natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
, če ta podjetja gospodarske dejavnosti v smislu člena 9(1) drugega pododstavka Direktive 2006/112/ES ne izvajajo
, provided that they do not exercise any economic activity within the meaning of the second subparagraph of Article 9(1) of Directive 2006/112/EC
Ti dve možnosti sta najbolj očitna primera ob upoštevanju vrednosti in ekonomske življenjske dobe ter dejstva, da je večnamenska uporaba tovrstnega blaga v praksi običajna.
situations account for the most significant cases, given the value and economic lifetime of such property and the fact that mixed use of this type of property is a common practice.
V tem smislu je treba to pravilo uporabljati za nepremičnine, ki jih je pridobil davčni zavezanec, in pomembne storitve, ki se nanašajo na te pridobljene nepremičnine
In this context, this rule should be applied to immovable property that is supplied to the taxable person and important services relating to the property supplied
, ki so zaradi svoje ekonomske vrednosti lahko izenačene z nakupom nepremičnine
, which, by virtue of their economic value, can be assimilated to the acquisition of immovable property
Direktiva 2006/112/ES Naslov V – poglavje 1 – oddelek 4 – naslov
Directive 2006/112/EC Title V – Chapter 1 – Section 4 - title
Direktiva 2006/112/ES Člen 38 – odstavek 1 1.
Directive 2006/112/EC Article 38 – paragraph 1 1.
V primeru dobave zemeljskega plina po plinovodu ali z ladjo za prevoz zemeljskega plina
In the case of the supply of gas by pipeline or by vessel for transporting natural gas
, električne energije, energije za ogrevanje ali hlajenje prek omrežij daljinskega ogrevanja ali hlajenja davčnemu zavezancu preprodajalcu se za kraj dobave šteje kraj, kjer ima davčni zavezanec preprodajalec sedež svoje dejavnosti ali stalno poslovno enoto, za katero je blago dobavljeno, ali če ni takega sedeža dejavnosti ali stalne poslovne enote, kraj, kjer ima stalno prebivališče ali običajno prebiva.
, electricity and heat or refrigeration supplied by heat or refrigeration networks to a taxable dealer, the place of supply shall be deemed to be the place where that taxable dealer has established his business or has a fixed establishment for which the goods are supplied or, in the absence of such a place of business or fixed establishment, the place where he has his permanent address or usually resides.
Direktiva 2006/112/ES Člen 39 – odstavek 1
Directive 2006/112/EC Article 39 – paragraph 1
V primeru dobave zemeljskega plina po plinovodu ali z ladjo za prevoz zemeljskega plina
In the case of the supply of natural gas by pipeline or by vessel for transporting natural gas
, električne energije ali energije za ogrevanje ali hlajenje, kadar takšna dobava ni zajeta v členu 38, se za kraj dobave šteje kraj, kjer pridobitelj dejansko porabi in potroši blago.
, electricity and heat or refrigeration, where such a supply is not covered by Article 38, the place of supply shall be deemed to be the place where the customer effectively uses and consumes the goods.
Direktiva 2006/112/ES Člen 168 a − odstavek 1
Directive 2006/112/EC Article 168 a − paragraph 1
Zakonodajna resolucija Evropskega parlamenta z dne 8. julija 2008 o predlogu Sklepa Sveta o odobritvi Protokola o strateški presoji vplivov na okolje h Konvenciji UN/ECE iz Espooja iz leta 1991 o presoji čezmejnih vplivov na okolje v imenu Evropske skupnosti ( KOM(2008)0132 – C6-0161/2008 – 2008/0052(CNS) )
European Parliament legislative resolution of 8 July 2008 on the proposal for a Council decision on the approval on behalf of the European Community of the Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment to the 1991 UN/ECE Espoo Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context ( COM(2008)0132 – C6-0161/2008 – 2008/0052(CNS) )
ob upoštevanju predloga Sklepa Sveta ( KOM(2008)0132 ),
having regard to the proposal for a Council decision ( COM(2008)0132 ),
ob upoštevanju Protokola o strateški presoji vplivov na okolje h Konvenciji UN/ECE iz Espooja iz leta 1991 o presoji čezmejnih vplivov na okolje,
having regard to the Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment to the 1991 UN/ECE Espoo Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context,
ob upoštevanju prvega pododstavka člena 300(3) Pogodbe ES, na podlagi katerega se je Svet posvetoval s Parlamentom ( C6-0161/2008 ),
having regard to Article 300(3), first subparagraph, of the EC Treaty, pursuant to which the Council consulted Parliament ( C6-0161/2008 ),
ob upoštevanju poročila Odbora za okolje, javno zdravje in varnost hrane ( A6-0221/2008 ),
having regard to the report of the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety ( A6-0221/2008 ),
odobri sklenitev Protokola;
Approves conclusion of the protocol;
naroči svojemu predsedniku, naj stališče Parlamenta posreduje Svetu in Komisiji, vladam in parlamentom držav članic in Gospodarski komisiji Združenih narodov za Evropo.
Instructs its President to forward its position to the Council and the Commission, and to the governments and parliaments of the Member States and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.
Zakonodajna resolucija Evropskega parlamenta z dne 8. julija 2008 o predlogu Sklepa Sveta o sklenitvi v imenu Evropske skupnosti Protokola med Evropsko unijo, Evropsko skupnostjo, Švicarsko konfederacijo in Kneževino Lihtenštajn o pristopu Kneževine Lihtenštajn k Sporazumu med Evropsko unijo, Evropsko skupnostjo in Švicarsko konfederacijo o pridružitvi Švicarske konfederacije k izvajanju, uporabi in razvoju schengenskega pravnega reda ( KOM(2006)0752 – C6-0089/2008 – 2006/0251(CNS) )
European Parliament legislative resolution of 8 July 2008 on the proposal for a Council decision on the conclusion, on behalf of the European Community, of the Protocol between the European Union, the European Community, the Swiss Confederation and the Principality of Liechtenstein on the accession of the Principality of Liechtenstein to the Agreement between the European Union, the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on the Swiss Confederation's association with the implementation, application and development of the Schengen acquis ( COM(2006)0752 – C6-0089/2008 – 2006/0251(CNS) )
ob upoštevanju predloga Sklepa Sveta ( KOM(2006)0752 ),
having regard to the proposal for a Council decision ( COM(2006)0752 ),
ob upoštevanju Protokola med Evropsko unijo, Evropsko skupnostjo, Švicarsko konfederacijo in Kneževino Lihtenštajn o pristopu Kneževine Lihtenštajn k Sporazumu med Evropsko unijo, Evropsko skupnostjo in Švicarsko konfederacijo o pridružitvi Švicarske konfederacije k izvajanju, uporabi in razvoju schengenskega pravnega reda,
having regard to the Protocol between the European Union, the European Community, the Swiss Confederation and the Principality of Liechtenstein on the accession of the Principality of Liechtenstein to the Agreement between the European Union, the European Community and the Swiss Confederation on the Swiss Confederation's association with the implementation, application and development of the Schengen acquis,
ob upoštevanju člena 62, člena 63(3)(a) in (b), členov 66 in 95 ter prvega pododstavka člena 300(2) Pogodbe ES,
having regard to Article 62, Article 63(1), points (3)(a) and (b), Articles 66 and 95, and Article 300(2), first subparagraph, of the EC Treaty,
ob upoštevanju prvega pododstavka člena 300(3) Pogodbe ES, v skladu s katerim se je Svet posvetoval s Parlamentom ( C6-0089/2008 ),
having regard to Article 300(3), first subparagraph, of the EC Treaty, pursuant to which the Council consulted Parliament ( C6-0089/2008 ),
ob upoštevanju poročila Odbora za državljanske svoboščine, pravosodje in notranje zadeve ( A6-0246/2008 ),
having regard to the report of the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs ( A6-0246/2008 ),
odobri predlog Sklepa Sveta, kakor je bil spremenjen, in odobri sklenitev Protokola;
Approves the proposal for a Council decision as amended and approves the conclusion of the Protocol;
si pridržuje pravico braniti svoje pristojnosti, ki so mu bile dodeljene s Pogodbo;
Reserves the right to defend its prerogatives as conferred by the Treaty;
naroči svojemu predsedniku, naj stališče Parlamenta posreduje Svetu in Komisiji, vladam in parlamentom držav članic ter vladi in parlamentu Kneževine Lihtenštajn.
Instructs its President to forward its position to the Council, the Commission, the governments and parliaments of the Member States and the government and parliament of the Principality of Liechtenstein.
ob upoštevanju Pogodbe o ustanovitvi Evropske skupnosti in zlasti člena 62, člena 63(3)(a) in (b), člena 66 ter člena 95 v zvezi z drugim stavkom prvega pododstavka člena 300(2) in
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Articles 62, 63 point 3 a) and b), 66 and 95 in conjunction with the second sentence of the first subparagraph of Article 300(2) and the
pododstavkom člena 300(3) Pogodbe,
subparagraph of Article 300 (3) thereof,
Zakonodajna resolucija Evropskega parlamenta z dne 8. julija 2008 o predlogu Sklepa Sveta o sklenitvi Protokola med Evropsko skupnostjo, Švicarsko konfederacijo in Kneževino Lihtenštajn o pristopu Kneževine Lihtenštajn k Sporazumu med Evropsko skupnostjo in Švicarsko konfederacijo o merilih in mehanizmih za določitev države, odgovorne za obravnavo prošnje za azil, vložene v državi članici ali v Švici ( KOM(2006)0754 – C6-0090/2008 – 2006/0252(CNS) )
European Parliament legislative resolution of 8 July 2008 on the proposal for a Council decision on the conclusion of a Protocol between the European Community, the Swiss Confederation and the Principality of Liechtenstein on the accession of the Principality of Liechtenstein to the Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation concerning the criteria and mechanisms for establishing the State responsible for examining a request for asylum lodged in a Member State or in Switzerland ( COM(2006)0754 – C6-0090/2008 – 2006/0252(CNS) )
ob upoštevanju predloga sklepa Sveta ( KOM(2006)0754 ),
having regard to the proposal for a Council decision ( COM(2006)0754 ),
ob upoštevanju Protokola med Evropsko skupnostjo, Švicarsko konfederacijo in Kneževino Lihtenštajn o pristopu Kneževine Lihtenštajn k Sporazumu med Evropsko skupnostjo in Švicarsko konfederacijo o merilih in mehanizmih za določitev države, odgovorne za obravnavo prošnje za azil, vložene v državi članici ali v Švici,
having regard to the Protocol between the European Community, the Swiss Confederation and the Principality of Liechtenstein on the accession of the Principality of Liechtenstein to the Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation concerning the criteria and mechanisms for establishing the State responsible for examining a request for asylum lodged in a Member State or in Switzerland,
ob upoštevanju člena 63(1)(a) in prvega pododstavka člena 300(2) Pogodbe ES,
having regard to Article 63(1)(a) and Article 300(2), first subparagraph, of the EC Treaty,
ob upoštevanju prvega pododstavka člena 300(3) Pogodbe ES, v skladu s katerim se je Svet posvetoval s Parlamentom ( C6-0090/2008 ),
having regard to Article 300(3), first subparagraph, of the EC Treaty, pursuant to which the Council consulted Parliament ( C6-0090/2008 ),
ob upoštevanju poročila Odbora za državljanske svoboščine, pravosodje in notranje zadeve ( A6-0247/2008 ),
having regard to the report of the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs ( A6-0247/2008 ),
odobri predlog Sklepa Sveta, kakor je bil spremenjen, in odobri s sklenitev Protokola;
Approves the proposal for a Council decision as amended and approves the conclusion of the Protocol;
naroči svojemu predsedniku, naj stališče Parlamenta posreduje Svetu in Komisiji, vladam in parlamentom držav članic ter vladi in parlamentu Kneževine Lihtenštajn.
Instructs its President to forward its position to the Council, the Commission, the governments and parliaments of the Member States, and the Government and Parliament of the Principality of Liechtenstein.
ob upoštevanju Pogodbe o ustanovitvi Evropske skupnosti in zlasti člena 63(1)(a) Pogodbe v zvezi s prvim stavkom prvega pododstavka člena 300(2) in
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 63(1)(a) thereof, in conjunction with the first sentence of the first subparagraph of Article 300(2) and the
Zakonodajna resolucija Evropskega parlamenta z dne 8. julija 2008 o predlogu Sklepa Sveta o sklenitvi Protokola med Evropsko skupnostjo, Švico in Lihtenštajnom k Sporazumu med Evropsko skupnostjo in Švicarsko konfederacijo o merilih in mehanizmih za določitev države, odgovorne za obravnavo prošnje za azil, vložene v državi članici, v Švici ali Lihtenštajnu ( KOM(2006)0753 – C6-0091/2008 – 2006/0257(CNS) )
European Parliament legislative resolution of 8 July 2008 on the proposal for a Council decision on the conclusion of a Protocol between the European Community, Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation concerning the criteria and mechanisms for establishing the State responsible for examining a request for asylum lodged in a Member State, in Switzerland or Liechtenstein ( COM(2006)0753 – C6-0091/2008 – 2006/0257(CNS) )
ob upoštevanju predloga Sklepa Sveta ( KOM(2006)0753 ),
having regard to the proposal for a Council decision ( COM(2006)0753 ),
ob upoštevanju Protokola med Evropsko skupnostjo, Švico in Lihtenštajnom k Sporazumu med Evropsko skupnostjo in Švicarsko konfederacijo o merilih in mehanizmih za določitev države, odgovorne za obravnavo prošnje za azil, vložene v državi članici, v Švici ali Lihtenštajnu,
having regard to the Protocol between the European Community, Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the Agreement between the European Community and the Swiss Confederation concerning the criteria and mechanisms for establishing the State responsible for examining a request for asylum lodged in a Member State, in Switzerland or Liechtenstein,
ob upoštevanju prvega pododstavka člena 300(3) Pogodbe ES, v skladu s katerim se je Svet posvetoval s Parlamentom ( C6-0091/2008 ),
having regard to Article 300(3), first subparagraph, of the EC Treaty, pursuant to which the Council consulted Parliament ( C6-0091/2008 ),
ob upoštevanju poročila Odbora za državljanske svoboščine, pravosodje in notranje zadeve ( A6-0261/2008 ),
having regard to the report of the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs ( A6-0261/2008 ),
naroči svojemu predsedniku, naj stališče Parlamenta posreduje Svetu in Komisiji ter vladam in parlamentom držav članic, Švicarske konfederacije in Kneževine Lihtenštajn.
Instructs its President to forward its position to the Council, the Commission, the governments and parliaments of the Member States, and the governments and parliaments of the Swiss Confederation and the Principality of Liechtenstein.
Zakonodajna resolucija Evropskega parlamenta z dne 8. julija 2008 o predlogu Uredbe Sveta o spremembi Uredbe (ES) št. 1683/95 o enotni obliki za vizume, kar zadeva številčenje vizumov ( KOM(2008)0188 – C6-0187/2008 – 2008/0074(CNS) )
European Parliament legislative resolution of 8 July 2008 on the proposal for a Council regulation amending Regulation (EC) No 1683/95 laying down a uniform format for visas as regards the numbering of visas ( COM(2008)0188 – C6-0187/2008 – 2008/0074(CNS) )
ob upoštevanju predloga Komisije ( KOM(2008)0188 ),
having regard to the Commission proposal ( COM(2008)0188 ),
ob upoštevanju člena 62(2)(b)(iii) Pogodbe ES,
having regard to Article 62(2)(b)(iii) of the EC Treaty,
ob upoštevanju člena 67 Pogodbe ES, v skladu s katerim se je Svet posvetoval s Parlamentom ( C6-0187/2008 ),
having regard to Article 67 of the EC Treaty, pursuant to which the Council consulted Parliament ( C6-0187/2008 ),
ob upoštevanju poročila Odbora za državljanske svoboščine, pravosodje in notranje zadeve ( A6-0268/2008 ),
having regard to the report of the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs ( A6-0268/2008 ),
Zakonodajna resolucija Evropskega parlamenta z dne 8. julija 2008 o osnutku Sklepa Sveta o sklenitvi Sporazuma o podaljšanju Sporazuma o znanstvenem in tehnološkem sodelovanju med Evropsko skupnostjo in vlado Republike Indije (16681/2007 – KOM(2007)0576 – C6-0073/2008 – 2007/0207(CNS) )
European Parliament legislative resolution of 8 July 2008 on the draft Council decision concerning the conclusion of an Agreement renewing the Agreement for scientific and technological cooperation between the European Community and the Government of the Republic of India (16681/2007 – COM(2007)0576 – C6-0073/2008 – 2007/0207(CNS) )
ob upoštevanju predloga Sklepa Sveta ( KOM(2007)0576 ),
having regard to the proposal for a Council decision ( COM(2007)0576 ),
ob upoštevanju osnutka Sklepa Sveta (16681/2007),
having regard to the draft Council decision (16681/2007),
ob upoštevanju člena 170(2) in prvega pododstavka člena 300(2) Pogodbe ES,
having regard to Articles 170(2) and 300(2), first subparagraph of the EC Treaty,
ob upoštevanju prvega pododstavka člena 300(3) Pogodbe ES, v skladu s katerim se je Svet posvetoval s Parlamentom ( C6-0073/2008 ),
having regard to Article 300(3), first subparagraph, of the EC Treaty, pursuant to which the Council consulted Parliament ( C6-0073/2008 ),
ob upoštevanju člena 51 in člena 83(7) svojega Poslovnika,
having regard to Rule 51 and Rule 83(7) of its Rules of Procedure,
ob upoštevanju poročila Odbora za industrijo, raziskave in energetiko ( A6-0254/2008 ),
having regard to the report of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy ( A6-0254/2008 ),
odobri osnutek sklepa Sveta, kakor je bil spremenjen, in odobri sklenitev sporazuma;
Approves the draft Council decision as amended and approves the conclusion of the agreement;
naroči svojemu predsedniku, naj stališče Parlamenta posreduje Svetu, Komisiji ter vladam in parlamentom držav članic ter vladi Republike Indije.
Instructs its President to forward its position to the Council and Commission, and the governments and parliaments of the Member States and the Government of the Republic of India.
Sporazum je ključnega pomena v prizadevanjih za doseganje ciljev strateškega partnerstva med EU in Indijo iz leta 2004 in širših političnih ciljev.
The Agreement is key to seeking to achieve the aims of the EU-India strategic partnership of 2004 and pursuing broader political goals.
Prednostni cilj skupnih raziskovalnih dejavnosti, ki se izvajajo v skladu s tem sporazumom, bi morali biti zbiranje primerljivih podatkov in izboljšanje zbranih podatkov.
Priority objectives of the joint research activities to be carried out under the Agreement should be to produce comparable information and to improve the body of data.
Pri izvajanju sporazuma bi si morali Skupnost in Indija prizadevati za večjo udeležbo v raziskovalnih programih druge strani in povečati število izmenjav med njunimi raziskovalci, poleg tega pa izboljšati mobilnost raziskovalcev na splošno.
In implementing the Agreement, efforts should be made by both parties to increase the participation of the Community and India in each other's research programmes, to boost the number of exchanges of researchers between the Community and India, and to improve the mobility of researchers generally.
Izvajanje sporazuma bi se moralo prednostno osredotočiti tudi na energetsko in okoljsko politiko ter potreben razvoj inovativnih energetskih tehnologij.
In implementing the Agreement, priority should also be given to energy and environment policies and to the necessary development of innovative energy technologies.
Potrebna so skupna prizadevanja in pobude, na primer za razvoj ekonomične tehnologije za zajetje in skladiščenje ogljika ter za obnovljive vire energije, ki je v interesu obeh partneric.
Joint efforts and initiatives, with a view, for example, to developing economical carbon capture and storage and renewable technologies, which are in the interest of both partners, should be undertaken.
Pri izvajanju sporazuma bi bilo treba posebno pozornost nameniti tudi načelu vzajemnosti.
In the implementation of the Agreement, particular emphasis should be placed on the principle of reciprocity.
Zaželeno je, da se izvede vmesna ocena izvajanja sporazuma.
It is desirable that a mid-term evaluation of the implementation of the Agreement be carried out.
Sklep Evropskega parlamenta z dne 8. julija 2008 o zahtevi za odvzem imunitete Witoldu Tomczaku ( 2008/2078(IMM) )
European Parliament decision of 8 July 2008 on the request for waiver of the immunity of Witold Tomczak ( 2008/2078(IMM) )
ob upoštevanju zahteve za za odvzem imunitete Witoldu Tomczaku v zvezi s kazenskim postopkom, ki ga vodi okrožno tožilstvo v Varšavi (Warszawa Śródmieście Północ) na Poljskem, ki jo je 14. decembra 2007 vložil namestnik državnega tožilca v Varšavi, posredoval poljski vrhovni tožilec 31. januarja 2008 in ki je bila razglašena na plenarnem zasedanju 10. marca 2008,
having regard to the request by the Deputy Public Prosecutor of Warsaw for waiver of the immunity of Witold Tomczak in connection with the criminal proceedings conducted by the District Prosecutor's Office in Warsaw (Warszawa Śródmieście Północ), Poland, which was made on 14 December 2007, forwarded by the Polish Prosecutor General on 31 January 2008 and announced in plenary sitting on 10 March 2008,
po zaslišanju Witolda Tomczaka dne28. maja 2008 v skladu s členom 7(3) svojega Poslovnika,
having heard Witold Tomczak on 28 May 2008 in accordance with Rule 7(3) of its Rules of Procedure,
in drugi, Zbirka [1986], str 2391..
[1986] ECR 2391.
ob upoštevanju poročila Odbora za pravne zadeve ( A6-0277/2008 ),
having regard to the report of the Committee on Legal Affairs ( A6-0277/2008 ),
ker je bil Witold Tomczak 21. septembra 1997 in 23. septembra 2001 izvoljen v Sejm (spodnji dom poljskega parlamenta); ker je po podpisu Pristopne pogodbe 16. aprila 2003 postal opazovalec; ker je bil poslanec v Evropskem parlamentu od 1. maja 2004 do 19. julija 2004; ker je bil 13. junija 2004 izvoljen v Evropski parlament in je njegov mandat v poljskem parlamentu potekel 16. junija 2004,
whereas Witold Tomczak was elected to the Sejm (the lower house of the Polish Parliament) on 21 September 1997 and on 23 September 2001; whereas after the signature of the Accession Treaty on 16 April 2003 he became an Observer; whereas he was a Member of the European Parliament from 1 May 2004 until 19 July 2004; whereas he was elected to the European Parliament on 13 June 2004 and his term of office in the Polish Parliament expired on 16 June 2004,
ker je okrožno tožilstvo v Varšavi zbralo dokaze zoper Witolda Tomczaka, vendar je ta zavrnil odgovarjanje na vprašanja v zvezi z dogodkom v galeriji Zaheta,
whereas the District Prosecutor's Office in Warsaw has collected evidence against Witold Tomczak, but the latter has refused to answer questions regarding the event at the Zachęta Gallery,
ker Witold Tomczak trdi, da je z omenjenim dejanjem poskušal zaščititi svoja religiozna čustva in religiozna čustva drugih ljudi ter zavarovati papeževo dostojanstvo; ker izpodbija višino škode, ki naj bi jo domnevno povzročil, in ker vsekakor meni, da je bil namen njegovega vedenja zaščititi višjo vrednoto – papeževo čast v očeh poljskih katolikov,
whereas Witold Tomczak claims that by his action towards the sculpture he sought to defend his and other people's religious feelings, as well as to protect the dignity of the Pope; whereas he contests the amount of the damage he allegedly caused and in any case considers that his behaviour was aimed at protecting a higher value – that of the Pope's honour in the eyes of Polish Catholics,
ker na osnovi pridobljenih informacij Witolda Tomczaka ne ščiti poslanska imuniteta v zvezi z nobeno od obtožb, na katere je bil opozorjen predsednik Evropskega parlamenta,
whereas, on the basis of the information obtained, Witold Tomczak is not protected by parliamentary immunity in respect of any of the allegations which have been drawn to the attention of the President of the European Parliament,
se odloči odvzeti imuniteto Witoldu Tomczaku;
Decides to waive the immunity of Witold Tomczak;