natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
“the term “Community enterprise” is defined in article 2(6) of the TBR as a company or firm formed in accordance with the law of a Member State and having itsregistered office, central administration or principal place of business within the Community, directly concerned by the production of goods or the provision ofservices which are the subject of the obstacle to trade.
Pojem “podjetje Skupnosti“ je opredeljen v členu 2(6) UTO kot družba ali podjetje, ki je bila ustanovljena v skladu s pravom države članice in ima sedež, osrednjo upravo ali glavno poslovno enoto v Skupnosti in ki jo proizvodnja blaga ali opravljanje storitev, ki so predmet trgovinske ovire, neposredno zadeva.
This means for example that a subsidiary can lodge a complaint under the TBR whereas a branch cannot.
To na primer pomeni, da lahko hčerinsko podjetje vloži pritožbo po UTO, medtem ko je podružnica ne more.
However, this route is not confined to a single enterprise, or group of enterprises, and can equally be used byan associationthat acts on behalf of one or more of its members.
Ta pot pa se ne omejuje le na posamezno podjetje ali skupino podjetij, temveč jo lahko uporablja tudi združenje, ki deluje v imenu enega ali več svojih članov.
Many complaints have been lodged byeither national associations of the EU Member States or by European associations and have covered a varietyof industry sectors.
Veliko pritožb, ki zajemajo različna industrijska področja, so vložila nacionalna združenja držav članic EU ali evropska združenja.
For instance ANAPA, the Spanish National Association of owners of deep-sea longliners, or Febeltex, the Belgian textile federation have brought cases on behalf of their members.
ANAPA, špansko nacionalno združenje lastnikov globokomorskih parangalk, ali Febeltex, belgijsko združenje za tekstil, sta na primer sprožila spore v imenu svojih članov.
Similarly CESA (the Committee of European Union Shipbuilders associations) lodged a complaint with the Commission under thisroute.
Podobno je po tej poti vložila pritožbo pri Komisiji CESA (Odbor Združenj ladjedelničarjev Evropske Unije).
The TBR differs from other trade policy instruments such as antidumping or anti-subsidies where thecomplainant must represent a major proportion of the EU industry.
UTO se razlikuje od drugih instrumentov trgovinske politike, kot so protidampinški ali protisubvencijski, kjer mora pritožnik zastopati večinski delež industrije EU.
Indeed, the TBR is the only trade policyinstrument which gives the rightto an individual company to present a complaint to the European Commission.
Vsekakor je UTO edini instrument trgovinske politike, ki da je posameznemu podjetju pravico do pritožbe na Evropsko komisijo.
Second track: Trade barriers with an effect on the EU market
Druga pot: Trgovinske ovire z vplivom na trg EU
Under this track, a complaint can be lodged by an EU industry or professionally recognised/accreditedassociation acting on its behalf, which has suffered material injuryfrom trade barriers having an effect on the EU market.
Po tej poti lahko pritožbo vloži industrija EU ali strokovno priznano/akreditirano združenje, ki deluje v njenem imenu, če je utrpela materialno škodo zaradi trgovinskih ovir z vplivom na trg EU.
Article 2(5) of the TBR defines the term “Community industry”.
Člen 2(5) UTO opredeljuje pojem “industrija Skupnosti“.
As a rule, the second track is only open forproducers that account for a major proportion of total Community production of identical, similar or directlycompeting goods or services and who have been affected by the trade barrier.
Praviloma je druga pot odprta le za proizvajalce, ki predstavljajo velik delež celotne proizvodnje Skupnosti enakih, podobnih ali neposredno konkurenčnih izdelkov ali storitev in jih je prizadela trgovinska ovira.`
So far, there have been only four cases which have considered material injury in the EU market, as well asadverse trade effects in a third country market.
Doslej so samo štirje primeri obravnavali gmotno škodo na trgu EU in škodljive učinke na trgovino na trgu tretje države.
No TBR case has been based exclusively on injury in the EUmarket.
Noben primer UTO ni temeljil izključno na škodi na trgu EU.
In part this is due to the fact that distortions in the EU market are normally best addressed through theantidumping and countervailing duty instruments.
To je deloma posledica dejstva, da se izkrivljanja na trgu EU običajno najbolj učinkovito rešujejo s protidampinškimi instrumenti in instrumenti izravnalnih dajatev.
In addition to industries, associations or individual enterprises, EU Member States could also lodge acomplaint in respect of either of the above types of obstacles to trade.
Poleg industrij, združenj ali posameznih podjetij, bi lahko države članice EU vložile pritožbo tudi proti zgoraj navedenim vrstam trgovinskih ovir.
However to date none of them havechosento do so.
Vendar se zato doslej ni odločila nobena izmed njih.
How the system operates in practice: the TBR procedure
Kako sistem deluje v praksi:Postopek UTO
The procedure under the TBR operates broadly as follows:
Postopek UTO je v splošnem naslednji:
Lodging of a complaint
Vložitev pritožbe
Assuming that you have been affected by a trade barrier, what should you do next?
Domnevno ste prizadeti zaradi trgovinske ovire, kaj storiti?
Do you, for examplehave to launch a formal proceeding without having had the opportunity to discuss your problem with the Commission?
Ali naj na primer sprožite uradni postopek, pri čemer nimate možnosti, da bi o problemu razpravljali s Komisijo?
The answer is no, and in fact the Commission would always advise you to contact them in order to discuss thecase and to consider the various options that might be available to you.
Odgovor je ne, saj bi vam Komisija pravzaprav vedno svetovala vzpostavitev stika z njo zaradi razprave o primeru in proučitve različnih možnosti, ki bi vam lahko bile na voljo.
The Commission Service responsiblefor the Trade Barriers Regulation falls under the Directorate General for Trade.
Služba Komisije, odgovorna za uredbo o trgovinskihovirah spada pod Generalni direktorat za trgovino.
The contact details are givenbelow.
Podatki, potrebni za navezavo stikov, so navedeni spodaj.
Contacts prior to the lodging of a complaint should be directed to Head of Unit F2 (Legal Aspects of Trade Policy).
Pred vložitvijo pritožbe navežite stike z vodjo enote F2 (Pravni vidiki trgovinske politike).
The formal complaint must be submitted to the Commission in writing at the following address:
Uradna pritožba se predloži Komisiji v pisni obliki na naslov:
Decision on admissibility
Odločba o dopustnosti
When your formal complaint is received by the Commission, the first step will be to send it to the EU Member States for their comments which will be conveyed back to the Commission.
Ko Komisija prejme vašo uradno pritožbo, jo najprej pošlje državam članicam EU v pripombe, ki se nato posredujejo nazaj Komisiji.
Under the Regulation the Commission has to decide whether the complaint is admissible within 45 days of your complaint being lodged.However this deadline may be extended at your request, if you require further time to provide furtherinformation.
Komisija mora v skladu z Uredbo odločiti o dopustnosti pritožbe v 45 dneh po njeni vložitvi. Vendar je mogoče ta rok na vašo zahtevo podaljšati, če potrebujete več časa za pridobitev dodatnih informacij.
If the Commission considers that you have provided sufficient evidence to justify initiating anexamination procedure and that it would be in the Community’s interestdo so, the Commission will confirmto you that your case has been accepted and that an investigation will be launched.
Če Komisija meni, da ste zagotovili zadostne dokaze za utemeljitev začetka preiskave in da je to v interesu Skupnosti, vam bo potrdila, da je vaš primer sprejet in da bo preiskava uvedena.
At the same time the Commission’s decision will be published in the Official Journal of the EU in order to inform all those that maybe affected by the barrier, including the country having imposed it.
Istočasno bo odločitev Komisije objavljena v Uradnem listu EU, da se obvesti vse, ki jih je ovira morda prizadela, vključno z državo, ki jo je izvajala.
So how do you convince the Commission that your case warrants action under the TBR?
Kako torej prepričati Komisijo, da je vaša zadeva upravičena do obravnave po UTO?
What do you need toprovide in order that the Commission’s decision will be in favour of launching an investigation?
Kaj morate zagotoviti, da bo odločitev Komisije v korist začetka preiskave?
The TBR regulation requires that a complaint, in order to be considered admissible, must “contain sufficientevidence of the existence of the obstacle to trade and of the injury or adverse trade effects resulting therefrom.”In layman’s terms this means that there are three elements that need to be established: the existence of the measure; the evidence that the measure is contrary to international obligations (right of action)
Uredba UTO zahteva, da mora pritožba, če naj se šteje za dopustno, “vsebovati zadostne dokaze o obstoju trgovinske ovire in škodi ali škodljivih učinkih na trgovino, ki izvirajo iz nje.“ Laično to pomeni, da morajo biti za zagotovljeni trije elementi: obstoj ukrepa; dokaz, da je ukrep v nasprotju z mednarodnimi obveznostmi (pravica do ukrepanja);
These terms will be explained in greater detail in later sections.
Ti pojmi bodo podrobneje pojasnjeni v naslednjih poglavjih.
A step-by-step guide will take youthrough the kinds of information you will be expected to provide when lodging your complaint.
Postopna navodila vas bodo popeljala po vrstah informacij, ki jih boste morali priskrbeti za vložitev pritožbe.
You may also wonder what is meant by Community interest.Why should this factor into the Commission’sdecision when the obstacle is affecting you?
Morda se tudi sprašujete, kaj pomeni interes Skupnosti. Zakaj naj bi bil to dejavnik pri odločitvi Komisije, če vendar ovira zadeva vas?
There are many possible reasons why an examination procedurewould be in the interest of the Community.
Obstaja veliko možnih razlogov, zakaj bi bil postopek pregleda v interesu Skupnosti.
Reasons may include the guarantee that trading partners fullycomply with their international obligations, the safeguard of access of Community products to third countrymarkets, the protection of economic interests within the Community against practices incompatible withinternational trade rules.
Razlogi lahko vključujejo zagotovilo, da trgovinski partnerji v celoti izpolnjujejo svoje mednarodne obveznosti, zaščito dostopa izdelkov Skupnosti na trge tretjih držav, varstvo gospodarskih interesov v okviru Skupnosti pred praksami, ki so nezdružljive z mednarodnimi pravili trgovanja.
However, the Commission may decide not to initiate an examination procedure wheresuch action does not appear to be in the interest of the Community.
Vendar pa se lahko Komisija odloči, da ne bo začela postopka pregleda, kadar se izkaže, da to ni v interesu Skupnosti.
So far though, the Commission has nottaken such a decision.
Doslej Komisija ni sprejela takšne odločitve.
See Section “How to prepare a complaint?”
Glej poglavje “Kako pripraviti pritožbo?“.
Investigation and report
Preiskava in poročilo
During the investigation period the Commission will gather and verify all the relevant information frominterested parties.
Komisija v obdobju preiskave zbere in preveri vse potrebne informacije zainteresiranih strank.
This could, for example mean obtaining the various rules and regulations that a country hasimposed.
To lahko na primer pomeni pridobitev raznih pravil in predpisov, ki jih je država izvajala.
It could also involve talking to industry associations, Government Departments etc… in the countrywith whom you have been experiencing problems.
Vključuje lahko tudi pogovore z industrijskimi združenji, vladnimi oddelki itd. v državi, kjer ste naleteli na težave.
The Commission will be keen to hear the views of allinterested parties and will endeavour to start discussions with the authorities of the third country concernedin order to see whether the trade barrier could be removed.
Komisija bo z zanimanjem prisluhnila pogledom vseh zainteresiranih strank in si bo prizadevala za začetek pogovorov z organi zadevne tretje države, da bi preverila, ali je mogoče trgovinsko oviro odpraviti.
In other words the investigation is used in partto “test the water”as to possible remedies whilst at the same time gathering all the information that wouldbe required to allow a proper analysis of the complaint.
Z drugimi besedami, preiskava se deloma uporablja za “preskušanje terena“ za morebitno odpravo in preprečitev ovir, hkrati pa tudi za zbiranje vseh potrebnih informacij za ustrezno analizo pritožbe.
Of course throughout this process you would be in contact with the Commission team following your caseand your continued involvement would be necessary in order to achieve the best possible result.
Ves čas postopka ste seveda v stiku z ekipo Komisije, ki sledi vaši zadevi, in vaša stalna udeležba je nujna za dosego čim boljšega rezultata.
You might,for instance, be required to provide sensitive information that you would not want to see falling into the handsof your competitors.
Od vas bi se lahko na primer zahtevale občutljive informacije, za katere ne bi želeli, da pridejo v roke vašim konkurentom.
This is one of the fears we often hear, but you need not worry as Article 9 of the TBR
To je ena izmed bojazni, ki jo pogosto slišimo, vendar je skrb odveč,
Such provides for the specific treatment of confidential information supplied during the investigation(information will not be disclosedat any stage without your prior approval and authorisation.
Te informacije saj člen 9 UTO predpisuje posebno obravnavo zaupnih informacij, pridobljenih v preiskavi ( ne bodo razkrite v nobeni fazi brez vaše predhodne odobritve in dovoljenja.
So how long will this all take?
Kako dolgov se to traja?
The investigation should not last more than five months, unless its complexity is such that the Commissionextends the period to seven months.
Preiskava naj ne bi trajala več kot pet mesecev, razen, kadar zaradi njene zapletenosti Komisija podaljša rok na sedemmesecev.
At the end of the investigation, a confidential report will be submittedto the Member States and a public version of the report will also be made available.The investigation is a crucialphase of the TBR procedure, since it: helps to clarify the factual and legal issues, thus strengthening a possible WTO action,
Ob koncu preiskave se zaupno poročilo predloži državam članicam, na voljo pa je tudi javno besedilo poročila.
It may encourage a third country to solve the trade obstacle at stake (for example, in the case “Korealegislation on cosmetics”, negotiations in the course of the investigation permitted to abolish previousburdensome pre-market procedures).
Preiskava je ključna faza postopka UTO, ker: pomaga pojasniti dejanska in pravna vprašanja in tako okrepiti morebitno ukrepanje STO, ahko tretjo državo vzpodbudi k rešitvi pereče trgovinske ovire (na primer v zadevi “Korejska zakonodaja o kozmetiki“ so pogajanja med preiskavo omogočila odpravo prejšnjih obremenjujočih predtržnih postopkov).
The investigation report will normally include the following elements: a factual analysis of the third country practice; a legal analysis of the third country practice (incompatibility with WTO rules); an examination of the adverse trade effects on the market of the third country and/or of the injury on the market of the Community and their impact on the economy of the Community; the conclusion and envisaged course of action.
Poročilo o preiskavi običajno vsebuje naslednje elemente: dejansko analizo prakse tretje države; pravno analizo prakse tretje države (neskladnost s pravili STO); pregled škodljivih učinkov na trgovino na trgu tretje države in/ali škode na trgu Skupnosti in njihov vpliv na gospodarstvo Skupnosti; sklep in predviden potek ukrepov.
The TBR provides that no information of a confidential nature received pursuant to the Regulation or any information provided on a confidential basis by a partyto an examination procedure shall be revealed without specific permission from the party submitting this information.
UTO določa, da se nobena informacija zaupne narave, ki je bila prejeta v skladu z Uredbo, ali katera koli informacija, ki jo je na podlagi zaupnosti dala stranka v postopku pregleda, ne razkrije brez izrecnega dovoljenja stranke, ki je to informacijo dala.
How to prepare a complaint?
Kako pripraviti pritožbo?
In this section we will be looking at what you will need to do once you have decided,following informal contacts with the Commission, that you want to proceed with lodginga formal complaint.
V tem poglavju si bomo ogledali, kaj morate storiti potem, ko ste se na osnovi neuradnih stikov s Komisijo odločili, da želite nadaljevati z vložitvijo uradne pritožbe.
The Commission service in charge of the implementation of the TBR is Unit F2 (Legal Aspects of Trade Policy) of the Directorate General for Trade.
Služba Komisije, odgovorna za izvajanje UTO, je Enota F2 (Pravni vidiki trgovinske politike) Generalnega direktorata za trgovino.
You can reach us either through DG Trade’s website: http://ec.europa.eu/trade/issues/respectrules/tbr/index_en.htm or by e-mail: trade-tbr@ec.europa.eu
Dosegljivi smo na spletni strani GD za trgovino: http://europa.eu.int/comm/trade/issues/respectrules/tbr/index_en.htm ali po elektronski pošti: trade-tbr@ec.europa.eu
The following elements will need to be included when submitting your written complaintto the Commission:
Pri vložitvi vaše pisne pritožbe na Komisijo morajo biti vključeni naslednji elementi:
Identification of the complainant and definition of the goods or services affected by the obstacle to trade
Identifikacija pritožnika in opredelitev blaga ali storitev, prizadetih s trgovinsko oviro
Identification of the complainant
Identifikacija pritožnika
Your Company’s Name and address, legal status.
Naziv in naslov vašega podjetja, pravni status.
What does your company do?
S čim se ukvarja vaše podjetje?
A short general presentation will be sufficient i.e. an indication of your business activity, including figures on your turnover, production levels, number of employees, marketshares in both the home (EU) and overseas markets.
Zadostuje kratka splošna predstavitev, tj. navedba vaše poslovne dejavnosti, vključno s podatki o vašem prometu, obsega proizvodnje, števila zaposlenih, tržnih deležev na domačem (EU) in čezmorskih trgih.
Link with the product, which is the subject of the obstacle to trade (producer, producer of a competingproduct, transformer, importer, exporter).
Povezava z izdelkom, ki je predmet trgovinske ovire (proizvajalec, proizvajalec konkurenčnega izdelka, preoblikovalec, uvoznik, izvoznik).
Identification of the product (or service) which is being adversely affected by the trade barrier you want to have challenged
Identifikacija izdelka (ali storitve), na katerega je imela trgovinska ovira, ki jo izpodbijate, škodljive učinke
Description of the product (or service) and customs code (CN) to eight digits.
Opis izdelka (ali storitve) in tarifna oznaka (KN) z največ osmimi številkami.
Production, sales and imports and exports of the product or service by your company.
Proizvodnja, prodaja ter uvoz in izvoz izdelka ali storitve vašega podjetja.
You will need to provide as much evidence of the existence of an obstacle to trade as possible.
To pomeni, da mora pritožba vključevati ustrezne elemente za prikaz obstoja trgovinske ovire.
This means thatthe complaint should include sufficient elements in order to demonstrate the existence of the obstacle to trade The evidence required may depend on whether the complainant argues that a law or regulation is contrary to WTO obligations (de jure cases), for example by the imposition of an import ban, or whether the complaint isbased on the actual application of a regulation or on the impact on the market of certain measures or practices,such as subsidies (de facto cases).
Zahtevani dokazi so lahko odvisni od tega, ali pritožnik trdi, da zakon ali drug predpis nasprotuje obveznostim STO (pravne zadeve), na primer z izvajanjem prepovedi uvoza, ali pa pritožba temelji na dejanski uporabi uredbe ali na vplivu nekaterih ukrepov ali praks, kot so subvencije (dejanske zadeve), na trg.
For de jure violationsevidence of the existence of the measure (e.g. the text of the law or regulation) wouldusually suffice.
Za pravne kršitve bo običajno zadoščal dokaz o obstoju ukrepa (npr. besedilo zakona ali drugega predpisa).
For de facto violations, i.e. when it is the enforcement of the legislation or administrative practices thatcreate barriers to trade (example: non-transparent or burdensome customs valuation procedures), the complainant should provide any available evidence of its claim such as letters or faxes from salesagents, importers, clients…confirming the existence of a trade practice and the involvement of publicauthorities in such a practice.
Za dejanske kršitve, tj. kadar trgovinsko oviro ustvarja izvajanje zakonodaje ali upravnih postopkov (primer: nepregledni ali obremenjujoči postopki carinskega vrednotenja), pritožnik priskrbi vse razpoložljive dokaze o svoji trditvi, kot so pisma ali faksimili prodajnih zastopnikov, uvoznikov, strank itn., ki potrjujejo obstoj trgovinske prakse in vpletenost državnih organov v to prakso.
For example, complainants in the past have provided us with declarationsfrom importers and or from their customs agents, examples of import files and declarations from users of the product.
Na primer, pritožniki so nam v preteklosti predložili izjave uvoznikov in ali njihovih carinskih uslužbencev, primerke uvoznih dokumentov in izjave uporabnikov izdelkov.
This list is not exhaustive and requirements are flexible.
Ta seznam ni izčrpen in zahteve so prilagodljive.
TBR cases cover a very wide array of obstacles so that each case is an individual problem, which need to betreated specifically.
Zadeve UTO obsegajo zelo široko paleto ovir, tako da je vsaka zadeva individualna in jo je treba obravnavati posebej.
In this respect, the Commission services can help in identifying the issues to be addressed.
S tem v zvezi lahko službe Komisije pomagajo pri identifikaciji vprašanj, ki naj se obravnavajo.
Existence of a right of action of the Community under international trade rules
Obstoj pravice do ukrepanja Skupnosti na podlagi mednarodnih pravil trgovanja
In order to fulfil this requirement you will need to invoke the relevant international trade rules under which thecontested practice of the third country appears to be unlawful.
Za izpolnitev te zahteve se boste morali sklicevati na ustrezna mednarodna pravila trgovanja, po katerih se sporna praksa tretje države kaže kot nezakonita.
You will see that Article 2 of the Regulationdefines “international trade rules”as primarily those established by the WTO or since February 2008, thosecontained in bilateral Free Trade Agreements.
Opazili boste, da člen 2 Uredbe opredeljuje “mednarodna pravila trgovanja“ kot prvenstveno tista, ki so določena v okviru STO, od februarja 2008 pa tudi tista, ki jih vsebujejo dvostranski sporazumi o prosti trgovini.
How then are you expected to know whether any of the rules have been violated?
Kako naj torej veste, ali je bilo kršeno katero izmed pravil?
Well, as we have pointed outearlier, this kind of concern would be addressed when you first approach the Commission prior to lodging yourcomplaint, and we would assist you by helping to identify the legal questions that would need to be addressed
Torej, kot smo poudarili prej, to skrb izrazite, ko se prvič obrnete na Komisijo pred vložitvijo vaše pritožbe, in pomagali vam bomo identificirati pravna vprašanja, ki jih je treba obravnavati, da boste lahko uveljavili pravico do ukrepanja na podlagi ustreznih mednarodnih pravil
Do you need to engage a lawyer to help you?
Ali morate najeti odvetnika?
Again this will depend on the complexity of the case and inpractice, certain complaints have been prepared by the complainants themselves without the need of using alawyer and others have not.
To je spet odvisno od zapletenosti zadeve in v praksi so nekatere pritožbe pripravili pritožniki sami, brez pomoči odvetnika, drugih pa ne.