natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Measures suggested in Agenda 2000 are insufficient to combat recurring production surpluses, to react appropriately to falling prices on the world market and to safeguard farm incomes. 
De tgrder som fresls i Agenda 2000 r inte tillrckliga fr att tgrda de terkommande produktionsverskotten, fr att p lmpligt stt reagera p fallande priser p vrldsmarknaden och trygga jordbrukarnas inkomster.
Given the increasing difficulties associated with production and area-related subsidies, it may be appropriate to examine the possibility of replacing the present system by some form of direct income support (see paragraphs 5.8 to 5.11). 
P grund av de kande svrigheterna med produktionen och med arealrelaterade bidrag, kan det vara lmpligt att underska mjligheten av att erstta det nuvarande systemet med ngon form av direkt inkomststd (se punkterna 5.8Ń5.11).
C 192/4 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 8.7.1999 1. 
C 192/4 SV Europeiska gemenskapernas officiella tidning 8.7.1999 1.
INTRODUCTION 1.1. In many respects cereals are the CommunityŐs most important crop. 
INLEDNING 1.1 I mnga avseenden utgr spannml gemenskapens viktigaste grda.
They occupy around 38 million hectares, about 25 % of the CommunityŐs agricultural area. 
Den upptar ca 38 miljoner hektar eller cirka 25 % av gemenskapens jordbruksareal.
Quantity-wise they account for the highest production at about 200 million tonnes a year. 
Kvantitetsmssigt svarar den fr den strsta produktionen p omkring 200 miljoner ton per r.
They constitute the main product for intra-Community trade amounting to approximately 38 million tonnes. 
Spannml r den viktigaste handelsvaran inom gemenskapen med cirka 38 miljoner ton.
The operation of this common organisation of the market (COM) alone cost the Community budget more than ECU 14 000 million in 1997, i.e. 34 % of the EAGGF Guarantee budget. 
Enbart frvaltningen av denna gemensamma organisation av marknaden belastade gemenskapsbudgeten med mer n 14 000 miljoner ecu under 1997, dvs. 34 % av budgeten fr EUGFJ:s garantisektion.
This is by far the largest amount for a single COM, in terms of EU budgetary support. 
Detta r det verlgset strsta beloppet fr en organisation av marknaden nr det gller std frn EU:s budgetmedel.
In terms of production value excluding on farm consumption, however, in 1995 cereals ranked fourth at ECU 18 379 million after milk products (ECU 38 176 million), beef (ECU 24 583 million) and pigmeat (ECU 23 123 million) (1). 
Rknat p produktionsvrdet exklusive konsumtion p grden var spannml 1995 dock fjrde strsta vara med 18 379 miljoner ecu efter mjlkprodukter (38 176 miljoner ecu), ntktt (24 583 miljoner ecu) och grisktt (23 123 miljoner ecu) (1).
In 1992 the Community reformed parts of the common agricultural policy (CAP). 
1.2 Under 1992 reformerade gemenskapen delar av den gemensamma jordbrukspolitiken (GJP).
The main thrust of the reform was devoted to the cereals market, where the new provisions were applied from the 1993/1994 marketing year onwards. 
Reformen var frmst inriktad p spannmlsmarknaden, inom vilken de nya bestmmelserna till-lmpades frn och med regleringsret 1993/94.
It was expected that the reform would be implemented in full by the end of a three-year transitional period i.e. June 1996. 
Det frvntades att reformen skulle vara fullstndigt genomfrd i slutet av den treriga vergngstiden, dvs. i juni 1996.
Thus the 1996/1997 marketing year was the first year in which the reform was applied fully. 
Drigenom var regleringsret 1996/97 det frsta ret d reformen tillmpades fullt ut.
It is based on audit work carried out during 1997 and 1998, including analyses of economic and financial data compiled by Eurostat, presented in other Community documents and obtained during interviews with national administrations and representatives of producers, processors and consumers that were conducted in the five most important cereal-growing Member States: France, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy and Spain (2). 
Den baseras p granskningsarbete som utfrdes under 1997 och 1998 jmte analyser av ekonomiska och finansiella uppgifter som har sammanstllts av Eurostat, redovisats i andra gemenskapsdokument eller inhmtats vid de intervjuer med nationella myndigheter och representanter fr producenter, frdlare och konsumenter som genomfrdes i de fem strsta spannmlsodlande medlemsstaterna: Frankrike, Tyskland, Frenade kungariket, Italien och Spanien (2).
The report contains a brief summary of the history of the COM in cereals, followed by a reminder of the key elements of the reform. It then traces the evolution of the COMŐs budget and of the main economic variables that applied to the cereals sector after the reform, evaluates the results of the reform in relation to its objectives, and comments on whether Agenda 2000 is likely to remedy the weaknesses of the 1992 reform and drive the reform process further. 
Drefter beskriver den utveck-(1) Jordbrukslget i Europeiska unionen, rapport 1996, tabellerna 3.1.5, 2 3.5.2.2, 3.6.16 och 4.1.4.4. lingen av den gemensamma organisationens budget och de viktigaste ekonomiska faktorerna fr spannmlssektorn efter reformen, utvrderar reformens resultat jmfrt med dess ml och kommenterar huruvida det r mjligt fr Agenda 2000 att tgrda bristerna i 1992 rs reform och om den driver reformprocessen vidare.
The report does not cover the evolution of the special scheme for durum wheat, as this was dealt with in the CourtŐs Annual Report concerning the financial year 1997 (3). 
Rapporten berr inte utvecklingen av det srskilda programmet fr durumvete, eftersom detta behandlades i revisionsrttens rsrapport fr budgetret 1997 (3).
HISTORY Price support and external protection 2.1. Cereals were the first product to become the subject of a COM under the CAP, because of their fundamental importance to human and animal nutrition, and to intra-Community trade. 
HISTORIK Prisstd och externt skydd 2.1 Spannml var den frsta varan som blev freml fr en gemensam organisation av marknaden inom ramen fr den gemensamma jordbrukspolitiken p grund av dess grundlggande betydelse som mnnisko-och djurfda samt fr handeln inom gemenskapen.
After long negotiations, which began with the conference held in Stresa in 1958, the Council finally decided to establish a COM in January 1962 the main instruments of which were as follows: (a) targetprices,whichwerefixedbytheCouncilatthebeginning of each marketing year for each kind of cereal (mainly common wheat, durum wheat, barley, oats and rye); target prices were defined as the farm-gate prices a farmer should receive; the negotiations concerning this price were difficult from the very start; Germany in particular refused to accept any drastic cut in its farm prices and it was not until 1967 that common cereal prices entered into force, although their level was somewhat higher than the market prices applied in the other five Member States and far above the level of world-market prices; (b) intervention prices which were fixed at a certain percentage of the target prices marked the minimum level to which market prices could drop; when this minimum price was reached, national intervention boards were required to buy cereals at the StateŐs expense; the logic of the intervention system was that in times when cereal supply exceeded demand (normally at harvest time) supply would be reduced through State buying into intervention stores, thereby keeping market prices above intervention price levels; when the opposite occurred, normally towards the end of the marketing year, i.e. supplies 3 () OJ C 349, 17.11.1998, chapter 2. 
Efter lnga frhandlingar som inleddes med konferensen i Stresa 1958, beslutade rdet slutligen i januari 1962 att inrtta en gemensam organisation av marknaden. Dess viktigaste instrument var fljande: a) Riktpriser, som faststlldes av rdet i brjan av varje regleringsr fr varje spannmlsslag (framfr allt vanligt vete, durumvete, korn, havre och rg).
8.7.1999 EN Official Journal of the European Communities C 192/5 became short and prices rose, sales from intervention stores would keep market prices at the target-price level; moreover, in order to give producers and traders an incentive to store cereals themselves and not place them in intervention stocks immediately after harvest, intervention prices were increased by monthly increments over a certain part of the marketing year. 
8.7.1999 SV Europeiska gemenskapernas officiella tidning C 192/5 ning frn interventionslagren skulle hlla marknadspriserna p riktprisernas niv. Fr att ge producenter och handelsidkare ett incitament till att sjlva lagra spannml och inte lgga det i interventionslager direkt efter skrden, hjdes dessutom interventionspriserna mnatligen under en viss del av regleringsret.
The CommunityŐs budget bore storage cost and later depreciation of cereals on stock, but not the initial buying. 2.2. 
Gemenskapsbudgeten belastades med lagringskostnaderna och senare avskrivningskostnaden fr den lagrade spannmlen, men inte med kostnaden fr att kpa upp spannml.
By applying this price-support system the Community had implicitly responded particularly to three objectives of Article 39 of the Treaty of Rome (4): (a) the income objective, i.e. to ensure a fair standard of living for the agricultural Community via the target price; (b) the market-stabilisation objective, as prices were allowed to fluctuate only between the target and intervention prices; (c) the structural objective, for farms to produce enough to provide a sustainable income for the farmers concerned at the prices that had been fixed. 2.3. 
2.2 Genom att tillmpa detta prisstdssystem hade gemenskapen underfrsttt framfr allt uppfyllt tre ml i artikel 39 i Romfrdraget (4): a) Inkomstmlet, dvs. att tillfrskra jordbruksbefolkningen en sklig levnadsstandard genom riktpriset. b) Marknadsstabiliseringsmlet, eftersom priserna endast tillts rra sig mellan riktpriset och interventionspriset. c) Strukturmlet att jordbruk skulle producera s mycket som behvdes fr att de berrda jordbrukarna skulle kunna livnra sig p sin inkomst vid de faststllda priserna.
Target prices were set at such a high level that market prices tended to be significantly lower and were even below the 10 % margin which separated the target and intervention prices. 
2.3 Riktpriserna var satta s hgt att marknadspriserna tenderade att ligga betydligt lgre, och de lg till och med under den marginal p 10 % som skilde rikt-och interventionspriserna t.
The target prices became (4) Article 39 of the Treaty of Rome: Ô1. The objectives of the common agricultural policy shall be: (a) to increase agricultural productivity by promoting technical progress and by ensuring the rational development of agricultural production and the optimum utilisation of the factors of production, in particular labour; (b) thus to ensure a fair standard of living for the agricultural community, in particular by increasing the individual earnings of the persons engaged in agriculture; (c) to stabilise markets; (d) to assure the availability of supplies; (e) to ensure that supplies reach consumers at reasonable prices. 
Riktpriserna kom att full-(4) Artikel 39 i Romfrdraget: Ó 1.Den gemensamma jordbrukspolitiken skall ha som ml att a) hja produktiviteten inom jordbruket genom att frmja tekniska framsteg och genom att trygga en rationell utveckling av jordbruksproduktionen och ett optimalt utnyttjande av produktionsfaktorerna, srskilt arbetskraften, b) psstttillfrskrajordbruksbefolkningenenskliglevnadsstan-dard, srskilt genom en hjning av den individuella inkomsten fr dem som arbetar i jordbruket, c) stabilisera marknaderna, d) trygga frsrjningen, e) tillfrskra konsumenterna tillgng till varor till skliga priser.
In working out the common agricultural policy and the special methods for its application, account shall be taken of: (a) the particular nature of agricultural activity, which results from the social structure of agriculture and from structural and natural disparities between the various agricultural regions; (b) the need to effect the appropriate adjustments by degrees; (c) the fact that in the Member States agriculture constitutes a sector closely linked with the economy as a wholeŐ. completely meaningless as far as farm income was concerned and served as nothing more than a theoretical basis for determining intervention prices. 
Vidutformningenavdengemensammajordbrukspolitikenochde srskilda tgrder som krvs fr att tillmpa den skall hnsyn tas till a) jordbruksnringens srskilda karaktr som r en fljd av jordbrukets sociala struktur och av strukturella och naturbetingade olikheter mellan olika jordbruksregioner, b) ndvndigheten av att gradvis genomfra lmpliga anpassnings-tgrder, c) det faktum att jordbruket i medlemsstaterna utgr en sektor som r nra frbunden med ekonomin i dess helhet.Ó stndigt sakna betydelse fr jordbrukarnas inkomst, och tjnade inget annat syfte n att utgra en teoretisk grund fr faststllandet av interventionspriserna.
Furthermore, consumer interests were neglected; from the very start consumers had to bear the burden of the difference between high internal and low world prices. 
Dessutom sidosattes konsumenternas intressen. Frn frsta brjan fick konsumenterna bra kostnaden fr skillnaden mellan de hga priserna p den inre marknaden och de lga vrldsmarknadspriserna.
2.4. Such a system of guaranteed minimum prices can only function if competition from cheaper cereals on the world market is excluded from the internal market. 
2.4 Ett sdant system med garanterade minimipriser kan endast fungera om konkurrens frn billigare spannml p vrldsmarknaden hlls borta frn den inre marknaden.
To achieve this end the Community supplemented the internal price-support system with an external sluice-gate system. 
I detta syfte kompletterade gemenskapen det interna prisstdssystemet med ett system med slusspriser utt.
These levies were based on threshold prices, which were fixed in such a way that the price of imported cereals at the Community major consumption centres were slightly above target prices, and the difference between these prices formed the basis of what is termed Community preference. 
Dessa avgifter grundades p trskelpriser som faststlldes s att priset p importerad spannml i gemenskapens viktigaste konsumtions-centra lg ngot ver riktpriserna, och skillnaden mellan dessa priser utgjorde grunden fr det som benmns gemenskapspreferensen.
2.5. Export refunds worked in the opposite direction to import levies. 
2.5 Exportbidragen verkade i motsatt riktning jmfrt med importavgifterna.
Surpluses threatening the internal market were exported and the exporters could be refunded the difference between the higher internal market price and the lower sale price obtained on a third countryŐs market. 
De verskott som hotade den inre marknaden exporterades, och exportrerna kunde erhlla bidrag fr skillnaden mellan det hgre priset p den inre marknaden och det lgre frsljningspriset p marknaden i ett tredje land.
However, when internal market supplies fell short, export taxes could be used to discourage exports and/or levies on imports could be lowered, a situation which has occurred only twice in the history of the COM. 
D lagren p den inre marknaden tog slut kunde dock exportskatter utnyttjas fr att motverka export och/eller importavgifterna snkas, vilket endast har intrffat tv gnger hittills i den gemensamma organisationens historia.
The sluice-gate system was initially conceived as a self-financing system in the sense that receipts from import levies would cover export refunds over an average of several years. Evolution of the cereals market 2.6. 
Systemet med slusspriser var frn brjan utformat som ett sjlvfinansierande system p s stt att inkomsterna frn importavgifter i genomsnitt var tnkta att tcka exportbidragen under en period p flera r.
When the COM in cereals was introduced there were only six Member States and a substantial proportion of basic foodstuffs was imported to ensure an adequate supply to the EC population. 
Spannmlsmarknadens utveckling 2.6 D den gemensamma organisationen av spannmlsmarknaden infrdes fanns endast sex medlemsstater, och en stor del av baslivsmedlen importerades fr att garantera EG:s befolkning en tillrcklig tillgng.
In 1968 the Six imported over 17 million tonnes of cereals and exported 6,5 million tonnes, which meant that a net requirement of 10,5 million tonnes, i.e. 10 % of the CommunityŐs cereal demand had to be covered by imports. 
1968 importerade de sex medlemsstaterna ver 17 miljoner ton spannml och exporterade 6,5 miljoner ton, vilket betydde att ett nettobehov p 10,5 miljoner ton, dvs. 10 % av gemenskapens spannmlsbehov, mste tckas genom import.
C 192/6 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 8.7.1999 2.7. The oil crises in 1973 and 1979 led to worldwide inflation, and by the mid 1980s continuing US budgetary deficits aggravated the monetary instability caused by the two oil shocks. 
C 192/6 SV Europeiska gemenskapernas officiella tidning 8.7.1999 2.7 Oljekriserna 1973 och 1979 ledde till en vrldsomspnnande inflation, och i mitten av ttiotalet ledde fortsatta budgetunderskott i USA till att den monetra instabilitet som hade sitt upphov i de bda oljechockerna frvrrades.
Inflation led to a series of substantial increases in institutional prices (target, intervention and threshold) and the devaluation of the dollar further widened the gap between Community and world market prices for cereals. 
Inflationen ledde till ett antal betydande hjningar av de institutionella priserna (rikt-, interventions-och trskelpriserna), och dollarns depreciering kade ytterligare gapet mellan gemenskapspriserna och vrldsmarknadspriserna fr spannml.
The high support prices provided a strong incentive to farmers to increase production, whereas Community consumption grew at a slower rate. 
De hga stdpriserna utgjorde ett starkt incitament fr jordbrukarna att ka produktionen, medan gemenskapens konsumtion kade i lngsammare takt.
Artificial outlets, funded by intervention buying or high export-refund rates, gave a false picture of the real market situation for producers. 
Artificiella avsttningsmarknader som finansierades genom interventionskp eller hga exportbidrag gav en falsk bild av den faktiska marknadssituationen fr producenterna.
Thus, in 1980 the Community of nine Member States as it was then, became a net exporter of cereals (see Table 1). 
Drfr blev gemenskapen, som d bestod av nio medlemsstater, 1980 en nettoexportr av spannml (se tabell 1).
From 1981 onwards, production remained higher than internal consumption, imports fell, and subsidised exports increased continuously. 
Frn och med 1981 var produktionen fortfarande strre n konsumtionen p den inre marknaden, importen fll och den subventionerade exporten kade kontinuerligt.
The disposal of surpluses on the internal market and abroad became increasingly expensive for the Community budget. 
Avyttrandet av verskotten p den inre marknaden och utomlands blev allt kostsammare fr gemenskapsbudgeten.
Attempts to brake the upward trend in expenditure by freezing or decreasing institutional prices and taking other stabilising measures (maximum guaranteed quantities, coresponsibility levies and a set-aside scheme for taking land out of production (5)) were introduced in the second half of the 1980s. 
2.8 Frsk att bromsa utgifternas upptgende trend genom att frysa eller snka de institutionella priserna och andra stabiliserande tgrder (maximigrnser fr de kvantiteter som tcks av garantipriserna, medansvarsavgifter och ett system fr att lgga mark i trda (5) inleddes under andra hlften av ttiotalet.
All these measures failed to curb production and surpluses significantly and budgetary expenditure (mainly intervention costs and export refunds) therefore remained high. 
Alla dessa tgrder misslyckades med att minska produktionen och verskotten i vsentlig omfattning, och de budgetmssiga utgifterna (frmst interventionskostnader och exportbidrag) lg drfr kvar p en hg niv.
The agrimonetary system which was supposed to protect agricultural prices by means of green rates against increasing monetary instability, further increased prices in Member States whose national currencies were undergoing depreciation and led to only small off-sets through price cuts in Member States whose national currencies were rising in value (6). 
Det agromonetra systemet som var avsett att genom tillmpning av jordbruksomrkningskurser skydda jordbrukspriserna mot den kande instabiliteten p valutamark-naderna, ledde i stllet till att priserna steg i de medlemsstater vars nationella valutor sjnk i vrde och frde endast i liten omfattning med sig kompensation i form av prissnkningar i de medlemsstater vars nationella valutor steg (6).
The incentives to increased production, caused by relatively high internal prices, remained strong, and increasing yields aggravated the problem of structural surpluses. 2.9. 
Incitamenten till att hja produktionen frblev starka p grund av relativt hga priser p den inre marknaden, och stigande avkastning frvrrade problemet med strukturella verskott.
Price support via intervention buying-in and outside protection provided by import levies, export refunds and the agrimonetary system thus managed to insulate cereal producers and traders from the reality of the world market. 
2.9 Prisstd genom interventionskp och ett yttre skydd genom importavgifter, exportbidrag och det agromonetra systemet ledde allt som allt till att spannmlsproducenterna och handelsidkarna isolerades frn realiteterna p vrldsmarknaden.
Furthermore, increasing self-sufficiency and, ultimately, cereal surpluses on the internal (5) See the Court of AuditorsŐ Annual Report concerning the financial year 1989 (OJ C 313, 12.12.1990, pp. 75 and 89). 
Dessutom gjorde en kande sjlvfrsrjningsgrad och slutligen uppkomsten av (5) Se revisionsrttens rsrapport fr budgetret 1989, (EGT C313, 12.12.1990, s. 75 och 89).
(6) See the CourtŐs Special Report No 1/89 on the agrimonetary system (OJ C 128, 24.5.1989, paragraph 6.13). market led to lower imports and an ever-increasing proportion of export refunds remained uncovered by import levies. 
(6) Se revisionsrttens srskilda rapport nr 1/89 om det agromonetra systemet, (EGT C 128, 24.5.1989, punkt 6.13). spannmlsverskott p den inre marknaden att importen sjnk och att en allt strre del av exportbidragen inte lngre tcktes av importavgifterna.
Finally, not only did consumers have to fund the system by paying cereal prices well above world prices, but taxpayersŐ coverage of intervention and export refunds also increased. 2.10. 
Till slut mste konsumenterna finansiera systemet genom att betala spannmlspriser som var betydligt hgre n vrldsmarknadspriserna, och dessutom kade skattebetalarnas andel av finansieringen av interventionerna och exportbidragen.
At the end of the 1992/1993 marketing year, the situation culminated in 32,2 million tonnes of cereals, about 20 % of the yearŐs production, being in intervention warehouses (see Table 1). 
2.10 I slutet av regleringsret 1992/93 kulminerade situationen med att 32,2 miljoner ton spannml, cirka 20 % av rets produktion, fanns i interventionslager (se tabell 1).
This tonnage represented more than four monthsŐ internal consumption and in the same year cost the taxpayer ECU 2 724 million in storage and depreciation (see Table 2). 
Denna mngd motsvarade mer n fyra mnaders konsumtion p den inre marknaden och kostade skattebetalarna 2 724 miljoner ecu under samma r i lagringskostnader och avskrivningar (se tabell 2).
Over the same period export refunds also increased to ECU 2 789 million, while levies on all agricultural products imported amounted to no more than ECU 1 000 million. 
Under samma period kade exportbidragen ocks till 2 789 miljoner ecu, medan avgifterna fr samtliga importerade jordbruksprodukter endast uppgick till 1 000 miljoner ecu.