natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Meni, da je odprta in poštena trgovina najboljši način za zagotavljanje in vzdrževanje enakih konkurenčnih pogojev za evropska podjetja na svetovni ravni.
I believe that open and fair trade is the best way to ensure and maintain a level playing field for European businesses competing at the global level.
Vedno je odločno podpiral večstranski trgovinski sistem in pravila, določena v okviru STO, kot najboljši način za zagotovitev enakopravnega obravnavanja vseh svetovnih trgovinskih partnerjev.
I have always been a strong supporter of the multilateral trading system, and the rules established within the WTO framework as the best means to ensure equitable treatment for all global trading partners.
Iz vseh teh razlogov je sklenil, da natančneje preuči vprašanje netarifnih ovir, ki po mnenju evropskih podjetij in izvoznikov, trgovinskih analitikov in navsezadnje Evropske komisije čedalje bolj omejujejo prost dostop do trgov partnerskih držav.
For all these reasons, I have decided to look closely at the issue of non-tariff barriers, which European companies and exporters, trade analysts, and last, but not least, the European Commission have identified as a growing hindrance to free access to partner countries’ markets.
Da bi opozoril na resnost te problematike, jo bo najprej opredelil, nato spodbudil k razmisleku o težavah pri reševanju te problematike s partnersko državo ter nazadnje podrobneje razložil priporočila, ki jih je predstavil v tem poročilu.
To enable you share the acuity of this problem, I will first provide you with a definition of it, than invite you to reflect upon the difficulty of addressing it with the partner country, and, at last, elaborate more on the recommendations I have made in this report.
Opredelitev netarifnih ovir
Definition of Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs)
Več informacij je na voljo v spletnem glosarju STO, ki je na voljo na naslovu http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/glossary_e/ntbs_e.htm, ali glosarju OECD, ki je na voljo na naslovu:
Fore more information, refer to the WTO online glossary that be found at http://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/glossary_e/ntbs_e.htm, or to the OECD glossary available at:
Druga vrsta vsebuje posredne vplive na ceno, kot so uvozna dovoljenja, uvozne kvote in „prostovoljne“ izvozne omejitve.
licensing , import quotas and ‘voluntary’ export restraints.
Te ovire je mogoče dopolniti z omejitvami pri distribuciji ali drugimi nekonkurenčnimi praksami in prepovedmi, ki tudi lahko izkrivljajo trgovino.
This can be complemented by restraints on distribution or other non-competitive practices and prohibitions that can also distort trade.
Kompleksnost vprašanja
The Complexity of the Matter
Netarifne ovire so tehnične, zapletene in politično občutljive, saj vlade nekatere od teh ukrepov izvajajo v tako imenovanem javnem interesu.
NTBs are technical, complex and politically sensitive because some of these measures are being implemented by Governments in the so-called public interest.
Tako na primer tehnični predpisi, minimalni standardi in sistemi izdajanja certifikatov v zvezi z zdravjem in varstvom potrošnikov sami po sebi ne ovirajo nujno trgovine, saj se lahko izvajajo za uresničevanje legitimnih ciljev politike.
For instance, technical regulations, minimum standards and certification systems regarding health and consumer safety may not per se constitute barriers to trade, as they can be implemented to meet legitimate policy goals.
Vendar se v nekaterih razmerah tovrstni instrumenti politike prav zaradi njihove potencialno legitimne narave zlorabljajo in jih je težko odpraviti.
However, it is precisely because of their potentially legitimate nature that in some circumstances these sorts of policy instruments are being misused, and it is difficult to remove them.
Netarifne ovire so milo rečeno politični „vroč krompir“ svetovne trgovine.
The NTBs are the political ‘hot potatoes’ of global trade to say the least.
Zato poročevalec meni, da mora Evropska unija, ki ima izključno pristojnost za trgovino in naložbe, z namenom ločevanja legitimnih varnostnih ukrepov od prikritega protekcionizma obravnavati netarifne ovire kot del celostne strategije, ki združuje tako diplomatsko prizadevanje, ki ga je treba izvajati v tesnem sodelovanju z Evropsko službo za zunanje delovanje, kot tudi okrepljen regulativni dialog s trgovinskimi partnerji EU, zlasti s strateško pomembnimi, da bi bile netarifne ovire tako v središču mednarodnih pogajanj povsod tam, kjer se prepletata trgovina in politika.
Therefore, in view of separating the legitimate safety measures from disguised protectionism, it seems to me that the European Union, which has exclusive competence over trade and investment, should address NTBs as part of a holistic strategy bringing together both a diplomatic effort to be pursued in close cooperation with the European External Action Service, and an enhanced regulatory dialogue with EU’s trade partners, especially the strategic ones, in order to put NTBs at the heart of international negotiations where trade and politics intermingle.
Priporočila za preprečevanje in reševanje problematike
Recommendations to Prevent and Solve the Problem
Poročevalčev namen je pozvati Komisijo k proaktivnemu ukrepanju za odpravo ali vsaj zmanjšanje omejevalnega učinka netarifnih ovir na možnost dostopa evropskih podjetij do tujih trgov.
My objective is to see the Commission act proactively to remove or at the very least reduce the restrictive impact of NTBs on the capacity of European businesses access foreign markets.
Po njegovem mnenju mora biti to glavna prednostna naloga nove trgovinske politike EU v okviru strategije Evropa 2020.
In my view, this shall be a top priority of the new EU trade policy under the Europe 2020 Strategy.
Komisija mora problematiko netarifnih ovir načeti z vsemi trgovinskimi partnerji EU, zlasti s strateško pomembnimi, s katerimi EU opravi večji del trgovinske menjave.
The Commission should raise the question of NTBs with all EU’s trading partners, but more importantly with the strategic ones with which the EU realises the bulk of its trade.
EU mora tudi natančno pregledati lastne trgovinske ukrepe, da bi lahko odpravila vse nezakonite ovire za odprto in prosto trgovino ter da bi postala resnično vodilna v boju proti netarifnim oviram.
The EU should also carefully review its own trade measures in order to lift all illegitimate hindrances to open and free trade, and become a true frontrunner in the anti-NTB fight.
Poleg tega mora Komisija obravnavati to težavo kot del svojega programa o STO.
Moreover, the Commission should address this problem as part of its WTO agenda.
Redno ponovno presojo obstoječega sporazuma STO o tehničnih ovirah v trgovini (sporazum TBT)
The periodical reassessment of the existing WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (the ‘TBT Agreement’)
Sporazum TBT je bil sprejet leta 1994 kot del urugvajskega kroga pogajanj v okviru STO.
The TBT Agreement was adopted in 1994 as part of the Uruguay Round of WTO negotiations.
Posodobil je prejšnji sporazum iz leta 1979, dosežen med tokijskim krogom, znan kot kodeks standardov, ki je začel veljati 1. januarja 1980.
It updated an earlier agreement reached in 1979 during the Tokyo Round known as the ‘Standards Code’ that entered into force on 1 January 1980.
Sporazum TBT je na voljo na spletnem mestu STO http://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/17-tbt.pdf. , ki spodbuja mednarodne regulativne standarde za zagotovitev varovanja legitimnih interesov posameznih držav, je treba uporabiti za to, da bi se zagotovile nove priložnosti za preučitev možnosti novih mednarodnih standardov in dobre regulativne prakse.
The TBT Agreement can be found on the WTO website at http://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/17-tbt.pdf , which promotes international regulatory standards that allow for the protection of legitimate interests of each country, should be used to provide new opportunities to explore the possibility of new international standards and good regulatory practice.
V ta namen bi bilo ustrezno predvideti tudi spodbujanje usklajevanja tehničnih pravil ali načela vzajemnega priznavanja.
To this aim, it also seems appropriate to envisage promoting the harmonisation of technical rules or the mutual recognition principle.
Vzporedno s kampanjo na ravni STO priporočam Komisiji in Evropski službi za zunanje delovanje, naj si skupaj s trgovinskimi partnerji EU prizadevata za dejaven boj proti netarifnim oviram.
In parallel to the offensive at WTO level, I would advise the Commission and the European External Action Service (EEAS) to jointly engage with EU trade partners in view of actively fighting against NTBs.
Zavedam se težavnosti naloge, vendar pa je zaradi tega, kadar potekajo mednarodna trgovinska pogajanja, bodisi na dvostranski ali večstranski ravni, nikakor ne smemo opustiti.
I am aware of the difficulty of the task, but this shall be no excuse for giving up on this when international trade negotiations, be it at the bilateral or plurilateral level, occur.
Posebno pozornost je treba nameniti vsem tekočim in prihodnjim pogajanjem o sporazumih o prosti trgovini, ki vključujejo EU.
A special focus should be given to all ongoing and future free-trade agreements (FTAs) negotiations involving the EU.
Ne dvomim o zavezanosti Evropskega parlamenta, da bo to vprašanje ohranil visoko na svojem seznamu prednostnih nalog politike pri ocenjevanju trgovinskih sporazumov pred njihovo dokončno odobritvijo.
I have no doubt about the European Parliament’s own commitment to keep this issue high on its policy agenda when assessing trade agreements, before eventually giving consent to them.
Bistvenega pomena je, da se zagotovi, da sporazumi o prosti trgovini med EU in tretjimi državami omogočajo zadostno vzajemnost pri dostopu do trga ter koristi za obe pogodbenici.
With respect to FTAs between the EU and third countries, it is vital to make sure that these agreements provide sufficient reciprocity in market access and mutual benefits to both parties.
Poleg tega je po mnenju poročevalca ustrezno, da se v vsak sporazum o prosti trgovini vključi dvostranski zaščitni mehanizem, ki zajema ustrezne korektivne ukrepe, skladne s STO, da se prepreči škoda za evropska podjetja in legitimne interese trgovinskega partnerja ali odpravi možnost zanjo, pa tudi postopno okrepi načelo proste trgovine.
Moreover, it seems to me appropriate to envisage including in each FTA a bilateral safeguard mechanism including appropriate, WTO-compatible, corrective measures, to prevent injury or a threat of injury to the European businesses as well as the legitimate interests of the trade partner, while gradually advancing the principle of free-trade.
Prav tako so dvostranska in večstranska pogajanja dobra priložnost za Komisijo, da okrepi regulativno sodelovanje z glavnimi trgovinskimi partnerji EU kot del dialoga na visoki ravni, ki ga je treba izvajati za spodbujanje enakovrednosti in zbliževanja mednarodnih standardov v vseh sektorjih, vključno z javnimi naročili.
The bilateral and plurilateral negotiations are also a good opportunity for the Commission to step up regulatory cooperation with main EU trade partners as part of High Level Dialogues that should be used to promote equivalence and convergence of international standards in all sectors, including public procurement.
Pri tem je temeljni cilj omejiti spore in z njimi povezane stroške za evropska podjetja, brez poseganja v kakovost nastalega regulativnega okolja.
The ultimate aim of this is to limiting disputes and the associated costs of those for European businesses, without prejudice to the quality of the resulting regulatory environment.
Da bi povečala splošno ozaveščenost o netarifnih ovirah ter spodbudila podjetja in javne organe k boju proti njim, mora Komisija zbirati informacije STO, OECD in drugih ustreznih mednarodnih trgovinskih organizacij o opravljenem ali tekočem delu v zvezi z možno povezavo med obstojem netarifnih ovir in posledično izgubo potencialnih tržnih deležev ter s tem povezanim učinkom v smislu potencialnih ali dejanskih izgub delovnih mest.
In order to increase both the general awareness about NTBs and motivate businesses and public authorities to fight against them, the Commission should also gather information from WTO, OECD, and any other relevant international trade organisation on work done or ongoing about a possible correlation between the existence of NTBs and resulting loss of potential market shares and the impact of this in terms of potential, or actual job losses.
V zvezi s tem poročevalec poziva Komisijo tudi k preučitvi možnosti razvoja in vzpostavitve mehanizma zgodnjega opozarjanja za odkrivanje netarifnih ovir, da bi tako okrepila obstoječa analitična orodja za kvalitativno oceno učinka te težave.
In this respect, I would also like to see the Commission examine the possibility of developing and establishing an early warning mechanism to detect NTBs in view of strengthening existing analytical tools for a qualitative impact assessment of this problem.
To bi lahko sčasoma prispevalo k oblikovanju pregleda stanja s kazalniki za merjenje škodljivosti netarifnih ovir, na primer na podlagi dejavnikov iz člena 10 uredbe o trgovinskih ovirah
Over time, this could lead to the design of a scoreboard using indicators to measure the noxiousness of NTBs based, for example, on factors defined in Article 10 of the Trade Barriers Regulation
Komisija, natančneje generalni direktorat za trgovino, mora sprožiti informacijsko kampanjo in redno organizirati delavnice za podjetja in izvoznike iz EU, da bi jim pomagala, kadar je ustrezno, vložiti pritožbo na podlagi uredbe o trgovinskih ovirah.
The Commission, namely the Directorate General for Trade, should run an information campaign and regularly organise workshop for EU businesses and exporters to help them, where appropriate, file in a TBR complaint.
Ta je veljaven instrument za poročanje o predhodnih dokazih v zvezi s trgovinskimi ovirami ali drugimi nepoštenimi trgovinskimi praksami, kot so netarifne ovire, ki so vzpostavljene v drugi državi in ki povzročajo poslovno škodo evropskim podjetjem, bodisi v EU ali tej tuji državi
The latter remains a valid instrument to report preliminary evidence about trade barriers or other unfair trading practice such as NTBs put in place in another country, and which are causing commercial harm to a European undertaking, either within the EU or in that foreign country
Potrebne informacije o pritožbi na podlagi uredbe o trgovinskih ovirah so na voljo na spletnem mestu Komisije (GD za trgovino) na naslovu http://ec.europa.eu/trade/tackling-unfair-trade/trade-barriers/complaints/. .
The necessary information on the TBR complaint can be found on the Commission’s website (DG Trade) at http://ec.europa.eu/trade/tackling-unfair-trade/trade-barriers/complaints/ .
Na koncu želi poročevalec ponoviti, da so koristi liberalizacije trgovine najbolj očitne v državah, ki so odpravile tarife in netarifne ovire, da bi v celoti izkoristile priložnosti odprtega trga ter hkrati izravnale možne negativne zunanje učinke razširjene liberalizacije tako, da so se s trgovinskimi partnerji medsebojno dogovorile o nekaterih prehodnih izjemah.
To sum up, it can be said that the benefits of trade liberalisation are best felt in those countries that have eliminated tariffs and NTBs to fully enjoy the opportunities of an open market, while at the same time offsetting possible negative externalities of widespread liberalisation by mutually agreeing with their trade partners on certain transitional exceptions.
Te izjeme lahko vključujejo ustrezna obdobja postopnega uvajanja, ki ščitijo nekatere občutljive sektorje gospodarstev posameznih partnerjev, da bi se lahko ta postopno prilagodila in pripravila na svetovno konkurenco, preden bi ji bila dejansko izpostavljena.
The latter can take the form of appropriate phasing in periods that shield certain sensitive sectors of each partner’s economy to allow it to gradually adjust and prepare for global competition before actually opening up itself to it.
Doseganje ustreznega ravnovesja med trgovinsko odprtostjo in začasnim zaprtjem trga je težavno lovljenje ravnotežja, za kar si morajo prizadevati trgovinski pogajalci EU v vseh trgovinskih pogajanjih, zlasti v sporazumih o prosti trgovini.
Finding the right balance between trade openness and temporary market closure is the difficult equilibrium EU trade negotiators have to aim at in all trade negotiations, and especially FTAs.
Pripravljavka mnenja: Constance Le Grip
Rapporteur: Constance Le Grip
3. poziva Komisijo, naj sodeluje s carinskimi in drugimi pristojnimi organi tretjih držav, ki predstavljajo glavne izvozne trge, da bi se zmanjšala uporaba prestrogih ali nepotrebnih postopkov pregledovanja proizvodov, izdelanih ali sestavljenih v EU, ki predstavljajo netarifne ali skrite trgovinske ovire, kot je na primer zahteva ZDA glede 100-odstotnega pregleda tovornih zabojnikov;
Calls on the Commission to engage with the customs and other competent authorities of third countries which constitute major export markets with the objective of reducing the use in connection with EU-manufactured or assembled products of overly stringent or unnecessary inspection procedures, such as the US requirement for 100% scanning of cargo containers, which act as a non-tariff and hidden barrier to trade;
5. poudarja, da bi morali strukturirani regulativni dialogi med EU in nekaterimi partnericami, kot so čezatlantski dialog zakonodajalcev, čezatlantski poslovni dialog in čezatlantski ekonomski svet z ZDA, gospodarski in trgovinski dialog na visoki ravni s Kitajsko ali skupina na visoki ravni z Japonsko, privesti do dejanskih rezultatov na področju medsebojnega priznavanja, zbliževanja in razvoja predpisov in standardov ter da bi bilo treba take dialoge vzpostaviti tudi s preostalimi trgovinskimi partnericami;
Stresses that the structured regulatory dialogues established between the EU and some of its partners, such as the Transatlantic Legislators’ Dialogue, the Transatlantic Business Dialogue and the Transatlantic Economic Council with the US, the High-Level Economic and Trade Dialogue with China or the High-Level Group with Japan, should produce practical results as regards the mutual recognition, convergence and development of rules and standards and that such dialogues should be established with other trading partners;
8. poudarja dodate težave, ki jih imajo MSP pri soočanju s tujimi predpisi in netarifnimi ovirami, zlasti s pravnimi in administrativnimi bremeni, povezanimi s postopki instrumenta trgovinske zaščite;
Emphasises the added difficulties faced by SMEs when dealing with foreign regulations and non-tariff barriers, in particular the legal and administrative burdens associated with Trade Defence Instrument (TDI) procedures;
10. poudarja pomen skupnih vlaganj, ki omogočajo raziskave in razvoj dolgoročnih projektov vhodnih naložb, in poziva Komisijo, naj še naprej spodbuja dostop do okvirnih programov EU za tretje države;
Stresses the important role of joint investment in facilitating research and development in long-term inward investment projects, and calls on the Commission to continue its efforts to promote access by third countries to EU framework programmes;
13. priporoča, da se preveri, kako bi bilo mogoče pravno zagotoviti, da državna podjetja iz tretjih držav, ki z EU niso podpisale niti sporazuma o vladnih naročilih niti dvostranskega sporazuma o vzajemnem odprtju trga, ne bi smela dobivati javnih naročil za izvajanje projektov, podprtih s sredstvi EU, oziroma kako bi lahko EU v takem primeru zahtevala vračilo finančne podpore;
Recommends looking into regulatory means of ensuring that public procurement contracts for projects funded with EU subsidies may not be awarded to state-owned undertakings from third countries which have signed neither the Government Procurement Agreement (GPA) nor bilateral mutual market-opening agreements, or alternatively that in such cases the EU may demand repayment of the subsidies;
15. poziva Komisijo, naj se še naprej jasno in odločno pogaja o kitajskem podpisu sporazuma o vladnih naročilih, da bi zagotovila enakovredno vzajemno odprtje kitajskih javnih naročil ter enakopravno obravnavo in predvidljive pogoje za evropska podjetja;
Calls on the Commission to maintain a positive and strong stance during the negotiations on China’s signing of the GPA in order to secure the equal reciprocal opening-up of Chinese procurement procedures as well as equal treatment and predictable conditions for European businesses;
Marielle Gallo, Anna Hedh, Constance Le Grip, Emma McClarkin, Silvana Rapti (Sylvana Rapti), Oreste Rossi, Wim van de Camp
Marielle Gallo, Anna Hedh, Constance Le Grip, Emma McClarkin, Sylvana Rapti, Oreste Rossi, Wim van de Camp
William (grof) Dartmouthski, Laima Liucija Andrikienė, Kader Arif, David Campbell Bannerman, Daniel Caspary, Marielle De Sarnez, Christofer Fjellner, Yannick Jadot, Bernd Lange, David Martin, Emilio Menéndez del Valle, Vital Moreira, Paul Murphy, Franck Proust, Godelieve Quisthoudt-Rowohl, Niccolò Rinaldi, Helmut Scholz, Peter Šťastný, Robert Sturdy, Gianluca Susta, Iuliu Winkler, Pablo Zalba Bidegain, Paweł Zalewski
William (The Earl of) Dartmouth, Laima Liucija Andrikienė, Kader Arif, David Campbell Bannerman, Daniel Caspary, Marielle De Sarnez, Christofer Fjellner, Yannick Jadot, Bernd Lange, David Martin, Emilio Menéndez del Valle, Vital Moreira, Paul Murphy, Franck Proust, Godelieve Quisthoudt-Rowohl, Niccolò Rinaldi, Helmut Scholz, Peter Šťastný, Robert Sturdy, Gianluca Susta, Iuliu Winkler, Pablo Zalba Bidegain, Paweł Zalewski
o evropski kinematografiji v digitalni dobi
on European cinema in the digital era
Poročevalec: Piotr Borys
Rapporteur: Piotr Borys
– ob upoštevanju Konvencije Organizacije združenih narodov za izobraževanje, znanost in kulturo (UNESCO) z dne 20. oktobra 2005 o zaščiti in spodbujanju raznolikosti kulturnega izražanja,
– having regard to the Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions adopted by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) on 20 October 2005,
– ob upoštevanju priporočila Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 16. novembra 2005 o filmski dediščini in konkurenčnosti z njo povezanih industrijskih dejavnosti
– having regard to the Recommendation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 November 2005 on film heritage and the competitiveness of related industrial activities
UL L 323, 9.12.2005, str.
OJ L 323, 9.12.2005, p.
– ob upoštevanju priporočila Komisije z dne 24. avgusta 2006 o digitalizaciji in spletni dostopnosti kulturnega gradiva in digitalnem arhiviranju
– having regard to the Commission Recommendation of 24 August 2006 on the Digitisation and Online Accessibility of Cultural Material and Digital Preservation
– ob upoštevanju sklepov Sveta z dne 13. novembra 2006 o digitalizaciji in spletni dostopnosti kulturnega gradiva in digitalnem arhiviranju
– having regard to the Council conclusions of 13 November 2006 on the Digitisation and Online Accessibility of Cultural Material, and Digital Preservation
– ob upoštevanju sklepov Sveta z dne 18. in 19. novembra 2010 o priložnostih in izzivih za evropsko kinematografijo v digitalni dobi
– having regard to the Council conclusions of 18 and 19 November 2010 on the opportunities and challenges for European cinema in the digital era
UL C 323, 30.11.2010, str.
OJ C 323, 30.11.2010, p.
– ob upoštevanju sporočila Komisije o merilih za oceno državnih pomoči iz Sporočila Komisije o nekaterih pravnih vidikih v zvezi s kinematografskimi in drugimi avdiovizualnimi deli (Sporočilo o kinematografiji) z dne 26. septembra 2001
– having regard to the Commission communication concerning the State aid assessment criteria of the Commission communication on certain legal aspects relating to cinematographic and other audiovisual works (Cinema Communication) of 26 September 2001
UL C 31, 7.2.2009, str.
OJ C 31, 7.2.2009, p.
– ob upoštevanju sporočila Komisije z dne 3. marca 2010 z naslovom „Evropa 2020 – Strategija za pametno, trajnostno in vključujočo rast“ ( KOM(2010)2020 ),
– having regard to the Commission Communication of 3 March 2010 on ‘Europe 2020: A strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth’ ( COM(2010)2020 ),