natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
In the case of work abroad, for example, that may also be the opportunity to learn a language, or generally the benefit represented by the acquisition of professional experience abroad.
To je lahko pri dejavnosti v tujini na primer tudi možnost učenja jezika ali na splo�no ugodnost, ki jo predstavlja pridobitev poklicnih izku�enj v tujini.
7 — See Case 196/87 Steymann [1988] ECR 6159, paragraph 12, and Case C-456/02 Trojani [2004] ECR I-7573, paragraph 22.
6159, točka 12) in z dne 7. septembra 2004 v zadevi Trojani (C-456/02, ZOdl., str. I-7573, točka 22).
A further particularity of an au pair placement may be that special importance is attached to integration in the host family, as the Italian Government has also pointed out.
Poleg tega je lahko nadaljnja posebnost službe „aupair“ v tem, da se vključitvi v sprejemno družino pripisuje poseben pomen, na kar je opozorila tudi italijanska vlada.
In this respect a parallel may be drawn with
V tem pogledu se lahko potegne vzporednico
PAYIR AND OTHERS the Court’s caselaw on the status of workers of members of the family.
PAYIR IN DRUGI s sodno prakso Sodi�ča glede statusa delavca družinskih članov.
In connection with the question of whether a person employed by a member of his family is to be regarded as a worker within the meaning of the Treaty, the Court has focused decisively on the existence of a relationship of subordination characteristic of an employment relationship.
V zvezi z vpra�anjem, ali se lahko oseba, ki jo zaposli svojec, �teje za delavko v smislu Pogodbe, se je Sodi�če osredotočilo na to, ali obstaja podrejeno razmerje, ki je značilno za delovno razmerje.
8 waiters and receive a usual remuneration in return are workers within the meaning of Article 6(1) of Regulation No 1/80.
8 natakarji in za to prejmejo običajno plačilo, so delavci v smislu člena 6 Sklepa �t. 1/80.
They carry on an effective and genuine activity, in which they are subject to instructions, and in return for which they receive remuneration.
Opravljajo namreč dejansko in pristno dejavnost, pri kateri so vezani na navodila in za katero prejmejo v zameno plačilo.
That they only work part-time does not preclude them from having the status of workers.
To, da opravljajo le delo s skraj�anim delovnim časom, ne nasprotuje temu, da bi se jim priznal status delavca.
10 Although an activity of 20 hours a week is not a full-time activity, it cannot be described as purely marginal and ancillary.
10 Čeprav dejavnost 20 ur na teden ne pomeni dejavnosti s polnim delovnim časom, te dejavnosti ni mogoče označiti kot popolnoma postransko in pomožno dejavnost.
An au pair will therefore as a rule have to be regarded as a worker within the meaning of Article 6 of Decision No 1/80. 9
Praviloma je treba torej osebo, ki opravlja delo kot „aupair“, �teti za delavko v smislu člena 6 Sklepa �t. 1/80. 9
Students who carry on an activity alongside their studies are thus as a rule to be classified as workers, unless their activity is one that is purely marginal and ancillary. 11
Študente, ki poleg �tudija opravljajo �e neko zaposlitev, je treba torej praviloma uvrstiti med delavce, razen če gre pri njihovi zaposlitvi za popolnoma postransko in pomožno dejavnost. 11
Whether an au pair thus satisfies the criteria of the concept of worker depends on the specific format of the individual case.
Ali oseba, ki opravlja delo kot „aupair“, torej izpolnjuje merila pojma delavca, je odvisno od konkretne oblike posameznega primera.
It is therefore within the jurisdiction of the national courts to determine conclusively whether the criteria described above for determining the status of worker are satisfied in the particular case.
Torej je predložitveno sodi�če pristojno, da dokončno določi, ali so zgoraj opisana merila za ugotovitev statusa delavca v konkretnem primeru izpolnjena.
Parallels to the Bettray case
Vzporednica s sodbo Bettray
Students who, like the claimants Akyuz and Ozturk, work for 20 hours a week as
Študenti, ki, tako kot tožeči stranki točki 2, delajo v obsegu 20 ur na teden kot
10 — See point 24 above.
I-3289, točka 15).
8 — See Case C-337/97 Meeusen [1999] ECR I-3289, paragraph 15.
9 — V zvezi s členom 39 ES glej sklepne predloge generalnega pravobranilca Trabucchija z dne 2. junija 1976 v zadevi Watson (118/75, Recueil, str. 1201, točka 2).
11 — See also Advocate General Alber, who stated in his Opinion in Case C-184/99 Grzelczyk [2001] ECR I-6193, point 70 et seq., that students who carry on secondary activities are workers within the meaning of the EC Treaty.
11 — Glej tudi sklepne predloge generalnega pravobranilca Alberja z dne 28. septembra 2000 v zadevi Grzelczyk (C-184/99, Recueil 2001, str.
9 — See, in the context of Article 39 EC, the Opinion of Advocate General Trabucchi in Case 118/75 Watson [1976] ECR 1201, point 2.
I-6193, točka 70 in naslednje), ki je ugotovil, da so �tudenti, ki opravljajo stransko dejavnost, delavci v smislu Pogodbe ES.
OPINION OF MRS KOKOTT — CASE C-294/06 at issue in Bettray, and held that the decision in Bettray could be explained only by the particular characteristics of that case and did not follow the general trend of the caselaw on the interpretation of the concept of worker in Community law; the judgment could not therefore be applied to situations whose features were not comparable to those of the Bettray case.
Bettray, in ugotovilo, da se lahko rezultat, ki izvira iz sodbe Bettray, razloži samo s posebnostjo tistega primera in poleg tega ni sledil smeri sodne prakse za razlago pojma delavca v pravu Skupnosti; sodbe zato ne bi bilo mogoče prenesti na položaje, ki nimajo nobenih značilnosti, ki bi bile primerljive s sodbo Bettray.
13 that the Member States can create schemes that pursue a dominant social purpose, with the consequence that an activity within such a system is not to be regarded as employment for the purposes of Article 6(1) of Decision No 1/80.
13 sporočilo, da lahko države članice vzpostavijo sisteme, ki sledijo prevladujočemu socialnemu cilju s posledico, da neke zaposlitve znotraj takega sistema ni mogoče �teti za delovno razmerje v smislu člena 6 Sklepa �t. 1/80.
Permission for students to carry on a secondary activity or the possibility of working as an au pair might be regarded as such a scheme.
Dovoljenje za stransko zaposlitev �tudentov ali možnost zaposlitve kot „aupair“ bi bilo mogoče obravnavati kot tak sistem.
The activities carried on by au pairs and students are, however, as a rule effective and genuine economic activities.
Pri dejavnostih, ki jih opravljajo „aupair“ in �tudenti, pa gre praviloma za dejansko in pristno gospodarsko dejavnost.
The particular characteristics of the Bettray case are not present in the case of students and au pairs.
Posebne značilnosti, ki so bile podane v sodbi Bettray, ne obstajajo v primeru �tudentov in oseb, ki opravljajo delo kot „au-pair“.
Consequently, also from Bettray it does not follow that au pairs and students carrying on secondary activities do not have the status of workers.
Iz sodbe Bettray zato tudi ne izhaja, da osebe, ki opravljajo delo kot „aupair“, in �tudenti nimajo statusa delavca.
B — Legal employment
B – Zakonita zaposlitev
The Court held in Bettray that activities which are solely a means of rehabilitation or reintegration in working life for the persons concerned cannot be regarded as effective and genuine economic activities.
Sodi�če je v sodbi Bettray ugotovilo, da dejavnosti, ki so zgolj sredstvo za rehabilitacijo ali ponovno vključitev zadevne osebe v delovno življenje, ni mogoče �teti za dejansko in pristno gospodarsko dejavnost.
12The facts of Bettray concerned a person who, by reason of his addiction to drugs, had been recruited on the basis of a national law intended to provide work for persons who, for an indefinite period, were unable by reason of personal circumstances to work under normal conditions; furthermore, the person concerned had not been selected on the basis of his ability to perform a certain activity, but had, on the contrary, performed activities adapted to his physical and mental possibilities, in the framework of undertakings or work associations created specifically in order to achieve a social objective.
12 V dejanskem stanju, ki je bilo podlaga za sodbo, je �lo za osebo, ki je bila zaradi odvisnosti od drog sprejeta na delovno mesto v skladu z nacionalnimi pravnimi predpisi, katerih namen je bil takim osebam priskrbeti delo, ki zaradi okoli�čin, za katere je ta oseba sama odgovorna, nedoločen čas niso zmožne delati pod normalnimi pogoji; poleg tega zadevne osebe niso poiskali v skladu z njeno usposobljenostjo za opravljanje določene dejavnosti, ampak je, nasprotno, opravljala dejavnosti, ki so bile prilagojene njenim telesnim in du�evnim zmožnostim, v okviru podjetij ali delovnih organizacij, ki so bile ustanovljene posebej za dosego socialnega cilja.
However, the Court subsequently emphasised the uniqueness of the situation
Sodi�če pa je pozneje poudarilo edinstvenost položaja, ki je bil podlaga za sodbo
The expression ‘legal employment’ presupposes, according to the caselaw, a stable and secure situation of the person
Pojem „zakonito zaposlen“ predpostav- lja v skladu s sodno prakso zagotovljen, in ne zgolj začasen položaj zadevne osebe na trgu
12 — Case 344/87 Bettray [1989] ECR 1621, paragraph 17.
12 — Sodba z dne 31. maja 1989 v zadevi Bettray (344/87, Recueil, str. 1621, točka 17).
13 — See Birden, cited in footnote 4, paragraph 31.
13 — Glej sodbo Birden (navedena v opombi 4, točka 31).
PAYIR AND OTHERS concerned as a member of the labour force of a Member State, and hence the existence of an undisputed right of residence.
PAYIR IN DRUGI dela države članice in s tem obstoj nesporne pravice do prebivanja.
14The person concerned must not be in a merely precarious situation which could be called into question at any time.
14Zadevna oseba se ne sme znajti v zgolj začasnem položaju, ki je lahko v vsakem trenutku postavljen pod vpra�aj.
15 employment’ that the worker was notified, on receiving permission to enter the territory of the host Member State, that his residence and his employment were subject to the observance of certain conditions regarding duration and substance. 16
15 ni pomembno, da je bil delavec že takrat, ko mu je bil dovoljen vstop na ozemlje države članice gostiteljice, poučen o tem, da sta njegovo prebivanje in njegova zaposlitev odvisni od upo�tevanja določenih časovnih in stvarnih pogojev. 16
So the mere fact that the residence in the host State is intended to last only for a specified period of time does not mean that the residence is to be described as insecure and precarious.
Tako samo dejstvo, da je prebivanje v državi gostiteljici predvideno le za določeno obdobje, ne vodi do tega, da bi se prebivanje označilo za negotovo in zgolj začasno.
As the national court states, the claimants in these proceedings had a right of residence during the time of their employment.
Kot je navedlo predložitveno sodi�če, so imele tožeče stranke v tem primeru med časom njihove zaposlitev tudi pravico do prebivanja.
Au pairs and students are, moreover, in principle not in a situation which is precarious and can be called into question at any time.
Osebe, ki opravljajo delo kot „aupair“, in �tudenti načeloma tudi niso v položaju, ki bi bil zgolj začasen in bi bil lahko v vsakem trenutku postavljen pod vpra�aj.
Rather, according to the Court’s caselaw, a precarious situation in the labour market is, for example, a period during which, because of the suspensive effect of his appeal against the refusal of a right of residence, a worker could provisionally reside and be employed in the Member State in question until the determination of the case. 17
Z začasnim položajem na trgu dela je treba v skladu s sodno prakso Sodi�ča nasprotno na primer razumeti obdobje, za katerega je lahko delavec zaradi odložilnega učinka tožbe, ki jo je vložil zoper zavrnitev njegovega dovoljenja za prebivanje, začasno ostal do konca pravnega spora v zadevni državi članici in bil tam zaposlen. 17
The Netherlands Government has indeed rightly emphasised that a student’s stay in the host Member State for the purpose of studying is limited in time by the length of the course of study.
Nizozemska vlada je sicer pravilno poudarila, da je prebivanje nekega �tudenta v državi članici gostiteljici zaradi �tudija časovno omejeno s trajanjem �tudija.
That does not, however, mean that the student’s residence can be characterised as precarious and liable to be called into question at any time.
To pa ne vodi do tega, da bi bilo prebivanje �tudenta lahko opredeljeno kot zgolj začasno in v vsakem trenutku vpra�ljivo.
The Court has already held that it is not relevant to the classification as ‘legal
Sodi�če je namreč že ugotovilo, da za to, da se nekaj opredeli kot „zakonita zaposlitev“,
16 — See Case C-98/96 Ertanir [1997] ECR I-5179, paragraph 58.
I-5179, točka 58).
17 — See Sevince, cited in footnote 14, paragraph 31, and Kus, cited in footnote 14, paragraph 13, in which it was held that staying in the host State during the procedure for granting a right of residence also did not fulfil that condition.
17 — Glej sodbo Sevince (navedena v opombi 14, točka 31) in sodbo Kus (navedena v opombi 14, točka 13), v kateri je bilo ugotovljeno, da nahajanje v državi gostiteljici med trajanjem postopka za odobritev dovoljenja za prebivanje tudi ne izpolnjuje te predpostavke.
15 — See Kurz, cited in footnote 5, paragraph 49.
15 — Glej zgoraj v opombi 5 navedeno sodbo Kurz (točka 49).
State and are therefore entitled to pursue an occupation there. 20
C – Pripadnost zakonitemu trgu dela članice gostiteljice in imajo tako pravico, da tam opravljajo poklic. 20
According to the caselaw of the Court, the concept of being ‘duly registered as belonging to the labour force’ also cannot therefore be interpreted as applying to the labour market in general as opposed to a restricted market with a specific social objective. 21
V skladu s sodno prakso Sodi�ča se pojem zakonitega trga dela tudi ne sme razlagati v tem smislu, da označuje splo�ni trg dela v nasprotju z omejenim trgom s posebnim socialnim namenom. 21
It is settled caselaw that the phrase ‘duly registered as belonging to the labour force’ in Article 6(1) of Decision No 1/80 means that the employment relationship must be located within the territory of a Member State or retain a sufficiently close link with that territory. 18
V skladu z ustaljeno sodno prakso pojem „zakoniti trg dela“ v členu 6(1) Sklepa �t. 1/80 pomeni, da mora biti delovno razmerje na ozemlju države članice ali imeti tesno povezavo s tem ozemljem. 18
That activities as an au pair and the activities generally pursued by students as secondary activities alongside their studies as a rule have special features — in that they have a specific social objective, since they (also) serve for language learning by au pairs or the financing of studies — does not therefore affect the fact that they are activities of persons ‘duly registered as belonging to the labour force’ within the meaning of Article 6 of Decision No 1/80.
Okoli�čina, da delo, ki se opravlja kot „aupair“, in dejavnosti, ki jih bodo �tudenti redno opravljali kot stransko zaposlitev poleg �tudija, praviloma izkazujejo posebnosti – s tem da imajo poseben socialni namen, ker služijo (tudi) učenju jezika osebe, ki oprav- lja delo kot „aupair“ oziroma financiranju �tudija – torej v ničemer ne spremeni dejstva, da gre tu za dejavnosti na „zakonitem trgu dela“ v smislu člena 6 Sklepa �t. 1/80.
It was uncertain whether the requirement of being duly registered as belonging to the labour force imposed conditions going beyond the requirement of legal employment.
Vpra�ljivo je bilo, ali so bile z zahtevo zakonitega trga dela postavljene predpostavke, ki presegajo zahtevo zakonite zaposlitve.
In Birden the Court held that it did not.
Sodi�če je na to v sodbi Birden odgovorilo nikalno.
19The Court said in that case that the terms used in the German language version — ‘regulär’ and ‘ordnungsgemäß’, corresponding to the English ‘duly registered’ and ‘legal’ — are synonymous.
19 Sodi�če je tam ugotovilo, da sta v nem�ki jezikovni različici uporabljena pojma „regulär“ in „ordnungsgemäß“, ki ustrezata pojmu „zakonit“ v slovenski različici, sinonima.
The concept of being ‘duly registered as belonging to the labour force’ therefore refers to all workers who have complied with the laws and regulations of the host Member
Pojem „zakoniti trg dela“ opisuje potemtakem vse delavce, ki se ravnajo v skladu s pravnimi in upravnimi predpisi države
Both students and au pairs thus prima facie satisfy the conditions of Article 6(1) of Decision No 1/80.
Tako �tudenti kot tudi osebe, ki opravljajo delo kot „aupair“, torej izpolnjujejo prima facie pogoje člena 6(1) Sklepa �t. 1/80.
18 — See Case C-36/96 Günaydin [1997] ECR I-5143, paragraph 29; Birden, cited in footnote 4, paragraph 33; and Ertanir, cited in footnote 16, paragraph 39.
18 — Glej sodbo z dne 30. septembra 1997 v zadevi Günaydin (C-36/96, Recueil, str. I-5143, točka 29), ter sodbi Birden (navedena v opombi 4, točka 33) in Ertanir (navedena v opombi 16, točka 39).
19 — See Birden, cited in footnote 4, paragraph 47 et seq., referring to the various language versions of Decision No 1/80.
19 — Glej sodbo Birden (navedena v opombi 4, točka 47 in naslednje), ki se sklicuje na več jezikovnih različic Sklepa �t. 1/80.
21 — See Birden, cited in footnote 4, paragraph 51.
21 — Glej sodbo Birden (navedena v opombi 4, točka 51).
Decision No 1/80. They say that Article 6(1) applies only to persons who have been admitted precisely as workers.
Člen 6(1) se nana�a samo na tiste, katerim je bil vstop dovoljen prav kot delavcem.
The factual situations in these cases present a special feature, however: the Member States which have taken part in the proceedings emphasise that leave to enter in each case was not granted for the purpose of taking up an activity in the labour market.
Okoli�čine primera v teh zadevah imajo vseeno eno posebnost: države članice, ki so stranke postopka, poudarjajo, da vstopno dovoljenje ni vsakokrat podeljeno za namene sprejeti zaposlitev na trgu dela.
Students are allowed to enter for the purpose of study and are permitted to take up an activity only secondarily to finance their studies.
Študentom se vstop dovoli zaradi �tudija, sprejeti zaposlitev pa se jim dovoli zgolj dodatno za financiranje �tudija.
Leave is given to an au pair for the purposes of language-learning and cultural exchange.
Osebi, ki opravlja delo kot „aupair“, se dovoljenje izda za namene učenja jezika in kulturne izmenjave.
The Netherlands and German Governments refer in this connection to Council Directive 2004/114/EC of 13 December 2004 on the conditions of admission of thirdcountry nationals for the purposes of studies, pupil exchange, unremunerated training or voluntary service.
Nizozemska in nem�ka vlada napotujeta na Direktivo Sveta 2004/114/ES z dne 13. decembra 2004 o pogojih za sprejem državljanov tretjih držav za namene �tudija, izmenjav učencev, neplačanega usposabljanja ali prostovoljnega dela.
22 Article 17(1) of that directive requires the Member States to allow students from nonmember countries to carry on a secondary activity for not less than 10 hours a week, or the equivalent in days or months per year.
22 Člen 17(1) te direktive zavezuje države članice, da dovolijo �tudentom, da se ob �tudiju zaposlijo v obsegu najmanj 10 ur na teden ali temu ustrezno �tevilo dni ali mesecev na leto.
It must therefore be examined what consequences the purpose of stay which applied at the time of entry to the host State may have for the interpretation of the concept of worker within the meaning of Article 6(1) of Decision No 1/80.
V nadaljevanju je treba torej preučiti, kak�en učinek ima namen prebivanja, ki je bil odločilen za vstop v državo gostiteljico, na razlago pojma delavca v smislu člena 6(1) Sklepa �t. 1/80.
It might be concluded from the scheme of Directive 2004/114 that the Community legislature regards students who carry on a secondary activity not as workers but still exclusively as students, so that students could not be classified as workers in the context of Decision No 1/80 either.
Iz sistematike Direktive 2004/114 bi se lahko razbralo, da zakonodajalec Skupnosti �tudentov, ki opravljajo stransko dejavnost, ne obravnava kot delavce, ampak �e naprej izključno kot �tudente, zaradi česar naj �tudentov tudi v okviru Sklepa �t. 1/80 ne bi bilo mogoče opredeliti kot delavcev.
First, Directive 2004/114 — which is incidentally not binding on the
Prvič, v čle -nu 4(1) Direktive 2004/114 – na katero Združeno kraljestvo sicer sploh ni vezano 23 –, je
The Member States which have taken part in the proceedings are of the view that Turkish nationals who have been given leave to enter for the purpose of study, even if they carry on secondary activities, in principle do not fall within the scope of Article 6(1) of
Države članice, ki so stranke postopka, so mnenja, da tur�ki državljani, ki jim je bil vstop dovoljen zaradi �tudija, tudi če opravljajo stransko zaposlitev, načelno ne sodijo na področje uporabe člena 6(1) Sklepa �t. 1/80.
The Member States refer in this respect to the Court’s caselaw according to which the decision on the first admission and first employment of a national, and hence the decision on whether a Turkish national obtains the possibility of acquiring successively the rights under Article 6(1), is a matter for the Member States. 24
Države članice v tem pogledu napotujejo na sodno prakso Sodi�ča, v skladu s katero bo morala odločitev o prvem vstopu in prvi zaposlitvi državljana in s tem odločitev, ali tur�ki državljan pridobi možnost, da zaporedno pridobi pravice iz člena 6(1), sprejeti država članica.
United Kingdom 23 — expressly provides in Article 4(1) that the directive is without prejudice to more favourable provisions in bilateral agreements.
24 izrecno določeno, da ta direktiva ne posega v bolj ugodne določbe dvostranskih sporazumov.
That being so, a restrictive interpretation of a bilateral provision cannot follow from the directive.
Zaradi tega ozko razumevanje dvostransko veljavne ureditve nikakor ne more izhajati iz direktive.
Second, the two instruments regulate a different subjectmatter.
Drugič, oba pravna akta imata različen predmet urejanja.
In so far as Directive 2004/114 regulates the minimum extent to which students are to be given the right to carry on a secondary activity, no conclusions may be drawn as to the interpretation and application of Article 6(1) of Decision No 1/80.
Če Direktiva 2004/114 ureja najmanj�i obseg, v katerem je treba �tudentom priznati pravico do opravljanja stranske dejavnosti, iz tega ni mogoče sklepati glede razlage in uporabe člena 6(1) Sklepa �t. 1/80.
As a result of the obligation in the directive to allow Turkish students a secondary activity, the Member States can no longer decide autonomously on a student’s first employment.
Na podlagi obveznosti, ki jo vsebuje direktiva, da je treba tur�kim �tudentom dovoliti stransko zaposlitev, države članice ne bi mogle več samostojno odločati o prvi zaposlitvi �tudenta.
If it were further assumed that Article 6(1) of the decision applied, a Turkish student would then be able to acquire permanent residence for the purpose of carrying on an economic activity, without the host State as a rule having any discretion regarding the question of the economic activity and continued residence for the purpose of economic activity.
Če se poleg tega izhaja iz možnosti uporabe člena 6(1) Sklepa, bi tur�ki �tudent zato lahko pridobil dovoljenje za stalno prebivanje zaradi opravljanja gospodarske dejavnosti, ne da bi državi gostiteljici praviloma pripadala diskrecijska pravica pri odločanju o vpra�anju poklicnega dela in nadaljnjega prebivanja zaradi opravljanja gospodarske dejavnosti.