natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
All levels will have to embrace a new perspective and commit themselves to a sustainable energy policy.
Prva proizvodnja elektrike s pomočjo geotermične energije pa sega v leto 1904 (Italija).
e basis of a sustainable energy policy
Danes geotermično energijo uporabljajo skoraj po vsej Evropi.
Energy efficiency, renewable energy sources and innovative energy technologies are the cornerstones of a sustainable energy policy and greater security of supply, as well as being an important factor for job creation.
V pokrajinah, kjer se globoko pod površjem nahajajo vodne plasti, kot na Madžarskem ali v Franciji, in na območjih z izviri tople vode, lahko geotermična tehnologija izkorišča različne temperaturne ravni.
If European decisions and international agreements on reducing CO
V nekaterih regijah namreč predstavlja osnovo za razvoj te panoge.
2 emissions are to translate into results then the important initiatives already taken at European level must be given new impetus.
Njihova uporaba bi lahko bila izredno zanimiva za jug Evrope, toda trg se še ni pričel razvijati v to smer, v nasprotju z jugom Združenih držav in Kitajske.
However, much can also be done at regional level. e renewable energy sources available at this level can make a major contribution to regional economic development.
Leta 2004 je bilo v Evropi na osnovi geotermične energije proizvedenih skoraj 7 TW (7 milijonov MW) elektrike, od tega 75 % v Italiji. Proizvodnja toplote geotermičnega izvora v okviru EU-25 je znašala 21,4 TW/leto. V vodstvu je Švedska (približno 45 %), sledita ji Madžarska
While regional energy strategies are implemented in the context of European integration, the role of regions as economic players is also becoming increasingly important and therefore, regions must work to create an overall framework which is conducive to action.
Za več informacij: Evropski svet za geotermično energijo (EGEC), http://www.egec.org
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Energy and regional development presents considerable economic and ecological opportunities, particularly in the new Member States, with their largely unexploited potential for improved energy effi -ciency and use of renewable energy.
Energetika in regionalni razvoj ampak prispevata tudi k ustvarjanju in ohranjanju delovnih mest.
It is only through ambitious action at regional level that these opportunities can be realised.
masa in voda (2001/77/ES), zastavila ambiciozen cilj: delež „zelene“ elektrike zvišati na 22 % do leta 2010.
Proximity of the different players, as well as the opportunity for enhanced coordination of actions and respect for local needs and specificities are all elements that lend importance to regional energy activities.
Poleg zakonskega okvira lahko uporabnike stavb in druge akterje s področja gradbeništva pritegnemo tudi z ustreznimi strategijami obveščanja.
To achieve European and international objectives, top-down measures (Kyoto objective, European directives) must be coupled with a bot-tom-up approach to provide qualitative and quantitative support for the objectives pursued.
Ker so regije bližje državljanom in gospodarskim akterjem, morajo dati svoj prispevek pri zagotavljanju energetsko učinkovitih, trajnostnih in za bivanje prijetnih stavb.
Energy plays a key role in meeting European objectives for growth, jobs and sustainable development.
Tako se lahko Komisija osredotoči na svoje politične in institucionalne naloge.
It is for this reason that in the spring of 2006, the European Commission presented a Green Paper on energy (see box), with a view to achieving the objectives of a secure, competitive and sustainable energy supply.
IEEA zaposluje 43 oseb v Bruslju in tesno sodeluje z Generalnim direktoratom za energijo in promet.
Improvements in energy efficiency and in the use of ecoenergies hold out much promise for regional economies and regional development: in addition to greater security of supply and ecological benefits they can also be the source of new investments, products and jobs.
Program Inteligentna energija za Evropo (1), ki se je izvajal med letoma 2003 in 2006 s proračunom 250 milijonov evrov, je financiral 50 % stroškov evropskih ukrepov za dobavo in uporabo trajnostne energije (obnovljivi viri energije, energetska učinkovitost, energija za transport).
In the longer term, it will, and must be possible to break the link between economic growth and energy consumption, with increases in GDP no longer accompanied by a corresponding increase in energy consumption.
Ni pa financiral materialnega dela projektov. Program se bo nadaljeval tudi v obdobju 2007–2013 v okviru Okvirnega programa za inovativnost in konkurenčnost.
) Eurobarometer survey, carried out in 2005 in the 25 EU Member States and candidate countries.
V obdobju 2007–2013 se bo program IEE nadaljeval v okviru Okvirnega programa za inovativnost in konku- renčnost (PIC) (3), ki podpira mala in srednja podjetja s celo vrsto ukrepov za spodbujanje rasti, zaposlovanja, eko-inovacij in varovanja podnebja.
(*) COM(2006) 105 final. e Green Paper and the questionnaire are available at the following website: http://ec.europa.eu/comm/energy/green-paper-energy/index_en.htm
Program IEE že podpira več kot tisoč organizacij v več kot 200 mednarodnih projektih, približno 35 novih agencij na lokalni ali regionalni ravni in skoraj 40 evropskih prireditev.
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Energy and regional development an important tool for achieving the aforementioned objectives and preparing concrete measures.
Energetika in regionalni razvoj
Energy efficiency: more for less
Osebne izkušnje so tiste, ki ustvarjajo razmere za spremembe vedenjskih vzorcev.
Biomass, an opportunity for the regions e Biomass Action Plan, presented by the European Commission at the end of 2005 (COM (2005) 628 final), is
Osebna zavzetost ustvarja še boljše rezultate, če je predanih posameznikov več in če se strinjajo glede zastavljenih ciljev.
But such investment also presents an exceptional opportunity for jobs and growth in Europe: experts estimate that exploiting this energy efficiency potential could contribute, directly or
Družbeni dejavnik prav tako prispeva k sprejemanju in upoštevanju zakonskih predpisov in nasvetov strokovnjakov.
A directive to promote the use of biomass in heat production should also be prepared.
Informacije moramo posredovati ob primernem času in na primernem kraju.
Research also has an important role to play. e EU forestry sector has established a platform within the 7th Research Framework Programme (2007–14) that provides for major investment in research and development in this field. field.
Komunikacijski instrumenti (informacija, nasvet, izobraževanje …) so bolj učinkoviti, če jih ustrezno povežemo z zakonskimi in finančnimi instrumenti (obdavčenje, finančne spodbude).
Forests also play an essential role in supporting biodiversity and facilitating recreational activities.
Učinkovita povezava najrazličnejših političnih instrumentov omogoča hitro preoblikovanje trga.
is is, however, a long-term project.
Regionalne strategije
By-products of the forestry industry (bark, sawdust, black liquor, (*) etc.) and recovered wood also off er great potential and are already used in many countries, especially in the context of an integrated forestry industry. e paper industry and sawmills can generally produce more energy than they consume.
V številnih regijah Evrope že zdaj izvajajo zgledne strategije in koncepte trajnostnega razvoja.
By-products that are not needed for their own energy production can be sold on the biomass fuel market.
Povsod poskušajo izboljšati energetsko učinkovitost in povečati uporabo trajnostne energije.
e industrial exploitation of the forest resource is just over 50 %.
Hidroenergija brez meja: jez na reki Nestos med Grčijo in Bolgarijo.
However, greater efforts also need to be made to exploit by-products from logging.
Palermo (Italija): proizvodnja elektrike iz zemeljskega plina.
For an increased use of wood for energy, operators require a properly functioning market. In countries where this market is underdeveloped, temporary aid should be forthcoming.
in zelene energije, bodo v prihodnosti poplačane s stabilnimi cenami goriv in uspešnimi podjetji na tem področju.
rials to industry.
Človek v središču
2 would be a good way of making wood more competitive on the energy market.
Zato je treba izvajanje ukrepov prilagoditi različnim skupinam, ki so jim ukrepi namenjeni.
To find out more: http://www.eesc.europa.eu/sections/ten/index_en.asp?id=1001tenen
Visoko raven ozaveščenosti glede energetskih tem je mogoče doseči samo s stalnim obveščanjem.
(*) Substance recovered after cooking the paper pulp and containing lignin.
Poznavanje možnosti za uspeh spodbuja pozitiven odnos oziroma vedenje, ki v veliki meri prispevata k temu uspehu.
Almost 30 % of EU forests are still unexploited and the forest stock has been expanding for the past 50 years. ere is a lack of awareness of this potential that must be corrected by information campaigns, exchanges of good practice and technology transfers. ere is a need to take better stock of available forestry resources and to provide more information on its possible uses at all levels: by households, businesses and municipalities. Many modern
Podroben opis strateških programov in planov za varčevanje z energijo je zagotovo nujno potreben strokovnjakom, ki sprejemajo odločitve, toda navadnih ljudi to ne zanima.
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Energy and regional development indirectly, to the creation of a million new jobs and that the average European household would save between EUR 200 and 1 000 per year.
Energetika in regionalni razvoj
e building sector: a reservoir for energy efficiency ciency
Vetrna energija na morju: nova meja memb in cen energije, pač pa tudi za to, da ustvari nova delovna mesta.
Ireland has published a ‘National Wind Atlas’ to help promote the wind energy sector.
To še posebej velja v primerih nekaterih pomorskih in obalnih območij, ki jih je prizadelo propadanje tradicionalnih dejavnosti, kot sta ribolov in ladjedelništvo.
e contribution of cogeneration to regional development
Pričakujejo, da bo gradnja vetrnih elektrarn na morju v kratkem doživela razmah in da bo proizvodnja vetrne energije v EU do leta 2010 dosegla 5 do 10 %.
The Green Paper on Energy Efficiency presents cogeneration as the most important energy saving technology currently available, while the European Climate Change Programme cites it as the best single measure the EU can introduce to meet the climate objectives laid down in the Kyoto Protocol.
Ker je EU vodilna na svetovnem trgu vetrnih turbin, katerih proizvodnja se večinoma nahaja v Evropi, in ker gre za sektor, ki ima višji koeficient delovne sile kot sektor fosilnih goriv, so vetrne elektrarne na morju donosna možnost za mnoge regije.
In a report drawn up for the Dutch EU Presidency, PriceWaterhouseCoopers concluded that it was the most profitable solution for meeting climate and energy security objectives.
Če želimo kar najbolj izkoristiti vetrno energijo in ohraniti vodilni položaj Evrope, moramo več investirati v raziskave in brez odlašanja razviti evropsko politiko izkoriščanja vetrne energije na morju, kar je Komisija predlagala že leta 2004.
Cogeneration is the simultaneous production of electricity and thermal energy.
Eden od poglavitnih problemov proizvodnje energije na morju je infrastruktura.
It can be applied to any technology that uses fuel to produce electricity. e determining factors are the size and location of the plant.
S tega vidika bi lahko strukturni skladi odigrali osrednjo vlogo.
Placing a cogeneration plant close to industry, an urban centre or other occupied buildings allows for good efficiency gains.
Postaviti moramo omrežja za prenos na morju proizvedene elektrike, ki bodo zmogla zadovoljiti povpraševanja jutrišnjega trga, na katerem bodo vetrna energija, valovi in plimovanje imeli vedno večjo vlogo.
Cogeneration generally permits energy savings of between 10 and 30 % compared with non-cogeneration and similar results in terms of reduced carbon emissions
Ta omrežja, ki bodo izkoriščala veliki potencial obnovljivih virov energije, pa bodo prispevala k boljšemu delovanju notranjega trga elektrike, kar EU še kako potrebuje.
The development of cogeneration is now supported by an EU Directive (2004/08/EC) requiring each Member State to assess the potential for cogeneration in their own country and to remove any obstacles to its exploitation, providing financial support if necessary.
Vetrne elektrarne na morju imajo dvojno prednost: izkoriščajo hitrejše in bolj predvidljive vetrove in se hkrati izognejo potencialnim konfliktom z drugimi uporabniki zemljišč.
It is, therefore, an opportune time to consider the role of cogeneration.
Donos vetrne energije je na morju za približno 40 % višji kot na kopnem.
Cogeneration is also cited as a preferred option in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme, in the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive and in all the supporting measures for biomass, both in the Renewable Energy Directive and the Biomass Action Plan.
To pomeni, da bi bil kW vetrne energije, proizveden na morju, cenejši od tistega, proizvedenega na kopnem. Toda trenutno je izgradnja vetrne elektrarne na morju draga investicija.
As a highly efficient means of heating, cooling and producing electricity (‘trigeneration’), it is an effective means of substantially reducing the emission of greenhouse gases and other pollutants and thus improving the sustainability of Europe’s energy sector.
Jasno pa je, da bodo možnosti za zmanjševanje stroškov srednjeročno večje pri vetrnih elektrarnah na morju, ker podjetja še niso izkoristila vseh učinkov prihranka zaradi obsega dejavnosti, niti niso pridobila pridobila zadostnih spretnosti in veščin. Počakati je treba na razmah trga.
Industry, district heating and buildings can all be equipped with cogeneration systems, fuelled by biofuels or conventional fuels.
Za več informacij: http://www.ewea.org
Indeed, many of the projects implemented in Romania, for example, are cogeneration plants.
(*) Megavati (milijoni vatov): merska enota za moč elektrike.
In Hungary, nearly all of the new electricity production units employ cogeneration, a substantial proportion of which are small community heating projects.
Na primer, 1 kW (tisoč vatov) ustreza moči mikrovalovne pečice.
To find out more: COGEN Europe, European Association for the Promotion of Cogeneration, http://www.cogen.org
EU ima očitno veliko priložnost, ne samo da poišče rešitev za probleme zanesljivosti preskrbe, podnebnih spre-
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In many regions we are already seeing a clear trend towards building more energy efficient buildings and using renewable energies.
Več kot petdeset inovativnih regij sodeluje v okviru Fedarene, evropske zveze regionalnih agencij za energetiko.
But not all the potential for energy savings is being exploited and, in quantitative terms, fossil fuels remain a very important source of energy.
Poglavitni dejavnosti zveze sta izmenjava informacij med regijami in sodelovanje na področju energetike.
Appropriate standards can help to encourage energy effi -ciency in buildings and also present a major opportunity for the regional construction sector.
Na začetku tisočletja se soočamo z novimi in zanimivimi izzivi: naša energetska poraba in vplivi na okolje so prišli do kritične točke, kar zahteva odločnejše ukrepanje.
In this context, the desire to improve energy efficiency is the point of departure for the use of renewable energies.
Poskrbeti je treba za učinkovito izvajanje že sprejetih energetskih strategij, še zlasti v luči evropskih smernic in mednarodnih sporazumov.
Better thermal insulation of buildings and the use of innovative technologies not only bring benefits in terms of comfort but can also help create and protect jobs.
Spremenjeni vzorec, ki je postavil povpraševanje pred ponudbo, bo energetske strategije še bolj približal potrebam in željam porabnikov.
In the construction sector, in addition to the legal framework, corresponding information strategies also play a key role in mobilising the users of building as well as the many other sectoral interests.
Regije, ki so podpisale deklaracijo „Evropske regije za energetsko učinkovitost in obnovljive vire energije“ (pobudnika sta bila Energiesparverband iz Zgornje Avstrije in Fedarene), so dokazale svojo zavezanost energetski učinkovitosti in obnovljivim virom energije.
Given their proximity to the citizens and economic operators, the regions are also required to play their part in the creation of buildings that are effi -cient, sustainable and comfortable.
K pobudi je pristopilo več kot 20 regij iz vse Evrope, zastavile pa so si konkretne cilje na področju uporabe obnovljivih virov energije.
Geothermal energy in Europe lowed by Hungary and Italy (10 % each).
Vlade sprejemajo ukrepe za razvoj biogoriv.
Appropriate technology can make it possible to use this renewable geothermal energy, and not only in volcanic regions.
V sodelovanju z industrijo iščejo čim večje koristi za okolje (s pomočjo popolne analize celotnega življenjskega ciklusa proizvoda).
In fact, Europe has a long tradition of using this energy, from the time of the Roman baths and villas to the first geothermal electricity plant, constructed in Italy in 1904.
Poleg tega ne smemo pozabiti na odločilen dejavnik, ki industriji omogoča uresničevanje projektov, in sicer regionalne sisteme finančne pomoči.
French caviar from Mios (Aquitaine) or Greek asparagus harvested in January owe their existence to geothermal energy.
Industrija jih je dolgo zahtevala, ti pa so izpolnili pričakovanja.
Geothermal energy is now used throughout Europe.
Za več informacij: http://www.argentenergy.com/
As a result of R & D on ‘Stimulated Geothermal Systems’, the use of high temperatures outside of natural geothermal fields is now possible, as demonstrated by the European research project in Soultz-sous-Forêts, in Alsace. In basins that have deep aquifers, found in Hungary or France, and in areas with hot springs, geothermal technology can operate at different temperature levels.
V okviru projekta postavitve evropske pilotne tovarne na manj razvitem območju so marca 2005 iz destilacijske kolone nove tovarne Argent Energy na Škotskem (VB) proizvedli biodizel.
Geothermal energy can have very interesting applications in agriculture and in some regions it constitutes the very basis for its development.
Gorivo so testirali v dobro opremljenih laboratorijih tovarne, da bi ocenili, ali ustreza kriterijem evropskega standarda EN14214 za biodizel, druge vzorce pa so poslali v neodvisne laboratorije.
Geothermal pumps can also be used for air conditioners and generally prove much more efficient than conventional devices. is presents excellent prospects in southern Europe, where the market is not yet as developed as it is in the southern United States or China.
Rezultati so bili pozitivni in sodelujoči v projektu so svoje zaupanje v to tehnologijo okronali z uspehom.
In 2004, about 7 TWh (7 million MWh) of electricity were produced in Europe from geothermal energy, of which Italy accounted for about 75 %. e production of heat from geothermal energy was 21.4 TWh/year for the EU-25, with Sweden leading the field (about 45 %), fol-
Kot primarno surovino niso uporabili običajnega rastlinskega olja, temveč živalske maščobe iz mesnopredelovalne industrije, pa tudi odpadno jedilno olje iz gospodinjstev. V času, ko EU spodbuja uvajanje biogoriv na trg, so želeli dokazati, da je te vire energije mogoče na donosen način in v velikem merilu spremeniti v gorivo visoke kakovosti.
To find out more: European Geothermal Energy Council (EGEC), http://www.egec.org
V okviru tega sektorja, ki je v polnem razmahu, se razvija več tehnologij.
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Energy and regional development ments to promote its development and to remove administrative obstacles.
Energetika in regionalni razvoj
Green electricity, contributing to sustainable regional development
Estonija, Grčija, Italija, Latvija, Litva, Poljska, Češka
In the directive to promote electricity production from renewable energy sources such as the wind, sun, biomass and water (2001/77/EC), the EU has set itself an ambitious goal: that ‘green’ energy will meet 22 % of the EU’s electricity needs by 2010.
Christian Epp, koordinator projekta ukrepov na evropski, nacionalni in regionalni ravni.
Specific targets have also been set for each Member State, according to their potential, current achievements and other factors.
Druga faza predvideva izvajanje pilotnih projektov, in sicer v osmih regijah, ki predstavljajo velik potencial na področju obnovljivih virov energije.
Since 2001, the market has grown at a very different rate from one Member State to another, depending on the levels of ambition and also on the choices made, in particular with regard to the instru-
Projekti bodo predmet okvirne sheme po posameznih regijah, od zasnove, načrtovanja in izvajanja decentraliziranih ukrepov.
Here again, the regions have a key role to play in helping to achieve objectives. is is because most successful projects originate at local or regional level and it is only at this level that many obstacles to market development can be removed.
Projekt „Energy 4 Cohesion“ (Energija za kohezijo), ki ga podpira program Inteligentna energija za Evropo (IEE), se je začel 1. januarja 2006 in bo trajal do 31. junija 2008.
Also, regions that achieve growth in the green electricity market stand to benefit from the new jobs that can result — especially for SMEs and independent energy producers — as well as from potential export opportunities.
Projekt združuje trinajst družb in institutov, ki imajo izkušnje v sektorju obnovljivih virov energij in podeželskega razvoja, prihajajo pa iz enajstih držav članic EU.
Regions that invest now in a sustainable and green infrastructure will be rewarded tomorrow with stable energy prices and strong energy companies.
Pomaga jim sedem podpogodbenikov, ki delajo v ciljnih regijah, in devet strateških partnerjev, ki prispevajo k političnemu dialogu in pomagajo pri upravljanju projekta.
by 50 % when the next batch of contracts is signed later this year.
Opredelili bodo „dobre prakse“ v smislu financiranja in sodelovanja.
e Intelligent Energy — Europe (IEE) programme: converting policy into practice e current IEE programme(1) runs from 2003 to 2006, with a total budget of EUR 250 million, and supports up to 50 % of the costs of European actions promoting the supply and use of sustainable energy (renewable energy, energy efficiency and energy for transport).
Teh osem ciljnih regij je: Zlin (Češka), Limbazi (Latvija), Velky Krtis (Slovaška), Kaunas (Litva), Poviat Nowa Sol (Poljska), Evros (Grčija), otok Saaremaa (Estonija) in Alta Locride (Italija).
It does not finance ‘hardware’, however. e programme will continue in the period 2007–13 within the framework programme for competitiveness & innovation. Since 2005, the IEE programme has been managed by the Intelligent Energy Executive Agency — IEEA, the new agency established by the Commission to translate policies into action with greater efficiency and improved results, leaving the Commission to concentrate on its policy making and institutional tasks.
Izkušnje drugih regij kažejo, da lahko takšni decentralizirani projekti, povezani z obnovljivimi viri energije, prinesejo gospodarske in okoljske koristi tudi oddaljenim podeželskim območjem.
The IEEA employs 43 staff in Brussels and works closely with the Directorate-General for Energy and Transport(1).
Poglavitna ovira pa ostaja pomanjkanje dodeljenih finančnih sredstev, saj gre pogosto za majhne projekte.
The 4th IEE call for proposals was published on 29 May 2006, with a submission deadline of 31 October and a budget of around EUR 50 million.
Lokalne agencije za energetiko in razvoj bodo torej pripravljale prilagojene pakete financiranja v okviru kohezijske politike.