natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The RFOs are invited to implement similar measures, ensuring that vesselsauthorised to fish in their zone of competence participate in scientific research through exploratory fisheries, protect the identified deepwater ecosystems and stop fishing in fragile zones.
Regionalne ribiške organizacije naj izvajajo podobneukrepe, tako da zagotavljajo, da plovila z dovoljenjem za ribolov v njihovem območju pristojnosti sodelujejo pri znanstvenihraziskavah z raziskovalnim ribolovom, varujejo odkriteglobokomorske ekosisteme in prenehajo loviti v ranljivihobmočjih.
> Commission calls for more determination in setting TACs and quotas for 2008
> Komisija zahteva več odločnosti pri določanju celotnih dovoljenih ulovov in kvot za leto 2008
•For overexploited stocks, the Commission will propose TACs inconformity with scientific recommendations, trying not to increaseor decrease them by more than 15% where the situation allows.
•komisija bo za preveč izkoriščene staleže predlagala TAC, ki bodoskladni z mnenji znanstvenikov, tako da bo poskusila, da jih ne bipovečala ali zmanjšala za več kot 15 %, kadar bo stanje todovoljevalo;
•Stocks covered by long-term plans will be assigned TACs thatconform to those determined under the plans.
•TAC za staleže, za katere obstajajo dolgoročni načrti, bodo v skladus TAC, določenimi v teh načrtih;
•TACs for species with short life cycles (North Sea sand eel andsprat, and Bay of Biscay anchovy) will be determined by anevaluation in the course of the year, in terms of the level ofrecruitment.
•TAC za vrste s kratko življenjsko dobo (peščenka in papalina v Severnem morju ter sardon v Biskajskem zalivu) bodo določeni napodlagi ocene, opravljene med letom glede na pomen uporabe;
In its annual policy statement, as a prelude to the consultations thatwill culminate in the establishment of fishing possibilities for 2008,the European Commission paints a realistic picture of the state ofstocks in Community waters.
Evropska komisija v letni izjavi o splošni politiki kot uvod vposvetovanja o določitvi ribolovnih možnosti za leto 2008, ki bi semorala začeti, predstavlja realističen pregled stanja staležev v vodah Skupnosti.
While certain long-term plans arestarting to have an impact on hake (northern waters), sole (Bay of Biscay), haddock (North Sea), mackerel and saithe, 80% of stocks arestill outside safe biological limits.
Čeprav nekateri dolgoročni načrti začenjajo kazati svojeučinke na staleže osliča (severne vode), lista (Biskajski zaliv), vahnje(Severno morje), skuše in saja, je 80 % staležev še vedno pod varnimibiološkimi mejami.
Only three of 33 stocks meetthe criteria to which the European Union committed itself in Johannesburg in 2002.
Zlasti če na zadevopogledamo z vidika ciljev največjega trajnostnega donosa (MSY):samo trije staleži od 33 izpolnjujejo ta merila, ki jih je Evropska unijasprejela v Johannesburgu leta 2002.
(Maximum sustainable yield refers to thelevel of fishing resulting in the highest yield without endangeringcatches for subsequent years).The reason for the above mentioned situation is well known.
(Največji trajnostni donospomeni stopnjo ribolova, potrebno za ulov največje količine rib brezškode za ulov v naslednjih letih.)
This statement marks the launch of consultations at sector and at Member States levels on TACs and quotas for 2008.
Ta izjava predstavlja začetek posvetovanja s sektorjem in državamičlanicami o določitvi TAC in kvot za leto 2008.
TACs for stocks exploited within safe biological limits will be set soas to avoid moving away from maximum sustainable yieldconditions, as discussions continue on ways of moving closer tothat objective, and simultaneously limiting TAC increases ordecreases to 15%.
TAC za staleže, ki se izkoriščajo ob upoštevanju varnih biološkihmeja, bodo določeni tako, da ne bodo odstopali od pogojevnajvečjega trajnostnega donosa, medtem ko se nadaljujejorazprave o načinih, kako se približati temu cilju, in omejitvisprememb TAC na 15 % v plus ali minus;
No 37 February 2008
Št. 37 februar 2008
Illegal fishing: keeping illegal fishery products off the market
Nezakonit ribolov: preprečitev vstopa proizvodov nezakonitega ribolova
Aquaculture: a promising start for sole
Pomorska politika za Evropsko unijo
A maritime policy for the European Union
Ribogojstvo: obetajoči začetki gojenja morskega lista
Shows and exhibitions•Med Seafood & Processing, 3
Sejmi in razstave•Med Seafood & Processing, 3
Fact File Cutting off outlets for illegal fishing
Preprečitev možnosti prodaje za nezakoniti ribolov
Rimini (Italy), 23-26 February 2008This trade fair also features conferences and workshops, all focusing on the Italian and Mediterranean fishing sector. > For more information:Tel: + 39 0541 744258E-mail: o.foschi@riminifiera.it Website: www.medseafood.it
(Morski Sadeži in njihova predelava), Rimini (Italija), 23.–26. februar 2008Trgovski sejem, ki ga dopolnjujejo konference in delavnice, je namenjen italijanskemu in sredozemskemu ribištvu. > Za podrobnejše informacije:Tel.: + 39 0541 744258E-pošta: o.foschi@riminifiera.it Spletna stran: www.medseafood.it
In the news Maritime affairs: towards an integrated policy
Pomorske zadeve: za celostno politiko
Santander (Spain), 22-24 April 2008 This scientific congress will review stock fluctuations in bluefin tuna based on historic data. > For more information:Tel: + 34 942 291060E-mail: symposium@st.ieo.es Website: http://ieo-santander.net Note to readers We welcome your comments or suggestions at the following address:European Commission – Directorate-General for Fisheries and Maritime Affairs – Communication and Information Unit – Rue de la Loi/Wetstraat 200 – B-1049 Brussels or by fax to: (+ 32) 2 299 30 40 with reference to Fisheries and aquaculture in Europe.E-mail: fisheries-magazine@ec.europa.eu
Santander (Španija), 22.–24. april 2008 Na tem znanstvenem simpoziju želijo na podlagi razpoložljivih podatkov ugotoviti nihanje populacije tunov iz Atlantika in Pacifika. > Za podrobnejše informacije:Tel.: +34 942 291060 E-pošta: symposium@st.ieo.es Spletna stran: http://ieo-santander.net Sporočilo bralcem Svoje komentarje ali predloge nam pošljite na naslednji naslov: European Commission – Directorate-General for Fisheries and Maritime Affairs – Communication and Information Unit – Rue de la Loi/Wetstraat 200– B-1049 Brussels, ali po faksu na številko (+ 32) 2 299 30 40, s pripisom Ribištvo in ribogojstvo v Evropi E-pošta: fisheries-magazine@ec.europa.eu
The Commission has not, save where otherwise stated, adopted or in any way approved any view appearing in this publication and statements should not be relied upon asstatements of the Commission’s or the Fisheries and Maritime Affairs DG’s views.The Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication, nor does the Commission or any person acting on its behalf accept responsibilityfor any use made thereof.© European Communities, 2007.Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.Photo: © European Communities
Vsakršna trditev v tej reviji ne more biti interpretirana kot odsev mnenj Generalnega direktorata Komisije za ribištvo. inpomorske zadeve. Komisija ne jamči za točnost podatkov, navedenih v pričujoči publikaciji.Komisija ali vsaka v njenem imenu delujoča oseba zavrača vso odgovornost za kakršno koli uporabo, ki izhaja iz te revije.© Evropske skupnosti, 2007.Razmnoževanje dovoljeno z omembo vira.Fotografija na naslovnici: © European Communities
Itis an established fact that illegal fishing represents a worldwide danger.
Danezakonit ribolov pomeni nevarnost na svetovni ravni, je nesporno dejstvo.
It causes serious environmental damage,contributes to stock depletion and creates unfair competition for those fishermen who play by the rules.
Povzroča veliko okoljsko škodo,prispeva k izčrpavanju staležev rib in pomeni nelojalno konkurenco ribičem, ki izpolnjujejo predpise.
In the or i a l E d it longer term, it is a real threat to employment and the economic balance of coastal communities which aredependent on fisheries. And the consequences may be even more tragic in the developing world, where foodsecurity can be undermined.
Dolgoročno sta ogrožena gospodarsko ravnovesje in zaposlenost v obalnih skupnostih, ki živijo od ribolova, kar lahko povzroči šehujše posledice v državah v razvoju, kjer je lahko ogrožena varnost prehrane prebivalstva.
A new approach is needed for the fight against this scourge in order to deal with what are now large-scaleinternational organisations using sophisticated methods.
Boj proti tej resnični nadlogi mora danes dobiti nov zanos, da bi bili tako kos vse večjim mednarodnim združbam, kiuporabljajo preverjene metode.
The Commission’s newproposals are based on the best possible strategy, namely, to deprive the illegal fishing industry of its market.
Denarne kazni bi morale dosegati donosnost te dejavnosti, prav tako pa bi moralebiti kaznovane tudi države, ki ne bi izpolnile svojih obveznosti.
Thiscan be achieved by requiring a high level of transparency on the origin of all fisheries products before their landingor import into Europe is authorised.
Cilj najboljše strategije, ki prevzema nove predloge Komisije, je nezakonitemu ribolovu preprečiti dostop na trg tako, da se postavijo ostre zahteve glede preglednostiizvora vseh morskih proizvodov, preden se odobri njihovo iztovarjanje ali uvoz v Evropo.
And this approach must be applied systematically throughout the entire valuechain, from net to plate.
In to po celotni verigizadevnega proizvoda, od mreže do krožnika.
The European Union represents the world’s third largest fishing power, with 5.7 million tonnes of catches in 2005.
Evropska unija je bila s 5,7 milijona ton ulova v letu 2005 tretja največja ribiška sila na svetu.
It is also the leading importer of fish (17.3 billion euros in 2006) and has the most advanced technologies at itsdisposal.
Je tudi največja uvoznicarib (17,3 milijarde evrov v letu 2006) in uporabnica naprednih tehnologij. Zato nosi veliko odgovornost v boju protinezakonitemu ribolovu.
In fact, for some years now, the Union has been the driving force behind the growing awareness of this issue.
Pravzaprav je Unija že več let gonilna sila pri ozaveščanju ljudi o tej problematiki.
It hasinitiated numerous decisions taken by international organisations such as the FAO (United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation), as well as in regional fisheries organisations.
Bila je pobudnica številnih sklepov v okviru mednarodnih organizacij, kot so FAO (Organizacija za prehrano in kmetijstvo) in regionalne ribiškeorganizacije.
This international cooperation, includingassistance to developing countries, must now be strengthened even further.
To mednarodno sodelovanje, ki vključuje tudi pomoč državam v razvoju, se mora še povečati.
If Europe is to remain the pace setter, however, it needs to set an example by sparing no pains in the fight againstillegal fishing in its own waters. Monitoring of landings must be rigorous, and any EU nationals caught taking part inillegal fishing activity abroad must be dealt with severely.
Vendar pa mora biti Evropa, če hoče biti v prvih vrstah, sama zgled neusmiljenega boja v svojih vodah in pri svojemnadzoru iztovarjanja, navsezadnje pa mora ostro nastopiti tudi proti svojim državljanom, ki bi bili vpleteni v nezakonitribolov.
Like any other strategy, this approach will only produce results if it has the active support of all stakeholdersconcerned.
Tako kot vse strategije tudi ta ne bo uspela brez dejavnega sodelovanja vseh vpletenih.
Strict application by the Member States of the new regulation proposed by the Commission, in particularthe provisions on port state control, will be the key to making the new provisions really effective and barring accessto the Community market for illegal fishing products.
V tem pogledu bo v državahčlanicah nujno treba strogo izvajati določbe nove uredbe, ki jih je predlagala Komisija, predvsem tistih o pomorskihinšpekcijah, zato da bi bile nove določbe res učinkovite in da nezakonit ribolov ne bi imel več možnosti dostopa natrg Skupnosti.
The Editor is he ri es and a q u a cu lt u r F
Uredništvo o p i vr v E o o in ribo g o js tv ib iš tv R
Cutting off outlets for illegal fishing la g eu l
Preprečitev možnosti prodaje za nezakoniti ribolov la g eu l
Illegal fishing accounts for 15 to 20% of catches worldwide, but for certain stocks in high demand on international markets, like tuna, Patagonian toothfish or cod, this can rise to over one third of catches.
Nezakonit ribolov obsega od 15 do 20 odstotkov svetovnega ulova, vendar pa lahko pri nekaterih staležih rib, po katerih je povpraševanje na mednarodnem trgu posebej veliko, kot na primer pri tunu, patagonski zobati ribi in polenovki, ta količina preseže tretjino ulova.
Both its hugescale, and the gravity of its environmental, economic and social consequences, are such that it isnow a truly international problem.
Njegov obseg ternjegove okoljske, gospodarske in družbene posledice so taki, da je postal mednarodniproblem.
IUU fishing is a significant cause of depletion for fish stocksworldwide and undermines protection and recovery measures put in place to preserve stocks.The European Union is in the forefront of the global fight against this scourge, and wants to stepup the means at its disposal to address the problem.
Izčrpava svetovne staleže rib ter škoduje zaščitnim in obnovitvenim ukrepom, ki naj bi zagotovili nadaljnji obstoj teh staležev. Evropska unija želi na čelu svetovnega bojaproti tej nadlogi še okrepiti svoja sredstva, da bi bila kos nezakonitemu ribolovu.
Last October, the European Commissionproposed new measures that seek to eliminate the main appeal of this activity: profits.
Evropskakomisija je oktobra predlagala nove ukrepe, s katerimi naj bi tej dejavnosti odvzeli njenglavni čar: dobiček.
It is extremely difficult to measure the extent of illegal fishing ro p eu
Po navadi je zelo težko oceniti obseg nezakonitega ribolova.
Illegal fishing also causes damage to marine ecosystems due to its high level of by-catch (other fish, birds, tortoises, etc.).
Zaradi velikega prilova (druge ribe, ptice, želve) nezakonit ribolovpovzroča tudi škodo v morskih ekosistemih.
And, ofcourse, illegal activity frequently occurs in zones which are otherwise off limits to fishermen in order to protect coral reefs,forexample.
Da ne govorimo onezakonitem ribolovu na območjih, kjer je ribolov prepovedan, na primer zaradi zaščite koralnih grebenov.
The few figures that areavailable are impressive, however.
Vendar pa so nekatere znane številke presenetljive.
Serious estimates suggest thatthis illegal trade is worth somewhere between 3 and 10billioneuros a year globally.
Resne ocenenavajajo, da gre za trgovino po vsem svetu v vrednosti od 3 do 10 milijard evrov na leto.
By comparison, legal landings by the Community fleet amounted to 6.8 billion euros in 2004.
Za primerjavo, vrednost zakonitihiztovarjanj, ki jih je opravilo ladjevje Skupnosti, je leta 2004 znašala6,8 milijarde evrov.
The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)reports that illegal fishing accounts for up to 30% of total catchesin certain important fisheries, and that catches of certain speciescould amount to three times the authorised quantity.
Organizacija za prehrano in kmetijstvo (FAO)poudarja, da nezakonit ribolov na nekaterih pomembnih ribjihloviščih znaša do 30 odstotkov skupnega ulova ter da naj bi ulovnekaterih vrst dosegal trikratno količino dovoljenega ulova.
Serious consequences for the environment…
… in tudi družbeno-gospodarske
As Manuel Liria-Franch of the FEOPE(1) explains, ‘If you have onevessel fishing legally and another fishing illegally, they are competingfor the same resources.
Manuel Liria-Franch iz Španske zveze ribiških organizacij(FEOPE(1)) pojasnjuje: „Če imamo ladjo, ki ribari zakonito, in drugo, ki
Afterwards, they end up selling on the samemarket.
Nato seznajdeta na istem trgu.
And when measures have to be taken to protect resources, the legal operator will have to apply them, but not the illegal operator.Sothe competition is totally unfair at every step along the way.’ is he ri es and a q u a cu lt u r F
Ko pa bo treba sprejeti ukrepe za ohranitevvira, bodo zakoniti ribiči te ukrepe morali izvajati, nezakoniti pa ne. V vseh pogledih gre za popolnoma nelojalno konkurenco.“
In the short term, this unfair competition leads to smaller catches, lower income and the loss of jobs.
Kratkoročno so posledice take nelojalne konkurence manjši ulov,zmanjšanje prometa in izguba delovnih mest.
In the long term, the repercussions are likely to be even more serious, as fish stocksare further undermined, or even exhausted.
Dolgoročno pa soposledice lahko še hujše zaradi še revnejših staležev rib alinjihovega skorajšnjega izčrpanja.
They are often registeredin tax havens and pay only low taxes (or none at all) and minimalsocial security contributions.
Po navadi so vpisani v register v davčnih rajih, neplačujejo davkov (oziroma zelo malo), zavezujejo pa jih leminimalne socialne pravice.
These countries generally do not have the means to patrol theirexclusive economic zone (EEZ), and illegal operators are quick toturn this situation to their advantage, (over)exploiting their watersand stripping them of vital resources.
Obalne skupnosti v državah v razvoju so zaradi tega pojavamočno prizadete, zlasti tiste na afriški podsaharski obali, saj jevarnost njihovega prehranjevanja pogosto odvisna od ribolova.Ker te države po navadi nimajo zadostnih sredstev za patruljiranjev svojih ekskluzivnih ekonomskih conah, nezakoniti ribiči toizkoristijo za (pre)lov v njihovih vodah in za ropanje življenjskopomembnih virov.
Any penalties incurred, usually fines, are not enough ofadeterrent and are often seen by fraudsters as a ‘normal’operating cost.
Izrečene kazni, največkrat so to globe, ne odvračajo zadosti odnezakonitega ribolova in jih krivolovci celo obravnavajo kotnormalne obratovalne stroške.
Since there is sustained strong demand for thespecies targeted (especially tuna, cod and Patagonian toothfish),selling prices and profits are high.
Ker obstaja na trgu velikopovpraševanje po nekaterih vrstah (predvsem po tunu, polenovkiin patagonski zobati ribi), so prodajne cene visoke in dobički veliki.
At the same time, operators fishing illegally on the high seas oftenexploit their fishermen too, making them work for low pay in sub-standard living and working conditions, which sometimesborder on slavery.
Prav tako izvajalci nezakonitega ribolova na odprtem morjupogosto izkoriščajo ribiče iz držav v razvoju, ki delajo za skromneplače ter pristajajo na neustrezne življenjske in delovne razmere, ki včasih mejijo že na suženjstvo.
Years of struggle
Dolgoletni boj
The international community and the European Union (EU) havebeen fighting against such practices for a long time.
Mednarodna skupnost in Evropska unija (EU) se že dolgo bojujetaproti temu pojavu.
In 2001, the FAO launched its International Plan of Action against Illegal,Unregulated and Unreported Fisheries. The United Nations General Assembly and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) have also addressed this problem.
Leta 2001 je FAO predstavila Mednarodniakcijski načrt za preprečevanje nezakonitega, neprijavljenega innereguliranega ribolova, za odvračanje od njega ter za njegovoodpravljanje.Tega vprašanja sta se lotili tudi Generalna skupščina Združenih narodov in Organizacija za gospodarsko sodelovanje inrazvoj (OCDE).
In addition, illegal operators have numerous methods fordeveloping their activity, which are hard to combat.
Poleg tega so metode, ki krivolovcem omogočajo širjenje njihovedejavnosti, zelo številne in se jim je težko upreti.
The bestknown method is to register a vessel in a country that cannot or will not exercise real control over the vessel’s activities: this phenomenon is known as ‘flags of convenience’.
Ena najboljznanih metod je, da plovilo registrirajo v državi, ki noče ali pa ne more izvajati pravega nadzora nad dejavnostmi plovila: toimenujemo „zastave ugodnosti“.
Vessels canbe registered under such flags in only a few hours and at verylittle cost.
Registracija ladij pod temizastavami zahteva le nekaj ur, stroškov pa skoraj ni.
Numerous vessels thus regularly change flags to findthe most advantageous conditions – and more especially, tothwart the efforts by RFMOs, EU bodies and states to keep theirblack lists up to date.
Številnimladjam tako redno menjavajo zastave, da bi našli najugodnejšoureditev in predvsem, da bi se izmaknili prizadevanjemregionalnih ribiških organizacij, organov Skupnosti ali držav zasprotno dopolnjevanje črnih list.
Moreover, controlling such activities is inherently problematic:fraudulent operators carry out their activity in waters whereinspections are difficult, such as the high seas or the exclusiveeconomic zones of developing countries.
Vsemu je treba dodati še težaven nadzor: krivolovci izvajajo svojodejavnost v vodah, kjer je nadzor težko izvedljiv, na primer naodprtem morju ali v ekskluzivnih ekonomskih conah držav v razvoju.
It is impossible to havea network large enough to identify and penalise all pirate vessels.
Zato je nemogoče imeti dovolj široko mrežo zaodkrivanje in kaznovanje vseh piratskih ladij.
The European Commission adopted a Community Action Plan forthe eradication of IUU fishing in 2002(2).
Evropska komisija je na svoji strani leta 2002 sprejela Akcijski načrt Skupnosti za izkoreninjenje nezakonitega, neprijavljenega innereguliranega ribolova(2).
The EU’s action to datehas resulted in stepped-up controls on fishing activity and the strengthening of Community legislation to establishtheresponsibility of the beneficiaries of illegal operations, notablythe liability of Member State nationals, irrespective of the flagflown by the vessel used for their activities.
Delovanje EU je pripeljalo do strožjeganadzora ribolova in izboljšanja zakonodaje Skupnosti priugotavljanju odgovornosti vpletenih v nezakonit ribolov, vključnoz državljani držav članic in ne glede na zastavo plovila, pod kateroopravljajo svoje dejavnosti.
The creation of the Community Fisheries Control Agency has also put newinstruments in the hands of the EU.
Z ustanovitvijo Agencije Skupnosti zanadzor ribištva je EU dobila nova sredstva za sodelovanje v temboju.
Due to the large amounts of money at stake, illegal fishing is now a well-organised professional activity.
Zaradi velikih vsot denarja, ki so v igri, je nezakonit ribolovprofesionalna in organizirana dejavnost.
Operators useanumber of techniques to conceal the illegal origin of theircatches: transhipments to different vessels, landing in portsofconvenience or ‘bulk’processing in a country that is notscrupulous in applying the relevant rules.
Vpleteni uporabljajorazlične tehnike, ki jim omogočajo, da prikrijejo nezakonit izvor: na primer, pretovarjanje proizvodov na različne ladje, iztovarjanjev „pristaniščih ugodnosti“ ali predelava v„razsutem stanju“ v drugidržavi, ki nima pravega nadzora.
This fight, however, often has to deal with activities carried out in international waters.
Vendar pa ta boj pogosto vključuje dogajanja v mednarodnihvodah.
Cooperation between the countriesconcerned is vital, in particular within the Regional Fisheries Management Organisations (RFMOs).
Sodelovanje med prizadetimi državami je torej ključno,predvsem v regionalnih ribiških organizacijah.
That is why the EU hasplayed a leading role in the adoption by RFMOs of measurestocombat illegal fishing.
Zato je bila EUglavna pobudnica, ki je regionalne ribiške organizacije spodbujalak sprejetju ukrepov za boj proti nezakonitemu ribolovu.
These rules are then written into the laws of the partner states,and in particular into EU legislation.
Večina regionalnih ribiških organizacij je od takrat vpeljala vrstoukrepov na tem področju, med katere spadajo programi nadzorain kontrole, uvedba pomorskih inšpekcij, obvezna uporabasistema za satelitski nadzor, sistem izdajanja potrdil o upoštevanjuukrepov ohranjanja kot pogoj za prodajo ribiških proizvodov, črneliste plovil, odkritih pri nezakonitem, neprijavljenem innereguliranem ribolovu… o in ribo g o js tv