Repository: drivendataorg/cloudpathlib (python)

Issue:
Set force_overwrite_from_cloud from environment variable?
Similar to #352, is it possible to set `force_overwrite_from_cloud` from an environment variable? 

Pull request description:
Env vars for force overwrite functions
Add env vars that let you override things for forcing overwrites.

Closes #393 


Patch:
diff --git a/HISTORY.md b/HISTORY.md
index 046ab12..9cf6a66 100644
--- a/HISTORY.md
+++ b/HISTORY.md
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 - fix: use native `exists()` method in `GSClient`. (PR [#420](https://github.com/drivendataorg/cloudpathlib/pull/420))
 - Enhancement: lazy instantiation of default client (PR [#432](https://github.com/drivendataorg/cloudpathlib/issues/432), Issue [#428](https://github.com/drivendataorg/cloudpathlib/issues/428))
 - Adds existence check before downloading in `download_to` (Issue [#430](https://github.com/drivendataorg/cloudpathlib/issues/430), PR [#432](https://github.com/drivendataorg/cloudpathlib/pull/432))
+- Add env vars `CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_FROM_CLOUD` and `CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_TO_CLOUD`. (Issue [#393](https://github.com/drivendataorg/cloudpathlib/issues/393), PR [#437](https://github.com/drivendataorg/cloudpathlib/pull/437))
 
 ## v0.18.1 (2024-02-26)
 
diff --git a/cloudpathlib/cloudpath.py b/cloudpathlib/cloudpath.py
index 8bad810..fc90db4 100644
--- a/cloudpathlib/cloudpath.py
+++ b/cloudpathlib/cloudpath.py
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ class CloudPath(metaclass=CloudPathMeta):
 
     def __fspath__(self) -> str:
         if self.is_file():
-            self._refresh_cache(force_overwrite_from_cloud=False)
+            self._refresh_cache()
         return str(self._local)
 
     def __lt__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
@@ -549,8 +549,8 @@ class CloudPath(metaclass=CloudPathMeta):
         encoding: Optional[str] = None,
         errors: Optional[str] = None,
         newline: Optional[str] = None,
-        force_overwrite_from_cloud: bool = False,  # extra kwarg not in pathlib
-        force_overwrite_to_cloud: bool = False,  # extra kwarg not in pathlib
+        force_overwrite_from_cloud: Optional[bool] = None,  # extra kwarg not in pathlib
+        force_overwrite_to_cloud: Optional[bool] = None,  # extra kwarg not in pathlib
     ) -> IO[Any]:
         # if trying to call open on a directory that exists
         if self.exists() and not self.is_file():
@@ -931,7 +931,7 @@ class CloudPath(metaclass=CloudPathMeta):
     def upload_from(
         self,
         source: Union[str, os.PathLike],
-        force_overwrite_to_cloud: bool = False,
+        force_overwrite_to_cloud: Optional[bool] = None,
     ) -> Self:
         """Upload a file or directory to the cloud path."""
         source = Path(source)
@@ -956,24 +956,24 @@ class CloudPath(metaclass=CloudPathMeta):
     def copy(
         self,
         destination: Self,
-        force_overwrite_to_cloud: bool = False,
+        force_overwrite_to_cloud: Optional[bool] = None,
     ) -> Self: ...
 
     @overload
     def copy(
         self,
         destination: Path,
-        force_overwrite_to_cloud: bool = False,
+        force_overwrite_to_cloud: Optional[bool] = None,
     ) -> Path: ...
 
     @overload
     def copy(
         self,
         destination: str,
-        force_overwrite_to_cloud: bool = False,
+        force_overwrite_to_cloud: Optional[bool] = None,
     ) -> Union[Path, "CloudPath"]: ...
 
-    def copy(self, destination, force_overwrite_to_cloud=False):
+    def copy(self, destination, force_overwrite_to_cloud=None):
         """Copy self to destination folder of file, if self is a file."""
         if not self.exists() or not self.is_file():
             raise ValueError(
@@ -992,6 +992,11 @@ class CloudPath(metaclass=CloudPathMeta):
             if destination.exists() and destination.is_dir():
                 destination = destination / self.name
 
+            if force_overwrite_to_cloud is None:
+                force_overwrite_to_cloud = os.environ.get(
+                    "CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_TO_CLOUD", "False"
+                ).lower() in ["1", "true"]
+
             if (
                 not force_overwrite_to_cloud
                 and destination.exists()
@@ -1019,7 +1024,7 @@ class CloudPath(metaclass=CloudPathMeta):
     def copytree(
         self,
         destination: Self,
-        force_overwrite_to_cloud: bool = False,
+        force_overwrite_to_cloud: Optional[bool] = None,
         ignore: Optional[Callable[[str, Iterable[str]], Container[str]]] = None,
     ) -> Self: ...
 
@@ -1027,7 +1032,7 @@ class CloudPath(metaclass=CloudPathMeta):
     def copytree(
         self,
         destination: Path,
-        force_overwrite_to_cloud: bool = False,
+        force_overwrite_to_cloud: Optional[bool] = None,
         ignore: Optional[Callable[[str, Iterable[str]], Container[str]]] = None,
     ) -> Path: ...
 
@@ -1035,11 +1040,11 @@ class CloudPath(metaclass=CloudPathMeta):
     def copytree(
         self,
         destination: str,
-        force_overwrite_to_cloud: bool = False,
+        force_overwrite_to_cloud: Optional[bool] = None,
         ignore: Optional[Callable[[str, Iterable[str]], Container[str]]] = None,
     ) -> Union[Path, "CloudPath"]: ...
 
-    def copytree(self, destination, force_overwrite_to_cloud=False, ignore=None):
+    def copytree(self, destination, force_overwrite_to_cloud=None, ignore=None):
         """Copy self to a directory, if self is a directory."""
         if not self.is_dir():
             raise CloudPathNotADirectoryError(
@@ -1112,7 +1117,7 @@ class CloudPath(metaclass=CloudPathMeta):
 
         return self.client.CloudPath(path)
 
-    def _refresh_cache(self, force_overwrite_from_cloud: bool = False) -> None:
+    def _refresh_cache(self, force_overwrite_from_cloud: Optional[bool] = None) -> None:
         try:
             stats = self.stat()
         except NoStatError:
@@ -1120,11 +1125,16 @@ class CloudPath(metaclass=CloudPathMeta):
             # new files that will be uploaded
             return
 
+        if force_overwrite_from_cloud is None:
+            force_overwrite_from_cloud = os.environ.get(
+                "CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_FROM_CLOUD", "False"
+            ).lower() in ["1", "true"]
+
         # if not exist or cloud newer
         if (
-            not self._local.exists()
+            force_overwrite_from_cloud
+            or not self._local.exists()
             or (self._local.stat().st_mtime < stats.st_mtime)
-            or force_overwrite_from_cloud
         ):
             # ensure there is a home for the file
             self._local.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
@@ -1138,7 +1148,7 @@ class CloudPath(metaclass=CloudPathMeta):
                 f"Local file ({self._local}) for cloud path ({self}) has been changed by your code, but "
                 f"is being requested for download from cloud. Either (1) push your changes to the cloud, "
                 f"(2) remove the local file, or (3) pass `force_overwrite_from_cloud=True` to "
-                f"overwrite."
+                f"overwrite; or set env var CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_FROM_CLOUD=1."
             )
 
         # if local newer but not dirty, it was updated
@@ -1148,12 +1158,12 @@ class CloudPath(metaclass=CloudPathMeta):
                 f"Local file ({self._local}) for cloud path ({self}) is newer on disk, but "
                 f"is being requested for download from cloud. Either (1) push your changes to the cloud, "
                 f"(2) remove the local file, or (3) pass `force_overwrite_from_cloud=True` to "
-                f"overwrite."
+                f"overwrite; or set env var CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_FROM_CLOUD=1."
             )
 
     def _upload_local_to_cloud(
         self,
-        force_overwrite_to_cloud: bool = False,
+        force_overwrite_to_cloud: Optional[bool] = None,
     ) -> Self:
         """Uploads cache file at self._local to the cloud"""
         # We should never try to be syncing entire directories; we should only
@@ -1178,11 +1188,16 @@ class CloudPath(metaclass=CloudPathMeta):
     def _upload_file_to_cloud(
         self,
         local_path: Path,
-        force_overwrite_to_cloud: bool = False,
+        force_overwrite_to_cloud: Optional[bool] = None,
     ) -> Self:
         """Uploads file at `local_path` to the cloud if there is not a newer file
         already there.
         """
+        if force_overwrite_to_cloud is None:
+            force_overwrite_to_cloud = os.environ.get(
+                "CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_TO_CLOUD", "False"
+            ).lower() in ["1", "true"]
+
         if force_overwrite_to_cloud:
             # If we are overwriting no need to perform any checks, so we can save time
             self.client._upload_file(
@@ -1210,7 +1225,7 @@ class CloudPath(metaclass=CloudPathMeta):
             f"Local file ({self._local}) for cloud path ({self}) is newer in the cloud disk, but "
             f"is being requested to be uploaded to the cloud. Either (1) redownload changes from the cloud or "
             f"(2) pass `force_overwrite_to_cloud=True` to "
-            f"overwrite."
+            f"overwrite; or set env var CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_TO_CLOUD=1."
         )
 
     # ===========  pydantic integration special methods ===============
diff --git a/docs/docs/caching.ipynb b/docs/docs/caching.ipynb
index c6d627a..a1b9895 100644
--- a/docs/docs/caching.ipynb
+++ b/docs/docs/caching.ipynb
@@ -398,10 +398,14 @@
     "\n",
     "The `CloudPath.open` method supports a `force_overwrite_from_cloud` kwarg to force overwriting your local version.\n",
     "\n",
+    "You can make overwriting the cache with the cloud copy the default by setting the environment variable `CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_FROM_CLOUD=1` or `CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_FROM_CLOUD=True`.\n",
+    "\n",
     "`OverwriteNewerCloudError`\n",
     "This exception is raised if we are asked to upload a file, but the one on the cloud is newer than our local version. This likely means that a separate process has updated the cloud version, and we don't want to overwrite and lose that new data in the cloud.\n",
     "\n",
     "The `CloudPath.open` method supports a `force_overwrite_to_cloud` kwarg to force overwriting the cloud version.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "You can make overwriting the cloud copy with the local one being uploaded by setting the environment variable `CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_TO_CLOUD=1` or `CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_TO_CLOUD=True`.\n",
     "\n"
    ]
   },
@@ -773,7 +777,7 @@
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
-   "version": "3.11.4"
+   "version": "3.12.1"
   },
   "vscode": {
    "interpreter": {


Test patch:
diff --git a/tests/test_caching.py b/tests/test_caching.py
index af1aebc..9384aac 100644
--- a/tests/test_caching.py
+++ b/tests/test_caching.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import gc
 import os
 from time import sleep
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -5,7 +6,11 @@ from pathlib import Path
 import pytest
 
 from cloudpathlib.enums import FileCacheMode
-from cloudpathlib.exceptions import InvalidConfigurationException
+from cloudpathlib.exceptions import (
+    InvalidConfigurationException,
+    OverwriteNewerCloudError,
+    OverwriteNewerLocalError,
+)
 from tests.conftest import CloudProviderTestRig
 
 
@@ -344,6 +349,107 @@ def test_environment_variable_local_cache_dir(rig: CloudProviderTestRig, tmpdir)
         os.environ["CLOUDPATHLIB_LOCAL_CACHE_DIR"] = original_env_setting
 
 
+def test_environment_variables_force_overwrite_from(rig: CloudProviderTestRig, tmpdir):
+    # environment instantiation
+    original_env_setting = os.environ.get("CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_FROM_CLOUD", "")
+
+    try:
+        # explicitly false overwrite
+        os.environ["CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_FROM_CLOUD"] = "False"
+
+        p = rig.create_cloud_path("dir_0/file0_0.txt")
+        p._refresh_cache()  # dl to cache
+        p._local.touch()  # update mod time
+
+        with pytest.raises(OverwriteNewerLocalError):
+            p._refresh_cache()
+
+        for val in ["1", "True", "TRUE"]:
+            os.environ["CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_FROM_CLOUD"] = val
+
+            p = rig.create_cloud_path("dir_0/file0_0.txt")
+
+            orig_mod_time = p.stat().st_mtime
+
+            p._refresh_cache()  # dl to cache
+            p._local.touch()  # update mod time
+
+            new_mod_time = p._local.stat().st_mtime
+
+            p._refresh_cache()
+            assert p._local.stat().st_mtime == orig_mod_time
+            assert p._local.stat().st_mtime < new_mod_time
+
+    finally:
+        os.environ["CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_FROM_CLOUD"] = original_env_setting
+
+
+def test_environment_variables_force_overwrite_to(rig: CloudProviderTestRig, tmpdir):
+    # environment instantiation
+    original_env_setting = os.environ.get("CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_TO_CLOUD", "")
+
+    try:
+        # explicitly false overwrite
+        os.environ["CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_TO_CLOUD"] = "False"
+
+        p = rig.create_cloud_path("dir_0/file0_0.txt")
+
+        new_local = Path((tmpdir / "new_content.txt").strpath)
+        new_local.write_text("hello")
+        new_also_cloud = rig.create_cloud_path("dir_0/another_cloud_file.txt")
+        new_also_cloud.write_text("newer")
+
+        # make cloud newer than local or other cloud file
+        os.utime(new_local, (new_local.stat().st_mtime - 2, new_local.stat().st_mtime - 2))
+
+        p.write_text("updated")
+
+        with pytest.raises(OverwriteNewerCloudError):
+            p._upload_file_to_cloud(new_local)
+
+        with pytest.raises(OverwriteNewerCloudError):
+            # copy short-circuits upload if same client, so we test separately
+
+            # raises if destination is newer
+            new_also_cloud.write_text("newest")
+            sleep(0.01)
+            p.copy(new_also_cloud)
+
+        for val in ["1", "True", "TRUE"]:
+            os.environ["CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_TO_CLOUD"] = val
+
+            p = rig.create_cloud_path("dir_0/file0_0.txt")
+
+            new_local.write_text("updated")
+
+            # make cloud newer than local
+            os.utime(new_local, (new_local.stat().st_mtime - 2, new_local.stat().st_mtime - 2))
+
+            p.write_text("updated")
+
+            orig_cloud_mod_time = p.stat().st_mtime
+
+            assert p.stat().st_mtime >= new_local.stat().st_mtime
+
+            # would raise if not set
+            sleep(1.01)  # give time so not equal when rounded
+            p._upload_file_to_cloud(new_local)
+            assert p.stat().st_mtime > orig_cloud_mod_time  # cloud now overwritten
+
+            new_also_cloud = rig.create_cloud_path("dir_0/another_cloud_file.txt")
+            sleep(1.01)  # give time so not equal when rounded
+            new_also_cloud.write_text("newer")
+
+            new_cloud_mod_time = new_also_cloud.stat().st_mtime
+
+            assert p.stat().st_mtime < new_cloud_mod_time  # would raise if not set
+            p.copy(new_also_cloud)
+            assert new_also_cloud.stat().st_mtime >= new_cloud_mod_time
+
+    finally:
+        os.environ["CLOUDPATHLIB_FORCE_OVERWRITE_TO_CLOUD"] = original_env_setting
+
+
 def test_manual_cache_clearing(rig: CloudProviderTestRig):
     # use client that we can delete rather than default
     client = rig.client_class(**rig.required_client_kwargs)
@@ -395,6 +501,9 @@ def test_manual_cache_clearing(rig: CloudProviderTestRig):
     del cp
     del client
 
+    gc.collect()  # force gc before asserting
+    sleep(0.5)  # give time to delete
+
     assert not local_cache_path.exists()
     assert not client_cache_folder.exists()