ផ្លាយ អាស់: បំរើ​បំរាស់​ផ្លាស​អាស់

បំរើ​បំរាស់​ផ្លាស​អាស់ 
ការ​យក​ផ្លាយអាស់​ទៅ​ប្រើ​ឡើង​វិញ ជា​សំភារៈ​វិស្វកម្ម កើត​ចេញ​មក​អំពី​លក្ខណៈ​ប៉ូស្សូឡានិច​របស់​វា មាន​រាង​ស្វ៊ែរ និង​ឯកសណ្ឋាន​គួរ​សម។ ការ​យក​ផ្លាយអាស់​ទៅ​ប្រើ​ឡើងវិញ តាម​លំដាប់​ញឹកញាប់​ខ្លាំង​ទៅ​តិច មាន​ដូច​ជា៖
ស៊ីម៉ង់ត៍​ផតលែន និង ទឹក​ស៊ីម៉ង់ត៍
ជើង​ទំនប់​ និង​ អង្គ​ចាក់​បំពេញ​បែប​ជា​គ្រោង​ឆ្អឹង
ស្តាប៊ីលីសាស្យុង និង ការ​ពង្រឹង​កាកសំនល់
គ្រឿង​បន្ថែម​ សំរាប់ ក្លាំងគែរ​ស៊ីម៉ង់ត៍
ការ​រុក​រាន​តំបន់ដី​រ៉ែ
ស្តាប៊ីលីសាស្យុង របស់​ដី​ទន់​
ទ្រនាប់​ក្រោម​របស់​ផ្លូវ
គ្រាប់ថ្ម
អង្គ​បំពេញ​អាច​ហូរ​បាន
ជាតិ​រ៉ែ​បន្ថែម នៅ​ក្នុង បេតុង​អាស្វាល់
ការ​ប្រើប្រាស់​ផ្សេង​ទៀត រួម​មាន​បេតុង​សែលុយលែរ, ធរណី​ប៉ូលីមែរ, ក្បឿង, ថ្នាំលាប, ​សិត​ដែក, និង​ជា​អង្គ​បន្ថែម​សំរាប់​ផលិត​ផល​ឈើ​និង​ប្លាស្ទិច។

ស៊ីម៉ង់ត៍​ផតលែន
Owing to its pozzolanic properties, fly ash is used as a replacement for some of the Portland cement content of concrete. The use of fly ash as a pozzolanic ingredient was recognized as early as 1914, although the earliest noteworthy study of its use was in 1937. Before its use was lost to the Dark Ages, Roman structures such as aqueducts or the Pantheon in Rome used volcanic ash (which possesses similar properties to fly ash) as pozzolan in their concrete. As pozzolan greatly improves the strength and durability of concrete, the use of ash is a key factor in their preservation.

Use of fly ash as a partial replacement for Portland cement is generally limited to Class F fly ashes. It can replace up to 30% by mass of Portland cement, and can add to the concrete’s final strength and increase its chemical resistance and durability. Recently concrete mix design for partial cement replacement with High Volume Fly Ash (50 % cement replacement) has been developed. For Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC)[used in dam construction] replacement values of 70% have been achieved with processed fly ash at the Ghatghar Dam project in Maharashtra, India.   Due to the spherical shape of fly ash particles, it can also increase workability of cement while reducing water demand. The replacement of Portland cement with fly ash is considered by its promoters to reduce the greenhouse gas "footprint" of concrete, as the production of one ton of Portland cement produces approximately one ton of CO2 as compared to zero CO2 being produced using existing fly ash. New fly ash production, i.e., the burning of coal, produces approximately twenty to thirty tons of CO2 per ton of fly ash. Since the worldwide production of Portland cement is expected to reach nearly 2 billion tons by 2010, replacement of any large portion of this cement by fly ash could significantly reduce carbon emissions associated with construction, as long as the comparison takes the production of fly ash as a given.

សំនង់​ជើង​ទេរទំនប់​
Fly ash properties are somewhat unique as an engineering material. Unlike typical soils used for embankment construction, fly ash has a large uniformity coefficient consisting of clay-sized particles. Engineering properties that will affect fly ash’s use in embankments include grain size distribution, compaction characteristics, shear strength, compressibility, permeability, and frost susceptibility. Nearly all fly ash used in embankments are Class F fly ashes.

ការ​បង្កើន​គុណភាព​ដី
Soil stabilization is the permanent physical and chemical alteration of soils to enhance their physical properties. Stabilization can increase the shear strength of a soil and/or control the shrink-swell properties of a soil, thus improving the load-bearing capacity of a sub-grade to support pavements and foundations. Stabilization can be used to treat a wide range of sub-grade materials from expansive clays to granular materials. Stabilization can be achieved with a variety of chemical additives including lime, fly ash, and Portland cement, as well as by-products such as lime-kiln dust (LKD) and cement-kiln dust (CKD). Proper design and testing is an important component of any stabilization project. This allows for the establishment of design criteria as well as the determination of the proper chemical additive and admixture rate to be used to achieve the desired engineering properties. Benefits of the stabilization process can include: Higher resistance (R) values, Reduction in plasticity, Lower permeability, Reduction of pavement thickness, Elimination of excavation - material hauling/handling - and base importation, Aids compaction, Provides “all-weather” access onto and within projects sites. Another form of soil treatment closely related to soil stabilization is soil modification, sometimes referred to as “mud drying” or soil conditioning. Although some stabilization inherently occurs in soil modification, the distinction is that soil modification is merely a means to reduce the moisture content of a soil to expedite construction, whereas stabilization can substantially increase the shear strength of a material such that it can be incorporated into the project’s structural design. The determining factors associated with soil modification vs soil stabilization may be the existing moisture content, the end use of the soil structure and ultimately the cost benefit provided. Equipment for the stabilization and modification processes include: chemical additive spreaders, soil mixers (reclaimers), portable pneumatic storage containers, water trucks, deep lift compactors, motor graders.

សំភារៈ​ចាក់​បំពេញ​ហាប់​ខ្លួន​ឯង
Fly ash is also used as a component in the production of flowable fill (also called controlled low strength material, or CLSM), which is used as self-leveling, self-compacting backfill material in lieu of compacted earth or granular fill. The strength of flowable fill mixes can range from 50 to 1,200 lbf/in² (0.3 to 8.3 MPa), depending on the design requirements of the project in question. Flowable fill includes mixtures of Portland cement and filler material, and can contain mineral admixtures. Fly ash can replace either the Portland cement or fine aggregate (in most cases, river sand) as a filler material. High fly ash content mixes contain nearly all fly ash, with a small percentage of Portland cement and enough water to make the mix flowable. Low fly ash content mixes contain a high percentage of filler material, and a low percentage of fly ash, Portland cement, and water. Class F fly ash is best suited for high fly ash content mixes, whereas Class C fly ash is almost always used in low fly ash content mixes.

បេតុង​អាស្វាល់
Asphalt concrete is a composite material consisting of an asphalt binder and mineral aggregate. Both Class F and Class C fly ash can typically be used as a mineral filler to fill the voids and provide contact points between larger aggregate particles in asphalt concrete mixes. This application is used in conjunction, or as a replacement for, other binders (such as Portland cement or hydrated lime). For use in asphalt pavement, the fly ash must meet mineral filler specifications outlined in ASTM D242. The hydrophobic nature of fly ash gives pavements better resistance to stripping. Fly ash has also been shown to increase the stiffness of the asphalt matrix, improving rutting resistance and increasing mix durability.

ធរណី​ប៉ូលីមែរ
កាល​ពី​ពេល​ថ្មីៗ​នេះ ផ្លាយអាស់ ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​យក​មក​ប្រើ​ជា​គ្រឿងផ្សំ​មួយ​ក្នុង ធរណី​ប៉ូលីមែរ ដែល​នៅ​ទី​នោះ រ៉េអាក់ទីវីតេ​របស់​កំទេច​ផ្លាយ​អាស់​​ត្រូវ​បាន​គេ​យក​ទៅ​ប្រើ​ជា​កាវ ដែល​អាច​ប្រៀប​បាន​នឹង​ស៊ីម៉ង់ត៍​ផតលែន​ ជា​រូបខាង​ក្រៅ និង​លក្ខណៈ ប៉ុន្តែ​បាន​កាត់​បន្ថយ​នូវ​បរិមាណ​ឧស្ម័ន​ CO2 ជា​ច្រើន​។Duxson P., Provis J.L., Lukey G.C., van Deventer J.S.J., The role of inorganic polymer technology in the development of Green concrete, Cement and Concrete Research, volume 37, issue = 12, year 2007,  pages = 1590–1597

It should be noted that when the total carbon footprint of the alkali required to form geopolymer cement is considered, including the calcining of limestone as an intermediate to the formation of alkali, the net reduction in total CO2 emissions may be negligible.  Moreover, handling of alkali can be problematic and setting of geopolymer cements is very rapid (minutes versus hours) as compared to Portland cements, making widespread use of geopolymer cements impractical at the ready mix level.

បេតុង​បង្ហាប់​ដោយ​រូឡូ
Another application of using fly ash is in roller compacted concrete dams. Many dams in the US have been constructed  with high fly ash contents. Fly ash lowers the heat of hydration allowing thicker placements to occur. Data for these can be found at the US Bureau of Reclamation. This has also  been demonstrated in the Ghatghar Dam Project in India.

អិដ្ឋ
Fly ash bricks gain strength as they age.
In India fly ash is being used to make fly ash bricks. Leading manufacturers like Puzzolana Green Bricks ( www.flyashbricksdelhi.com)have introduced high strength bricks in Delhi- NCR region which can be used like normal bricks.

In the United Kingdom fly ash has been used for over fifty years to make concrete building blocks. They are widely used for the inner skin of cavity walls. They are naturally more thermally insulating than blocks made with other aggregates.

Ash bricks have been used in house construction in Windhoek, Namibia since the 1970s. There is, however, a problem with the bricks in that they tend to fail or produce unsightly pop-outs. This happens when the bricks come into contact with moisture and a chemical reaction occurs causing the bricks to expand.

In May 2007, Henry Liu, a retired 70-year-old American civil engineer, announced that he had invented a new, environmentally sound building brick composed of fly ash and water. Compressed at 4,000 psi and cured for 24 hours in a 150 °F (66 °C) steam bath , then toughened with an air entrainment agent, the bricks last for more than 100 freeze-thaw cycles. Owing to the high concentration of calcium oxide in class C fly ash, the brick can be described as "self-cementing". The manufacturing method is said to save energy, reduce mercury pollution, and costs 20% less than traditional clay brick manufacturing. Liu intended to license his technology to manufacturers in 2008.Popular Science Magazine, INVENTION AWARDS : A Green Brick , May 2007National Science Foundation, Press Release 07-058, "Follow the 'Green' Brick Road?", May 22, 2007
Bricks of fly ash can be made of two types. One type of brick is made by mixing fly ash with about equal amounts of soil and proceeding through the ordinary process of making a brick. This type of formation reduces the use of sand in making bricks.

Another type of brick can be  made by mixing soil, plaster of paris and fly ash in a definite proportion with water and allowing the mixture to dry. Because it does not need to be heated in a furnace this technique reduces air pollution.