nc33/MultiSpan_SQUAD huggingface dataset:
Premier_League

At the inception of the Premier League in 1992–93, just eleven players named in the starting line-ups for the first round of matches hailed from outside of the United Kingdom or Ireland. By 2000–01, the number of foreign players participating in the Premier League was 36 per cent of the total. In the 2004–05 season the figure had increased to 45 per cent. On 26 December 1999, Chelsea became the first Premier League side to field an entirely foreign starting line-up, and on 14 February 2005 Arsenal were the first to name a completely foreign 16-man squad for a match. By 2009, under 40% of the players in the Premier League were English.

Question: Which team in 1999 had a line-up for starting that was consisted of all foreign players?
Answer: On 26 December 1999, Chelsea became the first Premier League side to field an entirely foreign starting line-up,

Question: At the beginning of the Premier League how many foreign players were there for the first  round of games?
Answer: At the inception of the Premier League in 1992–93, just eleven players named in the starting line-ups for the first round of matches

Question: By the 2000-1 season what was the percentage of foreign players?
Answer: By 2000–01, the number of foreign players participating in the Premier League was 36 per cent of the total.

Question: Which team in 2005 had all-foreign team players?
Answer: on 14 February 2005 Arsenal were the first to name a completely foreign 16-man squad for a match

Question: In 2009, what percent of the players were English in the Premier League?
Answer: By 2009, under 40% of the players in the Premier League were English.

Question: How many of the original Premier League players in the 1992-93 season hailed from outside the UK or Ireland?
Answer: eleven

Question: By 2000-01, what percentage of players in the Premier League were from outside the UK and Ireland?
Answer: 36

Question: By 2004-05, what percentage of players in the Premier League were from outside the UK and Ireland?
Answer: 45

Question: On which date did Chelsea host an entirely foreign starting line-up and therefore become the first team to do so?
Answer: 26 December 1999

Question: On which date did Arsenal name a fully foreign 16-man squad for a match?
Answer: 14 February 2005
Premier_League

In response to concerns that clubs were increasingly passing over young English players in favour of foreign players, in 1999, the Home Office tightened its rules for granting work permits to players from countries outside of the European Union. A non-EU player applying for the permit must have played for his country in at least 75 per cent of its competitive 'A' team matches for which he was available for selection during the previous two years, and his country must have averaged at least 70th place in the official FIFA world rankings over the previous two years. If a player does not meet those criteria, the club wishing to sign him may appeal.

Question: Why did the Home Office change it rules regardin work permits in 1999?
Answer: In response to concerns that clubs were increasingly passing over young English players in favour of foreign players

Question: What was one of their changes?
Answer: A non-EU player applying for the permit must have played for his country in at least 75 per cent of its competitive 'A' team matches

Question: What was another requirement of foreign players?
Answer: his country must have averaged at least 70th place in the official FIFA world rankings over the previous two years.

Question: Could a club appeal a requirement?
Answer: If a player does not meet those criteria, the club wishing to sign him may appeal.

Question: In which year did the Home Office tighten rules on granting work permits to foreign football players?
Answer: 1999

Question: For what percent must a player play of the competitive A team matches for which he was available for selection in the previous two years to get a work permit from the Home OFfice?
Answer: 75

Question: Over the last two years, what rank must a player's team average at least in order for them to receive a work permit from the Home Office?
Answer: 70th place

Question: What can a club do if a player they wish to sign does not meet the Home Office's work permit requirements?
Answer: appeal
Premier_League

Players may only be transferred during transfer windows that are set by the Football Association. The two transfer windows run from the last day of the season to 31 August and from 31 December to 31 January. Player registrations cannot be exchanged outside these windows except under specific licence from the FA, usually on an emergency basis. As of the 2010–11 season, the Premier League introduced new rules mandating that each club must register a maximum 25-man squad of players aged over 21, with the squad list only allowed to be changed in transfer windows or in exceptional circumstances. This was to enable the 'home grown' rule to be enacted, whereby the League would also from 2010 require at least 8 of the named 25 man squad to be made up of 'home-grown players'.

Question: When are the transfer windows?
Answer: The two transfer windows run from the last day of the season to 31 August and from 31 December to 31 January.

Question: Can players be transferred under an emergency outside the transfer windows?
Answer: Player registrations cannot be exchanged outside these windows except under specific licence from the FA, usually on an emergency basis.

Question: What new rule was put into practice during the 2010-11 season?
Answer: As of the 2010–11 season, the Premier League introduced new rules mandating that each club must register a maximum 25-man squad of players aged over 21,

Question: Why was this new rule put into effect?
Answer: This was to enable the 'home grown' rule to be enacted,

Question: When can a player be transferred?
Answer: Players may only be transferred during transfer windows that are set by the Football Association.

Question: During which time can a player be transferred from one European football league to another?
Answer: transfer windows

Question: How many transfer windows are available each year from the Football Association?
Answer: two

Question: On which basis are transfers outside of transfer windows licenced?
Answer: emergency

Question: What is the maximum number of players able to be registered to a Premier League team?
Answer: 25

Question: How many of a 25-member Premier League squad must be from the UK or Ireland?
Answer: 8
Premier_League

The record transfer fee for a Premier League player has risen steadily over the lifetime of the competition. Prior to the start of the first Premier League season Alan Shearer became the first British player to command a transfer fee of more than £3 million. The record rose steadily in the Premier League's first few seasons, until Alan Shearer made a record breaking £15 million move to Newcastle United in 1996. The three highest transfer in the sport's history had a Premier League club on the selling end, with Tottenham Hotspur selling Gareth Bale to Real Madrid for £85 million in 2013, Manchester United's sale of Cristiano Ronaldo to Real Madrid for £80 million in 2009, and Liverpool selling Luis Suárez to Barcelona for £75 million in 2014.

Question: Have transfer fees been increasing over the past years?
Answer: The record transfer fee for a Premier League player has risen steadily over the lifetime of the competition.

Question: What was the record breaking transfer fee in 1996?
Answer: Alan Shearer made a record breaking £15 million move to Newcastle United in 1996.

Question: In 2009, what was the transfer fee for Cristiano Ronaldo?
Answer: Manchester United's sale of Cristiano Ronaldo to Real Madrid for £80 million in 2009,

Question: What was the transfer fee for Gareth Bale in 2013.
Answer: Tottenham Hotspur selling Gareth Bale to Real Madrid for £85 million in 2013,

Question: What was Luis Suarez's transfer fee in 2014?
Answer: Liverpool selling Luis Suárez to Barcelona for £75 million in 2014.

Question: Who was the first British player in the Premier League to receive a transfer fee greater than £3 million?
Answer: Alan Shearer

Question: Who was the first British player in the Premier League to receive a transfer fee greater than £15 million?
Answer: Alan Shearer

Question: Who paid £15 million to transfer Alan Shearer to their club?
Answer: Newcastle United

Question: In which year did Newcastle United pay £15 million to transfer Alan Shearer to their club?
Answer: 1996

Question: For how much did Tottenham Hotspur sell Gareth Bale to Real Madrid for in 2013?
Answer: £85 million
Premier_League

The Golden Boot is awarded to the top Premier League scorer at the end of each season. Former Blackburn Rovers and Newcastle United striker Alan Shearer holds the record for most Premier League goals with 260. Twenty-four players have reached the 100-goal mark. Since the first Premier League season in 1992–93, 14 different players from 10 different clubs have won or shared the top scorers title. Thierry Henry won his fourth overall scoring title by scoring 27 goals in the 2005–06 season. Andrew Cole and Alan Shearer hold the record for most goals in a season (34) – for Newcastle and Blackburn respectively. Ryan Giggs of Manchester United holds the record for scoring goals in consecutive seasons, having scored in the first 21 seasons of the league.

Question: Who is the Golden Boot award given to each season?
Answer: The Golden Boot is awarded to the top Premier League scorer at the end of each season.

Question: Who has the record for most goals in the Premier League?
Answer: Newcastle United striker Alan Shearer holds the record for most Premier League goals with 260

Question: How many players have achieved 100 goals?
Answer: Twenty-four players have reached the 100-goal mark

Question: How many different players have won the top scorer title?
Answer: 14 different players from 10 different clubs have won or shared the top scorers title.

Question: Who has the record for scoring the most goals in single season?
Answer: Andrew Cole and Alan Shearer hold the record for most goals in a season (34) – for Newcastle and Blackburn respectively.

Question: To whom is the Golden Boot award given to?
Answer: the top Premier League scorer

Question: Who holds the record for the most goals in the Premier League?
Answer: 260

Question: How many players have 100 goals or more in the Premier League?
Answer: Twenty-four

Question: How many different players have won or shared the top scorer title in the Premier League?
Answer: 14

Question: Who had scored four overall scoring titles as of the 2006 season?
Answer: Thierry Henry
Premier_League

Its main body is solid sterling silver and silver gilt, while its plinth is made of malachite, a semi-precious stone. The plinth has a silver band around its circumference, upon which the names of the title-winning clubs are listed. Malachite's green colour is also representative of the green field of play. The design of the trophy is based on the heraldry of Three Lions that is associated with English football. Two of the lions are found above the handles on either side of the trophy – the third is symbolised by the captain of the title winning team as he raises the trophy, and its gold crown, above his head at the end of the season. The ribbons that drape the handles are presented in the team colours of the league champions that year.

Question: What is the Premier League Championship trophy based on?
Answer: The design of the trophy is based on the heraldry of Three Lions that is associated with English football.

Question: Where on the trophy can two of the lions be seen?
Answer: Two of the lions are found above the handles on either side of the trophy

Question: Where can the third lion be seen?
Answer: the third is symbolised by the captain of the title winning team as he raises the trophy, and its gold crown, above his head at the end of the season

Question: What do the ribbons on the trophy mean?
Answer: The ribbons that drape the handles are presented in the team colours of the league champions that year.

Question: The Golden Boot is made of sterling silver, silver gilt and which semi-precious stone?
Answer: malachite

Question: On what type of metal band are the title-winning clubs listed on the Golden Boot?
Answer: silver

Question: What does the green colour of Malachite on the Golden Boot represent?
Answer: the green field of play

Question: How many lions are found on the Golden Boot?
Answer: Two

Question: Who symbolizes the third lion not found on the Golden Boot trophy?
Answer: the captain of the title winning team
Roman_Republic

Rome's preoccupation with its war with Carthage provided an opportunity for Philip V of the kingdom of Macedonia, located in the north of the Greek peninsula, to attempt to extend his power westward. Philip sent ambassadors to Hannibal's camp in Italy, to negotiate an alliance as common enemies of Rome. However, Rome discovered the agreement when Philip's emissaries were captured by a Roman fleet. The First Macedonian War saw the Romans involved directly in only limited land operations, but they ultimately achieved their objective of pre-occupying Philip and preventing him from aiding Hannibal.

Question: What kingdom sent an ambassador to Italy in an attempt to form an alliance against Rome?
Answer: Macedonia

Question: Where did Philip V want to extend his control to?
Answer: westward

Question: What peninsula was the kingdom of Macedonia able to be found in?
Answer: Greek peninsula

Question: At what point did Rome discover that an alliance between Philip V and Hannibal had been achieved?
Answer: Philip's emissaries were captured by a Roman fleet

Question: Who did Philip V seek an alliance with?
Answer: Hannibal
Roman_Republic

The Jugurthine War of 111–104 BC was fought between Rome and Jugurtha of the North African kingdom of Numidia. It constituted the final Roman pacification of Northern Africa, after which Rome largely ceased expansion on the continent after reaching natural barriers of desert and mountain. Following Jugurtha's usurpation of the throne of Numidia, a loyal ally of Rome since the Punic Wars, Rome felt compelled to intervene. Jugurtha impudently bribed the Romans into accepting his usurpation. Jugurtha was finally captured not in battle but by treachery.

Question: What war is considered to be the last Roman pacification in Northern Africa?
Answer: The Jugurthine War

Question: What eventually caused Jugurtha to become a captive?
Answer: treachery

Question: Who attempted to usurp the throne of Numidia?
Answer: Jugurtha

Question: When did the Jugurthine War end?
Answer: 104 BC

Question: Who did Jugurtha have to bribe in order for them to accept him as the new leader of Numidia?
Answer: the Romans
Roman_Republic

By the spring of 49 BC, the hardened legions of Caesar crossed the river Rubicon, the legal boundary of Roman Italy beyond which no commander might bring his army, and swept down the Italian peninsula towards Rome, while Pompey ordered the abandonment of Rome. Afterwards Caesar turned his attention to the Pompeian stronghold of Hispania (modern Spain) but decided to tackle Pompey himself in Greece. Pompey initially defeated Caesar, but failed to follow up on the victory, and was decisively defeated at the Battle of Pharsalus in 48 BC, despite outnumbering Caesar's forces two to one, albeit with inferior quality troops. Pompey fled again, this time to Egypt, where he was murdered.

Question: During what year did Caesar's armies cross the river Rubicon?
Answer: 49 BC

Question: Who would be seen as having been defeated in the Battle of Pharsalus?
Answer: Pompey

Question: Who decided to attack Pompey in Greece?
Answer: Caesar

Question: In what country did Pompey die in?
Answer: Egypt

Question: In which year did The Battle of Pharsalus take place?
Answer: 48 BC
Roman_Republic

Caesar was now the primary figure of the Roman state, enforcing and entrenching his powers. His enemies feared that he had ambitions to become an autocratic ruler. Arguing that the Roman Republic was in danger, a group of senators hatched a conspiracy and assassinated Caesar at a meeting of the Senate in March 44 BC.  Mark Antony, Caesar's lieutenant, condemned Caesar's assassination, and war broke out between the two factions. Antony was denounced as a public enemy, and Caesar's adopted son and chosen heir, Gaius Octavianus, was entrusted with the command of the war against him. At the Battle of Mutina Mark Antony was defeated by the consuls Hirtius and Pansa, who were both killed.

Question: Who was now considered to be the primary figure in the Roman state?
Answer: Caesar

Question: Which group of people conspired against Caesar in order to have him assassinated?
Answer: senators

Question: Which former lieutenant of Caesar was considered a public threat after Caesar was assassinated?
Answer: Mark Antony

Question: When did Julius Caesar die?
Answer: March 44 BC

Question: Why did the Roman senators wish to have Caesar assassinated?
Answer: the Roman Republic was in danger
Roman_Republic

However, civil war flared again when the Second Triumvirate of Octavian, Lepidus and Mark Antony failed. The ambitious Octavian built a power base of patronage and then launched a campaign against Mark Antony. At the naval Battle of Actium off the coast of Greece, Octavian decisively defeated Antony and Cleopatra. Octavian was granted a series of special powers including sole "imperium" within the city of Rome, permanent consular powers and credit for every Roman military victory, since all future generals were assumed to be acting under his command. In 27 BC Octavian was granted the use of the names "Augustus" and "Princeps", indicating his primary status above all other Romans, and he adopted the title "Imperator Caesar" making him the first Roman Emperor.

Question: What failure caused the the flares of civil war to spark up again?
Answer: Second Triumvirate of Octavian

Question: In what year was Octavian first allowed to use the names Augustus and Princeps?
Answer: 27 BC

Question: Who defeated Cleopatra and Mark Antony at the Battle of Actium?
Answer: Octavian

Question: Which individual was granted permanent consular powers?
Answer: Octavian

Question: Who has been designated as the first Emperor of Rome?
Answer: Octavian
Roman_Republic

The last king of the Roman Kingdom, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, was overthrown in 509 BC by a group of noblemen led by Lucius Junius Brutus. Tarquin made a number of attempts to retake the throne, including the Tarquinian conspiracy, the war with Veii and Tarquinii and finally the war between Rome and Clusium, all of which failed to achieve Tarquin's objectives. The most important constitutional change during the transition from kingdom to republic concerned the chief magistrate. Before the revolution, a king would be elected by the senators for a life term. Now, two consuls were elected by the citizens for an annual term. Each consul would check his colleague, and their limited term in office would open them up to prosecution if they abused the powers of their office. Consular political powers, when exercised conjointly with a consular colleague, were no different from those of the old king.

Question: Who would elect a king in the Roman Kingdom prior to the revolution?
Answer: senators

Question: What was the length of a term that a king would be elected for in the Roman Kingdom?
Answer: life term

Question: When did the last king of the Roman Kingdom lose his seat of power?
Answer: 509 BC

Question: Who was considered to be the last king of the Roman Kingdom?
Answer: Lucius Tarquinius Superbus

Question: Who were the joint consulars considered to be an equal of politically?
Answer: old king
Roman_Republic

In 494 BC, the city was at war with two neighboring tribes. The plebeian soldiers refused to march against the enemy, and instead seceded to the Aventine Hill. The plebeians demanded the right to elect their own officials. The patricians agreed, and the plebeians returned to the battlefield. The plebeians called these new officials "plebeian tribunes". The tribunes would have two assistants, called "plebeian aediles". During the 5th century BC, a series of reforms were passed. The result of these reforms was that any law passed by the plebeian would have the full force of law. In 443 BC, the censorship was created. From 375 BC to 371 BC, the republic experienced a constitutional crisis during which the tribunes used their vetoes to prevent the election of senior magistrates.

Question: In what year was the city in conflict with two nearby tribes?
Answer: 494 BC

Question: Which group of people requested the ability to elect officials?
Answer: The plebeians

Question: What were the assistants to the plebeian tribunes named?
Answer: plebeian aediles

Question: Who used the vetoes that they had been given to prevent the appointment of magistrates?
Answer: the tribunes

Question: During what century were reformed passed that allowed laws passed by the plebeians to have the full force of the law?
Answer: 5th century BC
Roman_Republic

By 287 BC, the economic condition of the average plebeian had become poor. The problem appears to have centered around widespread indebtedness. The plebeians demanded relief, but the senators refused to address their situation. The result was the final plebeian secession. The plebeians seceded to the Janiculum hill. To end the secession, a dictator was appointed. The dictator passed a law (the Lex Hortensia), which ended the requirement that the patrician senators must agree before any bill could be considered by the Plebeian Council. This was not the first law to require that an act of the Plebeian Council have the full force of law. The Plebeian Council acquired this power during a modification to the original Valerian law in 449 BC. The significance of this law was in the fact that it robbed the patricians of their final weapon over the plebeians. The result was that control over the state fell, not onto the shoulders of voters, but to the new plebeian nobility.

Question: What was the economic status of your typical plebeian in 287 BC?
Answer: poor

Question: Who refused to concern themselves with the plebeians debt situation?
Answer: senators

Question: What did the patrician senators refusal to address the accumulating debt of the plebeians lead to?
Answer: the final plebeian secession

Question: What law was passed that allowed the Plebeian Council to consider a bill without the approval of the patrician senators?
Answer: the Lex Hortensia
Roman_Republic

The Hortensian Law deprived the patricians of their last weapon against the plebeians, and thus resolved the last great political question of the era. No such important political changes occurred between 287 BC and 133 BC. The important laws of this era were still enacted by the senate. In effect, the plebeians were satisfied with the possession of power, but did not care to use it. The senate was supreme during this era because the era was dominated by questions of foreign and military policy. This was the most militarily active era of the Roman Republic.

Question: What years did no important political changes happen during?
Answer: 287 BC and 133 BC

Question: Why was the senate considered to be supreme during this time?
Answer: because the era was dominated by questions of foreign and military policy

Question: What group of people often failed to use the power that was given to them?
Answer: the plebeians

Question: What was a political element that satiated the plebeians?
Answer: the possession of power

Question: Who enacted crucial laws during this period of time?
Answer: the senate