natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
This change is meant to simplify the system: the old method of calculation was becoming extremely complex because reductions of fishing days had to be modulated in terms of gear selectivity, engine power, the local characteristics of fisheries, etc.
Načrti in njihovi spremljevalni letni ukrepi se sprejemajo v tesnem dogovoru z regionalnimi svetovalnimi sveti (RSS).
The annexes to the‘TACs and quotas’regulation on fishing effort restriction grew longer each year with the addition of derogations that were hard to implement and enforce.
Izmenjava med strokovnjaki, znanstveniki in nosilci političnega odločanja je dejanska.
For example, when the new multiannual plan was being drafted for Northern hake, the North Sea and North Western Waters RACs expressed their opposition to the increase in mesh size and the closing of additional fishing grounds.
Treba je opozoriti, da se odslej ribolovni napor nič več ne ocenjuje s številom dni ribolova, ampak so zgornje meje dejavnosti izražene v kilovatih na dan ( k W / dan ) .
The Commission took their opinions into account.
Ta merska enota meri pogonsko moč v enem ribolovnem dnevu.
The sector’s interest is such that the RACs are beginning to take initiatives on their own.
Temelji na moči glavnega motorja plovila in se evidentira, takoj ko to izpluje iz pristanišča.
The multiannual plan for Western horse mackerel was drawn up and proposed by the Pelagic RAC.
Namen te spremembe je poenostaviti sistem, ker je prejšnji izračun postal zelo zapleten; treba je bilo namreč zmanjševati število dni glede na selektivnost uporabljenih orodij, moč motorja, lokalne značilnosti ribištev itd.
It was approved by scientific bodies, and the European Commission
Priloge o omejitvah ribolovnega napora k uredbi o„TAC in kvotah“ so bile vsako leto dopolnjene s številnimi odstopanji, ki jih je bilo težko vzpostaviti in nadzirati.
Indeed the process has been simplified, as seen in the example of measures to restrict fishing effort under the multiannual plans for cod, Northern hake and sole and plaice in the North Sea.
Tako sta RSS za Severno morje in severozahodne vode pri pripravi predloga za nov večletni načrt za severni stalež osliča nasprotovala povečanju velikosti mrežnega očesa in vzpostavitvi novih območij prepovedanega ribolova.
These measures took up 19 pages in the Official Journal in 2008 compared with only seven pages in 2009.
Komisija je ta mnenja upoštevala.
Flexibility on management of fishing effort for small vessels with an overall length of between 8 and 12 metres.
od britanskega otočja)• Trska v Keltskem morju
At bilateral and multilateral level The European Union has agreed long-term plans with Norway for most North Sea stocks.
Trska v Baltskem morju Načrt sprejet – septembra 2007 (Uredba (ES) št. 1098/2007).Cilj – Zagotoviti trajnostno izkoriščanje staležev s postopnim zmanjševanjem stopnje smrtnosti zaradi ribolova ob ohranjanju ravni nad ali enako 0,6 za ribe, stare od 3 do 6 let, pri staležu trske v zahodnem Baltskem morju in 0,3 za ribe, stare od 4 do 7 let, pri trski v vzhodnem Baltskem morju.Posebni pogoji – Izločitev majhnih plovil, krajših od 8 metrov.
In addition to plaice and cod, stocks of saithe, herring and haddock are covered by such plans, which aim to establish maximum sustainable yield.
Prožnost upravljanja ribolovnega napora za majhna plovila, dolga od 8 do 12 metrov.
Plans have also been agreed with northwest Atlantic neighbouring countries for mackerel, blue whiting and Atlanto-Scandian herring.
Sporazumi so bili sklenjeni tudi s sosednjimi državami v severozahodnem Atlantiku, in sicer za skušo, sinjega mola in sled v Atlantiku in ob Skandinaviji.
Herring in waters west of Scotland Adoption – December 2008 (Regulation (EC) 1300/2008).Objective – To reduce fishing mortality to a level permitting sustainable long-term yield.
Sled zahodno od Škotske Načrt sprejet – decembra 2008 (Uredba (ES) št. 1300/2008).Cilj – Znižati smrtnost zaradi ribolova na stopnjo, ki omogoča zagotavljanje dolgoročnega trajnostnega donosa.
The target fishing mortality rate is set at 0.25 when the stock is greater than 75 000 t and at 0.2 when the stock is between 50 000 and 75 000 t.
Ciljna stopnja smrtnosti zaradi ribolova je določena na 0,25, če je stalež večji od 75 000 ton, in na 0,2, če je velikost staleža med 75 000 in 50 000 tonami. Ribolov se prepove, če velikost staleža pade pod prag 50 000 ton.
Annual variations in TACs are determined on the basis of stock levels.
Stopnja medletne spremembe TAC se spreminja glede na raven staležev.
decided to support the project.
spleta dveh okoliščin.
The Pelagic RAC also worked closely with scientific advisers to develop a range of options for managing mackerel.
Načrt so odobrile znanstvene ustanove, Evropska komisija pa se je odločila, da podpre ta projekt.
The North Sea RAC is preparing a plan for Norway lobster.
RSS za Severno morje pa pripravlja načrt za škampa.
Other projects are also on the drawing board.
Potekajo pa tudi drugi projekti.
Results: signs of success
Izsledki: znaki uspeha
The hake stock’s quick recovery nevertheless had a lot to do with the fact that the plan came along at the right time, i.e. before the stock was too far down the road to collapse.
Razlog za tako hitro obnovo staleža osliča je, da je načrt prišel v pravem trenutku, tj. ko stalež še ni bil preveč izčrpan.
The same can be said of plaice in the North Sea.
Podoben primer je tudi morska plošča v Severnem morju.
There has also been real success with North Sea herring and Atlanto-Scandian herring, as well as mackerel: biomass is stabilising or increasing and catches are improving.
Uspeh je bil dosežen tudi pri sledu v Severnem morju, sledu v Atlantiku in ob Skandinaviji ter skuši, saj se je biomasa ustalila oziroma povečala, ulov pa se povečuje.
Most stocks whose TACs rose in 2009 are covered by a multiannual plan.
Lahko smo tudi ugotovili, da so se za večino staležev, katerih TAC se je leta 2009 povečal, uporabljali večletni načrti.
Although they have not been in place long, the multiannual plans are already showing encouraging results.
Čeprav so večletni načrti še sorazmerno novi, pa že kažejo spodbudne izsledke.
The most striking example is obviously Northern hake.
Najbolj značilen in očiten primer je severni stalež osliča.
This stock, in danger of depletion in 2004, was restored to safe levels in just four years.
Čeprav je stalež leta 2004 že skoraj izumrl, se je v štirih letih toliko okrepil, da je zunaj nevarnosti.
The experts of the Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (the scientific body that advises the Commission) attribute this improvement to a successful combination of two elements.
Za strokovnjake Znanstvenega, tehničnega in gospodarskega odbora za ribištvo (znanstvena ustanova, ki svetuje Komisiji) je to izboljšanje posledica srečnega la ge ul
Yet the plans do not always produce such rapid results. North Sea cod, for example, whose biomass has risen slightly since its historically low level of 2006, is still well below the threshold limit.
Vendar pa se učinki načrta ne pokažejo vedno tako hitro: primer je trska v Severnem morju, katere biomasa se je od najnižje vrednosti leta 2006 nekoliko povečala, vendar je še vedno precej pod mejno vrednostjo.
That does not mean that the plans are not effective however: ten years is not enough to assess the effectiveness of multi- annual plans, as seen with earlier experiences and those in non-EU countries.
Vendar to ne pomeni, da načrti niso učinkoviti, saj za ocenjevanje učinkovitosti večletnih načrtov dejansko ne zadošča, da se pomaknemo za deset let nazaj. To smo se že naučili iz izkušenj v preteklosti in izkušenj drugih.
In the United States, the California sardine stock collapsed at the end of the 1930s and was not declared fully recovered until 1999.
V Združenih državah Amerike je stalež sardele v Kaliforniji ob koncu 30. let prejšnjega stoletja skoraj izumrl in šele leta 1999 je bilo objavljeno, da je zdaj popolnoma obnovljen.
In Norway, spring-spawning herring collapsed in the 1960s and was not returned to exploitation level until the mid-1980s.
Na Norveškem se je stalež sleda, ki se drsti spomladi, v 60. letih 20. stoletja izčrpal in se je šele sredi 80. let dvignil na svojo raven izkoriščanja.
In Canada, the moratorium on cod fishing dates back to 1995 and the stock is only now starting to show limited signs of recovery.
V Kanadi je bil moratorij na ribolov na trsko uveden leta 1995 in ta stalež šele zdaj začenja kazati majhne znake okrevanja.
Multiannual plans are more than just tools to restore vulnerable stocks.
Večletni načrti niso samo orodja za obnovo staležev v težavah.
They are first and foremost management tools capable of putting most European fisheries back on track to maximum sustainable yield.
To so predvsem orodja upravljanja, ki lahko večino evropskih ribištev popeljejo na pot največjega trajnostnega donosa.
This long-term strategy is expected to play a major role in reversing the vicious circle of overfishing that has led the sector towards decline.
To pa je dolgoročna strategija, ki bi morala bistveno prispevati k reševanju ribiškega sektorja iz začaranega kroga prelova, ki ga zdaj vleče v propad.
Multiannual plans are not just for vulnerable stocks.
Večletni načrti pa niso namenjeni zgolj staležem v težavah.
At the Sustainable Development Summit in Johannesburg in 2002, the European Union agreed to exploit all its stocks at their maximum sustainable yield.
Evropska unija se je na vrhu o trajnostnem razvoju v Johannesburgu leta 2002 zavezala, da bo vse svoje staleže izkoriščala po stopnji največjega trajnostnega donosa.
Long-term planning is therefore ageneralised need.
S tega vidika je dolgoročno načrtovanje potrebno za vse staleže.
Reform of the common organisation of the market:enlightening studies and consultations la ge ul
Reforma skupne ureditve trgov: študije in poučna posvetovanja la ge ul
The common organisation of the market (COM) has notbeen revised for over 10 years. Like other elements of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), it needs to be adapted to today’s new challenges.
Skupna ureditev trgov (SUT), ki je bila zadnjič revidirana pred več kot desetimi leti, se mora, podobno kot drugi deli skupne ribiške politike (SRP), prilagoditi novim ciljem in izzivom današnjega časa.
This explains why the Commission has sought external evaluations and organised meetings with stakeholders concerned by the COM.
Zato je Komisija zagotovila zunanje ocenjevanje in organizirala vrsto srečanj zzainte-resiranimi stranmi, ki jih zadeva SUT.
These efforts will help identify different options for modernising the rules within the framework of reform of the CFP.
Ta prizadevanja bi morala tako omogočiti iskanje različnih poti za razvoj zakonske ureditve na podlagi reforme SRP.
Different options for the evolution of the COM were identified.
Nato se je razvijala glede na spremembe v izkoriščanju in trženju morskih proizvodov, in sicer glede na velik upad ulova Skupnosti, večjo potrošnjo, naraščajočo odvisnost od uvoza, razvoj predelovalne industrije, spremembe navad potrošnikov, širjenje ribogojstva in svetovne trgovine s proizvodi iz ribogojstva.
The common organisation of the market (COM) was set up in the 1970s.
Ocena SUT je omogočila natančno opredelitev pričakovanj in potreb sektorja in potrošnikov glede ureditve trgov morskih proizvodov.
Its initial objectives were to encourage stability on markets and guarantee a fair income for fish producers.
Tako je bilo določenih več razvojnih smernic SUT.
Simplification e op r u e in E
Poenostavitev v E ov
Although the COM is considered to be an essential pillar of the CFP, stakeholders all concur that its functioning is too complicated, hard to understand and sometimes even incomprehensible.
Danes mora biti namen SUT, ki je sestavni del SRP, zagotavljati trajnostni ribolov in prihodnost sektorja, kar je temeljni cilj SRP.
The need for simplification particularly concerns price management, intervention mechanisms and support for the sector.
Zato so glavni cilji SUT stabilnost cen, optimalno ravnovesje med ponudbo in povpraševanjem ter zaščita proizvodnje EU, ne da bi to škodilo naraščajočim zahtevam predelovalnega sektorja.
Today the COM is part and parcel of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) and consequently aims to guarantee sustainable fisheries and secure the future of the sector, a fundamental objective of the CFP.
Čeprav SUT resnično štejemo za temeljni steber SRP, je njeno zdajšnje delovanje premalo prožno, težko razumljivo in včasih celo nedostopno.
The main aims of the COM are therefore price stability, optimal balance between supply and demand and preference for EU production without undermining the growing demands of the processing sector.
Ta potreba po poenostavitvi zadeva zlasti upravljanje cen in intervencijske mehanizme ali subvencioniranje sektorja.
The latest COM dates back to 2000.
Zadnja uredba SUT je še iz leta 2000.
Since then, new challenges have emerged: the energy and economic crises, the need for a stronger response to threats to resources, the expansion of aquaculture production and consumers’increasing demands in terms of quality, information and traceability. All these reasons justify a complete overhaul of the COM today.
Od takrat se spopadamo z novimi izzivi, kot so energetska in gospodarska kriza, potreba po učinkovitejšem odzivanju na ogroženost virov, rast proizvodnje iz ribogojstva, naraščajoče zahteve potrošnikov glede kakovosti, obveščanja in sledljivosti.To je dovolj razlogov, zaradi katerih je zdaj potrebna temeljita revizija SUT.
More coherence is needed between marketing and conservation policies, for instance in marketing size standards.
Pred to revizijo pa je treba natančno oceniti politike, ki so se izvajale do zdaj, in vzpostaviti poglobljen dialog z vsem sektorjem.
Withdrawal aid is also challenged by many stakeholders.
Pri zunanjih strokovnjakih sta bili naročeni dve oceni SUT.
Aid is still granted at present for withdrawing certain quantities from the market in case of non-sale or an excessive drop in prices.
Prva zadeva intervencijske mehanizme SUT, druga pa analizo evropskega trga ribiških proizvodov in proizvodov iz ribogojstva.
Considering the state of resources and the challenge of sustainability, many consider it unimaginable to maintain this mechanism in its present form since it offers no incentive for responsible fishing.
Komisija se je na podlagi teh ocen pogovarjala s približno 400 predstavniki sektorja – proizvajalci, trgovci na debelo z ribiškimi proizvodi, predelovalci, distributerji, potrošniki – v osmih državah članicah, v katerih se opravi 80% iztovora.
On the other hand, those consulted support the continued use of interventions that help compensate for costs incurred to keep fishery products in the human food chain, by storing, freezing or processing them.
SUT bi lahko imela pomembnejšo vlogo pri izboljšanju trajnosti evropskega ribištva. Zato mora obstajati večja usklajenost med trgovinsko politiko in politiko ohranjanja, npr. pri standardih na področju tržnih količin.
Fish farmers are also interested in a minimum price, to trigger storage aid if their production fails to find a buyer.
Veliko akterjev ima pomisleke tudi glede pomoči za umik.
This revision nonetheless must be preceded by a precise evaluation of the policies implemented so far and an all-embracing dialogue with the sector as a whole.Two assessments of the COM have been commissioned to external experts: one on COM intervention mechanisms and the other analysing the European fisheries and aquaculture market.
Trenutno obstajajo pomoči za umik s trga določenih količin ulova, če proizvodi niso prodani ali če njihova cena preveč pade.
Based on these assessments, the Commission sought input from nearly 400 representatives of the sector – producers, wholesale traders, processors, distributors and consumers – in eight Member States representing more than 80% of landings.
Veliko akterjev meni, da je glede na stanje virov in cilje trajnosti odslej nepojmljivo, da bi ta mehanizem ohranjali tak, kakršen je, ker ne spodbuja dovolj k odgovornemu ribolovu.
This work identified expectations and needs of the sector and consumers in relation to the general organisation of fisheries markets.
Nasprotno pa akterji, ki so sodelovali v posvetovanju, želijo ohraniti pomoči, ki omogočajo nadomestiti stroške, nastale zaradi ohranjanja ribiških proizvodov v prehranski verigi ljudi z njihovim skladiščenjem, zmrzovanjem ali predelavo.
Various options for the future evolution of the COM were identified, of which the following are the most important.
Poudarimo, da tudi ribogojci zahtevajo določitev minimalne cene, ki daje pravico do pomoči za skladiščenje, če ne najdejo kupca za svojo proizvodnjo.
The COM price mechanisms do not have a direct effect on prices, determined primarily by market forces, nor on fishermen’s income.
To delo je omogočilo natančno opredelitev pričakovanj in potreb sektorja in potrošnikov glede ureditve trgov morskih proizvodov.
Information for consumers effect’according to those consulted.
Mehanizmi SUT na področju cen ne vplivajo neposredno niti na cene, ki upoštevajo zlasti zakone trga, in v resnici niti na prihodke ribičev.
It represents a threshold price below which it is hard to descend in a transaction.
Po mnenju vprašanih pa ima„priporočena cena“, ki jo Svet ministrov letno določi za številne vrste, vseeno določen „psihološki“ vpliv: je namreč referenčni prag, pod katerega se je pri transakciji težko spustiti.
On the other hand, the initiatives of certain producers’organisations that try to produce a species when demand is high tend to push up prices.
Nasprotno pa so pobude nekaterih organizacij proizvajalcev, ki si prizadevajo proizvajati vrsto rib, kadar je po njej močno povpraševanje, povzročile dvig cen.
Influence on prices should derive from commercial strategies and reasonable exploitation rather than administrative regulation mechanisms alone.
Vpliv na cene mora torej raje izvirati iz poslovnih strategij in premišljenega izkoriščanja kot pa iz samih administrativnih mehanizmov urejanja. Zato je bistveno poznavanje potreb trga.
All fish products sold in the retail sector must be identifiable by species, production mode (fishing or farming) and place of origin (FAO fishing zone or country of breeding). This rule is applied unevenly.
Vsak ribiški proizvod, ki se prodaja na drobno, mora biti mogoče opredeliti glede na njegovo vrsto, način proizvodnje (ribolov ali gojenje), poreklo (ribolovno območje FAO ali država gojenja).Ta zakonska ureditev se uporablja zelo neenotno.
Even if it were well applied, however, many distributors and consumers do not think this minimum legal requirement is sufficient.
Tudi če bi se bolj uporabljala, pa veliko distributerjev in potrošnikov meni, da ta zakonski minimum ni dovolj.
They would like to see more details on origin (FAO fishing zones are too large and not always comprehensible).
Zahtevajo več podrobnosti o poreklu (območja FAO so preširoka in niso vedno razumljiva).
They also seek other information, for example, the fishing technique, the conservation process (fresh or frozen), nutritive value, etc.
Prav tako zahtevajo tudi druge informacije, kot npr. o ribolovni tehniki, postopku hranjenja (sveže ali odmrznjeno), prehranski vrednosti itd.
On the other hand, sustainability labelling is not a priority for consumers. It is a priority for non-governmental organisations and some distributors, however.
Nasprotno pa je označevanje trajnosti daleč od tega, da bi bilo glavna skrb potrošnikov, je pa prednostna zahteva nevladnih organizacij in nekaterih distributerjev.
So stakeholders see a need for improved labelling.
Treba je torej izboljšati označevanje.
They would also like to see common first-sale marketing standards in order to facilitate remote electronic trading.
Omenimo tudi želje akterjev po standardiziranju tržnih standardov za ribe ob prvi prodaji, da bi olajšali elektronsko trgovino na daljavo.
Studies point out that the price-setting mechanism for fishery and aquaculture products is similar to practices used in the food industry.
Ponovna vzpostavitev ravnotežja pri maržah
Imports and stability
Nezadostno poznavanje
Study of the European fisheries and aquaculture market shows that new consumption practices are emerging and spreading.
Raziskava evropskega trga ribiških proizvodov in proizvodov iz ribogojstva kaže, da so se pojavili novi načini uživanja.
More and more fish are consumed at restaurants and more than 80% of households buy fish at supermarkets.
Vse več rib se poje v restavracijah in več kot 80% gospodinjstev kupuje ribe v velikih trgovskih centrih.
Consumers also express the need for clearer and more relevant information on product preparation and conservation.
Poleg tega potrošniki izražajo potrebo po jasnejših in dokazanih informacijah glede priprave in hranjenja proizvodov.
The sector as a whole, however, is convinced that it has a poor image, in particular due to problems of overfishing or mistrust of aquaculture.
Celotni sektor meni, da je žrtev slabe podobe, zlasti zaradi prelova oziroma nezaupanja v ribogojstvo.
Actions to enhance this image will probably be needed and communication means will have to be adapted.
Verjetno so potrebni ukrepi za izboljšanje te podobe, treba pa bo tudi prilagoditi komunikacijska sredstva.
In a context of insufficient landings of EU origin, trade agreements and certain trade regulation instruments with third countries have helped maintain competitiveness in the sector by ensuring a stable supply at competitive prices.
V študijah je poudarjeno, da mehanizem oblikovanja cen ribiških proizvodov in proizvodov iz ribogojstva ni zunaj standardov glede na prakse trgovanja z živili.
The processing industry has increased its production and created jobs as a result. The high level of imports in the EU market is accepted by actors, including fishermen themselves.
Končna cena, ki jo plača potrošnik, ni neobičajno visoka glede na nakupno ceno pri proizvajalcu, če upoštevamo veliko dodano vrednost zaradi ponovne uporabe ostankov (filetiranje in predelava), visoke stroške logistike za prevoz in distribucijo ter težave pri hranjenju proizvodov.
Yet fishermen and fish farmers stress one point: they want to work on a level playing field with their non-EU competitors.
Akterji navajajo vprašanje razdelitve marže med posrednike, saj imajo nekateri večji dobiček kot drugi.
Imported products must have been caught, reared, preserved and shipped with the same sustainability and hygiene requirements as European products.
Po bolj poglobljeni preučitvi je videti, da bi ribiška organizacija lahko zahtevala ponovno vzpostavitev ravnotežja pri maržah in izboljšala učinkovitost.
Other topics were addressed, including use of an ecolabel, the sale of once-frozen goods as ‘fresh’ products, the specific nature of aquaculture and the dynamics of first-sale prices.
Obravnavane so bile tudi druge teme, kot npr. uvedba znaka za okolje, prodaja odmrznjenih proizvodov na oddelku„sveži proizvodi“, posebnosti ribogojstva ali dinamičnost cen pri prvi prodaji.
These studies and consultations enabled the Commission and all its partners to learn more about the evolution of this complex market.
Komisiji in vsem partnerjem so te študije in posvetovanja omogočila, da se temeljiteje seznanijo z razvojem zapletenega trga ribištva in ribogojstva.
They will therefore help substantiate the future regulation on fishery and aquaculture markets.
Študije in posvetovanja bodo omogočili boljšo podporo prihodnji zakonski ureditvi trgov z ribiškimi proizvodi in proizvodi iz ribogojstva.
Since the COM is a powerful lever for building sustainable fisheries, its inclusion in the overall reform of the Common Fisheries Policy (1) is essential.
Ker je SUT močan vzvod, ki prispeva k uvedbi trajnostnega ribištva, jo je treba vključiti v splošno reformo skupne ribiške politike(1). (1).
For more information:http://ec.europa.eu/fisheries/cfp/market_policy_en.htm em be r 2009 I
Več informacij na spletni strani:http://ec.europa.eu/fisheries/cfp/market_policy_en.htm em be r 2009 I
(1) See Fisheries and aquaculture in Europe, No 44, August 2009.
(1) Glej Ribištvo in ribogojstvo v Evropi, št. 44, avgust 2009.
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