natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Načela, ki urejajo odnose med Unijo in državami članicami, so prav tako navedena v prvih členih spremenjene Pogodbe o Evropski uniji: Unija se zavezuje, da bo spoštovala nacionalno identiteto držav članic, in sicer temeljne elemente njihove politične in ustavne strukture: Unija spoštuje odločitve, ki jih lahko sprejme vsaka država članica v zvezi z ozemeljsko razdelitvijo pristojnosti – od določitve svojih meja do regionalne ali lokalne avtonomije –, z ohranjanjem javnega reda in varovanjem nacionalne varnosti.
The principles governing relations between the Union and the Member States are also set out in the first articles of the amended TEU: the Union undertakes to respect the national identity of the Member States, i.e. the fundamental elements of their political and constitutional structures; it respects the decisions which each Member State may take regarding the territorial distribution of power - from the fixing of its borders to regional or local autonomy - the maintenance of law and order and the safeguarding of national security.
Sicer pa sporazum iz Lizbone poudarja, da „nacionalna varnost ostaja v izključni pristojnosti vsake države članice“
Moreover, the agreement reached in Lisbon emphasises that ‘national security remains the sole responsibility of each Member State’
Dejstvo, ki v vsakem primeru izhaja že iz prvega dela člena 5(2) Pogodbe o Evropski uniji. .
A principle which, at all events, could already be derived from the first part of paragraph 2 of Article 5 of the TEU. .
V istem členu določa spremenjena Pogodba o Evropski uniji tudi načelo lojalnega sodelovanja med Unijo in državami članicami za doseganje skupnih ciljev.
Finally, in that same article the amended TEU also lays down the principle of sincere cooperation between the Union and the Member States with a view to the achievement of their shared objectives.
Spremenjena Pogodba o Evropski uniji vzpostavlja v svojih uvodnih določbah načelo dodeljevanja pristojnosti (Unija ima le tiste pristojnosti, ki ji jih v pogodbah dodelijo države članice) ter načeli subsidiarnosti in sorazmernosti, načela, ki urejajo izvajanje pristojnosti Unije, čeprav je bilo poglavje o opredelitvi pristojnosti Unije dejansko vstavljeno v Pogodbo o delovanju Evropske unije.
In its introductory provisions the amended TEU also lays down the principle of the conferral of competences (the Union has only those competences which are conferred on it by the Member States in the Treaties) and the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality, the principles which govern the exercise of the Union's competences, even though the chapter dealing with the definition of the Union's competences has been incorporated into the TFEU.
Zaradi upoštevanja stališča nekaterih držav članic, ki si prizadevajo dokazati, da reformna pogodba ni „spremenjena ustava“, se načelo primarnosti prava Unije nad nacionalnim pravom v pogodbah na žalost ni jasno ohranilo, vendar je predmet izjave (izjava št. 17), ki opozarja na ustaljeno sodno prakso Sodišča glede primarnosti prava Unije in izraža mnenje pravne službe Sveta, v skladu s katerim je to načelo temelj prava Unije in dejstvo, da le-to ni zapisano v prihodnji pogodbi, „ne bo v ničemer spremenilo obstoja tega načela niti veljavne sodne prakse Sodišča“.
In order to placate certain Member States primarily concerned to demonstrate that the amending Treaty is not simply a Constitution by another name, a statement of the principle of the primacy of Union law over national law has regrettably not been retained in a prominent position in the Treaties, but is the subject of a declaration (Declaration No 17), which draws attention to the settled case law of the Court of Justice concerning the primacy of Union law and incorporates an opinion of the Council Legal Service which states that this principle is a cornerstone principle of Community law and that the fact that the principle of primacy will not be included in the future Treaty ‘shall not in any way change the existence of the principle and the existing case law of the Court of Justice’.
Vrednote in načela so torej etični temelj Unije, ki dobi konkretno obliko zlasti v Listini o temeljnih pravicah.
The values and principles outlined in the preceding paragraphs thus represent the ethical foundation of the Union, a foundation which is given practical form in the Charter of Fundamental Rights.
Listina ni vključena v pogodbe, kot je bila v primeru ustave, temveč je predmet določbe o sprejetju, ki ji podeljuje zavezujočo pravno moč, saj ji priznava enako veljavnost, kot jo imajo pogodbe.
That Charter is not incorporated into the Treaties, as it was into the Constitution, but is the subject of a provision which makes it legally binding by acknowledging that it has the same legal value as the Treaties themselves.
Cilji, dodeljeni Uniji, utemeljujejo njen obstoj in so razlog, zakaj so se države članice odločile ustanoviti Unijo.
The objectives assigned to the Union justify its existence and are the reason behind the Member States' decision to establish the Union.
Vrednote, načela in cilji vodijo vsako dejavnost Unije.
They govern its action in all areas.
Čeprav vrednote, načela in cilji, opredeljeni v teh členih, niso popolnoma novi, nekateri med njimi niso bili nikoli jasno izraženi in niso bili nikoli predmet sistematizacije.
Although the values, principles and objectives defined in these articles are not entirely new, some of them had never previously been clearly stated and had never previously been systematised.
Gre torej za pomemben korak, s katerim bodo državljani dobili jasen in zelo simboličen vpogled v pomen Unije.
This represents an important step towards providing citizens with a clear, highly symbolic insight into precisely what the Union signifies.
Državljani v središču evropskega povezovanja: evropsko državljanstvo in nov status Listine o temeljnih pravicah
Citizens at the heart of the European integration process: European citizenship and the new status of the Charter of Fundamental Rights
Pogodba o Evropski uniji v svojih prvih določbah priznava tudi evropsko državljanstvo, ki se pridruži državljanstvu vsake države članice in ga ne nadomešča (prav nacionalno državljanstvo je temelj za priznanje evropskega državljanstva).
In its opening provisions, the TEU also recognises European citizenship, which complements, but does not replace, citizenship of each Member State (in fact, national citizenship is the basis for recognition of European citizenship).
Vendar pa so členi o dejanski vsebini pravic evropskih državljanov prestavljeni v Pogodbo o delovanju Evropske unije
However, the articles dealing with the practical substance of European citizens’ rights are relegated to the TFEU
Osnutek pogodbe iz julija 2007 je tudi opredelitev državljanstva prestavil v Pogodbo o delovanju Evropske unije in zgolj zaradi prizadevanj predstavnikov Evropskega parlamenta na medvladni konferenci se je priznavanje evropskega državljanstva prestavilo v začetne določbe Pogodbe o Evropski uniji (kar je tudi potrebno, saj se določbe te pogodbe pogosto sklicujejo na „državljane“). .
The draft Treaty submitted in July 2007 also moved the definition of citizenship to the TFEU and only determined efforts on the part of Parliament’s representatives to the IGC ensured that recognition of European citizenship has after all been incorporated into the opening provisions of the TEU, which is as it should be, since that Treaty makes repeated reference to 'citizens'. .
Čeprav je ta ločitev v besedilu obžalovanja vredna, ni dvoma, da pogodbe v ospredje evropskega povezovanja vse bolj postavljajo človeka, torej moške in ženske, ki imajo pravice in dolžnosti, ki so državljani Unije, ker so državljani ene od držav članic, in ki zato uživajo dodatne pravice, ki izhajajo iz evropskega državljanstva.
However, this regrettable physical separation in no way alters the fact that the Treaties increasingly place individuals at the heart of the European integration process, that is to say the men and women who have rights and obligations, who are Union citizens because they are citizens of a Member State and who, by virtue of that fact, enjoy all the additional rights conferred on them by European citizenship.
V ustavi je bila Listina o temeljnih pravicah vključena v del II.
The Constitution incorporated the Charter of Fundamental Rights into its Part II.
Vključitev, ki jo je Evropski parlament zelo zagovarjal, bi pomenila polno priznavanje, da so v središču evropskega povezovanja ljudje.
That arrangement, fervently advocated by Parliament, represented full acknowledgement of the fact that people are at the heart of the European integration process.
Zaradi nasprotovanja nekaterih držav članic je bilo treba na medvladni konferenci leta 2007 takšno vključitev opustiti.
At the 2007 IGC, in the face of opposition from some Member States, the decision to incorporate the Charter into the Treaty had to be reversed.
Kljub temu se je velika večina držav članic pridružila Parlamentu in je bila pripravljena sprejeti opustitev zgolj, če se v pogodbah prizna zavezujoča pravna moč listine.
However, most Member States joined Parliament in making agreement to that concession contingent on recognition in the Treaties of the binding legal force of the Charter.
To je določeno v členu 6 nove Pogodbe o Evropski uniji, ki navaja, da „Unija priznava pravice, svoboščine in načela iz Listine o temeljnih pravicah Evropske unije z dne 7. decembra 2000, prilagojene 12. decembra 2007 v Strassbourgu, ki ima enako pravno veljavnost kot Pogodbi.“ Listina s tem uradnim sprejetjem dobi zavezujočo pravno moč in enako vrednost kot pogodbe (zgolj tako se listina lahko uporablja kot parameter za presojo veljavnosti aktov Unije).
This is precisely what Article 6 of the new TEU does, stating that ‘the Union recognises the rights, freedoms and principles set out in the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union of 7 December 2000, as adapted at Strasbourg on 12 December 2007, which shall have the same legal value as the Treaties’.
Tako je po eni strani zavezujoča za evropske institucije, ki delujejo vsaka v okviru svojih pristojnosti, in po drugi strani države članice, vendar zgolj kadar nastopajo kot izvršiteljice prava Skupnosti.
As a result of this formal recognition, the Charter has acquired a binding legal force and the same legal value as the Treaties (the only way, moreover, in which it could serve as a parameter by which to judge the validity of Union acts): it is thus binding both on the European institutions, acting in the framework of their respective competences, and on the Member States, but only when they act as implementers of Community law.
Državljani so s tem v odnosu do Unije dobili dodatno jamstvo za varstvo temeljnih pravic.
It thus offers citizens a further guarantee of the protection of fundamental rights vis-à-vis the Union.
To nikakor ne pomeni izpodbijanja varstva temeljnih pravic, ki jih vsaka nacionalna ustava zagotavlja svojim državljanom v odnosu do njihove države, niti prikrite dodelitve novih pristojnosti Uniji, ki bi tako lahko po mnenju nekaterih državam članicam vsiljevala smernice na področju gospodarske in socialne politike.
This in no way signifies that the protection of the fundamental rights guaranteed to citizens, vis-à-vis their States, under national law is being called into question, or that competences are being surreptitiously conferred on the Union, despite the claims made by some critics that the Union could in this way impose economic and social policy guidelines on the Member States.
Listina zelo jasno potrjuje, da ne širi področja uporabe prava Skupnosti izven pristojnosti Unije, ji ne dodeljuje novih pristojnosti in nalog ter ne spreminja pristojnosti in nalog, dodeljenih Uniji v pogodbah (člen 52(2) listine).
The assertion in the Charter itself that it does not extend the field of application of Community law beyond the competences conferred on the Union, does not establish any new competence or task for the Union and does not modify the competences and tasks conferred on the Union in the Treaties (Article 52(2) of the Charter) is particularly clear on this subject.
Dejstvo, da listina ni več sestavni del pogodb, je medvladno konferenco iz leta 2007 pripeljalo do tega, da je skušala izpolniti zahteve najbolj upornih držav članic tako, da se jamstva ponovijo v tistem členu Pogodbe o Evropski uniji, ki priznava listino.
The fact that the Charter no longer forms an integral part of the Treaties led the 2007 IGC, in an effort to meet the demands of the most recalcitrant Member States, to repeat those guarantees in the same article of the TEU which recognises the Charter.
Vendar nekaterih držav tudi to ni prepričalo.
However, even this was not enough to convince certain Member States.
Tako je zaradi vztrajanja Združenega kraljestva, ki se mu je na koncu pridružila Poljska, medvladna konferenca dodala Protokol (št. 9) o uporabi Listine o temeljnih pravicah na Poljskem in v Združenem kraljestvu, v katerem je določeno, da listina ne širi pristojnosti Sodišča ali sodišč teh dveh držav „za razsojanje glede združljivosti zakonov in drugih predpisov, prakse ali upravnih ukrepov Poljske oziroma Združenega kraljestva s temeljnimi pravicami, svoboščinami in načeli iz Listine“.
Thus, at the insistence of the United Kingdom, supported late in the day by Poland, the IGC added a protocol (No 9) on the application of the Charter of Fundamental Rights to Poland and to the United Kingdom, which stipulates that the Charter does not extend the ability of the Court of Justice, or of any court or tribunal of Poland or the United Kingdom, 'to find that the laws, regulations or administrative provisions, practices or actions of Poland or of the United Kingdom are inconsistent with the fundamental rights, freedoms and principles that it reaffirms'.
Zlasti glede socialnih pravic (naslov VI listine), protokol določa, da listina ne ustvarja iztožljivih pravic v razmerju do Poljske oziroma do Združenega kraljestva, razen če sta državi sami predvideli takšne pravice v svoji nacionalni zakonodaji (kar je tudi splošno pravilo, ki velja za ta naslov listine).
With particular reference to social rights (Title IV of the Charter), the protocol specifies that the Charter does not create justiciable rights applicable to Poland or the United Kingdom except insofar as such rights are provided for in their respective national laws (which is, anyway, the general rule as regards this title of the Charter).
Določbe iz protokola tako večinoma zgolj ponavljajo načela, ki so bila določena že v listini.
Its provisions essentially repeat principles already laid down in the Charter.
Če to drži, lahko Evropski parlament le obžaluje, da utegneta dve državi prikrajšati svoje državljane za polno varstvo temeljnih pravic, ki so priznane v listini, dokumentu, ki se – to je treba poudariti – najprej obrača na institucije Unije, države članice pa zavezuje le, kadar izvajajo pravo Unije.
However, if that turns out to be the case, the EP can only regret the fact that the citizens of two Member States may be deprived, by those States, of the full protection of fundamental rights recognised by the Charter, a document which, it should be emphasised, is primarily addressed to the Union institutions and is binding on the Member States only when they act to implement Union law.
Spomnimo se, da pravice iz listine na splošno ustrezajo skupnemu nizu temeljnih pravic, ki jih je Unija že priznavala in ki so izhajale iz ustavnih tradicij držav članic ali Evropske konvencije o človekovih pravicah.
The rights set out in the Charter correspond, in general terms, to the common set of fundamental rights which the Union already recognised and which were drawn from the constitutional traditions of the Member States or the European Convention on Human Rights.
S spremenjeno Pogodbo o Evropski uniji je storjen še dodaten korak k varstvu temeljnih pravic na ravni Unije, saj predpisuje, da mora Unija pristopiti k Evropski konvenciji o človekovih pravicah (katere pogodbenice so vse države članice), kot to Evropski parlament že dolgo predlaga.
The amended TEU provides for a further step towards the protection of fundamental rights at Union level by stipulating that the Union will seek accession to the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (to which all the Member States are parties), as Parliament has long been proposing.
Za pristop bo potreben sporazum s Svetom Evrope.
This will entail an agreement with the Council of Europe.
Svet mora soglasno (medtem ko je ustava določala kvalificirano večino) sprejeti odločitev o sklenitvi tega sporazuma po odobritvi Evropskega parlamenta.
The decision to conclude that agreement will have to be adopted by the Council unanimously (as against the qualified majority provided for in the Constitution), after approval by Parliament.
Navedli bi lahko še druge vidike nove pogodbe, ki krepijo pravice državljanov do udeležbe v evropskem političnem procesu (kot so ljudska zakonodajna pobuda ali državljanska pobuda : člen 11(4) spremenjene Pogodbe o Evropski uniji) ali prispevajo k izboljšanju pravnega varstva njihovih pravic z lažjim dostopom do Sodišča.
Moreover, further aspects of the new Treaty could be cited which strengthen citizens’ rights of participation in the European political process (such as the people’s legislative initiative, or citizens’ initiative : Article 11(4) of the amended TEU) or which help to enhance the legal protection of their rights by facilitating access to the Court of Justice.
Parlament lahko zgolj izrazi zadovoljstvo zaradi teh izboljšav.
Parliament can only welcome these improvements.
Jasna in razumljiva razmejitev pristojnosti Unije:
A clear and readily understandable definition of the Union ’s competences
Eno najpomembnejših vprašanj, ki je bilo postavljeno že na začetku reformnega procesa in sega vse do lizbonske pogodbe, je, „kdo dela kaj“ v Evropi.
One of the most important questions which had been posed from the start of the reform process which culminated in the Treaty of Lisbon was that of ‘who does what’ in Europe.
Ta razjasnitev je nujno potrebna, da bi državljanom omogočili pravilno dojemanje političnih odgovornosti na evropski ravni.
Such clarification is essential if citizens are to grasp properly the allocation of political responsibilities at European level.
Prispevala bo k učinkovitejšemu delovanju Unije.
It will help to make Union action more effective.
Reformna pogodba v zvezi z razmejitvijo pristojnosti Unije, ki sama temelji na obstoječih pogodbah, v splošnem ohranja določbe iz ustave.
The reform Treaty broadly retains the provisions of the Constitution concerning the delimitation of the Union’s competences, which was itself based on that laid down in the existing Treaties.
Vendar je zaradi ohranitve dveh sedanjih spremenjenih pogodb prekinjena enotnost vsebinskega sklopa, ki je bil v delu I ustave pred poglavjem o pristojnostih Unije: načela, ki urejajo izvajanje pristojnosti Unije, so določena v splošnih določbah Pogodbe o Evropski uniji, različne vrste pristojnosti pa so navedene v Pogodbi o delovanju Evropske unije v naslovu I „Vrste in področja pristojnosti Unije“.
However, as a result of the retention of the two current Treaties in amended form, the conceptual unity of the chapter on Union competences in Part I of the Constitution has been lost: whilst the principles governing the exercise of its competences by the Union are set out in the general provisions of the TEU, the different types of competences are detailed in the TFEU, in its Title I dealing with ‘Categories and Areas of the Union’s Competences’.
Čeprav imata obe pogodbi enako pravno veljavnost, ta pristop gotovo škodi uresničevanju temeljnega cilja – zagotavljanja jasnosti državljanom.
Although the two Treaties have the same legal value, this approach necessarily runs counter to the objective of providing citizens with a clear text.
Nova pogodba opredeljuje pristojnosti Unije in jih deli v tri različne skupine z različnimi pravnimi statusi in stopnjami posredovanja Unije: izključne pristojnosti Unije, pristojnosti, ki si jih deli z državami članicami in podporni ali dopolnilni ukrepi k ukrepom držav članic.
The new Treaty defines the Union's competences, dividing them into three categories, each with a different legal status and each implying a different degree of Union intervention: the Union's exclusive competences; the competences it shares with the Member States; and action to support or complement that taken by the Member States.
Ta opredelitev pristojnosti Unije je skladna z osnovnim načelom dodeljevanja pristojnosti, kar pomeni, da ima Unija le pristojnosti, ki so ji jih države članice dodelile v pogodbah, da bi se dosegli v njih postavljeni cilji.
This definition of the Union's competences is consistent with the basic principle governing the allocation of competences, i.e. that the Union enjoys only those competences which have been conferred on it by the Member States in the Treaties with a view to achieving the objectives laid down in those documents.
To načelo samo po sebi preprečuje pojav kakršne koli centralizirane naddržave, ker pomeni, da imajo pristojnosti vedno države, razen če jih prenesejo na Unijo.
This principle is in itself sufficient to prevent the emergence of any kind of centralised superstate, since it implies that all competences rest with the States, except in those cases where they transfer them to the Union.
Lizbonska pogodba ne povečuje pristojnosti Unije: nekaj „novih“ pristojnosti, ki so natančneje določene, zadeva predvsem področja, na katerih je Unija že posredovala v skladu z obstoječimi členi, tudi s členom 308 Pogodbe o ES, vendar novo besedilo zanje ponuja natančno pravno podlago.
The Treaty of Lisbon does not increase the Union’s competences: the small number of ‘new’ competences laid down correspond essentially to areas in which the Union already took action under existing articles, or even Article 308 of the EC Treaty, and for which the new text establishes a precise legal basis.
Spremembe, uvedene v Pogodbo o delovanju Evropske unije, na splošno ustrezajo potrebi po prilagoditvi njenih določb novim postopkom odločanja in novim pravnim sredstvom (glej točko 7 spodaj).
The changes made in the TFEU essentially reflect the need to bring its provisions into line with the new decision-making procedures and the new legal instruments (see below, point 7).
Čeprav opredelitev teh načel v novi pogodbi ustreza opredelitvi v veljavnih pogodbah, protokol o načelih subsidiarnosti in sorazmernosti predvideva nove mehanizme za zagotavljanje spoštovanja teh načel, zlasti z občutno krepitvijo vloge nacionalnih parlamentov.
Although the definition of these principles set out by the new Treaty corresponds to that already employed in the Treaties in force, the protocol on the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality provides for new mechanisms to guarantee compliance with those principles, in particular by substantially strengthening the role of the national parliaments.
Parlamenti pridobijo zlasti pravico do pravočasne obveščenosti o vseh zakonodajnih predlogih Komisije, ki morajo biti utemeljeni z vidika subsidiarnosti in sorazmernosti.
Above all, the latter gain the right to be informed in good time of all Commission legislative proposals, which must be duly substantiated as regards compliance with the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality.
Zato lahko bolje izvajajo pravice, ki jih imajo na nacionalni ravni, zlasti pa se poveča njihova možnost vplivati na dejavnosti njihove vlade na ravni Sveta ministrov.
This provision will enable the national parliaments to exercise more effectively the rights they enjoy at national level and will, in particular, enhance their ability to influence the actions of their governments in the Council of Ministers.
Glede na protokol, priložen pogodbi
Moreover, as regards the subsidiarity principle in particular, in accordance with a protocol annexed to the Treaty