neulab/tldr huggingface dataset:
(no)8x8dct Adaptive spatial transform size: allows macroblocks to choose between 4x4 and 8x8 DCT.  Also allows the i8x8 macroblock type. Without this option, only 4x4 DCT is used.
me=<name> Select fullpixel motion estimation algorithm. dia  diamond search, radius 1 (fast) hex  hexagon search, radius 2 (default) umh  uneven multi-hexagon search (slow) esa  exhaustive search (very slow, and no better than umh)
me_range=<4-64> radius of exhaustive or multi-hexagon motion search (default: 16)
subq=<0-11> Adjust subpel refinement quality.  This parameter controls quality versus speed tradeoffs involved in the motion estimation decision process.  subq=5 can compress up to 10% better than subq=1. 0    Runs fullpixel precision motion estimation on all candidate macroblock types.  Then selects the best type with SAD metric (faster than subq=1, not recommended unless you're looking for ultra-fast encoding). 1    Does as 0, then refines the motion of that type to fast quarterpixel precision (fast). 2    Runs halfpixel precision motion estimation on all candidate macroblock types.  Then selects the best type with SATD metric.  Then refines the motion of that type to fast quarterpixel precision. 3    As 2, but uses a slower quarterpixel refinement. 4    Runs fast quarterpixel precision motion estimation on all candidate macroblock types.  Then selects the best type with SATD metric.  Then finishes the quarterpixel refinement for that type. 5    Runs best quality quarterpixel precision motion estimation on all candidate macroblock types, before selecting the best type.  Also refines the two motion vectors used in bidirectional macroblocks with SATD metric, rather than reusing vectors from the forward and backward searches. 6    Enables rate-distortion optimization of macroblock types in I- and P-frames. 7    Enables rate-distortion optimization of macroblock types in all frames (default). 8    Enables rate-distortion optimization of motion vectors and intra prediction modes in I- and P-frames. 9    Enables rate-distortion optimization of motion vectors and intra prediction modes in all frames. 10   QP-RD; requires trellis=2 and aq_mode=1 or higher (best). 11   Full RD; disable all early terminations. In the above, "all candidates" does not exactly mean all enabled types: 4x4, 4x8, 8x4 are tried only if 8x8 is better than 16x16.
(no)chroma_me Takes into account chroma information during subpixel motion search (default: enabled).  Requires subq>=5.
(no)mixed_refs Allows each 8x8 or 16x8 motion partition to independently select a reference frame.  Without this option, a whole macroblock must use the same reference.  Requires frameref>1.
trellis=<0-2> (cabac only) rate-distortion optimal quantization 0    disabled 1    enabled only for the final encode (default) 2    enabled during all mode decisions (slow, requires subq>=6)
psy-rd=rd[,trell] Sets the strength of the psychovisual optimization. rd=<0.0-10.0> psy optimization strength (requires subq>=6) (default: 1.0) trell=<0.0-10.0> trellis (requires trellis, experimental) (default: 0.0)
(no)psy Enable psychovisual optimizations that hurt PSNR and SSIM but ought to look better (default: enabled).
deadzone_inter=<0-32> Set the size of the inter luma quantization deadzone for non- trellis quantization (default: 21).  Lower values help to preserve fine details and film grain (typically useful for high bitrate/quality encode), while higher values help filter out these details to save bits that can be spent again on other macroblocks and frames (typically useful for bitrate-starved encodes).  It is recommended that you start by tweaking deadzone_intra before changing this parameter.
deadzone_intra=<0-32> Set the size of the intra luma quantization deadzone for non- trellis quantization (default: 11).  This option has the same effect as deadzone_inter except that it affects intra frames.  It is recommended that you start by tweaking this parameter before changing deadzone_inter.
(no)fast_pskip Performs early skip detection in P-frames (default: enabled). This usually improves speed at no cost, but it can sometimes produce artifacts in areas with no details, like sky.
(no)dct_decimate Eliminate dct blocks in P-frames containing only a small single coefficient (default: enabled).  This will remove some details, so it will save bits that can be spent again on other frames, hopefully raising overall subjective quality.  If you are compressing non-anime content with a high target bitrate, you may want to disable this to preserve as much detail as possible.
nr=<0-100000> Noise reduction, 0 means disabled.  100-1000 is a useful range for typical content, but you may want to turn it up a bit more for very noisy content (default: 0).  Given its small impact on speed, you might want to prefer to use this over filtering noise away with video filters like denoise3d or hqdn3d.
chroma_qp_offset=<-12-12> Use a different quantizer for chroma as compared to luma.  Useful values are in the range <-2-2> (default: 0).
aq_mode=<0-2> Defines how adaptive quantization (AQ) distributes bits: 0    disabled 1    Avoid moving bits between frames. 2    Move bits between frames (by default).
aq_strength=<positive float value> Controls how much adaptive quantization (AQ) reduces blocking and blurring in flat and textured areas (default: 1.0).  A value of 0.5 will lead to weak AQ and less details, when a value of 1.5 will lead to strong AQ and more details.
cqm=<flat|jvt|<filename>> Either uses a predefined custom quantization matrix or loads a JM format matrix file. flat Use the predefined flat 16 matrix (default). jvt Use the predefined JVT matrix. <filename> Use the provided JM format matrix file. NOTE: Windows CMD.EXE users may experience problems with parsing the command line if they attempt to use all the CQM lists.  This is due to a command line length limitation.  In this case it is recommended the lists be put into a JM format CQM file and loaded as specified above.
cqm4iy=<list> (also see cqm) Custom 4x4 intra luminance matrix, given as a list of 16 comma separated values in the 1-255 range.
cqm4ic=<list> (also see cqm) Custom 4x4 intra chrominance matrix, given as a list of 16 comma separated values in the 1-255 range.
cqm4py=<list> (also see cqm) Custom 4x4 inter luminance matrix, given as a list of 16 comma separated values in the 1-255 range.
cqm4pc=<list> (also see cqm) Custom 4x4 inter chrominance matrix, given as a list of 16 comma separated values in the 1-255 range.
cqm8iy=<list> (also see cqm) Custom 8x8 intra luminance matrix, given as a list of 64 comma separated values in the 1-255 range.
cqm8py=<list> (also see cqm) Custom 8x8 inter luminance matrix, given as a list of 64 comma separated values in the 1-255 range.
level_idc=<10-51> Set the bitstream's level as defined by annex A of the H.264 standard (default: 51 - level 5.1).  This is used for telling the decoder what capabilities it needs to support.  Use this parameter only if you know what it means, and you have a need to set it.
(no)cpu_independent Ensure exact reproducibility across different CPUs instead of chosing different algorithms when available/better (default:enabled).
threads=<0-16> Spawn threads to encode in parallel on multiple CPUs (default: 0). This has a slight penalty to compression quality.  0 or 'auto' tells x264 to detect how many CPUs you have and pick an appropriate number of threads.
(no)sliced_threads Use slice-based threading (default: disabled).  Unlike normal threading, this option adds no encoding latency, but is slightly slower and less effective at compression.
slice_max_size=<0 or positive integer> Maximum slice size in bytes (default: 0).  A value of zero disables the maximum.
slice_max_mbs=<0 or positive integer> Maximum slice size in number of macroblocks (default: 0).  A value of zero disables the maximum.
slices=<0 or positive integer> Maximum number of slices per frame (default: 0).  A value of zero disables the maximum.
sync_lookahead=<0-250> Adjusts the size of the threaded lookahead buffer (default: 0).  0 or 'auto' tells x264 to automatically determine buffer size.
(no)deterministic Use only deterministic optimizations with multithreaded encoding (default: enabled).
(no)global_header Causes SPS and PPS to appear only once, at the beginning of the bitstream (default: disabled).  Some players, such as the Sony PSP, require the use of this option.  The default behavior causes SPS and PPS to repeat prior to each IDR frame.
(no)tff Enable interlaced mode, top field first (default: disabled)
(no)bff Enable interlaced mode, bottom field first (default: disabled)
nal_hrd=<none|vbr|cbr> Signal HRD information (requires vbv_bufsize) (default: none).
(no)pic_struct Force pic_struct in Picture Timing SEI (default: disabled).
(no)constrained_intra Enable constrained intra prediction (default: disabled).  This significantly reduces compression, but is required for the base layer of SVC encodes.
output_csp=<i420|i422|i444|rgb> Specify output colorspace (default: i420).
(no)aud Write access unit delimeters to the stream (default: disabled). Enable this only if your target container format requires access unit delimiters.
overscan=<undef|show|crop> Include VUI overscan information in the stream (default: disabled).  See doc/vui.txt in the x264 source code for more information.
videoformat=<component|pal|ntsc|secam|mac|undef> Include VUI video format information in the stream (default: disabled).  This is a purely informative setting for describing the original source.  See doc/vui.txt in the x264 source code for more information.
(no)fullrange Include VUI full range information in the stream (default: disabled).  Use this option if your source video is not range limited.  See doc/vui.txt in the x264 source code for more information.
colorprim=<bt709|bt470m|bt470bg|smpte170m|smpte240m|film|undef> Include color primaries information (default: disabled).  This can be used for color correction.  See doc/vui.txt in the x264 source code for more information.
transfer=<bt709|bt470m|bt470bg|linear|log100|log316|smpte170m|smpte240m> Include VUI transfer characteristics information in the stream (default: disabled).  This can be used for color correction.  See doc/vui.txt in the x264 source code for more information.
colormatrix=<bt709|fcc|bt470bg|smpte170m|smpte240m|GBR|YCgCo> Include VUI matrix coefficients in the stream (default: disabled). This can be used for color correction.  See doc/vui.txt in the x264 source code for more information.
chromaloc=<0-5> Include VUI chroma sample location information in the stream (default: disabled).  Use this option to ensure alignment of the chroma and luma planes after color space conversions.  See doc/vui.txt in the x264 source code for more information.
log=<-1-3> Adjust the amount of logging info printed to the screen. -1   none 0   Print errors only. 1   warnings 2   PSNR and other analysis statistics when the encode finishes (default) 3   PSNR, QP, frametype, size, and other statistics for every frame
(no)psnr Print signal-to-noise ratio statistics. NOTE: The 'Y', 'U', 'V', and 'Avg' PSNR fields in the summary are not mathematically sound (they are simply the average of per-frame PSNRs).  They are kept only for comparison to the JM reference codec.  For all other purposes, please use either the 'Global' PSNR, or the per-frame PSNRs printed by log=3.
(no)ssim Print the Structural Similarity Metric results.  This is an alternative to PSNR, and may be better correlated with the perceived quality of the compressed video.
(no)visualize Enable x264 visualizations during encoding.  If the x264 on your system supports it, a new window will be opened during the encoding process, in which x264 will attempt to present an overview of how each frame gets encoded.  Each block type on the visualized movie will be colored as follows:
dump_yuv=<file name> Dump YUV frames to the specified file.  For debugging use. red/pink intra block blue inter block green skip block yellow B-block This feature can be considered experimental and subject to change. In particular, it depends on x264 being compiled with visualizations enabled.  Note that as of writing this, x264 pauses after encoding and visualizing each frame, waiting for the user to press a key, at which point the next frame will be encoded.
xvfw (-xvfwopts) Encoding with Video for Windows codecs is mostly obsolete unless you wish to encode to some obscure fringe codec.
codec=<name> The name of the binary codec file with which to encode.
compdata=<file> The name of the codec settings file (like firstpass.mcf) created by vfw2menc.
MPEG muxer (-mpegopts) The MPEG muxer can generate 5 types of streams, each of which has reasonable default parameters that the user can override.  Generally, when generating MPEG files, it is advisable to disable MEncoder's frame- skip code (see -noskip, -mc as well as the harddup and softskip video filters).
EXAMPLE: format=mpeg2:tsaf:vbitrate=8000
format=<mpeg1 | mpeg2 | xvcd | xsvcd | dvd | pes1 | pes2> stream format (default: mpeg2).  pes1 and pes2 are very broken formats (no pack header and no padding), but VDR uses them; do not choose them unless you know exactly what you are doing.
size=<up to 65535> Pack size in bytes, do not change unless you know exactly what you are doing (default: 2048).
muxrate=<int> Nominal muxrate in kbit/s used in the pack headers (default: 1800 kb/s).  Will be updated as necessary in the case of 'format=mpeg1' or 'mpeg2'.
tsaf Sets timestamps on all frames, if possible; recommended when format=dvd.  If dvdauthor complains with a message like "..audio sector out of range...", you probably did not enable this option.
interleaving2 Uses a better algorithm to interleave audio and video packets, based on the principle that the muxer will always try to fill the stream with the largest percentage of free space.
vdelay=<1-32760> Initial video delay time, in milliseconds (default: 0), use it if you want to delay video with respect to audio.  It doesn't work with :drop.
adelay=<1-32760> Initial audio delay time, in milliseconds (default: 0), use it if you want to delay audio with respect to video.
drop When used with vdelay the muxer drops the part of audio that was anticipated.
vwidth, vheight=<1-4095> Set the video width and height when video is MPEG-1/2.
vpswidth, vpsheight=<1-4095> Set pan and scan video width and height when video is MPEG-2.
vaspect=<1 | 4/3 | 16/9 | 221/100> Sets the display aspect ratio for MPEG-2 video.  Do not use it on MPEG-1 or the resulting aspect ratio will be completely wrong.
vbitrate=<int> Sets the video bitrate in kbit/s for MPEG-1/2 video.
vframerate=<24000/1001 | 24 | 25 | 30000/1001 | 30 | 50 | 60000/1001 | 60 > Sets the framerate for MPEG-1/2 video.  This option will be ignored if used with the telecine option.
telecine Enables 3:2 pulldown soft telecine mode: The muxer will make the video stream look like it was encoded at 30000/1001 fps.  It only works with MPEG-2 video when the output framerate is 24000/1001 fps, convert it with -ofps if necessary.  Any other framerate is incompatible with this option.
film2pal Enables FILM to PAL and NTSC to PAL soft telecine mode: The muxer will make the video stream look like it was encoded at 25 fps.  It only works with MPEG-2 video when the output framerate is 24000/1001 fps, convert it with -ofps if necessary.  Any other framerate is incompatible with this option.
tele_src and tele_dest Enables arbitrary telecining using Donand Graft's DGPulldown code. You need to specify the original and the desired framerate; the muxer will make the video stream look like it was encoded at the desired framerate.  It only works with MPEG-2 video when the input framerate is smaller than the output framerate and the framerate increase is <= 1.5.
EXAMPLE: tele_src=25,tele_dest=30000/1001 PAL to NTSC telecining
vbuf_size=<40-1194> Sets the size of the video decoder's buffer, expressed in kilobytes.  Specify it only if the bitrate of the video stream is too high for the chosen format and if you know perfectly well what you are doing.  A too high value may lead to an unplayable movie, depending on the player's capabilities.  When muxing HDTV video a value of 400 should suffice.
abuf_size=<4-64> Sets the size of the audio decoder's buffer, expressed in kilobytes.  The same principle as for vbuf_size applies.
FFmpeg libavformat demuxers (-lavfdopts) analyzeduration=<value> Maximum length in seconds to analyze the stream properties.
format=<value> Force a specific libavformat demuxer.
o=<key>=<value>[,<key>=<value>[,...]] Pass AVOptions to libavformat demuxer.  Note, a patch to make the o= unneeded and pass all unknown options through the AVOption system is welcome.  A full list of AVOptions can be found in the FFmpeg manual.  Note that some options may conflict with MPlayer/MEncoder options.
EXAMPLE: o=ignidx
probesize=<value> Maximum amount of data to probe during the detection phase.  In the case of MPEG-TS this value identifies the maximum number of TS packets to scan.
cryptokey=<hexstring> Encryption key the demuxer should use.  This is the raw binary data of the key converted to a hexadecimal string.
FFmpeg libavformat muxers (-lavfopts) (also see -of lavf) delay=<value> Currently only meaningful for MPEG[12]: Maximum allowed distance, in seconds, between the reference timer of the output stream (SCR) and the decoding timestamp (DTS) for any stream present (demux to decode delay).  Default is 0.7 (as mandated by the standards defined by MPEG).  Higher values require larger buffers and must not be used.
format=<container_format> Override which container format to mux into (default: autodetect from output file extension). mpg MPEG-1 systems and MPEG-2 PS asf Advanced Streaming Format avi Audio Video Interleave file wav Waveform Audio swf Macromedia Flash flv Macromedia Flash video files rm RealAudio and RealVideo au SUN AU format nut NUT open container format (experimental) mov QuickTime mp4 MPEG-4 format ipod MPEG-4 format with extra header flags required by Apple iPod firmware dv Sony Digital Video container matroska Matroska
muxrate=<rate> Nominal bitrate of the multiplex, in bits per second; currently it is meaningful only for MPEG[12].  Sometimes raising it is necessary in order to avoid "buffer underflows".
o=<key>=<value>[,<key>=<value>[,...]] Pass AVOptions to libavformat muxer.  Note, a patch to make the o= unneeded and pass all unknown options through the AVOption system is welcome.  A full list of AVOptions can be found in the FFmpeg manual.  Note that some options may conflict with MEncoder options.
EXAMPLE: o=packetsize=100
packetsize=<size> Size, expressed in bytes, of the unitary packet for the chosen format.  When muxing to MPEG[12] implementations the default values are: 2324 for [S]VCD, 2048 for all others formats.
preload=<distance> Currently only meaningful for MPEG[12]: Initial distance, in seconds, between the reference timer of the output stream (SCR) and the decoding timestamp (DTS) for any stream present (demux to decode delay).
There are a number of environment variables that can be used to control the behavior of MPlayer and MEncoder.
MPLAYER_CHARSET (also see -msgcharset) Convert console messages to the specified charset (default: autodetect).  A value of "noconv" means no conversion.
MPLAYER_HOME Directory where MPlayer looks for user settings.
MPLAYER_VERBOSE (also see -v and -msglevel) Set the initial verbosity level across all message modules (default: 0).  The resulting verbosity corresponds to that of -msglevel 5 plus the value of MPLAYER_VERBOSE.
libaf: LADSPA_PATH If LADSPA_PATH is set, it searches for the specified file.  If it is not set, you must supply a fully specified pathname.  FIXME: This is also mentioned in the ladspa section.
libdvdcss: DVDCSS_CACHE Specify a directory in which to store title key values.  This will speed up descrambling of DVDs which are in the cache.  The DVDCSS_CACHE directory is created if it does not exist, and a subdirectory is created named after the DVD's title or manufacturing date.  If DVDCSS_CACHE is not set or is empty, libdvdcss will use the default value which is "${HOME}/.dvdcss/" under Unix and "C:\Documents and Settings\$USER\Application Data\dvdcss\" under Win32.  The special value "off" disables caching.
DVDCSS_METHOD Sets the authentication and decryption method that libdvdcss will use to read scrambled discs.  Can be one of title, key or disc. key is the default method.  libdvdcss will use a set of calculated player keys to try and get the disc key.  This can fail if the drive does not recognize any of the player keys. disc is a fallback method when key has failed.  Instead of using player keys, libdvdcss will crack the disc key using a brute force algorithm.  This process is CPU intensive and requires 64 MB of memory to store temporary data. title is the fallback when all other methods have failed.  It does not rely on a key exchange with the DVD drive, but rather uses a crypto attack to guess the title key.  On rare cases this may fail because there is not enough encrypted data on the disc to perform a statistical attack, but in the other hand it is the only way to decrypt a DVD stored on a hard disc, or a DVD with the wrong region on an RPC2 drive.
DVDCSS_RAW_DEVICE Specify the raw device to use.  Exact usage will depend on your operating system, the Linux utility to set up raw devices is raw(8) for instance.  Please note that on most operating systems, using a raw device requires highly aligned buffers: Linux requires a 2048 bytes alignment (which is the size of a DVD sector).
DVDCSS_VERBOSE Sets the libdvdcss verbosity level. 0    Outputs no messages at all. 1    Outputs error messages to stderr. 2    Outputs error messages and debug messages to stderr.
DVDREAD_NOKEYS Skip retrieving all keys on startup.  Currently disabled.
HOME   FIXME: Document this.
libao2: AO_SUN_DISABLE_SAMPLE_TIMING FIXME: Document this.
AUDIODEV FIXME: Document this.
AUDIOSERVER Specifies the Network Audio System server to which the nas audio output driver should connect and the transport that should be used.  If unset DISPLAY is used instead.  The transport can be one of tcp and unix.  Syntax is tcp/<somehost>:<someport>, <somehost>:<instancenumber> or [unix]:<instancenumber>.  The NAS base port is 8000 and <instancenumber> is added to that.
EXAMPLES: AUDIOSERVER=somehost:0 Connect to NAS server on somehost using default port and transport. AUDIOSERVER=tcp/somehost:8000 Connect to NAS server on somehost listening on TCP port 8000. AUDIOSERVER=(unix)?:0 Connect to NAS server instance 0 on localhost using unix domain sockets.
DISPLAY FIXME: Document this.
vidix: VIDIX_CRT FIXME: Document this.
VIDIXIVTVALPHA Set this to 'disable' in order to stop the VIDIX driver from controlling alphablending settings.  You can then manipulate it yourself with 'ivtvfbctl'.
osdep: TERM   FIXME: Document this.
libvo: DISPLAY FIXME: Document this.
FRAMEBUFFER FIXME: Document this.
libmpdemux: HOME   FIXME: Document this.
HOMEPATH FIXME: Document this.
http_proxy FIXME: Document this.
LOGNAME FIXME: Document this.
USERPROFILE FIXME: Document this.
GUI: DISPLAY The name of the display to which the GUI should connect.
HOME   The home directory of the current user.
libavformat: AUDIO_FLIP_LEFT FIXME: Document this.
BKTR_DEV FIXME: Document this.
BKTR_FORMAT FIXME: Document this.
BKTR_FREQUENCY FIXME: Document this.
no_proxy FIXME: Document this.
/usr/local/etc/mplayer/mplayer.conf MPlayer system-wide settings
/usr/local/etc/mplayer/mencoder.conf MEncoder system-wide settings
~/.mplayer/config MPlayer user settings
~/.mplayer/mencoder.conf MEncoder user settings
~/.mplayer/input.conf input bindings (see '-input keylist' for the full list)
~/.mplayer/gui.conf GUI configuration file
~/.mplayer/gui.gain for audio files not containing ReplayGain data, add a line with replay gain and filename separated by a space character, e.g.
+1.50 /home/me/music/Song.mp3
~/.mplayer/gui.history GUI directory history
~/.mplayer/gui.pl GUI playlist
~/.mplayer/gui.url GUI URL list
~/.mplayer/font/ font directory (There must be a font.desc file and files with .RAW extension.)
~/.mplayer/DVDkeys/ cached CSS keys
Quickstart Blu-ray playing: mplayer br:////path/to/disc mplayer br:// -bluray-device /path/to/disc
Quickstart DVD playing: mplayer dvd://1
Play in Japanese with English subtitles: mplayer dvd://1 -alang ja -slang en
Play only chapters 5, 6, 7: mplayer dvd://1 -chapter 5-7
Play only titles 5, 6, 7: mplayer dvd://5-7
Play a multiangle DVD: mplayer dvd://1 -dvdangle 2
Play from a different DVD device: mplayer dvd://1 -dvd-device /dev/dvd2
Play DVD video from a directory with VOB files: mplayer dvd://1 -dvd-device /path/to/directory/
Copy a DVD title to hard disk, saving to file title1.vob : mplayer dvd://1 -dumpstream -dumpfile title1.vob
Play a DVD with dvdnav from path /dev/sr1: mplayer dvdnav:////dev/sr1
Stream from HTTP: mplayer http://mplayer.hq/example.avi
Stream using RTSP: mplayer rtsp://server.example.com/streamName
Convert subtitles to MPsub format: mplayer dummy.avi -sub source.sub -dumpmpsub
Convert subtitles to MPsub format without watching the movie: mplayer /dev/zero -rawvideo pal:fps=xx -demuxer rawvideo -vc null -vo null -noframedrop -benchmark -sub source.sub -dumpmpsub
input from standard V4L: mplayer tv:// -tv driver=v4l:width=640:height=480:outfmt=i420 -vc rawi420 -vo xv
Playback on Zoran cards (old style, deprecated): mplayer -vo zr -vf scale=352:288 file.avi
Playback on Zoran cards (new style): mplayer -vo zr2 -vf scale=352:288,zrmjpeg file.avi
Play DTS-CD with passthrough: mplayer -ac hwdts -rawaudio format=0x2001 -cdrom-device /dev/cdrom cdda:// You can also use -afm hwac3 instead of -ac hwdts.  Adjust '/dev/cdrom' to match the CD-ROM device on your system.  If your external receiver supports decoding raw DTS streams, you can directly play it via cdda:// without setting format, hwac3 or hwdts.
Play a 6-channel AAC file with only two speakers: mplayer -rawaudio format=0xff -demuxer rawaudio -af pan=2:.32:.32:.39:.06:.06:.39:.17:-.17:-.17:.17:.33:.33 adts_he-aac160_51.aac You might want to play a bit with the pan values (e.g multiply with a value) to increase volume or avoid clipping.
checkerboard invert with geq filter: mplayer -vf geq='128+(p(X\,Y)-128)*(0.5-gt(mod(X/SW\,128)\,64))*(0.5-gt(mod(Y/SH\,128)\,64))*4'
Encode DVD title #2, only selected chapters: mencoder dvd://2 -chapter 10-15 -o title2.avi -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4
Encode DVD title #2, resizing to 640x480: mencoder dvd://2 -vf scale=640:480 -o title2.avi -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4
Encode DVD title #2, resizing to 512xHHH (keep aspect ratio): mencoder dvd://2 -vf scale -zoom -xy 512 -o title2.avi -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4
The same, but with bitrate set to 1800kbit and optimized macroblocks: mencoder dvd://2 -o title2.avi -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:mbd=1:vbitrate=1800
The same, but with MJPEG compression: mencoder dvd://2 -o title2.avi -oac copy -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mjpeg:mbd=1:vbitrate=1800
Encode all *.jpg files in the current directory: mencoder "mf://*.jpg" -mf fps=25 -o output.avi -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4
Encode from a tuner (specify a format with -vf format): mencoder -tv driver=v4l:width=640:height=480 tv:// -o tv.avi -ovc raw
Encode from a pipe: rar p test-SVCD.rar | mencoder -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg4:vbitrate=800 -ofps 24 -
Don't panic.  If you find one, report it to us, but please make sure you have read all of the documentation first.  Also look out for smileys. :) Many bugs are the result of incorrect setup or parameter usage.  The bug reporting section of the documentation (http://www.mplayerhq.hu/DOCS/ HTML/en/bugreports.html) explains how to create useful bug reports.
MPlayer was initially written by Arpad Gereoffy.  See the AUTHORS file for a list of some of the many other contributors.
MPlayer is (C) 2000-2021 The MPlayer Team
This man page was written mainly by Gabucino, Jonas Jermann and Diego Biurrun.  It is maintained by Diego Biurrun.  Please send mails about it to the MPlayer-DOCS mailing list.  Translation specific mails belong on the MPlayer-translations mailing list.
X509(1)                              OpenSSL                             X509(1)
openssl-x509, x509 - Certificate display and signing utility
openssl x509 [-help] [-inform DER|PEM] [-outform DER|PEM] [-keyform DER|PEM|ENGINE] [-CAform DER|PEM] [-CAkeyform DER|PEM] [-in filename] [-out filename] [-serial] [-hash] [-subject_hash] [-issuer_hash] [-ocspid] [-subject] [-issuer] [-nameopt option] [-email] [-ocsp_uri] [-startdate] [-enddate] [-purpose] [-dates] [-checkend num] [-modulus] [-pubkey] [-fingerprint] [-alias] [-noout] [-trustout] [-clrtrust] [-clrreject] [-addtrust arg] [-addreject arg] [-setalias arg] [-days arg] [-set_serial n] [-signkey arg] [-passin arg] [-x509toreq] [-req] [-CA filename] [-CAkey filename] [-CAcreateserial] [-CAserial filename] [-force_pubkey key] [-text] [-ext extensions] [-certopt option] [-C] [-digest] [-clrext] [-extfile filename] [-extensions section] [-sigopt nm:v] [-rand file...]  [-writerand file] [-engine id] [-preserve_dates]
The x509 command is a multi purpose certificate utility. It can be used to display certificate information, convert certificates to various forms, sign certificate requests like a "mini CA" or edit certificate trust settings.
Since there are a large number of options they will split up into various sections.
Input, Output, and General Purpose Options -help Print out a usage message.
-inform DER|PEM This specifies the input format normally the command will expect an X509 certificate but this can change if other options such as -req are present. The DER format is the DER encoding of the certificate and PEM is the base64 encoding of the DER encoding with header and footer lines added. The default format is PEM.
-outform DER|PEM This specifies the output format, the options have the same meaning and default as the -inform option.
-in filename This specifies the input filename to read a certificate from or standard input if this option is not specified.
-digest The digest to use.  This affects any signing or display option that uses a message digest, such as the -fingerprint, -signkey and -CA options.  Any digest supported by the OpenSSL dgst command can be used.  If not specified then SHA1 is used with -fingerprint or the default digest for the signing algorithm is used, typically SHA256.
-rand file... A file or files containing random data used to seed the random number generator.  Multiple files can be specified separated by an OS- dependent character.  The separator is ; for MS-Windows, , for OpenVMS, and : for all others.
[-writerand file] Writes random data to the specified file upon exit.  This can be used with a subsequent -rand flag.
-engine id Specifying an engine (by its unique id string) will cause x509 to attempt to obtain a functional reference to the specified engine, thus initialising it if needed. The engine will then be set as the default for all available algorithms.
-preserve_dates When signing a certificate, preserve the "notBefore" and "notAfter" dates instead of adjusting them to current time and duration. Cannot be used with the -days option.
Display Options Note: the -alias and -purpose options are also display options but are described in the TRUST SETTINGS section.
-text Prints out the certificate in text form. Full details are output including the public key, signature algorithms, issuer and subject names, serial number any extensions present and any trust settings.
-ext extensions Prints out the certificate extensions in text form. Extensions are specified with a comma separated string, e.g., "subjectAltName,subjectKeyIdentifier".  See the x509v3_config(5) manual page for the extension names.
-certopt option Customise the output format used with -text. The option argument can be a single option or multiple options separated by commas. The -certopt switch may be also be used more than once to set multiple options. See the TEXT OPTIONS section for more information.
-noout This option prevents output of the encoded version of the certificate.
-pubkey Outputs the certificate's SubjectPublicKeyInfo block in PEM format.
-modulus This option prints out the value of the modulus of the public key contained in the certificate.
-serial Outputs the certificate serial number.
-subject_hash Outputs the "hash" of the certificate subject name. This is used in OpenSSL to form an index to allow certificates in a directory to be looked up by subject name.
-issuer_hash Outputs the "hash" of the certificate issuer name.
-ocspid Outputs the OCSP hash values for the subject name and public key.
-hash Synonym for "-subject_hash" for backward compatibility reasons.
-subject_hash_old Outputs the "hash" of the certificate subject name using the older algorithm as used by OpenSSL before version 1.0.0.
-issuer_hash_old Outputs the "hash" of the certificate issuer name using the older algorithm as used by OpenSSL before version 1.0.0.
-subject Outputs the subject name.
-issuer Outputs the issuer name.
-nameopt option Option which determines how the subject or issuer names are displayed. The option argument can be a single option or multiple options separated by commas.  Alternatively the -nameopt switch may be used more than once to set multiple options. See the NAME OPTIONS section for more information.
-email Outputs the email address(es) if any.
-ocsp_uri Outputs the OCSP responder address(es) if any.
-startdate Prints out the start date of the certificate, that is the notBefore date.
-enddate Prints out the expiry date of the certificate, that is the notAfter date.
-dates Prints out the start and expiry dates of a certificate.
-checkend arg Checks if the certificate expires within the next arg seconds and exits nonzero if yes it will expire or zero if not.
-fingerprint Calculates and outputs the digest of the DER encoded version of the entire certificate (see digest options).  This is commonly called a "fingerprint". Because of the nature of message digests, the fingerprint of a certificate is unique to that certificate and two certificates with the same fingerprint can be considered to be the same.
-C  This outputs the certificate in the form of a C source file.
Trust Settings A trusted certificate is an ordinary certificate which has several additional pieces of information attached to it such as the permitted and prohibited uses of the certificate and an "alias".
Normally when a certificate is being verified at least one certificate must be "trusted". By default a trusted certificate must be stored locally and must be a root CA: any certificate chain ending in this CA is then usable for any purpose.
Trust settings currently are only used with a root CA. They allow a finer control over the purposes the root CA can be used for. For example a CA may be trusted for SSL client but not SSL server use.
See the description of the verify utility for more information on the meaning of trust settings.
Future versions of OpenSSL will recognize trust settings on any certificate: not just root CAs.
-trustout This causes x509 to output a trusted certificate. An ordinary or trusted certificate can be input but by default an ordinary certificate is output and any trust settings are discarded. With the -trustout option a trusted certificate is output. A trusted certificate is automatically output if any trust settings are modified.
-setalias arg Sets the alias of the certificate. This will allow the certificate to be referred to using a nickname for example "Steve's Certificate".
-alias Outputs the certificate alias, if any.
-clrtrust Clears all the permitted or trusted uses of the certificate.
-clrreject Clears all the prohibited or rejected uses of the certificate.
-addtrust arg Adds a trusted certificate use.  Any object name can be used here but currently only clientAuth (SSL client use), serverAuth (SSL server use), emailProtection (S/MIME email) and anyExtendedKeyUsage are used.  As of OpenSSL 1.1.0, the last of these blocks all purposes when rejected or enables all purposes when trusted.  Other OpenSSL applications may define additional uses.
-addreject arg Adds a prohibited use. It accepts the same values as the -addtrust option.
-purpose This option performs tests on the certificate extensions and outputs the results. For a more complete description see the CERTIFICATE EXTENSIONS section.
Signing Options The x509 utility can be used to sign certificates and requests: it can thus behave like a "mini CA".
-signkey arg This option causes the input file to be self signed using the supplied private key or engine. The private key's format is specified with the -keyform option.
If the input file is a certificate it sets the issuer name to the subject name (i.e.  makes it self signed) changes the public key to the supplied value and changes the start and end dates. The start date is set to the current time and the end date is set to a value determined by the -days option. Any certificate extensions are retained unless the -clrext option is supplied; this includes, for example, any existing key identifier extensions.
If the input is a certificate request then a self signed certificate is created using the supplied private key using the subject name in the request.
-sigopt nm:v Pass options to the signature algorithm during sign or verify operations.  Names and values of these options are algorithm- specific.
-passin arg The key password source. For more information about the format of arg see "Pass Phrase Options" in openssl(1).
-clrext Delete any extensions from a certificate. This option is used when a certificate is being created from another certificate (for example with the -signkey or the -CA options). Normally all extensions are retained.
-keyform PEM|DER|ENGINE Specifies the format (DER or PEM) of the private key file used in the -signkey option.
-days arg Specifies the number of days to make a certificate valid for. The default is 30 days. Cannot be used with the -preserve_dates option.
-x509toreq Converts a certificate into a certificate request. The -signkey option is used to pass the required private key.
-req By default a certificate is expected on input. With this option a certificate request is expected instead.
-set_serial n Specifies the serial number to use. This option can be used with either the -signkey or -CA options. If used in conjunction with the -CA option the serial number file (as specified by the -CAserial or -CAcreateserial options) is not used.
The serial number can be decimal or hex (if preceded by 0x).
-CA filename Specifies the CA certificate to be used for signing. When this option is present x509 behaves like a "mini CA". The input file is signed by this CA using this option: that is its issuer name is set to the subject name of the CA and it is digitally signed using the CAs private key.
This option is normally combined with the -req option. Without the -req option the input is a certificate which must be self signed.
-CAkey filename Sets the CA private key to sign a certificate with. If this option is not specified then it is assumed that the CA private key is present in the CA certificate file.
-CAserial filename Sets the CA serial number file to use.
When the -CA option is used to sign a certificate it uses a serial number specified in a file. This file consists of one line containing an even number of hex digits with the serial number to use. After each use the serial number is incremented and written out to the file again.
The default filename consists of the CA certificate file base name with ".srl" appended. For example if the CA certificate file is called "mycacert.pem" it expects to find a serial number file called "mycacert.srl".
-CAcreateserial With this option the CA serial number file is created if it does not exist: it will contain the serial number "02" and the certificate being signed will have the 1 as its serial number. If the -CA option is specified and the serial number file does not exist a random number is generated; this is the recommended practice.
-extfile filename File containing certificate extensions to use. If not specified then no extensions are added to the certificate.
-extensions section The section to add certificate extensions from. If this option is not specified then the extensions should either be contained in the unnamed (default) section or the default section should contain a variable called "extensions" which contains the section to use. See the x509v3_config(5) manual page for details of the extension section format.
-force_pubkey key When a certificate is created set its public key to key instead of the key in the certificate or certificate request. This option is useful for creating certificates where the algorithm can't normally sign requests, for example DH.
The format or key can be specified using the -keyform option.
Name Options The nameopt command line switch determines how the subject and issuer names are displayed. If no nameopt switch is present the default "oneline" format is used which is compatible with previous versions of OpenSSL.  Each option is described in detail below, all options can be preceded by a - to turn the option off. Only the first four will normally be used.
compat Use the old format.
RFC2253 Displays names compatible with RFC2253 equivalent to esc_2253, esc_ctrl, esc_msb, utf8, dump_nostr, dump_unknown, dump_der, sep_comma_plus, dn_rev and sname.
oneline A oneline format which is more readable than RFC2253. It is equivalent to specifying the  esc_2253, esc_ctrl, esc_msb, utf8, dump_nostr, dump_der, use_quote, sep_comma_plus_space, space_eq and sname options.  This is the default of no name options are given explicitly.
multiline A multiline format. It is equivalent esc_ctrl, esc_msb, sep_multiline, space_eq, lname and align.
esc_2253 Escape the "special" characters required by RFC2253 in a field. That is ,+"<>;. Additionally # is escaped at the beginning of a string and a space character at the beginning or end of a string.
esc_2254 Escape the "special" characters required by RFC2254 in a field. That is the NUL character as well as and ()*.
esc_ctrl Escape control characters. That is those with ASCII values less than 0x20 (space) and the delete (0x7f) character. They are escaped using the RFC2253 \XX notation (where XX are two hex digits representing the character value).
esc_msb Escape characters with the MSB set, that is with ASCII values larger than 127.
use_quote Escapes some characters by surrounding the whole string with " characters, without the option all escaping is done with the \ character.
utf8 Convert all strings to UTF8 format first. This is required by RFC2253. If you are lucky enough to have a UTF8 compatible terminal then the use of this option (and not setting esc_msb) may result in the correct display of multibyte (international) characters. Is this option is not present then multibyte characters larger than 0xff will be represented using the format \UXXXX for 16 bits and \WXXXXXXXX for 32 bits.  Also if this option is off any UTF8Strings will be converted to their character form first.
ignore_type This option does not attempt to interpret multibyte characters in any way. That is their content octets are merely dumped as though one octet represents each character. This is useful for diagnostic purposes but will result in rather odd looking output.
show_type Show the type of the ASN1 character string. The type precedes the field contents. For example "BMPSTRING: Hello World".
dump_der When this option is set any fields that need to be hexdumped will be dumped using the DER encoding of the field. Otherwise just the content octets will be displayed. Both options use the RFC2253 #XXXX... format.
dump_nostr Dump non character string types (for example OCTET STRING) if this option is not set then non character string types will be displayed as though each content octet represents a single character.
dump_all Dump all fields. This option when used with dump_der allows the DER encoding of the structure to be unambiguously determined.
dump_unknown Dump any field whose OID is not recognised by OpenSSL.
sep_comma_plus, sep_comma_plus_space, sep_semi_plus_space, sep_multiline These options determine the field separators. The first character is between RDNs and the second between multiple AVAs (multiple AVAs are very rare and their use is discouraged). The options ending in "space" additionally place a space after the separator to make it more readable. The sep_multiline uses a linefeed character for the RDN separator and a spaced + for the AVA separator. It also indents the fields by four characters. If no field separator is specified then sep_comma_plus_space is used by default.
dn_rev Reverse the fields of the DN. This is required by RFC2253. As a side effect this also reverses the order of multiple AVAs but this is permissible.
nofname, sname, lname, oid These options alter how the field name is displayed. nofname does not display the field at all. sname uses the "short name" form (CN for commonName for example). lname uses the long form.  oid represents the OID in numerical form and is useful for diagnostic purpose.
align Align field values for a more readable output. Only usable with sep_multiline.
space_eq Places spaces round the = character which follows the field name.
Text Options As well as customising the name output format, it is also possible to customise the actual fields printed using the certopt options when the text option is present. The default behaviour is to print all fields.
compatible Use the old format. This is equivalent to specifying no output options at all.
no_header Don't print header information: that is the lines saying "Certificate" and "Data".
no_version Don't print out the version number.
no_serial Don't print out the serial number.
no_signame Don't print out the signature algorithm used.
no_validity Don't print the validity, that is the notBefore and notAfter fields.
no_subject Don't print out the subject name.
no_issuer Don't print out the issuer name.
no_pubkey Don't print out the public key.
no_sigdump Don't give a hexadecimal dump of the certificate signature.
no_aux Don't print out certificate trust information.
no_extensions Don't print out any X509V3 extensions.
ext_default Retain default extension behaviour: attempt to print out unsupported certificate extensions.
ext_error Print an error message for unsupported certificate extensions.
ext_parse ASN1 parse unsupported extensions.
ext_dump Hex dump unsupported extensions.
ca_default The value used by the ca utility, equivalent to no_issuer, no_pubkey, no_header, and no_version.
Note: in these examples the '\' means the example should be all on one line.
Display the contents of a certificate:
openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -text
Display the "Subject Alternative Name" extension of a certificate:
openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -ext subjectAltName
Display more extensions of a certificate:
openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -ext subjectAltName,nsCertType
Display the certificate serial number:
openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -serial
Display the certificate subject name:
openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -subject
Display the certificate subject name in RFC2253 form:
openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -subject -nameopt RFC2253
Display the certificate subject name in oneline form on a terminal supporting UTF8:
openssl x509 -in cert.pem -noout -subject -nameopt oneline,-esc_msb
Display the certificate SHA1 fingerprint:
openssl x509 -sha1 -in cert.pem -noout -fingerprint
Convert a certificate from PEM to DER format:
openssl x509 -in cert.pem -inform PEM -out cert.der -outform DER
Convert a certificate to a certificate request:
openssl x509 -x509toreq -in cert.pem -out req.pem -signkey key.pem
Convert a certificate request into a self signed certificate using extensions for a CA:
openssl x509 -req -in careq.pem -extfile openssl.cnf -extensions v3_ca \ -signkey key.pem -out cacert.pem
Sign a certificate request using the CA certificate above and add user certificate extensions:
openssl x509 -req -in req.pem -extfile openssl.cnf -extensions v3_usr \ -CA cacert.pem -CAkey key.pem -CAcreateserial
Set a certificate to be trusted for SSL client use and change set its alias to "Steve's Class 1 CA"
openssl x509 -in cert.pem -addtrust clientAuth \ -setalias "Steve's Class 1 CA" -out trust.pem
The PEM format uses the header and footer lines:
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- -----END CERTIFICATE-----
it will also handle files containing:
-----BEGIN X509 CERTIFICATE----- -----END X509 CERTIFICATE-----
Trusted certificates have the lines
-----BEGIN TRUSTED CERTIFICATE----- -----END TRUSTED CERTIFICATE-----