natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Vendar je treba poudariti, da ista načela, ki veljajo za upravljanje avtorskih pravic za spletne glasbene storitve, lahko veljajo, in v prihodnosti zelo verjetno bodo veljala, tudi za nespletno okolje, kot je radiodifuzija.
It must be stressed, however, that the same principles that apply to the management of copyrights for online music services, can, and in due course very likely will, apply to the offline environment as well, such as broadcasting.
Predhodni postopki, ki so bili določeni glede na spletno okolje, so tako merilo za prihodnji razvoj širšega trga avtorskih pravic.
The precedents set in relation to the online environment are thus a touchstone for the future evolution of the broader market for authors' rights.
Tudi to kaže, kako pomembna je kakršnakoli pobuda na tem področju.
Again, this highlights the importance of any initiative in this area.
Za uravnotežen prikaz je treba upoštevati zaskrbljenost manjših kolektivnih upravljavcev pravic in imetnikov pravic, ker so večji založniki dejansko razumeli Priporočilo kot jasen znak, da odvzamejo tako imenovani mednarodni repertoar, s katerim upravljajo, nacionalnim družbam za kolektivno upravljanje pravic in ga dodelijo enemu ali nekaj večjim kolektivnim upravljavcem pravic, ki bodo imeli izključno pooblastilo za izkoriščanje teh pravic v vsej Evropi.
To provide a balanced picture, it must be noted that there is a concern on the part of minor CRMs and rightholders that, in practice, the Recommendation has been taken as a clear signal for the major publishers to withdraw the so-called "international" repertoire they control from the network of national collective rights management societies (CRMs) and place it in the hands of one or a very few large CRMs with an exclusive mandate to represent those rights across the EU.
V nasprotju z izraženim ciljem Priporočila o spodbujanju poštene konkurence je takšno dejanje potencialno nekonkurenčno in lahko povzroči nastanek dejanskega oligopola, pri čemer bo tržna moč združena v rokah nekaj večjih imetnikov pravic in podobnega števila velikih kolektivnih upravljavcev pravic.
Contrary to the avowed objective of the Recommendation of promoting fair competition, such action is potentially anti-competitive, as it is likely to lead to a de facto oligopoly, with market power concentrated in the hands of a few major rightsholders and a similar number of big CRMs.
To je tudi resna grožnja zdravi in živahni kulturni raznolikosti v Evropi, ker bi odvzem mednarodnega repertoarja mreži nacionalnih kolektivnih upravljavcev pravic v Evropi verjetno povzročil prekinitev delovanja več nacionalnih kolektivnih upravljavcev pravic ter tako škodoval lokalnim in manjšinskim repertoarjem.
It also constitutes a severe threat to the health and vibrancy of cultural diversity in Europe because the removal of international repertoire from the network of national CRMs is likely to cause many national CRMs to cease to operate, to the detriment of local and minority repertoires.
S sprejetjem Priporočila je Komisija prikrajšala Evropski parlament in države članice za dejavno sodelovanje v postopku spremembe, ki bo močno vplival na prihodnjo konkurenčnost na tem področju in kulturno raznolikost v Evropi.
The Commission's adoption of the Recommendation has deprived the European Parliament and the Member States of the chance to make considered input to a process of change which will have major consequences for future competition in this field and for cultural diversity in Europe.
To vprašanje je zelo pomembno, zato bi moral biti Evropski parlament uradno vključen v njegovo reševanje.
This issue is too important for the European Parliament not to be formally involved.
Parlament mora dejavno sodelovati v demokratičnem procesu.
Parliament must be able to play its role in the democratic process.
Zato mora Komisijo pozvati, naj čim prej predstavi predlog zavezujočega pravnega instrumenta s tega področja, ki ga bosta Parlament in Svet sprejela s soodločanjem.
The Commission must, therefore, be invited to present as soon as possible a proposal for a suitable binding legal instrument in this field, to be adopted by Parliament and Council in codecision.
Delovanje trga
Functioning of the market
Kolektivne družbe so združenja avtorjev in drugih imetnikov pravic, kot so založniki.
Collecting societies are associations of authors and other rightsholders, such as publishers.
Ustanovljene so za pobiranje in razdeljevanje tantiem imetnikom pravic na kolektivni podlagi.
They are set up to collect and distribute royalties for rightsholders on a collective basis.
Dejansko imajo kolektivni upravljavci pravic (naraven) monopolni položaj na državni ravni.
In practice, CRMs enjoy a (natural) monopoly position at national level.
Imetnike pravic na državnem območju neposredno zastopa kolektivni upravljavec pravic, v tretjih državah pa jih predstavlja prek vzajemnega sporazuma, ki ga dvostransko sklenejo kolektivni upravljavec pravic, ki ga je izbral imetnik pravic, in vsi ostali kolektivni upravljavci pravic v Evropi in po svetu.
Rightsholders are represented in that territory directly by the CRM and in third countries via reciprocal arrangements concluded bilaterally between their chosen CRM and all the other CRMs in Europe and around the world.
Že desetletja je evropski in mednarodni glasbeni trg avtorskih pravic deloval na podlagi mreže takšnih dvostranskih sporazumov.
For decades the European and international music copyrights market has functioned on the basis of this network of such bilateral agreements.
Ta sistem vzajemnih sporazumov zagotavlja uporabnikom avtorskih pravic ponudbo „vse na enem mestu“ (tj. uporabnik lahko od enega kolektivnega upravljavca pravic pridobi licenco za svetovni repertoar za izkoriščanje na državnem območju, kjer je sedež kolektivnega upravljavca pravic), ustrezen nadzor svetovnega trga, tako da so imetniki pravic primerno plačani, ter mehanizem za učinkovito uveljavljanje pravic za vse nacionalne in mednarodne imetnike pravic.
This “System of Reciprocal Agreements” provides a one-stop-shop for users of copyrights ( i.e. from one CRM, users can get a licence for the worldwide repertoire for exploitation in the national territory where the CRM is located), ensures proper monitoring of the global market so that rightsholders are appropriately remunerated and provides an effective rights-enforcement mechanism for all the national and international rightsholders involved.
Sistem zagotavlja dobro zastopanost na trgu in pravičen delež pobranih tantiem ne le za velike imetnike pravic, temveč tudi za manjše imetnike pravic in lokalne avtorje.
This system ensures that not only the big rightsholders, but also small and local authors, are well represented on the market and receive their fair share of the royalties collected.
Spremembe na trgu in uvedba konkurence
Market change and the introduction of competition
Za nadaljnji razvoj evropskega glasbenega trga je treba uvesti tudi nadzorovano konkurenco, ki bo odražala spremembe na enotnem evropskem trgu, v tehnološkem razvoju in ustanavljanju novih poslovnih modelov ter zato tudi spremembe v potrošnikovi izbiri in njegovih navadah.
As part of the further development of the European music market, the introduction of controlled competition is needed to reflect the changes in the European single market, developments in technology, the emergence of new business models and the consequent changes in consumer preferences and behaviour.
Cilj Priporočila je omogočiti imetnikom pravic večjo svobodo pri izbiri kolektivnega upravljavca pravic, ki najbolj ustreza njihovim potrebam.
The Recommendation intends that rightsholders should have greater freedom to choose the CRM that best serves their needs.
To pomeni, da mora konkurenca med kolektivnimi upravljavci pravic temeljiti na posameznih upravljavcih, ki tekmujejo v pridobivanju imetnikov pravic.
In other words, competition between CRMs should be based on individual CRMs competing to attract rightsholders.
Zdi se, da bo to najbolj koristilo imetnikom pravic.
Superficially, this appears to benefit rightsholders.
Vendar lahko dejansko posamezni avtorji že zaupajo pravice kolektivnim upravljavcem po lastni izbiri.
In practice, however, individual authors may already place their rights with the CRM of their choice.
Pravzaprav je veliko primerov, ko uspešnejši avtorji izkoriščajo to pravico in izbiro, npr. sodelovanje s kolektivnim upravljavcem pravic zunaj svoje matične države.
Indeed, there are a number of instances of more successful authors exercising this right and opting, e.g. , to work with a CRM outside their home country.
Za manjše imetnike pravic to običajno ni izvedljivo.
This is generally not that feasible in practice for small rightsholders.
Poleg tega je poročevalka ugotovila, da so manjši kolektivni upravljavci pravic in imetniki pravic zaskrbljeni, ker si večji založniki Priporočilo razlagajo kot priložnost, da nacionalnim kolektivnim upravljavcem odvzamejo pravice, ki jih upravljajo, in jih dodelijo manjšemu številu večjih kolektivnih upravljavcev pravic.
Furthermore, the rapporteur has noted that minor CRM’s and rightholders are concerned that the Recommendation has been interpreted by the major publishers as an opportunity to withdraw the rights they control from all the national CRMs and place them with a small number of larger CRMs.
Ti bi lahko tako obšli mrežo vzajemnih sporazumov in dodeljevali licence na vsem evropskem trgu in za ves evropski trg, s čimer bi sorazmerno zmanjšali prihodek nacionalnih kolektivnih upravljavcev.
The latter will then be able to by-pass the network of reciprocal agreements and grant licenses in and for the whole European market, thereby diminishing the turnover of the national CRMs commensurately.
Izguba prihodka nacionalnih kolektivnih upravljavcev pravic, ki je povezana s pobranimi tantiemami glede na mednarodni repertoar, bi nacionalnim kolektivnim upravljavcem pravic znatno otežila učinkovito delovanje, ker bi stroški njihovega delovanja pokrivali manjše število lokalnih imetnikov pravic.
The loss to the national CRMs of the turnover associated with royalties collected in respect of international repertoire would make it increasingly difficult for national CRMs to function effectively because the cost of their operations would fall on a smaller number of local rightsholders.
Ko je nacionalni kolektivni upravljavec pravic prisiljen v prenehanje delovanja, je malo možnosti, da bo manjši imetnik pravic obdržal enako raven podpornih storitev, ki jih bo izvajal nadomestni kolektivni upravljavec pravic v drugi državi, kjer se na primer uporablja drug jezik.
Once a national CRM is forced to cease operations, it is unlikely that a small rightsholder will obtain an equivalent level of service support from an alternative CRM in another country where, for example, another language is in use.
Ta pristop k upravljanju pravic daje jasno prednost večjim in uspešnim komercialnim imetnikom pravic, kar škodi avtorjem lokalnega in/ali manjšinskega repertoarja.
This approach to rights management clearly favours large and successful commercial rightsholders at the expense of authors of local and/or minority repertoire.
Dejansko bi takšna konkurenca oslabila položaj večine imetnikov pravic, vendar se zdi, da Komisija ni želela doseči tega.
In practice, this sort of competition would actually undermine the position of the majority of rightsholders, which would not appear to be the Commission’s intention.
Ker pa deluje internet prek državnih meja, morajo ponudniki spletne glasbe vseeno pridobiti vseevropske licence, s katerimi pokrivajo dve ali več državnih območij v Evropi.
And yet, since the Internet operates beyond national borders, online music providers must be in a position to acquire pan-European licences that cover two or more national territories on the European continent.
Hkrati morajo izbirati, kje bodo pridobili licence, pri čemer se odločajo glede na območje s ponudbo najbolj konkurenčnih storitev.
And they must have the choice of where to go for those licences on the basis of where they receive the most competitive services.
Po tem scenariju bi kolektivni upravljavci pravic medsebojno tekmovali pri pridobivanju uporabnikov.
This scenario is one where CRMs compete for users.
Pri takem sistemu pa obstaja nevarnost, da bi nacionalni kolektivni upravljavci pravic s tem, ko bi tekmovali za nov posel, ustvarjali pritisk na delež tantiem, izplačanih imetnikom pravic.
However, the danger with such a system is that the national CRMs would compete for new business by exerting pressure on the level of royalties paid to rightsholders.
Zelo verjetno je, da bi se v tem primeru avtorjevi dohodki spiralno znižali.
It is possible, even likely, that this would result in authors’ revenues spiralling downwards.
To seveda ni v interesu imetnika pravic in bi nedvomno škodovalo kulturni raznolikosti v Evropi, ker manjši imetniki pravic zaradi manjših zaslužkov ne bi mogli preživeti.
Again, this is not in the interest of rightsholders and would undoubtedly have an adverse impact on cultural diversity in Europe, as smaller rightsholders would see their earnings depressed to such an extent that they would no longer be able to survive.
Kulturna raznolikost proti konkurenci
Cultural diversity v. competition
Velikopotezno napovedovanje o vzpostavitvi konkurenčnosti na področju kolektivnega upravljanja avtorskih pravic ni priporočljivo, ker bi lahko trajno škodovala kulturni raznolikosti v Evropi.
A “big bang”-style introduction of competition in the field of collective management of author’s rights should not be pursued because of the risk of irreversible damage to cultural diversity in Europe.
Namesto tega mora biti konkurenčnost vzpostavljena na način, ki bo že na začetku zagotovil enake pogoje, tako da bodo imeli kolektivni upravljavci priložnost enakopravne konkurence.
Rather, competition should be introduced in a way which ensures a level playing field at the outset so that all CRMs have the opportunity to compete on an equal footing.
Ta značilna evropska težava se lahko odpravi le z nadomestno sporazumno rešitvijo.
The solution is to find an alternative compromise solution to what is a peculiarly European problem.
Pravično in nadzorovano konkurenco je treba vzpostaviti na način, da se izognemo pritisku za znižanje avtorjevih dohodkov, medtem ko uporabnikom glasbe omogočimo, da si pridobijo vseevropske licence, skladne z novimi poslovnimi modeli, ki predstavljajo prihodnost.
Fair and controlled competition must be introduced in such a way that downward pressure on authors' income is avoided whilst enabling music users to obtain pan-European licences which are in line with the new business models that represent the future.
Zato je najboljše jamstvo uvedba sistema, ki bo avtorjeve dohodke določal na podlagi stopenj, veljavnih za državo, v kateri potrošnik kupi (prenese) določeno glasbeno delo.
For this purpose, the best guarantee is the introduction of a system in which authors’ revenues are determined by the rates of the country in which the consumer buys (downloads) a particular piece of music.
Z uporabo tarife za namembno državo se bo vzpostavila konkurenčnost, ki bo temeljila na učinkovitosti storitev, ki jih ponujajo kolektivni upravljavci pravic (predvsem z znižanjem upravnih stroškov), ne pa na pritisku na tantieme, izplačane imetnikom pravic.
The application of the tariff of the “country of destination” leads to competition based on efficiency of the services offered by the CRMs (notably, by reducing the administrative costs) rather than competition based on squeezing the royalties paid to rightsholders.
Razen tega nekateri menijo, da je treba velikim imetnikom pravic preprečiti sklepanje izključnih sporazumov z enim ali majhnim številom kolektivnih upravljavcev pravic, pri čemer je treba odstraniti mednarodni repertoar iz celotnega sistema.
In addition, some consider it essential to prevent major rightsholders from reaching exclusive agreements with one or a small number of CRMs, thereby removing the international repertoire from the overall system.
V svojem poročilu z dne 20. julija 2006 je odbor za kulturo in izobraževanje izrazil zaskrbljenost zaradi morebitnega škodljivega učinka Priporočila na kulturno raznolikost v Evropi, ker bi vplivalo na delovanje vzajemnega sistema in povzročilo zgoščevanje pravic pri večjih kolektivnih upravljavcih pravic.
In its report of 20.7.2006, the Committee on Culture and Education expressed its concerns about the potential adverse effects of the Recommendation on cultural diversity in Europe on the ground that it would affect the functioning of the reciprocal system and that this will lead to a concentration of rights in the bigger CRMs.
To bo oslabilo delovanje manjših kolektivnih upravljavcev pravic in zato ogrozilo položaj manjših in lokalnih avtorjev po vsej Evropi.
This will undermine the functioning of the smaller CRMs and therefore endanger small and local authors' position throughout Europe.
Zato je ključno, da mreža dvostranskih sporazumov ostane nespremenjena in ne dopušča odvzemanja repertoarja iz te mreže.
It is therefore of key importance that the network of bilateral agreements should remain in place without leaving room for the withdrawal of repertoire from this network.
Zato sklenitev izključnega pooblastila med imetniki pravic in kolektivnimi upravljavci pravic ne bi smela biti dovoljena.
The conclusion of exclusive mandates between rightsholders and CRMs should therefore not be allowed.
Za primeren razvoj evropskega trga avtorskih pravic je zelo pomembno, da organi zagotovijo ustrezno spremljanje postopkov.
In order for the European copyrights market to develop properly, it is crucial that adequate follow-up is undertaken by the authorities.
V skladu s tem bi morala Komisija čim prej oceniti vpliv podeljevanja licenc za več ozemelj in več repertoarjev za storitve spletne glasbe in njegovega učinka na kulturno raznolikost in gospodarski in socialni položaj imetnikov pravic.
In this context, the Commission should conduct, as soon as possible, an assessment of the impact of multi-territory and multi-repertoire licensing on online music services and its effects on cultural diversity and rightsholders’ economic and social situation.
Razen tega bi morala Komisija izvesti kritično analizo horizontalnega zgoščevanja na nekaterih področjih upravljanja pravic ter analizo učinka, ki ga bo takšno zgoščevanje imelo na uporabnike in imetnike pravic.
In addition, the Commission should carry out a critical analysis of the horizontal concentration in certain sectors of rights management and the effects such concentration will have on rights users and rightsholders.
Po potrebi je treba sprejeti ustrezne ukrepe za ohranitev stanja na evropskem trgu spletne glasbe, ki bi omogočali zdrav razvoj trga brez škodljivih posledic za kulturno raznolikost Evrope.
Where necessary, appropriate measures must be taken in order to ensure that the European market for online music services remains in a position to develop in a healthy way without adverse effects on cultural diversity in Europe.
Pravni okvir
Legal framework
Pri pripravi tega osnutka poročila za resolucijo Evropskega parlamenta so bili v celoti upoštevani veljavni evropski pravni okvir in z njim povezane pobude za oblikovanje politike, pravni red Skupnosti na področju avtorskih in sorodnih pravic, ki zadevajo glasbene pravice, ter ustrezni mednarodni sporazumi.
In the preparation of this Draft Report for a European Parliament Resolution, full account has been taken of the existing European legal framework and related policy-making initiatives, the acquis communautaire in the area of copyright and related rights which applies to music rights, and relevant international agreements.
Za celoten seznam glej preambulo predloga resolucije.
For a complete list, see the preamble to the motion for a resolution.
Prav tako je bila upoštevana študija "Kolektivno upravljanje pravic v Evropi – prizadevanje za učinkovitost", ki je bila izvedena za odbor za pravne zadeve in mu je bila predstavljena 11. septembra 2006.
Account has also been taken of the study “The Collective Management of Rights in Europe – The Quest for Efficiency”, undertaken for the Committee for Legal Affairs and presented to the committee on 11.09.2006.
o priporočilu Komisije z dne 18. maja 2005 o kolektivnem čezmejnem upravljanju avtorskih in sorodnih pravic za zakonite spletne glasbene storitve
on the Commission Recommendation of 18 October 2005 on collective cross-border management of copyright and related rights for legitimate online music services
Odbor za kulturo in izobraževanje poziva Odbor za pravne zadeve kot pristojni odbor, da v svoj predlog resolucije vključi naslednje pobude:
The Committee on Culture and Education calls on the Committee on Legal Affairs, as the committee responsible, to incorporate the following suggestions in its motion for a resolution:
4. poziva Komisijo, da v skladu s konvencijo Unesca o zaščiti in spodbujanju raznolikosti kulturnega izražanja oceni pobude za zagotavljanje stalnega dostopa široke javnosti do repertoarjev, tudi manjših in lokalnih, glede na posebnosti, ki jih prinaša digitalna doba, in ob upoštevanju posrednih in neposrednih učinkov na splošni položaj ustvarjalcev in kulturno raznolikost;
Invites the Commission to assess suitable initiatives to ensure continued broad public access to repertoires, including smaller or local ones, in respect of the UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions, given the particularity of the digital era but also taking into account the direct and indirect impacts this will have on the overall position of authors and cultural diversity;
6. razume in podpira določbe o tem, da imetniki pravic dejansko lahko izbirajo kolektivne upravljavce pravic, prenesejo spletne pravice, opredelijo njihovo ozemeljsko uporabo, jih umaknejo od izbranega kolektivnega upravljavca pravic ali jih prenesejo na drugega, ter poudarja, da je pomembno pri tem upoštevati učinkovito sodelovanje med kolektivnimi upravljavci pravic, da bi zaščitili tudi interese manjših in lokalnih imetnikov pravic in tako ohranili kulturno raznolikost;
Understands and supports the provisions concerning the existing possibility for right-holders to choose a collective rights manager (CRM), to determine the entrusted online rights and their territorial scope and the right to withdraw the rights from the CRM or to transfer them to another CRM, and stresses the importance of taking into consideration the efficiency of the cooperation between CRMs in order also to preserve the interests of smaller and local right-holders and thus to safeguard cultural diversity;
8. meni, da bi bilo treba ohraniti sistem vzajemnih sporazumov o zastopanju, saj vsem komercialnim in individualnim uporabnikom brez diskriminacije omogoča enakopraven dostop do svetovnega repertoarja, bolje ščiti imetnike pravic, nudi garancijo za resnično kulturno raznolikost in spodbuja pošteno konkurenco na notranjem trgu;
Believes that the system of reciprocal representation agreements should be maintained, as it enables all commercial and individual users without discrimination to have equal access to the world repertoire, ensures better protection for the right-holders, guarantees real cultural diversity and stimulates fair competition in the internal market;
– jo morajo spremljati ustrezni ukrepi za ohranitev in promocijo raznolikosti kulturnega izražanja, še posebej z nudenjem obsežnih raznolikih repertoarjev, zlasti lokalnih,
- be accompanied by appropriate measures to safeguard and promote the diversity of cultural expressions, notably by offering users large diversified repertoires, particularly local repertoires,
– mora omogočiti, da bodo vsi imetniki pravic, ne glede na njihovo državljanstvo ali državo članico stalnega bivališča, prejeli pravičen delež tantiem in to kar se da neposredno,
- ensure that all right-holders, irrespective of their nationality or residence, receive a fair share of royalties as directly as possible,
– ne sme voditi v to, da bi najbolj dobičkonosni imetniki svojo nadvlado še okrepili na škodo skromnejših imetnikov pravic,
- not allow the most profitable right-holders to strengthen their dominance to the detriment of the lower-earning right-holders,