natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
The six founding members sign the Treaty of Rome creating the European Economic Community (today’s EU).
Šest ustanovnih držav članic je podpisalo Rimsko pogodbo o ustanovitvi Evropske gospodarske skupnosti (današnje EU).
The treaty sets key objectives for agriculture – affordable food for EU citizens and a fair living for farmers.
Pogodba je začrtala dva ključna cilja za kmetijstvo, in sicer cenovno dostopno hrano za vse državljane EU in primerno življenje za kmete.
Guaranteed prices for the main farm products stimulate production and efficiency rises.
Zajamčene cene za glavne kmetijske proizvode spodbujajo proizvodnjo in povečujejo učinkovitost.
As the only policy at EU level, the CAP takes the lion’s share of the EU budget (87% in 1970).
SKP je kot edini politiki na ravni EU namenjen največji delež proračuna EU (87 % v letu 1970).
As the range of EU policies widens, the budget share devoted to the CAP declines and is now below 45%.
Z uvajanjem drugih politik EU se delež proračuna, namenjenega SKP, manjša. Danes znaša manj kot 45 %.
European farm policydown the years
Kronološkipregled evropske kmetijske politike
The common agricultural policy (CAP) is born.
Začetek skupne kmetijske politike (SKP).
It is the EU’s first and only real common policy.
Je prva in edina prava skupna politika EU.
Price support for farmers is the basic principle.
Njeno osnovno načelo je subvencionirati proizvodnjo kmetov.
Agricultural products are sold freely across the EU at common prices.
Kmetijski proizvodi se prosto prodajajo v celotni EU po skupnih cenah.
Taxes are paid on cheaper imports coming into the EU and exports are subsidised if the world price is lower than that in the EU.
Dajatve se zaračunavajo na cenejši uvoz v EU, izvoz pa se subvencionira, če je svetovna cena nižja od cene v EU.
The policy is funded by contributions from Member States.
Politiko financirajo države članice s prispevki.
Richer countries pay more to finance the CAP than poorer ones.
Bogatejše države za SKP prispevajo več kot revnejše.
As part of its international responsibilities, the EU opens its market to imports, including agricultural products, from developing countries under its Generalised System of Preferences.
EU pri izpolnjevanju svojih mednarodnih obveznosti v okviru splošnega sistema preferencialov odpre svoj trg za uvoz kmetijskih proizvodov iz držav v razvoju.
In 1975, it gives even more favourable treatment to imports from its partners in the African-Caribbean-Pacifi c (ACP) group.
Leta 1975 uvede nadaljnje ugodnosti za uvoz iz držav partneric iz skupine afriških, karibskih in pacifiških držav (AKP).
A first step is taken to control overproduction: milk quotas limit the amount individual farmers can produce in a bid to stop overproduction from depressing prices.
Sprejet je prvi ukrep za nadzorovanje presežne proizvodnje: količine, ki jih lahko proizvedejo posamezni kmetje, se omejijo z mlečnimi kvotami, da bi zaustavili presežno proizvodnjo, katere posledica so padajoče cene.
Spain and Portugal join the EU, creating even greater increases in overall production of fruit and vegetables, olive oil and wine.
K EU pristopita Španija in Portugalska, kar povzroči se večjo rast skupne proizvodnje sadja in zelenjave, oljčnega olja in vina.
Price support proves too effective, boosting food output so that the EU soon produces more than it needs.
Subvencioniranje cen je preveč učinkovito, proizvodnja hrane pa se veča, tako da EU kmalu proizvaja več, kot potrebuje.
Stocks pile up and costs skyrocket.
Zaradi vedno večjih zalog so stroški astronomsko visoki.
Overproduction creates the infamous butter, cereals and beef mountains and the wine and milk lakes.
Prevelika proizvodnja ustvarja razvpite gore masla, žitaric in govedine ter morje vina in mleka.
Surpluses are sold off at subsidised prices on world markets, often undercutting local farmers in developing countries.
Presežki se na svetovnih trgih prodajajo po subvencioniranih cenah, ki so pogosto nižje od cen lokalnih kmetov v državah v razvoju.
Calls for CAP reform swell relentlessly.
Zahteve po reformi SKP so vedno glasnejše.
During this period, financial support for farms in mountainous and less favoured areas gains in importance.
V tem obdobju se pomembne finančne podpore namenjajo zlasti kmetijam v hribovitih območjih in območjih z omejenimi možnostmi.
Denmark, Ireland and the UK join the EU The consequences include a much larger EU sheep flock and special deals for traditional British food imports (principally Commonwealth sugar and New Zealand butter).
Štiri leta po uvedbi mlečnih kvot je sprejetih več ukrepov za zmanjševanje presežne proizvodnje in izdatkov. Kmetom se plača, da pustijo del svojega zemljišča neobdelanega (t.i. praha), skupni izdatki v kmetijstvu pa se omejijo.
Accommodating these changes adds to CAP costs.
V poznih osemdesetih letih se s SKP uvedejo določbe za izboljšanje kmetijske infrastrukture, izobraževanje in okolju prijaznejše kmetovanje.
Four years after milk quotas, more steps are taken to reduce overproduction and spending.
K EU pristopijo Danska, Irska in Združeno kraljestvo.
Farmers are paid to leave some of their land uncultivated (socalled set-aside) and a limit is set on overall spending on agriculture.
Posledice za EU so med drugim občutno večji stalež ovac in posebni pogoji za tradicionalni britanski uvoz živil (zlasti sladkorja iz držav Commonwealtha in masla iz Nove Zelandije).
Greece joins the EU, adding to the amount of Mediterranean products, such as olives, coming under the CAP.
K EU pristopi Grčija, kar še poveča količino sredozemskih proizvodov (npr. oljk) v okviru SKP.
International trade talks known as the Uruguay Round lead to the opening up of world trade.
Na mednarodnih trgovinskih pogajanjih, znanih pod imenom urugvajski krog, je sklenjeno, da se svetovno trgovanje liberalizira.
Agenda 2000, a forward-looking CAP reform programme, is adopted.
Sprejme se agenda 2000, tj. program reform SKP, ki je usmerjen v prihodnost.
It strengthens the 1992 process to make farmers more market-focused, further lowering support prices and reinforcing quality requirements.
S tem se nadaljujejo reforme iz leta 1992, katerih namen je doseči večjo tržno usmerjenost kmetov, poleg tega se znižujejo subvencionirane cene in povečujejo zahteve po kakovosti.
Agenda 2000 introduces a series of measures to encourage the economic, social and cultural development of rural areas.
Z Agendo 2000 se uvede niz ukrepov za spodbujanje gospodarskega, socialnega in kulturnega razvoja kmetijskih območij.
Rural development becomes a central element of the CAP.
Razvoj podeželja je postal osrednji element SKP.
Food safety scares (BSE or mad-cow disease, contaminated olive oil, dioxin found in animal feed) occur and concerns over animal welfare increase.
EU pretresejo prehranski škandali (BSE ali bolezen norih krav, kontaminirano oljčno olje, dioksin v živalski krmi), vedno pomembnejša pa postajata tudi dobro počutje živali in varstvo potrošnikov.
Consumer protection becomes an increasingly important part of the CAP.
Uvedejo se sheme, ki spodbujajo kmete k okolju prijaznejšemu in manj intenzivnemu kmetovanju.
Austria, Finland and Sweden join the EU.
K EU pristopijo Avstrija, Finska in Švedska.
Special measures are provided for farmers in tough areas – often characterised by mountains and arctic conditions.
Sprejmejo se posebni ukrepi za kmete na območjih z omejenimi možnostmi, ki so pogosto izpostavljena hribovitim in arktičnim razmeram.
At a stroke, the EU’s forest area increases by 70%.
Površina gozda v EU se naenkrat poveča za 70 %.
More focus on quality.
Kakovost je vedno pomembnejša.
New rules are established promoting farm investment, training, improved processing and marketing. Steps are taken to promote traditional and regional foods.
Uvedejo se nova pravila, ki spodbujajo naložbe v kmetijstvu, izobraževanje ter izboljšave pri predelovanju in trženju.
The CAP undergoes a series of reforms with farmers now getting direct aid payments, whilst price support is scaled down.
Sprejmejo se ukrepi, s katerimi se spodbuja pridelava tradicionalnih in regionalnih živil.
In 2004, the EU’s biggest-ever enlargement brings in 10 countries (Cyprus, Estonia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia).
Leta 2004 v doslej največji širitvi k EU pristopi 10 držav (Ciper, Estonija, Češka, Madžarska, Latvija, Litva, Malta, Poljska, Slovaška in Slovenija).
With Bulgaria and Romania joining in 2007, membership rises to 25 and then 27.
Število držav članic se tako poveča na 25, leta 2007 s pristopom Bolgarije in Romunije pa na 27.
The new members double the EU farming population, including many small subsistence-level farmers.
Nove članice podvojijo kmečko prebivalstvo v EU, ki zdaj obsega tudi mnoge majhne samooskrbne kmetije.
The CAP has changed and will go on changing as it responds to consumer and market demands amidst new challenges in terms of food security, climate change, water management, renewable energy and biodiversity.
Začenja se novi krog trgovinskih pogajanj v okviru STO, t.i. razvojna agenda iz Dohe.
EU ministers reach a political agreement on the CAP review ("Health Check").
EU in Združene države Amerike nameravajo še nadalje zmanjšati interne podpore za kmete in hkrati na svojih trgih zagotoviti boljši dostop za kmetijski uvoz iz držav v razvoju.
A new round of WTO trade negotiations is launched, known this time as the Doha Development Agenda.
SKP se je spremenila in se bo še spreminjala, da bi se odzvala na povpraševanje potrošnikov in tržno povpraševanje ter na nove izzive, ki so povezani z varnostjo hrane, podnebnimi spremembami, gospodarjenjem z vodo, obnovljivimi viri energije in biotsko raznovrstnostjo.
One aim is for the EU and the United States to reduce internal farm support even further, while giving agricultural imports from developing countries better access to their markets.
Ministri EU so dosegli politični sporazum o reviziji skupne kmetijske politike(pregled „zdravstvenega stanja“).
Building on Agenda 2000 and earlier changes, a major CAP reforms package is brought in.
Na podlagi agende 2000 in prejšnjih reform EU uvede obsežnejši paket reform SKP.
Most farm payments are no longer linked to the amounts they produce.
Plačila kmetom večinoma niso več vezana na količino, ki jo proizvajajo.
Instead farmers receive direct income payments, based on previous levels of CAP support.
Namesto tega kmetje prejmejo neposredna plačila, ki temeljijo na predhodnih zneskih podpore SKP.
However, they are paid less if they fail to meet standards for environmentally-friendly production, food safety and animal welfare.
Vendar prejmejo nižje plačilo, če ne izpolnjujejo standardov za okolju prijazno proizvodnjo, varnost hrane in dobro počutje živali.
A mechanism is introduced whereby direct payments are lowered in order to switch money to rural development.
Uveden je sistem, pri katerem se neposredna plačila zmanjšujejo, denar pa se prenese v razvoj podeželja.
The mechanism does not apply to smaller farms.
Ta sistem se ne uporablja za manjše kmetije.
Rural development is put onto a new footing in order to promote more diversified activities in the countryside, to preserve the environment and natural habitats, to support sustainable and efficient farming and highquality products, and to promote innovation and new technologies.
Razvoj podeželja dobi nove temelje, s katerimi se spodbujajo bolj raznolike dejavnosti na podeželju, ohranja okolje in naravni habitati, podpira trajnostno in učinkovito kmetovanje in visokokakovostni proizvodi ter spodbuja inovativnost in nove tehnologije.
Rural development policy is put in place by regional or national programmes, whilst EU strategic guidelines set the general direction.
Politika razvoja podeželja se izvaja z regionalnimi ali nacionalnimi programi, strateške smernice EU pa določajo splošno usmeritev.
European farm policy down the years
Kronološki pregled evropske kmetijske politike
The CAP is evolving with society's needs and expectations
SKP se razvija s potrebami in pričakovanji družbe
THE WAY FORWARD
DOBRO ZA NARAVO, DOBRO ZATE.
The new EU organic Legislation
Nova evropska ekološka zakonodaja
In June 2007 the European Ministers of Agriculture agreed to a new Regulation, which is to regulate organic farming within
Junija 2007 so evropski ministri za kmetijstvo sprejeli novo uredbo, ki ureja ekološko kmetovanje v Evropski uniji (Uredba Sveta (ES) št.
The concern of the consumers with regard to genetically modified organisms (GMO) is taken into consideration.
− Uredba (ES) št. 889/20082 o podrobnih pravilih glede pridelave, označevanja in nadzora,− Uredba (ES) št. 1235/20083 o uvozu ekoloških proizvodov.
Products, which have been produced with or by means of GMO, cannot be labelled as organic.
Poleg tega morata biti označena šifra ekološkega kontrolnega organa ali pristojne oblasti in kraj izvora surovin.
This Council Regulation was supplemented by two Commission Regulations which are to enforce the Council Regulation:
Politična podlaga za spremembo evropske ekološke zakonodaje je bila podana z evropskim akcijskim načrtom za ekološko pridelana živila in ekološko kmetijstvo.
Furthermore, the code number of the organic control body or authority and the place of origin of the raw materials must be indicated.
Ta novi pravni okvir bi moral zagotoviti večjo preglednost, preglednejšo zgradbo in preglednejšo dodelitev odgovornosti institucij.
Only foods that contain agricultural ingredients, of which 95 % come from organic production, can be labelled as “organic”. Yeast has to be included as an organic or provisions (known as Regulation (EEC) No. 2092/91).
Predstavljal bo pravno podlago za trajnostni razvoj ekološke pridelave, vključno s celovitimi cilji in osnovnimi načeli za vse stopnje pridelave, priprave in distribucije ekoloških proizvodov ter za njihov nadzor.
In detail
Podrobno
The new legal framework sets a number of objectives and principles for the orientation of organic farming.
Novi zakonodajni okvir določa številne cilje in načela za usmeritev ekološkega kmetijstva.
The first priority is to ensure the sustainable development of organic production by:
Prva prednostna naloga je zagotoviti trajnostni razvoj ekološke pridelave:
1. preserving natural cycles and eco systems in order to facilitate the health of animals and plants, soil fertility and water quality;2. ensuring biodiversity;3. responsible use of energy and natural resources;4. providing for high animal protection standards, which meet the requirements of certain species and animal behaviour.
1. s spoštovanjem naravnih življenjskih ciklov in ekosistemov, da bi ohranili zdravje živali in rastlin, rodovitnost zemlje in kakovost vode;2. z zagotavljanjem biotske raznovrstnosti;3. z odgovorno rabo energije in naravnih virov;4. z zagotavljanjem visokih meril za zaščito živali, ki zadovoljujejo vedenjske potrebe določenih živalskih vrst.
The general principles for organic farming and the organic food and feeding stuff production in the Council Regulation establish precise instructions for their implementation.
Po temeljiti strokovni oceni se snovi, dovoljene pri ekološkem kmetijstvu in ekološki predelavi, vpišejo v različne pozitivne sezname v Uredbi Komisije (ES) št. 889/2008.
In particular, the recommendations for preventative measures, such as the selection of plant specimens that are locally adapted and the use of resistant animal species, are to contribute to plant health and animal wellbeing.
Ta uredba ureja pridelavo rastlin in živali ter predelavo ekoloških proizvodov (vključno z ekološkim kvasom).
Also additional measures, such as the use of organic ingredients, the restriction on additives and processing aids, the preservation of the actual product nature and the usage of mostly biological, mechanical and physical production methods are to be considered in this sense.
Druga prednostna naloga je pridelava visokokakovostne hrane za porabnike. Tretja prednostna naloga je pridelava pestrega izbora živil in drugih kmetijskih proizvodov z blagimi proizvodnimi postopki, ki ne ogrožajo okolja, zdravja in dobrega počutja ljudi, živali in rastlin.
The second priority is to produce high quality food for consumers.
V Uredbi Komisije (ES) št. 1235/2008 so opredeljena podrobna pravila o uvozu.
The third priority is the production of a large variety of foods
Tu so na primer navedene države, ki imajo sisteme pridelave in nadzora, enakovredne sistemu EU, in iz katerih se zato smejo uvažati ekološki proizvodi.
The substances that are approved for organic farming and organic
To pomeni, da je treba uporabljati predvsem vire na kmetiji, ne pa zunanjih proizvajalnih sredstev.
The first EU organic Regulation was passed in 1991.
Prva ekološka uredba EU je bila sprejeta leta 1991.
This legal regulation was part of the reform for a common EU agricultural policy and signified the first official acknowledgement of organic farming in the EU.
Ta pravni predpis je bil sestavni del reforme skupne kmetijske politike EU in je pomenil prvo uradno priznanje ekološkega kmetijstva v EU.
With Council Regulation (EEC) No. 2092/91, EU-wide legislation was introduced for the production of organic plant products, the processing of organic foods and their inspection.
Leta 1999 so bile dodane podrobne določbe o ekološki živinoreji in prepoved gensko spremenjenih organizmov v ekološki proizvodnji.
In 1999 detailed provisions on organic animal husbandry and a ban on genetically modified organisms in organic production were added.
Z Uredbo Sveta (EGS) št. 2092/91 je bila uvedena zakonodaja za ekološko pridelavo rastlin, predelavo ekoloških živil in nadzor nad njima za vso EU.
This first EU organic legislation was expanded and amended year after year.
Vsako nadaljnje leto so to prvo ekološko zakonodajo EU še razširjali in spreminjali.
For example, it was envisioned that a separate EU organic logo could be developed.
Tako je bilo denimo predvideno oblikovanje posebnega ekološkega znaka EU.
Furthermore, various technical regulations were added, for instance on labelling and import of
Poleg tega so bili dodani različni tehnični predpisi, kakor sta označevanje in uvoz ekoloških proizvodov.
Due to the numerous supplements, the legislation that regulates organic farming became more and more comprehensive and at the same time more complicated, difficult to understand and to apply.
Zaradi številnih dopolnitev je postala zakonodaja, ki ureja ekološko kmetijstvo, vse obsežnejša in hkrati zapletena, tako da jo je težko razumeti in izvajati.
With the new legislation the rules for organic farming should be
Z novo zakonodajo bodo pravila ekološkega kmetijstva jasneje oblikovana in preglednejša.
Agriculture and Rural Development
Skupna kmetijska politika na dlani
Agriculture and Rural Development
Evropska komisija Kmetijstvo in razvoj podeželja
The features of European agriculture .................................................................4
Značilnosti evropskega kmetijstva......................................................................4 ......................................................................4
The farmer's role...................................................................................................5 ...................................................................................................5
Vloga kmeta..........................................................................................................5 ..........................................................................................................5
A history of successful change ............................................................................6
Zgodovina uspešnih sprememb .........................................................................6
A record to be proud of........................................................................................8 ........................................................................................8
Zavidljivi dosežki ..................................................................................................8
Quality is a key to success ...................................................................................10
Kakovost je ključ do uspeha ...............................................................................10
Taking care of the countryside ...........................................................................12
Skrb za podeželje ................................................................................................12
Keeping consumers confident about food safety.............................................13 .............................................13
Ohranjanje zaupanja potrošnikov v varnost hrane...........................................13 ...........................................13
Assistance for rural communities .......................................................................14
Pomoč podeželskim skupnostim .......................................................................14
New member states, new challenges ................................................................15
Nove države članice, novi izzivi ..........................................................................15
The EU – a major world trader in agricultural goods ........................................16
EU – pomemben dejavnik na svetovnem trgu kmetijskih proizvodov ...........16
The CAP – promoting sustainable agriculture in a global environment.........19 .........19
SKP – spodbujanje trajnostnega kmetijstva v svetovnem merilu ...................19
Agriculture and forests cover the vast majority of our territory and play a key role in determining the health of rural economies as well as the rural landscape.
Kmetijske površine in gozdovi pokrivajo veliko večino evropskega ozemlja ter imajo glavno vlogo pri določanju stanja podeželskega gospodarstva in krajine.
Agriculture still has a valuable contribution to make to their sustainable economic development.
Kmetijstvo lahko še vedno pomembno prispeva k njunemu trajnostnemu gospodarskemu razvoju.
The farmer's role
Vloga kmeta
The features of European agriculture
Kmetje ne opravljajo dejavnosti, ki bi bila strogo ločena od drugih.
The European farming sector uses safe, clean, environmentally friendly production methods providing quality products to meet consumers’ demands;
Je zgolj prvi člen v prehranjevalni verigi; kmetje svoje proizvode včasih predelujejo sami, še pogosteje pa jih prodajo drugim, ki jih predelajo v živila, katera potrošniki nato kupijo v trgovinah.
DEVELOPMENT OF AVERAGE GROSS MONTHLY WAGES IN THE ECONOMY AND GROSS MONTHLY AGRICULTURAL INCOME IN AGRICULTURE EU 27
GIBANJE POVPREČNE MESEČNE BRUTO PLAČE V GOSPODARSTVU IN MESEČNIH BRUTO DOHODKOV V KMETIJSTVU EU 27
Agriculture involves much more than the production of crops and animals for food consumption.
Kmetijstvo je precej več kot le pridelava poljščin in vzreja živali za prehrano.
The complexity of their profession requires farmers to play many roles.For most farmers it’s a way of life too.
Večplastnost poklica zahteva od kmetov, da imajo številne vloge. Za večino kmetov je kmetovanja tudi način življenja.
Agriculture Other sectors
Kmetijstvo Drugi sektorji
Farmers’ primary occupation is food production.
Osnovna dejavnost kmetov je proizvodnja hrane.
To do this they employ time-honoured traditions that have been married to modern science and technology for the purpose of o ering great food at an a ordable price.
Pri tem se opirajo na častitljivo tradicijo, ki jo povezujejo s sodobno znanostjo in tehnologijo, da bi lahko potrošnikom ponudili odlično hrano po dostopnih cenah.
This involves using a combination of traditional skills and allied to technical know-how and marketing talent.
To pomeni, da tradicionalne spretnosti uporabljajo skupaj s tehničnimi znanji in smislom za trženje.
Farmers increasingly use information technology to aid their production and marketing e orts.
Pri svojih prizadevanjih na področju proizvodnje in trženja pa se vedno bolj opirajo na informacijsko tehnologijo.
To those attributes farmers must increasingly add land management and environmental expertise.
Ob vsem navedenem morajo biti usposobljeni tudi za upravljanje zemljišč in varstvo okolja.