natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
By the same token, the Member States and the sector are urged to increase funding for aquaculture projects in the context of the European Research Area.
Ker se povpraševanje potrošnikov vedno bolj usmerja k okolju prijaznim visokokakovostnim proizvodom, ki so varni za zdravje in katerih sledljivost je pregledna, je evropsko ribogojstvo pripravljeno čim bolje zadovoljiti njihova pričakovanja.
Lastly, the enlargement to 27 countries, which results in higher production, new types of farms and new internal markets, is yet another opportunity not to be missed.
Nazadnje, širitev na 27 držav, ki omogoča povečanje proizvodnje in tudi vključitev novih vrst obratov in odprtje novih notranjih trgov, je še ena priložnost, ki jo je treba izkoristiti.
There is no lack of challenges, however, one being the increasing competition for space in coastal areas, which can hamper further development of coastal aquaculture farms and fish farming.
Drugi ukrep za izboljšanje konkurenčnosti: spodbujanje jasnih nacionalnih in regionalnih pravil, ki omogočajo pošteno konkurenco na prostorskem področju.
The choice of sites and spatial planning are fundamental to the development of aquaculture activities (see our report on page 7).
Izbira lokacije in ureditev prostora sta namreč temeljna vidika za omogočanje razvoja ribogojnih dejavnosti (glej reportažo na strani 7).
The rules must make it possible to provide the information required to establish an economic activity, to give guarantees to investors, avoid conflicts and build synergy between aquaculture activities and the environment.
Uporabljena pravila morajo omogočiti sporočanje informacij, potrebnih za vzpostavitev gospodarske dejavnosti, ter dajanje zagotovil vlagateljem, preprečevanje sporov in vzpostavitev sinergij med ribogojnimi dejavnostmi in okoljem.
This integrated approach to maritime spatial planning is promoted in the context of maritime policy (3).
Ta celostni pristop k pomorskemu prostorskemu načrtovanju se spodbuja v okviru pomorske politike (3).
Strict European regulations on environmental protection, animal health and product safety ensure the superior quality of European products.
Komisija je predvidela več možnih ukrepov: boljšo organizacijo in več sodelovanja v sektorju (organizacije proizvajalcev, medpanožni odnosi), boljše obveščanje potrošnikov in marketinška orodja, kot je označevanje.
Yet they also lead to real price pressure exerted by imports from Asia and Latin America, where production capacity has expanded sharply in the last few years.
Vendar so tudi vzrok resničnega pritiska na cene, ki ga izvaja uvoz iz Azije ali Južne Amerike, dveh svetovnih regij, katerih proizvodne zmogljivosti so se v zadnjih letih zelo povečale.
Competitiveness is also tied to the commercial context: the European aquaculture sector has to cope with rising production costs but prices are under pressure.
EU bi morala poleg tega okrepiti svoj položaj na svetovnem trgu, tako da bi prodajala svoje znanje in izkušnje ter širila visoko stopnjo tehničnosti.
High research and development costs for the improvement of breeding conditions and the development of treatments and vaccines, as well as clean technologies for health and environmental protection, can curtail the development of new activities.
Nazadnje, visoki stroški raziskav in razvoja za izboljšanje pogojev gojenja, iskanje zdravljenj in cepiv ter razvoj čistih tehnologij na zdravstveni in okoljski ravni lahko ovirajo razvoj novih dejavnosti.
The EU should also strengthen its position on the global market by selling its know-how and disseminating its high level of technical skills.
Nov strateški zagon, ki ga predlaga Komisija, naj bi odgovoril na te izzive, tako da bi se poudarile prednosti evropskega ribogojstva in podprlo prizadevanje sektorja.
(2) Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament: A strategy for the sustainable development of European aquaculture – COM(2002) 511 final.(3) Roadmap for Maritime Spatial Planning: Achieving Common Principles in the European Union – COM(2008) 791 final.
(2) Sporočilo Komisije Svetu in Parlamentu: strategija za trajnostni razvoj evropskega ribogojstva – COM(2002) 511 konč.(3) Časovni načrt za pomorsko prostorsko načrtovanje: Doseganje skupnih načel v EU – COM(2008) 791 konč.
Guaranteeing respect for the environment and product quality
Zagotavljanje varovanja okolja in kakovosti proizvodov
Aquaculture is a varied sector that includes the farming of not only saltwater and freshwater fish, but also molluscs and shellfish, produced in different types and according to different breeding methods: open or closed, extensive or intensive, on land, in lakes, in tanks – fed by rivers or even groundwater –, in coastal waters or further offshore.
Ribogojstvo je zelo raznolik sektor, ki vključuje gojenje morskih in sladkovodnih rib ter tudi gojenje mehkužcev in rakov v različnih vrstah gojišč in po različnih metodah gojenja: odprtih ali zaprtih, ekstenzivnih ali intenzivnih, na kopnem, v jezerih, v bazenih – ki se napajajo iz rek in celo s podzemno vodo –, v obalnih vodah ali priobalnem morju.
Originally a small-scale activity, certain branches of this sector now reflect all the characteristics of a high-tech industry.
Čeprav je bila to najprej obrtna dejavnost, imajo nekatere panoge v tem sektorju danes vse značilnosti vrhunske industrije.
Although the sector is still largely dominated by SMEs, certain large firms are now emerging in the main links of the supply chain (fish reproduction and fattening, feeding, processing and marketing).
Čeprav sektor še vedno večinoma sestavljajo mala in srednja podjetja, nekatera velika podjetja vključujejo glavne faze industrije (razmnoževanje in rast rib, prehrana, predelava in trženje).
Guaranteeing that aquaculture respects strict environmental protection standards in the EU is a major challenge.
Zagotoviti, da ribogojstvo upošteva stroge okoljevarstvene standarde v EU, je velik izziv.
But it is also an opportunity.
Vendar je to tudi priložnost, ki jo je treba zgrabiti: če evropsko ribogojstvo ne bo okolju prijazno, bo ogrozilo samo sebe.
If European aquaculture failed to respect the environment, it would jeopardise its own survival, because, on the one hand, the public authorities would not allow this, and, on the other, because citizens and consumers have become demanding and vigilant in this respect.
Po eni strani, ker ga organi oblasti ne bodo mogli sprejeti, po drugi strani pa, ker so državljani in potrošniki glede tega postali zahtevni in previdni.
Efforts will continue to focus on protecting water quality (both water consumed by fish farms and waste water discharged downstream), but also on possible interactions between wild animals and farmed animals (particularly escaped fish).
Še vedno se bo prizadevalo za zaščito kakovosti voda (in sicer voda, ki jih uporabljajo ribogojnice, in odpadnih voda), vendar pa tudi za možne interakcije med prostoživečimi in gojenimi živalmi (predvsem„pobeglimi“ ribami).
The Commission notes that certain aquaculture practices have a beneficial impact on the environment, in particular through their influence on the protection of coastal zones, wetlands and biodiversity.
Komisija poleg tega ugotavlja, da imajo nekatere ribogojne prakse pozitiven učinek na okolje, predvsem zaradi vpliva na varstvo obalnih območij, mokrišč in biotske raznovrstnosti.
Enhancing the sector’s image and governance
Izboljšanje podobe ribogojnega sektorja
The new European strategy for aquaculture also stresses enhancement of the sector’s image and improved governance.
Zdravje in dobro počutje živali morata biti vključena v strategijo za sodobno in uspešno ribogojstvo.
Animal health and welfare must form an integral part of the strategy for modern and thriving aquaculture, both for economic reasons (good health is essential to the optimal growth of farmed aquatic animals and high production yield), commercial reasons (a better image of the aquaculture sector) and of course public health and respect for the environment.
In sicer zaradi gospodarskih (dobro zdravje gojenih vodnih živali je bistveno za optimalno rast in dober donos proizvodnje) in trgovskih razlogov (dobra podoba ribogojnega sektorja) ter seveda zaradi javnega zdravja in varovanja okolja.
Lastly, different measures are planned in the interest of maintaining high food safety requirements.
Nova evropska strategija za ribogojstvo poudarja predvsem izboljšanje podobe tega sektorja in okrepljeno upravljanje.
In terms of image, the public authorities should promote the importance and value of aquaculture not only as a sector that produces wholesome foods, but also as an important economic and environmental player.
Nazadnje, predvidena je vrsta ukrepov za ohranitev visokih zahtev na področju varnosti živil.
The Commission also calls for simpler administrative procedures and lower administrative costs for operators.
V zvezi s to podobo morajo organi oblasti spodbujati pomen in vrednost ribogojstva ne samo kot sektorja proizvodnje zdravih živil, temveč tudi kot pomembnega gospodarskega in okoljskega akterja.
A‘blue revolution’for Europe
Komisija zagovarja tudi upravno poenostavitev in znižanje upravnih izdatkov, naloženih ribogojcem.
Modern aquaculture represents a major revolution in the production of fish and foods of aquatic origin in general.
Sodobno ribogojstvo pomeni veliko revolucijo v proizvodnji rib in vodnih živali na splošno.
The rapid expansion of aquaculture has often been referred to as a‘blue revolution’.
Hiter napredek ribogojstva se je pogosto primerjal z„modro revolucijo“.
Although it offers tremendous possibilities, it nevertheless faces sizeable challenges.
Čeprav ponuja široke možnosti, pa vseeno postavlja nezanemarljive izzive.
The strategy proposed by the Commission aims to tap the development potential of European aquaculture while guaranteeing environmental sustainability and the strictest health standards.
Namen strategije, ki jo predlaga Komisija, je sprostiti razvojne možnosti evropskega ribogojstva ter hkrati zagotavljati okoljsko trajnost in najstrožje zdravstvene standarde.
This dynamic can only bear fruit if the other stakeholders, the Member States and economic operators, take it up and act effectively at their level.
Taka dinamičnost bo obrodila sadove, samo če jo drugi udeleženci, države članice in gospodarski subjekti, sprejmejo in delujejo učinkovito na svoji ravni.
European aquaculture is not participating fully in the sector’s global expansion.
Evropsko ribogojstvo ne sodeluje v celoti pri svetovni rasti tega sektorja.
Between 1995 and 2004, EU aquaculture production rose by only 3 to 4 % until 1999 and stagnated between 2000 and 2004.
Ribogojna proizvodnja EU se je v obdobju 1995–2004 povečala samo za 3 do 4% do leta 1999 ter med letoma 2000 in 2004 stagnirala.
Oyster farming is not practiced on beaches alone.
Ostrig ne gojijo samo na obali.
Oyster farmers need a lot of space on the ground, right next to the oyster beds and the sea.
Gojitelji ostrig potrebujejo veliko prostora na kopnem v neposredni bližini gojišč in morja.
They also need tanks for storage, ripening and purification.
Potrebujejo tudi bazene za skladiščenje, zorenje in čiščenje.
Shellfish cannot be raised just anywhere.
Lupinarjev ne gojijo kjer koli.
An aquatic site has to meet precise criteria to be suitable for shellfish farming.
Ribogojnica mora izpolnjevati točno določena merila, da je lahko primerna za gojenje školjk.
This activity can only be carried out in select areas that have to provide enough space to allow it to develop its full potential.
Gojenje školjk se lahko razvije samo na izbranih mestih, kjer mora biti dovolj prostora za širjenje.
On a densely occupied European coast, this can happen with the right planning, in partnership with other sectors and with respect for the environment.
Na zelo zasedeni evropski obali se to lahko izvede v okviru prostorskega načrtovanja v posvetovanju z drugimi sektorji in ob upoštevanju varovanja okolja.
Fisheries and Aquaculture in Europe takes a look at how Normandy is encouraging the development of its young shellfish farming sector.
Poglejmo, kako Normandija spodbuja razvoj svoje mlade dejavnosti gojenja školjk.
e in E in terms of its plankton level and the number of concessions granted depends on this capacity.
Proizvodna zmogljivost vsakega območja se določi znanstveno glede na količino planktona, ki ga dobi, in prav ta zmogljivost določa število koncesij, ki se lahko razdelijo.
With operating periods of 35 years, this part of the activity remains stable, with no recent developments.
Ta del dejavnosti z obdobji izkoriščanja, ki trajajo 35 let, ostaja stabilen in se v zadnjem času ni razvijal.
However, oyster farming is not practiced on beaches alone.
V Normandiji so se z gojenjem ostrig najprej ukvarjali ribiči.
Oyster farmers need a lot of space on the ground, right next to the oyster beds and the sea.
Ti so ostrige že stoletja z mrežami lovili na peščenih obalah zalivov Sene in Mont-Saint-Michel.
As the oysters fatten, they have to be transferred and divided up into new pockets, which is done on land.
Te ostrige so nato dozorele na zaščitenih in s planktonom bogatih krajih, kot je bazen v Saint-Vaast-la Hougue.
Equipment, tractors, trailers, etc. also require storage space.
Pozneje je bilo treba za gojenje koritaste ostrige, najprej portugalske in nato japonske, poiskati kraje, zaščitene pred močnimi tokovi.
A sales area and logistics platform are also needed to organise packing and shipping.
Koritasto ostrigo so kot navadno ostrigo gojili na tleh, vendar je bila zaradi nestabilnega oprijema (koritasta ostriga je manj stabilna kot navadna) zelo občutljiva za najmanjše premikanje.
Depending on the quality of the water in which it is produced, a mussel or oyster must spend a shorter or longer period in a tank of clean and oxygenated seawater before being marketed.
Prav tako je treba skladiščiti material, traktorje, prikolice itd. Potrebni so poslovni prostori in logistična platforma za organizacijo pakiranja in odpreme.
Then, in the 1960s, emerged the technique of oyster breeding in pockets attached to tables.
Nato se je v 60-ih letih prejšnjega stoletja pojavila tehnika gojenja ostrig v žepih, pritrjenih na mize.
These new techniques enabled producers to use less sheltered sites but which nevertheless have to meet exact criteria in terms of sea currents, water purity, presence of plankton, intertidal surface and accessibility.
Te nove tehnike so gojiteljem omogočile vlagati v manj zaščitene lokacije, ki pa morajo vseeno izpolnjevati točno določena merila glede morskih tokov, čistosti vode, količine planktona, površine pribrežne plitvine in dostopnosti.
In the 1970s, shellfish farming in Normandy developed in four ‘crûs’or sites that meet these requirements: West-Cotentin (around Agon-Coutainville), East-Cotentin (around Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue), Isigny-sur-Mer (around Utah Beach) and Côte de Nacre (around Arromanches).
Tako se je v 70-ih letih gojenje školjk v Normandiji razvilo v štirih„lokalnih krajih“, ki so izpolnjevali te zahteve: Ouest-Cotentin (okolica Agon-Coutainville), Est-Cotentin (okolica Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue), Isigny-sur-Mer (okolica Utah Beach) in Côte de Nacre (okolica Arromanches).
In just a few years production rose from 1 000 tonnes of shellfish to 30 000 tonnes of oysters and 25 000 tonnes of mussels, making Normandy the youngest but the leading shellfish farming region in France.
Proizvodnja se je v nekaj letih povečala s 1 000 ton školjk na 30 000 ton ostrig in 25 000 klapavic, tako da je Normandija postala najmlajša in prva regija v gojenju školjk v Franciji.
The 1980s saw the development of cooperative shellfish sites covering several hectares and providing collective facilities (seawater supply and purification tanks) and clean surfaces for each company. The problem is that, despite stable production, these land sites need to expand.
Prostor se potrebuje tudi za bazene z morsko vodo, potrebne za začasno skladiščenje in zorenje (Normandija ima približno 30 ilovnatih bazenov, v katerih se lahko gojijo portugalske ostrige) in nujne za čiščenje.
If the region attracts so many occasional or intermittent residents, it is because its environment has remained virtually intact: little industry, no major coastal cities, non-intensive agriculture and belated development of tourism which has made it possible to prevent the coast from becoming a sprawl of concrete… ‘We are not competing with the environment’, Costard continues, ‘but we have to make do with it.
Na tej ravni so glavni konkurenti gojenja školjk stanovanjski, turistični in sekundarni sektor.
Obviously, the coast is a fragile area and we cannot set up operations without some kind of rules.
Normandija ima namreč zelo lepo obalo in zelo lepo zaledje, ki sta samo dve do tri ure vožnje iz pariške regije.
The dune belt has to be respected as well as any wetlands just off the coast, and so we have to build a partnership with environmental defence groups in order to operate under the best conditions.’
Prihajanje in odhajanje traktorjev od jutra do večera, promet dostavnih tovornjakov, zagon črpalk za polnjenje ali praznjenje bazenov, vse to moti tiste, ki pridejo iskat mir in napolnit baterije, in torej vpliva na turizem.
This type of dialogue was made mandatory by a French law adopted in 2000, which obliges municipalities to group into coherent entities to set up spatial management plans that take account of all the competing interests, known here as territorial coherence plans (SCot).
In če dežela privablja toliko občasnih ali nerednih prebivalcev, je to zato, ker je okolje ostalo skoraj nedotaknjeno: malo industrije, nobenega velikega obalnega mesta, neintenzivno kmetijstvo, pozen razvoj turizma, kar je preprečilo zajezitev in betoniranje obal…„Ne tekmujemo z okoljem,“ nadaljuje Joseph Costard, „vendar pa ga moramo upoštevati. Obala je seveda občutljivo območje in obratov ne moremo postavljati kjer koli.
Such a plan is being developed in Pays de Coutances, which encompasses the shellfish farming area of West-Cotentin.
Treba je upoštevati pas sipin, močvirja v obalnem zaledju, če obstajajo, in torej z naravovarstveniki skleniti partnerstvo, da bi obrate postavili v čim boljših razmerah.“ la g eu l
‘We have to develop without doing damage’, explains Yves Lamy, the mayor of Coutances, who is also Chairman of the SCot Commission.
Tak dogovor je zdaj obvezen zaradi francoskega zakona iz leta 2000, po katerem se morajo občine združiti v usklajene skupine, da bi pripravile prostorske načrte ob upoštevanju vseh obstoječih interesov: to imenujejo tu shema ozemeljske usklajenosti (SCoT).
‘That means that we have to build amenities but especially that dialogue is needed among the regional players so that such amenities are identified and do not mushroom.
Tak načrt se zdaj pripravlja v deželi Coutances, ki pokriva območje gojenja školjk Ouest-Cotentin.
A French law adopted in 2000 obliges municipalities to group into coherent entities and, in cooperation with all local stakeholders, set up spatial management plans, known here as territorial coherence plans.
Na podlagi francoskega zakona iz leta 2000 se morajo občine združiti v usklajene skupine, da bi pripravile prostorske načrte v dogovoru z vsemi lokalnimi akterji: to imenujejo shema ozemeljske usklajenosti.
‘Although water quality has improved over the years through efforts in the realm of wastewater collection and treatment, its improvement is not keeping up with the changing regulations we have to respect’, explains Joseph Costard, an oyster farmer and president of the Normandy-North Sea regional section of the National Oyster Farming Committee.
„Razvijati se je treba brez škode za okolje,“ pojasnjuje Yves Lamy, župan mesta Coutances, ki je tudi predsednik SCoT.„To pomeni, da je treba pripraviti načrte in predvsem, da se morajo regionalni akterji dogovoriti in opredeliti te načrte, da se ne bi razširili kjer koli in kakor koli. To je naloga SCoT.
After their dialogue, the Pays de Coutances grouping of municipalities will have its territorial coherence plan laying down guidelines for the region’s future.
Na primer, urediti kjer koli in kakor koli dostop do območij, na katerih se gojijo školjke, pomeni uničiti obalo, ne da bi gojitelju omogočili razvoj.
In the short term, the aim is to work on building capacity to treat waste water and runoff water so that the inland areas do not endanger shellfish farming.
Treba se je usesti za mizo ter z združenji, strokovnjaki in izvoljenimi predstavniki poiskati najboljši kraj za ureditev tega dostopa, to je usklajenost in varovanje obale.“
In the medium term, sufficiently large areas will have to be set aside so that the land-based activities have enough room to develop.
Tako so se v 80-ih letih v obliki zadrug razvila nekaj hektarov velika gojišča školjk, kjer so bili zbrani skupni objekti (zajetje morske vode in oskrba z njo, čistilni bazeni) in površine v lasti vsakega podjetja.
And in the long term, thought needs to be given to the coexistence of the different activities which all help shape the region’s prosperity and identity.
Problem je, ker se morajo te kopenske lokacije širiti kljub stabilni proizvodnji.
Regulations on the purification of shellfish are evolving as scientific knowledge advances.
Kratkoročno je treba predvsem poskrbeti za zmogljivosti čiščenja odpadnih in površinskih voda, da zaledje ne bi ogrozilo gojenja školjk.
Zones where shellfish did not have to be purified will soon be changing status to come into line with the rules.
Srednjeročno bo treba prihraniti dovolj velika območja dejavnosti, da bi dejavnosti na kopnem imele primeren prostor za svoj razvoj.
This will inevitably increase the need for tank areas and this is where oyster farmers run into inevitable problems of competing for space in coastal zones.
In dolgoročno bo treba predvsem razmisliti o soobstoju različnih dejavnosti, ki vse enako prispevajo k ustvarjanju blaginje in identitete regije.
The main competitor to shellfish farming is the residential sector, both tourism and secondary residences.
Predpisi o čiščenju školjk se namreč spreminjajo glede na znanstveni napredek.
Normandy has a beautiful coast and countryside, only two to three hours from the Paris region.
Območja, na katerih školjk ni bilo treba čistiti, bodo kmalu morala spremeniti status, da bodo upoštevala predpise.
Many city dwellers come to the area for holidays and fresh air or even for retirement.
To neizogibno povečuje potrebe po bazenskih površinah.
This activity is hardly compatible with the industrious nature of shellfish farmers, who work year round in rhythm with the tides.
In pri tem se gojitelji školjk srečujejo z neizogibnimi težavami, ki jih povzroča prostorska konkurenca na obalnem območju.
Fish auctions group together a al us zk en t G
Ribje borze se združujejo a al us zk en t G
The traditional auctioneer is becoming an endangered species, but computerisation helps auctions reach a much wider clientele and raise the prices paid to producers.
Tradicionalni prodajalec postaja izumirajoča vrsta, vendar informatizacija ribjih borz omogoča znatno povečanje števila kupcev in… zvišanje cen v korist proizvajalcev.
The light is dim, cell phones are in silent mode and whispering is the rule.
Svetloba je mila, zvonjenje mobilnih telefonov je nastavljeno na„Sestanek“, če se želite pogovarjati, morate šepetati.
Only the muffled voice of the sales attendant announces the batches of fish to buyers.
Samo pridušeni glas uslužbenke kupcem napoveduje serije rib.
There are 20 or so seated in the sales room of the Belgian fish auction in Zeebruges (Flemish Region), on seats equipped with telephones and all the outlets required for modern interfacing.
Približno dvajset kupcev sedi v prodajni dvorani belgijske ribje borze v Zeebruges (Flamska) na klopeh, opremljenih s telefoni in vsemi priključki, ki so potrebni za sodobno povezovanje.
All have their eyes glued to the large screen at one end of the room.
Oči vseh so obrnjene proti velikemu zaslonu na koncu dvorane.
An auction is no longer a sales platform for just a single fishing port.
Borza torej ni več samo prodajna platforma ribiškega pristanišča.
It is now a commercial enterprise offering comprehensive solutions to its fish-trade clients.
Odslej je trgovinsko podjetje, ki ponuja celovite rešitve svojim kupcem, trgovcem na debelo z ribami.