natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Like many alpine rivers in Austria, the Obere Drau was straightened and canalised to regulate its flow and allow farming activities right up the water’s edge.Yet, with time it became evident that these hard engineering solutions were causing more damage than good, and not just to the wildlife.
Do leta 1997 se je populacija zmanjšala na 11 samcev in bi brez ukrepanja zagotovo izumrla. Zato so bili nemudoma sprejeti ukrepi za oživitev obstoječih habitatov ptičjih vrst in vzpostavitev novih območij, poraslih s trstjem, s strateškim pomenom v državi z namenom, da bi lahko ptice sčasoma razširile.
Without its natural meanders and riverine habitats, the river flowed at a much faster rate leading to a rapid erosion of the riverbed.
Populacija velikih bobnaric se je tako v zadnjih sedmih letih petkratno povečala, kar je ena od največjih britanskih zgodb o uspehu v zvezi s prostoživečimi živalmi.
Groundwater levels dropped as a result and farmers began to complain that their fields were drying out.With the Obere Drau’s inclusion in Natura 2000, the river authorities decided to adopt a softer approach to managing the river.
Kanarski otoki spadajo med območja z največjo rastlinsko raznovrstnostjo v Evropi, saj zajemajo več kot 500 endemičnih vrst in prekašajo tudi otok Galapagos. Zaradi omejene razporeditve rastlinja so zelo občutljive na vsako spremembo v okolju.
Meanders were replaced along a 40 km stretch, side streams opened up and riverine wetlands restored.This had such a positive impact on both groundwater levels and wildlife, that there are now plans to carry out similar work on other parts of the river.
Nekatere vrste, kot je Sambucus palmensis, so zdaj tako redke, da samo varovanje njihovih habitatov ne zadošča več. Vlada Kanarskih otokov je zato začela izvajati program oživitve teh vrst, tako da je divjim rastlinam odvzela semena in jih vzgojila v posebnih nasadih, te pa ponovno nasadila na drugih primernih območjih otoka.
How do we know if we have succeeded?
Natura 2000 –kako lahko pomagate?
To be able to evaluate the Natura 2000 network, it will be important to monitor the habitats and species listed in the two EU nature Directives at regular intervals to assess their conservation status.
Ne glede na to, kje v Evropi ste, lahko pomagati uresničevati cilje Nature 2000 tako, da:
Every six years, Member States are asked to report to the Commission on the conservation status of the species and habitats in their country and on the measure they have taken to conserve them.
Organizacije za ohranjanje narave vedno potrebujejo prostovoljce za pomoč pri obnovitvi in ohranjanju območij z prostoživečim rastlinstvom in živalstvom.
The Commission then examines this information at a supra-national level to determine the overall status for each species or habitat across the EU.
Odpravite se z otroki k bližnjim območjem Natura 2000 in odkrivajte lokalne prostoživeče živali ter rastline.
This not only helps determine the overall success of the Natura 2000 network but also identies problem areas where conservation eorts may need to be stepped up.
Območja Nature 2000 so čudovite učilnice na prostem. Spodbujajte otroke in odrasle k zdravim aktivnostim v naravi na prostem.
A NEW LEASE OF LIFE FOR A RARE ENDEMIC FISH
Mnogih ne najdemo nikjer drugje na svetu.
On the island of Rhodes, there lives a rare freshwater fish, called the gizani, which exists nowhere else in the world.
Tudi bogata mešanica evropskih narodnosti, kultur, jezikov in identitet se močno odraža v celotni krajini.
This little animal is a master of survival – it spends its entire life in the island’s freshwater streams, springs and small reservoirs, braving the winter floods in below freezing conditions and the heatwaves and droughts at the height of summer.
Na svetu je malo krajev, kjer lahko na tako majhnem območju srečamo toliko različnih, nasprotujočih in tesno prepletenih lokalnih habitatov, naravnih rezervatov in kulturnih krajin. Prav zaradi tega je evropska narava tako zelo edinstvena.
Most of its habitats are now protected under Natura 2000 and regulations have been introduced to control water abstraction and any other damaging operations.
EU Natura 2000 območja določena za navadnega žerjava, stanje okt.2008
Recent monitoring surveys indicate that the gizani is recovering well as a result of these activities.
Temelj evropske zakonodaje o ohranjanju narave sta Direktiva o habitatih in Direktiva o pticah.
Indeed, its fight for survival has captured the hearts and minds of inhabitants and tourists alike.There is now even a visitor centre in its honour.
Na to so se odzvale vlade držav članic EU in se na zasedanju Evropskega sveta v Göteborgu leta 2001 zavezale, da zaustavijo zmanjševanje biotske raznovrstnosti v Evropi do leta 2010.
One of the last strongholds for northern bat species in Europe is located along the border regions of Belgium, Luxembourg, and Germany.
Reke, kot je Donava, tečejo skozi mnogo držav – škoda na enem delu reke lahko prizadene vse države. Ptice selivke preletijo vso Evropo, da najdejo prostor za počitek, hranjenje in razmnoževanje.
Unfortunately, many of the traditional hibernation spots here, such as caves, have already been damaged by recreational activities but thanks to history alternatives are available.The region is riddled with subterranean tunnels and bunkers from wartime Europe, as well as disused mines and ancient fortications.
Evropska zakonodaja določa merila za ohranjanje narave v celotni Evropski uniji in vsem 25 državam članicam omogoča sodelovanje znotraj istega trdnega pravnega okvira, da lahko zavarujejo naše najbolj ranljive vrste in habitatne tipe.
However, excessive hunting and habitat loss pushed this endemic subspecies literally to the edge of extinction.
Ogrožene niso le redke vrste, kot so medvedi, metulji in endemične rastline.
By the mid 1950s the population had dwindled to 20 individuals.
Zaradi izgube habitatov so se v zadnjih 20 letih bistveno zmanjšale populacije domačih vrabcev.
Conservation authorities decided therefore to set up a captive breeding station in the area and start reintroducing small nuclei of chamois back into carefully selected areas within the Apennines.This was accompanied by a major information campaign and stricter controls over hunting and tourism.
Izginila je tudi večina evropskih resav. Posledica tega je zmanjševanje števila mnogih vrst, katerih preživetje je odvisno od teh habitatov, kot sta na primer martinček in palčja penica.
Since the programme started, the population has increased to over 1,000 individuals – its highest in over a century.
Nedavna raziskava ekonomske vrednosti treh nacionalnih parkov v Walesu je pokazala, da ti parki nudijo skoraj 12 000 delovnih mest, njihov prihodek pa znaša približno 250 milijonov EUR.
The bittern is a secretive bird found mostly in marshes and extensive reedbeds.The evocative booming sound of the male is often the only sign of its presence.
Evropska narava je vedno bolj ogrožena. Populacije vrst se zmanjšujejo z zastrašujočo hitrostjo, številni dragoceni naravni in polnaravni habitati hitro izginjajo.
Over the last century the species has been in steady decline all across Europe, principally due to the loss of suitable habitats.
Danes sta ogroženi skoraj polovica evropskih sesalcev in tretjina vrst plazilcev, rib in ptic.
The UK is no exception.
To zelo ugodno vpliva na naše zdravje in dobro počutje.
By 1997 the population had dropped to only 11 booming males and was sure to disappear if nothing was done.
To bistveno zmanjšanje je predvsem posledica uničenja in razdrobljenosti habitatov, od katerih so te vrste odvisne.
Action was immediately taken to restore the species’existing habitats and to recreate new reedbeds at strategic locations across the country so that it could eventually expand its range.The bittern population has increased fivefold in the last seven years as a result, making it one of Britain’s greatest wildlife success stories.
Mnogo habitatov se krči zaradi intenzivnejše rabe zemljišča, velikih infrastrukturnih projektov, kot so ceste in postopne širitve urbanih območij.
The Canary Islands have one of the highest levels of plant diversity in Europe.
Škoda za ribolov, turizem in naravno dediščino vzdolž 3 000 km obale, ki je bila onesnažena zaradi razlitja, je bila približno 5 milijard EUR.
However, the plants’restricted distribution makes them very vulnerable to any changes in their environment.
Vendar pa vloga narave ni le v lepi pokrajini, nudi nam tudi raznovrstne koristi kot so hrana, vlaknine, čista voda, zdrava zemlja in še mnogo več.
Some species like the Sambucus palmensis are now so rare that simply protecting their habitats is not, in itself, enough.The Canaries government has therefore started a recovery programme for these species, taking seeds from wild plants and growing them in special nurseries in order to replant them at suitable locations on the islands.
Močvirja, na primer, nudijo naravno obrambo pred poplavami, saj kot gobe vpijejo odvečno vodo. Zemljišča, porasla s trstjem, pomagajo prečistiti umazano vodo, saj vsrkajo strupene snovi, čebele oprašujejo kmetijske pridelke, šotna barja pa naravno vežejo ogljikov dioksid, ki je glavni vzrok za globalno segrevanje.
Already the wild population of Sambucus palmensis has quadrupled in size.
Drugo ogrožanje narave predstavljajo onesnaževanje, netrajnostno izkoriščanje naravnih virov, in opuščanje zemljišč.
And there is no shortage of places to reintroduce it either: over 30% of the land in the Canaries is designated as Natura 2000 in recognition of the islands remarkable biodiversity.
V prvi vrsti pa narava zagotavlja ključni vir dohodka za številne ljudi v Evropi, ki trajnostno izkoriščajo njene naravne vire. Manj intenzivno kmetovanje se na primer izvaja na širših območjih Evrope in predstavlja vir za preživetje milijonom ljudi.
There are many things you can do to support the aims of the Natura 2000 Network, wherever you are in Europe:
KAKŠNE SO OBVEZNOSTI OBMOČIJ NATURA 2000?
➧ Find out about, and explore a Natura 2000 site near you; many places oer walks, events, wildlife-watching trips and other activities for all the family to help you get the best out of your trip;➧ Volunteer to help out at a local nature area.
Natura 2000 –delnaravnekrajine
Conservation organisations are always looking for volunteers to help them restore and maintain their wildlife areas;➧ Take the children to a local Natura 2000 site to discover its wildlife.
Omrežje Natura 2000 –evropskoomrežjeobmočij a nA t l
These sites make wonderful outdoor classrooms, and encourage children and adults alike to follow healthy outdoor pursuits;➧Create your own little wildlife haven in a part of your garden or in a local green spot near you by planting native plants that are rich in nectar, creating a small pond, or making a woodpile for insects to hibernate in ...;➧ Help support the local economy within and around Natura 2000 sites by buying local nature-friendly seasonal products that help maintain the habitats and species present in the area.
Najpomembnejši element obeh direktiv je vzpostavitev vseevropskega ekološkega omrežja varstvenih naravnih območij, imenovanega omrežje Natura 2000.
Which ever option you choose do share your experiences with others and encourage them to take an interest in Natura 2000 – afterall, this is Europe’s nature for you!
Veliko območij iz omrežja Natura 2000 je dragocenih ravno zaradi načina njihovega dosedanjega upravljanja. V takšnih primerih je pomembno zagotoviti, da se bodo te vrste dejavnosti (npr. ekstenzivno kmetovanje) lahko opravljale tudi v prihodnosti.
Page 25
M a kar
TO FIND OUT MORE ON NATURA 2000 LOG ON TO THE COMMISSION’SWEBSITE WEBSITE http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/index_en.htm
KAKO SE IZBEREJO OBMOČJA NATURA 2000?Za vrste in habitate navedene v Direktivi o habitatih:
PAGE 2 Abernethy Forest (UK) null
Na tej stopnji mora biti odločitev sprejeta izključno na ekološki osnovi. •2.
NATURA 2000 24
Na tak način Natura 2000 podpira načelo trajnostnega razvoja.
The European Natura 2000 Network
Ne glede na to, kje v Evropi ste, lahko pomagati uresničevati cilje Nature 2000 tako, da: n u l l
Natura 2000 is the most ambitious initiative ever undertaken to conserve Europe’s rich natural heritage.
Evropsko omrežje Natura 2000
It enables all 27 countries of the EU to work together to safeguard our most valuable wildlife and habitats across their natural range in Europe, irrespective of national boundaries.
Vsem 27 državam članicam EU omogoča, da sodelujejo pri zaščiti na stotine najbolj dragocenih prostoživečih živali in rastlin vrst in habitatov na celotnem naravnem območju v Evropi ne glede na nacionalne meje.
At its heart lies the creation of an ecological network of sites known as the Natura 2000 Network.
Cilj Nature 2000 je vzpostavitev ekološkega omrežja območij, ki ga poznamo pod imenom omrežje Natura 2000.
Some 25,000 sites have been included in this network so far making this the largest network of nature conservation areas anywhere in the world.
Do zdaj je bilo v to omrežje vključenih že približno 25 000 območij, kar je sedaj največje omrežje naravnih varovanih območij kjerkoli na svetu
Because Natura 2000 is an integral part of our countryside, it is important that the sites continue to be managed in a way that takes account of the vulnerable habitats and species present.
Ker je Natura 2000 sestavni del našega podeželja, je pomembno, da se pri upravljanju območij še naprej upoštevajo obstoječi ogroženi habitati in vrste.
The aim is not to stop economic activities but, instead, to set the parameters by which these can take place whilst safeguarding Europe’s biodiversity.
Njen namen ni prekinitev gospodarskih dejavnosti, ampak določitev parametrov, ki bodo ohranili evropsko biološko raznovrstnost kljub izvajanju teh dejavnostih.
From the concerned citizen to private landowners and users, government officials and conservation groups – everyone has an important role in making Natura 2000 a success.
Posamezni državljani, lastniki zasebnih zemljišč in uporabniki, vladni uradniki in skupine za ohranjanje narave – vsi imajo pomembno vlogo pri uspešnem delovanju Nature 2000.
European Commission Natura 2000 - Europe’s nature for you Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities2009 – 28pp. – 21 x 29.7 cm ISBN 978-92-79-11567-7
Evropska komisija Natura 2000 – Evropska narava za vas Luksemburg: Urad za uradne publikacije Evropskih skupnosti2009 – 28 s. – 21 x 29,7 cm ISBN 978-92-79-11579-0
Natura 2000 in the
Natura 2000 v celinski regiji
European Commission Environment Directorate General
Evropska komisija Generalni direktorat za okolje
Author: Kerstin Sundseth, Ecosystems LTD, Brussels. Managing editor: SusanneWegefelt, European Commission, Nature and Biodiversity Unit B2, B-1049 Brussels.Contributors: John Houston, Mats Eriksson, Marco Fritz.Acknowledgements: Our thanks to the European Topic Centre on Biological Diversity and the Catholic University of Leuven, Division SADL for providing the data for the tables and maps Graphic design: NatureBureau International Photo credits: Front cover: MAIN Natural beech forest, Central Germany, Thomas Stephan, Nationalpark Hainich;
Avtorica: Kerstin Sundseth, Ecosystems LTD, Bruselj Glavna urednica: Susanne Wegefelt, Evropska komisija, Enota B2 – narava in biotska raznovrstnost, 1049 Bruselj, BELGIJAPrispevki: John Houston, Mats Eriksson, Marco Fritz Zahvala: Zahvaljujemo se Evropskemu tematskemu centru za biotsko raznovrstnost ter oddelku SADL Katoliške univerze Leuven, ki sta zagotovila podatke za razpredelnice in zemljevide.Gra čno oblikovanje: NatureBureau International Fo to gr a je : naslovnica: GLAVNA – naravni bukov gozd, osrednja Nemčija, Thomas Stephan, Nationalpark Hainich;
INSETS TOP TO BOTTOM Unknown, Geert Raeymaekers,
STRANSKE OD ZGORAJ NAVZDOL – neznano, Geert Raeymaekers,
Additional information on Natura 2000 is available fromhttp://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature
Dodatne informacije o Naturi 2000 so na voljo na spletni strani http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature.
Europe Direct is a service to help you nd answers to your questions about the European Union New freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11
Europe Direct je služba za pomoč pri iskanju odgovorovna vprašanja v zvezi z Evropsko unijo Brezplačna telefonska številka (*):00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11
The Continental Region – the heartland of Europe.......p. 3
Celinska regija – središče Evrope.....................................str. 3
Natura 2000 species in the Continental Region.............p. 5
Vrste Natura 2000 v celinski regiji....................................str. 5
Map of Natura 2000 sites in the Continental Region......p. 6
Zemljevid območij Natura 2000 v celinski regiji........str. 6
Natura 2000 habitat types in the Continental Region...p. 8
Habitatni tipi Natura 2000 v celinski regiji ...................str. 8
Management issues in the Continental Region .................p. 10
Vprašanja upravljanja v celinski regiji............................str. 10
Luxembourg: Oce for Ocial Publications of the European Communities, 2009
Luxembourg: Urad za publikacije Evropske unije, 2010
© European Communities, 2009
© Evropski skupnosti, 2010
Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.
Razmnoževanje je dovoljeno le z navedbo vira.
The photos are under copyright, none may be used without prior written approval of the photographers.
Fotografije v tej publikaciji so avtorsko zaščitene in se ne smejo uporabljati brez predhodnega pisnega dovoljenja fotografov.
Printed on recycled paper that has been awarded the EU eco-label for graphic paper http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel
Tiskano na recikliranem papirju, ki mu je bil podeljen znak EU za okolje za grafični papirhttp://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel
Natura 2000 in the Continental Region
Natura 2000 v celinski regiji
The Continental Region
Celinska regija
The landscape of the Continental Region is generally at in the north and hillier in the south, with the exception of the extensive floodplains in the Po and Danube basins.
To prostrano območje, ki so ga izoblikovali napredujoči in umikajoči se ledeniki, je bilo pokrito z nižinskimi listopadnimi bukovimi gozdovi, ki so jih prekinjale obsežne poplavne ravnice, močvirja in visoko barje.
The Great North European Plain covers much of northern Germany, Denmark, Poland and Russia.
Vendar je bila večina tega gozda izkrčena za kurjavo in les, namesto njega pa se je razvila obsežna kmetijska proizvodnja.Ta sprememba je tako velika, da je to območje zdaj znano kot„žitnica“ Evrope.
– the heartland of Europe
Središče Evrope
Formed by advancing and retreating glaciers, this vast area was once covered in lowland deciduous beech forests, interspersed with extensive floodplains, marshland and bogs.
Pod ravnicami leži morenski pas z več tisoč jezeri, nizkim in prehodnim barjem, ki se razteza okrog Pomorjanskega v vzhodni Nemčiji in na Poljskem.
However, much of this forest has since been cleared for fuel and timber and replaced by large scale agricultural production. The transformation is so great that this area is now often referred to as the‘bread basket’of Europe.
To je eno od najredkeje poseljenih območij celinskega pasu ne le zaradi zahtevnega terena, ampak tudi strateškega položaja, ki ga je to območje dobilo po svetovnih vojnah kot mejna regija med vzhodom in zahodom.
The Continental Region covers over a quarter of the European Union and extends in a broad band from west to east, starting in central France and continuing to the eastern edge of Poland in the north and Romania in the south.
Več kot četrtina Evropske unije je del celinske regije. Od zahoda proti vzhodu se razteza od osrednje Francije do vzhodnega dela Poljske na severu in do Romunije na jugu.
Outside the EU it stretches to the Ural mountains, on the border with Asia.
Zunaj EU sega do Urala na meji z Azijo.
In the south, the region is almost split in two by the high mountain ranges of the Alpine zone and the steppic plains of the Pannonian Region.
Na jugu je skoraj razpolovljena z visokim gorovjem alpskega območja in stepskimi ravninami panonske regije.
Parts of the Adriatic and Baltic coastlines are also included.
V celinsko regijo spadajo tudi deli obale Jadranskega in Baltskega morja.
Below the plains, there exists a moraine belt containing thousands of lakes, fens and mires around the Pomeranian Region in East Germany and Poland.
Še bolj proti jugu so vedno bolj opazni sredozemski in subalpinski vplivi na rastlinstvo.
This is one of the least populated areas of the Continental belt, due not only to the dicult terrain but also to its strategic location after the World Wars as a border region between East and West.
Na nižje ležečih delih Alp, Apeninov, Karpatov in hribovitih območjih Vogezov, Ardenov in Schwarzwalda je na primer mogoče najti veliko vrst in habitatov, ki so tudi v alpski regiji.
Altogether 13 EU countries have all or part of their territory in the Continental Region.
Celinska regija vključuje dele ozemlja 13 držav EU.
This includes major areas of France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Czech Republic and Bulgaria as well as signicant parts of Denmark, Belgium, Austria, Slovenia and Romania.
Vanjo spadajo obsežna območja Francije, Nemčije, Italije, Poljske, Češke in Bolgarije ter večji deli Danske, Belgije, Avstrije, Slovenije in Romunije.
Only Luxembourg is entirely within the Continental Region. Sweden, on the other hand, has just 3% of its country in this region.
V celinsko regijo je v celoti vključen le Luksemburg, na drugi strani pa le 3 % švedskega ozemlja spadajo v to regijo.
Further south, the vegetation starts to be heavily inuenced by the Mediterranean and sub-alpine conditions.
Po celinski regiji tečejo nekatere najpomembnejše reke v Evropi, kot so Donava, Loara, Ren, Pad, Laba, Odra in Visla.
The lower elevations of the Alps, Apennines and Carpathians and the hilly areas of the Vosges, Ardennes and Black Forest, for instance, harbour many species and habitats that are also found in the Alpine Region.
Te reke imajo zelo velik gospodarski pomen, saj kot notranje vodne poti povezujejo sever in jug. Zato jih je večina kanaliziranih in reguliranih, kar pa je povzročilo znatno izgubo obsežnih površin habitatov in vrst na poplavnih ravnicah.
The climate is generally characterised by strong contrasts between the cold winters and hot summers.The continental climate becomes more pronounced on moving from west to east.
Za podnebje so na splošno značilne zelo velike razlike med mrzlimi zimami in vročimi poletji. Celinsko podnebje je bolj izrazito na vzhodu regije.
In the east, the extreme conditions of hot and cold, wet and dry, are more commonplace and have a strong impact on the vegetation.
Ekstremna vročina in mraz ter vlaga in suša so bolj običajni na vzhodu in znatno vplivajo na rastlinstvo.
Some of Europe’s most important rivers flow through the Continental Region like the Danube, Loire, Rhine, Po, Elbe, Oder, Vistula….These rivers have played a major economic role over the years connecting the north and the south through internal waterways.
Kljub tem spremembam je celinska regija glede biotske raznovrstnosti še vedno razmeroma bogata. Ker je stičišče veliko različnih biogeografskih območij, v njej živi veliko vrst, ki jih najdemo tudi v drugih regijah.
As a result, most have been canalised and regulated, leading to a dramatic loss of extensive areas of floodplain habitats and species.
Januarske temperature v Varšavi so na primer običajno precej pod lediščem, medtem ko so v Alzaciji ponavadi višje od 0 °C.
Despite these transformations, the Continental Region is still relatively rich in biodiversity.
Pokrajina celinske regije je na severu na splošno položna, na jugu pa bolj hribovita, razen obsežnih poplavnih ravnic v porečju reke Pad in Donave.
Being at the crossroads between so many dierent biogeographical zones, it shares many species with other regions.
Velik del severne Nemčije, Danske, Poljske in Rusije spada v severnoevropsko nižavje.
Moving west, the characteristics become less noticeable due to the oceanic inuences of the Atlantic Region which bring milder conditions.
Po zadnji ledeni dobi so se v srednjo Evropo po veliko različnih poteh ponovno naselile rastline in živali.