natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
It also believes that the success of the renewed strategy for growth and employment depends on its capacity to mobilise resources in all of the territories, cities and regions of the Union.”
Zato je njihovo okolje bolj občutljivo na podnebne spremembe, naravna tveganja in človeške dejavnosti kot drugje v EU.
In this respect, the regional players “feel assured, as they have already demonstrated the efficiency of this cohesion policy on the ground. (...)
Namen projekta Net-Biome je sodelovanje na področju raziskav biotske raznovrstnosti, da bi se razvile izvirne strategije in vzorci za trajnostno gospodarjenje, ki bi se lahko delili s celinsko Evropo in tretjimi državami v njihovi soseščini.
We aim to produce tangible results very quickly in time for the 2009 meeting.”
Kontaktni naslov: josiane.irissin-mangata@cr-reunion.fr
• Finally, the cohesion policy should step up action to enhance the provision of public goods in structurally weak regions by means of “the creation of efficient institutional and entrepreneurial environments, going beyond simply providing direct aid.”
Net-Biome je projekt 6. okvirnega programa za raziskave in tehnološki razvoj, ki prvič združuje sedem najbolj oddaljenih regij ter večino čezmorskih držav in ozemelj v tropskih in subtropskih območjih, ki pripadajo petim evropskim državam (Španiji, Franciji, Nizozemski, Portugalski in Združenemu kraljestvu).
In this sense, it “acts as an instrument of economic regulation which addresses market failures” and improves the way in which it works without replacing it.
Najbolj oddaljene regije ter čezmorske države in ozemlja predstavljajo izjemno biotsko raznovrstnost morja in kopnega, kar je glavni adut za
Twenty-seven national cohesion strategies
Regije v osrčju evropske pomorske politike
• Transport: EUR 76 billion, of which half is for trans-Eu-ropean transport networks.
Trajnostni rasti nasproti: evropska pristaniška politika
e twenty-seven “National strategic reference frameworks” (NSRFs) 2007-2013, presented to the Commission by the Member States, were adopted on 8 October 2007.
Komisija je v okviru svojega sporočila o celostni pomorski politiki 18. oktobra 2007 sprejela Sporočilo o evropski pristaniški politiki(1)
• Average rate of key investment provided for by the Lisbon Strategy: 62% within the convergence objective and 77% in the regional competitiveness and employment objective, constituting a total investment of EUR 215 billion (50 billion more than in 2000-2006).
, v katerem so vidni rezultati širokega posvetovanja med udeleženimi stranmi.
• Institutional capacity of public administrations: this priority forms part of almost all the NSRFs concerning the convergence objective with a total of EUR 3.6 billion.
• Posodabljanje pristaniške dejavnosti z vzpostavitvijo novih sistemov za pomorsko varnost in telekomunikacije.
Focused on the drawing up of and adherence to legislation, improving regulations (and in particular their simplifi ca-tion with regard to economic activities) and the creation of one-stop shops, it also aims to improve the quality and accessibility of public services.
Zlasti „e-pomorstvo” olajša upravno obravnavo plovbe in logistike.
• R & D and innovation: almost EUR 60 billion, of which two-thirds will go to SMEs. e proportion of this sum allocated to new Member States will be four times higher than in 2004-2006.
Nova avtomatizirana pristaniška oprema ima prav tako pomembno vlogo.
• Partnership: the various authorities, the economic and social partners and NGOs have actively taken part in the definition of strategies, the implementation of which will be more decentralised and should be more transparent and involve the partners to a greater extent.
Ne nazadnje je treba poenostaviti postopke za pomorski promet na kratkih razdaljah, da se ta spodbudi na notranjem trgu in se pospeši vzpostavljanje „morskih avtocest”.
• Energy efficiency: the states commit themselves to increasing their energy efficiency, developing renewable energy and alternative technologies with investment five times higher than previously for the convergence objective and four times higher for the competitiveness and employment objective.
• Določitev enakovrednih in preglednih predpisov za investitorje, izvajalce in uporabnike: vloga pristaniških oblasti, javno financiranje, pristaniške koncesije, teh-nično-navtične storitve (pilotaže, vleka…), upravljanje s tovorom, pristaniške pristojbine, konkurenčni boj s tretjimi državami.
• Entrepreneurial spirit: this is valued in all the NSRFs, particularly in services for SMEs.
• Vzpostavitev strukturiranega dialoga med pristanišči in mesti (glej članek).
• Coordination with other political communities: all the NSRFs define the mechanisms for the vital coordination between the Structural and Cohesion Funds and the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) and the European Fisheries Fund (EFF).
Evropska pristanišča se, ne glede na to, ali gre za pomorska ali rečna pristanišča, srečujejo z zapletenimi izzivi: naraščajoča potreba po prevozu; večje tehnološke spremembe (kontejnerski prevoz, telekomunikacije, informacije); okoljske potrebe, ki vključujejo intermodalno upravljanje prometa, pri katerem se spodbuja vloga pristanišč; potreba po dialogu med vsemi akterji, povezanimi s pristaniškimi dejavnostmi, vključno z mesti in regijami; in ne nazadnje upoštevanje predpisov Skupnosti, zlasti na področju preglednosti in konkurence.
• Human resources: the emphasis is placed on inclusion and the younger generations, with significant resources for the modernisation of education and training systems (in particular in the convergence objective) and for active labour market policies.
Da bi Komisija spodbudila pristaniški sistem, ki popolnoma prispeva k trajnostni rasti in zaposlovanju, si je zastavila akcijski načrt, ki na kratko zajema naslednje elemente:
(2) http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/06/693 & f ormat=HTML & aged=1 & language=EN & guiLanguage=en
• Razviti sektorski dialog o delu v pristaniščih in izboljšati pogoje za usposabljanje, varnost in zdravje.
• Environment and risk prevention: this is a priority everywhere with a total investment of EUR 51 billion.
• Izboljšati učinkovitost pristanišč in povezav z zaledjem.
Territorial cohesion - close to the ground, but with an integrated vision purely “rural” or “urban” strategies can lack a vital dimension of regional competitiveness,” constituted by “clusters”.
Čeprav lahko največja evropska pristanišča štejemo za učinkovita, številna pristanišča predstavljajo ozka grla z vidika zmogljivosti, povezav ali organizacije.
In the same way, the twin poles of growth and innovation should be included in the strategies “to ensure balanced development of the hinterland.”
Treba je zagotoviti celostno upravljanje prometne verige in raziskovati nove poti ter hkrati izvesti skrbno oceno pred izgradnjo novih infrastruktur.
It remains “as important as ever,” said Danuta Hübner.
• Povečanje zmogljivosti ob upoštevanju okolja.
Returning to the notion of integrated policy, Mrs Hübner underlined its key role in areas such as innovation and territorial cohesion. e latter is set to be enshrined in the Treaty in the same way as economic and social cohesion.
Komisija bo objavila smernice, da se bodo okoljske direktive (habitati, ptice, voda, odpadki) lažje uporabile pri ureditvi pristanišč.
However, the Commissioner often has “the impression that territorial cohesion is seen from a geographical perspective,” where the territory is divided into small, separate entities instead of looking at the bigger picture.
Gre tudi za namestitev ustreznih objektov za ravnanje z odpadki, zagotovitev ustreznega upravljanja vodnih teles in sedimentov ter za boj proti podnebnim spremembam in onesnaževanju zraka.
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As well as regulating the climate of the planet, the sea provides employment for five million Europeans and constitutes a source of jobs, particularly in sectors such as renewable energy and telecommunications.
V začetku 19. stoletja se je v Združenem kraljestvu pojavil koncept sodobnega pristanišča: z vidika infrastruktur, tehnologije, tehnik pretovarjanja tovora in upravljanja so bila pristanišča, kot sta londonsko in liverpoolsko, predhodnika, ki sta postala vzornika za konkurenčna pristanišča na celini.
on the need for an integrated maritime policy and the iden-tifi cation of specific needs in this area. e results surpassed expectations, with almost 500 written contributions from governments, regions, private companies, unions, NGOs and ordinary citizens being sent to the ad hoc maritime policy task force created to draw up and monitor this new policy within the Directorate-General for Fisheries and Maritime Affairs. airs.
Čeprav se projekti razlikujejo, imajo skupno lastnost: mestu vrniti zapuščena in neuporabna pristaniška območja, da se v njih uredijo prostori za pisarniške, stanovanjske in razvedrilne namene, pristaniške dejavnosti pa se preselijo ven, daleč od mestnega središča. Dober primer te preobrazbe je projekt „HafenCity” v Hamburgu: s prihodki od prodaje stavb neposredno ob obali v starem pristanišču blizu središča mesta se je lahko financiral ultrasodoben kontejnerski terminal Alternweder na južnem bregu Elbe.
is trend now seems to have been reversed thanks to the launch of the new integrated European maritime policy initiated by the Barroso Commission in the framework of its 2005-2009 strategy. e implementation of this policy involves several stages, beginning with a consultation phase.
Najpogosteje bo opazil samo vodno površino, po kateri občasno plujejo čolni in izletniške ladje, nabrežja, urejena v sprehajališča, doke, spremenjene v turistične zanimivosti, in stara skladišča, preurejena v priljubljena podstrešna stanovanja.
e green paper for an EU maritime policy, presented in June 2006, initiated a major 13-month consultation process
Ta trend naj bi se nadaljeval, zlasti za kontejnerski prevoz, kjer naj bi se ohranila visoka rast.
(1) Policy officer and assistant policy officer in the maritime policy task force, DG Fisheries and Maritime Affairs, European Commission o 23 _BAR_ p. 7 _BAR_
(1) Generalni sekretar Organizacije evropskih morskih pristanišč (ESPO). E-pošta: pverhoeven@espo.be – Spletna stran: www.espo.be
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Regions at the heart of European maritime policy consultation document on motorways of the sea and maritime transport without frontiers, communication on destructive fishing practices, communication on the review of social maritime regulation, working document on the maritime energy policy etc.
Regije v osrčju evropske pomorske politike omejujejo širitev pristanišč, zaradi česar so ta prisiljena, da se vrnejo nazaj v mesta, da bi tam obnovila nekdanja območja pristaniških dejavnosti.
It could be argued that the majority of the measures would have been adopted by the Commission’s services in any case.
V ta namen je še precej neizkoriščenih možnosti za ustanovitev partnerstev s turističnimi, rekreacijskimi in kulturnimi sektorji ter sektorjem za dediščino, da se meščane seznani s svetom pristanišč in pomorskega prometa.
But the whole aim of the European integrated maritime policy is to coordinate these in order to meet a global objective of planned development. is concern was expressed in the consultation process on the green paper, and this is why the “maritime affairs” structure of DG Fisheries should be confirmed and its powers increased in the near future.
V času Mednarodnega kodeksa o zaščiti ladij in pristanišč (ISPS) in drugih zaščitnih ukrepov je to poseben izziv, ki zahteva določeno ustvarjalnost s strani upravljavcev pristanišč.
e action plan, which should be adopted by the Council of Ministers in December 2007, is really the “bible” of the new European maritime policy.
Evropska komisija je 18. oktobra 2007 objavila novo sporočilo o pristaniški politiki Skupnosti(2).
It sets out some thirty measures categorised under five main objectives:• To encourage sustainable exploitation of the seas and oceans;• To create a basis of knowledge and innovation for maritime policy;• To provide better quality of life in the coastal regions;• To promote the leading position of the Union in international maritime aff airs;• To increase the visibility of maritime Europe.
To sporočilo v primerjavi s prejšnjimi pobudami pripisuje velik pomen trajnostnemu razvoju pristanišč in hkrati priznava potrebo po večji pravni jasnosti glede uporabe okoljske zakonodaje EU.
Some of these measures are “structural,” i.e. they concern traditional policies of the Union. at is the case with the communications on ports policy, which comes under transport policy, and on the fight against undeclared and unregulated illegal fishing, which comes under the common fisheries policy.
Evropski pristaniški organi, združeni v okviru ESPO, z zadovoljstvom pozdravljajo napoved Komisije, da bo pripravila smernice za uporabo te zakonodaje pri razvoju pristanišč.
e road map determined by the action plan sets out a packed timetable which anticipates the implementation of most of the measures during the course of 2008 or by the start of 2009 at the latest.
Čeprav so lokalni in pristaniški organi prvi odgovorni za vključitev pristanišč v mesta in mestno življenje, ima lahko Evropska komisija pri tem vlogo katalizatorja, ki podpira dobre prakse in skupno učenje.
Some measures have already been set out through the publication of documents: working document on maritime clusters, communication on ports policy,
Njen predlog, da se vsako leto organizira dan „odprtih vrat” pristanišč, je dober primer partnerstva, ki bi se lahko razvilo med pristaniškimi organi in mestnimi oblastmi v Evropi.
Regions at the heart of European maritime policy e outermost regions: Europe’s great expanse
Regije v osrčju evropske pomorske politike
It appears that the outermost regions have every interest in the introduction of a European maritime policy. Within the framework of the INTERREG IIIC South programme, they have developed a RUPMER project as their contribution to the green paper on the matter. e drawing-up of this policy in particular involves international considerations for these regions.
Grozdi so lahko ključni instrument velikopotezne pomorske politike, saj hkrati omogočajo konkretne rezultate na področju tehnoloških inovacij in gospodarski razvoj ozemelj.
e outermost regions still have relatively well preserved fish stocks, which allows for planned development of fishing.
umeščajo med cilje lizbonske strategije, saj ta priznava veliko pomembnost inovativnih politik.
Protection of the marine environment in the outermost regions implies the inclusion of information on this subject in European databases for the creation of a future atlas of the sea. e promotion of specialist research in the outermost regions (renewable energy, blue biotechnology, climate change, risk prevention) requires the setting-up of a network between their R & D organizations and those of the rest of Europe.
S sklicevanjem na celotni izraz v angleščini (ang. cluster)pomeni beseda „grozd” skupino podjetij v istem sektorju, ki so najpogosteje prisotna na istem področju zaposlovanja. Po navedbah Michaela E.
Finally, fishing illustrates the need for a policy adapted to the geographical context of the outermost regions in order to contribute to their own development, as well as to the joint management of sustainable resources with neighbouring third countries.
Portera isz Harvardske univerze je grozd „koncentracija medsebojno povezanih podjetij, specializiranih dobaviteljev, izvajalcev storitev in povezanih ustanov (univerz, trgovskih združenj …)”.
with the Lisbon and Gothenburg objectives for sustainable development.
Različne oblike „povezovanja v grozde”
In this respect, the outermost regions form a unique zone at the fringes of the Union for sustainable co-develop-ment by all territories of their respective maritime basins.
Inovacije so nujnost na pomorskem področju, zlasti za sektorje ladjedelništva in logistike (gradnja in dobava ladje sta plod dela široke mreže dobaviteljev), izkoriščanja morskih energetskih in bioloških virov (pridobivanje nafte v globokem morju, izkoriščanje obnovljivih energij, ki jih zlasti proizvedejo tokovi, valovi in plimovanje, razvoj novih molekul, ki izhajajo iz morske biotske raznovrstnosti ...), varnosti, nadzora in ne nazadnje okolja: preprečevanje tveganj, boj proti učinkom podnebnih sprememb, razvoj trajnostnega turizma, ki se umešča v zaščito obale.
e communication on an integrated maritime policy, which raises in particular the possibility of an integrated approach for each of the three maritime basins concerned, and the importance of the outermost regions in terms of R & D, indicates the right course to follow.
Poleg tega, da so grozdi nosilci inovacij, prav tako omogočajo, da se na regionalni ravni ohranijo pomorsko znanje in izkušnje Evropske unije, saj po definiciji hkrati združujejo akterje industrije in poklicnega usposabljanja.
(1) Article 299-2 of the Treaty.
Morebitno pomanjkanje
(2) OCT: some twenty territories which constitutionally belong to four Member States (Denmark, France, Netherlands, United Kingdom) without being part of the territory of the EU or being independent states.
Ta združenja podjetij in strokovnjakov, ki segajo v vse sektorje dejavnosti, imajo lahko različne oblike.
NET-BIOME: research for the sustainable development of the outermost regions versity, which is a major benefit to their sustainable development (agriculture, fishing, tourism).
Tako je na pomorskem področju treba razlikovati med nacionalnimi grozdi (ki so pogosto prenosniki mnenj za nekatere pomorske panoge ali poklice) in regionalnimi grozdi (ki se v Franciji imenujejo „poli konkurenčnosti”).
However, their environments are more vulnerable to climatic changes, natural risks and human activity than the rest of the EU.
Zadnji se posvečajo razvoju pomorskega gospodarstva z inovacijami in zbliževanjem raziskav, izobraževanja in industrije.
Net-Biome aims to ensure cooperation in research into biodiversity to develop original sustainable-management strategies and models that can be shared with continental Europe and their neighbouring third countries.
Spremljajo raziskovalne projekte (zasnova projekta, iskanje partnerjev in financiranja), spodbujajo dostop malih in srednje velikih podjetij do novih trgov in se tako v celoti
Contact: josiane.irissin-mangata@cr-reunion.fr
(1) Analitik politik, Evropska komisija, GD za regionalno politiko, Enota „Tematski razvoj, vpliv”.
In the wake of its communication on an integrated maritime policy, the Commission adopted a commu- waste, ensuring the clean management of waters and sediments, and combating climate change and air pollution.
Na Finskem se je v okviru programa strokovnih centrov, ki ga je uvedel Državni svet za obdobje 2007–2013, oblikovalo 13 grozdov.
(1) nication on a European ports policy on 18 October
Prednostna področja ukrepov zadevajo materiale in tehnologije predelave, internacionalizacijo sektorja, varnost in okoljska vprašanja ter razvoj podjetij.
2007 that reflects the results of extensive consultation with the parties involved.
Pet strokovnih centrov, ki združujejo proizvajalce in raziskovalce na najvišji ravni, dejavno sodeluje v tem grozdu, ki ga koordinira Koneteknologiakeskus Turku Oy.
• Modernising port activity by introducing new maritime safety and telecommunications systems.
Namen strategije grozda je spodbuditi oblikovanje inovativnih dejavnosti, proizvodov in storitev; izboljšati produktivnost in delo v mreži; povečati ponudbo kvalificirane delovne sile.
Online maritime transport, in particular, facilitates the administration of navigation and logistics. New automated port equipment also plays an important role. ere are grounds for simplifying the procedures concerning short-haul maritime transport in order to encourage its use in the internal market and to foster the creation of “motorways of the sea.”
Tako si prizadeva za spodbujanje naraščanja naložb v raziskave in razvoj ter povečanje sposobnosti podjetij, izmenjavo in centralizacijo informacij, organizacijo posebnih ukrepov, internacionalizacijo in sodelovanje malih in srednje velikih podjetij.
• To establish fair and transparent laws for investors, operators and users: the role of the port authorities, public finance, port concessions, technical nautical services (piloting, towing), handling of cargo, port dues, competition with third countries.
Kontaktni naslov: Mervi Pitkänen, direktor programa. mervi.pitkanen@koneteknologiakeskus.fi kvalificiranih pomorščakov bi namreč lahko imelo alarmantne posledice, zlasti za infrastrukture za varnost pomorskega prevoza.
Whether they are located on the coast or on rivers, Europe’s ports are faced with complex challenges: increasing demand for transport; major technological changes (container transport, telecommunications, computerisation); environmental requirements, including the intermodal management of forms of transport where the role of the ports is favoured; the need for dialogue between all the players concerned with port activities, including cities and regions; and finally, adherence to community rules, in particular with regard to transparency and competition.
Evropska podpora pri oblikovanju tehnološke platforme WATERBORNE(1), ki združuje glavne akterje na področju pomorskega prometa. Cilj je po tematskih skupinah (ladjedelništvo, plovba, sistemi, varnost ...) opredeliti dolgoročno vizijo v sektorju, ki je – za svoj razvoj – odvisen od večjega tehnološkega napredka.
In order to foster a port system that contributes fully to sustainable growth and employment, the Commission has drawn up an action plan that contains the following elements:
Cilj te platforme je tudi uskladiti prednostne naloge evropskih pomorskih raziskav s potrebami industrije (podpora grozdov je del tega).
• To establish a structural dialogue between the ports and the cities (see article).
Evropska unija spodbuja razvoj pomorskih grozdov na več načinov. Najprej je Evropska komisija leta 2005 sodelovala
• To develop sectoral dialogue on employment in the ports and to improve training, safety and hygiene conditions.
Cilj je do konca leta 2007 imeti na voljo vseevropski zemljevid za vse evropske države in hkrati odkriti pobude, ki se izvajajo na področju povezovanja v grozde na nacionalni in regionalni ravni.
• To improve the performance of the ports and relations with the hinterland.
Komisija je prav tako vzpostavila določeno število mrež na področju raziskav in inovacij, katerih cilj je bil pogosto izmenjava dobre prakse.
While the largest European ports may be considered efficient, many ports are affected by bottlenecks in terms of capacity, connections and organisation.
Da bi Komisija spodbudila to sodelovanje med evropskimi grozdi in pospešila ustanovitev novih projektov s celinsko razsežnostjo, je julija 2007 pripravila Evropsko opazovalnico grozdov (še vedno v okviru pobude EUROPE INNOVA).
It is necessary to ensure integrated management of the transport chain and to look at new routes, while carrying out careful evaluation of the construction of new infrastructure.
Naloga te opazovalnice bo zbiranje statističnih podatkov, razvoj kazalcev za merjenje
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The ports in transition
Pomeranija, „Jantarjeva dežela”
In order to achieve growth and sustainable development, ports and cities must once again become partners.
dinamike evropskih grozdov in ocena učinka nacionalnih in regionalnih politik povezovanja v grozde.