nc33/MultiSpan_SQUAD huggingface dataset:
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Archival descriptions of the permanent holdings of the federal government in the custody of NARA are stored in Archival Research Catalog (ARC). The archival descriptions include information on traditional paper holdings, electronic records, and artifacts. As of December 2012, the catalog consisted of about 10 billion logical data records describing 527,000 artifacts and encompassing 81% of NARA's records. There are also 922,000 digital copies of already digitized materials.

Question: Where are archival descriptions of holdings under the custody of NARA stored?
Answer: Archival Research Catalog (ARC)

Question: As of the end mid December of 2012, how many logical data records are stored at NARA?
Answer: 10 billion

Question: How many digital copies of previously digitized materials were there in December of 2012?
Answer: 922,000

Question: Archival descriptions include traditional paper holdings, electron records, and what?
Answer: artifacts

Question: The 10 billion logical data records are linked to how many artifacts?
Answer: 527,000
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Most records at NARA are in the public domain, as works of the federal government are excluded from copyright protection. However, records from other sources may still be protected by copyright or donor agreements. Executive Order 13526 directs originating agencies to declassify documents if possible before shipment to NARA for long-term storage, but NARA also stores some classified documents until they can be declassified. Its Information Security Oversight Office monitors and sets policy for the U.S. government's security classification system.

Question: Most of NARA's holdings are available to sector?
Answer: public domain

Question: Federal government works are excluded from what legal protection?
Answer: copyright

Question: Some records at NARA are legally protected by what?
Answer: copyright

Question: What executive order directs agencies to declassify documents before sending them to NARA?
Answer: Executive Order 13526

Question: What office of NARA oversees the declassification of classified materials?
Answer: Information Security Oversight Office
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Many of NARA's most requested records are frequently used for genealogy research. This includes census records from 1790 to 1930, ships' passenger lists, and naturalization records.

Question: Besides census records and passenger lists, what NARA documents are particularly useful to genealogists?
Answer: naturalization records

Question: For what time period does NARA have census records available for?
Answer: 1790 to 1930
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The National Archives Building, known informally as Archives I, located north of the National Mall on Constitution Avenue in Washington, D.C., opened as its original headquarters in 1935. It holds the original copies of the three main formative documents of the United States and its government: the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights. It also hosts a copy of the 1297 Magna Carta confirmed by Edward I. These are displayed to the public in the main chamber of the National Archives, which is called the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom. The National Archives Building also exhibits other important American historical documents such as the Louisiana Purchase Treaty, the Emancipation Proclamation, and collections of photography and other historically and culturally significant American artifacts.

Question: What is the informal name of The National Archives Building?
Answer: Archives I

Question: On what street is the The National Archives Building located?
Answer: Constitution Avenue

Question: Where is the Declaration of Independence kept?
Answer: The National Archives Building

Question: Where in the National Archives can you view a copy of the Magna Carta?
Answer: main chamber

Question: Where is the Louisiana Purchase Treaty kept?
Answer: The National Archives Building
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Once inside the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom, there are no lines to see the individual documents and visitors are allowed to walk from document to document as they wish. For over 30 years the National Archives have forbidden flash photography but the advent of cameras with automatic flashes have made the rules increasingly difficult to enforce. As a result, all filming, photographing, and videotaping by the public in the exhibition areas has been prohibited since February 25, 2010.

Question: Since when has all filming and photography in the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom been banned?
Answer: February 25, 2010

Question: For how long has the National Archives prohibited flash photography?
Answer: over 30 years

Question: What is an aspect of a visit to the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom?
Answer: no lines

Question: What has made the no photography rule hard to enforce in the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom?
Answer: advent of cameras with automatic flashes
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Because of space constraints, NARA opened a second facility, known informally as Archives II, in 1994 near the University of Maryland, College Park campus (8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD, 20740-6001). Largely because of this proximity, NARA and the University of Maryland engage in cooperative initiatives. The College Park campus includes an archaeological site that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

Question: What is the second facility of NARA named?
Answer: Archives II

Question: When was Archives II opened?
Answer: 1994

Question: What college is Archives II closest to?
Answer: University of Maryland

Question: What college does NARA have cooperatives initiatives with?
Answer: University of Maryland

Question: What campus of University of Maryland is listed on the National Register of Historic Places?
Answer: College Park campus
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The Washington National Records Center (WNRC), located in Suitland, Maryland is a large warehouse type facility which stores federal records which are still under the control of the creating agency. Federal government agencies pay a yearly fee for storage at the facility. In accordance with federal records schedules, documents at WNRC are transferred to the legal custody of the National Archives after a certain point (this usually involves a relocation of the records to College Park). Temporary records at WNRC are either retained for a fee or destroyed after retention times has elapsed. WNRC also offers research services and maintains a small research room.

Question: Where is The Washington National Records Center located?
Answer: Suitland, Maryland

Question: What does The Washington National Records Center primarily store?
Answer: federal records

Question: After staying at the WNRC, where are records transferred to?
Answer: the National Archives

Question: What happens to temporary records at the WNRC if they are not retrieved by the end of the retention times?
Answer: destroyed

Question: Beyond the storage of federal records, what service does the WNRC provide?
Answer: research
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The National Archives Building in downtown Washington holds record collections such as all existing federal census records, ships' passenger lists, military unit records from the American Revolution to the Philippine–American War, records of the Confederate government, the Freedmen's Bureau records, and pension and land records.

Question: Where is the National Archives Building located?
Answer: downtown Washington

Question: What proportion of the federal census records in existence does the National Archives Building house?
Answer: all

Question: What's the latest war The National Archives Building has military unit records for?
Answer: Philippine–American War

Question: What's the earliest war The National Archives Building has military unit records for
Answer: American Revolution
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

There are facilities across the country with research rooms, archival holdings, and microfilms of documents of federal agencies and courts pertinent to each region.

Question: What do the facilities designated to each area of the US specialize in?
Answer: documents of federal agencies and courts pertinent to each region

Question: Microfilms of documents from federal agencies can be found where?
Answer: facilities across the country
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In addition, Federal Records Centers exist in each region that house materials owned by Federal agencies. Federal Records Centers are not open for public research. For example, the FRC in Lenexa, Kansas holds items from the treatment of John F. Kennedy after his fatal shooting in 1963.

Question: Where are some of the items relevant to JFKs medical treatments housed?
Answer: Federal Records Centers

Question: Federal Records Centers are particularly unhelpful to what type of research?
Answer: public

Question: Which Federal Records Center houses materials relevant to JFKs assassination? 
Answer: FRC in Lenexa, Kansas

Question: When was JFK shot?
Answer: 1963
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Libraries and museums have been established for other presidents, but they are not part of the NARA presidential library system, and are operated by private foundations, historical societies, or state governments, including the Abraham Lincoln, Rutherford B. Hayes, William McKinley, Woodrow Wilson and Calvin Coolidge libraries. For example, the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum is owned and operated by the state of Illinois.

Question: Libraries that are established for other presidents are operated by private foundations, historical societies, and what government entities?
Answer: state governments

Question: What state operates the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library?
Answer: Illinois

Question: What is the earliest President that NARA does not hold records for in its presidential library system?
Answer: Abraham Lincoln

Question: Abraham Lincoln's Presidential Library and Museum is operated by what type of entity?
Answer: state
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In an effort to make its holdings more widely available and more easily accessible, the National Archives began entering into public–private partnerships in 2006. A joint venture with Google will digitize and offer NARA video online. When announcing the agreement, Archivist Allen Weinstein said that this pilot program is

Question: In what year did the National Archives make strides towards making its holdings more widely available?
Answer: 2006

Question: What large internet company has partnered with NARA to digitize records?
Answer: Google

Question: What Archivist announced the partnership with Google?
Answer: Allen Weinstein

Question: What is Google helping NARA with?
Answer: digitize and offer NARA video online

Question: What is the aim of NARA in entering public-private partnerships?
Answer: to make its holdings more widely available
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

On January 10, 2007, the National Archives and Fold3.com (formerly Footnote) launched a pilot project to digitize historic documents from the National Archives holdings. Allen Weinstein explained that this partnership would "allow much greater access to approximately 4.5 million pages of important documents that are currently available only in their original format or on microfilm" and "would also enhance NARA's efforts to preserve its original records."

Question: In January of 2007, what internet company did the National Archives partner with?
Answer: Fold3.com

Question: What was the aim of the partnership with Fold3.com?
Answer: to digitize historic documents from the National Archives holdings

Question: What Archivist announced the partnership with Fold3?
Answer: Allen Weinstein

Question: Of all the benefits of the partnership with Fold3, what benefited the public at large the most?
Answer: much greater access

Question: What direct benefit did NARA itself gain from the partnership with Fold3?
Answer: enhance NARA's efforts to preserve its original records
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In July 2007, the National Archives announced it would make its collection of Universal Newsreels from 1929 to 1967 available for purchase through CreateSpace, an Amazon.com subsidiary. During the announcement, Weinstein noted that the agreement would "... reap major benefits for the public-at-large and for the National Archives." Adding, "While the public can come to our College Park, MD research room to view films and even copy them at no charge, this new program will make our holdings much more accessible to millions of people who cannot travel to the Washington, DC area." The agreement also calls for CreateSpace partnership to provide the National Archives with digital reference and preservation copies of the films as part of NARA's preservation program.

Question: In what year did the National Archives announce that it would make its collection of Universal Newsreels available for purchase online?
Answer: 2007

Question: What company did the National Archives partner with make it's Universal Newsreels available online?
Answer: CreateSpace

Question: Universal Newsreels dated from which year up to 1967 were made available through CreateSpace?
Answer: 1929
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In May 2008, the National Archives announced a five-year agreement to digitize selected records including the complete U.S. Federal Census Collection, 1790–1930, passenger lists from 1820–1960 and WWI and WWII draft registration cards. The partnership agreement allows for exclusive use of the digitized records by Ancestry.com for a 5-year embargo period at which point the digital records will be turned over to the National Archives.

Question: What did the National Archives announce in May of 2008?
Answer: digitize selected records including the complete U.S. Federal Census Collection

Question: Which genealogy website benefits by the May 2008 announcement?
Answer: Ancestry.com

Question: What happens after the 5 year embargo that allows Ancestry.com exclusive use of digitized records?
Answer: turned over to the National Archives
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

On June 18, 2009, the National Archives announced the launching of a YouTube channel "to showcase popular archived films, inform the public about upcoming events around the country, and bring National Archives exhibits to the people." Also in 2009, the National Archives launched a Flickr photostream to share portions of its photographic holdings with the general public. A new teaching with documents website premiered in 2010 and was developed by the education team. The website features 3,000 documents, images, and recordings from the holdings of the Archives. The site also features lesson plans and tools for creating new classroom activities and lessons.

Question: Which Google affiliated website did the National Archives decide to use in 2009?
Answer: YouTube

Question: What purpose does the National Archive YouTube channel serve?
Answer: showcase popular archived films

Question: What online service did the National Archives decide to use to showcase its photographic holdings?
Answer: Flickr

Question: The National Archives' educational team created a website in what year?
Answer: 2010
Tristan_da_Cunha

Tristan da Cunha /ˈtrɪstən də ˈkuːnjə/, colloquially Tristan, is both a remote group of volcanic islands in the south Atlantic Ocean and the main island of that group. It is the most remote inhabited archipelago in the world, lying 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) from the nearest inhabited land, Saint Helena, 2,400 kilometres (1,500 mi) from the nearest continental land, South Africa, and 3,360 kilometres (2,090 mi) from South America. The territory consists of the main island, also named Tristan da Cunha, which has a north–south length of 11.27 kilometres (7.00 mi) and has an area of 98 square kilometres (38 sq mi), along with the smaller, uninhabited Nightingale Islands and the wildlife reserves of Inaccessible and Gough Islands.

Question: what type of islands are the Tristan da Cunha
Answer: volcanic

Question: where are the islands of Tristan da Cunha located?
Answer: south Atlantic Ocean

Question: how many square kilometres  is the island?
Answer: 98

Question: what type of island group are the islands?
Answer: archipelago
Tristan_da_Cunha

Tristan da Cunha is part of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. This includes Saint Helena and equatorial Ascension Island some 3,730 kilometres (2,318 mi) to the north of Tristan. The island has a population of 267 as of January 2016.

Question: what territory is Tristan da Cunha part of?
Answer: the British overseas territory of Saint Helena

Question: What is the population of the island?
Answer: 267

Question: what other island is included in the territory?
Answer: Ascension Island
Tristan_da_Cunha

The islands were first sighted in 1506 by Portuguese explorer Tristão da Cunha; rough seas prevented a landing. He named the main island after himself, Ilha de Tristão da Cunha, which was anglicised from its earliest mention on British Admiralty charts to Tristan da Cunha Island. Some sources state that the Portuguese made the first landing in 1520, when the Lás Rafael captained by Ruy Vaz Pereira called at Tristan for water. The first undisputed landing was made in 1643 by the crew of the Heemstede, captained by Claes Gerritsz Bierenbroodspot.

Question: in what year were the islands first sighted?
Answer: 1506

Question: what was the name of the explorer that sighted them?
Answer: Tristão da Cunha

Question: who was the main island named after?
Answer: Portuguese explorer Tristão da Cunha

Question: what year was it said the first island landing was made?
Answer: 1520
Tristan_da_Cunha

The first permanent settler was Jonathan Lambert, from Salem, Massachusetts, United States, who arrived at the islands in December 1810 with two other men. Lambert publicly declared the islands his property and named them the Islands of Refreshment. After being joined by an Andrew Millet, three of the four men died in 1812; however, the survivor among the original three permanent settlers, Thomas Currie (or Tommaso Corri) remained as a farmer on the island.

Question: what was the name of the first long term settler? 
Answer: Jonathan Lambert

Question: what year did the first permanent settler arrive?
Answer: December 1810

Question: what did one of the settlers rename the islands?
Answer: Islands of Refreshment
Tristan_da_Cunha

In 1816, the United Kingdom annexed the islands, ruling them from the Cape Colony in South Africa. This is reported to have primarily been a measure to ensure that the French would be unable to use the islands as a base for a rescue operation to free Napoleon Bonaparte from his prison on Saint Helena. The occupation also prevented the United States from using Tristan da Cunha as a cruiser base, as it had during the War of 1812.

Question: in what year did the UK annex the islands?
Answer: 1816

Question: where did the UK rule the islands from?
Answer: South Africa
Tristan_da_Cunha

In 1867, Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh and second son of Queen Victoria, visited the islands. The main settlement, Edinburgh of the Seven Seas, was named in honour of his visit. Lewis Carroll's youngest brother, the Reverend Edwin Heron Dodgson, served as an Anglican missionary and schoolteacher in Tristan da Cunha in the 1880s.

Question: in what year did Prince Alfred visit the island?
Answer: 1867

Question: what was the main settlement named?
Answer: Edinburgh of the Seven Seas

Question: who is Lewis Carroll's youngest brother?
Answer: Reverend Edwin Heron Dodgson
Tristan_da_Cunha

The islands were occupied by a garrison of British Marines and a civilian population was gradually built up. Whalers also set up on the islands as a base for operations in the Southern Atlantic. However, the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, together with the gradual move from sailing ships to coal-fired steam ships, increased the isolation of the islands, as they were no longer needed as a stopping port or for shelter for journeys from Europe to East Asia.

Question: what is one reason that caused the island to become less used?
Answer: the opening of the Suez Canal
Tristan_da_Cunha

During World War II, the islands were used as a top secret Royal Navy weather and radio station codenamed HMS Atlantic Isle, to monitor Nazi U-boats (which were required to maintain radio contact) and shipping movements in the South Atlantic Ocean. The first Administrator, Surgeon Lieutenant Commander E.J.S. Woolley, was appointed by the British government during this time.

Question: During what war was the island used as a Royal Navy station?
Answer: World War II

Question: What was the islands codename during World War II?
Answer: HMS Atlantic Isle

Question: Who was the administrator during World War II for the island?
Answer: Surgeon Lieutenant Commander E.J.S. Woolley
Tristan_da_Cunha

In 1958 as part of an experiment, Operation Argus, the United States Navy detonated an atomic bomb 160 kilometres (100 mi) high in the upper atmosphere about 175 kilometres (109 mi) southeast of the main island.

Question: What year was an atomic bomb detonated near the island?
Answer: 1958

Question: What country test detonated an atomic bomb near the island?
Answer: United States
Tristan_da_Cunha

The 1961 eruption of Queen Mary's Peak forced the evacuation of the entire population via Cape Town to England. The following year a Royal Society expedition went to the islands to assess the damage, and reported that the settlement of Edinburgh of the Seven Seas had been only marginally affected. Most families returned in 1963.

Question: What year was the island evacuated due to an eruption?
Answer: 1961

Question: What year did most families return after being evacuated?
Answer: 1963

Question: What was the name of the settlement that was assessed after the evactuation?
Answer: Edinburgh of the Seven Seas
Tristan_da_Cunha

On 13 February 2008, fire destroyed the fishing factory and the four generators that supplied power to the island. On 14 March 2008, new generators were installed and uninterrupted power was restored. This fire was devastating to the island because fishing is a mainstay of the economy. While a new factory was being planned and built, M/V Kelso came to the island and acted as a factory ship, with island fishermen based on board for stints normally of one week. The new facility was ready in July 2009, for the start of the 2009–10 fishing season.

Question: What year did a large fire destroy the fishing factory?
Answer: 2008

Question: When were the new generators installed to correct the power problems?
Answer: March 2008

Question: what was the name of the ship that was a temporary fishing facility?
Answer: M/V Kelso

Question: when was the new fishing factory ready for use?
Answer: July 2009
Tristan_da_Cunha

On 16 March 2011, the freighter MS Oliva ran aground on Nightingale Island, spilling tons of heavy fuel oil into the ocean, leaving an oil slick threatening the island's population of rockhopper penguins. Nightingale Island has no fresh water, so the penguins were transported to Tristan da Cunha for cleaning.

Question: When did the freighter Nightingale run aground?
Answer: March 2011

Question: What was spilled when the freighter ran aground?
Answer: heavy fuel oil

Question: what animal was threatened with the fuel oil spill?
Answer: rockhopper penguins

Question: where were the penguins transported for cleaning?
Answer: Tristan da Cunha