natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
• the European Economic and Social Committeerepresents civil society and thetwo sides of industry;
•Evropski ekonomsko-socialni odbor zastopa civilno družbo in obe stranigospodarstva;
• the Committee of the Regionsrepresents regional and local authorities;• the European Central Bankis responsible for European monetary policy;• the European Investment Bankfinances EU investment projects;
•Odbor regij zastopa regionalne in lokalne oblasti;•Evropska centralna bankaodgovarja za evropsko monetarno politiko;•Evropska investicijska bankafinancira investicijske projekte EU;
• the European Ombudsmanguards EU citizens and organisations against maladministration.
•Evropski varuh človekovih pravic varuje državljane in organizacije EU prednepravilnostmi.
In addition, specialised agencies have been set up to handle certain technical, scientific or management tasks.
Poleg tega so bile ustanovljene tudi specializirane agencije, ki se ukvarjajo z nekaterimi strokovnimi, znanstvenimi ali upravljavskimi nalogami.
This booklet offers a comprehensive overview of what each institution or agencydoes, and how it works.
Ta knjižica daje izčrpen pregled nad tem, kaj vsaka posamična ustanova ali agencija počne in kako deluje. Njen cilj je biti koristen vodnik po sedanjem sistemuodločanja v EU.
The EU is founded on four treaties:
EU temelji na štirih pogodbah:
• The Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community(ECSC), which was signedon 18 April 1951 in Paris, came into force on 23 July 1952 and expired on 23 July 2002;
•Pogodbi o ustanovitvi evropske skupnosti za premog in jeklo, ki je bila podpisana 18. aprila1951 v Parizu in je začela veljati 23. julija 1952 ter je potekla 23. julija 2002;
• The Treaty establishing the European Economic Community(EEC), which was signed on 25March 1957 in Rome and came into force on 1 January 1958;
•Pogodbi o ustanovitvi Evropske gospodarske skupnosti (EGS), ki je bila podpisana 25. marca1957 v Rimu in je začela veljati 1. januarja 1958;
• The Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community(Euratom), which wassigned in Rome along with the EEC Treaty.
•Pogodbi o ustanovitvi Evropske skupnosti za atomsko energijo, ki je bila podpisana v Rimuskupaj s Pogodbo o EGS.
These two treaties are often referred to as the‘Treaties of Rome‘.
Ti dve pogodbi se pogosto navajata kot "Rimski pogodbi".
When the term ‘Treaty of Rome‘ is used, only the EEC Treaty is meant;
Kadar seuporablja termin "Rimska pogodba", je mišljena Pogodba o Evropski gospodarski skupnosti;
• The Treaty on European Union(EU), which was signed in Maastricht on 7 February 1992,and came into force on 1 November 1993.
•Pogodbi o Evropski uniji (EU), ki je bila 7. februarja 1992 podpisana v Maastrichtu in jezačela veljati 1. novembra 1993.
By adding this intergovernmental cooperation to the existing‘Community‘ system, the Maastricht Treatycreated a new structure with three ‘pillars’which is political as well as economic. This isthe European Union (EU).
S tem, ko se je obstoječemu sistemu "Skupnosti" dodalo takšno medvladno sodelovanje,je Maastrichtska pogodba ustvarila novo
The first three of these treaties created thethree ‘European Communities‘, i.e. the system of joint decisionmaking on coal, steel,nuclear power and other major sectors of themember states’ economies.The Communityinstitutions — set up to manage this system —were merged in 1967, resulting in a single Commission and a single Council.
Prve tri izmed teh pogodb so oblikovale tri"Evropske skupnosti", t.j. sistem skupnegaodločanja o premogu, jeklu, jedrski energiji indrugih glavnih sektorjih gospodarstev državčlanic. Ustanove skupnosti, ki so bile ustanovljene za upravljanje tega sistema, so se združile leta 1967 in nastala sta enasama Komisija in en sam Svet.
Common Foreign and Security Policy
Sodelovanjepolicije insodstva vkazenskihzadevah
Police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters
Ker nibila več izključno gospodarska skupnost, se je sčetrto pogodbo (Maastrichtsko) preimenovalaenostavno v Evropskoskupnost (ES).
THE TREATIES
POGODBE
The Maastricht Treatyalso introduced newforms of co-operationbetween the memberstate governments forexample on defence andin the area of ‘justice and
Evropska unija temelji na svojih pogodbah. Njeni trije "stebri" predstavljajo različna politična področja z različnimi sistemiodločanja.
The European Union is founded on its treaties. Its three ‘pillars’ represent different policy areas withdifferent decisionmaking systems
Maastrichtska pogodba jetorej uvedla nove oblikesodelovanja med vladamidržav članic, na primerglede obrambe in na
The treaties are the foundation for everything the European Union does.
•Amsterdamska pogodbaje bila podpisana2. oktobra 1997 in je začela veljati 1. maja1999.
Wheneverthe treaties have to be reviewed and amended, this is done by a special conference of the EU’s national governments (an ‘intergovernmental conference’ or IGC).
Spremenila je pogodbi o Evropskiuniji in Evropski skupnosti, saj je člene Pogodbe o EU označila s številkami(namesto s črkami).
• The Treaty of Nice, signed on 26 February2001, entered into force on 1 February2003.
Pogodbe so temelj vsega, kar počne Evropskaunija.
It further amends the other treaties,streamlining the EU’s institutional systemso it can continue to work effectively aftera new wave of member states joins in2004.
Kadar je treba pogodbe pregledati inspremeniti, se to stori s posebno konferenconacionalnih vlad EU ("medvladno konferenco" ali MK).
Decisionmaking at European Union levelinvolves various European institutions, inparticular:
•Pogodba iz Niceje bila podpisana 26. februarja 2001 in je začela veljati 1. februarja2003.
The treaties have been amended each timenew member states have joined.
Pogodbe so bile spremenjene vsakič, ko so sepridružile nove države članice.
Moreover,every decade or so, the treaties have beenamended to reform the EU institutions andgive them new areas of responsibility.
Poleg tega sose pogodbe približno vsako desetletje spreminjale zaradi preoblikovanja ustanov EU indodeljevanja novih področij odgovornostitem ustanovam.
• the European Commission,• the European Parliament,• the Council of the European Union.
Odločanje na ravni Evropske unije vključujerazlične evropske ustanove, še zlasti pa
• The Single European Act (SEA) was signedin February 1986 and came into force on 1July 1987.
•Evropsko komisijo,
It amended the EEC Treaty andpaved the way for completing the singlemarket.
•Evropski parlament,
• The Treaty of Amsterdam was signed on2 October 1997 and came into force on1 May 1999.
•Enotni evropski akt (EEA)je bil podpisanfebruarja 1986 in je začel veljati 1. julija1987.
It amended the EU and ECtreaties, giving numbers (instead of letters)to the EU Treaty articles.
Spremenil je Pogodbo o ustanovitvi Evropske gospodarske skupnosti in utrl poturesničevanju enotnega trga.
The ideas that led to the European Union were first put forward on 9 May 1950 in a speech by Robert Schuman (French Foreign Minister).
Zamisli, ki so pripeljale do Evropske unije, so bile prvič predstavljene 9. maja 1950 v govoru Roberta Schumana(francoskega zunanjega ministra).
So 9 May is celebrated each year as Europe Day.
Zato se 9. maja vsako leto praznuje dan Evrope
It’s easy to become confused about which European body is which — especially when very different bodies have very similar names, such as these three ‘councils’.
Ko govorimo o evropskih telesih, se lahko prav hitro zmedemo, zlasti, kadar imajo zelo različnatelesa zelo podobna imena, kot je na primer pri treh "svetih".
The European Council This means the heads of state and government (i.e. presidents and/or prime ministers) of allthe EU countries, plus the President of the European Commission.
Evropski svet Ta vključuje vodje držav in vlad (t.j. predsednike držav in/ali predsednike vlad) vseh držav EU terpredsednika Evropske komisije.
The European Council meets,in principle, four times a year to agree overall EU policy and to review progress.
Evropski svet se načeloma sestaja štirikrat letno, da potrdisplošno politiko EU in preveri napredek.
It is the high-est-level policymaking body in the European Union, which is why its meetings are often called‘summits’.
Gre za telo, ki v Evropski uniji sprejema odločitve nanajvišji ravni, zato se njegovi sestanki pogosto imenujejo "sestanki na vrhu".
The Council of the European Union Formerly known as the Council of Ministers,this institution consists of government ministersfrom all the EU countries.
Svet Evropske unije:Prej je bil to Svet ministrov,danes ga sestavljajo vladni ministri iz vseh držav EU.
The Council meets regularly to take detailed decisions and to pass European laws.
Svet se rednosestaja, da sprejema podrobne odločitve in evropske zakone.
A fuller description of its work is given later in this booklet.
Podrobnejši opis njegovega dela jena voljo v nadaljevanju te knjižice.
The Council of Europe This is not an EU institution at all.
Svet Evrope To sploh ni ustanova EU.
It is an intergovernmental organisation which aims(amongst other things) to protect human rights, to promote Europe’s cultural diversity and tocombat social problems such as racial prejudice and intolerance.
Gre za medvladno organizacijo, katere cilji so (med drugim) varstvočlovekovih pravic, uveljavljanje evropske kulturne raznolikosti in boj proti socialnim problemom, kot so rasni predsodki in nestrpnost.
It was set up in 1949 and oneof its early achievements was to draw up the European Convention on Human Rights.
Ustanovljen je bil leta 1949 in eden od njegovihzgodnjih dosežkov je bil oblikovanje Evropske konvencije o človekovih pravicah.
Toenable citizens to exercise their rights under that Convention it set up the European Court of Human Rights.
Da bi državljanom omogočili uresničevanje njihovih pravic v okviru te konvencije, je bilo ustanovljeno Evropsko sodišče za človekove pravice.
The Council of Europe now has 44 member states, including the 15 European Union countries, and its headquarters are the Palais de l’Europe in Strasbourg (France).
Svet Evrope ima zdaj 45 držav članic, vključno spetnajstimi državami Evropske unije, njegov sedež pa je v Palais de l’Europev Strasbourgu(Francija).
The European Commission proposes new legislation, but it is the Council and Parliamentthat pass the laws.
Evropska komisija predlaga novo zakonodajo,Svet in Parlament pa sprejemata zakone.
Other institutions also haveroles to play in specific areas, as will beexplained in greater detail later in this booklet.
Tudidruge ustanove imajo pomembno vlogo nadoločenih področjih, kakor je podrobnejerazloženo v nadaljevanju te knjižice.
the co-decision procedure,Parliament genuinely shares power with the Council.
Parlament enaka pooblastila kot Svet.
The European Commission, when proposing anew law, must choose which procedure tofollow. The choice will, in principle, dependon the ‘legal basis’ of the proposal — in otherwords which Treaty article it is based on.
Kopredlaga nov zakon, mora Evropska komisijaizbrati, kateri postopek se bo uporabljal.Izbira bo načeloma temeljila na "normativnipodlagi" predloga, to je na členu Pogodbe, nakaterem temelji.
In greater detail, the three procedures are asfollows:
Sledi podrobnejša predstavitev teh trehpostopkov:
The rules and procedures for EU decisionmaking are laid down in the treaties.
Pravila in postopki odločanja v EU so določeni v pogodbah.
Every European law is based on a specific treatyarticle, referred to as the ‘legal basis’ of thelegislation.
Vsak evropski zakon temeljina določenem členu pogodbe, ki velja kot"normativna podlaga" zakonodaje.
There are three main procedures for enactingnew EU laws:
Za sprejemanje novih zakonov EU obstajajotrije glavni postopki:
• consultation; • assent; • co-decision.
• soodločanje.
Under the consultation procedure, the Commission sends its proposal to both the Council and Parliament but it is the Councilthat officially consults Parliament and otherbodies such as the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, whose opinions are an integral partof the EU’s decisionmaking process.
Pri postopku posvetovanja pošlje Komisijasvoj predlog Svetu in Parlamentu, Svet pa seuradno posvetuje s Parlamentom in drugimitelesi, kot sta Ekonomsko-socialni odbor in Odbor regij, čigar mnenja so sestavni del procesa odločanja v EU.
The main difference between them is theway Parliament interacts with the Council.Under the consultation procedure,Parliament merely gives its opinion; under
Glavna razlika med njimi je v načinu, kako Parlament sodeluje s Svetom. Pri postopku posvetovanja Parlament zgolj poda svojemnenje, pri postopku soodločanjapa ima
In some areas, such as taxation, the Council’sdecision has to be unanimous.
Na nekaterih področjih, kot je obdavčevanje,mora biti odločitev Sveta soglasna.
Assent
Privolitev
In some cases, consultation is compulsorybecause the legal basis requires it and theproposal cannot become law unless Parliament has given its opinion.
V nekaterih primerih je posvetovanje obvezno, ker tako zahteva normativna podlaga, inpredlog ne more postati zakon, če Parlamentne da svojega mnenja.
In othercases consultation is optional and the Commission will simply suggest that the Council consult Parliament.
V drugih primerih jeposvetovanje neobvezno in Komisija preprosto predloži Svetu, naj se posvetuje s Parlamentom.
The assent procedure means that the Councilhas to obtain the European Parliament'sassent before certain very important decisions are taken.
Postopek privolitve pomeni, da mora predsprejetjem nekaterih zelo pomembnih odločitev Svet pridobiti soglasje Evropskega parlamenta.
In all cases, Parliament can:• approve the Commission proposal,• reject it,• or ask for amendments.
V vseh primerih lahko Parlament•odobri predlog Komisije,•predlog zavrne,•ali zahteva spremembe.
The procedure is the same as in the case ofconsultation, except that Parliament cannotamend a proposal: it must either accept orreject it. Acceptance (‘assent’) requires anabsolute majorityof the vote cast.
Postopek je enak kot v primeru posvetovanja,razen, da Parlament predloga ne more spremeniti: mora ga bodisi sprejeti bodisi zavrniti.Za sprejetje ("privolitev") je potrebna absolutna večinaglasov.
The areas covered by the assent procedure are:
Če Parlament zahteva spremembe, Komisijapreuči vse spremembe, ki jih predlaga Parlament.
If Parliament asks for amendments, the Commission will consider all the changes Parliament suggests.
Področja, ki jih zajema postopek privolitve,so:
• specific tasks of the European Central Bank;
•posebne naloge Evropske centralne banke;
• amending the statutes of the European System of Central Banks/ European Central Bank;
•sprememba statuta Evropskega sistemacentralnih bank/Evropske centralne banke;
• the Structural Funds and Cohesion Funds;
•strukturni in kohezijski skladi;
The Council examines the amended proposaland either adopts it as it is or amends it further. In this procedure, as in all others, if the Council amends a Commission proposal itmust do so unanimously.
Svet preuči spremenjen predlog in ga sprejmetakšnega, kakor je, ali ga nadalje spremeni.Kot pri vseh ostalih postopkih, mora biti tudiv primeru, če se Svet odloči, da bo zavrnilpredlog Komisije, takšna odločitev soglasna.
• the uniform electoral procedure for the European Parliament;
•enoten volilni postopek za Evropski parlament;
The areas covered by the consultation procedure are:
Področja, ki jih zajema postopek posvetovanja, so:
• certain international agreements;• the accession of new member states.
•nekateri mednarodni sporazumi;•pristop novih držav članic.
• police and judicial cooperation in criminalmatters;
•sodelovanje policije in sodstva v kazenskihzadevah;
• discrimination on grounds of sex, race orethnic origin, religion or political conviction, disability, age or sexual orientation;
•razlikovanje zaradi spola, rase ali etničnega porekla, vere ali političnega prepričanja, invalidnosti, starosti ali spolneusmerjenosti;
• EU citizenship; • agriculture;
•državljanstvo EU;•kmetijstvo;
• visas, asylum, immigration and other policies associated with the free movement ofpersons;
•vizumi, azil, priseljevanje ali druge politike,povezane s prostim pretokom oseb;
• transport (where it is likely to have a significant impact on certain regions);
•promet (kadar je verjetno, da bo pomembno vplival na določene regije) ;
In the co-decision procedure, Parliament andthe Council share legislative power.
V postopku soodločanja si Parlament in Svetdelita zakonodajna pooblastila. Komisijapošlje svoj predlog obema ustanovama.
They each read and discuss it twicein succession.
Obeustanovi prebereta predlog in dvakrat zapored razpravljata o njem.
If they cannot agree on it, it isput before a ‘conciliation committee’,com-posed of equal numbers of Council and Parliament representatives.
Če se ne moreta sporazumeti glede predloga, ga predložita"spravnemu odboru", ki ga sestavlja enakoštevilo predstavnikov Sveta in Parlamenta.Sestankov odbora se udeležujejo tudi predstavniki Komisije in sodelujejo v razpravi.
Commission representatives also attend the committeemeetings and contribute to the discussion.Once the committee has reached an agreement, the agreed text is then sent to Parliament and the Council for a third reading, so that they can finally adopt it as law.
Koodbor doseže dogovor, se odobreno besedilopošlje v tretje branje Parlamentu in Svetu,tako da ga lahko dokončno sprejmeta kotzakon.
• competition rules; • tax arrangements;• economic policy;
•pravila konkurence;•davčne ureditve;•ekonomska politika;
In greater detail, the procedure is as shownin the diagram:
Postopek je podrobneje prikazan v diagramu:
• ‘enhanced co-operation’ — i.e. the arrangement allowing a group of member states towork together in a particular field even ifthe others do not wish to join in yet.
•"okrepljeno sodelovanje", t.j. ureditev, kiomogoča skupini držav članic, da sodelujejona določenem področju, četudi se drugedržave še ne želijo pridružiti.
Proposal by the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council
Predlog Komisije Evropskemu parlamentu in Svetu
Parliament opinion : Commission amends its proposal
Mnenje Parlamenta: Komisija spremeni svoj predlog
Council approves all the amendmentsof Parliament and adopts the act.
Svet odobri vse spremembe Parlamentain sprejme zakon.
The Council, by qualified majority, establishes a common position.
Svet s kvalificirano večino ugotoviskupno stališče.
The Commission issues a communicationon the common position.
Parlament preuči skupno stališče Sveta.
Parliament examines the commonposition of the Council.
Parlament odobri skupno stališče oziroma ne ukrepa.
Parliament approvesthe common position or takes no action.
Parlament na podlagi absolutne večinepredloži spremembe.
Parliament by an absolute majorityrejects the Council common position.
Parlament z absolutno večino zavrne skupno stališče Sveta.
The act is not adopted.
Zakon e ne sprejme.
The act is adopted.
Zakon se sprejme.
Commission opinion
Mnenje Komisije
The Council approves all the amendments of Parliament.
Svet odobri vse spremembe Parlamenta.
The Council does not approve all the amendments of Parliament.
Svet ne odobri vseh sprememb Parlamenta.
The Council President, in conjunction with the President of Parliament, convenes the Conciliation Committee.
Predsednik Sveta skupaj s predsednikom Parlamenta skliče Spravni odbor.
The Commission takes part in the work.
Komisija sodeluje pri delu.
The Conciliation Committee does notreach agreement. The act is not adopted.
Spravni odbor ne doseže dogovora.Zakon se ne sprejme.
The Conciliation Committee reaches agreement.Parliament and the Council, by absolute and qualified majority, adopt the act.
Spravni odbor doseže dogovor.
If one of the two institutions does not approve, the act is not adopted.
Parlament in Svet z absolutno in kvalificirano večino sprejmeta zakon.
The areas covered by the co-decision procedure are:
Če se ena od ustanov ne strinja,se zakon ne sprejme.
• education;• vocational training;• culture;• health;• consumer protection;• trans-European networks;• implementing decisions regarding the European Regional Development Fund;• research;• the environment;• transparency;• preventing and combating fraud;• statistics;• setting up a data protection advisorybody.
•izobraževanje;•poklicno usposabljanje;•kultura;•zdravje; •varstvo potrošnikov;•vseevropska omrežja;•uresničevanje odločitev glede Evropskega sklada za regionalni razvoj; • raziskave; • okolje; • transparentnost; • preprečevanje goljufij in njihov pregon;•statistika;•ustanovitev svetovalnega telesa za varstvopodatkov.
• non-discrimination on the basis ofnationality;• the right to move and reside;• the free movement of workers;• social security for migrant workers;• the right of establishment;• transport;• the internal market;• employment;• customs co-operation;• the fight against social exclusion;• equal opportunities and equal treatment;• implementing decisions regarding the European Social Fund;
Področja, ki jih zajema postopek soodločanja,so:•nediskriminacija zaradi nacionalnosti;•pravica do prostega gibanja in prebivanja;•prost pretok delavcev;•socialna varnost delavcev migrantov;•pravica do ustanavljanja;•promet;•notranji trg;•zaposlovanje;•carinsko sodelovanje;•boj proti socialni izključenosti;•enake možnosti in enako obravnavanje;•uresničevanje odločitev glede Evropskegasocialnega sklada;
Key facts
Glavni podatki
Role: Directly elected legislative arm of the EUNext election: June 2004Meetings: Monthly plenary sessions in Strasbourg, committee meetings and additional sessions in Brussels Address: Plateau du Kirchberg, B.P. 1601L-2929 Luxembourg Tel.: (352) 4300-1 Internet: www.europarl.eu.int
Vloga Neposredno izvoljena zakonodajnaoblast EUNaslednje volitve:junija 2004Sestanki:mesečne plenarne seje v Strasbourgu,sestanki odbora in dodatne seje v Bruslju. Naslov: Plateau du Kirchberg, B.P. 1601, L-2929 Luxembourg Tel. (+352) 43001Internet:www.europarl.eu.int
The members of the European Parliament (MEPs) sit not in national blocks but in Europe-widepolitical groups that bring together all the main political parties operating in the EU memberstates.
Poslanci Evropskega parlamenta ne sedijo po nacionalnih blokih, temveč po vseevropskihpolitičnih skupinah, ki združujejo vse glavne politične stranke, ki delujejo v državah članicah EU.
Number of seats per political group, as at 1 April 2003
TABELA: Število sedežev na politično skupino, stanje 1. aprila 2003
No of seats232
Št. sedežev
Political group European People’s Party (Christian Democrats)and European Democrats Party of European Socialists European Liberal, Democrat and Reformist Party European United Left/Nordic Green Left Greens/European Free Alliance Union for Europe of the Nations Europe of Democracies and Diversities Non-attached
Politična skupina Evropska ljudska stranka (krščanski demokrati) in Evropski demokrati Stranka evropskih socialistov Evropska liberalna, demokratska in reformistična stranka Evropska združena levica/Nordijska zelena levica Zeleni/Evropska svobodna zveza Zveza za Evropo narodov Evropa demokracij in raznolikosti Ne pripadajo nobeni skupini
The Parliament’s origins go back to the 1950s and the founding treaties.
Zametki Parlamenta segajo v petdeseta leta dvajsetega stoletja in ustanovne pogodbe.
Since 1979, MEPshave been directly elected by the citizens they represent.
Od leta1979 poslance Evropskega parlamenta neposredno volijo državljani, ki jih ti poslanci zastopajo.
Parliamentary elections are held every five years, and every EU citizen who is registered as avoter is entitled to vote.
Parlamentarne volitve so vsakih pet let in vsak evropski državljan, ki je evidentiran kot volivec,ima pravico voliti.
So Parliament expresses the democratic will of the Union's 374 million citizens, and it represents their interests in discussions with the other EU institutions.
Tako Parlament izraža demokratično voljo 380 milijonov državljanov Unije inzastopa njihove interese v razpravah z drugimi ustanovami EU.
The European Parliament works in France,Belgium and Luxembourg.
Evropski parlament deluje v Franciji, Belgiji in Luksemburgu.
The monthly plenary sessions, which all MEPsattend, are held in Strasbourg (France) — the Parliament's ‘seat’.
Mesečne plenarne seje, ki se jih udeležujejoposlanci Evropskega parlamenta, so v Strasbourgu (v Franciji), kjer je "sedež" Parlamenta.