natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Besides the basic success factors, which are common to all the cases, the analysis of the cases shows that there are some additional success factors that motivate actors to go further than usual to achieve results that are far above average.
Poleg osnovnih dejavnikov uspešnosti, ki so skupni vsem primerom, analiza primerov kaže, da obstajajo dodatni dejavniki uspešnosti, ki motivirajo akterje, da za doseganje rezultatov, boljših od povprečja, vložijo več truda, kot običajno.
Some of these additional factors are:
Nekateri dodatni dejavniki so: a z
Systematic risk assessment therefore improves workplace safety and health and business performance in general.
Sistematična ocena tveganj zato izboljša varnost na delovnem mestu ter zdravstveno in poslovno uspešnost na splošno.
or S a high motivation to be the best in the sector, or just to be as good as possible, or to improve the image of the company or to improve the image of the safety and health department;
a v visoka motiviranost za dosego prvenstva v sektorju ali vsaj za trud po najboljših močeh, izboljšanje podobe podjetja oziroma oddelka za varnost in zdravje; a r
■ at risk) in the work flow; existing difficulties in replacing sick workers; the existence of internal capacities to identify (and develop) a
V tem projektu je bila uvedena nova varnostna oprema, ki jo spremljajo ukrepi usposabljanja in izobraževanja.
This project introduced new safety equipment, accompanied by training and education measures, in an effort to reduce the NSI prevalence among hospital staff.
Cilj projekta je zmanjšanje razširjenosti vbodov z injekcijskimi iglami med bolnišničnim osebjem.
Within 12 months NSIs had been reduced to zero.
V 12 mesecih je bilo število vbodov zmanjšano na nič.
■ effective solutions; the availability of simple solutions for high risks; n d H
r enostavne rešitve ob velikih tveganjih; a v j e p ustrezen nadzor sprejetih preventivnih ali zaščitnih ukrepov (Ali se ukrepi dejansko izvajajo?
Case study — Reducing the manual handling of loads — Azimut Yachts e a proper monitoring of the preventive or protective measures adopted (are the measures actually being implemented? are they working? are they adequate?); l t
Študija primera: Zmanjšanje ročnega premeščanja bremen – družba Azimut Yachts zunanja podpora pri zapletenih ali naprednih rešitvah; r i d pripravljenost zmanjšati stroške, povezane z nezgodami in boleznimi pri poklicih ali na področjih z visokim tveganjem.
■ t W motivation to reduce the related costs of accidents and diseases in high-risk occupations or areas.
Če se takšni dodatni dejavniki prištejejo osnovnim dejavnikom uspešnosti, je možno tveganja močno zmanjšati ali jih celo odpraviti.
A preliminary assessment of the risks involved in the manual handling of loads at this boatyard showed that the shaft assembly operations were particularly critical.
Predhodna ocena tveganja pri ročnem premeščanju bremen v tej ladjedelnici je pokazala, da je bilo posebno kritično nameščanje gredi.
In order to reduce the risks involved, a trolley was built that completely changed the shaft assembly procedure, thus reducing the necessity for the manual handling of loads.
Za zmanjšanje obstoječih tveganj je bil skonstruiran voziček, s pomočjo katerega so popolnoma spremenili postopek nameščanja gredi in tako zmanjšali ročno prenašanje bremen.
How to obtain the report
Kako do poročila?
If such additional factors are added to the basic success factors, a strong risk reduction or even the elimination of the risk seems to be feasible.
Mnogo študij primerov izkazuje kombinacijo preventivnih ukrepov (obvladovanje tveganja pri viru, prilagajanje dela posamezniku, prilagajanje tehničnemu napredku, zagotavljanje ustreznih navodil delavcem, itd.).
The full report is available in English on the Agency’s website at: http://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/reports/TEWE09001ENC/view where it can be downloaded free of charge.
Celotno poročilo je na voljo v angleščini na spletni strani agencije (http://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/reports/TEWE09001ENC/ view), od koder ga lahko brezplačno prenesete.
The adoption of these interconnected measures is also a key success factor.
Prednosti priprave ustrezne ocene tveganja
This factsheet is available in all EU languages at: http://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/factsheets
Informativni letak je na voljo v vseh jezikih EU na spletnem naslovu: http://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/factsheets
Some of the benefits of carrying out a proper and detailed risk assessment and eliminating or substantially reducing risks at the workplace are clearly described in these cases:
Nekatere prednosti priprave ustrezne in podrobne ocene tveganja ter odpravljanja ali znatnega zmanjšanja tveganj na delovnem mestu so v teh primerih jasno opisane: zdrava in varna delovna mesta (manj bolniških odsotnosti, manjša fluktuacija zaposlenih, motivirana delovna sila, manj pritožb, boljše delovno okolje, manj neudobja zaradi visokih ravni hrupa, dela v nenavadnih položajih, visokih temperatur itd.);
‘Healthyworkplaces.Goodforyou.Goodforbusiness.
„Zdrava delovna mesta: Dobro za vas.
A European campaign on risk assessment’ is the theme for the European campaign 2008/09 being run by the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) on more than 30 countries including all EU Member States.
Dobro za posel.“ Evropska kampanja o oceni tveganja je tema evropske kampanje 2008/2009, ki jo izvaja Evropska agencija za varnost in zdravje pri delu (EU-OSHA) v več kot 30 državah, vključno z državami članicami EU.
This factsheet has been produced to support the campaign.
V podporo kampanji je bil pripravljen informativni letak.
■ a reduction in costs arising from occupational accidents and illness;
zmanjšanje stroškov, povezanih z nezgodami pri delu in poklicnimi boleznimi;
Other factsheets in the series and further information on risk assessment are available at http://osha.europa.eu/topics/riskassessment.
Preostali informativni letaki iz serije in dodatne informacije o oceni tveganja so na voljo na naslovu: v nekaterih primerih so skupni stroški rešitev nižji od stroškov prejšnje rešitve/prejšnjih okoliščin; http://osha.europa.eu/topics/riskassessment uvedene spremembe (reorganizacija delovnega mesta, nova ali prilagojena strojna oprema, novi delovni postopki) niso samo
This resource is being continually developed and updated. http://hw.osha.europa.eu is the direct link to the European campaign.
Ta vir se neprestano razvija in posodablja. http://hw.osha.europa.eu je neposredna povezava do evropske kampanje.
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work Gran Vía, 33, 48009 Bilbao, SPAINTel. +34 944794360, Fax +34 944794383E-mail: information@osha.europa.eu
Evropska agencija za varnost in zdravje pri delu Gran Vía, 33, 48009 Bilbao, ŠPANIJATel. +34 944794360, Fax +34 944794383E-naslov: information@osha.europa.eu
Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Printed in Belgium, 2009 http://osha.europa.eu
Reprodukcija je dovoljena z navedbo vira. Printed in Belgium, 2009 http://osha.europa.eu
Preventing harm to cleaning workers
Preprečevanje poškodb čistilnega osebja
Cleaning is carried out in every workplace.
Čiščenje se izvaja na vsakem delovnem mestu.
The cleaning industry itself is a growing sector, as it is a service that is increasingly being put out to tender.
Sama čistilna industrija je rastoč sektor, saj je čiščenje storitev, ki se vse bolj oddaja na javnih razpisih.
While there are some very large cleaning contractors, the sector is dominated by small businesses, many of which employ fewer than 10 workers.
Čeprav obstaja nekaj zelo velikih izvajalcev čiščenja, v sektorju prevladujejo majhna podjetja, od katerih imajo številna manj kot 10 zaposlenih.
Cleaning is an essential task, and one that when done well can reduce both risks to workers’ safety and health and costs to the business, for example by extending the life of workplace equipment and furnishings, and keeping floor surfaces in good condition.
Čiščenje je bistvena naloga, ki lahko, če je opravljena dobro, zmanjša tveganja za varnost in zdravje delavcev ter zniža stroške za podjetje, na primer s podaljšanjem življenjske dobe opreme in pripomočkov na delovnem mestu ter ohranjanjem talnih površin v dobrem stanju.
In some industries such as the food and catering sectors poor cleaning can cause a business to fail.
V nekaterih panogah, kot sta živilski in gostinski sektor, lahko slabo čiščenje povzroči propad podjetja.
The European Agency for Safety and Health at Work has published a report looking at preventing harm to cleaning workers.
Evropska agencija za varnost in zdravje pri delu je objavila poročilo, v katerem obravnava preprečevanje poškodb čistilnega osebja.
This report, which can be downloaded free of charge from the agency’s website, considers the challenges to improving the safety and health of cleaners and examines actions taken to achieve this goal.
V tem poročilu, ki ga je mogoče brezplačno prenesti s spletne strani Agencije, so obravnavani izzivi za izboljšanje varnosti in zdravja čistilnega osebja ter proučeni ukrepi, sprejeti za uresničitev tega cilja.
Challenges to safe and healthy cleaning
Izzivi za varno in zdravo čiščenje
The tendency for cleaning work to be contracted out, with tenders considered on the basis of price alone, means that there are strong cost-cutting pressures on cleaning companies.
Težnja, da se čiščenje oddaja zunanjim izvajalcem, pri čemer se ponudbe obravnavajo samo na podlagi cene, pomeni, da so čistilna podjetja deležna močnih pritiskov po zniževanju stroškov.
This can result in inadequate investment in training and other management activities essential for worker protection.
To lahko privede do neustreznega vlaganja v usposabljanje in druge upravljavske dejavnosti, bistvene za zaščito delavcev.
As labour costs tend to make up the largest part of the costs of a cleaning company, there is a risk that unscrupulous employers will seek to gain an unfair advantage in tendering processes by illegal employment practices such as not paying full social insurance costs or employing illegal labour.
Ker stroški dela največkrat pomenijo največji del stroškov čistilnega podjetja, obstaja tveganje, da bodo brezvestni delodajalci poskušali pridobiti nepošteno prednost v razpisnem postopku z nezakonitimi praksami zaposlovanja, kot sta neplačevanje vseh stroškov socialnega zavarovanja ali zaposlovanje na črno.
Exposure to hazardous substances being cleaned, which can include biological hazards such as moulds or human biological wastes
Običajne zdravstvene težave, povezane z delom, ugotovljene pri čistilnem osebju:
Action against such practices is being taken.
Ukrepi proti takim praksam se že sprejemajo.
For example, the European social partners in the industrial cleaning sector have adopted common positions on employment and undeclared work, published guidance on health and safety and a handbook — Selecting best value — on promoting quality in tendering.
Na primer, evropski socialni partnerji v sektorju industrijskega čiščenja so že sprejeli skupna stališča do zaposlovanja in neprijavljenega dela, objavili smernice o varnosti in zdravju ter priročnik – Izbrati najboljšo vrednost – o spodbujanju kakovosti v razpisnih postopkih.
A poor perception of cleaning and cleaning workers can discourage the effective occupational safety and health management of cleaning services, for example, failing to provide appropriate equipment and training because the employer does
Slabo razumevanje čiščenja in čistilnega osebja lahko prepreči učinkovito varnost pri delu in zdravstveno upravljanje čistilnih služb, ki, na primer, ne zagotovijo ustrezne opreme in usposabljanja, ker se delodajalcu naloga ne zdi pomembna.
■ injuries from slips, trips and falls,musculoskeletal disorders,work-related stress, anxiety and sleeping disorders,skin diseases such as contact dermatitis and eczema,respiratory disorders including asthma, andcardiovascular diseases.
■ poškodbe pri zdrsih, spotikih in padcih,kostno-mišična obolenja,stres, povezan z delom, tesnoba in motnje spanja,kožne bolezni, kot sta kontaktni dermatitis in ekcem,dihalne motnje, vključno z astmo, terbolezni srca in ožilja.
Common hazards, risks and health outcomes
Običajne nevarnosti, tveganja in posledice za zdravje:
Risk of slips, trips and falls, particularly during ‘wet work’
■ tveganje zdrsov, spotikov in padcev, zlasti med „delom s tekočinami“;
Risk of musculoskeletal disorders, for example from carrying loads or doing repetitive work
■ izpostavljenost nevarnim snovem, ki jih vsebujejo čistilna sredstva;
Cleaning work is often done outside normal working hours, often in the early morning, evening or night.
Čiščenje se pogosto izvaja zunaj običajnega delovnega časa, velikokrat zgodaj zjutraj, zvečer ali ponoči.
The workers may be on part-time and temporary contracts and can often be doing more
Taki delovni vzorci lahko prispevajo k tveganjem za varnost in zdravje delavca.
Exposure to dangerous substances contained in cleaning agents http://osha.europa.eu
izpostavljenost nevarnim snovem, ki se čistijo in lahko vključujejo biološka tveganja, kot so plesni ali človeški biološki odpadki; http://osha.europa.eu
A Swedish cleaning contractor implemented daytime cleaning with a client — a major banking group.
Švedski izvajalec čiščenja je pri stranki, veliki bančni skupini, uvedel čiščenje podnevi.
The daytime cleaning was initiated after training for all workers in the cleaning company.
Pred tem je izvedel usposabljanje za vse delavce v čistilnem podjetju.
The client benefited from a better quality of service arising from the face-to-face contact between client and cleaner, the cleaning company benefited from reduced staff turnover as staff preferred daytime work, and the workers gained improved job satisfaction and safer and healthier working conditions.
Stranka je bila deležna boljše kakovosti storitve, ki je izhajala iz neposrednega stika med stranko in čistilcem, medtem ko se je pri čistilnem podjetju osebje manj menjavalo, saj so raje delali podnevi, delavci pa so bili bolj zadovoljni z delom, ker so delali v varnejših in bolj zdravih delovnih razmerah.
Risk assessment n d H
Ocena tveganja a v a r n
“Be careful – Dangerous substances”, Artists: Igor Banaszewski, Monika Wojtaszek.
Čiščenje redko velja za osrednjo dejavnost v podjetjih.
Courtesy of the Occupational Safety Poster Competition organised by the Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute, Poland e
To lahko privede do nezadostne ozaveščenosti o nevarnostih in tveganjih, povezanih s čiščenjem, in do tega, da se ne izdela ustrezna ocena tveganja, preventivni ukrepi pa se ne izvedejo ustrezno.
This can result in a lack of awareness of the hazards and risks associated with the process and, so, a failure to adequately carry out a risk assessment and implement preventive measures.
Natečaj za najboljši plakat o varnosti pri delu, ki ga je pripravil Osrednji inštitut za varstvo delavcev, Nacionalni raziskovalni inštitut, Poljska.
Risk assessment is the key to good safety and health at work, and effective prevention can be achieved following a five-step approach:
Ocena tveganja je ključnega pomena za dobro varnost in zdravje pri delu, učinkovito preprečevanje pa se lahko doseže s pristopom v petih korakih:
■ identifying hazards and those at risk,evaluating and prioritising risks,deciding on preventive action,taking action,monitoring and reviewing to ensure that the preventive select your cleaning service by value, not price;switch to daytime cleaning;value the cleaners and the work they do — if it is done wrong, it can cost the business;see cleaning as an essential task which can expose the workers to particular hazards and risks;assess the risks to cleaning workers and implement preventive measures;share health and safety information with all relevant parties, which may include the client company, the cleaning business, the building owner, and the workers themselves.
■ prepoznavanje nevarnosti in ogroženih oseb,ocenjevanje in prednostno razvrščanje tveganj,odločitev o preventivnem ukrepanju,ukrepanje,spremljanje in posodabljanje za zagotovitev delovanja preventivnih ukrepov. (1) r i d
Where cleaning work is contracted out, there can be additional difficulties as the client and the cleaning company need to liaise to ensure that risks are identified, eliminated or controlled.
Sporočila iz tega poročila je mogoče povzeti:
Further information and the reports Preventing harm to cleaning workers and Employment risks and health in cleaning workers can be obtained from the agency’s website (http://osha.europa.eu/ en/publications/reports/TEWE09006ENC/view).
Dodatne informacije ter poročili Preprečevanje poškodb čistilnega osebja in Tveganja pri zaposlitvi in zdravje pri čistilnem osebju je mogoče dobiti na spletni strani Agencije (http://osha.europa.eu/ en/publications/reports/TEWE09006ENC/view).
) Factsheet 81, ‘Risk assessment — the key to healthy workplaces’ (http://osha.
Informativni bilten Factsheet 81, „Ocena tveganja – ključ do varnih in zdravju
Publications by the social partners in the cleaning industry, including a guide to best value and a manual on health and safety in the office cleaning sector, can be found through the website of the European Commission’s Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities DG (http://ec.europa.eu/social/).
Publikacije socialnih partnerjev v čistilni industriji, vključno z vodnikom za najboljšo vrednost in priročnikom o varnosti in zdravju v sektorju čiščenja poslovnih prostorov, je mogoče najti prek spletne strani Generalnega direktorata za zaposlovanje, socialne zadeve in enake možnosti Evropske komisije (http://ec.europa.eu/social/).
europa.eu/publications/factsheets).
prijaznih delovnih mest“ (http://osha. europa.eu/publications/factsheets).
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work Gran Vía, 33, 48009 Bilbao, SPAINTel. +34 944794360, Fax +34 944794383E-mail: information@osha.europa.eu
Evropska agencija za varnost in zdravje pri delu Gran Vía, 33, 48009 Bilbao, ŠPANIJATel. (+34) 944794360, faks (+34) 944794383E-naslov: information@osha.europa.eu
Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Printed in Belgium, 2009
Razmnoževanje je dovoljeno z navedbo vira. Printed in Belgium, 2009
Workforce diversity and risk assessment: ensuring everyone is covered Summary of an Agency report
Različnost delovne sile in ocena tveganja: zagotoviti, da so vsi upoštevani Povzetek poročila Agencije
Workers are not all exposed to the same risks and some specific groups of workers are exposed to increased risks (or are subject to particular requirements).
Vsi delavci niso izpostavljeni istim tveganjem, nekatere posebne skupine delavcev pa so izpostavljene večjemu tveganju (ali pa zanje veljajo posebne zahteve).
When we speak about workers exposed to ‘particular’ or ‘increased’ risks, we refer to workers subject to specific risks due to their age, origins, gender, physical condition or status in the enterprise.
Ko govorimo o delavcih, ki so izpostavljeni „posebnemu“ ali „povečanemu“ tveganju, mislimo na delavce, ki so posebnim tveganjem izpostavljeni zaradi svoje starosti, porekla, spola, zdravstvenega stanja ali statusa v podjetju.
Such people may be more vulnerable to certain risks and have specific requirements at work.
Take osebe so lahko bolj ranljive za nekatera tveganja in imajo na delovnem mestu posebne zahteve.
Health and safety legislation (1) requires employers to carry out risk assessments and emphasises the need to ‘adapt the work to the individual’, the obligation for the employer to ‘be in possession of an assessment of the risks to safety and health at work, including those facing groups of workers exposed to particular risks’ and that ‘sensitive risk groups must be protected against the dangers which specifically affect them’.
Zakonodaja s področja varnosti in zdravja pri delu (1) od delodajalca zahteva, da izdela oceno tveganja, in poudarja potrebo po „prilagajanju dela posamezniku“, obveznost, da mora delodajalec „oceniti tveganja za varnost in zdravje pri delu, tudi tista, s katerimi se soočajo skupine delavcev, izpostavljene posebnim tveganjem,“ in dejstvo, da „je treba posebno občutljive skupine varovati pred nevarnostmi, ki jih specifično ogrožajo“.
The report then focuses on the prevention of risks faced by the different groups of workers.
Navedeni so opisi praktičnih ukrepov na delovnem mestu ali ravni sektorja in njihovo ozadje, vključno s ciljnimi skupinami, načini opredeljevanja in ocenjevanja rezultatov, stranskimi učinki, dejavniki uspeha in težavami.
It provides descriptions of practical actions at workplace or sector level and their background, including groups who are targeted, and ways of identifying and assessing results, side effects, success factors and problems.
Vendar pa se je različnost redko proučevala z vidika ocene tveganja. Praktična orodja za oceno tveganja, ki upoštevajo posebna tveganja, s katerimi se srečujejo na primer invalidne osebe, delavci migranti, starejši delavci, ženske in začasni delavci, so še vedno redka.
Key issues for ‘inclusion-sensitive’ risk assessment
Ključne smernice za izdelavo ocene tveganja, v kateri je upoštevana različnost
However, diversity has seldom been studied from the perspective of risk assessment.
Resno obravnavati vprašanja različnosti in imeti pozitivne namere.
Aim of the report
■ nevarnosti in kdo je ogrožen.
The report produced by the Agency highlights the need to carry out inclusive risk assessment, to take into account the diversity of the workforce when assessing and managing risks.
Poročilo, ki ga je izdala Agencija, poudarja potrebo po izdelavi ocene tveganja, ki vključuje ta vprašanja, da bi se pri ocenjevanju in upravljanju tveganj upoštevala različnost delovne sile.
The main aim of this report is to describe why and how risk assessment can and should cover the whole workforce, and to increase awareness among those responsible for and affected by health and safety at work — employers, employees, safety representatives and occupational safety and health practitioners — about the importance of assessing the risks for all workers.
Glavni cilj tega poročila je opisati, zakaj in kako lahko ocena tveganja zajame celotno delovno silo, oziroma bi jo tudi morala zajeti, ter kako povečati ozaveščenost o pomenu ocenjevanja tveganja za vse delavce med tistimi, ki so odgovorni za varnost in zdravje pri delu, kot tistimi, ki najbolj občutijo posledice ukrepov varnosti in zdravja pri delu (delodajalci, zaposleni, delavski zaupniki za varnost in zdravje pri delu ter strokovnjaki na področju varnosti in zdravja pri delu).
The first part of the report presents the main issues regarding the occupational safety and health of six categories of workers considered at increased risk: migrant workers, disabled workers, young and older workers, women (gender issues) and temporary workers.
V prvem delu poročila so predstavljena glavna vprašanja v zvezi z varnostjo in zdravjem pri delu za šest razredov delavcev, ki veljajo za izpostavljene večjemu tveganju: delavci migranti, invalidni delavci, mladi in starejši delavci, ženske (vprašanje
At the end of each subsection, links are provided to further information and practical guidance or risk assessment tools.
Povezovati varnost in zdravje pri delu z vsakim ukrepom za doseganje enakopravnosti spolov na delovnem mestu, vključno z načrti za enakopravnost spolov in nediskriminacijskimi politikami.
) Council Directive 89/391/EEC of 12 June 1989 on the introduction of measures
) Direktiva Sveta 89/391/EGS z dne 12. junija 1989 o uvajanju ukrepov za
Considering the entire workforce, including cleaners, receptionists, maintenance workers, temporary agency workers, part-time workers, etc.Adapting work and preventive measures to workers.
Zagotoviti ustrezno usposabljanje in informacije o vprašanjih različnosti v zvezi s tveganji za varnost in zdravje pripravljavcem spodbujanje izboljšav varnosti in zdravja delavcev pri delu.
Inclusive risk assessment should take a participatory approach, involving the workers concerned and based on an examination of the real work situation.
Zagotoviti ustrezno usposabljanje o varnosti in zdravju na delovnem mestu vsakemu delavcu, pri čemer se gradivo za usposabljanje prilagodi potrebam in posebnostim delavcev.