natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
84; amended by Directive 98/4/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 (OJ 1998 L 101, p.
1, tudi spremenjena in nato razveljavljena z direktivami, navedenimi v prej�nji opombi.
54; also amended and appealed by the directives cited in footnote 2.
54, tudi spremenjena in nato razveljavljena z direktivami, navedenimi v opombi 2.
OPINION OF MR RUIZ-JARABO — CASE C-412/04
SKLEPNI PREDLOGI RUIZ-JARABOJA – ZADEVA C-412/04 prepoved se uporablja tudi za omejitve pri ustanavljanju agencij, podružnic ali hčerinskih družb državljanov katere koli države članice s sedežem na ozemlju katere koli države članice“.
the value of which is below the Community thresholds; (4) the award of contracts for the supervision of works to the project designer when neither the contracting authority nor any other public authority is able to perform that role; (5) the method of awarding inspection contracts to third parties; and (6) the system of awarding contracts for privately financed works.
4. dodelitev vodenja gradnje projektantu, kadar te naloge ne more prevzeti niti naročnik niti drugi javni organ; 5. način dodelitve nalog nadziranja tretjim osebam in 6. sistem podeljevanja koncesij za gradnje, ki se financirajo z zasebnimi sredstvi.
Those complaints raise two issues of general interest which need to be discussed in more detail; first, the criteria for determining whether the Community provisions on procurement must apply to mixed contracts, and, second, the application of the principles of transparency and equal treatment to the award of contracts whose value is lower than the thresholds set in the Directives.
Ti očitki odpirajo dve vpra�anji v splo�nem interesu, ki ju je treba podrobno preučiti: merila za uporabo pravil Skupnosti o javnih naročilih za me�ana naročila ter spo�tovanje načel preglednosti in enakega obravnavanja pri dodelitvi naročil, katerih vrednost je nižja od pragov, določenih z direktivami.
The Directives on public contracts
II – Pravni okvir
A — The Community legislation
A – Skupnostna ureditev
The first paragraph of Article 43 EC provides: ‘Within the framework of the provisions set out below, restrictions on the freedom of establishment of nationals of a
V členu 43, prvi odstavek, ES je določeno, da se „[v] okviru določb, navedenih v nadaljevanju, […] omejitve glede pravice do ustanavljanja za državljane ene države članice na ozemlju druge države članice prepovejo. Ta
Directives 92/50, 93/36, 93/37 and 93/38 were adopted in order to provide simultaneously for the application to the field of public contracts of the principles of freedom of establishment and freedom to provide services enshrined in Articles 43 EC and 49 EC.
Direktive 92/50, 93/36, 93/37 in 93/38 so bile sprejete, da bi se na področju javnih naročil hkrati izvajali svoboda ustanavljanja in svoboda opravljanja storitev, določeni v členih 43 ES in 49 ES.
Of all the provisions included in those Directives, the most notable are the ones which define the scope of each Directive by setting different thresholds for the exclusion of works with values below the amounts set (Article 7 of Directive 92/50, Article 5 of Directive 93/36, Article 6 of Directive 93/37 and Article 14 of Directive 93/38).
Med vsemi določbami teh direktiv je treba posebno pozornost nameniti pravilom, ki opredeljujejo njihovo področje uporabe in določajo različne pragove izključitve za naročila, katerih ocenjena vrednost je nižja od navedenih zneskov (člen 7 Direktive 92/50, člen 5 Direktive 93/36, člen 6 Direktive 93/37 in člen 14 Direktive 93/38).
Article 3(3) of Legislative Decree No 157 of 17 March 1995 8 lays down the same provi-
Člen 3(3) uredbezakona �t. 157 z dne 17. marca 1995 8vsebuje enake določbe za
I will refer to other specific provisions as I analyse the grounds of failure to fulfil obligations.
Na druge konkretne določbe se bom skliceval pri analiziranju razlogov, navedenih v podporo tožbi.
sion for mixed works and service contracts and for service contracts which include ancillary works.
me�ana naročila gradenj in storitev ter za naročila storitev, ki predvidevajo dodatna dela.
B — The Italian legislation
B – Italijanska zakonodaja
Urban development works
Urbanistična dela
Mixed contracts
Me�ana naročila
If the value, which is assessed individually where there are a number of works, exceeds the Community thresholds, the contract must be awarded in accordance with Directive 93/37.
Če je vrednost, ki se pri več gradnjah ocenjuje individualno, vi�ja od pragov Skupnosti, se naročilo dodeli v skladu z Direktivo 93/37.
Article 2(1) of Law No 109/94, which delimits the scope of the Law, defines public works as construction, demolition, restoration, restructuring, refurbishment and maintenance, and provides that the Law applies to mixed works, supply and service contracts and to supply and service contracts which include ancillary works the value of which exceeds 50% of the total value of the contract.
Člen 2(1) zakona �t. 109/94, ki omejuje obseg pojma javnih gradenj, mednje vključuje gradnjo, ru�enje, obnavljanje, preurejanje, prenavljanje in vzdrževanje; področje uporabe zakona �iri na me�ana naročila gradenj, blaga in storitev ter na naročila blaga ali storitev, ki vključujejo dodatna dela, ocenjena na več kot 50 % cene.
Articles 3 and 11 of Law No 10 of 28 January 1977, 10that the holder of a building permit may carry out urban development works himself and offset the whole or part of the cost against the urban development fees due.
Vodenje gradnje z dne 28. januarja 1977 10izhaja, da lahko imetnik dovoljenja sam izvede urbanistična dela, katerih stro�ke v celoti ali delno od�teje od dolgovanih davkov.
Under Article 27(2) of Law No 109/94, provided that the contracting authority does not, in the cases referred to in Article 17(4), assume responsibility for the supervision of works, that authority must award the contract for supervision services, in the following order, to (1) other public authorities; (2) the project designer, in accordance with Article 17(4); or (3) other persons who have been pre-selected pursuant to national rules.
Če naročniki v primerih iz člena 17(4) ne morejo prevzeti vodenja gradnje, v skladu s členom 27(2) zakona �t. 109/94 to nalogo zaupajo po vrsti: 1. drugim javnim organom; 2. projektantu, zadolženemu za projekt v smislu člena 17(4), ali 3. drugim subjektom, izbranim v skladu z nacionalnimi predpisi.
Contracts for the design, supervision and inspection of works the value of which is below the Community thresholds
Naloge projektiranja, vodenja in nadziranja gradnje pri naročilih, katerih vrednost je nižja od pragov Skupnosti
Inspection services
Dejavnosti nadzora
Under Article 17(12) of Law No 109/94, the competent authorities may award contracts for the design and supervision of works with a value of less than EUR 100 000 to the persons referred to in subparagraph (1)(d), (e), (f) and (g), after verifying the experience and professional capacity of the person selected and stating reasons for the choice.
Člen 17(12) zakona �t. 109/94 pristojnim organom dovoljuje, da storitve projektiranja in vodenja gradnje, katerih ocenjena vrednost je nižja od 100.000 EUR, dodelijo subjektom iz odstavka 1, točke (d), (e), (f) in (g), potem ko preverijo izku�nje in poklicno usposobljenost izbranega subjekta ter utemeljijo to odločitev.
Under Article 28(4) of Law No 109/94, inspection services are to be entrusted to one, two or three highly qualified technicians expert in the particular field concerned, by reference to the type, complexity and value of the works; they are to be selected from the contracting authority’s own organisation unless it is established and certified that there is a lack of persons who satisfy the aforesaid requirements.
Na podlagi člena 28(4) zakona �t. 109/94 se naloge nadzora zaupajo enemu, dvema ali trem visokokvalificiranim tehnikom na posameznem področju, glede na vrsto, zahtevnost in vrednost gradnje; naročniki jih imenujejo znotraj svojih struktur, razen če vodja postopka ugotovi in potrdi pomanjkanje osebja.
Those provisions must be read in conjunction with Article 188 of Presidential Decree No 554 of 21 December 1999, 11
Ta pravila mora dopolnjevati člen 188 uredbe predsednika Republike �t. 554 z dne 21. decembra 1999 11, s katero se izvaja zakon
In addition, under Article 30(6a) of Law No 109/94, responsibility for the inspection of works falls to the technical departments of the tendering entities or to the supervisory bodies referred to in Article 30(6a)(a) or, where the value is below the Community thresholds, to persons trusted by the awarding authority.
Poleg tega člen 30(6a) navedenega zakona dopu�ča, da se naloge nadziranja zaupajo tehničnim oddelkom naročnikov ali nadzornih organov iz točke (a) istega odstavka; če pragovi Skupnosti niso doseženi, se lahko te naloge dodelijo osebam, ki uživajo zaupanje naročnika.
Article 37a permits such persons to submit proposals for public works and works in the public interest, and to conclude the relevant contracts, under which they assume the financing and management of those works. To that end, the contracting authority is required to publish an indicative notice sufficiently in advance.
Člen 37a tem osebam dovoljuje, da naročnikom predložijo predloge za izvedbo javnih gradenj ali gradenj v javnem interesu ter podpi�ejo ustrezne pogodbe, ki določajo financiranje in vodenje gradnje; naročnik dovolj zgodaj objavi informativno obvestilo.
It appears from paragraphs 1, 3, 8, 9, 11, 12 and 13 of Article 188 that, within 30 days of the conclusion of the works, the contracting authority must entrust the inspection of the works to its staff, by reference to the type, category, complexity and value of the works and certain other pre-established criteria.
Iz odstavkov 1, 3, 8, 9, 11, 12 in 13 navedene določbe izhaja, da naročnik v tridesetih dneh od zaključka gradnje zaupa naloge nadziranja svojim sodelavcem glede na vrsto, kategorijo, zahtevnost in vrednost del ter na podlagi predhodno določenih meril; če nihče ne izpolnjuje zahtevanih pogojev, se vključijo zunanji strokovnjaki, navedeni na seznamih Ministero dei Lavori Pubblici (ministrstvo za javna dela), regij in avtonomnih pokrajin.
If no one meets the requirements stipulated, the authority must use the services of external specialists included in lists held by the Ministero dei Lavori Pubblici (Ministry of Public Works) and by the regional and provincial governments, from which the authority must select a person who meets the conditions stated and who has been qualified for at least 10 years — in the case of structural works or works with a value equal to or in excess of five million euros — or for at least five years — in the case of works with a the value of below one million euros.
Naročnik določi strokovnjaka(-e), ki izpolnjuje(-jo) zahtevane pogoje in ima(-jo) diplomo vsaj deset let – za gradnje, katerih vrednost je enaka ali vi�ja od 5.000.000 EUR, ali gradnje, ki obsegajo strukturna dela – ali vsaj pet let – za gradnje, katerih vrednost je nižja od 1.000.000 EUR; za te strokovnjake veljajo različne prepovedi.
In addition, the contracting authority must make that person subject to a number of restrictions.
Če seznam ne obstaja, lahko naročnik na podlagi diskrecijske pravice zadevne naloge dodeli kateri koli osebi, ki izpolnjuje predvidene pogoje.
Privately financed works
Členi 37a, 37b in 37c zakona �t.
Article 37b sets out the procedure for selection of the promoter.
Člen 37b opisuje postopek izbire promotorja.
First, the proposals are evaluated, having regard to the construction, the planning, the environment, the quality of the design, its functional nature, its objective, its accessibility to users, the return, the management and maintenance costs, the duration of the concession, the timelimits for carrying out the works, the charges and the method for updating them, and the economic value of the plans.
Prvič, predlogi se ocenijo z različnih vidikov: gradnja, urbanizem, okolje, kakovost projekta, funkcionalnost, namembnost, dostopnost javnosti, donosnost, stro�ki upravljanja in vzdrževanja, trajanje koncesije, roki za izvedbo del, veljavne takse, način revizije taks in ekonomska vrednost načrtov.
Having established that no factors exist which would preclude the execution of the works and after hearing representations from any promoters who so request, it is decided whether any of the proposals is in the public interest, in which case Article 37c(1) provides for a restricted procedure to obtain two further offers.
Potem ko se naročnik prepriča, da nič ne preprečuje izvedbe predloga, in zasli�i promotorja, če ta to želi, izbere predlog, ki se mu zdi v javnem interesu; v tem primeru v skladu s členom 37c(1) izvede omejeni postopek, da pridobi �e dve ponudbi.
The concession is awarded under a negotiated procedure in which the promoter’s proposal competes with the other two proposals, subject to the special rule, laid down at the end of Article 37c, that the award may be made to the promoter who, during the course of the procedure, adapts his proposal to the amendments suggested by the contracting authority .
Koncesija se dodeli s postopkom s pogajanji, med katerim se preučijo promotorjev predlog in �e dve drugi ponudbi, pri čemer se na podlagi člena 37b in fine naročilo dodeli promotorju, ki svoj predlog med postopkom prilagodi spremembam, ki jih zahteva naročnik.
III — The prelitigation procedure
III – Predhodni postopek
IV — The procedure before the Court
IV – Postopek pred Sodiščem
After receiving a number of complaints regarding the effects of Law No 109/94 and obtaining details of the proposed amendments to that Law, on 12 April 2002 the Commission wrote to the Italian authorities stating that a number of provisions were incompatible with Community law.
Komisija je, potem ko je prejela več pritožb v zvezi z učinki zakona �t. 109/94 in se seznanila z osnutkom spremembe tega zakona, 12. aprila 2002 pisala italijanskim organom in navedla, da nekatere določbe tega zakona niso združljive s pravom Skupnosti.
In a letter dated 17 June 2002 and at a meeting held in Rome on 23 July 2002, Italy indicated its willingness to amend Law No 109/94 in the manner requested.
Italijanska republika je v dopisu z dne 17. junija 2002 in na sestanku v Rimu 23. julija istega leta izjavila, da je pripravljena ustrezno spremeniti zakon �t. 109/94.
The Commission also claims that the defendant must be ordered to pay the costs.
Komisija tudi predlaga, naj se Italijanski republiki naloži plačilo stro�kov.
Following the adoption of the amendments under Law No 166/2002, the Commission took the view that certain provisions of that Law conflicted with Community law and, on 19 December 2002, the Commission sent a letter of formal notice.
Tožena stranka je v odgovoru na tožbo, vloženem 16. decembra 2004, pozvala Komisijo, naj odstopi od tožbe, ter podredno predlagala Sodi�ču, naj ugotovi skladnost sprememb italijanske zakonodaje, kritizirane v obrazloženem mnenju, in zavrne očitke, ki se nana�ajo na „člen 2(5) zakona �t. 109/94“.
By order of 6 April 2004, the President of the Court granted leave for the Netherlands (which submitted a statement in intervention on 14 July 2005) and Finland (which submitted a statement in intervention on 18 July 2005) to intervene in support of Italy, 12 which lodged a response to the statements in intervention on 14 September 2005.
Obstajajo �tevilne mogoče kombinacije glede na vsebino obveznosti 14, saj se lahko zgodi, da pravni posel vsebuje več teh, da obstaja več predmetov in da v tem primeru vsak zajema različne storitve.
On conclusion of the written stage of the proceedings, since none of the parties requested a hearing, the case became ready for the preparation of this Opinion on 11 July 2006.
Glavna težava je opredeliti določbe, ki se uporabljajo in od katerih so odvisni določeni učinki, kot je uporaba strožjega postopka ali izključitev nekaterih ponudnikov.
The main difficulty lies in selecting the relevant provisions, which give rise to certain effects such as the application of more rigorous procedures or the exclusion of certain tenderers.
Po zaključku pisnega postopka ni nobena stranka zahtevala predstavitve ustnih stali�č in 11. julija 2006 je bila zadeva primerna za pripravo teh sklepnih predlogov.
V — Mixed contracts
V – Mešana naročila
The selection may be based on the combination criterion, by using provisions from different sources in different parts of the same contract, on the absorption crite-
Ta opredelitev se lahko opravi na podlagi merila kombinacije, tako da se določbe različnega izvora uporabijo za elemente istega naročila, ali na podlagi merila absorp-
456, the standard contract, as an expression of intention, is used ‘for a more specific description of certain kinds of legal relationship, in particular those concerning individual rights and compulsory contractual relationships’.
456, meni, da se vrsta kot način mi�ljenja uporablja „za natančnej�e označevanje nekaterih vrst pravnih razmerij ter posebej nekaterih vrst subjektivnih pravic in pogodbenih obligacijskih razmerij“.
36, state that such contracts provide examples of rich and complex casuistry.
36, poudarjata, da te pogodbe ponujajo bogate in zapletene primere.
15 installation operations, is governed by Directive 93/36. 17
– cije, tako da se upo�teva ureditev naročila, katerega del je prevladujoči element.
— A contract which covers services and includes ancillary works is governed by Directive 92/50. 18
– javno naročilo, katerega predmet so storitve, vključuje pa tudi dodatna dela, pokriva Direktiva 92/50 18;
The first criterion emphasises the specific nature of each type but the extensive practical difficulties it entails mean that it is not normally used, except, for example, in contracts which, behind a unitary structural appearance, combine a number of different contractual types.
Prvo merilo poudarja posebnost vsake vrste, vendar se ob upo�tevanju hudih težav, ki jih prina�a, običajno ne uporablja, razen na primer za naročila, ki pod formalnim enotnim videzom vsebujejo več različnih pogodbenih vrst.
— A contract which covers a public works concession must comply with the advertising rules specifically laid down in Directive 93/37. 19
– javno naročilo, katerega predmet je koncesija za javne gradnje, pokrivajo posebni predpisi o ogla�evanju, navedeni v Direktivi 93/37 19.
The second criterion is generally used in more complex situations, such as the ones which are specifically referred to in the Directives and are based on the object of the contract:
Drugo merilo se običajno uporablja v bolj zapletenih položajih, kakr�ni so izrecno predvideni v direktivah in temeljijo na predmetu naročila:
21 services where the value of the services exceeds that of the products is governed by Directive 92/50. 16 contracts
Poleg tega Direktiva 92/50 določa, da če isto naročilo vključuje storitve iz Priloge II A in Priloge II B, vrednost teh storitev določa pravila za oddajo naročila, ki se uporabijo 20(člen 10) 21.
(Article 10).
Direktiva 93/38 vsebuje podobno določbo (člen 17).
17 — Second subparagraph of Article 1(2)(c) of Directive 2004/18.18 — Third subparagraph of Article 1(2)(d) of Directive 2004/18.
17 – Člen 1(2)(c), drugi pododstavek, Direktive 2004/18.18 – Člen 1(2)(d), tretji pododstavek, Direktive 2004/18.19 – Člen 1(3) in naslov 3 (členi od 56 do 65) Direktive 2004/18.
19 — Article 1(3) and Title III (Articles 56 to 65) of Directive 2004/18.
javno naročilo, katerega predmet so skupaj proizvodi in storitve, pokriva Direktiva 92/50, če vrednost zadevnih storitev presega vrednost tistih proizvodov, ki so zajeti v naročilu 16;
— A contract which covers products, where the supply of those products entails, as an incidental matter, siting and
20 – Generalni pravobranilec Mischo je v točkah od 31 do 36 sklepnih predlogov v zadevi Felix Swoboda (sodba z dne 14. novembra 2002, C-411/00, Recueil, str.
20 — In points 31 to 36 of the Opinion in Case C-411/00 Felix Swoboda [2002] ECR I-10567, Advocate General Mischo outlines the differences between that approach, where provisions within the Directive itself are selected, and the previous approaches, which involved stating the applicable Directive.
I-10567) razlikoval med tem primerom, v katerem so določbe, ki se uporabljajo, opredeljene v sami direktivi, in prej�njimi primeri, v katerih je navedena prav zadevna direktiva.
In the judgment in that case, the Court pointed out that Directive 92/50 supplies an unequivocal test for the determination of the regime applicable to a contract composed of several services, based on their value (paragraph 52), and dismissed the view that regard should be had to the main object of the contract (paragraph 49).
Sodi�če je z istega vidika v sodbi poudarilo, da Direktiva 92/50 „ponuja enopomensko merilo za opredelitev ureditve, ki se uporablja za naročilo, sestavljeno iz različnih storitev“, ki temelji na njihovi vrednosti (točka 52), in zavrnilo, da bi se oprlo na „glavni predmet naročila“ (točka 49).
16 — Second subparagraph of Article 1(2)(d) of Directive 2004/18.
16 – Člen 1(2)(d), drugi pododstavek, Direktive 2004/18.
21 — Article 22 of Directive 2004/18.
21 – Člen 22 Direktive 2004/18.
However, the alternatives referred to do not exhaust all the possibilities so that, in the light of the lacunae in the Directives, which, moreover, do not set out a common framework for all contracts, 22 the legislatures of the Member States must adopt provisions applicable to the other types of mixed contracts, for which purpose they have a wide margin of discretion, subject to the Directives and the Treaty.
Vendar te različne možnosti ne izčrpajo vseh predvidenih možnosti, tako da mora nacionalni zakonodajalec zaradi pomanjkljivosti direktiv, ki ne določajo niti skupnega okvira za vsa javna naročila 22, natančneje določiti ureditev drugih vrst me�anih naročil, za kar razpolaga s �iroko diskrecijsko pravico, ki jo omejujejo direktive in Pogodba.
treat those works as the main object of the contract when they were incidental in nature, although that was a factor which must be determined by the national court (paragraphs 26 to 29).
blaga in izvedbo gradnje 25, razsodilo, da ni treba dati prednosti tej gradnji, kadar ima dodaten značaj, čeprav bi nacionalno sodi�če moralo presoditi to okoli�čino (točke od 26 do 29).
That judgment must be qualified, however, because the classification of operations or works as ancillary (sixteenth recital in the preamble to Directive 92/50 and Article 1(a), in fine, of Directive 93/36) does not convert that quality into the one that defines the system.
Vseeno je treba to stali�če popraviti, saj ureditev, ki se uporablja, ni odvisna od opredelitve gradnje ali del kot „dodat- nih“ [uvodna izjava 16 Direktive 92/50 in člen 1(a) in fine Direktive 93/36].
Accordingly, the judgment must be construed as meaning that ancillary contractual obligations may not be used to identify the applicable provisions, which must be determined in accordance with the prevalence criterion. 26
Zato je treba to sodbo razumeti tako, da dodatne obveznosti ne morejo določati predpisov, ki se uporabijo in jih je treba opredeliti na podlagi merila prevlade. 26
It is important to point out that the Directives are founded on the concept of the main object of the contract, and, where there is more than one object or a number of activities are combined, on the object or activity with the highest financial value.
Treba je poudariti, da direktive temeljijo na glavnem predmetu naročila, in kadar je ta predmet sestavljen iz več elementov ali vključuje več storitev, na tistih, katerih vrednost je najvi�ja.
It is possible to determine the material scope of the Directives by taking both those factors into account.
Z uporabo teh dveh meril je mogoče opredeliti stvarno področje uporabe direktiv.
The main object of the contract is framed as the essential element around which the contract is centred.
Glavni predmet je namreč osrednji element, ki ga določa pogodba.
23Thus, in Gestión Hotelera Internacional, 24in relation
23Sodi�če je tako v sodbi z dne 19. aprila 1994 v zadevi Gestión Hotelera Internacional 24, ko je preu-