neulab/tldr huggingface dataset:
The revert command reverts the given snap to its state before the latest refresh. This will reactivate the previous snap revision, and will use the original data that was associated with that revision, discarding any data changes that were done by the latest revision. As an exception, data which the snap explicitly chooses to share across revisions is not touched by the revert process.
Usage: snap [OPTIONS] revert [revert-OPTIONS]
Reverts the given snap to the previous state The revert command reverts the given snap to its state before the latest refresh. This will reactivate the previous snap revision, and will use the original data that was associated with that revision, discarding any data changes that were done by the latest revision. As an exception, data which the snap explicitly chooses to share across revisions is not touched by the revert process.
--revision Revert to the given revision
run Run the given snap command
Run the given snap command with the right confinement and environment
Usage: snap [OPTIONS] run [run-OPTIONS]
Run the given snap command Run the given snap command with the right confinement and environment
--shell Run a shell instead of the command (useful for debugging)
set Changes configuration options
The set command changes the provided configuration options as requested.
$ snap set snap-name username=frank password=$PASSWORD
All configuration changes are persisted at once, and only after the snap's configuration hook returns successfully.
Nested values may be modified via a dotted path:
$ snap set author.name=frank
try Tests a snap in the system
The try command installs an unpacked snap into the system for testing purposes.  The unpacked snap content continues to be used even after installation, so non-metadata changes there go live instantly. Metadata changes such as those performed in snap.yaml will require reinstallation to go live.
If snap-dir argument is omitted, the try command will attempt to infer it if either snapcraft.yaml file and prime directory or meta/snap.yaml file can be found relative to current working directory.
Usage: snap [OPTIONS] try [try-OPTIONS]
Tests a snap in the system The try command installs an unpacked snap into the system for testing purposes.  The unpacked snap content continues to be used even after installation, so non-metadata changes there go live instantly. Metadata changes such as those performed in snap.yaml will require reinstallation to go live.
unalias Disables the given aliases
The unalias command disables explicitly the given application aliases defined by the snap.
version Help
watch Watch a change in progress
The watch command waits for the given change-id to finish and shows progress (if available).
ZIG(1)                            User Commands                           ZIG(1)
zig - manual page for zig 0.8.1
zig [command] [options]
Commands:
build  Build project from build.zig
init-exe Initialize a `zig build` application in the cwd
init-lib Initialize a `zig build` library in the cwd
ast-check Look for simple compile errors in any set of files
build-exe Create executable from source or object files
build-lib Create library from source or object files
build-obj Create object from source or object files
fmt    Reformat Zig source into canonical form
run    Create executable and run immediately
test   Create and run a test build
translate-c Convert C code to Zig code
ar     Use Zig as a drop-in archiver
cc     Use Zig as a drop-in C compiler
c++    Use Zig as a drop-in C++ compiler
dlltool Use Zig as a drop-in dlltool.exe
lib    Use Zig as a drop-in lib.exe
ranlib Use Zig as a drop-in ranlib
env    Print lib path, std path, cache directory, and version
help   Print this help and exit
libc   Display native libc paths file or validate one
targets List available compilation targets
version Print version number and exit
zen    Print Zen of Zig and exit
General Options:
-h, --help Print command-specific usage
The full documentation for zig is maintained as a Texinfo manual.  If the info and zig programs are properly installed at your site, the command
info zig
should give you access to the complete manual.
YANK(1)                    BSD General Commands Manual                   YANK(1)
yank — yank terminal output to clipboard
yank [-ilxv] [-d delim] [-g pattern] [-- command [argument ...]]
Read input from stdin and display a selection interface that allows a field to be selected and copied to the clipboard.  Fields are either recognized by a regular expression using the -g option or by splitting the input on a delimiter sequence using the -d option, see DELIMITERS.
Using the arrow keys will move the selected field, see COMMANDS.  Pressing the return key will invoke command and write the selected field to its stdin.  The command defaults to xsel(1x) but could be anything that accepts input on stdin, see EXAMPLES.
-d delim All input characters not present in delim will be recognized as fields, see DELIMITERS.
-g pattern Use pattern to recognize fields, expressed as a POSIX extended regular expression.
-i      Ignore case differences between pattern and the input.
-l      Use the default delimiters except for space, see DELIMITERS.
-v      Prints version.
-x      Use alternate screen.
-- command [argument ...] Use command with zero or more args as the yank command.
Ctrl-A | g Move selection to the first field.
Ctrl-C | Ctrl-D Exit without invoking the yank command.
Ctrl-E | G Move selection to the last field.
Ctrl-P/Ctrl-N | Left/Right | h/l Move selection to the left or right.
Up/Down | j/k Move selection to the next or previous line.
Enter Exit using the selected field.
If the -d and -g options are omitted the following characters are recognized as delimiters by default:
\f    form feed
\n    new line
\r    carriage return
\s    space
\t    horizontal tab
If the -d option is present space is not recognized as a delimiter.
Yank an environment variable key or value:
$ env | yank -d =
Yank a field from a CSV file:
$ yank -d \", <file.csv
Yank a whole line using the -l option:
$ make 2>&1 | yank -l
If stdout is not a terminal the selected field will be written to stdout and exit without invoking the yank command.  Kill the selected PID:
$ ps ux | yank -g [0-9]+ | xargs kill
Yank the selected field to the clipboard as opposed of the default primary clipboard:
$ yank -- xsel -b
The yank utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
re_format(7)
Anton Lindqvist <anton@basename.se>
Recognizing fields enclosed in brackets requires ‘]’ to be present before ‘[’ in the argument given to the -d option, see re_format(7).
SPARK(5)()                                                            SPARK(5)()
spark - Archive file format for RISC OS version of the PC archiver Arc
Strings are given in ASCII with C-style escapes. No terminating   is present if not explicitily included.
Words are 32 bit little-endian numbers.
Half words are 16 bit little-endian numbers.
An archive file consists of a sequence of archive marker, archive header and file data, ie. marker1, header1, data1, marker2, header2, data2, etc. The archive marker is a single byte of value 0x1a (26).  The archive finishes with an archive marker followed by a zero byte.
Header version number This tells you how the file data is stored and how many bytes there are in the header. The header version numbers for the PC, are detailed below. An Archimedes header version number is identical to the corresponding PC number except it has bit 7 set. 1    Old style, no compression 2    New style, no compression 3    Compression of repeated characters only (RLE) 4    As 3 plus Huffman Squeezing 5    Lempel-Ziv packing of repeated strings (old style) 6    Lempel-Ziv packing of repeated strings (new style) 7    Lempel-Ziv Welch packing with improved hash function 8    Dynamic Lempel-Ziv packing with adaptive reset 9    PKARC style squashing 127  Un*x compression
Filename 14 bytes of name, zero terminated.
Compressed length Compressed data length, one word.
Date One half-word, date. year = (date >> 9) & 0x7f; month = (date >> 5) & 0x0f; day = date & 0x1f;
Time One half-word, time. hour = (time >> 11) & 0x1f; minute = (time >> 5)  & 0x3f; second = (time & 0x1f) * 2;
The time and date fields are always filled in. If the file has a load and exec address, these are the time and date when the file was added to the archive otherwise, they are derived from the Archimedes datestamp. In all extract operations on Archimedes format archives, the contents of the load and exec fields take precedence.
CRC One half-word, Cyclic Redundancy Check.
Original file length Original file length, one word, only present if header type greater than 1.
Load address Load address of the file, one word, only present if bit-7 of the header version number is set.
Exec address Exec address of the file, one word, only present if bit-7 of the header version number is set.
Attributes Attributes of the file, one word, only present if bit-7 of the header version number is set.
Compressed data... Directories are stored as non-compressed archives within archives, ie. their load address & 0xffffff00=0xfffddc.
PC and Archimedes formats may be mixed in one archive for use on the Archimedes.
arcfs(5), nspark(1)
FSCK(8)                       System Administration                      FSCK(8)
fsck - check and repair a Linux filesystem
fsck [-lsAVRTMNP] [-r [fd]] [-C [fd]] [-t fstype] [filesystem...] [--] [fs-specific-options]
fsck is used to check and optionally repair one or more Linux filesystems. filesystem can be a device name (e.g., /dev/hdc1, /dev/sdb2), a mount point (e.g., /, /usr, /home), or an filesystem label or UUID specifier (e.g., UUID=8868abf6-88c5-4a83-98b8-bfc24057f7bd or LABEL=root). Normally, the fsck program will try to handle filesystems on different physical disk drives in parallel to reduce the total amount of time needed to check all of them.
If no filesystems are specified on the command line, and the -A option is not specified, fsck will default to checking filesystems in /etc/fstab serially. This is equivalent to the -As options.
The exit status returned by fsck is the sum of the following conditions:
0 No errors
1 Filesystem errors corrected
2 System should be rebooted
4 Filesystem errors left uncorrected
8 Operational error
16 Usage or syntax error
32 Checking canceled by user request
128 Shared-library error
The exit status returned when multiple filesystems are checked is the bit-wise OR of the exit statuses for each filesystem that is checked.
In actuality, fsck is simply a front-end for the various filesystem checkers (fsck.fstype) available under Linux. The filesystem-specific checker is searched for in the PATH environment variable. If the PATH is undefined then fallback to /sbin.
Please see the filesystem-specific checker manual pages for further details.
-l Create an exclusive flock(2) lock file (/run/fsck/<diskname>.lock) for whole-disk device. This option can be used with one device only (this means that -A and -l are mutually exclusive). This option is recommended when more fsck instances are executed in the same time. The option is ignored when used for multiple devices or for non-rotating disks. fsck does not lock underlying devices when executed to check stacked devices (e.g. MD or DM) - this feature is not implemented yet.
-r [fd] Report certain statistics for each fsck when it completes. These statistics include the exit status, the maximum run set size (in kilobytes), the elapsed all-clock time and the user and system CPU time used by the fsck run. For example:
/dev/sda1: status 0, rss 92828, real 4.002804, user 2.677592, sys 0.86186
GUI front-ends may specify a file descriptor fd, in which case the progress bar information will be sent to that file descriptor in a machine parsable format. For example:
/dev/sda1 0 92828 4.002804 2.677592 0.86186
-s Serialize fsck operations. This is a good idea if you are checking multiple filesystems and the checkers are in an interactive mode. (Note: e2fsck(8) runs in an interactive mode by default. To make e2fsck(8) run in a non-interactive mode, you must either specify the -p or -a option, if you wish for errors to be corrected automatically, or the -n option if you do not.)
-t fslist Specifies the type(s) of filesystem to be checked. When the -A flag is specified, only filesystems that match fslist are checked. The fslist parameter is a comma-separated list of filesystems and options specifiers. All of the filesystems in this comma-separated list may be prefixed by a negation operator 'no' or '!', which requests that only those filesystems not listed in fslist will be checked. If none of the filesystems in fslist is prefixed by a negation operator, then only those listed filesystems will be checked.
Options specifiers may be included in the comma-separated fslist. They must have the format opts=fs-option. If an options specifier is present, then only filesystems which contain fs-option in their mount options field of /etc/fstab will be checked. If the options specifier is prefixed by a negation operator, then only those filesystems that do not have fs-option in their mount options field of /etc/fstab will be checked.
For example, if opts=ro appears in fslist, then only filesystems listed in /etc/fstab with the ro option will be checked.
For compatibility with Mandrake distributions whose boot scripts depend upon an unauthorized UI change to the fsck program, if a filesystem type of loop is found in fslist, it is treated as if opts=loop were specified as an argument to the -t option.
Normally, the filesystem type is deduced by searching for filesys in the /etc/fstab file and using the corresponding entry. If the type cannot be deduced, and there is only a single filesystem given as an argument to the -t option, fsck will use the specified filesystem type. If this type is not available, then the default filesystem type (currently ext2) is used.
-A Walk through the /etc/fstab file and try to check all filesystems in one run. This option is typically used from the /etc/rc system initialization file, instead of multiple commands for checking a single filesystem.
The root filesystem will be checked first unless the -P option is specified (see below). After that, filesystems will be checked in the order specified by the fs_passno (the sixth) field in the /etc/fstab file. Filesystems with a fs_passno value of 0 are skipped and are not checked at all. Filesystems with a fs_passno value of greater than zero will be checked in order, with filesystems with the lowest fs_passno number being checked first. If there are multiple filesystems with the same pass number, fsck will attempt to check them in parallel, although it will avoid running multiple filesystem checks on the same physical disk.
fsck does not check stacked devices (RAIDs, dm-crypt, ...) in parallel with any other device. See below for FSCK_FORCE_ALL_PARALLEL setting. The /sys filesystem is used to determine dependencies between devices.
Hence, a very common configuration in /etc/fstab files is to set the root filesystem to have a fs_passno value of 1 and to set all other filesystems to have a fs_passno value of 2. This will allow fsck to automatically run filesystem checkers in parallel if it is advantageous to do so. System administrators might choose not to use this configuration if they need to avoid multiple filesystem checks running in parallel for some reason - for example, if the machine in question is short on memory so that excessive paging is a concern.
fsck normally does not check whether the device actually exists before calling a filesystem specific checker. Therefore non-existing devices may cause the system to enter filesystem repair mode during boot if the filesystem specific checker returns a fatal error. The /etc/fstab mount option nofail may be used to have fsck skip non-existing devices. fsck also skips non-existing devices that have the special filesystem type auto.
-C [fd] Display completion/progress bars for those filesystem checkers (currently only for ext[234]) which support them. fsck will manage the filesystem checkers so that only one of them will display a progress bar at a time. GUI front-ends may specify a file descriptor fd, in which case the progress bar information will be sent to that file descriptor.
-M Do not check mounted filesystems and return an exit status of 0 for mounted filesystems.
-N Don’t execute, just show what would be done.
-P When the -A flag is set, check the root filesystem in parallel with the other filesystems. This is not the safest thing in the world to do, since if the root filesystem is in doubt things like the e2fsck(8) executable might be corrupted! This option is mainly provided for those sysadmins who don’t want to repartition the root filesystem to be small and compact (which is really the right solution).
-R When checking all filesystems with the -A flag, skip the root filesystem. (This is useful in case the root filesystem has already been mounted read-write.)
-T Don’t show the title on startup.
-V Produce verbose output, including all filesystem-specific commands that are executed.
-?, --help Display help text and exit.
--version Display version information and exit.
Options which are not understood by fsck are passed to the filesystem-specific checker!
These options must not take arguments, as there is no way for fsck to be able to properly guess which options take arguments and which don’t.
Options and arguments which follow the -- are treated as filesystem-specific options to be passed to the filesystem-specific checker.
Please note that fsck is not designed to pass arbitrarily complicated options to filesystem-specific checkers. If you’re doing something complicated, please just execute the filesystem-specific checker directly. If you pass fsck some horribly complicated options and arguments, and it doesn’t do what you expect, don’t bother reporting it as a bug. You’re almost certainly doing something that you shouldn’t be doing with fsck. Options to different filesystem-specific fsck’s are not standardized.
The fsck program’s behavior is affected by the following environment variables:
FSCK_FORCE_ALL_PARALLEL If this environment variable is set, fsck will attempt to check all of the specified filesystems in parallel, regardless of whether the filesystems appear to be on the same device. (This is useful for RAID systems or high-end storage systems such as those sold by companies such as IBM or EMC.) Note that the fs_passno value is still used.
FSCK_MAX_INST This environment variable will limit the maximum number of filesystem checkers that can be running at one time. This allows configurations which have a large number of disks to avoid fsck starting too many filesystem checkers at once, which might overload CPU and memory resources available on the system. If this value is zero, then an unlimited number of processes can be spawned. This is currently the default, but future versions of fsck may attempt to automatically determine how many filesystem checks can be run based on gathering accounting data from the operating system.
PATH The PATH environment variable is used to find filesystem checkers.
FSTAB_FILE This environment variable allows the system administrator to override the standard location of the /etc/fstab file. It is also useful for developers who are testing fsck.
LIBBLKID_DEBUG=all enables libblkid debug output.
LIBMOUNT_DEBUG=all enables libmount debug output.
Theodore Ts’o <tytso@mit.edu>>, Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
fstab(5), mkfs(8), fsck.ext2(8) or fsck.ext3(8) or e2fsck(8), fsck.cramfs(8), fsck.jfs(8), fsck.nfs(8), fsck.minix(8), fsck.msdos(8), fsck.vfat(8), fsck.xfs(8), reiserfsck(8)
For bug reports, use the issue tracker at https://github.com/karelzak/util-linux/issues.
The fsck command is part of the util-linux package which can be downloaded from Linux Kernel Archive <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/>.
lftp(1)                      General Commands Manual                     lftp(1)
lftp - Sophisticated file transfer program
lftp [-d] [-e cmd] [-p port] [-u user[,pass]] [site] lftp -f script_file lftp -c commands lftp --version lftp --help
This man page documents lftp version 4.8.1.
lftp is a file transfer program that allows sophisticated FTP, HTTP and other connections to other hosts. If site is specified then lftp will connect to that site otherwise a connection has to be established with the open command.
lftp can handle several file access methods - FTP, FTPS, HTTP, HTTPS, HFTP, FISH, SFTP and file (HTTPS and FTPS are only available when lftp is compiled with GNU TLS or OpenSSL library). You can specify the method to use in `open URL' command, e.g. `open http://www.us.kernel.org/pub/linux'. HFTP is ftp-over-http-proxy protocol. It can be used automatically instead of FTP if ftp:proxy is set to `http://proxy[:port]'. Fish is a protocol working over an ssh connection to a unix account. SFtp is a protocol implemented in SSH2 as SFTP subsystem.
Besides FTP-like protocols, lftp has support for BitTorrent protocol as `torrent' command. Seeding is also supported.
Every operation in lftp is reliable, that is any non-fatal error is handled properly and the operation is repeated. So if downloading breaks, it will be restarted from the point automatically. Even if FTP server does not support the REST command, lftp will try to retrieve the file from the very beginning until the file is transferred completely.
lftp has shell-like command syntax allowing you to launch several commands in parallel in background (&). It is also possible to group commands within () and execute them in background. All background jobs are executed in the same single process. You can bring a foreground job to background with ^Z (c-z) and back with command `wait' (or `fg' which is alias to `wait'). To list running jobs, use command `jobs'. Some commands allow redirecting their output (cat, ls, ...) to file or via pipe to external command. Commands can be executed conditionally based on termination status of previous command (&&, ||).
If you exit lftp before all jobs are not finished yet, lftp will move itself to nohup mode in background. The same thing happens with a real modem hangup or when you close an xterm.
lftp has built-in mirror which can download or update a whole directory tree. There is also reverse mirror (mirror -R) which uploads or updates a directory tree on server. Mirror can also synchronize directories between two remote servers, using FXP if available.
There is command `at' to launch a job at specified time in current context, command `queue' to queue commands for sequential execution for current server, and much more.
On startup, lftp executes /etc/lftp.conf and then ~/.lftprc and ~/.lftp/rc (or ~/.config/lftp/rc if ~/.lftp does not exist).  You can place aliases and `set' commands there. Some people prefer to see full protocol debug, use `debug' to turn the debug on. Use `debug 3' to see only greeting messages and error messages.
lftp has a number of settable variables. You can use `set -a' to see all variables and their values or `set -d' to see list of defaults.  Variable names can be abbreviated and prefix can be omitted unless the rest becomes ambiguous.
If lftp was compiled with OpenSSL (configure --with-openssl) it includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/)
Commands ! shell command
Launch shell or shell command.
!ls
To do a directory listing of the local host.
alias  [name [value]]
Define or undefine alias name. If value is omitted, the alias is undefined, else it takes the value value. If no argument is given the current aliases are listed.
alias dir ls -lF alias less zmore
at time [ -- command ]
Wait until the given time and execute given (optional) command. See also at(1).
attach  [PID]
Attach the terminal to specified backgrounded lftp process.
bookmark  [subcommand]
The bookmark command controls bookmarks.
Site names can be used in the open command directly as-is or in any command that accepts input URLs using the bm:site/path format.
add <name> [<loc>]   add current place or given location to bookmarks and bind to given name del <name>           remove bookmark with name edit                 start editor on bookmarks file import <type>        import foreign bookmarks list                 list bookmarks (default)
cache  [subcommand]
The cache command controls local memory cache.  The following subcommands are recognized:
stat        print cache status (default)
on|off      turn on/off caching flush       flush cache size lim    set memory limit, -1 means unlimited expire Nx   set cache expiration time to N seconds (x=s) minutes (x=m) hours (x=h) or days (x=d)
cat files
cat outputs the remote file(s) to stdout.  (See also more, zcat and zmore)
cd rdir
Change current remote directory.  The previous remote directory is stored as `-'. You can do `cd -' to change the directory back.  The previous directory for each site is also stored on disk, so you can do `open site; cd -' even after lftp restart.
chmod [OPTS] mode files...
Change permission mask on remote files. The mode can be an octal number or a symbolic mode (see chmod(1)).
-c, --changes     like verbose but report only when a change is made -f, --quiet       suppress most error messages -v, --verbose     output a diagnostic for every file processed -R, --recursive   change files and directories recursively
close [-a]
Close idle connections.  By default only with the current server, use -a to close all idle connections.
cls [OPTS] files...
`cls' tries to retrieve information about specified files or directories and outputs the information according to format options. The difference between `ls' and `cls' is that `ls' requests the server to format file listing, and `cls' formats it itself, after retrieving all the needed information.
-1                         single-column output -a, --all                  show dot files -B, --basename             show basename of files only --block-size=SIZ       use SIZ-byte blocks -d, --directory            list directory entries instead of contents -F, --classify             append indicator (one of /@) to entries -h, --human-readable       print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K) --si                   likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024 -k, --kilobytes            like --block-size=1024 -l, --long                 use a long listing format -q, --quiet                don't show status -s, --size                 print size of each file --filesize             if printing size, only print size for files -i, --nocase               case-insensitive pattern matching -I, --sortnocase           sort names case-insensitively -D, --dirsfirst            list directories first --sort=OPT             "name", "size", "date" -S                         sort by file size --user, --group, --perms, --date,
--linkcount, --links   show individual fields --time-style=STYLE     use specified time format
command cmd args...
execute given command ignoring aliases.
debug [OPTS] level|off
Switch debugging to level or turn it off. Options:
-T        truncate output file -o <file> redirect debug output to the file -c        show message context -p        show PID -t        show timestamps
du [OPTS] path...
Summarize disk usage. Options:
-a, --all              write counts for all files, not just directories --block-size=SIZ   use SIZ-byte blocks -b, --bytes            print size in bytes -c, --total            produce a grand total -d, --max-depth=N      print the total for a directory (or file, with --all) only if it is N or fewer levels below the command line argument; --max-depth=0 is the same as --summarize -F, --files            print number of files instead of sizes -h, --human-readable   print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G) -H, --si               likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024 -k, --kilobytes        like --block-size=1024 -m, --megabytes        like --block-size=1048576 -S, --separate-dirs    do not include size of subdirectories -s, --summarize        display only a total for each argument --exclude=PAT      exclude files that match PAT
echo [-n] string
Prints (echos) the given string to the display.
edit [OPTS] file
Retrieve remote file to a temporary location, run a local editor on it and upload the file back if changed. Options:
-k        keep the temporary file -o <temp> explicit temporary file location
eval [-f format ] args...
without -f it executes given arguments as a command. With -f, arguments are transformed into a new command. The format can contain plain text and placeholders $0...$9 and $@, corresponding to the arguments.
exit [bg] [top] [parent] [kill] [code]
exit will exit from lftp or move to background if there are active jobs. If no job is active, code is passed to operating system as lftp's termination status. If code is omitted, the exit code of last command is used.
`exit bg' forces moving to background when cmd:move-background is false. `exit top' makes top level `shell' (internal lftp command executor) terminate.  `exit parent' terminates the parent shell when running a nested script.  `exit kill' kills all numbered jobs before exiting. The options can be combined, e.g.  `at 08:00 -- exit top kill &' kills all jobs and makes lftp exit at specified time.
Alias for `wait'.
find [OPTS] directory...
List files in the directory (current directory by default) recursively. This can help with servers lacking ls -R support. You can redirect output of this command. Options:
-d MD, --max-depth=MD   specify maximum scan depth -l,    --ls             use long listing format
ftpcopy
Obsolete. Use one of the following instead: get ftp://... -o ftp://... get -O ftp://... file1 file2... put ftp://... mput ftp://.../* mget -O ftp://... ftp://.../* or other combinations to get FXP transfer (directly between two FTP servers).  lftp would fallback to plain copy (via client) if FXP transfer cannot be initiated or ftp:use-fxp is false.
get [-E] [-a] [-c] [-e] [-P N] [-O base] rfile [-o lfile] ...
Retrieve the remote file rfile and store it as the local file lfile.  If -o is omitted, the file is stored to local file named as base name of rfile. You can get multiple files by specifying multiple instances of rfile (and -o lfile). Does not expand wildcards, use mget for that.
-c          continue, reget -E          delete source files after successful transfer -e          delete target file before the transfer -a          use ascii mode (binary is the default) -P N        download N files in parallel -O <base>   specifies base directory or URL where files should be placed
Examples: get README get README -o debian.README get README README.mirrors get README -o debian.README README.mirrors -o debian.mirrors get README -o ftp://some.host.org/debian.README get README -o ftp://some.host.org/debian-dir/   (end slash is important)
get1 [OPTS] rfile
Transfer a single file. Options:
-o <lfile>                  destination file name (default - basename of rfile) -c                          continue, reget -E                          delete source files after successful transfer -a                          use ascii mode (binary is the default) -d                          create the directory of the target file
--source-region=<from-to>   transfer specified region of source file --target-position=<pos>     position in target file to write data at
glob  [OPTS] [command] patterns
Glob given patterns containing metacharacters and pass result to given command or return appropriate exit code.
-f            plain files (default) -d            directories -a            all types --exist       return zero exit code when the patterns expand to non-empty list --not-exist   return zero exit code when the patterns expand to an empty list
Examples: glob echo * glob --exist *.csv && echo "There are *.csv files"
help [cmd]
Print help for cmd or if no cmd was specified print a list of available commands.
history [OPTS] [cnt]
View or manipulate the command history.  Optional argument cnt specifies the number of history lines to list, or "all" to list all entries. Options:
-w <file> Write history to file. -r <file> Read history from file; appends to current history. -c        Clear the history. -l        List the history (default).
jobs [OPTS] [job_no...]
List running jobs. If job_no is specified, only list a job with that number.  Options:
-v   verbose, several -v increase verbosity -r   list just one specified job without recursion
kill all|job_no
Delete specified job with job_no or all jobs.  (For job_no see jobs)
lcd ldir
Change current local directory ldir. The previous local directory is stored as `-'. You can do `lcd -' to change the directory back.
ln [-s] existing-file new-link
Make a hard/symbolic link to an existing file.  Option -s selects creation of a symbolic link.
Run specified command with local directory file:// session instead of remote session. Examples: local pwd local ls local mirror /dir1 /dir2
lpwd
Print current working directory on local machine.
ls params
List remote files. You can redirect output of this command to file or via pipe to external command.  By default, ls output is cached, to see new listing use rels or cache flush.
mget [-c] [-d] [-a] [-E] [-e] [-P N] [-O base] files
Gets selected files with expanded wildcards.
-c          continue, reget. -d          create directories the same as file names and get the files into them instead of current directory. -E          delete source files after successful transfer -e          delete target file before the transfer -a          use ascii mode (binary is the default) -P N        download N files in parallel -O <base>   specifies base directory or URL where files should be placed
mirror [OPTS] [source [target]]
Mirror specified source directory to the target directory.
By default the source is remote and the target is a local directory. When using -R, the source directory is local and the target is remote. If the target directory is omitted, base name of the source directory is used.  If both directories are omitted, current local and remote directories are used.
The source and/or the target may be URLs pointing to directories.
If the target directory ends with a slash (except the root directory) then base name of the source directory is appended.
-c,      --continue                 continue a mirror job if possible -e,      --delete                   delete files not present at the source --delete-excluded          delete files excluded at the target --delete-first             delete old files before transferring new ones --depth-first              descend into subdirectories before transferring files --scan-all-first           scan all directories recursively before transferring files -s,      --allow-suid               set suid/sgid bits according to the source --allow-chown              try to set owner and group on files --ascii                    use ascii mode transfers (implies --ignore-size) --ignore-time              ignore time when deciding whether to download --ignore-size              ignore size when deciding whether to download --only-missing             download only missing files --only-existing            download only files already existing at target
-n,      --only-newer               download only newer files (-c won't work) --upload-older             upload even files older than the target ones --transfer-all             transfer all files, even seemingly the same at the target site --no-empty-dirs            don't create empty directories (implies --depth-first) -r,      --no-recursion             don't go to subdirectories --recursion=MODE           go to subdirectories on a condition --no-symlinks              don't create symbolic links -p,      --no-perms                 don't set file permissions --no-umask                 don't apply umask to file modes -R,      --reverse                  reverse mirror (put files) -L,      --dereference              download symbolic links as files --overwrite                overwrite plain files without removing them first --no-overwrite             remove and re-create plain files instead of overwriting -N,      --newer-than=SPEC          download only files newer than specified time --older-than=SPEC          download only files older than specified time --size-range=RANGE         download only files with size in specified range -P,      --parallel[=N]             download N files in parallel --use-pget[-n=N]           use pget to transfer every single file --on-change=CMD            execute the command if anything has been changed --loop                     repeat mirror until no changes found -i RX,   --include=RX               include matching files -x RX,   --exclude=RX               exclude matching files -I GP,   --include-glob=GP          include matching files -X GP,   --exclude-glob=GP          exclude matching files --include-rx-from=FILE --exclude-rx-from=FILE --include-glob-from=FILE --exclude-glob-from=FILE   load include/exclude patterns from the file, one per line -f FILE, --file=FILE                mirror a single file or globbed group (e.g. /path/to/*.txt) -F DIR,  --directory=DIR            mirror a single directory or globbed group (e.g. /path/to/dir*) -O DIR,  --target-directory=DIR     target base path or URL -v,      --verbose[=level]          verbose operation --log=FILE                 write lftp commands being executed to FILE --script=FILE              write lftp commands to FILE, but don't execute them --just-print, --dry-run    same as --script=- --max-errors=N             stop after this number of errors --skip-noaccess            don't try to transfer files with no read access. --use-cache                use cached directory listings --Remove-source-files      remove source files after transfer (use with caution)
--Remove-source-dirs       remove source files and directories after transfer (use with caution).  Top level directory is not removed if it's name ends with a slash. --Move                     same as --Remove-source-dirs -a                                  same as --allow-chown --allow- suid --no-umask RX is an extended regular expression, just like in egrep(1).
GP is a glob pattern, e.g. `*.zip'.
Include and exclude options can be specified multiple times. It means that a file or directory would be mirrored if it matches an include and does not match to excludes after the include, or does not match anything and the first check is exclude. Directories are matched with a slash appended.
Note that symbolic links are not created when uploading to remote server, because FTP protocol cannot do it. To upload files the links refer to, use `mirror -RL' command (treat symbolic links as files).
For options --newer-than and --older-than you can either specify a file or time specification like that used by at(1) command, e.g.  `now-7days' or `week ago'. If you specify a file, then modification time of that file will be used.
Verbosity level can be selected using --verbose=level option or by several -v options, e.g. -vvv. Levels are: 0 - no output (default) 1 - print actions 2 - +print not deleted file names (when -e is not specified) 3 - +print directory names which are mirrored
--only-newer turns off file size comparison and uploads/downloads only newer files even if size is different. By default older files are transferred and replace newer ones.
--upload-older allows replacing newer remote files with older ones (when the target side is remote). Some remote back-ends cannot preserve timestamps so the default is to keep newer files.
Recursion mode can be one of `always', `never', `missing', `newer'. With the option `newer' mirror compares timestamps of directories and enters a directory only if it is older or missing on the target side. Be aware that when a file changes the directory timestamp may stay the same, so mirror won't process that directory.
The options --file and --directory may be used multiple times and even mixed provided that base directories of the paths are the same.
You can mirror between two servers if you specify URLs instead of directories.  FXP is automatically used for transfers between FTP servers, if possible.
Some FTP servers hide dot-files by default (e.g. .htaccess), and show them only when LIST command is used with -a option. In such case try to use `set ftp:list-options -a'.
The recursion modes `newer' and `missing' conflict with --scan-all-first, --depth-first, --no-empty-dirs and setting mirror:no-empty-dirs=true.
mkdir [-p] [-f] dir(s)
Make remote directories. If -p is used, make all components of paths. The -f option makes mkdir quiet and suppresses messages.
module module [ args ]
Load given module using dlopen(3) function. If module name does not contain a slash, it is searched in directories specified by module:path variable.  Arguments are passed to module_init function. See README.modules for technical details.
Same as `cat files | more'. if PAGER is set, it is used as filter.  (See also cat, zcat and zmore)
mput [-c] [-d] [-a] [-E] [-e] [-P N] [-O base] files
Upload files with wildcard expansion. By default it uses the base name of local name as remote one. This can be changed by `-d' option.
-c          continue, reput -d          create directories the same as in file names and put the files into them instead of current directory -E          delete source files after successful transfer (dangerous) -e          delete target file before the transfer -a          use ascii mode (binary is the default) -P N        upload N files in parallel -O <base>   specifies base directory or URL where files should be placed
mrm file(s)
Same as `glob rm'. Removes specified file(s) with wildcard expansion.
mmv [-O directory] file(s) directory
Move specified files to a target directory. The target directory can be specified after -O option or as the last argument.
-O <dir>   specifies the target directory where files should be placed
mv file1 file2
Rename file1 to file2. No wildcard exmapsion is performed.  If you give more than two arguments, or the last argument ends with a slash, then mmv command is executed instead.
nlist [args]
List remote file names
open [OPTS] site
Select a server by host name, URL or bookmark. When an URL or bookmark is given, automatically change the current working directory to the directory of the URL.  Options:
-e cmd            execute the command just after selecting the server -u user[,pass]    use the user/password for authentication -p port           use the port for connection -s slot           assign the connection to this slot -d                enable debug -B                don't look up bookmarks --user user       use the user for authentication --password pass   use the password for authentication
--env-password    take password from LFTP_PASSWORD environment variable site              host name, URL or bookmark name
pget [OPTS] rfile [-o lfile]
Gets the specified file using several connections. This can speed up transfer, but loads the net and server heavily impacting other users. Use only if you really have to transfer the file ASAP.  Options:
-c           continue transfer. Requires lfile.lftp-pget-status file. -n maxconn   set maximum number of connections (default is taken from pget:default-n setting)
put [-E] [-a] [-c] [-e] [-P N] [-O base] lfile [-o rfile]
Upload lfile with remote name rfile. If -o omitted, the base name of lfile is used as remote name. Does not expand wildcards, use mput for that.
-o <rfile>   specifies remote file name (default - basename of lfile) -c           continue, reput. It requires permission to overwrite remote files -E           delete source files after successful transfer (dangerous) -e           delete target file before the transfer -a           use ascii mode (binary is the default) -P N         upload N files in parallel -O <base>    specifies base directory or URL where files should be placed
pwd [-p]
Print current remote URL. Use `-p' option to show password in the URL.
queue [-n num ] cmd
Add the given command to queue for sequential execution. Each site has its own queue. `-n' adds the command before the given item in the queue. Don't try to queue `cd' or `lcd' commands, it may confuse lftp. Instead do the cd/lcd before `queue' command, and it will remember the place in which the command is to be done. It is possible to queue up an already running job by `queue wait <jobno>', but the job will continue execution even if it is not the first in queue.
`queue stop' will stop the queue, it will not execute any new commands, but already running jobs will continue to run. You can use `queue stop' to create an empty stopped queue. `queue start' will resume queue execution.  When you exit lftp, it will start all stopped queues automatically.
`queue' with no arguments will either create a stopped queue or print queue status.
queue --delete|-d [index or wildcard expression]
Delete one or more items from the queue. If no argument is given, the last entry in the queue is deleted.
queue --move|-m <index or wildcard expression> [index]
Move the given items before the given queue index, or to the end if no destination is given.
-q   Be quiet. -v   Be verbose. -Q   Output in a format that can be used to re-queue. Useful with --delete.
Examples: > get file & [1] get file > queue wait 1 > queue get another_file > cd a_directory > queue get yet_another_file
queue -d 3             Delete the third item in the queue. queue -m 6 4           Move the sixth item in the queue before the fourth. queue -m "get*zip" 1   Move all commands matching "get*zip" to the beginning of the queue.  (The order of the items is preserved.) queue -d "get*zip"     Delete all commands matching "get*zip".
For FTP - send the command uninterpreted. Use with caution - it can lead to unknown remote state and thus will cause reconnect. You cannot be sure that any change of remote state because of quoted command is solid - it can be reset by reconnect at any time.
For HTTP - specific to HTTP action. Syntax: ``quote <command> [<args>]''. Command may be ``set-cookie'' or ``post''. open http://www.site.net quote set-cookie "variable=value; othervar=othervalue" set http:post-content-type application/x-www-form-urlencoded quote post /cgi-bin/script.cgi "var=value&othervar=othervalue" > local_file
For FISH - send the command uninterpreted. This can be used to execute arbitrary commands on server. The command must not take input or print ### at new line beginning. If it does, the protocol will become out of sync. open fish://server quote find -name \*.zip
reget rfile [-o lfile]
Same as `get -c'.
rels [args]
Same as `ls', but ignores the cache.
renlist [args]
Same as `nlist', but ignores the cache.
repeat [OPTS] [[-d] delay] [command]
Repeat specified command with a delay between iterations.  Default delay is one second, default command is empty.
-c <count>    maximum number of iterations -d <delay>    delay between iterations --while-ok    stop when command exits with non-zero code --until-ok    stop when command exits with zero code --weak        stop when lftp moves to background.
Examples: repeat at tomorrow -- mirror repeat 1d mirror
reput lfile [-o rfile]
Same as `put -c'.
rm [-r] [-f] files
Remove remote files.  Does not expand wildcards, use mrm for that. -r is for recursive directory remove. Be careful, if something goes wrong you can lose files. -f suppress error messages.
rmdir dir(s)
Remove remote directories.
scache [session]
List cached sessions or switch to specified session.
set [var [val]]
Set variable to given value. If the value is omitted, unset the variable. Variable name has format ``name/closure'', where closure can specify exact application of the setting. See below for details.  If set is called with no variable then only altered settings are listed.  It can be changed by options:
-a   list all settings, including default values -d   list only default values, not necessary current ones
site site_cmd
Execute site command site_cmd and output the result.  You can redirect its output.
Sleep given time interval and exit. Interval is in seconds by default, but can be suffixed with 'm', 'h', 'd' for minutes, hours and days respectively.  See also at.
slot [name]
Select specified slot or list all slots allocated. A slot is a connection to a server, somewhat like a virtual console. You can create multiple slots connected to different servers and switch between them. You can also use slot:name as a pseudo-URL evaluating to that slot location.
Default readline binding allows quick switching between slots named 0-9 using Meta-0 - Meta-9 keys (often you can use Alt instead of Meta).
source file source -e command
Execute commands recorded in file file or returned by specified external command. source ~/.lftp/rc source -e echo help