natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Frontier worker Seasonal worker Posted worker Pensioner Student Tourist Nonactive person Third-country national
Obmejni delavec Sezonski delavec Delavec, napoten na delo v drugo državo Upokojenec Študent Turist Neaktivna oseba Državljan tretje države
How do the Community provisions work in practice?
Izvajanje določb Skupnosti v praksi
Community rules have priority: do not worry about conflicting national laws and regulations Forms and formalities Foreign countries — foreign languages: not necessarily a problem!The social security institutions of the Member States: one of your points of contact for any problems Bringing a case to court: it’s your right The Court of Justice of the European Communities: legal guardian of European citizens
Predpisi Skupnosti imajo prednost: ne delajte si skrbi zaradi navzkrižja med nacionalnimi zakonodajami in uredbami43 Obrazci in formalnosti 44 Tuje države – tuji jeziki: to ni nujno težava! 46 Ustanove socialne varnosti v državah članicah: Pravi naslov v težavah 47 Pritožba na sodišče: to je vaša pravica! 48 Sodišče Evropskih skupnosti: varuh pravic evropskih državljanov 49
Further questions?
Druga vprašanja?
1.Why do we need Community provisionson social security?
Zakaj potrebujemo določbe Skupnosti o socialni varnosti?
Without Community provisions on social security, millions of Europeancitizens would be without sufficient protection.
Brez določb Skupnosti o socialni varnosti bi bilo na milijone ljudi brez ustrezne zaščite.
Employed and self-employed persons, civil servants, pensioners, students, tourists and other categories of persons exercising their right tomove and to stay freely within the European Union are confronted withvarious issues and problems concerning their social security.
Zaposlene in samozaposlene osebe, državni uradniki, upokojenci, študenti, turisti in druge kategorije oseb, ki uveljavljajo svojo pravico do svobodnega gibanja in bivanja v Evropski uniji, se srečujejo z različnimi vprašanji in težavami, povezanimi z njihovo socialno varnostjo:
Who pays the hospital bill in the case of an accident or sickness during a stay abroad?
— Kdo plača stroške zdravljenja v primeru nesreče ali bolezni med bivanjem v tujini?
What about the pension rights of a worker who was employed for several years in another country?
— Kakšne pravice do pokojnine ima oseba, ki je bila več let zaposlena v drugi državi?
Which country has to pay unemployment benefits to frontier workers?
— Katera država mora obmejnim delavcem plačevati nadomestilo za brezposelnost?
Which country is obliged to pay family benefits when children residein another Member State?
— Katera država mora plačevati družinske dodatke, če otroci prebivajo v drugi državi članici?
It is not certain that national social security legislation would always beable to provide a full or partial answer to these questions; many workerswould run the risk of being insured twice or not at all, or they might losethe social security benefit rights they have acquired without having theopportunity to build up new ones.
Nacionalne zakonodaje na področju socialne varnosti ne zagotavljajo vedno popolnega ali delnega odgovora na ta vprašanja: številni delavci lahko tvegajo, da so zavarovani dvakrat ali nikjer, lahko izgubijo pridobljene pravice do socialnih nadomestil, ne da bi imeli možnost pridobiti novo.
This is why we need European provisions applicable across the Union for efficient and complete protection.
Za zagotovitev učinkovite in popolne varnosti zato potrebujemo evropske določbe, ki veljajo v vsej Uniji.
Only if it can be guaranteed that persons covered by these provisionsmoving within the Union do not suffer disadvantages in the field oftheir social security, will they be unafraid to exercise their right to moveto and stay in another Member State.
Osebe, za katere veljajo te določbe, bodo brezskrbno uveljavljale svojo pravico do gibanja in bivanja v Uniji samo, če bodo prepričane, da ne bodo prikrajšane na področju socialne varnosti.
These provisions have existed for more than 30 years.
Te določbe obstajajo že več kot trideset let.
They have beenadapted, improved and extended many times.
Večkrat so že bile prilagojene, izboljšalne in razširjene. Zdaj
) For an updated version of the regulations which takes account of all amendments up to the end of 2004, see: http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/consleg/main/1971/en_1971r1408_ index.html
Službe Komisije Evropskih skupnosti si bodo še naprej prizadevale izboljšati in poenostaviti določbe Skupnosti, da bi te postale razumljivejše in bi se odpravile obstoječe pomanjkljivosti.
The regulations offer practical and satisfactory solutions to most of thecross-border problems arising in the field of social security.
Podobno kot pri nacionalnih določbah o socialni varnosti je tudi jezik določb Skupnosti o socialni varnosti videti na prvi pogled težek, strokoven in zapleten.
As you willsee, there are still some problems for which solutions have yet to befound.
Naj vam to ne vzame poguma. Osnovna načela so lzlahka razumljiva tudi za laike.
Community social security provisions, just like national social securityprovisions, may at first sight seem difficult, technical and complex.However, do not be discouraged: the basic principles are easy to understand, even for non-specialists.
Upamo, da vam bo razlaga, ki sledi, dala splošen pregled, toda preden se na podlagi tega vodnika odločite o svoji poslovni ali zasebni prihodnosti, se glede vsakega posameznega primera posvetujte s pristojnimi javnimi organi, nosilci zavarovanja ali različnimi organizacijami in združenji, katerih naloga je reševanje težav delavcev, ki se gibljejo v Evropski uniji in Evropskem gospodarskem prostoru.
The following explanations are intended to give you a general overview.For specific cases, you should consult the competent authorities or insurance institutions or the various organisations and associations concernedwith the problems of workers moving within the European Union and the European Economic Area before taking decisions on your professional orprivate future on the basis of this guide.
(') Posodobljena različica uredb, ki združuje vse spremembe do leta 2004, je objavljena na naslednjem naslovu: http://europa.eu.int/eur- lex/fr/lif/reg/fr_register_05204020.html
2.Do these provisions apply to you?
Ali te določbe veljajo za vas?
At present, the Community provisions on social security do not yet applyto all persons moving or staying within the European Union and the European Economic Area.
Zaenkrat se določbe Skupnosti o socialni varnosti še ne uporabljajo za vse osebe, ki se gibljejo ali bivajo v državah članicah Evropske unije in Evropskem gospodarskem prostoru.
It is therefore important for you to knowwhether you are personally covered and protected by these provisions.Only if this is the case can you have recourse to them before nationalcourts and institutions.
Naslednje osebe, ki imajo državljanstvo ene od držav članic Evropske unije ali Evropskega gospodarskega prostora, so zaščitene z določbami Skupnosti:
The following persons who are nationals of a Member State of the European Union or the European Economic Area are protected by the Community provisions:
— zaposlene in samozaposlene osebe, zavarovane v skladu z zakonodajo ene od teh držav;
• employed and self-employed persons who are or have been insuredunder the legislation of one of these States; civil servants (2);students (3);
— državni uradniki(2); — študenti(3);
• • • pensioners, even if they had already become pensioners before theircountry joined the European Union or the European Economic Area;
— upokojenci, tudi če so se upokojili pred pristopom njihove države k Evropski uniji ali Evropskemu gospodarskemu prostoru;
• members of the families and survivors of the above persons, regardless of their nationality.
— preživeli družinski člani zgoraj navedenih oseb, ne glede na njihovo narodnost.
As a rule, the status of family member isdefined in the legislation of the State of residence.
Načeloma je status družinskega člana opredeljen v zakonodaji države stalnega prebivališča;
• third-country nationals (for further information, see Section 6.8).
— državljani tretjih držav (podrobnosti lahko najdete v točki 6.8).
Those not protected by the Community provisions are all persons notbelonging to one of the categories mentioned above, in particular:
Osebe, ki ne sodijo v nobeno od zgoraj omenjenih kategorij, niso zaščitene z določbami Skupnosti.
• persons who are not or are no longer covered by a national generalsocial security scheme, and are not or are no longer considered asmembers of the family of an employed or self-employed person orof a pensioner (non-active persons).
To so zlasti: osebe, ki niso ali niso več zajete v splošni nacionalni sistem socialne varnosti ter niso ali niso več obravnavane kot družinski člani zaposlene osebe, samozaposlene osebe ali upokojenca (neaktivnih oseb);
(2) Council Regulation (EC) No 1606/98 of 29 June 1998 (OJ L 209, 25.7.1998).(3) Council Regulation (EC) No 307/99 of 8 February 1999 (OJ L 38, 12.2.1999).
C) Uredba (ES) št. 1606/98 Sveta z dne 29. junija 1998, objavljena v UL L 209 25.7.1998. C) Uredba (ES) št. 307/1999 Sveta z dne 8. februarja 1999, objavljena v UL L 38 12.2.1999.
You can rely on the Community provisions on social security in all of thecountries belonging to the European Union or to the European Economic Area. These are:
Na določbe Skupnosti o socialni varnosti se lahko sklicujete v vseh državah članicah Evropske unije ali Evropskega gospodarskega prostora, natančneje v naslednjih državah:
Cyprus Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Hungary Malta Netherlands Austria Poland Portugal
Ciper, Madžarska, Latvija, Litva, Malta, Poljska, Slovaška, Republika Češka, Estonija, Slovenija.
Since 1 June 2002, the social security regulations have also applied in Switzerland, under a bilateral agreement between that country and the Community.
Treba je opozoriti, da se v skladu z dvostranskim sporazumom med Švico in Skupnostjo določbe o socialni varnosti od 1. junija 2002 uporabljajo tudi v Švici.
Remark Wherever the terms ‘country’, ‘State’ or ‘Member State’ are used in thisguide, they always refer to the above countries.
Opomba Kadar se v tem vodniku uporablja izraz „države“, „država“ ali „država članica“, gre vedno za zgoraj naštete države.
All other States arereferred to as ‘third countries’.
Vse druge države so imenovane „tretje države“.
If you can produce evidence of insurance periods completed in a Member State or third country, the Community social security provisionsdo not apply to you with regard to this third country.
Če lahko dokažete zavarovalne dobe v državi članici in v tretji državi, potem določbe Skupnosti o socialni varnosti v tretji državi za vas ne veljajo.
However, in manycases there are bilateral agreements between a Member State and athird country or between the European Union and a third country whichoffer similar protection.
Kljub temu so v številnih primerih med državo članico in tretjo državo ali med Evropsko unijo in tretjo državo sklenjeni dvostranski sporazumi o socialni varnosti, ki zagotavljajo podobno zaščito.
For more detailed information consult thesocial security institutions in your own country.
Za podrobnosti se obrnite na ustanove socialne varnosti v svoji državi.
The Community provisions on social security apply to all national legislation on:
Določbe Skupnosti o socialni varnosti se uporabljajo za vso nacionalno zakonodajo na naslednjih področjih:
• • • • • • • • • sickness and maternity,accidents at work,occupational diseases,invalidity benefits,old-age pensions,survivors’ benefits,death grants,unemployment benefits,family benefits.
— bolezen in materinstvo, — nesreče pri delu, — poklicne bolezni, — nadomestilo za invalidnost, — starostne pokojnine, — nadomestilo preživelim družinskim članom , — pomoči ob smrti, — nadomestilo za brezposelnost, — družinski dodatki.
This means you can always have recourse to the Community provisionswhen they are necessary for your entitlement to benefits.
To pomeni, da se lahko vedno sklicujete na določbe Skupnosti, kadar so te določbe potrebne za vašo upravičenost do nadomestil.
The Community provisions do not apply, however, to the followingareas:
Vendar pa se določbe Skupnosti ne uporabljajo na naslednjih področjih:
• social and medical assistance: these are benefits which are normallymeans-tested and not linked to one of the categories mentionedabove; benefits granted to victims of war or its consequences;
— socialna in zdravstvena pomoč: ta nadomestila so običajno odvisna od dohodka in niso povezana z eno od zgoraj omenjenih kategorij;
A Council directive has safeguarded benefits under occupational pen-
— nadomestila v skladu z obstoječimi programi predčasne upokojitve; za ta nadomestila se lahko uporabljajo druge določbe Skupnosti.
In some cases, it may perhaps be difficult to determine whether or nota particular benefit is covered by the Community provisions.
V nekaterih primerih je morda težko določiti, ali je določena dajatev zajeta v določbe Skupnosti ali ne.
Do not hesitate to contact the appropriate institution to find out for certain.
V tem primeru se posvetujte z ustrezno ustanovo.
) Council Directive 98/49/EC of 29 June 1998 (OJ L 209, 25.7.1998).
(") Direktiva 98/49/ES Sveta z dne 29 junija 1998, objavljena v UL L 209 25.7.1998.
Important The Community provisions apply to social security matters but notto taxation, which is governed by bilateral agreements.
Pomembno Določbe Skupnosti veljajo za področja socialne varnosti in ne za obdavčenje, ki ga urejajo dvostranski sporazumi.
Please askthe tax authorities in your own country for information on yourparticular case.
O podrobnostih v zvezi s svojim položajem se posvetujte z davčnimi organi v svoji državi.
What is the content of the Communityprovisions on social security?
Kakšna je vsebina določb Skupnosti o socialni varnosti?
The Community provisions on social security do not replace the different national social security systems by a single European system.
Določbe Skupnosti o socialni varnosti ne nadomestijo različnih nacionalnih sistemov socialne varnosti z enotnim evropskim sistemom.
Suchharmonisation would not be possible because of the wide divergence instandards of living among the 28 States belonging to the European Union and the European Economic Area.
Taka uskladitev ni mogoča zaradi velikih razlik med osemindvajsetimi državami članicami Evropske unije in Evropskega gospodarskega prostora.
Moreover, even those Stateswith similar standards of living have different social security systemswhich are the result of long-standing traditions deeply rooted in national culture and preferences.
Ti različni sistemi socialne varnosti so posledica dolgoletne tradicije, močno ukoreninjene v nacionalno kulturo, in posebnih ugodnosti.
Rather than harmonising the national social security systems, the Community provisions on social security provide for simple coordinationof these systems.
Določbe Skupnosti o socialni varnosti niso namenjene usklajevanju nacionalnih sistemov socialne varnosti, ampak zgolj njihovi koordinaciji.
In other words, every Member State is free to decide who is to beinsured under its legislation; which benefits are granted and underwhat conditions; how these benefits are calculated and how many contributions should be paid.
Z drugimi besedami, vsaka država članica lahko sama odloči, kdo mora biti zavarovan v skladu z zakonodajo, katera nadomestila se dodelijo in pod kakšnimi pogoji, na kakšen način se nadomestila izračunajo in koliko prispevkov je treba plačevati.
The Community provisions establish commonrules and principles which have to be observed by all national authorities, social security institutions, courts and tribunals when applyingnational laws.
Določbe Skupnosti določajo skupna pravila in načela, ki jih morajo pri uporabi nacionalnih zakonov spoštovati vsi nacionalni javni organi, ustanove socialne varnosti in sodišča.
By doing so, they ensure that the application of the different national legislations does not adversely affect persons exercisingtheir right to move and to stay within the European Union and the European Economic Area.
S tem se zagotovi, da uporaba različnih nacionalnih zakonodaj ne škodi osebam, ki uveljavljajo svojo pravico do gibanja in bivanja v Evropski uniji ter Evropskem gospodarskem prostoru.
In simple terms, a person who has exercised the right to move within the Union may not be placed in a worse position than a person who hasalways resided and worked in one single Member State.
Povedano preprosto, če uveljavite pravico do gibanja in bivanja, ne smete biti v slabšem položaju kot oseba, ki od nekdaj živi in dela v eni državi članici.
This requiressolutions to the following problems in particular.
Zato je treba zlasti rešiti težave, opisane spodaj.
In some Member States, social security is based on residence, whilstin others only persons exercising an occupational activity (and themembers of their families) are insured.
• V nekaterih državah članicah socialna varnost temelji na stalnem prebivališču, v drugih pa so zavarovane samo osebe, ki opravljajo poklicno dejavnost (in njihovi družinski člani).
Under national legislation, entitlement to benefits is oftenconditional upon the completion of certain periods of insurance,employment or residence (depending on the country and the typeof benefit: six months, one year, five years, 10 years, or up to 15 years in some cases).
Da bi se izognili temu, da bi bili delavci migranti zavarovani v dveh državah ali nikjer , določbe Skupnosti o socialni varnosti določajo, katera nacionalna zakonodaja se uporablja za delavca migranta v vsakem posameznem primeru.
Example What would happen to a migrant worker who becomes an invalid and whowas first insured for four years in a Member State where an insurance period of at least five years is required for entitlement to invalidity benefits andthen for 14 years in a Member State where 15 years of insurance arerequired?
Primer Kaj se zgodi z delavcem migrantom, ki postane invalid in je bil najprej štiri leta zavarovan v državi članici, v kateri se za upravičenost do nadomestila za invalidnost zahteva najmanj pet let zavarovalne dobe, potem pa je bil še štirinajst let zavarovan v državi članici, v kateri se zahteva najmanj petnajst let zavarovalne dobe?
If the regulations did not exist, this worker, according to national law alone,would not be entitled to invalidity benefits in either of these States despitehaving been insured for a total of 18 years.
Če uredbe ne bi obstajale, ta delavec samo po nacionalnih zakonodajah ne bi bil upravičen do nadomestila za invalidnost v nobeni od teh dveh držav, čeprav je bil skupaj zavarovan osemnajst let.
The Community provisions provide for ‘aggregation of periods’, whichmeans that periods of insurance, employment or residence completedunder the legislation of one Member State are taken into consideration,where necessary, for entitlement to benefit under the legislation ofanother Member State.
Določbe Skupnosti predvidevajo „seštevanje dob“; to pomeni, da se po potrebi upoštevajo izpolnjena zavarovalna doba, doba zaposlitve ali stalnega bivanja v skladu z zakonodajo ene države članice za upravičenost do nadomestila v skladu z zakonodajo druge države članice.
According to national law, benefits are very often paid only to persons residing within the territory of the State concerned; in othercases, the amount of benefit is reduced (e.g. 70 % instead of 100 %)if a person resides abroad.
V skladu z nacionalno zakonodajo se nadomestila pogosto plačujejo samo osebam s stalnim bivališčem na ozemlju zadevne države; v drugih primerih se znesek nadomestila zmanjša (na primer 70 % namesto 100 %), če se oseba za stalno preseli v tujino.
This would be particularly disadvantageous for frontier workers, seasonal workers and members of thefamilies of migrant workers still residing in the State of origin, aswell as for pensioners who have been employed in several Member States or who simply decide to move to another country after reaching pensionable age.
Te okoliščine so še zlasti neugodne za obmejne delavce, sezonske delavce, družinske člane delavcev migrantov, ki še vedno prebivajo v državi izvora, in upokojence, ki so bili zaposleni v več državah članicah ali so se ob upokojitvi preprosto odločili, da se bodo preselili v drugo državo članico.
The Community provisions on social securityprovide appropriate solutions to this problem for every category ofbenefit.
Določbe Skupnosti o socialni varnosti za vse kategorije nadomestil predlagajo ustrezne rešitve teh težav.
Whenever the legislation of several countries is involved, the Community provisions on social security determine which countryhas to pay benefits.
Kadar gre za zakonodaje več držav članic, določbe Skupnosti o socialni varnosti določajo, katera država mora plačevati dajatve.
They neither introduce new types of benefit, nor do they abolish national legislation.
Takšna je torej vloga določb Skupnosti o socialni varnosti.
Their only purpose is to protect European citizens working, residingor staying in another Member State.
Te določbe ne uvajajo novih vrst nadomestil in ne razveljavljajo nacionalne zakonodaje.
5.1.In which country are you insured?
Njihov cilj je izključno zaščita evropskih državljanov, ki delajo ali stalno ali začasno bivajo v drugi državi članici.
You are subject to the legislation of only one Member State at a time
V kateri državi ste zavarovani?
This principle applies to all employed and self-employed persons covered by the Community provisions, regardless of the number of Stateswhere an occupational activity is carried out.
Preden začnete poklicno dejavnost v tujini, morate vedeti, v kateri državi boste zavarovani. Z drugimi besedami, socialna zakonodaja katere države članice bo veljala za vas?
Even persons who areemployed in four or five Member States are subject to the legislation ofa single Member State at a time.
To ni pomembno samo zaradi plačevanja prispevkov za socialno varnost, ampak tudi zaradi vaših pravic do nadomestil in pridobitve prihodnjih pravic do pokojnine.
There is only one small exception to this basic principle: a person who issimultaneously employed in one Member State and self-employed inanother may — in exceptional cases — be insured in both of these States.
Določbe Skupnosti o socialni varnosti zagotavljajo podrobna pravila, ki v vsakem posameznem primeru določajo, katera nacionalna zakonodaja se uporablja. Osnovna načela so preprosta in so razložena spodaj.
You are insured in the country where you exercise youroccupational activity
Za vas velja samo zakonodaja ene države članice hkrati
This applies to employed and self-employed persons alike, even if theyreside in the territory of another country or their companies or employers are situated in another Member State.
To načelo se uporablja za zaposlene in samozaposlene osebe, za katere veljajo določbe Skupnosti, ne glede na število držav, v katerih opravljajo poklicno dejavnost.
It does not matter whether ornot you take up residence in the ‘new’ country of employment.
Za osebe, ki delajo v štirih ali petih državah članicah, prav tako velja samo zakonodaja ene države članice hkrati.
Even asa frontier worker who remains a resident of the ‘old’ country of employment, you will be insured under the legislation of the country whereyou work.
To osnovno načelo pozna samo eno izjemo: oseba, ki je hkrati zaposlena v eni državi članici in samozaposlena v drugi, je lahko, v izjemnih primerih, zavarovana v obeh državah.
Temporary exception: posting abroad
Zavarovani ste v državi, v kateri opravljate poklicno dejavnost
It may happen that the undertaking which employs you in one countrywill temporarily send you to work in another country (‘posting’).
To načelo se uporablja za zaposlene in samozaposlene osebe, tudi če prebivajo na ozemlju druge države ali če imajo njihova podjetja ali delodajalci sedež v drugi državi članici.
If theperiod of work abroad does not exceed 12 months (and you are not sentto replace another employee whose period of posting has ended), theapplicable legislation will not change.
Z drugimi besedami, če prekinete delo v eni državi članici, da bi opravljali poklicno dejavnost v drugi državi članici, za vas velja zakonodaja „nove“ države zaposlitve.