natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The Netherlands:thanks to the tradition of voluntaryagreements with industry,the Netherlands hasbecome one of the best performing economies inthe world in terms of energy efficiency.In July 1999,the Dutch government signed a benchmarkingagreement on energy efficiency with industry (23).In return for a commitment by industry to reach theabsolute top in energy efficiency by 2012,thegovernment agreed to refrain from imposingadditional national energyefficiency measures.Thefirst review of measures taken and planned by thesecompanies indicated that they will save 82 000 TJ in2012 (2 Mtoe),thus avoiding emissions of around
V zameno za zavezo industrije, da bo do leta 2012 dosegla absolutni vrh v energetski učinkovitosti, je vlada soglašala, da se bo vzdržala uvedbe dodatnih nacionalnih ukrepov glede energetske učinkovitosti. Prvi pregled ukrepov, ki so jih te gospodarske družbe uvedle in jih načrtujejo, navaja, da bodo leta 2012 prihranile 82 000 TJ (2 Mtoe) in tako preprečile
(21)BAT (Best available technology) reference documents.(22)Directive 96/61/EC concerning integrated pollution prevention and control.
P') Referenčni dokumenti BAT (najboljša razpoložljiva tehnologija).
(23)Companies representing around 90% of industrial energydemand have signed up to the agreement.
p2) Direktiva 96/61/ES o celovitem preprečevanju in nadzorovanju onesnaževanja.
Under EMAS,organisations must engage in thecontinuous improvement of their environmentalperformance.Here too,energy efficiency is part of thisimprovement and has to be addressed in theenvironmental review and the environmentalstatements to be performed under the scheme.
V skladu z EMAS morajo organizacije neprestano izboljševati svojo okoljsko uspešnost. Tudi tukaj je energetska učinkovitost del te izboljšave in jo je treba obravnavati v okoljskem pregledu in okoljskih izjavah, ki jih je treba opraviti v skladu s programom.
An ambitious plan to reorganise European airspacewas launched under the‘Single Sky’initiative.Inparticular,it provides for the development of a single Europe-wide system for air-traffic control.This project,which will give rise to a large industrial initiative to beknown as‘SESAME’,will lead to substantial savings(around 6 to 12 %) of kerosene aviation fuel,simply byreducing air congestion around Europe’s airports.
Predvideva zlasti razvoj enotnega vseevropskega sistema kontrole zračnega prometa. Ta projekt, ki bo povod za veliko industrijsko pobudo, imenovano „SESAME", bo omogočil velike prihranke (okrog 6 do 12 %) kerozinskega letalskega goriva preprosto z zmanjšanjem preobremenjenosti zraka v bližini evropskih letališč.
Community research programmes have invested largebudgets in the development of electric vehicles,intesting those running on alternative fuels such asnatural gas,as well as in advancing longer-termprospects for technologies such as fuel cells andhydrogen.The seventh framework programme forresearch and development will continue such support.
Raziskovalni programi Skupnosti so vložili veliko proračunskih sredstev v razvoj električnih vozil, v preskušanje vozil, ki uporabljajo alternativna goriva, kot je zemeljski plin, ter v pospeševanje dolgoročnih možnosti za tehnologije, kot so gorivne celice ¡n vodik. Ta podpora se bo nadaljevala v 7. okvirnem programu za raziskave in razvoj.
Possible options that are being discussed,amongstothers,in the context of CARS 21 are de-taxing clean vehicles;
Različne možnosti, o katerih se med drugim razpravlja v okviru CARS 21, so:
• • as mentioned above,placing an obligation on publicadministrations to spend a part of their vehiclepurchasing budget on clean vehicles;
• kot je navedeno zgoraj, naložitev obveznosti javnim upravam, da porabijo del svojega proračuna za nakup vozil za čista vozila;
24)Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000.25)Regulation (EC) No 761/2001.
• posebno certificiranje in tehnični standardi za čista vozila.
Such measures could prove to be more efficient thandirect aid to industry and contribute furthermore totechnological development in European industry.Thisis no small benefit in a globalising economy.
Takšni ukrepi bi se lahko izkazali za bolj učinkovite kot neposredna pomoč industriji ¡n bi bolj prispevali k tehnološkemu razvoju v evropski industriji. To ni majhna korist v gospodarstvu, ki se globalizira.
Friction between tyres and the road accounts for up to20 % of a vehicle’s consumption.Properly performingtyres can reduce the latter by 5 % and sales of suchtyres should be encouraged not only on new cars butalso for subsequent replacements
Vozilo porabi do 20 % goriva zaradi trenja med pnevmatikami in cesto. Ustrezne pnevmatike lahko porabo znižajo za 5 % in treba bi bilo spodbujati nakup takih pnevmatik ne samo za nove avtomobile, ampak tudi za naknadne zamenjave.
4.4.CHARGING OF INFRASTRUCTURE TO INDUCECHANGES IN BEHAVIOUR
INFRASTRUKTURE Z NAMENOM, DA SE POVZROČI SPREMEMBA OBNAŠANJA
Half of all road transport fuel is burnt in built-up areas,despite the fact that half of all journeys in such areasare less than five kilometres in length.
Polovica vsega goriva za cestni prevoz se porabi na pozidanih območjih, kljub dejstvu, da je polovica vseh poti v takšnih območjih krajša od petih kilometrov.
Another option wouldbe to consider a voluntary agreement with industry toinstall tyre pressure sensors on the dashboard of cars.
Druga možnost bi bila razmisliti o prostovoljnem sporazumu z industrijo, da na armaturno ploščo avtomobilov vgradi tipalo tlaka v pnevmatikah.
The Union has already embarked on a road-pricingpolicy for heavy goods vehicles on the trans-Europeanroad network.Future satellite location techniques,based on the satellite navigation system following theprogramme ‘GALILEO’,will make it easier to put roadcharging systems in place without causing longqueues at entry points to the charging zones.
Unija je že začela s cestno cenovno politiko za težka tovorna vozila na vseevropskem cestnem omrežju. Prihodnje tehnike satelitskega določanja kraja, ki temelji na sistemu satelitske navigacije, ki bo sledil programu „GALILEO", bodo olajšale vzpostavitev sistemov zaračunavanja uporabe cest brez dolgih vrst na točkah vstopa v območja, ki se zaračunavajo.
In addition to the substantial gains to be made by using theright tyres at the right pressure,an average driver can easilysave EUR 100 on the annual fuel bill by driving in a moreecological way (26).
Poleg velikih pridobitev zaradi uporabe pravih pnevmatik s pravim tlakom lahko povprečni voznik vsako leto prihrani 100 EUR pri gorivu, če vozi na bolj ekološki način (26).
The Commission plans shortly to present a communication on climate change and aviation.The communication will focus,in particular,on the use ofeconomic instruments (such as fuel taxation,emissionscharges or emissions trading) which would promoteenergy efficiency and greenhouse gas reductions inthe sector.
London je uvedel zaračunavanje „cestnine" leta 2003 in izkušnje kažejo, da se je v območju zaračunavanja poraba goriva znižala za 20 %, emisije C0
The experience of London since introducing‘congestion charging’in 2003 has been that fuel consumption has gone down by 20 % and CO2emissions by 19 % in the charging zone.For its part,the city of Madrid has installed a system for rapid transit forbuses and cars with a minimum of two passengers ona section of 20kilometres of the A6 highway into thecity.The Commission is making an effort by means ofits intelligent energy programme to promote thesebest practices on a larger scale.
Komisija načrtuje skorajšnjo predstavitev Sporočila o podnebnih spremembah in letalstvu. V sporočilu bo največ pozornosti namenjeno zlasti uporabi gospodarskih instrumentov (kot so obdavčenje goriva, dajatve za emisije, trgovanje z emisijami), ki bi spodbudili energetsko učinkovitost in znižanje toplogrednih plinov v sektorju.
26)International Energy Agency‘Saving oil in a hurry’,2005.
Povedati pa je treba, da je izmenjava najboljših praks dokaj omejena.
5.1.SPECIFIC FINANCING INSTRUMENTS
5.REGIONALNA IN LOKALNA RAVEN
5.REGIONAL AND LOCAL LEVEL
Vendar financiranje takih projektov, zlasti v manj razvitih regijah Evrope, potrebuje „pomoč".
But given the small scale and dispersed nature of theprojects to be funded,it would seem that action is inany event best initiated at local or regional level.
Vendar se zaradi majhnosti in razpršenega značaja projektov, ki jih je treba financirati, zdi, da je v vsakem primeru bolje, da se ukrep začne izvajati na lokalni ali regionalni ravni.
It may be appropriate that local and regionalauthorities should take the lead in setting up an EUworking group with stakeholders,involving financinginstitutions like the European Investment Bank andother commercial banks,regional funds,and Member States’representatives.They could develop proposalsas soon as possible on how to rearrange existingfinancing mechanisms,including focused organisationof clearinghouse-type instruments,to review theinvestment potential in small-scale sustainable energyprojects,and consider ways to overcome barriers toinvestment,including the role of energy companies,recovery of energy bill savings,pricing,etc.
Mogoče bi bilo primerno, da bi lokalne in regionalne oblasti prevzele iniciativo za ustanovitev delovne skupine EU z zainteresiranimi stranmi, z vključitvijo finančnih ustanov, kot so Evropska investicijska banka in druge komercialne banke, regionalni skladi in predstavniki držav članic. Čim prej bi lahko izdelali predloge, kako preurediti obstoječe mehanizme financiranja, vključno z usmerjenim organiziranjem instrumentov klirinškega tipa, da se prouči naložbeni potencial v majhne projekte trajnostne energije in se upoštevajo načini za premagovanje ovir pri naložbah, vključno z vlogo energetskih družb, povračilom prihrankov na računih za prihranek energije, oblikovanjem cen itd.
Funds to support the projects for the improvement ofenergy efficiency have been very successful in many Member States,and it should be considered how bestpractices in this area can be repeated and improved.
Sredstva za podporo projektov za ¡zboljšanje energetske učinkovitosti so bila v številnih državah članicah zelo uspešna in treba je razmisliti, kako bi bilo možno najboljše prakse na tem področju ponoviti in izboljšati.
The energyefficiency performance of countries varieswidely.The EU and Japan are for instance three to fourtimes more energyefficient in terms of energyintensity than the countries of the former Soviet Unionor the Middle East.
V raznih državah je uspešnost energetske učinkovitosti zelo različna. EU in Japonska sta na primer trikrat do štirikrat bolj energetsko učinkoviti v smislu energijske intenzivnosti kot države nekdanje Sovjetske zveze ali Srednji vzhod.
The principal reasons for strengthening energyefficiency cooperation with third countries are closelylinked to the geopolitical and strategic interests of the EU and the business opportunities arising from the EU’s leading role in this area.In particular,Europecould be actively engaged in establishing andadopting standards on energy efficiency that can beinternationally compatible.A further reason is thecontribution energy efficiency can make to economicand social development.
Obnovljena prizadevanja za mednarodno spodbujanje k energetski učinkovitosti bi lahko imela ključno vlogo pri utrditvi evropske industrije kot vodilne v svetu na tem področju in bi lahko prispevala k povečanju konkurenčne prednosti Evrope v energetskem sektorju.
The export potential for energy efficient products andservices has not been systematically assessed,but it isestimated that the business opportunities derivingfrom stronger efforts on energy efficiency are not lesssignificant than those related to renewable energy.The Chinese market,for example,is expected to developrapidly in accordance with the long and medium-termenergy conservation plan drawn up by the National Development and Reform Commission,according towhich residential and public buildings are supposed tohalve their energy consumption during the 11th fiveyear plan (2006–10) as compared with current levels.Inthis context,it should be mentioned that the EUconstruction industry has the world leadership in lowenergy consumption buildings and by furtherupdating the requirements in the EU,the export of thisknow-how will give new opportunities to our industry.
Nedavno povišanje cen nafte je opozorilo na vpliv povečanega povpraševanja po energiji, ki je posledica hitre rasti porabe energije v številnih državah, vključno s Kitajsko. Zaradi omejenosti energetskih virov in omejene rezervne proizvodne zmogljivosti, zlasti za ogljikovodike, je jasno, da države uvoznice energije vse bolj postajajo tekmeci za iste energetske vire, na primer v Rusiji, na Srednjem vzhodu in v kaspijski regiji.
Therefore,energy efficiency is an issue in the interest ofall energy importing countries,including the Union,and should be integrated into their global strategy forsecurity of energy supply.
Zato je energetska učinkovitost v interesu vseh držav uvoznic energije, vključno z Unijo, in mora biti vključena v njihovo globalno strategijo za varnost oskrbe z energijo.
From a climate perspective,the recent communicationon climate change has highlighted the importance ofbroad participation as an essential element of a midand long-term strategy.Cooperation with developed,
V zvezi s tem je treba povedati, da je gradbena industrija EU vodilna v svetu na področju zgradb z nizko porabo energije, z nadaljnjo posodobitvijo zahtev v EU pa bo izvoz tega znanja in izkušenj naši industriji dal nove priložnosti.
6.2.INTEGRATING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN THENEIGHBOURHOOD POLICY AND EU-RUSSIA CO-OPERATION
Energetska učinkovitost je, kar je njena druga značilnost, tudi del sosedske politike EU.
Energy efficiency is also,as a second feature,part ofthe EU’s neighbourhood policy.The Commissionwill ensure that it continues to feature in the actionplans for this policy.
Komisija bo zagotovila, da se bo še naprej pojavljala v akcijskih načrtih za to politiko.
The first part of increased international cooperation onthis issue will consist of working with the EU’s industrialpartners,particularly the OECD countries within the International Energy Agency (IEA),to establish energyefficiency plans.As developing countries are now ableto join the implementing agreement of IEA,they couldbe encouraged to participate in these forums.
Prvi del povečanega mednarodnega sodelovanja na tem področju bo delo z industrijskimi partnerji EU, zlasti državami OECD v okviru Mednarodne agencije za energijo, da se ¡zdelajo načrti energetske učinkovitosti. Ker se države v razvoju sedaj lahko pridružijo Izvedbenemu sporazumu Mednarodne agencije za energijo, bi jih lahko spodbujali k sodelovanju v teh forumih.
This international forum could,for instance,be thestarting point for launching the idea of taking betteraccount of external effects of the aviation sector on theenvironment.
Ta mednarodni forum bi bil lahko izhodišče, da se sproži ideja o večjem upoštevanju zunanjih učinkov letalskega sektorja na okolje.
A third feature must be to promote energyefficiency in the process of energy cooperation with Russia which has emerged since the year 2000.Russia is becoming increasingly conscious of the needto improve its energy efficiency.
Tretja značilnost mora biti spodbujanje energetske učinkovitosti v procesu energetskega sodelovanja z Rusijo, ki se je začelo leta 2000. Rusija se vse bolj zaveda potrebe po izboljšanju energetske učinkovitosti.
At Doha,ministers agreed to negotiations onthe reduction,or even elimination,of tariff and nontariff barriers to environmental goods and services tofurther sustainable development.
V Dohi so se ministri sporazumeli, da se bodo pogajali o zmanjševanju ali celo o odpravi tarifnih in netarifnih ovirokoljskih dobrin in storitev, da bi pospešili trajnostni razvoj.
Finally,the EU should renew its efforts to arrive at acommon understanding with industrialised thirdcountries,in particular the United States,to the effectthat serious efforts to improve global energy efficiencyare indispensable;the recommendations contained inthe recent consensus report from the US National Commission on Energy Policy (28),which forcefullyaddresses demand-side policies,may be a positivestarting point for such a renewed EU-US dialogue onenergy efficiency.
EU bi morala tudi obnoviti svoje napore, da se doseže enotno razumevanje z industrijsko razvitimi tretjimi državami, zlasti ZDA, da so resni napori za izboljšanje energetske učinkovitosti nujni; priporočila iz nedavnega poročila Državne komisije ZDA o energetski učinkovitosti (28) o doseženem soglasju, ki prepričljivo naslavlja politike povpraševanja, bi bila lahko pozitivno izhodišče za takšen obnovljen dialog med EU in ZDA o energetski učinkovitosti.
(27)WTO submission TN/TE/W/47 of 17 February 2005.(28)‘Ending the energy stalemate:a bipartisan strategy to meet
Države v razvoju so zaradi razmeroma šibkih gospodarstev izredno občutljive na povišanje cen energije.
Finally,European environmentpolicy should helpdevelop the capacity to value efficient projectsimplemented in these countries through climatechange mechanisms such as the CDM.
Evropska okoljsko politika bi morala tudi pomagati razviti možnost za vrednotenje učinkovitih projektov, ki se izvajajo v teh državah prek mehanizmov podnebnih sprememb, kot je CDM (mehanizem čistega razvoja).
This Green Paper aims at identifying options and atopening a wide-ranging discussion on how to realisethe costeffective savings and to start the processtowards rapidly establishing a concrete action plan,involving action at Community,national,regional,localand international levels and at the level of industry andof individual consumers,to harness the identifiedpotential energyefficiency savings.
Namen te zelene knjige je opredeliti možnosti in začeti obsežno razpravo o realizaciji stroškovno učinkovitega varčevanja ter začeti postopek, usmerjen k hitremu oblikovanju konkretnega akcijskega načrta, ki vključuje ukrepe na ravni Skupnosti, na nacionalni regionalni, lokalni in mednarodni ravni ter na ravni industrije ¡n posameznih potrošnikov, da se izkoristijo ugotovljene možnosti za varčevanje s pomočjo energetske učinkovitosti.
An energyefficiency initiative has wider implicationsthan for energy policy alone.It constitutes a majorcontribution to reduction of our energy dependencyon third countries,in a setting of high and volatile oilprices.This initiative will also contribute to theattainment of the Lisbon strategy goals,aiming torelaunch the European economy,and to the fightagainst climate change.
Pobude, ki jih bo dala EU, morajo biti znane in se morajo izvajati na nacionalni, regionalni in lokalni
2020+Implementation of additional measures
2020+ Izvajanje dodatnih ukrepov
2020Rigorous implementation of adopted measures
2020 Strogo izvajanje sprejetih ukrepov
T508495int 2/09/05 11:32 Page 34
Skupaj prihranki energije
ENERGY EFFICIENCY:THE NEED FOR ACTION
Energetska učinkovitost je tudi vključena v celovite smernice v skladu z lizbonskim procesom.
Energy saving in the overall sense also derives from achange in consumer behaviour.This means,forexample,a policy of making public transport moreattractive and thereby encouraging car users to takethe bus or train instead;or educating people on howto reduce heat losses from their house,notablythrough correct use of thermostats.
• V celovitem pomenu varčevanje z energijo izhaja tudi ¡z spremembe vedenja potrošnikov. To na primer pomeni politiko, s katero postane javni prevoz bolj privlačen, in s tem spodbujanje uporabnikov, da namesto avta uporabljajo avtobus ali vlak; ali izobraževanje ljudi, kako znižati toplotne izgube v hišah, zlasti s pravilno uporabo termostatov.
This Green Paper intends to open a discussion on howthe EU promotes an overall policy in order toencourage the more widespread use of newtechnology to improve energy efficiency and tostimulate a change in European consumer behaviour.
Ta zelena knjiga namerava odpreti razpravo o tem, kako EU spodbuja celovito politiko, da se spodbudi širša uporaba nove tehnologije za izboljšanje energetske učinkovitosti in spremeni vedenje evropskih potrošnikov.
Research is particularly vital to further improvementsof the energyefficiency potential which will continueto grow as economies develop further.Research anddevelopment in the area of energy efficiency as carriedout under the framework programmes and under the Intelligent Energy for European programme thuscomplement policy in this field and work towards thesame goals:less fossil fuel use,better jobs created inthe European Union and higher added value for the European economy.
Pri nadaljnjih izboljšavah potenciala energetske učinkovitosti, ki bo naraščal z razvojem gospodarstev, so ključnega pomena raziskave. Tako raziskave in razvoj na področju energetske učinkovitosti, ki se izvajajo v skladu z okvirnimi programi ¡n programom Inteligentna energija za Evropo, dopolnjujejo politiko na tem področju ¡n imajo enake cilje: manjša poraba fosilnih goriv, ustvarjanje boljših delovnih mest v Evropski uniji in večja dodana vrednost v evropskem gospodarstvu.
FOSSIL FUELS DOMINATE IN EUROPE’S ENERGYCONSUMPTION
V EVROPSKI PORABI ENERGIJE PREVLADUJEJO FOSILNA GORIVA
The role of public authorities,particularly the EU,is tomake individuals and their political representativesaware of the urgency of improving energy efficiency.Itis imperative for the environment,for the economy andfor our health.
Vloga organov oblasti, zlasti EU, je, da posameznike in njihove politične predstavnike ozavestijo o nujnosti izboljšanja energetske učinkovitosti, ki je nujno za okolje, gospodarstvo in naše zdravje.
Figure 1.Total energy consumption by fuel and energy intensity 1990–2020 (EU-25) mtoe
Skupna poraba energije po gorivih ¡n energijski intenzivnosti, 1990-2020 (EU-25)
Energy intensity 1990 = 100
Energijska Intenzivnost 1990 = 100
Renewables Nuclear Natural gas Oil Solids
Obnovljivi viri Jedrsko gorivo Zemeljski plin Nafta Trda goriva
Energy intensity
Energijska intenzivnost
This Community average does not reflect the considerable differences between Member States caused bythe differing economic structures (e.g.more or lessenergy intensive industry),the national currencyexchange rate compared to the euro and the level of
To povprečje Skupnosti ne odraža velikih razlik med državami članicami, ki jih povzročajo različne gospo­darske strukture (npr. bolj ali manj energijsko inten­zivna industrija), menjalni tečaj nacionalne valute v primerjavi z evrom ter raven energetske učinkovitosti,
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DOING MORE WITH LESS in the Member States.
V grafu spodaj je ta primerjava popravljena za razlike v kupni moči dohodkov v državah članicah.
Source:Enerdata (based on Eurostat data).
Vir: Enerdata. (izračuni na podlagi podatkov Statističnega urada Evropskih skupnosti).
If the current trend continues,gross energy demandcould increase by 10 % by 2020.Growth in electricitydemand could also reach 1.5 % per year.
Če se bo nadaljeval sedanji trend, bi se bruto povpraševanje po energiji do leta 2020 lahko povečalo za 10 %. Tudi rast povpraševanja po električni energiji bi bila lahko 1,5 % letno.
Today’s consumption in the EU could reach 1 900Mtoe within 15 years (2020),compared with 1 725Mtoe in 2005(30).
Današnja poraba v EU bi lahko v 15 letih (2020) dosegla 1900 Mtoe v primerjavi z 1725 Mtoe v letu 2005 (3°).
Source:Estimate based on Eurostat energy balances
Vir: Ocena na podlagi energetskih bilanc Statističnega urada Evropskih skupnosti.
30)These predictions are made under the assumption of anaverage growth of GDP as foreseen to be 2.4 % per year.
(3°) Te napovedi temeljijo na predpostavki, da je povprečna rast BDP 2,4 % letno.