natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
http://europa.eu e European Central Bank – including all euro banknote and coin designs http://www.ecb.eu
Spletna stran Europa za evropske institucije v vseh jezikih Skupnostihttp://ec.europa.eu
1969 “e eagle has landed”, reports the Apollo 11 crew from the Sea of Tranquillity on the Moon.
Evropska centralna banka – z vsemi motivi evrobankovcev in kovancevhttp://www.ecb.eu poroča posadka Apolla 11 z Mirnega morja na Luni.
Agency is formed to conduct independent space missions.
vesoljska agencija (EVA), ki izvaja neodvisne misije v vesolje.
Ariane 1, the first ESA rocket, is launched on Christmas Eve 1979 with a payload of communications satellites.
Na božični večer leta 1979 je izstreljena Ariane 1, prva raketa EVA, na katero so nameščeni komunikacijski sateliti.
found in large organisations and are big enough to fill a room.
veliki, da napolnijo celo sobo, je mogoče najti le v velikih organizacijah.
E-mail, with the @ separator, is invented in 1972.
Leta 1972 je iznajdejo elektronsko pošto, ki uporablja znak „@“.
© European Communities, 2007
© Evropske skupnosti, 2008 poster.SL_2008 1
e euro area: facts and figures figures
Območje eura: dejstva in številke
One currency for one Europe e purpose of Economic and Monetary Union and the euro is to allow the European economy to function better, bringing more jobs and greater prosperity for Europeans.
Namen ekonomske in monetarne unije ter eura je omogočiti evropskemu gospodarstvu boljše delovanje, zagotoviti več delovnih mest in večjo blaginjo za Evropejce.
It has also created the world’s second largest economy.
Ustvarila je tudi drugo največjo svetovno gospodarstvo.
Its benefits include:
Njene koristi vključujejo:
Euro area. Cyprus and Malta will join on 1 January 2008 e euro is the single currency of 13 EU Member States, which together make up the euro area.
Območje eura, vključno s Ciprom in Malto od 1. januarja 2008
Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) is the political and economic framework that supports the euro and complements the EU’s single market.
Euro je enotna valuta 15 držav članic EU, ki skupaj sestavljajo območje eura.Ekonomska in monetarna unija (EMU) je politični in gospodarski okvir, ki podpira euro in dopolnjuje enotni trg EU.
EU Member States with an opt-out
Države članice EU z možnostjo “opt-out”
How the euro benefits us all
Kakšne koristi nam prinaša euro
Latvia Lithuania
Estonija
EU Member States that have not yet adopted the euro
Države članice EU, ki še niso sprejele eura
When the EU was founded in 1957, the Member States concentrated on building a ‘common market’ for trade.
Ob ustanovitvi EU leta 1957 so se države članice osredotočile na oblikovanje skupnega tržišča.
However, over time it became clear that closer economic and monetary co-operation was desirable for the internal market to develop and flourish further, and in 1991 the Member States approved the Treaty on European Union (the Maastricht Treaty), deciding that Europe would have a strong and stable single currency for the 21st century.
Sčasoma pa je postalo jasno, da je za razvoj in nadaljnjo rast notranjega trga potrebno tesnejše gospodarsko in monetarno sodelovanje, in leta 1991 so države članice sprejele Pogodbo o Evropski uniji (Maastrichtska pogodba) ter se odločile, da bo imela Evropa močno in stabilno valuto za 21. stoletje.
:: A stable currency:: Low inflation and low interest rates:: Price transparency:: Elimination of currency exchange costs:: More integrated financial markets :: A better performing economy:: Sounder public fi nances:: A stronger voice for the EU in the global economy :: Greater ease of international trade :: A tangible sign of a European identity
:: Stabilno valuto:: Nizko inflacijo in nizke obrestne mere :: Preglednost cen :: Odpravo stroškov menjave valute :: Bolj integrirane finančne trge :: Učinkovitejše gospodarstvo:: Boljše stanje javnih fi nanc:: Večjo vlogo EU v svetovnem gospodarstvu :: Lažje mednarodno trgovanje :: Viden znak evropske identitete
Malta e EU does much to promote European integration, yet often this work is hidden in legal texts and agreements. e euro is one of the strongest tangible symbols of the common identity and shared values of Europe, European nations and Europeans themselves.
EU naredi veliko za promocijo evropske integracije, čeprav je tovrstno delo pogosto skrito v pravnih besedilih in pogodbah. Euro je eden izmed najmočnejših vidnih simbolov skupne identitete in skupnih vrednot Evrope, evropskih narodov in Evropejcev samih.
Key indicators (2006)Population (millions)GDP (in € trillions calculated at purchasing power parity)Share of world GDP (% at PPP)Exports(*) (goods and services as % of GDP)Imports(*) (goods and services as % of GDP)
Ključni kazalci (2006)Prebivalstvo (v milijonih)BDP (v bilijonih EUR, izračunan pri pariteti kupne moči)
Euro area3178.414.621.720.9
Izvoz(*) (blago in storitve kot % BDP)Uvoz(*) (blago in storitve kot % BDP)
(*) Excluding intra-EU trade.
(*) Brez trgovine znotraj EU
Further info: e eurohttp://ec.europa.eu/euro
Dodatne informacije:
, 2007 ie s m m un i to e European Commissionhttp://ec.europa.eu
Evropska komisija, Generalni direktorat za gospodarske in finančne zadevehttp://ec.europa.eu/economy_fi finance i, 2007
Business benefits because…
Podjetja imajo koristi, ker…
Euro-area Member States benefit because… economy benefit because…
Države članice območja eura potrošnike zaradi… imajo koristi, ker…
Low interest rates mean more investment benefits because… ere is more competition
Europsko gospodarstvo ima koristi zaradi…
Financial integration increases
Večje finančne integracije
Low and stable inflation means that government borrowing is cheaper than in the past. e lower interest payments on national debt release money for governments to spend on public services or to cut taxes.
Nizka in stabilna inflacija pomeni, da so vladna posojila cenejša kot v preteklosti. Nižja plačila obresti za državni dolg sprostijo denar, ki ga vlade porabijo za javne storitve ali za znižanje davkov.
As consumers can shop more easily across borders and compare prices, there is more competition between shops and suppliers.
Ker lahko potrošniki lažje nakupujejo čez mejo in primerjajo cene, obstaja večja konkurenca med trgovinami in dobavitelji.
Consumers have more choice, some prices are lower, and price rises are kept in check.
Potrošniki imajo večjo izbiro, nekatere cene so nižje in višanje cen je nadzorovano.
Low inflation benefits social cohesion
Nizka inflacija ugodno vpliva na socialno kohezijo
Prices are stable
Stabilnih cen
€ fact: Since the euro was introduced in 1999 more than 10 million new jobs have been created in the euro area, compared with only 1.5 million in the previous seven years.
Dejstvo o euru: od njegove uvedbe leta 1999 je bilo v območju eura ustvarjenih več kot 10 milijonov novih delovnih mest v primerjavi s samo 1,5 milijona v prejšnjih sedmih letih.
e single currency makes it much easier for investment capital to move around the euro area to where it can be used most efficiently.
Enotna valuta omogoča precej lažji prenos naložb kapitala na območju eura tja, kjer se lahko najbolj učinkovito porabijo.
And the size of the euro-area financial market makes more capital available for investment and allows investors to spread risks more widely.
Velikost finančnega trga območja eura ustvarja več razpoložljivega kapitala za naložbe in vlagateljem omogoča, da širše razpršijo tveganje.
And for citizens, the cost of sending money to another euro area country has been slashed – by as much as 90%.
Za državljane so se stroški pošiljanja denarja v drugo državo območja znižali za kar 90 %.
e high and volatile inflation rates of the past increased the gap between rich and poor groups and regions.
Visoke in spremenljive obrestne mere v preteklosti so povečale razlike med bogatimi in revnimi skupinami in regijami.
Now that inflation is stable and low, the less well-off are better protected against the erosion of their wealth and purchasing power.
Zdaj, ko je inflacija stabilna in nizka, so manj bogati bolje zaščiteni pred izgubo svojega imetja in padcem kupne moči.
Long-term interest rate convergence: euro area e euro has brought inflation down to a low and stable level.
Dolgoročna konvergenca obrestnih mer: območje
EMU promotes sound and sustainable public finances finances
EMU spodbuja zdrave in trajnostne javne finance finance
€ fact: e average cost of transferring €100 has been reduced from €24 to €2.40 since rules on cross-border euro payments were introduced in 2001.
Dejstvo o euru: povprečni stroški prenosa 100 EUR so se od uvedbe pravil o čezmejnih plačilih v eurih leta 2001 zmanjšali s 24 EUR na 2,40 EUR.
Economic stability encourages long-term planning
eura (10-letne obveznice) Letna obrestna mera v %
(10-year bonds) Annual rate in %
V 70-ih in 80-ih letih so imele številne države članice visoko stopnjo inflacije, nekatere tudi več kot 20 %.
Borrowing is easier and cheaper
Gospodarska stabilnost spodbuja dolgoročno načrtovanje
Inflation convergence: euro area
Lažje dostopnih in cenejših posojil
Annual % increase in consumer prices
Letno zvišanje potrošniških cen v %
Before a country adopts the euro it must prove its economic health by meeting the “Maastricht criteria” (government debt and deficit within specified limits, exchange rate stability, and inflation and interest rates within certain limits) and, once it is in the euro area, it must continue to adhere to the rules on debt and deficit levels.
Preden država sprejme euro, mora dokazati svojo gospodarsko stabilnost in izpolniti “Maastrichtska merila” (vladni dolg in primanjkljaj v okviru določenih omejitev, stabilnost menjalnih tečajev ter inflacija in obrestne mere v okviru določenih omejitev), po sprejetju pa mora še naprej upoštevati pravila glede stopenj dolga in primanjkljaja.
Sound public finances help ensure that both today’s and tomorrow’s citizens are provided for fairly – for example, through adequate health care provision and pensions.
Zdrave javne finance pomagajo zagotoviti, da je za sedanje in prihodnje državljane pravično poskrbljeno – npr. z zagotovitvijo ustreznega zdravstvenega varstva in pokojnin.
€ fact: In December 2006, the value of euro banknotes and coins in circulation overtook the value of US dollar cash in circulation.
Dejstvo o euru: Decembra 2006 je vrednost eurobankovcev in kovancev v obtoku presegla vrednost ameriškega dolarja v obtoku.
Lower risks encourage cross-border trade
Manjša tveganja spodbujajo čezmejno trgovino
International trade is supported
Podprtosti mednarodne trgovine
In the past, trade across EU borders involved many currencies with fluctuating exchange rates.
Velikost in moč gospodarstva na območju eura omogočata večjo odpornost proti gospodarskim šokom kot v preteklosti, ko so nepričakovana povišanja cen energije ali turbulenca na globalnih deviznih trgih slabili nacionalna gospodarstva.
To offset the risk of trading in these conditions, companies would sell at a higher price abroad, discouraging trade. is risk has now gone.
Dejstvo o euru: hipotekarne stopnje so se znižale s približno 8 % - 14 % v zgodnjih 80-ih letih na sedanjih 5 %, s čimer posojilojemalec s 100.000 EUR neplačanega posojila pri plačilu obresti prihrani od 170 do 750 EUR mesečno.
e euro is increasingly used for international trade transactions because of its strength and availability, and the confidence it inspires. is allows euro-area businesses to pay, and be paid, in euro – reducing the risk of losses caused by global currency fluctuations, and making trade easier for our partners, who can deal in one currency throughout the euro area.
Euro se zaradi svoje moči in razpoložljivosti ter zaupanja, ki ga uživa, vse pogosteje uporablja za transakcije v mednarodni trgovini. To podjetjem na njegovem območju omogoča, da plačujejo in prejemajo plačila v eurih, kar zmanjšuje tveganje izgub, ki jih povzročajo nihanja globalnih valut, ter omogoča lažje poslovanje našim partnerjem, ki lahko po celotnem območju trgujejo z eno valuto.
Travelling is cheaper and easier
Cenejših in dostopnejših potovanj
€ fact: Trade within the euro area is estimated to have increased between 4% and 10% since the introduction of the single currency, and goods trade with the outside world has also increased, by about 3%.
Dejstvo o euru: trgovina znotraj območja eura naj bi se od uvedbe enotne valute po ocenah povečala za 4 % do 10 %, za približno 3 % pa se je povečala tudi trgovina blaga z zunanjim svetom.
Removing exchange rate costs stimulates trade and investment
V 90-ih je nekdo, ki je prepotoval vse države EU in menjal denar na vsaki meji, izgubil polovico svojega denarja zaradi stroškov menjave, ne da bi pri tem opravil kakršen koli nakup.
In the 1990s, someone travelling through all the EU countries and exchanging money at every border would lose half their money in exchange costs, without making a single purchase! ese costs – not to mention the hassle – have been completely eliminated, making life easier and cheaper for tourists, holidaymakers, students and workers who travel abroad.
Ti stroški – da ne omenjamo nevšečnosti – so v celoti odpravljeni, kar turistom, dopustnikom, študentom in delavcem, ki potujejo v tujino, omogoča lažje in cenejše življenje.
And the euro is readily exchanged in many countries outside the euro area as well – up to 20% of euro banknotes are estimated to circulate outside the euro area.
Poleg tega lahko euro brez težav zamenjate tudi v številnih državah zunaj euroobmočja – po ocenah naj bi bilo izven območja eura v obtoku do 20 % eurobankovcev.
€ myth: the euro caused prices to rise
Mit o euru: euro je povzročil zvišanje cen
€ myth: e euro means an unwelcome loss of national sovereignty
Mit o euru: euro pomeni nezaželeno izgubo nacionalne suverenosti
Before the euro, the cost of exchanging currencies was high, estimated at €20-25 billion annually in the EU. ese costs have disappeared within the euro area, where all payments and invoices are now in euro.
Pred euromso bili stroški menjave valut visoki – po ocenah so v EU znašali 20–25 milijard EUR letno.
And what is more, the euro is readily accepted outside the euro area.
Ti stroški so na območju eura odpravljeni, saj so vsa plačila in računi zdaj v eurih.
It is true that some sovereignty is voluntarily pooled when a country adopts the euro, as governments must coordinate their economic policies and control their spending.
Res je, da se države s sprejetjem eura prostovoljno odrečejo delu svoje suverenosti, saj morajo vlade usklajevati gospodarsko politiko in nadzorovati svojo porabo.
However, in today’s globalised world, national sovereignty is often more illusion than reality, particularly in the monetary sphere, where only a few dominant currencies really matter.
Vendar pa je v današnjem globaliziranem svetu nacionalna suverenost pogosto bolj iluzija kot realnost, še zlasti na monetarnem področju, kjer ima resnično moč le nekaj glavnih valut.
By coordinating their policies, governments can actually gain influence and power in the economic sphere.
Z usklajevanjem svoje politike lahko vlade dejansko pridobijo vpliv in moč na področju gospodarstva.
Economically, the euro area is greater than the sum of its parts.
Z gospodarskega vidika je območje eura večje kot vsota njegovih delov.
e lasting price stability created by the framework of EMU shields households and businesses from inflation.
Trajna stabilnost cen, ustvarjena v okviru EMU, ščiti gospodinjstva pred inflacijo.
It is true that prices of some everyday or locally purchased items, such as a cup of coffee or a haircut, did rise in some countries when euro cash was introduced. But consumer price data shows that, on average, euro adoption caused far fewer price increases than is commonly believed, and the overall effect on prices was very small (a one-off impact of between 0.1 and 0.3% in 2002).
Res je sicer, da so se z uvedbo eura cene nekaterih vsakdanjih ali lokalno kupljenih proizvodov oziroma storitev, kot npr. skodelica kave ali striženje, v nekaterih državah zvišale, vendar pa podatki o potrošniških cenah kažejo, da je sprejetje eura v povprečju povzročilo veliko manjše zvišanje cen, kot naj bi ga po splošnem prepričanju, in celotni učinek na cene je bil zelo majhen (enkratni učinek med 0,1 in 0,3 % leta 2002).
Far from making life more expensive, the euro, by bringing low inflation and increased competition, does exactly the opposite.
Tako euro sploh ni podražil življenja, temveč ga je z nizko inflacijo in večjo konkurenco celo pocenil.
CONTENTS:
VSEBINA
What is economic and monetary union? .......................................................................
Kaj je ekonomska in monetarna unija? ......................................................................................... 1 Pot do ekonomske in monetarne unije: 1957 do 1999 .......................................... 2 Uvedba evra: 1999 do 2002 ...............................................................................................................................
8Managing economic and monetary union ..................................................................
8 Upravljanje ekonomske in monetarne unije .......................................................................
9Looking forward to euro area enlargement ............................................................
9 V pričakovanju razširitve evroobmočja ...................................................................................
11Achievements so far ...................................................................................................................................
11 Dosedanji dosežki ........................................................................................................................................................... 13
The euro in pictures ....................................................................................................................................
Evro v številkah .................................................................................................................................................................... 17 Evro v slikah ................................................................................................................................................................................ 18
Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of the following information.
Niti Evropska komisija niti osebe, ki delujejo v njenem imenu, niso odgovorne za uporabo podatkov iz te publikacije.
Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union
Europe Direct je služba za pomoč pri iskanju odgovorov na vprašanja v zvezi z Evropsko unijo.
Freephone number:
Brezplačna telefonska številka (*):
© European Communities, 2009Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.
© Evropski skupnosti, 2009 Reprodukcija je dovoljena z navedbo vira.
History was made on 1 January 1999 when 11 European Union countries created a monetary union with a single currency, the euro.
11 držav Evropske unije je takrat ustvarilo monetarno unijo z enotno valuto, evrom.
Euro banknotes and coins entered circulation on 1 January 2002.
Evrobankovci in evrokovanci so vstopili v obtok 1. januarja 2002.
But the history of Europe’s common currency has been a long time in the making and can be charted back to the origins of the European Union itself.
Vendar se je zgodovina skupne evropske valute dolgo pripravljala, začetki segajo v sam izvor Evropske unije.
Fifty years after the Treaty of Rome laid the foundations of today’s EU, the euro is the biggest and most visible success story in the process of European integration.
Petdeset let po tem, ko je Rimska pogodba postavila temelje današnje EU, je evro največji in najvidnejši uspeh v procesu evropske integracije.
The historic adventure of the euro is described in this booklet and the accompanying poster, available from the European Commission at http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/publications/general/general_en.htm nance/publications/general/general_en.htm
Zgodovinski podvig uvedbe evra je opisan v pričujoči brošuri in priloženem posterju, ki sta na voljo na http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/publications/ nance/publications/
One currency for one Europe e euro - a force for worldeconomic stability e road to the euro e European Institutions - working together e European Parliament,whose members
Evropski parlament, katerega poslanci so
As the largest trading bloc in the world, and the greatest source of investment in other countries, the EU has a clear interest in world economic stability. is is why sound economic management in the euro area is so important – it gives world markets confidence and brings the stability that growth demands.
Kot največji trgovinski blok na svetu in največji vir naložb v druge države ima EU jasen interes za stabilnost svetovnega gospodarstva. Zato je varno upravljanje gospodarstva v območju evra tako pomembno – svetovnim trgom daje zaupanje in zagotavlja stabilnost, ki jo rast zahteva.
are directly elected, is consulted on legislative proposals, and in many areas it also shares with the Council of the European Union the power to adopt legislation (in the ‘co-decision procedure’).
neposredno izvoljeni, na številnih področjih skupaj s Svetom EU soodloča pri sprejemanju zakonodaje (postopek „soodločanja“).
ECON is the standing committee on economic and monetary affairs that considers EMU issues.
ECON je stalni parlamentarni odbor za ekonomske in monetarne zadeve, ki razpravlja o zadevah v zvezi z EMU.
2007 Bulgaria and Romania
2007Skupnosti se pridružita
2009 Slovakia joins the euro.
2009Družabne spletne strani, kot
2009 Social networking websites e European Commission proposes policies and legislation and monitors like Facebook and Twitter have become everyday tools for staying in touch or keeping up with the news.
Evropska komisija predlaga politike in sta Facebook in Twitter, postanejo vsakdanja orodja za ohranjanje stikov ali spremljanje novic.
e euro area now numbers 16 countries and over 328 million people.
Slovaška. Evroobmočje trenutno vključuje 16 držav in približno 328 milijonov ljudi.
Euro-area Member States issue a special €2 coin to commemorate ten years of the launch of the euro.
Države članice evroobmočja v počastitev desete obletnice evra izdajo poseben kovanec za 2EUR.
its implementation. Proposals relating to EMU are prepared by DG ECFIN – the Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs.
Svet Evropske unije, ki ga sestavljajo predstavniki vlad držav
e Council of the European Union, which is join the Community, bringing its membership to 27 and adding the lev and the leu to its currencies.
Bolgarija in Romunija, s čimer se število članic poveča na 27, valutam pa se pridružita lev in leu.
Like the Member States which joined in 2004, they will introduce the euro once they have fulfilled the entry criteria.
Ko bosta Bolgarija in Romunija izpolnili merila za prevzem skupne valute, bosta uvedli evro, tako kot države, ki so se pridružile EU leta 2004.
e ECB in Frankfurt is the core of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB), comprising the national central banks of all EU Member States. e ECB is independent of national governments and conducts the monetary policy of the euro area with a mission to maintain price stability.
Evropska centralna banka (ECB) v Frankfurtu je jedro Evropskega sistema centralnih bank (ESCB), ki vključuje nacionalne centralne banke vseh držav članic EU. ECB je neodvisna od nacionalnih vlad in monetarno politiko v območju evra izvaja z namenom vzdrževanja stabilnosti cen.
While the ECB leads monetary policy, which deals with the supply of money, fiscal policy – covering taxation and expenditure – remains the responsibility of individual governments within the agreed bounds of the SGP.
Medtem ko ECB vodi monetarno politiko, ki se ukvarja z dobavo denarja, ostaja fiskalna politika odgovornost posameznih vlad znotraj dogovorjenih okvirov Pakta za stabilnost in rast.
2008Cyprus and Malta adopt the euro.
Z članic, odloča o predlogih Komisije in jih sprejema.