next-tat/TAT-QA huggingface dataset:
($ in millions)
At December 31:
2019
2018
Cash and cash equivalents
$ 1,697
$ 1,833
Net investment in sales-type and direct financing leases (1)
6,224
6,924
Equipment under operating leases— external clients (2)
238
444
Client loans
12,884
12,802
Total client financing assets
19,346
20,170
Commercial financing receivables
3,820
11,838
Intercompany financing receivables (3) (4)
3,870
4,873
Total assets
$29,568
$41,320
Debt
24,727
31,227
Total equity
$ 2,749
$ 3,470

text: Global Financing Financial Position Key Metrics
text: (1) Includes deferred initial direct costs which are eliminated in
IBM’s consolidated results.
text: (2) Includes intercompany mark-up, priced on an arm’s-length basis, on products purchased from the company’s product divisions which is eliminated in IBM’s consolidated results.
text: (3) Entire amount eliminated for purposes of IBM’s consolidated results and therefore does not appear in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
text: (4) These assets, along with all other financing assets in this table, are
leveraged at the value in the table using Global Financing debt.
text: At December 31, 2019, substantially all financing assets were IT-related assets, and approximately 62 percent of the total external portfolio was with investment-grade clients with no direct exposure to consumers, an increase of 7 points year to year. This investment-grade percentage is based on the credit ratings of the companies in the portfolio.
text: We have a long-standing practice of taking mitigation actions, in certain circumstances, to transfer credit risk to third parties, including credit insurance, financial guarantees, nonrecourse borrowings, transfers of receivables recorded as true sales in
accordance with accounting guidance or sales of equipment under operating lease. Adjusting for the mitigation actions, the investment-grade content would increase to 67 percent, a decrease of 3 points year to year.

Questions:
question: What percent of the total external portfolio was with investment-grade clients with no direct exposure to consumers?
answer: 62 percent
question: What will be the increase in the investment grade post adjusting for mitigation actions?
answer: 67 percent
question: What was the available cash in 2019?
answer: $ 1,697
scale: million
question: What is the increase / (decrease) in the cash from 2018 to 2019?
answer: -136
derivation: 1,697 - 1,833
scale: million
question: What is the average of Equipment under operating leases— external clients?
answer: 341
derivation: (238 + 444) / 2
scale: million
question: What is the percentage increase / (decrease) in Total client financing assets from 2018 to 2019? 
answer: -4.09
derivation: 19,346 / 20,170 - 1
scale: percent
Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
(Dollars in thousands)
SG&A expenses
$114,450
$94,876
$75,167
$62,586
$58,297
Depreciation and amortization expense (a)
9,551
7,977
6,901
5,859
5,008
Non-cash share-based compensation (b)
6,912
5,949
4,195
3,972
3,723
Launch expense (c)
4,563
3,540
3,066
2,813
2,626
Loss on disposal of equipment
649
—
—
—
—
Secondary offering expenses (d)
302
362
—
—
593
Leadership transition expenses (e)
—
—
63
1,291
—
Litigation expense (f)
—
348
145
—
—
Adjusted SG&A Expenses
$92,473
$76,698
$60,797
$48,651
$46,347
Adjusted SG&A Expenses as a % of Net Sales
37.6%
39.7%
39.9%
37.5%
40.8%

text: The following table provides a reconciliation of Adjusted SG&A to SG&A expenses, the most directly comparable financial measure presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP:
text: (a) Represents depreciation and amortization expense included in SG&A.
text: (b) Represents non-cash share-based compensation expense included in SG&A.
text: (c) Represents new store marketing allowance of $1,000 for each store added to our distribution network, as well as the non-capitalized freight costs associated with Freshpet Fridge replacements. The expense enhances the overall marketing spend to support our growing distribution network.
text: (d) Represents fees associated with secondary public offerings of our common stock.
text: (e) Represents charges associated with our former Chief Executive Officer’s separation agreement, as well as changes in estimates associated with leadership transition costs
text: (f) Represents fees associated with two securities lawsuits.

Questions:
question: What does launch expense represent?
answer: new store marketing allowance of $1,000 for each store added to our distribution network, as well as the non-capitalized freight costs associated with Freshpet Fridge replacements
question: What does secondary offering expenses represent?
answer: fees associated with secondary public offerings of our common stock
question: What does Leadership transition expenses represent?
answer: charges associated with our former Chief Executive Officer’s separation agreement, as well as changes in estimates associated with leadership transition costs
question: Which year had the greatest SG&A expenses?
answer: 2019
derivation: $114,450>$94,876>$75,167>$62,586>$58,297
question: Which year had the greatest adjusted SG&A expenses?
answer: 2019
derivation: $92,473>$76,698>$60,797>$48,651>$46,347
question: How many types of expenses are listed in the table?
answer: 8
derivation: SG&A expenses## Depreciation and amortization expense## Non-cash share-based compensation## Launch expense## Loss on disposal of equipment ## Secondary offering expenses## Leadership transition expenses ## Litigation expense
USDm
2019
2018
2017
Interest expenses:
-
-
-
Financial expenses arising from lease liabilities regarding right-of-use assets
2.4
2.3
1.8
Other financial expenses
39.5
37.0
38.8
Total
41.9
39.3
40.6

text: NOTE 7 - continued
text: Lease payments not recognized as a liability The Group has elected not to recognize a lease liability for short-term leases (leases of an expected term of 12 months or less) or for leases of low value assets. Payments made under such leases are expensed on a straight-line basis. The expenses relating to payments not recognized as a lease liability are insignificant.
text: Administrative expenses The total outflow for leases, USD 2.9m, is presented as “Depreciation” of USD 2.5m and “Financial expenses” (interest) of USD 0.4m, in contrast to the recording of an operating lease charge of a materially equivalent figure within the line item “Administrative expenses” under IAS 17.
text: Financial expenses
text: Financial expenses for the reporting periods:

Questions:
question: In which year was the amount of other financial expenses the largest?
answer: 2019
derivation: 39.5>38.8>37.0
question: What was the change in the total financial expenses in 2019 from 2018?
answer: 2.6
derivation: 41.9-39.3
scale: million
question: What was the percentage change in the total financial expenses in 2019 from 2018?
answer: 6.62
derivation: (41.9-39.3)/39.3
scale: percent
question: What does the table show?
answer: Financial expenses for the reporting periods
question: What is the total amount of financial expenses in 2019?
answer: 41.9
scale: million
question: What are the financial expenses under Interest Expenses in the table?
answer: Financial expenses arising from lease liabilities regarding right-of-use assets
Other financial expenses
Payments due by period
Contractual Cash Obligations (1)
Total
Less than 1 year
1-3 years
3-5 years
More than 5 years
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
Long-term debt
$23
$6
$11
$6
Operating leases
3,840
688
1,114
792
1,246
Retirement obligations (2)
95
10
20
20
44
Purchase obligations and other commitments (3)
286
206
61
12
6
Total
$4,244
$910
$1,206
$830
$1,296

text: Obligations and Commitments
text: As of August 31, 2019, we had the following obligations and commitments to make future payments under contracts, contractual obligations and commercial commitments:
text: Amounts in table may not total due to rounding.
text: The liability related to unrecognized tax benefits has been excluded from the contractual obligations table because a reasonable estimate of the timing and amount of cash outflows from future tax settlements cannot be determined. For additional information, see Note 10 (Income Taxes) to our Consolidated Financial Statements under Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
text: Amounts represent projected payments under certain unfunded retirement plans for former pre-incorporation partners. Given these plans are unfunded, we pay these benefits directly. These plans were eliminated for active partners after May 15, 2001
text: Other commitments include, among other things, information technology, software support and maintenance obligations, as well as other obligations in the ordinary course of business that we cannot cancel or where we would be required to pay a termination fee in the event of cancellation. Amounts shown do not include recourse that we may have to recover termination fees or penalties from clients.

Questions:
question: What is the company's long-term debt due in 3-5 years?
answer: $6
scale: million
question: What does the company's retirement obligations refer to?
answer: projected payments under certain unfunded retirement plans for former pre-incorporation partners.
question: What is the company's total contractual cash obligations due in more than 5 years?
answer: $1,296
scale: million
question: What is the proportion of the company's total long term debt as a ratio of its total contractual cash obligations?
answer: 0.54
derivation: (23/4,244)
scale: percent
question: What is the total contractual cash obligation due in less than one year from long-term debt and operating leases?
answer: 3863
derivation: $23 + $3,840 
scale: million
question: How much does operating leases account for total contractual cash obligations for period of less than 1 year?
answer: 75.6
derivation: $688/910 
scale: percent
Year Ended December 31,
2019
2018
2017
(dollars in thousands)
Cost of revenue
$149,215
$144,349
$142,867
Gross profit
$427,308
$393,542
$339,118
Gross margin
74.1%
73.2%
70.4%

text: Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit, and Gross Margin
text: Cost of revenue increased $4.9 million, or 3%, in 2019 as compared to 2018. The increase in cost of revenue was primarily due to $12.1 million in increased personnel expenses, stock-based compensation, and overhead costs, $3.9 million in increased content costs, $3.6 million in increased amortization of acquired intangible assets, and $1.6 million in increased capitalized software amortization. These increased costs were partially offset by $16.4 million in decreased external implementation professional service costs. These costs were incurred to service our existing customers and support our continued growth. The improvement in gross margin was primarily due to a higher mix of subscription revenue, which carries a higher gross margin.
text: Cost of revenue increased $1.5 million, or 1%, in 2018 as compared to 2017. The increase in cost of revenue was primarily due to $6.0 million in increased capitalized software amortization and $4.5 million in increased content costs. These increased costs were partially offset by $6.6 million in decreased amortization of acquired intangible assets and $2.9 million in external implementation service costs. These costs were incurred to service our existing customers and support our continued growth. The improvement in gross margin was primarily due to a higher mix of subscription revenue, which carries a higher gross margin.

Questions:
question: Why did gross margin improve between 2018 and 2019?
answer: The improvement in gross margin was primarily due to a higher mix of subscription revenue, which carries a higher gross margin
question: What was the cost of revenue in 2019?
answer: $149,215
scale: thousand
question: What was the gross profit in 2019?
answer: $427,308
scale: thousand
question: What was the change in cost of revenue between 2017 and 2018?
answer: 1482
derivation: ($144,349-$142,867)
scale: thousand
question: What was the percentage change in gross profit between 2018 and 2019?
answer: 8.58
derivation: ($427,308-$393,542)/$393,542
scale: percent
question: What was the change in gross margin between 2018 and 2019?
answer: 0.9
derivation: (74.1%-73.2%)
scale: percent
€ million
2017/2018
2018/2019
Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets as of beginning of period
905
940
Recognised under
21
23
Interest income
21
23
Recognised outside of profit or loss under ‘remeasurement of defined benefit pension plans’ in other comprehensive income
24
102
Gains/losses from plan assets excl. interest income (+/−)
24
102
Other effects
−10
0
Benefit payments (incl. tax payments)
−34
−27
Settlement payments
−6
0
Employer contributions
35
18
Contributions from plan participants
11
9
Change in consolidation group / transfers
0
0
Reclassification in accordance with IFRS5
−16
0
Currency effects
0
1
Fair value of plan assets as of end of period
940
1,066

text: The actual return on plan assets amounted to €125 million in the reporting period (2017/ 18: €45 million).
text: For financial year 2019/20, the company expects employer payments to external pension providers totalling approximately €18 million and employee contributions of €9 million in plan assets, with contributions in the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany accounting for the major share of this total. Expected contributions from payment contribution commitments in Germany are not included in expected payments.
text: The fair value of plan assets developed as follows:
text: At one Dutch company, plan assets exceeded the value of commitments as of the closing date. Since the company cannot draw any economic benefits from this overfunding, the balance sheet amount was reduced to €0 in line with IAS 19.64 (b).

Questions:
question: How much did the actual return on plan assets amount to in FY2019?
answer: €125 million
question: What is not included in expected payments?
answer: Expected contributions from payment contribution commitments in Germany
question: For which years was the Fair value of plan assets as of end of period calculated in?
answer: 2018
2019
question: In which year was Interest income larger?
answer: 2019
derivation: 23>21
question: What was the change in interest income in FY2019 from FY2018?
answer: 2
derivation: 23-21
scale: million
question: What was the percentage change in interest income in FY2019 from FY2018?
answer: 9.52
derivation: (23-21)/21
scale: percent
For the year ended December 31,
2017
2018
2019
Crew wages and vessel management employee costs
72,652
79,624
80,713
Technical maintenance expenses
28,736
28,694
37,653
Other vessel operating expenses
21,098
19,766
21,296
Total
122,486
128,084
139,662

text: GasLog Ltd. and its Subsidiaries
Notes to the consolidated financial statements (Continued)
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019
(All amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars, except share and per share data)
text: 15. Vessel Operating and Supervision Costs
text: An analysis of vessel operating and supervision costs is as follows:

Questions:
question: What is being analyzed as shown in the table?
answer: Vessel operating and supervision costs
question: What are the components of vessel operating and supervision costs?
answer: Crew wages and vessel management employee costs
Technical maintenance expenses
Other vessel operating expenses
question: What is the total amount in 2017?
answer: 122,486
scale: thousand
question: In which year was the crew wages and vessel management employee costs the lowest?
answer: 2017
derivation: 72,652 < 79,624 < 80,713
question: What was the change in technical maintenance expenses from 2017 to 2018?
answer: -42
derivation: 28,694 - 28,736 
scale: thousand
question: What was the percentage change in total vessel operating and supervision costs from 2018 to 2019?
answer: 9.04
derivation: (139,662 - 128,084)/128,084 
scale: percent
€ millions
2019
2018
2017
Current tax expense
Germany
625
733
935
Foreign
1,153
1,019
716
Total current tax expense
1,778
1,752
1,651
Deferred tax expense/income
Germany
–3
57
–584
Foreign
–549
–298
–84
Total deferred tax income
–552
–241
–668
Total income tax expense
1,226
1,511
983

text: (C.5) Income Taxes
text: Judgments and Estimates
text: We are subject to changing tax laws in multiple jurisdictions within the countries in which we operate. Our ordinary business activities also include transactions where the ultimate tax outcome is uncertain due to different interpretations of tax laws, such as those involving revenue sharing and cost reimbursement arrangements between SAP Group entities. In addition, the amount of income taxes we pay is generally subject to ongoing audits by domestic and foreign tax authorities. In determining our worldwide income tax provisions, judgment is involved in assessing whether to consider each uncertain tax treatment separately or together with one or more other uncertain tax treatments and whether to reflect the respective effect of uncertainty based on the most likely amount or the expected value. In applying these judgments, we consider the nature and the individual facts and circumstances of each uncertain tax treatment as well as the specifics of the respective jurisdiction, including applicable tax laws and our interpretation thereof.
text: The assessment whether a deferred tax asset is impaired requires judgment, as we need to estimate future taxable profits to determine whether the utilization of the deferred tax asset is probable. In evaluating our ability to utilize our deferred tax assets, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including the level of historical taxable income and projections for future taxable income over the periods in which the deferred tax assets are recoverable. Our judgment regarding future taxable income is based on assumptions about future market conditions and future profits of SAP.
text: Judgment is also required in evaluating whether interest or penalties related to income taxes meet the definition of income taxes, and, if not, whether it is of financial nature. In this judgment, we particularly consider applicable local tax laws and interpretations on IFRS by national standard setters in the area of group financial reporting.
text: Tax Expense by Geographic Location

Questions:
question: What does the table represent?
answer: Tax Expense by Geographic Location
question: In which years was the Tax Expense by Geographic Location calculated?
answer: 2019
2018
2017
question: What are the geographic locations in the table considered when calculating the total current tax expense?
answer: Germany
Foreign
question: In which year was the current tax expense in Germany the largest?
answer: 2017
derivation: 935>733>625
question: What was the change in current tax expense in Germany in 2019 from 2018?
answer: -108
derivation: 625-733
scale: million
question: What was the percentage change in current tax expense in Germany in 2019 from 2018?
answer: -14.73
derivation: (625-733)/733
scale: percent
March 30, 2019
March 31, 2018
Raw materials
$118,608
$110,389
Work in process
272,469
221,137
Finished goods
120,716
140,766
Total inventories
$511,793
$472,292

text: 4. INVENTORIES
text: The components of inventories, net, are as follows (in thousands):

Questions:
question: What are the respective values of the company's raw materials on March 31, 2018 and 2019?
answer: $110,389
$118,608
scale: thousand
question: What are the respective values of the company's work in process inventories on March 31, 2018 and 2019?
answer: 221,137
272,469
scale: thousand
question: What are the respective values of the company's finished goods on March 31, 2018 and 2019?
answer: 140,766
120,716
scale: thousand
question: What is the change in the company's raw materials on March 31, 2018 and 2019?
answer: 8219
derivation: $118,608 - $110,389 
scale: thousand
question: What is the average value of the company's raw materials on March 31, 2018 and 2019?
answer: 114498.5
derivation: ($110,389 + $118,608)/2 
scale: thousand
question: What is the average value of the company's finished goods on March 31, 2018 and 2019?
answer: 130741
derivation: (140,766 + 120,716)/2 
scale: thousand
As of December 31,
2018
2019
Trade receivables
808
9,463
VAT receivable
1,094
637
Accrued income
9,473
8,274
Insurance claims
1,282
1,400
Other receivables
7,587
5,126
Total
20,244
24,900

text: GasLog Ltd. and its Subsidiaries
Notes to the consolidated financial statements (Continued)
For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019
(All amounts expressed in thousands of U.S. Dollars, except share and per share data)
text: 9. Trade and Other Receivables
text: Trade and other receivables consist of the following:
text: Trade and other receivables are amounts due from third parties for services performed in the ordinary course of business. They are generally due for settlement immediately and therefore are all classified as current. Trade and other receivables are recognized initially at the amount of consideration that is unconditional unless they contain certain significant financing components, at which point they are recognized at fair value. The Group holds the trade receivables with the objective to collect the contractual cash flows and therefore measures them subsequently at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method.
text: Accrued income represents net revenues receivable from charterers, which have not yet been invoiced; all other amounts not yet invoiced are included under Other receivables.
text: As of December 31, 2018 and 2019 no allowance for expected credit losses was recorded.

Questions:
question: What are the components of trade and other receivables?
answer: Trade receivables
VAT receivable
Accrued income
Insurance claims
Other receivables
question: Why does the Group hold the trade receivables?
answer: The Group holds the trade receivables with the objective to collect the contractual cash flows
question: What does accrued income represent?
answer: Accrued income represents net revenues receivable from charterers, which have not yet been invoiced
question: In which year was the insurance claims higher?
answer: 2019
derivation: 1,400 > 1,282
question: What was the change in trade receivables from 2018 to 2019?
answer: 8655
derivation: 9,463 - 808 
scale: thousand
question: What was the percentage change in total receivables from 2018 to 2019?
answer: 23
derivation: (24,900 - 20,244)/20,244 
scale: percent
Pension
2019
2018
2017
Service cost
$1,437
$1,063
$1,068
Interest cost
3,715
3,807
2,942
Expected long-term return on plan assets
(5,291)
(5,954)
(4,206)
Recognized actuarial loss
741
1,127
1,929
Amortization of prior service credit
(44)
(88)
(138)
Net settlement loss
634
116
1,472
Net periodic benefit cost
$1,192
$71
$3,067

text: Net Periodic Benefit Cost
text: The following table provides information about the net periodic benefit cost for the plans for fiscal years 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):
text: On September 1, 2018, the Company adopted a new accounting standard, which changes the presentation of net periodic benefit cost in the Consolidated Statements of Operation. The Company adopted the standard on a retrospective basis which results in reclassifications for the service cost component of net periodic benefit cost from selling, general and administrative expense to cost of revenue and for the other components from selling, general and administrative expense to other expense. Prior periods have not been reclassified due to immateriality.

Questions:
question: Which fiscal years does the table provide information about the net periodic benefit cost for?
answer: 2019
2018
2017
question: What was the service cost in 2019?
answer: $1,437
scale: thousand
question: What was the interest cost in 2018?
answer: 3,807
scale: thousand
question: What was the change in interest cost between 2018 and 2019?
answer: -92
derivation: 3,715-3,807
scale: thousand
question: How many years did the recognized actuarial loss exceed $1,000 thousand?
answer: 2
derivation: 2018##2017
question: What was the total percentage change in the Net periodic benefit cost between 2017 and 2019?
answer: -61.13
derivation: ($1,192-$3,067)/$3,067
scale: percent