natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
W. ker je treba z vidika proizvodnje beljakovin in varnosti svetovne preskrbe s hrano doseči boljše ravnotežje med proizvodnjo rastlinskih in živalskih beljakovin, zlasti glede na količino porabljene energije, vode in zunanjih vložkov za potrebe intenzivne proizvodnje živalskih beljakovin v primerjavi s proizvodnjo stročnic za prehrano ljudi, ravnotežje v prehrani na svetovni ravni pa mora ostati glavno vodilo,
W. whereas, in terms of protein production and global food security, a better balance needs to be achieved between crop and animal protein production, especially as regards the amount of energy, water and external inputs currently consumed for intensive animal protein production as opposed to protein crop production for human consumption, with the world food balance always the main focus,
X. ker številne politike EU vplivajo na pomanjkanje beljakovin v EU in ker mora Komisija preučiti tudi vprašanje proizvodnje gensko spremenjenih organizmov na evropskem ozemlju in zunaj njega, razvoj biogoriv in ponovno oceno popolne prepovedi živalskih beljakovin v živalski prehrani,
X. whereas several EU policies have an impact on the EU’s protein deficit, and whereas the Commission must also analyse the issues of GMO production inside and outside the EU’s territory, the development of biofuels and the reappraisal of the total ban on animal proteins in animal feed,
Y. ker je mogoče kakovost domačih krmnih mešanic razen z uporabo avtohtonih stročnic izboljšati tudi z uporabo stranskih proizvodov oljnic, kot so soja, sončnice in oljna ogrščica,
Y. whereas, besides using native protein crops, the quality of non-imported compound feed can also be improved through the use of by-products of oilseeds such as soya, sunflower and rapeseed,
Z. ker uporaba krmnih metuljnic ali stročnic namesto uvoženih beljakovin, ki so predvsem sojine pogače, lahko povzroči pomembne spremembe v vzrejnih metodah ter prispeva k izboljšanju kakovosti kmetijskih proizvodov (od standardnih proizvodov k certificiranim proizvodom s spremembo specifikacij) in zvišanju prihodkov proizvajalcev,
Z. whereas using leguminous fodder crops or seed crops in place of imported proteins – primarily soya cake – may bring about significant changes in stock-breeding methods and thus play a part in improving the quality of agricultural products (from standard products to certified products with alterations to specifications) and producers’ incomes,
AA. ker je bila prepoved uporabe živalskih beljakovin v krmi uvedena po krizi z bovino spongiformno encefalopatijo, da bi preprečili vsako okužbo s transmisivno spongiformno encefalopatijo; ker bi bilo treba to prepoved odpraviti le na podlagi znanstvenih ugotovitev zadostnih previdnostnih ukrepov in nadzora; ker bi bilo treba na podlagi teh pogojev razmisliti o predelanih živalskih beljakovinah iz klavničnih odpadkov za proizvodnjo krme za monogastrične živali (prašičje meso in perutnina), pod pogojem da sestavine izhajajo iz mesa, ki je bilo odobreno za prehrano ljudi, in da se v celoti izvaja in nadzira prepoved recikliranja znotraj iste živalske vrste in prisilnega kanibalizma,
AA.whereas the ban on the use of animal protein in animal feed was introduced following the BSE crisis so as to prevent any contamination with TSE; whereas this ban should only be lifted based on scientific facts and sufficient measures of precaution and control; whereas based on these conditions processed animal proteins from slaughter offal for the production of feed for monogastric animals (pork and poultry) should be considered, provided that the ingredients stem from meat which was approved for human consumption, and that the ban on intra-species recycling and forced cannibalism is fully implemented and controlled,
c) Osnovne ugotovitve glede sporočila Komisije: priprava terena za priporočila in zahteve
(c) Basic statements in response to the Commission's communication: preparing the ground for recommendations and demands
AB. ker je v sporočilu Komisije z dne 17. novembra 2010 jasno poudarjena potreba po povečanju proizvodnje stročnic v okviru bolj celovitega sistema kolobarjenja posevkov,
AB.whereas the Commission communication of 17 November 2010 clearly highlights the need to enhance protein crop production within a more integrated crop rotation system,
AC. ker različne študije Organizacije za kmetijstvo in prehrano, Komisije in pristojnih organov v državah članicah kažejo, da bi lahko z boljšo rabo stročnic v kmetijstvu EU zagotovili bolj zanesljivo oskrbo z živinsko krmo, npr. z izvajanjem okoljskih ukrepov v kmetijstvu,
AC.whereas various studies carried out by the FAO, the Commission and competent authorities within the Member States have pointed out that improved use of protein crops in EU agriculture has the potential to make the supply of animal feed more reliable by making use of agro-environmental measures,
AD. ker je proizvodnja stročnic za kmete koristna na več področjih: pri proizvodnji krme na kmetijah, pri čemer se uporabljajo mešani posevki, kot so žita in stročnice, pri proizvodnji beljakovin za prehrano ljudi ter pri vseh oblikah trajnostnega kmetovanja,
AD.whereas it is advantageous for farmers to grow protein crops in several areas: on-farm animal feed production using mixed crops such as cereals and beans; protein production for human consumption; and all kinds of sustainable agriculture,
AE. ker lahko države članice trenutno ponudijo posebno podporo za proizvodnjo stročnic v okviru kmetijsko-okoljskih programov in ukrepov v skladu s členom 68 za izboljšanje kakovosti proizvodnih sistemov in hrane,
AE.whereas at present Member States may provide specific support for protein crop production as part of agro-environmental programmes and the ‘Article 68’ measures to improve the quality of production systems and of food,
AF. ker je treba poleg gojenja žit in koruze za proizvodnjo krme in energije podpirati uporabo razširjenih sistemov kolobarjenja posevkov, mešane rastlinske pridelave na kmetijah ter travno-deteljnih mešanic, ker lahko prinaša velike okoljske in kmetijske koristi, saj je mogoče z gojenjem stročnic v okviru sistema kolobarjenja preprečiti bolezni in spodbujati obnovo tal, ugodno vplivati na populacije opraševalcev in varovati podnebje,
AF.whereas, besides cereal and maize cultivation for feed and energy production, the use of extended crop rotation systems, on-farm mixed cropping and grass-clover mixtures, which can have major environmental and agronomic benefits, should be encouraged, since the growing of leguminous crops as part of a rotation system can prevent diseases, regenerate the soil, have a beneficial effect on the population of pollinators and protect the climate,
AG. ker bo večja donosnost žit v Srednji Evropi sprostila obdelovalne površine v vsej Evropi ter omogočila uporabo nadaljnjih površin po vsej Evropi za gojenje kultur, zlasti beljakovinskih,
AG.whereas increased cereal yields in central Europe will free up farming land across Europe and make it possible for the cultivation of crops, and particularly protein crops, to be relocated to all parts of Europe,
AH. ker so se je z nedavnim povečanjem gibljivosti cen kmetijskih surovin povečali resni pomisleki glede konkurenčnosti evropske živinoreje in njene močne odvisnosti od uvoza stročnic; ker EU potrebuje resničen načrt strateškega razvoja za stročnice in njihovo posebno vlogo pri odzivanju na nove izzive skupne kmetijske politike (podnebne spremembe, boljše upravljanje naravnih virov); ker so za zmanjšanje pomanjkanja beljakovin tudi potrebna velika prizadevanja za izboljšanje raziskav in gojenja ter ukrepi za krepitev ustrezne infrastrukture za pridelavo, skladiščenje in predelavo stročnic; ker bi se tudi stranski proizvodi pri proizvodnji oljnic in biogoriv lahko šteli za krmo, če se upoštevajo stroga pravila, s katerimi se zagotovi, da se previdnostno načelo dosledno uporablja in da ni tveganj za zdravje živali in ljudi,
AH.whereas the recent increase of volatility in agricultural commodity prices has raised major concerns about the competitiveness of the European livestock sector and its high dependence on protein crop imports; whereas the EU needs a genuine strategic development plan for plant proteins and their specific role in responding to the new challenges of the CAP (climate change, better management of natural resources); whereas reducing the protein deficit also needs major efforts in improved research and breeding, as well as measures which enhance adequate infrastructure for protein crop production, storage and processing; whereas also by-products of oilseed and agrofuels production could be considered for animal feed, provided that strict rules are met to ensure that the precautionary principle is fully applied and that there are no risks to animal and human health,
AI. ker je treba problematiko ničelne tolerance pri uvozu živil nadalje obravnavati in pripraviti izvedljive osnutke rešitev,
AI. whereas the problem of zero tolerance for imports of feed must be debated further and approaches leading to practical solutions must be devised,
AJ. ker so poti kmetijskih in industrijskih proizvodov povezane na več načinov in ker so nekateri stranski izdelki proizvodnje biogoriv primerni za živila,
AJ. whereas agricultural and industrial product-paths are connected in many respects and certain by-products of biofuel production are suitable for use as feed,
4. poziva Komisijo, naj ohrani skupno organizacijo trga za sušeno krmo do leta 2013, da bi temu bistvenemu sektorju zagotovili nadaljnje preživetje, kar je zelo pomembno za proizvodnjo beljakovin v krmi za živinorejski sektor;
Calls on the Commission to maintain the common organisation of the market in dried fodder in place until 2013 so as to ensure the continued survival of this key sector, which is vitally important in the production of feed proteins for the livestock sector;
7. poziva Komisijo, naj predlaga okvir za ukrepe na področju razvoja podeželja, ki uvajajo boljše decentralizirane strukture za proizvodnjo živinske krme na podlagi lokalnih in regionalnih sort poljščin, shranjevanje teh sort ter selekcijo in razvoj semen;
Calls on the Commission to propose a framework for rural development measures which introduce improved, decentralised facilities for the production of animal feed, based on local and regional crop varieties, the storage of those varieties and seed selection and development;
11. poziva Komisijo, naj sprejme ustrezne ukrepe, ki bodo ustvarili takšne pogoje na trgu, ki dajejo prednost lokalni proizvodnji pred uvozom, in ki bodo zadovoljili potrebe krmne industrije, vključno z uvedbo modelov kratkih dobavnih verig brez gensko spremenjenih organizmov in certificirano proizvodnjo; priznava, da lokalno in bližnje kmetijstvo bolj koristita okolju;
Calls on the Commission to adopt suitable measures creating market conditions that favour local production as compared to imported products, and that meet the requirements of the feedstuffs industry, including the introduction of models for GMO‑free short supply chains and certified production; recognises that local and proximity farming are of greater benefit to the environment;
14. poziva Komisijo, naj predlaga celovit in usklajen politični pristop k izvajanju kmetijsko-okoljskih standardov glede uvoza gensko spremenjenih stročnic pri živilskih proizvodih, ki so v prodaji v EU;
Calls on the Commission to propose a coherent overall political approach to the application of the agro-environmental rules to food products sold within the Union with regard to the importation of genetically modified protein crops;
Pomanjkanje stročnic v EU
The EU protein crop deficit
Nedavna študija o sektorju proizvodnje stročnic, ki jo je objavila Evropska komisija*, kaže, da se je proizvodnja stročnic v Evropski uniji v zadnjem desetletju izjemno zmanjšala.
A recent study published by the European Commission* on the protein crop sector reveals a remarkable decrease in protein crop production in the European Union in the past ten years.
Proizvodnja poglavitnih sušenih zrn stročnic, razen soje, se je zmanjšala za 30 %, proizvodnja soje pa za 12 %.
The main dried pulses excluding soybeans decreased by 30%, and soybean production by 12%.
Zaradi tega trenda se še povečuje že tako zaskrbljujoča odvisnost Unije od uvoza stročnic, ki se v glavnem uporabljajo za živinsko krmo, kar predstavlja veliko tveganje zlasti za živinorejski sektor EU, saj so cene na mednarodnih trgih vse bolj nestanovitne. *(Poročilo organizacije LMC International).
This trend increases an already existing alarming dependence of the Union on the imports of protein crops, which are mainly used for animal feed and carries major risks especially for the EU livestock sector, as price volatility on international markets has substantially increased. *(LMC international report).
Trenutno se stročnice v EU gojijo le na 3 % ornih zemljišč v Uniji (sadje in zelenjava nista vključena).
Overall EU protein crop production currently only occupies 3% of the Union's arable land (excluding fruit and vegetables).
V EU se letno uvozi več kot 40 milijonov ton rastlinskih beljakovin, predvsem soje in krme iz koruznega glutena, kar predstavlja 80 % porabe rastlinskih beljakovin v EU.
More than 40 million tonnes of crop proteins, mainly soy beans and corn gluten feed are imported annually, representing 80% of the EU's crop protein consumption.
Za proizvodnjo rastlinskih beljakovin za uvoz v EU se zunaj EU uporablja 20 milijonov hektarjev ornih zemljišč, kar je enako desetim odstotkom ornih zemljišč Unije.
In terms of land use abroad for crop protein imports into the EU, this represents ten per cent of the EU's arable land, or 20 million ha.
Zgodovinski razlogi za pomanjkanje in posledice
Historical reasons for the deficit and its consequences
Pomanjkanje v proizvodnji stročnic je posledica preteklih mednarodnih trgovinskih sporazumov (Splošni sporazum o carinah in trgovini – GATT, sporazum Blair House Agreement), v skladu s katerima je lahko EU zaščitila svojo proizvodnjo žit v zameno za dajatev prost uvoz stročnic in oljnic v EU.
The deficit in protein crop production goes back to previously established international trade agreements (the General Tariff and Trade Agreement (GATT) and the Blair House Agreement), which allowed the EU to protect its cereal production and in return allowed duty-free imports of oilseed and protein crops into the EU.
Proizvodnja stročnic zato ni bila konkurenčna in se je drastično zmanjšala.
Protein crop production was therefore at a severe competitive disadvantage and fell sharply accordingly.
Zato je med kmeti in v lokalni predelovalni industriji upadlo zanimanje za stročnice, v pozabo pa tone tudi praktično znanje v zvezi s pridelovanjem stročnic in ustvarjanjem dodane vrednosti v tem sektorju.
Farmers and local processing business therefore lost interest in protein crops and also lost practical knowledge of cultivating and adding value to them.
Pridelovalci so opustili razvijanje sort, ki bi bile odporne proti boleznim in bi dajale bogato letino.
Breeders stopped developing disease resistant and highly performing varieties.
Raziskave na tem področju so v EU upadle, saj je bilo malo povpraševanja po semenih in tehnični podpori.
European research in this field has also substantially declined reflecting the low demand in seeds and technical support.
EU odpravlja podporo za proizvodnjo stročnic ter sušenje lucerne in drugih stročnic za živinsko krmo.
The EU is phasing out support for protein crops and drying facilities for lucerne/alfalfa and other leguminous fodders.
Najbolj zaskrbljujoče je dejstvo, da povsod po Evropi tonejo v pozabo praktične izkušnje s proizvodnjo stročnic v okviru razširjenega kolobarjenja posevkov, vključno s selekcijo, shranjevanjem in obdelavo stročnic na kmetijah ter uporabo stročnic za živinsko krmo na kmetijah.
The most worrying fact is that throughout Europe, practical experience in protein crop production as part of extended crop rotation is being lost, including on-farm selection, storage, processing and on-farm use as animal feed.
Tudi trgovci z oljnicami in stročnicami se danes osredotočajo predvsem na uvoz stročnic in kažejo le malo zanimanja za domačo proizvodnjo.
Finally, also traders in oil and protein crops are now fully focussed on protein crop imports and show little interest in domestic production.
Zmanjšanje pomanjkanja beljakovin v EU – pomemben del reforme SKP
Reducing the EU's protein deficit - an important element of CAP reform
Evropska komisija in države članice poudarjajo koristi bolj uravnotežene ponudbe in porabe domačih stročnic v okviru celovite strategije za soočanje z novimi izzivi, kot so podnebne spremembe, izginjanje kmetijske biotske raznovrstnosti, osiromašenje tal in onesnaževanje podzemne vode ter nestanovitnost cen kmetijskih proizvodov na svetovnem trgu.
The European Commission and member states have pointed at advantages of a more balanced supply and consumption of domestic protein crops as part of an integrated strategy responding to new challenges like climate change, agricultural biodiversity loss, depletion of soils, and pollution of groundwater and price volatility for agricultural products on the world market.
Širša uporaba stročnic v okviru kolobarjenja posevkov lahko v mnogočem prispeva k ublažitvi podnebnih sprememb ter koristi kmetijstvu in okolju.
The extended use of protein crops in crop rotation offers major agro-environmental and climate mitigation advantages.
Z vidika podnebnih sprememb lahko stročnice, kot so njivski grah, bob, lupina, leča, čičerika, pa tudi lucerna in detelja, bistveno zmanjšajo izpuste toplogrednih plinov zaradi asimilacije in fiksacije dušika v tleh, kar omogoča zmanjšanje porabe dušikovih gnojil tudi za 100 kg N/ha na mesec.
Regarding climate change, leguminous varieties such as field peas, broad and field beans, lupins, lentils, chicken peas, but also lucerne/alfalfa and clover can substantially reduce green house gas emissions through assimilation and fixation of nitrogen in the soil and thus reduce of the use of nitrogen fertiliser by up to 100kg N per ha and month.
Zaradi večjega deleža stročnic v okviru kolobarjenja posevkov se izboljšata rodovitnost in sestava tal, skladiščenje hranil in zdravje poljščin.
With a higher percentage of protein crops in crop rotation, soil fertility and structure, nutrient storage as well as health of following crops is improved.
Trajne travno-deteljne mešanice za živinsko krmo ter mešanice žitaric in stročnic bolje pokrivajo tla in tako zmanjšajo odtekanje hranil v podzemne vode in reke ter ustvarjajo boljše pogoje za čebele in druge opraševalske žuželke.
Permanent grass-clover mixtures for animal feed, mixtures of cereals and proteins cover soils better and so reduce nutrient run-off into groundwater and rivers, as well as offering better conditions for bees and other pollinating insects.
Zaradi razširjenega kolobarjenja posevkov se zmanjša potreba po posegih za zaščito poljščin ter se lahko ohranja raznolikost divjih in gojenih vrst in sort.
Extended crop rotation reduces the need for crop protection intervention and can contribute to the conservation of diversity in wild and cultivated species and varieties.
Stročnice in razširjeno kolobarjenje posevkov – manjši proizvodni stroški in večje okoljske koristi
Protein crops and enlarged crop rotation - reduced production costs and increased environmental advantages
S širšo rabo stročnic v okviru kolobarjenja posevkov se bistveno zmanjša potreba po uporabi dušikovih gnojil, s čimer se poleg izpustov toplogrednih plinov zmanjšajo tudi celotni proizvodni stroški za kmete.
The extended use of leguminous crops in crop rotation substantially reduces the need to apply nitrogen fertiliser which contributes not only to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in its production but also overall production costs for farmers.
Zaradi naraščanja cen surove nafte na svetovni ravni se nenehno povečujejo tudi stroški kmetijske proizvodnje, ki vključujejo stroške goriva.
With a global trend towards rising crude oil prices, costs for agricultural inputs including fuels are also increasing continuously.
S kolobarjenjem posevkov, ki vključuje stročnice, je mogoče zmanjšati porabo goriva za obdelavo tal, saj se bolje ohranja vsebnost humusa in vlage v tleh, zato je potrebne manj obdelave.
Crop rotation including protein crops can reduce fuel consumption in soil treatment, as the content of humus and soil moisture is better preserved and requires less tilling.
V nedavnih študijah, ki sta ju objavila Evropski parlament (PE 438.591) in komisija francoske vlade za trajnostni razvoj (december 2009, št. 15), ocenjujejo, da bi se stroški gnojil v Franciji zmanjšali za do 100 milijonov evrov letno.
A recent study published by the European Parliament (PE 438.591) and a study of the French Commission on sustainable development of the French Government (Dec 2009 no 15) estimates a reduction of costs for fertiliser use in France of up to 100 Mio € per annum.
Omenjeni študiji povzemata naslednje prednosti, ki bi jih prinesla proizvodnja stročnic v okviru razširjenega kolobarjenja posevkov:
In short, the following advantages of protein crop production within extended crop rotation have been identified in the mentioned studies:
večja fiksacija dušika, vzpostavitev uravnoteženega razmerja med ogljikom in dušikom v tleh in izboljšanje vsebnosti humusa, zmanjšanje obdelave s pesticidi in manjša poraba herbicidov zaradi zmanjšanja bolezni rastlin in vdora nezaželenih rastlin; boljša sestava tal.
Increase of nitrogen fixation, creation of a balanced C/N ratio in the soil and improvement of humus content, reduction of pesticides treatments and use of herbicides as a consequence of reduced plant disease and herb invasion; improved soil structure.
Kakovost proizvodnje stročnic in krmnih mešanic
Quality of protein crop production and compound feeding stuff
Učinkovita uporaba stročnic za proizvodnjo živinske krme je močno odvisna od vsebnosti esencialnih aminokislin v različnih poljščinah in sestave krmnih mešanic.
The efficiency of using protein crops in animal feed production strongly depends on the content of essential amino acids in the various crops and the composition of compound feedstuffs.
Trenutno naj bi imela sojina zrna največjo skupno vsebnost teh kislin ter zelo dobro ravnovesje hranil, zlasti za proizvodnjo svinjine in perutnine.
Soybeans are currently considered to deliver the highest integrated content of these acids with a very good balance of nutrients especially for pork and poultry production.
Zato je danes v krmnih mešanicah za proizvodnjo jajc in perutnine približno 50 % sojinih zrn.
Therefore today the soy content of compound feedstuffs is around 50% for egg and poultry production is based on soy beans.
Krmne mešanice za proizvodnjo svinjine vsebujejo približno 28 % soje in krmne mešanice za proizvodnjo govedine približno 21 % soje.
In the production of pork meat and beef the soy content of compound feeds fluctuates around 28% and 21% respectively.
Možnosti za nadomeščanje uvožene soje in drugih uvoženih proizvodov za živinsko krmo so močno odvisne od novih pobud za spodbujanje pridelave teh poljščin med kmeti in od zagotavljanja ustrezne infrastrukture za predelavo v živinsko krmo.
Possibilities for substituting imported soybeans and other non-domestically produced animal feed products strongly depend upon new incentives for farmers to grow these crops and on adequate infrastructure for processing into animal feed.
Evropska komisija bi morala zato raziskati možnosti za spodbujanje raziskav, selekcije in trženja semen ter znanj o proizvodnji, shranjevanju in uporabi teh poljščin za proizvodnjo krme na kmetijah, saj je na tem področju trenutno storjenega le malo.
The European Commission should therefore look into possibilities to overcome the current low level of research, seed selection and marketing, knowledge of production, storage and use of these crops for on-farm feed production.
Posebna podpora, raziskave, storitve svetovanja in usposabljanje
Specific support, research, extension services and training