natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
– ob upoštevanju mnenja evropskega nadzornika za varstvo podatkov z dne 22. septembra 2008,
– having regard to the opinion of the European Data Protection Supervisor of 22 September 2008,
– ob upoštevanju poročila Odbora za pravne zadeve ter mnenja Odbora za ekonomske in monetarne zadeve ( A6-0252/2009 ),
– having regard to the report of the Committee on Legal Affairs and the opinion of the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs ( A6-0252/2009 ),
A. ker se lahko v skladu z načeloma subsidiarnosti in sorazmernosti sprejetje instrumenta Skupnosti na področju pravosodnega sodelovanja v civilnih zadevah s čezmejnimi posledicami obravnava le, če se lahko dokaže, da na nacionalni ravni ni mogoče odpraviti ovir, ki onemogočajo vzpostavitev ali delovanje notranjega trga,
A. whereas, in accordance with the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality, the adoption of a Community instrument in the field of judicial cooperation in civil matters having cross-border implications can be considered only if it can be shown that on a national level it is impossible to remove an obstacle preventing the establishment or the functioning of the internal market,
B. ker pozna plačila in neplačila dolgov ogrožajo interese podjetij in potrošnikov, zlasti kadar upnik in izvršilni organi nimajo informacij, kje je dolžnik ali njegovo premoženje; ker se v sedanjih gospodarski razmerah, ko je denarni tok bistven za preživetje podjetij, položaj še slabša,
B. whereas late payment and non-payment of debts jeopardise the interests of businesses and consumers, especially where the creditor and the enforcement authorities have no information about the debtor's whereabouts or his or her assets; whereas this is exacerbated by the present economic climate, in which cash-flow is essential to the survival of businesses,
C. ker bi lahko težave pri čezmejni izterjavi dolgov močno ovirale prosti pretok plačilnih nalogov v Evropski uniji in preprečevale dostop do pravnega varstva; če namreč ni mogoče izvrševati sodnih odločb, to pomeni, da je ogroženo zagotavljanje zakonitosti, pa tudi poslovni etični standardi,
C. whereas the problems of cross-border debt recovery may constitute a serious obstacle to the free circulation of payment orders within the EU and may impede access to justice; whereas, moreover, if judicial decisions cannot be enforced, the doing of justice is undermined together with standards of commercial morality,
D. ker je izterjava dolgov na splošno velik problem, ki postane še večji, ko so zahtevki čezmejni, zlasti ko gre za mala podjetja, ki nimajo na voljo specializiranih pravnikov ali posebnih oddelkov za izterjavo dolgov in se pogosto znajdejo v nezavidljivem položaju, ko morajo svoje osebje, skromne finančne vire in predvsem čas namenjati temu problemu, ne pa proizvodnim dejavnostim,
D. whereas, in general, debt recovery is a major problem, which is made worse where claims are of a cross-border nature, particularly for small businesses which do not have specialised lawyers or dedicated debt-collection departments at their disposal and are often placed in the invidious position of having to commit staff, scarce financial resources and, above all, time to this problem rather than to productive activities,
E. ker obstajajo znamenja, da se direktiva o zamudah pri plačilih
E. whereas there are indications that the Late Payments Directive
35). ne spoštuje dovolj oziroma ni dovolj poznana; ker bi ta direktiva lahko pomembno vplivala na zmanjšanje neplačil in zamud pri plačilih, če bi jo posodobili in ustrezno izvajali,
35). is not sufficiently respected or known; whereas if that Directive were now updated and properly implemented it could have a considerable impact in reducing late payment or non-payment,
F. ker so med nacionalnimi sistemi pogodbenega prava in zakonodaje o plačilni nezmožnosti velike razlike glede tega, kako lahko upniki ob sklenitvi pogodbe zavarujejo svoj dolg, zlasti z uporabo klavzul o pridržanju lastninske pravice ali drugih tovrstnih mehanizmov, ki se jim je mogoče včasih prav zaradi teh razlik izogniti,
F. whereas there are huge divergences under the different systems of national contract and insolvency law as to how creditors may secure their debt at the point of contract, particularly by the use of retention-of-title clauses or other such mechanisms which are sometimes circumvented because of those divergences,
G. ker se mora sprejeta zakonodaja Skupnosti o učinkovitem izvrševanju sodnih odločb veljati za vse dolžnike in se ne sme razlikovati med dolžniki v dobri veri in tistimi, ki to niso,
G. whereas the adoption of Community legislation concerning the effective enforcement of judgments must apply to all debtors, without any distinction being made in advance between debtors acting in good or in bad faith,
H. ker so izogibanje plačevanju dolgov, zamude pri plačilih in neplačila pogosto še slabši, če stranke v času svojega predpogodbenega in pogodbenega poslovanja niso dovolj skrbne; ker je treba bolj poudariti poslovno zavest in možnost opcijskih klavzul v evropskem slogu v okviru skupnega referenčnega okvira, ki bi zagotavljale, da bi pogodbene strani ustrezno pretehtale ta vprašanja na začetku svojih poslovnih odnosov,
H. whereas the avoidance, late payment and non-payment of debts is often exacerbated by insufficient care by the parties at the time of their pre-contractual and contractual dealings; whereas there is a need for greater emphasis on commercial awareness and the possible use of "European-style" optional clauses under the Common Frame of Reference (CFR) which would ensure that parties properly consider these issues at the beginning of their commercial relationship,
I. ker je bil Parlament opozorjen, da bi lahko prišlo do hudih težav pri čezmejnih zadevah z neposlušnimi dolžniki, to je osebami, ki bi svoje dolgove lahko odplačale, pa jih ne, ali osebami, za katere obstaja tveganje, da svojega dolga ne bodo povrnile, četudi je bila proti njim izdana sodna odločba; ker so takšni posamezniki pogosto imetniki precejšnjega premoženja v različnih entitetah, skrbniških družbah in skladih, brez zahtevanih informacij pa ni mogoče doseči uspešne izvršbe; ker je treba pogosto pridobiti takšne informacije, ne da bi bil neposlušni dolžnik opozorjen, saj je pogosto v položaju, da lahko v zelo kratkem času premakne premoženje v drugo jurisdikcijo,
I. whereas it has been brought to Parliament's attention that there may be a serious problem in cross-border cases involving recalcitrant debtors, that is to say, persons who could pay their debts or discharge their liabilities but who do not do so or persons in respect of whom there is a risk that they will not pay what they owe even if judgment has been given against them; whereas it appears that such persons often hold substantial assets in different entities, nominees and trusts and successful enforcement cannot be obtained without the requisite information; whereas it is often necessary to obtain such information without alerting the recalcitrant debtor – who will often be in a position to remove assets to another jurisdiction at short notice,
J. ker je bil poleg tega Parlament tudi opozorjen, da so nekatere suverene države znane po tem, da ne spoštujejo razsodb ali sodb sodišč drugih držav, kar je bilo povod za nastanek oderuških skladov, ki odkupijo ta državni dolg za veliko manjšo vsoto in nato poskušajo zaslužiti z izvršbo; ker bi bilo nedvomno bolje in bolj pošteno omogočiti prvotnim upnikom, da sami dosežejo popravo krivic,
J. whereas it has further been brought to Parliament's notice that certain sovereign States do not honour arbitration awards or judgments handed down by the courts of another State, with the result that "vulture funds" have emerged which acquire this sovereign debt at a much reduced figure and then seek to make a profit from enforcement; whereas it might arguably be better and fairer to give the original creditors the means to obtain redress themselves,
K. ker dejansko le malo držav nima premoženja zunaj svojih meja in ker je v primeru, da dolžnik ne more upati, da bo (zgolj) v svoji ali zadevni državi dosegel izvršbo, edina učinkovita poprava možna na sodiščih v tujini, zlasti sodiščih drugih držav članic ali sodiščih Evropske unije,
K. whereas it is argued that there are few States which have no assets at all outside their own borders and that, if the creditor has no prospect of obtaining enforcement in his or her own Member State (only) or in the State concerned, then the only effective redress is through courts abroad, particularly the courts in other Member States of the EU,
L. ker ima po uredbi Bruselj I
L. whereas under the Brussels I Regulation
Uredba Sveta (ES) št. 44/2001 z dne 22. decembra 2000 o pristojnosti in priznavanju ter izvrševanju sodnih odločb v civilnih in gospodarskih zadevah (UL L 12, 16.1.2001, str.
Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters (OJ L 12, 16.1.2001, p.
1). vsaka država članica lastne okvirne ukrepe, ki jih ureja nacionalna zakonodaja, za odredbe ex parte pa vzajemno priznavanje in izvrševanje po tej uredbi ne velja; odredbe inter partes pa izvrši sodišče, ki jih prejme, z najbolj podobno olajšavo, ki mu je na voljo,
1). each Member State has its own provisional measures shaped and governed by its national law and ex parte orders are not the subject of mutual recognition and enforcement under that Regulation; whereas inter partes orders are given effect to by a recipient court with the nearest equivalent relief available from that court,
M. ker začasni ukrepi zajemajo: (i) odredbe o razkritju informacij o premoženju, ki lahko postane predmet ukrepov za izvršitev sodne odločbe, (ii) odredbe za zaščito premoženja do izvršbe, imajo pa lahko tudi (iii) obliko začasnih plačilnih nalogov, ki omogočijo takojšnje poplačilo upnika med čakanjem na razrešitev zadevnega spora,
M. whereas provisional measures include:(i) orders for disclosure of information about assets which may be made the subject of measures of execution of a judgment and (ii) orders preserving assets pending enforcement, and (iii) can also take the form of an interim payment order, giving the creditor immediate payment pending resolution of the underlying dispute,
N. ker bi morali za sprejemanje začasnih ukrepov veljati podobni pogoji, kakršne uporablja Sodišče Evropskih skupnosti – namreč da bi moral upnik prepričati sodišče, da je njegov zahtevek utemeljen (izvršljiva pravica v obliki sodnega naloga ali avtentičen instrument ali dokaz o terjatvi za očitno zadevo – fumus boni juris ), in dokazati nujnost (resnično nevarnost, da bi bila lahko izvršitev terjatve ogrožena, če ukrep ne bi bil sprejet ( periculum in mora )); in ker se tovrstni ukrepi lahko uvedejo proti varščini,
N. whereas the grant of provisional measures should be subject to conditions similar to those applied by the Court of Justice, namely the creditor would have to persuade the court that he has a justifiable claim on the merits (an enforceable right in the shape of a court order or authentic instrument or evidence of the claim making out a prima facie case – fumus boni juris ), and to demonstrate urgency (a real risk that enforcement of the claim may be frustrated if the measure is not granted ( periculum in mora )), and whereas the grant of such measures may be made subject to the lodging of security,
O. ker je v manj obsežnih zadevah, zlasti kadar bi bili sicer pravni stroški previsoki, pravica zamujena pravica odrečena, v obsežnejših zadevah pa se lahko odsotnost informacij o premoženju izkaže kot največja ovira; ker bi bila zato odredba o začasnih ukrepih dobra rešitev za obe vrst zadev,
O. whereas in small-scale cases, particularly where legal costs could otherwise be prohibitive, justice delayed is justice denied and whereas, in larger-scale cases, it can be the absence of information about assets which proves to be the greatest obstacle; whereas, therefore, recourse to provisional measures orders might well provide a neat solution in both types of cases,
P. ker je treba poleg tega vsak ukrep Skupnosti za to, da bi bile informacije na voljo, obravnavati v kontekstu tovrstnih zadev, pri katerih pomanjkanje informacij povzroča hude krivice; ker upnik ne bo mogel doseči izvršitve sodbe, če ne bo imel na voljo informacij o dolžnikovem premoženju (in a fortiori premoženju neposlušnega dolžnika), ki bi ga bilo mogoče odvzeti v okviru izvrševanja sodbe,
P. whereas, moreover, any Community action to make information available needs also to be considered in the context of these types of cases, in which lack of information causes serious injustice; whereas, unless there is information available to the creditor about the assets of a debtor (and a fortiori a recalcitrant debtor) which may be taken in enforcement of a judgment, the creditor will not be able to enforce it,
Q. ker v praksi ta problem ni omejen samo na zadeve, v katerih je že bila izrečena sodba, ki ni bila spoštovana: lahko se pojavi tudi, preden tožnik vloži zahtevek,
Q. whereas, in practice, this problem is not confined to cases where there has already been a judgment which has not been honoured: it may also arise before claimants bring their claims,
R. ker je vendarle bistvenega pomena, da so predlagani ukrepi sorazmerni; ker ukrepi ne bi smeli le ponoviti, kar je že mogoče doseči z obstoječimi nacionalnimi ukrepi, in bi morali biti omejeni na čezmejne zahtevke, obenem pa bi se bilo treba izogniti odvečnemu in neustreznemu usklajevanju,
R. whereas, however, it is absolutely essential that any measures proposed should be proportionate; whereas, moreover, they should not merely replicate what can already be achieved through existing national measures and should be confined to cross-border claims, and unnecessary and inappropriate harmonisation should be avoided,
S. ker je bila izražena bojazen, da bi nekatere zamisli o učinkovitem izvrševanju sodnih odločb v Evropski uniji s preglednostjo premoženja dolžnikov lahko kršile temeljne pravice, vključno s pravico do zasebnosti (varstvo podatkov), oslabile postopkovna jamstva in bile v nasprotju z ustavno tradicijo mnogih držav članic,
S. whereas some concern has been expressed that certain of the ideas on the effective enforcement of judgments in the European Union through the transparency of debtors' assets could violate fundamental rights, including the right to privacy (data protection), undermine procedural safeguards and run counter to the constitutional traditions of many Member States,
T. ker morajo biti vsi ponujeni predlogi stroškovno učinkoviti in povezani z drugimi področji politike Skupnosti, da bi preprečili nepotrebno podvajanje prizadevanj,
T. whereas any proposals made must be cost-effective and integrated into other areas of Community policy in order to avoid unnecessary duplication of effort,
3. poudarja, da zamude pri plačilih, neplačila in težave pri izterjavi dolgov škodijo interesom upnikov in potrošnikov, zmanjšujejo zaupanje v notranji trg ter ogrožajo vlaganje pravnih sredstev;
Points out that late payment, non-payment and the problem of debt recovery damage the interests of creditor businesses and consumers, reduce confidence in the internal market and undermine legal action;
6. soglaša z mnenjem Komisije, da je čezmejna izterjava dolgov z izvrševanjem sodnih odločb velika težava notranjega trga, vendar meni, da je treba rešitve, o katerih razpravlja Komisija, dodatno obdelati, da bi se z njimi ustrezno odzvali na najtežji problem, se pravi neposlušne dolžnike;
Agrees with the Commission that cross-border debt recovery through enforcement of judicial decisions is a major internal market problem, but considers that the solutions mooted by the Commission need further work in order adequately to address the most difficult problem, that of recalcitrant debtors;
Predlog za pripravo priročnika o nacionalnih zakonih in praksah izvrševanja
The proposal to draw up a m anual of n ational e nforcement l aws and p ractices
Direktiva Sveta 77/249/EGS z dne 22. marca 1977 o učinkovitem uresničevanju svobode opravljanja storitev odvetnikov (UL L 78, 26.3.1977, str.
Council Directive 77/249/EEC of 22 March 1977 to facilitate the effective exercise by lawyers of freedom to provide services (OJ L 78, 26.3.1977, p.
17). in 98/5/ES
17). and 98/5/EC
Direktiva 98/5/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 16. februarja 1998 za olajšanje trajnega opravljanja poklica odvetnika v drugi državi članici kakor tisti, v kateri je bila kvalifikacija pridobljena (UL L 77, 14.3.1998, str.
, Directive 98/5/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 to facilitate practice of the profession of lawyer on a permanent basis in a Member State other than that in which the qualification was obtained (OJ L 77, 14.3.1998, p.
36). ; poudarja, da bi lahko kot dopolnitev priročniku na spletni stran Komisije vključili povezavo do tovrstnih nacionalnih seznamov;
36). would be useful; points out that such national directories could be linked to a Commission website and could be complementary to the manual;
Razširitev razpoložljivih informacij v registrih in izboljšanje dostopa do njih
Increasing the information available in , and improving access to , public registers
12. poleg tega opaža, da so v številnih državah članicah evidence o obračunanih davkih in evidence socialnega varstva zaupne, in da zamisel o registru zaradi tveganja, da bi se evidence znašle na napačnem mestu, tam ne bi bila dobrodošla in bi jo šteli za zlorabo izvršilne oblasti;
Observes, in addition, that tax returns and social security records are confidential in many Member States and that the idea of a register, with all the risks which it entails of records going astray, would not be welcomed there and would be regarded as an abuse of executive power;
Izmenjava informacij med izvršilnimi organi
Exchange of information between enforcement authorities
Dolžnikova izjava
The d ebtor's d eclaration
To zlasti velja v primerih, ko upnik in izvršilni organi nimajo informacij o tem, kje se nahaja dolžnik ali njegovo premoženje“.
This is particularly the case when the creditor and the enforcement authorities have no information about the debtor’s whereabouts or his assets."
Neposlušni dolžniki so lahko povsod v Evropski uniji velika težava, zlasti za mala podjetja, ki nimajo velikih sredstev za to (pogodbe s pravniki, ki so specializirani za to področje, oddelki za izterjavo dolgov).
Recalcitrant debtors can be a major problem everywhere in the European Union, particularly for small businesses, which do not possess large resources (contracts with specialist lawyers, debt collection departments).
Težave so rešljive, če ima dolžnik premoženje v Uniji in ga je mogoče izslediti ter zoper njega sprožiti pravne postopke.
Where the problem can be resolved is where the debtor has assets in the Union and it is possible to trace them and bring legal proceedings.
Vprašljivo je, ali bodo predlogi Komisije, ki so omejeni, uspeli znatno izboljšati položaj.
Whether the Commission's proposals, which are limited, would succeed in improving the situation to any great extent is doubtful.
Kar zadeva vsebino zelene knjige, Komisija svetuje pripravo priročnika o nacionalnih zakonih in praksah izvrševanja, ki bi bil na voljo na spletni strani Evropske pravosodne mreže.
In so far as the content of the Green Paper is concerned, the Commission suggests drawing up a Manual of National Enforcement Laws and Practices, which would be available on the European Judicial Network.
Drugič, Komisija sprašuje o možnosti povečanja informacij, ki so na voljo v poslovnih registrih, in boljšega dostopa do njih.
Secondly, the Commission asks about the possibility of increasing the information available in and improving access to commercial registers.
To bi lahko obravnavali v okviru predlogov za evropsko e-pravosodje, glede katerega je Parlament že izrazil svoje stališče.
This could be dealt with under the proposals for European e-justice, on which Parliament has already given its views.
Tretjič, v zeleni knjigi je obravnavana zamisel, da bi povečali dostop do registrov prebivalstva.
In the third place, the idea is mooted of increasing access to population registers.
Kot četrto se pojavi vprašanje, ali bi bilo treba povečati dostop izvršilnih organov do registrov sistemov socialne varnosti in davčnih registrov.
Fourthly, the Green Paper asks whether enforcement authorities should be given better access to social security and tax registers.
To je bilo v nekaterih jurisdikcijah dokaj uspešno uvedeno, vendar obstaja možnost, da je to v nasprotju s pravili o varstvu in zaupnosti podatkov.
This has been used in certain jurisdictions with some success, but there are possible conflicts with data protection and confidentiality.
Kot peto Komisija predlaga izboljšanje sodelovanja med javnimi izvršilnimi organi.
Fifthly, the Commission suggests that cooperation between public enforcement bodies might be improved.
Kot šesto je predstavljena zamisel o evropski izjavi o premoženju, ki bi obvezovala dolžnike, da razkrijejo vse svoje premoženje v evropskem pravosodnem območju, kar bi bilo lahko podprto s sankcijami.
Sixthly, the idea is put forward of a "European Assets Declaration", which would oblige debtors to disclose all their assets in the European judicial area, backed possibly by sanctions.
Na koncu je poročevalka takole odgovorila na zahtevo Komisije po drugih ukrepih, ki bi jih lahko preučili.
Lastly, your rapporteur has responded as follows to the Commission's request for other measures which might be considered.
Meni, da bi upnikom koristila uvedba enostavnega, prožnega postopka, ki bi lahko po vsej Evropski uniji pripomogel k učinkovitemu doseganju začasnih ukrepov v obliki (1) odredbe o razkritju informacij o premoženju, ki bi lahko postalo predmet ukrepov za izvršitev sodne odločbe, (2) odredbe za zaščito premoženja do izvršbe.
She considers that creditors could benefit by the introduction of a simple, flexible procedure which could be effective throughout the EU for obtaining provisional measures in the shape of (1) an order to disclosure of information about assets which may be made the subject of measures of execution of a judgment; (2) an order preserving assets pending enforcement.
Takšni ukrepi bi lahko imeli obliko začasnega plačilnega naloga, ki bi omogočil takojšnje poplačilo upnika med čakanjem na razrešitev zadevnega spora.
Such measures could take the form of an interim payment order which gives the creditor immediate payment pending resolution of the underlying dispute.
Če odbor meni, da bi bilo omenjene možnosti dobro preučiti, poročevalka predlaga, da se naroči študija začasnih ukrepov v Evropski uniji, pri kateri bi pretehtali:
If the Committee considers that this would be an avenue worth exploring, your rapporteur would suggest that a study be commissioned of provisional measures in the EU which would consider:
(1) kako sedanji nacionalni sistemi delujejo v praksi: študija bi bila lahko omejena na eno državo, ki uporablja običajno pravo, in reprezentančni vzorec države, ki uporablja obče pravo, da bi bil zajet vsaj en vzhodnoevropski sistem;
(1) How the present national systems work in practice: the study could be limited to one common-law country and a representative sample of civil law countries, to include a least one Eastern European system.
(2) izboljšave obstoječih sistemov, ki bi jih bilo koristno upoštevati.
(2) Improvements to the existing systems which might usefully be considered.
Študija bi zato morala obravnavati sisteme v Evropski uniji in zunaj nje;
To this end, the study should be prepared to look at systems inside and outside the EU.
(3) področja, na katerih bi bilo koristno nadaljnje sodelovanje med državami članicami.
(3) Areas where further cooperation between Member States could be beneficial.
Študija bi morala na primer pokazati na vrzeli pri razpoložljivosti začasnih ukrepov v sistemih, primerjalne stroške in učinkovitost ter možnosti za učinkovito izboljšanje položaja;
For example the study should identify gaps in the availability of provisional measures in the systems, comparative expense and effectiveness, and whether the position might usefully be improved.