natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
฀•฀฀the exposure limit values and the exposure action values;
• • zamenjajte obrabljene dele (vključno s sedežnim vzmetenjem); e 2002/44/ES (vibracije pr
฀•฀฀replace worn parts (including any seat suspension);,
•mejnih vrednostih izpostavljenosti in opozorilnih vrednostih izpostavljenosti; e kt iv
฀•฀฀the results of the vibration risk assessment and any vibration measurements;
•rezultatih ocene tveganja zaradi vibracij in kakršnih koli meritev vibracij;
฀•฀฀check and replace defective vibration dampers, bearings and gears;
•preverite in zamenjajte okvarjene dušilnike vibracij, ležaje in zobnike; va ja nj eD ir naravnavajte motor;
฀•฀฀the control measures being used to eliminate or reduce risks from wholebody vibration;
•kontrolnih ukrepih, ki se uporabljajo za odpravo ali zmanjšanje tveganj zaradi vibracij celotnega telesa;
฀•฀฀safe working practices that minimise exposure to vibration;
•varnih delovnih praksah, izpostavljenost vibracijam; vzdržujte gume in zagotovite, da so napihnjene na pravilen tlak glede na površinske in bremenske pogoje;
฀•฀฀lubricate seat and other suspension systems.
•vzrokih in načinih za odkrivanje in prijavljanje znakovpoškodb; od ni kdo br
฀•฀฀the circumstances in which workers are entitled to health surveillance.
•okoliščinah, v katerih so delavci upravičeni do zdravstvenega nadzora.
Workers must be trained in driving techniques that minimise vibration exposure.
Delavci morajo biti usposobljeni v tehnikah vožnje, ki minimizirajo izpostavljenost vibracijam.
They must be made aware of the effect of driving speed, and if speed limits are imposed, the reasons for imposing them.
Zavedati se morajo učinka hitrosti vožnje in če so uvedene omejitve hitrosti, razlogov za njihovo uvedbo.
The machine supplier should provide information on appropriate seats for their vehicles.
Dobavitelj stroja mora zagotoviti informacije o ustreznih sedežih za svoja vozila.
Suspension seats are not always appropriate, but the machine manufacturers must provide a seat designed to reduce vibration transmitted to the driver to the lowest level that can reasonably be achieved.
Vzmetni sedeži niso vedno primerni, vendar morajo proizvajalci stroja zagotoviti sedeže, zasnovane tako, da zmanjšajo vibracije, prenesene na voznika, na najnižjo stopnjo, ki jo je smiselno doseči.
Where seat suspension systems are fitted, drivers should be shown how to adjust them for their own weight.
Kadar so nameščeni sistemi vzmetenja sedežev, je treba delavcem pokazati, kako jih prilagodijo svoji teži.
They also need to be shown how to set other seat controls (fore-aft position, height, backrest inclination etc…) to achieve the best posture.
Pokazati jim je treba tudi, kako za doseganje najboljše drže nastaviti druge krmilne mehanizme sedeža (položaj naprej – nazaj, višina, naklon naslonjala itd.).
Drivers and maintenance technicians need to be trained to recognise when machine components that affect vibration exposure and posture, such as the seat suspension system, need maintenance or replacing.
Vozniki in tehniki vzdrževanja morajo biti usposobljeni za prepoznavanje potrebe po vzdrževanju ali zamenjavi sestavnih delov strojev, ki vplivajo na izpostavljenost vibracijam in na držo, kot je sistem vzmetenja sedežev.
Workers should also be advised on the impact of nonwork activities on the risks to their health.
Delavci morajo biti tudi obveščeni o vplivu aktivnosti izven dela na tveganje za njihovo zdravje.
To reduce the risks of developing lowerback pain workers should be encouraged to maintain their general fitness, and to consider the risks to their backs from nonwork activities, for example using poor lifting techniques or adopting poor postures for long periods.
Za zmanjšanje tveganja za razvoj bolečin v križu je treba delavce spodbujati k vzdrževanju splošne kondicije in upoštevati tveganja za njihove hrbte zaradi aktivnosti izven dela, na primer uporabe napačnih tehnik dvigovanja ali privzemanja slabe drže za daljša obdobja.
3.3.7 Work schedules
3.3.7 Programi dela
To control the risks from wholebody vibration you may need to limit the time workers are exposed to vibration from some vehicles or machines.
Za obvladovanje tveganj zaradi vibracij celotnega telesa morate morda omejiti čas, v katerem so delavci izpostavljeni vibracijam vozil ali strojev.
Poor choice of seat suspension systems can easily result in a higher vibration exposure than would be given without the suspension.
Slaba izbira sistema sedežnega vzmetenja lahko hitro povzroči večjo izpostavljenost vibracijam, kot pa pri sistemu brez vzmetenja.
All seat suspension systems have a range of frequencies that they amplify.
Vsi sistemi sedežnega vzmetenja imajo področje frekvenc, ki jih ojačujejo.
If the dominant frequencies of the vehicle vibration fall within this amplification range, the seat suspension will make the driver’s vibration exposure worse.
Če dominantne frekvence vibracij vozila padejo znotraj tega ojačevalnega področja, bo sedežno vzmetenje poslabšalo voznikovo izpostavljenost vibracijam.
ISO EN 7096:2000, ISO EN 5007 and EN 13490:2001 provide performance criteria for earth moving machinery, agricultural wheeled tractors and industrial trucks respectively that are designed to ensure appropriate performance of seat suspension.
ISO EN 7096:2000, ISO EN 5007 in EN 13490:2001 določajo merila zmogljivosti za stroje za zemeljska dela, za kmetijske kolesne traktorje in za industrijske tovornjake, ki so zasnovani tako, da zagotavljajo ustrezno zmogljivost sedežnega vzmetenja.
The seat suspension must be readily accessible and easy to adjust for the operator’s weight and body size.
Sedežno vzmetenje mora biti lahko dostopno in enostavno za prilagoditev teži in telesni velikosti upravljavca.
Height, fore-aft and backrest adjustments are especially important.
Nastavitve po višini, naprej-nazaj in nastavitve naslonjala so posebno pomembne.
The seat cushions should be ergonomically designed.
Sedežne blazine morajo biti zasnovane ergonomsko.
The seat suspension system must also be selected so that, in typical use, it is unlikely to hit its top or bottom endstops.
Sistemi sedežnega vzmetenja morajo biti izbrani tudi tako, da pri tipični rabi ni verjetno, da bi udarili ob zgornje ali spodnje omejilnike.
Striking the end-stops creates shock vibrations, so increasing the risk of back injury.
Udarjanje ob omejilnike povzroča udarne vibracije in tako povečuje tveganje okvare hrbtenice.
3.4 VIBRATION MONITORING AND REASSESSMENT
SPREMLJANJE IN PONOVNA OCENA
You will need to reassess risks from vibration, and how you control them, whenever there are changes in the workplace that may affect the level of exposure, such as:
Ponovno morate oceniti tveganja zaradi vibracij in razmisliti kako jih obvladovati, kadar koli na delovnem mestu nastopijo spremembe, ki bi lahko vplivale na stopnjo izpostavljenosti, kot so:
฀•฀฀the introduction of different machinery or processes,
IZ uvajanje drugačnih strojev ali postopkov,
In this chapter we look at how to monitor the vibration controls and when to repeat the risk assessment.
Upravljanje izpostavljenosti vibracijam je stalen proces, saj morate zagotoviti, da se nadzorni sistemi uporabljajo in da dajejo pričakovane rezultate.
฀•฀฀changes in the work pattern or working methods,
• • spremembe delovnega vzorca ali delovnih metod,
฀•฀฀changes in the number of hours worked with the vibrating equipment,
spremembe v številu ur dela z opremo, ki vibrira,uvajanje novih ukrepov za kontrolo vibracij.
3.4.1 How do I know if my wholebody vibration controls are working?
3.4.1 Kako vem, ali moji nadzorni mehanizmi za vibracije celotnega telesa delujejo?
฀•฀฀the introduction of new vibration control measures.
Ponovno boste morali oceniti tveganja tudi, če obstaja dokaz (n. pr. zdravstvenega nadzora), da obstoječi mehanizmi nadzora niso učinkoviti.
You will also need to review your wholebody vibration controls periodically to ensure they are still relevant and effective.
Morali boste tudi redno preverjati svoje nadzorne mehanizme vibracij celotnega telesa, da bi zagotovili, da so še vedno ustrezni in učinkoviti.
You should:
Vaša dolžnost je:
฀•฀฀Check regularly that workers (including managers and supervisors) are still carrying out the programme of controls you have introduced;
•redno preverjati, ali delavci (vključno s poslovodji in nadzorniki) še vedno izvajajo program nadzora, ki ste ga vpeljali;
The extent of the reassessment will depend on the nature of the changes and the number of people affected by them.
Obseg ponovne ocene bo odvisen od narave sprememb in števila prizadetih ljudi.
A change in hours or work patterns may require a recalculation of the daily exposure for the people affected, but will not necessarily alter the vibration magnitudes.
Sprememba ur ali delovnih vzorcev lahko zahteva ponoven izračun dnevne izpostavljenosti prizadetih ljudi, vendar ne spremeni nujno amplitude vibracij.
The introduction of new vehicles or machinery may require a full reassessment.
Uvajanje novih vozil ali strojev lahko zahteva celotno ponovno oceno.
฀•฀฀Talk regularly to all workers, safety personnel and worker representatives about any vibration or postural problems with the vehicles or machines or the way they are being used;
•se redno pogovarjati z vsemi delavci, varnostnim osebjem in delavskimi zastopniki o kakršnih koli problemih zaradi vibracij ali drže pri vozilih ali strojih ali zaradi načina njihove uporabe;
It is good practice to review your risk assessment and work practices at regular intervals, even if nothing obvious has changed.
Dobro prakso predstavlja posodabljanje ocene tveganja in delovnih praks v rednih intervalih, tudi če se ni nič očitno spremenilo.
There may be new technology, machine designs or ways of working in your industry that would allow you to reduce risks further.
V vaši panogi se lahko pojavijo nove tehnologije, zasnove strojev ali načini dela, ki omogočajo nadaljnje zmanjševanje tveganj.
฀•฀฀Check the results of health surveillance and discuss with the health service provider whether the controls appear to be effective or need to be changed.
preverjati rezultate zdravstvenega nadzora in se z izvajalcem zdravstvenih storitev pogovoriti, ali je nadzor učinkovit oziroma ga je treba spremeniti.
Health surveillance is about putting in place systematic, regular and appropriate procedures for the detection of work-related ill health, and acting on the results.
Zdravstveni nadzor pomeni vzpostavitev sistematičnih, rednih in ustreznih postopkov za odkrivanje slabega zdravja, povezanega z delom, in ukrepanje na podlagi rezultatov.
The aims are primarily to safeguard the health of workers (including identifying and protecting individuals at increased risk), but also to check the long-term effectiveness of control measures.
Njegov namen je predvsem zaščita zdravje delavcev (vključno s prepoznavanjem in varstvom posameznikov, ki so izpostavljeni večjemu tveganju), pa tudi preverjanje dolgoročne učinkovitosti nadzornih ukrepov.
In this chapter we re-state the requirements for health surveillance given in the vibration directive and review some of the assessment techniques available.
V tem poglavju bomo ponovno formulirali zahteve za zdravstveni nadzor, navedene v Direktivi o vibracijah, in pregledali nekatere razpoložljive tehnike ocenjevanja.
Some health surveillance techniques related to wholebody injury are described in Annex F.
Nekateri postopki zdravstvenega nadzora, ki se nanašajo na poškodbe celotnega telesa, so opisani v Prilogi F i bracije celotnega tV i praksi za oč ni ko do br r i r
4.1 WHEN IS HEALTH SURVEILLANCE
KDAJ JE POTREBEN ZDRAVSTVENI
REQUIRED ?
NADZOR?
Member States shall establish arrangements to ensure that, for each worker who undergoes health surveillance individual health records are made and kept up-to-date.
Države članice vzpostavijo ureditev, ki bo zagotavljala, da se za vsakega delavca, ki je pod zdravstvenim nadzorom, izdela in posodablja osebna zdravstvena evidenca.
Health records shall contain a summary of the results of the health surveillance carried out.
Zdravstvene evidence vsebujejo povzetek rezultatov opravljenega zdravstvenega nadzora.
They shall be kept in a suitable form so as to permit any consultation at a later date, taking into account any confidentiality.
Hranijo se v ustrezni obliki, ki dopušča kasnejša posvetovanja, ob upoštevanju vsakršne zaupnosti.
Member States shall adopt provisions to ensure the appropriate health surveillance of workers where the wholebody vibration risk assessment indicates a risk to their health.
Države članice sprejmejo predpise za zagotovitev ustreznega zdravstvenega nadzora delavcev, kjer ocena tveganja zaradi vibracij celotnega telesa nakazuje tveganje za njihovo zdravje.
The provision of health surveillance, including the requirements specified for health records and their availability, shall be introduced in accordance with national laws and/or practice.
Predpis o zdravstvenem nadzoru, vključno z zahtevami, specificiranimi za zdravstvene evidence in njihovo razpoložljivost, se uvede skladno z nacionalnim zakonom in/ali prakso.
The individual worker shall, at their request, have access to the health records relating to them personally.
Vsak delavec ima na lastno zahtevo dostop do zdravstvenih evidenc, ki se nanašajo nanj osebno.
Health surveillance should be instituted for workers who are at risk from vibration injury, where:
Zdravstveni nadzor mora biti uveden za delavce s tveganjem poškodb zaradi vibracij, kadar:
฀•฀฀the exposure of workers to vibration is such that a link can be established between that exposure and an identifiable illness or harmful effects on health,
•je izpostavljenost delavcev vibracijam taka, da je mogoče vzpostaviti povezavo med to izpostavljenostjo in ugotovljivo boleznijo ali zdravju škodljivim učinkom;
Where, as a result of health surveillance, a worker is found to have an identifiable disease or adverse health effect that is considered by a doctor or occupational healthcare professional to be the result of exposure to mechanical vibration at work:
Kjer se pri zdravstvenem nadzoru odkrije, da ima delavec prepoznavno bolezen ali delo s škodljivim zdravstvenim učinkom, ki je po mnenju zdravnika ali strokovnjaka medicine dela posledica izpostavljenosti mehanskim vibracijam pri delu:
฀•฀฀there are tested techniques for the detection of the illness or the harmful effects on health.
• je verjetno, da se bolezen ali učinki pojavljajo v posebnih delovnih pogojih delavca, in
฀•฀฀In any event, workers whose daily vibration exposure exceeds the daily exposure action value are entitled to appropriate health surveillance.
•v vsakem primeru so delavci, katerih dnevna izpostavljenost vibracijam presega dnevno opozorilno vrednost izpostavljenosti, upravičeni do ustreznega zdravstvenega nadzora.
The worker shall be informed, by the doctor or other suitably qualified person, of the results of their own
Delavca zdravnik ali druga ustrezno usposobljena oseba obvešča o rezultatih njegovega osebnega zdravstvenega nadzora.
or k) personal health surveillance.
Informacije za delodajalca i delu )
฀•฀฀Take into account the advice of the occupational healthcare professional or other suitably qualified person or the competent authority in implementing any measures required to eliminate or reduce risks from wholebody vibration exposure, including the possibility of assigning the worker to alternative work where there is no risk of further exposure, and
pri izvajanju kakršnih koli ukrepov, zahtevanih za odpravo ali zmanjšanje tveganja zaradi izpostavljenosti celotnega telesa vibracijam, upoštevajte nasvet strokovnjaka medicine dela ali druge ustrezno usposobljene osebe ali pristojnega organa, vključno z možnostjo dodelitve delavcu drugega dela, kjer ni tveganja nadaljnje izpostavljenosti, in
฀•฀฀Review the wholebody vibration risk assessment,
•Posodobite oceno tveganja zaradi vibracij celotnega telesa, e 2002/44/ES (vibracije pr
฀•฀฀Arrange continued health surveillance and provide for a review of the health status of any other worker who has been similarly exposed.
•uvedite stalen zdravstveni nadzor in zagotovite pregled zdravstvenega stanja vsakega drugega, podobno izpostavljenega, delavca.
In such cases, the competent doctor or occupational health care professional or the competent authority may propose that exposed persons undergo a medical examination.
V takih primerih lahko pristojni zdravnik ali strokovnjak medicine dela ali pristojni organ predlaga zdravstveni pregled izpostavljenih oseb.
N on b in d in g guide to good practice for implementing Directive 2002/44/EC (
•posodobite ukrepe, pripravljene za odpravo ali zmanjšanje tveganj zaradi izpostavljenosti celotnega telesa vibracijam, e kt iv va ja nj eD ir e prakse za iz od ni kdo br ez uj oč iv v
ANNEX A Summary of responsibilities defined by
PRILOGA A: Povzetek obveznosti, ki jih določa Direktiva
Table A.1 Summary of responsibilities defined by Directive 2002/44/EC
Preglednica A.1: Povzetek obveznosti, ki jih določa Direktiva 2002/44/ES
Who
Člen
When
Kdo
Article 4
Določitev in ocenjevanje tveganja: direktive Člen 4 e lesa
3 Use someone who is competent to assess the wholebody vibration risk.
3 Ocenjuje naj oseba, pristojna za oceno tveganja zaradi vibracij celotnega telesa.
Be in possession of the risk assessment.
3 Določite ukrepe za nadzor izpostavljenosti in obveščanje ter usposabljanje delavcev.
Whole-Body
i bracije celotnega tV
3Keep the risk assessment up to date.Removing or reducing exposure:
3 Posodabljajte oceno tveganja.Tveganja zaradi Preprečevanje ali zmanjševanje izpostavljenosti:
Article 5
Člen 5 vibracij i praksi za
3Take general actions to eliminate risks or reduce them to a minimum
3 Izvajajte splošne ukrepe za odpravo tveganj ali njihovo zmanjšanje na minimum.
3 Establish and implement programme of measures to eliminate, or reduce to a minimum, exposures to wholebody vibration
Izpostavljenosti 3 Vzpostavite in izvajajte program ukrepov za odpravo ali nad opozorilno zmanjšanje na minimum izpostavljenosti celotnega telesa vrednostjo vibracijam.izpostavljeno-sti;
3Take immediate action to prevent exposure above the limit value
3 Takoj ukrepajte za preprečitev izpostavljenosti nad mejno vrednostjo
Worker information and training:
Obveščanje in usposabljanje delavcev:
Worker consultation and participation:
Posvetovanje in soodločanje delavcev:
3To consult, in a balanced way and in good time, workers and their representatives on risk assessment, control measures, health surveillance and training.
3 Posvetovati se, uravnoteženo in pravočasno, z delavci in njihovimi predstavniki o oceni tveganja, kontrolnih ukrepih, zdravstvenem nadzoru in usposabljanju.
Inform worker of results of health surveillance
Zdravstveni nadzor3 Obvestite delavca o rezultatih zdravstvenega nadzora
3Provide information and advice to worker on health surveillance necessary when exposure to wholebody vibration has finished.
3 Obvestite delavca in mu svetujte glede zdravstvenega nadzora, v katerega mora biti vključen po koncu izpostavljenosti celotnega telesa vibracijam.
3Provide significant findings of health surveillance to employer Where ill-health 3Review risk assessment
3 Obvestite delodajalca o pomembnih ugotovitvah zdravstvenega nadzora3 Preglejte oceno tveganja
Employer is identified
Delodajalec
Further eliminate or reduce risks
Kadar se ugotovi slabo zdravstveno zdravje
Exposures above the exposure action value
Izpostavljenosti 3 Delavci, nad opozorilno nadzora.vrednostjo izpostavljenosti;
WHAT IS FREQUENCY AND FREQUENCY ib ra tio ns at W V
KAJ JE FREKVENCA IN FREKVENČNO
VIBRATION?
UTEŽENJE?
Frequency represents the number of times per second the vibrating body moves back and forth.
Frekvenca pove, kolikokrat na sekundo se vibrirajoče telo pomakne naprej in nazaj.
Vibrations arise when a body moves back and forth due to external and internal forces, Figure B.1.
Vibracije nastanejo, ko se telo giblje naprej in nazaj pod vplivom zunanjih in notranjih sil (slika B.1).
In the case of wholebody vibration, it may be the seat of a vehicle or the platform on which a worker is standing that vibrates, and this motion is transmitted into the body of the driver.
V primeru vibracij celotnega telesa lahko vibrira sedež vozila ali ploščad, na kateri delavec stoji, to gibanje pa se prenaša na telo voznika.
B.2 WHAT IS MEASURED?
KAJ MERIMO?
For wholebody vibration, the frequencies thought to be important range from 0.5Hz to 80Hz.
Pri vibracijah celotnega telesa naj bi bile pomembne frekvence v razponu od 0,5 Hz do 80 Hz.
However, because the risk of damage is not equal at all frequencies a frequency-weighting is used to represent the likelihood of damage from the different frequencies.
Ker pa tveganje poškodb ni enako pri vseh frekvencah, se za predstavitev verjetnosti poškodb pri različnih frekvencah uporablja frekvenčno uteženje.
For wholebody vibration, two different frequency weightings are used.
Pri vibracijah celotnega telesa se uporabljata dve različni frekvenčni uteženji.
One weighting (the Wd weighting) applies to the two lateral axes: x and y, and another (the Wk weighting) applies to the vertical, z-axis vibration.
Eno uteženje (Wd uteženje) se nanaša na dve prečni osi: x in y, in drugo (Wk uteženje) se nanaša na navpične vibracije v smeri z-osi.
When considering the risks to health from wholebody vibration an additional multiplying factor must be applied to the frequency weighted vibration values.
Pri upoštevanju zdravstvenih tveganj zaradi vibracij celotnega telesa se morajo frekvenčno utežene vrednosti vibracij pomnožiti z dodatnim faktorjem.
For the two lateral axes (x and y) the acceleration values are multiplied by 1.4.
Za dve prečni osi (x in y) se vrednosti pospeškov množijo z 1,4. Za navpično z-os je faktor 1,0.
Vibration is defined by its magnitude and frequency.
Vibracija je določena z amplitudo in frekvenco.
The magnitude of vibration could be expressed as the vibration displacement (in metres), the vibration velocity (in metres per second) or the vibration acceleration (in metres per second per second or m/s²).
Amplituda vibracije se lahko izrazi z odmikom vibracije (v metrih), s hitrostjo vibracije (v metrih na sekundo) ali s pospeškom vibracije (v metrih na sekundo na sekundo ali m/s2).
However, most vibration transducers produce an output that is related to acceleration (their output is dependent on the force acting on a fixed mass within the transducer and, for a fixed mass, force and acceleration are directly related); so acceleration has traditionally been used to describe vibration.
Vendar večina vibracijskih pretvornikov ustvari izhod, ki je povezan s pospeškom (njihov izhod je odvisen od sile, delujoče na konstantno maso znotraj pretvornika in pri konstantni masi sta sila in pospešek neposredno povezana), zato se ta običajno uporablja za opis vibracije.
WHAT VIBRATION PARAMETERS ARE USED
KATERI PARAMETRI SE UPORABLJAJO ZA
The vibration transducer measures acceleration in one direction only, so to get a more complete picture of the vibration on a surface, three transducers are needed: one in each axis as illustrated in Figure B.2.
Vibracijski pretvornik meri pospešek le v eni smeri, zato so za popolnejšo sliko vibracij na površini potrebni trije pretvorniki: po eden v vsaki osi, kot je prikazano na sliki B.2.
The vibration directive allows for two vibration assessment methods:
Direktiva o vibracijah dopušča dve metodi ocene vibracij:
฀•฀฀the daily exposure, A(8) - the continuous equivalent acceleration, normalised to an 8 hour day, the A(8) value is based on root-mean-square averaging of the acceleration signal and has units of m/s²; and
• dnevna izpostavljenost, A(8) – zvezni ekvivalent pospeška, normaliziran na 8 urni dan, vrednost A(8) temelji na srednji kvadratni vrednosti povprečka signala pospeška in ima enote m/s2, in
฀•฀฀the vibration dose value (VDV) is a cumulative dose, based on the 4th root-mean-quad of the acceleration signal with units of m/s1.75.
• vrednost doze vibracij (VDV) je kumulativna doza, ki temelji na četrtem korenu signala pospeška, z enoto m/s1,75.
Both parameters A(8) and VDV are defined in ISO 2631-1:1997.
Oba parametra A(8) in VDV sta opredeljena v ISO 2631-1:1997.
Some examples of vibration magnitudes for common hand-held power tools are shown in Figure B.3.
Nekateri primeri amplitud vibracij za navadne ročne orodne stroje so prikazani v grafičnem prikazu B.3.