natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The impact of such fishing on resources and the environment cannot be disregarded, however: a specific scheme would therefore have to be carefully designed to ensure the sustainability of the stocks exploited by small-scale fleets.
Vendar ne smemo zanemariti učinka tega ribolova na vire in okolje: ta posebni sistem bo torej moral biti skrbno pripravljen, da bo zagotavljal nadaljnji obstoj staležev, ki jih izkoriščajo flote za mali ribolov.
More effective marketing la g eu l
Učinkovitejše trženje
The marketing of fish caught in Europe is not optimal for the moment, which has a negative impact on producers’earnings.
Trženje morskih proizvodov, ki se lovijo v Evropi, zdaj ni optimalno, kar negativno vpliva na prihodke proizvajalcev.
The Commission would like to see producers’ organisations help adapt fisheries to market demand thus improving product marketing.
Komisija želi, da se organizacije proizvajalcev organizirajo tako, da bi ribolov prilagodile povpraševanju na trgu in tako izboljšale trženje proizvodov.
Production would naturally better reflect market demand for quality, especially in terms of traceability, labelling and certification.
Proizvodnja bi se seveda bolje odzivala na zahteve trga po količinah rib, zlasti na področju sledljivosti, označevanja in certificiranja.
The Common Market Organisation (CMO) would put more emphasis on this aspect rather than on traditional policies of direct price support.
Skupna ureditev trgov (SUT) bi se bolj usmerila k temu vidiku kot k tradicionalnim politikam neposredne podpore za ohranjanje cen.
The Green Paper raises certain questions in this context.
Komisija v zvezi s tem v zeleni knjigi postavlja nekatera vprašanja.
Integrating the CFP in the Integrated Maritime Policy
Komisija v zeleni knjigi predlaga, naj se vsi ukrepi, tudi kratkoročni, jasno podredijo absolutni prednosti ohranjanja in trajnosti staležev.
A culture of compliance
Kultura upoštevanja pravil
In a report published in November 2007 (1), the EU Court of Auditors pinpointed the ineffectiveness of the fisheries control system in Europe: fisheries control has generally been weak, penalties are not dissuasive and inspections not frequent enough to encourage compliance.
Evropsko računsko sodišče je v poročilu, objavljenem novembra 2007 (1), ugotovilo premajhno učinkovitost nadzora ribištva v Evropi: nadzor je na splošno nezadosten, kazni niso odvračalne in inšpekcijski pregledi so premalo pogosti, da bi spodbujali k upoštevanju pravil.
Unauthorised fishing activities, undeclared catches, non-standard nets, quota overruns and non-compliance with rules on minimum catch sizes all jeopardise the sustainability of European fishing.
Nedovoljene ribolovne dejavnosti, neprijavljen ulov, nestandardne mreže, preseganje kvot, neupoštevanje pravil o minimalni velikosti ulova so kršitve, ki imajo škodljive posledice za nadaljnji obstoj evropskega ribištva.
The new approach proposed by the Commission aims to help create a culture of compliance among all stakeholders. The Commission therefore made an ambitious proposal in
Namen novega pristopa, ki ga predlaga Komisija, je prispevati k oblikovanju kulture upoštevanja pravil pri vseh zadevnih
The aim of the European Integrated Maritime Policy (IMP) is sustainable exploitation of the tremendous development potential of oceans.
Cilj evropske celostne pomorske politike (CPP) je trajno izkoriščanje ogromnih razvojnih možnosti, ki jih ponujajo oceani.
To be successful, it will have to ensure that all sectoral policies that interact closely with maritime affairs (fisheries, transport, energy, tourism, etc.) work in a coordinated way.
Zato skrbi, da vse sektorske politike, ki zadevajo pomorsko področje (ribištvo, promet, energetika, okolje, turizem itd.), delujejo usklajeno.
This new policy obviously has important implications for the CFP.
Ta nova politika očitno ponuja velike možnosti za SRP.
Capture fisheries and aquaculture compete increasingly with other maritime sectors for marine space, for example.
Na primer, ribolov in ribogojstvo čedalje bolj tekmujeta z drugimi morskimi sektorji za morski prostor.
Marine spatial planning is an important element of the IMP with which the future CFP must be integrated.
Prostorsko načrtovanje morja je pomemben element celostne pomorske politike, v katero mora biti vključena tudi prihodnja SRP.
In terms of adaptation to climate change consequences, development of coastal zones, surveillance, data collection, research and so on, there is strong synergy between the concerns of the fisheries sector and those of other maritime sectors.
Pri prilagajanju posledicam segrevanja ozračja, prostorskemu načrtovanju obalnih območij, nadzoru, zbiranju podatkov, raziskavam itd. so vprašanja v zvezi z ribiškim sektorjem povezana z vprašanji, povezanimi z drugimi pomorskimi sektorji, sinergije pa so lahko številne.
(1) Special Report No 7/2007 on the control, inspection and sanction systems relating to the rules on conservation of Community fisheries resources, together with the Commission’s replies.
(1) Posebno poročilo št. 7/2007 o sistemih nadzora, inšpekcijskih pregledov in kazni v zvezi s pravili za ohranjanje ribolovnih virov Skupnosti z odgovori Komisije.
A wideranging consultation
Široko posvetovanje
On top of these essential strategic areas, the Green Paper addresses all issues related to European fisheries.
Komisija v zeleni knjigi poleg teh ključnih strateških osi obravnava vsa vprašanja v zvezi z evropskim ribištvom.
It raises the question of international relations, European influence in international bodies and regional fisheries management organisations (RFMOs), as well as fisheries partnerships concluded with non-EU countries.
Tako na primer postavlja vprašanje mednarodnih odnosov, evropskega vpliva v mednarodnih organizacijah in regionalnih ribiških organizacijah (RRO) ter ribiških partnerstev, sklenjenih z raznimi državami, ki niso članice EU.
The need to encourage research and develop aquaculture are also discussed.
Komisija v zeleni knjigi obravnava tudi spodbujanje raziskav in razvoja ribogojstva.
The Green Paper represents the starting point of a wideranging consultation.
Ta zelena knjiga je izhodišče za široko posvetovanje.
The Commission wishes this debate to engage a wide array of stakeholders, ranging from those directly involved in the fisheries sector to other policy areas to European citizens at large, as consumers, citizens and taxpayers.
Komisija upa, da se bo v to razpravo vključil širok krog oseb, oblikovalcev politik in drugih državljanov, in sicer od tistih, ki so neposredno vključeni v ribiški sektor ali v druge politike, pa do državljanov na splošno kot potrošnikov ali davkoplačevalcev.
The Commission will sum up the debate by first half of 2010 and produce conclusions on the direction of the CFP reform.
Komisija bo v prvi polovici leta 2010 povzela razpravo in pripravila sklepe o usmeritvi reforme SRP.
An impact assessment will then be conducted and after further consultations with stakeholders, the Commission will draft a proposal for a new basic regulation which will be presented to the Council and the European Parliament together with all other legal base proposals in the context of the new Financial Framework after 2013.
Nato bo pripravljena ocena učinka, po dodatnih posvetovanjih z zainteresiranimi stranmi pa bo Komisija pripravila osnutek predloga nove osnovne uredbe, ki bo Svetu in Evropskemu parlamentu predložen skupaj z vsemi drugimi predlogi za pravno podlago znotraj novega finančnega okvira po letu 2013.
Longterm management
To velja tudi za druge staleže: prezgodaj je še, da bi na podlagi nekaj nihanj pripravili sklepne ugotovitve.
North Sea cod is showing only weak signs of recovery, however. For the first time in years, its biomass increased very slightly in 2008.
Upravljanje staležev, ki jih ogroža prelov, zahteva, da se opremo na znanstveno vizijo, ki bo zadevala vsaj življenjsko dobo zadevnih vrst, in cilje odgovornega in trajnostnega izkoriščanja.
This small sign of recovery encouraged the Fisheries Ministers to increase the 2009 TAC by 30%, although scientists consider it very insignificant, particularly because the biomass is still well below the biologically safe limit.
Da bi to dosegli, bo treba pripraviti dolgoročne načrte za upravljanje, v katerih bodo določeni upravljavski ukrepi za več let, kar pomeni tudi prednost, da se sektorju ponudi možnost izkoriščanja, ki bo trajala dlje od zdajšnje enoletne.
The same holds for other stocks: it is too early to draw conclusions from these limited variations.
Večletni načrti omogočajo tako upravljanje ribiškega sektorja in staležev rib, da se dosega stabilnejše ravnovesje, večja produktivnost in manj neželenih posledic za okolje.
The management of stocks threatened by overfishing has to be based on a scientific approach covering at least the lifetime of the species concerned and the objectives of responsible and sustainable exploitation.
Večletni načrti Skupnosti, ki se izvajajo• 2004: trska (od Kattegata do Irskega morja) in severni stalež osliča.• 2005: južni stalež osliča in iberski stalež škampa.• 2006: morski list v Baskovskem zalivu.• 2007: morski list v zahodnem Rokavskem prelivu, morski list in morska plošča v Severnem morju, dva staleža trske v Baltskem morju in jegulja.• 2008: atlantski sled zahodno od Škotske.
The solution requires longterm management plans that establish multi-annual measures, which also offers the advantage of giving the sector a longer operating perspective, in the place of the annual plans used until now.
Danes ti večletni načrti zajemajo 41% ulova pelagičnih vrst rib in 44% ulova pridnenih vrst. Pripravljajo se novi načrti, predvsem za lososa in pelagične staleže v Baltiku in za zahodni stalež šura.
Multi-annual plans make it possible to manage the fisheries sector and fish stocks in such a way as to create a more stable and more productive balance, with fewer ill effects on the environment.
To dolgoročno upravljanje ni omejeno na vode Skupnosti, saj je Komisija prek regionalnih ribiških organizacij, katerih članica je EU, pripomogla pri uvedbi večletnih načrtov, na primer na ravni
is he ri es and a qu ac ul t ur F
2) (tropski tuni, predvsem
At this stage, it is still hard to assess such plans.
V tej fazi je še težko predstaviti rezultate teh načrtov.
However, in 2008, most stocks for which quotas could be increased in 2009 had been regulated by longterm plans.
Vendar smo leta 2008 videli, da se je upravljanje večine staležev, za katere so se kvote lahko povečale v letu 2009, izvajalo na podlagi načrtov.
Mackerel, which has been managed for more than 10 years under a longterm plan, is now
Stalež skuše, ki se že deset let upravlja po dolgoročnem načrtu, je zdaj bogat.
International multi-annual plans in which the European Union is participating• 1996: North Sea herring.• 1997: mackerel.• 1998: Atlanto-Scandian herring.• 2003: North Sea haddock.• 2004, revised in 2008: North Sea cod.• 2006, revised in 2008: blue whiting.
Trska v Severnem morju kaže samo zelo šibke znake okrevanja. Njena biomasa se je leta 2008 prvič po dolgih
(2) Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission – www.wcpfc.int
(2) Komisija za ribištvo v zahodnem in osrednjem delu Tihega oceana – Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission – www.wcpfc.int
Self-management: the Dutch example la g eu l
Samoupravljanje: nizozemski primer la g eu l
Urk, a town whose economy is based on the fishing industry, is where the Dutch self-management system was devised around 15 years ago.
Nizozemski sistem samoupravljanja je pred petnajstimi leti nastal v Urku, nizozemskem mestu, katerega gospodarstvo temelji na ribolovu in ribiški industriji.
The Green Paper singles out the need to involve the sector more closely in fisheries management.
Komisija v zeleni knjigi poudarja nujnost večjega vključevanja sektorja v upravljanje ribištva.
Self-management schemes are already being applied successfully in Denmark and the Netherlands.
Sistemi samoupravljanja se že uspešno izvajajo na Danskem in Nizozemskem.
Fisheries and Aquaculture in Europe takes a look at the Dutch experience.
Hiter pregled nizozemske izkušnje.
Urk was once an island in the Zuiderzee.
Urk je bil včasih otok v Zuiderzee.
Over the last 70 years, with construction of the Afsluitdijk (1) and draining of the in place.
Že sedemdeset let je zaradi gradnje Afsluitdijka (1) in izsušitve Flevolanda majhno mesto na
To understand how it came about, it is important to understand the last three decades of history of the fishing industry.
Tu je pred petnajstimi leti nastal tudi sistem upravljanja ribištva, ki se zdaj uporablja na Nizozemskem. Da bi razumeli njegov nastanek, se moramo spomniti na zadnja tri desetletja v zgodovini ribolova.
Flevoland, it has turned into a small town on the banks of the IJsselmeer, around 100 kilometres from the closest sea shore.
Št obali Ijsselmeera približno sto kilometrov od najbližje morske obale.
Whether it is an island or on the banks of a river, however, the town’s local economy is still based on fishing.
Vendar krajevno gospodarstvo, naj bo otoško ali ripuarsko, še vedno temelji na ribolovu.
An industrial zone on the edge of town is home to the biggest fish auction in the Netherlands and to some of the leading Dutch fish processing firms.
Tu, v industrijski coni na obrobju mesta, je največja ribja tržnica na Nizozemskem, tu so tudi nekatera glavna nizozemska podjetja za predelavo rib.
‘At the start of the 1980s, the introduction of the Common Fisheries Policy brought to light problems of compatibility between fleet capacity and available quotas,’ explains Geert Meun, Secretary of the Coöperatieve Producentenorganisatie voor Visserij Oost Nederland (CPO), the local producers’ organisation (PO).
„Na začetku osemdesetih let prejšnjega stoletja so se z uvedbo skupne ribiške politike pojavile težave z združljivostjo zmoglji-vostiflote zrazpoložljivimi kvotami,“ pojasnjuje Geert Meun, sekretar lokalne organizacije proizvajalcev Coöperatieve Producentenorganisatie voor Visserij Oost Nederland (CPO).
‘The situation changed for the worse, particularly between the catch sector and inspectors, who caught many fishermen for quota overruns or failure to declare catches.
„Položaj se je torej poslabšal, zlasti v odnosih med ribiškimsektor-jem in nadzornimi službami, saj so njihovi uslužbenci zalotili številne ribiče pri preseganju kvot ali neporočanju o ulovu.
In the early 1990s, tension was running so high that the Parliament withdrew confidence from the Fisheries Minister and he had to resign.
Nazačetku devetdesetih let je bila napetost takšna, da je parlament grajal ministra za ribištvo, ki je moral odstopiti.
Thatwas when fishermen’s awareness started to increase.’
Ribiči so sezaradi tega začeli zavedati položaja.“
The 52 fishing vessels secured to the port account for 35% of national quotas for plaice and sole.
52 ribiških plovil, privezanih v pristanišču, ima 35% nacionalnih kvot za morske plošče in morske liste.
However, they no longer come here just for the town’s shipyards.
Vendar prihajajo sem samo še zaradi mestnih ladjedelnic.
Although their home bases are in the coastal ports of Harlingen, Den Helder or IJmuiden, they transport the bulk of their catches by truck to the auction in Urk, as do many other Dutch fisheries firms, to take advantage of the traditionally high prices paid here thanks to the nearby presence of large processing plants.
Zdaj je njihov sedež v obalnih pristaniščih Harlingen, Den Helder ali Ijmuiden.
The key figure who helped spark this awareness was Klaas Kramer, President of the Urk PO and head of the national fishermen’s federation. Kramer, who sought to halt the tension and to
Vendar jim to ne preprečuje, da kot veliko drugih nizozemskih ribiških podjetij večino ulova pošiljajo s tovornjaki na tržnico v Urku zaradi tradicionalno visokih cen, ki jih lahko tam dosežejo zaradi bližine velikih predelovalcev.
(1) The large dyke that closes the Zuiderzee and, by separating it from the North Sea, transforms this former marine gulf into a large inland lake now known as IJsselmeer.
(1) Velik jez, ki zapira Zuiderzee in s tem, ko ga ločuje od Severnega morja, ta stari morski zaliv spreminja v veliko notranje jezero, ki se zdaj imenuje Ijsselmeer.
‘If a fishermen sells directly, but has reported his catches in his logbook, he is not breaking Dutch law but he is out of line with ourrules,’ continues Geert Meun, showing a page bearing the Algemene Inspectiedienst letterhead.
„Če ribič prodaja neposredno, vendar je ulov navedel v ladij-skemdnevniku, ravna v skladu z nizozemsko zakonodajo, ne pa z nami,“ nadaljuje Geert Meun in pokaže list z glavo Algemene Inspectiedienst.
‘Under our agreement, inspectors who detect this type of violation send us a report like this one.
„V skladu z našim dogovorom nas inšpektorji, kiugotovijo tako kršitev našega pravilnika, o tem opozorijo tako, da nam pošljejo tako poročilo, kot ga imam tu.
And the following Saturday, when the fisherman comes back to Urk, we call him in to our office, show him the report and discuss payment of the fine.
In ko se naslednjo soboto ribič vrne v Urk, ga pozovemo, mu pokažemo poročilo in sepogovorimo o plačilu denarne kazni.
As a rule, though, most play by thebook.’
Vendar je treba povedati, da ima na splošno vsak namen spoštovati sistem.“
Peer control by the community of fishermen is also a key factor.
Ključna oseba tega zavedanja je bil Klaas Kramer, predsednik OP v Urku, ki je vodil nacionalno zvezo ribičev.
If a vessel catches more than its ITQs and is caught in the act, the fishery is closed for the entire PO, even if some fishermen still have quotas left.
Ker je hotel končati napetosti in izvleči sektor iz nezakonitega položaja, v katerem je bil, je dal pobudo za popolno spremembo.
So there is a collective responsibility towards all the PO members.
Želel je, da ribiči upoštevajo kvote, vendar v okviru sistema, v katerem bi dejavno sodelovali.
This system divided the fleet into six regional demersal groups and one pelagic group.
Nazadnje ne smemo spregledati pomena neuradnega nadzora, ki ga izvaja skupnost ribičev.
In the meantime, these groups have evolved into POs. Each has an independent president who has no personal interest in the sector.
Če plovilo lovi prek svojih ITQ in ga pri tem zalotijo, se ribolov prekine za vso OP, čeprav imajo nekateri ribiči še vedno na voljo ITQ.
Each fisherman then puts his ITQs into the PO’s pool.
Torej velja kolektivna odgovornost do vseh članov OP.
‘In the early weeks of the year, we review our members’ fishing plans,’ explains Geert Meun.
Te skupine so medtem postale OP. Na čelu vsake OP je neodvisni predsednik, ki nima osebnega interesa v sektorju.
‘Depending on what they plan for the year, we split up the ITQs so that everyone can be satisfied.’
Vsak ribič da svojo ITQ v skupno vrečo OP. Te kvote nato upravlja OP.
The introduction of individual transferable quotas has been a great stride in reducing fleet capacity.
Uvedba ITQ je močno vplivala na zmanjšanje zmogljivosti ribolovne flote.
In 1993, when the self-management system was put in place, the Urk group was made up of 125 vessels.
Leta 1993, ko je bilo uvedeno samoupravljanje, je skupino v Urku sestavljalo 125 plovil.
Today it has 52, following the decreases in quotas for two essential species, namely sole and plaice, and a succession of six national fleet decommissioning programmes.
Danes jih je samo še 52, potem ko so se zmanjšale kvote za dve ključni vrsti, to je za morskega lista in morsko ploščo, in je bilo zaporedoma izvedenih šest nacionalnih programov za umik plovil iz obratovanja.
Nothing is set in stone, however.
Vendar ni nič trdno določeno.
ITQs are transferred from one vessel to another throughout the year in terms of ups and downs and the different opportunities that arise: damage to a vessel, a boss who ceases his activities, a fishermen who operates in Denmark where more plaice can be found and who would like to obtain more quotas on this species by giving up his quotas for sole, and so on.
Prenosi ITQ z enega plovila na drugo se dogajajo vse leto glede na nepredvidljive razmere in priložnosti, ki se pojavljajo: plovilo, ki je poškodovano, kapitan, ki konča dejavnost, ribič, ki je odšel na Dansko, kjer je več morskih plošč, in je želel dobiti več kvot za to vrsto, tako da je odstopil kvote za morskega lista, itd.
Transfers also occur between POs.
Prenosi se dogajajo tudi med OP.
The only obligation is that transfers must be coordinated by the PO secretariat in charge of monitoring quota use.
Edina obveznost je, da jih mora usklajevati sekretariat OP, pristojen za spremljanje porabe kvot.
‘Imagine two brothers each in command of a vessel in a joint venture,’ explains Geert Meun, giving a common example.
„Zamislite si dva brata, ki poveljujeta vsak svojemu plovilu v skupni družbi,“ pojasnjuje Geert Meun z običajnim primerom.
‘Atthe start, they have enough ITQs to fish individually.
„Najprej imata dovolj ITQ, da lahko lovita vsak na svojem območju.
When quotas are lowered, they first try to keep operating both their vessels in the North Sea.
Ko se število ITQ zmanjša, poskusita najprej ohraniti svoji plovili v Severnem morju.
But after two or three years, they come tothe conclusion that it would be better to transfer the quotas toasingle vessel and take the other one out of service.
Vendar po dveh, treh letih ugotovita, da je bolje prenesti ITQ na eno samo plovilo in opustiti obratovanje drugega.
That’s the advantage of the system: everyone makes his own decision based on a rational analysis of the situation.
To je prednost sistema: vsak se lahko odloči na podlagi razumne analize položaja.
All the Dutch vessel decommissioning programmes have been applied on a voluntary basis… We intervene as a PO by helping fishermen draw up their fishing plans and analyse their situation.’ ri es and a qu ac ul t ur is he F
Vedeti je treba, da so se vsi nizozemski programi za umik plovil iz obratovanja izvajali prostovoljno… Kot OP pomagamo ribičem pripripravi njihovih ribolovnih načrtov in analizi položaja.“
The Dutch system of self-management has been operating for more than 15 years.
Nizozemski sistem samoupravljanja deluje že 15 let.
Of course, there are still infringements.
Ne smemo prezreti, da se kršitve še vedno dogajajo.
The annual fisheries compliance scoreboard (4) still lists serious u gu st 2009 II A offences by certain Dutch fishermen.
V letnem poročilu o skladnosti (4) na področju ribištva so še vedno navedene g us t 2009 I v I a hude napake nekaterih nizozemskih ribičev.
However, the result as a whole is satisfactory.
Vendar je položaj na splošno zadovoljiv.
To ensure compliance, the CPO carries out several types of inspections.
Da bi CPO zagotovil pravilno upoštevanje pravil, izvaja več vrst inšpekcijskih pregledov.
First, the president (who has no interests in the sector) attends the auction in Urk or Harlingen once a week to ensure the PO’s regular presence in these strategic places.
Najprej, predsednik (neodvisen od sektorja) vsak teden obišče tržnico v Urku ali Harlingenu zaradi zagotavljanja redne navzočnosti OP na teh strateških krajih. Nato, CPO je sklenil sporazume s tržnicami, Algemene
‘They said it would work as long as quotas were high and the economy was strong. In 15 years, quotas have collapsed and the situation has grown far worse for the fishing sector.
), da bi mu zaposleni na tržnicah, ribiški inšpektorji in inšpektorji za kakovost in higieno neposredno poročali o ugotovljenih pomanjkljivostih.
(2) The fisheries inspection service of the Ministry for Agriculture, Nature and Food.
(2) Inšpekcijska služba za ribištvo pri ministrstvu za kmetijstvo, naravo in prehrano.
(3) The agency in charge of promotion, hygiene and quality of fishery and aquaculture products.
(3) Agencija, pristojna za promocijo ter higieno in kakovost ribiških proizvodov in proizvodov iz ribogojstva.
(4) See COM(2008) 670 – Reports from Member States on behaviours which seriously infringed the rules of the Common Fisheries Policy in 2006.
(4) Glej COM(2008) 670 – Poročila držav članic glede načinov ravnanja, ki so resno kršila pravila skupne ribiške politike v letu 2006.