nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Magnetic field controlled charge density wave coupling in underdoped YBa2Cu3O6+x
Venue: Nature communications

The application of magnetic fields to layered cuprates suppresses their high temperature superconducting behaviour and reveals competing ground states. In widely studied underdoped YBa2Cu3O6+x (YBCO) the microscopic nature of field induced electronic and structural changes at low temperatures remains unclear. Here we report an X ray study of the high field charge density wave (CDW) in YBCO. For hole dopings ~0.123, we find that a field (B~10 T) induces additional CDW correlations along the CuO chain (b direction) only, leading to a three dimensional (3D) ordered state along this direction at B~15 T. The CDW signal along the a direction is also enhanced by field, but does not develop an additional pattern of correlations. Magnetic field modifies the coupling between the CuO2 bilayers in the YBCO structure, and causes the sudden appearance of the 3D CDW order. The mirror symmetry of individual bilayers is broken by the CDW at low and high fields, allowing Fermi surface reconstruction, as recently suggested.
Employee Ownership And Employee Shareholders Satisfaction: An Analysis Of French Companies Listed On The SBF 250

Our paper examines employees' ownership as a mechanism that stimulates employee shareholders' efforts and encourages them to adopt positive working behavior. Nevertheless, the expected effects of employees' ownership are not direct and need the inclusion of mediating variables. Our study proposes, then, to investigate the impact of employee ownership on organizational attitudes, analyzing, in particular, the influence of incentives. To this end, we conducted a questionnaire based survey of employees of French companies listed on the SBF 250. Using structural equations modeling, we were able to conclude to the importance of the considered mediating variables.
A Rule Based Approach For Pronoun Extraction And Pronoun Mapping In Pronominal Anaphora Resolution Of Quran English Translations

The nature of the Quran and its translations as classic Arabic and English texts reduces the accuracy of ordinary natural language processing tools such as pronominal anaphora resolution systems. Pronominal anaphora resolution simply involves finding an antecedent for anaphoric pronouns as the referring expressions of discourse. The performance of a pronominal anaphora resolution system is vitally related to the efficiency of pre processing tools that analyze and prepare the input data for feeding the resolution algorithm. This paper proposes a novel pre processing approach for pronoun extraction and pronoun mapping in the pronominal anaphora resolution system of English translations of the Quran, which facilitates the anaphora resolution, specifically for the English pronouns without an explicit antecedent that contributes close to 50% of the anaphoric relations in the Quran. This approach uses the morphologic, statistic and anaphoric knowledge that is extracted from the Arabic corpus of the Quran. For evaluating the arrangement, 1% of an English translation was annotated with labeling for all anaphoric and non anaphoric English pronouns. These pronouns were aligned to the equivalent Arabic pronouns and linked to the concepts in the Arabic text. Through statistical results, it was shown that our rule based pre processing tools perform well. The precision, recall, and accuracy of pronoun extraction stage are 96.38% 100% and 99.5% respectively. The result of mapping algorithm is promising whereby we score 85.51% in precision, 96.32% in recall, and 82.81% in accuracy.
Benchmarking Mi AR: Malay anaphora resolution
Venue: 2016 International Conference on Optoelectronics and Image Processing (ICOIP)

This paper discusses benchmarking a new approach that uses the maximum entropy model and Random Forest classifier for pronominal anaphora resolution in the Malay language. Given the specific characteristics of the Malay language, such as gender neutral pronouns, we pursued a specific two phase methodology: (1) conducting analyses to scrutinize the features of Malay anaphors, and (2) designing, implementing, and evaluating a pronominal resolution system based on the analysis results. The approach achieved a 0.84 F measure in testing with 9,779 tokens (i.e. 50 news and 50 non news articles) and the results of our experiment and comparison study show that the presented approach significantly outperforms the current state of the art Malay anaphora resolution systems.
A Secure Encryption Method for Biometric Templates Based on Chaotic Theory
Venue: Trans. Comput. Sci.

This paper presents an encryption based security solution for iris biometric template for secure transmission and database storage. Unlike conventionali 3/4 ?methods where raw biometric images are encrypted, this paperi 3/4 ?proposes method for encryption of biometric templates. The advantage of this method is reduced computational complexity as templates are smaller in size than the original biometric image making it suitable for real time applications. To increase the security of the biometric template, encryption is done by using the concept of multiple 1 D chaos and 2 D Arnold chaotic map. The proposed scheme provides a large key space and a high order of resistance against various attacks. Template matching parameters like hamming distance, weighted Euclidean distance, and normalized correlation coefficient are calculated to evaluate the performance of the encryption technique. The proposed algorithm has good key sensitivity, robustness against statistical and differential attacks and an efficient and lossless method for encrypting biometric templates.
A streamlined approach to online linguistic surveys

More and more researchers in linguistics use large scale experiments to test hypotheses about the data they research, in addition to more traditional informant work. In this paper we describe a new set of free, open source tools that allow linguists to post studies online, turktools. These tools allow for the creation of a wide range of linguistic tasks, including grammaticality surveys, sentence completion tasks, and picture matching tasks, allowing for easily implemented large scale linguistic studies. Our tools further help streamline the design of such experiments and assist in the extraction and analysis of the resulting data. Surveys created using the tools described in this paper can be posted on Amazon's Mechanical Turk service, a popular crowdsourcing platform that mediates between 'Requesters' who can post surveys online and 'Workers' who complete them. This allows many linguistic surveys to be completed within hours or days and at relatively low costs. Alternatively, researchers can host these randomized experiments on their own servers using a supplied server side component.
Covert Pied Piping in English Multiple Wh Questions
Venue: Linguistic Inquiry

In this article, we argue for the existence of covert pied piping in wh questions through a previously unnoticed pattern of intervention effects in Superiority obeying English multiple wh questions. We show that the preference of covert pied piping, unlike that of overt pied piping, is for movement of larger constituents. We argue that this discrepancy stems from conflicting requirements of PF and LF: overt pied piping feeds both LF and PF, but covert pied piping feeds LF only. The study of covert pied piping thus reveals the true preference of LF and narrow syntax with regard to pied piping: larger pied piping constituents are preferred over smaller ones. This preference can be overridden by certain PF constraints that apply to overt pied piping.
Covert partial wh movement and the nature of derivations

Wh movement is commonly thought to be caused by a syntactic probing operation, initiated by an interrogative probe on C, which triggers subsequent movement to the specifier of C. In this paper I argue that at least English covert wh movement cannot be described in these terms. I argue instead that covert movement can target positions other than interrogative C, and that this movement is triggered by the interpretational needs of the wh phrase itself, rather than the formal needs of interrogative C. Evidence will come from the interaction of English multiple wh questions with intervention effects I document a pattern of intervention effects that is explained only if English in situ wh phrases can be interpreted at LF in non interrogative intermediate positions.
The structure and interpretation of non restrictive relatives: Evidence from relative pronoun pied piping

In this paper, we investigate the structure and interpretation of English nonrestrictive relative clauses, also often called appositive relatives and sometimes supplemental relatives. We propose that in non restrictive relatives, relative pronouns are interpreted in situ within the pied piped constituent at LF, using RoothHamblin alternative computation (Hamblin, 1973;  1985, 1992,  Evidence comes from the presence of intervention effects in RPPP; intervention effects (Beck, 2006; Sauerland Heck, 2003, a.o. can be used to diagnose regions of alternative computation (see Kotek Erlewine, to appear; Erlewine Kotek, 2014) The proposal here has the consequence that non restrictive relatives are fundamentally proposition denoting (Del Gobbo, 2007) in contrast to restrictive relatives which are property denoting. Our proposal helps explain two differences between restrictive and non restrictive RCs in English. First, non restrictive relatives must use relative pronouns whereas restrictive relatives also have a that/ complementizer option. The relative pronoun strategy must be used in non restrictive relatives to arrive at the propositional denotation. Second, RPPP in non restrictive relatives can be substantially larger than in restrictive relatives. This is due to the semantics of Rooth Hamblin alternative computation, used to interpret relative pronouns in non restrictive relatives, which is insensitive to syntactic barriers such as islands, although it is susceptible to intervention effects.
Intervention effects in relative pronoun pied piping: experimental evidence

This paper contributes experimental evidence regarding the question of how relative pronouns are interpreted in English non restrictive relative clauses with relative pronoun pied piping (RPPP) Kotek and Erlewine (2015) and Erlewine and Kotek (to appear b) claim that the wh relative pronoun is sensitive to intervention effects inside its pied piping constituent (cf Sauerland and Heck 2003, Cable 2010, Kotek and Erlewine to appear) In this paper we present the results of a web based grammaticality judgment survey which supports this claim. We discuss the nature of the intervention judgment, which is notoriously subtle, and how it might be modeled in grammar. The sensitivity of RPPP to intervention effects has important implications for the formal analysis of English non restrictive relative clauses, supporting the view that relative pronouns are interpreted in situ without covert movement out of its pied piping.
Dissecting Immune Circuits by Linking CRISPR Pooled Screens with Single Cell RNA Seq
Venue: Cell

In multicellular organisms, dedicated regulatory circuits control cell type diversity and responses. The crosstalk and redundancies within these circuits and substantial cellular heterogeneity pose a major research challenge. Here, we present CRISP seq, an integrated method for massively parallel single cell RNA sequencing (RNA seq) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) pooled screens. We show that profiling the genomic perturbation and transcriptome in the same cell enables us to simultaneously elucidate the function of multiple factors and their interactions. We applied CRISP seq to probe regulatory circuits of innate immunity. By sampling tens of thousands of perturbed cells in vitro and in mice, we identified interactions and redundancies between developmental and signaling dependent factors. These include opposing effects of Cebpb and Irf8 in regulating the monocyte/macrophage versus dendritic cell lineages and differential functions for Rela and Stat1/2 in monocyte versus dendritic cell responses to pathogens. This study establishes CRISP seq as a broadly applicable, comprehensive, and unbiased approach for elucidating mammalian regulatory circuits.
Document Retrieval Using Entity Based Language Models
Venue: SIGIR

We address the ad hoc document retrieval task by devising novel types of entity based language models. The models utilize information about single terms in the query and documents as well as term sequences marked as entities by some entity linking tool. The key principle of the language models is accounting, simultaneously, for the uncertainty inherent in the entity markup process and the balance between using entity based and term based information. Empirical evaluation demonstrates the merits of using the language models for retrieval. For example, the performance transcends that of a state of the art term proximity method. We also show that the language models can be effectively used for cluster based document retrieval and query expansion.
The Spectrum and Regulatory Landscape of Intestinal Innate Lymphoid Cells Are Shaped by the Microbiome
Venue: Cell

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are critical modulators of mucosal immunity, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis, but their full spectrum of cellular states and regulatory landscapes remains elusive. Here, we combine genome wide RNA seq, ChIP seq, and ATAC seq to compare the transcriptional and epigenetic identity of small intestinal ILCs, identifying thousands of distinct gene profiles and regulatory elements. Single cell RNA seq and flow and mass cytometry analyses reveal compartmentalization of cytokine expression and metabolic activity within the three classical ILC subtypes and highlight transcriptional states beyond the current canonical classification. In addition, using antibiotic intervention and germ free mice, we characterize the effect of the microbiome on the ILC regulatory landscape and determine the response of ILCs to microbial colonization at the single cell level. Together, our work characterizes the spectrum of transcriptional identities of small intestinal ILCs and describes how ILCs differentially integrate signals from the microbial microenvironment to generate phenotypic and functional plasticity.
Small business, lending relationships and crisis: evidence from Indian micro data

Using data on Indian small and medium enterprises (SMEs) for 1996 2010, the paper investigates four issues: (a) the factors influencing lending relationships; (b) the cost of borrowings; (c) the effect of the financial crisis and (d) the impact of main bank ownership on SMEs. The findings indicate that small business typically maintain multiple banking relationships, which provide benefits in terms of lower borrowing costs. In addition, the analysis also suggests that firms associated with state owned main banks are less likely to forge multiple lending relationships. Finally, the results indicate that the number of banking relationships drop during crisis period, especially for state owned banks.
An Optimized Pairing Based Cryptography Library for Android

There are numerous pairing based cryptography (PBC) libraries available for desktop based applications. However, these libraries are mostly not compatible or not optimized for mobile phone operating systems (OS) such as Android. In this paper, we show the inconsistency on benchmarking result for Java based PBC libraries between Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM) Identifying the root cause, we present a new PBC library for Android, namely, mobile PBC (mPBC) which combines the strengths of several Java PBC libraries and optimized for Android's DVM. The mPBC library outperforms the existing Java based PBC libraries in DVM, yet as efficient as the fastest PBC library to date in the JVM. In particular, the pre processed Tate pairing operation in mPBC uses 426.11ms in DVM (Samsung GT N7000) and 4.50ms in JVM (Sager NP5160)
An overview of the health and management challenges of rural poultry stock in North Central Nigeria

Poultry production in rural areas is considered as an important source of livelihood for most rural communities. The objective of the present study was to investigate the major factors affecting production of rural poultry in three senatorial districts in North Central Nigeria namely Kwara Central, Kwara South and Kwara North.  The major factors affecting production of rural poultry were investigated using structured questionnaire to gather data on health and management practices between January to December 2014.  The socio economic characteristics of respondents showed that majority of rural poultry farmers are women and illiterate, that sourced fund from their personal savings, relations and friends. The study also showed that seasonal variation and disease significantly influenced poultry production and its marketability.  There is the need to put in place enabling environment to encourage commercialization of rural poultry production in Nigeria and globally. http:/dx.doi.org/10.5455/javar.2016.c127
The Digital Footprint of Academic Urologists: Where Do we Stand?
Venue: Urology

To characterize the digital footprint of academic urologists by examining their web search results and identifying patterns within them.  Faculty lists were obtained from the top 10 ranked Urology residency program websites. A standardized Google search for "First Name Last Name Degree" was then completed for each staff physician. The total number of results and type of sites returned were recorded and patterns contained within identified.  A total of 247 staff physicians were identified, with 13 36 per institution. A median of 11 (interquartile range: 10 12) search results returned for each person. Most (number 231) staff had at least 1 rating site returned, with a mean of 3.50 (standard deviation: 1.45) noted. Overall, 3.44 (1.39) pages related to the practice were listed. Social media use was poorly visible, with a median 0 [0 1] results listed and only 7 Twitter accounts observed. More than half of sites, 6.34 (1.87) on average, were physician controllable content. Having certain types of results was significantly associated with fewer ratings sites. Having an additional degree was also associated with significantly fewer ratings sites and more sites with physician controllable content.  The digital footprint of academic urologists contains more physician controllable content than noncontrollable information; however, social media visibility in this group is poor. Optimization of the digital identity of academic urologists may be possible by exploiting the patterns observed in this study.
Oral antimicrobial peptides: Types and role in the oral cavity
Venue: Saudi pharmaceutical journal SPJ the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a wide ranging class of host defense molecules that act early to contest against microbial invasion and challenge. These are small cationic peptides that play an important in the development of innate immunity. In the oral cavity, the AMPs are produced by the salivary glands and the oral epithelium and serve defensive purposes. The aim of this review was to discuss the types and functions of oral AMPs and their role in combating microorganisms and infections in the oral cavity.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity often overexpresses p16 but is rarely driven by human papillomavirus.
Venue: Oral oncology

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a causal and prognostic factor for oropharyngeal cancer, but its role in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (SCCOC) is unclear. We sought to clarify HPV's role in SCCOC.  Patients with newly diagnosed SCCOC (N=460) were prospectively recruited, treated, and followed at one institution. p16/HPV status was determined by p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC) (N=210) PCR based HPV 16/18 E6/7 DNA testing (N=403) and/or HPV in situ hybridization (ISH) (N=178) Kaplan Meier curves and log rank tests were used to compare survival by p16/HPV status.  p16 expression was detected in 30% of tumors (62/210) and HPV 16/18 E6/7 DNA in 28% (114/403) although correlation between these two assays was poor (r= 0.01) Patients with p16 positive tumors were more likely to be younger and have primary tumors of the oral tongue. Only 4% of tumors (7/171) were positive for HPV by ISH. Comparisons of patients with p16 positive and p16 negative tumors, patients with HPV positive and HPV negative tumors by PCR, and patients with HPV positive and HPV negative tumors by ISH showed no significant differences in disease specific or disease free survival by p16/HPV status. When we applied a more stringent definition of HPV positivity based on a combination of assay results, only 10 of 166 tumors were HPV positive, and there were no significant differences in demographic, exposure, clinical, or survival characteristics between these patients and the 156 HPV negative patients.  Very few patients with SCCOC have HPV driven tumors. SCCOC that overexpresses p16 may be a unique subset deserving of further study.
Trends in oral cavity cancer incidence, mortality, survival and treatment in the Netherlands
Venue: International journal of cancer

Information on epidemiology is essential to evaluate care for the growing group of oral cancer patients. We investigated trends in incidence, mortality and relative survival rates for oral cavity cancer (OCC) and its subsites in the Netherlands from 1991 to 2010, and relate these to changes in stage and treatment. Patient (age, sex) tumour (subsite, stage) and treatment characteristics of patients diagnosed with OCC (ICD O 3: C02 C06) in 1991 2010 were extracted from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Incidence, mortality and 5 year relative survival rates over time are presented, as well as trends in type of treatment. The incidence of OCC increased with +1.2% (95%CI: +0.9%+1.6% per year: more strongly in women, stage I and IV disease, and in cancers of the tongue and gum. The mortality rate slightly rose +0.8% 95%CI: +0.3%+1.3% per year) but differed by subsite. The 5 year relative survival improved from 57% in 1991 1995 to 62% in 2006 2010. The 5 year relative survival was better for women compared with men (64% and 55% respectively) decreased with increasing stage, was the best for tongue cancer (63% and the worst for cancer of the gum (56% and floor of mouth cancer (55% The relative excess risk of dying was higher for non surgery based treatments. Surgery was the main treatment option and the proportion of "surgery only" rose in stage I and III disease. The incidence and, to a lesser extent, mortality of OCC are increasing and therefore, even with slightly improving survival rates, OCC is an increasingly important health problem.