Repository: yt-dlp/yt-dlp
Pull request #12721 (2025-03-24 07:36:02)

[ie/tvw:tvchannels] Add extractor
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### Description of your *pull request* and other information

Add support for extracting TVW live TV channels. These streams are always live and they don't use the same extraction code as the videos as I had to extract a URL out of an iframe with URL encoded JSON as query parameters.


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### Before submitting a *pull request* make sure you have:
- [x] At least skimmed through [contributing guidelines](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#developer-instructions) including [yt-dlp coding conventions](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#yt-dlp-coding-conventions)
- [x] [Searched](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/search?q=is%3Apr&type=Issues) the bugtracker for similar pull requests

### In order to be accepted and merged into yt-dlp each piece of code must be in public domain or released under [Unlicense](http://unlicense.org/). Check those that apply and remove the others:
- [x] I am the original author of the code in this PR, and I am willing to release it under [Unlicense](http://unlicense.org/)
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### What is the purpose of your *pull request*? Check those that apply and remove the others:
- [ ] Fix or improvement to an extractor (Make sure to add/update tests)
- [x] New extractor ([Piracy websites will not be accepted](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#is-the-website-primarily-used-for-piracy))
- [ ] Core bug fix/improvement
- [ ] New feature (It is strongly [recommended to open an issue first](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#adding-new-feature-or-making-overarching-changes))

</details>



Patch:
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index c0329f539..0cc2cd7b2 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1770,7 +1770,7 @@ #### youtube
 * `lang`: Prefer translated metadata (`title`, `description` etc) of this language code (case-sensitive). By default, the video primary language metadata is preferred, with a fallback to `en` translated. See [youtube.py](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/blob/c26f9b991a0681fd3ea548d535919cec1fbbd430/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube.py#L381-L390) for list of supported content language codes
 * `skip`: One or more of `hls`, `dash` or `translated_subs` to skip extraction of the m3u8 manifests, dash manifests and [auto-translated subtitles](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/4090#issuecomment-1158102032) respectively
 * `player_client`: Clients to extract video data from. The currently available clients are `web`, `web_safari`, `web_embedded`, `web_music`, `web_creator`, `mweb`, `ios`, `android`, `android_vr`, `tv` and `tv_embedded`. By default, `tv,ios,web` is used, or `tv,web` is used when authenticating with cookies. The `web_music` client is added for `music.youtube.com` URLs when logged-in cookies are used. The `tv_embedded` and `web_creator` clients are added for age-restricted videos if account age-verification is required. Some clients, such as `web` and `web_music`, require a `po_token` for their formats to be downloadable. Some clients, such as `web_creator`, will only work with authentication. Not all clients support authentication via cookies. You can use `default` for the default clients, or you can use `all` for all clients (not recommended). You can prefix a client with `-` to exclude it, e.g. `youtube:player_client=default,-ios`
-* `player_skip`: Skip some network requests that are generally needed for robust extraction. One or more of `configs` (skip client configs), `webpage` (skip initial webpage), `js` (skip js player). While these options can help reduce the number of requests needed or avoid some rate-limiting, they could cause some issues. See [#860](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/860) for more details
+* `player_skip`: Skip some network requests that are generally needed for robust extraction. One or more of `configs` (skip client configs), `webpage` (skip initial webpage), `js` (skip js player), `initial_data` (skip initial data/next ep request). While these options can help reduce the number of requests needed or avoid some rate-limiting, they could cause issues such as missing formats or metadata.  See [#860](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/860) and [#12826](https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12826) for more details
 * `player_params`: YouTube player parameters to use for player requests. Will overwrite any default ones set by yt-dlp.
 * `comment_sort`: `top` or `new` (default) - choose comment sorting mode (on YouTube's side)
 * `max_comments`: Limit the amount of comments to gather. Comma-separated list of integers representing `max-comments,max-parents,max-replies,max-replies-per-thread`. Default is `all,all,all,all`
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py
index f7e3f25c3..9ae1bb36b 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/_extractors.py
@@ -2237,7 +2237,10 @@
     TVPlayIE,
 )
 from .tvplayer import TVPlayerIE
-from .tvw import TvwIE
+from .tvw import (
+    TvwIE,
+    TvwTvChannelsIE,
+)
 from .tweakers import TweakersIE
 from .twentymin import TwentyMinutenIE
 from .twentythreevideo import TwentyThreeVideoIE
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py
index 8c7131b10..8f2fc4c80 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/abematv.py
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
     int_or_none,
     time_seconds,
     traverse_obj,
+    update_url,
     update_url_query,
 )
 
@@ -417,6 +418,10 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
             'is_live': is_live,
             'availability': availability,
         })
+
+        if thumbnail := update_url(self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage, default=''), query=None):
+            info['thumbnails'] = [{'url': thumbnail}]
+
         return info
 
 
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/atresplayer.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/atresplayer.py
index 0fe95bec5..1258a5704 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/atresplayer.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/atresplayer.py
@@ -1,64 +1,105 @@
+import urllib.parse
+
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..networking.exceptions import HTTPError
 from ..utils import (
     ExtractorError,
     int_or_none,
+    parse_age_limit,
+    url_or_none,
     urlencode_postdata,
 )
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 
 
 class AtresPlayerIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?atresplayer\.com/[^/]+/[^/]+/[^/]+/[^/]+/(?P<display_id>.+?)_(?P<id>[0-9a-f]{24})'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?atresplayer\.com/(?:[^/?#]+/){4}(?P<display_id>.+?)_(?P<id>[0-9a-f]{24})'
     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'atresplayer'
-    _TESTS = [
-        {
-            'url': 'https://www.atresplayer.com/antena3/series/pequenas-coincidencias/temporada-1/capitulo-7-asuntos-pendientes_5d4aa2c57ed1a88fc715a615/',
-            'info_dict': {
-                'id': '5d4aa2c57ed1a88fc715a615',
-                'ext': 'mp4',
-                'title': 'Capítulo 7: Asuntos pendientes',
-                'description': 'md5:7634cdcb4d50d5381bedf93efb537fbc',
-                'duration': 3413,
-            },
-            'skip': 'This video is only available for registered users',
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://www.atresplayer.com/lasexta/programas/el-objetivo/clips/mbappe-describe-como-entrenador-a-carlo-ancelotti-sabe-cuando-tiene-que-ser-padre-jefe-amigo-entrenador_67f2dfb2fb6ab0e4c7203849/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'id': '67f2dfb2fb6ab0e4c7203849',
+            'display_id': 'md5:c203f8d4e425ed115ba56a1c6e4b3e6c',
+            'title': 'Mbappé describe como entrenador a Carlo Ancelotti: "Sabe cuándo tiene que ser padre, jefe, amigo, entrenador..."',
+            'channel': 'laSexta',
+            'duration': 31,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://imagenes.atresplayer.com/atp/clipping/cmsimages02/2025/04/06/B02DBE1E-D59B-4683-8404-1A9595D15269/1920x1080.jpg',
+            'tags': ['Entrevista informativa', 'Actualidad', 'Debate informativo', 'Política', 'Economía', 'Sociedad', 'Cara a cara', 'Análisis', 'Más periodismo'],
+            'series': 'El Objetivo',
+            'season': 'Temporada 12',
+            'timestamp': 1743970079,
+            'upload_date': '20250406',
         },
-        {
-            'url': 'https://www.atresplayer.com/lasexta/programas/el-club-de-la-comedia/temporada-4/capitulo-10-especial-solidario-nochebuena_5ad08edf986b2855ed47adc4/',
-            'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.atresplayer.com/antena3/programas/el-hormiguero/clips/revive-la-entrevista-completa-a-miguel-bose-en-el-hormiguero_67f836baa4a5b0e4147ca59a/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'id': '67f836baa4a5b0e4147ca59a',
+            'display_id': 'revive-la-entrevista-completa-a-miguel-bose-en-el-hormiguero',
+            'title': 'Revive la entrevista completa a Miguel Bosé en El Hormiguero',
+            'description': 'md5:c6d2b591408d45a7bc2986dfb938eb72',
+            'channel': 'Antena 3',
+            'duration': 2556,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://imagenes.atresplayer.com/atp/clipping/cmsimages02/2025/04/10/9076395F-F1FD-48BE-9F18-540DBA10EBAD/1920x1080.jpg',
+            'tags': ['Entrevista', 'Variedades', 'Humor', 'Entretenimiento', 'Te sigo', 'Buen rollo', 'Cara a cara'],
+            'series': 'El Hormiguero ',
+            'season': 'Temporada 14',
+            'timestamp': 1744320111,
+            'upload_date': '20250410',
         },
-        {
-            'url': 'https://www.atresplayer.com/antena3/series/el-secreto-de-puente-viejo/el-chico-de-los-tres-lunares/capitulo-977-29-12-14_5ad51046986b2886722ccdea/',
-            'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.atresplayer.com/flooxer/series/biara-proyecto-lazarus/temporada-1/capitulo-3-supervivientes_67a6038b64ceca00070f4f69/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'id': '67a6038b64ceca00070f4f69',
+            'display_id': 'capitulo-3-supervivientes',
+            'title': 'Capítulo 3: Supervivientes',
+            'description': 'md5:65b231f20302f776c2b0dd24594599a1',
+            'channel': 'Flooxer',
+            'duration': 1196,
+            'thumbnail': 'https://imagenes.atresplayer.com/atp/clipping/cmsimages01/2025/02/14/17CF90D3-FE67-40C5-A941-7825B3E13992/1920x1080.jpg',
+            'tags': ['Juvenil', 'Terror', 'Piel de gallina', 'Te sigo', 'Un break', 'Del tirón'],
+            'series': 'BIARA: Proyecto Lázarus',
+            'season': 'Temporada 1',
+            'season_number': 1,
+            'episode': 'Episode 3',
+            'episode_number': 3,
+            'timestamp': 1743095191,
+            'upload_date': '20250327',
         },
-    ]
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.atresplayer.com/lasexta/programas/el-club-de-la-comedia/temporada-4/capitulo-10-especial-solidario-nochebuena_5ad08edf986b2855ed47adc4/',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.atresplayer.com/antena3/series/el-secreto-de-puente-viejo/el-chico-de-los-tres-lunares/capitulo-977-29-12-14_5ad51046986b2886722ccdea/',
+        'only_matching': True,
+    }]
     _API_BASE = 'https://api.atresplayer.com/'
 
     def _perform_login(self, username, password):
-        self._request_webpage(
-            self._API_BASE + 'login', None, 'Downloading login page')
-
         try:
-            target_url = self._download_json(
-                'https://account.atresmedia.com/api/login', None,
-                'Logging in', headers={
-                    'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
-                }, data=urlencode_postdata({
+            self._download_webpage(
+                'https://account.atresplayer.com/auth/v1/login', None,
+                'Logging in', 'Failed to log in', data=urlencode_postdata({
                     'username': username,
                     'password': password,
-                }))['targetUrl']
+                }))
         except ExtractorError as e:
             if isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 400:
                 raise ExtractorError('Invalid username and/or password', expected=True)
             raise
 
-        self._request_webpage(target_url, None, 'Following Target URL')
-
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         display_id, video_id = self._match_valid_url(url).groups()
 
+        metadata_url = self._download_json(
+            self._API_BASE + 'client/v1/url', video_id, 'Downloading API endpoint data',
+            query={'href': urllib.parse.urlparse(url).path})['href']
+        metadata = self._download_json(metadata_url, video_id)
+
         try:
-            episode = self._download_json(
-                self._API_BASE + 'client/v1/player/episode/' + video_id, video_id)
+            video_data = self._download_json(metadata['urlVideo'], video_id, 'Downloading video data')
         except ExtractorError as e:
             if isinstance(e.cause, HTTPError) and e.cause.status == 403:
                 error = self._parse_json(e.cause.response.read(), None)
@@ -67,37 +108,45 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
                 raise ExtractorError(error['error_description'], expected=True)
             raise
 
-        title = episode['titulo']
-
         formats = []
         subtitles = {}
-        for source in episode.get('sources', []):
-            src = source.get('src')
-            if not src:
-                continue
+        for source in traverse_obj(video_data, ('sources', lambda _, v: url_or_none(v['src']))):
+            src_url = source['src']
             src_type = source.get('type')
-            if src_type == 'application/vnd.apple.mpegurl':
-                formats, subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                    src, video_id, 'mp4', 'm3u8_native',
-                    m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
-            elif src_type == 'application/dash+xml':
-                formats, subtitles = self._extract_mpd_formats(
-                    src, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False)
-
-        heartbeat = episode.get('heartbeat') or {}
-        omniture = episode.get('omniture') or {}
-        get_meta = lambda x: heartbeat.get(x) or omniture.get(x)
+            if src_type in ('application/vnd.apple.mpegurl', 'application/hls+legacy', 'application/hls+hevc'):
+                fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(
+                    src_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
+            elif src_type in ('application/dash+xml', 'application/dash+hevc'):
+                fmts, subs = self._extract_mpd_formats_and_subtitles(
+                    src_url, video_id, mpd_id='dash', fatal=False)
+            else:
+                continue
+            formats.extend(fmts)
+            self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
 
         return {
             'display_id': display_id,
             'id': video_id,
-            'title': title,
-            'description': episode.get('descripcion'),
-            'thumbnail': episode.get('imgPoster'),
-            'duration': int_or_none(episode.get('duration')),
             'formats': formats,
-            'channel': get_meta('channel'),
-            'season': get_meta('season'),
-            'episode_number': int_or_none(get_meta('episodeNumber')),
             'subtitles': subtitles,
+            **traverse_obj(video_data, {
+                'title': ('titulo', {str}),
+                'description': ('descripcion', {str}),
+                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
+                'thumbnail': ('imgPoster', {url_or_none}, {lambda v: f'{v}1920x1080.jpg'}),
+                'age_limit': ('ageRating', {parse_age_limit}),
+            }),
+            **traverse_obj(metadata, {
+                'title': ('title', {str}),
+                'description': ('description', {str}),
+                'duration': ('duration', {int_or_none}),
+                'tags': ('tags', ..., 'title', {str}),
+                'age_limit': ('ageRating', {parse_age_limit}),
+                'series': ('format', 'title', {str}),
+                'season': ('currentSeason', 'title', {str}),
+                'season_number': ('currentSeason', 'seasonNumber', {int_or_none}),
+                'episode_number': ('numberOfEpisode', {int_or_none}),
+                'timestamp': ('publicationDate', {int_or_none(scale=1000)}),
+                'channel': ('channel', 'title', {str}),
+            }),
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/cda.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/cda.py
index 96f25c22a..aa39bf382 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/cda.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/cda.py
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ def extract_format(page, version):
 
 class CDAFolderIE(InfoExtractor):
     _MAX_PAGE_SIZE = 36
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cda\.pl/(?P<channel>\w+)/folder/(?P<id>\d+)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?cda\.pl/(?P<channel>[\w-]+)/folder/(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [
         {
             'url': 'https://www.cda.pl/domino264/folder/31188385',
@@ -378,6 +378,9 @@ class CDAFolderIE(InfoExtractor):
                 'title': 'TESTY KOSMETYKÓW',
             },
             'playlist_mincount': 139,
+        }, {
+            'url': 'https://www.cda.pl/FILMY-SERIALE-ANIME-KRESKOWKI-BAJKI/folder/18493422',
+            'only_matching': True,
         }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/linkedin.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/linkedin.py
index c8c8ae52a..d25f0fe6a 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/linkedin.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/linkedin.py
@@ -82,7 +82,10 @@ def _get_video_id(self, video_data, course_slug, video_slug):
 
 
 class LinkedInIE(LinkedInBaseIE):
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?linkedin\.com/posts/[^/?#]+-(?P<id>\d+)-\w{4}/?(?:[?#]|$)'
+    _VALID_URL = [
+        r'https?://(?:www\.)?linkedin\.com/posts/[^/?#]+-(?P<id>\d+)-\w{4}/?(?:[?#]|$)',
+        r'https?://(?:www\.)?linkedin\.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:(?P<id>\d+)',
+    ]
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://www.linkedin.com/posts/mishalkhawaja_sendinblueviews-toronto-digitalmarketing-ugcPost-6850898786781339649-mM20',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -106,6 +109,9 @@ class LinkedInIE(LinkedInBaseIE):
             'like_count': int,
             'subtitles': 'mincount:1',
         },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7016901149999955968/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/manyvids.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/manyvids.py
index 8caa8f87f..1356169bf 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/manyvids.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/manyvids.py
@@ -1,31 +1,38 @@
-import re
-
 from .common import InfoExtractor
 from ..utils import (
+    clean_html,
     determine_ext,
-    extract_attributes,
     int_or_none,
-    str_to_int,
+    join_nonempty,
+    parse_count,
+    parse_duration,
+    parse_iso8601,
     url_or_none,
-    urlencode_postdata,
 )
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 
 
 class ManyVidsIE(InfoExtractor):
-    _WORKING = False
     _VALID_URL = r'(?i)https?://(?:www\.)?manyvids\.com/video/(?P<id>\d+)'
     _TESTS = [{
         # preview video
-        'url': 'https://www.manyvids.com/Video/133957/everthing-about-me/',
-        'md5': '03f11bb21c52dd12a05be21a5c7dcc97',
+        'url': 'https://www.manyvids.com/Video/530341/mv-tips-tricks',
+        'md5': '738dc723f7735ee9602f7ea352a6d058',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': '133957',
+            'id': '530341-preview',
             'ext': 'mp4',
-            'title': 'everthing about me (Preview)',
-            'uploader': 'ellyxxix',
+            'title': 'MV Tips & Tricks (Preview)',
+            'description': r're:I will take you on a tour around .{1313}$',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://cdn5\.manyvids\.com/php_uploads/video_images/DestinyDiaz/.+\.jpg',
+            'uploader': 'DestinyDiaz',
             'view_count': int,
             'like_count': int,
+            'release_timestamp': 1508419904,
+            'tags': ['AdultSchool', 'BBW', 'SFW', 'TeacherFetish'],
+            'release_date': '20171019',
+            'duration': 3167.0,
         },
+        'expected_warnings': ['Only extracting preview'],
     }, {
         # full video
         'url': 'https://www.manyvids.com/Video/935718/MY-FACE-REVEAL/',
@@ -34,129 +41,68 @@ class ManyVidsIE(InfoExtractor):
             'id': '935718',
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': 'MY FACE REVEAL',
-            'description': 'md5:ec5901d41808b3746fed90face161612',
+            'description': r're:Today is the day!! I am finally taking off my mask .{445}$',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https://ods\.manyvids\.com/1001061960/3aa5397f2a723ec4597e344df66ab845/screenshots/.+\.jpg',
             'uploader': 'Sarah Calanthe',
             'view_count': int,
             'like_count': int,
+            'release_date': '20181110',
+            'tags': ['EyeContact', 'Interviews', 'MaskFetish', 'MouthFetish', 'Redhead'],
+            'release_timestamp': 1541851200,
+            'duration': 224.0,
         },
     }]
+    _API_BASE = 'https://www.manyvids.com/bff/store/video'
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
         video_id = self._match_id(url)
-
-        real_url = f'https://www.manyvids.com/video/{video_id}/gtm.js'
-        try:
-            webpage = self._download_webpage(real_url, video_id)
-        except Exception:
-            # probably useless fallback
-            webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
-
-        info = self._search_regex(
-            r'''(<div\b[^>]*\bid\s*=\s*(['"])pageMetaDetails\2[^>]*>)''',
-            webpage, 'meta details', default='')
-        info = extract_attributes(info)
-
-        player = self._search_regex(
-            r'''(<div\b[^>]*\bid\s*=\s*(['"])rmpPlayerStream\2[^>]*>)''',
-            webpage, 'player details', default='')
-        player = extract_attributes(player)
-
-        video_urls_and_ids = (
-            (info.get('data-meta-video'), 'video'),
-            (player.get('data-video-transcoded'), 'transcoded'),
-            (player.get('data-video-filepath'), 'filepath'),
-            (self._og_search_video_url(webpage, secure=False, default=None), 'og_video'),
-        )
-
-        def txt_or_none(s, default=None):
-            return (s.strip() or default) if isinstance(s, str) else default
-
-        uploader = txt_or_none(info.get('data-meta-author'))
-
-        def mung_title(s):
-            if uploader:
-                s = re.sub(rf'^\s*{re.escape(uploader)}\s+[|-]', '', s)
-            return txt_or_none(s)
-
-        title = (
-            mung_title(info.get('data-meta-title'))
-            or self._html_search_regex(
-                (r'<span[^>]+class=["\']item-title[^>]+>([^<]+)',
-                 r'<h2[^>]+class=["\']h2 m-0["\'][^>]*>([^<]+)'),
-                webpage, 'title', default=None)
-            or self._html_search_meta(
-                'twitter:title', webpage, 'title', fatal=True))
-
-        title = re.sub(r'\s*[|-]\s+ManyVids\s*$', '', title) or title
-
-        if any(p in webpage for p in ('preview_videos', '_preview.mp4')):
-            title += ' (Preview)'
-
-        mv_token = self._search_regex(
-            r'data-mvtoken=(["\'])(?P<value>(?:(?!\1).)+)\1', webpage,
-            'mv token', default=None, group='value')
-
-        if mv_token:
-            # Sets some cookies
-            self._download_webpage(
-                'https://www.manyvids.com/includes/ajax_repository/you_had_me_at_hello.php',
-                video_id, note='Setting format cookies', fatal=False,
-                data=urlencode_postdata({
-                    'mvtoken': mv_token,
-                    'vid': video_id,
-                }), headers={
-                    'Referer': url,
-                    'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
-                })
-
-        formats = []
-        for v_url, fmt in video_urls_and_ids:
-            v_url = url_or_none(v_url)
-            if not v_url:
+        video_data = self._download_json(f'{self._API_BASE}/{video_id}/private', video_id)['data']
+        formats, preview_only = [], True
+
+        for format_id, path in [
+            ('preview', ['teaser', 'filepath']),
+            ('transcoded', ['transcodedFilepath']),
+            ('filepath', ['filepath']),
+        ]:
+            format_url = traverse_obj(video_data, (*path, {url_or_none}))
+            if not format_url:
                 continue
-            if determine_ext(v_url) == 'm3u8':
-                formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(
-                    v_url, video_id, 'mp4', entry_protocol='m3u8_native',
-                    m3u8_id='hls'))
+            if determine_ext(format_url) == 'm3u8':
+                formats.extend(self._extract_m3u8_formats(format_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id=format_id))
             else:
                 formats.append({
-                    'url': v_url,
-                    'format_id': fmt,
+                    'url': format_url,
+                    'format_id': format_id,
+                    'preference': -10 if format_id == 'preview' else None,
+                    'quality': 10 if format_id == 'filepath' else None,
+                    'height': int_or_none(
+                        self._search_regex(r'_(\d{2,3}[02468])_', format_url, 'height', default=None)),
                 })
+            if format_id != 'preview':
+                preview_only = False
 
-        self._remove_duplicate_formats(formats)
-
-        for f in formats:
-            if f.get('height') is None:
-                f['height'] = int_or_none(
-                    self._search_regex(r'_(\d{2,3}[02468])_', f['url'], 'video height', default=None))
-            if '/preview/' in f['url']:
-                f['format_id'] = '_'.join(filter(None, (f.get('format_id'), 'preview')))
-                f['preference'] = -10
-            if 'transcoded' in f['format_id']:
-                f['preference'] = f.get('preference', -1) - 1
-
-        def get_likes():
-            likes = self._search_regex(
-                rf'''(<a\b[^>]*\bdata-id\s*=\s*(['"]){video_id}\2[^>]*>)''',
-                webpage, 'likes', default='')
-            likes = extract_attributes(likes)
-            return int_or_none(likes.get('data-likes'))
+        metadata = traverse_obj(
+            self._download_json(f'{self._API_BASE}/{video_id}', video_id, fatal=False), 'data')
+        title = traverse_obj(metadata, ('title', {clean_html}))
 
-        def get_views():
-            return str_to_int(self._html_search_regex(
-                r'''(?s)<span\b[^>]*\bclass\s*=["']views-wrapper\b[^>]+>.+?<span\b[^>]+>\s*(\d[\d,.]*)\s*</span>''',
-                webpage, 'view count', default=None))
+        if preview_only:
+            title = join_nonempty(title, '(Preview)', delim=' ')
+            video_id += '-preview'
+            self.report_warning(
+                f'Only extracting preview. Video may be paid or subscription only. {self._login_hint()}')
 
         return {
             'id': video_id,
             'title': title,
             'formats': formats,
-            'description': txt_or_none(info.get('data-meta-description')),
-            'uploader': txt_or_none(info.get('data-meta-author')),
-            'thumbnail': (
-                url_or_none(info.get('data-meta-image'))
-                or url_or_none(player.get('data-video-screenshot'))),
-            'view_count': get_views(),
-            'like_count': get_likes(),
+            **traverse_obj(metadata, {
+                'description': ('description', {clean_html}),
+                'uploader': ('model', 'displayName', {clean_html}),
+                'thumbnail': (('screenshot', 'thumbnail'), {url_or_none}, any),
+                'view_count': ('views', {parse_count}),
+                'like_count': ('likes', {parse_count}),
+                'release_timestamp': ('launchDate', {parse_iso8601}),
+                'duration': ('videoDuration', {parse_duration}),
+                'tags': ('tagList', ..., 'label', {str}, filter, all, filter),
+            }),
         }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/panopto.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/panopto.py
index 91f105519..9f307a53e 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/panopto.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/panopto.py
@@ -14,8 +14,9 @@
     int_or_none,
     parse_qs,
     srt_subtitles_timecode,
-    traverse_obj,
+    url_or_none,
 )
+from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
 
 
 class PanoptoBaseIE(InfoExtractor):
@@ -345,21 +346,16 @@ def _extract_streams_formats_and_subtitles(self, video_id, streams, **fmt_kwargs
         subtitles = {}
         for stream in streams or []:
             stream_formats = []
-            http_stream_url = stream.get('StreamHttpUrl')
-            stream_url = stream.get('StreamUrl')
-
-            if http_stream_url:
-                stream_formats.append({'url': http_stream_url})
-
-            if stream_url:
+            for stream_url in set(traverse_obj(stream, (('StreamHttpUrl', 'StreamUrl'), {url_or_none}))):
                 media_type = stream.get('ViewerMediaFileTypeName')
                 if media_type in ('hls', ):
-                    m3u8_formats, stream_subtitles = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(stream_url, video_id)
-                    stream_formats.extend(m3u8_formats)
-                    subtitles = self._merge_subtitles(subtitles, stream_subtitles)
+                    fmts, subs = self._extract_m3u8_formats_and_subtitles(stream_url, video_id, m3u8_id='hls', fatal=False)
+                    stream_formats.extend(fmts)
+                    self._merge_subtitles(subs, target=subtitles)
                 else:
                     stream_formats.append({
                         'url': stream_url,
+                        'ext': media_type,
                     })
             for fmt in stream_formats:
                 fmt.update({
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvp.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvp.py
index da3082907..416cbab3c 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvp.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvp.py
@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ def _parse_video(self, video, with_url=True):
 
 class TVPVODVideoIE(TVPVODBaseIE):
     IE_NAME = 'tvp:vod'
-    _VALID_URL = r'https?://vod\.tvp\.pl/(?P<category>[a-z\d-]+,\d+)/[a-z\d-]+(?<!-odcinki)(?:-odcinki,\d+/odcinek-\d+,S\d+E\d+)?,(?P<id>\d+)/?(?:[?#]|$)'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://vod\.tvp\.pl/(?P<category>[a-z\d-]+,\d+)/[a-z\d-]+(?<!-odcinki)(?:-odcinki,\d+/odcinek--?\d+,S-?\d+E-?\d+)?,(?P<id>\d+)/?(?:[?#]|$)'
 
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://vod.tvp.pl/dla-dzieci,24/laboratorium-alchemika-odcinki,309338/odcinek-24,S01E24,311357',
@@ -568,6 +568,9 @@ class TVPVODVideoIE(TVPVODBaseIE):
             'live_status': 'is_live',
             'thumbnail': 're:https?://.+',
         },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://vod.tvp.pl/informacje-i-publicystyka,205/konskie-2025-debata-przedwyborcza-odcinki,2028435/odcinek--1,S01E-1,2028419',
+        'only_matching': True,
     }]
 
     def _real_extract(self, url):
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvw.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvw.py
index 1c060cd7a..0ab926dbd 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/tvw.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/tvw.py
@@ -1,13 +1,21 @@
 import json
 
 from .common import InfoExtractor
-from ..utils import clean_html, remove_end, unified_timestamp, url_or_none
-from ..utils.traversal import traverse_obj
+from ..utils import (
+    clean_html,
+    extract_attributes,
+    parse_qs,
+    remove_end,
+    require,
+    unified_timestamp,
+    url_or_none,
+)
+from ..utils.traversal import find_element, traverse_obj
 
 
 class TvwIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = 'tvw'
     _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tvw\.org/video/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
-
     _TESTS = [{
         'url': 'https://tvw.org/video/billy-frank-jr-statue-maquette-unveiling-ceremony-2024011211/',
         'md5': '9ceb94fe2bb7fd726f74f16356825703',
@@ -115,3 +123,43 @@ def _real_extract(self, url):
                 'is_live': ('eventStatus', {lambda x: x == 'live'}),
             }),
         }
+
+
+class TvwTvChannelsIE(InfoExtractor):
+    IE_NAME = 'tvw:tvchannels'
+    _VALID_URL = r'https?://(?:www\.)?tvw\.org/tvchannels/(?P<id>[^/?#]+)'
+    _TESTS = [{
+        'url': 'https://tvw.org/tvchannels/air/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'air',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': r're:TVW Cable Channel Live Stream',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+\.(?:jpe?g|png)$',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+        },
+    }, {
+        'url': 'https://tvw.org/tvchannels/tvw2/',
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'tvw2',
+            'ext': 'mp4',
+            'title': r're:TVW-2 Broadcast Channel',
+            'thumbnail': r're:https?://.+/.+\.(?:jpe?g|png)$',
+            'live_status': 'is_live',
+        },
+    }]
+
+    def _real_extract(self, url):
+        video_id = self._match_id(url)
+        webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
+
+        m3u8_url = traverse_obj(webpage, (
+            {find_element(id='invintus-persistent-stream-frame', html=True)}, {extract_attributes},
+            'src', {parse_qs}, 'encoder', 0, {json.loads}, 'live247URI', {url_or_none}, {require('stream url')}))
+
+        return {
+            'id': video_id,
+            'formats': self._extract_m3u8_formats(m3u8_url, video_id, 'mp4', m3u8_id='hls', live=True),
+            'title': remove_end(self._og_search_title(webpage, default=None), ' - TVW'),
+            'thumbnail': self._og_search_thumbnail(webpage, default=None),
+            'is_live': True,
+        }
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_tab.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_tab.py
index 122300e60..c018ee8cf 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_tab.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_tab.py
@@ -524,10 +524,16 @@ def _entries(self, tab, item_id, ytcfg, delegated_session_id, visitor_data):
             response = self._extract_response(
                 item_id=f'{item_id} page {page_num}',
                 query=continuation, headers=headers, ytcfg=ytcfg,
-                check_get_keys=('continuationContents', 'onResponseReceivedActions', 'onResponseReceivedEndpoints'))
+                check_get_keys=(
+                    'continuationContents', 'onResponseReceivedActions', 'onResponseReceivedEndpoints',
+                    # Playlist recommendations may return with no data - ignore
+                    ('responseContext', 'serviceTrackingParams', ..., 'params', ..., lambda k, v: k == 'key' and v == 'GetRecommendedMusicPlaylists_rid'),
+                ))
 
             if not response:
                 break
+
+            continuation = None
             # Extracting updated visitor data is required to prevent an infinite extraction loop in some cases
             # See: https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/28702
             visitor_data = self._extract_visitor_data(response) or visitor_data
@@ -564,7 +570,13 @@ def _entries(self, tab, item_id, ytcfg, delegated_session_id, visitor_data):
                 yield from func(video_items_renderer)
                 continuation = continuation_list[0] or self._extract_continuation(video_items_renderer)
 
-            if not video_items_renderer:
+            # In the case only a continuation is returned, try to follow it.
+            # We extract this after trying to extract non-continuation items as otherwise this
+            # may be prioritized over other continuations.
+            # see: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12933
+            continuation = continuation or self._extract_continuation({'contents': [continuation_item]})
+
+            if not continuation and not video_items_renderer:
                 break
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -999,14 +1011,14 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'playlist_mincount': 94,
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
-            'title': 'Igor Kleiner Ph.D. - Playlists',
+            'title': 'Igor Kleiner  - Playlists',
             'description': 'md5:15d7dd9e333cb987907fcb0d604b233a',
-            'uploader': 'Igor Kleiner Ph.D.',
+            'uploader': 'Igor Kleiner ',
             'uploader_id': '@IgorDataScience',
             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@IgorDataScience',
-            'channel': 'Igor Kleiner Ph.D.',
+            'channel': 'Igor Kleiner ',
             'channel_id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
-            'tags': ['критическое мышление', 'наука просто', 'математика', 'анализ данных'],
+            'tags': 'count:23',
             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
             'channel_follower_count': int,
         },
@@ -1016,18 +1028,19 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'playlist_mincount': 94,
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
-            'title': 'Igor Kleiner Ph.D. - Playlists',
+            'title': 'Igor Kleiner  - Playlists',
             'description': 'md5:15d7dd9e333cb987907fcb0d604b233a',
-            'uploader': 'Igor Kleiner Ph.D.',
+            'uploader': 'Igor Kleiner ',
             'uploader_id': '@IgorDataScience',
             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@IgorDataScience',
-            'tags': ['критическое мышление', 'наука просто', 'математика', 'анализ данных'],
+            'tags': 'count:23',
             'channel_id': 'UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
-            'channel': 'Igor Kleiner Ph.D.',
+            'channel': 'Igor Kleiner ',
             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqj7Cz7revf5maW9g5pgNcg',
             'channel_follower_count': int,
         },
     }, {
+        # TODO: fix channel_is_verified extraction
         'note': 'playlists, series',
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/3blue1brown/playlists?view=50&sort=dd&shelf_id=3',
         'playlist_mincount': 5,
@@ -1066,22 +1079,23 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/ChristophLaimer/playlists',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
+        # TODO: fix availability extraction
         'note': 'basic, single video playlist',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLt5yu3-wZAlSLRHmI1qNm0wjyVNWw1pCU',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'PL4lCao7KL_QFVb7Iudeipvc2BCavECqzc',
-            'title': 'youtube-dl public playlist',
+            'id': 'PLt5yu3-wZAlSLRHmI1qNm0wjyVNWw1pCU',
+            'title': 'single video playlist',
             'description': '',
             'tags': [],
             'view_count': int,
-            'modified_date': '20201130',
-            'channel': 'Sergey M.',
-            'channel_id': 'UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
-            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
+            'modified_date': '20250417',
+            'channel': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
+            'channel_id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
             'availability': 'public',
-            'uploader': 'Sergey M.',
-            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@sergeym.6173',
-            'uploader_id': '@sergeym.6173',
+            'uploader': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@coletdjnz',
+            'uploader_id': '@coletdjnz',
         },
         'playlist_count': 1,
     }, {
@@ -1171,11 +1185,11 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 17,
     }, {
-        'note': 'Community tab',
+        'note': 'Posts tab',
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/community',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-            'title': 'lex will - Community',
+            'title': 'lex will - Posts',
             'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
             'channel': 'lex will',
             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
@@ -1188,30 +1202,14 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 18,
     }, {
-        'note': 'Channels tab',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w/channels',
-        'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-            'title': 'lex will - Channels',
-            'description': 'md5:2163c5d0ff54ed5f598d6a7e6211e488',
-            'channel': 'lex will',
-            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-            'channel_id': 'UCKfVa3S1e4PHvxWcwyMMg8w',
-            'tags': ['bible', 'history', 'prophesy'],
-            'channel_follower_count': int,
-            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@lexwill718',
-            'uploader_id': '@lexwill718',
-            'uploader': 'lex will',
-        },
-        'playlist_mincount': 12,
-    }, {
+        # TODO: fix channel_is_verified extraction
         'note': 'Search tab',
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/3blue1brown/search?query=linear%20algebra',
         'playlist_mincount': 40,
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
             'title': '3Blue1Brown - Search - linear algebra',
-            'description': 'md5:4d1da95432004b7ba840ebc895b6b4c9',
+            'description': 'md5:602e3789e6a0cb7d9d352186b720e395',
             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
             'tags': ['Mathematics'],
             'channel': '3Blue1Brown',
@@ -1232,6 +1230,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/channel/UCmlqkdCBesrv2Lak1mF_MxA',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
+        # TODO: fix availability extraction
         'note': 'Playlist with deleted videos (#651). As a bonus, the video #51 is also twice in this list.',
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwP_SiAcdui0KVebT0mU9Apz359a4ubsC',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -1294,24 +1293,25 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         },
         'playlist_mincount': 21,
     }, {
+        # TODO: fix availability extraction
         'note': 'Playlist with "show unavailable videos" button',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLYwq8WOe86_xGmR7FrcJq8Sb7VW8K3Tt2',
         'info_dict': {
-            'title': 'Uploads from Phim Siêu Nhân Nhật Bản',
-            'id': 'UUTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
+            'title': 'The Memes Of 2010s.....',
+            'id': 'PLYwq8WOe86_xGmR7FrcJq8Sb7VW8K3Tt2',
             'view_count': int,
-            'channel': 'Phim Siêu Nhân Nhật Bản',
+            'channel': "I'm Not JiNxEd",
             'tags': [],
-            'description': '',
-            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
-            'channel_id': 'UCTYLiWFZy8xtPwxFwX9rV7Q',
+            'description': 'md5:44dc3b315ba69394feaafa2f40e7b2a1',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC5H5H85D1QE5-fuWWQ1hdNg',
+            'channel_id': 'UC5H5H85D1QE5-fuWWQ1hdNg',
             'modified_date': r're:\d{8}',
             'availability': 'public',
-            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@phimsieunhannhatban',
-            'uploader_id': '@phimsieunhannhatban',
-            'uploader': 'Phim Siêu Nhân Nhật Bản',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@imnotjinxed1998',
+            'uploader_id': '@imnotjinxed1998',
+            'uploader': "I'm Not JiNxEd",
         },
-        'playlist_mincount': 200,
+        'playlist_mincount': 150,
         'expected_warnings': [r'[Uu]navailable videos (are|will be) hidden'],
     }, {
         'note': 'Playlist with unavailable videos in page 7',
@@ -1334,6 +1334,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'playlist_mincount': 1000,
         'expected_warnings': [r'[Uu]navailable videos (are|will be) hidden'],
     }, {
+        # TODO: fix availability extraction
         'note': 'https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/21844',
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLzH6n4zXuckpfMu_4Ff8E7Z1behQks5ba',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -1384,7 +1385,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
     }, {
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCoMdktPbSTixAyNGwb-UYkQ/live',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'hGkQjiJLjWQ',  # This will keep changing
+            'id': 'YDvsBbKfLPA',  # This will keep changing
             'ext': 'mp4',
             'title': str,
             'upload_date': r're:\d{8}',
@@ -1409,6 +1410,8 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             'uploader_id': '@SkyNews',
             'uploader': 'Sky News',
             'channel_is_verified': True,
+            'media_type': 'livestream',
+            'timestamp': int,
         },
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
@@ -1496,6 +1499,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/UC1a8OFewdjuLq6KlF8M_8Ng',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
+        # TODO: fix availability extraction
         'note': 'VLPL, should redirect to playlist?list=PL...',
         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/VLPLRBp0Fe2GpgmgoscNFLxNyBVSFVdYmFkq',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -1537,6 +1541,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
     }, {
         # Destination channel with only a hidden self tab (tab id is UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg)
         # Treat as a general feed
+        # TODO: fix extraction
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UCtFRv9O2AHqOZjjynzrv-xg',
@@ -1560,21 +1565,21 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'expected_warnings': ['YouTube Music is not directly supported'],
     }, {
         'note': 'unlisted single video playlist',
-        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwL24UFy54GrB3s2KMMfjZscDi1x5Dajf',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLt5yu3-wZAlQLfIN0MMgp0wVV6MP3bM4_',
         'info_dict': {
-            'id': 'PLwL24UFy54GrB3s2KMMfjZscDi1x5Dajf',
-            'title': 'yt-dlp unlisted playlist test',
+            'id': 'PLt5yu3-wZAlQLfIN0MMgp0wVV6MP3bM4_',
+            'title': 'unlisted playlist',
             'availability': 'unlisted',
             'tags': [],
-            'modified_date': '20220418',
-            'channel': 'colethedj',
+            'modified_date': '20250417',
+            'channel': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
             'view_count': int,
             'description': '',
-            'channel_id': 'UC9zHu_mHU96r19o-wV5Qs1Q',
-            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9zHu_mHU96r19o-wV5Qs1Q',
-            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@colethedj1894',
-            'uploader_id': '@colethedj1894',
-            'uploader': 'colethedj',
+            'channel_id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@coletdjnz',
+            'uploader_id': '@coletdjnz',
+            'uploader': 'cole-dlp-test-acc',
         },
         'playlist': [{
             'info_dict': {
@@ -1596,6 +1601,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'playlist_count': 1,
         'params': {'extract_flat': True},
     }, {
+        # By default, recommended is always empty.
         'note': 'API Fallback: Recommended - redirects to home page. Requires visitorData',
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/recommended',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -1603,7 +1609,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             'title': 'recommended',
             'tags': [],
         },
-        'playlist_mincount': 50,
+        'playlist_count': 0,
         'params': {
             'skip_download': True,
             'extractor_args': {'youtubetab': {'skip': ['webpage']}},
@@ -1628,6 +1634,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         },
         'skip': 'Query for sorting no longer works',
     }, {
+        # TODO: fix 'unviewable' issue with this playlist when reloading with unavailable videos
         'note': 'API Fallback: Topic, should redirect to playlist?list=UU...',
         'url': 'https://music.youtube.com/browse/UC9ALqqC4aIeG5iDs7i90Bfw',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -1654,11 +1661,12 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwVVpHQ2Cs9iGJfpdFngePQ',
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
+        # TODO: fix metadata extraction
         'note': 'collaborative playlist (uploader name in the form "by <uploader> and x other(s)")',
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLx-_-Kk4c89oOHEDQAojOXzEzemXxoqx6',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'PLx-_-Kk4c89oOHEDQAojOXzEzemXxoqx6',
-            'modified_date': '20220407',
+            'modified_date': '20250115',
             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKcqXmCcyqnhgpA5P0oHH_Q',
             'tags': [],
             'availability': 'unlisted',
@@ -1692,6 +1700,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'expected_warnings': ['Preferring "ja"'],
     }, {
         # XXX: this should really check flat playlist entries, but the test suite doesn't support that
+        # TODO: fix availability extraction
         'note': 'preferred lang set with playlist with translated video titles',
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLt5yu3-wZAlQAaPZ5Z-rJoTdbT-45Q7c0',
         'info_dict': {
@@ -1714,6 +1723,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
     }, {
         # shorts audio pivot for 2GtVksBMYFM.
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/feed/sfv_audio_pivot?bp=8gUrCikSJwoLMkd0VmtzQk1ZRk0SCzJHdFZrc0JNWUZNGgsyR3RWa3NCTVlGTQ==',
+        # TODO: fix extraction
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'sfv_audio_pivot',
             'title': 'sfv_audio_pivot',
@@ -1751,6 +1761,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'playlist_mincount': 8,
     }, {
         # Should get three playlists for videos, shorts and streams tabs
+        # TODO: fix channel_is_verified extraction
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCK9V2B22uJYu3N7eR_BT9QA',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UCK9V2B22uJYu3N7eR_BT9QA',
@@ -1758,7 +1769,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             'channel_follower_count': int,
             'channel_id': 'UCK9V2B22uJYu3N7eR_BT9QA',
             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCK9V2B22uJYu3N7eR_BT9QA',
-            'description': 'md5:49809d8bf9da539bc48ed5d1f83c33f2',
+            'description': 'md5:01e53f350ab8ad6fcf7c4fedb3c1b99f',
             'channel': 'Polka Ch. 尾丸ポルカ',
             'tags': 'count:35',
             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@OmaruPolka',
@@ -1769,14 +1780,14 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'playlist_count': 3,
     }, {
         # Shorts tab with channel with handle
-        # TODO: fix channel description
+        # TODO: fix channel_is_verified extraction
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@NotJustBikes/shorts',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UC0intLFzLaudFG-xAvUEO-A',
             'title': 'Not Just Bikes - Shorts',
             'tags': 'count:10',
             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0intLFzLaudFG-xAvUEO-A',
-            'description': 'md5:5e82545b3a041345927a92d0585df247',
+            'description': 'md5:1d9fc1bad7f13a487299d1fe1712e031',
             'channel_follower_count': int,
             'channel_id': 'UC0intLFzLaudFG-xAvUEO-A',
             'channel': 'Not Just Bikes',
@@ -1797,7 +1808,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3eYAvjCVwNHgkaGbXX3sig',
             'channel': '中村悠一',
             'channel_follower_count': int,
-            'description': 'md5:e744f6c93dafa7a03c0c6deecb157300',
+            'description': 'md5:e8fd705073a594f27d6d6d020da560dc',
             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@Yuichi-Nakamura',
             'uploader_id': '@Yuichi-Nakamura',
             'uploader': '中村悠一',
@@ -1815,6 +1826,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'only_matching': True,
     }, {
         # No videos tab but has a shorts tab
+        # TODO: fix metadata extraction
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/c/TKFShorts',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UCgJ5_1F6yJhYLnyMszUdmUg',
@@ -1851,6 +1863,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
     }, {
         # Shorts url result in shorts tab
         # TODO: Fix channel id extraction
+        # TODO: fix test suite, 208163447408c78673b08c172beafe5c310fb167 broke this test
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA/shorts',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
@@ -1879,6 +1892,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'params': {'extract_flat': True},
     }, {
         # Live video status should be extracted
+        # TODO: fix test suite, 208163447408c78673b08c172beafe5c310fb167 broke this test
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQvWX73GQygcwXOTSf_VDVg/live',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UCQvWX73GQygcwXOTSf_VDVg',
@@ -1907,6 +1921,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'playlist_mincount': 1,
     }, {
         # Channel renderer metadata. Contains number of videos on the channel
+        # TODO: channels tab removed, change this test to use another page with channel renderer
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA/channels',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UCiu-3thuViMebBjw_5nWYrA',
@@ -1940,7 +1955,9 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             },
         }],
         'params': {'extract_flat': True},
+        'skip': 'channels tab removed',
     }, {
+        # TODO: fix channel_is_verified extraction
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@3blue1brown/about',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': '@3blue1brown',
@@ -1950,7 +1967,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
             'channel_id': 'UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
             'channel': '3Blue1Brown',
             'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYO_jab_esuFRV4b17AJtAw',
-            'description': 'md5:4d1da95432004b7ba840ebc895b6b4c9',
+            'description': 'md5:602e3789e6a0cb7d9d352186b720e395',
             'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@3blue1brown',
             'uploader_id': '@3blue1brown',
             'uploader': '3Blue1Brown',
@@ -1976,6 +1993,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'playlist_count': 5,
     }, {
         # Releases tab, with rich entry playlistRenderers (same as Podcasts tab)
+        # TODO: fix channel_is_verified extraction
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@AHimitsu/releases',
         'info_dict': {
             'id': 'UCgFwu-j5-xNJml2FtTrrB3A',
@@ -2015,6 +2033,7 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
         'playlist_mincount': 100,
         'expected_warnings': [r'[Uu]navailable videos (are|will be) hidden'],
     }, {
+        # TODO: fix channel_is_verified extraction
         'note': 'Tags containing spaces',
         'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7_YxT-KID8kRbqZo7MyscQ',
         'playlist_count': 3,
@@ -2035,6 +2054,24 @@ class YoutubeTabIE(YoutubeTabBaseInfoExtractor):
                      'challenges', 'sketches', 'scary games', 'funny games', 'rage games',
                      'mark fischbach'],
         },
+    }, {
+        # https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/12933
+        'note': 'streams tab, some scheduled streams. Empty intermediate response with only continuation - must follow',
+        'url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@sbcitygov/streams',
+        'playlist_mincount': 150,
+        'info_dict': {
+            'id': 'UCH6-qfQwlUgz9SAf05jvc_w',
+            'channel': 'sbcitygov',
+            'channel_id': 'UCH6-qfQwlUgz9SAf05jvc_w',
+            'title': 'sbcitygov - Live',
+            'channel_follower_count': int,
+            'description': 'md5:ca1a92059835c071e33b3db52f4a6d67',
+            'uploader_id': '@sbcitygov',
+            'uploader_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/@sbcitygov',
+            'uploader': 'sbcitygov',
+            'channel_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCH6-qfQwlUgz9SAf05jvc_w',
+            'tags': [],
+        },
     }]
 
     @classmethod
diff --git a/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_video.py b/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_video.py
index 074a2a0d8..bcfe8b152 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_video.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/extractor/youtube/_video.py
@@ -3646,6 +3646,8 @@ def feed_entry(name):
                 if 'sign in' in reason.lower():
                     reason = remove_end(reason, 'This helps protect our community. Learn more')
                     reason = f'{remove_end(reason.strip(), ".")}. {self._youtube_login_hint}'
+                elif get_first(playability_statuses, ('errorScreen', 'playerCaptchaViewModel', {dict})):
+                    reason += '. YouTube is requiring a captcha challenge before playback'
                 self.raise_no_formats(reason, expected=True)
 
         keywords = get_first(video_details, 'keywords', expected_type=list) or []
@@ -3874,7 +3876,7 @@ def process_language(container, base_url, lang_code, sub_name, query):
             if not traverse_obj(initial_data, 'contents'):
                 self.report_warning('Incomplete data received in embedded initial data; re-fetching using API.')
                 initial_data = None
-        if not initial_data:
+        if not initial_data and 'initial_data' not in self._configuration_arg('player_skip'):
             query = {'videoId': video_id}
             query.update(self._get_checkok_params())
             initial_data = self._extract_response(
diff --git a/yt_dlp/networking/__init__.py b/yt_dlp/networking/__init__.py
index 1eaa0ee5f..39158a8cc 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/networking/__init__.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/networking/__init__.py
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 from .common import (
     HEADRequest,
+    PATCHRequest,
     PUTRequest,
     Request,
     RequestDirector,
diff --git a/yt_dlp/networking/common.py b/yt_dlp/networking/common.py
index ddceaa9a9..e33769422 100644
--- a/yt_dlp/networking/common.py
+++ b/yt_dlp/networking/common.py
@@ -505,6 +505,7 @@ def copy(self):
 
 
 HEADRequest = functools.partial(Request, method='HEAD')
+PATCHRequest = functools.partial(Request, method='PATCH')
 PUTRequest = functools.partial(Request, method='PUT')
 
 


Test patch:
diff --git a/test/helper.py b/test/helper.py
index 4169af799..e4cb478e2 100644
--- a/test/helper.py
+++ b/test/helper.py
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ def _iter_differences(got, expected, field):
             return
 
         if op == 'startswith':
-            if not val.startswith(got):
+            if not got.startswith(val):
                 yield field, f'should start with {val!r}, got {got!r}'
             return
 
diff --git a/test/test_networking.py b/test/test_networking.py
index 3ab60fe83..2f441fced 100644
--- a/test/test_networking.py
+++ b/test/test_networking.py
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 from yt_dlp.dependencies import brotli, curl_cffi, requests, urllib3
 from yt_dlp.networking import (
     HEADRequest,
+    PATCHRequest,
     PUTRequest,
     Request,
     RequestDirector,
@@ -1856,6 +1857,7 @@ def test_method(self):
 
     def test_request_helpers(self):
         assert HEADRequest('http://example.com').method == 'HEAD'
+        assert PATCHRequest('http://example.com').method == 'PATCH'
         assert PUTRequest('http://example.com').method == 'PUT'
 
     def test_headers(self):