natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
A. ker je za EU značilen policentričen razvoj s številnimi različno velikimi mestnimi območji in mesti s heterogenimi pristojnostmi in viri; ker meni, da bi bilo vprašljivo zgolj na podlagi statističnih podatkov sprejeti skupno opredelitev „mestnega območja“ in izraza „mestni“ na splošno, saj je raznolikost razmer v državah članicah in regijah težko zaobjeti v enem samem izrazu, in ker meni, da je treba skladno z načelom subsidiarnosti in na podlagi skupnih evropskih kazalnikov vsakršno obvezno opredeljevanje in določanje mestnih območij prepustiti državam članicam; ker bi bilo treba preučiti, kako bi lahko s pomočjo funkcionalnega pristopa oblikovali enotno opredelitev pojma „mestni“ in tako vzpostavili podlago za jasno zakonsko opredelitev mestne razsežnosti politike EU; ker bi bila zlasti v okviru kohezijske politike koristna opredelitev mestne razsežnosti na funkcionalni podlagi,
A. whereas the EU can be characterised by its polycentric development and variety of different-sized urban areas and cities, which have heterogenic competences and resources; expresses the view that it would be problematic to adopt a common definition of "urban areas" and of the term ‘urban’ in general, purely on a statistical basis, as it is difficult to bring under the same umbrella the diversity of situations in Member States and regions, and hence takes the view that any obligatory definition and designation of urban areas should be left to Member States, in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity, based on European common indicators; whereas a look should be taken into how a functional approach can lead to a standard definition of "urban" and thus create the basis for a clear statutory definition of the urban dimension of Union policies; and whereas it would be useful, especially in the context of the Cohesion Policy, to have a functionally based definition of the urban dimension,
B. ker EU s svojimi politikami prispeva k trajnostnemu razvoju mestnih območij in ker je treba upoštevati, da je treba v skladu z načelom subsidiarnosti poleg nacionalnih mestnih politik opredeliti tudi evropsko mestno politiko,
B. whereas the EU contributes through its policies to the sustainable development of urban areas, and whereas it should be borne in mind that, in addition to national urban policies under the principle of subsidiarity, a European urban policy should be defined,
C. ker mesta dejavno prispevajo k oblikovanju politik EU ter igrajo pomembno vlogo pri uspešnem izvajanju strategije Evropa 2020 in ker bi neupoštevanje mestne razsežnosti politik EU, zlasti kohezijske politike, ogrozilo doseganje ciljev Evropa 2020,
C. whereas cities contribute actively to the formulation of EU policies and play an important role in the successful implementation of the EU2020 Strategy; and whereas failing to take into account the urban dimension of EU policies, and especially that of cohesion policy, would jeopardise the achievement of the EU2020 goals,
D. ker imajo mesta edinstven arhitekturni in kulturni potencial ter veliko sposobnost za socialno vključevanje in ker prispevajo k socialnemu ravnotežju z ohranjanjem kulturne raznovrstnosti in stalne povezanosti med središčem in predmestji,
D. whereas cities possess unique architectural and cultural potential, as well as considerable powers of social integration, and whereas they contribute to the social balance by preserving cultural diversity and maintaining a permanent link between the centre and outlying areas,
E. ker so bili na podlagi izkušenj iz pobud URBAN ukrepi za razvoj mest vključeni v zakonodajni okvir za cilje konvergence ter regionalne konkurenčnosti in zaposlovanja v programskem obdobju 2007-2013; ker so se sredstva, ki jih imajo mesta na razpolago, zaradi vključevanja te razsežnosti v izvajane politike očitno povečala; ker bi bilo treba v operativnih programih določiti jasno opredeljene cilje razvoja mest, da bi tako bolje usmerjali sredstva,
E. whereas, building on the experience of the URBAN initiatives, urban actions have been integrated (‘mainstreamed’) into the regulatory framework for the Convergence and Regional competitiveness and employment objectives in the 2007-2013 programming period; whereas this mainstreaming has clearly expanded the funding available for cities; whereas clearly defined urban development objectives should be identified within the operational programmes to help concentrate resources,
F. ker subsidiarnost v svoji okrepljeni in razširjeni obliki, ki jo določa PDEU, pa tudi upravljanje na več ravneh ter bolje opredeljeno načelo partnerstva predstavljajo bistvene elemente za pravilno izvajanje vseh politik EU in ker je treba temu primerno okrepiti tudi vključevanje virov ter pristojnosti lokalnih in regionalnih oblasti,
F. whereas subsidiarity in its strengthened and widened form, as defined in the TFEU, as well as multi-level governance and a better-defined partnership principle, are essential elements for the correct implementation of all EU policies, and whereas engagement of the resources and competences of local and regional authorities should be reinforced accordingly,
G. ker je gospodarska kriza v zadnjih nekaj letih povečala razlike in socialno izključenost v obsežnih območjih na obrobju velemest; ker morajo imeti lokalni organi zaradi krize možnosti za izvajanje praktičnih ukrepov za boj proti revščini ter za podporo socialni koheziji in zaposlovanju,
G. whereas the economic crisis of the last few years has heightened disparities and social exclusion in vast peripheral metropolitan areas; whereas, in the face of the crisis, local authorities must be in a position to implement practical measures to combat poverty and support social cohesion and employment,
H. ker se je politika razvojnih polov, ki je temeljila na spodbujanju gospodarske dejavnosti v mestih, večkrat izkazala za neuspešno pri ustvarjanju zadostnih spodbud, zaradi česar je imela omejen učinek na okoliška območja in ni prispevala k celovitemu razvoju,
H. whereas a policy of development poles based on stimulating economic activity in the cities has on many occasions failed to generate sufficient pull and has therefore had a limited impact on the surrounding area and has not contributed to integrated development,
I. ker lahko v manjšem številu mestnih okrožij, ne glede na bogastvo ali gospodarsko moč samega mesta, še vedno obstajajo posebne težave, kot so izjemna družbena neenakost, revščina, socialna izključenost in visoka stopnja brezposelnosti, ki jih je s podporo iz kohezijske politike mogoče ublažiti ali odpraviti,
I. whereas in a very few districts of cities, regardless of their wealth or economic strength, there may be specific problems such as extreme social inequality, poverty, marginalisation and high unemployment which cohesion policy support can alleviate or eliminate,
J. ker poenostavitve pri izvajanju politik, vključno z mehanizmi za nadzor in revizijo, prispevajo k večji učinkovitosti, zmanjšanju pogostost napak, spreminjanju strukturo politike tako, da je ta bolj prijazna do uporabnika, in povečanju njene prepoznavnosti; ker si je treba za poenostavitev prizadevati tudi v prihodnje ter to prizadevanje pospremiti s poenostavitvami nacionalnih in regionalnih postopkov, tako da se bodo predstavniki mestnih območij lažje znašli in bolje izkoriščali evropska sredstva,
J. whereas simplification of policy implementation, including that of control and auditing mechanisms, helps improve efficiency, reduce error rates, make the policy architecture more user-friendly and increase visibility; and whereas simplification efforts should continue and be accompanied by the simplification of national and regional procedures so that representatives of urban areas can better orient and manage the utilisation of European funds,
Okvir mestne razsežnosti
Context of the Urban Dimension
3. poudarja, da imajo poleg ukrepov kohezijske politike, ki veliko prispevajo k razvoju mestnih območij, močan vpliv na mestni razvoj tudi številne druge politike (kot so okoljska, prometna in energetska) in programi EU; poudarja, da je treba bolje razumeti teritorialni vpliv politik, in poziva h krepitvi mestne agende v politikah EU; znova poziva Komisijo, naj oceni teritorialni vpliv sektorskih politik ter razširi obstoječe mehanizme za oceno učinka; v zvezi s tem pozdravlja zamisli, orisane v petem poročilu o ekonomski, socialni in teritorialni koheziji, in delo, opravljeno v Evropskem omrežju za opazovanje prostorskega razvoja (ESPON);
Highlights the fact that, further to the significant contribution of cohesion policy interventions to the development of urban areas, a range of other EU policies (such as environment, transport and energy) and programmes have a strong impact on urban development; stresses the need for a better understanding of the territorial impact of policies and calls for the Urban Agenda in EU policies to be enhanced; reiterates its call on the Commission to proceed with a territorial impact assessment of sectoral policies, and to extend the existing impact assessment mechanisms; welcomes in this context the ideas outlined in the fifth report on economic, social and territorial cohesion and the work carried out by ESPON;
5. opozarja, da velja za mestni prevoz načelo subsidiarnosti; vendar poudarja, da bi sodelovanje, usklajevanje in evropsko financiranje lokalnim oblastem omogočilo soočanje z izzivi, zlasti v zvezi s prometom;
Points out that urban transport services are covered by the subsidiarity principle; emphasises, nevertheless, that European cooperation, coordination and funding would enable local authorities to meet the challenges they are facing, particularly in relation to transport;
10. poudarja pomembnost kohezijske politike za spodbujanje socialnih inovacij na mestnih območjih in zlasti v prikrajšanih soseskah, da bi spodbujali notranjo kohezijo in človeški kapital z vključujočim postopkom sodelovanja, najsibo na področju izobraževanja in usposabljanja (zlasti za mladino), dostopa do mikrokreditov ali spodbujanja socialne ekonomije;
Stresses the relevance of cohesion policy to promoting social innovation in urban areas, particularly in disadvantaged neighbourhoods, with a view to enhancing internal cohesion and human capital by means of an inclusive and participatory approach, whether in terms of training and education (particularly for young people), access to micro-credits or promotion of the social economy;
Upravljanje na več ravneh in načelo partnerstva
Multi-level Governance and Partnership Principle
13. meni, da je treba okrepiti povezavo med lokalnimi akcijskimi načrti in glavnimi regionalnimi/nacionalnimi programi; podpira predlog Komisije za okrepitev vloge lokalnega pristopa k razvoju znotraj kohezijske politike s pomočjo podpornih skupin in akcijskih načrtov vrste „Leader“;
Believes that the link between local action plans and regional/national mainstream programmes should be strengthened; supports the Commission’s proposal to reinforce the position of the local development approach in cohesion policy through ‘Leader’ type support groups and action plans;
15. poudarja pozitivno vlogo, ki jo imajo čezmejno in nadnacionalno sodelovanje ter pobuda URBACT pri mrežnem povezovanju mest, izmenjavi najboljše prakse in oblikovanju inovativnih rešitev; ugotavlja, da je sodelovanje med evropskimi mesti povsem v skladu s 3. ciljem (evropsko teritorialno sodelovanje); meni, da je treba v obdobju 2014–2020 okrepiti mestno razsežnost cilja o evropskem teritorialnem sodelovanju; spodbuja vključevanje mest v mreže medregijskega in čezmejnega sodelovanja; meni, da je treba podprte mreže povezati z dejanskimi razvojnimi projekti, in poziva Komisijo, naj okrepi platforme, ki omogočajo eksperimentalni pristop k obnovi in razvoju mest; meni, da bi bilo lahko preskušanje koristno zlasti v okviru Evropskega socialnega sklada, v katerem bi lahko celostna teritorialna strategija dopolnila pristop po kategorijah prebivalstva;
Stresses the positive role that cross-border cooperation, transnational cooperation and URBACT initiative play in networking of cities, sharing best practice and generating innovative solutions; notes that cooperation between European cities is fully in line with Objective 3 ( European territorial cooperation); considers that, during the period 2014- 2020, the urban dimension of the European territorial cooperation objective should be enhanced; encourages the involvement of cities in inter-regional and cross-border cooperation networks; believes that supported networks should be linked to real development projects and calls on the Commission to enhance the platforms to allow of an experimental approach to urban regeneration and development; believes that experimentation could be useful in the context of the ESF in particular, where an overall territorial strategy could complement an approach aimed at specific population groups;
Nadaljnji prenos odgovornosti
Sub-delegation of responsibilities
20. opozarja, da je treba glede na velike razlike v obsegu in stopnji urbanizacije znotraj EU, predvsem v regijah, ki so pretežno podeželske in kjer je le malo mestnih območij, delež virov, dodeljenih ukrepom za razvoj mest, tako kot v primeru splošne vsebine in prednostnih nalog operativnih programov, prepustiti presoji oblikovalcev programov, ki delujejo v imenu zadevne regije;
Cautions that, as the scale and predominance of urbanisation differs greatly across the EU, particularly where a region is predominantly rural and weakly urbanised, the share of resources attributed to urban actions, as with the general content and priorities of Operational Programmes, must be left to the discretion of programme designers operating on behalf of the region in question;
Celovito strateško načrtovanje
Integrated strategic planning
24. pozdravlja zamisel Komisije o prihodnjem skupnem strateškem okviru, kakor je opredeljen v sklepih petega kohezijskega poročila, ki bi lahko povečal sinergije med skladi, predvsem za boljši razmislek o povezavah med mestnimi območji ter podeželskimi in primestnimi območji; poudarja evropsko dodano vrednost horizontalnega in celostnega pristopa h kohezijski politiki in v zvezi s tem spodbuja več sinergij z energetsko, okoljsko in prometno politiko, ki bi bile še pomembnejše na mestnih in primestnih območjih, kjer so izzivi na tem področju veliki;
Welcomes the Commission’s idea on the future Common Strategic Framework as outlined in the Conclusions of the 5th Cohesion Report, which has the potential to boost synergies between the funds, particularly with a view to rethinking links between urban areas and rural and peri-urban areas; stresses the European added value of the horizontal and integrated approach to the cohesion policy and, to that end, encourages further synergies with energy, environment and transport policies, which would be particularly helpful to urban and peri-urban areas, where major challenges exist in this connection;
Celovito finančno načrtovanje
Comprehensive financial planning
27. v zvezi s tem zagovarja celovito finančno načrtovanje na lokalni ravni, ki predstavlja neodtujljiv del celovitega načrtovanja razvoja, ter v skladu s konceptom usmerjenosti k rezultatom poziva vse uporabnike javnih virov, naj si prizadevajo za izpolnjevanje načela „denar za projekte namesto projektov za denar“;
Advocates in this context comprehensive financial planning at local level as an indivisible component of integrated development planning, and calls on each user of public resources, in line with the concept of result orientation, to sign up strictly to the ‘money for projects, instead of projects for money’ principle;
29. meni, da je dinamiko mestnih območij mogoče spodbuditi z dejanskimi sinergijami med različnimi evropskimi instrumenti financiranja, zlasti kar zadeva raziskave in inovacije;
Believes that the dynamism of urban areas can be stimulated by effective synergies between the various European funding instruments, particularly as regards research and innovation;
31. meni, da lahko zlasti pobuda Jessica doseže največji učinek, kadar se izvaja na ravni mest, ter z obžalovanjem ugotavlja, da skušajo nekatere države članice centralizirati njeno izvajanje;
Believes that the 'Jessica' initiative in particular can achieve its greatest effectiveness when implemented at the level of cities, and observes with regret, therefore, that some Member States tend to centralise its implementation;
Cilji in vsebina poročila
The goals and substance of the report
Namen tega poročila je spremljanje predhodnega poročila o mestni razsežnosti kohezijske politike v novem programskem obdobju in obravnavati zadnje dogodke v okviru evropske mestne agende.
The purpose of this report is to follow up the previous 'Urban dimension of cohesion policy in the new programming period' report while reflecting the latest developments of the European Urban Agenda.
Od leta 2009 naprej je bilo v razvoju te zadeve precej novosti, v prihodnjih tednih pa je pričakovati še nove.
Since 2009, there have been several new inputs into the evolution of this issue and others are expected in the weeks to come.
Poročilo obravnava številne vidike mestne razsežnosti kohezijske politike, ki so ključni po mnenju Odbora za regionalni razvoj oziroma predstavljajo izziv za prihodnjo kohezijsko politiko, ki mora postati ustrezno ovrednotena in učinkovita politika za vsa mesta EU.
The report covers several aspects of the Urban dimension of Cohesion Policy that the Committee on Regional Development identifies as crucial or challenging for the future Cohesion Policy which is to become a fully-valued and effective policy towards the EU cities.
Vprašanje opredelitve
Definition issues
V Evropski uniji živi samo 7 % ljudi v mestih z več kot 5 milijoni prebivalcev, v primerjavi s 25 % v Združenih državah Amerike.
In the European Union, only 7% of people live in cities of over 5 million as against 25% in the United States of America.
Komisija Evropskih skupnosti, Zelena knjiga o teritorialni koheziji: teritorialna raznolikost kot prednost, Bruselj, 2008.
Commission of the European Communities, Green Paper on Territorial Cohesion: Turning territorial diversity into strength, Brussels, 2008.
Poročilo o stanju evropskih mest: dodajanje vrednosti evropskemu projektu Urban Audit, 2007, dostopno na: http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/studies/pdf/urban/stateofcities_2007.pdf je bila najvišja stopnja rasti mestnega prebivalstva zabeležena v Španiji, kjer se je v nekaterih mestnih območjih število prebivalcev letno povečalo za dva odstotka ali več.
State of European Cities Report: Adding Value to the European Urban Audit, 2007 available at http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/studies/pdf/urban/stateofcities_2007.pdf the strongest urban population growth rates were recorded in Spain, where some urban areas saw average annual increases of 2 percent or more.
Bilo je že več poskusov za dosego enotnega dojemanja pojma „mestni“; obstajajo opredelitve OZN
Many attempts have been made to establish a common understanding of ‘urban’, there are definitions by the UN
Te segajo od „osrednjega“ mesta prek večjih mestnih območij, „jedra“ pri devetih prestolnicah, kjer ni primerljivih prostorskih enot za pojem administrativnega mesta, do podmestnih okrožij.
These vary from the central or "core" city, through the larger urban zones (LUZ), the "Kernel" for nine capital cities where the concept of the administrative city did not yield comparative spatial units and finally subcity districts (SCD).
Čeprav je opredelitev Eurostata popolnoma uporabna za statistične namene, se glede na obstoječe razlike in različne pristope zdi težko, da bi v okviru kohezijske politike oblikovali skupno in jasno opredelitev pojma „mestni“, zato bi morali to v skladu z načelom subsidiarnosti prepustiti državam članicam.
Although Eurostat definition is fully applicable for statistical purposes, keeping in mind the existing differences and various approaches it seems to be very difficult to establish a common, clear definition of ‘urban’ in the framework of cohesion policy and hence the definition issue should be left to Member states in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity.
Zgodovinski razvoj
Historical evolution
V preteklosti je bila mestna razsežnost ob boku najobsežnejših strukturnih dejavnosti.
Historically the urban dimension was standing alongside the main volume of structural operations.
Od leta 1990 so se izvajali urbanistični pilotni projekti.
Since the 1990 there have been Urban Pilot Projects.
Če tega ne bi storile, bi si pokvarile načrte, da postanejo dinamičen akter v prizadevanjih Unije za dosego njenih ciljev, saj so mesta in mestna območja zelo pomembna za evropsko gospodarstvo.
However, given the importance of cities and urban agglomerations in the European economic fabric, not to do so would largely defeat any plans they may have had to be a dynamic player in the Union's efforts to achieve its goals.
Podpira pripravo večjih projektov. in JESSICA
Supports the preparation of major projects and JESSICA
Pri instrumentu Jessica (skupna evropska podpora za trajnostne naložbe v mestna območja) je največja pozornost namenjena razvoju mest.
JESSICA (The Joint European Support for Sustainable Investment in City Areas) represents the greatest interest for urban development.
Ozadje zadeve
Background of the subject
V skladu s statističnimi podatki Evropske komisije
According to the European Commission statistics
http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/statistics/2007_urban.pdf je bilo za obdobje 2007–2013 zagotovljenih približno 21,1 milijarde EUR za razvoj mestnih območij, kar predstavlja 6,1 % proračuna za kohezijsko politiko EU.
http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/themes/statistics/2007_urban.pdf some €21.1 billion has been earmarked for urban development between 2007 and 2013, representing 6.1% of the total EU cohesion policy budget.
Od tega zneska je 3,4 milijarde EUR namenjenih za sanacijo industrijskih con in onesnaženih zemljišč, 9,8 milijarde EUR projektom obnove mest in podeželja, 7 milijard EUR za čist mestni prevoz ter 917 milijonov EUR za stanovanja.
Of this, €3.4 billion is targeted at the rehabilitation of industrial sites and contaminated land areas, €9.8 billion for urban and rural regeneration projects, €7 billion for clean urban transport, and €917 million for housing.
Tudi druge naložbe v infrastrukturo, raziskave in inovacije, promet, okolje, izobraževanje, zdravstvo in kulturo imajo velik vpliv na mesta.
Other investment in infrastructure in research and innovation, transport, the environment, education, health and culture also have a significant impact in cities.
Preglednica: Sredstva za razvoj mestnih območij za obdobje 2007–2013
Chart: Allocations for Urban Development between 2007 and 2013
Vir: DG REGIO SFC2007
Source: DG REGIO SFC2007
Okvir zadeve
Context of the subject
Glavni namen okrepljene mestne agende naj bi bila pomoč za razvoj in posodabljanje kakovosti infrastrukture in storitev v evropskih mestih.
The main purpose of the enhanced Urban Agenda should be to serve the development and qualitative updating of the infrastructure and services in European cities.
Po eni strani morajo biti prihodnji ukrepi tesno povezani s splošnimi prednostnimi nalogami EU, da upravičijo prispevek iz proračuna EU.
On one hand, the future measures must be closely connected with overall EU priorities to justify the contribution of EU budget.
Strategija EU 2020 pa v glavnem obravnava prihodnja gibanja.
The EU2020 Strategy mainly concerns trends to the future though.
Prav tako pomembna je premostitev sedanjih razlik med evropskimi mesti, zato bi jo morale vsebovati prednostne naloge prihodnje kohezijske politike.
Overcoming the current disparities among European cities is of equal importance and should be reflected in the priorities of future Cohesion Policy.
Ob upoštevanju izkušenj lizbonske strategije, razvoj mestne agende ne sme biti enosmeren proces, ampak mora imeti svojo celovito razsežnost od spodaj navzgor.
Having in mind the experience of the Lisbon Strategy, the evolution of the Urban Agenda must not be a one-way process, it must have its comprehensive bottom-up dimension.
Zato je ključnega pomena, da mesta izrazijo svoje mnenje, ki mu je treba na ravni EU pozorno prisluhniti.
Therefore it is crucial that the cities have their say that is heard carefully at EU level.