natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Kmetice nočejo sodelovati pri pridelavi rastlin za denar njihovih možev, ker za to delo ne prejmejo ničesar, medtem pa same pridelajo manj hrane zaradi širitve rastlin za denar na njihove kose zemlje.
Female farmers refuse their labour to the cash crops of their husbands, because they do not receive anything in return, while their food production suffers from the expansion of cash crops on their plots of land.
V primeru kmetijskega izvoza iz podsaharske Afrike neenakost med spoloma torej zmanjšuje uspešnost trgovine.
Hence, in the case of agricultural exports from sub-Saharan Africa, gender inequality reduces the success of trade.
Ob večji enakosti med spoloma bi bil izvoz večji in bi ženskam prinašal tudi večje koristi
With more gender equality, exports would have been larger as well as more beneficial for women
V poročilo o obetih za ženske v mednarodni trgovini naj bi bili obravnavani pozitivni in negativni učinki trgovine in gospodarske globalizacije in bo upoštevana zapletenost teme in vpletenih dejavnikov.
The report on perspectives of women in international trade is supposed to look at both positive and negative effects of trade and economic globalisation and will take into account the complexity of issues and factors involved.
Ženske včasih veljajo za zmagovalke svetovne trgovine, saj jih lahko vedno več dobi zaposlitev.
Women are sometimes regarded as the winners of global trade because more and more women are able to obtain employment.
Liberalizacija trgovine je dejansko ponudila nove priložnosti, zlasti za poklicno usposobljene, izobražene in mlajše ženske v državah v razvoju, in je privedla do novih, bolje plačanih delovnih mest ter možnosti, ki ženskam prej niso bile na voljo.
Trade liberalisation has in fact opened up new opportunities especially for educated and younger women with professional skills in developed countries and has led to access to new, better paid employment and opportunities previously unavailable to women.
Ženske, trgovina in delovna razmerja
Women, Trade and Labour Relations
Širitev trgovine je olajšala in pospešila vključevanje žensk v moderno industrijsko gospodarstvo.
The expansion of trade has facilitated and accelerated the absorption of women into the modern industrial economy.
To ima močne pozitivne učinke na enakost med spoloma: tudi če so delovni pogoji manj ugodni kot za moške v podobnih poklicih, je ženskam omogočeno prejemanje plačila, kar ima pozitivne posledice za njihovo neodvisnost, ki jo prinašajo ustaljeni dohodki.
This has strongly positive gender equity effects: even when conditions of work are less favourable than for men in similar occupations women have access to a salary with the positive implication for their autonomy that a stable income provides.
Vpliv širjenja trgovine na gospodarsko udejstvovanje žensk ima širše človeške in razvojne prednosti.
The impact of trade expansion on women's economic activity has wider human and developmental benefits.
Ženskam daje večji nadzor nad dohodki, čeprav ta nadzor ni vedno čisto individualen.
It gives women greater control of income, although not always absolute individual control.
Ženski vzorci porabe dohodkov so v primerjavi z moškimi ponavadi bolj usmerjeni na družino, zato izboljšanje sposobnosti žensk za služenje denarja pomeni več vlaganja v človeški kapital otrok, njihove možnosti izobraževanja in preživljanja.
Women tend to have more family oriented expenditure patterns than men, so that an improvement in women's income-earning capability has led to greater investment in the human capital of children, in their education possibilities and their livelihoods.
V državah, v katerih so trgi odprti za tuje prodajalce, verige velikih trgovin s prehrano in veleblagovnice, občine izvajajo nekakšno "čiščenje" tržnic.
In countries where markets are opened to foreign retailers, big food chains and supermarkets, a kind of economic cleansing of marketplaces by municipalities is taking place.
Prodajalke na ulici, ki so se leta borile za prostor na lokalnih tržnicah, so odrinjene na stran in preseljene, da imajo kupci prost dostop do trgovin velikih podjetij in blagovnih znamk nakupovalnih centrov.
Women street vendors who struggled for many years for space in the local markets are pushed aside and displaced so that customers have free access to the big business shops and brand name malls.
Nočemo zanikati, da imajo od liberalizacije trgovine koristi številne visoko usposobljene ženske.
This is not to deny that a number of high-skilled women benefit from trade liberalisation.
A hkrati milijoni delavk, lastnic malih kmetij in trgovk na drobno izgublja dostop do proizvodnih virov, izgublja svoj prostor z vidika trgovine za zaposlene revne, zlasti ženske, česar liberalizacija ne izboljša.
However, at the same time millions of women workers, small-holder farmers and petty traders are losing access to productive resources, loose space in terms of trade for the working poor, especially women, are not improved by trade liberalisation.
Ravno nasprotno: socialne in ekonomske pravice žensk, podane v pekinških izhodiščih za ukrepanje, so spregledane ali celo veljajo za trgovinske ovire, ki so predmet deregulacije.
On the contrary: the social and economic rights of women spelled out in the Beijing Platform for Action are ignored or even defined as trade barriers subject to deregulation.
Eden od učinkov gospodarske globalizacije v zadnjih dveh desetletjih je bila povečana deformalizacija dela.
One of the effects of economic globalisation over the last two decades has been the increased informalisation of work.
Mednarodna organizacija dela (ILO) opredeljuje neformalno gospodarstvo kot "zaposlovanje brez pogodb, ugodnosti delavcev ali socialnega varstva, ki se dogaja tako znotraj kot izven neformalnih podjetij
The ILO defines the informal economy as "informal employment without contract, worker benefits or social protection that occurs both inside and outside informal enterprises
Women and Men in the Informal Economy: A Statistical Picture, ILO , 2002. ".
Women and Men in the Informal Economy: A Statistical Picture, ILO , 2002. .
ILO (1999) razlikuje med tremi vrstami zaposlitvenega statusa v neformalnem gospodarstvu.
The ILO (1999) distinguishes between three types of employment status in the informal economy.
Najprej so to lastniki ali zaposleni v mikropodjetjih; potem sem spadajo samozaposleni delavci, vključno z uličnimi prodajalci in malimi kmeti; tretja skupina pa so zaposleni s polnim delovnim časom ali občasno zaposleni.
These are the owners or employers of micro-enterprises; the own-account workers or self-employed workers, including street vendors and small farmers; and thirdly, employees engaged in full-time or casual employment.
Ključna značilnost neformalnega gospodarstva je, da delavci prejemajo nižje dohodke, finančno tveganje je večje, standardi človeškega razvoja so nižji, socialna izključenost pa je v primerjavi z delavci v formalnem gospodarstvu nižja
A defining characteristic of the informal economy is that workers face lower income, greater financial risk, lower standards of human development and greater levels of social exclusion compared to those who work in the formal economy
SOLIDAR, Decent Work, decent Life, str.
SOLIDAR, Decent Work, decent Life, p.
Kot smo že omenili, je pritisk na podjetja, ki tekmujejo v vedno bolj globaliziranemu gospodarstvu, povzročil zmanjševanje plač in stroškov delovanja.
As outlined before, the pressure on companies to compete in an increasingly globalised economy has led to a downward trend in wages and operating costs.
V neformalnem gospodarstvu je delo lahko mnogo cenejše, če se zanj ne plačuje dajatev in ga ne urejajo vladni predpisi.
Labour can be provided more cheaply in the informal economy where it is free from taxes and government regulation.
Globalizacija je le eden od številnih dejavnikov, ki pojasnjujejo rast deformalizacije.
Globalisation is only one of many factors that explain the growth of informalisation.
Med druge dejavnike spadajo privatizacija, proces strukturnega prilagajanja, zmanjševanje socialne varnosti ter kulturne in družbene spremembe.
Other factors include privatisation, structural adjustment process, a decline in social protection and cultural and social change.
Ženske in trgovina s storitvami (GATS)
Women and Trade in Services (GATS)
Storitveni sektor je nekoč veljal za sektor, v katerem se ne trguje.
The service sector was once considered a non-tradable sector.
V STO pa je Splošni sporazum o trgovini s storitvami (GATS) vzpostavil svetovna pravila o trgovini s storitvami in vlaganjih vanje.
Under the WTO, however, the General Agreement on Trade in services (GATS) has established global rules on trade and investment in services.
Ena od utemeljitev za vključitev storitev v pogajanja STO je rast gospodarskega sektorja storitev v zadnjih dveh desetletjih in njihov pomen za države v razvoju (npr. komunikacijske storitve, storitve na področju turizma in potovanj, prometa, gradnje in distribucije
One justification for the inclusion of services in the WTO negotiations is the growth of services as an economic sector over the last two decades and its importance in the development of countries (e.g. communication services, tourism and travel services, transport services, construction and distribution services.
European Women's Lobby: Does trade in services also concern women , 6/6/2001. ).
European Women's Lobby: Does trade in services also concern women , 6/6/2001.
Ženske, trgovina in mednarodne pravice do intelektualne lastnine
Women, Trade and International Property Rights
Sporazum TRIPS je vseobsegajoč okvir za večstranski pristop k pravici do intelektualne lastnine, v veljavi od leta 1996.
The TRIPS agreement is an overarching framework for a multilateral approach to intellectual property (IPR), in force since 1996.
Ta sporazum pomeni, da uporabo rastlin, mikroorganizmov, biotehnoloških tehnik, hrane in osnovnih zdravil omejuje zaščita patentov.
TRIPS means that use of plants, micro-organism, biotechnological techniques, food and essential drugs can be restricted under patent protection.
To ima resne posledice za revne, zlasti ženske, če upoštevamo, da te predstavljajo 70 % od 1,3 milijarde ljudi, ki živijo v revščini.
This has serious implications for poor people and especially for women, bearing in mind that 70% of the 1.3 billion of people living in poverty are women.
Ključna vprašanja v razpravi o intelektualni lastnini so večplastna
The fundamental issues in the intellectual property rights debate are multiplex
ILO, Gender Implications of TRIPS, julij 2003. .
ILO, Gender Implications of TRIPS, July 2003. .
Eden od osnovnih izzivov je dostop do zdravil po sprejemljivih cenah, za HIV/AIDS, nalezljive bolezni in reproduktivno zdravje.
One basis challenge is access to affordable medicines - for HIV/AIDS, infectious diseases and reproductive health.
Druga skupina izzivov, ki se s sporazumom TRIPS zastavlja ženskam, je vprašanje dostopa do semen za pridelavo hrane, varnost hrane in ustrezno prehranjevanje.
The second set of challenges that TRIPS poses for women is around access to seeds for food production, food security and adequate nutrition.
Tretja skupina vprašanj se nanaša na dostop do zemlje in nadzor nad njo, rabo naravnih virov in dostop do tehnologije in gnojil za izboljšanje kronično nizke produktivnosti kmetic.
The third set of challenges is access to, and control of, land; the use of natural recourses and access to technology and fertiliser for improving the chronically low productivity of women farmers.
Mednarodna trgovina in krepitev lastne zmogljivosti držav
International Trade and National Capacity Building
Skrajni čas je, da pride do spremembe paradigme v trgovinski politiki EU.
It is high time for a paradigm shift in EU trade policies.
S trgovinskimi sporazumi se morajo povezovati veljavni mednarodni sporazumi o človekovih pravicah in pravicah žensk, o ekološki trajnosti ter pravici do razvoja in izkoreninjenja revščine.
Trade agreements must be bound by the existing international agreements on human rights and women's rights, on ecological sustainability and the right to development and eradication of poverty,
Presoja vpliva z vidika spola
Gender Impact Assessment
Presoja vpliva z vidika spola je primerna za večino politik, saj neposredno ali posredno vplivajo na življenja žensk in moških.
Gender Impact Assessment has relevance for most policies because they directly or indirectly impact the lives of women and men.
V minulih letih sta postala razvoj in raba kvalitativnih in kvantitativnih pokazateljev vedno bolj pomembna za razumevanje trendov na področju položaja žensk in odnosov med spoloma.
In recent years the development and utilisation of qualitative and quantitative indicators has become increasingly important in order to understand trends in women's situations and in gender relations.
S presojo vpliva z vidika spola pridobimo učinkovitejše politike tako, da odgovorne zanje prepričamo, naj premislijo o različnih vplivih, ki jih imajo politike na ženske in moške.
Gender impact assessment delivers more effective policies by persuading those responsible to think about the different effect policies have on women and men.
Oblikovalcem politik omogoča, da si točneje predstavljajo vplive določene politike ter da primerjajo in presodijo trenutne razmere in trende v odnosu do pričakovanih rezultatov predlagane politike.
It enables policy-makers to picture the effect of a given policy more accurately and to compare and assess the current situation and trends with the expected results of the proposed policy.
Presoja vpliva z vidika spola se lahko izvaja za zakonodajo, načrte in programe politik, proračun, poročila in obstoječe politike.
Gender impact assessment can be applied to legislation, policy plans and programmes, budgets, reports and existing policies.
Vendar je najuspešnejša takrat, ko jo izvedemo v zgodnjih fazah procesa sprejemanja odločitev, zato da res lahko pride do spremembe in preusmeritve politik.
However it is most successful when carried out at an early stage in the decision making process so that changes and even the redirecting of policies can take place.
Presoja vpliva z vidika spola (Gender Impact Assessement) , Enota za enakopravnost žensk pri Evropski komisiji.
European Commission, Women Equality Unit, Gender Impact Assessment.
Obeti za ženske v mednarodni trgovini
The role and prospects of women in international trade organisations and international policy
o gospodarskih in trgovinskih odnosih EU z Indijo
on the EU's economic and trade relations with India
MNENJE Odbora za razvoj ...........................................................................................24
OPINION of the Committee on Development ......................................................23
– ob upoštevanju skupnega akcijskega načrta o strateškem partnerstvu med Indijo in EU z dne 7. septembra 2005 in zlasti poglavja o razvoju trgovine in naložb,
– having regard to the India-EU Strategic Partnership Joint Action Plan of 7 September 2005 and in particular the section on developing trade and investment,
– ob upoštevanju sklepov 9. okrogle mize med Indijo in EU, ki je potekala od 18. do 20. septembra 2005 v mestu Hyderabad,
– having regard to the conclusions of the 9 th meeting of the India-EU round table in Hyderabad on 18-20 September 2005,
– ob upoštevanju svoje resolucije z dne 13. oktobra 2005 o obetih za trgovinske odnose med EU in Kitajsko
– having regard to its resolution of 13 October 2005 on prospects for trade relations between the EU and China
Sprejeta besedila, P6_TA(2005)0381 . ,
Texts adopted of that date, P6_TA(2005)0381 . ,
– ob upoštevanju svoje resolucije z dne 29. septembra 2005 o odnosih med EU in Indijo: strateško partnerstvo
– having regard to its resolution of 29 September 2005 on EU-India relations: A Strategic Partnership
Sprejeta besedila, P6_TA(2005)0364 . ,
Texts adopted of that date, P6_TA(2005)0364 . ,
– ob upoštevanju svojega stališča z dne 1. decembra 2005 o predlogu Uredbe Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta o prisilnem licenciranju patentov za farmacevtske izdelke, namenjene za izvoz v države s težavami v javnem zdravju
– having regard to its position of 1 December 2005 on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on compulsory licensing of patents relating to the manufacture of pharmaceutical products for export to countries with public health problems
Sprejeta besedila, P6_TA(2005)0454 . ,
Texts adopted of that date, P6_TA(2005)0454 . ,
– ob upoštevanju sklepa Svetovne trgovinske organizacije o trgovinskih vidikih pravic intelektualne lastnine (TRIPS) in javnemu zdravju, sprejetega 29. novembra 2005,
– having regard to the WTO decision on TRIPS and Public Health adopted on 29 November 2005,
– ob upoštevanju svoje resolucije z dne 14. februarja 2006 o klavzuli o človekovih pravicah in demokraciji v sporazumih Evropske unije
– having regard to its resolution of 14 February 2006 on the human rights and democracy clause in European Union agreements
Sprejeta besedila, P6_TA(2006)0056 . ,
Texts adopted of that date, P6_TA(2006)0056 . ,
– ob upoštevanju sporazuma iz leta 2004 med Indijo in ZDA z naslovom Naslednji korak do strateškega partnerstva in ob upoštevanju dogovora o uporabi jedrske energije v civilne namene, sprejetega med uradnim obiskom predsednika Busha v Indiji 2. marca 2006,
– having regard to the 2004 India-US Agreement: "The Next Step Towards a Strategic Partnership" and the Civil Nuclear Deal negotiated during President George W. Bush's State Visit to India on 2 March 2006,
– ob upoštevanju svoje resolucije z dne 4. aprila 2006 o oceni kroga pogajanj iz Dohe po sklepu ministrske konference Svetovne trgovinske organizacije v Hongkongu
– having regard to its resolution of 4 April 2006 on the assessment of the Doha Round following the WTO Ministerial Conference in Hong Kong
Sprejeta besedila, P6_TA(2006)0123 . ,
Texts adopted of that date, P6_TA(2006)0123 . ,
– ob upoštevanju srečanja na vrhu med EU in Indijo, ki je potekalo 6. aprila 2006 v New Delhiju,
– having regard to the EU-India Energy Summit held in New Delhi on 6 April 2006,
– ob upoštevanju obiska delegacije Evropskega parlamenta za odnose z južnoazijskimi državami in z Združenjem držav južne Azije za regionalno sodelovanje (SAARC) aprila 2006 v New Delhiju in pokrajini Pandžab,
– having regard to the visit to New Delhi and the Punjab by the European Parliament Delegation for relations with the countries of South Asia and the South Asia Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) in April 2006,
– ob upoštevanju poročila Odbora za mednarodno trgovino ter mnenja Odbora za razvoj ( A6‑0256/2006 ),
– having regard to the report of the Committee on International Trade and the opinion of the Committee on Development ( A6‑0256/2006 ),
A. ker sta EU in Indija največji demokraciji na svetu in njuna ustavna zaveza k pluralizmu in pravni državi spodbuja doslednost v trgovinskih in gospodarskih odnosih, omogoča pravno varnost naložb ter prispeva k svetovni stabilnosti,
A. whereas the EU and India constitute the biggest democracies in the world and their constitutional commitment to pluralism and the rule of law promotes consistency in trade and economic relations, while providing legal certainty for investment and contributing to regional and global stability;
B. ker skupni akcijski načrt vsebuje širok razpon dejavnosti, ki jih je treba izvesti v okviru dialoga in sodelovanja na področju trgovinskih in gospodarskih ukrepov, vendar ne določa prednostnih nalog in rokov,
B. whereas the Joint Action Plan contains a comprehensive range of activities to be undertaken within the framework of trade and economic policy dialogue and cooperation, but whereas it fails to set priorities and deadlines;
C. ker je EU glavni vir indijskih tujih neposrednih naložb, pri čemer odlivi leta 2004 znašajo 1100 milijonov EUR, in ker so se prilivi indijskih neposrednih tujih naložb v EU s 140 milijonov EUR v letu 2002 povečali na 600 milijonov EUR v letu 2003,
C. whereas the EU is India's largest source of foreign direct investment (FDI) with outflows amounting to EUR 1 100 million in 2004, and whereas India's FDI inflows into the EU increased from EUR 140 million in 2002 to EUR 600 million in 2003;
D. ker indijski izvoz v države članice EU znaša 22,4 %, uvoz pa 20,8 % ter ker se je trgovinska menjava med EU in Indijo od leta 1980 do 2004 povečala s 4.400 milijonov EUR na 33.200 milijonov EUR oziroma za 16,9 % med letoma 2003 in 2004,
D. whereas EU Member States account for 22.4% of India's exports and 20.8% of imports and whereas EU-India trade grew from EUR 4 400 million to EUR 33 200 million between 1980 and 2004 and by 16.9% from 2003-2004;
E. ker je med relativnima ravnema trgovine med EU in Indijo veliko neravnovesje; ker Indija ustvari 21 % trgovinske menjave z EU, Indija pa manj kot 1 % trgovine EU; ker je EU največja indijska trgovinska partnerica, Indija pa je na seznamu EU le na 10. mestu,
E. whereas there is a stark imbalance in relative levels of trade between the EU and India; whereas the EU accounts for 21% of India's trade but India's share in EU trade is less than 1%; whereas the EU is India's largest trading partner but India ranks only 10th in the EU's comparable list;
F. ker je bila indijska gospodarska rast v zadnjem desetletju v povprečju višja za 6 % letno in ker lahko v naslednjem desetletju še naprej raste za 7 do 8 % letno,
F. whereas India's economy has grown by an average of 6% per annum in the last decade and whereas it could continue to grow by 7-8% in the next decade;
G. ker neučinkovit finančni sektor ovira ohranjanje 8 % gospodarske rasti v Indiji,
G. whereas an inefficient financial sector is an obstacle to India maintaining an 8% rate of economic growth;
H. ker je Indija zaradi svoje velikosti, prebivalstva in dinamične gospodarske rasti v zadnjih dveh desetletjih rastoča regionalna sila in ena od svetovnih jedrskih sil, ki lahko vpliva na svetovno gospodarstvo in varnost, kar daje Indiji večjo odgovornost v mednarodnih forumih, kot so Združeni narodi, Svetovna trgovinska organizacija ali Mednarodna agencija za jedrsko energijo, in v regionalnih organizacijah v Aziji, zlasti SAARC in ASEAN,
H. whereas, due to its size, population and dynamic economic growth in the past two decades, India is an emerging regional power and one of the world's nuclear powers able to influence the course of the global economy and security, giving India greater responsibility in multilateral fora such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organization or the International Atomic Energy Agency, and within regional organisations in Asia, notably SAARC and ASEAN;
I. ker je širitev Indije ugodna priložnost, ki kljub vsemu zbuja tudi upravičeno skrb za nekatere industrijske sektorje EU, od tod vse večja potreba po političnem upravljanju in sodelovanju pri gospodarskem in trgovinskem upravljanju njenega izvoza na ravni EU,
I. whereas Indian expansion brings beneficial opportunities but also raises legitimate concerns for some sectors of EU industry, raising the need for political management and cooperation for the economic and commercial management of its exports at the EU level;
J. ker bo imela Indija leta 2025 1,4 milijarde prebivalcev in bo dosegla Kitajsko kot državo z največ prebivalci na svetu, če se ohrani trenutna raven rasti prebivalstva, ki znaša 2 %,
J. whereas if the current population growth rate of 2% is maintained, in 2025 India will have a population of 1.4 billion and will challenge China as the most populated country in the world;
K. ker bo leta 2020 povprečna starost zahodnih Evropejcev 45 let, Indijcev pa zgolj 29; ker trenutni demografski trendi kažejo, da bo potencialna rast EU do leta 2020 upadla; ker je nasprotno ključna prednost Indije ta, da ima na voljo veliko število mlade, usposobljene, angleško govoreče in poceni delovne sile,
K. whereas in 2020 the average Western European will be 45 years old whilst the average Indian will only be 29; whereas, as a result of current demographic trends, the EU's potential growth is set to decline by 2020; whereas, by contrast, India's key comparative advantage is a large pool of young, trained, English-speaking, inexpensive workers;