฀ 4HE฀ CHOICE฀OF฀ THE฀ D E FENDANTS฀ D O M I C I L E ฀ AS฀ THE฀ GENERAL฀ G R O U N D ฀ FOR฀ JURISDICTION฀ CAME฀ IN฀ FOR฀ C R I T I C I S M ฀ IN฀ CONNECTION฀ WITH฀ THE฀"RUSSELS฀ ) ฀ #ONVENTION฀ WHICH฀PROVIDED฀NO฀UNIFORM฀DElNITION฀OF฀DOMICILE฀BUT฀LEFT฀THE฀MATTER฀TO฀ THE฀ NATIONAL฀ LAW฀OF฀ THE฀ COURT฀ SEISED฀ !LTHOUGH฀ NO฀ PROBLEMS฀ ACTUALLY฀ A R O S E ฀ WHEN฀ APPLYING฀ THE฀ CONVENTION฀ A฀ UNIFORM฀DElNITION฀OF฀ THE฀DOMICILE฀OF฀ C O M P AN I E S ฀ OR฀ OTHER฀ LEGAL฀ PER S O N S ฀ IS฀ GIVEN฀ IN฀ THE฀REGULATION ฀ 4 H U S ฀ IF฀ THE฀ DEFENDANT฀ IS฀ A฀ N A T U R AL ฀ PER S ON฀ THE฀ COURT฀OF฀ THE฀ -EMBER฀3TATE฀ SEISED฀ OF฀ THE฀ MATTER฀DETERMINES฀WHETHER฀OR฀NOT฀HE฀ IS฀DOMICILED฀ THERE฀BY฀APPLYING฀ ITS฀ D O M E S T I C ฀ LAW�฀ IF฀ THE฀ COURT฀ ESTABLISHES฀ THAT฀ H E ฀ IS฀NOT฀ D O M I C I L E D ฀ IN฀ THAT฀ 3TATE฀ THEN฀IN฀ORDER฀TO฀DETERMINE฀WHETHER฀THE฀DEFENDANT฀IS฀DOMICILED฀IN฀ANOTHER฀ -EMBER฀3TATE฀ THE฀ COURT฀ APPLIES฀ THE฀ LAW฀OF฀ THAT฀ -EMBER฀3TATE฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ )F฀ THE฀ DEFENDANT฀ IS฀ A฀ C O M P ANY฀ OR฀ OTHER฀ LEGAL฀ PER S ON฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀ LAYS฀ DOWN฀ THAT฀ FOR฀ THE฀ PURPOSES฀OF฀ THE฀REGULATION ฀ IT฀ IS฀DOMICILED฀ AT฀ THE฀ PLACE฀WHERE฀ IT฀ HAS฀ ITS฀ S T A T U TO R Y ฀ S E AT฀ OR฀ CENTRAL฀ ADMINISTRATION฀ OR฀ ITS฀ P R IN C I P AL ฀ PLACE฀ OF฀ BU S IN E S S ฀ 4HE฀ GROUNDS฀ OF฀ JURISDICTION฀ SPECIlED฀ IN฀!RTICLE฀ ฀ WHICH฀ IS฀ M O D E L L E D ฀ ON฀ !RTICLE฀ ฀OF฀THE฀ %#฀ 4 RE A T Y ฀ ARE฀ ALTERNATIVES฀ WITH฀ TWO฀ CON S E Q U E N C E S ฀ l R S T L Y ฀ THAT฀ THE฀ P L A IN T IF F ฀ HAS฀ S E V E R AL ฀ ALTERNATIVE฀ FOR U M S ฀ A V A I L ABLE฀ AS฀ REGARDS฀ THE฀ TERRITORIAL฀ APPLICATION฀ OF฀ THE฀REGULATION ฀ AND฀ S E CON D L Y ฀ THAT฀ IF฀ ANY฀ ONE฀ OF฀ THOSE฀ GROUNDS฀ IS฀ P RE S ENT฀ IN฀ A฀-EMBER฀3TATE฀ THE฀REGULATION ฀ IS฀
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