natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
4HE฀POSSIBILITIES฀OF฀REFUSAL฀CONmICT฀WITH฀THE฀FACT฀THAT฀THE฀REGULATION฀RECOG N I S E S ฀ THE฀ BASIC฀ A D M I S S I B I L I T Y ฀ OF฀ U S ING฀ M O D E R N ฀ COMMUNICATIONS฀ TECHNOLOGY฀ 4HE฀ REGULATION฀ SHOULD฀ THEREFORE฀BE฀ INTERPRETED฀ RE S T R I C T I V E L Y ฀ !฀-EMBER฀ 3TATE฀IS฀NOT฀ALLOWED฀TO฀INCLUDE฀OR฀TO฀MAINTAIN฀PROVISIONS฀IN฀ITS฀LEGAL฀SYSTEM฀ WHICH฀ C O M P L E T E L Y ฀ PRO H I B IT฀ THE฀ USE฀ OF฀ COMMUNICATIONS฀ TECHNOLOGY฀ 3 U C H ฀ A฀ PROCEDURE฀ WOULD฀ M E AN฀ THAT฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ WOULD฀ BE฀ C O M P L E T E L Y ฀ D EP R I V E D ฀ OF฀ ITS฀ PRACTICAL฀ EFFECT฀ IN฀ THAT฀ 3TATE฀ 4HIS฀ WOULD฀ CONmICT฀ WITH฀ GENERAL฀ PRINCIPLES฀ OF฀ #OMMUNITY฀ LAW฀ )N฀ ADDITION฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ I M PO S E S ฀ AN฀ OBLIGATION฀ ON฀-EMBER฀3TATES฀TO฀ADJUST฀THE฀TECHNICAL฀EQUIPMENT฀IN฀THEIR฀COURTS฀TO฀THE฀ REQUIREMENTS฀ OF฀ THE฀ D A Y
MED฀ DEN฀ AN S � KANDE฀ STATENS฀ LAGSTIFTNING฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ $ET฀ K R � VS ฀ H � R F � R ฀ SOM฀ ETT฀ F � R STA ฀ STEG฀ EN฀ FRAM S T� L L NING฀ D � R ฀ DETTA฀ � NffS K E M � L ฀ ANGES฀ $EN฀ ANMODADE฀DOMSTOLEN฀ KAN฀ A VS L � ฀ DENNA฀ FRAM S T� L L NING฀ OM฀ F � R F A R IN G SffS � T TET ฀ n ฀ T EX ฀ P � ฀ GRUND฀ AV฀ SKYDD฀ F � R ฀ P R I V A T L I V ET ฀ ELLER฀ D A TA SKYDD฀ n ฀ � R ฀ OF � R ENLIGT฀ MED฀ DEN฀ ANMODADE฀ STATENS฀ LAGSTIFTNING฀ ELLER฀ OM฀ DEN฀ IN N E B� R ฀ BETYDANDE฀PRAKTISKA฀ S V � R I G HETER฀ 3 �D AN A ฀ S V � R I G HETER฀ KAN฀ ENLIGT฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ SISTA฀ STYCKET฀ EVENTUELLT฀ AV H J � L PAS฀ GENOM฀ATT฀ DOMSTOLARNA฀ TILL฀ VARAN D RAS฀ F � R FO GANDE฀ S T� L L E R ฀ E R FO R DE R L I G A ฀ TEKNISKA฀ H J � L P MEDEL ฀ & � R ฀ �V R I G T ฀ G � R ฀ DET฀ INTE฀ ATT฀UT L � S A ฀ AV฀ F � R ORDNINGEN฀ ATT฀DET฀ SKULLE฀ VARA฀ O TILL � TET ฀ ATT฀ S T� L L A ฀ DE฀ MEDEL ฀ TILL฀ F � R FO GANDE฀ SOM฀ PARTERNA฀ BE H �V E R -� JL I G HETERNA฀ ATT฀ V � G R A ฀ VERK S T� L LIGHET฀ S T� R ฀ I฀ETT฀ S P � N N IN G S F � R H � L L AN DE฀ TILL฀ DEN฀ I฀ F � R ORDNINGEN฀ ANGIVNA฀ P R IN C I P I E L L A ฀ TILL � T L I G HETEN฀ ATT฀ AN V � N D A ฀ M O DE R N ฀ KOMMUNIKATIONSTEKNIK฀ -AN฀ M � S T E ฀ S � L E DES ฀ TOLKA฀ DESSA฀ M � JL I G HETER฀ RE S T R I K T I V T ฀ $ET฀ � R ฀ F � R B JU DET฀ F � R ฀ MEDLEMSSTATERNA฀ ATT฀ I฀ SIN฀ R � T TffS O R D NING฀ IN F � R A ฀ ELLER฀ B I BE H � L L A ฀ BE S T� M M E L SE R ฀ SOM฀HELT฀ F � R B JU DE R ฀ AN V � N DANDE฀ AV฀ KOMMUNIKATIONSTEKNIK฀ %TT฀ S �D AN T ฀ F � R F A R IN G SffS � T T ฀ SKULLE฀ N� M LIGEN฀ LEDA฀ TILL฀ ATT฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ I฀DENNA฀ STAT฀HELT฀ F � R L O RAR฀ SIN฀ PRAKTISKA฀ VERKAN฀ $ETTA฀ SKULLE฀ S T R I D A ฀ MOT฀ DE฀ ALL M � N N A ฀ PRINCIPERNA฀ F � R ฀ GEMEN S K A PS R � T TEN฀ !V ฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ F � L J E R ฀ DESSUTOM฀ EN฀ SKYLDIGHET฀ F � R ฀ MEDLEMSSTATERNA฀ ATT฀ AN P A SffS A ฀ SINA฀ DOMSTOLARS฀ TEKNISKA฀ UT R UffS T NING฀ TILL฀ TID ENS ฀ K R AV
!RTICLE฀ ฀ TO฀ ฀GOVERNS฀ THE฀ ROLE฀OF฀ THE฀PARTIES฀ AN D OR฀ THEIR฀ REPRESENTATIVES฀ WHEN฀ THE฀ REQUESTED฀COURT฀ TAKES฀ EVIDENCE฀ (ERE฀ A฀ DISTINCTION฀ SHOULD฀ BE฀MADE฀ BETWEEN฀ PRESENCE฀ AND฀ PARTICIPATION฀ 0 RE S E N C E ฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ IS฀ THE฀ N A R R O W E R ฀EX P RE S S I ON฀ AND฀ M E AN S ฀ M E RE ฀ P H Y S ICAL฀ PRESENCE฀ WHILE฀ PARTICIPATION฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀COVERS฀ E VERY฀ FORM฀OF฀ A C TIVE฀ INVOLVEMENT฀ � ฀ FOR ฀EX A M P L E ฀ THE฀ Q U E S T I O N ING฀ OF฀ W I T N E S S E S ฀ 3 U C H ฀ INVOLVEMENT฀ MAY฀ ALSO฀ TAKE฀ PLACE฀ BY฀ M E AN S ฀ OF฀ A฀ V I D E O CON F E RE N C E
)฀ ARTIKEL฀�฀ REGLERAS฀ DEN฀ R O L L ฀ SOM฀ PARTERNA฀ OCH ELLER฀ DERAS฀ F � R ET R �D A RE ฀ F � R ฀ SPELA฀ VID฀ DEN฀ ANMODADE฀ DOMSTOLENS฀ BEVISUPPTAGNING฀ -AN฀ G � R ฀ D � R VID฀ � T SKILLNAD฀ MELLAN฀ N� R VAR O ฀ OCH฀ DELTAGANDE฀ "E G RE P P ET ฀ N� R VAR O ฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ � R ฀ S N� VARE ฀ OCH฀ AVSER฀DEN฀ RENT฀ F Y S I SKA฀ N� R VAR O N ฀MEDAN฀DELTA GANDE฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ OMFATTAR฀ ALLA฀ FORMER฀ AV฀ A K TIV฀ MED VERKAN฀ EXEMPELVIS฀ UT F R � G NING฀ AV฀ VI T T NEN฀ $E L TA GANDE฀ KAN฀ �V EN฀ SKE฀ I฀ FORM฀ AV฀ EN฀ VID E O K O NFE R ENS
4HE฀ CON DI TION฀ FOR฀ THE฀ APPLICATION฀ OF฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ TO฀ ฀ IS฀ A฀ REQUEST฀ FOR฀ THE฀ PRESENCE฀ OR฀ PARTICIPATION฀ OF฀ THE฀PARTIES฀ OR฀ THEIR฀ REPRESENTATIVES฀ 7 H E T H E R ฀ SUCH฀A฀REQUEST฀IS฀MADE฀DEPENDS฀IN฀TURN฀SOLELY฀ON฀THE฀LAW฀OF฀THE฀REQUESTING฀ 3TATE฀ 4HIS฀ IS฀ ALREADY฀ MADE฀ CLEAR฀ IN฀ THE฀ GENERAL฀ INSTRU C TION฀ IN฀!RTICLE฀ ฀ AND฀ IS฀CON l R M E D ฀BY฀THE฀ INTRO D U C TO R Y ฀ S E N T E N C E ฀ OF฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ @ )F฀ IT฀ IS฀ PROVIDED฀ FOR ฀BY฀THE฀ LAW฀OF฀ THE฀ ฀ REQUESTING฀COURT฀ x ฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ DOES฀ NOT฀ THEREFORE฀JUSTIFY฀ANY฀OF฀THE฀PRESENCE฀OR฀PARTICIPATION฀RIGHTS฀OF฀THE฀PARTIES฀ WHICH฀ ARE฀ INDEPENDENT฀ OF฀ THE฀ LAW฀OF฀ THE฀ REQUESTING฀ 3TATE฀ 2 A T H E R ฀ THE฀ PRO V I SION฀ONLY฀ENSURES฀THAT฀A฀RIGHT฀OF฀PRESENCE฀OR฀PARTICIPATION฀UNDER฀THAT฀LAW฀IS฀ ALSO฀ RE S P E C T E D ฀BY฀THE฀ REQUESTED฀ COURT
& � R UT S � T T NINGEN฀ F � R ฀ ATT฀ ARTIKEL฀�฀ SKALL฀ TILL � M PAS฀ � R ฀ EN฀ FRAM S T� L L NING฀ I฀ VILKEN฀ N� R VAR O ฀ ELLER฀ DELTAGANDE฀ F R � N ฀ PARTERNAS฀ ELLER฀ DESSAS฀ F � R ET R �D A RE S ฀ SIDA฀ ANGES฀ /M฀ EN฀ S � DAN฀ FRAM S T� L L NING฀ KAN฀ IN GES฀ BEROR ฀ I฀ SIN฀ TUR฀ P � ฀ LAGSTIFTNINGEN฀ I฀DEN฀AN S � KANDE฀ STATEN฀ $ETTA฀ FRAM G � R ฀ REDAN฀ AV฀DEN฀ ALL M � N N A ฀ F � RE S K R I FT EN฀ I฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ OCH฀ BE K R � FT A S ฀ I฀DEN฀ INLEDANDE฀MENINGEN฀ I฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ /M฀DET฀ F � RE SKRIVS฀ I฀ LAGSTIFTNINGEN฀ I฀ ; = ฀ DEN฀ MEDLEMSSTAT฀ D � R ฀ DEN฀ AN S � KANDE฀DOMSTOL EN฀ � R ฀ BE L � GEN฀ !RTIKEL฀ ฀ MOT I V E RAR฀ D � R F � R ฀ INGEN ฀ AV฀ LAGSTIFTNINGEN฀ I฀DEN฀AN S � KANDE฀ STATEN฀ OBEROENDE฀ R � T T ฀ F � R ฀ PARTERNA฀ TILL฀ N� R VAR O ฀ ELLER฀ DELTAGANDE฀ 'ENOM฀ BE S T� M M E L SE N ฀ S � K E R S T� L L S ฀ I฀ S T� L L ET ฀ ENDAST฀ ATT฀ EN฀ R � T T ฀ TILL฀ N� R VAR O ฀ ELLER฀ DELTAGANDE฀ ENLIGT฀ DENNA฀ LAGSTIFTNING฀SKALL฀ RE S P E K T E RAS฀ �V EN฀ AV฀DEN฀ANMODADE฀ DOMSTOLEN
4HE฀ PRESENCE฀ OF฀ THE฀PARTIES฀ OR฀ THEIR฀ REPRESENTATIVES฀ UNDER฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀IS฀AN฀ A B SOLU T E ฀ RIGHT฀ WHICH฀MAY฀ NOT฀ BE฀ RESTRICTED฀ BY฀ THE฀ REQUESTED฀COURT฀ 4HE฀ INTENDED฀ PRESENCE฀ IS฀ THEREFORE฀ ONLY฀ COMMUNICATED฀ IN฀ THE฀ REQUEST฀ NO฀ @ REQUEST฀ IS฀
.� R VAR O ฀ AV฀ PARTERNA฀ ELLER฀ DESSAS฀ F � R ET R �D A RE ฀ ENLIGT฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ � R ฀ EN฀ A BS O L UT ฀ R � T T I G H ET ฀ SOM฀ INTE฀ F � R ฀ IN S K R � N K A S ฀ AV฀DEN฀ANMODADE฀ DOMSTOLEN฀ $EN฀ AVSEDDA฀ N� R VAR O N ฀ MED DEL A S ฀ ENDAST฀ I฀ FRAM S T� L L NINGEN฀ OCH฀ v BE G � R S v ฀ S � L E DES ฀ STRIKT฀ SETT฀
ACTUALLY฀ MADE฀ IN฀ THE฀ S T R I C T ฀ S E N S E ฀ 4HE฀ REQUESTED฀COURT฀ MUST฀ NOT฀ P L E A D ฀ THAT฀ UNDER฀ITS฀LAW฀THE฀PARTIES฀DO฀NOT฀HAVE฀TO฀BE฀PRESENT฀AT฀THE฀PERFORMANCE฀OF฀COM P A R ABLE฀ TAKING฀OF฀ E V I D E N C E
INTE฀ $EN฀ ANMODADE฀DOMSTOLEN฀ F � R ฀ INTE฀ H � N VI S A ฀ TILL฀ATT฀PARTERNA฀ENLIGT฀ LAGSTIFTNINGEN฀ I฀DEN฀ STAT฀ D � R ฀ DOMSTOLEN฀ � R ฀ BE L � GEN฀ INTE฀ F � R ฀ N� R VARA฀ VID฀ LIK A R T AD ฀ BEVISUPPTAG N IN G
)N฀ CON T R A S T ฀ THE฀ REQUESTED฀COURT฀ IS฀ E N T I T L E D ฀ UNDER฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀TO฀DETERMINE฀ CONDITIONS฀ FOR฀ THE฀ A C TIVE฀ PARTICIPATION฀ OF฀ THE฀PARTIES฀ OR฀ THEIR฀ REPRESENTATIVES฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ DOES฀ NOT฀ S TATE฀ W H AT฀ CONDITIONS฀ COULD฀ BE฀ IN V O L V E D ฀ H E RE ฀ ) N S T E A D ฀ A฀ GENERAL฀ REFERENCE฀ IS฀MADE฀ TO฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ 4HIS฀ M E AN S ฀ THE฀ FOLLOWING฀ IN฀ PRINCIPLE฀ ACTIVE฀PARTICIPATION฀OF฀THE฀PARTIES฀OR฀THEIR฀REPRESENTATIVES฀SHOULD฀TAKE฀PLACE฀AS฀ PROVIDED฀ FOR฀ IN฀ THE฀ LAW฀OF฀ THE฀ REQUESTED฀COURT฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ 7 I T H ฀ REGARD฀ TO฀ W H AT฀ IS฀ PRO B A B L Y ฀ IN฀ P R A C T I C E ฀ THE฀MOST฀ IMPORTANT฀ ASPECT฀ OF฀ PARTICIPATION฀ THE฀ P U T TING฀ OF฀ QUESTIONS฀ TO฀ PER S O N S ฀ TO฀BE฀ H E A R D ฀ THE฀PARTIES฀ OR฀ THEIR฀ REPRESENTATIVES฀ THUS฀ HAVE฀ PRECISELY฀ THE฀ SAME฀ POWERS฀ AS฀ THE฀PARTIES฀ OR฀ THEIR฀ REPRESENTATIVES฀ WOULD฀HAVE฀ IN฀ INTERNAL฀PROCEEDINGS฀ IN฀ THE฀ REQUESTED฀ 3TATE฀ )F฀ H O W E V E R ฀ THE฀ REQUESTING฀ 3TATE฀ A S K S ฀ FOR฀ A฀ DIFFERENT฀ PARTICIPATION฀ PROCEDURE฀ FOR ฀EX A M P L E ฀ A฀ RIGHT฀TO฀ASK฀MORE฀DETAILED฀QUESTIONS฀OR฀PARTICIPATION฀IN฀THE฀FORM฀OF฀A฀VIDEO CON F E RE N C E ฀ THE฀ REQUEST฀ IS฀ TO฀BE฀ C O M P L I E D ฀ WITH฀ IN฀ ACCORDANCE฀WITH฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ UNLESS฀ IT฀ IS฀ INCOMPATIBLE฀WITH฀ THE฀ LAW฀OF฀ THE฀ REQUESTED฀COURT฀ OR฀ IS฀NOT฀ FEA S I B L E ฀ BE C A USE฀ IT฀ WOULD฀ C A USE฀ MAJOR฀ PRACTICAL฀ D IF l C U L T I E S
$� R EMOT฀ F � R ฀ DEN฀ ANMODADE฀DOMSTOLEN฀ ENLIGT฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ S T� L L A ฀ VILLKOR฀ F � R ฀ PARTERNAS฀ ELLER฀ DERAS฀ F � R ET R �D A RE S ฀ AKTIVA฀ DELTAGANDE฀ 6ILKET฀ SLAG ฀ AV฀ VILLKOR฀ DETTA฀ KAN฀ VARA฀ ANGES฀ INTE฀ I฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ )฀ S T� L L ET ฀ G � R S ฀ EN฀ ALL M � N ฀ H � N VI S NING฀ TILL฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ $ETTA฀ IN N E B� R ฀ ATT฀ PARTERNAS฀ ELLER฀ DERAS฀ F � R ET R �D A RE S ฀ AKTIVA฀ DELTAGANDE฀ I฀PRINCIP฀ SKALL฀ F � R SIG G � ฀ P � ฀ S �D AN T ฀ S � T T ฀ SOM฀ ANGES฀ I฀DEN฀ LAGSTIFTNING฀ SOM฀ G � L L E R ฀ I฀DEN฀ STAT฀ D � R ฀ DEN฀ ANMODADE฀DOMSTOLEN฀ � R ฀ BE L � GEN฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ 6ID฀ DEN฀ V � L ฀ I฀PRAKTIKEN฀ M EffS T ฀ V �SE N T L I G A ฀ FORM EN฀ AV฀ DELTAGANDE฀ ATT฀ S T� L L A ฀ F R � G O R ฀ TILL฀ PERSONER฀ SOM฀SKALL฀ H � RAS฀ HAR฀ PARTERNA฀ ELLER฀ DERAS฀ F � R ET R �D A RE ฀ D � R MED฀ EXAKT ฀ SAMMA฀ R � T T I G HETER฀ SOM฀ PARTERNA฀ ELLER฀ DESSAS฀ F � R ET R �D A RE ฀ SKULLE฀ HA฀ H A FT ฀ VID฀ ETT฀ INTE R N T ฀ R � T TffS LIGT฀ F � R F A RANDE฀ INOM฀DEN฀ ANMODADE฀ STATEN฀ /M฀ DEN฀ AN S � KANDE฀DOMSTOL EN฀ EMELLERTID฀ BE G � R ฀ EN฀ AV VI KANDE฀ FORM฀ AV฀ ETT฀ DELTAGANDE฀ EXEMPELVIS฀ EN฀ R � T T ฀ ATT฀ S T� L L A ฀ F R � G O R ฀ VILKEN฀ S T R � C K E R ฀ SIG ฀ L � N G RE ฀ ELLER฀ DELTAGANDE฀ I฀ FORM฀ AV฀ EN฀ VID E O K O NFE R ENS ฀ SKALL฀ DENNA฀ BE G � R AN ฀ I฀ENLIGHET฀MED฀ARTIKEL฀ ฀ TILL M � T EffS G � S ฀ S � VID A ฀ INTE฀ DETTA฀ F � R F A RANDE฀ � R ฀ OF � R ENLIGT฀ MED฀ LAGSTIFTNINGEN฀ I฀ DEN฀MEDLEMSSTATEN฀ ELLER฀ IN N E B� R ฀ BETYDANDE฀PRAKTISKA฀ S V � R I G H ET E R
TO฀ PARTICIPATE฀ THE฀ REQUESTED฀COURT฀ CAN฀ A S K ฀ THE฀PARTIES฀ TO฀BE฀ P RE S ENT฀ OR฀ TO฀ PARTICIPATE฀ 4HIS฀ ALREADY฀ FOLLOWS฀ FROM฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ WHEREBY฀ REQUESTS฀ ARE฀ TO฀ BE ฀EX E C U T E D ฀IN฀ACCORDANCE฀WITH฀ THE฀ LAW฀OF฀ THE฀ REQUESTED฀ 3TATE฀ 7HERE฀ THAT฀ LAW฀ PROVIDES฀ FOR฀ THE฀ PRESENCE฀ OR฀ PARTICIPATION฀ OF฀ THE฀PARTIES฀ THE฀ REQUESTED฀COURT฀ CAN฀ ALSO฀ AVAIL฀ ITSELF฀ OF฀ THIS฀ LAW฀ IF฀ NO฀ REQUEST฀ IS฀MADE฀ IN฀ THIS฀ CONNECTION฀ ( O W E V E R ฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ SETS฀ A฀ LIMIT฀ THE฀ CON DI TION฀ FOR฀ THE฀ PRESENCE฀ OR฀ PARTICIPATION฀ OF฀THE฀PARTIES฀IS฀THAT฀APPROPRIATE฀PROVISION฀IS฀ALSO฀MADE฀IN฀THE฀LAW฀OF฀THE฀RE Q U E S TING฀ COURT฀ 4HE฀ TAKING฀OF฀EVIDENCE฀ ABROAD฀ MUST฀ NOT฀ LEAD฀TO฀A฀SITUATION฀ WHERE฀THE฀PARTIES฀TO฀SPECIlC฀PROCEEDINGS฀SUDDENLY฀HAVE฀MORE฀RIGHTS฀THAN฀IN฀ P U RE L Y ฀ INTERNAL฀PROCEEDINGS฀ )F฀ IN฀ SUCH฀ A฀ CASE฀ THE฀ TAKING฀OF฀EVIDENCE฀ WITHOUT฀ THE฀PARTICIPATION฀OF฀THE฀PARTIES฀IS฀INCOMPATIBLE฀WITH฀THE฀LAW฀OF฀THE฀REQUESTED฀ 3TATE฀ IT฀ COULD฀ BE฀ REFUSED฀ !RTICLE฀
ANMODADE฀DOMSTOLEN฀ BE G � R A ฀ ATT฀PARTERNA฀ SKALL฀ N� R VARA฀ ELLER฀ DELTA฀ $ETTA฀ FRAM G � R ฀ E GEN T LIGEN฀ REDAN฀ AV฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ ENLIGT฀ VILKEN฀ FRAM S T� L L NINGEN฀ SKALL฀ VERK S T� L L A S ฀ I฀ ENLIGHET฀MED฀ LAGSTIFTNINGEN฀ I฀DEN฀ANMODADE฀ STATEN฀ /M฀DET฀ I฀DENNA฀ LAGSTIFTNING฀ F � RE SKRIVS฀ ATT฀PARTERNA฀ SKALL฀ N� R VARA฀ ELLER฀ DELTA฀ KAN฀ DEN฀ ANMODADE฀DOMSTOLEN฀ OM BE S � R J A ฀ DETTA฀ �V EN฀ OM฀DET฀ INTE฀ IN GIV I TffS ฀ N� G O N ฀ FRAM S T� L L NING฀ H � R OM฀ $ O C K ฀ IN F � R S ฀ GENOM฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ BE G R � NffS NINGEN฀ ATT฀DET฀ F � R ฀ ATT฀PARTERNA฀ SKALL฀ F � ฀ N� R VARA฀ ELLER฀ DELTA฀ K R � VS ฀ ATT฀ DETTA฀ F � RE SKRIVS฀ �V EN฀ I฀ LAGSTIFTNINGEN฀ I฀DEN฀ STAT฀ D � R ฀ DEN฀ AN S � KANDE฀DOMSTOL EN฀ � R ฀ BE L � GEN฀ "E VI S UPP TA G NINGEN฀ I฀ UTLANDET฀ F � R ฀ N� M LIGEN฀ INTE฀ LEDA฀ TILL฀ ATT฀PARTERNA฀ I฀ ETT฀VISST฀ R � T TffS LIGT฀ F � R F A RANDE฀ P L � TffS LIGT฀ SKULLE฀ F � ฀ S T� R RE ฀ R � T T I G HETER฀ � N ฀ VID฀ ETT฀ RENT฀ INTE R N T ฀ R � T TffS LIGT฀ F � R F A RANDE฀ /M฀ BEVISUPPTAGNING฀ UTAN฀ DELTAGANDE฀ AV฀ PARTERNA฀ I฀ETT฀ S �D AN T ฀ FALL฀ � R ฀ OF � R EN LIG฀ MED฀ LAGSTIFTNINGEN฀ I฀DEN฀ANMODADE฀ STATEN฀ KAN฀ DENNA฀ V � G RAS฀ ARTIKEL฀
4HE฀POSSIBILITY฀OF฀REPRESENTATIVES฀OF฀THE฀REQUESTING฀COURT฀BEING฀PRESENT฀AT฀THE฀ TAKING฀OF฀EVIDENCE฀ OR฀ OF฀ TAKING฀ AN฀ A C TIVE฀ P A R T ฀ T H E RE IN฀ IS฀ COVERED฀ BY฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ (ERE฀ TOO ฀ A฀ SPECIAL฀ PROCEDURE฀ FOR฀ THE฀ T R A DI TIONAL฀ TAKING฀OF฀EVIDENCE฀ IS฀ IN V O L V E D ฀ 4HE฀ REQUESTED฀COURT฀ THEREFORE฀ TAKES฀ C H A R G E ฀OF฀THE฀ TAKING฀OF฀EVIDENCE฀ UNLIKE฀WHAT฀HAPPENS฀IN฀THE฀CASE฀OF฀DIRECT฀TAKING฀OF฀EVIDENCE฀IN฀ACCORDANCE฀ WITH฀ !RTICLE฀
)฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ REGLERAS฀ M � JL I G HETEN฀ F � R ฀ F � R ET R �D A RE ฀ F � R ฀ DEN฀ AN S � KANDE฀DOMSTOL EN฀ ATT฀ N� R VARA฀ VID฀ BEVISUPPTAGNINGEN฀ ELLER฀ ATT฀ AKTIVT฀ DELTA฀ I฀DENNA฀ �V EN฀ H � R VID฀ R � R ฀ DET฀ SIG ฀ OM฀ ETT฀ S � R S K I L T ฀ F � R F A RANDE฀ AV฀ TRADI T I O NELL฀ BEVISUPPTAGNING฀ $ET฀ TILL KOMMER฀ DEN฀ ANMODADE฀DOMSTOLEN฀ n ฀ TILL฀ SKILLNAD฀ F R � N ฀ VAD฀ SOM฀ � R ฀ FALLET฀ VID฀ EN฀ DIREKT฀ BEVISUPPTAGNING฀ ENLIGT฀ ARTIKEL฀ ฀ n ฀ ATT฀ LEDA฀ BEVISUPPTAG N INGEN
!RTICLE฀ ฀ DETERMINES฀ W H O ฀ IS฀ TO฀BE฀ CONSIDERED฀ A฀ REPRESENTATIVE฀ OF฀ THE฀ REQUESTING฀COURT฀ SOLELY฀ IN฀ ACCORDANCE฀WITH฀ ITS฀ LAW฀ )N฀ P R A C T I C E ฀ M EM BE R S ฀ OF฀ THAT฀ COURT฀ � ฀ P R I M A R I L Y ฀ A฀ JUDG E ฀DE AL ING฀ WITH฀ THE฀ M A T T E R ฀ �฀AND ฀EX PER T S ฀ WILL฀ BE฀ IN V O L V E D ฀ 4O฀ THAT฀ E X T ENT฀ THE฀ REQUESTED฀COURT฀ HAS฀ NO฀ POWERS฀ OF ฀EX A M IN A TION฀ IF฀ A฀ PER S ON฀ IS฀ N A M E D ฀ IN฀ THE฀ REQUEST฀ AS฀ A฀ REPRESENTATIVE฀ OF฀ THE฀ REQUESTING฀COURT฀ IT฀ SHOULD฀BE฀ A S S U M E D ฀ THAT฀ THIS฀ ACT฀ OF ฀REPRE S E N T A TION฀ ACTUALLY฀ O C C U R S
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!RTICLE฀ ฀ HAS฀ A฀ D U AL ฀ A I M ฀ l R S T L Y ฀ IT฀ SHOULD฀ BE฀MADE฀ POSSIBLE฀ FOR฀ THE฀ R EP RE S E N T ATIVES฀OF฀THE฀REQUESTING฀COURT฀DIRECTLY฀TO฀OBSERVE฀STATEMENTS฀MADE฀BY฀PERSONS฀ BEING฀ Q U E S T I O N E D ฀ 4HIS฀ MAY฀ BE฀ OF ฀DE C I S I V E ฀ I M PO R T ANCE฀ FOR฀ THE฀ E V AL U A TION฀OF฀ SUCH฀ S T A T E MENTS฀ - E RE ฀ P A S S I V E ฀ PRESENCE฀ OF฀ THE฀ REPRESENTATIVE฀ IS฀ SUFlCIENT฀ FOR฀ THIS฀ A I M ฀ !CTIVE฀ PARTICIPATION฀ HAS฀ A฀ WIDER฀ S I G N I l C ANCE฀ 7 H E N ฀ EVIDENCE฀ IS฀ TAKEN฀ D E V E L OP MENTS฀ MAY฀ O C C U R ฀ WHICH฀ COULD฀ NOT฀ HAVE฀ BEEN฀ E N V I S A G E D ฀ EVEN฀ IN฀ THE฀MOST฀DETAILED฀OF฀ REQUESTS฀ )F฀ A฀ REPRESENTATIVE฀ OF฀ THE฀ REQUESTING฀COURT฀ IS฀ P RE S ENT฀ H E ฀ CAN฀ RE ACT฀ TO฀ SUCH฀ D E V E L OP MENTS฀ AND฀ FOR ฀EX A M P L E ฀ A S K ฀ QUESTIONS฀ THE฀NEED฀FOR฀WHICH฀ARISES฀ONLY฀FROM฀THE฀STATEMENTS฀PREVIOUSLY฀GIVEN฀BY฀ THE฀ PER S O N S ฀ BEING฀ Q U E S T I O N E D ฀ )F฀ AN ฀EX PER T ฀ IS฀ S ENT฀ AS฀ A฀ REPRESENTATIVE฀ H E ฀ WILL฀ ALSO฀ BE฀ABLE฀TO฀PUT฀ADDITIONAL฀TECHNICAL฀QUESTIONS฀WHICH฀ARE฀OF฀IMPORTANCE฀FOR฀THE฀ PRO D U C TION฀OF฀ HIS฀ RE PO R T
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BE฀MADE฀ OR฀ IF฀ NEED฀ BE฀ EVEN฀ HAS฀ TO฀ BE฀MADE฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ THUS฀ DOES฀ NOT฀ PROVIDE฀ JU S T I l C A TION฀ FOR฀ THE฀ RIGHT฀ WHICH฀ IS฀ INDEPENDENT฀ OF฀ THE฀ LAW฀OF฀ THE฀ REQUESTING฀ 3TATE฀ OF฀ THE฀ REPRESENTATIVES฀ OF฀ THE฀ REQUESTING฀ 3TATE฀ TO฀BE฀ P RE S ENT฀ OR฀ TO฀ PARTICIPATE฀ 4HE฀ PROVISION฀ APPLIES฀ ONLY฀ IF฀THIS฀ RIGHT฀ ENABLES฀ REPRESENTATIVES฀ OF฀ THE฀ COURT฀ TO฀BE฀ P RE S ENT฀ OR฀ TO฀ PARTICIPATE฀ IN฀ THE฀ TAKING฀OF฀EVIDENCE฀ ABROAD฀ OR฀ IF฀ NEED฀ BE฀ P RE S C R IBE S ฀ THIS฀ C O U R S E ฀ OF฀ A C T I O N
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)N฀ PARTICULAR฀ THIS฀ B A S IS฀ WILL฀ HAVE฀ TO฀BE฀ U S E D ฀TO฀DETERMINE฀ WHETHER฀ THE฀ Q U E S TIONS฀ARE฀TO฀BE฀PUT฀DIRECTLY฀OR฀VIA฀THE฀JUDGE฀OF฀THE฀REQUESTED฀COURT฀WHO฀IS฀ L E A D ING฀ THE฀ Q U E S T I O N ING฀ 4HIS฀ JUDGE฀WILL฀ ALSO฀BE฀ABLE฀ TO฀ REJECT฀ INDIVIDUAL฀ QUESTIONS฀ IF฀ THEY฀ FOR ฀EX A M P L E ฀ CONmICT฀ WITH฀ RIGHTS฀ OF฀ A฀WITNESS฀ TO฀ R EF USE฀ TO฀ GIVE฀ EVIDENCE฀ UNDER฀ THE฀ LAW฀OF฀ THE฀ REQUESTED฀ 3TATE฀ ( O W E V E R ฀ IT฀ WOULD฀ BE฀ INADMISSIBLE฀TO฀PRECLUDE฀ALL฀RIGHTS฀OF฀THE฀REPRESENTATIVES฀OF฀THE฀REQUESTING฀ 3TATE฀ TO฀ A S K ฀ Q U E S T I O N S
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!RTICLE฀ ฀ AND฀ ฀COVERS฀ THE฀ FORMAL฀PROCEDURE฀ 5NDER฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ THE฀ REQUESTING฀COURT฀CAN฀ALREADY฀INCLUDE฀THE฀INFORMATION฀THAT฀A฀REPRESENTATIVE฀IS฀ TO฀BE฀PRESENT฀AT฀THE฀TAKING฀OF฀EVIDENCE฀OR฀THE฀REQUEST฀FOR฀ACTIVE฀PARTICIPATION฀ IN฀ THE฀ O R I G IN AL ฀ REQUEST฀ FOR฀ M U T U AL ฀ ASSISTANCE฀ FORM฀ !� ฀ H O W E V E R ฀ THIS฀ INFORMATION฀ CAN฀ ALSO฀ BE฀ TRANSMITTED฀AT฀A฀ LATER฀ S T A G E ฀ 4HE฀ REQUESTED฀COURT฀ THEREFORE฀ INFORMS฀THE฀REQUESTING฀COURT฀USING฀FORM฀ & ฀OF฀THE฀PLACE฀AND฀TIME฀OF฀THE฀PRO C E E D INGS฀ AND฀ IF฀ NECESSARY฀ ALSO฀ IN DI C A T E S ฀ THE฀ CONDITIONS฀ FOR฀ SUCH฀ PARTICIPATION฀ " EF O RE ฀ THE฀ FORMAL฀ N O T I l C A TION฀ TAKES฀ PLACE ฀IT฀WILL฀ BE฀ U S EF U L ฀ FOR฀ BOTH฀ COURTS฀ TO฀ A G RE E ฀ IN FORMALLY฀ BY฀ P H ONE฀ ON฀ A฀ D A T E
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