natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
sredstva, ki jih imajo kratkoročno banke in investicijska podjetja za namene prodaje
assets held by banks and investment firms in the short term with a view to sale
· nadgrajene kapitalske zahteve za dodatna listinjenja
· upgraded capital requirements for re-securitisations
listinjenja, ki vključujejo osnovne pozicije listinjenja
securitisations that include underlying securitisation positions
Finančna kriza in potreba po obsežni podpori davkoplačevalcev so pokazale glavne pomanjkljivosti globalnih bančnih praks.
The financial crisis and the need for large scale taxpayer support have demonstrated major weaknesses in global banking practices.
Pomanjkanje ustreznega kapitala v bančnem sistemu je bil glavni vzrok za krizo.
The lack of adequate capital in the banking system was central to the crisis.
Bančni modeli tveganja so vedno bolj napovedovali, da je za večino njihovih trgovskih dejavnosti potrebno manj kapitala.
Banks' risk models increasingly suggested that less capital was required against much of their trading activity.
Ko se je kriza razvila, je pomanjkanje kapitala postalo hitro očitno, neposredna in posredna velika državna podpora pa neizbežna.
As the crisis developed the lack of capital was quickly exposed and large scale direct and indirect government support was required.
V EU je bilo zagotovljeno približno 3,9 milijarde EUR državne pomoči.
In the EU direct state intervention of circa 3.9 trillion Euros was provided.
Davkoplačevalci ne bodo več sprejemali tega, da banke privatizirajo dobičke, izgube pa naprtijo družbi sami, zlasti ne po enem letu visokih dobičkov in nabranih premij, ki jih je omogočila državna podpora.
Taxpayers will no longer accept banks privatising profits but socialising losses, particularly following a year of elevated profits and bonuses generated on the back of exceptional government support.
Politike prejemkov v bančnem sektorju, zlasti pretirano visoke premije, so povzročile, da je prizadevanje za kratkoročnimi dobički vplivalo na dolgoročno stabilnost.
Remuneration policies in the banking sector, in particular excessive bonuses, have incentivised short term profit chasing over long term stability.
Ker so pobude posameznih trgovcev in direktorjev najpomembnejše pri sprejemanju odločitev družb, te politike povečujejo tveganja za družbe in finančne sisteme v celoti.
As the incentives of individual traders and directors are central to a firm's decision making these policies exacerbated risks to firms and to the financial system as a whole.
G20 in EU sta začeli z obsežnim programom reform, da bi preprečile bodoče krize ter s pobudami za prevzemanje prevelikih tveganj in za zagotavljanje, da davkoplačevalci ne plačujejo prihodnjih programov pomoči.
The G20 and the EU has embarked on a broad reform programme to prevent future crises, end incentives for excessive risk taking and ensure taxpayers are not responsible for future bailouts.
Poročevalec podpira predlog Komisije kot del tega reformnega postopka, predlaga pa tudi ukrepe za krepitev določb prejemkov in zagotavljanje nadzora Parlamenta nad postopkom Basel.
Your rapporteur supports this Commission proposal as part of that reform process, while proposing measures to strengthen the remuneration provisions and ensure Parliamentary oversight of the Basel process.
Komisija se je po finančni krizi natančneje poglobila v nestalne prejemke.
Following the financial crisis the Commission has looked closely at variable remuneration.
Larosièrejevo poročilo svetuje, da bi premije morale odražati učinkovitost in ne bi smele biti zajamčene ter da bi morale biti razširjene čez določeno število let.
The De Larosière report recommends that bonuses should reflect performance, not be guaranteed and should be spread over a number of years.
Ta načela so bila zajeta v priporočilu Komisije o politikah prejemkov v sektorju finančnih storitev z dne 30. aprila 2009, ki so osnova za besedilo o prejemkih v tem predlogu.
These principles were taken up in the Commission recommendation on remuneration policies in the financial services sector of 30 April 2009 which form the basis of the remuneration text in this proposal.
Predlog vsebuje sankcije v zvezi s finančnimi in nefinančnimi ukrepi ter večje kazni v kapitalskih zahtevah.
The proposal provides for sanctions, in terms of financial and non-financial measures and a penalty increase in capital requirements.
Predlog Komisije prav tako zagotavlja večjo preglednost in zahteve po razkritju.
The Commission text also provides for increased transparency and disclosure requirements.
Septembra 2009 je odbor za finančno stabilnost izdal načela premišljene prakse nadomestil, ki so ga v Pittsburgu potrdili voditelji G20.
In September 2009 the Financial Stability Board (FSB) published its Principles for Sound Compensation Practices, endorsed by G20 leaders in Pittsburgh.
Namen načel je odpraviti strukture prejemkov, ki spodbujajo izjemna tveganja ali pa šibijo finančne institucije.
The principles are designed to end remuneration structures that encourage excessive risk taking or weaken financial institutions.
Načela določajo sestavne dele za premišljeno prakso prejemkov na petih področjih:
The principles set out the elements for sound remuneration practice in five areas:
o upravljanje
o governance
o nadomestila in kapital
o compensation and capital
o plačilna struktura in prilagoditev tveganj
o pay structure and risk alignment
o razkritje
o disclosure
o nadzorni okvir
o supervisory oversight
Nova načela za premišljene prakse prejemkov
New Principles for Sound Remuneration Policies
Cilj predlogov sprememb, ki jih je vložil poročevalec, je vključiti in okrepiti načela odbora za finančno stabilnost v tem predlogu, da bi se zagotovil zanesljiv in pravičen sistem prejemkov.
The amendments tabled by your rapporteur intend to incorporate and strengthen the FSB principles in this proposal in order to deliver a robust and fair remuneration system.
Države članice lahko razširijo te zahteve iz predloga, vendar morajo preprečiti tveganja regulatorne arbitraže, tako da se vzpostavijo močni minimalni standardi.
Member States may go further than the requirements in this proposal but it is important to avoid the risk of regulatory arbitrage by establishing strong minimum standards.
Poročevalec zato predlaga naslednje zahteve:
Your rapporteur therefore proposes the following requirements:
· premije je treba zagotoviti na podlagi dolgoročnega uspeha, ne smejo pa biti zajamčene in odpraviti je treba tako imenovana zlata padala, ki nagrajujejo neuspeh;
· Bonuses must be awarded on the basis of long term performance and not be guaranteed, with no 'golden parachutes' that reward failure.
· ohranjanje stabilnosti družbe mora biti prednostna naloga, zato izplačila premij družb ne smejo omejevati pri njihovih povečevanjih lastnega kapitala;
· Maintaining a firm's stability must be its priority, therefore firms' bonus payments must not limit their ability to strengthen their capital base.
· načela odbora za finančno stabilnost uveljavljajo posebne ukrepe za banke v zameno za izjemno vladno podporo.
· The FSB principles apply special measures to banks in receipt of exceptional government support.
Da ne pride do moralnega tveganja, morajo biti družbe zavezane k izplačilu davkoplačevalcev, povečevanju deleža lastnega kapitala in šele nato izplačevati premije svojim direktorjem;
In order to prevent moral hazard, firms should be obliged to repay taxpayers, strengthen their capital base and only then be able to pay bonuses to their directors.
· med premijami in plačami mora obstajati ustrezno ravnovesje; zlasti ne sme premija posameznika znašati več kot 50 % njegovega skupnega lastnega prejemka;
· There must be an appropriate balance between bonus and salary; in particular an individual's bonus must not make up more than 50% of their total annual remuneration.
· vsaj 50 % premij je treba izplačati v deležih.
· At least 50% of a bonus must be paid in shares.
V skladu s predlogom Komisije (2009)3177 morajo biti deleži hranjeni vsaj tri leta
In line with Commission Recommendation (2009)3177 the shares must be retained for at least three years.
· znaten delež vsake premije je treba odložiti za obdobje, sorazmerno poslovnemu ciklu prodajanih izdelkov, odložen del pa se sme zahtevati nazaj v primeru neuspešnosti;
· A substantial proportion of any bonus must be deferred for a period commensurate with the business cycle of the products traded, and the deferred proportion should be clawed back in the event of underperformance.
· v vsakem primeru pa je treba odložiti vsaj 40 % premije (60 % za izjemno visoke premije).
· In any case, at least 40% of a bonus (60% for particularly large bonuses) must be deferred.
Obdobje odloga ne sme biti krajše od treh let.
The deferral period must not be less than three years.
Določbe za izboljšanje upravljanja družb, preglednosti in razkritja
Provisions to improve corporate governance, transparency and disclosure
Regulativni ukrepi in nadzor nista dovolj za učinkovito upravljanje družb in preglednost.
Regulatory measures and supervision do not substitute for effective corporate governance and transparency.
Jasno je, da samo vodstvo vse do začetka krize ni učinkovito nadzorovalo bančnih politik prejemkov.
It is clear that in the lead up to the crisis shareholders did not oversee banks' remuneration policies effectively.
Predlogi poročevalca:
Your rapporteur proposes that:
· družbe morajo ustanoviti odbor za prejemke, da nadzoruje njihove politike;
· Firms must establish a remuneration committee to oversee their policies.
· predsednik in večina članov odbora ne smejo imeti izvršne funkcije;
· The chair and a majority of the committee members be non-executive directors.
· člani morajo ohranjati dolgoročne interese delničarjev, vlagateljev in drugih zainteresiranih strani;
· The members be tasked with defending the long term interests of the firm's shareholders, investors and other stakeholders.
· družbe javno objavijo informacije o svojih politikah prejemkov in plačah, skupaj s plačami poslovnih enot in posameznih direktorjev.
· Firms publicly disclose information on their remuneration policies and payments, including payments by business unit and to individual directors.
Nacionalna in vseevropska primerjava
National and EU wide benchmarking
Ti ukrepi so jasno usmerjeni na soočanje z dejavniki tveganja v politikah prejemkov.
These measures are clearly focussed on addressing risk factors in remuneration policies.
Vendar je poročevalec zaskrbljen, da prakse prejemkov v finančnem sektorju izkrivljajo pobude v širšem gospodarstvu.
However your rapporteur is concerned that remuneration practices in the financial sector distort incentives within the wider economy.
Nacionalni nadzorniki morajo uporabiti informacije, ki jih zbirajo o politikah prejemkov in plačah, da lahko na nacionalni ravni primerjajo institucije, podobno nalogo na evropski ravni pa bi izvajal Evropski bančni organ.
National supervisors should use the information they collect on remuneration policies and payments to benchmark the institutions at a national level, with the European Banking Authority undertaking a similar exercise at the European level.
Primerjanje, močnejše upravljanje družb, sodelovanje zainteresiranih strani in večja preglednost bodo pomagali javnosti, vlagateljem in oblikovalcem politike, da sklenejo širše zaključke o politikah prejemkov v finančnem sektorju.
Benchmarking, stronger corporate governance, stakeholder involvement and greater transparency will help the public, investors and policymakers draw wider conclusions on the financial sector's remuneration practices.
Izvajanje sklepov iz Basla: kapitalske zahteve za trgovalno knjigo in dodatna listinjenja
Implementing Basel : Capital Requirements for the Trading Book and Re-securitisations
Baselski odbor za bančni nadzor organizira mednarodne razprave o kapitalskih zahtevah.
International discussions on capital requirements are organised through the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision.
Vrsta sprememb, dogovorjenih v Baslu, je že sprejetih v EU
A set of modifications agreed at Basel has already been adopted in the EU
Direktiva 2009/111/ES, „CRD 2“ , ki bodo začele veljati 31. decembra 2010.
Directive 2009/111/EC, "CRD 2" , to be applied from 31 December 2010.
Sedanji predlog odraža nadaljnje ukrepe, o katerih so se dogovorili v Baslu, z istim datumom veljave.
The current proposal reflects further measures agreed at Basel for the same application date.
O bolj temeljnih reformah pa se še vedno razpravlja.
More fundamental reforms are still under discussion.
Zato je treba na ta predlog gledati kot na korak v procesu reforme.
This proposal should therefore be seen as a step in the reform process.
Bolj stabilne banke
More Stable Banks
Banke so sprejele načelo višjih kapitalskih zahtev, pri čemer želijo zamudo pri uvedbi teh ukrepov ali „prehodno obdobje“ obstoječih sredstev.
Banks have accepted the principle of higher capital requirements, while seeking a delay in the introduction of these measures or the "grandfathering" of existing assets.
V svojem zagovarjanju se banke osredotočajo na potencialne učinke kreditne sposobnosti in realno ekonomijo.
In their arguments banks focus on the potential effect on lending capacity and the real economy.
Poročevalec priznava osrednji pomen sprejemanja učinkovitega načrta za oživitev in je pozorno prisluhnil težavam.
Your rapporteur acknowledges the central importance of fostering a strong recovery and has listened carefully to these concerns.
Vendar je treba upoštevati tri glavna dejstva:
However, three main facts must be considered:
V nasprotnem primeru se bodo kopičile nove pomanjkljivosti na bančnih izkazih, sedanje pomanjkljivosti pa bodo ostale neustrezno krite.
These measures are designed to correct the current undervaluing of risk in the trading book and for re-securitisations.
O tem, da je potreben pravočasen napredek pri teh ukrepih ni dvoma, v nasprotnem primeru obstaja tveganje za ponovni propad velikih bank;
Failure to correct this would result in new vulnerabilities building up on banks' balance sheets and leave existing vulnerabilities insufficiently covered.
Usklajevanje teh stroškov bo na splošno zmanjšalo pretirano osredotočanje namesto, da bi spodbujalo zmanjšanje posojanja
Bringing this cost into line will in general reduce this excessive focus rather than encourage a reduction in lending activity.
Od tega sporazuma dalje so banke izplačale znaten del svojega dohodka iz leta 2009 v obliki dividend in premij, čeprav so izplačila nekoliko omejile, ter tako pokazale, da lahko izpolnijo baselske obveznosti.
Since this agreement banks have, while restraining the proportion somewhat, disbursed a considerable portion of their 2009 income in the form of dividends and staff bonuses, signalling that they themselves believe they can meet the Basel commitments.
Poročevalec zato podpira predloge Komisije za izvajanje dogovorov iz Basla.
Your rapporteur therefore endorses those Commission proposals implementing agreements at Basel.
Poročevalec predlaga spremembe na treh področjih:
Your rapporteur proposes amendments in three areas:
najprej je pomembno nadalje izvajati sklepe iz Basla, da se izključi trgovanje s korelacijo iz novih zahtev trgovalne knjige;
Firstly, it is necessary to reflect the further Basel decision to exclude correlation trading from the new trading book requirements.
Drugič, razprave v Baslu potekajo na najnižji kapitalski zahtevi za trgovanje s korelacijo.
Secondly, discussions are ongoing at Basel on a minimum "floor" capital requirement for correlation trading.
Ker to še ni v celoti ocenjeno, je prezgodaj uvesti tovrstno določbo.
As this has not yet been fully assessed it is premature to introduce such a provision.
Poročevalec zato zagotavlja prenesena pooblastila za uvajanje najnižje zahteve, če bo tako dogovorjeno v Baslu.
Your rapporteur therefore provides for delegated powers to implement a floor if agreed at Basel.
In tretjič, predlog Komisije o tem, da mora za nadzor s potrebno skrbnostjo za zelo zapletena dodatna listinjenja veljati predhodna odobritev nadzornikov, je zelo tehten.
Thirdly, the Commission proposal that due diligence for highly complex re-securitisations be subject to prior approval by the supervisor has a strong rationale.
Pomanjkanje skrbnosti bank je povzročilo močno izpostavljenost tveganjem, ki niso bila dobro razumljena, kar je imelo bistveno vlogo v krizi.
The lack of due diligence by banks led to heavy exposure to risks that were not well understood and thus played a key role in the crisis.
Vsekakor pa je nujno, da se taka dodatna listinjenja jasno in natančno opredelijo, s čimer se zagotovi regulativna varnost in prepreči, da bi bili nadzorniki preobremenjeni zaradi dodatnega dela.
However, it is essential to have a clear and tight definition of such re-securitisations to provide regulatory certainty and prevent supervisors from being overwhelmed by additional workload.
Ukrep bi torej moral Parlament potrditi v skladu s postopkom za delegirane akte.
The measure should therefore be subject to Parliament's approval of a definition in accordance with the procedure for delegated acts.
Močnejši parlamentarni nadzor
Stronger Parliamentary Oversight
Komisija se pogaja o sporazumih v Baslu v imenu EU.
The Commission negotiates agreements at Basel on behalf of the EU.
Demokratične institucije EU morajo bistveno prispevati k temu procesu, zlasti ko se pogajajo o temeljnih političnih in ne tehničnih reformah, o katerih se razpravlja v Baslu.
It is not acceptable for the democratic institutions of the EU to be left without meaningful input into this process, particularly when negotiating the fundamental, political rather than technical, reforms currently under discussion in Basel.
CRD 2 vključuje klavzulo o pregledu, ki od Komisije zahteva, da do konca 2009 poroča o teh obširnejših reformah.
CRD 2 incorporated a review clause requiring the Commission to report by end 2009 on these wider reforms.
Sedaj se pripravlja obsežna ocena.
A comprehensive assessment is currently underway.
Pomembno je, da po sklepih te ocene in pred doseganjem nadaljnjega sporazuma o teh vprašanjih, Komisija sodeluje v pomembnem dialogu s Parlamentom za zagotovitev, da pogajanja potekajo na osnovi jasnega demokratičnega mandata.
It is essential that following the conclusion of this assessment, but prior to reaching further agreement on these issues at Basel, the Commission engages in meaningful dialogue with the Parliament to ensure that it negotiates on the basis of a clear democratic mandate.
Na podlagi Larosièrovega poročila, predstavljenega spomladi 2009, so bila v priporočilu Komisije z dne 30. aprila 2009 o plačnih politikah v sektorju finančnih storitev določena načela o strukturi prejemkov, postopku za pripravo in izvajanje premišljenih politik prejemkov (upravljanje), razkritju politike prejemkov zainteresiranim stranem in bonitetnem nadzoru v finančnem sektorju.
As a follow-up to the Larosière Report which was delivered in spring 2009, Commission Recommendation of 30 April 2009 on remuneration policies in the financial services sector sets out principles on the structure of remuneration, the process of designing and implementing sound remuneration policies (governance), disclosure of remuneration policies to stakeholders and prudential control (supervision) in the financial sector.
S spremembo direktiv o kapitalskih zahtevah 2006/48/ES in 2006/49/ES namerava Komisija ta načela narediti za zavezujoča, in sicer z določitvijo, da bi za politike prejemkov v bankah in investicijskih podjetjih veljal bonitetni nadzor.
By amending the Capital Requirements Directives 2006/48/EC and 2006/49/EC, the Commission intends to render these principles binding, by submitting the remuneration policies of banks and investment firms to prudential control.
Predlog Komisije obravnava tudi kapitalske zahteve za trgovalno knjigo in dodatna listinjenja, kar pa ne spada v pristojnost Odbora za zaposlovanje in socialne zadeve in zato v tem mnenju ni zajeto.
The Commission proposal also deals with capital requirements for the trading book and for re-securitisations, which however fall outside the remit of competences of the Committee on Employment and Social Affairs and therefore outside the scope of this Opinion.
To je lahko v obliki uvedbe kvalitativnih ukrepov (zahteva po zmanjšanju tveganja, povezanega s strukturo njihovih politik prejemkov) ali kvantitativnih ukrepov (zahteva, da morajo imeti dodatna lastna sredstva), v primeru kršitve načel iz direktive pa jim je lahko naložena tudi finančna kazen.
This can take the shape of the imposition of qualitative measures (requiring to reduce the risks inherent in the structure of their remuneration policies) or quantitative measures (requiring to hold additional own funds) and moreover of the imposition of financial penalties in case of breach of the principles set out in the Directive.
Pripravljavec mnenja je zadovoljen, da bosta direktivi o kapitalskih zahtevah 2006/48/ES in 2006/49/ES spremenjeni, vendar meni, da se je delo začelo prepozno.
The rapporteur is pleased that the Capital Requirements Directives 2006/48/EC and 2006/49/EC are being amended, but believes that the work has begun too late.
Številne posledice finančne in ekonomske krize bi lahko preprečili, če bi imeli večji nadzor in regulacijo.
Many of the consequences of the financial and economical crisis could have been avoided if we had more control and regulation.
Spremembo direktiv bi bilo tako treba uporabiti za preprečitev, da bi se še kdaj znašli v podobnem finančnem in ekonomskem položaju.
The amending of the Directives should therefore be used to secure that we are never put in a similar financial and economical situation again.
Pripravljavec mnenja poziva k primerljivim mehanizmom za upravljanje in bonitetni nadzor za politike prejemkov na tistih področjih finančnega sektorja, ki jih ne pokrivata ti direktivi (zavarovanja, alternativni investicijski skladi itd.).
The rapporteur calls for comparable governance and prudential supervision mechanisms for remuneration policies in those areas of the financial sector not covered by these Directives (insurances, alternative investment funds, etc.).
Namen predlogov sprememb Odbora za zaposlovanje in socialne zadeve je:
The amendments the Committee on Employment and Social Affairs is proposing are intended to:
§ pojasniti področje uporabe direktive, in sicer za osebje, katerega poklicne dejavnosti imajo bistven vpliv na profil tveganja kreditnih institucij in investicijskih podjetij;
§ clarify the scope of application of the Directive, namely the categories of staff whose professional activities have a material impact on the risk profile of credit institutions and investment firms;
§ zagotoviti, da regulacija strukture prejemkov v finančnem sektorju ne poteka v škodo pravice uprave in delavcev do kolektivnih pogajanj.
§ ensure that when the structure of remuneration in the financial sector is being regulated, this is not done to the detriment of the right of management and labour to collective bargaining.
To je treba pojasniti v besedilu direktive o kapitalskih zahtevah, ne le v preambuli;
This should be specified in the text itself of the Capital Requirements Directive, and not just in its preamble;
§ okrepiti določbe o plačni strukturi in prilagoditvi tveganj – fiksni namesto variabilni prejemek, gotovina namesto delnic ali delnicam podobnih instrumentov, odloženo plačilo, pridobitev pravic, zahteve po vračilu sredstev – po načelih, ki jih je določil odbor za finančno stabilnost in so dobila mednarodno potrditev na srečanju G-20 v Pittsburghu 24. in 25. septembra 2009, predlagalo pa jih je predsedstvo Sveta;
§ reinforce the provisions on pay structure and risk alignment - fixed versus variable pay, cash versus shares or share-like instruments, deferred pay, vesting of rights, claw back - as required by the principles established by the Financial Stability Board and internationally endorsed by the G-20 at the Pittsburg Summit on 24-25 September 2009, and as proposed by the Council Presidency;