natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Following the inclusion of 26,000 ha of alvar habitats in the Natura 2000 Network, the regional nature conservation authority worked closely with the local farming community to develop an agrienvironment scheme specically designed for the alvar.
Po vključitvi 26 000 ha habitatov alvar v omrežje Natura 2000 je regionalni organ za ohranjanje narave tesno sodeloval z lokalno kmetijsko skupnostjo, da je razvil kmetijsko-okoljsko shemo, posebej prirejeno za alvar.
As a result 85% of Stora Alvaret is being grazed again and the farmers are receiving over €2 million a year in payments.
Zato zdaj na 85 % ravnine Stora Alvaret ponovno poteka paša, kmetje pa prejemajo več kot dva milijona EUR plačil na leto.
New marketing opportunities are also opening up for their products, not least from the greater inux of tourists attracted to the island’s unique natural and cultural heritage.
Prav tako se odpirajo nove možnosti trženja njihovih proizvodov, tudi zaradi večjega števila turistov, ki jih privablja edinstvena naravna in kulturna dediščina otoka.
Natura 2000 designation does not mean that all forests have to be systematically taken out of production, but activities may need to be adjusted to ensure they do not threaten the rare species and habitats present
Določitev območja Natura 2000 ne pomeni, da se morajo vsi gozdovi sistematično prenehati izkoriščati, ampak je morda treba prilagoditi dejavnosti in tako zagotoviti, da ne ogrožajo redkih vrst in habitatov.
Europe’s forest resource
Gozdarstvo in Natura 2000
Managing forests in Natura 2000
Gospodarjenje z gozdovi v okviru Nature 2000
Natura 2000 includes both natural forests and managed semi-natural forests.
Natura 2000 vključuje naravne gozdove in upravljane polnaravne gozdove.
Today, around a third of the European territory is covered in forest, although the extent varies signicantly between Member States (up to 72% in Finland and down to 8% in Ireland).
Danes približno tretjino evropskega ozemlja pokriva gozd, čeprav je njegov obseg v državah članicah zelo različen (do 72 % na Finskem in le 8 % na Irskem).
As in agriculture, Natura 2000 designation does not mean that all forests have to be systematically taken out of commercial production.
Tako kot v kmetijstvu določitev območij Natura 2000 v gozdarstvu ne pomeni, da se morajo vsi gozdovi sistematično prenehati uporabljati za komercialno proizvodnjo.
Existing management practices should nevertheless take account of the natural values present, in particular the species and habitats for which the site has been designated.
Pri obstoječih praksah upravljanja je treba kljub temu upoštevati naravne vrednote, zlasti vrste in habitate, za katere je bilo območje določeno.
The majority is termed“available for wood supply”and is subject to varying degrees of intensity in human use.
Večina ima oznako„na voljo za oskrbo z lesom“, zanjo pa so značilne različne stopnje intenzivnosti človekove rabe.
Like agriculture, the trend over the last fifty years has been towards intensication and the use of exotic trees.
Kot v kmetijstvu je tudi v gozdarstvu trend v zadnjih petdesetih letih intenzifikacija in uporaba eksotičnih dreves.
The EU is now the second largest paper and sawn wood producer in the world.
EU je zdaj druga največja proizvajalka papirja in žaganega lesa na svetu.
Europe’s forests are however also important for many other reasons: they prevent erosion, they store water and carbon, and they have a high recreational and amenity value.
Gozdovi Evrope so kljub temu pomembni tudi iz mnogih drugih razlogov: preprečujejo erozijo, zadržujejo vodo in ogljik, njihova rekreacijska vrednost in uporabnost pa sta visoki.
Adjustments could be relatively simple, like leaving dead wood on the ground or protecting certain trees which contain rare bird’s nests, or they could be more complex, like introducing selective felling on a long rotation or removing exotics and planting native deciduous trees in their place.
Prilagoditve bi lahko bile razmeroma enostavne, na primer puščanje odmrlih dreves na tleh ali zaščita nekaterih dreves, na katerih so gnezda redkih ptic, lahko pa bi bile tudi bolj zapletene, na primer uvedba selektivne sečnje z dolgimi prostorskimi redi ali odstranitev eksotičnih dreves in zasaditev domačih listopadnih dreves namesto njih.
In addition, they have a particularly rich biodiversity.
Poleg tega vsebujejo zelo bogato biotsko raznovrstnost.
Because of their structural complexity and diversity, they are an ideal habitat for a wide array of plants and animals, and a natural refuge for large carnivores, such as bears, eagles and wolves, which once roamed freely across Europe’s wooded landscape.
Zaradi svoje strukturne zapletenosti in raznovrstnosti so odličen habitat za številne rastline in živali ter naravno pribežališče za velike mesojede živali, kot so medvedi, orli in volkovi, ki so se nekoč prosto gibali po gozdnati pokrajini Evrope.
Much will depend on the local conditions of the forest, and the species and habitats present.
Veliko bo odvisno od lokalnih značilnosti gozda ter vrst in habitatov.
Again, it is best that the decisions over the long term management are made on a case by case basis in close consultation with the local stakeholders and landowners concerned.
Prav tako je dobro, da se odločitve o dolgoročnem upravljanju sprejemajo za vsak primer posebej po tesnem posvetovanju z lokalnimi zainteresiranimi stranmi in zadevnimi lastniki zemljišč.
Typical examples of ancient natural forests include, amongst others, the western taiga forests of Finland and Sweden, the virgin beech and holm oak forests of central Europe, and Portuguese oak or juniper forests of the Mediterranean.
Značilni primeri starih naravnih gozdov so med drugim zahodna tajga na Finskem in Švedskem, pragozdovi bukve in črnike v srednji Evropi ter gozdovi portugalskega hrasta ali brina v Sredozemlju.
To assist in this process, EU funding is available under the new Rural Development Regulation (2007–2013) for privately owned forests within Natura 2000.
Za pomoč pri tem procesu so v okviru nove uredbe o razvoju podeželja (2007–2013) za gozdove v zasebni lasti na območjih Natura 2000 na voljo sredstva EU.
New forest-environment measures have also been introduced.
Uvedeni so bili tudi novi gozdno okoljski ukrepi.
Similar to the agrienvironment schemes, these provide additional financial support for voluntary naturefriendly forestry practices.
Podobno kot kmetijsko okoljske sheme ti zagotavljajo dodatno finančno podporo za prostovoljne naravi prijazne gozdarske prakse.
Unfortunately, few of these virgin forests have survived into the 21st Century.
Žal se je le malo teh pragozdov ohranilo do 21. stoletja.
What remains is generally very restricted in range and highly fragmented, which is why they have been included in the Habitats Directive.
Na splošno se je ohranil zelo majhen del, ki je zelo razdrobljen, zaradi česar so ti pragozdovi vključeni v direktivo o habitatih.
Forest management contracts in France
Pogodbe o gospodarjenju z gozdovi v Franciji
France harbours half the forest habitat types listed in Annex I of the Habitats Directive.
V Franciji je polovica gozdnih habitatnih tipov iz priloge I k direktivi o habitatih.
As a result over 40% of the Natura 2000 sites proposed for France have a forest component.The majority is in private ownership – not big forestry companies but small private landowners with an average parcel size of 4 ha.
Zato ima več kot 40 % območij Natura 2000, predlaganih za Francijo, gozdno sestavino. Večina jih je v zasebni lasti,vendar ne v lasti velikih gozdarskih družb, ampak malih zasebnih lastnikov zemljišč s povprečno velikostjo parcele 4 ha.
In light of this, France has chosen a legal mechanism based on voluntary cooperation at the very local level to help implement Natura 2000.Thus, for each Natura 2000 site, management guidelines are drawn up, under the supervision of the local authority, to determine the specific conservation needs of that site and the practical measures (including funds) required.
Ob upoštevanju tega je Francija za pomoč pri izvajanju Nature 2000 izbrala pravni mehanizem, ki temelji na prostovoljnem sodelovanju na lokalni ravni. Zato se za vsako območje Natura 2000 pod nadzorom lokalnega organa pripravijo smernice za gospodarjenje, da se določijo posebne potrebe v zvezi z ohranjanjem tega območja in potrebni praktični ukrepi (vključno s finančnimi sredstvi).
The resulting recommendations are then discussed at a formal Steering Committee set up to involve local stakeholders, before being adopted by local Decree.The local authority and stakeholders are assisted in this task by a comprehensive forest habitat reference guide produced by the French Ministry of Environment which provides detailed information on the conservation interests of each of the forest types and associated species as well as their production capacities and economic use.
O izhajajočih priporočilih se nato razpravlja v uradnem usmerjevalnem odboru, ustanovljenem za vključitev lokalnih zainteresiranih strani, potem pa so ta priporočila sprejeta z lokalnim odlokom. Pri tej nalogi si lokalni organ in zainteresirane strani pomagajo z obsežnimi referenčnimi smernicami v zvezi z gozdnim habitatom, ki jih pripravi francosko ministrstvo za okolje in ki zagotavljajo podrobne informacije o interesih ohranjanja vseh gozdnih tipov in z njimi povezanih vrst ter njihovih proizvodnih zmogljivostih in gospodarski rabi.
This helps to determine appropriate levels of commercial forestry activities.
To pomaga določiti ustrezne ravni komercialnih gospodarskih dejavnosti.
Once the management guidelines are in place and depending on the kind of extra management required, the local authority can issue public service contracts, called Natura 2000 contracts, to remunerate local stakeholders for‘services rendered to the community’.The contract defines the precise tasks to be done, over a minimum of five years to maintain or restore the targeted species and forest habitats and the method of payment, be it investment subsidies or annual aid per hectare.
Ko so smernice za gospodarjenje pripravljene, lahko lokalni organ glede na vrsto potrebnega dodatnega gospodarjenja objavi javna naročila za storitve, ki se imenujejo pogodbe Natura 2000 in so namenjena lokalnim zainteresiranim stranem za„storitve, opravljene za skupnost“. Pogodba določa natančne naloge, ki jih je treba opraviti v najkrajšem obdobju petih let za vzdrževanje ali obnovitev ciljnih vrst in gozdnih habitatov, ter metodo plačila ne glede na to, ali gre za subvencije za naložbe ali letno pomoč na hektar.
These contracts are partially funded by the EU through the new Rural Development Programme, In this way, substantial financial resources can be drawn down to enable local stakeholders to actively manage forested Natura 2000 sites which might otherwise have been abandoned or cut down.
Te pogodbe delno financira EU v okviru novega programa za razvoj podeželja. Na ta način se lahko znatna finančna sredstva namenijo lokalnim zainteresiranim stranem, da se jim omogoči dejavno upravljanje gozdnih območij Natura 2000, ki bi bila sicer opuščena ali uničena.
Managing forests in Germany whilst protecting capercaillie
Gospodarjenje z gozdovi v Nemčiji in zaščita divjega petelina
The Black Forest in southern Germany is the last remaining refuge for the capercaillie in Central Europe.
Schwarzwald v južni Nemčiji je zadnje pribežališče divjega petelina v srednji Evropi.
In the 1990s, 80 km of once high yield commercial forest was taken out of production in order to allow it to revert back to a more natural state.
V devetdesetih letih 20. stoletja se je 80 km nekoč gospodarskega gozda z visokim donosom prenehalo uporabljati, da bi se lahko ponovno vzpostavilo bolj naravno stanje tega gozda.
This was, however, not good news for the capercaillie.Without management the forest became too old, uniform and dense for many woodland species and no longer provided the complex mosaic of habitat types needed for the capercaillie to survive.
Vendar to za divjega petelina ni bila najboljša rešitev. Brez gospodarjenja je gozd postal preveč star, enoličen in gost za mnoge gozdne vrste ter ni več zagotavljal zapletenega mozaika habitatnih tipov, potrebnih za preživetje divjega petelina.
The Regional Forestry Institute decided therefore to re-introduce active management to the area, based on the conservation needs of the species.
Regionalni gozdarski inštitut se je zato odločil, da na območju ponovno uvede dejavno gospodarjenje na podlagi potreb v zvezi z ohranjanjem vrste.
It concluded that not all of the forest had to be optimal habitat for the species; 30–45% would be enough, with this proportion moving gradually across the area over time.The specific management prescriptions needed to achieve this was discussed with the local foresters who were then contracted to implement them.
Ugotovil je, da ni treba, da je celoten gozd optimalen habitat vrste: dovolj bi bilo 30–45 %, pri čemer bi se ta delež sčasoma postopno premikal čez območje. O posebnih ukrepih v zvezi z gospodarjenjem, ki so potrebni, da se to doseže, se je razpravljalo z lokalnimi gozdarji, s katerimi se je nato sklenila pogodba za njihovo izvedbo.
This dynamic forest management approach was greatly appreciated by the local foresters.They could once again operate commercially in the area and much of the conservation work could be done on the sidelines of normal forest management practices.
Ta dinamičen pristop h gospodarjenju z gozdom so lokalni gozdarji zelo cenili. Na tem območju so lahko ponovno začeli izvajati komercialno dejavnost, veliko dela v zvezi z ohranjanjem pa je bilo lahko opravljenega med običajnimi praksami gospodarjenja z gozdovi.
Such was their interest that a few years later they gave their full support to a proposal to expand forested area in Natura 2000 to include the whole capercaillie metapopulation.
Njihov interes je bil tolikšen, da so čez nekaj let v celoti podprli predlog glede razširitve gozdnatega območja v Naturi 2000 za vključitev celotne metapopulacije divjega petelina.
Natura 2000 Network oers people a unique opportunity to discover and enjoy Europe’s rich natural heritage
Omrežje Natura 2000 ljudem ponuja edinstveno priložnost, da odkrivajo bogato naravno dediščino Evrope in uživajo v njej.
Recreation in nature
Rekreacija v naravi
Commission guidance on hunting
Napotki Komisije v zvezi z lovom
To facilitate the understanding of the Birds Directive as regards the practice of hunting wild birds in Europe, the Commission has produced a guidance document on the subject.
Komisija je za razumevanje direktive o pticah glede lova na prostoživeče ptice v Evropi pripravila napotke v zvezi s tem vprašanjem.
People go in search of nature for a whole variety of dierent reasons.
Ljudje želijo v naravo iz različnih razlogov.
Many are looking to relax in the peace and quiet of a scenic environment, some are keen to explore new areas, whilst others are more interested in pursuing naturebased activities such as swimming, walking, cycling, fishing or hunting…
Mnogi se želijo sprostiti v miru in tišini slikovitega okolja, nekateri želijo raziskovati nova območja, medtem ko druge bolj zanimajo dejavnosti v naravi, kot so plavanje, hoja, kolesarjenje, ribolov ali lov ...
Whatever their motivation, Natura 2000 oers people a unique opportunity to discover and enjoy Europe’s rich natural heritage.
Ne glede na njihove razloge jim Natura 2000 ponuja edinstveno priložnost, da odkrivajo bogato naravno dediščino Evrope in uživajo v njej.
Most of these recreational activities can be compatible with the provisions of the Habitats and Birds Directives so long as they do not adversely aect the habitats and species present.
Obravnavajo zlasti vprašanje časovnega okvira rekreativnega lova v skladu z direktivo o pticah ter opredeljujejo možnosti in omejitve prilagodljivosti pri določanju lovskih sezon.
In particular it looks at the issue of the timing of recreational hunting under the Birds Directive and identies the possibilities and limitations for flexibility in fixing hunting seasons.
Večina teh rekreativnih dejavnosti je lahko združljiva z določbami direktiv o habitatih in o pticah, če ne vplivajo negativno na habitate in vrste.
The key often lies in the sensitive planning and wise use of resources to ensure they do not end up destroying the very thing upon which they are based.
Rešitev sta pogosto natančno načrtovanje in razumna raba virov za zagotovitev, da te dejavnosti ne bodo uničile ravno tega, na čemer temeljijo.
The document was prepared in close consultation with both hunting and conservation groups who have since signed an Agreement on Sustainable Hunting to continue the dialogue over sustainable hunting practices.
Dokument je bil pripravljen po tesnem posvetovanju z lovskimi skupinami in skupinami za varstvo, ki so potem podpisale dogovor o trajnostnem lovu, da bi se nadaljeval dialog o trajnostnih lovskih praksah.
The Birds and Habitats Directives recognise the legitimacy of hunting as a form of sustainable use and do not a priori prohibit its practice within Natura 2000 sites.
Direktivi o pticah in o habitatih priznavata upravičenost lova kot oblike trajnostne rabe in ga na območjih Natura 2000 ne prepovedujeta vnaprej.
Instead, the Directives set a framework for controlling hunting activities to ensure there is a balance between hunting and the long term interest of maintaining healthy and viable populations of huntable species.
Namesto tega direktivi določata okvir za nadzor lovskih dejavnosti za zagotovitev ravnovesja med lovom in dolgoročnim interesom v zvezi z vzdrževanjem zdravih in za preživetje sposobnih populacij vrst, ki se lovijo.
There is an increasing body of experiences in developing sustainable tourism activities around Natura 2000.
Izkušenj z razvojem trajnostnih turističnih dejavnosti v povezavi z Naturo 2000 je vedno več.
For instance rural tourism providers in 2 pilot regions in Latvia and Andalucia have developed a series of 40 new tourism products based around Natura 2000.
Ponudniki kmečkega turizma v dveh pilotnih regijah v Latviji in Andaluziji so na primer razvili 40 novih turističnih izdelkov, ki temeljijo na Naturi 2000.
Their experiences are written up in a series of good practice guides.
Njihove izkušnje so opisane v smernicah dobre prakse.
Details are available on www.natura2000tourism.eu
Podrobnosti so na voljo na www.natura2000tourism.eu
Tourism is one of the fastest growing economic sectors in Europe.
Turizem je eden od najhitreje rastočih gospodarskih sektorjev v Evropi.
As more and more people are working fewer hours and taking shorter but more regular holidays, there is an increasing appetite for more specialised forms of tourism, such as walking in nature or wildlife watching.
Ker vedno več ljudi dela manj ur in hodi na krajše, vendar rednejše počitnice, je vedno več zanimanja za bolj specializirane oblike turizma, kot sta hoja v naravi ali opazovanje prostoživečih živalskih in rastlinskih vrst.
These alternative forms of tourism are growing almost three times faster than classic tourism markets.
Te alternativne oblike turizma se širijo skoraj trikrat hitreje kot klasični turistični trgi.
The Canaries: a paradise for nature tourists
Kanarski otoki: raj za turiste, ki preživljajo čas v naravi
Over 11 million tourists visit the Canaries every year.
Kanarske otoke vsako leto obišče več kot 11 milijonov turistov.
Although most come for the sunshine, there has been a steady rise in nature tourism, which is based on a more environmentally friendly, quality based holiday experience.
Čeprav večina prihaja zaradi sonca, turizem v naravi, ki temelji na okolju bolj prijaznih in kakovostnih počitniških izkušnjah, stalno narašča. Tu pa lahko obiskovalci vidijo tudi veliko zanimivega!
And there is plenty to see!The Canaries are a world biodiversity hotspot for plants, the seas team with dolphins and turtles and the dramatic interior hides many rare and unusual species.
Kanarski otoki so zelo pomembna svetovna točka biotske raznovrstnosti za rastline, morje z delfini, želvami in dramatično globino pa skriva mnoge redke in nenavadne vrste.
Because the Natura 2000 Network safeguards many of Europe’s best areas for nature and biodiversity, it can act as a magnet for such visitors oering them opportunities to experience nature first hand, be it through wildlife watching, hiking, exploring, canoeing etc...This, in turn, can help to diversify the local economy and stimulate inward investments in local enterprises and initiatives linked to tourism.
Ker omrežje Natura 2000 varuje številna območja Evrope, ki so najboljša glede narave in biotske raznovrstnosti, lahko privablja takšne obiskovalce ter jim zagotavlja priložnosti za neposredne izkušnje v naravi prek opazovanja prostoživečih živalskih in rastlinskih vrst, pohodništva, raziskovanja, veslanja v kanujih itd. S tem pa se lahko prispeva k diverzifikaciji lokalnega gospodarstva ter se spodbujajo vhodne naložbe v lokalna podjetja in pobude, povezane s turizmom.
Over 30% of the islands have been designated as Natura 2000 as a result.This international recognition has done a lot to boost the nature tourism businesses further.
Zato je bilo več kot 30 % otokov določenih kot območje Natura 2000. To mednarodno priznanje je pomenilo dodatno spodbudo za podjetja na področju kmečkega turizma.
It has also created some interesting partnerships where tourism revenues are helping to further the work of conserving rare species such as the Hierro giant lizard (Europe’s largest reptile).
Poleg tega so nastala nekatera zanimiva partnerstva, v okviru katerih se z odhodki iz turizma dodatno prispeva k ohranjanju redkih vrst, kot je orjaški hiero kuščar (največji plazilec v Evropi). Ni čudno, da je ta nežni velikan zdaj maskota otoka.
However, it is important to ensure that such tourism is developed in a way that it does not cause damage to the natural values of the area concerned.
Ker je turizem tako konkurenčna industrija, je za uspešnost kakršne koli pobude bistveno skrbno načrtovanje.
This is easier to achieve when there is a vested interest in maintaining the natural resource. By contrast, many mass tourism developments tend to be in direct competition with nature, especially along the coast and in the mountains.
To ne pomaga le zagotoviti trajnostne rabe dragocenih naravnih virov, ampak tudi spodbuja boljše povezovanje turističnih dejavnosti z drugimi dejavnostmi na podeželju.
Lapland covers vast expanses of forests and mires of outstanding natural beauty.When an area of 300 km was designated as a Natura 2000 site, local communities were initially opposed, fearing that it would put a halt to the budding tourism market.The park authority assured them that, on the contrary, it would help bring new jobs and business opportunities.
Laponska obsega obširne gozdne površine in barja izredne naravne lepote. Ko je bilo območje 300 km² določeno kot območje Natura 2000, so lokalne skupnosti temu najprej nasprotovale, ker so se bale, da bo to zaustavilo razvijajoči se turistični trg.
Because tourism is such a competitive industry, careful planning is central to the success of any initiative.
Uprava parka jim je zagotovila, da bo to dejansko prispevalo k ustvarjanju novih delovnih mest in poslovnih priložnosti.
This not only helps to ensure that the valuable natural resources are used sustainably but also encourages a better integration of tourism activities with other rural activities.
Pripravila je več skrbno načrtovanih naravnih poti, ki so obiskovalce vodile stran od občutljivih območij, vendar so jim še vedno omogočale prijetno izkušnjo.
The trails proved to be so popular that they made headline news.
Poti so postale tako priljubljene, da se je o njih pisalo na naslovnih straneh časopisov.
Local businesses have since experienced a steady increase in visitors and many now view Natura 2000 as a potential ally rather than a hindrance.
Lokalna podjetja so od takrat zabeležila postopno povečanje števila obiskovalcev in številna med njimi Naturo 2000 zdaj obravnavajo kot potencialnega zaveznika in ne oviro.
New activities or developments aecting Natura 2000 sites are not automatically excluded.
Nove dejavnosti ali razvoj, ki vpliva na območja Natura 2000, ni samodejno izključen.