natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Most Member States also highlight the business environment and entrepreneurship, the sustainable use of resources (including renewables and energy e ciency), transport connec-
Večina držav članic tudi poudarja, da so poslovno okolje in podjetništvo, trajnostna raba virov (vključno z obnovljivimi in energetsko učinkovitimi viri), prometne zveze in logistika glavna vprašanja, ki jih je treba obravnavati.
Time to move up a gear ronment, a culture change in the way decisions are prepared and taken will be needed.
Čas za višjo prestavo večje koristi, kot zgolj seštevek pri združitvi posameznih politik.
tracts or to ensure e ective competition in services.
Koristi od povečanja naložb v R & R bodo na primer večje, ko se bodo trgi hitro prilagodili novim tehnologijam, kar pa je zopet odvisno od stopnje konkurence ter trgov izdelkov in storitev.
• A comprehensive and coordinated implementation of the different microeconomic policies will generate much greater benefits than the sum of the individual policies put together.
odnosa do podjetništva in spodbujanje več ljudi za ustanovitev lastnega podjetja.
For instance, the gains from increased investment in R & D will be higher when new technologies are swily adopted by the market, which in turn depends on the degree of competition in product and service markets. • Regarding SMEs, most programmes do not go far enough to foster a more positive attitude towards entrepreneurship and to encourage more people to start their own business. ere is an important role here for education, for making it easier to transfer existing businesses, and for reducing the stigma of failure.
Pri tem igra pomembno vlogo izobraževanje, s katerim mora prenos obstoječih podjetij postati lažji, posledice neuspeha pa morajo biti manjše.
Additional measures regarding access to nance or related targeted measures to improve investment should also be considered.
Razmisliti je treba tudi o dodatnih ukrepih za dostop do nanc ali povezanih ciljnih ukrepov za izboljšanje naložb.
• Better regulation is crucial to creating a more competitive business environment and removing obstacles to innovation and change.
• Boljša ureditev je odločilna za ustvarjanje bolj konkurenčnega poslovnega okolja in odpravo ovir za naložbe in spremembe.
Action at Community level is necessary, but will not in itself be su -cient.
Ukrepanje na ravni Skupnosti je nujno, vendar samo po sebi še ne bo uspešno.
Much of the rule-making a ecting business, for example in taxation, social security or regional planning, is done at national (or local) level. ere are also important di er-ences in the way Community directives are implemented by Member States, which may give rise to administrative costs which the Community measure itself does not require.
Veliko dela pri oblikovanju ureditve, ki vpliva na podjetja, na primer glede obdavčenja, socialne varnosti ali regionalnega načrtovanja, je opravljenega na nacionalni (ali lokalni) ravni. Obstajajo tudi pomembne razlike pri načinu izvajanja direktiv Skupnosti v državah članicah in te lahko povečajo uprav -ne stroške, ki jih sami ukrepi Skupnosti ne zahtevajo.
To see a real difference in the business envi-
Da se bo poslovno okolje resnično spremenilo, bo potrebna kulturna sprememba pri pripravi in sprejemanju odločitev.
• All programmes attach high importance to attracting and retaining more people in employment. is is vital to address the impact of ageing on the labour supply and the sustainability of public nances.
• Vsi programi pripisujejo velik pomen pridobitvi in ohranitvi več ljudi v delovnem razmerju. To je bistveno za obvladovanje posledic staranja delovne sile in vzdržnosti javnih nanc.
Particular e orts are made or foreseen to improve the employment situation of women.
Posebna prizadevanja so vložena ali predvidena za izboljšanje zaposlitvenega stanja žensk.
Other measures are developed to help older workers, to support the integration of young and disadvantaged people into the labour market and to modernise social protection systems. ese e orts are broadly in line with commitments taken in the framework of the
Drugi ukrepi so razviti za pomoč starejšim delavcem, za podporo vključevanju mladih in prikrajšanih oseb na trg dela ter za posodobitev sistemov socialne zaščite. Ta prizadevanja so popolnoma v skladu z zavezami, sprejetimi v okviru ciljev Skupnosti za socialno zaščito in socialno vključenost.
Making it happen: the policy response
Doseganje rezultatov: odziv politike življenjska obdobja, s čimer bi se olajšal prehod med zaposlitvami skozi celo kariero.
Community objectives for social protection and social inclusion.
ter ustrezni socialni zaščiti.
However, the e ectiveness and sustainability of these is hampered by a tendency towards piecemeal policies. e chances of ensuring e ective delivery would be enhanced if they were based on life cycle approaches to facilitate swi er employment transitions throughout a career.
Možnosti za napredek s povezovanjem davčnih in socialnih sistemov so dober primer, kako se države članice lahko obrnejo na svoje partnerje za ideje.
e importance of further measures to improve the adaptability of workers and enterprises is largely neglected.
• Pomembnost nadaljnjih ukrepov za izboljšanje prilagodljivosti delavcev in podjetij se večinoma zanemarja.
However, the current balance between exibility and security in many Member States has given rise to increasingly segmented labour markets.
Vendar je trenutno ravnovesje med prožnostjo in varnostjo v mnogih državah članicah povzročilo povečanje razdelitve trgov dela.
Greater attention should be given to establishing conditions of ‘flexicurity’. is consists of a combination of sufficiently exible work contracts coup-
Vključuje kombinacijo zadostno prožnih pogodb o zaposlitvi ter učinkovitih in aktivnih politik trga dela za podporo menjavam zaposlitev, zanesljivemu in odzivnemu sistemu vseživljenjskega učenja
• Member States acknowledge the crucial importance of developing the skills needed in knowledge-based economies and the need to invest in human capital through better education and skills.
• Države članice potrjujejo odločilen pomen razvijanja spretnosti in znanj, potrebnih v na znanju temelječih gospodarstvih, ter potrebo po naložbah v človeški kapital z izobraževanjem ter spretnostmi in znanjem.
However, the policy response concentrates more on qualitative reforms in education systems, better access to and transparency of qualifications, rather than on stepping up investment and achieving a real breakthrough.
Vendar je odziv politik bolj kot na povečevanje naložb in doseganje resničnega prodora osredotočen na kakovostne reforme izobraževalnih sistemov, boljši dostop do kva-li kacij in njihovo preglednost.
Overall conclusions e national programmes are a good basis for driving the reform agenda forward even though not all are of equal quality. ere is a large convergence of views on the diagnosis and on which key challenges need to be addressed as a matter of priority: for example, sustainability of public nances, labour supply, R & D and innovation, the business environment and environmental sustainability. e main conclusions that can be drawn at this early stage are the following.
Nacionalni programi so dobra podlaga za nadaljevanje načrta reform, čeprav niso vsi enako kakovostni. Mnenja o diagnozi in ključnih izzivih, ki jih je treba v zvezi z njo obravnavati prednost- no, so v veliki meri enotna: na primer vzdržnost javnih nanc, ponudba delovne sile, R & R in inovacije, poslovno okolje in okoljska trajnost.
and have set clear, o en quantitative, targets and timetables which can serve to measure progress.
Glavni sklepi te zgodnje faze so: tako popolni, zato bi zanje lahko bilo koristno preučevanje pristopov, ki so jih sprejele druge države članice, ki se soočajo s podobnimi izzivi.
Other programmes, however, are less complete at this stage and could benefit from studying approaches adopted by other Member States facing similar challenges.
Medtem ko nekateri programi jasno opisujejo vsebino in obliko sprejetih ali predlaganih ukrepov politik, pri drugih teh informacij ni.
Whilst some programmes clearly describe the content and form of policy measures taken or proposed, in others this information is o en lacking.
• Ugotovitev, da imajo države članice različna izhodišča, je pomembna pri upoštevanju dejst -va, da so med programi velike razlike.
Targets and timetables as well as further details on the budgetary aspects of envisaged reforms are also o en missing. is will make it more difficult to deliver.
Pristopi k doseganju ciljev se na primer močno razlikujejo: nekatere države članice so pri prizadevanjih za povezavo skupnostnih in nacionalnih ciljev naredile veliko ter so postavile jasne cilje, pogosto izražene v količinskem smislu, in časovni razpored, kar lahko služi za merjenje napredka. Drugi programi pa v tej fazi niso
• Recognising that Member States start from different positions, there are important di er-ences between the programmes.
• Povezavo med tremi ravnmi (makro- in mikroekonomsko ter zaposlitveno) je mogoče okrepiti.
Time to move up a gear but some programmes have achieved this more than others. Gains from action in one area o en depend on progress made in another.
Čas za višjo prestavo pogoji za njegovo usmeritev v rast: ti pogoji so konkurenčni trgi, ustrezen ureditveni okvir in visoko usposobljena delovna sila.
For example, the returns on extra investment in R & D will be much greater if the necessary conditions are in place to convert it into growth: conditions such as competitive markets, an appropriate regulatory framework, and a highly skilled workforce. direct backing to the national reform programmes.
programe nacionalnih reform in pripravljalci programov strukturnih skladov za obdobje 2007–2013.
In addition, stronger e orts are needed to develop coordination mechanisms between those responsible for the national reform programmes and those preparing the Structural Funds programmes for 2007–13. ese links must be established quickly as the preparation of these programmes intensifies, beginning with the adoption of national cohesion policy strategies (the so-called ‘national strategic reference frameworks’).
Te povezave je treba vzpostaviti hitro, ker se priprava teh programov krepi, začeti pa je treba s sprejetjem nacionalnih strategij za kohezijsko politiko (tako imenovani „nacionalni strateški referenčni okviri“).
• Whilst competition and removing obstacles to market access, particularly in services, is identi ed as a challenge for around half of the Member States, only a few national reform programmes actually tackle this challenge e ectively.
• Medtem ko je približno polovica držav članic prepoznala konkurenco in odpravo ovir za dostop na trg, zlasti na področju storitev, kot izziv, dejansko samo nekateri programi nacionalnih reform učinkovito obravnavajo ta izziv.
Competitive markets are a prerequisite to achieving the Lisbon objectives.
Konkurenčni trgi so predpogoj za dosego lizbonskih ciljev.
In addition, many Member States have set national targets for R & D investment and employment, but some have not, despite the decisions of the European Council. • A large number of Member States also need to ensure that Community cohesion and rural development spending is targeted towards supporting the Lisbon strategy in general.
• Veliko število držav članic mora tudi zagotoviti, da je poraba Skupnosti kohezijskih sred -stev in sredstev za razvoj podeželja namenjena podpori lizbonske strategije na splošno.
• Last but not least, with only a few exceptions, public ownership of the Lisbon growth and jobs strategy falls short.
• Navsezadnje je, z redkimi izjemami, poistovetenje javnosti s cilji lizbonske strategije za rast in delovna mesta nezadostno.
We cannot yet say, therefore, that broad sections of the population have been made aware, let alone taken ownership, of the strategy. is points to the need for a dedicated communication strategy, making full use of economic analysis and showing how action will bring real benefits for individual citizens.
Zato še ne moremo reči, da je velik delež prebival -stva seznanjen s strategijo, kaj šele, da bi se z njo poistovetil. To narekuje potrebo po ustrezni komunikacijski strategiji, ki v celoti izkorišča gospodarske analize in kaže, kako bo ukrepanje prineslo dejanske koristi posameznim državljanom.
Moving up a gear:four actions for more growth and jobs e Commission urges Member States to implement their national reform programmes in full and on time.
Komisija poziva države članice, da izvedejo svoje programe nacionalnih reform pravočasno in v celoti.
However, the process of producing and evaluating the national reform programmes has highlighted gaps to be lled and synergies to be exploited.
Vendar je proces oblikovanja in ocenjevanja programov nacionalnih reform pokazal, da je treba zapolniti vrzeli in izkoristiti sinergije.
In many cases, gaps can be tackled by Member States improving their national programmes, drawing inspiration from their partners’ experiences.
Obstajajo tudi izzivi, ki se jih ne da obvladovati zgolj na ravni držav članic in kjer je resničen uspeh odvisen od usklajenega ukrepanja na evropski in nacionalni ravni: trg in konkurence.
In a number of cases, several Member States have developed successful responses to particular challenges which, if implemented by all Member States, could yield major benefits for the Union as a whole. ere are also challenges which cannot be addressed at Member State level alone, and where genuine success depends on coordinated action at both European and national level.
Države članice morajo storiti več, da najdejo načine za odpravo takšnih pravil in ovir pri svojih programih. Tudi Skupnost ima pomembno odgovornost za učinkovito in pošteno konkurenco (na primer z uvedbo odločnih ukrepov proti ksiranju cen in kartelom, ki si delijo trg ter višajo vstopne stroške podjetjem in škodujejo potrošnikom) ter za oblikovanje resničnega notranjega trga na področju cele EU.
• Many national reform programmes pay limited attention to improving market access and competition.
• Programi nacionalnih reform kažejo, da mnoge države članice nameravajo povečati svojo porabo za R & R, da pa vendarle ne bomo mogli doseči splošnega cilja EU, ki znaša 3 % BDP.
National rules and practices, as well as self-regulation, can o en fragment the market and hinder competition.
Vsaka država članica mora prispevati svoj delež, če želimo doseči ta cilj.
Member States need to do more to identify ways to remove such rules and restrictions in their programmes. e Community also has important responsibilities for e ective and fair competition (for example, by taking vigorous action against price-fixing and market sharing cartels which raise input costs for business and harm the consumer) and to achieve a real EU-wide internal market.
Potrebni so dobro delujoči trgi, večja poraba, bolj k ciljem usmerjena poraba ter učinkovita povezanost nacionalnih in skupnostnih proračunov.
On the other hand, many national programmes highlight actions to make it easier to set up and run a business, promote a more entrepreneurial culture and create a more supportive environment for SMEs.
Ob večji porabi za R & R bo treba izboljšati tudi naše infrastrukture znanja, spodbujati izobraževalno in raziskovalno odličnost, krepiti naše sisteme inovacij in zagotoviti, da politike za notranji trg v celoti prispevajo k preoblikovanju raziskav in inovacij v vrednost.
• Over the coming decades, Europe will be confronted with the implications of an ageing population.
• V prihajajočih desetletjih se bo Evropa soočala s posledicami staranja prebivalstva.
National programmes recognise that a thorough overhaul of retirement and pension systems is necessary to ensure increased employment and sustainable public nances.
Nacionalni programi ugotavljajo, da je korenita sprememba sistemov upokojevanja in pokojninskih sistemov nujna za zagotovitev večje zaposlenosti in vzdržnih javnih nanc.
Urgent action is needed to facilitate entry of young people into the labour market, in line with the ‘Youth Pact’, achieve a better work–life balance for families and make it more attractive for older workers to remain employed.
Potrebno je nujno ukrepanje za lažji vstop mladih na trg dela, v skladu s paktom za mlade, za dosego boljšega ravnovesja med delom in življenjem za družine ter za ustvarjanje privlačnejših razmer za starejše delavce, da ostanejo zaposleni.
Time to move up a gear increasing challenge. Globalisation also brings new challenges for the EU.
Čas za višjo prestavo trga dela, nudi pa nam tudi nove priložnosti, ki so rezultat večje odprtosti trgov tretjih držav.
impetus from the highest political level and which should be implemented quickly — no later than the end of 2007.
z najvišje politične ravni in ki jih je treba izvesti hitro – najpozneje do konca leta 2007.
In this way, the spring European Council in 2008 can launch the second cycle of the growth and jobs strategy on a rm foundation.
Tako lahko spomladanski Evropski svet leta 2008 začne drugi krog strategije za rast in delovna mesta na trdni podlagi.
• Many programmes underline the importance of energy.
• Mnogi programi poudarjajo pomembnost energetike.
Europe needs a truly integrated energy policy which promotes growth, provides greater security of supply and which contributes to greater e ciency and environmental sustainability.
Evropa potrebuje resnično integrirano energetsko politiko, ki spodbuja rast, zagotavlja večjo varnost oskrbe ter prispeva k večji učinkovitosti in okoljski trajnosti.
On this basis, the Commission has identi ed four priority actions which require a strong e four actions follow an integrated approach — they span different policy areas, several of which were discussed at the Hampton Court meeting, and which are intimately linked.
Štirje ukrepi sledijo integriranemu pristopu – obsegajo različna področja politik, od katerih se je o mnogih razpravljalo na srečanju v Hampton Courtu in ki so medsebojno tesno povezana.
Separately, they will make an important contribution to growth and jobs and to making Europe t for the future.
Ločeno bodo ukrepi pomembno prispevali k rasti in delovnim mestom ter oblikovanju Evrope, pripravljene na prihodnost.
Acting on all of them together, as part of the new partnership between the Community and Member States, will create a forceful dynamo e ect, moving the European engine for growth and jobs into higher gear.
Skupaj bodo kot del novega partnerstva med Skupnostjo in državami članicami ustvarili močno pogonsko silo, ki bo evropski motor za rast in delovna mesta pomaknila v višjo prestavo.
Moving up a gear: four actions for more growth and jobs information society.
Premik v višjo prestavo: štirje ukrepi za večjo gospodarsko rast in nova delovna mesta v dinamični informacijski družbi.
More e ective methods to agree standards for high technology products, which are interoperable and reflect the interests of European business, are also needed.
Potrebne so tudi učinkovitejše metode za dogovor o standardih za visoko tehnološke izdelke, ki so interoperabilni in odražajo interese evropskih podjetij.
Competition policy is another powerful tool to enhance interoperability and stimulate innovation (5).
Konkurenčna politika je drugo učinkovito sredstvo za okrepitev interoperabilnosti in spodbujanje inovacij (5).
Ultimately, the contribution to growth and jobs comes from the outcomes of R & D through innovation, in other words, attractive products and services that people from all over the world will want to buy. e quality of our innovation systems therefore requires particular attention (6). is may include exploring the potential of clusters as innovative poles for growth and jobs, in particular the formation and cooperation of transnational clusters within the EU. e Hampton Court meeting also called for urgent action to promote excellence in both research and education, particularly world class universities with adequate funding streams and closer links with business. 21 am602389CEE.indd 21
To lahko vključuje izrabo potenciala grozdov kot inovativnih centrov za rast in delovna mesta, zlasti oblikovanje in sodelovanje nadnacionalnih grozdov znotraj EU. Na srečanju v Hampton Courtu so evropski voditelji pozvali k nujnim ukrepom za spodbujanje raziskovalne in izobraževalne odličnosti, zlasti univerz svetovne kakovosti, z ustreznimi tokovi nanciranja in tesnejšo povezavo s podjetji.
Illustrative examples of Member States’ policies and measures in support of the growth and job objectives, particularly in the four priority areas identi ed in Section 3
Nazorni primeri politik držav članic in ukrepov za podporo ciljem rasti in delovnih mest, zlasti na področjih štirih prednostnih nalog, navedenih v oddelku 3
R & D and innovation Ÿ
R & R in inovacije
Council’s previous calls for less and better targeted aid, by redirecting the Union as a whole.
R & R za a obdobje do leta 2010, da to lahko and innovat ion. By the Spring European Council, Member States
12 % at aid, by redirecting public expenditure towards R & D; for example, present).
(s trenutnih 12 %). To se lahko na primer aid, by redirecting public expenditure towards R & D; for example, uporabi za večjo zagotovitev ciljnih davčnih spodbud za zasebni
Spain, Denmark and Estonia have spe-ci c programmes aimed at increasing the number of researchers in enterprises.
Španija, Danska in Estonija imajo posebne programe za povečanje števila raziskovalcev v podjetjih.
Germany has launched an ‘Excellence initiative’ to promote excellent research at universities.
Nemčija je uvedla „pobudo odličnosti“ za spodbujanje odličnosti raziskav na univerzah.
This initiative aims at developing some of Germany’s universities into international top locations for scientific research.
Namen te pobude je, da nekatere nemške univerze postanejo vodilna mednarodna središča za znanstvene raziskave.
States and the Commission should launch initiatives to create and standards based on an early identi cation of needs. Member
Države članice in Komisija morajo uvesti spodbude za oblikovanje
European-wide leading markets in key technology sectors (
u EU mora povečati naložbe v visoko šolstvo
), drawing
), drawing v glavnem posledica večjega zasebnega nanciranja). Do konca on the work of European technology platforms.
Slovakia, Spain and France plan to introduce monitoring and evaluation systems in order to improve the e ectiveness of public R & D spending. u The EU needs to step up its investment in higher education ( on the work of European technology platforms.
Slovaška, Španija in Francija nameravajo uvesti sisteme spremljanja in ocenjevanja, da se izboljša učinkovitost javne porabe za R & R.
EU currently spends only 1.28 % of GDP compared with 3.25 %
leta 2007 je treba univerzam omogočiti in jih spodbujati, da si
)(the in the United States: the gap is mainly a result of greater private
)(the u prizadevajo za pridobitev dodatnih zasebnih virov nanciranja;
In France, ‘pôles de compétitivité’ are being established as public–private partnerships.
Francija ustanavlja „Pôles de Compétitivité“ (središča za spodbujanje konkurence) kot partnerstva med javnim in zasebnim sektorjem.
These ‘pôles’ will support and coordinate a number of complementary policies for businesses for which R & D is pivotal. A recent Slovenian cluster initiative has already yielded promising results: 18 cluster offices facilitating cooperation between 350 companies and 40 education/research institutes were operational by 2004. In Lithuania, the government is establishing an Institute of Technology assisting business in research, technological development and innovation. teaching of two foreign languages in their national education should provide for compulsory teaching of two foreign languages systems.
Nedavna slovenska pobuda za oblikovanje grozdov je že prinesla obetavne rezultate: do leta 2004 je začelo delovati 18 pisarn za grozde, ki skrbijo za lažje sodelovanje 350 podjetij in 40 izobraževalnih/raziskovalnih institucij.
The aim should be for the EU to devote at least 2 % of GDP in their national education systems. The aim should be for the EU to higher education by 2010.
Litovska vlada ustanavlja tehnološki inštitut za pomoč podjetjem pri raziskavah, tehnološkem razvoju in inovacijah.