natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
E. ker je zdravstvenih delavcev znatno premalo ter ker so študije v Franciji in Veliki Britaniji pokazale, da so dnevna tveganja glavni razlog za neprivlačnost zdravstvenih poklicev; razen tega Evropsko poročilo Komisije o konkurenčnosti za leto 2004 ( SEC(2004)1397 ) priznava, da je vedno večje pomanjkanje zaposlenih v zdravstvenem sektorju posebna skrb Evropske unije,
E. whereas there is a serious shortage of healthcare staff, and studies in France and Great Britain have shown that one of the main reasons why the care profession is unattractive is because of the daily risks involved; and whereas the Commission's 2004 competition report ( SEC(2004)1397 ) recognised the growing lack of workers in the health sector as a matter of particular concern for the European Union,
F. ker je Evropska komisija stalno pod pričakovanji odgovarjala na parlamentarna vprašanja, ki so jih zastavili različni poslanci Evropskega parlamenta in s katerimi so poudarjali potrebo po nujnih in konkretnih ukrepih za zašito zdravstvenih delavcev,
F. whereas the Commission has delivered consistently disappointing responses to Parliamentary Questions posed by various Members of the European Parliament, highlighting the need for urgent and concrete steps for the protection of healthcare workers,
G. ker je treba Komisijo opomniti, da so takšni ukrepi skladni s pobudo za boljšo ureditev, vključno s spremembo zakonodaje, ki se je izkazala za neučinkovito,
G. whereas the Commission should be reminded that such action will be in line with the initiative for better regulation, including the amendment of legislation that has proved ineffective,
H. ker je bila Evropska komisija že večkrat seznanjena s skrbjo zaradi življenjsko nevarnih poklicnih tveganj, s katerimi se soočajo zdravstveni delavci zaradi okuženih igel, ter nedavno z omenjeno resolucijo Evropskega parlamenta z dne 24. februarja 2005, ki poziva k reviziji Direktive 2000/54/ES, da bi posebej obravnavali tveganje, ki izhaja iz dela z iglami in drugimi ostrimi medicinskimi pripomočki,
H. whereas concern regarding the life-threatening occupational risks faced by healthcare workers from contaminated needles has been brought to the attention of the Commission on several occasions, most recently in Parliament's abovementioned resolution of 24 February 2005, which calls for a revision of Directive 2000/54/EC to address specifically the risk arising from work with needles and medical sharps,
1. zahteva od Komisije, da v treh mesecih od datuma sprejetja te resolucije (na podlagi členov 137 in 251 Pogodbe) Parlamentu predloži zakonodajni predlog, ki spreminja Direktivo 2000/54/ES;
Requests the Commission to submit to Parliament within three months of the date of adoption of this resolution on the basis of Articles 137 and 251 of the Treaty, a legislative proposal for a directive amending Directive 2000/54/EC;
PRILOGA PREDLOGU RESOLUCIJE: PODROBNA PRIPOROČILA GLEDE VSEBINE ZAHTEVANIH PREDLOGOV
ANNEX TO THE MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION: DETAILED RECOMMENDATIONS AS TO THE CONTENT OF THE PROPOSAL REQUESTED
1.1 Poškodba z injekcijsko iglo pomeni naključni vbod kože z iglo, ki je morebiti okužena z bolnikovo krvjo.
1.1 A needlestick injury occurs when the skin is accidentally punctured with a needle that is potentially contaminated with a patient's blood.
Z okuženimi iglami se lahko prenese več kot 20 nevarnih krvno prenosljivih patogenov, vključno s hepatitisom B, hepatitisom C in HIV.
Contaminated needles can transmit more than 20 dangerous blood borne pathogens, including hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV.
Večino teh poškodb utrpijo sestre, velikemu tveganju pa so izpostavljeni tudi zdravniki in drugo medicinsko osebje (kot je osebje za čiščenje in pranje ter drugi delavci na nižji stopnji).
The majority of these injuries are suffered by nurses and doctors, but other medical staff are also at significant risk, as are auxiliary staff such as cleaners and laundry staff and other downstream workers.
1.2 V EU je okoli 10 % delavcev zaposlenih v zdravstvenem in socialnem sektorju, med katerimi jih je velik delež zaposlenih v bolnišnicah.
1.2 Approximately 10% of workers in the EU are employed in the health and welfare sector with a significant proportion employed in hospitals.
Tako je zdravstveno varstvo eden največjih zaposlitvenih sektorjev v Evropi.
This makes healthcare one of the biggest employment sectors in Europe.
Stopnja nesreč pri delu je v zdravstvenem varstvu in socialnih službah za 30 % nad povprečjem EU
Work related accident rates in the healthcare and social services sectors are 30% higher than the EU average
Glej KOM(2002) 0118. .
See COM(2002)0118 . .
Visoko na seznamu je izpostavljenost biološkim dejavnikom, zlasti virusu HIV in virusom hepatitisa B in C.
High on the list of hazards are exposures to biological agents especially HIV and the hepatitis B and C viruses.
1.3 Perkutna poškodba z ostrimi votlimi predmeti za zbiranje krvi je glavni način, kako se zdravstveni delavci pri delu okužijo s krvno prenosljivimi in potencialno smrtno nevarnimi boleznimi.
1.3 Percutaneous injury from hollow-bore blood-filled sharp objects is the primary route through which healthcare workers occupationally acquire blood borne and potentially fatal diseases.
Ocenjuje se, da se v Evropi vsako leto zgodi milijon poškodb z injekcijskimi iglami
It is estimated that there are 1 million needlestick injuries in Europe each year
a) Podatki EPINet.
a) EPINet Data.
Trajanje raziskave: od julija 2000 do junija 2001.
Period of Study: July 2000 to June 2001.
b) Spremljanje poklicne izpostavljenosti v Italiji: program SIROH, Gabriella De Carli, Vincent Puro, Vincenzo Puro, Giuseppe Ippolito, and the SIROH group, SIROH, 6 – 2002.
b) Surveillance of Occupational Exposures in Italy: the SIROH program, Gabriella De Carli, Vincent Puro, Vincenzo Puro, Giuseppe Ippolito, and the SIROH group, SIROH, 6 – 2002.
b) EPINet Španija, 1996 – 2000.
c) EPINet Spain, 1996 – 2000.
Hermandez – Navarette MJ, Arribas – Llorent JL, Campins Marti M, Garcia de Codes
Hermandez – Navarette MJ, Arribas – Llorent JL, Campins Marti M, Garcia de Codes Ilario.
d) - G De Carli, V Puro, G Ippolito, and the Studio Italiano Rischio Occupazionale da HIV (SIROH) Group .
d) Risk of Hepatitis C Virus Transmission following Percutaneous Exposure in Healthcare Workers, 2003 – G De Carli, V Puro, G Ippolito, and the Studio Italiano Rischio Occupazionale da HIV (SIROH) Group.
1.4 Postopki z visokim tveganjem vključujejo zbiranje krvi, IV kanulacijo in perkutne injekcijske brizgalke.
1.4 High risk procedures include blood collection, IV cannulation and percutaneously placed syringes.
Majhne količine krvi lahko povzročijo življenjsko nevarno okužbo.
Small amounts of blood can result in potentially life threatening infection.
Tveganje okužbe je odvisno od različnih dejavnikov, kot so status okužbe bolnika, prisotnost virusa v krvi, imunski status zaposlenega, globina poškodbe, količina prenesene krvi, čas od poškodbe do razkužitve rane ter razpoložljivost in uporaba profilakse po izpostavljenosti.
The risk of infection is dependent on various factors, such as the infection status of the patient, the virus load of the patient, the immune status of the staff member, the depth of the wound, the volume of blood transferred, the time between receiving and disinfecting the wound and the availability and use of post-exposure prophylaxis.
1.5 Razširjenost teh okužb je precej večja v zdravstvenem varstvu kot med prebivalstvom na splošno
1.5 The prevalence of these infections is considerably higher in the healthcare setting than in the general population
a) (University of Wuppertal) Hofmann F, Kralj N, Beie M.
a) (University of Wuppertal) Hofmann F, Kralj N, Beie M. Needle stick injuries in healthcare - frequency, causes and preventive strategies.
1.7 Študije kažejo, da lahko uporaba varnih potrebščin znatno zmanjša število poškodb z injekcijskimi iglami.
1.7 Studies have shown that the use of safer instruments can significantly reduce the number of needlestick injuries.
Ne glede na to lahko tudi redna izobraževanja in organizacijski ukrepi znatno zmanjšajo število poškodb z injekcijskimi iglami.
Independently of this measure, regular training and organisational measures can also significantly lessen the number of needlestick injuries.
Zato je treba razen uporabi pripomočkov z varnostnimi značilnostmi nameniti pozornost tudi organizacijskim ukrepom, kot so vzpostavljeni operativni postopki, izobraževanje in usposabljanje sodelavcev ter ozaveščanje o tveganih dejavnostih
Therefore, as well as the use of appliances with safety features, emphasis should be placed on organisational measures such as established working procedures, training and instruction of workers and raising awareness of risky activities
4 th Decennial International Conference on Nosicomial and Healthcare-Associated Infections 2000 (March 5-9).
In 4 th Decennial International Conference on Nosicomial and Healthcare-Associated Infections 2000 (March 5-9).
2003 okt; 31(6):357-63.
2003 Oct;31(6):357-63.
d) Louis N, Vela G, skupinski projekt.
d) Louis N, Vela G, Groupe Projet.
Bulletin Épidémiologique Hebdomadaire 2002 ;51: 260-261.
Bulletin Épidémiologique Hebdomadaire 2002 ;51 : 260-261.
f) Abiteboul D, Lolom I, Lamontagne F, Tarantola A, Deschamps JM, Bouve Et in skupina GERES.
f) Abiteboul D, Lolom I, Lamontagne F, Tarantola A, Deschamps JM, Bouve Et, and the GERES group.
GERS (Groupe d’étude sur le risque d’exposition des soignants aux agents infectieux).
GERES (Groupe d’étude sur le risque d’exposition des soignants aux agents infectieux).
Enquęte multicentrique sur les AES des infimier(e)s de Médecine et réanimation.
Enquête multicentrique sur les AES des infimier(e)s de Médecine et réanimation.
GERES Day, Hospital Bichat, junij 2002, Pariz. .
GERES Day, Hospital Bichat June 2002 Paris. .
OBSTOJEČA ZAKONODAJA
CURRENT LEGISLATION
2.1 Direktiva 2000/54/ES (sedma posebna direktiva v smislu člena 16(1) Direktive 89/391/ES) vsebuje določbe za varstvo delavcev pred tveganji zaradi izpostavljenosti biološkim dejavnikom pri delu.
2.1 Directive 2000/54/EC (the seventh individual directive within the meaning of article 16(1) of Directive 89/391/EC) contains provisions designed to protect workers from risks related to exposure to biological agents at work.
S tem v zvezi so še posebej pomembne določbe:
The following provisions are particularly relevant in this context:
- Biološki dejavniki so po ravni tveganja okužbe razvrščeni v štiri skupine (člen 2).
- Biological agents are classified into four groups according to their level of risk infection (Article 2).
- Delodajalec mora za vsako dejavnosti, ki bi lahko vsebovala tveganje zaradi izpostavljenosti biološkim dejavnikom, opraviti oceno tveganja (člen 3).
- In the case of any activity likely to involve a risk of exposure to biological agents the employer must carry out a risk assessment (Article 3).
- Kjer preprečevanje izpostavljenosti tveganju tehnično ni izvedljivo, je treba tveganje izpostavljenosti zmanjšati na tako nizko raven, kakršna je potrebna za ustrezno varovanje zdravja in varnost delavcev.
- Where it is not technically practicable to prevent exposure to risk, the risk must be reduced to as low a level as necessary to protect adequately the health and safety of the workers concerned.
To vključuje individualne varnostne ukrepe, pripravo načrtov za ravnanje ob nezgodah, za varno zbiranje, shranjevanje in odlaganje odpadkov (člen 6).
This includes individual protection measures, drawing up plans to deal with accidents and safe collection, storage and disposal of waste (Article 6).
- Natančno je treba določiti postopke za jemanje, ravnanje in obdelovanje vzorcev človeškega ali živalskega izvora (člen 8).
- Procedures for taking, handling and processing samples of human or animal origin must be established (Article 8).
- V zdravstvenih in veterinarskih ustanovah se sprejmejo ustrezni ukrepi, da se zavaruje zdravje in varnost zadevnih delavcev (člen 15).
- Appropriate measures must be taken in health and veterinary care facilities in order to protect the health and safety of workers concerned (Article 5).
2.2 Pomembna je tudi Direktiva Sveta 89/655/EGS o minimalnih varnostnih in zdravstvenih zahtevah za uporabo delovne opreme delavcev pri delu (druga posebna direktiva v smislu člena 16 (1) Direktive 89/391/EGS).
2.2 Council Directive 89/655/EEC concerning the minimum safety and health requirements for the use of work equipment by workers at work (second individual Directive within the meaning of article 16 (1) of Directive 89/391/EEC) is also relevant.
Člen 3 nalaga delodajalcu obveznost, da:
Article 3 imposes an obligation on the employer:
- zagotovi, da je delovna oprema primerna za opravljanje dela in da jo delavci lahko uporabljajo, ne da bi ogrožala njihovo zdravje ali varnost;
- to ensure that work equipment is suitable for the work to be carried out and may be used by workers without impairment to their health and safety;
- je pozoren na posebne delovne pogoje ter na nevarnosti, ki jih predstavlja uporaba te delovne opreme;
- to pay attention to the specific working conditions and hazards posed by the use of the equipment in question;
- sprejme ustrezne ukrepe za zmanjšanje tveganj do najmanjše možne mere.
- to take measures to minimise the risks.
Poleg tega morajo delavci imeti na voljo primerne informacije in usposabljanje za uporabo delovne opreme ter informacije o vseh tveganjih, ki jih taka uporaba lahko pomeni (člena 6 in 7).
In addition, Workers should receive information and training on the use of work equipment and any risks which such use may entail (Article 6 and 7).
ZAKAJ JE POTREBNA ZAKONODAJNA REŠITEV
WHY A LEGISLATIVE SOLUTION IS NECESSARY
3.1 Ker bi morala obstoječa zakonodaja v teoriji seznanjati s tveganjem za poškodbe z injekcijskimi iglami, v praksi pa to ne drži.
3.1 While the existing legislation should, theoretically, address the risk of needlestick injuries, in practical terms, this has not been the case.
Sporočilo Komisije o praktičnem izvajanju direktiv o varnosti in zdravju pri delu ( KOM(2004)0062 se posebej sklicuje na probleme v javnem sektorju, vključno v bolnišnicah.
The Commission communication on the practical implementation of the Health and Safety at Work Directives ( COM(2004)0062 )specifically references problems with the public sector including hospitals.
3.2 Smernice, kampanje ozaveščanja in druge nezakonodajne pobude lahko le delno pripomorejo k tem prizadevanjem, uporabiti jih bi morali kot dopolnitev direktiv
3.2 Guidelines, awareness campaigns and other non-legislative initiatives can only make a partial contribution; they should be used in addition to directives
Cilj zahtev TRBA 250 je med drugim zmanjšanje okužb zaradi vbodov z iglo.
One of the aims of the TRBA 250 is to reduce infections from needlestick injuries.
Zato so razen uvedbe varnih sistemov primerni tudi drugi postopki, ki zagotavljajo varno uporabo kanile.
Therefore apart from the introduction of safer systems, it recommends alternative procedures for safer handling of cannula.
Podjetjem bo zagotovljena pomoč s pravili poklicnega združenja za varnost in zdravje pri delu (BGR/TRBA 250).
The professional association rules for safety and health at work (BGR/TRBA 250) provide help for enterprises.
Če bodo uporabljali v njih opisane tehnike, bodo izpolnili zahteve uredbe o bioloških snoveh ("domneva o skladnosti").
If they keep to the techniques described here they can assume that they have complied with the requirements of the biological substances regulation (presumed effect, conformity effect).
Ker so zahteve opisane kot tehnična pravila in vključujejo izraze kot "naj bi" namesto, da bi določila zavezujoča priporočila, imajo majhen praktičen vpliv. ;
As the requirements are worded as technical rules, however, using terms such as ‘should’, rather than defining mandatory requirements, they have had little practical impact. ;
Evropsko poročilo o konkurenčnosti za leto 2004 ( SEC(2004)1397 ) potrjuje vedno večje pomanjkanje zdravstvenih delavcev, kar povzroča skrb po vsej Evropi.
The 2004 European Competitiveness Report ( SEC(2004)1397 ) acknowledges the escalating shortage of healthcare workers as a cause for concern throughout Europe.
Več razlogov je, zakaj so poklici v javnem zdravstvu neprivlačni – k temu v vsakem primeru dodatno prispevajo poklicna tveganja za varnost na delovnem mestu.
There are many reasons why healthcare may not be seen as an attractive career, but the occupational safety risks that are present in the workplace are certainly a contributing factor.
b) US General Accounting Office, Impact assessment regarding Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act; 17. november 2000
b) US General Accounting Office, Impact assessment regarding Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act; Nov 17, 2000
Needles for Venous Blood.Louis Nicole (1), Vela Gilles (2) in Project Group Cellule d’Hygične [Hygiene Unit], Centre Hospitalier 06401 – Cannes cedex Département d’Ergonomie, Centre Hospitalier Cannes
Needles for Venous Blood.Louis Nicole (1), Vela Gilles (2) and the Project Group Cellule d’Hygiène [Hygiene Unit], Centre Hospitalier 06401 – Cannes cedex Département d’Ergonomie [Department of Ergonomics], Centre Hospitalier Cannes
POSEBNE DOLOČBE
SPECIFIC PROVISIONS
5.1 V Direktivo 2000/54/ES je potrebno vključiti naslednje določbe:
5.1 The following provisions need to be inserted into Directive 2000/54/EC:
Člen 2, točka (ca)
Article 2, point (ca)
"oster medicinski pripomoček" pomeni votle vbodne igle (kakršne so del injekcijskih brizgalk, kirurških nožičev, posebnih pripomočkov za zbiranje vzorcev krvi in IV katetrov), sterilne igle, skalpele in druge ostre medicinske potrebščine."
"'medical sharp' shall include hollow-bore needles (such as those incorporated in syringes, lancets, specialised blood sampling devices, winged needles and IV catheters), suture needles, scalpels and other medical cutting implements."
Člen 15, odstavek 1, točka (ca)
Article 15, paragraph 1, point (ca)
"tveganje za poškodbo z iglami in drugimi ostrimi medicinskimi pripomočki, ki so kontaminirani s krvjo."
"the risk of injury from needles and other medical sharps that are contaminated with blood."
Člen 15, odstavek 2a
Article 15, paragraph 2a
"Varni delovni pripomočki za zaščito pred urezi in vbodi ne smejo ogrožati bolnika.
"Safe devices to prevent cutting and needlestick injuries should not endanger the patients.
Brez poseganja v odstavek 2 in z udeležbo odgovornih zdravnikov se v zdravstvenih in veterinarskih ustanovah sprejmejo naslednji ukrepi, da se zavaruje delavce pred poškodbami z iglami in drugimi ostrimi medicinskimi pripomočki:
Without prejudice to paragraph 2, and with the participation of the doctors responsible, the following specific preventative measures shall be taken in health and veterinary care facilities to protect workers from injuries caused by needles and other medical sharps
(a) če so na voljo, se uporabljajo varni in učinkoviti sistemi za zmanjšanje uporabe kanil, npr. intravenske kanile;
(a) where available, safe and effective systems to minimise the use of cannula should be used, e.g. cannula that remain in the vein;
(b) na podlagi presoje tveganja se pravočasno uvede uporaba pripomočkov za varnost, kjer ti obstajajo, pri čemer imajo prednost področja z največjim tveganjem za okužbo ali naključno poškodbo;
(b) on the basis of risk-assessment security devices where they exist will be introduced in a timely fashion giving priority to areas of greatest risk of infection or accidental injury;
(c) delovne prakse, ki pomenijo tveganje za poškodbo z iglo, se spremenijo tako, da so varnejše, in odpraviti se ponovna uporaba igel;
(c) Work practices that pose a risk of needle injury shall be modified to make them safer and recapping needles shall be eliminated;
(d) vse delavce – zlasti tiste, ki vstavljajo kanile – je treba usposabljati za varno uporabo ter odlaganje igel in drugih ostrih medicinskih pripomočkov v ustrezne zabojnike za ostre pripomočke ter za pravilno zapiranje odpadkov v te zabojnike;
(d) all workers - especially those who perform cannulation shall be trained in the safe use and disposal of needles and other medical sharps in appropriate sharps containers, as well as in the proper sealing of waste in these containers;
(e) če posoda za ostre predmete ni v neposredni bližini prostora, kjer se uporablja igla, mora delavec nositi podstavek za enkratno uporabo, ki ga sproti zavrže v posodo za klinične odpadke, da se prepreči kontaminacija v primeru onesnaženja s krvjo;
(e) if a sharps bin is not in the immediate vicinity of where a needle is used, the worker should carry a disposable tray, which in turn will be disposed of in a clinical waste bin to prevent contamination in the event of blood staining;
(f) na delovnem mestu je potrebno zagotoviti pisna navodila in po potrebi izobesiti obvestila o postopkih, ki jim je potrebno slediti v primeru nezgode ali incidenta z iglami ali drugimi ostrimi medicinskimi pripomočki;
(f) written instructions shall be provided at the workplace and, if appropriate, notices displayed communicating the procedures to be followed in the case of accident or incident involving needles and other medical sharps;
(g) izvede se učinkovit odziv in spremljanje nezgod in incidentov, vključno s hitro profilakso po izpostavljenosti;
(g) effective response and follow-up to accidents or incidents including rapid post -exposure prophylaxis shall be carried out;
(h) vsem delavcem, ki lahko pridejo v stik z iglami in drugimi ostrimi medicinskimi pripomočki, je treba omogočiti cepljenje proti hepatitisu B;
(h) all workers who may come into contact with needles and other medical sharps shall be offered vaccination against hepatitis B;
(i) vodi se poseben register poškodb z iglami ali ostrimi medicinskimi pripomočki;
(i) injuries from needles or medical sharps shall be recorded in a special register;
(j) Komisija do [4 leta po začetku veljavnosti sprememb Direktive 2000/54/ES, priporočenih v tej resoluciji] preveri, ali se je uvedba pripomočkov z varnostnimi značilnostmi v smislu odstavka 2a(b) uspešno izvajala.
(j) by (four years after this resolution's recommended changes to Directive 2000/54/EC come into force), the Commission shall ascertain whether devices with safety features within the meaning of paragraph 2a(b) have been introduced successfully.
Preveri se, za koliko se je zaradi obvezne uvedbe zmanjšalo število poškodb in okužb na področjih s povečanim tveganjem okužbe in ali je treba uporabo tega člena razširit na nadaljnja področja."
Studies should be conducted on the extent to which introduction of such devices in areas with high risk of infection have reduced the number of wounds and infections and whether further areas should be included in the field of application of this article.
Ovrednoti se tudi, kateri pripomočki so za delavce najučinkovitejši in najbolj sprejemljivi.
The evaluation will also assess which devices are most effective and acceptable for employees.
Člen 15, odstavek 2b
Article 15, paragraph 2b
Predpisi začnejo veljati dve leti po objavi v Uradnem listu Evropske unije;"
The rules shall enter into force two years after their publication in the Official Journal of the European Union;"
Priporočila Komisije o zaščiti evropskih zdravstvenih delavcev pred krvno prenosljivimi infekcijami, ki jih povzročajo injekcijske igle
Protecting European healthcare workers from blood borne infections due to needlestick injuries
o predlogu spremembe proračuna št. 1/2006 Evropske unije za proračunsko leto 2006 (Poplave v Bolgariji, Romuniji in Avstriji)
on Draft amending budget No 1/2006 of the European Union for the financial year 2006 (Floods in Bulgaria, Romania and Austria)
o predlogu spremembe proračuna št. 1/2006 Evropske unije za proračunsko leto 2006 (Poplave v Bolgariji, Romuniji in Avstriji) - Oddelek III - Komisija
on Draft amending budget No 1/2006 of the European Union for the financial year 2006 (Floods in Bulgaria, Romania and Austria) - Section III – Commission
1. , in zlasti členov 37 in 38 te uredbe,
1. , and in particular Articles 37 and 38 thereof,
– ob upoštevanju splošnega proračuna Evropske unije za proračunsko leto 2006, kakor je bil dokončno sprejet 15. decembra 2005
– having regard to the general budget of the European Union for the financial year 2006, as finally adopted on 15 December 2005