natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
For future framework programmes, a simplified set-up could be envisaged, with the Commission concluding contracts with the coordinators of indirect RTD actions only. 
Fr framtida ramprogram skulle man kunna tnka sig ett frenklat upplgg dr kommissionen endast sluter kontrakt med dem som samordnar indirekta FoTU-tgrder.
The contract signed with the Commission would then oblige the coordinator to carry out the indirect RTD action with the research partners stated in the proposal (or entities with an equivalent scientific or technical profile). 
Enligt kontraktet som ingtts med kommissionen skulle samordnaren drefter vara skyldig att genomfra den indirekta FoTU-tgrden med de forskningsparter som uppgivits i frslaget (eller enheter med likvrdig vetenskaplig eller teknisk profil).
This would considerably strengthen the coordinatorŐs role and responsibility also in the scientific management of indirect RTD actions. 
Detta skulle i hg grad strka samordnarens roll och ansvar ocks i den vetenskapliga frvaltningen av indirekta FoTU-tgrder.
Accompanying Measures can be both indirect RTD actions and public procurement 18. 
Kompletterande tgrder kan vara bde indirekta FoTU-tgrder och offentlig upphandling 18.
During the period 1999 to 2003, Accompanying Measures (type 5) accounted for a European Union financial contribution of 1 080 million euro (9 % of the total) (3). 
Under perioden 1999Đ2003 mottog kompletterande tgrder (typ 5) ekonomiska bidrag frn Europeiska unionen p 1 080 miljoner euro (9 % av totalbeloppet) (3).
Compared to other types of indirect RTD actions, accompanying measures follow different procedures for submission, evaluation and selection. 
Fr kompletterande tgrder gller andra frfaranden fr inlmning, utvrdering och urval jmfrt med fr andra typer av indirekta FoTU-tgrder.
Proposals for accompanying measures are the subject of calls for proposals or calls for tender, but in certain cases they may also be submitted spontaneously in the form of applications for subsidies, mostly not evaluated by external experts. 
Frslag till kompletterande tgrder r freml fr en anskningsomgng eller en anbudsinfordran, men i vissa fall kan de ven lmnas in spontant i form av anskningar om bidrag, som oftast inte utvrderas av externa experter.
Accompanying Measures provide for a reimbursement of 100 % of eligible additional costs plus a flat rate reimbursement of indirect costs of up to 80 % of direct personnel costs (4). 
Inom kompletterande tgrder kan stdberttigande tillggskostnader ersttas till 100 %, och dessutom finns det en schablonersttning fr ersttning av indirekta kostnader upp till 80 % av direkta personalkostnader (4).
They are often used for measures that are on the borderline between indirect RTD actions and public procurement by the Commission. 
De anvnds ofta fr tgrder som ligger p grnsen mellan indirekta FoTU-tgrder och kommissionens offentliga upphandling.
This may carry the risk that normal public procurement procedures are circumvented by the use of indirect RTD actions. 
Detta kan innebra en risk fr att de normala frfarandena fr offentlig upphandling kringgs genom att man anvnder indirekta FoTU-tgrder.
This, in turn, could also make it difficult to verify the CommissionŐs compliance with the ceiling imposed on the administrative expenditure for each programme (see paragraph 78). 
Detta kan i sin tur gra det svrt att kontrollera att kommissionen respekterar det tak fr administrativa utgifter som faststllts fr varje program (se punkt 78).
The legal basis specifies that the Community financial participation consists of the reimbursement, in part or in whole, of the costs incurred for the indirect RTD action (see paragraph 22). 
I den rttsliga grunden anges att gemenskapens ekonomiska deltagande utgrs av en ersttning av en del av eller samtliga utgifter fr den indirekta FoTU-tgrden (se punkt 22).
However, all mechanisms which provide for a reimbursement of 100 % of eligible additional costs plus a flat rate reimbursement of indirect costs allow the possibility of profit being made on overheads if the flat rate exceeds actual costs. 
Emellertid innebr alla mekanismer som omfattar en ersttning till 100 % av stdberttigande tillggskostnader plus en schablonersttning fr indirekta kostnader att det r mjligt att gra en vinst p omkostnader om schablonersttningen verstiger de faktiska kostnaderna.
Apart from accompanying measures (type 5) such provisions can be found for support to networks (type 3) or concerted actions (type 4). 
Sdana bestmmelser finns frutom fr kompletterande tgrder (typ 5) ven fr std till ntverk (typ 3) och till samordnad verksamhet (typ 4).
The predominant use of these contract types by a participant may lead to situations where participants become financially dependent on the Commission. 
Om deltagare till vervgande del anvnder denna typ av kontrakt kan det leda till situationer dr deltagare blir ekonomiskt beroende av kommissionen.
(3) Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and the Council, Annex IV, point 1(e): ÔAccompanying measures will contribute to the implementation of the specific programmes or the preparation of future activities, with a view to enabling them to achieve their strategic objectives. They will also seek to prepare for or to support other indirect RTD actions. Measures devoted to the commercialisation of products, processes or services, marketing activities and sales promotion are excluded [...]Ő. 
(3) Europaparlamentets och rdets beslut 182/1999/EG, bilaga IV, punkt 1e: ÓKompletterande tgrder skall bidra till att de srskilda programmen genomfrs eller bidra till frberedelserna infr framtida verksamhet, s att de strategiska mlen kan uppns. tgrderna syftar dessutom till att frbereda eller stdja vriga indirekta FTD-aktiviteter. tgrder som syftar till salufring av produkter, metoder eller tjnster, marknadsfringstgrder och frsljningsreklam r undantagna (...)Ó.
(4) With the exception of type-5 ÔGrant agreementsŐ which specifies a rate of indirect costs of only 7 % of eligible direct costs. 
(4) Med undantag fr tgrder av typ 5 Đ Ó verenskommelser om bidragÓ dr det anges att andelen indirekta kostnader skall vara endast 7 % av stdberttigande direkta kostnader.
23.4.2004 EN Official Journal of the European Union C 99/9 Subsidies granted to associations in which the Commission participates 20. 
23.4.2004 SV Europeiska unionens officiella tidning C 99/9 Bidrag har beviljats till sammanslutningar som kommissionen sjlv deltar i 20.
Accompanying Measures were also employed to award grants to associations in which the Commission actively participates. 
Kompletterande tgrder utnyttjades ven fr att bevilja bidrag till sammanslutningar som kommissionen deltar aktivt i.
One example is the International Association for the Promotion of Cooperation with Scientists from the newly independent States of the former Soviet Union (INTAS), which was set up in June 1993 as an independent international association under Belgian law (1). Although it was requested by the Council to do so, the Commission did not, in fact, have the authority to set up an external entity and to participate as a member in its operation. 
Sovjetunionen (INTAS) som grundades i juni 1993 i form av en oberoende internationell sammanslutning enligt belgisk lagstiftning (1). ven om detta skedde p rdets begran, hade kommissionen i realiteten inte befogenhet att inrtta en extern enhet eller delta som medlem i dess verksamhet.
The CommissionŐs delegation of responsibilities to INTAS also went beyond the limits set out in the Treaties. 
Kommissionens delegering av ansvar till INTAS gick ocks utver de begrnsningar som anges i frdragen.
Furthermore the Commission did not comply with key aspects of its administrative procedures for Accompanying Measures when awarding the grant to INTAS and authorising payments (2). 
Vidare fljde inte kommissionen vsentliga delar av sina administrativa frfaranden fr kompletterande tgrder nr den beviljade bidraget till INTAS och godknde betalningar (2).
Rules for the CommunityŐs financial participation International agreements on State aid limit public aid in the research domain 21. 
Regler fr gemenskapens finansiella deltagande Internationella verenskommelser om statligt std begrnsar det offentliga stdet till forskningsomrdet 21.
The Community framework for State aid for research and development establishes that, as a general rule, the gross aid intensity for industrial research must not exceed 50 % of the eligible costs of the project(3). 
I gemenskapens ramar fr statligt std till forskning och utveckling faststlls att stdintensiteten brutto till industriell forskning som en allmn regel inte fr verstiga 50 % av projektets stdberttigande kostnader (3).
Annex IV to Decision No 182/1999/EC of the European Parliament and the Council (1) The Commission, representing the European Community, is a member of INTAS, chairs its Assembly and provides the Secretariat of the Association. 
I bilaga IV till Europaparlamentets (1) Kommissionen r medlem i INTAS som representant fr Europeiska gemenskapen, r ordfrande fr dess frsamling och str fr sammanslutningens sekretariat.
During FP5 the Community has contributed 70 million euro to INTAS, representing approximately 95 % of the total financial contributions received by INTAS for the period 1998 to 2002. 
Under femte ramprogrammet har gemenskapen bidragit med 70 miljoner euro till INTAS vilket motsvarar cirka 95 % av de totala finansiella bidrag INTAS erhllit fr perioden 1998 till 2002.
Financial contributions for the years 2001 and 2002 were authorised by means of Commission Decisions. 
De finansiella bidragen fr 2001 och 2002 beviljades genom kommissionsbeslut.
(2) The Commission did not carry out a formal evaluation of the application for subsidy submitted by INTAS; overall monitoring and evaluation on INTAS activities were carried out by its Assembly and not by the CommissionŐs services; payments to INTAS were authorised without operational verification (e.g. scientific approval); the grant agreements with INTAS did not contain the mandatory standard elements stated in the Vade-mecum on grant management; and the information on the grant awarded to INTAS was not subject to ex post publicity. 
(2) Kommissionen genomfrde inte ngon formell utvrdering av den bidragsanskan som INTAS lmnade in; den vergripande vervakningen och utvrderingen av INTAS verksamheter utfrdes av dess frsamling och inte av kommissionens enheter; betalningar till INTAS godkndes utan att det gjorts ngon operativ kontroll (till exempel vetenskapligt godknnande); verenskommelser om bidrag som ingicks med INTAS innehll inte de obligatoriska standardavsnitt som anges i handboken om frvaltning av bidrag; och information om bidraget som beviljats till INTAS offentliggjordes inte i efterhand.
4.1986) revised in 1996 (OJ C 45, 17.2.1996) and amended in 1998 (OJ C 48, 13.12.1998), and whose applicability has been extended to 30 June 2002 and 31 December 2005, by Commission Communications 2001/C 78/15 and 2002/C 111/03, respectively; Article 8 of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures with the World Trade Organisation (WTO) limits the funding for research activities conducted by private entities or by higher education or research establishments on a contract basis with private entities to no more than 75 % of the costs of industrial research or 50 % of the costs of pre-competitive development activity (OJ L 336, 23.12.1994). stipulates that in general the Community will reimburse up to 50 % of the eligible cost for shared cost actions (type 1) (4). 
(3) Gemenskapsramar fr statligt std till forskning och utveckling (EGT C 83, 11.4.1986) som reviderades 1996 (EGT C 45, 17.2.1996) och ndrades 1998 (EGT C 48, 13.12.1998) och vars giltighet har frlngts till den 30 juni 2002 respektive den 31 december 2005 genom kommissionens meddelanden 2001/C 78/15 och 2002/C 111/03.
Council Decision 1999/65/EC and Commission Regulation (EC) No 996/1999 define the rules applicable to the financial participation of the Community and the definition of eligible costs in FP5. 
I rdets beslut 1999/65/EG och kommissionens frordning (EG) nr 996/1999 anges reglerna fr gemenskapens finansiella deltagande liksom definitionerna fr stdberttigande kostnader inom femte ramprogrammet.
The costs actually incurred must be substantiated by the final beneficiary. 
De faktiska utgifterna skall styrkas av slutmottagaren.
Three systems for substantiation of costs incurred 23. 
Tre system fr styrkande av uppkomna kostnader 23.
Additional complexity arises from the fact that FP5 provides for other types of additional cost systems, the detailed specification of which depends on the action types and model contracts used (6). 
Komplexiteten kar eftersom det i femte ramprogrammet ges mjlighet till andra typer av system fr tillggskostnader, vars detaljerade specifikationer r beroende av vilken tgrdstyp och vilket standardkontrakt som anvnds (6).
For support to networks (type 3) and concerted actions (type 4), all participants have to use additional cost systems, irrespective of their accounting methods. 
Fr std till ntverk (typ 3) och samordnade tgrder (typ 4), skall alla deltagare anvnda system fr tillggskostnader, oavsett vilken redovisningsmetod de anvnder.
For the contract for type-1 ÔSupport to trans-national access to major research (4) For type-1 ÔRTD projectsŐ and ÔDemonstration projectsŐ, the rate for financial participation of the Community is limited to 50 % and 35 % of the total eligible cost respectively. 
Fr kontrakt fr tgrder av typ 1 Đ ÓStd fr tillgng ver grnserna till viktiga infrastrukturerÓ, ges tv olika (4) Fr tgrder av typ 1 Đ ÓFoTU-projektÓ och ÓDemonstrationsprojektÓ r gemenskapens ekonomiska deltagande begrnsat till 50 % respektive 35 % av de totala stdberttigande kostnaderna.
For type-1 ÔCombined RTD and demonstration projectsŐ, the EU contribution for the different work packages is either 35 % or 50 %, according to the character of the work. 
Fr tgrder av typ 1 Đ ÓKombinerade FoTU-och demonstrationsprojektÓ r EU-bidraget till de olika delarna antingen 35 % eller 50 % beroende p vilket arbete som skall utfras.
For type-1 ÔSupport to trans-national access to major research infrastructuresŐ the rate for financial participation of the Community is limited to 100 % of eligible additional costs, whereas the maximum rates of participation are 50 % of the total eligible cost for type-1 ÔCooperative researchŐ contracts and 75 % of the total eligible cost for type-1 ÔExploratory awardsŐ (see Decision No 182/1999/EC, Annex IV, point 3). 
Fr kontrakt fr tgrder av typ 1 Đ ÓStd fr tillgng ver grnserna till viktiga infrastrukturer fr forsk-ningÓ r andelen fr gemenskapens ekonomiska deltagande begrnsad till 100 % av stdberttigande tillggskostnader, medan den hgsta andelen r 50 % av de totala stdberttigande kostnaderna fr kontrakt fr tgrder av typ 1 Đ ÓForskningssamarbeteÓ och 75 % av de totala stdberttigande kostnaderna fr kontrakt fr tgrder av typ 1 Đ ÓForskningspremierÓ (se beslut nr 182/1999/EG, bilaga IV, punkt 3).
(5) Council Decision 1999/65/EC, Article 11; Commission Regulation (EC) No 996/1999, Article 11 and Article 14. 
(5) Rdets beslut 1999/65/EG, artikel 11, kommissionens frordning (EG) nr 996/1999, artiklarna 11 och 14.
(6) Commission Regulation (EC) No 996/1999, Article 11(2): ÔPartici-pants in indirect RTD actions shall charge additional eligible cost to the Commission when Annex IV [...] expressly provides for that principle, [...]Ő. 
(6) Kommissionens frordning (EG) nr 996/1999, artikel 11.2: ÓEn deltagare i en indirekt FoTU-tgrd skall debitera kommissionen stdberttigande extrautgifter d denna princip uttryckligen freskrivs i bilaga IVÓ.
C 99/10 EN Official Journal of the European Union 23.4.2004 infrastructuresŐ two different regimes, namely additional costs and user fees, are proposed. 
C 99/10 SV Europeiska unionens officiella tidning 23.4.2004 redovisningsmjligheter, nmligen tillggskostnader och anvn-darutgifter.
In all these cases, the definition of eligible costs is not the same as the definition used for the Additional Cost (AC) system for type-1 ÔRTD projectsŐ. 
I samtliga dessa fall skiljer sig definitionen av stdberttigande kostnader frn den som ges fr systemet fr tillggskostnader som anvnds fr FoTU-projekt av typ 1.
Additional cost systems do not permit verification of beneficiariesŐ share of co-financing 25. 
Med systemet fr tillggskostnader r det inte mjligt att kontrollera mottagarens andel av medfinansieringen 25.
For all additional cost systems, including the Additional Cost (AC) system for type-1 ÔRTD projectsŐ, only costs additional to the recurring costs have to be substantiated and justified to the Commission. 
Fr alla system fr tillggskostnader, inklusive systemet fr tillggskostnader fr tgrder av typ 1 Đ ÓFoTU-projektÓ, skall endast utgifter som tillkommit utver terkommande kostnader styrkas och motiveras infr kommissionen.
In the case of contractors applying this cost reimbursement system (mostly universities and public research institutes) a verification of the reality and the extent of their co-financing of indirect RTD actions is therefore, by definition, not possible (1). 
Fr avtalsparter som tillmpar detta system fr kostnadsersttning (oftast universitet och offentliga forskningsinstitut) blir det drfr per definition omjligt att verifiera att de faktiskt betalat sitt bidrag till medfinansieringen av indirekta FoTU-tgrder, liksom detta bidrags storlek (1).
Council Decision 1999/65/EC specifies that the cost reimbursement system used should be in line with the accounting capabilities of the contractor. 
I rdets beslut 1999/65/EG anges att det system fr kostnadsersttning som anvnds br motsvara avtalspartens redovis-ningskapacitet.
In particular only if, in the CommissionŐs view, the accounting system does not enable the full costs of an indirect RTD action to be established with sufficient precision or does not permit the share of direct and indirect costs related to the project to be distinguished can the Additional Cost (AC) system be used (2). 
Framfr allt endast om det, enligt kommissionens uppfattning, genom redovisningssystemet inte r mjligt att med tillrcklig exakthet faststlla samtliga kostnader fr en indirekt FoTU-tgrd, eller om det inte gr att dela upp andelen direkta och indirekta kostnader fr projektet, kan systemet fr tillggskostnader anvndas (2).
The Commission however does not systematically verify the capacity of each participantŐs accounting system, despite relevant information being collected in the negotiation phase in some cases (3) (see paragraph 92). 
Kommissionen kontrollerar emellertid inte systematiskt kapaciteten hos varje deltagares redovisningssystem, trots att de upplysningar som behvs i ngra fall inhmtas under frhandlingsskedet (3) (se punkt 92).
Detailed conditions for eligibility of costs complicate administration of indirect RTD actions 27. 
Detaljerade villkor fr kostnaders stdberttigande komplicerar frvaltningen av indirekta FoTU-tgrder 27.
Based on Articles 12 to 14 of Commission Regulation (EC) No 996/1999, contracts for FP5 indirect RTD actions specify both eligible and ineligible costs. 
P grundval av artiklarna 12Đ14 i kommissionens frordning (EG) nr 996/1999 anges i kontrakten fr indirekta FoTU-tgrder bde vilka kostnader som r stdberttigande och vilka som inte r det.
There are eight different cost categories for direct costs (4), one cost category for indirect costs (overheads) and a specific category for Ôcoordination costŐ for the declaration of eligible costs incurred. 
Det finns tta olika kostnadskategorier fr direkta kostnader (4), en kostnadskategori fr indirekta kostnader (allmnna utgifter) och en srskild kategori fr Ósamordningskostna-derÓ fr redovisning av stdberttigande kostnader som uppkom mit.
The cost category ÔcoordinationŐ which is reserved for financial and administrative coordinators includes all cost categories mentioned above, other than subcontracting (5). 
Kostnadskatego-rin ÓsamordningÓ, som r reserverad fr ekonomiska och administrativa samordnare, innefattar samtliga kostnadskategorier som redovisats ovan, frutom underentreprenad (5).
Overall, the large number of different cost categories did not increase the transparency of financial reporting to the Commission. 
Generellt sett innebar inte det stora antalet olika kostnadskategorier att insynen i den ekonomiska rapporteringen till kommissionen kade.
It did, however, complicate the administration of FP5 indirect RTD actions. 
Dremot komplicerade det frvaltningen av indirekta FoTU-tgrder inom femte ramprogrammet.
Contracts for indirect RTD actions define in the table ÔIndicative breakdown of eligible costsŐ ceilings on cost categories for each contractor. 
I kontrakten fr indirekta FoTU-tgrder anges i tabellen med en preliminr frdelning av stdberttigande kostnader de tak fr kostnadskategorierna som skall glla fr varje avtalspart.
No costs can be reimbursed in excess of the overall amount allocated to the beneficiaries and the transfer of budget between contractors and cost categories needs to be approved by the Commission if above certain thresholds. 
Det kan inte utg ersttning fr kostnader som verstiger det sammanlagda belopp som anslagits till mottagare, och en verfring av budgetmedel mellan avtalsparter och kostnadskategorier mste godknnas av kommissionen nr vissa trskelvrden verstigs.
Given the difficulties of correctly forecasting the estimated costs per category, per year and per contractor for an indirect RTD action running over several years, the strict ceilings stated in the ÔIndicative breakdown of eligible costsŐ require contract amendments for budget transfers in a significant number of cases, generating additional caseload both for contractors and the Commission services. 
Med tanke p svrigheterna att korrekt frutse de berknade kostnaderna per kategori, r och avtalspart fr en indirekt FoTU-tgrd som pgr under flera r, gr de strikta tak som anges i den preliminra frdelningen av stdberttigande kostnader det ndvndigt att i ett stort antal fall ndra kontrakten fr att gra budgetverfringar, vilket innebr merarbete bde fr avtalsparterna och kommissionens enheter.
Participants were often uncertain about the interpretation of the financial and administrative obligations defined in the contracts. 
Deltagarna var ofta oskra nr gllde tolkningen av de ekonomiska och administrativa taganden som faststllts i kontrakten.
For example many contractors incorrectly thought that budgeted rates (for personnel costs or indirect costs), negotiated when defining the maximum Community financial contribution, should or could also be charged in subsequent periods. 
Till exempel antog mnga avtalsparter felaktigt att budgeterade ersttningar (fr personalkostnader eller indirekta kostnader) som frhandlats fram nr gemenskapens hgsta ekonomiska bidrag faststlldes, skulle eller kunde anvndas under efterfljande perioder.
Similarly, contractors applying average rates, e.g. for hourly personnel rates, did not understand that these rates have to be substantiated as being in line with actual costs incurred. 
P samma stt insg inte avtalsparter som tillmpade genomsnittsbelopp, fr till exempel personalkostnader per timme, att det mste styrkas att dessa belopp verensstmde med de faktiska kostnaderna.
In these circumstances more detailed guidance from the Commission would have been useful. 
Under dessa frutsttningar hade det varit lmpligt med mer detaljerad vgledning frn kommissionens sida.
Full cost flat rate (FF) system provides an incentive for all participants to change to a more advantageous funding mechanism 30. 
Systemet med fullkostnader med schablonersttningar innebr ett incitament fr alla deltagare att byta till en frdelaktigare finansieringsmekanism 30.