natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Februarja 2002 je postala opazovalka GPA, januarja 2003 je sprejela nov zakon o vladnih naročilih, decembra 2007 pa je predložila začetno ponudbo za dostop do trga javnih naročil, ki je bila daleč pod pričakovanji.
Becoming an observer to the GPA in February 2002 and adopting a new Law on Government Procurement in January 2003, China submitted an initial offer on market access to public contracts in December 2007, which fell far below expectations.
V okviru pogajanj za posodobitev sporazuma o trgovinskem in gospodarskem sodelovanju med EU in Kitajsko iz leta 1985 sta se partnerici dogovorili, da nadaljujeta z razpravami na temo javnih naročil.
In the context of the negotiations to upgrade the EU-China 1985 Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement, the EU and China have agreed to continue discussions on public procurement matters.
Opozoriti je treba, da je evropski trg javnih naročil sedaj vreden okoli 1.900 milijard EUR in je že široko odprt kitajskim podjetjem.
However, it ought to be borne in mind that the public procurement market in Europe, currently worth some €1900 bn, is already largely open to Chinese companies.
Obveznost Kitajske je torej, da stori vse potrebno in zagotovi: prvič, da se obstoječa zakonodaja pravično in pregledno izvaja in uveljavlja, in drugič, da se ta pogajanja zaključijo tako, da bodo zagotovila enake konkurenčne pogoje za obe strani.
It is therefore incumbent upon China to make the necessary efforts in this regard in order to ensure firstly that the existing legislation is fairly and transparently applied and enforced and, secondly, that these negotiations are concluded in such a way as to ensure a level playing field for both sides.
Prisotnost EU in pomoč, zlasti malim in srednjim podjetjem
EU presence and assistance , esp ecially . to SME's
Pomembno je, da so lahko mala in srednja podjetja gonilna sila inovacij in gospodarskega razvoja ter fizične prisotnosti na trgu in tako zagotavljajo pomoč in spodbujajo sodelovanje.
SMEs can be seen as the motors of innovation and economic development and physical presence in the market place in order to provide assistance and to promote cooperation is therefore highly important.
Pri opravljanju poslov na Kitajskem se soočajo z enakimi izzivi kot večja podjetja, le da so zaradi svoje velikosti pogosto manj opremljena za to.
SMEs face the same challenges in doing business in China as larger companies, but due to their size are often less equipped to deal with them.
Komisija je leta 2008 na Kitajskem ustanovila službo za pomoč malim in srednjim podjetjem EU pri varovanju in krepitvi pravic njihove intelektualne lastnine na Kitajskem.
The Commission established, in 2008, a China IRP/SME Helpdesk to assist EU SMEs in protecting and enforcing their IPR in China.
Pomembno je nadaljevanje, razvoj in krepitev takšne pomoči, da lahko mala in srednja podjetja na Kitajskem širijo svojo dejavnost.
The continuation, development and strengthening of this kind of help is essential if European SMEs are to expand their activities in China.
Uvedeni so bili razni programi tehnične pomoči EU za podporo nadaljnjemu vključevanju Kitajske v svetovno gospodarstvo za pomoč njeni vladi pri izvajanju obveznosti in zavezanosti STO ter povečanju njene zmogljivosti v procesu širše gospodarske, zakonske, pravne in upravne reforme, potrebne za nadaljnjo liberalizacijo trgovine.
Various EU technical assistance programmes have been put in place to support the further integration of China into the world economy, to assist the Chinese Government in implementing its obligations and commitments within the WTO and to increase the capacity of China in the process of wider economic, regulatory, legal and administrative reform necessary for further trade liberalisation.
Prosta in pravična trgovina
Free and fair trade
Protidampinška prizadevanja in status tržnega gospodarstva
Anti dumping / Market Economy Status (MES)
Poročevalka je zaskrbljena zaradi števila protidampinških tožb, vloženih proti kitajskim proizvajalcem.
Your rapporteur is concerned about the number of anti-dumping cases against Chinese producers.
Ukrepi trgovinske zaščite so instrument za zagotavljanje pravičnih pogojev trgovine med Kitajsko in EU, vendar si mora Komisija prizadevati za reševanje trgovinskih sporov z dialogom.
Trade defence measures are an instrument to ensure fair conditions of trade between China and the EU, but the Commission should seek to resolve trade disputes through dialogue.
Kitajski zahtevek za pridobitev statusa tržnega gospodarstva sega v leto 2003.
China's request for market economy status (MES) dates back to 2003.
Junija 2004 je bila opravljena prva predhodna ocena, po kateri je bilo zadovoljivo le drugo od petih meril (1. državni vpliv pri poslovnih odločitvah, 2. „prenos“ iz starega sistema, privatizacija, 3. računovodski standardi in upravljanje podjetij, 4. stečajni postopki in lastninske pravice, 5. finančni sektor).
In June 2004 the first preliminary assessment was prepared and they were then granted the second out of the 5 criteria ( 1. state influence in business decisions, 2. "carry over" from the old system, privatisation 3. accounting/corporate governance, 4. bankruptcy/property rights, 5. financial sector ).
Poročevalka je prepričana, da kitajsko gospodarstvo na številnih področjih še vedno ne izpolnjuje meril, po katerih bi se lahko štelo za tržno gospodarstvo, zato meni, da se mora Komisija dogovoriti o dodelitvi statusa tržnega gospodarstva Kitajski takrat, ko bo izpolnjevala merila;
Your rapporteur believes that in many areas China's economy still does not fulfil the criteria by which it could be considered a market economy and considers, therefore, that the Commission should agree to the granting of MES only when China has fulfilled the required criteria.
Pravice intelektualne lastnine in ponarejanje
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) and Counterfeiting
Kitajska je v zadnjih letih dosegla pomemben napredek pri reviziji svoje zakonodaje o pravicah intelektualne lastnine.
Over recent years, China has made considerable progress to revise its legislation on IPR.
Kljub temu pa visoka raven ponarejanja in piratstva na njenem ozemlju ter izvoz kažejo, da je potrebno storiti več za zagotavljanje popolne skladnosti s sporazumom STO o trgovinskih vidikih pravic intelektualne lastnine (TRIP).
However, the alarming levels of counterfeiting and piracy both on its territory and in exports demonstrate that more efforts are needed to ensure full compliance with the WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs).
To je pomembno za verodostojnost Kitajske kot ključnega trgovinskega partnerja.
This is important for China’s credibility as a key trade partner.
Po anketi o zaupanju podjetnikov EUCCC, ki je bila opravljena 2007, je med največjimi ovirami za opravljanje poslov na Kitajskem na drugem mestu prav varstvo pravic intelektualne lastnine.
Indeed, according the EUCCC Business Confidence Survey carried out in 2007, IPR protection ranks second-highest on the list of major obstacles to doing business in China.
Le 12 % vprašanih je izjavilo, da jih pravice intelektualne lastnine ne zadevajo.
Only 12% of respondents stated that IPR was not an issue for them.
Kazenski pregon je nedosleden zaradi več razlogov, vključno z zapletenostjo upravnih struktur in postopkov, pomanjkanjem specializiranega osebja, nizkim odvračilnim učinkom sankcij in lokalnim protekcionizmom.
Law enforcement appears to be inconsistent for several reasons, including the complexity of the administrative structure and procedures, the lack of specialised staff, the low deterrence of sanctions and local protectionism.
Vendar pa se kitajska vlada vedno bolj odziva na pozive k reformi, zlasti v zvezi s kazenskim pregonom ponarejanja z zniževanjem praga za začetek kazenskih postopkov.
Nevertheless, the Chinese Government has become increasingly responsive to calls for reform, particularly in relation to criminal enforcement against counterfeiting by lowering the thresholds for criminal prosecution.
Kitajski carinski predpisi so tudi bili revidirani, da bi okrepili njihovo uporabo na mejah in olajšali posredovanje postopkov sodiščem.
China’s customs regulations have also been revised, in order to strengthen border enforcement and make it easier to transfer cases to the courts.
Obseg težav, tako po številu primerov kot področij, pa se kljub temu stalno povečuje.
Still, the scale and scope of the problem continue to grow.
Z vprašanjem varovanja pravic intelektualne lastnine je povezanih več sorodnih zadev.
Many associated issues surround the question of IPR protection.
Podjetja EU se dejavno spodbuja, da pripeljejo novo tehnologijo na Kitajsko, vendar se izvoz vseh prihodnjih gibanj dosledno nadzira.
EU companies are actively encouraged to bring new technology into China, but the export of any future developments is strictly regulated.
Usklajevanje s temi predpisi je zamudno, zapleteno in drago.
Compliance with these regulations is time consuming, complex and costly.
Proizvodne zmogljivosti za ponarejeno in piratsko blago pogosto ne upoštevajo pravic delavcev ter zdravstvenih in varnostnih zahtev in predstavljajo nevarnost za potrošnika ter v primeru kemikalij širši okolici.
Production facilities for counterfeit and pirated goods frequently disregard both labour rights and health and safety requirements, and pose danger to consumers and, in the case of chemicals, to the wider environment.
Vprašanja pravic intelektualne lastnine so bila v ospredju razprav v okviru mehanizma na visoki ravni 25. aprila 2008, medtem ko sta generalni direktorat za trgovino in kitajsko ministrstvo za trgovino (MOFCOM) sklenila, da bosta imela vsaj enkrat letno dialog o vseobsegajočih vprašanjih pravic intelektualne lastnine.
IPR issues were in the heart of the discussions of the High Level Mechanism on 25 April 2008, while DG Trade and the Chinese Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) have agreed to hold, at least once a year, an “IP Dialogue” on all-encompassing IPR issues.
To je nedvomno resna zadeva, ki vpliva na konkurenčnost EU in je tudi problem Kitajske, ki ga je treba rešiti, če Kitajska želi še naprej imeti koristi od prenosa tehnologije iz Evrope.
This is undoubtedly a serious matter affecting EU competitiveness; it is, however, also a Chinese problem that must be resolved if China wishes to continue to benefit from a transfer of technology from Europe.
Tekstilni izdelki in obutev
Textiles and Footwear
EU je s Kitajsko leta 2005 sklenila memorandum o soglasju, ki je omejil izvoz tekstila v EU do 31. decembra 2007.
In 2005, the EU concluded a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with China that limited its textile exports to the EU until 31 December 2007.
Druge države so sklenile podobne sporazume ali so sprejele razne zaščitne ukrepe.
Other countries concluded similar agreements or took various safeguard measures.
Vseeno se je leta 2007 obseg uvoza iz Kitajske v primerjavi z letom 2006 povečal za 25 % pri tekstilu in za 13 % pri oblačilih.
Nonetheless, in 2007, the volume of EU imports from China increased by 25 % for textiles and 13 % for clothing compared to 2006.
Podobnim trendom smo priča tudi v obutvenem sektorju.
Similar trends were witnessed in the footwear sector.
Septembra 2007 sta EU in Kitajska sklenili, da bosta izvajali sistem dvojnega nadzora za najpomembnejše vrste tekstila, da bi zagotovili skupno odgovornost za spremljanje trgovine in olajšali prehod na liberaliziran sistem po koncu omejitev memoranduma o soglasju.
In September 2007, the EU and China decided to apply a double-checking surveillance system to the most important textile categories in order to ensure a shared responsibility for monitoring trade and to facilitate the transition to a liberalised system following the end of the MoU limitations.
Kaže, da to dobro deluje in da je mehanizem dvojnega nadzora uvoza kitajskega tekstila bolj zaželen za kvote, vendar pa ta ne sme voditi do stalne ovire prosti trgovini;
This seems to be working reasonably well and a double-monitoring mechanism is preferable to quotas, however this should not lead to an ongoing barrier to free trade.
Socialni in okoljski vplivi
Social and Environmental Impacts
Kitajska se je od sedemdesetih let popolnoma spremenila, vendar še vedno predstavlja več držav v eni.
China has been completely transformed since the 1970s, yet China remains composed several countries in one.
Milijoni ljudi so imeli koristi od nove blaginje, vendar se dohodkovna neenakost še naprej povečuje in številni, zlasti podeželsko prebivalstvo, še naprej živijo v skrajni revščini.
Millions have benefited from the new prosperity, but income inequality continues to rise and many, particularly the rural population, continue to live in extreme poverty.
Tako hiter razvoj je neizogibno zahteval svoj davek v okolju.
Such rapid development has of course inevitably taken its toll on the environment.
Kitajska mora sedaj vlagati v energetsko učinkovitost in trajnostno čisto tehnologijo, to je proces, v katerem ji lahko veliko pomaga prenos tujega znanja in izkušenj.
China now needs to invest in energy efficiency and sustainable clean technology, a process that could be greatly assisted by the transfer of foreign know-how.
Drugo področje, ki povzroča skrb, je ugotovljeno kršenje pravic delavcev na Kitajskem s številnimi navedbami o prisilnem delu, otroškem delu, diskriminaciji žensk in podeželskih delavcev ter pritožb zaradi pomanjkanja svobode združevanja.
Another area of concern has been reports of violation of workers' rights in China, with numerous allegations of forced labour, child labour, discrimination against women and rural workers and complaints regarding the lack of freedom of association.
Poročevalka poziva Kitajsko, naj ratificira ključne konvencije Mednarodne organizacije dela, povezane s svobodo združevanja in pravico do organiziranja ter dejavnega boja proti vsem oblikam izkoriščanja na delovnem mestu, zlasti z ozirom na delo žensk in otrok.
Your rapporteur would urge China to ratify the key ILO Conventions relating to the freedom of association and on the right to organise and to actively combat all forms of exploitation at work, particularly with regard to female workers and children.
Nenazadnje mora Kitajska storiti več za zagotavljanje varnosti proizvodov.
Finally, China needs to do more to ensure product safety.
Nedavni dobro dokumentirani primeri nevarnih proizvodov, zlasti tistih, ki so vključevali otroške igrače, so povzročili v Evropi veliko skrb.
Recent well-documented cases of unsafe products, particularly those involving children’s toys, have caused great concern in Europe.
Opazi se in pozdravlja kitajsko odločenost za reševanje tega problema s „posebnim bojem“ proti proizvodom slabe kakovosti ter nadzorom.
The Chinese determination to tackle this problem with a "special battle" against poor product quality and supervision is noted and welcomed.
Dokler ne bo zagotovljena varnost, morajo biti Komisija in države članice posebej pazljive, da nevarnim proizvodom preprečijo, da pridejo na evropski trg.
However, until safety can be assured, the Commission and Member States must be especially vigilant in order to prevent dangerous items from reaching the European market.
Nadaljnji koraki
Future Steps
Sporazum o partnerstvu in sodelovanju
Partnership and Co-operation agreement (PCA)
EU se je decembra 2005 dogovorila za začetek pogajanj o novem sporazumu o partnerstvu in sodelovanju, čeprav so se dejanska pogajanja začela šele oktobra 2007.
The EU agreed to start negotiations for a new PCA with China in December 2005 although actual negotiations only started in October 2007.
Tretji krog je bil opravljen septembra 2008.
The third round took place in September 2008.
Poročevalka meni, da je hitra sklenitev pomembnega in celovitega sporazuma med obema stranema bistvena za nadaljnji razvoj odnosov med EU in Kitajsko.
Your rapporteur believes that the early conclusion of a substantive and comprehensive agreement between the two sides as essential for the future development of relations between the EU and China.
Preprečevanje problemov z dvostranskim dialogom
Prevention of problems through channels for bilateral dialogue
Poleg skupnega odbora, ki letno poteka na ministrski ravni, je bilo vzpostavljenih nekaj dialogov na področjih, povezanih s trgovino.
In addition to the Joint Committee held annually at Ministerial level, several important dialogues have been established in trade-related areas.
Najpomembnejši od teh je novi gospodarski in trgovinski mehanizem na visoki ravni, ki se nanaša na prejšnjega in je bil dogovorjen na vrhu EU-Kitajska novembra 2007 v Pekingu.
The most significant of these is the new High Level Economic and Trade Mechanism, referred to earlier, that was agreed upon at the EU-China Summit in Beijing in November 2007.
Mehanizem dialoga na visoki ravni se je formalno začel aprila 2008 in bo okrepil dialog med Evropsko komisijo in kitajskim državnim svetom.
The HLM was formally launched in April 2008 and will strengthen dialogue between the European Commission and the State Council of China.
Mehanizem z združevanjem visokih nosilcev odločanja iz kitajskega vodstva in njihovih sogovornikov iz Evropske komisije zagotavlja novo orodje za reševanje vprašanj, ki zadevajo obe strani, zlasti na področju naložb, dostopa do trga in varstva pravic intelektualne lastnine ter drugih strateških vprašanj, povezanih s trgovino.
Bringing together senior decision-makers from the Chinese leadership and their counterparts from the European Commission, this Mechanism provides a new tool to address issues of mutual concern especially in the areas of investment, market access and intellectual property rights protection and other strategic issues related to trade.
Ta gibanja so še posebej dobrodošla, ker zagotavljajo način reševanja zadev s strukturnim dialogom.
These developments are particularly to be welcomed as they provide a means of resolving issues through structured dialogue.
Poročevalka s tem v zvezi poziva Komisijo, naj s kitajskimi organi preuči, kako bi lahko v delo mehanizma dialoga na visoki ravni vnesli parlamentarno razsežnost, podobno kot jo zagotavlja skupina svetovalcev, ki omogoča EP in kongresu dejavno sodelovanje v čezatlantskem ekonomskem svetu.
In this, context your rapporteur would urge the Commission to explore with the Chinese authorities as to how a parliamentary dimension might be brought into the work of the HLM, similar to that provided by the Group of Advisers that allows for an EP and Congressional input into the Transatlantic Economic Council.
Evropska komisija mora podpreti ustanovitev poslovnega sveta Kitajska-EU, podobnega poslovnemu svetu ZDA-EU;
The European Commission should support the installing of a China-EU Business Council, similar to the US-EU Business Council.
Evropski trgovinski odnosi s Kitajsko morajo temeljiti na prevzemu odgovornosti in strateškem partnerstvu, ki utemeljujeta načelo vzajemnosti, poštene konkurence in trgovine, v skladu z našimi skupnimi vrednotami in zavezanosti pravilom STO.
Europe's trade relations with China should be based on engagement and strategic partnership that enshrines the principle of reciprocity, fair competition and trade, according to our common values and adherence to WTO rules.
Kitajska mora razumeti, da je v Evropi skrb vzbujajoče pomanjkanje vzajemnosti pri dostopu do trga ter druge težave, kot so pravice intelektualne lastnine, ki sprožajo zahteve po omejitve uvoza iz Kitajske.
For its part, China must understand that there is genuine concern in Europe over the lack of reciprocity in market access and over other issues such as IPR, which fuel demands for restrictions on Chinese imports.
Najboljši način boja proti tem pritiskom je, da se upošteva skrb obeh, tako da se zagotovi enake pogoje delovanja, ki bodo zagotavljali prosto in pravično trgovino in sodelovanje v obojestransko korist.
The best means of countering these pressures is to take seriously each other’s concerns so as to ensure a level playing field that provides for free and fair trade and cooperation to our mutual advantage.
o trgovinskih in gospodarskih odnosih s Kitajsko
on trade and economic relations with China
3. poziva Kitajsko k izpolnjevanju njenih obveznosti v okviru Svetovne trgovinske organizacije, predvsem z reševanjem perečih vprašanj, kot so zaščita pravic intelektualne lastnine, diskriminacija tujih podjetij in oviranje dostopa do trga v številnih sektorjih;
Urges China to fulfil its commitments within the World Trade Organization, notably by dealing with outstanding problems such as protection of intellectual property rights, discrimination against foreign companies, and barriers to market access in a number of sectors;
7. obžaluje skromen napredek, dosežen na pogajanjih med Ljudsko republiko Kitajsko in odposlanci dalajlame, ter nedavno prekinitev teh pogajanj; ponavlja svoj poziv k prenehanju vseh oblik preganjanja tibetanskega ljudstva ter k zagotovitvi avtonomije, ki bo Tibetancem omogočala polno izkoriščanje političnih, kulturnih in verskih pravic, zlasti z ustavitvijo naseljevanja Han Kitajcev v Tibetu in natančnim pregledom „domoljubne izobraževalne“ politike;
Regrets the lack of progress achieved during the negotiations between the People's Republic of China and envoys of the Dalai Lama, and the current breakdown in those negotiations; reiterates its call for a cessation of all forms of persecution of the Tibetan people and for Tibetans to be guaranteed a level of autonomy that permits them to enjoy to the full their political, cultural and religious rights, especially by ceasing Han Chinese settlements in Tibet and by overhauling the “patriotic education” policy;
9. je zaskrbljen, ker Kitajska povečuje vojaški proračun; podpira ohranitev embarga na orožje za Kitajsko; ugotavlja, da si Kitajska zelo dejavno prizadeva za zanesljivo preskrbo z energijo in naravne vire, na primer v Afriki, in v tem oziru pozdravlja sporočilo Komisije o EU, Afriki in Kitajski: k tristranskemu dialogu in sodelovanju; meni, da EU potrebuje na rezultate osredotočeno skupno zunanjo energetsko politiko ter učinkovit dialog s Kitajsko na tem področju; pozdravlja predlog Komisije za vzpostavitev tristranskega dialoga in sodelovanja med Evropsko unijo, Kitajsko in Afriko z namenom spodbujanja miru in varnosti ter doseganja razvojnih ciljev tisočletja v Afriki;
Is concerned at China's growing military budget; supports the continuation of the arms embargo on China; notes China's very active pursuit of energy security and natural resources, e.g. in Africa, and in this respect welcomes the Commission's communication entitled “The EU, Africa and China: Towards trilateral dialogue and cooperation”; believes that the EU needs a result-oriented common foreign energy policy and an effective dialogue with China in this regard; welcomes the Commission's proposal for the establishment of trilateral dialogue and cooperation between the European Union, China and Africa aimed at promoting peace and security and achieving the Millennium Development Goals in Africa;
3. je zaskrbljen, da bo kitajski gospodarski razcvet morda kratkotrajen, če ne bo zagotovljena dolgoročna varnost; zato spodbuja Kitajsko, da okrepi finančni pravni okvir v skladu z nastajajočo mednarodno prakso;
Is concerned that the economic boom in China may be short-lived unless long-term security is provided; therefore encourages China to strengthen its financial regulatory framework in line with evolving international practice;