natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
29. poziva Komisijo, naj ukrepa v skladu z odstavkom 2(a) člena XXXVIII GATT in načrtuje ukrepe, namenjene stabilizaciji in izboljšanju tržnih pogojev za osnovne proizvode, ki so posebnega pomena za manj razvite države, "vključno z ukrepi, ki so namenjeni doseganju stabilnih, primernih in donosnih cen za izvoz takšnih proizvodov";
Calls on the Commission to take action, in accordance with GATT Article XXXVIII, paragraph 2(a), to devise measures designed to stabilise and improve market conditions for primary products of particular interest to less-developed countries "including measures designed to attain stable, equitable and remunerative prices for exports of such products";
Zakaj je potreben evropski politični okvir za pravično trgovino?
Why is a European policy framework for Fair Trade needed?
1.1 Ker pravična trgovina prispeva k izpolnjevanju obveze EU za doseganje trajnostnega razvoja in zmanjševanje revščine
1.1 Because Fair Trade contributes to fulfil the EU’s commitment for sustainable development and poverty reduction
Pravična trgovina prispeva k obvezam Evropske unije v skladu s členom 177 Pogodbe ES, ki določa, da bo razvojna politika EU spodbujala "trajnostni gospodarski in socialni razvoj držav v razvoju, zlasti tistih, ki so v najbolj neugodnem položaju", "skladno in postopno vključevanje držav v razvoju v svetovno gospodarstvo" in "boj proti revščini v državah v razvoju".
Fair Trade contributes to the European Union’s commitments as laid down in Article 177 of the EC Treaty, which states that the EU’s development policy will foster “the sustainable economic and social development of developing countries, and more particularly the most disadvantaged among them, - the smooth and gradual integration of the developing countries into the world economy, - the campaign against poverty in the developing countries.”
Pravično trgovino so evropske institucije večkrat priznale kot ključno orodje za doseganje trajnostnega razvoja in zmanjšanje revščine
Fair Trade has been repeatedly recognized by European Institutions as a key tool for sustainable development and poverty reduction
Glej: - Resolucijo Evropskega parlamenta o pravični trgovini, UL C 226/73, 20.07.1998;
See: - the European Parliament Resolution on Fair Trade, OJ C 226/73, 20.07.1998;
- Sporočilo Komisije Svetu z naslovom „Pravična trgovina” , KOM(1999) 619 končno, 29.11.1999;
- the Communication from the Commission to the Council on “ Fair Trade ”, COM(1999) 619 final, 29.11.1999
- Sporočilo Komisije Svetu, Evropskemu parlamentu in Ekonomsko-socialnemu odboru o „ skladnosti politike za razvoj – o pospeševanju napredka v smeri uresničevanja razvojnih ciljev novega tisočletja“, KOM(2005) 134 končno, 12.04.2005;
- the Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament and the European Economic and Social Committee on “ Policy Coherence for Development – Accelerating progress towards attaining the Millennium Development Goals ”, COM(2005) 134 final, 12.04.2005
- Govor Pascala Lamyja, komisarja za trgovino EU, 23. marec 2004;
- Speech Pascal Lamy, EU Trade Commissioner 23 March 2004
- Govor „Agenda za pravično trgovino ”, Peter Mandelson, 22. junij 2005. .
- Speech “ The Fair Trade Agenda” Peter Mandelson, 22 June 2005 .
Evropski politični okvir in podpora pravični trgovini sta odlični orodji za izpolnitev teh obvez in za doseganje razvojnih ciljev tisočletja.
A European policy framework and support for Fair Trade are excellent tools to fulfil these commitments and to reach the Millennium Development Goals.
1.2 Ker je Evropska unija prevzela pravne obveznosti
1.2 Because the European Union has entered into legal commitments
S podpisom sporazuma iz Cotonouja leta 2000 se je Evropska unija obvezala, da bo podpirala pravično trgovino.
By signing the Cotonou Agreement in 2000, the European Union committed to support Fair Trade.
Vendar je trenutna podpora pravični trgovini in njenim organizacijam omejena in razdrobljena.
However, current support to Fair Trade and Fair Trade Organisations is limited and fragmented.
Pravne obveznosti Evropske unije temeljijo na členu 23 g) in na zbirki besedil sporazuma iz Cotonouja.
The European Union's legal commitments are found in Art. 23 g) and the Compendium of the Cotonou Agreement.
1.3 Ker ima pravična trgovina ogromen potencial rasti
1.3 Because Fair Trade has a huge potential to grow
Novejše raziskave kažejo, da od leta 2000 prodaja izdelkov pravične trgovine v Evropi zraste v povprečju za 20 % na leto.
Recent research shows that Fair Trade sales in Europe have been growing at an average 20% per year since 2000.
Evropski potrošniki kažejo vedno večje zanimanje za nakup izdelkov, ki se proizvajajo in s katerimi se trguje pod pravičnimi pogoji.
European consumers are increasingly interested in purchasing products that were produced and traded under fair conditions.
Vendar se to povpraševanje zelo razlikuje med državami članicami EU.
However, this demand varies widely among EU Member States.
Celoten promet z izdelki pravične trgovine v Evropi je leta 2005 dosegel 660 milijonov evrov.
Overall sales of Fair Trade in Europe have arrived at 660 million euros in 2005.
Tipični izdelki pravične trgovine v nekaterih državah trenutno dosegajo precejšnji tržni delež: 20 % mlete kave v Združenem kraljestvu in približno 2 % celotne prodaje kave v Avstriji, Danski, Irski, Belgiji in Nemčiji nosi oznako pravična trgovina.
Typical Fair Trade products reach now considerable market shares in some countries: 20% of ground coffee in the United Kingdom and about 2% of all coffee sales in Austria, Denmark, Ireland, Belgium and Germany carry the Fair trade label.
Banane iz pravične trgovine dosegajo tržne deleže do 5,5 % v Avstriji, Belgiji, na Finskem in v Združenem kraljestvu.
Fair Trade bananas reach market shares of up to 5.5% in Austria, Belgium, Finland and the United Kingdom.
Vendar v nekaterih članicah EU, kot so Grčija, Madžarska, baltske države in Slovenija, pravično trgovino komaj poznajo.
However, in some EU Member States like Greece, Hungary, the Baltic States and Slovenia, Fair Trade is hardly known.
S skladnim vseevropskim političnim okvirjem ter zadostno podporo pravični trgovini in njenim organizacijam, bi lahko dvignili zavest potrošnikov in povečali povpraševanje za pravično trgovino, zlasti v tistih državah, kjer še ni dobro uveljavljena.
With a coherent EU-wide policy framework and sufficient support to Fair Trade and Fair Trade Organisations, consumer awareness and demand for Fair Trade could be boosted, particularly in those countries where it is not yet well established.
1.4 Ker bi nacionalna zakonodaja o pravični trgovini lahko ovirala prost pretok blaga pravične trgovine znotraj Evropske unije
1.4 Because national Fair Trade legislation could hinder the free movement of Fair Trade goods within the European Union
V nekaterih državah članicah EU se trenutno razvija s tem povezana zakonodaja.
In some European Member States, related legislation is currently being developed.
Z evropskim okvirom, začrtanim v priporočilu, bi se morda lahko izognili temu, da bi se zakonodaje držav članic med seboj razlikovale in s tem ovirale prost pretok blaga znotraj Evropske unije.
A European framework, sketched out in a recommendation, could be helpful to avoid that legislation differs between Member States und thus hinders the free movement of goods within the European Union.
1.5 Ker je treba evropske potrošnike zaščititi pred zavajajočim prilaščanjem naziva pravične trgovine
1.5 Because European consumers need to be protected against misleading Fair Trade claims
Sistem pravične trgovine temelji na prostovoljnih standardih za označene in neoznačene izdelke in organizacije.
The Fair Trade system is based on voluntary standards for labelled and non-labelled products and organisations.
Te standarde je v zadnjih petih desetletjih razvilo mednarodno gibanje pravične trgovine.
These standards have been developed over the last five decades by the international Fair Trade movement.
V sodelovanju s proizvajalci, ki so v osredju sistema pravične trgovine, se standardi nenehno pregledujejo in ocenjujejo.
They are constantly being reviewed and assessed in cooperation with the producers who are at the heart of the Fair Trade system.
Organizacije pravične trgovine so odgovorne za izpolnjevanje teh standardov in z njimi povezanih meril.
Fair Trade Organisations are responsible for fulfilling these standards and the related criteria.
Spoštovanje standardov se redno nadzira in ocenjuje.
The compliance with the standards is regularly monitored and assessed.
Organizacije pravične trgovine dejavno sodelujejo z drugimi podjetji, kot so prodajalci na drobno in drugi trgovinski partnerji.
Fair Trade Organisations actively work with other companies such as retailers and other commercial partners.
Glede na uspešnost pravične trgovine in na pomanjkljivo pravno varstvo se pojavlja tveganje, da bi nekatera podjetja utegnila zlorabiti pojem pravične trgovine, tako da bi vstopila na njen trg, ne da bi ravnala v skladu z veljavnimi merili zanj.
In view of the success of Fair Trade and the lack of legal protection, there is a risk that the concept may be abused by companies that enter the market without complying with the related criteria.
Pravice potrošnikov in ustrezna obveščenost o izdelku so v osredju pravične trgovine in slabe oznake bi lahko zavedle potrošnike ter zmanjšale njihovo podporo sistemu.
Consumer rights and appropriate product information are at the heart of Fair Trade and low-criteria labels might mislead consumers and reduce their support to the system.
Evropski politični okvir za pravično trgovino bi lahko pomagal razjasniti izraz „pravična trgovina” in nanj bi se lahko sklicevale nacionalne politike o pravični trgovini in organizacije pravične trgovine.
A European policy framework for Fair Trade could help to clarify the use of the term “Fair Trade” and to serve as a reference for national policies on Fair Trade and Fair Trade Organisations.
Obstoječe poti trženja izdelkov pravične trgovine
The existing routes of commercialisation of Fair Trade products
Druga pot trženja je preko pobude za označevanje in certificiranje izdelkov pravične trgovine.
Another marketing route is through Fair Trade labelling initiatives and certification.
V tem primeru blago označijo specializirane agencije za certificiranje izdelkov pravične trgovine, kar dokazuje, da njihove proizvodne verige spoštujejo standarde pravične trgovine.
In this case, goods are labelled by specialised Fair Trade certification agencies to testify that their production chains respect Fair Trade standards.
Uvozniki in trgovci so lahko tradicionalna trgovinska podjetja, distribucijski kanali pa so lahko običajne maloprodajne trgovine.
The importers and traders can be traditional commercial companies, and the distribution channels can be regular retail outlets.
Integrirana pot
The integrated route
Izdelki pravične trgovine so potrošnikom dostopni preko organizacij pravične trgovine, ki označijo izdelke in njihovo poreklo neposredno od malih proizvajalcev in zadrug, ter jih uvažajo in tržijo v specializiranih prodajalnah, kot so svetovne trgovine.
Fair Trade products are made available to consumers through Fair Trade Organisations which identify and source products directly from small producers and co-operatives, and import and market them in specialised outlets such as Worldshops.
Vsi vidiki njihovih trgovinskih dejavnosti temeljijo na etiki pravične trgovine in najvišji možen delež končne cene se vrne proizvajalcem.
All aspects of their commercial operations are based on a Fair Trade ethos, and as much of the final price as possible is passed back to the producers.
V veliko primerih se ustvarjeni dobiček uporabi v razvojne namene.
In many cases profits generated are devoted to development causes.
Večina organizacij pravične trgovine in organizacij proizvajalcev so članice mednarodne zveze za pravično trgovino (IFAT) .
Most of the Fair Trade Organisations and producer organisations are members of the International Fair Trade Association, IFAT .
Uporaba oznake organizacije pravične trgovine (FTO) je podeljena vsem organizacijam pravične trgovine, ki so uspešno izpolnile zahteve sistema standardov in spremljanja mednarodne zveze za pravično trgovino.
The use of a Fair Trade Organisation (FTO) Mark is granted to a Fair Trade Organisation which has successfully met the requirements of the IFAT Standards and Monitoring system.
Pot označevanja pravične trgovine
The Fair Trade labelling route
Po tej poti nacionalne pobude za označevanje spremljajo spoštovanje standardov pravične trgovine s strani proizvajalcev ali trgovcev glede na niz mednarodno usklajenih meril.
Under this route, national labelling initiatives monitor the compliance with Fair Trade standards by producers or traders against a set of internationally harmonized standards.
Vse te organizacije so članice mednarodne organizacije za označevanje izdelkov pravične trgovine (FLO), ki je odgovorna za postavljanje standardov pravične trgovine in za certificiranje.
These organisations are all members of FLO (Fairtrade Labelling Organisations International), the Fair Trade standard-setting and certification organisation.
Mednarodni standardi pravične trgovine se razvijajo ter redno pregledujejo in neodvisno spremljajo.
The International Fairtrade Standards are developed and regularly reviewed and monitored independently.
Gibanje pravične trgovine sestavljajo štiri mednarodna zveze:
The Fair Trade movement is organized in four international associations:
Mednarodna zveza za pravično trgovino (IFAT) je globalna mreža organizacij pravične trgovine z 270 člani v 61 državah.
The International Fair Trade Association ( IFAT ) is the global network of Fair Trade Organizations, with 270 members in 61 countries.
Člani so proizvajalci, izvozniki, uvozniki in prodajalci na drobno, ki verjamejo, da bi morala trgovina izboljšati življenje marginaliziranih ljudi brez škode za planet.
The members are producers, exporters, importers and retailers who all believe that trade should improve the lives of marginalized people without harming the planet.
FLO, mednarodna organizacija za označevanje izdelkov pravične trgovine je organ, ki določa standarde pravične trgovine po vsem svetu.
FLO , Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International, is the world-wide Fairtrade standard setting and certification body.
FLO sestavljata dve organizaciji, organizacija več zainteresiranih strani FLO e.V., ki razvija in pregleduje standarde, in FLO Certification Ltd, ki zagotavlja spoštovanje omenjenih standardov.
FLO comprises two organizations, the multi-stakeholder FLO e.V. which develops and reviews standards, and FLO Certification Ltd which ensures that those standards are met.
FLO predstavlja tudi krovno združenje dvajsetih nacionalnih pobud za označevanje izdelkov v 15 evropskih državah, na Japonskem, v ZDA, v Kanadi, v Mehiki, v Avstraliji in na Novi Zelandiji.
FLO also provides the umbrella association for twenty national Labelling initiatives across 15 European countries, Japan, the USA, Canada, Mexico, Australia and New Zealand.
EFTA, evropska federacija uvoznikov izdelkov pravične trgovine, spada pod mednarodno zvezo skupaj s svojimi enajstimi člani v devetih evropskih državah, ki so vse pomembne uvoznice izdelkov pravične trgovine.
EFTA , the European Fair Trade Association, belongs to the international association along with its eleven members in nine European countries, all major Fair trade importers.
Cilj federacije EFTA je podpirati svoje organizacije članice pri njihovem delu in jih spodbujati k sodelovanju in usklajevanju.
The aim of EFTA is to support its member organizations in their work and to encourage them to cooperate and coordinate.
Evropsko združenje svetovnih trgovin je tudi član mednarodne zveze.
The Network of European World Shops is also a member of the international association.
NEWS ! je krovno združenje 15 nacionalnih zvez svetovnih trgovin, ki prodajajo izdelke pravične trgovine v 13 državah v Evropi.
NEWS ! is the umbrella network of 15 national Worldshop associations in 13 countries in Europe.
Skupno je vanje včlanjenih 2500 trgovin, ki prodajajo izdelke pravične trgovine, z njimi pa upravlja 100,000 prostovoljcev in več kot sto zaposlenih, ki prodajajo izdelke, s katerimi se pravično trguje, in vodijo kampanje za pravičnejši sistem mednarodne trgovine.
Between them they have a membership of 2500 Worldshops, run by more than 100,000 volunteers and more than hundred staff, selling fairly traded products and campaigning for a fairer world trade system.
Decembra 2001 so ta štiri združenja razvila skupno definicijo pravične trgovine:
In December 2001, these four networks have developed a joint definition of Fair Trade:
Definicija pravične trgovine
Fair Trade definition
Pravična trgovina je trgovinsko partnerstvo, ki temelji na dialogu, preglednosti in spoštovanju ter si prizadeva za večjo enakopravnost v mednarodni trgovini.
Fair Trade is a trading partnership, based on dialogue, transparency and respect, that seeks greater equity in international trade.
Prispeva k trajnostnemu razvoju s tem, da ponuja boljše pogoje prodaje in zagotavlja pravice marginaliziranih proizvajalcev in delavcev, predvsem na jugu.
It contributes to sustainable development by offering better trading conditions to, and securing the rights of, marginalized producers and workers – especially in the South.
Organizacije, ki se ukvarjajo s pravično trgovino in ki jih podpirajo potrošniki, se aktivno vključujejo v podpiranje proizvajalcev, osveščanje in vodenje kampanj za spremembe v pravilih in praksi mednarodne trgovine.
Fair Trade organizations (backed by consumers) are engaged actively in supporting producers, awareness raising and in campaigning for changes in the rules and practice of international trade.
Učinki pravične trgovine
The impact of Fair Trade
Učinek pravične trgovine se je preučeval na veliko različnih načinov, na primer z merjenjem gospodarskih in finančnih koristi za proizvajalce, z ocenjevanjem učinka na ženske, s preučevanjem posrednega učinka in vpliva na skupnosti ipd.
The impact of Fair Trade has been studied in many different ways, e.g. by measuring the economic and financial benefits to the producers, by assessing the impact on women, by studying the indirect impact and spill-over effects on the communities, etc.
Organizacije pravične trgovine redno spremljajo učinek svojih dejavnosti: mednarodna zveza za pravično trgovino (IFAT) zahteva, da vse njene organizacije članice poročajo o svojih dosežkih v zvezi s pravično trgovino vsaki dve leti, in določa cilje za nadaljnje izboljšave.
Fair Trade Organisations monitor the impact of their activities regularly: IFAT requires all its member organisations to report their achievements in relation to Fair Trade standards every two years, and sets targets for further improvements.
FLO letno preverja registre proizvajalcev in revidira trgovinske tokove.
FLO carries out annual inspections of producers on its registers and audits trade flows.
Poleg tega obstajajo številne samostojne študije vplivov, ki jih izvajajo raziskovalni centri, vladni organi in univerze.
Additionally, there is a series of independent impact studies, carried out by research centres, government bodies and universities.
Finančne in gospodarske koristi pravične trgovine je precej preprosto izmeriti: v primerjavi z najnižjo ceno in premijo, če upoštevamo ceno na svetovnem trgu, kot jo za kavo vrste Arabica določa borza v New Yorku in za kavo vrste Robusta borza v Londonu, so dodatne koristi za pridelovalce kave znašale več kot 23 milijonov evrov.
The financial and economic benefits of Fair Trade can be measured relatively easily: In 2003, the extra benefits for coffee farmers, for instance, taking the World market price as defined for Arabica by the NY and for Robusta by the London stock exchange, compared with the Fair trade minimum price and premium, amounted to over 23 million euros.
Vendar pa so raziskave pokazale, da je učinek še pomembnejši na negospodarskih področjih, kot so povečanje usposobljenosti proizvajalcev z razvijanjem zmogljivosti in s tehnično pomočjo, zanesljivimi prihodki, neposredno prodajo in dostopnostjo kreditov ipd.
However, research has shown that the impact is even more significant in non-economic areas, such as the empowerment of producers through capacity building and technical assistance, income security, direct trade and credit provision, etc.
Veliko študij je ugotovilo tudi višjo stopnjo izobraževanja, ohranjanja domorodnih kultur in druge družbene koristi.
Many studies found also an improved level of education, the preservation of indigenous cultures and other social benefits.
Poleg teh neposrednih učinkov, obstajajo še številni vplivi in posredni učinki na proizvajalce izdelkov pravične trgovine.
Apart from these direct impacts there is a wide range of spill-over effects and indirect impacts to non-Fair Trade producers.
Prisotnost posrednikov za pravično trgovino lahko pripelje do sprememb v postopkih ocenjevanja in podatkih o cenah, ki bi končno koristila vsem proizvajalcem na tem področju.
The presence of Fair Trade intermediaries can bring changes in weighing practices and price information which ultimately benefits all producers in the area.
Organizacija proizvajalcev pomaga razbiti monopole nad cenami in prevozom.
The organisation of producers helps to break monopolies on prices and transportation.
Institucije, ki so izvedle ocene vpliva pravične trgovine, so oddelek za mednarodni razvoj, Združeno kraljestvo (DFID), Univerza zvezne države Kolorado, Univerza v Sussexu, Svetovna banka, Mednarodni inštitut za okolje in razvoj ipd.
Institutions that carried out Fair Trade impact assessments are DFID (Department for International Development, UK), the Colorado State University, the Sussex University, the World Bank, the International Institute for Environment and Development, etc..
Podatki o učinku pravične trgovine so na razpolago v Nicholls in Opal: Fair Trade.
Information on the impact of Fair Trade can be found in Nicholls and Opal: Fair Trade.
Market-driven Ethical Consumption , publikacije SAGE, 2005, na elektronskih naslovih
Market-driven Ethical Consumption, SAGE publications, 2005, on
PETDESET LET PRAVIČNE TRGOVINE
FIFTY YEARS OF FAIR TRADE
Kratka zgodovina gibanja PRAVIČNE TRGOVINE
A brief history of the FAIR TRADE movement
Danes je gibanje pravične trgovine globalno gibanje.
The Fair Trade movement today is a global movement.
Več kot milijon malih proizvajalcev in delavcev je združenih v 3 000 temeljnih organizacij in njihovih krovnih struktur v več kot 50 državah na jugu.
Over a million small-scale producers and workers are organized in as many as 3,000 grassroots organisations and their umbrella structures in over 50 countries in the South.
Njihovi izdelki so v prodaji v več tisoč specializiranih prodajalnah, tako imenovanih svetovnih trgovinah, supermarketih in na veliko drugih prodajnih mestih na severu ter vedno pogosteje v prodajalnah v državah v razvoju.
Their products are sold in thousands of specialised shops, so-called Worldshops, supermarkets and many other sales points in the North and, increasingly, in sales outlets in developing countries.
Prodajo izdelkov so vedno spremljali podatki o proizvodnji, proizvajalcih in njihovih življenjskih pogojih.
The sale of products always went alongside with information on the production, producers and their conditions of living.
Tako je pravična trgovina imela pionirsko vlogo pri osveščanju evropskih potrošnikov o družbenih, gospodarskih in okoljskih pogojih proizvodnje v državah v razvoju.
Thus, the Fair Trade movement has played a pioneering role in raising the awareness of European consumers about the social, economic and environmental conditions of production in developing countries.
Kje se je začelo?
Where did it all begin?
Začetki pravične trgovine segajo v pozna petdeseta leta, ko je britanska organizacija Oxfam v svojih trgovinah začela prodajati obrtne izdelke kitajskih beguncev.
The earliest traces of Fair Trade in Europe date from the late 1950s when Oxfam UK started to sell crafts made by Chinese refugees in Oxfam shops.