natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The European Parliament and the Council therefore requested that the Commission develop a proposal for a “daughter” directive clarifying the criteria for good chemical status criteria and specifications related to the identification and reversal of pollution trends.
Evropski parlament in Svet sta zato zaprosila, naj Komisija pripravi predlog »hčerinske« direktive, ki bo pojasnila merila za dobro kemijsko stanje podzemne vode in specificirala tehnične zahteve, povezane z določevanjem in obrati trendov.
This new Groundwater Directive was adopted in December 20064.
Ta nova direktiva o podzemnih vodah je bila sprejeta decembra 20064.
The policy context
Politični okvir
The components of the Water Framework Directive dealing with groundwater cover a number of different steps for achieving good (quantitative and chemical) status by 2015.
Elementi Vodne direktive, ki obravnavajo podzemno vodo, obsegajo številne aktivnosti za doseganje dobrega količinskega in kemijskega stanja do leta 2015.
They require Member States to:
Od držav članic zahtevajo, da:
Define and characterise groundwater bodies (management units) within River Basin Districts that must be reported to the European Commission.
Znotraj vodnih območjih določijo vodna telesa podzemne vode (enote upravljanja), opišejo njihove značilnosti in o njih poročajo Evropski komisiji.
The characterisation relies on system understanding, in particular on the knowledge of drivers (D), pressures (P), status (S), impacts (I) and responses (R) which constitutes the backbone of river basin management planning (Figure 1).
Opis značilnosti vodnih teles se nanaša na razumevanje sistema, zlasti na poznavanje gonilnih sil (D), obremenitev (P), stanja (S), vplivov (I) in odzivov (R), kar predstavlja hrbtenico načrtovanja upravljanja voda (slika 1).
pressures and impacts of human activity on the quality of groundwater with a view to identifying groundwater bodies at risk of not achieving WFD environmental objectives.
lesa, pri katerih obstaja tveganje, da ne bodo dosegla okoljskih ciljev Vodne direktive.
This assessment has to evaluate risks linked to water uses and interactions with associated aquatic or terrestrial ecosystems in relation to the types of pressures and aquifer vulnerability (Figure 2).
Ta ocena mora glede na vrste obremenitev in ranljivost vodonosnikov ovrednotiti tveganja, povezana z rabo vode, in interakcije s pripadajočimi vodnimi ali kopenskimi ekosistemi (slika 2).
Member States had to carry out this classification between 2004 and 2005 and report the results to the European Commission.
Države članice so morale to določitev izvesti med letoma 2004 in 2005 in o rezultatih poročati Evropski komisiji.
A report giving a synthesis of Member States’ reports was prepared by the European Commission and published in March 20075.
Poročilo s povzetkom poročil držav članic je pripravila in objavila Evropska komisija marca 20075.
Diving forces
Obremenitve
Pressure
Stanje
Nature and environment
Narava in okolje
Land use
Zdravje
Environmental conditions• Physical• Chemical• Recharge
• Fizikalno• Kemično• Obnavljanje
Agriculture Industry Energy Transport Services Households/ Consumption
Kmetijstvo Industrija Energetika Transport Gospodinjstva/ Poraba
Commission Water Framework Directive report, March 2007
Poročilo Evropske komisije o Vodni direktivi, marec 2007
The status (S) and impacts (I) concerns both the groundwater resource and the associated and dependent aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
Stanje (S) in vplivi (I) se odražajo na podzemni vodi kot tudi na pripadajočih vodnih in neposredno odvisnih kopenskih ekosistemih.
The responses (R) are the action programmes of relevant EU legislations (primarily the programme of measures of the Water Framework Directive)
Odzivi so programi ukrepov relevantne EU zakonodaje (predvsem programi ukrepov Vodne direktive)
Risks of pollution from diffuse/point sources (urban, agriculture, industrial): “bodies at risk”
Nevarnost onesnaženja iz razpršenih/točkovnih virov (urbani, kmetijski, industrijski): “ogrožena vodna telesa”
Drinking water abstraction (user as receptor)
Črpanje pitne vode (uporabnik kot receptor)
Direct or indirect discharges
Direktni ali indirektni izpusti
Quality objectives (linked to background Levels and aquifer vulnerability)
Cilji kakovosti(vezani na vrednosti naravnega ozadja in ranljivost vodonosnikov)
Interaction with aquatic and terrestral ecosystems as receptors.
Interakcije z vodnimi in kopenskimi ekosistemi kot receptorji.
Establish registers of protected areas within each river basin districts, which have been designated as requiring specific protection of their surface and ground waters or for the conservation of habitats and species directly dependent on water.
Znotraj vsakega vodnega območja vzpostavijo registre zavarovanih območij, ki so določena zaradi posebne zaščite površinskih in podzemnih voda ali ohranjanja habitatov in vrst, ki so neposredno odvisni od vode.
The registers must include all bodies of water used for the extraction of drinking water and all protected areas covered under the following directives: the Bathing Water Directive6, the vulnerable zones under the Nitrates Directive7, the sensitive areas under the Urban Wastewater Directive8, and the areas designated for the protection of habitats and
Registri morajo vključevati vsa vodna telesa, ki se uporabljajo za črpanje pitne vode, in vsa zavarovana območja po naslednjih direktivah:
10 species including relevant Natura 2000 sites designated under the habitats and wild birds directives.
, ranljiva območja po Nitratni direktivi
The registers are to be reviewed under the River Basin Management Plan updates.
, občutljiva območja po Direktivi o komunalnih odpad- nih vodah8, območja, namenjena varovanju habitatov in vrst, vključno z območji Nature 2000, določenimi v okviru Direktive o habitatih9 in Ptičje direktive10.
Establish groundwater monitoring networks based on the results of characterisation and risk assessment to provide a comprehensive overview of groundwater chemical and quantitative status.
Na podlagi opredelitve značilnosti vodnih teles in ocene tveganja, vzpostavijo mreže za monitoring, s katerim se zagotovi celovit pregled kemijskega in količinskega stanja podzemne vode.
Member States had to design a monitoring programme to be operational by the end of 2006.
Države članice so morale vzpostaviti in začeti izvajati programe monitoringov do konca leta 2006.
In this context, data monitoring data constitutes an essential element of the overall management cycle (Figure 3).
Podatki, pridobljeni v okviru monitoringa, predstavljajo bistven element v celotnem ciklu upravljanja z vodami (slika 3).
The water management cycle
Upravljanje z vodami
Water management
Zahteve po informacijah
Information needs
Uporaba informacij
Assessment strategy
Ocenjevanje in poročanje
Monitoring programme
Analiza podatkov
Sample collection
Obdelava podatkov
Produce a river basin management plan (RBMP) for each river basin district which must include a summary of pressures and impacts of human activity on groundwater status, a presentation in map form of monitoring results, a summary of the economic analysis of water use, a summary of protection programmes, and control and remediation measures.
Za vsako vodno območje izdelajo načrt upravljanja voda (NUV), ki mora vključevati povzetek obremenitev in vplivov človekove dejavnosti na stanje podzemne vode, predstavitev rezultatov monitoringa v obliki kart, povzetek ekonomske analize rabe vode, povzetek programov varovanja ter ukrepov nadziranja in sanacije.
The f i first RBPM is scheduled to be published by the end of 2009.
Objava prvega načrta je predvidena do konca leta 2009.
A review is then planned by the end of 2015 and every six years thereafter.
Prvi načrt se ponovno pregleda in dopolni do konca leta 2015 in potem vsakih šest let.
Take into account by 2010 the principle of recovery of costs for water services, including environmental and resource costs in accordance with the polluter pays principle.
Do leta 2010 upoštevajo načelo povračila stroškov storitev na področju vode, skupaj s stroški varstva okolja in izkoriščanja virov v skladu z načelom onesnaževalec plača.
Design by the end of 2009 a programme of measures for achieving WFD environmental objectives (e.g. abstraction control, prevent or control pollution measures) that should be operational by the end of 2012.
Do konca leta 2009 oblikujejo programe ukrepov za uresničevanje okoljskih ciljev Vodne direktive (ukrepi za nadziranje črpanja, ukrepi za preprečevanje ali nadziranje onesnaževanja), ki se morajo začeti izvajati do konca leta 2012.
Basic measures include, in particular, controls of groundwater abstraction, controls (with prior authorisation) of artificial recharge or expansion of groundwater bodies (providing that it does not compromise the achievement of environmental objectives).
Osnovni ukrepi vključujejo zlasti nadzor črpanja podzemne vode in nadzor (s predhodnim dovoljenjem) umetnega napajanja ali bogatenja vodnih teles podzemne vode (pod pogojem, da to ne ogroža uresničevanja okoljskih ciljev).
Point source discharges and diffuse sources liable to cause pollution are also regulated under the basic measures.
V okviru osnovnih ukrepov je urejeno tudi odvajanje iz točkovnih in razpršenih virov onesnaženja.
Direct discharges of pollutants into groundwater are prohibited subject to a range of provisions listed in Article 11 of the WFD.
Neposredno odvajanje onesnaževal v podzemno vodo je prepovedano na podlagi vrste določb, naštetih v 11. členu Vodne direktive.
The programme of measures has to be reviewed and if necessary updated by 2015 and every six years thereafter.
Program ukrepov je treba ponovno pregledati in po potrebi posodobiti do leta 2015 in zatem vsakih šest let.
Figure 4 summarises the main basic and supplementary measures covered by the WFD.
Slika 4 povzema osnovne in dopolnilne ukrepe, ki jih predpisuje Vodna direktiva.
Measures under EU legislation
Ukrepi v skladu z EU zakonodajo
BASIC MEASURES
OSNOVNI UKREPI
Bathing Water Directive 76/160/EEC Birds Directive 79/409/EEC Drinking Water Directive 98/83/EEC Major Accidents (Seveso) Directive 96/82/EC Environment Impact Assessment 85/337/EEC Sewage Sludge Directive 86/278/EEC Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive 91/271/EEC Plant Protection Products Directive 91/414/EEC Nitrates Directive 91/676/EEC Habitats Directive 92/43/EECIntegrated Pollution Prevention Control 96/61/EEC
Direktiva o kopalnih vodah 76/160/EGS Ptičja direktiva 79/409/EGS Direktiva o pitni vodi 98/83/ES Direktiva o večjih nesrečah (Seveso) 96/82/ES Direktiva o presoji vplivov na okolje 85/337/EGS Direktiva o blatu iz čistilnih naprav 86/278/EEC Direkt. o čiščenju komun. odpadne vode 91/271/EEC Direktiva o fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih 91/414/EGS Nitratna direktiva 91/676/EGS Habitatna direktiva 92/43/EGSIPPC direktiva 96/61/ES
Supplementary measures
Dodatni ukrepi
SUPPLEMENTARY MEASURES
DODATNI UKREPI
Legislative, administrative or fiscal instruments Negotiated environmental programmes Emission controls, abstraction controls Codes of good practice, demand management Recreation and restoration of wetland areas Efficiency and reuse measures Desalination plants Construction projects, rehabilitation projects Artificial recharge of aquifers Educational projects, research, demonstration
Pravni, administrativni in fiskalni instrumenti Pogajanja o okoljskih programih Nadzor emisij, nadzor nad odvzemanjem Kodeksi dobre prakse, usmerjanje povpraševanja Ponovna vzpostavitev in obnova močvirij Ukrepi za gospodarnost in ponovno uporabo Razsoljevalni obrati Gradbeni projekti, projekti rehabilitacije Umetno obnavljanje vodonosnikov Izobraževalni projekti, raziskave, predstavitve
Other related directives
Druge direktive, ki se nanašajo na varovanje podzemne vode
Laws designed to protect groundwater against pollution and deterioration are part of a larger regulatory framework that can be traced back to the 1990s.
Zakonodaja, namenjena varovanju podzemne vode pred onesnaženjem in poslabšanjem, je del širšega zakonodajnega okvira, katerega začetki segajo v devetdeseta leta 20. stoletja.
The concept of groundwater protection as tackled by different pieces of legislation is now fully integrated into the basic measures of the Water Framework Directive.
Koncept varstva podzemne vode, kakor ga obravnavajo različni zakonodajni dokumenti, je zdaj popolnoma vključen v osnovne ukrepe Vodne direktive3
Sectors covered by EU legal instruments that are directly or indirectly relevant to groundwater protection (UWW: urban waste water – CPD: construction products directive – IPPC: integrated pollution prevention control).
Slika 5 – Področja, ki jih pokrivajo pravni instrumenti EU in so neposredno ali posredno povezana z zaščito podzemne vode (UWW: komunalne odpadne vode – CPD: direktiva o gradbenih proizvodih – IPPC: celovito preprečevanje in nadzorovanje onesnaženja).
This list is not exhaustive.
Seznam ni popoln.
Sewage sludge landfill ll
Blato iz čistilnihnaprav, deponije
Bathing water
Kopalne vode
The different instruments are directly linked to the Water Framework Directive and to the new Groundwater Directive.
Različni instrumenti so neposredno povezani z Vodno direktivo in z novo Direktivo o podzemnih vodah.
They are part of a set of measures that need to be operational to achieve “good environmental status” objective by the end of 2015.
Predstavljajo del ukrepov, ki jih bo treba izvajati, da bi dosegli dobro stanje okolja do konca leta 2015.
They all seek to prevent or limit pollutant inputs into groundwater.
Namen vseh instrumentov je preprečevanje ali omejevanje vnosa onesnaževal v podzemno vodo.
Their main features are summarised below:
Njihove glavne značilnosti so povzete v nadaljevanju:
The Nitrates Directive aims to reduce and prevent water pollution caused by nitrates from agricultural sources.
Cilj Nitratne direktive7 je zmanjšati in preprečevati onesnaževanje vode, ki ga povzročajo nitrati iz kmetijskih virov.
It requests Member States to designate vulnerable zones of all known areas of land in their territories, which drain into the waters – including groundwater – that are, or are likely to be, affected by nitrate pollution.
Nitratna direktiva od držav članic zahteva, da določijo ranljiva območja na vseh površinah, s katerih odtekajo vode – vključno s podzemno – ki so prizadete ali jih utegne prizadeti onesnaženje z nitrati.
Such waters are those, among others, which contain a nitrates concentration of more than 50 mg/l or are likely to contain such concentrations if measures are not taken.
To so tiste vode, ki vsebujejo nad 50 mg/l nitratov ali bi lahko vsebovale take koncentracije, če ukrepi ne bi bili sprejeti.
The link with groundwater policy is clear in this respect, i.e. nitrate concentrations in groundwater should not exceed the trigger value of 50 mg/l.
Povezava s politiko o podzemni vodi je jasna, to pomeni, da koncentracije nitratov ne smejo preseči mejne vrednosti 50 mg/l.
Action programmes under the Nitrates Directive are one of the basic measures of the Water Framework Directive (Annex VI) and a mechanism for reversing nitrate pollution trends under the Groundwater Directive (Annex IV, part B).
Akcijski programi po Nitratni direktivi so eden osnovnih ukrepov Vodne direktive (priloga VI) in mehanizem za obrat trendov onesnaženosti z nitrati po Direktivi o podzemnih vodah (priloga IV, del B).
The Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive aims to protect the environment from the adverse effects of discharges of urban waste water and waste water from certain industrial sectors.
Cilj Direktive o čiščenju komunalne odpadne vode8 je varovanje okolja pred škodljivimi učinki odvajanja komunalne odpadne vode in odpadne vode iz industrijskih virov.
In this context, the identification of “sensitive areas” relates essentially to freshwater, estuaries or coastal waters which are found to be eutrophic, lakes and streams reaching lakes/reservoirs with poor water exchange, and surface freshwater intended for drinking water which could contain concentrations of nitrates of more than 50 mg/l.
Določitev »občutljivih območij«, ki jih zahteva Direktiva o čiščenju komunalne odpadne vode, se nanaša na sladko vodo, ustja rek in obalne vode, ki so bogate s hranilnimi snovmi, na jezera in vodotoke, ki se izlivajo v jezera oz. rezervoarje z majhno vodno izmenjavo, in na površinsko sladko vodo, namenjeno za pitno vodo, ki bi lahko vsebovala koncentracije nitratov višje kot 50 mg/l.
Links with the groundwater regulatory framework is mainly through obligations to prevent or limit inputs of pollutants (including from urban origin) into groundwater.
Povezava te direktive z zakonodajo o podzemni vodi se nanaša predvsem na obveznost preprečevanja ali omejevanja vnosa onesnaževal (vključno onesnaževal komunalnega izvora) v podzemno vodo.
The Plant Protection Products Directive11 and The Biocides Directive concerns the authorisation, placing on the market, use and control within the European Union of commercial plant protection products and biocidal products such as pesticides, herbicides, or fungicides.
Direktiva o fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih11 in Direktiva o biocidnih pripravkih v Evropski uniji obravnavata izda- jo dovoljenj, dajanje na trg, uporabo in nadzor fitofarmacevtskih sredstev in biocidnih pripravkov, kot so pesticidi, herbicidi ali fungicidi.
Regarding groundwater, authorisation is only granted if products have no harmful effect on human health or on groundwater, and that do not have undesirable affects on the environment, particularly on the contamination of water, including drinking water and groundwater.
Glede podzemne vode se dovoljenje izda samo v primeru, če izdelki ne vplivajo škodljivo na človekovo zdravje ali na podzemno vodo in če nimajo nezaželenih učinkov na okolje, zlasti na onesnaženje voda, vključno s pitno in
The new Groundwater Directive has set maximum permissible concentrations in groundwater as groundwater quality standards.
4 določa najvišje dovoljene koncentracije fitofarmacevtskih sredstev v podzemno vodo. Nova Direktiva o podzemni vodi podzemni vodi kot standarde kakovosti podzemne vode.
The Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Directive13 lays down measures designed to prevent or reduce air, water, or ground pollution.
Direktiva o celovitem preprečevanju in nadzorovanju onesnaževanja (IPPC)13določa ukrepe, namenjene preprečevanju ali zmanjševanju onesnaževanja zraka, vode ali tal.
The directive applies to a significant number of mainly industrial activities with a high pollution potential such as the energy sector, the production and processing of metals, the mineral and chemical industries, waste management facilities, food production and non-industrial activities such as livestock farming.
Direktiva se uporablja predvsem za številne industrijske dejavnosti z visoko možnostjo onesnaževanja, kot so energetika, proizvodnja in obdelava kovin, mineralna in kemična industrija, objekti za ravnanje z odpadki, proizvodnja živil ter neindustrijske dejavnosti, kot je živinoreja.
It establishes provisions for issuing permits for existing and new installations.
Uvaja določbe za izdajanje dovoljenj za obstoječe in nove obrate.
The permits include requirements to ensure the protection of soils and groundwater and set emission limits for pollutants.
Dovoljenja vključujejo zahteve za zagotavljanje varstva tal in podzemne vode ter določajo mejne emisijske vrednosti za onesnaževala.
This directive, like other directives cited in this paragraph, is part of the basic measures of the WFD.
Kakor druge direktive, navedene v tem poglavju, je tudi IPPC direktiva del osnovnih ukrepov Vodne direktive.
The Landfill Directive14 seeks to prevent or reduce the negative effects of landfill waste on the environment, including groundwater.
Direktiva o odlagališčih odpadkov14 skuša preprečiti ali zmanjšati negativne učinke odlagališč na okolje, vključno s podzemno vodo.
Like the IPPC Directive, the Landfill Directive establishes provisions for issuing permits based on a range of conditions including impact assessment studies and is part of the basic measures of the WFD.
Kakor direktiva IPPC tudi direktiva o odlagališčih odpadkov uvaja določbe za izdajo dovoljenj na podlagi cele vrste pogojev, vključno s presojo vplivov na okolje, in je del osnovnih ukrepov Vodne direktive.
For each site, the groundwater, geological, and hydrogeological conditions in the area must be identified.
Za vsako odlagališče je treba opredeliti značilnosti podzemne vode ter geološke in hidrogeološke razmere na območju.
The sites must be designed so as to prevent groundwater from entering landfill waste, collect and treat contaminated water and leachate, and prevent the pollution of soils, groundwater or surface water by using the appropriate technical precautions such as geological barriers and bottom liners.
Odlagališča morajo biti načrtovana tako, da se iz odpadkov prepreči izcejanje onesnaževal v podzemno vodo ter da se zbirajo in čistijo onesnažene in izcedne vode iz odlagališča. Z uporabo ustreznih tehnično - varnostnih ukrepov, kot so pregrade in tesnilne plasti, se prepreči onesnaževanje tal in podzemne ali površinske vode.
The directive establishes criteria for waste testing and acceptance taking into consideration the protection of the surrounding environment, including groundwater.
Direktiva določa tudi merila za preizkušanje in prevzem odpadkov, ob upoštevanju varovanja okolja, vključno s podzemno vodo.
Other directives have indirect links to the groundwater regulatory framework.
Druge direktive so posredno povezane s predpisi o podzemni vodi.
These include the Waste Framework
To je Okvirna direktiva o odpadkih15, ki zahteva, da se odpadki predelajo ali odstranijo brez ogrožanja okolja in podzemne vode in Direktiva o gradbenih proizvo- dih16
Directive15 which requires waste to be recovered or disposed of without endangering the environment and groundwater and the Construction Product Directive16 which provides provisions for regulating construction products that could pose a threat to the health of future occupants or neighbours as a result of water or soil pollution or poisoning.
, v kateri so določbe o gradbenih proizvodih, ki bi lahko bili nevarni za zdravje stanovalcev ali sosedov zaradi onesnaženja ali zastrupitve vode ali tal.
The consultation process
Posvetovalni postopek
The Water Framework Directive specifically called for a daughter directive to set out detailed provisions on chemical status and other measures to identify and reverse pollution trends.
Vodna direktiva je izrecno zahtevala, da se podrobnosti o kemijskem stanju in drugih ukrepih za identifikacijo in obrat trendov onesnaževal v podzemni vodi določijo s posebno direktivo.
A proposal for the new Groundwater Directive to protect groundwater from pollution was presented by the European Commission in September 2003.
Evropska komisija je tako septembra 2003 predložila predlog za novo Direktivo o varstvu podzemne vode pred onesnaževanjem.
It introduced for the first time EU-wide quality objectives which require Member States to monitor and assess groundwater quality on the basis of common criteria and identify and reverse trends in groundwater pollution.
Predlog direktive je prvič uvedel cilje glede kakovosti podzemne vode za celotno EU. Od držav članic je zahteval, da spremljajo in ocenjujejo kakovost podzemne vode na podlagi skupnih meril in ugotavljajo ter sprožijo obrate trendov onesnaževanja podzemnih voda.
By adopting the proposal the Commission fulfilled an obligation under Article 17 of the Water Framework Directive, which requires technical specifications to complement the overall groundwater regulatory regime (covering aspects of characterisation, analyses of pressures and impacts, monitoring, and programme of measures).
S sprejetjem predloga je Komisija izpolnila obveznost po 17. členu Vodne direktive, ki zahteva tehnične specifikacije za dopolnitev splošne zakonodajne ureditve podzemnih voda (pokriva vidike opredelitve značilnosti vodnih teles, analizo obremenitev in vplivov, monitoring in programe ukrepov).