natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
V mnogih primerih so preiskovalni standardi nizki ali taki, da vzbujajo dvome o skladnosti s predpisi Svetovne trgovinske organizacije.
In many cases the investigating standards are low and raise a number of questions as to their full compliance with WTO rules.
Nekateri značilni primeri
Some important cases
Združene države, primer "Zeroing" (omejitev na ničlo) (Ds 294)
United States , zeroing (Ds 294)
Izraz "zeroing" označuje način izračuna stopnje dampinga, ki je ponderirano povprečje posameznih stopenj med normalno povprečno vrednostjo in vsako posamezno izvozno ceno, registrirano za obravnavane transakcije.
Zeroing is the method used for calculating the dumping margin, which consists of the comparison of the weighted average of individual margins with the average normal value and the individual prices registered for all comparable export transactions.
Na ta način se izkaže višja stopnja dampinga.
This method results in an increase of the dumping margin.
Leta 2001 je STO po oblikovanju ugotovitvenega sveta proti protidampinškim ukrepom Skupnosti za bombažne rjuhe iz Indije označila "zeroing" kot nezakonito prakso.
In 2001, after a panel against Community anti-dumping measures on cotton sheets from India, the WTO declared the practice of zeroing to be illegal.
Vendar so Združene države zgornje navedbe vedno zavračale z utemeljitvijo, da je to odločitev, ki je merodajna samo za udeležene strani.
The United States has always refused to accept this outcome, and claims that this decision is only applicable to the parties in question.
Protidampinški primeri v Indiji
Indian anti-dumping cases
Indijska unija je v zadnjih letih med največjimi uporabniki sredstev trgovinske zaščite.
Over the past few years the Indian Union has become one of the main users of trade defence instruments.
Ob koncu leta 2004 je Indija izvajala 36 protidampinških ukrepov proti Evropski skupnosti.
At the end of 2004, India had 36 anti-dumping measures in force against the Community.
Indijski primeri so pogosto "šibki", kar zadeva določanje škode in vzročne povezave med oškodovanjem nacionalne industrije in izvoznimi izdelki iz tujine.
The Indian cases are often weak with regard to the determination of the injury and of the causal link between the damage caused to national industry and exports from overseas.
V mnogih primerih se izvajanje protidampinških ukrepov kaže v izključitvi kakršne koli konkurence z indijskega trga, kar povzroča veliko škodo naši industriji, vendar tudi indijski, ki mora zato plačevati visoko ceno zaradi pomanjkanja konkurence in zaradi neučinkovitosti, ki je posledica prikrite zaprtosti indijskega trga.
In many of these cases the implementation of anti-dumping measures has resulted in the removal of any kind of competition from the Indian market, with serious damage to our industry but also to the Indian economy, which is paying a high price in terms of competitiveness and efficiency owing to the surreptitious closure of its markets.
Kmetijski primeri v Južni Ameriki in Avstraliji
The South-American and Australian agricultural cases
Mnogi člani STO oporekajo subvencijam, ki jih zagotavlja skupna kmetijska politika (SKP) kmetovalcem v Skupnosti.
Many WTO members are contesting the subsidies which the Common Agricultural Policy offers to EU farmers.
Ne preseneča torej dejstvo, da so v zadnjih letih narasle preiskave tretjih držav proti evropskim kmetijskim izdelkom.
It is therefore no surprise that in recent years there has been an increase in the number of investigations opened by third countries against European agricultural products.
V obravnavanem primeru predstavlja podpora proizvajalcem oljk v Skupnosti le "zanemarljiv" del končne cene olivnega olja, ki zelo malo vpliva na ceno končnega izvoženega izdelka.
In the case in question, the income support given to Community olive producers is merely a 'residual' component of the final price of olive oil and has a limited impact on the price of the exported finished product.
Trditi torej, da se subvencija kmetu v celoti prenese na predelovalca, je gospodarski nesmisel in spodbuja uveljavljanje pretiranih kompenzacijskih pravic.
To conclude, therefore, that subsidies given to farmers are fully passed on to processors makes no sense economically and encourages the application of excessive countervailing duties.
"Ekstenzivna" uporaba zaščitnih ukrepov
Safeguard measures are an instrument which is both powerful and easy to use.
Zaščitni ukrepi so obenem "močno" in preprosto sredstvo, saj za razliko od protidampinga in protisubvencijskih ukrepov zaščitni ukrepi ne zahtevajo, da preiskovalni organ dokaže "nekorektno" obnašanje ("unfair trade").
Indeed, unlike anti-dumping or anti-subsidy measures, safeguard measures do not require proof of unfair trading by the investigating authorities.
Sporazum STO o zaščitnih ukrepih vnaša mnogo višja formalna in ključna merila kot pri protidampingu in poudarja, da so le "ekstremno" in izjemno sredstvo.
The WTO agreement on safeguards sets out formal, substantial parameters which are far higher than those relating to anti-dumping, and points out that they should be considered an 'extreme' and exceptional remedy.
Mnoge države menijo, da so zaščitni ukrepi najbolj praktičen in hiter način za zmanjšanje dostopa tujim izdelkom do njihovega trga.
Many countries consider safeguards to be the most practical and rapid way of restricting the access of overseas products to their markets.
Zaščitne ukrepe so uporabile tudi Združene države za zaščito svojega trga pred tujimi izdelki.
Safeguards have been used also by the United States to protect their market from overseas products.
Potrebno je opozoriti na to, da so imeli ameriški zaščitni ukrepi (predvsem za jeklo) jasen protekcionistični cilj, ker uporabljena zaščitna sredstva niso nameravala zmanjšati škode, ki je nastala zaradi uvoza, ampak zapreti trg in to ne glede na resnične razloge, zaradi katerih je zašla v težave ameriška industrija.
It should be stressed that many of the US safeguards (and in particular the steel safeguard) were clearly introduced for protectionist purposes, since the remedies applied did not seek to remedy the damage caused by imports but rather to close the market, regardless of the true causes of the difficulties in the US steel industry.
Ta dejanja so mnogokrat samovoljna, ker ne spoštujejo najosnovnejših določb sporazuma o zaščiti ter pravne prakse STO.
Many of these actions are therefore arbitrary, in that they do not comply with the minimum requirements of the Agreement on Safeguards or even with the case-law of the WTO.
Združene države – protidampinška "past"
United States - the anti-dumping trap
Zelo lahko se je znajti v protidampinški (ali protisubvencijski) preiskavi, vendar se je zelo težko iz nje rešiti.
It is very easy to become involved in an anti-dumping (or anti-subsidy) investigation, but it is very difficult to get out of it.
Sporazumi STO določajo, da kdor zahteva začetek preiskave, mora navesti vsaj razloge za sum, ki potrjujejo obstoj dampinga in da je slednji povzročil škodo nacionalnim proizvajalcem.
The WTO agreements stipulate that those who request that an investigation be opened should at least supply some evidence that the dumping is taking place and that it has harmed national producers.
Preiskovalni organ mora nato presoditi, če so navedene informacije dovolj za začetek postopka.
It is then up to the investigating authority to decide whether the information provided by the complainants is sufficient to open a case.
Vendar je prag za sprejemanje pritožb zelo nizek in omogoča začetek preiskav brez izpolnjevanja osnovnih zahtev, ki jih določa STO.
The complaint acceptance threshold is, however, very low, with the result that investigations can be launched without the minimum requirements stipulated by the WTO having been met.
Ko se protidampinški postopek začne, gre samodejno svojo pot.
Once an anti-dumping case has been opened, it takes on a life of its own.
Potrebno bi bilo torej izogibati se takim stroškom in zahtevati, v primeru dokončne obsodbe s strani STO, da preiskovalni organ vsaj delno povrne stroške.
It would therefore be advisable to avoid such unjustified expense by requesting, in the event of a final sentence by the WTO, that the investigating authority reimburse at least some of the expenditure incurred.
Dodaten negativen vidik ameriške prakse so tako imenovane "sunset reviews", ki so v Evropi poznane kot "expiry reviews".
Another negative aspect of US practice is that of sunset reviews , known in Europe as expiry reviews .
Gre za revizije protidampinških ali protisubvencijskih ukrepov, ki se izvajajo vsakih pet let in ki jih predvidevajo sporazumi STO.
These are five-yearly reviews of the anti-dumping or anti-subsidy measures provided for in the WTO agreements.
V času teh revizij mora preiskovalni organ dokazati, da se bosta damping in škoda, dokazana med prvotno preiskavo, najverjetneje nadaljevala.
During these reviews the investigating authority has to prove that the dumping and injury detected during the original investigation are likely to continue.
Uradni naziv teh postopkov naj bi pomenil, da po petih letih ukrepi prenehajo in da se le v redkih primerih podaljša njihovo trajanje.
The official title would appear to suggest that these measures generally expire after five years and are extended only in rare cases.
V resnici pa se podaljša trajanje več kot 60 % ameriških ukrepov in le 20-25 % evropskih.
In actual fact, however, over 60% of the US measures are extended, against a mere 20-25% of European measures.
Obeti za prihodnost
Future outlook
Za razvoj pa je potrebno večje sodelovanje z državami članicami in s podjetji, ki so predmet preiskav s strani tretjih držav, ter dosledno posluževanje organa za reševanje sporov STO, če v primeru hudih kršitev mednarodnih predpisov ne bi bilo mogoče rešiti spora po diplomatski poti.
This means that there must be increased cooperation with the Member States and the companies involved in third-country investigations, and a systematic appeal to the WTO's Dispute Settlement Body if, in cases of serious infringements of the international rules, it is impossible to resolve the dispute diplomatically.
S tem v zvezi je pomembno omeniti napore Komisije v okviru agende iz Dohe.
In this regard, it is important to mention the Commission's efforts in the context of the Doha Agenda.
Komisija želi, da postane postopek reševanja sporov predvidljiv in pregleden.
As regards dispute settlement, the Commission has openly proposed that the system should be made more predictable and transparent.
Glede "dispute settlement" (poravnave sporov) pa bi bilo bolje, če bi se odločitve STO izvajale hitreje in učinkoviteje, brez uporabe taktike zavlačevanja.
It would be desirable for WTO decisions to be able to be enforced more promptly and effectively, preventing, as far as possible, the use of delaying tactics.
Kar zadeva protidampinški sporazum, so bile predlagane nekatere pomembne izboljšave, ki delno temeljijo na že uporabljeni praksi v preiskavah Skupnosti.
As regards the anti-dumping agreement, a number of important improvements have been proposed, partially based on the procedure already followed today in Community investigations:
Med najpomembnejšimi predlogi so:
Some of the most significant proposals are:
1) uporaba strožjih predpisov pri petletnih revizijah, po katerih bi bilo podaljšanje trajanja protidampinških ukrepov izjema,
1) a more stringent implementation of the rules at expiry reviews, to make the extension of anti-dumping measures exceptional;
2) poenostavitev protidampinških postopkov in znižanje stroškov za podjetja, ki sodelujejo s preiskovalnimi organi,
2) simplification of anti-dumping procedures and a reduction in their cost for companies which cooperate with the investigating authority;
3) analiza interesa javnosti in posledic zadevnih ukrepov, podobna tisti, ki je v veljavi v Skupnosti (znana kot "interes Skupnosti"),
3) an analysis of the public interest and the impact of the measures in question, similar to that used in the Community (known as the 'Community interest');
4) večja preglednost preiskav, v izogib nezakonitim praksam in za zagotavljanje pravice do zaščite zainteresiranih strani,
4) increased transparency in investigations, to avoid illegal practices and guarantee the right to defence of the parties concerned;
5) splošno izvajanje “lesser duty rule” (pravilo manjše pravice), torej omejevanje ukrepov za odpravo dampinga na najnujnejše,
5) widespread implementation of the 'lesser duty rule', i.e. to limit measures to what is strictly necessary in order to eliminate the dumping;
6) usklajeno poimenovanje problema "zeroinga",
6) a negotiated settlement of the zeroing issue;
7) ustanovitev ad hoc arbitražne skupine ter dodelitev pristojnosti za začetek protidampinške preiskave.
7) to establish an ad hoc arbitration group to which to refer decisions to open an anti-dumping investigation.
Skupina bo morala presoditi, ali obstajajo minimalni pogoji, kot jih predvideva sporazum STO, in bo v primeru kršitev lahko brez odlašanja zaključila preiskavo.
This panel should assess whether the minimum requirements under the WTO agreement have been met and, in the event of infringement, be able to terminate the investigation without delay.
Ukrepi za trgovinsko zaščito so v svetovnem trgovinskem kontekstu izjema glede na pravilo o prosti trgovini med državami, ki so sprejele predpise STO.
In the world trade context, trade defence measures are the exception to the rule of free trade among countries which have accepted the WTO rules.
Izvajanje usklajenih in jasnih predpisov na področju trgovinske zaščite lahko samo spodbudi odpiranje trgov.
The implementation of uniform, clear rules on trade defence can only encourage market liberalisation.
Poleg tega so ukrepi za trgovinsko zaščito, ki so očitno nezakoniti, dejansko ovira pri trgovanju, ki jo je potrebno odpraviti in tako omogočiti dobro delovanje sistema STO.
Moreover, trade defence measures which are plainly illegal are actually an obstacle to trade and must be eliminated in order to help the WTO system to function effectively.
Ni torej potrebno opustiti teh sredstev, ampak jih je potrebno pravilno in zakonito uporabljati.
It would therefore be advisable not to abolish these instruments, but rather to make sure that they are properly and lawfully implemented.
Za to pa so potrebna jasna mednarodna merila ter možnost hitrega in učinkovitega posredovanja STO proti morebitnim zlorabam.
In order to do this, however, clear international standards are needed and the WTO must be given the opportunity to take action promptly and effectively against any abuse of the system.
Zagotovo je poglavitni cilj izogibanje neprestanim kršenjem mednarodnih trgovinskih predpisov in doslednim zavračanjem odločitev arbitražnih sodišč STO.
The main aim is undoubtedly to obviate persistent breaches of the international trade rules and the systematic refusal to accept the verdicts of the WTO's dispute settlement panels.
V primerih, ko bi bila dokazana kršitev mednarodnih predpisov in bi se pokazala velika nevarnost za evropsko gospodarstvo, bi bilo potrebno odločno posredovanje Skupnosti ter prenehanje njene naklonjenosti do trgovinskih partnerjev, ki ne spoštujejo predpisov STO.
In cases of proven infringement of the international rules, and where there has been serious injury to the European economy, the Community should take decisive action and refrain from assisting trade partners who do not comply with WTO rules.
Letno poročilo Komisije Evropskemu parlamentu o protidampinških, protisubvencijskih in zaščitnih ukrepih tretjih držav proti Skupnosti (2004)
Annual Report from the Commission to the European Parliament on third country anti-dumping, anti-subsidy and safeguard action against the Community (2004)
o predlogu Uredbe Sveta o posebnih ukrepih za kmetijstvo v korist manjših egejskih otokov in o spremembi Uredbe (ES) št. 1782/2003
on the proposal for a Council regulation laying down specific measures for agriculture in favour of the smaller Aegean islands and amending Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003
– ob upoštevanju predloga Komisije Svetu ( KOM(2006)0264 )
– having regard to the Commission proposal to the Council ( COM(2006)0264 )
– ob upoštevanju členov 36 in 37 Pogodbe ES, v skladu s katerima se je Svet posvetoval s Parlamentom ( C6‑0232/2006 ),
– having regard to Articles 36 and 37 of the EC Treaty, pursuant to which the Council consulted Parliament ( C6‑0232/2006 ),
– ob upoštevanju poročila Odbora za kmetijstvo in razvoj podeželja ( A6‑0244/2006 ),
– having regard to the report of the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development ( A6‑0244/2006 ),
Predlog Uredbe Sveta o posebnih ukrepih za kmetijstvo v korist manjših egejskih otokov in o spremembi Uredbe (ES) št. 1782/2003
Proposal for a Council regulation laying down specific measures for agriculture in favour of the smaller Aegean islands and amending Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003
o predlogu Uredbe Sveta o spremembi Uredbe (ES) št. 1788/2003 o uvedbi dajatve v sektorju mleka in mlečnih proizvodov
on the proposal for a Council regulation amending Regulation (EC) No 1788/2003 establishing a levy in the milk and milk products sector
– ob upoštevanju predloga Komisije Svetu ( KOM(2006)0330 )
– having regard to the Commission proposal to the Council ( COM(2006)0330 )
– ob upoštevanju člena 37 pogodbe ES, v skladu s katerim se je Svet posvetoval s Parlamentom ( C6‑0234/2006 ),
– having regard to Article 37 of the EC Treaty, pursuant to which the Council consulted Parliament ( C6‑0234/2006 ),
– ob upoštevanju poročila Odbora za kmetijstvo in razvoj podeželja ( A6‑0245/2006 ),
– having regard to the report of the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development ( A6‑0245/2006 ),
Predlog Uredbe Sveta o spremembi Uredbe (ES) št. 1788/2003 o uvedbi dajatve v sektorju mleka in mlečnih proizvodov
Proposal for a Council regulation amending Regulation (EC) No 1788/2003 establishing a levy in the milk and milk products sector
o predlogu sklepa Sveta in Komisije o sklenitvi Stabilizacijsko-pridružitvenega sporazuma med Evropsko skupnostjo in njenimi državami članicami na eni strani in Republiko Albanijo na drugi strani
on the proposal for a Council and Commission decision concerning the conclusion of the Stabilisation and Association Agreement between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Republic of Albania, of the other part
Odbor za zunanje zadeve
Session document
MNENJE Odbora za mednarodno trgovino ..........................................................5
OPINION of the Committee on International Trade ........................................6
– ob upoštevanju predloga sklepa Sveta in Komisije (8161/2006),
– having regard to the proposal for a Council and Commission decision (8161/2006),
– ob upoštevanju prošnje Sveta za privolitev Parlamenta v skladu z drugim pododstavkom člena 300(3), in sicer v povezavi z drugim stavkom prvega pododstavka člena 300(2) in členom 310 PES ( C6-0197/2006 ),
– having regard to the request for assent submitted by the Council pursuant to Article 300(3), second subparagraph, in conjunction with Article 300(2), first subparagraph, second sentence and Article 310 of the EC Treaty ( C6‑0197/2006 ),
– ob upoštevanju člena 75 in člena 83(7) Poslovnika,
– having regard to Rule 75 and 83(7) of its Rules of Procedure,
– ob upoštevanju priporočila Odbora za zunanje zadeve in mnenja Odbora za mednarodno trgovino (A6‑0000/2006),
– having regard to the recommendation of the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the opinion of the Committee on International Trade ( A6‑0246/2006 ),
o predlogu sklepa Sveta in Komisije o sklenitvi stabilizacijsko-pridružitvenega sporazuma med Evropskima skupnostma in njunimi državami članicami na eni strani ter Republiko Albanijo na drugi strani
on the proposal for a Council and Commission decision on the conclusion of the Stabilisation and Association Agreement between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Republic of Albania, of the other part
Predlog sklepa Sveta in Komisije o sklenitvi stabilizacijsko-pridružitvenega sporazuma med Evropskima skupnostma in njunimi državami članicami na eni strani ter Republiko Albanijo na drugi strani spada med zadeve, za katere se zahteva privolitev Evropskega parlamenta.
The proposal for a Council and Commission decision on the conclusion of the Stabilisation and Association Agreement between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Republic of Albania, of the other part, requires the assent of the European Parliament.
S sporazumom so potrjene ugotovitve Sveta v Solunu junija 2005 o dejansko možni evropski perspektivi za Albanijo, zato poročevalec meni, da je sporazum najboljši način zato, da se ohrani zagon za politične in gospodarske reforme ter se Albanijo spodbudi, da ohrani svoj konstruktiven in blažilen vpliv v regiji.
The draftsman, confirming the conclusions of the Thessaloniki European Council of June 2003 which formalised Albania's European perspective, considers that this agreement is the best way to help maintain the momentum of political and economic reform, and to encourage Albania to continue using its constructive and restraining influence in the region.
Poročevalec ugotavlja, da je bil dosežen določen napredek, zato Evropskemu parlamentu priporoča privolitev k sklenitvi stabilizacijsko-pridružitvenega sporazuma.
He acknowledges the progress already made and thus recommends that the European Parliament agree to the conclusion of the above-mentioned Stabilisation and Association Agreement.
Vseeno pa albanske oblasti poziva, da še posebno pozornost namenijo trgovinskim vprašanjem.
The draftsman would nevertheless point out to the Albanian authorities that they should pay special attention to trade-related fields.
Prost pretok blaga
Free movement of goods
Gospodarstvenike je treba spodbuditi, da bodo pozorni na standarde in certifikate, ki so v mednarodnih izmenjavah velikega pomena.
Raise awareness among economic operators of the concepts of standards and certification, and their importance in the context of international trade;
Zagotoviti je treba, da bo služba za akreditacijo razpolagala z ustrezno opremo in kadri, da bo lahko sprejela poln delovni program za prihodnje sodelovanje Albanije v evropskem sodelovanju za akreditacijo;
Ensure that the accreditation service has sufficient material infrastructure and staff, and adopt a full work programme with a view to Albania's future participation in European Cooperation for Accreditation;
Zagotoviti je treba, da bodo organi, pristojni za standardizacijo, akreditacijo in certificiranje bolje delovali in upoštevali prakse Skupnosti.
Ensure that the bodies responsible for standardisation, accreditation and certification work more efficiently, taking into consideration Community practices;
Pravica do ustanavljanja podjetij
Right of establishment
Dopolniti je treba veljavne predpise s področja pravice ustanavljanja podjetij in s tem zagotoviti enako obravnavo tujih in domačih podjetij.
Amend current legislation on the right of establishment, to ensure that there is equal treatment for foreign and national companies;
Carine in obdavčitve
Customs and taxation
Nadaljevati je treba prilagajanje zakonodaje in carinskih postopkov s pravnim redom Skupnosti, pri čemer naj bo še posebna pozornost namenjena temu, da bodo pravila in veljavni postopki s področja tranzita, carinskega skladiščenja, ocarinjenja, fizičnih pregledov in analize tveganj v skladu z merili Skupnosti in po potrebi mednarodnih konvencij.
Continue aligning legislation and customs procedures with the body of existing Community legislation ( acquis communautaire ), ensuring in particular that the rules and procedures relating to transit, customs warehouses, customs valuation, physical checks and risk analysis comply with Community standards and, where necessary, with international conventions;