natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
However, those rules may be compatible with that provision provided that they do not go beyond what is necessary to attain
Vendar pa je taka zakonodaja združljiva s to določbo, kadar ne presega tega, kar je potrebno za uresničitev cilja varstva otrok,
(see paras 29, 32, 35, 42, 47, 48, operative part)
(Glej točke 29, 32, 35, 42, 47, 48 in izrek.)
MENGOZZIdelivered on 13 September 2007
1 predstavljeni 13. septembra 2007
I — Introduction not been examined and classified by the competent German authority for the purpose of protecting young persons.
I – Uvod nosilcev slike, ki niso bili predmet preizkusa in razvrstitve pristojnih nem�kih organov z namenom varstva mladoletnikov.
The reference for a preliminary ruling turns on the interpretation of Articles 28 EC and 30 EC and of the provisions of Directive 2000/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2000 on certain legal aspects of information society services, in particular electronic commerce, in the internal market (‘the directive on electronic commerce’). 2
Ta predlog za sprejetje predhodne odločbe se nana�a na razlago členov 28 ES in 30 ES ter določb Direktive 2000/31/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 8. junija 2000 o nekaterih pravnih vidikih storitev informacijske družbe, zlasti elektronskega poslovanja na notranjem trgu (Direktiva o elektronskem poslovanju). 2
Paragraph 1(4) of the Jugendschutzgesetz (Law on the protection of young persons; the ‘JuSchG’) of 23 July 2002 3defines ‘sale by mail order’ for the purposes of that Law as ‘any transaction for consideration carried out by means of the ordering and dispatch of a product by postal or electronic means without personal contact between the supplier and the purchaser or without technical or other safeguards to ensure that the product is not dispatched to children or adolescents’. 4
V členu 1(4) Jugendschutzgesetz (zakon o varstvu mladoletnikov; v nadaljevanju: JuSchG) z dne 23. julija 2002 3je za namene tega zakona „prodaja po po�ti“ opredeljena kot „vsak odplačni posel, opravljen z naročilom in dobavo blaga po po�ti ali elektronsko brez osebnega stika med dobaviteljem in kupcem ali brez zagotovila, da bo s tehničnimi ali drugačnimi re�itvami preprečeno, da bi bila po�iljka izročena otrokom ali mladostnikom“. 4
Paragraph 12(1) of the JuSchG provides that prerecorded video cassettes and other image storage media may be made publicly accessible to a child or adolescent only if the programmes have been authorised for that person’s age range and labelled by the highest authority of the Land or a voluntary selfregulation body under the procedure described in Paragraph 14(6) of the JuSchG or if they are information, educational or training programmes labelled by the supplier as ‘information programmes’ or ‘educational programmes’.
V členu 12(1) JuSchG je določeno, da so posnete videokasete in drugi nosilci slike lahko javno dostopni otrokom ali mladostnikom le, če je bila njihova vsebina opredeljena kot primerna za njihovo starost in če so jih v tem smislu označili vrhovni deželni organi ali organizacija prostovoljnega samourejanja v okviru postopka iz člena 14(6) JuSchG ali če gre za informativni, vzgojni ali izobraževalni program, ki ga je dobavitelj označil kot „informativni program“ ali „vzgojno-izobraževalni program“.
III — Facts, the questions referred and course of the proceedings
III – Dejansko stanje, vprašanje za predhodno odločanje in postopek
Avides, a business established in Germany, sells audio and video media by mail order via its internet site and an electronic trading platform.
Družba Avides, gospodarski subjekt s sedežem v Nemčiji, trži nosilce zvoka in slike po po�ti na svoji spletni strani in s tehnologijo, ki podpira elektronsko trgovino.
Paragraph 12(3) of the JuSchG provides that ‘image storage media which have not been labelled or have been labelled “Not suitable for young persons” under Paragraph 14(2) by the highest authority of the Land or by a voluntary selfregulation body under the procedure described in Paragraph 14(6), or which have not been labelled by the supplier in accordance with Paragraph 14(7), may not:
V členu 12(3) JuSchG je določeno, da „nosilci slike, ki niso označeni ali ki so jih z navedbo ‚mladoletnikom prepovedano‘ v skladu s členom 14(2) označili vrhovni deželni organi ali organizacija prostovoljnega samourejanja v okviru postopka iz čle -na 14(6) ali ki jih je v skladu s členom 14(7) označil dobavitelj, ne smejo:
be offered, transferred or otherwise made accessible to a child or adolescent;
biti ponujeni, prodani ali kakor koli dostopni otroku ali mladostniku,
The case in the main proceedings relates to that company’s sale by mail order in Germany of image storage media (DVDs or video cassettes) imported from the United Kingdom and containing Japanese animated cartoons known as ‘Anime’.
Postopek v glavni stvari se nana�a na njeno prodajo po po�ti nosilcev slike (DVDjev ali videokaset) z japonskimi risanimi filmi, imenovanimi „anime“, uvoženimi iz Združenega kraljestva, v Nemčiji.
Before being imported, these programmes were examined by the British Board of Film Classification (‘BBFC’).
Pred uvozom je vsebine teh filmov preizkusila British Board of Film Classification (britanska komisija za razvrstitev filmov; v nadaljevanju: BBFC).
Under the rules on the protection of young persons in force in the United Kingdom, that authority checked the
Navedeni organ je ob upo�tevanju v Združenem kraljestvu veljavnih določb o varstvu mladoletnikov preveril, za katero občinstvo so zadevne vsebine primerne, in jih uvrstil
be offered or transferred in retail trade outside of commercial premises, in kiosks or in other sales outlets which
biti ponujani ali prodajani v trgovini na drobno zunaj trgovskih prostorov, v
DYNAMIC MEDIEN audience which they target and classified them in the category ‘Suitable only for 15 years and over’.
DYNAMIC MEDIEN nilo odločanje v postopku in Sodi�ču v predhodno odločanje predložilo to vpra�anje: v skupino „prepovedano osebam, mlaj�im od petnajst let“.
The image storage media in question bear a BBFC label to that effect.
Zadevni nosilci slike so temu ustrezno opremljeni z oznako BBFC.
‘Does the principle of the free movement of goods within the meaning of Article 28 EC preclude a provision of German law prohibiting the sale by mail order of image storage media (DVDs, videos) that are not labelled as having been examined in Germany as to their suitability for young persons?
„Ali načelo prostega pretoka blaga nasprotu -je – v smislu člena 28 ES – nem�ki ureditvi, ki prepoveduje prodajo po po�ti tistih nosilcev slike (DVD-jev, videokaset), ki nimajo oznake o tem, da so bili glede primernosti za mladoletnike preverjeni v Nemčiji?
Dynamic Medien, a competitor of Avides, seeks an order from the Landgericht (Regional Court) Koblenz to prohibit Avides from selling the image storage media in question by mail order on the ground that they have not been examined and classified in Germany under the relevant domestic rules and bear no minimum age indication corresponding to a classification decision adopted by a competent German authority.
Družbi Avides konkurenčna družba Dynamic Medien je pri Landgericht Koblenz (prvostopenjsko sodi�če v Koblenzu) predlagala, naj se prepove prodaja zadevnih nosilcev slike po po�ti, ker ti niso bili predmet preizkusa in razvrstitve v Nemčiji v skladu z upo�tevno nacionalno zakonodajo in niso opremljeni z nobeno oznako glede starostne omejitve, ki bi ustrezala sklepu o razvrstitvi pristojnega nem�kega organa.
Does the prohibition of mail order sales of such image storage media constitute a measure having equivalent effect within the meaning of Article 28 EC?
Ali je treba prepoved trženja teh nosilcev slike po po�ti �teti za ukrep z enakim učinkom v smislu člena 28 ES?
In proceedings for an interim order, the Oberlandesgericht (Higher Regional Court) Koblenz held that the sale of image storage media by mail order bearing only the minimum age indication set by the BBFC contravened Paragraph 12(3) of the JuSchG and constituted anticompetitive conduct.
V okviru postopka za izdajo začasne odredbe je Oberlandesgericht Koblenz (pritožbeno sodi�če v Koblenzu) ugotovilo, da je prodaja po po�ti nosilcev slike, opremljenih le z oznako BBFC o starostni omejitvi, v nasprotju z določbo člena 12(3) JuSchG in da pomeni protikonkurenčno ravnanje.
Pursuant to Article 23 of the Statute of the Court of Justice, written observations were submitted by Avides, the German Government, Ireland, the United Kingdom Government and the Commission.
Družba Avides, nem�ka in irska vlada ter vlada Združenega kraljestva in Komisija so v skladu s členom 23 Statuta Sodi�ču predložile pisne izjave.
Nor is it disputed that it applies both to suppliers established in Germany, such as Avides, and to suppliers established in other States.
Ugotovljeno je tudi, da se uporablja tako za dobavitelje s sedežem v Nemčiji, med katere sodi družba Avides, kot za dobavitelje s sedežem v drugih državah.
This latter fact is important, primarily because, for the purposes of the present case, in replying to the question from the Landgericht Koblenz it is necessary to consider that prohibition only in so far as it applies to a business established in Germany and not in so far as it is applicable to a business established in another Member State. 6
To pojasnilo je pomembno predvsem zato, ker je treba za namene postopka v glavni stvari na vpra�anje za predhodno odločanje Landgericht Koblenz odgovoriti ob upo�tevanju navedene prepovedi le, v delu, v katerem se ta uporablja za gospodarski subjekt s sedežem v Nemčiji, in ne tudi v delu, v katerem se uporablja za gospodarski subjekt s sedežem v drugi državi članici. 6
The representatives of those parties and those of Dynamic Medien presented oral argument at the hearing on 2 May 2007.
Zastopniki navedenih strank in družbe Dynamic Medien so na obravnavi 2. maja 2007 predstavili ustna stali�ča.
It must also be borne in mind that the prohibition forms part of a wider set of rules contained in the JuSchG aimed at protecting young persons in the media sector, especially in the context of the specific rules laid down in Paragraph 12 of the JuSchG for that purpose with reference to image storage media containing films or games.
Poleg tega je treba upo�tevati, da sodi zadevna prepoved v okvir �ir�e ureditve, določene z JuSchG, sprejete za varstvo mladoletnikov na področju medijev, in, natančneje, v okvir posebne ureditve, ki je s tem namenom določena v členu 12 JuSchG za nosilce slike, ki vsebujejo filme ali igre.
A — The German legislation in question
A – Preučitev zadevne nemške ureditve
It is apparent from those specific rules that, in essence, image storage media — with the exception of those containing information programmes or educational programmes and labelled as such by the supplier — may not, if labelled ‘Not suitable for young persons’ by the competent German authority or bearing no label from that authority because it has not examined them, be made accessible to children
Iz te posebne ureditve v bistvu izhaja, da navedeni nosilci slike – z izjemo tistih, ki vsebujejo informativne ali vzgojno-izobra-ževalne vsebine in ki jih je kot take označil dobavitelj –, če so opremljeni z navedbo „prepovedano mladoletnikom“ pristojnega nem�kega organa ali če niso opremljeni z oznako tega organa, ker jih ta ni preizkusil,
6 — The present case nevertheless undoubtedly falls within the scope of Community law, in so far as it relates to the sale in Germany of products from the United Kingdom.
6 – Obravnavani primer vsekakor sodi na področje uporabe prava Skupnosti, ker se nana�a na prodajo proizvodov iz Združenega kraljestva v Nemčiji.
The court of reference focuses on the prohibition, under Paragraph 12(3)(2) of the JuSchG, of the sale by mail order of image storage media not labelled as having been examined and classified for the purpose of protecting young persons by the highest authority of the Land or a voluntary selfregulation body (the ‘competent German authority’).
Pozornost predložitvenega sodi�ča je osredotočena na prepoved, določeno v čle -nu 12(3), točka 2, JuSchG, prodaje po po�ti nosilcev slike, ki nimajo oznake o tem, da so jih z namenom varstva mladoletnikov preizkusili in razvrstili vrhovni deželni organi ali organizacija prostovoljnega samourejanja (v nadaljevanju: pristojni nem�ki organ).
It is common ground that such a prohibition applies to sales effected both by post and electronically via the internet (order and/or delivery made by post and/or via the internet).
Ni sporno, da se ta prepoved nana�a na prodajo tako po po�ti kot po elektronski poti po internetu (naročilo in/ali dobava, opravljena po po�ti in/ali po internetu).
DYNAMIC MEDIEN measures are taken to ensure that it is an adult who both orders and takes delivery of the product (‘protected’ mail order).
DYNAMIC MEDIEN bo naročila in prejela odrasla oseba („za�čitena“ prodaja po po�ti).
and adolescents nor be sold using certain methods (retail sales outside of commercial premises, in sales outlets which customers do not usually enter, or by mail order) whereby children and adolescents cannot be prevented from coming into contact with or gaining access to such image storage media.
ne smejo biti dostopni otrokom in mladostnikom ali kakor koli trženi na tak način (prodaja na drobno zunaj trgovskih prostorov na prodajnih mestih, v katerih prostore stranke običajno ne vstopajo; prodaja po po�ti), s katerim ni mogoče zagotoviti, da bi bil otrokom in mladostnikom preprečen stik ali dostop do navedenih nosilcev slike.
On the basis of this clarification from the German Government, it would seem possible to deduce that the examination and classification of image storage media by the competent German authority are not a true obligation imposed on suppliers but simply a duty, compliance with which removes the marketing restrictions under Paragraph 12(3) of the JuSchG for image storage media not examined by that authority, in particular exempting a supplier who wishes to sell such goods by mail order from the need to adopt measures that will render the mail order ‘protected’. 7
Na podlagi tega pojasnila nem�ke vlade bi lahko sklepali, da preizkus in razvrstitev nosilcev slike, ki ju opravi pristojni nem�ki organ, nista predmet prave in dejanske obveznosti dobaviteljev, ampak zgolj pogoj, katerega izpolnitev jim omogoča, da se za nosilce slike, ki jih tržijo, ne uporabljajo omejitve iz člena 12(3) JuSchG, določene za nosilce slike, ki jih navedeni organ ni preizkusil, in da jim za trženje tega blaga po po�ti ni treba uporabiti postopkov „za�čitene“ prodaje po po�ti. 7
Hence the domestic rules in question entail neither an obligation to submit imported image storage media to a domestic examination and classification procedure and to label them in accordance with that
V zadevni nacionalni ureditvi torej za dobavitelje ni določena niti obveznost, da uvožene nosilce slike predložijo nacionalnemu organu, ki opravi postopek preizkusa in razvrstitve posnetih vsebin ter označevanja nosilcev glede na to razvrstitev, niti
7 — Moreover, I cannot deduce from the text of the JuSchG available on the website of the Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend (Federal Ministry of the Family, Senior Citizens, Women and Young Persons), in particular from Paragraph 14 on ‘Labelling of films and film and game programmes’, that there is an obligation to submit image storage media for sale in Germany to examination and classification by the competent German authority.
7 – Tudi iz besedila JuSchG, objavljenega na spletnih straneh Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend (nem�ko ministrstvo za družino, starostnike, ženske in mladino), zlasti iz člena 14, ki se nana�a na „označevanje filmov, filmskih programov in iger“, nisem razbral, da bi bili ponudniki nosilcev slike, namenjenih prodaji v Nemčiji, te proizvode za namene preizkusa in razvrstitve dolžni predložiti pristojnemu nem�kemu organu.
In addition, Paragraphs 27 and 28 of the JuSchG, which lay down penalties for infringements of the provisions of the JuSchG, impose no penalty for the failure to submit an image storage medium to examination by the competent German authority.
Poleg tega s členoma 27 in 28 JuSchG, v katerih so določene kazni za kr�itev določb JuSchG, ni določena nobena sankcija za subjekte, ki nosilca slike ne bi predložili pristojnemu nem�kemu organu za potrebe preizkusa in razvrstitve tega proizvoda.
The prohibition of mail order sales under Paragraph 12(3)(2) of the JuSchG is therefore part of a regulatory system designed to prevent children and adolescents from coming into contact with or gaining access to image storage media that have not been examined by the competent German authority or which that authority has classified as ‘Not suitable for young persons’.
Prepoved prodaje po po�ti iz člena 12(3), točka 2, JuSchG sodi torej v sistem predpisov, namenjenih preprečevanju tega, da bi otroci in mladostniki pri�li v stik ali imeli dostop do nosilcev slike, ki jih ni preizkusil pristojni nem�ki organ ali ki jih je ta označil za „prepovedane mladoletnikom“.
This is confirmed by the fact, emphasised by the German Government, that that prohibition is not absolute, since as can be seen from Paragraph 1(4) of the JuSchG, it relates only to transactions by post or electronic means without personal contact between the provider and the purchaser or without safeguards to ensure that the product is not delivered to children or adolescents.
Tak sklep potrjuje dejstvo, ki ga je odločno poudarila nem�ka vlada, da zadevna prepoved ni absolutna, saj se – kot izhaja iz člena 1(4) JuSchG – nana�a le na prodajne posle, sklenjene po po�ti ali elektronsko, brez osebnega stika med dobaviteljem in kupcem ali brez zagotovila, da blago ne bo izročeno otrokom ali mladostnikom.
The German Government has stated that image storage media not examined by the competent German authority or which that authority has classified as ‘Not suitable for young persons’ may also be sold legally by mail order in Germany if appropriate
Nem�ka vlada je pojasnila, da so lahko tudi nosilci slike, ki jih pristojni nem�ki organ ni preizkusil ali ki jih je označil za „prepovedane mladoletnikom“, v Nemčiji zakonito trženi po po�ti, če je ustrezno zagotovljeno, da jih
Community level must be assessed in the light of the provisions of the harmonising measure and not those of primary law, in particular Articles 28 EC and 30 EC.
MENGOZZIJA – ZADEVA C-244/06 preučiti glede na določbe usklajevalnega ukrepa in ne glede na določbe primarnega prava, med katere sodita člena 28 ES in 30 ES.
8 classification, nor a prohibition of the sale of imported image storage media not submitted to that procedure and labelling, nor an absolute ban on their sale by mail order.
8 prepoved prodaje uvoženih nosilcev slike, ki niso bili predmet navedenega postopka in označevanja, niti absolutna prepoved njihovega trženja po po�ti.
In the context of the present reference for a preliminary ruling, mention has been made of Directive 2000/31 and Directive 97/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 1997 on the protection of consumers in respect of distance contracts 9as Community harmonisation measures that may be relevant.
V tem postopku za predhodno odločanje so se stranke sklicevale na dva morebitno upo�tevna usklajevalna ukrepa Skupnosti, in sicer na Direktivo 2000/31 in na Direktivo 97/7/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 20. maja 1997 o varstvu potro�nikov glede sklepanja pogodb pri prodaji na daljavo. 9
However, it remains a fact that Paragraph 12(3) of the JuSchG imposes, for image storage media not submitted to the national examination and classification procedure, whether imported or not, a relative prohibition on the provision of the goods, in other words one applying to a particular category of potential purchasers (young persons), coupled with a prohibition of their sale outside of commercial premises and in sales outlets which customers do not usually enter, and makes mail order sales subject to restrict ive conditions designed to prevent young persons from purchasing such goods.
Kljub temu pa je v členu 12(3) JuSchG v zvezi z nosilci slike, ki niso bili predmet nacionalnega postopka preizkusa in razvrstitve, in sicer ne glede na to, ali so ti uvoženi ali ne, v bistvu določena prepoved dostopa do navedenih nosilcev za določeno skupino potencialnih kupcev (mladoletnikov), skupaj s prepovedjo prodaje tega blaga zunaj trgovskih prostorov na prodajnih mestih, v katerih prostore kupci običajno ne vstopajo, ter obveznostjo, da se prodaja po po�ti izvaja le pod omejitvenimi pogoji, katerih namen je preprečiti, da bi bili kupci mladoletniki.
B — The potential relevance of Community harmonisation measures
B – Morebitna upoštevnost usklajevalnih ukrepov Skupnosti
As regards Directive 2000/31, I would point out first of all that it seeks to contribute to the proper functioning of the internal market by creating, as far as electronic commerce is concerned, a legal framework to ensure the free movement of information society services between Member States.
Glede Direktive 2000/31 naj predhodno spomnim, da je njen cilj prispevati k pravilnemu delovanju notranjega trga z oblikovanjem, pri elektronskem poslovanju, pravnega okvira za zagotovitev prostega pretoka storitev informacijske družbe med državami članicami.
As indicated in Article 1(2) of the directive, it approximates only ‘certain national provisions on information society services relating to the internal market, the establishment of service providers, commercial communications, electronic contracts, the liability of intermediaries, codes of conduct,
Kot je navedeno v členu 1(2) te direktive, ta usklajuje le „nekatere nacionalne določbe o storitvah informacijske družbe glede notranjega trga, sedeža ponudnikov storitev, komercialnih sporočil, elektronskih pogodb, odgovornosti posrednikov, kodeksov ravnanja, izvensodnih poravnav sporov,
As pointed out by the Commission, it must first be remembered that a national measure in a sphere which has been the subject of exhaustive harmonisation at
Kot opozarja Komisija, naj spomnim predvsem, da je treba kakr�en koli nacionalni ukrep, sprejet na področju, ki je bilo predmet izčrpnega usklajevanja na ravni Skupnosti,
DYNAMIC MEDIEN out-of-court dispute settlements, court actions and cooperation between Member States’. 10
DYNAMIC MEDIEN sodnega varstva in sodelovanja med državami članicami“. 10
The court of reference and the German and United Kingdom Governments have pointed out that Directive 2000/31 expressly leaves scope for the national authorities to take steps to protect young persons.
Predložitveno sodi�če, nem�ka vlada in vlada Združenega kraljestva so poudarili, da Direktiva 2000/31 izrecno dopu�ča poseganje nacionalnih organov z namenom varovanja mladoletnikov.
They have noted that, under the first indent of Article 3(4)(a)(i) thereof, the Member States may take measures necessary for reasons of ‘public policy’, in particular the ‘protection of minors’, with regard to a particular information society service, such as the sale of goods via the internet.
Navedli so, da lahko države članice na podlagi člena 3(4)(a)(i), prva alinea, te direktive sprejmejo omejevalne ukrepe, potrebne zaradi „javnega reda“, zlasti „varstva mladoletnikov“, v zvezi z določenimi storitvami informacijske družbe, med katere sodi tudi internetna prodaja blaga.
I observe, however, that the reference to Article 3(4) of Directive 2000/31 is irrelevant in the present case.
Vendar, tudi če bi sprejeli izhodi�če, da je internetna prodaja blaga „storitev informacijske družbe“ v smislu zadevne direktive 11