natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
G. ker torej politika sankcij EU vključuje sankcije Varnostnega sveta ZN, vendar so njeno področje uporabe in cilji širši kot področje uporabe in cilji politike Varnostnega sveta ZN (mednarodni mir in varnost),
G. whereas the EU sanctions policy therefore incorporates UN Security Council sanctions, but its scope and objectives are broader than those of the UN Security Council policy (international peace and security),
H. ker so sankcije eden od instrumentov, ki jih EU lahko uporabi za izvajanje svoje politike na področju človekovih pravic, pri čemer opozarja, da mora biti uporaba sankcij skladna s splošno strategijo Unije na zadevnem področju ter mora biti na seznamu prednostnih nalog zadnji ukrep za doseganje posebnih ciljev skupne zunanje in varnostne politike, ker je učinkovitost sankcij odvisna od tega, ali jih vse države članice uporabljajo sočasno,
H. whereas sanctions are one of the instruments which the EU may use to implement its policy on human rights ; recalling that the use of sanctions must be consistent with the Union’s overall strategy in the area concerned and must constitute the final attempt, in the list of priorities, to pursue the specific objectives of the CFSP; whereas the effectiveness of sanctions depends on their simultaneous application by all Member States,
I. ker ne pravo Skupnosti ne mednarodno pravo ne vključujeta pravne opredelitve, kaj je sankcija, zaradi česar mednarodna pravna doktrina obširno obravnava ta koncept, pri čemer obstoječa različna mnenja še niso uspešno razjasnjena; ker se kljub temu v okviru skupne zunanje in varnostne politike za sankcije ali omejevalne ukrepe v večini primerov štejejo ukrepi, ki v celoti ali delno prekinjajo ali zmanjšujejo diplomatske ali gospodarske odnose ter predvidoma omejujejo komunikacijo z eno ali več tretjimi državami in katerih namen je doseči spremembo določenih dejavnosti ali politik, kot so kršitve mednarodnega prava ali človekovih pravic, ali politik vlad tretjih držav, nedržavnih subjektov ali fizičnih in pravnih oseb, ki ne spoštujejo pravne države ali demokratičnih načel,
I. whereas neither Community law nor international law includes a legal definition of what is a sanction, with the result that the concept is widely debated in international legal doctrine and existing differences of opinion have not yet been satisfactorily clarified; whereas, within the framework of the CFSP, sanctions or restrictive measures are in most cases regarded as measures interrupting or reducing, wholly or in part, diplomatic or economic relations and possibly restricting communication with one or more third countries which seek to bring about a change in certain activities or policies, such as violations of international law or human rights, or policies that do not respect the rule of law or democratic principles by governments of third countries, non-state entities or natural and legal persons,
J. ker vrste omejevalnih ukrepov vključujejo različne ukrepe, kot so embargo na orožje, trgovinske sankcije, finančne/gospodarske sankcije, zamrznitev sredstev, prepoved poletov, omejevanje vstopa, diplomatske sankcije, bojkotiranje športnih in kulturnih dogodkov ter prenehanje sodelovanja s tretjo državo,
J. whereas the types of restrictive measures include a variety of measures such as arms embargoes, trade sanctions, financial/economic sanctions, freezing of assets, flight bans, restriction on admission, diplomatic sanctions, boycotts of sports and cultural events, and suspension of cooperation with a third country,
K. ker tako kot EU tudi ta resolucija brez razlikovanja uporablja izraza „sankcije“ in „omejevalni ukrepi“; ker je ta resolucija prevzela opredelitev ustreznih ukrepov iz člena 96 sporazuma iz Cotonouja
K. whereas, in line with general EU practice, this resolution makes no distinction between the terms ‘sanctions’ and ‘restrictive measures’; whereas this resolution takes over the definition of appropriate measures contained in Article 96 of the Cotonou Agreement
ČLEN 96
ARTICLE 96
Bistveni elementi: posvetovalni postopek in ustrezni ukrepi v zvezi s človekovimi pravicami, načeli demokratičnosti in vladavino prava.
Essential elements: consultation procedure and appropriate measures as regards human rights, democratic principles and the rule of law
V smislu tega člena se izraz „pogodbena stranka“ nanaša na Skupnost in države članice Evropske unije na eni strani in na posamezno državo AKP na drugi.
Within the meaning of this Article, the term ‘Party’ refers to the Community and the Member States of the European Union, of the one part, and each ACP State, of the other part.
2. (a) Če je rednemu političnemu dialogu navkljub, katera med pogodbenimi strankami mnenja, da druga pogodbena stranka ni izpolnila obveznosti, ki izhajajo iz spoštovanja človekovih pravic, načel demokratičnosti in vladavine prava iz člena 9(2), mora pogodbena stranka, razen v posebno nujnih primerih, drugi in Svetu ministrov predložiti ustrezne informacije, potrebne za temeljito preučitev nastalih razmer z namenom najti rešitev, ki je sprejemljiva za obe pogodbeni stranki.
2.(a) If, despite the political dialogue conducted regularly between the Parties, a Party considers that the other Party has failed to fulfil an obligation stemming from respect for human rights, democratic principles and the rule of law referred to in paragraph 2 of Article 9, it shall, except in cases of special urgency, supply the other Party and the Council of Ministers with the relevant information required for a thorough examination of the situation with a view to seeking a solution acceptable to the Parties.
Zaradi tega povabi drugo pogodbeno stranko k posvetovanju, namenjenemu ukrepom, ki jih je pogodbena stranka sprejela ali bi jih naj sprejela za ureditev obstoječih razmer.
To this end, it shall invite the other Party to hold consultations that focus on the measures taken or to be taken by the party concerned to remedy the situation.
Posvetovanje poteka na ravni in v obliki, glede katerih so pogodbene stranke mnenja, da sta najustreznejši za iskanje skupne rešitve.
The consultations shall be conducted at the level and in the form considered most appropriate for finding a solution.
Posvetovanje se začne najkasneje 15 dni po vabilu in traja toliko časa, kolikor je medsebojno dogovorjeno, odvisno od vrste in resnosti kršitve.
The consultations shall begin no later than 15 days after the invitation and shall continue for a period established by mutual agreement, depending on the nature and gravity of the violation.
Posvetovanje v nobenem primeru ne sme trajati dlje kot 60 dni.
In any case, the consultations shall last no longer than 60 days.
Če posvetovanje ne pripelje k rešitvi sprejemljivi za obe pogodbeni stranki, ali če se posvetovanje zavrne ali v posebno nujnih primerih, se lahko sprejme ustrezne ukrepe.
If the consultations do not lead to a solution acceptable to both Parties, if consultation is refused, or in cases of special urgency, appropriate measures may be taken.
Ti ukrepi prenehajo veljati takoj, ko prenehajo razlogi zanje.
These measures shall be revoked as soon as the reasons for taking them have disappeared.
(b) Izraz „posebno nujni primeri“ se nanaša na izjemne primere izredno hude in grobe kršitve katerega od bistvenih elementov Sporazuma iz odstavka 2 člena 9, ki pogojuje takojšen odziv.
(b) The term ‘cases of special urgency’ shall refer to exceptional cases of particularly serious and flagrant violation of one of the essential elements referred to in paragraph 2 of Article 9, that require an immediate reaction.
Pogodbena stranka, ki uporabi postopek posebno nujnih primerov, o tem uradno obvesti drugo pogodbeno stranko in Svet ministrov in vsakega posebej, razen če za to nima časa.
The Party resorting to the special urgency procedure shall inform the other Party and the Council of Ministers separately of the fact unless it does not have time to do so.
(c) Izraz „ustrezni ukrepi“ iz tega člena pomeni ukrepe, sprejete v skladu z mednarodnim pravom in sorazmerno s kršitvijo.
(c) The ‘appropriate measures’ referred to in this Article are measures taken in accordance with international law, and proportional to the violation.
Pri izbiri teh ukrepov se daje prednost tistim, ki kar najmanj ovirajo uporabo tega sporazuma.
In the selection of these measures, priority must be given to those which least disrupt the application of this agreement.
Razume se, da se prekinitev Sporazuma uporabi kot zadnjo možnost.
It is understood that suspension would be a measure of last resort.
Če se ukrepe sprejme v posebno nujnih primerih, se o tem takoj uradno obvesti drugo pogodbeno stranko in Svet ministrov.
If measures are taken in cases of special urgency, they shall be immediately notified to the other Party and the Council of Ministers.
Na zaprosilo pogodbene stranke se lahko skliče posvetovanje, z namenom temeljite preučitve nastalih razmer in, če je to možno, z namenom skupne rešitve.
At the request of the Party concerned, consultations may then be called in order to examine the situation thoroughly and, if possible, find solutions.
Posvetovanje se izvaja v skladu z ureditvami iz drugega in tretjega pododstavka odstavka (a). ,
These consultations shall be conducted according to the arrangements set out in the second and third subparagraphs of paragraph (a). ,
L. ker same sankcije EU temeljijo na različnih pravnih podlagah glede na natančne značilnosti omejevalnih ukrepov, pravno naravo odnosov z zadevno tretjo državo ter zadevne sektorje in cilje; ker ti dejavniki določajo postopek za sprejetje sankcij – za katere je pogosto, vendar ne vedno, potrebno skupno stališče skupne zunanje in varnostne politike in torej soglasje v Svetu – in zakonodajni postopek, ki ga je treba upoštevati, da so sankcije pravno zavezujoče in izvršljive, pri čemer je skupni postopek določen v členu 301 Pogodbe ES,
L. whereas EU sanctions themselves are founded on a variety of legal bases, depending on the exact nature of the restrictive measures and on the legal nature of the relations with the third country concerned, as well as on the sectors and objectives in question; whereas these factors determine both the procedure for adoption of the sanctions – which often, but not always, require a CFSP Common Position and therefore unanimity within the Council – and the legislative procedure to be followed in order to make the sanctions legally binding and enforceable, the common procedure being that set out in Article 301 of the EC Treaty,
M. ker so prepovedi izdaje vizumov in embargi na orožje najpogosteje uvedene sankcije skupne zunanje in varnostne politike ter predstavljajo enega od začetnih ukrepov v zaporedju sankcij EU; ker sta ti dve vrsti ukrepov edina ukrepa, ki ju neposredno izvajajo države članice, saj v skladu s Pogodbo ES zanju ni potrebna posebna zakonodaja o sankcijah; ker je po drugi strani za finančne sankcije (zamrznitev sredstev) in trgovinske sankcije treba sprejeti posebno zakonodajo o sankcijah,
M. whereas visa bans and arms embargoes have become the most frequently imposed CFSP sanctions and constitute one of the initial steps in the EU’s sanctions sequence; whereas these two types of measures are the only ones directly implemented by the Member States due to the fact that they do not require specific sanctions legislation under the EC Treaty; whereas, on the other hand, financial sanctions (asset freezing) and trade sanctions require the adoption of specific sanctions legislation,
N. ker so v skladu z navedenimi osnovnimi merili glede uporabe omejitvenih ukrepov (sankcij) in smernic na tem področju ciljno usmerjene sankcije lahko učinkovitejše kot splošnejše sankcije in so zato bolj zaželene; prvič zato, ker se z njimi izognemo negativnim učinkom za večji del prebivalstva in drugič zato, ker neposredno zadevajo odgovorne osebe in je zato verjetneje, da bodo povzročile spremembe v politikah, ki jih te osebe izvajajo;
N. whereas, in accordance with the abovementioned basic principles regarding the use of restrictive measures (sanctions) and the guidelines on the subject, targeted sanctions can be more effective than more general sanctions, and are hence preferable, firstly because they avoid negative consequences for a larger proportion of the population and, secondly, because they directly affect the people responsible and are thus more likely to bring about change in the policies pursued by those people,
O. ker se priznava obstoj ukrepov, ki niso označeni kot „sankcije“, čeprav jih sprejme Svet v sklepih predsedstva, in ki se hkrati razlikujejo od drugih omejevalnih ukrepov, ki so navedeni kot orodje skupne zunanje in varnostne politike,
O. acknowledging the existence of measures which, while they are adopted by the Council in Presidency Conclusions, are not labelled ‘sanctions’ and differ, at the same time, from the other restrictive measures listed as a CFSP tool,
P. ker gospodarske odnose med EU in tretjimi državami pogosto urejajo sektorski dvostranski ali večstranski sporazumi, ki jih mora EU spoštovati pri uporabi sankcij; ker mora EU zato po potrebi razveljaviti ali odpovedati zadevni sporazum, preden uporabi gospodarske sankcije, ki niso združljive s pravicami, ki so zadevni tretji državi podeljene v obstoječem sporazumu,
P. whereas economic relations between the EU and third states are often governed by sectoral bilateral or multilateral agreements which the EU is required to respect while applying sanctions; whereas, where necessary, the EU should therefore suspend or denounce the relevant agreement before applying economic sanctions which are not compatible with the rights granted to the third country in question by an existing agreement,
Q. ker odnose med EU in tretjimi državami pogosto urejajo dvostranski ali večstranski sporazumi, ki eni od pogodbenic omogočajo sprejetje ustreznih ukrepov v primeru, da druga pogodbenica krši bistven element sporazuma, zlasti spoštovanje človekovih pravic, mednarodnega prava, demokratičnih načel in pravne države (klavzula o človekovih pravicah), pri čemer je sporazum iz Cotonouja pomemben primer,
Q. whereas relations between the EU and third states are often governed by bilateral or multilateral agreements which allow one of the parties to take appropriate measures in cases of violation by the other party of an essential element of the agreement, namely respect for human rights, international law, democratic principles and the rule of law (the human rights clause), the Cotonou Agreement being a prominent example,
R. ker mora biti uvedba in uporaba omejevalnih ukrepov skladna s človekovimi pravicami in humanitarnim mednarodnim pravom, vključno s pravico do predpisanega sodnega postopka in učinkovitega pravnega sredstva ter sorazmernosti, in mora zagotoviti ustrezne izjeme, da se upoštevajo osnovne človekove potrebe zadevnih oseb, kot je dostop do osnovnošolskega izobraževanja, pitne vode in osnovne zdravstvene oskrbe, tudi osnovnih zdravil; ker je treba pri politiki sankcij v celoti upoštevati standarde, ki jih postavljajo Ženevska konvencija, Konvencija o otrokovih pravicah, Mednarodni pakt o gospodarskih, socialnih in kulturnih pravicah ter resolucija Združenih narodov v zvezi z zaščito civilistov in otrok v oboroženih spopadih,
R. whereas the introduction and implementation of restrictive measures must comply with human rights and humanitarian international law, including due process and the right to an effective remedy, as well as proportionality, and must provide for appropriate exemptions to take account of basic human needs of the targeted persons, such as access to primary education, to drinkable water and to basic medical care including basic medicines; whereas a sanctions policy has to take fully into account the standards established by the Geneva Convention, the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as well as the UN resolutions concerning the protection of civilians and of children in armed conflict,
S. ker je verodostojnost EU in njenih posameznih držav članic v primeru, ko se zdi, da so sankcije EU kršene ali ko so resnično kršene, ogrožena, in ker je bil Robert Mugabe povabljen, da se 8. in 9. decembra 2007 v Lizboni udeleži vrha EU-Afrika kljub temu, da mu je bil dostop na vsa ozemlja držav članic EU uradno prepovedan na podlagi skupnega stališča 2004/161/SZVP z dne 19. februarja 2004 o podaljšanju omejitvenih ukrepov proti Zimbabveju
S. whereas the credibility of the EU and its individual Member States is compromised when EU sanctions appear to be or actually are broken, and whereas Robert Mugabe was invited to attend the EU-Africa Summit in Lisbon on 8-9 December 2007 despite having been formally banned from all territories of EU Member States under Council Common Position 2004/161/CFSP of 19 February 2004 renewing restrictive measures against Zimbabwe
OJ L 50, 20.2.2004, p.
OJ L 50, 20.2.2004, p.
66. , kot je bilo nazadnje podaljšano s skupnim stališčem Sveta 2008/135/SVZP z dne 18. februarja 2008
66. as most recently extended by Council Common Position 2008/135/CFSP of 18 February 2008
OJ L 43, 19.2.2008, p.
OJ L 43, 19.2.2008, p.
Splošni premislek za učinkovito politiko sankcij EU
General considerations with a view to an effective EU sanctions policy
2. meni, da razlike v pravnih podlagah za izvajanje politike sankcij EU, ki vključuje različne ravni odločanja, izvajanja in nadzora, spodkopavajo njeno preglednost in povezanost, posledično pa njeno verodostojnost;
Considers that disparities in the legal bases for the implementation of the EU’s sanctions policy, involving different decision-making, implementation and supervision levels, are undermining the transparency and coherence of European sanctions policy and, as a result, the credibility thereof;
5. meni, da mora biti uporaba sankcij predvidena v primeru ravnanja organov, ki pomeni resno ogrožanje varnosti in človekovih pravic, ali v primeru, ko se zaradi tretje stranke izčrpajo vse možnosti pogodbenih in/ali diplomatskih odnosov ali ko ti ostanejo na mrtvi točki;
Considers that recourse to sanctions should be envisaged in the case of actions by authorities which seriously undermine security and human rights or where all contractual and/or diplomatic options have been explored or have clearly reached stalemate, owing to the actions of the third party;
8. je v zvezi s tem prepričan, da morata izvajanje in ocena sankcij Evropske unije zaradi kršenja človekovih pravic načeloma prevladati nad morebitno škodo, ki jo zaradi uvedbe sankcij utrpijo trgovinski interesi Evropske unije in njenih državljanov;
Believes in this respect that the application and evaluation of sanctions by the European Union for infringements of human rights must in principle prevail over any harm deriving from their application to the trading interests of the European Union and its citizens;
13. meni, da je učinkovitost sankcije odvisna od sposobnosti Evropske unije, da jo izvaja celotno obdobje, ter v zvezi s tem obžaluje uporabo določb, kot so določbe o časovni omejitvi, ki omogočajo samodejno odpravo sankcij;
Believes that the effectiveness of a sanction depends on the European Union’s capacity to maintain it for the full period and, in this connection, deplores the use of provisions such as ‘sunset clauses’ involving the automatic lifting of sanctions;
16. poudarja, da je glavni namen sankcij doseči spremembo politike ali dejavnosti v skladu s cilji skupnega stališča SZVP ali sklepi, ki jih sprejme Svet, ali mednarodnim sklepom, na katerem sankcije temeljijo;
Points out that the main purpose of sanctions is to bring about a change of policy or activities in line with the objectives of the CFSP Common Position or conclusions adopted by the Council, or the international decision on which the sanctions are based;
18. poudarja, da se izvajanje klavzule o človekovih pravicah ne more šteti za popolnoma avtonomno ali enostransko sankcijo EU, saj izhaja neposredno iz dvostranskega ali večstranskega sporazuma, ki določa vzajemno obveznost glede spoštovanja človekovih pravic; meni, da ustrezni ukrepi, ki so sprejeti v skladu s to klavzulo, zadevajo izključno izvajanje zadevnega sporazuma, ki vsaki pogodbenici daje zakonito podlago, da prekine ali razveljavi sporazum; zato meni, da je izvajanje klavzul o človekovih pravicah in avtonomnih ali enostranskih sankcij njuno dopolnilno;
Stresses that the implementation of the human rights clause cannot be regarded as an entirely autonomous or unilateral EU sanction, as it stems directly from the bilateral or multilateral agreement, which establishes a reciprocal undertaking to respect human rights; considers that appropriate measures taken in accordance with this clause exclusively concern the implementation of the relevant agreement in giving either party the lawful basis for suspending or annulling the agreement; considers, therefore, that the implementation of human rights clauses and autonomous or unilateral sanctions necessarily complement each other;
21. meni, da lahko nesprejetje ustreznih in omejevalnih ukrepov v primeru stalnih kršitev človekovih pravic resno ogrozi strategijo o človekovih pravicah, politiko sankcij in verodostojnost Unije;
Considers that failure to take appropriate or restrictive measures in the event of a situation marked by persistent human rights violations seriously undermines the Union’s human rights strategy, sanctions policy and credibility;
Usklajeno ukrepanje mednarodne skupnosti
Coordinated action by the international community
28. poziva Svet in Komisijo, da na dnevni red sistematično vključita politične dialoge z državami, ki ne sankcionirajo, vprašanje njihove vloge in vpliva v zvezi s ciljnim režimom ali nedržavnimi subjekti ne glede na to, ali gre za posameznike, organizacije ali podjetja;
Calls on the Council and the Commission systematically to include on the agenda for political dialogues with non-sanctioning states the issue of their role and influence vis-à-vis the target regime or non-state actors, whether individuals, organisations or companies;
30. poudarja potrebo po poglobljeni analizi vsakega posameznega primera, preden se sprejmejo sankcije, da se oceni možen učinek različnih sankcij in določi, katere sankcije so najučinkovitejše glede na vse ostale pomembne dejavnike in primerljive izkušnje; meni, da je takšna predhodna preučitev toliko bolj utemeljena, ker se je težko vrniti nazaj, ko se postopek sankcij enkrat začne, ne da bi to ogrozilo verodostojnost EU ali izražanje podpore EU prebivalstvu ciljne tretje države, glede na to, da lahko organi te države izrabijo odločitev EU; v tem smislu upošteva sedanjo prakso, po kateri Svet razpravlja o ustreznosti, naravi in učinkovitosti predlaganih sankcij na podlagi ocene vodij misije v zadevni državi, ter poziva k vključitvi neodvisnega strokovnega poročila v takšno oceno;
Underlines the need for an in-depth analysis of each specific situation prior to the adoption of sanctions in order to assess the potential impact of different sanctions, and to determine which are the most effective in the light of all other relevant factors and comparable experiences; considers that such prior analysis is all the more justified since it is difficult to backtrack once the sanctions process has been initiated without undermining the EU’s credibility and the expression of the EU’s support for the population of the target third country, given the fact that the country’s authorities can instrumentalise the EU decision; takes note in this respect of the current practice whereby the appropriateness, nature and effectiveness of the proposed sanctions are discussed in the Council on the basis of assessment by the Heads of Mission in the country concerned, and calls for the inclusion of an independent expert’s report in such assessment;