nc33/multispan_quoref huggingface dataset:
Johnny, played by Johnny Solo, pulls over at the end of his shift as a New York City taxi driver. Suddenly, it's quiet, he's alone and the reality of his miserable life starts to surface. It's obvious in his face and the look in his eyes that he is depressed, on edge and seeking an escape—an escape he hopes to achieve by his dependency on drugs and alcohol. That night's drug purchase doesn't go as planned as he finds himself at the mercy of his drug dealer.
Johnny's inner demons as well as his father's financial dependency on him overwhelms him. He's back in his taxi and about to act on negative impulses. Suddenly, he's interrupted by a hard knock on the driver's side window. Lily, played by 2X BAFTA nominated actress, Lelia Goldoni, had her acting debut by being nominated for the BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles at the Venice Film Festival by acting in John Cassavetes feature film Shadows (1959 film).Lily stands outside in the freezing cold weather insisting on a ride home. Barely rolling down his window and after some persuasion, Johnny reluctantly agrees to drive her, for a price. What follows is an unexpected journey.

Question: Whose performance in Shadows lead to a BAFTA nomination?
Answer: Lelia Goldoni
Johnny, played by Johnny Solo, pulls over at the end of his shift as a New York City taxi driver. Suddenly, it's quiet, he's alone and the reality of his miserable life starts to surface. It's obvious in his face and the look in his eyes that he is depressed, on edge and seeking an escape—an escape he hopes to achieve by his dependency on drugs and alcohol. That night's drug purchase doesn't go as planned as he finds himself at the mercy of his drug dealer.
Johnny's inner demons as well as his father's financial dependency on him overwhelms him. He's back in his taxi and about to act on negative impulses. Suddenly, he's interrupted by a hard knock on the driver's side window. Lily, played by 2X BAFTA nominated actress, Lelia Goldoni, had her acting debut by being nominated for the BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles at the Venice Film Festival by acting in John Cassavetes feature film Shadows (1959 film).Lily stands outside in the freezing cold weather insisting on a ride home. Barely rolling down his window and after some persuasion, Johnny reluctantly agrees to drive her, for a price. What follows is an unexpected journey.

Question: Who is Johnny's father dependent on financially?
Answer: Johnny
Johnny, played by Johnny Solo, pulls over at the end of his shift as a New York City taxi driver. Suddenly, it's quiet, he's alone and the reality of his miserable life starts to surface. It's obvious in his face and the look in his eyes that he is depressed, on edge and seeking an escape—an escape he hopes to achieve by his dependency on drugs and alcohol. That night's drug purchase doesn't go as planned as he finds himself at the mercy of his drug dealer.
Johnny's inner demons as well as his father's financial dependency on him overwhelms him. He's back in his taxi and about to act on negative impulses. Suddenly, he's interrupted by a hard knock on the driver's side window. Lily, played by 2X BAFTA nominated actress, Lelia Goldoni, had her acting debut by being nominated for the BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles at the Venice Film Festival by acting in John Cassavetes feature film Shadows (1959 film).Lily stands outside in the freezing cold weather insisting on a ride home. Barely rolling down his window and after some persuasion, Johnny reluctantly agrees to drive her, for a price. What follows is an unexpected journey.

Question: What does the drug addict drive?
Answer: taxi
Johnny, played by Johnny Solo, pulls over at the end of his shift as a New York City taxi driver. Suddenly, it's quiet, he's alone and the reality of his miserable life starts to surface. It's obvious in his face and the look in his eyes that he is depressed, on edge and seeking an escape—an escape he hopes to achieve by his dependency on drugs and alcohol. That night's drug purchase doesn't go as planned as he finds himself at the mercy of his drug dealer.
Johnny's inner demons as well as his father's financial dependency on him overwhelms him. He's back in his taxi and about to act on negative impulses. Suddenly, he's interrupted by a hard knock on the driver's side window. Lily, played by 2X BAFTA nominated actress, Lelia Goldoni, had her acting debut by being nominated for the BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles at the Venice Film Festival by acting in John Cassavetes feature film Shadows (1959 film).Lily stands outside in the freezing cold weather insisting on a ride home. Barely rolling down his window and after some persuasion, Johnny reluctantly agrees to drive her, for a price. What follows is an unexpected journey.

Question: Who plays the character who asks for a ride home?
Answer: Lelia Goldoni
Johnny, played by Johnny Solo, pulls over at the end of his shift as a New York City taxi driver. Suddenly, it's quiet, he's alone and the reality of his miserable life starts to surface. It's obvious in his face and the look in his eyes that he is depressed, on edge and seeking an escape—an escape he hopes to achieve by his dependency on drugs and alcohol. That night's drug purchase doesn't go as planned as he finds himself at the mercy of his drug dealer.
Johnny's inner demons as well as his father's financial dependency on him overwhelms him. He's back in his taxi and about to act on negative impulses. Suddenly, he's interrupted by a hard knock on the driver's side window. Lily, played by 2X BAFTA nominated actress, Lelia Goldoni, had her acting debut by being nominated for the BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles at the Venice Film Festival by acting in John Cassavetes feature film Shadows (1959 film).Lily stands outside in the freezing cold weather insisting on a ride home. Barely rolling down his window and after some persuasion, Johnny reluctantly agrees to drive her, for a price. What follows is an unexpected journey.

Question: Who depends on drugs and alcohol?
Answer: Johnny
Johnny, played by Johnny Solo, pulls over at the end of his shift as a New York City taxi driver. Suddenly, it's quiet, he's alone and the reality of his miserable life starts to surface. It's obvious in his face and the look in his eyes that he is depressed, on edge and seeking an escape—an escape he hopes to achieve by his dependency on drugs and alcohol. That night's drug purchase doesn't go as planned as he finds himself at the mercy of his drug dealer.
Johnny's inner demons as well as his father's financial dependency on him overwhelms him. He's back in his taxi and about to act on negative impulses. Suddenly, he's interrupted by a hard knock on the driver's side window. Lily, played by 2X BAFTA nominated actress, Lelia Goldoni, had her acting debut by being nominated for the BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles at the Venice Film Festival by acting in John Cassavetes feature film Shadows (1959 film).Lily stands outside in the freezing cold weather insisting on a ride home. Barely rolling down his window and after some persuasion, Johnny reluctantly agrees to drive her, for a price. What follows is an unexpected journey.

Question: What does Johnny giving Lily a ride lead to?
Answer: an unexpected journey
Johnny, played by Johnny Solo, pulls over at the end of his shift as a New York City taxi driver. Suddenly, it's quiet, he's alone and the reality of his miserable life starts to surface. It's obvious in his face and the look in his eyes that he is depressed, on edge and seeking an escape—an escape he hopes to achieve by his dependency on drugs and alcohol. That night's drug purchase doesn't go as planned as he finds himself at the mercy of his drug dealer.
Johnny's inner demons as well as his father's financial dependency on him overwhelms him. He's back in his taxi and about to act on negative impulses. Suddenly, he's interrupted by a hard knock on the driver's side window. Lily, played by 2X BAFTA nominated actress, Lelia Goldoni, had her acting debut by being nominated for the BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles at the Venice Film Festival by acting in John Cassavetes feature film Shadows (1959 film).Lily stands outside in the freezing cold weather insisting on a ride home. Barely rolling down his window and after some persuasion, Johnny reluctantly agrees to drive her, for a price. What follows is an unexpected journey.

Question: Who interrupts Johnny's negative impulses?
Answer: Lily
Johnny, played by Johnny Solo, pulls over at the end of his shift as a New York City taxi driver. Suddenly, it's quiet, he's alone and the reality of his miserable life starts to surface. It's obvious in his face and the look in his eyes that he is depressed, on edge and seeking an escape—an escape he hopes to achieve by his dependency on drugs and alcohol. That night's drug purchase doesn't go as planned as he finds himself at the mercy of his drug dealer.
Johnny's inner demons as well as his father's financial dependency on him overwhelms him. He's back in his taxi and about to act on negative impulses. Suddenly, he's interrupted by a hard knock on the driver's side window. Lily, played by 2X BAFTA nominated actress, Lelia Goldoni, had her acting debut by being nominated for the BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles at the Venice Film Festival by acting in John Cassavetes feature film Shadows (1959 film).Lily stands outside in the freezing cold weather insisting on a ride home. Barely rolling down his window and after some persuasion, Johnny reluctantly agrees to drive her, for a price. What follows is an unexpected journey.

Question: What does the man whose window gets knocked on do for a living?
Answer: taxi driver
Johnny, played by Johnny Solo, pulls over at the end of his shift as a New York City taxi driver. Suddenly, it's quiet, he's alone and the reality of his miserable life starts to surface. It's obvious in his face and the look in his eyes that he is depressed, on edge and seeking an escape—an escape he hopes to achieve by his dependency on drugs and alcohol. That night's drug purchase doesn't go as planned as he finds himself at the mercy of his drug dealer.
Johnny's inner demons as well as his father's financial dependency on him overwhelms him. He's back in his taxi and about to act on negative impulses. Suddenly, he's interrupted by a hard knock on the driver's side window. Lily, played by 2X BAFTA nominated actress, Lelia Goldoni, had her acting debut by being nominated for the BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer to Leading Film Roles at the Venice Film Festival by acting in John Cassavetes feature film Shadows (1959 film).Lily stands outside in the freezing cold weather insisting on a ride home. Barely rolling down his window and after some persuasion, Johnny reluctantly agrees to drive her, for a price. What follows is an unexpected journey.

Question: Who plays the person that gives Lily a ride?
Answer: Johnny Solo
Dr. Henry Jekyll, a kind English doctor in Victorian London, is certain that within each man lurks impulses for both good and evil. He is desperately in love with his fiancée Muriel Carew and wants to marry her immediately. But her father, Brigadier General Sir Danvers Carew, orders them to wait. One night, while walking home with his colleague, Dr. John Lanyon, Jekyll spots a bar singer, Ivy Pierson, being attacked by a man outside her boarding house. Jekyll drives the man away and carries Ivy up to her room to attend to her. Ivy tries to seduce Jekyll but, though he is tempted, he leaves with Lanyon.
When Sir Danvers takes Muriel to Bath, Jekyll begins to experiment with drugs that he believes will unleash his evil side. After imbibing a concoction of these drugs, he transforms into Edward Hyde—an impulsive, violent, amoral man who indulges his every desire. Hyde finds Ivy in the music hall where she works. He offers to financially support her in return for her company. They stay at her boarding house where Hyde sexually abuses and psychologically manipulates her. When Hyde reads in the paper that Sir Danvers and Muriel are planning to return to London, Hyde leaves Ivy but threatens her that he'll return when she least expects it.
Overcome with guilt, Jekyll sends £50 to Ivy. On the advice of her landlady, Ivy goes to see Dr. Jekyll and recognizes him as the man who saved her from abuse that night. She tearfully tells him about her situation with Hyde, and Jekyll reassures her that she will never see Hyde again. But the next night, while walking to a party at Muriel's where the wedding date is to be announced, Jekyll spontaneously changes into Hyde. Rather than attend the party, Hyde goes to Ivy's room and murders her.

Question: Who is with Henry Jekyll when he sees a woman needing help?
Answer: Dr. John Lanyon
Dr. Henry Jekyll, a kind English doctor in Victorian London, is certain that within each man lurks impulses for both good and evil. He is desperately in love with his fiancée Muriel Carew and wants to marry her immediately. But her father, Brigadier General Sir Danvers Carew, orders them to wait. One night, while walking home with his colleague, Dr. John Lanyon, Jekyll spots a bar singer, Ivy Pierson, being attacked by a man outside her boarding house. Jekyll drives the man away and carries Ivy up to her room to attend to her. Ivy tries to seduce Jekyll but, though he is tempted, he leaves with Lanyon.
When Sir Danvers takes Muriel to Bath, Jekyll begins to experiment with drugs that he believes will unleash his evil side. After imbibing a concoction of these drugs, he transforms into Edward Hyde—an impulsive, violent, amoral man who indulges his every desire. Hyde finds Ivy in the music hall where she works. He offers to financially support her in return for her company. They stay at her boarding house where Hyde sexually abuses and psychologically manipulates her. When Hyde reads in the paper that Sir Danvers and Muriel are planning to return to London, Hyde leaves Ivy but threatens her that he'll return when she least expects it.
Overcome with guilt, Jekyll sends £50 to Ivy. On the advice of her landlady, Ivy goes to see Dr. Jekyll and recognizes him as the man who saved her from abuse that night. She tearfully tells him about her situation with Hyde, and Jekyll reassures her that she will never see Hyde again. But the next night, while walking to a party at Muriel's where the wedding date is to be announced, Jekyll spontaneously changes into Hyde. Rather than attend the party, Hyde goes to Ivy's room and murders her.

Question: Which women does Henry Jekyll help?
Answer: Ivy Pierson
Dr. Henry Jekyll, a kind English doctor in Victorian London, is certain that within each man lurks impulses for both good and evil. He is desperately in love with his fiancée Muriel Carew and wants to marry her immediately. But her father, Brigadier General Sir Danvers Carew, orders them to wait. One night, while walking home with his colleague, Dr. John Lanyon, Jekyll spots a bar singer, Ivy Pierson, being attacked by a man outside her boarding house. Jekyll drives the man away and carries Ivy up to her room to attend to her. Ivy tries to seduce Jekyll but, though he is tempted, he leaves with Lanyon.
When Sir Danvers takes Muriel to Bath, Jekyll begins to experiment with drugs that he believes will unleash his evil side. After imbibing a concoction of these drugs, he transforms into Edward Hyde—an impulsive, violent, amoral man who indulges his every desire. Hyde finds Ivy in the music hall where she works. He offers to financially support her in return for her company. They stay at her boarding house where Hyde sexually abuses and psychologically manipulates her. When Hyde reads in the paper that Sir Danvers and Muriel are planning to return to London, Hyde leaves Ivy but threatens her that he'll return when she least expects it.
Overcome with guilt, Jekyll sends £50 to Ivy. On the advice of her landlady, Ivy goes to see Dr. Jekyll and recognizes him as the man who saved her from abuse that night. She tearfully tells him about her situation with Hyde, and Jekyll reassures her that she will never see Hyde again. But the next night, while walking to a party at Muriel's where the wedding date is to be announced, Jekyll spontaneously changes into Hyde. Rather than attend the party, Hyde goes to Ivy's room and murders her.

Question: Who refuses the attention of the bar singer?
Answer: Jekyll
Dr. Henry Jekyll, a kind English doctor in Victorian London, is certain that within each man lurks impulses for both good and evil. He is desperately in love with his fiancée Muriel Carew and wants to marry her immediately. But her father, Brigadier General Sir Danvers Carew, orders them to wait. One night, while walking home with his colleague, Dr. John Lanyon, Jekyll spots a bar singer, Ivy Pierson, being attacked by a man outside her boarding house. Jekyll drives the man away and carries Ivy up to her room to attend to her. Ivy tries to seduce Jekyll but, though he is tempted, he leaves with Lanyon.
When Sir Danvers takes Muriel to Bath, Jekyll begins to experiment with drugs that he believes will unleash his evil side. After imbibing a concoction of these drugs, he transforms into Edward Hyde—an impulsive, violent, amoral man who indulges his every desire. Hyde finds Ivy in the music hall where she works. He offers to financially support her in return for her company. They stay at her boarding house where Hyde sexually abuses and psychologically manipulates her. When Hyde reads in the paper that Sir Danvers and Muriel are planning to return to London, Hyde leaves Ivy but threatens her that he'll return when she least expects it.
Overcome with guilt, Jekyll sends £50 to Ivy. On the advice of her landlady, Ivy goes to see Dr. Jekyll and recognizes him as the man who saved her from abuse that night. She tearfully tells him about her situation with Hyde, and Jekyll reassures her that she will never see Hyde again. But the next night, while walking to a party at Muriel's where the wedding date is to be announced, Jekyll spontaneously changes into Hyde. Rather than attend the party, Hyde goes to Ivy's room and murders her.

Question: Who pays money to the bar singer for sex?
Answer: Edward Hyde
The Rokeby Venus (; also known as The Toilet of Venus, Venus at her Mirror, Venus and Cupid, or  La Venus del espejo) is a painting by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age.  Completed between 1647 and 1651, and probably painted during the artist's visit to Italy, the work depicts the goddess Venus in a sensual pose, lying on a bed and looking into a mirror held by the Roman god of physical love, her son Cupid. The painting is in the National Gallery, London.
Numerous works, from the ancient to the baroque, have been cited as sources of inspiration for Velázquez. The nude Venuses of the Italian painters, such as Giorgione's Sleeping Venus (c. 1510) and Titian's Venus of Urbino (1538), were the main precedents. In this work, Velázquez combined two established poses for Venus: recumbent on a couch or a bed, and gazing at a mirror. She is often described as looking at herself on the mirror, although this is physically impossible since viewers can see her face reflected in their direction. This phenomenon is known as the Venus effect. In a number of ways the painting represents a pictorial departure, through its central use of a mirror, and because it shows the body of Venus turned away from the observer of the painting.The Rokeby Venus is the only surviving female nude by Velázquez. Nudes were extremely rare in seventeenth-century Spanish art, which was policed actively by members of the Spanish Inquisition. Despite this, nudes by foreign artists were keenly collected by the court circle, and this painting was hung in the houses of Spanish courtiers until 1813, when it was brought to England to hang in Rokeby Park, Yorkshire. In 1906, the painting was purchased by National Art Collections Fund for the National Gallery, London. Although it was attacked and badly damaged in 1914 by the suffragette Mary Richardson, it soon was fully restored and returned to display.

Question: What is the name of the person that has a son named Cupid?
Answer: Venus
The Rokeby Venus (; also known as The Toilet of Venus, Venus at her Mirror, Venus and Cupid, or  La Venus del espejo) is a painting by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age.  Completed between 1647 and 1651, and probably painted during the artist's visit to Italy, the work depicts the goddess Venus in a sensual pose, lying on a bed and looking into a mirror held by the Roman god of physical love, her son Cupid. The painting is in the National Gallery, London.
Numerous works, from the ancient to the baroque, have been cited as sources of inspiration for Velázquez. The nude Venuses of the Italian painters, such as Giorgione's Sleeping Venus (c. 1510) and Titian's Venus of Urbino (1538), were the main precedents. In this work, Velázquez combined two established poses for Venus: recumbent on a couch or a bed, and gazing at a mirror. She is often described as looking at herself on the mirror, although this is physically impossible since viewers can see her face reflected in their direction. This phenomenon is known as the Venus effect. In a number of ways the painting represents a pictorial departure, through its central use of a mirror, and because it shows the body of Venus turned away from the observer of the painting.The Rokeby Venus is the only surviving female nude by Velázquez. Nudes were extremely rare in seventeenth-century Spanish art, which was policed actively by members of the Spanish Inquisition. Despite this, nudes by foreign artists were keenly collected by the court circle, and this painting was hung in the houses of Spanish courtiers until 1813, when it was brought to England to hang in Rokeby Park, Yorkshire. In 1906, the painting was purchased by National Art Collections Fund for the National Gallery, London. Although it was attacked and badly damaged in 1914 by the suffragette Mary Richardson, it soon was fully restored and returned to display.

Question: What is the full name of the artist that had his painting hung in the houses of Spanish courtiers until 1813?
Answer: Diego Velázquez
The Rokeby Venus (; also known as The Toilet of Venus, Venus at her Mirror, Venus and Cupid, or  La Venus del espejo) is a painting by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age.  Completed between 1647 and 1651, and probably painted during the artist's visit to Italy, the work depicts the goddess Venus in a sensual pose, lying on a bed and looking into a mirror held by the Roman god of physical love, her son Cupid. The painting is in the National Gallery, London.
Numerous works, from the ancient to the baroque, have been cited as sources of inspiration for Velázquez. The nude Venuses of the Italian painters, such as Giorgione's Sleeping Venus (c. 1510) and Titian's Venus of Urbino (1538), were the main precedents. In this work, Velázquez combined two established poses for Venus: recumbent on a couch or a bed, and gazing at a mirror. She is often described as looking at herself on the mirror, although this is physically impossible since viewers can see her face reflected in their direction. This phenomenon is known as the Venus effect. In a number of ways the painting represents a pictorial departure, through its central use of a mirror, and because it shows the body of Venus turned away from the observer of the painting.The Rokeby Venus is the only surviving female nude by Velázquez. Nudes were extremely rare in seventeenth-century Spanish art, which was policed actively by members of the Spanish Inquisition. Despite this, nudes by foreign artists were keenly collected by the court circle, and this painting was hung in the houses of Spanish courtiers until 1813, when it was brought to England to hang in Rokeby Park, Yorkshire. In 1906, the painting was purchased by National Art Collections Fund for the National Gallery, London. Although it was attacked and badly damaged in 1914 by the suffragette Mary Richardson, it soon was fully restored and returned to display.

Question: What year was the Rokeby Venus moved to England?
Answer: 1813
The Rokeby Venus (; also known as The Toilet of Venus, Venus at her Mirror, Venus and Cupid, or  La Venus del espejo) is a painting by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age.  Completed between 1647 and 1651, and probably painted during the artist's visit to Italy, the work depicts the goddess Venus in a sensual pose, lying on a bed and looking into a mirror held by the Roman god of physical love, her son Cupid. The painting is in the National Gallery, London.
Numerous works, from the ancient to the baroque, have been cited as sources of inspiration for Velázquez. The nude Venuses of the Italian painters, such as Giorgione's Sleeping Venus (c. 1510) and Titian's Venus of Urbino (1538), were the main precedents. In this work, Velázquez combined two established poses for Venus: recumbent on a couch or a bed, and gazing at a mirror. She is often described as looking at herself on the mirror, although this is physically impossible since viewers can see her face reflected in their direction. This phenomenon is known as the Venus effect. In a number of ways the painting represents a pictorial departure, through its central use of a mirror, and because it shows the body of Venus turned away from the observer of the painting.The Rokeby Venus is the only surviving female nude by Velázquez. Nudes were extremely rare in seventeenth-century Spanish art, which was policed actively by members of the Spanish Inquisition. Despite this, nudes by foreign artists were keenly collected by the court circle, and this painting was hung in the houses of Spanish courtiers until 1813, when it was brought to England to hang in Rokeby Park, Yorkshire. In 1906, the painting was purchased by National Art Collections Fund for the National Gallery, London. Although it was attacked and badly damaged in 1914 by the suffragette Mary Richardson, it soon was fully restored and returned to display.

Question: What is the name of the person that badly destroyed the Rokeby Venus?
Answer: Mary Richardson
The Rokeby Venus (; also known as The Toilet of Venus, Venus at her Mirror, Venus and Cupid, or  La Venus del espejo) is a painting by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age.  Completed between 1647 and 1651, and probably painted during the artist's visit to Italy, the work depicts the goddess Venus in a sensual pose, lying on a bed and looking into a mirror held by the Roman god of physical love, her son Cupid. The painting is in the National Gallery, London.
Numerous works, from the ancient to the baroque, have been cited as sources of inspiration for Velázquez. The nude Venuses of the Italian painters, such as Giorgione's Sleeping Venus (c. 1510) and Titian's Venus of Urbino (1538), were the main precedents. In this work, Velázquez combined two established poses for Venus: recumbent on a couch or a bed, and gazing at a mirror. She is often described as looking at herself on the mirror, although this is physically impossible since viewers can see her face reflected in their direction. This phenomenon is known as the Venus effect. In a number of ways the painting represents a pictorial departure, through its central use of a mirror, and because it shows the body of Venus turned away from the observer of the painting.The Rokeby Venus is the only surviving female nude by Velázquez. Nudes were extremely rare in seventeenth-century Spanish art, which was policed actively by members of the Spanish Inquisition. Despite this, nudes by foreign artists were keenly collected by the court circle, and this painting was hung in the houses of Spanish courtiers until 1813, when it was brought to England to hang in Rokeby Park, Yorkshire. In 1906, the painting was purchased by National Art Collections Fund for the National Gallery, London. Although it was attacked and badly damaged in 1914 by the suffragette Mary Richardson, it soon was fully restored and returned to display.

Question: In what year was the Rokeby Venus badly destroyed?
Answer: 1914
The Rokeby Venus (; also known as The Toilet of Venus, Venus at her Mirror, Venus and Cupid, or  La Venus del espejo) is a painting by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age.  Completed between 1647 and 1651, and probably painted during the artist's visit to Italy, the work depicts the goddess Venus in a sensual pose, lying on a bed and looking into a mirror held by the Roman god of physical love, her son Cupid. The painting is in the National Gallery, London.
Numerous works, from the ancient to the baroque, have been cited as sources of inspiration for Velázquez. The nude Venuses of the Italian painters, such as Giorgione's Sleeping Venus (c. 1510) and Titian's Venus of Urbino (1538), were the main precedents. In this work, Velázquez combined two established poses for Venus: recumbent on a couch or a bed, and gazing at a mirror. She is often described as looking at herself on the mirror, although this is physically impossible since viewers can see her face reflected in their direction. This phenomenon is known as the Venus effect. In a number of ways the painting represents a pictorial departure, through its central use of a mirror, and because it shows the body of Venus turned away from the observer of the painting.The Rokeby Venus is the only surviving female nude by Velázquez. Nudes were extremely rare in seventeenth-century Spanish art, which was policed actively by members of the Spanish Inquisition. Despite this, nudes by foreign artists were keenly collected by the court circle, and this painting was hung in the houses of Spanish courtiers until 1813, when it was brought to England to hang in Rokeby Park, Yorkshire. In 1906, the painting was purchased by National Art Collections Fund for the National Gallery, London. Although it was attacked and badly damaged in 1914 by the suffragette Mary Richardson, it soon was fully restored and returned to display.

Question: What is the first name of the person who cited numerous works, from the ancient to the baroque as sources of inspiration?
Answer: Diego
The Rokeby Venus (; also known as The Toilet of Venus, Venus at her Mirror, Venus and Cupid, or  La Venus del espejo) is a painting by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age.  Completed between 1647 and 1651, and probably painted during the artist's visit to Italy, the work depicts the goddess Venus in a sensual pose, lying on a bed and looking into a mirror held by the Roman god of physical love, her son Cupid. The painting is in the National Gallery, London.
Numerous works, from the ancient to the baroque, have been cited as sources of inspiration for Velázquez. The nude Venuses of the Italian painters, such as Giorgione's Sleeping Venus (c. 1510) and Titian's Venus of Urbino (1538), were the main precedents. In this work, Velázquez combined two established poses for Venus: recumbent on a couch or a bed, and gazing at a mirror. She is often described as looking at herself on the mirror, although this is physically impossible since viewers can see her face reflected in their direction. This phenomenon is known as the Venus effect. In a number of ways the painting represents a pictorial departure, through its central use of a mirror, and because it shows the body of Venus turned away from the observer of the painting.The Rokeby Venus is the only surviving female nude by Velázquez. Nudes were extremely rare in seventeenth-century Spanish art, which was policed actively by members of the Spanish Inquisition. Despite this, nudes by foreign artists were keenly collected by the court circle, and this painting was hung in the houses of Spanish courtiers until 1813, when it was brought to England to hang in Rokeby Park, Yorkshire. In 1906, the painting was purchased by National Art Collections Fund for the National Gallery, London. Although it was attacked and badly damaged in 1914 by the suffragette Mary Richardson, it soon was fully restored and returned to display.

Question: What is the first name of the person who combined two established poses for Venus: recumbent on a couch or a bed, and gazing at a mirror?
Answer: Diego
The Rokeby Venus (; also known as The Toilet of Venus, Venus at her Mirror, Venus and Cupid, or  La Venus del espejo) is a painting by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age.  Completed between 1647 and 1651, and probably painted during the artist's visit to Italy, the work depicts the goddess Venus in a sensual pose, lying on a bed and looking into a mirror held by the Roman god of physical love, her son Cupid. The painting is in the National Gallery, London.
Numerous works, from the ancient to the baroque, have been cited as sources of inspiration for Velázquez. The nude Venuses of the Italian painters, such as Giorgione's Sleeping Venus (c. 1510) and Titian's Venus of Urbino (1538), were the main precedents. In this work, Velázquez combined two established poses for Venus: recumbent on a couch or a bed, and gazing at a mirror. She is often described as looking at herself on the mirror, although this is physically impossible since viewers can see her face reflected in their direction. This phenomenon is known as the Venus effect. In a number of ways the painting represents a pictorial departure, through its central use of a mirror, and because it shows the body of Venus turned away from the observer of the painting.The Rokeby Venus is the only surviving female nude by Velázquez. Nudes were extremely rare in seventeenth-century Spanish art, which was policed actively by members of the Spanish Inquisition. Despite this, nudes by foreign artists were keenly collected by the court circle, and this painting was hung in the houses of Spanish courtiers until 1813, when it was brought to England to hang in Rokeby Park, Yorkshire. In 1906, the painting was purchased by National Art Collections Fund for the National Gallery, London. Although it was attacked and badly damaged in 1914 by the suffragette Mary Richardson, it soon was fully restored and returned to display.

Question: Who is often described as looking at herself on the mirror in the work?
Answer: Venus
The Rokeby Venus (; also known as The Toilet of Venus, Venus at her Mirror, Venus and Cupid, or  La Venus del espejo) is a painting by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age.  Completed between 1647 and 1651, and probably painted during the artist's visit to Italy, the work depicts the goddess Venus in a sensual pose, lying on a bed and looking into a mirror held by the Roman god of physical love, her son Cupid. The painting is in the National Gallery, London.
Numerous works, from the ancient to the baroque, have been cited as sources of inspiration for Velázquez. The nude Venuses of the Italian painters, such as Giorgione's Sleeping Venus (c. 1510) and Titian's Venus of Urbino (1538), were the main precedents. In this work, Velázquez combined two established poses for Venus: recumbent on a couch or a bed, and gazing at a mirror. She is often described as looking at herself on the mirror, although this is physically impossible since viewers can see her face reflected in their direction. This phenomenon is known as the Venus effect. In a number of ways the painting represents a pictorial departure, through its central use of a mirror, and because it shows the body of Venus turned away from the observer of the painting.The Rokeby Venus is the only surviving female nude by Velázquez. Nudes were extremely rare in seventeenth-century Spanish art, which was policed actively by members of the Spanish Inquisition. Despite this, nudes by foreign artists were keenly collected by the court circle, and this painting was hung in the houses of Spanish courtiers until 1813, when it was brought to England to hang in Rokeby Park, Yorkshire. In 1906, the painting was purchased by National Art Collections Fund for the National Gallery, London. Although it was attacked and badly damaged in 1914 by the suffragette Mary Richardson, it soon was fully restored and returned to display.

Question: Whose face is reflected in the viewers direction?
Answer: Venus
The Rokeby Venus (; also known as The Toilet of Venus, Venus at her Mirror, Venus and Cupid, or  La Venus del espejo) is a painting by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age.  Completed between 1647 and 1651, and probably painted during the artist's visit to Italy, the work depicts the goddess Venus in a sensual pose, lying on a bed and looking into a mirror held by the Roman god of physical love, her son Cupid. The painting is in the National Gallery, London.
Numerous works, from the ancient to the baroque, have been cited as sources of inspiration for Velázquez. The nude Venuses of the Italian painters, such as Giorgione's Sleeping Venus (c. 1510) and Titian's Venus of Urbino (1538), were the main precedents. In this work, Velázquez combined two established poses for Venus: recumbent on a couch or a bed, and gazing at a mirror. She is often described as looking at herself on the mirror, although this is physically impossible since viewers can see her face reflected in their direction. This phenomenon is known as the Venus effect. In a number of ways the painting represents a pictorial departure, through its central use of a mirror, and because it shows the body of Venus turned away from the observer of the painting.The Rokeby Venus is the only surviving female nude by Velázquez. Nudes were extremely rare in seventeenth-century Spanish art, which was policed actively by members of the Spanish Inquisition. Despite this, nudes by foreign artists were keenly collected by the court circle, and this painting was hung in the houses of Spanish courtiers until 1813, when it was brought to England to hang in Rokeby Park, Yorkshire. In 1906, the painting was purchased by National Art Collections Fund for the National Gallery, London. Although it was attacked and badly damaged in 1914 by the suffragette Mary Richardson, it soon was fully restored and returned to display.

Question: What was policed actively by members of the Spanish Inquisition?
Answer: seventeenth-century Spanish art
The Rokeby Venus (; also known as The Toilet of Venus, Venus at her Mirror, Venus and Cupid, or  La Venus del espejo) is a painting by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age.  Completed between 1647 and 1651, and probably painted during the artist's visit to Italy, the work depicts the goddess Venus in a sensual pose, lying on a bed and looking into a mirror held by the Roman god of physical love, her son Cupid. The painting is in the National Gallery, London.
Numerous works, from the ancient to the baroque, have been cited as sources of inspiration for Velázquez. The nude Venuses of the Italian painters, such as Giorgione's Sleeping Venus (c. 1510) and Titian's Venus of Urbino (1538), were the main precedents. In this work, Velázquez combined two established poses for Venus: recumbent on a couch or a bed, and gazing at a mirror. She is often described as looking at herself on the mirror, although this is physically impossible since viewers can see her face reflected in their direction. This phenomenon is known as the Venus effect. In a number of ways the painting represents a pictorial departure, through its central use of a mirror, and because it shows the body of Venus turned away from the observer of the painting.The Rokeby Venus is the only surviving female nude by Velázquez. Nudes were extremely rare in seventeenth-century Spanish art, which was policed actively by members of the Spanish Inquisition. Despite this, nudes by foreign artists were keenly collected by the court circle, and this painting was hung in the houses of Spanish courtiers until 1813, when it was brought to England to hang in Rokeby Park, Yorkshire. In 1906, the painting was purchased by National Art Collections Fund for the National Gallery, London. Although it was attacked and badly damaged in 1914 by the suffragette Mary Richardson, it soon was fully restored and returned to display.

Question: What is the first name of the artist whose painting was hung in the houses of Spanish courtiers until 1813?
Answer: Diego
The Rokeby Venus (; also known as The Toilet of Venus, Venus at her Mirror, Venus and Cupid, or  La Venus del espejo) is a painting by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age.  Completed between 1647 and 1651, and probably painted during the artist's visit to Italy, the work depicts the goddess Venus in a sensual pose, lying on a bed and looking into a mirror held by the Roman god of physical love, her son Cupid. The painting is in the National Gallery, London.
Numerous works, from the ancient to the baroque, have been cited as sources of inspiration for Velázquez. The nude Venuses of the Italian painters, such as Giorgione's Sleeping Venus (c. 1510) and Titian's Venus of Urbino (1538), were the main precedents. In this work, Velázquez combined two established poses for Venus: recumbent on a couch or a bed, and gazing at a mirror. She is often described as looking at herself on the mirror, although this is physically impossible since viewers can see her face reflected in their direction. This phenomenon is known as the Venus effect. In a number of ways the painting represents a pictorial departure, through its central use of a mirror, and because it shows the body of Venus turned away from the observer of the painting.The Rokeby Venus is the only surviving female nude by Velázquez. Nudes were extremely rare in seventeenth-century Spanish art, which was policed actively by members of the Spanish Inquisition. Despite this, nudes by foreign artists were keenly collected by the court circle, and this painting was hung in the houses of Spanish courtiers until 1813, when it was brought to England to hang in Rokeby Park, Yorkshire. In 1906, the painting was purchased by National Art Collections Fund for the National Gallery, London. Although it was attacked and badly damaged in 1914 by the suffragette Mary Richardson, it soon was fully restored and returned to display.

Question: What did Mary Richardson attack and damage?
Answer: The Rokeby Venus
The Rokeby Venus is the only surviving nude by Velázquez, but three others by the artist are recorded in 17th-century Spanish inventories. Two were mentioned in the Royal collection, but may have been lost in the 1734 fire that destroyed the main Royal Palace of Madrid. A further one was recorded in the collection of Domingo Guerra Coronel. These records mention "a reclining Venus", Venus and Adonis, and a Psyche and Cupid.Although the work is widely thought to have been painted from life, the identity of the model is subject to much speculation. In contemporary Spain it was acceptable for artists to employ male nude models for studies; however, the use of female nude models was frowned upon. The painting is believed to have been executed during one of Velázquez's visits to Rome, and Prater has observed that in Rome the artist "did indeed lead a life of considerable personal liberty that would have been consistent with the notion of using a live nude female model". It has been claimed that the painting depicts a mistress Velázquez is known to have had while in Italy, who is supposed to have borne his child. Others have claimed that the model is the same as in Coronation of the Virgin and Las Hilanderas, both in the Museo del Prado, and other works.The figures of both Venus and Cupid were significantly altered during the painting process, the result of the artist's corrections to the contours as initially painted. Pentimenti can be seen in Venus's upraised arm, in the position of her left shoulder, and on her head. Infra-red reveals that she was originally shown more upright with her head turned to the left. An area on the left of the painting, extending from Venus's left foot to the left leg and foot of Cupid, is apparently unfinished, but this feature is seen in many other works by Velázquez and was probably deliberate. The painting was given a major cleaning and restoration in 1965–66, which showed it to be in good condition, and with very little paint added later by other artists, contrary to what some earlier writers had asserted.

Question: Whose inventories were the three other nudes by Velázquez recorded in?
Answer: Royal collection, Domingo Guerra Coronel
The Rokeby Venus is the only surviving nude by Velázquez, but three others by the artist are recorded in 17th-century Spanish inventories. Two were mentioned in the Royal collection, but may have been lost in the 1734 fire that destroyed the main Royal Palace of Madrid. A further one was recorded in the collection of Domingo Guerra Coronel. These records mention "a reclining Venus", Venus and Adonis, and a Psyche and Cupid.Although the work is widely thought to have been painted from life, the identity of the model is subject to much speculation. In contemporary Spain it was acceptable for artists to employ male nude models for studies; however, the use of female nude models was frowned upon. The painting is believed to have been executed during one of Velázquez's visits to Rome, and Prater has observed that in Rome the artist "did indeed lead a life of considerable personal liberty that would have been consistent with the notion of using a live nude female model". It has been claimed that the painting depicts a mistress Velázquez is known to have had while in Italy, who is supposed to have borne his child. Others have claimed that the model is the same as in Coronation of the Virgin and Las Hilanderas, both in the Museo del Prado, and other works.The figures of both Venus and Cupid were significantly altered during the painting process, the result of the artist's corrections to the contours as initially painted. Pentimenti can be seen in Venus's upraised arm, in the position of her left shoulder, and on her head. Infra-red reveals that she was originally shown more upright with her head turned to the left. An area on the left of the painting, extending from Venus's left foot to the left leg and foot of Cupid, is apparently unfinished, but this feature is seen in many other works by Velázquez and was probably deliberate. The painting was given a major cleaning and restoration in 1965–66, which showed it to be in good condition, and with very little paint added later by other artists, contrary to what some earlier writers had asserted.

Question: What was the name of the person observed to have led a life of considerable personal liberty?
Answer: Velázquez