natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
ES 1, študija o prenosu, ki jo je naročil preiskovalni odbor. letnih poročil Ministrstva za trgovino in industrijo kaže, da je najpogostejši razlog, na podlagi katerega je ministrstvo izvajalo svoja pooblastila, dejstvo, da je bila družba nedavno pooblaščena (tj. v zadnjih petih letih) ali da je bil spremenjen nadzor (prav tako v zadnjih petih letih).
ES 1, Study on transposition commissioned by the EQUI committee. of the DTI’s annual reports notes that the most common ground on the basis of which the Secretary of State had exercised his powers was that a company was newly authorised (i.e., within the last five years) or that there had been a change of control (again, within the last five years).
Le v nekaj primerih na leto je ministrstvo izvajalo svoja pooblastila na podlagi drugih razlogov.
Only in a handful of cases each year did the Secretary of State exercise his powers on other grounds.
Na to pomanjkanje proaktivnosti kljub ustreznim pooblastilom je opozoril tudi Charles THOMSON, sedanji izvršni direktor družbe ELAS, ko je v H2 izjavil, „ da so imeli zakonodajalci v Združenem kraljestvu več let široka pooblastila za postavljanje vprašanj v zvezi z družbami ter precejšnja pooblastila za poseganje v izrednih primerih [...].
This lack of pro-activeness, despite having the adequate powers, was also referred to by Charles THOMSON, current CEO of ELAS, when he declared in H2 that " for many years the Regulators in the UK had very extensive powers to raise questions with companies and considerable powers to intervene in exceptional cases [...].
Skratka, menim, da so imeli zadevni zakonodajalci v Združenem kraljestvu pred spremembami, ki so bile uvedene kot posledica konsolidirane direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju, in po njih zadostna pooblastila za učinkovito pravno ureditev “.
In short, my view is that the relevant regulators in the UK , both before and after the changes made as a consequence of the consolidated life directive, had sufficient powers to regulate effectively. "
LAKE v H1 prav tako podpira to stališče s trditvijo, da „ razumna pričakovanja zavarovancev v zakonodaji Združenega kraljestva ščitijo pristojni organi “ ter da Združeno kraljestvo „ ni izvajalo zakonskih zahtev, ki organom omogočajo spremljanje izvajanja svoje zakonodaje v zvezi z razumnimi pričakovanji zavarovancev “, čeprav bi bilo to ustrezno in potrebno, s čimer sta bila verjetno kršeni oblika in vsebina člena 10.
Mr. LAKE in H1 also supports this view by claiming that "in UK law the PRE have the protection of the competent authorities" and that the UK "did not implement the legal requirements to enable the authorities to monitor the application of its own law in respect of PRE", despite it being appropriate and necessary, thus possibly breaching the letter and spirit of Article 10.
Poseben razlog, zakaj razumna pričakovanja zavarovancev niso bila upoštevana, je povezan z minimalnim kapitalom (za podrobnosti glej oddelek o členu 25, minimalni kapital).
One specific reason why PRE were not respected is related to the solvency margin (for more detail, see section on Article 25, Solvency margin).
Utemeljitev je naslednja: zakonodajalec je družbi ELAS omogočil, da izpolni zahteve glede solventnosti, kljub dvomljivemu finančnemu položaju, v katerem je bila družba.
The argument goes as follows: the regulator allowed ELAS to fulfil its solvency requirements, despite the dubious financial situation in which the company found itself.
To je pravzaprav enako kot prikrivanje resničnega finančnega položaja družbe ELAS zavarovancem in ogrožanje prihodnje finančne sposobnosti družbe.
This is, in effect, tantamount to hiding the true financial situation of ELAS from policyholders and endangering the company’s future financial viability.
Zato so bila razumna pričakovanja zavarovancev ogrožena in to bi pomenilo, da so zakonodajalci Združenega kraljestva sprejeli ukrepe, ki niso bili „ ustrezni in potrebni za preprečevanje ali odpravo vseh nepravilnosti, ki ogrožajo interese zavarovancev ”, in niso zagotovili, da bi bilo poslovanje skladno z zakonodajo Združenega kraljestva, tj. razumnimi pričakovanji zavarovancev.
Consequently, PRE were put at risk and thus it would follow that UK regulators took measures that were not “ appropriate and necessary to prevent or remedy any irregularities prejudicial to the interests of the assured persons” and ensure that the business complied with UK law, i.e., PRE.
To lahko pomeni kršitev člena 10 (razumna pričakovanja zavarovancev) prek morebitne kršitve člena 25 (minimalni kapital).
This raises the possibility of a breach of Article 10 (PRE) via a possible breach of Article 25 (solvency margin).
Člen 18 – Oblikovanje zavarovalno-tehničnih rezervacij (člen 17 prve direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju in člen 20 kodificirane direktive)
Article 18 - Establishment of technical provisions (Articles 17 of 1LD and 20 of CD)
Ta člen obravnava zahtevo vsake zavarovalnice, da ustvari zadostne zavarovalno-tehnične rezervacije za vse svoje poslovanje.
This article deals with the requirement of every assurance company to establish sufficient technical provisions in respect of its entire business.
Prav tako določa pravila za izračun zavarovalno-tehničnih rezervacij z določitvijo številnih načel, ki pozivajo k „smotrni zavarovalno-tehnični oceni pričakovanj“ in smotrni obrestni meri, kar zakonodajalca domače države članice obvezuje, da določi eno najvišjo obrestno mero ali več.
It also provides for rules for the calculation of the technical reserves, establishing a number of principles, which call for a “prudent prospective actuarial valuation” and for a prudent rate of interest, placing on the home Member State regulator the obligation to fix one or more maximum rates of interest.
Osnove in metode, ki se uporabljajo pri izračunavanju zavarovalno-tehničnih rezervacij, morajo biti na voljo javnosti.
The bases and methods used in the calculation of technical provisions must be made available to the public.
Razen tega morajo biti zavarovalno-tehnične rezervacije krite z ustreznimi naložbami.
Furthermore, all technical provisions must be covered by matching assets.
Prav tako zahteva, da morajo biti te naložbe v Skupnosti.
It also imposes an obligation to localise those assets within the Community.
Člen 17 Direktive 79/267/EGS se nadomesti z:
Article 17 of Directive 79/267/EEC shall be replaced by the following:
„Člen 17
'Article 17
Domača država članica od vsake zavarovalnice zahteva, da oblikuje zadostne zavarovalno-tehnične rezervacije, vključno z matematičnimi rezervacijami glede vseh svojih poslov.
The home Member State shall require every assurance undertaking to establish sufficient technical provisions, including mathematical provisions, in respect of its entire business.
Znesek takšnih zavarovalno-tehničnih rezervacij se določi v skladu z naslednjimi načeli:
The amount of such technical provisions shall be determined according to the following principles:
A. (i) znesek zavarovalno-tehničnih rezervacij življenjskega zavarovanja se izračuna po dovolj smotrni zavarovalno-tehnični oceni pričakovanj, ob upoštevanju vseh prihodnjih obveznosti, kakor jih določajo zavarovalni pogoji za vsako obstoječo pogodbo, vključno z:
A. (i) The amount of the technical life-assurance provisions shall be calculated by a sufficiently prudent prospective actuarial valuation, taking account of all future liabilities as determined by the policy conditions for each existing contract, including:
– vsemi zagotovljenimi prejemki, vključno z zagotovljenimi odkupnimi vrednostmi,
- all guaranteed benefits, including guaranteed surrender values,
– bonusi, do katerih so zavarovalci že skupinsko ali posamezno upravičeni, ne glede na to, kako so ti bonusi opisani – podeljeni, priznani ali dodeljeni,
-bonuses to which policy-holders are already either collectively or individually entitled, however those bonuses are described - vested, declared or allotted,
– vsemi možnostmi, ki jih imajo zavarovalci na podlagi pogodbenih pogojev,
- all options available to the policy-holder under the terms of the contract,
– stroški, vključno s provizijami;
- expenses, including commissions;
– in z upoštevanjem prihodnjih zapadlih premij;
-taking credit for future premiums due;
(ii) dovoljena je uporaba retrospektivne metode, če se lahko prikaže, da nastale zavarovalno-tehnične rezervacije niso nižje, kakor bi se zahtevale po izračunu dovolj smotrnih pričakovanj, ali če se perspektivna metoda ne more uporabljati za to vrsto vključene pogodbe;
(ii) the use of a retrospective method is allowed, if it can be shown that the resulting technical provisions are not lower than would be required under a sufficiently prudent prospective calculation or if a prospective method cannot be used for the type of contract involved;
(iii) smotrno vrednotenje ni vrednotenje „najboljše ocene“, ampak mora vključevati ustrezno mejo za neugoden odmik ustreznih faktorjev;
(iii) a prudent valuation is not a "best estimate" valuation, but shall include an appropriate margin for adverse deviation of the relevant factors;
(iv) ne samo, da mora biti metoda vrednotenja smotrna sama po sebi, ampak mora biti taka tudi ob upoštevanju metode vrednotenja za sredstva, ki krijejo te rezervacije;
(iv) the method of valuation for the technical provisions must not only be prudent in itself, but must also be so having regard to the method of valuation for the assets covering those provisions;
(v) zavarovalno-tehnične rezervacije se izračunajo ločeno za vsako pogodbo.
(v) technical provisions shall be calculated separately for each contract.
Dovoljena je uporaba ustreznih približevanj ali posploševanj, ko je verjetno, da bodo rezultati približno isti kakor pri posameznih izračunih.
The use of appropriate approximations or generalizations is allowed, however, where they are likely to give approximately the same result as individual calculations.
Načelo ločenega izračunavanja na noben način ne preprečuje oblikovanja dodatnih rezervacij za splošne nevarnosti, ki niso individualizirane;
The principle of separate calculation shall in no way prevent the establishment of additional provisions for general risks which are not individualized;
Obrestna mera, ki se bo uporabljala, mora biti izbrana preudarno.
B. The rate of interest used shall be chosen prudently.
Določena mora biti v skladu s pravili pristojnega organa v domači državi članici, ob uporabi naslednjih načel:
It shall be determined in accordance with the rules of the competent authority in the home Member State , applying the following principles:
(a) za vse pogodbe pristojni organ domače države članice zavarovalnice določi eno najvišjo obrestno mero ali več, zlasti v skladu z naslednjimi pravili:
(a) for all contracts, the competent authority of the undertaking's home Member State shall fix one or more maximum rates of interest, in particular in accordance with the following rules:
(i) ko pogodbe vsebujejo zajamčeno obrestno mero, pristojni organ v domači državi članici določi eno samo najvišjo obrestno mero.
(i) when contracts contain an interest rate guarantee, the competent authority in the home Member State shall set a single maximum rate of interest.
Lahko se razlikuje glede na valuto, v kateri je izražena pogodba, pod pogojem, da ne dosega več kakor 60 % mere na izdaje obveznic države, v katere valuti je pogodba izražena.
It may differ according to the currency in which the contract is denominated, provided that it is not more than 60 % of the rate on bond issues by the State in whose currency the contract is denominated.
Če je pogodba izražena v ekujih, to mejo določijo institucije Skupnosti glede na izdaje, izražene v ekujih.
In the case of a contract denominated in ecus, this limit shall be set by reference to ecu-denominated issues by the Community institutions.
Če država članica na podlagi drugega stavka prvega pododstavka odloči, da bo določila najvišjo obrestno mero za pogodbe, izražene v valuti druge države članice, se mora najprej posvetovati s pristojnim organom države članice, v katere valuti je pogodba izražena;
If a Member State decides, pursuant to the second sentence of the preceding paragraph, to set a maximum rate of interest for contracts denominated in another Member State's currency, it shall first consult the competent authority of the Member State in whose currency the contract is denominated;
(ii) ko pa se naložbe zavarovalnice ne vrednotijo pa nakupni ceni, lahko država članica navede, da se lahko ena najvišja mera ali več izračuna ob upoštevanju donosa ustreznih naložb, ki jih trenutno ima, z odbitkom smotrne razlike, ter, zlasti za pogodbe s premijami, ki se plačujejo v obrokih, tudi ob upoštevanju pričakovanega donosa prihodnjih naložb.
(ii) however, when the assets of the undertaking are not valued at their purchase price, a Member State may stipulate that one or more maximum rates may be calculated taking into account the yield on the corresponding assets currently held, minus a prudential margin and, in particular for contracts with periodic premiums, furthermore taking into account the anticipated yield on future assets.
Smotrno razliko in največjo obrestno mero ali mere, ki se uporabi za pričakovan donos prihodnjih naložb, določi pristojni organ domače države članice;
The prudential margin and the maximum rate or rates of interest applied to the anticipated yield on future assets shall be fixed by the competent authority of the home Member State;
(b) določitev najvišje obrestne mere ne pomeni, da je zavarovalnica dolžna uporabljati tako visoko obrestno mero;
(b) the establishment of a maximum rate of interest shall not imply that the undertaking is bound to use a rate as high as that;
(c) domača država članica lahko odloči, da ne bo uporabljala odstavka (a) za naslednje kategorije pogodb:
(c) the home Member State may decide not to apply (a) to the following categories of contracts:
– pogodbe, povezane z enotami;
- unit-linked contracts,
– pogodbe z eno samo premijo za obdobje do največ osem let,
- single-premium contracts for a period of up to eight years,
– pogodbe brez dobička in rentne pogodbe brez odkupne vrednosti.
- without-profits contracts, and annuity contracts with no surrender value.
V primerih iz druge in tretje alinee prvega pododstavka se lahko pri izbiranju smotrne obrestne mere upošteva valuta, v kateri je pogodba izražena, in ustrezno imetje naložb, ki jih trenutno ima, in kadar se naložbe podjetja vrednotijo po trenutni vrednosti, pričakovani donos prihodnjih naložb.
In the cases referred to in the last two indents of the first subparagraph, in choosing a prudent rate of interest, account may be taken of the currency in which the contract is denominated and corresponding assets currently held and where the undertaking's assets are valued at their current value, the anticipated yield on future assets.
V nobenih okoliščinah obrestna mera ne sme biti višja od donosa naložb, kakor je izračunan v skladu z računovodskimi pravili v domači državi članici, z ustreznim odbitkom;
Under no circumstances may the rate of interest used be higher than the yield on assets as calculated in accordance with the accounting rules in the home Member State , less an appropriate deduction;
(d) država članica zahteva, da zavarovalnica v svojih izkazih nameni rezervacijo za izpolnjevanje obveznosti obrestnih mer do zavarovalcev, če sedanji ali predvideni donos naložb ne zadostuje za kritje teh obveznosti;
(d) the Member State shall require an undertaking to set aside in its accounts a provision to meet interest-rate commitments vis-à-vis policy-holders if the present or foreseeable yield on the undertaking's assets is insufficient to cover those commitments;
(e) Komisija in pristojni organi držav članic, ki tako zahtevajo, so uradno obveščeni o najvišjih obrestnih merah, določenih v skladu z (a).
(e) the Commission and the competent authorities of the Member States which so request shall be notified of the maximum rates of interest set under (a).
Vendar celotno nadomestilo, implicitno ali eksplicitno, ne sme biti nižje od smotrne ocene ustreznih prihodnjih stroškov.
However, the overall allowance, implicit or explicit, shall be not less than a prudent estimate of the relevant future expenses.
F. metoda izračunavanja zavarovalno-tehničnih rezervacij se ne sme od enega leta do drugega prekiniti zaradi samovoljnih sprememb metode ali osnov izračunavanja in mora biti takšna, da upošteva ustrezno porazdelitev dobička v času trajanja vsake police.
F. The method of calculation of technical provisions shall not be subject to discontinuities from year to year arising from arbitrary changes to the method or the bases of calculation and shall be such as to recognize the distribution of profits in an appropriate way over the duration of each policy.
Zavarovalnice dajo javnosti na voljo osnove in metode, ki se uporabljajo pri izračunavanju zavarovalno-tehničnih rezervacij, vključno z rezervacijami za bonuse.
Assurance undertakings shall make available to the public the bases and methods used in the calculation of the technical provisions, including provisions for bonuses.
Domača država članica od vsake zavarovalnice zahteva, da krije zavarovalno-tehnične rezervacije glede vseh svojih poslov z usklajenimi naložbami v skladu s členom 24 Direktive št. 92/96/EGS.
The home Member State shall require every assurance undertaking to cover the technical provisions in respect of its entire business by matching assets, in accordance with Article 24 of Directive 92/96/EEC.
Glede poslov, sklenjenih v Skupnosti, morajo biti te naložbe v Skupnosti.
In respect of business written in the Community, these assets must be localized within the Community.
Države članice ne smejo zahtevati, da imajo zavarovalnice svoje naložbe v določeni državi članici.
Member States shall not require assurance undertakings to localize their assets in a particular Member State .
Domača država članica pa lahko dovoli milejše predpise o lokalizaciji naložb.
The home Member State may, however, permit relaxations in the rules on the localization of assets.
Če domača država članica dovoljuje, da so zavarovalno-tehnične rezervacije pokrite z zahtevki do pozavarovateljev, mora določiti tako dovoljen odstotek.
If the home Member State allows any technical provisions to be covered by claims against reassurers, it shall fix the percentage so allowed.
V takem primeru ni nujno, da zahteva lokalizacijo naložb, ki pokrivajo take zahtevke.
In such case, it may not require the localization of the assets representing such claims.'
Obveznosti domače države članice/tuje države članice : nadzorna pooblastila pristojnih organov domače države članice morajo zajemati vse posle podjetij, ustanovljenih na njenem ozemlju.
Home/host Member State obligations : the supervisory powers of the competent authorities of the home Member State need to cover the “entire business” of the companies established in their territory.
Na ravni Združenega kraljestva so se nadzorna pooblastila ministrstva nad vsemi posli podjetji, ustanovljenih v Združenem kraljestvu – ki se opravljajo v Združenem kraljestvu ali zunaj njega – razširila s Predpisi o zavarovalnicah (sprememba) iz leta 1994.
At UK level, the expansion of the supervisory powers of the Secretary of State over companies established in the UK over their entire business – within and outside the UK – was implemented by the Insurance Companies (Amendment) Regulations 1994.
Predpis št. 4 iz teh predpisov spreminja oddelek 15 Zakona o zavarovalnicah iz leta 1982, ki določa področje uporabe dela II – Ureditev zavarovalnic.
Regulation 4 of these regulations amends section 15 of the ICA 1982, which determines the scope of application of Part II – Regulation of Insurance Companies.
Predpis 4 določa uporabo dela II zakona, med drugim za „vsa podjetja Združenega kraljestva, ki poslujejo v državi članici, ki ni Združeno kraljestvo“.
Regulation 4 prescribes that Part II of the Act applies, amongst other things, to “all UK companies which carry on business in a Member State other than the United Kingdom ”.
Nadzorna pooblastila ministrstva so se omejila tudi s Predpisi o zavarovalnicah (direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju) iz leta 1994.
The limitation of the supervisory powers of the Secretary of State was also implemented by the Insurance Companies (Third Insurance Directives) Regulations 1994.
Predpis iz 13 direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju je vstavil odstavek 1A v oddelek 15 Zakona o zavarovalnicah iz leta 1982, ki v osnovi izključuje podjetja ES iz uporabe dela II Zakona o zavarovalnicah, če te zavarovalnice zavarovalniške posle opravljajo prek podružnice in so izpolnjevale zahteve, določene v delu I Priloge 2F k zakonu.
Regulation 13 of the Third Insurance Directives inserted paragraph 1A to section 15 of the ICA 1982, which basically excludes EC companies from the application of Part II of the Insurance Companies Act in so far as those companies are carrying on insurance business through a branch and have complied with the requirements specified in Part I of Schedule 2F to the Act.
Predpis 45 iz tretje direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju je vstavil Prilogo 2F v Zakon o zavarovalnicah iz leta 1982.
Regulation 45 of the 3LD inserted Schedule 2F to the ICA 1982.
Ta priloga je osrednji predpis v smislu opredelitve pravic in obveznosti nadzornih organov Združenega kraljestva v zvezi s podjetji ES, ki opravljajo dejavnosti v Združenem kraljestvu prek podružnice ali izvajajo čezmejne storitve.
This Schedule is the core regulation in terms of the definition of the rights and obligations of the UK supervisory authorities with respect to EC companies that carry out activities in the UK either via a branch or via the provision of cross border services.
Podrobneje, predpisa 15 in 16 spreminjata oddelke 34 in 35 Zakona o zavarovalnicah iz leta 1982 in zakonito omejujeta pooblastilo ministrstva za nadzor nad vrednostjo, naravo in lokacijo naložb podjetij ES, ki poslujejo na njenem ozemlju.
More specifically, Regulations 15 and 16 modify sections 34 and 35 of the ICA 1982, rightly limiting the Secretary of State’s power to control the value, nature and localisation of the assets of the EC companies operating in their territory.
Pravila za izračun zavarovalno-tehničnih rezervacij: Pravila Združenega kraljestva o vrednotenju dolgoročnih obveznosti so določena v Predpisih o zavarovalnicah iz leta 1994.
Rules on the calculation of technical provisions : UK rules on the valuation of long-term liabilities are set out by the Insurance Companies Regulations 1994.
Glavna načela za vrednotenje višine obveznosti so določena v predpisu 64, ki določa naslednje: „Višina dolgoročnih obveznosti (razen obveznosti, katerih datum plačila je zapadel pred datumom vrednotenja) se določi po aktuarskih načelih, ki ustrezno upoštevajo razumna pričakovanja zavarovancev, prav tako ustrezno obravnavajo vse odgovornosti v zvezi s smotrnimi predpostavkami, ki vključujejo ustrezne meje za neugoden odmik zadevnih faktorjev.
The main principles for valuing the amount of the liabilities are set out in Regulation 64, which provides as follows: “The determination of the amount of long-term liabilities (other than liabilities which have fallen due for payment before the valuation date) shall be made on actuarial principles which have due regard to the reasonable expectations of policy holders and shall make proper provision for all liabilities on prudent assumptions that shall include appropriate margins for adverse deviation of the relevant factors.
Pri določitvi se upoštevajo vse možne obveznosti, kot določajo pogoji police za vsako veljavno pogodbo, pri čemer se upoštevajo premije, plačljive po datumu vrednotenja.
The determination shall take account of all prospective liabilities as determined by the policy conditions for each existing contract, taking credit for premiums payable after the valuation date.