natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
This is most conspicuous in western Germany, eastern Austria, the north of Italy, and Slovenia, as well as the south of Sweden and regions in Spain, Greece and the United Kingdom. - The opposite is much rarer: in only a few regions (namely in the north of Poland), a positive ‘natural change’ has been offset by a negative net migration.
– Nasproten pojav je bistveno manj pogost: le v nekaj regijah (predvsem na severu Poljske) so pozitivne rezultate naravnega prirasta izničila negativna selitvena gibanja.
While an ageing population is a challenge that all EU Member States are facing or will have to face, it has a stronger and more immediate impact for some countries and regions than others.
Staranje prebivalstva je problem, s katerim se države članice EU že soočajo ali pa se bodo z njim šele morale soočiti. Treba je poudariti, da ima staranje prebivalstva močnejši in bolj neposreden vpliv na nekatere države in regije kot na druge.
In the face of very different existing patterns and likely trends, a range of major demographic phenomena need to be better understood to enable policy-makers to form robust proactive policies to meet the challenges and exploit the opportunities of a changing population.
Ko govorimo o različnih scenarijih in napovedujemo trende, moramo najprej poskrbeti za dobro razumevanje poglavitnih demografskih pojavov, zato da bodo ustvarjalci politike lahko oblikovali trdne proaktivne politike, s katerimi bomo rešili probleme in izkoristili priložnosti, ki jih prinašajo gibanja prebivalstva.
3 Eurostat, Regions: Statistical yearbook 2006.
3 Eurostat, Regije: Statistični letopis 2006.
• making Europe and it regions more attractive places to invest and work;• improving knowledge and innovation for growth;• more and better jobs.
Staranje prebivalstva bo v naslednjih desetletjih vedno izrazitejše, evropske regije pa se soočajo z zelo različnimi gibanji prebivalstva.
Some regions face ‘natural increase’ accompanied by positive net migration (i.e. Ireland), while others have experienced or will experience dramatic sustained population loss (i.e. the eastern Länder in Germany).
Nekatere regije se spopadajo z „naravnim upadom“, ki ga spremljajo pozitivna selitvena gibanja (npr. na Irskem), druge pa že beležijo – ali pa še bodo – dramatičen upad števila prebivalstva (npr. vzhodne dežele v Nemčiji).
(See Eurostat map – total population change.)
(Glejte zemljevid Eurostata – celotno prebivalstvo.)
The regulations governing the Cohesion Policy funds (ERDF, ESF, Cohesion Fund) further develop the priorities to be addressed in the mainstream convergence and competitive programmes.
Uredbe, ki urejajo sklade kohezijske politike (ESRR, ESS, Kohezijski sklad) nadalje govorijo o prednostnih nalogah, ki jih moramo izvajati v skupnih programih za konvergenco in konkurenčnost.
Ageing is specifically mentioned in particular in relation to several priorities under the guideline: More and better jobs.
Staranje se izrecno omenja predvsem v povezavi z mnogimi prednostnimi nalogami v okviru smernice Več in boljša delovna mesta.
In any event, the successful achievement of the objectives identified in the Community Strategic Guidelines can only be guaranteed in the medium and long term by ensuring that the underlying demographic trends are factored into national and regional strategic planning, if policies are adapted to regional and local needs, and if the opportunities presented are exploited.
Kakorkoli že, če želimo uresničevati srednjeročne in dolgoročne cilje, kot so opredeljeni v strateških smernicah Skupnosti, moramo poskrbeti za to, da bodo snovalci nacionalnih in regionalnih strateških programov upoštevali osnovne demografske trende, da bomo politike prilagodili regionalnim in lokalnim potrebam in da bomo izkoristili dane priložnosti.
The example of the eastern Länder in Germany demonstrates that in some regions the demographic ageing of the population is already developing quite quickly.
Primer vzhodnih „Länder“ v Nemčiji dokazuje, da proces staranja prebivalstva v nekaterih regijah poteka precej hitro.
In the five Länder (excluding Berlin), there were over half a million fewer people on 1 January 2005 than on 1 January 2000, reflecting a total population loss of 3.7% of the population in five years.
V petih „Länder“ (brez Berlina) je bilo 1. januarja 2005 več kot pol milijona manj ljudi kot 1. januarja 2000, skupna stopnja upada prebivalstva v petih letih tako znaša 3,7 %.
This movement is not homogeneous across the generations: the very young (aged up to 14 years) decreased by almost a quarter (-24%) while the population at retirement age increased by 18.2%, refl ected in a rise in the old age dependency ratio from 23.5% to 29.2%.
To gibanje ni enotno porazdeljeno med generacijami: število zelo mladih (do 14 let) se je zmanjšalo skoraj za četrtino (–24 %), število prebivalcev v upokojitveni starosti pa se je povečalo za 18,2 %, kar je vidno tudi v porastu stopnje obremenjenosti s starim prebivalstvom, ki je iz 23,5 % zrasla na 29,2 %.
In conclusion, it is clear that as an underlying societal trend demographic change requires a broad range of policy responses.
Zaključimo lahko torej, da osnovni družbeni trend gibanj prebivalstva zahteva raznolike politične odzive.
EU Cohesion Policy – promoting integrated strategic planning to address development objectives through partnership working – allows regional responses to be tailored to the specific circumstances faced by each region with financial support in the form of a multi-annual budget.
Kohezijska politika EU, ki spodbuja integrirano strateško planiranje kot način za doseganje ciljev gospodarskega razvoja s pomočjo partnerstev, regijam omogoča, da oblikujejo svoje pristope v skladu s svojimi specifičnimi potrebami, s finančno podporo v obliki večletnega proračuna.
With the diversity of demographic structure and trends and the increasing importance of regional and local public authorities as policy initiators and service providers, it is vital that the effects of long-term population trends are taken into account in framing medium-term strategies.
Zaradi raznolikosti prebivalstvene strukture in trendov in zaradi naraščajoče pomembnosti regionalnih in lokalnih oblasti kot pobudnikov političnih sprememb in izvajalcev storitev, je zelo pomembno, da pri oblikovanju srednjeročnih strategij upoštevamo dolgoročne prebivalstvene trende.
A number of regions have already been active and are at the forefront of strategic thinking and actions in relation to the demographic challenge.
Številne regije so že aktivne na tem področju in so prevzele pobudo v smislu strateškega razmišljanja in ukrepanja v zvezi s problematiko prebivalstva.
Under existing EU programmes, a number of projects have addressed aspects of demographic change.
V okviru obstoječih programov EU se številni projekti ukvarjajo z različnimi vidiki prebivalstvenih gibanj.
These include successful initiatives to address depopulation in urban, rural and sparsely populated areas, positive migration initiatives, reinforcing non discrimination and gender equality, and making regions more attractive places to live.
Med tovrstnimi projekti najdemo uspešne pobude za reševanje problema izseljevanja iz urbanih, podeželskih in redko poseljenih območij, pobude za pozitivna selitvena gibanja, krepitev nerazlikovanja in enakosti med spoloma, in poskuse, da bi posamezne regije naredili privlačnejše za življenje.
Even in regions which believe they will suffer ‘inevitable’ population reduction – arising, for instance, from the delayed effects of urbanisation – proactive thinking in responding to depopulation and ageing can have an important effect in securing quality of life and mitigating the effects of these likely trends on the remaining population.
Celo v regijah, ki verjamejo, da jih bo prizadel „neizogiben“ upad prebivalstva (npr. zaradi zapoznelih učinkov urbanizacije), proaktivno razmišljanje kot odziv na posledice odseljevanja in staranja lahko precej pripomore k višji kakovosti življenja in ublaži učinke teh trendov na preostalo prebivalstvo.
Indeed, the experience of some regions is that proactive, integrated policies can begin to redress patterns which were previously considered irreversible.
Izkušnje nekaterih regij dejansko kažejo, da so proaktivne, integrirane politike lahko začetek obračanja trendov, za katere so prej domnevali, da jih ni mogoče spremeniti.
The Community Strategic Guidelines for EU Cohesion Policy identify three overarching guidelines in line with the Lisbon Agenda:
Ponoven razvoj industrijskih lokacij v zahodnem delu Gradca, Avstrija.
Redevelopment of old industrial sites in Graz West, Austria.
Kohezijska politika Unije je za države članice dragoceno orodje, s katerim lahko ustrezno prilagodijo nacionalna gospodarstva v okviru staranja prebivalstva.
The demographic future of Europe – from challenge to opportunity
Demografska prihodnost Evrope – problem ali priložnost
Europe can do more to promote its demographic renewal.
Evropa lahko stori več za spodbujanje demografske obnove.
This implies creating conditions enabling all Europeans to realise their desire to have a family.
Ustvariti moramo razmere, ki bodo vsem Evropejcem omogočile, da uresničijo svojo željo po družini.
Having children should be an option for everyone and requires, in particular, being able to reconcile work, family and private life.
Vsi bi morali imeti možnost, da imamo otroke, to pa zahteva predvsem sposobnost usklajevanja poklicnega in družinskega življenja.
Far too often, women still have to choose between a job and a family.
Ženske morajo še vedno prepogosto izbirati med kariero in družino.
The Commission, at the same time as adopting the Communication on demography, has consulted the social partners on further measures that should be taken to facilitate this reconciliation, notably in the areas of parental leave and work organisation.
Ko je Komisija sprejela Sporočilo, se je posvetovala s socialnimi partnerji o nadaljnjih ukrepih, ki bodo potrebni za lažje usklajevanje družinskega in poklicnega življenja, predvsem na področjih starševskega dopusta in organizacije dela.
Most measures to respond to demographic change are the responsibility of the Member States – central, regional and local government; many involve the social partners and civil society organisations.
Večina ukrepov za reševanje problematike prebivalstva je v pristojnosti držav članic – centralne, regionalne in lokalne države.
Nevertheless, the European Union can play a useful role in facilitating the process of adapting to change.
V številne ukrepe so vključeni socialni partnerji in organizacije civilne družbe.
Demographic change is a shared concern across the EU, as was made clear by the heads of state and government who, at the 2005 European Summit in Hampton Court (UK), studied the future of Europe in the context of globalisation.
Gibanja prebivalstva so skupna skrb EU, kot so poudarili voditelji držav in vlad, ki so na Evropskem vrhu v Hampton Courtu (Združeno kraljestvo) leta 2005 preučevali prihodnost EU v luči globalizacije.
Over the last year, the issue has been discussed extensively within the European Commission on the basis of the consultation following the 2005 Green Paper, hearings with experts, and extensive research work carried out with the support of the European Parliament.
V zadnjih letih so o tej temi intenzivno razpravljali tudi na Evropski komisiji, in sicer v okviru posveta, ki je sledil Zeleni knjigi iz leta 2005, zaslišanju strokovnjakov in široko zastavljenim raziskavam, katerih izvajanje je podprl Evropski parlament.
The conclusions drawn from this intense activity can be found in the recent Communication ‘The demographic future of
Zaključki, ki so nastali na podlagi vseh teh aktivnosti, so zapisani v Sporočilu „Demografska prihodnost Evrope – problem ali
Europe – from challenge to opportunity’
To je kot prednostna naloga zapisano že v lizbonski strategiji.
Europe must raise employment levels further.
Slednja mora upoštevati staranje delovne sile in prebivalstva na splošno.
We need to increase the activity rates for women, young people and the elderly in order to achieve a better balance between the active and the retired.
Zaradi upadanja števila prebivalstva oziroma redke poseljenosti so nekatere regije in območja bolj prizadeti kot drugi, ali pa so se preprosto prej soočili z grožnjami in priložnostmi.
This is already a priority under the Lisbon Strategy.
Na primer: gibanja prebivalstva bodo zahtevala drago prestrukturiranje ustanov za storitve socialne varnosti in ustanov za nego starostnikov, kar bo slabo vplivalo na gospodarstvo.
In particular, we must reduce early retirement from the labour market and develop “active ageing” strategies, including within enterprises.
S podporo kohezijske politike EU moramo razvijati potenciale regij in poiskati hitre rešitve za gospodarsko in socialno prestrukturiranje in staranje prebivalstva, in sicer tako, da:
This requires investing in training and high-quality working conditions during the entire life cycle.
• povečamo konkurenčnost regionalnih gospodarstev;
ageing is a challenge which we can meet if we exploit the opportunities that are available to us, particularly over the next ten years.
Strateške smernice Skupnosti za kohezijsko politiko, ki jih je Svet sprejel 6. oktobra 2006 (5), vsebujejo načela in prednostne naloge kohezijske politike in predloge, kako naj evropske regije v večji meri izkoristijo sklade in instrumente, ki so na voljo v programih nacionalnih in regionalnih pomoči v obdobju 2007–2013.
The Commission has put before the Member States a comprehensive strategy covering five key areas in which to take action:
V ta namen bi se morali programi, ki so upravičeni do sredstev iz kohezijskih instrumentov, osredotočiti na naslednje tri prednostne naloge:
Community Strategic Guidelines for Cohesion
• prilagodimo obstoječe infrastrukture in storitve spremenjenim potrebam;
Addressing the demographic challenge should not necessarily be seen as a separate priority but rather as a challenge to be met by regional policy in taking account of the ageing labour force and population in general.
• predvidimo ozka grla na trgu dela in potrebe po spretnostih in znanjih;
Due to declining or low population density, certain regions and areas are more affected than others, or simply face threats and opportunities earlier.
• narediti države članice, regije in mesta bolj privlačna, in sicer s povečanjem dostopnosti, zagotavljanjem ustrezne kakovosti in ravni storitev in z ohranjanjem okoljskih potencialov;
For example, demographic effects will require a costly restructuring of social service facilities and care services for older people, which will have knock-on effects for business.
• povečamo poklicno in geografsko mobilnost;
Building upon the potential of the regions, with the support of EU Cohesion Policy, the challenges of rapid economic and social restructuring and demographic ageing could be met by:• increasing the competitiveness of regional economies; • adapting existing infrastructure and services to changing needs;• anticipating bottlenecks in the labour market and skills requirements;• increasing occupational and geographic mobility; • maintaining a healthy workforce.
• spodbujati inovativnost, podjetništvo in rast ekonomije znanja, in sicer v okviru raziskovalnih in inovativnih zmogljivosti, vključno z novimi informacijskimi in komunikacijskimi tehnologijami; in
Following the adoption of the Community Strategic Guidelines for Cohesion, the EU framework was completed within which presentation of the National Strategic Reference Frameworks and future programmes should take place.
S sprejetjem strateških smernic Skupnosti za kohezijsko politiko je bil zaključen okvirni program EU, v katerega se morajo zdaj umestiti nacionalni strateški referenčni okviri in prihodnji programi.
Council of the EU: Decision 702 (2006) of 6 October 2006, published in the O cial Journal of the EU, 21 October 2006, pages 11-32.
Svet EU: Uredba 702 (2006) z dne 6. oktobra 2006, objavljena v Uradnem listu EU, 21. oktobra 2006, strani 11–32.
The guidelines supplement the specific regulations on the funds and seek to provide a balance between the twin objectives of the growth and jobs agenda and territorial cohesion, and to help Member States when preparing their national and regional strategic priorities for that period.
• ustvariti več in boljša delovna mesta, ki bodo več ljudi prepričala, da se zaposlijo oziroma ustanovijo podjetje, izboljšati prilagodljivost delavcev in podjetij in povečati obseg naložb v človeški kapital.
4 European Commission, ‘The demographic future of Europe – from challenge to opportunity’, Communication 571 (2006) of 12 October 2006.
4 Evropska komisija,„Demografska prihodnost Evrope – problem ali priložnost“, Sporočilo 571 (2006) z dne 12. oktobra 2006.
THE CONTEXT the annual progress reports presented in the framework of the Lisbon Strategy.
POLOŽAJ med državami članicami na področju prebivalstva in družine.
Regions for Economic Change
Regije za gospodarske spremembe
We need a Europe that is more productive and competitive.
Evropa mora postati produktivnejša in bolj konkurenčna.
Future economic growth will depend increasingly on productivity gains and our capacity for innovation, and thus on investment in training and research and development.
Prihodnja gospodarska rast bo vse bolj odvisna od dobička iz produktivnosti in od naših zmogljivosti na področju inovacij, s tem pa tudi od naložb v usposabljanje, raziskave in razvoj.
It will also depend on the degree to which enterprises can exploit new market opportunities associated with the needs of an older population, comprising very active elderly consumers who may be very demanding, but also an increasing number of the very old who will need social and health care.
Gospodarska rast bo odvisna tudi od tega, do katere mere bodo podjetja izkoristila nove tržne priložnosti, povezane s potrebami starejšega prebivalstva, tako aktivnih starejših potrošnikov, ki so zelo zahtevni, kot tudi vse večjega števila zelo starih, ki bodo potrebovali socialno in zdravstveno oskrbo.
Our economies and societies must prepare for these new demand patterns by developing new and better goods and services and by training people for the new jobs that come with them.
Naša gospodarstva in družbe se morajo pripraviti na nove vzorce povpraševanja tako, da razvijajo nove in boljše storitve in da usposabljajo ljudi za nova delovna mesta, ki prihajajo z novimi storitvami.
In addition to the preparation and adoption of the mainstream operational programmes, the Commission continues to address the core issues faced by European regions.
Poleg priprave in sprejetja skupnih operativnih programov se Komisija še naprej ukvarja z iskanjem rešitev temeljnih problemov, s katerimi se soočajo evropske regije.
‘Regions for Economic Change’ is a proactive initiative being offered to Member States, regions and cities to help them implement the renewed Lisbon Agenda through actions aimed at economic modernisation.
„Regije za gospodarske spremembe“ je proaktivna pobuda, ki jo ponujajo državam članicam, regijam in mestom kot pomoč pri uresničevanju lizbonske strategije, in sicer skupaj z ukrepi za posodobitev gospodarstva.
It intends to draw on the experience and good practices of high-performing regions and to transfer this to regions wishing to improve.
Komisija namerava zbrati izkušnje in dobre prakse uspešnih regij in jih prenesti v regije, ki si želijo napredka.
Moreover, it aims to link this exchange of good practice more solidly to the implementation of the mainstream Convergence and Competitiveness Programmes.
Poleg tega želi to izmenjavo dobrih praks tesneje povezati z izvajanjem rednih programov v korist konvergence in konkurenčnosti.
The Regions for Economic Change initiative is described in the
Pobuda „Regije za gospodarske spremembe“ je opisana v Sporočilu
Commission Communication (2006)6756.
Komisije (2006)675 (
Europe needs to prepare to receive and integrate migrants.
Evropa se mora pripraviti na sprejem in integracijo priseljencev.
Immigration will not prevent ageing and the challenges that come with it.
Priseljevanje ne bo zaustavilo staranja in problemov, ki jih leto prinaša.
But as working age populations decline, increasing labour market needs for migrants can be expected.
A z upadanjem števila za delo sposobnega prebivalstva lahko pričakujemo tudi povečane potrebe trga dela po priseljencih.
The question is not whether to have immigration or not, but whether Europe will be able to manage immigration well, in the interests of labour markets, of the immigrants themselves and of their countries of origin.
Vprašanje, ki se ga moramo zastaviti, se ne glasi, ali naj sprejemamo priseljence ali ne, ampak, ali je Evropa sposobna dobro upravljati priseljevanje, in sicer v korist trga dela, v korist samih priseljencev in v korist njihovih domovin.
the mechanisms for interregional cooperation and urban development networks under the Territorial Cooperation Objective to accelerate the exploitation of good ideas.
za medregionalno sodelovanje in omrežij za razvoj mest, ki delujejo pod okriljem cilja ozemeljsko sodelovanje za pospeševanje izkoriščanja dobrih idej.
Finally, Europe needs sound public finances.
V primerjavi z obstoječimi mehanizmi je kar nekaj novosti, kot na primer:
Only if social protection is based on sustainable funding can we expect it to deliver adequate benefits in the long run.
• opredelitev 30 prednostnih tem, s poudarkom na posodobitvi gospodarstva in prenovljeni lizbonski strategiji;
Such sustainable funding will come not only from public budgets – savings and private insurance will also have a role to play in this context.
„dvosmeren most“ med omrežji in rednimi programi;
The Communication provides a framework for the development of policies to tackle the challenges of demographic change.
Končno pa Evropa potrebuje tudi zdrave javne finance. Staranje bo zahtevalo povečanje izdatkov za pokojnine, zdravstveno oskrbo in dolgotrajno nego.
It builds on the Lisbon Strategy and adds a longer-term perspective, notably with its new focus on demographic renewal.
Le če bo socialna zaščita temeljila na trajnostnem financiranju, lahko pričakujemo, da bo dolgoročno prinašala ustrezne koristi.
The Commission intends to act as a facilitator in this process.
Trajnostnega financiranja pa ne bodo zagotavljali samo javni proračuni – pomembni bodo tudi prihranki in zasebna zavarovanja.
As a f i first step, on 30-31 October 2006 it organised a forum on Europe’s
• izboljšanje komunikacije, in sicer z organizacijo letnih konferenc in podelitvijo nagrad;
Compared to the existing mechanisms, it features several new ones, such as:• identification of 30 priority themes focused on economic modernisation and the renewed Lisbon Agenda; • creating a ‘two-way bridge’ between networks and mainstream programmes;• enhanced communication through an annual conference and awards; • a fast-track option, through which the Commission will establish volunteer networks around selected priority themes in order to provide a rapid testing ground for policy ideas.
• hitra možnost, postopek, s pomočjo katerega bo Komisija vzpostavila omrežja prostovoljcev okrog izbranih prednostnih tem, ki bodo služila kot poligon za preizkušanje političnih idej.
demographic future – such a forum will take place once every two years.
Komisija je Sporočilu dodala tudi delovni dokument, ki natančno opredeljuje trideset prednostnih tem.
This will comprise events where good practice can be exchanged between all those involved in dealing with demographic change.
Ena teh je tudi „Soočanje z demografskim problemom“.
At the same time, they will provide a platform for presenting new scientific research on demography and its impact on the economy and society. Ultimately, these fora should forge a common approach to tackling the challenges of demographic change.
Regije, ki se bodo ukvarjale s to temo, bodo združevale svoje izkušnje na področju reševanja problematike prebivalstva in oblikovale ukrepe, ki bi jih bilo mogoče izvajati v okviru njihovih rednih regionalnih in nacionalnih programov.