Repository: prebid/prebid-server
Pull request #3483 (2024-02-09 18:53:30)

BMTM: Update maintainer address
spoke with a member of this team who informed me that 'dev' is no longer monitored.


Patch:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/adapter-code-coverage.yml b/.github/workflows/adapter-code-coverage.yml
index b5fbd557..4d5751c2 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/adapter-code-coverage.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/adapter-code-coverage.yml
@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
           go-version: 1.20.5
 
       - name: Checkout pull request branch
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           ref: ${{github.event.pull_request.head.ref}}
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Get adapter directories
         id: get_directories
-        uses: actions/github-script@v6
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
         with:
           result-encoding: string
           script: |
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
           rm -f -r ./*
 
       - name: Checkout coverage-preview branch
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           ref: coverage-preview
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Add coverage summary to pull request
         if: steps.run_coverage.outputs.coverage_dir != '' && steps.commit_coverage.outputs.remote_coverage_preview_dir != ''
-        uses: actions/github-script@v6
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
         with:
           script: |
             const utils = require('./.github/workflows/helpers/pull-request-utils.js')
diff --git a/.github/workflows/helpers/pull-request-utils.js b/.github/workflows/helpers/pull-request-utils.js
index 941ae5b6..73c80396 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/helpers/pull-request-utils.js
+++ b/.github/workflows/helpers/pull-request-utils.js
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 const synchronizeEvent = "synchronize",
   openedEvent = "opened",
   completedStatus = "completed",
-  resultSize = 100
+  resultSize = 100,
+  adminPermission = "admin",
+  writePermission = "write"
 
 class diffHelper {
   constructor(input) {
@@ -407,8 +409,31 @@ class coverageHelper {
   }
 }
 
+class userHelper {
+  constructor(input) {
+    this.owner = input.context.repo.owner
+    this.repo = input.context.repo.repo
+    this.github = input.github
+    this.user = input.user
+  }
+
+  /*
+    Checks if the user has write permissions for the repository
+    @returns {boolean} - returns true if the user has write permissions, otherwise false
+  */
+  async hasWritePermissions() {
+    const { data } = await this.github.rest.repos.getCollaboratorPermissionLevel({
+      owner: this.owner,
+      repo: this.repo,
+      username: this.user,
+    })
+    return data.permission === writePermission || data.permission === adminPermission
+  }
+}
+
 module.exports = {
   diffHelper: (input) => new diffHelper(input),
   semgrepHelper: (input) => new semgrepHelper(input),
   coverageHelper: (input) => new coverageHelper(input),
+  userHelper: (input) => new userHelper(input),
 }
diff --git a/.github/workflows/issue_prioritization.yml b/.github/workflows/issue_prioritization.yml
index 3843507b..ec58073d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/issue_prioritization.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/issue_prioritization.yml
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Generate token
         id: generate_token
-        uses: tibdex/github-app-token@36464acb844fc53b9b8b2401da68844f6b05ebb0
+        uses: tibdex/github-app-token@v2.1.0
         with:
           app_id: ${{ secrets.PBS_PROJECT_APP_ID }}
           private_key: ${{ secrets.PBS_PROJECT_APP_PEM }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release.yml b/.github/workflows/release.yml
index f1d2b10c..d3559732 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -25,13 +25,25 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       contents: read
     steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          repository: ${{ github.repository }}
+          ref: master
       - name: Check user permission
-        uses: actions-cool/check-user-permission@v2.2.0
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
         id: check
         with:
-          require: 'write'
+          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          result-encoding: string
+          script: |
+            const utils = require('./.github/workflows/helpers/pull-request-utils.js')
+            const helper = utils.userHelper({github, context, user: '${{ github.actor }}'})
+            const hasPermission = await helper.hasWritePermissions()
+            return hasPermission
     outputs:
-      hasWritePermission: ${{ steps.check.outputs.require-result }}
+      hasWritePermission: ${{ steps.check.outputs.result }}
 
   build-master:
     name: Build master
@@ -40,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@master
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           repository: ${{ github.repository }}
@@ -52,13 +64,12 @@ jobs:
   publish-tag:
     name: Publish tag
     needs: build-master
-    if: contains(needs.check-permission.outputs.hasWritePermission, 'true')
     permissions:
       contents: write
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout Prebid Server
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - name: Create & publish tag
@@ -111,7 +122,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout Prebid Server
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
       - name: Build image
diff --git a/.github/workflows/security.yml b/.github/workflows/security.yml
index baa10b93..09a0fd56 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/security.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/security.yml
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout Code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           # Resolves to empty string for push events and falls back to HEAD.
           ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
@@ -29,6 +29,6 @@ jobs:
           severity: 'CRITICAL,HIGH'
           
       - name: Upload Results To GitHub Security Tab
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@v2
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@v3
         with:
           sarif_file: 'trivy-results.sarif'
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.github/workflows/semgrep.yml b/.github/workflows/semgrep.yml
index 565bb9b8..b641d566 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/semgrep.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/semgrep.yml
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repo
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           ref: ${{github.event.pull_request.head.ref}}
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Calculate diff
         id: calculate_diff
-        uses: actions/github-script@v6
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
         with:
           result-encoding: string
           script: |
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Add pull request comment
         id: add_pull_request_comment
         if: contains(steps.should_run_semgrep.outputs.hasChanges, 'true')
-        uses: actions/github-script@v6.4.1
+        uses: actions/github-script@v7
         with:
           github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           result-encoding: string
diff --git a/.github/workflows/validate-merge.yml b/.github/workflows/validate-merge.yml
index 07f1baca..c44b4002 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/validate-merge.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/validate-merge.yml
@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ jobs:
     
     steps:
     - name: Install Go
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v5
       with:
         go-version: 1.20.5
 
     - name: Checkout Merged Branch
-      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
     - name: Validate
       run: |
diff --git a/.github/workflows/validate.yml b/.github/workflows/validate.yml
index 9047e1f4..a3914c3c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/validate.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/validate.yml
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ jobs:
     
     steps:
     - name: Install Go
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+      uses: actions/setup-go@v5
       with:
         go-version: ${{ matrix.go-version }}
 
     - name: Checkout Code
-      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         # Resolves to empty string for push events and falls back to HEAD.
         ref: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }}
diff --git a/adapters/adoppler/adoppler.go b/adapters/adoppler/adoppler.go
index 07cfce53..1af0b720 100644
--- a/adapters/adoppler/adoppler.go
+++ b/adapters/adoppler/adoppler.go
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ func (ads *AdopplerAdapter) MakeRequests(
 	for _, imp := range req.Imp {
 		ext, err := unmarshalExt(imp.Ext)
 		if err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, &errortypes.BadInput{err.Error()})
+			errs = append(errs, &errortypes.BadInput{Message: err.Error()})
 			continue
 		}
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ func (ads *AdopplerAdapter) MakeRequests(
 		if err != nil {
 			e := fmt.Sprintf("Unable to build bid URI: %s",
 				err.Error())
-			errs = append(errs, &errortypes.BadInput{e})
+			errs = append(errs, &errortypes.BadInput{Message: e})
 			continue
 		}
 		data := &adapters.RequestData{
@@ -110,11 +110,11 @@ func (ads *AdopplerAdapter) MakeBids(
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 	if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusBadRequest {
-		return nil, []error{&errortypes.BadInput{"bad request"}}
+		return nil, []error{&errortypes.BadInput{Message: "bad request"}}
 	}
 	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		err := &errortypes.BadServerResponse{
-			fmt.Sprintf("unexpected status: %d", resp.StatusCode),
+			Message: fmt.Sprintf("unexpected status: %d", resp.StatusCode),
 		}
 		return nil, []error{err}
 	}
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ func (ads *AdopplerAdapter) MakeBids(
 	err := json.Unmarshal(resp.Body, &bidResp)
 	if err != nil {
 		err := &errortypes.BadServerResponse{
-			fmt.Sprintf("invalid body: %s", err.Error()),
+			Message: fmt.Sprintf("invalid body: %s", err.Error()),
 		}
 		return nil, []error{err}
 	}
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ func (ads *AdopplerAdapter) MakeBids(
 	for _, imp := range intReq.Imp {
 		if _, ok := impTypes[imp.ID]; ok {
 			return nil, []error{&errortypes.BadInput{
-				fmt.Sprintf("duplicate $.imp.id %s", imp.ID),
+				Message: fmt.Sprintf("duplicate $.imp.id %s", imp.ID),
 			}}
 		}
 		if imp.Banner != nil {
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ func (ads *AdopplerAdapter) MakeBids(
 			impTypes[imp.ID] = openrtb_ext.BidTypeNative
 		} else {
 			return nil, []error{&errortypes.BadInput{
-				"one of $.imp.banner, $.imp.video, $.imp.audio and $.imp.native field required",
+				Message: "one of $.imp.banner, $.imp.video, $.imp.audio and $.imp.native field required",
 			}}
 		}
 	}
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ func (ads *AdopplerAdapter) MakeBids(
 			tp, ok := impTypes[bid.ImpID]
 			if !ok {
 				err := &errortypes.BadServerResponse{
-					fmt.Sprintf("unknown impid: %s", bid.ImpID),
+					Message: fmt.Sprintf("unknown impid: %s", bid.ImpID),
 				}
 				return nil, []error{err}
 			}
@@ -165,11 +165,11 @@ func (ads *AdopplerAdapter) MakeBids(
 			if tp == openrtb_ext.BidTypeVideo {
 				adsExt, err := unmarshalAdsExt(bid.Ext)
 				if err != nil {
-					return nil, []error{&errortypes.BadServerResponse{err.Error()}}
+					return nil, []error{&errortypes.BadServerResponse{Message: err.Error()}}
 				}
 				if adsExt == nil || adsExt.Video == nil {
 					return nil, []error{&errortypes.BadServerResponse{
-						"$.seatbid.bid.ext.ads.video required",
+						Message: "$.seatbid.bid.ext.ads.video required",
 					}}
 				}
 				bidVideo = &openrtb_ext.ExtBidPrebidVideo{
diff --git a/adapters/adquery/adquery.go b/adapters/adquery/adquery.go
index 4da3f7a4..e14c52f1 100644
--- a/adapters/adquery/adquery.go
+++ b/adapters/adquery/adquery.go
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func (a *adapter) MakeRequests(request *openrtb2.BidRequest, _ *adapters.ExtraRe
 	for _, imp := range request.Imp {
 		ext, err := parseExt(imp.Ext)
 		if err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, &errortypes.BadInput{err.Error()})
+			errs = append(errs, &errortypes.BadInput{Message: err.Error()})
 			continue
 		}
 
diff --git a/adapters/bidder.go b/adapters/bidder.go
index 2bbcb657..5f486771 100644
--- a/adapters/bidder.go
+++ b/adapters/bidder.go
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ type Bidder interface {
 type TimeoutBidder interface {
 	Bidder
 
-	// MakeTimeoutNotice functions much the same as MakeRequests, except it is fed the bidder request that timed out,
+	// MakeTimeoutNotification functions much the same as MakeRequests, except it is fed the bidder request that timed out,
 	// and expects that only one notification "request" will be generated. A use case for multiple timeout notifications
 	// has not been anticipated.
 	//
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwx.go b/adapters/bwx/bwx.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bab1fb7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwx.go
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+package bwx
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"text/template"
+
+	"github.com/prebid/openrtb/v20/openrtb2"
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/adapters"
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/config"
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/errortypes"
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/macros"
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/openrtb_ext"
+)
+
+type bidType struct {
+	Type string `json:"type"`
+}
+
+type bidExt struct {
+	Prebid bidType `json:"prebid"`
+}
+
+type adapter struct {
+	endpoint *template.Template
+}
+
+func Builder(bidderName openrtb_ext.BidderName, config config.Adapter, server config.Server) (adapters.Bidder, error) {
+	tmpl, err := template.New("endpointTemplate").Parse(config.Endpoint)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to parse endpoint URL template: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	bidder := &adapter{
+		endpoint: tmpl,
+	}
+
+	return bidder, nil
+}
+
+func (a *adapter) buildEndpointFromRequest(imp *openrtb2.Imp) (string, error) {
+	var impExt adapters.ExtImpBidder
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(imp.Ext, &impExt); err != nil {
+		return "", &errortypes.BadInput{
+			Message: fmt.Sprintf("Failed to deserialize bidder impression extension: %v", err),
+		}
+	}
+
+	var boldwinxExt openrtb_ext.ExtBWX
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(impExt.Bidder, &boldwinxExt); err != nil {
+		return "", &errortypes.BadInput{
+			Message: fmt.Sprintf("Failed to deserialize BoldwinX extension: %v", err),
+		}
+	}
+
+	endpointParams := macros.EndpointTemplateParams{
+		Host:     boldwinxExt.Env,
+		SourceId: boldwinxExt.Pid,
+	}
+
+	return macros.ResolveMacros(a.endpoint, endpointParams)
+}
+
+func (a *adapter) MakeRequests(request *openrtb2.BidRequest, requestInfo *adapters.ExtraRequestInfo) ([]*adapters.RequestData, []error) {
+	var requests []*adapters.RequestData
+	var errs []error
+
+	headers := http.Header{}
+	headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8")
+	headers.Add("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	requestCopy := *request
+	for _, imp := range request.Imp {
+		requestCopy.Imp = []openrtb2.Imp{imp}
+
+		endpoint, err := a.buildEndpointFromRequest(&imp)
+		if err != nil {
+			errs = append(errs, err)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		requestJSON, err := json.Marshal(requestCopy)
+		if err != nil {
+			errs = append(errs, err)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		request := &adapters.RequestData{
+			Method:  http.MethodPost,
+			Body:    requestJSON,
+			Uri:     endpoint,
+			Headers: headers,
+		}
+
+		requests = append(requests, request)
+	}
+
+	return requests, errs
+}
+
+func (a *adapter) MakeBids(openRTBRequest *openrtb2.BidRequest, requestToBidder *adapters.RequestData, bidderRawResponse *adapters.ResponseData) (*adapters.BidderResponse, []error) {
+	if adapters.IsResponseStatusCodeNoContent(bidderRawResponse) {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	if err := adapters.CheckResponseStatusCodeForErrors(bidderRawResponse); err != nil {
+		return nil, []error{err}
+	}
+
+	var bidResp openrtb2.BidResponse
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(bidderRawResponse.Body, &bidResp); err != nil {
+		return nil, []error{err}
+	}
+
+	if len(bidResp.SeatBid) == 0 {
+		return nil, []error{&errortypes.BadServerResponse{
+			Message: "Array SeatBid cannot be empty",
+		}}
+	}
+
+	return prepareBidResponse(bidResp.SeatBid)
+}
+
+func prepareBidResponse(seats []openrtb2.SeatBid) (*adapters.BidderResponse, []error) {
+	var errs []error
+	bidResponse := adapters.NewBidderResponseWithBidsCapacity(len(seats))
+
+	for _, seatBid := range seats {
+		for idx, bid := range seatBid.Bid {
+			bidType, err := getMediaTypeForBid(bid)
+			if err != nil {
+				errs = append(errs, err)
+				continue
+			}
+
+			bidResponse.Bids = append(bidResponse.Bids, &adapters.TypedBid{
+				Bid:     &seatBid.Bid[idx],
+				BidType: bidType,
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	return bidResponse, errs
+}
+
+func getMediaTypeForBid(bid openrtb2.Bid) (openrtb_ext.BidType, error) {
+	switch bid.MType {
+	case openrtb2.MarkupBanner:
+		return openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner, nil
+	case openrtb2.MarkupVideo:
+		return openrtb_ext.BidTypeVideo, nil
+	case openrtb2.MarkupNative:
+		return openrtb_ext.BidTypeNative, nil
+	default:
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to parse bid mtype (%d) for impression id \"%s\"", bid.MType, bid.ImpID)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/adapters/improvedigital/improvedigital.go b/adapters/improvedigital/improvedigital.go
index c00acfa7..3fd514be 100644
--- a/adapters/improvedigital/improvedigital.go
+++ b/adapters/improvedigital/improvedigital.go
@@ -287,13 +287,17 @@ func (a *ImprovedigitalAdapter) getAdditionalConsentProvidersUserExt(request ope
 	}
 	// End validating additional consent
 
-	// Check if string contain ~, then substring after ~ to end of string
-	consentStr := string(cpMapValue)
-	var tildaPosition int
-	if tildaPosition = strings.Index(consentStr, "~"); tildaPosition == -1 {
+	// Trim enclosing quotes after casting json.RawMessage to string
+	consentStr := strings.Trim((string)(cpMapValue), "\"")
+	// Split by ~ and take only the second string (if exists) as the consented providers spec
+	var consentStrParts = strings.Split(consentStr, "~")
+	if len(consentStrParts) < 2 {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	cpStr = strings.TrimSpace(consentStrParts[1])
+	if len(cpStr) == 0 {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
-	cpStr = consentStr[tildaPosition+1 : len(consentStr)-1]
 
 	// Prepare consent providers string
 	cpStr = fmt.Sprintf("[%s]", strings.Replace(cpStr, ".", ",", -1))
diff --git a/adapters/stroeerCore/stroeercore.go b/adapters/stroeerCore/stroeercore.go
index 733d549e..f2ef4923 100644
--- a/adapters/stroeerCore/stroeercore.go
+++ b/adapters/stroeerCore/stroeercore.go
@@ -23,17 +23,22 @@ type response struct {
 }
 
 type bidResponse struct {
-	ID     string  `json:"id"`
-	BidID  string  `json:"bidId"`
-	CPM    float64 `json:"cpm"`
-	Width  int64   `json:"width"`
-	Height int64   `json:"height"`
-	Ad     string  `json:"ad"`
-	CrID   string  `json:"crid"`
-	Mtype  string  `json:"mtype"`
+	ID     string          `json:"id"`
+	BidID  string          `json:"bidId"`
+	CPM    float64         `json:"cpm"`
+	Width  int64           `json:"width"`
+	Height int64           `json:"height"`
+	Ad     string          `json:"ad"`
+	CrID   string          `json:"crid"`
+	Mtype  string          `json:"mtype"`
+	DSA    json.RawMessage `json:"dsa"`
 }
 
-func (b bidResponse) resolveMediaType() (mt openrtb2.MarkupType, bt openrtb_ext.BidType, err error) {
+type bidExt struct {
+	DSA json.RawMessage `json:"dsa,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (b *bidResponse) resolveMediaType() (mt openrtb2.MarkupType, bt openrtb_ext.BidType, err error) {
 	switch b.Mtype {
 	case "banner":
 		return openrtb2.MarkupBanner, openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner, nil
@@ -82,6 +87,15 @@ func (a *adapter) MakeBids(bidRequest *openrtb2.BidRequest, requestData *adapter
 			MType: markupType,
 		}
 
+		if bid.DSA != nil {
+			dsaJson, err := json.Marshal(bidExt{bid.DSA})
+			if err != nil {
+				errors = append(errors, err)
+			} else {
+				openRtbBid.Ext = dsaJson
+			}
+		}
+
 		bidderResponse.Bids = append(bidderResponse.Bids, &adapters.TypedBid{
 			Bid:     &openRtbBid,
 			BidType: bidType,
diff --git a/adapters/yieldlab/types.go b/adapters/yieldlab/types.go
index 90612700..9d3bc6a2 100644
--- a/adapters/yieldlab/types.go
+++ b/adapters/yieldlab/types.go
@@ -1,18 +1,60 @@
 package yieldlab
 
 import (
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/openrtb_ext"
 	"strconv"
 	"time"
 )
 
 type bidResponse struct {
-	ID         uint64 `json:"id"`
-	Price      uint   `json:"price"`
-	Advertiser string `json:"advertiser"`
-	Adsize     string `json:"adsize"`
-	Pid        uint64 `json:"pid"`
-	Did        uint64 `json:"did"`
-	Pvid       string `json:"pvid"`
+	ID         uint64       `json:"id"`
+	Price      uint         `json:"price"`
+	Advertiser string       `json:"advertiser"`
+	Adsize     string       `json:"adsize"`
+	Pid        uint64       `json:"pid"`
+	Did        uint64       `json:"did"`
+	Pvid       string       `json:"pvid"`
+	DSA        *dsaResponse `json:"dsa,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// dsaResponse defines Digital Service Act (DSA) parameters from Yieldlab yieldprobe response.
+type dsaResponse struct {
+	Behalf       string            `json:"behalf,omitempty"`
+	Paid         string            `json:"paid,omitempty"`
+	Adrender     *int              `json:"adrender,omitempty"`
+	Transparency []dsaTransparency `json:"transparency,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// openRTBExtRegsWithDSA defines the contract for bidrequest.regs.ext with the missing DSA property.
+//
+// The openrtb_ext.ExtRegs needs to be extended on yieldlab adapter level until DSA has been implemented
+// by the prebid server team (https://github.com/prebid/prebid-server/issues/3424).
+type openRTBExtRegsWithDSA struct {
+	openrtb_ext.ExtRegs
+	DSA *dsaRequest `json:"dsa,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// responseExtWithDSA defines seatbid.bid.ext with the DSA object.
+type responseExtWithDSA struct {
+	DSA dsaResponse `json:"dsa"`
+}
+
+// dsaRequest defines Digital Service Act (DSA) parameter
+// as specified by the OpenRTB 2.X DSA Transparency community extension.
+//
+// Should rather come from openrtb_ext package but will be defined here until DSA has been
+// implemented by the prebid server team (https://github.com/prebid/prebid-server/issues/3424).
+type dsaRequest struct {
+	Required     *int              `json:"dsarequired"`
+	PubRender    *int              `json:"pubrender"`
+	DataToPub    *int              `json:"datatopub"`
+	Transparency []dsaTransparency `json:"transparency"`
+}
+
+// dsaTransparency Digital Service Act (DSA) transparency object
+type dsaTransparency struct {
+	Domain string `json:"domain,omitempty"`
+	Params []int  `json:"dsaparams,omitempty"`
 }
 
 type cacheBuster func() string
diff --git a/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlab.go b/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlab.go
index 744a45ae..ed7c283e 100644
--- a/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlab.go
+++ b/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlab.go
@@ -96,11 +96,94 @@ func (a *YieldlabAdapter) makeEndpointURL(req *openrtb2.BidRequest, params *open
 		}
 	}
 
+	dsa, err := getDSA(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if dsa != nil {
+		if dsa.Required != nil {
+			q.Set("dsarequired", strconv.Itoa(*dsa.Required))
+		}
+		if dsa.PubRender != nil {
+			q.Set("dsapubrender", strconv.Itoa(*dsa.PubRender))
+		}
+		if dsa.DataToPub != nil {
+			q.Set("dsadatatopub", strconv.Itoa(*dsa.DataToPub))
+		}
+		if len(dsa.Transparency) != 0 {
+			transparencyParam := makeDSATransparencyURLParam(dsa.Transparency)
+			if len(transparencyParam) != 0 {
+				q.Set("dsatransparency", transparencyParam)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	uri.RawQuery = q.Encode()
 
 	return uri.String(), nil
 }
 
+// getDSA extracts the Digital Service Act (DSA) properties from the request.
+func getDSA(req *openrtb2.BidRequest) (*dsaRequest, error) {
+	if req.Regs == nil || req.Regs.Ext == nil {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	var extRegs openRTBExtRegsWithDSA
+	err := json.Unmarshal(req.Regs.Ext, &extRegs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse Regs.Ext object from Yieldlab response: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return extRegs.DSA, nil
+}
+
+// makeDSATransparencyURLParam creates the transparency url parameter
+// as specified by the OpenRTB 2.X DSA Transparency community extension.
+//
+// Example result: platform1domain.com~1~~SSP2domain.com~1_2
+func makeDSATransparencyURLParam(transparencyObjects []dsaTransparency) string {
+	valueSeparator, itemSeparator, objectSeparator := "_", "~", "~~"
+
+	var b strings.Builder
+
+	concatParams := func(params []int) {
+		b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(params[0]))
+		for _, param := range params[1:] {
+			b.WriteString(valueSeparator)
+			b.WriteString(strconv.Itoa(param))
+		}
+	}
+
+	concatTransparency := func(object dsaTransparency) {
+		if len(object.Domain) == 0 {
+			return
+		}
+
+		b.WriteString(object.Domain)
+		if len(object.Params) != 0 {
+			b.WriteString(itemSeparator)
+			concatParams(object.Params)
+		}
+	}
+
+	concatTransparencies := func(objects []dsaTransparency) {
+		if len(objects) == 0 {
+			return
+		}
+
+		concatTransparency(objects[0])
+		for _, obj := range objects[1:] {
+			b.WriteString(objectSeparator)
+			concatTransparency(obj)
+		}
+	}
+
+	concatTransparencies(transparencyObjects)
+
+	return b.String()
+}
+
 func (a *YieldlabAdapter) makeFormats(req *openrtb2.BidRequest) (bool, string) {
 	var formats []string
 	const sizesSeparator, adslotSizesSeparator = "|", ","
@@ -253,6 +336,7 @@ func (a *YieldlabAdapter) MakeBids(internalRequest *openrtb2.BidRequest, externa
 		}
 	}
 
+	var bidErrors []error
 	for _, bid := range bids {
 		width, height, err := splitSize(bid.Adsize)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -269,7 +353,13 @@ func (a *YieldlabAdapter) MakeBids(internalRequest *openrtb2.BidRequest, externa
 		if imp, exists := adslotToImpMap[strconv.FormatUint(bid.ID, 10)]; !exists {
 			continue
 		} else {
-			var bidType openrtb_ext.BidType
+			extJson, err := makeResponseExt(bid)
+			if err != nil {
+				bidErrors = append(bidErrors, err)
+				// skip as bids with missing ext.dsa will be discarded anyway
+				continue
+			}
+
 			responseBid := &openrtb2.Bid{
 				ID:     strconv.FormatUint(bid.ID, 10),
 				Price:  float64(bid.Price) / 100,
@@ -278,8 +368,10 @@ func (a *YieldlabAdapter) MakeBids(internalRequest *openrtb2.BidRequest, externa
 				DealID: strconv.FormatUint(bid.Pid, 10),
 				W:      int64(width),
 				H:      int64(height),
+				Ext:    extJson,
 			}
 
+			var bidType openrtb_ext.BidType
 			if imp.Video != nil {
 				bidType = openrtb_ext.BidTypeVideo
 				responseBid.NURL = a.makeAdSourceURL(internalRequest, req, bid)
@@ -299,7 +391,18 @@ func (a *YieldlabAdapter) MakeBids(internalRequest *openrtb2.BidRequest, externa
 		}
 	}
 
-	return bidderResponse, nil
+	return bidderResponse, bidErrors
+}
+
+func makeResponseExt(bid *bidResponse) (json.RawMessage, error) {
+	if bid.DSA != nil {
+		extJson, err := json.Marshal(responseExtWithDSA{*bid.DSA})
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to make JSON for seatbid.bid.ext for adslotID %v. This is most likely a programming issue", bid.ID)
+		}
+		return extJson, nil
+	}
+	return nil, nil
 }
 
 func (a *YieldlabAdapter) findBidReq(adslotID uint64, params []*openrtb_ext.ExtImpYieldlab) *openrtb_ext.ExtImpYieldlab {
diff --git a/amp/parse.go b/amp/parse.go
index 54dcc8e0..12663ee9 100644
--- a/amp/parse.go
+++ b/amp/parse.go
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func ReadPolicy(ampParams Params, pbsConfigGDPREnabled bool) (privacy.PolicyWrit
 			warningMsg = validateTCf2ConsentString(ampParams.Consent)
 		}
 	case ConsentUSPrivacy:
-		rv = ccpa.ConsentWriter{ampParams.Consent}
+		rv = ccpa.ConsentWriter{Consent: ampParams.Consent}
 		if ccpa.ValidateConsent(ampParams.Consent) {
 			if parseGdprApplies(ampParams.GdprApplies) == 1 {
 				// Log warning because AMP request comes with both a valid CCPA string and gdpr_applies set to true
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ func ReadPolicy(ampParams Params, pbsConfigGDPREnabled bool) (privacy.PolicyWrit
 		}
 	default:
 		if ccpa.ValidateConsent(ampParams.Consent) {
-			rv = ccpa.ConsentWriter{ampParams.Consent}
+			rv = ccpa.ConsentWriter{Consent: ampParams.Consent}
 			if parseGdprApplies(ampParams.GdprApplies) == 1 {
 				warningMsg = "AMP request gdpr_applies value was ignored because provided consent string is a CCPA consent string"
 			}
diff --git a/dsa/validate.go b/dsa/validate.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f6ece66e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dsa/validate.go
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+package dsa
+
+import (
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/exchange/entities"
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/openrtb_ext"
+
+	"github.com/buger/jsonparser"
+)
+
+const (
+	// Required - bid responses without DSA object will not be accepted
+	Required = 2
+	// RequiredOnlinePlatform - bid responses without DSA object will not be accepted, Publisher is an Online Platform
+	RequiredOnlinePlatform = 3
+)
+
+// Validate determines whether a given bid is valid from a DSA perspective.
+// A bid is considered valid unless the bid request indicates that a DSA object is required
+// in bid responses and the object happens to be missing from the specified bid.
+func Validate(req *openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper, bid *entities.PbsOrtbBid) (valid bool) {
+	if !dsaRequired(req) {
+		return true
+	}
+	if bid == nil || bid.Bid == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	_, dataType, _, err := jsonparser.Get(bid.Bid.Ext, "dsa")
+	if dataType == jsonparser.Object && err == nil {
+		return true
+	} else if err != nil && err != jsonparser.KeyPathNotFoundError {
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// dsaRequired examines the bid request to determine if the dsarequired field indicates
+// that bid responses include a dsa object
+func dsaRequired(req *openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper) bool {
+	regExt, err := req.GetRegExt()
+	if regExt == nil || err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	regsDSA := regExt.GetDSA()
+	if regsDSA == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if regsDSA.Required == Required || regsDSA.Required == RequiredOnlinePlatform {
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
diff --git a/errortypes/code.go b/errortypes/code.go
index 1de5e648..399dd663 100644
--- a/errortypes/code.go
+++ b/errortypes/code.go
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ const (
 	AdServerTargetingWarningCode
 	BidAdjustmentWarningCode
 	FloorBidRejectionWarningCode
+	InvalidBidResponseDSAWarningCode
 )
 
 // Coder provides an error or warning code with severity.
diff --git a/exchange/adapter_builders.go b/exchange/adapter_builders.go
index 639ea93a..e188d293 100755
--- a/exchange/adapter_builders.go
+++ b/exchange/adapter_builders.go
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/adapters/bmtm"
 	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/adapters/boldwin"
 	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/adapters/brave"
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/adapters/bwx"
 	cadentaperturemx "github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/adapters/cadent_aperture_mx"
 	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/adapters/ccx"
 	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/adapters/coinzilla"
@@ -260,6 +261,7 @@ func newAdapterBuilders() map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]adapters.Builder {
 		openrtb_ext.BidderBmtm:              bmtm.Builder,
 		openrtb_ext.BidderBoldwin:           boldwin.Builder,
 		openrtb_ext.BidderBrave:             brave.Builder,
+		openrtb_ext.BidderBWX:               bwx.Builder,
 		openrtb_ext.BidderCadentApertureMX:  cadentaperturemx.Builder,
 		openrtb_ext.BidderCcx:               ccx.Builder,
 		openrtb_ext.BidderCoinzilla:         coinzilla.Builder,
diff --git a/exchange/auction.go b/exchange/auction.go
index c02e9141..94f0121d 100644
--- a/exchange/auction.go
+++ b/exchange/auction.go
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ func (d *DebugLog) PutDebugLogError(cache prebid_cache_client.Client, timeout in
 
 func newAuction(seatBids map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*entities.PbsOrtbSeatBid, numImps int, preferDeals bool) *auction {
 	winningBids := make(map[string]*entities.PbsOrtbBid, numImps)
-	winningBidsByBidder := make(map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid, numImps)
+	allBidsByBidder := make(map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid, numImps)
 
 	for bidderName, seatBid := range seatBids {
 		if seatBid != nil {
@@ -118,10 +118,10 @@ func newAuction(seatBids map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*entities.PbsOrtbSeatBid, nu
 					winningBids[bid.Bid.ImpID] = bid
 				}
 
-				if bidMap, ok := winningBidsByBidder[bid.Bid.ImpID]; ok {
+				if bidMap, ok := allBidsByBidder[bid.Bid.ImpID]; ok {
 					bidMap[bidderName] = append(bidMap[bidderName], bid)
 				} else {
-					winningBidsByBidder[bid.Bid.ImpID] = map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+					allBidsByBidder[bid.Bid.ImpID] = map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 						bidderName: {bid},
 					}
 				}
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ func newAuction(seatBids map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*entities.PbsOrtbSeatBid, nu
 	}
 
 	return &auction{
-		winningBids:         winningBids,
-		winningBidsByBidder: winningBidsByBidder,
+		winningBids:     winningBids,
+		allBidsByBidder: allBidsByBidder,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ func isNewWinningBid(bid, wbid *openrtb2.Bid, preferDeals bool) bool {
 func (a *auction) validateAndUpdateMultiBid(adapterBids map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*entities.PbsOrtbSeatBid, preferDeals bool, accountDefaultBidLimit int) {
 	bidsSnipped := false
 	// sort bids for multibid targeting
-	for _, topBidsPerBidder := range a.winningBidsByBidder {
+	for _, topBidsPerBidder := range a.allBidsByBidder {
 		for bidder, topBids := range topBidsPerBidder {
 			sort.Slice(topBids, func(i, j int) bool {
 				return isNewWinningBid(topBids[i].Bid, topBids[j].Bid, preferDeals)
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ func (a *auction) validateAndUpdateMultiBid(adapterBids map[openrtb_ext.BidderNa
 
 func (a *auction) setRoundedPrices(targetingData targetData) {
 	roundedPrices := make(map[*entities.PbsOrtbBid]string, 5*len(a.winningBids))
-	for _, topBidsPerImp := range a.winningBidsByBidder {
+	for _, topBidsPerImp := range a.allBidsByBidder {
 		for _, topBidsPerBidder := range topBidsPerImp {
 			for _, topBid := range topBidsPerBidder {
 				roundedPrices[topBid] = GetPriceBucket(*topBid.Bid, targetingData)
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ func (a *auction) doCache(ctx context.Context, cache prebid_cache_client.Client,
 	for _, imp := range bidRequest.Imp {
 		expByImp[imp.ID] = imp.Exp
 	}
-	for impID, topBidsPerImp := range a.winningBidsByBidder {
+	for impID, topBidsPerImp := range a.allBidsByBidder {
 		for bidderName, topBidsPerBidder := range topBidsPerImp {
 			for _, topBid := range topBidsPerBidder {
 				isOverallWinner := a.winningBids[impID] == topBid
@@ -394,8 +394,8 @@ func defTTL(bidType openrtb_ext.BidType, defaultTTLs *config.DefaultTTLs) (ttl i
 type auction struct {
 	// winningBids is a map from imp.id to the highest overall CPM bid in that imp.
 	winningBids map[string]*entities.PbsOrtbBid
-	// winningBidsByBidder stores the highest bid on each imp by each bidder.
-	winningBidsByBidder map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid
+	// allBidsByBidder is map from ImpID to another map that maps bidderName to all bids from that bidder.
+	allBidsByBidder map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid
 	// roundedPrices stores the price strings rounded for each bid according to the price granularity.
 	roundedPrices map[*entities.PbsOrtbBid]string
 	// cacheIds stores the UUIDs from Prebid Cache for fetching the full bid JSON.
diff --git a/exchange/bidder.go b/exchange/bidder.go
index 96f8ac9b..8b54f984 100644
--- a/exchange/bidder.go
+++ b/exchange/bidder.go
@@ -523,8 +523,6 @@ func (bidder *bidderAdapter) doRequest(ctx context.Context, req *adapters.Reques
 }
 
 func (bidder *bidderAdapter) doRequestImpl(ctx context.Context, req *adapters.RequestData, logger util.LogMsg, bidderRequestStartTime time.Time, tmaxAdjustments *TmaxAdjustmentsPreprocessed) *httpCallInfo {
-	var requestBody []byte
-
 	requestBody, err := getRequestBody(req, bidder.config.EndpointCompression)
 	if err != nil {
 		return &httpCallInfo{
@@ -532,7 +530,7 @@ func (bidder *bidderAdapter) doRequestImpl(ctx context.Context, req *adapters.Re
 			err:     err,
 		}
 	}
-	httpReq, err := http.NewRequest(req.Method, req.Uri, bytes.NewBuffer(requestBody))
+	httpReq, err := http.NewRequest(req.Method, req.Uri, requestBody)
 	if err != nil {
 		return &httpCallInfo{
 			request: req,
@@ -746,18 +744,16 @@ func hasShorterDurationThanTmax(ctx bidderTmaxContext, tmaxAdjustments TmaxAdjus
 	return false
 }
 
-func getRequestBody(req *adapters.RequestData, endpointCompression string) ([]byte, error) {
-	var requestBody []byte
-
+func getRequestBody(req *adapters.RequestData, endpointCompression string) (*bytes.Buffer, error) {
 	switch strings.ToUpper(endpointCompression) {
 	case Gzip:
 		// Compress to GZIP
-		var b bytes.Buffer
+		b := bytes.NewBuffer(make([]byte, 0, len(req.Body)))
 
 		w := gzipWriterPool.Get().(*gzip.Writer)
 		defer gzipWriterPool.Put(w)
 
-		w.Reset(&b)
+		w.Reset(b)
 		_, err := w.Write(req.Body)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
@@ -766,14 +762,13 @@ func getRequestBody(req *adapters.RequestData, endpointCompression string) ([]by
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
-		requestBody = b.Bytes()
 
 		// Set Header
 		req.Headers.Set("Content-Encoding", "gzip")
 
-		return requestBody, nil
+		return b, nil
 	default:
-		return req.Body, nil
+		return bytes.NewBuffer(req.Body), nil
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/exchange/exchange.go b/exchange/exchange.go
index 7c604886..b9dae672 100644
--- a/exchange/exchange.go
+++ b/exchange/exchange.go
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/bidadjustment"
 	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/config"
 	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/currency"
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/dsa"
 	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/errortypes"
 	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/exchange/entities"
 	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/experiment/adscert"
@@ -494,7 +495,7 @@ func (e *exchange) HoldAuction(ctx context.Context, r *AuctionRequest, debugLog
 	e.bidValidationEnforcement.SetBannerCreativeMaxSize(r.Account.Validations)
 
 	// Build the response
-	bidResponse := e.buildBidResponse(ctx, liveAdapters, adapterBids, r.BidRequestWrapper.BidRequest, adapterExtra, auc, bidResponseExt, cacheInstructions.returnCreative, r.ImpExtInfoMap, r.PubID, errs, &seatNonBids)
+	bidResponse := e.buildBidResponse(ctx, liveAdapters, adapterBids, r.BidRequestWrapper, adapterExtra, auc, bidResponseExt, cacheInstructions.returnCreative, r.ImpExtInfoMap, r.PubID, errs, &seatNonBids)
 	bidResponse = adservertargeting.Apply(r.BidRequestWrapper, r.ResolvedBidRequest, bidResponse, r.QueryParams, bidResponseExt, r.Account.TruncateTargetAttribute)
 
 	bidResponse.Ext, err = encodeBidResponseExt(bidResponseExt)
@@ -574,7 +575,7 @@ func applyDealSupport(bidRequest *openrtb2.BidRequest, auc *auction, bidCategory
 	errs := []error{}
 	impDealMap := getDealTiers(bidRequest)
 
-	for impID, topBidsPerImp := range auc.winningBidsByBidder {
+	for impID, topBidsPerImp := range auc.allBidsByBidder {
 		impDeal := impDealMap[impID]
 		for bidder, topBidsPerBidder := range topBidsPerImp {
 			bidderNormalized, bidderFound := openrtb_ext.NormalizeBidderName(bidder.String())
@@ -890,7 +891,7 @@ func errsToBidderWarnings(errs []error) []openrtb_ext.ExtBidderMessage {
 }
 
 // This piece takes all the bids supplied by the adapters and crafts an openRTB response to send back to the requester
-func (e *exchange) buildBidResponse(ctx context.Context, liveAdapters []openrtb_ext.BidderName, adapterSeatBids map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*entities.PbsOrtbSeatBid, bidRequest *openrtb2.BidRequest, adapterExtra map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*seatResponseExtra, auc *auction, bidResponseExt *openrtb_ext.ExtBidResponse, returnCreative bool, impExtInfoMap map[string]ImpExtInfo, pubID string, errList []error, seatNonBids *nonBids) *openrtb2.BidResponse {
+func (e *exchange) buildBidResponse(ctx context.Context, liveAdapters []openrtb_ext.BidderName, adapterSeatBids map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*entities.PbsOrtbSeatBid, bidRequest *openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper, adapterExtra map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*seatResponseExtra, auc *auction, bidResponseExt *openrtb_ext.ExtBidResponse, returnCreative bool, impExtInfoMap map[string]ImpExtInfo, pubID string, errList []error, seatNonBids *nonBids) *openrtb2.BidResponse {
 	bidResponse := new(openrtb2.BidResponse)
 
 	bidResponse.ID = bidRequest.ID
@@ -905,7 +906,7 @@ func (e *exchange) buildBidResponse(ctx context.Context, liveAdapters []openrtb_
 	for a, adapterSeatBids := range adapterSeatBids {
 		//while processing every single bib, do we need to handle categories here?
 		if adapterSeatBids != nil && len(adapterSeatBids.Bids) > 0 {
-			sb := e.makeSeatBid(adapterSeatBids, a, adapterExtra, auc, returnCreative, impExtInfoMap, bidResponseExt, pubID, seatNonBids)
+			sb := e.makeSeatBid(adapterSeatBids, a, adapterExtra, auc, returnCreative, impExtInfoMap, bidRequest, bidResponseExt, pubID, seatNonBids)
 			seatBids = append(seatBids, *sb)
 			bidResponse.Cur = adapterSeatBids.Currency
 		}
@@ -1224,14 +1225,14 @@ func (e *exchange) makeExtBidResponse(adapterBids map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*en
 
 // Return an openrtb seatBid for a bidder
 // buildBidResponse is responsible for ensuring nil bid seatbids are not included
-func (e *exchange) makeSeatBid(adapterBid *entities.PbsOrtbSeatBid, adapter openrtb_ext.BidderName, adapterExtra map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*seatResponseExtra, auc *auction, returnCreative bool, impExtInfoMap map[string]ImpExtInfo, bidResponseExt *openrtb_ext.ExtBidResponse, pubID string, seatNonBids *nonBids) *openrtb2.SeatBid {
+func (e *exchange) makeSeatBid(adapterBid *entities.PbsOrtbSeatBid, adapter openrtb_ext.BidderName, adapterExtra map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*seatResponseExtra, auc *auction, returnCreative bool, impExtInfoMap map[string]ImpExtInfo, bidRequest *openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper, bidResponseExt *openrtb_ext.ExtBidResponse, pubID string, seatNonBids *nonBids) *openrtb2.SeatBid {
 	seatBid := &openrtb2.SeatBid{
 		Seat:  adapter.String(),
 		Group: 0, // Prebid cannot support roadblocking
 	}
 
 	var errList []error
-	seatBid.Bid, errList = e.makeBid(adapterBid.Bids, auc, returnCreative, impExtInfoMap, bidResponseExt, adapter, pubID, seatNonBids)
+	seatBid.Bid, errList = e.makeBid(adapterBid.Bids, auc, returnCreative, impExtInfoMap, bidRequest, bidResponseExt, adapter, pubID, seatNonBids)
 	if len(errList) > 0 {
 		adapterExtra[adapter].Errors = append(adapterExtra[adapter].Errors, errsToBidderErrors(errList)...)
 	}
@@ -1239,11 +1240,21 @@ func (e *exchange) makeSeatBid(adapterBid *entities.PbsOrtbSeatBid, adapter open
 	return seatBid
 }
 
-func (e *exchange) makeBid(bids []*entities.PbsOrtbBid, auc *auction, returnCreative bool, impExtInfoMap map[string]ImpExtInfo, bidResponseExt *openrtb_ext.ExtBidResponse, adapter openrtb_ext.BidderName, pubID string, seatNonBids *nonBids) ([]openrtb2.Bid, []error) {
+func (e *exchange) makeBid(bids []*entities.PbsOrtbBid, auc *auction, returnCreative bool, impExtInfoMap map[string]ImpExtInfo, bidRequest *openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper, bidResponseExt *openrtb_ext.ExtBidResponse, adapter openrtb_ext.BidderName, pubID string, seatNonBids *nonBids) ([]openrtb2.Bid, []error) {
 	result := make([]openrtb2.Bid, 0, len(bids))
 	errs := make([]error, 0, 1)
 
 	for _, bid := range bids {
+		if !dsa.Validate(bidRequest, bid) {
+			RequiredError := openrtb_ext.ExtBidderMessage{
+				Code:    errortypes.InvalidBidResponseDSAWarningCode,
+				Message: "bid response rejected: DSA object missing when required",
+			}
+			bidResponseExt.Warnings[adapter] = append(bidResponseExt.Warnings[adapter], RequiredError)
+
+			seatNonBids.addBid(bid, int(ResponseRejectedGeneral), adapter.String())
+			continue // Don't add bid to result
+		}
 		if e.bidValidationEnforcement.BannerCreativeMaxSize == config.ValidationEnforce && bid.BidType == openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner {
 			if !e.validateBannerCreativeSize(bid, bidResponseExt, adapter, pubID, e.bidValidationEnforcement.BannerCreativeMaxSize) {
 				seatNonBids.addBid(bid, int(ResponseRejectedCreativeSizeNotAllowed), adapter.String())
diff --git a/exchange/non_bid_reason.go b/exchange/non_bid_reason.go
index 4d817a67..2dff2dfb 100644
--- a/exchange/non_bid_reason.go
+++ b/exchange/non_bid_reason.go
@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ package exchange
 type NonBidReason int
 
 const (
-	NoBidUnknownError                      NonBidReason = 0   // No Bid - General
+	NoBidUnknownError                      NonBidReason = 0 // No Bid - General
+	ResponseRejectedGeneral                NonBidReason = 300
 	ResponseRejectedCategoryMappingInvalid NonBidReason = 303 // Response Rejected - Category Mapping Invalid
 	ResponseRejectedCreativeSizeNotAllowed NonBidReason = 351 // Response Rejected - Invalid Creative (Size Not Allowed)
 	ResponseRejectedCreativeNotSecure      NonBidReason = 352 // Response Rejected - Invalid Creative (Not Secure)
diff --git a/exchange/targeting.go b/exchange/targeting.go
index 0047ba8b..d5ce7152 100644
--- a/exchange/targeting.go
+++ b/exchange/targeting.go
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ type targetData struct {
 	includeCacheVast          bool
 	includeFormat             bool
 	preferDeals               bool
+	alwaysIncludeDeals        bool
 	// cacheHost and cachePath exist to supply cache host and path as targeting parameters
 	cacheHost string
 	cachePath string
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ type targetData struct {
 // it's ok if those stay in the auction. For now, this method implements a very naive cache strategy.
 // In the future, we should implement a more clever retry & backoff strategy to balance the success rate & performance.
 func (targData *targetData) setTargeting(auc *auction, isApp bool, categoryMapping map[string]string, truncateTargetAttr *int, multiBidMap map[string]openrtb_ext.ExtMultiBid) {
-	for impId, topBidsPerImp := range auc.winningBidsByBidder {
+	for impId, topBidsPerImp := range auc.allBidsByBidder {
 		overallWinner := auc.winningBids[impId]
 		for originalBidderName, topBidsPerBidder := range topBidsPerImp {
 			targetingBidderCode := originalBidderName
@@ -61,40 +62,42 @@ func (targData *targetData) setTargeting(auc *auction, isApp bool, categoryMappi
 
 				isOverallWinner := overallWinner == topBid
 
+				bidHasDeal := len(topBid.Bid.DealID) > 0
+
 				targets := make(map[string]string, 10)
 				if cpm, ok := auc.roundedPrices[topBid]; ok {
-					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbpbConstantKey, cpm, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr)
+					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbpbConstantKey, cpm, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr, bidHasDeal)
 				}
-				targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbBidderConstantKey, string(targetingBidderCode), targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr)
+				targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbBidderConstantKey, string(targetingBidderCode), targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr, bidHasDeal)
 				if hbSize := makeHbSize(topBid.Bid); hbSize != "" {
-					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbSizeConstantKey, hbSize, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr)
+					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbSizeConstantKey, hbSize, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr, bidHasDeal)
 				}
 				if cacheID, ok := auc.cacheIds[topBid.Bid]; ok {
-					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbCacheKey, cacheID, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr)
+					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbCacheKey, cacheID, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr, bidHasDeal)
 				}
 				if vastID, ok := auc.vastCacheIds[topBid.Bid]; ok {
-					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbVastCacheKey, vastID, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr)
+					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbVastCacheKey, vastID, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr, bidHasDeal)
 				}
 				if targData.includeFormat {
-					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbFormatKey, string(topBid.BidType), targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr)
+					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbFormatKey, string(topBid.BidType), targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr, bidHasDeal)
 				}
 
 				if targData.cacheHost != "" {
-					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbConstantCacheHostKey, targData.cacheHost, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr)
+					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbConstantCacheHostKey, targData.cacheHost, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr, bidHasDeal)
 				}
 				if targData.cachePath != "" {
-					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbConstantCachePathKey, targData.cachePath, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr)
+					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbConstantCachePathKey, targData.cachePath, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr, bidHasDeal)
 				}
 
-				if deal := topBid.Bid.DealID; len(deal) > 0 {
-					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbDealIDConstantKey, deal, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr)
+				if bidHasDeal {
+					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbDealIDConstantKey, topBid.Bid.DealID, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr, bidHasDeal)
 				}
 
 				if isApp {
-					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbEnvKey, openrtb_ext.HbEnvKeyApp, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr)
+					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbEnvKey, openrtb_ext.HbEnvKeyApp, targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr, bidHasDeal)
 				}
 				if len(categoryMapping) > 0 {
-					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbCategoryDurationKey, categoryMapping[topBid.Bid.ID], targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr)
+					targData.addKeys(targets, openrtb_ext.HbCategoryDurationKey, categoryMapping[topBid.Bid.ID], targetingBidderCode, isOverallWinner, truncateTargetAttr, bidHasDeal)
 				}
 				topBid.BidTargets = targets
 			}
@@ -102,7 +105,7 @@ func (targData *targetData) setTargeting(auc *auction, isApp bool, categoryMappi
 	}
 }
 
-func (targData *targetData) addKeys(keys map[string]string, key openrtb_ext.TargetingKey, value string, bidderName openrtb_ext.BidderName, overallWinner bool, truncateTargetAttr *int) {
+func (targData *targetData) addKeys(keys map[string]string, key openrtb_ext.TargetingKey, value string, bidderName openrtb_ext.BidderName, overallWinner bool, truncateTargetAttr *int, bidHasDeal bool) {
 	var maxLength int
 	if truncateTargetAttr != nil {
 		maxLength = *truncateTargetAttr
@@ -112,7 +115,7 @@ func (targData *targetData) addKeys(keys map[string]string, key openrtb_ext.Targ
 	} else {
 		maxLength = MaxKeyLength
 	}
-	if targData.includeBidderKeys {
+	if targData.includeBidderKeys || (targData.alwaysIncludeDeals && bidHasDeal) {
 		keys[key.BidderKey(bidderName, maxLength)] = value
 	}
 	if targData.includeWinners && overallWinner {
diff --git a/exchange/utils.go b/exchange/utils.go
index 87358068..676c015a 100644
--- a/exchange/utils.go
+++ b/exchange/utils.go
@@ -879,6 +879,7 @@ func getExtTargetData(requestExtPrebid *openrtb_ext.ExtRequestPrebid, cacheInstr
 			priceGranularity:          *requestExtPrebid.Targeting.PriceGranularity,
 			mediaTypePriceGranularity: requestExtPrebid.Targeting.MediaTypePriceGranularity,
 			preferDeals:               requestExtPrebid.Targeting.PreferDeals,
+			alwaysIncludeDeals:        requestExtPrebid.Targeting.AlwaysIncludeDeals,
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/openrtb_ext/bidders.go b/openrtb_ext/bidders.go
index 91217f18..173120f7 100644
--- a/openrtb_ext/bidders.go
+++ b/openrtb_ext/bidders.go
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ var coreBidderNames []BidderName = []BidderName{
 	BidderBmtm,
 	BidderBoldwin,
 	BidderBrave,
+	BidderBWX,
 	BidderCadentApertureMX,
 	BidderCcx,
 	BidderCoinzilla,
@@ -354,6 +355,7 @@ const (
 	BidderBmtm              BidderName = "bmtm"
 	BidderBoldwin           BidderName = "boldwin"
 	BidderBrave             BidderName = "brave"
+	BidderBWX               BidderName = "bwx"
 	BidderCadentApertureMX  BidderName = "cadent_aperture_mx"
 	BidderCcx               BidderName = "ccx"
 	BidderCoinzilla         BidderName = "coinzilla"
diff --git a/openrtb_ext/imp_bwx.go b/openrtb_ext/imp_bwx.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9181beb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/openrtb_ext/imp_bwx.go
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+package openrtb_ext
+
+type ExtBWX struct {
+	Env string `json:"env"`
+	Pid string `json:"pid"`
+}
diff --git a/openrtb_ext/regs.go b/openrtb_ext/regs.go
index 56a5179d..8057ce2c 100644
--- a/openrtb_ext/regs.go
+++ b/openrtb_ext/regs.go
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ package openrtb_ext
 
 // ExtRegs defines the contract for bidrequest.regs.ext
 type ExtRegs struct {
+	// DSA is an object containing DSA transparency information, see https://github.com/InteractiveAdvertisingBureau/openrtb/blob/main/extensions/community_extensions/dsa_transparency.md
+	DSA *ExtRegsDSA `json:"dsa,omitempty"`
 
 	// GDPR should be "1" if the caller believes the user is subject to GDPR laws, "0" if not, and undefined
 	// if it's unknown. For more info on this parameter, see: https://iabtechlab.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/OpenRTB_Advisory_GDPR_2018-02.pdf
@@ -10,3 +12,9 @@ type ExtRegs struct {
 	// USPrivacy should be a four character string, see: https://iabtechlab.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/OpenRTB-Extension-U.S.-Privacy-IAB-Tech-Lab.pdf
 	USPrivacy string `json:"us_privacy,omitempty"`
 }
+
+// ExtRegsDSA defines the contract for bidrequest.regs.ext.dsa
+type ExtRegsDSA struct {
+	// Required should be a between 0 and 3 inclusive, see https://github.com/InteractiveAdvertisingBureau/openrtb/blob/main/extensions/community_extensions/dsa_transparency.md
+	Required int8 `json:"dsarequired,omitempty"`
+}
diff --git a/openrtb_ext/request.go b/openrtb_ext/request.go
index 90a95a1b..f5b403d6 100644
--- a/openrtb_ext/request.go
+++ b/openrtb_ext/request.go
@@ -199,6 +199,7 @@ type ExtRequestTargeting struct {
 	DurationRangeSec          []int                     `json:"durationrangesec,omitempty"`
 	PreferDeals               bool                      `json:"preferdeals,omitempty"`
 	AppendBidderNames         bool                      `json:"appendbiddernames,omitempty"`
+	AlwaysIncludeDeals        bool                      `json:"alwaysincludedeals,omitempty"`
 }
 
 type ExtIncludeBrandCategory struct {
diff --git a/openrtb_ext/request_wrapper.go b/openrtb_ext/request_wrapper.go
index d8fe02ea..d7ff5acc 100644
--- a/openrtb_ext/request_wrapper.go
+++ b/openrtb_ext/request_wrapper.go
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ const (
 	consentedProvidersSettingsListKey   = "consented_providers_settings"
 	consentKey                          = "consent"
 	ampKey                              = "amp"
+	dsaKey                              = "dsa"
 	eidsKey                             = "eids"
 	gdprKey                             = "gdpr"
 	prebidKey                           = "prebid"
@@ -1165,6 +1166,8 @@ func (de *DOOHExt) Clone() *DOOHExt {
 type RegExt struct {
 	ext            map[string]json.RawMessage
 	extDirty       bool
+	dsa            *ExtRegsDSA
+	dsaDirty       bool
 	gdpr           *int8
 	gdprDirty      bool
 	usPrivacy      string
@@ -1186,6 +1189,16 @@ func (re *RegExt) unmarshal(extJson json.RawMessage) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	dsaJson, hasDSA := re.ext[dsaKey]
+	if hasDSA {
+		re.dsa = &ExtRegsDSA{}
+	}
+	if dsaJson != nil {
+		if err := jsonutil.Unmarshal(dsaJson, re.dsa); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
 	gdprJson, hasGDPR := re.ext[gdprKey]
 	if hasGDPR && gdprJson != nil {
 		if err := jsonutil.Unmarshal(gdprJson, &re.gdpr); err != nil {
@@ -1204,6 +1217,19 @@ func (re *RegExt) unmarshal(extJson json.RawMessage) error {
 }
 
 func (re *RegExt) marshal() (json.RawMessage, error) {
+	if re.dsaDirty {
+		if re.dsa != nil {
+			rawjson, err := jsonutil.Marshal(re.dsa)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			re.ext[dsaKey] = rawjson
+		} else {
+			delete(re.ext, dsaKey)
+		}
+		re.dsaDirty = false
+	}
+
 	if re.gdprDirty {
 		if re.gdpr != nil {
 			rawjson, err := jsonutil.Marshal(re.gdpr)
@@ -1238,7 +1264,7 @@ func (re *RegExt) marshal() (json.RawMessage, error) {
 }
 
 func (re *RegExt) Dirty() bool {
-	return re.extDirty || re.gdprDirty || re.usPrivacyDirty
+	return re.extDirty || re.dsaDirty || re.gdprDirty || re.usPrivacyDirty
 }
 
 func (re *RegExt) GetExt() map[string]json.RawMessage {
@@ -1254,9 +1280,25 @@ func (re *RegExt) SetExt(ext map[string]json.RawMessage) {
 	re.extDirty = true
 }
 
+func (re *RegExt) GetDSA() *ExtRegsDSA {
+	if re.dsa == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	dsa := *re.dsa
+	return &dsa
+}
+
+func (re *RegExt) SetDSA(dsa *ExtRegsDSA) {
+	re.dsa = dsa
+	re.dsaDirty = true
+}
+
 func (re *RegExt) GetGDPR() *int8 {
-	gdpr := re.gdpr
-	return gdpr
+	if re.gdpr == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	gdpr := *re.gdpr
+	return &gdpr
 }
 
 func (re *RegExt) SetGDPR(gdpr *int8) {
diff --git a/static/bidder-info/bmtm.yaml b/static/bidder-info/bmtm.yaml
index 3d3f2ca6..27452195 100644
--- a/static/bidder-info/bmtm.yaml
+++ b/static/bidder-info/bmtm.yaml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 endpoint: "https://one.elitebidder.com/api/pbs"
 maintainer:
-  email: dev@brightmountainmedia.com
+  email: product@brightmountainmedia.com
 modifyingVastXmlAllowed: false
 capabilities:
   app:
diff --git a/static/bidder-info/bwx.yaml b/static/bidder-info/bwx.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cf716c38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/static/bidder-info/bwx.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+endpoint: "http://rtb.boldwin.live?pid={{.SourceId}}&host={{.Host}}&pbs=1"
+maintainer:
+  email: "prebid@bold-win.com"
+capabilities:
+  app:
+    mediaTypes:
+      - banner
+      - video
+      - native
+  site:
+    mediaTypes:
+      - banner
+      - video
+      - native
+userSync:
+  # BoldwinX supports user syncing, but requires configuration by the host. contact this
+  # bidder directly at the email address in this file to ask about enabling user sync.
+  supports:
+    - redirect
diff --git a/static/bidder-info/kargo.yaml b/static/bidder-info/kargo.yaml
index e1022032..1a7a77eb 100644
--- a/static/bidder-info/kargo.yaml
+++ b/static/bidder-info/kargo.yaml
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ capabilities:
       - native
 userSync:
   redirect:
-    url: "https://crb.kargo.com/api/v1/dsync/PrebidServer?gdpr={{.GDPR}}&gdpr_consent={{.GDPRConsent}}&us_privacy={{.USPrivacy}}&r={{.RedirectURL}}"
+    url: "https://crb.kargo.com/api/v1/dsync/PrebidServer?gdpr={{.GDPR}}&gdpr_consent={{.GDPRConsent}}&us_privacy={{.USPrivacy}}&gpp={{.GPP}}&gpp_sid={{.GPPSID}}&r={{.RedirectURL}}"
     userMacro: "$UID"
 endpointCompression: "GZIP"
 openrtb:
diff --git a/static/bidder-info/medianet.yaml b/static/bidder-info/medianet.yaml
index ea47de2b..ad741e8f 100644
--- a/static/bidder-info/medianet.yaml
+++ b/static/bidder-info/medianet.yaml
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ extra_info: "https://medianet.golang.pbs.com"
 maintainer:
   email: "prebid-support@media.net"
 gvlVendorID: 142
+endpointCompression: gzip
 modifyingVastXmlAllowed: true
 capabilities:
   app:
@@ -17,5 +18,5 @@ capabilities:
       - native
 userSync:
   redirect:
-    url: https://hbx.media.net/cksync.php?cs=1&type=pbs&ovsid=setstatuscode&bidder=medianet&gdpr={{.GDPR}}&gdpr_consent={{.GDPRConsent}}&us_privacy={{.USPrivacy}}&redirect={{.RedirectURL}}
+    url: https://hbx.media.net/cksync.php?cs=1&type=pbs&ovsid=setstatuscode&bidder=medianet&gdpr={{.GDPR}}&gdpr_consent={{.GDPRConsent}}&us_privacy={{.USPrivacy}}&redirect={{.RedirectURL}}&gpp={{.GPP}}&gpp_sid={{.GPPSID}}
     userMacro: "<vsid>"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/static/bidder-params/bwx.json b/static/bidder-params/bwx.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..873aadad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/static/bidder-params/bwx.json
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+{
+    "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-04/schema#",
+    "title": "BoldwinX Adapter Params",
+    "description": "A schema which validates params accepted by the BoldwinX adapter",
+    "type": "object",
+    "properties": {
+      "env": {
+        "type": "string",
+        "description": "BoldwinX environment",
+        "minLength": 1
+      },
+      "pid": {
+        "type": "string",
+        "description": "Unique placement ID",
+        "minLength": 1
+      }
+    },
+    "required": [
+      "pid"
+    ]
+  }


Test patch:
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwx_test.go b/adapters/bwx/bwx_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4e984008
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwx_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package bwx
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/adapters/adapterstest"
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/config"
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/openrtb_ext"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestJsonSamples(t *testing.T) {
+	bidder, buildErr := Builder(
+		openrtb_ext.BidderBWX,
+		config.Adapter{
+			Endpoint: "http://rtb.boldwin.live/?pid={{.SourceId}}&host={{.Host}}&pbs=1",
+		},
+		config.Server{
+			ExternalUrl: "http://hosturl.com",
+			GvlID:       1,
+			DataCenter:  "2",
+		},
+	)
+
+	assert.NoError(t, buildErr)
+	adapterstest.RunJSONBidderTest(t, "bwxtest", bidder)
+}
+
+func TestEndpointTemplateMalformed(t *testing.T) {
+	_, buildErr := Builder(openrtb_ext.BidderBWX, config.Adapter{
+		Endpoint: "{{Malformed}}"}, config.Server{ExternalUrl: "http://hosturl.com", GvlID: 1, DataCenter: "2"})
+
+	assert.Error(t, buildErr)
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/exemplary/banner.json b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/exemplary/banner.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..af82099d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/exemplary/banner.json
@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "id",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "1",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.01,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "banner": {
+          "w": 300,
+          "h": 250,
+          "pos": 0
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      {
+        "id": "2",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.2,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "banner": {
+          "w": 300,
+          "h": 250,
+          "pos": 4
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+            "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ua": "UA",
+      "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 0
+      }
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "id": "userid"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "id",
+      "domain": "test,com",
+      "cat": ["IAB12"],
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "pubid"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "uri": "http://rtb.boldwin.live/?pid=3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573&host=&pbs=1",
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "imp": [
+            {
+              "id": "1",
+              "secure": 1,
+              "bidfloor": 0.01,
+              "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+              "banner": {
+                "w": 300,
+                "h": 250,
+                "pos": 0
+              },
+              "ext": {
+                "bidder": {
+                  "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "device": {
+            "ua": "UA",
+            "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+          },
+          "regs": {
+            "ext": {
+              "gdpr": 0
+            }
+          },
+          "user": {
+            "id": "userid"
+          },
+          "site": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "domain": "test,com",
+            "cat": ["IAB12"],
+            "publisher": {
+              "id": "pubid"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "seatbid": [
+            {
+              "bid": [
+                {
+                  "id": "id",
+                  "impid": "1",
+                  "price": 1.2,
+                  "nurl": "http://test.com/nurl",
+                  "burl": "http://test.com/burl",
+                  "adm": "<span>Test2</span>",
+                  "adomain": ["test.com"],
+                  "cat": ["IAB1"],
+                  "cid": "cid",
+                  "crid": "crid1",
+                  "w": 300,
+                  "h": 250,
+                  "mtype": 1,
+                  "ext": {
+                    "prebid": {
+                      "type": "banner"
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              ],
+              "seat": "seat"
+            }
+          ],
+          "cur": "USD"
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "uri": "http://rtb.boldwin.live/?pid=3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573&host=boldwinx-stage&pbs=1",
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "imp": [
+            {
+              "id": "2",
+              "secure": 1,
+              "bidfloor": 0.2,
+              "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+              "banner": {
+                "w": 300,
+                "h": 250,
+                "pos": 4
+              },
+              "ext": {
+                "bidder": {
+                  "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+                  "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "device": {
+            "ua": "UA",
+            "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+          },
+          "regs": {
+            "ext": {
+              "gdpr": 0
+            }
+          },
+          "user": {
+            "id": "userid"
+          },
+          "site": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "domain": "test,com",
+            "cat": ["IAB12"],
+            "publisher": {
+              "id": "pubid"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "seatbid": [
+            {
+              "bid": [
+                {
+                  "id": "id",
+                  "impid": "2",
+                  "price": 2.4,
+                  "nurl": "http://test.com/nurl",
+                  "burl": "http://test.com/burl",
+                  "adm": "<span>Test3</span>",
+                  "adomain": ["test.com"],
+                  "cat": ["IAB1"],
+                  "cid": "cid",
+                  "crid": "crid",
+                  "w": 300,
+                  "h": 250,
+                  "mtype": 1,
+                  "ext": {
+                    "prebid": {
+                      "type": "banner"
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              ],
+              "seat": "seat"
+            }
+          ],
+          "cur": "USD"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": [
+    {
+      "currency": "USD",
+      "bids": [
+        {
+          "bid": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "impid": "1",
+            "price": 1.2,
+            "nurl": "http://test.com/nurl",
+            "burl": "http://test.com/burl",
+            "adm": "<span>Test2</span>",
+            "adomain": ["test.com"],
+            "cat": ["IAB1"],
+            "cid": "cid",
+            "crid": "crid1",
+            "w": 300,
+            "h": 250,
+            "mtype": 1,
+            "ext": {
+              "prebid": {
+                "type": "banner"
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "type": "banner"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "currency": "USD",
+      "bids": [
+        {
+          "bid": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "impid": "2",
+            "price": 2.4,
+            "nurl": "http://test.com/nurl",
+            "burl": "http://test.com/burl",
+            "adm": "<span>Test3</span>",
+            "adomain": ["test.com"],
+            "cat": ["IAB1"],
+            "cid": "cid",
+            "crid": "crid",
+            "w": 300,
+            "h": 250,
+            "mtype": 1,
+            "ext": {
+              "prebid": {
+                "type": "banner"
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "type": "banner"
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/exemplary/native.json b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/exemplary/native.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0bba9482
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/exemplary/native.json
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "id",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "id",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.01,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "native": {
+          "request": "{\"ver\":\"1.1\",\"layout\":1,\"adunit\":2,\"plcmtcnt\":6,\"plcmttype\":4,\"assets\":[{\"id\":1,\"required\":1,\"title\":{\"len\":75}},{\"id\":2,\"required\":1,\"img\":{\"wmin\":492,\"hmin\":328,\"type\":3,\"mimes\":[\"image/jpeg\",\"image/jpg\",\"image/png\"]}},{\"id\":4,\"required\":0,\"data\":{\"type\":6}},{\"id\":5,\"required\":0,\"data\":{\"type\":7}},{\"id\":6,\"required\":0,\"data\":{\"type\":1,\"len\":20}}]}",
+          "ver": "1.1"
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+            "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ua": "UA",
+      "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 0
+      }
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "id": "userid"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "id",
+      "domain": "test,com",
+      "cat": [
+        "IAB12"
+      ],
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "pubid"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "uri": "http://rtb.boldwin.live/?pid=3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573&host=boldwinx-stage&pbs=1",
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "imp": [
+            {
+              "id": "id",
+              "secure": 1,
+              "bidfloor": 0.01,
+              "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+              "native": {
+                "request": "{\"ver\":\"1.1\",\"layout\":1,\"adunit\":2,\"plcmtcnt\":6,\"plcmttype\":4,\"assets\":[{\"id\":1,\"required\":1,\"title\":{\"len\":75}},{\"id\":2,\"required\":1,\"img\":{\"wmin\":492,\"hmin\":328,\"type\":3,\"mimes\":[\"image/jpeg\",\"image/jpg\",\"image/png\"]}},{\"id\":4,\"required\":0,\"data\":{\"type\":6}},{\"id\":5,\"required\":0,\"data\":{\"type\":7}},{\"id\":6,\"required\":0,\"data\":{\"type\":1,\"len\":20}}]}",
+                "ver": "1.1"
+              },
+              "ext": {
+                "bidder": {
+                  "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+                  "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "device": {
+            "ua": "UA",
+            "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+          },
+          "regs": {
+            "ext": {
+              "gdpr": 0
+            }
+          },
+          "user": {
+            "id": "userid"
+          },
+          "site": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "domain": "test,com",
+            "cat": [
+              "IAB12"
+            ],
+            "publisher": {
+              "id": "pubid"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "bidid": "id",
+          "seatbid": [
+            {
+              "bid": [
+                {
+                  "id": "id",
+                  "impid": "id",
+                  "price": 0.1,
+                  "nurl": "http://test.com/nurl",
+                  "burl": "http://test.com/burl",
+                  "adm": "{}",
+                  "adomain": [
+                    "test.com"
+                  ],
+                  "cat": [
+                    "IAB1"
+                  ],
+                  "cid": "cid",
+                  "crid": "crid",
+                  "mtype": 4,
+                  "ext": {
+                    "prebid": {
+                      "type": "native"
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              ],
+              "seat": "seat"
+            }
+          ],
+          "cur": "USD"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": [
+    {
+      "currency": "USD",
+      "bids": [
+        {
+          "bid": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "impid": "id",
+            "price": 0.1,
+            "nurl": "http://test.com/nurl",
+            "burl": "http://test.com/burl",
+            "adm": "{}",
+            "adomain": [
+              "test.com"
+            ],
+            "cat": [
+              "IAB1"
+            ],
+            "cid": "cid",
+            "crid": "crid",
+            "mtype": 4,
+            "ext": {
+              "prebid": {
+                "type": "native"
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "type": "native"
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/exemplary/video.json b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/exemplary/video.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ffe74ee7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/exemplary/video.json
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "id",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "id",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.01,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "video": {
+          "mimes": [
+            "video/mp4",
+            "video/ogg",
+            "video/webm"
+          ],
+          "minduration": 3,
+          "maxduration": 3000,
+          "protocols": [
+            2,
+            3,
+            5,
+            6,
+            7,
+            8
+          ],
+          "w": 480,
+          "h": 320,
+          "linearity": 1,
+          "playbackmethod": [
+            2
+          ],
+          "pos": 0
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+            "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ua": "UA",
+      "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 0
+      }
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "id": "userid"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "id",
+      "domain": "test,com",
+      "cat": [
+        "IAB12"
+      ],
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "pubid"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "uri": "http://rtb.boldwin.live/?pid=3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573&host=boldwinx-stage&pbs=1",
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "imp": [
+            {
+              "id": "id",
+              "secure": 1,
+              "bidfloor": 0.01,
+              "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+              "video": {
+                "mimes": [
+                  "video/mp4",
+                  "video/ogg",
+                  "video/webm"
+                ],
+                "minduration": 3,
+                "maxduration": 3000,
+                "protocols": [
+                  2,
+                  3,
+                  5,
+                  6,
+                  7,
+                  8
+                ],
+                "w": 480,
+                "h": 320,
+                "linearity": 1,
+                "playbackmethod": [
+                  2
+                ],
+                "pos": 0
+              },
+              "ext": {
+                "bidder": {
+                  "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+                  "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "device": {
+            "ua": "UA",
+            "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+          },
+          "regs": {
+            "ext": {
+              "gdpr": 0
+            }
+          },
+          "user": {
+            "id": "userid"
+          },
+          "site": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "domain": "test,com",
+            "cat": [
+              "IAB12"
+            ],
+            "publisher": {
+              "id": "pubid"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "bidid": "id",
+          "seatbid": [
+            {
+              "bid": [
+                {
+                  "id": "id",
+                  "impid": "id",
+                  "price": 0.1,
+                  "nurl": "http://test.com/nurl",
+                  "burl": "http://test.com/burl",
+                  "adm": "<VAST>",
+                  "adomain": [
+                    "test.com"
+                  ],
+                  "cat": [
+                    "IAB1"
+                  ],
+                  "cid": "cid",
+                  "crid": "crid",
+                  "mtype": 2,
+                  "ext": {
+                    "prebid": {
+                      "type": "video"
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              ],
+              "seat": "seat"
+            }
+          ],
+          "cur": "USD"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": [
+    {
+      "currency": "USD",
+      "bids": [
+        {
+          "bid": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "impid": "id",
+            "price": 0.1,
+            "nurl": "http://test.com/nurl",
+            "burl": "http://test.com/burl",
+            "adm": "<VAST>",
+            "adomain": [
+              "test.com"
+            ],
+            "cat": [
+              "IAB1"
+            ],
+            "cid": "cid",
+            "crid": "crid",
+            "mtype": 2,
+            "ext": {
+              "prebid": {
+                "type": "video"
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "type": "video"
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/bad-response.json b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/bad-response.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8a32dab1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/bad-response.json
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "id",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "id",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.01,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "banner": {
+          "w": 300,
+          "h": 250
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+            "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ua": "UA",
+      "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 0
+      }
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "id": "userid"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "id",
+      "domain": "test,com",
+      "cat": [
+        "IAB12"
+      ],
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "pubid"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "uri": "http://rtb.boldwin.live/?pid=3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573&host=boldwinx-stage&pbs=1",
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "imp": [
+            {
+              "id": "id",
+              "secure": 1,
+              "bidfloor": 0.01,
+              "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+              "banner": {
+                "w": 300,
+                "h": 250
+              },
+              "ext": {
+                "bidder": {
+                  "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+                  "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "device": {
+            "ua": "UA",
+            "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+          },
+          "regs": {
+            "ext": {
+              "gdpr": 0
+            }
+          },
+          "user": {
+            "id": "userid"
+          },
+          "site": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "domain": "test,com",
+            "cat": [
+              "IAB12"
+            ],
+            "publisher": {
+              "id": "pubid"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "body": ""
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedMakeBidsErrors": [
+    {
+      "value": "json: cannot unmarshal string into Go value of type openrtb2.BidResponse",
+      "comparison": "literal"
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": []
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/empty-mediatype.json b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/empty-mediatype.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ad319e84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/empty-mediatype.json
@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "id",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "id",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.01,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "banner": {
+          "w": 300,
+          "h": 250
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+            "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ua": "UA",
+      "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 0
+      }
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "id": "userid"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "id",
+      "domain": "test,com",
+      "cat": [
+        "IAB12"
+      ],
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "pubid"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "uri": "http://rtb.boldwin.live/?pid=3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573&host=boldwinx-stage&pbs=1",
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "imp": [
+            {
+              "id": "id",
+              "secure": 1,
+              "bidfloor": 0.01,
+              "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+              "banner": {
+                "w": 300,
+                "h": 250
+              },
+              "ext": {
+                "bidder": {
+                  "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+                  "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "device": {
+            "ua": "UA",
+            "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+          },
+          "regs": {
+            "ext": {
+              "gdpr": 0
+            }
+          },
+          "user": {
+            "id": "userid"
+          },
+          "site": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "domain": "test,com",
+            "cat": [
+              "IAB12"
+            ],
+            "publisher": {
+              "id": "pubid"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "bidid": "id",
+          "seatbid": [
+            {
+              "bid": [
+                {
+                  "id": "id",
+                  "impid": "1",
+                  "price": 0.1,
+                  "nurl": "http://test.com/nurl",
+                  "burl": "http://test.com/burl",
+                  "adm": "<span>Test1</span>",
+                  "adomain": [
+                    "test.com"
+                  ],
+                  "cat": [
+                    "IAB1"
+                  ],
+                  "cid": "cid",
+                  "crid": "crid",
+                  "mtype": 1,
+                  "w": 300,
+                  "h": 250,
+                  "ext": {
+                    "prebid": {
+                      "type": "banner"
+                    }
+                  }
+                }, {
+                  "id": "id",
+                  "impid": "2",
+                  "price": 1.2,
+                  "nurl": "http://test.com/nurl",
+                  "burl": "http://test.com/burl",
+                  "adm": "<span>Test2</span>",
+                  "adomain": [
+                    "test.com"
+                  ],
+                  "cat": [
+                    "IAB1"
+                  ],
+                  "cid": "cid",
+                  "crid": "crid",
+                  "w": 300,
+                  "h": 250,
+                  "ext": {
+                    "some": "value"
+                  }
+                }
+              ],
+              "seat": "seat"
+            }
+          ],
+          "cur": "USD"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedMakeBidsErrors": [
+    {
+      "value": "failed to parse bid mtype (0) for impression id \"2\"",
+      "comparison": "literal"
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": [
+    {
+      "currency":"USD",
+      "bids":[
+        {
+          "bid": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "impid": "1",
+            "price": 0.1,
+            "nurl": "http://test.com/nurl",
+            "burl": "http://test.com/burl",
+            "adm": "<span>Test1</span>",
+            "adomain": ["test.com"],
+            "cat": ["IAB1"],
+            "cid": "cid",
+            "crid": "crid",
+            "w": 300,
+            "h": 250,
+            "mtype": 1,
+            "ext": {
+              "prebid": {
+                "type": "banner"
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "type": "banner"
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/empty-seatbid-0-bid.json b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/empty-seatbid-0-bid.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ce9d7875
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/empty-seatbid-0-bid.json
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "id",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "id",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.01,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "banner": {
+          "w": 300,
+          "h": 250
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+            "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ua": "UA",
+      "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 0
+      }
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "id": "userid"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "id",
+      "domain": "test,com",
+      "cat": [
+        "IAB12"
+      ],
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "pubid"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "uri": "http://rtb.boldwin.live/?pid=3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573&host=boldwinx-stage&pbs=1",
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "imp": [
+            {
+              "id": "id",
+              "secure": 1,
+              "bidfloor": 0.01,
+              "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+              "banner": {
+                "w": 300,
+                "h": 250
+              },
+              "ext": {
+                "bidder": {
+                  "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+                  "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "device": {
+            "ua": "UA",
+            "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+          },
+          "regs": {
+            "ext": {
+              "gdpr": 0
+            }
+          },
+          "user": {
+            "id": "userid"
+          },
+          "site": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "domain": "test,com",
+            "cat": [
+              "IAB12"
+            ],
+            "publisher": {
+              "id": "pubid"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "bidid": "id",
+          "seatbid": [
+            {
+              "bid": [],
+              "seat": "seat"
+            }
+          ],
+          "cur": "USD"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedMakeBidsErrors": [],
+  "expectedBidResponses": [{"currency":"USD","bids":[]}]
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/empty-seatbid.json b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/empty-seatbid.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2bb3290f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/empty-seatbid.json
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "id",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "id",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.01,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "banner": {
+          "w": 300,
+          "h": 250
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+            "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ua": "UA",
+      "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 0
+      }
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "id": "userid"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "id",
+      "domain": "test,com",
+      "cat": [
+        "IAB12"
+      ],
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "pubid"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "uri": "http://rtb.boldwin.live/?pid=3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573&host=boldwinx-stage&pbs=1",
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "imp": [
+            {
+              "id": "id",
+              "secure": 1,
+              "bidfloor": 0.01,
+              "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+              "banner": {
+                "w": 300,
+                "h": 250
+              },
+              "ext": {
+                "bidder": {
+                  "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+                  "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "device": {
+            "ua": "UA",
+            "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+          },
+          "regs": {
+            "ext": {
+              "gdpr": 0
+            }
+          },
+          "user": {
+            "id": "userid"
+          },
+          "site": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "domain": "test,com",
+            "cat": [
+              "IAB12"
+            ],
+            "publisher": {
+              "id": "pubid"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "body": {
+          "id": "a1580f2f-be6d-11eb-a150-d094662c1c35",
+          "bidid": "359da97d0384d8a14767029c18fd840d",
+          "seatbid": [],
+          "cur": "USD"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedMakeBidsErrors": [
+    {
+      "value": "Array SeatBid cannot be empty",
+      "comparison": "literal"
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": []
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/invalid-ext-bidder-object.json b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/invalid-ext-bidder-object.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ed081b79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/invalid-ext-bidder-object.json
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "id",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "id",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.01,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "banner": {
+          "w": 300,
+          "h": 250
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": []
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ua": "UA",
+      "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 0
+      }
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "id": "userid"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "id",
+      "domain": "test,com",
+      "cat": [
+        "IAB12"
+      ],
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "pubid"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [],
+  "expectedMakeRequestsErrors": [
+    {
+      "value": "Failed to deserialize BoldwinX extension: json: cannot unmarshal array into Go value of type openrtb_ext.ExtBWX",
+      "comparison": "literal"
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/invalid-ext-object.json b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/invalid-ext-object.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..aa215eb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/invalid-ext-object.json
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "id",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "id",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.01,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "banner": {
+          "w": 300,
+          "h": 250
+        },
+        "ext": ""
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ua": "UA",
+      "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 0
+      }
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "id": "userid"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "id",
+      "domain": "test,com",
+      "cat": [
+        "IAB12"
+      ],
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "pubid"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [],
+  "expectedMakeRequestsErrors": [
+    {
+      "value": "Failed to deserialize bidder impression extension: json: cannot unmarshal string into Go value of type adapters.ExtImpBidder",
+      "comparison": "literal"
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/invalid-mediatype.json b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/invalid-mediatype.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..aff08f53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/invalid-mediatype.json
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "id",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "id",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.01,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "banner": {
+          "w": 300,
+          "h": 250
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+            "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ua": "UA",
+      "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 0
+      }
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "id": "userid"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "id",
+      "domain": "test,com",
+      "cat": [
+        "IAB12"
+      ],
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "pubid"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "uri": "http://rtb.boldwin.live/?pid=3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573&host=boldwinx-stage&pbs=1",
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "imp": [
+            {
+              "id": "id",
+              "secure": 1,
+              "bidfloor": 0.01,
+              "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+              "banner": {
+                "w": 300,
+                "h": 250
+              },
+              "ext": {
+                "bidder": {
+                  "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+                  "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "device": {
+            "ua": "UA",
+            "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+          },
+          "regs": {
+            "ext": {
+              "gdpr": 0
+            }
+          },
+          "user": {
+            "id": "userid"
+          },
+          "site": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "domain": "test,com",
+            "cat": [
+              "IAB12"
+            ],
+            "publisher": {
+              "id": "pubid"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "bidid": "id",
+          "seatbid": [
+            {
+              "bid": [
+                {
+                  "id": "id",
+                  "impid": "1",
+                  "price": 0.1,
+                  "nurl": "http://test.com/nurl",
+                  "burl": "http://test.com/burl",
+                  "adm": "<span>Test1</span>",
+                  "adomain": [
+                    "test.com"
+                  ],
+                  "cat": [
+                    "IAB1"
+                  ],
+                  "cid": "cid",
+                  "crid": "crid",
+                  "w": 300,
+                  "h": 250,
+                  "mtype": 1,
+                  "ext": {
+                    "prebid": {
+                      "type": "banner"
+                    }
+                  }
+                }, {
+                  "id": "id",
+                  "impid": "2",
+                  "price": 1.2,
+                  "nurl": "http://test.com/nurl",
+                  "burl": "http://test.com/burl",
+                  "adm": "<span>Test2</span>",
+                  "adomain": [
+                    "test.com"
+                  ],
+                  "cat": [
+                    "IAB1"
+                  ],
+                  "cid": "cid",
+                  "crid": "crid",
+                  "w": 300,
+                  "h": 250
+                }
+              ],
+              "seat": "seat"
+            }
+          ],
+          "cur": "USD"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedMakeBidsErrors": [
+    {
+      "value": "failed to parse bid mtype (0) for impression id \"2\"",
+      "comparison": "literal"
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": [
+    {
+      "currency":"USD",
+      "bids":[
+        {
+          "bid": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "impid": "1",
+            "price": 0.1,
+            "nurl": "http://test.com/nurl",
+            "burl": "http://test.com/burl",
+            "adm": "<span>Test1</span>",
+            "adomain": ["test.com"],
+            "cat": ["IAB1"],
+            "cid": "cid",
+            "crid": "crid",
+            "w": 300,
+            "h": 250,
+            "mtype": 1,
+            "ext": {
+              "prebid": {
+                "type": "banner"
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "type": "banner"
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/status-204.json b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/status-204.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e89b6e19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/status-204.json
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "id",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "id",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.01,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "banner": {
+          "w": 300,
+          "h": 250
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+            "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ua": "UA",
+      "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 0
+      }
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "id": "userid"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "id",
+      "domain": "test,com",
+      "cat": [
+        "IAB12"
+      ],
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "pubid"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "uri": "http://rtb.boldwin.live/?pid=3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573&host=boldwinx-stage&pbs=1",
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "imp": [
+            {
+              "id": "id",
+              "secure": 1,
+              "bidfloor": 0.01,
+              "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+              "banner": {
+                "w": 300,
+                "h": 250
+              },
+              "ext": {
+                "bidder": {
+                  "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+                  "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "device": {
+            "ua": "UA",
+            "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+          },
+          "regs": {
+            "ext": {
+              "gdpr": 0
+            }
+          },
+          "user": {
+            "id": "userid"
+          },
+          "site": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "domain": "test,com",
+            "cat": [
+              "IAB12"
+            ],
+            "publisher": {
+              "id": "pubid"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 204,
+        "body": {}
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": []
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/status-400.json b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/status-400.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..20942040
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/status-400.json
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "id",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "id",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.01,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "banner": {
+          "w": 300,
+          "h": 250
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+            "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ua": "UA",
+      "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 0
+      }
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "id": "userid"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "id",
+      "domain": "test,com",
+      "cat": [
+        "IAB12"
+      ],
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "pubid"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "uri": "http://rtb.boldwin.live/?pid=3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573&host=boldwinx-stage&pbs=1",
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "imp": [
+            {
+              "id": "id",
+              "secure": 1,
+              "bidfloor": 0.01,
+              "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+              "banner": {
+                "w": 300,
+                "h": 250
+              },
+              "ext": {
+                "bidder": {
+                  "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+                  "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "device": {
+            "ua": "UA",
+            "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+          },
+          "regs": {
+            "ext": {
+              "gdpr": 0
+            }
+          },
+          "user": {
+            "id": "userid"
+          },
+          "site": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "domain": "test,com",
+            "cat": [
+              "IAB12"
+            ],
+            "publisher": {
+              "id": "pubid"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 400,
+        "body": "The Key has a different ad format"
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedMakeBidsErrors": [
+    {
+      "value": "Unexpected status code: 400. Run with request.debug = 1 for more info",
+      "comparison": "literal"
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": []
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/status-503.json b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/status-503.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3d5a6170
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/status-503.json
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "id",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "id",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.01,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "banner": {
+          "w": 300,
+          "h": 250
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+            "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ua": "UA",
+      "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 0
+      }
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "id": "userid"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "id",
+      "domain": "test,com",
+      "cat": [
+        "IAB12"
+      ],
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "pubid"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "uri": "http://rtb.boldwin.live/?pid=3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573&host=boldwinx-stage&pbs=1",
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "imp": [
+            {
+              "id": "id",
+              "secure": 1,
+              "bidfloor": 0.01,
+              "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+              "banner": {
+                "w": 300,
+                "h": 250
+              },
+              "ext": {
+                "bidder": {
+                  "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+                  "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "device": {
+            "ua": "UA",
+            "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+          },
+          "regs": {
+            "ext": {
+              "gdpr": 0
+            }
+          },
+          "user": {
+            "id": "userid"
+          },
+          "site": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "domain": "test,com",
+            "cat": [
+              "IAB12"
+            ],
+            "publisher": {
+              "id": "pubid"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 503
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedMakeBidsErrors": [
+    {
+      "value": "Unexpected status code: 503. Run with request.debug = 1 for more info",
+      "comparison": "literal"
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": []
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/unexpected-status.json b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/unexpected-status.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f3d7ecc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/bwxtest/supplemental/unexpected-status.json
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "id",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "id",
+        "secure": 1,
+        "bidfloor": 0.01,
+        "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+        "banner": {
+          "w": 300,
+          "h": 250
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+            "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ua": "UA",
+      "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 0
+      }
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "id": "userid"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "id",
+      "domain": "test,com",
+      "cat": [
+        "IAB12"
+      ],
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "pubid"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "uri": "http://rtb.boldwin.live/?pid=3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573&host=boldwinx-stage&pbs=1",
+        "body": {
+          "id": "id",
+          "imp": [
+            {
+              "id": "id",
+              "secure": 1,
+              "bidfloor": 0.01,
+              "bidfloorcur": "USD",
+              "banner": {
+                "w": 300,
+                "h": 250
+              },
+              "ext": {
+                "bidder": {
+                  "env": "boldwinx-stage",
+                  "pid": "3163e2c9e034770c0daaa98c7613b573"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "device": {
+            "ua": "UA",
+            "ip": "123.3.4.123"
+          },
+          "regs": {
+            "ext": {
+              "gdpr": 0
+            }
+          },
+          "user": {
+            "id": "userid"
+          },
+          "site": {
+            "id": "id",
+            "domain": "test,com",
+            "cat": [
+              "IAB12"
+            ],
+            "publisher": {
+              "id": "pubid"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 403,
+        "body": "Access is denied"
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedMakeBidsErrors": [
+    {
+      "value": "Unexpected status code: 403. Run with request.debug = 1 for more info",
+      "comparison": "literal"
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": []
+}
diff --git a/adapters/bwx/params_test.go b/adapters/bwx/params_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f51d8630
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/bwx/params_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package bwx
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/openrtb_ext"
+)
+
+var validParams = []string{
+	`{"env":"boldwinx-stage", "pid":"123456"}`,
+	`{"pid":"123456"}`,
+}
+
+func TestValidParams(t *testing.T) {
+	validator, err := openrtb_ext.NewBidderParamsValidator("../../static/bidder-params")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to fetch the json-schemas. %v", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, validParam := range validParams {
+		if err := validator.Validate(openrtb_ext.BidderBWX, json.RawMessage(validParam)); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Schema rejected boldwinx params: %s", validParam)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+var invalidParams = []string{
+	``,
+	`null`,
+	`true`,
+	`5`,
+	`[]`,
+	`{}`,
+	`{"some": "param"}`,
+	`{"env":"boldwinx-stage"}`,
+	`{"othervalue":"Lorem ipsum"}`,
+	`{"env":"boldwinx-stage", pid:""}`,
+	`{pid:101010}`,
+	`{pid:"valid-pid", env: 0}`,
+}
+
+func TestInvalidParams(t *testing.T) {
+	validator, err := openrtb_ext.NewBidderParamsValidator("../../static/bidder-params")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Failed to fetch the json-schemas. %v", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, invalidParam := range invalidParams {
+		if err := validator.Validate(openrtb_ext.BidderBWX, json.RawMessage(invalidParam)); err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("Schema allowed unexpected params: %s", invalidParam)
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/adapters/improvedigital/improvedigitaltest/supplemental/addtl-consent-multi-tilda.json b/adapters/improvedigital/improvedigitaltest/supplemental/addtl-consent-multi-tilda.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..24c4b813
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/improvedigital/improvedigitaltest/supplemental/addtl-consent-multi-tilda.json
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "addtl-consent-request-id",
+    "site": {
+      "page": "https://good.site/url"
+    },
+    "imp": [{
+      "id": "test-imp-id",
+      "banner": {
+        "format": [{
+          "w": 300,
+          "h": 250
+        }]
+      },
+      "ext": {
+        "bidder": {
+          "placementId": 13245
+        }
+      }
+    }],
+    "user": {
+      "ext":{"consent":"ABC","ConsentedProvidersSettings":{"consented_providers":"1~10.20.90~2"}}
+    }
+  },
+
+  "httpCalls": [{
+    "expectedRequest": {
+      "uri": "http://localhost/pbs",
+      "body": {
+        "id": "addtl-consent-request-id",
+        "site": {
+          "page": "https://good.site/url"
+        },
+        "imp": [{
+          "id": "test-imp-id",
+          "banner": {
+            "format": [{
+              "w": 300,
+              "h": 250
+            }]
+          },
+          "ext": {
+            "bidder": {
+              "placementId": 13245
+            }
+          }
+        }],
+        "user": {
+          "ext": {"consent": "ABC","ConsentedProvidersSettings":{"consented_providers":"1~10.20.90~2"},"consented_providers_settings": {"consented_providers": [10,20,90]}
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "mockResponse": {
+      "status": 200,
+      "body": {
+        "id": "addtl-consent-request-id",
+        "seatbid": [{
+          "seat": "improvedigital",
+          "bid": [{
+            "id": "randomid",
+            "impid": "test-imp-id",
+            "price": 0.500000,
+            "adid": "12345678",
+            "adm": "some-test-ad",
+            "cid": "987",
+            "crid": "12345678",
+            "h": 250,
+            "w": 300
+          }]
+        }],
+        "cur": "USD"
+      }
+    }
+  }],
+
+  "expectedBidResponses": [{
+    "currency": "USD",
+    "bids": [{
+      "bid": {
+        "id": "randomid",
+        "impid": "test-imp-id",
+        "price": 0.5,
+        "adm": "some-test-ad",
+        "adid": "12345678",
+        "cid": "987",
+        "crid": "12345678",
+        "w": 300,
+        "h": 250
+      },
+      "type": "banner"
+    }]
+  }]
+}
diff --git a/adapters/ix/ixtest/supplemental/dsa-request.json b/adapters/ix/ixtest/supplemental/dsa-request.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a51f2927
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/ix/ixtest/supplemental/dsa-request.json
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+{
+    "mockBidRequest": {
+      "id": "test-request-id",
+      "imp": [
+        {
+          "id": "test-imp-id",
+          "banner": {
+            "format": [
+              {
+                "w": 300,
+                "h": 250
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          "ext": {
+            "bidder": {
+              "siteId": "569749"
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "regs": {
+        "ext": {
+          "dsa": {
+            "dsarequired": 3,
+            "pubrender": 0,
+            "datatopub": 2,
+            "transparency": [
+              {
+                "domain": "platform1domain.com",
+                "dsaparams": [
+                  1
+                ]
+              },
+              {
+                "domain": "SSP2domain.com",
+                "dsaparams": [
+                  1,
+                  2
+                ]
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "site": {
+        "page": "https://www.example.com/"
+      }
+    },
+    "httpCalls": [
+      {
+        "expectedRequest": {
+          "uri": "http://host/endpoint",
+          "body": {
+            "id": "test-request-id",
+            "imp": [
+              {
+                "id": "test-imp-id",
+                "banner": {
+                  "format": [
+                    {
+                      "w": 300,
+                      "h": 250
+                    }
+                  ],
+                  "w": 300,
+                  "h": 250
+                },
+                "ext": {
+                  "bidder": {
+                    "siteId": "569749"
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            ],
+            "site": {
+              "page": "https://www.example.com/",
+              "publisher": {
+                "id": "569749"
+              }
+            },
+            "regs": {
+              "ext": {
+                "dsa": {
+                  "dsarequired": 3,
+                  "pubrender": 0,
+                  "datatopub": 2,
+                  "transparency": [
+                    {
+                      "domain": "platform1domain.com",
+                      "dsaparams": [
+                        1
+                      ]
+                    },
+                    {
+                      "domain": "SSP2domain.com",
+                      "dsaparams": [
+                        1,
+                        2
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        },
+        "mockResponse": {
+          "status": 200,
+          "body": {
+            "id": "test-request-id",
+            "seatbid": [
+              {
+                "seat": "958",
+                "bid": [
+                  {
+                    "id": "7706636740145184841",
+                    "impid": "test-imp-id",
+                    "price": 0.5,
+                    "adid": "29681110",
+                    "adm": "some-test-ad",
+                    "adomain": [
+                      "https://advertiser.example.com"
+                    ],
+                    "cid": "958",
+                    "crid": "29681110",
+                    "h": 250,
+                    "w": 300,
+                    "ext": {
+                      "ix": {},
+                      "dsa": {
+                        "behalf": "Advertiser",
+                        "paid": "Advertiser",
+                        "transparency": {
+                          "domain": "dsp1domain.com",
+                          "params": [
+                            1,
+                            2
+                          ]
+                        },
+                        "adrender": 1
+                      }
+                    }
+                  }
+                ]
+              }
+            ],
+            "bidid": "5778926625248726496",
+            "cur": "USD"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "expectedBidResponses": [
+      {
+        "currency": "USD",
+        "bids": [
+          {
+            "bid": {
+              "id": "7706636740145184841",
+              "impid": "test-imp-id",
+              "price": 0.5,
+              "adm": "some-test-ad",
+              "adid": "29681110",
+              "adomain": [
+                "https://advertiser.example.com"
+              ],
+              "cid": "958",
+              "crid": "29681110",
+              "w": 300,
+              "h": 250,
+              "ext": {
+                "ix": {},
+                "dsa": {
+                  "behalf": "Advertiser",
+                  "paid": "Advertiser",
+                  "transparency": {
+                    "domain": "dsp1domain.com",
+                    "params": [
+                      1,
+                      2
+                    ]
+                  },
+                  "adrender": 1
+                }
+              }
+            },
+            "type": "banner"
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    ]
+  }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/adapters/stroeerCore/stroeercoretest/exemplary/dsa.json b/adapters/stroeerCore/stroeercoretest/exemplary/dsa.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..70baef5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/stroeerCore/stroeercoretest/exemplary/dsa.json
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "auction-id",
+    "cur": [
+      "EUR"
+    ],
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "1",
+        "banner": {
+          "format": [
+            {
+              "w": 300,
+              "h": 600
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "sid": "123456"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ip": "123.123.123.123"
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "domain": "www.publisher.com",
+      "page": "http://www.publisher.com/some/path"
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "buyeruid": "test-buyer-user-id"
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "dsa": {
+          "dsarequired": 3,
+          "pubrender": 0,
+          "datatopub": 2,
+          "transparency": [
+            {
+              "domain": "example-platform.com",
+              "dsaparams": [
+                1
+              ]
+            },
+            {
+              "domain": "example-ssp.com",
+              "dsaparams": [
+                1,
+                2
+              ]
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "headers": {
+          "Accept": [
+            "application/json"
+          ],
+          "Content-Type": [
+            "application/json;charset=utf-8"
+          ]
+        },
+        "uri": "http://localhost/s2sdsh",
+        "body": {
+          "id": "auction-id",
+          "cur": [
+            "EUR"
+          ],
+          "imp": [
+            {
+              "id": "1",
+              "tagid": "123456",
+              "banner": {
+                "format": [
+                  {
+                    "w": 300,
+                    "h": 600
+                  }
+                ]
+              },
+              "ext": {
+                "bidder": {
+                  "sid": "123456"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ],
+          "device": {
+            "ip": "123.123.123.123"
+          },
+          "site": {
+            "domain": "www.publisher.com",
+            "page": "http://www.publisher.com/some/path"
+          },
+          "user": {
+            "buyeruid": "test-buyer-user-id"
+          },
+          "regs": {
+            "ext": {
+              "dsa": {
+                "dsarequired": 3,
+                "pubrender": 0,
+                "datatopub": 2,
+                "transparency": [
+                  {
+                    "domain": "example-platform.com",
+                    "dsaparams": [
+                      1
+                    ]
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "domain": "example-ssp.com",
+                    "dsaparams": [
+                      1,
+                      2
+                    ]
+                  }
+                ]
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "body": {
+          "id": "test-request-id",
+          "bids": [
+            {
+              "id": "1829273982920-01",
+              "bidId": "1",
+              "cpm": 2,
+              "width": 300,
+              "height": 600,
+              "ad": "advert",
+              "crid": "wasd",
+              "mtype": "banner",
+              "dsa": {
+                "behalf": "Advertiser A",
+                "paid": "Advertiser B",
+                "transparency": [
+                  {
+                    "domain": "example-domain.com",
+                    "dsaparams": [
+                      1,
+                      2
+                    ]
+                  }
+                ],
+                "adrender": 1
+              }
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": [
+    {
+      "currency": "EUR",
+      "bids": [
+        {
+          "bid": {
+            "id": "1829273982920-01",
+            "impid": "1",
+            "price": 2,
+            "adm": "advert",
+            "w": 300,
+            "h": 600,
+            "crid": "wasd",
+            "mtype": 1,
+            "ext": {
+              "dsa": {
+                "behalf": "Advertiser A",
+                "paid": "Advertiser B",
+                "transparency": [
+                  {
+                    "domain": "example-domain.com",
+                    "dsaparams": [
+                      1,
+                      2
+                    ]
+                  }
+                ],
+                "adrender": 1
+              }
+            }
+          },
+          "type": "banner"
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlab_test.go b/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlab_test.go
index 7704c886..49dcc31e 100644
--- a/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlab_test.go
+++ b/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlab_test.go
@@ -257,6 +257,98 @@ func Test_makeSupplyChain(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func Test_makeDSATransparencyUrlParam(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name           string
+		transparencies []dsaTransparency
+		expected       string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:           "No transparency objects",
+			transparencies: []dsaTransparency{},
+			expected:       "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "Nil transparency",
+			transparencies: nil,
+			expected:       "",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Params without a domain",
+			transparencies: []dsaTransparency{
+				{
+					Params: []int{1, 2},
+				},
+			},
+			expected: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Params without a params",
+			transparencies: []dsaTransparency{
+				{
+					Domain: "domain.com",
+				},
+			},
+			expected: "domain.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "One object; No Params",
+			transparencies: []dsaTransparency{
+				{
+					Domain: "domain.com",
+					Params: []int{},
+				},
+			},
+			expected: "domain.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "One object; One Param",
+			transparencies: []dsaTransparency{
+				{
+					Domain: "domain.com",
+					Params: []int{1},
+				},
+			},
+			expected: "domain.com~1",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Three domain objects",
+			transparencies: []dsaTransparency{
+				{
+					Domain: "domain1.com",
+					Params: []int{1, 2},
+				},
+				{
+					Domain: "domain2.com",
+					Params: []int{3, 4},
+				},
+				{
+					Domain: "domain3.com",
+					Params: []int{5, 6},
+				},
+			},
+			expected: "domain1.com~1_2~~domain2.com~3_4~~domain3.com~5_6",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			actual := makeDSATransparencyURLParam(test.transparencies)
+			assert.Equal(t, test.expected, actual)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func Test_getDSA_invalidRequestExt(t *testing.T) {
+	req := &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+		Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"DSA":"wrongValueType"}`)},
+	}
+
+	dsa, err := getDSA(req)
+
+	assert.NotNil(t, err)
+	assert.Nil(t, dsa)
+}
+
 func TestYieldlabAdapter_makeEndpointURL_invalidEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
 	bidder, buildErr := Builder(openrtb_ext.BidderYieldlab, config.Adapter{
 		Endpoint: "test$:/something§"}, config.Server{ExternalUrl: "http://hosturl.com", GvlID: 1, DataCenter: "2"})
diff --git a/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlabtest/exemplary/dsa.json b/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlabtest/exemplary/dsa.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0c815835
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlabtest/exemplary/dsa.json
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "test-request-with-DSA",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "test-imp-id",
+        "banner": {
+          "format": [
+            {
+              "w": 728,
+              "h": 90
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "adslotId": "12345",
+            "supplyId": "123456789",
+            "targeting": {
+              "key1": "value1",
+              "key2": "value2"
+            },
+            "extId": "abc"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ifa": "hello-ads",
+      "devicetype": 4,
+      "connectiontype": 6,
+      "geo": {
+        "lat": 51.499488,
+        "lon": -0.128953
+      },
+      "ua": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.142 Safari/537.36",
+      "ip": "169.254.13.37",
+      "h": 1098,
+      "w": 814
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 1,
+        "dsa": {
+          "dsarequired": 3,
+          "pubrender": 0,
+          "datatopub": 2,
+          "transparency": [
+            {
+              "domain": "platform1domain.com",
+              "dsaparams": [
+                1
+              ]
+            },
+            {
+              "domain": "SSP2domain.com",
+              "dsaparams": [
+                1,
+                2
+              ]
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "fake-site-id",
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "1"
+      },
+      "page": "http://localhost:9090/gdpr.html"
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "buyeruid": "34a53e82-0dc3-4815-8b7e-b725ede0361c",
+      "ext": {
+        "consent": "BOlOrv1OlOr2EAAABADECg-AAAApp7v______9______9uz_Ov_v_f__33e8__9v_l_7_-___u_-3zd4u_1vf99yfm1-7etr3tp_87ues2_Xur__79__3z3_9phP78k89r7337Ew-v02"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "headers": {
+          "Accept": [
+            "application/json"
+          ],
+          "Cookie": [
+            "id=34a53e82-0dc3-4815-8b7e-b725ede0361c"
+          ],
+          "Referer": [
+            "http://localhost:9090/gdpr.html"
+          ],
+          "User-Agent": [
+            "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.142 Safari/537.36"
+          ],
+          "X-Forwarded-For": [
+            "169.254.13.37"
+          ]
+        },
+        "uri": "https://ad.yieldlab.net/testing/12345?consent=BOlOrv1OlOr2EAAABADECg-AAAApp7v______9______9uz_Ov_v_f__33e8__9v_l_7_-___u_-3zd4u_1vf99yfm1-7etr3tp_87ues2_Xur__79__3z3_9phP78k89r7337Ew-v02&content=json&dsadatatopub=2&dsapubrender=0&dsarequired=3&dsatransparency=platform1domain.com~1~~SSP2domain.com~1_2&gdpr=1&ids=ylid%3A34a53e82-0dc3-4815-8b7e-b725ede0361c&lat=51.499488&lon=-0.128953&pvid=true&sizes=12345%3A728x90&t=key1%3Dvalue1%26key2%3Dvalue2&ts=testing&yl_rtb_connectiontype=6&yl_rtb_devicetype=4&yl_rtb_ifa=hello-ads"
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "body": [
+          {
+            "id": 12345,
+            "price": 201,
+            "advertiser": "yieldlab",
+            "adsize": "728x90",
+            "pid": 1234,
+            "did": 5678,
+            "pvid": "40cb3251-1e1e-4cfd-8edc-7d32dc1a21e5",
+            "dsa": {
+              "required": 3,
+              "behalf": "on behalf of yieldlab",
+              "paid": "by yieldlab",
+              "transparency": [
+                {
+                  "domain": "yieldlab.de",
+                  "dsaparams": [
+                    1,
+                    2
+                  ]
+                }
+              ],
+              "adrender": 0
+            }
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": [
+    {
+      "currency": "EUR",
+      "bids": [
+        {
+          "bid": {
+            "adm": "<script src=\"https://ad.yieldlab.net/d/12345/123456789/728x90?consent=BOlOrv1OlOr2EAAABADECg-AAAApp7v______9______9uz_Ov_v_f__33e8__9v_l_7_-___u_-3zd4u_1vf99yfm1-7etr3tp_87ues2_Xur__79__3z3_9phP78k89r7337Ew-v02&gdpr=1&id=abc&ids=ylid%3A34a53e82-0dc3-4815-8b7e-b725ede0361c&pvid=40cb3251-1e1e-4cfd-8edc-7d32dc1a21e5&ts=testing\"></script>",
+            "crid": "12345123433",
+            "dealid": "1234",
+            "ext": {
+              "dsa": {
+                "adrender": 0,
+                "transparency": [
+                  {
+                    "domain": "yieldlab.de",
+                    "dsaparams": [
+                      1,
+                      2
+                    ]
+                  }
+                ],
+                "behalf": "on behalf of yieldlab",
+                "paid": "by yieldlab"
+              }
+            },
+            "id": "12345",
+            "impid": "test-imp-id",
+            "price": 2.01,
+            "w": 728,
+            "h": 90
+          },
+          "type": "banner"
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlabtest/supplemental/dsa_empty.json b/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlabtest/supplemental/dsa_empty.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..594e5bb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlabtest/supplemental/dsa_empty.json
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "test-request-with-empty-DSA",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "test-imp-id",
+        "banner": {
+          "format": [
+            {
+              "w": 728,
+              "h": 90
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "adslotId": "12345",
+            "supplyId": "123456789",
+            "targeting": {
+              "key1": "value1",
+              "key2": "value2"
+            },
+            "extId": "abc"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ifa": "hello-ads",
+      "devicetype": 4,
+      "connectiontype": 6,
+      "geo": {
+        "lat": 51.499488,
+        "lon": -0.128953
+      },
+      "ua": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.142 Safari/537.36",
+      "ip": "169.254.13.37",
+      "h": 1098,
+      "w": 814
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 1,
+        "dsa": {
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "fake-site-id",
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "1"
+      },
+      "page": "http://localhost:9090/gdpr.html"
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "buyeruid": "34a53e82-0dc3-4815-8b7e-b725ede0361c",
+      "ext": {
+        "consent": "BOlOrv1OlOr2EAAABADECg-AAAApp7v______9______9uz_Ov_v_f__33e8__9v_l_7_-___u_-3zd4u_1vf99yfm1-7etr3tp_87ues2_Xur__79__3z3_9phP78k89r7337Ew-v02"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "headers": {
+          "Accept": [
+            "application/json"
+          ],
+          "Cookie": [
+            "id=34a53e82-0dc3-4815-8b7e-b725ede0361c"
+          ],
+          "Referer": [
+            "http://localhost:9090/gdpr.html"
+          ],
+          "User-Agent": [
+            "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.142 Safari/537.36"
+          ],
+          "X-Forwarded-For": [
+            "169.254.13.37"
+          ]
+        },
+        "uri": "https://ad.yieldlab.net/testing/12345?consent=BOlOrv1OlOr2EAAABADECg-AAAApp7v______9______9uz_Ov_v_f__33e8__9v_l_7_-___u_-3zd4u_1vf99yfm1-7etr3tp_87ues2_Xur__79__3z3_9phP78k89r7337Ew-v02&content=json&gdpr=1&ids=ylid%3A34a53e82-0dc3-4815-8b7e-b725ede0361c&lat=51.499488&lon=-0.128953&pvid=true&sizes=12345%3A728x90&t=key1%3Dvalue1%26key2%3Dvalue2&ts=testing&yl_rtb_connectiontype=6&yl_rtb_devicetype=4&yl_rtb_ifa=hello-ads"
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "body": [
+          {
+            "id": 12345,
+            "price": 201,
+            "advertiser": "yieldlab",
+            "adsize": "728x90",
+            "pid": 1234,
+            "did": 5678,
+            "pvid": "40cb3251-1e1e-4cfd-8edc-7d32dc1a21e5",
+            "dsa": {
+            }
+          }
+        ]
+
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": [
+    {
+      "currency": "EUR",
+      "bids": [
+        {
+          "bid": {
+            "adm": "<script src=\"https://ad.yieldlab.net/d/12345/123456789/728x90?consent=BOlOrv1OlOr2EAAABADECg-AAAApp7v______9______9uz_Ov_v_f__33e8__9v_l_7_-___u_-3zd4u_1vf99yfm1-7etr3tp_87ues2_Xur__79__3z3_9phP78k89r7337Ew-v02&gdpr=1&id=abc&ids=ylid%3A34a53e82-0dc3-4815-8b7e-b725ede0361c&pvid=40cb3251-1e1e-4cfd-8edc-7d32dc1a21e5&ts=testing\"></script>",
+            "crid": "12345123433",
+            "dealid": "1234",
+            "ext": {
+              "dsa": {
+              }
+            },
+            "id": "12345",
+            "impid": "test-imp-id",
+            "price": 2.01,
+            "w": 728,
+            "h": 90
+          },
+          "type": "banner"
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlabtest/supplemental/dsa_empty_transparency.json b/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlabtest/supplemental/dsa_empty_transparency.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c966a716
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlabtest/supplemental/dsa_empty_transparency.json
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "test-request-with-empty-DSA-transparency",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "test-imp-id",
+        "banner": {
+          "format": [
+            {
+              "w": 728,
+              "h": 90
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "adslotId": "12345",
+            "supplyId": "123456789",
+            "targeting": {
+              "key1": "value1",
+              "key2": "value2"
+            },
+            "extId": "abc"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ifa": "hello-ads",
+      "devicetype": 4,
+      "connectiontype": 6,
+      "geo": {
+        "lat": 51.499488,
+        "lon": -0.128953
+      },
+      "ua": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.142 Safari/537.36",
+      "ip": "169.254.13.37",
+      "h": 1098,
+      "w": 814
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 1,
+        "dsa": {
+          "transparency": [
+            {
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "fake-site-id",
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "1"
+      },
+      "page": "http://localhost:9090/gdpr.html"
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "buyeruid": "34a53e82-0dc3-4815-8b7e-b725ede0361c",
+      "ext": {
+        "consent": "BOlOrv1OlOr2EAAABADECg-AAAApp7v______9______9uz_Ov_v_f__33e8__9v_l_7_-___u_-3zd4u_1vf99yfm1-7etr3tp_87ues2_Xur__79__3z3_9phP78k89r7337Ew-v02"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "httpCalls": [
+    {
+      "expectedRequest": {
+        "headers": {
+          "Accept": [
+            "application/json"
+          ],
+          "Cookie": [
+            "id=34a53e82-0dc3-4815-8b7e-b725ede0361c"
+          ],
+          "Referer": [
+            "http://localhost:9090/gdpr.html"
+          ],
+          "User-Agent": [
+            "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.142 Safari/537.36"
+          ],
+          "X-Forwarded-For": [
+            "169.254.13.37"
+          ]
+        },
+        "uri": "https://ad.yieldlab.net/testing/12345?consent=BOlOrv1OlOr2EAAABADECg-AAAApp7v______9______9uz_Ov_v_f__33e8__9v_l_7_-___u_-3zd4u_1vf99yfm1-7etr3tp_87ues2_Xur__79__3z3_9phP78k89r7337Ew-v02&content=json&gdpr=1&ids=ylid%3A34a53e82-0dc3-4815-8b7e-b725ede0361c&lat=51.499488&lon=-0.128953&pvid=true&sizes=12345%3A728x90&t=key1%3Dvalue1%26key2%3Dvalue2&ts=testing&yl_rtb_connectiontype=6&yl_rtb_devicetype=4&yl_rtb_ifa=hello-ads"
+      },
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "status": 200,
+        "body": [
+          {
+            "id": 12345,
+            "price": 201,
+            "advertiser": "yieldlab",
+            "adsize": "728x90",
+            "pid": 1234,
+            "did": 5678,
+            "pvid": "40cb3251-1e1e-4cfd-8edc-7d32dc1a21e5",
+            "dsa": {
+              "transparency": [
+                {
+                }
+              ]
+            }
+          }
+        ]
+
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "expectedBidResponses": [
+    {
+      "currency": "EUR",
+      "bids": [
+        {
+          "bid": {
+            "adm": "<script src=\"https://ad.yieldlab.net/d/12345/123456789/728x90?consent=BOlOrv1OlOr2EAAABADECg-AAAApp7v______9______9uz_Ov_v_f__33e8__9v_l_7_-___u_-3zd4u_1vf99yfm1-7etr3tp_87ues2_Xur__79__3z3_9phP78k89r7337Ew-v02&gdpr=1&id=abc&ids=ylid%3A34a53e82-0dc3-4815-8b7e-b725ede0361c&pvid=40cb3251-1e1e-4cfd-8edc-7d32dc1a21e5&ts=testing\"></script>",
+            "crid": "12345123433",
+            "dealid": "1234",
+            "ext": {
+              "dsa": {
+                "transparency": [
+                  {
+                  }
+                ]
+              }
+            },
+            "id": "12345",
+            "impid": "test-imp-id",
+            "price": 2.01,
+            "w": 728,
+            "h": 90
+          },
+          "type": "banner"
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlabtest/supplemental/invalid_reg_ext.json b/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlabtest/supplemental/invalid_reg_ext.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1723b8fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/adapters/yieldlab/yieldlabtest/supplemental/invalid_reg_ext.json
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+{
+  "mockBidRequest": {
+    "id": "test-request-with-wrong-DSA-type",
+    "imp": [
+      {
+        "id": "test-imp-id",
+        "banner": {
+          "format": [
+            {
+              "w": 728,
+              "h": 90
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        "ext": {
+          "bidder": {
+            "adslotId": "12345",
+            "supplyId": "123456789",
+            "targeting": {
+              "key1": "value1",
+              "key2": "value2"
+            },
+            "extId": "abc"
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    ],
+    "device": {
+      "ifa": "hello-ads",
+      "devicetype": 4,
+      "connectiontype": 6,
+      "geo": {
+        "lat": 51.499488,
+        "lon": -0.128953
+      },
+      "ua": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.142 Safari/537.36",
+      "ip": "169.254.13.37",
+      "h": 1098,
+      "w": 814
+    },
+    "regs": {
+      "ext": {
+        "gdpr": 1,
+        "DSA": ""
+      }
+    },
+    "site": {
+      "id": "fake-site-id",
+      "publisher": {
+        "id": "1"
+      },
+      "page": "http://localhost:9090/gdpr.html"
+    },
+    "user": {
+      "buyeruid": "34a53e82-0dc3-4815-8b7e-b725ede0361c",
+      "ext": {
+        "consent": "BOlOrv1OlOr2EAAABADECg-AAAApp7v______9______9uz_Ov_v_f__33e8__9v_l_7_-___u_-3zd4u_1vf99yfm1-7etr3tp_87ues2_Xur__79__3z3_9phP78k89r7337Ew-v02"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "expectedMakeRequestsErrors": [
+    {
+      "value": "failed to parse Regs.Ext object from Yieldlab response: json: cannot unmarshal string into Go struct field openRTBExtRegsWithDSA.dsa of type yieldlab.dsaRequest",
+      "comparison": "literal"
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/amp/parse_test.go b/amp/parse_test.go
index a377c471..f2f09728 100644
--- a/amp/parse_test.go
+++ b/amp/parse_test.go
@@ -284,18 +284,24 @@ func TestPrivacyReader(t *testing.T) {
 						ampParams: Params{Consent: "1YYY"},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
-						policyWriter: ccpa.ConsentWriter{"1YYY"},
+						policyWriter: ccpa.ConsentWriter{Consent: "1YYY"},
 						warning:      nil,
 					},
 				},
 				{
 					desc: "No consent type, valid CCPA consent string and gdpr_applies set to true: expect a CCPA consent writer and a warning",
 					in: testInput{
-						ampParams: Params{Consent: "1YYY", GdprApplies: &boolTrue},
+						ampParams: Params{
+							Consent:     "1YYY",
+							GdprApplies: &boolTrue,
+						},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
-						policyWriter: ccpa.ConsentWriter{"1YYY"},
-						warning:      &errortypes.Warning{Message: "AMP request gdpr_applies value was ignored because provided consent string is a CCPA consent string", WarningCode: errortypes.InvalidPrivacyConsentWarningCode},
+						policyWriter: ccpa.ConsentWriter{Consent: "1YYY"},
+						warning: &errortypes.Warning{
+							Message:     "AMP request gdpr_applies value was ignored because provided consent string is a CCPA consent string",
+							WarningCode: errortypes.InvalidPrivacyConsentWarningCode,
+						},
 					},
 				},
 				{
@@ -304,8 +310,11 @@ func TestPrivacyReader(t *testing.T) {
 						ampParams: Params{Consent: "CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA"},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
-						policyWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{"CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA", &int8One},
-						warning:      nil,
+						policyWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{
+							Consent:    "CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA",
+							RegExtGDPR: &int8One,
+						},
+						warning: nil,
 					},
 				},
 			},
@@ -316,41 +325,63 @@ func TestPrivacyReader(t *testing.T) {
 				{
 					desc: "Unrecognized consent type was specified and invalid consent string provided: expect nil policy writer and a warning",
 					in: testInput{
-						ampParams: Params{ConsentType: 101, Consent: "NOT_CCPA_NOR_GDPR_TCF2"},
+						ampParams: Params{
+							ConsentType: 101,
+							Consent:     "NOT_CCPA_NOR_GDPR_TCF2",
+						},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
 						policyWriter: privacy.NilPolicyWriter{},
-						warning:      &errortypes.Warning{Message: "Consent string 'NOT_CCPA_NOR_GDPR_TCF2' is not recognized as one of the supported formats CCPA or TCF2.", WarningCode: errortypes.InvalidPrivacyConsentWarningCode},
+						warning: &errortypes.Warning{
+							Message:     "Consent string 'NOT_CCPA_NOR_GDPR_TCF2' is not recognized as one of the supported formats CCPA or TCF2.",
+							WarningCode: errortypes.InvalidPrivacyConsentWarningCode,
+						},
 					},
 				},
 				{
 					desc: "Unrecognized consent type specified but query params come with a valid CCPA consent string: expect a CCPA consent writer and no error nor warning",
 					in: testInput{
-						ampParams: Params{ConsentType: 101, Consent: "1YYY"},
+						ampParams: Params{
+							ConsentType: 101,
+							Consent:     "1YYY",
+						},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
-						policyWriter: ccpa.ConsentWriter{"1YYY"},
+						policyWriter: ccpa.ConsentWriter{Consent: "1YYY"},
 						warning:      nil,
 					},
 				},
 				{
 					desc: "Unrecognized consent type, valid CCPA consent string and gdpr_applies set to true: expect a CCPA consent writer and a warning",
 					in: testInput{
-						ampParams: Params{ConsentType: 101, Consent: "1YYY", GdprApplies: &boolTrue},
+						ampParams: Params{
+							ConsentType: 101,
+							Consent:     "1YYY",
+							GdprApplies: &boolTrue,
+						},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
-						policyWriter: ccpa.ConsentWriter{"1YYY"},
-						warning:      &errortypes.Warning{Message: "AMP request gdpr_applies value was ignored because provided consent string is a CCPA consent string", WarningCode: errortypes.InvalidPrivacyConsentWarningCode},
+						policyWriter: ccpa.ConsentWriter{Consent: "1YYY"},
+						warning: &errortypes.Warning{
+							Message:     "AMP request gdpr_applies value was ignored because provided consent string is a CCPA consent string",
+							WarningCode: errortypes.InvalidPrivacyConsentWarningCode,
+						},
 					},
 				},
 				{
 					desc: "Unrecognized consent type, valid TCF2 consent string and gdpr_applies not set: expect GDPR consent writer and no error nor warning",
 					in: testInput{
-						ampParams: Params{ConsentType: 101, Consent: "CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA"},
+						ampParams: Params{
+							ConsentType: 101,
+							Consent:     "CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA",
+						},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
-						policyWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{"CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA", &int8One},
-						warning:      nil,
+						policyWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{
+							Consent:    "CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA",
+							RegExtGDPR: &int8One,
+						},
+						warning: nil,
 					},
 				},
 			},
@@ -361,51 +392,91 @@ func TestPrivacyReader(t *testing.T) {
 				{
 					desc: "GDPR consent string is invalid, but consent type is TCF2: return a valid GDPR writer and warn about the GDPR string being invalid",
 					in: testInput{
-						ampParams: Params{Consent: "INVALID_GDPR", ConsentType: ConsentTCF2, GdprApplies: nil},
+						ampParams: Params{
+							Consent:     "INVALID_GDPR",
+							ConsentType: ConsentTCF2,
+							GdprApplies: nil,
+						},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
-						policyWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{"INVALID_GDPR", &int8One},
-						warning:      &errortypes.Warning{Message: "Consent string 'INVALID_GDPR' is not a valid TCF2 consent string.", WarningCode: errortypes.InvalidPrivacyConsentWarningCode},
+						policyWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{
+							Consent:    "INVALID_GDPR",
+							RegExtGDPR: &int8One,
+						},
+						warning: &errortypes.Warning{
+							Message:     "Consent string 'INVALID_GDPR' is not a valid TCF2 consent string.",
+							WarningCode: errortypes.InvalidPrivacyConsentWarningCode,
+						},
 					},
 				},
 				{
 					desc: "GDPR consent string is invalid, consent type is TCF2, gdpr_applies is set to true: return a valid GDPR writer and warn about the GDPR string being invalid",
 					in: testInput{
-						ampParams: Params{Consent: "INVALID_GDPR", ConsentType: ConsentTCF2, GdprApplies: &boolFalse},
+						ampParams: Params{
+							Consent:     "INVALID_GDPR",
+							ConsentType: ConsentTCF2,
+							GdprApplies: &boolFalse,
+						},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
-						policyWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{"INVALID_GDPR", &int8Zero},
-						warning:      &errortypes.Warning{Message: "Consent string 'INVALID_GDPR' is not a valid TCF2 consent string.", WarningCode: errortypes.InvalidPrivacyConsentWarningCode},
+						policyWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{
+							Consent:    "INVALID_GDPR",
+							RegExtGDPR: &int8Zero,
+						},
+						warning: &errortypes.Warning{
+							Message:     "Consent string 'INVALID_GDPR' is not a valid TCF2 consent string.",
+							WarningCode: errortypes.InvalidPrivacyConsentWarningCode,
+						},
 					},
 				},
 				{
 					desc: "Valid GDPR consent string, gdpr_applies is set to false, return a valid GDPR writer, no warning",
 					in: testInput{
-						ampParams: Params{Consent: "CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA", ConsentType: ConsentTCF2, GdprApplies: &boolFalse},
+						ampParams: Params{
+							Consent:     "CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA",
+							ConsentType: ConsentTCF2,
+							GdprApplies: &boolFalse,
+						},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
-						policyWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{"CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA", &int8Zero},
-						warning:      nil,
+						policyWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{
+							Consent:    "CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA",
+							RegExtGDPR: &int8Zero,
+						},
+						warning: nil,
 					},
 				},
 				{
 					desc: "Valid GDPR consent string, gdpr_applies is set to true, return a valid GDPR writer and no warning",
 					in: testInput{
-						ampParams: Params{Consent: "CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA", ConsentType: ConsentTCF2, GdprApplies: &boolTrue},
+						ampParams: Params{
+							Consent:     "CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA",
+							ConsentType: ConsentTCF2,
+							GdprApplies: &boolTrue,
+						},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
-						policyWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{"CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA", &int8One},
-						warning:      nil,
+						policyWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{
+							Consent:    "CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA",
+							RegExtGDPR: &int8One,
+						},
+						warning: nil,
 					},
 				},
 				{
 					desc: "Valid GDPR consent string, return a valid GDPR writer and no warning",
 					in: testInput{
-						ampParams: Params{Consent: "CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA", ConsentType: ConsentTCF2},
+						ampParams: Params{
+							Consent:     "CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA",
+							ConsentType: ConsentTCF2,
+						},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
-						policyWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{"CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA", &int8One},
-						warning:      nil,
+						policyWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{
+							Consent:    "CPdiPIJPdiPIJACABBENAzCv_____3___wAAAQNd_X9cAAAAAAAA",
+							RegExtGDPR: &int8One,
+						},
+						warning: nil,
 					},
 				},
 			},
@@ -416,30 +487,46 @@ func TestPrivacyReader(t *testing.T) {
 				{
 					desc: "CCPA consent string is invalid: return a valid writer a warning about the string being invalid",
 					in: testInput{
-						ampParams: Params{Consent: "XXXX", ConsentType: ConsentUSPrivacy},
+						ampParams: Params{
+							Consent:     "XXXX",
+							ConsentType: ConsentUSPrivacy,
+						},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
-						policyWriter: ccpa.ConsentWriter{"XXXX"},
-						warning:      &errortypes.Warning{Message: "Consent string 'XXXX' is not a valid CCPA consent string.", WarningCode: errortypes.InvalidPrivacyConsentWarningCode},
+						policyWriter: ccpa.ConsentWriter{Consent: "XXXX"},
+						warning: &errortypes.Warning{
+							Message:     "Consent string 'XXXX' is not a valid CCPA consent string.",
+							WarningCode: errortypes.InvalidPrivacyConsentWarningCode,
+						},
 					},
 				},
 				{
 					desc: "Valid CCPA consent string, gdpr_applies is set to true: return a valid GDPR writer and warn about the gdpr_applies value.",
 					in: testInput{
-						ampParams: Params{Consent: "1YYY", ConsentType: ConsentUSPrivacy, GdprApplies: &boolTrue},
+						ampParams: Params{
+							Consent:     "1YYY",
+							ConsentType: ConsentUSPrivacy,
+							GdprApplies: &boolTrue,
+						},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
-						policyWriter: ccpa.ConsentWriter{"1YYY"},
-						warning:      &errortypes.Warning{Message: "AMP request gdpr_applies value was ignored because provided consent string is a CCPA consent string", WarningCode: errortypes.InvalidPrivacyConsentWarningCode},
+						policyWriter: ccpa.ConsentWriter{Consent: "1YYY"},
+						warning: &errortypes.Warning{
+							Message:     "AMP request gdpr_applies value was ignored because provided consent string is a CCPA consent string",
+							WarningCode: errortypes.InvalidPrivacyConsentWarningCode,
+						},
 					},
 				},
 				{
 					desc: "Valid CCPA consent string, return a valid GDPR writer and no warning",
 					in: testInput{
-						ampParams: Params{Consent: "1YYY", ConsentType: ConsentUSPrivacy},
+						ampParams: Params{
+							Consent:     "1YYY",
+							ConsentType: ConsentUSPrivacy,
+						},
 					},
 					expected: expectedResults{
-						policyWriter: ccpa.ConsentWriter{"1YYY"},
+						policyWriter: ccpa.ConsentWriter{Consent: "1YYY"},
 						warning:      nil,
 					},
 				},
@@ -469,19 +556,34 @@ func TestBuildGdprTCF2ConsentWriter(t *testing.T) {
 		expectedWriter gdpr.ConsentWriter
 	}{
 		{
-			desc:           "gdpr_applies not set",
-			inParams:       Params{Consent: consentString},
-			expectedWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{consentString, &int8One},
+			desc:     "gdpr_applies not set",
+			inParams: Params{Consent: consentString},
+			expectedWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{
+				Consent:    consentString,
+				RegExtGDPR: &int8One,
+			},
 		},
 		{
-			desc:           "gdpr_applies set to false",
-			inParams:       Params{Consent: consentString, GdprApplies: &boolFalse},
-			expectedWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{consentString, &int8Zero},
+			desc: "gdpr_applies set to false",
+			inParams: Params{
+				Consent:     consentString,
+				GdprApplies: &boolFalse,
+			},
+			expectedWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{
+				Consent:    consentString,
+				RegExtGDPR: &int8Zero,
+			},
 		},
 		{
-			desc:           "gdpr_applies set to true",
-			inParams:       Params{Consent: consentString, GdprApplies: &boolTrue},
-			expectedWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{consentString, &int8One},
+			desc: "gdpr_applies set to true",
+			inParams: Params{
+				Consent:     consentString,
+				GdprApplies: &boolTrue,
+			},
+			expectedWriter: gdpr.ConsentWriter{
+				Consent:    consentString,
+				RegExtGDPR: &int8One,
+			},
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
diff --git a/dsa/validate_test.go b/dsa/validate_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..74d428c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dsa/validate_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+package dsa
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/prebid/openrtb/v20/openrtb2"
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/exchange/entities"
+	"github.com/prebid/prebid-server/v2/openrtb_ext"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestValidate(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		giveRequest *openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper
+		giveBid     *entities.PbsOrtbBid
+		wantValid   bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "not_required",
+			giveRequest: &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+				BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+					Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{
+						Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa": {"dsarequired": 0}}`),
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			giveBid:   nil,
+			wantValid: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "required_and_bid_is_nil",
+			giveRequest: &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+				BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+					Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{
+						Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa": {"dsarequired": 2}}`),
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			giveBid:   nil,
+			wantValid: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "required_and_bid.bid_is_nil",
+			giveRequest: &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+				BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+					Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{
+						Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa": {"dsarequired": 2}}`),
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			giveBid:   &entities.PbsOrtbBid{},
+			wantValid: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "required_and_bid.ext.dsa_not_present",
+			giveRequest: &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+				BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+					Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{
+						Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa": {"dsarequired": 2}}`),
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			giveBid: &entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{
+					Ext: json.RawMessage(`{}`),
+				},
+			},
+			wantValid: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "required_and_bid.ext.dsa_present",
+			giveRequest: &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+				BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+					Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{
+						Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa": {"dsarequired": 2}}`),
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			giveBid: &entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{
+					Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa": {}}`),
+				},
+			},
+			wantValid: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			valid := Validate(tt.giveRequest, tt.giveBid)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantValid, valid)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDSARequired(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name         string
+		giveRequest  *openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper
+		wantRequired bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "not_required_and_reg.ext.dsa_is_nil",
+			giveRequest: &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+				BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+					Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{
+						Ext: json.RawMessage(`{}`),
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantRequired: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "not_required_and_reg.ext.dsa_is_empty",
+			giveRequest: &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+				BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+					Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{
+						Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa": {}}`),
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantRequired: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "required_and_reg.ext.dsa_is_0",
+			giveRequest: &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+				BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+					Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{
+						Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa": {"dsarequired": 0}}`),
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantRequired: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "required_and_reg.ext.dsa_is_1",
+			giveRequest: &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+				BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+					Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{
+						Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa": {"dsarequired": 1}}`),
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantRequired: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "required_and_reg.ext.dsa_is_2",
+			giveRequest: &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+				BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+					Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{
+						Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa": {"dsarequired": 2}}`),
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantRequired: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "required_and_reg.ext.dsa_is_3",
+			giveRequest: &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+				BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+					Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{
+						Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa": {"dsarequired": 3}}`),
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			wantRequired: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			required := dsaRequired(tt.giveRequest)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantRequired, required)
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/exchange/auction_test.go b/exchange/auction_test.go
index 40b1aba9..17224dcd 100644
--- a/exchange/auction_test.go
+++ b/exchange/auction_test.go
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ func loadCacheSpec(filename string) (*cacheSpec, error) {
 func runCacheSpec(t *testing.T, fileDisplayName string, specData *cacheSpec) {
 	var bid *entities.PbsOrtbBid
 	winningBidsByImp := make(map[string]*entities.PbsOrtbBid)
-	winningBidsByBidder := make(map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid)
+	allBidsByBidder := make(map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid)
 	roundedPrices := make(map[*entities.PbsOrtbBid]string)
 	bidCategory := make(map[string]string)
 
@@ -210,15 +210,15 @@ func runCacheSpec(t *testing.T, fileDisplayName string, specData *cacheSpec) {
 		}
 
 		// Map this bid if it's the highest we've seen from this bidder so far
-		if bidMap, ok := winningBidsByBidder[bid.Bid.ImpID]; ok {
+		if bidMap, ok := allBidsByBidder[bid.Bid.ImpID]; ok {
 			bidMap[pbsBid.Bidder] = append(bidMap[pbsBid.Bidder], bid)
 		} else {
-			winningBidsByBidder[bid.Bid.ImpID] = map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+			allBidsByBidder[bid.Bid.ImpID] = map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 				pbsBid.Bidder: {bid},
 			}
 		}
 
-		for _, topBidsPerBidder := range winningBidsByBidder {
+		for _, topBidsPerBidder := range allBidsByBidder {
 			for _, topBids := range topBidsPerBidder {
 				sort.Slice(topBids, func(i, j int) bool {
 					return isNewWinningBid(topBids[i].Bid, topBids[j].Bid, true)
@@ -263,9 +263,9 @@ func runCacheSpec(t *testing.T, fileDisplayName string, specData *cacheSpec) {
 	}
 
 	testAuction := &auction{
-		winningBids:         winningBidsByImp,
-		winningBidsByBidder: winningBidsByBidder,
-		roundedPrices:       roundedPrices,
+		winningBids:     winningBidsByImp,
+		allBidsByBidder: allBidsByBidder,
+		roundedPrices:   roundedPrices,
 	}
 	evTracking := &eventTracking{
 		accountID:          "TEST_ACC_ID",
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ func TestNewAuction(t *testing.T) {
 				winningBids: map[string]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": &bid1p230,
 				},
-				winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": {
 						"appnexus": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p123},
 						"rubicon":  []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p230},
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ func TestNewAuction(t *testing.T) {
 					"imp1": &bid1p230,
 					"imp2": &bid2p144,
 				},
-				winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": {
 						"appnexus": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p230},
 						"rubicon":  []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p077},
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ func TestNewAuction(t *testing.T) {
 				winningBids: map[string]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": &bid1p123,
 				},
-				winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": {
 						"appnexus": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p123},
 						"rubicon":  []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p088d},
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ func TestNewAuction(t *testing.T) {
 				winningBids: map[string]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": &bid1p088d,
 				},
-				winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": {
 						"appnexus": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p123},
 						"rubicon":  []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p088d},
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ func TestNewAuction(t *testing.T) {
 				winningBids: map[string]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": &bid1p166d,
 				},
-				winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": {
 						"appnexus": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p166d},
 						"rubicon":  []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p088d},
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ func TestNewAuction(t *testing.T) {
 				winningBids: map[string]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": &bid1p166d,
 				},
-				winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": {
 						"appnexus": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p166d},
 						"rubicon":  []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p088d},
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ func TestNewAuction(t *testing.T) {
 					"imp1": &bid1p166d,
 					"imp2": &bid2p166,
 				},
-				winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": {
 						"appnexus": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p166d, &bid1p077},
 						"pubmatic": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p088d, &bid1p123},
@@ -645,11 +645,11 @@ func TestValidateAndUpdateMultiBid(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	type fields struct {
-		winningBids         map[string]*entities.PbsOrtbBid
-		winningBidsByBidder map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid
-		roundedPrices       map[*entities.PbsOrtbBid]string
-		cacheIds            map[*openrtb2.Bid]string
-		vastCacheIds        map[*openrtb2.Bid]string
+		winningBids     map[string]*entities.PbsOrtbBid
+		allBidsByBidder map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid
+		roundedPrices   map[*entities.PbsOrtbBid]string
+		cacheIds        map[*openrtb2.Bid]string
+		vastCacheIds    map[*openrtb2.Bid]string
 	}
 	type args struct {
 		adapterBids            map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*entities.PbsOrtbSeatBid
@@ -657,8 +657,8 @@ func TestValidateAndUpdateMultiBid(t *testing.T) {
 		accountDefaultBidLimit int
 	}
 	type want struct {
-		winningBidsByBidder map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid
-		adapterBids         map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*entities.PbsOrtbSeatBid
+		allBidsByBidder map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid
+		adapterBids     map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*entities.PbsOrtbSeatBid
 	}
 	tests := []struct {
 		description string
@@ -673,7 +673,7 @@ func TestValidateAndUpdateMultiBid(t *testing.T) {
 					"imp1": &bid1p166d,
 					"imp2": &bid2p166,
 				},
-				winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": {
 						"appnexus": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p001, &bid1p166d, &bid1p077},
 						"pubmatic": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p088d, &bid1p123},
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ func TestValidateAndUpdateMultiBid(t *testing.T) {
 				preferDeals:            true,
 			},
 			want: want{
-				winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": {
 						"appnexus": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p166d, &bid1p077, &bid1p001},
 						"pubmatic": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p088d, &bid1p123},
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ func TestValidateAndUpdateMultiBid(t *testing.T) {
 					"imp1": &bid1p166d,
 					"imp2": &bid2p166,
 				},
-				winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": {
 						"appnexus": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p001, &bid1p166d, &bid1p077},
 						"pubmatic": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p088d, &bid1p123},
@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ func TestValidateAndUpdateMultiBid(t *testing.T) {
 				preferDeals:            true,
 			},
 			want: want{
-				winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": {
 						"appnexus": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p166d, &bid1p077, &bid1p001},
 						"pubmatic": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p088d, &bid1p123},
@@ -775,7 +775,7 @@ func TestValidateAndUpdateMultiBid(t *testing.T) {
 					"imp1": &bid1p166d,
 					"imp2": &bid2p166,
 				},
-				winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": {
 						"appnexus": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p001, &bid1p166d, &bid1p077},
 						"pubmatic": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p088d, &bid1p123},
@@ -799,7 +799,7 @@ func TestValidateAndUpdateMultiBid(t *testing.T) {
 				preferDeals:            true,
 			},
 			want: want{
-				winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 					"imp1": {
 						"appnexus": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p166d, &bid1p077},
 						"pubmatic": []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{&bid1p088d, &bid1p123},
@@ -823,14 +823,14 @@ func TestValidateAndUpdateMultiBid(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.description, func(t *testing.T) {
 			a := &auction{
-				winningBids:         tt.fields.winningBids,
-				winningBidsByBidder: tt.fields.winningBidsByBidder,
-				roundedPrices:       tt.fields.roundedPrices,
-				cacheIds:            tt.fields.cacheIds,
-				vastCacheIds:        tt.fields.vastCacheIds,
+				winningBids:     tt.fields.winningBids,
+				allBidsByBidder: tt.fields.allBidsByBidder,
+				roundedPrices:   tt.fields.roundedPrices,
+				cacheIds:        tt.fields.cacheIds,
+				vastCacheIds:    tt.fields.vastCacheIds,
 			}
 			a.validateAndUpdateMultiBid(tt.args.adapterBids, tt.args.preferDeals, tt.args.accountDefaultBidLimit)
-			assert.Equal(t, tt.want.winningBidsByBidder, tt.fields.winningBidsByBidder, tt.description)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.want.allBidsByBidder, tt.fields.allBidsByBidder, tt.description)
 			assert.Equal(t, tt.want.adapterBids, tt.args.adapterBids, tt.description)
 		})
 	}
diff --git a/exchange/bidder_test.go b/exchange/bidder_test.go
index a1662ab7..9f092b7d 100644
--- a/exchange/bidder_test.go
+++ b/exchange/bidder_test.go
@@ -3377,11 +3377,11 @@ func TestGetRequestBody(t *testing.T) {
 			if test.endpointCompression == "GZIP" {
 				assert.Equal(t, "gzip", req.Headers.Get("Content-Encoding"))
 
-				decompressedReqBody, err := decompressGzip(requestBody)
+				decompressedReqBody, err := decompressGzip(requestBody.Bytes())
 				assert.NoError(t, err)
 				assert.Equal(t, test.givenReqBody, decompressedReqBody)
 			} else {
-				assert.Equal(t, test.givenReqBody, requestBody)
+				assert.Equal(t, test.givenReqBody, requestBody.Bytes())
 			}
 		})
 	}
diff --git a/exchange/exchange_test.go b/exchange/exchange_test.go
index ee2e0f6e..e484e21a 100644
--- a/exchange/exchange_test.go
+++ b/exchange/exchange_test.go
@@ -144,18 +144,20 @@ func TestCharacterEscape(t *testing.T) {
 	adapterBids["appnexus"] = &entities.PbsOrtbSeatBid{Currency: "USD"}
 
 	//An openrtb2.BidRequest struct as specified in https://github.com/prebid/prebid-server/issues/465
-	bidRequest := &openrtb2.BidRequest{
-		ID: "some-request-id",
-		Imp: []openrtb2.Imp{{
-			ID:     "some-impression-id",
-			Banner: &openrtb2.Banner{Format: []openrtb2.Format{{W: 300, H: 250}, {W: 300, H: 600}}},
-			Ext:    json.RawMessage(`{"appnexus": {"placementId": 1}}`),
-		}},
-		Site:   &openrtb2.Site{Page: "prebid.org", Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"amp":0}`)},
-		Device: &openrtb2.Device{UA: "curl/7.54.0", IP: "::1"},
-		AT:     1,
-		TMax:   500,
-		Ext:    json.RawMessage(`{"id": "some-request-id","site": {"page": "prebid.org"},"imp": [{"id": "some-impression-id","banner": {"format": [{"w": 300,"h": 250},{"w": 300,"h": 600}]},"ext": {"appnexus": {"placementId": 1}}}],"tmax": 500}`),
+	bidRequest := &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+		BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+			ID: "some-request-id",
+			Imp: []openrtb2.Imp{{
+				ID:     "some-impression-id",
+				Banner: &openrtb2.Banner{Format: []openrtb2.Format{{W: 300, H: 250}, {W: 300, H: 600}}},
+				Ext:    json.RawMessage(`{"appnexus": {"placementId": 1}}`),
+			}},
+			Site:   &openrtb2.Site{Page: "prebid.org", Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"amp":0}`)},
+			Device: &openrtb2.Device{UA: "curl/7.54.0", IP: "::1"},
+			AT:     1,
+			TMax:   500,
+			Ext:    json.RawMessage(`{"id": "some-request-id","site": {"page": "prebid.org"},"imp": [{"id": "some-impression-id","banner": {"format": [{"w": 300,"h": 250},{"w": 300,"h": 600}]},"ext": {"appnexus": {"placementId": 1}}}],"tmax": 500}`),
+		},
 	}
 
 	//adapterExtra map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*seatResponseExtra,
@@ -1303,34 +1305,36 @@ func TestGetBidCacheInfoEndToEnd(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 	}
-	bidRequest := &openrtb2.BidRequest{
-		ID:   "some-request-id",
-		TMax: 1000,
-		Imp: []openrtb2.Imp{
-			{
-				ID:     "test-div",
-				Secure: openrtb2.Int8Ptr(0),
-				Banner: &openrtb2.Banner{Format: []openrtb2.Format{{W: 300, H: 250}}},
-				Ext: json.RawMessage(` {
-    "rubicon": {
-        "accountId": 1001,
-        "siteId": 113932,
-        "zoneId": 535510
-    },
-    "appnexus": { "placementId": 1 },
-    "pubmatic": { "publisherId": "156209", "adSlot": "pubmatic_test2@300x250" },
-    "pulsepoint": { "cf": "300X250", "cp": 512379, "ct": 486653 },
-    "conversant": { "site_id": "108060" },
-    "ix": { "siteId": "287415" }
-}`),
+	bidRequest := &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+		BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+			ID:   "some-request-id",
+			TMax: 1000,
+			Imp: []openrtb2.Imp{
+				{
+					ID:     "test-div",
+					Secure: openrtb2.Int8Ptr(0),
+					Banner: &openrtb2.Banner{Format: []openrtb2.Format{{W: 300, H: 250}}},
+					Ext: json.RawMessage(` {
+						"rubicon": {
+							"accountId": 1001,
+							"siteId": 113932,
+							"zoneId": 535510
+						},
+						"appnexus": { "placementId": 1 },
+						"pubmatic": { "publisherId": "156209", "adSlot": "pubmatic_test2@300x250" },
+						"pulsepoint": { "cf": "300X250", "cp": 512379, "ct": 486653 },
+						"conversant": { "site_id": "108060" },
+						"ix": { "siteId": "287415" }
+					}`),
+				},
 			},
+			Site: &openrtb2.Site{
+				Page:      "http://rubitest.com/index.html",
+				Publisher: &openrtb2.Publisher{ID: "1001"},
+			},
+			Test: 1,
+			Ext:  json.RawMessage(`{"prebid": { "cache": { "bids": {}, "vastxml": {} }, "targeting": { "pricegranularity": "med", "includewinners": true, "includebidderkeys": false } }}`),
 		},
-		Site: &openrtb2.Site{
-			Page:      "http://rubitest.com/index.html",
-			Publisher: &openrtb2.Publisher{ID: "1001"},
-		},
-		Test: 1,
-		Ext:  json.RawMessage(`{"prebid": { "cache": { "bids": {}, "vastxml": {} }, "targeting": { "pricegranularity": "med", "includewinners": true, "includebidderkeys": false } }}`),
 	}
 
 	var errList []error
@@ -1426,7 +1430,7 @@ func TestBidReturnsCreative(t *testing.T) {
 
 	//Run tests
 	for _, test := range testCases {
-		resultingBids, resultingErrs := e.makeBid(sampleBids, sampleAuction, test.inReturnCreative, nil, nil, "", "", &nonBids{})
+		resultingBids, resultingErrs := e.makeBid(sampleBids, sampleAuction, test.inReturnCreative, nil, &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{}, nil, "", "", &nonBids{})
 
 		assert.Equal(t, 0, len(resultingErrs), "%s. Test should not return errors \n", test.description)
 		assert.Equal(t, test.expectedCreativeMarkup, resultingBids[0].AdM, "%s. Ad markup string doesn't match expected \n", test.description)
@@ -1594,18 +1598,20 @@ func TestBidResponseCurrency(t *testing.T) {
 	liveAdapters := make([]openrtb_ext.BidderName, 1)
 	liveAdapters[0] = "appnexus"
 
-	bidRequest := &openrtb2.BidRequest{
-		ID: "some-request-id",
-		Imp: []openrtb2.Imp{{
-			ID:     "some-impression-id",
-			Banner: &openrtb2.Banner{Format: []openrtb2.Format{{W: 300, H: 250}, {W: 300, H: 600}}},
-			Ext:    json.RawMessage(`{"appnexus": {"placementId": 10433394}}`),
-		}},
-		Site:   &openrtb2.Site{Page: "prebid.org", Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"amp":0}`)},
-		Device: &openrtb2.Device{UA: "curl/7.54.0", IP: "::1"},
-		AT:     1,
-		TMax:   500,
-		Ext:    json.RawMessage(`{"id": "some-request-id","site": {"page": "prebid.org"},"imp": [{"id": "some-impression-id","banner": {"format": [{"w": 300,"h": 250},{"w": 300,"h": 600}]},"ext": {"appnexus": {"placementId": 10433394}}}],"tmax": 500}`),
+	bidRequest := &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+		BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+			ID: "some-request-id",
+			Imp: []openrtb2.Imp{{
+				ID:     "some-impression-id",
+				Banner: &openrtb2.Banner{Format: []openrtb2.Format{{W: 300, H: 250}, {W: 300, H: 600}}},
+				Ext:    json.RawMessage(`{"appnexus": {"placementId": 10433394}}`),
+			}},
+			Site:   &openrtb2.Site{Page: "prebid.org", Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"amp":0}`)},
+			Device: &openrtb2.Device{UA: "curl/7.54.0", IP: "::1"},
+			AT:     1,
+			TMax:   500,
+			Ext:    json.RawMessage(`{"id": "some-request-id","site": {"page": "prebid.org"},"imp": [{"id": "some-impression-id","banner": {"format": [{"w": 300,"h": 250},{"w": 300,"h": 600}]},"ext": {"appnexus": {"placementId": 10433394}}}],"tmax": 500}`),
+		},
 	}
 
 	adapterExtra := map[openrtb_ext.BidderName]*seatResponseExtra{
@@ -1740,14 +1746,16 @@ func TestBidResponseImpExtInfo(t *testing.T) {
 	liveAdapters := make([]openrtb_ext.BidderName, 1)
 	liveAdapters[0] = "appnexus"
 
-	bidRequest := &openrtb2.BidRequest{
-		ID: "some-request-id",
-		Imp: []openrtb2.Imp{{
-			ID:    "some-impression-id",
-			Video: &openrtb2.Video{},
-			Ext:   json.RawMessage(`{"appnexus": {"placementId": 10433394}}`),
-		}},
-		Ext: json.RawMessage(``),
+	bidRequest := &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+		BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+			ID: "some-request-id",
+			Imp: []openrtb2.Imp{{
+				ID:    "some-impression-id",
+				Video: &openrtb2.Video{},
+				Ext:   json.RawMessage(`{"appnexus": {"placementId": 10433394}}`),
+			}},
+			Ext: json.RawMessage(``),
+		},
 	}
 
 	var errList []error
@@ -3542,7 +3550,7 @@ func TestApplyDealSupport(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 
 		auc := &auction{
-			winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+			allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 				"imp_id1": {
 					test.in.bidderName: {&bid},
 				},
@@ -3551,8 +3559,8 @@ func TestApplyDealSupport(t *testing.T) {
 
 		dealErrs := applyDealSupport(bidRequest, auc, bidCategory, nil)
 
-		assert.Equal(t, test.expected.hbPbCatDur, bidCategory[auc.winningBidsByBidder["imp_id1"][test.in.bidderName][0].Bid.ID], test.description)
-		assert.Equal(t, test.expected.dealTierSatisfied, auc.winningBidsByBidder["imp_id1"][test.in.bidderName][0].DealTierSatisfied, "expected.dealTierSatisfied=%v when %v", test.expected.dealTierSatisfied, test.description)
+		assert.Equal(t, test.expected.hbPbCatDur, bidCategory[auc.allBidsByBidder["imp_id1"][test.in.bidderName][0].Bid.ID], test.description)
+		assert.Equal(t, test.expected.dealTierSatisfied, auc.allBidsByBidder["imp_id1"][test.in.bidderName][0].DealTierSatisfied, "expected.dealTierSatisfied=%v when %v", test.expected.dealTierSatisfied, test.description)
 		if len(test.expected.dealErr) > 0 {
 			assert.Containsf(t, dealErrs, errors.New(test.expected.dealErr), "Expected error message not found in deal errors")
 		}
@@ -3593,7 +3601,7 @@ func TestApplyDealSupportMultiBid(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				},
 				auc: &auction{
-					winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+					allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 						"imp_id1": {
 							openrtb_ext.BidderName("appnexus"): {
 								&entities.PbsOrtbBid{&openrtb2.Bid{ID: "123456"}, nil, "video", map[string]string{}, &openrtb_ext.ExtBidPrebidVideo{}, nil, nil, 5, false, "", 0, "USD", ""},
@@ -3639,7 +3647,7 @@ func TestApplyDealSupportMultiBid(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				},
 				auc: &auction{
-					winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+					allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 						"imp_id1": {
 							openrtb_ext.BidderName("appnexus"): {
 								&entities.PbsOrtbBid{&openrtb2.Bid{ID: "123456"}, nil, "video", map[string]string{}, &openrtb_ext.ExtBidPrebidVideo{}, nil, nil, 5, false, "", 0, "USD", ""},
@@ -3690,7 +3698,7 @@ func TestApplyDealSupportMultiBid(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				},
 				auc: &auction{
-					winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+					allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 						"imp_id1": {
 							openrtb_ext.BidderName("appnexus"): {
 								&entities.PbsOrtbBid{&openrtb2.Bid{ID: "123456"}, nil, "video", map[string]string{}, &openrtb_ext.ExtBidPrebidVideo{}, nil, nil, 5, false, "", 0, "USD", ""},
@@ -3729,7 +3737,7 @@ func TestApplyDealSupportMultiBid(t *testing.T) {
 			errs := applyDealSupport(tt.args.bidRequest, tt.args.auc, tt.args.bidCategory, tt.args.multiBid)
 			assert.Equal(t, tt.want.errs, errs)
 
-			for impID, topBidsPerImp := range tt.args.auc.winningBidsByBidder {
+			for impID, topBidsPerImp := range tt.args.auc.allBidsByBidder {
 				for bidder, topBidsPerBidder := range topBidsPerImp {
 					for i, topBid := range topBidsPerBidder {
 						assert.Equal(t, tt.want.expectedHbPbCatDur[impID][bidder.String()][i], tt.args.bidCategory[topBid.Bid.ID], tt.name)
@@ -4735,17 +4743,42 @@ func TestMakeBidWithValidation(t *testing.T) {
 	sampleAd := "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><VAST ...></VAST>"
 	sampleOpenrtbBid := &openrtb2.Bid{ID: "some-bid-id", AdM: sampleAd}
 
-	// Define test cases
 	testCases := []struct {
-		description       string
-		givenValidations  config.Validations
-		givenBids         []*entities.PbsOrtbBid
-		givenSeat         openrtb_ext.BidderName
-		expectedNumOfBids int
-		expectedNonBids   *nonBids
+		name                     string
+		givenBidRequestExt       json.RawMessage
+		givenValidations         config.Validations
+		givenBids                []*entities.PbsOrtbBid
+		givenSeat                openrtb_ext.BidderName
+		expectedNumOfBids        int
+		expectedNonBids          *nonBids
+		expectedNumDebugErrors   int
+		expectedNumDebugWarnings int
 	}{
 		{
-			description:       "Validation is enforced, and one bid out of the two is invalid based on dimensions",
+			name:               "One_of_two_bids_is_invalid_based_on_DSA_object_presence",
+			givenBidRequestExt: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa": {"dsarequired": 2}}`),
+			givenValidations:   config.Validations{},
+			givenBids:          []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{{Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa": {}}`)}}, {Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{}}},
+			givenSeat:          "pubmatic",
+			expectedNumOfBids:  1,
+			expectedNonBids: &nonBids{
+				seatNonBidsMap: map[string][]openrtb_ext.NonBid{
+					"pubmatic": {
+						{
+							StatusCode: 300,
+							Ext: openrtb_ext.NonBidExt{
+								Prebid: openrtb_ext.ExtResponseNonBidPrebid{
+									Bid: openrtb_ext.NonBidObject{},
+								},
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			expectedNumDebugWarnings: 1,
+		},
+		{
+			name:              "Creative_size_validation_enforced,_one_of_two_bids_has_invalid_dimensions",
 			givenValidations:  config.Validations{BannerCreativeMaxSize: config.ValidationEnforce, MaxCreativeWidth: 100, MaxCreativeHeight: 100},
 			givenBids:         []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{{Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{W: 200, H: 200}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}, {Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{W: 50, H: 50}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}},
 			givenSeat:         "pubmatic",
@@ -4767,17 +4800,19 @@ func TestMakeBidWithValidation(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				},
 			},
+			expectedNumDebugErrors: 1,
 		},
 		{
-			description:       "Validation is warned, so no bids should be removed (Validating CreativeMaxSize) ",
-			givenValidations:  config.Validations{BannerCreativeMaxSize: config.ValidationWarn, MaxCreativeWidth: 100, MaxCreativeHeight: 100},
-			givenBids:         []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{{Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{W: 200, H: 200}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}, {Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{W: 50, H: 50}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}},
-			givenSeat:         "pubmatic",
-			expectedNumOfBids: 2,
-			expectedNonBids:   &nonBids{},
+			name:                   "Creative_size_validation_warned,_one_of_two_bids_has_invalid_dimensions",
+			givenValidations:       config.Validations{BannerCreativeMaxSize: config.ValidationWarn, MaxCreativeWidth: 100, MaxCreativeHeight: 100},
+			givenBids:              []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{{Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{W: 200, H: 200}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}, {Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{W: 50, H: 50}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}},
+			givenSeat:              "pubmatic",
+			expectedNumOfBids:      2,
+			expectedNonBids:        &nonBids{},
+			expectedNumDebugErrors: 1,
 		},
 		{
-			description:       "Validation is enforced, and one bid out of the two is invalid based on AdM",
+			name:              "AdM_validation_enforced,_one_of_two_bids_has_invalid_AdM",
 			givenValidations:  config.Validations{SecureMarkup: config.ValidationEnforce},
 			givenBids:         []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{{Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{AdM: "http://domain.com/invalid", ImpID: "1"}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}, {Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{AdM: "https://domain.com/valid", ImpID: "2"}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}},
 			givenSeat:         "pubmatic",
@@ -4792,17 +4827,19 @@ func TestMakeBidWithValidation(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				},
 			},
+			expectedNumDebugErrors: 1,
 		},
 		{
-			description:       "Validation is warned so no bids should be removed (Validating SecureMarkup)",
-			givenValidations:  config.Validations{SecureMarkup: config.ValidationWarn},
-			givenBids:         []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{{Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{AdM: "http://domain.com/invalid", ImpID: "1"}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}, {Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{AdM: "https://domain.com/valid", ImpID: "2"}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}},
-			givenSeat:         "pubmatic",
-			expectedNumOfBids: 2,
-			expectedNonBids:   &nonBids{},
+			name:                   "AdM_validation_warned,_one_of_two_bids_has_invalid_AdM",
+			givenValidations:       config.Validations{SecureMarkup: config.ValidationWarn},
+			givenBids:              []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{{Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{AdM: "http://domain.com/invalid", ImpID: "1"}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}, {Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{AdM: "https://domain.com/valid", ImpID: "2"}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}},
+			givenSeat:              "pubmatic",
+			expectedNumOfBids:      2,
+			expectedNonBids:        &nonBids{},
+			expectedNumDebugErrors: 1,
 		},
 		{
-			description:       "Adm validation is skipped, creative size validation is enforced, one Adm is invalid, but because we skip, no bids should be removed",
+			name:              "Adm_validation_skipped,_creative_size_validation_enforced,_one_of_two_bids_has_invalid_AdM",
 			givenValidations:  config.Validations{SecureMarkup: config.ValidationSkip, BannerCreativeMaxSize: config.ValidationEnforce},
 			givenBids:         []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{{Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{AdM: "http://domain.com/invalid"}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}, {Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{AdM: "https://domain.com/valid"}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}},
 			givenSeat:         "pubmatic",
@@ -4810,8 +4847,8 @@ func TestMakeBidWithValidation(t *testing.T) {
 			expectedNonBids:   &nonBids{},
 		},
 		{
-			description:       "Creative Size Validation is skipped, Adm Validation is enforced, one Creative Size is invalid, but because we skip, no bids should be removed",
-			givenValidations:  config.Validations{BannerCreativeMaxSize: config.ValidationWarn, MaxCreativeWidth: 100, MaxCreativeHeight: 100},
+			name:              "Creative_size_validation_skipped,_Adm_Validation_enforced,_one_of_two_bids_has_invalid_dimensions",
+			givenValidations:  config.Validations{BannerCreativeMaxSize: config.ValidationSkip, MaxCreativeWidth: 100, MaxCreativeHeight: 100},
 			givenBids:         []*entities.PbsOrtbBid{{Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{W: 200, H: 200}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}, {Bid: &openrtb2.Bid{W: 50, H: 50}, BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner}},
 			givenSeat:         "pubmatic",
 			expectedNumOfBids: 2,
@@ -4844,23 +4881,34 @@ func TestMakeBidWithValidation(t *testing.T) {
 
 	e.currencyConverter = currency.NewRateConverter(&http.Client{}, "", time.Duration(0))
 
-	bidExtResponse := &openrtb_ext.ExtBidResponse{Errors: make(map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]openrtb_ext.ExtBidderMessage)}
-
 	ImpExtInfoMap := make(map[string]ImpExtInfo)
 	ImpExtInfoMap["1"] = ImpExtInfo{}
 	ImpExtInfoMap["2"] = ImpExtInfo{}
 
 	//Run tests
 	for _, test := range testCases {
-		t.Run(test.description, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			bidExtResponse := &openrtb_ext.ExtBidResponse{
+				Errors:   make(map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]openrtb_ext.ExtBidderMessage),
+				Warnings: make(map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]openrtb_ext.ExtBidderMessage),
+			}
+			bidRequest := &openrtb_ext.RequestWrapper{
+				BidRequest: &openrtb2.BidRequest{
+					Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{
+						Ext: test.givenBidRequestExt,
+					},
+				},
+			}
 			e.bidValidationEnforcement = test.givenValidations
 			sampleBids := test.givenBids
 			nonBids := &nonBids{}
-			resultingBids, resultingErrs := e.makeBid(sampleBids, sampleAuction, true, ImpExtInfoMap, bidExtResponse, test.givenSeat, "", nonBids)
+			resultingBids, resultingErrs := e.makeBid(sampleBids, sampleAuction, true, ImpExtInfoMap, bidRequest, bidExtResponse, test.givenSeat, "", nonBids)
 
-			assert.Equal(t, 0, len(resultingErrs), "%s. Test should not return errors \n", test.description)
-			assert.Equal(t, test.expectedNumOfBids, len(resultingBids), "%s. Test returns more valid bids than expected\n", test.description)
-			assert.Equal(t, test.expectedNonBids, nonBids, "%s. Test returns incorrect nonBids\n", test.description)
+			assert.Equal(t, 0, len(resultingErrs))
+			assert.Equal(t, test.expectedNumOfBids, len(resultingBids))
+			assert.Equal(t, test.expectedNonBids, nonBids)
+			assert.Equal(t, test.expectedNumDebugErrors, len(bidExtResponse.Errors))
+			assert.Equal(t, test.expectedNumDebugWarnings, len(bidExtResponse.Warnings))
 		})
 	}
 }
diff --git a/exchange/exchangetest/dsa-not-required.json b/exchange/exchangetest/dsa-not-required.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f2a1f821
--- /dev/null
+++ b/exchange/exchangetest/dsa-not-required.json
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+{
+    "incomingRequest": {
+        "ortbRequest": {
+            "id": "some-request-id",
+            "site": {
+                "page": "test.somepage.com"
+            },
+            "imp": [{
+                "id": "my-imp-id",
+                "video": {
+                    "mimes": [
+                        "video/mp4"
+                    ]
+                },
+                "ext": {
+                    "prebid": {
+                        "bidder": {
+                            "appnexus": {
+                                "placementId": 1
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }],
+            "regs": {
+                "ext": {
+                    "dsa": {
+                        "dsarequired": 1,
+                        "pubrender": 0,
+                        "datatopub": 2,
+                        "transparency": [{
+                                "domain": "platform1domain.com",
+                                "dsaparams": [1]
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "domain": "SSP2domain.com",
+                                "dsaparams": [1, 2]
+                            }
+                        ]
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    },
+    "outgoingRequests": {
+        "appnexus": {
+            "expectRequest": {
+                "ortbRequest": {
+                    "id": "some-request-id",
+                    "site": {
+                        "page": "test.somepage.com"
+                    },
+                    "imp": [{
+                        "id": "my-imp-id",
+                        "video": {
+                            "mimes": [
+                                "video/mp4"
+                            ]
+                        },
+                        "ext": {
+                            "bidder": {
+                                "placementId": 1
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }],
+                    "regs": {
+                        "ext": {
+                            "dsa": {
+                                "dsarequired": 1,
+                                "pubrender": 0,
+                                "datatopub": 2,
+                                "transparency": [{
+                                        "domain": "platform1domain.com",
+                                        "dsaparams": [1]
+                                    },
+                                    {
+                                        "domain": "SSP2domain.com",
+                                        "dsaparams": [1, 2]
+                                    }
+                                ]
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            },
+            "mockResponse": {
+                "pbsSeatBids": [{
+                    "pbsBids": [{
+                        "ortbBid": {
+                            "id": "apn-bid",
+                            "impid": "my-imp-id",
+                            "price": 0.3,
+                            "w": 200,
+                            "h": 250,
+                            "crid": "creative-1",
+                            "ext": {
+                                "someField": "someValue",
+                                "origbidcpm": 0.3
+                            }
+                        },
+                        "bidType": "video"
+                    }],
+                    "seat": "appnexus"
+                }]
+            }
+        }
+    },
+    "response": {
+        "bids": {
+            "id": "some-request-id",
+            "seatbid": [{
+                "seat": "appnexus",
+                "bid": [{
+                    "id": "apn-bid",
+                    "impid": "my-imp-id",
+                    "price": 0.3,
+                    "w": 200,
+                    "h": 250,
+                    "crid": "creative-1",
+                    "ext": {
+                        "someField": "someValue",
+                        "origbidcpm": 0.3,
+                        "prebid": {
+                            "meta": {
+                                "adaptercode": "appnexus"
+                            },
+                            "type": "video"
+                        }
+                    }
+                }]
+            }]
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/exchange/exchangetest/dsa-required.json b/exchange/exchangetest/dsa-required.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d25efdc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/exchange/exchangetest/dsa-required.json
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+{
+    "incomingRequest": {
+        "ortbRequest": {
+            "id": "some-request-id",
+            "site": {
+                "page": "test.somepage.com"
+            },
+            "imp": [{
+                "id": "my-imp-id",
+                "video": {
+                    "mimes": [
+                        "video/mp4"
+                    ]
+                },
+                "ext": {
+                    "prebid": {
+                        "bidder": {
+                            "appnexus": {
+                                "placementId": 1
+                            },
+                            "audienceNetwork": {
+                                "placementId": "some-placement"
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }],
+            "regs": {
+                "ext": {
+                    "dsa": {
+                        "dsarequired": 2,
+                        "pubrender": 0,
+                        "datatopub": 2,
+                        "transparency": [{
+                                "domain": "platform1domain.com",
+                                "dsaparams": [1]
+                            },
+                            {
+                                "domain": "SSP2domain.com",
+                                "dsaparams": [1, 2]
+                            }
+                        ]
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    },
+    "outgoingRequests": {
+        "appnexus": {
+            "expectRequest": {
+                "ortbRequest": {
+                    "id": "some-request-id",
+                    "site": {
+                        "page": "test.somepage.com"
+                    },
+                    "imp": [{
+                        "id": "my-imp-id",
+                        "video": {
+                            "mimes": [
+                                "video/mp4"
+                            ]
+                        },
+                        "ext": {
+                            "bidder": {
+                                "placementId": 1
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }],
+                    "regs": {
+                        "ext": {
+                            "dsa": {
+                                "dsarequired": 2,
+                                "pubrender": 0,
+                                "datatopub": 2,
+                                "transparency": [{
+                                        "domain": "platform1domain.com",
+                                        "dsaparams": [1]
+                                    },
+                                    {
+                                        "domain": "SSP2domain.com",
+                                        "dsaparams": [1, 2]
+                                    }
+                                ]
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            },
+            "mockResponse": {
+                "pbsSeatBids": [{
+                    "pbsBids": [{
+                        "ortbBid": {
+                            "id": "apn-bid",
+                            "impid": "my-imp-id",
+                            "price": 0.3,
+                            "w": 200,
+                            "h": 250,
+                            "crid": "creative-1",
+                            "ext": {
+                                "someField": "someValue",
+                                "origbidcpm": 0.3,
+                                "dsa": {
+                                    "behalf": "Advertiser",
+                                    "paid": "Advertiser",
+                                    "transparency": [{
+                                        "domain": "dsp1domain.com",
+                                        "dsaparams": [1, 2]
+                                    }],
+                                    "adrender": 1
+                                }
+                            }
+                        },
+                        "bidType": "video"
+                    }],
+                    "seat": "appnexus"
+                }]
+            }
+        },
+        "audienceNetwork": {
+            "expectRequest": {
+                "ortbRequest": {
+                    "id": "some-request-id",
+                    "site": {
+                        "page": "test.somepage.com"
+                    },
+                    "imp": [{
+                        "id": "my-imp-id",
+                        "video": {
+                            "mimes": [
+                                "video/mp4"
+                            ]
+                        },
+                        "ext": {
+                            "bidder": {
+                                "placementId": "some-placement"
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }],
+                    "regs": {
+                        "ext": {
+                            "dsa": {
+                                "dsarequired": 2,
+                                "pubrender": 0,
+                                "datatopub": 2,
+                                "transparency": [{
+                                        "domain": "platform1domain.com",
+                                        "dsaparams": [1]
+                                    },
+                                    {
+                                        "domain": "SSP2domain.com",
+                                        "dsaparams": [1, 2]
+                                    }
+                                ]
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            },
+            "mockResponse": {
+                "pbsSeatBids": [{
+                    "pbsBids": [{
+                        "ortbBid": {
+                            "id": "apn-bid",
+                            "impid": "my-imp-id",
+                            "price": 0.3,
+                            "w": 200,
+                            "h": 250,
+                            "crid": "creative-1",
+                            "ext": {
+                                "someField": "someValue",
+                                "origbidcpm": 0.3
+                            }
+                        },
+                        "bidType": "video"
+                    }],
+                    "seat": "audienceNetwork"
+                }]
+            }
+        }
+    },
+    "response": {
+        "bids": {
+            "id": "some-request-id",
+            "seatbid": [{
+                "seat": "appnexus",
+                "bid": [{
+                    "id": "apn-bid",
+                    "impid": "my-imp-id",
+                    "price": 0.3,
+                    "w": 200,
+                    "h": 250,
+                    "crid": "creative-1",
+                    "ext": {
+                        "someField": "someValue",
+                        "origbidcpm": 0.3,
+                        "prebid": {
+                            "meta": {
+                                "adaptercode": "appnexus"
+                            },
+                            "type": "video"
+                        },
+                        "dsa": {
+                            "behalf": "Advertiser",
+                            "paid": "Advertiser",
+                            "transparency": [{
+                                "domain": "dsp1domain.com",
+                                "dsaparams": [1, 2]
+                            }],
+                            "adrender": 1
+                        }
+                    }
+                }]
+            },{
+                "seat": "audienceNetwork",
+                "bid": []
+            }]
+        }
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/exchange/exchangetest/targeting-always-include-deals.json b/exchange/exchangetest/targeting-always-include-deals.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1ffb8088
--- /dev/null
+++ b/exchange/exchangetest/targeting-always-include-deals.json
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+{
+  "incomingRequest": {
+    "ortbRequest": {
+      "id": "some-request-id",
+      "site": {
+        "page": "test.somepage.com"
+      },
+      "imp": [
+        {
+          "id": "my-imp-id",
+          "video": {
+            "mimes": [
+              "video/mp4"
+            ]
+          },
+          "ext": {
+            "prebid": {
+              "bidder": {
+                "appnexus": {
+                  "placementId": 1
+                },
+                "audienceNetwork": {
+                  "placementId": "some-placement"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        },
+        {
+          "id": "imp-id-2",
+          "video": {
+            "mimes": [
+              "video/mp4"
+            ]
+          },
+          "ext": {
+            "prebid": {
+              "bidder": {
+                "appnexus": {
+                  "placementId": 2
+                },
+                "audienceNetwork": {
+                  "placementId": "some-other-placement"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "ext": {
+        "prebid": {
+          "targeting": {
+            "pricegranularity": {
+              "precision": 2,
+              "ranges": [
+                {
+                  "min": 0,
+                  "max": 20,
+                  "increment": 0.1
+                }
+              ]
+            },
+            "includewinners": true,
+            "includebidderkeys": false,
+            "alwaysincludedeals": true
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "outgoingRequests": {
+    "appnexus": {
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "pbsSeatBids": [
+          {
+            "pbsBids": [
+              {
+                "ortbBid": {
+                  "id": "winning-bid",
+                  "impid": "my-imp-id",
+                  "price": 0.71,
+                  "w": 200,
+                  "h": 250,
+                  "crid": "creative-1",
+                  "dealid": "deal-1"
+                },
+                "bidType": "video"
+              },
+              {
+                "ortbBid": {
+                  "id": "losing-bid",
+                  "impid": "my-imp-id",
+                  "price": 0.21,
+                  "w": 200,
+                  "h": 250,
+                  "crid": "creative-2",
+                  "dealid": "deal-2"
+                },
+                "bidType": "video"
+              },
+              {
+                "ortbBid": {
+                  "id": "other-bid",
+                  "impid": "imp-id-2",
+                  "price": 0.61,
+                  "w": 300,
+                  "h": 500,
+                  "crid": "creative-3",
+                  "dealid": "deal-3"
+                },
+                "bidType": "video"
+              }
+            ],
+            "seat": "appnexus"
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    "audienceNetwork": {
+      "mockResponse": {
+        "pbsSeatBids": [
+          {
+            "pbsBids": [
+              {
+                "ortbBid": {
+                  "id": "contending-bid",
+                  "impid": "my-imp-id",
+                  "price": 0.51,
+                  "w": 200,
+                  "h": 250,
+                  "crid": "creative-4",
+                  "dealid": "deal-4"
+                },
+                "bidType": "video"
+              },
+              {
+                "ortbBid": {
+                  "id": "losing-bid-aN",
+                  "impid": "imp-id-2",
+                  "price": 0.40,
+                  "w": 200,
+                  "h": 250,
+                  "crid": "creative-5"
+                },
+                "bidType": "video"
+              }
+            ],
+            "seat": "audienceNetwork"
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "response": {
+    "bids": {
+      "id": "some-request-id",
+      "seatbid": [
+        {
+          "seat": "audienceNetwork",
+          "bid": [
+            {
+              "id": "contending-bid",
+              "impid": "my-imp-id",
+              "price": 0.51,
+              "w": 200,
+              "h": 250,
+              "crid": "creative-4",
+              "dealid": "deal-4",
+              "ext": {
+                "origbidcpm": 0.51,
+                "prebid": {
+                  "meta": {
+                    "adaptercode": "audienceNetwork"
+                  },
+                  "type": "video",
+                  "targeting": {
+                    "hb_bidder_audienceNe": "audienceNetwork",
+                    "hb_cache_host_audien": "www.pbcserver.com",
+                    "hb_cache_path_audien": "/pbcache/endpoint",
+                    "hb_deal_audienceNetw": "deal-4",
+                    "hb_pb_audienceNetwor": "0.50",
+                    "hb_size_audienceNetw": "200x250"
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            },
+            {
+              "id": "losing-bid-aN",
+              "impid": "imp-id-2",
+              "price": 0.40,
+              "w": 200,
+              "h": 250,
+              "crid": "creative-5",
+              "ext": {
+                "origbidcpm": 0.40,
+                "prebid": {
+                  "meta": {
+                    "adaptercode": "audienceNetwork"
+                  },
+                  "type": "video"
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          "seat": "appnexus",
+          "bid": [
+            {
+              "id": "winning-bid",
+              "impid": "my-imp-id",
+              "price": 0.71,
+              "w": 200,
+              "h": 250,
+              "crid": "creative-1",
+              "dealid": "deal-1",
+              "ext": {
+                "origbidcpm": 0.71,
+                "prebid": {
+                  "meta": {
+                    "adaptercode": "appnexus"
+                  },
+                  "type": "video",
+                  "targeting": {
+                    "hb_bidder": "appnexus",
+                    "hb_bidder_appnexus": "appnexus",
+                    "hb_cache_host": "www.pbcserver.com",
+                    "hb_cache_host_appnex": "www.pbcserver.com",
+                    "hb_cache_path": "/pbcache/endpoint",
+                    "hb_cache_path_appnex": "/pbcache/endpoint",
+                    "hb_pb": "0.70",
+                    "hb_pb_appnexus": "0.70",
+                    "hb_deal":"deal-1",
+                    "hb_deal_appnexus":"deal-1",
+                    "hb_size": "200x250",
+                    "hb_size_appnexus": "200x250"
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            },
+            {
+              "id": "losing-bid",
+              "impid": "my-imp-id",
+              "price": 0.21,
+              "w": 200,
+              "h": 250,
+              "crid": "creative-2",
+              "dealid": "deal-2",
+              "ext": {
+                "origbidcpm": 0.21,
+                "prebid": {
+                  "meta": {
+                    "adaptercode": "appnexus"
+                  },
+                  "type": "video"
+                }
+              }
+            },
+            {
+              "id": "other-bid",
+              "impid": "imp-id-2",
+              "price": 0.61,
+              "w": 300,
+              "h": 500,
+              "crid": "creative-3",
+              "dealid": "deal-3",
+              "ext": {
+                "origbidcpm": 0.61,
+                "prebid": {
+                  "meta": {
+                    "adaptercode": "appnexus"
+                  },
+                  "type": "video",
+                  "targeting": {
+                    "hb_bidder": "appnexus",
+                    "hb_bidder_appnexus": "appnexus",
+                    "hb_cache_host": "www.pbcserver.com",
+                    "hb_cache_host_appnex": "www.pbcserver.com",
+                    "hb_cache_path": "/pbcache/endpoint",
+                    "hb_cache_path_appnex": "/pbcache/endpoint",
+                    "hb_deal":"deal-3",
+                    "hb_deal_appnexus":"deal-3",
+                    "hb_pb": "0.60",
+                    "hb_pb_appnexus": "0.60",
+                    "hb_size": "300x500",
+                    "hb_size_appnexus": "300x500"
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/exchange/targeting_test.go b/exchange/targeting_test.go
index c124178e..e6cc429e 100644
--- a/exchange/targeting_test.go
+++ b/exchange/targeting_test.go
@@ -319,6 +319,11 @@ var bid2p166 *openrtb2.Bid = &openrtb2.Bid{
 	Price: 1.66,
 }
 
+var bid175 *openrtb2.Bid = &openrtb2.Bid{
+	Price:  1.75,
+	DealID: "mydeal2",
+}
+
 var (
 	truncateTargetAttrValue10       int = 10
 	truncateTargetAttrValue5        int = 5
@@ -339,7 +344,7 @@ var TargetingTests []TargetingTestData = []TargetingTestData{
 			includeWinners:   true,
 		},
 		Auction: auction{
-			winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+			allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 				"ImpId-1": {
 					openrtb_ext.BidderAppnexus: {{
 						Bid:     bid123,
@@ -374,7 +379,7 @@ var TargetingTests []TargetingTestData = []TargetingTestData{
 			includeBidderKeys: true,
 		},
 		Auction: auction{
-			winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+			allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 				"ImpId-1": {
 					openrtb_ext.BidderAppnexus: {{
 						Bid:     bid123,
@@ -409,6 +414,54 @@ var TargetingTests []TargetingTestData = []TargetingTestData{
 		},
 		TruncateTargetAttr: nil,
 	},
+	{
+		Description: "Targeting with alwaysIncludeDeals",
+		TargetData: targetData{
+			priceGranularity:   lookupPriceGranularity("med"),
+			alwaysIncludeDeals: true,
+		},
+		Auction: auction{
+			allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+				"ImpId-1": {
+					openrtb_ext.BidderAppnexus: {{
+						Bid:     bid111,
+						BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner,
+					}},
+					openrtb_ext.BidderRubicon: {{
+						Bid:     bid175,
+						BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner,
+					}},
+					openrtb_ext.BidderPubmatic: {{
+						Bid:     bid123,
+						BidType: openrtb_ext.BidTypeBanner,
+					}},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		ExpectedPbsBids: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]ExpectedPbsBid{
+			"ImpId-1": {
+				openrtb_ext.BidderAppnexus: []ExpectedPbsBid{
+					{
+						BidTargets: map[string]string{
+							"hb_bidder_appnexus": "appnexus",
+							"hb_pb_appnexus":     "1.10",
+							"hb_deal_appnexus":   "mydeal",
+						},
+					},
+				},
+				openrtb_ext.BidderRubicon: []ExpectedPbsBid{
+					{
+						BidTargets: map[string]string{
+							"hb_bidder_rubicon": "rubicon",
+							"hb_pb_rubicon":     "1.70",
+							"hb_deal_rubicon":   "mydeal2",
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		TruncateTargetAttr: nil,
+	},
 	{
 		Description: "Full basic targeting with hd_format",
 		TargetData: targetData{
@@ -418,7 +471,7 @@ var TargetingTests []TargetingTestData = []TargetingTestData{
 			includeFormat:     true,
 		},
 		Auction: auction{
-			winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+			allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 				"ImpId-1": {
 					openrtb_ext.BidderAppnexus: {{
 						Bid:     bid123,
@@ -467,7 +520,7 @@ var TargetingTests []TargetingTestData = []TargetingTestData{
 			cachePath:         "cache",
 		},
 		Auction: auction{
-			winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+			allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 				"ImpId-1": {
 					openrtb_ext.BidderAppnexus: {{
 						Bid:     bid123,
@@ -520,7 +573,7 @@ var TargetingTests []TargetingTestData = []TargetingTestData{
 			includeBidderKeys: true,
 		},
 		Auction: auction{
-			winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+			allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 				"ImpId-1": {
 					openrtb_ext.BidderAppnexus: {{
 						Bid:     bid123,
@@ -550,7 +603,7 @@ var TargetingTests []TargetingTestData = []TargetingTestData{
 			includeBidderKeys: true,
 		},
 		Auction: auction{
-			winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+			allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 				"ImpId-1": {
 					openrtb_ext.BidderAppnexus: {{
 						Bid:     bid123,
@@ -592,7 +645,7 @@ var TargetingTests []TargetingTestData = []TargetingTestData{
 			includeBidderKeys: true,
 		},
 		Auction: auction{
-			winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+			allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 				"ImpId-1": {
 					openrtb_ext.BidderAppnexus: {{
 						Bid:     bid123,
@@ -634,7 +687,7 @@ var TargetingTests []TargetingTestData = []TargetingTestData{
 			includeBidderKeys: true,
 		},
 		Auction: auction{
-			winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+			allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 				"ImpId-1": {
 					openrtb_ext.BidderAppnexus: {{
 						Bid:     bid123,
@@ -676,7 +729,7 @@ var TargetingTests []TargetingTestData = []TargetingTestData{
 			includeWinners:   true,
 		},
 		Auction: auction{
-			winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+			allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 				"ImpId-1": {
 					openrtb_ext.BidderAppnexus: {{
 						Bid:     bid123,
@@ -711,7 +764,7 @@ var TargetingTests []TargetingTestData = []TargetingTestData{
 			includeWinners:   true,
 		},
 		Auction: auction{
-			winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+			allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 				"ImpId-1": {
 					openrtb_ext.BidderAppnexus: {{
 						Bid:     bid123,
@@ -746,7 +799,7 @@ var TargetingTests []TargetingTestData = []TargetingTestData{
 			includeWinners:   true,
 		},
 		Auction: auction{
-			winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+			allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 				"ImpId-1": {
 					openrtb_ext.BidderAppnexus: {{
 						Bid:     bid123,
@@ -783,7 +836,7 @@ var TargetingTests []TargetingTestData = []TargetingTestData{
 			includeFormat:     true,
 		},
 		Auction: auction{
-			winningBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
+			allBidsByBidder: map[string]map[openrtb_ext.BidderName][]*entities.PbsOrtbBid{
 				"ImpId-1": {
 					openrtb_ext.BidderAppnexus: {
 						{
@@ -918,7 +971,7 @@ func TestSetTargeting(t *testing.T) {
 		auc.setRoundedPrices(test.TargetData)
 		winningBids := make(map[string]*entities.PbsOrtbBid)
 		// Set winning bids from the auction data
-		for imp, bidsByBidder := range auc.winningBidsByBidder {
+		for imp, bidsByBidder := range auc.allBidsByBidder {
 			for _, bids := range bidsByBidder {
 				for _, bid := range bids {
 					if winningBid, ok := winningBids[imp]; ok {
@@ -939,12 +992,12 @@ func TestSetTargeting(t *testing.T) {
 				for i, expected := range expectedTargets {
 					assert.Equal(t,
 						expected.BidTargets,
-						auc.winningBidsByBidder[imp][bidder][i].BidTargets,
+						auc.allBidsByBidder[imp][bidder][i].BidTargets,
 						"Test: %s\nTargeting failed for bidder %s on imp %s.",
 						test.Description,
 						string(bidder),
 						imp)
-					assert.Equal(t, expected.TargetBidderCode, auc.winningBidsByBidder[imp][bidder][i].TargetBidderCode)
+					assert.Equal(t, expected.TargetBidderCode, auc.allBidsByBidder[imp][bidder][i].TargetBidderCode)
 				}
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/openrtb_ext/request_wrapper_test.go b/openrtb_ext/request_wrapper_test.go
index 6c318e37..f04a51a4 100644
--- a/openrtb_ext/request_wrapper_test.go
+++ b/openrtb_ext/request_wrapper_test.go
@@ -2049,3 +2049,292 @@ func TestCloneImpExt(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestRebuildRegExt(t *testing.T) {
+	strA := "a"
+	strB := "b"
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name            string
+		request         openrtb2.BidRequest
+		regExt          RegExt
+		expectedRequest openrtb2.BidRequest
+	}{
+		{
+			name:            "req_regs_nil_-_not_dirty_-_no_change",
+			request:         openrtb2.BidRequest{},
+			regExt:          RegExt{},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "req_regs_nil_-_dirty_and_different_-_change",
+			request: openrtb2.BidRequest{},
+			regExt:  RegExt{dsa: &ExtRegsDSA{Required: 1}, dsaDirty: true, gdpr: ptrutil.ToPtr[int8](1), gdprDirty: true, usPrivacy: strA, usPrivacyDirty: true},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{
+				Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{
+					Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa":{"dsarequired":1},"gdpr":1,"us_privacy":"a"}`),
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "req_regs_ext_nil_-_not_dirty_-_no_change",
+			request:         openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{}},
+			regExt:          RegExt{},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "req_regs_ext_nil_-_dirty_and_different_-_change",
+			request: openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{}},
+			regExt:  RegExt{dsa: &ExtRegsDSA{Required: 1}, dsaDirty: true, gdpr: ptrutil.ToPtr[int8](1), gdprDirty: true, usPrivacy: strA, usPrivacyDirty: true},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{
+				Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{
+					Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa":{"dsarequired":1},"gdpr":1,"us_privacy":"a"}`),
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "req_regs_dsa_populated_-_not_dirty_-_no_change",
+			request:         openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa":{"dsarequired":1}}`)}},
+			regExt:          RegExt{},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa":{"dsarequired":1}}`)}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "req_regs_dsa_populated_-_dirty_and_different-_change",
+			request:         openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa":{"dsarequired":1}}`)}},
+			regExt:          RegExt{dsa: &ExtRegsDSA{Required: 2}, dsaDirty: true},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa":{"dsarequired":2}}`)}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "req_regs_dsa_populated_-_dirty_and_same_-_no_change",
+			request:         openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa":{"dsarequired":1}}`)}},
+			regExt:          RegExt{dsa: &ExtRegsDSA{Required: 1}, dsaDirty: true},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa":{"dsarequired":1}}`)}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "req_regs_dsa_populated_-_dirty_and_nil_-_cleared",
+			request:         openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{}`)}},
+			regExt:          RegExt{dsa: nil, dsaDirty: true},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "req_regs_gdpr_populated_-_not_dirty_-_no_change",
+			request:         openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"gdpr":1}`)}},
+			regExt:          RegExt{},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"gdpr":1}`)}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "req_regs_gdpr_populated_-_dirty_and_different-_change",
+			request:         openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"gdpr":1}`)}},
+			regExt:          RegExt{gdpr: ptrutil.ToPtr[int8](0), gdprDirty: true},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"gdpr":0}`)}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "req_regs_gdpr_populated_-_dirty_and_same_-_no_change",
+			request:         openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"gdpr":1}`)}},
+			regExt:          RegExt{gdpr: ptrutil.ToPtr[int8](1), gdprDirty: true},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"gdpr":1}`)}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "req_regs_gdpr_populated_-_dirty_and_nil_-_cleared",
+			request:         openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{}`)}},
+			regExt:          RegExt{gdpr: nil, gdprDirty: true},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "req_regs_usprivacy_populated_-_not_dirty_-_no_change",
+			request:         openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"us_privacy":"a"}`)}},
+			regExt:          RegExt{},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"us_privacy":"a"}`)}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "req_regs_usprivacy_populated_-_dirty_and_different-_change",
+			request:         openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"us_privacy":"a"}`)}},
+			regExt:          RegExt{usPrivacy: strB, usPrivacyDirty: true},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"us_privacy":"b"}`)}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "req_regs_usprivacy_populated_-_dirty_and_same_-_no_change",
+			request:         openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"us_privacy":"a"}`)}},
+			regExt:          RegExt{usPrivacy: strA, usPrivacyDirty: true},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"us_privacy":"a"}`)}},
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "req_regs_usprivacy_populated_-_dirty_and_nil_-_cleared",
+			request:         openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{Ext: json.RawMessage(`{"us_privacy":"a"}`)}},
+			regExt:          RegExt{usPrivacy: "", usPrivacyDirty: true},
+			expectedRequest: openrtb2.BidRequest{Regs: &openrtb2.Regs{}},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			tt.regExt.ext = make(map[string]json.RawMessage)
+
+			w := RequestWrapper{BidRequest: &tt.request, regExt: &tt.regExt}
+			w.RebuildRequest()
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expectedRequest, *w.BidRequest)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegExtUnmarshal(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name            string
+		regExt          *RegExt
+		extJson         json.RawMessage
+		expectDSA       *ExtRegsDSA
+		expectGDPR      *int8
+		expectUSPrivacy string
+		expectError     bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "RegExt.ext_not_empty_and_not_dirtyr",
+			regExt: &RegExt{
+				ext: map[string]json.RawMessage{"dsa": json.RawMessage(`{}`)},
+			},
+			extJson:     json.RawMessage{},
+			expectError: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "RegExt.ext_empty_and_dirty",
+			regExt:      &RegExt{extDirty: true},
+			extJson:     json.RawMessage(`{"dsa":{"dsarequired":1}}`),
+			expectError: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "nothing_to_unmarshal",
+			regExt: &RegExt{
+				ext: map[string]json.RawMessage{},
+			},
+			extJson:     json.RawMessage{},
+			expectError: false,
+		},
+		// DSA
+		{
+			name:    "valid_dsa_json",
+			regExt:  &RegExt{},
+			extJson: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa":{"dsarequired":1}}`),
+			expectDSA: &ExtRegsDSA{
+				Required: 1,
+			},
+			expectError: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "malformed_dsa_json",
+			regExt:  &RegExt{},
+			extJson: json.RawMessage(`{"dsa":{"dsarequired":""}}`),
+			expectDSA: &ExtRegsDSA{
+				Required: 0,
+			},
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		// GDPR
+		{
+			name:        "valid_gdpr_json",
+			regExt:      &RegExt{},
+			extJson:     json.RawMessage(`{"gdpr":1}`),
+			expectGDPR:  ptrutil.ToPtr[int8](1),
+			expectError: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "malformed_gdpr_json",
+			regExt:      &RegExt{},
+			extJson:     json.RawMessage(`{"gdpr":""}`),
+			expectGDPR:  ptrutil.ToPtr[int8](0),
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		// us_privacy
+		{
+			name:            "valid_usprivacy_json",
+			regExt:          &RegExt{},
+			extJson:         json.RawMessage(`{"us_privacy":"consent"}`),
+			expectUSPrivacy: "consent",
+			expectError:     false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "malformed_usprivacy_json",
+			regExt:      &RegExt{},
+			extJson:     json.RawMessage(`{"us_privacy":1}`),
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			err := tt.regExt.unmarshal(tt.extJson)
+			if tt.expectError {
+				assert.Error(t, err)
+			} else {
+				assert.NoError(t, err)
+			}
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expectDSA, tt.regExt.dsa)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expectGDPR, tt.regExt.gdpr)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expectUSPrivacy, tt.regExt.usPrivacy)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegExtGetExtSetExt(t *testing.T) {
+	regExt := &RegExt{}
+	regExtJSON := regExt.GetExt()
+	assert.Equal(t, regExtJSON, map[string]json.RawMessage{})
+	assert.False(t, regExt.Dirty())
+
+	rawJSON := map[string]json.RawMessage{
+		"dsa":       json.RawMessage(`{}`),
+		"gdpr":      json.RawMessage(`1`),
+		"usprivacy": json.RawMessage(`"consent"`),
+	}
+	regExt.SetExt(rawJSON)
+	assert.True(t, regExt.Dirty())
+
+	regExtJSON = regExt.GetExt()
+	assert.Equal(t, regExtJSON, rawJSON)
+	assert.NotSame(t, regExtJSON, rawJSON)
+}
+
+func TestRegExtGetDSASetDSA(t *testing.T) {
+	regExt := &RegExt{}
+	regExtDSA := regExt.GetDSA()
+	assert.Nil(t, regExtDSA)
+	assert.False(t, regExt.Dirty())
+
+	dsa := &ExtRegsDSA{
+		Required: 2,
+	}
+	regExt.SetDSA(dsa)
+	assert.True(t, regExt.Dirty())
+
+	regExtDSA = regExt.GetDSA()
+	assert.Equal(t, regExtDSA, dsa)
+	assert.NotSame(t, regExtDSA, dsa)
+}
+
+func TestRegExtGetUSPrivacySetUSPrivacy(t *testing.T) {
+	regExt := &RegExt{}
+	regExtUSPrivacy := regExt.GetUSPrivacy()
+	assert.Equal(t, regExtUSPrivacy, "")
+	assert.False(t, regExt.Dirty())
+
+	usprivacy := "consent"
+	regExt.SetUSPrivacy(usprivacy)
+	assert.True(t, regExt.Dirty())
+
+	regExtUSPrivacy = regExt.GetUSPrivacy()
+	assert.Equal(t, regExtUSPrivacy, usprivacy)
+	assert.NotSame(t, regExtUSPrivacy, usprivacy)
+}
+
+func TestRegExtGetGDPRSetGDPR(t *testing.T) {
+	regExt := &RegExt{}
+	regExtGDPR := regExt.GetGDPR()
+	assert.Nil(t, regExtGDPR)
+	assert.False(t, regExt.Dirty())
+
+	gdpr := ptrutil.ToPtr[int8](1)
+	regExt.SetGDPR(gdpr)
+	assert.True(t, regExt.Dirty())
+
+	regExtGDPR = regExt.GetGDPR()
+	assert.Equal(t, regExtGDPR, gdpr)
+	assert.NotSame(t, regExtGDPR, gdpr)
+}