natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
This document was prepared by the Justice and Home Affairs Task Force. corruption in specific policy areas but does not cover internal corruption in Community institutions. 
Detta dokument utarbetades av arbetsgruppen fr rttsliga och inrikes frgor. agerande fr att bekmpa korruption inom speciella politikomrden, men tcker inte intern korruption inom gemenskapens institutioner.
Also the CommissionŐs Work Programmes for the Fight against Fraud does not contain a strategy to tackle corruption (47). 
Inte heller kommissionens arbetsprogram fr kampen mot bedrgerier innehller en strategi fr att angripa korruption(47).
Allocation of responsibilities 6.3. 
Tilldelning av ansvarsomrden 6.3.
The responsibility for the fight against internal corruption is not clear. 
Var ansvaret fr kampen mot intern korruption vilar r oklart.
The note of 14 April 1997 from the Secretary-General entitled ÔAction to be taken in cases of suspected fraud, irregularities and breaches of disciplineŐ recalled the responsibility of UCLAF for Ôall matters relating to cases of suspected fraud against the Community budgetŐ. 
Generalsekreterarens meddelande av den 14 april 1997 benmnt Ótgrder som skall vidtas i fall av misstnkt bedrgeri, oegentligheter och disciplinbrottÓ pminde om UCLAF:s ansvar fr alla renden som har samband med misstnkt bedrgeri mot gemenskapens budget.
Although the Director of UCLAF stressed in May 1996 that a clear written reference to corruption would be necessary to avoid confusion about responsibilities of UCLAF, there is still no clear formal written instruction as to which service has to deal with this task. 
Fastn direktren fr UCLAF i maj 1996 betonade att ett tydligt skriftligt omnmnande av korruption behvdes fr att undvika frvirring om UCLAF:s ansvar, finns nnu ingen tydlig formell skriftlig instruktion om vilken avdelning som skall syssla med denna uppgift.
At present UCLAF has to treat around 40 cases which involve a Ôvolet interneŐ. 
Fr nrvarande har UCLAF ca 40 fall under behandling som sysslar med Óen inre aspektÓ.
This expression was chosen by UCLAF because the limits between corruption, conflict of interests, favouritism or bad management are often difficult to identify and cases potentially involve one or more of the elements described. 
UCLAF har valt uttrycket eftersom grnserna mellan korruption, intressekonflikt, favorisering eller dlig frvaltning ofta r svra att definiera och fall mycket vl kan innehlla ett eller flera av dessa inslag.
Most of these cases concern direct expenditure but there are also cases related to EAGGF Guarantee and the Structural Funds. 
De flesta av fallen handlar om direkta utgifter, men det finns ocks fall som hnfr sig till EUGFJ-garanti och strukturfonderna.
Lack of clear guidelines for administrative investigations 6.5. Although a number of such cases could be expected in an organisation of the size of the Commission, no standard procedure for handling such cases has been adopted. 
Bristen p tydliga riktlinjer fr administrativa kontroller 6.5. ven om ett antal sdana fall kan frvntas i en organisation av kommmissionens storlek, har inget standardfrfarande fr hur de skall behandlas antagits.
Despite the fact that some cases were several years old, procedures for investigating such cases were improvised on a case by case basis. 
Trots att vissa fall var tskilliga r gamla, improviserades utredningsmetoderna frn fall till fall.
No clear guidelines exist as to how the administrative investigations have to be carried out. 
Inga tydliga riktlinjer freligger fr hur de administrativa kontrollerna skall utfras.
Questions remain as to what the powers of the officials of UCLAF and the Security Office are in terms of searching of premises, sequestration of property and documents and questioning officials and what the rights and obligations of the persons suspected are. 
Det r fortfarande inte klarlagt vilka befogenheter UCLAF:s och Skerhetsbyrns tjnstemn har nr det gller att genomska lokaler, beslagta egendom och dokument och frhra misstnkta, och vilka rttigheter och skyldigheter de misstnkta personerna har.
Furthermore, and perhaps more seriously, it is not clear at which stage national prosecuting authorities have to be notified and thus when the important change from the sphere of an (47) For the 1997 Work Programme this has been explicitly criticised by the European Parliament (see PE 222.169). 22.7.98 Official Journal of the European Communities C 230/21 EN administrative enquiry to a judicial investigation takes place (48). 
Vidare och kanske viktigare r det inte klart p vilket stadium (47) Nr det gller 1997 rs arbetsprogram har detta uttryckligen kritiserats av Europaparlamentet (se PE 222.169). 22.7.98 Europeiska gemenskapernas officiella tidning C 230/21 SV nationella klagarmyndigheter mste underrttas, och allts nr det viktiga steget frn en administrativ utredning till en rttslig prvning ger rum(48).
The current situation gives rise to the serious and unacceptable risk that any investigation carried out will fail because the laws relating to investigation of such cases are not respected and any subsequent prosecution will therefore be rejected. 
Den rdande situationen ger upphov till den allvarliga och oacceptabla risken att alla utredningar som grs kommer att underknnas drfr att lagar som hnfr sig till den typen av utredning inte respekteras och att eventuella tal allts kommer att lggas ned.
The rules related to collection of evidence and its subsequent use are markedly different in the various Member States. 
Reglerna som gller fr insamling av bevis och anvndningen av dem r mycket skiftande i de olika medlemsstaterna.
This is true, in particular, for the documents that a person, later accused during criminal proceedings, has been required to produce in a preliminary administrative investigation. 
Det gller i synnerhet dokument som en person som senare talas i ett brottml har varit tvungen att producera till en frberedande administrativ utredning.
The rules on the exclusion of evidence illegally obtained and as to the point at which a suspect becomes an accused person, and therefore starts to enjoy special rights (particularly the right to have charges communicated, the right to silence, the right to assistance by a defence lawyer of the accusedŐs choice etc.) also vary from one Member State to another(49). 
Reglerna om att bevisning som erhllits p olagligt stt inte fr anvndas och likas i vilket lge en misstnkt vergr till att vara en anklagad person och drfr har speciella rttigheter (rtten att f veta vad man r anklagad fr, rtten att inget sga, rtten att bitrdas av en frsvarsadvokat av eget val osv.) skiljer sig ocks frn en medlemsstat till en annan(49).
Implementation of a Ôzero toleranceŐ policy 6.8. 
Genomfrandet av en ÓnolltoleransÓ-politik 6.8.
In all types of organisation this has proved to be one of the main sources of information when the uncovering of corrupt practices is made(50). 
I alla typer av organisationer har detta visat sig vara den viktigaste kllan till information nr korrupt handlande avsl-jats(50).
In order to foster the climate in which this type of information is forwarded and where fraudulent or corrupt practices are not tolerated the policy of the Commission must be clear and unambiguous. 
Fr att skapa ett klimat dr den typen av information framfrs och dr bedrgliga eller korrupta metoder inte tolereras, r det viktigt att kommissionens policy r klar och otvetydig.
The culture of the organisation must be Ôanti-fraudŐ and the management must be prepared to demonstrate the fact that any cases of suspected internal fraud, corruption, breach of discipline or mismanagement will be investigated in a professional manner and, if proved, that the appropriate disciplinary measures will be instigated with rigour and transparency. 
Organisationen mste genomsyras av Óanti-bedr-geriÓ-tanken och ledningen mste vara beredd att bevisa att alla fall av misstnkt internt bedrgeri, korruption, disciplinbrott eller vansktsel kommer att utredas p ett professionellt stt, och om brottet bevisas, att tillmpliga disciplinra tgrder kommer att sttas in med kraft och genomblickbarhet.
If this so called Ôzero toleranceŐ(51) policy is implemented in the Community institutions it must be done on the basis of a strict application of the rules of the staff regulation and the financial regulation. 
Om denna s.k. nolltolerans-policy(51) genomfrs i gemenskapernas institutioner mste den baseras p en strikt tillmpning av reglerna i tjnstefr-skrifterna och budgetfrordningen.
However, in this context there is (48) Also the Bsch report (PE 222.169, page 4) criticises Ôthe inadequacy of provisions for dealing withŐ... [cases of] Ôcorruption occurring in the CommissionŐs own ranksŐ. 
Men i det hr sam-(48) ven betnkandet av Bsch (PE 222.169, s. 4) kritiserar Óde otillrckliga bestmmelserna fr att ta itu med. . . [fall av] korruption inom kommissionens egna ledÓ.
(49) See ÔCorpus JurisŐ, pages 134 to 140. 
(49) Se Corpus Juris, sidorna 134Đ140.
(50) Zero tolerance, S. Burns, Accountancy August 1997. 
(50) Zero tolerance, S. Burns, Accountancy, augusti 1997.
(51) See Fraud without Frontiers, An Executive Summary of the Study for the EC on International Fraud within the European Union, Deloitte & Touche European Fraud and International Disputes Group, page 1. a lack of a definition and guidelines relating to the disciplinary and pecuniary responsibilities of those involved in the financial procedure ÔordonnateursŐ, financial controllers, accountants and imprest account holders as already criticised by the Court(52). 
(51) Se Fraud without Frontiers, en sammanfattning av underskningen av internationellt bedrgeri inom Europeiska unionen, utfrd fr EG:s rkning av Deloitte & Touche, European Fraud and International Disputes Group, s. 1. manhanget finns det en brist p klart uttalade riktlinjer nr det gller vilket disciplinrt och pekunirt ansvar som vilar dem som sysslar med ekonomiska frfaranden: utanordnare, controllers, rkenskapsfrare, frskottsfr-valtare, vilket redan tidigare kritiserats av revisionsrtten (52).
Furthermore an obligation should exist to notify the responsible prosecuting authorities of all suspicions of fraud and corruption. 
Vidare borde det finnas en frpliktelse att underrtta de ansvariga klagarmyndigheterna om alla misstankar om bedrgeri och korruption.
In this context it has to be very clear that the ÔProtocol on immunities and privilegesŐ cannot, and will not, be used to protect a member of the management or staff. 
I det hr sammanhanget mste det st alldeles klart att protokollet om immunitet och privilegier inte kan och inte kommer att anvndas fr att skydda en anstlld, chef eller tjnsteman.
Moreover it should not be the case that the Commission requires the responsible judicial authority of a Member State to justify its request to lift the immunity by sending relevant documents. 
Dessutom br det inte vara s att kommissionen krver att den ansvariga rttsliga instansen i ett medlemsland mste rttfrdiga sin begran om upphvd immunitet genom att skicka dokument som rr fallet.
It should be sufficient that on the basis of the specific national rules and procedures a motivated demand is presented. 
Det borde vara tillrckligt att en motiverad begran som baserar sig p medlemsstatens srskilda regler och frfaranden skickas in.
If the Commission is persuaded that its official fulfilled his obligations it can grant him legal protection under Article 24 of the Staff Regulation. 
Om kommissionen r vertygad om att tjnstemannen fullgjort sina skyldigheter, kan den bevilja honom lagligt skydd i enlighet med artikel 24 i tjnstefreskrifterna.
In this context it should be kept in mind that only a formal judicial investigation and eventually a trial can establish whether a person accused is or is not guilty according to the penal law(53). 
Man br hlla i minnet att bara en formell rttslig prvning och s smningom en rttegng kan faststlla om en anklagad r skyldig i lagens mening eller inte (53).
Problems identified 6.11. 
Fastslagna problem 6.11.
At present the CommissionŐs policy is anything but clear; cases are left to drag on for years with members of staff being transferred away from their post but remaining within the organisation(54). 
Fr nrvarande r kommissionens policy allt annat n tydlig. Fall tillts dra ut i flera r, medan personal frflyttas frn sina poster men fr vara kvar i organisationen(54).
In many cases examined, UCLAF was not able to produce sufficient evidence for corruption. 
I mnga underskta fall kunde UCLAF inte skaffa fram tillrcklig bevisning fr att korruption frelg.
This could be due to the fact that the initial suspicion was not justified or that UCLAF was not able to uncover malpractice. 
Det kan bero p att den ursprungliga misstanken inte var befogad, eller p att UCLAF inte kunde belgga ngon olaglighet.
In any case it is difficult for UCLAF to uncover sufficient evidence where payments were, for example, passed to third persons because no European institution has the power to search a house, analyse bank accounts etc. These actions can only be carried out with the agreement of the persons concerned or after authorisation by the competent judicial authorities. Nevertheless in all presumed corruption cases examined UCLAF was able to find clear (52) Opinion No 4/97 of the Court of Auditors on the proposal for a Council Regulation (Euratom, ECSC, EC) amending the financial regulation of 21 December 1977 applicable to the General Budget of the European Communities (OJ C 57, 23.2.1998). 
Det r hur som helst svrt fr UCLAF att f fram bevisning om utbetalningar t.ex. skett till tredje man, eftersom ingen europeisk institution har befogenhet att gra husrannsakan, g igenom bankkonton osv. Sdana tgrder kan bara genomfras med de inblandade personernas tillstnd eller sedan beh-(52) Revisionsrttens yttrande nr 4/97 om frslaget till rdets frordning (Euratom, EKSG, EG) om ndring av budgetfrordningen av den 21 december 1977 fr de Europeiska gemenskapernas allmnna budget (EGT C 57, 23.2.1998).
Hereinafter Opinion 4/97. 
Hdanefter kallat Yttrande 4/97.
(53) See the Order of the Court of Justice of 13 July 1990, Case C-2/88 Imm. 
(53) Se EG-domstolens beslut av den 13 juli 1990, ml C-2/88 Imm.
(54) Also the Bsch report (PE 222.169, page 15) criticises the absence of a zero-tolerance policy: ÔA series of recent cases have focused attention on how relatively lax financial culture within the Commission has allowed cases of corruption to occur within its ranks, and, perhaps even more worryingly, go uninvestigated for considerable length of time.Ő 
(54) Ocks betnkandet av Bsch (PE 222.169, s. 15) kritiserar frnvaron av en nolltolerans-politik: ÓEn rad fall p senaste tiden har fst uppmrksamheten p hur en relativt slpphnt ekonomisk kultur inom kommissionen har tilltit att fall av korruption intrffat inom dess egna led och Ń vilket kanske r nnu mer oroande Ń har tilltits att fortg utan utredning under avsevrd tid.Ó
C 230/22 Official Journal of the European Communities 22.7.98 EN evidence of breach of discipline (serious mismanagement, favouritism, conflict of interests etc.). 
C 230/22 Europeiska gemenskapernas officiella tidning 22.7.98 SV riga rttsliga myndigheter givit tilltelse.
However only in exceptional cases have disciplinary procedures been launched (55). 
Men bara i undantagsfall har disciplinra tgrder vidtagits(55).
Cases occurred where an administrative enquiry took place (during the investigation or after the presentation of a final report by UCLAF) which was not covered by the staff regulation or any other legal text. 
Det intrffade fall dr en administrativ utredning gde rum (under UCLAF:s granskning eller efter det att rapporten presenterats) som inte tcktes av tjnstefreskrifterna eller ngon annan lagtext.
In such cases the official charged with the ad hoc investigation (normally a director independent of the DG concerned) is likely to encounter problems (transcription of minutes of the hearings/interviews/auditions; presence of lawyers; search for/requisition of documents). 
I sdana fall stter den tjnsteman som fr uppdraget att skta Óad hocÓ-utredningen (normalt en direktr frn ett annat generaldirektorat n det berrda) frmodligen p problem (trans-kription av protokoll frn utfrgningar/intervjuer/frhr, nrvaro av advokat, efterforskning/rekvisition av dokument).
Experience so far raises questions whether UCLAF as presently structured should be responsible for dealing with cases of corruption involving staff of the Commission. 
Erfarenheten hittills gr det befogat att undra om UCLAF som det fr nrvarande r organiserat br ha ansvaret fr att utreda fall av korruption bland kommissionens anstllda.
This responsibility could be incompatible with the partnership between the operational DGs and UCLAF which is necessary to make UCLAFŐs investigations successful. 
Det ansvaret kan vara ofrenligt med det partnerskap mellan de operativa generaldirektoraten och UCLAF som r ndvndigt fr att UCLAF:s utredningar skall bli framgngsrika.
Consideration should be given to the establishment of a separate unit to which any suspicion of corruption would automatically be communicated, and which would have the authority and resources to undertake any necessary investigation. 
Man br drfr vervga att skapa en srskild enhet dit alla misstankar om korruption automatiskt skall meddelas, och som skulle ha bemyndigande och resurser att stta i gng med de ndvndiga utredningarna.
CONCLUSION 7.1. 
SLUTSATS 7.1.
As this enquiry did not include the Member States and the CommissionŐs operational DGs in great depth the findings concentrate on UCLAF. 
Eftersom den hr granskningen inte inkluderat medlemsstater och kommissionens operativa generaldirektorat i ngon stor omfattning koncentrerar sig iakttagelserna till UCLAF.
The Commission has, in particular since 1990, made a major effort in its fight against fraud relating to European funds which has resulted in a better legal and administrative framework for the fight against fraud. 
Kommissionen har, srskilt sedan 1990, gjort en stor anstrngning i sin kamp mot bedrgeri riktat mot de europeiska fonderna, som resulterat i bttre rttsliga och administrativa ramar fr bedrgeribekmpningen.
At the end of 1994 the Commission began setting up UCLAF as a central service with requisite financial, police, customs, judicial and tax expertise. 
I slutet av 1994 brjade kommissionen etablera UCLAF som en central avdelning med erforderlig expertis p omrdena ekonomi, polis, tull, juridik och skatter.
However, improvements to security measures, the internal management procedures, intelligence and information systems and the cooperation with the responsible authorities of the Member States are of vital importance. 
Frbttringar av skerhetstgrder, den interna frvaltningen, underrttelse-och informationssystem, och samarbetet med ansvariga myndigheter i medlemsstaterna r emellertid av strsta betydelse.
An overall evaluation of the results achieved by UCLAF up to now is difficult. 
En vergripande utvrdering av resultaten som UCLAF hittills uppntt r svr att gra.
However, the information (55) See also Court Opinion No 4/97, in particular paragraphs 5.20Ń5.23. on recoveries communicated by the Member States and included in the Annual Reports on Fight against Fraud is not reliable and does not differentiate between recoveries due to work of UCLAF and that of the national authorities. 
Man kan emel-(55) Se ocks revisionsrttens yttrande nr 4/97, i synnerhet punkterna 5.20Đ5.23. lertid sga att uppgifterna om inkrvda medel som inrapporteras av medlemsstaterna och inkluderas i rsapporten om kampen mot bedrgerier inte r tillfrlitliga och inte gr skillnad p de medel som tervunnits tack vare UCLAF:s arbete och dem som r de nationella myndigheternas frtjnst.
Furthermore in the area of direct expenditure no easily accessible information exists on the total amount to be recovered as a result of investigations effected by UCLAF. 
Vidare, nr det gller direkta utgifter, finns det ingen ltt tillgnglig information om det totala belopp som skall inkrvas till fljd av utredningar som gjorts av UCLAF.
Finally the instruments Ôblack listŐ and Ôfraud proofingŐ of legislation have only been introduced recently and have had a limited impact so far. 
Slutligen har instrumenten Ósvarta listanÓ och Óbedrgeriskring av lagstiftningÓ infrts nyligen, och hittills bara haft begrnsad verkan.
UCLAF needs a management system that holds information on the status of actual or former cases from the moment of receiving or obtaining the initial suspicion, to the administrative enquiry, seise of national authorities, penal investigation, prosecution, trial, decision and recovery. 
UCLAF behver ett databehandlingssystem som innehller information om status fr aktuella och avslutade fall, frn det den frsta misstanken registrerades, till den administrativa kontrollen, verfring till de nationella myndigheterna, straffrttslig prvning, tal, rtte-gng, dom och terkrvande.
Without such a system an overall evaluation of its performance is virtually impossible. 
Utan ett sdant system r en vergripande utvrdering av vad UCLAF presterat i princip omjlig.
The first steps have been taken in an ambitious programme to fight fraud simultaneously from all sides (prevention, enforcement and administrative and judicial cooperation). 
De frsta stegen har tagits i ett ambitist program fr att bekmpa bedrgeri samtidigt frn alla sidor (fre-byggande, genomfrande, och administrativt och rttsligt samarbete).
Important efforts still have to be made to put these initiatives fully into effect. 
Stora anstrngningar mste fortfarande gras fr att dessa initiativ skall f full genomslagskraft.
None of the Conventions and Protocols agreed in the context of the third pillar has yet been ratified. 
Varken konventioner eller protokoll som godknts i samband med den tredje pelaren har nnu ratificerats.
The enforcement agencies, however, operate according to a huge number of different procedures and in dispersed order in a very time-consuming way. 
De verkstllande organen mste emellertid ta hnsyn till ett mycket stort antal olika frfaranden och handlar osystematiskt p ett tidskrvande stt.
In contrast the fraudsters themselves can operate in real time using their international networks of contacts. 
Bedragarna kan dremot arbeta i realtid med hjlp av ett internationellt kontaktnt.
The procedures in place can simply not cope with the new criminal networks. 
Dagens system klarar helt enkelt inte av de ny kriminella ntverken.
Assistance from the Commission and the information exchange between UCLAF and the judicial authorities of Member States constitute the beginning of a solution. 
Assistens frn kommissionen och informationsutbytet mellan UCLAF och medlemsstaternas rttsliga instanser utgr brjan till en lsning.
However, a major obstacle still is the lack of common standards of evidence, which prevents Member States from accepting evidence gathered in other Member States. 
En stor sttesten r emellertid fortfarande bristen p gemensam bevisningsstandard som gr att medlemsstater inte kan godknna bevisning som insamlats av andra medlemsstater.
Therefore a ÔEuropean Law Enforcement AreaŐ(56) with clear, limited objectives reflecting the specific responsibilities of the institutions regarding the protection of the CommunityŐs financial interests is necessary. 
Drfr r det ndvndigt med ett europeiskt rttssamarbete(56) med klara avgrnsade ml som speglar institutionernas srskilda ansvar vad betrffar skyddet av gemenskapens ekonomiska intressen.
(56) Speech of Mr. Klaus Hnsch, President of the European Parliament, addressed to the interparliamentary conference on fraud, organised on the initiative of its Committee on budgetary control, on 23 and 24 April 1996. 
(56) Klaus Hnsch, Europaparlamentets ordfrande, i ett tal till den interparlamentariska bedrgerikonferensen, organiserad p initiativ av dess budgetkontrollutskott den 23 och 24 april 1996.