natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Stalna preiskava parlamentarne varuhinje človekovih in bolnikovih pravic v Združenem kraljestvu mora tudi ugotoviti, ali je bil ustrezni regulativni sistem Združenega kraljestva ustrezno upravljan.
An ongoing investigation by the UK Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman (PO) should also determine whether the relevant UK regulatory regime was properly administered.
Prvo poročilo parlamentarne varuhinje človekovih pravic Združenega kraljestva, objavljeno junija 2003, je bonitetne zakonodajalce odvezovalo krivde slabega upravljanja v obdobju 1999–2000 in odločilo, da vlagateljem ni treba plačati odškodnine.
The first report by the UK Parliamentary Ombudsman, published in June 2003, did not find prudential regulators guilty of maladministration in the period 1999-2000 and ruled that no compensation was due to investors.
Drugo poročilo je razširilo časovno obdobje, ki ga pokriva preiskava, in v področje uporabe vključilo vladni oddelek za zavarovalniško statistiko.
The second report extended the time period covered by the investigation and included the GAD in its scope.
Drugo poročilo parlamentarne varuhinje Združenega kraljestva o družbi Equitable Life bi moralo biti objavljeno jeseni leta 2006, vendar se je njegova objava prestavila na maj 2007, zato njegovih ugotovitev ni bilo mogoče vključiti v to poročilo.
The publication of the 2nd UK Parliamentary Ombudsman's report on Equitable Life, originally due for autumn 2006, has been delayed until May 2007 and its findings could therefore not be included in this report.
V pismu poslancem 16. oktobra 2006 (po naključju je delegacija preiskovalnega odbora istega dne obiskala London) je varuhinja napisala: „postalo je jasno, da nismo prejeli dokazov, ki naj bi bili potencialno pomembni za zadeve v preiskavi ...
In her letter to MPs on 16 October 2006 (coincidently, the same day of the EQUI delegation visit to London), the Ombudsman wrote: 'it became clear that evidence that appeared to be of potential relevance to the matters under investigation had not been disclosed to us...
Te dokaze smo prejeli julija in avgusta 2006“ (Priloga k WE-FILE19).
We received this evidence in July and August 2006 ' (Annex to WE-FILE19).
Določbe zakonodaje Skupnosti
I. Community Law Provisions
Vloga in odgovornosti zakonodajalcev na področju življenjskega zavarovanja pri nadzoru zavarovalnic so določene v členih 8, 9 in 10 tretje direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju
The role and responsibility of life insurance regulators with regard to the supervision of assurance undertakings is codified in Articles 8 to 10 of the Third Life Directive (3LD)
Glej tudi člene 10–13 kodificirane Direktive 2002/83/ES, UL L 345, 19.12.2002. , ki spreminjajo člene 15, 16 in 23 prve direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju
see also art.10-13 of the Codified Life Directive 2002/83/EC (CLD), OJ L 345 of 19.12.2002. amending Articles 15, 16 and 23 of the First Life Directive (1LD)
Direktiva 79/267/EGS z dne 5. marca 1979, UL L 63, 13.3.1979. .
Directive 79/267/EEC of 5 March 1979, OJ L 63 of 13.3.1979. .
Pravila v zvezi z zavarovalno-tehničnimi rezervacijami in njihovo zastopanostjo v zavarovalnicah (vključno z minimalnim kapitalom) so določena v členih 18 do 27 tretje direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju, ki spreminjajo člene 17 do 21 prve direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju
Rules relating to technical provisions and their representation by assurance undertakings (including solvency margins) are codified in Articles 18 to 27 of 3LD amending Articles 17 to 21 of 1LD
Glej tudi člene 20 do 31 kodificirane direktive. .
see also art.20-31 CLD. .
Določbe o pravilih poslovanja, vključno s pogodbenim pravom, pogoji zavarovanja itd., so navedene v členih 28 do 31 tretje direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju in Prilogi II poleg določb iz členov 4 in 15 druge direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju
Provisions affecting the Conduct of Business rules (COB), including contract law, conditions of assurance etc., are codified in Articles 28 to 31 and Annex II of 3LD in addition to provisions of Articles 4 and 15 of the Second Life Directive (2LD)
Direktiva 90/619/EGS z dne 8.11.1990, UL L 330, 29.11.1990, glej tudi člene 32–36 in Prilogo III kodificirane direktive. .
Directive 90/619/EEC of 8.11.1990, OJ L 330 of 29.11.1990, see also art.32-36 and Annex III CLD. .
Določbe o zavarovalnicah v težavah so v odstavkih 2 do 4 člena 24 (prva direktiva o življenjskem zavarovanju)
Finally, provisions applying to assurance undertakings in difficulty were codified in Article 24 paragraphs 2 to 4 (1LD)
Tretja direktiva o življenjskem zavarovanju tako določa oblikovanje enotnega trga za zavarovalne produkte v EU/EGP, ki bo temeljil na pravilu, da je bonitetni sistem vsake države članice prepoznan kot enak s strani drugih držav članic in lahko zavarovalnico, ki jo ureja ena država članica in prodaja produkte na notranjem trgu, tuji regulativni organi štejejo kot zadostno solventno, da lahko prodaja svoje produkte v drugo državo članico, ne da bi ji bilo tam treba izpolnjevati dodatne zahteve o solventnosti.
The Third Life Directive thus provides for the creation of a single market in the EU/EEA for insurance products, based on the rule that the prudential regime in each Member State is recognized as equivalent by other Member States, and an insurance company regulated in one Member State and selling its products across the internal market, can be deemed by host regulatory authorities to have sufficient solvency to sell its products into other Member States, without having to meet there any additional solvency requirements.
Direktive so v nasprotju z uredbami zavezujoče glede cilja, ki ga je treba doseči, vendar je izbor oblike in načina izvajanja prepuščen nacionalnim organom
By contrast to regulations, directives are binding as to the result to be achieved but leave to the national authorities the choice of form and methods for their implementation
Glej člen 249 Pogodbe ES. .
see art.249 EC Treaty. .
Države članice so morale tretjo direktivo o življenjskem zavarovanju prenesti do 31. decembra 1993 in jo začeti uporabljati najpozneje 1. julija 1994.
The Third Life Directive had to be transposed by Member States by 31 December 1993 and applied at the latest by 1 July 1994.
Organi Združenega kraljestva so Komisijo o prenosu tretje direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju v zakonodajo Združenega kraljestva uradno obvestili 29. junija 1994 in potrdili njen začetek veljavnosti 1. julija 1994
The formal notification by the UK authorities to the Commission having transposed the 3LD into UK law was on 29 June 1994, confirming its entry into force on 1st July 1994
ES-1 navaja, da „je Združeno kraljestvo izbralo posamezni in posredni pristop, namenjen prilagajanju svojega zapletenega in visoko razvitega regulativnega sistema načelom in standardom direktiv.
ES-1 stated that " the UK opted for a piecemeal and indirect approach aimed at adjusting its already complex and sophisticated regulatory system with the principles and standards of the directives.
Španija in Irska sta v nasprotju s tem izbrali bolj mehansko in skupinsko pot, ki temelji na prenosu direktive v domač zakonski sistem prek sprejetja enotnega zakonskega akta, ki je dejansko povzel strukturo in besedilo direktive.
By contrast, Spain and Ireland opted for a more mechanical and consolidated path based on the importation of the Directive into the domestic legal system through the adoption of a single legislative act, which basically reproduced the structure and text of the Directive.
Načeloma so takšne različne vrste prenosa v skladu z zakonodajo Skupnosti, vendar svoboda pri izbiri metod in oblik držav članic ne odvezuje zavezujočega učinka direktive „glede ciljev, ki jih je treba doseči.“ .
In principle... such different forms of transposition are compatible with Community law, (but) the freedom of choice on the methods and forms does not exempt Member States from the binding effects of a directive “as to the results to be achieved”. .
Ta rok je pomemben pri obravnavi vloge zakonodajalcev Združenega kraljestva v zadevi Equitable Life, ker so njihove ukrepe v obdobju 1989–1993 (pregled aktuarskih poročil, bonitetni nadzor) ustrezno urejale določbe prve direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju (79/267/EGS).
This deadline is important when considering the role of UK regulators in the Equitable Life case, as their action in the years 1989-1993 (scrutiny of actuarial reports, prudential supervision) was accordingly ruled by provisions of the First Life Directive (79/267/EEC).
Sodbe Sodišča Evropskih skupnosti so stalno poudarjale namen direktive.
European Court of Justice (ECJ) rulings have repeatedly placed particular emphasis on the purpose of a directive.
Glej odstavek 15 iz zadeve C-14/83 Colson in Kaman in odstavek 27 iz zadeve C-62/00 Marks & Spencer proti Customs & Excise.
see cases C-14/83 von Colson and Kaman, para.15 and C-62/00 Marks & Spencer v Customs & Excise, para.27.
Ključno vprašanje v zvezi s tem je, ali je država članica sprejela vse potrebne ukrepe za zagotavljanje popolne učinkovitosti direktive v skladu z njenimi cilji .
Accordingly, the crucial issue is whether a Member State has adopted all the necessary measures to ensure the full effectiveness of the directive in accordance with the objective which the latter pursues.
Sodišče Evropskih skupnosti poudarja, da „morajo države članice zagotoviti popolno in učinkovito uporabo direktive, kar pomeni, da država članica le s sprejetjem potrebnih izvedbenih ukrepov še ni izpolnila obveznosti prenosa.
As stressed by the ECJ " Member States are under an obligation to ensure the full and effective application of a directive, meaning that a Member State is not discharged of its transposition obligations merely by adopting the necessary implementing measures.
Države članice so k zagotavljanju popolne uporabe direktive zavezane tudi po sprejetju teh izvedbenih ukrepov , posamezniki pa lahko zato na nacionalnih sodiščih vložijo tožbo proti državi, kadar dejansko ni zagotovljena popolna uporaba direktive.
Member States remain bound to ensure full application of the directive even after the adoption of those implementing measures and individuals are therefore entitled to rely before national courts against the State whenever the full application of the directive is not in fact secured.
To velja ne le, kadar se direktiva ne izvaja ali se izvaja nepravilno, ampak tudi kadar se nacionalni ukrepi, ki pravilno izvajajo direktivo, ne uporabljajo tako, da bi se dosegli določeni cilji.
That is to say, not only where the directive has not been implemented or has been implemented incorrectly but also where the national measures correctly implementing the directive are not being applied in such a way as to achieve the result sought by it .
Poleg tega je Sodišče Evropskih skupnosti stalno poudarjalo, da so direktive zavezujoče za vse organe držav članic: ne le za zakonodajno telo, ampak tudi za upravne agencije, ki so odgovorne za vsako dnevno uporabo in izvajanje zakonodaje“ (ES-1, odst.
Further, the ECJ has repeatedly held that directives are binding on all the authorities of the Member States: not only the legislature but also the administrative agencies responsible for the day-to-day application and enforcement of the law... are bound. "
Člen 8 in 9 tretje direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju jasno določata pristojnosti in obseg odgovornosti držav članic za nadzor, vključno s primeri, ko zavarovalnica deluje v drugih državah članicah, in navajata, da „navedeni finančni nadzor celotnega poslovanja zavarovalnice vključuje preverjanje njene solventnosti, oblikovanja zavarovalno-tehničnih rezervacij, vključno z matematičnimi rezervacijami, ter sredstev, ki jih krijejo, v skladu z določenimi pravili ali praksami, ki veljajo v domači državi članici na podlagi predpisov, sprejetih na ravni Skupnosti“.
Articles 8 and 9 of 3LD clearly define the remit and extent of the Member States' supervising responsibility, including cases where the assurance company operates in other Member States, stating that "financial supervision shall include verification, with respect to the assurance undertaking's entire business, of its state of solvency, the establishment of technical provisions, including mathematical provisions, and of the assets covering them, in accordance with the rules laid down or practices followed in the home Member State pursuant to the provisions adopted at Community level."
Če ima družba operativno podružnico v drugi državi članici, „pristojni organi domače države članice zahtevajo, da vsaka zavarovalnica uporablja smotrne upravne in računovodske postopke ter ustrezne mehanizme notranjega nadzora“.
In the case of a company having established an operational branch in another Member State, " the competent authorities of the home Member State shall require every assurance undertaking to have sound administrative and accounting procedures and adequate internal control mechanisms."
Za namene nadzora, država članica podružnice predvidi, da ... pristojni organi domače države članice ... opravijo dejansko preverjanje informacij, potrebnih za omogočanje finančnega nadzora podjetja, bodisi sami bodisi s posredovanjem oseb, ki jih imenujejo .
For control purposes, " the Member State of the branch shall provide that... the competent authorities of the home Member State may... carry out themselves, or through the intermediary of persons they appoint... on-the-spot verification of the information necessary to ensure the financial supervision of the undertaking.
Organi države članice podružnice lahko sodelujejo v tem preverjanju“.
The authorities of the Member State of the branch may participate in that verification."
Domača država članica lahko zahteva sistematično uradno obveščanje o zavarovalno-tehničnih rezervacijah za bonitetni nadzor, vendar le za namene „preverjanja skladnosti z nacionalnimi predpisi v zvezi z zavarovalno-tehničnimi načeli, ne da bi ta zahteva predstavljala predpogoj za to, da bi zavarovalnica lahko opravljala njene posle“.
The home Member State may require systematic communication of technical provisions for prudential supervision, but only for the purpose of " verifying compliance with national provisions concerning actuarial principles, without that requirement constituting a prior condition for an assurance undertaking to carry on its business ."
Nadzor tako imenovanih pravil „poslovanja“ (tj. pogodbeni pogoji in prakse, ki vplivajo na stranke, ki sklepajo police) je drugo področje odgovornosti zakonodajalcev, ki jih imenujejo države članice.
The supervision of so-called "Conduct of Business" rules (i.e. contractual terms and practices affecting the consumer taking out a policy) is another field of responsibility of regulators appointed by Member States.
Člen 4 druge direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju določa, da „ je pravo, ki se uporabi za pogodbe ..., pravo države članice obveznosti.
Article 4 of 2LD rules that "the law applicable to contracts... shall be the law of the Member State of the commitment...
Države članice za zavarovalne pogodbe uporabljajo svoje splošne predpise mednarodnega zasebnega prava v zvezi s pogodbenimi obveznostmi“.
Member States shall apply to the assurance contracts their general rules of private international law concerning contractual obligations."
Obveznost ukrepanja zakonodajalca tuje države članice je tako omejena na primere, ki so v nasprotju „s predpisi, ki ščitijo javni interes
The obligation for the host country regulator to intervene is hence limited to cases conflicting " with legal provisions protecting the general good
Glej WE-CONF-26: „Pojem ‚javni interes‘ je izjema k temeljnim načelom Pogodbe v zvezi s prostim pretokom ...
see WE-CONF-26: " The concept of 'General Good' is an exception to the fundamental principles of the Treaty with regard to free movement...
Tretja direktiva o življenjskem zavarovanju izrecno ne določa, kaj je javni interes, vendar navaja več namigov o razlogih.“ (odst.
The 3LD does not explicitly spell out what the General Good is supposed to be... but gives various hints at the motives." (par.
3,4). v državi članici obveznosti“.
3.4). in the Member State of the commitment."
Kot ukrep varstva potrošnikov je treba zavarovancem omogočiti čas za odstop „v času od 14 do 30 dni od dneva, ko je bil obveščen o sklenitvi pogodbe“ (člen 15, druga direktiva o življenjskem zavarovanju).
As a measure of consumer protection, policy subscribers must be allowed a cancellation period of "between 14 and 30 days from the time when he/she had been informed that the contract had been concluded ."
Člen 10(2) tretje direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju določa vrsto informacij, ki se zahteva od zavarovalnic, in sicer navaja, da „države članice od zavarovalnice s sedežem na njihovem ozemlju zahtevajo, da redno predložijo poročila, skupaj s statističnimi dokumenti, ki so potrebni za nadzor.
Article10(2) of 3LD defines the type of information required from assurance undertakings, stating that "Member States shall require assurance undertakings with head offices within their territories to render periodically the returns, together with statistical documents, which are necessary for the purpose of supervision.
Pristojni organi si med seboj posredujejo dokumente in informacije, ki so koristni za izvajanje nadzora“.
The competent authorities shall provide each other with any documents and information that are useful for the purposes of supervision ."
Člen 10(3) tretje direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju opredeljuje instrumente, ki jih morajo države članice sprejeti za izvajanje teh nadzornih ukrepov, in sicer navaja, da „vsaka država članica sprejme vse ukrepe, potrebne za zagotovitev, da imajo pristojni organi pooblastila in sredstva, potrebna za nadzor nad posli zavarovalnic s sedežem na njihovih ozemljih, vključno s posli, ki jih opravljajo zunaj teh ozemelj, v skladu z direktivami Sveta, ki urejajo te dejavnosti, ter z namenom zagotavljanja njihove uporabe“.
Article 10(3) of 3LD defines the instruments Member States have to adopt to enable them to implement these supervisory measures, stating that "every Member State shall take all steps necessary to ensure that the competent authorities have the powers and means necessary for the supervision of the business of assurance undertakings with head offices within their territories, including business carried on outside those territories, in accordance with the Council directives governing those activities and for the purpose of seeing that they are implemented."
Člen 10(3) nadalje določa, da morajo „ta pooblastila in sredstva [...] pristojnim organom omogočati zlasti, da:
Article10(3) further specifies that " These powers and means must, in particular, enable the competent authorities to:
(a) se natančno seznanijo s stanjem zavarovalnice in vsemi njenimi posli, med drugim z zbiranjem informacij ali zahtevo po predložitvi dokumentov v zvezi s posli zavarovanja, opravljanjem pregledov na kraju samem v prostorih zavarovalnice;
(a) make detailed enquiries regarding the assurance undertaking's situation and the whole of its business, inter alia, by gathering information or requiring the submission of documents concerning its assurance business, carrying out on-the-spot investigations at the assurance undertaking's premises;
(b) sprejmejo kakršne koli ukrepe v zvezi z zavarovalnico, njenimi direktorji ali poslovodji ali osebami, ki jo nadzorujejo, ki so ustrezni in potrebni za zagotovitev, da dejavnosti podjetja ostanejo usklajene z zakoni in drugimi predpisi, v skladu s katerimi mora podjetje ravnati v vsaki državi članici, ter zlasti s poslovnim načrtom, če je ta še naprej obvezen, in da se preprečijo ali odpravijo vse nepravilnosti, ki ogrožajo interese zavarovancev;
(b) take any measures, with regard to the assurance undertaking, its directors or managers or the persons who control it, that are appropriate and necessary to ensure that the undertaking's business continues to comply with the laws, regulations and administrative provisions with which the undertaking must comply in each Member State and in particular with the scheme of operations in so far as it remains mandatory, and to prevent or remedy any irregularities prejudicial to the interests of the assured persons;
(c) zagotovijo, da se ti ukrepi izvršujejo, če je potrebno prisilno, in če je primerno tudi po sodni poti“.
(c) ensure that those measures are carried out, if need be by enforcement, where appropriate through judicial channels."
Vprašanje bonitetnega nadzora nad družbami s sedežem v tujini ureja člen 8 tretje direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju, ki jasno določa, da je „za finančni nadzor zavarovalnice, vključno s posli, ki jih opravlja preko podružnic ali iz naslova svobode opravljanja storitev, [...] pristojna izključno domača država članica“.
The question of prudential supervision of foreign-based companies is governed by Article 8 of 3LD, stating clearly that " the financial supervision of an assurance undertaking, including that of the business it carries on either through branches or under the freedom to provide services, shall be the sole responsibility of the home Member State ."
Dodaja, da „ če imajo pristojni organi države članice obveznosti razlog, da menijo, da bi dejavnosti zavarovalnice lahko vplivale na njeno finančno trdnost, obvestijo pristojne organe domače države članice zavarovalnice“.
It adds that "if the competent authorities of the Member State of the commitment have reason to consider that the activities of an assurance undertaking might affect its financial soundness, they shall inform the competent authorities of the undertaking's home Member State ."
Člen 18 tretje direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju določa, da „domača država članica od vsake zavarovalnice zahteva, da oblikuje zadostne zavarovalno-tehnične rezervacije, vključno z matematičnimi rezervacijami glede vseh svojih poslov“ , ki se določijo v skladu z dobro opredeljenimi načeli
Article 18 of 3LD states that " the Home Member State shall require every assurance undertaking to establish sufficient technical provisions, including mathematical provisions, in respect of its entire business" to be determined according to well defined principles
Zlasti člen 20 tretje direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju določa, da se „pri kritnem premoženju [...] upošteva vrsta posla, ki ga opravlja zavarovalnica na tak način, da zagotovi varnost, donosnost in tržnost naložb, za katere podjetje poskrbi, da so raznolike in ustrezno razpršene“.
In particular, Article 20 of 3LD stipulates that "the assets covering the technical provisions shall the account of the type of business carried on by an undertaking in such a way as to secure the safety, yield and marketability of its investments."
Vendar se je domnevalo, da je bilo treba izračun bonusov v zavarovalni pogodbi in njihov izravnalni učinek na police, ki je ključni dejavnik pri oceni delovanja družbe ELAS, „obravnavati kot zadevo zasebnega pogodbenega prava in ne kot del zakonodaje EU“
It was suggested, however, that the calculation of bonuses in insurance contracts and its 'smoothing effect' on policies - a key factor when assessing EL's operations - was " not deriving from EU law, but had to be considered rather a matter of private contract law"
Odstavki 2 do 4 iz člena 24 prve direktive o življenjskem zavarovanju navajajo, da „za namene ponovne vzpostavitve finančnega stanja zavarovalnice ... pristojni organ domače države članice zahteva, da mu v odobritev predloži načrt ponovne vzpostavitve dobrega finančnega stanja.
Article 24, paragraphs 2 to 4 of 1LD state that "f or the purposes of restoring the financial situation of an undertaking... the supervisory authority of the head-office Member State shall require a plan for the restoration of a sound financial position be submitted for its approval.
Če minimalni kapital pade pod zajamčeni kapital ..., pristojni organ sedeža države članice zahteva, da mu podjetje v odobritev predloži kratkoročni finančni načrt.
If the solvency margin falls below the guarantee fund ... the supervising authority of the head-office Member State shall require the undertaking to submit a short-term finance scheme for its approval...