neulab/tldr huggingface dataset:
+dscp=value This option sets the DSCP code point to be used when sending the query. Valid DSCP code points are in the range [0...63]. By default no code point is explicitly set.
+[no]edns[=#] This option specifies the EDNS version to query with. Valid values are 0 to 255.  Setting the EDNS version causes an EDNS query to be sent.  +noedns clears the remembered EDNS version. EDNS is set to 0 by default.
+[no]ednsflags[=#] This option sets the must-be-zero EDNS flags bits (Z bits) to the specified value.  Decimal, hex, and octal encodings are accepted. Setting a named flag (e.g., DO) is silently ignored. By default, no Z bits are set.
+[no]ednsnegotiation This option enables/disables EDNS version negotiation. By default, EDNS version negotiation is enabled.
+[no]ednsopt[=code[:value]] This option specifies the EDNS option with code point code and an optional payload of value as a hexadecimal string. code can be either an EDNS option name (for example, NSID or ECS) or an arbitrary numeric value. +noednsopt clears the EDNS options to be sent.
+[no]expire This option sends an EDNS Expire option.
+[no]fail This option indicates that named should try [or not try] the next server if a SERVFAIL is received. The default is to not try the next server, which is the reverse of normal stub resolver behavior.
+[no]header-only This option sends a query with a DNS header without a question section. The default is to add a question section. The query type and query name are ignored when this is set.
+[no]identify This option shows [or does not show] the IP address and port number that supplied the answer, when the +short option is enabled. If short form answers are requested, the default is not to show the source address and port number of the server that provided the answer.
+[no]idnin This option processes [or does not process] IDN domain names on input. This requires IDN SUPPORT to have been enabled at compile time.
The default is to process IDN input when standard output is a tty. The IDN processing on input is disabled when dig output is redirected to files, pipes, and other non-tty file descriptors.
+[no]idnout This option converts [or does not convert] puny code on output. This requires IDN SUPPORT to have been enabled at compile time.
The default is to process puny code on output when standard output is a tty. The puny code processing on output is disabled when dig output is redirected to files, pipes, and other non-tty file descriptors.
+[no]ignore This option ignores [or does not ignore] truncation in UDP responses instead of retrying with TCP. By default, TCP retries are performed.
+[no]keepalive This option sends [or does not send] an EDNS Keepalive option.
+[no]keepopen This option keeps [or does not keep] the TCP socket open between queries, and reuses it rather than creating a new TCP socket for each lookup. The default is +nokeepopen.
+[no]mapped This option allows [or does not allow] mapped IPv4-over-IPv6 addresses to be used. The default is +mapped.
+[no]multiline This option prints [or does not print] records, like the SOA records, in a verbose multi-line format with human-readable comments. The default is to print each record on a single line to facilitate machine parsing of the dig output.
+ndots=D This option sets the number of dots (D) that must appear in name for it to be considered absolute. The default value is that defined using the ndots statement in /etc/resolv.conf, or 1 if no ndots statement is present. Names with fewer dots are interpreted as relative names, and are searched for in the domains listed in the search or domain directive in /etc/resolv.conf if +search is set.
+[no]nsid When enabled, this option includes an EDNS name server ID request when sending a query.
+[no]nssearch When this option is set, dig attempts to find the authoritative name servers for the zone containing the name being looked up, and display the SOA record that each name server has for the zone. Addresses of servers that did not respond are also printed.
+[no]onesoa When enabled, this option prints only one (starting) SOA record when performing an AXFR. The default is to print both the starting and ending SOA records.
+[no]opcode=value When enabled, this option sets (restores) the DNS message opcode to the specified value. The default value is QUERY (0).
+padding=value This option pads the size of the query packet using the EDNS Padding option to blocks of value bytes. For example, +padding=32 causes a 48-byte query to be padded to 64 bytes. The default block size is 0, which disables padding; the maximum is 512. Values are ordinarily expected to be powers of two, such as 128; however, this is not mandatory. Responses to padded queries may also be padded, but only if the query uses TCP or DNS COOKIE.
+[no]qr This option toggles the display of the query message as it is sent. By default, the query is not printed.
+[no]question This option toggles the display of the question section of a query when an answer is returned. The default is to print the question section as a comment.
+[no]raflag This option sets [or does not set] the RA (Recursion Available) bit in the query. The default is +noraflag. This bit is ignored by the server for QUERY.
+[no]rdflag This option is a synonym for +[no]recurse.
+[no]recurse This option toggles the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit in the query.  This bit is set by default, which means dig normally sends recursive queries. Recursion is automatically disabled when the +nssearch or +trace query option is used.
+retry=T This option sets the number of times to retry UDP and TCP queries to server to T instead of the default, 2.  Unlike +tries, this does not include the initial query.
+[no]rrcomments This option toggles the display of per-record comments in the output (for example, human-readable key information about DNSKEY records). The default is not to print record comments unless multiline mode is active.
+[no]search This option uses [or does not use] the search list defined by the searchlist or domain directive in resolv.conf, if any. The search list is not used by default.
ndots from resolv.conf (default 1), which may be overridden by +ndots, determines whether the name is treated as relative and hence whether a search is eventually performed.
+[no]short This option toggles whether a terse answer is provided. The default is to print the answer in a verbose form. This option always has a global effect; it cannot be set globally and then overridden on a per-lookup basis.
+[no]showsearch This option performs [or does not perform] a search showing intermediate results.
+[no]sigchase This feature is now obsolete and has been removed; use delv instead.
+split=W This option splits long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource records into chunks of W characters (where W is rounded up to the nearest multiple of 4). +nosplit or +split=0 causes fields not to be split at all. The default is 56 characters, or 44 characters when multiline mode is active.
+[no]stats This option toggles the printing of statistics: when the query was made, the size of the reply, etc. The default behavior is to print the query statistics as a comment after each lookup.
+[no]subnet=addr[/prefix-length] This option sends [or does not send] an EDNS CLIENT-SUBNET option with the specified IP address or network prefix.
dig +subnet=0.0.0.0/0, or simply dig +subnet=0 for short, sends an EDNS CLIENT-SUBNET option with an empty address and a source prefix-length of zero, which signals a resolver that the client's address information must not be used when resolving this query.
+[no]tcflag This option sets [or does not set] the TC (TrunCation) bit in the query. The default is +notcflag. This bit is ignored by the server for QUERY.
+[no]tcp This option uses [or does not use] TCP when querying name servers. The default behavior is to use UDP unless a type any or ixfr=N query is requested, in which case the default is TCP. AXFR queries always use TCP.
+timeout=T This option sets the timeout for a query to T seconds. The default timeout is 5 seconds. An attempt to set T to less than 1 is silently set to 1.
+[no]topdown This feature is related to dig +sigchase, which is obsolete and has been removed. Use delv instead.
+[no]trace This option toggles tracing of the delegation path from the root name servers for the name being looked up. Tracing is disabled by default. When tracing is enabled, dig makes iterative queries to resolve the name being looked up. It follows referrals from the root servers, showing the answer from each server that was used to resolve the lookup.
If @server is also specified, it affects only the initial query for the root zone name servers.
+dnssec is also set when +trace is set, to better emulate the default queries from a name server.
+tries=T This option sets the number of times to try UDP and TCP queries to server to T instead of the default, 3. If T is less than or equal to zero, the number of tries is silently rounded up to 1.
+trusted-key=#### This option formerly specified trusted keys for use with dig +sigchase. This feature is now obsolete and has been removed; use delv instead.
+[no]ttlid This option displays [or does not display] the TTL when printing the record.
+[no]ttlunits This option displays [or does not display] the TTL in friendly human-readable time units of s, m, h, d, and w, representing seconds, minutes, hours, days, and weeks. This implies +ttlid.
+[no]unexpected This option accepts [or does not accept] answers from unexpected sources.  By default, dig will not accept a reply from a source other than the one to which it sent the query.
+[no]unknownformat This option prints all RDATA in unknown RR type presentation format (RFC 3597).  The default is to print RDATA for known types in the type's presentation format.
+[no]vc This option uses [or does not use] TCP when querying name servers. This alternate syntax to +[no]tcp is provided for backwards compatibility. The vc stands for "virtual circuit."
+[no]yaml When enabled, this option prints the responses (and, if +qr is in use, also the outgoing queries) in a detailed YAML format.
+[no]zflag This option sets [or does not set] the last unassigned DNS header flag in a DNS query.  This flag is off by default.
The BIND 9 implementation of dig supports specifying multiple queries on the command line (in addition to supporting the -f batch file option). Each of those queries can be supplied with its own set of flags, options, and query options.
In this case, each query argument represents an individual query in the command-line syntax described above. Each consists of any of the standard options and flags, the name to be looked up, an optional query type and class, and any query options that should be applied to that query.
A global set of query options, which should be applied to all queries, can also be supplied. These global query options must precede the first tuple of name, class, type, options, flags, and query options supplied on the command line. Any global query options (except +[no]cmd and +[no]short options) can be overridden by a query-specific set of query options. For example:
dig +qr www.isc.org any -x 127.0.0.1 isc.org ns +noqr
shows how dig can be used from the command line to make three lookups: an ANY query for www.isc.org, a reverse lookup of 127.0.0.1, and a query for the NS records of isc.org. A global query option of +qr is applied, so that dig shows the initial query it made for each lookup. The final query has a local query option of +noqr which means that dig does not print the initial query when it looks up the NS records for isc.org.
If dig has been built with IDN (internationalized domain name) support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names. dig appropriately converts character encoding of a domain name before sending a request to a DNS server or displaying a reply from the server.  To turn off IDN support, use the parameters +noidnin and +noidnout, or define the IDN_DISABLE environment variable.
dig return codes are:
0      DNS response received, including NXDOMAIN status
1      Usage error
8      Couldn't open batch file
9      No reply from server
10     Internal error
${HOME}/.digrc
delv(1), host(1), named(8), dnssec-keygen(8), RFC 1035.
There are probably too many query options.
APACHE(1)                         User Commands                        APACHE(1)
mvn - Command to start the Maven system
usage: mvn [options] [<goal(s)>] [<phase(s)>]
-am,--also-make If project list is specified, also build projects required by the list
-amd,--also-make-dependents If project list is specified, also build projects that depend on projects on the list
-B,--batch-mode Run in non-interactive (batch) mode
-C,--strict-checksums Fail the build if checksums don't match
-c,--lax-checksums Warn if checksums don't match
-cpu,--check-plugin-updates Force upToDate check for any relevant registered plugins
-D,--define <arg> Define a system property
-e,--errors Produce execution error messages
-emp,--encrypt-master-password <arg> Encrypt master security password
-ep,--encrypt-password <arg> Encrypt server password
-f,--file Force the use of an alternate POM file.
-fae,--fail-at-end Only fail the build afterwards; allow all non-impacted builds to continue
-ff,--fail-fast Stop at first failure in reactorized builds
-fn,--fail-never NEVER fail the build, regardless of project result
-gs,--global-settings <arg> Alternate path for the global settings file
-h,--help Display help information
-N,--non-recursive Do not recurse into sub-projects
-npr,--no-plugin-registry Don't use ~/.m2/plugin-registry.xml for plugin versions
-npu,--no-plugin-updates Suppress upToDate check for any relevant registered plugins
-o,--offline Work offline
-P,--activate-profiles <arg> Comma-delimited list of profiles to activate
-pl,--projects <arg> Build specified reactor projects instead of all projects
-q,--quiet Quiet output - only show errors
-r,--reactor Dynamically build reactor from subdirectories
-rf,--resume-from <arg> Resume reactor from specified project
-s,--settings <arg> Alternate path for the user settings file
-U,--update-snapshots Forces a check for updated releases and snapshots on remote repositories
-up,--update-plugins Synonym for cpu
-V,--show-version Display version information WITHOUT stopping build
-v,--version Display version information
-X,--debug Produce execution debug output
The full documentation for Apache is maintained as a Texinfo manual.  If the info and Apache programs are properly installed at your site, the command
info Apache
RPM(8)                                                                    RPM(8)
rpm - RPM Package Manager
QUERYING AND VERIFYING PACKAGES: rpm {-q|--query} [select-options] [query-options]
rpm --querytags
rpm {-V|--verify} [select-options] [verify-options]
INSTALLING, UPGRADING, AND REMOVING PACKAGES: rpm {-i|--install} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...
rpm {-U|--upgrade} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...
rpm {-F|--freshen} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...
rpm {--reinstall} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...
rpm {-e|--erase} [--allmatches] [--justdb] [--nodeps] [--noscripts] [--notriggers] [--test] PACKAGE_NAME ...
MISCELLANEOUS: rpm --showrc
rpm --setperms PACKAGE_NAME ...
rpm --setugids PACKAGE_NAME ...
rpm --setcaps PACKAGE_NAME ...
rpm --restore PACKAGE_NAME ...
select-options [PACKAGE_NAME] [-a,--all [SELECTOR]] [-f,--file FILE] [-g,--group GROUP] [-p,--package PACKAGE_FILE] [--hdrid SHA1] [--pkgid MD5] [--tid TID] [--querybynumber HDRNUM] [--triggeredby PACKAGE_NAME] [--whatprovides CAPABILITY] [--whatrequires CAPABILITY] [--whatrecommends CAPABILITY] [--whatsuggests CAPABILITY] [--whatsupplements CAPABILITY] [--whatenhances CAPABILITY] [--whatobsoletes CAPABILITY] [--whatconflicts CAPABILITY]
query-options General: [--changelog] [--changes] [--dupes] [-i,--info] [--last] [--qf,--queryformat QUERYFMT] [--xml]
Dependencies: [--conflicts] [--enhances] [--obsoletes] [--provides] [--recommends] [-R,--requires] [--suggests] [--supplements]
Files: [-c,--configfiles] [-d,--docfiles] [--dump] [--fileclass] [--filecolor] [--fileprovide][--filerequire] [--filecaps] [--filesbypkg] [-l,--list] [-s,--state] [--noartifact] [--noghost] [--noconfig]
Scripts and triggers: [--filetriggers] [--scripts] [--triggers,--triggerscripts]
verify-options [--nodeps] [--nofiles] [--noscripts] [--nodigest] [--nosignature] [--nolinkto] [--nofiledigest] [--nosize] [--nouser] [--nogroup] [--nomtime] [--nomode] [--nordev] [--nocaps]
install-options [--allfiles] [--badreloc] [--excludepath OLDPATH] [--excludedocs] [--force] [-h,--hash] [--ignoresize] [--ignorearch] [--ignoreos] [--includedocs] [--justdb] [--nodeps] [--nodigest] [--noplugins] [--nocaps] [--noorder] [--noverify] [--nosignature] [--noscripts] [--notriggers] [--oldpackage] [--percent] [--prefix NEWPATH] [--relocate OLDPATH=NEWPATH] [--replacefiles] [--replacepkgs] [--test]
rpm is a powerful Package Manager, which can be used to build, install, query, verify, update, and erase individual software packages.  A package consists of an archive of files and meta-data used to install and erase the archive files.  The meta-data includes helper scripts, file attributes, and descriptive information about the package.  Packages come in two varieties: binary packages, used to encapsulate software to be installed, and source packages, containing the source code and recipe necessary to produce binary packages.
One of the following basic modes must be selected: Query, Verify, Install/Upgrade/Freshen/Reinstall, Uninstall, Set Owners/Groups, Show Querytags, and Show Configuration.
-?, --help Print a longer usage message than normal.
-v, --verbose Print verbose information - normally routine progress messages will be displayed.
--rcfile FILELIST Replace the list of configuration files to be read.  Each of the files in the colon separated FILELIST is read sequentially by rpm for configuration information.  Only the first file in the list must exist, and tildes will be expanded to the value of $HOME. The default FILELIST is /usr/lib/rpm/rpmrc:/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/rpmrc:/etc/rpmrc:~/.rpmrc.
--load FILE Load an individual macro file.
--macros FILELIST Replace the list of macro files to be loaded.  Each of the files in the colon separated FILELIST is read sequentially by rpm for macro definitions.  Only the first file in the list must exist, and tildes will be expanded to the value of $HOME.  The default FILELIST is /usr/lib/rpm/macros:/usr/lib/rpm/macros.d/macros.*:/usr/lib/rpm/platform/%{_target}/macros:/usr/lib/rpm/fileattrs/*.attr:/usr/lib/rpm/redhat/macros:/etc/rpm/macros.*:/etc/rpm/macros:/etc/rpm/%{_target}/macros:~/.rpmmacros
--undefine='MACRO' Undefines MACRO.
-E, --eval='EXPR' Prints macro expansion of EXPR.
More - less often needed - options can be found on the rpm-misc(8) man page.
INSTALL AND UPGRADE OPTIONS In these options, PACKAGE_FILE can be either rpm binary file or ASCII package manifest (see PACKAGE SELECTION OPTIONS), and may be specified as an ftp or http URL, in which case the package will be downloaded before being installed.  See FTP/HTTP OPTIONS for information on rpm's ftp and http client support.
The general form of an rpm install command is
rpm {-i|--install} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...
This installs a new package.
The general form of an rpm upgrade command is
This upgrades or installs the package currently installed to a newer version.  This is the same as install, except all other version(s) of the package are removed after the new package is installed.
This will upgrade packages, but only ones for which an earlier version is installed.
The general form of an rpm reinstall command is
This reinstalls a previously installed package.
--allfiles Installs or upgrades all the missingok files in the package, regardless if they exist.
--badreloc Used with --relocate, permit relocations on all file paths, not just those OLDPATH's included in the binary package relocation hint(s).
--excludepath OLDPATH Don't install files whose name begins with OLDPATH.
--excludeartifacts Don't install any files which are marked as artifacts, such as build-id links.
--excludedocs Don't install any files which are marked as documentation (which includes man pages and texinfo documents).
--force Same as using --replacepkgs, --replacefiles, and --oldpackage.
-h, --hash Print 50 hash marks as the package archive is unpacked.  Use with -v|--verbose for a nicer display.
--ignoresize Don't check mount file systems for sufficient disk space before installing this package.
--ignorearch Allow installation or upgrading even if the architectures of the binary package and host don't match.
--ignoreos Allow installation or upgrading even if the operating systems of the binary package and host don't match.
--includedocs Install documentation files.  This is the default behavior.
--justdb Update only the database, not the filesystem.
--nodigest Don't verify package or header digests when reading.
--nomanifest Don't process non-package files as manifests.
--nosignature Don't verify package or header signatures when reading.
--nodeps Don't do a dependency check before installing or upgrading a package.
--nocaps Don't set file capabilities.
--noorder Don't reorder the packages for an install.  The list of packages would normally be reordered to satisfy dependencies.
--noverify Don't perform verify package files prior to installation.
--noplugins Do not load and execute plugins.
--noscripts, --nopre, --nopost, --nopreun, --nopostun, --nopretrans, --noposttrans Don't execute the scriptlet of the same name.  The --noscripts option is equivalent to
--nopre --nopost --nopreun --nopostun --nopretrans --noposttrans
and turns off the execution of the corresponding %pre, %post, %preun, %postun %pretrans, and %posttrans scriptlet(s).
--notriggers, --notriggerin, --notriggerun, --notriggerprein, --notriggerpostun Don't execute any trigger scriptlet of the named type.  The --notriggers option is equivalent to
--notriggerprein --notriggerin --notriggerun --notriggerpostun
and turns off execution of the corresponding %triggerprein, %triggerin, %triggerun, and %triggerpostun scriptlet(s).
--oldpackage Allow an upgrade to replace a newer package with an older one.
--percent Print percentages as files are unpacked from the package archive. This is intended to make rpm easy to run from other tools.
--prefix NEWPATH For relocatable binary packages, translate all file paths that start with the installation prefix in the package relocation hint(s) to NEWPATH.
--relocate OLDPATH=NEWPATH For relocatable binary packages, translate all file paths that start with OLDPATH in the package relocation hint(s) to NEWPATH. This option can be used repeatedly if several OLDPATH's in the package are to be relocated.
--replacefiles Install the packages even if they replace files from other, already installed, packages.
--replacepkgs Install the packages even if some of them are already installed on this system.
--test Do not install the package, simply check for and report potential conflicts.
ERASE OPTIONS The general form of an rpm erase command is
--allmatches Remove all versions of the package which match PACKAGE_NAME. Normally an error is issued if PACKAGE_NAME matches multiple packages.
--nodeps Don't check dependencies before uninstalling the packages.
--noscripts, --nopreun, --nopostun Don't execute the scriptlet of the same name.  The --noscripts option during package erase is equivalent to
--nopreun --nopostun
and turns off the execution of the corresponding %preun, and %postun scriptlet(s).
--notriggers, --notriggerun, --notriggerpostun Don't execute any trigger scriptlet of the named type.  The --notriggers option is equivalent to
--notriggerun --notriggerpostun
and turns off execution of the corresponding %triggerun, and %triggerpostun scriptlet(s).
--test Don't really uninstall anything, just go through the motions. Useful in conjunction with the -vv option for debugging.
QUERY OPTIONS The general form of an rpm query command is
You may specify the format that package information should be printed in. To do this, you use the
option, followed by the QUERYFMT format string.  Query formats are modified versions of the standard printf(3) formatting.  The format is made up of static strings (which may include standard C character escapes for newlines, tabs, and other special characters) and printf(3) type formatters.  As rpm already knows the type to print, the type specifier must be omitted however, and replaced by the name of the header tag to be printed, enclosed by {} characters.  Tag names are case insensitive, and the leading RPMTAG_ portion of the tag name may be omitted as well.
Alternate output formats may be requested by following the tag with :typetag.  Currently, the following types are supported:
:armor Wrap a public key in ASCII armor.
:arraysize Display number of elements in array tags.
:base64 Encode binary data using base64.
:date  Use strftime(3) "%c" format.
:day   Use strftime(3) "%a %b %d %Y" format.
:depflags Format dependency comparison operator.
:deptype Format dependency type.
:expand Perform macro expansion.
:fflags Format file flags.
:fstate Format file state.
:fstatus Format file verify status.
:hex   Format in hexadecimal.
:octal Format in octal.
:humaniec Human readable number (in IEC 80000).  The suffix K = 1024, M = 1048576, ...
:humansi Human readable number (in SI).  The suffix K = 1000, M = 1000000, ...
:perms Format file permissions.
:pgpsig Display signature fingerprint and time.
:shescape Escape single quotes for use in a script.
:string Display string format.  (default)
:tagname Display tag name.
:tagnum Display tag number.
:triggertype Display trigger suffix.
:vflags File verification flags.
:xml   Wrap data in simple xml markup.
For example, to print only the names of the packages queried, you could use %{NAME} as the format string.  To print the packages name and distribution information in two columns, you could use %-30{NAME}%{DISTRIBUTION}.  rpm will print a list of all of the tags it knows about when it is invoked with the --querytags argument.
There are three subsets of options for querying: package selection, file selection and information selection.
PACKAGE SELECTION OPTIONS: PACKAGE_NAME Query installed package named PACKAGE_NAME.  To specify the package more precisely the package name may be followed by the version or version and release both separated by a dash or an architecture name separated by a dot.  See the output of rpm -qa or rpm -qp PACKAGE_FILE as an example.
-a, --all [SELECTOR] Query all installed packages.
An optional SELECTOR in the form of tag=pattern can be provided to narrow the selection, for example name="b*" to query packages whose name starts with "b".
--dupes List duplicated packages.
-f, --file FILE Query package owning FILE.
--filecaps List file names with POSIX1.e capabilities.
--fileclass List file names with their classes (libmagic classification).
--filecolor List file names with their colors (0 for noarch, 1 for 32bit, 2 for 64 bit).
--fileprovide List file names with their provides.
--filerequire List file names with their requires.
-g, --group GROUP Query packages with the group of GROUP.
--hdrid SHA1 Query package that contains a given header identifier, i.e. the SHA1 digest of the immutable header region.
-p, --package PACKAGE_FILE Query an (uninstalled) package PACKAGE_FILE.  The PACKAGE_FILE may be specified as an ftp or http style URL, in which case the package header will be downloaded and queried.  See FTP/HTTP OPTIONS for information on rpm's ftp and http client support.  The PACKAGE_FILE argument(s), if not a binary package, will be interpreted as an ASCII package manifest unless --nomanifest option is used.  In manifests, comments are permitted, starting with a '#', and each line of a package manifest file may include white space separated glob expressions, including URL's, that will be expanded to paths that are substituted in place of the package manifest as additional PACKAGE_FILE arguments to the query.
--pkgid MD5 Query package that contains a given package identifier, i.e. the MD5 digest of the combined header and payload contents.
--querybynumber HDRNUM Query the HDRNUMth database entry directly; this is useful only for debugging.
--specfile SPECFILE Parse and query SPECFILE as if it were a package.  Although not all the information (e.g. file lists) is available, this type of query permits rpm to be used to extract information from spec files without having to write a specfile parser.
--tid TID Query package(s) that have a given TID transaction identifier.  A unix time stamp is currently used as a transaction identifier. All package(s) installed or erased within a single transaction have a common identifier.
--triggeredby PACKAGE_NAME Query packages that are triggered by package(s) PACKAGE_NAME.
--whatobsoletes CAPABILITY Query all packages that obsolete CAPABILITY for proper functioning.
--whatprovides CAPABILITY Query all packages that provide the CAPABILITY capability.
--whatrequires CAPABILITY Query all packages that require CAPABILITY for proper functioning.
--whatconflicts CAPABILITY Query all packages that conflict with CAPABILITY.
--whatrecommends CAPABILITY Query all packages that recommend CAPABILITY.
--whatsuggests CAPABILITY Query all packages that suggest CAPABILITY.
--whatsupplements CAPABILITY Query all packages that supplement CAPABILITY.
--whatenhances CAPABILITY Query all packages that enhance CAPABILITY.
PACKAGE QUERY OPTIONS: --changelog Display change information for the package.
--changes Display change information for the package with full time stamps.
--conflicts List capabilities this package conflicts with.
--dump Dump file information as follows (implies -l):
path size mtime digest mode owner group isconfig isdoc rdev symlink
--enhances List capabilities enhanced by package(s)
--filesbypkg List all the files in each selected package.
--filetriggers List filetrigger scriptlets from package(s).
-i, --info Display package information, including name, version, and description.  This uses the --queryformat if one was specified.
--last Orders the package listing by install time such that the latest packages are at the top.
-l, --list List files in package.
--obsoletes List packages this package obsoletes.
--provides List capabilities this package provides.
--recommends List capabilities recommended by package(s)
-R, --requires List capabilities on which this package depends.
--suggests List capabilities suggested by package(s)
--supplements List capabilities supplemented by package(s)
--scripts List the package specific scriptlet(s) that are used as part of the installation and uninstallation processes.
-s, --state Display the states of files in the package (implies -l).  The state of each file is one of normal, not installed, or replaced.
--triggers, --triggerscripts Display the trigger scripts, if any, which are contained in the package.  --xml Format package headers as XML.
FILE SELECTION OPTIONS: -A, --artifactfiles Only include artifact files (implies -l).
-c, --configfiles Only include configuration files (implies -l).
-d, --docfiles Only include documentation files (implies -l).
-L, --licensefiles Only include license files (implies -l).
--noartifact Exclude artifact files.
--noconfig Exclude config files.
--noghost Exclude ghost files.
VERIFY OPTIONS The general form of an rpm verify command is
Verifying a package compares information about the installed files in the package with information about the files taken from the package metadata stored in the rpm database.  Among other things, verifying compares the size, digest, permissions, type, owner and group of each file.  Any discrepancies are displayed.  Files that were not installed from the package, for example, documentation files excluded on installation using the "--excludedocs" option, will be silently ignored.
The package and file selection options are the same as for package querying (including package manifest files as arguments).  Other options unique to verify mode are:
--nodeps Don't verify dependencies of packages.
--nofiles Don't verify any attributes of package files.
--noscripts Don't execute the %verifyscript scriptlet (if any).
--nolinkto
--nofiledigest (formerly --nomd5)
--nosize
--nouser
--nogroup
--nomtime
--nomode
--nordev Don't verify the corresponding file attribute.
--nocaps Don't verify file capabilities.
The format of the output is a string of 9 characters, a possible attribute marker:
c %config configuration file. d %doc documentation file. g %ghost file (i.e. the file contents are not included in the package payload). l %license license file. r %readme readme file.
from the package header, followed by the file name.  Each of the 9 characters denotes the result of a comparison of attribute(s) of the file to the value of those attribute(s) recorded in the database.  A single "." (period) means the test passed, while a single "?" (question mark) indicates the test could not be performed (e.g. file permissions prevent reading).  Otherwise, the (mnemonically emBoldened) character denotes failure of the corresponding --verify test:
S file Size differs M Mode differs (includes permissions and file type) 5 digest (formerly MD5 sum) differs D Device major/minor number mismatch L readLink(2) path mismatch U User ownership differs G Group ownership differs T mTime differs P caPabilities differ
MISCELLANEOUS COMMANDS rpm --showrc shows the values rpm will use for all of the options are currently set in rpmrc and macros configuration file(s).
rpm --setperms PACKAGE_NAME sets permissions of files in the given package.  Consider using --restore instead.
rpm --setugids PACKAGE_NAME sets user/group ownership of files in the given package.  This command can change permissions and capabilities of files in that package.  In most cases it is better to use --restore instead.
rpm --setcaps PACKAGE_NAME sets capabilities of files in the given package.  Consider using --restore instead.
rpm --restore PACKAGE_NAME The option restores owner, group, permissions and capabilities of files in the given package.
Options --setperms, --setugids, --setcaps and --restore are mutually exclusive.
FTP/HTTP OPTIONS rpm can act as an FTP and/or HTTP client so that packages can be queried or installed from the internet.  Package files for install, upgrade, and query operations may be specified as an ftp or http style URL:
http://HOST[:PORT]/path/to/package.rpm
ftp://[USER:PASSWORD]@HOST[:PORT]/path/to/package.rpm
If both the user and password are omitted, anonymous ftp is used.
rpm allows the following options to be used with ftp URLs:
rpm allows the following options to be used with http and ftp URLs:
--httpproxy HOST The host HOST will be used as a proxy server for all http and ftp transfers.  This option may also be specified by configuring the macro %_httpproxy.
--httpport PORT The TCP PORT number to use for the http connection on the proxy http server instead of the default port.  This option may also be specified by configuring the macro %_httpport.
Executing rpmbuild The build modes of rpm are now resident in the /usr/bin/rpmbuild executable.  Install the package containing rpmbuild (usually rpm-build) and see rpmbuild(8) for documentation of all the rpm build modes.
Database /var/lib/rpm/Basenames /var/lib/rpm/Conflictname /var/lib/rpm/Dirnames /var/lib/rpm/Group /var/lib/rpm/Installtid /var/lib/rpm/Name /var/lib/rpm/Obsoletename /var/lib/rpm/Packages /var/lib/rpm/Providename /var/lib/rpm/Requirename /var/lib/rpm/Sha1header /var/lib/rpm/Sigmd5 /var/lib/rpm/Triggername
rpm-misc(8), popt(3), rpm2cpio(8), rpmbuild(8), rpmdb(8), rpmkeys(8), rpmsign(8), rpmspec(8),
rpm --help - as rpm supports customizing the options via popt aliases it's impossible to guarantee that what's described in the manual matches what's available.
MUTOOL(1)                    General Commands Manual                   MUTOOL(1)
mutool - all purpose tool for dealing with PDF files
mutool <sub-command> [options]
mutool is a tool based on MuPDF for dealing with document files in various manners.  There are several sub commands available, as described below.
mutool draw [options] file [pages]
The draw command will render a document to image files, convert to another vector format, or extract the text content.
The supported input document formats are: pdf, xps, cbz, and epub.
The supported output image formats are: pbm, pgm, ppm, pam, png, pwg, pcl and ps.  The supported output vector formats are: svg, pdf, and debug trace (as xml).  The supported output text formats are: plain text, html, and structured text (as xml).
-p password Use the specified password if the file is encrypted.
-o output The output format is inferred from the output filename.  Embed %d in the name to indicate the page number (for example: "page%d.png").  Printf modifiers are supported, for example "%03d".  If no output is specified, the output will go to stdout.
-F format Enforce a specific output format. Only necessary when outputting to stdout since normally the output filename is used to infer the output format.
-R angle Rotate clockwise by given number of degrees.
-r resolution Render the page at the specified resolution.  The default resolution is 72 dpi.
-w width Render the page at the specified width (or, if the -r flag is used, render with a maximum width).
-h height Render the page at the specified height (or, if the -r flag is used, render with a maximum height).
-f     Fit exactly; ignore the aspect ratio when matching specified width/heights.
-B bandheight Render in banded mode with each band no taller than the given height. This uses less memory during rendering. Only compatible with pam, pgm, ppm, pnm and png output formats. Banded rendering and md5 checksumming may not be used at the same time.
-U filename User CSS stylesheet for EPUB layout.
-c colorspace Render in the specified colorspace.  Supported colorspaces are: mono, gray, grayalpha, rgb, rgbalpha, cmyk, cmykalpha.  Some abbreviations are allowed: m, g, ga, rgba, cmyka.  The default is chosen based on the output format.
-G gamma Apply gamma correction.  Some typical values are 0.7 or 1.4 to thin or darken text rendering.
-I     Invert colors.
-s [mft5] Show various bits of information: m for glyph cache and total memory usage, f for page features such as whether the page is grayscale or color, t for per page rendering times as well statistics, and 5 for md5 checksums of rendered images that can be used to check if rendering has changed.
-A bits Specify how many bits of anti-aliasing to use. The default is 8.
-D     Disable use of display lists. May cause slowdowns, but should reduce the amount of memory used.
-i     Ignore errors.
-L     Low memory mode (avoid caching objects by clearing cache after each page).
-P     Run interpretation and rendering at the same time.
pages  Comma separated list of page numbers and ranges (for example: 1,5,10-15,20-N), where the character N denotes the last page.  If no pages are specified, then all pages will be rendered.
mutool clean [options] input.pdf [output.pdf] [pages]
The clean command pretty prints and rewrites the syntax of a PDF file. It can be used to repair broken files, expand compressed streams, filter out a range of pages, etc.
If no output file is specified, it will write the cleaned PDF to "out.pdf" in the current directory.
-g     Garbage collect objects that have no references from other objects.  Give the option twice to also renumber all objects and compact the cross reference table.  Give it three times to also merge and reuse duplicate objects.  Give it four times to also merge and reuse duplicate streams.
-s     Rewrite content streams.
-d     Decompress streams. This will make the output file larger, but provides easy access for reading and editing the contents with a text editor.
-l     Linearize output. Create a "Web Optimized" output file.
-i     Toggle decompression of image streams. Use in conjunction with -d to leave images compressed.
-f     Toggle decompression of font streams. Use in conjunction with -d to leave fonts compressed.
-a     ASCII Hex encode binary streams. Use in conjunction with -d and -i or -f to ensure that although the images and/or fonts are compressed, the resulting file can still be viewed and edited with a text editor.
-z     Deflate uncompressed streams.  If combined with -d, any decompressed streams will be recompressed.  If combined with -a, the streams will also be hex encoded after compression.
pages  Comma separated list of page numbers and ranges (for example: 1,5,10-15,20-N), where the character N denotes the last page.  If no pages are specified, then all pages will be included.
mutool extract [options] file.pdf [object numbers]
The extract command can be used to extract images and font files from a PDF.  If no object numbers are given on the command line, all images and fonts will be extracted.
-r     Convert images to RGB when extracting them.
mutool info [options] file.pdf [pages]
The info command lists the resources used on each page in a PDF file. The default is to list all resource types, but if one or more flags are given, only the flagged types will be shown.
-F     List fonts.
-I     List images.
-M     List page dimensions.
-S     List shadings.
-P     List patterns.
-X     List form and postscript XObjects.
mutool create [-o output.pdf] [options] page1.txt [page2.txt ...]
The create command creates a new PDF file with the contents created from one or more input files containing graphics commands.
-o output If no output file is specified, it will write the created PDF to "out.pdf" in the current directory.
page.txt A page is created for each input file, with the contents of the file copied into the content stream. Special comments in the input files are parsed to define the page dimensions and font and image resources:
%%MediaBox 0 0 500 800 %%Rotate 90 %%Font Tm Times-Roman %%Font Fn0 path/to/font/file.ttf %%Image Im0 path/to/image.png
-O     Comma separated list of format specific output options:
decompress Decompress all object streams.
compress Compress all object streams.
compress-fonts Compress object streams for embedded fonts.
compress-images Compress object streams for images.
ascii Encode object streams using ASCII hex encoding.
pretty Pretty-print objects with indentation.
linearize Optimize document for progressive loading in viewers.
sanitize Clean up graphics command in content streams.
garbage[=compact|deduplicate] Garbage collect unused objects. With compact the cross-reference table will also be compacted. With deduplicate duplicate objects will also be recombined.
mutool pages [options] input.pdf [pages ...]
The pages command dumps information about the size and orientation of pages within the document.
mutool poster [options] input.pdf [output.pdf]
The poster command splits each page into tiles, and puts each tile on a page of its own. It's useful for printing a large page onto smaller pieces of paper that can then be glued together to create a large poster.
-x factor Split the page into this many horizontal pieces.
-y factor Split the page into this many vertical pieces.
The output will have x times y number of pages for each input page.
mutool show [options] file.pdf [object numbers ...]
The show command will print the specified objects and streams to stdout. Streams are decoded and non-printable characters are represented with a period by default.
-o file Write output to file instead of stdout.
-b     Print streams as binary data and omit the object header.
-e     Print streams in their original encoded (or compressed) form.
Specify objects by number, or use one of the following special names:
'xref' Print the cross reference table.
'trailer' Print the trailer dictionary.
'encrypt' Print the encryption dictionary.
'pagetree' List the object numbers for every page.
'grep' Print all the objects in the file in a compact one-line format suitable for piping to grep.
'outline' Print the outline (table of contents).
mutool run script.js [arguments]
Executes a Javascript program which has access to most of the features of the MuPDF library. The command supports ECMAScript 5 syntax in strict mode. All of the MuPDF constructors and function live in the global object, and the command line arguments are accessible from the global argv object.
If invoke without any arguments, it will drop you into an interactive REPL (read-eval-print-loop). On the interactive prompt, if you prefix a line with an equal character it will automatically print the results of the line.
See the MuPDF documentation for details about the Javascript interfaces.
mutool convert [options] file [pages]
The convert command is used to convert a file from one format to another.
mutool merge [options] file1 [pages] file2 [pages] ...
The merge command is used to pick out pages from two or more files and merge them in order into a new output file.
-o output The output filename.
-O     See mutool create for details on this option.
mupdf(1),
MuPDF is Copyright 2006-2017 Artifex Software, Inc.
TS(1)                                                                      TS(1)
ts - timestamp input
ts [-r] [-i | -s] [-m] [format]
ts adds a timestamp to the beginning of each line of input.
The optional format parameter controls how the timestamp is formatted, as used by strftime(3). The default format is "%b %d %H:%M:%S". In addition to the regular strftime conversion specifications, "%.S" and "%.s" and "%.T" are like "%S" and "%s" and "%T", but provide subsecond resolution (ie, "30.00001" and "1301682593.00001" and "1:15:30.00001").
If the -r switch is passed, it instead converts existing timestamps in the input to relative times, such as "15m5s ago". Many common timestamp formats are supported. Note that the Time::Duration and Date::Parse perl modules are required for this mode to work. Currently, converting localized dates is not supported.
If both -r and a format is passed, the existing timestamps are converted to the specified format.
If the -i or -s switch is passed, ts reports incremental timestamps instead of absolute ones. The default format changes to "%H:%M:%S", and "%.S" and "%.s" can be used as well. In case of -i, every timestamp will be the time elapsed since the last timestamp. In case of -s, the time elapsed since start of the program is used.
The -m switch makes the system's monotonic clock be used.
The standard TZ environment variable controls what time zone dates are assumed to be in, if a timezone is not specified as part of the date.
Copyright 2006 by Joey Hess <id@joeyh.name>
PICARD(1)                    General Commands Manual                   PICARD(1)
picard - next generation MusicBrainz tagging application (written in pyQT4)
picard is the next generation MusicBrainz tagging application. This new tagging concept is album oriented, as opposed to track oriented like the others taggers are.
picard has no command line options. However if you start Picard from the command line with a list of files as arguments, Picard will start with the listed files in the "to be tagged" pane.
Homepage: https://picard.musicbrainz.org/
This manual page was written by Adam Cecile <gandalf@le-vert.net> for the Debian system (but may be used by others). Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU General Public License, Version 2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation On Debian systems, the complete text of the GNU General Public License can be found in /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL.
OPENFORTIVPN(1)              General Commands Manual             OPENFORTIVPN(1)
openfortivpn - Client for PPP+SSL VPN tunnel services
openfortivpn [<host>[:<port>]] [-u <user>] [-p <pass>] [--pinentry=<name>] [--otp=<otp>] [--otp-prompt=<prompt>] [--otp-delay=<delay>] [--no-ftm-push] [--realm=<realm>] [--ifname=<interface>] [--set-routes=<bool>] [--no-routes] [--set-dns=<bool>] [--no-dns] [--half-internet-routes=<bool>] [--ca-file=<file>] [--user-cert=<file>] [--user-cert=pkcs11:] [--user-key=<file>] [--use-syslog] [--trusted-cert=<digest>] [--insecure-ssl] [--cipher-list=<ciphers>] [--min-tls=<version>] [--seclevel-1] [--pppd-use-peerdns=<bool>] [--pppd-no-peerdns] [--pppd-log=<file>] [--pppd-plugin=<file>] [--pppd-ipparam=<string>] [--pppd-ifname=<string>] [--pppd-call=<name>] [--ppp-system=<string>] [--use-resolvconf=<bool>] [--persistent=<interval>] [-c <file>] [-v|-q] openfortivpn --help openfortivpn --version
openfortivpn connects to a VPN by setting up a tunnel to the gateway at <host>:<port>.
--help Show the help message and exit.
--version Show version and exit.
-c <file>, --config=<file> Specify a custom configuration file (default: /etc/openfortivpn/config).
-u <user>, --username=<user> VPN account username.