natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
You also have to take account of third parties likely to bepresent at workplaces occasionally (e.g. visitors).
Posebno pozornost posvetite posebnim skupinam delavcev, kot so:delavci invalidi,mladi delavci,mlade mamice in nosečnice,neizkušeno osebje, pripravniki,delavci, ki opravljajo delo sami,samozaposleni delavci,potencialno ranljivi delavci,delavci, ki ne razumejo jezika, ki se uporablja vkraju opravljanja dela.
safety and health of workers engaged in this type of worktherefore depends to a significant extent on their correctuse.
Pri opravljanju začasnega dela na višini se najpogostejeuporabljajo zidarski odri, lestve in vrvi, ki jih zajemajodoločbe o uporabi delovne opreme (glejte Prilogo Direktive 2001/45/ES), in sta zato varnost in zdravje delavcev, ki opravljajo take vrste delo, zelo odvisna od njihove pravilne uporabe.
The manner in which such equipment can be most safely used by workers must therefore be specified.
Zato je treba določiti način, ki bodelavcem omogočal najbolj varno uporabo takeopreme.Delavce je treba ustrezno usposobiti.
Adequatespecific training of the workers is required.
Dokazati morate, da:ste opravili ustrezen pregled;ste proučili, kateri delavci bi lahko bili izpostavljenitveganju;ste obravnavali vsa tveganja ob upoštevanju številapotencialno vpletenih delavcev;so sprejeti previdnostni ukrepi ustrezni in da so vseostale možnosti tveganja minimalne.
You must inform workers about the findings.
O ugotovitvah morate obvestiti delavce.
If temporary work at a height cannot be carried out safelyand under appropriate ergonomic conditions from a suitable surface, the work equipment most suitable to ensureand maintain safe working conditions must be selected.Collective protection measures must be given priority overpersonal protection measures.
Če začasnega dela na višini ni mogoče varno in pod primernimi ergonomskimi pogoji opraviti s primerne površine, je treba izbrati delovno opremo, ki najprimernejezagotovi in ohrani varne razmere za delo.
The dimensions of the workequipment must be appropriate to the nature of the work tobe performed and to the foreseeable stresses, and mustallow passage without danger.
Dimenzije delovne opreme morajo ustrezati naravi dela,ki ga je treba opraviti, in predvidljivim obremenitvam teromogočati varen prehod.
The most appropriate means of access to temporary workplaces at a height must be selected according to the frequency of passage, the height to be negotiated and theduration of use.
Najprimernejši dostop do začasnega delovnega mestana višini je treba izbrati glede na pogostost prehodov,višino, ki jo je treba premostiti in trajanje uporabe.
The choice made must permit evacuation inthe event of imminent danger.
Omogočati mora evakuacijo v primeru neposredne nevarnosti.
Passage in either directionbetween a means of access and platforms, decks or gangways must not give rise to any additional risks of falling.
Prehod med napravami za dostop in ploščadmi, etažami ali prehodi ne sme povzročati dodatnega tveganjaza padec.
Set a date for review and evaluation.
Določite datum za ponovno proučitev in ovrednotenje.
Ladders may be used as workstations for work at a heightonly under circumstances in which the use of other saferwork equipment is not justified because of the low level ofrisk and either the short duration of use or existing featuresof the site that the employer cannot alter.
Na delovnih postajah se lestve lahko uporabijo za delona višini le v okoliščinah, v katerih uporaba druge varnejše delovne opreme ni upravičena zaradi majhnegatveganja ali kratkotrajnosti uporabe oziroma značilnostidelovišča, ki jih delodajalec ne more spremeniti.
On review, check that the precautions taken for each riskstill adequately control the risk.
Pri pregledu preverite, ali so previdnostni ukrepi, sprejetiza posamezno tveganje, še vedno ustrezni.
If not, indicate the actionneeded.
Če to ni tako,navedite potrebni ukrep. Zabeležite rezultate.
If necessary, complete a newpage for your risk assessment.
Če jepotrebno, oceni tveganja dodajte novo stran.
Rope access and positioning techniques may be used onlyunder circumstances where the risk assessment indicatesthat the work can be performed safely and where the use ofother safer work equipment is not justified.
Dostop po vrvi in tehnike nameščanja se lahko uporabijole v okoliščinah, ko ocena tveganja kaže, da se delolahko opravi varno, in kjer uporaba druge varnejše opreme ni upravičena.
Changes in your workplace, e.g.:new machines,new substances,new procedures,presence of workers from other firms or self-employedworkers,
Spremembe na vašem delovnem mestu, npr.:novi stroji,nove snovi,novi postopki,prisotnost delavcev iz drugih podjetij ali samozaposlenih delavcevlahko povzročijo nova pomembna tveganja.
Taking the risk assessment into account and depending inparticular on the duration of the job and the ergonomicconstraints, a seat with appropriate accessories must beprovided.
Ob upoštevanju ocene tveganja in zlasti glede na trajanje dela ter ergonomske omejitve je treba zagotovitisedež z ustreznimi dodatki.
Look out for them and follow the five steps above.
Bodite pozorni na ta tveganja in ukrepajte v skladu zzgoraj opisanimipetimi koraki.
If necessary, safeguardsto prevent falls must be installed. These must be of a suitableconfiguration and sufficient strength to prevent or arrest fallsfrom a height and, as far as possible, to preclude injury toworkers.
Glede na vrsto delovne opreme, izbrane na osnovi zgornjih ugotovitev, je treba določiti ustrezne ukrepe zazmanjšanje tveganj, ki se lahko pojavijo ob uporabi tovr-stneopreme.
Collective safeguards to prevent falls may be interrupted only at points of ladder or stairway access.
Če je treba, se namestijo varovala za preprečevanje padcev.
When the performance of a particular task requires a collective safeguard to prevent falls to be temporarily removed,effective compensatory safety measures must be taken. Thetask may not be performed until such measures have beentaken.
Biti morajo ustrezno oblikovana indovolj trdna, da preprečijo ali zadržijo padce z višine inv največji možni meri preprečijo poškodbe delavcev.Kolektivna varovala za preprečevanje padcev so lahkoprekinjena le na točkah dostopa do lestve ali stopnic.
Temporary work at a height may be carried out only whenthe weather conditions do not jeopardise the safety andhealth of workers.
Kadar je kolektivno varovalo za preprečevanje padcevtreba začasno odstraniti zaradi izvajanja posebne naloge, je treba sprejeti učinkovite nadomestne varnostneukrepe.
Access for maintenance operations must be taken intoaccount when designing new buildings.
Naloga se ne sme opraviti, dokler ti ukrepi niso
Possible methods include:permanently installed means of access;tower scaffolding;mobile elevated work platform (MEWP) – scissor liftor with a telescopic vertical lift;MEWP with boom,ladder (in exceptional situations only!);rope access and positioning techniques.
Začasno delo na višini se lahko opravi le, kadar vremenske razmere ne ogrožajo varnosti in zdravja delavcev.
These are illustrated below.
Pri načrtovanju novih stavb je treba upoštevati dostopza vzdrževalna dela.
Need for flat non-slippery ground without obstacles;Need to adapt to different building heights.
Kako čistiti steklene atrije in strehe z notranje strani?
Non-binding guide to good practice for implementing Directive 2001/45/EC (W
Čiščenje steklenih atrijev in streh z notranjestrani z uporabo stolpnega odra
Technical characteristics:
Tehnične značilnosti:
Maximum technical safety;Their construction suits cleaning requirements;Optimum working conditions (no need to think abouthow to gain access).
Možne metode vključujejo:trajno nameščene naprave za dostop,stolpne odre,premično dvižno delovno ploščad (MEWP) – s škarjastim dvigalom ali navpičnim teleskopskim dviga-lom,premično dvižno delovno ploščad (MEWP) z jambo-rom,lestev (le v izjemnih razmerah!),dostop po vrvi in tehnike nameščanja.
None from the viewpoint of occupational safety, provided the means of access are designed and used properly.
varna delovna postaja zaradi bočne zaščite, kizagotavlja varen dostop;ravna delovna površina, možnost, da sezanapraveza čiščenje uporabijo priključki.
Example 3:Cleaning glass atria and roofs from theinside using a mobile elevated work platform (MEWP) – scissor or a vertical telescopic lift
Neobvezna navodila dobrega ravnanja za izvajanje Direktive 201/ 4 5/ ES (delo na višini)
Technical characteristics:
Naštete metode so opisane spodaj.
Simplicity of operation;Can be used in cramped, cluttered locations due toits lightness and small space requirement;Can generally fit through a standard door;Mechanical lifting of the worker and his tools;Easily adapts to the height of buildings.
Tveganja: potrebna je ravna nedrseča podlaga brez ovir;potrebna je prilagoditev na različne višine stavb, delolahko ovirajo nosilni elementi v notranjosti stavb;delavci morajo pred premikom zidarskega odrasestopiti z njega;če je uporabljena največja višina, je potrebna večjaobtežitev zidarskega odra ali povečanje osnovnepovršine;za preprečitev premikanja zidarskega odra sopotrebne blokirne naprave.
Example 2:Cleaning glass atria and roofs from the insideusing a tower scaffold
Čiščenje steklenih atrijev in drugih streh znotranje strani z uporabo trajno nameščenihnaprav za dostop
Safe workstation due to lateral protection, guaranteeingsafe access;
Če so naprave za dostop pravilno izdelane in setako tudi uporabljajo, z vidika varstva pri delu tveganj ni.
In general this method should be avoided, and shouldonly be used in exceptional situations.
Tej metodi se je načeloma treba izogibati in se lahkouporabi le v izjemnih razmerah.v
Ladders may be used only where it is impossible to carryout the work with any other type of equipment, e.g. fixedposition or tower scaffold or mobile elevated work platform (MEWP).
Lestve se smejo uporabiti le, kadar dela ni mogoče opraviti z drugimi vrstami opreme, npr. pritrjenim ali stolpnimodrom ali premično dvižno delovno ploščadjo (MEWP).
Risks:
Tveganja:
As a consequence, a small work area is covered, and there isa risk of musculoskeletal injuries as a result of badposture;No room on the ladder for cleaning equipment ortools.
Čiščenje steklenih atrijev in streh z notranjestrani z uporabo premične dvižne delovneploščadi (MEWP) z jamborom
Safe working platform for the worker;Possible to access nearly all locations in all positionsof the MEWP;Large radius of action from a given place;Can pass through doors (models fitted with tyres);Precise adjustment of the workstation;Can be used to cover large areas.
Tehnične značilnosti: delovna ploščad, varna za delavca;dostop mogoč skoraj do vseh lokacij pri vseh položajih premične dvižne delovne ploščadi (MEWP);velik obseg delovanja z določenega mesta;mogoče prepeljati skozi vrata (modeli,opremljeni skolesi); veliko tveganje za nezgode s hudimi padci;neergonomski delovni položaj z veliko obremenitvijonog;za zagotovitev varnosti je skoraj brez izjemepotreb-na uporaba ene roke;v razmerju do dosegljive delovne površine je potrebna velika nosilna površina;na tleh, kjer stoji lestev, ne sme biti ovir;zelo pogosto premikanje lestve, pri čemer mora delavec vsakič sestopiti in se nato nanjo znova povzpeti.
Limited duration of use;Need for the worker to be trained, competent andphysically fit.
Posledica tega je majhno delovno območje in zaradislabe drže obstaja tveganje za mišično-skeletnepoškodbe;na lestvi ni prostora za čistilno opremo ali orodje.
or k at a height)
PRIPOROČILA ZA DELO NA VIŠINI
Minimum roof slope needed to reach the workplace;Need for appropriate anchoring points in the roofconstruction or elsewhere, capable of withstandingthe dynamic stress caused should the worker fall;Need for two independent suspension arrangements:one working line (for positioning and support) andone for safety (emergency system);Need to upgrade the worker’s technical aptitudes byspecial training in working at a height using ropepositioning techniques and in particular in emergency procedures;Where there are one or more workers working in different workplaces at the same time, it is necessary toestablish, on the basis of the risk assessment, howmany workers are needed to ensure safety.
Na splošno morajo biti delavci, kiopravljajo začasnodelo na višini s pomočjo opreme, namenjene tovrstnemudelu, ustrezno usposobljeni za dela, ki jih bodo opravljali, in zlasti za reševanje v primerih nezgode.
Where more than one undertaking is working on thesame site, coordination must be established (see Article6(4) of Directive 89/391/EEC and Article 3 of Directive92/57/EEC).
Čiščenje steklenih atrijev in streh z notranjestrani z uporabo visečega sedeža (dostop povrvi in tehnike nameščanja)
Assessing the risks and putting in place the appropriatemeasures to eliminate or minimise the risks related tosimultaneous or successive work is essential for tempor -ary work at a height.
Delavci morajo običajno opraviti zadostno strokovno intehnično usposabljanje ter imeti zadostno strokovno znanje in izkušnje, ki se nanašajo na načrtovano delo,seznanjeni morajo biti z možnimi tveganji in ustreznimipostopki reševanja ter imeti sposobnost odkrivanja tehničnih okvar ali opustitev pri delu, ki ga opravljajo, in vrednotenja njihovega učinka na zdravje in varnost.
TRAINING WORKERS
Drugi pogoji:
Special attention to this point is advised where construction work is taking place:near overhead power lines or electrical installations;near an industrial activity (e.g. workshop or factoryin operation);in a very busy place (e.g. street, large store, etc.);at several superimposed levels (e.g. on two levels ofthe same scaffolding);where access and exit are difficult.
Za vsakega delavca je treba voditi osebno evidenco ousposabljanju, ki izkazuje opravljeno usposabljanje inpridobljene izkušnje.
Using coordination facilities:
omejeno trajanje uporabe;potrebna je usposobljenost, strokovnost in dobra telesna pripravljenost delavca.
Workers normally need sufficient professional and technical training and expertise, experience related to theplanned work, an understanding of potential risks andrelevant rescue procedures, and an ability to detect technical defects or omissions in the work carried out andevaluate their health and safety repercussions.
Delodajalci morajo ohranjati raven strokovnosti svojihdelavcev, tako da jim redno zagotavljajo programe usposabljanja.
Training should be provided in accordance with nationalrules.
V nekaterih primerih je morda potrebno popolno preusposabljanje, zlasti za uporabo opreme, ki vključuje novo tehnologijo, in/ali upoštevanje novih ali spremenjenih tveganj.
The coordination needed to eliminate or minimise therisks related to simultaneous or successive work must:be entrusted to a qualified person;be taken into consideration at the work planningstage;involve all the workers concerned, even if theybelong to different firms;give rise to effective communication through plans,dossiers, meetings, visits, appropriate instructions,etc.;evolve throughout the work.
potreben je kar najmanjši naklon strehe, ki omogočadostop do delovnega mesta;potrebna so ustrezna sidrišča v strešni konstrukciji alidrugod, ki vzdržijo dinamično obremenitev v primeru padca delavca;potrebna sta dva samostojna sistema za visenje:eden za opravljanje dela (za namestitev in oporo) ineden za varnost (zasilni sistem);treba je izboljšati tehnične sposobnosti delavca, insicer s posebnim usposabljanjem za delo na višini zuporabo tehnik nameščanja po vrvi in zlasti zapostopke za ravnanje v nujnih primerih;kadar na različnih delovnih mestih delo istočasnoopravlja eden ali več delavcev, je treba na podlagiocene tveganja za zagotovitev varnosti določiti število potrebnih delavcev.
The mere signing of risks is not a preventive measure assuch.
Kadar več podjetij opravlja delo na istem delovišču, jetreba poskrbeti za uskladitev (glejte člen 6(4) Direktive89/391/EGS in člen 3 Direktive 92/57/EGS).
It is the last step to be taken when a risk cannot beeliminated or minimised.
Od delavcev je treba zahtevati izvajanje varnih delovnihpraks in previdnost.
Workers can suffer injuries or fall ill at work.
Kar zadeva samo opremo, je treba posebno pozornostnameniti naslednjim, zelo pomembnim točkam:
It merely draws attention to a persistent risk, combined withother protection measures and contributing to their efficiency.
Za opravljanje začasnega dela na višini sta bistvenegapomena ocena tveganj in sprejetje ustreznih ukrepov zaodpravo ali kar največje zmanjšanje tveganj, povezanihs hkratnim ali zaporednim delom.
Emergency situations can also occur at the workplace.
Priporočljivo je, da ste na to točko posebej pozorni pri
Workers must be urged to adopt safe working practices andexercise caution.
Znaki proizvajalca:znaki, pritrjeni na napravah in opremi, ki ni sestavljenana delovišču, oziroma je sestavljena predhodno;oznake, ki se nanašajo na največjo dovoljeno obre-menitev;piktogrami, ki označujejo varnostne postopke, na primer uporabo osebne varovalne opreme proti tveganjem za padec.
As regards the equipment itself, special attention should bepaid to the following very important points:
Kar zadevauporabo opreme je treba znake pritrditi tudina zidarski oder med nameščanjem, postavljanjem, raz-
Manufacturer’s signs:
Uporaba sredstev usklajevanja:
Fixed signs on devices and equipment that have notbeen assembled on site or which have been pre-assembled;Indications relating to maximum permitted load;Pictograms indicating safety procedures, for instancethe use of personal protective equipment against therisks of falling.
Usklajevanje, potrebno za odpravo ali kar največjezmanjšanje tveganj, povezanih s hkratnim ali zapored-
As regards the use of equipment, it is also necessary toplace signs on scaffolding during installation, erection, dismantling and alteration:During erection and dismantling, it is necessary tocheck that parts which are not ready for use aremarked as such (see section 4.3.5 of the Annex to Directive 2001/45/EC);When using authorised scaffolding, it is essential tocheck that the manufacturer’s instructions are on theequipment and to comply with them, especially instructions relating to the type of scaffolding, the maximumpermissible load, etc.
K stavljanjem in spremembo:med postavljanjem in razstavljanjem je treba preveriti, da so deli, ki niso pripravljeni za uporabo, kottaki ustrezno označeni (glejte razdelek 4.3.5 Prilogek Direktivi 2001/45/ES);pri uporabi dovoljenega zidarskega odra je pomembno preveriti, ali so na voljo navodila proizvajalcaza uporabo opreme, in jih tudi upoštevati, zlastinavodila, ki se nanašajo na tip zidarskega odra, največjo dovoljeno obremenitev itd.
Signing of the presence of scaffolding and other equipment:
Postavitev znakov, ki opozarjajo na bližino zidarskegaodra in druge opreme: nim delom:je treba zaupati usposobljeni osebi;je treba upoštevati v fazi načrtovanja dela;mora vključevati vse zadevne delavce, četudi pripadajo različnim podjetjem;mora omogočati učinkovito komunikacijo s pomočjonačrtov, dokumentacije, sestankov, ogledov, ustreznih navodil itd.;mora potekati v okviru celotnega dela.
The objective here is to signal the presence of scaffolding orsections of it that are not yet ready for use, during erection,dismantling or alteration, in order to prevent risks that mightbe caused by access to this danger zone.
Cilj je, da se med postavljanjem, razstavljanjem ali spremembo opozori na prisotnost zidarskega odra ali njegovih delov, ki še niso pripravljeni za uporabo, da bi preprečili morebitna tveganja pri dostopu do tega nevarnega območja.
Council Directive 92/58/EEC of 24 June 1992 on the minimum requirements for the provision of safety and/or health signs at work,OJ L 245, 26.08.1992, p. 23.
Direktiva Sveta 92/58/EGS z dne 24. junija 1992 o minimalnih zahtevah za zagotavljanje varnostnih in/ali zdravstvenih znakov pridelu, UL L 245, 26.8.1992, str. 23.
Work at a height is of course very much influenced byweather conditions, especially when it takes place outside.
Na delovnem mestu lahko pride tudi do nujnih primerov.
MEDICAL FITNESS FOR WORK AT A HEIGHT
ZAČASNI DELAVCI
That is why the following measures are recommended:Choose and install your work equipment on the basisof the risks that could be caused or aggravated bychanges in the weather (e.g. overturning due towind, slipping and falls due to moisture or frost, electricity risk due to storms or the proximity of powerlines or electrical installations, deformation due toheat, etc.).From the design stage, consider improvements inworking conditions to cope with weather conditions(e.g. protection of accesses and workstations againstwind, rain, cold and sun, electrical insulation and/orearthing of equipment, etc.).Before the start of each day, check the weather forecast and do not hesitate to suspend work at heightwhen the expected weather is likely to jeopardise thesafety and health of workers (see section 4.1.6 of the Annex to Directive 2001/45/EC).
Delodajalec mora izvajati ukrepe za obveščanje in usposabljanje vseh delavcev, tudi začasnih delavcev, gledetveganj za zdravje in varnost ter ukrepe in dejavnosti zapreprečevanje nezgod in poklicnih bolezni in varovanjepred njimi.
It is therefore suggested that, for each job, a close relationship be established with the temporary work firm inorder to:prepare a data sheet concerning the workstation,summarising the hazards and risks of the job, the precautions to be taken, the personal protective equipment that the temporary worker should wear, and themedical monitoring required for the type of work;take the time to welcome temporary workers and provide information and training (workstation, workmethod, safety instructions, internal organisation,measures to be taken in the event of an accident,company rules, etc.);provide for effective monitoring of such workers andtheir tasks (support, supervision, evaluation).
Zaradi tega se priporočajo naslednji ukrepi:delovno opremo izberite in namestite glede na tveganja, ki jih lahko povzročijo ali povečajo vremenske spremembe (npr. prevrnitev zaradi vetra, zdrs inpadec zaradi vlage ali zmrzali, udar električnegatoka zaradi neviht ali bližine električnih vodov alielektričnih napeljav, deformacija zaradi vročine itd.);že v fazi načrtovanja proučite izboljšanje delovnihrazmer za obvladovanje vremenskih razmer (npr.zaščita dostopov in delovnih postaj pred vetrom, dežjem, mrazom in soncem, električna izolacija in/aliozemljitev opreme itd.);
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR WORK AT A HEIGHT IN OR NEAR ELECTRICITY
Delodajalec mora ravnati tudi v skladu s predpisi, standardi (zlasti EN 50110-1) in drugimi zakonskimi obveznostmi, ki neposredno vplivajo na delo na električnihnapeljavah in strojih.
Many operations and tasks on workplaces at a height arecarried out in or near electrical installations: power lines,transformer and distribution stations, radio and televisiontransmitters, etc.
Pred začetkom dela je treba opraviti ogled delovišča inugotoviti, ali se bo delo izvajalo na električnih napeljavah ali v njihovi bližini.
The following safety measures, listed in decreasing orderof importance, have proved effective:Eliminating the hazard by disconnecting or isolatingthe electrical installation or power line;Moving the power line before work starts, particularly if it is to be operational again when constructionwork ends;Erecting barriers to prevent access to the live installa-tions;Adapting work equipment and procedures to the situ -ation;The technical solution of earthing metal tools shouldalso be considered.
V skladu z nacionalno zakonodajo in/ali prakso je trebauvesti ukrepe za spremljanje zdravja delavcev, ki ustrezavarnostnim in zdravstvenim tveganjem.
Since many tasks are carried out while the installationsare live, the employer must take into account the additional electrical risk when assessing the risks associated withwork at a height.
To pomeni, da jetreba na željo vsakega delavca zagotoviti redne zdravstvene preglede. Glejte člen 14 Okvirne direktive89/391/EGS: