neulab/tldr huggingface dataset:
-fignore-interface-pragmas Ignore pragmas in interface files. Implied by -O0 only.
-flate-dmd-anal Run demand analysis again, at the end of the simplification pipeline
-flate-specialise Run a late specialisation pass
-fliberate-case Turn on the liberate-case transformation. Implied by -O2.
-fliberate-case-threshold=⟨n⟩ default: 2000. Set the size threshold for the liberate-case transformation to ⟨n⟩
-fllvm-pass-vectors-in-regs Pass vector value in vector registers for function calls
-floopification Turn saturated self-recursive tail-calls into local jumps in the generated assembly. Implied by -O.
-fmax-inline-alloc-size=⟨n⟩ default: 128. Set the maximum size of inline array allocations to ⟨n⟩ bytes (default: 128).
-fmax-inline-memcpy-insns=⟨n⟩ default: 32. Inline memcpy calls if they would generate no more than ⟨n⟩ pseudo instructions.
-fmax-inline-memset-insns=⟨n⟩ default: 32. Inline memset calls if they would generate no more than ⟨n⟩ pseudo instructions
-fmax-simplifier-iterations=⟨n⟩ default: 4. Set the max iterations for the simplifier.
-fmax-uncovered-patterns=⟨n⟩ default: 4. Set the maximum number of patterns to display in warnings about non-exhaustive ones.
-fmax-worker-args=⟨n⟩ default: 10. Maximum number of value arguments for a worker.
-fno-opt-coercion Turn off the coercion optimiser
-fno-pre-inlining Turn off pre-inlining
-fno-state-hack Turn off the state hackwhereby any lambda with a real-world state token as argument is considered to be single-entry. Hence OK to inline things inside it.
-fomit-interface-pragmas Don't generate interface pragmas. Implied by -O0 only.
-fomit-yields Omit heap checks when no allocation is being performed.
-foptimal-applicative-do Use a slower but better algorithm for ApplicativeDo
-fpedantic-bottoms Make GHC be more precise about its treatment of bottom (but see also -fno-state-hack). In particular, GHC will not eta-expand through a case expression.
-fregs-graph Use the graph colouring register allocator for register allocation in the native code generator. Implied by -O2.
-fregs-iterative Use the iterative coalescing graph colouring register allocator in the native code generator.
-fsimpl-tick-factor=⟨n⟩ default: 100. Set the percentage factor for simplifier ticks.
-fsimplifier-phases=⟨n⟩ default: 2. Set the number of phases for the simplifier.  Ignored with -O0.
-fsolve-constant-dicts When solving constraints, try to eagerly solve super classes using available dictionaries.
-fspec-constr Turn on the SpecConstr transformation. Implied by -O2.
-fspec-constr-count=⟨n⟩ default: 3.* Set to ⟨n⟩ the maximum number of specialisations that will be created for any one function by the SpecConstr transformation.
-fspec-constr-keen Specialize a call with an explicit constructor argument, even if the argument is not scrutinised in the body of the function
-fspec-constr-threshold=⟨n⟩ default: 2000. Set the size threshold for the SpecConstr transformation to ⟨n⟩.
-fspecialise Turn on specialisation of overloaded functions. Implied by -O.
-fspecialise-aggressively Turn on specialisation of overloaded functions regardless of size, if unfolding is available
-fstatic-argument-transformation Turn on the static argument transformation.
-fstg-cse Enable common sub-expression elimination on the STG intermediate language
-fstg-lift-lams Enable late lambda lifting on the STG intermediate language. Implied by -O2.
-fstg-lift-lams-known Allow turning known into unknown calls while performing late lambda lifting.
-fstg-lift-lams-non-rec-args Create top-level non-recursive functions with at most <n> parameters while performing late lambda lifting.
-fstg-lift-lams-rec-args Create top-level recursive functions with at most <n> parameters while performing late lambda lifting.
-fstrictness Turn on strictness analysis.  Implied by -O. Implies -fworker-wrapper
-fstrictness-before=⟨n⟩ Run an additional strictness analysis before simplifier phase ⟨n⟩
-funbox-small-strict-fields Flatten strict constructor fields with a pointer-sized representation. Implied by -O.
-funbox-strict-fields Flatten strict constructor fields
-funfolding-creation-threshold=⟨n⟩ default: 750. Tweak unfolding settings.
-funfolding-dict-discount=⟨n⟩ default: 30. Tweak unfolding settings.
-funfolding-fun-discount=⟨n⟩ default: 60. Tweak unfolding settings.
-funfolding-keeness-factor=⟨n⟩ default: 1.5. Tweak unfolding settings.
-funfolding-use-threshold=⟨n⟩ default: 80. Tweak unfolding settings.
-fworker-wrapper Enable the worker-wrapper transformation.
Optimization levels -O     Enable level 1 optimisations
-O0    Disable optimisations (default)
-O2    Enable level 2 optimisations
-O⟨n⟩  Any -On where n > 2 is the same as -O2.
Package options -clear-package-db Clear the package db stack.
-distrust ⟨pkg⟩ Expose package ⟨pkg⟩ and set it to be distrusted. See safe-haskell.
-distrust-all-packages Distrust all packages by default. See safe-haskell.
-fpackage-trust Enable Safe Haskell trusted package requirement for trustworthy modules.
-global-package-db Add the global package db to the stack.
-hide-all-packages Hide all packages by default
-hide-package ⟨pkg⟩ Hide package ⟨pkg⟩
-ignore-package ⟨pkg⟩ Ignore package ⟨pkg⟩
-no-auto-link-packages Don't automatically link in the base and rts packages.
-no-global-package-db Remove the global package db from the stack.
-no-user-package-db Remove the user's package db from the stack.
-package ⟨pkg⟩ Expose package ⟨pkg⟩
-package-db ⟨file⟩ Add ⟨file⟩ to the package db stack.
-package-env ⟨file⟩|⟨name⟩ Use the specified package environment.
-package-id ⟨unit-id⟩ Expose package by id ⟨unit-id⟩
-this-unit-id ⟨unit-id⟩ Compile to be part of unit (i.e. package) ⟨unit-id⟩
-trust ⟨pkg⟩ Expose package ⟨pkg⟩ and set it to be trusted. See safe-haskell.
-user-package-db Add the user's package db to the stack.
Phases of compilation -C     Stop after generating C (.hc file)
-c     Stop after generating object (.o) file
-E     Stop after preprocessing (.hspp file)
-F     Enable the use of a pre-processor (set with -pgmF ⟨cmd⟩)
-S     Stop after generating assembly (.s file)
-x ⟨suffix⟩ Override default behaviour for source files
Overriding external programs -pgma ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the assembler
-pgmc ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the C compiler
-pgmdll ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the DLL generator
-pgmF ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the pre-processor (with -F only)
-pgmi ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the external interpreter command.
-pgminstall_name_tool ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the program to inject runpath into mach-o dylibs on macOS
-pgmL ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the literate pre-processor
-pgml ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the linker
-pgmlc ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the LLVM compiler
-pgmlibtool ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the command for libtool (with -staticlib only).
-pgmlm ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the linker when merging object files
-pgmlo ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the LLVM optimiser
-pgmotool ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the program to inspect mach-o dylibs on macOS
-pgmP ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the C pre-processor (with -cpp only)
-pgms ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the splitter
-pgmwindres ⟨cmd⟩ Use ⟨cmd⟩ as the program for embedding manifests on Windows.
Phase-specific options -opta ⟨option⟩ pass ⟨option⟩ to the assembler
-optc ⟨option⟩ pass ⟨option⟩ to the C compiler
-optcxx ⟨option⟩ pass ⟨option⟩ to the C++ compiler
-optdll ⟨option⟩ pass ⟨option⟩ to the DLL generator
-optF ⟨option⟩ pass ⟨option⟩ to the custom pre-processor
-opti ⟨option⟩ pass ⟨option⟩ to the interpreter sub-process.
-optL ⟨option⟩ pass ⟨option⟩ to the literate pre-processor
-optl ⟨option⟩ pass ⟨option⟩ to the linker
-optlc ⟨option⟩ pass ⟨option⟩ to the LLVM compiler
-optlm ⟨option⟩ pass ⟨option⟩ to the linker when merging object files.
-optlo ⟨option⟩ pass ⟨option⟩ to the LLVM optimiser
-optP ⟨option⟩ pass ⟨option⟩ to cpp (with -cpp only)
-optwindres ⟨option⟩ pass ⟨option⟩ to windres.
-pgmc-supports-no-pie Indicate that the C compiler supports -no-pie
Platform-specific options -mbmi2 (x86 only) Use BMI2 for bit manipulation operations
-msse2 (x86 only) Use SSE2 for floating-point operations
-msse4.2 (x86 only) Use SSE4.2 for floating-point operations
Compiler plugins -fclear-plugins Clear the list of active plugins
-fplugin-opt=⟨module⟩:⟨args⟩ Give arguments to a plugin module; module must be specified with -fplugin=⟨module⟩
-fplugin-trustworthy Trust the used plugins and no longer mark the compiled module as unsafe
-fplugin=⟨module⟩ Load a plugin exported by a given module
-hide-all-plugin-packages Hide all packages for plugins by default
-plugin-package ⟨pkg⟩ Expose ⟨pkg⟩ for plugins
-plugin-package-id ⟨pkg-id⟩ Expose ⟨pkg-id⟩ for plugins
Profiling -fno-prof-auto Disables any previous -fprof-auto, -fprof-auto-top, or -fprof-auto-exported options.
-fno-prof-cafs Disables any previous -fprof-cafs option.
-fno-prof-count-entries Do not collect entry counts
-fprof-auto Auto-add SCC\ s to all bindings not marked INLINE
-fprof-auto-calls Auto-add SCC\ s to all call sites
-fprof-auto-exported Auto-add SCC\ s to all exported bindings not marked INLINE
-fprof-auto-top Auto-add SCC\ s to all top-level bindings not marked INLINE
-fprof-cafs Auto-add SCC\ s to all CAFs
-prof  Turn on profiling
-ticky Turn on ticky-ticky profiling
Program coverage -fhpc  Turn on Haskell program coverage instrumentation
Recompilation checking -fforce-recomp Turn off recompilation checking. This is implied by any -ddump-X option when compiling a single file (i.e. when using -c).
-fignore-hpc-changes Do not recompile modules just to match changes to HPC flags. This is especially useful for avoiding recompilation when using GHCi, and is enabled by default for GHCi.
-fignore-optim-changes Do not recompile modules just to match changes to optimisation flags. This is especially useful for avoiding recompilation when using GHCi, and is enabled by default for GHCi.
Redirecting output --exclude-module=⟨file⟩ Regard ⟨file⟩ as "stable"; i.e., exclude it from having dependencies on it.
-ddump-mod-cycles Dump module cycles
-dep-makefile ⟨file⟩ Use ⟨file⟩ as the makefile
-dep-suffix ⟨suffix⟩ Make dependencies that declare that files with suffix .⟨suf⟩⟨osuf⟩ depend on interface files with suffix .⟨suf⟩hi
-dumpdir ⟨dir⟩ redirect dump files
-hcsuf ⟨suffix⟩ set the suffix to use for intermediate C files
-hidir ⟨dir⟩ set directory for interface files
-hiedir ⟨dir⟩ set directory for extended interface files
-hiesuf ⟨suffix⟩ set the suffix to use for extended interface files
-hisuf ⟨suffix⟩ set the suffix to use for interface files
-include-cpp-deps Include preprocessor dependencies
-include-pkg-deps Regard modules imported from packages as unstable
-o ⟨file⟩ set output filename
-odir ⟨dir⟩ set directory for object files
-ohi ⟨file⟩ set the filename in which to put the interface
-osuf ⟨suffix⟩ set the output file suffix
-outputdir ⟨dir⟩ set output directory
-stubdir ⟨dir⟩ redirect FFI stub files
Temporary files -tmpdir ⟨dir⟩ set the directory for temporary files
Verbosity options -fabstract-refinement-hole-fits default: off. Toggles whether refinements where one or more of the holes are abstract are reported.
-fdefer-diagnostics Defer and group diagnostic messages by severity
-fdiagnostics-color=⟨always|auto|never⟩ Use colors in error messages
-fdiagnostics-show-caret Whether to show snippets of original source code
-ferror-spans Output full span in error messages
-fhide-source-paths hide module source and object paths
-fkeep-going Continue compilation as far as possible on errors
-fmax-refinement-hole-fits=⟨n⟩ default: 6. Set the maximum number of refinement hole fits for typed holes to display in type error messages.
-fmax-relevant-binds=⟨n⟩ default: 6. Set the maximum number of bindings to display in type error messages.
-fmax-valid-hole-fits=⟨n⟩ default: 6. Set the maximum number of valid hole fits for typed holes to display in type error messages.
-fno-show-valid-hole-fits Disables showing a list of valid hole fits for typed holes in type error messages.
-fno-sort-valid-hole-fits Disables the sorting of the list of valid hole fits for typed holes in type error messages.
-fprint-axiom-incomps Display equation incompatibilities in closed type families
-fprint-equality-relations Distinguish between equality relations when printing
-fprint-expanded-synonyms In type errors, also print type-synonym-expanded types.
-fprint-explicit-coercions Print coercions in types
-fprint-explicit-foralls Print explicit forall quantification in types.  See also ExplicitForAll
-fprint-explicit-kinds Print explicit kind foralls and kind arguments in types.  See also KindSignatures
-fprint-explicit-runtime-reps Print RuntimeRep variables in types which are runtime-representation polymorphic.
-fprint-potential-instances display all available instances in type error messages
-fprint-typechecker-elaboration Print extra information from typechecker.
-fprint-unicode-syntax Use unicode syntax when printing expressions, types and kinds. See also UnicodeSyntax
-frefinement-level-hole-fits=⟨n⟩ default: off. Sets the level of refinement of the refinement hole fits, where level n means that hole fits of up to n holes will be considered.
-freverse-errors Output errors in reverse order
-fshow-docs-of-hole-fits Toggles whether to show the documentation of the valid hole fits in the output.
-fshow-hole-constraints Show constraints when reporting typed holes.
-fshow-hole-matches-of-hole-fits Toggles whether to show the type of the additional holes in refinement hole fits.
-fshow-provenance-of-hole-fits Toggles whether to show the provenance of the valid hole fits in the output.
-fshow-type-app-of-hole-fits Toggles whether to show the type application of the valid hole fits in the output.
-fshow-type-app-vars-of-hole-fits Toggles whether to show what type each quantified variable takes in a valid hole fit.
-fshow-type-of-hole-fits Toggles whether to show the type of the valid hole fits in the output.
-fsort-by-size-hole-fits Sort valid hole fits by size.
-fsort-by-subsumption-hole-fits Sort valid hole fits by subsumption.
-funclutter-valid-hole-fits Unclutter the list of valid hole fits by not showing provenance nor type applications of suggestions.
-Rghc-timing Summarise timing stats for GHC (same as +RTS -tstderr).
-v     verbose mode (equivalent to -v3)
-v⟨n⟩  set verbosity level
Warnings -fdefer-out-of-scope-variables Convert variable out of scope variables errors into warnings. Implied by -fdefer-type-errors.  See also -Wdeferred-out-of-scope-variables.
-fdefer-type-errors Turn type errors into warnings, deferring the error until runtime. Implies -fdefer-typed-holes and -fdefer-out-of-scope-variables. See also -Wdeferred-type-errors
-fdefer-typed-holes Convert typed hole errors into warnings, deferring the error until runtime.  Implied by -fdefer-type-errors.  See also -Wtyped-holes.
-fenable-th-splice-warnings Generate warnings for Template Haskell splices
-fhelpful-errors Make suggestions for mis-spelled names.
-fmax-pmcheck-models=⟨n⟩ soft limit on the number of parallel models the pattern match checker should check a pattern match clause against
-fshow-warning-groups show which group an emitted warning belongs to.
-fvia-C use the C code generator
-W     enable normal warnings
-w     disable all warnings
-Wall  enable almost all warnings (details in options-sanity)
-Wall-missed-specialisations warn when specialisation of any overloaded function fails.
-Wcompat enable future compatibility warnings (details in options-sanity)
-Wcompat-unqualified-imports Report unqualified imports of core libraries which are expected to cause compatibility problems in future releases.
-Wcpp-undef warn on uses of the #if directive on undefined identifiers
-Wdeferred-out-of-scope-variables Report warnings when variable out-of-scope errors are deferred until runtime.  See -fdefer-out-of-scope-variables.
-Wdeferred-type-errors Report warnings when deferred type errors are enabled. This option is enabled by default. See -fdefer-type-errors.
-Wdeprecated-flags warn about uses of commandline flags that are deprecated
-Wdeprecations warn about uses of functions & types that have warnings or deprecated pragmas. Alias for -Wwarnings-deprecations
-Wderiving-defaults warn about default deriving when using both DeriveAnyClass and GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving
-Wderiving-typeable warn when Typeable is derived
-Wdodgy-exports warn about dodgy exports
-Wdodgy-foreign-imports warn about dodgy foreign imports
-Wdodgy-imports warn about dodgy imports
-Wduplicate-constraints warn when a constraint appears duplicated in a type signature
-Wduplicate-exports warn when an entity is exported multiple times
-Wempty-enumerations warn about enumerations that are empty
-Werror make warnings fatal
-Weverything enable all warnings supported by GHC
-Whi-shadowing (deprecated) warn when a .hi file in the current directory shadows a library
-Widentities warn about uses of Prelude numeric conversions that are probably the identity (and hence could be omitted)
-Wimplicit-kind-vars warn when kind variables are implicitly quantified over.
-Wimplicit-prelude warn when the Prelude is implicitly imported
-Winaccessible-code warn about inaccessible code
-Wincomplete-patterns warn when a pattern match could fail
-Wincomplete-record-updates warn when a record update could fail
-Wincomplete-uni-patterns warn when a pattern match in a lambda expression or pattern binding could fail
-Winferred-safe-imports warn when an explicitly Safe Haskell module imports a Safe-Inferred one
-Winline-rule-shadowing Warn if a rewrite RULE might fail to fire because the function might be inlined before the rule has a chance to fire.  See rules-inline.
-Winvalid-haddock warn when a Haddock comment occurs in an invalid position
-Wmissed-extra-shared-lib Warn when GHCi can't load a shared lib.
-Wmissed-specialisations warn when specialisation of an imported, overloaded function fails.
-Wmissing-deriving-strategies warn when a deriving clause is missing a deriving strategy
-Wmissing-export-lists warn when a module declaration does not explicitly list all exports
-Wmissing-exported-signatures warn about top-level functions without signatures, only if they are exported. takes precedence over -Wmissing-signatures
-Wmissing-exported-sigs (deprecated) warn about top-level functions without signatures, only if they are exported. takes precedence over -Wmissing-signatures
-Wmissing-fields warn when fields of a record are uninitialised
-Wmissing-home-modules warn when encountering a home module imported, but not listed on the command line. Useful for cabal to ensure GHC won't pick up modules, not listed neither in exposed-modules, nor in other-modules.
-Wmissing-import-lists warn when an import declaration does not explicitly list all the names brought into scope
-Wmissing-local-signatures warn about polymorphic local bindings without signatures
-Wmissing-local-sigs (deprecated) warn about polymorphic local bindings without signatures
-Wmissing-methods warn when class methods are undefined
-Wmissing-monadfail-instances Warn when a failable pattern is used in a do-block that does not have a MonadFail instance.
-Wmissing-pattern-synonym-signatures warn when pattern synonyms do not have type signatures
-Wmissing-safe-haskell-mode warn when the Safe Haskell mode is not explicitly specified.
-Wmissing-signatures warn about top-level functions without signatures
-Wmonomorphism-restriction warn when the Monomorphism Restriction is applied
-Wname-shadowing warn when names are shadowed
-Wno-compat Disables all warnings enabled by -Wcompat.
-Wnoncanonical-monad-instances warn when Applicative or Monad instances have noncanonical definitions of return, pure, (>>), or (*>).  See flag description in options-sanity for more details.
-Wnoncanonical-monadfail-instances warn when Monad or MonadFail instances have noncanonical definitions of fail.  See flag description in options-sanity for more details.
-Wnoncanonical-monoid-instances warn when Semigroup or Monoid instances have noncanonical definitions of (<>) or mappend.  See flag description in options-sanity for more details.
-Worphans warn when the module contains orphan instance declarations or rewrite rules
-Woverflowed-literals warn about literals that will overflow their type
-Woverlapping-patterns warn about overlapping patterns
-Wpartial-fields warn when defining a partial record field.
-Wpartial-type-signatures warn about holes in partial type signatures when PartialTypeSignatures is enabled. Not applicable when PartialTypeSignatures is not enabled, in which case errors are generated for such holes.
-Wredundant-constraints Have the compiler warn about redundant constraints in type signatures.
-Wredundant-record-wildcards Warn about record wildcard matches when the wildcard binds no patterns.
-Wsafe warn if the module being compiled is regarded to be safe.
-Wsemigroup warn when a Monoid is not Semigroup, and on non- Semigroup definitions of (<>)?
-Wsimplifiable-class-constraints Warn about class constraints in a type signature that can be simplified using a top-level instance declaration.
-Wstar-binder warn about binding the (*) type operator despite StarIsType
-Wstar-is-type warn when * is used to mean Data.Kind.Type
-Wtabs warn if there are tabs in the source file
-Wtrustworthy-safe warn if the module being compiled is marked as Trustworthy but it could instead be marked as Safe, a more informative bound.
-Wtype-defaults warn when defaulting happens
-Wtyped-holes Report warnings when typed hole errors are deferred until runtime. See -fdefer-typed-holes.
-Wunbanged-strict-patterns warn on pattern bind of unlifted variable that is neither bare nor banged
-Wunrecognised-pragmas warn about uses of pragmas that GHC doesn't recognise
-Wunrecognised-warning-flags throw a warning when an unrecognised -W... flag is encountered on the command line.
-Wunsafe warn if the module being compiled is regarded to be unsafe.  See safe-haskell
-Wunsupported-calling-conventions warn about use of an unsupported calling convention
-Wunsupported-llvm-version Warn when using -fllvm with an unsupported version of LLVM.
-Wunticked-promoted-constructors warn if promoted constructors are not ticked
-Wunused-binds warn about bindings that are unused. Alias for -Wunused-top-binds, -Wunused-local-binds and -Wunused-pattern-binds
-Wunused-do-bind warn about do bindings that appear to throw away values of types other than ()
-Wunused-foralls warn about type variables in user-written forall\s that are unused
-Wunused-imports warn about unnecessary imports
-Wunused-local-binds warn about local bindings that are unused
-Wunused-matches warn about variables in patterns that aren't used
-Wunused-packages warn when package is requested on command line, but was never loaded.
-Wunused-pattern-binds warn about pattern match bindings that are unused
-Wunused-record-wildcards Warn about record wildcard matches when none of the bound variables are used.
-Wunused-top-binds warn about top-level bindings that are unused
-Wunused-type-patterns warn about unused type variables which arise from patterns in in type family and data family instances
-Wwarn make warnings non-fatal
-Wwarnings-deprecations warn about uses of functions & types that have warnings or deprecated pragmas
-Wwrong-do-bind warn about do bindings that appear to throw away monadic values that you should have bound instead
Copyright 2015. The University Court of the University of Glasgow.  All rights reserved.
2021, GHC Team
https://www.haskell.org/ghc     the GHC homepage
The GHC Team
REFLEX(1)                         USER COMMANDS                        REFLEX(1)
Reflex - Run a command when files change
reflex [OPTIONS] [COMMAND]
Reflex is a small tool to watch a directory and rerun a command when certain files change. It's great for automatically running compile/lint/test tasks and for reloading your application when the code changes.
--all=True|False Include normally ignored files (VCS and editor special files). Defaults to False.
-c, --config=FILE A configuration file that describes how to run reflex (or '-' to read the configuration from stdin).
-d, --decoration=DECORATION How to decorate command output. Choices: none, plain, fancy. Default is plain.
-g, --glob=GLOB_LIST A shell glob expression to match filenames. (May be repeated.)
-G, --inverse-glob=GLOB_LIST A shell glob expression to exclude matching filenames. (May be repeated.)
-R, --inverse-regex=REGEX A regular expression to exclude matching filenames. (May be repeated.)
--only-dirs=True|False Only match directories (not files). Defaults to false.
--only-files=True|False Only match files (not directories). Defaults to false.
-r, --regex=REGEX A regular expression to match filenames. (May be repeated.)
-e, --sequential=True|False Don't run multiple commands at the same time. Defaults to false.
-t, --shutdown-timeout=TIMEOUT Allow services this long to shut down. Defaults to 500ms.
-s, --start-service=True|False Indicates that the command is a long-running process to be restarted on matching changes. Defaults to false.
--substitute=STRING The substitution symbol that is replaced with the filename in a command. Defaults to "{}"
-v, --verbose=True|False Verbose mode: print out more information about what reflex is doing. Defaults to false.
Print each .txt file if it changes:
reflex -r '\.txt$' echo {}
Run make(1) if any of the .c files in this directory change:
reflex -g '*.c' make
Build and run a server; rebuild and restart when .java files change:
reflex -r '\.java$' -s -- sh -c 'make && java bin/Server'
E2IMAGE(8)                   System Manager's Manual                  E2IMAGE(8)
e2image - Save critical ext2/ext3/ext4 file system metadata to a file
e2image [-r|-Q [-af]] [ -b superblock ] [ -B blocksize ] [ -cnps ] [ -o src_offset ] [ -O dest_offset ] device image-file e2image -I device image-file
The e2image program will save critical ext2, ext3, or ext4 file system metadata located on device to a file specified by image-file.  The image file may be examined by dumpe2fs and debugfs, by using the -i option to those programs.  This can assist an expert in recovering catastrophically corrupted file systems.
It is a very good idea to create image files for all file systems on a system and save the partition layout (which can be generated using the fdisk -l command) at regular intervals --- at boot time, and/or every week or so.  The image file should be stored on some file system other than the file system whose data it contains, to ensure that this data is accessible in the case where the file system has been badly damaged.
To save disk space, e2image creates the image file as a sparse file, or in QCOW2 format.  Hence, if the sparse image file needs to be copied to another location, it should either be compressed first or copied using the --sparse=always option to the GNU version of cp(1).  This does not apply to the QCOW2 image, which is not sparse.
The size of an ext2 image file depends primarily on the size of the file systems and how many inodes are in use.  For a typical 10 Gigabyte file system, with 200,000 inodes in use out of 1.2 million inodes, the image file will be approximately 35 Megabytes; a 4 Gigabyte file system with 15,000 inodes in use out of 550,000 inodes will result in a 3 Megabyte image file.  Image files tend to be quite compressible; an image file taking up 32 Megabytes of space on disk will generally compress down to 3 or 4 Megabytes.
If image-file is -, then the output of e2image will be sent to standard output, so that the output can be piped to another program, such as gzip(1).  (Note that this is currently only supported when creating a raw image file using the -r option, since the process of creating a normal image file, or QCOW2 image currently requires random access to the file, which cannot be done using a pipe.
-a     Include file data in the image file.  Normally e2image only includes fs metadata, not regular file data.  This option will produce an image that is suitable to use to clone the entire FS or for backup purposes.  Note that this option only works with the raw (-r) or QCOW2 (-Q) formats.  In conjunction with the -r option it is possible to clone all and only the used blocks of one file system to another device/image file.
-b superblock Get image from partition with broken primary superblock by using the superblock located at file system block number superblock. The partition is copied as-is including broken primary superblock.
-B blocksize Set the file system blocksize in bytes.  Normally, e2image will search for the superblock at various different block sizes in an attempt to find the appropriate blocksize. This search can be fooled in some cases.  This option forces e2fsck to only try locating the superblock with a particular blocksize. If the superblock is not found, e2image will terminate with a fatal error.
-c     Compare each block to be copied from the source device to the corresponding block in the target image-file.  If both are already the same, the write will be skipped.  This is useful if the file system is being cloned to a flash-based storage device (where reads are very fast and where it is desirable to avoid unnecessary writes to reduce write wear on the device).
-f     Override the read-only requirement for the source file system when saving the image file using the -r and -Q options.  Normally, if the source file system is in use, the resulting image file is very likely not going to be useful. In some cases where the source file system is in constant use this may be better than no image at all.
-I     install the metadata stored in the image file back to the device. It can be used to restore the file system metadata back to the device in emergency situations.
WARNING!!!!  The -I option should only be used as a desperation measure when other alternatives have failed.  If the file system has changed since the image file was created, data will be lost.  In general, you should make another full image backup of the file system first, in case you wish to try other recovery strategies afterward.
-n     Cause all image writes to be skipped, and instead only print the block numbers that would have been written.
-o src_offset Specify offset of the image to be read from the start of the source device in bytes.  See OFFSETS for more details.
-O tgt_offset Specify offset of the image to be written from the start of the target image-file in bytes.  See OFFSETS for more details.
-p     Show progress of image-file creation.
-Q     Create a QCOW2-format image file instead of a normal image file, suitable for use by virtual machine images, and other tools that can use the .qcow image format. See QCOW2 IMAGE FILES below for details.
-r     Create a raw image file instead of a normal image file.  See RAW IMAGE FILES below for details.
-s     Scramble directory entries and zero out unused portions of the directory blocks in the written image file to avoid revealing information about the contents of the file system.  However, this will prevent analysis of problems related to hash-tree indexed directories.
The -r option will create a raw image file, which differs from a normal image file in two ways.  First, the file system metadata is placed in the same relative offset within image-file as it is in the device so that debugfs(8), dumpe2fs(8), e2fsck(8), losetup(8), etc. and can be run directly on the raw image file.  In order to minimize the amount of disk space consumed by the raw image file, it is created as a sparse file. (Beware of copying or compressing/decompressing this file with utilities that don't understand how to create sparse files; the file will become as large as the file system itself!)  Secondly, the raw image file also includes indirect blocks and directory blocks, which the standard image file does not have.
Raw image files are sometimes used when sending file systems to the maintainer as part of bug reports to e2fsprogs.  When used in this capacity, the recommended command is as follows (replace hda1 with the appropriate device for your system):
e2image -r /dev/hda1 - | bzip2 > hda1.e2i.bz2
This will only send the metadata information, without any data blocks. However, the filenames in the directory blocks can still reveal information about the contents of the file system that the bug reporter may wish to keep confidential.  To address this concern, the -s option can be specified to scramble the filenames in the image.
Note that this will work even if you substitute /dev/hda1 for another raw disk image, or QCOW2 image previously created by e2image.
QCOW2 IMAGE FILES The -Q option will create a QCOW2 image file instead of a normal, or raw image file.  A QCOW2 image contains all the information the raw image does, however unlike the raw image it is not sparse. The QCOW2 image minimize the amount of space used by the image by storing it in special format which packs data closely together, hence avoiding holes while still minimizing size.
In order to send file system to the maintainer as a part of bug report to e2fsprogs, use following commands (replace hda1 with the appropriate device for your system):
e2image -Q /dev/hda1 hda1.qcow2 bzip2 -z hda1.qcow2
This will only send the metadata information, without any data blocks. As described for RAW IMAGE FILES the -s option can be specified to scramble the file system names in the image.
Note that the QCOW2 image created by e2image is a regular QCOW2 image and can be processed by tools aware of QCOW2 format such as for example qemu- img.
You can convert a .qcow2 image into a raw image with:
e2image -r hda1.qcow2 hda1.raw
This can be useful to write a QCOW2 image containing all data to a sparse image file where it can be loop mounted, or to a disk partition.  Note that this may not work with QCOW2 images not generated by e2image.
Normally a file system starts at the beginning of a partition, and e2image is run on the partition.  When working with image files, you don't have the option of using the partition device, so you can specify the offset where the file system starts directly with the -o option. Similarly the -O option specifies the offset that should be seeked to in the destination before writing the file system.
For example, if you have a dd image of a whole hard drive that contains an ext2 fs in a partition starting at 1 MiB, you can clone that image to a block device with:
e2image -aro 1048576 img /dev/sda1
Or you can clone a file system from a block device into an image file, leaving room in the first MiB for a partition table with:
e2image -arO 1048576 /dev/sda1 img
If you specify at least one offset, and only one file, an in-place move will be performed, allowing you to safely move the file system from one offset to another.
e2image was written by Theodore Ts'o (tytso@mit.edu).
e2image is part of the e2fsprogs package and is available from http://e2fsprogs.sourceforge.net.
dumpe2fs(8), debugfs(8) e2fsck(8)
EVA(1)                       General Commands Manual                      EVA(1)
eva - QQ IM protocol compatible client in KDE
eva [Qt-options] [KDE-options] [options]
This manual page documents briefly the Eva IM client.  This manual page was written for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution because the original program does not have a manual page.
Eva is an awesome QQ compatible IM client. It is primarily written for KDE, perfect for you to keep in touch with those friends who have not yet seen the light.
--last Login with last saved settings.
-u, --user <qq number> Login to <qq number>.
-p, --passwd <password> Your password.
-m, --mode <mode> Connection mode. (UDP, TCP or HTTP_PROXY). UDP [UDP] is the default.
--pip <IP address> IP address of proxy server.
--pport <proxy port> Port of proxy server.
--pu <proxy username> User name on proxy server (if needed).
--ppw <proxy password> Password for proxy server (if needed).
--hide Set yourself invisible after login.
--remember Remember password and proxy settings.
Eva was written by yunfan <yunfan_zg@163.com>.
This manual page was written by Shaodong Di <gnuyhlfh@gmail.com>, for the Debian project (but may be used by others).
TRANSMISSION-CLI(1)        BSD General Commands Manual       TRANSMISSION-CLI(1)
transmission-cli — a bittorrent client
transmission-cli -h transmission-cli [-b | -B] [-d number | -D] [-er | -ep | -et] [-f script] [-g directory] [-h] [-m | -M] [-p port] [-t tos] [-u number | -U] [-v] [-w directory] torrent-file
The transmission-cli program is a lightweight, command-line BitTorrent client with scripting capabilities.
-b --blocklist Enable peer blocklists. Transmission understands the bluetack blocklist file format.  New blocklists can be added by copying them into the config-dir's "blocklists" subdirectory.
-B --no-blocklist Disable blocklists.
-d, --downlimit number Set the maximum download speed in KB/s
-D, --no-downlimit Don't limit the download speed
-f, --finish script Set a script to run when the torrent finishes
-g, --config-dir directory Where to look for configuration files. This can be used to swap between using the cli, daemon, gtk, and qt clients.  See https://github.com/transmission/transmission/wiki/Configuration- Files for more information.
-h, --help Prints a short usage summary.
-m, --portmap Enable portmapping via NAT-PMP or UPnP
-M, --no-portmap Disable portmapping
-n, --new sourcefile Create torrent from the specified file or directory
-p, --port port Set the port to listen for incoming peers. (Default: 51413)
-t, --tos tos Set the peer socket TOS for local router-based traffic shaping. Valid values are
“default”, “lowcost”, “throughput”, “reliability”, “lowdelay”,
a decimal value 0-255 or a hexidecimal value 0x00-0xff)
-u, --uplimit number Set the maximum upload speed in KB/s
-U, --no-uplimit Don't limit the upload speed
-v, --verify Verify the torrent's downloaded data.
-w, --download-dir directory Where to save downloaded data.
In addition to these options, sending transmission-cli a SIGHUP signal will contact the tracker for more peers.
TRANSMISSION_HOME Sets the default config-dir.
http_proxy  libcurl uses this environment variable when performing tracker announces.
~/.config/transmission Directory where transmission-cli keeps torrent information for future seeding and resume operations.
The transmission-cli program was written by Eric Petit, Josh Elsasser, Charles Kerr, Mitchell Livingston, and Mike Gelfand.
SCRIPT(1)                         User Commands                        SCRIPT(1)
script - make typescript of terminal session
script [options] [file]
script makes a typescript of everything on your terminal session. The terminal data are stored in raw form to the log file and information about timing to another (optional) structured log file. The timing log file is necessary to replay the session later by scriptreplay(1) and to store additional information about the session.
Since version 2.35, script supports multiple streams and allows the logging of input and output to separate files or all the one file. This version also supports new timing file which records additional information. The command scriptreplay --summary then provides all the information.
If the argument file or option --log-out file is given, script saves the dialogue in this file. If no filename is given, the dialogue is saved in the file typescript.
Note that logging input using --log-in or --log-io may record security-sensitive information as the log file contains all terminal session input (e.g., passwords) independently of the terminal echo flag setting.
Below, the size argument may be followed by the multiplicative suffixes KiB (=1024), MiB (=1024*1024), and so on for GiB, TiB, PiB, EiB, ZiB and YiB (the "iB" is optional, e.g., "K" has the same meaning as "KiB"), or the suffixes KB (=1000), MB (=1000*1000), and so on for GB, TB, PB, EB, ZB and YB.
-a, --append Append the output to file or to typescript, retaining the prior contents.
-c, --command command Run the command rather than an interactive shell. This makes it easy for a script to capture the output of a program that behaves differently when its stdout is not a tty.
-E, --echo when This option controls the ECHO flag for the slave end of the session’s pseudoterminal. The supported modes are always, never, or auto.
The default is auto — in this case, ECHO enabled for the pseudoterminal slave; if the current standard input is a terminal, ECHO is disabled for it to prevent double echo; if the current standard input is not a terminal (for example pipe: echo date | script) then keeping ECHO enabled for the pseudoterminal slave enables the standard input data to be viewed on screen while being recorded to session log simultaneously.
Note that 'never' mode affects content of the session output log, because users input is not repeated on output.
-e, --return Return the exit status of the child process. Uses the same format as bash termination on signal termination (i.e., exit status is 128 + the signal number). The exit status of the child process is always stored in the type script file too.
-f, --flush Flush output after each write. This is nice for telecooperation: one person does mkfifo foo; script -f foo, and another can supervise in real-time what is being done using cat foo. Note that flush has an impact on performance; it’s possible to use SIGUSR1 to flush logs on demand.
--force Allow the default output file typescript to be a hard or symbolic link. The command will follow a symbolic link.
-B, --log-io file Log input and output to the same file. Note, this option makes sense only if --log-timing is also specified, otherwise it’s impossible to separate output and input streams from the log file.
-I, --log-in file Log input to the file. The log output is disabled if only --log-in specified.
Use this logging functionality carefully as it logs all input, including input when terminal has disabled echo flag (for example, password inputs).
-O, --log-out file Log output to the file. The default is to log output to the file with name typescript if the option --log-out or --log-in is not given. The log output is disabled if only --log-in specified.
-T, --log-timing file Log timing information to the file. Two timing file formats are supported now. The classic format is used when only one stream (input or output) logging is enabled. The multi-stream format is used on --log-io or when --log-in and --log-out are used together. See also --logging-format.
-m, --logging-format format Force use of advanced or classic format. The default is the classic format to log only output and the advanced format when input as well as output logging is requested.
Classic format The log contains two fields, separated by a space. The first field indicates how much time elapsed since the previous output. The second field indicates how many characters were output this time.
Advanced (multi-stream) format The first field is an entry type identifier ('I’nput, 'O’utput, 'H’eader, 'S’ignal). The socond field is how much time elapsed since the previous entry, and the rest of the entry is type-specific data.
-o, --output-limit size Limit the size of the typescript and timing files to size and stop the child process after this size is exceeded. The calculated file size does not include the start and done messages that the script command prepends and appends to the child process output. Due to buffering, the resulting output file might be larger than the specified value.
-q, --quiet Be quiet (do not write start and done messages to standard output).
-t[file], --timing[=file] Output timing data to standard error, or to file when given. This option is deprecated in favour of --log-timing where the file argument is not optional.
Upon receiving SIGUSR1, script immediately flushes the output files.
The following environment variable is utilized by script:
SHELL If the variable SHELL exists, the shell forked by script will be that shell. If SHELL is not set, the Bourne shell is assumed. (Most shells set this variable automatically).
The script ends when the forked shell exits (a control-D for the Bourne shell (sh(1p)), and exit, logout or control-d (if ignoreeof is not set) for the C-shell, csh(1)).
Certain interactive commands, such as vi(1), create garbage in the typescript file. script works best with commands that do not manipulate the screen, the results are meant to emulate a hardcopy terminal.
It is not recommended to run script in non-interactive shells. The inner shell of script is always interactive, and this could lead to unexpected results. If you use script in the shell initialization file, you have to avoid entering an infinite loop. You can use for example the .profile file, which is read by login shells only:
if test -t 0 ; then script exit fi
You should also avoid use of script in command pipes, as script can read more input than you would expect.
The script command appeared in 3.0BSD.
script places everything in the log file, including linefeeds and backspaces. This is not what the naive user expects.
script is primarily designed for interactive terminal sessions. When stdin is not a terminal (for example: echo foo | script), then the session can hang, because the interactive shell within the script session misses EOF and script has no clue when to close the session. See the NOTES section for more information.
csh(1) (for the history mechanism), scriptreplay(1), scriptlive(1)
The script command is part of the util-linux package which can be downloaded from Linux Kernel Archive <https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/>.
TRACEROUTE(8)                 Traceroute For Linux                 TRACEROUTE(8)
traceroute - print the route packets trace to network host
traceroute [-46dFITUnreAV] [-f first_ttl] [-g gate,...] [-i device] [-m max_ttl] [-p port] [-s src_addr] [-q nqueries] [-N squeries] [-t tos] [-l flow_label] [-w waittimes] [-z sendwait] [-UL] [-D] [-P proto] [--sport=port] [-M method] [-O mod_options] [--mtu] [--back] host [packet_len] traceroute6  [options]
traceroute tracks the route packets taken from an IP network on their way to a given host. It utilizes the IP protocol's time to live (TTL) field and attempts to elicit an ICMP TIME_EXCEEDED response from each gateway along the path to the host.
traceroute6 is equivalent to traceroute -6
The only required parameter is the name or IP address of the destination host .  The optional packet_len`gth is the total size of the probing packet (default 60 bytes for IPv4 and 80 for IPv6). The specified size can be ignored in some situations or increased up to a minimal value.
This program attempts to trace the route an IP packet would follow to some internet host by launching probe packets with a small ttl (time to live) then listening for an ICMP "time exceeded" reply from a gateway. We start our probes with a ttl of one and increase by one until we get an ICMP "port unreachable" (or TCP reset), which means we got to the "host", or hit a max (which defaults to 30 hops). Three probes (by default) are sent at each ttl setting and a line is printed showing the ttl, address of the gateway and round trip time of each probe. The address can be followed by additional information when requested. If the probe answers come from different gateways, the address of each responding system will be printed.  If there is no response within a certain timeout, an "*" (asterisk) is printed for that probe.
After the trip time, some additional annotation can be printed: !H, !N, or !P (host, network or protocol unreachable), !S (source route failed), !F (fragmentation needed), !X (communication administratively prohibited), !V (host precedence violation), !C (precedence cutoff in effect), or !<num> (ICMP unreachable code <num>).  If almost all the probes result in some kind of unreachable, traceroute will give up and exit.
We don't want the destination host to process the UDP probe packets, so the destination port is set to an unlikely value (you can change it with the -p flag). There is no such a problem for ICMP or TCP tracerouting (for TCP we use half-open technique, which prevents our probes to be seen by applications on the destination host).
In the modern network environment the traditional traceroute methods can not be always applicable, because of widespread use of firewalls.  Such firewalls filter the "unlikely" UDP ports, or even ICMP echoes.  To solve this, some additional tracerouting methods are implemented (including tcp), see LIST OF AVAILABLE METHODS below. Such methods try to use particular protocol and source/destination port, in order to bypass firewalls (to be seen by firewalls just as a start of allowed type of a network session).
--help Print help info and exit.
-4, -6 Explicitly force IPv4 or IPv6 tracerouting. By default, the program will try to resolve the name given, and choose the appropriate protocol automatically. If resolving a host name returns both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, traceroute will use IPv4.
-I, --icmp Use ICMP ECHO for probes
-T, --tcp Use TCP SYN for probes