natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
So it is no coincidence if the recommendations of the Scientific Committee focus more on fishing zones in the northern Mediterranean, where research is more developed and scientistshave set up scientific cooperation thanks to European Unioncoordination.
I bazenu (Eastmed) pa bi morali prispevati k boljši analizi stanjastaležev v južnem in vzhodnem delu Sredozemskega morja, kot že velja za nekatere države.
However, the FAO's sub-regional scientific
Vzporedno s tem razvojem se jeskupni proračun GFCM močno povečal, tako da ima več sredstev
A big step has also been taken in the area of control.
Velik korak naprej je bil narejen glede nadzora.
The eradication of illegal fishing in the Mediterranean, animportant element of the 2003 Venice Declaration, was alsoassigned to the GFCM, which was charged with developing a programme to curb illegal activity.
Pomemben del Beneške izjave iz leta 2003, odprava nezakonitega ribolova v Sredozemskem morju, je bil prav tako poverjen GFCM, ki je dobilnalogo, da razvije program boja.
Here too, measures are being put in place.
Tudi tu so ukrepi v uvajanju.
The first, taken in 2005, concerns the establishment of a 'whitelist', a register of fishing vessels over 15 metres authorised tooperate in the GFCM zone.
Razpoložljivi podatki o ulovu in rezultati akcij ribolova z vlečnimimrežami in akustičnimi napravami so znanstvenikom omogočili,da so usmerili pozornost na več prekomerno izkoriščanih aliogroženih staležev.
The States must provide the GFCMwith complete electronic identity sheets on their licensed vesselsand update them regularly.
Konec leta 2007 je bil tak primer osliča na Balearih in v severni Španiji, primer trlje na Balearih, v severni Tuniziji, v zalivu Hammamet in v zalivu Gabès, primer sardele insardona v Alboranskem morju, v severni Španiji, južni Siciliji, v Jadranskem morju in Lionskem zalivu ter primer sardona v Egejskem morju.
The GFCM forwards this list to thedifferent national control authorities, which can then swiftlyidentify a vessel to determine whether it is fishing legally or not.
Znanstveni odbor je predlagal ukrepe zaohranitev, kot so zmanjšanje ribolovnega napora, povečanjeselektivnosti ribolovnih orodij in/ali območja in obdobjaprepovedi ribolova.
With available data on catches, as well as acoustic and trawl data,scientists have nevertheless been able to draw attention toseveral stocks that are overexploited or in danger.
Prvi ukrep, sprejet leta 2005, se nanaša na vzpostavitev „belegaseznama“, registra plovil, daljših od 15 m, ki jim je dovoljeno lovitiv območju GFCM.
At the end of2007, for instance, they sounded the alarm on hake in the Balearic Islands and North Spain, red mullet in the Balearic Islands, North Tunisia, the Gulf of Hammamet and Gulf of Gabès, sardine andanchovy in the Alboran Sea, North Spain, South Sicily, the Adriaticand the Gulf of Lion, and anchovy in the Aegean Sea.
Ribolovne države morajo torej poslati GFCMpopolne elektronske datoteke s podatki o identiteti njihovih plovil,ki imajo dovoljenje, in te datoteke redno posodabljati.
The Scientific Committee has proposed conservation measures,including the reduction of fishing effort, an increase in gearselectivity and/or area closures and closed periods for fishing.
GFCM otem seznamu seznani različne nacionalne nadzorne organe, kitako lahko hitro prepoznajo plovilo, ki lovi zakonito ali panezakonito.
But the measure goes much further than simply drawing up a list,because it also represents a commitment by the GFCMcontracting parties to accept their responsibility for the vesselsthey authorise.
Pojavi pa se težava, kako spremeniti te predloge v dejanskeukrepe.
This regulation requires the flag states toguarantee the legitimacy of the activities of their vessels and toagree to impose penalties for violations.
„Zelo hitro moramo biti pripravljeni reči: Preveč je pritiska nadoločen ribolovni vir na določenem kraju, takole bomo ta pritiskzmanjšali,“pove Alain Bonzon.
This is one way to avoidthe proliferation of flags of convenience.
„To je trenutno še težko.“
Then comes the difficulty of transforming such proposals intoactual measures.'We have to reach the point soon where we can say:there is too much pressure on a given resource at a given place andhere's how to reduce the pressure', explains Alain Bonzon.
Ukrep pa gre še dosti dlje kot je sestava preprostega seznama, saj zavezuje tudi države, ki sestavljajo GFCM, da prevzamejoodgovornost za plovila, ki so jim tako dovolile loviti.
'But that isstill not easy to do.'
Ta uredbadejansko zahteva od držav, da skrbijo za dobro obnašanje plovil, ki plujejo pod njihovo zastavo, in da se zavežejo za sankcije v primerih kršitev.
In order to implement measures to restrict fishing effort, the fleetand gears must be counted and registered everywhere in thesame way.
Da bi vzpostavili ukrepe za omejitev ribolovnega napora, je trebafloto in ribolovna orodja povsod popisovati na enak način.
A working group on assessment methodologies wascreated in 2005 and its task led in 2007 to the adoption of astandardised framework for registering the fleet and gears, whichwill also offer the first-ever complete picture of the Mediterraneanfleet, including the small-scale fishing fleet.
Že leta2005 je bila ustanovljena delovna skupina za metodologijoocenjevanja in njeno delo je leta 2007 privedlo do sprejetjastandardnega okvira za popisovanje flote in ribolovnih orodij, karbo omogočilo tudi, da bomo prvič dobili izčrpen vpogled vsredozemsko floto, vključno s floto malih ribičev.
'The States now have toenter their data into the framework',adds Alain Bonzon.
„Zdaj morajodržave ta okvir uporabiti in vnesti svoje podatke,“dodaja Alain Bonzon.
'That hasn'tbeen done yet, even for the first stage of the work on vessels over 15 metres in length… ' The GFCM took measures at the start of2008 to turn the registry of fishing vessels into a reality.
„To doslej še ni bilo opravljeno, niti za prvo fazo dela, ki se jenanašala na plovila, daljša od 15 metrov… “GFCM je v začetku leta2008 sicer sprejel ukrepe za konkretno praktično uvedbo tepodatkovne baze o floti.
This provision is strengthened by another measure: theintroduction of general guidelines for implementation of acontrol scheme.
Ta določba je okrepljena še z drugim ukrepom: z uvedbopredhodnih načel za vzpostavitev nadzorne sheme.
With their adoption of these guidelines, the GFCM States agreed to respect their obligations as flag states(licences, monitoring, vessel position, logbooks and sanctions)and to ensure monitoring of the activities of their vessels(inspections, observers, monitoring of landings, infringementprocedures, etc.).
S sprejetjem teh načel so se države članice GFCM zavezale, dabodo izpolnjevale svoje obveznosti države, pod katere zastavoplovilo pluje (dovoljenja, nadzor, pozicioniranje, ladijski dnevniki,sankcije), in da bodo zagotovile nadzor nad dejavnostmi svojihplovil (inšpekcije, opazovalci, nadzor iztovora, prekrškovnipostopki itd.).
This does not change anything for the European Union Member States that were already applying these principles,but helps introduce equal treatment for all the vessels active inthe Mediterranean.
To ne pomeni nič novega za države članice Evropske unije, ki so to načelo že izvajale, prispeva pa k enakiobravnavi vseh plovil, ki delujejo v Sredozemskem morju.
These complications have not kept the GFCM from taking anumber of management measures since 2005, such as theobligation of mesh size of at least 40 mm at the codend fordemersal fisheries with the recommendation to use squaremeshed net, the establishment of a closed season for dolphinfishfrom 1 January to 14 August, and the creation of fisheriesrestricted areas to protect the Lophelia reef (Ionian Sea), the Eratosthenes Seamount (eastern Mediterranean) and the Nile delta area.
Kljub tem težavam je GFCM od leta 2005 dalje sprejel več ukrepovza upravljanje, kot so obvezna najmanjša velikost mrežnih očes 40 mm na vsej površini vreče vlečne mreže za pridneni ribolov, s priporočilom, da se uporabljajo kvadratasta očesa, vzpostavitevobdobja prepovedi ribolova delfinke od 1. januarja do 14. avgusta,ali pa uvedba območij omejenega ribolova, da bi zaščitili koralnegrebene Lophelie (Jonsko morje), podmorski greben Eratosthenes(vzhodno Sredozemsko morje) in okolico delte Nila.
In 2006, this arsenal was completed with the introduction of a'black list' of vessels that have the reputation of practicing illegalfishing.
Leta 2006 je bilo vse to dopolnjeno z vzpostavitvijo „črnegaseznama“plovil, za katera velja, da izvajajo nezakonit ribolov.
And in 2008, the GFCM adopted, on a proposal from the European Union, the port state control(4)scheme, under whichstates may only authorise a foreign vessel to land its cargo in oneof its ports if the flag state of the vessel confirms that the fishwere caught legally.
Leta 2008 pa je GFCM na predlog Evropske unije uvedelpomorsko inšpekcijo(4), režim, ki nalaga, da država tujemuplovilu ne dovoli iztovora rib v enem od njenih pristanišč, če država, pod katere zastavo plovilo pluje, ni predhodno potrdilazakonitosti tovora.
This measure has already been applied inother RFOs and has proved effective in combating landings ofillegal catches.
Ta ukrep so v drugih ORP že izvedli kotučinkovito sredstvo za boj proti iztovarjanju nezakonitega ulova.
I
i bi št vR
In addition, the GFCM systematically adopts the ICCAT's(3)management measures for Mediterranean tuna and swordfish,
I jih morajo države GFCM, ki niso del ORP za tune – regionalneorganizacije za ribištvo, prav tako izvajati.
Establishing common fisheries management inthis context requires a long-term effort, first for the adoption of itscommon principles and second for their implementation.
To je leta 2007 veljalo zanačrt za obnovitev navadnega tuna, in letos za prepoved ribolovamečarice od 15. oktobra do 15. novembra.
I to oblige the GFCM States that are not members of the tuna RFOto apply them.
Sredozemsko in Črno morje skupaj štejeta nič manj kot 27 obalnihdržav, z velikimi razlikami v razvoju, statusu raziskav in sposobnostinadzora.
It did so in 2007 for the bluefin tuna recovery planand this year for the closed period for swordfish fishing from 15 October to 15 November.
Vzpostaviti skupno upravljanje ribolova v tem okolju jedolgotrajno delo, ker je treba najprej sprejeti skupna načela inpotem ta načela začeti izvajati.
(1) www.faoadriamed.org(2) www.faocopemed.org(3) The International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tuna (ICCAT) is responsible for management of Mediterranean tuna and swordfish – http://www.iccat.int(4) See Fisheries and aquaculture in Europe, No 37, February 2008, pp. 4-8.
(3) Mednarodna komisija za ohranitev atlantskega tuna (angleško CICTA, ICCAT) je pristojna za upravljanje tunov in mečaric v Sredozemskem morju – www.iccat.int(4) Glej Ribištvo in ribogojstvo v Evropi, št. 37, februar 2008, str. 4-8.
In spring 2008, the Mediterranean was the theatre of anexceptional deployment of fisheries control means.
Spomladi 2008 je bilo Sredozemsko morje prizoriščeizjemnega razvoja sredstev za nadzor ribolova.
The target: the bluefin tuna fishery.
Tarča:ribolov navadnega tuna.
The objective: toguarantee compliance with the stock recovery plan whichenters fully into application this year and which is intendedto bring the stock back within safe biological limits in 15 years.
Cilj: zagotoviti upoštevanje načrtaobnove staleža, ki se začne v celoti izvajati letos in ki ima zacilj v 15 letih privesti stalež v varne biološke meje.
The bluefin tuna plan adopted in November 2006 did not enterinto force until June 2007, once the fishing season was well underway.
Poleg tega morajo ribiška plovila na krov sprejeti opazovalceinzanje velja„mednarodni sistem skupne inšpekcije“,ki dovoljujevsaki članici ICCAT, da na odprtem morju opravi pregled plovila, ki pluje pod zastavo druge države.
It therefore failed to have all the anticipated effects the firstyear.
Poleg tega pa morajo ribiškaplovila večkrat dnevno javiti svoj položaj prek VMS(6).
On the European Community side, this meant a significantdelay in the collection of catch data.
Staležnavadnega tuna v Vzhodnem Atlantiku in v Sredozemskem morju je na poti uničenja.
The European Commissionwas therefore unable to end the 2007 fishing season until 19 September, although the Community quota of 16 780 tonneshad already been overshot by more than 4 000 tonnes.
To dokončnougotovitev je leta 2006 podal znanstveni odbor ICCAT(1), ki je
Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean stocks of bluefin tuna areon the verge of collapse.
Spomnimo naj, da je načrt Navadni tun, ki je bil sprejet novembra2006, začel veljati šele junija 2007, ko je bila sezona ribolova ženekaj časa v teku.
The ICCAT(1)Scientific Committeeannounced this stark finding in 2006 , and recommended vigorousmeasures to halt the overexploitation of this species.
Evropska komisija je zato ribolovno letolahko zaključila šele 19. septembra, ko je bila skupnostna kvota 16 780 ton že presežena za več kot 4 000 ton.
A month later,the ICCAT adopted, on the basis of a EU proposal, the Multiannualrecovery plan for bluefin tuna in the Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean(2), commonly referred to as the 'bluefin tuna plan'.This programme was transposed into Community law provisionally
priporočil odločne ukrepe za prekinitev pretiranega izkoriščanja tevrste. Mesec dni kasneje je ICCAT na predlog Evropske unije (EU)sprejel Večletni program za obnovitev navadnega tuna v Vzhodnem Atlantiku in Sredozemskem morju(2), splošno imenovan „načrtnavadni tun“. Ta program je bil začasno prenesen v pravo Skupnosti
4 in June 2007(
4 junija 2007(
)and definitively in December 2007(
)in za stalno decembra 2007(
The 'bluefin tuna plan'
„Načrt navadni tun“
Bluefin tuna is subject to overfishing practiced either by authorisedvessels that exceed their quotas or by vessels that have no quotas.According to ICCAT estimates, this overfishing brings real catchesfrom the Eastern Atlantic to around 50 000 tonnes, well above the30 000 or so tonnes declared.
Navadni tun doživlja prelov, ki ga izvajajo plovila, ki imajodovoljenje, a presegajo svoje kvote, ali pa plovila, ki kvote splohnimajo. Po znanstvenih ocenah ICCAT naj bi ta prelov povečaldejanski ulov v območju Vzhodnega Atlantika in Sredozemskegamorja na okoli 50 000 ton, ob prijavljeni ravni okoli 30 000 ton.
The 'bluefin tuna plan' is based primarily on a gradual reductionof fishing possibilities(total allowable catch of 28 500 tonnes in2008), closed periodsestablished in terms of gears and fishingzones, an increase in minimum catch sizeand a permanent banon the use of aircraft to locate schools of tuna(5).
„Načrt navadni tun“ temelji zlasti na postopnem zmanjšanjumožnosti lova(dovoljen skupni ulov 28 500 ton v letu 2008), naobdobjih prepovedilova glede na ribolovna orodja in območja,povečanju najmanjše velikosti ulovain stalni prepovediodkrivanjajat tunov iz zraka(5).
For these measures to be effective, obviously all operators have to comply with them.
Da bodo ti ukrepi učinkoviti, jih morajo seveda upoštevati vsi akterjiv ribištvu.
With that aim in view, the ICCAT adoptedmeasures to reinforce control and enforcement of all bluefin tunafishing activities.
V ta namen je ICCAT sprejel ukrepe, s katerimi želi okrepitinadzor nad vsemi dejavnosti lova na navadnega tuna.
Control is based on a monitoring systemthat tracks catches fromthe fishing vessel to release on the market. Only tuna accompaniedby mandatory documents may be marketed.
Med razlogi, ki pojasnjujejo to odstopanje, je zelo težaven nadzornatančnih količin navadnega tuna, ki so jih ujela plovila, vključena v verigo zaporne plavarice-gojišče, ki pokriva od 70 do 80% vsegaulova.
To allow effectivefollow-up of the use of quotas, the skippers of fishing vessels mustnow declare their catches of bluefin tuna 'in real time'.
Ker se v tej dejavnosti riba po ulovu ne iztovori, se izognenadzoru v pristanišču, s katerim bi lahko preverili število osebkov innjihovo težo.
One of the reasons for this difference is that it is very hard to checkthe exact amounts of bluefin tuna caught by seiners that transfertheir catches to fattening farms, a branch of the market thataccounts for 70 % to 80 % of total catches.
Ujete tune se ohrani žive in se jih na odprtem morjupremesti iz zaporne plavarice v mobilno kletko.
Since the fish are notlanded after being caught, it escapes the port state control system,which normally checks both the number of fish and their weight.The tuna are kept alive and transferred in international waters fromthe seine to a mobile cage.
To kletko se natoodvleče do gojišča, kjer se ribe spet prestavi v fiksno kletko.
The cage is then towed to the fatteningfarm where the fish are again transferred, this time to a fixed cage.During these transfers, divers appointed by the vessel owners andthe fattening farms count the fish and estimate their weight, thentransmit this data to their agents, who establish a commercialagreement and notify the catch-monitoring authorities. The controlservices are therefore no longer in a position to check the catchdata directly and cannot count the fish until the time of slaughter,at the end of the fattening period.
Med temi prestavljanji potapljači, ki jih določijo ladjarji in gojišča,preštejejo ribe in ocenijo njihovo težo, nato pa te podatke sporočijosvojim pooblaščencem, da lahko sestavijo komercialni dogovor in obvestijo upravne organe, zadolžene za spremljanje ulova.Nadzorne službe torej ne morejo več neposredno preverjatipodatkov o ulovu in lahko ribe preštejejo šele ob zakolu, na koncugojitvenega obdobja.
The European Community has even surpassed the ICCAT'srequirements by requiring the Member States to assign anindividual quota to each vessel over 24 metres in length: catchdeclarations are compared to the vessel's fishing possibilities andnot more generally to the overall quota for its flag state.
Evropska skupnost je šla celo še dlje kot zahteve ICCAT in je naložilasvojim državam članicam, da mora vsako plovilo, daljše od 24metrov, prejeti individualno kvoto: njegove prijave ulova so takosoočene z lastnimi možnostmi ribolova in nič več splošno s celotnokvoto države, pod katere zastavo pluje.
Every caging, transhipment or landing operation on bluefin tuna issubject to port state control.
Postavljanje v kletke, pretovarjanje ali iztovarjanje navadnega tunamora biti opravljeno pod nadzorom države pristanišča.
Each operation must first be notifiedto the port authorities, who may only authorise it if the flag state ofthe harvesting vessel confirms that the fish were caught legally.
Vsakpostopek mora biti predhodno najavljen pristaniškim organom, kipostopke lahko dovolijo le, če je njihovo zakonitost potrdila država,pod katere zastavo pluje plovilo z ulovom.
But seiners are not the only vessels used to catch bluefin tuna. The stock is also exploited more traditionally by vessels usinglonglines, tunny nets or even pelagic trawls.
Lov na navadnega tuna pa ne poteka le z zapornimi plavaricami.Stalež se izkorišča tudi na bolj klasičen način, s parangali, s tunaramioziroma tudi s pelagičnimi vlečnimi mrežami.
These fisheries alsohave their share of quota overruns. As with seiners, they suffer fromthe lack of sufficient controls including at marketing level, theunder-declaration of catches, landings in non-designated ports, theabsence of VMS messages, etc.
Ta lov ni izvzet izprekoračitve kvot, kajti tako kot pri zapornih plavaricah so tudi zanjznačilne prekoračitve kvot, ki jih omogoča nezadosten nadzor, tudina ravni trženja, prenizke prijave ulova, iztovarjanje v pristaniščih, kiniso določena, neobstoj sporočil VMS itd.
(1) The International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tuna (ICCAT) is responsible for management of Mediterranean tuna and swordfish – http://www.iccat.int(2) Recommendation 2006/05.(3) Regulation (EC) No 643/2007.(4) Regulation (EC) No 1559/2007.(5) For details, see Fisheries and aquaculture in Europe, No 34, May 2007, p 9.(6) Vessel monitoring system (VMS).
(1) Mednarodna komisija za ohranitev atlantskega tuna (angleško CICTA, ICCAT) je pristojna za upravljanje tunov in mečaric v Sredozemskem morju – www.iccat.int(2) Priporočilo 2006/05.(3) Uredba (ES) št. 643/2007.(4) Uredba (ES) št. 1559/2007.(5) Za več podrobnosti glej Ribištvo in ribogojstvo v Evropi, št. 34, maj 2007, str. 9.(6) Sistem satelitskega nadzora plovil (angleško Vessel Monitoring System, VMS).
In 2006, the ICCAT Scientific Committee drew attention to the collapse of Atlantic bluefin tuna stocks.
Leta 2006 je znanstveni odbor ICCAT opozoril na stalež navadnega tuna v Atlantiku, ki je na poti uničenja.
The states with fishing activity for this species adopted a 15-year recovery plan and must strictly apply its measures.
Ribolovne države so tedaj sprejele načrt obnovitve v 15 letih, ukrepe tega načrta pa je treba dosledno izvajati.
Appropriate means of control
Ustrezna sredstva za nadzor
The Commission has also appointed 12 inspectors who areassigned 300 days of missions in ports and fattening farms.
Nenazadnje je Komisija mobilizirala 12 inšpektorjev, ki opravijo 300 dni dela v pristaniščih in v gojiščih.
The purpose of these is to evaluate the organisation and executionby the Member States of the control measures required by thebluefin tuna plan.
Cilj tega dela je oceniti, kakodržave članice uvajajo in izvajajo nadzorne ukrepe, ki jih zahtevanačrt „Navadni tun“.
As guardian of the Treaty, the European Commission sought to ensure that the bluefin tuna plan would be fully appliedthroughout the 2008 season, and in particular that it would haltoverfishing.
Evropska komisija se je kot varuh Pogodbe želela prepričati, ali senačrt Navadni tun v celoti izvaja vso sezono 2008 in zlasti ali jeprelov zaustavljen.
It has therefore used all available means to ensurecompliance with the plan by all the parties concerned, from catchto marketing.
Zato je uvedla vsa sredstva, da bi zagotovila, da vse vključene strani upoštevajo načrt, od ulova do prodaje rib.
These exceptional measures are concentrated on the peak periodof the Mediterranean fishing season (May and June), but vigilancewill remain very active during the rest of 2008, notably through theongoing cross-checking of all data on bluefin tuna catches,fattening and trade.
Ti izredni ukrepi so se zgostili sredi same ribolovne sezone v Sredozemskem morju (maj in junij), a nadzor bo ostal zelo dejaventudi v preostalem delu leta 2008, zlasti z nadaljnjim navzkrižnimprimerjanjem vseh podatkov o ulovu, gojenju in prodaji navadnegatuna.
Based on the observation that overfishing of bluefin tuna isencouraged by the excess capacity of its vessels, the European Community has imposed an obligation on the Member Statesconcerned to adopt annual fishing plans as from 2008. The aim is to reduce the capacity of their vessels to catch bluefin tuna and to match capacity to fishing possibilities.
Izhajajoč iz ugotovitve, da k prelovu navadnega tuna v veliki meripripomorejo prevelike ribolovne zmogljivosti plovil, Evropskaskupnost od leta 2008 zahteva od svojih držav članic, da sprejmejoletne ribolovne načrte, da bi zmanjšale zmogljivosti svojih plovil zalov na navadnega tuna in da jih uskladijo z možnostmi lova.
In this context, the biggestvessels are also subject to an individual quota scheme.
V temokviru za največja plovila tudi velja režim individualnih kvot.
From seiners to fattening farms er op u
Veriga zaporne plavarice-gojišča
As an ICCAT Contracting Party, the European Community centralisesand transmits to this body the different declarations it receives fromits Member States.
Kot pogodbenica ICCAT Evropska skupnost centralizira in posreduje ICCAT različne prijave, ki jih prejme od svojih držav članic.
For bluefin tuna fishing, five people are assignedto this task throughout the season, seven days a week.
Za ribolovna navadnega tuna je tej nalogi vse ribolovno leto dodeljenih petoseb sedem dni tedensko.