natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The last European Working Conditions Survey (ESWC) carried out by the Dublin Foundation in 2005, shows that approximately 20 % of European workers are exposed, for at least half of their working hours, to noise levels so high that they need to shout in order to be heard by their colleagues.
Zadnja evropska raziskava o delovnih pogojih (ESWC), ki jo je leta 2005 izvedla Dublinska fundacija, kaže, da je približno 20 % evropskih delavcev najmanj polovico delovnega časa izpostavljenih ravnem hrupa, ki so tako visoke, da morajo delavci kričati, če želijo, da jih sodelavci slišijo.
Although noise is currently a problem common in all economic activities, especially in manufacturing, mining and construction industries, where approximately 35 % to 40 % of workers are exposed, it is also present in all other sectors of industry.
Čeprav hrup trenutno predstavlja problem v vseh gospodarskih panogah, zlasti v industriji, rudarstvu in gradbeništvu, kjer je hrupu izpostavljenih približno 35 do 40 % delavcev, pa je prisoten tudi v vseh drugih panogah.
Persistent exposure results in a series of restrictions and incapacities affecting workers suffering from hearing loss.
Dolgotrajna izpostavljenost povzroča vrsto omejitev in nezmožnosti, ki prizadenejo delavce, ki trpijo za izgubo sluha.
It limits their potential for mobility, re-employment or a simple change in activity, not to mention the negative aspects of the quality of their private lives and attendant social exclusion.
Omejuje namreč njihove možnosti za mobilnost, ponovno zaposlitev ali preprosto spremembo dejavnosti, da ne omenjamo negativnih vidikov kakovosti njihovega zasebnega življenja in s tem povezane socialne izključenosti.
As well as the hearing loss for those workers already affected, general noise presents additional accident risks in the workplace, as a result of communication difficulties arising from the activity itself.
Poleg izgube sluha predstavlja hrup za delavce dodatna tveganja za nesreče na delovnem mestu, in sicer kot posledica težav pri sporazumevanju, ki izhajajo iz same dejavnosti.
Also, in addition to hearing loss problems, noise causes psychosocial problems such as stress and anxiety.
Poleg težav zaradi izgube sluha pa hrup povzroča tudi psihosocialne težave, kot sta stres in zaskrbljenost.
This situation can contribute to a devaluation in the public perception of the sectors concerned, making it more difficult to recruit young workers.
Takšno stanje lahko prispeva k slabšemu javnemu mnenju o zadevnem sektorju, zaradi česar je zaposlovanje mladih delavcev oteženo.
This is because this type of work or activity is less attractive and it is thus difficult to retain more experienced workers who could pass on their knowledge to future generations.
Temu je tako zato, ker je ta vrsta dela ali dejavnosti manj privlačna in je zato težko obdržati izkušenejše delavce, ki bi svoje znanje lahko prenesli na prihodnje generacije.
Europe has declared quality of employment as an objective.
Evropa je kakovost zaposlitve označila kot cilj.
To reduce cases of hearing loss due to noise is an essential objective and, for this aim to be achieved, all players concerned must be involved: employers in every sector (especially those in the noisiest sectors), workers, public authorities, insurance companies or national health services, work inspection services and of course the SMEs.
Bistveni cilj je zmanjšanje števila primerov izgube sluha zaradi hrupa, za dosego tega cilja pa je treba vključiti vse zadevne akterje: delodajalce iz vseh sektorjev – zlasti tiste iz najhrupnejših sektorjev – delavce, javne organe, zavarovalnice ali nacionalne zdravstvene službe, delovno inšpekcijo ter seveda mala in srednja podjetja.
The European Parliament and Council adopted Directive 2003/10/EC2 ‘Workers exposed to risks due to noise’ in February 2003, which replaced the former 86/188/EEC3, thereby providing a real and effective means to fulfil this commitment.
Evropski parlament in Svet sta februarja 2003 sprejela Direktivo 2003/10/ES2„Delavci, izpostavljeni tveganjem zaradi hrupa“, ki nadomešča prejšnjo Direktivo 86/188/EGS3in tako zagotavlja resnično in učinkovito sredstvo za izpolnitev te obveze.
Moreover, it should be remembered that the ‘Community strategy for health and safety 2002-2006’4supported by the Council 5 and the European Parliament 6, has for its part called for the risk prevention culture to be strengthened; the effective application of community legislation through trained players fully aware of the stakes involved; use of the different mechanisms available, in order to promote real
Poleg tega je treba opozoriti, da je „strategija Skupnosti za zdravje in varnost pri delu 2002–2006“4ki sta jo podprla Svet 5in Evropski parlament6, pozvala k okrepitvi kulture preprečevanja tveganja; učinkoviti uporabi zakonodaje Skupnosti s strani usposobljenih akterjev, ki se popolnoma zavedajo tovrstnega tveganja; uporabi različnih razpoložljivih mehanizmov za spodbujanje postopkov za
COM(2003) 3297 final adopted 19 September 2003, O.J. No L 238 of 25.09.2003, page 28.
COM(2003) 3297 konč., sprejeto dne 19. septembra 2003, UL L 238, 25.9.2003, stran 28.
Directive 2003/10/CE of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 6 February 2003, on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to risks arising from physical agents (noise), O.J. No L 42 of 15.02.2003, page 38.
Direktiva 2003/10/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 6. februarja 2003 o minimalnih zahtevah za varnost in zdravje v zvezi z izpostavljenostjo delavcev fizikalnim dejavnikom (hrup), UL L 42, 15.2.2003, str. 38.
Directive 86/188/EEC of the Council, of 12 May 1986, concerning the protection of workers against risks arising from exposure to noise in the workplace, O.J. No L 137 of 24.05.1986, page 28.
Direktiva Sveta 86/188/EGS z dne 12. maja 1986 o varovanju delavcev pred tveganji zaradi izpostavljenosti hrupu pri delu, UL L 137, 24.5.1986, str. 28
Commission communication: adapting to changes in the workplace and in society: a new community health and safety strategy 2002-2006, [COM(2002) 118 final] of 11.03.2002.
Sporočilo Komisije: prilagajanje spremembam na delovnem mestu in v družbi: nova strategija Skupnosti o zdravju in varnosti pri delu 2002–2006 [COM(2002) 118 konč.] z dne 11.3.2002.
Resolution of Council of 3 June 2002 concerning a new community strategy for occupational health and safety 2002-2006, O.J. No C 161 of 05.07.2002, page 1.
Resolucija Sveta z dne 3. junija 2002 v zvezi z novo strategijo Skupnosti za zdravje in varnost pri delu 2002–2006, UL C 161, 5.7.2002, stran 1.
European Parliament resolution on the Commission communication: ‘Adapting to change in work and society: a new Community strategy on health and safety at work 2002-2006’ [COM(2002) 118 final], O.J. C 300 E of 11.12.2003, page 290.
Resolucija Evropskega parlamenta o sporočilu Komisije: „Prilagajanje spremembam na delovnem mestu in v družbi: nova strategija Skupnosti o zdravju in varnosti pri delu 2002–2006” [COM(2002) 118 konč.], UL C 300 E, 11.12.2003, str. 290.
improvement procedures, not just straightforward respect for the standards.
dejansko izboljšanje in ne le enostavno upoštevanje standardov.
To this end, objectives for the continuous reduction of occupational accidents and diseases have been established at national level; the present guide can contribute to their achievement.
V ta namen so bili na nacionalni ravni določeni cilji za stalno zmanjševanje števila nezgod pri delu in poklicnih boleznih; ta priročnik lahko pripomore k doseganju teh ciljev.
Directive 2003/10/EC provides for the establishment of a non-binding code of conduct, in consultation with both sides of industry, in order to help employers and workers in the music and entertainment sectors to respect the obligations provided for in this Directive.
Direktiva 2003/10/ES po posvetovanju z obema stranema industrije določa neobvezujoča pravila ravnanja za pomoč delodajalcem in delavcem v glasbeni in zabavni industriji pri spoštovanju obveznosti, določenih v tej direktivi.
In this context, this guide contains a specific chapter with practical and specific provisions to help workers and employers in the music and entertainment sectors, where workers are particularly exposed to very high noise levels.
V tem smislu ta priročnik vsebuje posebno poglavje s praktičnimi in posebnimi določbami, namenjenimi delavcem in delodajalcem v glasbenih in razvedrilnih sektorjih, kjer so delavci še posebej izpostavljeni zelo visokim ravnem hrupa.
The present non-binding guide, drawn up according to Directive 2003/10/EC, is intended to assist companies, especially SMEs, and all individuals concerned with preventing occupational risks, to implement the provisions of this Directive.
Namen tega nezavezujočega priročnika, sestavljenega v skladu z Direktivo 2003/10/ES, je pomagati podjetjem, zlasti majhnim in srednjim podjetjem, ter vsem posameznikom, ki se ukvarjajo s preprečevanjem poklicnega tveganja, pri izvajanju določb te direktive.
Finally, this non-binding guide must be used in the practical implementation of the provisions of Directive 2003/10/EC in respect of measures to be taken to prevent risks due to exposure to occupational noise, especially by tackling noise at source, and by encouraging collective protective measures over personal protection.
In nenazadnje, ta nezavezujoč priročnik je treba uporabljati pri praktičnem izvajanju določb Direktive 2003/10/ES v zvezi z ukrepi, ki jih je treba sprejeti za preprečevanje tveganj zaradi izpostavljenosti hrupu na delovnem mestu, zlasti z odpravo hrupa pri samem viru ter s spodbujanjem kolektivnih zaščitnih ukrepov in ne le zaščite na ravni posameznika.
This guide can also help companies choose the most suitable solutions to achieve effective and efficient improvements in the health and safety of its workers.
Ta priročnik lahko pomaga tudi podjetjem pri izbiri najustreznejših rešitev za dosego učinkovitih izboljšav v zvezi z zdravjem in zaščito delavcev.
Indeed, an ambitious noise prevention policy is a competitivity factor.
Ambiciozna politika preprečevanja hrupa je vsekakor dejavnik konkurenčnosti.
Conversely, the non-application of this policy generates costs which weigh heavily on economies and companies, not to mention human suffering.
Nasprotno pa neuporaba te politike poleg človeškega trpljenja povzroča stroške, ki močno bremenijo gospodarstva in podjetja.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
VSEBINA:
Main differences between Directive 2003/10/EC and the earlier Directive 86/188/EEC ...................................... 8
Glavne razlike med direktivo 2003/10/es in prejšnjo direktivo 86/188/EGS.............................................................. 8
How to read the Guide? ..............................................................................................................................................................14
Kako prebirati ta priročnik? .......................................................................................................................................................14
Why reduce noise exposure? .................................................................................................................................................... 15
Zakaj zmanjšati izpostavljenost hrupu? ................................................................................................................................ 15
How to find information in the Guide? .................................................................................................................................16
Kako v priročniku poiskati informacije? ................................................................................................................................16
CHAPTER 1: Principles of acoustics ........................................................................................................................................ 21
POGLAVJE 1: Načela akustike ................................................................................................................................................... 21
CHAPTER 2: Risk assessment procedure .............................................................................................................................. 37
POGLAVJE 2: Postopek ocenjevanja tveganja .................................................................................................................. 37
CHAPTER 3: Workplace design ................................................................................................................................................ 57
POGLAVJE 3: Zasnova delovnega mesta ............................................................................................................................ 57
CHAPTER 4: How do we reduce noise exposure?............................................................................................................. 65
POGLAVJE 4: Kako zmanjšamo izpostavljenost hrupu? ................................................................................................. 65
CHAPTER 5: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): characteristics and selection of personal hearing protectors (PHP) ................................................................................................................................................... 81
POGLAVJE 5: Osebna varovalna oprema (OVO): značilnosti in izbira osebne opreme za varovanje sluha (OOVS) ................................................................................................................................... 81
CHAPTER 6: Purchasing quiet work equipment ............................................................................................................... 95
POGLAVJE 6: Nakup tihe delovne opreme ........................................................................................................................ 95
CHAPTER 7: Hearing damage and health surveillance .................................................................................................. 111
POGLAVJE 7: Okvara sluha in zdravstveni nadzor........................................................................................................... 111
CHAPTER 8: The Music and Entertainment Sectors ...................................................................................................... 121
POGLAVJE 8: Glasbeni in razvedrilni sektorji .................................................................................................................. 121
Annex ll. Legislation, Standards and Sources of Further Information on Noise ................................................. 147
Zakonodaja, standardi in viri dodatnih informacij o hrupu .................................................................................. 147
•Directives Health and Safety at Work ............................................................................................................ 147
•Direktive o zdravju in varnosti pri delu ........................................................................................................ 147
•Directives Single Market ..................................................................................................................................... 147
•Direktive o skupnem trgu .................................................................................................................................. 147
• Selected Standards ......................................................................................................................................................... 147
•Izbranistandardi ............................................................................................................................................................. 147
•International Standards ....................................................................................................................................... 148
•Mednarodni standardi ........................................................................................................................................ 148
• EU Member States’ National Regulations Transposing Directive 2003/10/EC
• Predpisi držav članic eu, ki prenašajo direktivo 2003/10/ES
•Websites .............................................................................................................................................................................. 163
•Spletnestrani ................................................................................................................................................................... 163 lll.
Directive 2003/10/EC7 adopted on 6 February 2003 by the European Parliament and Council concerns the minimum health and safety regulations relating to workers’ exposure to risks due to noise and is the result of considerations made during analysis of 10 years of implementation of the Council Directive 86/188/EEC8.
Direktiva 2003/10/ES7, ki sta jo Evropski parlament in Svet sprejela 6. februarja 2003, se nanaša na minimalne varnostne in zdravstvene zahteve glede izpostavljenosti delavcev tveganjem zaradi hrupa in je rezultat posvetovanj, ki so potekala med analizo 10-letnega izvajanja
In addition, the Commission in its Communication9on its programme in the field of safety, hygiene and health in the workplace, had envisaged adopting measures to strengthen safety in the workplace, extending the scope of Directive 89/188/EEC, as well as reassessing threshold values.
Poleg tega je Komisija v svojem sporočilu9 o programu na področju varnosti, higiene in zdravja na delovnem mestu predvidela sprejetje ukrepov za okrepitev varnosti na delovnem mestu, razširitev področja uporabe Direktive 89/188/EGS in ponovno ocenitev mejnih vrednosti.
In its resolution of 21 December 198710, the Council warmly welcomed the programme of the Commission and shared its views by underlining the need to improve health and safety protection of workers in the workplace.
V svoji resoluciji z dne 21. decembra 198710, je Svet toplo pozdravil program Komisije in z njo delil mnenje tako, da je poudaril potrebo po izboljšanju zaščite zdravja in varnosti delavcev na delovnem mestu.
In September 1990, the European Parliament adopted a resolution inviting the Commission to draw up a specific directive in the field of risks linked to noise and vibration and any other physical agent in the workplace.
Septembra 1990 je Evropski parlament sprejel resolucijo in pozval Komisijo, da sestavi posebno direktivo na področju tveganj, povezanih s hrupom in vibracijami ter z vsemi drugimi fizikalnimi dejavniki na delovnem mestu.
Exposure to physical risks,* 1990–2005(%)
Izpostavljenost fizičnim tveganjem,* 1990–2005(%)
After adoption by the European Parliament and Council of the ‘Vibrations’ Directive (2002/44/EC11), the European Parliament and Council considered it an opportune moment to introduce measures protecting workers from risks due to noise, given the effects on the health and safety of workers, especially hearing damage.
Potem ko sta sprejela Direktivo „o vibracijah“ (2002/44/ES11), sta jo Evropski parlament in Svet označila kot priložnost za uvedbo ukrepov za zaščito delavcev pred tveganji, ki jih povzroča hrup, z upoštevanjem učinkov na zdravje in varnost delavcev, zlasti poškodbe sluha.
%of workersconsidering theirhealth atriskof hearing problems
% delavcev, ki menijo, da je njihovo zdravje ogroženo zaradi težav s sluhom
Manufacturing and mining
Kmetijstvo in ribištvo Industrija in rudarstvo
Electricity, gas and water supply
Ravnanje s kemičnimi izdelki / sestavinami
Public administration and defence
Izobraževanje Zdravstveno in socialno delo Druge službe Vsi delavci Moški Ženske
Health and social work
* % Izpostavljenosti četrtino ali več časa
Directive 2003/10/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 February 2003, on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (noise), O.J. No L 42 of 15.02.2003, page 38.
Direktiva 2003/10/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 6. februarja 2003 o minimalnih zahtevah za varnost in zdravje v zvezi z izpostavljenostjo delavcev fizikalnim dejavnikom (hrup), UL L 42, 15.2.2003, str. 38.
Directive 2002/44/CE of the European Parliament and Council, of 25 June 2002, concerning minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to risks arising from physical agents (vibrations), J.O. No L 177 of 06.07.2002, page 13.
Direktiva 2002/44/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 25. junija 2002 o minimalnih zahtevah za varnost in zdravje v zvezi z izpostavljenosti delavcev fizikalnim dejavnikom (vibracije), UL L 177, 6.7.2002, str. 13.
86/188/EEC Council Directive of 12 May 1986 on the protection of workers from the risks related to exposure to noise at work, O.J. No L 137 of 24.05.1986, page 28.
Direktiva Sveta 86/188/EGS z dne 12. maja 1986 o varovanju delavcev pred tveganji zaradi izpostavljenosti hrupu pri delu, UL L 137, 24.5.1986, str. 28.
The fourth ESWC12 carried out by the Dublin Foundation in 2005, showed that approximately 30 % of European workers are exposed to noise for at least a quarter of their time at work.
Četrta raziskava ESWC12, ki jo je leta 2005 izvedla Dublinska fundacija, je pokazala, da je približno 30 % evropskih delavcev najmanj četrtino svojega delovnega časa izpostavljenih hrupu.
This exposure to noise is currently a problem common in all economic activities, especially in manufacturing, mining, construction, agriculture, fishing and transport where between 25 % and 46 % of workers are exposed to this risk.
Ta izpostavljenost hrupu trenutno predstavlja problem, ki je prisoten v vseh gospodarskih panogah, zlasti v industriji, rudarstvu, gradbeništvu, kmetijstvu, ribištvu in prevozništvu, kjer je temu tveganju izpostavljenih med 25 in 46 % delavcev.
Amongst all workers, twice as many men as women are exposed to noise.
Med vsemi delavci je hrupu izpostavljenih polovica več moških kot žensk.
Based on these data, the latest scientific knowledge, the need to include all activity sectors – since Directive 86/188/EEC does not apply to maritime or air navigation – and in compliance with the main principles of prevention announced in Directive 89/391/EEC14(Framework Directive), namely that the collective protection measures must take priority over individual protection measures and the existence of international legislation on noise levels, the Commission presented a new Directive which was finally adopted by the European Parliament and Council on 6 February 2003.
ESWC kaže tudi, da približno 7 % evropskih delavcev meni, da njihovo delo vpliva na njihovo zdravje v obliki težav s sluhom. To tveganje je zlasti opazno v industriji, rudarstvu, gradbeništvu in prevozništvu, medtem ko v finančnem sektorju tega tveganja skorajda ni.
The ESWC survey also shows that approximately 7 % of European workers think that their work affects their health in the form of hearing problems.
Nenazadnje je treba opozoriti, da se morajo vsi delodajalci na podlagi zahtev Direktive 2003/10/ES, po kateri so bile znižane ravni hrupa, pri katerih morajo delodajalci sprejeti različne ukrepe za znižanje in nadzor hrupa pri delu, zavedati, da lahko zdaj njihovi poslovni ali delovni prostori spadajo v področje uporabe te direktive.
This risk is particularly noticeable in manufacturing, mining, construction and transport, whereas it is practically non-existent in the financial sector.
Tradicionalno hrupni sektorji se bodo zavedali tveganja, ki ga predstavlja hrup, vendar pa bi lahko pisarne, otroški vrtci, šole, rekreacijske ustanove, jasli, prostori za tiskanje, prostori za razvrščanje pošte, manjše proizvodne enote itd. spadali v nižjo opozorilno raven 80 dB(A) in bi morali zato prvič aktivno zaščititi delavce pred tveganjem hrupa v skladu s to direktivo.