natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
V. The Commission does not have at its disposal an adequate information system enabling it to assess whether the basic objectives of the system are being achieved, in particular concerning the competitiveness of starch-user industries, the income levels of farmers in receipt of direct aid, or compensation for the structural disadvantage specifically experienced by potato starch mills. 
V. Kommissionen har inte ett tillrckligt vl utbyggt informationssystem fr att bedma om de grundlggande mlen fr systemet uppns, i synnerhet vad gller den strkelseanvndande industrins konkurrenskraft, inkomstnivn fr de jordbrukare som tar emot direktstd och kompenserandet av potatisstrkelseindustrins strukturella nackdel.
C 294/3 (1) In the Community regulations concerning cereal starch and potato starch, the expression Ôproduction refundsŐ is used to describe the aid paid to the industry for the utilisation of cereal starch or potato starch in the manufacture of certain goods. 
C 294/3 (1) I gemenskapsfrordningarna om strkelse avses med ÓproduktionsbidragÓ det std som ges till industrin fr anvndning av strkelse vid tillverkning av vissa varor.
C 294/4 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 19.10.2001 THE MARKET IN CEREAL AND POTATO STARCH 1. 
C 294/4 SV Europeiska gemenskapernas officiella tidning 19.10.2001 STRKELSEMARKNADEN 1.
Potato starch and cereal starch are products of first stage processing and are interchangeable for most purposes. 
Spannmls-och potatisstrkelse r frdlingsprodukter i frsta ledet och r p de flesta anvndningsomrdena utbytbara mot varandra.
Cereal starch is mainly obtained from maize and wheat, but also from barley, rye and rice; non-cereal starch is obtained from potatoes and manioc. 
Spannmlsstrkelse framstlls i huvudsak av majs och vete men ocks av korn, rg och ris. Man gr ocks strkelse av potatis och maniok.
In 1999 the EU produced around 8,1 million tonnes of starch (see Table 1). 
EU producerade 1999 omkring 8,1 miljoner ton strkelse (se tabell 1).
The United States of America, with an annual production of around 30 million tonnes, is the worldŐs largest producer of cereal starch. 
Vrldens frmsta strkelseproducent r Frenta staterna, som rligen framstller ungefr 30 miljoner ton.
Potato starch is produced almost exclusively in northern Europe, mainly in Germany, the Netherlands, France and Denmark. 
Potatisstrkelse framstlls nstan enbart i norra Europa, frmst i Tyskland, Nederlnderna, Frankrike och Danmark.
The main market outlets for these products are the food, chemicals, paper and textile industries (see Diagram 1). 
De viktigaste avnmarna r livsmedels-, kemi-, pappers-och textilindustrin (se illustration 1).
Table 1 CerealandpotatostarchŃOutputandsalesintheEU (Million tonnes) 1996 1997 1998 1999 3,6 3,7 3,7 3,7 1,8 2,2 2,2 2,4 2,0 2,0 1,8 1,9 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 7,5 8,0 7,8 8,1 4,1 4,3 4,2 4,4 3,4 3,7 3,6 3,7 Total 7,0 (1) Native cereal and potato starch in the form of derived products or incorporated into manufactured products. Output Maize starch 3,6 Wheat starch 1,6 Potato starch 1,7 Other starches (barley, rice) 0,1 Total 7,0 Sales (1) including exports Foodstuffs 3,8 Non-food use 3,2 1995 7,5 8,0 7,8 8,1 Source: European Commission (DG AGRI) estimates. 
Tabell 1 Strkelse Đ Produktion och frsljning inom EU Majsstrkelse 3,6 Vetestrkelse 1,6 Potatisstrkelse 1,7 vrig strkelse (korn, ris) 0,1 Totalt 7,0 1995 (miljoner ton) 1996 1997 1998 1999 3,6 3,7 3,7 3,7 1,8 2,2 2,2 2,4 2,0 2,0 1,8 1,9 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 7,5 8,0 7,8 8,1 Produktion Frsljning (1) inklusive export Livsmedel 3,8 4,1 4,3 4,2 4,4 Andraanvndningsomrden3,23,43,73,63,7 Totalt 7,0 7,5 8,0 7,8 8,1 (1) Strkelse, hrav hrledda produkter eller strkelse i industriprodukter. Klla: Uppskattningar gjorda av Europeiska kommissionen (GD Jordbruk).
A. Foodstuffs sector 4% 37 % B. Non-foods sector 9% 3% 20 % 34 % Diagram 1 Sales of potato and cereal starch and derived products on the EU internal market in 1998 Paper and card Esterified and etherified potato and cereal starches Organic products Pharmaceutical products Others (enzymes, plastics, glues and other chemical products, etc.) 
A. Livsmedelssektorn 4% 37 % B. Utanfr livsmedelssektorn Illustration 1 Frsljning av strkelse och hrledda produkter p EU:s inre marknad 1998 Papper och kartong Frestrad och fretrad strkelse Organiska produkter Farmaceutiska produkter vrigt (enzymer, plaster, lim och andra kemiska produkter...)
Source: Commission, DG Agri. 
Klla: Kommissionen, GD Jordbruk.
Confectionery and beverages Processed products Animal feedstuffs 59 % 34 % 
Konfekt och drycker Frdlade produkter Djurfoder 9% 3% 20 % 34 % 59 % 34 %
19.10.2001 EN Official Journal of the European Communities C 294/5 2. 
19.10.2001 SV Europeiska gemenskapernas officiella tidning C 294/5 2.
Customs duties, which represent approximately half the value of the product, protect the Community market, which is already more than self-sufficient in starch supply. 
Gemenskapsmarknaden, som redan r mer n sjlvfrsrjande i frga om strkelse, skyddas av tullar som motsvarar ungefr halva produktvrdet.
No starch is therefore imported into the Community and export refunds are available for the surplus starch exported from the Community. 
Drfr importeras ingen strkelse till gemenskapen.
In 1999, the EU exported 1,7 million tonnes of cereal and potato starch, or 21 % of its production, in its unprocessed state or in the form of derived or manufactured products. 
Fr exporten av gemenskapens strkelseverskott lmnas exportbidrag. r 1999 exporterade EU 1,7 miljoner ton strkelse, i form av strkelse, hrledda produkter eller industriprodukter, det vill sga 21 % av produktionen.
The EU has 75 production sites, 23 of which are potato starch mills. 
Det finns 75 produktionsanlggningar i EU, varav 23 r pota-tisstrkelsefabriker.
Around 10 million tonnes of cereals are processed into starch, which is to say almost 5 % of European cereal production. 
Omkring 10 miljoner ton spannml, nra 5 % av EU:s produktion, omvandlas till strkelse.
The entire starch potato output, which is generated by nearly 18 000 farmers, is processed into starch. 
Hela produktionen av strkelsepotatis, som odlas av nra 18000 jordbrukare, omvandlas till strkelse.
For these farmers, the production of starch potatoes often complements that of sugar beet and cereal crops. 
Dessa jordbrukare odlar ofta ven sockerbetor och strsd.
THE COMMUNITY AIMS TO GUARANTEE THE COMPETITIVENESS OF EUROPEAN STARCH 4. 
GEMENSKAPEN NSKAR SKERSTLLA ATT DEN STRKELSE SOM PRODUCERAS I EUROPA R KONKURRENSKRAFTIG 4.
Under Council Regulation (EEC) No 1766/92 of 30 June 1992 on the common organisation of the market (CMO) in cereals (1), a refund is granted to manufacturers for starch obtained from cereals, for potato starch or for derived products where they are used for the manufacture of certain non-food products that are not subject to import duties or are only subject to low duties. 
Enligt rdets frordning (EEG) nr 1766/92 av den 30 juni 1992 om den gemensamma organisationen av marknaden fr spannml (1) utbetalas ett bidrag till dem som anvnder spannmls-och potatisstrkelse och vissa drav hrledda produkter vid produktion av vissa varor (dock inte livsmedel) som inte omfattas av importtullar eller fr vilka importtullarna r lga.
Approximately one third of all non-food cereal and potato starch produced in the EU is processed into modified cereal or potato starch. 
Ungefr en tredjedel av den icke-livsmedelsstrkelse som produceras i EU frdlas till bearbetad strkelse.
Since modified cereal and potato starches take up a very significant share of the market, and particularly because of the lack of protection in this sector, they have, since 1986, been included on the list of products eligible for a production refund. 
P grund av den stora marknadsandelen och srskilt bristen p skydd har bearbetad strkelse nda sedan 1986 funnits med p listan ver produkter fr vilka produktionsbidrag kan ges.
These special measures provide for payment by the starch industry of a minimum price to producers of starch potatoes, the payment of direct Community aid to these same producers (around 41 % of the minimum price (2) prior to 2000) and the allocation of a premium to the potato starch mills to compensate for the structural disadvantages (3) suffered by manufacturers of potato starch in comparison with manufacturers of cereal starch. 
Sklet till detta r att denna strkelsepotatis konkurrerar direkt med den spannml som anvnds fr str-kelseframstllning. tgrderna innebr att industrin mste betala ett visst minimipris till producenterna av strkelsepotatis, att dessa producenter erhller ett direkt gemenskapsstd (som fre r 2000 uppgick till 41 % av minimipriset (2) och att potatisstrkelseproducenterna erhller ett bidrag som motiveras med att det r frenat med en strukturell nackdel att framstlla strkelse av potatis i stllet fr av spannml (3).
In addition, there is a quota system, the object of which is to keep both potato starch production and budgetary expenditure under control. 
Dessutom finns det ett kvotsystem som r avsett att reglera bde produktionen av potatisstrkelse och budgetutgifterna.
BUDGETARY EXPENDITURE 7. 
BUDGETUTGIFTER 7.
During the period from 1997 to 2000 budgetary expenditure on refunds for the production of cereal and potato starch varied between 49,6 and 169,2 million euro per year. 
Under perioden 1997Đ2000 varierade budgetutgifterna fr bidragen till produktion av spannmls-och potatisstrkelse mellan 49,6 och 169,2 miljoner euro per r.
The level of expenditure is directly influenced by fluctuations in world maize prices. 
Utgiftsnivn pverkas direkt av frndringarna fr vrldsmarknadspriset p majs.
Annual expenditure on direct aid for potato starch varies little and amounts to an average of around 200 million euro. In 2000, total expenditure on cereal and potato starch, including export refunds and per hectare aid for cereals used to produce starch, totalled 898,5 million euro, representing 5,4 % of Community expenditure on arable crops (see Table 2). 
Utgifterna fr det direkta potatisstrkelsestdet varierar dremot inte mycket och brukar ligga p ungefr 200 miljoner euro per r. r 2000 uppgick de sammanlagda utgifterna avseende strkelse, inbegripet exportbidrag och arealstd fr spannml mnad fr strkelseproduktion, till 898,5 miljoner euro, vilket utgjorde 5,4 % av gemenskapens utgifter avseende jordbruksgrdor (se tabell 2).
1 ( ) OJ L 181, 1.7.1992, p. 
1 ( ) EGT L 181, 1.7.1992, s.
Source: EAGGF-Guarantee documents, expenditure taken into account up to 15 October each year. 
Klla: Dokument frn EUGFJ-garanti. Utgifter har beaktats till den 15 oktober varje r.
THE COURTŐS AUDIT 8. 
REVISIONSRTTENS GRANSKNING 8.
The regulations in force at the time of the audit were introduced as part of the reform of the common agricultural policy (CAP) in 1992. 
De regler som gllde vid tidpunkten fr granskningen infrdes som ett led i 1992 rs reform av den gemensamma jordbrukspolitiken (GJP).
The CourtŐs previous inquiry into Ôrefunds for the production and use of cereal and potato starchŐ covered the period 1986to1988(1).Thespecialsupportsystemforpotatostarch had never been audited by the Court. 
Revisionsrttens tidigare granskning av bidragen till produktion och anvndning av strkelse omfattade perioden 1986Đ1988 (1). Det srskilda systemet fr std till potatisstrkelse har aldrig tidigare granskats av revisionsrtten.
The Court examined to what extent the system had achieved its objectives. 
Revisionsrtten har underskt i vilken mn mlen fr systemet har uppntts.
It also verified the legality and regularity of transactions on the basis of payments effected during the years 1998 to 2000 in Germany, France and the Netherlands, and verified the functioning of the control systems in these three Member States, which together receive around 70 % of the budgetary expenditure concerned. 
Drutver har revisionsrtten kontrollerat utbetalningarna under ren 1998Đ2000 i Tyskland, Frankrike och Nederlnderna med avseende p laglighet och korrekthet och underskt hur vl kontrollsystemen i dessa medlemsstater fungerar. De tre beskta medlemsstaterna r tillsammans mottagare fr omkring 70 % av de berrda budgetutgifterna.
PRODUCTION REFUNDS Management by the Commission The method for calculating refunds allows for considerableflexibility 10. 
PRODUKTIONSBIDRAGET Kommissionens frvaltning Metoden fr berkning av produktionsbidraget medger stor f lexibilitet 10.
The production refund rate is decided on a monthly basis (2) by the Commission after consulting the Management Committee for Cereals. 
Beloppet fr produktionsbidraget till strkelseanvndare faststlls en gng i mnaden (2) av kommissionen efter samrd med Frvaltningskommittn fr spannml.
The refund may be modified during the month if the prices of maize and/or wheat in the Community or on the world market change significantly. 
Bidragsbeloppet fr ndras under loppet av en mnad om priset p majs eller vete i gemenskapen eller p vrldsmarknaden ndras betydligt.
For this reason, there were 17 different refund rates in 1998, 13 in 1999 and 21 in 2000. 
Slunda tillmpades 17 olika bidragsbelopp under 1998, 13 under 1999 och 21 under 2000.
As maize is the reference cereal for the manufacture of cereal starch, the refund is calculated, among other things, on the basis of the difference between the market price for maize in the Community (2) Article 3 of Commission Regulation (EEC) No 1722/93 of 30 June 1993 (OJ L 159, 1.7.1993, p. 
Majs r referenssdesslag nr det gller strkelseproduktion, och bidragsbeloppet berknas drfr bland annat p grundval av skillnaden mellan marknadspriset p majs inom (2) Artikel 3 i kommissionens frordning (EEG) nr1722/93 av den 30 juni 1993 (EGT L 159, 1.7.1993, s.
19.10.2001 EN Official Journal of the European Communities C 294/7 and its price on the world market. 
19.10.2001 SV Europeiska gemenskapernas officiella tidning C 294/7 gemenskapen och vrldsmarknadspriset.
As it is authorised to do by the wording of Regulation (EEC) No 1722/93, the Commission applies such parameters as it considers appropriate to the calculations. 
Med std i frordning (EEG) nr 1722/93 beaktar kommissionen vid berkningen av bidragsbeloppet ven vissa andra faktorer som den anser vara lmpliga.
These parameters were the subject of a Commission working document approved by the Management Committee in November 1997 and amended in February 1999. 
Dessa faktorer diskuteras i ett arbetsdokument frn kommissionen som frvaltningskommittn godknde i november 1997 och som ndrades i februari 1999.
The Court examined a sample of files relating to the fixing of the refund amount by the Commission. 
Revisionsrtten har underskt kommissionens faststllande av bidragsbeloppet i ett urval av renden.
The value of the data used by the Commission varies in its comprehensiveness from period to period, depending on whether data are available on the price of maize, transport costs and other costs. 
Den information som kommissionen anvnde var mer eller mindre heltckande frn en period till en annan, beroende p i vilken mn det fanns uppgifter om priset p majs, transportkostnaderna och vriga kostnader.
In certain cases, the Commission adjusts the calculation methods set out in its working document. 
I vissa fall anpassar kommissionen den standardmetod fr berkning som anges i dess arbetsdokument.
This flexibility in calculating the refund has been fiercely criticised by the cereal and potato starch-user industries. The latter deplore the methodŐs lack of transparency and the fact that the refund is unpredictable and believe that their production and marketing programmes are adversely affected by this (1). 
Denna flexibilitet i berkningen av bidraget har kraftigt kritiserats av den strkelseanvndande industrin, som ogillar att berkningsmetoden saknar ppenhet och insyn och att bidragsnivn drmed r svr att fr-utsga; industrin hvdar att detta frsvrar dess produktions-och sljplanering (1).
There is a lack of information on the state of the market 12. 
Det saknas uppgifter om marknadssituationen 12.
Not much information is available on movements in the prices of cereal and potato starch because there is no world price quotation, properly speaking, for these products. 
Det finns f uppgifter om utvecklingen av priset p strkelse eftersom det saknas vrldsmarknadspris i egentlig mening.
This is due, amongst other things, to the diversity of raw materials used in the manufacture of starch, each of which has its own market, and to the fact that prices vary greatly depending on the type of starch (native or modified). 
Detta beror bland annat p att ett antal olika produkter, som har var sin marknad, kan vara rvara vid strkelseframstllning, liksom p att priset varierar i hg grad beroende p typen av strkelse (rstr-kelse och bearbetad strkelse).
Diagram 2, taken from a study published in July 1999 (2), nevertheless traces, for the paper industry (3), the changes between 1991 and 1997 in the difference between the price of starch on the American market, which is considered to be the world reference price, and the average estimated price for starch on the European market. 
Illustration 2, som kommer frn en studie i mnet som publicerades i juli 1999 (2), visar dock utvecklingen mellan 1991 och 1997 inom pappersindustrin (3) av skillnaden mellan strkelsepriset p den amerikanska marknaden, som anses vara det globala riktmrket, och ett skattat genomsnittspris p strkelse p den europeiska marknaden.
This shows that, apart from the period between April 1993 and April 1995, production refunds have systematically failed to eliminate a more or less substantial difference in price in favour of the non-European industry. 
Det framgr att det trots produktionsbidraget hela tiden, utom mellan april 1993 och april 1995, fanns en strre eller mindre prisskillnad till nackdel fr den europeiska industrin.
At its maximum, in 1996, the non-compensated difference amounted to approximately 30 % of the purchase price of starch. 
1996 var den ej kompenserade prisskillnaden som hgst och motsvarade omkring 30 % av inkpspriset p strkelse.
Diagram 2 Price of potato starch and cereal starch for the paper industry in Europe and the world and the effect of production refunds 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Note: The European Ônet of aidŐ price curve has been added on the basis of data received from the Commission. 
Illustration 2 Pris p strkelse inom pappersindustrin i Europa och vriga vrlden och frekomsten av produktionsbidrag 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Anm.: Kurvan fr Europa-priset utan bidrag har lagts till p grundval av upplysningar frn kommissionen.
Source: JointstudybytheEuropeanCommissionandtheConfederationofEuropeanPaperIndustries(CEPI),publishedin1999:ÔCompetitive-ness study of the european pulp, paper and board manufacturing industry 1998Ő, p. 
Klla: Rapport frn kommissionen och pappersindustrifrbundet (CEPI), offentliggjord 1999: Competitiveness Study of the European Europa Vrlden (USA) Europa utan bidrag Pulp, Paper and Board Manufacturing Industrie 1998, s.
Europe International (USA) Europe Ônet of aidŐ 1 ( ) Sources: Association des amidonneries de crales de lŐUnion europenne (AAC), Union des syndicats des industries des produits amylacs et de leurs drivs (USIPA), Confederation of European paper industries (CEPI), Committee of the European Starch Potato ProducersŐ Unions (CESPU), Union des fculeries europennes (UFE). 
1 () Kllor: Association des amidonneries de crales de lŐUnion europenne (AAC), Union des syndicats des industries des produits amylacs et de leurs drivs (USIPA), Confederation of European Paper Industries (CEPI), Committee of the European Starch Potato ProducersŐ Unions (CESPU), Union des fculeries europennes (UFE).
(2) ÔCompetitiveness study of the European pulp, paper and board manufacturing industry 1998Ő, joint study by the European Commission (DG Industry) and the CEPI (Confederation of European Paper Indus-3 try), Brussels, 1999. () The paper industry absorbs around 15 % of European cereal starch and potato starch output. 
(2) ÓCompetitiveness Study of the European Pulp, Paper and Board Manufacturing Industry 1998Ó, studie genomfrd gemensamt av Europeiska kommissionen (GD Industri) och CEPI (Confederation of Euro3 pean Paper Industries), Bryssel, 1999. () Pappersindustrin anvnder omkring 15 % av den europeiska strkel-seproduktionen.
Ecu/tonne January 1991 April 1991 July 1991 October 1991 January 1992 April 1992 July 1992 October 1992 January 1993 April 1993 July 1993 October 1993 January 1994 April 1994 July 1994 October 1994 January 1995 April 1995 July 1995 October 1995 January 1996 April 1996 July 1996 October 1996 January 1997 
Ecu/ton januari 1991 april 1991 juli 1991 oktober 1991 januari 1992 april 1992 juli 1992 oktober 1992 januari 1993 april 1993 juli 1993 oktober 1993 januari 1994 april 1994 juli 1994 oktober 1994 januari 1995 april 1995 juli 1995 oktober 1995 januari 1996 april 1996 juli 1996 oktober 1996 januari 1997
C 294/8 EN Official Journal of the European Communities 19.10.2001 13. In 2000, the Commission decided to have an independent body carry out an evaluation of its policy in the cereal starch sector. 
C 294/8 SV Europeiska gemenskapernas officiella tidning 19.10.2001 13. r 2000 beslutade kommissionen att lta ett oberoende organ utvrdera strkelsepolitiken.
The results of this evaluation were not available at the time of the CourtŐs audit. 
Resultaten av den utvrderingen frelg inte nr revisionsrtten gjorde sin granskning.
Management by Member States Progress in administrative controls by national authorities but incomplete on-the-spot controls 14. 
Medlemsstaternas frvaltning Framsteg i frga om de nationella myndigheternas administrativa kontroller, men brister i frga om kontroller p platsen 14.
Before refunds are paid, the Member State authority responsible must ensure that the cereal or potato starch has been used in the manufacture of approved products, in accordance with the details contained in the refund certificate. 
Innan bidraget betalas ut skall den behriga myndigheten i medlemsstaten frvissa sig om att strkelsen har anvnts fr framstllning av godknda produkter, i enlighet med de upplysningar som anges i bidragslicensen.
Checks are usually carried out by means of administrative controls, but these must, where necessary, be supported by physical checks (1). 
Detta kan normalt ske genom administrativa kontroller men dessa skall vid behov kompletteras med fysiska kontroller (1).
Refunds must be paid within five months of the date on which the controls are completed (2). 
Bidraget skall utbetalas senast inom fem mnader frn den dag d kontrollen avslutas (2).
The Court did not detect any inaccuracies in the itemised accounts of payments found in the files examined in the three Member States visited. 
I de underskta rendena frn de tre beskta medlemsstaterna fann revisionsrtten inga fel p de gjorda utbetalningarna.
Nonetheless, the CourtŐs audit did reveal the following shortcomings: (a) in France, the controls carried out are almost exclusively administrative. 
Revisionsrtten fann emellertid under sin granskning fljande brister: a) I Frankrike grs nstan uteslutande administrativa kontroller.
Although the solid content and purity level of basic cereal starch are important parameters for calculating the amount of refund, the procedure laid down in national rules for taking samples of such starch for laboratory analysis is not applied. 
Basstrkelsens torrsubstanshalt och renhetsgrad r viktiga faktorer vid berkningen av bidragsbeloppet, och i de nationella anvisningarna anges ett frfarande fr hur man skall ta bas-strkelseprover och analysera dem i laboratorium. Detta frfarande tillmpas emellertid inte.