nils-herrmann/clean_scirepeval huggingface dataset:
A new approach to target dependent sentiment analysis with onto fuzzy logic
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Engineering and Technology (ICETECH)

Sentiment analysis is the process of identifying people's point of view and its impact on them. It determines whether apiece of writing is positive, negative, or neutral. Now a days one of the most common tool for sharing opinion is the Internet. This opinion may be different moods of people or reviews about products and so on. People share their views on social networking websites which proves to be an important source of information. Twitter is one of the most popular social networking website where people post their opinion in the form of tweets. The proposed onto fuzzy logic system provides a new approach where it uses hash tag level sentiment classification of tweets along with fuzzy logic. Sentiment analysis done with fuzzy logic will help any person to take effective decision according to the product or service of their interest.
Setting a National Agenda for Surgical Disparities Research: Recommendations From the National Institutes of Health and American College of Surgeons Summit.
Venue: JAMA surgery

Health care disparities (differential access, care, and outcomes owing to factors such as race/ethnicity) are widely established. Compared with other groups, African American individuals have an increased mortality risk across multiple surgical procedures. Gender, sexual orientation, age, and geographic disparities are also well documented. Further research is needed to mitigate these inequities. To do so, the American College of Surgeons and the National Institutes of Health National Institute of Minority Health and Disparities convened a research summit to develop a national surgical disparities research agenda and funding priorities. Sixty leading researchers and clinicians gathered in May 2015 for a 2 day summit. First, literature on surgical disparities was presented within 5 themes: (1) clinician, (2) patient, (3) systemic/access, (4) clinical quality, and (5) postoperative care and rehabilitation related factors. These themes were identified via an exhaustive preconference literature review and guided the summit and its interactive consensus building exercises. After individual thematic presentations, attendees contributed research priorities for each theme. Suggestions were collated, refined, and prioritized during the latter half of the summit. Breakout sessions yielded 3 to 5 top research priorities by theme. Overall priorities, regardless of theme, included improving patient clinician communication, fostering engagement and community outreach by using technology, improving care at facilities with a higher proportion of minority patients, evaluating the longer term effect of acute intervention and rehabilitation support, and improving patient centeredness by identifying expectations for recovery. The National Institutes of Health and American College of Surgeons Summit on Surgical Disparities Research succeeded in identifying a comprehensive research agenda. Future research and funding priorities should prioritize patients' care perspectives, workforce diversification and training, and systematic evaluation of health technologies to reduce surgical disparities.
Weakly supervised object detection with correlation and part suppression
Venue: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

In weakly supervised object detection, conventional methods treat object location in each image as a latent variable and use non convex optimization to solve the latent variable. However, as the optimization objective is image level instead of sample level, the learning procedure tends to choose object parts as false positive samples. Furthermore, when multiple classes of objects appear in the same images, the models could invite class correlations and lose discriminative capability. In this paper, we propose a simple but effective suppression strategy that mines hard negative samples in the learning procedure to ease the above problems. We propose using a spatial voting strategy to help finding negative samples to suppress the impact of object parts. We also use regions from class correlated images as negative samples to suppress the impact of class correlations. Experiments show that our approach significantly improves the baseline by 6% and achieves state of the art performance.
Optimising thermal sensor placement and thermal maps reconstruction for microprocessors using simulated annealing algorithm based on PCA
Venue: IET Circuits Devices Syst.

Using embedded thermal sensors, high performance microprocessors employ dynamic thermal management techniques to measure runtime thermal behaviour so as to prevent thermal runaway situations. However, on chip thermal sensors are highly susceptible to noise, which results in a higher probability of false alarms and unnecessary responses. In this study, the authors propose a set of methods based on principal component analysis (PCA) to address the problem of recovering precisely the full thermal map from the on chip thermal sensors when the sensor readings have been corrupted by noise. The authors utilise simulated annealing algorithm to devise method that determines the optimal thermal sensor locations, which can obtain superior results compared with the available literature. On this basis, the authors also propose a practical method for full thermal reconstruction to estimate the accurate temperatures of full chip, which would not need to know a priori temperature information at each spatial distribution of thermal map. The experimental results confirm that the authors' proposed methods are stable in the case of noisy thermal sensor observations, which can achieve a high fidelity thermal monitoring.
LINX(r) magnetic esophageal sphincter augmentation versus Nissen fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review and meta analysis
Venue: Surgical Endoscopy

BackgroundThe LINX(r) magnetic sphincter augmentation system (MSA) is a surgical technique with short term evidence demonstrating efficacy in the treatment of medically refractory or chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Currently, the Nissen fundoplication is the gold standard surgical treatment for GERD. We are the first to systematically review the literature and perform a meta analysis comparing MSA to the Nissen fundoplication.MethodsA comprehensive search of electronic databases (e.g. MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library) using search terms "Gastroesophageal reflux or heartburn" and "LINX or endoluminal or magnetic" and "fundoplication or Nissen" was completed. All randomized controlled trials, non randomized comparison study and case series with greater than 5 patients were included. Five hundred and forty seven titles were identified through primary search, and 197 titles or abstracts were screened after removing duplicates. Meta analysis was performed on postoperative quality of life outcomes, procedural efficacy and patient procedural satisfaction.ResultsThree primary studies identified a total of 688 patients, of whom 273 and 415 underwent Nissen fundoplication and MSA, respectively. MSA was statistically superior to LNF in preserving patient's ability to belch (95.2 vs 65.9% p 0.00001) and ability to emesis (93.5 vs 49.5% p 0.0001) There was no statistically significant difference between MSA and LNF in gas/bloating (26.7 vs 53.4% p 0.06) postoperative dysphagia (33.9 vs 47.1% p 0.43) and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) elimination (81.4 vs 81.5% p 0.68).ConclusionMagnetic sphincter augmentation appears to be an effective treatment for GERD with short term outcomes comparable to the more technically challenging and time consuming Nissen fundoplication. Long term comparative outcome data past 1 year are needed in order to further understand the efficacy of magnetic sphincter augmentation.
Esophagogastric junction distensibility is greater following Toupet compared to Nissen fundoplication
Venue: Surgical Endoscopy

BackgroundThe goal of antireflux surgery is to create a competent antireflux valve at the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) The two most common types of fundoplications constructed are the 360deg Nissen and the 270deg Toupet. We sought to determine whether there was a significant difference in distensibility at the EGJ based on fundoplication geometry (full vs. partial).MethodsThis is a retrospective review of prospective data. All subjects underwent laparoscopic fundoplication over a 47 month period for primary GERD or failed fundoplication. An endoluminal functional luminal imaging probe (EndoFLIP(r) was used to assess EGJ distensibility intraoperatively. Minimum esophageal diameter (Dmin) cross sectional area (CSA) and distensibility index (DI) were measured at 30 and 40 mL balloon distension volumes prior to abdominal insufflation, after hiatal dissection, and following fundoplication. DI is defined as the narrowest CSA divided by the corresponding pressure expressed in mm2/mmHg. Analysis was conducted to compare distensibility metrics based on the type of fundoplication constructed (Nissen or Toupet) As a secondary outcome, we sought to determine whether there was a difference in distensibility of the EGJ prior to surgery in patients with primary GERD as opposed to those with recurrent GERD after a failed fundoplication. total of 75 patients underwent fundoplications during the study interval. There were 44 primary and 31 reoperative fundoplications. Nissen fundoplication was constructed in 45 and Toupet in 30. Based on the distensibility index, the EGJ distensibility significantly decreased from prior to surgery to following fundoplication in all patients. Patients undergoing reoperative antireflux surgery had an initial DI at the EGJ similar to that of patients with primary GERD. Following Toupet, the EGJ was significantly more distensible than that after Nissen fundoplication.ConclusionsLaparoscopic fundoplication results in decreased EGJ distensibility in patients with GERD. The EGJ following partial fundoplication is significantly more distensible than that after a full fundoplication.
Laparoscopic versus open Nissen fundoplication in children: A systematic review and meta analysis.
Venue: Journal of pediatric surgery

To systematically review and meta analyze studies that have compared the clinical outcomes of laparoscopic and open Nissen fundoplication on children.  Online databases were searched to identify studies that have compared the laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) and open Nissen fundoplication (ONF) on children, looking specifically for operative time, time to full feed, redo fundoplication rates and total postoperative complications including wound infection, retching, and airway complications.  Of those 916 patients in the 9 selected studies, 557 and 359 patients had undergone LNF and ONF, respectively; and LNF had significant longer operative time and less total postoperative complications including retching and airway complications than ONF. However, no significant difference in time to full feed, wound infection, and redo fundoplication rates was found between LNF and ONF in children.  LNF is a safe, feasible, and effective surgical procedure alternative to ONF for gastroesophageal reflux in children. Compared with ONF, LNF has the advantage of less total postoperative complications including retching and airway complications. In addition, LNF is comparable to ONF in terms of time to full feed, wound infection, and redo fundoplication rates. Therefore, we conclude that LNF should be regarded as an acceptable option for children.
Nissen Fundoplication for Laryngopharyngeal Reflux After Patient Selection Using Dual pH, Full Column Impedance Testing
Venue: The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology

Prior studies demonstrate inconsistent diagnostic strategies for laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPR) patients who are offered laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (Nissen) Superior symptom resolution outcomes are demonstrated in patients with accompanying typical gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) symptoms. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of selecting patients with LPR complaints for Nissen using full column, dual pH impedance catheters (multichannel intraluminal impedance catheters [MII]  All patients who underwent Nissen for management of LPR symptoms refractory to at least 3 months of twice daily (BID) proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy with reflux symptom index (RSI) of 13 or higher and who had demonstrable reflux on MII were included. Pre and (minimum) 16 week post Nissen RSI scores as well as LPR specific complaints were collected.  Eleven patients met criteria. Nine subjects (5 female, 4 male) had complete data. All 9 (100% achieved improvement in RSI. The average pre Nissen RSI was 31.7, and average post Nissen RSI was 10 (P .001) Six (67% subjects dropped below an RSI of 13. Seven subjects (78% had resolution of their primary LPR symptom, and 6 (67% subjects had resolution of all LPR symptoms.  Patients with LPR who are selected using dual pH and full column impedance are likely to demonstrate improvement in RSI following Nissen.
Optimizing Semi Honest Secure Multiparty Computation for the Internet
Venue: IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch.

In the setting of secure multiparty computation, a set of parties with private inputs wish to compute some function of their inputs without revealing anything but their output. Over the last decade, the efficiency of secure two party computation has advanced in leaps and bounds, with speedups of some orders of magnitude, making it fast enough to be of use in practice. In contrast, progress on the case of multiparty computation (with more than two parties) has been much slower, with very little work being done. Currently, the only implemented efficient multiparty protocol has many rounds of communication (linear in the depth of the circuit being computed) and thus is not suited for Internet like settings where latency is not very low. In this paper, we construct highly efficient constant round protocols for the setting of multiparty computation for semi honest adversaries. Our protocols work by constructing a multiparty garbled circuit, as proposed in BMR (Beaver et al. STOC 1990) Our first protocol uses oblivious transfer and constitutes the first concretely efficient constant round multiparty protocol for the case of no honest majority. Our second protocol uses BGW, and is significantly more efficient than the FairplayMP protocol (Ben David et al. CCS 2008) that also uses BGW. We ran extensive experimentation comparing our different protocols with each other and with a highly optimized implementation of semi honest GMW. Due to our protocol being constant round, it significantly outperforms GMW in Internet like settings. For example, with 13 parties situated in the Virginia and Ireland Amazon regions and the SHA256 circuit with 90,000 gates and of depth 4000, the overall running time of our protocol is 25 seconds compared to 335 seconds for GMW. Furthermore, our online time is under half a second compared to 330 seconds for GMW.
Fans and Fan Cultures: Tourism, Consumerism and Social Media

Exploring the ambiguous relationship between fandom and consumer culture, this book provides a critical overview of fans, fan cultures and fan experiences in relation to the broader experience and transformation economy. Fans and Fan Cultures discusses key theoretical concepts concerning celebrity, fandoms, subculture, consumerism and marketing through a range of examples in film, travel and tourism, football and music. With an emphasis on social media, and how various online platforms are utilised by brands, artists and fans, the authors explore how this type of communication often contributes to trivialising authentic expressions of cultural and social values and identities.
Year in review: bicuspid aortopathy
Venue: Current opinion in cardiology

This article outlines the key research contribution to bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) aortopathy over the past 18 months. Recent findings Investigators have further defined the current gaps in knowledge and the scope of the clinical problem of BAV aortopathy. Support for aggressive resection strategies is waning as evidence mounts to suggest that BAV is not similar to genetic connective tissue disorders with respect to aortic risks. The role of cusp fusion patterns and valve mediated hemodynamics in disease progression is a major area of discovery. Molecular and cellular mechanisms remain elusive and contradictory.  BAV aortopathy is a major public health problem that remains poorly understood. New insights on valve mediated hemodynamics using novel imaging modalities may lead to more individualized resection strategies and improved clinical guidelines.
The Simplest and Smallest Network on Which the Ford Fulkerson Maximum Flow Procedure May Fail to Terminate
Venue: J. Inf. Process.

Ford and Fulkerson's labeling method is a classic algorithm for maximum network flows. The labeling method always terminates for networks whose edge capacities are integral (or, equivalently, rational) On the other hand, it might fail to terminate if networks have an edge with an irrational capacity. Ford and Fulkerson also gave an example of such networks on which the labeling method might fail to terminate. However, their example has 10 vertices and 48 edges and the flow augmentation is a little bit complicated. Simpler examples have been published in the past. In 1995, Zwick gave two networks with 6 vertices and 9 edges and one network with 6 vertices and 8 edges. The latter is the smallest, however, the calculation of the irrational capacity requires some effort. Thus, he called the former the simplest. In this paper, we show the simplest and smallest network in Zwick's context. Moreover, the irrational edge capacity of our example can be arbitrarily assigned while those in the all previous examples are not. This suggests that many real valued networks might fail to terminate.
Comparing Recurrence and Complications After Laparoscopy and Laparotomy Surgery among Patients Suffering from Colorectal Cancer, Shiraz, Iran.
Venue: Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention APJCP

The goal of this study was to compare the rate of recurrence and occurrence of complications in colorectal cancer patients after two kinds of laparoscopy and laparotomy.  A followup study was carried out among 358 patients who suffered from colorectal cancer from 20122014. The data were gathered from colorectal research center in Shiraz, Shahid Faghihi hospital, and analyzed using the chisquare test, logistic regression, and multinomial regression.  The average age of these patients was 56.3+ 14.6, 55.0% being men. Moreover, 57.8% of them underwent laparoscopy surgery and 42.2% of the patients underwent laparotomysurgery and the conversion rate was 58.0% which ultimately was put under the category of laparotomy surgery. After biennial median followup, differences in the occurrence of complications such as bleeding (hemorrhage) fever, intestine blockage and wound infection in these two kinds of surgery werestatistically significant (P<0.05) However, the rate of recurrence and the patients' ultimate status (alive without disease, alive with disease, and death) did not significantly differ between these two surgery groups.  Post operation complications were laparoscopy surgery were less than those in laparotomy. However, the outcomes such as patients' ultimate status and recurrence were similar between the two groups.
Alterations in Cerebral Cortical Glucose and Glutamine Metabolism Precedes Amyloid Plaques in the APPswe/PSEN1dE9 Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Venue: Neurochemical Research

Alterations in brain energy metabolism have been suggested to be of fundamental importance for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) However, specific changes in brain energetics in the early stages of AD are poorly known. The aim of this study was to investigate cerebral energy metabolism in the APPswe/PSEN1dE9 mouse prior to amyloid plaque formation. Acutely isolated cerebral cortical and hippocampal slices of 3 month old APPswe/PSEN1dE9 and wild type control mice were incubated in media containing [U 13C]glucose, [1,2 13C]acetate or [U 13C]glutamine, and tissue extracts were analyzed by mass spectrometry. The ATP synthesis rate of isolated whole brain mitochondria was assessed by an on line luciferin luciferase assay. Significantly increased 13C labeling of intracellular lactate and alanine and decreased tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity were observed from cerebral cortical slices of APPswe/PSEN1dE9 mice incubated in media containing [U 13C]glucose. No changes in glial [1,2 13C]acetate metabolism were observed. Cerebral cortical slices from APPswe/PSEN1dE9 mice exhibited a reduced capacity for uptake and oxidative metabolism of glutamine. Furthermore, the ATP synthesis rate tended to be decreased in isolated whole brain mitochondria of APPswe/PSEN1dE9 mice. Thus, several cerebral metabolic changes are evident in the APPswe/PSEN1dE9 mouse prior to amyloid plaque deposition, including altered glucose metabolism, hampered glutamine processing and mitochondrial dysfunctions.
David Oliver: Don't undervalue non clinical work
Venue: British Medical Journal

Remember training? It takes 6 12 years after medical graduation and involves teaching, study, and serial exams. To become an effective consultant, learning through clinical practice isn't sufficient: it increasingly requires grounding in leadership, management, research, appraisal, and quality improvement. These skills are taught by existing consultants, taking time away from direct patient care. Consultant readiness is also partly acquired when juniors occasionally act as decision maker or team leader, when consultants are working away from the wards. I wonder whether one cause of poor morale in trainees is their close up view of what working life is now
Microchemical and microscopic characterization of the pictorial quality of egg tempera polyptych, late 14th century, Florence, Italy

This paper explores the added value of micro chemical and microscopic approaches to gather scientific evidence that can technically explain the pictorial quality of an egg tempera painting, and underpin assessments that otherwise would be based on naked eye observations only. Demonstration is here provided via the interdisciplinary investigation of the original technique used by Giovanni del Biondo in the polyptych Annunciation and Saints (1385 ca) Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence, Italy. The exquisite surface appearance makes this panel painting remarkable compared to artworks by coeval artists. Imaging techniques (UV, IR and IR false color) non invasive single spot techniques (XRF and FORS spectrometry) and analytical investigations on eight selected micro samples (ATR FTIR, GC/MS and Py/GC MS, ESEM EDS) were combined to retrieve the palette and identify organic binding media and a superficial coating layer. Stratigraphic and micro chemical data confirmed the use of a relatively simple egg tempera technique applied on a ground made of gypsum mixed with animal glue, without complex stratigraphic superimposition of preparation and pictorial layers. Various pigments were identified, among which is the precious lapis lazuli. While Py/GC MS highlight that the coating is made of dammar resin and honey mixed with animal glue, the results allow us to state that the painting was not intentionally varnished by Giovanni del Biondo. These outcomes shed a new light on the technical knowledge of this polyptych, and prove how challenging is the attempt to categorize egg tempera recipes used by ancient painters at the turn of the 14th century.