natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Evropska unija že zdaj pogojuje dodelitev nekaterih trgovinskih preferencialov tretjim državam z ratifikacijo glavnih konvencij Mednarodne organizacije dela in več pogodb Združenih narodov o človekovih pravicah (Mednarodni pakt o državljanskih in političnih pravicah, Mednarodni pakt o ekonomskih, socialnih in kulturnih pravicah, Konvencija o odpravi prisilnega dela ...).
The European Union already makes the award of certain trade preferences to third countries conditional on the ratification by the latter of the main conventions adopted by the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and a number of United Nations agreements on human rights (International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Convention on the Abolition of Forced Labour, etc.).
Evropska unija se je že leta 2006 zavezala, da bo skozi vse svoje zunanje politike, vključno s trgovinsko politiko, spodbujala „dostojno delo“, kar je cilj Mednarodne organizacije dela in Organizacije združenih narodov.
Since 2006 it has also been committed to promoting 'decent work', an ILO and UN objective, through all its external policies, including its common commercial policy.
Poleg tega dvostranski sporazumi o prosti trgovini zdaj vsebujejo poglavje o trajnostnem razvoju, ki vključuje sklop okoljskih in družbenih ciljev.
Finally, its bilateral free trade agreements now incorporate a chapter on sustainable development which sets a number of environmental and social objectives.
Vse pogosteje so trgovinski sporazumi EU del širših sporazumov o partnerstvu ali pridružitvenih sporazumov, ki zajemajo politično sodelovanje in zaveze na področju trajnostnega razvoja ter človekovih pravic.
What is more, with increasing frequency the trade agreements concluded by the EU represent just one aspect of broader partnership or association agreements encompassing political cooperation and undertakings concerning sustainable development and human rights.
Zato je jasno, da trgovine po načelih, ki jo opredeljujejo ni mogoče ločevati od drugih notranjih in zunanjih politik Evropske unije.
It is clear, therefore, that in terms of the principles underpinning it trade is inextricably linked to the European Union's other internal or external policies.
Eden izmed razlogov za ta, ki sicer ni značilen samo za Evropo, je spoznanje, da ima liberalizacija trgovine od države do države zelo različne gospodarske in družbene učinke, ki jih je treba nadzorovati in včasih tudi uravnavati, saj so v tem procesu vedno zmagovalci in poraženci.
The thinking behind this approach, which is not unique to Europe, stems partly from a recognition of the fact that the economic and social impact of trade liberalisation varies very substantially from country to country and that that impact must be managed and sometimes offset, because liberalisation is a process in which there are always winners and losers.
Razvoj mednarodne trgovine je vsestransko koristen le, če so izpolnjeni nekateri pogoji, saj dobički v posameznih državah nikoli niso enakomerno porazdeljeni med različnimi sektorji družbe in gospodarstva.
The expansion in international trade is universally beneficial only if certain conditions are met, since the gains in each country are never distributed fairly among all sectors of society and the economy.
Zato je treba urediti okvir odprte trgovine, vključno s praktičnimi ureditvami za njen potek in obseg, kar je postalo še očitnejše zaradi pospeševanja procesa globalizacije.
Hence the need to manage the liberalisation of trade, including the practical arrangements for and the volume of trade, a need which has come to be felt even more strongly as the globalisation process has speeded up.
Liberalizacijo mednarodne trgovine spremlja tudi močna konkurenca med državami za privabljanje tujih naložb in krepitev konkurence med podjetji.
What is more, the liberalisation of international trade has been accompanied by ferocious competition among countries seeking to attract foreign investors and stiffer competition between undertakings.
Vse prevečkrat je to pripeljalo do zlorab na področju pogojev dela, demokratičnih svoboščin in do uničevanja okolja.
All too often this has led to abuses in the areas of working conditions and democratic freedoms and to environmental damage.
Takih primerov je veliko.
The examples are legion.
Zato je za Evropo in tudi za mednarodno skupnost nujno: da po preprosti logiki v pravila, ki urejajo mednarodno trgovino, vključujeta učinkovita jamstva za trajnostni razvoj in delavske pravice.
Europe, and the international community as a whole, are thus faced with an imperative: simple logic, requires them to incorporate into the rules governing international trade genuine guarantees concerning sustainable development and labour rights.
Ta zahteva, ki je v skladu s cilji Združenih narodov in tudi Evropske unije, je pravi odgovor na pričakovanja državljanov v Evropi.
That imperative, which is consistent with the objectives of both the United Nations and the European Union, chimes exactly with public expectations in Europe.
Sem spada tudi oblikovanje posebnega pristopa k vprašanju odgovornosti podjetij na področju socialne zaščite in varstva okolja.
It also requires a specific approach to be defined to the issue of the social and environmental responsibility of undertakings.
Nadnacionalne družbe so tiste, ki imajo med podjetji največjo vlogo v svetovni trgovini.
Among undertakings, it is the transnational corporations which play the key role in world trade.
Odprti trgi so prav njim prinesli največ koristi, saj so lahko del svoje proizvodnje preselile drugam ter povečale raznovrstnost dobavne verige s poslovanjem v državah z nizkimi stroški proizvodnje in manj strogimi predpisi.
They have taken advantage of market liberalisation to externalise part of their production and to diversify their supply arrangements, drawing on countries where production costs are low and regulatory regimes are less stringent.
Pričakovanja, da morajo ta podjetja ukrepati na področju družbene odgovornosti, veljajo tudi za njihove hčerinske družbe in podizvajalce v teh državah, iz katerih je organiziran večji del mednarodne trgovine z Evropo.
The expectation that such corporations should act in a socially responsible manner thus applies equally to their subsidiaries and their subcontractors in those countries, from which they organise a large proportion of the international trade involving Europe.
Trije izzivi, en sam cilj
Three issues, one objective
Spodbujanje družbene in okoljske odgovornosti podjetij pri trgovanju zajema tri velike izzive Evrope.
Fundamentally, measures to promote corporate social and environmental responsibility in the area of trade touch on three issues of major importance to Europe:
Moralni izziv: pogosto so naša podjetja tista, ki morajo spremeniti ravnanje, da bi postala bolj družbeno in okoljsko odgovorna, zlasti, ko delujejo v državah v razvoju.
A moral issue: very often it is our own undertakings whose behaviour needs to change in order to be consistent with the principles underpinning social and environmental responsibility, in particular as regards their actions in developing countries.
Gospodarski in socialni izziv: nespoštovanje načel družbene odgovornosti podjetij je oblika socialnega in okoljskega dampinga, predvsem na račun proizvodnje in delavcev v Evropi, ki so dolžni spoštovati strožje socialne in okoljske standarde.
An economic and social issue: non-compliance with the principles underpinning CSR constitutes a form of social and environmental dumping, to the detriment of undertakings and workers in Europe, who are required to meet more stringent social and environmental standards.
Politični izziv: usklajenost naših politik v globalizaciji in vloga Evropske unije, od katere državljani pričakujejo zaščito v svetu, v katerem so predpisi neurejeni.
A political issue: our policies in the context of globalisation must be consistent and the European Union must meet public expectations by offering ordinary Europeans protection in a deregulated world.
Vključevanje družbene odgovornosti gospodarskih družb v pravila mednarodne trgovine
Making CSR part of the rules governing international trade
Doslej trgovine in družbene odgovornosti gospodarskih družb nikoli ni bilo mogoče v celoti združiti.
Hitherto, the link between trade and CSR has been tenuous at best.
Razlog za to je preprost: mednarodno trgovino urejajo dogovori med državami, ki državam podpisnicam določajo pravno obvezujoča pravila; družbena odgovornost gospodarskih družb pa temelji na neobvezujočih pravilih, ki jih podjetja sprejmejo prostovoljno.
The reason is obvious: international trade is governed by agreements between States which lay down legal rules binding on those States; CSR is based on non-binding rules which undertakings agree to comply with on a voluntary basis.
Z vključitvijo načel družbene odgovornosti gospodarskih družb v pravila mednarodne trgovine bi EU lahko od podjetij zahtevala, naj izboljšajo svoje ravnanje, od držav, ki sklepajo trgovinske sporazume, pa spoštovanje delavskih in okoljskih standardov.
Incorporating CSR principles into the rules governing international trade would enable the EU to exert pressure on undertakings to improve their behaviour and on the States which sign trade agreements with it to comply with labour and environmental standards.
Družbena odgovornost gospodarskih družb: ideja, ki prihaja v ospredje...
CSR, an idea which is gaining ground ...
Družbena odgovornost gospodarskih družb ima dolgo zgodovino; začela se je s smernicami OECD iz leta 1976, ki so podpirale sindikalno gibanje.
CSR already has a long history, starting with the OECD Guidelines issued in 1976 with the support of the trade union movement.
Sledila jim je tristranska deklaracija Mednarodne organizacije dela o mednarodnih podjetjih, leta 2000 pa je Kofi Annan sprožil svetovni pakt Združenih narodov.
They were followed by the ILO’s tripartite declaration concerning international undertakings and the United Nations Global Compact launched by Kofi Annan in 2000.
Te smernice so prinesle vrsto priporočil, ki jih vlade uveljavljajo pri večnacionalnih družbah, obravnavajo pa zlasti zaposlovanje, odnose s socialnimi partnerji, človekove pravice, okolje, boj proti korupciji, interese potrošnikov, konkurenco in utajo davkov.
The OECD Guidelines laid down a set of recommendations which governments address to multinational corporations concerning, in particular, employment and relations with the social partners, human rights, the environment, the fight against corruption, consumer interests, competition and tax evasion.
Odtlej so bile sprejete številne pobude za oblikovanje mehanizmov za nadzor teh kodeksov ravnanja in oznak za potrditev zavezanosti gospodarskih družb k družbeni odgovornosti.
Since then, many proposals have been made to establish mechanisms for monitoring compliance with these codes of good conduct and labels certifying that undertakings have made a commitment to abide by CSR principles.
Evropska unija je to vprašanje obravnavala v zeleni knjigi iz leta 2001, ki sta ji sledili bela knjiga ter ustanovitev večstranskega foruma o družbeni odgovornosti gospodarskih družb za spodbujanje evropskega okvira in strategije za družbeno odgovornost gospodarskih družb.
The European Union considered the issue in a Green Paper, which was published in 2001 and was followed by the publication of a White Paper and the establishment of a Plurilateral Forum on CSR with the aim of encouraging the development of a European framework and strategy to foster CSR.
Velika evropska podjetja so se pridružila okviru mreže „družbena odgovornost gospodarskih družb za Evropo“, ki je bila ustanovljena leta 1995 na pobudo Jacquesa Delorsa.
Major European undertakings have joined the ‘CSR Europe’ network set up in 1995 at the instigation of Jacques Delors.
Danes Komisija v skladu s svojim sporočilom iz leta 2006 meni, da je družbena odgovornost gospodarskih družb eden od tistih vidikov evropskega socialnega modela, ki ob okrepljeni svetovni konkurenci zagotavlja obrambo solidarnosti, kohezije in enakih možnosti.
Today, as it made clear in its 2006 communication on the subject, the Commission regards CSR as an aspect of the European social model which represents a way of safeguarding solidarity, cohesion and equal opportunities in the context of increased global competition.
Cilj je, da EU postane „središče odličnosti“ na področju družbene odgovornosti gospodarskih družb in da se zagotovi, da zunanje politike, ki jih EU izvaja, in evropska podjetja, ki vlagajo v tretjih državah, učinkovito prispevajo k družbenemu razvoju.
The stated goal is to make the EU a ‘pole of excellence’ in CSR and to ensure that the external policies it implements and the European undertakings which invest in third countries make a genuine contribution to social development.
Parlament je sprejel številna poročila in podrobne predloge za okrepitev družbene odgovornosti gospodarskih družb (na primer resoluciji iz leta 1999 in 2003 in zlasti poročilo Howitt, ki je bilo sprejeto marca 2007) in za to, da bi spoštovanje delavskih in okoljskih standardov dobilo vidnejšo vlogo v trgovinskih sporazumih EU (zlasti poročilo Désireja, sprejeto oktobra 2001 in poročilo Désireja in Panayatopoulosa, sprejeto maja 2007).
For its part, Parliament has adopted a number of reports and detailed proposals with the aim of strengthening CSR (for example its 1999 and 2003 resolutions and, in particular, the Howitt report adopted in March 2007) and of making compliance with labour and environmental standards a more significant component of EU trade agreements (in particular the Désir report adopted in October 2001 and the Désir and Panayatopoulos report adopted in May 2007).
... in ki mora biti v središču trgovinskih sporazumov EU
... and which must be at the heart of the EU’s trade agreements
Družbena odgovornost gospodarskih družb ter socialne in okoljske klavzule v trgovinskih sporazumih imajo isti namen: pravičnejša, bolj socialna in bolj človeška globalizacija, ki prispeva k trajnostnemu razvoju.
CSR and the social and environmental clauses in trade agreements pursue the same objective: fairer, more socially just, more human globalisation in the service of sustainable development.
Do sedaj pa so odražale dva vzporedna, vendar ločena pristopa
Hitherto, however, they have reflected two parallel, but separate, approaches
Četudi sporazum o prosti trgovini s Korejo omenja družbeno odgovornost gospodarskih družb, je ta omemba zelo omejena in ni neposredno povezana z izpolnjevanjem trgovinskih obveznosti. .
The free trade agreement with South Korea does make reference to CSR, but only in a very limited way and without establishing any direct link with the trade provisions. .
Če bi oba pristopa združili, bi se s tem vzajemno okrepila, in prav gotovo ne ogrozila.
If the two approaches can be combined, they will strengthen, and certainly not undermine, one another.
Socialne določbe v trgovinskih sporazumih bi se okrepile z vključevanjem družbene odgovornosti gospodarskih družb, ki se osredotoča na ravnanje podjetij.
The social clauses in trade agreements will be strengthened by the incorporation of the concept of CSR, which concerns the behaviour of undertakings.
Družbeno odgovornost gospodarskih družb pa bi podprla moč trgovinskih sporazumov, zlasti nadzorni okvir, ki ga ti uvajajo za spoštovanje dogovorjenih načel.
The concept of CSR will in turn be consolidated as a result, drawing strength in particular from the arrangements trade agreements lay down for monitoring the implementation of the principles which govern them.
To poročilo se ne nanaša na predloge, ki so jih Evropski parlament in druge mednarodne organizacije že podali za spodbujanje družbene odgovornosti gospodarskih družb na eni strani ter delavskih in okoljskih standardov v trgovinskih sporazumih na drugi strani.
This report does not rehash all the proposals already put forward by Parliament and in other international bodies to promote CSR and labour and environmental standards in trade agreements.
Osredotoča se predvsem na predloge, ki bodo posebej spodbujali družbeno odgovornost gospodarskih družb v okviru trgovinske politike Evropske unije.
It focuses instead on proposals specifically designed to foster CSR in the context of the European Union’s common commercial policy.
Taka razmišljanja so pripeljala do zamisli v predlogu resolucije in se nanašajo zlasti na:
That is the thinking behind the proposals set out in the motion for a resolution, which concern in particular:
– revizijo režima družbene odgovornosti gospodarskih družb;
– the revision of the GSP regime;
– študije vplivov v zvezi s pogajanji in spremljanjem trgovinskih sporazumov Evropske unije;
– impact assessments linked to the negotiation of and follow-up to EU trade agreements;
– določbe o družbeni odgovornosti gospodarskih družb v sporazumih o prosti trgovini in drugih sporazumih o trgovini in naložbah v Evropski uniji;
– CSR clauses in the EU’s free trade agreements and other trade and investment agreements;
– parlamentarni odbor za spremljanje socialne in okoljske razsežnosti pri vsakem sporazumu, vključno z družbeno odgovornostjo gospodarskih družb;
– for each free trade agreement a parliamentary monitoring committee to oversee compliance with the social and environmental provisions, including those relating to CSR;
– obveznost za večnacionalne družbe v EU in partnerskih državah, da objavijo letno poročilo o socialnih in okoljskih vplivih svojih dejavnosti, pa tudi dejavnosti hčerinskih družb in podizvajalcev;
– the requirement for multinational corporations based in the EU and in the partner countries to publish annual reports on the social and environmental impact of their activities and those of their subsidiaries and subcontractors;
– mehanizme za pravosodno sodelovanje med EU in partnerskimi državami, vključno z možnostjo pregona večnacionalnih družb tako v Evropi kot tudi v drugi državi podpisnici zaradi hujših kršitev, ki bi jih na področju okolja ali temeljnih človekovih pravic zagrešila ta podjetja ali njihove podružnice;
– mechanisms for judicial cooperation between the EU and partner countries, including arrangements for prosecuting multinational corporations, both in Europe and in the partner countries concerned, if those corporations or their subsidiaries are guilty of serious breaches of environmental rules or fundamental rights;
– postopek javnih naročil;
– public procurement;
– odnose med večstranskimi forumi za spodbujanje družbene odgovornosti gospodarskih družb in WTO;
– relations between the multilateral forums which seek to promote CSR and the WTO;
– novo pobudo Evropske komisije.
– a new Commission proposal.
A. ker je družbena odgovornost gospodarskih družb koncept, v skladu s katerim podjetja pri oblikovanju poslovnih strategij prostovoljno upoštevajo tudi družbena in okoljska vprašanja v splošno korist interesnih skupin, pri čemer se dejavno vključujejo v javno politiko kot pomemben vidik družbene spremembe na podlagi vrednot,
A. whereas corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a concept whereby companies voluntarily incorporate social and environmental concerns into their business strategy for the overall wellbeing of stakeholders by actively engaging with public policy as an important aspect of value-driven social change,
B. ker je družbena odgovornost gospodarskih družb ključna sestavina evropskega socialnega modela, ki ga je še okrepil začetek veljavnosti Pogodbe o delovanju Evropske unije, še zlasti njena horizontalna socialna klavzula, in ker je bila potreba po spodbujanju družbene odgovornosti gospodarskih družb v sporočilu Evropske komisije o strategiji EU 2020 priznana kot pomemben element zagotavljanja trajnega zaupanja pri zaposlenih in potrošnikih,
B. whereas CSR represents an essential component of the European Social Model, strengthened by the entry into force of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and especially its horizontal social clause, and whereas the need to promote CSR has been recognised in the European Commission Communication on the EU2020 Strategy as an important element in ensuring long-term employee and consumer trust,
C. ker družbena odgovornost gospodarskih družb močno vpliva na razvoj človekovih pravic v državah v razvoju,
C. whereas CSR has a considerable influence on human rights in developing countries,
D. ker je družbena odgovornost gospodarskih družb eden od instrumentov, ki ga je mogoče uporabiti za boj proti neprijavljenemu delu in davčnim utajam,
D. whereas CSR is one of the instruments that can be used to combat undeclared work and tax evasion,
E. ker družbena odgovornost gospodarskih družb ne sme nadomestiti države oziroma je opravičiti odgovornosti pri zagotavljanju osnovnih javnih storitev,
E. whereas CSR should not replace or exempt the State from its responsibility in the provision of basic public services,
F. ker lahko družbena odgovornost gospodarskih družb igra ključno vlogo pri izboljšanju življenjskega standarda v prikrajšanih skupnostih,
F. whereas CSR can play a key role in improving standards of living in disadvantaged communities,
G. ker imajo sindikati pomembno vlogo pri spodbujanju družbene odgovornosti gospodarskih družb, saj delavci najbolje poznajo položaj podjetij, kjer so zaposleni,
G. whereas trade unions have an important role in promoting CSR, given that workers are well placed to know the reality of the companies that employ them,
H. ker je treba družbeno odgovornost gospodarskih družb obravnavati vzporedno in v odnosu z reformami upravljanja podjetij,
H. whereas CSR must be considered alongside, and in interaction with, corporate governance reforms,
I. ker imajo mala in srednja podjetja pomembno vlogo na enotnem evropskem trgu in ker projekti za spodbujanje uveljavitve prakse družbene odgovornosti gospodarskih družb, med drugim malih in srednjih, ki jih financira Komisija, prinašajo rezultate,
I. having regard to the role of SMEs in the single European market and to the results of Commission-funded projects to encourage the adoption of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices, including by SMEs,
J. ker bi naj mandat Sveta ZN za človekove pravice o podjetništvu in človekovih pravicah ter njegov okvir za „varovanje, spoštovanje in pomoč“, ki ga trenutno vodi profesor John Ruggie in katerega končno poročilo je predvideno za leto 2011, zagotovila konkretne smernice državam, podjetjem in drugim družbenim akterjem za spoštovanje človekovih pravic pri njihovih dejavnostih,
J. whereas the UN Human Rights Council mandate on Business and Human Rights and its ‘Protect, Respect and Remedy’ Framework, which is currently being operationalised by Professor John Ruggie and is due for final report in 2011, aim to provide concrete guidance for states, businesses and other social actors on respect for human rights in their activities,
7. meni, da bi bilo treba pozornost nameniti dejavnemu vključevanju vseh interesnih skupin v podjetju, usposabljanju vodstvenih delavcev, razvoju civilne družbe in zlasti spodbujanju ozaveščenosti potrošnikov;
Takes the view that emphasis should be placed on the active involvement of all stakeholders in the company, on training for managers and on the development of civil society, especially with regard to consumer awareness;