natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Mehika 2006.
Mexico, 2006 Feminicide appears in a social context conditioned by a patriarchal mentality, where most domestic and reproductive labour is performed by women, whose independence in society is consequently impaired, as well as by insecurity, inequality, poverty and the maquiladora model of economic modernisation.
Do njih prihaja v družbenem okolju, ki je pod vplivom patriarhalne miselnosti, v katerem večino gospodinjskih del in vzgoje opravljajo ženske.
Central America and Mexico have witnessed a sharp increase in violent killings in recent years.
Hkrati so deležne negotovosti, neenakosti, revščine in gospodarske modernizacije v obliki tovarn maquilas (tovarn podizvajlcev).
Thanks to the greater publicity given to the issue and stronger organisation on the part of the victims' relatives and friends in the denunciation of cases, the phenomenon is becoming increasingly visible, although the campaign against it has yet to make sufficient progress.
V Srednji Ameriki in Mehiki se je število nasilnih smrti v zadnjih letih zelo povečalo.
The official Mexican statistics state that between 1999 and 2006 6000 girls and women were killed.
Celotna številka zajema nasilne smrti zaradi različnih vzrokov, kot so prometne nesreče, požari, družinsko nasilje in umori žensk.
In El Salvador, there were 2374 killings, a figure which rose to 2933 in 2004.
Glej poročilo posebnega odbora za umore žensk 59. zakonodaje v poslanski zbornici in poročila odbora za preprečevanje in izkoreninjenje nasilja nad ženskami v Ciudad Juarezu. .
In Honduras, 442 women and girls were the victims of violent killings between 2002 and 2005.
V Gvatemali je bilo od leta 2001 do avgusta 2004 umorjenih 1.188 žensk; Leta 2001 je bilo v Salvadorju 2.374 umorov, leta 2004 pa se je število povečalo na 2.933; V Hondurasu je od leta 2002 do 2005 nasilne smrti umrlo 442 žensk, mladoletnic in deklic; V Nikaragvi so bile od leta 2003 do 2005 umorjene 203 ženske
In Nicaragua, 203 women were murdered between 2003 and 2005.
Podatki nacionalne policije, glej poročilo CLADEM 2007. .
National police data - see CLADEM report 2007.
Tako skoraj ni preprečevalnih ukrepov, preiskave so še vedno slabe, večini storilcev zločinov pa ni sojeno.
The investigations that are carried out tend to lack teeth, and the majority of the perpetrators are not being brought to justice.
Simbolična primera sta umora dveh Evropejk v Mehiki.
The cases of the two European women murdered in Mexico have particular symbolic value.
Nerazjasnitev umora Hester Van Nierop in zamude v kazenskem postopku proti morilcem Brende Searle kažejo na velike pomanjkljivosti sodnega sistema
The grave shortcomings of the legal system are clear from the failure to elucidate the murder of Van Nierop and the delays affecting the trial of Searle's killers.
Morilci Brende Searle so bili obsojeni leta 2007. .
Only in 2007 was a sentence passed on Brenda Searle's killers.
Splošne razmere, v katerih prihaja do umorov žensk, imajo naslednje značilnosti:
The general context in which feminicide is perpetrated is as follows:
Ne smemo pozabiti na posebne lokalne značilnosti kot na primer v Ciudad Juarezu, ki je mesto na meji z ZDA, preko katerega se tihotapi drogo, število prebivalstva pa se veča brez primernih storitev itd.
Local circumstances should also be taken into account: for instance, Ciudad Juárez is a border city located on the frontier with the US, and is characterised by drug-dealing and a rapid growth not matched by suitable services, etc.
– Družbena neenakost: v Mehiki in Srednji Ameriki
— Social inequality : Mexico and Central America
Honduras je na primer tretja najrevnejša država latinske Amerike, kjer 80 % prebivalcev živi v revščini; v Nikaragvi živi pod pragom revščine 50 % prebivalcev. obstajajo velike gospodarske razlike v družbi, ženske pa so ekonomsko odvisne od moških.
Thus, Honduras is Latin America's third poorest country, with 80% of its people living below the poverty line; the corresponding figure for Nicaragua is 50%. are characterised by high levels of economic inequality in society and by women being economically dependent on men.
– Patriarhalna miselnost: družbena struktura v Mehiki in Srednji Ameriki je zasnovana na patriarhalni miselnosti, v kateri je nasilje nad ženskami popolnoma sprejemljivo.
— Patriarchal attitudes: the social structure in Mexico and Central America is based on a patriarchal mentality, with violence against women being considered perfectly 'normal'.
Poleg tega, da je v patriarhatu to nasilje sprejemljivo, pa povzroča tudi veliko delitev delovnega trga in otežuje priznavanje političnega prispevka žensk.
Patriarchal attitudes not only naturalise violence against women but lead to a severe segmentation of the labour market and hinder the recognition of the political contributions made by women.
Veliko je pritožb zaradi grozotnih delovnih pogojev v teh tovarnah, brez pogodb za nedoločen delovni čas, delo poteka v ponižujočih pogojih, prevoz na delovno mesto je slab in nevaren, javna infrastruktura pa je pomanjkljiva.
Complaints are recurrent regarding the appalling conditions in which the employees have to work, without fixed contracts and in degrading conditions, with few and irregular transport facilities and inadequate public infrastructures.
Kršitev delovnih pravic delavk, kar pomeni tudi njihovih človekovih pravic, še utrjuje kulturno predstavo ženske kot manjvrednega bitja, vrednega prezira
This disrespect for women workers' labour rights, and therefore for their human rights, tends to reinforce a cultural image of woman as an inferior being, to be discarded at will.
Umori žensk v industriji tovarn maquilas, Francesca Gargallo FIDH. .
See: 'El feminicidio en la industria maquiladora', Francesca Gargallo (FIDH).
– Nedelujoča pravna država: dokazi kažejo, da državam ne uspe zagotoviti učinkovitosti sodnega sistema, dostopa do pravice ali varnosti ter polnega spoštovanja človekovih pravic svojih državljanov.
— Failure to guarantee the rule of law: It appears that Mexico's states are not succeeding in ensuring the effectiveness of the legal system, access to justice, or security and full enjoyment of their human rights for their inhabitants.
– Nekaznovanost: nekaznovanost je rezultat korupcije in neučinkovitosti sodnih organov ter dokazuje, da obstaja sokrivda in zaščita (neposredna ali posredna) krivcev.
— Impunity : The phenomenon of impunity arises from a corrupt and inefficient legal system and presupposes complicity with and protection (direct or indirect) of the guilty parties.
Spodbuja ponovne zločine in ustvarja vzdušje splošne nevarnosti.
It encourages the repetition of crimes and creates a climate of collective insecurity.
Pri zločinih nad ženskami je nekaznovanost pogostejša kot pri drugih vrstah zločinov.
Crimes committed specifically against women are more likely to go unpunished than other offences.
Na to je opozoril generalni sekretar OZN v pobudi za izkoreninjenje nasilja nad ženskami, ki je bila sprožena ob mednarodnem dnevu žena 8. marca 2007.
This point was made by the UN Secretary-General in the context of the campaign to eradicate violence against women and the celebrations of 8 March 2007.
Glej sporazum med Organizacijo združenih narodov in gvatemalsko vlado o ustanovitvi mednarodnega odbora proti nekaznovanosti v Gvatemali (CICIG) iz novembra 2006. , ki so se oblikovale v oboroženih spopadih.
Cf. the UN terminology: see the November 2006 UN-Guatemala agreement on establishing an international committee of inquiry against impunity in Guatemala (CICIG). .
V Srednji Ameriki se umore žensk ponavadi pripiše mladoletniškim tolpam (imenovanim maras ) ali prostituciji, da se tako zmanjša resnost problema.
In Central America the blame for feminicides is often laid at the door of the 'maras' or linked to prostitution, in order to minimise the problem.
– Nasilnost umorov: te umore zaznamuje sovraštvo do žensk.
— Violent nature of the killings: These murders bear the marks of hatred and misogyny.
Ženske so ugrabljene, spolno zlorabljene, mučene, umorjene, pohabljene in odvržene v puščavi, na robu cest, trgih ali nepozidanih parcelah.
The women are kidnapped, sexually abused, tortured, murdered and mutilated, and their bodies are left in the desert, by the roadside, or in markets or vacant lots.
– Pomanjkanje finančnih sredstev za institucije, namenjene reševanju vprašanja umorov žensk: institucije, ki so jih ustanovile države, se soočajo predvsem s pomanjkanjem finančnih in človeških virov
— Underfunding of the institutions created to tackle feminicide: The main obstacle facing the state institutions that have been created is lack of financial and human resources.
Primer tega je nacionalni načrt za preprečevanje in izkoreninjanje nasilja v družini nad ženskami PLANOVI v Gvatemali. .
See, for instance, the case of the National Plan for the Prevention and Elimination of Violence against Women in the Family (PLANOVI) in Guatemala.
– Pomanjkljivosti v nacionalnih zakonodajah in ratifikacija mednarodnih instrumentov: v Mehiki in Srednji Ameriki obstajajo nacionalni zakoni in načrti za preprečevanje in izkoreninjenje nasilja nad ženskami, v katerih je vključen boj proti umorom žensk, vendar pa se večina teh ne izvaja učinkovito zaradi več razlogov, kot je pomanjkanje človeških in finančnih virov
— Shortcomings of national legislation / ratification of international instruments : Mexico and the Central American countries have laws and national plans for the prevention and eradication of violence against women, including the fight against feminicide, but in most cases they are not being implemented effectively for various reasons, among them the lack of human and financial resources.
Glej priloge nacionalnih zakonodaj. .
See annexes from the national legislatures.
Nikaragva na primer ni ratificirala izbirnega protokola Konvencije o odpravi vseh oblik diskriminacije žensk,
Nicaragua, for instance, has not ratified the CEDAW optional protocol,
Konvencija o odpravi vseh oblik diskriminacije žensk iz leta 1979. kjer je določen postopek pritožb v primeru kršitev človekovih pravic, in v katerem se pooblašča odbor, da prične s preiskavami o resnih kršitvah pravic žensk.
Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW). which establishes a procedure for complaining against human rights violations and enables the Committee to initiate investigations into severe cases of violation of women's rights.
Poročevalec meni, da vrsta odnosov, ki združujejo Evropsko unijo, Mehiko in Srednjo Ameriko ter dolžnost vseh zadevnih strani glede varovanja človekovih pravic, obvezuje EU, naj ukrepa in nudi svojo polno podporo za kaznovanje umorov žensk s pomočjo vseh instrumentov, ki jih ima na voljo, od programov za preprečevanje do pomoči za preoblikovanje in okrepitev institucij.
Your rapporteur's view is that, in view of the nature of the EU's relations with Mexico and Central America and the commitment of all parties to full respect for human rights, the Union is under an obligation to act and to offer its total support to ensure that acts of feminicide do not go unpunished, making use of all the instruments available to it, from prevention campaigns to support for institutional reconstruction and development.
Obstoječi sporazumi so zadostna osnova za ukrepanje.
The existing agreements between the parties provide a sufficient basis for action.
(Ponovna) vzpostavitev pravne države, v kateri bo sodni sistem preoblikovan, da bo deloval brez korupcije, in ki bo dostopen za vse državljanke in državljane, mora biti prednostna naloga evropskega sodelovanja in političnega dialoga s temi državami.
The (re)establishment of the rule of law, with a legal system restructured so that it operates without corruption and is accessible to all citizens of both genders, must be a priority for the Union in the context of cooperation and political dialogue.
Prav tako mora to biti cilj tretjega stebra odnosov, predvsem trgovinskega poglavja zlasti, ko so vpletena evropska podjetja in kapital.
In addition, this should be a guiding objective for the third pillar of relations, namely the commercial chapter, especially where EU enterprises and capital are involved.
Gre za družbeno odgovornost gospodarskih družb, ki vključuje vidike enakosti spolov, kot je dostojna in enaka plača, zaščita delavk pred diskriminacijo zaradi spola na delovnem mestu in tudi vprašanja varnosti pri prevozu na delovna mesta.
What is in question here is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), with its attendant implications regarding gender issues: equal pay at a decent level, protection of women workers against gender discrimination in the workplace, and security for those travelling to or from the workplace.
Evropski uniji se bolj podrobno predlaga, da:
In practical terms, we propose that the EU should:
– na predstavništvih EU v omenjenih državah poskrbi za usposobljeno osebje za vprašanja spolov;
— ensure that its representations in the countries concerned recruit staff qualified in gender matters;
– naredi konkretne korake, kot je vzpostavitev funkcije koordinatorja/ce za vprašanja spolov in umorov žensk; oblikuje poročila o napredku in težavah, povezanih s tem vprašanjem, ki se posredujejo Komisiji, Svetu in Parlamentu;
— assume concrete responsibilities including the creation of the post of coordinator for gender issues and feminicide, and commission reports on the progress achieved and the problems encountered, to be sent to the Commission, the Council and Parliament;
– določi obvezno točko o umorih žensk in nekaznovanosti na dnevnih redih različnih nivojev političnega dialoga, kot so skupni svet in skupni odbor;
— ensure the mandatory inclusion of an item on feminicide and impunity on the agendas of the various levels of the political dialogue, such as the Joint Council and Joint Committee;
– ustanovi stalni forum o umorih žensk, v primeru Mehike v sodelovanju z Organizacijo za gospodarsko sodelovanje in razvoj, zlasti z nacionalno kontaktno osebo te organizacije, ki skrbi, da multinacionalke spoštujejo določene smernice;
— set up a permanent Round Table on Feminicide, in the Mexican case in cooperation with the OECD, and in particular with its National Contact Point, to have responsibility for ensuring compliance with the guidelines for multinational companies;
– zagotovi, da se v strateške dokumente države 2007 - 2013 vključi boj proti umorom žensk in nekaznovanosti, najkasneje ob njegovi triletni posodobitvi;
— ensure that the Country Strategy Papers for 2007-2013 cover the fight against feminicide and impunity, no later than the next three-yearly revision;
– zagotovi, da ima pri pogajanjih za pridružitveni sporazum s Srednjo Ameriko to vprašanje posebno mesto;
— ensure that the subject is highlighted in the negotiations for an Association Agreement with the countries of Central America;
– prav tako, zagotovi vključitev v zastavljeni načrt pridružitvenega sporazuma z Mehiko, zlasti v sporazum o naložbah.
— also ensure its inclusion in the 'inbuilt agenda' of the Association Agreement with Mexico, and, in particular, in the related investment agreement.
Naloga Evropskega parlamenta v primeru umorov žensk in nekaznovanosti v Mehiki in Srednji Ameriki je predvsem spremljanje dela Komisije in držav članic za izkoreninjenje tega pojava v tej regiji.
The role of the European Parliament on the issue of feminicide and impunity in Mexico and Central America must be, above all, to monitor the actions carried out in the region by the Commission and the Member States in order to eradicate the phenomenon.
Zato je pomembno, da se pripravi konferenco o umorih žensk pred naslednjim evro-latinskoameriškim vrhom, ki bo potekal v Limi maja 2008, na kateri bodo prisotni vsi omenjeni organi in strokovnjaki, da se na podlagi rezultatov oceni napredek in določi prihodnjo strategijo.
It is important in this context that a conference on feminicide should be organised before the next Euro-Latin American summit scheduled for May 2008 in Lima, with the presence of all the institutions and authorities mentioned above, in order to examine the state of progress and adjust future strategy in the light of the results achieved.
Umori žensk v Srednji Ameriki in Mehiki ter vloga Evropske unije v boju proti tem dejanjem
The murders of women (feminicides) in Central America and Mexico and the role of the European Union in fighting this phenomenon
o predlogu Direktive Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta o skupnih standardih in postopkih v državah članicah za vračanje državljanov tretjih držav, ki nezakonito prebivajo v EU
on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on common standards and procedures in Member States for returning illegally staying third-country nationals
MANJŠINSKO MNENJE........................................................................................................32
MINORITY OPINION.............................................................................................................29
MNENJE Odbora za zunanje zadeve .........................................................................33
OPINION of the Committee on Foreign Affairs .................................................30
MNENJE Odbora za razvoj ...........................................................................................40
OPINION of the Committee on Development ......................................................37
– ob upoštevanju predloga Komisije Evropskemu parlamentu in Svetu ( KOM(2005)0391 )
– having regard to the Commission proposal to the European Parliament and the Council ( COM(2005)0391 )
– ob upoštevanju člena 251(2) in člena 63(3)(b) Pogodbe ES, na podlagi katerih je Komisija Parlamentu podala predlog ( C6‑0266/2005 ),
– having regard to Article 251(2) and Article 63(3)(b) of the EC Treaty, pursuant to which the Commission submitted the proposal to Parliament ( C6‑0266/2005 ),
– ob upoštevanju poročila Odbora za državljanske svoboščine, pravosodje in notranje zadeve in mnenj Odbora za zunanje zadeve ter Odbora za razvoj ( A6‑0339/2007 ),
– having regard to the report of the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs and the opinions of the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Development ( A6‑0339/2007 ),
Navedba sklicevanja 1 a (novo)
Citation 1 a (new)
Ob upoštevanju 20 smernic o prisilnem vračanju, ki jih je Odbor ministrov Sveta Evrope sprejel 4. maja 2005 (CM(2005)40),
Having regard to the 20 guidelines on forced return adopted by the Council of Europe Committee of Ministers on 4 May 2005 (CM(2005)40),
(-1) Evropski svet v Tampereju 15. in 16. oktobra 1999 je uvedel skladen pristop na področju priseljevanja in azila, ki se skupaj ukvarja z oblikovanjem skupnega azilnega sistema, politiko zakonitega priseljevanja in bojem proti nezakonitemu priseljevanju.
(-1) The Tampere European Council of 15 and 16 October 1999 established a coherent approach in the field of immigration and asylum, dealing together with the creation of a common asylum system, a legal immigration policy and the fight against illegal immigration.
(-1a) Da bi olajšali postopek vračanja, se poudari potreba po dvostranskih in večstranskih sporazumih o ponovnem sprejemu med EU in tretjimi državami.
(-1a) In order to facilitate the return process, the need for bilateral and multilateral readmission agreements between the EU and third countries is underlined.
(1a) Priznava se, da so države legitimno upravičene do vračanja ljudi.
(1a) It is recognised that it is legitimate for States to return people.
Predpogoj za takšno domnevo je, da so vzpostavljeni pravični in učinkoviti azilni sistemi, ki v celoti upoštevajo načelo nevračanja.
The pre-requisite for this assumption is that fair and efficient asylum systems are in place, which fully respect the principle of non-refoulement.
(1b) V skladu s členom 33 ženevske konvencije o statusu beguncev z dne 28. julija 1951 države članice na nikakršen način ne izženejo ali vrnejo begunca na meje ozemelj, kjer bi bila njegovo življenje ali svoboda ogrožena.
(1b) According to Article 33 of the Geneva Convention of 28 July 1951 relating to the Status of Refugees, Member States shall not expel or return a refugee in any manner whatsoever to the frontiers of territories where his life or freedom would be threatened .
Načelo nevračanja se uporablja tudi za osebe, ki so nameščene v tranzitnih območjih.
The principle of non-refoulement also applies to persons placed in transit zones.
(2a) Mednarodno sodelovanje z državami izvora na vseh ravneh postopka vračanja je predpogoj za doseganje trajnega vračanja.
(2a) International cooperation with countries of origin at all stages of the return process is a prerequisite to achieving sustainable return.
(2b) Sodelovanje med institucijami, ki sodelujejo na vseh stopnjah postopka vračanja, ter izmenjava in spodbujanje najboljših praks spremljajo izvajanje te direktive in zagotavljajo evropsko dodano vrednost.
(2b) Cooperation between the institutions involved at all levels in the return process and the exchange and promotion of best practices should accompany the implementation of this Directive and provide European added value.
(4) Države članice bi morale zagotoviti, da se pri zaključku nezakonitega bivanja ukrepi izvedejo na podlagi poštenih in transparentnih postopkov.
(4) Member States should ensure that the ending of illegal stay is carried out through a fair and transparent procedure.
(4) Države članice bi morale zagotoviti, da se pri zaključku nezakonitega bivanja državljana tretje države v EU ukrepi izvedejo na podlagi poštenih in transparentnih postopkov ; v skladu s splošnimi načeli zakonodaje EU bi se morale odločitve, sprejete v okviru te direktive, sprejemati na podlagi odločanja od primera do primera in bi morale upoštevati posamična in objektivna merila .
(4) Member States should ensure that the ending of illegal stay of third-country nationals in the EU is carried out through a fair and transparent procedure ; according to general principles of EU law, decisions taken under this Directive should be taken on a case-by-case basis and should take individual and objective criteria into account .
(6) Kjer ni razlogov, zaradi katerih bi lahko verjeli, da bi to spodkopalo namen postopka vračanja, se daje prednost prostovoljnemu vračanju pred prisilnim vračanjem, zagotoviti pa se mora tudi obdobje za prostovoljni odhod.
(6) Where there are no reasons to believe that this would undermine the purpose of a return procedure , voluntary return should be preferred over forced return and a period for voluntary departure should be granted.
(6) Prostovoljnemu vračanju se daje prednost pred prisilnim vračanjem, zagotoviti pa se mora tudi obdobje za prostovoljni odhod.
(6) Voluntary return should be preferred over forced return and a period for voluntary departure should be granted.
Besedilo ni jasno, predvidevati pa bi moralo predvsem prostovoljno vračanje.
The text is unclear and should mainly foresee voluntary return.
(11) Uporaba začasne omejitve prostosti bi morala biti omejena in povezana z načelom sorazmernosti.
(11) The use of temporary custody should be limited and bound to the principle of proportionality.
Začasna omejitev prostosti bi se morala uporabiti samo, če je nujno, da se prepreči tveganje pobega in če uporaba manj strogih prisilnih ukrepov ni zadostna.
Temporary custody should only be used if necessary to prevent the risk of absconding and if the application of less coercive measures would not be sufficient.
(11) Uporaba pridržanja bi morala biti omejena in povezana z načelom sorazmernosti.
(11) The use of detention should be limited and bound to the principle of proportionality.
Pridržanje bi se moralo uporabiti samo, če je nujno, da se prepreči tveganje pobega in če uporaba manj strogih prisilnih ukrepov ni zadostna.
Detention should only be used if necessary to prevent the risk of absconding and if the application of less coercive measures would not be sufficient.
(Ta sprememba velja za celotno besedilo.)
(This change applies throughout the text.)