nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Physical inactivity among physiotherapy undergraduates: exploring the knowledge practice gap
Venue: BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation

BackgroundPhysical inactivity is a common risk factor for several non communicable diseases (NCDs) Increasing physical activity could reduce the burden of disease due to major NCDs and increase life expectancy. Undergraduate physiotherapy students represent a group of young adults expected to have a good knowledge of physical activity. We evaluated physical activity levels of undergraduate physiotherapy students of University of Colombo, Sri Lanka and determined their motives and barriers for participation in physical activity.MethodsAll physiotherapy undergraduates studying at the University of Colombo, Sri Lanka in 2013 were invited for the study. Phase one was a quantitative study to evaluate the physical activity levels and phase two was a qualitative study to identify motives and barriers for physical activity and sports in the same cohort. Physical activity levels (phase 1) were assessed using the interviewer administered International Physical Activity Questionnaire (long version) The qualitative study (phase 2) was conducted in the same population using Focus Group Discussions (n 3) and individual In depth Interviews (n 5).ResultsSample size in phase 1 and phase 2 were 113 (response rate 98% [N 115] and 87 (response rat 97% [N 90] respectively. Mean age SD) of participants was 23.4 1 years. The mean weekly total MET minutes SD) of the study population was 1791.25 3097. According to the IPAQ categorical score a higher percentage of participants were 'inactive' (48.7% while only 15.9% were in the 'Highly active' group. Lack of support and encouragement received during childhood to engage in sports activity seem to have played an important role in continuing their exercise behavior through to the adult life. Academic activities were given priority by both parents and teachers. The environment and support from teachers, family and friends were important to initiate and adhere to sports and physical activity.ConclusionsA higher percentage of participants were 'inactive' in spite of belonging to a group which is presumed to be knowledgeable regarding the benefits of physical activity. A significant negative attitude towards physical activity was observed in this cohort of young adults. This seems to stem from earlier in life, due to lack of support and motivation for physical exercise and sports, received during primary and secondary schooling. This negative attitude has become a significant 'internal' barrier, which has not been changed in spite of their education.
Gen Y customer loyalty in online shopping: An integrated model of trust, user experience and branding
Venue: Comput. Hum. Behav.

Generational theory posits that generational cohorts develop similar attitudes and beliefs. Gen Y, Millennials, will become the largest customer segment for hotels worldwide. This group likes to travel and prefers to spend money on experiences rather than materialistic items. Their responses to online marketing is expected to be different as they process website information five times faster than older generations and are the most emotional and least loyal customers compared to all other generations. The aim of this research is to develop and test a comprehensive model that explains how Gen Y develops loyalty to a hotel booking website. To test the research model, an online survey was distributed to a systematic random sample of 2500 Gen Yers. Findings highlight that trust is the most important antecedent of e loyalty in online shopping for Gen Y customers. Brand equity is also a key precursor of e loyalty. Finally, a positive online experience (flow) is also a significant precursor of e loyalty for this cohort. Gen Y has emerged as an enormous force with growing spending power.Their responses to online shopping is different from other cohorts.Trust is the most important antecedent of e loyalty for Gen Y customers.Brand equity is also a key precursor of e loyalty.Flow is also a significant precursor of e loyalty for this cohort.
Dealer Balance Sheets and Bond Liquidity Provision

Do regulations decrease dealer ability to intermediate trades? Using a unique dataset of dealer bond level transactions, we link changes in liquidity of individual U.S. corporate bonds to dealers' transaction activity and balance sheet constraints. We show that, prior to the financial crisis, bonds traded by more levered institutions and institutions with investment bank like characteristics were more liquid but this relationship reverses after the financial crisis. In addition, institutions that face more regulations after the crisis both reduce their overall volume of trade and have less ability to intermediate customer trades.
The Interdependent Network Design Problem for Optimal Infrastructure System Restoration
Venue: Comput. Aided Civ. Infrastructure Eng.

This study introduces the Interdependent Network Design Problem (INDP) concerned with defining the minimum cost reconstruction strategy of a partially destroyed system of infrastructure networks, subject to budget, resources, and operational constraints, while considering interdependencies between them. To solve the INDP, the authors develop an efficient Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) model, which considers different types of interdependency while exploiting efficiencies from joint restoration due to colocation for the first time. The authors also propose heuristic methodologies based on simulation and the iterative use of the INDP model, to enable studying problems with additional complexity, such as accounting for uncertainty from possible disaster scenarios, or determining not only what to reconstruct but the order of reconstruction. Such methodologies enable the analysis of expected costs and performance associated to reconstruction of the system of networks, providing an effective tool for infrastructure decision makers. To exemplify the capabilities of the presented INDP based methodologies, the authors study the process of restoration of a set of interdependent networks after hypothetical earthquakes in Shelby County, TN, United States. Results show that the INDP based approaches that account for time dependent recovery converge to quasi optimal solutions in all 16 configurations studied, considering four different resource levels and four different earthquake magnitudes. Similarly, as desired in emergency response scenarios, the rate of performance recovery is high in the early reconstruction stages, recovering more than 85% of performance in the first stage in a worst case scenario.
Integration of theory courses and design studio in architectural education using sustainable development

Sustainable development has been approved by many experts as the only suitable model for the growth of the next generation. Education has a valuable role to distribute sustainable approach to all subject fields like architecture. Sustainable development is gaining a central position in the conceptual framework of architectural education in universities. Universities are complex organizations that are frequently quite stable in the short term, but inevitably evolving over the longer term in response to changes in the societies. At the moment, there are various debates for changing non renewable with more renewable and efficient architectural design strategies. Architectural Design has always attempted to merge the practicalities of engineering, technology, culture, and economy with the subtle elements of interface, social concerns and aesthetic desire. It has a crucial place for to engage with the sustainable strategies that provide countless environmental, economic, community, health and safety benefits. The education of the students about opportunities, risks, benefits and scientific knowledge of sustainable approach provide valuable contribution towards integral relationships. The theory lessons concentrate mainly on climate, thermal comfort, materials, and optimization of performance, environment and energy fields. Curriculum, knowledge and the teaching methods are connected with each other, especially on the search for the innovative ideas. As innovative ideas emerge, data available for the design process increases. However, such new data cannot be integrated to the design education as desired by current conventional teaching methods in a reliable context. At some points, this situation inhibits the creation of innovative ideas in architectural design. In order to acquire such data and to flourish a sustainable society accordingly, fast and efficient access to knowledge databases is needed. In this study, the research evaluates the current architectural education in Yasar University and suggests a proposal for the integration of theoretical courses and design studio under Sustainable Development.
The Influence of Facebook Engagement on Relationship Quality and Consumer Behavior in the National Basketball Association

This study investigated the relationships between fans' engagement with their favorite teams' Facebook pages, relationship quality with their favorite team, and purchase and referral intentions using relationship marketing as a framework. Results indicated that individuals who engaged more on Facebook also had greater relationship quality. Additionally, a higher level of engagement with teams' Facebook pages had a significant, positive impact on purchase intentions. The indirect effects of Facebook engagement on purchase and referral intentions as mediated by relationship quality were significant and positive. In summary, Facebook engagement had a positive impact on fans' relationship quality and purchase and referral intentions.
Under the influence of Facebook? Excess use of social networking sites and drinking motives, consequences, and attitudes in college students
Venue: Journal of behavioral addictions

Excessive use of social networking sites (SNS) has recently been conceptualized as a behavioral addiction (i.e. "disordered SNS use" using key criteria for the diagnosis of substance dependence and shown to be associated with a variety of impairments in psychosocial functioning, including an increased risk of problem drinking. This study sought to characterize associations between "disordered SNS use" and attitudes towards alcohol, drinking motives, and adverse consequences resulting from alcohol use in young adults.  Undergraduate students (n 537, 64.0% female, mean age 19.63 years, SD 4.24) reported on their use of SNSs and completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Temptation and Restraint Inventory, Approach and Avoidance of Alcohol and Drinking Motives Questionnaires, and Drinker Inventory of Consequences.  Respondents meeting previously established criteria for "disordered SNS use" were significantly more likely to use alcohol to cope with negative affect and to conform to perceived social norms, reported significantly more conflicting (i.e. simultaneous positive and negative) attitudes towards alcohol, and had experienced significantly more, and more frequent adverse consequences from drinking in their inter and intrapersonal, physical, and social functioning, compared to individuals without problems related to SNS use.  Findings add to an emerging body of literature suggesting a link between excess or maladaptive SNS use and problems related to alcohol in young adults and point to emotion dysregulation and coping motives as potential shared risk factors for substance and behavioral addictions in this demographic.
Review of Recent Type 2 Fuzzy Controller Applications
Venue: Algorithms

Type 2 fuzzy logic controllers (T2 FLC) can be viewed as an emerging class of intelligent controllers because of their abilities in handling uncertainties; in many cases, they have been shown to outperform their Type 1 counterparts. This paper presents a literature review on recent applications of T2 FLCs. To follow the developments in this field, we first review general T2 FLCs and the most well known interval T2 FLS algorithms that have been used for control design. Certain applications of these controllers include robotic control, bandwidth control, industrial systems control, electrical control and aircraft control. The most promising applications are found in the robotics and automotive areas, where T2 FLCs have been demonstrated and proven to perform better than traditional controllers. With the development of enhanced algorithms, along with the advancement in both hardware and software, we shall witness increasing applications of these frontier controllers.
SMARTbot: A Behavioral Analysis Framework Augmented with Machine Learning to Identify Mobile Botnet Applications
Venue: PloS one

Botnet phenomenon in smartphones is evolving with the proliferation in mobile phone technologies after leaving imperative impact on personal computers. It refers to the network of computers, laptops, mobile devices or tablets which is remotely controlled by the cybercriminals to initiate various distributed coordinated attacks including spam emails, ad click fraud, Bitcoin mining, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) disseminating other malwares and much more. Likewise traditional PC based botnet, Mobile botnets have the same operational impact except the target audience is particular to smartphone users. Therefore, it is import to uncover this security issue prior to its widespread adaptation. We propose SMARTbot, a novel dynamic analysis framework augmented with machine learning techniques to automatically detect botnet binaries from malicious corpus. SMARTbot is a component based off device behavioral analysis framework which can generate mobile botnet learning model by inducing Artificial Neural Networks' back propagation method. Moreover, this framework can detect mobile botnet binaries with remarkable accuracy even in case of obfuscated program code. The results conclude that, a classifier model based on simple logistic regression outperform other machine learning classifier for botnet apps' detection, i.e 99.49% accuracy is achieved. Further, from manual inspection of botnet dataset we have extracted interesting trends in those applications. As an outcome of this research, a mobile botnet dataset is devised which will become the benchmark for future studies.
Experimental Evaluation of Unicast and Multicast CoAP Group Communication
Venue: Sensors

The Internet of Things (IoT) is expanding rapidly to new domains in which embedded devices play a key role and gradually outnumber traditionally connected devices. These devices are often constrained in their resources and are thus unable to run standard Internet protocols. The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is a new alternative standard protocol that implements the same principals as the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) but is tailored towards constrained devices. In many IoT application domains, devices need to be addressed in groups in addition to being addressable individually. Two main approaches are currently being proposed in the IoT community for CoAP based group communication. The main difference between the two approaches lies in the underlying communication type: multicast versus unicast. In this article, we experimentally evaluate those two approaches using two wireless sensor testbeds and under different test conditions. We highlight the pros and cons of each of them and propose combining these approaches in a hybrid solution to better suit certain use case requirements. Additionally, we provide a solution for multicast based group membership management using CoAP.
The Berlin Brain Computer Interface: Progress Beyond Communication and Control
Venue: Front. Neurosci.

The combined effect of fundamental results about neurocognitive processes and advancements in decoding mental states from ongoing brain signals has brought forth a whole range of potential neurotechnological applications. In this article, we review our developments in this area and put them into perspective. These examples cover a wide range of maturity levels with respect to their applicability. While we assume we are still a long way away from integrating Brain Computer Interface (BCI) technology in general interaction with computers, or from implementing neurotechnological measures in safety critical workplaces, results have already now been obtained involving a BCI as research tool. In this article, we discuss the reasons why, in some of the prospective application domains, considerable effort is still required to make the systems ready to deal with the full complexity of the real world.
A new genomic library of melon introgression lines in a cantaloupe genetic background for dissecting desirable agronomical traits
Venue: BMC Plant Biology

BackgroundGenomic libraries of introgression lines (ILs) consist of collections of homozygous lines with a single chromosomal introgression from a donor genotype in a common, usually elite, genetic background, representing the whole donor genome in the full collection. Currently, the only available melon IL collection was generated using Piel de sapo (var. inodorus) as the recurrent background. ILs are not available in genetic backgrounds representing other important market class cultivars, such as the cantalupensis. The recent availability of genomic tools in melon, such as SNP collections and genetic maps, facilitates the development of such mapping populations.ResultsWe have developed a new genomic library of introgression lines from the Japanese cv. Ginsen Makuwa (var. makuwa) into the French Charentais type cv. Vedrantais (var. cantalupensis) genetic background. In order to speed up the breeding program, we applied medium throughput SNP genotyping with Sequenom MassARRAY technology in early backcross generations and High Resolution Melting in the final steps. The phenotyping of the backcross generations and of the final set of 27 ILs (averaging 1.3 introgressions/plant and covering nearly 100 of the donor genome) in three environments, allowed the detection of stable QTLs for flowering and fruit quality traits, including some that affect fruit size in chromosomes 6 and 11, others that change fruit shape in chromosomes 7 and 11, others that change flesh color in chromosomes 2, 8 and 9, and still others that increase sucrose content and delay climacteric behavior in chromosomes 5 and 10.ConclusionsA new melon IL collection in the Charentais genetic background has been developed. Genomic regions that consistently affect flowering and fruit quality traits have been identified, which demonstrates the suitability of this collection for dissecting complex traits in melon. Additionally, pre breeding lines with new, commercially interesting phenotypes have been observed, including delayed climacteric ripening associated to higher sucrose levels, which is of great interest for Charentais cultivar breeding.
Environmental Friendly Ways to Generate Renewable Energy from Municipal Solid Waste

Economic growth and rapid urbanization are resulting into increase in generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) In India, approximately 68 MT of MSW generated annually in urban areas and more than 80% is disposed in unhygienic manner leading to problems of health and environment to inhabitants. To manage MSW, there is a need to plan infrastructure development. There are many technologies available for handling MSW which treat plastic to convert fuel oil by gasification, pyrolysis, biomethanation and catalytic conversions. The useful products like liquid fuels, chemicals and power are being generated through these processes. The final products need to comply with environmental regulations and demand a lot of technological improvement. Based on MSW/feed quality, there is a need to identify the suitable technology for converting MSW into useful products, which can meet the statuary regulations. Hence, treating MSW, converting into useful products and selection of suitable technology is a big challenge. The present paper focuses to compare: All suitable treatment technologies and products generated from MSW. Types of thermal treatments like combustion/incineration, gasification and pyrolysis. It also highlights development of a systematic approach to comply with all environmental regulations to create value for all types of MSW and reduce landfill.
Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants Used for the Treatment of Skin Disease in Keffi, Nigeria

The study was aimed at surveying the Ethnobotanical plants used traditionaly to cure skin diseases in Keffi Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria.  Administration of structured questionnaires /interview were employed. Herb sellers, traditional medicine practitioners, farmers and aged people were the respondents. Plant species were photographed and identified at the Department of Biology, Nasarawa State University, Keffi Nigeria.  A total number of 40 plants species belonging to 30 families were observed to be used in treatment of Skin diseases such as eczema, rashes, wounds, boils, acne, and measles. The family Euphorbiaceae provided the largest plants species (4) followed by Compositeae (3) Rutaceae (2) Malvaceae (2) Liliaceae (2) Asteraceae (2) and Poaceae (2) The other plant families have one member each in the distribution of species within the families. Example of some plants in this families include Jatropha curcas, Tridax procumbens, Citrus aurantium, Sida acuta, Aloe vera, Chromolena adorata, Cymbopogon citratus, Mangifera indica, Azadirachta indica etc. The preparation methods of this herbal recipe includes infusion (7) which is mostly used method, grinding (6) followed closely and then decoction (2) while (6) others are applied directly. The result shows that plants leaves are the most commonly used part (35) followed by seeds and sap (3) then stem bark has (2) and oil (1) The result also reveals that Keffi residents view herbal treatments as more effective and cheaper compared to the orthodox medicine.  Medicinal plants used in this area form a rich source of indigenous knowledge which can function for therapeutic purposes.