neulab/tldr huggingface dataset:
# suspend a commaseparated list of running jobs
scontrol suspend {{job_id}}
# resume a commaseparated list of suspended jobs
scontrol resume {{job_id}}
# hold a commaseparated list of queued jobs (use `release` command to permit the jobs to be scheduled)
scontrol hold {{job_id}}
# release a commaseparated list of suspended job
scontrol release {{job_id}}
# notify the operating system kernel of partition table changes
sudo partprobe
# notify the kernel of partition table changes and show a summary of devices and their partitions
sudo partprobe --summary
# show a summary of devices and their partitions but don't notify the kernel
sudo partprobe --summary --dry-run
# list all process ids with given name
pidof {{bash}}
# list a single process id with given name
pidof -s {{bash}}
# list process ids including scripts with given name
pidof -x {{script.py}}
# kill all processes with given name
kill "$(pidof {{name}})"
# display the current settings for an interface
ethtool {{eth0}}
# display the driver information for an interface
ethtool --driver {{eth0}}
# display the network usage statistics for an interface
ethtool --statistics {{eth0}}
# blink one or more leds on an interface for 10 seconds
ethtool --identify {{eth0}} {{10}}
# set the link speed, duplex mode, and parameter autonegotiation for a given interface
ethtool -s {{eth0}} speed {{10|100|1000}} duplex {{half|full}} autoneg {{on|off}}
# list all installed packages
dpkg-query -l
# list installed packages matching a pattern
dpkg-query -l '{{pattern}}'
# list all files installed by a package
dpkg-query -L {{package_name}}
# show information about a package
dpkg-query -s {{package_name}}
# create an x cursor file using a config file
xcursorgen {{path/to/config.cursor}} {{path/to/output_file}}
# create an x cursor file using a config file and specify the path to the image files
xcursorgen --prefix {{path/to/image_directory/}} {{path/to/config.cursor}} {{path/to/output_file}}
# create an x cursor file using a config file and write the output to stdout
xcursorgen {{path/to/config.cursor}}
# generate status report with configuration and all active settings
sudo tlp-stat
# show battery information
sudo tlp-stat -b
# show configuration
sudo tlp-stat -c
# probe the chip, ensuring the wiring is correct
flashrom --programmer {{programmer}}
# read flash and save it to a file
flashrom -p {{programmer}} --read {{path/to/file}}
# write a file to the flash
flashrom -p {{programmer}} --write {{path/to/file}}
# verify the flash against a file
flashrom -p {{programmer}} --verify {{path/to/file}}
# probe the chip using raspberry pi
flashrom -p {{linux_spi:dev=/dev/spidev0.0}}
# initialize a serverless application
sam init
# initialize a serverless application with a specific runtime
sam init --runtime {{python3.7}}
# package a sam application
sam package
# build your lambda function code
sam build
# run your serverless application locally
sam local start-api
# deploy an aws sam application
sam deploy
# list snapshot configs
snapper list-configs
# create snapper config
snapper -c {{config}} create-config {{path/to/directory}}
# create a snapshot with a description
snapper -c {{config}} create -d "{{snapshot_description}}"
# list snapshots for a config
snapper -c {{config}} list
# delete a snapshot
snapper -c {{config}} delete {{snapshot_number}}
# delete a range of snapshots
snapper -c {{config}} delete {{snapshot_X}}-{{snapshot_Y}}
# open a spaceseparated list of files in readonly mode
libreoffice --view {{path/to/file1}} {{path/to/file2}}
# display the content of specific files
libreoffice --cat {{path/to/file1}} {{path/to/file2}}
# print files to a specific printer
libreoffice --pt {{printer_name}} {{path/to/file1}} {{path/to/file2}}
# convert all `.doc` files in current directory to pdf
libreoffice --convert-to {{pdf}} {{*.doc}}
# show battery information
acpi
# show thermal information
acpi -t
# show cooling device information
acpi -c
# show thermal information in fahrenheit
acpi -tf
# show all information
acpi -V
# extract information from `/proc` instead of `/sys`
acpi -p
# individual actions/programs on runmailcap can be invoked with action flag
run-mailcap --action=ACTION [--option[=value]]
# in simple language
run-mailcap --action=ACTION {{filename}}
# turn on extra information
run-mailcap --action=ACTION --debug {{filename}}
# ignore any "copiousoutput" directive and forward output to standard output
run-mailcap --action=ACTION --nopager {{filename}}
# display the found command without actually executing it
run-mailcap --action=ACTION --norun {{filename}}
# create a `lost+found` directory in the current directory
mklost+found
# decompress a file
lrunzip {{filename.lrz}}
# decompress a file using a specific number of processor threads
lrunzip -p {{8}} {{filename.lrz}}
# decompress a file and silently overwrite files if they exist
lrunzip -f {{filename.lrz}}
# keep broken or damaged files instead of deleting them when decompressing
lrunzip -K {{filename.lrz}}
# specify output file name and/or path
lrunzip -o {{outfilename}} {{filename.lrz}}
# update the list of available packages and versions (it's recommended to run this before other `apt` commands)
sudo apt update
# search for a given package
apt search {{package}}
# show information for a package
apt show {{package}}
# install a package, or update it to the latest available version
sudo apt install {{package}}
# remove a package (using `purge` instead also removes its configuration files)
sudo apt remove {{package}}
# upgrade all installed packages to their newest available versions
sudo apt upgrade
# list all packages
apt list
# list installed packages
apt list --installed
# display shared library dependencies of a binary
ldd {{path/to/binary}}
# display unused direct dependencies
ldd -u {{path/to/binary}}
# replay a typescript at the speed it was recorded
scriptreplay {{path/to/timing_file}} {{path/to/typescript}}
# replay a typescript at double the original speed
scriptreplay {{path/to/timingfile}} {{path/to/typescript}} 2
# replay a typescript at half the original speed
scriptreplay {{path/to/timingfile}} {{path/to/typescript}} 0.5
# connect to a vpn with a username and password
openfortivpn --username={{username}} --password={{password}}
# connect to a vpn using a specific configuration file (defaults to `/etc/openfortivpn/config`)
sudo openfortivpn --config={{path/to/config}}
# connect to a vpn by specifying the host and port
openfortivpn {{host}}:{{port}}
# trust a given gateway by passing in its certificate's sha256 sum
openfortivpn --trusted-cert={{sha256_sum}}
# run a command with a file lock as soon as the lock is not required by others
flock {{path/to/lock.lock}} --command "{{command}}"
# run a command with a file lock, and exit if the lock doesn't exist
flock {{path/to/lock.lock}} --nonblock --command "{{command}}"
# run a command with a file lock, and exit with a specific error code if the lock doesn't exist
flock {{path/to/lock.lock}} --nonblock --conflict-exit-code {{error_code}} -c "{{command}}"
# a preferred way to trace the path to a host
tracepath -p {{33434}} {{host}}
# specify the initial destination port, useful with nonstandard firewall settings
tracepath -p {{destination_port}} {{host}}
# print both hostnames and numerical ip addresses
tracepath -b {{host}}
# specify a maximum ttl (number of hops)
tracepath -m {{max_hops}} {{host}}
# specify the initial packet length (defaults to 65535 for ipv4 and 128000 for ipv6)
tracepath -l {{packet_length}} {{host}}
# use only ipv6 addresses
tracepath -6 {{host}}
# assemble a file, writing the output to `a.out`
as {{file.s}}
# assemble the output to a given file
as {{file.s}} -o {{out.o}}
# generate output faster by skipping whitespace and comment preprocessing. (should only be used for trusted compilers)
as -f {{file.s}}
# include a given path to the list of directories to search for files specified in `.include` directives
as -I {{path/to/directory}} {{file.s}}
# discard all sectors on a device, removing all data
blkdiscard /dev/{{device}}
# securely discard all blocks on a device, removing all data
blkdiscard --secure /dev/{{device}}
# discard the first 100 mb of a device
blkdiscard --length {{100MB}} /dev/{{device}}
# move a running process to your current terminal
reptyr {{pid}}
# execute all programs in the autostart folders
dex --autostart
# execute all programs in the specified folders
dex --autostart --search-paths {{path/to/directory1}}:{{path/to/directory2}}:{{path/to/directory3}}:
# preview the programs would be executed in a gnome specific autostart
dex --autostart --environment {{GNOME}}
# preview the programs would be executed in a regular autostart
dex --autostart --dry-run
# preview the value of the desktopentry property `name`
dex --property {{Name}} {{path/to/file.desktop}}
# create a desktopentry for a program in the current directory
dex --create {{path/to/file.desktop}}
# execute a single program (with `terminal=true` in the desktop file) in the given terminal
dex --term {{terminal}} {{path/to/file.desktop}}
# build binary and source packages
rpmbuild -ba {{path/to/spec_file}}
# build a binary package without source package
rpmbuild -bb {{path/to/spec_file}}
# specify additional variables when building a package
rpmbuild -bb {{path/to/spec_file}} --define "{{variable1}} {{value1}}" --define "{{variable2}} {{value2}}"
# view documentation for the original command
tldr apport-bug
# start an arithmetic quiz
arithmetic
# specify one or more arithmetic [o]peration symbols to get problems on them
arithmetic -o {{+|-|x|/}}
# specify a range. addition and multiplication problems would feature numbers between 0 and range, inclusive. subtraction and division problems would have required result and number to be operated on, between 0 and range
arithmetic -r {{7}}
# add a torrent file or magnet to be downloaded
rtorrent {{torrent_or_magnet}}
# start the download
<Ctrl>S
# view details about downloading torrent
->
# close rtorrent safely
<Ctrl>Q
# download a binary package
dget {{package_name}}
# download and extract a package source from its `.dsc` file
dget {{http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/h/haskell-tldr/haskell-tldr_0.4.0-2.dsc}}
# download a package source tarball from its `.dsc` file but don't extract it
dget -d {{http://deb.debian.org/debian/pool/main/h/haskell-tldr/haskell-tldr_0.4.0-2.dsc}}
# start `ntpq` in interactive mode
ntpq --interactive
# print a list of ntp peers
ntpq --peers
# print a list of ntp peers without resolving hostnames from ip addresses
ntpq --numeric --peers
# use `ntpq` in debugging mode
ntpq --debug-level
# print ntp system variables values
ntpq --command={{rv}}
# compile a pdf document
pdflatex {{source.tex}}
# compile a pdf document specifying an output directory
pdflatex -output-directory={{path/to/directory}} {{source.tex}}
# compile a pdf document, exiting on each error
pdflatex -halt-on-error {{source.tex}}
# merge 2 pdfs into a single pdf
pdfunite {{path/to/fileA.pdf}} {{path/to/fileB.pdf}} {{path/to/merged_output.pdf}}
# merge a directory of pdfs into a single pdf
pdfunite {{path/to/directory/*.pdf}} {{path/to/merged_output.pdf}}
# initialise a new repository in the current directory
hg init
# initialise a new repository in the specified directory
hg init {{path/to/directory}}
# create a torrent with 2^21 kb as the piece size
mktorrent -a {{tracker_announce_url}} -l {{21}} -o {{path/to/example.torrent}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# create a private torrent with a 2^21 kb piece size
mktorrent -p -a {{tracker_announce_url}} -l {{21}} -o {{path/to/example.torrent}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# create a torrent with a comment
mktorrent -c "{{comment}}" -a {{tracker_announce_url}} -l {{21}} -o {{path/to/example.torrent}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# create a torrent with multiple trackers
mktorrent -a {{tracker_announce_url,tracker_announce_url_2}} -l {{21}} -o {{path/to/example.torrent}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# create a torrent with web seed urls
mktorrent -a {{tracker_announce_url}} -w {{web_seed_url}} -l {{21}} -o {{path/to/example.torrent}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# open a web page to start a bug report
go bug
# rebase the current branch on top of another specified branch
git rebase {{new_base_branch}}
# start an interactive rebase, which allows the commits to be reordered, omitted, combined or modified
git rebase -i {{target_base_branch_or_commit_hash}}
# continue a rebase that was interrupted by a merge failure, after editing conflicting files
git rebase --continue
# continue a rebase that was paused due to merge conflicts, by skipping the conflicted commit
git rebase --skip
# abort a rebase in progress (e.g. if it is interrupted by a merge conflict)
git rebase --abort
# move part of the current branch onto a new base, providing the old base to start from
git rebase --onto {{new_base}} {{old_base}}
# reapply the last 5 commits inplace, stopping to allow them to be reordered, omitted, combined or modified
git rebase -i {{HEAD~5}}
# autoresolve any conflicts by favoring the working branch version (`theirs` keyword has reversed meaning in this case)
git rebase -X theirs {{branch_name}}
# generate a text report from a specific profiling file, on fibbo binary
pprof -top {{./fibbo}} {{./fibbo-profile.pb.gz}}
# generate a graph and open it on a web browser
pprof -svg {{./fibbo}} {{./fibbo-profile.pb.gz}}
# run pprof in interactive mode to be able to manually launch `pprof` on a file
pprof {{./fibbo}} {{./fibbo-profile.pb.gz}}
# run a web server that serves a web interface on top of `pprof`
pprof -http={{localhost:8080}} {{./fibbo}} {{./fibbo-profile.pb.gz}}
# fetch a profile from an http server and generate a report
pprof {{http://localhost:8080/debug/pprof}}
# compress a png file
pngcrush {{in.png}} {{out.png}}
# compress all pngs and output them to the specified directory
pngcrush -d {{path/to/output}} *.png
# compress png file with all 114 available algorithms and pick the best result
pngcrush -rem allb -brute -reduce {{in.png}} {{out.png}}
# create a xar archive of all files in a given directory
xar -cf {{archive.xar}} {{path/to/directory}}
# list the contents of a given xar archive
xar -tf {{archive.xar}}
# extract the contents of a given xar archive to the current directory
xar -xf {{archive.xar}}
# compile a .net project in release mode
dotnet publish --configuration Release {{path/to/project_file}}
# publish the .net core runtime with your application for the specified runtime
dotnet publish --self-contained true --runtime {{runtime_identifier}} {{path/to/project_file}}
# package the application into a platformspecific singlefile executable
dotnet publish --runtime {{runtime_identifier}} -p:PublishSingleFile=true {{path/to/project_file}}
# trim unused libraries to reduce the deployment size of an application
dotnet publish --self-contained true --runtime {{runtime_identifier}} -p:PublishTrimmed=true {{path/to/project_file}}
# compile a .net project without restoring dependencies
dotnet publish --no-restore {{path/to/project_file}}
# specify the output directory
dotnet publish --output {{path/to/directory}} {{path/to/project_file}}
# name a hash
nth -t {{5f4dcc3b5aa765d61d8327deb882cf99}}
# name hashes in a file
nth -f {{path/to/hashes}}
# output in json format
nth -t {{5f4dcc3b5aa765d61d8327deb882cf99}} -g
# decode hash in base64 before naming it
nth -t {{NWY0ZGNjM2I1YWE3NjVkNjFkODMyN2RlYjg4MmNmOTkK}} -b64
# merge all commits not present on the target branch from the source branch to target branch, and delete the source branch
git graft {{source_branch}} {{target_branch}}
# play a video or audio file
mpv {{file}}
# play a video or audio file from a url
mpv '{{https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ}}'
# jump backward/forward 5 seconds
LEFT <or> RIGHT
# jump backward/forward 1 minute
DOWN <or> UP
# decrease or increase playback speed by 10%
[ <or> ]
# play a file at a specified speed (0.01 to 100, default 1)
mpv --speed {{speed}} {{file}}
# play a file using a profile defined in the `mpv.conf` file
mpv --profile {{profile_name}} {{file}}
# display the output of webcam or other video input device
mpv /dev/{{video0}}
# capture traffic of all interfaces
ngrep -d any
# capture traffic of a specific interface
ngrep -d {{eth0}}
# capture traffic crossing port 22 of interface eth0
ngrep -d {{eth0}} port {{22}}
# capture traffic from or to a host
ngrep host {{www.example.com}}
# filter keyword 'useragent' of interface eth0
ngrep -d {{eth0}} '{{User-Agent:}}'
# run an optimization or analysis on a bitcode file
opt -{{passname}} {{path/to/file.bc}} -S -o {{file_opt.bc}}
# output the control flow graph of a function to a `.dot` file
opt {{-dot-cfg}} -S {{path/to/file.bc}} -disable-output
# optimize the program at level 2 and output the result to another file
opt -O2 {{path/to/file.bc}} -S -o {{path/to/output_file.bc}}
# display all input data using the specified data configuration
ffe --configuration={{path/to/config.ffe}} {{path/to/input}}
# convert an input file to an output file in a new format
ffe --output={{path/to/output}} -c {{path/to/config.ffe}} {{path/to/input}}
# select input structure and print format from definitions in `~/.fferc` config file
ffe --structure={{structure}} --print={{format}} {{path/to/input}}
# write only the selected fields
ffe --field-list="{{FirstName,LastName,Age}}" -c {{path/to/config.ffe}} {{path/to/input}}
# write only the records that match an expression
ffe -e "{{LastName=Smith}}" -c {{path/to/config.ffe}} {{path/to/input}}
# display help
ffe --help
# build a recursive fls list over a device, output paths will start with c
fls -r -m {{C:}} {{/dev/loop1p1}}
# analyse a single partition, providing the sector offset at which the filesystem starts in the image
fls -r -m {{C:}} -o {{sector}} {{path/to/image_file}}
# analyse a single partition, providing the timezone of the original system
fls -r -m {{C:}} -z {{timezone}} {{/dev/loop1p1}}
# produce a complete html document from a source code file
highlight --out-format={{html}} --style {{theme_name}} --syntax {{language}} {{path/to/source_code}}
# produce an html fragment, suitable for inclusion in a larger document
highlight --out-format={{html}} --fragment --syntax {{language}} {{source_file}}
# inline the css styling in every tag
highlight --out-format={{html}} --inline-css --syntax {{language}} {{source_file}}
# list all supported languages, themes, or plugins
highlight --list-scripts {{langs|themes|plugins}}
# print a css stylesheet for a theme
highlight --out-format={{html}} --print-style --style {{theme_name}} --syntax {{language}}] --stdout
# switch to an existing branch
git switch {{branch_name}}
# create a new branch and switch to it
git switch --create {{branch_name}}
# create a new branch based on an existing commit and switch to it
git switch --create {{branch_name}} {{commit}}
# switch to the previous branch
git switch -
# switch to a branch and update all submodules to match
git switch --recurse-submodules {{branch_name}}
# switch to a branch and automatically merge the current branch and any uncommitted changes into it
git switch --merge {{branch_name}}
# search for a pattern within a file
egrep "{{search_pattern}}" {{path/to/file}}
# search for a pattern within multiple files
egrep "{{search_pattern}}" {{path/to/file1}} {{path/to/file2}} {{path/to/file3}}
# search stdin for a pattern
cat {{path/to/file}} | egrep {{search_pattern}}
# print file name and line number for each match
egrep --with-filename --line-number "{{search_pattern}}" {{path/to/file}}
# search for a pattern in all files recursively in a directory, ignoring binary files
egrep --recursive --binary-files={{without-match}} "{{search_pattern}}" {{path/to/directory}}
# search for lines that do not match a pattern
egrep --invert-match "{{search_pattern}}" {{path/to/file}}
# render a commonmark markdown file to html
cmark --to html {{filename.md}}
# convert data from standard input to latex
cmark --to latex
# convert straight quotes to smart quotes
cmark --smart --to html {{filename.md}}
# validate utf8 characters
cmark --validate-utf8 {{filename.md}}
# build and view the default package documentation in the browser
cargo doc --open
# build documentation without accessing the network
cargo doc --offline
# view a particular package's documentation
cargo doc --open --package {{package}}
# view a particular package's documentation offline
cargo doc --open --offline --package {{package}}
# call the first target specified in the makefile (usually named "all")
make
# call a specific target
make {{target}}
# call a specific target, executing 4 jobs at a time in parallel
make -j{{4}} {{target}}
# use a specific makefile
make --file {{file}}
# execute make from another directory
make --directory {{directory}}
# force making of a target, even if source files are unchanged
make --always-make {{target}}
# override variables defined in the makefile by the environment
make --environment-overrides {{target}}
# make a simple get request
lwp-request -m GET {{http://example.com/some/path}}
# upload a file with a post request
lwp-request -m POST {{http://example.com/some/path}} < {{path/to/file}}
# make a request with a custom user agent
lwp-request -H 'User-Agent: {{user_agent}} -m {{METHOD}} {{http://example.com/some/path}}
# make a request with http authentication
lwp-request -C {{username}}:{{password}} -m {{METHOD}} {{http://example.com/some/path}}
# make a request and print request headers
lwp-request -U -m {{METHOD}} {{http://example.com/some/path}}
# make a request and print response headers and status chain
lwp-request -E -m {{METHOD}} {{http://example.com/some/path}}
# list only local configuration entries (stored in `.git/config` in the current repository)
git config --list --local
# list only global configuration entries (stored in `~/.gitconfig`)
git config --list --global
# list all configuration entries that have been defined either locally or globally
git config --list
# get the value of a given configuration entry
git config alias.unstage
# set the global value of a given configuration entry
git config --global alias.unstage "reset HEAD --"
# revert a global configuration entry to its default value
git config --global --unset alias.unstage
# edit the git configuration for the current repository in the default editor
git config --edit
# edit the global git configuration in the default editor
git config --global --edit
# ping the specified url
httping -g {{url}}
# ping the web server on `host` and `port`
httping -h {{host}} -p {{port}}
# ping the web server on `host` using a tls connection
httping -l -g https://{{host}}
# ping the web server on `host` using http basic authentication
httping -g http://{{host}} -U {{username}} -P {{password}}
# start the daemon
auditd
# start the daemon in debug mode
auditd -d
# start the daemon ondemand from launchd
auditd -l
# list all jvm processes
jps
# list all jvm processes with only pid
jps -q
# display the arguments passed to the processes
jps -m
# display the full package name of all processes
jps -l
# display the arguments passed to the jvm
jps -v
# start mytop
mytop
# connect with a specified username and password
mytop -u {{user}} -p {{password}}
# connect with a specified username (the user will be prompted for a password)
mytop -u {{user}} --prompt
# do not show any idle (sleeping) threads
mytop -u {{user}} -p {{password}} --noidle
# execute a typescript file without compiling (`node` + `tsc`)
ts-node {{path/to/file.ts}}
# execute a typescript file without loading `tsconfig.json`
ts-node --skip-project {{path/to/file.ts}}
# evaluate typescript code passed as a literal on the commandline
ts-node --eval '{{console.log("Hello World")}}'
# execute a typescript file in script mode
ts-node --script-mode {{path/to/file.ts}}
# transpile a typescript file to javascript without executing it
ts-node --transpile-only {{path/to/file.ts}}
# display tsnode help
ts-node --help
# create a git repository in the current directory and commit all files
git setup
# create a git repository in a specific directory and commit all files
git setup {{path/to/directory}}
# create a directory in current directory or given path
mkdir {{directory}}
# create multiple directories in the current directory
mkdir {{directory_1 directory_2 ...}}
# create directories recursively (useful for creating nested dirs)
mkdir -p {{path/to/directory}}
# insert a new entry with your editor
jrnl
# quickly insert a new entry
jrnl {{today at 3am}}: {{title}}. {{content}}
# view the last ten entries
jrnl -n {{10}}
# view everything that happened from the start of last year to the start of last march
jrnl -from "{{last year}}" -until {{march}}
# edit all entries tagged with "texas" and "history"
jrnl {{@texas}} -and {{@history}} --edit
# log in to the openshift container platform server
oc login
# create a new project
oc new-project {{project_name}}
# switch to an existing project
oc project {{project_name}}
# add a new application to a project
oc new-app {{repo_url}} --name {{application}}
# open a remote shell session to a container
oc rsh {{pod_name}}
# list pods in a project
oc get pods
# log out from the current session
oc logout
# create databases, load the schema, and initialize with seed data
rails db:setup
# access the database console
rails db
# create the databases defined in the current environment
rails db:create
# destroy the databases defined in the current environment
rails db:drop
# run pending migrations
rails db:migrate
# view the status of each migration file
rails db:migrate:status
# rollback the last migration
rails db:rollback
# fill the current database with data defined in `db/seeds.rb`
rails db:seed
# merge the pull request associated with the current branch interactively
gh pr merge
# merge the specified pull request, interactively
gh pr merge {{pr_number}}
# merge the pull request, removing the branch on both the local and the remote
gh pr merge --delete-branch
# merge the current pull request with the specified merge strategy
gh pr merge --{{merge|squash|rebase}}
# squash the current pull request into one commit with the message body and merge
gh pr merge --squash --body="{{commit_message_body}}"
# display help
gh pr merge --help
# format the standard input as multiple columns
ls | git column --mode={{column}}
# format the standard input as multiple columns with a maximum width of `100`
ls | git column --mode=column --width={{100}}
# format the standard input as multiple columns with a maximum padding of `30`
ls | git column --mode=column --padding={{30}}
# list all routes
rails routes
# list all routes in an expanded format
rails routes --expanded
# list routes partially matching url helper method name, http verb, or url path
rails routes -g {{posts_path|GET|/posts}}
# list routes that map to a specified controller
rails routes -c {{posts|Posts|Blogs::PostsController}}
# add a torrent file or magnet link to transmission and download to a specified directory
transmission-remote {{hostname}} -a {{torrent|url}} -w {{/path/to/download_directory}}
# change the default download directory
transmission-remote {{hostname}} -w {{/path/to/download_directory}}
# list all torrents
transmission-remote {{hostname}} --list
# start torrent 1 and 2, stop torrent 3
transmission-remote {{hostname}} -t "{{1,2}}" --start -t {{3}} --stop
# remove torrent 1 and 2, and also delete local data for torrent 2
transmission-remote {{hostname}} -t {{1}} --remove -t {{2}} --remove-and-delete
# stop all torrents
transmission-remote {{hostname}} -t {{all}} --stop
# move torrents 110 and 1520 to a new directory (which will be created if it does not exist)
transmission-remote {{hostname}} -t "{{1-10,15-20}}" --move {{/path/to/new_directory}}
# view a csv file
csvlook {{data.csv}}
# print the contents of *file1* reversed to the standard output
tac {{file1}}
# print the contents of the standard input reversed to the standard output
{{command}} | tac
# concatenate several files reversed into the target file
tac {{file1}} {{file2}} > {{target_file}}
# create a new django project
django-admin startproject {{project_name}}
# create a new app for the current project
django-admin startapp {{app_name}}
# check the current version of django
django-admin --version
# display more information for the given command
django-admin help {{command}}
# autoformat a file or entire directory
black {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# format the code passed in as a string
black -c {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# output a diff for each file on stdout
black --diff {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# return the status without writing the files back
black --check {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# autoformat a file or directory emitting exclusively error messages to stderr
black --quiet {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# autoformat a file or directory without replacing single quotes with double quotes (adoption helper, avoid using this for new projects)
black --skip-string-normalization {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# create local alias for director
bosh alias-env {{environment_name}} -e {{ip_address|url}} --ca-cert {{ca_certificate}}
# list environments
bosh environments
# log in to the director
bosh login -e {{environment}}
# list deployments
bosh -e {{environment}} deployments
# list environment virtual machines
bosh -e {{environment}} vms -d {{deployment}}
# ssh into virtual machine
bosh -e {{environment}} ssh {{virtual_machine}} -d {{deployment}}
# upload stemcell
bosh -e {{environment}} upload-stemcell {{stemcell_file|url}}
# show current cloud config
bosh -e {{environment}} cloud-config
# test a server (run every check) on port 443
testssl {{example.com}}
# test a different port
testssl {{example.com:465}}
# only check available protocols
testssl --protocols {{example.com}}
# only check vulnerabilities
testssl --vulnerable {{example.com}}
# only check http security headers
testssl --headers {{example.com}}
# number nonblank lines in a file
nl {{file}}
# read from standard output
cat {{file}} | nl {{options}} -
# number only the lines with printable text
nl -t {{file}}
# number all lines including blank lines
nl -b a {{file}}
# number only the body lines that match a basic regular expression (bre) pattern
nl -b p'FooBar[0-9]' {{file}}
# run without arguments to use the interactive interface
fkill
# kill the process by pid, name or port
fkill {{pid|name|:port}}
# display currently logged username
whoami
# display the username after a change in the user id
sudo whoami
# bundle a javascript application and print to stdout
esbuild --bundle {{path/to/file.js}}
# bundle a jsx application from stdin
esbuild --bundle --outfile={{path/to/out.js}} < {{path/to/file.jsx}}
# bundle and minify a jsx application with source maps in `production` mode
esbuild --bundle --define:{{process.env.NODE_ENV=\"production\"}} --minify --sourcemap {{path/to/file.js}}
# bundle a jsx application for a commaseparated list of browsers
esbuild --bundle --minify --sourcemap --target={{chrome58,firefox57,safari11,edge16}} {{path/to/file.jsx}}
# bundle a javascript application for a specific node version
esbuild --bundle --platform={{node}} --target={{node12}} {{path/to/file.js}}
# bundle a javascript application enabling jsx syntax in `.js` files
esbuild --bundle app.js --loader:{{.js=jsx}} {{path/to/file.js}}
# bundle and serve a javascript application on an http server
esbuild --bundle --serve={{port}} --outfile={{index.js}} {{path/to/file.js}}
# bundle a list of files to an output directory
esbuild --bundle --outdir={{path/to/output_directory}} {{path/to/file1}} {{path/to/file2}}
# create a new ansible role
molecule init role --role-name {{role_name}}
# run tests
molecule test
# start the instance
molecule create
# configure the instance
molecule converge
# log in into the instance
molecule login
# display certificate information
openssl x509 -in {{filename.crt}} -noout -text
# display a certificate's expiration date
openssl x509 -enddate -noout -in {{filename.pem}}
# convert a certificate between binary der encoding and textual pem encoding
openssl x509 -inform {{der}} -outform {{pem}} -in {{original_certificate_file}} -out {{converted_certificate_file}}
# store a certificate's public key in a file
openssl x509 -in {{certificate_file}} -noout -pubkey -out {{output_file}}
# print current time, uptime, number of loggedin users and other information
uptime
# show only the amount of time the system has been booted for
uptime --pretty
# print the date and time the system booted up at
uptime --since
# show version information
uptime --version
# download a url to a file
axel {{url}}
# download and specify filename
axel {{url}} -o {{filename}}
# download with multiple connections
axel -n {{connections_num}} {{url}}
# search for mirrors
axel -S {{mirrors_num}} {{url}}
# limit download speed (bytes per second)
axel -s {{speed}} {{url}}
# convert multiple images to a single pdf, each image being on its own page
img2pdf {{path/to/image1.jpg}} {{path/to/image2.jpg}} --output {{path/to/file.pdf}}
# convert only the first frame of a multiframe image to pdf
img2pdf {{path/to/file.gif}} --first-frame-only --output {{path/to/file.pdf}}
# auto orient the image, use a page size of a4 in landscape mode, and set a border of 2cm horizontally and 5.1cm vertically
img2pdf {{path/to/file.jpg}} --auto-orient --pagesize {{A4^T}} --border {{2cm}}:{{5.1cm}} --output {{path/to/file.pdf}}
# shrink only larger images to a 10cm by 15cm rectangle inside a 30x20cm page
img2pdf {{path/to/file.tiff}} --pagesize {{30cm}}x{{20cm}} --imgsize {{10cm}}x{{15cm}} --fit {{shrink}} --output {{path/to/file.pdf}}
# convert an image to pdf, and specify metadata for the resulting file
img2pdf {{path/to/file.png}} --title {{title}} --author {{author}} --creationdate {{1970-01-31}} --keywords {{keyword1 keyword2}} --subject {{subject}} --output {{path/to/file.pdf}}
# return an exit code of 1
false
# encode a file
base32 {{filename}}
# decode a file
base32 --decode {{filename}}
# encode from stdin
{{somecommand}} | base32
# decode from stdin
{{somecommand}} | base32 --decode
# search for a keyword using a regular expression
apropos {{regular_expression}}
# search without restricting the output to the terminal width
apropos -l {{regular_expression}}
# search for pages that contain all the expressions given
apropos {{regular_expression_1}} -a {{regular_expression_2}} -a {{regular_expression_3}}
# launch copyq to store clipboard history
copyq
# show current clipboard content
copyq clipboard
# insert raw text into the clipboard history
copyq add -- {{text1}} {{text2}} {{text3}}
# insert text containing escape sequences ('\n', '\t') into the clipboard history
copyq add {{firstline\nsecondline}}
# print the content of the first 3 items in the clipboard history
copyq read 0 1 2
# copy a file's contents into the clipboard
copyq copy < {{file.txt}}
# copy a jpeg image into the clipboard
copyq copy image/jpeg < {{image.jpg}}
# crack password hashes
john {{path/to/hashes.txt}}
# show passwords cracked
john --show {{path/to/hashes.txt}}
# display users' cracked passwords by user identifier from multiple files
john --show --users={{user_ids}} {{path/to/hashes*}} {{path/to/other/hashes*}}
# crack password hashes, using a custom wordlist
john --wordlist={{path/to/wordlist.txt}} {{path/to/hashes.txt}}
# list available hash formats
john --list=formats
# crack password hashes, using a specific hash format
john --format={{md5crypt}} {{path/to/hashes.txt}}
# crack password hashes, enabling word mangling rules
john --rules {{path/to/hashes.txt}}
# restore an interrupted cracking session from a state file, e.g. `mycrack.rec`
john --restore={{path/to/mycrack.rec}}
# go to a directory that contains "foo" in the name
z {{foo}}
# go to a directory that contains "foo" and then "bar"
z {{foo}} {{bar}}
# go to the highestranked directory matching "foo"
z -r {{foo}}
# go to the most recently accessed directory matching "foo"
z -t {{foo}}
# list all directories in `z`'s database matching "foo"
z -l {{foo}}
# remove the current directory from `z`'s database
z -x .
# restrict matches to subdirectories of the current directory
z -c {{foo}}
# register a repository
mr register
# update repositories in 5 concurrent jobs
mr -j{{5}} update
# print the status of all repositories
mr status
# checkout all repositories to the latest version
mr checkout
# check the last commit message
gitlint
# the range of commits to lint
gitlint --commits {{single_refspec_argument}}
# path to a directory or python module with extra userdefined rules
gitlint --extra-path {{path/to/directory}}
# start a specific ci job
gitlint --target {{path/to/target_directory}}
# path to a file containing a commitmsg
gitlint --msg-filename {{path/to/filename}}
# read staged commit metainfo from the local repository
gitlint --staged
# run `sleep 10` and terminate it, if it runs for more than 3 seconds
timeout {{3s}} {{sleep 10}}
# specify the signal to be sent to the command after the time limit expires. (by default, term is sent)
timeout --signal {{INT}} {{5s}} {{sleep 10}}
# print shared object mappings for a java process (output like pmap)
jmap {{java_pid}}
# print heap summary information
jmap -heap {{filename.jar}} {{java_pid}}
# print histogram of heap usage by type
jmap -histo {{java_pid}}
# dump contents of the heap into a binary file for analysis with jhat
jmap -dump:format=b,file={{filename}} {{java_pid}}
# lookup the ip(s) associated with a hostname (a records)
drill {{example.com}}
# lookup the mail server(s) associated with a given domain name (mx record)
drill mx {{example.com}}
# get all types of records for a given domain name
drill any {{example.com}}
# specify an alternate dns server to query
drill {{example.com}} @{{8.8.8.8}}
# perform a reverse dns lookup on an ip address (ptr record)
drill -x {{8.8.8.8}}
# perform dnssec trace from root servers down to a domain name
drill -TD {{example.com}}
# show dnskey record(s) for a domain name
drill -s dnskey {{example.com}}
# start khal on interactive mode
ikhal
# print all events scheduled in personal calendar for the next seven days
khal list -a {{personal}} {{today}} {{7d}}
# print all events scheduled not in personal calendar for tomorrow at 1000
khal at -d {{personal}} {{tomorrow}} {{10:00}}
# print a calendar with a list of events for the next three months
khal calendar
# add new event to personal calendar
khal new -a {{personal}} {{2020-09-08}} {{18:00}} {{18:30}} "{{Dentist appointment}}"
# start daemon in the background
sshd
# run sshd in the foreground
sshd -D
# run with verbose output (for debugging)
sshd -D -d
# run on a specific port
sshd -p {{port}}
# match a variable against string literals to decide which command to run
case {{$tocount}} in {{words}}) {{wc -w README}}; ;; {{lines}}) {{wc -l README}}; ;; esac
# combine patterns with |, use * as a fallback pattern
case {{$tocount}} in {{[wW]|words}}) {{wc -w README}}; ;; {{[lL]|lines}}) {{wc -l README}}; ;; *) {{echo "what?"}}; ;; esac
# open a new file in nano
nano
# open a specific file
nano {{path/to/file}}
# open a specific file, positioning the cursor at the specified line and column
nano +{{line}},{{column}} {{path/to/file}}
# open a specific file and enable soft wrapping
nano --softwrap {{path/to/file}}
# open a specific file and indent new lines to the previous lines' indentation
nano --autoindent {{path/to/file}}
# open nano and create a backup file (`file~`) when saving edits
nano --backup {{path/to/file}}
# telnet to the default port of a host
telnet {{host}}
# telnet to a specific port of a host
telnet {{ip_address}} {{port}}
# exit a telnet session
quit
# emit the default escape character combination for terminating the session
Ctrl + ]
# start telnet with "x" as the session termination character
telnet -e {{x}} {{ip_address}} {{port}}
# telnet to star wars animation
telnet {{towel.blinkenlights.nl}}
# remove an alias
unalias {{alias_name}}
# remove all aliases
unalias -a
# set a reminder at a given time
leave {{time_to_leave}}
# set a reminder to leave at noon
leave {{1200}}
# set a reminder in a specific amount of time
leave +{{amount_of_time}}
# set a reminder to leave in 4 hours and 4 minutes
leave +{{0404}}
# connect to a database
mysql {{database_name}}
# connect to a database, user will be prompted for a password
mysql -u {{user}} --password {{database_name}}
# connect to a database on another host
mysql -h {{database_host}} {{database_name}}
# connect to a database through a unix socket
mysql --socket {{path/to/socket.sock}}
# execute sql statements in a script file (batch file)
mysql -e "source {{filename.sql}}" {{database_name}}
# restore a database from a backup created with `mysqldump` (user will be prompted for a password)
mysql --user {{user}} --password {{database_name}} < {{path/to/backup.sql}}
# restore all databases from a backup (user will be prompted for a password)
mysql --user {{user}} --password < {{path/to/backup.sql}}
# return the default config, and create it if it's the first time the program runs
neofetch
# trigger an info line from appearing in the output, where 'infoname' is the function name in the config file, e.g. memory
neofetch --{{enable|disable}} {{infoname}}
# hide/show os architecture
neofetch --os_arch {{on|off}}
# enable/disable cpu brand in output
neofetch --cpu_brand {{on|off}}
# create a local branch
git create-branch {{branch_name}}
# create a branch locally and on origin
git create-branch --remote {{branch_name}}
# create a branch locally and on upstream (through forks)
git create-branch --remote upstream {{branch_name}}
# start a repl (interactive shell)
scala
# start the interpreter with a dependency in the classpath
scala -classpath {{filename.jar}} {{command}}
# execute a scala script
scala {{script.scala}}
# execute a `.jar` program
scala {{filename.jar}}
# execute a single scala command in the commandline
scala -e {{command}}
# perform a basic nikto scan against a target host
perl nikto.pl -h {{192.168.0.1}}
# specify the port number when performing a basic scan
perl nikto.pl -h {{192.168.0.1}} -p {{443}}
# scan ports and protocols with full url syntax
perl nikto.pl -h {{https://192.168.0.1:443/}}
# scan multiple ports in the same scanning session
perl nikto.pl -h {{192.168.0.1}} -p {{80,88,443}}
# update to the latest plugins and databases
perl nikto.pl -update
# run a speed test
speedtest
# run a speed test and specify the unit of the output
speedtest --unit={{auto-decimal-bits|auto-decimal-bytes|auto-binary-bits|auto-binary-bytes}}
# run a speed test and specify the output format
speedtest --format={{human-readable|csv|tsv|json|jsonl|json-pretty}}
# run a speed test and specify the number of decimal points to use (0 to 8, defaults to 2)
speedtest --precision={{precision}}
# run a speed test and print its progress (only available for output format `humanreadable` and `json`)
speedtest --progress={{yes|no}}
# list all `speedtest.net` servers, sorted by distance
speedtest --servers
# run a speed test to a specific `speedtest.net` server
speedtest --server-id={{server_id}}
# page through a compressed archive with `less`
zless {{file.txt.gz}}
# count all the lines of code in a directory
cloc {{path/to/directory}}
# count all the lines of code in a directory, displaying a progress bar during the counting process
cloc --progress=1 {{path/to/directory}}
# compare 2 directory structures and count the differences between them
cloc --diff {{path/to/directory/one}} {{path/to/directory/two}}
# ignore files that are ignored by vcs, such as files specified in `.gitignore`
cloc --vcs git {{path/to/directory}}
# count all the lines of code in a directory, displaying the results for each file instead of each language
cloc --by-file {{path/to/directory}}
# show the current user's scheduled jobs
atq
# show jobs from queue named 'a' (queues have singlecharacter names)
atq -q {{a}}
# show jobs of all users (run as superuser)
sudo atq
# start a rolling restart of a resource
kubectl rollout restart {{resource_type}}/{{resource_name}}
# watch the rolling update status of a resource
kubectl rollout status {{resource_type}}/{{resource_name}}
# roll back a resource to the previous revision
kubectl rollout undo {{resource_type}}/{{resource_name}}
# view the rollout history of a resource
kubectl rollout history {{resource_type}}/{{resource_name}}
# initialize new module in current directory
go mod init {{moduleName}}
# download modules to local cache
go mod download
# add missing and remove unused modules
go mod tidy
# verify dependencies have expected content
go mod verify
# copy sources of all dependencies into the vendor directory
go mod vendor
# convert an a2 poster into 4 a4 pages
pdfposter --poster-size a2 {{input_file.pdf}} {{output_file.pdf}}
# scale an a4 poster to a3 and then generate 2 a4 pages
pdfposter --scale 2 {{input_file.pdf}} {{output_file.pdf}}
# rebuild with `make` if any file changes
reflex make
# compile and run go application if any `.go` file changes
reflex --regex='{{\.go$}}' {{go run .}}
# ignore a directory when watching for changes
reflex --inverse-regex='{{^dir/}}' {{command}}
# run command when reflex starts and restarts on file changes
reflex --start-service=true {{command}}
# substitute the filename that changed in
reflex -- echo {}
# reset all tracked files and delete all untracked files
git clear-soft
# start the mixxx gui in fullscreen
mixxx --fullScreen
# start in safe developer mode to debug a crash
mixxx --developer --safeMode
# debug a malfunction
mixxx --debugAssertBreak --developer --loglevel trace
# start mixxx using the specified settings file
mixxx --resourcePath {{mixxx/res/controllers}} --settingsPath {{path/to/settings-file}}
# debug a custom controller mapping
mixxx --controllerDebug --resourcePath {{path/to/mapping-directory}}
# show commandline help
mixxx --help
# run a meteor project from its root directory in development mode
meteor
# create a project under the given directory
meteor create {{path/to/directory}}
# display the list of packages the project is currently using
meteor list
# add a package to the project
meteor add {{package_name}}
# remove a package from the project
meteor remove {{package_name}}
# create a production build of the project as a tarball under the given directory
meteor build {{path/to/directory}}
# highlight a source file with python lexer and output to terminal
chroma --lexer="{{python}}" {{source_file}}
# highlight a source file with the go lexer and output to an html file
chroma --lexer="{{go}}" --formatter="{{html}}" {{source_file}} > {{html_file}}
# highlight a source file with the c++ lexer and output to an svg, using the monokai style
chroma --lexer="{{c++}}" --formatter="{{svg}}" --syle="{{monokai}}" {{source_file}} > {{svg_file}}
# reset all tracked files and delete all untracked files even if they are included in the `.gitignore`
git clear
# compile a project
mvn compile
# compile and package the compiled code in its distributable format, such as a `jar`
mvn package
# compile and package, skipping unit tests
mvn package -DskipTests
# install the built package in local maven repository. (this will invoke the compile and package commands too)
mvn install
# delete build artifacts from the target directory
mvn clean
# do a clean and then invoke the package phase
mvn clean package
# clean and then package the code with a given build profile
mvn clean -P{{profile}} package
# run a class with a main method
mvn exec:java -Dexec.mainClass="{{com.example.Main}}" -Dexec.args="{{arg1 arg2}}"
# display available fonts
showfigfonts
# display available fonts using a specific text
showfigfonts {{input_text}}
# run sqlmap against a single target url
python sqlmap.py -u "{{http://www.target.com/vuln.php?id=1}}"
# send data in a post request (`data` implies post request)
python sqlmap.py -u "{{http://www.target.com/vuln.php}}" --data="{{id=1}}"
# change the parameter delimiter (& is the default)
python sqlmap.py -u "{{http://www.target.com/vuln.php}}" --data="{{query=foobar;id=1}}" --param-del="{{;}}"
# select a random `useragent` from `./txt/useragents.txt` and use it
python sqlmap.py -u "{{http://www.target.com/vuln.php}}" --random-agent
# provide user credentials for http protocol authentication
python sqlmap.py -u "{{http://www.target.com/vuln.php}}" --auth-type {{Basic}} --auth-cred "{{testuser:testpass}}"
# encode a wav file to flac (this will create a flac file in the same location as the wav file)
flac {{path/to/file.wav}}
# encode a wav file to flac, specifying the output file
flac -o {{path/to/output.flac}} {{path/to/file.wav}}
# decode a flac file to wav, specifying the output file
flac -d -o {{path/to/output.wav}} {{path/to/file.flac}}
# test a flac file for the correct encoding
flac -t {{path/to/file.flac}}
# render a `png` image with a filename based on the input filename and output format (uppercase o)
neato -T {{png}} -O {{path/to/input.gv}}
# render a `svg` image with the specified output filename (lowercase o)
neato -T {{svg}} -o {{path/to/image.svg}} {{path/to/input.gv}}