natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
D. ker je Parlament v letu 2008 že drugo leto zapored odobril sredstva za financiranje pilotnega projekta z naslovom „Spodbujanje ugodnejšega okolja za mikrokredite v Evropi” in ker bi bila lahko ta sredstva, čeprav Komisija tega vidika v svojem sporočilu ne omenja, koristno uporabljena za oblikovanje lastnega kapitala, ki bi lahko služil kot začetni kapital;
D. whereas in 2008, for the second successive year, Parliament approved appropriations to fund a pilot project entitled ‘Promoting a more favourable environment for micro-credit in Europe’, and whereas, although that the Commission communication fails to refer to those appropriations, they might usefully be earmarked for the formation of own capital which can serve as start-up capital,
E. ker številne lastnosti ločijo mikrokredit od navadnega kredita, vključno s kreditom majhnim in srednje velikim podjetjem, in ker podjetja, ki iščejo navadne kredite, ponavadi dobijo le-te pri različnih vrstah finančnih ustanov in ker je treba nadalje upoštevati pomen končnega cilja, to je vključitev vseh državljanov v uradni finančni sistem,
E. whereas several features distinguish micro-credit from ordinary credit, including credit for small and medium-sized enterprises, and whereas businesses seeking ordinary credit are generally served by all different types of financial institutions, and whereas the importance of the ultimate aim of inclusion of all citizens in the formal financial system should be borne in mind,
F. ker mikrokrediti zahtevajo višje stroške poslovanja zaradi majhnega zneska posojila, pomanjkanja (zadostnega) zavarovanja in visokih stroškov opravljanja storitev,
F. whereas micro-credit entails higher operational costs, due to the small size of the loan, the lack of (sufficient) collateral, and high handling costs,
G. ker ima področje mikrokreditov inovativne in subjektivne elemente, kot so alternativne zahteve ali odsotnost zahtev po zavarovanju ter neobičajen način ocenjevanja kreditne sposobnosti, in se pogosto dodeljujejo ne samo za ustvarjanje dobička, ampak tudi za kohezijske namene, tako da se poskuša (ponovno) integrirati prikrajšane osebe v družbo,
G. whereas the business of micro-credit has innovative and subjective elements, such as alternative or no collateral requirements and non-traditional credit worthiness evaluation, and is often granted not only for profit-making, but serves also a cohesion purpose, by trying to (re-)integrate disadvantaged people into society,
H. ker so mikrokrediti po definiciji majhni, vendar je njihov učinek toliko večji zaradi možnosti „recikliranja“ (odobravanja nadaljnjega podobnega posojila po odplačilu), ki ga omogoča običajno kratek rok odplačila, pri čemer se ne sme zanemariti cilja, to je ponovna vključitev prejemnikov mikrokreditov v tradicionalni bančni sistem,
H. whereas micro-credits are, by definition, small but the possibility of 'recycling' them (granting a further such loan after repayment) due to their generally short maturity multiplies their impact, without disregarding the objective of reintegrating the recipients into the traditional banking system,
I. ker lahko mikrokredite nudijo oziroma olajšajo dostop do finančnih sredstev številni ponudniki, kot so neformalni ponudniki finančnih storitev (pooblaščeno P2P posojanje), organizacije v lasti članov (na primer kreditne zadruge), nevladne organizacije, vzajemne družbe in združenja za vzajemno pomoč, mikrofinančni instituti za razvoj skupnosti, jamstvene banke, skladi ter hranilnice, zadružne in poslovne banke, in ker je lahko sodelovanje med različnimi ponudniki koristno,
I. whereas a range of providers can offer micro-credit or facilitate access to finance, such as informal financial services providers (authorised P2P lending), member-owned organisations (for example credit unions), non-governmental organisations, mutual and provident societies, community development financial institutions, guarantee banks and funds and savings, cooperative and commercial banks, and whereas cooperation between those various providers could be beneficial,
J. ker je treba priznati posebno strukturo ponudnikov finančnih storitev, ki jo je mogoče najti v EU, kot so kreditne zadruge, ki so nebančne finančne ustanove, ki aktivirajo vloge svojih članov za dajanje mikroposojil, in ker se teh struktur ne bi smelo brez premisleka izločiti iz programov financiranja mikrokreditov,
J. whereas there is a need to recognise the unique structure of financial services providers existing across the EU such as credit unions which are non-bank financial institutions mobilising members' deposits for micro-lending and these unique structures should not exclude them a priori from relevant micro-credit funding programmes,
K. ker sedanja finančna kriza in njeni možni učinki na gospodarstvo kot celoto dokazujejo slabe strani zapletenih finančnih produktov in izpostavljajo potrebo po novih načinih povečevanja učinkovitosti in da je treba imeti na voljo vse možne kanale za zagotavljanje finančnih sredstev podjetjem, ki se zaradi likvidnostnega krča soočajo z zmanjšano ponudbo kapitala, zlasti v gospodarsko in socialno zapostavljenih regijah, in hkrati poudarja, kako pomembno je, da institucije usmerijo svoje delovanje v lokalni razvoj in da imajo močno lokalno povezavo in ponujajo vključujoče bančne storitve vsem gospodarskim akterjem;
K. whereas the current financial crisis and its possible repercussions in the economy as a whole demonstrate the disadvantages of complex financial products and the need for considering ways of enhancing efficiency and having in place all possible channels for providing financing when businesses have reduced access to capital due to liquidity crunch, in particular in economically and socially disadvantages regions, and, at the same time, underline the importance of institutions that focus their business on local development and that have a strong local connection and offer inclusive banking services to all economic actors,
L. ker je treba spodbujati podjetništvo,
L. whereas entrepreneurship should be fostered,
M. poziva k izjemnemu prizadevanju za zmanjšanje upravnega bremena za mikropodjetja na najmanjšo možno raven in poziva Komisijo, naj ukrepa temu primerno;
M. whereas the utmost efforts should be made to reduce the regulatory burden on microenterprises to the strict minimum and the Commission is asked to act accordingly,
N. ker lahko omejitve obrestne mere odvračajo posojilodajalce od ponujanja mikrokreditov, če zaradi takih omejitev ne morejo pokriti svojih stroškov posojila,
N. whereas interest rate caps can deter lenders from providing micro-credit if such restrictions prevent them from covering their lending costs,
O. ker bi morala imeti podpora mikrokreditom pomembno vlogo v revidirani lizbonski strategiji,
O. whereas supporting micro-credit should play a prominent role in the revised Lisbon Strategy,
P. ker se tisti, ki želijo prejeti sredstva iz kohezijske politike EU, da bi ustanovili mala družinska podjetja, v številnih primerih soočajo s težavami pri pridobivanju potrebnih dodatnih sredstev,
P. whereas in a not-insignificant number of cases those willing to access funds under the EU's cohesion policy in order to set up small family businesses, might face difficulties in providing the required co-financing,
Q. ker bi morali biti v središču evropske pobude o mikrokreditih prikrajšani ljudje, kot so (dolgotrajno) brezposelni, prejemniki socialne pomoči, priseljenci, etnične manjšine, kot so Romi, osebe, ki opravljajo neformalno delo ali ki živijo v ogroženih podeželskih območjih, ter ženske, ki želijo ustanoviti mikropodjetje,
Q. whereas disadvantaged people, such as the (long-term) unemployed, welfare dependants, immigrants, ethnic minorities such as the Roma, people active in the informal economy or living in deprived rural areas, and women, who want to establish a microenterprise should be the focus of an EU initiative on micro-credit,
R. ker je javna intervencija na področju mikrokreditov potrebna, čeprav bi morali v čim večji meri zagotoviti zasebno udeležbo,
R. whereas although private involvement should be assured to the extent possible, public intervention in the micro-credit business is necessary,
S. ker obstajajo številne pobude EU, ki vsebujejo elemente podpore mikrokreditom, ter bi bil zato za njihovo oblikovanje v enoten sistem koristen racionaliziran in bolj osredotočen pristop,
S. whereas several EU initiatives that entail elements of support for micro-credit exist, and a streamlined and more focused approach, by combining them to form a single system, would be beneficial,
T. ker je dostop do podpore podjetjem (kot je usposabljanje, poučevanje in vzpostavljanje zmogljivosti) za ustanovitelje mikropodjetij bistven in bi moralo biti usposabljanje za prejemnike mikrokreditov obvezno in ker bi morala biti finančna izobrazba potrošnika ter odgovorno posojanje pomemben del politik vseh mikrofinančnih institucij,
T. whereas access to business support (such as training, coaching and capacity building) for founders of microenterprises is essential, and training should be mandatory for micro-credit borrowers, and whereas consumer financial education and responsible lending should be an important part of the policies of all microfinance institutions (MFIs),
U. ker bi morali morebitni upravičenci do mikrokredita dobiti ustrezen pravni nasvet o sklepanju kreditne pogodbe, ustanovitvi podjetja, izterjavi dolgov, pridobivanju in izvrševanju pravic intelektualne in industrijske lastnine itd., zlasti ko mikropodjetje namerava poslovati v drugih državah članicah Evropske unije ali ima možnosti za to;
U. whereas the potential beneficiaries of micro-credits should have the benefit of proper legal advice with regard to the conclusion of the credit agreement, setting up a business, debt collection, the acquisition and exploitation of intellectual and industrial property rights and so on, particularly when the micro-business concerned intends or has the potential to do business in other Member States of the European Union;
V. ker bi dostop do kreditnih podatkov potencialnih kreditojemalcev olajšal dodeljevanje mikrokreditov,
V. whereas access to credit data of potential borrowers would facilitate the provision of micro-credit,
W. ker bi bilo treba spodbujati raziskave in izmenjavo najboljših praks na področju mikrokreditov, na primer glede inovativnih tehnik za dodeljevanje, varovanje in zmanjševanje tveganja mikrokreditov, s ciljnimi skupinami in v obsegu, v katerih taki pristopi delujejo v okviru EU,
W. whereas research and exchange of best practices in the field of micro-credit should be promoted, e.g. as regards innovative techniques for the granting, safeguarding and risk mitigation of micro-credits, the extent to which and with which target groups such approaches work in an EU context,
X. ker bi bilo treba preučiti vlogo posrednikov z namenom preprečevanja zlorab ter preučiti nove načine vzpostavitve zaupanja pri posojilojemalcih (na primer s skupinami skupne podpore),
X. whereas the role of intermediaries should be looked into with a view to preventing abuses, as well as considering alternative ways of establishing credibility with borrowers (for example, through peer support groups),
Y. ker bi bilo treba vzpostaviti okvir EU za nebančne mikrofinančne institucije, Komisija pa bi morala razviti mehanizem za podporo mirkokreditov, ki bi bil med temi ponudniki mikrokreditov nevtralen,
Y. whereas an EU framework for non-bank MFIs schould be established, and the Commission should develop the mechanism for the support of micro-credit which remains neutral among these micro-credit providers,
Z. ker z zakonodajo proti pranju denarja in proti terorizmu ne bi smeli izključiti iz možnosti pridobitve mikrokredita oseb brez stalnega prebivališča ali osebnih dokumentov,
Z. whereas people who have no permanent address or personal identification documents should not be excluded from obtaining micro-credit by legislation on the prevention of money laundering and terrorist financing,
AA. ker bi bilo treba pravila EU o konkurenci prilagoditi, da bi zmanjšali ovire za odobritev mikrokreditov,
AA. whereas EU competition rules should be adapted with a view to reducing barriers for the granting of micro-credit,
1. zahteva, naj Komisija Parlamentu na podlagi člena 44, člena 47(2) ali člena 95 Pogodbe ES predloži zakonodajni predlog ali več zakonodajnih predlogov o zadevah, ki so obravnavane v podrobnih priporočilih v nadaljevanju;
Requests the Commission to submit to Parliament on the basis of Article 44, Article 47(2) or Article 95 of the EC Treaty, a legislative proposal or proposals covering the matters dealt with in the detailed recommendations below;
PRILOGA K PREDLOGU RESOLUCIJE: PODROBNA PRIPOROČILA O VSEBINI ZAHTEVANEGA PREDLOGA
ANNEX TO THE MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION: DETAILED RECOMMENDATIONS on THE CONTENT OF THE PROPOSAL REQUESTED
Priporo č ilo 1: o dvigovanju osveš č enosti glede mikrokreditov
Recommendation 1 : on awareness - raising as regards micro - credit
Evropski parlament meni, da se mora zakonodajni akt, ki bi naj bil sprejet, osredoto č iti na ureditev naslednjega:
The European Parliament considers that the legislative act to be adopted should aim to regulate the following:
(a) Komisija bi morala zagotoviti uvedbo pojma mikrokredit v ustrezne statistike in zakonodajo o finančnih institucijah.
(a) The Commission should provide for the introduction of the concept of micro-credit in relevant statistics and legislation on financial institutions.
Statistike o mikrokreditih bi morale upoštevati BDP na prebivalca v državah članicah in razlikovati med samozaposlenimi ali družinskimi podjetji ter podjetji z zaposlenimi, ki niso člani družine, da bi zagotovile pozitivno diskriminacijo v korist prvih.
Statistics on micro-credit should take into account the GDP per capita figures in the Member States and distinguish between the self-employed or family-based enterprises and those with employees from outside the family in order to enable positive discrimination in favour of the former.
(b) Komisija bi morala pozvati države članice, da standardizirajo statistične predstavitve mikrokreditov, vključno z zbiranjem in analizo podatkov, razčlenjenih po spolu, starosti in narodnosti.
(b) The Commission should invite the Member States to standardise the statistical presentation of micro-credits, including the collection and analysis of data broken down according to gender, age and ethnic origin;
(c) Komisija bi morala izdelati komunikacijsko strategijo z namenom spodbujati samozaposlovanje kot alternativo zaposlovanju, zlasti pa kot način za preprečevanje brezposelnosti v prikrajšanih ciljnih skupinah.
(c) The Commission should elaborate a communication strategy with a view to promoting self-employment as an alternative to wage earning and, in particular, as a way to escape unemployment for disadvantaged target groups.
(d) Komisija bi morala pozvati države članice, naj izvajajo davčne spodbude za zasebno udeležbo v poslovanju z mikrokrediti.
(d) The Commission should invite Member States to implement tax incentives for private involvement in the micro-credit business.
(e) Komisija bi morala pozvati države članice, naj zgornje omejitve obrestnih mer omejijo na potrošniška posojila, vendar bi morale države članice imeti pravico do uporabe mehanizma, s katerim bi lahko izključile izjemno visoke obrestne mere.
(e) The Commission should invite Member States to restrict the application of interest-rate caps to consumer loans; however Member States should be able to apply a mechanism by which extraordinary high interest rates can be excluded.
(f) Komisija bi morala z vidika najnovejše krize na trgu drugorazrednih posojil preučiti prednosti in slabosti oblik neposrednih mikrokreditov v primerjavi z listinjenimi kreditnimi aranžmaji.
(f) The Commission should analyse - in the light of the last sub-prime crisis - the advantages and disadvantages of direct micro-credit formats as against securitised credit facilities.
(g) Komisija bi morala zahtevati, naj države članice specifično analizirajo in poročajo o prizadevanjih in rezultatih na področju mikrokreditov v svojih letnih poročilih o nacionalnih programih reform v zvezi z integriranimi smernicami za rast in delovna mesta iz revidirane lizbonske strategije.
(g) The Commission should require Member States to specifically analyse and report on their efforts and results as regards micro-credit in their annual reports on their national reform programmes in connection with the integrated guidelines for growth and jobs of the revised Lisbon Strategy.
Komisija bi morala izrecno obravnavati mikrokredite v svojem letnem poročilu o napredku.
The Commission should explicitly address micro-credit in its Annual Progress Report.
Priporo č ilo 2: o finan č ni podpori EU
Recommendation 2 : on EU funding
Evropski parlament meni, da se mora zakonodajni akt, ki se bo sprejel, osredoto č iti na ureditev naslednjega:
The European Parliament considers that the legislative act to be adopted should aim to regulate:
(a) (So)financiranje naslednjih projektov, za katere se uporablja tako financiranje in ki so posebej namenjeni spodbujanju razpoložljivosti mikrokreditov za vse posameznike in podjetja brez neposrednega dostopa do posojil, ki jih običajno opredelijo države članice na svojih ozemljih kot zapostavljene ciljne skupine (kot so Romi, priseljenci, prebivalci ogroženih podeželskih območij, osebe z negotovo zaposlitvijo in ženske):
(a) The (co-)financing of the following projects subject to such financing being specifically targeted at promoting the availability of micro-credit for all persons and enterprises without direct access to credit, which are usually defined by Member States, within their jurisdiction, as disadvantaged target groups (such as the Roma society, immigrants, people living in deprived rural areas, people with precarious work situations, and women):
(i) zagotavljanje jamstva za ponudnike mikrokreditov s strani nacionalnih ali evropskih skladov;
(i) the provision by national or EU funds of guarantees for providers of micro-credit;
(iii) raziskave in izmenjavo najboljših praks na operativnem področju, na primer glede zahtev po alternativnem zavarovanju, neobičajnih načinov ocenjevanja kreditne sposobnosti, sistema točkovanja in vloge posrednikov;
(iii) research and the exchange of best practices in the operational field, e.g. as regards alternative collateral requirements, non-traditional credit worthiness evaluation methods, scoring systems and the role of intermediaries;
(iv) oblikovanje spletne strani, na kateri lahko tisti, ki želijo prejeti mikrokredite, predstavijo svoje projekte tistim, ki so jim pripravljeni posoditi sredstva zanje ter
(iv) the creation of a website where potential recipients of micro-credits can present their projects to those willing to lend money to support them; and
(v) vzpostavitev podatkovne zbirke za celotno EU, ki bo vsebovala pozitivne in negativne kreditne podatke o najemnikih kreditov.
(v) the creation of an EU-wide database comprising positive and negative credit data on micro-credit borrowers.
(b) Za preprečevanje podvajanja bi morala Komisija:
(b) To avoid duplication, the Commission should:
(i) imenovati en sam subjekt za usklajevanje, ki bo povezal vse dejavnosti EU v zvezi s financiranjem mikrokreditov ter
(i) appoint a single coordination entity where all EU financing activities concerning micro-credit are pooled; and
(ii) (so)financirati projekte, samo če jih je mogoče združiti z ohranitvijo pravic iz socialne varnosti, kot so nadomestilo za brezposelnost in dohodkovna podpora, na podlagi analize ponudnikov poslovnih storitev, ki bi morali upoštevati dosežke poslovanja in nacionalni minimalni življenjski standard.
(ii) (co-)finance projects only where they can be combined with the retention of social security entitlements, such as unemployment benefit and income support, on the basis of the analysis of the business services provider, who should takes into account the achievements of the business and the national minimum living standard.
Priporo č ilo 3: o usklajenem okviru EU za ban č ne in neban č ne mikrofinan č ne institucije
Recommendation 3 : on a harmonised EU framework for bank and non-bank MFIs
Komisija naj predlaga zakonodajo, ki bo uredila okvir za bančne in nebančne mikrofinančne institucije v celotni EU.
The Commission should propose legislation to provide an EU-wide framework for bank and nonbank MFIs.
Okvir nebančnih mikrofinančnih institucij naj bi vključeval:
The non-bank MFIs framework should include:
(a) jasno opredelitev ponudnikov mikrokreditov, ki določa, da ne sprejemajo vlog in zato niso finančne institucije na podlagi direktive o kapitalskih zahtevah;
(a) a clear definition of micro-credit providers, providing that they do not take deposits, and therefore do not constitute financial institutions under the CRD;
(b) zmožnost opravljanja samo kreditnih dejavnosti;
(b) the ability to conduct credit-only activities;
(c) zmožnost nadaljnjega kreditiranja ter
(c) the ability to on-lend; and
(d) usklajena pravila, ki temeljijo na tveganjih, za odobritev, registracijo, poročanje in bonitetni nadzor.
(d) harmonised, risk-based rules as regards authorisation, registration, reporting and prudential supervision.
Priporo č ilo 4: o direktivi 2005/60/ES
Recommendation 4 : on Directive 2005/60/EC
Komisija bi morala pri reviziji direktive 2005/60/ES zagotoviti, da določbe iz navedene direktive ne predstavljajo ovir, ki bi osebam brez stalnega naslova ali osebnih dokumentov preprečevale dostop do mikrokredita, tako da omogočijo posebno izjemo od določb glede dolžnosti skrbnosti pri ugotavljanju identitete stranke.
The Commission should, while reviewing Directive 2005/60/EC, ensure that the provisions laid down in that Directive do not constitute obstacles preventing people who have no permanent address or personal identification documents from accessing micro-credit, by allowing for a special exemption in the provisions regarding customer due diligence.
Priporo č ilo 5: o pravilih konkurence
Recommendation 5 : on competition rules
(a) Komisija bi morala pri pregledu pravil de minimis predvideti:
(a) The Commission should, while reviewing the de minimis rules, provide for:
(i) razlikovanje omejitev de minimis med državami članicami, ko gre za finančno podporo ponudnikom mikrokreditov;
(i) the differentiation of the de minimis limits between Member States when it comes to financial support for micro-credit providers;
(ii) odpravo diskriminacije pomoči de minimis , dodeljene podjetjem v kmetijskem sektorju, če je pomoč dodeljena v zvezi z mikrokreditom ter
(ii) the abolition of the discrimination of de minimis aid granted to an undertaking in the agricultural sector if the aid is granted in connection with micro-credit; and
(iii) zmanjšanje upravne obremenitve, če je pomoč dodeljena v zvezi z mikrokreditom.
(iii) a reduction of the administrative burden if the aid is granted in connection with micro-credit.
(b) Komisija bi morala v zakonodaji navesti, da je vloga ponudnikov mikrokreditov in, če je primerno, javna podpora, ki jo prejemajo take institucije, v skladu s pravili EU o konkurenci.
(b) The Commission should specify in legislation that the role of micro-credit providers and, if applicable, the public support that such institutions receive are in line with the EU competition rules.
(c) Komisija bi morala izvajati pravila, ki omogočajo preferencialno obravnavo blaga in storitev, ki jih ponujajo jemalci mikrokredita pri postopkih javnih naročil.
(c) The Commission should implement rules that allow for a preferential treatment of goods and services provided by micro-credit borrowers in public procurement procedures.
Ponudba mikrokreditov izvira iz Južne Azije in Latinske Amerike, kjer so bile prve pobude za mikrokredite sprožene sredi sedemdesetih let prejšnjega stoletja.
The provision of microcredit has its roots in South Asia and Latin America, where first microcredit initiatives were launched in the mid-1970s.
Najbolj znan projekt s področja mikrokreditov je Grameen Bank v Bangladešu, ki jo je leta 1976 ustanovil prof.
The most famous microcredit project is Grameen Bank in Bangladesh, which was founded in 1976 by Prof. Muhammad Yunus.