natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Usually the person who conducts the interview gives the applicant time to ask questions at the end of the interview.
Po navadi oseba, ki vodi razgovor, prosilcu nameni čas za spraševanje ob koncu razgovora.
In general, each interview has a specic structure.
Na splošno ima vsak razgovor poseben potek.
At this stage, the main goal of the person who conducts an interview is to give information to the applicant about the conditions of the meeting, job, range of duties, etc.
V tej fazi je cilj osebe, ki vodi razgovor, predvsem, da prosilcu zagotovi in- formacije o pogojih sestanka, delovnem mestu in dolžnostih. Bistveno je s prosilcem ustvariti dobro vzdušje.
(ii) Exploration of job experience: At this stage the main goal is to acquire information about the following things from the applicant: personal data, work experience, education, profession, etc.
(ii) Podatki o delovnih izkušnjah: V tej fazi je glavni cilj od pro- silca pridobiti naslednje informacije: osebne podatke, delovne izkušnje, izobrazbo, poklic.
Mainly factual questions are asked.
Vprašanja se večinoma nanašajo na dejstva.
(iii) Interpretation of facts: This stage consists of an interpretation of the facts collected during the second stage.
(iii) Razlaga dejstev: V tej fazi se razlagajo dejstva, navedena v drugi fazi.
The persons who conduct the interview ask applicants about their opinion and interpretation of the facts from the educational and work sector and how it inuences the job oer.
Osebe, ki vodijo razgovor, zaprosijo prosilce za mnenje in razlago dejstev glede izobrazbe in dela ter kako ta vplivajo na ponujeno zaposlitev.
Furthermore, it helps them to see the candidate’s motivation, the attitudes they have and the value they attach to the job.
Poleg tega jim je to v pomoč pri ugotavljanju kandidatove motivacije, odnosa in pomena, ki jih ima zanje to delovno mesto.
(iv) Personal opinions, thoughts, point of view: During this stage, candidates give their personal opinion and show the way they think in relation to work decisions made (the employer or person who conducts the interview asks questions about the motives for personal decisions and the family situation).
(iv) Osebna mnenja, misli, stališča: V tej fazi kandidati predstavijo svoje osebno mnenje in razmišljanje glede odločitev v zvezi z delom (delodajalec ali oseba, ki vodi razgovor, postavlja vprašanja o motivih za osebne odločitve in družinskih razmerah).
It is, therefore, a summarising stage.
Ozračje na razgovorih ali preizkusih naj bi bilo prijateljsko. Med razgovorom je verjetno najtežje ustvariti odkrito ozračje. Ozračje je rezultat čustvene vpletenosti obeh strani, ki sodelujeta na razgovoru.
Building an atmosphere based on openness is probably the most dicult aspect when running the interview. The atmosphere is created by the emotional involvement between partners interacting with each other.
Na razgovoru se po navadi pričakuje naslednje vedenje:•dejavno sodelovanje,•ustvarjalnost,•komunikativnost,•profesionalnost,•samozavest.
The following attitudes are usually expected during the interview:•involvement;•creativity;•communicativeness;•professionalism;•self-esteem.The ratio between non-professional and professional items during the interview is 20:80 respectively.
Razmerje med nepoklicnimi in poklicnimi temami je 20 : 80.
A person should gather as much information as possible about the company where they are applying for a job.
Prosilec naj poišče čim več informacij o podjetju, v katerem se želi zaposliti. Motivacija je bistvena za dobrega delavca.
This means that during the interview each person should explain their motivation for the job and answer the questions (what they can do, what they know or who they are).
To pomeni, da mora na razgovoru pojasniti svojo motiviranost za to delo in odgovoriti na vprašanja (kaj zna delati, kaj vse ve ali kdo je).
This kind of information shows professionalism, self-esteem and creativeness on the part of the applicant.
Te informacije kažejo prosilčevo profesionalnost, samozavest in ustvarjalnost.
In Poland there are laws against discrimination on grounds of sex, age, disability, race, ethnic origin, nationality, sexual orientation, political beliefs, religious aliation or trade union membership.
Na Poljskem veljajo zakoni proti diskriminaciji zaradi spola, starosti, invalidnosti, rase, narodnosti, nacionalnosti, spolne usmerjenosti, političnih prepričanj, verske pripadnosti ali članstva v sindikatu.
During the interview an applicant should answer all the questions.
Prosilec mora na razgovoru odgovoriti na vsa vprašanja.
However, he or she has a right to refuse to answer discriminatory questions.
Vendar pa ima pravico, da ne odgovarja nadiskriminacijska vprašanja.
Questions about your sexual preferences, political allegiance, pregnancy, religion are not acceptable.
Vprašanja o spolni usmerjenosti, političnem prepričanju, nosečnosti in veri niso sprejemljiva.
The most common questions are:•Could you tell me something about yourself?•Why are you applying for this job?
Najpogostejša vprašanja so:•Mi lahko poveste kaj o sebi?•Zakaj ste se prijavili na to delovno mesto?•Opišite svojo motivacijo za delo.•Lahko naštejete svoje prednosti?•Lahko naštejete svoje slabosti?•Zakaj ste se odločili za to izobrazbo?•Kaj vam pomeni, da ste na delovnem mestu mobilni in ustvarjalni?•Kje se vidite čez pet let? •Kakšno plačilo pričakujete?
In each interview there are also some tricky questions:•What will you be doing in five years’ time? •Please describe how you would solve a conflict situation at work.•Please describe what you usually do during your spare time.•What are your salary expectations?•Do you intend to have a family? •Do you smoke?
Na vsakem razgovoru je tudi nekaj kočljivih vprašanj:•Kaj boste delali čez pet let? •Opišite, kako bi rešili konflikt na delovnem mestu.•Opišite, kaj ponavadi počnete v prostem času.•Kakšno plačilo pričakujete?•Načrtujete družino? •Kadite?
If you were told that the representative of the employer would contact you after the interview and the deadline has already passed, call the employer and ask for the result of the interview.
Če se s predstavnikom ali delodajalcem dogovorite, da bo stopil z vami v stik, pa tega ne stori v dogovorjenem roku, ga lahko pokličete in se pozanimate o rezultatu razgovora.
There is nothing wrong with asking. It proves that you are interested in this job.
S tem ni nič narobe in samo dokazuje, da se res zanimate za to delovno mesto.
If you are not accepted by the employer, you may ask for the reason for this decision.
Če vas delodajalec ne zaposli, se lahko pozanimate o razlogih za to odločitev.
Try to find out what factors made them decide to reject you.
Poskusite izvedeti, zaradi katerih dejavnikov vas je zavrnil.
This will help you in future to avoid the mistakes that you made.
To vam bo pomagalo, da se boste v prihodnje izogibali takim napakam.
Remember, practice makes perfect.
Ne pozabite – vaja dela mojstra.
The more job interviews you attend the more chances you have that will enable you to ‘sell’ yourself.
Čim več razgovorov se boste udeležili, boljše možnosti za uspeh boste imeli.
An employment contract is a very popular type of contract in Poland.
Pogodba o zaposlitvi je na Poljskem zelo priljubljena oblika pogodbe.
It is also the most favourable contract as regards
Je tudi najugodnejša, kar zadeva dodatne pravice, tako imenovane pravice zaposlenega.
additional rights, the so-called employee’s rights. All the issues related to employment contracts are regulated by the Labour Code Act.
•delodajalca ne sme prepričevati, naj razkrije informacije, ki so zakonsko zavarovane;•varovati mora zasebnost pridobljenih informacij.
Both sides (employers and employees) have the right to negotiate.The employer is obliged to:•give an honest presentation of the requirements regarding the job offer•treat all candidates equally•not persuade an employee to reveal information protected by law•protect the privacy of information obtained.
Delodajalec lahko stori tudi naslednje:•kandidata zaprosi za informacije o prejšnji zaposlitvi;•od kandidata zahteva, naj opravi postopek zaposlovanja in izbire, vključno s psihološkimi testi.
The employer may also:•ask the candidate to give information about previous employment•put the candidate through the recruitment and selection procedure, including psychological tests.
Zaposleni mora:•dati vse podatke in informacije o delovnem statusu;•opraviti psihološke teste med izbirnim postopkom.
In turn, the employee is obliged to:•give all the data and information regarding work status;•do the psychological tests during the selection procedure.
Zaposleni lahko tudi:•dobi informacije v zvezi s prostim delovnim mestom;•dobi informacije o pravicah in obveznostih v zvezi s prostim delovnim mestom;•zavrne odgovor na diskriminacijska vprašanja.
The employee may also: •receive information regarding the position vacant;•receive information on rights and obligations related to the vacancy;•refuse to answer discriminatory questions.
Plačni pogoji so določeni v:•sporazumih podjetij ali kolektivnih pogodbah (med delodajalci in dejavnimi sindikati v podjetju);•plačnih predpisih (za delodajalce z vsaj 20 zaposlenimi, za katere ne velja sporazum podjetja ali kolektivna pogodba);•pogodbah o zaposlitvi.
Employees are usually paid per unit of time worked: an hour, a day or a month. In some cases piecework may be used, where employees are paid per units of work completed.
Skladno z izobrazbo in izkušnjami lahko pričakujete tudi privlačne plačne pakete, vključno z neobveznimi ugodnostmi, kot so boni za prehrano, pokojninsko zavarovanje, zdravstveno zavarovanje, božičnica, nagrada za posebne dosežke in uspehe ter spodbujanje osebnega razvoja, zlasti če ste zaposleni v zasebnem in ne v javnem sektorju.
The employee is paid at least once a month, on a fixed pre-arranged date.
Zato se je dobro zavedati slabe strani teh razlik.
In order to protect remuneration, the Polish Labour Code Act contains a provision which says that an employee cannot waive his/her right to remuneration or transfer the right to another person.
Če se zaposlite v zasebnem sektorju, se je priporočljivo pogajati o posebnih ugodnosti, če pa želite delati v javnem sektorju, pogajanje ni mogoče.
Each candidate should negotiate their pay with the employer before signing the contract.
Postopek zaposlovanja je odvisen od velikosti podjetja in delovnega mesta.
Bonuses depend on results achieved.
Lahko ima več faz, vendar vas bodo o tem obvestili na prvem sestanku.
During holiday leave an employee receives the normal pay agreed on in the employment contract.
Po zadnjem razgovoru (po navadi tretjem) boste morali na končno odločitev o zaposlitvi ali zavrnitvi običajno čakati en teden.
You may expect an attractive salary package in accordance with your education and experience, including nonstatutory benets such as luncheon vouchers, pension scheme, health insurance, a Christmas bonus, a reward for special achievements and performance and also an encouragement of personal development, especially for working in the private rather than the public sector.
Ni obveznih pravil glede povračila stroškov zaradi udeležbe na razgovoru, zato se mora o tem kandidat pogajati z vsakim delodajalcem posebej.
You must therefore be prepared for the inconvenient side to this distinction.
Po navadi delodajalci ne vračajo stroškov.
The recruitment process depends on the company’s size and the position applied for.
Delodajalci na Poljskem navadno raje zahtevajo enomesečno poskusno dobo namesto enodnevnega poskusnega dela.
It may consist of a few stages, but you will be informed about them at your first recruitment meeting.
To lahko zavrnete, vendar vas lahko delodajalec zato izključi iz postopka zaposlovanja.
Employers in Poland prefer to ask for a month’s probationary period rather than a oneday work trial.
Na Poljskem ponavadi ne potrebujete referenc. Ni v navadi, da bi delodajalec pri kom preverjal vaše kvalifikacije.
It is possible to refuse, but it may result in the employer aborting the candidate’s recruitment process.
V tem primeru je priporočljivo, da kot osebe, ki vam zagotavljajo reference, navedete prejšnje delodajalce ali učitelje.
Copies of your certicates, diploma, etc. should be attached to your CV.
Življenjepisu morate priložiti kopije potrdil, diplome itd.
Employers take these into consideration when deciding whether or not to invite you for interview.
Delodajalci jih upoštevajo, ko se odločajo, ali naj vas po- vabijo na razgovor.
It is normal for candidates for all the professions that involve special responsibility (e.g. working with children, the elderly, the sick, handling weapons, etc.) to prove their ability to comply not only with statutory regulations but also with the moral standards accepted by society.
Od kandidatov za vse poklice, ki vključujejo posebno odgovornost (npr. delo z otroki, starejšimi, bolnimi, orožjem), se običajno pričakuje, da dokažejo, da so poleg zakonskih predpisov sposobni izpolnjevati tudi sprejete družbene moralne standarde.
In Poland you normally do not need a letter of recommendation.
Na Poljskem navadno ne potrebujete priporočilnega pisma.
It can be helpful, however, if it is written by some prominent employer.
Lahko pa je seveda koristno, če ga napiše kak vpliven delodajalec.
Making a good impression:
Kako narediti dober vtis
The first impression is important.
Prvi vtis je pomemben.
Remember your manners:•if you call, introduce yourself, say who you are and what the reason for your call is;•if you send an e-mail, address it to ‘Dear Sir or Madam’;•be flexible (adjust your time to the employer’s requirements);
Ne pozabite na oliko:•če telefonirate, se predstavite, povejte, kdo ste in zakaj kličete;•če pošiljate e-pošto, jo naslovite s „Spoštovani“; •bodite prilagodljivi (prilagodite svoj čas delodajalčevim zahtevam);•pozanimajte se, ali morate potrditi udeležbo na razgovoru (zlasti če je razgovor čez en mesec).
In Poland it is not common to use other forms of interview: the employer expects a face to face meeting.
Na Poljskem niso v navadi drugačni razgovori: delodajalec pričakuje osebno srečanje.
Take care of the way you look: dress suitably.
Pazite na svoj videz: oblecite se primerno.
It is important to dress professionally for a job interview, even if the work environment is casual.
Pomembno je, da se za razgovor oblečete profesionalno, tudi če je delovno okolje sproščeno.
For men:•suit (unobtrusive colour — navy or dark grey), longsleeved shirt (white or coordinated with the suit), belt, tie, dark socks, conservative leather shoes;•little or no jewellery;•neat, professional hairstyle, not too much aftershave, neatly trimmed nails;•portfolio or briefcase.
Za moške:•obleka (nevpadljive barve – temno modra ali temno siva), srajca z dolgimi rokavi (bela ali usklajena z obleko), pas, kravata, temne nogavice, klasični usnjeni čevlji, •malo ali nič nakita, •urejena, profesionalna pričeska, ne pretiravajte z vodico po britju, urejeni nohti, •mapa ali aktovka.
For women: •suit (navy, black or dark grey) (the skirt should be long enough so you can sit down comfortably), coordinated blouse, conservative shoes, neutral tights; •modest amount of jewellery (no dangling earrings or arms full of bracelets);•no jewellery is better than cheap jewellery;•professional hairstyle;•go easy on the make-up and perfume;
Za ženske: •kostim (temno modra, črna ali temno siva), krilo naj bo dovolj dolgo, da lahko udobno sedete, usklajena bluza, klasični čevlji, nevtralne hlačne nogavice, •malo nakita (brez visečih uhanov ali kupa zapestnic), •bolje je, da nimate nakita, kot da imate cenenega, •profesionalna pričeska, •ne pretiravajte z ličili in parfumom, •čisti, urejeni nohti, •mapa ali aktovka.
•clean, neatly manicured nails;•portfolio or briefcase.
•preveč izrezane ali prekratke bluze – ne kažite dekolteja ali trebuha. Prekrijte kakršne koli tetovaže.
•Do not give the impression that you are only interested in the salary; do not ask about salary and benefits issues until the subject is brought up by your interviewer.•Do not make errors in your application forms.•Do not make negative comments about previous employers (or others).•Do not falsify application materials or answers to interview questions.•Do not give the impression that you are only interested in an organisation because of its geographical location.•Do not act as though you would take any job or are desperate for employment.•Do not chew gum or smell of smoke.•Do not allow your mobile phone to ring during the interview.
Poleg tega:•ne dajajte vtisa, da vas zanima samo plača; ne postavljajte vprašanj o plači in dodatkih, dokler tega ne omeni izpraševalec;•ne delajte napak v prijavnih obrazcih;•ne dajajte negativnih pripomb o prejšnjih delodajalcih (ali drugih osebah);•ne ponarejajte prijavnega gradiva in ne dajajte lažnih odgovorov na vprašanja na razgovoru;•ne dajajte vtisa, da vas organizacija zanima samo zaradi geografske lege;•ne vedite se, kot da ste pripravljeni vzeti vsako delo ali obupano iščete zaposlitev;•ne žvečite ali smrdite po dimu;•poskrbite, da vam med razgovorom ne zazvoni mobilni telefon. (Če zazvoni, se na kratko opravičite in se ne zmenite zanj.)
Do not take a mobile phone call.•Do not bring up or discuss personal issues or family problems.•Be honest and be yourself.
Ne oglašajte se na mobilni telefon;•ne omenjajte zasebnih zadev ali družinskih težav in se o tem ne pogovarjajte;•bodite iskreni in taki, kot ste.
Dishonesty will be discovered and is grounds for withdrawing job offers and for dismissal.
Prizadevajte si za dobre odnose z delodajalcem. Če vas bo zaposlil, ker ste se vedli kot nekdo drug, bosta oba nezadovoljna;•izpraševalca ogovarjajte z nazivom (gospod, gospa, doktor) in priimkom;•med razgovorom poskrbite za stik z očmi;•ne odgovarjate samo z „da“ ali „ne“.
You want to get on well with your employer.
Pojasnite vse, kar lahko.
Popular application procedures in Portugal
Običajni postopki prijave na delovno mestona Portugalskem
The most common application procedure is still to reply to specific job advertisements, either published in the (daily and weekly) newspapers or in other media, such as job centres, temporary employment and private placement agencies, professional and trade union associations, supermarkets, municipalities, parishes, other public facilities and, increasingly, in job banks made available on the Internet.
Najpogostejši postopek prijave je še vedno odgovarjanje na zaposlitvene oglase, objavljene v (dnevnih in tedenskih) časopisih ali drugih medijih, na primer v zaposlovalnih središčih, agencijah za začasno delo in zasebnih agencijah, strokovnih in poslovnih združenjih, veleblagovnicah, občinah, župnijah in drugih javnih zgradbah ter vedno pogosteje na spletnih zaposlitvenih portalih.
The reply method may vary: by regular mail, email or telephone.
Odgovarjanje je lahko različno: z navadno pošto, e-pošto ali po telefonu.
However, many other procedures are increasingly being used involving more proactive techniques, namely:•spontaneous applications to selected companies;•placement of personal advertisements, in newspapers and magazines or in other media: supermarkets, professional, trade union or employer associations, yellow pages (mostly if you are freelance or self-employed), etc;•registration at the job centre (public employment serv-ice);•registration with private placement agencies or temporary employment agencies;•CV advertisements in the main Internet job banks, in university careers offices, on professional associations’ websites and, increasingly, in Facebook and other social network tools, mostly the ones dedicated to professional contacts, on the Internet;•some larger companies make their own job opportunities/CV bank available on the Internet, through which jobseekers may directly transmit their applications;•for artistic and/or some highly qualified profiles (e.g. architects), the development of a portfolio, a personal webpage and its placement on the Internet.
Vendar pa je vedno bolj razširjena uporaba številnih drugih postopkov, ki so bolj proaktivni:•prijava na lastno pobudo za delo v izbranih podje-tjih;•objava osebnih oglasov v časopisih in revijah ali drugih medijih: v veleblagovnicah, strokovnih in poslovnih združenjih ali združenjih delodajalcev, na rumenih straneh (predvsem če opravljate samostojni poklic ali ste samozaposleni) itd.;•prijava na zaposlovalnem središču (javnem zavodu za zaposlovanje);•prijava pri zasebnih agencijah ali agencijah za začasno delo;•objava življenjepisa v bankah podatkov najpomembnejših spletnih zaposlitvenih portalov, univerzitetnih pisarnah za poklicno usmerjanje, vedno pogosteje pa tudi na Facebooku in drugih spletnih družabnih omrežjih, zlasti tistih za poklicne stike;•nekatera velika podjetja imajo na spletu objavljene svoje zaposlitvene priložnosti/banke življenjepisov, prek katerih se lahko iskalci zaposlitve neposredno prijavijo;•za umetniške in/ali strokovne poklice (npr. arhitekte) oblikovanje predstavitve in lastne spletne strani.
In a country where more than 90 % of the companies are small, personal contacts, via friends, relatives and/or ex-colleagues, are still one of the most eective means of finding out about job opportunities and reaching a potential employer (since these work as positive references).
V državi, v kateri je več kot 90 % malih podjetij, so osebni stiki prek prijateljev, sorodnikov in/ali prejšnjih sodelavcev še vedno najučinkovitejši pri iskanju zaposlitvenih priložnosti in navezovanju stikov z morebitnimi delodajalci (ker delujejo kot dobre reference).
This means that if you have a social network in Portugal, you should use it.
To pomeni, da izkoristite svojo socialno mrežo na Portugalskem, če jo imate.
Although a considerable number of job vacancies published state that the job is to start ‘as soon as possible’, you should always bear in mind that the selection process takes time, on average perhaps two to three months.
Čeprav je po navadi v zaposlitvenih oglasih navedeno, da se bo zaposlitev začela „čim prej“, postopek izbire v povprečju traja od dva do tri mesece.
With less skilled jobs, or temporary jobs which can easily be filled at local level, the time may be considerably reduced to less than a week.
Za delovna mesta, za katera niso potrebne kvalifikacije, ali začasne zaposlitve, ki se zlahka zapolnijo na lokalni ravni, je ta čas lahko krajši od enega tedna.
A more permanent recruitment need, the need for a highly qualied prole or very specic skills, or a post requiring a signicant training investment by the employer, may take much longer, even more than a year.
Pri zaposlitvah za daljši čas, potrebi po zelo strokovni izobrazbi ali posebnih spretnostih in znanjih ali delovnih mestih, v katera mora delodajalec vložiti veliko usposabljanja, lahko ta postopek traja veliko dlje, celo več kot eno leto.
It is assumed that candidates have already gone through the stages of getting to know themselves, their skills, motivation, interests and expectations, as well as getting to know the labour market in Portugal and, in particular, the job opportunities for their professional prole, level of experience and language levels.
Od kandidatov se pričakuje, da dobro poznajo sebe, svoje spretnosti, znanja, motivacijo, interese in pričakovanja ter so seznanjeni tudi s trgom dela na Portugalskem in predvsem z zaposlitvenimi priložnostmi, ki ustrezajo njihovemu poklicnemu profilu, izkušnjam in znanjem jezika.
The most common steps for an application in Portugal are:•Select the most suitable job ads for your profile and expectations, or the companies to which you want to apply.•Prepare your CV (if possible, in Portuguese).
Postopek prijave na Portugalskem običajno poteka tako:•izberite zaposlitvene oglase, ki najbolj ustrezajo vašemu profilu in pričakovanjem, ali podjetja, v katerih bi se radi zaposlili;•pripravite svoj življenjepis (po možnosti v portugalščini).