natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Professions with high noise levels in the workplace typically Use a wide range of processes and machin­ery.
V poklicih, kjer so prisotne visoke ravni hrupa na delovnem mestu, se običajno uporablja široka paleta strojne opreme in postopkov.
This report presents some exposure profiles for noisy sec­tors, such as agriculture, construction and the food and drinks industry.
V tem poročilu so predstavljeni nekateri profili poklicev v hrupnih dejavnostih, kot so kmetijstvo, gradbeništvo in prehrambena industrija.
Where concentration is needed, noise levels need to be kept low.
V poklicih, ki zahtevajo zbranost, je treba ravni hrupa čim bolj zmanjšati.
Considerable reductions could be achieved by acoustic meas­ures.
To lahko dosežemo z akustičnimi ukrepi.
The complexities of work and administrative tasks have increased in professions such as healthcare and teaching, but also in industrial production.
Zapletenost dela in administrativnih nalog se je povečala v poklicih, kot so zdravstvo in šolstvo, pa tudi v proizvodni industriji.
Some recommendations for noise levels in offices, schools and healthcare are therefore included in this report.
V to poročilo so zato vključena nekatera priporočila za ravni hrupa v pisarnah, šolah in zdravstvu.
Noise does notjust harm a worker's hearing: it can also be a cause of accidents because it interferes with communication.
Hrup ne škoduje samo sluhu delavca, lahko je tudi vzrok nezgod, saj vpliva na komunikacijo.
Work­ers wearing hearing protection may not be able to hear verbal instructions and acoustic warnings.
Delavci, ki nosijo opremo za varovanje sluha, ne morejo slišati ustnih navodil in zvočnih opozoril.
Several projects have set out to develop a method of predicting speech intelligibility and the perception of acoustic signals while wearing hearing protectors.
Namen številnih projektov je razviti metodo predvidevanja razumljivosti govora in zaznavanja zvočnih signalov med uporabo opreme za varovanje sluha.
Additional accident risks for workers with hearing impairment have also been identified in this report.
V tem poročilu so opredeljena dodatna tveganja za nezgode delavcev, ki imajo okvaro sluha.
Research needs
Potrebe po raziskavah
Targeted investigations in selected occupations (healthcare, hotels and restaurants, transport, call centres) would help identify issues to be addressed by prevention.
V številnih državah članicah poročajo o hrupu kot o težavi pedagoških delavcev, okvare glasu pa pomembnost vplivajo na stopnjo odsotnosti učiteljev z dela.
■ the exposure to medium­level noise;
Prav tako so potrebni nadaljnji podatki, da se oceni:
WHO guidelines recommend a noise level of 35 dB(A) for school classrooms.
Smernice Svetovne zdravstvene organizacije priporočajo, da naj raven hrupa v razredih znaša 35 dB(A).
Actually, noise levels in schools can reach as much as 60­80 dB(A) in normal classes and can even go beyond limit values for workplaces in school workshops and sports areas.
Dejansko pa lahko ravni hrupa v šolah v običajnih razredih dosežejo kar 60–80 dB(A), na delovnih mestih v šolskih delavnicah in telovadnicah pa lahko presežejo celo mejno vrednost.
■ combined effects of noise and vibration, noise and chemicals;
Pri meritvah v razredih je bilo ugotovljeno, da je zaradi akustičnih razmer razumevanje govora manjše od polovice.
■ the effect of noise on pregnant workers.
izpostavljenost srednjim ravnem hrupa,kombinirane učinke hrupa in vibracij, hrupa in kemikalij,vpliv hrupa na noseče delavke.
Research should also support prevention efforts regarding hearing­impaired workers and the interference with warn­ings and signals.
Raziskave bi morale podpirati tudi prizadevanja za preprečevanje težav delavcev z okvaro sluha v povezavi z zaznavanjem zvočnih opozoril.
The importance of the voice as an occupational tool is also growing with the development of voice­activated technol­ogy and the increase in the number of call centres, where vocal demands are high.
Pomembnost glasu kot poklicnega orodja, narašča z razvojem tehnologije, ki se aktivira z glasom in povečevanjem števila klicnih centrov, kjer je intenzivnost govora velika.
Complete results from the risk observatory are available at: http://riskobservatory.osha.europa.eu Data on noise exposure and hearing loss, including national data, are available at http://riskobservatory.osha.europa.eu/ noiseexposure/ and http://riskobservatory.osha.europa.eu/ hearingloss/
Podatki o izpostavljenosti hrupu in okvari sluha, vključno z nacionalnimi podatki, so na voljo na: http://riskobservatory.osha.europa.eu/noiseexposure/ in http://riskobservatory.osha.europa.eu/hearingloss/
0 European Agency for Safety and Health at Work.
© Evropska agencija za varnost in zdravje pri delu.
Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Printed in Belgium, 2006 http://osha.europa.eu
Razmnoževanje je dovoljeno z navedbo vira. Printed in Belgium, 2006 http://osha.europa.eu
Protection for young people in the workplace
Varstvo mladih na delovnem mestu
ISSN 1 recruitment agencies, work experience and placement organisers, vocational training organisers etc.;
ISSN 1 za mlade delavce ali novince, pri čemer je treba sodelovati tudi z agencijami za zaposlovanje, ustanovami, ki organizirajo delovno prakso in poklicno usposabljanje itd.;
> providing the necessary organisation including specified supervision arrangements, and having supervisors with the competence and time to carry out their role; > identifying any special measures required for vulnerable individuals - including young workers and new recruits, and prohibitions on young workers, for example on using dangerous equipment, should be clearly specified; > providing information on possible risks in their jobs and prevention measures adopted; Young people can be at particular risk because they lack experience, training and awareness.
> ustrezno organiziranost, vključno z natančno določenim sistemom nadzora, pri čemer morajo imeti nadzorniki za uresničevanje svojih nalog na voljo potrebna pooblastila in dovolj časa; > določitev posebnih ukrepov, namenjenih ranljivim posameznikom – tudi mladim delavcem in novincem; prepovedi za mlade delavce morajo biti jasno opredeljene, na primer prepoved uporabe nevarne delovne opreme; Mladi delavci so še posebej ogroženi zaradi pomanjkanja izkušenj, usposobljenosti in ozaveščenosti.
They need good advice, information and supervision as well as suitable, safe and healthy jobs.
Potrebujejo koristne nasvete, informacije in nadzor ter primerna, varna in zdravju neškodljiva delovna mesta.
For under-18 year-olds, including those on vocational training and work experience placements and those doing casual work while still at school or college, more specific regulations apply covering restrictions regarding their exposure to hazards and working hours.
Za mlajše od 18 let, vključno s tistimi, ki so na poklicnem usposabljanju in delovni praksi, ter tistimi, ki med šolanjem ali študijem opravljajo priložnostna dela, veljajo posebni predpisi, ki se nanašajo na omejitve njihove izpostavljenosti nevarnostim in delovni čas.
This factsheet provides a summary of the requirements to ensure health and safety at work, generally and specific to young people.
Ta informativni bilten ponuja povzetek splošnih zahtev v zvezi z zagotavljanjem varnosti in zdravja pri delu, pri čemer namenja posebno pozornost mladim delavcem.
Other factsheets provide more advice for employers, supervisors, young people and parents.
Drugi informativni bilteni ponujajo več nasvetov za delodajalce, nadzornike, mlade in starše.
Legislation – protection for all providing adequate training, instruction and information on recruitment, and following change of job or changes in the workplace;
> zagotavljanje informacij o možnih tveganjih na delovnih mestih ter sprejetih ukrepih za njihovo preprečevanje; Zakonodaja – varstvo za vse
> protecting particularly sensitive risks groups from the dangers that affect them including the special needs of young workers; >
> zagotavljanje ustreznega usposabljanja in dajanje navodil ter informacij za varno opravljanje dela v primeru novih zaposlitev ali premestitev na novo delovno mesto; >
Every workplace should have a good health and safety management system which protects everyone.
Vsako delovno mesto mora imeti dober sistem zagotavljanja varnosti in zdravja pri delu, ki varuje vsakega posameznika.
Within that system particular attention should be paid to the vulnerability of young workers and new starters.
Znotraj tega sistema moramo posebno pozornost nameniti ranljivosti mladih delavcev in začetnikov.
Employers’ duties to their workers, regardless of age, include: consulting with workers and their representatives and allowing them to participate in health and safety questions, including young workers themselves and consulting worker representatives over arrangements for young workers.
zaščita posebno ogroženih skupin pred nevarnostmi, ki so jim izpostavljene, vključno s posebnimi potrebami mladih delavcev;
1 identifying hazards and carrying out a risk assessment (
1 opredelitev nevarnosti in izdelavo ocene tveganja(
Legislation – special protection for under-18s (2) including not only youngsters working full-time but also any casual young labour, for example hired to help at week-ends or school holidays and those on vocational training or work experience placements;
> posvetovanje z delavci in njihovimi predstavniki o vprašanjih zagotavljanja varnosti in zdravja pri delu, vključno z vprašanji varovanja mladih delavcev, pri čemer morajo sodelovati tudi slednji. Zakonodaja – posebno varstvo mlajših od 18 let(2) vključuje samo mladih delavcev, ki delajo polni delovni čas, temveč tudi tiste, ki delajo občasno, kot na primer ob vikendih ali med šolskimi počitnicami, ter tiste, ki so na poklicnem usposabljanju ali delovni praksi;
> putting in place arrangements for ensuring safety and health, based on the risk assessment, including any special arrangements: for young workers or new recruits; with A risk assessment must be carried out before young people start work, covering: the workplace; physical, biological and chemical agents; work equipment and its use; work processes, operations and work organisation; and training and instruction.
> vzpostavitev sistemov za zagotavljanje varnosti in zdravja, ki temeljijo na oceni tveganja in ki vsebujejo posebne ureditve Mladi ljudje lahko začnejo delati, ko je izdelana ocena tveganja, ki zajema: opis delevnega mesta, fizikalne, biološke in kemične
(1) A hazard is anything that could cause illness or injury.
(1) Nevarnost pomeni vse, kar bi lahko povzročilo bolezen ali poškodbo.
The risk is the likelihood of it happening.(2) The information given is based on the minimum requirements of Council Directive 94/33/EC on the protection of young people at work. The law in your Member
Tveganje je verjetnost, da se to zgodi.(2) Dana informacija temelji na minimalnih zahtevah Direktive Sveta 94/33/ES o varstvu mladih ljudi pri delu.
State may be stricter, for example, regarding the minimum ages that children may work, hours and prohibited tasks.
Zakonodaja v vaši državi članici je lahko strožja, na primer glede minimalne starosti, pri kateri lahko otroci delajo, delovnega časa in prepovedanih delovnih nalog.
All workers, including young people have the right: exceeds their physical or mental capacities;
Vsi delavci, vključno z mladimi, imajo pravico:
> e an A g exposes them to substances which are toxic or cause cancer; to know what hazards are present in their workplace, what they must do to keep themselves safe, and what action to take if there is an accident or emergency; >
> g e n pri katerem so izpostavljene strupenim ali rakotvornim snovem; c pri katerem so izpostavljene škodljivemu sevanju; i > do informacij, navodil in usposabljanja glede vprašanj, ki se tičejo varnosti; slednja morajo biti prilagojena njihovemu delovnemu mestu ter morajo biti brezplačna; j a z > do brezplačne varovalne opreme; > pri katerem so izpostavljene izjemnemu mrazu ali izjemni vročini, hrupu ali vibracijam; a v >
> exposes them to radiation; involves extreme heat, noise or vibration; en > to receive information, instruction and training on these matters, which should be specific to the job and free of charge; > c y f > to be provided with the necessary protective equipment, free of charge; involves risks that they are unlikely to recognise or avoid because of their lack of experience or training or their insufficient attention to safety. or S
> a do postavljanja vprašanj, prijave morebitnih nevarnih razmer ali ravnanj ter do sodelovanja pri posvetovanju z delodajalcem o zadevah, povezanih z varnostjo pri delu. r ki vključuje tveganja, ki jih verjetno ne bodo prepoznale ali se jim izognile zaradi pomanjkanja izkušenj ali usposabljanja oziroma zaradi svoje nezadostne pozornosti do varnosti.
> a Those under 18 but over the minimum school leaving age can do the above work under very special circumstances, where: to participate, by asking questions, reporting any unsafe practices or conditions, and be consulted by their employer on safety matters.
Mlajši od 18 let, vendar starejši od minimalne starosti, pri kateri lahko že zaključijo obvezno redno šolanje, lahko opravljajo zgoraj našteto delo v posebnih okoliščinah, kadar: n z
> t y > a the work is performed under the supervision of a competent person; n d H risks are reduced to the lowest level possible. > e If a young worker has any doubts about the safety of any aspects of their job and what they are asked to do, they have the right and the responsibility to bring their concerns to their supervisor’s attention.
> d je opravljanje takega dela nujno za njihovo poklicno usposabljanje; r Če mladi delavec dvomi o kateremkoli vidiku varnosti, ki je povezan z njegovim delovnim mestom in delovnimi nalogami, ima pravico in odgovornost, da o svojih pomislekih obvesti nadzornika.
Ultimately they have the right to refuse to do unsafe work.
Delavec ima vso pravico, da zavrne opravljanje nevarnega dela.
A young person is not obliged to do something dangerous just because a manager or co-worker does it.
Mladi osebi ni treba opravljati nevarnega dela samo zato, ker ga opravlja njegov nadrejeni ali njegov sodelavec.
Young workers should not be allowed to do work where a significant risk remains, despite all efforts having been taken to control it.
> v se tako delo izvaja pod nadzorom pristojne osebe; so tveganja zmanjšana na najnižjo možno raven. j
Worker responsibilities a t W
> e p Odgovornostidelavca delavca
There are restrictions on the working hours of young workers. They are also allowed more generous rest periods than other workers and they are not typically allowed to work nights.
Kadar kljub vsem potrebnim ukrepom in prizadevanjem obstaja veliko tveganje, mladim delavcem dela ne smemo dovoliti.
Safety is a cooperative process meaning that although the main responsibilities to identify hazards and put in place preventive measures lie with the employer, workers have responsibilities too.
Čeprav nosi delodajalec največjo odgovornost za ugotavljanje nevarnosti in uvajanje preventivnih ukrepov, pa v procesu zagotavljanja varnosti pri delu sodelujejo vsi, tudi delavci.
By law all workers, including young people must take care of themselves and others, and cooperate with their employer on health and safety.
Zakonodaja določa, da morajo vsi delavci, tudi mladi, skrbeti zase in za druge ter sodelovati z delodajalcem pri zagotavljanju varnosti in zdravja pri delu.
For example, they must:
Med drugim morajo:
> follow all the safety rules, instructions and training including for using equipment and machinery, safety devices or personal protective equipment such as gloves or masks; and School children over 13: in those Member States that allow some children under the national minimum school leaving age to work, there are strict limitations on working hours, night work and categories of work and required rest periods according to age, and they may only carry out ‘light’ work even when they are over the national minimum age for working.
> upoštevati varnostne predpise in navodila ter se usposabljati za varno uporabo delovne opreme in strojev, varnostnih naprav ali osebne varovalne opreme, kot so rokavice ali maske; in > obvestiti svojega nadzornika o nevarnostih, ki ogrožajo varnost in zdravje. Šolajoči se otroci, starejši od 13 let, so deležni posebne zaščite.
The parents or legal guardians of school-age children must be informed of the outcome of the risk assessment and the control measures adopted concerning their children’s safety, before work starts.
V državah članicah, v katerih je dovoljeno delati otrokom, ki so mlajši od starostne meje, pri kateri lahko zaključijo obvezno redno šolanje, obstajajo stroge omejitve glede vrste dela, delovnega časa, nočnega dela, odmorov in počitkov.
report any health and safety hazards to their supervisor.
Otroci smejo opravljati samo „lažje” delo, tudi v primeru, da presegajo minimalno starost, ki je potrebna za sklenitev pogodbe o zaposlitvi v skladu z nacionalno zakonodajo.
Check your national legislation, so that you know the precise requirements on safety, and the prohibitions on types of work, ages that children may work, working hours limitations and authorization requirements.
Seznanite se z nacionalno zakonodajo, v kateri je natančno določena starost, pri kateri otroci lahko začnejo delati, kot tudi vrste del, ki jih ne smejo opravljati, omejitve delovnega časa ter drugi pogoji.
Further information on young worker safety, including additional factsheets, is available from the Agency website at http://ew2006.osha.eu.int/ Prevention advice and links to good practice for specific risks and workplaces are available at: http://osha.eu.int/ Sources of advice include national authorities, trade unions and trade associations.
Dodatne informacije o varnosti mladih delavcev, vključno z drugimi informativnimi bilteni, so na voljo na spletni strani Agencije (http://ew2006.osha.eu.int/).
A link to the full text of Council Directive 94/33/EC on the protection of young people at work is available at: http://osha.eu.int/data/legislation/18
Tu boste našli tudi nasvete o preventivi in povezave do primerov dobrih praks pri posebnih tveganjih in delovnih mestih (http://osha.eu.int/).
The directive sets minimum standards, so it is important to check the full requirements of your national legislation and guidance:
Informacije so na voljo tudi pri organu, pristojnem za varnost in zdravje pri delu, sindikatih in poklicnih združenjih v vaši državi.
More information on guidance for Great Britain available from http://www.hse.gov.uk More information on legislation for Ireland is available at: http://www.hsa.ie More information on legislation for Malta is available at: http://mt.osha.eu.int/legislation
Informacije o slovenski zakonodaji s področja varnosti in zdravja pri delu so objavljene na spletni strani Ministrstva za delo, družino in socialne zadeve (http://www.gov.si/mddsz/?CID=198 & L=sl & T=Y).
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work Gran Vía, 33, E-48009 Bilbao Tel.
Evropska agencija za varnost in zdravje pri delu Gran Via 33, E-48009 Bilbao Tel. (34) 944 79 43 60, faks (34) 944 79 43 83E-pošta: information@osha.eu.int
Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Printed in Belgium, 2006 http://osha.eu.int fs64ew06_en 2
Razmnoževanje je dovoljeno z navedbo vira. Printed in Belgium, 2006 http://osha.eu.int fs64ew06_sl 2
ISSN 1 take particular care over young people and new starters because of their lack of training, experience and awareness.
Delodajalci morajo biti še posebej pozorni na mlade delavce in začetnike, saj so ti najmanj usposobljeni, najmanj izkušeni in najmanj pazljivi.
Under-18s are covered by additional requirements because they lack experience and may lack physical and mental maturity.
Za mlajše od 18 let so predvidene še dodatne zahteve, saj jim najbolj primanjkuje izkušenj, dostikrat pa tudi zadostna telesna
Safety of young people under 18 - what must employers do?
Varnost oseb, ki še niso dopolnile 18 let – kaj morajo storiti delodajalci?
There are national regulations in place, arising out of European regulations, on the protection of young people at work (2
V veljavi so nacionalni predpisi, ki povzemajo določbe evropskih predpisov o varstvu mladih ljudi pri delu(2
They take account of the particular risk to young people because of their lack of experience, awareness and maturity.
Ti upoštevajo še zlasti posebna tveganja, ki so jim izpostavljene mlade osebe zaradi pomanjkanja izkušenj, ozaveščenosti in zrelosti.
These Regulations require employers to:
Ti predpisi od delodajalcev zahtevajo:
> take account of young people’s lack of experience, awareness about occupational risks to their health and safety, physical and mental immaturity etc. when they assess risks to their health and safety; > make the risk assessment BEFORE the young person begins work; >
> da pri oceni tveganja za varnost in zdravje pri delu mladih oseb upoštevajo njihove pomanjkljive izkušnje, pomanjkljivo zavest o poklicnih tveganjih za svojo varnost in zdravje, telesne in umske sposobnosti itd.; > da naredijo oceno tveganja, PREDEN mlada oseba začne z delom; >
Are your children safe at work?
So vaši otroci varni pri delu?
Are you sure that someone is looking out for them?
Ste prepričani, da kdo skrbi zanje?
This factsheet will help you understand what health and safety arrangements employers should provide for young people at work and help you talk to your children about preventing workplace injuries.
Ta informativni bilten vam bo pomagal razumeti, katere varnostne in zdravstvene ukrepe mora delodajalec zagotoviti za mlade delavce na njihovem delovnem mestu, in vam bo v pomoč pri pogovoru z vašimi otroki glede preprečevanja poškodb na delovnem mestu.
take account of the risk assessment when determining whether or not the young person is prohibited from doing certain work;
da upoštevajo oceno tveganja pri odločanju, ali sme mlada oseba opravljati določeno delo ali ne;
> inform parents or legal guardians of school-age children of the outcome of the risk assessment and the control measures introduced to reduce those risks. As a general rule under 18s must NOT be allowed to do work which:
> da starše ali zakonite skrbnike mladostnikov obvestijo o rezultatih ocene tveganja in kontrolnih ukrepih, uvedenih za zmanjšanje teh tveganj. Splošno pravilo je, da mlajši od 18 let NE smejo opravljati dela: > ki presega njihove telesne ali umske sposobnosti; >
Every year, millions of school and college students work in parttime or summer jobs to earn some spending money.
Vsako leto milijoni osnovnošolcev in srednješolcev opravljajo honorarna ali sezonska dela, da zaslužijo nekaj dodatnega denarja.
Many will take part in organised work experience training. Others start fulltime work for the first time.
Številni se udeležujejo tudi organiziranih usposabljanj za pridobivanje delovnih izkušenj.Drugi začenjajo svojo prvo redno zaposlitev.
Early work experiences can be rewarding for young people - providing great opportunities to learn important job skills.
Za mlade osebe so lahko zgodnje delovne izkušnje velika prednost, saj jim pomagajo razviti delovne navade in spretnosti.
The experience should be a safe and healthy one as well.
Vsaka izkušnja pa mora biti hkrati tudi varna in zdravju neškodljiva.
exceeds their physical or mental capacities;
pri katerem so izpostavljeni strupenim ali rakotvornim snovem; pri katerem so izpostavljeni škodljivemu sevanju;
> exposes them to substances which are toxic or cause cancer; When young people enter full time work for the first time, this should also be a safe and productive start, so they work to live.
Ko mladi začnejo svojo prvo redno zaposlitev s polnim delovnim časom, mora tudi ta začetek biti varen in učinkovit, saj delajo za svoje potrebe in preživetje.
Unfortunately this is not always the case.
Vendar pa temu, žal, ni vedno tako.
According to European statistics, the work injury rate for young people aged 18-24 years
Po evropskih statističnih podatkih, je pogostost poškodb pri delu med delavci, ki so stari med 18 in 24 let, za 50% višja kot pri drugih starostnih skupinah delavcev(1).