natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
G. ker pri načrtovanju in izvedbenih ukrepih za reševanje problemov obalnih območij ni ustrezne zastopanosti vseh sektorjev in so zato prizadeti interesi nekaterih sektorjev,
G. whereas there has been a failure adequately to involve representation of all sectors in planning and implementing measures to address the problems of coastal zones and, as a result, the interests of some sectors are being harmed,
H. ker izvajanje politike celostnega upravljanja vključuje, na obalnih območjih, načrtovanje dejavnosti, vezanih na prebivalstvo, turizem in gospodarstvo, ter varstvo pokrajine in okolja,
H. whereas the implementation of integrated-management policies involves the planning in coastal areas of population-related, tourism-related and economic uses and of landscape and environmental protection,
I. ker učinkovito usklajevanje organov za upravljanje obalnih območij zaenkrat še ni bilo mogoče, razen v posameznih ločenih primerih,
I. whereas the effective coordination of Coastal Zone Management bodies has not yet been possible except in isolated cases,
J. ker lahko izvajanje politik za podporo ICZM v nekaterih primerih zahteva zelo obsežno porabo sredstev, ki si je lokalne skupnosti ne morejo privoščiti, zaradi česar prihaja do pritožb na višje upravne ravni in zamud pri izvajanju,
J. whereas the implementation of policies to promote ICZM may, in some cases, require large-scale spending, which cannot be met by local communities, resulting in appeals to higher administrative levels and delays in implementation,
K. ker sta zaradi čezmejne narave številnih obalnih procesov potrebna regionalno usklajevanje in sodelovanje, celo s tretjimi državami,
K. whereas, owing to the cross-border nature of many coastal processes, regional coordination and cooperation are necessary, even with third countries,
L. ker sta ribolov in ribogojstvo dve obalni dejavnosti par excellence , ki sta odvisni od kakovosti obalnih voda,
L. whereas fishing and aquaculture are two coastal activities par excellence which depend on the quality of inshore waters,
M. ker tehnološki razvoj v ribogojstvo še ni dosegel ravni, ki bi omogočala opravljanje te dejavnosti (ki je intenzivna v naravi) daleč od obalnih območij,
M. whereas a level of technological development has not yet been reached in aquaculture which will enable that activity (which is intensive in nature) to be pursued away from coastal areas,
N. ker je treba upoštevati dejstvo, da imajo ženske na območjih, ki so odvisna od ribištva, temeljno in doslej slabo priznano vlogo,
N. whereas the fundamental and hitherto poorly acknowledged role played by women in fisheries-dependent areas must be taken into account,
O. ker obalni ribolov predstavlja 80 % ribolovne flote Skupnosti in prispeva k ekonomski in socialni koheziji obalnih skupnosti in k ohranjanju njihove kulturne tradicije,
O. whereas inshore fishing accounts for 80% of the Community fishing fleet and contributes to the economic and social cohesion of coastal communities and the preservation of their cultural traditions,
P. ker ribolov, čeprav sam po sebi ni vir onesnaževanja, trpi za posledicami onesnaževanja, ki ga povzročajo druge dejavnosti na obalnih območjih, kar še dodatno slabi njegovo sposobnost za nadaljnji obstoj,
P. whereas fishing, even though it is not itself a source of pollution, suffers the impact of pollution caused by other activities pursued in coastal areas, which further undermines its viability,
Q. ker imata ribolov in ribogojstvo velik ekonomski in socialni pomen, saj se večinoma izvajata na obalnih območjih s krhkimi gospodarstvi, od katerih so mnoga v neugodnem položaju in svojim prebivalcem ne morejo zagotoviti drugih zaposlitvenih možnosti,
Q. whereas fishing and aquaculture are of great economic and social importance, since they are mainly pursued in coastal regions with fragile economies, many of which are disadvantaged and unable to provide their inhabitants with alternative job opportunities,
R. ker bo čisto in zdravo morsko okolje v prihodnje prispevalo k povečanju ribiške proizvodnje in tako izboljšalo možnosti za ta sektor,
R. whereas the existence of a clean and healthy marine environment will contribute to the future increase in fisheries production and thus improve prospects for this sector,
S. ker ribogojstvo trdno temelji na načelu trajnostnega razvoja in ker se morebitni vplivi na okolje poračunajo na podlagi predpisov Skupnosti,
S. whereas aquaculture is firmly based on the principle of sustainable development, and any environmental impact is offset by Community rules,
T. ker v okolju, v katerem staleži rib upadajo, svetovno povpraševanje po ribah in školjkah pa je čedalje večje, pomen ribogojstva v Evropi stalno narašča,
T. whereas in an environment in which fish stocks are in decline and world demand for fish and shellfish is increasing, the importance of aquaculture in Europe is steadily growing,
U. ker vse države članice še niso končale svojega regionalnega načrtovanja v skladu z načeli ICZM za uravnotežen razvoj dejavnosti, ki se izvajajo na teh območjih,
U. whereas not all Member States have yet completed their regional planning in line with the principles of ICZM for the balanced development of activities pursued in these zones,
V. ker vlada za prostor na obalnih območjih neusmiljena konkurenca in ker imajo ribogojci in ribiči enake pravice in obveznosti kot drugi uporabniki,
V. whereas there is fierce competition for space in coastal zones, and aquaculturists and fishermen have the same rights and obligations as other users,
1. poudarja ekonomski in socialni pomen ribolova in ribogojstva za obalna območja ter poziva, da morata biti deležna pomoči v okviru ICZM;
Stresses the economic and social importance of fishing and aquaculture for coastal regions and calls for them to receive assistance within the framework of ICZM;
4. poudarja, da je treba pojasniti pristojnosti upravnih organov zadevnih obalnih območij ter uvesti usklajene strategije, da postanejo bolj učinkoviti;
Points out the need to clarify the competences of the administrative bodies of the coastal zones concerned and establish coordinated strategies so that they can be more effective;
9. poziva nacionalne in regionalne vlade najbolj oddaljenih regij, naj pripravijo celostne strategije za ICZM, da se zagotovi trajnostni razvoj obalnih regij;
Calls on the national and regional governments of the outermost regions to prepare integrated ICZM strategies in order to guarantee the sustainable development of coastal regions;
13. meni, da morata biti ribiški in ribogojni sektor vključena v transverzalen pristop k vsem morskim dejavnostim, ki se odvijajo na obalnih območjih, da se tako doseže trajnostni razvoj v skladu s smernicami nove pomorske politike;
Considers that the fisheries and aquaculture sectors must both be included in a transversal approach to all maritime activities taking place in coastal zones, in order to achieve sustainable development, in accordance with the new maritime policy guidelines;
Uvod – priporočilo EU za celostno upravljanje obalnih območij
Introduction - The EU Recommendation for Integrated Coastal Zone Management
O zamisli o celostnem upravljanju obalnih območij (ICZM) se je prvič razpravljalo leta 1994, ko je Svet v eni od svojih resolucij poudaril, da je potrebna strategija Skupnosti za obalna območja, ki bo temeljila na načelih trajnostnega razvoja.
The idea of Integrated Coastal Zone Management was first mooted in 1994, when a Council Resolution stressed the need for a Community strategy for coastal zones based on the principles of sustainable development.
Leta 2002 je Komisija objavila priporočilo, v katerem je določila osem načel, na katerih bi moralo temeljiti ICZM.
In 2002, the Commission issued a recommendation setting out eight principles on which ICZM should be based.
To poročilo poziva države članice, naj Komisiji pred koncem februarja 2006 predložijo poročila o napredku glede oblikovanja in izvajanja njihovih nacionalnih strategij ICZM.
This recommendation calls on coastal Member States to submit to the Commission before the end of February 2006 progress reports on the drawing up and implementation of their national ICZM strategies.
Prav tako poziva Komisijo, naj Evropskemu parlamentu in Svetu predloži poročilo o oceni glede napredka pri izvajanju ICZM.
It also called on the Commission to submit an evaluation report to the European Parliament and Council on progress in implementing ICZM.
Uradna poročila je Komisiji poslalo 14 od 20 obalnih držav članic EU, kar predstavlja 65 % obalnih držav EU in več kot 70 % dolžine evropske obale.
Of the 20 coastal Member States of the EU, 14 have forwarded official reports to the Commission: these account for 65% of EU coastal States and over 70% of the length of the European coastline.
Cilji in izzivi
Objectives and challenges
V sedanjem sporočilu Komisije je ocenjen napredek, dosežen pri izvajanju ICZM, hkrati pa so opisane pomanjkljivosti.
The present Commission communication evaluates progress achieved in implementing ICZM, while at the same time outlining the shortcomings.
Osnovni zaključki so sledeči: pri izvajanju ICZM ni učinkovitega usklajevanja; izmenjava informacij je nepopolna; vsi uporabniki obalnih območij niso ustrezno zastopani; ICZM je utemeljena na obstoječih sektorskih politikah, ki ustrezajo potrebam obalnih območij; treba je oblikovati politike za pripravo obalnih območij na vpliv podnebnih sprememb.
The basic conclusions are as follows: there has been no effective coordination in implementing ICZM; exchanges of information are incomplete; not all users of coastal zones are properly represented; ICZM has been based on existing sectoral policies corresponding to the needs of coastal zones; and policies must be drawn up to prepare coastal zones for the impact of climatic change.
Obalna območja danes – vpliv na ribolov in ribogojstvo
Coastal zones today – impact on fishing and aquaculture
Obalna območja so bila v preteklosti obravnavana kot drugotnega pomena za gospodarski razvoj, sedaj pa so regije z najintenzivnejšim izkoriščanjem.
In the past, coastal zones were considered to be of secondary importance for economic development; now, however, they are the most intensively exploited regions.
V študiji, ki ocenjuje socialni in ekonomski vpliv ICZM, je naštetih 18 kategorij dejavnosti, ki se izvajajo na obalnih območjih, in 14 izzivov, s katerimi se ta območja soočajo zaradi prekomernega izkoriščanja.
The study evaluating the social and economic impact of ICZM lists 18 categories of activity carried out in coastal areas and 14 challenges they face owing to over-exploitation.
Ta sektor pogosto trpi za posledicami drugih dejavnosti na obalnih območjih.
This sector frequently suffers from the consequences of other activities in coastal zones.
Npr. ko se je leta 2002 na odprtem morju pred špansko obalo potopila ladja Prestige, je prišlo do onesnaženja kakih 1000 km 2 obale v regiji, ki je ekonomsko odvisna od ribolova in ribogojstva.
When, for example, the Prestige sank in 2002 in the open sea off the Spanish coast, some 1000 km 2 of coastline were polluted in a region which is economically dependent on fishing and aquaculture.
Po ocenah je bilo 41 600 ljudi neposredno odvisnih od ribolova, medtem ko je bilo v nekaterih regijah na področju ribolova in ribogojstva zaposlenega 47,2 % delovnega prebivalstva.
An estimated 41 600 people depended directly on fishing, while in some regions up to 47.2% of the working population was employed in fishing and aquaculture.
Okrog 6000 plovil za obalni ribolov je začasno opustilo svojo dejavnost in celo ob odpravi omejitev je bila proizvodnja zmanjšana zaradi uničenja okolja, do katerega je prišlo.
Approximately 6 000 inshore fishing vessels suspended fishing, and even when restrictions were lifted, production was reduced owing to the environmental destruction which had occurred.
Po ocenah bo celotna rehabilitacija morskega okolja trajala od 10 do 25 let
It is estimated that a complete rehabilitation of the marine environment will take between 10 and 25 years
Poleg naftnih madežev pomorski promet pogosto povzroča nenameren transport škodljivih eksotičnih vrst, zaradi katerih se zmanjšuje biološka raznovrstnost ekosistemov, ki jih te vrste napadejo
Apart from oil slicks, maritime transport is also frequently responsible for accidentally transporting harmful exotic species, resulting in a reduction in the biodiversity of the ecosystems which these species invade
Na proizvodnjo v ribištvu vpliva tudi evtrofikacija voda prek industrijskih, mestnih in kmetijskih odpadkov.
The eutrophication of waters through industrial, urban and agricultural waste also has an impact on fisheries production.
Problem je še posebej resen na obalnih in napol zaprtih morskih območjih.
The problem is particularly serious in coastal and semi-closed marine areas.
Na podlagi poročila, ki ga je pripravil Mednarodni svet za raziskovanje morja (ICES), je vzrok za zmanjšanje staležev rib v Črnem morju evtrofikacija.
According to a report drawn up by the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES), eutrophication is responsible for a reduction in fish stocks in the Black Sea.
50 % onesnaženja z nitrati povzročijo kopenske obalne dejavnosti, od tega 50 % prispevajo kmetijske dejavnosti, 25 % industrijske, preostalih 25 % pa mestne dejavnosti
50% of nitrate pollution stems from land-based coastal activities, broken down as follows: 50% from agricultural activities, 25% from industrial activities and the remaining 25% from urban activities
Problem postane še bolj zapleten, ko onesnaženje, ki ga s seboj prinesejo reke, izvira iz tretjih držav.
The problem becomes even more complex when river-borne pollution originates from third countries.
Možnosti za nadaljnji obstoj ribolova in ribogojstva prav tako načenja zelo hitro preoblikovanje naravnih obalnih območij v umetne površine.
However, the viability of fishing and aquaculture is also being affected by the very rapid transformation of natural coastal areas into artificial surfaces.
Od leta 1990 do 2000 so se umetne površine po ocenah širile za 190 km 2 na leto.
Between 1990 and 2000 it is estimated that artificial surfaces spread by 190 km 2 annually.
61 % te širitve predstavljajo stanovanja, turizem in rekreacija, pred katerimi so se druge dejavnosti umaknile
61% of this expansion is due to housing, tourism and recreation displacing other activities
Evropska agencija za okolje, 2006, „The changing areas of coastal areas“. .
European Environmental Agency, 2006, ‘The changing areas of coastal areas’. .
Regionalno načrtovanje zaenkrat temelji na kopnem in ne upošteva vpliva razvoja obalnih območij na nekatere pomorske dejavnosti.
Regional planning has so far been land-based and has failed to take into account the impact of coastal development on certain marine activities.
Posledica tega so omejitve za ribolovna območja in degradacija morskih habitatov, tj. območij, kjer se nekatere vrste prehranjujejo, drstijo in razmnožujejo.
This has led to limits on fishing grounds and the degradation of marine habitats, i.e. the feeding, spawning and reproduction areas of some species.
Pomanjkanje prostora pa je obenem tudi glavna ovira za razvoj evropskega ribogojstva.
At the same time, lack of space is also a basic obstacle to the development of European aquaculture.
Treba bi bilo poudariti, da bodo podnebne spremembe še poslabšale posledice prekomernega izkoriščanja obalnih območij.
It should be pointed out that the consequences of over-exploiting coastal zones will be exacerbated by climate change.
Čeprav ni ustreznih podatkov o vplivu na ribolov in ribogojstvo, bodo po navedbah začetne študije prihodnje izgube v tem sektorju zaradi podnebnih sprememb po ocenah znašale 200 milijonov EUR letno.
Although there are no adequate data on the impact on fishing and aquaculture, an initial study mentions that future losses in this sector owing to climate change are estimated at 200 million euros annually.
Pri tem je nevarnost zopet največja v napol zaprtih morskih območjih, kot sta Baltsko in Severno morje
Here again, closed and semi-closed marine areas, such as the Baltic and the North Sea, are at greatest risk
Ribolov v okviru celostnega upravljanja obalnih območij
Fishing within the framework of Integrated Coastal Zone Management
Celostno upravljanje obalnih območij je za ribolov zelo pomembno iz treh razlogov.
Integrated Coastal Zone Management is of great importance for fishing for three basic reasons.
Prvi je ta, da je ribolov obalna dejavnost par excellence in zato izpostavljena spremembam v lokalnem okolju.
Firstly, fishing is a coastal activity par excellence and, as a result, is affected by changes in the local environment.
Staleži rib v obalnih vodah tvorijo osnovo številnih ulovov in veliko vrst, ujetih na odprtem morju, se izleže in odraste v obalnih vodah.
Fish stocks in coastal waters form the basis of many catches and many species caught offshore hatch and grow in coastal waters.
Drugič, ribolov ni vir onesnaževanja, temveč trpi za posledicami onesnaževanja, ki ga povzročajo druge dejavnosti na obalnih območjih.
Secondly, fishing is not a source of pollution, but rather suffers the consequences of pollution caused by other activities pursued in coastal zones.
Tretji razlog pa je dejstvo, da 80 % ribolovne dejavnosti poteka v obalnih regijah, ki so od njega močno odvisne
Thirdly, 80% of the Community fishing activity takes place in coastal regions which are heavily dependent upon it
Gre za regije s krhkimi gospodarstvi, ki svojim prebivalcem ne morejo zagotoviti drugih dejavnosti in od katerih je večina v neugodnem položaju.
These are regions with fragile economies which cannot provide their inhabitants with alternative activities and are for the most part disadvantaged.
Leta 2003 je bilo 63 % ribičev iz regij z omejenimi možnostmi, ki so odvisne od ribiške industrije
In 2003, some 63% of fishermen were to be found in less-favoured regions dependent on the fishing industry
Na tem mestu bi bilo treba poudariti, da je bil ribolov v preteklem desetletju v resni krizi zaradi zmanjšanja staležev rib in da bi zato morali njegovo ogroženost zmanjšati na najmanjšo možno raven.
It should be pointed out here that over the past decade fishing has been in serious crisis owing to a reduction in fish stocks and we should therefore reduce to a minimum any further threat to it.
Ribiški sektor je utrpel 35 % zmanjšanje števila delovnih mest, 20 % zmanjšanje števila plovil in 28 % zmanjšanje ulovljenih količin.
In particular, the fishing industry has suffered a 35% fall in the number of jobs, a 20% fall in the number of vessels and a 28% fall in catches.
Ribolov bi bilo zato treba vključiti v ICZM, zlasti pa bi bilo treba kot del razvoja in upravljanja obalnih območij preučiti razvoj in upravljanje ribištva na obalnih območjih.
Fishing should therefore be included in ICZM, in particular the development and management of fisheries in coastal zones should be examined as part of the development and management of coastal zones.
K temu procesu lahko prispeva Evropski sklad za ribištvo, saj financira ukrepe za zagotavljanje uspešnega razvoja ribištva ter varstvo morskega okolja in njegovih živih virov.
The European Fisheries Fund (ΕFF) can contribute to this process since it finances measures to ensure the viable development of fisheries and the protection of the marine environment and its living resources.
Poleg tega lahko Evropski sklad za ribištvo podpira posebna načela ICZM, kot je participatorno načrtovanje in poudarjanje posebnih značilnosti obalnih skupnosti.
Furthermore, the EFF can support specific principles of ICZM, such as participatory planning and the highlighting of the special features of coastal communities.
Evropski sklad za ribištvo tudi podpira financiranje številnih pilotskih projektov, ki znatno krepijo vlogo ribolova v ICZM, ter promocijo selektivnejših in okolju prijaznejših načinov ribolova.
Furthermore, the EFF also supports the funding of a number of pilot projects which significantly strengthen the role of fishing in ICZM and the promotion of more selective and environmentally-friendly fishing methods.
Najpomembnejši element za zagotovitev uspešne vključitve ribolova v ICZM je v vsakem primeru vključitev ribiških organizacij v fazo načrtovanja.
At all events, the most important element in ensuring the successful incorporation of fishing in ICZM is to involve fishing organisations in the planning stage.
Uporaba izkušenj lokalnih ribičev bo pripomogla k opredelitvi dejanskih problemov in tako zagotovila, da bodo obalne ribolovne skupnosti ostale in soobstajale z drugimi dejavnostmi, ki se izvajajo na obalnih območjih.
Using the experience of local fishermen will help identify the real problems and thereby ensure that coastal fishing communities remain and co-exist with other activities pursued in coastal zones.
Ribogojstvo v okviru ICZM
Aquaculture within the framework of ICZM
Tudi ribogojstvo je dejavnost, ki se izvaja pretežno na obalnih območjih.
Aquaculture is also an activity principally pursued in coastal zones.
Od leta 1970 se razvija hitreje od vseh drugih sektorjev pridelave hrane in beleži 8 % povprečno letno stopnjo rasti, njegova letna proizvodnja pa znaša približno 45 milijonov ton po vsem svetu
Since 1970, it has developed more rapidly than any other sector of food production, recording an annual average growth rate of 8%, and an annual production of approximately 45 million tonnes worldwide
FAO, 2006, „The state of world fisheries and aquaculture“. .
FAO, 2006, ‘The state of world fisheries and aquaculture’. .
Ribogojstvo postaja čedalje pomembnejše v okoliščinah, v katerih se redčijo ribolovni viri, svetovno povpraševanje po ribah in školjkah pa stalno narašča.
In an environment in which fisheries resources are becoming scarce and in which world demand for fish and shellfish is steadily rising, aquaculture is becoming increasingly important.
Organizacija ZN za prehrano in kmetijstvo predvideva, da se bo poraba ribiških proizvodov do leta 2030 povečala za 50 % in da bo levji delež tega povpraševanja pokrivalo ribogojstvo.
The UN Food and Agriculture Organisation predicts that consumption of fish products will increase by 50% up to 2030 and that the lion’s share of this demand will be met by aquaculture.
To v številkah pomeni povečanje proizvodnje za 40 milijonov ton
In figures, this amounts to an increase in production of 40 million tonnes
Evropskemu ribogojstvu bi ta trend lahko koristil in lahko bi izkoristilo svoje primerjalne prednosti.
European aquaculture could therefore benefit from this trend and exploit its comparative advantages.
Mednje spada dejstvo, da je EU največji trg za ribiške proizvode, da ima dolgo tradicijo gojenja školjk in rib v sladki in slani vodi, sposobnost za dinamične vrhunske raziskave in moderno tehnologijo, usposobljene in izkušene ribogojce, primerne podnebne pogoje in idealne lokacije za gojene vrste
These include the following: the EU is the largest market for fish products, has a long tradition of shellfish farming and fish farming in fresh and sea water, it has a dynamic, cutting-edge research capacity and modern technology, qualified and experienced fish farmers, suitable climatic conditions and ideal sites for the varieties farmed
Poleg tega je treba pozorno upoštevati prispevek sektorja k ekonomski in socialni koheziji regij, v katerih se izvaja.
Furthermore, the sector’s contribution to the economic and social cohesion of the regions where it is practised should be carefully borne in mind.
Ribogojstvo se v EU kot celoti v glavnem izvaja na obalnih območjih in zagotavlja 80 000 delovnih mest.
In the EU as a whole, aquaculture is practised mainly in coastal zones and provides 80 000 jobs.
V Grčiji na primer ribogojstvo predstavlja 50 % skupne letne proizvodnje.
In Greece, for instance, 50% of total annual production comes from aquaculture.
S tem nočemo reči, da se evropsko ribogojstvo ne srečuje tudi s težavami, ki vplivajo na njegovo rast.
That is not to say that European aquaculture is not also facing difficulties which affect its growth.
Poglavitni težavi sta neustrezno regionalno načrtovanje in konkurenca za prostor z drugimi obalnimi dejavnostmi.
Chief among these are inadequate regional planning and competition for space with the other coastal activities.