natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
฀•฀฀any applications of the equipment that are believed to increase the risk of handarm vibration injury;
• uporabi opreme, za katero se domneva, da povečuje tveganje okvar zaradi vibracij v dlaniroki;
฀•฀฀how to use the equipment safely and any training requirements for this;
•usposabljanju (upravljavci strojev, vzdrževalci itd.), priporočenemu za nadzor nad izpostavljenostjo vibracijam v dlani in roki;
You should make sure that equipment selected or allocated for tasks is suitable and can do the work efficiently.
Prepričati se morate, ali je oprema, ki ste jo izbrali in dodelili za izvajanje nalog, ustrezna in lahko zagotavlja učinkovito delo.
Equipment which is unsuitable or of insufficient capacity is likely to take much longer to complete the task and expose workers to vibration for longer than is necessary.
Pri opremi, ki je neprimerna ali ima nezadovoljivo zmogljivost, bo naloga verjetno zahtevala več časa in delavci bodo izpostavljeni več vibracijam za dlje, kot je treba.
฀•฀฀any training (to operators, maintenance staff etc.) recommended to control handarm vibration exposures;
• • potrebi po osebni varovalni opremi pri delu s stroji;
Careful selection of consumables (e.g. abrasives for grinders and sanders) or tool accessories (such as drill bits, chisels and saw blades) can affect vibration expo-
S skrbno izbiro potrošnega materiala (npr. brusilnih diskov za brusilnike in kotne brusilke) ali dodatne opreme (vrtalni svedri, dleta in rezila žage) lahko vplivate na izpostavljenost vibracijam.
฀•฀฀how to use the equipment for specific tasks;
Nekateri proizvajalci dobavljajo dodatno opremo, zasnovano, da zmanjša izpostavljenosti vibracijam.
฀•฀฀the need for any personal protective equipment when operating the machinery;
Nova Direktiva o strojih zahteva, da proizvajalci ali dobavitelji strojev poskrbijo za naslednja navodila:
Jigs and anti-vibration handles or k)
Sile prijema in potiskanja i delu )
฀•฀฀how to maintain the tool in good condition;
„informacije o vibracijah, ki se prenašajo iz ročnega orodja in ročno vodenih strojev:
฀•฀฀any vibration reduction features.
Celotna vrednost vibracij, katerim je izpostavljen sistem dlani in rok, če preseže 2,5 m/s2. Kadar ta
The new Machinery Directive requires that manufacturers or suppliers of machinery provide the following in the instructions:
Pri izbiri orodja morate upoštevati tudi ergonomske dejavnike in druge nevarnosti, kot so:
“information concerning vibrations transmitted to the handarm system:
Z zmanjšanjem sil prijema in potiskanja, ki se prenašajo skozi dlan, zmanjšujemo vibracije v uporabnikovi dlani in roki.
Wrapping rubber or other resilient materials around vibrating handles may improve comfort but it is unlikely to reduce significantly the vibration at frequencies that contribute most when the exposure is calculated.
Te sile lahko potrebujete, da držite orodje ali obdelovanca, nadzirate ali vodite stroj ali dosežete večje hitrosti dela.
Unless carefully selected, resilient materials may amplify vibration at some frequencies and actually increase vibration exposure.
Vendar pa so lahko dejanske sile večje, kot je potrebno za učinkovito delo, zaradi nepravilno izbrane opreme, nezadostnega vzdrževanja, neustreznega usposabljanja ali slabe oblike delovne postaje.
฀•฀฀The vibration total value to which the handarm system is subjected, if it exceeds 2.5 m/s². Where this value does not exceed 2.5 m/s², this must be mentioned.”
Nekaj načinov zmanjševanja sile prijema in potiskanja: težo orodja,konstrukcijo ročaja in udobje,sile prijema,enostavnost uporabe in ravnanja, e prakse za iz
N on b in d in g guide to good practice for implementing Directive 2002/44/EC (
•napenjalne verige (včasih jih imenujemo tudi naprave za uravnovešanje) se lahko uporabljajo kot nosilci za vibrirajoče orodje, kot so težki vrtalniki, brusilniki, vijačniki, pnevmatska pištole (v nekaterih primerih) in pnevmatska dleta, tako da delavcu ni treba nositi celotne teže orodja;
฀•฀฀handle design and comfort
•spremembe v strukturi in materialu prijemne površine lahko omogočijo delavcu, da bo potreboval manjšo silo za držanje orodja in upravljanje z njim;
Reducing the gripping or pushing forces exerted through the hand reduces the vibration passing into the user’s hand and arm.
Pomembna je učinkovitost orodja: orodje, ki potrebuje dolgo časa za delovno nalogo, ni priljubljeno in povzroči večjo izpostavljenosti vibracijam kot učinkovito orodje z večjo amplitudo vibracije.
These forces may be required to support the tool or workpiece, to control or guide the machine, or to achieve high work-rates.
Vendar pa lahko premočno orodje za delovno nalogo po nepotrebnem povzroči izpostavljenost previsokim amplitudam vibracij.
However, the actual forces applied can be greater than is necessary for efficient work because of incorrect equipment selection, inadequate maintenance, insufficient training or poor workstation design.
•uporaba tehnike kot pri podiranju dreves v gozdarstvu, kjer verižna žaga drsi vzdolž debla pri odstranjevanju vej, namesto da bi delavec ves čas držal težo žage.
฀•฀฀grip forces
3.3.4 Oblika delovne postaje
฀•฀฀ease of use and handling
3.3.5 Usposabljanje in informiranje delavcev
Some methods of reducing grip and push forces are:
Pomembno je, da zagotovite nadzornikom informacije o:
฀•฀฀cold from grip surfaces or from exhaust air on pneumatic tools
• • • rezultatih ocene tveganja zaradi vibracij in kakršnih koli meritev vibracij;
฀•฀฀where heavy workpieces are ground by hand at pedestal grinders, support for the whole piece will mean that the worker needs only to guide it onto the wheel, rather than support all the weight;
„Protivibracijski“ ročaji lahko zmanjšajo vibracije, vendar pa nepravilna izbira te vrste ročaja lahko celo poveča vibracije v dlani, zato uporabljajte samo ročaje, ki jih odobrijo proizvajalci orodja.
฀•฀฀noise and
•kontrolnih ukrepih, ki se izvajajo za odpravo ali zmanjšanje tveganja zaradi vibracij v dlani in roki;
฀•฀฀tension chains (sometimes called balancers) and manipulators can be used to support vibrating tools such as heavy drills, grinders, nut runners, nailing guns (in some cases) and pneumatic chisels, thus relieving the operator from supporting the tool’s weight;
Elastični materiali varnih delovnih praksah, ki zmanjšajo izpostavljenost vibracijam na najmanjšo možno stopnjo;
฀•฀฀changes in the texture and material of a grip surface may allow the operator to use a smaller grip force to hold and control the tool;
•razlogih in načinih odkrivanja in prijavljanja znakov okvar;
However, tools that are too powerful for the job could result in exposure to unnecessarily high vibration magnitudes.
Če niste pazljivi pri izbiri, lahko elastični materiali povečajo vibracije pri nekaterih
฀•฀฀use of techniques such as bench-felling in forestry, where the chainsaw slides along the log during debranching, rather than holding the full weight of the saw at all times.
•razlogih in načinih prijavljanja strojev, potrebnih vzdrževanja;
It is important that you provide operators and supervisors with information on:
•okoliščinah, v katerih so delavci upravičeni do zdravstvenega nadzora.
The manufacturer should advise you of any training requirements, and may offer training for operators.
Za nadzor tveganj zaradi vibracij v dlani in roki boste morali morda omejiti čas, v katerem so delavci izpostavljeni vibracijam, ki jih povzroča nekatero orodje ali delovni postopki.
Workers can also be encouraged to rest the tool as much as possible on the material being worked (or in the case of hand-held workpieces, on any support provided) and to hold it with a light but safe grip.
Priporočeno je, da načrtujete delo, da delavci ne bi bili predolgo in neprekinjeno izpostavljeni vibracijam.
They should be encouraged to report any symptoms that may be associated with vibration or the use of power tools, etc.
Zagotovite, da so novi delovni vzorci dovolj nadzorovani, da se delavci ne bi povrnili nazaj na stare vzorce.
If they are taking part in a health surveillance scheme then this may provide a regular opportunity for one-to-one discussion of the vibration hazard and how to reduce the risk of injury.
Če so delavci plačani po rezultatih, je treba izdelati sisteme, s katerimi boste preprečili preveč intenzivno delo posameznih delavcev s premalo prekinitvami v izpostavljenosti.
฀•฀฀why and how to detect and report signs of injury;
Prav tako morajo biti usposobljeni, da vedo, kdaj je treba stroje vzdrževati.
Workers should also be advised on the impact of nonwork activities on the risks to their health.
Kadar si več podjetij deli delovni prostor, se od različnih delodajalcev zahteva, da sodelujejo pri izvajanju varnostnih in zdravstvenih določb.
They should be encouraged to stop or cut-down and smoking, which can impair blood circulation. Workers should also be aware that the use of power tools for do-it-yourself work in the home or activities such as motorbike riding will add to daily vibration exposures and so increase the risk of developing handarm vibration injury.
To lahko na primer pomeni, da je eno podjetje odgovorno za nakup ali izposojo strojev z nizkimi vibracijami, kjer te stroje skupaj uporablja več izvajalcev na istem gradbišču.
฀•฀฀how and when to scrap inserted tools or consumables that contribute to excessive vibration exposures;
3.3.8 Varovalna obleka in osebna varovalna oprema
฀•฀฀the circumstances in which workers are entitled to health surveillance.
Pri nekaterih orodjih morajo biti delavčeve dlani v pravilnem položaju, da se izognete večji izpostavljenosti vibracijam.
To control the risks from handarm vibration you may need to limit the time workers are exposed to vibration from some tools or processes.
Osebna varovalna oprema je zadnja možnost za varovanje pred nevarnostmi pri delu, ki jo moramo šteti samo kot dolgoročno sredstvo nadzora, potem ko so bile izčrpane že vse druge možnosti.
It is recommended that you plan work to avoid workers being exposed to vibration for long, continuous periods.
Varovanje pred vibracijami
You should consult with the workers and their representatives when implementing control measures.
Proizvajalec vas mora seznaniti z vsemi zahtevami za usposabljanje in lahko ponudi usposabljanje za vaše upravljavce strojev.
Workers have a duty to cooperate when you take action to comply with European health and safety directives.
Delavcem lahko tudi svetujete, naj, če je to mogoče, naslonijo orodje na obdelovanca (ali če obdelovanca drži v roki, na kateri koli nosilec, ki je poleg) in ga na lahko držijo, toliko da omogoča varno delo.
Make sure that new work patterns are adequately supervised, to ensure that workers do not drift back to the older work patterns.
Rokavice, ki se tržijo kot „protivibracijske“, morajo imeti oznako CE kot dokazilo, da so bile preizkušene in da izpolnjujejo zahteve standarda EN ISO 10819:1997.
If workers are paid by results, the systems should be designed to avoid intensive working by individual workers with few breaks in exposure.
Vendar pa ta standard ne navaja podrobnih podatkov o zmogljivostih rokavic: zato morate posebej oceniti varovanje, ki ga ponujajo protivibracijske rokavice v skladu z zahtevami Direktive iz 1992 o osebni zaščitni opremi na delu.
Workers should be trained in working techniques, for example to help avoid excessive gripping, pushing and guiding forces and to ensure the tools are operated safely and with optimum efficiency.
Za zagotavljanje varovanja delavcev pred razvojem bolezni, ki nastanejo kot posledica vibracij, je potrebno usposabljanje in nadzor .
They will also need to be trained to recognise when a machine is in need of maintenance.
Spodbujati jih morate, da prijavijo kakršne koli simptome, ki so lahko povezani z vibracijami ali uporabo motornega orodja itd.
With some tools, the operator’s hands must be in the correct position to avoid increased vibration exposure.
To pomeni, da je pri večini motornega ročnega orodja zmanjšanje frekvenčno utežene amplitude vibracije, ki jo ponujajo protivibracijske rokavice, zanemarljivo.
Many vibration-reduced tools, such as breakers with suspended handles, produce high vibration emissions if the operator pushes down too hard while operating the tool (road breakers can also produce high vibration emission if the tool is pulled up whilst operating, e.g. to remove the pick from a hole).
Protivibracijske rokavice lahko nekoliko zmanjšajo tveganje zaradi vibracij pri orodju, ki deluje pri visokih vrtilnih hitrostih (ali proizvaja vibracije pri visokih frekvencah) in se jih na lahko drži. Vendar se tovrstno zmanjšanje tveganja težko izmeri in navadno se ne bi smeli zanašati na to, da vas rokavice varujejo pred vibracijami v dlani in roki.
Where several undertakings share a work place, the various employers are required to cooperate in implementing the safety and health provisions.
Delavci morajo biti tudi obveščeni o vplivu izvenslužbenih dejavnosti na tveganja za njihovo zdravje. Spodbujati jih morate, da prenehajo kaditi ali da zmanjšajo kajenje, ker to škodi krvnemu obtoku.
This may mean, for example, one company taking responsibility for purchasing or hiring low-vibration machinery, where the machines are shared amongst many contractors working on a construction site.
Prav tako se morajo delavci zavedati, da pri neprofesionalni uporabi motornega orodja doma ali dejavnostih, kot je vožnja z motorjem, povečujejo svojo izpostavljenost vibracijam in s tem tveganje razvoja okvar zaradi vibracij v dlani in roki.
3.3.8 Clothing and personal protection or k)
3.3.9 Vzdrževanje i delu )
Protection from vibration
Nizka telesna temperatura povečuje tveganje za nastanek belih prstov, ki se pojavijo zaradi zmanjšanega krvnega obtoka.
You should provide warm clothing and gloves if there is an increased handarm vibration risk due to the cold.
Zato se morate, če je mogoče, ob hladnem vremenu izogibati delu zunaj.
Gloves and other clothing should be assessed for good fit and for effectiveness in keeping the hands and body warm and dry in the working environment.
Če morate delo opravljati zunaj, imate na voljo tudi nekatere stroje, kot so verižne žage z ogrevanim ročajem, ki vam pomagajo ohranjati tople roke.
Gloves marketed as ‘anti-vibration’ should carry the CE mark, indicating they have been tested and found to meet the requirements of EN ISO 10819:1997.
pravilno namestiti brusilne diske po navodilih proizvajalca; e 2002/44/ES (vibracije pr
Regular servicing of power tools and other work equipment will often help keep vibration magnitudes down to the minimum necessary, so:
•naoljiti pomične dele v skladu z navodili proizvajalca; e kt iv
฀•฀฀dress grinding wheels correctly by following the manufacturer’s recommendations;
•izvajati potrebne kontrole uravnovešanje in popravke; va ja nj eD ir
฀•฀฀lubricate any moving parts in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations
Izogibati se morate uporabi strojev, pri katerih vas lahko zebe v prste, kot so stroji z jeklenim ohišjem ali pnevmatska orodja, ki pihajo izpušni zrak preko delavčevih dlani.
N on b in d in g guide to good practice for implementing Directive 2002/44/EC (
•zamenjati protivibracijske zglobe in viseče ročaje, preden se uničijo (pregledati poškodbe, razpoke, nabrekline, nastajanje mehkih ali trdih delov na gumijastih zglobih); od ni kdo br
฀•฀฀carry out necessary balance checks and corrections;
•preveriti in zamenjati okvarjene dušilnike vibracij, ležaje in zobnike;
However this risk reduction cannot easily be quantified and so gloves should not normally be relied upon to provide protection from handarm vibration.
Zagotoviti morate toplo obleko in rokavice, če je zaradi mraza povečana nevarnost vibracij v dlani in roki.
฀•฀฀replace anti-vibration mounts and suspended handles before they deteriorate. (look for deterioration or the cracking, swelling and softening, or hardening, of rubber mounts);
Preveriti morate, ali se rokavice in druga obleka ustrezno prilegajo in so dovolj učinkovite, da roke in telo v delovnem okolju ostanejo topli.
฀•฀฀sharpen chainsaw teeth and keeping the correct chain tension;
•nabrusiti zobe verižne žage in vzdrževati pravilno napetost verige;
3.4 MONITORING AND REASSESSMENT
3.4 SPREMLJANJE IN PONOVNA OCENA
฀•฀฀changes in the number of hours worked with the vibrating equipment m
•spremembe v številu ur dela z vibrirajočo opremo,
฀•฀฀the introduction of new vibration control measures.
•uvajanje novih ukrepov za nadzor vibracij.
3.4.1 How do I know if my handarm vibration controls are working?
3.4.1 Kako vem, ali moji nadzorni mehanizmi za vibracije v dlani in roki delujejo?
You will also need to reassess the risks if there is evidence (e.g. from health surveillance) that your existing controls are not effective.
Morali boste redno pregledovati svoje nadzorne mehanizme vibracij v dlani in roki, da bi zagotovili, da so še vedno ustrezni in učinkoviti. Vaša dolžnost je:
You will need to review your handarm vibration controls periodically to ensure they are still relevant and effective. You should:
Tveganja boste morali ponovno oceniti tudi, če obstaja dokaz (npr. iz zdravstvenega nadzora), da sedanji mehanizmi nadzora niso učinkoviti.
Guide to good practice on Hand- A r
•redno preverjati, ali delavci in vodje še vedno izvajajo program nadzora, ki ste ga vpeljali; i praksi o vibracijah v dlani in r od o br oč ni k
฀•฀฀Check regularly that managers and workers are still carrying out the programme of controls you have introduced;
•redno govoriti z vodji, nadzorniki, delavci in delavskimi zaupniki za varnost o težavah, povezanih z vibracijami pri opremi ali načinom njene uporabe; ir r
The extent of the reassessment will depend on the nature of the changes and the number of people affected by them.
Obseg ponovne ocene bo odvisen od narave sprememb in števila oseb, ki jih spremembe zadevajo.
A change in hours or work patterns may require a recalculation of the daily exposure for the people affected, but will not necessarily alter the vibration magnitudes.
Sprememba ur ali delovnih vzorcev lahko zahteva ponoven izračun dnevne izpostavljenosti zadevnih ljudi, vendar ne bo nujno spremenila amplitude vibracij.
The introduction of new machinery or processes may require a full reassessment.
Uvedba novih strojev ali procesov lahko zahteva, da se ocena v celoti ponovi.
฀•฀฀Check the results of health surveillance and discuss with the occupational health provider whether the controls appear to be effective or need to be changed.
•preverjati rezultate zdravstvenega nadzora in se z izvajalcem zdravstvenih storitev pogovoriti, ali je nadzor učinkovit oziroma ga je treba spremeniti.
It is good practice to review your risk assessment and work practices at regular intervals, even if nothing obvious has changed.
Dobra praksa je pregledovati oceno tveganja in delovnih praks v rednih intervalih, tudi če se ni nič očitno spremenilo.
There may be new technology, tool designs or ways of working in your industry that would allow you to reduce risks further.
V vaši panogi se lahko pojavijo nove tehnologije, konstrukcije strojev ali načini dela, ki omogočajo nadaljnje zmanjševanje tveganj.
CHAPTER 4 HEALTH SURVEILLANCE
POGLAVJE 4: ZDRAVSTVENI NADZOR
Implementation of health surveillance is a clear Member State competence and there are differences in health surveillance practices across the European Union.
Izvajanje zdravstvenega nadzora v Evropski uniji je jasna pristojnost držav članic in obstajajo razlike v zdravstvenem nadzoru po Evropski uniji.
It is not the intention of this guide to provide definitive guidance on health surveillance.
Namen tega priročnika ni zagotoviti dokončne smernice o zdravstvenem nadzoru.
In this chapter we re-state the requirements for health surveillance given in the vibration directive and review some of the assessment techniques available.
V tem poglavju bomo predelali zahteve za zdravstveni nadzor, navedene v Direktivi o vibracijah, in pregledali nekatere razpoložljive tehnike ocenjevanja.
WHEN IS HEALTH SURVEILLANCE REQUIRED?
KDAJ JE POTREBEN ZDRAVSTVENI NADZOR?
Member States shall adopt provisions to ensure the appropriate health surveillance of workers where the handarm vibration risk assessment indicates a risk to their health.
Države članice vzpostavijo ureditev, ki bo zagotavljala, da se za vsakega delavca, ki je pod zdravstvenim nadzorom, izdela in posodablja osebna zdravstvena evidenca.
The provision of health surveillance, including the requirements specified for health records and their availability, shall be introduced in accordance with national laws and/or practice.
Zdravstvene evidence vsebujejo povzetek rezultatov opravljenega zdravstvenega nadzora. Hranijo se v ustrezni obliki, ki dopušča kasnejša posvetovanja, ob upoštevanju vsakršne zaupnosti.
Member States shall establish arrangements to ensure that, for each worker who undergoes health surveillance individual health records are made and kept up-to-date.
Države članice sprejmejo določbe, da zagotovijo ustrezen zdravstveni nadzor delavcev, kjer ocena tveganja zaradi vibracij v dlani in roki nakazuje tveganje za njihovo zdravje.
Health records shall contain a summary of the results of the health surveillance carried out. They shall be kept in a suitable form so as to permit any consultation at a later date, taking into account any confidentiality.
Predpis o zdravstvenem nadzoru, vključno z zahtevami, določenimi za zdravstvene evidence in njihovo razpoložljivost, se uvedejo skladno z nacionalno zakonodajo in/ali prakso.
Copies of the appropriate records shall be supplied to the competent authority on request.
Kopije ustreznih evidenc se dostavljajo pristojnim organom na njihovo zahtevo.
The individual worker shall, at their request, have access to the health records relating to them personally.
Vsak delavec ima na svojo zahtevo dostop do zdravstvenih evidenc, ki se nanašajo nanj osebno.
Employers should provide appropriate health surveillance where the risk assessment indicates a risk to workers’ health.
Delodajalci morajo zagotoviti ustrezen zdravstveni nadzor, kjer ocena tveganja nakazuje tveganje za zdravje delavcev.
Health surveillance should be instituted for workers who are at risk from vibration injury, where:
Zdravstveni nadzor mora biti uveden za delavce s tveganjem okvar zaradi vibracij, kadar:
4.3 WHAT TO DO IF INJURY IS IDENTIFIED?
KAJ STORITI, ČE SE ODKRIJE OKVARA?
฀•฀฀the exposure of workers to vibration is such that a link can be established between that exposure and an identifiable illness or harmful effects on health,
•je izpostavljenost delavcev vibracijam takšna, da je mogoče vzpostaviti povezavo med to izpostavljenostjo in prepoznavno boleznijo ali zdravju škodljivim učinkom;
Where, as a result of health surveillance, a worker is found to have an identifiable disease or adverse health effect that is considered by a doctor or occupational healthcare professional to be the result of exposure to mechanical vibration at work:
Kadar se pri zdravstvenem nadzoru odkrije, da ima delavec prepoznavno bolezen ali delo s škodljivim zdravstvenim učinkom, ki je po mnenju zdravnika ali strokovnjaka medicine dela posledica izpostavljenosti mehanskim vibracijam pri delu:
฀•฀฀there are tested techniques for the detection of the illness or the harmful effects on health.
•je verjetno, da se bolezen ali učinki pri delavcu pojavljajo v posebnih delovnih pogojih, in
Information for the worker
Informacije za delavca
The worker shall be informed, by the doctor or other suitably qualified person, of the results of their own personal
V vsakem primeru so delavci, katerih dnevna izpostavljenost vibracijam presega dnevno opozorilno vrednost izpostavljenosti, upravičeni do ustreznega zdravstvenega nadzora.
In any event, workers whose daily vibration exposure exceeds the daily exposure action value are entitled to appropriate health surveillance.
Delavci morajo biti zlasti obveščeni in poučeni o kakršnem koli zdravstvenem nadzoru, v katerega bodo vključeni po koncu izpostavljenosti.
health surveillance.
Informacije za delodajalca