natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
One is called ‘The babysitting platform’ which will train babysitters and place them in the region.
Prva je Platforma za varstvo otrok (The babysitting platform), ki bo usposabljala varuške za otroke in jih zaposlovala v regiji. Druga je„do-u-2“.
This is a trendsetting youth network which has the unique potential to link and support young people in the region with common interests.
To je mladinska mreža, ki določa trende ter ima edinstvene možnosti za povezovanje mladine s skupnimi interesi v regiji in za podporo tej mladini.
Furthermore, the regional associations can use this project to promote their regional services.Apart from the money coming from Leader+, 40 % is contributed by the Ministry of Agriculture, Viticulture and Rural Development, with a similar amount from the private sector via Jugendtre ASBL.
Poleg tega lahko regionalna združenja ta projekt uporabijo za podporo svojim regionalnim službam.Del sredstev za projekt se je zagotovilo iz programa Leader+, 40 % sredstev je zagotovilo luksemburško ministrstvo za kmetijstvo, vinogradništvo in regionalni razvoj, podobno vsoto pa je prispeval tudi zasebni sektor prek združenja Jugendtreff asbl.
A big advantage of the whole project is that the entire concept can be integrated elsewhere without any problems. This way, other regional social services involved with the youth sector can benet from the work and the experience of the pilot project.
Velika prednost celotnega projekta je, da je mogoče celotno zamisel brez težav uporabiti tudi v drugih regijah.Tako lahko tudi druge regionalne socialne službe, ki sodelujejo v mladinskem sektorju, izkoristijo delo in izkušnje ljudi, ki so sodelovali v poskusnem projektu.
Putting regional governance into perspective
Vključevanje regionalnega upravljanja v perspektivo
On 20 February 2006 the Agriculture Council adopted EU strategic guidelines for rural development — five months after the adoption of the Council regulation on support for rural development by the new European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD).
Kmetijski svet je 20. februarja 2006 sprejel strateške smernice EU za razvoj podeželja, tj. pet mesecev po objavi Uredbe Sveta o podpori za razvoj podeželja, ki jo je sprejel novi evropski kmetijski sklad za razvoj podeželja.
In addition, in 2001, the European Commission produced its own White Paper (2) on European governance for the wider public, which contained a set of recommendations on how to enhance democracy in Europe and increase the legitimacy of the institutions.
Poleg tega je Evropska komisija leta 2001 oblikovala belo knjigo (2) o evropskem upravljanju za širšo javnost, ki vsebuje sklop priporočil, kako okrepiti demokracijo v Evropi in povečati legitimnost institucij.
Regional governance requires a minimum of institutionalisation (rules) which refer to recruiting members, the exit option, decision-making, compliances, etc., and an organisational unit to perform the daily administrative tasks.
Zato morajo programi Leader temeljiti na določenem območju, organizaciji od spodaj navzgor, lokalnem/regionalnem javno-zasebnem partnerstvu ter biti zasnovani na celosten in večsektorski način.
We are still lacking, however, a universally agreed de-nition (cf. Kooiman 1999, Blumenthal 2005).
To so prave značilnosti regionalnega upravljanja.
Rather, the discussion responds to new challenges on the regional level not suciently dealt with by existing institutions.
Regionalno upravljanje zadeva nove načine regionalnega samokrmiljenja in sodelovanja, za katere so značilni:null
Two basic concepts are central to regional governance: functional versus territorial interactions.
upravljanje koncept, ki dopolnjuje že obstoječe vladne strukture.
An interaction is functional if it is centred on a problem or a task — the space is of minor importance.
V ožjem smislu je mogoče upravljanje razložiti bolj jasno in natančno z opredelitvijo strukture težave.
Regional governance usually starts on a functional basis because the transaction costs of such cooperation are lower than with territorially bound interactions.
Upravljanje tako:null no upravljanje se običajno začne na funkcionalni podlagi, ker so stroški transakcije takšnega sodelovanja manjši od ozemeljskega povezovanja.
Territorial interactions require a representative selection of actors (all regionally relevant concerns must be embodied) implying a multitude of actors with heterogeneous interest structures which increase the number and intensity of conicts (conicts over interests, values and ideologies).
Za ozemeljsko povezovanje je potrebna reprezentativna izbira akterjev (zajeti je treba vse regionalno pomembne dejavnike), vključno z več različnimi akterji s heterogenimi interesnimi strukturami, zaradi česar je število in intenzivnost sporov (sporov zaradi interesov, vrednot in ideologij) večje.
In addition, the territorial governance patterns are strongly inuenced by local and regional politics (regional governance competes with legal territorial decisionmaking bodies).
Poleg tega na vzorce ozemeljskega upravljanja stalno vplivata lokalna in regionalna politika (regionalno upravljanje je konkurenca zakonitim območnim organom odločanja).
That combination usually leads to more legalistic regulations which again have repercussions on the existing organisational structure (see below).
Ta kombinacija je običajno razlog za bolj formalne predpise, ki vplivajo na obstoječo organizacijsko strukturo (glej spodaj).
Secondly, there are always more interrelationships between actors transforming political processes into governance without government (Rhodes 1997) — after all, we live in a network society.
Na splošno zadeva izraz vlada organizacijsko strukturo, medtem ko izraz upravljanje označuje organizacijske procese. V praksi je ta razlika nejasna zaradi treh razlogov.
Thirdly, even intermediate devices of governance are structured to a certain degree.
Prvi razlog je, da sta oba izraza tesno povezana.
Therefore, the literature uses the term governance both in a broad sense as well as in a narrow sense: the broad notion de-nes the totality of political-administrative steering activities; government then only refers to that part which is institutionalised.
V zadnjih desetletjih je vlada postala bolj popustljiva in prilagodljiva z omejevanjem birokracije in spodbujanjem načinov povezovanja v mreže (neuradni upravni ukrepi itd.).
The narrower denition considers‘regional governance’as a supplementary concept to the already existing governmental structures.
Drugi razlog je, da akterji vedno več sodelujejo med seboj, zaradi česar se politični procesi spremenijo v upravljanje brez vlade (Rhodes 1997), kar ni presenetljivo, saj živimo v družbi, povezani v mreže.
In general, the term government refers to the organisational structure, while governance denotes organisational processes.
Zato se v literaturi uporablja izraz upravljanje v širšem in ožjem smislu: v širšem smislu so upravljanje vse politično-upravne dejavnosti v zvezi z načrtovanjem splošnega razvoja; tako so v zvezi z upravljanjem v pristojnosti vlade le institucionalizirane dejavnosti.
In practice, that distinction is blurred for three reasons: firstly, the two are interlocked.
Bolj natančno to pomeni, da je regionalno
It could produce unintended side eects.
ogrožajo njihovo neodvisnost.
And due to an informal veto power, existing organisations are able to inuence the outcome of governance (multi-level governance).
Zaradi neuradne pravice do veta lahko obstoječe organizacije vplivajo na rezultat upravljanja (večstopenjsko upravljanje).
Secondly, internally governance depends on resources (in-kind (voluntary actions) or nancial) and could become unstable if members change due to elections or other events.
Poleg tega je upravljanje notranje odvisno od virov (v naravi – prostovoljne dejavnosti – ali finančno) in lahko postane nestabilno, če se člani zamenjajo zaradi volitev ali drugih dogodkov.
Thirdly, the management of governance arrangements requires competent leadership which is capable of balancing task eectiveness with group cohesion and positive individual cost-benet ratios.
Vodenje ukrepov upravljanja zahteva tudi primerno vodstvo, ki je sposobno uravnavati učinkovitost nalog s skupinsko kohezijo ter pozitivnimi posameznimi razmerji med stroški in koristmi.
More often than not governance arrangements either tilt towards higher eectiveness neglecting group cohesion or towards high degrees of‘group feeling’at the cost of task eectiveness.How intensely governance tends to get institutionalised depends to a large extent on the respective political culture. In Germany the pressure to institutionalise is probably higher than in England.
Najpogosteje je cilj ukrepov upravljanja večja učinkovitost, pri čemer se zanemarja skupinska kohezija, ali večji občutek za „skupinsko“, pri čemer se zanemarja učinkovitost nalog.Intenzivnost institucionalizacije upravljanja je odvisna predvsem od politične kulture.V Nemčiji je pritisk institucionalizacije večji kot v Angliji.
Germany has developed a legal political culture (culture of distrust), while the English political culture is based more on negotiating and political bargaining.
Nemčija je razvila pravno politično kulturo (kultura nezaupanja), medtem ko temelji angleška politična kultura na sklepanju dogovorov in političnem pogajanju.
It seems to be better suited to deal with net-work-like structures.
Angleška politična kultura je najbrž primernejša za obravnavanje struktur v obliki mreže.
Modes of action of regional governance Networks are personal connections grounded on voluntary cooperation leaving it to the discretion of the members to opt out any time.
Načini delovanja regionalnega upravljanja Mreže so osebne povezave na podlagi prostovoljnega sodelovanja, ki članom dopuščajo, da sodelovanje kadar koli zavrnejo.
That implies: each member cooperates within the network as long as his individual benet-cost ratio is positive. The use of power is limited — otherwise it could shift the cost burden to minorities.
To pomeni, da sodeluje vsak član v mreži, dokler je njegovo individualno razmerje med koristmi in stroški pozitivno.
Theoretical discussions lead to the conclusion that regional governance could only be conceived of as functional.
Uporaba pooblastil je omejena, ker se lahko v nasprotnem primeru stroškovna obremenitev prenese na manjšine.
Leader, however, favours the territorial approach.
Vendar imajo vplivni akterji implicitno pravico do veta.
That implies recruiting members on a representative basis.
Če bi mreža ovirala njihove interese, bi nasprotovali odločitvi ali zapustili mrežo. To zajema vzorce upravljanja v obliki mreže, ki:null
In sum, regional governance rst of all is a process to improve the interaction of actors in a fragmented and compartmentalised institutional framework.
To nasprotovanje je del mehanizma, vendar lahko metodologija programa Leader odpravi težavo z močnim vključevanjem lokalnih samouprav v ukrepe upravljanja.
But such approaches meet their limits if project priorities are not embedded in regional programmes and if regional coordination is thwarted by sectoral hierarchies.
To pomeni, da je regionalno upravljanje predvsem proces za boljše povezovanje akterjev v razdrobljenem in razdeljenem institucionalnem okviru.
That conict is inherent in the device but the Leader methodology is able to overcome the problem by strongly integrating local governments in the governance arrangements.
Vendar se lahko razume tudi kot pojem trajnostnega razvoja, ker temelji trajnostni razvoj na interdisciplinarnem in medsektorskem sodelovanju različnih akterjev zunaj običajnih potekov procesov.
However, the territorial approach of Leader may render the arrangements ‘communes-weighted’, in particular if the representatives of the economic and the civil society sectors take a less committed stance.(7) Are Leader groups ‘good-weather arrangements’ that dissolve once the money ows stop?
Predvsem pa je regionalno upravljanje učni mehanizem, usmerjen k skupnemu učenju za poznejšo spremembo obstoječega institucionalnega okvira, da bi se vprašanja regionalnega razvoja reševala bolj učinkovito.
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LIFEIN RURAL AREAS
IZBOLJŠANJE KAKOVOSTI ŽIVLJENJA NA PODEŽELSKIH OBMOČJIH
Focus Kromme Rijn: quality of village life
Focus Kromme Rijn – kakovost vaškega življenja
Village development plans with a bottom-up approach give villagers a say in their region’s future and ensure their quality of life
Načrti za razvoj vasi, ki vključujejo pristop od spodaj navzgor, omogočajo vaščanom, da odločajo o razvoju svoje regije, in zagotavljajo kakovost življenja.
With regional responsibility in mind
Upoštevanje regionalne odgovornosti
The rural area alongside the Kromme Rijn river (in the province of Utrecht) is located near a large and expanding urban area.
Podeželsko območje ob reki Kromme Rijn (v provinci Utrecht) je blizu velikega urbanega območja.
In doing so, the LAG wanted to be able to inuence any action resulting from the projects, and also to speed up procedures concerned with obtaining nancial support. This resulted in the‘Focus Kromme Rijn’project which was eventually established with Leader+ money.
Čeprav obstajajo v zvezi s tem nekatera vprašanja, ki zadevajo prihodnost območja, so se tri glavne občine s teh območij, ki jih zadevajo ta vprašanja, do zdaj zelo malo medsebojno povezovale.
To the north it borders the Utrechtse Heuvelrug National Park.
Na severu meji na nacionalni park Utrechtse Heuvelrug.
Historically and currently it is a fruit-growing area, with meadowland and traditional villages, and is characterised by small businesses, a variety of watercourses, windmills and country estates.These country estates, many of which are still permanently occupied, are located on the higher parts, while the area of lower land (towards the river) is designated for agricultural use.Since 2002, there have been about 20 projects which have been partially nanced by Leader+ subsidies, covering neighbourhood activities and involving schools, municipalities and businesses.
Ta višje ležeča posestva so večinoma še vedno stalno naseljena, medtem ko so nižje ležeča območja (ob reki) namenjena kmetijstvu. Od leta 2002 je bilo izvedenih približno 20 projektov, ki so bili delno financirani s subvencijami iz programa Leader+ ter so zajemali dejavnosti na lokalni ravni in vključevali šole, občine in podjetja.
Already these projects have made the region’s rich culture and landscape more accessible for a larger group of people.
Ti projekti so že omogočili dostop do bogate kulture in pokrajine v regiji za širšo množico ljudi.
The local action group, Kromme Rijn, is particularly concerned with projects which contribute to the quality of life and regional character of the area.
Za projekte, ki prispevajo h kakovosti življenja in regionalnim značilnostim območja, skrbi zlasti lokalna akcijska skupina Kromme Rijn.
It also is involved in developing regional cooperation and networks between the public and private sector.
Ta skupina si prizadeva tudi za boljše regionalno sodelovanje ter vzpostavitev mrež med javnim in zasebnim sektorjem.
the future of the Kromme Rijn region. The project demon-
Na podlagi tega je nastal projekt „Focus Kromme Rijn“, za katerega so se končno zagotovila sredstva iz programa Leader+.
krommerijnloket.nl) in order to support initiatives by citizens and entrepreneurs.
grama Leader+ je usmerjevalna skupina ustanovila (in zdaj razvija) virtualno virtualno točko za razpravo o območju (www.krommerijnloket.nl), da bi podprla pobude državljanov in podjetnikov.
Leader+ money has also been used in the project to establish a regional management system.
Denarna sredstva iz programa Leader+ so bila uporabljena tudi v projektu za vzpostavitev regionalnega sistema za vodenje.
For a third subproject, meetings take place between: the civil servants working on spatial planning issues at the municipalities; the province; and the steering group, to discuss ideas about the future of the rural areas and how these t with agreed policy.
V okviru tretjega podprojekta se sestajajo državni uradniki, ki delujejo na področju prostorskega načrtovanja v občinah, predstavnike province in usmerjevalna skupina, da razpravljajo o zamislih glede podeželskih območij v prihodnosti in njihovi združljivosti z dogovorjeno politiko.
Village development plans strated all the features of starting up a regional process which, in itself, was new for the area.
Projekt je pokazal, kako poteka regionalni proces, ki je bil sam po sebi nov za to območje.
This meant, for the dierent groups involved, identifying areas of mutual ben-et and developing mutual trust.At the end of 2005 a steering group called ‘Focus’, consisting of politicians from the municipalities and civil organisations, had been formed.The aim of this group was to develop a plan about the area’s future as well as to construct an action plan within the rst year.
To je pomenilo, da so morale različne skupine, ki so bile vključene, določati območja vzajemnega sodelovanja in izboljšati medsebojno zaupanje.Konec leta 2005 je bila ustanovljena usmerjevalna skupina, ki se je imenovala Focus in ki so jo sestavljali občinski politiki in civilne organizacije. Cilj te skupine je bil oblikovanje načrta za razvoj območja v prihodnosti in izdelava akcijskega načrta za prvo leto.
The LAG played a prominent role in initiating and stimulating this process.
Lokalna akcijska skupina je imela pomembno vlogo pri sprožitvi in spodbujanju tega procesa.
One of the actions carried out was lobbying among local political parties during the municipal elections, and this resulted in the Focus project being supported in the spring 2006 municipal action plans.
Ena od dejavnosti je bilo lobiranje med lokalnimi političnimi strankami med občinskimi volitvami, kar je omogočilo, da so občine podprle projekt Focus v svojih akcijskih načrtih spomladi leta 2006.
Addressing local needs
Prilagoditev lokalnim potrebam
In the Kromme Rijn region, there are six small villages located close to three urban core areas (Houten, Bunnik and Wijk bij Duurstede).
Na območju regije Kromme Rijn je šest majhnih vasi, ki se nahajajo blizu treh glavnih urbanih območij (Houten, Bunnik in Wijk bij Duurstede).
Over time, these small villages have developed their own unique identities, and a quality of life, through their bond with the surrounding agricultural area and developments in it.
Te majhne vasice so postopno razvile svojo edinstveno podobo in kakovost življenja, pri čemer so povezane z okoliškim kmetijskim območjem in njegovim razvojem.
New development plans were expected to cause a reduction in the number of services available in the villages as well as the composition of the village population, with more people being attracted from ‘outside’the area.The Leader+ ‘Quality of life in small villages’ project addresses the concerns of these villages and has the approval of the provincial board of the province of Utrecht.Through village development plans, local inhabitants can make their views known with regard to:• improving communication and cooperation between municipalities and inhabitants;• creating or maintaining an appropriate and sustainable level of services for the needs of local people.
Pričakovali so, da se bo zaradi novih načrtov zmanjšalo število storitev, ki so na voljo v vaseh, in sestave vaškega prebivalstva, saj bo več ljudi zapustilo ob-močje.Projekt programa Leader+ za kakovost življenja v majhnih vaseh je obravnaval pomisleke prebivalcev teh vasi in je imel pri tem vso podporo sveta province Utrecht. Načrti za razvoj vasi so lokalnim prebivalcem omogočili, da izrazijo svoja stališča glede:null
In June 2006, during a regional conference, a list of topics which could be considered as integral to the area’s future were drawn up, and included: quality of life in small villages; stimulation of tourism and leisure; dierent kinds of land use; the landscape’s core qualities; local communication issues; and putting in place an implementing structure.In the municipalities, for example, it was agreed to draw up plans to address quality of life issues for a number of small villages in the area.
Na regionalni konferenci junija 2006 je bil pripravljen seznam tem, ki jih je treba upoštevati pri razvoju območja v prihodnosti in vsebuje naslednje teme: kakovost življenja v majhnih vaseh, spodbujanje turizma in dejavnosti prostega časa, različne načine izrabe zemljišč, bistvene značilnosti pokrajine, težave lokalnega sporazumevanja ter vzpostavitev strukture izvajanja.
In Schalkwijk the development of a project to dene a municipal plan had already been started up.
V občinah so se na primer strinjali, da pripravijo načrte za reševanje vprašanj v zvezi s kakovostjo življenja za številne majhne vasi na območju.
The challenge was to make sure that other villages could learn from this process.
V vasi Schalkwijk se je že začel projekt za izdelavo občinskega načrta.
With Leader+ funding the steering group has opened (and is developing) a virtual area meeting point (www.
Izziv je bil vzpostaviti poučen primer za druge vasi.
Village development plans are an opportunity for inhabitants, local organisations and municipalities to work to-
Prav tako so se opravila pripravljalna dela za podprojekt, pri čemer so se kmetovalci, ki razmišljajo o prihodnosti kmetijskih izzivov na območju, povezali v delovno skupino. S sredstvi iz pro-
Focus on the Kromme Rijnstreek gether, keeping in mind the identity and wishes of the local people.
Da se dosežejo nekateri cilji v zvezi z izvajanjem projekta, so se določile nekatere faze: analitična faza, razvojna faza in načrtovalna faza.
In order to provide a certain direction in their implementation certain phases are identied: an analytical phase, a development phase and a planning phase.On 18 April 2007, the Kromme Rijn region organised a meeting to discuss these village development plans for all village inhabitants, municipal boards and civil servants from the province.
Regija Kromme Rijn je 18. aprila 2007 organizirala srečanje, na katerem je potekala razprava o načrtih za razvoj vasi in na katerem so lahko sodelovali vsi prebivalci, predstavniki občinskih svetov in javni uslužbenci v provinci.
This meeting allowed for questions to be asked, with answers and experiences from elsewhere to be shared.
Na tem srečanju so lahko postavljali vprašanja ter delili odgovore in izkušnje z drugih območij.
Afterwards, the three small villages of Langbroek, Werkhoven and Schalkwijk will be the rst to start implementing their plans in the region.
Potem so tri majhne vasi Langbroek, Werkhoven in Schalkwijk prve začele izvajati načrte v regiji.
Kromme Rijn: challenges and results
V času priprave strateškega načrta je bilo dogovorjeno:null
Contact person: Ms Marieke Leentvaar Project Manager: Waaloord Initiatief, Waaloord 15, 3448 BD Woerden, The Netherlands Tel. (31-348) 55 71 98Fax (31-348) 69 07 97E-mail: marieke.leentvaar@waaloord.nl Websites: www.leaderpluskrommerijn.nl, http://www.krommerijnloket.nl
Kontaktna oseba: Ga. Marieke Leentvaar Project manager Waaloord Initiatief, Waaloord 15,3448 BD Woerden, Nizozemska Tel. (31-348) 55 71 98Faks (31-348) 69 07 97E-pošta: marieke.leentvaar@waaloord.nl Spletna stran: www.leaderpluskrommerijn.nl http://www.krommerijnloket.nl
Photos provided by Mr Winfried Leeman
Fotograje: Winfried Leeman
Providing better access to support services in Salzburg’s Lammertal creates both opportunity and inspiration for the region’s womenfolk
Čeprav Lammertal ni tako zelo oddaljen od središčnega dela Salzburškega, ima veliko žensk, ki živijo na obrobnih območjih, še vedno težave z dostopom do storitev za pomoč ženskam in njihovim družinam.
Even though the Lammertal lies not too far from the central part of the Land of Salzburg, many women living in the region’s peripheral areas still have problems to access services geared towards helping them and their families.
Razlog za težave je velika mobilnost, ki je potrebna, da se lahko izkoristijo nasveti različnih svetovalnih agencij.
Therefore to deal with this issue the ‘Herztöne’ women’s network for equal opportunities has, over recent years, been dedicated to the idea of creating a centre for women and their families.
Da bi odpravila te težave, se je ženska mreža za enake možnosti Herztöne v zadnjih letih zavzemala za ustanovitev centra za ženske in njihove družine.