natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
appreciated:”the opportunity to come together and share experiences with other young scientists, from both hardandsoftdisciplines, from the postcommunist countries, asin most cases they recognise themselves as being moreoriented toward the West;”the opportunity to talk openly, or for the first time,about gender issues and gender discrimination in science.
Omenili pa so še pomanjkanje ukrepov,ki bi podprli delo mladih v znanosti. Udeleženci so poudarili,da je potrebno zagotoviti:več možnosti,več študijskih izmenjav, mednarodno sodelovanje,dostop do štipendij za mlade znanstvenike (sprostitiomejitve za podiplomske in postdoktorske štipendije),boljše in strokovnejše mentorstvo ter večjo motiviranostpri visokorazrednih znanstvenikih.
Young women in particular appreciated the factthat they were able to talk openly with the young menabout perceived discrimination in science or genderdifferences, and at a level where they felt they could beheard.
Mlajšeženske so še posebej cenile, da so lahko z mlajšimi moškimiodprto spregovorile o diskriminaciji v znanosti terorazlikovanju med spoloma, in sicer na takšni ravni, da sejim je lahko prisluhnilo.
Young men stressed that they were confrontedby new issues and questions because, as some of themadmitted, they had never thought about gender issuesand gender discrimination in science and they had never thought that this could be any different for women.
Mlajši moški so poudarili, da sose soočili z novimi tematikami in vprašanji, saj doslejorazlični obravnavi spolov in spolni diskriminaciji, kotso nekateri priznali, niso razmišljali, pa tudi nikoli nisopomislili, da bi za ženske veljala drugačna pravila.
pi Personally, it was interesting tomeet people from the Easternblock and to get to know theirexperience.
"Zame je bilo zanimivo srečatiljudi z vzhodnega bloka inslišati, kakšne so njihoveizkušnje.
All my life I havebeen rather oriented toward the Western world.
Vse življenje sem bilausmerjena proti Zahodu.
Female, age: 26, social sciences,Germany (new Eastern Länder).
Mojizahodni standardi in zahodnevrednote so tako dobile novokvir, spomnila sem se, od kodprihajam. " znanstvenica, starost: 26, družbene vede,Nemčija (nove vzhodne dežele)
At this meeting wehad the chance to be heard,to unify ourselves in a way, to beable to try to influence the policyof our governments, which in nocase are very friendly towards theyoung and educated people inour countries.” pi“I rate this meeting as veryuseful for myself.
V zadnjem letusem se počutila precejnemočno in osamljeno.Natemsrečanju pa sem dobilaobčutek, da nisem sama.Nisem edina, ki je izkusila vsete težave.
After suchmeetings, it is easier to see theglobal aspects of the problem,in this case related to theproblems facing women inscience.”
V razpravi semugotovila, da moja zgodba ninobena izjema in da nisemedina, ki ima težave pri ponovnivključitvi v rodni državi ...Nasrečanju nam je bila danamožnost, da nas sliši nekdo,kiima moč, da spremeni stvariin da nekatere stvari celo narediza resnične.
Female, age: 31, natural sciences,Bulgaria.
Na srečanju smoimeli možnost, da nas slišijo,dase povežemo, da poskusimovplivati na politiko naših vlad,kinikakor niso naklonjenemladim izobraženim ljudem." znanstvenica, starost: 31, naravoslovneznanosti, Bolgarija
Male, age: 30, natural sciences, Bulgaria.
"Srečanje ocenjujem kotnadvse koristno.
Debating bioethical issues with women scientistsfrom the Enwise countries
Razprava o bioetičnih vprašanjih z znanstvenicami iz držav Enwise
The workshop’s objective was to assess the level of awareness on (bio)ethical issues among the female1scientific communities in the Enwise countries and to determinewhether specific action needed to be taken in this field, in particular within the scope of FP6, which has a proactive approach to ethics, as regards preparing and submitting FP6research proposals.
Namen delavnice je bil oceniti stopnjo ozaveščenosti o (bio)etičnih vprašanjih med znanstvenicami1iz držav Enwise in določiti, ali so potrebne posebne akcije – v smislu pripravein predložitve predlogov raziskovalnih projektov – na tem področju, še posebej znotraj6.okvirnega programa s proaktivnim pristopom k etiki.
It also aimed to evaluate the extent to which the gender dimensionof (bio)ethical issues was considered in the Enwise countries and whether specific support was needed in this respect too.To this end, the workshop brought together female hard and social scientists, femalephilosophers and lawyers, NGOs’ representatives, journalists, members of ministerialdepartment for gender mainstreaming, representatives of medical research councils and
V sklopu delavnice smo tudi želeliovrednotiti, do kakšne mere je v državah Enwise pri obravnavi (bio)etičnih vprašanj upoštevanarazsežnost, vezana na obravnavo spolov, in ali je tudi na tem področju potrebna posebnaoblika podpore.
The decision was made to convene amainly female audience, since previousworkshops, seminars or conferences onethics related issues organised by the Ethics and Science Unit in 2002/2003were attended, for the Enwise countries,mostly by male experts and speakers:this Budapest event was a firstopportunity to hear from women.2.
Odločile smo se, da povabimo pretežnožensko publiko, saj so bile na prejšnjihdelavnicah, seminarjih ali konferencahobioetičnih vprašanjih, ki jih je organiziralOddelek za etiko in znanost v letu2002/2003, države Enwise zastopanevečinoma z moškimi predstavniki ingovorniki. V Budimpešti se je ženskamprvič ponudila priložnost, da se sliši tudinjihovo mnenje. 2.
Women scientists in the Enwisecountries have strong and often controversial opinions regarding the recent developmentof biotechnologies, the deontological role of the scientist and the meaning of human life.However, broader public debate is still lacking and awareness campaigns about thesecrucial issues have as yet not really started in any of the Enwise countries.
Med 62 udeleženci iz 10 držav Enwise,Hrvaške, Srbije in 4 držav članic, Avstrije,Nemčije, Italije in Združenega kraljestva,je bilo 9 moških.
Concluding remarks∏During the workshop, participants stressed that science is developing at a much fasterrate than domestic legislation and regulations can keep up with, especially in the Enwisecountries, where the transitional shift from communist regimes to market economiesresulted in a radical transformation of previous political, cultural, socio-economic andlegal environments.
Sklepna opažanja▫Udeleženci so med delavnico poudarili, da se znanost razvija neprimerno hitreje, kot ji lahkosledita zakonodaja in predpisi, še posebej v državah Enwise, v katerih je preskok izkomunističnega režima v tržno gospodarstvo korenito posegel v politično, kulturno,družbeno, gospodarsko in pravno okolje.
Therefore, a stronger process of democratisation is required, in particular in the bioethical field, where civil society, science and politics are interconnected,
Zato je potreben odločnejši procesdemokratizacije,še posebej na področju bioetike, kjer se srečajo civilna družba, znanost in politika in kjerbi lahko ženske, še posebej pa znanstvenice, odigrale pomembno vlogo.
Human Rights and Biomedicinesigned in Oviedoon 4 April 1997, and the Additional Protocol on the Prohibition of Cloning Human Beingssigned in Paris on 12 January 1998, UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rightsadopted by UNESCO and should take into account to theopinions of the European Group of Advisers on the Ethical Implications of Biotechnology (1991 -1997)and the opinions of the European Group on Ethicsin Science and New Technologies (as from 1998).
6. okvirnem programu deklaracije, Konvencijo Sveta Evropeočlovekovih pravicah in biomedicini, podpisano4.aprila 1997 v Oviedu, dodatni protokol o Prepovedi kloniranja človeka, podpisan12.januarja 1998 v Parizu, Konvencijo Združenihnarodov o otrokovih pravicah, Univerzalnodeklaracijo o človeškem genomu in človekovihpravicah, ki jo je sprejel UNESCO, upoštevati pabi morali tudi mnenja Evropske svetovalneskupine o etičnih implikacijah biotehnologije(1991 -1997) ter mnenja Evropske skupine zaetiko v znanosti in novih tehnologijah (od 1998).
Article 3 of FP6 states that: “All the researchactivities carried out under the Sixth Framework Programme must be carried out in compliance withfundamental ethical principles”.
3. člen 6. okvirnega programa se glasi: "Vseraziskovalne dejavnosti, ki potekajo v sklopu Šestega okvirnega programa, morajo potekativskladu s temeljnimi etičnimi načeli".
Therefore, allproposals for research submitted to the European Commission for funding must include a sectiondescribing the ethical issues raised by the projectregarding its methodology, the objectives and thepossible implications of the results and the way theywill be tackled.
Zato morajovsi raziskovalni predlogi, ki jih Evropska komisijaprejme v preučitev, vsebovati opis etičnihvprašanj, ki zadevajo projekt, kar zadevametodologijo projekta, cilje in morebitneimplikacije rezultatov ter način, na katerega bodomorebitne implikacije obravnavane.
Participants in FP6 projects shouldrespect the following international conventions anddeclarations: Helsinki Declarationin its latestversion, Convention of the Council of Europe on
Vsi, kisodelujejo v 6. okvirnem programu, bi moralispoštovati naslednje mednarodne konvencije indeklaracije: najnovejšo različico Helsinške vir: Cordis
Responsible state bodies (ministries, etc.) and/or public organisations should initiatepublic debates on (bio)ethical issues, with special emphasis on questions and topicsconcerning women.
Priporočila Na delavnici v Budimpešti so bila podana naslednja priporočila:Odgovorna državna telesa (ministrstva itn.) oziroma javne organizacije bi morale sprožitijavne razprave o (bio)etičnih vprašanjih, pri čemer bi morale še posebej poudariti vprašanjain vsebine, ki zadevajo ženske.
Awareness campaigns should also be launched.Ethics Committees should be made better known among the general public and theirdecisions should be moretransparent.When selecting the members of Ethics Committee, a gender balanced composition(i.e., at least 40% female members) and the representation of different viewpoints(social science, philosophy, etc.) should be looked for to ensure a greater diversity intheir composition.Womens’ scientific communities should initiate cooperation among colleagues fromdifferent disciplines and promote public initiatives about gender and ethical issues inscience.
Javne razprave bi morale spremljati osveščevalne akcije. Splošna javnost bi morala bolje spoznati etične odbore, katerih odločitve bi morale bitipreglednejše.Pri izbiri članov etičnih odborov bi morali zagotoviti uravnoteženo zastopanost spolov (zvsaj40-odstotno zastopanostjo žensk) ter zastopanost različnih pogledov (družbene vede,filozofija itn.), da bi bili etični odbori bolj raznovrstni v svoji sestavi.
These should in particular focus on informing women on gender aspects ofnew scientific developments.Scientists should play their role in disseminating information on new scientific developments to the general public and in explaining the possible gender aspects of those results,so that the purpose of research and the systems that regulate it can be better understood.Science journalists are urgently needed to participate in the dissemination of accurateinformation on medical and biotechnological developments and in the objectiveexpla-nation of possible risks.
Srenje znanstvenic bi morale začeti sodelovati s kolegi iz različnih disciplin in spodbujatijavne pobude o etičnih vprašanjih in vprašanjih politike do spolov v znanosti, pri čemerbi se morale še posebej osredotočiti na obveščanje žensk o vidikih novih napredkovvznanosti, relevantnih za politiko do spolov.
In this context, DG Research should strengthen its networkof science journalists and feed it with more information.The Budapest workshop was intended as a starting point in a series of open debatesrelated to science and society in different societal settings and countries.
Znanstveniki bi morali odigrati svojo vlogo pri širjenju informacij o novih napredkihvznanosti, osvetliti pa bi morali tudi morebitne vidike dosežkov, ki posegajo v politikodo spolov, tako da bi javnost laže razumela, kakšen je namen raziskav in kakšni so sistemi,ki jih urejajo.
Further initiatives and follow-up are thus necessary in order to increase public and scientificawareness on ethical/bioethical issues, and it is of course essential to include a genderperspective in all further debates.
Novinarji, ki pripravljajo prispevke o znanosti, morajo nujno sodelovati pri širjenjudoslednih informacij o napredkih v medicini in biotehnologiji ter pri objektivnem razlaganjumorebitnih tveganj.
Ethical Review in FP6 medicine, molecular biology and veterinary science.Each panel should ensure a parity of scientific andnon scientific members, as well as a gender andgeographical balance.
Potrebne so nadaljnje iniciative in srečanja, da bi dvigniliosveščenost javnosti in znanstvenikov o etičnih ter bioetičnih vprašanjih.
Civil society representativesmay be invited, for example, as representatives ofpatients’ organisations or animal welfareorganisations.
Seveda je bistveno,da v vse nadaljnje razprave vključimo tudi vprašanje enakosti spolov.
The European Commission will systematicallyimplement an ethical review for proposals dealingwith (bio)ethically sensitive issues, in particularproposals involving the use of human embryonicstem cells in culture.
Preverjanje etičnih vidikov znotraj 6. okvirnega programa medicina, molekularna biologija in veterina.Vvsakem odboru morajo biti enako zastopaniznanstveni in neznanstveni člani, zagotovljena pamora biti uravnotežena zastopanost obeh spolovin zemljepisna zastopanost.
Each proposal will beevaluated by an ethical review panel, composed byindependent experts of different disciplines such aslaw, sociology, psychology, philosophy and ethics,
K sodelovanju solahko vabljeni tudi predstavniki civilne družbe kot,na primer, predstavniki združenj bolnikov aliorganizacij, ki skrbijo za dobro počutje živali.
Starting a debate with women scientists from the Balkan region
Začetek razprave z balkanskimi znanstvenicami
The workshop had several objectives:
1 Evropsko srečanje na vrhu 21. junija 2003.
”to bring together women scientists from the Balkan region, for the first time, to discuss the issues of the position of women scientists in their respective countries and inthe region as a whole;”to initiate a debate on the needs and policy measures to be used to improve the position of women in science from the Balkans and their inclusion in the European Research Area; and”to disseminate information of the relevant policy orientation and activities undertaken at international and European level, with a special emphasis on the activities developed by the Commission, in particular by the Women and Science Unit.
Delavnica je imela več ciljev: prvič v zgodovini zbrati znanstvenice iz balkanskih držav, da bi razpravljale o položajuznanstvenic v posameznih državah in v regiji;sprožiti razpravo o potrebah in političnih ukrepih, s katerimi bi izboljšali položaj ženskvznanosti v balkanskih državah in omogočili njihovo vključitev v Evropski raziskovalniprostor, inširiti informacije o usmerjenosti relevantnih politik in dejavnosti na mednarodni in evropskiravni s posebnim poudarkom na dejavnostih, ki jih je razvila Evropska komisija, še posebej Oddelek za ženske in znanost.
34 participants attended the workshop, including 16 women scientists, from hardand softdisciplines or gender experts, and from the following countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, FYRoM, Romania Serbia and Montenegro (including Kosovo and Vojvodina).
Delavnice se je udeležilo 34 oseb, med njimi 16 znanstvenic, ki delajo na področju trdih alimehkih znanosti, ter strokovnjakinje za ženska vprašanja iz Albanije, Bosne in Hercegovine,Bolgarije, Hrvaške, Makedonije, Romunije, Srbije in Črne Gore (vključno s Kosovom in Vojvodino).
Although different countries in the region are at very different stagesof accession, the general trend creates favourable conditions for the intensification ofregional scientific cooperation, including the cooperation of women scientists themselves.
Čeprav so države v regiji narazličnih pristopnih točkah, se na splošno oblikujejo ugodni pogoji za poglabljanje regionalnegaznanstvenega sodelovanja, skupaj s sodelovanjem med znanstvenicami.
This political framework supports Balkan’s full participation in ERA and encourages Balkan countries to exploit the high level of motivation for social mobility and thegood educational background of the population.
Opisani političniokvir podpira polnopravno sodelovanje Balkana v Evropskem raziskovalnem prostoru inspodbuja balkanske države, naj izkoristijo visoko stopnjo motivacije k družbeni mobilnostiin dobro izobrazbeno podlago prebivalstva.
It also acknowledges that reinforcementof the RTD capacity of the region should target the improvement of human potential,research infrastructure and institution building in the sector.
Priznava tudi, da bi se moralo utrjevanje razvojnihin raziskovalnih kapacitet usmeriti na izboljšanje človeškega potenciala, raziskovalneinfrastrukture in oblikovanje ustanov znotraj sektorja.
Besides this political framework, another relevant framework for the workshop was the one related to the specificactivities of Women and Science Unit within EU Commission, and Enwise activities, inparticular.The issue of Women in Science, as highlighted during the workshop, combines two equally important aspects: gender equality in scientific activity (including representation in different fields, sectors and levels, promotion, recognition, life-work balance etc.), as well asthe development of general scientific and human resource potentials of the Balkan countries and their inclusion in ERA.
Drugi za delavnico relevantni okvir pase je nanašal na dejavnosti Oddelka za ženske in znanostpri Evropski komisiji, še posebej nadejavnosti Enwise. Kot je bilo poudarjeno na delavnici, združuje vprašanje žensk in znanostidva enako pomembnavidika: enakost spolov v znanstvenem delu (vključno z zastopanostjo na različnih področjih,sektorjih in ravneh, napredovanjem, priznanjem, ravnovesjem med delom in zasebnimživljenjem itn.), pa tudi razvoj splošnega znanstvenega in človeškega potenciala v balkanskihdržavah ter njihovo vključitev v Evropski raziskovalni prostor.
The Women in Sciencetopic could be approached as anissue of both mainstreaming gender equality in science, and of economic developmentand rational and productive use of women’s human capital, which itself is a valuableresource for the process of Enlargement.
Ženske in znanostso tema,hkateri bi lahko pristopili kot k vprašanju uravnoteženja enakosti spolov v znanosti ali kotk vprašanju gospodarskega razvoja, smiselne in produktivne uporabe ženskega kapitala, kije pomembna vrednota znotraj širitvenega procesa.
These two perspectives are inseparable.Women’s education and knowledge in the countries of the region could be a major motorfor its transformation, both in economic and cultural terms, and thus should be recognised and supported by the EU.
Vidika sta neločljiva. Izobrazba žensk innjihovo znanje bi lahko v teh državah postala gonilna sila tako gospodarskega kot kulturnegapreoblikovanja.
There is a clear connection between the process of providing a formal framework for gender inclusion, and the process of accession, or close-nessto the EU.
Kot takšno bi jo morala prepoznati tudi EU in jo podpreti.
This means that harmonisationis very beneficial for gender mainstreaming in the Balkan countries, at least at the legislative level.
Obstaja jasnapovezava med procesom vzpostavljanja formalnega okvira za vključitev žensk in pristopnimprocesom oziroma bližino EU.
The position of the country in
To pomeni, da je, vsaj na zakonski ravni, harmonizacijazauravnoteženo politiko do obeh spolov nadvse koristna za balkanske države.
Greece relation to EU correlates with the quality and scope of specific programmes, action plansand institutional mechanisms for gender equality.
Greece načrtov in institucionalnih mehanizmov za enakost spolov. Vendar pa balkanska resničnostženskam še vnaprej preprečuje, da bi bile polno zastopane v znanosti.
However, Balkan reality in many waysstill impedes women’s full participation in the field of science.The major topics in the workshop were the following: brain drainand communicationwith diasporic scientific communities, educational and professional segregation; institutional barriers for women in science; living and working conditions of women scientists;promotion, rewards and recognition; development of gender studies; research and creation, as well as gender sensitive knowledge; expertise in the field of gender studies andprofessionalisation of gender studies; improvement of the knowledge base on women scientists in the Balkans (statistics and research); professional organisations and networkingof women scientists.
Glavne teme delavnice so bile: beg možganov in sorazumevanje z razpršeno znanstvenosrenjo, izobrazbena in poklicna segregacija, institucionalne prepreke za ženske v znanosti,življenjski in delovni pogoji znanstvenic, napredovanje, nagrade in priznanje, razvoj spolnihštudij, raziskovanje in ustvarjanje, znanje, ki je razvilo občutljivost za vprašanja enakeobravnave spolov, strokovna podlaga na področju spolnih študij in profesionalizacija teznanstvene veje, boljše poznavanje strokovne podkovanosti znanstvenic na Balkanu(sstatističnimi podatki in raziskavami), profesionalne organizacije in mreženje znanstvenic.
Brain drain andbrain gain may be calculated alsoby judging whether it reduces orincreases these capitals, whichmeans, of course, by qualitativeconsiderations.
Treba pa je omeniti, da je vključenost žensk v trde znanosti na Hrvaškem in v Bolgariji večja kot v številnih zahodnih državah.
Professor Dr. Michael Daxner,University of Oldenburg, Germany,speaker and participant in the workshop.
Beg možganovin pridobitev možganov lahkoizračunamo tudi, če ocenimo,ali se s tem družbeni in kulturnikapital zmanjšata ali povečata,torej s kvalitativnimi opažanji.
However, there is still high level segregation of the educational profiles, and womenstudents have higher inclination towards softthan towards hardsciences.
Beg možganov še vedno predstavlja veliko težavo pri oživljanju znanstvene srenje v regiji,
In the cases of Croatia and Bulgaria, however, it should be noted that the inclusion of women into thehard sciences is higher than in many Western countries.∏Wars, economic crises, UN sanctionsin the field of science (in particular for Serbia) andnegative aspects of transitionhave greatly deteriorated much of the educational andresearch capacities in the region, decreasing also the quality of education.
▫ ane toliko zaradi morebitne izgube (ta namreč pomeni pridobitev možganov nekje drugje, zatobi bil primernejši izraz kroženje možganov), marveč zaradi hitrega staranja znanstvenegaosebja in hitrega zmanjševanja kritične mase v znanosti.Delovni in življenjski pogojiznanstvenikov so na splošno manj ugodni (kar zadeva ugled,osebne dohodke).
Being at thesemi-periphery of Europe, many of the scientific communities in the region face theproblem of limited access to the international professional community.∏Brain drainis still the major problem for the recovery of the scientific communities in theregion, not so much from the perspective of the loss(because it is always brain gainelse-where, the term brain circulationmight thus be more adequate), as from the perspectiveof fast ageing of the scientific staff and fast decreasing critical mass in science.∏Working and living conditionsof scientists in general are mainly unfavourable, in differentdimensions (prestige, salaries).
Znanstvenice pa živijo in delajo še v slabših pogojih, saj njihova težkadvojna obremenitev ekonomsko stisko samo še dodatno povečuje.Največje prepreke, ki jih doživljajo ženske z znanstvenim poklicem in s katerimi se srečujemo,ko poskušamo doseči enakost spolov (v politiki, gospodarstvu), so povezane z globoko zakoreninjenimi kulturnimi preprekami: z negativnimi stereotipi o ženskah in njihovih vlogah
Balkan societies representthe very patriarchal part of Europe.
V regiji so se začele razvijati spolne študije.