Repository: dbt-labs/dbt-bigquery (python)

Issue:
[ADAP-834] [Regression] `adapter.is_replacable()` always evaluates to `False` with dbt-bigquery 1.6
### Is this a new bug in dbt-bigquery?

- [X] I believe this is a new bug in dbt-bigquery
- [X] I have searched the existing issues, and I could not find an existing issue for this bug

### Current Behavior

There's a pretty strange behaviour with 1.6 where the `adapter.is_replacable()` method seems to always evaluate to `False` in 1.6, even if the partition configuration of a model has not been changed. This could cause unintended side-effects - like dropping the previous table even if not required.

https://github.com/dbt-labs/dbt-bigquery/blob/eb58c7db58d389695f6f2dad8b4f4c8f5f4b5db3/dbt/include/bigquery/macros/materializations/table.sql#L27-L30

### Expected Behavior

We should keep to the behaviour prior to 1.6.

### Steps To Reproduce

1. Create a random table in BQ:

```sql
create or replace table sources.raw as (
  select cast(1 as int64) as id, parse_date('%Y-%m-%d', '1970-01-01') as updated_at, parse_date('%Y-%m-%d', '1970-01-01') as updated_at_utc
);
```

2. Use that in our dbt project/model:

```yaml
# dbt_project.yml
name: my_dbt_project
profile: bigquery
config-version: 2
version: 1.0

models:
  my_dbt_project:
    +materialized: table
```

```sql
-- models/foo.sql
{{
  config(
    partition_by={
      "field": "updated_at",
      "data_type": "date",
    }
  )
}}

select id, updated_at, updated_at_utc from sources.raw
```

3. Run model `foo` a few times:

```sh
$ dbt --debug run -s foo | grep 'Hard refreshing'
03:25:04  Hard refreshing `cse-sandbox-319708`.`dbt_jyeo`.`foo` because it is not replaceable

$ dbt --debug run -s foo | grep 'Hard refreshing'
03:26:32  Hard refreshing `cse-sandbox-319708`.`dbt_jyeo`.`foo` because it is not replaceable

$ dbt --debug run -s foo | grep 'Hard refreshing'
03:27:53  Hard refreshing `cse-sandbox-319708`.`dbt_jyeo`.`foo` because it is not replaceable
```

Attached a full debug log for one of the above invocations - but nothing of interest really.

If you downgrade to dbt-bigquery 1.5.latest (`dbt==1.5.4, dbt-bigquery==1.5.5`) - you will not see such log lines.

### Relevant log output

```shell
============================== 15:26:43.235266 | ca188e3e-6302-4f60-ad5d-169c9307ed49 ==============================
[0m15:26:43.235266 [info ] [MainThread]: Running with dbt=1.6.0
[0m15:26:43.238415 [debug] [MainThread]: running dbt with arguments {'printer_width': '80', 'indirect_selection': 'eager', 'log_cache_events': 'False', 'write_json': 'True', 'partial_parse': 'False', 'cache_selected_only': 'False', 'warn_error': 'None', 'fail_fast': 'False', 'profiles_dir': '/Users/jeremy/.dbt', 'log_path': '/Users/jeremy/src/dbt-basic/logs', 'version_check': 'True', 'debug': 'True', 'use_colors': 'True', 'use_experimental_parser': 'False', 'no_print': 'None', 'quiet': 'False', 'warn_error_options': 'WarnErrorOptions(include=[], exclude=[])', 'invocation_command': 'dbt --debug run -s foo', 'static_parser': 'True', 'introspect': 'True', 'target_path': 'None', 'log_format': 'default', 'send_anonymous_usage_stats': 'True'}
[0m15:26:43.658536 [debug] [MainThread]: Sending event: {'category': 'dbt', 'action': 'project_id', 'label': 'ca188e3e-6302-4f60-ad5d-169c9307ed49', 'context': [<snowplow_tracker.self_describing_json.SelfDescribingJson object at 0x1149e6490>]}
[0m15:26:43.670146 [debug] [MainThread]: Sending event: {'category': 'dbt', 'action': 'adapter_info', 'label': 'ca188e3e-6302-4f60-ad5d-169c9307ed49', 'context': [<snowplow_tracker.self_describing_json.SelfDescribingJson object at 0x114a08fd0>]}
[0m15:26:43.671030 [info ] [MainThread]: Registered adapter: bigquery=1.6.1
[0m15:26:43.690171 [debug] [MainThread]: checksum: 08dabea3fc65f9f8dd48613681c2bcd827397a7ba9ce4c6d52980aba1215e8c9, vars: {}, profile: , target: , version: 1.6.0
[0m15:26:43.691439 [debug] [MainThread]: Partial parsing not enabled
[0m15:26:44.679029 [debug] [MainThread]: Sending event: {'category': 'dbt', 'action': 'load_project', 'label': 'ca188e3e-6302-4f60-ad5d-169c9307ed49', 'context': [<snowplow_tracker.self_describing_json.SelfDescribingJson object at 0x114bc0f40>]}
[0m15:26:44.690776 [debug] [MainThread]: Sending event: {'category': 'dbt', 'action': 'resource_counts', 'label': 'ca188e3e-6302-4f60-ad5d-169c9307ed49', 'context': [<snowplow_tracker.self_describing_json.SelfDescribingJson object at 0x114c013a0>]}
[0m15:26:44.691499 [info ] [MainThread]: Found 1 model, 0 sources, 0 exposures, 0 metrics, 393 macros, 0 groups, 0 semantic models
[0m15:26:44.691998 [debug] [MainThread]: Sending event: {'category': 'dbt', 'action': 'runnable_timing', 'label': 'ca188e3e-6302-4f60-ad5d-169c9307ed49', 'context': [<snowplow_tracker.self_describing_json.SelfDescribingJson object at 0x114c01d00>]}
[0m15:26:44.693343 [info ] [MainThread]: 
[0m15:26:44.694420 [debug] [MainThread]: Acquiring new bigquery connection 'master'
[0m15:26:44.695676 [debug] [ThreadPool]: Acquiring new bigquery connection 'list_cse-sandbox-319708'
[0m15:26:44.696432 [debug] [ThreadPool]: Opening a new connection, currently in state init
[0m15:26:47.381186 [debug] [ThreadPool]: Re-using an available connection from the pool (formerly list_cse-sandbox-319708, now list_cse-sandbox-319708_dbt_jyeo)
[0m15:26:47.383105 [debug] [ThreadPool]: Opening a new connection, currently in state closed
[0m15:27:51.026784 [debug] [MainThread]: Sending event: {'category': 'dbt', 'action': 'runnable_timing', 'label': 'ca188e3e-6302-4f60-ad5d-169c9307ed49', 'context': [<snowplow_tracker.self_describing_json.SelfDescribingJson object at 0x114c01520>]}
[0m15:27:51.029280 [info ] [MainThread]: Concurrency: 1 threads (target='dev')
[0m15:27:51.030325 [info ] [MainThread]: 
[0m15:27:51.034065 [debug] [Thread-1  ]: Began running node model.my_dbt_project.foo
[0m15:27:51.035037 [info ] [Thread-1  ]: 1 of 1 START sql table model dbt_jyeo.foo ...................................... [RUN]
[0m15:27:51.036023 [debug] [Thread-1  ]: Re-using an available connection from the pool (formerly list_cse-sandbox-319708_dbt_jyeo, now model.my_dbt_project.foo)
[0m15:27:51.036645 [debug] [Thread-1  ]: Began compiling node model.my_dbt_project.foo
[0m15:27:51.049778 [debug] [Thread-1  ]: Writing injected SQL for node "model.my_dbt_project.foo"
[0m15:27:51.051744 [debug] [Thread-1  ]: Timing info for model.my_dbt_project.foo (compile): 15:27:51.037414 => 15:27:51.051291
[0m15:27:51.052729 [debug] [Thread-1  ]: Began executing node model.my_dbt_project.foo
[0m15:27:51.385636 [debug] [Thread-1  ]: Opening a new connection, currently in state closed
[0m15:27:53.573190 [debug] [Thread-1  ]: Hard refreshing `cse-sandbox-319708`.`dbt_jyeo`.`foo` because it is not replaceable
[0m15:27:54.042441 [debug] [Thread-1  ]: Writing runtime sql for node "model.my_dbt_project.foo"
[0m15:27:54.043663 [debug] [Thread-1  ]: On model.my_dbt_project.foo: /* {"app": "dbt", "dbt_version": "1.6.0", "profile_name": "bigquery", "target_name": "dev", "node_id": "model.my_dbt_project.foo"} */

  
    

    create or replace table `cse-sandbox-319708`.`dbt_jyeo`.`foo`
      
    partition by updated_at
    

    OPTIONS()
    as (
      

select id, updated_at, updated_at_utc from sources.raw
    );
  
[0m15:27:54.686915 [debug] [Thread-1  ]: BigQuery adapter: https://console.cloud.google.com/bigquery?project=cse-sandbox-319708&j=bq:US:4fd0985b-13ae-4a99-8031-a01660c1309c&page=queryresults
[0m15:27:57.316830 [debug] [Thread-1  ]: Timing info for model.my_dbt_project.foo (execute): 15:27:51.053306 => 15:27:57.316518
[0m15:27:57.318224 [debug] [Thread-1  ]: Sending event: {'category': 'dbt', 'action': 'run_model', 'label': 'ca188e3e-6302-4f60-ad5d-169c9307ed49', 'context': [<snowplow_tracker.self_describing_json.SelfDescribingJson object at 0x11dfa7310>]}
[0m15:27:57.319347 [info ] [Thread-1  ]: 1 of 1 OK created sql table model dbt_jyeo.foo ................................. [[32mCREATE TABLE (1.0 rows, 24.0 Bytes processed)[0m in 6.28s]
[0m15:27:57.320263 [debug] [Thread-1  ]: Finished running node model.my_dbt_project.foo
[0m15:27:57.323528 [debug] [MainThread]: Connection 'master' was properly closed.
[0m15:27:57.324211 [debug] [MainThread]: Connection 'model.my_dbt_project.foo' was properly closed.
[0m15:27:57.324755 [info ] [MainThread]: 
[0m15:27:57.325270 [info ] [MainThread]: Finished running 1 table model in 0 hours 1 minutes and 12.63 seconds (72.63s).
[0m15:27:57.326546 [debug] [MainThread]: Command end result
[0m15:27:57.337341 [info ] [MainThread]: 
[0m15:27:57.338012 [info ] [MainThread]: [32mCompleted successfully[0m
[0m15:27:57.338515 [info ] [MainThread]: 
[0m15:27:57.339076 [info ] [MainThread]: Done. PASS=1 WARN=0 ERROR=0 SKIP=0 TOTAL=1
[0m15:27:57.339913 [debug] [MainThread]: Command `dbt run` succeeded at 15:27:57.339797 after 74.14 seconds
[0m15:27:57.340449 [debug] [MainThread]: Sending event: {'category': 'dbt', 'action': 'invocation', 'label': 'end', 'context': [<snowplow_tracker.self_describing_json.SelfDescribingJson object at 0x110808040>, <snowplow_tracker.self_describing_json.SelfDescribingJson object at 0x114badf10>, <snowplow_tracker.self_describing_json.SelfDescribingJson object at 0x1149f0670>]}
[0m15:27:57.340996 [debug] [MainThread]: Flushing usage events
```


### Environment

```markdown
- OS: macOS
- Python: Python 3.9.13
- dbt-core: 1.6.0
- dbt-bigquery: 1.6.1
```


### Additional Context

To confirm `is_replacable` is evaluating incorrectly with 1.6, I used a custom materialization next:

```jinja
{%- materialization m8n, default -%}

  {%- set identifier = model['alias'] -%}
  {%- set old_relation = adapter.get_relation(database=database, schema=schema, identifier=identifier) -%}
  {%- set target_relation = api.Relation.create(database=database, schema=schema, identifier=identifier, type='table') -%}
  
  {%- set raw_partition_by = config.get('partition_by', none) -%}
  {%- set partition_by = adapter.parse_partition_by(raw_partition_by) -%}
  {%- set cluster_by = config.get('cluster_by', none) -%}

  {%- do log('>>>>> is_replacable evaluated to: ' ~ adapter.is_replaceable(old_relation, partition_by, cluster_by), True) -%}

  {% call statement('main') -%}
    {{ create_table_as(False, target_relation, compiled_code, 'sql') }}
  {%- endcall %}

  {{ return({'relations': [target_relation]}) }}

{%- endmaterialization -%}
```

Then modify `foo.sql` to make use of it:

```sql
-- models/foo.sql
{{
  config(
    materialized = 'm8n',
    partition_by={
      "field": "updated_at",
      "data_type": "date",
    }
  )
}}

select id, updated_at, updated_at_utc from sources.raw
```

```sh
(venv_dbt_1.6.latest) ➜  dbt-basic git:(main) ✗ dbt run -s foo        
03:35:16  Running with dbt=1.6.0
03:35:17  Registered adapter: bigquery=1.6.1
03:35:18  Found 1 model, 0 sources, 0 exposures, 0 metrics, 393 macros, 0 groups, 0 semantic models
03:35:18  
03:36:32  Concurrency: 1 threads (target='dev')
03:36:32  
03:36:32  1 of 1 START sql m8n model dbt_jyeo.foo ........................................ [RUN]
03:36:34  >>>>> is_replacable evaluated to: False
03:36:38  1 of 1 OK created sql m8n model dbt_jyeo.foo ................................... [CREATE TABLE (1.0 rows, 24.0 Bytes processed) in 5.98s]
03:36:38  
03:36:38  Finished running 1 m8n model in 0 hours 1 minutes and 19.97 seconds (79.97s).
03:36:38  
03:36:38  Completed successfully
03:36:38  
03:36:38  Done. PASS=1 WARN=0 ERROR=0 SKIP=0 TOTAL=1
(venv_dbt_1.6.latest) ➜  dbt-basic git:(main) ✗ deactivate    
➜  dbt-basic git:(main) ✗ source venv_dbt_1.5.latest/bin/activate
(venv_dbt_1.5.latest) ➜  dbt-basic git:(main) ✗ dbt run -s foo                         
03:36:55  Running with dbt=1.5.4
03:36:56  Registered adapter: bigquery=1.5.5
03:36:56  Found 1 model, 0 tests, 0 snapshots, 0 analyses, 360 macros, 0 operations, 0 seed files, 0 sources, 0 exposures, 0 metrics, 0 groups
03:36:56  
03:38:06  Concurrency: 1 threads (target='dev')
03:38:06  
03:38:06  1 of 1 START sql m8n model dbt_jyeo.foo ........................................ [RUN]
03:38:08  >>>>> is_replacable evaluated to: True
03:38:12  1 of 1 OK created sql m8n model dbt_jyeo.foo ................................... [CREATE TABLE (1.0 rows, 24.0 Bytes processed) in 5.73s]
03:38:12  
03:38:12  Finished running 1 m8n model in 0 hours 1 minutes and 15.13 seconds (75.13s).
03:38:12  
03:38:12  Completed successfully
03:38:12  
03:38:12  Done. PASS=1 WARN=0 ERROR=0 SKIP=0 TOTAL=1
```

Pull request description:
case insensitive check on partition matching
resolves #886

### Problem

The API returns sometimes upper cased fields such `timePartitioning.type` and in case the user config has also a different casing, we should do a case insensitive check on partition matching.

### Solution

It introduce a proper case insensitive check on partition field matching

### Checklist

- [x] I have read [the contributing guide](https://github.com/dbt-labs/dbt-core/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) and understand what's expected of me
- [x] I have run this code in development and it appears to resolve the stated issue
- [x] This PR includes tests, or tests are not required/relevant for this PR
- [x] This PR has no interface changes (e.g. macros, cli, logs, json artifacts, config files, adapter interface, etc) or this PR has already received feedback and approval from Product or DX


Patch:
diff --git a/.changes/unreleased/Fixes-20230818-214616.yaml b/.changes/unreleased/Fixes-20230818-214616.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a66059e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changes/unreleased/Fixes-20230818-214616.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+kind: Fixes
+body: case insensitive check on partition matching
+time: 2023-08-18T21:46:16.828488+02:00
+custom:
+  Author: Kayrnt
+  Issue: "886"
diff --git a/dbt/adapters/bigquery/__init__.py b/dbt/adapters/bigquery/__init__.py
index b66ef27..adbd675 100644
--- a/dbt/adapters/bigquery/__init__.py
+++ b/dbt/adapters/bigquery/__init__.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from dbt.adapters.bigquery.connections import BigQueryConnectionManager  # noqa
 from dbt.adapters.bigquery.connections import BigQueryCredentials
 from dbt.adapters.bigquery.relation import BigQueryRelation  # noqa
 from dbt.adapters.bigquery.column import BigQueryColumn  # noqa
-from dbt.adapters.bigquery.impl import BigQueryAdapter, GrantTarget  # noqa
+from dbt.adapters.bigquery.impl import BigQueryAdapter, GrantTarget, PartitionConfig  # noqa
 
 from dbt.adapters.base import AdapterPlugin
 from dbt.include import bigquery
diff --git a/dbt/adapters/bigquery/impl.py b/dbt/adapters/bigquery/impl.py
index f53cd40..3f83518 100644
--- a/dbt/adapters/bigquery/impl.py
+++ b/dbt/adapters/bigquery/impl.py
@@ -620,12 +620,13 @@ class BigQueryAdapter(BaseAdapter):
             table_field = (
                 table.time_partitioning.field.lower() if table.time_partitioning.field else None
             )
+
             table_granularity = table.partitioning_type
             conf_table_field = conf_partition.field
             return (
-                table_field == conf_table_field
+                table_field == conf_table_field.lower()
                 or (conf_partition.time_ingestion_partitioning and table_field is not None)
-            ) and table_granularity == conf_partition.granularity
+            ) and table_granularity.lower() == conf_partition.granularity.lower()
         elif conf_partition and table.range_partitioning is not None:
             dest_part = table.range_partitioning
             conf_part = conf_partition.range or {}


Test patch:
diff --git a/tests/unit/test_bigquery_adapter.py b/tests/unit/test_bigquery_adapter.py
index 56b8e07..bb98db8 100644
--- a/tests/unit/test_bigquery_adapter.py
+++ b/tests/unit/test_bigquery_adapter.py
@@ -12,10 +12,12 @@ from unittest.mock import patch, MagicMock, Mock, create_autospec, ANY
 
 import dbt.dataclass_schema
 
+from dbt.adapters.bigquery import PartitionConfig
 from dbt.adapters.bigquery import BigQueryCredentials
 from dbt.adapters.bigquery import BigQueryAdapter
 from dbt.adapters.bigquery import BigQueryRelation
 from dbt.adapters.bigquery import Plugin as BigQueryPlugin
+from google.cloud.bigquery.table import Table
 from dbt.adapters.bigquery.connections import BigQueryConnectionManager
 from dbt.adapters.bigquery.connections import _sanitize_label, _VALIDATE_LABEL_LENGTH_LIMIT
 from dbt.adapters.base.query_headers import MacroQueryStringSetter
@@ -376,7 +378,10 @@ class TestBigQueryAdapterAcquire(BaseTestBigQueryAdapter):
         mock_client.assert_not_called()
         connection.handle
         mock_client.assert_called_once_with(
-            "dbt-unit-000000", creds, location="Luna Station", client_info=HasUserAgent()
+            "dbt-unit-000000",
+            creds,
+            location="Luna Station",
+            client_info=HasUserAgent(),
         )
 
 
@@ -1023,6 +1028,30 @@ class TestBigQueryAdapterConversions(TestAdapterConversions):
         for col_idx, expect in enumerate(expected):
             assert BigQueryAdapter.convert_time_type(agate_table, col_idx) == expect
 
+    # The casing in this case can't be enforced on the API side,
+    # so we have to validate that we have a case-insensitive comparison
+    def test_partitions_match(self):
+        table = Table.from_api_repr(
+            {
+                "tableReference": {
+                    "projectId": "test-project",
+                    "datasetId": "test_dataset",
+                    "tableId": "test_table",
+                },
+                "timePartitioning": {"type": "DAY", "field": "ts"},
+            }
+        )
+        partition_config = PartitionConfig.parse(
+            {
+                "field": "TS",
+                "data_type": "date",
+                "granularity": "day",
+                "time_ingestion_partitioning": False,
+                "copy_partitions": False,
+            }
+        )
+        assert BigQueryAdapter._partitions_match(table, partition_config) is True
+
 
 class TestBigQueryGrantAccessTo(BaseTestBigQueryAdapter):
     entity = BigQueryRelation.from_dict(