natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Regina Bastos, Emine Bozkurt, Andrea Češková, Marije Cornelissen, Silvia Costa, Tadeusz Cymański, Edite Estrela, Ilda Figueiredo, Iratxe García Pérez, Mikael Gustafsson, Mary Honeyball, Lívia Járóka, Teresa Jiménez-Becerril Barrio, Rodi Kraca-Cagaropulu (Rodi Kratsa-Tsagaropoulou), Constance Le Grip, Astrid Lulling, Elisabeth Morin-Chartier, Siiri Oviir, Raül Romeva i Rueda, Nicole Sinclaire, Joanna Katarzyna Skrzydlewska, Marc Tarabella, Marina Yannakoudakis, Anna Záborská
Regina Bastos, Emine Bozkurt, Andrea Češková, Marije Cornelissen, Silvia Costa, Tadeusz Cymański, Edite Estrela, Ilda Figueiredo, Iratxe García Pérez, Mikael Gustafsson, Mary Honeyball, Lívia Járóka, Teresa Jiménez-Becerril Barrio, Rodi Kratsa-Tsagaropoulou, Constance Le Grip, Astrid Lulling, Elisabeth Morin-Chartier, Siiri Oviir, Raül Romeva i Rueda, Nicole Sinclaire, Joanna Katarzyna Skrzydlewska, Marc Tarabella, Marina Yannakoudakis, Anna Záborská
Anne Delvaux, Sylvie Guillaume, Norica Nicolai, Antigoni Papadopulu (Antigoni Papadopoulou), Angelika Werthmann
Anne Delvaux, Sylvie Guillaume, Norica Nicolai, Antigoni Papadopoulou, Angelika Werthmann
Poročevalec: Salvatore Caronna
Rapporteur: Salvatore Caronna
MNENJE Odbora za okolje, javno zdravje in varnost hrane ...................15
OPINION of the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety 13
MNENJE Odbora za notranji trg in varstvo potrošnikov .........................21
OPINION of the Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection 19
IZID KONČNEGA GLASOVANJA V ODBORU...................................................................25
RESULT OF FINAL VOTE IN COMMITTEE.........................................................................23
Kako preprečevati nastajanje živilskih odpadkov: strategije za učinkovitejšo živilsko verigo v EU
on how to avoid food wastage: strategies for a more efficient food chain in the EU
– ob upoštevanju členov 191 in 192 Pogodbe o delovanju Evropske unije v zvezi z ohranjanjem, varstvom in izboljšanjem kakovosti zdravja ljudi in okolja,
– having regard to Articles 191 and 192 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, relating to preserving, protecting and improving the quality of human health and the environment,
– ob upoštevanju Direktive 2008/98/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 19. novembra 2008 o odpadkih in razveljavitvi nekaterih direktiv
– having regard to Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives
– ob upoštevanju svoje resolucije z dne 6. julija 2010 o zeleni knjigi Komisije o ravnanju z biološkimi odpadki v Evropski uniji
– having regard to its resolution of 6 July 2010 on the Commission Green Paper on the management of bio-waste in the European Union
Sprejeta besedila, P7_TA(2010)0264 . ,
Texts adopted, P7_TA(2010)0264 . ,
– ob upoštevanju svoje resolucije z dne 7. septembra 2010 z naslovom „Pošteni prihodki za kmete: bolje delujoča veriga preskrbe s hrano v Evropi“
– having regard to its resolution of 7 September 2010 on fair revenues for farmers: a better-functioning food supply chain in Europe
– ob upoštevanju svoje resolucije z dne 18. januarja 2011 o priznavanju kmetijstva kot strateškega sektorja v okviru prehranske varnosti
– having regard to its resolution of 18 January 2011 on recognition of agriculture as a strategic sector in the context of food security
– ob upoštevanju svoje resolucije z dne 23. junija 2011 z naslovom „Skupna kmetijska politika proti letu 2020: odziv na prihodnje izzive, povezane s hrano, naravnimi viri in ozemljem“
– having regard to its resolution of 23 June 2011 on the CAP towards 2020: meeting the food, natural resources and territorial challenges of the future’
Sprejeta besedila, P7_TA(2011)0307 . ,
Texts adopted, P7_TA(2011)0307 . ,
– ob upoštevanju pripravljalne študije o živilskih odpadkih v državah EU-27 – Generalni direktorat Evropske komisije za okolje (2010),
– having regard to the preparatory study on food waste across EU 27 – DG Environment, European Commission (2010),
– ob upoštevanju študije FAO (2011) z naslovom „Svetovne izgube hrane in živilski odpadki“,
– having regard to the FAO study (2011) on global food losses and food waste,
– ob upoštevanju poročila Odbora za kmetijstvo in razvoj podeželja in mnenja Odbora za okolje, javno zdravje in varnost hrane in mnenja Odbora za notranji trg in varstvo potrošnikov ( A7-0430/2011 ),
– having regard to the report of the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development and the opinions of the Committee on Environment, Public Health and Food Safety and the Committee on Internal Market and Consumer Protection ( A7-0430/2011 ),
A. ker se v Evropi vsako leto vedno več zdrave in užitne hrane – po nekaterih ocenah do 50 % – izgubi vzdolž verige preskrbe s hrano, v nekaterih primerih vse do potrošnikov, in postane odpadek;
A. whereas every year in Europe a growing amount of healthy, edible food – some estimates say up to 50% – is lost along the entire food supply chain, in some cases all the way up to the consumer, and becomes waste;
B. ker po ocenah študije, ki jo je objavila Komisija, letno v 27 državah članicah nastane približno 89 milijonov ton živilskih odpadkov, oziroma 179 kg na prebivalca, tudi če so med posameznimi državami in sektorji velike razlike, pri tem pa kmetijski živilski odpadki in ulov rib, vrnjen v morje, sploh niso upoštevani; ker bo celotna količina živilskih odpadkov narasla na približno 126 milijonov ton (40-odstotno povečanje) do leta 2020, če ne bodo sprejete dodatne preventivne akcije ali ukrepi;
B. whereas a study published by the Commission estimates annual food waste generation in the 27 Member States at approximately 89 million tonnes, or 179 kg per capita, varying considerably between individual countries and the various sectors, without even considering agricultural food waste or fish catches returned to the sea; whereas total food waste will have risen to approximately 126 million tonnes (a 40% increase) by 2020 unless additional preventive actions or measures are taken;
C. ker v Evropski uniji še vedno živi 79 milijonov ljudi pod pragom revščine, z drugimi besedami več kot 15 % prebivalcev prejema dohodek, ki je nižji od 60 % povprečnega dohodka v državi njihovega stalnega prebivališča, od tega jih je16 milijonov prejelo pomoč v hrani prek dobrodelnih organizacij,
C. whereas 79 million people are still living below the poverty line in the European Union – in other words, more than 15% of EU citizens earn less than 60% of average earnings in their country of residence; whereas, of these, 16 million have received food aid from charitable institutions;
D. ker se zaradi skrb vzbujajočih podatkov, ki jih je objavila Organizacija za prehrano in kmetijstvo in po katerih je trenutno na svetu 925 milijonov ljudi, ki so na robu podhranjenosti, še bolj oddaljujejo obeti za uresničitev razvojnih ciljev tisočletja, ki vključujejo zmanjšanje revščine in lakote do leta 2015 na polovico,
D. whereas the disturbing figures disclosed by the FAO, according to which 925 million people around the world are currently at risk of undernourishment, make the prospect of achieving the Millennium Development Goals, including halving poverty and hunger by 2015, even more remote;
E. ker iz študije, ki jo je opravila Organizacija za prehrano in kmetijstvo, izhaja, da bo povečanje števila svetovnega prebivalstva s sedem na devet milijard do leta 2050 zahtevalo najmanj 70-odstotno povečanje dobav hrane;
E. whereas, according to the FAO study, the anticipated rise in the world’s population from 7 billion to 9 billion will necessitate at least a 70% increase in food supplies by 2050;
F. ker se je svetovna proizvodnja žita povzpela z 824 milijonov ton leta 1960 na približno 2,2 milijardi ton leta 2010, vsako leto pa se poveča za 27 milijonov ton; ker bi, če se bo v kmetijski proizvodnji na svetovni ravni ta trend nadaljeval, do leta 2050 povečanje proizvodnje žita v primerjavi z danes zadostovalo za nahranitev svetovnega prebivalstva; ker bi medtem lahko, ker izgube po žetvi znašajo okoli 14 % celotne proizvodnje in ker je nadaljnjih 15 % izgubljenih med distribucijo in z gospodinjskimi odpadki, tri petine celotnega povečanja oskrbe, potrebnega do leta 2050, dobili že tako, da bi prenehali s tratenjem hrane;
F. whereas world grain production has risen from 824 million tonnes in 1960 to around 2.2 billion tonnes in 2010, 27 million tonnes being added to production every year; whereas, if global agro-production continues to follow this trend, the increase in grain production by 2050 compared with today’s figures will be sufficient to feed the world’s population; whereas, in the meantime, as post-harvest losses amount to about 14% of total production and another 15% is lost in distribution and in household waste, three-fifths of the total supply increase needed by 2050 could be achieved if we simply stopped wasting food;
G. ker je zmanjševanje živilskih odpadkov pomemben uvodni korak v boju proti lakoti na svetu, v odzivanju na povečano povpraševanje, ki ga napoveduje Organizacija za prehrano in kmetijstvo, in v izboljšanje prehranjevalnih ravni prebivalstva;
G. whereas reducing food waste is a significant preliminary step in combating hunger in the world, responding to the increase in demand predicted by the FAO and improving people’s nutritional levels;
H. ker bi manj živilskih odpadkov prineslo učinkovitejšo rabo zemljišč, boljše upravljanje vodnih virov in pozitivne posledice za celoten kmetijski sektor po vsem svetu ter bi okrepilo boj proti podhranjenosti v državah v razvoju;
H. whereas less food waste would mean more efficient land use, better water resource management, and positive repercussions for the whole agricultural sector worldwide, as well as boosting the fight against undernourishment in the developing world;
I. ker živilski odpadki prinašajo posledice, ki niso le etične, gospodarske, družbene in prehranske, ampak tudi zdravstvene in okoljske, saj gore nezaužite hrane veliko prispevajo k globalnemu segrevanju, iz živilskih odpadkov pa izhaja metan, ki je kot toplogredni plin 21-krat močnejši od ogljikovega dioksida;
I. whereas food waste has not just ethical, economic, social and nutritional but also health and environmental implications, since unconsumed food mountains make a major contribution to global warming and food waste produces methane, which as a greenhouse gas is 21 times more powerful than carbon dioxide;
J. ker potrošniki v državah v razvoju proizvedejo minimalno količino živilskih odpadkov; ker so kakršnikoli živilski odpadki v teh državah povečini posledica finančnih in tehničnih omejitev vzdolž celotne verige proizvodnje živil;
J. whereas there is minimal wastage of food by consumers in developing countries; and whereas any food waste in those countries is mainly due to financial and technical limitations along the entire food production chain;
K. ker v Evropi in Severni Ameriki v preteklih desetletjih, ko je bilo hrane na pretek, živilski odpadki niso bili prednostna politika, zaradi česar se je njihova količina vzdolž živilske verige na splošno povečala; ker večina živilskih odpadkov v Evropi in Severni Ameriki nastane na ravni prodaje in potrošnje, medtem ko je v državah v razvoju glavni problem izgub na ravni proizvodnje, pobiranja pridelka, predelave in prevoza;
K. whereas in Europe and North America, in the previous decades, when food production was abundant, food waste was not a policy priority, which led to an overall increase in food waste along the food supply chain; whereas in Europe and North America food waste occurs predominantly at the retail and consumption stage, as opposed to in the developing world, where production, harvest, processing and transport are the stages where losses are most common;
L. ker se glede na nedavne študije z vsakim kilogramom proizvedenih živil v ozračje sprosti 4,5 kg CO 2 ; ker se v Evropi s približno 89 milijoni ton odpadne hrane proizvede 170 milijonov ton ekvivalenta CO 2 letno, in sicer 59 milijonov ton ekvivalenta CO 2 letno v živilski industriji, 78 z domačo porabo in 33 drugje; ker je za proizvodnja 30 % hrane, ki se ne zaužije, treba uporabiti dodatnih 50 % vodnih virov za namakanje, pridelava kilograma govedine pa zahteva 5–10 ton vode;
L. whereas, according to recent studies, for every kilogram of food produced, 4.5 kg of CO 2 are released into the atmosphere; whereas in Europe the approximately 89 Mt of food wasted produce 170 Mt CO2 eq./yr, broken down thus: food industry 59 Mt CO 2 eq./yr, domestic consumption 78 Mt CO2 eq./yr, other 33 Mt CO2 eq./yr; whereas the production of the 30% of food which ends up not being consumed accounts for an additional 50% of use of water resources for irrigation, while producing a kilogram of beef requires 5-10 tonnes of water;
M. ker ogroženost prehranske varnosti spremlja zrcalna podoba težav bogatega sveta, kot so debelost, bolezni srca in ožilja ter rakava obolenja, ki so posledica prehrane s previsoko vsebnostjo maščob in beljakovin, kar pomeni, da je število čezmerno prehranjenega prebivalstva na svetu enako številu podhranjenega in nezadostno prehranjenega prebivalstva;
M. whereas the threat to food security is accompanied by mirror-image rich-world scourges such as obesity, cardiovascular illnesses and cancers arising from a diet overrich in fats and proteins, the result being that the world's overfed population numbers as many as the underfed and malnourished;
N. ker je vse večje usihanje proizvodnih dejavnikov v protislovju s potrebo po povečanju dobave hrane v EU;
N. whereas the recent fall in factors of production is in contradiction with the need to increase the food supply in the EU;
O. ker ima lahko podpora, ki jo države v razvoju prejemajo za izboljšanje učinkovitosti svojih verig preskrbe s hrano, pozitivni učinek ne le neposredno na lokalno gospodarstvo in na trajnostni razvoj teh območij, ampak posredno tudi na ravnotežje v svetovni trgovini s kmetijskimi proizvodi ter na prerazporeditev naravnih virov;
O. whereas support given to developing countries to improve the efficiency of their food supply chains can not only directly benefit the local economies and sustainable growth in those countries but can also, indirectly, aid the global balance of trade in agricultural products and the redistribution of natural resources;
P. ker sta izmenjava dobrih praks na evropski in mednarodni ravni ter tudi pomoč državam v razvoju zelo pomembni v boju proti živilskim odpadkom po svetu;
P. whereas the exchange of good practices at European and international level, as well as assistance for developing countries, are of major importance in combating food waste worldwide;
Q. ker čedalje več držav članic daje pobude za ozaveščanje javnosti o vzrokih in posledicah živilskih odpadkov, načinih za njihovo zmanjšanje ter spodbujanju znanstvene in državljanske kulture, usmerjene k načelom trajnosti in solidarnosti;
Q. whereas a growing number of Member States are embarking on awareness-raising initiatives to inform the public about the causes and effects of food waste, ways of reducing it and how to promote a scientific and civic culture guided by the principles of sustainability and solidarity;
R. ker se živilski odpadki pojavljajo vzdolž celotne verige preskrbe s hrano – na stopnjah kmetijske pridelave, skladiščenja, predelave, distribucije, upravljanja in potrošnje;
R. whereas food waste occurs across the entire food supply chain from the agricultural production stage, to the storage, processing, distribution, management and consumption stages;
S. ker so za prehransko varnost v prvi vrsti odgovorni akterji v verigi preskrbe s hrano in ker je treba živilske odpadke, ki se jim je mogoče izogniti, obravnavati kjerkoli je to mogoče;
S. whereas the players in the food supply chain are chiefly responsible for food security and addressing avoidable food waste where possible;
T. ker nekatere države članice prepovedujejo, da se hrana prodaja pod stroškovno ceno, in s tem jemljejo trgovcem na drobno priložnost, da prodajo potrošnikom neprodano svežo hrano ceneje proti koncu dneva, ter tako dodatno prispevajo k odpadkom v živilski verigi;
T. whereas some Member States ban food being sold at below cost price, robbing retailers of the opportunity to sell unsold fresh food at a cheaper price to consumers towards the end of the day and contributing further to waste in the food chain;
U. ker je bilo z nedavno sprejeto uredbo o zagotavljanju informacij o živilih potrošnikom pojasnjeno, da živila z oznako „uporabiti do datuma“ niso več varna za uživanje po preteku tega datuma;
U. whereas the recently adopted Regulation on Food Information to Consumers clarifies that foods with a ‘use by’ date should be considered unsafe after the expiry of that date;
V. ker si forum na visoki ravni za izboljšanje delovanja verige preskrbe s hrano in evropska okrogla miza za trajnostno potrošnjo in proizvodnjo prizadevata za izboljšanje učinkovitosti in trajnosti vzdolž celotne živilske verige;
V. whereas the High Level Forum for a Better Functioning Food Supply Chain and the European Sustainable Consumption and Production Roundtable are working towards improving efficiency and sustainability along the food supply chain;
2. poziva Svet, Komisijo, države članice in udeležence v verigi preskrbe s hrano, naj prednostno rešijo problem živilskih odpadkov vzdolž celotne verige preskrbe s hrano ter njene porabe in naj pripravijo smernice in načine podpore za izboljšanje učinkovitosti verige preskrbe s hrano od sektorja do sektorja ter naj to prednostno obravnavajo na dnevnem redu evropske politike; v zvezi s tem poziva Komisijo, naj obvešča o tekočem delu tako na forumu na visoki ravni za izboljšanje delovanja verige preskrbe s hrano kot tudi na evropski okrogli mizi za trajnostno potrošnjo in proizvodnjo, tudi glede priporočil o ravnanju z živilskimi odpadki;
Calls on the Council, the Commission, the Member States and players in the food supply chain to address as a matter of urgency the problem of food waste along the entire supply and consumption chain and to devise guidelines for and support ways of improving the efficiency of the food supply chain sector by sector, and urges them to prioritise this within the European policy agenda; calls on the Commission, in this context, to raise awareness of the ongoing work in both the High Level Forum for a Better Functioning Food Supply Chain and the European Sustainable Consumption and Production Roundtable, including with regard to recommendations on how to tackle food waste;
4 poudarja, da so vzroki za nastanek živilskih odpadkov številni: prekomerna proizvodnja, napačna določitev ciljne skupine potrošnikov (neprilagojena velikost ali oblika proizvoda), poslabšanje izdelka ali njegove embalaže, pravila trženja (problematičen videz ali pomanjkljiva embalaža) in neustrezne strategije upravljanja zalog ali trženja;
4 Points out that food waste has a number of causes: overproduction, faulty product targeting (unadapted size or shape), deterioration of the product or its packaging, marketing rules (problems of appearance or defective packaging), and inadequate stock management or marketing strategies;
8. ugotavlja, da je treba vprašanje živilskih odpadkov obravnavati z vidika učinkovitosti virov in poziva Komisijo, naj v okviru vodilne pobude „Evropa, gospodarna z viri“ oblikuje posebne pobude za živilske odpadke, da bi temu vprašanju zagotovila enako pozornost in ozaveščanje kot vprašanju energetske učinkovitosti, saj sta enako pomembni za okolje in za našo prihodnost;
Notes that the issue of food waste should be addressed from the standpoint of resource efficiency and calls on the Commission to deliver specific initiatives targeting food waste under the Resource-Efficient Europe flagship initiativein order to ensure that this issue receives as much attention and is the subject of as much awareness raising as the issue of energy efficiency, since both are equally important for the environment and our future;
13. poziva k boljšemu usmerjanju podpore EU za razdeljevanje prehrambnih proizvodov najbolj ogroženim osebam v Uniji, pomoči Unije za dobavo mleka in mlečnih izdelkov šolarjem ter programa za spodbujanje uživanja sadja v šolah, da bi preprečili živilske odpadke;
Calls for the retargeting of support measures at EU level regarding the distribution of food products to the Union's least-favoured citizens, Community aid for the supply of milk and dairy products to schoolchildren, and the programme for encouraging the consumption of fruit in schools, with a view to preventing food waste;
16. meni, da morajo vse države članice omogočiti trgovcem na drobno, da znatno znižajo cene sveže hrane, tudi pod stroškovno ceno, ko se bliža iztek roka prodaje, da bi zmanjšali količino zavržene neprodane hrane in omogočili potrošnikom z nižjim dohodkom nakup visoko kakovostne hrane po ugodnejših cenah;
Believes that all Member States should make it possible for retailers to substantially reduce the price of fresh food to below the cost of production when it is close to its sell-before date, in order to reduce the amount of unsold food discarded and to offer a possibility for consumers with a lower disposable income to buy high-quality food at cheaper prices;
19. poziva Komisijo, naj oblikuje smernice za izvajanje člena 5 okvirne direktive o odpadkih (2008/98/EC), ki opredeljuje stranske proizvode, glede na to, da bi lahko pomanjkanje pravne jasnosti v zakonodaji EU pri razlikovanju med odpadki in neodpadki ogrozilo učinkovito rabo stranskih proizvodov;
Calls on the Commission to develop guidance on the implementation of Article 5 of the Waste Framework Directive (2008/98/EC), which defines by-products, given that the lack of legal clarity under EU legislation regarding the distinction between waste and non-waste could hinder the efficient use of by-products;
22. odobrava pobude, ki so jih že pripravili v več državah članicah in ki so usmerjene v uporabo neprodanih in vzdolž celotne verige preskrbe s hrano zavrženih proizvodov na lokalni ravni z namenom porazdelitve med skupine državljanov pod pragom minimalnega dohodka z manjšo kupno močjo; poudarja pomen izmenjave s tem povezanih dobrih praks med državami članicami kot tudi pobud na lokalni ravni; pri tem poudarja dragoceni prispevek prostovoljcev pri razvrščanju in distribuciji teh izdelkov ter specializiranih podjetij, ki razvijajo sisteme in dejavnosti za preprečevanje nastajanja odpadkov;
Welcomes the initiatives already taken in various Member States aimed at recovering, locally, unsold and discarded products throughout the food supply chain in order to redistribute them to groups of citizens below the minimum income threshold who lack purchasing power; stresses the importance of the exchange of best practices in this connection between Member States, as also of initiatives at local level; points out in this regard the valuable contribution made, on the one hand, by volunteers in sorting and distributing such products and, on the other, by professional companies that are developing anti-waste systems and measures;
29. poziva Komisijo, naj bo zgled za druge in obravnava vprašanje živilskih odpadkov znotraj samih institucij EU ter nemudoma sprejme potrebne ukrepe, ki so potrebni za zmanjšanje posebej velike količine hrane, ki se dnevno zavrže v menzah različnih institucij EU;
Calls on the Commission to set an example by addressing food waste within the EU institutions, and to take the necessary measures as a matter of urgency to reduce the particularly large quantity of food discarded every day in the canteens of the various EU institutions;