natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Kot član Komisije je odvisen od glasovanja Evropskega parlamenta o imenovanju kolegija in skupnemu odstopu, če Evropski parlament sprejme nezaupnico.
As a member of the Commission, his appointment must also be approved by the European Parliament when it votes on the investiture of the Commission as a whole, and if the Commission resigns en bloc following a motion of censure by the European Parliament, this also applies to him.
Trojna politična odgovornost ministra do Evropskega parlamenta, Sveta in predsednika Evropske komisije je pozitivna.
The threefold political responsibility of the Minister, to the European Parliament, the Council and the President of the Commission, is positive.
Vendar pa so možni morebitni spori med ministrom in predsednikom Komisije ali predsednikom Evropskega sveta in zaradi hibridnega statusa se lahko znajde v zadregi glede lojalnosti med Svetom in Komisijo.
But potential conflicts between the Minister and the President of the Commission or the President of the European Council remain possible, and his hybrid status may give rise to conflicts of loyalty to the Council and Commission.
Sodišče Evropske unije
The Court of Justice of the European Union
Ustava krepi vlogo sodne oblasti Unije, ki jo imenuje " Sodišče Evropske unije ", ki ga sestavljajo "Evropsko sodišče", "Visoko sodišče" in morebitna "specializirana sodišča", ki se lahko ustanovijo z evropskim zakonom
The Constitution also enhances the role of the Union's judicial wing, which it calls the ' Court of Justice of the European Union ', comprising the 'Court of Justice', the 'General Court' and possible 'specialised courts', which may be instituted by a European law
23 Ki ga Evropski parlament in Svet sprejmeta po običajnem zakonodajnem postopku, bodisi na predlog Komisije in po posvetovanju s Sodiščem, bodisi na zahtevo Sodišča in po posvetovanju s Komisijo.
Adopted by Parliament and the Council by means of the ordinary legislative procedure, either on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the Court of Justice, or at the request of the Court of Justice and after consulting the Commission. .
Akti Evropskega sveta in agencij bodo odslej podvrženi sodni presoji zakonitosti.
In future, acts of the European Council and of the agencies will be subject to judicial control to ensure their legality.
Pogoji dopustnosti pritožb fizičnih in pravnih oseb zoper uredbene akte so lažji.
The conditions for the admissibility of complaints by natural and legal persons about regulatory acts are eased.
Akti, sprejeti na področju sodnega sodelovanja v kazenskih zadevah in policijskega sodelovanja, so lahko v celoti predmet sodnega postopka, razen kar zadeva nadzor veljavnosti in sorazmernosti policijskih operacij in tudi izpolnjevanje obveznosti držav članic na področju vzdrževanja javnega reda in miru ter varovanja notranje varnosti.
There will be no restrictions on the bringing of actions against acts adopted in the field of judicial cooperation in criminal matters and police cooperation, except as regards reviewing the validity and proportionality of police operations and the exercise by States of their responsibilities for maintaining public order and internal security.
Nazadnje, čeprav akti, sprejeti na področju skupne zunanje in varnostne politike, ne morejo biti predmet takšne pritožbe, je sodišče vseeno pristojno za razsojanje o zakonitosti evropskih odločitev, ki predvidevajo omejevalne ukrepe zoper fizične in pravne osebe.
Finally, although the acts adopted in the field of the common foreign and security policy cannot in themselves be the subject of legal proceedings, the Court nonetheless has jurisdiction to consider the legality of European decisions providing for restrictive measures again legal and natural persons.
(1) Določbe o Evropski centralni banki (povzdignjeno na raven institucije Unije) in Računskem sodišču ostajajo skoraj nespremenjene.
The provisions concerning the European Central Bank (elevated to the rank of an institution of the Union) and the Court of Auditors remain virtually unchanged.
Pripomnimo samo, da člane izvršilnega odbora banke odslej imenuje Svet, ki odloča s kvalificirano večino in ne več soglasno.
However, it may be noted that the members of the Bank's Executive Board are in future to be appointed by the Council acting by a qualified majority and no longer unanimously.
Vendar pripomnimo, da Odbor regij pridobi pravico, da zaradi kršitve načela subsidiarnosti sproži pravni postopek zoper zakonodajne akte, za katere Ustava predvideva posvetovanje z njim.
However, the Committee of the Regions acquires the right to bring an action on grounds of a violation of the principle of subsidiarity by a legislative act for the adoption of which the Constitution requires it to be consulted.
Tako lahko zaključimo, da kljub nekaterim vidikom, za katere ne moremo vnaprej oceniti učinkovitosti predlaganih sprememb, Ustava pojasnjuje in krepi sposobnost institucij ter hkrati ohranja "metodo Skupnosti" in institucionalno ravnovesje, kar mora Uniji omogočiti, da se odzove na nov položaj, ki je nastal zaradi širitve, in se uveljavi v mednarodnih okvirih;
It may thus be concluded that, despite certain aspects with regard to which it is not possible to judge in advance how effective the proposed changes will be, the Constitution succeeds in clarifying and enhancing the capacity of the institutions while preserving the 'Community method' and the institutional balance, which should enable the Union to respond to the new situation arising from enlargement and assert itself in the international context.
Akti in postopki: doslednejši, natančnejši in razumljivejši sistem
Acts and procedures: a more coherent, precise and comprehensible system
Ustava dosega pomemben napredek pri poenostavljanju in racionalizaciji postopkov odločanja in instrumentov ukrepanja.
The Constitution brings about significant progress in terms of simplification and rationalisation of decision-making procedures and instruments for action.
Pridobitve, kar zadeva učinkovitost postopkov, njihovo demokratično legitimnost in preglednost, so očitne.
The gains as regards the efficiency of procedures, their democratic legitimacy and their transparency are obvious.
Celo spremembe terminologije so velike, zato da bi državljanu omogočili boljše razumevanje tega, kdo odloča o čem v Uniji in kako.
Even the changes of terminology are important in order to allow citizens to understand more clearly who decides what in the Union and how.
Tipologija pravnih instrumentov je poenostavljena in razjasnjena: potrjenih je šest vrst pravnih sredstev: zakon, okvirni zakon, uredba, sklep, priporočilo in mnenje.
The typology of legal instruments is simplified and clarified: six types of legal instrument are provided for: laws, framework laws, regulations, decisions, recommendations and opinions.
Gre za preproste, jasne izraze in oznaka evropski/evropska, dodana vsaki od teh vrst, bo državljanu omogočila razumeti, za kaj gre, ker imajo ti izrazi ustreznico v terminologiji, ki se uporablja v večini držav članic (zakon je normativni akt, ki izhaja iz parlamenta, uredba je normativni akt izvršilnega organa), s čimer se končuje dosedanja terminološka nejasnost in nenatančnost.
These terms are simple and clear, and the designation 'European' added to each of these categories will make it clear to the public what is meant, since they correspond to the terminology used in most Member States (a law is a set of rules emanating from Parliament, a regulation is a set of rules adopted by the executive), putting an end to the confusion and terminological imprecision which have prevailed until now.
Ustava vzpostavlja tudi jasno hierarhijo standardov.
The Constitution also establishes a clear hierarchy of instruments .
Jasno je izražena prevlada zakonodajnih aktov nad izvršilnimi.
The supremacy of legislative acts over executive acts is clearly stipulated.
Komisija je priznana kot evropski izvršilni organ, katerega naloga je sprejemati ukrepe, potrebne za izvajanje zakonodajnih aktov na evropski ravni, saj Svet le izjemoma opravlja izvršilne naloge, ko Ustava to izrecno določa ali ko zakonodajni akti to podrobno določajo in pravilno utemeljujejo..
The Commission is recognised as the European executive, which has the duty to take the necessary measures to implement legislative acts at European level, while the Council only exceptionally performs executive responsibilities, in the cases where the Constitution expressly so determines, or when legislative acts, stating due reasons, so specify.
Oblikovanje skupine uredb, sprejetih na podlagi prenesene pristojnosti, ki jih je zakonodajna oblast (Evropski parlament in Svet) zaupala Komisiji, bo lahko izboljšalo učinkovitost dejavnosti Unije, ker omogoča, da je zakonodajalec oproščen strokovnih podrobnosti, ki jih je izvršilni organ sposoben hitreje in ustrezneje obravnavati; oblikovanje spremljajo nujno potrebna jamstva nadzora, ki ga izvaja zakonodajna oblast (prek mehanizma, imenovanega "call-back"), pri čemer je zagotovljeno popolno sorazmerje med Evropskim parlamentom in Svetom
The creation of a category of delegated regulations , which involve power being delegated by the legislative authority (the European Parliament and the Council) to the Commission, will be able to render the Union's action more efficient, as there will be no need for the legislature to concern itself with technical details which can be dealt with more quickly and appropriately by the executive; delegation of powers is accompanied by the requisite guarantees of control by the legislative authority (by means of the 'call-back' procedure), and complete equality between the European Parliament and the Council is ensured
Novi zakonodajni postopki : Ustava jasno postavlja v ospredje običajni zakonodajni postopek (ki ustreza sedanjemu soodločanju), gre za glavni zakonodajni postopek, druge vrste postopkov so zasnovane kot izjeme, ki jih mora Ustava izrecno predvidevati.
The new legislative procedures : the Constitution clearly places the emphasis on the ordinary legislative procedure (which corresponds to the existing codecision procedure); this is the legislative procedure par excellence , which the other types of procedure are conceived as exceptions, which must be explicitly provided for in the Constitution.
Za ta postopek sta značilna pobuda Komisije (razen v nekaterih zadevah na področju območja svobode, varnosti in pravice, kjer si jo deli z najmanj 1/4 držav članic) in soodločanje Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta (nekaj majhnih sprememb, vnesenih v stari postopek soodločanja, skuša poudariti popolno enakost med tema dvema institucijama), pri čemer Svet odloča s kvalificirano večino.
The main features of the ordinary legislative procedure are as follows: the power of initiative rests with the Commission (except in the case of certain topics in the field of the area of freedom, security and justice, where the Commission shares it with at least 1/4 of the Member States), there is codecision by the European Parliament and the Council (some small changes which have been made to the old codecision procedure are intended precisely to stress the complete equality between the two institutions), and the Council adopts its decision by a qualified majority.
Svet na vseh teh področjih ne more več odločati sam, temveč samo v soglasju z Evropskim parlamentom.
In all these fields, the Council can no longer decide by itself, but only in agreement with Parliament.
Posebni zakonodajni postopki , v katerih ena od institucij sprejme akt s sodelovanjem druge institucije – ki lahko sega od odobritve do navadnega mnenja –, so žal še vedno preveč številni in v nekaterih primerih lahko razumemo izbiro te vrste postopka samo kot rezultat popuščanja na pogajanjih medvladne konference.
Regrettably, there are still too many cases in which special legislative procedures apply, so that one institution adopts an act with the participation of the other institution - which may range from assent to mere consultation - and in some cases it is difficult to see the choice of this type of procedure as anything but the result of concessions made during the negotiations at the Intergovernmental Conference.
Imamo tri primere zakonov Evropskega parlamenta, ki se sprejmejo z odobritvijot Sveta
There are three cases in which the European Parliament may enact laws with the assent of the Council
25 Zakon, ki določa status evropskih poslancev, zakon, ki določa status evropskega varuha človekovih pravic, in zakon, ki določa podrobna pravila uresničevanja pravice do preiskave (ki jo mora tudi odobriti Komisija) – glej Prilogo 4.
The law laying down the Statute for Members of the European Parliament, the law determining the status of the European Ombudsman and the law determining the procedures for the exercise of the right of inquiry (which likewise requires the assent of the Commission) - cf.
25 .Primerov zakonov Sveta je 28.
Annex 4. .
Kljub tem izjemam je gotovo, da Ustava prinaša jasen napredek na področju učinkovitosti in demokratične legitimnosti evropske zakonodaje.
Despite these exceptions, the Constitution undeniably represents distinct progress in terms of the efficiency and democratic legitimacy of European law-making.
Ta napredek poleg tega spremlja podoben napredek glede sprejemanja mednarodnih sporazumov, ki jih sklene Unija, zaradi širitve uporabe postopka glasovanja s kvalificirano večino v Svetu in zahteve po odobritvi Evropskega parlamenta (na primer, kar zadeva sporazume, ki vzpostavljajo skupno trgovinsko politiko).
This progress is accompanied by similar progress regarding the adoption of the international agreements concluded by the Union, thanks to the extension of the application of the qualified majority voting procedure in the Council and the requirement that the assent of the European Parliament be obtained (for example on agreements implementing the common commercial policy).
Finance Unije
The Union's finances
Eno od vprašanj, ki je povzročilo največ razprav v Konvenciji in medvladni konferenci, je bilo vprašanje reforme sistema financ Unije, zlasti proračunskega postopka.
One of the questions which gave rise to most debate, both at the Convention and at the Intergovernmental Conference, was reform of the Union's system of finance, particularly the budgetary procedure.
Šlo je za vzpostavitev sistema, ki bi v prihodnje omogočil ustrezno, pregledno in demokratično financiranje Unije, predvsem pa bi utrdil moč Evropskega parlamenta kot veje proračunskega organa, tako da bi mu podelil odločilno besedo pri celotnem proračunu Unije, tudi pri odhodkih, ki so bili do sedaj uvrščeni med "obvezne", kakršni so, denimo, odhodki skupne kmetijske in ribiške politike.
It was a matter of institutionalising a system which in future would make it possible to finance the Union adequately, transparently and democratically, and particularly for the European Parliament to consolidate its powers as an arm of the budgetary authority by giving it a decisive say on the whole of the EU budget, including expenditure hitherto classified as 'compulsory', such as expenditure on the common agricultural policy and the common fisheries policy.
Dokončni rezultat, četudi v splošnem pozitiven, je nekoliko spremenila medvladna konferenca, ki ni v celoti sledila predlogom Konvencije.
The final result, although positive overall, to some extent represented a change of emphasis by the Intergovernmental Conference, which did not entirely accept the Convention's proposals.
Konvencija je predlagala preprost in uravnotežen "tristopenjski" model:
The Convention had proposed a three-stage model which was simple and balanced:
- Svet bi še naprej soglasno določal (z naknadno pridobljeno privolitvijo držav članic glede na njihova ustavna pravila) bistvene elemente in zgornjo mejo lastnih sredstev
- the Council would continue to decide unanimously (with the subsequent approval of the Member States in accordance with their respective constitutional rules) on the essential features and on the own-resources ceiling
27 Ustava predvideva zakon Sveta, o katerem Parlament lahko poda edino svoje mnenje.
The Constitution provides for a Council law, on which Parliament may only deliver an opinion.
Nasprotno pa je Konvencija predlagala, da se ukrepi za izvajanje sistema lastnih sredstev sprejmejo z zakonom Sveta, po pridobitvi privolitve Parlamenta, sprejetem s kvalificirano večino.
The Convention, on the other hand, proposed that the measures for the implementation of the own-resources system should be adopted by a Council law adopted by a qualified majority, with the approval of Parliament. ;
- obe instituciji bi skupaj določali letni proračun: po prvi obravnavi v vsaki od institucij, ki bi lahko privedla do sklica spravnega odbora, bi v primeru nesoglasja odločal Parlament, če bi imel zelo veliko večino, sicer bi prevladalo stališče Sveta.
- the two institutions would decide jointly on the annual budget: after a first reading in each institution, which could lead to the convening of a conciliation committee, Parliament would have the last word in the event of disagreement, on condition that a very large majority was in favour; otherwise, the Council's position would prevail.
To bi pomenilo, da bi države članice ohranile bistven vpliv pri določanju zgornje meje in narave prihodkov Unije, da bi se obe veji proračunskega organa morali sporazumeti o načrtovanju odhodkov in da bi Evropski parlament v primeru nesoglasja glede letnega proračuna lahko imel zadnjo besedo pri celotnih odhodkih (razlikovanje med obveznimi in neobveznimi odhodki je odpravljeno), vedno do zgornje meje finančnega okvira.
This meant that the Member States would continue to hold the key to the determination of the amount and nature of the Union's revenue, that the two arms of the budgetary authority would have to agree on the programming of expenditure and that, in the event of disagreement on the annual budget, the European Parliament could have the last word on overall expenditure (the distinction between compulsory and non-compulsory expenditure being dropped), albeit within the limits of the ceilings imposed by the financial framework.
V praksi sta bili tako obe instituciji močno spodbujeni k usklajevanju.
In practice, the two institutions would thus have been strongly encouraged to reconcile their views.
Dobršen del držav članic je izrazil pomisleke glede takšnega uravnoteženega sistema in med celotno medvladno konferenco smo prisostvovali predstavitvam predlogov, ki so izražali resne pomisleke glede trenutnih pooblastil Evropskega parlamenta na tem področju in ogrožali idejo finančne demokracije v Uniji.
A large number of the Member States were unhappy with this balanced system, and throughout the Intergovernmental Conference proposals were submitted which in some cases even represented a serious assault on the European Parliament's existing powers in this field and ran the risk of destroying the idea of financial democracy in the Union.
Predvsem zaradi prizadevanj predstavnikov Evropskega parlamenta ter italijanskega in irskega predsedstva je bilo mogoče doseči kompromis, ki kljub vsemu ohranja pravice Parlamenta na tem področju:
Thanks particularly to the efforts of the representatives of the European Parliament and the Italian and Irish Presidencies, it proved possible to find a compromise which preserves the essential aspects of Parliament's rights in this field:
- predlogi Konvencije so se ohranili na ravni lastnih sredstev;
- the Convention's proposals on own resources were accepted;
- finančni okvir morata vedno sprejeti obe instituciji, vendar bo Svet odločal soglasno, dokler Evropski svet soglasno ne odloči, da Svet lahko odloča s kvalificirano večino;
- the financial framework must always be adopted by the two institutions, but the Council will decide unanimously until the European Council, also acting unanimously, decides that the Council may decide by a qualified majority;
- Evropski parlament in Svet morata skupaj sprejeti tudi letni proračun, vendar se bo moral v primeru nesoglasja postopek začeti znova, z novim osnutkom proračuna, ki ga predstavi Komisija.
- the annual budget is also adopted jointly by the European Parliament and the Council, but in the event of disagreement the procedure must begin again with the submission by the Commission of a new draft budget.
S takšno rešitvijo se ohrani bistvo proračunskih pristojnosti Evropskega parlamenta, ki se mu zaradi odpravljenega razlikovanja med obveznimi in neobveznimi odhodki priznava odločilna beseda pri celotnem proračunu.
As has already been said, this solution preserves the essential aspects of the European Parliament's budgetary powers: Parliament is given a decisive voice on the whole of budget, in view of the abolition of the distinction between compulsory and non-compulsory expenditure.
Vendar ohranitev soglasja pri sprejemanju večletnega finančnega okvira resno zapleta prihodnja pogajanja na tem področju in slabi spodbujanje proračunskega sodelovanja med institucijami, ki ga predvideva predlog Konvencije.
But the retention of the unanimity requirement for the adoption of the multiannual financial framework will seriously complicate future negotiations on the subject and provide less encouragement for the budgetary conciliation between the institutions which was the rationale underlying the Convention's proposal.
Napredek pri področnih politikah
Progress on sectoral policies
Tretji del Ustave o "Politikah in delovanju Unije", ki ga sestavlja 322 členov, je najobsežnejši.
Part III of the Constitution, concerning 'The policies and functioning of the Union', consists of 322 articles and is the largest part.
Skoraj v celoti vsebuje določbe, ki so že del sedanjih pogodb in ki so povezane z opredelitvijo in izvajanjem področnih politik ter predvsem s pravnimi podlagami za delovanje Unije na vsakem od področij.
It consists almost entirely of provisions which already exist in the treaties as they stand at present concerning the definition and implementation of sectoral policies, particularly the legal bases for the Union's action in each field.
Pri tem lahko ugotovimo, da bi bilo mogoče mnoge od teh določb poenostaviti ali prilagoditi spremembam, ki so se prijele, odkar so bile napisane.
It may be considered that many of these provisions could have been simplified or adjusted in the light of the changes which have occurred since they were drafted.
Vendar v resnici pooblastilo, ki ga je Evropski svet podelil Konvenciji, ne omogoča spreminjanja temeljev teh določb.
But the fact is that the mandate which the European Council conferred on the Convention did not empower it to revise these provisions in depth.
Tako so spremembe, uvedene v III. delu, predvsem posledica izbir na ravni I. dela ustavne pogodbe glede ukinitve "stebrov", pristojnosti Unije, institucij, postopkov odločanja in pravnih sredstev.
Thus the changes made in Part III are essentially consequences of the choices made in Part I of the Constitutional Treaty regarding the abolition of the 'pillars', the powers of the Union, the institutions, decision-making procedures and legal instruments.
Prav zato so spremembe, razen pri primerih z območja svobode, varnosti in pravice (okvirno, nekdanji "tretji steber") ter zunanjih odnosov, predvsem skupne zunanje in varnostne politike, kjer so spremembe najobčutljivejše, na drugih področnih politikah povezane predvsem z veljavnimi postopki in razdelitvijo pravnih temeljev na zakonodajne in nezakonodajne akte.
That is why, apart from the area of freedom, security and justice (essentially the former third pillar) and external relations, particularly the common foreign and security policy, where the changes are most sensitive, in the other sectoral policies the changes mainly concern the procedures applicable and the breakdown of legal bases between legislative and non-legislative acts.
To lahko ob upoštevanju pozitivne narave prej analiziranih sprememb že samo po sebi zagotavlja večjo učinkovitost, demokratično legitimnost in preglednost pri delovanju Unije.
This in itself may already constitute a guarantee of greater efficiency, democratic legitimacy and transparency of the Union's action in view of the positive character of the changes which we have analysed above.