natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Attention is also paid to the way OSH can be linked to quality management and occupational health programmes (e.g. workplace health promotion).
Pozornost se nadalje namenja vprašanju, kako je varnost in zdravje pri delu mogoče povezati s sistemom zagotavljanja kakovosti in programi zdravja pri delu (na primer spodbujanjem zdravja na delovnem mestu).
As organisations may adopt multiple management systems and/or management system standards at the same time (with regard to quality, environment and OSH), the need to integrate the management systems might emerge.
Ker lahko organizacije hkrati sprejmejo več sistemov upravljanja in/ali standardov za sisteme upravljanja (glede kakovosti, okolja ter varnosti in zdravja pri delu), se lahko pojavi potreba po njihovi povezavi.
Hence, the issue of ‘integrated management systems’ (IMS) is also examined.
Zato poročilo obravnava tudi vprašanje „celostnih sistemov upravljanja“.
There is a great deal of research on, and interest in, the topics of managing OSH and incorporating OSH into the overall management and business processes.
Obstaja splošno soglasje med raziskovalci, da je treba na upravljanje varnosti in zdravja pri delu gledati kot na del splošne strukture upravljanja, in ne kot na ločen poslovni proces.
Research into the effectiveness of OSH management is still in its infancy and has to deal with several methodological difficulties. Descriptions and examples of OSH management systems show that these systems focus mainly on safety (prevention of accidents) and not on the prevention of other workrelated negative health effects.
Domneva se, da tesna povezanost varnosti in zdravja pri delu z glavnimi dejavnostmi organizacije vpliva na njuno višjo raven v obdobju organizacijskih sprememb (na primer v obdobju gospodarskih težav, prevzemov, zmanjšanja obsega poslovanja ali hitrega tehnološkega razvoja).
There appear to be few OSH management system practices focusing on organisational risks and psychosocial health effects (e.g. violence and conflict at the workplace, problems of shiftwork or long working hours, etc.).
Popolna integracija pa lahko povzroči tudi težave, saj bosta morda varnost in zdravje pri delu obravnavani kot manj pomembni vprašanji.
In general, non-standard employment (temporary and parttime employment, telework, etc.) and employment in small and medium-sized enterprises can be regarded as two important fields which present major challenges to the management of OSH.
Nujne zadeve se bodo verjetno obravnavale prednostno in mednje se običajno uvrščajo tiste, ki so povezane z zagotavljanjem proizvodnje.
Case studies e an A g en c y f or S a f
■ da nadaljnje preučevanje učinkovitosti in kakovosti strategij/programov upravljanja varnosti in zdravja pri delu ter njihovo s k a a
The case studies presented in the report include examples and good practice advice on how OSH can be incorporated into general management and business processes.
) predstavlja dodaten da je potreben nadaljnji razvoj teh politik in praks, da se zagotovi boljše vključevanje vseh vprašanj, povezanih z varnostjo in zdravjem pri delu, v splošne upravne in poslovne procese.
It has a selection of 20 cases and snapshots from 12 EU countries.
raziskovalni izziv.
The formulation, implementation and promotion of an integrated, proactive approach towards OSH management is supported by policies and practices established at international, European and national levels.
Oblikovanje, izvajanje in spodbujanje celostnega in proaktivnega pristopa k upravljanju varnosti in zdravja pri delu podpirajo politike in prakse na mednarodni, evropski in nacionalni ravni.
These policies and practices, aimed at promoting and supporting the incorporation of OSH issues into management, are also presented in the report.
Te politike in prakse so predstavljene v poročilu.
It discusses strategies, legal provisions, standards, guidelines, programmes and campaigns, initiated and undertaken by different stakeholders such as international organisations, EU bodies, governments, employer and employee associations, labour inspectorates, insurance institutions, etc.
Obravnavani so strategije, predpisi, standardi, smernice, programi in kampanje, ki so jih začele in izvedle različne zainteresirane strani, na primer mednarodne organizacije, organi EU, vlade, združenja delodajalcev in sindikati, inšpektorati za delo, zavarovalnice itd.
The cases show that among many other positive effects, improvements in OSH management can result in: n d H
Študije primerov, predstavljene v poročilu, vključujejo primere dobre prakse in nasvete o tem, kako je varnost in zdravje pri delu mogoče vključiti v splošne upravne in poslovne procese.
The improvement of workers’ motivation as well as an enhanced risk assessment process and measurement of OSH performance.
Primeri kažejo, da lahko izboljšave pri upravljanju varnosti in zdravja pri delu poleg drugih pozitivnih učinkov privedejo do: e p
An improvement of the working conditions and well-being of the workers and, consequently, a decrease in occupational accident rates, number of days lost due to accidents and workrelated diseases and related costs.
Politike, povezane z upravljanjem varnosti in zdravja pri delu, vključujejo obvezne in prostovoljne ukrepe.
Policies related to OSH management include mandatory as well as voluntary measures.
Pravni okvir sistematičnega upravljanja varnosti in zdravja pri delu ter izvajanje sistemov upravljanja varnosti in zdravja pri delu sta v Evropski uniji določena z okvirno direktivo.
The legal framework of managing OSH in a systematic way and implementing OSH management systems has been established in the European Union by the Framework Directive.
V njej so opredeljeni temeljni cilji upravljanja varnosti in zdravja pri delu ter ukrepi, ki so potrebni za doseganje teh ciljev.
The Directive defines the basic goals of OSH management and the measures necessary to achieve these goals.
Izvajanje zakonodaje podpirajo različne prostovoljne pobude, osredotočene na izboljšanje varnosti in zdravja pri delu.
The implementation of legislation is supported by various voluntary initiatives directed at OSH improvement.
Mednarodna organizacija dela (MOD) ima pomembno vlogo pri spodbujanju uvajanja prostovoljnih sistemov upravljanja varnosti in zdravja pri delu.
The International Labour Organisation (ILO) plays an important role in promoting the application and implementation of voluntary OSH management systems.
Njen pristop podpira več nacionalnih praks, med katerimi so nacionalne smernice in programi za spodbujanje.
The ILO approach is supported by several national practices, including national guidelines and promotional programmes.
izboljšanja delovnih razmer in dobrega počutja delavcev ter posledično tudi zmanjšanja števila nezgod pri delu, števila izgubljenih delovnih dni zaradi nezgod pri delu in poklicnih bolezni ter s tem povezanih stroškov.
The examples of successful actions in different EU countries described in the report confirm that:
Primeri uspešnih ukrepov v različnih državah članicah EU, opisani v poročilu, potrjujejo:
Many examples in the report feature organisations that strive continuously to improve working conditions and their workers’ safety and health.
V številnih primerih, opisanih v poročilu, nastopajo organizacije, ki si nenehno prizadevajo izboljšati delovne razmere ter varnost in zdravje svojih delavcev.
This is not only for moral reasons but also because they believe that the creation of a safe and healthy working environment leads to the limitation of losses and improvements in productivity and competitiveness.
Tega ne delajo samo iz moralnih razlogov, temveč verjamejo, da ustvarjanje varnih in zdravih delovnih razmer vodi do zmanjšanja izgub ter povečanja produktivnosti in konkurenčnosti.
Efficient OSH management is believed to be closely related to strategic activities aimed at enhancing the organisation’s overall performance.
Domneva se, da je učinkovito upravljanje varnosti in zdravja pri delu tesno povezanost s strateškimi aktivnostmi za povečanje splošne uspešnosti organizacije.
How to get the report
Kje lahko najdete poročilo
The full report is available in English on the Agency’s website at; http://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/reports/TE3009247ENC/view where it can be downloaded free of charge.
Celotno poročilo je na voljo v angleškem jeziku na spletnem naslovu agencije (http://osha.europa.eu), od koder si ga lahko brezplačno prenesete na računalnik.
This factsheet is available in all EU languages at: http://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/factsheets
Ta informativni bilten je na voljo v vseh jezikih EU na naslovu: http://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/factsheets.
Developing and establishing policies for OSH management requires cooperation between different actors, including governments, insurance institutions, employers’ organisations and trade unions.
spodbujanje izboljšav varnosti in zdravja delavcev pri delu.
Safe maintenance in practice — Success factors Summary of an Agency report
Varnost pri vzdrževalnih delih vpraksi – dejavniki uspešnosti Povzetek poročila Agencije
Combination of preventive measures
Združevanje preventivnih ukrepov
Preventive measures are more successful when used in combination.
Preventivni ukrepi so uspešnejši, če se uporabljajo vkombinaciji.
For example, conducting risk assessments and implementing safety procedures and safe systems of work should be backed up with behavioural safety initiatives, training and information.
Izvajanje ocen tveganja ter varnostnih postopkov in varnih sistemov dela je treba na primer podpreti spobudami za vedenjsko varnost, usposabljanjem in obveščanjem.
Safe work procedures and clear guidelines for maintenance work
Varni delovni postopki in jasna navodila zavzdrževalna dela
Buildings and structures that are not maintained regularly eventually become unsafe not only for the people who work in them, but also for the general public.
Stavbe in objekti, ki niso redno vzdrževani, sčasoma postanejo nevarni, ne samo za ljudi, ki delajo vnjih, temveč tudi za širšo javnost.
Machinery that is poorly maintained or not maintained regularly may make working conditions unsafe for operators and create risks for other workers.
Stroji, ki so slabo vzdrževani ali niso vzdrževani redno, lahko ustvarijo delovne razmere, ki so nevarne tako za upravljavce strojev, kot tudi za druge delavce.
While maintenance is absolutely essential to ensure safe and healthy working conditions and prevent harm, the maintenance work itself is a high-risk activity.
Medtem ko je vzdrževanje vsekakor nujno za zagotovitev varnih in zdravih delovnih razmer ter preprečitev poškodb, pa je vzdrževalno delo samo po sebi zelo nevarna dejavnost.
A well-defined workflow for each maintenance task needs to be prepared and safe work procedures must be clearly communicated and understood.
Za vsako vzdrževalno delo je treba pripraviti ustrezno opredeljen potek dela, vsem vpletenim pa na razumljiv način predstaviti varne delovne postopke.
Procedures need to be in place for unexpected events.
Treba je zagotoviti tudi ukrepe za nepredvidene dogodke.
Part of the safe system of work should be to stop work when faced with an unforeseen problem or a problem exceeding one’s own competence.
Varni sistem dela mora vključevati tudi možnost zaustavitve dela, če se pojavi nepredvidena težava ali težava, ki presega usposobljenost posameznika.
It is the responsibility of each employer to protect their workers against possible work-related hazards.
Vsak delodajalec je odgovoren za zavarovanje svojih delavcev pred morebitnimi nevarnostmi na delovnem mestu.
The report ‘Safe maintenance in practice’ shows that many European companies, insurers and authorities have developed innovative approaches to tackling hazards that arise from maintenance work.
Poročilo „Varnost pri vzdrževalnih delih vpraksi“ kaže, da je veliko evropskih podjetij, zavarovalnic in organov razvilo inovativne pristope kodpravljanju nevarnosti, ki izhajajo iz vzdrževalnih del.
Based on the examples presented in the report, this factsheet summarises the success factors for the prevention of risks during maintenance operations.
Ta informativni bilten na podlagi primerov iz poročila povzema dejavnike uspešnosti pri preprečevanju tveganj med vzdrževalnimi deli.
Key success factors in the prevention of risks during maintenance operations
Učinkovita in stalna komunikacija
Management commitment and safety culture in the organisation
Odgovornost vodstva in varnostna kultura vorganizaciji
All relevant information related to the maintenance operations should be shared between all parties concerned.
Vse zadevne strani si morajo izmenjavati vse pomembne informacije ovzdrževalnih delih.
This includes not only the workers directly involved in the maintenance task, but also those likely to be affected by it or who may be working in the immediate vicinity.
To vključuje poleg delavcev, ki neposredno opravljajo vzdrževalno delo, tudi delavce, na katere bo to delo verjetno vplivalo ali ki bodo morda delali vneposredni bližini.
Communication between maintenance and production sta, as well as between the different contractors involved, is crucial.
Zelo pomembna je komunikacija med osebjem za vzdrževanje in osebjem iz proizvodnje ter med različnimi sodelujočimi pogodbenimi izvajalci.
Continuous improvement/development
Stalno izboljševanje/razvoj
Management commitment and safety culture are essential for safety and health at work in general and even more so during maintenance operations.
Odgovornost vodstva in varnostna kultura sta bistveni za varnost in zdravje pri delu na splošno, še zlasti pa pri vzdrževalnih delih.
Management commitment may be the single most important determinant of the safety culture of an organisation.
Odgovornost vodstva je morda najpomembnejša determinanta varnostne kulture organizacije.
It determines the resources (time, people, money) allocated to safety and health and produces higher levels of motivation for health and safety throughout the organisation.
Vodstvo določa vire (čas, ljudi, denar), dodeljene varnosti in zdravju, ter zagotavlja višjo raven motiviranosti za zdravje in varnost vvsej organizaciji.
Involvement and participation of the employees
Vključevanje in sodelovanje zaposlenih
Safety and health performance during maintenance operations should be continuously evaluated and improved based on audits and inspections, the results of risk assessment, incident, accident and near-miss investigations and feedback from employees, contractors and OSH personnel.
Uspešnost zagotavljanja varnosti in zdravja med vzdrževalnimi deli je treba stalno ocenjevati in izboljševati na podlagi revizij in inšpekcijskih pregledov, rezultatov ocene tveganja, preiskav nezgod, nesreč in skorajšnjih nesreč ter povratnih informacij zaposlenih, izvajalcev in strokovnega osebja za varnost in zdravje pri delu.
Safety training
Varnostno usposabljanje
Active employee participation in safety and health management is important to build ownership of safety at all levels and exploit the unique knowledge that employees have of their own work.
Dejavna udeležba zaposlenih pri upravljanju varnosti in zdravja je pomembna za oblikovanje zavesti olastni odgovornosti za zagotavljanje varnosti na vseh ravneh in uporabo edinstvenega znanja, ki ga imajo zaposleni osvojem delu.
Quite often they already know and can suggest practical ways of eliminating or mitigating risks.
Dokaj pogosto že poznajo in lahko predlagajo praktične načine za odpravo ali ublažitev tveganj.
A well-conducted risk assessment
Zanesljiva ocena tveganja
Before starting any maintenance work, a risk assessment should be carried out.
Pred začetkom izvajanja kakršnega koli vzdrževalnega dela je treba opraviti oceno tveganja.
Workers should be involved in the initial risk assessment. They may need to conduct further
Delavci morajo sodelovati pri začetni oceni tveganja, morda pa bodo dodatne ocene morali opraviti tudi med samim izvajanjem del.
Workers performing maintenance tasks, including contractors, should be competent in their professional areas of responsibility.
Delavci, ki izvajajo vzdrževalna dela, vključno spogodbenimi izvajalci, morajo biti ustrezno usposobljeni za svoje področje poklicne odgovornosti.
They should also receive safety and health training, and be informed about the hazards related to specific jobs and about safe working procedures.
Zagotoviti jim je treba tudi varnostno in zdravstveno usposabljanje ter obveščanje onevarnostih, povezanih zdoločenimi delovnimi mesti, in varnih delovnih postopkih.
There is a legal obligation for employers to provide information and training on health and safety to all employees who need it, including temporary staff and contractors.
Delodajalci imajo zakonsko obveznost, da zagotavljajo informacije ozdravju in varnosti ter usposabljanje vzvezi stem vsem zaposlenim, ki jih potrebujejo, vključno zzačasnim osebjem in pogodbenimi izvajalci.
Maintenance included in the comprehensive health and safety management system
Preventivni ukrepi vskladu shierarhijo preventivnih ukrepov
Preventive measures according to the prevention hierarchy
Vzdrževanje, vključeno vcelovit sistem upravljanja zdravja in varnosti
Preventive measures can be identified and implemented according to the results of the risk assessment.
Preventivni ukrepi se lahko določijo in izvajajo vskladu zrezultati ocene tveganja.
It is important to apply the principle of the prevention hierarchy (elimination — substitution — engineering — administrative controls — use of personal protective equipment) at all times.
Pomembno je, da se ves čas uporablja načelo hierarhije preprečevalnih ukrepov (odprava – nadomestitev – tehnični ukrep – administrativni nadzor – uporaba osebne varovalne opreme).
Maintenance tasks and their health and safety aspects should be an integral part of a company’s comprehensive health and safety management system, including all the elements mentioned above.
Vzdrževalna dela ter njihovi zdravstveni in varnostni vidiki morajo biti sestavni del celovitega sistema za upravljanje zdravja in varnosti vpodjetju, vključno zvsemi navedenimi elementi.
The safety management system should be continuously developed and improved.
Sistem upravljanja varnosti je treba stalno razvijati in izboljševati.
Prevention through design — eliminating hazards at the design stage o p e an A
Preprečevanje sprojektiranjem – odpravljanje nevarnosti vfazi projektiranja o p s k a agencija za v
One of the best ways to prevent and control occupational risks related to maintenance is to address them early in the design process of buildings and structures, work environments, materials and plant (machinery and equipment).
Eden od najboljših načinov preprečevanja in nadzora poklicnih tveganj, povezanih zvzdrževanjem, je njihovo pravočasno obravnavanje med projektiranjem stavb in objektov, delovnih okolij, materialov in obratov (strojev in opreme).
The report ‘Safe maintenance in practice’ contains several examples of considering maintenance during the design phase.
Poročilo „Varnost pri vzdrževalnih delih vpraksi“ vsebuje več primerov upoštevanja vzdrževalnih del vfazi projektiranja.
In the example presented by the Polish National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), a reeling machine was fitted with a stop mechanism that included an automatic hazard detection system to prevent any unexpected start-up of the machine during maintenance work.
V primeru, ki ga je predstavil poljski nacionalni raziskovalni inštitut (CIOP-PIB), je bil vnavijalni stroj nameščen ustavljalni mehanizem, ki vključuje samodejni sistem odkrivanja nevarnosti, da se prepreči nepredvideni zagon stroja med vzdrževalnim delom.
Considering future maintenance issues when the machine was being designed helped eliminate hazards and minimise the potential for injury while the machine was being serviced or repaired.
Upoštevanje problemov, povezanih sprihodnjim vzdrževanjem, že med samim projektiranjem, je pomagalo odpraviti nevarnosti in zmanjšati možnosti poškodb med servisiranjem ali popravilom stroja.
Another example presents the design of engine maintenance workshops of Air France Industries at Orly Airport using asimulation tool which helped identify safety, ergonomic orproduction issues at the design stage.
V drugem primeru je predstavljen projekt podjetja Air France Industries, vkaterem so delavnice za vzdrževanje motorjev na letališču Orly projektirali spomočjo simulacijskega orodja, ki pomaga ugotoviti varnostna, ergonomska ali proizvodna vprašanja že vfazi projektiranja.
In order to prevent work accidents, BASF has introduced anumber of safety measures including a well-defined workflow which covers every step of maintenance work from risk assessment (with a consignment note (‘Begleitschein’) system) before starting the work, to remounting pipes at the end of the process.
Za preprečitev nesreč pri delu je BASF uvedel številne varnostne ukrepe, vključno zustrezno opredeljenim potekom dela, ki vključuje vse faze vzdrževalnega dela od ocene tveganja (s sistemom tovornih listov – Begleitschein) pred začetkom dela do razstavitve cevi na koncu postopka.
In addition, the management actively supports the training of its own employees and contract workers, and encourages a lively safety culture.
Vodstvo podjetja hkrati dejavno podpira usposabljanje zaposlenih in pogodbenih delavcev ter spodbuja dejavno varnostno kulturo.
Together with TNO, NedTrain, a company based in the Netherlands, has conducted a pilot project to design a workshop for the maintenance of high-speed trains.
Podjetje NedTrain ssedežem na Nizozemskem je skupaj spodjetjem TNO izvedlo pilotni projekt projektiranja delavnice za vzdrževanje hitrih vlakov.
Various stakeholders were involved and consulted.
Sodelovale in svetovale so različne zainteresirane strani.
This inclusive approach has led to several innovations such as the introduction of an automatic lifting robot to prevent mechanics having to lift heavy loads, and several solutions to improve safety when working at height.
Rezultat tega vključujočega pristopa je bilo več inovacij, kot so uvedba avtomatskega dvižnega robota, ki zagotavlja, da mehanikom ni treba dvigovati težkih bremen, ter več rešitev za večjo varnost pri delu na višini.
Since 2003, when the consignment note system was introduced, notifiable accidents during maintenance work caused by dangerous substances have been avoided.
Po letu 2003, ko je bil uveden sistem tovornih listov, med vzdrževalnimi deli zaradi nevarnih snovi ni bilo več nesreč, ki bi jih bilo treba prijaviti.
General accident numbers remain significantly below the chemical industry’s average.
Število nesreč na splošno ostaja precej pod povprečjem za kemično industrijo.
Major overhaul of conventional thermal power station
Večji remont konvencionalne termoelektrarne
Power stations require regular maintenance in order to run smoothly and efficiently.
Elektrarne je treba redno vzdrževati, da se zagotovi njihovo tekoče in učinkovito delovanje.
These maintenance operations are complex and may involve hazards for the workers.
Ta vzdrževalna dela so zapletena in so lahko za delavce nevarna.
Electrabel in Belgium has developed a management system for major overhauls of its power plant in Langerlo, including well- established communication structures and integrating safety and health issues throughout the whole process.
Electrabel v Belgiji je za svojo elektrarno v Langerloju razvil sistem upravljanja večjih remontov, ki vključuje ustrezno vzpostavljene komunikacijske strukture ter vcelotnem postopku upošteva varnostna in zdravstvena vprašanja.
A major overhaul involves a large number of contractors, which presents an additional risk factor.
Pri večjem remontu sodeluje veliko pogodbenih izvajalcev, kar pomeni dodatni dejavnik tveganja.
Electrabel developed an operational procedure for working with contractors which covers the relevant health and safety regulations that contractors need to be aware of, and all the rules that apply specifically to the Langerlo site.
Electrabel je razvil operativni postopek za delo spogodbenimi izvajalci, ki vključuje ustrezne zdravstvene in varnostne predpise, ki jih morajo pogodbeni izvajalci poznati, ter vsa pravila, ki se uporabljajo posebej za obrat v Langerloju.
Good maintenance in the chemical industry
© Zdovoljenjem podjetja Prevent