Repository: python-scim/scim2-models

Issue:
Cannot replace group members
GroupMember.ref and GroupMember.value are marked as `immutable` so their values are not dropped during model_dump:

```python
>>> group = Group(display_name="foo", members=GroupMember(value="memberid", ref="https://member.test"))
>>> group.model_dump(scim_ctx=Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST)
{'schemas': ['urn:ietf:params:scim:schemas:core:2.0:Group'], 'displayName': 'foo', 'members': [{}]}
```

Discussion:

Patch:
diff --git a/doc/changelog.rst b/doc/changelog.rst
index 386e7d6..1286e9b 100644
--- a/doc/changelog.rst
+++ b/doc/changelog.rst
@@ -1,14 +1,28 @@
 Changelog
 =========
 
+[0.3.0] - Unreleased
+--------------------
+
+Changed
+^^^^^^^
+- Add a :paramref:`~scim2_models.BaseModel.model_validate.original`
+  parameter to :meth:`~scim2_models.BaseModel.model_validate`
+  mandatory for :attr:`~scim2_models.Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST`.
+  This *original* value is used to look if :attr:`~scim2_models.Mutability.immutable`
+  parameters have mutated.
+  :issue:`86`
+
 [0.2.12] - 2024-12-09
 ---------------------
+
 Added
 ^^^^^
 - Implement :meth:`Attribute.get_attribute <scim2_models.Attribute.get_attribute>`.
 
 [0.2.11] - 2024-12-08
 ---------------------
+
 Added
 ^^^^^
 - Implement :meth:`Schema.get_attribute <scim2_models.Schema.get_attribute>`.
diff --git a/doc/conf.py b/doc/conf.py
index e53f700..db49ad4 100644
--- a/doc/conf.py
+++ b/doc/conf.py
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ extensions = [
     "sphinx.ext.viewcode",
     "sphinxcontrib.autodoc_pydantic",
     "sphinx_issues",
+    "sphinx_paramlinks",
     "sphinx_togglebutton",
     "myst_parser",
 ]
diff --git a/doc/tutorial.rst b/doc/tutorial.rst
index 8efcaa2..49d8e6e 100644
--- a/doc/tutorial.rst
+++ b/doc/tutorial.rst
@@ -102,6 +102,13 @@ fields with unexpected values will raise :class:`~pydantic.ValidationError`:
     ... except pydantic.ValidationError:
     ...    obj = Error(...)
 
+.. note::
+
+   With the :attr:`~scim2_models.Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST` context,
+   :meth:`~scim2_models.BaseModel.model_validate` takes an additional
+   :paramref:`~scim2_models.BaseModel.model_validate.original` argument that is used to compare
+   :attr:`~scim2_models.Mutability.immutable` attributes, and raise an exception when they have mutated.
+
 Attributes inclusions and exclusions
 ====================================
 
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index b21387a..a6c1023 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ doc = [
     "autodoc-pydantic>=2.2.0",
     "myst-parser>=3.0.1",
     "shibuya>=2024.5.15",
+    "sphinx-paramlinks>=0.6.0",
     "sphinx>=7.3.7",
     "sphinx-issues >= 5.0.0",
     "sphinx-togglebutton>=0.3.2",
diff --git a/scim2_models/base.py b/scim2_models/base.py
index 426484b..ffff680 100644
--- a/scim2_models/base.py
+++ b/scim2_models/base.py
@@ -233,9 +233,9 @@ class Context(Enum):
     Should be used for clients building a payload for a resource replacement request,
     and servers validating resource replacement request payloads.
 
-    - When used for serialization, it will not dump attributes annotated with :attr:`~scim2_models.Mutability.read_only` and :attr:`~scim2_models.Mutability.immutable`.
+    - When used for serialization, it will not dump attributes annotated with :attr:`~scim2_models.Mutability.read_only`.
     - When used for validation, it will ignore attributes annotated with :attr:`scim2_models.Mutability.read_only` and raise a :class:`~pydantic.ValidationError`:
-        - when finding attributes annotated with :attr:`~scim2_models.Mutability.immutable`,
+        - when finding attributes annotated with :attr:`~scim2_models.Mutability.immutable` different than :paramref:`~scim2_models.BaseModel.model_validate.original`:
         - when attributes annotated with :attr:`Required.true <scim2_models.Required.true>` are missing on null.
     """
 
@@ -492,12 +492,6 @@ class BaseModel(PydanticBaseModel):
         ):
             raise exc
 
-        if (
-            context == Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST
-            and mutability == Mutability.immutable
-        ):
-            raise exc
-
         if (
             context
             in (Context.RESOURCE_CREATION_REQUEST, Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST)
@@ -604,8 +598,55 @@ class BaseModel(PydanticBaseModel):
 
         return value
 
+    @model_validator(mode="wrap")
+    @classmethod
+    def check_replacement_request_mutability(
+        cls, value: Any, handler: ValidatorFunctionWrapHandler, info: ValidationInfo
+    ) -> Self:
+        """Check if 'immutable' attributes have been mutated in replacement requests."""
+        from scim2_models.rfc7643.resource import Resource
+
+        value = handler(value)
+
+        context = info.context.get("scim") if info.context else None
+        original = info.context.get("original") if info.context else None
+        if (
+            context == Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST
+            and issubclass(cls, Resource)
+            and original is not None
+        ):
+            cls.check_mutability_issues(original, value)
+        return value
+
+    @classmethod
+    def check_mutability_issues(cls, original: "BaseModel", replacement: "BaseModel"):
+        """Compare two instances, and check for differences of values on the fields marked as immutable."""
+        model = replacement.__class__
+        for field_name in model.model_fields:
+            mutability = model.get_field_annotation(field_name, Mutability)
+            if mutability == Mutability.immutable and getattr(
+                original, field_name
+            ) != getattr(replacement, field_name):
+                raise PydanticCustomError(
+                    "mutability_error",
+                    "Field '{field_name}' is immutable but the request value is different than the original value.",
+                    {"field_name": field_name},
+                )
+
+            attr_type = model.get_field_root_type(field_name)
+            if is_complex_attribute(attr_type) and not model.get_field_multiplicity(
+                field_name
+            ):
+                original_val = getattr(original, field_name)
+                replacement_value = getattr(replacement, field_name)
+                if original_val is not None and replacement_value is not None:
+                    cls.check_mutability_issues(original_val, replacement_value)
+
     def mark_with_schema(self):
-        """Navigate through attributes and sub-attributes of type ComplexAttribute, and mark them with a '_schema' attribute. '_schema' will later be used by 'get_attribute_urn'."""
+        """Navigate through attributes and sub-attributes of type ComplexAttribute, and mark them with a '_schema' attribute.
+
+        '_schema' will later be used by 'get_attribute_urn'.
+        """
         from scim2_models.rfc7643.resource import Resource
 
         for field_name in self.model_fields:
@@ -653,7 +694,8 @@ class BaseModel(PydanticBaseModel):
         scim_ctx = info.context.get("scim") if info.context else None
 
         if (
-            scim_ctx == Context.RESOURCE_CREATION_REQUEST
+            scim_ctx
+            in (Context.RESOURCE_CREATION_REQUEST, Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST)
             and mutability == Mutability.read_only
         ):
             return None
@@ -668,12 +710,6 @@ class BaseModel(PydanticBaseModel):
         ):
             return None
 
-        if scim_ctx == Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST and mutability in (
-            Mutability.immutable,
-            Mutability.read_only,
-        ):
-            return None
-
         return value
 
     def scim_response_serializer(self, value: Any, info: SerializationInfo) -> Any:
@@ -719,10 +755,28 @@ class BaseModel(PydanticBaseModel):
 
     @classmethod
     def model_validate(
-        cls, *args, scim_ctx: Optional[Context] = Context.DEFAULT, **kwargs
+        cls,
+        *args,
+        scim_ctx: Optional[Context] = Context.DEFAULT,
+        original: Optional["BaseModel"] = None,
+        **kwargs,
     ) -> Self:
-        """Validate SCIM payloads and generate model representation by using Pydantic :code:`BaseModel.model_validate`."""
-        kwargs.setdefault("context", {}).setdefault("scim", scim_ctx)
+        """Validate SCIM payloads and generate model representation by using Pydantic :code:`BaseModel.model_validate`.
+
+        :param scim_ctx: The SCIM :class:`~scim2_models.Context` in which the validation happens.
+        :param original: If this parameter is set during :attr:`~Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST`,
+            :attr:`~scim2_models.Mutability.immutable` parameters will be compared against the *original* model value.
+            An exception is raised if values are different.
+        """
+        context = kwargs.setdefault("context", {})
+        context.setdefault("scim", scim_ctx)
+        context.setdefault("original", original)
+
+        if scim_ctx == Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST and original is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Resource queries replacement validation must compare to an original resource"
+            )
+
         return super().model_validate(*args, **kwargs)
 
     def _prepare_model_dump(
diff --git a/uv.lock b/uv.lock
index d1caf89..98bed61 100644
--- a/uv.lock
+++ b/uv.lock
@@ -873,6 +873,7 @@ doc = [
     { name = "shibuya" },
     { name = "sphinx" },
     { name = "sphinx-issues" },
+    { name = "sphinx-paramlinks" },
     { name = "sphinx-togglebutton" },
 ]
 
@@ -893,6 +894,7 @@ doc = [
     { name = "shibuya", specifier = ">=2024.5.15" },
     { name = "sphinx", specifier = ">=7.3.7" },
     { name = "sphinx-issues", specifier = ">=5.0.0" },
+    { name = "sphinx-paramlinks", specifier = ">=0.6.0" },
     { name = "sphinx-togglebutton", specifier = ">=0.3.2" },
 ]
 
@@ -967,6 +969,16 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1d/14/a1b38212db8d327f53f2f56f0ed81c8b80ee2c2160e8819069c0d329d0a9/sphinx_issues-5.0.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:d80704a01c8af3d76586771a67a9e48f2d1a6091a0377458c49908460a6a31ea", size = 8063 },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "sphinx-paramlinks"
+version = "0.6.0"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+dependencies = [
+    { name = "docutils" },
+    { name = "sphinx" },
+]
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ae/21/62d3a58ff7bd02bbb9245a63d1f0d2e0455522a11a78951d16088569fca8/sphinx-paramlinks-0.6.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:746a0816860aa3fff5d8d746efcbec4deead421f152687411db1d613d29f915e", size = 12363 }
+
 [[package]]
 name = "sphinx-togglebutton"
 version = "0.3.2"


Test patch:
diff --git a/tests/test_model_serialization.py b/tests/test_model_serialization.py
index d3572fb..458acae 100644
--- a/tests/test_model_serialization.py
+++ b/tests/test_model_serialization.py
@@ -151,6 +151,7 @@ def test_dump_replacement_request(mut_resource):
         "schemas": ["org:example:MutResource"],
         "readWrite": "x",
         "writeOnly": "x",
+        "immutable": "x",
     }
 
 
diff --git a/tests/test_model_validation.py b/tests/test_model_validation.py
index d54a7e8..62bdc76 100644
--- a/tests/test_model_validation.py
+++ b/tests/test_model_validation.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ from typing import Optional
 import pytest
 from pydantic import ValidationError
 
+from scim2_models.base import ComplexAttribute
 from scim2_models.base import Context
 from scim2_models.base import Mutability
 from scim2_models.base import Required
@@ -144,31 +145,113 @@ def test_validate_replacement_request_mutability():
     """Test query validation for resource model replacement requests.
 
     Attributes marked as:
-    - Mutability.immutable raise a ValidationError
+    - Mutability.immutable raise a ValidationError if different than the 'original' item.
     - Mutability.read_only are ignored
     """
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError,
+        match="Resource queries replacement validation must compare to an original resource",
+    ):
+        MutResource.model_validate(
+            {
+                "readOnly": "x",
+                "readWrite": "x",
+                "writeOnly": "x",
+            },
+            scim_ctx=Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST,
+        )
+
+    original = MutResource(read_only="y", read_write="y", write_only="y", immutable="y")
     assert MutResource.model_validate(
         {
             "readOnly": "x",
             "readWrite": "x",
             "writeOnly": "x",
+            "immutable": "y",
         },
         scim_ctx=Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST,
+        original=original,
     ) == MutResource(
         schemas=["org:example:MutResource"],
         readWrite="x",
         writeOnly="x",
+        immutable="y",
+    )
+
+    MutResource.model_validate(
+        {
+            "immutable": "y",
+        },
+        scim_ctx=Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST,
+        original=original,
     )
 
     with pytest.raises(
         ValidationError,
-        match="Field 'immutable' has mutability 'immutable' but this in not valid in resource replacement request context",
+        match="Field 'immutable' is immutable but the request value is different than the original value.",
     ):
         MutResource.model_validate(
             {
                 "immutable": "x",
             },
             scim_ctx=Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST,
+            original=original,
+        )
+
+
+def test_validate_replacement_request_mutability_sub_attributes():
+    """Test query validation for resource model replacement requests.
+
+    Sub-attributes marked as:
+    - Mutability.immutable raise a ValidationError if different than the 'original' item.
+    - Mutability.read_only are ignored
+    """
+
+    class Sub(ComplexAttribute):
+        immutable: Annotated[Optional[str], Mutability.immutable] = None
+
+    class Super(Resource):
+        schemas: Annotated[list[str], Required.true] = ["org:example:Super"]
+        sub: Optional[Sub] = None
+
+    original = Super(sub=Sub(immutable="y"))
+    assert Super.model_validate(
+        {
+            "sub": {
+                "immutable": "y",
+            }
+        },
+        scim_ctx=Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST,
+        original=original,
+    ) == Super(
+        schemas=["org:example:Super"],
+        sub=Sub(
+            immutable="y",
+        ),
+    )
+
+    Super.model_validate(
+        {
+            "sub": {
+                "immutable": "y",
+            }
+        },
+        scim_ctx=Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST,
+        original=original,
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValidationError,
+        match="Field 'immutable' is immutable but the request value is different than the original value.",
+    ):
+        Super.model_validate(
+            {
+                "sub": {
+                    "immutable": "x",
+                }
+            },
+            scim_ctx=Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST,
+            original=original,
         )
 
 
@@ -378,12 +461,14 @@ def test_validate_creation_and_replacement_request_necessity(context):
     Attributes marked as:
     - Required.true and missing raise a ValidationError
     """
+    original = MutResource(read_only="y", read_write="y", write_only="y", immutable="y")
     assert ReqResource.model_validate(
         {
             "required": "x",
             "optional": "x",
         },
         scim_ctx=context,
+        original=original,
     ) == ReqResource(
         schemas=["org:example:ReqResource"],
         required="x",
@@ -395,6 +480,7 @@ def test_validate_creation_and_replacement_request_necessity(context):
             "required": "x",
         },
         scim_ctx=context,
+        original=original,
     ) == ReqResource(
         schemas=["org:example:ReqResource"],
         required="x",
@@ -408,6 +494,7 @@ def test_validate_creation_and_replacement_request_necessity(context):
             {
                 "optional": "x",
             },
+            original=original,
             scim_ctx=context,
         )
 
diff --git a/tests/test_patch_op.py b/tests/test_patch_op.py
index b249147..e3fdf8f 100644
--- a/tests/test_patch_op.py
+++ b/tests/test_patch_op.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ from pydantic import ValidationError
 
 from scim2_models import PatchOp
 from scim2_models import PatchOperation
-from scim2_models.base import Context
 
 
 def test_validate_patchop_case_insensitivith():
@@ -16,7 +15,6 @@ def test_validate_patchop_case_insensitivith():
                 {"op": "ReMove", "path": "userName", "value": "Rivard"},
             ],
         },
-        scim_ctx=Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST,
     ) == PatchOp(
         operations=[
             PatchOperation(
@@ -36,5 +34,4 @@ def test_validate_patchop_case_insensitivith():
             {
                 "operations": [{"op": 42, "path": "userName", "value": "Rivard"}],
             },
-            scim_ctx=Context.RESOURCE_REPLACEMENT_REQUEST,
         )