natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
(c) nedržavni subjekti, če je mogoče dokazati, da subjekti iz točk (a) in (b), vključno z mednarodnimi organizacijami, niso sposobni ali nočejo nuditi zaščite pred preganjanjem ali resno škodo, kot sta opredeljena v členu 7.
(c) non-State actors, if it can be demonstrated that the actors mentioned in points (a) and (b), including international organisations, are unable or unwilling to provide protection against persecution or serious harm as defined in Article 7.
Subjekti zaščite
Actors of protection
Zaščito pred preganjanjem ali resno škodo ▌lahko nudi le :
Protection against persecution or serious harm ▌ can only be provided by:
(b) stranke ali organizacije, vključno z mednarodnimi organizacijami, ki nadzorujejo državo ali bistveni del ozemlja države , če so pripravljene in sposobne zagotavljati zaščito v skladu z odstavkom 2 .
(b) parties or organisations, including international organisations, controlling the State or a substantial part of the territory of the State provided these are willing and able to offer protection in accordance with paragraph 2 .
Ta zaščita mora biti dejanska in ne začasna .
This protection must be effective and of a non-temporary nature.
Takšna zaščita se načelno nudi, kadar subjekti iz točk (a) in (b) odstavka 1 sprejmejo razumne ukrepe za preprečitev preganjanja ali resne škode, med drugim z vodenjem učinkovitega pravnega sistema za odkrivanje, pregon in kaznovanje dejanj, ki pomenijo preganjanje ali resno škodo, prosilec pa ima dostop do takšne zaščite.
Such protection is generally provided when the actors mentioned under points (a) and (b) of paragraph 1 take reasonable steps to prevent the persecution or suffering of serious harm inter alia by operating an effective legal system for the detection, prosecution and punishment of acts constituting persecution or serious harm, and the applicant has access to such protection.
Pri ocenjevanju, ali mednarodna organizacija nadzoruje državo ali bistveni del njenega ozemlja in nudi zaščito, kot je opisana v odstavku 2, države članice upoštevajo vse napotke, ki jih nudijo ustrezni akti Sveta.
When assessing whether an international organisation controls a State or a substantial part of its territory and provides protection as described in paragraph 2, Member States shall take into account any guidance which may be provided in relevant Council acts.
Notranja zaščita
Internal protection
V okviru obravnavanja prošnje za mednarodno zaščito lahko države članice odločijo, da prosilec ne potrebuje mednarodne zaščite, če v delu izvorne države ▌:
As part of the assessment of the application for international protection, Member States may determine that an applicant is not in need of international protection if in a part of the country of origin, he or she:
(a) nima razlogov za utemeljen strah pred preganjanjem ali ni dejansko v nevarnosti, da bi utrpel škodo,
(a) has no well-founded fear of being persecuted, or is not at real risk of suffering serious harm, or
(b) ima ▌dostop do zaščite pred preganjanjem ali resno škodo, kot je opredeljena v členu 7,
(b) has access to protection against persecution or serious harm as defined in Article 7 ▌,
in če v ta del države lahko varno in zakonito potuje ter si tam uredi dostop in se lahko od njega razumno pričakuje, da bo tam bival .
and he or she can safely and legally travel to and gain admittance to that part of the country and can reasonably be expected to settle there .
Pri ugotavljanju, ali ima prosilec utemeljen strah pred preganjanjem ali dejansko tvega resno škodo ali ima dostop do zaščite pred preganjanjem ali resno škodo v delu izvorne države v skladu z odstavkom 1, države članice v trenutku odločanja o prošnji v skladu s členom 4 upoštevajo splošne okoliščine, ki prevladujejo v tem delu države, in osebne okoliščine prosilca.
In examining whether an applicant has a well-founded fear of being persecuted or is at real risk of suffering serious harm, or has access to protection against persecution or serious harm in a part of the country of origin in accordance with paragraph 1, Member States shall at the time of taking the decision on the application have regard to the general circumstances prevailing in that part of the country and to the personal circumstances of the applicant in accordance with Article 4 .
V ta namen države članice zagotovijo, da se iz ustreznih virov, kot sta Visoki komisariat Združenih narodov za begunce in evropski urad za podporo azilu, pridobijo natančne in najnovejše informacije. ï
To this end, Member States shall ensure that precise and up-to-date information is obtained from relevant sources, such as UNHCR and EASO.
Pogoji, ki jih morajo izpolnjevati begunci
Qualification for being a refugee
Dejanja preganjanja
Acts of persecution
Da se šteje za dejanje preganjanja v smislu člena 1A Ženevske konvencije, mora dejanje :
In order to be regarded as an act of persecution within the meaning of Article 1A of the Geneva Convention, an act must:
(a) biti dovolj resne narave ali dovolj ponavljajoče, da predstavlja hudo kršitev temeljnih človekovih pravic, zlasti pravic, od katerih odstopanja niso mogoča po členu 15(2) Evropske konvencije o varstvu človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin; ali
(a) be sufficiently serious by its nature or repetition as to constitute a severe violation of basic human rights, in particular the rights from which derogation cannot be made under Article 15(2) of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms; or
(b) predstavljati akumulacijo različnih ukrepov, vključno s kršitvami človekovih pravic, ki je dovolj huda, da vpliva na posameznika na podoben način kot je opisano v točki (a).
(b) be an accumulation of various measures, including violations of human rights which is sufficiently severe as to affect an individual in a similar manner as mentioned in point (a).
Dejanja preganjanja, opredeljena v odstavku 1, imajo lahko med drugim naslednje oblike:
Acts of persecution as qualified in paragraph 1, can inter alia take the form of:
(a) dejanja fizičnega ali psihičnega nasilja, vključno z dejanji spolnega nasilja;
(a) acts of physical or mental violence, including acts of sexual violence;
(b) pravni, upravni, policijski in/ali sodni ukrepi, ki so sami po sebi diskriminatorni ali izvedeni na diskriminatoren način;
(b) legal, administrative, police, and/or judicial measures which are in themselves discriminatory or which are implemented in a discriminatory manner;
(c) pregon ali kazen, ki je nesorazmerna ali diskriminatorna;
(c) prosecution or punishment, which is disproportionate or discriminatory;
(d) odrekanje sodnega varstva, kar ima za posledico nesorazmerno ali diskriminatorno kazen;
(d) denial of judicial redress resulting in a disproportionate or discriminatory punishment;
(e) pregon ali kazen zaradi zavrnitve služenja vojaškega roka v spopadu, kjer bi služenje vojaškega roka vključevalo kazniva dejanja ali dejanja, ki spadajo med izključitvene klavzule, navedene v členu 12(2);
(e) prosecution or punishment for refusal to perform military service in a conflict, where performing military service would include crimes or acts falling under the exclusion clauses as set out in Article 12(2);
(f) dejanja, ki so povezana s spolom ali usmerjena na otroke.
(f) acts of a gender-specific or child-specific nature.
Skladno s členom 2(d) mora obstajati povezava med razlogi iz člena 10 in dejanji preganjanja, kot so določena v odstavku 1, ali odsotnost zaščite pred temi dejanji.
In accordance with Article 2 (d) , there must be a connection between the reasons mentioned in Article 10 and the acts of persecution as qualified in paragraph 1 or the absence of protection against such acts.
Razlogi za preganjanje
Reasons for persecution
Države članice pri ocenjevanju razlogov za preganjanje upoštevajo naslednje elemente:
Member States shall take the following elements into account when assessing the reasons for persecution:
(a) koncept pojem rase zajema zlasti vprašanja barve, porekla ali pripadnosti določeni etnični skupini;
(a) the concept of race shall in particular include considerations of colour, descent, or membership of a particular ethnic group;
(b) koncept pojem veroizpovedi zajema zlasti teistična, neteistična in ateistična prepričanja, sodelovanje ali nesodelovanje pri zasebnih ali javnih formalnih verskih obredih posamično ali v skupnosti drugih oseb, druga verska dejanja ali izraze prepričanja ali oblike osebnega ali skupnega vedenja, ki temelji na kakršnem koli verskem prepričanju ali izhaja iz njega;
(b) the concept of religion shall in particular include the holding of theistic, non-theistic and atheistic beliefs, the participation in, or abstention from, formal worship in private or in public, either alone or in community with others, other religious acts or expressions of view, or forms of personal or communal conduct based on or mandated by any religious belief;
(c) koncept pojem nacionalne pripadnosti ni omejen na državljanstvo ali njegovo odsotnost, temveč zajema zlasti pripadnost skupini, ki jo določa kulturna, etnična ali jezikovna identiteta, skupno zemljepisno ali politično poreklo ali odnos do prebivalcev druge države;
(c) the concept of nationality shall not be confined to citizenship or lack thereof but shall in particular include membership of a group determined by its cultural, ethnic, or linguistic identity, common geographical or political origins or its relationship with the population of another State;
(d) skupina šteje za določeno družbeno skupino zlasti v naslednjih primerih:
(d) a group shall be considered to form a particular social group where in particular:
– >– kadar je članom te skupine skupna prirojena lastnost ali skupno poreklo, ki je nespremenljivo, ali značilnost ali prepričanje, ki je tako temeljnega pomena za identiteto ali zavedanje, da se osebe ne sme prisiliti, naj se mu odreče; ter
– members of that group share an innate characteristic, or a common background that cannot be changed, or share a characteristic or belief that is so fundamental to identity or conscience that a person should not be forced to renounce it; and
– kadar ima skupina v ustrezni državi razločno identiteto, saj jo družba, ki jo obkroža, dojema kot različno.
– that group has a distinct identity in the relevant country, because it is perceived as being different by the surrounding society.
V odvisnosti od okoliščin v izvorni državi lahko določena družbena skupina zajema skupino, ki temelji na skupni lastnosti spolne usmerjenosti.
Depending on the circumstances in the country of origin, a particular social group might include a group based on a common characteristic of sexual orientation.
Spolne usmerjenosti se ne sme razumeti kot nečesa, kar vključuje dejanja, ki po nacionalni zakonodaji držav članic veljajo za kazniva.
Sexual orientation cannot be understood to include acts considered to be criminal in accordance with national law of the Member States.
Vidike, povezane s spolom, vključno s spolno identiteto, je treba ustrezno upoštevati pri določanju pripadnosti določeni družbeni skupini ali opredelitvi značilnosti takšne skupine;
Gender related aspects, including gender identity, shall be given due consideration for the purposes of determining membership of a particular social group or identifying a characteristic of such a group.
(e) koncept političnega prepričanja zajema zlasti imeti neko mnenje, stališče ali prepričanje o zadevi, povezani s potencialnimi subjekti preganjanja, navedenimi v členu 6, in z njihovo politiko ali metodami, ne glede na to, ali je prosilec v skladu s tem mnenjem, stališčem ali prepričanjem tudi ravnal.
(e) the concept of political opinion shall in particular include the holding of an opinion, thought or belief on a matter related to the potential actors of persecution mentioned in Article 6 and to their policies or methods, whether or not that opinion, thought or belief has been acted upon by the applicant.
Pri ocenjevanju dejstva, ali ima prosilec utemeljen strah pred preganjanjem, ni pomembno, ali prosilec dejansko ima rasne, verske, nacionalne, družbene ali politične lastnosti, ki se preganjajo, pod pogojem, da takšne značilnosti prosilcu pripisuje subjekt preganjanja.
When assessing if an applicant has a well-founded fear of being persecuted it is immaterial whether the applicant actually possesses the racial, religious, national, social or political characteristic which attracts the persecution, provided that such a characteristic is attributed to the applicant by the actor of persecution.
Državljan tretje države ali oseba brez državljanstva preneha biti begunec, če:
A third country national or a stateless person shall cease to be a refugee, if he or she:
(a) prostovoljno sprejme zaščito države, katere državljan je; ali
(a) has voluntarily re-availed himself or herself of the protection of the country of nationality; or
(b) državljanstvo po njegovi izgubi prostovoljno ponovno pridobi; ali
(b) having lost his or her nationality, has voluntarily re-acquired it; or
(c) je pridobil novo državljanstvo in uživa zaščito države, ki mu ga je podelila; ali
(c) has acquired a new nationality, and enjoys the protection of the country of his or her new nationality; or
(d) se je prostovoljno vrnil v državo, ki jo je zapustil in v katero se ni vračal zaradi strahu pred preganjanjem; ali
(d) has voluntarily re-established himself or herself in the country which he or she left or outside which he or she remained owing to fear of persecution; or
(e) zaradi prenehanja okoliščin, zaradi katerih so mu priznali status begunca, več ne more zavračati zaščite države, katere državljan je; ali
(e) can no longer, because the circumstances in connection with which he or she has been recognised as a refugee have ceased to exist, continue to refuse to avail himself or herself of the protection of the country of nationality; or
(f) se kot oseba brez državljanstva zaradi prenehanja okoliščin, zaradi katerih so mu priznali status begunca, lahko vrne v prejšnjo državo stalnega prebivališča.
(f) being a stateless person , he or she is able, because the circumstances in connection with which he or she has been recognised as a refugee have ceased to exist, to return to the country of former habitual residence.
Pri obravnavanju točk (e) in (f) odstavka 1 države članice upoštevajo, ali je sprememba okoliščin dovolj pomembna in trajna, da begunčevega strahu pred preganjanjem več ne morejo šteti za utemeljenega.
In considering points (e) and (f) of paragraph 1, Member States shall have regard to whether the change of circumstances is of such a significant and non-temporary nature that the refugee's fear of persecution can no longer be regarded as well-founded.
Točki (e) in (f) odstavka 1 se ne uporabljata za begunca, ki se lahko sklicuje na nujne razloge, ki izhajajo iz preganjanja v preteklosti, ker ni hotel izkoristiti zaščite države, katere državljan je, oziroma prejšnje države stalnega prebivališča, če gre za osebo brez državljanstva.
Points (e) and (f) of paragraph 1 shall not apply to a refugee who is able to invoke compelling reasons arising out of previous persecution for refusing to avail himself of the protection of the country of nationality or, being a stateless person , of the country of former habitual residence.
Državljan tretje države ali oseba brez državljanstva ne more biti begunec, če:
A third country national or a stateless person is excluded from being a refugee, if:
(a) sodi na področje uporabe člena 1 D Ženevske konvencije glede zaščite ali pomoči organov ali uradov Združenih narodov, razen Visokega komisariata Združenih narodov za begunce.
(a) he or she falls within the scope of Article 1 D of the Geneva Convention, relating to protection or assistance from organs or agencies of the United Nations other than UNHCR.
Kadar je takšna zaščita ali pomoč prenehala iz katerega koli razloga, ne da bi se položaj takšne osebe dokončno uredil skladno z ustreznimi resolucijami, ki jih je sprejela Generalna skupščina Združenih narodov, so takšne osebe avtomatično upravičene do ugodnosti iz te direktive;
When such protection or assistance has ceased for any reason, without the position of such persons being definitely settled in accordance with the relevant resolutions adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations, these persons shall ipso facto be entitled to the benefits of this Directive;
(b) pristojni organi države, v kateri je pridobila stalno prebivališče, ugotovijo, da ima pravice in dolžnosti, ki izhajajo iz državljanstva te države, ali enakovredne pravice in dolžnosti.
(b) he or she is recognised by the competent authorities of the country in which he or she has taken residence as having the rights and obligations which are attached to the possession of the nationality of that country; or rights and obligations equivalent to those.
Državljan tretje države ali oseba brez državljanstva ne more imeti statusa begunca, če obstajajo tehtni razlogi za domnevo:
A third country national or a stateless person is excluded from being a refugee where there are serious reasons for considering that:
(a) je storil kaznivo dejanje proti miru, vojni zločin ali zločin proti človeštvu, kot so opredeljeni v mednarodnih instrumentih, ki določajo takšna kazniva dejanja;
(a) he or she has committed a crime against peace, a war crime, or a crime against humanity, as defined in the international instruments drawn up to make provision in respect of such crimes;
(b) da je storil težje nepolitično kaznivo dejanje izven države sprejemnice, preden ga je ta sprejela kot begunca (tj. preden mu je izdala dovoljenje za prebivanje, ki je temeljilo na podelitvi statusa begunca), tudi če so storjena zaradi domnevno političnih ciljev, se lahko izredno kruta dejanja štejejo za težja nepolitična kazniva dejanja;
(b) he or she has committed a serious non-political crime outside the country of refuge prior to his or her admission as a refugee; which means the time of issuing a residence permit based on the granting of refugee status; particularly cruel actions, even if committed with an allegedly political objective, may be classified as serious non-political crimes;
(c) da je kriv dejanj, ki nasprotujejo namenom in načelom Združenih narodov, določenim v Preambuli in členih 1 in 2 Listine Združenih narodov.
(c) he or she has been guilty of acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations as set out in the Preamble and Articles 1 and 2 of the Charter of the United Nations.
Odstavek 2 se uporablja za osebe, ki napeljujejo k izvrševanju kaznivih dejanj ali dejavnosti, navedenih v tem odstavku, ali pri njih kako drugače sodelujejo.
Paragraph 2 applies to persons who instigate or otherwise participate in the commission of the crimes or acts mentioned therein.
Status begunca
Refugee Status
Priznanje statusa begunca
Granting of refugee status
Države članice priznajo status begunca državljanu tretje države ali osebi brez državljanstva, ki izpolnjuje pogoje za begunca v skladu s poglavjema II in III.
Member States shall grant refugee status to a third country national or a stateless person, who qualifies as a refugee in accordance with Chapters II and III.
Preklic, odprava ali zavrnitev podaljšanja statusa begunca
Revocation of, ending of or refusal to renew refugee status
Pri prošnjah za mednarodno zaščito, ki so vložene po začetku veljavnosti Direktive 2004/83/ES , države članice prekličejo, odpravijo ali zavrnejo podaljšanje statusa begunca državljana tretje države ali osebe brez državljanstva, ki mu ga je priznal vladni, upravni, sodni ali parasodni organ, če je ta oseba prenehala biti begunec skladno s členom 11.
Concerning applications for international protection filed after the entry into force of Directive 2004/83/EC, Member States shall revoke, end or refuse to renew the refugee status of a third country national or a stateless person granted by a governmental, administrative, judicial or quasi-judicial body, if he or she has ceased to be a refugee in accordance with Article 11.
Brez poseganja v dolžnost begunca, da skladno s členom 4(1) razkrije vsa ustrezna dejstva in predloži vso ustrezno dokumentacijo, s katero razpolaga, država članica, ki je priznala status begunca, za vsak primer posebej izkaže, da je zadevna oseba prenehala biti begunec ali ni bila nikoli begunec skladno z odstavkom 1 tega člena.
Without prejudice to the duty of the refugee in accordance with Article 4(1) to disclose all relevant facts and provide all relevant documentation at his/her disposal, the Member State, which has granted refugee status, shall on an individual basis demonstrate that the person concerned has ceased to be or has never been a refugee in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article.
Države članice prekličejo, odpravijo ali zavrnejo podaljšanje statusa begunca državljanu tretje države ali osebi brez državljanstva, če po priznanju statusa begunca ugotovijo naslednje:
Member States shall revoke, end or refuse to renew the refugee status of a third country national or a stateless person, if, after he or she has been granted refugee status, it is established by the Member State concerned that:
(a) da bi moral biti ali da je izključen iz statusa begunca skladno s členom 12;
(a) he or she should have been or is excluded from being a refugee in accordance with Article 12;
(b) da je bilo njegovo napačno prikazovanje ali izpuščanje dejstev, vključno z lažnimi dokumenti, odločilnega pomena za dodelitev statusa begunca.
(b) his or her misrepresentation or omission of facts, including the use of false documents, were decisive for the granting of refugee status.
Države članice lahko prekličejo, odpravijo ali zavrnejo podaljšanje statusa begunca, ki ga je beguncu podelil vladni, upravni, sodni ali parasodni organ, kadar:
Member States may revoke, end or refuse to renew the status granted to a refugee by a governmental, administrative, judicial or quasi-judicial body, when:
(a) obstajajo utemeljeni razlogi, da se ga obravnava kot nevarnega za varnost države članice, v kateri se nahaja;
(a) there are reasonable grounds for regarding him or her as a danger to the security of the Member State in which he or she is present;
(b) po pravnomočni obsodbi za izredno težko kaznivo dejanje predstavlja nevarnost za skupnost te države članice.
(b) he or she, having been convicted by a final judgement of a particularly serious crime, constitutes a danger to the community of that Member State.
V situacijah iz odstavka 4 se lahko države članice odločijo, da beguncu ne priznajo statusa, če takšna odločitev še ni bila sprejeta.
In situations described in paragraph 4, Member States may decide not to grant status to a refugee, where such a decision has not yet been taken.
Osebe, za katere se uporabljata odstavka 4 ali 5, uživajo pravice iz členov 3, 4, 16, 22, 31, 32 in 33 Ženevske konvencije ter podobne pravice, v kolikor se te osebe nahajajo v zadevni državi članici.
Persons to whom paragraphs 4 or 5 apply are entitled to rights set out in or similar to those set out in Articles 3, 4, 16, 22, 31 and 32 and 33 of the Geneva Convention insofar as they are present in the Member State.
Pogoji, ki jih morajo izpolnjevati osebe za priznanje subsidiarne zaščite
Qualification for subsidiary protection
Resna škoda
Serious harm
Resna škoda zajema:
Serious harm consists of:
(a) smrtno kazen ali usmrtitev; ali
(a) death penalty or execution; or
(b) mučenje ali nehumano ali poniževalno ravnanje ali kazen prosilca v izvorni državi; ali
(b) torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment of an applicant in the country of origin, or
(c) resno in individualno grožnjo za življenje ali osebnost civilista zaradi samovoljnega nasilja v situacijah mednarodnega ali notranjega oboroženega spopada.
(c) serious and individual threat to a civilian's life or person by reason of indiscriminate violence in situations of international or internal armed conflict.
Državljan tretje države ali oseba brez državljanstva ni več upravičena do subsidiarne zaščite, kadar okoliščine, zaradi katerih ji je bil priznan status subsidiarne zaščite, prenehajo ali se spremenijo tako, da zaščita več ni potrebna.
A third country national or a stateless person shall cease to be eligible for subsidiary protection when the circumstances which led to the granting of subsidiary protection status have ceased to exist or have changed to such a degree that protection is no longer required.