neulab/tldr huggingface dataset:
If no HTS_PATH variable is defined, the built-in list of directories specified when HTSlib was built is used, which typically includes /usr/local/libexec/htslib and similar directories.
REF_PATH A colon separated (semi-colon on Windows) list of locations in which to look for sequences identified by their MD5sums.  This can be either a list of directories or URLs. Note that if a URL is included then the colon in http:// and ftp:// and the optional port number will be treated as part of the URL and not a PATH field separator.  For URLs, the text %s will be replaced by the MD5sum being read.
If no REF_PATH has been specified it will default to http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/cram/md5/%s and if REF_CACHE is also unset, it will be set to $XDG_CACHE_HOME/hts-ref/%2s/%2s/%s.  If $XDG_CACHE_HOME is unset, $HOME/.cache (or a local system temporary directory if no home directory is found) will be used similarly.
REF_CACHE This can be defined to a single location housing a local cache of references.  Upon downloading a reference it will be stored in the location pointed to by REF_CACHE.  REF_CACHE will be searched before attempting to load via the REF_PATH search list.  If no REF_PATH is defined, both REF_PATH and REF_CACHE will be automatically set (see above), but if REF_PATH is defined and REF_CACHE not then no local cache is used.
To avoid many files being stored in the same directory, REF_CACHE may be defined as a pattern using %nums to consume num characters of the MD5sum and %s to consume all remaining characters.  If REF_CACHE lacks %s then it will get an implicit /%s appended.
To aid population of the REF_CACHE directory a script misc/seq_cache_populate.pl is provided in the Samtools distribution. This takes a fasta file or a directory of fasta files and generates the MD5sum named files.
For example if you use seq_cache_populate -subdirs 2 -root /local/ref_cache to create 2 nested subdirectories (the default), each consuming 2 characters of the MD5sum, then REF_CACHE must be set to /local/ref_cache/%2s/%2s/%s.
o Import SAM to BAM when @SQ lines are present in the header:
samtools view -b aln.sam > aln.bam
If @SQ lines are absent:
samtools faidx ref.fa samtools view -bt ref.fa.fai aln.sam > aln.bam
where ref.fa.fai is generated automatically by the faidx command.
o Convert a BAM file to a CRAM file using a local reference sequence.
samtools view -C -T ref.fa aln.bam > aln.cram
o Unaligned words used in bam_endian.h, bam.c and bam_aux.c.
Heng Li from the Sanger Institute wrote the original C version of samtools.  Bob Handsaker from the Broad Institute implemented the BGZF library.  Petr Danecek and Heng Li wrote the VCF/BCF implementation. James Bonfield from the Sanger Institute developed the CRAM implementation.  Other large code contributions have been made by John Marshall, Rob Davies, Martin Pollard, Andrew Whitwham, Valeriu Ohan (all while primarily at the Sanger Institute), with numerous other smaller but valuable contributions.  See the per-command manual pages for further authorship.
samtools-addreplacerg(1), samtools-ampliconclip(1), samtools- ampliconstats(1), samtools-bedcov(1), samtools-calmd(1), samtools-cat(1), samtools-collate(1), samtools-coverage(1), samtools-depad(1), samtools- depth(1), samtools-dict(1), samtools-faidx(1), samtools-fasta(1), samtools-fastq(1), samtools-fixmate(1), samtools-flags(1), samtools- flagstat(1), samtools-fqidx(1), samtools-idxstats(1), samtools-import(1), samtools-index(1), samtools-markdup(1), samtools-merge(1), samtools- mpileup(1), samtools-phase(1), samtools-quickcheck(1), samtools- reheader(1), samtools-rmdup(1), samtools-sort(1), samtools-split(1), samtools-stats(1), samtools-targetcut(1), samtools-tview(1), samtools- view(1), bcftools(1), sam(5), tabix(1)
Samtools website: <http://www.htslib.org/> File format specification of SAM/BAM,CRAM,VCF/BCF: <http://samtools.github.io/hts-specs> Samtools latest source: <https://github.com/samtools/samtools> HTSlib latest source: <https://github.com/samtools/htslib> Bcftools website: <http://samtools.github.io/bcftools>
OPENSSL-DGST(1)                      OpenSSL                     OPENSSL-DGST(1)
openssl-dgst - perform digest operations
openssl dgst|digest [-digest] [-help] [-c] [-d] [-debug] [-list] [-hex] [-binary] [-xoflen length] [-r] [-out filename] [-sign filename|uri] [-keyform DER|PEM|P12|ENGINE] [-passin arg] [-verify filename] [-prverify filename] [-signature filename] [-sigopt nm:v] [-hmac key] [-mac alg] [-macopt nm:v] [-fips-fingerprint] [-engine id] [-engine_impl id] [-rand files] [-writerand file] [-provider name] [-provider-path path] [-propquery propq] [file ...]
This command output the message digest of a supplied file or files in hexadecimal, and also generates and verifies digital signatures using message digests.
The generic name, openssl dgst, may be used with an option specifying the algorithm to be used.  The default digest is sha256.  A supported digest name may also be used as the sub-command name.  To see the list of supported algorithms, use "openssl list -digest-commands"
-digest Specifies name of a supported digest to be used. To see the list of supported digests, use the command "list --digest-commands".
-c  Print out the digest in two digit groups separated by colons, only relevant if the -hex option is given as well.
-d, -debug Print out BIO debugging information.
-list Prints out a list of supported message digests.
-hex Digest is to be output as a hex dump. This is the default case for a "normal" digest as opposed to a digital signature.  See NOTES below for digital signatures using -hex.
-binary Output the digest or signature in binary form.
-xoflen length Set the output length for XOF algorithms, such as shake128.
-r  Output the digest in the "coreutils" format, including newlines. Used by programs like sha1sum(1).
-out filename Filename to output to, or standard output by default.
-sign filename|uri Digitally sign the digest using the given private key. Note this option does not support Ed25519 or Ed448 private keys. Use the openssl-pkeyutl(1) command instead for this.
-keyform DER|PEM|P12|ENGINE The format of the key to sign with; the default is PEM.  The only value with effect is ENGINE; all others have become obsolete.  See openssl-format-options(1) for details.
-passin arg The private key password source. For more information about the format of arg see openssl-passphrase-options(1).
-verify filename Verify the signature using the public key in "filename".  The output is either "Verified OK" or "Verification Failure".
-prverify filename Verify the signature using the private key in "filename".
-signature filename The actual signature to verify.
-hmac key Create a hashed MAC using "key".
The openssl-mac(1) command should be preferred to using this command line option.
-mac alg Create MAC (keyed Message Authentication Code). The most popular MAC algorithm is HMAC (hash-based MAC), but there are other MAC algorithms which are not based on hash, for instance gost-mac algorithm, supported by the gost engine. MAC keys and other options should be set via -macopt parameter.
-macopt nm:v Passes options to MAC algorithm, specified by -mac key.  Following options are supported by both by HMAC and gost-mac:
key:string Specifies MAC key as alphanumeric string (use if key contain printable characters only). String length must conform to any restrictions of the MAC algorithm for example exactly 32 chars for gost-mac.
hexkey:string Specifies MAC key in hexadecimal form (two hex digits per byte). Key length must conform to any restrictions of the MAC algorithm for example exactly 32 chars for gost-mac.
-fips-fingerprint Compute HMAC using a specific key for certain OpenSSL-FIPS operations.
The engine is not used for digests unless the -engine_impl option is used or it is configured to do so, see "Engine Configuration Module" in config(5).
-engine_impl id When used with the -engine option, it specifies to also use engine id for digest operations.
file ... File or files to digest. If no files are specified then standard input is used.
To create a hex-encoded message digest of a file: openssl dgst -md5 -hex file.txt
To sign a file using SHA-256 with binary file output: openssl dgst -sha256 -sign privatekey.pem -out signature.sign file.txt
To verify a signature: openssl dgst -sha256 -verify publickey.pem \ -signature signature.sign \ file.txt
The digest mechanisms that are available will depend on the options used when building OpenSSL.  The "openssl list -digest-commands" command can be used to list them.
New or agile applications should use probably use SHA-256. Other digests, particularly SHA-1 and MD5, are still widely used for interoperating with existing formats and protocols.
When signing a file, this command will automatically determine the algorithm (RSA, ECC, etc) to use for signing based on the private key's ASN.1 info.  When verifying signatures, it only handles the RSA, DSA, or ECDSA signature itself, not the related data to identify the signer and algorithm used in formats such as x.509, CMS, and S/MIME.
A source of random numbers is required for certain signing algorithms, in particular ECDSA and DSA.
The signing and verify options should only be used if a single file is being signed or verified.
Hex signatures cannot be verified using openssl.  Instead, use "xxd -r" or similar program to transform the hex signature into a binary signature prior to verification.
The openssl-mac(1) command is preferred over the -hmac, -mac and -macopt command line options.
openssl-mac(1)
The default digest was changed from MD5 to SHA256 in OpenSSL 1.1.0.  The FIPS-related options were removed in OpenSSL 1.1.0.
All -keyform values except ENGINE have become obsolete in OpenSSL 3.0.0 and have no effect.
The -engine and -engine_impl options were deprecated in OpenSSL 3.0.
anbox(1)                     General Commands Manual                    anbox(1)
anbox - run Android in a box
anbox [command options] [arguments...]
system-info Print various information about the system we're running on
check-features Check that the host system supports all necessary features
session-manager Run the the anbox session manager
container-manager Start the container manager service
launch Launch an Activity by sending an intent
help   prints a short help message
version print the version of the daemon
wait-ready Wait until the Android system has successfully booted
Anbox is a container-based approach to boot a full Android system on a regular GNU/Linux system like Ubuntu. In other words: Anbox will let you run Android on your Linux system without the slowness of virtualization.
To launch an Android application from command line:
anbox launch --package=org.anbox.appmgr --component=org.anbox.appmgr.AppViewActivity
/usr/share/doc/anbox/README.Debian
This manual page was written by Shengjing Zhu <zhsj@debian.org>, for the Debian GNU/Linux system (but may be used by others).
CMUS(1)                      General Commands Manual                     CMUS(1)
cmus - C* Music Player
cmus [options]
cmus is a lightweight ncurses music player. It supports various output methods by using dynamically-loaded output plugins. cmus has configurable keybindings and can be controlled externally using cmus-remote(1).
--listen ADDR Listen on ADDR (UNIX socket) instead of $CMUS_SOCKET or $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/cmus-socket. ADDR must be a UNIX socket or host[:port].
WARNING: Using host[:port] is insecure even with a password! It may be on a LAN if you want multiple users to able to control cmus. Never expose cmus to the internet.
NOTE: Don't use this option to run multiple instances as same user. Doing so would corrupt the track metadata cache.
--passwd PASSWD Set the password for TCP/IP connections. Required if listening on host[:port]. Used in conjunction with --listen.
--plugins List available plugins and exit.
--show-cursor Always display the cursor. This is useful for screen readers.
--help Display usage information and exit.
There are 7 views in cmus. Press keys 1-7 to change active view.
Library view (1) Displays all tracks in the library. Tracks are sorted and displayed in a tree grouped by artist/album. Artist sorting is done alphabetically. Albums are sorted by year.
Sorted library view (2) Displays the same content as view 1, but as a simple list automatically sorted by user criteria.
Playlist view (3) Displays editable playlists with optional sorting.
Play Queue view (4) Displays upcoming tracks. These tracks are played before anything else (i.e. the playlist or library). Once the queue is empty, playback will resume from the last position in the library.
Browser (5) Displays the directory browser. In this view, music from the filesystem can be added to the library, active playlist, or queue.
Filters view (6) Lists user-defined filters.
Settings view (7) Lists keybindings, unbound commands and options. Remove bindings with D or del, change bindings and variables with enter, and toggle variables with space.
Everything in cmus is implemented as commands which can be typed at command line or bound to a key. To enter command mode type :. To execute a command, press ENTER, and to cancel, press ESC or CTRL-C. Use up/down arrows to browse the command history. Use TAB to complete commands and parameters. You don't need to type full command name if it is unambiguous (no other commands starting with the same characters).
# add files, short for ':add ~/music' :a ~/music
# change output plugin :set output_plugin=oss
# start playing # you could just press 'x' which is the default # binding for this command :player-play
# clear current view (library, playlist or play queue) :clear
Search mode works like the command mode. To enter search mode, press / and type the query then press ENTER. Press n to move to the next result or N for the previous one. Type ? to search backwards.
In views 1-4 the query is matched against the artist, album and title tags. Type //WORDS or ??WORDS to search only artists/albums in view 1 and only titles in views 2-4. If the file doesn't have tags, words are compared to the filename excluding the path.
Searching also works in views 5-7.
Selecting Tracks Editing commands affect the currently marked tracks. If there are no marked tracks, the currently selected track (or selected artist/album in view 1) is used.
To mark the selected track, press SPACE. Marked tracks appear with a gray background. You can only mark tracks in the list views (2-4).
Copying Tracks Between Views You can copy marked or selected tracks in views 1-5.
a      copy tracks to the library (1-2)
y      copy tracks to the marked playlist (3)
e      append tracks to the play queue (4)
E      prepend tracks to the play queue (4)
Moving Tracks In views 2-4, tracks can be moved within the list. Note that moving is disabled if the view is auto-sorted (see lib_sort and pl_sort options).
Pressing p moves marked tracks to the position immediately after the selected track. P moves them to the position immediately before the selected track. If there are no marked tracks, the selected track is moved down (p) or up (P).
Note that changing active filters in view 2 reloads it, losing any changes made to the track order.
Removing Tracks Press D or delete to remove the marked or selected tracks in the current view (1-4). The tracks will be removed immediately from the view without asking for confirmation. In the browser and filters views, the same keys are used to remove a file or filter after asking for confirmation.
The right hand side of the status line (second row from the bottom, black text on a grey background) consists of the following fields:
aaa_mode & play_sorted & play_library | continue follow repeat shuffle
NOTE: aaa_mode and play_sorted will be only displayed if play_library is true because these are meaningless when playing the playlists (view 3).
Pressing m, o, M, C, r and s should make it easier to understand what these fields mean.
See CONFIGURATION OPTIONS section for more information about these options.
Here's list of default keybindings. To change them, see the unbind and bind commands in the COMMANDS section.
Common: Playback b                       player-next c                       player-pause x                       player-play z                       player-prev v                       player-stop
]                       vol +0 +1% [                       vol +1% +0 +                       vol +10% =                       vol +10% }                       vol -0 -1% {                       vol -1% -0 -                       vol -10%
,                       seek -1m .                       seek +1m
h                       seek -5 l                       seek +5
left                    seek -5 right                   seek +5
mlb_click_bar           player-pause mouse_scroll_up_bar     seek +5 mouse_scroll_down_bar   seek -5
Common: Setting Toggles m                       toggle aaa_mode C                       toggle continue M                       toggle play_library o                       toggle play_sorted r                       toggle repeat ^R                      toggle repeat_current t                       toggle show_remaining_time s                       toggle shuffle f                       toggle follow
Common: Commands q                       quit -i ^C                      echo Type :quit<enter> to exit cmus. I                       echo {}
!                       push shell<space>
Common: View/Window Navigation 1                       view tree 2                       view sorted 3                       view playlist 4                       view queue 5                       view browser 6                       view filters 7                       view settings
mouse_scroll_up_title   left-view mouse_scroll_down_title right-view
tab                     win-next
^L                      refresh
Common: Navigation ^Y                      win-scroll-up ^E                      win-scroll-down ^B                      win-page-up ^F                      win-page-down ^U                      win-half-page-up ^D                      win-half-page-down
k                       win-up j                       win-down g                       win-top G                       win-bottom
up                      win-up down                    win-down home                    win-top end                     win-bottom page_up                 win-page-up page_down               win-page-down
mouse_scroll_up         win-up mouse_scroll_down       win-down
Common: Selection i                       win-sel-cur enter                   win-activate mlb_click_selected      win-activate
space                   win-toggle D                       win-remove delete                  win-remove p                       win-mv-after P                       win-mv-before
E                       win-add-Q a                       win-add-l y                       win-add-p e                       win-add-q
u                       update-cache U                       win-update-cache
Common: Filters /                       search-start ?                       search-b-start n                       search-next N                       search-prev
F                       push filter<space> L                       push live-filter<space>
File Browser space                   win-activate backspace               browser-up i                       toggle show_hidden u                       win-update
The library view (the tree-like one; not the sorted library view, which is configured with lib_sort - see CONFIGURATION OPTIONS), is sorted automatically using tags from the audio files.
Note: Albums which feature various artists (e.g. samplers or compilations) are treated specially. If an album artist tag or the ID3v2 TPE2 frame is set, it will be used instead of the real artist name. Otherwise, cmus determines if the album is a compilation (if albumartist or artist are set to Various Artists, Various, VA, or V/A; or if compilation or partofacompilation are set to a truthy value; or if the ID3v2 TCMP frame is set). If so, the artist is named <Various Artists>.
Note: If the filename is a URL, the artist/album tags are set to <Stream>. If it is a file, cmus sets the artist and/or album tags to <No Name> if they are not already set. These names will be treated the same way as other names for sorting.
In general, three levels of sorting are used in the library view: the artist name, then the album, and finally the track itself.
First, cmus sorts alphanumerically by the value of the artist tag. If a special sorting tag is available, its value will be used instead.
Next, cmus sorts by the album. Tracks are grouped by the album name, and the groups are sorted by the date of the first track, then alphanumerically by the name of the album. If the date header is not set, the album will be placed on top of the list.
Finally, each album is sorted by the track discnumber, tracknumber, then filename (not the track name).
This section describes cmus' commands, which can be bound to keys and mouse events, put in configuration files, executed in command mode, or passed to cmus-remote.
Optional parameters are in [brackets], required parameters in <angle brackets> and default key bindings are (parenthesized).
add [-l] [-p] [-q] [-Q] <file|dir|url|playlist> Adds file/dir/url/playlist to the specified view or the current view.
-l     add to library
-p     add to playlist
-q     add play queue
-Q     prepend to play queue
Supported files are based on the loaded input plugins.
Supported URLs: Shoutcast (http://...), CDDA (cdda://...).
Supported playlist types: plain, .m3u, .pls.
bind [-f] <context> <key> <command> Adds a key binding.
-f     overwrite existing binding
Valid contexts: common (i.e. all views), library (1-2), playlist (3), queue (4), browser (5), filters (6)
There's one context for each view. Common is a special context on which bound keys work in every view.
You can override specific keys in common context for a view. For example i selects the current track in views 1-3 but in browser it is overridden to toggle showing of hidden files.
When setting custom bindings in $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/cmus/rc, it is recommended to use the -f option, or else bind may fail due to an existing binding in the autosave or system-level config files.
Hint: You can press tab from command mode to expand contexts, keys, and commands.
browser-up (backspace) Navigates the browser view to the parent directory (5). This command only makes sense to be bound to the browser key context although it's possible to use this even if browser view is not active.
cd [directory] Changes the current working directory. Also changes the directory displayed in the browser view.
clear [-l] [-p] [-q] Removes all tracks from a single view.
-l     clear library
-p     clear playlist
-q     clear play queue
If a view is not specified, the current view is used.
colorscheme <name> Changes the color scheme. Color schemes are found in /usr/share/cmus/ or $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/cmus/ and have the extension .theme.
echo <arg>... Displays the arguments on the command line.
{} it is replaced with file name of the first selected track.
factivate <user-defined-filter>... Selects and activates the given user defined filters (displayed in the filters view). Filter names are separated by spaces. This command is mostly useful when bound to a key to change active filters quickly. If no arguments are provided, all filters are deactivated.
Prefix a filter name with ! to negate it.
filter <filter-expression> Temporarily filters a library view. The filter is not saved (use fset and factivate for that).
fset <name>=<filter-expression> Defines or replaces an existing filter and adds it to the filters view (6).
help Shows information about help files.
invert Inverts the marking of tracks in playlist and queue views. See mark and unmark.
live-filter <simple-filter-expression|short-filter-expression> Like filter, but uses simple filters and shows a preview as you type. It persists even after leaving command mode.
load [-l] [-p] <playlist> Loads a playlist to a view.
-l     load to library views
-p     load to playlist view
lqueue [NUM] Queues NUM (default 1) random albums from the library. Also see tqueue.
mark <filter-expression> Marks tracks in playlist and queue view using a filter expression.
mute Toggles mute for the sound output.
pl-create <name> Creates a new playlist.
pl-export <filename> Exports the currently selected playlist. The file will be overwritten if it exists.
pl-import [filename] Imports a playlist into the playlist view. The argument can be omitted in the file browser view.
pl-rename <name> Renames the selected playlist.
player-next (b) Skips to the next track.
player-pause (c) Toggles pause.
player-pause-playback Pauses if currently playing.
player-play [filename] (x) Plays the given track, or, if none is specified, [re]plays the current track from the beginning.
player-prev (z) Skips to the previous track.
player-stop (v) Stops playback.
prev-view Goes to the previously used view.
left-view Goes to the to view to the left of current one (e.g. view 4 -> view 3)
right-view Goes to view to the right of current one (e.g. view 3 -> view 4).
push [text] Enters command mode with the command line pre-set to text. Example:
bind common w push filter artist=
Text can contain spaces, which will be used as-is (e.g. trailing spaces will be preserved). If no text is given, it defaults to a blank command line.
This command can only be used from a keybinding.
pwd Prints the current working directory.
quit [-i] (q, :wq) Exits cmus.
-i     ask before exiting
raise-vte Raises the virtual terminal emulator window. Only works within a X session.
rand Randomizes (shuffles) the tracks in the library, playlist or queue view.
refresh (^L) Redraws the terminal window.
run <command> Runs a command for the marked tracks OR the selected one if none marked.
By default file names are appended to the command. If the command contains {} it is replaced with list of filenames.
Note: In view 1 you can run a command for all files in the selected album or artist.
save [-e]  [-l] [-L] [-p] [-q]  [file]  (:w) Saves the contents of a view to a playlist file. In extended mode (-e), also saves track metadata.
-l     save library views
-L     save filtered library views
-p     save playlist view
-q     save queue view
If no view is specified, the current one is used.
If no filename given the old filename is used. "-" outputs to stdout (works only remotely).
search-b-start Enters backwards search mode. Cannot be used directly from command mode.
See search-start.
search-next (n) If there is an active search, goes to the next match in the current view. See SEARCHING above.
search-prev (N) If there is an active search, goes to the previous match in the current view. See SEARCHING above.
search-start Enters search mode. Cannot be used directly from command mode.
This is similar to live-filter, except it is temporary and only selects the current match rather than filtering the entire view.
seek [+-](<num>[mh] | [HH:]MM:SS) Seeks to an absolute or relative position, which can be given in seconds, minutes (m), hours (h) or HH:MM:SS format where HH: is optional.
Seek 1 minute backward :seek -1m
Seek 5 seconds forward :seek +5
Seek to absolute position 1h :seek 1h
Seek 90 seconds forward :seek +1:30
set <option>=<value> Sets the value of an option. See OPTIONS.
set <option> Display option value. Vim compatible set <option>? is also supported.
shell <command> Executes a command via /bin/sh -c.
showbind <context> <key> Shows a key binding.
shuffle Reshuffles the shuffle lists for both library and playlist views.
source <filename> Reads and executes commands from <filename>.
toggle <option> Toggles the value of a toggle-able option (all booleans and tristate aaa_mode).
tqueue [NUM] Queues NUM (default 1) random tracks from the library. See also lqueue.
unbind [-f] <context> <key> Removes a key binding. Use tab to cycle through bound keys.
-f Don't throw an error if the binding is not known
unmark Unmarks all tracks (see mark).
update-cache [-f] Updates the track metadata cache ($XDG_CONFIG_HOME/cmus/cache). By default, only deletions or files with a changed modification time are updated.
-f Update all files. Same as quit, rm -f $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/cmus/cache, start cmus.
version Prints the version information.
view <name or 1-7> Changes the active view.
vol [+-]NUM[%] [[+-]NUM[%]] Changes the volume.
If a single argument is provided, both channels are changed. Otherwise, the first/second values are for the left/right channels respectively.
To increase or decrease volume prefix the value with - or +, otherwise value is treated as absolute volume.
Both absolute and relative values can be given as percentage units (suffixed with %) or as internal values (hardware may have volume in range 0-31 for example).
w See quit. Intended for use while in command mode.
win-activate (enter) In views, 1-3 plays the selected track. In view 5 starts, the selected file or changes to the selected directory. In view 6, activates the selected filters. In settings view (7), changes a binding or variable.
win-add-l [-n] (a) Adds the currently marked or selected track(s) (views 3-4), or the currently selected file/directory (view 5), to the library.
Analogous to :add -l
-n Don't move the selection to the next item.
win-add-p [-n] (y) Adds the currently marked or selected track(s) (views 1-2, 4), or the currently selected file or directory (view 5), to the marked playlist.
Analogous to :add -p
win-add-Q [-n] (E) Prepends the currently marked or selected track(s) (views 1-3), or the currently selected file or directory (view 5), to the play queue.
Analogous to :add -Q
win-add-q [-n] (e) Adds the currently marked or selected track(s) (views 1-3), or the currently selected file or directory (view 5), to the play queue.
Analogous to :add -q
win-bottom (G, end) Goes to bottom of the current window.
win-down [NUM] (j, down) Goes down NUM (default 1) rows in the current window.
win-half-page-down (^D) Goes down half a page in the current window.
win-half-page-up (^U) Goes up half a page in the current window.
win-mv-after (p) Moves the marked tracks below the selected track. If no tracks are selected, selects the previous track. If no tracks are marked, moves the selected track up by one. This command works in the playlist and queue views.
win-mv-before (P) Moves the marked tracks above the selected track. If no tracks are selected, selects the previous track. If no tracks are marked, moves the selected track down by one. This command works in the playlist and queue views.
win-next (tab) Activates the next window (i.e. tree/list). Only relevant in view 1.
win-page-bottom Goes to the bottom of the visible part of the current window.
win-page-down (^F, page_down) Goes to down one page in the current window.
win-page-middle Goes to the middle of the visible part of the current window.
win-page-top Goes to the top of the visible part of the current window.
win-page-up (^B, page_up) Goes up one page in the current window.
win-remove (D, delete) Removes the selected entry. For tracks, no confirmation is required. For playlists (view 3), files (view 5), filters (view 6) and bindings (view 7) user must confirm the action.
win-scroll-down (^E) Scrolls the current window one row downwards.
win-scroll-up (^Y) Scrolls the current window one row upwards.
win-sel-cur (i) Selects the current track (position in library or playlist, not necessarily same as the currently playing track). Works only in views 1-3, does nothing in other views.
win-toggle (space) Expands albums in library view (1), marks tracks in views 2-4, sets the marked playlist in view 3, toggles selection of a filter in view 6, or toggles a variable's value in view 7.
win-top (g, home) Goes to top of the current window.
win-up [NUM] (k, up) Goes up NUM (default 1) rows in the current window.
win-update (u) Checks the modification time of the files in the library, and updates metadata for changed files. Removes non-existent files from the library.
Reloads contents of directory in the browser view.
Only works in views 1-2 and 5, does nothing in other views.
win-update-cache [-f] Same as update-cache, but only for marked / selected tracks. Only works in views 1-2, does nothing in other views.
wq See quit. Intended for use from command mode.
This section describes configuration options used by cmus.
These options can be changed using the set and toggle commands. Default values are (parenthesized), and the possible values are in [brackets].
auto_expand_albums_follow, auto_expand_albums_search, auto_expand_albums_selcur (true) Always expand an artist and select the album when following the currently played track or performing actions such as "search" or "go to current track". This option is tightly coupled to the show_all_tracks option. Any "auto_expand_albums_* = false" implies "show_all_tracks = true".
auto_reshuffle (true) Reshuffle a playlist when the end of a shuffled list is reached.
aaa_mode (all) [all, artist, album] Defines what tracks should be played in the library view. Not used in the other views.
For example, if set to artist, the player behaves like there were only the files of the currently playing artist in the library.
altformat_current [Format String] Alternative format string for the line displaying currently playing track.
Note: If empty, format_current is used instead.
altformat_playlist [Format String] Alternative format string for the list views (2-4).
Note: if empty, format_playlist is used instead.
altformat_title [Format String] Alternative format string the for terminal title.
Note: not all terminals support changing window title.
Note: if empty, format_title is used instead.
altformat_trackwin [Format String] Alternative format string for the tree view's (1) track window.
Note: if empty, format_trackwin is used instead.
buffer_seconds (10) [1-300] Size of the player buffer in seconds.
color_cmdline_bg (default) [Color] Command line background color.
color_cmdline_fg (default) [Color] Command line foreground color.
color_cmdline_attr (default) [Attributes] Command line attributes.
color_error (lightred) [Color] Color of error messages displayed on the command line.
color_info (lightyellow) [Color] Color of informational messages displayed on the command line.
color_separator (blue) [Color] Color of the separator line between windows in view (1).
color_statusline_bg (gray) [Color] Status line background color.
color_statusline_fg (black) [Color] Status line foreground color.
color_statusline_attr (default) [Attributes] Status line attributes.
color_titleline_bg (blue) [Color] Background color of the line displaying currently playing track.
color_titleline_fg (white) [Color] Foreground color of the line displaying currently playing track.
color_titleline_attr (default) [Attributes] Attributes of the line displaying currently playing track.
color_win_bg (default) [Color] Window background color.
color_win_cur (lightyellow) [Color] Color of currently playing track.
color_win_cur_attr (default) [Attributes] Currently playing track attributes.
color_win_cur_sel_bg (blue) [Color] Background color of the selected row which is also the currently playing track in active window.
color_win_cur_sel_fg (lightyellow) [Color] Foreground color of the selected row which is also the currently playing track in active window.
color_win_cur_sel_attr (default) [Attributes] Attributes of the selected row which is also the currently playing track in active window.
color_win_dir (lightblue) [Color] Color of directories in browser.
color_win_fg (default) [Color] Window foreground color.
color_win_attr (default) [Attributes] Window attributes.
color_win_inactive_cur_sel_bg (gray) [Color] Background color of the selected row which is also the currently playing track in inactive window.
color_win_inactive_cur_sel_fg (lightyellow) [Color] Foreground color of the selected row which is also the currently playing track in inactive window.
color_win_inactive_cur_sel_attr (default) [Attributes] Attributes of the selected row which is also the currently playing track in inactive window.
color_win_inactive_sel_bg (gray) [Color] Background color of selected row in inactive window.
color_win_inactive_sel_fg (black) [Color] Foreground color of selected row in inactive window.
color_win_inactive_sel_attr (default) [Attributes] Attributes of selected row in inactive window.
color_win_sel_bg (blue) [Color] Background color of selected row in active window.
color_win_sel_fg (white) [Color] Foreground color of selected row in active window.
color_win_sel_attr (default) [Attributes] Attributes of selected row in active window.
color_win_title_bg (blue) [Color] Background color of window titles (topmost line of the screen).
color_win_title_fg (white) [Color] Foreground color of window titles (topmost line of the screen).
color_win_title_attr (default) [Attributes] Attributes of window titles (topmost line of the screen).
color_trackwin_album_bg (default) [Color] Background color of the album row shown in the track window.
color_trackwin_album_fg (default) [Color] Foreground color of the album row shown in the track window.
color_trackwin_album_attr (bold) [Attributes] Attributes of the album row shown in the track window.
confirm_run (true) Ask for confirmation before executing :run
continue (true) Continue playing after current track finishes.
continue_album (true) Continue playing next album after current album finishes.
device (/dev/cdrom) CDDA device file.
display_artist_sort_name (false) If enabled, always displays artist names used for sorting instead of regular ones in tree view (e.g. "Artist, The" instead of "The Artist"), so that artists column looks alphabetically sorted.
follow (false) If enabled, always select the currently playing track on track change.
format_current [Format String] Format string for the line displaying currently playing track.
format_playlist [Format String] Format string for the list views (2-4).
format_playlist_va [Format String] Format string for the list views (2-4), if a track is assumed to be a part of compilation (see LIBRARY VIEW SORTING for details).
Note: If empty, format_playlist is used instead.
format_statusline [Format String] Format string for status line.
format_title [Format String] Format string for terminal title.
Note: Not all terminals support changing window title.
format_trackwin [Format String] Format string for the tree view's (1) track window.
format_trackwin_album [Format String] Format string for albums in tree view's (1) track window.
format_trackwin_va [Format String] Format string for the tree view's (1) track window, if a track is assumed to be a part of compilation (see LIBRARY VIEW SORTING for details).
Note: If empty, format_trackwin is used instead.
format_treewin [Format String] Format string for the tree view's (1) tree window.
format_treewin_artist [Format String] Format string for artists in tree view's (1) tree window.
smart_artist_sort (true) If enabled, makes the tree view sorting ignore "The" in front of artist names, preventing artists starting with "The" from clumping together. Real artistsort tags override this option, if present.
id3_default_charset (ISO-8859-1) Default character set to use for ID3v1 and broken ID3v2 tags.
Note: This is used only if the tag is not valid UTF-8.
icecast_default_charset (ISO-8859-1) Default character set to use for non-UTF-8 icecast stream metadata.
Note: This is used only if the metadata is not valid UTF-8.
lib_add_filter [Filter] Apply filter when adding files to the library. See FILTERS.
lib_sort (artist album discnumber tracknumber title filename) [Sort Keys] Sort keys for the sorted library view (2).
mouse (false) Enable mouse support.
Note: Mouse wheel scrolling can lag if cmus is compiled with old version of ncurses.
mpris (true) Enable MPRIS support. See D-Bus Interface (MPRIS)
Note: This flag has no effect if cmus was compiled without MPRIS support.
output_plugin [roar, pulse, alsa, arts, oss, sndio, sun, coreaudio] Name of output plugin.
pl_sort () [Sort Keys] Sort keys for the playlist view (3). Empty value disables sorting and enables manually moving tracks.
play_library (true) Play tracks from the library instead of playlist.
play_sorted (false) Play tracks from the library in the sorted view (2) order instead of tree view (1) order. Used only when play_library is true.
repeat (false) Repeat after all tracks played.
repeat_current (false) Repeat current track forever.
replaygain (disabled) [track, album, track-preferred, album-preferred] Enable Replay Gain.
replaygain_limit (true) Use replay gain limiting when clipping.
replaygain_preamp (0.0) Replay gain preamplification in decibels.
resume (false) Resume playback on startup.
rewind_offset (5) [-1-9999] If the position of the current track is smaller than rewind_offset, player_prev jumps to the previous track. Otherwise, player_prev jumps to the beginning of the current track. If rewind_offset=-1, player_prev always jumps to the previous track.
scroll_offset (2) [0-9999] Minimal number of screen lines to keep above and below the cursor.
show_all_tracks (true) Display all tracks of the artist when the artist is selected in the tree view. This option is tightly coupled to the auto_expand_albums_\ options. "show_all_tracks = false" implies "auto_expand_albums_* = true".
show_hidden (false) Display hidden files in browser.
show_current_bitrate (false) Display current bitrate in the status lines.
show_playback_position (true) Display elapsed (or remaining) time in the status line. Can be disabled to e.g. not trigger tmux's activity monitor.
show_remaining_time (false) Display remaining time instead of elapsed time.
shuffle (false) Play in shuffled order. Shuffle works in the library views (1-2) and playlist view (3).
skip_track_info (false) Don't load metadata when adding tracks. Useful when using network file system and having huge amount of files. Tags can be loaded using 'update-cache' or 'win-update-cache' commands.
softvol (false) Use software volume control.
Note: You should probably set this to false when using ao as output_plugin to output to wav files.
softvol_state (100 100) Used to save left and right channel values for software volume control. Two integers in range 0..100 separated by a space. This option is not usually changed directly since vol command does same thing if softvol is true.
start_view (tree) [tree, sorted, playlist, queue, browser, filters, settings] Specify the view that gets shown when cmus starts.
status_display_program () [command] This command, if set, is run for every status change. It can be used to display currently playing track on desktop background or panel for example. See /usr/share/doc/cmus/examples/cmus-status-display.
stop_after_queue (false) Stop playback when end of play queue is reached.
time_show_leading_zero (true) Pad durations of less than 10 minutes with a leading 0.
tree_width_percent (33) [1-100] Percentage of the window width to use for left pane.
tree_width_max (0) [0-9999] Restrict the size calculated from tree_width_percent. 0 disables this option.
This affects the tree in the library view and the playlist list in the playlist view.
Note that this value will be further constrained by the window width and/or the minimum tree size.
For example, to set a fixed size of 60 columns:
set tree_width_percent=100 set tree_width_max=60
Or, to be 33% wide, but at most 60 columns
set tree_width_percent=33 set tree_width_max=60
Or, to always be 33% wide where possible (the default behavior):
set tree_width_percent=33 set tree_width_max=0
wrap_search (true) Controls whether the search wraps around the end.
Colors Color is an integer in range -1..255.
The following color names are recognized:
Terminal's default color, -1 default
Fg & bg, 0..7 black, red, green, yellow, blue, magenta, cyan, gray
Fg, 8..15 darkgray, lightred, lightgreen, lightyellow, lightblue, lightmagenta, lightcyan, white
Attributes Attributes is a set of names "standout|bold":
default does nothing, if you put it with other attributes the other attributes will be used.
standout makes the text standout.
bold makes the text bold.
reverse reverses the text colors.
underline underlines the text.
blink makes the text blink.
Format Strings Format strings control display of tracks in library, playlist and play queue views.
Note: altformat_* options are used when there are no tags available.
Special Keys:
%a  %{artist} %A  %{albumartist} %l  %{album} %D  %{discnumber} %n  %{tracknumber} %X  %{play_count} %t  %{title} %g  %{genre} %c  %{comment} %y  %{date} %d  %{duration} %f  %{path} %F  %{filename} %{albumduration} %{originaldate} %{maxdate} %{bpm} %{bitrate} %{codec} %{codec_profile} %{rg_track_gain} %{rg_track_peak} %{rg_album_gain} %{rg_album_peak} %{arranger} %{composer} %{conductor} %{lyricist} %{performer} %{remixer} %{label} %{publisher} %{work} %{opus} %{partnumber} %{part} %{subtitle} %{media} %= start align right (use at most once) %% literal % %? literal ?
You can use printf style formatting (width, alignment, padding). As an extension, the width can have a %-suffix, to specify a percentage of the terminal width. To see current value of an option type :set option=<TAB>.
Note: With %{bitrate}, you'll have to append the unit yourself, as mentioned in the example below.
You can use conditional operator %{?CONDITION?A[?B]}. CONDITION has the same syntax as filters, except for unsupported short and simple expressions and supported keys comparison (e.g. artist=albumartist). Its keys are: format strings' special keys configuration options keyword stream [boolean] (returns true if track is a stream) keyword va [boolean] (returns true if track's album is compilation) Else part can be skipped. A and B can contain string literals in " or '. A and B can be empty.
:set format_trackwin= %02n. %t %{?y?(%y)}%= %d :set format_current= %n. %-30t %40F (%y)%= %d :set format_current= %a - %l - %02n. %t%= %{bitrate}Kbps %g %y :set format_playlist= %f%= %6{rg_track_gain} dB  %8{rg_track_peak} :set format_playlist= %-25%a %-15%l %3n. %t%= %y %d
Sort Keys Sort option (lib_sort, pl_sort) value is space separated list of the following sort keys:
artist, album, title, tracknumber, play_count, discnumber, date, originaldate, genre, comment, albumartist, filename, filemtime, bpm, bitrate, codec, media, codec_profile, rg_track_gain, rg_track_peak, rg_album_gain, rg_album_peak
Note: Adding a '-' in front of the key will reverse the sort order.
dsp.alsa.device PCM device for ALSA plugin, usually "default".
mixer.alsa.channel Mixer channel for ALSA Plugin, usually "pcm", "master" or "headphone". To see all possible values run "alsamixer" or "amixer".
mixer.alsa.device Mixer device for ALSA plugin, usually "default".
mixer.pulse.restore_volume Restore the volume at startup using PulseAudio. Otherwise, cmus sets the volume to 100%, which does not mix well with "flat volumes" feature of PA. Defaults to "1"; set to "0" to turn off.
dsp.ao.buffer_size The audio buffer size; defaults to 16kB, but you may want to try bigger values if you experience buffer under-runs.
dsp.ao.device_interface Device interface for libao plugin to request a specific playback device/sink/output. This name will be in a format determined by the specific driver backend.
dsp.ao.driver Output driver for libao plugin. Example values: "alsa09", "esd", "irix", "oss", "sun", "aixs", "wav".
Note: of the file output drivers only "wav" is supported.
dsp.ao.wav_counter Counter used for making filename. Used only if dsp.ao.driver is "wav". For example if this is 1 and dsp.ao.wav_dir is "/home/user" then PCM data is outputted to "/home/user/01.wav". This counter is incremented every time playback is stopped.
Note: You probably want to set continue to false (press C), otherwise playback is not stopped between tracks and all PCM data is outputted to one wav file (useful if you want to join files).c Also unsetting shuffle and repeat might be good idea.
dsp.ao.wav_dir Output directory for libao plugin; default to the home directory. Used only if dsp.ao.driver is "wav".
dsp.coreaudio.device Device for Core Audio output. Leave empty for default.
dsp.coreaudio.enable_hog_mode Set hog mode for the device. The default value is false.
dsp.coreaudio.sync_sample_rate Synchronize the device sample rate with the player, so no interpolation will be applied to the stream.
dsp.jack.server_name Connect to jackd with this name. Leave empty for default.
dsp.jack.resampling_quality The re-sampling quality. 0 is low quality but fast, 1 is medium quality, 2 (default) is high quality but more CPU intensive. This option is only available if cmus was compiled with libsamplerate support.