neulab/tldr huggingface dataset:
# specify the compression level. 1=fastest (worst), 11=slowest (best)
brotli -q {{11}} {{file.ext}} -o {{compressed_file.ext.br}}
# fix issues in the specified directory (defaults to the pear standard)
phpcbf {{path/to/directory}}
# display a list of installed coding standards
phpcbf -i
# specify a coding standard to validate against
phpcbf {{path/to/directory}} --standard {{standard}}
# specify commaseparated file extensions to include when sniffing
phpcbf {{path/to/directory}} --extensions {{file_extension(s)}}
# a commaseparated list of files to load before processing
phpcbf {{path/to/directory}} --bootstrap {{file(s)}}
# don't recurse into subdirectories
phpcbf {{path/to/directory}} -l
# generate an rsa private key of 2048 bits, saving it to a specific file
openssl genpkey -algorithm rsa -pkeyopt rsa_keygen_bits:{{2048}} -out {{filename.key}}
# generate an elliptic curve private key using the curve `prime256v1`, saving it to a specific file
openssl genpkey -algorithm EC -pkeyopt ec_paramgen_curve:{{prime256v1}} -out {{filename.key}}
# generate an `ed25519` elliptic curve private key, saving it to a specific file
openssl genpkey -algorithm {{ED25519}} -out {{filename.key}}
# generate by directly inputting text
figlet {{input_text}}
# use a custom font file
figlet {{input_text}} -f {{path/to/font_file.flf}}
# use a font from the default font directory (the extension can be omitted)
figlet {{input_text}} -f {{font_filename}}
# pipe command output through figlet
{{command}} | figlet
# show available figlet fonts
showfigfonts {{optional_string_to_display}}
# align the data of a zip file on 4byte boundaries
zipalign {{4}} {{path/to/input.zip}} {{path/to/output.zip}}
# check that a zip file is correctly aligned on 4byte boundaries and display the results in a verbose manner
zipalign -v -c {{4}} {{path/to/input.zip}}
# analyze a vhdl source file and produce an object file
ghdl -a {{filename.vhdl}}
# elaborate a design (where `{{design}}` is the name of a configuration unit, entity unit or architecture unit)
ghdl -e {{design}}
# run an elaborated design
ghdl -r {{design}}
# run an elaborated design and dump output to a waveform file
ghdl -r {{design}} --wave={{output.ghw}}
# check the syntax of a vhdl source file
ghdl -s {{filename.vhdl}}
# display the help page
ghdl --help
# create a new identity
git bug user create
# create a new bug
git bug add
# you can push your new entry to a remote
git bug push
# you can pull for updates
git bug pull
# list existing bugs
git bug ls
# filter and sort bugs using a query
git bug ls "{{status}}:{{open}} {{sort}}:{{edit}}"
# search for bugs by text content
git bug ls "{{search_query}}" baz
# start tunnel from a specific port
lt --port {{8000}}
# specify the upstream server doing the forwarding
lt --port {{8000}} --host {{host}}
# request a specific subdomain
lt --port {{8000}} --subdomain {{subdomain}}
# print basic request info
lt --port {{8000}} --print-requests
# open the tunnel url in the default web browser
lt --port {{8000}} --open
# convert a docbook xml document to pdf format
xmlto {{pdf}} {{document.xml}}
# convert a docbook xml document to html format and store the resulting files in a separate directory
xmlto -o {{path/to/html_files}} {{html}} {{document.xml}}
# convert a docbook xml document to a single html file
xmlto {{html-nochunks}} {{document.xml}}
# specify a stylesheet to use while converting a docbook xml document
xmlto -x {{stylesheet.xsl}} {{output_format}} {{document.xml}}
# convert a graph from `mm` to `gv` format
mm2gv -o {{output.gv}} {{input.mm}}
# convert a graph using stdin and stdout
cat {{input.mm}} | mm2gv > {{output.gv}}
# display help
mm2gv -?
# listen to a port, wait for an incoming connection and transfer data to stdio
socat - TCP-LISTEN:8080,fork
# create a connection to a host and port, transfer data in stdio to connected host
socat - TCP4:www.example.com:80
# forward incoming data of a local port to another host and port
socat TCP-LISTEN:80,fork TCP4:www.example.com:80
# create a new middleman project
middleman init "{{project_name}}"
# start local server for current project on port 4567
middleman server
# start local server for current project on a specified port
middleman server -p "{{port}}"
# build the project in the current directory to prepare for deployment
bundle exec middleman build
# deploy the middleman project in the current directory
middleman deploy
# start the server
minetestserver
# list available worlds
minetestserver --world list
# specify the world name to load
minetestserver --world {{world_name}}
# list the available game ids
minetestserver --gameid list
# specify a game to use
minetestserver --gameid {{game_id}}
# listen on a specific port
minetestserver --port {{34567}}
# migrate to a different data backend
minetestserver --migrate {{sqlite3|leveldb|redis}}
# start an interactive terminal after starting the server
minetestserver --terminal
# print a summary of the image exif metadata
exiv2 {{path/to/file}}
# print all metadata (exif, iptc, xmp) with interpreted values
exiv2 -P kt {{path/to/file}}
# print all metadata with raw values
exiv2 -P kv {{path/to/file}}
# delete all metadata from an image
exiv2 -d a {{path/to/file}}
# delete all metadata, preserving the file timestamp
exiv2 -d a -k {{path/to/file}}
# rename the file, prepending the date and time from metadata (not from the file timestamp)
exiv2 -r {{'%Y%m%d_%H%M%S_:basename:'}} {{path/to/file}}
# install a package (see `pip install` for more install examples)
pip install {{package_name}}
# upgrade a package
pip install -U {{package_name}}
# uninstall a package
pip uninstall {{package_name}}
# save installed packages to file
pip freeze > {{requirements.txt}}
# show installed package info
pip show {{package_name}}
# list all ports
netstat --all
# list all listening ports
netstat --listening
# list listening tcp ports
netstat --tcp
# display pid and program names
netstat --program
# list information continuously
netstat --continuous
# list routes and do not resolve ip addresses to hostnames
netstat --route --numeric
# list listening tcp and udp ports (+ user and process if you're root)
netstat --listening --program --numeric --tcp --udp --extend
# simply convert raw files to jpg
ufraw-batch --out-type=jpg {{input_file(s)}}
# simply convert raw files to png
ufraw-batch --out-type=png {{input_file(s)}}
# extract the preview image from the raw file
ufraw-batch --embedded-image {{input_file(s)}}
# save the file with size up to the given maximums max1 and max2
ufraw-batch --size=MAX1,MAX2 {{input_file(s)}}
# delete files that are not tracked by git
git clean
# interactively delete files that are not tracked by git
git clean -i
# show what files would be deleted without actually deleting them
git clean --dry-run
# forcefully delete files that are not tracked by git
git clean -f
# forcefully delete directories that are not tracked by git
git clean -fd
# delete untracked files, including ignored files in `.gitignore` and `.git/info/exclude`
git clean -x
# display a calendar for the current month
jcal
# display the previous, current, and next months
jcal -3
# display a calendar for a specific year (4 digits)
jcal {{year}}
# display a calendar for a specific month and year
jcal {{year}} {{month}}
# generate one passphrase with the default options
xkcdpass
# generate one passphrase whose first letters of each word match the provided argument
xkcdpass -a {{acrostic}}
# generate passwords interactively
xkcdpass -i
# build a sketch
arduino --verify {{path/to/file.ino}}
# build and upload a sketch
arduino --upload {{path/to/file.ino}}
# build and upload a sketch to an arduino nano with an atmega328p cpu, connected on port `/dev/ttyacm0`
arduino --board {{arduino:avr:nano:cpu=atmega328p}} --port {{/dev/ttyACM0}} --upload {{path/to/file.ino}}
# set the preference `name` to a given `value`
arduino --pref {{name}}={{value}}
# build a sketch, put the build results in the build directory, and reuse any previous build results in that directory
arduino --pref build.path={{path/to/build_directory}} --verify {{path/to/file.ino}}
# save any (changed) preferences to `preferences.txt`
arduino --save-prefs
# start and manage all services in a directory as the current user
runsvdir {{path/to/services}}
# start and manage all services in a directory as root
sudo runsvdir {{path/to/services}}
# start services in separate sessions
runsvdir -P {{path/to/services}}
# add symlinks to tex live files
sudo tlmgr path add
# remove symlinks to tex live files
sudo tlmgr path remove
# search for files containing a string or regular expression in the current directory recursively
ack "{{search_pattern}}"
# search for a caseinsensitive pattern
ack --ignore-case "{{search_pattern}}"
# search for lines matching a pattern, printing [o]nly the matched text and not the rest of the line
ack -o "{{search_pattern}}"
# limit search to files of a specific type
ack --type={{ruby}} "{{search_pattern}}"
# do not search in files of a specific type
ack --type=no{{ruby}} "{{search_pattern}}"
# count the total number of matches found
ack --count --no-filename "{{search_pattern}}"
# print the file names and the number of matches for each file only
ack --count --files-with-matches "{{search_pattern}}"
# list all the values that can be used with `type`
ack --help-types
# generate documentation for java source code and save the result in a directory
javadoc -d {{path/to/directory/}} {{path/to/java_source_code}}
# generate documentation with a specific encoding
javadoc -docencoding {{UTF-8}} {{path/to/java_source_code}}
# generate documentation excluding some packages
javadoc -exclude {{package_list}} {{path/to/java_source_code}}
# build documentation
sphinx-build -b {{html|epub|text|latex|man|...}} {{path/to/source_dir}} {{path/to/build_dir}}
# build documentations intended for readthedocs.io (requires the sphinxrtdtheme pip package)
sphinx-build -b {{html}} {{path/to/docs_dir}} {{path/to/build_dir}}
# run gdb server on port 4500
st-util -p {{4500}}
# connect to gdb server
(gdb) target extended-remote {{localhost}}:{{4500}}
# write firmware to device
(gdb) load {{firmware.elf}}
# run a go file
go run {{path/to/file.go}}
# run a main go package
go run {{path/to/package}}
# show the reflog for head
git reflog
# show the reflog for a given branch
git reflog {{branch_name}}
# show only the 5 latest entries in the reflog
git reflog -n {{5}}
# check the values of all attributes on a file
git check-attr --all {{path/to/file}}
# check the value of a specific attribute on a file
git check-attr {{attribute}} {{path/to/file}}
# check the value of a specific attribute on files
git check-attr --all {{path/to/file1}} {{path/to/file2}}
# check the value of a specific attribute on one or more files
git check-attr {{attribute}} {{path/to/file1}} {{path/to/file2}}
# use the (default) memcheck tool to show a diagnostic of memory usage by `program`
valgrind {{program}}
# use memcheck to report all possible memory leaks of `program` in full detail
valgrind --leak-check=full --show-leak-kinds=all {{program}}
# use the cachegrind tool to profile and log cpu cache operations of `program`
valgrind --tool=cachegrind {{program}}
# use the massif tool to profile and log heap memory and stack usage of `program`
valgrind --tool=massif --stacks=yes {{program}}
# create stabilisation file to be able to remove camera shakes
transcode -J stabilize -i {{input_file}}
# remove camera shakes after creating stabilisation file, transform video using xvid
transcode -J transform -i {{input_file}} -y xvid -o {{output_file}}
# resize the video to 640x480 pixels and convert to mpeg4 codec using xvid
transcode -Z 640x480 -i {{input_file}} -y xvid -o {{output_file}}
# listen on a specified port and print any data received
nc -l {{port}}
# connect to a certain port
nc {{ip_address}} {{port}}
# set a timeout
nc -w {{timeout_in_seconds}} {{ipaddress}} {{port}}
# keep the server up after the client detaches
nc -k -l {{port}}
# keep the client up even after eof
nc -q {{timeout}} {{ip_address}}
# scan the open ports of a specified host
nc -v -z {{ip_address}} {{port}}
# act as proxy and forward data from a local tcp port to the given remote host
nc -l {{local_port}} | nc {{hostname}} {{remote_port}}
# list all available zfs filesystems
zfs list
# create a new zfs filesystem
zfs create {{pool_name/filesystem_name}}
# delete a zfs filesystem
zfs destroy {{pool_name/filesystem_name}}
# create a snapshot of a zfs filesystem
zfs snapshot {{pool_name/filesystem_name}}@{{snapshot_name}}
# enable compression on a filesystem
zfs set compression=on {{pool_name/filesystem_name}}
# change mountpoint for a filesystem
zfs set mountpoint={{/my/mount/path}} {{pool_name/filesystem_name}}
# start a proxy and save all output to a file
mitmdump -w {{filename}}
# filter a saved traffic file to just post requests
mitmdump -nr {{input_filename}} -w {{output_filename}} "{{~m post}}"
# replay a saved traffic file
mitmdump -nc {{filename}}
# compress executable
upx {{file}}
# decompress executable
upx -d {{file}}
# detailed help
upx --help
# start an access point
sudo hostapd {{path/to/hostapd.conf}}
# start an access point, forking into the background
sudo hostapd -B {{path/to/hostapd.conf}}
# start a gui for `tlmgr`
sudo tlmgr gui
# start a gui specifying the background color
sudo tlmgr gui -background "{{#f39bc3}}"
# start a gui specifying the foreground color
sudo tlmgr gui -foreground "{{#0ef3bd}}"
# start a gui specifying the font and font size
sudo tlmgr gui -font "{{helvetica 18}}"
# start a gui setting a specific geometry
sudo tlmgr gui -geometry {{width}}x{{height}}-{{xpos}}+{{ypos}}
# start a gui passing an arbitrary x resource string
sudo tlmgr gui -xrm {{xresource}}
# create a local kubernetes cluster
kind create cluster --name {{cluster_name}}
# delete one or more clusters
kind delete clusters {{cluster_name}}
# get details about clusters, nodes, or the kubeconfig
kind get {{clusters|nodes|kubeconfig}}
# export the kubeconfig or the logs
kind export {{kubeconfig|logs}}
# merge two pdfs into one with the default suffix "joined"
pdfjoin {{path/to/file1.pdf}} {{path/to/file2.pdf}}
# merge the first page of each given file together
pdfjoin {{path/to/file1.pdf path/to/file2.pdf ...}} {{1}} --outfile {{output_file}}
# save pages 3 to 5 followed by page 1 to a new pdf with custom suffix
pdfjoin {{path/to/file.pdf}} {{3-5,1}} --suffix {{rearranged}}
# merge page subranges from two pdfs
pdfjoin {/path/to/file1.pdf}} {{2-}} {{file2}} {{last-3}} --outfile {{output_file}}
# compile and begin debugging the main package in the current directory (by default, with no arguments)
dlv debug
# compile and begin debugging a specific package
dlv debug {{package}} {{arguments}}
# compile a test binary and begin debugging the compiled program
dlv test
# connect to a headless debug server
dlv connect {{ip_address}}
# attach to a running process and begin debugging
div attach {{pid}}
# compile and begin tracing a program
dlv trace {{package}} --regexp '{{regular_expression}}'
# store data that you type from the keyboard
read {{variable}}
# store each of the next lines you enter as values of an array
read -a {{array}}
# specify the number of maximum characters to be read
read -n {{character_count}} {{variable}}
# use a specific character as a delimiter instead of a new line
read -d {{new_delimiter}} {{variable}}
# do not let backslash (\) act as an escape character
read -r {{variable}}
# display a prompt before the input
read -p "{{Enter your input here: }}" {{variable}}
# do not echo typed characters (silent mode)
read -s {{variable}}
# read stdin and perform an action on every line
while read line; do echo "$line"; done
# dump database into an sqlscript file
pg_dump {{db_name}} > {{output_file.sql}}
# same as above, customize username
pg_dump -U {{username}} {{db_name}} > {{output_file.sql}}
# same as above, customize host and port
pg_dump -h {{host}} -p {{port}} {{db_name}} > {{output_file.sql}}
# dump a database into a customformat archive file
pg_dump -Fc {{db_name}} > {{output_file.dump}}
# dump only database data into an sqlscript file
pg_dump -a {{db_name}} > {{path/to/output_file.sql}}
# dump only schema (data definitions) into an sqlscript file
pg_dump -s {{db_name}} > {{path/to/output_file.sql}}
# generate a default template configuration file `doxyfile`
doxygen -g
# generate a template configuration file
doxygen -g {{path/to/config_file}}
# generate documentation using an existing configuration file
doxygen {{path/to/config_file}}
# list all available repositories from which a package can be installed
tlmgr candidates {{package}}
# get all namespaces in the current cluster
kubectl get namespaces
# get nodes in a specified namespace
kubectl get nodes -n {{namespace}}
# get pods in a specified namespace
kubectl get pods -n {{namespace}}
# get deployments in a specified namespace
kubectl get deployments -n {{namespace}}
# get services in a specified namespace
kubectl get services -n {{namespace}}
# get kubernetes objects defined in a yaml manifest
kubectl get -f {{path/to/manifest}}.yaml
# prepare the php extension in the current directory for compiling
phpize
# delete files previously created by phpize
phpize --clean
# check if a version string respects the semantic versioning format (prints an empty string if it does not match)
semver {{1.2}}
# convert a version string to the semantic versioning format
semver --coerce {{1.2}}
# test if `1.2.3` matches the `^1.0` range (prints an empty string if it does not match)
semver {{1.2.3}} --range "{{^1.0}}"
# test with multiple ranges
semver {{1.2.3}} --range {{">=1.0"}} {{"<2.0"}}
# test multiple version strings and return only the ones that match
semver {{1.2.3}} {{2.0.0}} --range "{{^1.0}}"
# show help
docker start
# start a docker container
docker start {{container}}
# start a container, attaching stdout and stderr and forwarding signals
docker start --attach {{container}}
# start one or more spaceseparated containers
docker start {{container(s)}}
# symlink all files recursively to a given directory
stow --target={{path/to/target_directory}} {{file1 directory1 file2 directory2}}
# delete symlinks recursively from a given directory
stow --delete --target={{path/to/target_directory}} {{file1 directory1 file2 directory2}}
# simulate to see what the result would be like
stow --simulate --target={{path/to/target_directory}} {{file1 directory1 file2 directory2}}
# delete and resymlink
stow --restow --target={{path/to/target_directory}} {{file1 directory1 file2 directory2}}
# exclude files matching a regular expression
stow --ignore={{regular_expression}} --target={{path/to/target_directory}} {{file1 directory1 file2 directory2}}
# open a file
more {{path/to/file}}
# open a file displaying from a specific line
more +{{line_number}} {{path/to/file}}
# display help
more --help
# go to the next page
<Space>
# search for a string (press `n` to go to the next match)
/{{something}}
# exit
q
# display help about interactive commands
h
# list packages
go list ./...
# list standard packages
go list std
# list packages in json format
go list -json time net/http
# list module dependencies and available updates
go list -m -u all
# display all bookmarks matching "keyword" and with "privacy" tag
buku {{keyword}} --stag {{privacy}}
# add bookmark with tags "search engine" and "privacy"
buku --add {{https://example.com}} {{search engine}}, {{privacy}}
# delete a bookmark
buku --delete {{bookmark_id}}
# open editor to edit a bookmark
buku --write {{bookmark_id}}
# remove "search engine" tag from a bookmark
buku --update {{bookmark_id}} --tag {{-}} {{search engine}}
# pack the currently checked out commit into a zip archive
git archive-file
# display a 32bit checksum, size in bytes and filename
cksum {{path/to/file}}
# calculate the sha512 checksum for a file
sha512sum {{path/to/file}}
# calculate sha512 checksums for multiple files
sha512sum {{path/to/file1}} {{path/to/file2}}
# calculate and save the list of sha512 checksums to a file
sha512sum {{path/to/file1}} {{path/to/file2}} > {{path/to/file.sha512}}
# read a file of sha512 sums and verify all files have matching checksums
sha512sum --check {{path/to/file.sha512}}
# only show a message for files for which verification fails
sha512sum --check --quiet {{path/to/file.sha512}}
# list all available tex live packages, prefexing installed ones with `i`
tlmgr info
# list all available collections
tlmgr info collections
# list all available schemes
tlmgr info scheme
# show information about a specific package
tlmgr info {{package_name}}
# list all files contained in a specific package
tlmgr info {{package_name}} --list
# list all installed packages
tlmgr info --only-installed
# show only specific information about a package
tlmgr info {{package_name}} --data "{{name}},{{category}},{{installed}},{{size}},{{depends}},..."
# print all available packages as json encoded array
tlmgr info --json
# enable asynchronous scrolling
cmatrix -a
# display red text
cmatrix -C {{red}}
# enable rainbow mode
cmatrix -r
# set screen update delay to 2 centiseconds (20 milliseconds)
cmatrix -u {{2}}
# start a singlenode etcd cluster
etcd
# start a singlenode etcd cluster, listening for client requests on a custom url
etcd --advertise-client-urls {{http://127.0.0.1:1234}} --listen-client-urls {{http://127.0.0.1:1234}}
# start a singlenode etcd cluster with a custom name
etcd --name {{my_etcd_cluster}}
# start a singlenode etcd cluster with extensive metrics available at http//localhost2379/debug/pprof/
etcd --enable-pprof --metrics extensive
# print the specified number of words
lorem -n {{20}}
# print 10 lines of goethe's faust
lorem -l {{10}} --faust
# print 5 sentences of poe's raven
lorem -s {{5}} --raven
# print 40 random characters from boccaccio's decameron
lorem --randomize -c {{40}} --decamerone
# run tasks in playbook
ansible-playbook {{playbook}}
# run tasks in playbook with custom host inventory
ansible-playbook {{playbook}} -i {{inventory_file}}
# run tasks in playbook with extra variables defined via the commandline
ansible-playbook {{playbook}} -e "{{variable1}}={{value1}} {{variable2}}={{value2}}"
# run tasks in playbook with extra variables defined in a json file
ansible-playbook {{playbook}} -e "@{{variables.json}}"
# run tasks in playbook for the given tags
ansible-playbook {{playbook}} --tags {{tag1,tag2}}
# run tasks in a playbook starting at a specific task
ansible-playbook {{playbook}} --start-at {{task_name}}
# print the file name of this terminal
tty
# call `echo` with the "foo" argument
eval "{{echo foo}}"
# set a variable in the current shell
eval "{{foo=bar}}"
# start listening on a specific port
rc -lp {{port}}
# start a reverse shell
rc {{host}} {{port}} -r {{shell}}
# print file with author name and commit hash on each line
git blame {{file}}
# print file with author email and commit hash on each line
git blame -e {{file}}
# generate a random password (8 to 10 characters long, containing letters and numbers)
makepasswd
# generate a 10 characters long password
makepasswd --chars {{10}}
# generate a 5 to 10 characters long password
makepasswd --minchars {{5}} --maxchars {{10}}
# generate a password containing only the characters "b", "a" or "r"
makepasswd --string {{bar}}
# create a new gist from a spaceseparated list of files
gh gist create {{path/to/files}}
# create a new gist with a description
gh gist create {{filename}} --desc "{{description}}"
# edit a gist
gh gist edit {{id_or_url}}
# list gists owned by the currently logged in user
gh gist list --limit {{int}}
# view a gist in the default browser without rendering markdown
gh gist view {{id_or_url}} --web --raw
# build the first project file in the current directory
msbuild
# build a specific project file
msbuild {{path/to/project_file}}
# set one or more semicolonseparated targets to build
msbuild {{path/to/project_file}} /target:{{targets}}
# set one or more semicolonseparated properties
msbuild {{path/to/project_file}} /property:{{name=value}}
# set the build tools version to use
msbuild {{path/to/project_file}} /toolsversion:{{version}}
# display detailed information at the end of the log about how the project was configured
msbuild {{path/to/project_file}} /detailedsummary
# display detailed help information
msbuild /help
# start an interactive shell session
xonsh
# execute a single command and then exit
xonsh -c "{{command}}"
# run commands from a script file and then exit
xonsh {{path/to/script_file.xonsh}}
# define environment variables for the shell process
xonsh -D{{name1}}={{value1}} -D{{name2}}={{value2}}
# load the specified `.xonsh` or `.json` configuration files
xonsh --rc {{path/to/file1.xonsh}} {{path/to/file2.json}}
# skip loading the `.xonshrc` configuration file
xonsh --no-rc
# search a disk for bad blocks by using a nondestructive readonly test
sudo badblocks {{/dev/sdX}}
# search an unmounted disk for bad blocks with a nondestructive readwrite test
sudo badblocks -n {{/dev/sdX}}
# search an unmounted disk for bad blocks with a destructive write test
sudo badblocks -w {{/dev/sdX}}
# search an unmounted disk for bad blocks with a destructive write test and show verbose status
sudo badblocks -svw {{/dev/sdX}}
# search an unmounted disk in destructive mode and output found blocks to a file
sudo badblocks -o {{path/to/file}} -w {{/dev/sdX}}
# search an unmounted disk in destructive mode with improved speed using 4k block size and 64k block count
sudo badblocks -w -b {{4096}} -c {{65536}} {{/dev/sdX}}
# add a specified package to `go.mod` in modulemode or install the package in gopathmode
go get {{example.com/pkg}}
# modify the package with a given version in moduleaware mode
go get {{example.com/pkg}}@{{v1.2.3}}
# remove a specified package
go get {{example.com/pkg}}@{{none}}
# return a list of installed fonts in your system
fc-list
# return a list of installed fonts with given name
fc-list | grep '{{DejaVu Serif}}'
# return the number of installed fonts in your system
fc-list | wc -l
# register your api token
spark register {{token}}
# display the currently registered api token
spark token
# create a new spark project
spark new {{project_name}}
# create a new spark project with braintree stubs
spark new {{project_name}} --braintree
# create a new spark project with teambased billing stubs
spark new {{project_name}} --team-billing
# print information about the operating system, shell, php, and wpcli (`wp`) installation
wp --info
# update wpcli
wp cli update
# download a fresh wordpress installation to current directory, optionally specifying the locale
wp core download --locale={{locale}}
# create basic `wpconfig` file (assuming database on `localhost`)
wp config create --dbname={{dbname}} --dbuser={{dbuser}} --dbpass={{dbpass}}
# install and activate a wordpress plugin
wp plugin install {{plugin}} --activate
# replace all instances of a string in the database
wp search-replace {{old_string}} {{new_string}}
# import the contents of a wordpress extended rss (wxr) file
wp import {{path/to/file.xml}}
# create random passwords (default password length is 8)
apg
# create a password with at least 1 symbol (s), 1 number (n), 1 uppercase (c), 1 lowercase (l)
apg -M SNCL
# create a password with 16 characters
apg -m {{16}}
# create a password with maximum length of 16
apg -x {{16}}
# create a password that doesn't appear in a dictionary (the dictionary file has to be provided)
apg -r {{dictionary_file}}
# open a specific directory
phpstorm {{path/to/directory}}
# open a file
phpstorm {{path/to/file}}
# open a file at a specific line
phpstorm --line {{line_number}} {{path/to/file}}
# view the differences between two files
phpstorm diff {{path/to/left_file}} {{path/to/right_file}}
# compile a pdf document
xetex {{source.tex}}
# compile a pdf document, specifying an output directory
xetex -output-directory={{path/to/directory}} {{source.tex}}
# compile a pdf document, exiting if errors occur
xetex -halt-on-error {{source.tex}}
# add a file from local to the filesystem, pin it and print the relative hash
ipfs add {{filename}}
# add a directory and its files recursively from local to the filesystem and print the relative hash
ipfs add -r {{directory}}
# save a remote file and give it a name but not pin it
ipfs get {{hash}} -o {{filename}}
# pin a remote file locally
ipfs pin add {{hash}}
# display pinned files
ipfs pin ls
# unpin a file from the local storage
ipfs pin rm {{hash}}
# remove unpinned files from local storage
ipfs repo gc
# start emacs and open a file
emacs {{path/to/file}}
# open a file at a specified line number
emacs +{{line_number}} {{path/to/file}}
# start emacs in console mode (without an x window)
emacs --no-window-system
# start an emacs server in the background (accessible via `emacsclient`)
emacs --daemon
# stop a running emacs server and all its instances, asking for confirmation on unsaved files
emacsclient --eval '(save-buffers-kill-emacs)'
# save a file in emacs
Ctrl + X, Ctrl + S
# quit emacs
Ctrl + X, Ctrl + C
# open an svg file in the inkscape gui
inkscape {{filename.svg}}
# export an svg file into a bitmap with the default format (png) and the default resolution (96 dpi)
inkscape {{filename.svg}} -o {{filename.png}}
# export an svg file into a bitmap of 600x400 pixels (aspect ratio distortion may occur)
inkscape {{filename.svg}} -o {{filename.png}} -w {{600}} -h {{400}}
# export the drawing (bounding box of all objects) of an svg file into a bitmap
inkscape {{filename.svg}} -o {{filename.png}} -D
# export a single object, given its id, into a bitmap
inkscape {{filename.svg}} -i {{id}} -o {{object.png}}
# export an svg document to pdf, converting all texts to paths
inkscape {{filename.svg}} -o {{filename.pdf}} --export-text-to-path
# duplicate the object with id="path123", rotate the duplicate 90 degrees, save the file, and quit inkscape
inkscape {{filename.svg}} --select=path123 --verb="{{EditDuplicate;ObjectRotate90;FileSave;FileQuit}}"
# launch firefox and open a web page
firefox {{https://www.duckduckgo.com}}
# open a new window
firefox --new-window {{https://www.duckduckgo.com}}
# open a private (incognito) window
firefox --private-window
# search for "wikipedia" using the default search engine
firefox --search "{{wikipedia}}"
# launch firefox in safe mode, with all extensions disabled
firefox --safe-mode
# take a screenshot of a web page in headless mode
firefox --headless --screenshot {{path/to/output_file.png}} {{https://example.com/}}
# use a specific profile to allow multiple separate instances of firefox to run at once
firefox --profile {{path/to/directory}} {{https://example.com/}}
# set firefox as the default browser
firefox --setDefaultBrowser
# package and compress files and directories [r]ecursively
zip -r {{compressed.zip}} {{path/to/file}} {{path/to/directory1}} {{path/to/directory2}}
# e[x]clude unwanted files from being added to the compressed archive
zip -r {{compressed.zip}} {{path/to/directory}} -x {{path/to/exclude}}
# archive a directory and its contents with the highest level [9] of compression
zip -r -{{9}} {{compressed.zip}} {{path/to/directory}}
# create an encrypted archive (user will be prompted for a password)
zip -e -r {{compressed.zip}} {{path/to/directory}}
# add files to an existing zip file
zip {{compressed.zip}} {{path/to/file}}
# delete files from an existing zip file
zip -d {{compressed.zip}} "{{foo/*.tmp}}"
# archive a directory and its contents to a multipart [s]plit zip file (e.g. 3 gb parts)
zip -r -s {{3g}} {{compressed.zip}} {{path/to/directory}}
# list files within a specified archive (without extracting them)
zip -sf {{compressed.zip}}
# make a backup of one or more packages
tlmgr backup {{package1 package2 ...}}
# make a backup of all packages
tlmgr backup --all
# make a backup to a specific directory
tlmgr backup {{package}} --backupdir {{path/to/backup_directory}}
# remove a backup of one or more packages
tlmgr backup clean {{package1 package2 ...}}
# remove all backups
tlmgr backup clean --all
# start redis server, using the default port (6379), and write logs to stdout
redis-server
# start redis server, using the default port, as a background process
redis-server --daemonize yes
# start redis server, using the specified port, as a background process
redis-server --port {{port}} --daemonize yes
# start redis server with a custom configuration file
redis-server {{path/to/redis.conf}}
# start redis server with verbose logging
redis-server --loglevel {{warning|notice|verbose|debug}}
# make a directed graph acyclic by reversing some edges
acyclic {{path/to/input.gv}} > {{path/to/output.gv}}
# print if a graph is acyclic, has a cycle, or is undirected, producing no output graph
acyclic -v -n {{path/to/input.gv}}
# display help for `acyclic`
acyclic -?
# only run tests containing a specific string in their names
cargo test {{testname}}
# set the number of simultaneous running test cases
cargo test -- --test-threads={{count}}
# require that `cargo.lock` is up to date
cargo test --locked
# test artifacts in release mode, with optimizations
cargo test --release
# test all packages in the workspace
cargo test --workspace
# run tests for a package
cargo test --package {{package}}
# run an app in a temporary virtual environment
pipx run {{pycowsay}} {{moo}}
# install a package in a virtual environment and add entry points to path
pipx install {{package}}
# list installed packages
pipx list
# run an app in a temporary virtual environment with a package name different from the executable
pipx run --spec {{httpx-cli}} {{httpx}} {{http://www.github.com}}
# send mail (the content should be typed after the command, and ended with `ctrl+d`)
mailx -s "{{subject}}" {{to_addr}}
# send mail with content passed from another command
echo "{{content}}" | mailx -s "{{subject}}" {{to_addr}}
# send mail with content read from a file
mailx -s "{{subject}}" {{to_addr}} < {{content.txt}}
# send mail to a recipient and cc to another address
mailx -s "{{subject}}" -c {{cc_addr}} {{to_addr}}
# send mail specifying the sender address
mailx -s "{{subject}}" -r {{from_addr}} {{to_addr}}
# send mail with an attachment
mailx -a {{file}} -s "{{subject}}" {{to_addr}}
# list all virtualbox virtual machines
VBoxManage list vms
# show information about a particular virtual machine
VBoxManage showvminfo {{name|uuid}}
# start a virtual machine
VBoxManage startvm {{name|uuid}}
# start a virtual machine in headless mode
VBoxManage startvm {{name|uuid}} -type headless
# shutdown the virtual machine and save its current state
VBoxManage controlvm {{name|uuid}} savestate
# shutdown down the virtual machine without saving its state
VBoxManage controlvm {{name|uuid}} poweroff
# update vbox extension packs
VBoxManage extpack install --replace {{VboxExtensionPackFileName}}
# change the standard input buffer size to 512 kib
stdbuf --input={{512K}} {{command}}
# change the standard output buffer to linebuffered
stdbuf --output={{L}} {{command}}
# change the standard error buffer to unbuffered
stdbuf --error={{0}} {{command}}
# display the file header information
objdump -f {{binary}}
# display the disassembled output of executable sections
objdump -d {{binary}}
# display a complete binary hex dump of all sections
objdump -s {{binary}}
# print lines of code in the current directory
loc
# print lines of code in the target directory
loc {{path/to/directory}}
# print lines of code with stats for individual files
loc --files
# print lines of code without .gitignore (etc.) files (e.g. two u flags will additionally count hidden files and dirs)
loc -u
# calculate contributions for the current git repository
git fame
# exclude files/directories that match the specified regular expression
git fame --excl "{{regular_expression}}"
# calculate contributions made after the specified date
git fame --since "{{3 weeks ago|2021-05-13}}"
# display contributions in the specified format
git fame --format {{pipe|yaml|json|csv|tsv}}
# display contributions per file extension
git fame --bytype
# ignore whitespace changes
git fame --ignore-whitespace
# detect interfile line moves and copies
git fame -C
# detect intrafile line moves and copies
git fame -M
# compress a file into a new file with the `.zst` suffix
zstd {{file}}
# decompress a file
zstd -d {{file}}.zst
# decompress to stdout
zstd -dc {{file}}.zst
# compress a file specifying the compression level, where 1=fastest, 19=slowest and 3=default
zstd -{{level}} {{file}}
# unlock higher compression levels (up to 22) using more memory (both for compression and decompression)
zstd --ultra -{{level}} {{file}}
# start a repl (interactive shell)
swift
# execute a program
swift {{file.swift}}
# start a new project with the package manager
swift package init
# generate an xcode project file
swift package generate-xcodeproj
# update dependencies
swift package update
# compile project for release
swift build -c release
# run all available tests
jest
# run the test suites from the given files
jest {{path/to/file1}} {{path/to/file2}}
# run the test suites from files within the current and subdirectories, whose paths match the given regular expression
jest {{regular_expression1}} {{regular_expression2}}
# run the tests whose names match the given regular expression
jest --testNamePattern {{regular_expression}}
# run test suites related to a given source file
jest --findRelatedTests {{path/to/source_file.js}}
# run test suites related to all uncommitted files
jest --onlyChanged
# watch files for changes and automatically rerun related tests
jest --watch
# show help
jest --help
# show status of all jobs
jobs
# show status of a particular job
jobs %{{job_id}}
# show status and process ids of all jobs
jobs -l
# show process ids of all jobs
jobs -p
# install a package, automatically installing dependencies
raco pkg install --auto {{package_source}}
# install the current directory as a package
raco pkg install
# build (or rebuild) bytecode, documentation, executables, and metadata indexes for collections
raco setup {{collection1 collection2 ...}}
# run tests in files
raco test {{path/to/tests1.rkt path/to/tests2.rkt ...}}
# search local documentation
raco docs {{search_terms ...}}
# display help
raco help
# archive 1 or more files
rar a {{path/to/archive_name.rar}} {{path/to/file1}} {{path/to/file2}} {{path/to/file3}}
# archive a directory
rar a {{path/to/archive_name.rar}} {{path/to/directory}}
# split the archive into parts of equal size (50m)
rar a -v{{50M}} -R {{path/to/archive_name.rar}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# password protect the resulting archive
rar a -p{{password}} {{path/to/archive_name.rar}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# encrypt file data and headers with password
rar a -hp{{password}} {{path/to/archive_name.rar}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# use a specific compression level (05)
rar a -m{{compression_level}} {{path/to/archive_name.rar}} {{path/to/file_or_directory}}
# compile the project or solution in the current directory
dotnet build
# compile a .net project or solution in debug mode
dotnet build {{path/to/project_or_solution}}
# compile in release mode
dotnet build --configuration {{Release}}
# compile without restoring dependencies
dotnet build --no-restore
# compile with a specific verbosity level
dotnet build --verbosity {{quiet|minimal|normal|detailed|diagnostic}}
# compile for a specific runtime
dotnet build --runtime {{runtime_identifier}}
# specify the output directory
dotnet build --output {{path/to/directory}}
# list files one per line
exa --oneline
# list all files, including hidden files
exa --all
# long format list (permissions, ownership, size and modification date) of all files
exa --long --all
# list files with the largest at the top
exa --reverse --sort={{size}}
# display a tree of files, three levels deep
exa --long --tree --level={{3}}
# list files sorted by modification date (oldest first)
exa --long --sort={{modified}}
# list files with their headers, icons, and git statuses
exa --long --header --icons --git
# don't list files mentioned in `.gitignore`
exa --git-ignore
# print a file to the default printer
lpr {{path/to/file}}
# print 2 copies
lpr -# {{2}} {{path/to/file}}
# print to a named printer
lpr -P {{printer}} {{path/to/file}}
# print either a single page (e.g. 2) or a range of pages (e.g. 2–16)
lpr -o page-ranges={{2|2-16}} {{path/to/file}}
# print doublesided either in portrait (long) or in landscape (short)
lpr -o sides={{two_sided_long_edge|two_sided_short_edge}} {{path/to/file}}
# set page size (more options may be available depending on setup)
lpr -o media={{a4|letter|legal}} {{path/to/file}}
# print multiple pages per sheet
lpr -o number-up={{2|4|6|9|16}} {{path/to/file}}
# start a repl (interactive shell)
ipython
# enter an interactive ipython session after running a python script
ipython -i {{script.py}}
# create default ipython profile
ipython profile create
# print the path to the directory for the default ipython profile
ipython locate profile
# clear the ipython history database, deleting all entries
ipython history clear
# start a repl session either with the project or standalone
boot repl
# build a single `uberjar`
boot jar
# learn about a command
boot cljs --help
# generate scaffolding for a new project based on a template
boot --dependencies boot/new new --template {{template_name}} --name {{project_name}}
# build for development (if using the boot/new template)
boot dev
# build for production (if using the boot/new template)
boot prod
# evaluate contents of a given file
source {{path/to/file}}
# extract pages 13, 5 and 610 from a pdf file and save them as another one
pdftk {{input.pdf}} cat {{1-3 5 6-10}} output {{output.pdf}}
# merge (concatenate) a list of pdf files and save the result as another one
pdftk {{file1.pdf file2.pdf ...}} cat output {{output.pdf}}
# split each page of a pdf file into a separate file, with a given filename output pattern
pdftk {{input.pdf}} burst output {{out_%d.pdf}}
# rotate all pages by 180 degrees clockwise
pdftk {{input.pdf}} cat {{1-endsouth}} output {{output.pdf}}
# rotate third page by 90 degrees clockwise and leave others unchanged
pdftk {{input.pdf}} cat {{1-2 3east 4-end}} output {{output.pdf}}
# list available service names
qdbus
# list object paths for a specific service
qdbus {{service_name}}
# list methods, signals and properties available on a specific object
qdbus {{service_name}} {{/path/to/object}}
# execute a specific method passing arguments and display the returned value
qdbus {{service_name}} {{/path/to/object}} {{method_name}} {{argument1}} {{argument2}}
# display the current brightness value in a kde plasma session
qdbus {{org.kde.Solid.PowerManagement}} {{/org/kde/Solid/PowerManagement/Actions/BrightnessControl}} {{org.kde.Solid.PowerManagement.Actions.BrightnessControl.brightness}}
# set a specific brightness to a kde plasma session
qdbus {{org.kde.Solid.PowerManagement}} {{/org/kde/Solid/PowerManagement/Actions/BrightnessControl}} {{org.kde.Solid.PowerManagement.Actions.BrightnessControl.setBrightness}} {{5000}}
# invoke volume up shortcut in a kde plasma session
qdbus {{org.kde.kglobalaccel}} {{/component/kmix}} {{invokeShortcut}} "{{increase_volume}}"
# display help
qdbus --help
# show the status of the prosody server
sudo prosodyctl status
# reload the server's configuration files
sudo prosodyctl reload
# add a user to the prosody xmpp server
sudo prosodyctl adduser {{user@example.com}}
# set a user's password
sudo prosodyctl passwd {{user@example.com}}
# permanently delete a user
sudo prosodyctl deluser {{user@example.com}}
# open in the default system editor
fc
# specify an editor to open with
fc -e {{'emacs'}}
# list recent commands from history
fc -l
# check out a specific pull request
git pr {{pr_number}}
# check out a pull request for a specific remote
git pr {{pr_number}} {{remote}}
# check out a pull request from its url
git pr {{url}}
# clean up old pull request branches
git pr clean
# take a picture
fswebcam {{filename}}
# take a picture with custom resolution
fswebcam -r {{width}}x{{height}} {{filename}}
# take a picture from selected device(default is `/dev/video0`)
fswebcam -d {{device}} {{filename}}
# take a picture with timestamp(timestamp string is formatted by strftime)
fswebcam --timestamp {{timestamp}} {{filename}}
# display an annotated skeleton configuration xml file
phpdox --skel
# generate documentation for the current working directory
phpdox
# generate documentation using a specific configuration file
phpdox --file {{path/to/phpdox.xml}}
# only run the metadata collection process
phpdox --collector
# only run the documentation generator process
phpdox --generator
# list files contained in an apk archive
aapt list {{path/to/app.apk}}
# display an app's metadata (version, permissions, etc.)
aapt dump badging {{path/to/app.apk}}
# create a new apk archive with files from the specified directory
aapt package -F {{path/to/app.apk}} {{path/to/directory}}
# search for packages
nimble search {{search_string}}
# install a package
nimble install {{package_name}}
# list installed packages
nimble list -i
# create a new nimble package in the current directory
nimble init
# build a nimble package
nimble build
# install a nimble package
nimble install
# show all mounted filesystems
mount
# mount a device to a directory
mount -t {{filesystem_type}} {{path/to/device_file}} {{path/to/target_directory}}
# mount a cdrom device (with the filetype iso9660) to `/cdrom` (readonly)
mount -t {{iso9660}} -o ro {{/dev/cdrom}} {{/cdrom}}
# mount all the filesystem defined in `/etc/fstab`
mount -a
# mount a specific filesystem described in `/etc/fstab` (e.g. `/dev/sda1 /my_drive ext2 defaults 0 2`)
mount {{/my_drive}}
# mount a directory to another directory
mount --bind {{path/to/old_dir}} {{path/to/new_dir}}
# log in with interactive prompt
gh auth login
# log in with a token from standard input (created in https//github.com/settings/tokens)
echo {{your_token}} | gh auth login --with-token
# check if you are logged in
gh auth status
# log out
gh auth logout
# log in with a specific github enterprise server
gh auth login --hostname {{github.example.com}}
# refresh the session to ensure authentication credentials have the correct minimum scopes (removes additional scopes requested previously)
gh auth refresh
# expand the permission scopes
gh auth refresh --scopes {{write:org,read:public_key}}
# convert a pdf file to jpeg
pdftocairo {{path/to/file.pdf}} -jpeg
# convert to pdf expanding the output to fill the paper
pdftocairo {{path/to/file.pdf}} {{output.pdf}} -pdf -expand
# convert to svg specifying the first/last page to convert
pdftocairo {{path/to/file.pdf}} {{output.svg}} -svg -f {{first_page}} -l {{last_page}}
# convert to png with 200ppi resolution
pdftocairo {{path/to/file.pdf}} {{output.png}} -png -r 200
# convert to grayscale tiff setting paper size to a3
pdftocairo {{path/to/file.pdf}} -tiff -gray -paper A3
# convert to png cropping x and y pixels from the topleft corner
pdftocairo {{path/to/file.pdf}} -png -x {{x_pixels}} -y {{y_pixels}}
# synchronize imap account between host1 and host2
imapsync --host1 {{host1}} --user1 {{user1}} --password1 {{secret1}} --host2 {{host2}} --user2 {{user2}} --password2 {{secret2}}
# log in to the perforce service
p4 login -a
# create a client
p4 client
# copy files from depot into the client workspace
p4 sync
# create or edit changelist description
p4 change
# open a file to edit
p4 edit -c {{changelist_number}} {{filename}}
# open a new file to add it to the depot
p4 add
# display list of files modified by changelist
p4 describe -c {{changelist_number}}
# submit a changelist to the depot
p4 submit -c {{changelist_number}}
# check if a specific package name is available in the npm registry
npm-name {{package}}
# find similar package names in the npm registry
npm-name --similar {{package}}
# jump to a directory that contains the given pattern
j {{pattern}}
# jump to a subdirectory (child) of the current directory that contains the given pattern
jc {{pattern}}
# open a directory that contains the given pattern in the operating system file manager
jo {{pattern}}
# remove nonexisting directories from the autojump database
j --purge
# show the entries in the autojump database
j -s
# change xdg's desktop directory to the specified directory (must be absolute)
xdg-user-dirs-update --set DESKTOP "{{path/to/directory}}"
# write the result to the specified dryrunfile instead of the `userdirs.dirs` file
xdg-user-dirs-update --dummy-output "{{path/to/dry_run_file}}" --set {{xdg_user_directory}} "{{path/to/directory}}"
# display general information about a binary (architecture, type, endianness)
rabin2 -I {{path/to/binary}}
# display linked libraries
rabin2 -l {{path/to/binary}}
# display symbols imported from libraries
rabin2 -i {{path/to/binary}}
# display strings contained in the binary
rabin2 -z {{path/to/binary}}
# display the output in json
rabin2 -j -I {{path/to/binary}}
# convert an stl file to a gts file
stl2gts < {{path/to/file.stl}} > {{path/to/file.gts}}