natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
These closures are not defined in theregulation on technical measures, but as part of annualdiscussions on fishing possibilities (see box p. 7).
Takšne ustavitve se ne določijo z uredbo alitehničnimi ukrepi, ampak v okviru vsakoletnih razprav o ribolovnih možnostih (glej okvir str. 7).
With this category ofmesh size, it is only authorised to catch sandeel, sprat andherring. These three species must make up at least 90 % ofits catch.
Sodi v kategorijo velikosti mrežnega očesa, ki mudovoljuje samo ulov peščenke, papaline in atlantskega sleda.Te tri vrste morajo obsegati vsaj 90 % njegovega ulova.
If it takes other species, such as flatfish (as it mightif its path takes it through an area of shallows), their totalweight may not exceed 10 % of the catch.
Če ulovi druge vrste, na primer bokuplute (predstavljajmo si, da gre v plitvino), njihova skupna masa ne sme preseči 10 % ulova.
If cod are amongthe other species caught, the fishermen must abide byspecial provisions for this species, which can now make upno more than 3 % of catches.
Če je med drugimi vrstami trska, morajo ribičiupoštevati posebne določbe v zvezi s to vrsto, ki ne smeobsegati več kot 3 % ulova.
In addition, certain fisheries must respect closed periods: this is the case with fishing for salmon and sea trout duringthe summer (except with trap-nets) and fishing for eelthroughout the year (except with passive gear).
Poleg tega je treba za ribolov nekaterih vrst upoštevatiobdobja ustavitve: ribolov lososa in morske postrvi vpoletnem času (razen s pastmi) in ribolov jegulje skozi vseleto (razen z mirujočim orodjem).
Only the species listed in the regulation are concerned by thisprovision.
Pojasnilo: upoštevajo se samo vrste, ki so navedene v uredbi.
By-catches of freshwater fish, for example, are notlimited and are not included when calculating proportions.
Naključni ulov sladkovodnih rib na primer ni omejenin se ne vključi v izračun odstotkov.
Structure and use of gear
Sestave in uporaba orodja
The regulation also contains specific provisions for the Gulf of Riga, the structure of certain types of gears and industrialfishing. Taken together, all these measures will contribute toestablishing sustainable fisheries in the Baltic Sea and thusensuring the longterm survival of these precious resources.
Uredba vsebuje tudi posebne določbe v zvezi z Riškimzalivom, sestavo nekaterih orodij in industrijskim ribolovom.Vse to prispeva k vzpostavitvi trajnostnega ribolova v Baltskem morju, ki zagotavlja trajnost virov.
To avoid technical changes that might reduce the selectivity of active gears (trawls and Danish seines), the regulationdefines very precisely the way they must be structured and theaccessories that may be used with them. For more information,these measures are described in detail on the website of the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Fisheries and Maritime Affairs: http://ec.europa.eu/fisheries.
Da bi se izognili tehničnim spremembam, ki bi zmanjšaleselektivnost aktivnega orodja (vlečnih mrež in danskihpotegalk), uredba natančno določa način njegove sestave pa tudi morebitno dodatno opremo – podrobnejše informacijenajdete na spletni strani generalnega direktorata Evropskekomisije za ribištvo in pomorske zadeve, kjer so ti ukrepipodrobno predstavljeni: http://ec.europa.eu/fisheries.
When it comes to passive gears, i.e. gill nets, entangling nets,drift nets and trammel nets, the regulation focuses on howthey are used.
Namen uredbe v zvezi z mirujočim orodjem, to pomeni z zabodnimi, zapletnimi in visečimi mrežami ter trislojnimimrežami, je predvsem omejiti njihovo uporabo.
There are two main problems with the use of these gears: the high level of fishing effort they exert, and accidental catches, particularly of porpoises.
Takšno orodjenamreč povzroča dve težavi: velik ribolovni napor, ki gabeleži, in njegov naključni ulov, zlasti ulov pliskavic.
The European Union has therefore limited the length of passivegear to 9 km for small vessels and 21 km for bigger vessels.Immersion time is also limited to 48 hours, except whenfishing under the ice cover.
Zato Evropska unija njegovo dolžino omejuje na 9 km za majhne ladje in na 21 km za velike. Tudi čas nastavljanja jeomejen: 48 ur, razen če je sidrišče pokrito z ledom.
Sub-regional differences
Podregionalne razlike
As a precautionary measure, the European Union has already
Vendar je bila Evropskaunija že sedaj prisiljena s previdnostnim ukrepom prepovedati uporabo visečih zabodnih mrež v Baltskem morju od leta
) banned the use of drift nets in the Baltic Sea as from 2008 so as to protect the porpoise populations which have suffereda severe fall-off in their numbers.
200 8 naprej, da bi tako zaščitila populacije izredno
Although the Baltic Sea is a geographically coherent body of water, the state ofstocks varies appreciably from the Belts to the Gulf of Bothnia.
Čeprav je Baltsko morje zemljepisno povezana celota, pa je stanje staležev od Beltov do Botnijskega zaliva zelo različno.
For geographicalreasons (winter freeze-over, salinity, and temperature) or because of past management, the state of stocks is not identical across this range.
Iz zemljepisnih (zimska pozeba, slanost,temperatura) ali zgodovinskih razlogov, povezanih z upravljanjem, je zdravje staležev od ene do druge obale različno.
What is more, fishing traditions vary: the same species is not fished using the same geareverywhere or the same kind of vessels.
Poleg tega so tudi ribolovne tradicije različne: povsod se ne lovi enakih vrst z enakim orodjem na krovu enakih ladij.
In order to protect young fish, the regulation also imposesminimum landing sizes.
Da bi zaščitili nedorasle organizme, zakonodaja predpisujetudi najmanjše dovoljene velikosti. Vsako ribo, ki je manjša od najmanjše dovoljene velikosti za njeno vrsto, je treba takojpo ulovu izpustiti.
Actual minimum sizes may vary according to thefishing zone (see box).
Te velikosti so glede na ribolovno območjelahko različne (glej okvir).
The regulation takes account of all these sub-regional criteria.
Uredba je upoštevala vsa ta podregionalna merila.
That is why the ruleson mesh, by-catches and landing sizes vary according to the fishing areas.
Zato se pravila v zvezi z velikostjomrežnega očesa, naključnim ulovom in dovoljenimi velikostmi razlikujejoglede na ribolovna območja.
In the Belts and Øresund, for example, a trawler can fish for flatfishes with 90 mmmesh, which is prohibited in the rest of the Baltic, where trawls must have a meshsize of at least 105 mm and be fitted with highly selective devices (Bacoma or T 90).
Na primer, v Beltih ali Įresundu plovilo z vlečno mrežolahko lovi bokoplute z velikostjo mrežnega očesa 90 mm; to je prepovedano drugodv Baltiku, kjer morajo imeti plovila z vlečno mrežo velikost mrežnega očesa vsaj 105 mm, opremljena pa morajo biti z zelo selektivnimi napravami (Bacoma ali T 90).
(3) See Fishing in Europe, No 20, December 2003, pp. 6-10.
(3) Glej Evropsko ribištvo, št. 20, december 2003, str. 6-10.
Throughout Europe, the aquaculture sector is diversifying to expand its market.
Povsod po Evropi ribogojna industrija razširja ponudbo, da bi tako povečala svoj trg.
Six years ago in Karelia, a region in south-east Finland, the town of Imatra launched a sturgeon farming projectthat is particularly adapted to the extreme climatic conditions of the Baltic.
V Kareliji,jugovzhodni finski regiji, je mesto Imatra pred šestimi leti začelo projekt gojenja jesetrov, posebejprilagojenega skrajnim vremenskim razmeram na Baltiku.
Today, after a tryingstart, the project is developing very positively.
Po težavnih začetkih se ta projektrazvija v zelo pozitivni smeri.
Few Europeans can imagine what winter is like in Karelia. In early February, the thermometer drops to -30 °C at night.
Malo Evropejcev si lahko zamišlja, kakšna je zima v Kareliji.V začetku februarja se termometer ponoči približa -30 °C.
On the coast of the Gulf of Finland, ports are frozen andmost fishing vessels await spring in dry dock.
Pristanišča na obali Finskega zaliva so zamrznjena in večinaribiških ladij na suhem čaka na pomlad.
Inland, lakescovered with ice and snow merge with the surrounding fieldsand only the widest rivers still have a current.
Dlje v notranjosti sejezera, pokrita z ledom in snegom, stapljajo s polji in samonajvečje reke ohranjajo svoj tok.
One of them,the Vuoksi, waters the small industrial town of Imatra, some20 kilometres from the Russian border.
Ena od njih, Vuoksi, napajamestece Imatra, ki je približno dvajset kilometrov oddaljenood ruske meje.
The winter does not keep Imatra from working.
Zima za Imatro ni ovira, da ne bi mogla živeti v ritmu svojihpodjetij.
The town ishome to two large factories: Imatra Steel, which manufacturessteel for the automotive market, and Imatra Mills, whichproduces paper and cardboard for packaging.
V mestecu sta dve pomembni tovarni: Imatra Steel,ki proizvaja jeklo za avtomobilsko industrijo, in Imatra Mills, ki proizvaja papir in kartonsko embalažo.
At the heart of this huge paper complex owned by Stora Enso Group lies the subject that concerns us: a fish farm that raisessturgeon and zander.
Znotraj tegaogromnega kompleksa proizvodnje papirja skupine Stora Enso se nahaja tisto, kar nas zanima: ribogojnica jesetrov insmučev.
The Imatra farm was selected to raise Siberian sturgeon (acipenser baerii), the species best suited to farming.
Ribogojnica iz Imatre se je odločila za gojenje sibirskega jesetra (acipenser baerii), vrste, ki je najprimernejša za gojenje.
Heat transfer
Toplotna izmenjava
After crossing the different paper production units, followingthe steaming water treatment basins and skirting mountainsof wood shavings covered with snow, we reach a desertedsection of the site.
Potem ko se prebijemo skozi različne proizvodne enotepapirnice, gremo vzdolž kadečih se bazenov za čiščenje voda in obidemo s snegom pokrite gore lesenih skobljancev,pridemo na zapuščeni del območja.
A hangar measuring some 20 metres widestands between two abandoned brick buildings.
Med dvema zapuščenima opečnatima zgradbama stoji približno dvajsetmetrov dolgo skladišče.
Inside are10 or so large plastic tanks, around 15 smaller basins and a maze of pipes.
V notranjosti je kakih deset velikihplastičnih rezervoarjev, kakih petnajst manjših bazenov in cel labirint cevi.
This is where most of the activities of the young firm, Imatran Kala ja Kaviaari – Imatra Fish and Caviar – take place.
Tu potekajo glavne dejavnosti mladedružbe Imatran Kala ja Kaviaari – po slovensko Ribe inkaviar iz Imatre.
In the Nordic countries, energy is the crucial element of allaquaculture projects.
V nordijskih državah je energija ključni element vsehribogojnih projektov.
In nature, fish can make it through the winter and freezing temperatures by seeking out areasfavourable to their survival.
V naravnem okolju ribe lahko kljubujejozimi in zmrzali tako, da poiščejo kraje, ki so ugodni za njihovopreživetje.
In basins of limited size, however,that is not possible.
V bazenih z omejenim obsegom pa to ni mogoče.Če ne želimo, da bi se zaradi ostre zime produktivnostribogojstva upočasnila, je nujno potrebno ohranjati stalnotemperaturo vode. Za to se potroši veliko energije.
Recovering the heat produced by a factoryrepresents a real economic advantage.
Zbiranjetoplote, ki jo oddaja kak obrat, pomeni resnično gospodarskoprednost.
It also contributes to rational use of energy, which is highly beneficial to theenvironment.
To prispeva tudi k razumni rabi energije, kar jeprecejšnja okoljska korist.
It all began in the year 2000.
Vse se je začelo leta 2000.
As part of its twinning with theneighbouring Russian town of Svetogorsk, Imatra wanted tolaunch an initiative to symbolise the good relations betweenthe two communities.
Tako se je rodila zamisel o proizvodnjikaviarja: v poklon Rusom, ki še zlasti cenijo ta proizvod, in v spomin na preteklost, ko so jesetri plavali navzgor po reki Vuoksi, ki povezuje obe mesti.
The idea of producing caviar was suggested, in tribute to the Russians, who particularly appreciate it, and in reminiscence of the past, when sturgeonsused to swim back up the Vuoksi River that links the twotowns.
Poleg tega bi v državi, ki štejemilijon športnih ribičev (20 % prebivalstva), možnost ponovneuvedbe jesetrov v reko lahko odprla zanimivo turističnoperspektivo.
What is more, in a country with a million sport fishermen(20 % of the population), the possibility of reintroducing sturgeons into the river can create attractive prospects for tourism.
Skupina Stora Enso je v okviru svojega programatrajnostnega razvoja privolila v sodelovanje v tem pilotnemprojektu in se strinjala z njegovo namestitvijo v njenemkompleksu v Imatri.
The Imatra Environment Department, which is responsible for managing local aquatic fauna, was assigned the task ofturning the project into a reality.
Oddelek za okolje iz Imatre, ki je zadolžen za upravljanjelokalnega vodnega živalstva, je dobil nalogo za uresničitevtega projekta.
The project required complex infrastructure, particularly from the standpoint of plumbing.
Za projekt je nujno potrebna zahtevna infrastruktura, še zlastikar zadeva vodovodno instalacijo.
The tanks are filled withriver water which first goes through a heat transfer unit whereit is heated to 33°C by hot water from the paper processingplant.
Rezervoarji se oskrbujejo z vodo iz reke. Ta gre pred tem v enoto za toplotnoizmenjavo, kjer se z vročo vodo, ki pride iz čistilne napravepapirnice, segreje na 33 °C.
The first thing that had to be done was to develop a piping system to get the hot water from the plant and the cold water from the river.
Treba je bilo torej razviti sistem za dovajanje vroče vode iz obrata in mrzle vode iz reke.
Female sturgeons need to hibernate forseveral weeks in tanks of unheatedwater.Without this rest period, their reproductivecycle is not triggered.
Samice jesetrov morajo več tednov prezimovati v bazenih z neogrevano vodo.Brez te vmesne stopnje ne začnejo svojega reprodukcijskega cikla.
The town of Imatra received 40 % public funding, partiallyfrom the European Union’s Financial Instrument for Fisheries Guidance (FIFG).
Mesto Imatra je bilodeležno 40-odstotne javne pomoči, ki se je delno financiralas Finančnim instrumentom za usmerjanje ribištva (FIUR)Evropske unije.
At the end of 2001, everything was in place.
Konec leta 2001 je bilo vse pripravljeno. Manjkale so samoše ribe.
In the spring of 2005, the premises were completelydisinfected to put an end to their isolation.
Pomladi 2005 je bilo poslopje deležno temeljite dezinfekcije,da bi se rešilo svoje osamitve.
All the fish weredestroyed and production started over from scratch.Sturgeon remained the star species, with new specimensimported from Italy and France.
Vse ribe so bile odstranjene in proizvodnja se je začela znova.
Another species was alsointroduced, zander.
Jeseter je še naprej glavnavrsta – novi primerki se uvažajo iz Italije in Francije.
With a reputation among gourmets and its fast growth in warm water, zander offers attractivecommercial prospects.
Polegnjega se je v rezervoarje Imatre uvedla nova vrsta: smuč,katerega gastronomski ugled in hitra rast v mlačni vodiponujata zanimive poslovne obete.
One year on from its new start, thefarm had 2 000 individuals of each species.
Leto dni po tem novemzačetku ribogojnica šteje 2000 osebkov vsake vrste.
The goal is toreach the 40 tonnes maximum authorised production for the farm’s capacity by the end of 2006.
Cilj jedo konca leta 2006 doseči največjo dovoljeno proizvodnjoglede na zmogljivost ribogojnice: 40 ton.
He was sent to Russia,on the banks of the Black Sea, to be trained in sturgeonbreeding techniques.
V takšnih novih okoliščinah je ribogojnica iz Imatre dobilavlogo valilnice.
In this new context, the Imatra farm will play the role of ahatchery.
Poslali so ga v Rusijo, in sicer na obalo Črnega morja, da bi se izučiltehnik gojenja jesetrov.
Its task is to produce sturgeon and zander fry,which will be transferred to the new owner’s fattening sites,as well as pregnant female sturgeons whose caviar will beremoved and processed at the group’s processing plant in Uusikaupunki.
Svojo podmetalko potopi v enega od rezervoarjev in izvleče čudovit primerek, dolg dober meter.“Samica,” ponosno pojasni in pomaha z ribo, ki se otepa.Trenutno prezimuje v edinem rezervoarju v ribogojnici, ki nimaogrevane vode.
As elsewhere in Europe, the Imatra farm chose to breed thespecies best suited to farming: Siberian sturgeon (acipenserbaerii).
Kot drugod po Evropi se je tudi ribogojnica v Imatri odločilaza vrsto, ki je najbolj primerna za gojenje: sibirski jeseter(acipenser baerii).
It is also the easiest to find.
To vrsto je tudi najlažje najti.
The Imatra stocks wereobtained from French and Italian farms, but they reached theirdestination after a chaotic process.
Stalež v Imatritrenutno izvira iz francoskih in italijanskih ribogojnic. Vendar jebila njegova pot do tega skladišča zapletena.
‘The system we have developed is particularly well adaptedto cold countries,’explains Ilppo Silakoski.
“Sistem, ki smo ga razvili, je še posebej primeren za mrzledržave,” pojasnjuje Ilpo Silakoski.
‘It makes itpossible to reduce our energy and environmental costssignificantly. These would be very high under normalconditions.’The example has borne fruit.
“Omogoča precejšnjezmanjšanje energetskih in okoljskih stroškov, ki bi bili vnormalnih razmerah zelo visoki.”
A new sturgeonbreeding farm, bigger than the one in Imatra, is being built in Varkaus, in central Finland, also on the premises of a paper plant.
Takšen zgled je obrodilsadove tudi drugod: v osrednjem delu Finske, v Varkausu, se prav tako na območju papirnice trenutno gradiribogojnica, ki bo še večja od ribogojnice v Imatri.
The farm was declared infected and none ofour fish could be transferred from it.’ in Europe e
v Evropi o ib og oj st v o in r
The isolation measure did not keep the new farm frompersevering in its learning process.
“Poleg jesetrov smo nameravali gojiti tudi druge vrste rib, kiso danes že izumrle, da bi jih tako znova uvedli v Vuoksi,”nadaljuje Ilpo Silakoski.
Two years later, itsproduction was close to 25 tonnes, proving that theinfrastructure was effective.
“Tako smo se zanimali tudi zaostrigarja, ki je bil pred kakimi stotimi leti zelo razširjen, in v Nemčiji smo našli ribogojnico, kjer bi se lahko oskrbeli sprimerki obeh vrst.
The prohibition on the transfer of live organisms, however, barred plans for the reintroductionand production of caviar, since the pregnant females could not be sent to a processing firm.
Pri tem pa smo imeli smolo... Zaradistresa, ki so ga ostrigarji doživeli med vožnjo s tovornjakom,ki je trajala poltretji dan, so zboleli. Ribogojnica je bilarazglašena za okuženo in nobene od naših rib nismo mogliprenesti drugam.”
The Finnish aquaculturegroup Saaristomeren Kala became interested in the smallfarm.
Dve leti pozneje se je proizvodnja približala 25tonam, kar je bil dokaz o učinkovitosti infrastrukture.
A producer mainly of sea trout, the group wasdiversifying and decided to acquire 81 % of the Imatra farm,with the town keeping the minority share.
Vendarje prepoved premestitve živih organizmov preprečila projekteponovne uvedbe in proizvodnje kaviarja, kajti brejih samic nibilo mogoče poslati v predelovalno podjetje.
> Improving the sector’s profitability increasing the chances of being caught,increasing penalty levels uniformly, increasingcontrols in port, developing a system of traceability for catches, developing trade retaliatorymeasures against the flag state, and so on.The European Commission has welcomed the report’s conclusions and its proposals willbe taken into account as part of Europeanmeasures to counter illegal, unreported andunregulated fishing.The report is available on the OECD website:www.oecd.org
- C vključevalo večjo verjetnost prijetja, enotnopovečanje zneska kazni, več inšpekcijskih pregledov v pristanišču, razvoj sistema sledljivostiulova, razvoj povračilnih gospodarskih ukrepovproti državi ladijske zastave itd. Evropska komisija je z odobravanjem sprejelaugotovitve tega poročila, katerega predlogi sebodo upoštevali v okviru evropskih ukrepov zaboj proti nezakonitemu, neprijavljenemu inzakonsko neurejenemu ribolovu.Poročilo je na voljo na spletni strani OECD:www.oecd.org
The OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development) study groupon high-sea fishing has turned in its report onillegal fishing.
Evropska komisija je predstavila sporočilo,katerega namen je doseči rešitve za izboljšanjegospodarskih razmer v ribiški industriji, šezlasti v zvezi z ladjevjem.
The group was set up in 2003 aspart of the OECD round table on sustainabledevelopment. Its aim is to identify solutions forthe problem of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing on the high seas.
Nekatera ladjevja, kiso zaradi ne ravno cvetočega položaja številnihkomercialnih staležev in padajočih cen v tveganem položaju, se težko spopadajo znepredvidljivimi dogodki, kakršen je bil nedavno občutno zvišanje cen goriva.
Its membersincluded representatives of the European Union, United States, Canada, Australia andother countries concerned.
Kratkoročnose predlaga aktiviranje pomoči za reševanje inprestrukturiranje, ki se lahko dodeli poddoločenimi pogoji.
The report provides a detailed analysis of thephenomenon of illegal fishing, whose development is a serious threat to the health of mostof the world’s stocks.
Določa tudi točno določenepomoči, s katerimi bi se na podlagi podrobnihpogojev lahko financirala oprema za zmanjšanje porabe energije (varčnejši in drugi načiniribolova).
Combating thesepractices must primarily seek to increase the costs of illegal fishing so as to cut profits.That could involve, among other things,
Podrobnejše informacijenajdete v sporočilu za javnost z dne 9. marca2006 na naslovu spletne strani generalnegadirektorata: http://europa.eu.int/comm/fisheries/ news_corner/press/index_en.htm
The European Commission has presented a communication that aims to identify ways of improving the economic viability of thefisheries sector, and in particular of fishingfleets.
Študijska skupina za ribolov na morju OECD(Organizacije za ekonomsko sodelovanje inrazvoj) je predložila svoje poročilo o nezakonitemribolovu.
Weakened by the fragile state of manycommercial stocks and by stagnating prices,certain fleets are having difficulty coping withunexpected situations such as the recentsteep increase in fuel prices.
Skupina je bila leta 2003 ustanovljena v okviru okrogle mize OECD o trajnostnemrazvoju, njena naloga pa je poiskati rešitve priboju proti nezakonitemu, neprijavljenemu inzakonsko neurejenemu ribolovu na odprtemmorju.
In the short term,the Commission proposes to activate rescueand restructuring aid which can be grantedunder certain conditions.
Združila je predstavnike Evropske unije,pa tudi Združenih držav, Kanade, Avstralije indrugih zadevnih držav.
It also provides for one-off aid to finance, with specificarrangements, equipment to reduce energyuse (more energy efficient fishing methods and other methods).
V poročilu je podrobno preučen pojav nezakonitega ribolova, katerega razvoj resno ogrožazdravje večine svetovnih staležev.
Fordetails, see the press release of 9 March 2006on the DG Fisheries website: http://europa.eu.int/comm/fisheries/ news_corner/press/index_en.htm
Namen boja proti takšnimpraksam mora biti predvsem povečanje stroškov nezakonitega ribolova, tako da sezmanjša njegov dobiček. To bi zlasti lahko
Towards an all-embracing maritime policy in Europe?The public consultation is launched
Celostni pomorski politiki v Evropi naproti?Začetek javnega posvetovanja
A growing maritime economy
Rast pomorskega gospodarstva
Harmonious developmentof coastal zones
Obalna območja na razpotju
Adapting governance to an integrated maritime policy
Prilagojeno upravljanje zacelostno pomorsko politiko
•Offshore Mariculture, Malta, 11-13 October 2006This international conference will review developments andspecial techniques for offshore fish farming. > For more information:Tel: +44 1737 559 892 E-mail: enquiries@conferencebusiness.co.uk Web site: http://www.offshoremariculture.com
•Offshore Mariculture, Malta, 11.–13. oktober 2006Cilj te mednarodne konference je oceniti razvoj in posebnetehnike ribogojstva na odprtem morju. > Za podrobnejše informacije:Tel: +44 1737 559 892 E-pošta: enquiries@conferencebusiness.co.uk Spletna stran: http://www.offshoremariculture.com