nc33/MultiSpan_SQUAD huggingface dataset:
Imperial_College_London

Imperial College Boat Club
The Imperial College Boat Club was founded on 12 December 1919. The Gold medal winning GB 8+ at the 2000 Sydney Olympics had been based at Imperial College's recently refurbished boathouse and included 3 alumni of the college along with their coach Martin McElroy. The club has been highly successful, with many wins at Henley Royal Regatta including most recently in 2013 with victory in The Prince Albert Challenge Cup event. The club has been home to numerous National Squad oarsmen and women and is open to all rowers not just students of Imperial College London.

Question: Which day was the Imperial College Boat Club formed on?
Answer: 12 December 1919

Question: How many alumni from Imperial were a part of the Gold medal winning GB8+?
Answer: 3

Question: What was the name of the coach of the Gold medal winning GB8+?
Answer: Martin McElroy

Question: Which event has the Boat Club been highly successful at?
Answer: Henley Royal Regatta

Question: Which event did the Boat Club claim victory in for 2013?
Answer: The Prince Albert Challenge Cup event
Imperial_College_London

The Royal School of Mines was established by Sir Henry de la Beche in 1851, developing from the Museum of Economic Geology, a collection of minerals, maps and mining equipment. He created a school which laid the foundations for the teaching of science in the country, and which has its legacy today at Imperial. Prince Albert was a patron and supporter of the later developments in science teaching, which led to the Royal College of Chemistry becoming part of the Royal School of Mines, to the creation of the Royal College of Science and eventually to these institutions becoming part of his plan for South Kensington being an educational region.

Question: What school was established in 1851?
Answer: The Royal School of Mines

Question: Who established the Royal School of Mines?
Answer: Sir Henry de la Beche

Question: A collection of miners, maps and mining equipment all belonged to what entity?
Answer: the Museum of Economic Geology

Question: Which famous prince was a patron at the Royal School of Mines?
Answer: Prince Albert

Question: Which region did Prince Albert aim to make famous as an educational region?
Answer: South Kensington
Imperial_College_London

In 2003 Imperial was granted degree-awarding powers in its own right by the Privy Council. The London Centre for Nanotechnology was established in the same year as a joint venture between UCL and Imperial College London. In 2004 the Tanaka Business School (now named the Imperial College Business School) and a new Main Entrance on Exhibition Road were opened by The Queen. The UK Energy Research Centre was also established in 2004 and opened its headquarters at Imperial College. In November 2005 the Faculties of Life Sciences and Physical Sciences merged to become the Faculty of Natural Sciences.

Question: Who granted Imperial degree-awarding powers?
Answer: Privy Council

Question: In which year was the London Centre for Nanotechnology established?
Answer: 2003

Question: The Londre Centre for Nanotechnology was a joint effort between UCL and which college?
Answer: Imperial College London

Question: What is the old name of the Imperial College Business School?
Answer: Tanaka Business School

Question: The Faculties of Life Sciences and Physical Sciences merged in 2005 to become which faculty?
Answer: Faculty of Natural Sciences
Imperial_College_London

Imperial's main campus is located in the South Kensington area of central London. It is situated in an area of South Kensington, known as Albertopolis, which has a high concentration of cultural and academic institutions, adjacent to the Natural History Museum, the Science Museum, the Victoria and Albert Museum, the Royal College of Music, the Royal College of Art, the Royal Geographical Society and the Royal Albert Hall. Nearby public attractions include the Kensington Palace, Hyde Park and the Kensington Gardens, the National Art Library, and the Brompton Oratory. The expansion of the South Kensington campus in the 1950s & 1960s absorbed the site of the former Imperial Institute, designed by Thomas Collcutt, of which only the 287 foot (87 m) high Queen's Tower remains among the more modern buildings.

Question: In which area in London is Imperial's main campus located?
Answer: South Kensington

Question: What is the area inside of South Kensington where Imperial is located known as?
Answer: Albertopolis

Question: In which decade did the expansion of the South Kensington campus being?
Answer: 1950s

Question: Who designed the Imperial Institue that was a victim of Imperial's expansion in the 1950s & 1960s?
Answer: Thomas Collcutt

Question: Which landmark still remains from the Imperial Institue after Imperial's expansion?
Answer: Queen's Tower
Imperial_College_London

The Centre For Co-Curricular Studies provides elective subjects and language courses outside the field of science for students in the other faculties and departments. Students are encouraged to take these classes either for credit or in their own time, and in some departments this is mandatory. Courses exist in a wide range of topics including philosophy, ethics in science and technology, history, modern literature and drama, art in the 20th century, film studies. Language courses are available in French, German, Japanese, Italian, Russian, Spanish, Arabic and Mandarin Chinese. The Centre For Co-Curricular Studies is home to the Science Communication Unit which offers master's degrees in Science Communication and Science Media Production for science graduates.

Question: Which centre provides electives outside of science for students?
Answer: Centre For Co-Curricular Studies

Question: Outside of doing it on their own time, what other motivation could students have to take non mandatory electives?
Answer: credit

Question: Which unit is a part of the Co-Curricular Studies that offers master's degrees?
Answer: Science Communication Unit

Question: Scientists seeking a master's degree might be interested in which other degree besides Science Communication from the Science Communication Unit?
Answer: Science Media Production
Imperial_College_London

Imperial College TV
ICTV (formerly STOIC (Student Television of Imperial College)) is Imperial College Union's TV station, founded in 1969 and operated from a small TV studio in the Electrical Engineering block. The department had bought an early AMPEX Type A 1-inch videotape recorder and this was used to produce an occasional short news programme which was then played to students by simply moving the VTR and a monitor into a common room. A cable link to the Southside halls of residence was laid in a tunnel under Exhibition Road in 1972. Besides the news, early productions included a film of the Queen opening what was then called College Block and interview programmes with DJ Mike Raven, Richard O'Brian and Monty Python producer Ian MacNaughton. The society was renamed to ICTV for the start of the 2014/15 academic year.

Question: What does the abbreviation STOIC stand for?
Answer: Student Television of Imperial College

Question: What is STOIC's modern name?
Answer: Imperial College TV

Question: When was Imperial College Union's TV station founded?
Answer: 1969

Question: Where was a cable link located that connected the Southside Halls of residence?
Answer: Exhibition Road

Question: When was the station renamed to it's modern name?
Answer: start of the 2014/15 academic year
Imperial_College_London

Non-academic alumni: Author, H. G. Wells, McLaren and Ferrari Chief Designer, Nicholas Tombazis, CEO of Rolls Royce, Ralph Robins, rock band Queen, Brian May, CEO of Singapore Airlines, Chew Choon Seng, Prime Minister of New Zealand, Julius Vogel, Prime Minister of India, Rajiv Gandhi, Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore, Teo Chee Hean, Chief Medical Officer for England, Sir Liam Donaldson, Head Physician to the Queen, Huw Thomas, CEO of Moonfruit, Wendy Tan White, Businessman and philanthropist, Winston Wong, billionaire hedge fund manager Alan Howard.

Question: Which famous automobile designer is considered a non - academic alumni?
Answer: Nicholas Tombazis

Question: Which famous author is considered an alumni for Imperial?
Answer: H. G. Wells

Question: Which airline's CEO can be called a non - academic alumni of Imperial?
Answer: Singapore Airlines

Question: Which incredibly prestigious position did Huw Thomas hold?
Answer: Head Physician to the Queen

Question: Which hedge fund manager with a networth of over a billion is considered an alumni?
Answer: Alan Howard
Imperial_College_London

The Great Exhibition was organised by Prince Albert, Henry Cole, Francis Fuller and other members of the Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce. The Great Exhibition made a surplus of £186,000 used in creating an area in the South of Kensington celebrating the encouragement of the arts, industry, and science. Albert insisted the Great Exhibition surplus should be used as a home for culture and education for everyone. His commitment was to find practical solutions to today's social challenges. Prince Albert's vision built the Victoria and Albert Museum, Science Museum, Natural History Museum, Geological Museum, Royal College of Science, Royal College of Art, Royal School of Mines, Royal School of Music, Royal College of Organists, Royal School of Needlework, Royal Geographical Society, Institute of Recorded Sound, Royal Horticultural Gardens, Royal Albert Hall and the Imperial Institute. Royal colleges and the Imperial Institute merged to form what is now Imperial College London.

Question: Which society organized The Great Exhibition?
Answer: Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce

Question: How much of a surplus did The Great Ehibition raise?
Answer: £186,000

Question: Who insisted that the surplus from The Great Exhibition be used as a home for culture and education for all?
Answer: Albert

Question: What was Prince Albert's commitment?
Answer: to find practical solutions to today's social challenges

Question: What did the Royal colleges and Imperial Institute form when they merged?
Answer: Imperial College London
Imperial_College_London

In 1907, the newly established Board of Education found that greater capacity for higher technical education was needed and a proposal to merge the City and Guilds College, the Royal School of Mines and the Royal College of Science was approved and passed, creating The Imperial College of Science and Technology as a constituent college of the University of London. Imperial's Royal Charter, granted by Edward VII, was officially signed on 8 July 1907. The main campus of Imperial College was constructed beside the buildings of the Imperial Institute in South Kensington.

Question: Who proposed a merger of many colleges in 1907?
Answer: Board of Education

Question: What was the reasoning behind the proposal to merge many colleges?
Answer: greater capacity for higher technical education was needed

Question: When the merger was passed, what constituent college was created?
Answer: The Imperial College of Science and Technology

Question: Who did the constituent college belong to?
Answer: University of London

Question: Which document, granted by Edward VII, was officially signed on the 8th of July 1907?
Answer: Imperial's Royal Charter
Imperial_College_London

In the financial year ended 31 July 2013, Imperial had a total net income of £822.0 million (2011/12 – £765.2 million) and total expenditure of £754.9 million (2011/12 – £702.0 million). Key sources of income included £329.5 million from research grants and contracts (2011/12 – £313.9 million), £186.3 million from academic fees and support grants (2011/12 – £163.1 million), £168.9 million from Funding Council grants (2011/12 – £172.4 million) and £12.5 million from endowment and investment income (2011/12 – £8.1 million). During the 2012/13 financial year Imperial had a capital expenditure of £124 million (2011/12 – £152 million).

Question: What was Imperial's net income for the financial year that ended on 31 July 2013?
Answer: £822.0 million

Question: What was Imperial's total expenditure for the financial year that ended on the 31 July 2013?
Answer: £754.9 million

Question: How much income was generated from research grants and contracts for 2013?
Answer: £329.5 million

Question: Who granted Imperial close to 170 million pounds in grants?
Answer: Funding Council

Question: What was Imperial's capital expenditure for the 2012/2013 financial year?
Answer: £124 million
Imperial_College_London

In 1988 Imperial merged with St Mary's Hospital Medical School, becoming The Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine. In 1995 Imperial launched its own academic publishing house, Imperial College Press, in partnership with World Scientific. Imperial merged with the National Heart and Lung Institute in 1995 and the Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, Royal Postgraduate Medical School (RPMS) and the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in 1997. In the same year the Imperial College School of Medicine was formally established and all of the property of Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, the National Heart and Lung Institute and the Royal Postgraduate Medical School were transferred to Imperial as the result of the Imperial College Act 1997. In 1998 the Sir Alexander Fleming Building was opened by Queen Elizabeth II to provide a headquarters for the College's medical and biomedical research.

Question: In which year did Imperial merge with St Mary's Hospital Medical School?
Answer: 1988

Question: Which school resulted from Imperial's merger with St Mary's?
Answer: The Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine

Question: Who did Imperial partner with to launch the Imperial College Press?
Answer: World Scientific

Question: What year was the Imperial College School of Medicine formally established?
Answer: 1997

Question: What is the name of the building that was opened by Queen Elizabeth II?
Answer: Sir Alexander Fleming Building
Imperial_College_London

Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust was formed on 1 October 2007 by the merger of Hammersmith Hospitals NHS Trust (Charing Cross Hospital, Hammersmith Hospital and Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital) and St Mary's NHS Trust (St. Mary's Hospital and Western Eye Hospital) with Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine. It is an academic health science centre and manages five hospitals: Charing Cross Hospital, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, Hammersmith Hospital, St Mary's Hospital, and Western Eye Hospital. The Trust is currently the largest in the UK and has an annual turnover of £800 million, treating more than a million patients a year.[citation needed]

Question: What was formed on the 1st October 2007?
Answer: Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust

Question: How many hospitals does it manage?
Answer: five

Question: What is it considered to be?
Answer: an academic health science centre

Question: What is the annual turnover for the trust?
Answer: £800 million

Question: How many patients a year does the trust treat?
Answer: more than a million
Imperial_College_London

In 2003, it was reported that one third of female academics "believe that discrimination or bullying by managers has held back their careers". It was said then that "A spokesman for Imperial said the college was acting on the recommendations and had already made changes". Nevertheless, allegations of bullying have continued: in 2007, concerns were raised about the methods that were being used to fire people in the Faculty of Medicine. New President of Imperial College, Alice Gast says she sees bright lights in the horizon for female careers at Imperial College London.

Question: What portion of females reported that they were held back by managers?
Answer: one third

Question: In which year were these allegations raised?
Answer: 2003

Question: After the 2003 incident, what was the next major year in which conerns were raised?
Answer: 2007

Question: In which faculty were the methods used to fire people being questioned?
Answer: Faculty of Medicine

Question: Who is the new President for Imperial College?
Answer: Alice Gast
Imperial_College_London

Imperial College Union, the students' union at Imperial College, is run by five full-time sabbatical officers elected from the student body for a tenure of one year, and a number of permanent members of staff. The Union is given a large subvention by the university, much of which is spent on maintaining around 300 clubs, projects and societies. Examples of notable student groups and projects are Project Nepal which sends Imperial College students to work on educational development programmes in rural Nepal and the El Salvador Project, a construction based project in Central America. The Union also hosts sports-related clubs such as Imperial College Boat Club and Imperial College Gliding Club.

Question: What is the official name of the student's union?
Answer: Imperial College Union

Question: How many full time officers run the union?
Answer: five

Question: How long is the tenure for an officer to run the union?
Answer: one year

Question: How many clubs, projects and societies is the union responsible for managing?
Answer: around 300

Question: What kind of programmes do students work on for Project Nepal?
Answer: educational development
Imperial_College_London

Imperial College London is a public research university located in London, United Kingdom. It was founded by Prince Albert who envisioned an area composed of the Natural History Museum, Science Museum, Victoria and Albert Museum, Royal Albert Hall and the Imperial Institute. The Imperial Institute was opened by his wife, Queen Victoria, who laid the first stone. In 1907, Imperial College London was formed by Royal Charter, and soon joined the University of London, with a focus on science and technology. The college has expanded its coursework to medicine through mergers with St Mary's Hospital. In 2004, Queen Elizabeth II opened the Imperial College Business School. Imperial became an independent university from the University of London during its one hundred year anniversary.

Question: What kind of University is Imperial College London?
Answer: public research university

Question: Who founded the Imperial College London?
Answer: Prince Albert

Question: Who opened the Imperial Institute in 1907?
Answer: Queen Victoria

Question: Which document allowed the Imperial College London to be formed?
Answer: Royal Charter

Question: What was the focus of the Imperial College London?
Answer: science and technology
Imperial_College_London

William Henry Perkin studied and worked at the college under von Hofmann, but resigned his position after discovering the first synthetic dye, mauveine, in 1856. Perkin's discovery was prompted by his work with von Hofmann on the substance aniline, derived from coal tar, and it was this breakthrough which sparked the synthetic dye industry, a boom which some historians have labelled the second chemical revolution. His contribution led to the creation of the Perkin Medal, an award given annually by the Society of Chemical Industry to a scientist residing in the United States for an "innovation in applied chemistry resulting in outstanding commercial development". It is considered the highest honour given in the industrial chemical industry.

Question: Who discovered the first synthetic dye?
Answer: William Henry Perkin

Question: What did the scientist who discovered the dye do after discovering it?
Answer: resigned his position

Question: What is the name of the first synthetic dye discovered?
Answer: mauveine

Question: The discovery of the synthetic dye is claimed by some histories to have sparked what event?
Answer: second chemical revolution

Question: Which award is named after the discoverer of the dye?
Answer: Perkin Medal
Imperial_College_London

Imperial acquired Silwood Park in 1947, to provide a site for research and teaching in those aspects of biology not well suited for the main London campus. Felix, Imperial's student newspaper, was launched on 9 December 1949. On 29 January 1950, the government announced that it was intended that Imperial should expand to meet the scientific and technological challenges of the 20th century and a major expansion of the College followed over the next decade. In 1959 the Wolfson Foundation donated £350,000 for the establishment of a new Biochemistry Department.[citation needed] A special relationship between Imperial and the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi was established in 1963.[citation needed]

Question: What site did Imperial acquire in 1947?
Answer: Silwood Park

Question: What was the name of Imperial's student newspaper?
Answer: Felix

Question: How much money was donated for a new Biochemistry Department?
Answer: £350,000

Question: Who donated the large sum of money to help aid the establishement of the Biochemistry Department?
Answer: Wolfson Foundation

Question: Imperial formed a relationship with which other entity in 1963?
Answer: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
FC_Barcelona

Domestically, Barcelona has won 23 La Liga, 27 Copa del Rey, 11 Supercopa de España, 3 Copa Eva Duarte and 2 Copa de la Liga trophies, as well as being the record holder for the latter four competitions. In international club football, Barcelona has won five UEFA Champions League titles, a record four UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, a shared record five UEFA Super Cup, a record three Inter-Cities Fairs Cup and a record three FIFA Club World Cup trophies. Barcelona was ranked first in the IFFHS Club World Ranking for 1997, 2009, 2011, 2012 and 2015 and currently occupies the second position on the UEFA club rankings. The club has a long-standing rivalry with Real Madrid; matches between the two teams are referred to as El Clásico.

Question: How many Copa del Rey trophies has Barcelona won?
Answer: 27

Question: How many UEFA Champions League titles has Barcelona won?
Answer: five

Question: Barcelona ranked first in the IFFHS Club World Ranking in what years?
Answer: 1997, 2009, 2011, 2012 and 2015

Question: How many Inter-Cities Fairs Cup trophies has Barcelona won?
Answer: three

Question: What position is Barcelona ranked on the UEFA club rankings?
Answer: second

Question: How many UEFA Championship League titles has Barcelona won?
Answer: five

Question: How many UEFA  Cup Winners' Cup wins does Barcelona have?
Answer: four

Question: How many FIFA Club World Cup trophies does football club Barcelona have?
Answer: three

Question: What club is Barcelona's long time rival?
Answer: Real Madrid

Question: How many UEFA Super Cup wins does the Barcelona team have?
Answer: five