nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
Ferulic acid reverses ABCB1 mediated paclitaxel resistance in MDR cell lines.
Venue: European journal of pharmacology

Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains a major obstacle in cancer chemotherapy. The use of the dietary phytochemicals as chemosensitizing agents to enhance the efficacy of conventional cytostatic drugs has recently gained the attention as a plausible approach for overcoming the drug resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a naturally occurring diet based phenolic acid, ferulic acid, could sensitize paclitaxel efficacy in ABCB1 overexpressing (P glycoprotein) colchicine selected KB Ch(R)8 5 cell line. In vitro drug efflux assays demonstrated that ferulic acid inhibits P glycoprotein transport function in drug resistant KB Ch(R)8 5 cell lines. However, ferulic acid significantly downregulates ABCB1 expression in a concentration dependent manner. Cytotoxicity assay reveals that ferulic acid decreased paclitaxel resistance in KBCh(R)8 5 and HEK293/ABCB1 cells, which indicates its chemosensitizing potential. Clonogenic cell survival assay and apoptotic morphological staining further confirm the chemosensitizing potential of ferulic acid in drug resistant KB Ch(R)8 5 cell lines. Ferulic acid treatment enhances paclitaxel mediated cell cycle arrest and upregulates paclitaxel induced apoptotic signaling in KB resistant cells. Hence, it has been concluded that downregulation of ABCB1 and subsequent induction of paclitaxel mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptotic signaling may be the cause for the chemosensitizing potential of ferulic acid in P gp overexpressing cell lines.
Energy Efficient Real Time Human Activity Recognition on Smart Mobile Devices
Venue: Mob. Inf. Syst.

Nowadays, human activity recognition (HAR) plays an important role in wellness care and context aware systems. Human activities can be recognized in real time by using sensory data collected from various sensors built in smart mobile devices. Recent studies have focused on HAR that is solely based on triaxial accelerometers, which is the most energy efficient approach. However, such HAR approaches are still energy inefficient because the accelerometer is required to run without stopping so that the physical activity of a user can be recognized in real time. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for HAR process that controls the activity recognition duration for energy efficient HAR. We investigated the impact of varying the acceleration sampling frequency and window size for HAR by using the variable activity recognition duration (VARD) strategy. We implemented our approach by using an Android platform and evaluated its performance in terms of energy efficiency and accuracy. The experimental results showed that our approach reduced energy consumption by a minimum of about 44.23% and maximum of about 78.85% compared to conventional HAR without sacrificing accuracy.
The role of complexity metrics in a multi institutional dosimetry audit of VMAT.
Venue: The British journal of radiology

To demonstrate the benefit of complexity metrics such as the modulation complexity score (MCS) and monitor units (MUs) in multi institutional audits of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) delivery.  VMAT treatment plans were analysed using MCS and MU. A virtual phantom planning exercise was planned and independently measured using the PTW Octavius((r) phantom and seven29((r) 2D array (PTW Freiburg GmbH, Freiburg, Germany) MCS and MU were compared with the median gamma index pass rates (2%/2 and 3%/3 mm) and plan quality. The treatment planning systems (TPS) were grouped by VMAT modelling being specifically designed for the linear accelerator manufacturer's own treatment delivery system (Type 1) or independent of vendor for VMAT delivery (Type 2) Differences in plan complexity (MCS and MU) between TPS types were compared. ) linear accelerators (Varian((r) Medical Systems, Inc. Palo Alto, CA) MCS and MU were significantly correlated with gamma pass rates. Type 2 TPS created poorer quality, more complex plans with significantly higher MUs and MCS than Type 1 TPS. Plan quality was significantly correlated with MU for Type 2 plans. A statistically significant correlation was observed between MU and MCS for all plans (R 0.84, p 0.01) CONCLUSION MU and MCS have a role in assessing plan complexity in audits along with plan quality metrics. Plan complexity metrics give some indication of plan deliverability but should be analysed with plan quality. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Complexity metrics were investigated for a national rotational audit involving 34 institutions and they showed value. The metrics found that more complex plans were created for planning systems which were independent of vendor for VMAT delivery.
Techno economic assessment of membrane assisted fluidized bed reactors for pure H2 production with CO2 capture

This paper addresses the techno economic assessment of two membrane based technologies for H2 production from natural gas, fully integrated with CO2 capture. In the first configuration, a fluidized bed membrane reactor (FBMR) is integrated in the H2 plant: the natural gas reacts with steam in the catalytic bed and H2 is simultaneously separated using Pd based membranes, and the heat of reaction is provided to the system by feeding air as reactive sweep gas in part of the membranes and by burning part of the permeated H2 (in order to avoid CO2 emissions for heat supply) In the second system, named membrane assisted chemical looping reforming (MA CLR) natural gas is converted in the fuel rector by reaction with steam and an oxygen carrier (chemical looping reforming) and the produced H2 permeates through the membranes. The oxygen carrier is re oxidized in a separate air reactor with air, which also provides the heat required for the endothermic reactions in the fuel reactor. The plants are optimized by varying the operating conditions of the reactors such as temperature, pressures (both at feed and permeate side) steam to carbon ratio and the heat recovery configuration. The plant design is carried out using Aspen Simulation, while the novel reactor concepts have been designed and their performance have been studied with a dedicated phenomenological model in Matlab. Both configurations have been designed and compared with reference technologies for H2 production based on conventional fired tubular reforming (FTR) with and without CO2 capture. The results of the analysis show that both new concepts can achieve higher H2 yields than conventional plants (12 20% higher) The high electricity consumptions of membrane based plants are associated with the required low pressure at the retentate side. However, the low energy cost for the CO2 separation and compression makes the overall reforming efficiency from 4% to 20% higher than conventional FTR with CO2 scrubbing. FBMR and MA CLR show better performance than FTR with CO2 capture technology in terms of costs mainly because of lower associated CAPEX. The cost of H2 production reduces from 0.28 EUR/Nm3H2 to 0.22 EUR/Nm3H2 (FBMR) and 0.19 EUR/Nm3H2 (MA CLR)
Home Language Skills of the Third Generation Turkish Dutch Bilingual Children in the Netherlands

With the aim of investigating the role of first language skills in second language acquisition and school achievement in the immigration context, this study presents the findings of the home language skills of the third generation Turkish Dutch bilingual children (n=24) living in the Netherlands by comparing them with their monolingual peers (n=24) living in Turkey. Turkish language skills of the bilingual and monolingual group have been tested through word definition, word order repetition, grammaticality judgment, syntagmatic and paradigmatic word relations, lexical comprehension, lexical production and semantic fluency tasks. The results reveal that the bilingual children lag behind their monolingual peers in word definition, semantic fluency, syntagmatic word relations and lexical production tasks. The causes can be attributed to limited first language input and lack of institutional support for immigrant languages, which may lead to problems on children's concept and cognitive development besides second language acquisition.
Using Main as a Tool to Access and Evaluate Grammatical Knowledge in a Weaker Language: a Case of Swedish Russian Bilingual Children Who Attend Mother Tongue Instruction

The purpose of this chapter is to show how MAIN (Gagarina et al. 2012) can be used as assessment instrument for testing grammatical knowledge in young bilingual children, with special focus on identifying bilingual features in the weaker language's morpho syntax, that can be qualitatively different than in monolingual acquisition and thus needs a different educational approach. It is important for parents and educators to be aware of the underlying problems of the bilingual children's language abilities in order to give them adequate and effective assistance. In order to do this, they need an instrument that is easy to administer and use. MAIN has all the prerequisites of being such an instrument but not in its present form. In order for MAIN to be used in teaching, a shorter version should be developed. Eleven Swedish Russian bilingual children, aged 6 12 years and living in the Stockholm area, were the subjects of this study and provide new data that enables us to gain fundamentally new insights into the process of bilingual language acquisition in the situation when one of the languages is dominant, while the other is weaker and requires, therefore, as much support as possible. Such support can only be given in formal teaching, and home language classes can be seen as the most appropriate platform for providing such instruction.
Using Multi Criteria Analyses and BIM to evaluate design solutions of complex buildings A case study in automated KPI checking in the early desing phase

The overall objective of the EU supported ELASSTI C project is to improve security, safety and resilience of large scale mult ifunctional building complexes against natural and man made disasters. T his improvement is done by providing a methodology and tools which evaluate criteria of security, safety, as well as other criteria, and apply them t o early design concepts and therefore planning phase of such projects. The deve lopment of a decision support tool based on Multi Criteria Analysis was cr eated to facilitate this. Using this tool, designers and stakeholders can see imm diate impact and trade offs in design changes on the performance of the building. This paper is an explanation to the use of MCA tool and what the p ossibilities are regarding
Predictors of Third Molar Impaction
Venue: Journal of dental research

The objective of this meta analysis was to evaluate the prevalence of third molar (M3) impaction worldwide in individuals =17 y, from either sex, who had undergone oral radiography and presented with no orofacial syndromes or defects. We performed a literature search using PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar and retrieved English and non English articles from any period for review. We included studies reporting M3 impaction prevalence based on radiographic examination. Risk of bias was assessed regarding individuals with craniofacial syndromes, prior extraction of permanent teeth, multiple effect size estimates, and studies conflating lack of eruption with impaction. Our search yielded 49 studies involving 83,484 individuals. Worldwide M3 impaction prevalence was found to be 24.40% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 18.97% to 30.80% The odds of M3 impaction in the mandible were 57.58% (95% CI: 43.3% to 68.3% P 0.0001) higher than in the maxilla, but we did not detect any difference in the odds of impaction between men and women (18.62% 95% CI: 4.9% to 48.0% P 0.12) Mesioangular impaction was most common (41.17% 95% CI: 33.8% to 49.0% followed by vertical (25.55% 95% CI: 20.0% to 32.0% distoangular (12.17% 95% CI: 9.1% to 16.0% and horizontal (11.06% 95% CI: 8.3% to 14.6% Impaction of 1 (42.71% 95% CI: 30.0% to 56.5% or 2 (29.64% 95% CI: 19.5% to 42.3% M3s was much more common than 3 (12.04% 95% CI: 7.2% to 19.3% or 4 (8.74% 95% CI: 5.2% to 14.5% There were small differences among impaction prevalence depending on geographic region (F test, P 0.049) Selection bias was evident because individuals had to undergo radiographic examination to be included in the analysis. The subgroup analysis by sex was underpowered. Worldwide M3 impaction prevalence is lower than previously reported. The percentage of individuals with impacted M3s is much smaller than the percentage that undergoes clinical treatment for M3 problems.
Do Corticosteroids Still Have a Role in the Management of Third Molar Surgery?
Venue: Advances in Therapy

IntroductionThe use of corticosteroids to reduce the post operative sequelae of lower third molar surgery, namely pain, swelling and trismus, has been well studied by many researchers over the past 6 decades. This study reviewed the reported outcome of corticosteroids used in controlling the above sequalae after third molar surgery. PubMed, Medline, EMBASE and Google search was undertaken of all controlled clinical trials on the effects of corticosteroids on pain, swelling and trismus after lower third molar surgery. The review was limited to studies published over the last 10 years (2006 2015).ResultsOf the 46 initially retrieved articles, 34 were finally included. Eleven studies compared the effect of 2 similar (but different dose) or different group of corticosteroids. Thirty one studies reported the effects of corticosteroids on all sequale, 2 reported the outcome on swelling and trismus and another 1 on swelling and pain only. In 16 of the studies, corticosteroid use resulted in significant reductions in pain after third molar removal. Twenty two out of 29 studies reported reduced swelling against negative control while 18 out of 25 studies reported improved mouth opening. Fourteen studies reported the benefit of corticosteroids on all 3 sequelae, with 71.4% resulted from the use of methylprednisolone.ConclusionAlthough there are some conflicting effects, the results of this analysis shows in general the benefits derived from short term use of corticosteroids in relation to pain, swelling and trismus following third molar surgical extraction, with no side effects observed.FundingThis work was supported by the University of Malaya's High Impact Research grant UM.C/625/1/HIR/MOHE/05.
Long term morbidities of coronectomy on lower third molar.
Venue: Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology

To monitor the long term morbidity of retained roots up to 5 years following lower third molars coronectomy with close proximity to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) STUDY DESIGN A prospective study on long term morbidities after lower third molar coronectomy.  This study included 612 lower third molar coronectomies in 458 patients. The prevalence of IAN injury was 0.16% (1/612) and was temporary. Long term postoperative infection occurred in 1 case at 6 months following surgery and another at 12 months. No infection was found after 12 months. The incidence rates of pain at 6 months, 12 months, 24 months after surgery were 0.50% (3/596) 0.38% (2/529) 0.49% (2/411) respectively. Root exposure was noted in 2.3% of cases (14/612) Reoperation to remove the exposed root did not cause any IAN deficit.  Lower third molar coronectomy is safe in the long term.
External root resorption of the second molar associated with mesially and horizontally impacted mandibular third molar: evidence from cone beam computed tomography
Venue: Clinical Oral Investigations

aim of the present study was to assess the incidence and risk factors of ERR in second molars with mesially and horizontally impacted mandibular third molars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images from patients in a Chinese tertiary referral hospital.Materials and methodsA total number of 216 patients with 362 mesially and horizontally impacted mandibular third molars who were treated at our institution from 2014 to 2015 was retrospectively included. The ERR in second molars was identified on CBCT multiplanar images. The associations between incidence of ERR and multiple clinical parameters were statistically analyzed by Chi square test. Moreover, the risk factors for ERR in second molars were further assessed by multivariate regression analysis.ResultsThe overall incidence of ERR in second molars was 20.17 (73/362) as detected on CBCT images. The presence of ERR significantly associated with patients age and impaction depth of mandibular third molars. However, no significant relationship was found between ERR severity and impaction depth or ERR location. Multivariate regression analyses further revealed age over 35 years and impaction depth as important risk factors affecting the ERR incidence caused by mesial and horizontal impaction of mandibular third molar.ConclusionsERR in second molar resulted from mesially and horizontally impacted mandibular third molar is not very rare and can be reliably identified via CBCT scan.Clinical relevanceGiven the possibility of ERR associated with third molar impaction, the prophylactic removal of these impacted teeth could be considered especially for those patients with over 35 years and mesially and horizontally impacted teeth.
A fast image encryption algorithm based on chaotic map

Derived from Sine map and iterative chaotic map with infinite collapse (ICMIC) a new two dimensional Sine ICMIC modulation map (2D SIMM) is proposed based on a close loop modulation coupling (CMC) model, and its chaotic performance is analyzed by means of phase diagram, Lyapunov exponent spectrum and complexity. It shows that this map has good ergodicity, hyperchaotic behavior, large maximum Lyapunov exponent and high complexity. Based on this map, a fast image encryption algorithm is proposed. In this algorithm, the confusion and diffusion processes are combined for one stage. Chaotic shift transform (CST) is proposed to efficiently change the image pixel positions, and the row and column substitutions are applied to scramble the pixel values simultaneously. The simulation and analysis results show that this algorithm has high security, low time complexity, and the abilities of resisting statistical analysis, differential, brute force, known plaintext and chosen plaintext attacks.
Tropical Peatland of the World

In the tropics peat occurs mostly in sub coastal lowlands and is formed from rainforest trees and associated higher plants. There are regional differences in the plant species involved and there are also changes with increase in altitude with a tendency to lower growing and more low temperature tolerant plants. The best estimate of the area of tropical peatland is 441,025 km2 which is about 11 of the global peatland resource, although there is a wide range of estimate from 387,201 to 657, 430 km2 depending upon whether or not all Histosols and shallow organic soils are included. Current inventories of peatland area, peat thickness and carbon stores leave much to be desired and their accuracy varies not only from region to region but also country to country. The largest area of tropical peatland and peat carbon store is in Southeast Asia with 56 of the former and 77 of the latter owing to the large extent of peatlands and the considerable thickness of peat (regularly exceeding 10 m) in this region. Following Southeast Asia, South America contains the next largest area (24 of peatland but a smaller proportion of the global tropical peatland carbon store because of the thinner peat deposits. Africa contributes 13 of the global area and 8 of the carbon store, while Central America and the Caribbean, Mainland Asia and Australia and the Pacific contribute only 5 1 and <1 respectively and only 3 of the carbon store, collectively. Tropical peatlands are now being subjected to intensive land use change and conversion to forms of agriculture including commercial plantations. This is well advanced in Southeast Asia, especially Indonesia and Malaysia where most of the peatland area has already been deforested, drained and converted often using fire as a land clearance tool. Apart from losses of biodiversity there have been immense emissions of greenhouse gases and large losses of carbon from the peat store, contributing to climate change processes. Other regions are further behind in these environmentally damaging impacts on the tropical peatland resource.
Tropical Peatland Burn Depth and Combustion Heterogeneity Assessed Using UAV Photogrammetry and Airborne LiDAR
Venue: Remote. Sens.

We provide the first assessment of tropical peatland depth of burn (DoB) using structure from motion (SfM) photogrammetry, applied to imagery collected using a low cost, low altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system operated over a 5.2 ha tropical peatland in Jambi Province on Sumatra, Indonesia. Tropical peat soils are the result of thousands of years of dead biomass accumulation, and when burned are globally significant net sources of carbon emissions. The El Nino year of 2015 saw huge areas of Indonesia affected by tropical peatland fires, more so than any year since 1997. However, the Depth of Burn (DoB) of these 2015 fires has not been assessed, and indeed has only previously been assessed in few tropical peatland burns in Kalimantan. Therefore, DoB remains arguably the largest uncertainty when undertaking fire emissions calculations in these tropical peatland environments. We apply a SfM photogrammetric methodology to map this DoB metric, and also investigate combustion heterogeneity using orthomosaic photography collected using the UAV system. We supplement this information with pre burn airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data, reducing uncertainty by estimating pre burn soil height more accurately than from interpolation of adjacent unburned areas alone. Our pre and post fire Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) show accuracies of 0.04 and 0.05 m (root mean square error, RMSE) respectively, compared to ground based global navigation satellite system (GNSS) surveys. Our final DoB map of a 5.2 ha degraded peat swamp forest area neighboring Berbak National Park (Sumatra, Indonesia) shows burn depths extending from close to zero to over 1 m, with a mean 1s) DoB of 0.23 0.19 m. This lies well within the range found by the few other studies available (on Kalimantan; none are available on Sumatra) Our combustion heterogeneity analysis suggests the deepest burns, which extend to ~1.3 m, occur around tree roots. We use these DoB data within the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) default equation for fire emissions to estimate mean carbon emissions as 134 29 t*Cha 1 for this peatland fire, which is in an area that had not had a recorded fire previously. This is amongst the highest per unit area fuel consumption anywhere in the world for landscape fires. Our approach provides significant uncertainty reductions in such emissions calculations via the reduction in DoB uncertainty, and by using the UAV SfM approach this is accomplished at a fraction of the cost of airborne LiDAR albeit over limited sized areas at present. Deploying this approach at locations across Indonesia, sampling a variety of fire affected landscapes, would provide new and important DoB statistics for producing optimized carbon and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions estimates from peatland fires.