natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Taking Kaletra with food and drink
- izpuščaji, akne;
Kaletra tablets can be taken with or without food.
- ščemenje, zbadanje ali otrplost kože.
Pregnancy and breast-feeding
Dodatne informacije o občutku siljenja na bruhanje, bruhanju ali bolečinah v trebuhu Če doživite slabost v želodcu, bruhanje ali bolečine v trebuhu, povejte svojemu zdravniku, saj lahko nakazujejo na pankreatitis.
− Tell you doctor immediately if you are pregnant, think you may be pregnant or if you are breast-feeding. − Pregnant or breast-feeding mothers should not take Kaletra unless specifically directed by the doctor. − It is recommended that HIV-infected women do not breast-feed their infants because there is a possibility that the baby can be infected with HIV through your breast milk.
Vzrok in dolgotrajne zdravstvene posledice teh sprememb trenutno niso znane.
Driving or using machines
Občasni neželeni učinki (pojavijo se pri 1 do 10 od 1000 bolnikov):
Kaletra has not specifically been tested for its possible effects on the ability to drive a car or operate machines.
- zmanjšano število rdečih krvnih celic, zmanjšano število belih krvnih celic, zvečanje bezgavk;
Do not drive a car or operate machinery if you experience any side effects (e.g. nausea) that impact your ability to do so safety.
- šumenje v enem ali obeh ušesih, kot je brnenje, zvenenje, piskanje;
Instead, contact your doctor.
- nenormalen vid, očesne bolezni;
HOW TO TAKE KALETRA
- občutki hitrega, neenakomernega ali močnega utripanja srca, srčni infarkt, otekanje in/ ali nabiranje
How should Kaletra be taken?
tekočine v pljučih;
It is important that Kaletra tablets are swallowed whole and not chewed, broken or crushed.
- zvečanje trebuha, zaprtje, suha usta, težave pri požiranju, vnetje tankega in debelega črevesa,
− Kaletra tablets can be taken with or without food. − Always take Kaletra exactly as your doctor has told you. − You should check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure how you should take your medicine.
spahovanje, vnetje požiralnika, nezmožnost kontroliranja izločanja blata, vnetje želodca in črevesja, krvava driska, razjede v ustih, vnetje trebušne slinavke, vnetje žleze slinavke, vnetje v ustih, vnetje dlesni;
How much Kaletra should be taken and when?
- bolečine v prsih, bolečine v prsih pod prsnico, mrzlica, zvišana telesna temperatura, simptomi,
− The usual adult dose is 400 mg/100 mg twice a day i.e. every 12 hours, in combination with other anti-HIV medicines.
podobni gripi, splošno slabo počutje, nabiranje tekočine v nogah ali okoli gležnjev, medsebojno delovanje z drugimi zdravili;
Your doctor will advise on the number of tablets to be taken. − For children, your doctor will decide the right dose (number of tablets) based on the child’s height and weight. − Kaletra is also supplied as an oral solution for patients who cannot take tablets and as 200 mg/50 mg film-coated tablets.
- zmanjšano delovanje testisov, Cushingov sindrom (stanje, ki ga povzroči visok nivo kortizola v
Can I stop taking Kaletra or change my dose?
krvi), zmanjšano delovanje ščitnice;
When you travel or need to stay in the hospital make sure you will have enough Kaletra to last until you can get a new supply. − Continue to take this medicine until your doctor tells you otherwise.
- vnetje srednjega ušesa, vnetje bronhijev, vnetje sinusov, turavost, bakterijska okužba, virusna
If you take more Kaletra than you should
okužba;
− If you realise you have taken more Kaletra than you were supposed to, contact you doctor right away. − If you cannot contact your doctor, go to the hospital.
- zmanjšana toleranca na glukozo, zvečanje telesne mase, hujšanje, zvišan bilirubin (žolčno
If you forget to take Kaletra
barvilo), spremenjen hormonski nivo, nenormalen laboratorijski test;
− If you miss a dose, take the missed dose as soon as possible, and then continue with your normal dose on the regular schedule as prescribed by your doctor. − Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten dose.
- ledvični kamni, nenormalnost urina, albumini v urinu, povečano izločanje kalcija z urinom,
POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS
presežek sečne kisline v krvi;
Like all medicines, Kaletra can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.
- vnetje žolčnika, vnetje jeter, povečanje jeter, nalaganje maščobe v jetrih, občutljivost jeter;
It may be difficult to tell which side effects have been caused by Kaletra and which may occur due to other medicines you take at the same time or by the complications of the HIV infection.
- pomanjkanje enega ali več esencialnih vitaminov, dehidracija, zbiranje tekočine v celicah ali
You should tell your doctor promptly about these or any other symptoms.
tkivih, zvečan apetit, presežek mlečne kisline v krvi, debelost, neješčnost, diabetes mellitus, zvišan nivo glukoze v krvi, znižan nivo holesterola v krvi;
If the condition persists or worsens, seek medical attention.
- bolečine v sklepih, vnetje sklepov, bolečine v mišicah, bolečine v hrbtu, sklepna bolezen;
148 VERY COMMON side effects (affects more than 1 user in 10): − Diarrhoea; − Increased cholesterol; − Increased GGT (a type of liver enzyme); − Increased triglycerides (a form of fat).
- omotica, izguba ali motnje spomina, motena usklajenost mišičnih gibov, degenerativna možganska
Further information about increased cholesterol and triglycerides − The long-term risks for complications such as heart attacks or stroke due to increased triglycerides and cholesterol are not known at this time. − Your doctor will monitor you and may prescribe other medicines if needed. − Large increases in the amount of triglycerides (fats in the blood) have been considered a risk factor for pancreatitis.
bolezen, paraliza obraza, zvišana napetost mišic, bolezen ali nenormalnost živčnega sistema, poškodbe perifernih živcev, zaspanost, tremor, motnje okusa, migrena, nenormalno nehoteno gibanje;
COMMON side effects (affects 1 to 10 users in 100): − Abnormal liver function tests; − Changes in body shape due to changes in fat distribution; − Headache; − Increased glucose, increased amylase (a digestive enzyme), increased liver enzymes; − Difficulty in sleeping; − Lack of strength and energy; − Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, abnormal stools, indigestion, wind, problems with your digestive system; − Pain; − Rash, acne; − Tingling, prickling or numbness of the skin.
- nenormalne sanje, huda tesnoba, anksioznost, zmedenost, depresija, motena sposobnost
Further information about nausea, vomiting or abdominal pain Tell your doctor if you experience nausea, vomiting or abdominal pain as these may be suggestive of pancreatitis.
kontroliranja gibanja, čustvena labilnost, zmanjšan libido, živčnost, nenormalno mišljenje;
Changes in body shape due to changes in fat distribution Combination antiretroviral therapy may cause changes in body shape due to changes in fat distribution.
- nenormalna ejakulacija, zvečanje prsi, razvoj dojk pri moških, impotenca, nenormalno močna ali
These may include loss of fat from legs, arms and face, increased fat in the abdomen (belly) and other internal organs, breast enlargement and fatty lumps on the back of the neck (‘buffalo hump’).
- oteženo dihanje z občutkom napora dihalnih mišic, vzdraženost in vnetje nosne sluznice, povečan
The cause and long-term health effects of these conditions are not known at this time.
- plešavost, suha koža, ekcem, vnetje kože z luščenjem tkiva, ploščat rdeč izpuščaj z aknami ali
Tell your doctor if you notice any changes in your body shape due to changes in fat distribution.
pegami, nepravilnosti nohtov, srbenje, lojavost, sprememba barve kože, razjeda na koži, otekanje obraza, znojenje, kožne strije;
UNCOMMON side effects (affects 1 to 10 users in 1,000):
- benigni tumor kože, cista;
- Low number of red blood cells, low number of white blood cells, enlargement of the lymph
- visok krvni tlak, vnetje venske stene zaradi krvnega strdka, vnetje krvnih žil, varikozne vene,
nodes; − A sound in one ear or both ears, such as buzzing, ringing or whistling; − Abnormal vision, eye disorder; − Feeling the heart racing, ‘skipping a beat’ or pounding, heart attack, swelling and/or fluid accumulation in the lungs; − Enlarged abdomen, constipation, dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, inflammation of the small and large intestine, burping, inflammation of the food pipe, inability to control your bowels, inflammation of the stomach and intestine, bloody diarrhoea, mouth ulcerations, inflammation of the pancreas; inflammation of a salivary gland, inflammation in the mouth, mouth ulcer, inflammation of the gums; − Chest pain, chest pain beneath the sternum, chills, fever, flu-like symptoms, vague feeling of bodily discomfort, accumulation of fluid in your legs or around your ankles, interactions with other medicines; − Lack of functioning of the testes, Cushing syndrome (a condition caused by high levels of cortisol in the blood), under-active thyroid gland; − Inflammation of the middle ear, inflammation of the bronchi, inflammation of the sinuses, recurring boils, bacterial infection, viral infection; 149 − Decreased glucose tolerance, weight gain, weight loss, increased bilirubin (a bile pigment), hormone level altered, lab test abnormal; − Kidney stones, urine abnormality, albumin in the urine, high levels of calcium in the urine, excess uric acid in the blood; − Inflammation of the gall bladder, inflammation of the liver, enlarged liver, fatty deposits in the liver, liver tenderness; − Deficiency of one or more essential vitamins, dehydration, accumulation of fluid in the cells or tissues, increased appetite, excess lactic acid in the blood, obesity, anorexia, diabetes mellitus, high glucose in the blood, low cholesterol in the blood; − Painful joints, inflammation in the joints, muscle pain, back pain, joint disorder; − Dizziness, loss or impairment of memory, loss in the ability to co-ordinate muscular movement, degenerative brain disease, loss of power of voluntary movement in the facial muscles, increased muscle tension, disease or abnormality of the nervous system, damage to nerves of the peripheral nervous system, sleepiness, tremor, altered sense of taste, migraine, abnormal involuntary movements; − Abnormal dreams, agitation, anxiety, confusion, depression, impairment in the ability to control movements, emotional instability, decreased sexual desire, nervousness, abnormal thinking; − Abnormal ejaculation, breast enlargement, enlargement of male breasts, impotence, abnormally heavy or extended menstrual flow; − Shortness of breath, irritation and inflammation of the nose, increased cough; − Hair loss, dry skin, eczema, scaling of the skin, flat red rash with pimples or spots, nail disorder, itching, accumulation of scales of greasy skin, skin discoloration, skin ulcer, facial swelling, sweating, stretch marks; − Benign skin tumour, cyst; − High blood pressure, vein inflammation related to a blood clot, inflammation of the blood vessels, varicose vein, deep vein inflammation related to a blood clot, vascular disorder.
globoka venska tromboza zaradi krvnega strdka, žilna motnja.
HOW TO STORE KALETRA
SHRANJEVANJE ZDRAVILA KALETRA
− Keep out of the reach and sight of children. − Do not use Kaletra after the expiry date which is stated on the pack. − This medicinal product does not require any special storage conditions.
- Zdravila Kaletra ne smete uporabljati po datumu izteka roka uporabnosti, ki je naveden na
− Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste. − Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medicines not longer required.
- Zdravila ne smete odvreči v odpadne vode ali med gospodinjske odpadke.
These measures will help protect the environment.
Takšni
Each tablet of Kaletra contains 100 mg of lopinavir and 25 mg of ritonavir
Ena tableta Kaletre vsebuje 100 mg lopinavirja in 25 mg ritonavirja.
The other ingredients are:
154 Pomožne snovi so:
Tablet Colloidal anhydrous silica, copovidone, sodium stearyl fumarate, sorbitan laurate.
Tableta Koloidni brezvodni silicijev dioksid, kopovidon, natrijev stearilfumarat, sorbitan lavrat.
Tablet coating Polyvinyl alcohol, talc, titanium dioxide, macrogols type 3350, yellow ferric oxide E172.
Filmska obloga Polivinilalkohol, smukec, titanov dioksid, makrogol 3350, rumeni železov oksid E172.
− Kaletra film-coated tablets come in a plastic bottle containing 60 tablets. − The tablets are pale yellow debossed with [Abbott logo] and “KC”. − One bottle of 60 tablets is provided in one package.
- Filmsko obložene tablete Kaletra so pakirane v plastenki, ki vsebuje 60 tablet.
Marketing Authorisation Holder
- V škatli je pakirana 1 plastenka s 60 tabletami.
Deutschland Abbott GmbH & Co.
155 Deutschland Abbott GmbH & Co.
Perfektastrasse 86 A-1230 Wien Tel: + 43 1 891-22
Perfektastrasse 84A A- 1230 Wien Tel: + 43 1 891- 22
Κύπρος Lifepharma (Z.A.M.) Ltd Aγ.
156 Κύπρος Lifepharma (Z. A. M.) Ltd Aγ.
Karvea is used in patients who have essential hypertension (high blood pressure). ‘ Essential ’ means that the high blood pressure is not caused by any other condition.
„ Esencialna “ pomeni, da visok krvni tlak ni posledica nobenega drugega bolezenskega stanja.
Karvea is also used to treat renal (kidney) disease in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes (non-insulin-dependent diabetes).
Zdravilo Karvea se uporablja tudi za zdravljenje renalne (ledvične) bolezni pri bolnikih s hipertenzijo in sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2 (sladkorno boleznijo, ki je neodvisna od insulina).
Karvea is not recommended for use in patients below 18 years of age.
Uporaba zdravila Karvea pri bolnikih, mlajših od 18 let, ni priporočena.
Karvea is taken by mouth, with or without food.
Zdravilo Karvea se zaužije peroralno, s hrano ali brez nje.
In patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes, Karvea is added to other treatments for hypertension.
Pri bolnikih z visokim krvnim tlakom in s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2 se zdravilo Karvea uvede poleg drugih načinov zdravljenja hipertenzije.
The active substance in Karvea, irbesartan, is an ‘ angiotensin II receptor antagonist’, which means that it blocks the action of a hormone in the body called angiotensin II.
Zdravilna učinkovina v zdravilu Karvea, irbesartan, je „ antagonist receptorjev angiotenzina II “, kar pomeni, da v telesu preprečuje delovanje hormona, imenovanega angiotenzin II.
Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. enalapril or amlodipine) in 823 patients.
Kako je bilo zdravilo Karvea raziskano?
Its use in combination with hydrochlorothiazide was also examined in 1,736 patients).
Zdravilo Karvea so primerjali s placebom (zdravilom brez zdravilne učinkovine) pri 712 bolnikih in drugimi zdravili za zdravljenje visokega krvnega tlaka (atenolol, enalapril, amlodipin) pri 823 bolnikih.
The main measure of effectiveness was the reduction in diastolic blood pressure (the blood pressure measured between two heartbeats).
Glavno merilo učinkovitosti je bilo znižanje „ diastoličnega “ krvnega tlaka (krvnega tlaka, merjenega med dvema utripoma srca).
For the treatment of kidney disease, Karvea was studied in two large studies involving a total of 2,326 patients with type 2 diabetes.
Zdravilo Karvea so glede zdravljenja ledvične bolezni preučevali v okviru dveh velikih študij, ki sta vključevali skupno 2326 bolnikov s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2.
Karvea was used for two years or more.
Zdravilo Karvea so bolniki jemali dve leti ali več.
The second study looked at whether Karvea increased the time taken until the patients ’ blood creatinine levels had doubled (a marker of kidney disease), until they needed a kidney transplant or dialysis, or until they died.
Druga študija je preučevala, ali zdravilo Karvea podaljša čas, v katerem se raven kreatinina v krvi (markerja ledvične bolezni) pri bolnikih podvoji, ali čas do pojava potrebe po presaditvi ledvic ali dializi oziroma do nastopa smrti.
In the blood pressure studies, Karvea was more effective than placebo at reducing diastolic blood pressure and had similar effects to the other medicines for hypertension.
V študijah krvnega tlaka je bilo zdravilo Karvea pri zniževanju diastoličnega krvnega tlaka učinkovitejše od placeba in je imelo podobne učinke kot druga zdravila za zdravljenje povišanega krvnega tlaka.
In the first kidney disease study, Karvea was more effective than placebo at reducing the risk of developing kidney damage as measured by protein excretion.
V prvi študiji ledvične bolezni je bilo zdravilo Karvea učinkovitejše od placeba pri zmanjševanju tveganja za razvoj poškodbe ledvic, merjene na podlagi izločanja beljakovin.
In the second kidney disease study, Karvea reduced the relative risk of a doubling of blood creatinine levels, needing a kidney transplant, or death during the study by 20% in comparison with placebo.
V drugi študiji ledvične bolezni je zdravilo Karvea v primerjavi s placebom za 20% zmanjšalo relativno tveganje za podvojitev ravni kreatinina v krvi, za pojav potrebe po presaditvi ledvic ali za nastop smrti med študijo.
The most common side effects with Karvea (seen in between 1 and 10 patients in 100) are dizziness, nausea (feeling sick) or vomiting, fatigue (tiredness) and increases in blood creatine kinase (an enzyme found in muscles).
Najpogostejši neželeni učinki zdravila Karvea (opaženi pri 1 do 10 bolnikih izmed 100) so omotica, navzeja (občutek slabosti) ali bruhanje, utrujenost in povečane ravni kreatin kinaze v krvi (encima, ki ga najdemo v mišicah).
Karvea should not be used in people who may be hypersensitive (allergic) to irbesartan or any of the other ingredients.
Zdravila Karvea ne smejo uporabljati osebe, ki utegnejo biti preobčutljive za (alergične na) irbesartan ali katero koli drugo sestavino zdravila.
The Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) decided that Karvea’ s benefits are greater than its risks for the treatment of essential hypertension and of renal disease in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Odbor za zdravila za uporabo v humani medicini (CHMP) je zaključil, da so koristi zdravila Karvea pri zdravljenju esencialne hipertenzije in ledvične bolezni pri bolnikih z visokim krvnim tlakom in sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2 večje od z njim povezanih tveganj.
The Committee recommended that Karvea be given marketing authorisation.
Odbor je priporočil, da se za zdravilo Karvea odobri dovoljenje za promet.
Other information about Karvea:
Druge informacije o zdravilu Karvea:
The European Commission granted a marketing authorisation valid throughout the European Union for Karvea to Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma EEIG on 27 August 1997.
Evropska komisija je dovoljenje za promet z zdravilom Karvea, veljavno po vsej Evropski uniji, odobrila družbi Bristol- Myers Squibb Pharma EEIG dne 27. avgusta 1997.
The full EPAR for Karvea is available here.
Celotno evropsko javno poročilo o oceni zdravila (EPAR) za zdravilo Karvea je na voljo tukaj.
In patients insufficiently controlled with 150 mg once daily, the dose of Karvea can be increased to 300 mg, or other anti-hypertensive agents can be added.
Pri bolnikih, kjer enkratni dnevni odmerek 150 mg zdravila Karvea ne zadošča za nadzor krvnega tlaka, se lahko odmerek poveča na 300 mg ali uvede dodatni antihipertenziv.
In particular, the addition of a diuretic such as hydrochlorothiazide has been shown to have an additive effect with Karvea (see section 4.5).
In sicer, se je pri dodatni uvedbi diuretika, kot je hidroklorotiazid pokazal sinergistični učinek z zdravilom Karvea (glejte poglavje 4. 5).
The demonstration of renal benefit of Karvea in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients is based on studies where irbesartan was used in addition to other antihypertensive agents, as needed, to reach target blood pressure (see section 5.1).
Koristi zdravljenja z zdravilom Karvea za ledvice pri bolnikih z visokim krvnim tlakom z diabetesom tipa 2 so pokazale študije, kjer so irbesartan uporabljali dodatno z drugimi antihipertenzivi, potrebnimi za doseganje ciljnega krvnega tlaka (glejte poglavje 5. 1).
Hyperkalaemia: as with other medicinal products that affect the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, hyperkalaemia may occur during the treatment with Karvea, especially in the presence of renal impairment, overt proteinuria due to diabetic renal disease, and/ or heart failure.
Hiperkaliemija: kot pri drugih zdravilih, ki vplivajo na sistem renin- angiotenzin- aldosteron, se lahko tudi med zdravljenjem z zdravilom Karvea pojavi hiperkaliemija, zlasti ob prisotnosti ledvične okvare, izrazite proteinurije zaradi diabetične ledvične bolezni in/ ali odpovedi srca.
Lithium: the combination of lithium and Karvea is not recommended (see section 4.5).
Litij: sočasna uporaba zdravila Karvea in litija ni priporočljiva (glejte poglavje 4. 5).
Therefore, the use of Karvea is not recommended.
Primarni aldosteronizem: bolniki s primarnim aldosteronizmom se na splošno ne odzivajo na antihipertenzive, ki delujejo preko inhibicije sistema renin- angiotenzin, zato uporaba zdravila Karvea ni priporočljiva.
Prior treatment with high dose diuretics may result in volume depletion and a risk of hypotension when initiating therapy with Karvea (see section 4.4).
Predhodno zdravljenje z visokimi odmerki diuretikov lahko povzroči zmanjšanje volumna in tveganje za hipotenzijo ob uvedbi zdravljenja z zdravilom Karvea (glejte poglavje 4. 4).
Karvea is contraindicated (see section 4.3) during breast-feeding.
Dojenje: med dojenjem je zdravilo Karvea kontraindicirano (glejte poglavje 4. 3).
The blood pressure lowering effect of Karvea is evident within 1-2 weeks, with the maximal effect occurring by 4-6 weeks after start of therapy.
Učinek zdravila Karvea na znižanje krvnega tlaka je viden po 1- 2 tednih, največji učinek pa nastopi 4- 6 tednov po začetku zdravljenja.
Hypertension and type 2 diabetes with renal disease The “ Irbesartan Diabetic Nephropathy Trial (IDNT) ” shows that irbesartan decreases the progression of renal disease in patients with chronic renal insufficiency and overt proteinuria.
Hipertenzija in sladkorna bolezen tipa 2 z ledvično boleznijo Preskušanje irbesartana pri diabetični nefropatiji – “ Irbesartan Diabetic Nephropathy Trial "(IDNT) kaže, da irbesartan pri bolnikih s kronično ledvično insuficienco in izraženo proteinurijo zmanjša napredovanje ledvične bolezni.
In 1,715 hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes, proteinuria ≥ 900 mg/ day and serum creatinine ranging from 1.0-3.0 mg/ dl, the long-term effects (mean 2.6 years) of Karvea on the progression of renal disease and all-cause mortality were examined.
Pri 1. 715 bolnikih z visokim krvnim tlakom z diabetesom tipa 2, proteinurijo ≥900 mg/ dan in serumskim kreatininom 1, 0- 3, 0 mg/ dl, so raziskovali dolgotrajne učinke zdravila Karvea (povprečje 2, 6 let) na napredovanje ledvične bolezni in na celokupno smrtnost.
Patients were titrated from 75 mg to a maintenance dose of 300 mg Karvea, from 2.5 mg to 10 mg amlodipine, or placebo as tolerated.
Bolnikom so postopoma povečevali odmerek zdravila Karvea od 75 mg do vzdrževalnega odmerka 300 mg, odmerek amlodipina od 2, 5 do 10 mg, oziroma placeba, kot so ga prenesli.
8 The study of the “ Effects of Irbesartan on Microalbuminuria in Hypertensive Patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (IRMA 2) ” shows that irbesartan 300 mg delays progression to overt proteinuria in patients with microalbuminuria.
Preskušanje delovanja irbesartana na mikroalbuminurijo pri bolnikih z visokim krvnim tlakom z diabetesom melitusom tipa 2 (IRMA 2), je pokazalo, da pri bolnikih z mikroalbuminurijo, 300 mg irbesartana odloži napredovanje do izražene proteinurije.
The study examined the long-term effects (2 years) of Karvea on the progression to clinical (overt) proteinuria (urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) > 300 mg/ day, and an increase in UAER of at least 30% from baseline).
V raziskavi so proučevali dolgotrajne učinke (2 leti) zdravila Karvea na napredovanje v klinično proteinurijo (hitrost izločanja albuminov z urinom - “ urinary albumin excretion rate ” - UAER > 300 mg/ dan in povečanje UAER- a najmanj za 30% začetne vrednosti).