natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Okvir določa varnostna načela, poleg tega pa državam članicam nalaga obveznost, da sprejmejo zakonodajni in regulativni okvir, s katerim bodo zagotovile ureditev in nadzor jedrskih objektov, predvsem s pripravo nacionalnih varnostnih zahtev, sistemom izdajanja dovoljenj za jedrske objekte, neodvisnim upravnim organom, sistemom nadzora ter oceno in kontrolo jedrskih objektov.
This framework provides for safety principles as well as imposing upon Member States the requirement to adopt a legislative and regulatory framework ensuring the regulation and the supervision of nuclear installations, mainly through: the elaboration of national safety requirements, a system of licensing of nuclear installations, an independent regulatory body, a system of supervision, assessment and control of nuclear installations.
(i) Poročevalec se na splošno strinja s to možnostjo, saj na področju deljene odgovornosti z državami članicami v celoti spoštuje načelo subsidiarnosti.
(i) The Rapporteur can generally adhere to this option : it fully respects the subsidiary principle in a field of shared competencies with Members States.
Poleg tega omogoča dovolj prožnosti pri izvajanju direktive, varnostna načela so splošno opredeljena (tista, ki so omenjena v direktivi), države članice pa so odgovorne za sprejetje potrebnih ukrepov, pri čemer imajo proste roke za sprejetje strožjih pravil.
In addition, it provides for sufficient flexibility in the implementation of the directive, ensuring that the safety principles are commonly defined (those referred to in the directive) and leaving with Member States the responsibility to adopt the necessary measures, as well as the freedom to adopt stronger rules.
Ta pristop je v skladu z načelom nacionalne odgovornosti za varnost jedrskih objektov, pri čemer ima primarno odgovornost imetnik dovoljenja pod nadzorom nacionalnega upravnega organa.
This approach is in line with the principle of national liability for the safety of nuclear installations, prime responsibility resting with the holder of the licence under the control of an independent regulatory body.
V zvezi s tem bi poročevalec predlagal manjšo izboljšavo glede vrstnega reda v strukturi osnutka predloga, da bi bila bolje razvidna hierarhija norm in odgovornosti med opredelitvijo nacionalnega regulativnega okvira, vlogo neodvisnega upravnega organa ter načeli in zahtevami za sprejetje in odgovornostjo imetnika dovoljenja.
In this regard, the Rapporteur would therefore propose a slight improvement in reordering the structure of the draft proposal, reflecting better the hierarchy of norms and responsibilities between: the definition of a national regulatory framework; the role of the independent regulatory body; the principles and requirements to adopt and the responsibility of the licence holder.
(ii) Poročevalec je prepričan, da okvir direktive obenem zagotavlja dejansko uskladitev varnostnih načel: državam članicam je v predlogu naročeno, naj spoštujejo načela IAEA ter obveznosti Konvencije o jedrski varnosti, ki je bila sklenjena pod okriljem te agencije.
(ii) The Rapporteur is confident that at the same time the framework directive provides for real harmonisation of the safety principles : the proposal asks Member States to respect the IEAE principles and to observe the obligations of the Convention on Nuclear Safety, concluded under the aegis of the IAEA.
To kaže, da Komisija priznava, da potrebna pravila na mednarodni ravni že obstajajo in so dobro razvita.
This shows a recognition on the part of the Commission that the necessary rules already exist at the international level and are well developed.
To je dobra podlaga za zakonodajo Skupnosti, katere namen je zagotoviti dejansko in enotno izvajanje v državah članicah.
They constitute a good basis for Community legislation whose purpose therefore is to ensure its real and uniform implementation by Member States.
Poročevalec meni tudi, da so standardi, metode in navodila IAEA dober okvir zgledov najboljših priznanih praks na mednarodni ravni, iz katerih izhaja večina nacionalnih zahtev.
The Rapporteur also shares the view that the standards, methods and guidance of the IAEA constitute a sound framework of the best recognised practises at international level, from which most national requirements are derived.
Z njihovo vključitvijo v pravo Skupnosti bo zagotovljeno izpolnjevanje obveznosti na ravni EU, Komisija pa bo dobila ustrezna orodja za nadzor in sankcije v zvezi s spoštovanjem teh pravil ter za zagotovitev skladnosti nacionalnih zakonodaj z določbami direktive.
Their introduction into EC law is aimed at ensuring the fulfilment of the obligations at EU level, and to give the Commission the necessary tools to control and sanction the respect of those rules and to ensure the compliance of national legislations with the Directive's provisions.
II – Verodostojnost procesa usklajevanja varnostnih pravil:
II - Credibility of the process of harmonisation of safety rules:
(i) Poročevalec je zaskrbljen glede zagotovitve dejanske neodvisnosti upravnega organa.
(i) The Rapporteur is concerned about ensuring a real independency of the regulatory body .
Osnovna dodana vrednost predlagane direktive je okrepitev vloge upravnega organa v nacionalni zakonodaji.
The fundamental added value of the proposed Directive is the enhancement of the role of the regulatory body in national legislation.
Poročevalec meni, da bi bilo treba to vlogo bolje opredeliti ter povečati neodvisnost tega organa.
The Rapporteur considers that its role should be better defined and its independence increased.
S tem bi mu zagotovili legitimnost, saj bi bil pristojen za sprejetje vseh potrebnih nujnih ukrepov, vključno s začasno ustavitvijo delovanja jedrskega objekta (glej preoblikovani člen 4).
This would ensure its legitimacy by giving it powers to take all necessary urgent measures, including the suspension of activity of a nuclear plant (see the redrafted article 4).
(ii) Pravna varnost ureditve na ravni EU
(ii) The legal certainty of the regulation at EU level
Temelji, zahteve in smernice, ki jih določi IAEA, sestavljajo skupek pravil in okvir praks, na katerih bi morale temeljiti zakonodaja Skupnosti in nacionalne varnostne zahteve.
Fundamentals, Requirements and Guidance set by the IAEA constitute a set of rules and a framework of practices upon which Community legislation and national safety requirements should be based.
Komisija priznava zlasti, da deset temeljnih načel, ki jih je IAEA objavila leta 2006, tvori enoten sklop pravil in podlago, na kateri naj bi vzpostavili varnostne zahteve držav članic.
In particular, the Commission recognises that the 10 Fundamental principles published by the IAEA in 2006 constitute a unified set of principles and the basis upon which to establish Member States’ safety requirements.
Tak pristop prinaša jasno prednost zaradi večje gotovosti pri urejanju na ravni Skupnosti, obenem pa pravno podlago za izvajanje teh načel, s tem pa bi prišlo tudi do učinkovite uskladitve na ravni EU.
This approach presents the clear advantage of an increased certainty of regulation at Community level and would convey the legal basis to implement those principles and would make effective the harmonisation at EU level.
V zvezi z obveznostmi na podlagi Konvencije o jedrski varnosti poročevalec pozdravlja neposredno sklicevanje v direktivi na obveznosti, ki jih sprejmejo države članice.
As regards the obligations stemming from the CNS Convention, the Rapporteur welcomes the direct reference in the Directive to the obligations concluded by Member States.
Vlogo, ki je dodeljena Združenju zahodnoevropskih upravnih organov za jedrsko varnost (WENRA) ter skupini na visoki ravni za približevanje in razvoj dodatnih varnostnih zahtev za „nove reaktorje“, je nejasna.
The role given to WENRA and the High level Group with a view to aligning and further developing additional safety requirements for "new reactors" is unclear.
Poročevalca status ad hoc skupin (WENRA je neuradna zveza upravnih organov za jedrsko varnost) ne skrbi toliko kot dejstvo, da ravni varnosti in standardi za prihodnjo tehnologijo še niso dodelani.
The Rapporteur is less concerned by the status of those ad-hoc groups (WENRA being an informal association of nuclear regulatory authorities) than by the fact that safety levels and standards for future technologies are not mature yet.
Direktiva ne more predvideti rezultatov tega procesa in držav prisiliti v njihovo izvajanje.
The Directive can hardly prejudge the results of this process and commit Member States to implement them.
Poročevalec vidi ta proces kot vir pravne negotovosti.
The Rapporteur sees this process as a source of legal uncertainty.
V skladu z načelom subsidiarnosti bi raje zagovarjal spodbujanje držav članic, da bi si prizadevale k stalnemu izboljševanju varnostnih standardov.
In line with the principle of subsidiarity, the Rapporteur would preferably advocate encouraging Member States to pursue the continuous improvement of safety standards.
Ko bodo upoštevale najboljšo razpoložljivo prakso, najboljše pridobljene izkušnje ter tehnološki razvoj in izboljšave, bo usklajevanje pomenilo prizadevanje za popolnost, saj se bodo ravni varnostnih standardov povečevale, izboljšave pa nenehno izvajale.
As they take into account the best practices available and best experience gained as well as reflecting technological developments and improvements, the harmonisation will constitute a “race to the top”, since the levels of safety standards increase and improvements are perpetually implemented.
(i) Treba je okrepiti sedanji pravni okvir, da se povečata preglednost in javno odobravanje.
(i) It is necessary to reinforce the current legal framework to enhance transparency and public acceptance .
Poročevalec podpira sklicevanje na ustrezne mednarodne konvencije.
The Rapporteur supports the reference to the relevant international conventions.
Tudi na tem področju je bil pripravljen sklop predpisov, da bi zagotovili dostop do informacij, sodelovanje javnosti in preglednost na nacionalni, mednarodni ali čezmejni ravni, kot sta aarhuška konvencija ali konvencija iz Espooja.
In this field too, a set of prescriptions have been developed so as to ensure access to in formation, public participation and transpar ency in national, international or transboundary contexts, such as the Aarhus Convention or the Espoo Convention.
S tem, ko direktiva od držav članic zahteva izpolnjevanje njihovih obveznosti, daje Komisiji orodja za zagotovitev, da bodo učinkovito poskrbele za preglednost postopka odločanja ter rezultatov nadzora na področju varnosti.
In asking Member States to implement their obligations, the Directive gives the Commission the tools to ensure that Member States effectively organise the transparency of the decision-making process and of the results of controls in the safety field.
(ii) Poročevalec meni, da so nadzorovanje, poročanje in preglednost bistveni deli okvirne direktive.
(ii) The Rapporteur considers that monitoring, reporting and transparency are the essential elements for the framework directive.
Poudarja, da je treba zagotoviti vključitev Evropskega parlamenta v zadeve, za katere veljajo določbe Pogodbe Euratom, in mu zlasti dati orodja, da bo dobro obveščen ter da bo spremljal dejavnosti na področju jedrske varnosti.
The Rapporteur underlines the need to ensure the association of the EP on matters under provisions of the Euratom Treaty and in particular to give the EP the tools to be kept well informed and to follow the activity in the field of nuclear safety.
Komisija bi morala Evropski parlament ustrezno obveščati o rednih poročilih o izvajanju direktive, ki jih je treba pripraviti v skladu s členom 11, njihova pogostost pa bi morala sovpadati z zahtevami Konvencije o jedrski varnosti in postopkom njene revizije.
The EP should be adequately informed by the Commission regarding the regular reports on the implementation of the Directive produced under Art. 11 whose frequency should be aligned with the requirements of the Convention of Nuclear Safety and its review process.
Obe poročili ter mednarodni strokovni pregledi prispevajo k opredelitvi področij najboljše prakse ter krepijo stalno izboljševanje jedrske varnosti v Skupnosti.
Both reports as well as peer reviews contribute to identify areas of best practices and to enhance the continuous improvement of nuclear safety in the Community.
Evropski parlament mora biti del tega procesa.
The EP must be a part of this process.
Iz zgoraj navedenih razlogov poročevalec predlaga, da se predlog Komisije spremeni.
For all the above-mentioned reasons, the Rapporteur proposes to amend the Commission's proposal.
Spoštovana gospa predsednica,
Dear Mrs Niebler,
Odbor za pravne zadeve se je v skladu s členom 35(3) poslovnika odločil, da bo na lastno pobudo obravnaval vprašanje pravne podlage zgoraj omenjenega predloga Komisije.
The Legal Affairs Committee has decided to take up the question of the legal basis of the above-mentioned Commission proposal on its own initiative pursuant to Rule 35(3) of the Rules of Procedure.
Odbor za okolje je dal svoje mnenje (poročevalka: Rebecca Harms).
The Environment Committee has given an opinion (rapporteur: Ms Harms).
Poročevalka Rebecca Harms je v svojem osnutku mnenja predlagala, da se k obstoječi pravni podlagi, členoma 31 in 32 Pogodbe Euratom, doda kot pravna podlaga člen 175(1) Pogodbe o ES.
In her draft opinion, Ms Harms had suggested adding the legal basis of Article 175(1) EC to the existing legal bases of Articles 31 and 32 EURATOM.
Osnova za predlagano zakonodajo
Background to the proposed legislation
V zadnjem desetletju je to tretji poskus uvedbe novih pravil o jedrski varnosti (prejšnja predloga iz leta 2002 in 2003 sta bila umaknjena).
This is the third attempt in a decade to introduce new rules on nuclear safety (the two previous proposals of 2002 and 2003 were withdrawn).
Namen predloga iz leta 2002 je bil „določiti temeljne obveznosti in splošna načela varnosti jedrskih objektov" , ki „ bodo kasneje dopolnjeni z vzpostavitvijo skupnih standardov in nadzornih mehanizmov za zagotovitev visoke ravni varnosti (...)”.
The aim of the 2002 proposal was " to define the basic obligations and general principles on the safety of nuclear installations", which "will at a later stage be complemented by the establishment of common standards and control mechanisms (...)”.
Pri reviziji v letu 2003 je bila zahteva po uvedbi osnovnih obveznosti in skupnih standardov umaknjena in nadomeščena z mehanizmi Skupnosti, ki naj bi zagotavljali spoštovanje skupnih načel glede jedrske varnosti in vključujejo zlasti skupnostni sistem preverjanja.
In the 2003 revision the requirement for introducing basic obligations and common standards was removed and replaced by Community mechanisms to ensure adherence to common nuclear safety principles, notably including a Community verification scheme.
V zadnjem predlogu taki mehanizmi niso predvideni in v skladu z njim tudi ni skupnostnega preverjanja.
In this latest proposal no such mechanisms are provided for, and there will be no Community verification.
Namesto tega se v osnutku direktive uveljavljajo zgolj zahteve iz Konvencije o jedrski varnosti Mednarodne agencije za atomsko energijo.
Instead, the draft directive will only enforce the requirements of the International Atomic Energy Agency’s Convention on Nuclear Safety (CNS).
Komisija je kot pravno podlago predlagala člena 31 in 32 Pogodbe Euratom.
The legal basis proposed by the Commission consists of Articles 31 and 32 of the Euratom Treaty.
Postavlja se vprašanje, ali bi bilo treba dodati tudi člen 175(1) Pogodbe o ES, da bi lahko Parlament sodeloval v postopku soodločanja.
The question arises as to whether Article 175(1) of the EC Treaty should be added, thereby giving Parliament the benefit of the codecision procedure.
Drug predlog, ki je bil predstavljen, je ta, da bi se člen 203 Pogodbe Euratom uporabil v povezavi s členoma 31 in 32 ali namesto njiju, zato da bi zajeli tudi tehnološke vidike jedrske varnosti in okoljske vidike.
In the alternative, it has also been argued that Article 203 EURATOM should be used in conjunction with or instead of Articles 31 and 32 in order to cover the technological aspects of nuclear safety and the environmental aspects.
Zaradi večje preglednosti so ustrezne odločbe iz pogodb tu v celoti navedene.
For the sake of convenience, the relevant Treaty provisions are set out below.
Člen 31, Pogodba Euratom
Article 31 EURATOM
Komisija izdela temeljne standarde potem, ko pridobi mnenje skupine oseb, ki jih imenuje Znanstveno-tehnični odbor izmed znanstvenih izvedencev iz držav članic, zlasti izvedencev za javno zdravje.
The basic standards shall be worked out by the Commission after it has obtained the opinion of a group of persons appointed by the Scientific and Technical Committee from among scientific experts, and in particular public health experts, in the Member States.
Komisija o tako izdelanih temeljnih standardih zahteva mnenje Ekonomsko-socialnega odbora.
The Commission shall obtain the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee on these basic standards.
Svet po posvetovanju z Evropskim parlamentom na predlog Komisije, ki mu posreduje mnenja odborov, s kvalificirano večino določi temeljne standarde.
After consulting the European Parliament the Council shall, on a proposal from the Commission, which shall forward to it the opinions obtained from these Committees, establish the basic standards; the Council shall act by a qualified majority.
Člen 32, Pogodba Euratom
Article 32 EURATOM
Na zahtevo Komisije ali države članice se lahko temeljni standardi revidirajo ali dopolnijo v skladu s postopkom iz člena 31.
At the request of the Commission or of a Member State , the basic standards may be revised or supplemented in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 31.
Komisija mora preučiti vsako predloženo zahtevo države članice.
The Commission shall examine any request made by a Member State .
Izraz „temeljni standardi” je v členu 30 Pogodbe Euratom opredeljen tako:
The expression "basic standards" is defined in Article 30 EURATOM as follows:
Člen 30, Pogodba Euratom
Article 30 EURATOM
V Skupnosti se določijo temeljni standardi za varovanje zdravja delavcev in prebivalstva pred nevarnostmi, ki izvirajo iz ionizirajočih sevanj.
Basic standards shall be laid down within the Community for the protection of the health of workers and the general public against the dangers arising from ionizing radiations.
Izraz „temeljni standardi“ pomeni:
The expression ‘basic standards’ means:
a) najvišje dovoljene doze, ki še zagotavljajo ustrezno varnost;
a. maximum permissible doses compatible with adequate safety;
b) največjo dovoljeno izpostavljenost in kontaminacijo,
b. maximum permissible levels of exposure and contamination;
c) temeljna načela, ki urejajo zdravstveni nadzor delavcev.
c. the fundamental principles governing the health surveillance of workers.
Treba je opozoriti, da so te določbe vsebovane v Poglavju III Varovanje zdravja pod Naslovom dve Pogodbe Euratom.
It should be noted that these provisions are located in Chapter 3 of Title II of the EURATOM Treaty, Health and Safety .
Predlagano je bilo, da se člen 175(1) Pogodbe o ES doda kot pravna podlaga:
The suggestion has been made that Article 175(1) EC be added as a legal basis:
Člen 174, na katerega se sklicuje člen 175, določa naslednje:
Article 174, to which Article 175(1) refers, provides as follows:
­ ohranjanju, varstvu in izboljšanju kakovosti okolja;
— preserving, protecting and improving the quality of the environment,
­ varovanje človekovega zdravja;
— protecting human health,
­ skrbni in preudarni rabi naravnih virov;
— prudent and rational utilisation of natural resources,
­ spodbujanju ukrepov na mednarodni ravni za reševanje regionalnih ali globalnih okoljskih problemov.
— promoting measures at international level to deal with regional or worldwide environmental problems.
­ razpoložljive znanstvene in tehnične podatke;
— available scientific and technical data,
­ okoljske razmere v različnih regijah Skupnosti;
— environmental conditions in the various regions of the Community,
­ možne koristi in stroške ukrepanja ali neukrepanja;
— the potential benefits and costs of action or lack of action,
­ gospodarski in socialni razvoj Skupnosti kot celote in uravnotežen razvoj njenih regij.
— the economic and social development of the Community as a whole and the balanced development of its regions.
Prejšnji pododstavek ne posega v pristojnost držav članic glede pogajanj v mednarodnih organih in glede sklepanja mednarodnih sporazumov.
The previous subparagraph shall be without prejudice to Member States' competence to negotiate in international bodies and to conclude international agreements.
Člen 203, Pogodba Euratom
Article 203 EURATOM
Če se izkaže, da je zaradi doseganja enega od ciljev potrebno ukrepanje Skupnosti, ta pogodba pa ne predvideva potrebnih pooblastil, Svet na predlog Komisije in po posvetovanju z Evropskim parlamentom soglasno sprejme ustrezne ukrepe.
If action by the Community should prove necessary to attain one of the objectives of the Community and this Treaty has not provided the necessary powers, the Council shall, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament, take the appropriate measures.
Osnove razčlembe
Bases for the analysis
Treba je pojasniti, zakaj je izbira pravne podlage pomembna.
It is important to make it clear why the choice of legal basis is important.
Po eni strani, kot je poudarilo Sodišče, je izbira pomembna „z ustavnega vidika”
On the one hand, as the Court of Justice has pointed out, this choice is of "constitutional significance"
Poenostavljeno to pomeni, da lahko Skupnost ukrepa samo, kadar je za to pristojna po ustanovnih pogodbah.
In plain terms, this means that the Community can act only where the founding Treaties empower it to do so.
Po drugi strani pa nastopijo težave, kadar ni pravne podlage, ki bi zajemala ukrepe Skupnosti (ko ni „zadostne pristojnosti“), ali kadar se zaradi spremembe pravne podlage spremeni postopek sprejemanja zakonodaje.
On the other hand, there is the problem where there is no legal basis capable of covering the Community action (where there is not "sufficient competence") or where changing the legal basis results in a change in the procedure for adoption.
Zgovoren primer je mnenje generalnega pravobranilca Jacobsa v zadevi C-314/99 Nizozemska proti Komisiji
An eloquent example can be found in the Opinion of Advocate General Jacobs Case C-314/99 Netherlands v. Commission
[ 2002] ECR I-5521. , ko bi sprememba pravne podlage pomenila, da bi bilo treba akt sprejeti po drugačnem postopku kot je bil tisti, po katerem je bil dejansko sprejet.
[ 2002] ECR I-5521. , where the change in the legal basis would have meant that the act would have had to have been adopted using a different procedure than the one by which it was actually adopted.
Kot je pravna služba Parlamenta poudarila tudi v primeru British American Tobacco
In such a case, as Parliament's Legal Service also pointed out in the British American Tobacco case
Zato je Sodišče objavilo enotna merila, ki jih je treba pri ugotavljanju primernosti pravne podlage upoštevati:
It is for these reasons that the Court of Justice set forth a consistent set of criteria that have to be borne in mind when considering the appropriateness of a given legal basis:
(1) Izbira pravne podlage za ukrep mora temeljiti na objektivnih, sodno preverljivih dejavnikih.
(1) The choice of the legal basis for a measure must rest on objective factors which are amenable to judicial review.
(2) Ti dejavniki vključujejo zlasti cilj in vsebino ukrepa.
(2) Those factors include in particular the aim and the content of the measure.
(3) Želja neke institucije, da bi močneje sodelovati pri sprejemanju nekega ukrepa, iz drugih razlogov opravljeno delo na področju dejavnosti, ki jo zajema ukrep, ter okoliščine, v katerih je bil ukrep sprejet, niso pomembni
(3) The fact that an institution wishes to participate more fully in the adoption of a given measure, the work carried out in other respects in the sphere of action covered by the measure and the context in which the measure was adopted are irrelevant
Cilj in vsebina predlagane zakonodaje
Aim and content of the proposed legislation