natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
SUMMARY — CASE C-276/07
POVZETEK – ZADEVA C-276/07
As provided in Article 39(2) EC, freedom of movement for workers entails the abolition of any discrimination based on nationality between workers of the Member States as regards employment, remuneration and other conditions of work and employment.
V skladu s členom 39(2) ES prosto gibanje delavcev vključuje odpravo vsakr�ne diskriminacije na podlagi državljanstva delavcev držav članic v zvezi z zaposlitvijo, plačilom in drugimi delovnimi pogoji.
Observance of the principle of equal treatment, of which Article 39 EC is a specific expression, requires that comparable situations should not be treated differently and that different situations should not be treated in the same way, unless such treatment is objectively justified.
V skladu z načelom enakega obravnavanja, ki je posebej izraženo v členu 39 ES, se zahteva, naj se primerljivi položaji ne obravnavajo različno in naj se različni položaji ne obravnavajo enako, razen če je tako obravnavanje objektivno utemeljeno.
lation, to determine whether there exists any continuity linking the duties performed as an exchange assistant and those performed as a linguistic associate.
nacionalne zakonodaje, ugotoviti obstoj stalne zveze med nalogami, ki jih je opravljal kot lektor na izmenjavi, in tistimi, ki ji jih je opravljal kot jezikoslovni sodelavec.
In carrying out that assessment, the national court must determine, first, whether the duties involved in the work carried out by exchange assistants are the same as those involved in the work carried out by linguistic associates, having particular regard to the definition of the pedagogical profile of the foreignlanguage teaching courses and to the evaluation of the students’ knowledge and, second, whether the two kinds of duties in question meet the same teaching needs.
Navedeno sodi�če mora pri tej presoji preveriti, prvič, ali imata poklicna dejavnost, ki jo opravljajo lektorji na izmenjavi, in poklicna dejavnost, ki jo opravljajo jezikoslovni sodelavci, enako funkcionalno vsebino, zlasti v zvezi z opredelitvijo pedago�kih vrednosti jezikovnih tečajev in v zvezi s preizkusi znanja �tudentov, in, drugič, ali obe vrsti zadevnih nalog zadovoljujeta iste potrebe poučevanja.
If the national court should find that there is such continuity, despite the temporary interruption of the employment relationship with the employer, it would be necessary to consider whether a national worker placed in a comparable situation would have been entitled to the recognition of rights acquired since the date of his first recruitment.
Če bi predložitveno sodi�če ugotovilo, da obstaja taka stalna zveza kljub začasni prekinitvi delovnega razmerja s svojim delodajalcem, bi bilo treba nujno preučiti, ali bi bile domačemu delavcu v primerljivem položaju priznane vse njegove pravice, ki jih je pridobil od dneva svoje prve zaposlitve.
In this respect, only an analysis concentrating on the substance, rather than the form, of statutory schemes will make it possible to establish whether their actual application to different categories of workers in comparable legal situations leads to situations which are compatible or, in contrast, incompatible with the fundamental principle of nondiscrimination on grounds of nationality.
V zvezi s tem je mogoče le s podrobno analizo vsebine in ne oblike zakonskih ureditev ugotoviti, ali njihova dejanska uporaba za različne kategorije delavcev, ki so postavljeni v primerljive pravne položaje, vodi do položajev, ki so združljivi ali, nasprotno, nezdružljivi s temeljnim načelom prepovedi diskriminacije na podlagi državljanstva.
In that regard, if national workers are entitled, under domestic legislation, to reinstatement from the point of view of increases in salary, seniority and the payment by the employer of social security contributions, from the date of their original recruitment, former foreignlanguage assistants who have become linguistic associates must also be entitled to similar reinstatement with effect from the date of their original recruitment.
Če imajo domači delavci na podlagi nacionalne zakonodaje pravico do obnovitve svoje kariere z vidika povi�anja plače, delovne dobe in prispevkov za socialno varnost, ki jih je plačal delodajalec, od dneva svoje prve zaposlitve, morajo imeti tudi nekdanji lektorji za tuji jezik, ki so postali jezikoslovni sodelavci, pravico do podobne obnovitve z učinkom od dneva njihove prve zaposlitve.
When application of that domestic legislation to national workers presupposes continuation of the employment relationship between employer and workers, it is for the national court, which alone has jurisdiction to assess the facts and to interpret the national legis-
Ker se pri uporabi nacionalne zakonodaje za domače delavce domneva nadaljevanje delovnih razmerij med delodajalcem in delavci, mora nacionalno sodi�če, ki je edino pristojno za presojo dejstev in za razlago
It is therefore contrary to Article 39(2) EC that, when a fixedterm contract of employment as an exchange assistant is replaced by a contract of employment for an indefi-
Zato člen 39(2) ES nasprotuje temu, da se osebi, ki je v položaju, kot je opisan zgoraj, ob zamenjavi pogodbe o zaposlitvi za določen
DELAY recognition, which it is for the national court to ascertain.
DELAY takega priznanja, kar mora preveriti predložitveno sodi�če.
nite period as a linguistic associate, a person in the position described above should be refused recognition of the rights acquired since the date of her first recruitment, with consequences with regard to remuneration, the account to be taken of seniority and the payment, by the employer, of contributions to a social security scheme, inasmuch as a national worker placed in a comparable situation would have been entitled to such
čas lektorja na izmenjavi s pogodbo o zaposlitvi za nedoločen čas jezikoslovnega sodelavca in strokovnjaka za materni jezik zavrne priznanje pravic, pridobljenih od dneva njene prve zaposlitve glede povi�anja plače, delovne dobe in prispevkov za socialno varnost, ki jih je plačal delodajalec, ker bi bil domači delavec v primerljivem položaju deležen ugodnosti
(see paras 18, 19, 23, 24, 26-30, operative part)
(Glej točke 18, 19, 23, 24 in od 26 do 30 ter izrek.)
2008 — CASE C-276/07
2008 – ZADEVA C-276/07
JUDGMENT OF THE COURT (Seventh Chamber)15 May 2008 *
SODBA SODIŠČA (sedmi senat) z dne 15. maja 2008 *
REFERENCE for a preliminary ruling under Article 234 EC, from the Corte d’appello di Firenze (Italy), made by decision of 18 May 2007, received at the Court on 11 June 2007, in the proceedings
V zadevi C-276/07, katere predmet je predlog za sprejetje predhodne odločbe na podlagi člena 234 ES, ki ga je vložilo Corte d’appello di Firenze (Italija) z odločbo z dne 18. maja 2007, ki je prispela na Sodi�če 11. junija 2007, v postopku
Advocate General: J. Mazák, Registrar: K. Sztranc-Sławiczek, Administrator, having regard to the written procedure and further to the hearing on 6 March 2008, after considering the observations submitted on behalf of:
Mazák, sodna tajnica: K. Sztranc-Sławiczek, administratorka, na podlagi pisnega postopka in obravnave z dne 6. marca 2008, ob upo�tevanju stali�č, ki so jih predložili:
2008 — CASE C-276/07 gives the following
2008 – ZADEVA C-276/07 izreka naslednjo
This reference for a preliminary ruling concerns the interpretation of Article 39 EC.
Predlog za sprejetje predhodne odločbe se nana�a na razlago člena 39 ES.
The reference was made in the course of proceedings between Ms Delay and the Università degli studi di Firenze (University of Florence), the Istituto nazionale della previdenza sociale (INPS) (National Institute of social insurance) and the Italian Republic concerning the recognition of her rights acquired while performing the duties of an exchange assistant.
Ta predlog je bil vložen v okviru spora med N. Delay ter Università degli studi di Firenze, Istituto nazionale della previdenza sociale (INPS) in Italijansko republiko glede priznanja njenih pravic, ki jih je pridobila ob izvajanju nalog lektorja na izmenjavi.
The relevant provisions of national law
Nacionalna ureditev
Article 24 of Law No 62/1967 provides:
Člen 24 zakona �t. 62/1967 določa:
In accordance with duly ratified cultural agreements, annual appointments, renewable in subsequent years, may be conferred on foreign nationals in derogation from the last subparagraph of Article 13 of Law No 349 of 18 March 1958, corresponding to posts for tenured assistants.
Tuje državljane je mogoče v skladu z nekaterimi pravilno ratificiranimi sporazumi o kulturni izmenjavi zaposliti kot predavatelje s skraj�anim delovnim časom za obdobje enega leta, z možnostjo podalj�anja, katerih delovno mesto z odstopanjem od člena 13, zadnji odstavek, zakona �t. 349 z dne 18. marca 1958 ustreza delovnemu mestu rednih lektorjev.
The appointment shall be made by decision of the Rector, after deliberation by the Faculty and School, on a proposal by the professor holding the relevant chair who shall select from a list drawn up by the authorities of the country of origin.
Zaposlitev teh predavateljev s kraj�im delovnim časom se opravi z odločbo rektorja, po posvetovanju s fakultetami in �olami ter na predlog predstojnika katedre, ki opravi izbor s seznama treh oseb, ki ga pripravijo pristojni organi države izvora.
The documents usually required shall be replaced by statements by the competent diplomatic authorities certifying that the person selected satisfies all the conditions, including possession of diplomas, required for the post of university assistant in the competent country of origin.
Običajni dokumenti se nadomestijo z izjavami pristojnih diplomatskih organov, ki potrjujejo, da izbrana oseba izpolnjuje vse pogoje, vključno s spričevali, ki jih zahteva služba univerze za zaposlitev lektorjev v pristojni državi izvora.
Foreign nationals may be appointed, in accordance with the same rules as in the subparagraphs above, and again in accordance with duly ratified cultural agreements, to special posts of foreignlanguage and foreign-literature and -language assistant in addition to tenured assistant posts. Appointment to such posts shall be subject to authorisation by the Minister for public education.
Na podlagi podrobnih pravil iz zgoraj navedenih odstavkov in v skladu s pravilno ratificiranimi sporazumi o kulturni izmenjavi je mogoče redne lektorje za jezik in književnost ter tuji jezik nadomestiti z zaposlitvijo tujih državljanov na delovno mesto lektorjev s kraj�im delovnim časom, na podlagi odobritve ministrstva za javno izobraževanje.
‘Within the funding limits laid down …, Rectors may engage on contracts governed by private law, upon reasoned proposals from the faculty concerned in order to meet the actual needs for practice of students attending language courses, if necessary not covered by specific international agreements, assistants of foreign mother tongue of proved and recognised competence, verified by the faculty, the number of such assistants not exceeding the ratio of 1 assistant to 150 students actually attending the course. …
„V okviru dogovorjenega financiranja […] lahko rektorji, da bi zadovoljili dejanske potrebe �tudentov, ki obiskujejo jezikovne tečaje, s pogodbo zasebnega prava na obrazložen predlog zainteresirane fakultete, če je potrebno, zunaj posebnih mednarodnih sporazumov zaposlijo lektorje tujega maternega jezika z dokazano in priznano strokovno usposobljenostjo, ki jo potrdi fakulteta, pri čemer njihovo �tevilo ne sme presegati razmerja 1 proti 150 med lektorjem in �tudenti, ki dejansko obiskujejo tečaj. […]
The contracts referred to in the first paragraph may not be extended beyond the academic year for which they are concluded and may be renewed annually for a maximum period of five years. …’
Pogodb iz prvega odstavka ni mogoče podalj�ati dlje od obdobja akademskega leta, za katero so bile ustanovljene, in jih je mogoče vsako leto obnoviti, vendar na največ pet let. […]“
Law No 236/95 laid down four fundamental rules:
236/95 so se določila �tiri bistvena pravila:
(a) the post of foreignlanguage assistant, as established by Article 28 of DPR No 382/80, was abolished and replaced by that of ‘associate and mother-tongue linguistic expert’ (‘linguistic associate’);
— delovno mesto lektorja za tuji materni jezik, kot je določeno v členu 28 dekreta predsednika republike �t. 382 z dne 11. julija 1980, se ukine in nadomesti z delovnim mestom „jezikoslovnega sodelavca in strokovnjaka za materni jezik“ (v nadaljevanju: jezikoslovni sodelavec);
(b) linguistic associates are to be engaged by universities on the basis of an employment contract governed by private law (and no longer on a selfemployed basis), usually concluded for an indeterminate period and, in exceptional circumstances, in order to meet temporary requirements, for a fixed term;
— univerze zaposlijo jezikoslovne sodelavce na podlagi pogodbe o delu zasebnega prava (in ne več kot samozaposlene), običajno sklenjene za nedoločen čas in izjemoma, za zadovoljevanje začasnih potreb, za določen čas;
(c) linguistic associates are to be engaged following a public selection procedure, the detailed rules of which are laid down by universities according to their respective statutes;
— zaposlitev jezikoslovnih sodelavcev se izvede v okviru postopka javnega izbora, katerega podrobna pravila določijo univerze na podlagi svoje ureditve;
(d) those who were previously foreignlanguage assistants, and persons who have reached the end of their contract, unless the non-renewal of the contract is due to the person’s lack of aptitude or to the removal of the post, are entitled to a preferential right of employment and, in addition, they retain, under Article 4(3) of Law No 236/95, the rights acquired in the course of previous employment relationships.
— pogodbeni lektorji za tuji materni jezik in osebe, ki jim je pogodba potekla, imajo – razen če podalj�anje pogodbe ni mogoče zaradi osebne neprimernosti ali ukinitve delovnega mesta – pravico do prednostne zaposlitve in poleg tega na podlagi člena 4, tretji odstavek, zakona �t. 236/95 ohranijo pravice, pridobljene v okviru prej�njih delovnih razmerij.
4) provides:
4) določa:
‘In compliance with the judgment delivered by the Court of Justice … on 26 June 2001 in Case C-212/99 [Commission v Italy [2001] ECR I-4923], the financial treatment of linguistic associates, former foreignlanguage assistants … at the universities of La Basilicata, Milan, Palermo, Pisa, “La Sapienza” in Rome, and the Eastern
„Z izvr�itvijo sodbe [z dne 26. junija 2001 v zadevi Komisija proti Italiji (C-212/99, Recueil, str. I-4923)] Sodi�ča […], se jezikoslovnim sodelavcem, nekdanjim lektorjem za tuj[i materni] jezik na univerzah v Basilicatu, Milanu, Palermu, Pisi, ‚La Sapienza‘
University Institute in Naples … shall correspond to that afforded to part-time tenured researchers, on a pro rata basis according to the number of hours worked and on the basis that full-time employment is equal to 500 hours, with effect from the original date of recruitment, save where more advantageous treatment may be afforded; …’
2008 – ZADEVA C-276/07 v Rimu in ‚L’Orientale‘ v Neaplju […] v sorazmerju s �tevilom opravljenega dela, ob upo�tevanju, da polni delovni čas vsebuje 500 ur, prizna plačilo, ki ustreza plačilu raziskovalcev za določen čas, in sicer od dneva prve zaposlitve, razen v primeru ugodnej�ih plačil; […]“
It is apparent from the decision for reference that the category of exchange assistants has never been abolished.
Iz predložitvene odločbe izhaja, da kategorija lektorjev na izmenjavi ni bila nikoli ukinjena.
Ms Delay, a Belgian citizen, was employed as an exchange assistant by the Università degli Studi di Firenze from 1 November 1986 to 31 October 1994 under fixedterm contracts successively renewed.
Belgijska državljanka N. Delay je bila zaposlena kot lektorica na izmenjavi na Università degli studi di Firenze od 1. novembra 1986 do 31. oktobra 1994 na podlagi več zaporednih pogodb za določen čas. N. Delay se je najprej udeležila natečaja, ki ga je organiziral commissariat général aux relations internationales de Bruxelles (generalni komisariat za mednarodne odnose v Bruslju) za lektorje za francoski jezik in francosko književnost.
Then, Ms Delay having being successful, her curriculum vitae was sent to the university in question, together with the names of other successful candidates, so that the university should choose an exchange assistant.
Potem ko je uspe�no opravila natečaj, je bil njen življenjepis skupaj z imeni drugih uspe�nih udeležencev posredovan navedeni univerzi, da bi ta lahko izbrala lektorja na izmenjavi.
On 31 October 1994 her contract was not renewed, her name no longer appearing in the list supplied to the Università degli studi di Firenze by the Belgian authorities.
Ker njena pogodba 31. oktobra 1994 ni bila podalj�ana, njenega imena ni bilo več na seznamu, ki so ga belgijski organi posredovali Università degli studi di Firenze.
Although her duties were similar, the remuneration payable under the new system was less than that previously received by Ms Delay.
Kljub enakosti delovnih mest je bil osebni prejemek, uveden z novo ureditvijo, manj�i od plače, ki jo je N. Delay prejemala prej.
In essence, she claimed to be entitled to be covered by the rules laid down in Decree-Law No 2 of 14 January 2004 on the recognition of the rights acquired by former foreignlanguage assistants.
Delay je v bistvu želela pridobiti ugodnosti v zvezi s priznanjem pridobljenih pravic za nekdanje lektorje za tuji materni jezik, predvidenim z zakonskim dekretom �t. 2 z dne 14. januarja 2004.
The Tribunale di Firenze dismissed her action, taking the view, in particular, that exchange assistants formed a category quite separate from that of foreignlanguage assistants, remaining subject to special legislation.
Tribunale di Firenze je njeno zahtevo zavrnilo, pri čemer je zlasti ugotovilo, da lektorji na izmenjavi niso ista kategorija kot lektorji za tuji materni jezik, ki se jih �e naprej obravnava v skladu s posebno ureditvijo.
2008 — CASE C-276/07 principles set out by the Court in its judgment in Case C-119/04 Commission v Italy [2006] ECR I-6885 had been observed in the case of exchange assistants, has decided to stay proceedings and to refer the following question to the Court for a preliminary ruling:
2008 – ZADEVA C-276/07 v sodbi z dne 18. julija 2006 v zadevi Komisija proti Italiji (C-119/04, ZOdl., str. I-6885), in je zato prekinilo odločanje in Sodi�ču v predhodno odločanje predložilo to vpra�anje:
‘On a proper construction of Article 39 [EC] and secondary acts (in particular, the interpretations given in Case C-212/99 [Commission v Italy] and Case C-119/04 [Commission v Italy]), are the rules valid which are applied to so-called “exchange assistants”, who were previously bound by fixedterm contracts (under Law No 62/1967), and who, when such contracts are replaced by contracts of indefinite duration, are not guaranteed the protection of all their rights from the date of their original recruitment, in respect not only of salary increases but also of seniority and the payment by the employer of social security contributions?’
„Ali se člen 39 [ES] in sekundarni akti (zlasti razlage [zgoraj navedenih] sodb z dne 26. junija 2001 [Komisija proti Italiji] in z dne 18. julija 2006 [Komisija proti Italiji]) lahko razlagajo tako, da se �teje za zakonito ureditev, na podlagi katere ‚lektorjem na izmenjavi‘, ki so bili (v skladu z zakonom �t. 62/1967) zaposleni po pogodbi o zaposlitvi za določen čas, ob zamenjavi te pogodbe s pogodbo o zaposlitvi za nedoločen čas ni zagotovljena ohranitev vseh pravic, ki so jih pridobili od dneva svoje prve zaposlitve, ne le glede povi�anja njihovih plač, ampak tudi delovne dobe in prispevkov za socialno varnost, ki jih je plačal delodajalec?“
Concerning the question referred for a preliminary ruling
Vprašanje za predhodno odločanje
By this question the national court seeks, in substance, to ascertain whether it is contrary to Article 39 EC that, when a fixedterm contract of employment as an exchange assistant is replaced by a contract of employment for an indefinite period as a linguistic associate, a person in the position of the applicant in the main proceedings should be refused recognition of the rights acquired since the date of her first recruitment, with consequences with regard to remuneration, the account to be taken of seniority and the payment, by the employer, of contributions to a social security scheme.
Predložitveno sodi�če s tem vpra�anjem v bistvu želi izvedeti, ali člen 39(2) ES nasprotuje temu, da se osebi, ki je v takem položaju kot tožeča stranka v postopku v glavni stvari, ob zamenjavi pogodbe o zaposlitvi za določen čas lektorja na izmenjavi s pogodbo o zaposlitvi za nedoločen čas jezikoslovnega sodelavca zavrne priznanje pravic, pridobljenih od dneva njene prve zaposlitve, glede povi�anja plače, delovne dobe in prispevkov za socialno varnost, ki jih je plačal delodajalec.
It is to be borne in mind that, as provided for by Article 39(2) EC, freedom of movement for workers entails the abolition of any discrimination based on nationality between workers of the Member States as regards employment, remuneration and other conditions of work and employment.
Opozoriti je treba, da v skladu s členom 39(2) ES prosto gibanje vključuje odpravo vsakr�ne diskriminacije na podlagi državljanstva delavcev držav članic v zvezi z zaposlitvijo, plačilom in drugimi delovnimi in zaposlitvenimi pogoji.
The principle of equal treatment, of which Article 39 EC is a specific expression, requires that comparable situations should not be treated differently and that different situations should not be treated in the same way, unless such treatment is objectively justified (see, in particular, Case C-303/05 Advocaten voor de Wereld [2007] ECR I-3633, paragraph 56).
V skladu z načelom enakega obravnavanja, ki je posebej izraženo v členu 39 ES, naj se primerljivi položaji ne obravnavajo različno in naj se različni položaji ne obravnavajo enako, razen če je tako obravnavanje objektivno utemeljeno (glej zlasti sodbo z dne 3. maja 2007 v zadevi Advocaten voor de Wereld, C-303/05, ZOdl., str. I-3633, točka 56).
For it to be found that Ms Delay has been subject to discriminatory treatment it is therefore necessary to establish whether an Italian worker placed in a situation comparable to that of the applicant in the main proceedings would have been entitled to recognition of his rights acquired since the date of his first recruitment.
Za ugotovitev morebitnega diskriminatornega obravnavanja N. Delay je treba preveriti, ali bi bile domačemu delavcu, ki je v primerljivem položaju kot tožeča stranka v postopku v glavni stvari, priznane pravice, pridobljene od dneva njegove prve zaposlitve.
It is important to observe that, when a national worker whose employment relationship is governed by private law is entitled, by virtue of Law No 230/62, to have his fixedterm employment contract converted into one for an indefinite period, all his acquired rights are guaranteed from the date of his original recruitment.
Poudariti je treba, da če se domačemu delavcu, ki je v delovnem razmerju na podlagi pogodbe zasebnega prava, pogodba o zaposlitvi za določen čas na podlagi zakona �t. 230/62 zamenja s pogodbo o zaposlitvi za nedoločen čas, se ohranijo vse njegove pravice, ki jih je pridobil od dneva njegove prve zaposlitve.
That guarantee has consequences not only with regard to increases in salary, but also with regard to seniority and to payment, by the employer, of social security contributions.
To jamstvo ne učinkuje le v zvezi s povi�anjem plače, ampak tudi v zvezi z delovno dobo in prispevki za socialno varnost, ki jih je plačal delodajalec.