natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
is trend favours the involvement of a greater number of European ports in global markets. e container ports which experienced the strongest growth in 2006 were all small or medium-sized, and were spread across the continent. e sector is therefore becoming increasingly diversified in terms of the number of ports involved and their roles and services, which offers charterers more choice in terms of routes.
To delo bo spremljalo delo, ki so ga opravili nekateri evropski grozdi, da bi olajšali prenos ukrepov, ki so jih izvedle najrazvitejše regije (nordijske države, Združeno kraljestvo, Avstrija, Španija, Severna Italija ...), v regije in države članice, v katerih so mreže podjetij še vedno slabo razvite. Seveda bodo pomorski grozdi imeli korist od teh pobud in ukrepov, ki jih bo izvedla Evropska opazovalnica.
In order to respond to this growth, the European ports must invest more in new handling capacity and have reliable connections to their hinterland.
Na področju raziskav so nekateri grozdi, ki so usmerjeni k tem dejavnostim, upravičeni do financiranja iz Okvirnega programa Evropske unije, zlasti prek pilotnega projekta „Regije znanja”.
However, one of the main obstacles is the legal uncertainty concerning the implementation of European environmental standards.
Cilj te podpore je razviti raziskovalne zmogljivosti regij in te iste dejavnosti vključiti v regionalne strategije razvoja.
Redevelopment of ports e modern port appeared in the United Kingdom at the beginning of the 19th century.
Ne nazadnje grozdi lahko računajo na precejšnjo podporo evropske kohezijske politike.
In terms of infrastructure, engineering and handling and management techniques, ports such as London and Liverpool were the forerunners that provided inspiration for competitors in the rest of Europe.
Med naložbami, ki se bodo izvedle v obdobju med letoma 2007 in 2013, se inovacije pojavljajo kot prednostni sektor za vse regije in države članice: vlaganje v inovacije omogoča zagotavljanje trajnostne gospodarske rasti, za dosego tega cilja pa je razvoj grozdov eden od načinov, ki jih imajo regije na voljo.
In a way, history repeated itself 150 years later, when in 1981, with its Docklands development, London opened the way for the redevelopment of former port areas throughout Europe.
Strateške smernice Skupnosti o koheziji(1), ki jih je oktobra 2006 sprejel Evropski svet, podrobneje določajo, da bodo morale naložbe, ki se bodo izvedle na področju raziskav in razvoja, zlasti omogočati „okrepitev sodelovanja med podjetji ter med podjetji in javnimi raziskovalnimi ustanovami/terciarnimi izobraževalnimi ustanovami, na primer s podpiranjem oblikovanja regionalnih in transregionalnih grozdov odličnosti”.
Even though the projects may differ, they all have something in common - the restitution of abandoned or neglected port areas to create office space, residential accommodation and leisure facilities, with port activities being carried out on the periphery, some distance from the centre.
To se nesporno nanaša na obalne regije in grozde, ki jih bodo razvile v pomorskem sektorju.
A good example of this kind of transition is the “HafenCity” project in Hamburg. e income generated from the sale of buildings located directly on the waterside in the old port close to the city centre has financed the state-of-the-art container terminal in Altenwerder on the south bank of the river Elbe.
Še vedno v okviru evropske kohezijske politike bo pobuda „Regije za gospodarsko spremembo” (glej okvir) prek mrež sodelovanja, ki vključujejo regionalne organe, omogočila tudi razvoj celotnega potenciala, ki ga imajo grozdi.
Seven hundred ports handle less than one million tonnes of cargo annually.
Evropska unija želi od leta 2005 naprej vzpostaviti celostno pomorsko politiko. S tem novim zanimanjem za pomorske
e sea ports - poles of growth for Europe is re-appropriation of seafront and river bank areas, which has taken place throughout Europe, has often divided cities from their ports.
Zaradi tega je prišlo do ustanovitve „Jantarjevega grozda”, ki združuje vse zadevne akterje v sektorju: obrtnike in podjetja za izdelovanje nakita in lepotnih izdelkov iz jantarja, lokalne in regionalne skupnosti, Inštitut za tržno gospodarstvo in Družbo za mednarodne sejme iz Gdańska (ki vsako leto organizira sejma „Ambertif” in „Ambermart”), muzeje, univerze, skupine in druga združenja, povezane s sektorjem.
In many cases, visitors would not immediately notice that they were in a city that was home to a major European port.
Namen tega pola konkurenčnosti, ki združuje tradicijo, inovacije in sodelovanje, je povečati vrednost surovine z vidika količine in kakovosti, razširiti in okrepiti možnosti za prodajo izdelkov iz jantarja ter razviti turizem, ki bo temeljil na tem dragocenem viru.
More often than not, they will only see an expanse of water occasionally crossed by barges and pleasure boats, quays converted into promenades, docks which have become home to tourist attractions and old warehouses transformed into loft conversions.
Kot pravijo njegovi pobudniki, gre za to, da Pomeranija postane „Jantarjeva dežela”, Gdańsk pa „Jantarjeva prestolnica”.
Many European ports have experienced a sharp increase in activity over the course of the past twenty years. is trend looks set to continue, in particular for container transport, where strong growth should be sustained. is is on account of the rapid expansion of the Asian markets and, in particular, imports from China.
Kontaktni naslov: Krystyna Wróblewskadirektorica, Služba za mednarodno sodelovanje, Urad maršala Vojvodine Pomeranije.k.wroblewska@woj-pomorskie.pl
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Regions at the heart of European maritime policy
Regije v osrčju evropske pomorske politike dejavnosti se je izpostavil njihov gospodarski pomen in njihova medsebojna povezanost; prav tako se je opozorilo na prispevek teh industrij k evropski rasti in njihove potrebe na področju inovacij.
However, more and more port managers are beginning to ask themselves whether this policy is sustainable. e first problem is space, because the anticipated rates of growth in maritime transport will require increasing handling capacity.
Zaradi vsega tega bo Unija še naprej podpirala razvoj inovativnih pomorskih grozdov, zlasti s svojimi raziskovalnimi in kohezijskimi politikami ter svojimi ukrepi v korist podjetij in industrije na splošno.
A lack of available land and considerable environmental pressure limit the expansion of ports, which often forces the port authorities to return to city centres to redevelop former port areas for current port activities.
Grozdi so lahko ključni instrument velikopotezne pomorske politike, saj hkrati omogočajo konkretne rezultate na področju tehnoloških inovacij in gospodarski razvoj ozemelj.
Another significant problem is the “Not in My Back Yard” syndrome, which makes it difficult to locate ports near residential areas.
Formula, ki jo je uveljavila pobuda „Regije za gospodarsko spremembo”
It is, however, an unavoidable process for many ports that requires effort from both sides. e port authorities must make sure that their port is kept as clean, discreet and safe as possible, while the citizens must understand that the port is important to their standard of living and general well being.
Od leta 2008 naprej bodo obmorske regije EU imele možnost sodelovanja v mreži v okviru pobude „Regije za gospodarsko spremembo”.
Only under these conditions can a real revitalisation of Europe’s port cities be achieved.
Te dejavnosti v mreži, ki jih bo podpiral novi program medregionalnega sodelovanja INTERREG IVC, bodo organizirane v sklopu 30 prednostnih tem, od katerih sta dve posebej pomembni za razvoj pomorskih grozdov: „Bolje izkoristiti morja in oceane” in „Izboljšati sposobnosti regij na področju raziskav in inovacij”.
To encourage local residents to look more favourably on port activities, the port must firstly be made more visible to the general public.
Zamisel je, da regije najprej prepoznajo in v mrežo povežejo svoje najboljše projekte glede na teh 30 prednostnih tem.
In this respect, there are many ways, which have largely been ignored, of creating partnerships with tourism, leisure, culture and heritage sectors to familiarise citizens with the port and maritime transport environment.
Nato pa razširijo delo v mreži na tiste, ki sprejemajo politične odločitve, strokovnjake in zadevne organe, da se lahko iz teh projektov ugotovijo nova spoznanja ter se vključijo v operativne programe kohezijske politike.
In the age of the International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS) and other safety measures, this is a challenge that requires a certain degree of creativity on the part of the port authorities.
Najboljše proaktivne tematske mreže pri razširjanju in vklj učevanju rezultatov bodo upravičene do stalne pomoči (v obliki strokovnega znanja in storitev), ki jo bo Evropska komisija zagotovila v okviru pobude „hitre možnosti”.
On 18 October 2007, the European Commission published a new communication on the European ports policy(2).
Razvoj kontejnerskega pristanišča v Las Palmasu (Kanarski otoki, Španija)
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Regions at the heart of European maritime policy
Obnova pomola v pristanišču Mersrags
Maritime clusters - where innovation and regional development meet
Skupni stroški: 2 000 000 EUR Prispevek EU: 1 300 000 EUR
By Patrick Bernard-Brunet(1) (1)
Skupni stroški: 200 000 EUR Prispevek EU: 170 000 EUR
Maritime clusters can be a key instrument in an ambitious maritime policy, producing results in technological innovation and the economic development of the territories.
Skupna dolžina strukture se bo podaljšala na 430 metrov, kar bo omogočilo, da se bo lahko sprejelo več tovora ter se tako razvila regija in lokalno gospodarstvo.
with the objectives of the Lisbon Strategy, which recognises the importance of innovation policies.
„Pomanjkanje podatkov in zapletena topografija otočja otežujeta predvidevanje gibanja valov, plimovanja in tokov okoli Azorov.
e term cluster refers to a grouping of companies from the same sector often located in the same employment basin.
Sanda Rieksta, vodja enote za informiranje, Oddelek za evropske sklade www.esfondi.lv
More specifically, according to Michael E. Porter of Harvard University, a cluster is “a concentration of interconnected companies, specialised suppliers, service providers and associated institutions (universities, trade associations).”
Ana Martins, odgovorna oseba za projekt, Oddelek za oceanografijo in ribištvo, Univerza na Azorih anamartins@notes.horta.uac.pthttp://oceano.horta.uac.pt
Different forms of clustering
ESTONIJA Ureditev plaže v Pärnu
As well as being driving forces of innovation, the clusters also enable European Union maritime know-how to be maintained at regional level, as, by definition, they bring together players from industry and professional training.
„Pärnu (44.000 prebivalcev) je s svojo geografsko lego, starodavno arhitekturo in svojo kulturno dejavnostjo najbolj znan kopališki kraj v Estoniji.
For this reason, the development of clusters must be accompanied by investment in education and maritime training.
Z dokončanjem novega sprehajališča, urejenega vzdolž plaže, se je, zahvaljujoč Evropskemu skladu za regionalni razvoj, posodobila podoba kraja, zaradi česar je postal še bolj privlačen kot turistična destinacija.”
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Finland’s maritime cluster irteen clusters have been created in Finland within the framework of the “Centres for Expertise Programme” implemented by the Council of State for the period 2007-2013.
„Prihodnja evropska pomorska politika bo hkrati regionalna in svetovna”
Bringing together industrialists and researchers at the highest level, five centres of expertise are actively involved in this cluster, which is coordinated by Koneteknologiakeskus Turku Oy. e centres are in south-east Finland, south-west Finland, western Finland and Satakunta, as well as the centre for expertise in metallurgy of Bothnia.
Podnebne spremembe, energetske potrebe in globalizacija so se pod pritiskom dogodkov nenadoma pojavile na političnem dnevnem redu Unije.
Contact: Mervi Pitkänen, programme directormervi.pitkanen@koneteknologiakeskus.fi e cluster strategy aims to foster the creation of innovative activities, products and services; to improve productivity and networking; to increase the supply of qualified labour. is involves attempting to encourage investment in research and development and improving the skill levels of companies, the exchange and centralisation of information, the organisation of specific measures, the internationalisation of and cooperation between SMEs.
Kako upoštevati te spremembe, katere strategije izdelati za zaščito prebivalstva in oživitev ozemelj? 68 000 kilometrov evropske obale je izredno dejavno območje, na eni strani zaradi njegovega gospodarskega življenja in na drugi zaradi obsega njegovega prebivalstva, ki predstavlja 50 % vseh prebivalcev. Seveda to sproža določeno število varnostnih težav za prihodnost, če se bodo potrdili dvig gladine morja in vedno večje število podnebnih dogodkov, kot so cunamiji, cikloni in neurja, ki redno ogrožajo življenje milijonov ljudi.
e European Union encourages the development of maritime clusters in several ways.
Na gospodarski ravni je treba pri tej prilagoditvi upoštevati zmožnosti rasti in zaposlovanja na obalnih območjih: samo turizem na obalnih območjih, na primer, prispeva 5 % BDP in vsako leto zabeleži 3-odstotno rast.
Firstly, in 2005 the European Commission took part in the creation of the technology platform WATERBORNE (1) , which brings together the main players in maritime transport. e objective is to define through focus groups (shipbuilding, navigation, systems, safety), a long-term vision in a sector where development depends on significant technological progress. is platform also aims to bring European maritime research priorities into line with the requirements of industry (supporting clusters is part of this).
Ne smemo pozabiti na 1200 celinskih pristanišč, ki so vir, ki ga je treba izkoristiti, kakor tudi obnovljive vire energije, ki jih bo na obalah vedno v izobilju zaradi vetra, sonca ali plimovanja.
Furthermore, through the EUROPE INNOVA(2)initiative, the European Commission has initiated a project mapping European clusters. e objective is to provide, between now and the end of 2007, a pan-European map for all Member States that identifies the initiatives carried out concerning clustering at both regional and national level.
Regije, ki so članice Konference obrobnih morskih regij, so tesno vključene v razprave o morski politiki v Evropi, saj so predlagale več zamisli, da se na gospodarski ravni okrepi evropski morski potencial in se uvede nov razvojni vzorec, ki bo temeljil na načelih trajnostnega razvoja in celovitega upravljanja obalnih območij.
Ferry in the port of Kiel (Germany).
Zadovoljne so s pozitivnimi točkami, ki jih vsebuje „Modra knjiga o celostni pomorski politiki Evropske unije”:
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Regions at the heart of European maritime policy
Prestrukturiranje in celostni razvoj v Asturiji (Španija)
Pomerania, “Amberland” e coastline of Pomerania (Poland) is rich in amber, the fossilised oleoresin secreted by conifers around forty million years ago.
Asturijska regija, ki se sooča s prestrukturiranjem glavnih sektorjev svojega gospodarstva – kmetijstvo, ribištvo, železarstvo –, namerava izkoristiti adute svoje obale (naravne, kulturne in človeške), da bi zagotovila njen (ponovni) razvoj. To je ves smisel regionalne pomorske strategije.
e Commission has also launched a number of networks in the field of research and innovation, many of which aim to ensure the exchange of good practices.
„Ključ našega uspeha je, da tudi podjetja štejejo obalo za zaklad Asturije,“ je zadovoljen Manuel Carrero de Roa, ki ponosno pokaže čudovito plažo Penarronda ob vznožju pečin.
However, these networks may in time result in the emergence of transnational clusters.
Manuel je eden od petih urbanistov - prostorskih načrtovalcev pri „POLA“, tj.
Clusters and cohesion
Penarrondo julija in avgusta obišče na tisoče oseb.
Finally, clusters can rely on significant support from the European cohesion policy.
Dokler nismo uredili teh stez in parkirišča, ki ga vidite tam, so vsi parkirali na teh peščenih tleh, skoraj na plaži.
In fact, of all the investment that will be made in the period 2007-2013, innovation would appear to be a priority sector for all the regions and Member States - investing in innovation will help to ensure sustainable economic growth and to achieve this objective, the development of clusters is one of the means available to e creation of a “cluster of amber” brings together all the players involved in the process: craftsmen and manufacturers of amber-based jewellery and beauty products, local and regional associations, the institute of market economy and the Gdansk society of international fairs (which organises the “Amberif” and “Ambermart” exhibitions each year), museums, universities, and other organisations associated with the sector.
Zdaj morajo ljudje hoditi nekaj sto metrov, a narava je dobila nazaj svoje pravice; opazimo celo, da se obnavljajo sipine in ponovno pojavljajo tipično obalne rastline, kot je obalno trsje vrste Ammophila arenaria.“
Combining tradition, innovation and cooperation, this pole of competitiveness principally aims to enhance the value of the raw material in terms of quality and quantity, to extend and consolidate the outlets for amber products and to develop tourism based on this precious resource.
Načrt, ki deluje od leta 2005 in ki ga je leta 2006 nagradil Evropski svet urbanistov, je plod regionalnega ukrepa, ki so se ga lotili v začetku devetdesetih let prejšnjega stoletja in ki je bil prvotno namenjen obnovi in zaščiti največjega možnega števila naravnih krajin na 500-metrskem pasu vzdolž približno 400 kilometrov asturijske obale.
As those behind the project say, it’s about turning Pomerania into Amberland and making Gdansk the “capital of amber.”
Kljub temu je bil čas za ukrepanje: z novimi cestami je Madrid postal oddaljen manj kot štiri ure od tu in število počitniških hiš se je v nekaj letih močno povečalo. Vendar zahvaljujoč POLA imamo zdaj
Contact: Krystyna Wróblewska,director of the international cooperation service, office of the marshal of the province of Zachodniopomorskiek.wroblewska@woj-pomorskie.pl
(1) Med letoma 2003 in 2006 je Kneževina Asturija vodila projekt „Coastatlantic“, pri katerem je sodelovalo 11 drugih evropskih regij na temo celostnega upravljanja obalnih območij (glej razdelek „INTERREG na delu“).
Car terminal in the port of Valencia (Spain).
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Regions at the heart of European maritime policy the “Regions for Economic Change” initiative (see box) will also promote, by means of networks of cooperation involving regional authorities, the development of all the potential that the clusters represent.
Regije v osrčju evropske pomorske politike instrumente, ki so potrebni za uskladitev varstva obale in trajnostnega turizma.“
Still within the framework of the European cohesion policy,
Izobraževanje novih uslužbencev v Cudilleru
A system enhanced by the “Regions for Economic Change” initiative
Turizem je ena od glavnih rešitev regije za zagotovitev njenega ponovnega razvoja.
Since 2005, the European Union has demonstrated a willingness to introduce an integrated maritime policy. is new interest in maritime activities has highlighted their economic importance as well as their degree of interconnection.
To je zlasti opazno v Luancu (5 000 prebivalcev), ki je bil do zdaj hkrati ribiško pristanišče in železarsko središče.
It has also underlined the contribution of these industries to European growth and their requirements in terms of innovation.
„Ti dve dejavnosti sta v prestrukturiranju, vendar smo glede na bližino rta Peñas in našega položaja na pol poti med Avilesom in Gijónom v zelo dobrem položaju za razvoj turizma in s tem povezanih dejavnosti,“ potrdi direktor Občinske službe za usposabljanje in zaposlovanje Victor Cuervo.
For all these reasons, the European Union will continue to support the development of innovative maritime clusters, in particular through its research and cohesion policies and its measures to promote business and industry in general. e clusters could well be the key instrument of an ambitious maritime policy, delivering good results in terms of both technological innovation and the economic development of the territories.
Program vključuje zlasti: ustanovitev turističnih podjetij (s sredstvi pobude EQUAL), povečanje števila podeželskih nastanitvenih objektov (s sredstvi programa LEADER+), ureditev marine (s sredstvi ESRR in INTERREG) in strokovno usposabljanje (800 000 eurov na leto, ki jih sofinancira Evropski socialni sklad), da bi se odzvali na turistično povpraševanje.
From 2008, the EU’s maritime regions will have the opportunity to cooperate within networks in the framework of the “Regions for Economic Change” initiative.
„Tu ne gre za korenito spremembo,“ pojasni direktor Centra za agroživilsko usposabljanje v Luancu Constantino Roces.
Supported by the new interregional cooperation programme INTERREG IVC, these networking activities will be organised on the basis of 30 priority themes of which two are particularly relevant to the development of maritime clusters: “Reaping the benefits of the sea” and “Improving the capacity of the regions for research and innovation.” e idea is that, in a first phase, the regions identify and network their best projects according to these 30 priority themes. en, in a second phase, they hand over the networking work to the policymakers, experts and bodies concerned so that lessons can be learned from these projects and integrated into the operational programmes of the cohesion policy.
„Nobene potrebe ni, da bi na novo izumili kolo: z našimi usposabljanji samo večamo raznolikost in poglabljamo tradicionalne dejavnosti in znanje: prodaja rib in morskih proizvodov, industrija konzerv, pekarstvo-slaščičarstvo, kuhinja, ki sloni na lokalnih proizvodih …“ In rezultati so tu: „okoli 80 % pripravnikov najde zaposlitev po koncu usposabljanja.
e best thematic networks that are proactive in distributing and integrating the results will benefit from continued assistance – in terms of expertise and services – which the European Commission will provide within the framework of the “fast-track option” of the initiative.
Na nekaterih smereh usposabljanja, zlasti za prodajo rib in morskih proizvodov, ponudba ne dosega povpraševanja,“ pove profesorica biologije na Centru Ines Lombas.
For further information visit: http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/cooperation/interregional/ecochange/index_en.cfm
Do skromnejše naložbe, a podobnega ukrepa je prišlo nedaleč stran, pri Mariscosu Oviñanu, predelovalcu morskih proizvodov visoke kakovosti, ki gradi novo, bolj prostorno zgradbo.
Development of the container port of Las Palmas (Canary Islands, Spain).
„Dosegli smo meje naših zmogljivosti,“ pripoveduje lastnik podjetja Dionisio Otamendi.
(1) http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docoffic/2007/osc/index_en.htm c/2007/osc/index_en.htm o 23 _BAR_
V obeh primerih se izkoriščajo strukturni skladi in drugi evropski instrumenti.
Renovation of a jetty at the port of Mersrags
Ukrep, ki je zapisan v dokumentu z naslovom „MAREA - La MAR, una estrategia para Asturias“, je plod obsežnega posvetovanja, pri katerem je sodelovalo kakih sto organizacij in državljanov v prvi polovici leta 2007.
Total cost: 2 000 000 EUREU contribution: 1 300 000 EUR
Dobro upravljanje
Total cost: 200 000 EUREU contribution: 170 000 EUR
Cilji in prednostne naloge