natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Furthermore, Article 11(6) of Regulation No 1/2003 provides, subject only to consulting the national authority concerned, that the Commission retains the option of initiating proceedings with a view to adopting a decision even where that authority is already dealing with the case.
V tej sodbi je Sodišče prve stopnje pojasnilo, da preizkusa pogojev za uporabo člena 87 ES, ki je bil v odločbi Komisije opravljen na splošno, ni mogoče šteti za neskladnega z obveznostjo obrazložitve zlasti takrat, kadar so zadevni ukrepi zajeti v istem akcijskem načrtu.
A fortiori, Regulation No 1/2003 cannot be interpreted as prohibiting, in such a case, the Commission from deciding to carry out an inspection, a step that is merely preliminary to dealing with the substance of the case and does not have the eect of formally initiating proceedings.
V sodbi Département du Loiret proti Komisiji61pa je Sodišče prve stopnje ugotovilo nezadostno obrazložitev odločbe Komisije, s katero je bila državna pomoč, ki je bila nezakonito dodeljena podjetju v obliki prenosa oskrbovanega ozemlja po preferenčni
Condentiality of communications between lawyers and clients
Sodba Sodišča prve stopnje z dne 4. julija 2007 (T-475/04) (v pritožbenem postopku, C-431/07 P).
In Akzo Nobel Chemicals and Akcros Chemicals v Commission the Court ruled on the scope of the principle, asserted by the Court of Justice in AM & S v Commission (54 ), that the
Sodba Sodišča prve stopnje z dne 12. decembra 2007 (T-50/06, T-56/06, T-60/06, T-62/06 in T-69/06).
Court of First Instance
Sodišče prve stopnje ceni, opredeljena za nezdružljivo s skupnim trgom.
As regards the procedure to be followed during an inspection, the Court held that an undertaking is entitled to refuse to allow the Commission ocials to take even a cursory look at documents for which it claims condentiality, provided that the undertaking considers that such a cursory look is impossible without revealing the content of the documents and that it gives appropriate reasons.
V skladu s sodno prakso, povzeto in potrjeno v členu 13(1) Uredbe št. 659/1999, je Komisija pooblaščena, da sprejme odločbo na podlagi razpoložljivih podatkov, če država članica ne izpolnjuje obveznosti sodelovanja in zavrača predložitev podatkov, ki jih je zahtevala Komisija za preučitev združljivosti pomoči s skupnim trgom.
If the Commission considers that the material presented by the undertaking is not of such a nature as to prove that the documents in question are condential, its ocials may place a copy of the document in a sealed envelope and then remove it with a view to a subsequent resolution of the dispute. The Court considered that this procedure enables risk of a breach of the principle of protection of condentiality of communications between lawyers and clients to be avoided while at the same time enabling the Commission to retain a certain control over the documents and avoiding the risk that the documents will subsequently disappear or be manipulated.
V sodbi MTU Friedrichshafen proti Komisiji62 je Sodišče prve stopnje razsodilo, da člen 13(1) navedene uredbe Komisiji omogoča, da na podlagi razpoložljivih podatkov, potem ko je spoštovala v tem členu določene postopkovne zahteve, sprejme odločbo o ugotovitvi nezdružljivosti pomoči in – če je to primerno – odredi, da mora zadevna država članica zahtevati vračilo pomoči od prejemnikov, vendar pa ji ne omogoča, da podjetju naloži, niti solidarno, obveznost vračila določenega zneska pomoči, ki je bila razglašena za nezdružljivo in je bila nezakonito dodeljena, če prenos državnih sredstev, ki naj bi jih to podjetje prejelo, temelji na domnevi.
On the other hand, the mere fact that a document has been discussed with a lawyer is not sucient to give it such protection. The Court added that the fact that a document was drawn up in connection with a competition law compliance programme is not sucient in itself for that document to be protected.
Sodišče prve stopnje je v sodbi Scott proti Komisiji63opozorilo, da namen izterjave nezakonite pomoči ni naložitev sankcije, ki ni predvidena s pravom Skupnosti, ampak da upravičenec do pomoči izgubi prednost pred konkurenti, ki jo je imel na trgu, in da se vzpostavi položaj, ki je obstajal pred plačilom navedene pomoči.
The scope of such programmes is often such that they encompass duties and cover information going beyond the exercise of the rights of the defence.
Komisija torej ne more iz velikodušnosti naložiti izterjave nižjega zneska od vrednosti pomoči, ki jo je prejel upravičenec, niti ne more izraziti svojega neodobravanja glede teže nezakonitosti s tem, da naloži izterjavo zneska, ki je višji od te vrednosti.
Principle of proportionality
Uporaba pravnega okvira v času
55) is informative as to the conditions in which the
Sodišče prve stopnje je odobravajoče sprejelo argumentacijo tožeče stranke, v skladu s katero bi morala Komisija preučiti zadevno shemo pomoči glede na določbe, ki so veljale na datum priglasitve, ne pa glede na tiste, ki so začele veljati po tem datumu.
The judgment in CB v Commission (
Sodba Sodišča prve stopnje z dne 12. septembra 2007 (T-196/02) (v pritožbenem postopku, C-520/07 P).
The applicant, an economic interest group governed by French law set up by the main French credit establishments in order to achieve interoperability between their bank
Sodba Sodišča prve stopnje z dne 29. marca 2007 (T-366/00) (v pritožbenem postopku, C-290/07 P).
Judgment of 12 July 2007 in Case T-266/03.
Sodba Sodišča prve stopnje z dne 3. maja 2007 (T-357/02) (v pritožbenem postopku, C-334/07 P).
In Pergan Hilfsstoe für industrielle Prozesse v Commission the Court developed the principles laid down in Bank Austria Creditanstalt v Commission (56
V zgoraj navedeni sodbi Scott proti Komisiji je Sodišče prve stopnje pojasnilo, da čeprav nobena določba postopka nadzora nad državnimi pomočmi, ki je urejen s členom 88 ES, upravičencu do pomoči ne daje posebne vloge glede na zainteresirane osebe in čeprav ta upravičenec nima statusa stranke v postopku, je Komisija glede na njeno obveznost skrbnega in nepristranskega preizkusa primera v določenih okoliščinah lahko dolžna upoštevati pripombe upravičenca do pomoči, predložene po poteku roka, določenega za zainteresirane osebe v odločbi o začetku formalnega postopka preiskave.
Commission’s power to publish its decisions and respect for professional secrecy, and stated that those concepts must be interpreted in the light of the principle of the presumption of innocence.
V tej sodbi je Sodišče prve stopnje tudi pojasnilo svojo sodno prakso, v skladu s katero se zakonitost odločbe Komisije v zadevah državnih pomoči presoja z vidika podatkov, ki so bili na voljo Komisiji med sprejetjem odločbe, tako da se tožeča stranka ne more sklicevati na dejstva, ki Komisiji niso znana in jih ni navajala v tem formalnem postopku preiskave.
In reliance on that principle, the applicant claimed that publication of the ‘peroxides decision’ was unlawful, since it contained findings relating to alleged offending conduct on its part.
V zadevi, ki je privedla do sodbe Tirrenia di Navigazione in drugi proti Komisiji65, so tožeče stranke predlagale razglasitev ničnosti odločbe Komisije o začetku formalnega postopka preiskave v zvezi z državno pomočjo, ki je bila dodeljena italijanskim podjetjem za pomorski prevoz.
In that regard, the Court observed that, even though, according to Bank Austria Creditanstalt v Commission, the interest of an undertaking in the nondisclosure of the anticompetitive conduct of which it is accused by the Commission does not merit any particular protection, the application of that caselaw presupposes that the infringement found is mentioned in the operative part of the decision, which is an essential requirement if the undertaking is to be able to mount a legal challenge against the decision.
Ker je Sodišče o glavnih vsebinskih vprašanjih že odločilo v povezani zadevi66, je Sodišče prve stopnje poudarilo, da mora preveriti, ali je mogoče rešitev Sodišča prenesti na ta primer, ker se trditve, ki so jih navedle tožeče stranke, razlikujejo od trditev, na katere je Sodišče že odgovorilo, in ker tožeče stranke v postopku pred Sodiščem prve stopnje niso imele možnosti, da se izjavijo pred Sodiščem, ker intervencija posameznikov pred tem sodiščem v takem sporu ni predvidena.
As the ‘peroxides decision’ did not satisfy that condition in the applicant’s case, the Court held that the findings with respect to the applicant were not established in law and could not be disclosed.
Poleg tega je Sodišče prve stopnje, opirajoč se na sodno prakso Sodišča, v zvezi z obsegom prepovedi odločanja ultra petita67 odločilo, da mora sodišče Skupnosti, če tožena institucija ne navede pravne presoje, katere uveljavljanje bi dokazalo zakonitost izpodbijanega akta, upoštevati tako presojo, da ne bi prišlo do razglasitve ničnosti zakonitega akta.
Such a situation is contrary to the principle of the presumption of innocence and infringes the principle of professional secrecy which requires that respect for the reputation and dignity of the applicant be ensured.
Zato se je Sodišče prve stopnje na svojo pobudo oprlo na presojo, v skladu s katero tretje zainteresirane osebe ne morejo doseči razglasitve ničnosti odločbe na podlagi vsebin, ki jih nacionalni organi niso predložili Komisiji v predhodnem postopku preiskave, in je tožbo zavrnilo.
The problem of the classication of measures as State aid formed the subject matter of a number of judgments delivered by the Court of First Instance in 2007.
Sodišče prve stopnje je poudarilo, da je nasledstvo pravnega okvira Pogodbe ES in Pogodbe ESPJ del kontinuitete pravnega reda Skupnosti in njegovih ciljev, ki zahteva, da Evropska skupnost zagotavlja spoštovanje pravic in obveznosti, ki so nastale med veljavnostjo Pogodbe ESPJ.
These include, in particular, the judgment in Olympiaki Aeroporia Ypiresies v Commission (57), in which the Court annulled in part a Commission decision ordering, inter alia, recovery of State aid consisting in the Hellenic Republic’s toleration of non-payment of value added tax (‘VAT’) on fuel and spare parts for aeroplanes.
Zasledovanje cilja neizkrivljene konkurence v sektorjih, ki so sprva sodili k skupnemu trgu železa in jekla, tako ni prekinjeno zaradi prenehanja veljavnosti Pogodbe ESPJ, ker se ta cilj zasleduje tudi v okviru Pogodbe ES.
The Court considered that the Commission had failed to examine whether such a default in payment conferred a real economic advantage permitting it to be classied as State aid.
Z drugimi besedami, sektorji, ki so prej spadali v Pogodbo ESPJ – lex specialis – so od 24. julija 2002 samodejno preneseni na področje uporabe Pogodbe ES – lex generalis.
As VAT is in principle neutral as regards the competitive situation, in that it may be either immediately deducted as input tax or recovered within a short time, the only advantage from which the applicant could have beneted would have consisted in a cash-ow advantage arising from the temporary disbursement of the input tax.
Sodišče prve stopnje vseeno pojasnjuje, da so institucije v okviru vsake pogodbe pristojne le za izvajanje tistih pooblastil, ki so jim bila dodeljena s to pogodbo.
The Court observed that, in this case, the failure to pay the VAT did not suce, in principle, to support the assumption that the applicant had beneted from an advantage for the purposes of Article 87 EC.
Nasprotno pa lahko načela, ki urejajo časovno veljavnost predpisov, vodijo k uporabi določb materialnega prava, ki v trenutku sprejetja akta s strani institucije Skupnosti ne veljajo več.
In Bouygues and Bouygues Télécom v Commission (58) the Court upheld the Commission’s decision in which it found that there was no State aid owing to the absence of a selective advantage granted to certain operators by a national measure reducing the fees payable by them for UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) licences for the purpose of aligning the terms on which all those licences were awarded.The resulting loss incurred by State resources was not sucient to prove the existence of State aid because it was inevitable on account of the general scheme of the system, as the Community framework for telecommunications services is based on equal treatment of operators in the award of licences and the determination of fees.
Sodišče prve stopnje je v sodbi SP in drugi proti Komisiji z uporabo teh načel razglasilo za nično odločbo, ki jo je Komisija po prenehanju veljavnosti Pogodbe ESPJ sprejela na podlagi člena 65(4) in (5) PJ in ne na podlagi ustreznih določb Uredbe št. 1769 za ugotovitev kršitve člena 65(1) PJ, ki ga je kršilo več italijanskih izdelovalcev jekla za armiranje betona, in s katero je bila tem podjetjem naložena globa.
The Court emphasised, moreover, that the potential advantage deriving from the fact that licences were awarded to the first operators at an earlier date did not confer a benet on those operators owing to the delay in launching the UMTS network.
Nasprotno pa je Sodišče prve stopnje v sodbi González y Diéz proti Komisiji razsodilo, da je Komisija po prenehanju veljavnosti Pogodbe ESPJ upravičeno sprejela odločbo v zvezi z državnimi pomočmi, ki so bile dodeljene na področjih uporabe navedene pogodbe, pri čemer se je oprla na člen 88(2) ES, glede položaja, ki je bil dosežen pred prenehanjem veljavnosti Pogodbe ESPJ.
) the Court annulled the Commission’s decision concerning the exemption from customs duty of mineral oil used as fuel for the production of aluminium in certain areas of Ireland, France and Italy, raising of its own motion a failure to state reasons concerning the non-classication of that measure as‘existing aid’fixed by
Odločb, izdanih v okviru Uredbe št. 40/9470, je bilo tudi to leto med končanimi zadevami veliko (128), saj se je delež teh zadev sedaj povzpel že na 32 % vseh končanih zadev.
Judgment of 12 September 2007 in Case T-68/03.
Sodbe Sodišča prve stopnje z dne 12. septembra 2007 v zadevi González y Díez proti Komisiji (T-25/04), z dne 25. oktobra 2007 v zadevi SP in drugi proti Komisiji (T-27/03, T-46/03, T-58/03, T-79/03, T-80/03, T-97/03 in T-98/03).
Judgment of 4 July 2007 in Case T-475/04 (on appeal, Case C-431/07 P).
Obravnavana vprašanja v tej zadnji sodbi so prav tako predmet sodb z istega dne, Riva Acciaio proti Komisiji (T-45/03), Feralpi Siderurgica proti Komisiji (T-77/03) in Ferriere Nord proti Komisiji (T-94/03).
Judgment of 12 December 2007 in Joined Cases T-50/06, T-56/06, T-60/06, T-62/06 and T-69/06.
Uredba Sveta (ES) št. 40/94 z dne 20. decembra 1993 o znamki Skupnosti (UL L 11, str. 1).
Regulation No 659/99 (60).
Absolutni razlogi za zavrnitev registracije
The Court observed that, in accordance with the Community provisions governing excise duties, the exemptions in question had been authorised and extended by a number of decisions of the Council adopted on a proposal from the Commission.
Sodišče prve stopnje je od skupaj 68 sodb, v katerih je odločalo o zadevah v zvezi z absolutnimi razlogi za zavrnitev registracije, razglasilo tri sodbe, v katerih je razveljavilo izpodbijani akt71.
In those circumstances, the Court held that when the Commission omitted to consider the aid in issue to be existing aid under the abovementioned provision of Regulation No 659/1999, it was not entitled merely to assert that that provision was not applicable in this case.
V sodbi Kustom Musical Amplication proti UUNT (Oblika kitare) je ugotovilo kršitev pravice do izjave in obveznosti obrazložitve, ker internetne strani, na podlagi katerih je Urad za usklajevanje na notranjem trgu (v nadaljevanju: UUNT) zavrnil prijavljeno znamko, niso bile dostopne prek povezav, ki jih je UUNT posredoval prijavitelju pred sprejetjem odločbe.
The judgment in Salvat père et ls and Others v Commission renes the Court’s caselaw on the requirement to state reasons for the Commission decisions adopted with respect to various measures which it regards as constituting State aid in application of Article 87 EC.
V sodbi IVG Immobilien proti UUNT (I) je Sodišče prve stopnje opomnilo na nezadostnost analize, na podlagi katere je UUNT zavrnil registracijo gurativnega znaka, katerega del je črka „i“, za več nančnih in nepremičninskih storitev.
In that judgment, the Court held that the fact that a Commission decision has carried out a global examination of the conditions for the application of Article 87 EC cannot be regarded as in itself contrary to the obligation to state reasons, particularly when the measures concerned formed part of the same action plan.
Sodišče prve stopnje je presodilo zlasti, da bi si moral UUNT, namesto da se je oprl na vsakdanjost zadevnega znaka, zastaviti vprašanje, ali je lahko ta znak v konkretnem primeru omogočal naslovljeni javnosti, da razlikuje med storitvami prijavitelja znamke in storitvami njegovih konkurentov.
In Département du Loiret v Commission (61) the Court found, on the other hand, that the statement of reasons for a Commission decision declaring incompatible with the common market State aid unlawfully paid to an undertaking in the form of the conveyance of developed land at a preferential price was insucient. The Court observed that that decision did not contain the necessary information on the method used to calculate the aid to be recovered, in particular as regards the application of a rate of compound interest intended to arrive at the present-day value of initial subsidy.
V sodbi Bang & Olufsen proti UUNT (Oblika zvočnika) je Sodišče prve stopnje ugotovilo, da je lahko oblika zvočnika glede na posebno visoko stopnjo pozornosti potrošnika pri nakupu trajnega in tehničnega proizvoda, tudi ob upoštevanju estetskega videza celote, registrirana kot tridimenzionalna znamka. Poleg tega je pojasnilo, da čeprav posebne ali izvirne značilnosti ne pomenijo pogoja sine qua non za registracijo, ostaja dejstvo, da lahko po drugi strani dajo znamki zahtevani razlikovalni učinek, ki ga drugače ne bi imela. Nasprotno pa je Sodišče prve stopnje v sodbi Neumann proti UUNT (Oblika glave mikrofona)72 potrdilo zavrnitev registracije oblike glave mikrofona kot znamke Skupnosti
Under the caselaw brought together and enshrined in Article 13(1) of Regulation No 659/1999, the Commission is authorised to adopt a decision on the basis of the information available to it when dealing with a Member State which fails to comply with its duty of cooperation and fails to provide it with the information which it has requested for the purpose of examining the compatibility of aid with the common market.
Čeprav je povprečen potrošnik zadevnih proizvodov verjetno pozoren na različne tehnične ali estetske podrobnosti, to avtomatično ne vključuje, da bo to zaznal kot funkcijo znamke.
In MTU Friedrichshafen v Commission (62) the Court held that, while Article 13(1) of Regulation No 659/1999 allows the Commission, after it has observed the procedural requirements laid down therein, to take a decision finding that the aid is incompatible on the basis of the information available and, if appropriate, order the Member State to recover the aid from the beneciary, it does not allow the Commission to impose on a particular undertaking an obligation to repay, even jointly and severally, a xed part of the amount
Poleg tega noben razlikovalni učinek ne more izhajati iz dejstva, da so bila konkurenčna podjetja prisiljena prenehati proizvajati ali komercializirati proizvode, ki imajo primerljivo obliko.
Council Regulation (EC) No 659/1999 of 22 March 1999 laying down detailed rules for the application of Article [88 CE] (OJ 1999 L 83, p. 1).
V sodbi El Corte Inglés proti UUNT – Bolaños Sabri (PiraÑAM diseño original Juan Bolaños)73je Sodišče prve stopnje razveljavilo odločbo UUNT, s katero je bilo ugotovljeno, da ni bilo podobnosti med oblačili, obutvijo in pokrivali ter proizvodi iz usnja, kot so na primer
Judgment of 29 March 2007 in Case T-369/00 (on appeal, Case C-295/07 P).
Sodba Sodišča prve stopnje z dne 12. septembra 2007 v zadevi Neumann proti UUNT (Oblika glave mikrofona) (T-358/04).
Judgment of 12 September 2007 in Case T-196/02 (on appeal, Case C-520/07 P).
Sodba Sodišča prve stopnje z dne 11. julija 2007 (T-443/05).
Court of First Instance of the aid declared to be incompatible and paid unlawfully where the transfer of State resources from which that undertaking is alleged to have beneted is hypothetical.
Zaznavo povezav, ki združujejo zadevne proizvode, je torej treba presojati glede na morebitno potrebo po medsebojni usklajenosti različnih sestavin zunanje podobe pri ustvarjanju ali nakupu teh proizvodov.
The Court recalled in Scott v Commission (63) that the objective of recovery of unlawful aid is not to impose a penalty not provided for by Community law but to ensure that its recipient forfeits the advantage which it had enjoyed over its competitors on the market and to restore the situation existing prior to the payment of the aid. The Commission cannot therefore either, out of sympathy with the beneciary, order recovery of an amount which is less than the value of the aid received or, in order to mark its disapproval of the serious character of the illegality, order recovery of an amount in excess of that value.
Glede enakega problema je bilo v dveh drugih sodbah ugotovljeno, da stopnja dopolnilnosti med kozarci za vino, karafami in dekanterji po eni strani ter vinom po drugi ni zadostna za priznanje obstoja podobnosti zadevnih proizvodov in da očitna različnost med parfumerijskimi izdelki in izdelki iz usnja ne more biti postavljena pod vprašaj zaradi pomislekov v zvezi z njihovo morebitno estetsko dopolnilnostjo74.
Temporal application of the legal framework
Ugovori, utemeljeni z znaki, ki niso prejšnje znamke
In Freistaat Sachsen v Commission (64) the Court heard an action for annulment of a Commission decision on an aid scheme established by the authorities of the Land of Saxony for small and medium-sized undertakings.
V sporu med češko družbo Budějovický Budvar in ameriško družbo Anheuser-Busch glede znamk Skupnosti BUDWEISER in BUD je Sodišče prve stopnje pojasnilo obseg pravic, ki so dodeljene z navedeno določbo75.
The Court accepted the applicant’s argument that the Commission should have examined the aid scheme concerned on the basis of the provisions in force at the time of notication and not on the basis of those which entered into force after that time.The Court also observed that the initial notication of the aid, made before the entry into force of the later rules, was complete and emphasised that the application of a new rule on the compatibility of the State aid to aid notied before its entry into force is permissible only if it clearly follows from the terms, objectives or general scheme of the new rules that they are intended to apply retroactively and, if necessary, if the legitimate expectations of those concerned are duly respected.
Ugotovljeno je bilo, da se družba Budějovický Budvar, ki je predhodno v Franciji na podlagi Lizbonskega aranžmaja o zaščiti označb porekla registrirala označbe porekla za pivo, ne more sklicevati na to, da bi ugovarjala prijavam družbe Anheuser-Busch v zvezi z enakimi ali podobnimi proizvodi. Čeprav francosko pravo razširja varstvo, določeno z Lizbonskim aranžmajem, na primere, v katerih proizvodi niso podobni, pa vseeno zahteva, da lahko uporaba spornih znakov s strani tretje osebe povzroči zlorabo ali zmanjšanje prepoznavnosti zadevnih označb porekla v Franciji, kar pa družba Budĕjovický Budvar ni dokazala.
In Scott v Commission the Court stated that, although the procedure for review of State aid governed by Article 88 EC accords no special role to the recipient of the aid and the latter does not have the status of a party to that procedure, the Commission may, under its obligation to conduct a diligent and impartial examination of the case, be required, in certain circumstances, to take into account the observations submitted by the recipient of aid after the expiry of the time granted to the interested parties by the decision to initiate the formal examination procedure.
V skladu s členom 8(5) Uredbe št. 40/94 je imetnik prejšnje znamke, ki ima ugled, upravičen, da poda ugovor zoper prijavo podobne ali enake znamke, tudi če ta zadeva le proizvode ali storitve, ki so različni od tistih, ki jih zajema prejšnja znamka.