natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
In short, it is fair to say that relative stability no longer provides a guarantee that fishing rights remain with their fishing communities.
Upravljanje na podlagi ribolovnega napora, na primer z omejevanjem dni, ko lahko ladja izpluje na morje, bi lahko odpravilo to težavo, vendar morda ne bo zadostovalo za uresničitev ciljev SRP.
The principle also limits the flexibility to manage the CFP in at least three different ways:
Ali bi ga bilo treba opustiti ali pa samo preoblikovati, da bi postalo bolj prožno, in sicer kako?
– it reduces the flexibility of the fishing sector to make efficient use of its resources and to adopt different fishing activities, techniques and patterns;
– je eden glavnih razlogov, da so se nacionalni upravni organi usmerili predvsem v zahteve po povečanju TAC in s tem svojega deleža ulovljenih rib, s tem pa zanemarili iskanje drugih dolgoročnih ciljev.
(2) The inability to pass on to the consumer increases of production costs leads to chronic low profitability and again acts as an incentive to overfish;
– je tudi eden od razlogov, da se ribe po nepotrebnem zavržejo, saj se zaradi večjega števila posameznih nacionalnih kvot vrste tudi neskladno izkoriščajo: v eni nacionalni floti tako morda še niso izčrpali svoje kvote za posamezno vrsto, medtem ko je druga flota, ki je to kvoto že izčrpala ali pa je sploh ni imela, prisiljena ulovljene ribe zavreči.
– it contribute to discards because it creates many national quotas that generate their own discarding constraints: one national fleet may not have exhausted its quota for a certain species but another national fleet which exhausts its quota, or has no quota at all, is forced to discard it.
(2) povečanja stroškov ni bilo mogoče prenesti na potrošnike, nenehna majhna donosnost pa še dodatno spodbuja prelov;
(3) This increases the fishers’dependence on public aids with the result that they become an integral and permanent feature in the business plans of the fishing industry.
(3) ker se s tem povečuje odvisnost ribičev od javnih sredstev, ti postajajo trajno neločljiv del poslovnih načrtov ribiške industrije.
First, European seafood producers are very fragmented and they have not organised themselves in order to market their products so as to ensure that a higher part of the value returns to them.
Lahko pa bi načelo tudi ohranili in navedene pomanjkljivosti odpravljali s prožnimi dogovori, ki bi nacionalne kvote prilagajali dejanskim potrebam nacionalnih flot.
• How could relative stability be shaped to better contribute to the objectives of the CFP?
Kot prvo so evropski proizvajalci morske hrane zelo razdrobljeni in se pri trgovanju svojih proizvodov niso uspeli dovolj organizirati, da bi si tako zagotovili večji delež prihodkov.
Should it be dismantled or if not should it become more flexible and if so, how? How could such alternatives be set up?
To je v izrazitem nasprotju z zelo koncentriranim distribucijskim sektorjem, prek katerega pride na trg 90% proizvodnje.
• Should access to the 12 nm zone be reserved for small-scale fishing vessels?
Druga zgodovinska omejitev ribolovnih možnostih je pravilo 12 morskih milj, ki zagotavlja izključno pravico ribolova v priobalnem pasu nacionalnim flotam držav članic (razen v posebnih primerih, ko imajo zaradi zgodovinskih ribolovnih vzorcev tudi druge flote pravico do dostopa).
The EC should aim to promote that fisheries products come from sustainably managed fisheries to ensure a level-playing field on the EU market.
To se je doslej na splošno obneslo, zato bi bilo to mogoče z razvojem posebne ureditve za mali priobalni ribolov še okrepiti.
• What is the role of trade policy in balancing the interests of producers, consumers and our relations with exporting countries?
Ta strategija „ribolova za prodajo“ in usmerjenost v kakovost bi proizvajalcem nazadnje lahko omogočila iztržiti več za njihov ulov.
The existing market intervention system under the Common Market Organisation (CMO) entails direct public action when fish prices for a range of species fall below their established targets.
Kot drugo se potrošniki čedalje bolj usmerjajo s svežih proizvodov na predelano ali zamrznjeno hrano.
This system does not reflect the changing supply and demand balance and has proven increasingly complex to manage.
Stroški energije in prevoza za te proizvode so nizki, kar se razlaga s tem, da stroški zaradi emisij ogljikovega dioksida niso upoštevani v ceni.
The poor state of the resource as well as the very large dependence of the EU market on imports, have gradually reduced its importance (1).
Poleg tega niso tako neposredno izpostavljeni zunanjim pretresom, kot so na primer cene nafte, kot ribiči.
The fisheries sector interacts closely with other maritime sectors. The Integrated Maritime Policy
• Kako bi bilo mogoče uporabiti tržne mehanizme za spodbujanje razvoja ribištva, ki bi bilo hkrati tržno učinkovito in bi trajnostno izkoriščalo vire?
The future CFP must take this a step further with an integrated approach:
• Kako lahko prihodnja SRP najbolj podpre pobude za certificiranje in označevanje?
There would still be space for a CMO that would abandon direct support to prices but that would put much stronger emphasis on improving the way producers organise themselves.
Kot tretje na ceno nekaterih ribjih proizvodov vpliva tudi zelo velik delež proizvodov, uvoženih na trg EU.
In addition to possible reinforced fisheries management powers, producer organisations could play an increased role in marketing their products.
Pri tem imajo zelo pomembno vlogo trgovinski režimi: po eni strani morajo trg oskrbovati s proizvodi po najboljših cenah, hkrati pa podpirati trajnostni razvoj.
The resulting strengthening of interbranch relationships would enable producers to better anticipate demand in terms of timing, quantity, quality and presentation.
Cilj ES bi moral biti spodbujanje prodaje ribjih proizvodov, pridobljenih s trajnostnim ribolovom, da bi na trgu EU veljali enaki konkurenčni pogoji.
– an ecosystem approach to marine management, covering all sectors, is being implemented through the Marine Strategy Framework Directive, which is the environmental pillar of the IMP and sets the obligation for Member States to achieve Good Environmental Status in 2020.
• Kako bi bilo mogoče najbolje podpreti sledljivost in preglednost v verigi proizvodnje?
• How could market mechanisms be used to encourage the development of fisheries that are market efficient as well as sustainably exploited?
• Kako lahko EU spodbuja prodajo ribjih proizvodov, pridobljenih s trajnostno upravljanim ribolovom, in zagotavlja vzpostavljanje enakih konkurenčnih pogojev na trgu za vse?
• How can the future CFP best support initiatives for certification and labelling?
Sedanji sistem posegov na trg v okviru skupne ureditve trga (v nadaljnjem besedilu: SUT) predvideva javno ukrepanje v primeru, ko cene rib za skupino vrst padejo pod postavljene cilje.
• How can traceability and transparency in the production chain be best supported?
Ta sistem ne upošteva dovolj spremenljivega ravnotežja med ponudbo in povpraševanjem, pokazalo pa se je tudi, da ga je čedalje težje upravljati.
• How could the EU promote that fisheries products come from sustainably managed fisheries, providing a level playing field for all?
Zaradi slabega stanja virov in čedalje večje odvisnosti trga EU od uvoza se je njegov pomen postopoma zmanjšal (1).
– climate change will impact severely on the marine environment.
• Kako naj organizacije proizvajalcev proizvodnjo usklajujejo s potrebami trga?
The new Common Fisheries Policy has to play a role in facilitating climate change adaptation efforts concerning impacts in the marine environment.
Katere nove instrumente politike, ki bi bila utemeljena na trgu, bi bilo mogoče izvajati prek organizacij proizvajalcev?
Climate change is an added stress on marine ecosystems which makes a reduction of fishing pressure to sustainable level even more urgent.
Kako lahko ribiči okrepijo svoj položaj nasproti predelovalcem in distributerjem?
• How can the POs better work to match production with market needs?
Še vedno bi bilo mogoče ohraniti SUT, ki bi opustila neposredno podporo za ohranjanje cen, vendar bi bilo treba v tem primeru bolj poudariti način boljše organiziranosti proizvajalcev.
Which new market based policy instruments could be implemented through POs?
Lahko bi se povečale pristojnosti organizacij proizvajalcev pri upravljanju ribištva, poleg tega pa tudi vloga teh organizacij pri trgovanju njihovih proizvodov.
How can fishermen improve their position towards processing and distribution?
To bi okrepilo sodelovanje med posameznimi panogami in proizvajalcem omogočilo, da se bolje odzivajo na povpraševanje, in sicer tako časovno kot tudi glede količine, kakovosti
The present CMO set-up is up for review in 2009 and the public consultation is ongoing.An Integrated Maritime Policy for the European Union – COM(2007) 575.
• Kakšna je vloga trgovinske politike pri uravnoteževanju interesov proizvajalcev, potrošnikov in naših odnosov z državami izvoznicami?
The role of the CFP in implementing an ecosystem approach to marine management. Communication from the Commission – COM(2008) 187.
Pregled sedanje skupne ureditve trga je predviden za leto 2009, zdaj pa poteka javno posvetovanje.
The knowledge base for the policy
Vključevanje skupne ribiške politike v širšo pomorsko politiko
Marine spatial planning is an important element of the IMP with which the future CFP must be integrated;
Ribiški sektorji so tesno povezani z drugimi pomor-
Scientific knowledge and data are of vital importance to the CFP, because policy decisions must be based on robust and sound knowledge on the level of exploitation that stocks can sustain, of the effects of fishing on marine ecosystems and on the impacts of changes such as climate change.
– izrazita usmerjenost celostne pomorske politike v trajnostni razvoj obalnih regij, npr. s podporo trajnostnemu turizmu, bi lahko zelo pripomogla k blažitvi družbeno-gospodarskega vpliva zmanjševanja zmogljivosti v ribiškem sektorju.
The human and institutional resources available to provide this advice are increasingly limited and the questions to address have become increasingly numerous and complex.
SRP ne more sama spodbujati razvoja obalnih skupnosti, ampak je lahko le del širših prizadevanj celostne pomorske politike in kohezijske politike EU; skimi sektorji.
– the IMP’s strong focus on sustainable development in coastal regions, e.g. in the form of sustainable tourism, could make a substantial contribution to alleviating socio-economic impacts of reducing capacity in the catching sector.
Celostna pomorska politika (CPP) (2) se ukvarja s prepletenostjo politik EU in pomorskih zadev.
Coastal Community development cannot be undertaken by the CFP alone but must be seen as a wider undertaking within the context of the IMP and EU cohesion policy;
Prihodnja SRP mora napraviti še dodatni korak v smeri celostnega pristopa:
– there is strong synergy between the various maritime sectors, including fisheries, in terms of surveillance, data, knowledge and research.
– med različnimi pomorskimi sektorji, vključno z ribištvom, obstajajo izrazite sinergije v zvezi s spremljanjem, podatki, znanjem in raziskavami.
Future long term CFP-oriented research programmes must tackle new challenges such as the need to promote synergy at European, national and regional level, to integrate fisheries policy with other maritime issues, (especially the ecosystem approach and climate change) and further development of policy instruments and governance.
Pri opredeljevanju prihodnje SRP in njene vloge pri oblikovanju prihodnosti ribolova in ribogojstva, je treba upoštevati ključne izzive, kot so podnebne spremembe, politika emisij in energetska učinkovitost.
The Communication on a European Strategy for Marine and Maritime Research (4) recently published by the Commission is a first step to addressing this integration.
Ustrezno financiranje širših ciljev celostne pomorske politike je treba zagotoviti prek evropskega sklada za ribištvo (v nadaljnjem besedilu: ESR) ali drugih finančnih instrumentov.
Crucial challenges such as climate change, emission policies and energy efficiency must be factored in when defining the future CFP and its role in shaping the future of the fisheries and aquaculture sector.
– prek okvirne direktive o morski strategiji kot okoljskega stebra celostne pomorske politike se izvaja ekosistemski pristop pri gospodarjenju z morjem, ki zajema vse sektorje in določa obveznosti držav članic za izpolnitev cilja dobrega okoljskega stanja do leta 2020.
Ensuring adequate funding of the wider IMP goals must also be addressed either through the EFF or through other financial tools.
Prihodnja SRP mora biti oblikovana tako, da bo vzpostavila ustrezne instrumente za podporo temu ekosistemskemu pristopu (3).
Improving communication between scientists, policy makers and stakeholders, particularly ACFA and the RACs and securing their full commitment, should remain a priority.
To je tudi v interesu ribiškega sektorja, saj bo tak pristop sorazmerno in skladno obravnaval vplive drugih sektorjev na ribolovne vire;
• In which areas does the fishing industry interact closely with other sectors?
• Na katerih področjih je ribiška industrija tesno povezana z drugimi sektorji?
• How can the future CFP contribute to the continued access of fisheries, including both fishing fleets and aquaculture, to marine space, within an integrated spatial planning framework?
• Kako lahko prihodnja SRP v okviru celostnega prostorskega načrtovanja morja prispeva k nadaljnjemu omogočanju dostopa ribištva, vključno z ribiškimi flotami in ribogojstvom, do morskega prostora?
• How can conditions be put in place to produce high-quality scientific research regarding fisheries in the future, including in regions where it is currently lacking?
• Kako lahko prihodnja SRP najbolje zagotovi skladnost z okvirno direktivo o morski strategiji in njeno izvajanje?
How can we best ensure that research programmes are well coordinated within the EU?
– podnebne spremembe bodo resno prizadele morsko okolje.
How can we ensure that the resources are available and that young researchers are educated in this area?
Nova skupna ribiška politika mora prispevati k lažjemu prilagajanju podnebnim spremembam zaradi vplivov, ki jih imajo te na morsko okolje.
• How can the future CFP best ensure consistency with the Marine Strategy Framework Directive and its implementation?
Podnebne spremembe dodatno vplivajo na morske ekosisteme, zato je zmanjšanje ribolovnega pritiska na trajnostno raven toliko bolj potrebno.
• How can the resources available best be secured and utilised to provide relevant and timely advice?
Trajnostni ribolov mora zato izpodriniti prelov, ki je povzročil, da so morski ekosistemi bolj občutljivi na podnebne spremembe, njihove možnosti za prilagajanje nanje pa manjše;
• How can the future CFP support adaptations to climate change and ensure that fisheries do not undermine the resilience of marine ecosystems?
• Kako lahko prihodnja SRP podpre prilagajanje na podnebne spremembe in prepreči negativni vpliv ribolova na odpornost morskih ekosistemov?
• How can we better promote stakeholder involvement in research projects, and incorporate stakeholder knowledge in research-based advice?
Prostorsko načrtovanje morja je pomemben element celostne pomorske politike, v katero mora biti vključena tudi prihodnja SRP;
A European Strategy for Marine and Maritime Research – COM(2008) 534.
Vloga SRP pri izvajanju ekosistemskega pristopa k upravljanju morij. Sporočilo Komisije – COM(2008) 187.
Does any new policy area require funding? Should public financial support be focused on specific transitions such as eliminating discards in the fishing industry?
Znanstvena spoznanja in podatki so izredno pomembni za prihodnjo SRP, saj morajo odločitve glede usmeritve politike temeljiti na trdnih in utemeljenih spoznanjih o ravni izkoriščenosti, ki je še vzdržljiva za staleže, o vplivih ribolova na morske ekosisteme in vplivih sprememb, kot so podnebne spremembe.
• How can synergy and coherence of possible CFP funds with other EU and national instruments be ensured?
Človeški in institucionalni viri, ki so na voljo za pridobivanje teh spoznanj, so čedalje bolj omejeni, vprašanj pa je čedalje več in so tudi čedalje zahtevnejša.
• How can a synergy between the pillars of a future CFP be achieved? Should public assistance be conditional on Member States’ achieving policy objectives?
Prihodnji dolgoročni raziskovalni programi, usmerjeni v vprašanja SRP, morajo iskati odgovore na nove izzive, kakršna je potreba po spodbujanju sinergije na evropski, nacionalni in regionalni ravni, vključitev ribiške politike v druga pomorska vprašanja (zlasti ekosistemski pristop in podnebne spremembe) ter prihodnji razvoj instrumentov politike in njenega vodenja.
• How can EU financial resources be developed to provide the flexibility needed to respond swiftly when a crisis occurs?
Sporočilo o evropski strategiji za morsko in pomorsko raziskovanje (4), ki ga je pred kratkim objavila Komisija, je prvi korak v smeri te vključitve.
• Should public financial support apply equally to all sectors (small and large scale)? Should the European Fisheries Fund continue to distinguish between convergence and non-convergence regions?
Prednost mora imeti okrepitev komunikacije med znanstveniki, oblikovalci politike in zainteresiranimi stranmi, zlasti Svetovalnim odborom za ribištvo in ribogojstvo (ACFA) ter regionalnimi svetovalnimi sveti, ter zagotavljanje njihovega polnega sodelovanja.
• Should indirect support such as services related to fisheries management (access, research, control) continue to be provided free to all sectors of the industry?
• Kako je mogoče ustvariti pogoje za razvoj visokokakovostnega znanstvenega raziskovanja vprašanj prihodnosti ribolova, vključno z regijami, kjer še ni prisotno?
It should promote and facilitate the restructuring and modernisation of the European industry, help it improve its longterm economic viability, and avoid artificially maintaining overcapacity.
Spodbujati in olajšati bi morala prestrukturiranje ter posodabljanje evropske industrije, ji pomagati izboljšati dolgoročno gospodarsko uspešnost in preprečevati umetno vzdrževanje presežne zmogljivosti.
• Should permanent fisheries subsidies be phased out, maintaining, on a temporary basis, only those aimed at alleviating the social impacts of the restructuring of the sector?
• Kako lahko najbolje spodbujamo vključevanje zainteresiranih strani v raziskovalne projekte in uporabimo njihovo znanje pri pridobivanju nasvetov na podlagi raziskav?
Under the Treaty, the scope of the exclusive competence of the Union in terms of conservation of aquatic resources extends to the management of the fishing activities of the EU fleets in non-EU waters.
• Kaj bi morale biti glavne prednostne naloge prihodnje javne finančne podpore in zakaj? Katerih sprememb sektor ne zmore sam izpeljati in bi jih bilo zato treba podpreti z javnimi finančnimi sredstvi?
Regional Fisheries Management Organisations (RFMOs) are so far considered to be the best instruments for fisheries governance in particular for straddling and highly-migratory fish stocks in the Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) and in the high seas.
V skladu s Pogodbo zajema izključna pristojnost Unije pri ohranjanju vodnih virov tudi upravljanje ribolovnih dejavnosti flot EU v vodah zunaj EU.
However, their performance is uneven and they have not always been effective in adopting stringent conservation and management measures or ensuring compliance with these measures or in their means of control.
• Kako bi bilo mogoče finančna sredstva EU preusmeriti v spodbujanje inovacij ter v prilagajanje novim politikam in okoliščinam?
There is a need therefore to strengthen their commitment in this respect as well as their overall performance.
Ali je treba financirati tudi nova področja politike?
Work with international partners will continue to be crucial to achieve this.
Ali bi morala biti finančna podpora usmerjena na posebne prehodne ukrepe, kot je preprečevanje primerov zavrženja rib v ribiški industriji?
The 2002 CFP reform led to a transition from traditional fisheries agreements, mostly based on the principle of‘pay, fish and go’, to the more comprehensive and cooperative approach under the current Fisheries Partnership Agreements (FPAs).
• Kako bi bilo mogoče zagotoviti sinergijo in skladnost možnih skladov SRP z drugimi instrumenti EU in nacionalnimi instrumenti?
Along with providing access to EU vessels, present FPAs seek to strengthen partner countries’capacity to ensure sustainable fisheries in their own waters.
• Kako bi bilo mogoče uporabiti finančne vire EU za zagotavljanje prožnosti, ki je potrebna za hiter odziv ob krizi?
Coherence with other EU policies must be ensured within all parts of the CFP.
• Ali naj se javna finančna podpora uporablja v enaki obliki za vse sektorje (male in velike)?
In the case of the external component, the EU development and environment policies have a particular role to play.
Ali naj Evropski sklad za ribištvo še naprej razlikuje med konvergenčnimi in nekonvergenčnimi regijami?
Most of the financial contribution attached to these agreements helps partner countries strengthen their fisheries policy, including scientific research and control and monitoring of fisheries activities in their waters.
Vsi vidiki SRP morajo biti v skladu z drugimi politikami EU. Pri zunanji razsežnosti sta pomembni zlasti razvojna in okoljska politika EU.
Nevertheless scientific analysis and research capacity should be reinforced to better assess the conservation status of the stock and determine sustainable catch levels.
• Ali naj se posredna podpora, na primer storitve, povezane z upravljanjem ribištva (dostop, raziskovanje, nadzor), še naprej zagotavlja prosto za vse sektorje industrije?
A future CFP should continue to promote responsible fisheries in international fora such as the UN General Assembly and FAO, as part of the EU’s overall responsibility and effort to achieve better global governance of the seas.
• Ali bi bilo treba trajno subvencioniranje ribištva postopoma odpraviti, pri čemer bi se začasno ohranile subvencije, namenjene blažitvi družbenih vplivov prestrukturiranja sektorja?
The support to the fisheries sector, in particular in the framework of FPAs; has contributed to the development of this industry but not in a way to have a significant impact on the fight against poverty and the achievement of the Millenium Development Goals.
Prihodnja SRP bi morala še naprej spodbujati odgovorno ribištvo v mednarodnih forumih, kot sta generalna skupščina ZN in FAO, ker je to del splošne odgovornosti EU in njenih prizadevanj za boljše svetovno gospodarjenje z morji.
The external fisheries policies should better take into account in the food security strategies of the third countries.
Nadaljevati moramo delo pri vprašanjih, kot so pomorsko pravo in zaščita občutljivih morskih ekosistemov pred škodljivimi načini ribolova in pri pogajanjih za mednarodni sporazum o morskih genetskih virih zunaj nacionalne jurisdikcije.
• How could we make scientific research to assess the sustainability of fish stocks and the control of the fishing activity more transparent and efficient?
Podpora ribiškim sektorjem, zlasti prek sporazumov o partnerstvu v ribiškem sektorju, je prispevala k razvoju te industrije, vendar to ni bistveno pomagalo pri boju proti revščini in uresničevanju razvojnih ciljev novega tisočletja.
The current architecture of our agreements should therefore be revisited in order to explore alternative forms of arrangements with third countries that would better meet the needs of our industry and those of our partners.
Vendar niso vse enako uspešne in tudi niso vedno učinkovite pri sprejemanju strogih ohranitvenih in upravljalnih ukrepov, zagotavljanju upoštevanja teh ukrepov ali vzpostavljanju nadzora.
• How can we assure better cooperation and compliance with new regulations in developing countries?
S tem v zvezi bi bilo smiselno proučiti tudi možnost uvedbe regionalnih oblik sodelovanja, saj regionalno povezovanje danes velja za sredstvo spodbujanja razvoja.