natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The above provisions imply the following: (a) compensatorypaymentswerenotmeanttocompensatefarm-ers according to individual market prices of each Member (33) The target price was abolished from the 1995/96 marketing year onwards, as it had become redundant; Council Regulation (EC) No State; otherwise, it would be difficult to defend the decoupled nature and thus comply with the WTO requirements (see paragraph 3.5(c)); (b) the payments neither sought to compensate for the impact of other factors, such as climatic conditions, increasing yields, currency movements, nor were they designed to compensate differences in income determined by farm size, soil quality and individual farming skills; (c) set-asidewastobecompensatedonlyatthelevelofthecom-pensation rate for cereals. 
4.32 Ovanstende tgrder innebr fljande: a) Kompensationsbetalningarna var inte avsedda att kompensera jordbrukarna alltefter de olika marknadspriserna i varje med-(33) Riktpriset avskaffade frn och med regleringsret 1995/96 eftersom det hade blivit verfldigt.
4.33. The compensatory aid based on an average price (target price) fixed at a level irrespective of any movement in actual market prices led to over-compensation at global level. 
4.33 Kompensationsstdet, som var baserat p ett genomsnittspris (riktpris) som faststlldes till en niv som inte alls pverkades av frndringar i de faktiska marknadspriserna, ledde generellt sett till verkompensation.
As market prices did not fall as much as the difference between pre-reform intervention prices and new target prices (see paragraph 4.16), the ( 34 1528/95 of 29 June 1995 (OJ L 148, 30.6.1995, p. 
Eftersom marknadspriserna inte sjnk lika mycket som skillnaden mellan interventionspriserna fre ( 34 29 juni 1995 (EGT L 148, 30.6.1995, s.
3). ) 
3). )
This amount is in ÔgreenŐ ecu. 
Detta belopp r i ÓgrnaÓ ecu.
To obtain budgetary ecu, this figure had first to be converted with the ÔgreenŐ exchange rate applying to agricultural products into the national currency and then, reconverted with the official market exchange rate into ecu. 
Fr att f budgetmssiga ecu mste siffran frndras med hjlp av den ÓgrnaÓ kursen, jordbruksomrk-ningskursen, till den nationella valutan och sedan rknas om med hjlp av den officiella kursen till ecu.
General cropping Cereals Horticulture Vineyards Other permanent crops Dairying Drystock Pigs/ poultry Mixed All farms C 192/22 Marketing year 1993/94 1994/95 1995/96 1996/97 1997/98 Total EN Official Journal of the European Communities Table 8 Estimation of the global impact of the reform on the cereals farmersŐ revenue for EU-12 8.7.1999 (million ECU) Increase in revenue due to market prices (g)=(f)Đ(d) 1 318,7 2 430,0 4 424,1 3 115,4 1 819,8 13 108,0 Estimated Estimated Normal Currency effect on the compensatory payments (4) (d) 224,8 420,2 870,8 814,4 795,9 3 126,1 Total revenue after the reform (e)=(b)+(c)+(d) 28 832,9 29 368,8 32 022,5 35 231,7 33 751,1 159 207,0 Global increase in revenue (f)=(e)Đ(a) 1 543,5 2 850,2 5 294,9 3 929,8 2 615,7 16 234,1 revenue without 1 revenue after the 2 compensatory 3 reform ( ) reform ( ) payment ( ) (a) 27 289,4 26 518,6 26 727,6 31 301,9 31 135,4 142 972,9 (b) 24 719,6 23 502,2 23 734,3 26 576,8 24 890,2 123 423,1 (c) 3 888,5 5 446,4 7 417,4 7 840,5 8 065,0 32 657,8 Method of calculation: (1) The estimated revenue without the reform is the quantities of cereals for each marketing year multiplied by the average 1992/93 producersŐ prices (unit values). 
C 192/22 SV Europeiska gemenskapernas officiella tidning 8.7.1999 Regleringsr 1993/94 1994/95 1995/96 1996/97 1997/98 Totalt inkomst utan 1 inkomst efter ko2mpensationsbetalning ( ) kompensations-4 Berknad Berknad Normal Valutaeffekt p Total inkomst efter reformen (e)=(b)+(c)+(d) 28 832,9 29 368,8 32 022,5 35 231,7 33 751,1 159 207,0 Total inkomstkning (f)=(e)Đ(a) 1 543,5 2 850,2 5 294,9 3 929,8 2 615,7 16 234,1 (miljoner ecu) Inkomstkning p.g.a. marknadspriserna (g)=(f)Đ(d) 1 318,7 2 430,0 4 424,1 3 115,4 1 819,8 13 108,0 reformen ( ) reformen ( ) (b) 24 719,6 23 502,2 23 734,3 26 576,8 24 890,2 123 423,1 3 betalningarna ( ) (d) Tabell 8 Uppskattning av reformens totala effekt p spannmlsodlarnas inkomster fr EU-12 (a) 27 289,4 26 518,6 26 727,6 31 301,9 31 135,4 142 972,9 (c) 3 888,5 5 446,4 7 417,4 7 840,5 8 065,0 32 657,8 3 224,8 420,2 870,8 814,4 795,9 126,1 Berkningsmetod: (1) Berknad inkomst utan reformen: spannmlskvantiteterna fr varje regleringsr multiplicerade med genomsnittliga producentpriser fr 1992/93 (vrde per enhet).
(2) The estimated revenue after the reform is the quantities of cereals for each marketing year multiplied by the average producersŐ prices of the marketing year (unit values). 
(2) Berknad inkomst efter reformen: spannmlskvantiteterna fr varje regleringsr multiplicerade med genomsnittliga producentpriser fr regleringsret (vrde per enhet).
(3) Expenditure per marketing year before currency effect and net of the special aid for silage. 
(3) Utgifter per regleringsr netto valutaeffekter och ensilagestd.
(4) Agrimonetary cost. 
(4) Agromonetra kostnader.
Source: All basic data are from Eurostat or from the Commission, DG VI. amount of area aid finally paid was higher at a global level than the true amount of income loss in the cereals sector by about ECU 13 100 million (35) (see Table 8). 
Klla: Alla grunddata kommer frn Eurostat eller kommissionen, GD VI. reformen och de nya riktpriserna (se punkt 4.16), var det arealstd som slutligen utbetalades totalt sett ca 13 100 miljoner ecu hgre n inkomstfrlustens faktiska belopp inom spannmlssektorn (35) (se tabell 8).
The Court has already highlighted this phenomenon in its Annual Report concerning the financial year 1996 (36). 
Revisionsrtten har redan ppekat detta fenomen i sin rsrapport fr budgetret 1996 (36).
This does not mean that such payments in excess of income losses were irregular since the Regulation had not foreseen a mechanism to adjust the amounts of compensation paid to reflect actual market prices rather than the previously set target price. 
4.34 Detta betyder inte att de betalningar som verskred inkomstfrlusterna var oriktiga eftersom frordningen inte freskrev ngon mekanism fr att justera de kompensationsbelopp som betalats s att dessa terspeglar faktiska marknadspriser och inte tidigare uppstllda riktpriser.
Nevertheless, the levels of compensation paid in excess of actual income losses account for the greater part of the increase in the cereal budget. 
Icke desto mindre utgr de kompen-sationsniver som betalats utver de faktiska inkomstfrlusterna strre delen av spannmlsbudgetens kning.
4.35. As all other factors influencing farm income from cereals could be eliminated (see paragraphs 4.32(b) and (c)), a calculation to determine whether area aid compensated for the losses for (35) The Commission estimates an even higher over-compensation of about ECU 17 000 million. 
4.35 Eftersom det gick att utesluta alla andra faktorer som pverkade jordbrukarnas spannmlsinkomster (se punkterna 4.32 b och c ovan), kunde berkningen fr att bestmma om arealstdet (35) Kommissionen rknar med en nnu hgre verkompensation p ca 17 000 miljoner ecu.
Indeed the Commission has estimated for the four year period 1993/1994 to 1996/1997 an over-compensation of ECU 8 500 million to which it is necessary to add the abolition of the co-reponsability levy effect representing, for the five year period 1993/94 to 1997/98, another ECU 8 500 million (see replies of the Commission). 
Kommissionen har faktiskt berknat en verkompensation p 8 500 miljoner ecu fr fyrarsperioden 1993/94 till 1996/97. Till denna mste lggas avskaffandet av den hvstngseffekt medansvaret innebr och som fr femrsperioden 1993/94 till 1997/98 innebr ytterligare 8 500 miljoner ecu (se kommissionens svar).
(36) The Court of AuditorsŐ Annual Report concerning the financial year 1996, Chapter 3, paragraph 3.31 (OJ C 348, 8.11.1997). which it was intended could be limited to the differences in market revenue resulting from price reductions: (a) the market returns on cereal production were obtained by valuing the output for each year after the reform according to EurostatŐs unit values for each country and each type of cereal; the use of unit values has the advantage of removing inconsistencies which would otherwise result when using directly raw national price statistics; (b) the actual market returns on cereals, calculated in this manner were compared with the market returns that would have been received had prices stayed at their pre-reform levels in each Member State; this method takes account solely of changes in market revenue due to price changes, and the aggregate differences thereby derived provide the basis for compensation within the meaning of the RegulationŐs objective; (c) the differences between market returns at pre-reform prices and at current prices were compared on a year-by-year and Member State-by-Member State basis with the amounts of area aid actually paid; increases in the aid arising from the 
(36) Revisionsrttens rsrapport fr budgetret 1996, kapitel 3, punkt 3.31, (EGT C 348, 8.11.1997). kompenserade de frluster det var avsett att kompensera begrnsas till att omfatta de skillnader i marknadsinkomst som var resultatet av prissnkningar. a) Marknadsinkomsterna frn spannmlsproduktion erhlls genom att vrdera varje rs produktion efter reformen enligt Eurostats enhetsvrde fr varje land och spannmlsslag.
8.7.1999 EN Official Journal of the European Communities C 192/23 cost of the agrimonetary system is shown separately, i.e. they were considered to be a component of budgetary cost which has no bearing on the question of compensation as it is treated in this report (see Table 8); (d) as the unit values used relate to calendar years, but the production figures used for the calculation relate to cereal marketing years (1 July to 30 June of the following year), unit values were adjusted on the assumption that 65 % of one yearŐs production had been sold between 1 July and 31 December and 35 % between 1 January and 30 June; this hypothesis is supported by the Commission and a number of Member States; (e) lastly,theeffectofset-asidewasnotconsideredspecifically,as it can be assumed that the effect on income of reduced production resulting from set-aside has already been partly taken into account in the market prices used for the calculation; in any case, because of the reduction in the rate, set-aside was of minor importance following the start of the reform in the 1993/1994 marketing year. 
8.7.1999 SV Europeiska gemenskapernas officiella tidning C 192/23 det agromonetra systemet visas separat. De ansgs utgra en del av den budgetmssiga kostnaden som inte har ngot att gra med frgan om kompensation ssom den behandlas i denna rapport (se tabell 8). d) Eftersom de enhetsvrden som anvndes avser kalenderr, men de produktionssiffror som anvndes fr berkningen avser regleringsr fr spannml (1 juli till 30 juni fljande r), justerades enhetsvrdena utifrn antagandet att 65 % av ett rs produktion sldes mellan 1 juli och 31 december och 35 % mellan 1 januari och 30 juni.
The amendment to Council Regulation (EEC) No 1765/92 proposed in the CommissionŐs Agenda 2000 no longer uses the term Ôcompensatory paymentŐ, but merely area-aid payments. 
4.36 Den ndring av rdets frordning (EEG) nr 1765/92 som fresls i kommissionens Agenda 2000 anvnder inte lngre termen ÓkompensationsbetalningÓ, utan endast arealstdsbetalningar.
The compensation rate of these payments has been fixed at half of the value of the reduction in the intervention price once the ÔcruiseŐ period has ended. 
Kompensationssatsen fr dessa betalningar har faststllts till hlften av interventionsprisets snkning efter den egentliga tillmp-ningsperioden.
In formal terms it will no longer be correct to use the term ÔcompensationŐ, once the new aid rate has been introduced. 
Formellt sett kommer det inte lngre att vara korrekt att anvnda termen ÓkompensationÓ d den nya stdsatsen har infrts.
Distribution of income from cereal growing 4.37. The concept of compensation was based on historical base areas, historical average yields, a single historical average intervention price and a single target price for all cereals fixed for the three-year transitional period. 
Frdelning av inkomsterna frn spannmlsodling 4.37 Kompensationsbegreppet baserades p tidigare basarealer, tidigare genomsnittliga avkastningar, ett enhetligt tidigare genomsnittligt interventionspris och ett enhetligt riktpris fr samtliga spannmlsslag som faststlldes fr den treriga vergngstiden.
It is evident that a compensation system which does not differentiate support according to farm size or yield does nothing to improve the position of smaller producers in the cereals sector. 
Det r uppenbart att ett kompensationssystem som inte differentierar stdet efter jordbrukets storlek eller avkastning inte bidrar till att frbttra de sm producenternas stllning inom spannmlssektorn.
The influence of market prices 4.38. As market prices stayed generally above the new target price, Member States received more compensation than was justified by the actual losses attributable to price reductions. 
Marknadsprisernas pverkan 4.38 Eftersom marknadspriserna generellt lg ver det nya riktpriset, fick medlemsstaterna dessutom hgre kompensation n vad som var berttigat med hnsyn till de faktiska frluster pris-reduktionerna gav upphov till.
The higher this difference was in a country, the more the farmers in this country benefited. 
Ju strre denna skillnad var i ett land, desto strre frdel var detta fr jordbrukarna i landet.
For those countries which, immediately before the reform, were recipients of only small amounts of export refunds, storage and other interventions, the introduction of the new area aid resulted in an increase in their share of total EU budgetary expenditure on cereals (see Table 9). 
Fr lnder som omedelbart fre reformen endast ftt sm belopp i exportbidrag, fr lagring och andra tgrder innebar infrandet av det nya arealstdet en hjning av deras andel av EU:s totala budgetutgifter fr spannml (se tabell 9).
4.39. At the level of the individual farmer, it is clear that the new system was advantageous to farmers who were in a position to withhold their cereals from the market until prices reached their maximum. 
4.39 P den enskilde jordbrukarens niv r det tydligt att det nya systemet gynnade de jordbrukare som hade mjlighet att hlla sin spannml borta frn marknaden till dess att priserna ndde sin hgsta niv.
This strategy may not always achieve its objective, but is encouraged when it is certain that area aid payments will be made at the beginning of the period. 
En sdan strategi r riskabel, men den uppmuntras d det r skert att arealstdsbetalningarna kommer att ga rum i brjan av perioden.
It is mainly the larger producers with sufficient financial means and private storage facilities who are in a position to benefit from such strategy. 4.40. 
Det r frmst de stora producenterna med tillrckliga ekonomiska resurser och privata lagringsmjligheter som har mjlighet att dra frdel av en sdan strategi.
Agenda 2000 suggests that the area-aid payments should be made later (January to March of the following year, instead of October to December of the harvest year) and that the monthly increments to the intervention price should be abolished. 
4.40 I Agenda 2000 fresls att arealstdsbetalningarna skall ske senare (under januari till mars pfljande r istllet fr under oktober till december under skrderet), och att de mnatliga hjningarna av interventionspriset skall avskaffas.
Both suggestions are intended to counter withholding of cereals from the market and to even out market supply. On the other hand, when the market operates at intervention price levels, the lack of monthly increments results in increased intervention buying at the beginning of the intervention period (1 November). 
Bda frslagen syftar till att motverka undanhllande av spannml frn marknaden och att utjmna marknadsutbudet.  andra sidan leder avsaknaden av mnatliga hjningar till strre interventionskp i interven-tionsperiodens brjan (den 1 november), om marknadspriserna ligger p samma niv som interventionspriserna.
According to Council Regulation (EEC) No 1765/92, the specific structural characteristics that influence yields are to be taken into account when farmers are compensated. 
Avkastningens inverkan 4.41 Enligt frordning (EEG) nr 1765/92 skall de srskilda strukturella srdrag som pverkar avkastningen tas i beaktande d jordbrukarna kompenseras.
Indeed, each Member State was allowed to use its own average yields. 
I sjlva verket fick varje medlemsstat anvnda sin egen genomsnittliga avkastning.
Regional characteristics were taken into account when Member States fixed their regionalisation plans, in which they established differentiated yields by region (37). 
Regionala srdrag beaktades d medlemsstaterna fastslog sina regionaliseringsplaner, dr de faststllde avkastningen i varje region (37).
4.42. Regulation (EEC) No 1765/92 did not require that this differentiation should lead to a redirection of funds to disadvantaged regions or States. 
4.42 Frordning (EEG) nr 1765/92 freskrev inte att denna differentiering skulle ge upphov till ngon omfrdelning av medel till frmn fr missgynnade regioner eller stater.
On the contrary, it was intended that farmers in regions or States with traditionally higher yields should not be under-compensated by comparison with their counterparts in traditionally lower-yielding areas. 
Tvrtom var det tnkt att jordbrukarna i regioner eller stater dr avkastningen traditionellt var hgre inte skulle underkompenseras jmfrt med jordbrukarna i omrden med traditionellt sett lgre avkastning.
France alone introduced a factor which decreased yield differences between regions in its regionalisation plan. 
Endast Frankrike infrde en faktor som minskade i avkastnings-variationerna mellan regionerna i sin regionaliseringsplan.
(37) The Court expressed some criticism in this regard in its Annual Report concerning the financial year 1996. 
(37) Revisionsrtten uttryckte en viss kritik i detta avseende i sin rsrapport fr budgetret 1996.
Source: CommissionŐs financial reports 1993 and 1997. 
Klla: Kommissionens finansiella rapporter 1993 och 1997.
Table 9 Evolution of the expenditure for cereals from 1993 to 1997 for EU-12 by Member State and kind of expenditure B DK D EL E F IRL I L NL P UK TOTAL (million ECU) 
Tabell 9 Spannmlsutgifternas utveckling frn 1993 till 1997 fr EU 12, per medlemsstat och utgiftsslag B DK D EL E F IRL I L NL P UK TOTALT (miljoner ecu)
In view of the administrative burden which such a system would entail, no Member State introduced it. 
P grund av den administrativa belastning som ett sdant system skulle medfra infrde ingen medlemsstat det.
This option has been withdrawn under Agenda 2000. 
Denna mjlighet har avskaffats i Agenda 2000.
The influence of farm size 4.45. In its communication COM(91)100 final of 1 February 1991 the Commission concluded that the rising budgetary expenditure, devoted in large part to a small minority of farms, provided no solution to the problem of uneven distribution of farm incomes. 
Inverkan av jordbrukets storlek 4.45 I sitt meddelande KOM(91)100 slutlig av den 1 februari 1991 konstaterade kommissionen att de stigande budgetmssiga utgifterna, som i stor utstrckning gr till en liten minoritet av jordbruken, inte utgr ngon lsning p problemet med den ojmna frdelningen av jordbruksinkomsterna.
The reform did not change this situation either. 
Reformen frndrade inte heller detta frhllande.
Indeed in 1995, almost 40 % of the compensatory payments were paid to less than 3 % of the beneficiaries. 
Faktiskt gick nstan 40 % av kompensationsbetalningarna under 1995 till mindre n 3 % av stdmottagarna.
At the other end of the scale, small farmers with less than 5 ha, who represent 57 % of beneficiaries get only 4,5 % (see Graph 5). 
I andra nden av skalan terfinns smjordbru-karna med mindre n fem hektar, vilka motsvarar 57 % av stdmottagarna, och som endast erhller 4,5 % av stdet (se diagram 5).
But these figures hide big disparities in the Community. 
Emellertid dljer dessa siffror stora variationer inom gemenskapen.
In the United Kingdom, the Member State with the biggest farms, farms with 100 ha and more represent 17 % of total farms and get 66 % of the payments. 
I Frenade kungariket, den medlemsstat som har de strsta jordbruken, utgr jordbruk med 100 hektar eller mer 17 % av det sammanlagda antalet jordbruk och erhller 66 % av betalningarna.
In Italy, 78% of farms have less that 5 ha but get only 20% of the aid. 
I Italien har 78 % av jordbruken mindre n fem hektar, men de erhller endast 20 % av stdet.
Graph 5 Estimation of the concentration of cereals compensatory payments per holding size for EU-15 in 1995 (excluding the supplementary aid for durum wheat) 60 % 50 % 40 % 30 % 20 % 10 % 0% 56,8 13,0 % of total cereal compensatory payments % of total number of holdings 14,1 22,3 38,6 4,5 4,5 8,1 10,6 7,9 5,6 5,9 5,1 2,9 less than 5 ha 5 to 10 ha 10 to 20 ha 20 to 30 ha Utilised agricultural area in hectares (ha) 30 to 50 ha 50 to 100 ha 100 ha and more Source: Eurostat, 1995 survey of the structure of agricultural holdings and DG VI, expenditure for harvest 1995. C 192/26 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 8.7.1999 4.46. 
Diagram 5 Uppskattning av koncentrationen av kompensationsbetalningar fr spannml per jordbruksenhetsstorlek fr EU-15 1995 (omfattar ej kompletterande std fr durumvete) 60 % 50 % 40 % 30 % 20 % 10 % 0% 56,8 13,0 % av totala kompensationsbetalningar fr spannml % av totalt antal jordbruksenheter 14,1 22,3 38,6 4,5 4,5 8,1 10,6 7,9 5,6 5,9 5,1 2,9 mindre n 5 ha 5Ń10 ha 10Ń20 ha 20Ń30 ha Utnyttjad jordbruksareal i hektar (ha) 30Ń50 ha 50Ń100 ha ver 100 ha Klla: Eurostat, 1995 rs underskning av jordbrukens struktur och GD VI, utgifter fr skrd 1995.
Needless to say, the larger a farm is, the greater the return from the market and area-aid will be. 
C 192/26 SV Europeiska gemenskapernas officiella tidning 8.7.1999 4.46 Sjlvfallet r det s att ju strre ett jordbruk r, desto strre inkomster frn marknaden och arealstd kommer det att erhlla.
The reform did not therefore fundamentally change the fact that large amounts of public money are spent on the largest farms (38). 
Reformen ndrade drfr inte i grunden det faktum att offentliga medel fr stora belopp gr till de strsta jordbruken (38).
It would appear that the only solution to this problem is to make area-aid payments degressive in relation to farm size. 
Det kan tyckas att enda lsningen p detta problem vore att se till att arealstdsbetalningarna avtar med kande jordbruksstorlek.
It should be noted, however, that such a system would be vulnerable to abuse, if large farms were broken down into smaller ones for the sole purpose of qualifying for higher amounts of aid. 
Dock skall noteras att ett sdant system skulle kunna ge upphov till missbruk stillvida att stora jordbruk skulle kunna delas upp i mindre bara fr att f rtt till hgre stdbelopp.
Value of agricultural land 4.47. A major determinant of wealth, and thus of standard of living, is the value of land owned by farmers. As the stream of income expected from this land is a principal determinant of the selling price, the reform, which attributes a fixed and definite income to the land, will certainly have an impact on land values. 
Jordbruksmarkens vrde 4.47 En avgrande faktor fr vlstndet, och drmed levnads-standarden, r vrdet av den mark som gs av jordbrukarna. Eftersom det frvntade inkomstfldet frn denna mark r en av de faktorer som i hg grad pverkar frsljningspriset kommer reformen, dr marken tilldelas ett faststllt och exakt inkomstbelopp, utan tvivel att pverka markens vrde.
Owing to the lack of empirical data, the Court was unable to estimate this impact. 
4.48 P grund av att empiriska data saknades kunde revisionsrtten inte uppskatta denna inverkan.