natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
A News andmedia servicessection of the EMCDDAwebsite offers journalists instant access to latest newsreleases and products.
Sklop Novice in storitve za medije (News and media services) na spletni strani EMCDDA novinarjem ponuja takojšen dostop donajnovejših novic, sporočil in drugih prispevkov.
Serving the information needs of national and EUauthorities, particularly policy-makers and theiradvisors, is a prime concern of the EMCDDA.Herethe Centre informs their decision-makingprocess proactively and reactively through tailoredbriefings and services.
Primarna naloga EMCDDA je zadovoljevanjepotreb po informiranju državnih organov in organov EU, zlasti oblikovalcev politike in njihovihsvetovalcev. Center to nalogo izvršuje proaktivno inreaktivno z obvestili in ostalimi storitvami.
EMCDDA marketing activities run along three axes:dialogue with clients; promotional activities;anddistribution.
Dejavnosti trženja EMCDDA potekajo na tri načine: v obliki dialoga s strankami, promocijskih aktivnostiin distribucije.
Interaction with client groups,viamarket-research surveys, helps the Centre tailorproducts to user needs.
Interakcija s ciljnimi skupinami prektržnih raziskav je Centru v pomoč pri oblikovanjuizdelkov po potrebah uporabnikov.
A wide range of promotionalchannels — including brochures, product launchesand public relations — publicise outputs,whiletargeted distribution ensures that the rightproduct reaches the right client promptly and cost-effectively.
Rezultate delaposreduje javnosti po različnih kanalih — tako prekbrošur, z uvajanjem novih izdelkov kot tudi prekodnosov z javnostmi. Ciljno usmerjeno razširjanjerezultatov dela zagotavlja, da pravi izdelek dosežeciljno publiko hitro in stroškovno učinkovito.
The information technology (IT) team is responsible for: developing and maintaining the EMCDDA IT infrastructure;providing IT advice to projects; and managing online services and databases.
Naloge skupine IT so: razvoj in vzdrževanje informacijske infrastrukture EMCDDA, svetovanje na področjuinformacijske tehnologije pri projektih in upravljanje spletnih storitev ter podatkovnih baz.
The support services team is responsible for: human and material resources; financial and accountingmanagement; planning and evaluation; and documentation and archives.
Skupina za podporne storitve je zadolžena za: človeške in materialne vire, finančno vodenje in računovodstvo,načrtovanje in vrednotenje ter dokumentiranje in arhiviranje.
Also offered is an electronicinformation service catering to the needs of EMCDDA staff and external users via new technologies.
Na voljo je tudi elektronski dostop dopodatkov, ki služi tako potrebam zaposlenih v EMCDDA kot zunanjim uporabnikom.
This allowsaccess to library catalogues, external drug databases and online periodicals.
Na ta način je omogočendostop do katalogov knjižnice, zunanjih podatkovnih baz o drogah in periodike v elektronski obliki.
Staff and budget
Zaposleniin proračun
At the outset of its 2004–06 work programme, the EMCDDA employed a team of approximately 80 staff membersfrom across the EU.
Ob uvedbi delovnega programa za obdobje 2004–2006 je bilo v EMCDDA zaposlenih približno 80 sodelavcev iz različnih držav EU.
Staff are headed by an Executive Director proposed by the European Commission andappointed by the Management Board for a renewable five-year period.
Zaposlene vodi izvršni direktor, ki ga predlaga Evropska komisija in gaimenuje Upravni odbor za mandat petih let, ki ga je mogoče podaljšati.
The EMCDDA receives stable funding under the general EU budget.
EMCDDA prejema finančna sredstva iz splošnega proračuna EU.
The EMCDDA budget is adopted by its Management Board.
Proračun Centra sprejme njegov Upravniodbor.
The 2007 ESPAD report Substance use among students in 35 countries
Uporaba snovi med šolsko mladino v 35 evropskih državah
Legal notice
Pravno obvestilo
This publication of the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) is protected by copyright.
Ta publikacija Evropskega centra za spremljanje drog in zasvojenosti z drogami (EMCDDA, v nadaljevanju: Center) je zaščitena z avtorskimi pravicami.
The EMCDDA accepts no responsibility or liability for any consequences arising from the use of the data contained in this document.
Center ne sprejema odgovornosti za posledice, ki izhajajo iż uporabe podatkov iz tega dokumenta.
The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the official opinions of the EMCDDA’s partners, the EU Member States or any institution or agency of the European Union or European Communities.
Vsebina te publikacije ne izraža nujno uradnih mnenj partnerjev Centra, držav članic EU ali katere koli ustanove ali agencije Evropske unije ali Evropskih skupnosti.
It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu).
Dostop do informacij je mogoč prek strežnika Europa (http://europa.eu).
This summary is available in Bulgarian, Spanish, Czech, Danish, German, Estonian, Greek, English, French, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Hungarian, Dutch, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovenian, Finnish, Swedish, Turkish and Norwegian.
Povzetek je na voljo v bolgarskem, španskem, češkem, danskem, nemškem, estonskem, grškem, angleškem, francoskem, italijanskem, latvijskem, litovskem, madžarskem, nizozemskem, poljskem, portugalskem, romunskem, slovaškem, slovenskem, finskem, švedskem, turškem in norveškem jeziku.
All translations were made by the Translation Centre for the Bodies of the European Union.
Vse prevode je opravil Prevajalski center za organe Evropske unije.
Methodology and data quality
Metodologija in kakovost podatkov
Final remarks
Končne ugotovitve
Authors:Björn Hibell, Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN), Stockholm, Sweden.Ulf Guttormsson, Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAN), Stockholm, Sweden.Salme Ahlström, Alcohol and Drug Research, STAKES, Helsinki, Finland.Olga Balakireva, Institute of Economy and Prognoses, NASU, Kiev, Ukraine.Thoroddur Bjarnason, Faculty of Social Science and Law, University of Akureyri, Iceland.Anna Kokkevi, University Mental Health Research Institute, Athens, Greece.Ludwig Kraus, IFT Institut für Therapieforschung, Munich, Germany.
Avtorji:Björn Hibell, švedski Svet za informacije o alkoholu in drugih drogah (CAN), Stockholm, Švedska.Ulf Guttormsson, švedski Svet za informacije o alkoholu in drugih drogah (CAN), Stockholm, Švedska.Salme Ahlström, Raziskave o alkoholu in drogah, STAKES, Helsinki, Finska.Olga Balakireva, Inštitut za gospodarstvo in napovedi, NASU, Kijev, Ukrajina.Thoroddur Bjarnason, Fakulteta za družbene vede in pravo, Univerza v Akureyri, Islandija.Anna Kokkevi, Univerzitetni raziskovalni inštitut za mentalno zdravje, Atene, Grčija.Ludwig Kraus, IFT Institut für Therapieforschung, München, Nemčija.
Bibliographic details of the full report:Hibell, B., Guttormsson, U., Ahlström, S., Balakireva, O., Bjarnason, T., Kokkevi, A. and Kraus, L. (2009), The 2007 ESPAD report.
Bibliografski podatki celotnega poročila:Hibell, B., Guttormsson, U., Ahlström, S., Balakireva, O., Bjarnason, T., Kokkevi, A. and Kraus, L. (2009), Poročilo 2007 ESPAD za leto 2007.
Substance use among students in 35 European countries. The Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs, Stockholm, Sweden.
Uporaba snovi med dijaki v 35 evropskih državah, švedski Svet za informacije o alkoholu in drugih drogah, Stockholm, Švedska.
Details on how to obtain the full report are available at: http://www.espad.org
Podatki, kako lahko pridobite celotno poročilo, so na voljo na spletnem naslovu: http://www.espad.org.
We are pleased to present this summary of the 2007 European school survey findings produced by the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD).
Z veseljem predstavljamo povzetek ugotovitev raziskave med evropsko šolsko mladino iz leta 2007, pridobljenih v Evropski raziskavi o alkoholu in preostalih drogah med šolsko mladino (ESPAD).
We have made this summary available in 23 languages to ensure the widest possible dissemination in Europe.
Ta povzetek je na voljo v 23 jezikih, da se tako zagotovi čim večje razširjanje v Evropi.
It serves as a complement to the full report that is available in English.
Povzetek je dopolnilo polnega poročila, ki je na voljo v angleškem jeziku.
This multilingual summary is a product of the cooperation framework that exists between the EMCDDA and ESPAD.
Ta večjezični povzetek je rezultat sodelovanja med centrom EMCDDA in projektom ESPAD.
Our common aims are: to broaden access to the information and expertise on alcohol and other drug use among school students developed by the ESPAD project; to improve the availability, quality and comparability of school survey data; and to gain maximum analytical insight from the data available in this area.
Naši skupni cilji so razširitev dostopa do informacij ter strokovnega znanja o uporabi alkohola in drugih drog med šolsko mladino, ki jih pridobi projekt ESPAD; izboljšanje razpoložljivosti, kakovosti in primerljivosti podatkov iz raziskave med šolsko mladino ter pridobitev čim večjega analitičnega vpogleda na podlagi podatkov, ki so na voljo na tem področju.
The mandate of the EMCDDA is to collect, analyse and disseminate factual, objective, reliable and comparable information on the European drug situation.
Center EMCDDA je pristojen za zbiranje, analiziranje in širjenje dejanskih, objektivnih, zanesljivih in primerljivih informacij o stanju na področju drog v Evropi.
The information provided by the ESPAD project is an important source of information for obtaining the European picture on younger people.
Informacije, ki jih zagotavlja projekt ESPAD, so pomemben vir informacij za pridobitev evropske slike o mladih.
The ESPAD project provides a common approach to collecting information on substance use among 15- to 16-year-old students in Europe and allows trends over time to be assessed.
Projekt ESPAD zagotavlja skupen pristop k zbiranju informacij o uporabi snovi med 15- in 16-letnimi dijaki v Evropi ter omogoča ocenjevanje trendov v času.
The work of the ESPAD project would not have been possible without the generous support of the Swedish Government, the Swedish National Institute of Public Health and the Pompidou Group.
Dela v okviru projekta ESPAD ne bi bilo mogoče opravljati brez velikodušne podpore švedske vlade, švedskega Nacionalnega inštituta za javno zdravje in skupine Pompidou.
We would also like to take this opportunity to thank all the governmental and non governmental partners in ESPAD countries that contribute to the funding, data collection, analysis and dissemination of this important work.
Ob tej priložnosti bi se radi zahvalili tudi vsem vladnim in nevladnim partnerjem v državah ESPAD, ki prispevajo k financiranju, zbiranju podatkov, analizi in razširjanju rezultatov tega pomembnega dela.
Summary performed in 7 out of 16 federal states (Bundesländer) while the Belgian data collection was restricted to the Dutch speaking part (Flanders).
Nacionalni kulturni okvir, v katerem so dijaki odgovarjali na vprašanja, je bil zagotovo najbolj raznolik.
The main purpose of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) is to collect comparable data on substance use among 15–16 year-old European students in order to monitor trends within as well as between countries.
Poglavitni cilj Evropske raziskave o alkoholu in preostalih drogah med šolsko mladino (ESPAD) je zbirati primerljive podatke o uporabi snovi med 15- in 16-letnimi dijaki v Evropi za spremljanje trendov v državah in med njimi.
So far four data collection waves have been conducted within the ESPAD project.
V okviru projekta ESPAD so bile do zdaj opravljene štiri serije zbiranja podatkov.
The first study was held in 26 countries in 1995, while the 2007 data collection was performed in 35 countries.
Prva študija iz leta 1995 je potekala v 26 državah, zbiranje podatkov leta 2007 pa se je izvajalo v 35 državah.
This summary presents key results from the 2007 survey as well as findings regarding the longterm trends.
V tem povzetku so predstavljeni ključni rezultati raziskave iz leta 2007 in ugotovitve v zvezi z dolgoročnimi trendi.
An initial section gives a short overview of the methodology.
Začetni oddelek vsebuje kratek pregled metodologije.
The content of the international report is based on standardised country reports and datasets delivered to the coordinators and the database manager.
Velikosti vzorcev v posameznih državah so bile blizu priporočene številke 2 400 ali nad njo, razen v manjših državah, v katerih je raziskava vključila manjše število, a vse ustrezne dijake.
A few countries have experienced modest problems of a methodological kind, but these are not of the magnitude to seriously threaten the comparability of the results, and the overall validity is deemed high for most countries. The national cultural context in which the students have answered the questions has, however, most certainly varied.
Vendar pa je kombinacija majhnega bruto vzorca in visoka stopnja dijakov na Danskem, ki ne dokončajo šolanja, pripeljala do neto vzorca, ki je premajhen, da bi ga bilo mogoče šteti za popolnoma reprezentativnega in s tem popolnoma primerljivega.
Country sample sizes were close to or above the recommended number of 2 400 apart from the smaller countries, where fewer, but all relevant, students were surveyed.
Majhne razlike v ocenjenih vrednostih med državami ali v času je treba previdno razlagati.
However, a combination of a small gross sample and a high school-dropout level in Denmark led to a net sample which was too small to be considered fully representative, and thereby fully comparable.
Splošno gledano pa bi bilo treba zaradi velikosti nacionalnih vzorcev in uporabljenih metod vzorčenja razlike več kot nekaj odstotnih točk z veliko gotovostjo šteti za bistvene.
Independent research teams in the participating countries form the basis of the collaborative project.
Podlaga tega sodelovalnega projekta so neodvisne raziskovalne skupine v sodelujočih državah.
In the 2007 ESPAD data collection more than 100 000 students took part from the following countries: Armenia, Austria, Belgium (Flanders), Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, the Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany (7 Bundesländer), Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, the Isle of Man, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Monaco, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine and the United Kingdom.
Pri zbiranju podatkov ESPAD v letu 2007 je sodelovalo več kot 100 000 dijakov iz naslednjih držav: Armenije, Avstrije, Belgije (Flandrije), Bolgarije, Cipra, Češke republike, Danske, Estonije, Ferskih otokov, Finske, Francije, Grčije, Hrvaške, Irske, Islandije, Italije, Latvije, Litve, Madžarske, Malte, Monaka, Nemčije (7 zveznih dežel), Nizozemske, Norveške, otoka Man, Poljske, Portugalske, Romunije, Ruske federacije, Slovaške, Slovenije, Švedske, Švice, Ukrajine in Združenega kraljestva.
Cigarettes
Na začetku vprašalnika je bilo zastavljenih nekaj vprašanj o kajenju cigaret.
As in previous ESPAD studies, to provide as comparable data as possible, the surveys were conducted according to a standardised methodology and with a common questionnaire.
V raziskavi iz leta 2007 je povprečno 58 % dijakov v sodelujočih državah navedlo, da so vsaj enkrat poskusili kaditi cigarete, 29 % pa jih je kadilo cigarete v zadnjih 30 dneh.
Data were mainly collected during spring 2007 and the target population was students born in 1991, with a mean age of 15.8 years at the time of data collection.
Dva odstotka vseh dijakov je v zadnjih 30 dneh pokadilo najmanj eno škatlico cigaret na dan.
On average, in the 2007 survey, 58 % of the students in participating countries reported having tried smoking cigarettes at least once and 29 % had used cigarettes during the past 30 days.
Kot v prejšnjih študijah ESPAD so bile za zagotovitev čim večje primerljivosti podatkov raziskave izvedene v skladu s standardizirano metodologijo in na podlagi skupnega vprašalnika.
Two percent of all students had smoked at least a packet of cigarettes per day during the past 30 days.
Podatki so se zbirali predvsem pomladi 2007, ciljna populacija pa so bili dijaki, rojeni leta 1991, katerih povprečna starost je med zbiranjem podatkov znašala 15,8 leta.
Data were collected by group-administered questionnaires.
Vrstni red držav za uporabo kadar koli v življenju in razmeroma nedavno uporabo (v zadnjih 30 dneh) je bolj ali manj enak.
The students answered the questionnaires anonymously in the classroom with teachers or research assistants functioning as survey leaders.
Med države z veliko razširjenostjo uporabe cigaret v zadnjih 30 dneh spadajo Avstrija, Bolgarija, Češka republika in Latvija (40–45 %), države z nizko razširjenostjo pa so Armenija, Islandija, Norveška in Portugalska (7–19 %).
With two exceptions the class-samples are nationally representative: in Germany the study was
Čeprav ni nobenega očitnega geografskega vzorca, so dijaki v srednje- in vzhodnoevropskih državah med tistimi, ki navajajo višje stopnje kajenja.
The ranking orders of countries for lifetime and relatively recent use (past 30 days) are more or less the same.
Podatki so se zbirali z uporabo vprašalnikov, ki so jih razdelili dijakom v skupinah.
High-prevalence countries for cigarette use
Dijaki so anonimno izpolnjevali vprašalnike v razredu, učitelji ali raziskovalni asistenti pa so imeli vlogo vodij raziskave.
There is no obvious geographical pattern at hand, but students in central and eastern European countries are often among those reporting higher rates of smoking.
Povzetek — Poročilo ESPAD za leto 2007
In all ESPAD countries at least two thirds of the students have drunk alcohol at least once during their lifetime, with an ESPAD average close to 90 % in the 2007 survey.
2003, dokler se niso nekoliko zmanjšale leta 2007, zlasti med fanti.
The corresponding average figures for the past 12 months and the past 30 days are 82 and 61 % respectively.
Med zadnjima dvema raziskavama se je očitno zmanjšal tudi povprečni delež dijakov, ki so v zadnjih 30 dneh pili pivo in/ali vino.
These figures were relatively unchanged from 1995 to 2007 for lifetime and past 12 months prevalences, while past 30 days figures increased until 2003 before they dropped a little in 2007, especially among boys.
Zgornji povprečni deleži seveda temeljijo na zelo različnih državnih deležih.
Between the last two surveys there was also a clear decrease in the average proportion of students that had been drinking beer and/or wine during the past 30 days.
Na primer, o uživanju alkohola v zadnjih 30 dneh je poročalo 80 % dijakov v Avstriji in na Danskem (omejena primerljivost), vendar samo 31 % na Islandiji in 35 % v Armeniji.
In countries where more students smoke, one is also more likely to find students reporting that cigarettes are easily obtainable.
V državah, kjer kadi več dijakov, je večja verjetnost, da bodo dijaki poročali o lahki dostopnosti cigaret.
An early smoking debut (age 13 or younger) is also associated, at the country level, with high levels of use in the past month.
Tudi zgodnji začetek kajenja (v starosti 13 let ali manj) je na državni ravni povezan z visokimi stopnjami uporabe v zadnjem mesecu.
On average, 7 % of the students said that they had been smoking cigarettes on a daily basis at the age of 13 or younger.
V povprečju je 7 % dijakov navedlo, da so kadili cigarete vsak dan v starosti 13 let ali manj.
Daily cigarette use at this early age is most common among students in the Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia and the Slovak Republic (prevalence rates of about 13 %) and least common among students in Greece and Romania (around 3 %).
Dnevna uporaba cigaret v tej zgodnji starosti je najpogostejša med dijaki v Češki republiki, Estoniji, Latviji in na Slovaškem (približno 13-odstotna stopnja razširjenosti), najmanj pogosta pa med dijaki v Grčiji in Romuniji (približno 3-odstotna).
The average figures above are of course based on very divergent country figures.
Vendar je v posameznih državah mogoče opaziti velike razlike.
For example, alcohol use during the past 30 days was reported by 80 % of the students in Austria and Denmark (limited comparability) but only by 31 % in Iceland and 35 % in Armenia.
Na primer, fantje so bili 16 odstotnih točk nad dekleti v Armeniji, nasprotno pa so bila dekleta v Monaku 19 odstotnih točk nad fanti.
At the aggregate country level, the gender differences in 2007 are negligible for smoking in the past 30 days.
Deleži za razširjenost kadar koli v življenju, v zadnjih 12 mesecih in v zadnjih 30 dneh so približno enaki za dekleta in fante.
However, in individual countries great differences may be observable.
Če pa primerjamo večje pogostosti v zadevnem časovnem okviru (40-, 20- in 10-krat), so deleži med fanti po navadi večji.
For example, boys were 16 percentage points above girls in Armenia and conversely, girls were 19 percentage points above boys in Monaco.
Te velike pogostosti v glavnem navajajo dijaki v Avstriji in Nemčiji (v 7 zveznih deželah), medtem ko nordijske države Finska, Islandija, Norveška in Švedska spadajo med države, v katerih le zelo majhno število dijakov pije alkohol tako pogosto.
The figures for lifetime, past 12 months and past 30 days prevalences are about the same for boys and girls.
Skozi čas je mogoče opaziti rahlo zmanjšanje kajenja v zadnjih 30 dneh, pri čemer se je med letoma 1995 in 2007 skupna povprečna stopnja razširjenosti znižala za štiri odstotne točke v državah ESPAD s primerljivimi podatki za vse štiri serije.
However, when it comes to higher frequencies in the respective time frame (40, 20 and 10 times) the proportions are usually higher among boys.
Če primerjavo omejimo na obdobje od leta 1999 do leta 2007, znaša upad razmeroma nedavnega kajenja 7 odstotnih točk.
These high frequencies are mainly reported by students in Austria and Germany (7 Bundesländer), while the Nordic countries Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden belong to those with only very few students who drink this often.
Majhne splošne razlike med dekleti in fanti (4 odstotne točke) so bile opažene v letu 1995, vendar so v letu 2007 izginile.
Over time, a slight decrease in the past 30 days’ smoking may be noticed, the total average prevalence rate having dropped by four percentage points between 1995 and 2007 in ESPAD countries with comparable data for all four waves.
Skupna količina alkohola, zaužitega na zadnji dan pitja alkohola, je navadno majhna v državah, v katerih dijaki pogosto pijejo, na primer v Grčiji, in velika v državah z majhno pogostostjo pitja.
If the comparison is confined to the period between 1999 and 2007, the drop in relatively recent smoking is seven percentage points.
Med države s takim vzorcem se uvrščajo nordijske države Finska, Islandija, Norveška in Švedska.
A small overall gender gap (4 percentage points) was noticed in 1995 but this gap had vanished in 2007.
Vendar pa so izjeme od tega vzorca, denimo Danska (omejena primerljivost) in Avstrija, v katerih dijaki navajajo veliko pogostost in velike zaužite količine.
Only four countries give a contrary image regarding the longterm downward trend in recent smoking, displaying higher levels in 2007 than in 1995.
Samo štiri države kažejo nasprotno sliko glede dolgoročnega trenda upadanja v zvezi z nedavnim kajenjem in imajo višje stopnje leta 2007 v primerjavi z letom 1995.
In all those countries, however, the actual increases took place already between 1995 and 1999 and the situation has been relatively stable thereafter.
V vseh teh državah pa so se povečanja zgodila že med letoma 1995 in 1999, od tedaj je stanje razmeroma stabilno.
Hence, the overall picture of the trend in past 30 days smoking in the ESPAD countries is one of a decrease, or at least of a stabilized situation.
Tako je splošni trend v zvezi s kajenjem v zadnjih 30 dneh v državah ESPAD upadajoče oziroma ustaljeno stanje.