natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Kot je bilo že omenjeno v tem delovnem dokumentu, je Evropska komisija v zadnjih letih namenila veliko truda zato, da bi " dekoncentrirala " stopnjo, na kateri se porabi razvojna pomoč.
As referred to earlier in this working document, the European Commission has devoted major efforts in recent years to " deconcentrating " the level at which development assistance is spent.
S tem je bila dodeljena večja vloga delegacijam ES v tretjih državah.
This has given a greater role to EC Delegations in third countries.
Višje stopnje porabe razvojne pomoči v primerjavi s prevzetimi obveznostmi seveda prav tako zmanjšujejo možnost prenosa plačil med proračunskimi vrsticami za različne regije/projekte glede na porajajoče se potrebe.
The higher rates of development assistance spending as set against commitment appropriations does, of course, also reduce the scope for shifting payments between budget lines for different regions/ projects according to evolving requirements.
Namen načrta skladnosti je zagotoviti, da se prizadevanja različnih zainteresiranih strani med seboj dopolnjujejo in krepijo.
The coherence agenda is about ensuring that the efforts of the various stakeholders are mutually complementary and reinforcing.
Cilj je zmanjšati obseg prekrivanja dela in odpraviti neskladne cilje.
The objective is thus to reduce overlapping work or mutually inconsistent goals.
Usklajenost med akterji se lahko analizira na več ravneh in področjih politike in političnih akterjev.
Coherence between actors can be analysed at a number of levels and across policy areas and policy actors.
· Kako učinkovita je bila poraba razvojne pomoči v obdobju finančne perspektive 2000–2006?
· How effective has spending on development assistance been during the 2000 - 2006 financial perspective?
Katere izboljšave bi bilo potrebno narediti in vključiti v prihodnje programe razvojne pomoči?
What improvement should be made and incorporated into future development assistance programmes?
· Kako uspešna je bila dekoncentracija pri izboljšanju uspešnosti in učinkovitosti porabe razvojne pomoči ES?
· How successful has deconcentration been in improving the effectiveness and efficiency of EC development aid spending?
· Kaj je potrebno še storiti, da se zagotovi skladnost razvojne pomoči ES s tisto, ki jo zagotavljajo nacionalni (zlasti države članice EU) in večnacionalni donatorji (zlasti sistem ZN)?
· What further work is needed to ensure the coherence of EC development assistance with that provided by national (notably EU member states) and multinational donors (notably the UN system)?
Kakšne so možnosti za učenje najboljše prakse med donatorji in za učinkovito sodelovanje, npr. med EU in ZDA?
What scope is there for best-practice learning between donors and for effective co-operation, for instance between the EU and US?
· Kaj je še možno storiti za dopolnjevanje izvajanja javne in zasebne pomoči (nevladne organizacije, darovalci), npr. na področju izobraževalne politike?
· What more can be done to ensure that public and private (NGOs, benefactors) assistance is provided in complementary ways, for example in the area of education policy?
· Kaj je možno storiti za optimizacijo načina, na katerega politiki in uradniki v državah v razvoju, ki prejemajo sredstva, stopajo v stik s politiki in uradniki v državah in organizacijah donatorkah.
· What can be done to streamline the way in which politicians and officials in recipient developing countries interact with politicians and officials in donor governments and organisations?
Kako lahko izboljšamo upravljanje celotnega sistema?
That is to say, how can governance of the overall system be improved?
· Kako se lahko zagotovi skladnost med razvojnimi politikami in politikami na drugih področjih, kot sta trgovinska politika in okoljska politika?
How can coherence be ensured between development policies and policies in other spheres, such as trade policy or environmental policy?
o spodbujanju demokracije in človekovih pravic
on the promotion of democracy and human rights
"Energija in vztrajnost premagata vse "
"Energy and persistence conquer all things"
Od druge polovice osemdesetih let, odkar so družbe v raznih delih sveta začele prehajati v demokracijo, obstaja hitra in pomembna širitev programov pomoči, ki jih financira Evropska unija in ostali pomembni donatorji v podporo razvoju človekovih pravic in demokracije (HRD).
Since the latter part of the 1980s, as democratic transition spread through various parts of the world, there has been a rapid and significant expansion in assistance programmes financed by the European Union and other major donors to support the development of human rights and democracy (HRD).
To je bilo kot poseben cilj vključeno tudi v pogodbe EU.
This was also incorporated as a specific goal in the EU treaties.
Splošni namen programov je dvojen:
The overall purpose of these programmes has been two-fold:
(a) spodbujanje razvoja človekovih pravic in demokracije samih po sebi kot političnega dobrega, ki bo izboljšalo življenje državljanov, tako da jim prinaša več svobode, politične zastopanosti in večjo odgovornost vlad;
(a) to promote HRD for their own sake, as a political good that will improve the lives of citizens by bringing more freedom, political representation and government accountability;
(b) zastopanje ideje, da je spodbujanje razvoja človekovih pravic in demokracije bistveni del procesa pospeševanja trajnostnega družbenega in gospodarskega razvoja.
(b) to support the idea that the promotion of human rights and democracy is an essential part of the process of furthering sustainable social and economic development.
Večina uredb Sveta sprejetih na področju zunanje pomoči vključuje cilje v povezavi s človekovimi pravicami in demokracijo; leta 1994 je bila na zahtevo EP objavljena Evropska pobuda za demokracijo in človekove pravice (EIDHR), v kateri so skupaj zbrana sredstva, ki so izrecno namenjena spodbujanju človekovih pravic in demokracije (pretežno iz geografskih uredb): Phare, Tacis, ALA, MEDA, ).
Most of the Council Regulations adopted in the area of external aid included HRD related objectives; in 1994, at EP´s request, the "European Initiative for Human Rights" (EIDHR) was launched by gathering together resources explicitly earmarked for the promotion of HRD (mainly from geographic regulations : Phare, Tacis, ALA, MEDA, ).
Leta 1999 je Svet z namenom, da bi ustvaril potrebno pravno podlago za zunanje ukrepe in izvajanje proračunskih skladov, sprejel dve uredbi (975/1999 za države v razvoju, 976/1999 za tretje države).
In 1999, in order to create the necessary legal basis for external actions and the implementation of budgetary funds, the Council adopted 2 regulations (975/1999 for developing countries, 976/1999 for third countries).
Uredbi sta prenehali veljati konec leta 2004, vendar sta bili podaljšani do konec leta 2006, tokrat ena od njiju (države v razvoju) v postopku soodločanja.
These expired at the end of 2004 but were prolonged until the end of 2006, this time with one of them (developing countries) under the co-decision procedure.
V preteklosti (od leta 1980) je Komisija zadolžila zunanjo ustanovo, Evropsko fundacijo za človekove pravice (EHRF), da poskrbi za tehnično podporo pri upravljanju nekaterih proračunskih vrstic, ki se nanašajo na človekove pravice.
In the past, (since 1980), the Commission had engaged an external foundation, the European Human Rights Foundation (EHRF), to provide technical assistance in the management of several of the human rights budget lines.
Ko je leta 1992 Parlament ustanovil program Phare za demokracijo, kateremu je bil kasneje dodan program Tacis za demokracijo, je bil ustanovljen Svetovalni svet predstavnikov Komisije, Parlamenta, Sveta Evrope in G24 (medvladno združenje držav v razvoju in tretjih držav).
When, in 1992, Parliament created the Phare Democracy Programme, to which later was added the Tacis Democracy Programme, an "Advisory Council" of representatives of the Commission, Parliament, Council of Europe and G24 (an intergovernmental grouping of developing/third countries) was created.
Po uvedbi uredbe iz leta 1999, na podlagi katere je bil ustanovljen upravljalni odbor držav članic (komitologija), je Komisija ukinila svetovalni svet.
Following the introduction of the 1999 Regulations, which instituted a management committee of the Member States (comitology), the Commission abolished the Advisory Council.
Program danes
Today's programme
Ukrepi za spodbujanje demokracije in človekovih pravic v okviru proračuna EU se še zmeraj izvršujejo na različne načine.
Democracy and Human Rights actions within the EU budget are still implemented in various ways.
Po eni strani je Evropski pobudi za demokracijo in človekove pravice (EIDHR) namenjeno posebno poglavje v proračunu (19 04, prej B7-70); za leto 2006 je prejela 123 milijonov evrov.
On the one hand, the European Initiative for Democracy and Human Rights (EIDHR) has a separate budget chapter (19 04, ex B7-70) and is financed at a level of EUR 123 million in 2006.
Po drugi strani pa se različni ukrepi, povezani z demokracijo in človekovimi pravicami, izvajajo v okviru geografskih programov sodelovanja.
On the other hand, various actions related to democracy and human rights are in fact carried out under the geographical cooperation programmes.
Kar se tiče vidnosti in vpogleda, ti niso do iste mere odprti za Parlament, vsaj ne glede proračunskega vidika.
These are not open to the same degree of visibility and insight to the Parliament, at least in budgetary terms.
Na splošno rečeno je EIDHR program, ki spodbuja ukrepe civilne družbe, ki pa tudi ne uživa nujno uradne podpore s strani oblasti v tretjih deželah (čeprav je to seveda možno).
In general, the EIDHR is a programme supporting civil society actions, not necessarily subject to official approval by third country authorities (although this may also be the case).
Geografski programi delujejo znotraj načrtovanega okvirja, dogovorjenega skupaj z zadevno državo tako, da pogosto financirajo institucije tiste države na področju dobrega vladanja, krepitve pravnega sistema, policijskega sistema itd.
The geographical programmes operate within a programmed framework agreed with the country in question, often financing institutions of that country in areas such as 'good governance', strengthening of justice systems, police systems etc.
Že večkrat je bilo omenjeno vprašanje pomanjkanja sodelovanja med obema, kakor tudi vprašanje nezadostnega sodelovanja z državami članicami EU in z ostalimi donatorji in mednarodnimi organizacijami.
The question of a lack of coordination between the two has often been raised, as has the question of insufficient coordination with EU Member States and with other donors and international organisations.
Za EIDHR je po sprejetju pravne podlage iz leta 1999
As for the EIDHR, following the adoption of the legal bases in 1999
Ti dve uredbi sta dejansko enaki, vendar ena zajema države v razvoju (sprejeta v postopku soodločanja), druga pa tretje dežele (sprejeta po postopku posvetovanja). , potekala proračunska konsolidacija v okviru proračunskih vrstic in nomenklature.
These two regulations are virtually identical but one covers 'developing countries' (adopted in co-decision) and the other covers 'third countries (adopted under consultation). , some budgetary consolidation took place in terms of budget lines and nomenclature.
Od takrat je bil proračunski trend za EIDHR precej stabilen, programu pa je bila dodeljena velika prednost in vidnost znotraj proračunskega postopka.
Since that time, the budgetary trend for the EIDHR has been fairly stable and the programme has been given high priority and visibility in the budget procedure.
Prevzemi obveznosti za poglavje 19 04 so bili izglasovani kot sledi (brez nadaljnjih prenosov).
Commitment appropriations for chapter 19 04 have been voted as follows (not including any subsequent transfers).
Treba je opozoriti, da diagram PPP za leto 2007 morda ni direktno primerljiv s prejšnjimi leti, ker se proračunska nomenklatura spreminja.
It should be noted that the 2007 PDB figure may not be directly comparable to previous years as the budget nomenclature changes.
(v milijonih EUR)
(EUR million)
Ali so vključeni še katerikoli drugi ukrepi razen programa EIDHR iz prejšnjih let?
Are any new actions included, other than the EIDHR of previous years?
Za leto 2006 je več kot 105 milijonov od tega namenjeno glavni vrstici 19 04 03: razvijanje in utrjevanje demokracije in načela pravne države — spoštovanje človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin
For 2006, more than EUR 105 million out of this is entered on the main line 19 04 03: Development and consolidation of democracy and the rule of law - Respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms
Druge postavke programa EIDHR so: 19 04 01: evropski meduniverzitetni center (Benetke), 19 04 02: podpora žrtvam kršitev človekovih pravic, 19 04 04: podpora Mednarodnemu kazenskemu sodišču,
the other lines of the EIDHR are: 19 04 01: European Inter-university Centre (Venice), 19 04 02: Support for the victims of human rights abuses, 19 04 04: Support for the International Criminal Court,
19 04 05: pripravljalni ukrepi za vzpostavitev mreže za preprečevanje sporov
19 04 05: Preparatory action to establish a conflict-prevention network
Možno je opaziti, da se raven malo nad 100 milijonov dejansko sklada z okvirnimi finančnimi sredstvi, zajetimi v dveh uredbah Sveta.
It could be noted that the level slightly above 100 million in fact corresponded to the indicative financial envelopes included in the two Council Regulations.
Za investicijski "skok" v letu 2004 se je odločil Parlament (v nasprotju s predlogi Komisije in Sveta) in je bil pravzaprav možen zato, ker program ni bil v celoti sprejet v postopku soodločanja.
The "jump" in funding in 2004 was decided by the Parliament (against the proposals of Commission and Council) and was actually possible since the programme was not fully co-decided.
Glavna proračunska vrstica programa EIDHR (19 04 03) se izvaja na podlagi razpisa za zbiranje predlogov in se osredotoča na štiri glavne kampanje.
The EIDHR's main budget line (19 04 03) is implemented following calls for proposals and centres around four main 'campaigns".
Prav tako je bilo izbranih nekaj držav prejemnic, vendar ni znano po kakšnem merilu.
A number of recipient countries have also been chosen, but it is not clear according to which criteria.
Program EIDHR, kar je verjetno manj znano, ravno tako zagotavlja nekaj neposrednega financiranja mednarodnih organizacij.
The EIDHR, perhaps less known, also provides some direct funding to international organisations.
To pa je pogosto predmet kritike s strani nevladnih organizacij.
This is often criticised by the NGOs.
Sprašujejo, zakaj bi moral takšen instrument, kot je EIDHR, zagotavljati osrednje financiranje urada visokega komisarja za človekove pravice v Ženevi (Združeni narodi)?
They question why an instrument like the EIDHR should provide core funding for the Office of the High Commissioner for HR in Geneva (UN) ?
Ali pa "ciljne projekte", ki podpirajo projekte Združenih narodov?
Or "targeted projects" to support to UN projects?
Potrebno je poudariti, da za obdobje od leta 2007-2013 Parlament vztraja na tem, da se predstavi ločen zakonodajni predlog za instrument za demokracijo in človekove pravice.
It should be emphasised that for the period 2007-2013, the Parliament has insisted that a separate legislative proposal for a Democracy and Human Rights Instrument be presented.
Omenjeno bo potrebno financirati iz splošnega sporazuma za postavko 4 novega večletnega finančnega okvira (MFF), kar je določil proračunski organ.
This will need to be financed under the global agreement for heading 4 of the new multi-annual financial framework (MFF) as agreed by the budgetary authority.
V PPP Komisije za proračunsko leto 2007 so ukrepi v zvezi s človekovimi pravicami predstavljeni posebej (poglavje 19 04) v okviru proračunske nomenklature, vendar kot del štirih glavnih instrumentov s stališča zakonodaje (v skladu z izvirnim predlogom Komisije za nove zunanje instrumente).
The Commission's PDB 2007 presents the human rights actions separately (chapter 19 04) in terms of budget nomenclature, but as part of the four main instruments in legislative terms (in accordance with the Commission's original proposal for the new external instruments).
Skupna raven proračunskih sredstev je 130, 7 milijonov evrov.
The overall level of appropriations is EUR 130, 7 million.
Prednosti in slabosti programa EIDHR
The strengths and weaknesses of the EIDHR
Čeprav nikakor ne izčrpno, želi poročevalec podrobneje predstaviti nekatere stalne točke, ki se vedno znova omenjajo v povezavi s programom EIDHR.
While in no way pretending to be exhaustive, the rapporteur wishes to highlight some of the traditional points that have consistently been mentioned in relation to the EIDHR.
Pozitivne točke
Positive points
Na splošno velja, da je velika prednost programa njegova (potencialna) možnost, da podpira ukrepe, ki ne uživajo nujno podpore "lokalnih" vlad.
It is generally believed that strong feature of the programme is its (potential) ability to support actions which do not necessarily have the consent of "local" governments.
Ni potrebno posebej poudariti, da so to pogosto dogaja v državah, v katerih je že sam obstoj dela za demokracijo in človekove pravice lahko prepovedan ali pa vsaj zelo otežen.
Needless to say, this can often be the case in countries in which even the very existence of democracy and human rights work might be banned or strongly discouraged.
Kljub temu se zdi, da se ta pozitivni del programa ne izvaja prav pogosto v praksi.
This positive element however does not seem to be used very often in practice.
Prejšnja prerazporeditev proračunskih vrstic in zahteva EP o ločeni uredbi bi omogočila večjo preglednost na tem področju, ki je že po tradiciji prednostna politična naloga Parlamenta.
The previous re-grouping of budget lines and the EP's demand for a separate regulation would allow for greater visibility in this area which traditionally is a political priority for the Parliament
Obstaja možnost, da bi se izpeljala bolj učinkovita poraba sredstev in bolj pomembni projekti, če bo Komisija izrabila priložnost in omogočila uspešen "dekoncentracijski" postopek.
There could be a potential to achieve better value-for-money and more relevant projects if the opportunity to make a success of the "deconcentration" process of the Commission is taken.
Na ta način bi se projekti vedno bolj opredeljevali in sprejemali na ravni delegacij ES (ne pa direktno v Bruslju).
In this way, projects should increasingly be identified and approved al EC delegation level (rather than centrally in Brussels).
To bi omogočilo boljšo lokalno usklajenost med donatorji in zmanjšalo administrativne stroške.
It should provide for better local coordination between donors and, also, cut down on administrative burdens.
Negativne točke
Negative points
Na ravni strategije so se pojavljala vprašanja v zvezi z dolgoročnim vplivom financiranja (trajnost čez daljše obdobje), ker je financiranje večinoma usmerjeno v individualne projekte na krajše obdobje.
On the strategic level, question marks have been raised as to the long-term impact of funding (sustainability over time) as financing is predominantly dispersed for individual projects over a short period of time.
V različnih ocenah je bilo poudarjeno, da je težko zapaziti kakršnokoli stalno strategijo in da je bilo financiranje veliko preveč razpršeno, da bi bila s tem dosežena "kritična masa"učinkovitosti.
It has been pointed out in various evaluations, that it is difficult to discern any consistent strategy and that financing has been spread far too thinly to reach a "critical mass" of real impact.
Program se spopada z resnimi problemi, kar se tiče administrativnih postopkov, še posebej razpisnih postopkov in zamud.
The programme has been bedevilled with serious problems as regards administrative procedures, especially concerning tendering procedures and delays.
V prizadevanju, da se odzove na nastalo situacijo, v kateri bi bili proračunski skladi lahko skoraj v dvoletnem zaostanku (t.j. proračunska sredstva, o katerih se je glasovalo eno leto, recimo leta 2003, so se v najboljšem primeru začela uporabljati konec leta 2004) se je Komisija odločila za nenavadno odločitev, da "združi" razpisa za oddajo predlogov za glavno proračunsko vrstico iz leta 2005 in 2006, da bi tako do leta 2007 lahko pričeli na novo.
In an effort to address a situation in which budgetary funds could be lagging almost two years behind (i.e. appropriations voted for one year, say, 2003 would at best start to be implemented at the end of 2004), the Commission took the (unusual) decision to "merge" the 2005 and 2006 calls for proposals for the main budget line, with a view to a "fresh start" by 2007.
To naj bi bilo v povezavi z velikimi zaostanki razpisa za leto 2005.
This was apparently related to huge delays for the 2005 call.
V nekaterih pogledih se zdi, da veliko število reorganizacij znotraj Komisije do zdaj še ni imelo pozitivnega učinka.
In some ways, it seems that a successive number of internal Commission reorganisations have not yet had any positive impact.
Zdi se, da glavno proračunsko delo Komisije v okviru sodobnejših okvirov ocenjevanja (uporaba kazalcev za ocenjevanje učinkovitosti in cenovne primernosti) zaostaja na tem področju.
The general budgetary work of the Commission in terms of more modern forms of evaluation of activities (using indicators to measure performance and value-for-money) seems to be lagging behind in this area.
Pojavila so se vprašanja o tem, kako lahko tisto, kar so pokazale pretekle izkušnje, prispeva h izboljšanju kakovosti programa.
Questions have been raised as to how lessons learned are fed back in order to contribute to the qualitative improvement of the programme.
Možna povezava s pregledom finančne uredbe
Possible link to the review of the Financial Regulation
Poročevalec se sprašuje, če bi bila lahko reforma finančne uredbe priložnost, da se rešijo nekatere administrativne težave in zamude, ki so se pojavile v programu EIDHR?
The rapporteur wonders whether the reform of the Financial Regulation might be an opportunity to address some of the administrative problems and delays encountered in the EIDHR?
EP je 15. marca 2006 sprejel različne predloge sprememb, ki bi lahko bili pomembni.
The EP, on 15 March 2006, adopted various amendments that could be relevant.
Na splošno je poudarjeno načelo sorazmernosti administrativnih ukrepov (zahtevana kontrola mora biti v sorazmerju vključenimi zneski in tveganji).
In general, the principle of proportionality of administrative action is highlighted (the required checks should be proportionate to the amounts and risks involved).
Število posebnih predlogov sprememb je predstavljenih tudi za splošno področje štipendij.
A number of specific amendments are also introduced for the general section on grants.
GD za proračun Komisije trenutno obravnava spremenjeni predlog in bo očitno v celoti ali delno sprejel predloge sprememb Parlamenta.
The Commission's DG Budget is currently working on a modified proposal apparently taking on board either in full or in part the amendments of the Parliament.
Zanimivo bi bilo izvedeti, kakšno je stališče Komisije glede pravil za občutljive finančne odločitve na tem področju, ki lahko vključuje organizacije, ki so prepovedane ali pod stalno grožnjo svojih vlad.
It would be interesting to know the position of the Commission as regards the rules for sensitive funding decisions in this area, which could involve organisations that are banned or under severe threat from their respective governments.
Ali bi bila Komisija pripravljena posredovati v takšnih težkih okoliščinah?
Would the Commission be ready to act in such difficult circumstances?
Poročevalec poudarja, da bo zakonodajna odgovornost pristojnih odborov, da se odločijo o prihodnjih značilnostih novega instrumenta na tem področju, ki naj bi bil kos vse večjim zunanjim izzivom za novo finančno obdobje 2007-2013.
The rapporteur underlines that it will be the legislative responsibility of the competent committees to decide on the future characteristics of a new instrument in this field, which should be able to respond to growing external challenges for the new financing period 2007-2013.