natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
– morajo države članice obravnavati svojo ekonomsko politiko kot zadevo skupnega interesa in jo morajo usklajevati v skladu s širšimi smernicami ekonomske politike (BEPG).
- Member States must see their economic policy as a matter of common interest and coordinate it in accordance with the principles of the Broad Economic Policy Guidelines (BEPGs).
Pri pravilnem opravljanju posameznih nalog ne nastajajo nobeni spori ali težave med ECB in Svetom.
During the correct exercise of their respective responsibilities there will not usually be any conflict or problems between the ECB and the Council.
Ti so seveda neizogibni takrat, kadar se enostransko dvomi o institucionalnem okviru ali se ga spreminja, tako kot se je to zgodilo s spremembami pakta stabilnosti in rasti.
Such things are pre-programmed, however, if the institutional framework is questioned or modified unilaterally, as happened in the case of the changes to the Stability and Growth Pact.
Takrat je treba evropski javnosti na pregleden način razložiti, zakaj so bile spremembe izvedene, kakšne posledice izhajajo iz tega za ekonomsko in monetarno unijo ter kdo je odgovoren za to.
The reasons for making the changes, the consequences for economic and monetary union, and who will take responsibility for them, must then be made transparent for the benefit of European citizens.
Primernost finančnopolitičnih korektivnih ukrepov med postopkom v zvezi s čezmernim primanjkljajem mora oceniti Svet.
Assessment of the suitability of measures to correct financial policy in the deficit procedure is the responsibility of the Council.
ECB ima tesne odnose s Svetom in Euroskupino.
The ECB maintains close relations with the Council and the Eurogroup.
Tako se predsednik ECB udeležuje mesečnih srečanj Euroskupine in ima stalno vabilo za sodelovanje na sejah sveta ECOFIN.
Thus the President of the ECB takes part in the monthly meetings of the Eurogroup, and has a standing invitation to take part in ECOFIN Council meetings.
Razen tega je ECB zastopana tudi v pripravljalnih telesih Euroskupine in Sveta, npr. v Ekonomsko-finančnem odboru in Odboru za ekonomsko politiko.
The ECB is also represented on the preparatory committees of the Eurogroup and the Council, for example on the Economic and Finance Committee and on the Economic Policy Committee.
Po drugi strani je predsednik Euroskupine redno vabljen na seje sveta ECB.
On the other hand, the chairman of the Eurogroup is regularly invited to the meetings of the ECB Council.
Redni stiki, pogovori in skupni sestanki omogočajo konstruktivni dialog, izmenjavo analiz in ocen ter so zato v interesu vseh zainteresiranih strank in celotne Evrope.
These regular contacts, conversations and joint meetings permit constructive dialogue and the exchange of analyses and assessments, and are therefore in the interests of all of those involved and of Europe as a whole.
Kako ocenjujete stanje nekdanjega lizbonskega procesa, tako imenovane strategije za rast in delovna mesta?
What is your assessment of the state-of-play of the renamed Lisbon process, the so-called 'Growth and Jobs' strategy?
Kako bi lahko ECB in instrumenti usklajevanja makroekonomske politike (širše smernice ekonomske politike, smernice za zaposlovanje) vplivali na uspešnost te strategije?
How could the ECB and the instruments of macroeconomic policy coordination (Broad Economic Policy Guidelines, Employment Guidelines) contribute to the success of this strategy?
Kakšne so po vašem mnenju možnosti za povečanje notranjega povpraševanja in spodbujanje vlaganj v EU?
What is your perception as to the possibilities of increasing internal demand and fostering investments within the EU?
Ali lahko usklajevanje ekonomske politike prispeva k izboljšanju makroekonomske uspešnosti EU in/ali euro območja?
Can economic policy coordination contribute to improving the EU’s and/or the Euro area’s macroeconomic performance?
Če lahko, kaj je narobe z obstoječim sistemom?
If so, what’s wrong with the current system?
Kako bi opisali skupek politik, ki bi bile potrebne, in kako bi jih bilo treba izvajati?
How would you define the policy-mix needed and by what means should it be implemented?
Za nadaljnji družbeni in gospodarski razvoj Evrope je zaradi trojnega izziva
In the face of the three-pronged challenge of
– pospešujoče globalizacije,
- accelerating globalisation,
– hitrih tehnoloških sprememb in
- rapid technological change and
– starajočega prebivalstva
- ageing populations
nujno, da se dosežejo cilji lizbonske strategije.
it is crucial to the future social and economic development of Europe to achieve the goals of the Lisbon strategy.
V zvezi s tem rezultati po šestih letih niso zadovoljivi.
Against this background the results after six years are disappointing.
V poročilu skupine na visoki ravni, ki ji predseduje Wim Kok, o vmesnem pregledu lizbonske strategije piše, da je dosedanji pristop trpel zaradi pomanjkljive doslednosti in usklajenosti ciljev zainteresiranih strank.
In November 2004 the report on the half-time assessment of the Lisbon strategy by the High Level Group of Experts, chaired by Wim Kok, recorded the fact that the existing way of going about things suffered from a lack of consistency and coherence.
Posledica je nezadostno izvajanje ukrepov.
The consequence was an inadequate implementation of measures.
Strategija se mora zato osredotočiti na cilje rasti in zaposlovanja.
The strategy should therefore be concentrated on the objectives of ‘growth and jobs’.
Ker so države članice odločilne za uspeh programa lizbonske strategije, je treba zagotoviti, da se nacionalne vlade, parlamenti in državljani bolj vključijo v izvajanje.
Since Member States played a decisive role in the agenda’s success, we must make sure that national governments, parliaments and citizens are involved in their implementation more effectively.
Pobudo poročila Wima Koka o obnovitvi lizbonske strategije je začel uresničevati Svet – pozneje tudi predsedniki držav in vlad na spomladanskem srečanju 2005.
The Kok report’s proposal for a reform of the Lisbon strategy was taken up by the Council, and subsequently by heads of state and government at their spring meeting in 2005.
Novi program lizbonske strategije na področju delovanja poudarja spodbujanje rasti in zaposlovanja.
The new agenda puts the emphasis for fields of action on the promotion of growth and jobs.
V zvezi s tem so bile širše smernice ekonomske politike in smernice za zaposlovanje združene v „integrirane smernice“, postopki usklajevanja pa so bili časovno skrajšani.
The Broad Economic Policy Guidelines and the Employment Guidelines have been combined as ‘Integrated Guidelines’ and the timing of coordination processes has also been tightened up.
Sprejemljivost programa lizbonske strategije s strani držav članic je treba končno izboljšati z zavezanostjo k oblikovanju nacionalnih programov reforme.
Acceptance of the Lisbon agenda by Member States should ultimately be improved by a commitment to draw up national programmes for reforms.
Zdaj je mogoče še prezgodaj presojati o uspehu nove strategije.
At the present time it would be premature to judge the success of the new strategy.
Tako kot prej je v integriranih smernicah veliko gospodarsko političnih priporočil, določanje jasnih prednostnih nalog pa se opušča.
The number of recommendations on economic policy in the Integrated Guidelines remains considerable and the establishment of clear priorities has been dispensed with.
Razen tega je treba počakati, kako bo učinkovala obnovljena „zavezanost“ držav članic.
We must also wait to determine the effectiveness of the Member States’ renewed ‘commitment’.
Eurosistem bo prispeval k uspehu lizbonske strategije tako, da bo še naprej opravljal svojo nalogo in zagotavljal srednjeročno stabilnost cen.
The Eurosystem will contribute to the success of the Lisbon strategy, while it continues to carry out its mandate and guarantees price stability in the medium term.
Kot je bilo med drugim že navedeno v odgovoru na vprašanje B8, je stabilnost cen nujno potreben predpogoj za doseganje trajne rasti in visoke ravni zaposlenosti.
As has already been explained above in the answer to question B 8, price stability is an indispensable condition for achieving permanent growth and a high level of employment.
Za druga politična področja velja, da so končno le države članice odgovorne za izvajanje potrebnih politik.
For other areas of policy it is ultimately the Member States alone who are responsible for the implementation of the necessary policies.
V skladu s členom 99 PES države članice obravnavajo svoje ekonomske politike kot zadevo skupnega interesa in jih usklajujejo v okviru Sveta.
Under the terms of Article 99 of the EC Treaty, Member States regard their economic policies as a matter of common interest and coordinate them in the Council.
Z uskladitvijo ekonomskih politik in s konvergenco gospodarskega razvoja naj bi se ustvarilo ugodno okolje za skupno monetarno politiko.
The harmonisation of economic policies and the convergence of economic trends are intended to create a favourable environment for a common monetary policy.
Razen tega je usklajevanje smiselno tudi zaradi gospodarske povezanosti držav članic.
Coordination is also sensible because of the economic interconnection of Member States.
Gospodarskopolitično usklajevanje v evropskem kontekstu je kombinacija šibkejših in ostrejših usklajevalnih instrumentov, vključno s paktom stabilnosti in rasti, širših smernic ekonomske politike ter smernic za zaposlovanje.
The coordination of economic policy in a European context is a combination of soft and hard instruments of coordination, including the Stability and Growth Pact, the Broad Economic Policy Guidelines and the Employment Guidelines.
Pomembno je, da so vse te usmeritve medsebojno povezane in da politiki izpolnjujejo svojo odgovornost.
It is important that all of these orientations are mutually coherent and that those acting politically are equal to their respective responsibilities.
– Pri proračunski politiki morajo države članice skrbeti za solidne javne finance.
- In budgetary policy it is the aim of Member States to provide workable public finances.
To vključuje energično utrjevanje v deželah z neravnovesji in učinkovanje avtomatskih stabilizatorjev, če je to mogoče brez tveganja za preprečitev ali popravek čezmernega primanjkljaja.
This includes energetic consolidation in countries with imbalances and allowing automatic stabilisers to take effect, provided this is possible without any risk to the avoidance or correction of excessive deficits.
– Socialni partnerji morajo v zvezi s tem skleniti primerno kolektivno pogodbo.
- Employers and employees should conclude suitable pay agreements in this context.
– In kot je bilo že omenjeno, lahko Eurosistem najbolje prispeva k rasti in blaginji tako, da verodostojno zagotovi stabilnost cen.
- And – as has already been pointed out – a credible guarantee of price stability is the most effective contribution which the Eurosystem can make to growth and prosperity.
Če se vsi delujejo v okviru svojih pooblastil, bo samodejno nastala mešanica politik, ki je srednje- do dolgoročno koristna za rast in zaposlovanje.
If everyone acts according to their mandates there will automatically be a policy mix which is beneficial to medium to long-term growth and employment.
V deželah euro območja, kjer je bilo notranje povpraševanje v preteklih letih bolj šibko, je treba okrepiti zaupanje potrošnikov in vlagateljev v prihodnost in politiko.
In those countries in the euro area where internal demand has been rather weak in recent years the confidence of consumers and investors in the future and policy must be strengthened.
V ta namen so srednjeročna usmeritev, zanesljivi makroekonomski okvirni pogoji, vključno s solidnimi državnimi financami, in konsistentna, dobro sporočana reforma predpogoj.
A medium-term orientation, reliable macroeconomic parameters, including healthy state finances, and a consistent, well-communicated process of reform are essential to this.
Po pomembnosti navedite strukturne reforme, ki se vam zdijo prednostne za EU, in utemeljite svojo izbiro.
Please list in order of importance the structural reforms which you believe are a priority in the EU and justify your choices.
Strukturne prilagoditve in reforme niso same sebi namen.
Structural adjustments and reforms are not an end in themselves.
V prvi vrsti morajo prispevati k
In the first instance they should contribute to
– povečanju potenciala rasti in
- increasing the potential for growth, and
– temu, da bodo nacionalna gospodarstva bolj prilagodljiva in odporna na pretrese,
- making Europe’s national economies more flexible and more resistant to shock,
da se tako poveča zaposlovanje in zagotovi naša blaginja.
thereby increasing employment and safeguarding prosperity.
Načeloma je program lizbonske strategije primeren pristop za strukturne reforme in nasploh daje pravilne poudarke.
In principle the Lisbon agenda is the proper approach to structural reform, and generally speaking it specifies the correct points of emphasis.
Vse države EU se končno soočajo z istimi ekonomskimi izzivi, iz katerih morajo izhajati prednostne naloge za politično ukrepanje:
Ultimately all EU countries face the same economic challenges, from which the priorities for political action should emerge:
– Zaradi globalizacije z zaostritvijo mednarodne konkurence so nujne strukturne reforme, med drugim tudi na trgu dela, izboljšanje okolja za podjetja za spodbujanje inovativnosti in širjenje tehničnega napredka ter za vlaganje v človeški kapital.
- Globalisation and the associated intensification of international competition make structural reform in the labour market and elsewhere and improvements in the business environment which promote innovation and dissemination of technological advances as well as in investment in human capital absolutely essential.
– Demografski razvoj zahteva zlasti hitro utrditev javnih proračunov, reform pokojninskih in zdravstvenih sistemov, da jih bo mogoče dolgoročno financirati, ter ukrepe za povečanje potenciala rasti.
- Demographic trends necessitate in particular the rapid consolidation of public budgets, the reform of pension and health systems so that they can still be funded in the long term, and measures to increase the potential for growth.
Vsekakor se strukturni pogoji v nacionalnih gospodarstvih EU (euro območja) in prednostne naloge za strukturne reforme, ki izhajajo iz tega, znatno razlikujejo med seboj.
Certainly the structural conditions in the national economies of the EU (the euro area) differ, some of the resultant priorities for structural reform considerably.
Na eni strani imamo v Skupnosti velike države z majhnim potencialom rasti in velikim problemom zaposlovanja, na drugi strani pa je vrsta manjših držav z bistveno večjo gospodarsko dinamiko.
In the Community a group of large countries with low growth potential and considerable employment problems faces a number of smaller countries with significantly greater economic dynamism.
Sem spadajo še nove države članice EU, kjer nekatere države hitro dohitevajo, kljub temu pa imajo pred sabo še dolgo pot do stvarne gospodarske konvergence s „starimi“ državami članicami EU.
Then there are the new EU Member States, some of which are catching up quickly, but still have a long way to go before they converge in real economic terms with the ‘old’ Member States.
Zaradi različnega izhodiščnega položaja držav članic pri premagovanju omenjenih težav je treba prednostne naloge določati na nacionalni ravni.
Given the variety of initial situations in Member States as they try to overcome these problems, priorities must be established at national level.
Kako hitro naj bi se po vašem mnenju nove države članice pridružile monetarni uniji in sprejele euro, ob upoštevanju vseh konvergenčnih meril in sodelovanja pri mehanizmu deviznega tečaja (ERM II)?
What is your opinion regarding the pace at which the New Member States should join the monetary union and adopt the Euro, considering all of the convergence criteria and the participation in the exchange rate mechanism (ERM II)?
Kateri izzivi čakajo monetarno politiko ECB med pripravljanjem novih držav članic za vstop v območje eura in po tem, ko se bodo pridružile monetarni uniji?
What challenges do you think the ECB's monetary policy will face during the preparation of Euro entry by the New Member States and once they have joined the monetary union?
Namen preverjanja konvergence je ugotoviti, ali neka dežela dosega potrebno stopnjo gospodarskega razvoja in gospodarske, finančne in monetarne politike, da lahko uvede euro.
The convergence test serves to establish whether a country exhibits the level required in its economic development and its economic, financial and monetary policy to introduce the euro.
V interesu novih držav članic je, da ne dajejo prednosti hitrosti uvedbe eura pred potrebno konvergenco.
It is in the interests of the new Member States themselves that the speed at which the euro is introduced is not given priority over the required level of convergence.
Namesto tega mora biti trajnostna konvergenca tista, ki določa časovni razpored.
Rather, permanent convergence should determine the timetable.
Zadevna država se mora zavedati gospodarskih in političnih posledic, da v monetarni uniji ne razpolaga več z nacionalnimi instrumenti monetarne politike ali deviznim tečajem kot prilagoditvenim parametrom.
The country concerned must be aware of the economic and political consequences associated with the fact that in a monetary union it will no longer have national instruments of monetary policy or exchange rates as a parameter for adjustment.
Naloga ECB je zagotavljati stabilnost cen v euro območju.
It is the ECB’s mandate to safeguard price stability in the euro area.
Pri tem tudi sprejem novih članic v euro območje ne bo ničesar spremenil.
The absorption of new Members into the euro area will do nothing to change this.
Nove države članice so prevzele pravni red Skupnosti in poznajo svoje dolžnosti v fazi pripravljanja na ekonomsko in monetarno unijo.
The new Member States have adopted the acquis communautaire and know about their duties in the preparatory phase for economic and monetary union.
V primeru nezadostne in netrajnostne konvergence novih članic euro območja se lahko v prostoru skupne valute povečajo razlike v rasti in inflaciji.
If new members fail to converge adequately or permanently, the divergences in growth and inflation in the currency area may become greater.
To bi lahko ECB otežilo izvajanje enotne monetarne politike.
This might make it more difficult for the ECB to implement a common monetary policy.
Kaj menite o obdavčenju kratkoročnih finančnih transakcij?
What is your view on the taxation of short-term financial transactions?
Je po vašem mnenju davek na devizne transakcije skladen s pogodbami EU, ki zagotavljajo svoboden pretok kapitala?
Do you think that a currency transaction tax is compatible with EU Treaties which guarantee the freedom of capital movements?
Ali bi davek na devizne transakcije, ki bi vključeval euro, lahko imel koristne učinke – na primer da bi stabiliziral menjalne tečaje držav, ki se v prihodnje želijo pridružiti euro območju?
Do you think that a tax on currency transactions involving the euro could have beneficial effects – for example by stabilising the exchange rates of countries wishing to join the euro area in the future?
Menim, da ideja o obdavčitvi kratkoročnih finančnih transakcij ni zaželena in ima celo negativen učinek.
I regard the idea that short-term financial transactions should be taxed as undesirable, counterproductive even.
Takšen davek ni primeren za zmanjšanje nestanovitnosti deviznih tečajev, kaj šele za preprečitev monetarnih in finančnih kriz.
A tax of this kind is not suitable for tempering the volatile nature of exchange rates or even preventing monetary or financial crises.
Pri deviznem prometu ni mogoče razlikovati med domnevno „slabo špekulacijo“ in „dobrim zunanjetrgovinskim financiranjem“.
In the case of sales of foreign exchange, it is not possible to distinguish between ‘poor speculation’ and ‘effective funding of foreign trade’.
Tak davek pa prizadene vse oblike trgovanja z devizami, s čimer se podraži mednarodna trgovina.
However, all forms of sale of foreign exchange are subject to a tax of this kind, which makes international trade more expensive.
Zaradi tega bi trpele zlasti najrevnejše države.
It is precisely the poorest countries which would suffer as a result.
Razen tega v gospodarskoznanstveni literaturi ni nobenih namigov, da bi transakcijski davek zmanjšal nestanovitnost menjalnega tečaja.
Besides, the literature of economics provides no indication that a transaction tax would reduce exchange rate volatility.
Nastane lahko celo nasproten učinek.
It can even have the opposite effect.
Ker manjši promet na deviznih trgih pomeni med drugim nižjo likvidnost, s tem pa prej naraščajočo nestanovitnost.
For, amongst other things, reduced sales in foreign currency markets mean decreasing liquidity and thus increasing volatility.
Sicer se mu je mogoče enostavno izogniti, npr. prek selitve v središča v državah z ugodnim davčnim sistemom ali prek prerazporeditve v izvedene finančne instrumente.
Otherwise it is easy to circumvent, e.g. by moving to offshore centres or reinvesting in financial derivatives.
Menim, da transakcijski davek s pravnega vidika ne bi bil združljiv s Pogodbo ES.
In my own view legal considerations would make a tax on transactions incompatible with the EC Treaty.
V skladu s členom 56 PES so omejitve pretoka kapitala in plačil načelno prepovedane ne le znotraj EU, ampak tudi za tretje države.
Article 56 of the Treaty prohibits restrictions on capital and payment transactions as a matter of course, not only within the EU, but also to third countries.
Vendar lahko Svet v skladu s členom 57 s soglasjem izjemoma sklene omejitve pri „opravljanju finančnih storitev“ v prometu s tretjimi državami.
However, Article 57 permits the Council exceptionally and by unanimous agreement to approve restrictions on transactions with third countries where the ‘provision of financial services’ is concerned.
Iz davčnih ukrepov, ki so našteti v členu 58 in ne spadajo v prepoved o omejitvah, posredno izhaja, da bi bilo mogoče transakcijski davek razumeti kot omejitev.
From the tax measures referred to in Article 58, which are not subject to the embargo on restrictions, it is indirectly apparent that a tax on transactions would be regarded as a restriction.
Kot je bilo zgoraj na splošno že povedano, menim, da je transakcijski davek neprimeren instrument za zmanjšanje nestanovitnosti menjalnega tečaja eura.
As has already been noted in general terms above, I regard a tax on transactions as an unsuitable instrument for reducing exchange rate volatility.
Za tiste države članice, ki želijo uvesti euro, je konsistentna in v stabilnost usmerjena makroekonomska politika ključna za omejitev nestanovitnosti menjalnega tečaja njihovih valut.
For those Member States wishing to introduce the euro, a consistent macroeconomic policy which aims at stability is the key to limiting the exchange rate volatility of their currency.
Razen tega države kandidatke že opravljajo relativno velik delež svoje trgovine z euro območjem.
And incidentally, the candidate nations are already conducting a major part of their trade with the euro area.
Glede na to, da ustavna pogodba na referendumu v dveh ustanovnih državah članicah Evropske unije ni bila sprejeta in da se o trajnosti monetarne unije brez politične unije resno dvomi, kako gledate na prihodnost Evropske monetarne unije kratkoročno in dolgoročno ?
Based on the fact that the Constitutional Treaty has been rejected by referendum in two of the founding member states of the European Union and that there are serious doubts on the sustainability of a monetary union in the absence of a political union, what are your views on the future of the European monetary union in the short term and the longer term?
Najprej je treba spomniti na dolgo in v celoti uspešno pot evropske integracije, ki je svoj vrhunec dosegla z uvedbo skupne valute, eura.
First we should remember the long and on the whole successful path to European integration, which achieved its high-point with the introduction of a common currency, the euro.