natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Lawfulness of the contested decision and the contested Joint Action ......
Zakonitost izpodbijanega sklepa in sporni skupni ukrep .................
V — Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
V – Stro�ki ......................................................................
I — Introduction framework of the Moratorium on Small Arms and Light Weapons 2(‘the contested deci- sion’) and to declare inapplicable, because of its illegality, Title II of Council Joint Action 2002/589/CFSP of 12 July 2002 on the European Union’s contribution to combating the destabilising accumulation and spread of small arms and light weapons and repealing Joint Action 1999/34/CFSP 3(‘the contested Joint Action’).
I – Uvod kalibra 2(v nadaljevanju: izpodbijani sklep) in ugotovi, da se Naslov II Skupnega ukrepa Sveta 2002/589/SZVP z dne 12. julija 2002 o prispevku Evropske unije k boju proti destabilizirajočemu kopičenju in raz�irjanju orožja malega kalibra in lahkega strelnega orožja in o razveljavitvi Skupnega ukrepa 1999/34/SZVP 3 (v nadaljevanju: sporni skupni ukrep) zaradi nezakonitosti ne uporablja.
COMMISSION v COUNCIL of the Community by Council Decision 2003/159/EC of 19 December 2002.
KOMISIJA PROTI SVETU je bil v imenu Skupnosti potrjen s Sklepom Sveta 2003/159/ES z dne 19. decembra 2002 5.
5 It came into force on 1 April 2003.
Veljati je začel 1. aprila 2003.
Article 1 of the Cotonou Agreement, entitled ‘Objectives of the partnership’, states:
Člen 1 tega sporazuma z naslovom „Cilji partnerstva“ določa:
The main point of the present case concerns, in substance, the interpretation of Article 47 EU and the distribution of competences between the European Union, acting in the framework of Title V of the EU Treaty, ‘Provisions on a common foreign and security policy’ (CFSP), and the European Community in the area of development cooperation (Title XX of the EC Treaty).
Pomembno vsebinsko vpra�anje v tej zadevi se nana�a na razlago člena 47 EU in delitve pristojnosti med Evropsko unijo v okviru Naslova V Pogodbe EU in sicer „določbe o skupni zunanji in varnostni politiki“ (v nadaljevanju: SZVP) in Evropsko skupnostjo na področju razvojnega sodelovanja (Naslov XX Pogodbe ES).
From the procedural viewpoint, the case also raises the problem of the admissibility of a plea of illegality raised by a so-called ‘privileged’ applicant against an act of a general nature in the original context of the relationship between the first and second pillars of the European Union.
S postopkov -nega vidika se postavlja tudi problem dopustnosti ugovora nezakonitosti, na katerega se t. i. „priviligerana“ tožeča stranka sklicuje zoper splo�ni akt v prvotnem okviru razmerij med prvim in drugim stebrom Evropske unije.
‘The Community and its Member States, of the one part, and the ACP States, of the other part, hereinafter referred to as the “Parties” hereby conclude this Agreement in order to promote and expedite the economic, cultural and social development of the ACP States, with a view to contributing to peace and security and to promoting a stable and democratic political environment.
„Skupnost in njene države članice na eni strani ter države AKP na drugi, v nadaljnjem besedilu ‚pogodbenice‘, sklepajo ta sporazum zaradi spodbujanja in pospe�evanja gospodarskega, kulturnega in družbenega razvoja držav AKP, z vidika prispevanja k miru in varnosti ter spodbujanja stabilnega in demokratičnega političnega okolja.
II — Legal context and background to the dispute
II – Pravni okvir in dejansko stanje
The partnership shall be centred on the objective of reducing and eventually eradicating poverty consistent with the objectives of sustainable development and the gradual integration of the ACP countries into the world economy.
Partnerstvo je usmerjeno k cilju, da se v skladu s cilji trajnostnega razvoja in postopnega vključevanja držav AKP v svetovno gospodarstvo zmanj�a in sčasoma izkorenini rev�čina.
The partnership agreement between the members of the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States, of the one part, and the European Community and its Member States, of the other part 4(‘the Cotonou Agreement’) was signed in Cotonou (Benin) on 23 June 2000 and was approved on behalf
V Cotonouju (Benin) je bil 23. junija 2000 podpisan Sporazum o partnerstvu med članicami skupine afri�kih, karibskih in pacifi�kih držav na eni strani in Evropsko skupnostjo in njenimi državami članicami na drugi 4(v nadaljevanju: Sporazum iz Cotonouja), ki
The partnership shall provide a coherent support framework for the development strategies adopted by each ACP State.
Partnerstvo zagotavlja enoten okvir podpore za razvojne strategije, ki jih sprejme posamezna država AKP.
Article 11 of the Cotonou Agreement, entitled ‘Peace-building policies, conflict prevention and resolution’, states:
Člen 11 Sporazuma iz Cotonouja z naslovom „Politike vzpostavljanja miru, preprečevanje in re�evanje konfliktov“ določa:
Relevant activities shall also include, inter alia, support for mediation, negotiation and reconciliation efforts, for effective regional management of shared, scarce natural resources, for demobilisation and reintegration of former combatants into the society, for addressing the problem of child soldiers, as well as for suitable action to set responsible limits to military expenditure and the arms trade, including through support for the promotion and application of agreed standards and codes of conduct.
Zadevni ukrepi med drugim vključujejo tudi podporo posredovanju, pogajanjem in prizadevanjem za pomiritev, učinkovitemu regionalnemu upravljanju s skupnimi, nezadostnimi naravnimi viri, demobilizaciji in ponovnemu vključevanju biv�ih udeležencev vojne v družbo, re�evanju problema otrok vojakov, pa tudi ustreznim ukrepom za odgovorno omejitev izdatkov za vojsko in trgovino z orožjem, vključno s podporo spodbujanju in uporabi dogovorjenih standardov in pravil o obna�anju.
In this context, particular emphasis shall be given to the fight against antipersonnel landmines as well as to addressing an excessive and uncontrolled spread, illegal trafficking and accumulation of small arms and light weapons.
V tem kontekstu je poudarek zlasti na boju zoper protipehotne mine ter preprečevanju čezmernega in nenadzorovanega �irjenja, nezakonite preprodaje in kopičenja majhnega in lahkega orožja.
The Parties shall pursue an active, comprehensive and integrated policy of peacebuilding and conflict prevention and resolution within the framework of the Partnership.
Pogodbenice izvajajo v okviru partnerstva aktivno, celovito in enotno politiko vzpostavljanja miru ter preprečevanja in re�evanja konfliktov.
This policy shall be based on the principle of ownership.
Ta politika temelji na načelu lastni�tva.
It shall in particular focus on building regional, sub-regional and national capacities, and on preventing violent conflicts at an early stage by addressing their root causes in a targeted manner, and with an adequate combination of all available instruments.
Zlasti se osredotoči na regionalno, podregionalno in nacionalno usposabljanje ter na zgodnje preprečevanje konfliktov, v katerih je prisotno nasilje, z namenskim odpravljanjem njihovih vzrokov in ustrezno kombinacijo vseh razpoložljivih instrumentov.
According to the Commission, the largest single block of this financing will be allocated to the ECOWAS Small Arms Control Programme.
Po mnenju Komisije se bo največji del teh finančnih sredstev dodelil programu ECOWAS za nadzor nad lahkim orožjem.
Pursuant to Articles 6 to 10 of Annex IV to the Cotonou Agreement, ‘Implementation and Management Procedures’, a regional cooperation strategy and a regional indicative programme were laid out in a document signed on 19 February 2003 by the Commission, of the one part, and by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) 6and the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), of the other.
V skladu s členi od 6 do 10 Priloge IV k Sporazumu iz Cotonouja z naslovom „Izvedbeni in upravljalski postopki“ je bila strategija regionalnega sodelovanja in regionalnega okvirnega programa določena v dokumentu, ki so ga 19. februarja 2003 podpisale Komisija Evropskih skupnosti na eni strani in Gospodarska skupnost zahodnoafri�kih držav (ECOWAS) 6ter Gospodarska in monetarna unija zahodnoafri�kih držav (UEMOA) na drugi strani.
B — The contested Joint Action
B – Sporni skupni ukrep
This document highlights, in section 2.3.1, ‘Security and conflict prevention’, ‘the importance of controlling the traffic in small arms’, noting that ‘there is a moratorium on export and import supported by the United Nations’.
Svet Evropske unije je 12. julija 2002 sprejel sporni skupni ukrep, ki je odpravil in nadomestil skupni ukrep Sveta 1999/34/SZVP z dne 17. decembra 1998 o prispevku Evropske unije k boju proti destabilizirajočemu kopičenju in raz�irjanju lahkega orožja in orožja malega kalibra 7.
In section 6.4.1, ‘Support for a regional policy of conflict prevention and good governance’, this document states that support may be given to back up the United Nations in carrying out priority measures under the action plan to implement a moratorium on the import, export and production of small arms.
Sporni skupni ukrep na področju uporabe ratione mate­riae zajema, tam kjer je potrebno, strelivo za lahko orožje in orožje malega kalibra, pri čemer v prilogi ohranja seznam orožja iz priloge k skupnemu ukrepu 1999/34/SZVP 8,
On 12 July 2002, the Council of the European Union adopted the contested Joint Action, which repealed and replaced Council Joint Action 1999/34/CFSP of 17 December 1998 on the European Union’s contribution to combating the destabilising accumulation and spread of small arms and light weapons.
V tem dokumentu je v poglavju 2.3.1 z naslovom „Varnost in preprečevanje konfliktov“ poudarjen „pomen nadzorovanja trgovine z orožjem, pri čemer obstaja moratorij na izvoz in uvoz, ki ga podpirajo Združeni narodi“.
7As regards its material scope, the contested Joint Action includes, where appropriate, ammunition for small arms and light weapons, while maintaining, in the annex, the list of weapons in the annex to Joint Action 1999/34/CFSP 8 and respecting, in the body of the Joint Action, the previous
V poglavju 6.4.1 z naslovom „Podpora regionalni politiki preprečevanja konfliktov in dobro upravljanje“ ta dokument navaja, da bo predvidena akcija v podporo akciji Združenih narodov pri izvedbi prednostnih ukrepov na podlagi akcijskega plana za izvr�itev moratorija na uvoz, izvoz in proizvodnjo lahkega orožja.
6 — This regional organisation, established in 1975, aims to promote cooperation between and the integration of the West African States and at present consists of 15 Member States, namely the Republic of Benin, Burkina-Faso, the Republic of Cabo Verde, the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire, the Republic of Gambia, the Republic of Ghana, the Republic of Guinée, the Republic of Guinée-Bissau, the Republic of Liberia, the Republic of Mali, the Republic of Niger, the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the Republic of Senegal, the Republic of Sierra Leone and the Togolese Republic.
6 – Ta regionalna organizacija, ustanovljena leta 1975, spodbuja sodelovanje in integracijo zahodnoafri�kih držav in trenutno vključuje 15 držav članic, in sicer Republiko Benin, Burkino Faso, Republiko Zelenortski otoki, Republiko Slonoko-�čena obala, Republiko Gambijo, Republiko Gano, Republiko Gvinejo, Republiko Gvinejo Bissau, Republiko Liberijo, Republiko Mali, Republiko Niger, Zvezno republiko Nigerijo, Republiko Senegal, Republiko Sierra Leone in Togo�ko republiko.
The Islamic Republic of Mauritania left the organisation in 2002. See http://www.ecowas.int/
Islamska republika Mavretanija je iz te organizacije izstopila leta 2002. Glej http://www.ecowas.int
to build consensus in the relevant regional and international forums.
podlagi katerih si bo Evropska unija prizadevala poiskati soglasje v regionalnem okviru in na zadevnih mednarodnih forumih.
To this end, the Title sets out the principles and measures that have to be realised to prevent the further destabilising accumulation of small arms (Article 3) and to reduce existing accumulations of small arms and their ammunition (Article 4).
V ta namen navaja načela in ukrepe, ki jih je treba udejanjiti, da bi preprečila nadaljnje destabilizirajoče kopičenje orožja malega kalibra (člen 3) in da bi zmanj�ala obstoječe kopičenje orožja malega kalibra in pripadajočega streliva (člen 4).
In the words of Article 1(1) of the contested Joint Action, its objectives are the following:
V skladu s členom 1(1) spornega skupnega ukrepa so njegovi cilji:
‘— to combat, and contribute to ending, the destabilising accumulation and spread of small arms,
„– boj proti destabilizirajočemu kopičenju in raz�irjanju orožja malega kalibra ter pomoč pri prenehanju te dejavnosti,
Among the principles and measures that have to be realised to prevent the further destabilising accumulation of small arms, Article 3 in Title I mentions commitments by all the countries concerned regarding the production, export, import and holding of those arms, as well as the establishment and maintenance of national inventories of weapons and the establishment of restrictive national weapons legislation.
Med načeli in ukrepi, ki jih je treba udejanjiti, da bi se preprečilo nadaljnje destabilizirajoče kopičenje orožja malega kalibra, so v členu 3 Naslova I navedene zaveze vseh zadevnih držav na področju proizvodnje, izvoza, uvoza in posedovanja navedenega orožja ter ustanovitev in vodenje nacionalnega registra orožja in oblikovanje omejevalne nacionalne zakonodaje.
— to contribute to the reduction of existing accumulations of these weapons and their ammunition to levels consistent with countries’ legitimate security needs, and
– pomoč pri zmanj�evanju obstoječih zalog tega orožja in pripadajočega streliva na raven, ki je v skladu z zakonitimi potrebami države na področju varnosti, in
— to help solve the problems caused by such accumulations.’
– pomoč pri re�evanju problemov, nastalih s kopičenjem teh zalog.“
Title I of the contested Joint Action, ‘Principles on preventive and reactive aspects’, sets out the principles and objectives on which the European Union will aim
Med načeli in ukrepi, ki jih je treba udejanjiti za zmanj�anje obstoječih zalog orožja malega kalibra in pripadajočega streliva, je v členu 4 Naslova I med drugim določena ustrezna pomoč državam, ki prosijo za pomoč pri nadzoru ali odstranjevanju odvečnega orožja in streliva zanj, na njihovem ozemlju, zavzemanje za ukrepe krepitve zaupanja in za ukrepe, ki spodbujajo prostovoljno oddajo orožja malega kalibra, ki je odveč ali je v nezakoniti posesti, ter pripadajočega streliva.
Article 9(1) in Title II states:
Člen 9(1) Naslova II določa:
Title II of the contested Joint Action, headed ‘Contribution by the Union to specific actions’, provides in particular for financial and technical assistance to programmes and projects which make a direct and identifiable contribution to the principles and measures referred to in Title I.
V Naslovu II spornega skupnega ukrepa z naslovom „Prispevek Unije k posebnim ukrepom“ je med drugim določena finančna in tehnična pomoč programom in projektom, ki dajejo neposreden in razpoznaven prispevek načelom in ukrepom, navedenim v Naslovu I.
‘The Council and the Commission shall be responsible for ensuring the consistency of the Union’s activities in the field of small arms, in particular with regard to its development policies.
„Svet in Komisija sta odgovorna za zagotavljanje skladnosti dejavnosti Unije na področju orožja malega kalibra, zlasti glede razvojnih politik.
For this purpose, Member States and the Commission shall submit any relevant information to the relevant Council bodies.
V ta namen države članice in Komisija vse koristne informacije po�ljejo zadevnim telesom Sveta.
The Council and the Commission shall ensure implementation of their respective action, each in accordance with its powers.’
Svet in Komisija zagotavljata izvajanje svojih lastnih zadevnih ukrepov v skladu s svojimi pristojnostmi.“
Article 6(2) in Title II states that, in providing such assistance, the Union is to take into account in particular: the recipients’ commitments to comply with the principles mentioned in Article 3 of the contested Joint Action; their respect for human rights; their compliance with international humanitarian law and the protection of the rule of law; and their compliance with their international commitments, in particular with regard to existing peace treaties and international arms control agreements.
Evropska unija bo v skladu s členom 6(2) Naslova II pri zagotavljanju take pomoči upo�tevala zlasti zavezanost prejemnikov k spo�tovanju načel, navedenih v členu 3 spornega skupnega ukrepa, njihovo spo�tovanje človekovih pravic, mednarodnega humanitarnega prava in varovanja vladavine prava ter njihovo spo�tovanje mednarodnih zavez, zlasti obstoječih mirovnih sporazumov in mednarodnih sporazumov o nadzoru nad orožjem.
Article 8 in Title II states:
Člen 8 Naslova II določa:
On 2 December 2004, the Council adopted the contested decision, which implements the contested Joint Action with a view to a European Union contribution to ECOWAS in the framework of the Moratorium on Small Arms and Light Weapons.
Svet je 2. decembra 2004 sprejel izpodbijani sklep o izvr�itvi spornega skupnega ukrepa z namenom prispevanja Evropske unije ECOWAS v okviru moratorija na lahko orožje in na orožje malega kalibra 9.
9 As legal basis, the contested decision cites the contested Joint Action, in particular Article 3 thereof, and Article 23(2) EU.
V izpodbijanem sklepu je kot pravna podlaga naveden sporni skupni ukrep, zlasti njegov člen 3 in člen 23(2) EU.
9 — This Moratorium was solemnly declared by the Heads of State and Government of the Member States of ECOWAS at the Abuja summit on 30 and 31 October 1998 for a term of three years, which was renewed for a further three years in 2001.
9 – Ta moratorij so svečano razglasili �efi držav in vlad držav članic ECOWAS na vrhu v Abudži, ki je potekal 30. in 31. oktobra 1998, za obdobje treh let, ki je bilo leta 2001 podalj�ano za dodatna tri leta.
The text of the ‘Declaration of a Moratorium on Importation, Exportation and Manufacture of Light Weapons in West Africa’ is available at the following internet address: http://www.grip.org/bdg/g1649.html.
Besedilo „Deklaracija moratorija na trgovanje in proizvodnjo lahkega strelnega orožja v Zahodni Afriki“ je na voljo na spletni strani: http://www.grip.org/bdg/g1650.html.
‘The Council notes that the Commission intends to direct its action towards achieving the objectives and the priorities of this Joint Action, where appropriate by pertinent Community measures.’
„Svet sprejema v vednost, da ima Komisija namen svoje delovanje usmeriti v doseganje ciljev in prednostnih nalog tega skupnega ukrepa s primernimi ukrepi Skupnosti glede na potrebe.“
In its preamble, the contested decision sets out the following recitals:
V izpodbijanem sklepu so v preambuli povzete naslednje uvodne izjave:
In the words of Article 1 of the contested decision, the European Union is to contribute towards implementing projects in the framework of the ECOWAS Moratorium on the Import, Export and Manufacture of Small Arms and Light Weapons.
Evropska unija v skladu s členom 1 izpodbijanega sklepa prispeva k izvedbi projektov v okviru moratorija ECOWAS na uvoz, izvoz in proizvodnjo orožja malega kalibra in lahkega orožja.
To this end, the Union is to offer a financial contribution and technical assistance to set up the Light Weapons Unit within the ECOWAS Technical Secretariat and to convert the Moratorium into a Convention on small arms and light weapons between the ECOWAS Member States.
Evropska unija daje v ta namen finančni prispevek in tehnično pomoč za ustanovitev enote za lahko orožje v okviru tehničnega sekretariata ECOWAS in za preoblikovanje moratorija v konvencijo o orožju malega kalibra in lahkem orožju med državami ECOWAS.
‘(1) The excessive and uncontrolled accumulation and spread of small arms and light weapons poses a threat to peace and security and reduces the prospects for sustainable development; this is particularly the case in West Africa.
„(1) Pretirano in nenadzorovano kopičenje in �irjenje orožja malega kalibra in lahkega orožja pomeni grožnjo miru in varnosti ter zmanj�uje možnosti za trajnostni razvoj, kar �e posebej velja za Zahodno Afriko.
Article 3 of the contested decision states:
Člen 3 izpodbijanega sklepa določa:
(2) In pursuing the objectives set out in Article 1 of [the contested Joint Action], the European Union envisages operating within the relevant international forums to promote confidencebuilding measures.
(2) Evropska unija namerava pri uresničevanju ciljev iz člena 1 [spornega] skupnega ukrepa delovati v okviru mednarodnih forumov, pristojnih za spodbujanje ukrepov za vzpostavitev zaupanja.
This Decision is accordingly intended to implement the said Joint Action.
V tem smislu je ta sklep namenjen izvajanju omenjenega skupnega ukrepa.
‘The Commission shall be entrusted with the financial implementation of this Decision.
„Komisija se pooblasti za finančno izvedbo tega sklepa.
To that end, it shall conclude a financing agreement with ECOWAS on the conditions for use of the European Union contribution, which shall take the form of a grant…’
V ta namen z ECOWAS-om sklene finančni sporazum o pogojih uporabe prispevka Evropske unije, ki bo v obliki sredstev nepovratne pomoči. […]“
(3) The European Union considers that a financial contribution and technical assistance would help to consolidate the [ECOWAS] initiative concerning small arms and light weapons.
(3) Evropska unija ocenjuje, da bi finančni prispevek in tehnična pomoč pripomogla k utrditvi pobude Gospodarske skupnosti zahodnoafri�kih držav (ECOWAS) na področju orožja malega kalibra in lahkega orožja.
Article 4(2) of the contested decision states:
Člen 4(2) izpodbijanega sklepa določa:
(4) The European Union therefore intends to offer financial support and technical assistance to ECOWAS in accordance with Title II of [the contested Joint Action].’
(4) Evropska unija namerava torej ECOWAS-u zagotoviti finančno in tehnično pomoč v skladu z Naslovom II [spornega] skupnega ukrepa.“
COMMISSION v COUNCIL indicative programme with ECOWAS.
Komisija zlasti poroča o vidikih iz prvega stavka člena 3.
This is demonstrated by the fact that the Commission is already preparing a financing proposal for an indicative amount of EUR 1.5 million to support the implementation of the ECOWAS moratorium on small arms and light weapons (SALW).
Te informacije morajo zlasti temeljiti na rednih poročilih, ki jih ECOWAS predloži v okviru svojega pogodbenega odnosa s Komisijo.“
reports on the consistency of the European Union’s activities in the field of small arms and light weapons, in particular with regard to its development policies, in accordance with Article 9(1) of [the contested Joint Action].
Skupni ukrep, ki se financira na podlagi SZVP, bi lahko bil financiran na podlagi 9.
More particularly, the Commission shall report on the aspects referred to in the first sentence of Article 3.
EDF in bi bil popolnoma v skladu z okvir- nim regionalnim programom ECOWAS.
This information shall be based, amongst other things, on regular reports to be supplied by ECOWAS under its contractual relationship with the Commission.’
Komisija dejansko pripravlja predlog o financiranju, ki se nana�a na okvirni znesek 1,5 milijona eurov, in je namenjen podpori udejanjenju moratorija ECOWAS na lahko orožje in orožje malega kalibra (LOMK).
When the contested decision was adopted, the Commission made the following declaration:
Komisija je ob sprejetju izpodbijanega sklepa podala naslednjo izjavo:
Finally, the Joint Action falls within the shared competences on which Community development policy and the Cotonou Agreement are based.
Na koncu, skupni ukrep sodi na področje deljene pristojnosti, na kateri temeljita razvojna politika Skupnosti in Sporazum iz Cotonouja.