neulab/tldr huggingface dataset:
Building an image using a Dockerfile located inside the current directory Docker images can be built using the build command and a Dockerfile:
docker build .
During the build process Docker creates intermediate images. In order to keep them, you must explicitly set --rm false.
docker build --rm false .
A good practice is to make a sub-directory with a related name and create the Dockerfile in that directory. For example, a directory called mongo may contain a Dockerfile to create a Docker MongoDB image. Likewise, another directory called httpd may be used to store Dockerfiles for Apache web server images.
It is also a good practice to add the files required for the image to the sub-directory. These files will then be specified with the COPY or ADD instructions in the Dockerfile.
Note: If you include a tar file (a good practice), then Docker will automatically extract the contents of the tar file specified within the ADD instruction into the specified target.
Building an image and naming that image A good practice is to give a name to the image you are building. Note that only a-z0-9-_. should be used for consistency.  There are no hard rules here but it is best to give the names consideration.
The -t/--tag flag is used to rename an image. Here are some examples:
Though it is not a good practice, image names can be arbitrary:
docker build -t myimage .
A better approach is to provide a fully qualified and meaningful repository, name, and tag (where the tag in this context means the qualifier after the ":"). In this example we build a JBoss image for the Fedora repository and give it the version 1.0:
docker build -t fedora/jboss:1.0 .
The next example is for the "whenry" user repository and uses Fedora and JBoss and gives it the version 2.1 :
docker build -t whenry/fedora-jboss:v2.1 .
If you do not provide a version tag then Docker will assign latest:
docker build -t whenry/fedora-jboss .
When you list the images, the image above will have the tag latest.
You can apply multiple tags to an image. For example, you can apply the latest tag to a newly built image and add another tag that references a specific version.  For example, to tag an image both as whenry/fedora- jboss:latest and whenry/fedora-jboss:v2.1, use the following:
docker build -t whenry/fedora-jboss:latest -t whenry/fedora-jboss:v2.1 .
So renaming an image is arbitrary but consideration should be given to a useful convention that makes sense for consumers and should also take into account Docker community conventions.
Building an image using a URL This will clone the specified GitHub repository from the URL and use it as context. The Dockerfile at the root of the repository is used as Dockerfile. This only works if the GitHub repository is a dedicated repository.
docker build github.com/scollier/purpletest
Note: You can set an arbitrary Git repository via the git:// scheme.
Building an image using a URL to a tarball'ed context This will send the URL itself to the Docker daemon. The daemon will fetch the tarball archive, decompress it and use its contents as the build context.  The Dockerfile at the root of the archive and the rest of the archive will get used as the context of the build. If you pass an -f PATH/Dockerfile option as well, the system will look for that file inside the contents of the tarball.
docker build -f dev/Dockerfile https://10.10.10.1/docker/context.tar.gz
Note: supported compression formats are 'xz', 'bzip2', 'gzip' and 'identity' (no compression).
Specify isolation technology for container (--isolation) This option is useful in situations where you are running Docker containers on Windows. The --isolation <value> option sets a container's isolation technology. On Linux, the only supported is the default option which uses Linux namespaces. On Microsoft Windows, you can specify these values:
Specifying the --isolation flag without a value is the same as setting --isolation "default".
March 2014, Originally compiled by William Henry (whenry at redhat dot com) based on docker.com source material and internal work.  June 2014, updated by Sven Dowideit SvenDowideit@home.org.au ⟨mailto:SvenDowideit@home.org.au⟩ June 2015, updated by Sally O'Malley somalley@redhat.com ⟨mailto:somalley@redhat.com⟩ August 2020, Updated by Des Preston despreston@gmail.com ⟨mailto:despreston@gmail.com⟩
ZOXIDE(1)                            zoxide                            ZOXIDE(1)
zoxide - a smarter cd command
zoxide SUBCOMMAND [OPTIONS]
zoxide is a smarter cd command for your terminal. It keeps track of the directories you use most frequently, and uses a ranking algorithm to navigate to the best match.
$ z foo        # cd into highest ranked directory matching foo $ z foo bar    # cd into highest ranked directory matching foo and bar
$ z ~/foo      # z also works like a regular cd command $ z foo/       # cd into relative path $ z ..         # cd one level up $ z -          # cd into previous directory
$ zi foo       # cd with interactive selection (using fzf)
zoxide-add(1) Add a new directory to the database, or increment its rank.
zoxide-import(1) Import entries from another application.
zoxide-init(1) Generate shell configuration.
zoxide-query(1) Search for a directory in the database.
zoxide-remove(1) Remove a directory from the database.
Environment variables can be used for configuration. They must be set before zoxide-init(1) is called.
_ZO_DATA_DIR Specifies the directory in which the database is stored. The default value varies across OSes:
OS          Path Linux/BSD   $XDG_DATA_HOME or $HOME/.local/share, eg. /home/alice/.local/share macOS       $HOME/Library/Application Support, eg. /Users/Alice/Library/Application Support
Windows     {FOLDERID_RoamingAppData}, eg. C:\Users\Alice\AppData\Roaming
_ZO_ECHO When set to 1, z will print the matched directory before navigating to it.
_ZO_EXCLUDE_DIRS Prevents the specified directories from being added to the database. This is provided as a list of globs, separated by OS- specific characters:
OS                Separator Linux/macOS/BSD   :, eg. $HOME:$HOME/private/* Windows           ;, eg. $HOME;$HOME/private/*
By default, this is set to $HOME. After setting this up, you might need to use zoxide-remove(1) to remove any existing entries from the database.
_ZO_FZF_OPTS Custom options to pass to fzf during interactive selection. See fzf(1) for the list of options.
_ZO_MAXAGE Configures the aging algorithm, which limits the maximum number of entries in the database. By default, this is set to 10000.
_ZO_RESOLVE_SYMLINKS When set to 1, z will resolve symlinks before adding directories to the database.
AGING  zoxide uses a parameter called _ZO_MAXAGE to limit the number of entries in the database based on usage patterns. If the total FRECENCY of the directories in the database exceeds this value, we divide each directory's score by a factor k - such that the new total becomes ~90% of _ZO_MAXAGE. Thereafter, if the new score of any directory falls below 1, it is removed from the database.
Theoretically, the maximum number of directories in the database is 4 * _ZO_MAXAGE, although it is lower in practice.
FRECENCY Each directory in zoxide is given a score, starting with 1 the first time it is accessed. Every subsequent access increases the score by 1. When a query is made, we calculate frecency based on the last time the directory was accessed:
Last access time       Frecency Within the last hour   score * 4 Within the last day    score * 2 Within the last week   score / 2 Otherwise              score / 4
For any issues, feature requests, or questions, please visit:
https://github.com/ajeetdsouza/zoxide/issues.
Ajeet D'Souza <98ajeet@gmail.com>
ASPELL(1)               Aspell Abbreviated User's Manual               ASPELL(1)
aspell - interactive spell checker
aspell [options] <command>
aspell is a utility program that connects to the Aspell library so that it can function as an ispell -a replacement, as an independent spell checker, as a test utility to test out Aspell library features, and as a utility for managing dictionaries used by the library.
The Aspell library contains an interface allowing other programs direct access to its functions and therefore reducing the complex task of spell checking to simple library calls.  The default library does not contain dictionary word lists.  To add language dictionaries, please check your distro first for modified dictionaries, otherwise look here for base language dictionaries <http://aspell.net>.
The following information describes the commands and options used by the Aspell Utility.
This manual page is maintained separately from the official documentation so it may be out of date or incomplete.  The official documentation is maintained as a Texinfo manual.  See the `aspell' entry in info for more complete documentation.
<command> is one of:
usage, -? Send a brief Aspell Utility usage message to standard output. This is a short summary listing more common spell-check commands and options.
help   Send a detailed Aspell Utility help message to standard output. This is a complete list showing all commands, options, filters and dictionaries.
version, -v Print version number of Aspell Library and Utility to standard output.
check <file>, -c <file> Spell-check a single file.
pipe, -a Run Aspell in ispell -a compatibility mode.
list   Produce a list of misspelled words from standard input.
[dump] config Dump all current configuration options to standard output.
config <key> Send the current value of <key> to standard output.
soundslike Output the soundslike equivalent of each word entered.
munch  Generate possible root words and affixes from an input list of words.
expand [1-4] Expands the affix flags of each affix compressed word entered.
clean [strict] Cleans an input word list so that every line is a valid word.
munch-list [simple] [single|multi] [keep] Reduce the size of a word list via affix compression.
conv <from> <to> [<norm-form>] Converts <from> one encoding <to> another.
norm (<norm-map>|<from> <norm-map> <to>) [<norm-form>] Perform Unicode normalization.
[dump] dicts|filters|modes Lists available dictionaries, filters, or modes.
dump|create|merge master|personal|repl <wordlist> dump, create, or merge a master, personal, or replacement word list.
The following options may be used to control which dictionaries to use and how they behave.
--master=<name>, -d <name> Base name of the dictionary to use.  If this option is specified then Aspell will either use this dictionary or die.
--dict-dir=<directory> Location of the main dictionary word list.
--lang=<string>, -l <string> Language to use.  It follows the same format of the LANG environmental variable on most systems.  It consists of the two letter ISO 639 language code and an optional two letter ISO 3166 country code after a dash or underscore.  The default value is based on the value of the LC_MESSAGES locale.
--size=<string> The preferred size of the dictionary word list.  This consists of a two char digit code describing the size of the list, with typical values of: 10=tiny, 20=really small, 30=small, 40=med- small, 50=med, 60=med-large, 70=large, 80=huge, 90=insane.
--variety=<string> Any extra information to distinguish this variety of dictionary from other dictionaries which may have the same lang and size.
--jargon=<string> Please use the variety option since it replaces jargon as a better choice.  jargon will be removed in the future.
--word-list-path=<list of directories> Search path for word list information files.
--personal=<file>, -p <file> Personal word list file name.
--repl=<file> Replacements list file name.
--extra-dicts=<list> Extra dictionaries to use.
--ignore-accents This option is not yet implemented.
These options control the behavior of Aspell when checking documents.
--ignore=<integer>, -W <integer> Ignore words <= <integer> characters in length.
--ignore-case, --dont-ignore-case Ignore case when checking words.
--ignore-repl, --dont-ignore-repl Ignore commands to store replacement pairs.
--save-repl, --dont-save-repl Save the replacement word list on save all.
--sug-mode=<mode> Suggestion <mode> = ultra|fast|normal|bad-spellers
These options modify the behavior of the various filters.
--add-filter=<list>, --rem-filter=<list> Add or remove a filter.
--add-filter-path=<paths>, --rem-filter-path=<paths> Add or remove paths searched for filters.
--mode=<string>, -e, -H, -t, -n Sets the filter mode.  Mode is one of none, url, email, html, tex or nroff.  The alternative shortcut options are '-e' for email, '-H' for Html/Sgml, '-t' for Tex or '-n' for Nroff.
--encoding=<string> encoding the document is expected to be in.  The default depends on the current locale.
--add-email-quote=<list>, --rem-email-quote=<list> Add or Remove a list of email quote characters.
--email-margin=<integer> Number of chars that can appear before the quote char.
--add-html-check=<list>, --rem-html-check=<list> Add or remove a list of HTML attributes to always check.  For example, look inside alt= tags.
--add-html-skip=<list>, --rem-html-skip=<list> Add or remove a list of HTML attributes to always skip while spell checking.
--add-sgml-check=<list>, --rem-sgml-check=<list> Add or remove a list of SGML attributes to always check for spelling.
--add-sgml-skip=<list>, --rem-sgml-skip=<list> Add or remove a list of SGML attributes to always skip while spell checking.
--sgml-extension=<list> SGML file extensions.
--tex-check-comments, --dont-tex-check-comments Check TeX comments.
--add-tex-command=<list>, --rem-tex-command=<list> Add or Remove a list of TeX commands.
RUN-TOGETHER WORD OPTIONS These may be used to control the behavior of run-together words.
--run-together, --dont-run-together, -C, -B Consider run-together words valid.
--run-together-limit=<integer> Maximum number of words that can be strung together.
--run-together-min=<integer> Minimal length of interior words.
Miscellaneous options that don't fall under any other category.
--conf=<file name> Main configuration file.  This file overrides Aspell's global defaults.
--conf-dir=<directory> Location of main configuration file.
--data-dir=<directory> Location of language data files.
--keyboard=<keyboard> Use this keyboard layout for suggesting possible words.  These spelling errors happen if a user accidentally presses a key next to the intended correct key.
--local-data-dir=<directory> Alternative location of language data files.  This directory is searched before data-dir.
--home-dir=<directory> Directory Location for personal wordlist files.
--per-conf=<file name> Personal configuration file.  This file overrides options found in the global config file.
These options are part of the aspell Utility and work independently of the library.
--backup, --dont-backup, -b, -x The aspell utility creates a backup file by making a copy and appending .bak to file name.  This only applies when the command is check <file> and the backup file is only created if any spelling modifications take place.
--byte-offsets, --dont-byte-offsets Use byte offsets instead of character offsets.
--guess, --dont-guess, -m, -P Create missing root/affix combinations not in the dictionary in pipe mode.
--keymapping=aspell, --keymapping=ispell The keymapping to use, either aspell for the default mapping or ispell to use the same mapping that the Ispell utility uses.
--reverse, --dont-reverse Reverse the order of the suggestions list in pipe mode.
--suggest, --dont-suggest Suggest possible replacements in pipe mode.  If false, Aspell will simply report the misspelling and make no attempt at suggestions or possible corrections.
--time, --dont-time Time the load time and suggest a time in pipe mode.
In addition Aspell will try to make sense out of Ispell's command line options so that it can function as a drop in replacement for Ispell.  If Aspell is run without any command line options it will display a brief help screen and quit.
Aspell can accept options via global or personal configuration files so that you do not need to specify them each time at the command line.  The default global configuration file is /etc/aspell.conf or another file specified by option --conf and is checked first.  The default per user configuration file ~/.aspell.conf located in the $HOME directory (or another file specified by option --per-conf) is checked next and overrides options set in the global config file.  Options specified at either the command line or via an environmental variable override those specified by either configuration file.
Each line of the configuration file has the format:
option [value]
where option is any one of the standard library options above without the leading dashes.  For example the following line will set the default language to Swiss German:
lang de_CH
There may be any number of spaces between the option and the value, however it can only be spaces, i.e. there is no '=' between the option name and the value.  Comments may also be included by preceding them with a '#' as anything from a '#' to a newline is ignored.  Blank lines are also allowed.  The /etc/aspell.conf file is a good example of how to set these options and the Aspell Manual has more detailed info.
aspell-import(1), prezip-bin(1), run-with-aspell(1), word-list-compress(1)
Aspell is fully documented in its Texinfo manual.  See the `aspell' entry in info for more complete documentation.
Support for Aspell can be found on the Aspell mailing lists. Instructions for joining the various mailing lists (and an archive of them) can be found off the Aspell home page at <http://aspell.net>.  Bug reports should be submitted via GitHub Issues rather than being posted to the mailing lists.
This manual page was written by Brian Nelson <pyro@debian.org> based on the Aspell User's Manual, Copyright Â© 2002 Kevin Atkinson.  Updated Nov 2006 by Jose Da Silva <digital@joescat.com>, and Dec 2006 by Kevin Atkinson <kevina@gnu.org>.
IFCONFIG(8)            Linux System Administrator's Manual           IFCONFIG(8)
ifconfig - configure a network interface
ifconfig [-v] [-a] [-s] [interface] ifconfig [-v] interface [aftype] options | address ...
Ifconfig is used to configure the kernel-resident network interfaces.  It is used at boot time to set up interfaces as necessary.  After that, it is usually only needed when debugging or when system tuning is needed.
If no arguments are given, ifconfig displays the status of the currently active interfaces.  If a single interface argument is given, it displays the status of the given interface only; if a single -a argument is given, it displays the status of all interfaces, even those that are down. Otherwise, it configures an interface.
Address Families If the first argument after the interface name is recognized as the name of a supported address family, that address family is used for decoding and displaying all protocol addresses.  Currently supported address families include inet (TCP/IP, default), inet6 (IPv6), ax25 (AMPR Packet Radio), ddp (Appletalk Phase 2), ipx (Novell IPX) and netrom (AMPR Packet radio).  All numbers supplied as parts in IPv4 dotted decimal notation may be decimal, octal, or hexadecimal, as specified in the ISO C standard (that is, a leading 0x or 0X implies hexadecimal; otherwise, a leading '0' implies octal; otherwise, the number is interpreted as decimal). Use of hexadecimal and octal numbers is not RFC-compliant and therefore its use is discouraged.
-a     display all interfaces which are currently available, even if down
-s     display a short list (like netstat -i)
-v     be more verbose for some error conditions
interface The name of the interface.  This is usually a driver name followed by a unit number, for example eth0 for the first Ethernet interface. If your kernel supports alias interfaces, you can specify them with syntax like eth0:0 for the first alias of eth0. You can use them to assign more addresses. To delete an alias interface use ifconfig eth0:0 down.  Note: for every scope (i.e. same net with address/netmask combination) all aliases are deleted, if you delete the first (primary).
up     This flag causes the interface to be activated.  It is implicitly specified if an address is assigned to the interface; you can suppress this behavior when using an alias interface by appending an - to the alias (e.g.  eth0:0-).  It is also suppressed when using the IPv4 0.0.0.0 address as the kernel will use this to implicitly delete alias interfaces.
down   This flag causes the driver for this interface to be shut down.
[-]arp Enable or disable the use of the ARP protocol on this interface.
[-]promisc Enable or disable the promiscuous mode of the interface.  If selected, all packets on the network will be received by the interface.
[-]allmulti Enable or disable all-multicast mode.  If selected, all multicast packets on the network will be received by the interface.
mtu N  This parameter sets the Maximum Transfer Unit (MTU) of an interface.
dstaddr addr Set the remote IP address for a point-to-point link (such as PPP). This keyword is now obsolete; use the pointopoint keyword instead.
netmask addr Set the IP network mask for this interface.  This value defaults to the usual class A, B or C network mask (as derived from the interface IP address), but it can be set to any value.
add addr/prefixlen Add an IPv6 address to an interface.
del addr/prefixlen Remove an IPv6 address from an interface.
tunnel ::aa.bb.cc.dd Create a new SIT (IPv6-in-IPv4) device, tunnelling to the given destination.
irq addr Set the interrupt line used by this device.  Not all devices can dynamically change their IRQ setting.
io_addr addr Set the start address in I/O space for this device.
mem_start addr Set the start address for shared memory used by this device.  Only a few devices need this.
media type Set the physical port or medium type to be used by the device. Not all devices can change this setting, and those that can vary in what values they support.  Typical values for type are 10base2 (thin Ethernet), 10baseT (twisted-pair 10Mbps Ethernet), AUI (external transceiver) and so on.  The special medium type of auto can be used to tell the driver to auto-sense the media.  Again, not all drivers can do this.
[-]broadcast [addr] If the address argument is given, set the protocol broadcast address for this interface.  Otherwise, set (or clear) the IFF_BROADCAST flag for the interface.
[-]pointopoint [addr] This keyword enables the point-to-point mode of an interface, meaning that it is a direct link between two machines with nobody else listening on it. If the address argument is also given, set the protocol address of the other side of the link, just like the obsolete dstaddr keyword does.  Otherwise, set or clear the IFF_POINTOPOINT flag for the interface.
hw class address Set the hardware address of this interface, if the device driver supports this operation.  The keyword must be followed by the name of the hardware class and the printable ASCII equivalent of the hardware address.  Hardware classes currently supported include ether (Ethernet), ax25 (AMPR AX.25), ARCnet and netrom (AMPR NET/ROM).
multicast Set the multicast flag on the interface. This should not normally be needed as the drivers set the flag correctly themselves.
address The IP address to be assigned to this interface.
txqueuelen length Set the length of the transmit queue of the device. It is useful to set this to small values for slower devices with a high latency (modem links, ISDN) to prevent fast bulk transfers from disturbing interactive traffic like telnet too much.
name newname Change the name of this interface to newname. The interface must be shut down first.
Since kernel release 2.2 there are no explicit interface statistics for alias interfaces anymore. The statistics printed for the original address are shared with all alias addresses on the same device. If you want per- address statistics you should add explicit accounting rules for the address using the iptables(8) command.
Since net-tools 1.60-4 ifconfig is printing byte counters and human readable counters with IEC 60027-2 units. So 1 KiB are 2^10 byte. Note, the numbers are truncated to one decimal (which can by quite a large error if you consider 0.1 PiB is 112.589.990.684.262 bytes :)
Interrupt problems with Ethernet device drivers fail with EAGAIN (SIOCSIIFLAGS: Resource temporarily unavailable) it is most likely a interrupt conflict. See http://www.scyld.com/expert/irq-conflict.html for more information.
/proc/net/dev /proc/net/if_inet6
Ifconfig uses the ioctl access method to get the full address information, which limits hardware addresses to 8 bytes.  Because Infiniband hardware address has 20 bytes, only the first 8 bytes are displayed correctly.  Please use ip link command from iproute2 package to display link layer informations including the hardware address.
While appletalk DDP and IPX addresses will be displayed they cannot be altered by this command.
route(8), netstat(8), arp(8), rarp(8), iptables(8), ifup(8), interfaces(5) http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/binary.html - Prefixes for binary multiples
Fred N. van Kempen, <waltje@uwalt.nl.mugnet.org> Alan Cox, <Alan.Cox@linux.org> Phil Blundell, <Philip.Blundell@pobox.com> Andi Kleen Bernd Eckenfels, <net-tools@lina.inka.de>
SALT-CALL(1)                          Salt                          SALT-CALL(1)
salt-call - salt-call Documentation
salt-call [options]
The salt-call command is used to run module functions locally on a minion instead of executing them from the master. Salt-call is used to run a Standalone Minion, and was originally created for troubleshooting.
RUBY(1)                           User Commands                          RUBY(1)
Ruby - Sass compiles CSS from SASS or SCSS files
sass [options] [INPUT] [OUTPUT]
Description: Converts SCSS or Sass files to CSS.
Common Options: -I, --load-path PATH Specify a Sass import path.
-r, --require LIB Require a Ruby library before running Sass.
--compass Make Compass imports available and load project configuration.
-t, --style NAME Output style. Can be nested (default), compact, compressed, or expanded.
-?, -h, --help Show this help message.
-v, --version Print the Sass version.
Watching and Updating: --watch Watch files or directories for changes.  The location of the generated CSS can be set using a colon:
sass --watch input.sass:output.css sass --watch input-dir:output-dir
--poll Check for file changes manually, rather than relying on the OS. Only meaningful for --watch.
--update Compile files or directories to CSS.  Locations are set like --watch.
-f, --force Recompile every Sass file, even if the CSS file is newer.  Only meaningful for --update.
--stop-on-error If a file fails to compile, exit immediately.  Only meaningful for --watch and --update.
Input and Output: --scss Use the CSS-superset SCSS syntax.
--sourcemap=TYPE How to link generated output to the source files.  auto (default): relative paths where possible, file URIs elsewhere file: always absolute file URIs inline: include the source text in the sourcemap none: no sourcemaps
-s, --stdin Read input from standard input instead of an input file.  This is the default if no input file is specified.
-E, --default-encoding ENCODING Specify the default encoding for input files.
--unix-newlines Use Unix-style newlines in written files.  Always true on Unix.
-g, --debug-info Emit output that can be used by the FireSass Firebug plugin.
-l, --line-numbers Emit comments in the generated CSS indicating the corresponding source line.
--line-comments
Miscellaneous: -i, --interactive Run an interactive SassScript shell.
-c, --check Just check syntax, don't evaluate.
--precision NUMBER_OF_DIGITS How many digits of precision to use when outputting decimal numbers. Defaults to 10.
--cache-location PATH The path to save parsed Sass files. Defaults to .sass-cache.
-C, --no-cache Don't cache parsed Sass files.
--trace Show a full Ruby stack trace on error.
-q, --quiet Silence warnings and status messages during compilation.
TREE(1)                      General Commands Manual                     TREE(1)
tree - list contents of directories in a tree-like format.
tree [-acdfghilnpqrstuvxACDFQNSUX] [-L level [-R]] [-H baseHREF] [-T title] [-o filename] [--nolinks] [-P pattern] [-I pattern] [--inodes] [--device] [--noreport] [--dirsfirst] [--version] [--help] [--filelimit #] [--si] [--prune] [--du] [--timefmt format] [--matchdirs] [--fromfile] [--] [directory ...]
Tree is a recursive directory listing program that produces a depth indented listing of files, which is colorized ala dircolors if the LS_COLORS environment variable is set and output is to tty.  With no arguments, tree lists the files in the current directory.  When directory arguments are given, tree lists all the files and/or directories found in the given directories each in turn.  Upon completion of listing all files/directories found, tree returns the total number of files and/or directories listed.
By default, when a symbolic link is encountered, the path that the symbolic link refers to is printed after the name of the link in the format:
name -> real-path
If the `-l' option is given and the symbolic link refers to an actual directory, then tree will follow the path of the symbolic link as if it were a real directory.
Tree understands the following command line switches:
-a     All files are printed.  By default tree does not print hidden files (those beginning with a dot `.').  In no event does tree print the file system constructs `.' (current directory) and `..' (previous directory).
-d     List directories only.
-l     Follows symbolic links if they point to directories, as if they were directories. Symbolic links that will result in recursion are avoided when detected.
-f     Prints the full path prefix for each file.
-x     Stay on the current file-system only.  Ala find -xdev.
-L level Max display depth of the directory tree.
-R     Recursively cross down the tree each level directories (see -L option), and at each of them execute tree again adding `-o 00Tree.html' as a new option.
-P pattern List only those files that match the wild-card pattern.  Note: you must use the -a option to also consider those files beginning with a dot `.'  for matching.  Valid wildcard operators are `*' (any zero or more characters), `?' (any single character), `[...]' (any single character listed between brackets (optional - (dash) for character range may be used: ex: [A-Z]), and `[^...]' (any single character not listed in brackets) and `|' separates alternate patterns.
-I pattern Do not list those files that match the wild-card pattern.
--ignore-case If a match pattern is specified by the -P or -I option, this will cause the pattern to match without regards to the case of each letter.
--matchdirs If a match pattern is specified by the -P option, this will cause the pattern to be applied to directory names (in addition to filenames).  In the event of a match on the directory name, matching is disabled for the directory's contents. If the --prune option is used, empty folders that match the pattern will not be pruned.
--prune Makes tree prune empty directories from the output, useful when used in conjunction with -P or -I.  See BUGS AND NOTES below for more information on this option.
--noreport Omits printing of the file and directory report at the end of the tree listing.
--charset charset Set the character set to use when outputting HTML and for line drawing.
--filelimit # Do not descend directories that contain more than # entries.
--timefmt format Prints (implies -D) and formats the date according to the format string which uses the strftime(3) syntax.
-o filename Send output to filename.
-q     Print non-printable characters in filenames as question marks instead of the default.
-N     Print non-printable characters as is instead of as escaped octal numbers.
-Q     Quote the names of files in double quotes.
-p     Print the file type and permissions for each file (as per ls -l).
-u     Print the username, or UID # if no username is available, of the file.
-g     Print the group name, or GID # if no group name is available, of the file.
-s     Print the size of each file in bytes along with the name.
-h     Print the size of each file but in a more human readable way, e.g. appending a size letter for kilobytes (K), megabytes (M), gigabytes (G), terabytes (T), petabytes (P) and exabytes (E).
--si   Like -h but use SI units (powers of 1000) instead.
--du   For each directory report its size as the accumulation of sizes of all its files and sub-directories (and their files, and so on). The total amount of used space is also given in the final report (like the 'du -c' command.) This option requires tree to read the entire directory tree before emitting it, see BUGS AND NOTES below.  Implies -s.
-D     Print the date of the last modification time or if -c is used, the last status change time for the file listed.
-F     Append a `/' for directories, a `=' for socket files, a `*' for executable files, a `>' for doors (Solaris) and a `|' for FIFO's, as per ls -F
--inodes Prints the inode number of the file or directory
--device Prints the device number to which the file or directory belongs
-v     Sort the output by version.
-t     Sort the output by last modification time instead of alphabetically.
-c     Sort the output by last status change instead of alphabetically. Modifies the -D option (if used) to print the last status change instead of modification time.
-U     Do not sort.  Lists files in directory order. Disables --dirsfirst.
-r     Sort the output in reverse order.  This is a meta-sort that alter the above sorts.  This option is disabled when -U is used.
--dirsfirst List directories before files. This is a meta-sort that alters the above sorts.  This option is disabled when -U is used.
--sort[=]type Sort the output by type instead of name. Possible values are: ctime (-c), mtime (-t), size, or version (-v).
-i     Makes tree not print the indentation lines, useful when used in conjunction with the -f option.  Also removes as much whitespace as possible when used with the -J or -x options.
-A     Turn on ANSI line graphics hack when printing the indentation lines.
-S     Turn on CP437 line graphics (useful when using Linux console mode fonts). This option is now equivalent to `--charset=IBM437' and may eventually be depreciated.
-n     Turn colorization off always, over-ridden by the -C option.
-C     Turn colorization on always, using built-in color defaults if the LS_COLORS or TREE_COLORS environment variables are not set. Useful to colorize output to a pipe.
XML/JSON/HTML OPTIONS -X     Turn on XML output. Outputs the directory tree as an XML formatted file.
-J     Turn on JSON output. Outputs the directory tree as an JSON formatted array.
-H baseHREF Turn on HTML output, including HTTP references. Useful for ftp sites.  baseHREF gives the base ftp location when using HTML output. That is, the local directory may be `/local/ftp/pub', but it must be referenced as `ftp://hostname.organization.domain/pub' (baseHREF should be `ftp://hostname.organization.domain'). Hint: don't use ANSI lines with this option, and don't give more than one directory in the directory list. If you wish to use colors via CSS style-sheet, use the -C option in addition to this option to force color output.
-T title Sets the title and H1 header string in HTML output mode.
--nolinks Turns off hyperlinks in HTML output.
--fromfile Reads a directory listing from a file rather than the file- system.  Paths provided on the command line are files to read from rather than directories to search.  The dot (.) directory indicates that tree should read paths from standard input.
--help Outputs a verbose usage listing.
--version Outputs the version of tree.
--     Option processing terminator.  No further options will be processed after this.
/etc/DIR_COLORS          System color database. ~/.dircolors        Users color database.
LS_COLORS      Color information created by dircolors TREE_COLORS    Uses this for color information over LS_COLORS if it is set. TREE_CHARSET   Character set for tree to use in HTML mode. CLICOLOR       Enables colorization even if TREE_COLORS or LS_COLORS is not set. CLICOLOR_FORCE Always enables colorization (effectively -C) LC_CTYPE       Locale for filename output. LC_TIME        Locale for timefmt output, see strftime(3). TZ        Timezone for timefmt output, see strftime(3).
Steve Baker (ice@mama.indstate.edu) HTML output hacked by Francesc Rocher (rocher@econ.udg.es) Charsets and OS/2 support by Kyosuke Tokoro (NBG01720@nifty.ne.jp)
Tree does not prune "empty" directories when the -P and -I options are used by default. Use the --prune option.
The -h and --si options round to the nearest whole number unlike the ls implementations which rounds up always.
Pruning files and directories with the -I, -P and --filelimit options will lead to incorrect file/directory count reports.
The --prune and --du options cause tree to accumulate the entire tree in memory before emitting it. For large directory trees this can cause a significant delay in output and the use of large amounts of memory.
The timefmt expansion buffer is limited to a ridiculously large 255 characters.  Output of time strings longer than this will be undefined, but are guaranteed to not exceed 255 characters.
XML/JSON trees are not colored, which is a bit of a shame.
dircolors(1), ls(1), find(1), du(1), strftime(3)
GROUPDEL(8)                System Management Commands                GROUPDEL(8)
groupdel - delete a group
groupdel [options] GROUP
The groupdel command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to GROUP. The named group must exist.
The options which apply to the groupdel command are:
You may not remove the primary group of any existing user. You must remove the user before you remove the group.
You should manually check all file systems to ensure that no files remain owned by this group.
The groupdel command exits with the following values:
6 specified group doesn't exist
8 can't remove user's primary group
chfn(1), chsh(1), passwd(1), gpasswd(8), groupadd(8), groupmod(8), useradd(8), userdel(8), usermod(8).
LLVM-AR(1)                            LLVM                            LLVM-AR(1)
llvm-ar - LLVM archiver
llvm-ar [-]{dmpqrstx}[abcDilLNoOPsSTuUvV] [relpos] [count] archive [files...]
The llvm-ar command is similar to the common Unix utility, ar. It archives several files, such as objects and LLVM bitcode files into a single archive library that can be linked into a program. However, the archive can contain any kind of file. By default, llvm-ar generates a symbol table that makes linking faster because only the symbol table needs to be consulted, not each individual file member of the archive.
The llvm-ar command can be used to read archive files in SVR4, GNU, BSD and Darwin format, and write in the GNU, BSD, and Darwin style archive files. If an SVR4 format archive is used with the r (replace), d (delete), m (move) or q (quick update) operations, the archive will be reconstructed in the format defined by --format.
Here's where llvm-ar departs from previous ar implementations:
The following option is not supported [f] - truncate inserted filenames
The following options are ignored for compatibility --plugin=<string> - load a plugin which adds support for other file formats
[l] - ignored in ar
Symbol Table Since llvm-ar supports bitcode files, the symbol table it creates includes both native and bitcode symbols.
Deterministic Archives By default, llvm-ar always uses zero for timestamps and UIDs/GIDs to write archives in a deterministic mode. This is equivalent to the D modifier being enabled by default. If you wish to maintain compatibility with other ar implementations, you can pass the U modifier to write actual timestamps and UIDs/GIDs.
Windows Paths When on Windows llvm-ar treats the names of archived files in the same case sensitive manner as the operating system. When on a non-Windows machine llvm-ar does not consider character case.
llvm-ar operations are compatible with other ar implementations. However, there are a few modifiers (L) that are not found in other ar implementations. The options for llvm-ar specify a single basic Operation to perform on the archive, a variety of Modifiers for that Operation, the name of the archive file, and an optional list of file names. If the files option is not specified, it generally means either "none" or "all" members, depending on the operation. The Options, Operations and Modifiers are explained in the sections below.
The minimal set of options is at least one operator and the name of the archive.
Operations d [NT] Delete files from the archive. The N and T modifiers apply to this operation. The files options specify which members should be removed from the archive. It is not an error if a specified file does not appear in the archive. If no files are specified, the archive is not modified.
m [abi] Move files from one location in the archive to another. The a, b, and i modifiers apply to this operation. The files will all be moved to the location given by the modifiers. If no modifiers are used, the files will be moved to the end of the archive. If no files are specified, the archive is not modified.
p [v]  Print files to the standard output stream. If no files are specified, the entire archive is printed. With the v modifier, llvm-ar also prints out the name of the file being output. Printing binary files is  ill-advised as they might confuse your terminal settings. The p operation never modifies the archive.
q [LT] Quickly append files to the end of the archive without removing duplicates. If no files are specified, the archive is not modified. The behavior when appending one archive to another depends upon whether the L and T modifiers are used:
• Appending a regular archive to a regular archive will append the archive file. If the L modifier is specified the members will be appended instead.
• Appending a regular archive to a thin archive requires the T modifier and will append the archive file. The L modifier is not supported.
• Appending a thin archive to a regular archive will append the archive file.  If the L modifier is specified the members will be appended instead.
• Appending a thin archive to a thin archive will always quick append its members.
r [abTu] Replace existing files or insert them at the end of the archive if they do not exist. The a, b, T and u modifiers apply to this operation. If no files are specified, the archive is not modified.
t[v] .. option:: t [vO] Print the table of contents. Without any modifiers, this operation just prints the names of the members to the standard output stream. With the v modifier, llvm-ar also prints out the file type (B=bitcode, S=symbol table, blank=regular file), the permission mode, the owner and group, are ignored when extracting files and set to placeholder values when adding size, and the date. With the O modifier, display member offsets. If any files are specified, the listing is only for those files. If no files are specified, the table of contents for the whole archive is printed.
V      A synonym for the --version option.
x [oP] Extract archive members back to files. The o modifier applies to this operation. This operation retrieves the indicated files from the archive and writes them back to the operating system's file system. If no files are specified, the entire archive is extracted.
Modifiers (operation specific) The modifiers below are specific to certain operations. See the Operations section to determine which modifiers are applicable to which operations.
a      When inserting or moving member files, this option specifies the destination of the new files as being after the relpos member. If relpos is not found, the files are placed at the end of the archive. relpos cannot be consumed without either a, b or i.
b      When inserting or moving member files, this option specifies the destination of the new files as being before the relpos member. If relpos is not found, the files are placed at the end of the archive. relpos cannot be consumed without either a, b or i. This modifier is identical to the i modifier.
i      A synonym for the b option.
L      When quick appending an archive, instead quick append its members. This is a feature for llvm-ar that is not found in gnu-ar.
N      When extracting or deleting a member that shares its name with another member, the count parameter allows you to supply a positive whole number that selects the instance of the given name, with "1" indicating the first instance. If N is not specified the first member of that name will be selected. If count is not supplied, the operation fails.*count* cannot be
o      When extracting files, use the modification times of any files as they appear in the archive. By default files extracted from the archive use the time of extraction.
O      Display member offsets inside the archive.
T      When creating or modifying an archive, this option specifies that the archive will be thin. By default, archives are not created as thin archives and when modifying a thin archive, it will be converted to a regular archive.
v      When printing files or the archive table of contents, this modifier instructs llvm-ar to include additional information in the output.
Modifiers (generic) The modifiers below may be applied to any operation.
c      For the r (replace)and q (quick update) operations, llvm-ar will always create the archive if it doesn't exist.  Normally, llvm-ar will print a warning message indicating that the archive is being created. Using this modifier turns off that warning.
D      Use zero for timestamps and UIDs/GIDs. This is set by default.
P      Use full paths when matching member names rather than just the file name.  This can be useful when manipulating an archive generated by another archiver, as some allow paths as member names. This is the default behavior for thin archives.
s      This modifier requests that an archive index (or symbol table) be added to the archive, as if using ranlib. The symbol table will contain all the externally visible functions and global variables defined by all the bitcode files in the archive. By default llvm-ar generates symbol tables in archives. This can also be used as an operation.
S      This modifier is the opposite of the s modifier. It instructs llvm-ar to not build the symbol table. If both s and S are used, the last modifier to occur in the options will prevail.
u      Only update archive members with files that have more recent timestamps.
U      Use actual timestamps and UIDs/GIDs.
Other --format=<type> This option allows for default, gnu, darwin or bsd <type> to be selected.  When creating an archive, <type> will default to that of the host machine.
-h, --help Print a summary of command-line options and their meanings.
-M     This option allows for MRI scripts to be read through the standard input stream. No other options are compatible with this option.
--rsp-quoting=<type>
This option selects the quoting style ``<type>`` for response files, either
``posix`` or ``windows``. The default when on Windows is ``windows``, otherwise the
default is ``posix``.
--version Display the version of the llvm-ar executable.
llvm-ar understands a subset of the MRI scripting interface commonly supported by archivers following in the ar tradition. An MRI script contains a sequence of commands to be executed by the archiver. The -M option allows for an MRI script to be passed to llvm-ar through the standard input stream.
Note that llvm-ar has known limitations regarding the use of MRI scripts:
• Each script can only create one archive.
• Existing archives can not be modified.
MRI Script Commands Each command begins with the command's name and must appear on its own line.  Some commands have arguments, which must be separated from the name by whitespace. An MRI script should begin with either a CREATE or CREATETHIN command and will typically end with a SAVE command. Any text after either '*' or ';' is treated as a comment.
CREATE archive Begin creation of a regular archive with the specified name. Subsequent commands act upon this archive.
CREATETHIN archive Begin creation of a thin archive with the specified name. Subsequent commands act upon this archive.
ADDLIB archive Append the contents of archive to the current archive.
ADDMOD <file> Append <file> to the current archive.
DELETE <file> Delete the member of the current archive whose file name, excluding directory components, matches <file>.
SAVE   Write the current archive to the path specified in the previous CREATE/CREATETHIN command.
END    Ends the MRI script (optional).
If llvm-ar succeeds, it will exit with 0.  Otherwise, if an error occurs, it will exit with a non-zero value.
MKFIFO(1)                         User Commands                        MKFIFO(1)