natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
This chapter looks at governance issues and in particular at structures, mechanisms, processes and forms of collaboration that make up the framework for integration policies and practices.
To poglavje obravnava vprašanja upravljanja in zlasti strukture, mehanizme, procese in oblike sodelovanja, ki sestavljajo okvir za politike in prakse vključevanja.
The putting into place of such a framework enhances the capacity of stakeholders to act.
Vzpostavitev takšnega okvira povečuje zmožnost delovanja zainteresiranih strani.
The chapter shows how the different actors involved in immigrant integration can jointly define relationships that capitalise on each stakeholder’s strengths and assets.
V poglavju je prikazano, kako lahko različni akterji, ki sodelujejo v vključevanju priseljencev, skupaj opredelijo razmerja, ki izkoriščajo prednosti in sredstva vseh zainteresiranih strani.
The chapter first describes ways of coordinating integration activities at the local level.
To poglavje najprej opisuje načine za usklajevanje dejavnosti vključevanja na lokalni ravni.
It then looks at evaluation as a key aspect of good policy and programme design.
Nato obravnava vrednotenje kot ključni vidik dobrega oblikovanja politik in programov.
Lastly, it addresses the management of resources and considers the roles of various public and private actors in funding integration policies and practices.
Nazadnje obravnava upravljanje virov in proučuje vloge različnih javnih in zasebnih akterjev pri financiranju politik in praks vključevanja.
The examples and lessons learned presented in this chapter relate closely to the exploration of mainstreaming (see Chapter 1).
Primeri in pridobljena nova spoznanja, predstavljeni v tem poglavju, so tesno povezani z raziskovanjem integracije (glej Poglavje I).
They offer additional perspectives on some of the questions raised in the mainstreaming context: what is the right balance between leadership and ownership, coordination and flexibility?
Ponujajo dodatna stališča glede nekaterih vprašanj, zastavljenih v okviru integracije: kakšno je pravo razmerje med vodstvom in lastništvom, usklajevanjem in prožnostjo?
Investing in building and maintaining an integration governance structure is well worth the effort as it helps to develop an integration vision and strategy, generate resources, mobilise people and organisations, forge partnerships and build trust, all being crucially important for the achievement of short and longer term integration goals.
Vlaganje v oblikovanje strukture upravljanja vključevanja in njeno vzdrževanje je zelo pripo-ročljivo, saj pomaga razvijati vizijo in strategijo vključevanja, ustvarjati vire, pritegniti ljudi in organizacije, oblikovati partnerstva in graditi zaupanje; vse to pa je zelo pomembno za doseganje kratkoročnih in dolgoročnih ciljev na področju vključevanja.
Local integration structures
Lokalne strukture za integracije
Diversity as a result of immigration has become a feature of many local communities across Europe.
Raznolikost kot posledica priseljevanja, je postala značilnost številnih lokalnih skupnosti v Evropi.
While the majority of immigrants and refugees continue to settle in cities, smaller municipalities and rural communities are also experiencing new inflows.
Medtem ko se večina priseljencev in beguncev še vedno naseljuje v mestih, tudi manjše občine in podeželske skupnosti doživljajo novo priseljevanje.
In some cases, the make-up of local populations can change fairly rapidly, with the proportion of migrant residents growing much faster than is the case for the national average.
V nekaterih primerih se lahko sestava lokalnega prebivalstva precej hitro spremeni, ko delež prebivalcev migrantov raste precej hitreje od nacionalnega povprečja.
Local authorities and other stakeholders react to such changes by developing integration structures.
Lokalni organi oblasti in druge zainteresirane strani se na take spremembe odzivajo z razvijanjem struktur za vključevanje.
Ideally they fit well with overall policy and administrative processes, and are based on common goals.
V najboljšem primeru te strukture ustrezajo splošni politiki in upravnim procesom ter temeljijo na skupnih ciljih.
Strong networks can help to build consensus around integration and make the delivery of programmes more effective.
Močne mreže lahko prispevajo k doseganju konsenza glede vključevanja in boljši učinkovitosti izvajanja programov.
The legislative and policy framework
Pravni in politični okvir
Local integration policies are developed within the legislative framework for admission and residence, which is generally set at national and European level.
Lokalne politike vključevanja se razvijajo znotraj pravnega okvira dovolitve vstopa in prebivanja, ki se ponavadi določi na nacionalni in evropski ravni.
Legal requirements on admission conditions, residence and work permits, equal treatment and access to nationality are relevant parts of this framework, as well as refugee-related instruments
Zakonske zahteve glede pogojev za dovolitev vstopa, dovoljenj za prebivanje in delo, enake obravnave in pridobivanja državljanstva so pomembni deli tega okvira, tako kot tudi predpisi glede beguncev in izgona.
* and rules on expulsion. Local governments are responsible for implementing some aspects of immigration laws and other tasks set by higher levels of government.
* sektorjih, na primer v zdravstvenem in stanovanjskem sektorju.
They are therefore dealing with the consequences of migration, be it regular or irregular, economic or family-based, temporary or permanent.
Torej se ukvarjajo s posledi-cami migracije, zakonite ali nezakonite, zaradi ekonomskih ali družinskih razlogov, začasne ali trajne.
Structured communication and dialogue between European, national and local governance levels makes it possible to anticipate and assess the impact of measures taken at one level on another level.
Strukturirano sporazumevanje in dialog med evropskimi, nacionalnimi in lokalnimi ravnmi uprave omogočata predvidevanje in vrednotenje učinka ukrepov, sprejetih na eni ravni, na drugo raven.
Equally, outcomes of integration programmes at one level could inform policies at other levels.
Prav tako bi lahko rezultati programov vključevanja na eni ravni vplivali na politike na drugih ravneh.
Many local governments have begun the process of anchoring integration as a mainstream issue.
Veliko lokalnih organov oblasti je začelo postopek uveljavljanja vključevanja kot pomembnega vprašanja.
In some instances mayors or deputy-mayors play a leading and visible role.
V nekaterih primerih imajo pri tem vodilno in vidno vlogo župani ali njihovi namestniki.
More often, a specific unit or office is designated to promote integration as a priority for the whole administration.
Pogosteje se za spodbujanje vključevanja kot prednostne naloge za vso upravo določi posebna enota ali urad.
In both cases the implementation of concrete policies is left to the individual departments.
V obeh primerih je izvajanje konkretnih politik prepuščeno posameznim oddelkom.
Strong and visible leadership of mayors and/or elected local officials on integration issues is instrumental to a coherent approach to integration across multiple policy areas and helps bridge gaps between government and residents with or without an immigrant background.
Močno in opazno vodstvo županov in/ali izvoljenih uradnih oseb lokalne skupnosti na področju vključevanja je koristno za usklajen pristop k vključevanju na več področjih politike in pomaga premostiti vrzeli med vlado in prebivalci, ki imajo priseljenske korenine in tistimi, ki jih nimajo.
Integration strategies and goals
Strategije in cilji vključevanja
When they decide to become more active on integration, local communities can develop an ‘integration concept’ or strategy.
Ko se lokalne skupnosti odločijo, da bodo postale bolj dejavne pri vključevanju, lahko razvijejo „koncept“ ali strategijo vključevanja.
Often it is developed in a participatory process, in which key actors in the local community find answers to questions such as: what are our overall goals with regard to integration, and how do they relate to the main needs and problems identified in our community?
To se pogosto razvije s sodelovalnim postopkom, v katerem ključni akterji iz lokalnih skupnosti poiščejo odgovore na vprašanja, kot so: Kaj so naši splošni cilji na področju vključevanja in kako so povezani z glavnimi potrebami ter teža-vami, ki se pojavljajo v naši skupnosti?
Can we agree on a statement of aspirations?
Se lahko dogovorimo glede izjave o prizadevanju?
Which priorities should be set, what concrete objectives should be formulated, and how can they be reached?
Katere prednostne naloge je treba določiti, katere konkretne cilje oblikovati in kako jih je mogoče doseči?
Local communities can develop integration strategies individually, or draw on the ideas and experiences of others to identify common principles and goals.
Lokalne skupnosti lahko same razvijejo strategije vključevanja ali pa izhaja-jo iz zamisli in izkušenj drugih, da opredelijo skupna načela in cilje.
Representatives of public and private institutions and organisations met for two years in working groups.
Predstavniki javnih in zasebnih ustanov in organizacij so se dve leti javnih javnih in in zasebnih zasebnih ustanov ustanov in in organizacij organizacij so so se se dve dve leti leti sestajali v delovnih skupinah. Posebno
Employment, health, housing and youth/school issues were given special attention.
Posebno pozornost so namenili vprašanjem s področja zapo- pozornost pozornost so so namenili namenili vprašanjem vprašanjem s s področja področja za po - za po - slovanja, zdravstva, stanovanj in mladine/izobraževanja. Skupine
The groups identified problems, compiled an inventory of existing projects and services, and defined targets.
Skupine so opredelile težave, sesta- so so opredelile opredelile težave, težave, se s ta- se s ta- vile seznam obstoječih projektov in storitev ter opredelile cilje. Trenutno
Currently, the administration is working towards the development of a system of indicators to help with planning.
Trenutno uprava razvija sis- uprava uprava razvija razvija si s - si s - tem kazalnikov, ki ji bodo pomagali pri načrtovanju.
A ‘Contribution to Good Governance concerning the integration of immigrants and reception of asylum seekers’ has been adopted by the members of Eurocities, a network of 128 large European cities.
Listina „Contribution to Good Governance concerning the integration of immigrants and reception of asylum seekers“ (Prispevek k dobri upravi na področju vključevanja priseljencev in sprejemanja prosilcev za azil) so sprejeli člani Eurocities, mreže 128 velikih evropskih mest. Listino
The Contribution to Good Governance provides the basis for a systematic learning process between cities.
Prispevek k dobri upravi zagotavlja podlago za sistematični učni proces med mesti. Glavni
The ultimate purpose of the document is to encourage innovation through structured monitoring and evaluation of actions.
Glavni cilj tega dokumenta je spodbujanje inovacij s strukturiranim spremljanjem in vrednotenjem ukrepov.
Local integration policies are more effective when they build on the support of the whole community.
Lokalne politike vključevanja so učinkovitejše, kadar temeljijo na podpori celotne skupnosti.
Rather than being directed at migrants only, they relate to all residents as well as the administration itself.
Namesto da bi bile usmerjene samo na migrante, so povezane z vsemi prebivalci in tudi s samo upravo.
Often, they require real changes across a number of departments and fields of municipal action.
Zanje so pogosto potrebne resnične spremembe številnih oddelkov in področij občinskih ukrepov.
Political backing is therefore essential.
Zato je nujna politična podpora.
Local leaders can raise support for the common integration strategy through public declarations, by highlighting the contributions of immigrants to the city community and by honouring volunteer commitment and the role of immigrant associations.
Lokalni vodje lahko pridobijo podporo za skupno strategijo vključevanja z javnimi izjavami, tako da poudarijo prispevke priseljencev k mestni skupnosti in priznavajo prizadevanja prostovoljcev ter vlogo združenj priseljencev.
Ideally, commitment from the top is underpinned by a broad political and societal consensus concerning the importance of integration.
Najbolje je, da je zavzetost z vrha podprta s širo-kim političnim in družbenim konsenzom o pomembnosti vključevanja.
Although full agreement on the goals of integration cannot always be achieved, residents, local organisations, administration and political parties should find a workable minimum consensus combined with respect for the opinions of others.
Čeprav popolnega soglasja o ciljih vključevanja ni mogoče vedno doseči, morajo prebivalci, lokalne organizacije, uprava in politične stranke ob upoštevanju mnenj drugih poiskati izvedljivo minimalno soglasje.
Bipartisan cooperation is especially valuable, as integration strategies typically involve budgetary commitments.
Posebej dragoceno je dvostransko sodelovanje, saj strategije vključevanja ponava-
The Municipal Immigration Plan of the city of Barcelona was approved with the consensus of all political parties and emphasises that integration is a joint responsibility.
Mestni načrt Barcelone za priseljevanje je bil odobren s soglasjem vseh političnih strank in
It is based on the view of diversity as a resource.
$ poudarja, da je vključevanje skupna odgovornost. Temelji
Only 2.6% of immigrants are older than 65 years, compared to 21.9% of Barcelona’s residents.
% priseljencev priseljencev s ta- s ta- rejših od 65 let. 27,3
27.3% have a university education, with immigrant women showing particularly high percentages.
27,3 % priseljencev ima univerzitetno izobrazbo, odstotek je visok predvsem
The Municipal Immigration Plan places its policies and programmes in this context of ‘diversity as an asset’.
Mestni načrt za priseljevanje postavlja svoje politike načrt načrt za za priseljevanje priseljevanje postavlja postavlja svoje svoje politike politike in in in programe v ta programe programe v v ta ta okvir „raznolikosti kot prednosti“. Predvideva
It foresees significant adaptations to public services, housing etc. in response to new needs.
Predvideva bistveno prilagajanje bistveno bistveno prilagajanje prilagajanje javnih javnih javnih storitev, stano- storitev, storitev, sta no - sta no - vanjskega področja itd. kot odziv na nove potrebe.
Integration strategies often combine a general vision with more specific goals and objectives.
Strategije vključevanja pogosto združujejo splošno vizijo z bolj specifičnimi cilji.
These can become part of the administration’s overall evaluation and monitoring practices.
To lahko postane del splošne prakse uprave na področju vrednotenja in spremljanja.
Many local administrations engage in formalised reporting to the city council, and integration can be given a recognised place in such reports.
Veliko lokalnih uprav mora formalno poročati mestnemu svetu in vključevanje lahko dobi pomembno mesto v teh poročilih.
Departments can additionally engage in self-evaluation and set deadlines for concrete tasks.
Poleg tega lahko oddelki opravijo samovrednotenje in določijo roke za konkretne naloge.
Data to support evaluations can be obtained through attitude surveys, records of the use of municipal services, school statistics, occupancy statistics of city-owned housing, local crime prevention reports, records of social and political participation such as volunteering and membership rates, and other sources.
Podatki za podporo vrednotenju se lahko pridobijo z raziskavami stališč, evidencami uporabe občinskih storitev, šolskimi statistikami, statistikami stanovalcev v občinskih stanovanjih, lokalnimi poročili o preprečevanju kriminala, evidencami socialne in politične udeležbe, kot so odstotki prostovoljcev in članov, ter z drugimi viri.
Networks and consultation
Mreže in posvetovanje
Local integration networks can facilitate coordination between migrant organisations, service providers, municipal administrations, educational institutions, employers, religious and philanthropic organisations, and other actors.
Lokalne mreže za vključevanje lahko olajšajo usklajevanje med organizacijami migrantov, ponudniki storitev, občinskimi upravami, izobraževalnimi ustanovami, delodajalci, verskimi in človekoljubnimi organizacijami ter drugimi akterji.
They can be used for information exchange purposes, for professional cooperation, or to achieve a better use of scarce resources.
Uporabljajo se lahko za izmenjavo in-formacij, strokovno sodelovanje ali učinkovitejšo uporabo redkih virov.
They mobilise organisations and people, build bridges and establish trust.
Te mreže pritegnejo organizacije in ljudi, gradijo mostove in zaupanje.
Often, municipal administrations initiate and lead local integration networks.
Lokalne mreže za vključevanje pogosto oblikujejo in vodijo občinske uprave.
However, networks can also be created ‘bottom-up’ by other stakeholders, building on roundtables and informal groupings as precursors to more formal structures.
Vendar pa lahko mreže „od spodaj navzgor“ ustvarijo tudi druge zainteresirane strani, tako da na okro-glih mizah in neformalnih druženjih razvijajo bolj formalne strukture.
Networks may likewise emerge during the implementation of projects.
Prav tako se lahko mreže oblikujejo med izvajanjem projektov.
The development of contacts and partnerships has become one of the products of many integration projects and can leave a lasting legacy of networking structures.
Razvoj stikov in partnerstev je postal eden od proizvodov številnih projektov vključevanja in lahko ustvari trajne mrežne strukture. Izziv je, kako prenesti te mreže iz okvira projekta in ustvariti dolgotrajne mreže.
In Italy, the EQUAL project ‘Integra’ has led to the formation of local integration roundtables in seven municipalities, which continue beyond the project and have also been emulated by other municipalities.
V Italiji so se zaradi projekta „Integra“ pobude EQUAL oblikovale lokalne okrogle mize o vključevanju v sedmih občinah, ki se po koncu projekta nadaljujejo in jih že posnemajo druge občine. „Integra“
‘Integra’ provides refugees and asylum seekers with language training, skills audits, job orientation, apprenticeships and other services to facilitate their access to the labour market.
„Integra“ beguncem beguncem beguncem in in in prosilcem za azil zagotavlja učenje prosilcem prosilcem za za azil azil zagotavlja zagotavlja učenje učenje jezika, jezika, jezika, presojo presojo presojo spretnosti in znanja, poklicno usmerjanje, pripravništva in druge storitve, s katerimi jim olajša dostop do trga dela.
The project involves a National Thematic Table and Local Integration Tables set up in the seven participating municipalities.
Projekt vključuje nacionalno tematsko okroglo mizo in lokalne okrogle mize o vključevanju,
The Local Integration Tables are moderated by the local authority and include representatives of employment offices, vocational training agencies, trade unions, asylum seekers and refugees, and other local partners.
Lokalne okrogle mize o vključevanju vodijo lo- okrogle okrogle mize mize o o vključevanju vključevanju vodijo vodijo lo- lo- kalne oblasti in vključujejo predstavnike uradov za zaposlovanje, agencij za poklicno uspo- sabljanje, sindikatov, prosilcev za azil, beguncev in drugih lokalnih partnerjev. Razen
Beyond the project activities themselves, the identification of representatives within each institution and the establishment of the networks are seen as a positive result.
Razen dejav- de jav- de jav- nosti, povezanih s samim projektom, štejeta za pozitiven rezultat tudi določanje predstavnikov v vsaki ustanovi in oblikovanje mrež.
Projects with a strong networking element are frequently embedded in national initiatives backed by powerful actors such as trade union confederations or employers associations.
Projekti, pri katerih je pomembno nastajanje mrež, so pogosto vključeni v nacionalne pobude, ki jih podpirajo vplivni akterji, kot so zveze sindikatov ali združenja delodajalcev.
They may also involve national associations of municipalities or regional structures.
Vključujejo lahko tudi nacionalna združenja občin ali regionalnih struktur.
Experience suggests that successful networks often have a formalised structure that is accepted by the members as legitimate.
Izkušnje kažejo, da imajo uspešne mreže pogosto formalno strukturo, ki jo člani sprejmejo kot legitimno.
Ideally, the structure provides for a clear division of labour with a chair (which could rotate) and a secretariat.
Najbolje je, da struktura zagotavlja jasno delitev dela s predsednikom (ki se lahko menja) in sekretariatom.
Core groups and working groups can be used to give coherence to larger networks, while rules of procedure and conflict regulation mechanisms contribute to the sustainability of the structure.
Glavne skupine in delovne skupine se lahko uporabljajo za večjo skladnost večjih mrež, poslovniki in mehanizmi za reševanje konfliktov pa pripomore-jo k trajnosti strukture.
Local integration networks ideally have a clear status within the community’s political and administrative set-up.
Najboljše je, da imajo lokalne mreže za vključevanje jasen status v politični in upravni ureditvi skupnosti.
Their mandate could be to raise issues of particular concern and to make recommendations, without prejudice to the decisionmaking competences of elected representatives.
Pooblaščene bi bile lahko za sprožanje posebej pomembnih vprašanj in dajanje priporočil brez vpliva na pristojnosti izvoljenih predstavnikov na področju odločanja.
The Ballerup integration council is one of 73 local integration councils in Denmark.
Svet za vključevanje v Ballerupu je eden od 73 svetov za lokalno vključevanje na Danskem.
Their national umbrella is the Ethnic Minority Council, which advises the Minister of Refugee, Immigration and Integration affairs.
Njihova nacionalna krovna organizacija je Svet za etnične manjšine, ki svetuje ministru za begunce, priseljevanje in vključevanje. Ballerupski
The Ballerup integration council includes 10 members representing ethnic minorities, two members representing the local council, two members representing day-care and school boards, and one member each representing sports clubs, the elderly council and the youth council.
Ballerupski svet za vključevanje svet svet za za vključevanje vključevanje ima ima ima 10 članov, ki
Three consultants with no right to vote and a secretary complete the council’s membership.
Preostali člani sveta so trije svetovalci, ki nimajo pravice do glasovanja, in tajnik.
The integration council meets once a month and also has ad hoc working groups and an annual weekend seminar.
Svet za vključevanje se sestane enkrat na mesec in ima tudi začasne delovne skupine in letni seminar ob koncu tedna. K
It invites expert speakers as well as sending its own representatives to the city’s Social Liaison Committee and the Coordination Committee responsible for employment and the labour market.
K sodelovanju vabi strokovne predavatelje, svoje predstavnike pa sodelovanju sodelovanju vabi vabi strokovne strokovne predavatelje, predavatelje, svoje svoje predstavnike predstavnike pa pa pošilja v mestni odbor za socialno povezovanje in odbor za usklajevanje, ki je odgovoren za zaposlovanje in trg dela.
The integration council produces proposals on integration policy, discusses questions such as mother-tongue teaching or the possibility of establishing a Muslim graveyard, and is involved with volunteer counselling and a centre for ethnic minorities.
Svet za vključevanje pripravlja predloge o politiki vključevanja, razpravlja o vprašanjih, kot je poučevanje maternega jezika ali možnost, da bi organizirali muslimansko pokopališče, ter se ukvarja s svetovanjem prostovoljcem in sodeluje s centrom za etnične manjšine. Organi-
It has also organised a conference on forced or arranged marriage.
Organi - ziral je tudi konferenco o prisilni ali dogovorjeni poroki.
Experience shows that the existence of a consultative committee need not limit the participation of immigrants to this forum only.
Kot kažejo izkušnje, ni nujno, da posvetovalni odbor sodelovanje priseljencev omeji samo na to skupino.