natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Komisiji takoj sporočijo besedilo navedenih predpisov in korelacijsko tabelo med navedenimi predpisi in to direktivo .
They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions and a correlation table between those provisions and this Directive .
Komisiji takoj sporočijo besedilo navedenih predpisov.
They shall forthwith communicate to the Commission the text of those provisions.
VARNOSTNI CILJ
SAFETY OBJECTIVE
Temeljni varnostni cilj je delavce in splošno javnost zaščititi pred škodljivimi učinki ionizirajočega sevanja, ki ga lahko povzročijo jedrski objekti.
The fundamental safety objective is to protect workers and the general public from harmful effects of ionising radiation, which may be caused by nuclear insta l lations.
Za zaščito delavcev in splošne javnosti se z jedrskimi objekti upravlja tako, da se zagotavlja najvišje varnostne standarde, ki jih je mogoče doseči ob upoštevanju ekonomskih in socialnih faktorjev.
To ensure the protection of workers and the general public, nuclear insta l lations shall be operated so as to achieve the highest standards of safety that can reasonably be achieved ta k ing into account economic and social factors.
Poleg ukrepov, ki zadevajo varovanje zdravja in so navedeni v temeljnih standardih Euratom (direktiva 96/29/Euratom), se sprejmejo naslednji ukrepi:
In addition to the measures concerning health protection, laid down in the Euratom Basic Standards (Dire c tive 96/29/Euratom), the following measures shall be taken:
– omejevanje verjetnosti dogodkov, ki bi lahko privedli do izgube nadzora nad sredico jedrskega reaktorja, jedrsko verižno reakcijo, radioaktivnim virom, in
- restriction of the likelihood of events that might lead to a loss of control over a nuclear reactor core, nuclear chain reaction, radioactive source and
– blažitev posledic, če bi prišlo do omenjenih dogodkov.
- mitigation of the consequences of such events if they were to occur.
Temeljni varnostni cilj se upošteva pri vseh jedrskih objektih in v vseh fazah njihove življenjske dobe.
The fundamental safety objective shall be taken into account for all nuclear install a tions and for all stages over the lifetime of the nuclear installation.
VARNOSTNA NAČELA
SAFETY PRINCIPLES
Prvo načelo: Odgovornost za varnost
Principle 1: Responsibility for safety
Vsaka država članica zagotovi, da je za varnost jedrskega objekta primarno odgovoren imetnik ustreznega dovoljenja in da sprejme primerne ukrepe, s katerimi zagotavlja, da vsak imetnik dovoljenja izpolnjuje svoje odgovornosti.
Each Member State shall ensure that the prime responsibility for the s a fety of a nuclear installation rests with the holder of the relevant licence and shall take the appropriate steps to ensure that all such licence holders meet their respo n sibility.
1.1 Vsaka država članica zagotovi, da je imetnik dovoljenja izvedel ukrepe za:
1.1 Each Member State shall ensure that the licensee has impl e mented provisions for:
– vzpostavitev in ohranjanje potrebne usposobljenosti;
- establishing and maintaining the necessary competences;
– zagotavljanje ustreznega usposabljanja in informacij;
- providing adequate training and information;
– vzpostavitev postopkov in ureditve za ohranjanje varnosti v vseh razmerah;
- establishing procedures and arrangements to maintain safety under all co n ditions;
– preverjanje primerne zasnove in ustrezne kakovosti jedrskih objektov;
- verifying appropriate design and the adequate quality of nuclear install a tions;
– zagotavljanje varnega nadzora nad vsem radioaktivnim materialom, ki se uporabi, proizvede ali skladišči;
- ensuring the safe control of all radioactive material that is used, produced or stored;
– zagotavljanje varnega nadzora nad vsemi proizvedenimi radioaktivnimi odpadki
- ensuring the safe control of all radioactive waste that is generated
za izpolnjevanje odgovornosti v zvezi z varnostjo jedrskega objekta.
to fulfil the responsibility for the s a fety of a nuclear installation.
Obveznosti se izpolnijo v skladu z veljavnimi varnostnimi cilji in zahtevami, kot jih določi ali odobri upravni organ, njihovo izpolnitev pa je treba zagotoviti z izvajanjem sistema upravljanja.
These responsibilities shall be fulfilled in accordance with appl i cable safety objectives and requirements as established or approved by the regulatory body, and their fulfilment shall be e n sured through the implementation of a management system.
Drugo načelo: Vodstvo in upravljanje za varnost
Principle 2: Leadership and management for safety
V vseh organizacijah, ki jih zadeva jedrska varnost, je treba vzpostaviti in vzdrževati učinkovito vodstvo in upravljanje za varnost.
Effective leadership and management for safety must be e s tablished and sustained in all org a nisations concerned with nuclear safety .
2.1 Vodstvo, pristojno za varnostne zadeve, je na najvišji ravni organizacije.
2.1 Leadership in safety matters shall be demonstrated at the highest levels in an organisation.
Oblikuje in vzdržuje se učinkovit sistem upravljanja, ki vključuje vse elemente upravljanja, tako da se zahteve po varnosti določijo in izvajajo skladno z drugimi zahtevami, vključno s tistimi, ki se nanašajo na delovno uspešnost, kakovost in varnost, ter da varnost zaradi drugih zahtev ni ogrožena.
An effective management system shall be implemented and maintained, int e grating all elements of management so that requirements for safety are established and applied coherently with other requirements, including those relating to human performance, quality and sec u rity, and so that safety is not compromised by other requirements or d e mands.
S sistemom upravljanja se prav tako zagotovi spodbujanje varnostne kulture, redno ocenjevanje učinkovitosti varnosti ter uporabo znanja, pridobljenega z izkušnjami.
The management system also shall ensure the promotion of a safety culture, the regular assessment of safety performance and the application of lessons learned from e x perience.
2.2 Varnostna kultura, ki določa odnos vseh zadevnih organizacij in posameznikov do vprašanja varnosti in njihovo ravnanje v zvezi z njo, mora biti vključena v sistem upravljanja.
2.2 A safety culture that governs the attitudes and behaviour in relation to safety of all organ i zations and individuals concerned shall be integrated in to the management system.
Varnostna kultura zajema:
Safety culture i n cludes:
– individualno in skupno zavezanost varnosti vodstva, uprave in osebja na vseh ravneh;
- individual and collective commitment to safety on the part of the leadership, the management and personnel at all levels;
– odgovornost organizacij in posameznikov v zvezi z varnostjo na vseh ravneh;
- accountability of organisations and of individuals at all levels for safety;
– ukrepe za spodbujanje kritičnega odnosa in želje po učenju ter izogibanje samozadovoljnosti v zvezi z varnostjo.
- measures to encourage a questioning and learning attitude and to discourage compl a cency with regard to safety.
2.3 Sistem upravljanja prepozna celoten spekter medsebojnih vplivov med posamezniki in tehnologijo ter organizacijami na vseh ravneh.
2.3 The management system shall recognise the entire range of interactions of ind i viduals at all levels with technology and with organisations.
Da bi preprečili večje človeške in organizacijske napake v zvezi z varnostjo, se upošteva človeški dejavnik ter podpira uspešne rezultate in dobro prakso.
To prevent safety, significant human, and organisational failures, human factors shall be taken into a c count and good performance and good practices shall be su p ported.
Tretje načelo: Ocena varnosti
Principle 3: Assessment of Safety
Pred gradnjo in začetkom obratovanja jedrskega objekta ter med njegovo celotno življenjsko dobo se izvedejo celovite in sistematične varnostne ocene.
Comprehensive and systematic safety assessments shall be carried out before the construction and commissioning of a nuclear installation and throughout its lifetime.
Uporabi se stopenjski pristop, ki upošteva obseg morebitnih tveganj, ki jih predstavlja jedrski objekt.
A graded approach shall be used taking in a c count the magnitude of the potential risks arising from the nuclear insta l lation.
3.1 Upravni organ zahteva oceno jedrske varnosti za vse jedrske objekte, v skladu s stopenjskim pristopom.
3.1 The regulatory body shall require an assessment on nuclear safety for all nuclear installations, consistent with a graded a p proach.
Ocena o varnosti vključuje sistematično analizo normalnega delovanja in njegovih učinkov, načinov, na katere lahko pride do napak, ter posledic teh napak.
This safety assessment shall involve the systematic analysis of normal operation and its effects, of the ways in which fai l ures might occur and of the consequences of such failures.
Ocene o varnosti zajemajo varnostne ukrepe, potrebne za nadzor nevarnosti, načrtov in zasnovane varnostne značilnosti pa so ocenjeni, da se dokaže, da izpolnjujejo pričakovane varnostne naloge.
The safety assessments shall cover the safety measures necessary to control the hazard, and the design and engineered safety features shall be assessed to demonstrate that they fulfil the safety fun c tions required of them.
Kadar se zahtevajo nadzorni ukrepi ali ukrepi upravljavca za ohranitev varnosti, se opravi začetna ocena o varnosti, s katero se dokaže, da je ureditev trdna in zanesljiva.
Where control measures or operator a c tions are called on to maintain safety, an initial safety assessment shall be carried out to demonstrate that the arrangements made are robust and that they can be relied on.
Država članica odobri dovoljenje za jedrski objekt šele potem, ko se po presoji upravnega organa zadovoljivo pokaže, da so varnostni ukrepi, ki jih je predlagal imetnik dovoljenja, ustrezni.
An authorisation for a nuclear installation shall only be granted by a Member State once it has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the regulatory body that the safety mea s ures proposed by the licensee are ad e quate.
3.2 Zahtevana ocena varnosti se ponovi v celoti ali deloma, če je to potrebno kasneje pri izvajanju dejavnosti, da se upoštevajo spremenjene okoliščine (kot je uporaba novih standardov ali znanstvenega in tehnološkega razvoja), povratne informacije o izkušnjah pri delovanju, spremembe in učinki staranja.
3.2 The required safety assessment shall be repeated in whole or in part as nece s sary later in the conduct of operations in order to take into account changed ci r cumstances (such as the application of new standards or scientific and technolog i cal developments), the feedback of operating experience, modifications and the e f fects of ageing.
Za dejavnosti, ki se nadaljujejo za daljša obdobja, se ocene preverijo in ponovijo po potrebi.
For operations that continue over long periods of time, asses s ments shall be reviewed and repeated as necessary.
Nadaljevanje dejavnosti je pogojeno s ponovnimi ocenami, ki dokazujejo, da so varnostni ukrepi še vedno ustrezni.
Continuation of such operations shall be subject to these rea s sessments demonstrating that the safety measures remain adequate.
3.3 V okviru zahtevane ocene varnosti se določijo in analizirajo znanilci nesreče (predhodni dogodki, ki bi lahko privedli do nesreče) ter sprejmejo ukrepi za njeno preprečitev.
3.3 Within the required safety assessment precursors to accidents (an initiating event that could lead to accident conditions) shall be identified and analysed, and measures shall be taken to pr e vent the occurrence of accidents.
3.4 Za dodatno okrepitev varnosti se vzpostavijo postopki za povratne informacije in analizo obratovalnih izkušenj v lastnem objektu in drugih objektih, med drugim v zvezi s predhodnimi dogodki, znanilci nesreče, skorajšnjimi nesrečami, nesrečami in nedovoljenimi dejanji, da se na podlagi izkušenj pridobi in izmenja znanje in da se skladno s tem znanjem deluje.
3.4 To further enhance safety, processes shall be put in place for the feedback and analysis of operating experience in own and other facilities, including initiating events, accident precu r sors, "near misses", accidents and unauthorised acts, so that lessons may be learned, shared and acted upon.
Četrto načelo: Optimizacija varnosti
Principle 4: Optimisation of safety
Države članice zagotovijo, da so jedrski objekti izboljšani tako, da zagotovijo najvišjo raven varnosti, ki jo je razumno mogoče doseči, ne da bi čezmerno omejili njihovo obratovanje.
Member States shall ensure that nuclear installations are optimised to provide the highest level of safety that can reason a bly practicable be achieved without unduly limiting their o p eration.
4.1 Za optimizacijo varnosti je potrebna presoja glede relativnega pomena različnih dejavnikov, med katerimi so:
4.1 The optimisation of safety shall require judgements to be made about the relative signif i cance of various factors, including:
– verjetnost pojava predvidljivih dogodkov in posledice;
- the likelihood of the occurrence of foreseeable events and the resulting conseque n ces;
– velikost in razširjenost radiacijskih doz;
- the magnitude and distribution of radiation doses r e ceived;
– ekonomski, socialni in okoljski dejavniki, ki izhajajo iz nevarnosti sevanja;
- economic, social and environmental factors arising from the radiation risks.
– optimizacija varnosti pomeni tudi uporabo dobre prakse ter zdravega razuma, kolikor je to mogoče v vsakdanjih dejavnostih.
- The optimisation of safety also means using good practices and common sense as far as is practical in day to day activities.
Peto načelo: Preprečevanje in blažitev posledic
Principle 5: Prevention and mitigation
Države članice zagotovijo, da si na vse načine prizadeva za preprečevanje in ublažitev jedrskih nesreč ali nesreč, povezanih z jedrskimi objekti.
Member States shall ensure that all practical efforts are made to prevent and mitigate nuclear incidents and accidents in its nuclear installations.
5.1 Vsaka država članica zagotovi, da si imetnik dovoljenja na vse načine prizadeva za:
5.1 Each Member State shall ensure, that the licensees engage all practical efforts
– preprečitev ponovitve nenormalnih pogojev ali nesreč, ki bi lahko privedli do izgube nadzora;
- to prevent the occurrence of abnormal conditions or inc i dents that could lead to a loss of control;
– za preprečitev zaostritve nenormalnih pogojev ali nesreč, do katerih dejansko pride; ter
- to prevent the escalation of any such abnormal conditions or incidents that do occur; and
– blažitev morebitnih škodljivih učinkov nesreče
- to mitigate any harmful consequences of an accident.
z izvajanjem „obrambe v globino“.
by implementing “defence in depth”.
5.2 Z izvajanjem „obrambe v globino” se zagotovi, da nobena posamezna tehnična, človeška ali organizacijska napaka ne more privesti do škodljivih učinkov, ter se nadalje zagotovi izredno nizko verjetnost kombinacije napak, ki bi lahko spodbudile večje škodljive učinke.
5.2 The application of the defence in depth concept shall ensure that no single technical, h u man or organisational failure could lead to harmful effects, and that the combinations of failures that could give rise to significant harmful effects are of very low pr o bability.
5.3 „Obramba v globino” se izvaja s kombinacijo številnih zaporednih in neodvisnih ravni zaščite, ki bi morale vse odpovedati, da bi prišlo do škodljivih učinkov za delavce ali splošno javnost.
5.3 Defence in depth shall be implemented through the combination of a number of consecutive and independent levels of pr o tection that would all have to fail before harmful effects could be caused to workers or the general public.
Ravni „obrambe v globino” zajemajo:
The levels of d e fence in depth shall include:
– ustrezno izbiro lokacije;
- an adequate site selection
– ustrezno zasnovo jedrskega objekta, ki vključuje:
- an adequate design of the nuclear installation, consisting of
visoko kakovost zasnove in izgradnje;
High quality of design and construction
visoko zanesljivost sestavnih delov in opreme;
High reliability of components and equipment
nadzor, sisteme omejevanja in zaščite ter nadzorne elemente;
Control, limiting and protection systems and su r veillance features;
– ustrezno organizacijo, ki vključuje:
- an adequate organisation with
učinkovit sistem upravljanja, v katerem je uprava trdno zavezana varnostni kulturi;
An effective management system with a strong management commitment to safety culture
celovite operativne postopke in prakse;
Comprehensive operational procedures and practices
celovite postopke za upravljanje v primeru nesreč;
Comprehensive accident management procedures
predpise v zvezi s pripravljenostjo na izredne razmere.
Emergency preparedness arrangements
Šesto načelo: Pripravljenost in odziv na izredne razmere
Principle 6: Emergency preparedness and response
Države članice zagotovijo, da so predpisi v zvezi s pripravljenostjo in odzivi na izredne razmere v primeru nesreč v jedrskih objektih v skladu z direktivo 96/29/Euratom.
Members States shall ensure that arrangements are made for emergency preparedness and response for nuclear installations accidents according to Dire c tive 96/29/Euratom.
Temeljna varnostna načela IAEA in Konvencije o jedrski varnosti zajemajo tudi različne vrste dejavnosti in objektov, ki niso vključeni v predlagano direktivo.
The IAEA Safety Fundamental Principles and the CNS also cover a different range of activities/installations than those in the proposed Directive.
Priloga vključuje omenjena načela, ki so prilagojena za okvir EU in ki jih zajema ta predlog.
This Annex includes the relevant IAEA and CNS principles, adapted to the EU context, which are covered by the present proposal.
Pri njihovi prilagoditvi je treba pojasnitev člena 6.1, kot je predlagana v drugem predlogu spremembe, povezati s prilogo.
In adhering to the adaptation of the IAEA Safety Fundamentals and the CNS, the clarification of Article 6.1 as proposed in another amendment needs to be linked to the Annex.
Komisija želi s predlogom direktive ponovno sprožiti postopek oblikovanja skupnega okvira EU za jedrsko varnost, ki se je prvotno začel leta 2003.
The Commission's proposal for a Directive aims to restart the process of establishing a common EU framework on nuclear safety, initially launched in 2003.
Cilj je doseči okvir EU za jedrsko varnost, ki bo temeljil na številnih operativnih ciljih, in sicer na krepitvi vloge nacionalnih upravnih organov, povečanju njihove neodvisnosti in zagotovitvi visoke ravni preglednosti v zvezi z varnostjo jedrskih objektov.
The objective is to achieve an EU nuclear safety framework, based upon several operational objectives, namely enhancing the role of national regulators, reinforcing their independence and ensuring a high level of transparency on the safety of nuclear installations.
V ta predlog so vključena načela glavnih obstoječih mednarodnih instrumentov, kot je Konvencija o jedrski varnosti, pa tudi delo na področju varnosti, ki ga opravlja Mednarodna agencija za atomsko energijo (IAEA).
This proposal integrates the principles of the main international instruments available, such as the Convention on Nuclear Safety and the safety work carried out by the International Atomic Energy Agency.
Poročevalec posebej pozdravlja ta predlog, ki prispeva h krepitvi sedanjega evropskega pravnega okvira, s čimer se bosta izboljšala preglednost in upravljanje jedrskih dejavnosti.
The Rapporteur particularly welcomes this proposal which contributes to reinforcing the current European legal framework so as to enhance transparency and governance of nuclear activities.
Evropski parlament je večkrat pozval
The EP has consistently called
To je posebej pomembno zaradi pomena jedrske energije, ki se proizvaja v 15 od 27 držav članic in izpolnjuje približno tretjino potreb po električni energiji v Evropski uniji.
This is of particular importance given the significance of nuclear energy, which is produced in 15 out of 27 Member States and which meets around one-third of electricity demand in the EU.
Glede na sorazmeren „preporod“ jedrske energije – v štirih državah članicah je v izgradnji šest novih reaktorjev – in podaljšanje obratovanja jedrskih objektov, pa tudi glede na pomen jedrske energije kot bistvenega dejavnika pri doseganju neodvisnosti Evropske unije na področju energetske politike ter cilja zmanjševanja emisij CO 2 v boju proti podnebnim spremembam, se bo njen pomen verjetno še povečal.
The importance played by nuclear energy is also likely to increase, in the light of the relative "renaissance" of nuclear energy - six new reactors currently under construction in four Member States - and extension of the operating lifetime of power stations, as well as being one of the key factors in achieving an independent EU energy policy and the goal of decreasing CO 2 emissions in the combat against climate change.
V zvezi s tem bi želel poročevalec poudariti, da ima kljub temu, da je odločitev o vključitvi jedrske energije v mešanico energetskih virov prepuščena državam članicam, Evropska unija bistveno vlogo pri zagotavljanju razvoja tega vira energije, ki ga urejajo omejujoča pravila in regulativni okvir na podlagi Pogodbe Euratom.
In this regard, the Rapporteur would highlight that although the choice to include nuclear energy in the energy mix lies with the Member States, the European Union has a key role to ensure that this source of energy is developed while being governed by constraining rules and a regulatory framework through the Euratom Treaty.
Zdaj nesporno velja, da ima Komisija pristojnost na področju jedrske varnosti na podlagi členov 31 in 32 Pogodbe Euratom, da bi določila enotne varnostne standarde za zaščito delavcev in splošne javnosti ter zagotovila uporabo teh standardov, kot je bilo potrjeno v sodbi Sodišča Evropskih skupnosti v zadevi 29/99 Komisija proti Svetu
It is now established, without controversy, that the Commission has competency in the field of nuclear safety under the articles 31 and 32 of Euratom Treaty with the aim of laying down "uniform safety standards to protect the health of workers and of the general public and ensure that they are applied", as confirmed by the judgment of the Court of Justice in Case C-29/99 Commission v Council
Zadeva C-29/99, Komisija Evropskih skupnosti proti Svetu Evropske unije , Recueil 2002, str.
Case C-29/99 Commission of the European Communities v Council of the European Union ECR 2002, p.
Poleg tega pristop, ki ga je ohranila Komisija, utira pot razvoju zakonodajnega korpusa usklajenih standardov za jedrsko varnost in izpeljane zakonodaje, ki tvori okvir za nacionalna pravila držav članic o jedrski varnosti.
In addition, the approach retained by the Commission paves the way to the development of a legislative corpus on harmonised standards for nuclear safety and derived legislation forming the framework for the Member States' national rules on nuclear safety.
V zvezi z Euratomovi sporazumi o sodelovanju na področju jedrske varnosti sta pomembna tudi nadzor nad jedrskim materialom in pomoč tretjim državam, da bi zagotovili, da se vse jedrske dejavnosti opravljajo v skladu z najvišjimi varnostnimi standardi.
It is also vital as regards the Euratom cooperation agreements on nuclear safety, control of nuclear materials and assistance to third countries, in order to ensure that all nuclear activity is conducted in line with the highest standards of safety.
Zaradi tega ta predlog krepi mednarodno verodostojnost prispevka Euratoma na področju jedrske varnosti.
Therefore, this proposal reinforces the international credibility of Euratom contribution in the field of nuclear safety.
PRIPOROČILA POROČEVALCA
RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE RAPPORTEUR:
I – Možna politika:
I - Policy option:
Možna politika, ki jo je ohranila Komisija, sestoji iz priprave zakonodaje ES, ki oblikuje skupni okvir, temelječ na obstoječih mednarodnih pravilih, ki jih je pripravila že IAEA in jih dopolnjujejo dodatne zahteve za nove jedrske objekte, namen pa je doseganje, ohranjanje in stalno izboljševanje jedrske varnosti v Skupnosti.
The policy option retained by the Commission consists in the elaboration of an EC legislation that sets up a common framework built upon existing international rules already developed by the IAEA, complemented by additional requirements for new nuclear plants, with the aim of achieving, maintaining and continuously improving nuclear safety in the Community.