next-tat/TAT-QA huggingface dataset:
As of December 31,
2018
2019
Unearned revenue
38,680
48,183
Accrued off-hire
7,376
6,968
Accrued purchases
18,578
9,759
Accrued interest
38,107
36,746
Other accruals
24,709
34,586
Total
127,450
136,242

text: GasLog Ltd. and its Subsidiaries
Notes to the consolidated financial statements (Continued)
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019
(All amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars, except share and per share data)
text: 14. Other Payables and Accruals
text: An analysis of other payables and accruals is as follows:
text: The unearned revenue represents charter hires received in advance in December 2019 relating to the hire period of January 2020 for 22 vessels (December 2018: 17 vessels).

Questions:
question: What does unearned revenue represent for 2019?
answer: The unearned revenue represents charter hires received in advance in December 2019 relating to the hire period of January 2020 for 22 vessels
question: In which years was the other payables and accruals recorded for?
answer: 2018
2019
question: How many vessels were hired in 2018?
answer: 17 vessels
question: In which year was the accrued interest higher?
answer: 2018
derivation: 38,107 > 36,746
question: What was the change in accrued purchases from 2018 to 2019?
answer: -8819
derivation: 9,759 - 18,578 
scale: thousand
question: What was the percentage change in total payables and  accruals from 2018 to 2019?
answer: 6.9
derivation: (136,242 - 127,450)/127,450 
scale: percent
2019
2018
£m
£m
Present value of funded obligations
20.0
19.7
Fair value of plan assets
(22.2)
(21.0)
Effect of surplus cap
2.2
1.3
Net asset recognised in the Consolidated balance sheet
–
–

text: Amounts recognised in the balance sheet are as follows:
text: The surplus of £2.2m (2018: £1.3m) has not been recognised as an asset as it is not deemed to be recoverable by the Group.

Questions:
question: What has not been recognised as an asset in 2019?
answer: surplus of £2.2m
question: Why is the surplus not recognised as an asset?
answer: as it is not deemed to be recoverable by the Group
question: What are the components considered under the Net asset recognised in the Consolidated balance sheet?
answer: Present value of funded obligations
Fair value of plan assets
Effect of surplus cap
question: In which year was the Effect of surplus cap larger?
answer: 2019
derivation: 2.2>1.3
question: What was the change in effect of surplus cap in 2019 from 2018?
answer: 0.9
derivation: 2.2-1.3
scale: million
question: What was the percentage change in effect of surplus cap in 2019 from 2018?
answer: 69.23
derivation: (2.2-1.3)/1.3
scale: percent
December 31,
2019
2018
Ingredients
$ 1,942
$ 1,580
Packaging
2,230
2,072
Finished goods
2,220
2,165
Total inventories, net
$ 6,392
$ 5,817

text: Note 3 – Inventories, net
text: Inventories consisted of the following:

Questions:
question: What is the value of ingredients in 2019?
answer: 1,942
question: What is the value of packaging in 2019?
answer: 2,230
question: What is the value of finished goods in 2019?
answer: 2,220
question: What is the percentage change in ingredients between 2018 and 2019?
answer: 22.91
derivation: (1,942-1,580)/1,580
scale: percent
question: What is the change in finished goods between 2018 and 2019?
answer: 55
derivation: 2,220-2,165
question: What is the average value of packaging for years 2018 and 2019?
answer: 2151
derivation: (2,230+2,072)/2
2019
2018
£m
£m
Property, plant and equipment
251.2
230.8
Right-of-use assets (IFRS 16)
40.8
–
Prepayments
0.9
6.2
Inventories
185.9
160.6
Trade receivables
240.7
245.1
Other current assets
35.3
32.9
Tax recoverable
8.4
4.6
Trade, other payables and current provisions
(178.3)
(172.0)
Current tax payable
(26.7)
(23.7)
Capital employed
558.2
484.5
Average capital employed
521.4
482.2
Average capital employed (excluding IFRS 16)
501.0
482.2
Operating profit
245.0
299.1
Adjustments (see adjusted operating profit on page 160)
37.7
(34.2)
Adjusted operating profit
282.7
264.9
Adjusted operating profit (excluding IFRS 16)
281.4
264.9
Return on capital employed
54.2%
54.9%
Return on capital employed (excluding IFRS 16)
56.2%
54.9%

text: 2 Alternative performance measures continued
text: Return on capital employed (ROCE)
text: ROCE measures effective management of fixed assets and working capital relative to the profitability of the business. It is calculated as adjusted operating profit divided by average capital employed. More information on ROCE can be found in the Capital Employed and ROCE sections of the Financial Review on page 57.
text: An analysis of the components is as follows:

Questions:
question: What does ROCE measure?
answer: effective management of fixed assets and working capital relative to the profitability of the business
question: How is ROCE calculated?
answer: adjusted operating profit divided by average capital employed
question: What are the components factored in when calculating the adjusted operating profit?
answer: Operating profit
Adjustments
question: In which year was the amount of other current assets larger?
answer: 2019
derivation: 35.3>32.9
question: What was the change in the adjusted operating profit in 2019 from 2018?
answer: 17.8
derivation: 282.7-264.9
scale: million
question: What was the percentage change in the adjusted operating profit in 2019 from 2018?
answer: 6.72
derivation: (282.7-264.9)/264.9
scale: percent
Year ended March 31, 
2019
2018
2017
Tax at statutory rate
19.0%
19.0%
20.0%
U.S. state taxes, net of federal
31.1
14.1
(1.0)
Foreign rate differential  
26.3
36.8
(39.3)
Meals and entertainment  
(11.4)
(3.1)
(7.4)
Branch income / loss  
(0.6)
0.4
0.9
Share-based compensation
172.3
105.3
(4.0)
Foreign exchange  
—
—
(24.8)
Non-deductible interest expense  
—
—
(3.3)
Tax credits
7.7
8.1
15.6
Unremitted earnings  
(3.8)
(1.2)
—
Change in valuation allowance  
(249.9)
(110.7)
124.7
Deferred tax true-ups  
(3.5)
8.4
(12.4)
Tax reserves  
(4.9)
(21.5)
(117.7)
Provision to return  
(0.1)
0.4
(0.7)
Withholding taxes  
(2.6)
(3.5)
—
Other foreign taxes  
—
—
(6.7)
Non-deductible expenses  
(5.2)
(2.4)
(10.6)
Deferred tax rate change  
(6.3)
(77.8)
(1.3)
Acquisition related costs  
(7.6)
—
—
Other  
(0.5)
(0.2)
—
Effective Tax Rate  
(40.0)%
(27.9)%
(68.0)%

text: The reconciliation of the United Kingdom statutory tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations is as follows:
text: Although the Company’s parent entity is organized under Jersey law, our affairs are, and are intended to be, managed and controlled ongoing in the United Kingdom. Therefore, the Company is resident in the United Kingdom for tax purposes. The Company’s parent entity is domiciled in the United Kingdom and its earnings are subject to 19%, 19% and 20% statutory tax rate for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
text: The Company’s effective tax rate differs from the statutory rate each year primarily due to windfall tax benefits on equity award exercises, the valuation allowance maintained against the Company’s net deferred tax assets, the jurisdictional earnings mix, tax credits, withholding taxes, and other permanent differences primarily related to non-deductible expenses.

Questions:
question: Which country controls the company's affairs?
answer: United Kingdom
question: What is the reason for the company's effective tax to differ from the statutory rate?
answer: primarily due to windfall tax benefits on equity award exercises, the valuation allowance maintained against the Company’s net deferred tax assets, the jurisdictional earnings mix, tax credits, withholding taxes, and other permanent differences primarily related to non-deductible expenses.
question: What was the Tax at statutory rate in 2019, 2018 and 2017 respectively?
answer: 19.0%
19.0%
20.0%
question: What was the change in the U.S. state taxes, net of federal from 2018 to 2019?
answer: 17
derivation: 31.1 - 14.1
scale: percent
question: What was the average Share-based compensation between 2017-2019?
answer: 91.2
derivation: (172.3 + 105.3 - 4.0) / 3
scale: percent
question: In which year was Tax credits less than 10.0?
answer: 2019
2018
derivation: locate and analyze Tax credits in row 11
2019
2018
Buildings and improvements
$23,717
$23,717
Machinery and equipment 
12,293
10,995
Capital assets in progress
11,831
7,747
Total property, plant and equipment held under capital leases, gross
47,841
42,459
Less: accumulated amortization 
(8,762)
(6,123)
Total property, plant and equipment held under capital leases, net
39,079
36,336

text: 3. Property, Plant and Equipment
text: Assets held under capital leases and included in property, plant and equipment as of September 28, 2019 and September 29, 2018 consisted of the following (in thousands):
text: Amortization of assets held under capital leases totaled $3.8 million, $3.4 million and $3.0 million for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Capital lease additions totaled $6.7 million, $11.8 million, and $20.5 million for fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
text: As of September 28, 2019, September 29, 2018 and September 30, 2017, accounts payable included approximately $10.0 million, $11.2 million and $10.8 million, respectively, related to the purchase of property, plant and equipment, which have been treated as non-cash transactions for purposes of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Questions:
question: What was the Amortization of assets held under capital leases in 2017?
answer: 3.0
scale: million
question: What was the amount of capital assets in progress in 2018?
answer: 7,747
scale: thousand
question: What was the net Total property, plant and equipment held under capital leases in 2019?
answer: 39,079
scale: thousand
question: How many years did the Capital assets in progress exceed $10,000 thousand?
answer: 1
derivation: 2019
question: What was the change in the gross Total property, plant and equipment held under capital leases between 2018 and 2019?
answer: 5382
derivation: 47,841-42,459
scale: thousand
question: What was the percentage change in the accumulated amortization between 2018 and 2019?
answer: 43.1
derivation: (-8,762-(-6,123))/-6,123
scale: percent
Years Ended December 31,
Change
2019
2018
$
%
(dollars in thousands)
Research and development
$17,845
$22,450
$(4,605)
(21)%
Percent of revenues, net
36%
38%

text: Research and Development
text: Research and development expenses in 2019 decreased by $4.6 million, or 21%, as compared to 2018. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in the number of full-time research and development personnel, resulting in a decrease of $3.1 million in compensation expense and $0.6 million in allocated facilities and information technology costs as compared to 2018. We did not incur restructuring costs in 2019, as compared to 2018 when $0.1 million was incurred as part of the 2018 Restructuring Plan (refer to Note 4 of the accompanying consolidated financial statements). Finally, the decrease was further driven by lower professional fees of $0.6 million, as we reduced the number of research and development contractors as compared to 2018.

Questions:
question: What is the decrease in research and development expenses in 2019?
answer: $4.6 million
question: What led to the decrease in research and development expenses in 2019?
answer: reduction in the number of full-time research and development personnel
question: What are the respective values of research and development expenses in 2018 and 2019?
answer: $22,450
$17,845
scale: thousand
question: What is the total research and development expenses in 2018 and 2019?
answer: 40295
derivation: 22,450 + 17,845 
scale: thousand
question: What is the average research and development expense in 2018 and 2019?
answer: 20147.5
derivation: (22,450 + 17,845)/2 
scale: thousand
question: What is the value of the change in research and development expenses as a percentage of the company's 2018 expenses?
answer: 20.51
derivation: 4,605/22,450 
scale: percent
Fiscal Year Ended June 30,
2019
2018
2017
(U.S. $ in thousands)
*As Adjusted
*As Adjusted
Americas
$603,959
$439,363
$317,432
EMEA
474,712
347,509
193,790
Asia Pacific
131,456
94,106
115,462
$1,210,127
$880,978
$626,684

text: Disaggregated revenue
text: The Group’s revenues by geographic region based on end-users who purchased our products or services are as follows:
text: Revenues from the United States totaled approximately $529 million, $386 million, and $281 million for the fiscal years ended 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. Revenues from our country of domicile, the United Kingdom, totaled approximately $86 million, $63 million, and $46 million for the fiscal years ended 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. No one customer has accounted for more than 10% of revenue for the fiscal years ended 2019, 2018, and 2017.

Questions:
question: What are the revenue amounts from the United States for fiscal years ended 2017, 2018 and 2019 respectively?
answer: $281 million
$386 million
$529 million
question: What are the revenue amounts from the United Kingdom for fiscal years ended 2017, 2018 and 2019 respectively?
answer: $46 million
$63 million
$86 million
question: What is the revenue amount from Asia Pacific for fiscal year ended 2019?
answer: 131,456
scale: thousand
question: In fiscal year ended 2019, how many geographic regions have more than $500,000 thousand of revenues?
answer: 1
derivation: Americas
question: What is the percentage constitution of the revenues from Asia Pacific among the total revenues in fiscal year ended 2017?
answer: 18.42
derivation: 115,462/626,684
scale: percent
question: What is the difference in the revenues from Asia Pacific between fiscal years ended 2018 and 2019?
answer: 37350
derivation: 131,456-94,106
scale: thousand
Year ended December 31,
Variance
2019
2018
2017
2019 v. 2018
2018 v. 2017
Cash flows provided by operating activities
$378.3
$435.5
$351.1
$(57.2)
$84.4
Cash flows used in investing activities
(551.0)
(144.1)
(84.7)
(406.9)
(59.4)
Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities
167.8
(287.3)
(384.1)
455.1
96.8
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
$(4.9)
$4.1
$(117.7)
$(9.0)
$121.8

text: Cash Flows
text: The following table provides a summary of cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities (in millions):
text: Operating Activities
text: The $57.2 million decrease in cash provided by operating activities in 2019 compared to 2018 is primarily related to the timing and amount of cash receipts for Trade receivables, net, higher payments primarily related to income taxes and incentive bonus, and the timing of payments for Trade accounts payable and other accrued liabilities. The $84.4 million increase in cash provided by operating activities in 2018 compared to 2017 was primarily related to increased earnings excluding the prior year effect of the Tax Reform Act and the timing and amount of cash receipts for Trade receivables, net.
text: Investing Activities
text: The $406.9 million increase in cash used in investing activities in 2019 compared to 2018 is primarily related to our D&B Investment and our acquisition of Compass Analytics. The $59.4 million increase in cash used in investing activities in 2018 compared to 2017 was primarily related to the HeavyWater and Ernst acquisitions and higher capital expenditures in 2018.
text: Financing Activities
text: The $455.1 million increase in cash provided by financing activities in 2019 compared to 2018 is primarily related to an incremental borrowing to fund our D&B Investment as well as fewer share repurchases. The $96.8 million decrease in cash used in financing activities in 2018 compared to 2017 was primarily related to tax distributions to BKFS LLC members and the senior notes redemption fee in 2017.

Questions:
question: What was the change in operating activities between 2018 and 2019?
answer: (57.2)
scale: million
question: What was the change in operating activities between 2017 and 2018? 
answer: 84.4
scale: million
question: Why did investing activities increase between 2017 and 2018?
answer: primarily related to the HeavyWater and Ernst acquisitions and higher capital expenditures in 2018.
question: What was the cash flows provided by operating activities in 2019 as a percentage of the cash flow in 2018?
answer: 86.87
derivation: 378.3/435.5
scale: percent
question: How many years was the Net  increase in cash and cash equivalents positive?
answer: 1
derivation: 2018
question: What was the percentage change in Cash flows provided by operating activities between 2018 and 2019?
answer: -13.13
derivation: (378.3-435.5)/435.5
scale: percent
December 31
2019
2018
Office equipment
$ 38,373
$ 39,633
Furniture and fixtures
5,017
4,610
Leasehold improvement
23,534
19,430
Property and equipment, gross
66,924
63,673
Less accumulated depreciation
(44,199 )
(49,355 )
Property and equipment, net
$ 22,725
$ 14,318

text: Property and Equipment
text: Property and equipment is recorded at cost and consists of furniture, computers, other office equipment, and leasehold improvements. We depreciate the cost of furniture, computers, and other office equipment on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives (five years for office equipment, seven years for furniture and fixtures). Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the lesser of their useful lives or the term of the lease. Depreciation and amortization expense for 2019, 2018, and 2017 was approximately $8.0 million, $8.6 million, and $9.1 million, respectively, and was included in “Depreciation and amortization” in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Amortization expense on intangible assets in 2019, 2018 and 2017 was immaterial.
text: Property and equipment, at cost, consist of the following (in thousands):

Questions:
question: How is the leasehold improvement depreciated?
answer: over the lesser of their useful lives or the term of the lease
question: What consists of property and equipment cost?
answer: furniture, computers, other office equipment, and leasehold improvements
question: What is the property and equipment, net in 2019?
answer: 22,725
scale: thousand
question: What is the change in depreciation and amortization cost between 2019 and 2018?
answer: 0.6
derivation: $8.6-8.0
scale: million
question: What is the change in office equipment cost in 2019 and 2018?
answer: 1260
derivation: $39,633-38,373
scale: thousand
question: What is the change in property and equipment, net cost in 2019 and 2018?
answer: 8407
derivation: $22,725-$14,318
scale: thousand
(In thousands)
2019
2018
2017
Balance at beginning of period
$1,868
$2,366
$2,226
Increases for tax position related to:
Prior years
—
3
465
Current year
161
254
285
Decreases for tax positions related to:
Prior years
(71)
—
(14)
Expiration of applicable statute of limitations
(471)
(755)
(596)
Balance at end of period
$1,487
$1,868
$2,366

text: During 2019, 2018 and 2017, no income tax benefit or expense was recorded for stock options exercised as an adjustment to equity.
text: The change in the unrecognized income tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is reconciled below:
text: As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, our total liability for unrecognized tax benefits was $1.5 million, $1.9 million and $2.4 million, respectively, of which $1.4 million, $1.7 million and $2.2 million, respectively, would reduce our effective tax rate if we were successful in upholding all of the uncertain positions and recognized the amounts recorded. We classify interest and penalties recognized on the liability for unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the balances of accrued interest and penalties were $0.5 million, $0.7 million and $0.8 million, respectively.
text: We do not anticipate a single tax position generating a significant increase or decrease in our liability for unrecognized tax benefits within 12 months of this reporting date. We file income tax returns in the U.S. for federal and various state jurisdictions and several foreign jurisdictions. We are not currently under audit by the Internal Revenue Service. Generally, we are not subject to changes in income taxes by any taxing jurisdiction for the years prior to 2016.

Questions:
question: What was the company's total liability for unrecognized tax benefits in 2019?
answer: $1.5 million
scale: million
question: What does the table show?
answer: change in the unrecognized income tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017
question: What is the  Balance at beginning of period for 2019?
answer: $1,868
scale: thousand
question: What was the change in the balance at the beginning of period between 2018 and 2019?
answer: -498
derivation: $1,868-$2,366
scale: thousand
question: What was the change in the balance at the end of period between 2018 and 2019?
answer: -381
derivation: $1,487-$1,868
scale: thousand
question: What was the percentage change in the expiration of applicable statute of limitations between 2017 and 2018?
answer: 26.68
derivation: (-755-(-596))/-596
scale: percent
2019
2018
£ million
£ million
Current
0.7
0.3
Non-current
0.1
0.8
0.8
1.1

text: 12. Government grants
text: The following government grants are included within creditors:
text: A government grant has been received to accelerate and support research and development in the vulnerability of global navigation satellite systems.

Questions:
question: What was the government grant received for?
answer: to accelerate and support research and development in the vulnerability of global navigation satellite systems
question: What was the amount of Current government grants in 2019?
answer: 0.7
scale: million
question: What are the types of government grants included within creditors?
answer: Current
Non-current
question: In which year was the amount of current government grants larger?
answer: 2019
derivation: 0.7>0.3
question: What was the change in the amount of current government grants?
answer: 0.4
derivation: 0.7-0.3
scale: million
question: What was the percentage change in the amount of current government grants?
answer: 133.33
derivation: (0.7-0.3)/0.3
scale: percent
Year Ended December 31,
2019
2018
Beginning of period balance
$11,176
$12,678
Revenue deferred and acquired in current period
6,127
3,954
Revenue recognized from amounts included in contract liabilities
(6,805)
(5,456)
End of period balance
$10,498
$11,176

text: Contract Liabilities
text: Contract liabilities include payments received in advance of performance under the contract, and are realized with the associated revenue recognized under the contract. The changes in our contract liabilities are as follows (in thousands):
text: The revenue recognized from amounts included in contract liabilities primarily relates to prepayment contracts with customers as well as payments of activation fees.

Questions:
question: What did contract liabilities include?
answer: payments received in advance of performance under the contract, and are realized with the associated revenue recognized under the contract.
question: What did the revenue recognized from amounts included in contract liabilities primarily related to?
answer: prepayment contracts with customers as well as payments of activation fees.
question: Which years does the table provide information for the changes in the company's contract liabilities?
answer: 2019
2018
question: What was the change in Revenue deferred and acquired in current period between 2018 and 2019?
answer: 2173
derivation: 6,127-3,954
scale: thousand
question: How many years did the Beginning of period balance exceed $11,000 thousand?
answer: 2
derivation: 2019##2018
question: What was the percentage change in the End of period balance between 2018 and 2019?
answer: -6.07
derivation: (10,498-11,176)/11,176
scale: percent