natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
– načelo nepristranskosti, kar pomeni ukrepanje zgolj na temelju potreb, brez diskriminacije med ali v delih prizadetega prebivalstva;
- the principle of impartiality, meaning the implementation of actions solely on the basis of need, without discrimination between or within affected populations;
– načelo nevtralnosti, kar pomeni, da humanitarne akcije na območju, kjer se izvajajo, ne smejo podpirati nobene strani v oboroženem spopadu ali drugačnem sporu;
- the principle of neutrality, meaning that humanitarian action must not favour any side in an armed conflict or other dispute where such action is carried out;
– načelo neodvisnosti, kar pomeni, da morajo biti humanitarni cilji neodvisni od političnih, gospodarskih, vojaških ali drugih, ki bi jih lahko postavljali različni akterji v zvezi z območji, kjer se humanitarna akcija izvaja;
- the principle of independence, meaning the autonomy of humanitarian objectives from the political, economic, military or other objectives that any actor may hold with regard to areas where humanitarian action is being implemented;
poleg tega se je treba pri zagotavljanju humanitarne pomoči osredotočiti na:
In addition to which, humanitarian action should be implemented in accordance with two priorities:
– takojšnje ukrepanje, kar pomeni, da si je treba bolj prizadevati za odpravo neupravičenih zamud pri dostavi humanitarne pomoči, po potrebi pa tudi pod vprašaj postaviti morebitne zamude; in
- immediacy, meaning a stronger emphasis on the elimination of all unreasonable delays in the supply of humanitarian aid and on questioning any delays when appropriate;
– učinkovitost, kar pomeni, da morajo biti rezultati jasno izmerljivi, kar omogoča demokratični nadzor;
- effectiveness, meaning that there is a clear measurability of output against which democratic accountability can be properly directed;
ter meni, da si mora EU glede na svoj politični pomen in vpliv kot največja mednarodna donatorka dosledno prizadevati za spodbujanje teh načel in tako zagotoviti dostop do prizadetega prebivalstva in spoštovanje humanitarnega prostora;
considers that, in view of its political weight and influence as the largest international donor, the EU should consistently promote these principles in order to ensure access to the crisis-affected populations and respect for humanitarian space;
10. meni, da se je treba bolj osredotočiti na varnost in zaščito humanitarnih delavcev, ki se morajo pogosto odpravljati na nevarna območja; obžaluje, da so ti delavci prepogosto žrtve nesmiselnega nasilja, zaprti ali zajeti kot talci; odločno obsoja vsakršna dejanja, uperjena proti humanitarnim delavcem;
Considers that more attention should be paid to the safety and protection of aid workers, who regularly have to venture into dangerous areas; deplores the fact that they are far too frequently the victims of senseless violence, imprisonment or hostage-taking; roundly condemns any action taken against aid workers;
12. meni, da bi morala Unija pripraviti pobude za uresničitev koncepta „odgovornost za zaščito“ in dati prednost preventivnemu delovanju, civilnim sredstvom in podpori vladam tretjih držav pri izpolnjevanju njihove dolžnosti zaščite prebivalstva; poudarja, da se lahko prisilni ukrepi, kar zadeva tudi vojaško intervencijo, uporabijo le kot zadnja možnost in ob upoštevanju določil mednarodnega prava; še zlasti želi ponovno opozoriti, da bi moral varnostni svet vsakič, ko proučuje možnost uporabe sile, upoštevati pet meril upravičenosti, ki jih je marca 2005 v svojem poročilu predlagal generalni sekretar Združenih narodov in podprl Parlament, in sicer: stopnja ogroženosti, pravi namen, zadnja možnost, sorazmerna sredstva in razumne možnosti za uspeh; soglaša, da je treba načela v zvezi z uporabo sile in njeno odobritvijo določiti v posebni resoluciji varnostnega sveta;
Believes that the EU should develop initiatives to make the concept of 'responsibility to protect' a reality, while giving precedence to preventive action, civilian means and support for third-country governments in fulfilling their obligations to protect their populations; stresses that coercive measures, including military intervention, may only be used as a last resort and strictly in accordance with international law; in particular, reiterates that, when considering the use of force, the Security Council should always take into account the five criteria of legitimacy proposed by the UN Secretary-General report of March 2005 and supported by Parliament: seriousness of threat, proper purpose, last resort, proportional means and a reasonable chance of success; agrees that the principles relating to the use of force and its authorisation should be laid down in a resolution of the Security Council;
DEL II: Prenos Načel v Prakso: skupni okvir za humanitarno pomoč EU
PART II: Translating Principles into Practice: a common framework for EU Humanitarian Aid
a) Usklajevanje, skladnost in dopolnjevanje v EU
a) EU coordination, coherence and complementarity
14. pozdravlja priznanje v sklepih Evropskega sveta junija 2007, da je treba politiko humanitarne pomoči opredeliti kot samostojno politiko EU, in meni, da bi morale Skupnost in države članice spodbujati strateško politično razpravo o humanitarnih dejavnostih v ustreznem forumu Sveta z vzpostavitvijo posebne delovne skupine Sveta (npr. delovne skupine Sveta za humanitarno pomoč (COHUMA)), ki bi oblikovala metode za hitro in usklajeno zagotavljanje pomoči;
Welcomes the recognition in the conclusions of the June 2007 European Council of the need for humanitarian aid policy to be fully recognised as an EU policy in its own right, and considers therefore that the Community and the Member States should foster strategic policy discussion of humanitarian action in an adequate Council forum through the creation of a specific Council Working Group (e.g. a COHUMA, i.e. a Council Working Group on Humanitarian Aid), which will allow cohesive methods ensuring swift and consistent action to be drawn up;
b) Zagotavljanje ustrezne in učinkovite pomoči
b) Providing adequate and effective aid
17. pozdravlja predlog Komisije o ustanovitvi skupnega okvira EU za ocenjevanje potreb in izmenjavo strokovnih analiz ter opozarja, da mora dati EU prednost lokalnim in regionalnim virom, kadar je to mogoče;
Welcomes the Commission's proposal to establish an EU common framework for the assessment of needs and sharing of expert analysis; recalls that the EU should give preference to local and regional sourcing whenever possible;
19. meni, da bi morala EU povečati naložbe v razumevanje in spremljanje faktorjev, ki vplivajo na ranljivost prebivalstva; še posebej EU poziva, da se v vseh humanitarnih operacijah odzove na nujne zdravstvene potrebe, zlasti kar zadeva reproduktivno zdravje, in sicer v skladu s standardi SPHERE;
Considers that the EU should invest more in understanding and monitoring the vulnerability factors of the population; calls in particular on the EU to ensure that in all humanitarian operations emergency health needs are met, in particular as regards reproductive health, in line with the respective SPHERE standards;
c) Raznolikost in kakovost partnerstva
c) Diversity and quality in partnership
23. meni, da bi se morala humanitarna pomoč Unije izvajati preko humanitarnih organizacij, ki v celoti upoštevajo dobro prakso in pri svojem humanitarnem delu spoštujejo načela odgovornosti, uspešnosti in učinkovitosti;
Considers that EU humanitarian aid should be implemented via humanitarian organisations which fully adhere to good practice and are committed to promoting accountability, efficiency and effectiveness in implementing humanitarian action;
d) Učinkovitost, kakovost in odgovornost
d) Effectiveness, quality and accountability
e) Uporaba sredstev in zmogljivosti civilne zaščite ter vojske zunaj ozemlja EU
e) Use of civil protection and military assets and capabilities outside the territory of the EU
28. verjame, da se mora EU zavezati dejavnemu zavzemanju, da bi smernice MCDA in smernice iz Osla izvajali vsi udeleženci humanitarnih operacij, ter zagotoviti, da se ne zmanjša vrednosti glavnih načel teh smernic;
Believes that the EU should commit itself to actively advocate the application of the MCDA and Oslo Guidelines by all actors involved in humanitarian operations and to ensure that the main principles contained therein are not weakened;
f) Spodbujanje zmanjševanja tveganja nesreč in pripravljenosti na nesreče
f) Promoting disaster risk reduction and disaster preparedness
34. poziva EU, da skupaj z mednarodnimi humanitarnimi udeleženci oblikuje smernice za okrepitev usklajevanja nujne pomoči, rehabilitacije in razvoja, s čimer bi se preprečile mogoče pomanjkljivosti med stopnjami nujnega ukrepanja, rehabilitacije in razvoja na podlagi dobre prakse in pridobljenih izkušenj ob upoštevanju različnih pristopov; meni, da bi morala Unija ta pristop osnovati na načelu „neškodovanja“ in desetih načelih „boljše ponovne izgradnje“; poudarja, da je cilj premostiti vrzeli med humanitarno in razvojno pomočjo s čim boljšo uporabo različnih finančnih instrumentov EU;
Calls on the EU, in collaboration with the international humanitarian actors, to develop guidelines aimed at reinforcing the link between emergency relief, rehabilitation and development (LRRD), in order to avoid potential gaps between the emergency relief response and the rehabilitation and development phases, taking as a basis best practice and lessons learnt; considers that the EU should base this approach on the 'do not harm' principles and the 10 'build back better' principles; stresses the objective of filling the gap between humanitarian aid and development assistance by making best use of the full range of EU funding instruments;
36. poudarja potrebo po pojasnitvi povezave med ukrepi, ki jih Komisija podpira na podlagi instrumenta stabilnosti za preprečevanje, obvladovanje in reševanje kriz (kot so razoroževanje, demobilizacija, razminiranje, ponovno vključevanje razseljenih oseb/beguncev itd.), ter ukrepi, ki jih istočasno izvaja GD ECHO ob upoštevanju svojega mandata in humanitarnih načel;
Stresses the need to clarify the relations between activities supported by the Commission via the stability instrument for crisis prevention, management and resolution (such as disarmament, demobilisation, mine clearing, reintegration of displaced populations/refugees, etc.), and the concomitant activities carried out by DG ECHO in line with its mandate and with humanitarian principles;
h) Izvajanje soglasja glede humanitarne pomoči
h) Implementation of the Consensus on Humanitarian Aid
Komisija je 13. junija 2007 objavila sporočilo „K evropskemu soglasju glede humanitarne pomoči“.
On 13 June 2007 the Commission published a communication entitled 'Towards a European Consensus on Humanitarian Aid'.
Na podlagi rezultatov posvetovanja z glavnimi udeleženci v sektorju sporočilo določa sklop načel in vrednot ter navaja predloge za izboljšanje kakovosti, skladnosti in učinkovitosti evropske humanitarne politike.
Drawing on the results of consultation with the main actors in this sector, the communication sets out a body of principles and values and puts forward proposals to improve the quality, coherence and effectiveness of European humanitarian policy.
Komisija poziva Svet in Evropski parlament k sprejetju skupne izjave o evropskem soglasju glede humanitarne pomoči na podlagi elementov iz tega sporočila.
The Commission invites the Council and the European Parliament to adopt with it a joint declaration on a 'European Consensus on Humanitarian Aid' based on the contents of the communication.
Na tej točki je ta pobuda nujna in zahteva začetek vsebinske razprave o načelih in strategijah Evropske unije za zagotovitev pomoči najrevnejšim.
This most opportune initiative is indispensable and calls for a thorough debate on the European Union's principles and strategies for distributing aid to those most in need.
Postopek pogajanja med tremi institucijami je pomembna priložnost za doseganje političnega soglasja o tem, kako se odzvati na vse bolj zapletene krizne razmere in določiti obseg humanitarnih dejavnosti Evrope.
The negotiation process between the three institutions offers an important opportunity to reach a political consensus on the way to react to increasingly complex crisis situations and to define the boundaries of humanitarian action for Europe.
S sprejetjem odločne skupne izjave bo Unija na področju humanitarne pomoči morala opredeliti jasnejše stališče in enotno nastopati na mednarodni ravni, saj EU ni le ogromna nevladna organizacija, ampak si prizadeva za preprečevanje vzrokov, zaradi katerih mora dodeljevati humanitarno pomoč, in po potrebi za zagotavljanje najustreznejših političnih rešitev.
By adopting a vigorous joint declaration, the Union will also be able to define a clearer position and to speak with a single voice on the international scene in the field of humanitarian aid, pointing out that the EU is not just a super-NGO but is concerned to address the causes which make humanitarian aid necessary and, where possible, to help find the most appropriate political solutions to them.
Evropska unija, ki združuje Evropsko komisijo in države članice, je največji donator humanitarne pomoči na svetu.
The European Union - the European Commission and the Member States, collectively - is the leading humanitarian aid donor in the world.
Gre za delitev pristojnosti med državami članicami in Skupnostjo.
Humanitarian action is a competence shared between the Member States and the Community.
Leta 2006 je njen prispevek na tem področju presegel 2 milijardi EUR, kar pomeni več kot 40 % uradne mednarodne humanitarne pomoči
In 2006 the EU contributed over €2 billion, which is over 40% of official international humanitarian assistance
Na podlagi sistema finančnega spremljanja Urada Združenih narodov za usklajevanje humanitarnih dejavnosti. .
As registered by the OCHA-United Nations financial tracking system. .
Glede na ocene je leta 2006 Unija s humanitarno pomočjo pomagala 75 državam in 100 milijonom ljudem.
According to estimates, in 2006 EU humanitarian aid reached 75 countries and 100 million people.
Skupnost je operacije za humanitarno pomoč začela izvajati konec šestdesetih let 20. stoletja.
The Community has engaged in humanitarian aid operations since the end of the 1960s.
Veliko humanitarnih operacij, ki so se izvajale od konca osemdesetih let 20. stoletja, pomeni bistven element zunanjepolitičnega delovanja Skupnosti.
The large number of such operations undertaken since the late 1980s makes it a vital element in the Community's external action.
Urad za humanitarno pomoč (ECHO), ki je bil ustanovljen leta 1992 na pobudo Evropskega parlamenta, je nedavno postal generalni direktorat (GD ECHO) ter ima na voljo 200 uslužbencev, ki delo opravljajo na njegovem sedežu, in 100 strokovnjakov, ki delujejo na terenu.
Established in 1992 at the instigation of the European Parliament, the European Community Humanitarian Aid department (ECHO) has recently become a Directorate-General (DG ECHO) and has 200 officials working at its main office and 100 field experts.
Uredba Sveta (ES) št. 1257/96, ki je začela veljati leta 1996, opredeljuje pomen, cilje in postopke za dodeljevanje humanitarne pomoči Skupnosti.
The scope, objectives and distribution procedures for the Community's humanitarian aid are defined in Council Regulation (EC) No 1257/96, which came into force in 1996.
Med letoma 2000 in 2005 se je povprečni proračun GD ECHO povečal na 543 milijonov EUR (vključno z rezervo za nujno pomoč).
Between 2000 and 2005, DG ECHO's average budget was €543 million (including the emergency aid reserve).
V obdobju 2007–2013 se bo ta proračun povečeval in leta 2013 dosegel 875 milijonov EUR, vendar velik del tega povečanja povzroča prenos humanitarnega deleža pomoči v hrani od GD AIDCO k GD ECHO.
For the period 2007-2013, this budget will increase to a total of €875 million in 2013, though a large part of this increase is due to the transfer of the humanitarian part of food aid from DG AIDCO to DG ECHO.
Humanitarne potrebe so vsako leto večje kot proračun, namenjen GD ECHO, zato mora Komisija uporabljati rezervni sklad.
Each year humanitarian needs exceed the budget set aside for ECHO and the Commission is obliged to call on reserve funds.
Humanitarna pomoč v sedanjih pogodbah ES in EU ni samostojno politično področje.
Humanitarian aid is not a separate area of policy under the current EC and EU Treaties.
Humanitarna pomoč Skupnosti načeloma temelji na členih 177 in 179 Pogodbe ES (razvojno sodelovanje).
The Community's humanitarian aid is based by default on Articles 177 to 178 of the EC Treaty (development cooperation).
Ustavna pogodba bi ji zagotovila novo pravno podlago zaradi vključitve ločenega člena o humanitarni pomoči (člen III-321).
The constitutional treaty offered a new legal basis thanks to the introduction of a separate article on humanitarian aid (Art.
Za humanitarno pomoč se uporablja postopek soodločanja.
Humanitarian aid is subject to the codecision procedure.
Parlament, ki se je razen tega odločil za imenovanje stalnega poročevalca za humanitarno pomoč, pozorno spremlja razvoj na tem področju in še naprej zahteva ustrezno financiranje.
Parliament, which has moreover decided to create a post of Permanent Rapporteur for Humanitarian Aid, closely follows developments in this area and constantly insists that adequate funding be made available.
Razvoj konteksta humanitarne pomoči
The changing context of humanitarian aid
Okolje, v katerem poteka dodeljevanje humanitarne pomoči, se je v zadnjih petnajstih letih znatno spremenilo.
The environment in which humanitarian aid is distributed has changed considerably in the last 15 years.
Prvič, po koncu spora med Vzhodom in Zahodom se je značaj oboroženih konfliktov temeljito spremenil.
Firstly, after the end of the East-West conflict, the character of armed conflicts has radically changed.
Število notranjih konfliktov se je povečalo, zaradi česar je več notranje razseljenih oseb.
The number of internal wars has increased and with it the number of internally displaced people.
Nespoštovanje ali celo jasno in neposredno zavračanje mednarodnega humanitarnega prava je zdaj pogosto.
Failure to respect, and even outright rejection of, international humanitarian law are now common.
Žrtvam je pogosto omejen dostop do humanitarne pomoči in humanitarni delavci so vse bolj izpostavljeni nevarnosti napada ali umora.
Victims' access to humanitarian aid is often limited and humanitarian workers are increasingly exposed to the risk of aggression or even assassination.
V splošnem smislu je ogrožen „humanitarni prostor“.
Generally, the 'humanitarian space' is under threat.
Drugič, zaradi podnebnih sprememb se je povečala pogostost naravnih nesreč in njihov vpliv.
Secondly, natural disasters have become more frequent and their impact more devastating, due in part no doubt to climate change.
Ta položaj povzroča težavo na ravni sredstev in vlaganj, namenjenih za pripravljenost na nesreče.
This situation poses the problem of the level of funds and investments earmarked for disaster preparedness.
Okrepiti je treba odzive, ki morajo poleg pravočasne dobave pomoči vključevati zagotavljanje podpore za zmogljivosti skupnosti na področju pripravljenosti na nesreče, pomoči in obnove.
Operations which go beyond one-off relief and support local capacity-building by communities for disaster preparedness, relief and reconstruction must be strengthened.
Tretjič, pri humanitarni pomoči zdaj sodeluje veliko novih udeležencev , delno zaradi navedenih dveh dejavnikov.
Thirdly, new actors , in growing numbers, are now involved in humanitarian aid, partly as a result of the two factors just mentioned.
Poleg humanitarnih udeležencev v ožjem pomenu (agencije Združenih narodov, organi Rdečega križa, nevladne organizacije) v praksi sodelujejo tudi civilna zaščita in vojaške sile (torej državni subjekti).
Besides humanitarian actors in the strict sense (UN agencies, Red Cross bodies, NGOs), civil protection resources and military forces (i.e. state-owned actors) have appeared.
Kadar se uporabljajo sredstva vojaške in civilne zaščite, ki jih nadzoruje država, se lahko pojavijo dvomi o nevtralnosti in neodvisnosti humanitarnih intervencij.
When state-controlled military and civil defence assets are deployed, the neutrality and independence of humanitarian action can be called into question.
To se lahko izrazi v povečanem tveganju zlasti za humanitarne delavce, če se obravnavajo kot zavezniki določenih strani v konfliktu.
This can result in heightened risk for humanitarian workers, who may find themselves viewed as the allies of certain parties to the conflict.
Evropska unija je leta 2001 vzpostavila mehanizem civilne zaščite ter center za spremljanje in obveščanje v okviru GD za okolje, da bi zagotovila pomoč v EU in zunaj nje.
The European Union put in place a civil protection mechanism in 2001 and a monitoring centre within DG Environment for interventions inside and outside the EU.
Barnierjevo poročilo, objavljeno maja 2006, predlaga oblikovanje evropske sile za civilno zaščito.
The Barnier report, published in May 2006, proposes the creation of a European civil protection force.
Pred vključitvijo državnih subjektov v izvajanje humanitarnih operacij je treba upoštevati vidike usklajevanja, učinkovitosti in stroškov.
Coordination, effectiveness and cost are aspects which must be considered before state actors are brought in to implement humanitarian operations.
K financiranju pomoči vse več prispevajo zasebni donatorji, zato bi bilo treba opredeliti, kakšno vrsto dopolnjevanja je treba vzpostaviti s temi novimi udeleženci.
Private donors are contributing more and more to the funding of aid and the types of arrangements for working with these new actors must be defined.
Končno, ne sme se omejevati razprava o vprašanju „odgovornosti za zaščito“ („pravica do/obveznost intervencije“ ), čeprav se obravnava, da odgovornost za zaščito ni neposredno povezana s humanitarno pomočjo.
Lastly, there must be a reflection on the issue of the 'responsibility to protect' ( 'the right/duty to intervene' ), even if there is not considered to be a direct link between the responsibility to protect and humanitarian aid.
Kljub temu je humanitarna pomoč eden od načinov, ki jih ima mednarodna skupnost na voljo, da prispeva k zaščiti prebivalstva, ki mu grozijo genocid, vojni zločini, etnično čiščenje in zločini proti človeštvu, v skladu s poglavjema VI in VIII Listine.
However, humanitarian aid is one of the means at the disposal of the international community to contribute to the protection of populations at risk from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity, in accordance with Chapter VI and VII of the Charter.
Mednarodni okvir
The international framework
Leta 2003 je bila v Stockholmu sprejeta pobuda za dobro humanitarno donatorstvo (Good Humanitarian Donorship ali GHD).
Several initiatives have been launched in response to the new challenges.
Navaja načela in dobro prakso humanitarnega donatorstva, sprejelo pa jo je 21 držav (med katerimi je 16 držav članic EU) in Evropska komisija.
The Good Humanitarian Donorship Initiative (GHD) was adopted in Stockholm in 2003, Setting out the principles and good practice for humanitarian aid, it was endorsed by 21 countries (including 16 EU Member States) and the European Commission.
Kar zadeva pripravljenost na nesreče in ublažitev njihovih vplivov, je Hyoški akcijski okvir, sprejet na svetovni konferenci o zmanjševanju posledic naravnih nesreč leta 2005, določil cilje in prednostne naloge na mednarodni ravni za donatorje in upravičence do humanitarne pomoči.
As regards disaster preparedness and disaster reduction, the Hyogo Framework for Action adopted at the World Conference on Disaster Reduction in 2005 set objectives and priorities at international level for donors and recipients of humanitarian aid.