natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Odpiranje meja za mednarodno trgovanje sproža znatne težave pri prilagajanju in dokazi kažejo, da so revne države v slabšem položaju glede lastne zaščite pred negativnimi učinki in pri izkoriščanju priložnosti.
The opening of borders to international trade involves important adjustment problems and there is evidence that poor countries are not as well placed to protect themselves against adverse effects and take advantage of opportunities.
Kot je veljalo za izgradnjo Evrope s pomočjo kohezijskih skladov, je treba v pogodbah predvideti ustrezna sredstva za države v razvoju, od katerih se zahteva, da svoje trge odprejo industrializiranim državam.
As has been the case in the building of Europe through the cohesion funds, it is necessary to foresee contractually adequate funding for developing countries while asking them to open markets to industrialised countries.
Tako bi tem državam omogočili, da oblikujejo ustrezen institucionalni okvir, pripravijo njihova gospodarstva na konkurenco tujih akterjev in se pripravijo, da nadomestijo dohodke, izgubljene z zniževanjem carinskih dajatev.
This would allow these countries to establish the institutionally adequate framework, to prepare their economies to competition with foreign players, and to organise the replacement of the income they lose by lowering their border-tariffs.
Na žalost je samodejno uveljavljanje odpiranja trgov že povzročilo ogromno škodo z vidika obsega revščine.
Unfortunately the automatic application of market opening has already caused enormous damages in terms of poverty.
V mnogih državah je pospešena liberalizacija povečala revščino med prebivalstvom.
In many countries, accelerated liberalisation has worsened the conditions of poverty of the population.
Liberalizacija je bila izvedena preko večstranskih sporazumov ali, še pogosteje, v okviru dvostranskih sporazumov ali pod pogoji, povezanimi z obveznostmi do mednarodnih finančnih institucij.
Liberalisation has been made in multilateral agreements or, more often, in the framework of bilateral agreements or under conditions linked to engagements with international finance institutions.
Trgovinska pogajanja: nevarna predvsem za revne
Trade negotiations especially critical for the poor
Na določenih področjih nekatere, čeprav majhne, spremembe trenutne usmeritve v mednarodnih trgovinskih pogajanjih lahko veliko prispevajo k izboljšanju razmer za revne ljudi.
There are some areas where some changes, even small, in the current orientation of international trade negotiations could do a lot of difference for the poor.
Danes ni več možno spregledati učinkov trenutne globalizacije in proizvodnih sistemov na okolje.
It is impossible today to ignore the effects of the current globalisation and production systems on the environment.
Čeprav te težave vplivajo na vse ljudi, je potrebno poudariti, da posledice uničenja okolja prvi utrpijo revni.
But as these problems affect everybody, it is important to stress that poor people are the first affected by the destruction of the environment.
"Pri gospodarjenju z vsemi živimi bitji in naravnimi viri moramo biti previdni in ravnati v skladu s smernicami trajnostnega razvoja.
"Prudence must be shown in the management of all living species and natural resources, in accordance with the precepts of sustainable development.
Le tako lahko neizmerljivo bogastvo, ki nam ga nudi narava, ohranimo in posredujemo dalje našim naslednikom.
Only in this way can the immeasurable riches provided to us by nature be preserved and passed on to our descendants.
Trenutne netrajnostne vzorce proizvodnje in potrošnje moramo spremeniti v interesu naše prihodnje dobrobiti in dobrobiti naših naslednikov. "
The current unsustainable patterns of production and consumption must be changed in the interest of our future welfare and that of our descendants. "
Deklaracija tisočletja Združenih narodov, 2000
United Nations Millennium Declaration, 2000
Obstajajo številni primeri: na primer 90 % ribičev na svetu, kar pomeni 40 milijonov ljudi, dela kot majhni samozaposleni obrtniki in so skrajno revni.
Examples are many: For instance, 90 % of fishermen worldwide, 40 million people, are employed in small scale artisanal fishing and are overwhelmingly poor.
Liberalizacija ribištva neposredno ogroža njihovo preživetje.
Liberalisation of fishing is directly threatening them of their livelihoods.
Zato bi bilo treba prenoviti potekajoča trgovinska pogajanja v STO in dvostranske trgovinske sporazume, da bi tako preprečili popolno liberalizacijo trgov na področjih, kot so lesni proizvodi, ribe in ribji proizvodi, pridobivanje in distribucija vode, upravljanje z naravnimi parki, vključno s področji z izjemno biotsko raznovrstnostjo, patentiranje življenjskih oblik in pridobivanje tradicionalnega znanja v korist investitorjev.
For this reason the current trade negotiations at the WTO and in bilateral trade agreements should be reviewed in order to prevent the complete liberalisation of markets in areas such as forest products, fish and fish products, water extraction and distribution, and the management of natural parks, including biodiversity hotspots, the patenting of life forms, and the appropriation of traditional knowledge for the benefit of investors.
Ta trgovinska pogajanja zadevajo na milijone ljudi, ki morajo sčasoma zapustiti področja, na katerih živijo in se preseliti v velika mesta ali se na koncu izseliti.
These trade negotiations concern millions of people obliged eventually to abandon the areas where they live for big cities and eventually to migrate.
Nekaj korakov je bilo storjenih v pravi smeri
Some steps are being taken in the right direction.
Ob današnjih svetovnih izrednih razmerah zaradi podnebnih sprememb vsakršno uničenje okolja, nesorazmernost med pravili trgovanja in sankcijami na eni strani in popustljivo okoljsko zakonodajo na drugi strani stane izredno veliko ter ni prilagojeno potrebam družbe.
Today, with global urgency on climate change, and all environmental destruction, the imbalance between, on the one hand, trade rules with sanctions and, on the other, soft environmental laws is particularly costly and inadequate to the necessities of the society.
Države in zakonodajalci so odgovorni, da to brez odloga popravijo.
The states and the legislators have the urgent responsibility to correct it.
Kmetijstvo in proizvodi
Agriculture and commodities
Kmetijstvo je še eno izmed občutljivih področij za razmere revnih ljudi, tako v industrializiranih državah kot v državah v razvoju.
Agriculture is another very sensitive area for the situation of the poor, both in industrialised and in developing countries.
Od podpisa Sporazuma STO o kmetijstvu leta 1994 hrana vedno bolj velja za običajno industrijsko blago, ki se proizvaja in prodaja tistim, ki si ga lahko privoščijo.
Since the WTO’s Agreement on Agriculture was signed in 1994, food is increasingly treated as just another industrial good to be produced and sold anywhere to those that can afford it.
S tem so se občutno spremenile razmere za revne ljudi, ki so se množično preseljevali v mesta.
This has created enormous changes in the situation of the poor with a mass migration of people to the cities.
Neodvisnost na področju hrane je tako postala omejena, zlasti za države v razvoju, možnosti revnih za dostop do varne hrane po pravičnih cenah pa so se zmanjšale.
And this has been limiting the food sovereignty especially for developing countries and the possibility of the poor to have access to safe food at fair prices.
Trenutno veljavna pravila so botrovala zlasti nepravičnim pogojem trgovine za majhne ali srednje velike kmete po vsem svetu.
The current rules have generated particularly inequitable terms of trade for small or middle farmers worldwide.
Posledica: izjemno veliko število majhnih in srednje velikih kmetij, tako na jugu kot na severu, izginja.
The consequence - An extraordinarily high number of small farms both in the South and the North are disappearing.
Gojenje monokultur vzpodbujajo ista pravila, od katerih imajo neznansko korist mednarodna kmetijska podjetja, hkrati pa so posledice za okolje dramatične.
Monoculture is encouraged by the same rules that benefit enormously international agribusiness, with dramatic consequences on the environment.
Eden od primerov katastrofalnih posledic takšne politike je pridelava soje, ki jo na račun uravnoteženega kmetovanja v Evropi pridelujejo v amazonskem pragozdu in mali kmetje v Braziliji, Argentini in Boliviji.
The cultivation of soy bean to feed protein to European animals, at the expense of balanced farming in Europe, the Amazonian Forest and small farmers in Brazil, Argentina and Bolivia, is only one possible example of the disastrous consequences of such a policy.
Zato je bistveno preusmeriti evropsko skupno kmetijsko politiko z omejevanjem subvencij, s čimer bi podprli resnično trajnostno kmetijstvo, ter v bran družbenih in ozemeljskih funkcij kmetijstva.
Therefore it is essential to reorient the European CAP in order to limit subsidies to support real sustainable agriculture, and the defence of the social and territorial functions of agriculture.
Vsakršen poskus, da bi to preložili na kasnejši čas, bo samo povečal družbene in okoljske stroške.
All intent to postpone it would only increase the social and environmental costs.
V minulih 15 letih je EU ukinila skoraj vse mehanizme za stabiliziranje cen proizvodov, zlasti v odnosih do AKP držav, z utemeljitvijo, da niso prinesli zadostnih rezultatov (Systmin, Stabex...) ali da niso skladni s pravili STO.
During the last 15 years, the EU has been dismantling nearly all instruments aimed to stabilise the price of commodities, particularly in its relations with ACP countries, arguing that they were not yielding sufficient results (Systmin, Stabex...) or that they were not compatible with WTO rules.
V istem obdobju so se cene večine proizvodov drastično zmanjšale, posledice za revne prebivalce sveta pa so bile ogromne.
Within the same period, prices of most commodities for producers have diminished drastically, with enormous consequences on the poor of the world ...
"Milijoni proizvajalcev so soočeni z gospodarsko krizo, ki presega tisto iz 1930-ih...
" Millions of producers of commodities are facing a depression even worse than the one of the ‘1930....At the end of the 80’s, the coffee exporting countries were receiving nearly 12 billions of dollars for their exports.
Ob koncu 80-ih let 20. stoletja so države, izvoznice kave, za svoj izvoz prejemale skoraj 12 milijard.
In 2003, they were exporting more coffee but were receiving less that half of the amount previously mentioned: 5,5 billions of dollars ", UNDP, World Report on Human development 2005, p.
Nadzor nad trgom proizvodov in koristmi, ki jih prinaša, je dandanes večinoma v rokah nekaj podjetij za trgovino na drobno.
The control of the commodities-market, -and the benefits of it- are today very much concentrated in the hands of few retailer companies.
To se zdi tipično področje, na katerem bi tako Evropska komisija kot STO lahko izpostavila oblikovanje mehanizmov za stabiliziranje cen izdelkov in vzpostavila razumsko ravnovesje med koristmi proizvajalcev in prodajalcev.
This seems to be a typical area where the European Commission as well as the WTO should stress in the building of mechanisms to stabilise the price of commodities and establish a reasonable balance between the benefits of the producers and the retailers.
Storitve in javno zdravje
Services and public health
Dostop do minimalnih storitev je nujen pogoj za človeško dostojanstvo in demokracijo.
Access to minimum services is a necessary condition for human dignity and for democracy.
Vsakršno izboljšanje dostopa do javnih storitev ima takojšnje posledice za zmanjševanje revščine.
Any improvement of access to public services has immediate consequences in terms of poverty reduction.
Za revne ljudi je še zlasti občutljivo vprašanje dostop do vode, ki ima neznanske možnosti za prihodnje konflikte v tem stoletju.
Access to water is particularly sensitive for the poor and has enormous potential for future conflicts for this century.
Trenutna raba vode je skrajno neracionalna: 70 % vode je ta hip porabljene za namakanje (60 % od tega je izgubljene), 22 % porabi industrija in samo 8 % vode je namenjene za prehrano ljudi.
Actual use of water is totally irrational: 70% of the world’s water is now used for irrigation (of which 60% is wasted), 22%by industry and just 8% for human consumption.
Evropski parlament v svoji resoluciji o gospodarjenju z vodami v državah v razvoju "poudarja, da mora distribucija vode še naprej veljati za bistveno javno storitev"
In its resolution on water management in developing countries, the European Parliament "emphasises that distribution of water should be looked upon as essentially a public service"
Evropski parlament, 4. september 2003: Resolucija o Sporočilu Komisije o gospodarjenju z vodami v državah v razvoju in prednostnih nalogah razvojnega sodelovanja EU. .
European Parliament, 4 September 2003, Resolution on the Commission communication on water management in developing countries and priorities for EU development cooperation. .
Nekatere vlade - med njimi malijska - so sklenile, da gospodarjenje z vodami vrnejo javnemu sektorju.
Some governments - the one in Mali - have decided to return the management of water to the public sector.
V Urugvaju so s priljubljenim ukrepom omogočili spremembo ustave tako, da so pravico gospodarjenja z vodami omejili na javni sektor.
In Uruguay a popular initiative allowed an amendment in the Constitution in order to limit to the public sector the right to administrate water.
V Boliviji so revni ljudje, povezani z novo avtohtono vlado, preusmerili postopek privatizacije vode v dveh večjih mestih (Cochabamba in El Alto).
In Bolivia, poor people linked to the new indigenous government reversed the privatisation of water in two major cities (Cochabamba and El Alto).
Zdaj, ko že vemo, da bo voda v prihodnosti vzrok za konflikte, EU znotraj svoje politike preprečevanja sporov v trgovinskih pogajanjih ne bi smela postavljati zahtev za liberalizacijo distribucije vode in bi lahko prevzela pobudo, da se voda razglasi za univerzalno javno dobrino.
As it is now known that water is a reason for future conflicts, the EU, in view of its conflict-prevention policy should abstain from any demand of liberalisation of water distribution in any trade negotiation, and could undertake an initiative in order to turn water into a universal public good.
Javne storitve so del identitete Evrope.
Public services are part of the identity of Europe.
Pravična možnost za dostop vseh ljudi do osnovnih storitev velja za predpogoj za demokracijo in na tej osnovi so bile izgrajene vse evropske države.
Fair possibility for everyone to have access to basic services is considered a precondition for democracy and every European country has been built on this base.
Dostop revnih ljudi do osnovnih storitev na področjih, kot sta zdravstvo in izobraževanje, je nujen za razvoj in demokracijo v državah v razvoju.
Access by the poor to basic services in areas like health and education is absolutely necessary for development and democracy in developing countries.
Zato za takšna področja ne bi smeli zahtevati liberalizacije in bi morali izpostaviti zavzemanje za javne storitve, da bi tako dosegli skladnost s cilji zunanje politike EU, kot sta širjenje demokracije in človekovih pravic.
Therefore, demands for liberalisation should not include such areas, and promotion of public services should therefore be stressed in order to comply with the EU foreign policy objectives of promoting democracy and human rights.
V pogajalskem krogu iz Dohe je državam v razvoju pomembno dopustiti, da javno zdravstvo prepoznajo za ključno pravico, ki ima prednost pred dobički iz trgovine.
The recognition of public health as a major right, prior to trade profits, is an important concession to developing countries in the Doha negotiations.
Vsak nadaljnji korak pri izvajanju tega načela, glede na slab dostop do zdravil - čeprav je bila obljubljena temeljita reforma Sporazuma o trgovinskih vidikih pravic intelektualne lastnine (TRIPS) - bi takoj vplival na življenja milijonov revnih ljudi, ki nimajo denarja za zdravila proti boleznim, katerih posledice za razvoj njihovih držav so izjemno negativne.
Any further step to apply this principle, giving the poor effective access to medicines, -through a reform of the TRIPS Agreement as promised- would have an immediate effect on the lives of millions of poor people who can not afford the price of medicines to fight diseases that have enormous negative effects on the development of their countries.
Blago in storitve
Goods and services industry
Tako v industrializiranih državah kot v državah v razvoju mora biti pravica do industrializacije priznana za eno izmed razvojnih pravic.
The right to industrialisation as a development right must be recognised both for developing and currently industrialised countries.
Politike EU bi morale biti usmerjene k ustvarjanju osnovnih pogojev za vzpodbujanje industrijskih sektorjev blaga in storitev v Evropi in ne služiti evropskim investitorjem kot način nadzora tujih gospodarstev.
EU policies should be oriented towards creating basic conditions that promote the industry of goods and services in Europe, not as means for European investors to control foreign economies.
Odsotnost socialnih pravic in učinkovitega izvajanja socialnih pravil v državah, ki blago in storitve izvažajo v Evropo, ogroža njihovo industrializacijo in osnovne pravice delavcev.
The absence of social rights and of an effective application of social rules in countries exporting goods and services to Europe represents a danger for its industrialisation and for the basic rights of its workers.
Za države v razvoju je industrializacija bistvena za spopadanje z revščino in prekinitev začaranega kroga odvisnosti od proizvodov brez dodane vrednosti.
For developing countries, industrialisation is essential to tackle poverty, and to cut the vicious circle of dependence on commodities with no added value.
Za industrializacijo revnih držav sta potrebna dva osnovna pogoja: možnost zaščite njihovih trgov industrijskih proizvodov pred velikimi podjetji, vsaj v prvi fazi njihovega razvoja - tako kot so to storile industrializirane države - in dostop do tehnologije.
Two basic conditions are necessary for the industrialisation of poor countries: the possibility to protect their markets in industrialised goods from very big players at least at the first stage of their development - just as industrialised countries did - and the access to technology.
Dostop do tehnologije pomeni dostop do patentov, od katerih jih je 90 % v lasti industrializiranih držav.
Access to technology means access to patents, 90% of which are owned by the industrialised countries.
Vsakršna preusmeritev v trenutnih pogajanjih o dostopu do trga za nekmetijski sektor, ki bi državam v razvoju omogočila zaščito trgov, kot tudi vsakršna sprememba sporazuma TRIPS v takšni smeri, bi prinesli koristi revnim prebivalcem držav v razvoju.
Any reorientation of the current negotiations of NAMA in order to allow developing countries to protect their market, and any amendment of the TRIPS Agreement in this direction would have enormous beneficial consequences for poor people in developing countries.
Za zmanjšanje revščine je treba storiti veliko in marsikaj lahko dosežemo s spremembo trgovinskih pravil.
Much must be done urgently for poverty-reduction, and much can be done through a change in trade rules.
Podali smo samo nekaj predlogov, da bi razširili obseg razprave in dejavnosti v mednarodni trgovinski politiki bolj usmerili k dolgoročnim težavam, zmanjševanju revščine in razumski rabi naravnih virov ter izgradnji miru na svetu.
These are only some proposals in order to widen the discussion and to bring to action an international trade policy more oriented towards long term concerns, towards poverty reduction, and towards the rational use of natural resources and the building of a peaceful world.
o trgovini in revščini: oblikovanje trgovinskih politik za dosego maksimalnega prispevka trgovine v boju proti revščini
on trade and poverty: designing trade policies to maximise trade’s contribution to poverty relief
Odbor za razvoj poziva Odbor za mednarodno trgovino kot pristojni odbor, da v svoj predlog resolucije vključi naslednje pobude:
The Committee on Development calls on the Committee on International Trade, as the committee responsible, to incorporate the following suggestions in its motion for a resolution:
4. poudarja, kako pomembno je ohraniti in okrepiti večstranske trgovinske okvire; ponovno opozarja, da je treba v okviru STO kot foruma za oblikovanje sistema mednarodne trgovine, ki temelji na pravičnih pravilih, posebno pozornost nameniti krepitvi pogajalske moči držav v razvoju, da bodo sposobne bolje zastopati svoje trgovinske interese in jih vključiti v svetovno gospodarstvo;
Stresses the importance of maintaining and strengthening the multilateral trade frameworks; recalls that within the WTO, as a forum for shaping a fair rules-based system for international trade, special emphasis should be placed on increasing the developing countries’ negotiating capacities in order to enable them to better represent their trade interests and integrate them into the global economy;
6. pozdravlja odločitev o odpravi izvoznih subvencij v kmetijstvu do leta 2013 in znova poziva, naj se izvajanje že sprejetih sklepov bistveno pospeši; pri tem pa poziva Komisijo, naj nadaljuje z razpravami o načinih, s katerimi bi lahko znižali domače kmetijske subvencije in tarife v vseh industrijskih državah, saj te subvencije predstavljajo le 3,5 % celotne pomoči EU na področju kmetijstva;
Welcomes the decision to abolish export subsidies in agriculture by 2013 and calls once again for the implementation of decisions already taken to be brought forward significantly; however, as these export subsidies account for only 3.5% of overall EU agricultural support, urges the Commission to continue discussions on finalising the modalities by which agricultural domestic subsidies and tariffs can be reduced in all industrialised countries;
8. poudarja, kako pomembne so za države v razvoju surovine, kot so sladkor, banane in bombaž; poziva Evropsko unijo, naj državam v razvoju ponudi potrebno pomoč za reformo njihovih sektorjev za sladkor; graja pomanjkanje učinkovite rešitve za problem bombaža v Hongkongu;
Stresses the importance of commodities such as sugar, bananas and cotton for developing countries; calls upon the European Union to offer developing countries the necessary assistance to reform their sugar sectors; deplores the lack of an effective solution to the cotton problem in Hong Kong;
13. ponovno opominja, da je treba nujno ustaliti cene blaga in pregledati mehanizem upravljanja dobave na mednarodnih blagovnih borzah; poziva Komisijo, naj podpre obstoječe predloge afriških članic STO, da se ukrep v zvezi s cenami blaga vključi v sedanji krog pogajanj STO;
Recalls the urgent need for stabilisation of commodity prices and a review of supply management mechanisms on international commodity markets; calls on the Commission to support existing proposals of African WTO members to have action on commodity prices included in the current Round of WTO negotiations;
17. meni, da lahko na povečanje blaginje v prihodnosti poleg trgovine vpliva zlasti gospodarski razvoj ter vlaganje v mala in srednje velika podjetja, ki proizvajajo izdelke in zagotavljajo storitve; še posebej poziva Evropsko investicijsko banko, naj razvije več programov za te ciljne skupine;
Considers that not only trade, but especially economic development, investment in small and medium sized businesses which supply goods and services, can have an impact on an increase in wealth in the future; calls, in particular, on the European Investment Bank to develop more programmes for these target groups;
Trgovina in revščina: oblikovanje trgovinske politike, ki bo povečala prispevek trgovine k odpravi revščine
Trade and poverty: designing trade policies to maximise trade’s contribution to poverty relief