily applicable scales for the standardized diagnosis of delirium: the confusion assessment method for the ICU (CAM ICU) and the intensive care delirium screening checklist (ICDSC) These are simple to apply by medical as well as non medical personnel. The therapy of delirium is mostly determined by non pharmacological measures aiming at early identification, reorientation and mobilization of the patient, improving cerebral activity and establishing adequate wake sleep cycles. There is only sparse evidence for pharmacological treatment of delirium; however, the choice of sedative agent has a proven effect on the incidence and duration of delirium in the ICU.
A conceptual model of factors affecting e commerce adoption by SME owner/managers in Jordan
Venue: Int. J. Bus. Inf. Syst.

Since the internet revolution, internet usage in business environment e commerce has changed the way of doing business in SMEs. It is well known that e commerce is essential for SMEs in enhancing their competitiveness, productivity, enlarge market and cost reduction. However, Jordan is facing slow adoption of e commerce by SMEs. This paper reviews the strengths and weaknesses of the major models and theories relevant to technology adoption: technology acceptance model, theory of reasoned action, technology organisation environment, diffusion of innovation and Hofstede's cultural dimensions. Also, the literature review shows the most common sequences in level of e commerce adoption in SMEs: Rao model; Daniel model; Rayport and Jaworski model; Lefebvrea et al. model and leadership typologies. On the bases of these theories and models, a conceptual framework for SMEs' e commerce adoption level in Jordan is suggested. This conceptual framework can be tested empirically for SMEs in Jordan as well as other Arab countries.
Attitudes Toward Business Ethics in Different Contexts: a Cross Cultural Comparison between professionals in Jordan and UK

Understanding the attitude and perception of business professionals towards ethics, in an era of dynamic globalisation is important for investors to make strategic decisions. We explore this manifestation of business ethics across cultures in terms of ethical perceptions, moral philosophies and ethical judgments, by focusing upon the attitudes of professionals towards ethics, in two culturally and institutionally different countries: Jordan and the UK. We base our theorisation on Hofstede's Theory of International Cultures, selected business philosophies and incorporate individual and situational factors influencing ethical perception to develop our hypotheses, which were then tested by applying ATBEQ and EPQ. Our findings show significant differences in between in professionals' views to Social Darwinism and ethical relativism in Jordan and UK. This difference was detected in based on variations between Muslims in UK and Jordan in their views to business ethics. Collectively our study shows that but the culture and societal factors have the higher effect when compared to religion. Moreover, weighing the views toward Ethical Relativism by using of Attitudes Toward Business Ethics Questionnaire (ATBEQ) and Ethics Position Questionnaire (EPQ) is inconsistent in the current research, which can be an opportunity to develop a new measures for attitude toward business ethics.
Second best toll pricing within the framework of bounded rationality

The network design problem is usually formulated as a bi level program, assuming the user equilibrium is attained in the lower level program. Given boundedly rational route choice behavior, the lower level program is replaced with the boundedly rational user equilibria (BRUE) The network design problem with boundedly rational route choice behavior is understudied due to non uniqueness of the BRUE. In this study, thus, we mainly focus on boundedly rational toll pricing (BR TP) with affine link cost functions. The topological properties of the lower level BRUE set are first explored. As the BRUE solution is generally non unique, urban planners cannot predict exactly which equilibrium flow pattern the transportation network will operate after a planning strategy is implemented. Due to the risk caused by uncertainty of people's reaction, two extreme scenarios are considered: the traffic flow patterns with either the minimum system travel cost or the maximum, which is the "risk prone" (BR TP RP) or the "risk averse" (BR TP RA) scenario respectively. The upper level BR TP is to find an optimal toll minimizing the total system travel cost, while the lower level is to find the best or the worst scenario. Accordingly BR TP can be formulated as either a min min or a min max program. Solution existence is discussed based on the topological properties of the BRUE and algorithms are proposed. Two examples are accompanied to illustrate the proposed methodology.
Random Categorization and Bounded Rationality

In this study we introduce a new stochastic choice rule that categorizes objects in order to simplify the choice procedure. At any given trial, the decision maker deliberately randomizes over mental categories and chooses the best item according to her utility function within the realized consideration set formed by the intersection of the mental category and the menu of alternatives. If no alternative is present both within the considered mental category and within the menu the decision maker picks the default option. We provide the necessary and sufficient conditions that characterize this model in a complete stochastic choice dataset in the form of an acyclicity restriction on a stochastic choice revealed preference and other regularity conditions. We recover the utility function uniquely up to a monotone transformation and the probability distribution over mental categories uniquely. This model is able to accommodate violations of IIA (independence of irrelevant alternatives) of stochastic transitivity, and of the Manzini Mariotti menu independence notion (i Independence)
Los nuevos usos turisticos en la Reserva de la Biosfera de la Isla de La Palma (Canarias)

En el presente trabajo abordamos el estudio de la Reserva de la Biosfera de la isla de La Palma y de la dinamica de los nuevos usos turisticos que se estan implantando con la finalidad de reflexionar sobre el modelo de desarrollo que implican. En el estudio se realiza una breve diagnosis de las principales caracteristicas del modelo territorial de la isla. Con posterioridad, se analiza el caso de la Reserva de la Biosfera de la Isla Bonita, sus caracteristicas y sus objetivos. Por ultimo, se analiza el modelo turistico que se esta implantando desde los instrumentos de ordenacion territorial con el fin de valorar su nivel de sostenibilidad y de adecuacion a los principios de la Reserva. Las fuentes consultadas han sido los informes de la Reserva de la Biosfera, los documentos de planificacion territorial de la isla, asociaciones de desarrollo rural, las concejalias de desarrollo rural de algunos ayuntamientos implicados y las consejerias de turismo y agricultura del Cabildo Insular de La Palma y del propio Gobierno de Canarias.
Miniaturization of a 90deg Hybrid Coupler with Improved Bandwidth Performance
Venue: IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters

This letter presents a compact hybrid coupler having wider bandwidth compared to a conventional 90deg branch line coupler. Coupling between two closely spaced branches is utilized for the improvement. Closed form expressions are derived using a lossless transmission line theory. Further, graphs are presented to determine size of the coupler with the required bandwidth specifications. In the bandwidth calculation, input matching, isolation, phase and amplitude imbalances, all conditions are considered simultaneously. A coupler is fabricated on a 1.58 mm thick FR4 substrate. It occupies 33% area of a conventional branch line coupler. The measured fractional bandwidths for the input matching, isolation, phase and amplitude imbalance conditions are 19.6% 12.4% 41.9% and 35.2% respectively, which is higher than a conventional one.
90deg hybrid coupler based phase interpolation phase shifter for phased array applications at W band and beyond
Venue: 2016 IEEE MTT S International Microwave Symposium (IMS)

This paper presents a 90deg hybrid coupler based passive phase interpolator that is utilized to design a W band 5 bit phase shifter in 0.13 mm SiGe BiCMOS process. In the proposed phase shifter, amplitude weighting is made first by VGAs. Then, a 90deg hybrid performs I/Q phase splitting and phase interpolation to synthesize all four quadrant phases. In this way, the accuracy of the phase synthesis is less vulnerable to an amplifier loading effect. Further, by cascading all building blocks with a low matched impedance the phase shifter will be less sensitive to parasitic capacitance, suitable for mm Wave applications. The phase shifter is optimized for a transmitter application and the measured peak to peak gain variation for all 5 bit phase states is 4.8 9.7 dB at 94 GHz. The measured rms gain error is 1.6 dB over 93 108 GHz. The measured RMS phase error is 1.5deg at 94 GHz. The input and output P 1dB is 13 dBm and 4.7 dBm, respectively, at 94 GHz. The chip consumes 37 mW from 2.2 V supply voltage. The chip size is 1.87x0.75 mm2.