natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Every country has designated Natura 2000 sites to help conserve the rare habitats and species present in their territory.
Vsaka država je imenovala območja Natura 2000, da bi pomagala ohraniti redke habitate in vrste na njenem ozemlju.
Over 25,000 sites are included in the Network so far.
Trenutno je v omrežje vključenih že več kot 25 000 območij.
In total, they cover a substantial area: almost a fifth of Europe’s land area and an important part of the surrounding seas. This makes it the largest network of conservation areas anywhere in the world.
Skupaj zajemajo obsežno območje: skoraj petino evropskega kopnega ter pomemben del morja ki ga obdaja, kar je skupaj največje omrežje zavarovanih območij na svetu.
The individual Natura 2000 sites range in size from less than 1 ha to over 5,000 km depending on the species or habitats they aim to conserve, the majority are around 100–1,000 ha.
Posamezna območja Natura 2000 so manjša od 1 ha in večja od 5 000 km, odvisno od vrst ali habitatov, ki jih želijo ohraniti. Večina območij je velikih 100–1 000 ha.
Some are located in remote areas but most form an integral part of our countryside and contain a range of different habitats, buffer zones and other elements of the landscape.
Nekatera so odročna, večina pa jih tvori sestavni del našega podeželja in vključuje številne različne habitate, varovalne pasove in druge krajinske elemente.
National list of sites
Nacionalni seznami območij
As a result, Natura 2000, is not only safeguarding some of Europe’s rarest species and habitats, but it also provides a safe haven for countless other animals, plants and wildlife features which, although more common, are an equally important part of our natural heritage.
Natura 2000 ne varuje le nekaterih najbolj redkih evropskih vrst in habitatov, ampak zagotavlja tudi varno naravno okolje za številne druge živali, rastline in prostoživeče vrste, ki so bolj običajne, vendar kljub temu enako pomemben del naše naravne dediščine.
BIOGEOGRAPHICAL REGIONSThe EU has nine biogeographic regions, each with its own characteristic blend of vegetation, climate, topography and geology.Working at this level makes it easier to check species and habitat conservation trends under similar natural conditions, irrespective of political and administrative boundaries.
BIOGEOGRAFSKE REGIJEEU ima devet biogeografskih regij.Vsaka od njih ima svojo značilno rastlinsko, podnebno, topografsko in geološko raznolikost. Na tej ravni je lažje preveriti razvojne smernice ohranjanja vrst in habitatov pod podobnimi naravnimi pogoji ne glede na politične in upravne meje.
Black S r an ea ne r ed it M on és ia n ar ac
Črno morje em lje z ed o Sr on eš ka
HOW ARE NATURA 2000 SITES CHOSEN?
KAKO SE IZBEREJO OBMOČJA NATURA 2000?Za vrste in habitate navedene v Direktivi o habitatih:
Special Protection Areas (SPA)
Posebna zaščitena območja
Each country identifies sites that are important for the conservation of species and habitats listed in the Habitats Directive occurring naturally in their territory.
KORAK: Prvi korak naredijo države članice.Vsaka država določi območja, ki so pomembna za ohranitev vrst in habitatov, navedenih v Direktivi o habitatih, ki so na njenem ozemlju naravno prisotna.
If the list is deemed insufficient, Member States are requested to propose more sites in order to complete the network.• STAGE 3:The final stage is for Member States to formally protect these areas and introduce measures to maintain or restore them to a good conservation state.
Če je seznam nezadosten, se od držav članic zahteva, da predlagajo več območij, da se omrežje dopolni.•3. KORAK: Pri zadnjem koraku države članice uradno zaščitijo ta območja in uvedejo merila za njihovo ohranitev ali vrnitev v dobro ohranitveno stanje.
For species under the Birds Directive sites are classified by the Member States and after evaluation included in the Natura 2000 Network.
Za vrste, ki so zaščitene z Direktivo o pticah, države članice same določijo območja, ki so opravljeni evaluaciji vključena v omrežje Natura 2000.
Natura 2000 – part of a living landscape
Natura 2000 –del naravne krajine
People often associate nature conservation with strictnature reserves where human activities are systematically excluded.
Ljudje pogosto povezujejo ohranjanje narave z naravnimi rezervati, kjer so človekove dejavnosti sistematično izključene.
Natura 2000 adopts a dierent approach. It fully recognises that man is an integral part of nature and the two work best in partnership with one another.
Natura 2000 se zavzema za drugačen pristop, saj priznava, da je človek sestavni del narave in da je sodelovanje med naravo in človekom nepogrešljivo.
Indeed, many sites in Natura 2000 are valuable preciselybecause of the way they have been managed up to now.In such cases, it will be important to ensure that thesesorts of activities (e.g. extensive farming) can continueinto the future.
Veliko območij iz omrežja Natura 2000 je dragocenih ravno zaradi načina njihovega dosedanjega upravljanja. V takšnih primerih je pomembno zagotoviti, da se bodo te vrste dejavnosti (npr. ekstenzivno kmetovanje) lahko opravljale tudi v prihodnosti.
So, whilst there will certainly be some strict naturereserves in the Network where human uses are limitedfor the sake of the rare wildlife and habitats present, themajority of Natura 2000 sites will continue to bemanaged, taking into account the vulnerable habitatsand species present.
Kljub temu, da bo v omrežju zagotovo nekaj naravnih rezervatov, kjer bodo človeške dejavnosti omejene zaradi redkih prostoživečih živali in obstoječih habitatov, ki so tam prisotni, se bo večino območij Natura 2000 še naprej uporabljalo ter pri tem upoštevalo ogrožene habitate in obstoječe vrste.
In this way Natura 2000 supports the principle ofsustainable development.
Na tak način Natura 2000 podpira načelo trajnostnega razvoja.
Its aim is not to stop economicactivities altogether, but rather to set the parameters bywhich these can take place whilst safeguarding Europe’sbiodiversity.
Njen namen ni odprava gospodarskih dejavnosti, ampak določitev parametrov, ki omogočajo skladnost med gospodarskimi dejavnostmi in varovanjem evropske biološke raznovrstnosti.
WHAT ARE THE OBLIGATIONS ON NATURA 2000 SITES?
KAKŠNE SO OBVEZNOSTI OBMOČIJ NATURA 2000?
Within Natura 2000 areas, Member States must ensure that:• activities are avoided that could signicantly disturb the species or deteriorate the habitats for which the site is designated.• positive measures are taken, where necessary, to maintain and restore the habitats and species to a‘favourable conservation state’
Na območjih Natura 2000 morajo države članice zagotoviti: • da se bodo izogibale dejavnostim, ki lahko močno vznemirjajo vrste ali poslabšajo habitate, za katere je območje vzpostavljeno,• da bodo sprejele pozitivne ukrepe, kjer je potrebno, in ohranile ter obnovile„ugodno ohranitveno stanje“ habitatov in vrst.
In addition, Natura 2000 sites should be protected from any new development projects or major changes in land-use that could seriously damage their nature values, unless these developments are of overriding public interest and adequate compensation measures are taken.
Poleg tega morajo biti območja Natura 2000 zavarovana pred novimi razvojnimi projekti ali velikimi spremembami pri uporabi zemlje, ki bi lahko resno prizadele njihovo naravno bogastvo, razen če so ti projekti v prevladujočem javnem interesu in so bili sprejeti ustrezni ukrepi.
How these conditions are respected is for each Member State to decide. Nevertheless, all conservation measures must take into account the economic, social and cultural as well as regional and local characteristics of the sites in question.
Čeprav se mora vsaka država članica sama odločiti, kako bo upoštevala te pogoje, morajo vsi ohranitveni ukrepi upoštevati gospodarske, socialne in kulturne ter tudi regionalne in lokalne značilnosti zadevnih območij.
DEALINGWITH LARGE SCALE DEVELOPMENTS Development projects that involve signicant changes to the way the land is used within a Natura 2000 site (e.g. construction of a new road, turning a meadow into a commercial forest plantation) must be first assessed to determine whether the project is likely to have a signicant eect on the site’s nature values. If the impact is not considered signicant the project can go ahead.
V celotni Evropi je že mogoče videti primere, kako Natura 2000 dejansko deluje.
If the eect is expected to be signicant then alternative less damaging options must be fully explored and selected – e.g. changing the route of the new road, choosing another site outside Natura 2000.
Vseeno bodo morda pozneje potrebne bistvene spremembe, da se prepreči nadaljnje propadanje območij ali se jih pomaga vrniti v ugodno stanje.
In exceptional cases damaging projects within Natura 2000 can still go ahead if they are considered to be of overriding public interest and no viable alternatives exist.
OBRAVNAVANJEVELIKIH RAZVOJNIH PROJEKTOVRazvojne projekte, ki vključujejo znatne spremembe načina uporabe zemljišč na območju Natura 2000 (npr. gradnjo nove ceste, preoblikovanje travnika v gospodarski gozdni nasad), je treba najprej oceniti, da se ugotovi, ali obstaja velika verjetnost, da bo imel projekt pomemben vpliv na naravno bogastvo območja. Če je vpliv ocenjen za nepomembnega, se lahko projekt izvede.
In such cases, compensation measures will need to be taken in order to ensure that the Natura 2000 Network is not compromised.
V takšnih primerih je treba sprejeti nadomestne ukrepe, ki bodo zagotovili, da omrežje Natura 2000 ne bo ogroženo.
In all cases, it is essential that those who live and work in Natura 2000 sites are closely involved in decisions overtheir long term management.
V vseh primerih je ključno, da ljudje, ki živijo in delajo na območjih Natura 2000, sodelujejo pri sprejemanju odločitev o dolgoročnem upravljanju.
From private landownersand users, government authorities, industries, torecreational groups, conservationists, local communitiesand concerned citizens – everyone has an important role to play in making Natura 2000 a success and in halting the loss of biodiversity.
Zasebni lastniki zemljišč in uporabniki, vladni organi, industrija, rekreativne skupine, okoljevarstveniki, lokalne skupnosti in posamezni državljani – vsi imajo pomembno vlogo pri uspešnosti Nature 2000 ter pri preprečevanju izgube biotske raznovrstnosti.
MANAGING FORESTS SUSTAINABLY IN EASTERN GERMANYCovering 150 km, the Hainich beech forest is one of the largest of its kind in Europe.
TRAJNOSTNO UPRAVLJANJE GOZDOV V VZHODNI NEMČIJIBukov gozd v nacionalnem parku Hainich obsega 150 km in je eden največjih te vrste v Evropi.
After German reunication, the regional government ofThuringia declared signicant parts a national park and Natura 2000 site in order to prevent over-exploitation.The Association of private landowners who own much of the communal land was initially strongly opposed to this designation, fearing that it would prevent them from using the forest for economic purposes.
Po ponovni združitvi Nemčije je regionalna vladaThuringie velik del razglasila za nacionalni park in območje Natura 2000, da bi preprečila čezmerno izkoriščanje.
But the conservation authorities soon allayed their fears: the association practices a form of selective forestry, involving the removal of mature trees through a rotation system, which is compatible with the conservation of the forests’biodiversity.
Združenje zasebnih lastnikov zemljišč, ki imajo v lasti večino občinskih zemljišč, je tej ureditvi najprej močno nasprotovalo, saj so se bali, da ne bodo več mogli uporabljati gozda za gospodarske namene.Vendar so organi, pristojni za ohranjanje narave, kmalu pokazali, da je ta strah odveč: združenje se ukvarja s selektivnim gozdarstvom, ki vključuje podiranje odraslih dreves po sistemu rotacije, ki ohranja biološko raznovrstnost gozdov.
A management agreement was drawn up between the two parties to agree on how to exploit the forest’s resources whilst safeguarding the valuable habitats and species present.
Med obema stranema je bil sklenjen sporazum o upravljanju, ki določa, kako je treba izkoriščati vire gozda in hkrati ohranjati dragocene obstoječe habitate in vrste.
Thanks to this agreement, the foresters continue to earn a living from their forest without the competition of largescale clear cutting operations.
Na podlagi tega sporazuma se gozdarji lahko še naprej preživljajo s svojimi gozdovi brez konkurence obsežnih dejavnosti poseka.
FARMING THE STEPPES OF CASTROVERDE, PORTUGAL On the vast steppic plains of Castro Verde in southern Portugal the traditional farming system is based on non irrigated extensive cereal production, laid fallow every 2–3 years.
KMETOVANJE V STEPAH CASTRAVERDE, PORTUGALSKAV širnih stepah CastraVerde na jugu Portugalske temelji tradicionalni sistem kmetovanja na ekstenzivni proizvodnji žit brez namakanja s puščanjem njiv v prahi vsake 2–3 leta.
The resulting semi-natural steppic habitats are of immense nature conservation value, particularly for birds.
Nastali polnaravni stepski habitati so zelo pomembni za ohranjanje narave, zlasti za ptice.
KEEPING THE WATER CLEAN AND HEALTHY IN FRANCE
OHRANJANJE ČISTE IN ZDRAVE VODE V FRANCIJI
Much of this comes from the Loire which starts life high up in the Massif Central.
Večji del je priteče iz reke Loare, ki izvira visoko v Centralnem masivu.
One of the tributaries of the Loire, the Allier, provides 70% of the drinking water for inhabitants living in and around the city of Clermont Ferrand.
Eden od pritokov Loare, Allier, zagotavlja prebivalcem mesta Clermont Ferrand in njegove okolice 70 % pitne vode.
In order to ensure that the water quality remains of a high enough standard for human consumption, the town council created special protection zones around the abstraction sites. This requires a good deal of control and management, so when most of the site was also included in Natura 2000 because of its remarkable alluvial forests, the authorities turned to the local conservation group for help.
Da bi kakovost vode ostala na dovolj visoki ravni za človeško uporabo, je mestni svet zavaroval predele okrog območij pridobivanja.To zahteva veliko nadzora in organizacije, zato so ob vključitvi večjega dela območja v Naturo 2000 zaradi njegovih čudovitih obrečnih gozdov lokalni organi za pomoč zaprosili lokalno skupino za ohranjanje narave.
A management agreement was signed between the two parties identifying what should done in the area in order to guarantee the water quality and maintain the area’s rich natural values.
Obe strani sta podpisali sporazum o upravljanju in določili, kakšne ukrepe je treba sprejeti, da se zagotovi kakovost vode in ohranja naravno bogastvo.
As a result the local inhabitants of Clermont Ferrand not only have a constant source of clean water but also an attractive nature reserve on their doorstep.
Posledica tega sporazuma je, da imajo prebivalci mesta Clermont Ferrand zagotovljeno stalno oskrbo s čisto vodo in zanimiv naravni rezervat.
RESTORING WETLANDS INWESTERN GREECE
OBNAVLJANJE MOČVIRJAV ZAHODNI GRČIJI
In the 1980s, parts of the delta were drained for agriculture but this was not a success, the water table became too salty.
V 80-ih letih so del delte izsušili za uporabo v kmetijske namene, vendar to ni bilo uspešno, saj je vodni vir postal preslan.
The regional Development Agency decided instead to concentrate on making best use of the area’s natural assets.With an international reputation as a biodiversity hotspot, the Delta was ideally placed to capitalise on the emerging eco-tourism market.
Regionalna agencija za razvoj se je zato odločila, da se bo raje osredotočila na boljše izkoriščanje naravnega bogastva območja. Zaradi svojega slovesa kot območja velike biološke raznovrstnosti je Delta lahko izkoristila svoj položaj na nastajajočem trgu ekoturizma.
Having restored significant parts of the delta back to their original state, an integrated management plan was developed with local stakeholders to promote land-uses and eco-tourism initiatives that are compatible with the principles of Natura 2000.
Ob ponovni vzpostavitvi izvornega stanja pomembnih delov delte so lokalne interesne skupine izdelale usklajen organizacijski načrt za pospeševanje pobud za rabo zemljišč in ekoturizem, ki so v skladu z načeli Nature 2000.
Judging by the strong local support and the steady influx of nature tourists this new vision for Amvrakikos is beginning to pay o.
Zaradi močne lokalne podpore in stalnih obiskov turistov je nova vizija v Amvrakikosu že obrodila sadove.
Situated way out in the Atlantic, the deep waters around the Azores teem with an abundant marine life.The archipelago is one of the best places in Europe to see whales and dolphins.
Azori so daleč v Atlantskem oceanu, kjer ima globoko morje bogato morsko življenje. Otočje je eno najprimernejših območij v Evropi za opazovanje kitov in del nov.
Such a valuable natural asset has great potential for eco-tourism but could harm the animals if not handled properly.To ensure that local whale watching operations are run professionally, the Azores government introduced a mandatory code of conduct for operating in Natura 2000 marine areas.
Tako dragoceno naravno bogastvo ima veliko možnosti za ekoturizem, ki bi živalim ob neustreznem ravnanju lahko škodoval. Da bi lokalno opazovanje kitov potekalo na profesionalni ravni, je azorska vlada uvedla obvezen kodeks ravnanja za dejavnosti na morskih območjih Nature 2000.
The Aragon region produces much of Spain’s electricity.
Sčasoma so travnike zaradi intenzivnega kmetijstva sistematično izsušili.
Unfortunately, the extensive network of power lines and cables are a major cause of mortality for highly threatened birds such as the bearded vulture.
Po razpadu trga intenzivne proizvodnje travnih plošč je moralo lokalno kmečko združenje poiskati nadomesten vir dohodka.
Many end up electrocuted after colliding with the high voltage lines.To address this problem, the regional government is working closely with electricity companies to adjust over 350 km of powerlines in Natura 2000 sites so that they are rendered safe for birds.
Območje se jim je zdelo najbolj primerno za ekstenzivno pašo in košenje, zaradi česar bi lahko prejelo finančno pomoč iz kmetijsko-okoljskih shem, če bi se travniki lahko ponovno namakali.
Since the start of this cooperation, there has been a dramatic decline in the death tolls.
Organi, odgovorni za ohranjanje narave, so začeli z obnovo travnikov in jih vrnili v naravno stanje.
Some birds have even taken to nesting on the high electricity towers.The electricity companies have agreed to run all new cables underground from now on.
Več kot 250 kmetov je zaprosilo za pomoč iz kmetijsko-okoljskih shem, ki nudijo 1 milijon EUR pomoči letno. Njihova prihodnost je varnejša in obdelovanje mokrih travnikov je ponovno v skladu z naravo.
LEARNINGTO LIVE WITH LARGE CARNIVORES IN ROMANIA
GOZDARSTVO IN OHRANJANJE NARAVE NA FINSKEM
CONSERVATION SUPPORTS LOCAL FARMING IN DENMARK
ORGANI ZAVODOGRADNJO PONOVNOVZPOSTAVLJAJO REČNE OKLJUKE AVSTRIJSKIH REK
TheVrancea mountain range hosts the second densest population of large carnivores in Romania, and possibly also in the EU.
Sčasoma je postalo razvidno, da ta velika tehnična rešitev povzroča več škode kot koristi in to ne le prostoživečim živalim in rastlinam.
People here have, over the centuries, found ways to co-habit in relative harmony with these large, potentially dangerous predators.
Brez naravnih rečnih okljukov in rečnega habitata je reka tekla veliko hitreje, kar je povzročalo hitro erozijo rečne struge.
However, in recent times, many of the traditional safeguards used to protect land and livestock have been neglected, with a resulting increase in sheep predation.
Da bi lahko ovrednotili uspeh delovanja omrežja Natura 2000 bo treba redno spremljati habitate in vrste, ki so navedene v obeh direktivah EU o naravi, da se ugotovi stanje njihove ohranjenosti.
After accession to the EU, the Environmental Protection Agency set up a local intervention unit to help farmers protect their livestock again and to compensate them for any losses incurred.These will eventually be included in the EU’s Rural Development funds for Romania.
Vsakih šest let Komisija pozove države članice, da poročajo Komisiji o stanju vrst in habitatov v svojih državah ter o ukrepih za njihovo ohranitev. Komisija lahko nato te podatke prouči na biogeografski ravni in ugotovi skupne lastnosti posamezne vrste ali posameznega habitata v EU.
The Agency is also helping to diversify the local economy by promoting the region as a prime wildlife watching destination.
To bo pomagalo določiti celoten uspeh omrežja Natura 2000 in problemska območja, kjer bi bilo treba prizadevanje za ohranjanje narave pospešiti.
Here at least large carnivores and humans have found ways to co-habit.
NOVA MOŽNOSTI ZA PREŽIVETJE REDKIH ENDEMIČNIH RIB
TheVarde river valley was once a complex patchwork of salt meadows of high biodiversity value.
Na otoku Rodos živi redka sladkovodna riba gizani, ki ne živi nikjer drugje na svetu.
Over time these were systematically drained to make way for intensive agriculture but when the market for intensively produced grass pellets collapsed the local Farmer’s Union had to look for alternative sources of income.
Ta majhna žival ima veliko sposobnost preživetja. Vse življenje preživi v sladkovodnih tokovih, studencih in majhnih bazenih ter se pozimi bori za preživetje pri temperaturah pod lediščem, poleti pa v vročinskih valovih in sušah.Večina habitatov na tem območju je zdaj zaščitenih z Naturo 2000.
They found that the area would be ideally suited to extensive grazing and mowing, which could receive financial support under agri-environmental schemes, if only the meadows could be re-wetted.
Sprejeti so bili predpisi za nadzor odvzema vode in katerega koli drugih škodljivih dejavnosti. Nedavne raziskave spremljanja so pokazale, da se je gizani zaradi tega opomogel.
Enter the conservation authorities who took on the work of restoring the meadows to their original natural state.
Njegov boj za preživetje je osvojil srca prebivalcev in turistov.V njegovo čast so postavili središče za obiskovalce.
Over 250 farmers signed up for agri-environment schemes worth €1 million a year.
Eno zadnjih zatočišč vrst netopirjev v Severni Evropi so obmejne regije Belgije, Luksemburga in Nemčije.
Their future is now more secure and the wet meadows are once again managed with nature in mind.
Odziv netopirjev je dober: populacija na območjih Nature 2000 je prvič v 50 letih nespremenjena.
FORESTRY AND CONSERVATION IN FINLAND
KRALJEVSKI OREL SPET LETI NAD MADŽARSKO
Central Finland is at the heart of the country’s timber industry.
Domovanje orlov v EU je na Madžarskem, vendar jih je do 1980 preostalo le 10–20 parov.
Here most of the forest is in private hands and any restriction on its use due to Natura 2000 designation is unlikely to be well received.
Zaradi teh prizadevanjem se je populacija kraljevskih orlov do leta 2005 spet povečala na 75–80 parov.
The Regional Environment Board decided that the best way to persuade private foresters to accept Natura 2000 was too er them the option of having a management plan drawn up for their forest.
Gamsi iz gorovja Abruzzo so se nekoč svobodno pasli v visokogorju Apeninov v osrednji Italiji, toda prekomeren lov in izguba habitata sta endemične podvrste pripeljala na rob preživetja. Do sredine 50-ih let se je njihova populacija zmanjšala na 20 živali.
Such a practical tool not only helped the owner manage his resource more efficiently and protably but also helped to dissipate the myth that Natura 2000 meant taking all the forest out of production.
Organi, odgovorni za ohranjanje narave, so se zato odločili, da na območju postavijo vzrejališča in začnejo gamse ponovno naseljevati v skrbno izbrane predele Apeninov.
Here was proof to the contrary.
Sledilo je obširno ozaveščanje in uveden je bil strožji nadzor nad lovljenjem in turizmom.
RIVER AUTHORITIES PUTTHE BENDS BACK INTO AUSTRIAN RIVERS
VVELIKI BRITANIJI SE SPET OGLAŠAJOVELIKE BOBNARICE