nc33/MultiSpan_SQUAD huggingface dataset:
Warsaw_Pact

On 25 February 1991, the Warsaw Pact was declared disbanded at a meeting of defense and foreign ministers from remaining Pact countries meeting in Hungary. On 1 July 1991, in Prague, the Czechoslovak President Václav Havel formally ended the 1955 Warsaw Treaty Organization of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance and so disestablished the Warsaw Treaty after 36 years of military alliance with the USSR. In fact, the treaty was de facto disbanded in December 1989 during the violent revolution in Romania, which toppled the communist government, without military intervention form other member states. The USSR disestablished itself in December 1991.

Question: In which country did Warsaw Pact officials meet to dissolve the alliance?
Answer: Hungary

Question: In which year did Romania overthrow its communist government?
Answer: 1989

Question: For how many years did the Warsaw Pact formally exist?
Answer: 36
Warsaw_Pact

In November 2005, the Polish government opened its Warsaw Treaty archives to the Institute of National Remembrance, who published some 1,300 declassified documents in January 2006. Yet the Polish government reserved publication of 100 documents, pending their military declassification. Eventually, 30 of the reserved 100 documents were published; 70 remained secret, and unpublished. Among the documents published is the Warsaw Treaty's nuclear war plan, Seven Days to the River Rhine – a short, swift counter-attack capturing Austria, Denmark, Germany and Netherlands east of River Rhine, using nuclear weapons, in self-defense, after a NATO first strike. The plan originated as a 1979 field training exercise war game, and metamorphosed into official Warsaw Treaty battle doctrine, until the late 1980s – which is why the People's Republic of Poland was a nuclear weapons base, first, to 178, then, to 250 tactical-range rockets. Doctrinally, as a Soviet-style (offensive) battle plan, Seven Days to the River Rhine gave commanders few defensive-war strategies for fighting NATO in Warsaw Treaty territory.[citation needed]

Question: In which year did Poland declassify most of its Warsaw Pact-era archives?
Answer: 2005

Question: How many documents remain classified?
Answer: 70

Question: What was the name of the Warsaw Pact's planned counteroffensive to a NATO first strike?
Answer: Seven Days to the River Rhine

Question: How many nuclear weapons were eventually housed in Poland?
Answer: 250

Question: In which year was the counteroffensive strategy first conceived?
Answer: 1979
Space_Race

The Space Race was a 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US), for supremacy in spaceflight capability. It had its origins in the missile-based nuclear arms race between the two nations that occurred following World War II, enabled by captured German rocket technology and personnel. The technological superiority required for such supremacy was seen as necessary for national security, and symbolic of ideological superiority. The Space Race spawned pioneering efforts to launch artificial satellites, unmanned space probes of the Moon, Venus, and Mars, and human spaceflight in low Earth orbit and to the Moon. The competition began on August 2, 1955, when the Soviet Union responded to the US announcement four days earlier of intent to launch artificial satellites for the International Geophysical Year, by declaring they would also launch a satellite "in the near future". The Soviet Union beat the US to this, with the October 4, 1957 orbiting of Sputnik 1, and later beat the US to the first human in space, Yuri Gagarin, on April 12, 1961. The Space Race peaked with the July 20, 1969 US landing of the first humans on the Moon with Apollo 11. The USSR tried but failed manned lunar missions, and eventually cancelled them and concentrated on Earth orbital space stations. A period of détente followed with the April 1972 agreement on a co-operative Apollo–Soyuz Test Project, resulting in the July 1975 rendezvous in Earth orbit of a US astronaut crew with a Soviet cosmonaut crew.

Question: Whose technology enabled the Space Race between the Soviet Union and the united States?
Answer: German rocket technology

Question: Who was able to launch the first orbiting satellite?
Answer: the Soviet Union

Question: Who was the first human in space?
Answer: Yuri Gagarin

Question: When did Apollo 11 land on the moon?
Answer: July 20, 1969

Question: On what date did the Space Race begin?
Answer: August 2, 1955

Question: Sputnik 1 started orbiting on what date?
Answer: October 4, 1957

Question: Who was the first person in space?
Answer: Yuri Gagarin

Question: What was the date that the first human reached space?
Answer: April 12, 1961
Space_Race

The Space Race can trace its origins to Germany, beginning in the 1930s and continuing during World War II when Nazi Germany researched and built operational ballistic missiles. Starting in the early 1930s, during the last stages of the Weimar Republic, German aerospace engineers experimented with liquid-fueled rockets, with the goal that one day they would be capable of reaching high altitudes and traversing long distances. The head of the German Army's Ballistics and Munitions Branch, Lieutenant Colonel Karl Emil Becker, gathered a small team of engineers that included Walter Dornberger and Leo Zanssen, to figure out how to use rockets as long-range artillery in order to get around the Treaty of Versailles' ban on research and development of long-range cannons. Wernher von Braun, a young engineering prodigy, was recruited by Becker and Dornberger to join their secret army program at Kummersdorf-West in 1932. Von Braun had dreams about conquering outer space with rockets, and did not initially see the military value in missile technology.

Question: Where were the actual origin of the Space Race?
Answer: Germany

Question: What were German aerospace engineers experimenting with in the 1930's?
Answer: liquid-fueled rockets

Question: What engineer was recruited by Becker and Dornberger to join their secret program?
Answer: Wernher von Braun

Question: Which war in history did the Space Race begin to take root?
Answer: World War II

Question: A secretive army installation began in Kummersdorf-West in what year?
Answer: 1932
Space_Race

During the Second World War, General Dornberger was the military head of the army's rocket program, Zanssen became the commandant of the Peenemünde army rocket centre, and von Braun was the technical director of the ballistic missile program. They would lead the team that built the Aggregate-4 (A-4) rocket, which became the first vehicle to reach outer space during its test flight program in 1942 and 1943. By 1943, Germany began mass-producing the A-4 as the Vergeltungswaffe 2 ("Vengeance Weapon" 2, or more commonly, V2), a ballistic missile with a 320 kilometers (200 mi) range carrying a 1,130 kilograms (2,490 lb) warhead at 4,000 kilometers per hour (2,500 mph). Its supersonic speed meant there was no defense against it, and radar detection provided little warning. Germany used the weapon to bombard southern England and parts of Allied-liberated western Europe from 1944 until 1945. After the war, the V-2 became the basis of early American and Soviet rocket designs.

Question: What was von Braun's role in the army's rocket program during during World War II?
Answer: technical director of the ballistic missile program

Question: What was the name of the first vehicle to reach outer space?
Answer: the Aggregate-4

Question: During WWII, who was in charge of the German army's rocket program?
Answer: General Dornberger

Question: What was the first object to enter space?
Answer: Aggregate-4 (A-4) rocket

Question: When did the Aggregate-4 (A-4) rocket reach space?
Answer: 1942 and 1943
Space_Race

At war's end, American, British, and Soviet scientific intelligence teams competed to capture Germany's rocket engineers along with the German rockets themselves and the designs on which they were based. Each of the Allies captured a share of the available members of the German rocket team, but the United States benefited the most with Operation Paperclip, recruiting von Braun and most of his engineering team, who later helped develop the American missile and space exploration programs. The United States also acquired a large number of complete V2 rockets.

Question: After World War II what did the American, English and Soviet allies want to capture?
Answer: Germany's rocket engineers

Question: What military operation allowed the US to recruit the German engineer, Von Braun?
Answer: Operation Paperclip

Question: The US had captured what type of missiles during Operation Paperclip?
Answer: V2 rockets
Space_Race

The German rocket center in Peenemünde was located in the eastern part of Germany, which became the Soviet zone of occupation. On Stalin's orders, the Soviet Union sent its best rocket engineers to this region to see what they could salvage for future weapons systems. The Soviet rocket engineers were led by Sergei Korolev. He had been involved in space clubs and early Soviet rocket design in the 1930s, but was arrested in 1938 during Joseph Stalin's Great Purge and imprisoned for six years in Siberia. After the war, he became the USSR's chief rocket and spacecraft engineer, essentially the Soviet counterpart to von Braun. His identity was kept a state secret throughout the Cold War, and he was identified publicly only as "the Chief Designer." In the West, his name was only officially revealed when he died in 1966.

Question: Who led the Soviet rocket engineers
Answer: Sergei Korolev

Question: Where was Sergei Korolev imprisoned for six years?
Answer: Siberia

Question: What was his "secret" title after World War II?
Answer: the Chief Designer

Question: The German rocket center was located in what city?
Answer: Peenemünde

Question: Who was in charge of the Soviet rocket engineer team that went into Germany?
Answer: Sergei Korolev

Question: What year was Sergei Korolev arrested?
Answer: 1938

Question: Sergei Korolev died in what year?
Answer: 1966

Question: After the war, Sergei Korolev was known under what title?
Answer: USSR's chief rocket and spacecraft engineer
Sony_Music_Entertainment

Sony Music Entertainment Inc. (sometimes known as Sony Music or by the initials, SME) is an American music corporation managed and operated by Sony Corporation of America (SCA), a subsidiary of Japanese conglomerate Sony Corporation. In 1929, the enterprise was first founded as American Record Corporation (ARC) and, in 1938, was renamed Columbia Recording Corporation, following ARC's acquisition by CBS. In 1966, the company was reorganized to become CBS Records. In 1987, Sony Corporation of Japan bought the company, and in 1991, renamed it SME. It is the world's second largest recorded music company, after Universal Music Group.

Question: What was the first name of Sony Music Entertainment, Inc?
Answer: American Record Corporation

Question: In what year was it renamed Columbia Recording Corporation?
Answer: 1938

Question: In what year was it known as CBS Records?
Answer: 1966

Question: In what year did it land the name, Sony Music Entertainment?
Answer: 1987

Question: What company is the only group larger than Sony Music Entertainment?
Answer: Universal Music Group.
Sony_Music_Entertainment

In 2004, SME and Bertelsmann Music Group merged as Sony BMG Music Entertainment. When Sony acquired BMG's half of the conglomerate in 2008, Sony BMG reverted to the SME name. The buyout led to the dissolution of BMG, which then relaunched as BMG Rights Management. Out of the "Big Three" record companies, with Universal Music Group being the largest and Warner Music Group, SME is middle-sized.

Question: In what year did SME merge with another company?
Answer: 2004

Question: What was the name of the other company that SME merged with?
Answer: Bertelsmann Music Group

Question: What did the company call themselves after the  merger?
Answer: Sony BMG Music Entertainment

Question: In what year did Sony BMG Music Entertainment go back to being called SME?
Answer: 2008
Sony_Music_Entertainment

In 1929, ARC was founded through a merger of several smaller record companies, which, ultimately, transformed into one enterprise known as SME. In the depths of the Great Depression, the Columbia Phonograph Company (founded in 1888) in the U.S. (including its Okeh Records subsidiary) was acquired by ARC in 1934.

Question: In what year did ARC form?
Answer: 1929

Question: In what year did Columbia Phonography Company form?
Answer: 1888

Question: In what year did ARC take over Columbia Phonography Company?
Answer: 1934
Sony_Music_Entertainment

ARC was acquired in 1938 by the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS, which, in turn, had been formed by the Columbia Phonograph Company, but then sold off). ARC was renamed Columbia Recording Corporation. The Columbia Phonograph Company had international subsidiaries and affiliates such as the Columbia Graphophone Company in the United Kingdom, but they were sold off prior to CBS acquiring American Columbia. RCA Victor Records executive Ted Wallerstein convinced CBS head William S. Paley to buy ARC and Paley made Wallerstein head of the newly acquired record company. The renamed company made Columbia its flagship label with Okeh its subsidiary label while deemphasizing ARC's other labels. This allowed ARC's leased labels Brunswick Records and Vocalion Records to revert to former owner Warner Bros. which sold the labels to Decca Records. Columbia kept the Brunswick catalogue recorded from December 1931 onward which was reissued on the Columbia label as well as the Vocalion label material from the same time period which was reissued on the Okeh label. Wallerstein, who was promoted at the end of 1947 from president to chairman of the record company, restored Columbia's status as a leading record company and spearheaded the successful introduction of the long playing (LP) record before he retired as Columbia's chairman in 1951. James Conkling then became head of Columbia Records. Also in 1951, Columbia severed its ties with the EMI-owned record label of the same name and began a UK distribution deal with Philips Records, whereas Okeh Records continued to be distributed by EMI on the Columbia label.

Question: Who bought out ARC?
Answer: Columbia Broadcasting System

Question: In what year was ARC bought?
Answer: 1938

Question: What did CBS call ARC after buying it?
Answer: Columbia Recording Corporation

Question: Who was the head of CBS at the time?
Answer: William S. Paley

Question: Who convinced Paley to buy ARC?
Answer: RCA Victor Records executive Ted Wallerstein
Sony_Music_Entertainment

Columbia founded Epic Records in 1953. In 1956, Conkling left Columbia, he would help establish the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences before eventually becoming the first president of the newly launched Warner Bros. Records, and Goddard Lieberson began the first of two stints as head of the record company. In 1958, Columbia founded another label, Date Records, which initially issued rockabilly music.

Question: In what year was Epic Records created?
Answer: 1953

Question: What company created Epic Records?
Answer: Columbia

Question: Who was one of the creators of the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences?
Answer: Conkling

Question: What did Conkling later go on to lead?
Answer: Warner Bros. Records

Question: What type of music was Date Records known for?
Answer: rockabilly
Sony_Music_Entertainment

In 1960, Columbia/CBS began negotiations with its main international distributor Philips Records with the goal of CBS starting its own global record company. Philips' acquisition of Mercury Records in the US in 1961 paved the way for this. CBS only had the rights to the Columbia name in North America; therefore the international arm founded in 1961 and launched in 1962 utilized the "CBS Records" name only, with Philips Records distributing the label in Europe. CBS's Mexican record company, Discos Columbia, was renamed Discos CBS by 1963.

Question: In what year was Mercury Records (US) bought out?
Answer: 1961

Question: Who acquired Mercury Records (US)?
Answer: Philips Records

Question: What is the name of CBS' Mexican record label?
Answer: Discos CBS
Sony_Music_Entertainment

Also in late 1965, the Date subsidiary label was revived. This label released the first string of hits for Peaches & Herb and scored a few minor hits from various other artists. Date's biggest success was "Time of the Season" by the Zombies, peaking at #2 in 1969. The label was discontinued in 1970.

Question: Date Records gave rise to the group "Peaches and Herb" in what year?
Answer: 1965

Question: Date Records released what major success in 1969?
Answer: "Time of the Season" by the Zombies

Question: What place on the charts did Date Records' big success land on?
Answer: #2

Question: Despite the success, in what year did Date Records cease to exist?
Answer: 1970
Sony_Music_Entertainment

Over the past two years,[clarification needed] dozens of rights-holders, including Sony Music, have sent complaints about Wikipedia.org directly to Google to have content removed.

Question: What search engine company giant has Sony sent requests to regarding content on a website?
Answer: Google

Question: What website does Sony have complaints against?
Answer: Wikipedia.org
Sony_Music_Entertainment

Doug Morris, who was head of Warner Music Group, then Universal Music, became chairman and CEO of the company on July 1, 2011. Sony Music underwent a restructuring after Morris' arrival. He was joined by L.A. Reid, who became the chairman and CEO of Epic Records. Under Reid, multiple artists from the Jive half of the former RCA/Jive Label Group moved to Epic. Peter Edge became the new CEO of the RCA Records unit. The RCA Music Group closed down Arista, J Records and Jive Records in October 2011, with the artists from those labels being moved to RCA Records.

Question: What famous music producer became CEO of Epic Records?
Answer: L.A. Reid

Question: Who joined the CEO of Epic Records in becoming the CEO of Sony Music?
Answer: Doug Morris

Question: In what year did he become the CEO of Sony Music?
Answer: 2011

Question: Who became the CEO of RCA Records?
Answer: Peter Edge

Question: What labels did RCA disband in 2011?
Answer: Arista, J Records and Jive Records
Sony_Music_Entertainment

In 1986, CBS sold its music publishing arm, CBS Songs, to Stephen Swid, Martin Bandier, and Charles Koppelman for $125 million making it the foundation of their SBK Entertainment.

Question: In what year did CBS sell CBS Songs?
Answer: 1986

Question: How much was the sale of CBS Songs?
Answer: $125 million

Question: Who were the 3 people who bought CBS Songs?
Answer: Stephen Swid, Martin Bandier, and Charles Koppelman
Sony_Music_Entertainment

By 1987, CBS was the only "big three" American TV network to have a co-owned record company. ABC had sold its record division to MCA Records in 1979, and in 1986, NBC's parent company RCA was sold to General Electric, who then sold off all other RCA units, including the record division (which was bought by Ariola Records, later known as BMG).

Question: In what year was CBS the only network to also have a record company?
Answer: 1987

Question: What label did ABC sell in 1979?
Answer: MCA Records

Question: What label did NBC sell in 1986?
Answer: RCA

Question: Who bought RCA?
Answer: Ge
Sony_Music_Entertainment

On November 17, 1987, SCA acquired CBS Records, which hosted such acts as Michael Jackson, for US$2 billion. CBS Inc., now CBS Corporation, retained the rights to the CBS name for music recordings but granted Sony a temporary license to use the CBS name. CBS Corporation founded a new CBS Records in 2006, which is distributed by Sony through its RED subsidiary.

Question: In what year did SCA buy CBS Records?
Answer: 1987

Question: Who was the biggest artist that CBS had?
Answer: Michael Jackson

Question: How much did SCA pay for CBS Records?
Answer: $2 billion

Question: In what year did the CBS Corporation begin another CBS Records?
Answer: 2006

Question: Who distributes CBS Records material?
Answer: Sony through its RED subsidiary
Sony_Music_Entertainment

In 1989, CBS Records re-entered the music publishing business by acquiring Nashville music publisher Tree International Publishing for more than $30 million.

Question: In what year did CBS Records buy out Tree International Publishing?
Answer: 1989

Question: How much did CBS Records pay for Tree International Publishing?
Answer: $30 million

Question: In what city was Tree International Publishing located?
Answer: Nashville
Sony_Music_Entertainment

RCA/Jive Label Group CEO Barry Weiss left the company in March 2011 to become the new CEO of Island Def Jam and Universal Republic, which were both part of Universal Music Group. Weiss had been the RCA/Jive Label Group CEO since 2008 and was head of Jive Records since 1991.

Question: In what year did CEO of RCA/Jive Barry Weiss leave?
Answer: 2011

Question: What company did Barry Weiss move to?
Answer: Island Def Jam and Universal Republic

Question: When did Barry Weiss become CEO of RCA/Jive?
Answer: 2008

Question: When did Barry Weiss become head of Jive Records?
Answer: 1991
Sony_Music_Entertainment

On October 11, 2011, Doug Morris announced that Mel Lewinter had been named Executive Vice President of Label Strategy. Lewinter previously served as chairman and CEO of Universal Motown Republic Group. In January 2012, Dennis Kooker was named President of Global Digital Business and US Sales.

Question: Who was promoted to Executive VP of Label Strategy in 2011?
Answer: Mel Lewinter

Question: Who became President of Global Digital Business and US Sales in 2012?
Answer: Dennis Kooker
Sony_Music_Entertainment

On August 5, 2008, SCA and Bertelsmann announced that Sony had agreed to acquire Bertelsmann's 50% stake in Sony BMG. Sony completed its acquisition of Bertelsmann's 50% stake in the companies' joint venture on October 1, 2008. The company, once again named Sony Music Entertainment Inc., became a wholly owned subsidiary of Sony Corporation through its US subsidiary SCA. The last few albums to feature a Sony BMG logo were Thriller 25 by Michael Jackson, I Am... Sasha Fierce by Beyoncé, Keeps Gettin' Better: A Decade of Hits by Christina Aguilera, and Safe Trip Home by Dido. A temporary logo was unveiled beginning December 1, 2008. The present logo was unveiled in March 2009.

Question: In what year did Sony take BMG's half stake in the company?
Answer: 2008

Question: Name one of the final albums to ever have the Sony BMG label?
Answer: Thriller 25 by Michael Jackson, I Am... Sasha Fierce by Beyoncé, Keeps Gettin' Better: A Decade of Hits by Christina Aguilera, and Safe Trip Home by Dido

Question: When was Sony's new logo revealed to the public?
Answer: 2009
Sony_Music_Entertainment

In March 2010, Sony Corp has partnered with The Michael Jackson Company with a contract of more than $250 million, the largest deal in recorded music history.

Question: Who did Sony partner with to create the biggest deal ever?
Answer: Michael Jackson Company

Question: How much was the partnership worth?
Answer: $250 million

Question: In what year was the partnership initiated?
Answer: 2010
Sony_Music_Entertainment

The merger made Columbia and Epic sister labels to RCA Records, which was once owned by RCA which also owned CBS rival NBC. It also started the process of bringing BMG's Arista Records back under common ownership with its former parent Columbia Pictures, a Sony division since 1989, and also brought Arista founder Clive Davis back into the fold. Davis is still with Sony Music as Chief Creative Officer.

Question: Columbia Pictures has been owned by Sony since what year?
Answer: 1989

Question: Who is the CCO of Sony Music?
Answer: Clive Davis