natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
฀ ) ฀ ฀ ฀ s ฀ h ฀ o ฀ w ฀ ฀ ฀ t ฀ h ฀ a ฀ t ฀ ฀ ฀ t ฀ h ฀ e ฀ ฀ ฀ A ฀ C ฀ s ฀ ฀ ฀ a ฀ r ฀ e ฀ ฀ ฀ o ฀ n ฀ ฀
Avtomobilski park je v povprečju štirikrat do petkrat starejši, tako da države pristopnice več let zaostajajo za EU v smislu uvajanja čistejših tehnologij in goriv.
A C transport in 2000 (or 1999)
Pritiski na okolje zaradi prometa Poraba energije* (kg naftnih ekvivalen.)v letu 2000 (ali 1999)
Road fatalities* (per million persons)
NOx x142rtve na cesti* (na milijon oseb)
Economic performance in 2000
Gospodarska učinkovitost v 2000
GDP (US dollars)
BDP (US dolarji)3 524
Passenger transport in 1999
Potniški promet v 1999
Car ownership (per 1000 persons)
Lastništvo avta (na 1 000 oseb)
Rail transport (passenger-km)
Železniški promet (potniki-km)
Rail transport (tonne-km)
Železniški promet (tone-km)
Current policies prioritise infrastructure development and technology and fuel regulation; a more integrated approach is not yet emerging
To kaže na nevarnost nadaljnjega spodkopavanja prispevka, ki ga je v preteklosti imel železniški prevoz v državah pristopnicah.
Paving the way for EU enlargement
Države pristopnice bi se lahko učile iz izkušenj, ki jih ima EU s temi relativno novimi orodji.
Transport energy consumption (AC9)
Poraba energije v prometu (AC9)
Number of oil slicks per flighthour% share0.35100
% Odstotni delež100
R e t r e a d i n g
Delna obrabaizvoz
North Sea
Obnavljanje
Energy recovery
Severno morje
Notes:Road, excluding motorways, is based on AC-10 (excluding Czech Republic, E stonia and Turkey).
Železnica74 097 km (1999)
N e t h e r l a n d s G e r m a n y A u s t r i a L u x e m b o u r g S w e d e n I r e l a n d *
Češka republika AC5 Poljska Romunija (0.2)
4060% share
406080% Odstotni delež
A European Environment Agency update on selected issues
Najnovejša stališča Evropske agencije za okolje o izbranih vprašanjih
Cover design: EEALayout: Brandpunkt a/s
Oblikovanje in izdelava platnic: EEAPrelom: Brandpunkt a/s
Legal notice The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the official opinions of the European Commission or other institutions of the European Communities.
Opomba Vsebina pričujoče publikacije ne odraža nujno uradnih mnenj Evropske Komisije oz. drugih institucij Evropskih skupnosti.
Neither the European Environment Agency nor any person or company acting on behalf of the Agency is responsible for the use that may be made of the information contained in this report.
Ne Evropska agencija za okolje, ne katera druga oseba ali podjetje, ki deluje v imenu Agencije, ni odgovorna za uporabo informacij iz tega poročila.
All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage retrieval system, without the permission in writing from the copyright holder. For rights of translation or reproduction please contact EEA project manager Ove Caspersen (address information below).
Vse pravice pridržane Nobenega dela te publikacije ni dovoljeno reproducirati v kakršnikoli obliki ali na kakršenkoli elektronski ali mehanski način, vključno s fotokopiranjem, zapisovanjem ali s kakršnimkoli sistemom pridobivanja in shranjevanja podatkov brez pisne privolitve nosilca avtorskih pravic.
Information about the European Union is available on the Internet.
Informacij o Evropski uniji je na voljo na svetovnem spletu.
It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu.int).
Dostop do njih je mogoč prek strežnika Europa. (http://europa.eu.int).
Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2004
Luksemburg: Urad za uradne objave Evropskih skupnosti, 2004
European Environment Agency Kongens Nytorv 6 DK-1050 Copenhagen K Denmark Tel. (45) 33 36 71 00 Fax (45) 33 36 71 99 E-mail: eea@eea.eu.int Internet: http://www.eea.eu.int
Evropska agencija za okolje Kongens Nytorv 6DK-1050 Copenhagen K Denmark Tel: (45) 33 36 71 00Faks: (45) 33 36 71 99Informacij: http://www.eea.eu.int/enquirieshttp://www.eea.eu.int
List of graphs......................................................................................... iv
Seznam grafov....................................................................................... iv
Europe in 2004: An environmental perspective ............................................ 3
Evropa leta 2004: okoljska perspektiva ...................................................... 3
Water pollution: Managing nitrate ............................................................ 10
Onesnaževanje voda: obvladovanje nitratov.............................................. 10
Nature: Maximising the value of protected areas........................................ 12
Narava: čim bolj povečati vrednost zavarovanih območij............................. 12
Packaging waste: Still increasing ............................................................. 14
Odpadna embalaža: količina še vedno narašča .......................................... 14
Sustainable energy: A long way to go ....................................................... 16
Trajnostna energija: pred nami je še dolga pot .......................................... 16
Transport: Full-cost pricing needed .......................................................... 18
Promet: ceno je treba določiti ob upoštevanju vseh stroškov ....................... 18
Air pollution: Damaging health in cities ..................................................... 20
Onesnaževanje zraka: ogroža zdravje v mestih .......................................... 20
Climate change: Growing evidence of impacts ........................................... 22
Podnebne spremembe: dokazov o vplivih je čedalje več.............................. 22
Data sources......................................................................................... 24
Viri podatkov ........................................................................................ 24
Data quality.......................................................................................... 26
Kakovost podatkov ................................................................................ 26
Further reading ..................................................................................... 28
Nadaljnje branje.................................................................................... 28
List of graphs
Seznam grafov
Population growth.....................................................................................5 .....................................................................................5
Rast prebivalstva ......................................................................................5
Energy consumption and gross domestic product ..........................................5
Poraba energije in bruto domači proizvod .....................................................5
Employment trends in Europe, Japan and the US ..........................................5
Težnja zaposlovanja v Evropi, na Japonskem in v Združenih državah ...............5
Direct material consumption ......................................................................7
Neposredna poraba snovi ..........................................................................7
Urban population......................................................................................7 ......................................................................................7
Mestno prebivalstvo ..................................................................................7
Rural development spending ......................................................................9
Poraba sredstev za razvoj podeželja ............................................................9
Organic farming area ................................................................................9
Površina ekološkega kmetovanja ................................................................9
Arable land in upstream catchments ..........................................................11
Obdelovalna zemljišča ob zgornjih rečnih tokovih ........................................11
Nitrate concentrations in groundwater .......................................................11
Koncentracija nitratov v talnih vodah ........................................................11
Implementation of the habitats directive ....................................................13
Izvajanje direktive o habitatih ..................................................................13
Fish catches above safe limits ..................................................................13
Ulov rib nad varno mejo ..........................................................................13
Zooplankton abundance ..........................................................................13
Gostota živalskega planktona ...................................................................13
Packaging waste treatment ......................................................................15
Ravnanje z odpadno embalažo .................................................................15
Projected progress towards Kyoto Protocol targets ......................................17
Načrtovani napredek v skladu s cilji Kjotskega protokola ..............................17
Total energy consumption by fuel type ......................................................17
Skupna poraba energije po vrstah goriva ...................................................17
Renewable energy sources as a share of electricity consumption ...................17
Delež porabe električne energije iz obnovljivih virov ....................................17
Transport emissions of air pollutants .........................................................19
Emisije onesnaževal zraka v prometu ........................................................19
Progress with distance-related charges for heavy goods vehicles on highways 19
Napredek pri pristojbinah glede na razdaljo za težke tovornjake na avtocestah ........................................................................................19
Urban population exposure to pollution levels above EU limit values ..............21
Izpostavljenost mestnega prebivalstva ravnem onesnaževanja nad mejnimi vrednostmi EU ...........................................................................21
Urban population exposure: geographical variations ....................................21
Izpostavljenost mestnega prebivalstva: geografske razlike ...........................21
Average change in European glaciers ........................................................23
Povprečna sprememba na evropskih ledenikih ............................................23
Observed changes in growing season length ...............................................23
Opazovanje sprememb v dolžini rastne dob ................................................23
EEA Signals are annual reports covering a broad range of topics.
Signali EEA so letna poročila, ki obravnavajo različne teme.
They are typically built around 20–30 pages of indicator-based assessment wri�en in non-technical language for a broad audience with graphics to support the text.
Običajno zajemajo 20 do 30 strani na kazalcih temelječe presoje, ki je napisana v poljudnem jeziku za široko občinstvo, besedilo pa je podprto z grafičnimi prikazi.
They are translated into all EEA languages.
Prevedeni so v vse jezike EEA.
The key messages in this year's report highlight the need to make further progress in managing the environmental impacts of agriculture, transport and energy.
Ključna sporočila v letošnjem poročilu poudarjajo potrebo po nadaljnjem obvladovanju vplivov, ki jih imajo kmetijstvo, promet in energetika na okolje.
This can be achieved by further increasing the use of market-based instruments to manage demand and internalise external costs (e.g. for transport), by switching more extensively to positive subsidies (e.g. for agriculture) and by promoting innovation (e.g. for renewable energies).
To lahko dosežemo s tržnimi instrumenti za obvladovanje povpraševanja in internalizacijo eksternih stroškov (na primer za prevoz), s hitrejšim prehodom na pozitivne subvencije (na primer za kmetijstvo) in s spodbujanjem inovativnosti (na primer za obnovljive vire energije).
Similar instruments can also help deal with unsustainable trends in waste generation.
Podobni instrumenti nam lahko pomagajo tudi pri obvladovanju netrajnostnih usmeritev pri proizvodnji odpadkov.
The spin-off benefits for the environment and human health will be multi-dimensional across issues such as climate change, air pollution, biodiversity and water quality.
Koristi za okolje in človekovo zdravje bodo opazne na več področjih, kot so podnebne spremembe, kakovost vode in zraka, biotska raznovrstnost
The major events in Europe's environment during 2003 were weather- and climaterelated.
Glavni dogodki v zvezi z evropskim okoljem leta 2003 so bili povezani z vremenom in podnebjem.
The hot summer claimed possibly as many as 35 000 lives, mainly in southern Europe.
Vroče poletje je domnevno terjalo kar 35 000 življenj, predvsem v južni Evropi.
Ozone pollution levels were especially high, while unusually low water flows were recorded in the Danube, Rhine and other major rivers, in sharp contrast with the heavy flooding the summer before.
Ravni onesnaženosti z ozonom so bile izredno visoke, nenavadno nizke so bile tudi ravni pretokov Donave, Rena in drugih večjih rek, kar je v popolnem nasprotju s hudimi poplavami v predhodnem poletju.
The summer 2003 forest fires claimed lives and cost some EUR 925 million in Portugal alone.
Tudi gozdni požari so poleti leta 2003 terjali življenja in samo na Portugalskem povzročili za približno 925 milijonov evrov stroškov.
It is estimated that in Europe around three quarters of economic losses caused by catastrophic events result from weather- and climate-related events.
Ocenjeno je, da so v Evropi približno tri četrtine gospodarskih izgub, ki jih povzročijo katastrofalni dogodki, posledica vremenskih in podnebnih sprememb.
A very conservative estimate of the annual average bill is about EUR 10 billion and rising.
Po zelo previdnih ocenah ti povprečni letni stroški znašajo okoli 10 milijard evrov — in še naraščajo.
These figures suggest that managing Europe's natural resources is increasingly important for ensuring the viability of Europe's economic and social capital.
Te številke nam povedo, da je obvladovanje evropskih naravnih virov vedno bolj pomembno za preživetje gospodarskega in socialnega kapitala Evrope.
In general, environmental data are improving but they remain inadequate to meet the task of monitoring changes.
Okoljskih podatkov imamo vedno več, vendar še vedno ne dovolj, da bi lahko sledili vsem spremembam.
For example, water quality data need to become more statistically representative at catchment level, while air quality monitoring for small particles (PM
Tako je treba izboljšati statistično reprezentativnost podatkov o kakovosti vode na ravni povodja in natančneje spremljati kakovost zraka glede majhnih delcev (PM2.5) v mestih.
Climate change impacts data, as presented here on temperature, glaciers and flowering season length, are robust and scientifically collected over long time scales.
Podatki o vplivih na podnebne spremembe, kot so temperature, ledeniki in trajanje dobe cvetenja so zbrani sicer znanstveno, toda v predolgih časovnih razmikih.
The timeliness of all data needs to be improved.
Vsi podatki bi morali biti predvsem pravočasnejši.
The European Environment Agency is working to improve data by ensuring there is complete coverage over time for all member countries and that data delivered are as accurate as possible.
Evropska agencija za okolje si prizadeva podatke ažurirati, se pravi zagotoviti čim večjo točnost podatkov in popolno časovno pokritost za vse države članice.
Work continues to improve indicator methodologies, focusing primarily on the EEA core set of indicators (www.eea.eu.int/coreset).
Metodologij e kazalcev se izboljšujejo, delo je osredotočeno predvsem na temeljni sklop kazalcev EEA (www.eea.eu.int/coreset).
The set will be reviewed regularly and gradually expanded to cover issues not well addressed at present, such as resource use, health and chemicals.
Sklop se bo redno pregledoval in postopno razširil tako, da bo zajemal tudi področja, ki trenutno niso dovolj obdelana, to so raba virov, zdravje in kemikalije.
In addition, to meet the needs of citizens and policy-makers across Europe most effectively, the EEA will continue to develop more integrated indicators that combine the environmental, economic and social dimensions as well as the territorial dimension.
Evropska agencija za okolje bo še naprej razvijala bolj celostne kazalce, v katerih bodo združene okoljska, gospodarska in socialna ter tudi prostorska razsežnost, da bo čim bolj učinkovito zadovoljila potrebe vseh državljanov in oblikovalcev politike po vsej Evropi.
Europe in 2004: An environmental perspective
Evropa leta 2004: okoljska perspektiva
Europe's environment should be considered in the context of socio-economic agendas, such as the Lisbon process and sustainable development, that also have a strong global dimension.
Evropsko okolje bi morali obravnavati v povezavi s socialno-ekonomskimi načrti, kot sta lizbonski proces in trajnostni razvoj, ki imajo tudi močno globalno
establishment of a new approach to policy making (
Marca 2000 je Evropski svet v Lizboni postavil nov strateški cilj (Evrope.
The main barriers to progress in environmental protection and sustainability are the complex, inter-sectoral, inter-disciplinary and international nature of both the problems and the solutions.
Glavne ovire za napredek pri varovanju okolja in trajnosti so zapletena, medsektorska, interdisciplinarna in mednarodna narava tako problemov kot njihovih rešitev.
These barriers are underpinned by shortcomings in institutional structures, non-implementation of commitments already made (see European Council conclusions, 25–26 March 2004) and lack of information on and understanding of possible 'win-win-win' solutions for achieving sustainable outcomes.
Te ovire stopnjuje pomanjkanje institucionalnih struktur, neizpolnjevanje že sprejetih obveznosti (glej sklepe Evropskega sveta 25. do 26. marca 2004) in pomanjkanje informacij o možnih 'zmagam-zmagaš-zmaga' (win-win-win) rešitvah za doseganje trajnostnih rezultatov ter njihovega razumevanja.
Such solutions embrace competitiveness and innovation, social cohesion, territorial cohesion and the protection and maintenance of scarce natural resources and valuable ecosystems.
Takšne rešitve vključujejo konkurenčnost in inovativnost, socialno in teritorialno kohezijo ter zaščito in ohranjanje redkih naravnih virov in dragocenih ekosistemov.
The European Union is the second largest economy behind the United States, with a vast array of assets and a lead part to play in global governance.
Evropska unija je drugo največje gospodarstvo za Združenimi državami s celo vrsto prednosti in levjim deležem v upravljanju sveta.
The Lisbon economic agenda aims to deliver higher growth and more and be�er jobs, but progress towards its objectives is mixed.
Cilj lizbonskega gospodarskega načrta je zagotavljanje več in boljših delovnih mest, vendar je napredek pri doseganju njegovih ciljev neenakomeren.
Economic growth (in terms of gross domestic product) in the 15 older EU Member States was 27 % between 1990 and 2002, compared with 41 % in the United States.
Gospodarska rast (izražena v bruto domačem proizvodu) v petnajstih starejših članicah EU je med letoma 1990 in 2002 znašala 27 % v primerjavi z 41 % v Združenih državah.
Employment growth in these Member States has also lagged behind the United States since 1990, but labour productivity has been more closely aligned.
Rast zaposlenosti v teh državah članicah je po letu 1990 prav tako zaostajala za Združenimi državami, produktivnost dela pa je bila bolj izenačena.
Competitiveness and innovation are defining conditions for growth to deliver sustainable outcomes for Europe's economy, society and environment.
Konkurenčnost in inovativnost določata možnosti za rast, ki bo evropskemu gospodarstvu, družbi in okolju zagotovila trajnostne rezultate. Indeks evropske konkurenčnosti 2004 (The European Competitiveness Index 2004, Robert Huggins Associates, h9 p://www.hugginsassociates.com) kaže, da evropsko konkurenčnost poganja peščica držav in 'super regij'.
In the future, ambitious regions in the new EU Member States are expected to overtake the least competitive among the older Member States.
Pričakujemo lahko, da bodo prizadevne regij e iz novih držav članic EU v prihodnosti prehitele najmanj konkurenčne v starih članicah.
At country level Denmark and Luxembourg head the competitiveness league among the older Member States, while Uusimaa in Finland and Stockholm head the regional index and are also the only regions in the European Union to feature in the 2002 world competitiveness index.
Na ravni držav sta med starejšimi državami članicami po konkurenčnosti vodilna Luksemburg in Danska, v razvrstitvi regijpa vodita Uusimaa na Finskem in Stockholm, ki sta tudi edini regij i iz Evropske unije, ki sta se pojavili na svetovni lestvici indeksa konkurenčnosti za leto 2002.
Norway and Switzerland also perform well.
Dobro gre tudi Norveški in Švici.
The extent of knowledge creation and the utilisation of human capital distinguish the competitive performers from the less competitive.
Konkurenčna okolja se razlikujejo od manj konkurenčnih po obsegu novega znanja in izrabi človeškega kapitala.
Many of these countries and regions also perform relatively well on environmental issues, indicating that economic and environmental goals can be achieved together.
Mnoge izmed teh držav in regij se relativno dobro odrežejo tudi pri okoljskih zadevah, kar nakazuje, da je mogoče gospodarske in okoljske cilje dosegati sočasno.
Reducing regional disparities, the main goal of the European Union's cohesion policy, is expected to further enhance 'be�er' growth (see European Commission 3rd Cohesion Report, February 2004).
Zmanjševanje regionalnih razlik, ki je glavni cilj kohezijske politike Evropske unije, naj bi še stopnjevalo boljšo rast (glej tretje poročilo Evropske komisije o koheziji, februar 2004).
Be�er growth also means improved resource productivity.
Večja rast pomeni tudi povečano produktivnost virov.
There was a slight increase per capita in the use of materials in the European Union economy between 1980 and 2000.
Med letoma 1980 in 2002 je bilo v gospodarstvu Evropske unije rahlo povečanje porabe surovin na prebivalca.
Over the same period, Europe's gross domestic
V istem obdobju je bila rast evropskega bruto domačega proizvoda veliko večja (56 %), kar nakazuje, da je prišlo do relativnega zmanjšanja povezave med porabo virov in gospodarsko rastjo, in kar je bilo delno posledica
EEA Signals 2004 product grew much more strongly (by 56 %), indicating that there has been a relative decoupling of resource use from economic growth, driven in part by technological innovation.
Signali EEA 2004 tehnoloških inovacij .
Europe leads on environmental technology innovations, for example on more sustainable manufacturing materials and processes, renewable energies and waste treatment practices.
Evropa je vodilna pri inovacij ah v okoljskih tehnologijah, na primer pri bolj trajnostnih proizvodnih materialih in procesih, obnovljivih virih energije in obdelavi odpadkov.
Research is key to maintaining progress.
Raziskave pa so ključnega pomena za ohranitev napredka.
The coherence and targeting of research resources could be improved and much more can be done to exploit fully the potential of what already exists by dealing with institutional and political barriers to progress.
Skladnost in usmerjanje raziskovalnih zmogljivosti bi bilo mogoče izboljšati in veliko bolj bi lahko izkoristili obstoječi potencial, če bi se lotili institucionalnih in političnih ovir za napredek.
There is also a lot to be achieved by promoting the use of venture capital in embryo niche markets.
Veliko je moč doseči tudi s spodbujanjem uporabe tveganega kapitala v zametkih tržnih niš.
Social changes in Europe are being driven by enlargement, demographic changes and globalisation.
Širitev, demografske spremembe in globalizacija pospešujejo družbene spremembe v Evropi.