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Trije dobitniki letošnje nagrade Saharov
Ladies, Ibrahim and Reporters joint Sakharov prize winners
Predsednik Evropskega parlamenta Josep Borrell je v sredo med plenarnim zasedanjem v Strasbourgu podelil nagrado Saharov za leto 2005.
European Parliament President Josep Borrell presented the 2005 Sakharov Prize for freedom of thought during Wednesday's plenary session in Strasbourg.
Nagrado, namenjeno posameznikom in organizacijam, ki pomembno prispevajo k uveljavljanju človekovih pravic, zaščiti manjšin in razvoju demokracije, so letos dobili trije nagrajenci: kubansko opozicijsko gibanje Dame v belem, nigerijska odvetnica Hauwa Ibrahim in organizacija Novinarji brez meja.
The award recognises achievements in human rights, protection of minorities, defence of international cooperation and the development of democracy.
Josep Borrell je v uvodnem nagovoru opozoril, da je namen nagrade dati spodbudo tistim, ki se borijo za svobodo in človeško dostojanstvo, proti režimom, ki zapirajo svoje kritike ter proti nečloveškemu ravnanju.
This year it was awarded to three laureates: Cuban protest movement "Damas de Blanco", Nigerian human rights lawyer Hauwa Ibrahim and "Reporters without Borders".
"Letošnji nagrajenci simbolizirajo boj za demokracijo in pravičnejši svet", je dejal Borrell in opozoril da se Dame v belem niso mogle udeležiti podelitve, ker jim kubanske oblasti niso izdale dovoljenja za potovanje iz države, kar parlament odločno obsoja.
"We have followed your work, we have followed your struggle" were the words President Borrell used to salute the Sakharov winners.
Po predstavitvi nagrajencev je Borrell zaključil z besedami Voltaira in Brechta: "Svoboda govora je pravica vseh svobodnih ljudi.
He condemned the refusal of the Cuban authorities to allow the Ladies in White to attend but said that, as with some previous winners such as Nelson Mandela, the Parliament would continue with the award in spite of the oppressive restrictions imposed on the winners.
Samo tiranija jo odreka in povzroča žrtve.
To the Ladies in White he praised their "willingness to say in public what the (political) prisoners could not."
Nagrajencem izrekamo priznanje za njihov pogum."
To Hauwa Ibrahim he spoke of the Parliament's admiration for "your determination to uphold the law" and her example to women "who want to escape from ignorance and poverty."
V imenu skupine Dame v belem se je za nagrado zahvalila Blanca Reyes , kubanska oporečnica, ki živi v Španiji.
Directing his comments towards Robert Ménard of Reporters without Borders, President Borrell praised their work by saying that "there cannot be democracy without pluralistic information."
Prebrala je sporočilo predstavnic gibanja, ki se od leta 2003 bori za pravice 75 zaprtih oporečnikov ter povabila parlamentarce, naj pridejo na Kubo in Damam tam predajo nagrado.
Finally, to assembled MEPs he ended his introduction by quoting Voltaire who said that "freedom of expression is what separates us from tyranny."
Naši prazni stoli so kritika oblasti in me gremo naprej - nič ni nemogoče, kar temelji na razumu, spravi in ljubezni," so sporočile kubanske oporečnice.
She said their struggle "was moved by pain and injustice and without political motivations."
Nigerijska odvetnica Huawa Ibrahim se je v čustvenem govoru zahvalila za nagrado in pojasnila, na kakšen način se s pravnimi sredstvi bori proti nečloveški razlagi šeriatskega prava, po katerem so ženske v severni Nigeriji obsojene na smrt s kamenjanjem zaradi prešuštva, mladi prestopniki pa na amputacije rok zaradi tatvin.
Mrs Reyes said that the Cuban government violated its citizen's human rights "on a daily basis," - for example by not allowing five Cuban ladies to attend the Parliament to receive their award.
Dejala je, da je s svojim prizadevanjem pokazala, kako se "deluje lokalno in misli globalno" in razložila kako bo nadaljevala svoj boj: "Šeriatsko pravo je treba reformirati.
Regarding the Sakharov Prize, Mrs Reyes said it would "encourage us to continue our struggle," and by receiving such an award "everyone in the world will hear their voice."
Analizirati moramo razmere, razmišljati strateško in oblikovati alternative.
She said that she engaged the Mullahs and the religious leaders in her fight and tried to understand the dynamics of Nigerian society.
Zdaj imamo več samozavesti in naš glas se bolje sliši."
"We act locally, but think globally" she said.
Napovedala je, da bo celoten znesek nagrade vložila v sklad za izobraževanje mladih iz revnih družin, saj je izobrazba pot do uspeha.
Ms Ibrahim explained how she engaged with religious after being introduced to them by a local BBC journalist.
Evropskemu parlamentu se je zahvalila za vso podporo in zavezništvo ter zaključila z besedami: "Kako pomemben dan, kako velika čast je to!"
In 2005 in Nigeria under Sharia law, it was still possible for a woman to be stoned to death for having child out of wedlock.
Za organizacijo Novinarji brez meja je nagrado prevzel njen predsednik Robert Menard .
The way to overcome this was through a bottom-up approach.
Dejal je, da priznanje posveča vsem novinarjem, ki so bili ubiti pri opravljanju svojega poklica in opozoril, da se v boju za svobodo govora dostikrat uporabljajo dvojna merila, ko se zdi, da so življenja nekaterih vredna več od življenj drugih.
"The European Parliament is one of the most important organs in the world and with it behind me, my voice for the unrepresented is louder and I have a deeper sense of mission for assisting the vulnerable and powerless".
Tako njegovi organizaciji nihče ne oporeka, ko opozarja na diktaturo v Burmi ali Laosu, kritik pa so deležni, ko na primer poudarijo, da je diktatura tudi Kuba.
Robert MÉNARD, the Secretary General of Reporters without Borders said that it was a great honour for his organisation to receive the Sakharov Prize.
"Ali pa drug primer: na Kubi je zaprtih 24 novinarjev, kar je nesprejemljivo in vsi se s tem strinjamo.
In particular, he thanked Jean-Marie CAVADA (ALDE, FR).
Nihče pa ne skoči pokonci, ko opozarjamo, da ameriška vojska v Iraku tudi zapira novinarje. (...)
"64 journalists have been killed in Iraq, twice as many that were killed in the Vietnam war".
Vrednote demokracije so enake povsod po svetu.
He also highlighted the case of the latest car bomb killing of anti-Syria MP and journalist Gibran Tueni and stated that the international community needed to stand up for democracy in Lebanon.
Enostavno se je zavzemati za pravice enako mislečih, težje pa se je boriti za pravice tistih, ki mislijo drugače in so lahko naslednji dan grožnja prav tej demokraciji.
He also criticised the international community for not showing as much interest and passion in the plight of some journalists that are still held illegally as the interest shown and raised for Florence Aubenas.
Vrednost nagrade je 50.000 evrov.
"What is good about human right is that they are ongoing, they serve to improve people's lives on a daily basis".
Nagrada Saharov - priznanje človekovim pravicam
The Sakharov Prize: championing human rights
Oblečene so v belo kot simbol miru in nedolžnosti zapornikov.
It also champions the protection of journalists and other media professionals from censorship or harassment.
Parlament si za spoštovanje človekovih pravic in demokracije prizadeva tudi na druge načine.
The Sakharov prize is not the only way in which Parliament upholds respect for human rights and democracy.
Za podrobnejše informacije si oglejte članek o človekovih pravicah (v angleščini) v podrubriki "Background" rubrike Tiskovna služba.
To learn more, please see the background note on human rights and the European Parliament in the press section of the website.
Tonski posnetki izjav predsednikov političnih skupin Josep Borrell Informativni material o nagradi Saharov za svobodo misli
Political groups reactions EP President Borrell reaction Download communication campaign supports
Kaj je nagrada Saharov?
Sakharov Prize: Frequently Asked Questions
Vprašanja o nagradi Saharov 1.
The Sakharov prize celebrates freedom of thought 1.
Kdo je bil Andrej Saharov?
Who was Andrei Sakharov?
Nagrada se imenuje po Andreju Saharovu (1921-1989), ki je postal svetovno znan kot eden od izumiteljev sovjetske vodikove bombe.
The prize is named after Andrei Sakharov (1921-1989), who achieved world renown as one of the inventors of the Soviet hydrogen bomb.
Ko se je zavedel nevarnosti zlorabe jedrskega orožja, je začel opozarjati javnost na nevarnosti jedrskega oboroževanja.
Realizing the dangers of its potential abuse, he spent a lot of time raising awareness of the nuclear arms race.
Sovjetske oblasti so ga označile za disidenta in ga obsodile na zapor zaradi njegovih prepričanj.
In the Soviet Union he was seen as a dissident and was jailed for his beliefs.
Leta 1970 je ustanovil odbor za zaščito človekovih pravic in žrtev političnih procesov.
He also founded a committee to defend human rights and the victims of political trials in 1970.
Pet let kasneje je za svoja prizadevanja za mednarodni mir prejel Nobelovo nagrado za mir.
Five years later his efforts for international peace won him the Nobel Prize.
Kdo izbere dobitnika?
So, who picks the winner?
Evropski poslanci in politične skupine Evropskega parlamenta vsako leto predlagajo svoje kandidate, iz tega seznama pa parlamentarni odbor za zunanje zadeve izbere tri finaliste.
Every year MEPs and Political Groups in the Parliament nominate candidates - from this list the Committee on Foreign Affairs select three "finalists".
Predsedujoči političnih skupin (Konferenca predsednikov) nato izberejo dobitnika.
The chairpersons of the political groups (the "Conference of Presidents") then select a winner.
Nagrado uradno podeli predsednik parlamenta na decembrskem plenarnem zasedanju.
The prize is formally awarded by the President of the Parliament during the December Plenary session.
Dobitnik prejme priznanje in ček za 50.000 evrov.
The winner receives a certificate and a cheque for 50,000 euros.
Kaj je namen nagrade?
What is the purpose of the award?
Z nagrado za izjemne dosežke v prizadevanjih za zaščito svobode misli in zavzemanju proti nestrpnosti, fanatizmu in sovraštvu, želi parlament dvigniti zavest o človekovih pravicah.
By rewarding outstanding achievements in the fight to protect freedom of thought and expression against intolerance, fanaticism and hatred, the Parliament seeks to raise awareness about human rights.
S tem izraža svoje prepričanje, da temeljne svoboščine niso samo pravica do življenja in človekovega dostojanstva, ampak tudi svobodo izražanja in medijev, ki sta med najučinkovitejšimi načini boja proti zatiranju in ključni merili, s katerimi se presodi ali je družba demokratična in odprta.
This reflects its conviction that fundamental freedoms include not only the right to life and physical integrity, but also freedom of expression and of the press, two of the most effective means of fighting oppression and key yardsticks by which to judge whether a society is democratic and open.
Kdo je lanskoletni dobitnik?
Who won last year?
Nagrada Saharov za leto 2004 je dobila Belorusko združenje novinarjev za svoja prizadevanja za svobodo medijev v Belorusiji.
The 2004 Sakharov prize went to the Belarusian Association of Journalists for their work in promoting press freedom in Belarus.
Pogum na Kubi - ženske demonstracije proti nepravičnim kaznim
Sakharov nominee: Cuban women who protest against unjust imprisonment
Kampanja proti nepravičnim aretacijam Aretacija političnih oporočnikov leta 2003 še vedno meče temno senco na Kubo.
A campaign against unjust imprisonment The arrest of political dissidents in 2003 continues to cast a shadow over Cuba.
Večina od 75 aretiranih je zato, ker so bili kritični do oblasti zaradi zatiranja politične svobode v državi, še vedno v zaporu.
Most of the 75 men detained are still in jail - imprisoned for criticising the lack of political freedom in the country.
Vendar pa poskus, da bi jih utišali, ni uspel, saj so njihove žene in hčerke z mirnimi protesti vsako nedeljo pritegnile pozornost mednarodne javnosti.
However, the attempt to silence them has failed as their wives and daughters have brought international attention to the issue by their peaceful protests every Sunday.
Protestnice so se v začetku leta 2004 poimenovale Dame v belem (Damas de blanco).
They call themselves the "Ladies in White" ("Damas de blanco") and were formed in early 2004.
Oblečene so v belo, barvo ki simbolizira nedolžnost in čistost, ter se zgledujejo po argentinske materah, ki so v 70-ih letih s podobnimi protesti na Majskem trgu v Buenos Airesu od takratnih vojaških oblasti zahtevale informacije o svojih pogrešanih otrocih.
By wearing white to symbolise innocence and purity they echo Argentine women in the 1970's who used a similar tactic to demand information about their missing children during the military dictatorship.
Odnosi med Evropsko unijo in Kubo so se zaradi aretacije političnih oporečnikov zelo zaostrili.
The European Union's relations with Cuba have been severely strained by the arrest of the dissidents.
Aprila 2004 je Evropski parlament kot znak podpore zapornikom sprejel resolucijo, s katero je pozval k njihovi izpustitvi ter aretacije označil za "kršitev temeljnih človekovih pravic, še posebej svobode do izražanja in političnega združevanja".
In April 2004 the European Parliament passed a resolution in support of the imprisoned men.
Resolucija je od kubanskih oblasti zahtevala, da naj "storijo korenite spremembe, da bo zagotovljeno popolno spoštovanje temeljnih človekovih pravic in svoboščin", zunanji ministri držav članic EU pa so v skupni izjavi ravnanje kubanskih oblasti označili kot "obžalovanja vredno".
It called for the men to be released and said their arrest "constituted a breach of the most elementary human rights, especially as regards freedom of expression and political association".
Unija je sprejela vrsto sankcij, ki so praktično pomenile prekinitev medvladnih odnosov s Kubo.
It went on to demand that the Cuban government "make significant changes with a view to moving towards full respect for fundamental freedoms".
Otok je močno odvisen od turizma kot vira prihodkov, v revščini pa živi več kot 20 odstotkov prebivalcev.
Since January this year however, sanctions have been suspended and contacts resumed as the Europe tries to use its "soft power" of economic and political persuasion to alleviate the situation in Cuba - a country heavily dependent on tourism and where 20% of the population live in poverty.
Dame v belem vztrajajo kljub poskusom, da bi jih utišali.
The ladies in white continue to campaign despite attempts to silence them.
Najresnejši incident se je zgodil 20. marca 2004, na cvetno nedeljo, ko so jih napadle in ozmerjale članice uradnega združenja kubanskih žensk.
The most serious attack on them was March 20 2004 - Palm Sunday - when they were assaulted and insulted by members of the official Cuban Woman's Federation.
Protestnice so deležne široke mednarodne podpore.
International support for their cause has been extensive.
Nominacija za nagrado Saharov za svobodo misli, ki jo podeljuje Evropski parlament, je priznanje njihovemu izrednemu pogumu in predanosti boju za človekove pravice na Kubi.
Their nomination for the European Parliament's Sakharov prize for freedom of thought recognises their courage and commitment to the cause of human rights in Cuba.
Skupino je podprl tudi Mednarodni odbor za demokracijo na Kubi, katerega ustanovitelj, nekdanji češki predsednik Vaclav Havel, je na nedavni ibersko-ameriški vrh naslovil pismo, v katerem poziva voditelje latinskoameriških držav, da naj Havano "primejo za besedo" glede uradnih zagotovil o spoštovanju človekovih pravic.
The group have also been backed by the International Committee for Democracy in Cuba (ICDC), whose founder, former Czech President Vaclav Havel, recently delivered a letter to the Ibero-American summit calling on them to hold Cuba to earlier declarations on human rights.
European Parliament resolution on Cuba Damas_de_Blanco (small) Damas_de_Blanco (medium) Damas_de_Blanco (large)
Previous Sakharov winners Parliament's Resolution on Cuba Damas_de_Blanco (small) Damas_de_Blanco (medium) Damas_de_Blanco (large)
Pravo proti fundamentalizmu – Hauwa Ibrahim, kandidatka za nagrado Saharov 2005
Sakharov Nominee: Hauwa Ibrahim - Law versus fundamentalism
Hauwa Ibrahim Nigerijska odvetnica Hauwa Ibrahim počne nekaj, kar se lahko označi le kot "nenavadna praksa": brani ženske, ki so obsojene na smrt s kamenjanjem.
Hauwa Ibrahim Nigerian lawyer Hauwa Ibrahim has built up what can only be described as an extraordinary practice: defending women condemned to death by stoning.
V tistih nigerijskih zveznih državah, kjer velja islamski zakonik, je za prešuštvo predpisana smrtna kazen.
In those Nigerian states which apply Islamic law, adultery carries the death penalty.
Hauwa Ibrahim, tudi sama muslimanka, se neutrudno bori − prostovoljno in kljub grožnjam − proti verskemu fundamentalizmu.
A Muslim herself, Hauwa Ibrahim works tirelessly - voluntarily and despite intimidation - to fight religious fundamentalism.
Bodo določbe v ustavi njene lastne države ter mednarodna podpora dovolj za zmago v bitki?
Will the provisions of her own country’s Constitution and international support be enough to win the battle?
Sama verjame v uspeh.
She believes so.
Hauwa Ibrahim je edina odvetnica v Nigeriji, ki nasprotuje šeriatskemu pravu.
Hauwa Ibrahim is the only lawyer in her country opposed to Sharia (Islamic law) law.
Kot ženska ne sme nastopati pred islamskim sodiščem, zato jo v njenem imenu zastopajo moški kolegi.
As a woman, however, she does not have the right to appear before the Islamic courts.
Ker je muslimanka, so jo obtožili izdaje lastne vere.
Her colleagues have to speak in her place.
Vendar pa: kdo, razen nje, lahko brani obtožence (večinoma ženske), ki so zaradi "neprimernega vedenja" obsojeni na grozljive kazni - bičanje, amputacije udov in kamenjanje?
But who, other than her, can defend people (mainly women) condemned under Sharia law to horrifying punishments (lashing, stoning and amputation) for “deviant behaviour”?
V deželi, kjer je polovica prebivalstva muslimanske vere, ter med kristjani in muslimani ostaja globok prepad, se njeni krščanski kolegi izogibajo zapletanju v islamske zadeve.
In a country where half the population is Muslim, and where deep divisions remain between the two communities, her Christian colleagues have little inclination to become involved in matters to do with Islam.
Muslimanski odvetniki, ki jih je malo, pa si ne želijo okusiti njenih slabih izkušenj: nadlegovanja, groženj po telefonu, zmerjanja prek letakov in vložene obtožnice zaradi javnega klevetanja sodišča.
Muslim lawyers, who are in the minority, are not particular keen to experience the fate that has befallen her: harassment, threatening phone calls, being insulted in leaflets and a formal charge of libelling the judiciary.
Vendar ne misli utihniti.
But she won’t be silenced.
Iz upora se je razvila odločnost za dokazovanje, da je obsojence na nepravične kazni ali tiste, ki se niso zmožni zagovarjati, mogoče braniti na zakonit in miroljuben način.
Revolt has given way to a determination to show that those sentenced to unjust punishments, or who are incapable of defending themselves, can be defended in a legal and peaceful manner.
Hauwa Ibrahim si prizadeva, da bi se ta zakonska določila tudi dejansko izvajala in si upa zastavljati vprašanja nigerijskim oblastem o ustavnosti izvrševanja šeriatskega prava.
Hauwa Ibrahim wants it to be applied, and she dares to question the Nigerian authorities directly about the constitutionality of applying Sharia law.
Njena sposobnost, da je opozorila mednarodno javnost, je verjetno ohranila pri življenju Amino Lawal, ki je bila obsojena na smrt s kamenjanjem, ker je rodila izvenzakonskega otroka.
It was her ability to arouse international public opinion that made it possible to save the life of Amina Lawal, who was condemned to be stoned to death for having given birth outside of marriage.
Sodišča sicer še vedno izrekajo smrtne obsodbe, vendar se vsaj za zdaj te kazni ne izvršujejo.
Death sentences continue to be handed down but they are not carried out - for the moment anyhow.
Razmere je zato treba pozorno spremljati.
However, the situation needs to be kept under close watch.
Hauwa Ibrahim je stara 37 let in je mati dveh otrok.
Hauwa Ibrahim is 37 and a mother of two.
Pri 12 letih se je morala poročiti in prekiniti šolanje.
Her marriage was arranged when she was 12 and her studies ought to have ended at primary school.
Kasneje si je sama plačala študij prava, zato se zaveda, da je izobrazba najboljša obramba pred revščino.
She financed her studies herself and she is acutely aware of the importance of education as the best defence for those facing the greatest deprivation.
Revščina in nepismenost hodita z roko v roki - nevednost pa je gorivo za fundamentalizem.
Poverty and illiteracy go hand in hand - and fundamentalism feeds on ignorance.
Nagrada Saharov za svobodo misli Seznam kandidatov za nagrado Saharov za leto 2005 Nominiranci za nagrado Saharov za leto 2005 Resolucija Evropskega parlamenta o primeru Amine Lawal, sprejeta 13. marca 2003
The Sakharov Prize for freedom of thought Candidates for the 2005 Sakharov Prize The situation in Nigeria and the case of Amina Lawal
Kandidati za nagrado Saharov - novinarji, ki se borijo za svobodo tiska
Sakharov Nominee: Reporters who defend freedom of the press
Plakat kampanje Novinarjev brez meja “Novinarji brez meja” , ki se zavzemajo za svobodo tiska po vsem svetu, so tretji nominiranec za letošnjo nagrado Saharov za svobodo misli.
Poster of Reporters without Borders "Reporters Without Borders" - a group that campaigns for press freedom around the world - is the third and final nominee for Parliament's Sakharov prize for freedom of thought.
Organizacija praznuje letos 20. obletnico svojega delovanja - dveh desetletij prizadevanj za zaščito in podporo novinarjem ter drugim medijskim delavcem pred preganjanjem in cenzuro.
The group, celebrating its 20th anniversary this year, defends and supports journalists and others working in the media from persecution and censorship.
Boj proti cenzuri je posebnega pomena, saj po podatkih organizacije kar v tretjini držav na svetu mediji še vedno niso svobodni. tretjina držav še nima svobodnih medijev.
This is particularly important as according to the group, a third of all countries in the world still do not have a free media.
Žalostna je tudi tragična bilanca novinarjev, ki so bili ubiti med opravljanjem svojega poklica.
There is also the grim death toll of journalists and others who are killed while carrying out their work.
Po podatkih Mednarodnega inštituta za varnost novinarjev (INSI) je bilo do 10. oktobra letos med poročanjem ubitih že 62 novinarjev.
According to the International News Safety Institute (INSI), as of 10 October this year 62 journalists had been killed while covering news stories.
Univerzalna pravica: Novinarji brez meja so navdih za svoje delo dobili v 19. členu Splošne deklaracije o človekovih pravicah iz leta 1948, ki pravi, da ima vsakdo "pravico do svobode mnenja in izražanja" ter pravico do "iskanja, sprejemanja in sporočanja" informacij in idej.
A universal right: Reporters without Borders draws its inspiration from Article 19 of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights which states that everyone has "the right to freedom of opinion and expression" and also the right to "seek, receive and impart" information and ideas.
Pravice so bile nato večkrat opredeljene v številnih listinah in deklaracijah po vsem svetu, tudi v Afriki in Amerikah.
This has been restated by several charters and declarations around the world covering Africa and the Americas.
Evropa jih je leta 1950 vključila v Evropsko konvencijo o človekovih pravicah in temeljnih svoboščinah.
In Europe this right is included in the 1950 European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms.