natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Over the last decade, drugrelated research and the infrastructure that supports it (research centres, scientific journals, funding mechanisms) has developed greatly in Europe, as shown in a selected issue on research published by the EMCDDA in 2008.
V Evropi so se raziskave, povezane z drogami, in infrastruktura, ki jih podpira (raziskovalni centri, znanstvene revije, mehanizmi financiranja), v zadnjem desetletju močno razvili, kar kaže tudi izbrano vprašanje o raziskavah, ki ga je Center objavil leta 2008.
Less positively, this progress has not been accompanied by a comparable increase in the cooperation and coordination of drugrelated research efforts among EU Member States.
Manj pozitivno pa je, da tega napredka ne spremlja primerljiv porast sodelovanja in usklajevanja raziskovalnih prizadevanj, povezanih z drogami, med državami članicami EU.
Increasing attention is being paid to this issue, and the European Commission has commissioned a new study to provide an inventory of research activity together with a comparative analysis of infrastructures available in Europe and in other regions of the world.
Temu problemu je namenjena vedno večja pozornost, Evropska komisija pa je naročila novo raziskavo za popis raziskovalnih dejavnosti, skupaj s primerjalno analizo razpoložljive infrastrukture v Evropi in drugih regijah sveta.
The report will include recommendations on how to improve cooperation at EU level and contribute to a discussion on how to improve the links between European research funding opportunities and needs of research and policy.
V poročilo bodo vključena tudi priporočila o tem, kako izboljšati sodelovanje na ravni EU in prispevati k razpravi o tem, kako izboljšati povezave med evropskimi možnostmi financiranja raziskav in potrebami po raziskavah in politiki.
Introduction themselves to achieving measurable results in reducing the supply and demand for illicit drugs by 2008.
Uvod sodelovanja. S sprejetjem politične deklaracije so se članice ZN zavezale k doseganju merljivih rezultatov pri zmanjševanju ponudbe in povpraševanja po prepovedanih drogah do leta 2008.
Drugpolicy is set to be an important issue in 2008.
Politika na področju drog je v letu 2008 pomembno vprašanje.
In this year, both the United Nations and the European Union assess the results of their drug policies on the use of, and harms caused by, illicit drugs.
V tem letu Združeni narodi in Evropska unija ocenjujejo rezultate svojih politik do drog na uporabo prepovedanih drog in njihove škodljive učinke.
The United Nations reviews the progress made in implementing the measures and reaching the goals decided during the 1998 UN General Assembly Special Session (Ungass) on the world drug problem.
Združeni narodi proučujejo napredek, dosežen pri izvajanju ukrepov in doseganju ciljev, opredeljenih na izrednem zasedanju Generalne skupščine Združenih narodov o drogah leta 1998 (Ungass) glede svetovnega problema drog.
In Europe, 2008 sees the final evaluation of the current EU action plan on drugs (2005–08) and the drafting of the action plan for 2009–12.
Leta 2008 bomo v Evropi priča zadnji oceni sedanjega akcijskega načrta EU za boj proti drogam (2005–2008) in pripravi akcijskega načrta za 2009–2012.
Furthermore, an unprecedented number of EU Member States also review their national drug strategies and action plans and draft new drugpolicy documents (1) during this year.
Poleg tega v tem letu doslej največje število držav članic EU proučuje nacionalne strategije boja proti drogam in akcijske načrte ter pripravlja nove dokumente politike boja proti drogam (1
This year’s session of the United Nations Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND) has launched the 10-year review of the progress made in reaching the goals and targets set during the 1998 Ungass.
Letošnje zasedanje Komisije Združenih narodov za droge (CND) je botrovalo desetletnemu pregledu napredka, doseženega pri doseganju ciljev, zastavljenih med Ungass leta 1998.
A report presented by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) argued that significant progress has been achieved in the last 10 years, though, in some areas and regions, UN Member States have not fully attained the goals and targets mentioned in the political declaration (3).
V poročilu, ki ga je predstavil Urad za droge in kriminal pri Združenih narodih (UNODC), je bilo navedeno, da je bil v zadnjih desetih letih dosežen velik napredek, čeprav na nekaterih področjih in regijah države članice ZN niso v celoti dosegle ciljev, omenjenih v politični deklaraciji (3).
This assessment is to be followed by a one-year reflection period, during which discussions will first be held among intergovernmental expert working groups and then in intersessional meetings.
Tej oceni mora slediti enoletno obdobje za presojo, med katerim bodo najprej potekale razprave med medvladnimi strokovnimi delovnimi skupinami, nato pa še na srečanjih med zasedanji.
This will allow preparations to be made for a dedicated twoday, high-level, segment at the 2009 CND, which will decide upon a possible future political declaration and measures.
To bo omogočilo priprave na posebno dvodnevno zasedanje CND na visoki ravni leta 2009, kjer se bo odločalo o možni prihodnji politični deklaraciji in ukrepih.
The EMCDDA will discuss the findings and developments made during 2008 in its next annual report.
Center bo ugotovitve in razvojne dogodke v letu 2008 obravnaval v naslednjem letnem poročilu.
This year, Chapter 1 focuses on recent changes in drug policy, presents new data on drugrelated public expenditure, explores three specific dimensions of drug laws — possession for personal use, alternatives to punishment, and the focus on protecting the public — and highlights the latest trends in drugrelated offences.
To leto se poglavje 1 osredotoča na nedavne spremembe politike boja proti drogam, predstavlja nove podatke o javnih izdatkih, povezanih z drogami, raziskuje tri posebne razsežnosti zakonodaje o drogah – posedovanje za osebno uporabo, druge možnosti kaznovanja in osredotočanje na zaščito javnosti – ter poudarja najnovejše trende na področju kršitev, povezanih z drogami.
The chapter ends with an overview of drugrelated research in EU Member States.
Poglavje se zaključi s pregledom raziskav držav članic EU, povezanih z drogami.
The European Union is playing an active role in the Ungass review.
Evropska unija ima aktivno vlogo pri pregledu Ungass.
Resolutions prepared by the EU were adopted at the 2006 (49/1), 2007 (50/12) and 2008 (51/4) sessions of the CND, all of which call for a scientific and transparent review process.
Resolucije, ki jih je pripravila EU, so bile sprejete na zasedanjih CND leta 2006 (49/1), 2007 (50/12) in 2008 (51/4), vse pa pozivajo k znanstvenemu in preglednemu postopku pregleda.
The EMCDDA has also been involved in expert consultations funded by the European Commission and held by the UNODC, and in this context has provided an overview of drug strategies and responses in Europe since 1998.
Center je sodeloval tudi pri strokovnih posvetovanjih, ki jih je financirala Evropska unija in izvedel UNDOC, v tem okviru pa je bil zagotovljen pregled strategij boja proti drogam in odzivov v Evropi od leta 1998.
International and EU policy developments
Razvoj mednarodnih politik in politik EU
Evaluation of the EU action plan on drugs
Ungass – 10-letni pregled
In June 1998, the 20th UN General Assembly Special Session (Ungass) convened in New York to debate the world drug problem.
Decembra 2007 je Evropska komisija predstavila drugi pregled napredka v zvezi z izvajanjem akcijskega načrta EU za boj proti drogam (2005–2008).
): a political declaration; a declaration on the guiding principles of drug demand reduction; and a five-part resolution with measures to enhance international cooperation.
Poročilo, ki vključuje podatke iz držav članic EU, Centra, Europola in Evropske komisije, ocenjuje, v kolikšni meri so bili izvedeni ukrepi, načrtovani za leto 2007.
In adopting the political declaration, UN Member States committed
Eden izmed glavnih zaključkov pregleda je bil, da obstajajo znaki, da se politike držav članic glede boja proti drogam zbližujejo.
In December 2007, the European Commission presented its second progress review on the implementation of the EU action plan on drugs (2005–08).
Junija 1998 je v New Yorku potekalo 20. izredno zasedanje Generalne skupščine Združenih narodov (Ungass), posvečeno svetovnemu problemu drog.
The term ‘national drugpolicy document’ means any official document approved by a government that defines general principles and specific interventions or objectives in the field of drugs, where officially represented as a drug strategy, action plan, programme or other policy document. http://www.un.org/ga/20special/ http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/commissions/CND/session/51.html
Izraz „nacionalni dokument politike boja proti drogam“ pomeni kateri koli uradni dokument, ki ga odobri vlada in ki opredeljuje splošna načela in posebne intervencije ali cilje na področju drog, uradno pa je predstavljen kot strategija boja proti drogam, akcijski načrt, program ali drug dokument politike. http://www.un.org/ga/20special/ http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/commissions/CND/session/51.html
New developments on supply-reduction activities and in linking some of the planned actions with the indicator chosen to assess their implementation.
Pregled je tudi izpostavil težave pri zbiranju podatkov o dejavnostih za zmanjševanje ponudbe in pri povezovanju načrtovanih ukrepov s kazalnikom, izbranim za oceno njihovega izvajanja.
The final evaluation of the current EU action plan on drugs took place in 2008, with input from the EU Member States, Europol and the EMCDDA.
Nove akcijske načrte na področju drog ali programe so v drugi polovici leta 2007 sprejele štiri države članice EU (Češka republika, Estonija, Madžarska, Finska), Turčija in Norveška.
The evaluation report is due to be published by the Commission in autumn 2008, and its findings will contribute to the shaping of the second action plan (2009–12) under the current EU strategy on drugs (2005–12).
Vsi ti dokumenti obsegajo obdobje treh ali štirih let in so, z izjemo turškega akcijskega načrta, nadaljevanje prejšnjih načrtov ali programov. Leta 2007 je tudi Španija sprejela dopolnilni nacionalni akcijski program boja proti kokainu (2007–2010).
New drug action plans or programmes were adopted by four EU Member States (Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Finland), Turkey and Norway in the second half of 2007.
Končna ocena sedanjega akcijskega načrta EU za boj proti drogam je potekala leta 2008, podatke pa so prispevali države članice EU, Europol in Center.
All of these documents cover a time span of three to four years and, with the exception of the Turkish action plan, they have been preceded by previous plans or programmes. In the same year, Spain also adopted a complementary national action programme against cocaine (2007–10).
Ocenjevalno poročilo bo Komisija objavila jeseni leta 2008, njegove ugotovitve pa bodo prispevale k oblikovanju drugega akcijskega načrta (2009–2012) v okviru sedanje strategije EU za boj proti drogam (2005–2012).
Other EU developments
Druge razvojne spremembe na ravni EU
In early 2008, three more Member States adopted new policy documents.
V začetku leta 2008 so nove dokumente politike sprejele še tri države članice.
Italy’s first drug action plan has a time frame of one year, and is to be followed by a four-year action plan (2009–12), which will be synchronised with the new EU action plan on drugs.
Prvi italijanski akcijski načrt na področju drog obsega obdobje enega leta in mu bo sledil štiriletni akcijski načrt (2009–2012), ki bo usklajen z novim akcijskim načrtom EU za boj proti drogam.
Malta’s first ever national drugpolicy document, while not defining the time frame, includes almost 50 actions to be implemented in the coming years.
Prvi malteški nacionalni dokument politike boja proti drogam vključuje, čeprav ne opredeljuje časovnega obdobja, skoraj petdeset ukrepov, ki naj bi bili izvedeni v prihodnjih letih.
Finally, the United Kingdom’s new 10-year drug strategy (2008–18) is, for the first time, complemented by a three-year action plan (2008–11), which defines key actions to be implemented in the near future.
In nenazadnje, novo britansko desetletno strategijo boja proti drogam (2008–2018) prvič dopolnjuje triletni akcijski načrt (2008–2011), ki opredeljuje glavne ukrepe, ki naj bi se izvedli v bližnji prihodnosti.
In September 2007, the Council and the European Parliament adopted the ’Drug prevention and information’ programme (4) under the financial framework 2007–13 and the general programme for civil justice and fundamental rights.
za preprečevanje uporabe drog in obveščanje“ (4).
The general objectives of the programme are: the prevention and reduction of drug use, dependence and drugrelated harm; to contribute to the improvement of information on drug use; and to support actions taken under the EU drug strategy (2005–12).
Splošni cilji programa so: preprečevanje in zmanjševanje uporabe drog, odvisnosti in škode, povezane z drogami; prispevanje k izboljšanju informacij o uporabi drog in podpiranje ukrepov, sprejetih v okviru strategije EU za boj proti drogam (2005–2012).
Under the programme, EUR 21.35 million will be available for Commission studies, operational costs of European non-governmental organisations in the drugs field, and transnational projects.
V okviru programa bo za študije Komisije, stroške poslovanja evropskih nevladnih organizacij na področju drog in nadnacionalne projekte na voljo 21,35 milijona EUR.
Joint actions may also be undertaken with other Community programmes, for example the second programme of Community action in the field of health (2008–13) (5), which, in the part related to health promotion dealing with different health determinants, includes actions on illicit drugs in specific settings, such as schools and workplaces.
Z drugimi programi Skupnosti se lahko izvajajo skupni ukrepi, na primer drugi program ukrepov Skupnosti na področju zdravja (2008–2013) (5), ki v delu, povezanem s krepitvijo zdravja v zvezi z različnimi dejavniki zdravja, vključuje ukrepe za prepovedane droge v določenih okoljih, kot so šole in delovna mesta.
The majority of national drugpolicy documents adopted in late 2007 and early 2008 focus mainly on illicit drugs, with some also addressing other substances such as alcohol, tobacco, medicines and performance-enhancing drugs.
Večina nacionalnih dokumentov politike boja proti drogam, sprejetih konec leta 2007 in v začetku leta 2008, se osredotoča na prepovedane droge, nekateri dokumenti pa obravnavajo tudi druge snovi, kot so alkohol, tobak, zdravila in doping.
This reflects a tendency among European countries, whereby the existence of links and similarities between the use of illicit and licit substances is acknowledged, but drugpolicy documents rarely comprehensively address substances other than illicit drugs (6).
To odraža težnjo evropskih držav, kjer so priznane povezave in podobnosti med uporabo prepovedanih in dovoljenih snovi, vendar pa dokumenti politike boja proti drogam redko celovito obravnavajo snovi, ki niso prepovedane droge (6).
Norway continues to be one of the exceptions to this pattern, with illicit drugs and alcohol fully integrated in its recently adopted action plan.
Norveška je še naprej ena izmed izjem v tem vzorcu, saj je prepovedane droge in alkohol v celoti vključila v akcijski načrt, ki je bil sprejet nedavno.
The numerous national drug strategies and action plans to be developed for 2009, together with those recently adopted, will allow the EMCDDA to examine whether the trend towards increasing integration of licit and illicit drugs in national drug policies, identified in the 2006 selected issue, has continued.
Številne nacionalne strategije boja proti drogam in akcijski načrti, pripravljeni za leto 2009, bodo skupaj z nedavno sprejetimi strategijami in načrti Centru omogočili, da prouči, ali se trend vedno večjega vključevanja dovoljenih in prepovedanih drog v nacionalne politike boja proti drogam, ki je bil opredeljen v izbranem vprašanju za leto 2006, nadaljuje.
General situation
Splošno stanje
Austria is now the only EU Member State that has not adopted a national drug strategy or action plan, though each of its provinces has a regional drug or addiction strategy or action plan. In the other 26 Member States, as well as in Croatia, Turkey and Norway, drugpolicy is
Avstrija je zdaj edina država članica EU, ki ni sprejela nacionalne strategije boja proti drogam ali akcijskega načrta, čeprav ima vsaka izmed njenih dežel regionalno strategijo na področju drog in odvisnosti ali akcijski načrt.
In June 2006, the European Commission issued a Green Paper on the role of civil society in drug policy, as called for in the current drug action plan.
Junija 2006 je Evropska komisija objavila zeleno knjigo o vlogi civilne družbe v politiki na področju drog v Evropski uniji, kot je določeno v akcijskem načrtu na področju drog.
This was followed in 2007 by the selection process for a new civil society forum on drugs.
Temu je leta 2007 sledil postopek izbire za nov forum civilne družbe o drogah.
The purpose of the forum is to serve as a platform for the informal exchange of views and information between the Commission and civil society organisations in the EU, candidate countries and, as appropriate, European neighbourhood policy countries.
Namen foruma je delovati kot platforma za neformalno izmenjavo mnenj in informacij med Komisijo in organizacijami civilne družbe v EU, državah kandidatkah in, če je primerno, državah, ki sodelujejo pri evropski sosedski politiki.
The forum includes 26 organisations representing a wide spectrum of views.
Forum vključuje 26 organizacij, ki predstavljajo širok spekter mnenj.
It met for the first time in December 2007 and again in May 2008 to discuss the evaluation of the current EU action plan on drugs and the new action plan.
Forum se je prvič sestal decembra 2007 in drugič maja 2008. Udeleženci so razpravljali o oceni sedanjega akcijskega načrta EU za boj proti drogam in novega akcijskega načrta.
Decision No 1150/2007/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 September 2007 establishing for the period 2007–13 the specific programme ‘drug prevention and information’ as part of the general programme ‘Fundamental rights and justice’ (OJ L 257, 3.10.2007, p. 23).
Sklep št. 1150/2007/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 25. septembra 2007 o vzpostavitvi posebnega programa „Preprečevanje uporabe drog in obveščanje“ za obdobje 2007–2013 v okviru splošnega programa „Temeljne pravice in pravosodje“ (UL L 257, 3.10.2007, str. 23).
Decision No 1350/2007/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2007 establishing a second programme of Community action in the field of health (2008–13) (OJ L 301, 20.11.2007, p. 3).
Sklep št. 1350/2007/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 23. oktobra 2007 o uvedbi drugega programa ukrepov Skupnosti na področju zdravja (2008–2013) (UL L 301, 20.11.2007, str.
Annual report 2008: the state of the drugs problem in Europe
Letno poročilo 2008: stanje na področju problematike drog v Evropi
Figure 1: Trend in the numberofcountries with national drugpolicy documents among the 27 EU Member States, Croatia, Turkey and Norway as in their political, social and economic contexts, the diversity that exists among national drug policies, though diminishing, is likely to remain to some degree in the future.
Prikaz 1: Trend v državah, ki imajo nacionalne dokumente politik boja proti drogam, v skupini 27 držav članic EU, Hrvaške, Turčije in Norveške
Some examples of this diversity are highlighted in Chapter 2.
Nekateri primeri teh razlik so poudarjeni v poglavju 2.
No national drugpolicy document
Brez nacionalnega dokumenta politik boja proti drogam
Single national drugpolicy document
En nacionalni dokument politik boja proti drogam
Two complementary national drugpolicy documents
Dva dopolnjujoča se nacionalna dokumenta politik boja proti drogam
Reitox national focal points.
Nacionalne kontaktne točke Reitox.
set out in national drugpolicy documents.
V ostalih 26 državah članicah ter na Hrvaškem, v Turčiji in na Norveškem je politika boja proti drogam določena v nacionalnih dokumentih politike boja proti drogam.
As a point of comparison, in 1995, only 10 of these 30 countries had developed such an instrument (Figure 1).
Za primerjavo – leta 1995 je samo deset izmed teh 30 držav razvilo takšen instrument (prikaz 1).
EU Member States differ, however, in their methods and approaches for evaluating national drug strategies and action plans; and there is a need to identify best practices in this field.
Vendar pa imajo države članice EU različne metode in pristope za vrednotenje nacionalnih strategij in akcijskih načrtov na področju drog; in obstaja potreba po opredelitvi najboljših praks na tem področju.
This was highlighted at a conference on evaluation organised by the Portuguese Presidency of the EU in September 2007.
To je bilo poudarjeno na konferenci o vrednotenju, ki jo je organiziralo portugalsko predsedstvo EU septembra 2007.
To respond to this challenge, the EMCDDA, in collaboration with Member States, is exploring the possibility of developing European guidelines in this field.
Da bi se odzval na ta izziv, Center skupaj z državami članicami raziskuje možnost priprave evropskih smernic na tem področju.
Drugrelated public expenditure
Javni izdatki za boj proti drogam
Convergence can also be seen in the format of drug strategies and action plans.
Zbliževanje lahko opazimo tudi v obliki strategij in akcijskih načrtov na področju drog.
Fourteen countries now structure their national drugpolicy documents along lines similar to those of the current EU drug strategy and action plan.
Štirinajst držav zdaj svoje nacionalne dokumente politik boja proti drogam oblikuje podobno, kot sta oblikovana sedanja strategija EU in akcijski načrt za boj proti drogam.
Moreover, the same numberofcountries now organise their national drug policies using two complementary instruments: a strategic framework and an action plan (Figure 1).
Poleg tega enako število držav zdaj organizira svoje nacionalne politike boja proti drogam s pomočjo dveh dopolnilnih instrumentov: strateškega okvira in akcijskega načrta (prikaz 1).
In 2000, when the European Union used this approach for the first time, only two Member States had two complementary drugpolicy documents.
Leta 2000, ko je Evropska unija prvič uporabila ta pristop, sta samo dve državi članici imeli dva dopolnilna dokumenta politike boja proti drogam.
The content of national drugpolicy documents is another area in which there are signs of convergence among the EU Member States, Croatia, Turkey and Norway, with gradually more evidence of common objectives and common interventions in the national drug strategies and action plans adopted by different countries.
Vsebina nacionalnih dokumentov politike boja proti drogam pa je še eno področje, kjer so vidni znaki zbliževanja med državami članicami EU, Hrvaško, Turčijo in Norveško.
However, as European countries differ in their drug problem as well
V nacionalnih strategijah boja proti drogam in akcijskih načrtih za boj proti drogam, ki so jih sprejele različne države, je vedno več dokazov o skupnih ciljih in skupnih
For 2006, four EU Member States (Czech Republic, Ireland, Poland, Portugal) provided detailed information on public expenditure associated with tackling drugs (summarised in Table 1).
Za leto 2006 so štiri države članice EU (Češka republika, Irska, Poljska, Portugalska) predložile podrobne informacije o javnih izdatkih, povezanih z bojem proti drogam (povzeto v preglednici 1).
Information on the division of drugrelated expenditure between central government and regional or local government was provided by two of the four countries, allowing a comparison of the role played by the different sectors of government.
Informacije o delitvi javnih izdatkov za boj proti drogam med osrednjo vlado in regionalno oziroma lokalno vlado sta predložili dve izmed štirih držav, kar je omogočilo primerjavo vloge, ki jo imajo različni državni sektorji.