nc33/MultiSpan_SQUAD huggingface dataset:
Steven_Spielberg

A strong consistent theme in his family-friendly work is a childlike, even naïve, sense of wonder and faith, as attested by works such as Close Encounters of the Third Kind, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Hook, A.I. Artificial Intelligence and The BFG. According to Warren Buckland, these themes are portrayed through the use of low height camera tracking shots, which have become one of Spielberg's directing trademarks. In the cases when his films include children (E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Empire of the Sun, Jurassic Park, etc.), this type of shot is more apparent, but it is also used in films like Munich, Saving Private Ryan, The Terminal, Minority Report, and Amistad. If one views each of his films, one will see this shot utilized by the director, notably the water scenes in Jaws are filmed from the low-angle perspective of someone swimming. Another child oriented theme in Spielberg's films is that of loss of innocence and coming-of-age. In Empire of the Sun, Jim, a well-groomed and spoiled English youth, loses his innocence as he suffers through World War II China. Similarly, in Catch Me If You Can, Frank naively and foolishly believes that he can reclaim his shattered family if he accumulates enough money to support them.

Question: Which Spielberg films are examples of a childlike sense of wonder?
Answer: Close Encounters of the Third Kind, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Hook, A.I. Artificial Intelligence and The BFG

Question: What camera style does Spielberg often use?
Answer: low height camera tracking shots

Question: What are some Spielberg films that included kids?
Answer: E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Empire of the Sun, Jurassic Park

Question: How were the water scenes in Jaws filmed?
Answer: from the low-angle perspective of someone swimming

Question: Who is naive in 'Catch Me if You Can'?
Answer: Frank
Steven_Spielberg

The most persistent theme throughout his films is tension in parent-child relationships. Parents (often fathers) are reluctant, absent or ignorant. Peter Banning in Hook starts off in the beginning of the film as a reluctant married-to-his-work parent who through the course of the film regains the respect of his children. The notable absence of Elliott's father in E.T., is the most famous example of this theme. In Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, it is revealed that Indy has always had a very strained relationship with his father, who is a professor of medieval literature, as his father always seemed more interested in his work, specifically in his studies of the Holy Grail, than in his own son, although his father does not seem to realize or understand the negative effect that his aloof nature had on Indy (he even believes he was a good father in the sense that he taught his son "self reliance," which is not how Indy saw it). Even Oskar Schindler, from Schindler's List, is reluctant to have a child with his wife. Munich depicts Avner as a man away from his wife and newborn daughter. There are of course exceptions; Brody in Jaws is a committed family man, while John Anderton in Minority Report is a shattered man after the disappearance of his son. This theme is arguably the most autobiographical aspect of Spielberg's films, since Spielberg himself was affected by his parents' divorce as a child and by the absence of his father. Furthermore, to this theme, protagonists in his films often come from families with divorced parents, most notably E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (protagonist Elliot's mother is divorced) and Catch Me If You Can (Frank Abagnale's mother and father split early on in the film). Little known also is Tim in Jurassic Park (early in the film, another secondary character mentions Tim and Lex's parents' divorce). The family often shown divided is often resolved in the ending as well. Following this theme of reluctant fathers and father figures, Tim looks to Dr. Alan Grant as a father figure. Initially, Dr. Grant is reluctant to return those paternal feelings to Tim. However, by the end of the film, he has changed, and the kids even fall asleep with their heads on his shoulders.

Question: What was Indy's father's career?
Answer: professor of medieval literature

Question: What artifact did Indy's father focus on?
Answer: the Holy Grail

Question: What is Spielberg's most common theme?
Answer: tension in parent-child relationships

Question: Whose son disappeared in 'Minority Report'?
Answer: John Anderton

Question: Whose parents divorced in 'Catch Me If You Can'?
Answer: Frank Abagnale
Steven_Spielberg

In terms of casting and production itself, Spielberg has a known penchant for working with actors and production members from his previous films. For instance, he has cast Richard Dreyfuss in several films: Jaws, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, and Always. Aside from his role as Indiana Jones, Spielberg also cast Harrison Ford as a headteacher in E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (though the scene was ultimately cut). Although Spielberg directed veteran voice actor Frank Welker only once (in Raiders of the Lost Ark, for which he voiced many of the animals), Welker has lent his voice in a number of productions Spielberg has executive produced from Gremlins to its sequel Gremlins 2: The New Batch, as well as The Land Before Time, Who Framed Roger Rabbit, and television shows such as Tiny Toons, Animaniacs, and SeaQuest DSV. Spielberg has used Tom Hanks on several occasions and has cast him in Saving Private Ryan, Catch Me If You Can, The Terminal, and Bridge of Spies. Spielberg has collaborated with Tom Cruise twice on Minority Report and War of the Worlds, and cast Shia LaBeouf in five films: Transformers, Eagle Eye, Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull, Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen, and Transformers: Dark of the Moon.

Question: Which Spielberg films has Dreyfuss been in?
Answer: Jaws, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, and Always

Question: Who was Ford going to play in E.T., until the scene was removed?
Answer: a headteacher

Question: Which Spielberg TV shows has Frank Welker been a voice actor for?
Answer: Tiny Toons, Animaniacs, and SeaQuest DSV

Question: Which Spielberg films has Tom Hanks been in?
Answer: Saving Private Ryan, Catch Me If You Can, The Terminal, and Bridge of Spies

Question: Which Spielberg films has Tom Cruise been in?
Answer: Minority Report and War of the Worlds
Steven_Spielberg

Spielberg prefers working with production members with whom he has developed an existing working relationship. An example of this is his production relationship with Kathleen Kennedy who has served as producer on all his major films from E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial to the recent Lincoln. For cinematography, Allen Daviau, a childhood friend and cinematographer, shot the early Spielberg film Amblin and most of his films up to Empire of the Sun; Janusz Kamiński who has shot every Spielberg film since Schindler's List (see List of film director and cinematographer collaborations); and the film editor Michael Kahn who has edited every film directed by Spielberg from Close Encounters to Munich (except E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial). Most of the DVDs of Spielberg's films have documentaries by Laurent Bouzereau.

Question: Which film did Kathleen Kennedy first work with Spielberg on?
Answer: E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial

Question: Which childhood friend worked on Spielberg's films?
Answer: Allen Daviau

Question: Which film did Kaminski first work with Spielberg on?
Answer: Schindler's List

Question: Which film did Daviau first work with Spielberg on?
Answer: Amblin

Question: Which film did Kahn first work with Spielberg on?
Answer: Close Encounters
Steven_Spielberg

A famous example of Spielberg working with the same professionals is his long-time collaboration with John Williams and the use of his musical scores in all of his films since The Sugarland Express (except Bridge of Spies, The Color Purple and Twilight Zone: The Movie). One of Spielberg's trademarks is his use of music by Williams to add to the visual impact of his scenes and to try and create a lasting picture and sound of the film in the memories of the film audience. These visual scenes often uses images of the sun (e.g. Empire of the Sun, Saving Private Ryan, the final scene of Jurassic Park, and the end credits of Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (where they ride into the sunset)), of which the last two feature a Williams score at that end scene. Spielberg is a contemporary of filmmakers George Lucas, Francis Ford Coppola, Martin Scorsese, John Milius, and Brian De Palma, collectively known as the "Movie Brats". Aside from his principal role as a director, Spielberg has acted as a producer for a considerable number of films, including early hits for Joe Dante and Robert Zemeckis. Spielberg has often never worked with the same screenwriter in his films, beside Tony Kushner and David Koepp, who have written a few of his films more than once.

Question: What are the only Spielberg films since Sugarland Express to not have music by John Williams?
Answer: Bridge of Spies, The Color Purple and Twilight Zone: The Movie

Question: What happens at the end of 'Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade'?
Answer: they ride into the sunset

Question: Who are the 'Movie Brats', besides Spielberg?
Answer: George Lucas, Francis Ford Coppola, Martin Scorsese, John Milius, and Brian De Palma

Question: Who are the only screenwriters Spielberg has worked with on more than one film?
Answer: Tony Kushner and David Koepp
Steven_Spielberg

Spielberg first met actress Amy Irving in 1976 at the suggestion of director Brian De Palma, who knew he was looking for an actress to play in Close Encounters. After meeting her, Spielberg told his co-producer Julia Phillips, "I met a real heartbreaker last night.":293 Although she was too young for the role, she and Spielberg began dating and she eventually moved in to what she described as his "bachelor funky" house.:294 They lived together for four years, but the stresses of their professional careers took a toll on their relationship. Irving wanted to be certain that whatever success she attained as an actress would be her own: "I don't want to be known as Steven's girlfriend," she said, and chose not to be in any of his films during those years.:295

Question: Who did Spielberg begin dating in 1976?
Answer: Amy Irving

Question: What was Amy Irving's career?
Answer: actress

Question: Who introduced Irving to Spielberg?
Answer: Brian De Palma

Question: How did Irving describe Spielberg's house?
Answer: "bachelor funky"

Question: Why did Irving not want to be in Spielberg's films while dating?
Answer: "I don't want to be known as Steven's girlfriend,"
Steven_Spielberg

As a result, they broke up in 1979, but remained close friends. Then in 1984 they renewed their romance, and in November 1985, they married, already having had a son, Max Samuel. After three and a half years of marriage, however, many of the same competing stresses of their careers caused them to divorce in 1989. They agreed to maintain homes near each other as to facilitate the shared custody and parenting of their son.:403 Their divorce was recorded as the third most costly celebrity divorce in history.

Question: When did Spielberg and Irving initially break up?
Answer: 1979

Question: When did Spielberg and Irving get back together?
Answer: 1984

Question: When did Spielberg and Irving marry?
Answer: November 1985

Question: When did Spielberg and Irving divorce?
Answer: 1989

Question: How expensive was Spielberg and Irving's divorce?
Answer: third most costly celebrity divorce in history
Steven_Spielberg

In 2002, Spielberg was one of eight flagbearers who carried the Olympic Flag into Rice-Eccles Stadium at the Opening Ceremonies of the 2002 Winter Olympic Games in Salt Lake City. In 2006, Premiere listed him as the most powerful and influential figure in the motion picture industry. Time listed him as one of the 100 Most Important People of the Century. At the end of the 20th century, Life named him the most influential person of his generation. In 2009, Boston University presented him an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree.

Question: In which Olympics was Spielberg a flagbearer?
Answer: 2002 Winter Olympic Games

Question: Where was Spielberg an Olympic flagbearer?
Answer: Salt Lake City

Question: How did Time Magazine recognize Spielberg?
Answer: one of the 100 Most Important People of the Century

Question: What honorary degree did Spielberg receive from Boston University?
Answer: Doctor of Humane Letters

Question: How did Life Magazine recognize Spielberg?
Answer: the most influential person of his generation
Steven_Spielberg

According to Forbes' Most Influential Celebrities 2014 list, Spielberg was listed as the most influential celebrity in America. The annual list is conducted by E-Poll Market Research and it gave more than 6,600 celebrities on 46 different personality attributes a score representing "how that person is perceived as influencing the public, their peers, or both." Spielberg received a score of 47, meaning 47% of the US believes he is influential. Gerry Philpott, president of E-Poll Market Research, supported Spielberg's score by stating, "If anyone doubts that Steven Spielberg has greatly influenced the public, think about how many will think for a second before going into the water this summer."

Question: When was Spielberg named the 'most influential celebrity in America'?
Answer: 2014

Question: How much of the US believes Spielberg is influential?
Answer: 47%

Question: Who is Gerry Philpott?
Answer: president of E-Poll Market Research

Question: How did Spielberg influence the public's behavior?
Answer: many will think for a second before going into the water this summer
Steven_Spielberg

A collector of film memorabilia, Spielberg purchased a balsa Rosebud sled from Citizen Kane (1941) in 1982. He bought Orson Welles's own directorial copy of the script for the radio broadcast The War of the Worlds (1938) in 1994. Spielberg has purchased Academy Award statuettes being sold on the open market and donated them to the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, to prevent their further commercial exploitation. His donations include the Oscars that Bette Davis received for Dangerous (1935) and Jezebel (1938), and Clark Gable's Oscar for It Happened One Night (1934).

Question: When was Citizen Kane released?
Answer: 1941

Question: When was 'The War of the Worlds' radio broadcast?
Answer: 1938

Question: When did Spielberg buy a sled from Citizen Kane?
Answer: 1982

Question: When did Spielberg buy Orson Welles' personal script copy from 'The War of the Worlds'?
Answer: 1994

Question: What does Spielberg do with Academy Awards he buys?
Answer: donated them to the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, to prevent their further commercial exploitation
Steven_Spielberg

Since playing Pong while filming Jaws in 1974, Spielberg has been an avid video gamer. Spielberg played many of LucasArts adventure games, including the first Monkey Island games. He owns a Wii, a PlayStation 3, a PSP, and Xbox 360, and enjoys playing first-person shooters such as the Medal of Honor series and Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare. He has also criticized the use of cut scenes in games, calling them intrusive, and feels making story flow naturally into the gameplay is a challenge for future game developers.

Question: What was the first video game Spielberg played?
Answer: Pong

Question: When did Spielberg first play a video game?
Answer: 1974

Question: What movie was Spielberg working on when he first played Pong?
Answer: Jaws

Question: What game consoles does Spielberg own?
Answer: a Wii, a PlayStation 3, a PSP, and Xbox 360

Question: How does Spielberg feel about cutscenes in games?
Answer: intrusive
Steven_Spielberg

Drawing from his own experiences in Scouting, Spielberg helped the Boy Scouts of America develop a merit badge in cinematography in order to help promote filmmaking as a marketable skill. The badge was launched at the 1989 National Scout Jamboree, which Spielberg attended, and where he personally counseled many boys in their work on requirements. That same year, 1989, saw the release of Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. The opening scene shows a teenage Indiana Jones in scout uniform bearing the rank of a Life Scout. Spielberg stated he made Indiana Jones a Boy Scout in honor of his experience in Scouting. For his career accomplishments, service to others, and dedication to a new merit badge Spielberg was awarded the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award.

Question: What Boy Scout merit badge did Spielberg help develop?
Answer: cinematography

Question: Which Spielberg movie showed its main character was a Boy Scout?
Answer: Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade

Question: What was Indy's rank in Boy Scouts when shown in a movie?
Answer: Life Scout

Question: Which major Spielberg movie character was a Boy Scout?
Answer: Indiana Jones

Question: When was Spielberg's merit badge launched?
Answer: 1989
Steven_Spielberg

In 2004 he was admitted as knight of the Légion d'honneur by president Jacques Chirac. On July 15, 2006, Spielberg was also awarded the Gold Hugo Lifetime Achievement Award at the Summer Gala of the Chicago International Film Festival, and also was awarded a Kennedy Center honour on December 3. The tribute to Spielberg featured a short, filmed biography narrated by Tom Hanks and included thank-yous from World War II veterans for Saving Private Ryan, as well as a performance of the finale to Leonard Bernstein's Candide, conducted by John Williams (Spielberg's frequent composer).[citation needed]

Question: What award did Spielberg receive on Jul 15, 2006?
Answer: Gold Hugo Lifetime Achievement Award

Question: Who made Spielberg a knight?
Answer: Jacques Chirac

Question: Where was Spielberg honored on Dec 3, 2006?
Answer: Kennedy Center

Question: Who narrated a short Spielberg bio at the Kennedy Center?
Answer: Tom Hanks
Steven_Spielberg

The Science Fiction Hall of Fame inducted Spielberg in 2005, the first year it considered non-literary contributors. In November 2007, he was chosen for a Lifetime Achievement Award to be presented at the sixth annual Visual Effects Society Awards in February 2009. He was set to be honored with the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the January 2008 Golden Globes; however, the new, watered-down format of the ceremony resulting from conflicts in the 2007–08 writers strike, the HFPA postponed his honor to the 2009 ceremony. In 2008, Spielberg was awarded the Légion d'honneur.

Question: When was Spielberg added to the Science Fiction Hall of Fame?
Answer: 2005

Question: When did the Visual Effects Society give Spielberg a Lifetime Achievement Award?
Answer: February 2009

Question: When did Spielberg win the Cecil B. DeMille Award?
Answer: 2009

Question: Why was Spielberg's Cecil B. DeMille Award postponed from 2008?
Answer: watered-down format of the ceremony resulting from conflicts in the 2007–08 writers strike
Railway_electrification_system

A railway electrification system supplies electric power to railway trains and trams without an on-board prime mover or local fuel supply. Electrification has many advantages but requires significant capital expenditure. Selection of an electrification system is based on economics of energy supply, maintenance, and capital cost compared to the revenue obtained for freight and passenger traffic. Different systems are used for urban and intercity areas; some electric locomotives can switch to different supply voltages to allow flexibility in operation.

Question: What is of the factors the capital cost of electrification system depends on?
Answer: maintenance

Question: How do some locomotives function in order to be more flexible in operation?
Answer: can switch to different supply voltages

Question: What are two types of revenue obtained through railway transportation?
Answer: freight and passenger traffic

Question: What is the main disadvantage of railway electrification?
Answer: significant capital expenditure
Railway_electrification_system

Electric railways use electric locomotives to haul passengers or freight in separate cars or electric multiple units, passenger cars with their own motors. Electricity is typically generated in large and relatively efficient generating stations, transmitted to the railway network and distributed to the trains. Some electric railways have their own dedicated generating stations and transmission lines but most purchase power from an electric utility. The railway usually provides its own distribution lines, switches and transformers.

Question: What is used to haul passengers cars?
Answer: electric locomotives

Question: How is electricity being generated for electric locomotives?
Answer: generating stations

Question: What entity provides distribution lines, switches and transformers?
Answer: railway
Railway_electrification_system

In comparison to the principal alternative, the diesel engine, electric railways offer substantially better energy efficiency, lower emissions and lower operating costs. Electric locomotives are usually quieter, more powerful, and more responsive and reliable than diesels. They have no local emissions, an important advantage in tunnels and urban areas. Some electric traction systems provide regenerative braking that turns the train's kinetic energy back into electricity and returns it to the supply system to be used by other trains or the general utility grid. While diesel locomotives burn petroleum, electricity is generated from diverse sources including many that do not produce carbon dioxide such as nuclear power and renewable forms including hydroelectric, geothermal, wind and solar.

Question: What is the principal alternative to electric railways?
Answer: diesel engine

Question: What locomotives are usually more reliable?
Answer: Electric locomotives

Question: What do some electric traction systems provide?
Answer: regenerative braking

Question: What type of fuel do diesel locomotives use?
Answer: petroleum

Question: What is one of the sources electricity is being generated from?
Answer: geothermal
Railway_electrification_system

Disadvantages of electric traction include high capital costs that may be uneconomic on lightly trafficked routes; a relative lack of flexibility since electric trains need electrified tracks or onboard supercapacitors and charging infrastructure at stations; and a vulnerability to power interruptions. Different regions may use different supply voltages and frequencies, complicating through service. The limited clearances available under catenaries may preclude efficient double-stack container service. The lethal voltages on contact wires and third rails are a safety hazard to track workers, passengers and trespassers. Overhead wires are safer than third rails, but they are often considered unsightly.

Question: What is a safety hazard to track workers?
Answer: voltages on contact wires

Question: What issue can complicate electric railway service?
Answer: different supply voltages and frequencies,

Question: What is a safer alternative to third rails?
Answer: Overhead wires

Question: Why overhead wires are not being widely used?
Answer: considered unsightly.
Railway_electrification_system

Railways must operate at variable speeds. Until the mid 1980s this was only practical with the brush-type DC motor, although such DC can be supplied from an AC catenary via on-board electric power conversion. Since such conversion was not well developed in the late 19th century and early 20th century, most early electrified railways used DC and many still do, particularly rapid transit (subways) and trams. Speed was controlled by connecting the traction motors in various series-parallel combinations, by varying the traction motors' fields, and by inserting and removing starting resistances to limit motor current.

Question: What is speed limit for railways?
Answer: variable speeds

Question: Why is DC motor being used more than AC type?
Answer: conversion was not well developed

Question: What are two types of railway transportation still use DC motor?
Answer: rapid transit (subways) and trams