Repository: gin-gonic/gin
Pull request #2749 (2021-06-08 11:58:11)

feat: add StaticFileFS
I was miising feature of Serving file form http.FileSystem
there has StaticFile,Static,StaticFS method, since go1.16 embed feature, I am not find how to get a file from embed fs. follow is my want
```
//go:embed mypic.png
var pic embed.FS

func main() {
	r := gin.Default()
        r.StaticFileFS("/alias_pic.png", "mypic.png", http.FS(pic))
        
	err := r.Run(":9000")
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}
```
Use cases:
    - Serve file by alias  from `http.FileSystem`


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```diff
@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master    #2749   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   98.69%   98.70%           
=======================================
  Files          41       41           
  Lines        2072     2079    +7     
=======================================
+ Hits         2045     2052    +7     
  Misses         15       15           
  Partials       12       12           
```


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|---|---|---|
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------

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Patch:
diff --git a/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md b/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
index e86bc98..96e70bb 100644
--- a/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
+++ b/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 - With pull requests:
   - Open your pull request against `master`
   - Your pull request should have no more than two commits, if not you should squash them.
-  - It should pass all tests in the available continuous integration systems such as TravisCI.
+  - It should pass all tests in the available continuous integration systems such as GitHub Actions.
   - You should add/modify tests to cover your proposed code changes.
   - If your pull request contains a new feature, please document it on the README.
 
diff --git a/.github/dependabot.yml b/.github/dependabot.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..632e8eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/dependabot.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+version: 2
+updates:
+  - package-ecosystem: github-actions
+    directory: /
+    schedule:
+      interval: weekly
+  - package-ecosystem: gomod
+    directory: /
+    schedule:
+      interval: weekly
diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4cbc455
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# For most projects, this workflow file will not need changing; you simply need
+# to commit it to your repository.
+#
+# You may wish to alter this file to override the set of languages analyzed,
+# or to provide custom queries or build logic.
+name: "CodeQL"
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ master ]
+  pull_request:
+    # The branches below must be a subset of the branches above
+    branches: [ master ]
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '0 17 * * 5'
+
+jobs:
+  analyze:
+    name: Analyze
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    permissions:
+      # required for all workflows
+      security-events: write
+
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        # Override automatic language detection by changing the below list
+        # Supported options are ['csharp', 'cpp', 'go', 'java', 'javascript', 'python']
+        # TODO: Enable for javascript later
+        language: [ 'go']
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+
+      # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
+      - name: Initialize CodeQL
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@v1
+        with:
+          languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
+          # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
+          # By default, queries listed here will override any specified in a config file.
+          # Prefix the list here with "+" to use these queries and those in the config file.
+          # queries: ./path/to/local/query, your-org/your-repo/queries@main
+
+      - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v1
diff --git a/.github/workflows/gin.yml b/.github/workflows/gin.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b818a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/gin.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+name: Run Tests
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - master
+
+jobs:
+  lint:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Setup go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v2
+        with:
+          go-version: '^1.16'
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: Setup golangci-lint
+        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v2
+        with:
+          version: v1.44.0
+          args: --verbose
+  test:
+    needs: lint
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
+        go: [1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 1.17]
+        test-tags: ['', nomsgpack]
+        include:
+          - os: ubuntu-latest
+            go-build: ~/.cache/go-build
+          - os: macos-latest
+            go-build: ~/Library/Caches/go-build
+    name: ${{ matrix.os }} @ Go ${{ matrix.go }} ${{ matrix.test-tags }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    env:
+      GO111MODULE: on
+      TESTTAGS: ${{ matrix.test-tags }}
+      GOPROXY: https://proxy.golang.org
+    steps:
+      - name: Set up Go ${{ matrix.go }}
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v2
+        with:
+          go-version: ${{ matrix.go }}
+
+      - name: Checkout Code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ github.ref }}
+          
+      - uses: actions/cache@v2
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ${{ matrix.go-build }}
+            ~/go/pkg/mod
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-go-
+
+      - name: Run Tests
+        run: make test
+
+      - name: Upload coverage to Codecov
+        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v2
+        with:
+          flags: ${{ matrix.os }},go-${{ matrix.go }},${{ matrix.test-tags }}
+  notification-gitter:
+    needs: test
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Notification failure message
+        if: failure()
+        run: |
+          PR_OR_COMPARE="$(if [ "${{ github.event.pull_request }}" != "" ]; then echo "${{ github.event.pull_request.html_url }}"; else echo "${{ github.event.compare }}"; fi)"
+          curl -d message="GitHub Actions [$GITHUB_REPOSITORY]($PR_OR_COMPARE) ($GITHUB_REF) [normal]($GITHUB_API_URL/$GITHUB_REPOSITORY/actions/runs/$GITHUB_RUN_ID) ($GITHUB_RUN_NUMBER)" -d level=error https://webhooks.gitter.im/e/7f95bf605c4d356372f4
+      - name: Notification success message
+        if: success()
+        run: |
+          PR_OR_COMPARE="$(if [ "${{ github.event.pull_request }}" != "" ]; then echo "${{ github.event.pull_request.html_url }}"; else echo "${{ github.event.compare }}"; fi)"
+          curl -d message="GitHub Actions [$GITHUB_REPOSITORY]($PR_OR_COMPARE) ($GITHUB_REF) [normal]($GITHUB_API_URL/$GITHUB_REPOSITORY/actions/runs/$GITHUB_RUN_ID) ($GITHUB_RUN_NUMBER)" https://webhooks.gitter.im/e/7f95bf605c4d356372f4
diff --git a/.golangci.yml b/.golangci.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5e1de3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.golangci.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+run:
+  timeout: 5m
+linters:
+  enable:
+    - asciicheck
+    - depguard
+    - dogsled
+    - durationcheck
+    - errcheck
+    - errorlint
+    - exportloopref
+    - gci
+    - gofmt
+    - goimports
+    - gosec
+    - misspell
+    - nakedret
+    - nilerr
+    - nolintlint
+    - revive
+    - wastedassign
+issues:
+  exclude-rules:
+    - linters:
+        - structcheck
+        - unused
+      text: "`data` is unused"
+    - linters:
+        - staticcheck
+      text: "SA1019:"
+    - linters:
+        - revive
+      text: "var-naming:"
+    - linters:
+        - revive
+      text: "exported:"
+    - path: _test\.go
+      linters:
+        - gosec # security is not make sense in tests
diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 8166231..0000000
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-language: go
-
-matrix:
-  fast_finish: true
-  include:
-  - go: 1.13.x
-  - go: 1.13.x
-    env:
-      - TESTTAGS=nomsgpack
-  - go: 1.14.x
-  - go: 1.14.x
-    env:
-      - TESTTAGS=nomsgpack
-  - go: 1.15.x
-  - go: 1.15.x
-    env:
-      - TESTTAGS=nomsgpack
-  - go: 1.16.x
-  - go: 1.16.x
-    env:
-      - TESTTAGS=nomsgpack
-  - go: master
-
-git:
-  depth: 10
-
-before_install:
-  - if [[ "${GO111MODULE}" = "on" ]]; then mkdir "${HOME}/go"; export GOPATH="${HOME}/go"; fi
-
-install:
-  - if [[ "${GO111MODULE}" = "on" ]]; then go mod download; fi
-  - if [[ "${GO111MODULE}" = "on" ]]; then export PATH="${GOPATH}/bin:${GOROOT}/bin:${PATH}"; fi
-  - if [[ "${GO111MODULE}" = "on" ]]; then make tools; fi
-
-go_import_path: github.com/gin-gonic/gin
-
-script:
-  - make vet
-  - make fmt-check
-  - make misspell-check
-  - make test
-
-after_success:
-  - bash <(curl -s https://codecov.io/bash)
-
-notifications:
-  webhooks:
-    urls:
-      - https://webhooks.gitter.im/e/7f95bf605c4d356372f4
-    on_success: change  # options: [always|never|change] default: always
-    on_failure: always  # options: [always|never|change] default: always
-    on_start: false     # default: false
diff --git a/AUTHORS.md b/AUTHORS.md
index c634e6b..533204e 100644
--- a/AUTHORS.md
+++ b/AUTHORS.md
@@ -109,6 +109,11 @@ People and companies, who have contributed, in alphabetical order.
 - Fix typo in comment
 
 
+**@jincheng9 (Jincheng Zhang)**
+- ★ support TSR when wildcard follows named param
+- Fix errors and typos in comments
+
+
 **@joiggama (Ignacio Galindo)**
 - Add utf-8 charset header on renders
 
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index a28edc8..4c806a5 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,5 +1,41 @@
 # Gin ChangeLog
 
+## Gin v1.7.7
+
+### BUGFIXES
+
+* Fixed X-Forwarded-For unsafe handling of CVE-2020-28483 [#2844](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/pull/2844), closed issue [#2862](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/issues/2862).
+* Tree: updated the code logic for `latestNode` [#2897](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/pull/2897), closed issue [#2894](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/issues/2894) [#2878](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/issues/2878).
+* Tree: fixed the misplacement of adding slashes [#2847](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/pull/2847), closed issue [#2843](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/issues/2843).
+* Tree: fixed tsr with mixed static and wildcard paths [#2924](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/pull/2924), closed issue [#2918](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/issues/2918).
+
+### ENHANCEMENTS
+
+* TrustedProxies: make it backward-compatible [#2887](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/pull/2887), closed issue [#2819](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/issues/2819).
+* TrustedPlatform: provide custom options for another CDN services [#2906](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/pull/2906).
+
+### DOCS
+
+* NoMethod: added usage annotation ([#2832](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/pull/2832#issuecomment-929954463)).
+
+## Gin v1.7.6
+
+### BUGFIXES
+
+* bump new release to fix v1.7.5 release error by using v1.7.4 codes.
+
+## Gin v1.7.4
+
+### BUGFIXES
+
+* bump new release to fix checksum mismatch
+
+## Gin v1.7.3
+
+### BUGFIXES
+
+* fix level 1 router match [#2767](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/issues/2767), [#2796](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/issues/2796)
+
 ## Gin v1.7.2
 
 ### BUGFIXES
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
index 97daa80..d1c723c 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -8,6 +8,6 @@
 - With pull requests:
   - Open your pull request against `master`
   - Your pull request should have no more than two commits, if not you should squash them.
-  - It should pass all tests in the available continuous integration systems such as TravisCI.
+  - It should pass all tests in the available continuous integration systems such as GitHub Actions.
   - You should add/modify tests to cover your proposed code changes.
   - If your pull request contains a new feature, please document it on the README.
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 1a99193..5d55b44 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 GO ?= go
 GOFMT ?= gofmt "-s"
+GO_VERSION=$(shell $(GO) version | cut -c 14- | cut -d' ' -f1 | cut -d'.' -f2)
 PACKAGES ?= $(shell $(GO) list ./...)
 VETPACKAGES ?= $(shell $(GO) list ./... | grep -v /examples/)
 GOFILES := $(shell find . -name "*.go")
@@ -67,5 +68,10 @@ misspell:
 
 .PHONY: tools
 tools:
-	go install golang.org/x/lint/golint; \
-	go install github.com/client9/misspell/cmd/misspell;
+	@if [ $(GO_VERSION) -gt 15 ]; then \
+		$(GO) install golang.org/x/lint/golint@latest; \
+		$(GO) install github.com/client9/misspell/cmd/misspell@latest; \
+	elif [ $(GO_VERSION) -lt 16 ]; then \
+		$(GO) install golang.org/x/lint/golint; \
+		$(GO) install github.com/client9/misspell/cmd/misspell; \
+	fi
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 38c6748..4b4d236 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 <img align="right" width="159px" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gin-gonic/logo/master/color.png">
 
-[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/gin-gonic/gin.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/gin-gonic/gin)
+[![Build Status](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/workflows/Run%20Tests/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/actions?query=branch%3Amaster)
 [![codecov](https://codecov.io/gh/gin-gonic/gin/branch/master/graph/badge.svg)](https://codecov.io/gh/gin-gonic/gin)
 [![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/gin-gonic/gin)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/gin-gonic/gin)
 [![GoDoc](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/github.com/gin-gonic/gin?status.svg)](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/gin-gonic/gin?tab=doc)
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ Gin is a web framework written in Go (Golang). It features a martini-like API wi
     - [http2 server push](#http2-server-push)
     - [Define format for the log of routes](#define-format-for-the-log-of-routes)
     - [Set and get a cookie](#set-and-get-a-cookie)
+  - [Don't trust all proxies](#dont-trust-all-proxies)
   - [Testing](#testing)
   - [Users](#users)
 
@@ -256,14 +257,15 @@ func main() {
 
 	// For each matched request Context will hold the route definition
 	router.POST("/user/:name/*action", func(c *gin.Context) {
-		c.FullPath() == "/user/:name/*action" // true
+		b := c.FullPath() == "/user/:name/*action" // true
+		c.String(http.StatusOK, "%t", b)
 	})
 
 	// This handler will add a new router for /user/groups.
 	// Exact routes are resolved before param routes, regardless of the order they were defined.
 	// Routes starting with /user/groups are never interpreted as /user/:name/... routes
 	router.GET("/user/groups", func(c *gin.Context) {
-		c.String(http.StatusOK, "The available groups are [...]", name)
+		c.String(http.StatusOK, "The available groups are [...]")
 	})
 
 	router.Run(":8080")
@@ -382,7 +384,7 @@ func main() {
 	// Set a lower memory limit for multipart forms (default is 32 MiB)
 	router.MaxMultipartMemory = 8 << 20  // 8 MiB
 	router.POST("/upload", func(c *gin.Context) {
-		// single file
+		// Single file
 		file, _ := c.FormFile("file")
 		log.Println(file.Filename)
 
@@ -511,6 +513,7 @@ func main() {
 
 		// nested group
 		testing := authorized.Group("testing")
+		// visit 0.0.0.0:8080/testing/analytics
 		testing.GET("/analytics", analyticsEndpoint)
 	}
 
@@ -904,7 +907,7 @@ func startPage(c *gin.Context) {
 	var person Person
 	// If `GET`, only `Form` binding engine (`query`) used.
 	// If `POST`, first checks the `content-type` for `JSON` or `XML`, then uses `Form` (`form-data`).
-	// See more at https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/blob/master/binding/binding.go#L48
+	// See more at https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/blob/master/binding/binding.go#L88
         if c.ShouldBind(&person) == nil {
                 log.Println(person.Name)
                 log.Println(person.Address)
@@ -1241,7 +1244,8 @@ func main() {
 	router.Static("/assets", "./assets")
 	router.StaticFS("/more_static", http.Dir("my_file_system"))
 	router.StaticFile("/favicon.ico", "./resources/favicon.ico")
-
+	router.StaticFileFS("/more_favicon.ico", "more_favicon.ico", http.Dir("my_file_system"))
+	
 	// Listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080
 	router.Run(":8080")
 }
@@ -1826,7 +1830,7 @@ func main() {
 	quit := make(chan os.Signal)
 	// kill (no param) default send syscall.SIGTERM
 	// kill -2 is syscall.SIGINT
-	// kill -9 is syscall.SIGKILL but can't be catch, so don't need add it
+	// kill -9 is syscall.SIGKILL but can't be caught, so don't need to add it
 	signal.Notify(quit, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
 	<-quit
 	log.Println("Shutting down server...")
@@ -1999,7 +2003,7 @@ func SomeHandler(c *gin.Context) {
   objA := formA{}
   objB := formB{}
   // This reads c.Request.Body and stores the result into the context.
-  if errA := c.ShouldBindBodyWith(&objA, binding.JSON); errA == nil {
+  if errA := c.ShouldBindBodyWith(&objA, binding.Form); errA == nil {
     c.String(http.StatusOK, `the body should be formA`)
   // At this time, it reuses body stored in the context.
   } else if errB := c.ShouldBindBodyWith(&objB, binding.JSON); errB == nil {
@@ -2021,6 +2025,61 @@ enough to call binding at once.
 can be called by `c.ShouldBind()` multiple times without any damage to
 performance (See [#1341](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/pull/1341)).
 
+### Bind form-data request with custom struct and custom tag
+
+```go
+const (
+	customerTag = "url"
+	defaultMemory = 32 << 20
+)
+
+type customerBinding struct {}
+
+func (customerBinding) Name() string {
+	return "form"
+}
+
+func (customerBinding) Bind(req *http.Request, obj interface{}) error {
+	if err := req.ParseForm(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := req.ParseMultipartForm(defaultMemory); err != nil {
+		if err != http.ErrNotMultipart {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if err := binding.MapFormWithTag(obj, req.Form, customerTag); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return validate(obj)
+}
+
+func validate(obj interface{}) error {
+	if binding.Validator == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return binding.Validator.ValidateStruct(obj)
+}
+
+// Now we can do this!!!
+// FormA is a external type that we can't modify it's tag
+type FormA struct {
+	FieldA string `url:"field_a"`
+}
+
+func ListHandler(s *Service) func(ctx *gin.Context) {
+	return func(ctx *gin.Context) {
+		var urlBinding = customerBinding{}
+		var opt FormA
+		err := ctx.MustBindWith(&opt, urlBinding)
+		if err != nil {
+			...
+		}
+		...
+	}
+}
+```
+
 ### http2 server push
 
 http.Pusher is supported only **go1.8+**. See the [golang blog](https://blog.golang.org/h2push) for detail information.
@@ -2146,11 +2205,17 @@ Gin lets you specify which headers to hold the real client IP (if any),
 as well as specifying which proxies (or direct clients) you trust to
 specify one of these headers.
 
-The `TrustedProxies` slice on your `gin.Engine` specifes network addresses or
-network CIDRs from where clients which their request headers related to client
+Use function `SetTrustedProxies()` on your `gin.Engine` to specify network addresses
+or network CIDRs from where clients which their request headers related to client
 IP can be trusted. They can be IPv4 addresses, IPv4 CIDRs, IPv6 addresses or
 IPv6 CIDRs.
 
+**Attention:** Gin trust all proxies by default if you don't specify a trusted 
+proxy using the function above, **this is NOT safe**. At the same time, if you don't
+use any proxy, you can disable this feature by using `Engine.SetTrustedProxies(nil)`,
+then `Context.ClientIP()` will return the remote address directly to avoid some
+unnecessary computation.
+
 ```go
 import (
 	"fmt"
@@ -2161,7 +2226,7 @@ import (
 func main() {
 
 	router := gin.Default()
-	router.TrustedProxies = []string{"192.168.1.2"}
+	router.SetTrustedProxies([]string{"192.168.1.2"})
 
 	router.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
 		// If the client is 192.168.1.2, use the X-Forwarded-For
@@ -2174,6 +2239,34 @@ func main() {
 }
 ```
 
+**Notice:** If you are using a CDN service, you can set the `Engine.TrustedPlatform`
+to skip TrustedProxies check, it has a higher priority than TrustedProxies. 
+Look at the example below:
+```go
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+)
+
+func main() {
+
+	router := gin.Default()
+	// Use predefined header gin.PlatformXXX
+	router.TrustedPlatform = gin.PlatformGoogleAppEngine
+	// Or set your own trusted request header for another trusted proxy service
+	// Don't set it to any suspect request header, it's unsafe
+	router.TrustedPlatform = "X-CDN-IP"
+
+	router.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
+		// If you set TrustedPlatform, ClientIP() will resolve the
+		// corresponding header and return IP directly
+		fmt.Printf("ClientIP: %s\n", c.ClientIP())
+	})
+	router.Run()
+}
+```
+
 ## Testing
 
 The `net/http/httptest` package is preferable way for HTTP testing.
diff --git a/binding/binding.go b/binding/binding.go
index 5caeb58..0414a34 100644
--- a/binding/binding.go
+++ b/binding/binding.go
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ type BindingBody interface {
 }
 
 // BindingUri adds BindUri method to Binding. BindUri is similar with Bind,
-// but it read the Params.
+// but it reads the Params.
 type BindingUri interface {
 	Name() string
 	BindUri(map[string][]string, interface{}) error
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ type BindingUri interface {
 // StructValidator is the minimal interface which needs to be implemented in
 // order for it to be used as the validator engine for ensuring the correctness
 // of the request. Gin provides a default implementation for this using
-// https://github.com/go-playground/validator/tree/v8.18.2.
+// https://github.com/go-playground/validator/tree/v10.6.1.
 type StructValidator interface {
 	// ValidateStruct can receive any kind of type and it should never panic, even if the configuration is not right.
 	// If the received type is a slice|array, the validation should be performed travel on every element.
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ type StructValidator interface {
 }
 
 // Validator is the default validator which implements the StructValidator
-// interface. It uses https://github.com/go-playground/validator/tree/v8.18.2
+// interface. It uses https://github.com/go-playground/validator/tree/v10.6.1
 // under the hood.
 var Validator StructValidator = &defaultValidator{}
 
diff --git a/binding/binding_nomsgpack.go b/binding/binding_nomsgpack.go
index 9afa3dc..f0b667b 100644
--- a/binding/binding_nomsgpack.go
+++ b/binding/binding_nomsgpack.go
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ type BindingBody interface {
 }
 
 // BindingUri adds BindUri method to Binding. BindUri is similar with Bind,
-// but it read the Params.
+// but it reads the Params.
 type BindingUri interface {
 	Name() string
 	BindUri(map[string][]string, interface{}) error
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ type BindingUri interface {
 // StructValidator is the minimal interface which needs to be implemented in
 // order for it to be used as the validator engine for ensuring the correctness
 // of the request. Gin provides a default implementation for this using
-// https://github.com/go-playground/validator/tree/v8.18.2.
+// https://github.com/go-playground/validator/tree/v10.6.1.
 type StructValidator interface {
 	// ValidateStruct can receive any kind of type and it should never panic, even if the configuration is not right.
 	// If the received type is not a struct, any validation should be skipped and nil must be returned.
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ type StructValidator interface {
 }
 
 // Validator is the default validator which implements the StructValidator
-// interface. It uses https://github.com/go-playground/validator/tree/v8.18.2
+// interface. It uses https://github.com/go-playground/validator/tree/v10.6.1
 // under the hood.
 var Validator StructValidator = &defaultValidator{}
 
diff --git a/binding/default_validator.go b/binding/default_validator.go
index ee69329..bd8764b 100644
--- a/binding/default_validator.go
+++ b/binding/default_validator.go
@@ -18,17 +18,29 @@ type defaultValidator struct {
 	validate *validator.Validate
 }
 
-type sliceValidateError []error
+type SliceValidationError []error
 
-func (err sliceValidateError) Error() string {
-	var errMsgs []string
-	for i, e := range err {
-		if e == nil {
-			continue
+// Error concatenates all error elements in SliceValidationError into a single string separated by \n.
+func (err SliceValidationError) Error() string {
+	n := len(err)
+	switch n {
+	case 0:
+		return ""
+	default:
+		var b strings.Builder
+		if err[0] != nil {
+			fmt.Fprintf(&b, "[%d]: %s", 0, err[0].Error())
+		}
+		if n > 1 {
+			for i := 1; i < n; i++ {
+				if err[i] != nil {
+					b.WriteString("\n")
+					fmt.Fprintf(&b, "[%d]: %s", i, err[i].Error())
+				}
+			}
 		}
-		errMsgs = append(errMsgs, fmt.Sprintf("[%d]: %s", i, e.Error()))
+		return b.String()
 	}
-	return strings.Join(errMsgs, "\n")
 }
 
 var _ StructValidator = &defaultValidator{}
@@ -47,7 +59,7 @@ func (v *defaultValidator) ValidateStruct(obj interface{}) error {
 		return v.validateStruct(obj)
 	case reflect.Slice, reflect.Array:
 		count := value.Len()
-		validateRet := make(sliceValidateError, 0)
+		validateRet := make(SliceValidationError, 0)
 		for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
 			if err := v.ValidateStruct(value.Index(i).Interface()); err != nil {
 				validateRet = append(validateRet, err)
diff --git a/binding/form.go b/binding/form.go
index 040af9e..fa2a654 100644
--- a/binding/form.go
+++ b/binding/form.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 package binding
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"net/http"
 )
 
@@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ func (formBinding) Bind(req *http.Request, obj interface{}) error {
 	if err := req.ParseForm(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	if err := req.ParseMultipartForm(defaultMemory); err != nil && err != http.ErrNotMultipart {
+	if err := req.ParseMultipartForm(defaultMemory); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, http.ErrNotMultipart) {
 		return err
 	}
 	if err := mapForm(obj, req.Form); err != nil {
diff --git a/binding/form_mapping.go b/binding/form_mapping.go
index 421c0f7..fa7ad1b 100644
--- a/binding/form_mapping.go
+++ b/binding/form_mapping.go
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ var (
 	ErrConvertToMapString = errors.New("can not convert to map of strings")
 )
 
-func mapUri(ptr interface{}, m map[string][]string) error {
+func mapURI(ptr interface{}, m map[string][]string) error {
 	return mapFormByTag(ptr, m, "uri")
 }
 
@@ -34,6 +34,10 @@ func mapForm(ptr interface{}, form map[string][]string) error {
 	return mapFormByTag(ptr, form, "form")
 }
 
+func MapFormWithTag(ptr interface{}, form map[string][]string, tag string) error {
+	return mapFormByTag(ptr, form, tag)
+}
+
 var emptyField = reflect.StructField{}
 
 func mapFormByTag(ptr interface{}, form map[string][]string, tag string) error {
@@ -57,7 +61,7 @@ func mapFormByTag(ptr interface{}, form map[string][]string, tag string) error {
 
 // setter tries to set value on a walking by fields of a struct
 type setter interface {
-	TrySet(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, key string, opt setOptions) (isSetted bool, err error)
+	TrySet(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, key string, opt setOptions) (isSet bool, err error)
 }
 
 type formSource map[string][]string
@@ -65,7 +69,7 @@ type formSource map[string][]string
 var _ setter = formSource(nil)
 
 // TrySet tries to set a value by request's form source (like map[string][]string)
-func (form formSource) TrySet(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, tagValue string, opt setOptions) (isSetted bool, err error) {
+func (form formSource) TrySet(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, tagValue string, opt setOptions) (isSet bool, err error) {
 	return setByForm(value, field, form, tagValue, opt)
 }
 
@@ -79,7 +83,7 @@ func mapping(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, setter setter, tag
 		return false, nil
 	}
 
-	var vKind = value.Kind()
+	vKind := value.Kind()
 
 	if vKind == reflect.Ptr {
 		var isNew bool
@@ -88,14 +92,14 @@ func mapping(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, setter setter, tag
 			isNew = true
 			vPtr = reflect.New(value.Type().Elem())
 		}
-		isSetted, err := mapping(vPtr.Elem(), field, setter, tag)
+		isSet, err := mapping(vPtr.Elem(), field, setter, tag)
 		if err != nil {
 			return false, err
 		}
-		if isNew && isSetted {
+		if isNew && isSet {
 			value.Set(vPtr)
 		}
-		return isSetted, nil
+		return isSet, nil
 	}
 
 	if vKind != reflect.Struct || !field.Anonymous {
@@ -111,7 +115,7 @@ func mapping(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, setter setter, tag
 	if vKind == reflect.Struct {
 		tValue := value.Type()
 
-		var isSetted bool
+		var isSet bool
 		for i := 0; i < value.NumField(); i++ {
 			sf := tValue.Field(i)
 			if sf.PkgPath != "" && !sf.Anonymous { // unexported
@@ -121,9 +125,9 @@ func mapping(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, setter setter, tag
 			if err != nil {
 				return false, err
 			}
-			isSetted = isSetted || ok
+			isSet = isSet || ok
 		}
-		return isSetted, nil
+		return isSet, nil
 	}
 	return false, nil
 }
@@ -160,7 +164,7 @@ func tryToSetValue(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, setter setter
 	return setter.TrySet(value, field, tagValue, setOpt)
 }
 
-func setByForm(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, form map[string][]string, tagValue string, opt setOptions) (isSetted bool, err error) {
+func setByForm(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, form map[string][]string, tagValue string, opt setOptions) (isSet bool, err error) {
 	vs, ok := form[tagValue]
 	if !ok && !opt.isDefaultExists {
 		return false, nil
@@ -206,7 +210,7 @@ func setWithProperType(val string, value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructFiel
 	case reflect.Int64:
 		switch value.Interface().(type) {
 		case time.Duration:
-			return setTimeDuration(val, value, field)
+			return setTimeDuration(val, value)
 		}
 		return setIntField(val, 64, value)
 	case reflect.Uint:
@@ -306,7 +310,6 @@ func setTimeField(val string, structField reflect.StructField, value reflect.Val
 		t := time.Unix(tv/int64(d), tv%int64(d))
 		value.Set(reflect.ValueOf(t))
 		return nil
-
 	}
 
 	if val == "" {
@@ -356,7 +359,7 @@ func setSlice(vals []string, value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField) err
 	return nil
 }
 
-func setTimeDuration(val string, value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField) error {
+func setTimeDuration(val string, value reflect.Value) error {
 	d, err := time.ParseDuration(val)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
diff --git a/binding/multipart_form_mapping.go b/binding/multipart_form_mapping.go
index 69c0a54..c4d7ed7 100644
--- a/binding/multipart_form_mapping.go
+++ b/binding/multipart_form_mapping.go
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ func (r *multipartRequest) TrySet(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField
 	return setByForm(value, field, r.MultipartForm.Value, key, opt)
 }
 
-func setByMultipartFormFile(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, files []*multipart.FileHeader) (isSetted bool, err error) {
+func setByMultipartFormFile(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, files []*multipart.FileHeader) (isSet bool, err error) {
 	switch value.Kind() {
 	case reflect.Ptr:
 		switch value.Interface().(type) {
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ func setByMultipartFormFile(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, file
 		}
 	case reflect.Slice:
 		slice := reflect.MakeSlice(value.Type(), len(files), len(files))
-		isSetted, err = setArrayOfMultipartFormFiles(slice, field, files)
-		if err != nil || !isSetted {
-			return isSetted, err
+		isSet, err = setArrayOfMultipartFormFiles(slice, field, files)
+		if err != nil || !isSet {
+			return isSet, err
 		}
 		value.Set(slice)
 		return true, nil
@@ -60,14 +60,14 @@ func setByMultipartFormFile(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, file
 	return false, ErrMultiFileHeader
 }
 
-func setArrayOfMultipartFormFiles(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, files []*multipart.FileHeader) (isSetted bool, err error) {
+func setArrayOfMultipartFormFiles(value reflect.Value, field reflect.StructField, files []*multipart.FileHeader) (isSet bool, err error) {
 	if value.Len() != len(files) {
 		return false, ErrMultiFileHeaderLenInvalid
 	}
 	for i := range files {
-		setted, err := setByMultipartFormFile(value.Index(i), field, files[i:i+1])
-		if err != nil || !setted {
-			return setted, err
+		set, err := setByMultipartFormFile(value.Index(i), field, files[i:i+1])
+		if err != nil || !set {
+			return set, err
 		}
 	}
 	return true, nil
diff --git a/binding/protobuf.go b/binding/protobuf.go
index f9ece92..a4e4715 100644
--- a/binding/protobuf.go
+++ b/binding/protobuf.go
@@ -5,10 +5,11 @@
 package binding
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"net/http"
 
-	"github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )
 
 type protobufBinding struct{}
@@ -26,7 +27,11 @@ func (b protobufBinding) Bind(req *http.Request, obj interface{}) error {
 }
 
 func (protobufBinding) BindBody(body []byte, obj interface{}) error {
-	if err := proto.Unmarshal(body, obj.(proto.Message)); err != nil {
+	msg, ok := obj.(proto.Message)
+	if !ok {
+		return errors.New("obj is not ProtoMessage")
+	}
+	if err := proto.Unmarshal(body, msg); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	// Here it's same to return validate(obj), but util now we can't add
diff --git a/binding/uri.go b/binding/uri.go
index f91ec38..a3c0df5 100644
--- a/binding/uri.go
+++ b/binding/uri.go
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ func (uriBinding) Name() string {
 }
 
 func (uriBinding) BindUri(m map[string][]string, obj interface{}) error {
-	if err := mapUri(obj, m); err != nil {
+	if err := mapURI(obj, m); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return validate(obj)
diff --git a/context.go b/context.go
index 0c1fb07..48d7550 100644
--- a/context.go
+++ b/context.go
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ package gin
 
 import (
 	"errors"
-	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"io/ioutil"
+	"log"
 	"math"
 	"mime/multipart"
 	"net"
@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ const (
 // BodyBytesKey indicates a default body bytes key.
 const BodyBytesKey = "_gin-gonic/gin/bodybyteskey"
 
-const abortIndex int8 = math.MaxInt8 / 2
+// abortIndex represents a typical value used in abort functions.
+const abortIndex int8 = math.MaxInt8 >> 1
 
 // Context is the most important part of gin. It allows us to pass variables between middleware,
 // manage the flow, validate the JSON of a request and render a JSON response for example.
@@ -53,10 +54,11 @@ type Context struct {
 	index    int8
 	fullPath string
 
-	engine *Engine
-	params *Params
+	engine       *Engine
+	params       *Params
+	skippedNodes *[]skippedNode
 
-	// This mutex protect Keys map
+	// This mutex protects Keys map.
 	mu sync.RWMutex
 
 	// Keys is a key/value pair exclusively for the context of each request.
@@ -68,10 +70,10 @@ type Context struct {
 	// Accepted defines a list of manually accepted formats for content negotiation.
 	Accepted []string
 
-	// queryCache use url.ParseQuery cached the param query result from c.Request.URL.Query()
+	// queryCache caches the query result from c.Request.URL.Query().
 	queryCache url.Values
 
-	// formCache use url.ParseQuery cached PostForm contains the parsed form data from POST, PATCH,
+	// formCache caches c.Request.PostForm, which contains the parsed form data from POST, PATCH,
 	// or PUT body parameters.
 	formCache url.Values
 
@@ -97,6 +99,7 @@ func (c *Context) reset() {
 	c.queryCache = nil
 	c.formCache = nil
 	*c.params = (*c.params)[:0]
+	*c.skippedNodes = (*c.skippedNodes)[:0]
 }
 
 // Copy returns a copy of the current context that can be safely used outside the request's scope.
@@ -218,7 +221,8 @@ func (c *Context) Error(err error) *Error {
 		panic("err is nil")
 	}
 
-	parsedError, ok := err.(*Error)
+	var parsedError *Error
+	ok := errors.As(err, &parsedError)
 	if !ok {
 		parsedError = &Error{
 			Err:  err,
@@ -247,7 +251,7 @@ func (c *Context) Set(key string, value interface{}) {
 }
 
 // Get returns the value for the given key, ie: (value, true).
-// If the value does not exists it returns (nil, false)
+// If the value does not exist it returns (nil, false)
 func (c *Context) Get(key string) (value interface{}, exists bool) {
 	c.mu.RLock()
 	value, exists = c.Keys[key]
@@ -381,6 +385,15 @@ func (c *Context) Param(key string) string {
 	return c.Params.ByName(key)
 }
 
+// AddParam adds param to context and
+// replaces path param key with given value for e2e testing purposes
+// Example Route: "/user/:id"
+// AddParam("id", 1)
+// Result: "/user/1"
+func (c *Context) AddParam(key, value string) {
+	c.Params = append(c.Params, Param{Key: key, Value: value})
+}
+
 // Query returns the keyed url query value if it exists,
 // otherwise it returns an empty string `("")`.
 // It is shortcut for `c.Request.URL.Query().Get(key)`
@@ -389,9 +402,9 @@ func (c *Context) Param(key string) string {
 // 	   c.Query("name") == "Manu"
 // 	   c.Query("value") == ""
 // 	   c.Query("wtf") == ""
-func (c *Context) Query(key string) string {
-	value, _ := c.GetQuery(key)
-	return value
+func (c *Context) Query(key string) (value string) {
+	value, _ = c.GetQuery(key)
+	return
 }
 
 // DefaultQuery returns the keyed url query value if it exists,
@@ -425,9 +438,9 @@ func (c *Context) GetQuery(key string) (string, bool) {
 
 // QueryArray returns a slice of strings for a given query key.
 // The length of the slice depends on the number of params with the given key.
-func (c *Context) QueryArray(key string) []string {
-	values, _ := c.GetQueryArray(key)
-	return values
+func (c *Context) QueryArray(key string) (values []string) {
+	values, _ = c.GetQueryArray(key)
+	return
 }
 
 func (c *Context) initQueryCache() {
@@ -442,18 +455,16 @@ func (c *Context) initQueryCache() {
 
 // GetQueryArray returns a slice of strings for a given query key, plus
 // a boolean value whether at least one value exists for the given key.
-func (c *Context) GetQueryArray(key string) ([]string, bool) {
+func (c *Context) GetQueryArray(key string) (values []string, ok bool) {
 	c.initQueryCache()
-	if values, ok := c.queryCache[key]; ok && len(values) > 0 {
-		return values, true
-	}
-	return []string{}, false
+	values, ok = c.queryCache[key]
+	return
 }
 
 // QueryMap returns a map for a given query key.
-func (c *Context) QueryMap(key string) map[string]string {
-	dicts, _ := c.GetQueryMap(key)
-	return dicts
+func (c *Context) QueryMap(key string) (dicts map[string]string) {
+	dicts, _ = c.GetQueryMap(key)
+	return
 }
 
 // GetQueryMap returns a map for a given query key, plus a boolean value
@@ -465,9 +476,9 @@ func (c *Context) GetQueryMap(key string) (map[string]string, bool) {
 
 // PostForm returns the specified key from a POST urlencoded form or multipart form
 // when it exists, otherwise it returns an empty string `("")`.
-func (c *Context) PostForm(key string) string {
-	value, _ := c.GetPostForm(key)
-	return value
+func (c *Context) PostForm(key string) (value string) {
+	value, _ = c.GetPostForm(key)
+	return
 }
 
 // DefaultPostForm returns the specified key from a POST urlencoded form or multipart form
@@ -496,9 +507,9 @@ func (c *Context) GetPostForm(key string) (string, bool) {
 
 // PostFormArray returns a slice of strings for a given form key.
 // The length of the slice depends on the number of params with the given key.
-func (c *Context) PostFormArray(key string) []string {
-	values, _ := c.GetPostFormArray(key)
-	return values
+func (c *Context) PostFormArray(key string) (values []string) {
+	values, _ = c.GetPostFormArray(key)
+	return
 }
 
 func (c *Context) initFormCache() {
@@ -506,7 +517,7 @@ func (c *Context) initFormCache() {
 		c.formCache = make(url.Values)
 		req := c.Request
 		if err := req.ParseMultipartForm(c.engine.MaxMultipartMemory); err != nil {
-			if err != http.ErrNotMultipart {
+			if !errors.Is(err, http.ErrNotMultipart) {
 				debugPrint("error on parse multipart form array: %v", err)
 			}
 		}
@@ -516,18 +527,16 @@ func (c *Context) initFormCache() {
 
 // GetPostFormArray returns a slice of strings for a given form key, plus
 // a boolean value whether at least one value exists for the given key.
-func (c *Context) GetPostFormArray(key string) ([]string, bool) {
+func (c *Context) GetPostFormArray(key string) (values []string, ok bool) {
 	c.initFormCache()
-	if values := c.formCache[key]; len(values) > 0 {
-		return values, true
-	}
-	return []string{}, false
+	values, ok = c.formCache[key]
+	return
 }
 
 // PostFormMap returns a map for a given form key.
-func (c *Context) PostFormMap(key string) map[string]string {
-	dicts, _ := c.GetPostFormMap(key)
-	return dicts
+func (c *Context) PostFormMap(key string) (dicts map[string]string) {
+	dicts, _ = c.GetPostFormMap(key)
+	return
 }
 
 // GetPostFormMap returns a map for a given form key, plus a boolean value
@@ -591,11 +600,10 @@ func (c *Context) SaveUploadedFile(file *multipart.FileHeader, dst string) error
 	return err
 }
 
-// Bind checks the Content-Type to select a binding engine automatically,
-// Depending the "Content-Type" header different bindings are used:
+// Bind checks the Method and Content-Type to select a binding engine automatically,
+// Depending on the "Content-Type" header different bindings are used, for example:
 //     "application/json" --> JSON binding
 //     "application/xml"  --> XML binding
-// otherwise --> returns an error.
 // It parses the request's body as JSON if Content-Type == "application/json" using JSON or XML as a JSON input.
 // It decodes the json payload into the struct specified as a pointer.
 // It writes a 400 error and sets Content-Type header "text/plain" in the response if input is not valid.
@@ -650,14 +658,13 @@ func (c *Context) MustBindWith(obj interface{}, b binding.Binding) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// ShouldBind checks the Content-Type to select a binding engine automatically,
-// Depending the "Content-Type" header different bindings are used:
+// ShouldBind checks the Method and Content-Type to select a binding engine automatically,
+// Depending on the "Content-Type" header different bindings are used, for example:
 //     "application/json" --> JSON binding
 //     "application/xml"  --> XML binding
-// otherwise --> returns an error
 // It parses the request's body as JSON if Content-Type == "application/json" using JSON or XML as a JSON input.
 // It decodes the json payload into the struct specified as a pointer.
-// Like c.Bind() but this method does not set the response status code to 400 and abort if the json is not valid.
+// Like c.Bind() but this method does not set the response status code to 400 or abort if input is not valid.
 func (c *Context) ShouldBind(obj interface{}) error {
 	b := binding.Default(c.Request.Method, c.ContentType())
 	return c.ShouldBindWith(obj, b)
@@ -725,31 +732,40 @@ func (c *Context) ShouldBindBodyWith(obj interface{}, bb binding.BindingBody) (e
 	return bb.BindBody(body, obj)
 }
 
-// ClientIP implements a best effort algorithm to return the real client IP.
+// ClientIP implements one best effort algorithm to return the real client IP.
 // It called c.RemoteIP() under the hood, to check if the remote IP is a trusted proxy or not.
-// If it's it will then try to parse the headers defined in Engine.RemoteIPHeaders (defaulting to [X-Forwarded-For, X-Real-Ip]).
-// If the headers are nots syntactically valid OR the remote IP does not correspong to a trusted proxy,
-// the remote IP (coming form Request.RemoteAddr) is returned.
+// If it is it will then try to parse the headers defined in Engine.RemoteIPHeaders (defaulting to [X-Forwarded-For, X-Real-Ip]).
+// If the headers are not syntactically valid OR the remote IP does not correspond to a trusted proxy,
+// the remote IP (coming from Request.RemoteAddr) is returned.
 func (c *Context) ClientIP() string {
-	switch {
-	case c.engine.AppEngine:
-		if addr := c.requestHeader("X-Appengine-Remote-Addr"); addr != "" {
+	// Check if we're running on a trusted platform, continue running backwards if error
+	if c.engine.TrustedPlatform != "" {
+		// Developers can define their own header of Trusted Platform or use predefined constants
+		if addr := c.requestHeader(c.engine.TrustedPlatform); addr != "" {
 			return addr
 		}
-	case c.engine.CloudflareProxy:
-		if addr := c.requestHeader("CF-Connecting-IP"); addr != "" {
+	}
+
+	// Legacy "AppEngine" flag
+	if c.engine.AppEngine {
+		log.Println(`The AppEngine flag is going to be deprecated. Please check issues #2723 and #2739 and use 'TrustedPlatform: gin.PlatformGoogleAppEngine' instead.`)
+		if addr := c.requestHeader("X-Appengine-Remote-Addr"); addr != "" {
 			return addr
 		}
 	}
 
-	remoteIP, trusted := c.RemoteIP()
+	// It also checks if the remoteIP is a trusted proxy or not.
+	// In order to perform this validation, it will see if the IP is contained within at least one of the CIDR blocks
+	// defined by Engine.SetTrustedProxies()
+	remoteIP := net.ParseIP(c.RemoteIP())
 	if remoteIP == nil {
 		return ""
 	}
+	trusted := c.engine.isTrustedProxy(remoteIP)
 
 	if trusted && c.engine.ForwardedByClientIP && c.engine.RemoteIPHeaders != nil {
 		for _, headerName := range c.engine.RemoteIPHeaders {
-			ip, valid := validateHeader(c.requestHeader(headerName))
+			ip, valid := c.engine.validateHeader(c.requestHeader(headerName))
 			if valid {
 				return ip
 			}
@@ -759,51 +775,12 @@ func (c *Context) ClientIP() string {
 }
 
 // RemoteIP parses the IP from Request.RemoteAddr, normalizes and returns the IP (without the port).
-// It also checks if the remoteIP is a trusted proxy or not.
-// In order to perform this validation, it will see if the IP is contained within at least one of the CIDR blocks
-// defined in Engine.TrustedProxies
-func (c *Context) RemoteIP() (net.IP, bool) {
+func (c *Context) RemoteIP() string {
 	ip, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(strings.TrimSpace(c.Request.RemoteAddr))
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, false
-	}
-	remoteIP := net.ParseIP(ip)
-	if remoteIP == nil {
-		return nil, false
-	}
-
-	if c.engine.trustedCIDRs != nil {
-		for _, cidr := range c.engine.trustedCIDRs {
-			if cidr.Contains(remoteIP) {
-				return remoteIP, true
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return remoteIP, false
-}
-
-func validateHeader(header string) (clientIP string, valid bool) {
-	if header == "" {
-		return "", false
-	}
-	items := strings.Split(header, ",")
-	for i, ipStr := range items {
-		ipStr = strings.TrimSpace(ipStr)
-		ip := net.ParseIP(ipStr)
-		if ip == nil {
-			return "", false
-		}
-
-		// We need to return the first IP in the list, but,
-		// we should not early return since we need to validate that
-		// the rest of the header is syntactically valid
-		if i == 0 {
-			clientIP = ipStr
-			valid = true
-		}
+		return ""
 	}
-	return
+	return ip
 }
 
 // ContentType returns the Content-Type header of the request.
@@ -847,7 +824,7 @@ func (c *Context) Status(code int) {
 	c.Writer.WriteHeader(code)
 }
 
-// Header is a intelligent shortcut for c.Writer.Header().Set(key, value).
+// Header is an intelligent shortcut for c.Writer.Header().Set(key, value).
 // It writes a header in the response.
 // If value == "", this method removes the header `c.Writer.Header().Del(key)`
 func (c *Context) Header(key, value string) {
@@ -863,7 +840,7 @@ func (c *Context) GetHeader(key string) string {
 	return c.requestHeader(key)
 }
 
-// GetRawData return stream data.
+// GetRawData returns stream data.
 func (c *Context) GetRawData() ([]byte, error) {
 	return ioutil.ReadAll(c.Request.Body)
 }
@@ -930,7 +907,7 @@ func (c *Context) HTML(code int, name string, obj interface{}) {
 
 // IndentedJSON serializes the given struct as pretty JSON (indented + endlines) into the response body.
 // It also sets the Content-Type as "application/json".
-// WARNING: we recommend to use this only for development purposes since printing pretty JSON is
+// WARNING: we recommend using this only for development purposes since printing pretty JSON is
 // more CPU and bandwidth consuming. Use Context.JSON() instead.
 func (c *Context) IndentedJSON(code int, obj interface{}) {
 	c.Render(code, render.IndentedJSON{Data: obj})
@@ -994,7 +971,7 @@ func (c *Context) String(code int, format string, values ...interface{}) {
 	c.Render(code, render.String{Format: format, Data: values})
 }
 
-// Redirect returns a HTTP redirect to the specific location.
+// Redirect returns an HTTP redirect to the specific location.
 func (c *Context) Redirect(code int, location string) {
 	c.Render(-1, render.Redirect{
 		Code:     code,
@@ -1040,7 +1017,11 @@ func (c *Context) FileFromFS(filepath string, fs http.FileSystem) {
 // FileAttachment writes the specified file into the body stream in an efficient way
 // On the client side, the file will typically be downloaded with the given filename
 func (c *Context) FileAttachment(filepath, filename string) {
-	c.Writer.Header().Set("Content-Disposition", fmt.Sprintf("attachment; filename=\"%s\"", filename))
+	if isASCII(filename) {
+		c.Writer.Header().Set("Content-Disposition", `attachment; filename="`+filename+`"`)
+	} else {
+		c.Writer.Header().Set("Content-Disposition", `attachment; filename*=UTF-8''`+url.QueryEscape(filename))
+	}
 	http.ServeFile(c.Writer, c.Request, filepath)
 }
 
@@ -1086,7 +1067,7 @@ type Negotiate struct {
 	Data     interface{}
 }
 
-// Negotiate calls different Render according acceptable Accept format.
+// Negotiate calls different Render according to acceptable Accept format.
 func (c *Context) Negotiate(code int, config Negotiate) {
 	switch c.NegotiateFormat(config.Offered...) {
 	case binding.MIMEJSON:
@@ -1150,22 +1131,28 @@ func (c *Context) SetAccepted(formats ...string) {
 /***** GOLANG.ORG/X/NET/CONTEXT *****/
 /************************************/
 
-// Deadline always returns that there is no deadline (ok==false),
-// maybe you want to use Request.Context().Deadline() instead.
+// Deadline returns that there is no deadline (ok==false) when c.Request has no Context.
 func (c *Context) Deadline() (deadline time.Time, ok bool) {
-	return
+	if c.Request == nil || c.Request.Context() == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	return c.Request.Context().Deadline()
 }
 
-// Done always returns nil (chan which will wait forever),
-// if you want to abort your work when the connection was closed
-// you should use Request.Context().Done() instead.
+// Done returns nil (chan which will wait forever) when c.Request has no Context.
 func (c *Context) Done() <-chan struct{} {
-	return nil
+	if c.Request == nil || c.Request.Context() == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return c.Request.Context().Done()
 }
 
-// Err always returns nil, maybe you want to use Request.Context().Err() instead.
+// Err returns nil when c.Request has no Context.
 func (c *Context) Err() error {
-	return nil
+	if c.Request == nil || c.Request.Context() == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return c.Request.Context().Err()
 }
 
 // Value returns the value associated with this context for key, or nil
@@ -1176,8 +1163,12 @@ func (c *Context) Value(key interface{}) interface{} {
 		return c.Request
 	}
 	if keyAsString, ok := key.(string); ok {
-		val, _ := c.Get(keyAsString)
-		return val
+		if val, exists := c.Get(keyAsString); exists {
+			return val
+		}
 	}
-	return nil
+	if c.Request == nil || c.Request.Context() == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return c.Request.Context().Value(key)
 }
diff --git a/context_appengine.go b/context_appengine.go
index d565843..8bf9389 100644
--- a/context_appengine.go
+++ b/context_appengine.go
@@ -8,5 +8,5 @@
 package gin
 
 func init() {
-	defaultAppEngine = true
+	defaultPlatform = PlatformGoogleAppEngine
 }
diff --git a/errors.go b/errors.go
index 0f276c1..3418cbc 100644
--- a/errors.go
+++ b/errors.go
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ func (a errorMsgs) Last() *Error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// Errors returns an array will all the error messages.
+// Errors returns an array with all the error messages.
 // Example:
 // 		c.Error(errors.New("first"))
 // 		c.Error(errors.New("second"))
diff --git a/gin.go b/gin.go
index 00686e7..b54dbd8 100644
--- a/gin.go
+++ b/gin.go
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/internal/bytesconv"
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/render"
+	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
+	"golang.org/x/net/http2/h2c"
 )
 
 const defaultMultipartMemory = 32 << 20 // 32 MB
@@ -25,15 +27,26 @@ var (
 	default405Body = []byte("405 method not allowed")
 )
 
-var defaultAppEngine bool
+var defaultPlatform string
+
+var defaultTrustedCIDRs = []*net.IPNet{
+	{ // 0.0.0.0/0 (IPv4)
+		IP:   net.IP{0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0},
+		Mask: net.IPMask{0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0},
+	},
+	{ // ::/0 (IPv6)
+		IP:   net.IP{0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0},
+		Mask: net.IPMask{0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0},
+	},
+}
 
 // HandlerFunc defines the handler used by gin middleware as return value.
 type HandlerFunc func(*Context)
 
-// HandlersChain defines a HandlerFunc array.
+// HandlersChain defines a HandlerFunc slice.
 type HandlersChain []HandlerFunc
 
-// Last returns the last handler in the chain. ie. the last handler is the main one.
+// Last returns the last handler in the chain. i.e. the last handler is the main one.
 func (c HandlersChain) Last() HandlerFunc {
 	if length := len(c); length > 0 {
 		return c[length-1]
@@ -49,9 +62,19 @@ type RouteInfo struct {
 	HandlerFunc HandlerFunc
 }
 
-// RoutesInfo defines a RouteInfo array.
+// RoutesInfo defines a RouteInfo slice.
 type RoutesInfo []RouteInfo
 
+// Trusted platforms
+const (
+	// When running on Google App Engine. Trust X-Appengine-Remote-Addr
+	// for determining the client's IP
+	PlatformGoogleAppEngine = "X-Appengine-Remote-Addr"
+	// When using Cloudflare's CDN. Trust CF-Connecting-IP for determining
+	// the client's IP
+	PlatformCloudflare = "CF-Connecting-IP"
+)
+
 // Engine is the framework's instance, it contains the muxer, middleware and configuration settings.
 // Create an instance of Engine, by using New() or Default()
 type Engine struct {
@@ -89,26 +112,11 @@ type Engine struct {
 	// `(*gin.Context).Request.RemoteAddr`.
 	ForwardedByClientIP bool
 
-	// List of headers used to obtain the client IP when
-	// `(*gin.Engine).ForwardedByClientIP` is `true` and
-	// `(*gin.Context).Request.RemoteAddr` is matched by at least one of the
-	// network origins of `(*gin.Engine).TrustedProxies`.
-	RemoteIPHeaders []string
-
-	// List of network origins (IPv4 addresses, IPv4 CIDRs, IPv6 addresses or
-	// IPv6 CIDRs) from which to trust request's headers that contain
-	// alternative client IP when `(*gin.Engine).ForwardedByClientIP` is
-	// `true`.
-	TrustedProxies []string
-
+	// DEPRECATED: USE `TrustedPlatform` WITH VALUE `gin.PlatformGoogleAppEngine` INSTEAD
 	// #726 #755 If enabled, it will trust some headers starting with
 	// 'X-AppEngine...' for better integration with that PaaS.
 	AppEngine bool
 
-	// If enabled, it will trust the CF-Connecting-IP header to determine the
-	// IP of the client.
-	CloudflareProxy bool
-
 	// If enabled, the url.RawPath will be used to find parameters.
 	UseRawPath bool
 
@@ -117,13 +125,26 @@ type Engine struct {
 	// as url.Path gonna be used, which is already unescaped.
 	UnescapePathValues bool
 
+	// RemoveExtraSlash a parameter can be parsed from the URL even with extra slashes.
+	// See the PR #1817 and issue #1644
+	RemoveExtraSlash bool
+
+	// List of headers used to obtain the client IP when
+	// `(*gin.Engine).ForwardedByClientIP` is `true` and
+	// `(*gin.Context).Request.RemoteAddr` is matched by at least one of the
+	// network origins of list defined by `(*gin.Engine).SetTrustedProxies()`.
+	RemoteIPHeaders []string
+
+	// If set to a constant of value gin.Platform*, trusts the headers set by
+	// that platform, for example to determine the client IP
+	TrustedPlatform string
+
 	// Value of 'maxMemory' param that is given to http.Request's ParseMultipartForm
 	// method call.
 	MaxMultipartMemory int64
 
-	// RemoveExtraSlash a parameter can be parsed from the URL even with extra slashes.
-	// See the PR #1817 and issue #1644
-	RemoveExtraSlash bool
+	// Enable h2c support.
+	UseH2C bool
 
 	delims           render.Delims
 	secureJSONPrefix string
@@ -136,13 +157,15 @@ type Engine struct {
 	pool             sync.Pool
 	trees            methodTrees
 	maxParams        uint16
+	maxSections      uint16
+	trustedProxies   []string
 	trustedCIDRs     []*net.IPNet
 }
 
 var _ IRouter = &Engine{}
 
 // New returns a new blank Engine instance without any middleware attached.
-// By default the configuration is:
+// By default, the configuration is:
 // - RedirectTrailingSlash:  true
 // - RedirectFixedPath:      false
 // - HandleMethodNotAllowed: false
@@ -163,8 +186,7 @@ func New() *Engine {
 		HandleMethodNotAllowed: false,
 		ForwardedByClientIP:    true,
 		RemoteIPHeaders:        []string{"X-Forwarded-For", "X-Real-IP"},
-		TrustedProxies:         []string{"0.0.0.0/0"},
-		AppEngine:              defaultAppEngine,
+		TrustedPlatform:        defaultPlatform,
 		UseRawPath:             false,
 		RemoveExtraSlash:       false,
 		UnescapePathValues:     true,
@@ -172,6 +194,8 @@ func New() *Engine {
 		trees:                  make(methodTrees, 0, 9),
 		delims:                 render.Delims{Left: "{{", Right: "}}"},
 		secureJSONPrefix:       "while(1);",
+		trustedProxies:         []string{"0.0.0.0/0"},
+		trustedCIDRs:           defaultTrustedCIDRs,
 	}
 	engine.RouterGroup.engine = engine
 	engine.pool.New = func() interface{} {
@@ -188,12 +212,22 @@ func Default() *Engine {
 	return engine
 }
 
+func (engine *Engine) Handler() http.Handler {
+	if !engine.UseH2C {
+		return engine
+	}
+
+	h2s := &http2.Server{}
+	return h2c.NewHandler(engine, h2s)
+}
+
 func (engine *Engine) allocateContext() *Context {
 	v := make(Params, 0, engine.maxParams)
-	return &Context{engine: engine, params: &v}
+	skippedNodes := make([]skippedNode, 0, engine.maxSections)
+	return &Context{engine: engine, params: &v, skippedNodes: &skippedNodes}
 }
 
-// Delims sets template left and right delims and returns a Engine instance.
+// Delims sets template left and right delims and returns an Engine instance.
 func (engine *Engine) Delims(left, right string) *Engine {
 	engine.delims = render.Delims{Left: left, Right: right}
 	return engine
@@ -247,19 +281,19 @@ func (engine *Engine) SetFuncMap(funcMap template.FuncMap) {
 	engine.FuncMap = funcMap
 }
 
-// NoRoute adds handlers for NoRoute. It return a 404 code by default.
+// NoRoute adds handlers for NoRoute. It returns a 404 code by default.
 func (engine *Engine) NoRoute(handlers ...HandlerFunc) {
 	engine.noRoute = handlers
 	engine.rebuild404Handlers()
 }
 
-// NoMethod sets the handlers called when... TODO.
+// NoMethod sets the handlers called when Engine.HandleMethodNotAllowed = true.
 func (engine *Engine) NoMethod(handlers ...HandlerFunc) {
 	engine.noMethod = handlers
 	engine.rebuild405Handlers()
 }
 
-// Use attaches a global middleware to the router. ie. the middleware attached though Use() will be
+// Use attaches a global middleware to the router. i.e. the middleware attached through Use() will be
 // included in the handlers chain for every single request. Even 404, 405, static files...
 // For example, this is the right place for a logger or error management middleware.
 func (engine *Engine) Use(middleware ...HandlerFunc) IRoutes {
@@ -296,6 +330,10 @@ func (engine *Engine) addRoute(method, path string, handlers HandlersChain) {
 	if paramsCount := countParams(path); paramsCount > engine.maxParams {
 		engine.maxParams = paramsCount
 	}
+
+	if sectionsCount := countSections(path); sectionsCount > engine.maxSections {
+		engine.maxSections = sectionsCount
+	}
 }
 
 // Routes returns a slice of registered routes, including some useful information, such as:
@@ -330,24 +368,24 @@ func iterate(path, method string, routes RoutesInfo, root *node) RoutesInfo {
 func (engine *Engine) Run(addr ...string) (err error) {
 	defer func() { debugPrintError(err) }()
 
-	err = engine.parseTrustedProxies()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	if engine.isUnsafeTrustedProxies() {
+		debugPrint("[WARNING] You trusted all proxies, this is NOT safe. We recommend you to set a value.\n" +
+			"Please check https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/gin-gonic/gin#readme-don-t-trust-all-proxies for details.")
 	}
 
 	address := resolveAddress(addr)
 	debugPrint("Listening and serving HTTP on %s\n", address)
-	err = http.ListenAndServe(address, engine)
+	err = http.ListenAndServe(address, engine.Handler())
 	return
 }
 
 func (engine *Engine) prepareTrustedCIDRs() ([]*net.IPNet, error) {
-	if engine.TrustedProxies == nil {
+	if engine.trustedProxies == nil {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 
-	cidr := make([]*net.IPNet, 0, len(engine.TrustedProxies))
-	for _, trustedProxy := range engine.TrustedProxies {
+	cidr := make([]*net.IPNet, 0, len(engine.trustedProxies))
+	for _, trustedProxy := range engine.trustedProxies {
 		if !strings.Contains(trustedProxy, "/") {
 			ip := parseIP(trustedProxy)
 			if ip == nil {
@@ -370,19 +408,66 @@ func (engine *Engine) prepareTrustedCIDRs() ([]*net.IPNet, error) {
 	return cidr, nil
 }
 
-// SetTrustedProxies  set Engine.TrustedProxies
+// SetTrustedProxies set a list of network origins (IPv4 addresses,
+// IPv4 CIDRs, IPv6 addresses or IPv6 CIDRs) from which to trust
+// request's headers that contain alternative client IP when
+// `(*gin.Engine).ForwardedByClientIP` is `true`. `TrustedProxies`
+// feature is enabled by default, and it also trusts all proxies
+// by default. If you want to disable this feature, use
+// Engine.SetTrustedProxies(nil), then Context.ClientIP() will
+// return the remote address directly.
 func (engine *Engine) SetTrustedProxies(trustedProxies []string) error {
-	engine.TrustedProxies = trustedProxies
+	engine.trustedProxies = trustedProxies
 	return engine.parseTrustedProxies()
 }
 
-// parseTrustedProxies parse Engine.TrustedProxies to Engine.trustedCIDRs
+// isUnsafeTrustedProxies checks if Engine.trustedCIDRs contains all IPs, it's not safe if it has (returns true)
+func (engine *Engine) isUnsafeTrustedProxies() bool {
+	return engine.isTrustedProxy(net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0")) || engine.isTrustedProxy(net.ParseIP("::"))
+}
+
+// parseTrustedProxies parse Engine.trustedProxies to Engine.trustedCIDRs
 func (engine *Engine) parseTrustedProxies() error {
 	trustedCIDRs, err := engine.prepareTrustedCIDRs()
 	engine.trustedCIDRs = trustedCIDRs
 	return err
 }
 
+// isTrustedProxy will check whether the IP address is included in the trusted list according to Engine.trustedCIDRs
+func (engine *Engine) isTrustedProxy(ip net.IP) bool {
+	if engine.trustedCIDRs == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, cidr := range engine.trustedCIDRs {
+		if cidr.Contains(ip) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// validateHeader will parse X-Forwarded-For header and return the trusted client IP address
+func (engine *Engine) validateHeader(header string) (clientIP string, valid bool) {
+	if header == "" {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	items := strings.Split(header, ",")
+	for i := len(items) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		ipStr := strings.TrimSpace(items[i])
+		ip := net.ParseIP(ipStr)
+		if ip == nil {
+			break
+		}
+
+		// X-Forwarded-For is appended by proxy
+		// Check IPs in reverse order and stop when find untrusted proxy
+		if (i == 0) || (!engine.isTrustedProxy(ip)) {
+			return ipStr, true
+		}
+	}
+	return "", false
+}
+
 // parseIP parse a string representation of an IP and returns a net.IP with the
 // minimum byte representation or nil if input is invalid.
 func parseIP(ip string) net.IP {
@@ -404,25 +489,25 @@ func (engine *Engine) RunTLS(addr, certFile, keyFile string) (err error) {
 	debugPrint("Listening and serving HTTPS on %s\n", addr)
 	defer func() { debugPrintError(err) }()
 
-	err = engine.parseTrustedProxies()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	if engine.isUnsafeTrustedProxies() {
+		debugPrint("[WARNING] You trusted all proxies, this is NOT safe. We recommend you to set a value.\n" +
+			"Please check https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/gin-gonic/gin#readme-don-t-trust-all-proxies for details.")
 	}
 
-	err = http.ListenAndServeTLS(addr, certFile, keyFile, engine)
+	err = http.ListenAndServeTLS(addr, certFile, keyFile, engine.Handler())
 	return
 }
 
 // RunUnix attaches the router to a http.Server and starts listening and serving HTTP requests
-// through the specified unix socket (ie. a file).
+// through the specified unix socket (i.e. a file).
 // Note: this method will block the calling goroutine indefinitely unless an error happens.
 func (engine *Engine) RunUnix(file string) (err error) {
 	debugPrint("Listening and serving HTTP on unix:/%s", file)
 	defer func() { debugPrintError(err) }()
 
-	err = engine.parseTrustedProxies()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	if engine.isUnsafeTrustedProxies() {
+		debugPrint("[WARNING] You trusted all proxies, this is NOT safe. We recommend you to set a value.\n" +
+			"Please check https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/gin-gonic/gin#readme-don-t-trust-all-proxies for details.")
 	}
 
 	listener, err := net.Listen("unix", file)
@@ -432,7 +517,7 @@ func (engine *Engine) RunUnix(file string) (err error) {
 	defer listener.Close()
 	defer os.Remove(file)
 
-	err = http.Serve(listener, engine)
+	err = http.Serve(listener, engine.Handler())
 	return
 }
 
@@ -443,9 +528,9 @@ func (engine *Engine) RunFd(fd int) (err error) {
 	debugPrint("Listening and serving HTTP on fd@%d", fd)
 	defer func() { debugPrintError(err) }()
 
-	err = engine.parseTrustedProxies()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	if engine.isUnsafeTrustedProxies() {
+		debugPrint("[WARNING] You trusted all proxies, this is NOT safe. We recommend you to set a value.\n" +
+			"Please check https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/gin-gonic/gin#readme-don-t-trust-all-proxies for details.")
 	}
 
 	f := os.NewFile(uintptr(fd), fmt.Sprintf("fd@%d", fd))
@@ -464,12 +549,12 @@ func (engine *Engine) RunListener(listener net.Listener) (err error) {
 	debugPrint("Listening and serving HTTP on listener what's bind with address@%s", listener.Addr())
 	defer func() { debugPrintError(err) }()
 
-	err = engine.parseTrustedProxies()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	if engine.isUnsafeTrustedProxies() {
+		debugPrint("[WARNING] You trusted all proxies, this is NOT safe. We recommend you to set a value.\n" +
+			"Please check https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/gin-gonic/gin#readme-don-t-trust-all-proxies for details.")
 	}
 
-	err = http.Serve(listener, engine)
+	err = http.Serve(listener, engine.Handler())
 	return
 }
 
@@ -485,9 +570,9 @@ func (engine *Engine) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
 	engine.pool.Put(c)
 }
 
-// HandleContext re-enter a context that has been rewritten.
+// HandleContext re-enters a context that has been rewritten.
 // This can be done by setting c.Request.URL.Path to your new target.
-// Disclaimer: You can loop yourself to death with this, use wisely.
+// Disclaimer: You can loop yourself to deal with this, use wisely.
 func (engine *Engine) HandleContext(c *Context) {
 	oldIndexValue := c.index
 	c.reset()
@@ -517,7 +602,7 @@ func (engine *Engine) handleHTTPRequest(c *Context) {
 		}
 		root := t[i].root
 		// Find route in tree
-		value := root.getValue(rPath, c.params, unescape)
+		value := root.getValue(rPath, c.params, c.skippedNodes, unescape)
 		if value.params != nil {
 			c.Params = *value.params
 		}
@@ -528,7 +613,7 @@ func (engine *Engine) handleHTTPRequest(c *Context) {
 			c.writermem.WriteHeaderNow()
 			return
 		}
-		if httpMethod != "CONNECT" && rPath != "/" {
+		if httpMethod != http.MethodConnect && rPath != "/" {
 			if value.tsr && engine.RedirectTrailingSlash {
 				redirectTrailingSlash(c)
 				return
@@ -545,7 +630,7 @@ func (engine *Engine) handleHTTPRequest(c *Context) {
 			if tree.method == httpMethod {
 				continue
 			}
-			if value := tree.root.getValue(rPath, nil, unescape); value.handlers != nil {
+			if value := tree.root.getValue(rPath, nil, c.skippedNodes, unescape); value.handlers != nil {
 				c.handlers = engine.allNoMethod
 				serveError(c, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, default405Body)
 				return
diff --git a/ginS/gins.go b/ginS/gins.go
index 3080fd3..0802e08 100644
--- a/ginS/gins.go
+++ b/ginS/gins.go
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ func SetHTMLTemplate(templ *template.Template) {
 	engine().SetHTMLTemplate(templ)
 }
 
-// NoRoute adds handlers for NoRoute. It return a 404 code by default.
+// NoRoute adds handlers for NoRoute. It returns a 404 code by default.
 func NoRoute(handlers ...gin.HandlerFunc) {
 	engine().NoRoute(handlers...)
 }
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ func StaticFS(relativePath string, fs http.FileSystem) gin.IRoutes {
 	return engine().StaticFS(relativePath, fs)
 }
 
-// Use attaches a global middleware to the router. ie. the middlewares attached though Use() will be
+// Use attaches a global middleware to the router. i.e. the middlewares attached through Use() will be
 // included in the handlers chain for every single request. Even 404, 405, static files...
 // For example, this is the right place for a logger or error management middleware.
 func Use(middlewares ...gin.HandlerFunc) gin.IRoutes {
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ func RunTLS(addr, certFile, keyFile string) (err error) {
 }
 
 // RunUnix attaches to a http.Server and starts listening and serving HTTP requests
-// through the specified unix socket (ie. a file)
+// through the specified unix socket (i.e. a file)
 // Note: this method will block the calling goroutine indefinitely unless an error happens.
 func RunUnix(file string) (err error) {
 	return engine().RunUnix(file)
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 9484b26..8087227 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -4,12 +4,13 @@ go 1.13
 
 require (
 	github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0
-	github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.6.1
-	github.com/goccy/go-json v0.5.1
-	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.3.3
-	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.9
-	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.12
-	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.4.0
+	github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.10.0
+	github.com/goccy/go-json v0.9.5
+	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12
+	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.14
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.0
 	github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.6
-	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.8
+	golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20210226172049-e18ecbb05110
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.27.1
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0
 )
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index e61ef90..7f89245 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+github.com/creack/pty v1.1.9/go.mod h1:oKZEueFk5CKHvIhNR5MUki03XCEU+Q6VDXinZuGJ33E=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.0/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 h1:vj9j/u1bqnvCEfJOwUhtlOARqs3+rkHYY13jYWTU97c=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
@@ -5,51 +6,77 @@ github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0 h1:Y/yl/+YNO8GZSjAhjMsSuLt29uWRFHdHYUb5lYOV9qE
 github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0/go.mod h1:RHrZQHXnP2xjPF+u1gW/2HnVO7nvIa9PG3Gm+fLHvGI=
 github.com/go-playground/assert/v2 v2.0.1 h1:MsBgLAaY856+nPRTKrp3/OZK38U/wa0CcBYNjji3q3A=
 github.com/go-playground/assert/v2 v2.0.1/go.mod h1:VDjEfimB/XKnb+ZQfWdccd7VUvScMdVu0Titje2rxJ4=
-github.com/go-playground/locales v0.13.0 h1:HyWk6mgj5qFqCT5fjGBuRArbVDfE4hi8+e8ceBS/t7Q=
-github.com/go-playground/locales v0.13.0/go.mod h1:taPMhCMXrRLJO55olJkUXHZBHCxTMfnGwq/HNwmWNS8=
-github.com/go-playground/universal-translator v0.17.0 h1:icxd5fm+REJzpZx7ZfpaD876Lmtgy7VtROAbHHXk8no=
-github.com/go-playground/universal-translator v0.17.0/go.mod h1:UkSxE5sNxxRwHyU+Scu5vgOQjsIJAF8j9muTVoKLVtA=
-github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.6.1 h1:W6TRDXt4WcWp4c4nf/G+6BkGdhiIo0k417gfr+V6u4I=
-github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.6.1/go.mod h1:xm76BBt941f7yWdGnI2DVPFFg1UK3YY04qifoXU3lOk=
-github.com/goccy/go-json v0.5.1 h1:R9UYTOUvo7eIY9aeDMZ4L6OVtHaSr1k2No9W6MKjXrA=
-github.com/goccy/go-json v0.5.1/go.mod h1:6MelG93GURQebXPDq3khkgXZkazVtN9CRI+MGFi0w8I=
-github.com/golang/protobuf v1.3.3 h1:gyjaxf+svBWX08ZjK86iN9geUJF0H6gp2IRKX6Nf6/I=
-github.com/golang/protobuf v1.3.3/go.mod h1:vzj43D7+SQXF/4pzW/hwtAqwc6iTitCiVSaWz5lYuqw=
+github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.0 h1:u50s323jtVGugKlcYeyzC0etD1HifMjqmJqb8WugfUU=
+github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.0/go.mod h1:sawfccIbzZTqEDETgFXqTho0QybSa7l++s0DH+LDiLs=
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 github.com/google/gofuzz v1.0.0/go.mod h1:dBl0BpW6vV/+mYPU4Po3pmUjxk6FQPldtuIdl/M65Eg=
-github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.9 h1:9yzud/Ht36ygwatGx56VwCZtlI/2AD15T1X2sjSuGns=
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 github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180228061459-e0a39a4cb421 h1:ZqeYNhU3OHLH3mGKHDcjJRFFRrJa6eAM5H+CtDdOsPc=
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-golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20190308221718-c2843e01d9a2/go.mod h1:djNgcEr1/C05ACkg1iLfiJU5Ep61QUkGW8qpdssI0+w=
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-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20200116001909-b77594299b42 h1:vEOn+mP2zCOVzKckCZy6YsCtDblrpj/w7B9nxGNELpg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20200116001909-b77594299b42/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
-golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
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+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210806184541-e5e7981a1069 h1:siQdpVirKtzPhKl3lZWozZraCFObP8S1v6PRp0bLrtU=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210806184541-e5e7981a1069/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
+golang.org/x/text v0.3.3/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
+golang.org/x/text v0.3.6 h1:aRYxNxv6iGQlyVaZmk6ZgYEDa+Jg18DxebPSrd6bg1M=
+golang.org/x/text v0.3.6/go.mod h1:5Zoc/QRtKVWzQhOtBMvqHzDpF6irO9z98xDceosuGiQ=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.0.0-20180917221912-90fa682c2a6e/go.mod h1:n7NCudcB/nEzxVGmLbDWY5pfWTLqBcC2KZ6jyYvM4mQ=
-gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405 h1:yhCVgyC4o1eVCa2tZl7eS0r+SDo693bJlVdllGtEeKM=
+golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543 h1:E7g+9GITq07hpfrRu66IVDexMakfv52eLZ2CXBWiKr4=
+golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.26.0-rc.1/go.mod h1:jlhhOSvTdKEhbULTjvd4ARK9grFBp09yW+WbY/TyQbw=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.27.1 h1:SnqbnDw1V7RiZcXPx5MEeqPv2s79L9i7BJUlG/+RurQ=
+google.golang.org/protobuf v1.27.1/go.mod h1:9q0QmTI4eRPtz6boOQmLYwt+qCgq0jsYwAQnmE0givc=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
-gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.2/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
-gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.8 h1:obN1ZagJSUGI0Ek/LBmuj4SNLPfIny3KsKFopxRdj10=
-gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.8/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c h1:Hei/4ADfdWqJk1ZMxUNpqntNwaWcugrBjAiHlqqRiVk=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c/go.mod h1:JHkPIbrfpd72SG/EVd6muEfDQjcINNoR0C8j2r3qZ4Q=
+gopkg.in/errgo.v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:hNsd1EY+bozCKY1Ytp96fpM3vjJbqLJn88ws8XvfDNI=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 h1:D8xgwECY7CYvx+Y2n4sBz93Jn9JRvxdiyyo8CTfuKaY=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0/go.mod h1:RDklbk79AGWmwhnvt/jBztapEOGDOx6ZbXqjP6csGnQ=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20210107192922-496545a6307b h1:h8qDotaEPuJATrMmW04NCwg7v22aHH28wwpauUhK9Oo=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20210107192922-496545a6307b/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
diff --git a/logger.go b/logger.go
index 22138a8..61b8454 100644
--- a/logger.go
+++ b/logger.go
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ type LogFormatterParams struct {
 	Path string
 	// ErrorMessage is set if error has occurred in processing the request.
 	ErrorMessage string
-	// isTerm shows whether does gin's output descriptor refers to a terminal.
+	// isTerm shows whether gin's output descriptor refers to a terminal.
 	isTerm bool
 	// BodySize is the size of the Response Body
 	BodySize int
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ func ErrorLoggerT(typ ErrorType) HandlerFunc {
 }
 
 // Logger instances a Logger middleware that will write the logs to gin.DefaultWriter.
-// By default gin.DefaultWriter = os.Stdout.
+// By default, gin.DefaultWriter = os.Stdout.
 func Logger() HandlerFunc {
 	return LoggerWithConfig(LoggerConfig{})
 }
diff --git a/mode.go b/mode.go
index c8813af..1fb994b 100644
--- a/mode.go
+++ b/mode.go
@@ -41,8 +41,10 @@ var DefaultWriter io.Writer = os.Stdout
 // DefaultErrorWriter is the default io.Writer used by Gin to debug errors
 var DefaultErrorWriter io.Writer = os.Stderr
 
-var ginMode = debugCode
-var modeName = DebugMode
+var (
+	ginMode  = debugCode
+	modeName = DebugMode
+)
 
 func init() {
 	mode := os.Getenv(EnvGinMode)
@@ -86,7 +88,7 @@ func EnableJsonDecoderDisallowUnknownFields() {
 	binding.EnableDecoderDisallowUnknownFields = true
 }
 
-// Mode returns currently gin mode.
+// Mode returns current gin mode.
 func Mode() string {
 	return modeName
 }
diff --git a/recovery.go b/recovery.go
index 563f5aa..40eba3b 100644
--- a/recovery.go
+++ b/recovery.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package gin
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"io/ioutil"
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ func Recovery() HandlerFunc {
 	return RecoveryWithWriter(DefaultErrorWriter)
 }
 
-//CustomRecovery returns a middleware that recovers from any panics and calls the provided handle func to handle it.
+// CustomRecovery returns a middleware that recovers from any panics and calls the provided handle func to handle it.
 func CustomRecovery(handle RecoveryFunc) HandlerFunc {
 	return RecoveryWithWriter(DefaultErrorWriter, handle)
 }
@@ -60,7 +61,8 @@ func CustomRecoveryWithWriter(out io.Writer, handle RecoveryFunc) HandlerFunc {
 				// condition that warrants a panic stack trace.
 				var brokenPipe bool
 				if ne, ok := err.(*net.OpError); ok {
-					if se, ok := ne.Err.(*os.SyscallError); ok {
+					var se *os.SyscallError
+					if errors.As(ne, &se) {
 						if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(se.Error()), "broken pipe") || strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(se.Error()), "connection reset by peer") {
 							brokenPipe = true
 						}
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@ func function(pc uintptr) []byte {
 	//	runtime/debug.*T·ptrmethod
 	// and want
 	//	*T.ptrmethod
-	// Also the package path might contains dot (e.g. code.google.com/...),
+	// Also the package path might contain dot (e.g. code.google.com/...),
 	// so first eliminate the path prefix
 	if lastSlash := bytes.LastIndex(name, slash); lastSlash >= 0 {
 		name = name[lastSlash+1:]
@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ func function(pc uintptr) []byte {
 	return name
 }
 
+// timeFormat returns a customized time string for logger.
 func timeFormat(t time.Time) string {
-	timeString := t.Format("2006/01/02 - 15:04:05")
-	return timeString
+	return t.Format("2006/01/02 - 15:04:05")
 }
diff --git a/render/json.go b/render/json.go
index e25415b..3ebcee9 100644
--- a/render/json.go
+++ b/render/json.go
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ type PureJSON struct {
 var (
 	jsonContentType      = []string{"application/json; charset=utf-8"}
 	jsonpContentType     = []string{"application/javascript; charset=utf-8"}
-	jsonAsciiContentType = []string{"application/json"}
+	jsonASCIIContentType = []string{"application/json"}
 )
 
 // Render (JSON) writes data with custom ContentType.
@@ -102,8 +102,7 @@ func (r SecureJSON) Render(w http.ResponseWriter) error {
 	// if the jsonBytes is array values
 	if bytes.HasPrefix(jsonBytes, bytesconv.StringToBytes("[")) && bytes.HasSuffix(jsonBytes,
 		bytesconv.StringToBytes("]")) {
-		_, err = w.Write(bytesconv.StringToBytes(r.Prefix))
-		if err != nil {
+		if _, err = w.Write(bytesconv.StringToBytes(r.Prefix)); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
@@ -130,20 +129,19 @@ func (r JsonpJSON) Render(w http.ResponseWriter) (err error) {
 	}
 
 	callback := template.JSEscapeString(r.Callback)
-	_, err = w.Write(bytesconv.StringToBytes(callback))
-	if err != nil {
+	if _, err = w.Write(bytesconv.StringToBytes(callback)); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	_, err = w.Write(bytesconv.StringToBytes("("))
-	if err != nil {
+
+	if _, err = w.Write(bytesconv.StringToBytes("(")); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	_, err = w.Write(ret)
-	if err != nil {
+
+	if _, err = w.Write(ret); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	_, err = w.Write(bytesconv.StringToBytes(");"))
-	if err != nil {
+
+	if _, err = w.Write(bytesconv.StringToBytes(");")); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -178,7 +176,7 @@ func (r AsciiJSON) Render(w http.ResponseWriter) (err error) {
 
 // WriteContentType (AsciiJSON) writes JSON ContentType.
 func (r AsciiJSON) WriteContentType(w http.ResponseWriter) {
-	writeContentType(w, jsonAsciiContentType)
+	writeContentType(w, jsonASCIIContentType)
 }
 
 // Render (PureJSON) writes custom ContentType and encodes the given interface object.
diff --git a/render/msgpack.go b/render/msgpack.go
index 6ef5b6e..7f17ca4 100644
--- a/render/msgpack.go
+++ b/render/msgpack.go
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ugorji/go/codec"
 )
 
+// Check interface implemented here to support go build tag nomsgpack.
+// See: https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/pull/1852/
 var (
 	_ Render = MsgPack{}
 )
diff --git a/render/protobuf.go b/render/protobuf.go
index 15aca99..1d2aa87 100644
--- a/render/protobuf.go
+++ b/render/protobuf.go
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ package render
 import (
 	"net/http"
 
-	"github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )
 
 // ProtoBuf contains the given interface object.
diff --git a/routergroup.go b/routergroup.go
index 6f14bf5..3fba3a9 100644
--- a/routergroup.go
+++ b/routergroup.go
@@ -12,8 +12,15 @@ import (
 )
 
 var (
-	// reg match english letters for http method name
+	// regEnLetter matches english letters for http method name
 	regEnLetter = regexp.MustCompile("^[A-Z]+$")
+
+	// anyMethods for RouterGroup Any method
+	anyMethods = []string{
+		http.MethodGet, http.MethodPost, http.MethodPut, http.MethodPatch,
+		http.MethodHead, http.MethodOptions, http.MethodDelete, http.MethodConnect,
+		http.MethodTrace,
+	}
 )
 
 // IRouter defines all router handle interface includes single and group router.
@@ -37,6 +44,7 @@ type IRoutes interface {
 	HEAD(string, ...HandlerFunc) IRoutes
 
 	StaticFile(string, string) IRoutes
+	StaticFileFS(string, string, http.FileSystem) IRoutes
 	Static(string, string) IRoutes
 	StaticFS(string, http.FileSystem) IRoutes
 }
@@ -136,27 +144,34 @@ func (group *RouterGroup) HEAD(relativePath string, handlers ...HandlerFunc) IRo
 // Any registers a route that matches all the HTTP methods.
 // GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, HEAD, OPTIONS, DELETE, CONNECT, TRACE.
 func (group *RouterGroup) Any(relativePath string, handlers ...HandlerFunc) IRoutes {
-	group.handle(http.MethodGet, relativePath, handlers)
-	group.handle(http.MethodPost, relativePath, handlers)
-	group.handle(http.MethodPut, relativePath, handlers)
-	group.handle(http.MethodPatch, relativePath, handlers)
-	group.handle(http.MethodHead, relativePath, handlers)
-	group.handle(http.MethodOptions, relativePath, handlers)
-	group.handle(http.MethodDelete, relativePath, handlers)
-	group.handle(http.MethodConnect, relativePath, handlers)
-	group.handle(http.MethodTrace, relativePath, handlers)
+	for _, method := range anyMethods {
+		group.handle(method, relativePath, handlers)
+	}
+
 	return group.returnObj()
 }
 
 // StaticFile registers a single route in order to serve a single file of the local filesystem.
 // router.StaticFile("favicon.ico", "./resources/favicon.ico")
 func (group *RouterGroup) StaticFile(relativePath, filepath string) IRoutes {
+	return group.staticFileHandler(relativePath, func(c *Context) {
+		c.File(filepath)
+	})
+}
+
+// StaticFileFS works just like `StaticFile` but a custom `http.FileSystem` can be used instead..
+// router.StaticFileFS("favicon.ico", "./resources/favicon.ico", Dir{".", false})
+// Gin by default user: gin.Dir()
+func (group *RouterGroup) StaticFileFS(relativePath, filepath string, fs http.FileSystem) IRoutes {
+	return group.staticFileHandler(relativePath, func(c *Context) {
+		c.FileFromFS(filepath, fs)
+	})
+}
+
+func (group *RouterGroup) staticFileHandler(relativePath string, handler HandlerFunc) IRoutes {
 	if strings.Contains(relativePath, ":") || strings.Contains(relativePath, "*") {
 		panic("URL parameters can not be used when serving a static file")
 	}
-	handler := func(c *Context) {
-		c.File(filepath)
-	}
 	group.GET(relativePath, handler)
 	group.HEAD(relativePath, handler)
 	return group.returnObj()
@@ -214,9 +229,7 @@ func (group *RouterGroup) createStaticHandler(relativePath string, fs http.FileS
 
 func (group *RouterGroup) combineHandlers(handlers HandlersChain) HandlersChain {
 	finalSize := len(group.Handlers) + len(handlers)
-	if finalSize >= int(abortIndex) {
-		panic("too many handlers")
-	}
+	assert1(finalSize < int(abortIndex), "too many handlers")
 	mergedHandlers := make(HandlersChain, finalSize)
 	copy(mergedHandlers, group.Handlers)
 	copy(mergedHandlers[len(group.Handlers):], handlers)
diff --git a/tree.go b/tree.go
index 0d082d0..18e50ee 100644
--- a/tree.go
+++ b/tree.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 var (
 	strColon = []byte(":")
 	strStar  = []byte("*")
+	strSlash = []byte("/")
 )
 
 // Param is a single URL parameter, consisting of a key and a value.
@@ -30,8 +31,8 @@ type Param struct {
 // It is therefore safe to read values by the index.
 type Params []Param
 
-// Get returns the value of the first Param which key matches the given name.
-// If no matching Param is found, an empty string is returned.
+// Get returns the value of the first Param which key matches the given name and a boolean true.
+// If no matching Param is found, an empty string is returned and a boolean false .
 func (ps Params) Get(name string) (string, bool) {
 	for _, entry := range ps {
 		if entry.Key == name {
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ func longestCommonPrefix(a, b string) int {
 	return i
 }
 
-// addChild will add a child node, keeping wildcards at the end
+// addChild will add a child node, keeping wildcardChild at the end
 func (n *node) addChild(child *node) {
 	if n.wildChild && len(n.children) > 0 {
 		wildcardChild := n.children[len(n.children)-1]
@@ -98,11 +99,15 @@ func countParams(path string) uint16 {
 	return n
 }
 
+func countSections(path string) uint16 {
+	s := bytesconv.StringToBytes(path)
+	return uint16(bytes.Count(s, strSlash))
+}
+
 type nodeType uint8
 
 const (
-	static nodeType = iota // default
-	root
+	root nodeType = iota + 1
 	param
 	catchAll
 )
@@ -118,11 +123,6 @@ type node struct {
 	fullPath  string
 }
 
-type skip struct {
-	path      string
-	paramNode *node
-}
-
 // Increments priority of the given child and reorders if necessary
 func (n *node) incrementChildPrio(pos int) int {
 	cs := n.children
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ func (n *node) insertChild(path string, fullPath string, handlers HandlersChain)
 			break
 		}
 
-		// The wildcard name must not contain ':' and '*'
+		// The wildcard name must only contain one ':' or '*' character
 		if !valid {
 			panic("only one wildcard per path segment is allowed, has: '" +
 				wildcard + "' in path '" + fullPath + "'")
@@ -349,7 +349,12 @@ func (n *node) insertChild(path string, fullPath string, handlers HandlersChain)
 		}
 
 		if len(n.path) > 0 && n.path[len(n.path)-1] == '/' {
-			panic("catch-all conflicts with existing handle for the path segment root in path '" + fullPath + "'")
+			pathSeg := strings.SplitN(n.children[0].path, "/", 2)[0]
+			panic("catch-all wildcard '" + path +
+				"' in new path '" + fullPath +
+				"' conflicts with existing path segment '" + pathSeg +
+				"' in existing prefix '" + n.path + pathSeg +
+				"'")
 		}
 
 		// currently fixed width 1 for '/'
@@ -399,13 +404,19 @@ type nodeValue struct {
 	fullPath string
 }
 
+type skippedNode struct {
+	path        string
+	node        *node
+	paramsCount int16
+}
+
 // Returns the handle registered with the given path (key). The values of
 // wildcards are saved to a map.
 // If no handle can be found, a TSR (trailing slash redirect) recommendation is
 // made if a handle exists with an extra (without the) trailing slash for the
 // given path.
-func (n *node) getValue(path string, params *Params, unescape bool) (value nodeValue) {
-	var skipped *skip
+func (n *node) getValue(path string, params *Params, skippedNodes *[]skippedNode, unescape bool) (value nodeValue) {
+	var globalParamsCount int16
 
 walk: // Outer loop for walking the tree
 	for {
@@ -418,10 +429,13 @@ walk: // Outer loop for walking the tree
 				idxc := path[0]
 				for i, c := range []byte(n.indices) {
 					if c == idxc {
-						if strings.HasPrefix(n.children[len(n.children)-1].path, ":") {
-							skipped = &skip{
+						//  strings.HasPrefix(n.children[len(n.children)-1].path, ":") == n.wildChild
+						if n.wildChild {
+							index := len(*skippedNodes)
+							*skippedNodes = (*skippedNodes)[:index+1]
+							(*skippedNodes)[index] = skippedNode{
 								path: prefix + path,
-								paramNode: &node{
+								node: &node{
 									path:      n.path,
 									wildChild: n.wildChild,
 									nType:     n.nType,
@@ -430,6 +444,7 @@ walk: // Outer loop for walking the tree
 									handlers:  n.handlers,
 									fullPath:  n.fullPath,
 								},
+								paramsCount: globalParamsCount,
 							}
 						}
 
@@ -438,20 +453,41 @@ walk: // Outer loop for walking the tree
 					}
 				}
 
-				// If there is no wildcard pattern, recommend a redirection
 				if !n.wildChild {
+					// If the path at the end of the loop is not equal to '/' and the current node has no child nodes
+					// the current node needs to roll back to last vaild skippedNode
+					if path != "/" {
+						for l := len(*skippedNodes); l > 0; {
+							skippedNode := (*skippedNodes)[l-1]
+							*skippedNodes = (*skippedNodes)[:l-1]
+							if strings.HasSuffix(skippedNode.path, path) {
+								path = skippedNode.path
+								n = skippedNode.node
+								if value.params != nil {
+									*value.params = (*value.params)[:skippedNode.paramsCount]
+								}
+								globalParamsCount = skippedNode.paramsCount
+								continue walk
+							}
+						}
+					}
+
 					// Nothing found.
 					// We can recommend to redirect to the same URL without a
 					// trailing slash if a leaf exists for that path.
-					value.tsr = (path == "/" && n.handlers != nil)
+					value.tsr = path == "/" && n.handlers != nil
 					return
 				}
 
 				// Handle wildcard child, which is always at the end of the array
 				n = n.children[len(n.children)-1]
+				globalParamsCount++
 
 				switch n.nType {
 				case param:
+					// fix truncate the parameter
+					// tree_test.go  line: 204
+
 					// Find param end (either '/' or path end)
 					end := 0
 					for end < len(path) && path[end] != '/' {
@@ -459,7 +495,7 @@ walk: // Outer loop for walking the tree
 					}
 
 					// Save param value
-					if params != nil {
+					if params != nil && cap(*params) > 0 {
 						if value.params == nil {
 							value.params = params
 						}
@@ -487,7 +523,7 @@ walk: // Outer loop for walking the tree
 						}
 
 						// ... but we can't
-						value.tsr = (len(path) == end+1)
+						value.tsr = len(path) == end+1
 						return
 					}
 
@@ -499,7 +535,7 @@ walk: // Outer loop for walking the tree
 						// No handle found. Check if a handle for this path + a
 						// trailing slash exists for TSR recommendation
 						n = n.children[0]
-						value.tsr = (n.path == "/" && n.handlers != nil)
+						value.tsr = (n.path == "/" && n.handlers != nil) || (n.path == "" && n.indices == "/")
 					}
 					return
 
@@ -535,6 +571,24 @@ walk: // Outer loop for walking the tree
 		}
 
 		if path == prefix {
+			// If the current path does not equal '/' and the node does not have a registered handle and the most recently matched node has a child node
+			// the current node needs to roll back to last vaild skippedNode
+			if n.handlers == nil && path != "/" {
+				for l := len(*skippedNodes); l > 0; {
+					skippedNode := (*skippedNodes)[l-1]
+					*skippedNodes = (*skippedNodes)[:l-1]
+					if strings.HasSuffix(skippedNode.path, path) {
+						path = skippedNode.path
+						n = skippedNode.node
+						if value.params != nil {
+							*value.params = (*value.params)[:skippedNode.paramsCount]
+						}
+						globalParamsCount = skippedNode.paramsCount
+						continue walk
+					}
+				}
+				//	n = latestNode.children[len(latestNode.children)-1]
+			}
 			// We should have reached the node containing the handle.
 			// Check if this node has a handle registered.
 			if value.handlers = n.handlers; value.handlers != nil {
@@ -564,18 +618,29 @@ walk: // Outer loop for walking the tree
 			return
 		}
 
-		if path != "/" && skipped != nil && strings.HasSuffix(skipped.path, path) {
-			path = skipped.path
-			n = skipped.paramNode
-			skipped = nil
-			continue walk
-		}
-
 		// Nothing found. We can recommend to redirect to the same URL with an
 		// extra trailing slash if a leaf exists for that path
-		value.tsr = (path == "/") ||
+		value.tsr = path == "/" ||
 			(len(prefix) == len(path)+1 && prefix[len(path)] == '/' &&
 				path == prefix[:len(prefix)-1] && n.handlers != nil)
+
+		// roll back to last valid skippedNode
+		if !value.tsr && path != "/" {
+			for l := len(*skippedNodes); l > 0; {
+				skippedNode := (*skippedNodes)[l-1]
+				*skippedNodes = (*skippedNodes)[:l-1]
+				if strings.HasSuffix(skippedNode.path, path) {
+					path = skippedNode.path
+					n = skippedNode.node
+					if value.params != nil {
+						*value.params = (*value.params)[:skippedNode.paramsCount]
+					}
+					globalParamsCount = skippedNode.paramsCount
+					continue walk
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
 		return
 	}
 }
diff --git a/utils.go b/utils.go
index c32f0ee..e4599ea 100644
--- a/utils.go
+++ b/utils.go
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"reflect"
 	"runtime"
 	"strings"
+	"unicode"
 )
 
 // BindKey indicates a default bind key.
@@ -151,3 +152,13 @@ func resolveAddress(addr []string) string {
 		panic("too many parameters")
 	}
 }
+
+// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53069040/checking-a-string-contains-only-ascii-characters
+func isASCII(s string) bool {
+	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
+		if s[i] > unicode.MaxASCII {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
diff --git a/version.go b/version.go
index a80ab69..4b69b9b 100644
--- a/version.go
+++ b/version.go
@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@
 package gin
 
 // Version is the current gin framework's version.
-const Version = "v1.7.2"
+const Version = "v1.7.7"


Test patch:
diff --git a/binding/binding_test.go b/binding/binding_test.go
index 1733617..5b0ce39 100644
--- a/binding/binding_test.go
+++ b/binding/binding_test.go
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/testdata/protoexample"
-	"github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )
 
 type appkey struct {
@@ -832,7 +832,6 @@ func testFormBindingEmbeddedStruct(t *testing.T, method, path, badPath, body, ba
 	assert.Equal(t, 1, obj.Page)
 	assert.Equal(t, 2, obj.Size)
 	assert.Equal(t, "test-appkey", obj.Appkey)
-
 }
 
 func testFormBinding(t *testing.T, method, path, badPath, body, badBody string) {
@@ -1340,6 +1339,13 @@ func testProtoBodyBindingFail(t *testing.T, b Binding, name, path, badPath, body
 	err := b.Bind(req, &obj)
 	assert.Error(t, err)
 
+	invalid_obj := FooStruct{}
+	req.Body = ioutil.NopCloser(strings.NewReader(`{"msg":"hello"}`))
+	req.Header.Add("Content-Type", MIMEPROTOBUF)
+	err = b.Bind(req, &invalid_obj)
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, err.Error(), "obj is not ProtoMessage")
+
 	obj = protoexample.Test{}
 	req = requestWithBody("POST", badPath, badBody)
 	req.Header.Add("Content-Type", MIMEPROTOBUF)
diff --git a/binding/default_validator_benchmark_test.go b/binding/default_validator_benchmark_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d62836
--- /dev/null
+++ b/binding/default_validator_benchmark_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package binding
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"strconv"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func BenchmarkSliceValidationError(b *testing.B) {
+	const size int = 100
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		e := make(SliceValidationError, size)
+		for j := 0; j < size; j++ {
+			e[j] = errors.New(strconv.Itoa(j))
+		}
+		if len(e.Error()) == 0 {
+			b.Errorf("error")
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/binding/default_validator_test.go b/binding/default_validator_test.go
index e9c6de4..ff13010 100644
--- a/binding/default_validator_test.go
+++ b/binding/default_validator_test.go
@@ -9,18 +9,38 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 )
 
-func TestSliceValidateError(t *testing.T) {
+func TestSliceValidationError(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		name string
-		err  sliceValidateError
+		err  SliceValidationError
 		want string
 	}{
-		{"has nil elements", sliceValidateError{errors.New("test error"), nil}, "[0]: test error"},
+		{"has nil elements", SliceValidationError{errors.New("test error"), nil}, "[0]: test error"},
+		{"has zero elements", SliceValidationError{}, ""},
+		{"has one element", SliceValidationError{errors.New("test one error")}, "[0]: test one error"},
+		{"has two elements",
+			SliceValidationError{
+				errors.New("first error"),
+				errors.New("second error"),
+			},
+			"[0]: first error\n[1]: second error",
+		},
+		{"has many elements",
+			SliceValidationError{
+				errors.New("first error"),
+				errors.New("second error"),
+				nil,
+				nil,
+				nil,
+				errors.New("last error"),
+			},
+			"[0]: first error\n[1]: second error\n[5]: last error",
+		},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			if got := tt.err.Error(); got != tt.want {
-				t.Errorf("sliceValidateError.Error() = %v, want %v", got, tt.want)
+				t.Errorf("SliceValidationError.Error() = %v, want %v", got, tt.want)
 			}
 		})
 	}
diff --git a/binding/form_mapping_test.go b/binding/form_mapping_test.go
index 2675d46..516554e 100644
--- a/binding/form_mapping_test.go
+++ b/binding/form_mapping_test.go
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ func TestMappingURI(t *testing.T) {
 	var s struct {
 		F int `uri:"field"`
 	}
-	err := mapUri(&s, map[string][]string{"field": {"6"}})
+	err := mapURI(&s, map[string][]string{"field": {"6"}})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, int(6), s.F)
 }
@@ -145,6 +145,15 @@ func TestMappingForm(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, int(6), s.F)
 }
 
+func TestMapFormWithTag(t *testing.T) {
+	var s struct {
+		F int `externalTag:"field"`
+	}
+	err := MapFormWithTag(&s, map[string][]string{"field": {"6"}}, "externalTag")
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, int(6), s.F)
+}
+
 func TestMappingTime(t *testing.T) {
 	var s struct {
 		Time      time.Time
diff --git a/context_1.16_test.go b/context_1.16_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..053e6c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/context_1.16_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Copyright 2021 Gin Core Team.  All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a MIT style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+//go:build !go1.17
+// +build !go1.17
+
+package gin
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"mime/multipart"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestContextFormFileFailed16(t *testing.T) {
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	mw := multipart.NewWriter(buf)
+	mw.Close()
+	c, _ := CreateTestContext(httptest.NewRecorder())
+	c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("POST", "/", nil)
+	c.Request.Header.Set("Content-Type", mw.FormDataContentType())
+	c.engine.MaxMultipartMemory = 8 << 20
+	f, err := c.FormFile("file")
+	assert.Error(t, err)
+	assert.Nil(t, f)
+}
diff --git a/context_1.17_test.go b/context_1.17_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..431d54c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/context_1.17_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// Copyright 2021 Gin Core Team.  All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a MIT style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+//go:build go1.17
+// +build go1.17
+
+package gin
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"mime/multipart"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+func TestContextFormFileFailed17(t *testing.T) {
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	mw := multipart.NewWriter(buf)
+	mw.Close()
+	c, _ := CreateTestContext(httptest.NewRecorder())
+	c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("POST", "/", nil)
+	c.Request.Header.Set("Content-Type", mw.FormDataContentType())
+	c.engine.MaxMultipartMemory = 8 << 20
+	assert.Panics(t, func() {
+		f, err := c.FormFile("file")
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Nil(t, f)
+	})
+}
diff --git a/context_test.go b/context_test.go
index e0de717..4eed164 100644
--- a/context_test.go
+++ b/context_test.go
@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ import (
 	"html/template"
 	"io"
 	"mime/multipart"
+	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
@@ -23,10 +25,9 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/gin-contrib/sse"
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/binding"
-	"github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-
 	testdata "github.com/gin-gonic/gin/testdata/protoexample"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )
 
 var _ context.Context = &Context{}
@@ -87,19 +88,6 @@ func TestContextFormFile(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, c.SaveUploadedFile(f, "test"))
 }
 
-func TestContextFormFileFailed(t *testing.T) {
-	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	mw := multipart.NewWriter(buf)
-	mw.Close()
-	c, _ := CreateTestContext(httptest.NewRecorder())
-	c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("POST", "/", nil)
-	c.Request.Header.Set("Content-Type", mw.FormDataContentType())
-	c.engine.MaxMultipartMemory = 8 << 20
-	f, err := c.FormFile("file")
-	assert.Error(t, err)
-	assert.Nil(t, f)
-}
-
 func TestContextMultipartForm(t *testing.T) {
 	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
 	mw := multipart.NewWriter(buf)
@@ -234,7 +222,6 @@ func TestContextSetGetValues(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Exactly(t, c.MustGet("float32").(float32), float32(4.2))
 	assert.Exactly(t, c.MustGet("float64").(float64), 4.2)
 	assert.Exactly(t, c.MustGet("intInterface").(int), 1)
-
 }
 
 func TestContextGetString(t *testing.T) {
@@ -300,7 +287,7 @@ func TestContextGetStringSlice(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestContextGetStringMap(t *testing.T) {
 	c, _ := CreateTestContext(httptest.NewRecorder())
-	var m = make(map[string]interface{})
+	m := make(map[string]interface{})
 	m["foo"] = 1
 	c.Set("map", m)
 
@@ -310,7 +297,7 @@ func TestContextGetStringMap(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestContextGetStringMapString(t *testing.T) {
 	c, _ := CreateTestContext(httptest.NewRecorder())
-	var m = make(map[string]string)
+	m := make(map[string]string)
 	m["foo"] = "bar"
 	c.Set("map", m)
 
@@ -320,7 +307,7 @@ func TestContextGetStringMapString(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestContextGetStringMapStringSlice(t *testing.T) {
 	c, _ := CreateTestContext(httptest.NewRecorder())
-	var m = make(map[string][]string)
+	m := make(map[string][]string)
 	m["foo"] = []string{"foo"}
 	c.Set("map", m)
 
@@ -369,15 +356,12 @@ func TestContextHandlerNames(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func handlerNameTest(c *Context) {
-
 }
 
 func handlerNameTest2(c *Context) {
-
 }
 
 var handlerTest HandlerFunc = func(c *Context) {
-
 }
 
 func TestContextHandler(t *testing.T) {
@@ -659,8 +643,7 @@ func TestContextBodyAllowedForStatus(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.True(t, true, bodyAllowedForStatus(http.StatusInternalServerError))
 }
 
-type TestPanicRender struct {
-}
+type TestPanicRender struct{}
 
 func (*TestPanicRender) Render(http.ResponseWriter) error {
 	return errors.New("TestPanicRender")
@@ -1051,6 +1034,19 @@ func TestContextRenderAttachment(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, fmt.Sprintf("attachment; filename=\"%s\"", newFilename), w.Header().Get("Content-Disposition"))
 }
 
+func TestContextRenderUTF8Attachment(t *testing.T) {
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	c, _ := CreateTestContext(w)
+	newFilename := "new🧡_filename.go"
+
+	c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil)
+	c.FileAttachment("./gin.go", newFilename)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
+	assert.Contains(t, w.Body.String(), "func New() *Engine {")
+	assert.Equal(t, `attachment; filename*=UTF-8''`+url.QueryEscape(newFilename), w.Header().Get("Content-Disposition"))
+}
+
 // TestContextRenderYAML tests that the response is serialized as YAML
 // and Content-Type is set to application/x-yaml
 func TestContextRenderYAML(t *testing.T) {
@@ -1329,7 +1325,7 @@ func TestContextAbortWithStatusJSON(t *testing.T) {
 	_, err := buf.ReadFrom(w.Body)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	jsonStringBody := buf.String()
-	assert.Equal(t, fmt.Sprint("{\"foo\":\"fooValue\",\"bar\":\"barValue\"}"), jsonStringBody)
+	assert.Equal(t, "{\"foo\":\"fooValue\",\"bar\":\"barValue\"}", jsonStringBody)
 }
 
 func TestContextError(t *testing.T) {
@@ -1410,7 +1406,7 @@ func TestContextClientIP(t *testing.T) {
 
 	c.Request.Header.Del("X-Forwarded-For")
 	c.Request.Header.Del("X-Real-IP")
-	c.engine.AppEngine = true
+	c.engine.TrustedPlatform = PlatformGoogleAppEngine
 	assert.Equal(t, "50.50.50.50", c.ClientIP())
 
 	c.Request.Header.Del("X-Appengine-Remote-Addr")
@@ -1423,18 +1419,27 @@ func TestContextClientIP(t *testing.T) {
 	// Tests exercising the TrustedProxies functionality
 	resetContextForClientIPTests(c)
 
+	// IPv6 support
+	c.Request.RemoteAddr = "[::1]:12345"
+	assert.Equal(t, "20.20.20.20", c.ClientIP())
+
+	resetContextForClientIPTests(c)
 	// No trusted proxies
 	_ = c.engine.SetTrustedProxies([]string{})
 	c.engine.RemoteIPHeaders = []string{"X-Forwarded-For"}
 	assert.Equal(t, "40.40.40.40", c.ClientIP())
 
+	// Disabled TrustedProxies feature
+	_ = c.engine.SetTrustedProxies(nil)
+	assert.Equal(t, "40.40.40.40", c.ClientIP())
+
 	// Last proxy is trusted, but the RemoteAddr is not
 	_ = c.engine.SetTrustedProxies([]string{"30.30.30.30"})
 	assert.Equal(t, "40.40.40.40", c.ClientIP())
 
 	// Only trust RemoteAddr
 	_ = c.engine.SetTrustedProxies([]string{"40.40.40.40"})
-	assert.Equal(t, "20.20.20.20", c.ClientIP())
+	assert.Equal(t, "30.30.30.30", c.ClientIP())
 
 	// All steps are trusted
 	_ = c.engine.SetTrustedProxies([]string{"40.40.40.40", "30.30.30.30", "20.20.20.20"})
@@ -1470,19 +1475,39 @@ func TestContextClientIP(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, "10.10.10.10", c.ClientIP())
 
 	c.engine.RemoteIPHeaders = []string{}
+	c.engine.TrustedPlatform = PlatformGoogleAppEngine
+	assert.Equal(t, "50.50.50.50", c.ClientIP())
+
+	// Use custom TrustedPlatform header
+	c.engine.TrustedPlatform = "X-CDN-IP"
+	c.Request.Header.Set("X-CDN-IP", "80.80.80.80")
+	assert.Equal(t, "80.80.80.80", c.ClientIP())
+	// wrong header
+	c.engine.TrustedPlatform = "X-Wrong-Header"
+	assert.Equal(t, "40.40.40.40", c.ClientIP())
+
+	c.Request.Header.Del("X-CDN-IP")
+	// TrustedPlatform is empty
+	c.engine.TrustedPlatform = ""
+	assert.Equal(t, "40.40.40.40", c.ClientIP())
+
+	// Test the legacy flag
 	c.engine.AppEngine = true
 	assert.Equal(t, "50.50.50.50", c.ClientIP())
+	c.engine.AppEngine = false
+	c.engine.TrustedPlatform = PlatformGoogleAppEngine
 
 	c.Request.Header.Del("X-Appengine-Remote-Addr")
 	assert.Equal(t, "40.40.40.40", c.ClientIP())
 
-	c.engine.AppEngine = false
-	c.engine.CloudflareProxy = true
+	c.engine.TrustedPlatform = PlatformCloudflare
 	assert.Equal(t, "60.60.60.60", c.ClientIP())
 
 	c.Request.Header.Del("CF-Connecting-IP")
 	assert.Equal(t, "40.40.40.40", c.ClientIP())
 
+	c.engine.TrustedPlatform = ""
+
 	// no port
 	c.Request.RemoteAddr = "50.50.50.50"
 	assert.Empty(t, c.ClientIP())
@@ -1494,6 +1519,8 @@ func resetContextForClientIPTests(c *Context) {
 	c.Request.Header.Set("X-Appengine-Remote-Addr", "50.50.50.50")
 	c.Request.Header.Set("CF-Connecting-IP", "60.60.60.60")
 	c.Request.RemoteAddr = "  40.40.40.40:42123 "
+	c.engine.TrustedPlatform = ""
+	c.engine.trustedCIDRs = defaultTrustedCIDRs
 	c.engine.AppEngine = false
 }
 
@@ -1536,6 +1563,7 @@ func TestContextBindWithJSON(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, "bar", obj.Foo)
 	assert.Equal(t, 0, w.Body.Len())
 }
+
 func TestContextBindWithXML(t *testing.T) {
 	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
 	c, _ := CreateTestContext(w)
@@ -2022,8 +2050,8 @@ func TestRaceParamsContextCopy(t *testing.T) {
 			}(c.Copy(), c.Param("name"))
 		})
 	}
-	performRequest(router, "GET", "/name1/api")
-	performRequest(router, "GET", "/name2/api")
+	PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/name1/api")
+	PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/name2/api")
 	wg.Wait()
 }
 
@@ -2044,7 +2072,116 @@ func TestRemoteIPFail(t *testing.T) {
 	c, _ := CreateTestContext(httptest.NewRecorder())
 	c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("POST", "/", nil)
 	c.Request.RemoteAddr = "[:::]:80"
-	ip, trust := c.RemoteIP()
+	ip := net.ParseIP(c.RemoteIP())
+	trust := c.engine.isTrustedProxy(ip)
 	assert.Nil(t, ip)
 	assert.False(t, trust)
 }
+
+func TestContextWithFallbackDeadlineFromRequestContext(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Context{}
+	deadline, ok := c.Deadline()
+	assert.Zero(t, deadline)
+	assert.False(t, ok)
+
+	c2 := &Context{}
+	c2.Request, _ = http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/", nil)
+	d := time.Now().Add(time.Second)
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithDeadline(context.Background(), d)
+	defer cancel()
+	c2.Request = c2.Request.WithContext(ctx)
+	deadline, ok = c2.Deadline()
+	assert.Equal(t, d, deadline)
+	assert.True(t, ok)
+}
+
+func TestContextWithFallbackDoneFromRequestContext(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Context{}
+	assert.Nil(t, c.Done())
+
+	c2 := &Context{}
+	c2.Request, _ = http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/", nil)
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	c2.Request = c2.Request.WithContext(ctx)
+	cancel()
+	assert.NotNil(t, <-c2.Done())
+}
+
+func TestContextWithFallbackErrFromRequestContext(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Context{}
+	assert.Nil(t, c.Err())
+
+	c2 := &Context{}
+	c2.Request, _ = http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/", nil)
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	c2.Request = c2.Request.WithContext(ctx)
+	cancel()
+
+	assert.EqualError(t, c2.Err(), context.Canceled.Error())
+}
+
+type contextKey string
+
+func TestContextWithFallbackValueFromRequestContext(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name             string
+		getContextAndKey func() (*Context, interface{})
+		value            interface{}
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "c with struct context key",
+			getContextAndKey: func() (*Context, interface{}) {
+				var key struct{}
+				c := &Context{}
+				c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("POST", "/", nil)
+				c.Request = c.Request.WithContext(context.WithValue(context.TODO(), key, "value"))
+				return c, key
+			},
+			value: "value",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "c with string context key",
+			getContextAndKey: func() (*Context, interface{}) {
+				c := &Context{}
+				c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("POST", "/", nil)
+				c.Request = c.Request.WithContext(context.WithValue(context.TODO(), contextKey("key"), "value"))
+				return c, contextKey("key")
+			},
+			value: "value",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "c with nil http.Request",
+			getContextAndKey: func() (*Context, interface{}) {
+				c := &Context{}
+				return c, "key"
+			},
+			value: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "c with nil http.Request.Context()",
+			getContextAndKey: func() (*Context, interface{}) {
+				c := &Context{}
+				c.Request, _ = http.NewRequest("POST", "/", nil)
+				return c, "key"
+			},
+			value: nil,
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			c, key := tt.getContextAndKey()
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.value, c.Value(key))
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestContextAddParam(t *testing.T) {
+	c := &Context{}
+	id := "id"
+	value := "1"
+	c.AddParam(id, value)
+
+	v, ok := c.Params.Get(id)
+	assert.Equal(t, ok, true)
+	assert.Equal(t, value, v)
+}
diff --git a/errors_test.go b/errors_test.go
index ee95ab3..9a17d85 100644
--- a/errors_test.go
+++ b/errors_test.go
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func (e TestErr) Error() string { return string(e) }
 // TestErrorUnwrap tests the behavior of gin.Error with "errors.Is()" and "errors.As()".
 // "errors.Is()" and "errors.As()" have been added to the standard library in go 1.13.
 func TestErrorUnwrap(t *testing.T) {
-	innerErr := TestErr("somme error")
+	innerErr := TestErr("some error")
 
 	// 2 layers of wrapping : use 'fmt.Errorf("%w")' to wrap a gin.Error{}, which itself wraps innerErr
 	err := fmt.Errorf("wrapped: %w", &Error{
diff --git a/gin_integration_test.go b/gin_integration_test.go
index 2eb2d52..8c22e7b 100644
--- a/gin_integration_test.go
+++ b/gin_integration_test.go
@@ -22,7 +22,15 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
 
-func testRequest(t *testing.T, url string) {
+// params[0]=url example:http://127.0.0.1:8080/index (cannot be empty)
+// params[1]=response status (custom compare status) default:"200 OK"
+// params[2]=response body (custom compare content)  default:"it worked"
+func testRequest(t *testing.T, params ...string) {
+
+	if len(params) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("url cannot be empty")
+	}
+
 	tr := &http.Transport{
 		TLSClientConfig: &tls.Config{
 			InsecureSkipVerify: true,
@@ -30,14 +38,27 @@ func testRequest(t *testing.T, url string) {
 	}
 	client := &http.Client{Transport: tr}
 
-	resp, err := client.Get(url)
+	resp, err := client.Get(params[0])
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	defer resp.Body.Close()
 
 	body, ioerr := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 	assert.NoError(t, ioerr)
-	assert.Equal(t, "it worked", string(body), "resp body should match")
-	assert.Equal(t, "200 OK", resp.Status, "should get a 200")
+
+	var responseStatus = "200 OK"
+	if len(params) > 1 && params[1] != "" {
+		responseStatus = params[1]
+	}
+
+	var responseBody = "it worked"
+	if len(params) > 2 && params[2] != "" {
+		responseBody = params[2]
+	}
+
+	assert.Equal(t, responseStatus, resp.Status, "should get a "+responseStatus)
+	if responseStatus == "200 OK" {
+		assert.Equal(t, responseBody, string(body), "resp body should match")
+	}
 }
 
 func TestRunEmpty(t *testing.T) {
@@ -55,6 +76,12 @@ func TestRunEmpty(t *testing.T) {
 	testRequest(t, "http://localhost:8080/example")
 }
 
+func TestBadTrustedCIDRs(t *testing.T) {
+	router := New()
+	assert.Error(t, router.SetTrustedProxies([]string{"hello/world"}))
+}
+
+/* legacy tests
 func TestBadTrustedCIDRsForRun(t *testing.T) {
 	os.Setenv("PORT", "")
 	router := New()
@@ -122,6 +149,7 @@ func TestBadTrustedCIDRsForRunTLS(t *testing.T) {
 	router.TrustedProxies = []string{"hello/world"}
 	assert.Error(t, router.RunTLS(":8080", "./testdata/certificate/cert.pem", "./testdata/certificate/key.pem"))
 }
+*/
 
 func TestRunTLS(t *testing.T) {
 	router := New()
@@ -373,3 +401,149 @@ func testGetRequestHandler(t *testing.T, h http.Handler, url string) {
 	assert.Equal(t, "it worked", w.Body.String(), "resp body should match")
 	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code, "should get a 200")
 }
+
+func TestTreeRunDynamicRouting(t *testing.T) {
+	router := New()
+	router.GET("/aa/*xx", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/aa/*xx") })
+	router.GET("/ab/*xx", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/ab/*xx") })
+	router.GET("/", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "home") })
+	router.GET("/:cc", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/:cc") })
+	router.GET("/c1/:dd/e", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/c1/:dd/e") })
+	router.GET("/c1/:dd/e1", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/c1/:dd/e1") })
+	router.GET("/c1/:dd/f1", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/c1/:dd/f1") })
+	router.GET("/c1/:dd/f2", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/c1/:dd/f2") })
+	router.GET("/:cc/cc", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/:cc/cc") })
+	router.GET("/:cc/:dd/ee", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/:cc/:dd/ee") })
+	router.GET("/:cc/:dd/f", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/:cc/:dd/f") })
+	router.GET("/:cc/:dd/:ee/ff", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/:cc/:dd/:ee/ff") })
+	router.GET("/:cc/:dd/:ee/:ff/gg", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/:cc/:dd/:ee/:ff/gg") })
+	router.GET("/:cc/:dd/:ee/:ff/:gg/hh", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/:cc/:dd/:ee/:ff/:gg/hh") })
+	router.GET("/get/test/abc/", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/test/abc/") })
+	router.GET("/get/:param/abc/", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/:param/abc/") })
+	router.GET("/something/:paramname/thirdthing", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/something/:paramname/thirdthing") })
+	router.GET("/something/secondthing/test", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/something/secondthing/test") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc") })
+	router.GET("/get/:param", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/:param") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123abc", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123abc") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/:param", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/:param") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123abc/xxx8", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123abc/:param", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123abc/:param") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/:param", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/:param") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/ffas", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/ffas") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/:param", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/:param") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/12c", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/12c") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/:param", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/:param") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/:param/test", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/:param/test") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123abd/:param", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123abd/:param") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123abddd/:param", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123abddd/:param") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123/:param", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123/:param") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123abg/:param", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123abg/:param") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123abf/:param", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123abf/:param") })
+	router.GET("/get/abc/123abfff/:param", func(c *Context) { c.String(http.StatusOK, "/get/abc/123abfff/:param") })
+
+	ts := httptest.NewServer(router)
+	defer ts.Close()
+
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/", "", "home")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/aa/aa", "", "/aa/*xx")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/ab/ab", "", "/ab/*xx")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/all", "", "/:cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/all/cc", "", "/:cc/cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/a/cc", "", "/:cc/cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/c1/d/e", "", "/c1/:dd/e")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/c1/d/e1", "", "/c1/:dd/e1")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/c1/d/ee", "", "/:cc/:dd/ee")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/c1/d/f", "", "/:cc/:dd/f")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/c/d/ee", "", "/:cc/:dd/ee")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/c/d/e/ff", "", "/:cc/:dd/:ee/ff")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/c/d/e/f/gg", "", "/:cc/:dd/:ee/:ff/gg")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/c/d/e/f/g/hh", "", "/:cc/:dd/:ee/:ff/:gg/hh")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/cc/dd/ee/ff/gg/hh", "", "/:cc/:dd/:ee/:ff/:gg/hh")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/a", "", "/:cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/d", "", "/:cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/ad", "", "/:cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/dd", "", "/:cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/aa", "", "/:cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/aaa", "", "/:cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/aaa/cc", "", "/:cc/cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/ab", "", "/:cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/abb", "", "/:cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/abb/cc", "", "/:cc/cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/dddaa", "", "/:cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/allxxxx", "", "/:cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/alldd", "", "/:cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/cc/cc", "", "/:cc/cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/ccc/cc", "", "/:cc/cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/deedwjfs/cc", "", "/:cc/cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/acllcc/cc", "", "/:cc/cc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/test/abc/", "", "/get/test/abc/")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/testaa/abc/", "", "/get/:param/abc/")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/te/abc/", "", "/get/:param/abc/")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/xx/abc/", "", "/get/:param/abc/")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/tt/abc/", "", "/get/:param/abc/")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/a/abc/", "", "/get/:param/abc/")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/t/abc/", "", "/get/:param/abc/")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/aa/abc/", "", "/get/:param/abc/")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abas/abc/", "", "/get/:param/abc/")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/something/secondthing/test", "", "/something/secondthing/test")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/something/secondthingaaaa/thirdthing", "", "/something/:paramname/thirdthing")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/something/abcdad/thirdthing", "", "/something/:paramname/thirdthing")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/something/se/thirdthing", "", "/something/:paramname/thirdthing")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/something/s/thirdthing", "", "/something/:paramname/thirdthing")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/something/secondthing/thirdthing", "", "/something/:paramname/thirdthing")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc", "", "/get/abc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/a", "", "/get/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abz", "", "/get/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/12a", "", "/get/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abcd", "", "/get/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc", "", "/get/abc/123abc")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/12", "", "/get/abc/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123ab", "", "/get/abc/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/xyz", "", "/get/abc/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abcddxx", "", "/get/abc/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/x", "", "/get/abc/123abc/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx", "", "/get/abc/123abc/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/abc", "", "/get/abc/123abc/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8xxas", "", "/get/abc/123abc/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/123", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/78k", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234xxxd", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/ffas", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/ffas")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/f", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/ffa", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kka", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/ffas321", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/12c", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/12c")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/1", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/12", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/12b", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/34", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/12c2e3", "", "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/12/test", "", "/get/abc/:param/test")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abdd/test", "", "/get/abc/:param/test")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abdddf/test", "", "/get/abc/:param/test")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123ab/test", "", "/get/abc/:param/test")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abgg/test", "", "/get/abc/:param/test")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abff/test", "", "/get/abc/:param/test")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abffff/test", "", "/get/abc/:param/test")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abd/test", "", "/get/abc/123abd/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abddd/test", "", "/get/abc/123abddd/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123/test22", "", "/get/abc/123/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abg/test", "", "/get/abc/123abg/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abf/testss", "", "/get/abc/123abf/:param")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/get/abc/123abfff/te", "", "/get/abc/123abfff/:param")
+	// 404 not found
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/c/d/e", "404 Not Found")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/c/d/e1", "404 Not Found")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/c/d/eee", "404 Not Found")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/c1/d/eee", "404 Not Found")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/c1/d/e2", "404 Not Found")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/cc/dd/ee/ff/gg/hh1", "404 Not Found")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/a/dd", "404 Not Found")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/addr/dd/aa", "404 Not Found")
+	testRequest(t, ts.URL+"/something/secondthing/121", "404 Not Found")
+}
diff --git a/gin_test.go b/gin_test.go
index 678d95f..ae1762e 100644
--- a/gin_test.go
+++ b/gin_test.go
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
 )
 
 func formatAsDate(t time.Time) string {
@@ -79,6 +80,44 @@ func TestLoadHTMLGlobDebugMode(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, "<h1>Hello world</h1>", string(resp))
 }
 
+func TestH2c(t *testing.T) {
+	ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println(err)
+	}
+	r := Default()
+	r.UseH2C = true
+	r.GET("/", func(c *Context) {
+		c.String(200, "<h1>Hello world</h1>")
+	})
+	go func() {
+		err := http.Serve(ln, r.Handler())
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Println(err)
+		}
+	}()
+	defer ln.Close()
+
+	url := "http://" + ln.Addr().String() + "/"
+
+	http := http.Client{
+		Transport: &http2.Transport{
+			AllowHTTP: true,
+			DialTLS: func(netw, addr string, cfg *tls.Config) (net.Conn, error) {
+				return net.Dial(netw, addr)
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	res, err := http.Get(url)
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println(err)
+	}
+
+	resp, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
+	assert.Equal(t, "<h1>Hello world</h1>", string(resp))
+}
+
 func TestLoadHTMLGlobTestMode(t *testing.T) {
 	ts := setupHTMLFiles(
 		t,
@@ -395,7 +434,6 @@ func TestNoMethodWithoutGlobalHandlers(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestRebuild404Handlers(t *testing.T) {
-
 }
 
 func TestNoMethodWithGlobalHandlers(t *testing.T) {
@@ -491,7 +529,7 @@ func TestEngineHandleContext(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
-		w := performRequest(r, "GET", "/")
+		w := PerformRequest(r, "GET", "/")
 		assert.Equal(t, 301, w.Code)
 	})
 }
@@ -524,7 +562,7 @@ func TestEngineHandleContextManyReEntries(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
-		w := performRequest(r, "GET", "/"+strconv.Itoa(expectValue-1)) // include 0 value
+		w := PerformRequest(r, "GET", "/"+strconv.Itoa(expectValue-1)) // include 0 value
 		assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
 		assert.Equal(t, expectValue, w.Body.Len())
 	})
@@ -539,19 +577,15 @@ func TestPrepareTrustedCIRDsWith(t *testing.T) {
 	// valid ipv4 cidr
 	{
 		expectedTrustedCIDRs := []*net.IPNet{parseCIDR("0.0.0.0/0")}
-		r.TrustedProxies = []string{"0.0.0.0/0"}
-
-		trustedCIDRs, err := r.prepareTrustedCIDRs()
+		err := r.SetTrustedProxies([]string{"0.0.0.0/0"})
 
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.Equal(t, expectedTrustedCIDRs, trustedCIDRs)
+		assert.Equal(t, expectedTrustedCIDRs, r.trustedCIDRs)
 	}
 
 	// invalid ipv4 cidr
 	{
-		r.TrustedProxies = []string{"192.168.1.33/33"}
-
-		_, err := r.prepareTrustedCIDRs()
+		err := r.SetTrustedProxies([]string{"192.168.1.33/33"})
 
 		assert.Error(t, err)
 	}
@@ -559,19 +593,16 @@ func TestPrepareTrustedCIRDsWith(t *testing.T) {
 	// valid ipv4 address
 	{
 		expectedTrustedCIDRs := []*net.IPNet{parseCIDR("192.168.1.33/32")}
-		r.TrustedProxies = []string{"192.168.1.33"}
 
-		trustedCIDRs, err := r.prepareTrustedCIDRs()
+		err := r.SetTrustedProxies([]string{"192.168.1.33"})
 
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.Equal(t, expectedTrustedCIDRs, trustedCIDRs)
+		assert.Equal(t, expectedTrustedCIDRs, r.trustedCIDRs)
 	}
 
 	// invalid ipv4 address
 	{
-		r.TrustedProxies = []string{"192.168.1.256"}
-
-		_, err := r.prepareTrustedCIDRs()
+		err := r.SetTrustedProxies([]string{"192.168.1.256"})
 
 		assert.Error(t, err)
 	}
@@ -579,19 +610,15 @@ func TestPrepareTrustedCIRDsWith(t *testing.T) {
 	// valid ipv6 address
 	{
 		expectedTrustedCIDRs := []*net.IPNet{parseCIDR("2002:0000:0000:1234:abcd:ffff:c0a8:0101/128")}
-		r.TrustedProxies = []string{"2002:0000:0000:1234:abcd:ffff:c0a8:0101"}
-
-		trustedCIDRs, err := r.prepareTrustedCIDRs()
+		err := r.SetTrustedProxies([]string{"2002:0000:0000:1234:abcd:ffff:c0a8:0101"})
 
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.Equal(t, expectedTrustedCIDRs, trustedCIDRs)
+		assert.Equal(t, expectedTrustedCIDRs, r.trustedCIDRs)
 	}
 
 	// invalid ipv6 address
 	{
-		r.TrustedProxies = []string{"gggg:0000:0000:1234:abcd:ffff:c0a8:0101"}
-
-		_, err := r.prepareTrustedCIDRs()
+		err := r.SetTrustedProxies([]string{"gggg:0000:0000:1234:abcd:ffff:c0a8:0101"})
 
 		assert.Error(t, err)
 	}
@@ -599,19 +626,15 @@ func TestPrepareTrustedCIRDsWith(t *testing.T) {
 	// valid ipv6 cidr
 	{
 		expectedTrustedCIDRs := []*net.IPNet{parseCIDR("::/0")}
-		r.TrustedProxies = []string{"::/0"}
-
-		trustedCIDRs, err := r.prepareTrustedCIDRs()
+		err := r.SetTrustedProxies([]string{"::/0"})
 
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.Equal(t, expectedTrustedCIDRs, trustedCIDRs)
+		assert.Equal(t, expectedTrustedCIDRs, r.trustedCIDRs)
 	}
 
 	// invalid ipv6 cidr
 	{
-		r.TrustedProxies = []string{"gggg:0000:0000:1234:abcd:ffff:c0a8:0101/129"}
-
-		_, err := r.prepareTrustedCIDRs()
+		err := r.SetTrustedProxies([]string{"gggg:0000:0000:1234:abcd:ffff:c0a8:0101/129"})
 
 		assert.Error(t, err)
 	}
@@ -623,39 +646,34 @@ func TestPrepareTrustedCIRDsWith(t *testing.T) {
 			parseCIDR("192.168.0.0/16"),
 			parseCIDR("172.16.0.1/32"),
 		}
-		r.TrustedProxies = []string{
+		err := r.SetTrustedProxies([]string{
 			"::/0",
 			"192.168.0.0/16",
 			"172.16.0.1",
-		}
-
-		trustedCIDRs, err := r.prepareTrustedCIDRs()
+		})
 
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.Equal(t, expectedTrustedCIDRs, trustedCIDRs)
+		assert.Equal(t, expectedTrustedCIDRs, r.trustedCIDRs)
 	}
 
 	// invalid combination
 	{
-		r.TrustedProxies = []string{
+		err := r.SetTrustedProxies([]string{
 			"::/0",
 			"192.168.0.0/16",
 			"172.16.0.256",
-		}
-		_, err := r.prepareTrustedCIDRs()
+		})
 
 		assert.Error(t, err)
 	}
 
 	// nil value
 	{
-		r.TrustedProxies = nil
-		trustedCIDRs, err := r.prepareTrustedCIDRs()
+		err := r.SetTrustedProxies(nil)
 
-		assert.Nil(t, trustedCIDRs)
+		assert.Nil(t, r.trustedCIDRs)
 		assert.Nil(t, err)
 	}
-
 }
 
 func parseCIDR(cidr string) *net.IPNet {
diff --git a/githubapi_test.go b/githubapi_test.go
index 3f440bc..e74bddd 100644
--- a/githubapi_test.go
+++ b/githubapi_test.go
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ func TestShouldBindUri(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	path, _ := exampleFromPath("/rest/:name/:id")
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, path)
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, path)
 	assert.Equal(t, "ShouldBindUri test OK", w.Body.String())
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 }
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ func TestBindUri(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	path, _ := exampleFromPath("/rest/:name/:id")
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, path)
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, path)
 	assert.Equal(t, "BindUri test OK", w.Body.String())
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 }
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ func TestBindUriError(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	path1, _ := exampleFromPath("/new/rest/:num")
-	w1 := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, path1)
+	w1 := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, path1)
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, w1.Code)
 }
 
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ func TestRaceContextCopy(t *testing.T) {
 		go readWriteKeys(c.Copy())
 		c.String(http.StatusOK, "run OK, no panics")
 	})
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/test/copy/race")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/test/copy/race")
 	assert.Equal(t, "run OK, no panics", w.Body.String())
 }
 
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ func TestGithubAPI(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, route := range githubAPI {
 		path, values := exampleFromPath(route.path)
-		w := performRequest(router, route.method, path)
+		w := PerformRequest(router, route.method, path)
 
 		// TEST
 		assert.Contains(t, w.Body.String(), "\"status\":\"good\"")
diff --git a/logger_test.go b/logger_test.go
index 80961ce..ec5e6cd 100644
--- a/logger_test.go
+++ b/logger_test.go
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func TestLogger(t *testing.T) {
 	router.HEAD("/example", func(c *Context) {})
 	router.OPTIONS("/example", func(c *Context) {})
 
-	performRequest(router, "GET", "/example?a=100")
+	PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/example?a=100")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "GET")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/example")
@@ -41,43 +41,43 @@ func TestLogger(t *testing.T) {
 	// like integration tests because they test the whole logging process rather
 	// than individual functions.  Im not sure where these should go.
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "POST", "/example")
+	PerformRequest(router, "POST", "/example")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "POST")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/example")
 
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "PUT", "/example")
+	PerformRequest(router, "PUT", "/example")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "PUT")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/example")
 
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "DELETE", "/example")
+	PerformRequest(router, "DELETE", "/example")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "DELETE")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/example")
 
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "PATCH", "/example")
+	PerformRequest(router, "PATCH", "/example")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "PATCH")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/example")
 
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "HEAD", "/example")
+	PerformRequest(router, "HEAD", "/example")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "HEAD")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/example")
 
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "OPTIONS", "/example")
+	PerformRequest(router, "OPTIONS", "/example")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "OPTIONS")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/example")
 
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "GET", "/notfound")
+	PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/notfound")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "404")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "GET")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/notfound")
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func TestLoggerWithConfig(t *testing.T) {
 	router.HEAD("/example", func(c *Context) {})
 	router.OPTIONS("/example", func(c *Context) {})
 
-	performRequest(router, "GET", "/example?a=100")
+	PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/example?a=100")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "GET")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/example")
@@ -105,43 +105,43 @@ func TestLoggerWithConfig(t *testing.T) {
 	// like integration tests because they test the whole logging process rather
 	// than individual functions.  Im not sure where these should go.
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "POST", "/example")
+	PerformRequest(router, "POST", "/example")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "POST")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/example")
 
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "PUT", "/example")
+	PerformRequest(router, "PUT", "/example")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "PUT")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/example")
 
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "DELETE", "/example")
+	PerformRequest(router, "DELETE", "/example")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "DELETE")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/example")
 
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "PATCH", "/example")
+	PerformRequest(router, "PATCH", "/example")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "PATCH")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/example")
 
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "HEAD", "/example")
+	PerformRequest(router, "HEAD", "/example")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "HEAD")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/example")
 
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "OPTIONS", "/example")
+	PerformRequest(router, "OPTIONS", "/example")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "OPTIONS")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/example")
 
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "GET", "/notfound")
+	PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/notfound")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "404")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "GET")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "/notfound")
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ func TestLoggerWithFormatter(t *testing.T) {
 		)
 	}))
 	router.GET("/example", func(c *Context) {})
-	performRequest(router, "GET", "/example?a=100")
+	PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/example?a=100")
 
 	// output test
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "[FORMATTER TEST]")
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ func TestLoggerWithConfigFormatting(t *testing.T) {
 		c.Request.Header.Set("X-Forwarded-For", "20.20.20.20")
 		gotKeys = c.Keys
 	})
-	performRequest(router, "GET", "/example?a=100")
+	PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/example?a=100")
 
 	// output test
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "[FORMATTER TEST]")
@@ -228,7 +228,6 @@ func TestLoggerWithConfigFormatting(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, "/example?a=100", gotParam.Path)
 	assert.Empty(t, gotParam.ErrorMessage)
 	assert.Equal(t, gotKeys, gotParam.Keys)
-
 }
 
 func TestDefaultLogFormatter(t *testing.T) {
@@ -282,7 +281,6 @@ func TestDefaultLogFormatter(t *testing.T) {
 
 	assert.Equal(t, "[GIN] 2018/12/07 - 09:11:42 |\x1b[97;42m 200 \x1b[0m|            5s |     20.20.20.20 |\x1b[97;44m GET     \x1b[0m \"/\"\n", defaultLogFormatter(termTrueParam))
 	assert.Equal(t, "[GIN] 2018/12/07 - 09:11:42 |\x1b[97;42m 200 \x1b[0m|    2743h29m3s |     20.20.20.20 |\x1b[97;44m GET     \x1b[0m \"/\"\n", defaultLogFormatter(termTrueLongDurationParam))
-
 }
 
 func TestColorForMethod(t *testing.T) {
@@ -369,15 +367,15 @@ func TestErrorLogger(t *testing.T) {
 		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "hola!")
 	})
 
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/error")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/error")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, "{\"error\":\"this is an error\"}", w.Body.String())
 
-	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/abort")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/abort")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusUnauthorized, w.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, "{\"error\":\"no authorized\"}", w.Body.String())
 
-	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/print")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/print")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusInternalServerError, w.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, "hola!{\"error\":\"this is an error\"}", w.Body.String())
 }
@@ -389,11 +387,11 @@ func TestLoggerWithWriterSkippingPaths(t *testing.T) {
 	router.GET("/logged", func(c *Context) {})
 	router.GET("/skipped", func(c *Context) {})
 
-	performRequest(router, "GET", "/logged")
+	PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/logged")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "GET", "/skipped")
+	PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/skipped")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "")
 }
 
@@ -407,11 +405,11 @@ func TestLoggerWithConfigSkippingPaths(t *testing.T) {
 	router.GET("/logged", func(c *Context) {})
 	router.GET("/skipped", func(c *Context) {})
 
-	performRequest(router, "GET", "/logged")
+	PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/logged")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "200")
 
 	buffer.Reset()
-	performRequest(router, "GET", "/skipped")
+	PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/skipped")
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "")
 }
 
diff --git a/middleware_test.go b/middleware_test.go
index fca1c53..e0a756c 100644
--- a/middleware_test.go
+++ b/middleware_test.go
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ func TestMiddlewareGeneralCase(t *testing.T) {
 		signature += " XX "
 	})
 	// RUN
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/")
 
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func TestMiddlewareNoRoute(t *testing.T) {
 		signature += " X "
 	})
 	// RUN
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/")
 
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ func TestMiddlewareNoMethodEnabled(t *testing.T) {
 		signature += " XX "
 	})
 	// RUN
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/")
 
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, w.Code)
@@ -118,7 +118,10 @@ func TestMiddlewareNoMethodEnabled(t *testing.T) {
 func TestMiddlewareNoMethodDisabled(t *testing.T) {
 	signature := ""
 	router := New()
+
+	// NoMethod disabled
 	router.HandleMethodNotAllowed = false
+
 	router.Use(func(c *Context) {
 		signature += "A"
 		c.Next()
@@ -144,8 +147,9 @@ func TestMiddlewareNoMethodDisabled(t *testing.T) {
 	router.POST("/", func(c *Context) {
 		signature += " XX "
 	})
+
 	// RUN
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/")
 
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
@@ -171,7 +175,7 @@ func TestMiddlewareAbort(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	// RUN
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/")
 
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusUnauthorized, w.Code)
@@ -186,14 +190,13 @@ func TestMiddlewareAbortHandlersChainAndNext(t *testing.T) {
 		c.Next()
 		c.AbortWithStatus(http.StatusGone)
 		signature += "B"
-
 	})
 	router.GET("/", func(c *Context) {
 		signature += "C"
 		c.Next()
 	})
 	// RUN
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/")
 
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusGone, w.Code)
@@ -216,7 +219,7 @@ func TestMiddlewareFailHandlersChain(t *testing.T) {
 		signature += "C"
 	})
 	// RUN
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/")
 
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusInternalServerError, w.Code)
@@ -243,7 +246,7 @@ func TestMiddlewareWrite(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	})
 
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/")
 
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, w.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, strings.Replace("hola\n<map><foo>bar</foo></map>{\"foo\":\"bar\"}{\"foo\":\"bar\"}event:test\ndata:message\n\n", " ", "", -1), strings.Replace(w.Body.String(), " ", "", -1))
diff --git a/recovery_test.go b/recovery_test.go
index 6cc2a47..ac3669a 100644
--- a/recovery_test.go
+++ b/recovery_test.go
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ func TestPanicClean(t *testing.T) {
 		panic("Oupps, Houston, we have a problem")
 	})
 	// RUN
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery",
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery",
 		header{
 			Key:   "Host",
 			Value: "www.google.com",
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func TestPanicInHandler(t *testing.T) {
 		panic("Oupps, Houston, we have a problem")
 	})
 	// RUN
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusInternalServerError, w.Code)
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "panic recovered")
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ func TestPanicInHandler(t *testing.T) {
 	// Debug mode prints the request
 	SetMode(DebugMode)
 	// RUN
-	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusInternalServerError, w.Code)
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "GET /recovery")
@@ -85,21 +85,21 @@ func TestPanicWithAbort(t *testing.T) {
 		panic("Oupps, Houston, we have a problem")
 	})
 	// RUN
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, w.Code)
 }
 
 func TestSource(t *testing.T) {
 	bs := source(nil, 0)
-	assert.Equal(t, []byte("???"), bs)
+	assert.Equal(t, dunno, bs)
 
 	in := [][]byte{
 		[]byte("Hello world."),
 		[]byte("Hi, gin.."),
 	}
 	bs = source(in, 10)
-	assert.Equal(t, []byte("???"), bs)
+	assert.Equal(t, dunno, bs)
 
 	bs = source(in, 1)
 	assert.Equal(t, []byte("Hello world."), bs)
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ func TestSource(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestFunction(t *testing.T) {
 	bs := function(1)
-	assert.Equal(t, []byte("???"), bs)
+	assert.Equal(t, dunno, bs)
 }
 
 // TestPanicWithBrokenPipe asserts that recovery specifically handles
@@ -122,7 +122,6 @@ func TestPanicWithBrokenPipe(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for errno, expectMsg := range expectMsgs {
 		t.Run(expectMsg, func(t *testing.T) {
-
 			var buf bytes.Buffer
 
 			router := New()
@@ -137,7 +136,7 @@ func TestPanicWithBrokenPipe(t *testing.T) {
 				panic(e)
 			})
 			// RUN
-			w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
+			w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
 			// TEST
 			assert.Equal(t, expectCode, w.Code)
 			assert.Contains(t, strings.ToLower(buf.String()), expectMsg)
@@ -158,7 +157,7 @@ func TestCustomRecoveryWithWriter(t *testing.T) {
 		panic("Oupps, Houston, we have a problem")
 	})
 	// RUN
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, w.Code)
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "panic recovered")
@@ -169,7 +168,7 @@ func TestCustomRecoveryWithWriter(t *testing.T) {
 	// Debug mode prints the request
 	SetMode(DebugMode)
 	// RUN
-	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, w.Code)
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "GET /recovery")
@@ -193,7 +192,7 @@ func TestCustomRecovery(t *testing.T) {
 		panic("Oupps, Houston, we have a problem")
 	})
 	// RUN
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, w.Code)
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "panic recovered")
@@ -204,7 +203,7 @@ func TestCustomRecovery(t *testing.T) {
 	// Debug mode prints the request
 	SetMode(DebugMode)
 	// RUN
-	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, w.Code)
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "GET /recovery")
@@ -228,7 +227,7 @@ func TestRecoveryWithWriterWithCustomRecovery(t *testing.T) {
 		panic("Oupps, Houston, we have a problem")
 	})
 	// RUN
-	w := performRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, w.Code)
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "panic recovered")
@@ -239,7 +238,7 @@ func TestRecoveryWithWriterWithCustomRecovery(t *testing.T) {
 	// Debug mode prints the request
 	SetMode(DebugMode)
 	// RUN
-	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/recovery")
 	// TEST
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, w.Code)
 	assert.Contains(t, buffer.String(), "GET /recovery")
diff --git a/render/render_msgpack_test.go b/render/render_msgpack_test.go
index 8170fbe..d16cf6e 100644
--- a/render/render_msgpack_test.go
+++ b/render/render_msgpack_test.go
@@ -39,6 +39,6 @@ func TestRenderMsgPack(t *testing.T) {
 	err = codec.NewEncoder(buf, h).Encode(data)
 
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), string(buf.Bytes()))
+	assert.Equal(t, w.Body.String(), buf.String())
 	assert.Equal(t, "application/msgpack; charset=utf-8", w.Header().Get("Content-Type"))
 }
diff --git a/render/render_test.go b/render/render_test.go
index 353c82b..e417731 100644
--- a/render/render_test.go
+++ b/render/render_test.go
@@ -14,10 +14,9 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
-	"github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-
 	testdata "github.com/gin-gonic/gin/testdata/protoexample"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )
 
 // TODO unit tests
@@ -420,7 +419,8 @@ func TestRenderHTMLTemplateEmptyName(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestRenderHTMLDebugFiles(t *testing.T) {
 	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
-	htmlRender := HTMLDebug{Files: []string{"../testdata/template/hello.tmpl"},
+	htmlRender := HTMLDebug{
+		Files:   []string{"../testdata/template/hello.tmpl"},
 		Glob:    "",
 		Delims:  Delims{Left: "{[{", Right: "}]}"},
 		FuncMap: nil,
@@ -438,7 +438,8 @@ func TestRenderHTMLDebugFiles(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestRenderHTMLDebugGlob(t *testing.T) {
 	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
-	htmlRender := HTMLDebug{Files: nil,
+	htmlRender := HTMLDebug{
+		Files:   nil,
 		Glob:    "../testdata/template/hello*",
 		Delims:  Delims{Left: "{[{", Right: "}]}"},
 		FuncMap: nil,
@@ -455,7 +456,8 @@ func TestRenderHTMLDebugGlob(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestRenderHTMLDebugPanics(t *testing.T) {
-	htmlRender := HTMLDebug{Files: nil,
+	htmlRender := HTMLDebug{
+		Files:   nil,
 		Glob:    "",
 		Delims:  Delims{"{{", "}}"},
 		FuncMap: nil,
diff --git a/response_writer_test.go b/response_writer_test.go
index 1f113e7..9061d02 100644
--- a/response_writer_test.go
+++ b/response_writer_test.go
@@ -17,12 +17,14 @@ import (
 // func (w *responseWriter) CloseNotify() <-chan bool {
 // func (w *responseWriter) Flush() {
 
-var _ ResponseWriter = &responseWriter{}
-var _ http.ResponseWriter = &responseWriter{}
-var _ http.ResponseWriter = ResponseWriter(&responseWriter{})
-var _ http.Hijacker = ResponseWriter(&responseWriter{})
-var _ http.Flusher = ResponseWriter(&responseWriter{})
-var _ http.CloseNotifier = ResponseWriter(&responseWriter{})
+var (
+	_ ResponseWriter      = &responseWriter{}
+	_ http.ResponseWriter = &responseWriter{}
+	_ http.ResponseWriter = ResponseWriter(&responseWriter{})
+	_ http.Hijacker       = ResponseWriter(&responseWriter{})
+	_ http.Flusher        = ResponseWriter(&responseWriter{})
+	_ http.CloseNotifier  = ResponseWriter(&responseWriter{})
+)
 
 func init() {
 	SetMode(TestMode)
diff --git a/routergroup_test.go b/routergroup_test.go
index 0e49d65..c1fad3a 100644
--- a/routergroup_test.go
+++ b/routergroup_test.go
@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ func performRequestInGroup(t *testing.T, method string) {
 		panic("unknown method")
 	}
 
-	w := performRequest(router, method, "/v1/login/test")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, method, "/v1/login/test")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, w.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, "the method was "+method+" and index 3", w.Body.String())
 
-	w = performRequest(router, method, "/v1/test")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, method, "/v1/test")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, w.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, "the method was "+method+" and index 1", w.Body.String())
 }
@@ -111,16 +111,31 @@ func TestRouterGroupInvalidStaticFile(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestRouterGroupInvalidStaticFileFS(t *testing.T) {
+	router := New()
+	assert.Panics(t, func() {
+		router.StaticFileFS("/path/:param", "favicon.ico", Dir(".", false))
+	})
+
+	assert.Panics(t, func() {
+		router.StaticFileFS("/path/*param", "favicon.ico", Dir(".", false))
+	})
+}
+
 func TestRouterGroupTooManyHandlers(t *testing.T) {
+	const (
+		panicValue = "too many handlers"
+		maximumCnt = abortIndex
+	)
 	router := New()
-	handlers1 := make([]HandlerFunc, 40)
+	handlers1 := make([]HandlerFunc, maximumCnt-1)
 	router.Use(handlers1...)
 
-	handlers2 := make([]HandlerFunc, 26)
-	assert.Panics(t, func() {
+	handlers2 := make([]HandlerFunc, maximumCnt+1)
+	assert.PanicsWithValue(t, panicValue, func() {
 		router.Use(handlers2...)
 	})
-	assert.Panics(t, func() {
+	assert.PanicsWithValue(t, panicValue, func() {
 		router.GET("/", handlers2...)
 	})
 }
@@ -173,6 +188,7 @@ func testRoutesInterface(t *testing.T, r IRoutes) {
 	assert.Equal(t, r, r.HEAD("/", handler))
 
 	assert.Equal(t, r, r.StaticFile("/file", "."))
+	assert.Equal(t, r, r.StaticFileFS("/static2", ".", Dir(".", false)))
 	assert.Equal(t, r, r.Static("/static", "."))
 	assert.Equal(t, r, r.StaticFS("/static2", Dir(".", false)))
 }
diff --git a/routes_test.go b/routes_test.go
index 036fa1c..4a0cb49 100644
--- a/routes_test.go
+++ b/routes_test.go
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ type header struct {
 	Value string
 }
 
-func performRequest(r http.Handler, method, path string, headers ...header) *httptest.ResponseRecorder {
+// PerformRequest for testing gin router.
+func PerformRequest(r http.Handler, method, path string, headers ...header) *httptest.ResponseRecorder {
 	req := httptest.NewRequest(method, path, nil)
 	for _, h := range headers {
 		req.Header.Add(h.Key, h.Value)
@@ -42,11 +43,11 @@ func testRouteOK(method string, t *testing.T) {
 		passed = true
 	})
 
-	w := performRequest(r, method, "/test")
+	w := PerformRequest(r, method, "/test")
 	assert.True(t, passed)
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 
-	performRequest(r, method, "/test2")
+	PerformRequest(r, method, "/test2")
 	assert.True(t, passedAny)
 }
 
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ func testRouteNotOK(method string, t *testing.T) {
 		passed = true
 	})
 
-	w := performRequest(router, method, "/test")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, method, "/test")
 
 	assert.False(t, passed)
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ func testRouteNotOK2(method string, t *testing.T) {
 		passed = true
 	})
 
-	w := performRequest(router, method, "/test")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, method, "/test")
 
 	assert.False(t, passed)
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, w.Code)
@@ -99,7 +100,7 @@ func TestRouterMethod(t *testing.T) {
 		c.String(http.StatusOK, "sup3")
 	})
 
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodPut, "/hey")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodPut, "/hey")
 
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, "called", w.Body.String())
@@ -150,50 +151,50 @@ func TestRouteRedirectTrailingSlash(t *testing.T) {
 	router.POST("/path3", func(c *Context) {})
 	router.PUT("/path4/", func(c *Context) {})
 
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path/")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path/")
 	assert.Equal(t, "/path", w.Header().Get("Location"))
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusMovedPermanently, w.Code)
 
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path2")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path2")
 	assert.Equal(t, "/path2/", w.Header().Get("Location"))
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusMovedPermanently, w.Code)
 
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodPost, "/path3/")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodPost, "/path3/")
 	assert.Equal(t, "/path3", w.Header().Get("Location"))
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusTemporaryRedirect, w.Code)
 
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodPut, "/path4")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodPut, "/path4")
 	assert.Equal(t, "/path4/", w.Header().Get("Location"))
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusTemporaryRedirect, w.Code)
 
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path2/")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path2/")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodPost, "/path3")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodPost, "/path3")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodPut, "/path4/")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodPut, "/path4/")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path2", header{Key: "X-Forwarded-Prefix", Value: "/api"})
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path2", header{Key: "X-Forwarded-Prefix", Value: "/api"})
 	assert.Equal(t, "/api/path2/", w.Header().Get("Location"))
 	assert.Equal(t, 301, w.Code)
 
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path2/", header{Key: "X-Forwarded-Prefix", Value: "/api/"})
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path2/", header{Key: "X-Forwarded-Prefix", Value: "/api/"})
 	assert.Equal(t, 200, w.Code)
 
 	router.RedirectTrailingSlash = false
 
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path/")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path/")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path2")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path2")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodPost, "/path3/")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodPost, "/path3/")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodPut, "/path4")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodPut, "/path4")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
 }
 
@@ -207,19 +208,19 @@ func TestRouteRedirectFixedPath(t *testing.T) {
 	router.POST("/PATH3", func(c *Context) {})
 	router.POST("/Path4/", func(c *Context) {})
 
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/PATH")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/PATH")
 	assert.Equal(t, "/path", w.Header().Get("Location"))
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusMovedPermanently, w.Code)
 
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path2")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path2")
 	assert.Equal(t, "/Path2", w.Header().Get("Location"))
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusMovedPermanently, w.Code)
 
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodPost, "/path3")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodPost, "/path3")
 	assert.Equal(t, "/PATH3", w.Header().Get("Location"))
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusTemporaryRedirect, w.Code)
 
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodPost, "/path4")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodPost, "/path4")
 	assert.Equal(t, "/Path4/", w.Header().Get("Location"))
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusTemporaryRedirect, w.Code)
 }
@@ -248,7 +249,7 @@ func TestRouteParamsByName(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.False(t, ok)
 	})
 
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/test/john/smith/is/super/great")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/test/john/smith/is/super/great")
 
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, "john", name)
@@ -281,7 +282,7 @@ func TestRouteParamsByNameWithExtraSlash(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.False(t, ok)
 	})
 
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "//test//john//smith//is//super//great")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "//test//john//smith//is//super//great")
 
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, "john", name)
@@ -309,8 +310,42 @@ func TestRouteStaticFile(t *testing.T) {
 	router.Static("/using_static", dir)
 	router.StaticFile("/result", f.Name())
 
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/using_static/"+filename)
+	w2 := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/result")
+
+	assert.Equal(t, w, w2)
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
+	assert.Equal(t, "Gin Web Framework", w.Body.String())
+	assert.Equal(t, "text/plain; charset=utf-8", w.Header().Get("Content-Type"))
+
+	w3 := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodHead, "/using_static/"+filename)
+	w4 := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodHead, "/result")
+
+	assert.Equal(t, w3, w4)
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w3.Code)
+}
+
+// TestHandleStaticFile - ensure the static file handles properly
+func TestRouteStaticFileFS(t *testing.T) {
+	// SETUP file
+	testRoot, _ := os.Getwd()
+	f, err := ioutil.TempFile(testRoot, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Error(err)
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(f.Name())
+	_, err = f.WriteString("Gin Web Framework")
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	f.Close()
+
+	dir, filename := filepath.Split(f.Name())
+	// SETUP gin
+	router := New()
+	router.Static("/using_static", dir)
+	router.StaticFileFS("/result_fs", filename, Dir(dir, false))
+
 	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/using_static/"+filename)
-	w2 := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/result")
+	w2 := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/result_fs")
 
 	assert.Equal(t, w, w2)
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
@@ -318,7 +353,7 @@ func TestRouteStaticFile(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, "text/plain; charset=utf-8", w.Header().Get("Content-Type"))
 
 	w3 := performRequest(router, http.MethodHead, "/using_static/"+filename)
-	w4 := performRequest(router, http.MethodHead, "/result")
+	w4 := performRequest(router, http.MethodHead, "/result_fs")
 
 	assert.Equal(t, w3, w4)
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w3.Code)
@@ -329,7 +364,7 @@ func TestRouteStaticListingDir(t *testing.T) {
 	router := New()
 	router.StaticFS("/", Dir("./", true))
 
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/")
 
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 	assert.Contains(t, w.Body.String(), "gin.go")
@@ -341,7 +376,7 @@ func TestRouteStaticNoListing(t *testing.T) {
 	router := New()
 	router.Static("/", "./")
 
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/")
 
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
 	assert.NotContains(t, w.Body.String(), "gin.go")
@@ -356,7 +391,7 @@ func TestRouterMiddlewareAndStatic(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 	static.Static("/", "./")
 
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/gin.go")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/gin.go")
 
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 	assert.Contains(t, w.Body.String(), "package gin")
@@ -372,13 +407,13 @@ func TestRouteNotAllowedEnabled(t *testing.T) {
 	router := New()
 	router.HandleMethodNotAllowed = true
 	router.POST("/path", func(c *Context) {})
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, w.Code)
 
 	router.NoMethod(func(c *Context) {
 		c.String(http.StatusTeapot, "responseText")
 	})
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path")
 	assert.Equal(t, "responseText", w.Body.String())
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusTeapot, w.Code)
 }
@@ -389,7 +424,7 @@ func TestRouteNotAllowedEnabled2(t *testing.T) {
 	// add one methodTree to trees
 	router.addRoute(http.MethodPost, "/", HandlersChain{func(_ *Context) {}})
 	router.GET("/path2", func(c *Context) {})
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodPost, "/path2")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodPost, "/path2")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusMethodNotAllowed, w.Code)
 }
 
@@ -397,13 +432,13 @@ func TestRouteNotAllowedDisabled(t *testing.T) {
 	router := New()
 	router.HandleMethodNotAllowed = false
 	router.POST("/path", func(c *Context) {})
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
 
 	router.NoMethod(func(c *Context) {
 		c.String(http.StatusTeapot, "responseText")
 	})
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/path")
 	assert.Equal(t, "404 page not found", w.Body.String())
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
 }
@@ -423,7 +458,7 @@ func TestRouterNotFoundWithRemoveExtraSlash(t *testing.T) {
 		{"/nope", http.StatusNotFound, ""}, // NotFound
 	}
 	for _, tr := range testRoutes {
-		w := performRequest(router, "GET", tr.route)
+		w := PerformRequest(router, "GET", tr.route)
 		assert.Equal(t, tr.code, w.Code)
 		if w.Code != http.StatusNotFound {
 			assert.Equal(t, tr.location, fmt.Sprint(w.Header().Get("Location")))
@@ -453,7 +488,7 @@ func TestRouterNotFound(t *testing.T) {
 		{"/nope", http.StatusNotFound, ""},                 // NotFound
 	}
 	for _, tr := range testRoutes {
-		w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, tr.route)
+		w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, tr.route)
 		assert.Equal(t, tr.code, w.Code)
 		if w.Code != http.StatusNotFound {
 			assert.Equal(t, tr.location, fmt.Sprint(w.Header().Get("Location")))
@@ -466,21 +501,36 @@ func TestRouterNotFound(t *testing.T) {
 		c.AbortWithStatus(http.StatusNotFound)
 		notFound = true
 	})
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/nope")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/nope")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
 	assert.True(t, notFound)
 
 	// Test other method than GET (want 307 instead of 301)
 	router.PATCH("/path", func(c *Context) {})
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodPatch, "/path/")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodPatch, "/path/")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusTemporaryRedirect, w.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, "map[Location:[/path]]", fmt.Sprint(w.Header()))
 
 	// Test special case where no node for the prefix "/" exists
 	router = New()
 	router.GET("/a", func(c *Context) {})
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
+
+	// Reproduction test for the bug of issue #2843
+	router = New()
+	router.NoRoute(func(c *Context) {
+		if c.Request.RequestURI == "/login" {
+			c.String(200, "login")
+		}
+	})
+	router.GET("/logout", func(c *Context) {
+		c.String(200, "logout")
+	})
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/login")
+	assert.Equal(t, "login", w.Body.String())
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/logout")
+	assert.Equal(t, "logout", w.Body.String())
 }
 
 func TestRouterStaticFSNotFound(t *testing.T) {
@@ -490,10 +540,10 @@ func TestRouterStaticFSNotFound(t *testing.T) {
 		c.String(404, "non existent")
 	})
 
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/nonexistent")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/nonexistent")
 	assert.Equal(t, "non existent", w.Body.String())
 
-	w = performRequest(router, http.MethodHead, "/nonexistent")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, http.MethodHead, "/nonexistent")
 	assert.Equal(t, "non existent", w.Body.String())
 }
 
@@ -503,7 +553,7 @@ func TestRouterStaticFSFileNotFound(t *testing.T) {
 	router.StaticFS("/", http.FileSystem(http.Dir(".")))
 
 	assert.NotPanics(t, func() {
-		performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/nonexistent")
+		PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/nonexistent")
 	})
 }
 
@@ -520,11 +570,11 @@ func TestMiddlewareCalledOnceByRouterStaticFSNotFound(t *testing.T) {
 	router.StaticFS("/", http.FileSystem(http.Dir("/thisreallydoesntexist/")))
 
 	// First access
-	performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/nonexistent")
+	PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/nonexistent")
 	assert.Equal(t, 1, middlewareCalledNum)
 
 	// Second access
-	performRequest(router, http.MethodHead, "/nonexistent")
+	PerformRequest(router, http.MethodHead, "/nonexistent")
 	assert.Equal(t, 2, middlewareCalledNum)
 }
 
@@ -543,7 +593,7 @@ func TestRouteRawPath(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.Equal(t, "222", num)
 	})
 
-	w := performRequest(route, http.MethodPost, "/project/Some%2FOther%2FProject/build/222")
+	w := PerformRequest(route, http.MethodPost, "/project/Some%2FOther%2FProject/build/222")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 }
 
@@ -563,7 +613,7 @@ func TestRouteRawPathNoUnescape(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.Equal(t, "333", num)
 	})
 
-	w := performRequest(route, http.MethodPost, "/project/Some%2FOther%2FProject/build/333")
+	w := PerformRequest(route, http.MethodPost, "/project/Some%2FOther%2FProject/build/333")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 }
 
@@ -574,7 +624,7 @@ func TestRouteServeErrorWithWriteHeader(t *testing.T) {
 		c.Next()
 	})
 
-	w := performRequest(route, http.MethodGet, "/NotFound")
+	w := PerformRequest(route, http.MethodGet, "/NotFound")
 	assert.Equal(t, 421, w.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, 0, w.Body.Len())
 }
@@ -608,7 +658,7 @@ func TestRouteContextHoldsFullPath(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, route := range routes {
-		w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, route)
+		w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, route)
 		assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Code)
 	}
 
@@ -618,6 +668,6 @@ func TestRouteContextHoldsFullPath(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.Equal(t, "", c.FullPath())
 	})
 
-	w := performRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/not-found")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, http.MethodGet, "/not-found")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNotFound, w.Code)
 }
diff --git a/testdata/protoexample/test.pb.go b/testdata/protoexample/test.pb.go
index 21997ca..bf45e02 100644
--- a/testdata/protoexample/test.pb.go
+++ b/testdata/protoexample/test.pb.go
@@ -1,24 +1,24 @@
-// Code generated by protoc-gen-go.
+// Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
+// versions:
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.27.0
+// 	protoc        v3.15.8
 // source: test.proto
-// DO NOT EDIT!
 
-/*
-Package protoexample is a generated protocol buffer package.
-
-It is generated from these files:
-	test.proto
-
-It has these top-level messages:
-	Test
-*/
 package protoexample
 
-import proto "github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
-import math "math"
+import (
+	protoreflect "google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protoreflect"
+	protoimpl "google.golang.org/protobuf/runtime/protoimpl"
+	reflect "reflect"
+	sync "sync"
+)
 
-// Reference imports to suppress errors if they are not otherwise used.
-var _ = proto.Marshal
-var _ = math.Inf
+const (
+	// Verify that this generated code is sufficiently up-to-date.
+	_ = protoimpl.EnforceVersion(20 - protoimpl.MinVersion)
+	// Verify that runtime/protoimpl is sufficiently up-to-date.
+	_ = protoimpl.EnforceVersion(protoimpl.MaxVersion - 20)
+)
 
 type FOO int32
 
@@ -26,88 +26,273 @@ const (
 	FOO_X FOO = 17
 )
 
-var FOO_name = map[int32]string{
-	17: "X",
-}
-var FOO_value = map[string]int32{
-	"X": 17,
-}
+// Enum value maps for FOO.
+var (
+	FOO_name = map[int32]string{
+		17: "X",
+	}
+	FOO_value = map[string]int32{
+		"X": 17,
+	}
+)
 
 func (x FOO) Enum() *FOO {
 	p := new(FOO)
 	*p = x
 	return p
 }
+
 func (x FOO) String() string {
-	return proto.EnumName(FOO_name, int32(x))
+	return protoimpl.X.EnumStringOf(x.Descriptor(), protoreflect.EnumNumber(x))
+}
+
+func (FOO) Descriptor() protoreflect.EnumDescriptor {
+	return file_test_proto_enumTypes[0].Descriptor()
+}
+
+func (FOO) Type() protoreflect.EnumType {
+	return &file_test_proto_enumTypes[0]
+}
+
+func (x FOO) Number() protoreflect.EnumNumber {
+	return protoreflect.EnumNumber(x)
 }
-func (x *FOO) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
-	value, err := proto.UnmarshalJSONEnum(FOO_value, data, "FOO")
+
+// Deprecated: Do not use.
+func (x *FOO) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
+	num, err := protoimpl.X.UnmarshalJSONEnum(x.Descriptor(), b)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	*x = FOO(value)
+	*x = FOO(num)
 	return nil
 }
 
+// Deprecated: Use FOO.Descriptor instead.
+func (FOO) EnumDescriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_test_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{0}
+}
+
 type Test struct {
-	Label            *string             `protobuf:"bytes,1,req,name=label" json:"label,omitempty"`
-	Type             *int32              `protobuf:"varint,2,opt,name=type,def=77" json:"type,omitempty"`
-	Reps             []int64             `protobuf:"varint,3,rep,name=reps" json:"reps,omitempty"`
-	Optionalgroup    *Test_OptionalGroup `protobuf:"group,4,opt,name=OptionalGroup" json:"optionalgroup,omitempty"`
-	XXX_unrecognized []byte              `json:"-"`
+	state         protoimpl.MessageState
+	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
+	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
+
+	Label         *string             `protobuf:"bytes,1,req,name=label" json:"label,omitempty"`
+	Type          *int32              `protobuf:"varint,2,opt,name=type,def=77" json:"type,omitempty"`
+	Reps          []int64             `protobuf:"varint,3,rep,name=reps" json:"reps,omitempty"`
+	Optionalgroup *Test_OptionalGroup `protobuf:"group,4,opt,name=OptionalGroup,json=optionalgroup" json:"optionalgroup,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// Default values for Test fields.
+const (
+	Default_Test_Type = int32(77)
+)
+
+func (x *Test) Reset() {
+	*x = Test{}
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_test_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
+}
+
+func (x *Test) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
 }
 
-func (m *Test) Reset()         { *m = Test{} }
-func (m *Test) String() string { return proto.CompactTextString(m) }
-func (*Test) ProtoMessage()    {}
+func (*Test) ProtoMessage() {}
 
-const Default_Test_Type int32 = 77
+func (x *Test) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
+	mi := &file_test_proto_msgTypes[0]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
+			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+		}
+		return ms
+	}
+	return mi.MessageOf(x)
+}
 
-func (m *Test) GetLabel() string {
-	if m != nil && m.Label != nil {
-		return *m.Label
+// Deprecated: Use Test.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
+func (*Test) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_test_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{0}
+}
+
+func (x *Test) GetLabel() string {
+	if x != nil && x.Label != nil {
+		return *x.Label
 	}
 	return ""
 }
 
-func (m *Test) GetType() int32 {
-	if m != nil && m.Type != nil {
-		return *m.Type
+func (x *Test) GetType() int32 {
+	if x != nil && x.Type != nil {
+		return *x.Type
 	}
 	return Default_Test_Type
 }
 
-func (m *Test) GetReps() []int64 {
-	if m != nil {
-		return m.Reps
+func (x *Test) GetReps() []int64 {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Reps
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (m *Test) GetOptionalgroup() *Test_OptionalGroup {
-	if m != nil {
-		return m.Optionalgroup
+func (x *Test) GetOptionalgroup() *Test_OptionalGroup {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Optionalgroup
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
 type Test_OptionalGroup struct {
-	RequiredField    *string `protobuf:"bytes,5,req" json:"RequiredField,omitempty"`
-	XXX_unrecognized []byte  `json:"-"`
+	state         protoimpl.MessageState
+	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
+	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
+
+	RequiredField *string `protobuf:"bytes,5,req,name=RequiredField" json:"RequiredField,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (x *Test_OptionalGroup) Reset() {
+	*x = Test_OptionalGroup{}
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_test_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
+}
+
+func (x *Test_OptionalGroup) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
+}
+
+func (*Test_OptionalGroup) ProtoMessage() {}
+
+func (x *Test_OptionalGroup) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
+	mi := &file_test_proto_msgTypes[1]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
+			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+		}
+		return ms
+	}
+	return mi.MessageOf(x)
 }
 
-func (m *Test_OptionalGroup) Reset()         { *m = Test_OptionalGroup{} }
-func (m *Test_OptionalGroup) String() string { return proto.CompactTextString(m) }
-func (*Test_OptionalGroup) ProtoMessage()    {}
+// Deprecated: Use Test_OptionalGroup.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
+func (*Test_OptionalGroup) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_test_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{0, 0}
+}
 
-func (m *Test_OptionalGroup) GetRequiredField() string {
-	if m != nil && m.RequiredField != nil {
-		return *m.RequiredField
+func (x *Test_OptionalGroup) GetRequiredField() string {
+	if x != nil && x.RequiredField != nil {
+		return *x.RequiredField
 	}
 	return ""
 }
 
-func init() {
-	proto.RegisterEnum("protoexample.FOO", FOO_name, FOO_value)
+var File_test_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor
+
+var file_test_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
+	0x0a, 0x0a, 0x74, 0x65, 0x73, 0x74, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x12, 0x0c, 0x70, 0x72,
+	0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x65, 0x78, 0x61, 0x6d, 0x70, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x22, 0xc7, 0x01, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x54,
+	0x65, 0x73, 0x74, 0x12, 0x14, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x62, 0x65, 0x6c, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x02,
+	0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x05, 0x6c, 0x61, 0x62, 0x65, 0x6c, 0x12, 0x16, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x74, 0x79, 0x70,
+	0x65, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x05, 0x3a, 0x02, 0x37, 0x37, 0x52, 0x04, 0x74, 0x79, 0x70,
+	0x65, 0x12, 0x12, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x72, 0x65, 0x70, 0x73, 0x18, 0x03, 0x20, 0x03, 0x28, 0x03, 0x52,
+	0x04, 0x72, 0x65, 0x70, 0x73, 0x12, 0x46, 0x0a, 0x0d, 0x6f, 0x70, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x61,
+	0x6c, 0x67, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x70, 0x18, 0x04, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0a, 0x32, 0x20, 0x2e, 0x70,
+	0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x65, 0x78, 0x61, 0x6d, 0x70, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x2e, 0x54, 0x65, 0x73, 0x74,
+	0x2e, 0x4f, 0x70, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x47, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x70, 0x52, 0x0d,
+	0x6f, 0x70, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x67, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x70, 0x1a, 0x35, 0x0a,
+	0x0d, 0x4f, 0x70, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x47, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x70, 0x12, 0x24,
+	0x0a, 0x0d, 0x52, 0x65, 0x71, 0x75, 0x69, 0x72, 0x65, 0x64, 0x46, 0x69, 0x65, 0x6c, 0x64, 0x18,
+	0x05, 0x20, 0x02, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0d, 0x52, 0x65, 0x71, 0x75, 0x69, 0x72, 0x65, 0x64, 0x46,
+	0x69, 0x65, 0x6c, 0x64, 0x2a, 0x0c, 0x0a, 0x03, 0x46, 0x4f, 0x4f, 0x12, 0x05, 0x0a, 0x01, 0x58,
+	0x10, 0x11,
+}
+
+var (
+	file_test_proto_rawDescOnce sync.Once
+	file_test_proto_rawDescData = file_test_proto_rawDesc
+)
+
+func file_test_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
+	file_test_proto_rawDescOnce.Do(func() {
+		file_test_proto_rawDescData = protoimpl.X.CompressGZIP(file_test_proto_rawDescData)
+	})
+	return file_test_proto_rawDescData
+}
+
+var file_test_proto_enumTypes = make([]protoimpl.EnumInfo, 1)
+var file_test_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 2)
+var file_test_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
+	(FOO)(0),                   // 0: protoexample.FOO
+	(*Test)(nil),               // 1: protoexample.Test
+	(*Test_OptionalGroup)(nil), // 2: protoexample.Test.OptionalGroup
+}
+var file_test_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
+	2, // 0: protoexample.Test.optionalgroup:type_name -> protoexample.Test.OptionalGroup
+	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for method input_type
+	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for extension type_name
+	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for extension extendee
+	0, // [0:1] is the sub-list for field type_name
+}
+
+func init() { file_test_proto_init() }
+func file_test_proto_init() {
+	if File_test_proto != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_test_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Test); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_test_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Test_OptionalGroup); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	type x struct{}
+	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
+		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
+			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
+			RawDescriptor: file_test_proto_rawDesc,
+			NumEnums:      1,
+			NumMessages:   2,
+			NumExtensions: 0,
+			NumServices:   0,
+		},
+		GoTypes:           file_test_proto_goTypes,
+		DependencyIndexes: file_test_proto_depIdxs,
+		EnumInfos:         file_test_proto_enumTypes,
+		MessageInfos:      file_test_proto_msgTypes,
+	}.Build()
+	File_test_proto = out.File
+	file_test_proto_rawDesc = nil
+	file_test_proto_goTypes = nil
+	file_test_proto_depIdxs = nil
 }
diff --git a/tree_test.go b/tree_test.go
index 298c5ed..94c5338 100644
--- a/tree_test.go
+++ b/tree_test.go
@@ -33,6 +33,11 @@ func getParams() *Params {
 	return &ps
 }
 
+func getSkippedNodes() *[]skippedNode {
+	ps := make([]skippedNode, 0, 20)
+	return &ps
+}
+
 func checkRequests(t *testing.T, tree *node, requests testRequests, unescapes ...bool) {
 	unescape := false
 	if len(unescapes) >= 1 {
@@ -40,7 +45,7 @@ func checkRequests(t *testing.T, tree *node, requests testRequests, unescapes ..
 	}
 
 	for _, request := range requests {
-		value := tree.getValue(request.path, getParams(), unescape)
+		value := tree.getValue(request.path, getParams(), getSkippedNodes(), unescape)
 
 		if value.handlers == nil {
 			if !request.nilHandler {
@@ -154,6 +159,39 @@ func TestTreeWildcard(t *testing.T) {
 		"/info/:user/public",
 		"/info/:user/project/:project",
 		"/info/:user/project/golang",
+		"/aa/*xx",
+		"/ab/*xx",
+		"/:cc",
+		"/c1/:dd/e",
+		"/c1/:dd/e1",
+		"/:cc/cc",
+		"/:cc/:dd/ee",
+		"/:cc/:dd/:ee/ff",
+		"/:cc/:dd/:ee/:ff/gg",
+		"/:cc/:dd/:ee/:ff/:gg/hh",
+		"/get/test/abc/",
+		"/get/:param/abc/",
+		"/something/:paramname/thirdthing",
+		"/something/secondthing/test",
+		"/get/abc",
+		"/get/:param",
+		"/get/abc/123abc",
+		"/get/abc/:param",
+		"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8",
+		"/get/abc/123abc/:param",
+		"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234",
+		"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/:param",
+		"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/ffas",
+		"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/:param",
+		"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/12c",
+		"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/:param",
+		"/get/abc/:param/test",
+		"/get/abc/123abd/:param",
+		"/get/abc/123abddd/:param",
+		"/get/abc/123/:param",
+		"/get/abc/123abg/:param",
+		"/get/abc/123abf/:param",
+		"/get/abc/123abfff/:param",
 	}
 	for _, route := range routes {
 		tree.addRoute(route, fakeHandler(route))
@@ -186,6 +224,97 @@ func TestTreeWildcard(t *testing.T) {
 		{"/info/gordon/public", false, "/info/:user/public", Params{Param{Key: "user", Value: "gordon"}}},
 		{"/info/gordon/project/go", false, "/info/:user/project/:project", Params{Param{Key: "user", Value: "gordon"}, Param{Key: "project", Value: "go"}}},
 		{"/info/gordon/project/golang", false, "/info/:user/project/golang", Params{Param{Key: "user", Value: "gordon"}}},
+		{"/aa/aa", false, "/aa/*xx", Params{Param{Key: "xx", Value: "/aa"}}},
+		{"/ab/ab", false, "/ab/*xx", Params{Param{Key: "xx", Value: "/ab"}}},
+		{"/a", false, "/:cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "a"}}},
+		// * Error with argument being intercepted
+		// new PR handle (/all /all/cc /a/cc)
+		// fix PR: https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/pull/2796
+		{"/all", false, "/:cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "all"}}},
+		{"/d", false, "/:cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "d"}}},
+		{"/ad", false, "/:cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "ad"}}},
+		{"/dd", false, "/:cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "dd"}}},
+		{"/dddaa", false, "/:cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "dddaa"}}},
+		{"/aa", false, "/:cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "aa"}}},
+		{"/aaa", false, "/:cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "aaa"}}},
+		{"/aaa/cc", false, "/:cc/cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "aaa"}}},
+		{"/ab", false, "/:cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "ab"}}},
+		{"/abb", false, "/:cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "abb"}}},
+		{"/abb/cc", false, "/:cc/cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "abb"}}},
+		{"/allxxxx", false, "/:cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "allxxxx"}}},
+		{"/alldd", false, "/:cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "alldd"}}},
+		{"/all/cc", false, "/:cc/cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "all"}}},
+		{"/a/cc", false, "/:cc/cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "a"}}},
+		{"/c1/d/e", false, "/c1/:dd/e", Params{Param{Key: "dd", Value: "d"}}},
+		{"/c1/d/e1", false, "/c1/:dd/e1", Params{Param{Key: "dd", Value: "d"}}},
+		{"/c1/d/ee", false, "/:cc/:dd/ee", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "c1"}, Param{Key: "dd", Value: "d"}}},
+		{"/cc/cc", false, "/:cc/cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "cc"}}},
+		{"/ccc/cc", false, "/:cc/cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "ccc"}}},
+		{"/deedwjfs/cc", false, "/:cc/cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "deedwjfs"}}},
+		{"/acllcc/cc", false, "/:cc/cc", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "acllcc"}}},
+		{"/get/test/abc/", false, "/get/test/abc/", nil},
+		{"/get/te/abc/", false, "/get/:param/abc/", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "te"}}},
+		{"/get/testaa/abc/", false, "/get/:param/abc/", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "testaa"}}},
+		{"/get/xx/abc/", false, "/get/:param/abc/", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "xx"}}},
+		{"/get/tt/abc/", false, "/get/:param/abc/", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "tt"}}},
+		{"/get/a/abc/", false, "/get/:param/abc/", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "a"}}},
+		{"/get/t/abc/", false, "/get/:param/abc/", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "t"}}},
+		{"/get/aa/abc/", false, "/get/:param/abc/", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "aa"}}},
+		{"/get/abas/abc/", false, "/get/:param/abc/", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "abas"}}},
+		{"/something/secondthing/test", false, "/something/secondthing/test", nil},
+		{"/something/abcdad/thirdthing", false, "/something/:paramname/thirdthing", Params{Param{Key: "paramname", Value: "abcdad"}}},
+		{"/something/secondthingaaaa/thirdthing", false, "/something/:paramname/thirdthing", Params{Param{Key: "paramname", Value: "secondthingaaaa"}}},
+		{"/something/se/thirdthing", false, "/something/:paramname/thirdthing", Params{Param{Key: "paramname", Value: "se"}}},
+		{"/something/s/thirdthing", false, "/something/:paramname/thirdthing", Params{Param{Key: "paramname", Value: "s"}}},
+		{"/c/d/ee", false, "/:cc/:dd/ee", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "c"}, Param{Key: "dd", Value: "d"}}},
+		{"/c/d/e/ff", false, "/:cc/:dd/:ee/ff", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "c"}, Param{Key: "dd", Value: "d"}, Param{Key: "ee", Value: "e"}}},
+		{"/c/d/e/f/gg", false, "/:cc/:dd/:ee/:ff/gg", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "c"}, Param{Key: "dd", Value: "d"}, Param{Key: "ee", Value: "e"}, Param{Key: "ff", Value: "f"}}},
+		{"/c/d/e/f/g/hh", false, "/:cc/:dd/:ee/:ff/:gg/hh", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "c"}, Param{Key: "dd", Value: "d"}, Param{Key: "ee", Value: "e"}, Param{Key: "ff", Value: "f"}, Param{Key: "gg", Value: "g"}}},
+		{"/cc/dd/ee/ff/gg/hh", false, "/:cc/:dd/:ee/:ff/:gg/hh", Params{Param{Key: "cc", Value: "cc"}, Param{Key: "dd", Value: "dd"}, Param{Key: "ee", Value: "ee"}, Param{Key: "ff", Value: "ff"}, Param{Key: "gg", Value: "gg"}}},
+		{"/get/abc", false, "/get/abc", nil},
+		{"/get/a", false, "/get/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "a"}}},
+		{"/get/abz", false, "/get/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "abz"}}},
+		{"/get/12a", false, "/get/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "12a"}}},
+		{"/get/abcd", false, "/get/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "abcd"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc", false, "/get/abc/123abc", nil},
+		{"/get/abc/12", false, "/get/abc/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "12"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123ab", false, "/get/abc/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "123ab"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/xyz", false, "/get/abc/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "xyz"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abcddxx", false, "/get/abc/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "123abcddxx"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8", nil},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/x", false, "/get/abc/123abc/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "x"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx", false, "/get/abc/123abc/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "xxx"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/abc", false, "/get/abc/123abc/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "abc"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8xxas", false, "/get/abc/123abc/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "xxx8xxas"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234", nil},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "1"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/123", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "123"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/78k", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "78k"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234xxxd", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "1234xxxd"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/ffas", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/ffas", nil},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/f", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "f"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/ffa", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "ffa"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kka", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "kka"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/ffas321", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "ffas321"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/12c", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/12c", nil},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/1", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "1"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/12", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "12"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/12b", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "12b"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/34", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "34"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/12c2e3", false, "/get/abc/123abc/xxx8/1234/kkdd/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "12c2e3"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/12/test", false, "/get/abc/:param/test", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "12"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abdd/test", false, "/get/abc/:param/test", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "123abdd"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abdddf/test", false, "/get/abc/:param/test", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "123abdddf"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123ab/test", false, "/get/abc/:param/test", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "123ab"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abgg/test", false, "/get/abc/:param/test", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "123abgg"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abff/test", false, "/get/abc/:param/test", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "123abff"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abffff/test", false, "/get/abc/:param/test", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "123abffff"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abd/test", false, "/get/abc/123abd/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "test"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abddd/test", false, "/get/abc/123abddd/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "test"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123/test22", false, "/get/abc/123/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "test22"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abg/test", false, "/get/abc/123abg/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "test"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abf/testss", false, "/get/abc/123abf/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "testss"}}},
+		{"/get/abc/123abfff/te", false, "/get/abc/123abfff/:param", Params{Param{Key: "param", Value: "te"}}},
 	})
 
 	checkPriorities(t, tree)
@@ -318,7 +447,7 @@ func TestTreeChildConflict(t *testing.T) {
 	testRoutes(t, routes)
 }
 
-func TestTreeDupliatePath(t *testing.T) {
+func TestTreeDuplicatePath(t *testing.T) {
 	tree := &node{}
 
 	routes := [...]string{
@@ -458,7 +587,15 @@ func TestTreeTrailingSlashRedirect(t *testing.T) {
 		"/doc/go1.html",
 		"/no/a",
 		"/no/b",
-		"/api/hello/:name",
+		"/api/:page/:name",
+		"/api/hello/:name/bar/",
+		"/api/bar/:name",
+		"/api/baz/foo",
+		"/api/baz/foo/bar",
+		"/blog/:p",
+		"/posts/:b/:c",
+		"/posts/b/:c/d/",
+		"/vendor/:x/*y",
 	}
 	for _, route := range routes {
 		recv := catchPanic(func() {
@@ -484,9 +621,22 @@ func TestTreeTrailingSlashRedirect(t *testing.T) {
 		"/admin/config/",
 		"/admin/config/permissions/",
 		"/doc/",
+		"/admin/static/",
+		"/admin/cfg/",
+		"/admin/cfg/users/",
+		"/api/hello/x/bar",
+		"/api/baz/foo/",
+		"/api/baz/bax/",
+		"/api/bar/huh/",
+		"/api/baz/foo/bar/",
+		"/api/world/abc/",
+		"/blog/pp/",
+		"/posts/b/c/d",
+		"/vendor/x",
 	}
+
 	for _, route := range tsrRoutes {
-		value := tree.getValue(route, nil, false)
+		value := tree.getValue(route, nil, getSkippedNodes(), false)
 		if value.handlers != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("non-nil handler for TSR route '%s", route)
 		} else if !value.tsr {
@@ -500,10 +650,14 @@ func TestTreeTrailingSlashRedirect(t *testing.T) {
 		"/no/",
 		"/_",
 		"/_/",
-		"/api/world/abc",
+		"/api",
+		"/api/",
+		"/api/hello/x/foo",
+		"/api/baz/foo/bad",
+		"/foo/p/p",
 	}
 	for _, route := range noTsrRoutes {
-		value := tree.getValue(route, nil, false)
+		value := tree.getValue(route, nil, getSkippedNodes(), false)
 		if value.handlers != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("non-nil handler for No-TSR route '%s", route)
 		} else if value.tsr {
@@ -522,7 +676,7 @@ func TestTreeRootTrailingSlashRedirect(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("panic inserting test route: %v", recv)
 	}
 
-	value := tree.getValue("/", nil, false)
+	value := tree.getValue("/", nil, getSkippedNodes(), false)
 	if value.handlers != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("non-nil handler")
 	} else if value.tsr {
@@ -702,7 +856,7 @@ func TestTreeInvalidNodeType(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// normal lookup
 	recv := catchPanic(func() {
-		tree.getValue("/test", nil, false)
+		tree.getValue("/test", nil, getSkippedNodes(), false)
 	})
 	if rs, ok := recv.(string); !ok || rs != panicMsg {
 		t.Fatalf("Expected panic '"+panicMsg+"', got '%v'", recv)
@@ -717,6 +871,19 @@ func TestTreeInvalidNodeType(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestTreeInvalidParamsType(t *testing.T) {
+	tree := &node{}
+	tree.wildChild = true
+	tree.children = append(tree.children, &node{})
+	tree.children[0].nType = 2
+
+	// set invalid Params type
+	params := make(Params, 0)
+
+	// try to trigger slice bounds out of range with capacity 0
+	tree.getValue("/test", &params, getSkippedNodes(), false)
+}
+
 func TestTreeWildcardConflictEx(t *testing.T) {
 	conflicts := [...]struct {
 		route        string
diff --git a/utils_test.go b/utils_test.go
index cc486c3..d2a740b 100644
--- a/utils_test.go
+++ b/utils_test.go
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ func TestWrap(t *testing.T) {
 		fmt.Fprint(w, "hola!")
 	}))
 
-	w := performRequest(router, "POST", "/path")
+	w := PerformRequest(router, "POST", "/path")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusInternalServerError, w.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, "hello", w.Body.String())
 
-	w = performRequest(router, "GET", "/path2")
+	w = PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/path2")
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusBadRequest, w.Code)
 	assert.Equal(t, "hola!", w.Body.String())
 }
@@ -119,13 +119,13 @@ func TestBindMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 		called = true
 		value = c.MustGet(BindKey).(*bindTestStruct)
 	})
-	performRequest(router, "GET", "/?foo=hola&bar=10")
+	PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/?foo=hola&bar=10")
 	assert.True(t, called)
 	assert.Equal(t, "hola", value.Foo)
 	assert.Equal(t, 10, value.Bar)
 
 	called = false
-	performRequest(router, "GET", "/?foo=hola&bar=1")
+	PerformRequest(router, "GET", "/?foo=hola&bar=1")
 	assert.False(t, called)
 
 	assert.Panics(t, func() {
@@ -143,3 +143,8 @@ func TestMarshalXMLforH(t *testing.T) {
 	e := h.MarshalXML(enc, x)
 	assert.Error(t, e)
 }
+
+func TestIsASCII(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.Equal(t, isASCII("test"), true)
+	assert.Equal(t, isASCII("🧡💛💚💙💜"), false)
+}