next-tat/TAT-QA huggingface dataset:
Balance Sheet
January 3, 2020
December 28, 2018
(in millions)
Other current assets:  
Transition costs and project assets(1)
$98
$145
Pre-contract costs
6
41
Other(2)
306
357
$410
$543
Other assets:
Transition costs and project assets(1)
$207
$22
Equity method investments(3)
19
26
Other(2)
200
134
$426
$182
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities:  
Accrued liabilities
$822
$650
Accounts payable
592
547
Deferred revenue
400
276
Other(2)(4)
23
18
$1,837
$1,491
Accrued payroll and employee benefits:  
Accrued vacation
$232
$225
Salaries, bonuses and amounts withheld from employees’ compensation
203
248
$435
$473

text: Note 18—Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions
text: (1) During the year ended January 3, 2020 and December 28, 2018, the Company recognized $417 million and $146 million, respectively, of amortization related to its transition costs and project assets. (2) Balance represents items that are not individually significant to disclose separately.
text: (3) Balances are net of $25 million and $29 million of dividends received during fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively, that were recorded in cash flows provided by operating activities of continuing operations on the consolidated statements of cash flows.
text: (4) During the year ended January 3, 2020, the Company combined "Dividends payable and "Income taxes payable" with "Accounts payable and accrued liabilities" on the consolidated balance sheets. As a result, the prior year activity has been reclassified to conform with the current year presentation.

Questions:
question: What was the amortization related to its transition costs and project assets in 2020 and 2018 respectively?
answer: $417 million
$146 million
question: What were the balances net of dividends received during fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018 respectively?
answer: $25 million
$29 million
question: What did the company combine "Dividends payable and "Income taxes payable" with in 2020 on the consolidated balance sheets?
answer: "Accounts payable and accrued liabilities"
question: In which year was Transition costs and project assets under other current assets less than 100 million?
answer: 2020
derivation: locate and analyze Transition costs and project assets(1) in row 5
question: What was the change in the Pre-contract costs from 2018 to 2020?
answer: -35
derivation: 6 - 41
scale: million
question: What was the change in the Equity method investments from 2018 to 2020?
answer: -7
derivation: 19 - 26
scale: million
Year Ended December 31,
2019
2018
2017
Unrecognized tax benefit - beginning balance
$8,217
$7,527
$6,447
Increases for tax positions taken in prior years  —
—
—
16
Decreases for tax positions taken in prior years  —
__
(242)
—
Increases for tax positions taken in current year  623
623
932
1,064
Unrecognized tax benefit - ending balance
$8,840
$8,217
$7,527

text: A reconciliation of the gross unrecognized tax benefit is as follows (in thousands):
text: The unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would not impact the Company's effective tax rate as the recognition of these tax benefits would be offset by changes in the Company's valuation allowance. The Company does not believe there will be any material changes in its unrecognized tax benefits over the next twelve months.
text: As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had no accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions. Due to the Company’s historical loss position, all tax years from inception through December 31, 2019 remain open due to unutilized net operating losses.
text: The Company files income tax returns in the United States and various states and foreign jurisdictions and is subject to examination by various taxing authorities including major jurisdiction like the United States. As such, all its net operating loss and research credit carryforwards that may be used in future years are subject to adjustment, if and when utilized.
text: Utilization of the net operating loss carryforwards and credits may be subject to a substantial annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and similar state provisions. The annual limitation may result in the expiration of net operating losses and credits before their utilization.

Questions:
question: Where does the company file income tax returns in?
answer: The Company files income tax returns in the United States and various states and foreign jurisdictions
question: What was the amount of accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2019?
answer: As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had no accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions.
question: Why would the unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, not impact the company's effective tax rate?
answer: The unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would not impact the Company's effective tax rate as the recognition of these tax benefits would be offset by changes in the Company's valuation allowance.
question: What was the average unrecognized tax benefit - beginning balance, across the 3 year period from 2017 to 2019?
answer: 7397
derivation: (8,217+7,527+6,447)/(2019-2017+1)
scale: thousand
question: Which of the years had unrecognized tax benefit - ending balance of greater than $8,200 thousand?
answer: 2018
2019
derivation: 8,217##8,840
question: What is the total unrecognized tax benefit - ending balance across all 3 years?
answer: 24584
derivation: (8,840+8,217+7,527)
scale: thousand
Fiscal Years
2019
2018
2017
Cost of revenue
$2,936
$3,869
$3,189
Research and development
8,551
13,448
10,565
Selling, general and administrative
12,305
14,620
22,581
Total
$23,792
$31,937
$36,335

text: Share-Based Compensation
text: The following table shows a summary of share-based compensation expense included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations during the periods presented (in thousands):
text: Amounts presented above include share-based compensation expense of $0.8 million for fiscal year 2017, which is recorded as discontinued operations related to employees of our Compute business.
text: As of September 27, 2019, the total unrecognized compensation costs related to outstanding stock options, restricted stock awards and units including awards with time-based, performance-based, and market-based vesting was $47.0 million, which we expect to recognize over a weighted-average period of 2.9 years.

Questions:
question: What was the share based compensation expense in 2017?
answer: $0.8 million
question: Over what period would the expense be recognized?
answer: weighted-average period of 2.9 years.
question: What was the respective cost of revenue in 2019, 2018 and 2017?
answer: $2,936
$3,869
$3,189
scale: thousand
question: In which year was Research and development less than 10,000 thousands?
answer: 2019
derivation: locate and analyze Research and development in row 4
question: What was the average cost of revenue for 2017-2019?
answer: 3331.33
derivation: (2,936 + 3,869 + 3,189) / 3
scale: thousand
question: What is the change in the Selling, general and administrative expense from 2018 to 2019?
answer: -2315
derivation: 12,305 - 14,620
scale: thousand
Year Ended March 31, 
2019
2018
2017
(In thousands)
Cost of revenues 
$234
$259
$282
Research and development
1,310
1,141
980
Selling, general and administrative
722
670
615
Total
$2,266
$2,070
$1,877

text: Stock-based compensation
text: The Company recognized $2.3 million, $2.1 million and $1.9 million of stock-based compensation expense for the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, as follows:
text: Stock-based compensation expense in the years ended March 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 included $211,000, $207,000 and $150,000, respectively, related to the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

Questions:
question: What was the stock-based compensation expense in 2019, 2018 and 2017 respectively?
answer: $2.3 million
$2.1 million
$1.9 million
question: What was the research and development expenses in 2019, 2018 and 2017 respectively?
answer: 1,310
1,141
980
scale: thousand
question: What was the cost of revenues in 2019, 2018 and 2017 respectively?
answer: $234
$259
$282
scale: thousand
question: In which year was Research and development expenses less than 1,000 thousands?
answer: 2017
derivation: locate and analyze Research and development in row 5
question: What was the average cost of revenues between 2017-2019?
answer: 258.33
derivation: (234 + 259 + 282) / 3
scale: thousand
question: What was the change in the Selling, general and administrative between 2018 and 2019?
answer: 52
derivation: 722 - 670
scale: thousand
Fiscal years ended July 31,
2019
2018
Change
Amount 
Amount 
($)
(%)
(In thousands, except percentages)
Interest income
$30,182
$13,281
16,901
127
Interest expense
$(17,334)
$(6,442)
(10,892)
169
Other income (expense), net
$(1,867)
$509
(2,376)
(467)

text: Other Income (Expense)
text: Interest Income
text: Interest income represents interest earned on our cash, cash equivalents, and investments.
text: Interest income increased by $16.9 million in fiscal year 2019. The increase in our interest income is associated with the increase in invested funds, primarily as a result of proceeds of approximately $600 million related to the common stock and convertible note offering in March 2018 and, to a lesser extent, higher yields on those invested funds.
text: Interest Expense
text: Interest expense includes both stated interest and the amortization of debt discount and issuance costs associated with the $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of our Convertible Senior Notes that were issued in March 2018. Accordingly, interest expense in fiscal year 2019 is higher than fiscal year 2018 as the notes were only outstanding for part of fiscal year 2018.
text: Interest expense increased $10.9 million in fiscal year 2019, compared to the same period a year ago. Interest expense for fiscal year 2019 consists of noncash interest expense of $12.2 million related to the amortization of debt discount and issuance costs and stated interest of $5.0 million.
text: Other Income (Expense), Net
text: Other income (expense), net consists primarily of foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from fluctuations in foreign exchange rates on monetary asset and monetary liability balances that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the entity in which they are recorded. We currently have entities with a functional currency of the Argentine Peso, Australian Dollar, Brazilian Real, British Pound, Canadian Dollar, Euro, Japanese Yen, Malaysian Ringgit, and Polish Zloty.
text: We realized a net currency exchange loss of $1.9 million in fiscal year 2019 as compared to a net currency exchange gain of $0.5 million in fiscal year 2018 as a result of exchange rate movements on foreign currency denominated accounts against the US Dollar.

Questions:
question: What was the increase in interest income in 2019?
answer: $16.9 million
question: What does interest expense include?
answer: both stated interest and the amortization of debt discount and issuance costs associated with the $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of our Convertible Senior Notes that were issued in March 2018
question: What was the Interest income in 2019 and 2018 respectively?
answer: $30,182
$13,281
scale: thousand
question: In which year was Other income (expense), net negative?
answer: 2019
derivation: locate and analyze Other income (expense), net in row 7
question: What was the average Interest income for 2018 and 2019?
answer: 21731.5
derivation: (30,182 + 13,281) / 2
scale: thousand
question: What was the average interest expense for 2018 and 2019?
answer: 11888
derivation: (17,334 + 6,442) / 2
scale: thousand
For the Twelve Months Ended December 31,
2019
2018
(Dollars in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
9,472
7,554
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts
18,581
12,327
Inventories, net
12,542
9,317
Prepaid expenses
3,276
1,078
Other current assets
10,453
682
Accounts payable
(18,668)
(9,166)
Accrued expenses
(22,133)
(9,051)
Current operating lease liabilities
(1,185)
—
Total Working Capital
$12,338
$12,741

text: The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, our working capital:
text: Working Capital consists of current assets net of current liabilities. Working capital decreased $0.4 million to $12.3 million at December 31, 2019 compared with $12.7 million at December 31, 2018. The decrease was primarily a result of an increase of cash, accounts receivable, and inventory offset by an increase in accounts payable, accrued expenses and current operating lease liabilities.
text: We normally carry three to four weeks of finished goods inventory. The average duration of our accounts receivable is approximately 25 days.
text: For the year ended December 31, 2019 our capital resources consisted of primarily $9.5 million cash on hand and $33.0 million available under our credit facilities, net of $2.0 million reserved for two letters of credit. For the year ended December 31, 2018, our capital resources consisted primarily of $7.5 million cash on hand and $30.0 million available under our credit facilities. The Credit Facilities will mature in May 2024.
text: We borrowed $72.3 million under our credit facilities during 2019, of which $18.5 million was repaid prior to the end of the year. As of December 31, 2019, we had $54.5 million of debt outstanding (including $0.7 million of debt issuance costs) under our credit facilities. There was no debt outstanding under the credit facilities as of December 31, 2018.

Questions:
question: What is the average duration of the accounts receivables?
answer: 25 days
question: How much was borrowed under credit facilities during 2019?
answer: $72.3 million
question: How much was the debt outstanding as at 2019 year end?
answer: $54.5 million
question: What was the percentage change in cash and cash equivalents from 2018 to 2019 year end?
answer: 25.39
derivation: (9,472-7,554)/7,554
scale: percent
question: What was the percentage change in net inventories from 2018 to 2019 year end?
answer: 34.61
derivation: (12,542-9,317)/9,317
scale: percent
question: What was the percentage change in accounts payables from 2018 to 2019 year end?
answer: 103.67
derivation: [(-18,668) - (-9,166)] / -9,166
scale: percent
($ in millions)
For the year ended December 31:
2019
2018
Yr.-to-Yr. Percent Change
Interest expense
$1,344
$723
85.9%
Non-operating adjustment
Acquisition-related charges
(228)
—
NM
Operating (non-GAAP) interest expense
$1,116
$723
54.4

text: Interest Expense
text: NM-not meaningful
text: Interest expense increased $621 million compared to 2018. Interest expense is presented in cost of financing in the Consolidated Income Statement only if the related external borrowings are to support the Global Financing external business. Overall interest expense (excluding capitalized interest) in 2019 was $1,952 million, an increase of $473 million year to year, driven by a higher average debt balance and higher interest rates as we issued debt to finance the Red Hat acquisition.
text: Operating (non-GAAP) interest expense increased $393 million compared to the prior-year period. It excludes the Red Hat pre-closing debt financing costs.

Questions:
question: What caused the increase in interest expense in 2019?
answer: driven by a higher average debt balance and higher interest rates as we issued debt to finance the Red Hat acquisition.
question: What is excluded from the Operating (non-GAAP) interest expense?
answer: It excludes the Red Hat pre-closing debt financing costs.
question: What was the increase in interest expense from 2018?
answer: $621 million
question: What was the average Interest expense?
answer: 1033.5
derivation: (1,344 + 723) / 2
scale: million
question: What is the increase / (decrease) in Acquisition-related charges from 2018 to 2019? 
answer: -228
derivation: -228 - 0
scale: million
question: What is the increase / (decrease) in the Operating (non-GAAP) interest expense from 2018 to 2019?
answer: 393
derivation: 1,116 - 723
scale: million
Years Ended December 31,
2019
2018
2017
Americas:
United States
$614,493
$668,580
$644,870
The Philippines
250,888
231,966
241,211
Costa Rica
127,078
127,963
132,542
Canada
99,037
102,353
112,367
El Salvador
81,195
81,156
75,800
Other
123,969
118,620
118,853
Total Americas
1,296,660
1,330,638
1,325,643
EMEA:
Germany
94,166
91,703
81,634
Other
223,847
203,251
178,649
Total EMEA
318,013
294,954
260,283
Total Other
89
95
82
$1,614,762
$1,625,687
$1,586,008

text: The Company’s top ten clients accounted for 42.2%, 44.2% and 46.9% of its consolidated revenues during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
text: The following table represents a disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers by delivery location (in thousands):

Questions:
question: What was the  Total Americas  amount in 2019?
answer: 1,296,660
scale: thousand
question: What was the Total EMEA amount in 2018?
answer: 294,954
scale: thousand
question: In which years is the disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers by delivery location provided?
answer: 2019
2018
2017
question: In which year was Total Other largest?
answer: 2018
derivation: 95>89>82
question: What was the change in Total Other in 2018 from 2017?
answer: 13
derivation: 95-82
scale: thousand
question: What was the percentage change in Total Other in 2018 from 2017?
answer: 15.85
derivation: (95-82)/82
scale: percent
2019
2018
Tonnes of CO2e
Tonnes of CO2e
Emissions from:
Combustion of fuel and operation of facilities (Scope 1)
144.7
137.2
Electricity, heat, steam and cooling purchased for own use (Scope 2)
4,641.0
4,950.4
Total emissions
4,785.7
5,087.6
Emissions intensity metrics:
Normalised per FTE employee
3.46
3.57
Normalised per square metre of gross internal area of our facilities
0.114
0.125
Normalised per $ million of revenues
9.50
10.67

text: Greenhouse gas emissions
text: Spirent is committed to acting to combat climate change and reporting its progress. Our total Scope 1 and 2 emissions dropped by 6.14 per cent from 2018, and our emissions per $ million of revenue were down by 10.9 per cent. We have reduced our total emissions by 29 per cent since our 2014 baseline.
text: The Group responded to the Carbon Disclosure Project in 2019, completing the Climate Change and Supply Chain questionnaires. In 2019 we achieved a Climate Change rating of B (management) (2018 C) and a Supplier Engagement rating of B (management) (2018 B). The average for our sector is C in both categories.

Questions:
question: What is the percentage change in the total amount of emissions from Combustion of fuel and operation of facilities and Electricity, heat, steam and cooling purchased for own use?
answer: 6.14 per cent
question: By how much has Spirent reduced their total emissions since their 2014 baseline?
answer: 29 per cent
question: What are the scopes of emissions?
answer: Scope 1
Scope 2
question: In which year were the Scope 1 emissions larger?
answer: 2019
derivation: 144.7>137.2
question: What was the change in total emissions?
answer: -301.9
derivation: 4,785.7-5,087.6
question: What was the percentage change in total emissions?
answer: -5.93
derivation: (4,785.7-5,087.6)/5,087.6
scale: percent
Fiscal Year Ended January 31,
2019
2018
2017
Discount rate
2.5%
2.4%
3.2%
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets
3.3%
3.3%
4.3%
Rate of compensation increase
2.3%
2.3%
2.2%

text: Assumptions
text: Weighted average actuarial assumptions used to determine costs for the plans for each period were as follows:
text: The weighted-average expected long-term rate of return for the plan assets is 3.3%. The weighted-average expected longterm rate of return on plan assets is based on the interest rates guaranteed under the insurance contracts, and the expected rate of return appropriate for each category of assets weighted for the distribution within the diversified investment fund. The assumptions used for the plans are based upon customary rates and practices for the location of the plans. Factors such as asset class allocations, long-term rates of return (actual and expected), and results of periodic asset liability modeling studies are considered when constructing the long-term rate of return assumption for our defined benefit pension plans.

Questions:
question: Which factors are considered when constructing the long-term rate of return assumption for our defined benefit pension plans?
answer: Factors such as asset class allocations, long-term rates of return (actual and expected), and results of periodic asset liability modeling studies are considered when constructing the long-term rate of return assumption for our defined benefit pension plans.
question: How much is the weighted average expected long-term rate of return for the plan assets?
answer: The weighted-average expected long-term rate of return for the plan assets is 3.3%.
question: What is the discount rate for 2019?
answer: 2.5%
question: What is the average discount rate over the 3 year period from 2017 to 2019?
answer: 2.7
derivation: (2.5+2.4+3.2)/(2019-2017+1)
scale: percent
question: How much did the expected long term rate of return on plan assets decrease by from 2017 to 2019?
answer: 1
derivation: 4.3%-3.3%
scale: percent
question: What is the average discount rate over the 3 year period from 2017 to 2019?
answer: 2.7
derivation: (2.5+2.4+3.2)/3 
scale: percent
Year Ended December 31,
2019
2018
Sales
$788,948
$718,892
Gross profit
315,652
365,607
Operating expenses
261,264
194,054
Operating income from continuing operations
54,388
171,553
Other income (expense), net
12,806
823
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
67,194
172,376
Provision for income taxes
10,699
25,227
Income from continuing operations, net of income taxes
$ 56,495
$ 147,149

text: Results of Continuing Operations
text: The analysis presented below is organized to provide the information we believe will facilitate an understanding of our historical performance and relevant trends going forward, and should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements, including the notes thereto, in Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" of this Annual Report on Form 10 - K.
text: The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain data derived from our Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands):

Questions:
question: What were the sales in 2019?
answer: $788,948
scale: thousand
question: What does the table show?
answer: sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain data derived from our Consolidated Statements of Operations
question: What was the gross profit in 2018?
answer: 365,607
scale: thousand
question: What was the change in sales between 2018 and 2019?
answer: 70056
derivation: $788,948-$718,892
scale: thousand
question: What was the change in operating expenses between 2018 and 2019?
answer: 67210
derivation: 261,264-194,054
scale: thousand
question: What was the percentage change in gross profit between 2018 and 2019?
answer: -13.66
derivation: (315,652-365,607)/365,607
scale: percent