natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
20050819STO00999 Spletna stran s vsemi podrobnostmi o projektu Galileo (v angleščini) Informativna brošura o projektu Galileo (v angleščini) Spletna stran Evropske vesoljske agencije (v angleščini) Vse podrobnosti o ustreznem parlamentarnem odboru (v angleščini) Življene in dela Galilea Galileija (v angleščini)
20050819STO00999 A website giving all the details on the Galileo project An information brochure on Galileo Website of the European Space Agency All the details of the relevant Parliamentary Committee The life and works of Galileo Galilei
Avtocesta v nebesa?
Highway to heaven?
Evropejci radi potujemo po cestah, saj je trenutno v Evropski uniji preko 375 milijonov uporabnikov cest.
Europeans love to travel by road, at present there are over 375 million road users in the European Union.
Ljubimo svobodo, neodvisnost in praktičnost, ki nam jih ceste nudijo.
We love the freedom, independence and practicality that it provides.
Manj nam ugajajo smrt, poškodbe in krvavi prizori, ki so s tem povezani.
What is less appreciated is the death, injury and carnage that accompanies it.
Zadnji podatki kažejo, da je leta 2003 na evropskih cestah umrlo 39.062 ljudi, 1.7 milijona pa je bilo ranjenih (1).
In 2003, the last year in which figures were recorded, 39,062 people died and 1.7 million were injured on Europe's roads (1).
Dejstvo je, da za osebe mlajše od 50 let obstaja večja verjetnost, da bodo umrli v prometni nesreči kot zaradi bolezni srca ali raka, medtem ko četrtino vseh smrti na cesti predstavljajo osebe iz starostne skupine od 15 do 24 let.
The truth is that if you are under 50 you are more likely to die in a road accident than you are of heart disease or cancer - whilst those in the 15 to 24 age group account for a quarter of these deaths.
Čeprav se človeškega trpljenja, ki ga ti krvavi prizori povzročajo ne da ovrednotiti, je bilo, iz popolnoma ekonomskega vidika, ocenjeno na 2% bruto domačega proizvoda Evropske unije.
If the human suffering this carnage creates is incalculable, in purely economic terms it has been estimated at 2% of the Gross Domestic Product of the European Union.
O usodnih prometnih nesrečah redko poročajo v državnih poročilih, če ni prisotnih več smrtnih žrtev, kot na primer v avtobusnih nesrečah, ali, če ni vpletenih več otrok.
Fatal road accidents rarely make the national news unless there are multiple fatalities such as a coach crash, or if several children are involved.
Zakaj toliko ljudi umre na cestah?
Why are so many people dying on the roads?
Poglavitnih dejavnikov je pet:
There are four main factors:
Prekomerna hitrost - ta je odgovorna za približno tretjino nesreč.
Excessive speed - this accounts for about a third of accidents.
Uživanje alkohola ali drog - samo vožnja pod vplivom alkohola je vzrok za 10.000 nesreč letno.
Alcohol or drug consumption - drink driving alone accounts for 10,000 deaths a year.
Neuporaba varnostnega pasu ali zaščitne čelade.
Failure to wear a seat belt or a crash helmet.
Različne stopnje varnosti, ki jih nudijo različna vozila - če bi bila vsa vozila tako varna kot so najboljša v njihovem razredu, bi lahko preprečili polovico poškodb, ki povzročajo invalidnost.
Different levels of safety offered by different vehicles - if all vehicles were as safe as the best in their class then half of disabling injuries could be avoided.
Ni treba biti Sigmund Freud, da lahko iz teh podatkov sklepamo, da je za krvave prizore odgovorno človeško vedenje - slaba in neodgovorna vožnja.
Given this, you don't have to be Sigmund Freud to work out that it is human behaviour - bad and irresponsible driving - that is leading to the carnage.
Grobo rečeno, če bi vsi pravilno upoštevali cestna navodila, bi bila Evropa veliko varnejša.
To put it bluntly, if we all followed the rules of the road correctly Europe would be a much safer place.
Naj omenimo samo eno področje: študija, izvedena na Švedskem leta 2000, je pokazala, da bi popolno upoštevanje hitrostnih omejitev zmanjšalo število smrtnih žrtev za 40%.
To cite just one area, a study carried out in Sweden in 2000 concluded that full compliance with the speed limit would reduce fatalities by 40%.
Vlada EU in državne vlade skupaj iščejo načine za zmanjšanje smrtnega davka med razbitinami.
Amid the wreckage, the EU and national governments are cooperating on ways of reducing the death toll.
Njihov cilj je razpoloviti število smrtnih žrtev do leta 2010.
The target they have set themselves is to halve the number of fatalities by 2010.
Cilj je osnovan na evropskem " akcijskem programu za varnost cestnega prometa" , ki ga je pripravila Evropska komisija leta 2003.
The basis for this is the proposal for a European " Road Safety Action Programme" made by the European Commission in 2003.
Predlog vsebuje 60 ukrepov, izvedljivih na ravni EU in na državni ravni.
This proposal identifies 60 measures that can be implemented at EU and national level.
Na osnovi omenjenih priporočil so evropski prometni ministri decembra prejšnje leto soglasno odločili, da štiri poglavitna področja zahtevajo takojšnje ukrepe:
Acting on these recommendations, European transport Ministers agreed last December that four main areas required immediate action; they are:
Poiskati načine, da bi z davčnimi olajšavami spodbudili ljudi, da bi vozili novejše in varnejše avtomobile.
Consider way of encouraging people to drive newer, safer cars through possible tax incentives.
Izboljšati cestno infrastrukturo - s posebno pozornostjo posvečeno zmanjšanju števila "črnih točk" za nesreče.
To improve road infrastructure - with particular attention in reducing accident "black spots".
Zbiranje in širjenje znanja in zamisli o načinih za izboljšanje cestne varnosti.
To collect and share knowledge and ideas on ways of improving road safety.
To nalogo bi lahko izvedla predlagana Evropska agencija za cestno varnost, ki jo načeloma podpira mož, ki usmerja priporočila skozi Evropski parlament - poslanec Ari Vatanen, svetovni prvak v reliju leta 1981.
This last task could be carried out by a proposed new European Road Safety Agency which is in principle favoured by the man steering the recommendations through the European Parliament - Ari Vatanen MEP, the 1981 World Rally Champion.
"Politiki morajo prevzeti odgovornost, nobena smrt na cesti ni sprejemljiva", je povedal finski parlamentarec.
"Politicians must take responsibility, no single death on the road is acceptable" commented the Finnish parliamentarian.
Verjame, da bo Parlament v celoti sprejel resolucijo in potrdil načrt cestne varnosti, ko bo konec septembra glasoval na to temo.
He believes that the Parliament will pass a resolution wholeheartedly endorsing the Road Safety Plan when it votes on the matter in late September.
Nenazadnje pa morava jaz in ti kot uporabnika cest prevzeti odgovornost za varnost na evropskih cestah.
Ultimately though, it's you and me as road users who must take responsibility for safety on Europe's roads.
(1) Podatki o številu smrtnih žrtev, ki jih je zbral EUROSTAT za leto 2003.
(1) Number of road deaths recorded by EUROSTAT for 2003.
Podatki za Italijo, Belgijo in Slovenijo niso razpoložljivi
Figures for Italy, Belgium and Slovenia unavailable
20050819STO01003 Mednarodna avtomobilska zveza (v angleščini) Dokumenti, ki opisujejo Evropski akcijski program za varnost cestnega prometa (v angleščini) Spletna stran Evropske komisije: Cestni promet (v angleščini) Spletna stran s podrobnimi podatki o testih trkov za nove avtomobile (v angleščini) Spletna stran za podporo in praktične nasvete žrtvam prometnih nesreč
20050819STO01003 International Automobile Federation Documents describing the European Road Safety Action Programme European Commission Webpage; Road Transport Website giving details of crash tests on new cars Website offering support and practical advice for victims of road traffic accidents
Javno zdravje
Public health
Vaš otrok ima angino in vi ga želite zdraviti?
Your child has a sore throat and you want to treat it?
Z nožem tableto, skoraj zagotovo dozirano za odraslo osebo, prerežete na dva ali štiri koščke.
Cut the pill in half or in quarters with the knife, as it’s almost bound to be an adult dose.
V Evropi je namreč manj kot polovica zdravil, predpisanih otrokom, njim tudi v resnici namenjena.
Indeed, in Europe, less than half the medicines given to children are intended for them.
Vendar pa lahko uredba o pediatričnih zdravilih, o kateri bo odločal Evropski parlament, spremeni situacijo.
A regulation on paediatric medicines, currently awaiting a decision by the European Parliament, may change this situation.
Imate otroka, ki nikoli ne zboli?
A child who never falls ill?
O tem lahko le sanjate.
You must be joking!
Vsi starši se morajo naučiti ravnati s tabletami in pilulami, praški za različne napitke in že pripravljenimi sirupi, kapljicami in mazili.
All parents must learn how to handle tablets and capsules, soluble powders and ready-made syrups, suppositories, drops and ointments.
Večina teh izdelkov je namenjena odraslim.
Most of these products are intended for adults.
Kako naj jih torej doziramo pri zdravljenju otroka?
What dose is appropriate for a child?
Samo nekatera zdravila, ki so v prodaji, so opremljena s pripomočki za merjenje, prilagojenimi otrokom.
Few medicines are sold with measuring devices suitable for children.
Zato se moramo, glede na starost otroka in vrsto zdravila, opremiti z množico pripomočkov: velikimi in malimi žlicami, označenimi z dozami ali ne, brizgalkami in pipetami z merami za kilogram ali mililitre, s stekleničkami na cucelj, v katerih raztopimo vsebino pilule.
Depending on the child’s age and the type of medicine, a whole arsenal is needed: small and large spoons, with and without dispensers, syringes and pipettes calibrated in kilograms and millilitres, bottles for dissolving the contents of a capsule, etc.
Otrok ni le manjši odrasli
Children are not small adults
Življenje staršev, ki so pogosto prisiljeni v stilu čarovnikovega vajenca nadomestiti farmacevta, ni preprosto.
Life is not easy for parents who, like the sorcerer’s apprentice, frequently have to stand in for the pharmacist.
A glavni problem je drugje.
But this is not the main problem.
Organizem otroka ni takšen kot organizem odraslega človeka, njegov metabolizem je drugačen.
A child’s body is not the same as that of an adult; it has a different metabolism.
Ni dovolj, da odmerek zdravila prilagodimo teži bolnika.
It is not enough to change the dose of a medicine according to the patient’s weight.
Še vedno obstaja tveganje, da bo le-ta prevelik ali premajhen.
There is a risk of overdosing or underdosing.
Delovanje zdravila pri odraslem človeku tudi ni vedno enako kot pri otroku.
Medicines do not necessarily act in the same way in adults as in children.
Otroci odraščajo in njihova velikost in teža rasteta, delovanje njihovih organov in psihe se razvija.
As children grow, they develop in terms not only of their weight and height but also of the functioning of their organs and minds.
Nedonošenčki ali donošenčki (od 0 do 27 dni starosti), dojenčki in majhni otroci (od 28 dni do 23 mesecev), otroci (od 2 do 11 let), najstniki (od 12 do 16/18 let) - v vsakem od teh obdobij se organizem odziva drugače.
Pre-term new-born infants, term new-born infants (0 to 27 days), infants and toddlers (28 days to 23 months), children (2 to 11 years) and adolescents (12 to 16/18 years) – at all these stages the organism responds differently.
Torej je več ali manj očitno, da otroci potrebujejo posebej njim namenjena zdravila.
It therefore seems obvious that children need to have medicines developed specially for them.
Zakaj ne bi upoštevali očitnega dejstva?
Why not accept the obvious?
Sto milijonov oseb, t.j. petina prebivalstva Evropske unije 25 držav, je mlajših od 16 let.
A hundred million individuals, or one fifth of the population of the 25 EU Member States, are under 16.
Zakaj jim torej zdravniki in farmacevti predpisujejo in izdajajo zdravila, ki niso namenjena posebej njim?
So why do doctors and pharmacists prescribe and supply medicines that have not been developed specifically for them?
Ne gre za to, da bi bili nekompetentni, ampak za to, da ta zdravila največkrat ne obstajajo.
It’s not a case of incompetence; most often it’s because these medicines do not exist.
Vzrokov za to pa je več.
There are many reasons for this.
Prvi je ta, da je potrebno veliko zdravil, ki so jih razvili za odrasle, preden se jih predpiše malim pacientom, ustrezno prilagoditi.
Firstly, many medicines developed for adults need to be adapted before they can be given to younger patients.
Ne pride v poštev, da bi otroci, mlajši od šest let, za katere so primerne le najmanjše količine zdravil v tekočem ali trdnem stanju, požirali velike kapsule ali tablete.
Children under the age of six cannot be given large capsules or tablets; medicines must be administered in liquid or smaller solid forms.
Drugi vzrok pa je v tem, da je treba substance, zasnovane v laboratorijih, pred prodajo v lekarnah testirati.
Then, before they can be sold in pharmacies, substances developed in the laboratory have to be tested.
To je določeno z zakonom.
This is required by law prior to marketing.
No, in če se ugotovi, da njihova uporaba pri otrocih izkazuje neko specifičnost, bi bilo potrebno opraviti dodatna testiranja, ki bi to specifičnost upoštevala.
However, once they are recognised as being specifically for treating children, additional tests are needed to take account of this.
Ko gre za dodatna testiranja, pa to pomeni zvišanje stroškov izdaje zdravila na trg.
And extra testing means extra costs when placing the product on the market.
In nenazadnje, neko substanco bi bilo težko testirati na organizmu otrok, ne da bi otroci pri tem sodelovali.
Finally, it would be difficult to test the influence of a substance on the child’s organism without involving children in the testing.
Poleg vsega že omenjenega klinični poskusi na otrocih sprožajo tudi etične dileme.
But, of course, clinical tests on children raise ethical dilemmas.
Vseh teh dvomov ne smemo pustiti brez odgovora.
The doubts cannot be left unanswered.
Zdravje, se pravi zdravje otrok, je prioriteta samo po sebi.
Health, especially that of children, is a priority in its own right.
Toda ko opozarjamo na stroške, ne smemo zgubiti z vida breme, ki ga za zdravstvene proračune predstavlja otrokom neprilagojeno zdravljenje.
When discussing costs, however, we must not lose sight of the burden of ill-suited therapies on health budgets.
Ali je pošteno oceniti, ko gre za etična vprašanja, da je predpisovanje zdravil za odrasle otrokom bolj etično kot poskusi, opravljeni pod nadzorom in podprti z zakonsko uredbo?
And as for the ethical questions, can we seriously argue that prescribing adult medicines to children is more ethical than controlled tests covered by appropriate regulations?
Za nekatere je ta tip predpisovanja isto kot "divji" poskusi, katerih učinek na zdravje otrok ostaja neznan.
Some claim that prescriptions of this kind amount to uncontrolled experiments with an unknown impact on children’s health.
Prav tako ne smemo prikrivati situacij, v katerih se znajdejo otroci s kroničnimi boleznimi; le-ti so prisiljeni dolga leta jemati njim neprilagojena zdravila in potem do konca življenja prenašati posledice.
Finally, we should not forget children suffering from chronic diseases, condemned to take ill-suited medicines for years and to suffer the consequences for the rest of their lives.
Kako do sprememb?
A new deal
Primer Združenih držav Amerike dokazuje, da je možno najti izhod.
The example of the United States shows that it is possible to find a way out.
Eden od ameriških zakonov (Pediatric Rule) od leta 1998 obvezuje laboratorije, da vložijo prošnjo za odobritev trženja zdravila istočasno za otroke in odrasle.
Since 1998 an American law (the Pediatric Rule) has required laboratories to file a dossier to apply for authorisation to market drugs developed for children as well as for adults.
Predlog uredbe o zdravilih , uporabljenih v pediatriji, ki ga je Evropska komisija predložila Parlamentu in Svetu, gre v isto smer.
The draft Regulation on medicinal products for paediatric use, presented by the European Commission to Parliament and the Council, aims to do the same.
Predvideva ustanovitev odbora za pediatrijo, ki bo med drugim zadolžen za ocenjevanje potreb po pediatričnih zdravilih.
It establishes a Paediatric Committee responsible, among other things, for assessing needs for medicines for children.
Evropska agencija za ocenjevanje zdravil (EMEA) s sedežem v Londonu bo svojim sedanjim kompetencam dodala še klinične poskuse pri otrocih, z namenom preprečiti, zahvaljujoč bazi podatkov o že opravljenih študijah, da bi se ti testi po nepotrebnem ponavljali.
In addition to its present responsibilities, the European Medicines Agency (EMEA), located in London, will look at clinical testing in children, using a database of studies already carried out, mainly to avoid such testing being repeated unnecessarily.
Poslanci Odbora za okolje in zdravje so z veliko večino podprli ta predlog, potem ko so v mesecu juliju glasovali o poročilu Françoise Grossetête (PPE-DE, FR).
The members of the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety showed broad support for this draft during a vote on the report by Françoise Grossetête (EPP-ED, FR) last July.
Meni namreč, da razvoj in raziskave na področju farmacije v Evropi zahtevajo usklajeno delovanje držav članic, kajti ena sama država nima za to potrebnih zmogljivosti.
She believes that pharmaceutical research and development in Europe requires coordinated action by Member States, since no single country has the necessary capability.
20050819STO01005 Uradni sedež Evropske komisije za zdravila (EMEA) v Londonu (v angleščini)
20050819STO01005 Official site of the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products (EMEA), London
Mandat poslancu začne in preneha v skladu z Aktom z dne 20. septembra 1976.
A Member's term of office shall begin and end as laid down in the Act of 20 September 1976.
Preneha tudi v primeru smrti ali odstopa.
It shall also end on death or resignation.
Poslanec opravlja svojo funkcijo do začetka prve seje Parlamenta po volitvah.
Every Member shall remain in office until the opening of the first sitting of Parliament following the elections.
Poslanec v odstopu obvesti predsednika o svojem odstopu in dnevu začetka veljavnosti odstopa, ki pa ne sme biti kasneje kot tri mesece po obvestilu.
A Member who resigns shall notify the President of his resignation and of the date on which that resignation shall take effect, which shall be not more than three months after notification.
Obvestilo se sestavi v obliki uradnega zapisnika v navzočnosti generalnega sekretarja ali njegovega predstavnika, ki ga skupaj s poslancem podpiše in nemudoma posreduje pristojnemu odboru, ta pa ga uvrsti na dnevni red svoje prve seje po prejemu dokumenta.
This notification shall take the form of an official record drawn up in the presence of the Secretary-General or his representative, signed by the latter and by the Member concerned and immediately submitted to the committee responsible, which shall enter it on the agenda of its first meeting following receipt of the document.
Če pristojni odbor meni, da odstop ni v skladu s črko in duhom Akta z dne 20. septembra 1976, o tem obvesti Parlament, da slednji lahko odloči, ali naj potrdi sprostitev sedeža.
If the committee responsible considers that the resignation is not in accordance with the spirit or the letter of the Act of 20 September 1976 it shall inform Parliament to this effect so that Parliament can decide whether or not to establish the vacancy.
V nasprotnem primeru se potrdi sprostitev sedeža, ki velja od dneva, ki ga je poslanec v odstopu navedel v uradnem zapisniku.
Otherwise, the vacancy shall be established with effect from the date indicated by the resigning Member in the official record.
Parlament o tem ne glasuje.
There shall be no vote in Parliament on the subject.
Za nekatere izjemne primere je bil uveden poenostavljeni postopek, predvsem kadar eno ali več delnih zasedanj poteka med dnevom začetka veljavnosti odstopa in prvo sejo pristojnega odbora in kadar zato, ker sprostitev sedeža ni bila potrjena, politična skupina, ki ji poslanec v odstopu pripada, na teh delnih zasedanjih ne more najti nadomestnega poslanca.
A simplified procedure has been introduced for certain exceptional circumstances, in particular where one or more part-sessions are held between the effective date of the resignation and the first meeting of the committee responsible and where, as the vacancy has not been established, the political group to which the resigning Member belongs is not able to obtain a replacement Member during those part-sessions.
Po tem postopku ima poročevalec pristojnega odbora, ki so mu omenjeni primeri zaupani, pooblastilo, da nemudoma preuči vsak pravilno sporočen odstop in zadevo v primeru, ko bi bila zamuda v obravnavi obvestila škodljiva, preda predsedniku odbora s prošnjo, da v skladu z odstavkom 3:
Under this procedure, the rapporteur of the committee responsible entrusted with these cases has the power to examine immediately any resignation duly notified and, where any delay in considering the notification would be prejudicial, to refer the matter to the committee chairman asking him, pursuant to paragraph 3:
bodisi v imenu odbora obvesti predsednika Parlamenta, da se lahko potrdi sprostitev sedeža;
either to inform the President on behalf of the committee that the vacancy may be established;
bodisi skliče izredno sejo odbora, da se preučijo vse posebne težave, ki jih je zabeležil poročevalec.
or to convene an extraordinary meeting of the committee to examine any specific difficulties noted by the rapporteur.
Neskladnosti, ki izhajajo iz nacionalne zakonodaje, se sporočijo Parlamentu, ki jih vzame na znanje.
Incompatibilities resulting from national legislation shall be notified to Parliament, which shall take note thereof.
Kadar pristojni organi držav članic ali Unije ali zadevni poslanec obvesti predsednika o imenovanju na funkcijo, ki ni združljiva s funkcijo poslanca Evropskega parlamenta, predsednik obvesti Parlament, ta pa potrdi sprostitev sedeža.
Where the competent authorities of the Member States or of the Union or the Member concerned notify the President of an appointment to an office incompatible with the office of Member of the European Parliament, the President shall inform Parliament, which shall establish that there is a vacancy.
Organi držav članic ali Unije predsednika obvestijo o vseh nalogah, ki jih nameravajo dodeliti poslancu.
The authorities of the Member States or of the Union shall inform the President of any assignment they intend to confer on a Member.
Predsednik vprašanje združljivosti predlagane naloge s črko in duhom Akta z dne 20. septembra 1976 naslovi na pristojni odbor.
The President shall refer to the committee responsible the question of the compatibility of the proposed assignment with the letter and the spirit of the Act of 20 September 1976.
O sklepih tega odbora obvesti Parlament, poslanca in pristojne organe.
He shall inform Parliament, the Member and the authorities concerned of the conclusions reached by that committee.
Za dan prenehanja mandata in dan začetka veljavnosti sprostitve sedeža se šteje:
The following shall be considered as the date of the end of the term of office and the effective date of a vacancy:
v primeru odstopa: dan, ko Parlament potrdi sprostitev sedeža v skladu z obvestilom o odstopu;
in the event of resignation: the date on which the vacancy is established by Parliament, in accordance with the notification of resignation;
v primeru imenovanja na funkcijo, ki ni združljiva s funkcijo poslanca Evropskega parlamenta glede na nacionalni zakon o volitvah ali glede na člen 7 Akta z dne 20. septembra 1976: dan, ki so ga sporočili pristojni organi držav članic ali Unije ali zadevni poslanec.
in the event of appointment to an office incompatible with the office of a Member of the European Parliament, either in respect of national electoral law, or in respect of Article 7 of the Act of 20 September 1976: the date notified by the competent authorities of the Member States or of the Union or by the Member concerned.