natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Če se znajdemo v takšnem položaju, potem bodo posledice občutila vsa gospodarstva, razlaga belgijski poslanec Philippe Lamberts (Zeleni), njegov grški kolega Nikolaos Chountis (GUE/NGL) pa opozarja, da lahko previsoki primanjkljaji in presežki privedejo do velikih družbenih razlik.
Greek GUE/NGL member Nikolaos Chountis notes "when you are a member of an economic and monetary union, which faces huge structural problems, every macroeconomic imbalance (either surplus or deficit), implies extreme socioeconomic inequalities.
"Primer je položaj delavcev v državah, kot je Grčija, kjer se zaposleni soočajo z varčevalnimi ukrepi, medtem ko se morajo delavci v Nemčiji že nekaj let sprijazniti s počasno rastjo svojih plač," razlaga poslanec.
For example it is employees in the peripheral countries, who are affected by the austerity measures, and workers in Germany, who have had to deal, for decades now, with salary stagnation."
So ta gospodarska neravnotežja vzrok krize v območju evra?
But are those imbalances to blame for the current crisis in the euro-zone?
Za krizo ni enega samega vzroka, vendar so neravnotežja prispevala k slabemu položaju javnih financ v nekaterih državah, pravi finski liberalec Carl Haglund in izpostavlja primer Portugalske, ki že vrsto let trpi zaradi nizke konkurenčnosti svojega gospodarstva.
"No single factor can be seen as the cause for the crisis, but the macroeconomic imbalances in member states have contributed to the poor state of public finances in certain countries," according to Carl Haglund , who drafted the report on enforcement measures to correct excessive macroeconomic imbalances in the euro area.
"V drugih državah so težave posledica neodgovornega kreditiranja in nevzdržnih javnih financ," pojasnjuje poslanec.
In other countries the roots of the problems can be found in irresponsible lending and unsustainable public finances."
Lamberts ob tem dodaja, da je treba med vzroke krize prišteti tudi nepremičninske balončke na Irskem in v Španiji ter razlike v produktivnosti, ki najbolj izstopajo med Nemčijo in Grčijo.
"The crisis results from many factors: housing bubbles in Ireland and Spain; divergences in productivity, for example between Germany and Greece.
"Spremljanje različnih gospodarskih kazalcev, kot so rast cen nepremičnin, izvozni trendi, raven javnega in zasebnega zadolževanja, bi bilo koristno, saj je tako mogoče izvedeti, ali se stvari premikajo v pravo smer," je prepričan italijanski poslanec Herbert Dorfmann (EPP), ki še dodaja, da bi morala Evropska komisija v primeru neravnotežij državi priporočati ukrepe, kako naj jih odpravi.
"Constant monitoring of different indicators of macroeconomic development in the member states, such as house prices, export trends, public and private debt levels would be helpful," said Italian Christian Democrat Herbert Dorfmann .
Po mnenju Haglunda lahko ustrezni ukrepi preprečijo nastanek neravnotežij ali jih zmanjšajo.
Rightly-targeted measures can prevent imbalances or reverse unsustainable trends."
"To pa so banke in podjetja, ki so Grčijo potopila v dolg zaradi predragih razpisov," je oster poslanec.
"Requiring member states to address their macroeconomic imbalances is not about imposing measures that hurt countries or their citizens and punishing those already under a lot of pressure," said Mr Haglund.
Kakšno odgovornost imajo za krizo države z visokimi presežki, kot sta npr.
"It is more harmful if excessive macroeconomic imbalances are not dealt with, as they can have a drastic effect on the economy as a whole."
Nemčija in Finska?
What about countries with big surpluses like Finland or Germany?
Bi morale te države spodbuditi domačo potrošnjo?
In Germany, the price of labour has been kept artificially low.
Poslanci potrdili zakonodajni paket o gospodarskem upravljanju Poročilo o ukrepih za odpravo čezmernih makroekonomskih neravnovesij v euroobmočju Poročilo o preprečevanju in odpravljanju makroekonomskih neravnovesij
You will also find links to audiovisual information about the economic governance package, as well as videos on EuroparlTV and a link to the press conference following the vote on the package in the Economics Committee Audiovisual page on economic governance Economic governance on EuroparlTV Press conference following the Committee vote Watch the video
Zadolževanje v EU: Bowlesova meni, da bo Parlament obrzdal apetite držav
Economics Committee chair on economic governance package: big shock for Council
Poslanka Sharon Bowles Medtem ko skušajo voditelji v Evropski uniji zajeziti krizo v območju evra, se Evropski parlament ukvarja z oblikovanjem ukrepov, ki bi preprečili, da se podobni pretresi zgodijo v prihodnosti.
ITW with MEP Sharon Bowles While member states are trying to fix the crisis in some euro-zone countries, Parliament is already focusing on preventing this happening in the future.
Zakonodajni paket o gospodarskem upravljanju, o katerem bodo poslanci glasovali na plenarnem zasedanju junija, tako uvaja strožje sankcije za prezadolžene države in več preglednosti pri sprejemanju odločitev o njih.
It is focusing on a package of measures to better monitor member state budgets and deficits and measures to determine and repair imbalances between EU economies.
Pogovarjali smo se s predsednico odbora za gospodarske in denarne zadeve Sharon Bowles.
We put a few questions on the economic governance package to Economics Committee Chair Sharon Bowles, who is currently negotiating with member states, ahead of a vote in plenary.
Kaj želi Parlament s tem zakonodajnim paketom doseči?
What does Parliament want to achieve with this package?
Najbolj pomemben je poudarek na več preglednosti in odgovornosti držav članic.
Most important is the transparency issue, which also means the accountability of the member states.
Uvesti želimo obrnjeno kvalificirano večino za glasovanje o sankcijah, kar pomeni, da bi sankcije za neupoštevanje pakta o stabilnosti in rasti, ko bi bile enkrat predlagane s strani Komisije, začele veljati avtomatsko, razen če bi države EU s kvalificirano večino odločile proti uvedbi sankcij.
We want to apply reversed qualified majority voting (Council would have to vote to stop measures being imposed on members that do not correctly apply Stability and Growth Pact rules rather than vote in favour, making it easier to get the measures approved) as the normal process for economic governance measures.
Evropska centralna banka se s tem strinja, saj želi bolj avtomatsko odločanje.
The European Central Bank agrees with us on this, wanting to increase the automaticity of decisions.
Želimo, da se to ne bi več dogajalo.
We want to be sure this cannot happen again in the future.
Potem je tukaj vprašanje glob.
Then there is the issue of the fines.
So pomembne, vendar nismo preveč navdušeni nad tem, da bi oglobili države, ki so že tako ali tako v težavah.
They are important, although we are not fond of countries that are already in trouble needing to pay a fine.
Pomembno je tudi zagotoviti profesionalno zbiranje statistik in preverjanje finančnega položaja države.
It is also very important to ensure the professional independence of statistics and audits about a country's financial situation.
Kako pomembno je vprašanje preglednosti?
How important is the transparency issue?
Treba je imeti na voljo podatke o izpostavljenosti.
Information relating to off-balance sheet as well as on-balance sheet exposures is necessary.
Ljudje morajo vedeti, kaj se dogaja v njihovi državi, pa tudi v Svetu EU, še posebej takrat ko namerava ta državi predlagati ukrepe, ki bodo zadevali njene prebivalce.
Furthermore, people need to know what is going on in their own country and in Council, especially if some kind of action or recommendation that might affect them is likely.
Želimo, da so državljani udeleženi v tem projektu sodelovanja med državami EU na področju proračunske politike.
We want the member states, their parliaments and their citizens to have ownership of this project of budgetary cooperation.
Ali obstaja nevarnost, da bo proračunsko varčevanje ogrozilo gospodarsko rast in okrevanje?
Isn't there a danger that austerity measures will hinder growth and recovery?
Zakonodajni paket ne predpisuje varčevanja, ampak to bo seveda potrebno v primerih, ko je treba znižati primanjkljaje.
The package does not prescribe austerity, but that is a consequence if large fiscal adjustments have to be made.
To je bistvo in pri tem vprašanju se v Parlamentu lomijo kopja.
This is a big part of the debate and the area where there is a difference of opinion in the Parliament.
Večina meni, da pakt o stabilnosti in rasti že sedaj pušča dovolj prostora za strukturne reforme.
However, all reports are about stimulation and growth which is why we are pushing for the inclusion of the 2020 strategy in all the factors that are taken into consideration.
So gospodarska neravnotežja tista, ki so povzročila krizo v območju evra?
Are imbalances to blame for the current crisis in the euro-zone?
Prav gotovo niso bila v pomoč.
Well, the imbalances have not helped.
V prihodnosti se bomo se tem morali spopasti.
In the future, this is something we need to be able to address.
Države, ki imajo velike presežke, nosijo del odgovornosti za napihovanje balončkov v drugih državah, bodisi zaradi obrestnih mer ali zaradi bančnih posojil in vlaganj v države, ki so sedaj v težavah.
The countries that have a large surplus have some responsibility through the effect on the economy and interest rate decisions or through their bank lending and investment policies in the countries that are now in trouble.
To torej ni samo problem slednjih.
That is why this not just a problem for the countries that are in trouble.
V tem smo skupaj in najti moramo rešitve.
We are all in this together and have to find solutions.
O paketu smo v odboru glasovali elektronsko, zato vemo, koliko podpore ima vsako dopolnilo.
No, the vote for the package in committee was electronic so we know what the majority was for every single amendment and in most things we were together.
Kjer so bile razlike, je bila večina še vedno zelo jasna, zato bo naša pogajalska pozicije nasproti državam EU jasna.
Where we did differ, the majority was still substantial, not marginal, and that is the basis of our mandate for negotiating.
Pa tudi v Svetu EU o teh zadevah še ni soglasja.
The Council is in the same position; they do not have unanimity either.
Menite, da so se države EU česa naučile iz pogajanj s Parlamentom o zakonodajnem paketu o nadzoru finančnih trgov?
What do you hope Member States have learnt since the tough negotiations with the EP on the financial supervision package?
Na področju finančnih storitev imata Svet EU in Parlament že dolgo enake pristojnosti, bitke med nami so vedno potekale.
Well, we have had co-decision on financial services for many years and have always had battles.
Kar je danes novega, je, da sedaj Parlament enakopravno odloča tudi v nadzoru nad proračunskimi politikami.
What is new here is that we have co-decision in an area of budgetary surveillance.
Države EU so bile verjetno malce šokirane ob tem dejstvu.
It was perhaps a bit of a shock for the Council to realise we have a role.
Ampak prav one so spremenile pogodbo o EU in nam dale to pristojnost.
However, they changed the Treaty and gave us this role.
V tem zakonodajnem paketu imamo štiri predloge, kjer soodločamo, pri dveh pa ne.
Two are not co-decision but we are in the position to sell this to the Council as a package.
Vendar pa lahko Svet EU prisilimo, da se z nami pogaja o celotnem paketu.
So we want the Council to consider our point of view for the reports of Ford and Ferreira as well.
Menite, da bo do dogovora z državami EU prišlo še pred poletjem?
Do you expect an agreement with Council before summer?
Tukaj bomo morali popustiti tako mi kot države EU.
However, we do not want a deal at any cost.
Vendar pa vsekakor nočemo dogovora za vsako ceno.
The vote on the package is planned for the June plenary in Strasbourg.
Poslanka Sharon Bowles Odbor za gospodarske in denarne zadeve
Profile Sharon Bowles Economics Committee
Poslanci želijo, da države EU spoštujejo omejitve za svoje zadolževanje
EP committee wants stricter adherence to debt, deficit rules
Ko so poslanci v odboru za gospodarske in denarne zadeve 19. aprila glasovali o zakonodajnem paketu o nadzoru nad zadolževanjem in gospodarskimi neravnotežji, je bil izid glasovanja tesen.
empty cash box The vote was tight on 19 April when the Economics Committee considered the economic governance package.
S poslanci, ki imajo vodilno vlogo v razpravah o zakonodajnem paketu o gospodarskem upravljanju, smo se pogovarjali o nekaterih najbolj žgočih vprašanjih v zvezi z njim.
We asked the MEPs dealing with the proposals on the reform of the Stability and Growth Pact to explain further.
Kako vpliva previsoka zadolženost na gospodarstvo?
What problems do high deficits and debt cause?
Pri tem države, ki imajo za svojo valuto evro, ne morejo z devalvacijo zmanjšati bremena svojega dolga.
"This is an even bigger concern for countries in a common currency, like the euro.
Slednji sicer obstaja že kar nekaj časa, vendar ga države EU niso pretirano spoštovale.
Diogo Feio, the Portuguese draftsman on the excessive deficit procedure.
Kasneje je bilo zato druge države težko prisiliti, da ta pravila spoštujejo," razlaga nizozemska poslanka Corien Wortmann-Kool (EPP), poročevalka za usklajevanje gospodarskih politik v EU.
So, later it was difficult to impose discipline on other countries."
Bo varčevanje še bolj zavrlo gospodarsko rast?
Won't austerity measures endanger growth and hurt the economy?
Nekateri poslanci so v razpravah opozarjali, da v času, ko potrošniki in podjetja ne poganjajo gospodarske rasti, ni pametno, da varčuje še država, saj bo to še bolj zavrlo gospodarsko rast.
"You can have austerity measures in some fields and not cut the spending that is necessary for the future.
"Na nekaterih področjih je varčevati smiselno, vsekakor pa ne gre zmanjševati vlaganj tam, kjer so ta pomembna za prihodnost," opozarja francoska poslanka Sylvie Goulard (ALDE).
There must be a fair burden of measures; they need to be shared fairly between rich and poor," French Liberal Sylvie Goulard, the rapporteur for budgetary surveillance in the euro area, said.
"Breme varčevanja mora biti pravično porazdeljeno med bogate in revnejše," še meni poročevalka o proračunskem nadzoru v območju evra.
"The public debt is a millstone around the neck of members.
Wortmann-Koolova meni, da visok dolg viša obrestne mere in zavira vlaganja, Fordova pa je prepričana, da države ne morejo izstopiti iz krize zgolj s proračunskim trošenjem.
If we don't solve this, it will be a heavy burden for future generations.
Nemški socialdemokrat Udo Bullman pa opozarja, da se preveč govori o sankcijah za previsoko zadolževanje, veliko manj pa o spodbudah za koristna vlaganja.
The interest that needs to be paid is putting a brake on economic growth.
Ob tem poročevalci poudarjajo, da je namen sankcij za previsoko zadolževanje ta, da se pravila spoštujejo.
Reducing it will provide financial room for investment, Ms Wortmann-Kool said.
"Preprečiti moramo velika odstopanja, zato je treba posredovati dovolj zgodaj," namen sankcij ob nepripravljenosti držav sprejeti ukrepe za znižanje zadolževanja razlaga Goulardova.
Ms Ford said, "there is certainly a delicate balance to be struck between managing debt levels and promoting growth.
Fordova pa izpostavlja, da bodo prišle sankcije v poštev samo, če države ne bodo sprejele varčevalnih ukrepov, ne pa že ob ugotovitvi, da je dolg oz. primanjkljaj previsok.
However, trying to spend your way out of a crisis is not a miracle solution."
Pritisk na države, ki ne spoštujejo pravil, mora biti bolj učinkovit, ugotavlja Goulardova, ki se podobno kot Wortmann-Koolova in Fordova zavzema za večjo preglednost postopkov zaradi previsokega zadolževanja in njihovo odprtost za javnost.
"We fear that only talking about sticks and not talking about carrots is going to ruin countries and the European economy as a whole," said German Socialist Udo Bullmann, who is following the coordination of economic policies for the Socialists.
Feio pričakuje, da se bo Parlament v prihodnjih tednih s Komisijo in državami EU uspel sporazumeti o vsebini zakonodajnega paketa o gospodarskem upravljanju in doseči dogovor, ki bo odgovoril na potrebe EU.
Our proposal is that the Commission should distinguish such 'good spending'."
Bullman ni tako optimističen.
Avoid fines....
"Sem zelo nezadovoljen s predlogi, ki so zdaj na mizi.
"The purpose of this legislation is not to punish.
Zakonodajni paket je zdaj nepravičen, neučinkovit in gre v nasprotno smer od tistega, kar potrebujemo, da moderniziramo naša gospodarstva," je kritičen poslanec, ki napoveduje boj proti prevelikemu poudarku predlogov na varčevanju.
It is to make clear that rules have to be respected and to have some deterrent sanctions in order to avoid states going too far," said Ms Goulard.
Poslanci nad vzroke krize s strožjimi sankcijami za zapravljive države
"We have to prevent big deviations; we need to intervene at a very early stage."
Poslanci so zato v torek, 19. aprila, v odboru za gospodarske in denarne zadeve podprli paket zakonodaje o tesnejšem usklajevanju gospodarskih politik v območju evra, katerega cilj je obrzdati zadolževanje držav EU in odpraviti neravnotežja v evropskem gospodarstvu.
We want problems to be spotted early and immediately corrected since the future of the EU lies in the stability and growth of all its members and not just a few."
Po mnenju mnogih so prav to vzroki krize.
...by letting transparency do the work
Poslanci so v svojih dopolnilih predloge Evropske komisije še zaostrili.
"We need to make peer pressure more efficient.
Tako za Komisijo samo predlagajo močnejšo vlogo v postopkih gospodarskega upravljanja, saj bi tako imele države EU manj prostora za izmikanje ukrepom za zajezitev proračunskega trošenja in neravnotežij.
The idea is to have a cross-border public discussion at a point where it is easier to correct something.
Za tiste države, ki bi jih zalotili pri goljufanju pri številkah o višini zadolževanja, poslanci predlagajo globo v višini 0,5 odstotka njihovega bruto domačega proizvoda.
Peer pressure behind closed doors has simply not worked," Ms Goulard said.
V zvezi z gospodarskimi neravnotežji so poslanci menili, da bi morale biti države EU, ki proti njim ne ukrepajo, postati tarča sankcij v višini 0,1 odstotka BDP že takoj po prvem opozorilu, kasneje pa bi se višina globe dvignila na 0,3 odstotke BDP.
"Reports about missions to the member states should be made public and we need reporting to the European Parliament to have a public debate.
Glasovanja o sankcijah bi morala biti načeloma javna, še zahtevajo poslanci.
This will put some pressure on the countries to comply with the rules," said Ms Wortmann-Kool.
V nekaterih primerih je krizo povzročilo neprevidno zadolževanje države.
But Mr Bullmann is less sanguine.
Tako je npr. grška vlada porabila veliko več denarja, kot ga je pobrala z davki, posledica česa sta potem bila visok proračunski primanjkljaj in javni dolg.
"I am totally dissatisfied with what is on the table.
Ko so se banke in drugi igralci na mednarodnem finančnem trgu zavedeli, da bi lahko imela Grčija težave z vračanjem posojil, so hipoma ustavili financiranje.
The package as it stands at the moment is unjust, ineffective and it is the opposite of what we need to modernise our economies," he said.
Gospodarstva s presežki, npr. nemško, nato preko finančnih trgov financirajo porabo gospodarstev s primanjkljaji, npr. irskega.
We will come back with our proposals especially for the Wortmann-Kool report to prevent a pure austerity concept from coming into existence."
Ko je ta počil, so se banke, ki so posojale denar kupcem nepremičnin, zamajale in država je morala priskočiti na pomoč z davkoplačevalskim denarjem.
Stethoscope sitting on a €10 bill 6 proposals on new economic rules aim to curb imbalances, reckless government spending 2000 amendments from MEPs Despite an encouraging, but fragile, recovery in the past couple of months, MEPs haven't lost sight of the continuing economic and social hardship in the European Union.
Glavni poudarki jasni: okrepiti je treba pakt o stabilnosti in rasti tako, da se bodo države, ki se preveč zadolžujejo, skoraj zagotovo morale soočiti s sankcijami.
the Commission should have a more important role in the surveillance of, and decisions on excessive deficits, vis-à-vis the Council, so that member states have less room for manoeuvre
Če torej ne bodo začele z zmanjševanjem primanjkljajev in javnega dolga (v povprečju pet odstotkov letno v obdobju treh let), ko bosta ta presegla tri oz.
countries caught cooking their accounts (reporting false statistics on debt etc.) should face a fine of 0.5% of GDP
Poslanci tudi poudarjajo, da je poleg brzdanja zadolževanja in odprave neravnotežij treba pozornost posvetiti tudi predlogom o uvedbi davka na finančne transakcije in evroobveznic.
MEPs also demand that the Commission allow member states to continue making investments that would be beneficial to their long-term health.
Poslanci bodo o zakonodajnem paketu glasovali na plenarnem zasedanju junija.
There is a fear among MEPs that growth and jobs are being left out of the recent legislative packages.
Upravljanje gospodarske politike v EU ni le brzdanje primanjkljajev
Quite a few MEPs have warned that cutting deficits in the face of recession might prolong and deepen it.
Poslanci so se v razpravi o gospodarskem upravljanju zavzeli za evropski pristop. ©BELGA_Photononstop_Jacques LOIC Nadzorovati je treba tudi gospodarska neravnotežja znotraj EU Poslanci za stalni mehanizem za reševanje kriz Krčenje proračunov je te dni v modi.
The approved texts also give a stronger legal backing to the European economic semester, some elements of the Euro Pact, and the National Reform Programme (NRP) procedures.
Države zaradi gospodarske krize ne poberejo več toliko davkov kot nekdaj, izdatkov za zdravstvo, pokojnine in druge socialne programe pa ni mogoče zmanjšati čez noč.
Diagnosis: crisis as a consequence of economic imbalances, exploding debt
Vendar pa Evropski parlament ugotavlja, da visoki primanjkljaji in javni dolg niso nujno posledica zapravljivosti države, ampak tudi njenega reševanja bank, katerih tvegano poslovanje je ogrozilo celotno gospodarstvo.
Two complementary problems are seen as at the root of Europe's economic crisis - reckless government spending and economic imbalances and both can lead to the EU having to step in with emergency loans.
Zato je treba nadzorovati tako dolg kot neravnotežja v evropskem gospodarstvu.
An example of the first case is Greek government spending.
Poslanci so tako 20. oktobra podprli poročilo svojega kolega, portugalskega poslanca Dioga Feia (EPP) , kjer je ta povzel predloge Evropskega parlamenta v zvezi z gospodarskim upravljanjem v EU.
To finance spending on wages, investment and social services in excess of tax revenue, the government ran a deficit and borrowed money from banks.
Pri tem ne gre samo za postopke, v skladu s katerimi se lahko članice soočijo z denarnimi sankcijami v primeru previsokega zadolževanja, ampak tudi za prepoznavanje neravnotežij v gospodarstvu EU, ki lahko pripeljejo do krize.
When the banks begin to fear loans might not be repaid because of high levels of public debt and recession, they cut back lending and the EU had to step in with emergency loans.
To bi bilo mogoče očitati Grčiji, katere javni dolg je leta 2006, torej še pred krizo, znašal 97.8 odstotka BDP (leta 2009 115.5 odstotka), ne pa tudi Irski, ki je imela istega leta dolg v višini 24.9 odstotka BDP.
This leads the private sector in countries with a deficit to borrow from countries with a surplus to finance for example a real estate bubble (like those seen in Ireland and Spain).
Ne zato, ker je Irska po nepotrebnem zapravljala za socialne programe v dobrih časih, ampak zato, ker se je odločila rešiti zasebne banke.
When the bubble bursts, government steps in to save the banks hiking up public debt.
Kako to, da teh nevarnosti ni noben predvidel?
Remedy: curb imbalances, sanction excessive spending