natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
We Europeans belong to many di erent countries, with di erent languages, traditions, customs and beliefs.
Evropejci pripadamo mnogim različnim državam in imamo različne jezike in tradicije, navade in verska prepričanja.
Yet we belong together, like a big family, for all sorts of reasons.
Kljub temu pa spadamo skupaj, kot velika družina, in sicer iz različnih razlogov.
Here are some of them.
Omenimo nekatere od njih.
> We have shared this continent for thousands of years. > Our languages are often related to one another. > Many people in every country are descended from people from other countries. > Our traditions, customs and festivals often have the same origins. > We share and enjoy the beautiful music and art, and the many plays and stories, that people from all over Europe have given us, down the centuries. > Almost everyone in Europe believes in things like fair play, neighbourliness, freedom to have your own opinions, respect for each other and caring for people in need. > So we enjoy what’s di erent and special about our own country and region, but we also enjoy what we have in common as Europeans. 29
> Na tisoče let smo skupaj živeli na tej celini. > Naši jeziki so pogosto med seboj sorodni. > V vsaki državi živi veliko ljudi, ki so potomci ljudi iz drugih držav. > Naše tradicije, običaji in prazniki imajo pogosto skupen izvor. > Skupni so nam čudovita glasba in umetnost in mnoge igre in zgodbe, ki so nam jih skozi stoletja zapustili ljudje iz vse Evrope. > Skoraj vsakdo v Evropi verjame v vrednote, kot so poštenost, sosedstvo, svoboda do lastnega mnenja, medsebojno spoštovanje in skrb za ljudi v stiski. > Zato uživajmo v različnostih in posebnostih naših držav in pokrajin, hkrati pa tudi v tem, kar nam je kot Evropejcem skupnega. 29
The Second World War ended in 1945.
Druga svetovna vojna se je končala leta 1945.
It had been a time of terrible destruction and killing, and it had started in Europe.
To je bil čas strašnega uničevanja in pobijanja, ki sta se začela v Evropi.
How could the leaders of European countries stop such dreadful things from ever happening again?
Kako bi lahko voditelji evropskih držav preprečili, da bi se takšna grozodejstva znova zgodila?
They needed a really good plan that had never been tried before.
Potrebovali bi zares dober načrt, ki ga še nikoli niso preizkusili.
A brand new idea
Popolnoma nova ideja
A Frenchman called Jean Monnet thought hard about this.
O teh vprašanjih je veliko razmišljal Francoz po imenu Jean Monnet.
He realised that there were two things a country needed before it could make war: iron for producing steel (to make tanks, guns, bombs and so on) and coal to provide the energy for factories and railways.
Ugotovil je, da država potrebuje dve stvari, da lahko začne vojno: železo za izdelovanje jekla (za tanke, puške, bombe in podobne stvari) ter premog za dovajanje energije tovarnam in železnicam.
Europe had plenty of coal and steel: that’s why European countries had easily been able to make weapons and go to war.
Evropa je imela mnogo premoga in jekla, zato so evropske države z lahkoto izdelovale orožje in začele vojne.
His idea was that the governments of France and Germany – and perhaps of other European countries too – should no longer run their own coal and steel industries.
Francoska in nemška vlada – in morda tudi vlade drugih evropskih držav – naj ne bi več same vodile svojih industrij premoga in jekla.
Instead, these industries should be organised by people from all the countries involved, and they would sit around a table and discuss and decide things together.
Namesto tega bi te industrije vodili ljudje iz vseh vključenih držav, ki bi sedli skupaj in razpravljali ter skupaj odločali.
That way, war between them would be impossible!
Na ta način bi bila vojna med njimi nemogoča!
Jean Monnet felt that his plan really would work if only European leaders were willing to try it.
Jean Monnet je menil, da bi ta načrt resnično deloval, če bi ga le bili evropski voditelji pripravljeni preizkusiti.
He spoke about it to his friend Robert Schuman, who was a minister in the French government.
O njem je govoril s prijateljem Robertom Schumanom, ki je bil minister v francoski vladi.
Robert Schuman thought it was a brilliant idea and he announced it in an important speech on 9 May 1950.
Robert Schuman je bil mnenja, da je ta zamisel sijajna, in predstavil jo je v svojem pomembnem govoru dne 9. maja 1950.
The speech convinced not only the French and German leaders but also the leaders of Belgium, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands.
Govor je prepričal ne le francoske in nemške voditelje, temveč tudi voditelje Belgije, Italije, Luksemburga in Nizozemske.
They all decided to put their coal and steel industries together and to form a club they called the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC).
Vse te države so se odločile, da bodo združile svoje industrije premoga in jekla in oblikovale skupino držav, ki so jo imenovale Evropska skupnost za premog in jeklo (ESPJ).
It would work for peaceful purposes and help rebuild Europe from the ruins of war.
Ta skupnost bi delala za miroljubne namene in pomagala iz vojnih ruševin ponovno zgraditi Evropo.
The ECSC was set up in 1951.
ESPJ je bila ustanovljena leta 1951.
The common market
Skupni trg
The six countries got on so well working together that they soon decided to start another club, called the European Economic Community (EEC).
Teh šest držav je tako dobro sodelovalo, da so se kmalu odločile ustanoviti novo skupino po imenu Evropska gospodarska skupnost (EGS).
It was set up in 1957.
Ustanovljena je bila leta 1957.
‘Economic’ means ‘to do with the economy’– in other words, to do with money, business, jobs and trade.
Gospodarska pomeni, da ima opravka z gospodarstvom – z drugimi besedami, z denarjem, poslovanjem, službami in trgovino.
Bored at the border…Queues like this used to be part of normal life in Europe.
Dolgčas na meji … Takšne vrste so bile nekoč del običajnega življenja v Evropi.
One of the main ideas was that the EEC countries would share a‘common market’, to make it easier to trade together.
Ena glavnih idej je bila, da bi imele države EGS skupni trg in tako lažje trgovale med seboj.
Until then, lorries and trains and barges carrying goods from one country to another always had to stop at the border, and papers had to be checked and money called‘customs duties’had to be paid.
Doslej so morali tovornjaki, vlaki in ladje, ki so prevažali blago iz ene države v drugo, vedno ustaviti na meji in treba je bilo preveriti dokumente ter plačati določen znesek denarja, ki se je imenoval carina.
This held things up and made goods from abroad more expensive.
To je zadrževalo prevoz, blago iz tujine pa je bilo dražje.
The point of having a common market was to get rid of all those border checks and delays and customs duties, and to allow countries to trade with one another just as if they were all one single country.
Smisel skupnega trga je bil odprava vseh teh mejnih kontrol, zastojev in carin ter omogočiti državam, da trgujejo med seboj, kot da bi bile vse del ene države.
Food and farming
Hrana in kmetovanje or bi s el ls /C
The Second World War had made it very di cult for Europe to produce food or to import it from other continents.
Druga svetovna vojna je Evropi otežila proizvajanje hrane in njeno uvažanje iz drugih celin.
Europe was short of food even in the early 1950s.
Še v začetku petdesetih let dvajsetega stoletja je v Evropi primanjkovalo hrane.
So the EEC decided on an arrangement for paying its farmers to produce more food, and to make sure that they could earn a decent living from the land.
Zato se je EGS odločila za režim, v okviru katerega je plačevala svojim kmetom, da so pridelovali več hrane in da so zagotovo lahko z obdelovanjem zemlje dovolj zaslužili za življenje.
This arrangement was called the‘common agricultural policy’(or CAP).
Ta režim se je imenoval skupna kmetijska politika (ali SKP).
It worked well.
Dobro je deloval.
So well, in fact, that farmers ended up producing too much food and the arrangement had to be changed!
No, navsezadnje so kmetje pridelovali preveč hrane in režim je bilo treba spremeniti.
Nowadays, the CAP also pays farmers to look after the countryside.
Dandanes SKP kmetom plačuje tudi za to, da skrbijo za podeželje.
Machines like this are used to harvest wheat and other crops.
Stroje, kot je ta, uporabljamo za žetev pšenice in drugih poljščin.
The common market was soon making life easier for people in the EEC.
Skupni trg je ljudem v EGS kmalu olajšal življenje.
They had more money to spend, more food to eat and more varied things in their shops.
Lahko so porabili več denarja, na voljo je bilo več hrane in v trgovinah so lahko kupovali bolj raznolike stvari.
Other neighbouring countries saw this and, in the 1960s, some of them began asking whether they too could join the club.
Sosednje države so to videle in v 60. letih 20. stoletja so nekatere od njih začele spraševati, ali bi se lahko pridružile.
After years of discussions, the United Kingdom, Denmark and Ireland joined in 1973.
Po večletnih razpravah so se leta 1973 pridružili Združeno kraljestvo, Danska in Irska.
It was the turn of Greece in 1981, followed by Portugal and Spain in 1986, and Austria, Finland and Sweden in 1995.
Leta 1981 je enako storila Grčija, ki sta ji leta 1986 sledili Portugalska in Španija, leta 1995 pa Avstrija, Finska in Švedska.
So now the club had 15 members.
Sedaj je skupina štela 15 članic.
Over these years, the club was changing.
V vseh teh letih pa se je skupina spremenila.
By the end of 1992 it had finished building the‘single market’(as it became known), and it was doing a lot more besides.
Konec leta 1992 je zaključila z oblikovanjem enotnega trga (kot so ga imenovali) in poleg tega delala še veliko stvari.
For example, EEC countries were working together to protect the environment and to build better roads and railways right across Europe.
Na primer, države EGS so sodelovale pri varstvu okolja ter gradnji boljših cest in železnic po vsej Evropi.
Richer countries helped poorer ones with their road building and other important projects.
Bogatejše države so revnejšim pomagale pri gradnji cest in drugih pomembnih objektov.
To make life easier for travellers, most EEC countries had got rid of passport checks at the borders between them.
Večina držav EGS je zato, da bi popotnikom olajšala življenje, na mejah med temi državami odpravila kontrole potnih listov.
A person living in one member country was free to go and live and nd work in any other member country.
Oseba, ki je živela v eni državi članici, je lahko šla v katero koli drugo državo članico in tam živela ter poiskala delo.
The governments were discussing other new ideas too – for example, how policemen from di erent countries could help one another catch criminals, drug smugglers and terrorists.
Vlade so razpravljale tudi o drugih novih zamislih – na primer, kako bi si lahko policisti iz različnih držav pomagali pri lovu na storilce kaznivih dejanj, tihotapce mamil in teroriste.
In short, the club was so di erent and so much more united that, in 1992, it decided to change its name to the‘European Union’(EU). (EU).
Na kratko, skupina je bila zdaj tako drugačna in toliko bolj združena, da se je leta 1992 odločila spremeniti svoje ime v Evropska unija (EU).
Protecting the environment includes reducing air pollution – for example, using wind energy to make electricity.
Varstvo okolja zajema zmanjšanje onesnaženosti zraka – na primer z uporabo vetra za proizvajanje električne energije.
A policeman and his dog check luggage for drugs.
Policist in njegov pes preverjata, ali prtljaga vsebuje droge.
Bringing the family together
Ponovna združitev družine
Meanwhile, exciting things were happening beyond the EU’s borders.
Medtem so se zunaj meja EU dogajale vznemirljive stvari.
For many years, the eastern and western parts of Europe had been kept apart.
Mnogo let sta bila vzhodni in zahodni del Evrope ločena.
They weren’t at war, but their leaders disagreed strongly.
Nista se bojevala med seboj, vendar pa so si njuni voditelji močno nasprotovali.
The rulers of the eastern part believed in a system of government called ‘Communism’ which did not allow people much freedom.
Vladarji vzhodnega dela so verjeli v sistem vladanja, imenovan komunizem, ki ljudem ni puščal veliko svobode.
Because of the way they were governed, those countries were poor compared to western Europe.
Zaradi njihovega načina vladanja so bile te države revne v primerjavi z zahodno Evropo.
The division between east and west was so strong it was often described as an‘iron curtain’.
Delitev med vzhodom in zahodom je bila tako močna, da so jo pogosto imenovali„železna zavesa“.
In many places the border was marked by tall fences or a high wall, like the one that ran through the city of Berlin and split Germany in two.
Na mnogih delih meje so stale visoke ograje ali zid, kot je ta, ki je potekal skozi mesto Berlin in je Nemčijo delil na dvoje.
It was very dicult to get permission to cross this border.
Težko je bilo dobiti dovoljenje za prečkanje te meje.
Finally, in 1989, the division and disagreement ended.
Leta 1989 je bilo navsezadnje konec delitve in nesoglasij. Berlinski zid je bil porušen in„železna zavesa“ je prenehala obstajati.
Soon, Germany was reunited.
Kmalu je bila Nemčija ponovno združena.
The peoples of the central and eastern parts of Europe chose for themselves new governments that got rid of the old, strict Communist system.
Narodi srednjega in vzhodnega dela Evrope so si izbrali nove vlade in se znebili starega strogega komunističnega sistema.
They were free at last!
Končno so bili svobodni!
It was a wonderful time of celebration.
To je bil čas velikega slavja.
1989: demolishing the Berlin Wall.
1989: podrtje berlinskega zidu.
The countries that had gained freedom began asking whether they could join the European Union, and soon there was quite a queue of ‘candidate’ countries waiting to become EU members.
Države, ki so postale svobodne, so začele spraševati, ali lahko vstopijo v Evropsko unijo, in kmalu je nastala precejšnja vrsta držav kandidatk, ki so čakale, da bi lahko postale članice EU.
Before a country can join the European Union, its economy has to be working well.
Da lahko država vstopi v EU, mora njeno gospodarstvo uspešno delovati.
It also has to be democratic – in other words, its people must be free to choose who they want to govern them.
Biti mora tudi demokratična – z drugimi besedami, njeni ljudje morajo imeti možnost svobodne izbire svojih voditeljev.
And it must respect human rights.
Spoštovati mora tudi človekove pravice.
Human rights include the right to say what you think, the right not to be put in prison without a fair trial, the right not to be tortured, and many other important rights as well.
Med človekove pravice spadajo pravica do svobodnega izražanja mnenja, pravica, da človeka ne zaprejo brez poštenega sojenja, pravica, da se ga ne muči, in še mnoge druge pomembne pravice.
The former Communist countries worked hard at all these things and, after a few years, eight of them were ready: the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia.
Nekdanje komunistične države so v zvezi s tem opravile veliko dela in po nekaj letih je bilo osem od njih pripravljenih: Češka, Estonija, Latvija, Litva, Madžarska, Poljska, Slovaška in Slovenija.
They joined the EU on 1 May 2004, along with two Mediterranean islands – Cyprus and Malta.
EU so se pridružile 1. maja 2004 skupaj z dvema mediteranskima otokoma – Ciprom in Malto.
On 1 January 2007, two more former Communist countries were ready and Bulgaria and Romania joined the group.
Še dve nekdanji komunistični državi, Bolgarija in Romunija, sta bili pripravljeni 1. januarja 2007 in se pridružili skupini.
Never before have so many countries joined the EU in such a short time.
Nikoli prej se ni EU v tako kratkem času pridružilo toliko držav.
This is a real‘family reunion’, bringing together the eastern, central and western parts of Europe.
To je bila prava„ponovna združitev družine“, ki je pripeljala skupaj vzhodni, srednji in zahodni del Evrope.
The ¡ags of the 27 members of the EU.
Zastave 27 članic EU.
The EU tries to make life better in all sorts of ways.
EU poskuša izboljšati kakovost življenja na različne načine.
Climate change and the environment ys ar
Podnebne spremembe in okolje
The environment belongs to everyone, so countries have to work together to protect it.
Okolje pripada vsem, zato morajo države sodelovati, da ga ohranijo.
The EU has rules about stopping pollution and about protecting (for example) wild birds.
EU ima predpise o prenehanju onesnaževanja in o varstvu (na primer) divjih ptic.
These rules apply in all EU countries and their governments have to make sure they are obeyed.
Ti predpisi veljajo v vseh državah EU in njihove vlade morajo zagotoviti, da se tudi upoštevajo.
Pollution crosses borders, so European countries work together to protect the environment.
Onesnaženje gre preko meja, zato evropske države sodelujejo pri varstvu okolja.
Climate change – also known as global warming – is another problem that countries cannot tackle alone.
Podnebne spremembe, znane tudi kot globalno segrevanje, so še ena težava, ki je države ne morejo reševati same.
EU countries have therefore agreed to work together to lower the amount of emissions they produce that harm the atmosphere and cause global warming.
Države članice EU so se zato dogovorile, da bodo sodelovale pri zmanjšanju proizvedenih emisij, ki onesnažujejo ozračje in povzročajo globalno segrevanje.
The EU is also trying to in± uence other countries to do the same.
EU poskuša prav tako vplivati na druge države, da bi jo posnemale.
The euro
Evro
The euro is used in many EU countries.
Evro se uporablja v mnogih državah EU.
In years gone by, each country in Europe had its own kind of money, or‘currency’.
V preteklih letih je imela vsaka država v Evropi lastno vrsto denarja, valuto.
Now there is one single currency, the euro, which all EU countries can share if they wish.
Sedaj obstaja skupna valuta, evro, ki ga lahko imajo vse evropske države, če to želijo.
Having one currency makes it easier to do business and to travel and shop all over the EU without having to change from one currency to another.
Obstoj enotne valute lajša poslovanje, potovanje in nakupovanje po vsej EU, saj ni treba menjati denarja iz ene valute v drugo.
It took nine years of hard work and careful planning to introduce the euro.
Za uvedbo evra je bilo potrebnih devet let napornih prizadevanj in skrbnega načrtovanja.
The notes and coins came into use in 2002.
Bankovci in kovanci so se začeli uporabljati leta 2002.
Today, more than two thirds of the EU’s citizens are using the euro instead of the old currencies.
Danes več kot dve tretjini državljanov EU uporabljata evro namesto svojih starih valut.
If you compare euro coins you will see that on one side there is a design representing the country it was made in.
Če primerjate kovance evra, vidite na eni strani upodobljen motiv, ki predstavlja državo, v kateri je bil kovanec izdelan.
The other side is the same for all the countries.
Druga stran je enaka za vse države.
Freedom!
Svoboda!
Students from di§ erent countries study together, with help from the EU.
S pomočjo EU skupaj študirajo študentje iz različnih držav.
Training people to do new jobs is very important.
Usposabljanje ljudi za opravljanje novih del je zelo pomembno.
Some of the money they earn goes to pay for hospitals and schools, and to look after old people.
Del denarja, ki ga zaslužijo, se porabi za plačilo bolnišnic in šol in tudi za oskrbo ostarelih ljudi.
That’s why the EU is doing all it can to create new and better jobs for everyone who can work.
Zato EU stori vse, kar je v njeni moči, da bi ustvarila nova in boljša delovna mesta za vsakogar, ki je sposoben za delo.
It helps people to set up new businesses, and provides money to train people to do new kinds of work.
Ljudem pomaga ustanavljati nova podjetja in zagotavlja sredstva za usposabljanje ljudi, da lahko opravljajo nove vrste dela.
The EU helps pay for new roads.
EU so« nancira gradnjo novih cest.
Life is not easy for everyone everywhere in Europe.
Življenje ni enostavno za vse ljudi v Evropi.
In some places there are not enough jobs for people, because mines or factories have closed down.
V nekaterih krajih ni na voljo dovolj delovnih mest, saj so rudniki ali tovarne prenehali delovati.
In some areas, farming is hard because of the climate, or trade is di cult because there are not enough roads and railways.
Na nekaterih območjih je kmetovanje oteženo zaradi podnebja ali pa je otežena trgovina zaradi pomanjkanja cest in železnic.
The EU tackles these problems by collecting money from all its member countries and using it to help regions that are in di culty.
EU te probleme rešuje tako, da zbira denar od vseh držav članic in ga uporablja za pomoč regijam, ki so v težavah.
For example, it helps pay for new roads and rail links, and it helps businesses to provide new jobs for people.
Pomaga na primer plačati za gradnjo novih cest in železniških povezav, gospodarstvu pa pomaga zagotoviti nova delovna mesta.
Helping poor countries or b is e lt /C , B th s
Pomoč revnim državam or bi s e lt /C , B th s
In many countries around the world, people are dying or living di cult lives because of war, disease and natural disasters such as droughts or ± floods.
V mnogih državah po svetu ljudje umirajo ali živijo v težkih pogojih zaradi vojne, bolezni ali naravnih nesreč, kot so suša ali poplave.
Often these countries do not have enough money to build the schools and hospitals, roads and houses that their people need.
Te države pogosto nimajo dovolj denarja, da bi zgradile šole, bolnišnice, ceste in hiše, ki jih ljudje potrebujejo.
The EU gives money to these countries, and sends teachers, doctors, engineers and other experts to work there.
EU tem državam daje denar in vanje na delo pošilja učitelje, zdravnike, inženirje in druge strokovnjake.
It also buys many things that those countries produce without charging customs duties.
Kupuje tudi mnoge stvari, ki jih te države proizvajajo, ne da bi zaračunala carino.
That way, the poor countries can earn more money.
Na ta način lahko revne države zaslužijo več denarja.
The European Union has brought many European countries together in friendship.
Evropska unija je prijateljsko združila mnoge evropske države.
Of course, they don’t always agree on everything but, instead of fighting, their leaders sit round a table to sort out their disagreements.
Te se seveda ne strinjajo vedno glede vsega, toda namesto da bi se prerekali, voditelji sedejo za mizo in skušajo rešiti nesoglasja.
So the dream of Jean Monnet and Robert Schuman has come true.
Sanje Jeana Monneta in Roberta Schumana so se torej uresničile.
The EU has brought peace among its members.
EU je med države članice prinesla mir.
It is also working for lasting peace among its neighbours and in the wider world.
Prizadeva si tudi za trajen mir med svojimi sosedami in drugod po svetu.
For example, EU soldiers and police ocers are helping keep the peace in the former Yugoslavia, where there was bitter fighting not many years ago.
Vojaki in policisti iz EU na primer pomagajo ohranjati mir na območju nekdanje Jugoslavije, kjer so pred nedavnim potekali siloviti boji.
These are just some of the things the EU does: there are many more.
To so samo nekatere od dejavnosti EU, obstaja jih še veliko več.
In fact, being in the European Union makes a dierence to just about every aspect of our lives.
V resnici pa dejstvo, da je neka država v Evropski uniji, vpliva na skoraj vsak vidik našega življenja.
What things should the EU be doing, or not doing?
Kaj bi morala EU početi in česa ne?
That’s for the people in the EU to decide.
O tem morajo odločiti njeni državljani.
How can we have our say?
In kako ti lahko izrazijo svoje mnenje?
Find out in the next chapter.
O tem si preberite v naslednjem poglavju.
Europe has its own ±ag and its own anthem – Ode to Joy from Beethoven’s ninth symphony.
Evropa ima lastno zastavo in lastno himno – Odo radosti iz Beethovnove Devete simfonije.