Repository: Deltares/Wflow.jl (julia)

Issue:
Support different `cyclic_times`
For cyclic parameters only one common cyclic time input (`cyclic_times`) is allowed, would be good to support different cyclic time inputs. Also required for https://github.com/Deltares/Wflow.jl/issues/223, but good to have as separate issue.

Pull request description:
## Issue addressed
Fixes #277

## Explanation
Support different cyclic time inputs, for example monthly and daily. The time dimension name of the cyclic parameter in the input netCDF file should start with "time" (to allow for different time vectors). 

## Checklist
- [x] Updated tests or added new tests
- [x] Branch is up to date with `master`
- [x] Tests & pre-commit hooks pass
- [x] Updated documentation if needed
- [x] Updated changelog.md if needed

Patch:
diff --git a/docs/src/changelog.md b/docs/src/changelog.md
index e8e7de35a..eb5646271 100644
--- a/docs/src/changelog.md
+++ b/docs/src/changelog.md
@@ -5,6 +5,13 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 
+
+## [unreleased]
+
+### Changed
+- For cyclic parameters different cyclic time inputs are supported (only one common cyclic
+  time (for example daily or monthly) was allowed).
+
 ## v0.7.2 - 2023-09-27
 
 ### Fixed
diff --git a/docs/src/user_guide/step2_settings_file.md b/docs/src/user_guide/step2_settings_file.md
index 52e35ca79..705233f7b 100644
--- a/docs/src/user_guide/step2_settings_file.md
+++ b/docs/src/user_guide/step2_settings_file.md
@@ -113,10 +113,13 @@ The `input` section of the TOML file contains information about the input forcin
 parameters files (netCDF format). Forcing is applied to the vertical component of the model,
 and needs to be mapped to the external netCDF variable name. `forcing` lists the internal
 model forcing parameters, and these are mapped to the external netCDF variables listed under
-the section `[input.vertical]`. It is possible to provide cyclic parameters to the model. In
-the example below this is done for the internal `vertical.leaf_area_index` model parameter,
-that is linked to the external netCDF variable "LAI" variable. If a model parameter is not
-mapped, a default value will be used if available.
+the section `[input.vertical]`. It is possible to provide cyclic parameters to the model
+(minimum time step of 1 day). In the example below this is done for the internal
+`vertical.leaf_area_index` model parameter, that is linked to the external netCDF variable
+"LAI" variable. Cyclic time inputs of parameters can be different (for example daily and
+monthly). The `time` dimension name of these cylic input parameters in the model parameter
+netCDF file should start with "time". If a model parameter is not mapped, a default value
+will be used if available.
 
 ```toml
 [input]
diff --git a/src/io.jl b/src/io.jl
index 8d5d20182..44e842675 100644
--- a/src/io.jl
+++ b/src/io.jl
@@ -338,13 +338,14 @@ function update_cyclic!(model)
     month_day = monthday(clock.time - clock.Δt)
 
     is_first_timestep = clock.iteration == 1
-    if is_first_timestep || (month_day in cyclic_times)
-        # time for an update of the cyclic forcing
-        i = findlast(t -> monthday_passed(month_day, t), cyclic_times)
-        isnothing(i) && error("Could not find applicable cyclic timestep for $month_day")
 
-        # load from NetCDF into the model according to the mapping
-        for (par, ncvar) in cyclic_parameters
+    for (par, ncvar) in cyclic_parameters
+        if is_first_timestep || (month_day in cyclic_times[par])
+            # time for an update of the cyclic forcing
+            i = findlast(t -> monthday_passed(month_day, t), cyclic_times[par])
+            isnothing(i) &&
+                error("Could not find applicable cyclic timestep for $month_day")
+            # load from NetCDF into the model according to the mapping
             data = get_at(cyclic_dataset, ncvar.name, i)
             param_vector = param(model, par)
             sel = active_indices(network, par)
@@ -623,7 +624,7 @@ struct NCReader{T}
     dataset::CFDataset
     dataset_times::Vector{T}
     cyclic_dataset::Union{NCDataset,Nothing}
-    cyclic_times::Vector{Tuple{Int,Int}}
+    cyclic_times::Dict{Tuple{Symbol,Vararg{Symbol}},Vector{Tuple{Int,Int}}}
     forcing_parameters::Dict{Tuple{Symbol,Vararg{Symbol}},NamedTuple}
     cyclic_parameters::Dict{Tuple{Symbol,Vararg{Symbol}},NamedTuple}
 end
@@ -638,7 +639,7 @@ struct Writer
     state_dataset::Union{NCDataset,Nothing}     # dataset with model states (NetCDF)
     state_parameters::Dict{String,Any}          # mapping of NetCDF variable names to model states (arrays)
     state_nc_path::Union{String,Nothing}        # path NetCDF file with states
-    dataset_scalar::Union{NCDataset,Nothing}    # dataset(NetCDF) for scalar data
+    dataset_scalar::Union{NCDataset,Nothing}    # dataset (NetCDF) for scalar data
     nc_scalar::Vector                           # model parameter (arrays) and associated reducer function for NetCDF scalar output
     ncvars_dims::Vector                         # model parameter (String) and associated NetCDF variable, location dimension and location name for scalar data
     nc_scalar_path::Union{String,Nothing}       # path NetCDF file (scalar data)
@@ -693,17 +694,6 @@ function prepare_reader(config)
     # check for cyclic parameters
     do_cyclic = haskey(config.input, "cyclic")
 
-    # TODO:include leaf_area_index climatology in update() vertical SBM model
-    # we currently assume the same dimension ordering as the forcing
-    if do_cyclic == true
-        cyclic_dataset = NCDataset(cyclic_path)
-        cyclic_nc_times = collect(cyclic_dataset["time"])
-        cyclic_times = timecycles(cyclic_nc_times)
-    else
-        cyclic_dataset = nothing
-        cyclic_times = Tuple{Int,Int}[]
-    end
-
     # create map from internal location to NetCDF variable name for forcing parameters
     forcing_parameters = Dict{Tuple{Symbol,Vararg{Symbol}},NamedTuple}()
     for par in config.input.forcing
@@ -715,19 +705,30 @@ function prepare_reader(config)
         @info "Set `$par` using NetCDF variable `$ncname` as forcing parameter."
     end
 
-    # create map from internal location to NetCDF variable name for cyclic parameters
+    # create map from internal location to NetCDF variable name for cyclic parameters and
+    # store cyclic times for each internal location (duplicate cyclic times are possible
+    # this way, however it seems not worth to keep track of unique cyclic times for now
+    # (memory usage))
     if do_cyclic == true
+        cyclic_dataset = NCDataset(cyclic_path)
         cyclic_parameters = Dict{Tuple{Symbol,Vararg{Symbol}},NamedTuple}()
+        cyclic_times = Dict{Tuple{Symbol,Vararg{Symbol}},Vector{Tuple{Int,Int}}}()
         for par in config.input.cyclic
             fields = symbols(par)
             ncname, mod = ncvar_name_modifier(param(config.input, fields))
+            i = findfirst(x -> startswith(x, "time"), dimnames(cyclic_dataset[ncname]))
+            dimname = dimnames(cyclic_dataset[ncname])[i]
+            cyclic_nc_times = collect(cyclic_dataset[dimname])
+            cyclic_times[fields] = timecycles(cyclic_nc_times)
             cyclic_parameters[fields] =
                 (name = ncname, scale = mod.scale, offset = mod.offset)
 
-            @info "Set `$par` using NetCDF variable `$ncname` as cyclic parameter."
+            @info "Set `$par` using NetCDF variable `$ncname` as cyclic parameter, with `$(length(cyclic_nc_times))` timesteps."
         end
     else
         cyclic_parameters = Dict{Tuple{Symbol,Vararg{Symbol}},NamedTuple}()
+        cyclic_dataset = nothing
+        cyclic_times = Dict{Tuple{Symbol,Vararg{Symbol}},Vector{Tuple{Int,Int}}}()
     end
 
     # check if there is overlap
@@ -1144,7 +1145,7 @@ Given a vector of times, return a tuple of (month, day) for each time entry, to
 cyclic time series that repeats every year. By using `monthday` rather than `dayofyear`,
 leap year offsets are avoided.
 
-It can generate such a series from eiher TimeTypes given that the year is constant, or
+It can generate such a series from either TimeTypes given that the year is constant, or
 it will interpret integers as either months or days of year if possible.
 """
 function timecycles(times)
@@ -1154,8 +1155,14 @@ function timecycles(times)
         if !all(==(year1), year.(times))
             error("unsupported cyclic timeseries")
         end
-        # returns a (month, day) tuple for each date
-        return monthday.(times)
+        # sub-daily time steps are not allowed
+        min_tstep = Second(minimum(diff(times)))
+        if min_tstep < Second(Day(1))
+            error("unsupported cyclic timeseries")
+        else
+            # returns a (month, day) tuple for each date
+            return monthday.(times)
+        end
     elseif eltype(times) <: Integer
         if length(times) == 12
             months = Date(2000, 1, 1):Month(1):Date(2000, 12, 31)
@@ -1432,6 +1439,8 @@ function internal_dim_name(name::Symbol)
         return :y
     elseif name in (:time, :layer, :flood_depth, :classes)
         return name
+    elseif startswith(string(name), "time")
+        return :time
     else
         error("Unknown dimension $name")
     end
diff --git a/src/reservoir_lake.jl b/src/reservoir_lake.jl
index 303c98d14..d599573ee 100644
--- a/src/reservoir_lake.jl
+++ b/src/reservoir_lake.jl
@@ -376,14 +376,16 @@ function initialize_lake(config, nc, inds_riv, nriv, pits, Δt)
         if lake_storfunc[i] == 2
             csv_path = joinpath(path, "lake_sh_$lakeloc.csv")
             @info(
-                "read a storage curve from CSV file $csv_path, for lake location $lakeloc"
+                "Read a storage curve from CSV file `$csv_path`, for lake location `$lakeloc`"
             )
             sh[i] = read_sh_csv(csv_path)
         end
 
         if lake_outflowfunc[i] == 1
             csv_path = joinpath(path, "lake_hq_$lakeloc.csv")
-            @info("read a rating curve from CSV file $csv_path, for lake location $lakeloc")
+            @info(
+                "Read a rating curve from CSV file `$csv_path`, for lake location `$lakeloc`"
+            )
             hq[i] = read_hq_csv(csv_path)
         end
 


Test patch:
diff --git a/test/runtests.jl b/test/runtests.jl
index cfeb0f6e5..23a6ab4a1 100644
--- a/test/runtests.jl
+++ b/test/runtests.jl
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ end
 
 staticmaps_rhine_path = testdata(v"0.1", "staticmaps.nc", "staticmaps-rhine.nc")
 staticmaps_moselle_path =
-    testdata(v"0.2.8", "staticmaps-moselle.nc", "staticmaps-moselle.nc")
+    testdata(v"0.2.9", "staticmaps-moselle.nc", "staticmaps-moselle.nc")
 staticmaps_lahn_path = testdata(v"0.2.1", "staticmaps-lahn.nc", "staticmaps-lahn.nc")
 staticmaps_meuse_path =
     testdata(v"0.2.8", "staticmaps_flex_meuse.nc", "staticmaps_flex_meuse.nc")