natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Moreover, and according to the results of the ad hoc module ‘Accidents at work and health problems linked to work’ in the Labour Force Survey (LFS) carried out in 1999, approximately 0.1 % of the replies show that workers have suffered from a hearing problem, which in their own opinion had started or been made worse by their work.
Poleg tega in v skladu z rezultati priložnostnega modula „Nesreče pri delu in težave, povezane z delom“, v okviru raziskave o delovni sili (LFS), izvedene leta 1999, približno 0,1 % odgovorov kaže, da so imeli delavci težave s sluhom, ki so se začele ali poslabšale zaradi njihovega dela.
This would indicate that approximately 200 000 European workers (at work or retired) have hearing problems.
To bi pomenilo, da ima približno 200 000 evropskih delavcev (aktivnih ali upokojenih) težave s sluhom.
Finally, each year, these figures are increased by thousands of new cases of hearing loss identified as an occupational disease.
In nenazadnje, vsako leto se te številke povečajo za več tisoč novih primerov izgube sluha, ki spada med poklicne bolezni.
According to data within the EODS project for the reference year 2005, amongst the 10 most numerous occupational diseases identified in the European Union, hearing loss due to noise is in fourth place with 10 590 identified cases in the 12 Member States who supplied data (i.e. approximately 14 300 cases when extrapolated to the EU-15 Member States).
Skladno s podatki v okviru projekta EODS za referenčno leto 2005 je med 10 najbolj pogostimi poklicnimi boleznimi v Evropski uniji izguba sluha zaradi hrupa, in sicer na četrtem mestu z 10 590 ugotovljenimi primeri v 12 državah članicah, ki so posredovale podatke (tj. približno 14 300 primerov na 15 držav članic EU).
This represents a rate of incidence13 of 9.5 per 100 000 people in employment.
To predstavlja stopnjo obolevnosti13 9,5 na 100 000 zaposlenih.
It is essential, therefore, that all employers consider the risks from noise at their workplaces knowing that the responsibility rests solely with employers (no matter how small the company, how few the number of workers employed or what sector of employment) in that they must protect their workers against the risks from exposure to noise where noise exists at a workplace or is generated by a work activity.
Zato je bistvenega pomena, da se delodajalci zavedajo tveganja zaradi hrupa na delovnem mestu, ob upoštevanju, da so delodajalci edini, ki so za to odgovorni (ne glede na velikost podjetja, število zaposlenih ali sektor zaposlitve), in da morajo zaščititi svoje delavce pred tveganji zaradi izpostavljenosti hrupu, kjer je hrup prisoten na delovnem mestu ali pa je posledica delovne aktivnosti.
ESWC means European Survey of Working Conditions.
ESWC pomeni Evropska raziskava o delovnih pogojih..
89/391/EEC Council Directive of 12 June 1989, on the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health of workers at work, O.J. No L 183, of 29.06.1989, page 1.
Eurostat – Podatki – Prebivalstvo in socialni pogoji – Zdravje – Zdravje in varnost pri delu. http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/ewco/surveys/ewcs2005/index.htm
Eurostat – Data – Population and social conditions – Health – Health and safety at work . http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page?_pageid=1090,30070682,1090_33076576 & _dad=portal & _schema=PORTAL
Direktiva Sveta 89/391/EGS z dne 12. junija 1989 o uvajanju ukrepov za spodbujanje izboljšav varnosti in zdravja delavcev pri delu, UL L 183, 29.6.1089, str. 1.
MAIN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DIRECTIVE 2003/10/EC AND THE EARLIER DIRECTIVE 86/188/EEC
GLAVNE RAZLIKE MED DIREKTIVO 2003/10/ES IN PREJŠNJO DIREKTIVO 86/188/EGS
Structure of the Directive peculiar to certain specific public service activities, such as the armed forces or the police, or to certain specific activities in the civil protection services inevitably conflict with the Directive’.
Struktura direktive javnih služb, kot so oborožene sile ali policija, ali nekaterih posebnih dejavnosti služb civilne zaščite neizogibno nasprotujejo tej direktivi“.
On the other hand, Directive 86/188/EEC excludes air and maritime navigation and, therefore, all workers involved in these transport sectors.
Na drugi strani pa Direktiva 86/188/EGS izključuje pomorsko in zračno plovbo ter s tem vse delavce, ki so dejavni v teh dveh prometnih sektorjih.
The new Directive 2003/10/EC, based on Article 137 of the treaty instituting the European Union, is much clearer in structure, since it follows the preventive approach of Directive 89/391/EEC (Framework Directive) as the 17th individual Directive.
Nova Direktiva 2003/10/ES, ki temelji na členu 137 Pogodbe o ustanovitvi Evropske unije, ima precej bolj jasno strukturo, saj sledi preventivnemu pristopu Direktive 89/391/EGS (Okvirna direktiva) kot 17. posebna direktiva.
Directive 2003/10/EC applies to all activity sectors without exception
Direktiva 2003/10/ES se uporablja za vse sektorje dejavnosti brez izjem
(Article 1, paragraph 2)
(člen 1(2)).
However, Directive 86/188/EEC, which was based on a different legal base (Article 100 of the treaty instituting the European Economic Community), did not follow this preventive approach.
Vendar pa Direktiva 86/188/EGS, ki je temeljila na drugačni pravni podlagi (člen 100 Pogodbe EGS), ni sledila temu preventivnemu pristopu.
Consequently, the Directive did not allow clear objectives to be established: risk prevention, assessment of unavoidable risks, or tackling risks at source by preferring collective measures to individual protection measures.
Zato Direktiva ni omogočala vzpostavitve jasnih ciljev: preprečevanja tveganja, ocene neizogibnega tveganja, reševanja problema tveganja pri viru z dajanjem prednosti kolektivnim ukrepom pred individualnimi zaščitnimi ukrepi.
The new Directive 2003/10/EC simplifies in a clear manner (without recourse to complicated mathematical formulae) the different physical parameters used as risk predictors.
Nova Direktiva 2003/10/ES na jasen način poenostavlja (brez zapletenih matematičnih formul) različne fizikalne parametre, ki se uporabljajo kot napovedovalci tveganja.
In this respect, it is a return to the ISO 1999/1990 international standard, with its simplified wording.
V tem smislu gre za vrnitev k mednarodnemu standardu ISO 1999/1990, z njegovim poenostavljenim besedilom.
Directive 89/391/EEC establishes the main principles of prevention and in particular the obligations and responsibilities of employers.
Direktiva 89/391/EGS vzpostavlja glavna načela preprečevanja ter zlasti obveznosti in odgovornosti delodajalca.
These principles are to be applied mutatis mutandis, especially for risk assessment measures to prevent or reduce the exposure of workers to noise, restricting exposure, health surveillance, as well as personnel information, training, consultation and participation of workers in this process.
Ta načela se smiselno uporabljajo predvsem za oceno tveganja, ukrepe za preprečevanje ali zmanjševanje izpostavljenosti delavcev hrupu, za omejevanje izpostavljenosti, za zdravstveni nadzor, pa tudi za obveščanje osebja ter usposabljanje, posvetovanje in sodelovanje delavcev pri tem postopku.
•Daily noise exposure level ‘L dB(A)’
•Raven dnevne izpostavljenosti hrupu „L dB(A)”
•Weekly noise exposure level ‘L
•Raven tedenske izpostavljenosti hrupu „L
Exposure limit value and exposure action values
Mejna vrednost izpostavljenosti in opozorilne vrednosti izpostavljenosti
Article 1 of the new Directive 2003/10/EC sets minimum regulations for protecting workers from risks to their health and safety which result from, or might result from, exposure to noise and especially risks to hearing.
Direktiva 2003/10/ES uvaja pojma „mejna vrednost izpostavljenosti“ in „opozorilne vrednosti izpostavljenosti“.
These provisions apply to activities in the exercise of which workers are or could be exposed to risks due to noise, as a consequence of their work.
Te vrednosti delodajalcem omogočajo optimiziranje izvajanja Direktive, zlasti oceno tveganj, katerim so izpostavljeni ali bi lahko bili izpostavljeni delavci med delom.
Directive 2003/10/EC introduces the concepts of ‘Exposure limit values’ and ‘Exposure action values’.
Člen 1 nove Direktive 2003/10/ES določa minimalne zahteve za varovanje delavcev pred tveganji za zdravje in varnost, ki so ali bi lahko bila posledica izpostavljenosti hrupu, in zlasti pred tveganjem za sluh.
These allow employers to optimise the implementation of the Directive, especially the assessment of risks to which workers are or could be exposed when working.
Določbe te direktive se uporabljajo za dejavnosti, v katerih so ali bi lahko bili delavci zaradi svojega dela izpostavljeni tveganjem zaradi hrupa.
Directive 2003/10/EC aims to combat risks due to exposure of workers to noise
Cilj Direktive 2003/10/ES je obvladovanje tveganja zaradi izpostavljenosti delavcev hrupu
(Article 1)
(člen 1)
The new exposure limit value established by Directive 2003/10/EC is set at a lower level than that established by Directive 86/188/EEC and constitutes, for a company, the acceptable noise level with no consequence for the health and safety of the workers.
Nova mejna vrednost izpostavljenosti, ki jo vzpostavlja Direktiva 2003/10/ES, je določena na nižji ravni kot vrednost, ki jo določa Direktiva 86/188/EGS, ter predstavlja, za podjetje, sprejemljivo raven hrupa, ki nima posledic za zdravje in varnost delavcev.
In terms of noise exposure, the risk increases with higher exposure values and therefore it is necessary to apply proportional measures to tackle this risk, without the limit value ever being exceeded.
Glede izpostavljenosti hrupu se tveganje poveča z višjimi vrednostmi izpostavljenosti, zato je treba za odpravo tega tveganja uporabiti sorazmerne ukrepe, ne da bi bila kadar koli presežena mejna vrednost.
The new limit value is set at L
Nova mejna vrednost je določena pri L
The new Directive 2003/10/EC applies to all activity sectors without exception (Article 1, paragraph 2).
Nova Direktiva 2003/10/ES se uporablja brez izjem za vse sektorje dejavnosti (člen 1(2)).
The only exceptions can be those included in Article 2 paragraph 2 of Directive 89/391/EEC, namely ‘where characteristics exposure level (weighted average of the exposure level
Edine izjeme so lahko izjeme, zajete v členu 2(2) Direktive 89/391/EGS, in sicer „če posebne značilnosti nekaterih posebnih dejavnosti ravni izpostavljenosti med osemurnim delavnikom)
If the upper exposure action values is exceeded
Če so zgornje opozorilne vrednosti izpostavljenosti presežene:
= 90dB(A) for the personal daily exposure = 200 Pa for the sound pressure value.
= 90dB(A) za osebno dnevno izpostavljenost in
The employer must
Mora delodajalec: peak
Exposure limit values
Mejne vrednosti izpostavljenosti:
This value must in no circumstances be exceeded!!!
Ta vrednost v nobenem primeru ne sme biti presežena!!!
In the application of exposure limit value, determination of the effective exposure of the worker to noise takes account of the attenuation provided by individual hearing protectors worn by the workers.
Pri uporabi mejne vrednosti izpostavljenosti se pri določanju dejanske izpostavljenosti delavca hrupu upošteva zmanjšanje hrupa zaradi osebne varovalne opreme za varovanje sluha, ki jo nosijo delavci.
•Establish and implement a programme of technical and/or organisational measures intended to reduce exposure to noise (Article 5, § 2)•Ensure that workers who are exposed to noise at work receive information and training relating to risks resulting from exposure to noise (Article 8)•Mark, with appropriate signs, workplaces where workers are likely to be exposed to noise exceeding the upper exposure action values (Article 5, § 3)•Provide for workers’ entitlement to receive hearing checks by doctors or by another suitably qualied person under the responsibility of a doctor, in accordance with national law and/ or practice (Article 10, § 2)
•Vzpostaviti in izvajati program tehničnih in/ali organizacijskih ukrepov za zmanjšanje izpostavljenosti hrupu (člen 5(2))•Delavcem, ki so pri delu izpostavljeni hrupu, zagotoviti informacije in usposabljanje o tveganjih zaradi izpostavljenosti hrupu (člen 8)•Opremiti delovna mesta, na katerih je verjetno, da bodo delavci izpostavljeni hrupu, ki presega zgornje opozorilne vrednosti izpostavljenosti, z ustreznimi oznakami (člen 5(3))•Omogočiti delavcem pregled sluha, ki ga opravi zdravnik ali druga ustrezno usposobljena oseba, v skladu z nacionalno zakonodajo in/ali prakso (člen 10(2))
The innovation in Directive 2003/10/EC, compared to Directive 86/188/EEC, is that it establishes two exposure
Direktiva 2003/10/ES v primerjavi z Direktivo 86/188/EGS prinaša novost, in sicer vzpostavlja dve vrednosti izpostavljenosti za sprožitev dejavnosti: višjo
= 140 Pa] and one lower [L
= 140 Pa] in nižjo [L
These values, which can be exceeded, peak
Te vrednosti, ki jih je mogoče preseči, peak
•Individual hearing protectors, where noise exposure matches or exceeds the upper exposure action values (Article 6, § 1(b)) trigger action without, however, exceeding the expo-
•Osebno varovalno opremo za varovanje sluha, kadar je izpostavljenost hrupu enaka ali presega zgornje opozorilne vrednosti izpostavljenosti (člen 6(1)(b)) sprožijo dejavnost, ne da bi bila pri tem presežena mejna
Moreover, when workplaces or workers are liable to be exposed to a noise level exceeding the upper action value, LE
Poleg tega mora delodajalec za delovna mesta ali delavce, za katere je verjetno, da bodo izpostavljeni ravnem hrupa, ki presegajo zgornjo opozorilno vrednost,
≥ 140 Pa, the employer
≥ 140 Pa, zagotoviti usposa-
X , 8h peak must provide training and information to the workers on sure limit value under any circumstances.
X , 8h peak bljanje in informacije o tveganjih, katerim so izpostavljeni, vrednost izpostavljenosti.
This allows employers to manage the preventive actions to be taken in tackling the risk due to workers exposed to noise, in an appropriate and flexible manner.
To delodajalcem omogoča, da na primeren in prožen način nadzorujejo preventivne ukrepe, ki jih je treba sprejeti za odpravo tveganja zaradi izpostavljenosti delavcev hrupu.
If the upper exposure action value is exceeded, the Directive obliges the employer to establish and maintain a programme of technical or organisational measures to reduce exposure to noise such as providing medical checks of the workers’ hearing.
Če je zgornja opozorilna vrednost izpostavljenosti presežena, Direktiva delodajalcem nalaga vzpostavitev in ohranjanje programa tehničnih ali organizacijskih ukrepov za zmanjšanje izpostavljenosti hrupu, na primer zdravstvene preglede sluha delavcev.
the risks to which they are exposed and work areas must incorporate appropriate signs to restrict access, where this is feasible and when justified by the risk, and offer workers a preventive audiometric examination.
delovna območja pa morajo biti opremljena z ustreznimi oznakami za omejevanje dostopa, kjer je to mogoče in upravičeno zaradi tveganja, delavcem pa mora nuditi tudi preventivni avdiometrični pregled.
Where exposure is between
Kjer je izpostavljenost med:
Risk assessment
Ocena tveganja:
= 112 and 140 Pa
= 112 in 140 Pa
(Article 4)
(člen 4)
The employer shall ensure that:
Delodajalec oceni in po potrebi izmeri raven hrupa.
The employer assesses and, if necessary, measures the noise level.
Delodajalec zagotovi, da:
Methods can include taking representative samples.
Metode lahko vključujejo jemanje reprezentativnih vzorcev.
Factors to be considered:
Dejavniki, ki jih je treba upoštevati:
•Workers who are exposed to noise at work receive information and training relating to risks resulting from exposure to noise (Article 8)•Individual hearing protectors shall be made available to workers (Article 6, § 1 (a))•A preventive audiometric test is oered to those workers identied as being at risk (Article 10, § 2)
•So delavci, ki so pri delu izpostavljeni hrupu, obveščeni in se usposabljajo v zvezi s tveganji zaradi izpostavljenosti hrupu (člen 8)•Je delavcem na voljo osebna varovalna oprema za varovanje sluha (člen 6(1)(a))•Je tistim delavcem, ki so opredeljeni kot izpostavljeni tveganju, na voljo preventivni avdiometrični preizkus (člen 10(2))
Finally, and when workers are exposed in the workplace to a noise level equal to or greater than the lower action value, L
In nenazadnje, kjer so delavci na delovnem mestu izpostavljeni ravni hrupa, ki je enaka ali višja od
Provisions aimed at avoiding or reducing exposure to noise
Določbe za preprečevanje ali zmanjševanje izpostavljenosti hrupu ljenosti hrupu, na primer svojim delavcem nuditi preventivni avdiometrični pregled.
If the lower exposure action values is exceeded
Če so spodnje opozorilne vrednosti izpostavljenosti presežene:
The employer must:
Mora delodajalec:
Directive 2003/10/EC is much more precise in this field because it gives the employer some indications to be taken into account in preventing or reducing exposure.
Direktiva 2003/10/ES je na tem področju veliko bolj natančna, saj daje delodajalcu navodila, ki jih je treba upoštevati pri preprečevanju ali zmanjševanju izpostavljenosti.
It always gives preference to collective measures over individual protective measures.
Vedno daje prednost kolektivnim ukrepom pred individualnimi zaščitnimi ukrepi.
Similarly, Directive 2003/10/EC envisages provisions so that the employer can take immediate measures in the case where exposure limit values have been exceeded.
Direktiva 2003/10/ES podobno predvideva določbe, ki delodajalcu omogočajo takojšnje ukrepanje, če so mejne vrednosti izpostavljenosti presežene.
•Inform the workers (Article 8)•Train the workers (Article 8)•Make available individual hearing protectors to workers (Article 6, § 1 (a))•Oer the workers a preventive audiometric examination (Article 10, § 2)
•Obvestiti delavce (člen 8)•Usposabljati delavce (člen 8)•Dati delavcem na voljo osebno varovalno opremo za varovanje sluha (člen 6(1)(a))•Nuditi delavcem preventivni avdiometrični pregled (člen 10(2))
(Article 5)
(člen 5)
Determination and assessment of risks
Določitev in ocena tveganj
The employer must take account of technical developments and shall establish and implement a programme of technical and/or organisational measures
Delodajalec mora upoštevati tehnični razvoj ter vzpostaviti in izvajati program tehničnih in/ali organizacijskih ukrepov
Elements to be taken into consideration
Elementi, ki jih je treba upoštevati:
The new Directive 2003/10/EC envisages specific provisions on the determination and assessment of risks by the employers.
Nova Direktiva 2003/10/ES predvideva posebne določbe o določitvi in oceni tveganj s strani delodajalca.
However, Directive 86/188/EEC was not sufficiently clear on these aspects, especially on exposure level and type, limit values, direct and indirect effects on workers’ health, advice from equipment manufacturers on noise emissions, the existence of replacement equipment, health surveillance, problems of interaction between noise and ototoxic substances, or between noise and vibration, or between noise and alarm signals intended to prevent accidents, etc.
Vendar pa Direktiva 86/188/EGS glede teh vidikov ni bila dovolj jasna, zlasti glede ravni izpostavljenosti in vrste, mejnih vrednosti, neposrednih in posrednih učinkov na zdravje delavcev, napotkov proizvajalcev opreme glede emisij hrupa, obstoja nadomestne opreme, zdravstvenega nadzora, problemov zaradi medsebojnega vplivanja hrupa in ototoksičnih snovi ali hrupa in vibracij ali hrupa in alarmnih signalov, namenjenih preprečevanju nesreč itd.
•Alternative working methods•Choice of appropriate work equipment•Design of workplace•Information and training for workers•Technical means to reduce airborne and structural noise•Maintenance programmes for the work equipment•Work organisation•Signage•Provision of personal protective equipment (PPE)
•Alternativne delovne metode•Izbira primerne delovne opreme •Zasnova delovnega mesta •Obveščanje in usposabljanje delavcev•Tehnični ukrepi za zmanjševanje hrupa v zraku in strukturnega hrupa •Vzdrževalni programi za delovno opremo•Organizacija dela •Označevanje•Zagotovitev osebne varovalne opreme (OVO)
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Osebna varovalna oprema (OVO):
When an identifiable case of deterioration is detected, workers are informed and the employer must reassess the risks and measures to eliminate or reduce risks.
Kadar je odkrit primer poslabšanja stanja, so delavci o tem obveščeni, delodajalec pa mora ponovno oceniti tveganja in ukrepe za odpravo ali zmanjšanje tveganj.
By contrast, Directive 86/188/EEC was less stringent, especially with regard to the type of examinations and the exposure levels, as well as the reassessment of risks and measures to be taken.
V nasprotju s tem je bila Direktiva 86/188/EGS manj stroga, zlasti glede vrste pregledov in ravni izpostavljenosti, pa tudi glede ponovnega ocenjevanja tveganj in potrebnih ukrepov.
Directive 2003/10/EC is very clear on this aspect.
Direktiva 2003/10/ES je glede tega zelo jasna.
‘If other means cannot be used to prevent risks due to exposure to noise’, the Directive permits the use of personal hearing protectors as a last resort in order to observe the exposure limit value.
„Če tveganj zaradi izpostavljenosti hrupu ni mogoče preprečiti drugače“, Direktiva dovoljuje uporabo osebne opreme za varovanje sluha kot zadnjo možnost za upoštevanje mejne vrednosti izpostavljenosti.
These must be made available by the employer to the workers and must comply with the provisions of Directive 89/656/EEC15and Directive 89/391/EEC, without prejudice to Directive 89/686/EEC16relating to the essential manufacturing conditions of PPE.
Opremo mora delavcem zagotoviti delodajalec in mora ustrezati določbam Direktive 89/656/EGS15in Direktive 89/391/EGS, brez poseganja v Direktivo 89/686/EGS16 o bistvenih pogojih izdelave OVO.
•Workers can benet from a hearing check if expo-
•Delavci imajo pravico do pregleda sluha, če iz-
Personal protective equipment sure exceeds 85 dB(A) and/or ρ
(člen 6) postavljenost preseže 85 dB(A) in/ali ρ
•Workers can benet from a preventive audiomet- ric examination if exposure exceeds 80 dB(A) and/
•Delavci imajo pravico do preventivnega avdiometričnega pregleda, če izpostavljenost
If other means cannot be used to prevent risks due to exposure to noise, the employer must provide his workers individual hearing protectors
Če za preprečevanje tveganj zaradi izpostavljenosti hrupu ni mogoče uporabiti drugih ukrepov, mora delodajalec delavcem zagotoviti osebno varovalno opremo za varovanje sluha
•When exposure exceeds the lower action values the employer provides his workers with ear protectors•When exposure is equal to or greater than the upper actions values workers must wear individual hearing protectors•Must be capable of eliminating the risk or reducing it as far as possible
•Če izpostavljenost presega „spodnje opozorilne vrednosti“, delodajalec delavcem zagotovi opremo za varovanje sluha •Če je izpostavljenost enaka ali večja od „zgornjih opozorilnih vrednosti“, morajo delavci nositi osebno varovalno opremo za varovanje sluha •Oprema lahko odpravi tveganje ali pa ga zmanjša na najnižjo možno raven
Directive 2003/10/EC applies to all activity sectors without exception.
Direktiva 2003/10/ES se brez izjem uporablja za vse sektorje dejavnosti.
Nonetheless, in exceptional circumstances, Member States can grant waivers on provisions relating to the use of personal protective equipment.
Kljub temu pa lahko države članice v izjemnih okoliščinah dovolijo odstopanja od določb v zvezi z uporabo osebne varovalne opreme.
These waivers could be granted on condition that the risks are reduced to the minimum and that the workers affected are subject to additional health surveillance.
Ta odstopanja se lahko odobrijo pod pogojem, da je tveganje zmanjšano na najnižjo možno raven in da so izpostavljeni delavci deležni dodatnega zdravstvenega nadzora.
These waivers will be re-examined every four years and Member States must send the Commission the list of waivers granted.
Ta odstopanja se ponovno preverijo vsaka štiri leta, države članice pa morajo Komisiji poslati seznam dovoljenih odstopanj.
Derogations
Odstopanja:
(Article 11)
(člen 11)