natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Since then, only the euro has been legal tender for all cash and bank transactions in the euro area countries, which represent more than two thirds of the EU population.
Od takrat je evro zakonito plačilno sredstvo za vse denarne in bančne transakcije v državah območja evra, ki predstavljajo več kot dve tretjimi prebivalstva EU.
Each EU country must meet the five convergence criteria in order to go to the third stage.
Vsaka država EU, ki hoče doseči tretjo stopnjo, mora izpolnjevati pet konvergenčnih meril. Ta so:
• independence of national central banks;
• predpise za obvladanje nacionalnih proračunskih primanjkljajev.
• price stability: the rate of inflation may not exceed the average rates of inflation of the three member states with the lowest inflation by more than 1.5%;
• stabilnost cen: stopnja inflacije ne sme presegati povprečja stopnje inflacije treh držav članic z najnižjo inflacijo za več kot 1,5 %;
• interest rates: long-term interest rates may not vary by more than 2% in relation to the average interest rates of the three member states with the lowest interest rates;
• obrestne mere: dolgoročne obrestne mere ne smejo odstopati od povprečja obrestnih mer treh držav članic z najnižjimi obrestnimi merami za več kot 2 %;
• deficits: national budget deficits must be below 3% of GDP;
• primanjkljaji: nacionalni proračunski primanjkljaj mora biti nižji od 3 % BDP;
On 1 January 1999, 11 countries adopted the euro, which thus became the common currency of Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain. (Greece joined them on 1 January 2001).
Enajst držav je 1. januarja 1999 sprejelo evro, ki je tako postal skupna valuta Avstrije, Belgije, Finske, Francije, Nemčije, Irske, Italije, Luksemburga, Nizozemske, Portugalske in Španije (1. januarja 2001 se jim je pridružila Grčija).
From this point onwards, the European Central Bank took over from the EMI and became responsible for monetary policy, which is defined and implemented in euros.
Po tem dogodku je pristojnosti EMI prevzela Evropska centralna banka in s tem postala odgovorna za monetarno politiko, ki se opredeljuje in izvaja z evrom.
• public debt: this may not exceed 60% of GDP; resent the euro in international monetary forums.
• javni dolg: ne sme presegati 60 % BDP; e) Nove države članice in EMU v jih
• exchange rate stability: exchange rates must have remained within the authorised margin of fluctuation for the previous two years.
To je po širitvi leta 2004 prvi uspelo Sloveniji in območju evra se je pridružila 1. januarja 2007.
Slovenia was the first of countries from the 2004-enlargment to do so and joined the euro area on 1 January 2007.
• stabilnost deviznih tečajev: devizni tečaji morajo dve leti ostajati v okviru dovoljenega območja nihanja.
In June 1997, the European Council adopted a Stability and Growth Pact.
Evropski svet je junija 1997 sprejel Pakt stabilnosti in rasti.
This was a permanent commitment to budgetary stability, and made it possible for penalties to be imposed on any country in the euro area whose budget deficit exceeded 3%.
Pakt je pomanil stalno zavezo za proračunsko stabilnost in omogočil, da se vsaki državi v območju evra, katere proračunski primanjkljaj preseže 3 %, naloži kazen.
The Pact was subsequently judged to be too strict and was reformed in March 2005.
Pakt je bil pozneje ocenjen kot prestrog in je bil marca 2005 spremenjen.
The Eurogroup is the informal body where the finance ministers of the euro area countries meet.
Eurogroup je neformalni organ, znotraj katerega se srečujejo nančni ministri iz območja evra.
The aim of these meetings is to ensure better coordination of economic policies, monitor the budgetary and financial policies of the euro area countries and rep-
Cilj teh sestankov je zagotavljanje boljšega usklajevanja gospodarskih politik, spremljanje proračunskih in nančnih politik držav območja evra in predstavljanje evra na mednarodnih denarnih forumih.
The euro: the common currency for over 310 million people in the EU.
Evro: skupna valuta za več kot 310 milijonov ljudi v EU.
Priority on growth and jobs
Poudarek na rasti in delovnih mestih v jih
• The Union intends to respond to globalisation by making the Europe an economy more competitive (liberalisation of telecommunications, services and energy).
• Unija se namerava odzvati na globalizacijo s povečanjem konkurenčnosti evropskega gospodarstva (liberalizacija telekomunikacij, storitev in energije).
• The Union is supporting the reform programmes of member countries by making it easier to exchange ‘best practice’.
• Unija z lajšanjem izmenjav „najboljše prakse“ podpira programe držav članic za reforme.
• The EU Structural Funds will spend more on training, innovation and research, in the 2007–13 budget period.
• V proračunskem obdobju 2007–2013 bodo strukturni skladi EU več sredstev namenili za usposabljanje, inovacije in raziskave.
The other was the technological revolution, including the internet and new information and communication technologies.
Drugi je bil tehnološka revolucija, vključno z internetom ter novo informacijsko in komunikacijsko tehnologijo.
At the beginning of the 1990s, two great changes began transforming economies and daily life throughout the world, including Europe.
Na začetku zadnjega desetletja 20. stoletja sta dva pomembna procesa sprožila spremembe v gospodarstvu in načinu življenja po vsem svetu, vključno z Evropo.
One was the emergence of a globalised economy as economies everywhere became increasingly interdependent.
Prvi je bil pojav globaliziranega gospodarstva, ko so y Ima g es
Europeans have to be equipped for today’s job market.
Evropejci morajo biti opremljeni za današnji trg dela.
Tomorrow’s pensioners need social security which must be prepared today.
Jutrišnji upokojenci potrebujejo socialno varnost, ki jo je treba pripraviti danes.
Objectives structural and social changes without excessive pain.
Lizbonski proces a) Cilji največjih pridobitev Evrope: družbam namreč omogočajo, da brez večjih težav sprejemajo strukturne in socialne spremembe.
However, they must be modernised so as to make them sustainable and so that their benefits can be enjoyed by future generations.
Vendar pa jih je treba posodobiti in poskrbeti, da bodo trajnostni, če naj bi koristili prihodnjim generacijam.
Every spring, the European Council meets to review progress in implementing the Lisbon strategy.
Vsako pomlad se Evropski svet zbere z namenom, da oceni napredek pri izvajanju Lizbonske strategije.
Closer focus on growth and jobs
Večji poudarek na rasti in delovnih mestih
By the year 2000, EU leaders were well aware that the European economy needed thorough modernisation in order to compete with the United States and other major world players.
Leta 2000 je bilo voditeljem EU povsem jasno, da potrebuje evropsko gospodarstvo temeljito prenovo, če naj bi bilo sposobno konkurirati Združenim državam in drugim svetovnim gospodarstvom.
Meeting in Lisbon in March that year, the European Council set the EU a new and ambitious goal: to become, by 2010, ‘the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy in the world, capable of sustainable growth with more and better jobs and greater social cohesion’.
Marca istega leta je Evropski svet na zasedanju v Lizboni postavil nov in ambiciozen cilj za EU: da bi do leta 2010 postala„najbolj konkurenčno in dinamično, na znanju temelječe gospodarstvo na svetu, sposobno trajnostne gospodarske rasti, s številnejšimi in boljšimi delovnimi mesti ter večjo socialno kohezijo“.
The European Council also agreed on a detailed strategy for achieving this goal. The ‘Lisbon strategy’ covers a whole range of areas, such as scientific research, education, vocational training, internet access and online business.
Evropski svet je izdelal tudi podrobno strategijo za dosego tega cilja.„Lizbonska strategija“ obsega vrsto področij, kot so znanstvene raziskave, izobraževanje, poklicno usposabljanje, dostop do interneta in elektronsko poslovanje.
It also covers reform of Europe’s social security systems.
Zajema tudi reformo evropskih sistemov socialne varnosti.
The European Council in spring 2006 did not attempt to hide the fact that, six years after its launch, the results of the Lisbon process have been mixed.
Evropski svet spomladi 2006 ni poskušal skriti dejstva, da so rezultati lizbonskega procesa po šestih letih mešani.
As a result, it decided to address the problem of continuing high unemployment in many EU countries and refocus the EU’s priorities on growth and jobs.
Zato se je odločil soočiti s še vedno visoko brezposelnostjo v številnih državah EU in preusmeriti prednostne naloge EU na rast in delovna mesta.
If it is to make its economies more productive and increase social cohesion, Europe must continue to concentrate its efforts mainly on raising economic performance, innovation and improving its people’s skills.
Če želi Evropa povečati produktivnost svojih gospodarstev in socialno kohezijo, mora svoja prizadevanja še naprej usmerjati predvsem
On the initiative of the President of the European Commission, José Manuel Barroso, the EU member states have therefore decided: support to member states, particularly through the dissemination of ‘best practice’ in Europe;
k povečevanju gospodarske učinkovitosti, inovacijam in izboljšanju izobrazbe in znanja svojega prebivalstva.
• to invest more in research and innovation;
• povečati vlogo Evropske komisije kot koordinatorice, tako da bi lahko podpirala države članice, zlasti z razširjanjem„najboljše prakse“ v Evropi; v jih
• to speed up reforms in the financial markets and in social security systems and accelerate liberalisation of the telecommunications and energy sectors.
• pospešiti reforme nančnih trgov in sistemov socialnega varstva ter liberalizacijo telekomunikacijskih in energetskih sektorjev.
• to give the European Commission a greater role as coordinator in order to give
povečati naložbe v raziskave in inova-
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• Thanks to the European Union, citizens of member countries can travel, live and work anywhere in Europe.
• Državljani držav članic lahko že uveljavljajo nekatere pravic, ki izhajajo iz članstva v Evropski uniji: lahko potujejo, živijo in delajo kjer koli v Evropi.
• In daily life, the EU encourages and funds programmes to bring citizens closer together, particularly in the fields of education and culture.
• EU nenehno podpira in financira programe, ki združujejo državljane, zlasti na področjih izobraževanja in kulture.
• A feeling of belonging to the European Union will develop only gradually, through its tangible achievements and successes.
• Občutek pripadnosti Evropski uniji se bo razvijal postopoma, ob oprijemljivih dosežkih in uspehih.
• Some symbols that represent a shared European identity already exist.
• Nekaj simbolov skupne evropske identitete že obstaja.
The most prominent is the single currency, but there are also the EU flag and anthem.
Najpomembnejši je enotna valuta, poleg nje pa še zastava in himna EU.
How citizens can exercise their rights
Kako lahko državljani uveljavljajo svoje pravice
The Treaty of Maastricht enshrined this right in its chapter on citizenship.
Prva pravica evropskega državljana je pravica do gibanja, življenja in dela kjer koli v Uniji.
Europeans are not just consumers or participants in economic and social affairs.
Evropejci niso samo potrošniki ali udeleženci v gospodarskih in družbenih zadevah.
They are also citizens of the European Union, and as such have specific political rights.
So tudi državljani Evropske unije in imajo kot taki določene politične pravice.
Under the Maastricht Treaty, every citizen of the Union, regardless of nationality, has the right to vote and to stand as a candidate in local elections in his or her country of residence and in elections to the European Parliament.
Po Maastrichtski pogodbi ima vsak državljan Unije, ne glede na narodnost, pravico voliti in kandidirati na lokalnih volitvah v državi, kjer ima bivališče, a ni njen državljan, ter na volitvah v Evropski parlament.
The EU has passed a directive establishing a system of mutual recognition of higher education qualifications.
EU je sprejela direktivo, ki je uvedla sistem medsebojnega priznavanja visokošolskih diplom.
This directive applies to all university courses lasting three years or more and is based on the principle of mutual confidence in the quality of national education and training systems.
Ta direktiva velja za vse univerzitetne smeri, ki trajajo najmanj tri leta, in temelji na načelu medsebojnega zaupanja v kakovost nacionalnih sistemov izobraževanja in usposabljanja.
Citizenship of the Union is now enshrined in the Treaty which states that ‘Every person holding the nationality of a Member State shall be a citizen of the Union.
Državljanstvo Unije je zdaj vključeno v Pogodbo, ki navaja, da je „vsaka oseba z državljanstvom države članice državljan Unije.
Citizenship of the Union shall complement and not replace national citizenship’.
Državljanstvo Unije dopolnjuje in ne nadomešča nacionalnega državljanstva.“
Fundamental rights
Osnovne pravice
Any person who is a national of an EU country can work in the health, education and other public services anywhere in the Union, with the exception of activities covered by the prerogative of public authorities (the police, armed forces, foreign affairs, etc.).
Vsak državljan EU lahko kjer koli v Uniji opravlja zdravstvene, izobraževalne in druge javne storitve, z izjemo dejavnosti, za katere so pristojni javni organi (policija, oborožene sile, zunanje zadeve itd.).
Indeed, what could be more natural than recruiting a British teacher to teach English in Rome, or encouraging a young Belgian graduate to compete in a civil service exam in France?
Ali ni torej povsem logično, da za poučevanje angleščine v Rimu zaposlijo britanskega učitelja ali da se mlad belgijski diplomant prijavi na razpis za državnega uradnika v Franciji?
Since 2004, European citizens who travel within the EU can obtain a European health insurance card, from their national authorities which helps cover medical costs if they fall ill while in another country.
Evropskim državljanom, ki potujejo znotraj EU, lahko od leta 2004 nacionalni organi izdajo evropsko kartico zdravstvenega zavarovanja, ki jim pomaga kriti zdravstvene stroške, če zbolijo med bivanjem v drugi državi.
The Treaty of Amsterdam, which came into force in 1999, strengthened the concept of fundamental rights.
Amsterdamska pogodba, ki je začela veljati leta 1999, še bolj poudarja temeljne pravice.
It introduced a procedure for taking action against an EU country that violates its citizens’ fundamental rights.
Uvaja postopek, s katerim se lahko ukrepa proti vsaki državi, ki krši temeljne pravice državljanov EU.
It also extended the principle of non-dis-crimination so that it covers not only nationality but also gender, race, religion, age and sexual orientation.
Načelo nediskriminacije se v tej pogodbi ne nanaša več le na narodnost, ampak tudi na spol, rasno in versko pripadnost, starost ter spolno usmerjenost.
Europe means education and culture
Evropa pomeni izobraževanje in kulturo
Finally, the Amsterdam Treaty improved the EU policy of transparency and allowed citizens greater access to the official documents of the European institutions.
Amsterdamska pogodba nenazadnje izboljšuje tudi politiko preglednosti v EU in državljanom omogoča boljši dostop do uradnih dokumentov institucij.
A sense of belonging together and having a common destiny cannot be manufactured.
Zavesti o skupni pripadnosti in usodi ni mogoče umetno ustvariti.
It can only arise from a shared cultural awareness, which is why Europe now needs to focus its attention not just on economics but also on education, citizenship and culture.
Izhaja lahko le iz skupne kulturne zavesti, zato mora Evropa danes pozornost usmeriti ne le v gospodarstvo, temveč tudi v izobraževanje, državljanstvo in kulturo.
The EU’s educational and training programmes are one element in this.
Del tega so programi EU za izobraževanje in usposabljanje.
They promote exchange programmes so students can go abroad, participate in joint school activities across borders and learn new languages, etc.
Spodbujajo programe izmenjave, ki študentom omogočajo odhod v tujino, sodelovanje v skupnih šolskih dejavnostih, učenje novih jezikov itd.
It is still decided at national or local level how schools and education are organised and what the exact curriculum is.
Organizacija šol in izobraževanja ter natančni učni načrti pa se še vedno določajo na nacionalni ali lokalni ravni.
The European Union’s commitment to citizens’ rights was reaffirmed in Nice in December 2000 with the solemn proclamation of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.
Evropska unija je decembra 2000 v Nici potrdila svojo zavezanost k spoštovanju državljanskih pravic, saj je takrat slovesno razglasila Listino Evropske unije o temeljnih človekovih pravicah.
This Charter was drawn up by a Convention composed of members of national parliaments, MEPs, representatives of national governments and a member of the European Commission.
Listino je oblikovala Konvencija, sestavljena iz poslancev nacionalnih parlamentov ter Evropskega parlamenta, predstavnikov nacionalnih vlad in člana Komisije.
Under six headings — Dignity, Freedoms, Equality, Solidarity, Citizens’ Rights and Justice — its 54 articles set out the European Union’s fundamental values and the civil, political, economic and social rights of EU citizens.
Dokument, sestavljen iz 54 členov, v šestih poglavjih – Dostojanstvo, Svoboščine, Enakost, Solidarnost, Pravice državljanov in Pravičnost – razlaga temeljne vrednote Evropske unije ter državljanske, politične, ekonomske in socialne pravice državljanov EU.
In the field of culture, the EU programmes ‘Culture’ and ‘Media’ foster cooperation between programme makers, promoters, broadcasters and artists from different countries.
Na področju kulture evropska programa „Kul-tura“ in„Media“ spodbujata sodelovanje med ustvarjalci oddaj, promotorji, televizijskimi postajami in umetniki iz različnih držav.
This helps to produce more European TV programmes and films, thereby redressing the balance between European and American output.
To prispeva k proizvodnji več evropskih tv-pro-gramov in lmov ter s tem vzpostavlja ravnovesje med evropsko in ameriško produkcijo.
The opening articles cover human dignity, the right to life, the right to the ‘integrity of the person’ and the right to freedom of expression and of conscience.
Začetni členi govorijo o človeškem dostojanstvu ter pravici do življenja, osebne integritete, svobode izražanja in vesti.
The chapter on solidarity brings together, in an innovative way, social and economic rights such as:
Poglavje o solidarnosti na inovativen način združuje socialne in ekonomske pravice, kot so:
• the right of workers to be informed and consulted;
• pravica delavcev do informiranja in posvetovanja;
• the right to reconcile family life and professional life;
• pravica do usklajevanja družinskega in poklicnega življenja;
• the right to healthcare, social security and social assistance throughout the European Union.
• pravica do zdravstvenega varstva, socialne varnosti in socialne pomoči v vsej Evropski uniji.
The European Parliament appoints the Ombudsman, who remains in office for the duration of the Parliament.
Imenuje ga Evropski parlament, dolžina njegovega mandata pa je enaka dolžini mandata Parlamenta.
The Ombudsman’s role is to investigate complaints against EU institutions and bodies.
Njegova naloga je, da obravnava pritožbe proti institucijam in organom EU.
Complaints may be brought by any EU citizen and by any person or organisation living or based in an EU member country.
Pritoži se lahko vsak državljan EU in vsaka zična ali pravna oseba, ki živi ali ima sedež v eni od držav EU.
The Ombudsman tries to arrange an amicable settlement between the complainant and the institution or body concerned.
Varuh človekovih pravic poskuša na miren način rešiti spor med pritožnikom in zadevno institucijo ali organom.
The Charter also promotes equality between men and women and introduces rights such as data protection, a ban on eugenic practices and the reproductive cloning of human beings, the right to environmental protection, the rights of children and elderly people and the right to good administration.
Listina ščiti tudi enakost moških in žensk ter uvaja novosti, kot so pravica do varstva podatkov, prepoved evgeničnih metod in reproduktivnega kloniranja ljudi, pravica do varstva okolja, pravice otrok in starejših in pravica do dobre uprave.
Another important link between citizens and the EU institutions is the right of any person residing in a member state to petition the European Parliament.
Druga pomembna vez med državljani in institucijami EU je ustaljena praksa Parlamenta, da sprejema peticije, ki jih lahko nanj naslovi katera koli oseba, ki prebiva v državi članici EU.
The EU programmes for lifelong learning: estimated figures for the programme period 2007–13
Programi EU za vseživljenjsko učenje: okvirne številke za programsko obdobje 2007–2013 v jih
Area concerned
Zadevno področje
5% of schoolchildren in the European Union will participate in joint educational activities.
5 % šolarjev v Evropski uniji bo sodelovalo v skupnih izobraževalnih dejavnostih.
Every year 80 000 people will be able to do traineeships in companies and training centres in another European country.
Vsako leto bo lahko 80 000 ljudi opravljalo delovno prakso v družbah in centrih za usposabljanje v drugi državi članici.
7 000 people every year will be able to carry out educational activities abroad.
Vsako leto bo lahko 7 000 ljudi opravljalo izobraževalne dejavnosti v tujini.
Support for academic research and teaching in European integration.
Podpora za akademske raziskave in poučevanje o evropski integraciji.
Involving the citizens
Vključevanje državljanov
The idea of a ‘citizens’ Europe’ is very new.
Uporaba bankovcev in kovancev evra od leta 2002 ima velik psihološki vpliv.
Some symbols that represent a shared European identity already exist, such as the European passport (in use since 1985), the European anthem (Beethoven’s ‘Ode to Joy’) and the European flag (a circle of 12 gold stars on a blue background).
Več kot dve tretjini državljanov EU zdaj upravljata svoje osebne nance in prihranke v evrih.
EU driving licences have been issued in all EU countries since 1996.
Cene blaga in storitev v evrih pomenijo, da potrošniki zdaj lahko neposredno primerjajo cene po državah.
The EU has adopted a motto, ‘United in diversity’, and 9 May has been made ‘Europe Day’.
V skladu s schengenskim sporazumom (ki naj bi ga sčasoma podpisale vse države) so bile odpravljene mejne kontrole po večini držav EU, kar državljanom že daje občutek pripadnosti enemu, združenemu geografskemu območju.
The use of euro notes and coins since 2002 has had a major psychological impact.
Ideja o „Evropi po meri državljanov“ je precej sveža.
More than two thirds of EU citizens now manage their personal budget and savings in euro.
Obstajajo že nekateri simboli, ki predstavljajo skupno evropsko identiteto.
Pricing goods and services in euro means that consumers can compare prices directly from one country to another.
Ti simboli so na primer evropski potni list (v uporabi od leta 1985), evropska himna (Beethovnova „Oda radosti“) in evropska zastava (venec dvanajstih zlatih zvezd na modrem ozadju).
‘We are not bringing together states, we are uniting people’, said Jean Monnet back in 1952.
„Ne povezujemo držav, ampak združujemo ljudi,“ je leta 1952 dejal Jean Monnet.
Raising public awareness about the EU and involving citizens in its activities is still one of the greatest challenges facing the EU institutions today.
Večja javna ozaveščenost o EU in vključevanje državljanov v njene dejavnosti sta še vedno največja izziva, s katerima se danes soočajo institucije EU.
Since 1979, the European Parliament has been directly elected by universal suffrage.
Od leta 1979 so člani Evropskega parlamenta izvoljeni neposredno na splošnih volitvah.
This gives greater democratic legitimacy to the process of European integration, linking it directly with the will of the people.
To daje procesu evropskega združevanja večjo demokratično legitimnost in ga neposredno povezuje z voljo ljudi.