natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Between 2005 and 2007 the value of the fresh products covered by the Common Market Organisation (CMO) fell by 50% and the quantities marketed by 60%.
V Španiji, Franciji in na Nizozemskem je vsa proizvodnja namenjena prehrani ljudi.
In 2006, five Member States (Denmark, Spain, France, the UK and the Netherlands) accounted for 60% of Community production.
Vrednost ulova in zaposlenost v ribiškem sektorju jasno odsevata takšne razmere.
There are major structural dierences between these five countries.
Vrednost na enoto je na primer pri iztovarjanjih v Španiji sedemkrat večja kot pri iztovarjanjih na Danskem.
Sixty-nine per cent of Danish production and 6% of UK production is destined for industrial use, mainly for the manufacture of fish meal.
Poleg tega pa na gospodarske rezultate ribiškega sektorja vpliva tudi povečanje stroškov, povezano z dvigom cen goriva in razvojem trga.
In Spain, France and the Netherlands, 100% of production is destined for human consumption.
Nanj med drugim vplivajo tudi uvoz iz tretjih držav, koncentracija distribucije in znižanje kupne moči potrošnikov.
This situation is fully reected in the value of catches and employment in the fisheries sector.
Kriza v ribiškem sektorju se širi presenetljivo hitro in ima vse večji obseg.
For example, the unit value of landings in Spain is seven times higher than that of landings in Denmark.
Od leta 2005 do leta 2007 se je vrednost svežih proizvodov, ki jih je pokrivala skupna ureditev trga, znižala za 50 %, količine proizvodov na trgu pa za 60 %.
Following a period of sustained growth, world catches appear to have hit a ceiling of 145 million tonnes.
Svetovni ulov je po obdobju nenehne rasti sedaj očitno dosegel mejo pri 145 milijonih ton.
In the early 1990s, European Union catches represented 7% of world
Na začetku 90-ih let je ulov EU predstavljal 7 % svetovnega ribolova, s čimer je bila Evropska unija tretja največja svetovna proizvajalka za Kitajsko in Perujem. Med letoma 1992 in 2006 se je evropska proizvodnja
The decline in the total production of fisheries products follows the downward trend in catches, and aquaculture is unable to
Kljub temu ribogojna proizvodnja od takrat stagnira, ulov pa se še vedno zmanjšuje.
REGIONAL DEPENDENCY ON FISHERIES
GOSPODARSKA ODVISNOST REGIJ OD RIBIŠTVA
11 compensate for this reduction.
11 ribogojne vrste.
2002 is a reference year, since it marked the adoption of the last CFP reform and the strategy for the sustainable development of European aquaculture.
Prav porazdelitev vrst pojasnjuje različne vrednosti ribogojne proizvodnje.
Since then, however, aquaculture production has stagnated and catches have continued to decline.
Francija proizvede 19 % ribogojne proizvodnje, Italija in Združeno kraljestvo 17 %, Grčija 12 % in Španija 10 %.
countries are responsible for 74% of the volume of Community aquaculture production – France, 20%; Spain, 17%; Italy, 14%; UK, 14%; Greece, 8%.
Evropska flota je zaradi različnih ribolovnih pogojev v vodah Skupnosti zelo raznolika.
In Spain, France and Italy bivalve molluscs (mussels, oysters and clams) account for the bulk of production, but species vary from country to country.
V Belgiji, na Nizozemskem in v Litvi prevladujejo velika plovila, v ribiškem ladjevju Portugalske, Cipra, Grčije, Bolgarije in Romunije pa prevladujejo manjša plovila.
The UK essentially focuses on salmon and trout, while Greece primarily processes other sea-sh species.
Vsekakor pa je tudi flota posameznih držav članic zelo raznolika.
France accounts for 19% of production value, Italy and the UK for 17%, Greece for 12% and Spain for 10%.
Leta 2006 je ribogojstvo s 1283 tonami predstavljalo 19 % skupne proizvodnje. Vrednost evropske ribogojne proizvodnje je dosegla tri milijarde eurov, od katerih so 46 % predstavljale sladkovodne ribe, 31 % mehkužci in raki ter 23 % morske ribe.
In 2006, aquaculture represented 19% of total production, with 1 283 tonnes.
Hkrati pa se povečuje proizvodnja vrst, kot so brancin, orada in veliki romb.
European aquaculture production was valued at € 3 billion, with freshwater fish accounting for 46% of this, crustaceans and molluscs for 31%, and sea fish for 23%.
74 % celotne ribogojne proizvodnje Skupnosti zagotavlja pet držav članic (Francija 20 %, Španija 17 %, Italija 14 %, Združeno kraljestvo 14 % in Grčija 8 %).
Community aquaculture focuses primarily on four species: mussels, trout, salmon and oysters.
V Španiji, Franciji in Italiji prevladujejo školjke (klapavice, ostrige in pokrovače), vendar se vrste razlikujejo od države do države.
However, production of species such as bass, sea bream and turbot is developing. Five
V Združenem kraljestvu gojijo predvsem lososa in postrv, v Grčiji pa večinoma druge morske
The European fishing fleet is very diverse as a result of the wide range of fishing conditions in Community waters.
Dosežki SRP glede obvladovanja čezmernih zmogljivosti ribiškega ladjevja so zelo majhni.
The results of the CFP have been poor in terms of controlling the fishing fleet’s overcapacity.
Čezmerna zmogljivost ribiške flote ima poleg posledic na ekonomsko uspešnost tudi politične učinke.
Fishing capacity depends, firstly, on the fishing gear used, but the EU employs only tonnage and power to manage the fleet.
Lahko je namreč vzrok političnega pritiska za povečevanje kvot onkraj znanstvenih priporočil.
Despite this, the fleet’s fishing capacity is increasing as a result of the replacement of small
Države članice dajejo pogosto prednost kratkoročnim pristopom in raje ohranjajo dejavnosti svojih flot,
12 boats by vessels of greater tonnage and power, and of technological advances.
12 kot da bi razmišljale o trajnostnem upravljanju ribištva.
In particular, it is at the root of political pressure to increase quotas beyond those scientically recommended.
Ko se zaradi zmanjševanja ulova znižuje donosnost, se pritiski povečujejo in tako je začarani krog sklenjen.
Fishing fleet distribution 2009
Porazdelitev ribiške flote 2009
COMMON FISHERIES POLICY been interlinked in an optimum way, and the hoped-for synergies have suffered.
SKUPNA RIBIŠKA POLITIKA znanstvenem mnenju in se odvija v regionalnih svetovalnih svetih, ki združujejo tudi ribiški sektor in nevladne organizacije.
The CFP was reformed in 2002 with a view to ensuring sustainable development of fishing activities from an environmental, economic and social perspective.
Z reformo iz leta 2002 so poskušali doseči tudi skladnost z evropsko politiko na področju okolja in razvoja.
The decision-making process was modified by basing it on scientific opinions and involving it more closely with the fisheries sector and with non-governmental organisations within regional advisory councils (RACs).
Kljub reformi pa ni opaziti izboljšanja na ravni potrebnih sinergij, na primer med upravljanjem flote in ohranjanjem živih virov.
In 1970 the EEC established equal access to Member State fishing zones for all fishermen, while reserving a coastal strip for the activities of local fishermen.
EGS je leta 1970 za vse ribiče vzpostavila enakost dostopa do ribolovnih območij držav članic, pri čemer je obalni pas ostal namenjen lokalnim ribičem.
It created Community market bases for fisheries products and a structural policy designed to modernise the fishing fleet and its infrastructure.
Oblikovala je temelje za trg Skupnosti ribiških proizvodov in strukturno politiko za posodobitev ribiške flote in infrastrukture.
In 1976, in line with international trends, the Member States extended their restricted zone for exploitation of marine resources from 12 to 200 miles.
Države članice so leta 1976 v skladu z mednarodnim razvojem razširile območje izkoriščanja morskih virov z 12 na 200 milj.
Even though Member States recognised the importance of transferring to the Community fisheries management and the task of representing them in international negotiations, the 1981 enlargement meant that the creation of the CFP was postponed until 1983.
Čeprav so države članice priznale potrebo po prenosu upravljanja ribištva in zastopanja v mednarodnih pogajanjih na Skupnost, je bila vzpostavitev SRP zaradi širitve leta 1981 prestavljena na leto 1983.
The CFP was initially closely linked to agricultural policy, and this is still the case in the Treaties.
SRP je bila na začetku tesno povezana s kmetijsko politiko in to se je ohranilo tudi v pogodbah.
However, the specific content that it has acquired in the course of successive reforms has differentiated it from the CAP.
Toda s poznejšimi reformami se je SRP ločila od SKP, saj je dobila posebno vsebino.
Since fish populations ignore national borders and are dependent on shared marine ecosystems, the CFP confers on the Community extensive competences as regards the management of natural marine resources.
Ker populacije rib ne poznajo nacionalnih meja in so odvisne od skupnih morskih ekosistemov, SRP prenaša razširjene pristojnosti glede upravljanja naravnih morskih virov na Skupnost.
The CFP possesses a panoply of instruments of very different kinds, but these instruments have not always
Združevanje teh instrumentov žal ni bilo vedno najboljše, saj je bilo v škodo želenim sinergijam.
Its main themes are as follows:
OHRANJANJE VIROV
The CFP provides for certain restrictions on access to waters and resources.
SRP predvideva določene omejitve dostopa do voda in virov.
For example, a restricted zone is in force until 2012, restricting access to the 12-mile zone to fishing vessels that traditionally fish in those waters.
Do leta 2012 na primer velja omejitev ribolova v pasu 12 milj v prid tradicionalnemu obalnemu ribolovu.
There are other examples of restricted access, such as the Shetland Box.
Obstajajo tudi drugi primeri omejevanja dostopa, na primer na območju Shetlandskih otokov.
The principle of relative stability, which governs access to resources and is based on the allocation to each Member State of a fixed percentage of catches for each stock, has been retained.
Ohranilo se je tudi načelo sorazmerne stabilnosti, ki ureja dostop do virov in temelji na tem, da se vsaki državi članici dodeli natančen delež ulova za vsak stalež.
The CFP is far from having achieved the results anticipated in terms of resource conservation.
SRP že zdaleč ni dosegla predvidenih rezultatov pri ohranjanju virov.
Thirty per cent of stocks are currently below biological safety limits, and in the case of 80% of stocks the sector’s yield is falling as a result of overfishing.
30 % staležev je trenutno pod varno biološko mejo. Zaradi pretiranega pritiska je donos ribolova pri 80 % staležev manjši.
The 2002 reform was aimed at gradually implementing fisheries management based on ecosystems.
Cilj reforme iz leta 2002 je bila postopna vzpostavitev upravljanja ribolova, ki bi temeljilo na ekosistemih.
It adopted a longterm vision with its implementation of multiannual plans for attaining and/or maintaining safe stock levels.
Z reformo se je začela izvajati bolj dolgoročna vizija, saj so bili sprejeti večletni načrti za obnovo in upravljanje staležev.
However, deployment of the ecosystem-based approach comes up against institutionalised decisions on the allocation of TACs and quotas in the Council and, sometimes, against a lack of the scientific knowledge needed to enable it to be applied.
Glavni ukrepi ohranjanja so bili bolj klasični, na primer opredelitev celotnega dovoljenega ulova, omejitev ribolovnega napora in tehnični ukrepi (ribiško orodje in minimalna iztovorjena količina). Ti ukrepi nalagajo tudi obveznost registriranja in obveščanja o ulovih in iztovarjanjih.
In the European Union, 63% of landings involve species subject to TACs.
Stranski pojav sistema celotnega dovoljenega ulova in kvot je zelo visok odstotek zavržkov, kar zelo škodi staležem rib in vsem ekosistemom.
Very high discard rates at sea that are highly prejudicial to fish stocks and to all ecosystems are a side-effect of the TAC and quota system.
Ribolovni viri se upravljajo v skladu z večletnimi načrti, da bi tako ribičem omogočili dolgoročno opravljanje dejavnosti.
It is the Council that fixes fishing possibilities, and application of the principle of relative stability and fleet overcapacity encourages Member States to increase their shares to the detriment of sustainable fisheries.
Staleži, ki so pod varno biološko mejo, pa so vključeni v večletne načrte za obnovo.
Fish stocks are managed pursuant to multiannual management plans, in order to enable fishermen to manage their activities in the long term.
Sprejetih je bilo več akcijskih načrtov za omejitev vpliva ribolova na občutljive habitate, varovanje neciljnih vrst, zmanjšanje prilova in odpravo zavržkov.
Stocks below the biological safety threshold are subject to multiannual recovery plans.
UPRAVLJANJE LADJEVJA
The CFP includes measures aimed at preventing any worsening of the imbalance between fleet overcapacity and actual fishing possibilities.
SRP vključuje ukrepe za preprečevanje slabšanja ravnovesja med presežnimi zmožnostmi flote in realnimi možnostmi za ribolov.
Fleet management is fundamental to conservation of resources, but its methods and financing are dependent on structural instruments.
Čeprav je upravljanje flote nujno potrebno za ohranjanje virov, so načini in financiranje odvisni od strukturnih ukrepov.
However, Member States often prefer to channel Structural Funds into maintaining activities and employment, rather than using them to reduce fishing capacity.
Kljub temu pa se države članice na strukturne sklade pogosto raje obrnejo za ohranjanje dejavnosti in delovnih mest, kot pa za zniževanje ribolovnih zmogljivosti.
Moreover, there is a risk that the economic crisis will make it difficult to co-finance all the structural policies and, in particular, the reduction in fishing capacity.
Poleg tega obstaja tveganje, da bo gospodarska kriza otežila sonanciranje vseh strukturnih ukrepov, zlasti zmanjšanja ribolovnih zmogljivosti.
Various action plans have been adopted with a view to restricting the impact of fishing on sensitive habitats, protecting species not targeted by fishing, and reducing by-catches and eliminating discards.
Pred letom 2002 je bilo upravljanje flote vključeno v večletne usmerjevalne programe (VUP), a ti niso omogočali reševanja problema presežnih zmogljivosti flote Skupnosti.
Fishing fleets average tonnage. 2007 = 100
Povprečna moč ribiških flot. 2007=100
Prior to 2002, the fleet was managed by multiannual guidance programmes (MAGPs), but these could not be used to resolve the Community fleet’s overcapacity problem.
Nova pravila, ki jih je uvedla reforma iz leta 2002, pa niso uspela znižati presežnih zmogljivosti flot.
Any creation of new capacity must be offset by the with-drawal, without financial aid, of a capacity that is at least equivalent.
Kljub omejitvam v okviru režima vstop-izstop se dejanska ribolovna zmogljivost še naprej povečuje.
Strictly speaking, fleet management does not employ fishing capacity parameters.
Pri upravljanju flote se parametri ribolovne zmogljivosti ne uporabljajo v strogem smislu.
It deals only with fleet tonnage and power, so that paradoxical situations can arise.
Upravljanje upošteva le tonažo in moč flote, kar povzroča tudi paradoksalne situacije.
Even though fleet tonnage and power are decreasing overall, average tonnages and power, as well as fishing capacity, often increase, while technological advances lead to substantial efficiency gains.
Čeprav se skupna tonaža in moč flot zmanjšuje, se povprečna tonaža, moč in ribolovna zmogljivost pogosto povečujejo, tehnološki napredki pa omogočajo tudi veliko večjo učinkovitost.
It will allocate premiums that are 20% higher than those available for decommissioning under the Financial Instrument for Fisheries Guidance (FIFG).
SRP ima za obdobje 2007–2013 na voljo proračunska sredstva v višini okrog 3,8 milijarde EUR.
Financial aid is also granted for the permanent transfer of EU vessels to third countries, in particular by creating joint enterprises.
Ta sredstva upravlja posebni finančni instrument, Evropski sklad za ribištvo (FEP).
The CFP has a budget of some € 3.8 billion for 2007-2013.
FEP lahko financira ukrepe za uravnoteženje virov in zmogljivosti flote ali za spodbujanje okolju prijaznejših načinov ribolova in proizvodnje.
This budget is administered by its financial instrument, the European Fisheries Fund (EFF).
Financira lahko tudi socialno-gospodarske ukrepe za izboljšanje konkurenčnosti in ekonomske uspešnosti sektorja ali v korist zaposlenih v sektorju, tako da zagotavlja trajni razvoj ribolovnih območij.
The new methods introduced with the 2002 reform have failed to reduce fleet overcapacity.
Reforma iz leta 2002 je spremenila socialno-gospodarske ukrepe, saj je podaljšala pomoč za začasno prenehanje opravljanja dejavnosti.
Despite the restrictions introduced by the entry/exit regime, actual fishing capacity has continued to increase.
Vendar pa Evropski sklad za ribištvo ni uspel zadovoljiti vseh potreb, ki so nastale zaradi krize, ki jo doživlja sektor.
THE COMMON MARKET ORGANISATION (CMO)
SKUPNA UREDITEV TRGA (SUT)
The Common Market Organisation for fishery and aquaculture products (CMO) is the first element of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP).
Zgradba SUT za ribiške proizvode je deloma plod povezave, ki jo je ustanovitvena pogodba vzpostavila med ribištvom in kmetijstvom.
The aim of the CMO is to balance supply and demand in the Community market.
SUT za ribiške proizvode se dejansko ureja v skladu z načeli, cilji in instrumenti SUT za kmetijske proizvode.
The CMO faces the challenge of reconciling fishermen’s interests with the growing demands of the Community market and, in particular, with those of the processing sector, while ensuring fair competition.
Seveda pa obstajajo in so vedno obstajale velike razlike med kmetijstvom in ribištvom.
The instruments available to the CMO to help it to achieve its aims are common marketing standards, producer organisations, a pricesupport system and a trade regime with third countries.
Te so se sčasoma le še stopnjevale. Mehanizmi podpore kmetijam so se prilagodili novim razmeram, podpora ribiškim podjetjem pa takšnega razvoja ni doživela.
The EFF can finance measures designed to balance resources and fleet capacity, or to encourage more environmentally friendly fishing and production methods.
Skupna ureditev trga za ribiške in ribogojne proizvode (SUT) je prvi element skupne ribiške politike (SRP). Cilj SUT je ravnotežje med ponudbo in povpraševanjem na trgu Skupnosti.
It can also finance socioeconomic measures to improve the sector’s competitiveness and economic viability, or to benefit persons employed in the sector, ensuring sustainable development of fishing zones.
SUT se sooča z izzivom usklajevanja interesov ribičev z rastočimi zahtevami trga Skupnosti in še zlasti z zahtevami predelovalnega sektorja, hkrati pa mora zagotavljati pošteno konkurenco.
The 2002 reform modified the socioeconomic measures, extending aid to temporary cessation of activities.
Za doseganje teh ciljev ima SUT na voljo instrumente, kot so splošni standardi glede trženja, organizacije proizvajalcev, mehanizmi za ukrepanje in sistem izmenjav z državami, ki niso članice EU.
Moreover, aid for early retirement and for the retraining of fishermen in other activities allows them to continue fishing on a part-time basis.
Manevrski prostor SUT je v trenutni krizi ribištva zaradi narave mehanizmov za ukrepanje in nizkih finančnih sredstev zelo omejen.
However, the EFF has not succeeded in meeting the needs caused by the crisis in the sector.
Sveži izdelki, ki jih pokriva SUT, predstavljajo le 20 % celotne proizvodnje ribištva Skupnosti, izdatki SUT za ukrepanje pa znašajo le 0,6 % vrednosti svežih izdelkov, ki jih pokriva.
Fishing fleets average tonnage. 2007 = 100
Povprečna tonaža ribiških flot. 2007=100
The CMO has very limited room for manoeuvre in the face of the crisis the
EU sodeluje tudi v mednarodnih sporazumih o ribištvu in pomorskem pravu.
18 and aquaculture and of regional and national authorities, environmental NGOs and consumers.
18 ne vire na odprtem morju in dejavno sodelujejo v boju proti nezakonitemu ribolovu in škodljivim ribolovnim praksam.
The fresh products covered by the CMO represent only 20% of total production in the Community fisheries sector, and the CMO’s expenditure on interventions amounts to only 0.6% of the value of the fresh products it covers.
Komisija je sprejela strategijo trajnostnega razvoja evropskega ribogojstva ter sporočili o partnerskih sporazumih o ribištvu s tretjimi državami in izboljšanju znanstvenega svetovanja za upravljanje ribištva.
RELATIONS WITH THIRD COUNTRIES
POVEČANJE ŠTEVILA POSVETOVALNIH ORGANOV
The Commission has given the RACs priority over the European Parliament. For example, the agreement concluded by
Za vsako posamezno pomorsko ali ribolovno območje jih sestavljajo ribiči, strokovnjaki, predstavniki drugih sektorjev, povezanih z ribištvom in ribogojstvom, regionalni in nacionalni organi oblasti, nevladne organizacije za zaščito okolja in potrošnikov.
The EU has concluded a very large number of bilateral agreements with a view to opening up access for Community vessels to third-country fishing zones. With the reform of the CFP in 2002, these agreements evolved into partnership regimes in order to create sustainable fishing conditions.
Komisija je v okviru reforme predstavila tudi skupek akcijskih načrtov Skupnosti za: • ribolov v Sredozemlju; • za vključitev okoljevarstvenih zahtev v skupno ribiško po-litiko;•izkoreninjenjenezakonitega,neprijavljenegainnereguli-ranegaribolova;
The EU also participates in international agreements on sh-ing and maritime law.
Na RAC se lahko za nasvet obrne Komisija.
These RFOs manage fish stocks in open sea, and play an active part in combating illegal fishing and destructive fishing practices.
Sveti lahko za Komisijo ali države članice pripravijo tudi priporočila, predloge ali informacije.
INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF ADVISORY BODIES
Komisija je večjo vlogo raje dala RAC kot Evropskemu parlamentu.
1 cils (RACs) were created
SPREMLJAJOČI UKREPI
The Community Fisheries Control Agency (CFCA), based in Vigo (Spain), was created to strengthen cooperation between Member States in the detection of and crackdown on oences.
• nevtraliziranje socialnih, gospodarskih in regionalnih posledic prestrukturiranja ribištva Skupnosti; zmanjšanje zavržkov rib.
All too often, the legislative acts ultimately adopted were not equal to the objectives stated in the Commission’s communications.
Zakonodajni akti, ki so na koncu sprejeti, pogosto ne dosegajo ciljev, izraženih v sporočilih Komisije.
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE CFP
EVROPSKI PARLAMENT IN SKUPNA RIBIŠKA POLITIKA
THE ROLE OF THE COMMITTEE ON FISHERIES
VLOGA ODBORA ZA RIBIŠTVO
2, as quoted responsibilities of the Committee on Fisheriesin the box below.
Pristojnosti odbora za ribištvo (2
Commission’s Fisheries Directorate-General were extended to include maritime aairs.
), ki so povzete v spodnjem direktorata za ribištvo pri Evropski komisiji razširile še na pomorske zadeve.
In 2008, this DG was renamed the Directorate-General for Maritime Aairs and Fisheries (DG MARE).
Leta 2008 se je GD tako preimenoval v Generalni direktorat za pomorske zadeve in ribištvo.
In view of these developments, on 10 May 2007 the Committee on Fisheries asked for its responsibilities to be extended as well.
V skladu s temi spremembami je tudi Odbor za ribištvo 10. maja 2007 zaprosil za razširitev pristojnosti.
The 2002 reform of the CFP further integrated fisheries with other policies.
Reforma SRP leta 2002 je uvedla večje povezovanje ribištva z drugimi politikami.
In 2005, the responsibilities of the European
Leta 2005 so se pristojnosti Generalnega
The role of the Committee on Fisheries
Vloga Odbora za ribištvo