neulab/tldr huggingface dataset:
SAMEFILE    Suppress warnings about links that have been skipped on extraction because source and target of the link are pointing to the same file.  If mkisofs would not skip these files, it would end up with removing the file completely.  In this case, mkisofs tries to match the link name against the pattern in the error control file.
BADACL      Suppress warnings access control list conversion problems.
SETACL      Suppress warnings about files on that mkisofs could not set the ACL information during extraction.
SETXATTR    Suppress warnings about files on that mkisofs could not set the extended file attribute information during extraction.
If a specific error condition is ignored, then the error condition is not only handled in a silent way but also excluded from the error statistics that are printed at the end of the mkisofs run.
Be very careful when using error control as you may ignore any error condition.  If you ignore the wrong error conditions, you may not be able to see real problems anymore.
Note that currently only the tags OPEN, READ, GROW, SHRINK, are checked from mkisofs.
-B img_sun4,img_sun4c,img_sun4m,img_sun4d,img_sun4e
-sparc-boot img_sun4,img_sun4c,img_sun4m,img_sun4d,img_sun4e Specifies a comma separated list of boot images that are needed to make a bootable CD for sparc systems.  Partition 0 is used for the ISO-9660 image, the first image file is mapped to partition 1. There may be empty fields in the comma separated list.  The maximum number of possible partitions is 8 so it is impossible to specify more than 7 partition images.  This option is required to make a bootable CD for Sun sparc systems.  If the -B or -sparc-boot option has been specified, the first sector of the resulting image will contain a Sun disk label. This disk label specifies slice 0 for the ISO-9660 image and slice 1 ... slice 7 for the boot images that have been specified with this option. Byte offset 512 ... 8191 within each of the additional boot images must contain a primary boot that works for the appropriate sparc architecture. The rest of each of the images usually contains an ufs filesystem that is used primary kernel boot stage.
The implemented boot method is the boot method found with SunOS 4.x and SunOS 5.x.  However, it does not depend on SunOS internals but only on properties of the Open Boot prom. For this reason, it should be usable for any OS that boots off a sparc system.
For more information also see the NOTES section below.
If the special filename ...  is used, the actual and all following boot partitions are mapped to the previous partition. If mkisofs is called with -G image -B ...  all boot partitions are mapped to the partition that contains the ISO-9660 filesystem image and the generic boot image that is located in the first 16 sectors of the disk is used for all architectures.
-G generic_boot_image Specifies the path and filename of the generic boot image to be used when making a generic bootable CD.  The generic_boot_image will be placed on the first 16 sectors of the CD. The first 16 sectors are the sectors that are located before the ISO-9660 primary volume descriptor.  If this option is used together with the -sparc-boot option, the Sun disk label will overlay the first 512 bytes of the generic boot image.
-hard-disk-boot Specifies that the boot image used to create "El Torito" bootable CDs is a hard disk image. The hard disk image must begin with a master boot record that contains a single partition.
-ignore-error Ignore errors.  mkisofs by default aborts on several errors, such as read errors. With this option in effect, mkisofs tries to continue.  Use with care.
-no-emul-boot Specifies that the boot image used to create "El Torito" bootable CDs is a 'no emulation' image. The system will load and execute this image without performing any disk emulation.
-no-boot Specifies that the created "El Torito" CD should be marked as not bootable. The system will provide an emulated drive for the image, but will boot off a standard boot device.
-boot-load-seg segment_address Specifies the load segment address of the boot image for no- emulation "El Torito" CDs.
-boot-load-size load_sectors Specifies the number of "virtual" (512-byte) sectors to load in no-emulation mode.  The default is to load the entire boot file. Some BIOSes may have problems if this is not a multiple of 4.
-boot-info-table Specifies that a 56-byte table with information of the CD-ROM layout will be patched in at offset 8 in the boot file.  If this option is given, the boot file is modified in the source filesystem, so make sure to make a copy if this file cannot be easily regenerated!  See the EL TORITO BOOT INFO TABLE section for a description of this table.
-C last_sess_start,next_sess_start
-cdrecord-params last_sess_start,next_sess_start This option is needed when mkisofs is used to create a CDextra or the image of a second session or a higher level session for a multi session disk.  The option -C takes a pair of two numbers separated by a comma. The first number is the sector number of the first sector in the last session of the disk that should be appended to.  The second number is the starting sector number of the new session.  The expected pair of numbers may be retrieved by calling cdrecord -msinfo ...  If the -C option is used in conjunction with the -M option, mkisofs will create a filesystem image that is intended to be a continuation of the previous session.  If the -C option is used without the -M option, mkisofs will create a filesystem image that is intended to be used for a second session on a CDextra. This is a multi session CD that holds audio data in the first session and a ISO-9660 filesystem in the second session.
-c boot_catalog
-eltorito-catalog boot_catalog Specifies the path and filename of the boot catalog to be used when making an "El Torito" bootable CD. The pathname must be relative to the source path specified to mkisofs.  This option is required to make a bootable CD.  This file will be inserted into the output tree and not created in the source filesystem, so be sure the specified filename does not conflict with an existing file, as it will be excluded. Usually a name like "boot.catalog" is chosen.
If the -sort option has not been specified, the boot catalog sorted with low priority (+1) to the beginning of the medium.  If you don't like this, you need to specify a sort weight of 0 for the boot catalog.
-check-oldnames Check all filenames imported from old session for compliance with actual mkisofs ISO-9660 file naming rules.  It his option is not present, only names with a length > 31 are checked as these files are a hard violation of the ISO-9660 standard.
-check-session FILE Check all old sessions for compliance with actual mkisofs ISO-9660 file naming rules.  This is a high level option that is a combination of the options: -M FILE -C 0,0 -check-oldnames For the parameter FILE see description of -M option.
-copyright FILE Specifies the Copyright file name in the primary volume descriptor.  There is space on the disc for 37 characters of information.  The related Joliet entry is limited to 18 characters.  This parameter can also be set in the file .mkisofsrc with COPY=filename.  If specified in both places, the command line version is used.
-omit-period Omit trailing period from files that do not have a period. This violates the ISO-9660 standard, but it happens to work on many systems.  Use with caution.
-disable-deep-relocation Do not use Rock Ridge deep directory relocation, and instead just pack directories in the way they are in the master directory tree.
This option was needed with old mkisofs versions to avoid a visible directory rr_moved.  Since August 2006, mkisofs correctly hides the rr_moved directory from the Rock Ridge filesystem.
If ISO-9660:1999 has not been selected, this violates the ISO-9660 standard, but it happens to work on many systems.  Use with caution.
-data-change-warn If the size of a file changes while the file is being archived, treat this condition as a warning only that does not cause mkisofs to abort.  A warning message is still written if the condition is not otherwise ignored by another rule from an errctl= option.  The -data-change-warn option works as if the last error control option was
errctl="WARN|GROW|SHRINK *"
-debug Increment debug value by one.
-dir-mode mode Overrides the mode of directories used to create the image to mode.  See -new-dir-mode on how to specify a different mode that is used for directories that do not exist in the tree specified by the source-path.  Specifying the -dir-mode option automatically enables Rock Ridge extensions.
-dvd-audio Generate DVD-Audio compliant UDF file system. This is done by sorting the order of the content of the appropriate files. Sorting only works if the DVD-Audio filenames include upper case characters only.
Note that in order to get a DVD-Audio compliant filesystem image, you need to prepare a DVD-Audio compliant directory tree. This means you need to have a directory AUDIO_TS (all caps) in the root directory of the resulting DVD and you should have a directory VIDEO_TS. The directory AUDIO_TS needs to include all needed files (file names must be all caps) for a compliant DVD-Audio filesystem.
-dvd-hybrid Equivalent to selecting both -dvd-audio and -dvd-video
-dvd-video Generate DVD-Video compliant UDF file system. This is done by sorting the order of the content of the appropriate files and by adding padding between the files if needed.  Sorting only works if the DVD-Video filenames include upper case characters only.
Note that in order to get a DVD-Video compliant filesystem image, you need to prepare a DVD-Video compliant directory tree. This means you need to have a directory VIDEO_TS (all caps) in the root directory of the resulting DVD and you should have a directory AUDIO_TS. The directory VIDEO_TS needs to include all needed files (file names must be all caps) for a compliant DVD-Video filesystem.
-follow-links Follow all symbolic links when generating the filesystem.  When this option is not in use, symbolic links will be entered using Rock Ridge if enabled, otherwise the file will be ignored.
See also -posix-L option.
-file-mode mode Overrides the mode of regular files used to create the image to mode.  Specifying this option automatically enables Rock Ridge extensions.
-find  This option acts a separator.  If it is used, all mkisofs options must be to the left of the -find option. To the right of the -find option, mkisofs accepts the find command line syntax only.
The find expression acts as a filter between the source of file names and the consumer, which is archiving engine.  If the find expression evaluated as TRUE, then the related file is selected for processing, otherwise it is omited.
In order to make the evaluation of the find expression more convenient, mkisofs implements additional find primaries that have side effects on the file meta data.  Mkisofs implements the following additional find primaries:
-help  Lists the available find(1) syntax.
-chgrp gname The primary always evaluates as true; it sets the group of the file to gname.
-chmod mode The primary always evaluates as true; it sets the permissions of the file to mode.  Octal and symbolic permissions are accepted for mode as with chmod(1).
-chown uname The primary always evaluates as true; it sets the owner of the file to uname.
-false The primary always evaluates as false; it allows to make the result of the full expression different from the result of a part of the expression.
-true  The primary always evaluates as true; it allows to make the result of the full expression different from the result of a part of the expression.
The command line:
mkisofs -o o.iso -find . ( -type d -ls -o false ) -o ! -type d
lists all directories and puts all non-directories to the image o.iso.
mkisofs -o o.iso -find . ( -type d -chown root -o true )
archives all directories so they appear to be owned by root in the archive, all non-directories are archived as they are in the file system.
Note that the -ls, -exec and the -ok primary cannot be used if stdin or stdout has not been redirected.
-gid gid Overrides the gid read from the source files to the value of gid. Specifying this option automatically enables Rock Ridge extensions.
-gui   Switch the behaviour for a GUI. This currently makes the output more verbose but may have other effects in future.
-graft-points Allow to use graft points for filenames. If this option is used, all filenames are checked for graft points. The filename is divided at the first unescaped equal sign. All occurrences of '\\' and '=' characters must be escaped with '\\' if -graft-points has been specified.
-hide glob Hide glob from being seen on the ISO-9660 or Rock Ridge directory. glob is a shell wild-card-style pattern that must match any part of the filename or path.  Multiple globs may be hidden.  If glob matches a directory, then the contents of that directory will be hidden.  In order to match a directory name, make sure the pathname does not include a trailing '/' character.  All the hidden files will still be written to the output CD image file. Should be used with the -hide-joliet option. See README.hide for more details.
-hide-list file A file containing a list of globs to be hidden as above.
-hidden glob Add the hidden (existence) ISO-9660 directory attribute for glob. This attribute will prevent glob from being listed on DOS based systems if the /A flag is not used for the listing.  glob is a shell wild-card-style pattern that must match any part of the filename or path.  In order to match a directory name, make sure the pathname does not include a trailing '/' character.  Multiple globs may be hidden.
-hidden-list file A file containing a list of globs to get the hidden attribute as above.
-hide-joliet glob Hide glob from being seen on the Joliet directory.  glob is a shell wild-card-style pattern that must match any part of the filename or path.  Multiple globs may be hidden.  If glob matches a directory, then the contents of that directory will be hidden. In order to match a directory name, make sure the pathname does not include a trailing '/' character.  All the hidden files will still be written to the output CD image file.  Should be used with the -hide option. See README.hide for more details.
-hide-joliet-list file A file containing a list of globs to be hidden as above.
-hide-joliet-trans-tbl Hide the TRANS.TBL files from the Joliet tree.  These files usually don't make sense in the Joliet World as they list the real name and the ISO-9660 name which may both be different from the Joliet name.
-hide-rr-moved Rename the directory RR_MOVED to .rr_moved in the Rock Ridge tree. This option has been introduced when mkisofs was not able to hide the directory in the Rock Ridge tree.  This version of mkisofs always automatically hides the RR_MOVED directory in the Rock Ridge tree.  If you need to have no RR_MOVED directory at all (even in the ISO-9660 tree), you should use the -D option. Note that in case that the -D option has been specified, the resulting filesystem is not ISO-9660 level-1 compliant and will not be readable on MS-DOS.  See also NOTES section for more information on the RR_MOVED directory.
-hide-udf glob Hide glob from being seen on the UDF directory.  glob is a shell wild-card-style pattern that must match any part of the filename or path.  Multiple globs may be hidden.  If glob matches a directory, then the contents of that directory will be hidden.  In order to match a directory name, make sure the pathname does not include a trailing '/' character.  All the hidden files will still be written to the output CD image file.  Should be used with the -hide option. See README.hide for more details.
-hide-udf-list file A file containing a list of globs to be hidden as above.
-hide-ignorecase -exclude-ignorecase Ignore the case of the filenames with the -hide* options and with the -exclude-list option.
-input-charset charset Set up the input charset that defines the characters used in local file names.  To get a list of valid charset names, call mkisofs -input-charset help.  To get a 1:1 mapping, you may use default as charset name. If the input charset has not been set up from the locale in the environment, the default initial values are cp437 on DOS based systems and iso8859-1 on all other systems.  See CHARACTER SETS section below for more details.
If -input-charset has not been specified, it will be set up from the locale in the environment. If you like to disable this automatic setup, use the empty string as locale name.
-output-charset charset Set up the output charset that defines the characters that will be used in Rock Ridge file names. Defaults to the input charset. See CHARACTER SETS section below for more details.
-iso-level level Set the ISO-9660 conformance level. Valid numbers are 1..3 and 4.
With level 1, files may only consist of one section and filenames are restricted to 8.3 characters.
With level 2, files may only consist of one section.
With level 3, no restrictions (other than ISO-9660:1988) do apply. Starting with this level, mkisofs also allows files to be larger than 4 GB by implementing ISO-9660 multi-extent files.
With all ISO-9660 levels from 1..3, all filenames are restricted to upper case letters, numbers and the underscore (_). The maximum filename length is restricted to 31 characters, the directory nesting level is restricted to 8 and the maximum path length is limited to 255 characters.
Level 4 officially does not exists but mkisofs maps it to ISO-9660:1999 which is ISO-9660 version 2.
With level 4, an enhanced volume descriptor with version number and file structure version number set to 2 is emitted.  There may be more than 8 levels of directory nesting, there is no need for a file to contain a dot and the dot has no more special meaning, file names do not have version numbers, the maximum length for files and directory is raised to 207.  If Rock Ridge is used, the maximum ISO-9660 name length is reduced to 197.
When creating Version 2 images, mkisofs emits an enhanced volume descriptor which looks similar to a primary volume descriptor but is slightly different. Be careful not to use broken software to make ISO-9660 images bootable by assuming a second PVD copy and patching this putative PVD copy into an El Torito VD.
-J     Generate Joliet directory records in addition to regular ISO-9660 file names.  This is primarily useful when the discs are to be used on Windows-NT or Windows-95 machines.  The Joliet filenames are specified in Unicode and each path component can be up to 64 Unicode characters long.  Note that Joliet is no standard - CD's that use only Joliet extensions but no standard Rock Ridge extensions may usually only be used on Microsoft Win32 systems. Furthermore, the fact that the filenames are limited to 64 characters and the fact that Joliet uses the UTF-16 coding for Unicode characters causes interoperability problems.
-joliet-long Allow Joliet filenames to be up to 103 Unicode characters. This breaks the Joliet specification - but appears to work. Use with caution. The number 103 is derived from: the maximum Directory Record Length (254), minus the length of Directory Record (33), minus CD-ROM XA System Use Extension Information (14), divided by the UTF-16 character size (2).
-jcharset charset Same as using -input-charset charset and -J options. See CHARACTER SETS section below for more details.
-full-iso9660-filenames Allow full 31 character filenames.  Normally the ISO-9660 filename will be in an 8.3 format which is compatible with MS-DOS, even though the ISO-9660 standard allows filenames of up to 31 characters.  If you use this option, the disc may be difficult to use on a MS-DOS system, but this comes in handy on some other systems (such as the Amiga).  Use with caution.
-L     Outdated option reserved by POSIX.1-2001, use -allow-leading-dots instead.  This option will get POSIX.1-2001 semantics with mkisofs-3.02.
-log-file log_file Redirect all error, warning and informational messages to log_file instead of the standard error.
-long-rr-time Use the long ISO-9660 time format for the file time stamps used in Rock Ridge.  This time format allows to represent year 0 .. year 9999 with a granularity of 10ms.
The short ISO-9660 time format only allows to represent year 1900 .. year 2155 with a granularity of 1s.
-m glob Exclude glob from being written to CDROM.  glob is a shell wild- card-style pattern that must match part of the filename (not the path as with option -x).  Technically glob is matched against the d->d_name part of the directory entry.  Multiple globs may be excluded.  Example:
mkisofs -o rom -m '*.o' -m core -m foobar
would exclude all files ending in ".o", called "core" or "foobar" to be copied to CDROM. Note that if you had a directory called "foobar" it too (and of course all its descendants) would be excluded.
NOTE: The -m and -x option description should both be updated, they are wrong.  Both now work identical and use filename globbing. A file is excluded if either the last component matches or the whole path matches.
-exclude-list file A file containing a list of globs to be excluded as above.
-max-iso9660-filenames Allow 37 chars in ISO-9660 filenames.  This option forces the -N option as the extra name space is taken from the space reserved for ISO-9660 version numbers. This violates the ISO-9660 standard, but it happens to work on many systems.  Although a conforming application needs to provide a buffer space of at least 37 characters, disks created with this option may cause a buffer overflow in the reading operating system. Use with extreme care.
-M path or
-M device or
-dev device Specifies path to existing ISO-9660 image to be merged. The alternate form takes a SCSI device specifier that uses the same syntax as the dev= parameter of cdrecord.  The output of mkisofs will be a new session which should get written to the end of the image specified in -M.  Typically this requires multi-session capability for the recorder and cdrom drive that you are attempting to write this image to.  This option may only be used in conjunction with the -C option.
-modification-date date-spec Set the modification date in the primary volume descriptor (PVD) to a value different from the current time.  This allows e.g. to set up an intentional UUID for grub.
The format of date-spec is:
yyyy[mm[dd[hh[mm[ss]]]]][.hh][+-ghgm]
The fields are year, month, day of month, hour, minute, second, hundreds of a second, GMT offset in hours and minutes.  The time is interpreted as local time.
Year and the GMT offset are four digit fields, all other fields take two digits.  The GMT offset may be between -12 and +13 hours in 15 minute steps. Locations east to Greenwich have positive values. The value is the sum of the time zone offset and the effects from daylight saving time.  Omited values are replaced by the minimal possible values.  If the GMT offset is omited, it is computed from the local time value that has been supplied.
Between year and month as well as between month and day of month, a separator chosen from '/' and '-' may appear. In this case, the year may be a two digit number with values 69..99 representing 1969..1999 and values 00..68 representing 2000..2068.  Between date and time spec, an optional space is permitted. Between hours and minutes as well as between minutes and seconds, an optional ':' separator is permitted.  This allows mkisofs to parse the popular POSIX date format created by:
date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z"
Note that the possible range for date-spec for 32 bit programs is limited to values up to 2038 Jan 19 04:14:07 GMT.
-omit-version-number Omit version numbers from ISO-9660 file names. This violates the ISO-9660 standard, but no one really uses the version numbers anyway.  Use with caution.
-new-dir-mode mode Mode to use when creating new directories in the iso fs image. The default mode in the absence of a -dir-mode option is 0555.
-nobak
-no-bak Do not include backup files files on the ISO-9660 filesystem.  If the -no-bak option is specified, files that contain the characters '~' or '#' or end in '.bak' will not be included (these are typically backup files for editors under UNIX).
-no-limit-pathtables A ISO-9660 filesystem contains path tables that contain a list of directories.  This list may contain many directories but only 65535 of them may be parent directories.  When -no-limit-pathtables is in use, further parent directories will be folded to the root directory and the resulting filesystem will no longer be usable on DOS.
-no-long-rr-time Use the short ISO-9660 time format for the file time stamps used in Rock Ridge.  This time format allows to represent year 1990 .. year 2155 with a granularity of one second.
-force-rr Do not use the automatic Rock Ridge attributes recognition for previous sessions.  This helps to show rotten ISO-9660 extension records as e.g. created by NERO burning ROM.
-no-rr Do not use the Rock Ridge attributes from previous sessions.  This may help to avoid getting into trouble when mkisofs finds illegal Rock Ridge signatures on an old session.
-no-split-symlink-components Don't split the SL components, but begin a new Continuation Area (CE) instead. This may waste some space, but the SunOS 4.1.4 cdrom driver has a bug in reading split SL components (link_size = component_size instead of link_size += component_size).
Note that this option has been introduced by Eric Youngdale in 1997.  It is questionable whether it makes sense at all.  When it has been introduced, mkisofs did have a serious bug that did create defective CE signatures if a symlink contained `/../'. This CE signature bug in mkisofs has been fixed in May 2003.
-no-split-symlink-fields Don't split the SL fields, but begin a new Continuation Area (CE) instead. This may waste some space, but the SunOS 4.1.4 and Solaris 2.5.1 cdrom driver have a bug in reading split SL fields (a `/' can be dropped).
-o filename is the name of the file to which the ISO-9660 filesystem image should be written.  This can be a disk file, a tape drive, or it can correspond directly to the device name of the optical disc writer.  If not specified, stdout is used.  Note that the output can also be a block special device for a regular disk drive, in which case the disk partition can be mounted and examined to ensure that the premastering was done correctly.
-pad   Pad the end of the whole image by 150 sectors (300 kB).  If the option -B is used, then there is a padding at the end of the ISO-9660 partition and before the beginning of the boot partitions.  The size of this padding is chosen to make the first boot partition start on a sector number that is a multiple of 16.
The padding is needed as many operating systems (e.g. Linux) implement read ahead bugs in their filesystem I/O. These bugs result in read errors on one or more files that are located at the end of a track. They are usually present when the CD is written in Track at Once mode or when the disk is written as mixed mode CD where an audio track follows the data track.
To avoid problems with I/O error on the last file on the filesystem, the -pad option has been made the default.
-no-pad Do not Pad the end by 150 sectors (300 kB) and do not make the the boot partitions start on a multiple of 16 sectors.
-path-list file A file containing a list of pathspec directories and filenames to be added to the ISO-9660 filesystem. This list of pathspecs are processed after any that appear on the command line. If the argument is -, then the list is read from the standard input.
-P     Outdated option reserved by POSIX.1-2001, use -publisher instead. This option will get POSIX.1-2001 semantics with mkisofs-3.02.
-publisher publisher_id Specifies a text string that will be written into the volume header.  This should describe the publisher of the CDROM, usually with a mailing address and phone number.  There is space on the disc for 128 characters of information.  The related Joliet entry is limited to 64 characters.  This parameter can also be set in the file .mkisofsrc with PUBL=.  If specified in both places, the command line version is used.
-p preparer_id
-preparer preparer_id Specifies a text string that will be written into the volume header.  This should describe the preparer of the CDROM, usually with a mailing address and phone number.  There is space on the disc for 128 characters of information.  The related Joliet entry is limited to 64 characters.  This parameter can also be set in the file .mkisofsrc with PREP=.  If specified in both places, the command line version is used.
-posix-H Follow all symbolic links encountered on command line when generating the filesystem.
-posix-L Follow all symbolic links when generating the filesystem.  When this option is not in use, symbolic links will be entered using Rock Ridge if enabled, otherwise the file will be ignored.
-posix-P Do not follow symbolic links when generating the filesystem (this is the default).  If -posix-P is specified after -posix-H or -posix-L, the effect of these options will be reset.
-print-size Print estimated filesystem size in multiples of the sector size (2048 bytes) and exit. This option is needed for Disk At Once mode and with some CD-R drives when piping directly into cdrecord.  In this case it is needed to know the size of the filesystem before the actual CD-creation is done.  The option -print-size allows to get this size from a "dry-run" before the CD is actually written. Old versions of mkisofs did write this information (among other information) to stderr.  As this turns out to be hard to parse, the number without any other information is now printed on stdout too.  If you like to write a simple shell script, redirect stderr and catch the number from stdout.  This may be done with:
cdblocks=` mkisofs -print-size -quiet ... `
mkisofs ... | cdrecord ... tsize=${cdblocks}s -
-quiet This makes mkisofs even less verbose.  No progress output will be provided.
-rock  Generate SUSP and RR records using the Rock Ridge protocol to further describe the files on the ISO-9660 filesystem.  The Rock Ridge protocol is needed in order to add POSIX like file meta data like permissions, extended time stamps, user/group is'd, link counts, inode numbers and symbolic links. The Rock Ridge protocol allows to archive hierarchy trees with unlimited depth.
-rational-rock This is like the -R option, but file ownership and modes are set to more useful values.  The uid and gid are set to zero, because they are usually only useful on the author's system, and not useful to the client.  All the file read bits are set true, so that files and directories are globally readable on the client. If any execute bit is set for a file, set all of the execute bits, so that executables are globally executable on the client.  If any search bit is set for a directory, set all of the search bits, so that directories are globally searchable on the client.  All write bits are cleared, because the CD-Rom will be mounted read-only in any case.  If any of the special mode bits are set, clear them, because file locks are not useful on a read-only file system, and set-id bits are not desirable for uid 0 or gid 0.  When used on Win32, the execute bit is set on all files. This is a result of the lack of file permissions on Win32 and the Cygwin POSIX emulation layer.  See also -uid -gid, -dir-mode, -file-mode and -new-dir-mode.
-relaxed-filenames The option -relaxed-filenames allows ISO-9660 filenames to include digits, upper case characters and all other 7 bit ASCII characters (resp. anything except lowercase characters). This violates the ISO-9660 standard, but it happens to work on many systems.  Use with caution.
-root dir Moves all files and directories into dir in the image. This is essentially the same as using -graft-points and adding dir in front of every pathspec, but is easier to use.
dir may actually be several levels deep. It is created with the same permissions as other graft points.
-rrip110 Create ISO-9660 file system images that follow the old Rrip Version-1.10 standard from 1993. This option may be needed if you know of systems that do not implement the Rrip protocol correctly and like the file system to be read by such a system.  Currently no such system is known.
If a file system has been created with -rrip110, the Rock Ridge attributes do not include inode number information.
-rrip112 Create ISO-9660 file system images that follow the new Rrip Version-1.12 standard from 1994, this is the default.
-old-root dir This option is necessary when writing a multisession image and the previous (or even older) session was written with -root dir. Using a directory name not found in the previous session causes mkisofs to abort with an error.
Without this option, mkisofs would not be able to find unmodified files and would be forced to write their data into the image once more.
-root and -old-root are meant to be used together to do incremental backups.  The initial session would e.g. use: mkisofs -root backup_1 dirs.  The next incremental backup with mkisofs -root backup_2 -old-root backup_1 dirs.  would take another snapshot of these directories. The first snapshot would be found in backup_1, the second one in backup_2, but only modified or new files need to be written into the second session.
Without these options, new files would be added and old ones would be preserved. But old ones would be overwritten if the file was modified. Recovering the files by copying the whole directory back from CD would also restore files that were deleted intentionally. Accessing several older versions of a file requires support by the operating system to choose which sessions are to be mounted.
-short-rr-time Use the short ISO-9660 time format for the file time stamps used in Rock Ridge.  This time format allows to represent year 1990 .. year 2155 with a granularity of one second.
-s sector type
-sectype sector type Set the sector type to be used for the output file with the ISO-9660 filesystem.  The sector type may be one of:
data   This is the default. It results in standard CD-ROM data sectors with 2048 bytes per sector.
xa1    This sets the sector type to CD-ROM XA mode 1 with 2056 bytes per sector.  This sector type is the official sector type for multi-session CDs, it should be used together with the -XA option of mkisofs.  It is required to write Kodak Photo CDs and Kodak Picture CDs.  Use the -xa1 option from cdrecord to tell cdrecord to write CD-ROM XA mode 1 sectors.  Do not use for DVD or BluRay media.
raw    This sets the sector type to raw audio sectors with 2352 bytes per sector.  This is reserved for future enhancements.  Do not use for DVD or BluRay media.
-sort sort file Sort file locations on the media. Sorting is controlled by a file that contains pairs of filenames and sorting offset weighting.  If the weighting is higher, the file will be located closer to the beginning of the media, if the weighting is lower, the file will be located closer to the end of the media. There must be only one space or tabs character between the filename and the weight and the weight must be the last characters on a line. The filename is taken to include all the characters up to, but not including the last space or tab character on a line. This is to allow for space characters to be in, or at the end of a filename.  This option does not sort the order of the file names that appear in the ISO-9660 directory. It sorts the order in which the file data is written to the CD image - which may be useful in order to optimize the data layout on a CD. See README.sort for more details.
-isort sort file Similiar to -sort but the case if the filenames in the sort file is ignored.
-sparc-boot img_sun4,img_sun4c,img_sun4m,img_sun4d,img_sun4e See -B option above.
-sparc-label label Set the Sun disk label name for the Sun disk label that is created with the -sparc-boot option.
-split-output Split the output image into several files of approximately 1 GB. This helps to create DVD sized ISO-9660 images on operating systems without large file support.  Cdrecord will concatenate more than one file into a single track if writing to a DVD.  To make -split-output work, the -o filename option must be specified. The resulting output images will be named: filename_00,filename_01,filename_02...
-stream-media-size # Select streaming operation and set the media size to # sectors. This allows you to pipe the output of the tar program into mkisofs and to create a ISO-9660 filesystem without the need of an intermediate tar archive file.  If this option has been specified, mkisofs reads from stdin and creates a file with the name STREAM.IMG.  The maximum size of the file (with padding) is 200 sectors less than the specified media size. If -no-pad has been specified, the file size is 50 sectors less than the specified media size.  If the file is smaller, then mkisofs will write padding. This may take a while.
The option -stream-media-size creates simple ISO-9660 filesystems only and may not used together with multi-session or hybrid filesystem options.
-stream-file-name name Set the file name used with -stream-media-size # to a value different from STREAM.IMG.  If this option is used, the filesystem is created as if -iso-level 4 has been specified.
-sunx86-boot UFS-img,,,AUX1-img Specifies a comma separated list of filesystem images that are needed to make a bootable CD for Solaris x86 systems.
Note that partition 1 is used for the ISO-9660 image and that partition 2 is the whole disk, so partition 1 and 2 may not be used by external partition data.  The first image file is mapped to partition 0.  There may be empty fields in the comma separated list, and list entries for partition 1 and 2 must be empty.  The maximum number of supported partitions is 8 (although the Solaris x86 partition table could support up to 16 partitions), so it is impossible to specify more than 6 partition images.  This option is required to make a bootable CD for Solaris x86 systems.
If the -sunx86-boot option has been specified, the first sector of the resulting image will contain a PC fdisk label with a Solaris type 0x82 fdisk partition that starts at offset 512 and spans the whole CD.  In addition, for the Solaris type 0x82 fdisk partition, there is a SVr4 disk label at offset 1024 in the first sector of the CD.  This disk label specifies slice 0 for the first (usually UFS type) filesystem image that is used to boot the PC and slice 1 for the ISO-9660 image.  Slice 2 spans the whole CD slice 3 ... slice 7 may be used for additional filesystem images that have been specified with this option.
A Solaris x86 boot CD uses a 1024 byte sized primary boot that uses the El-Torito no-emulation boot mode and a secondary generic boot that is in CD sectors 1..15.  For this reason, both -b bootimage -no-emul-boot and -G genboot must be specified.
-sunx86-label label Set the SVr4 disk label name for the SVr4 disk label that is created with the -sunx86-boot option.
-sysid ID Specifies the system ID.  There is space on the disc for 32 characters of information.  This parameter can also be set in the file .mkisofsrc with SYSI=system_id.  If specified in both places, the command line version is used.
-translation-table Generate a file TRANS.TBL in each directory on the CDROM, which can be used on non-Rock Ridge capable systems to help establish the correct file names.  There is also information present in the file that indicates the major and minor numbers for block and character devices, and each symlink has the name of the link file given.
-table-name TABLE_NAME Alternative translation table file name (see above). Implies the -T option.  If you are creating a multi-session image you must use the same name as in the previous session.
-ucs-level level Set Unicode conformance level in the Joliet SVD. The default level is 3.  It may be set to 1..3 using this option.
-UDF   Include a UDF hybrid in the generated filesystem image.  As mkisofs always creates a ISO-9660 filesystem, it is not possible to create UDF only images.  Note that UDF wastes the space from sector ~20 to sector 256 at the beginning of the disk in addition to the space needed for real UDF data structures.
-udf   Rationalized UDF with user and group set to 0 and with simplified permissions.  See -r option for more information.
-udf-symlinks Support symlinks in UDF filesystems. This is the default.
-no-udf-symlinks Do not support symlinks in UDF filesystems.
-uid uid Overrides the uid read from the source files to the value of uid. Specifying this option automatically enables Rock Ridge extensions.
-use-fileversion The option -use-fileversion allows mkisofs to use file version numbers from the filesystem.  If the option is not specified, mkisofs creates a version number of 1 for all files.  File versions are strings in the range ;1 to ;32767 This option is the default on VMS.
-untranslated-filenames Allows "Untranslated" filenames, completely violating the ISO-9660 standards described above. Forces on the -d, -l, -N, -allow-leading-dots, -relaxed-filenames, -allow-lowercase, -allow-multidot and -no-iso-translate flags. It allows more than one '.' character in the filename, as well as mixed case filenames.  This is useful on HP-UX system, where the built-in CDFS filesystem does not recognize ANY extensions. Use with extreme caution.
-no-iso-translate Do not translate the characters '#' and '~' which are invalid for ISO-9660 filenames.  These characters are though invalid often used by Microsoft systems. This violates the ISO-9660 standard, but it happens to work on many systems.  Use with caution.
-V volid Specifies the volume ID (volume name or label) to be written into the master block.  There is space on the disc for 32 characters of information.  This parameter can also be set in the file .mkisofsrc with VOLI=id.  If specified in both places, the command line version is used.  Note that if you assign a volume ID, this is the name that will be used as the mount point used by the Solaris volume management system and the name that is assigned to the disc on a Microsoft Win32 or Apple Mac platform.
-volset ID Specifies the volset ID.  There is space on the disc for 128 characters of information.  The related Joliet entry is limited to 64 characters.  This parameter can also be set in the file .mkisofsrc with VOLS=volset_id.  If specified in both places, the command line version is used.
-volset-size # Sets the volume set size to #.  The volume set size is the number of CD's that are in a CD volume set.  A volume set is a collection of one or more volumes, on which a set of files is recorded.
Volume Sets are not intended to be used to create a set numbered CD's that are part of e.g. a Operation System installation set of CD's.  Volume Sets are rather used to record a big directory tree that would not fit on a single volume.  Each volume of a Volume Set contains a description of all the directories and files that are recorded on the volumes where the sequence numbers are less than, or equal to, the assigned Volume Set Size of the current volume.
Mkisofs currently does not support a -volset-size that is larger than 1.
The option -volset-size must be specified before -volset-seqno on each command line.
-volset-seqno # Sets the volume set sequence number to #.  The volume set sequence number is the index number of the current CD in a CD set.  The option -volset-size must be specified before -volset-seqno on each command line.
-verbose Verbose execution. If given twice on the command line, extra debug information will be printed.
-x path Exclude path from being written to CDROM.  path must be the complete pathname that results from concatenating the pathname given as command line argument and the path relative to this directory.  Multiple paths may be excluded.  Example:
mkisofs -o cd -x /local/dir1 -x /local/dir2 /local
-XA    Generate XA iso-directory attributes with original owner and mode information.  This option is required to create conforming multi session CDs as used by the Kodak Photo CD and the Kodak Picture CD.  A conforming XA CD uses CD-ROM XA mode 1 sectors, see the -sector xa2 option for more information.
-xa    Generate XA iso-directory attributes with rationalized owner and mode information.  User ID and group ID are set to 0.  See -XA for more information.
-z     Generate special RRIP records for transparently compressed files. This is only of use and interest for hosts that support transparent decompression, such as Linux 2.4.14 or later.  You must specify the -R or -r options to enable RockRidge, and generate compressed files using the mkzftree utility before running mkisofs.  Note that transparent compression is a nonstandard Rock Ridge extension.  The resulting disks are only transparently readable if used on Linux.  On other operating systems you will need to call mkzftree by hand to decompress the files.
-hfs   Create an ISO-9660/HFS hybrid CD. This option should be used in conjunction with the -map, -magic and/or the various double dash options given below.
-no-hfs Do not create an ISO-9660/HFS hybrid CD even though other options may imply to do so.
-apple Create an ISO-9660 CD with Apple's extensions. Similar to the -hfs option, except that the Apple Extensions to ISO-9660 are added instead of creating an HFS hybrid volume.  Former mkisofs versions did include Rock Ridge attributes by default if -apple was specified. This versions of mkisofs does not do this anymore. If you like to have Rock Ridge attributes, you need to specify this separately.
-map mapping_file Use the mapping_file to set the CREATOR and TYPE information for a file based on the filename's extension. A filename is mapped only if it is not one of the know Apple/Unix file formats. See the HFS CREATOR/TYPE section below.
-magic magic_file The CREATOR and TYPE information is set by using a file's magic number (usually the first few bytes of a file). The magic_file is only used if a file is not one of the known Apple/Unix file formats, or the filename extension has not been mapped using the -map option. See the HFS CREATOR/TYPE section below for more details.
-hfs-creator CREATOR Set the default CREATOR for all files. Must be exactly 4 characters. See the HFS CREATOR/TYPE section below for more details.
-hfs-type TYPE Set the default TYPE for all files. Must be exactly 4 characters. See the HFS CREATOR/TYPE section below for more details.
-probe Search the contents of files for all the known Apple/Unix file formats.  See the HFS MACINTOSH FILE FORMATS section below for more about these formats.  However, the only way to check for MacBinary and AppleSingle files is to open and read them. Therefore this option may increase processing time. It is better to use one or more double dash options given below if the Apple/Unix formats in use are known.
-no-desktop Do not create (empty) Desktop files. New HFS Desktop files will be created when the CD is used on a Macintosh (and stored in the System Folder).  By default, empty Desktop files are added to the HFS volume.
-mac-name Use the HFS filename as the starting point for the ISO-9660, Joliet and Rock Ridge file names. See the HFS MACINTOSH FILE NAMES section below for more information.
-boot-hfs-file driver_file Installs the driver_file that may make the CD bootable on a Macintosh. See the HFS BOOT DRIVER section below. (Alpha).
-part  Generate an HFS partition table. By default, no partition table is generated, but some older Macintosh CDROM drivers need an HFS partition table on the CDROM to be able to recognize a hybrid CDROM.
-auto AutoStart_file Make the HFS CD use the QuickTime 2.0 Autostart feature to launch an application or document. The given filename must be the name of a document or application located at the top level of the CD. The filename must be less than 12 characters. (Alpha).
-cluster-size size Set the size in bytes of the cluster or allocation units of PC Exchange files. Implies the --exchange option. See the HFS MACINTOSH FILE FORMATS section below.
-hide-hfs glob Hide glob from the HFS volume. The file or directory will still exist in the ISO-9660 and/or Joliet directory.  glob is a shell wild-card-style pattern that must match any part of the filename Multiple globs may be excluded.  Example:
mkisofs -o rom -hfs -hide-hfs '*.o' -hide-hfs foobar
would exclude all files ending in ".o" or called "foobar" from the HFS volume. Note that if you had a directory called "foobar" it too (and of course all its descendants) would be excluded.  The glob can also be a path name relative to the source directories given on the command line. Example:
mkisofs -o rom -hfs -hide-hfs src/html src