natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
7.3.2 Use of ICT and political and civil society participation 
7.3.2 Uporaba IKT ter politična in civilnodružbena participacija
In our study, political participation has been shown to be associated positively with the frequency of “using a computer” (r = 0.106; p < 0.001), and also with the frequency of internet use (r = 0.082; p < 0.01). 
Politična participacija se je v naši raziskavi izkazala za pozitivno povezano s pogostostjo »ukvarjanja z računalnikom« (r = 0,106; p < 0,001), prav tako pa tudi s pogostostjo uporabe spleta (r = 0,082; p < 0,01).
Given the findings to date, we could summarise by saying that more time is devoted to ICT by psychologically less stable youth and that in this sense of media use the internet has a certain compensational role (Ko et al., 2005). 
Glede na dosedanje izsledke bi lahko povzeli, da več časa za IKT namenijo psihološko manj stabilni mladostniki in da ima splet v tem smislu uporabe medijev določeno kompenzacijsko vlogo (Ko et al., 2005).
The majority of authors nevertheless agree that the web offers opportunities for new forms of socio-political activity (e.g. Stanley and Weare, 2004; Lin et al., 2005; Anduiza et al., 2009) and that at the same time it is a unique basis for young people to fulfil their political identity (Collin, 2008). 
Na drugi strani je s politično participacijo praviloma pozitivno povezana tudi pogostost uporabe IKT (ne pa tudi uporabe spletnih socialnih omrežij), nobena od analiziranih IKT-dejavnosti pa ni povezana s civilnodružbenim delovanjem.
For this reason it is important that in measures in the area of youth policy account is taken of the potential of ICT (especially the internet) and the access to young people that it offers. 
Večina avtorjev se vendarle strinja, da splet ponuja možnosti za nove oblike družbenopolitičnega udejstvovanja (npr.
Indeed we should remember that a large share of young people also give “work and studying” as a reason for using the internet (78 percent) along with “communication with family and friends” (77 percent, see Vromen, 2007). 
Seveda pa je še posebej spodbudno, da ima medij, ki je med mladimi najbolj priljubljen, tudi med slovensko mladino pozitiven učinek na politično delovanje mladih ne glede na to, da pomembno vlogo spleta mladi vidijo v »zabavi« (gl.
The combination of different motives for using the internet is simply an additional advantage of it. 
Chan in Fang, 2007; tudi Tufekci et al., 2008).
96 All of this of course does not mean that use of social networking websites necessarily has negative consequences (or put differently, that the frequency of use is associated with undesired phenomena). 
Ne gre namreč pozabiti, da prav tako velik delež mladih kot razlog za uporabo spleta navaja tudi »delo in študij« (78 odstotkov) ter »komuniciranje z družino in prijatelji« (77 odstotkov, gl.
7.4 Traditional media: entertainment and information and political content 
7.4 Tradicionalni mediji: zabavno-razvedrilne in informativnopolitične vsebine
In addition to the various newer forms of ICT (computer, internet) and activities (playing computer games, communicating by mobile phone and on social networking sites etc.), a study should also be made of how frequently Slovenian youth keep up with “traditional” mass media (television, radio, newspapers and magazines, see McQuail, 2005). 
Poleg različnih novejših oblik IKT (računalnik, splet) in dejavnosti (ukvarjanje z računalniškimi igrami, komuniciranje po mobilnem telefonu in na spletnih socialnih omrežjih ipd.) je treba preučiti tudi, kako pogosto slovenska mladina spremlja »tradicionalne« množične medijev (televizija, radio, ter časopisi in revije, gl.
We may anticipate that there will be differences between young people who frequently expose themselves to entertainment media content (watching entertaining films, TV shows, reading tabloids etc.), and young people who more frequently expose themselves to information and political media content (e.g. information programmes, news, daily reports etc.). 
Pričakovati je namreč mogoče, da so razlike med mladostniki, ki pogosto spremljajo zabavno-razvedrilne medijske vsebine (gledanje razvedrilnih filmov, TV-oddaj, branje rumenega tiska itd.), ter mladostniki, ki pogosteje spremljajo informativno-politične medijske vsebine (npr. informativni programi, novice, dnevna poročila ipd.).
This is also confirmed by previous studies, which have shown that entertainment content is mainly (but not exclusively) associated with negative aspects of psychosocial development (Bryant and Miron, 2002; Comstock, 2004), while political and information content is associated mainly with positive aspects (Fleming et al., 2005; Norris and Inglehart, 2009). 
jujejo tudi pretekle študije, ki so pokazale, da so zabavno-razvedrilnevsebine pretežno (vendar ne izključno) povezane z negativnimi vidiki psihosocialnega razvoja (Bryant in Miron, 2002; Comstock, 2004), politično-informativne vsebine pa predvsem s pozitivnimi (Fleming et al., 2005; Norris in Inglehart, 2009).
Of course the findings in past studies have not always been unequivocal. 
Seveda ugotovitve v preteklih raziskavah niso vselej enopomenske.
Watching entertainment content on TV (such as soap operas) and listening to music in one's free time have been shown in one study to be associated with positive psychological states and feelings (see Hills and Argyle, 1998). 
Spremljanje zabavno-razvedrilnih TV-vsebin (npr. telenovel) in poslušanje glasbe v prostem času sta se v eni od študij izkazali za povezani s pozitivnimi psihološkimi stanji oz. čustvi (gl.
Data for such an analysis are available to us in the European Social Survey (research carried out in 2002, 2004, 2006 and 2008), which measured the total media exposure and following of news/information content via the traditional mass media (television, newspapers/magazines and radio).97 In the graph below we show for three mass media the frequency of exposure to information and political content on the one hand and entertainment on the other 
Podatki za tovrstno analizo so nam na voljo v raziskavi European Social Survey (raziskava je bila izvedena v letih 2002, 2004, 2006 in 2008), ki meri skupno medijsko izpostavljenost ter spremljanje novic/ informativnih vsebin skozi različne tradicionalne množične medije (televizija, časopisi/revije in radio).98 V spodnjem grafikonu za tri množične medije prikazujemo pogostost spremljanja informativno-političnih vsebin na eni strani ter zabavno-razvedrilnih na drugi strani.
For both types of content we added up using three forms of media (exposure to entertainment television programmes, radio and reading magazines formed the variable “entertainment media”, while keeping up with informational content on television and radio and reading newspapers formed the variable “informational media”). 
Tak instrument je bil sestavljen na lestvici od 0 (ne spremljam tovrstne vsebine) do 7 (tovrstno vsebino spremljam več kot 3 ure dnevno).
This instrument was formulated on a scale of 0 (I am not exposed to such content) to 7 (I expose myself to such content for more than 3 hours a day). 
98 Pri podatkih ESS smo pri vsakem anketirancu odšteli pogostost spremljanja informativnih vsebin od celotnega spremljanja medijev in tako dobili vpogled v povprečne vrednosti spremljanja zabavno-razvedrilnih vsebin.
Graph 81: Exposure to entertainment and informational media content, Slovenia and EU-27, 2002-2008 
Grafikon 81: Spremljanje zabavnih in informativnih medijskih vsebin, Slovenija in EU-27, 2002-2008
EU-27, entertainment 
EU27, zabavne vsebine
Slovenia, entertainment 
Slovenija, zabavne vsebine
EU-27, information 
EU27, informativne vsebine
Slovenia, information 
Slovenija, informativne vsebine
SOURCES: ESS 2002, ESS 2004, ESS 2006 and ESS 2008 
VIRI: ESS 2002, ESS 2004, ESS 2006 in ESS 2008
The above graph shows that Slovenian youth: 1) on average are exposed to media less frequently than the average for the EU-27 countries, regarding both entertainment, where the difference between Slovenia and the EU-27 average is greater, and informational content, where the difference is small; 2) are more frequently exposed to entertainment content than information and political, 3) compared to adults, they keep up less frequently with political and information content (not shown). 
Iz zgornjega grafikona je razvidno, da slovenska mladina: 1) v povprečju spremlja medije manj pogosto, kot je povprečje v državah EU-27, tako zabavne, kjer je razlika med Slovenijo in povprečjem EU-27 večja, pa tudi informativne vsebine, kjer je razlika majhna; 2) pogosteje spremlja zabavno-razvedrilne vsebine kot informativno-politične, 3) v primerjavi z odraslimi manj pogosto spremlja politično-informativne vsebine (ni prikazano).
It is especially interesting to note that it was “only” in 2008 that Slovenian youth started being exposed more frequently to informational media content, while a decline can be observed between 2002 and 2006. 
Posebej je zanimivo, da je slovenska mladina »šele« v letu 2008 začela pogosteje spremljati informativne medijske vsebine, v letih 2002-2006 pa je mogoče zaznati upad.
In view of the perceived trends, we may conclude that among Slovenian youth the interest in entertainment media content has probably declined in favour of informational content (perhaps because informational content is becoming increasingly “entertaining”). 
Glede na zaznane trende je mogoče sklepati, da se je pri slovenski mladini zanimanje za zabavne medijske vsebine verjetno zmanjšalo na račun informativnih vsebin (morda zato ker informativne vsebine postajajo vse »zabavnejše«).
At this point we may conclude that among Slovenian youth we cannot discern any shift towards greater exposure to traditional media entertainment (as is typical of EU-27 youth), and the trend is precisely the opposite. 
Na tej točki lahko sklenemo, da pri slovenski mladini ne zaznavamo zasuka v smer večjega spremljanja razvedrilnih tradicionalnih medijskih vsebin (kot je to značilno za mladino EU-27), ampak je trend ravno nasproten.
In the period from 2002 to 2008, in exposure to traditional media among young Slovenians there has been a slight increase in the frequency of exposure to informational content, and a decrease in the frequency of exposure to entertainment. 
V obdobju 2002-2008 se je med mladimi v Sloveniji pri spremljanju tradicionalnih medijev nekoliko povečala pogostost spremljanja informativnih, zmanjšala pa pogostost spremljanja zabavnih vsebin.
7.4.1 Socio-demographic factors and psychosocial correlates of the use of entertainment and informational media content 
7.4.1 Sociodemografski dejavniki ter psihosocialni korelati uporabe zabavnih in informativnih medijskih vsebin
Our findings therefore dovetail with studies pointing to an association between frequent exposure to entertainment and indicators of less adjusted psychosocial development of young people (Romer et al., 2009). 
mativne vsebine, se prav tako pogosteje zdravo prehranjujejo100 (r = 0,093; p < 0,001), v povprečju pa spijo manj ur dnevno (r = -0,111; p < 0,001).
In any event, in view of these findings it should also be stated that entertainment content is not always associated with negative aspects of the individual's development, but mainly when it involves excessive exposure. 
Vsekakor je glede na ugotovljeno treba povedati tudi, da zabavne vsebine niso vselej povezane z negativnimi vidiki posameznikovega razvoja, so pa predvsem, kadar gre za njihovo čezmerno spremljanje.
Regarding informational content, the findings are predictable: as is the case in Youth 2010, in other studies the use of informational content is associated with indicators of more favourable development of young people and with certain indicators of being active in society (e.g. Norris and Inglehart, 2009; Romer et al., 2009). 
Glede informativnih vsebin so izsledki pričakovani: podobno kot pri Mladini 2010 je tudi v drugih študijah uporaba informativnih vsebin povezana s kazalniki ugodnejšega razvoja mladih in z nekaterimi kazalniki družbenega delovanja (npr.
99 They eat fruit and vegetables more frequently. 
Norris in Inglehart, 2009; Romer et al., 2009).
100 Interestingly, the variable “fears” is also associated with exposure to informational media, although this association is significantly less strong (r = 0.059; p < 0.05). 
7.4.2 Politična in civilnodružbena participacija ter zabavnorazvedrilne in informativno-politične medijske vsebine
7.4.2 Political and civil society participation and entertainment and information and political content 
Poleg psihosocialnih korelatov uporabe tradicionalnih medijev nas zanima tudi njihova morebitna povezanost s politično in civilnodružbeno participacijo.
Alongside the psychosocial correlates of the use of traditional media, we are also interested in their possible association with political and civil society participation. 
Nekateri avtorji upad družbenopolitičnega udejstvovanja pripisujejo predvsem pojavu in vse pogostejšemu gledanju televizije (Putnam, 1995), kot pa smo videli zgoraj, drugi avtorji upravičeno opozarjajo na različen pomen medijskih vsebin.
In other words, past research has shown that in studying the relationship between media exposure and participation, the most important thing is media content. 
101 Zanimivo, spremenljivka »strahovi« je povezana tudi s spremljanjem informativnih vsebin, vendar je ta povezanost bistveno manj močna (r = 0,059; p < 0,05).
Youth 2010 data indicate that there is a positive association between political participation and the two kinds of media content:101 it is associated predictably strongly with informational content (r = 0.307; p < 0.001), but more weakly with entertainment content, although still positively (r = 0.089, p < 0.01). 
Podatki Mladine 2010 kažejo, da obstaja pozitivna povezanost med politično participacijo in obema medijskima vsebinama:102 z informativnimi vsebinami je povezava pričakovano močna (r = 0,307; p < 0,001), z zabavnimi vsebinami pa šibkejša, vendar še vedno pozitivna (r = 0,089, p < 0,01).
Civil society participation is also positively associated with the two kinds of content, again more strongly with informational content (r = 0.172, p < 0.001), but there is also a statistically significant association with entertainment media content (r = 0.146, p < 0.001). 
Tudi civilnodružbena participacija je pozitivno povezana z obema vsebinama, ponovno močneje z informativnimi vsebinami (r = 0,172, p < 0,001), statistično značilna pa je tudi povezanost z zabavnimi medijskimi vsebinami (r = 0,146, p < 0,001).
So it would appear that entertainment media content (albeit much less than informational) is associated with a higher level of political and civil society participation among Slovenian youth. 
Zdi se torej, da so tudi zabavne medijske vsebine (sicer mnogo manj kot informativne) pri slovenski mladini povezane z višjo stopnjo politične in civilnodružbene participacije.
7.5 Use of telephone 
7.5 Uporaba telefona
Finally we also present an analysis of the use of telephones among young people. 
Nazadnje prikazujemo še analizo uporabe telefona med mladimi.
Graph 82: Average daily use of telephone (talking and sending messages), Youth 2010 
Grafikon 82: Povprečna dnevna uporaba telefona (pogovarjanje in pošiljanje sporočil), Mladina 2010
Talking on the phone (in minutes) Number of SMS/MMS sent 
Pogovarjanje po telefonu (v minutah) Število poslanih SMSov/MMSov
Statistically significant psychosocial correlates of talking on the phone were seen to lie in satisfaction with health (r = -0.095; p < 0.001), experiencing stress (r = 0.131; p < 0.001), not getting on so well with one's father (r =-0.060; p < 0.05), anomy (r = 0.170; p < 0.001), hedonistic (r = 0.120; p < 0.001) and fatalistic orientation to the present (r = 0.109; p < 0.001), narcissistic grandiosity (r = 0.079; p < 0.01) and opportunism (r = 0.060; p < 0.05), alienation (r = 0.069; p < 0.05), as well as authoritarian (r = 0.090; p < 0.01) and permissive socialisation (r = 0.142; p < 0.001) and deviance (r = 0.105; p <0.001). 
Za statistično značilne psihosocialne korelate pogovarjanja po telefonu pa so se izkazali zadovoljstvo z zdravjem (r = -0,095; p < 0,001), doživljanje stresa (r = 0,131; p < 0,001), slabše razumevanje z očetom (r =-0,060; p < 0,05), anomičnost (r = 0,170; p < 0,001), hedonistična (r = 0,120; p < 0,001) in fatalistična usmerjenost v sedanjost (r = 0,109; p < 0,001), narcistična grandioznost (r = 0,079; p < 0,01) in izkoriščevalnost (r = 0,060; p < 0,05), odtujenost (r = 0,069; p < 0,05), pa tudi avtoritarna (r = 0,090; p < 0,01) in permisivna socializacija (r = 0,142; p < 0,001) ter deviantnost (r = 0,105; p <0,001).
More frequent communication by phone is associated with the poorer psychosocial state of the individual. 
Pogostejše komuniciranje po telefonu je povezano s slabšim psihosocialnim stanjem posameznika.
It would be possible to summarise that the use of ICT among Slovenian youth is associated with positive as well as negative aspects of the development of young people and their integration into society. 
Povzeti je mogoče, da je uporaba IKT tudi pri slovenski mladini povezana s pozitivnimi, pa tudi negativnimi vidiki razvoja mladostnikov in njihove vpetosti v družbo.
On the one hand greater frequency of using ICT is associated with numerous psychosocial correlates indicating a less favourable psychosocial state of young people, while on the other hand it is positively associated with political and societal activity and with the frequency of direct interpersonal contacts between young people and their friends/peers and partners. 
Po eni strani je večja pogostost uporabe IKT povezana s številnimi psihosocialnimi korelati, ki kažejo na slabše psihosocialno stanje mladostnikov, po drugi strani pa je pozitivno povezana s politično-družbenim delovanjem ter s pogostostjo neposrednih medosebnih stikov mladih s prijatelji/vrstniki in partnerji.
Yet we cannot “blame” entertainment content in the media for the less desired psychosocial traits of young people. 
Toda za manj želene psihosocialne lastnosti mladih ne moremo »kriviti« zabavnih medijskih vsebin.
Entertainment ICT content is not in fact (necessarily) a problem in itself, since it often represents just a softener and a way of grappling with difficulties for those young people with less favourable psychosocial traits. 
Zabavne IKT-vsebine namreč niso (nujno) težava sama po sebi, saj pogosto pomenijo le blažilo in način spoprijemanja s težavami za mladostnike s slabšimi psihosocialnimi lastnostmi.
More frequent pursuit of such media may be an indicator of difficulties in young people, although it is probable, as we have already mentioned, that such content also has a reverse (negative) influence on the viewer, and in this sense there is a reciprocal effect. 
Njihovo pogostejše spremljanje je lahko kazalnik težav mladih, čeprav obstaja verjetnost, kot smo že omenili, da imajo tovrstne vsebine tudi povratni (negativni) vpliv na gledalca in gre v tem smislu za vzajemnost.
7.6 Key ﬁ ndings 
7.6 Ključne ugotovitve
1. A total of 82 percent of young people use the internet (almost) every day. 
1. 82 odstotkov mladih (skoraj) vsak dan uporablja splet.
The proportion of such users in Slovenia is above the average for the EU-15 and EU-27 countries. 
Delež takih uporabnikov je v Sloveniji nad povprečjem držav EU-15 in EU-27.
2. The use of information and communication technology does not detract from face-to-face interpersonal communication, and is primarily positively associated with it. 
2. Uporaba informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije ne izpodriva neposrednega medosebnega komuniciranja, temveč je z njim v veliki meri pozitivno povezano.
Among Slovenian youth a similar positive relationship is evident between the more frequent use of ICT on the one hand and cultural, artistic, humanitarian and political activities on the other hand. 
Pri slovenski mladini podoben pozitivni odnos najdemo tudi med pogostostjo uporabe IKT na eni ter kulturnimi, umetniškimi, humanitarnimi in političnimi dejavnostmi na drugi strani.
3. Young people use the computer primarily for entertainment and communication. 
3. Mladi računalnik uporabljajo predvsem za zabavo in komuniciranje.
4. Use of computers for entertainment purposes (social networking sites, playing computer games) is positively associated mainly with less favourable psychosocial properties of young people. 
4. Z uporabo računalnika v zabavne namene (spletne strani za socialno mreženje, ukvarjanje z računalniškimi igrami) se pozitivno povezujejo pretežno manj ugodne psihosocialne lastnosti mladih.
5. In the period from 2002 to 2008, in exposure to traditional media among young Slovenians there has been a slight increase in the frequency of exposure to informational content, and a decrease in the frequency of exposure to entertainment. 
5. V obdobju 2002-2008 se je med mladimi v Sloveniji pri spremljanju tradicionalnih medijev nekoliko povečala pogostost spremljanja informativnih, zmanjšala pa pogostost spremljanja zabavnih vsebin.
6. More frequent communication by phone is associated with the poorer psychosocial state of the individual. 
6. Pogostejše komuniciranje po telefonu je povezano s slabšim psihosocialnim stanjem posameznika.
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