natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
All UTI events were mild or moderate in intensity except for one severe case (male subject in the sotagliflozin 400 mg group). 
Vse okužbe sečil so bile blage ali zmerne, razen enega hudega primera
Printing ink 
Črnilo
Breast-feeding 
Propilenglikol
For subjects with CKD Stage IIIb (eGFR ≥30 and <45 mL/min/1.73 m2) and CKD 
Kreatinin (mg/dl) eGFR (ml/min/1,73 m2
At week 24, treatment with 400 mg sotagliflozin before the first meal of the day resulted in statistically significant more patients achieving the net benefit primary endpoint (proportion of patients with HbA1c <7.0% at week 24 and no episode of severe hypoglycaemia, and no episode of DKA from randomisation to Week 24) compared with insulin alone (28.6% versus 15.2%) (p-value<0.001) and provided statistically significant mean reductions in HbA1c (p-value <0.001). 
Po 24 tednih je zdravljenje s 400 mg sotagliflozina pred prvim obrokom dneva povzročilo, da je statistično značilno več bolnikov doseglo primarni opazovani dogodek neto koristi (delež bolnikov s
Discontinuation due to genital mycotic infections occurred in 1.2%, 1.1% and 0.8% of patients treated with sotagliflozin 200 mg, sotagliflozin 400 mg and placebo, respectively. 
%, 1,1 % in 0,8 % med prejemniki 200 mg sotagliflozina, 400 mg sotagliflozina in med prejemniki placeba.
Talc Indigo carmine aluminium lake (E132). 
Indigotin E132
Date of first authorisation: 13 March 2013 Date of latest renewal: 8 December 2017 
Datum prve odobritve: 13. marec 2013 Datum zadnjega podaljšanja: 8. decembra 2017
Also the proportion of patients gaining ≥ 2 or 
Tudi delež bolnikov, ki so pridobili ≥ 2 ali
Your doctor will be aware of this and will take it into account when monitoring your eye. 
Vaš zdravnik to ve in bo to upošteval pri spremljanju vašega očesa.
This is generally reversible and will usually disappear without treatment. 
To je običajno reverzibilno in navadno izgine brez zdravljenja.
In the majority of cases recovery occurred within 6 months. 
V večini primerov je okrevanje nastopilo v 6 mesecih.
Currently available data on paediatric use are described in section 5.1. 
Trenutno razpoložljivi podatki o pediatrični uporabi so opisani v poglavju 5.1.
• Key signs and symptoms of serious adverse events 
• Ključni znaki in simptomi resnih neželenih učinkov
Proper aseptic injection techniques must always be used. 
Vedno je treba uporabiti pravilne aseptične tehnike injiciranja.
If this happens, do not drive or use any tools or machines until your vision improves. 
Če se to zgodi, ne vozite in ne uporabljajte orodij ali strojev, dokler se vid ne izboljša.
Population with no or limited data 
Populacija, pri kateri podatkov ni oziroma so omejeni
No systemic interactions are anticipated. 
Sistemske interakcije niso pričakovane.
Bilateral treatment 
Bilateralno zdravljenje
The macula provides central vision that is needed for everyday tasks such as driving, reading and recognising faces. 
Makula skrbi za središčni vid, ki je potreben za vsakodnevna opravila, kot so vožnja, branje in prepoznavanje obrazov.
Read all of this leaflet carefully before you are given this medicine because it contains important information for you. 
Preden prejmete to zdravilo, natančno preberite navodilo, ker vsebuje za vas pomembne podatke.
Information about storage 
Informacije o shranjevanju
Most of these events occurred during or after vitrectomy in both groups. 
Večina dogodkov se je v obeh skupinah pojavila med vitrektomijo ali po njej.
Retinogram abnormal 
Nenormalen retinogram
Each vial should only be used once and for the treatment of a single eye. 
Vsako vialo uporabite le enkrat in za zdravljenje enega očesa.
Most of the adverse reactions occurred within the first week after the injection. 
Večina neželenih učinkov se je pojavila v prvem tednu po injiciranju.
The majority of events were non-serious, mild and generally resolved spontaneously. 
Večina dogodkov ni bila resnih, pač pa blagih in je običajno izzvenela spontano.
A difference was maintained through the end of the studies (Month 6). 
Razlika se je ohranila do konca študije (6. meseca).
You will not be given Jetrea more than once into the same eye. 
Zdravila Jetrea ne boste prejeli več kot enkrat v isto oko.
• When to seek urgent attention from the health care provider 
• Kdaj poiskati nujno medicinsko pomoč.
Use thawed solution by: ----- / ----- / ---- 
Odmrznjeno raztopino uporabite do: ----- / ----- / ----
Routine observation is recommended in all above situations. 
V vseh zgoraj navedenih situacijah se priporoča rutinsko opazovanje.
This should be taken into consideration when using these tests for the diagnosis or monitoring of other conditions (see section 4.8). 
To je treba upoštevati pri izvedbi omenjenih preiskav za diagnostiko ali spremljanje drugih bolezni (glejte poglavje 4.8).
In these cases, patients should not drive or use machines until the visual disturbances have resolved. 
V teh primerih naj bolniki ne vozijo ali upravljajo strojev, dokler motnja vida ne izzveni.
Repeated administration in the same eye is not recommended (see section 4.4). 
Ponovnega dajanja v isto oko ne priporočamo (glejte poglavje 4.4).
The majority of these reactions were non-serious, mild to moderate in intensity and resolved within 2 to 3 weeks. 
Večina neželenih učinkov ni bila resnih, bili so blagi do zmerni ter so izginili v roku 2 do 3 tednov.
The diluted solution should be used immediately as it contains no preservatives. 
Razredčeno raztopino je treba uporabiti takoj, saj ne vsebuje konzervansov.
*Ocriplasmin is a truncated form of human plasmin produced by recombinant DNA technology in a Pichia pastoris expression system. 
*Okriplazmin je skrajšana oblika humanega plazmina, izdelanega z uporabo tehnologije rekombinantne DNA v ekspresijskem sistemu kvasovke Pichia pastoris.
If an overdose occurs, close monitoring is recommended. 
V primeru prevelikega odmerjanja se priporoča skrbno spremljanje.
No carcinogenicity, mutagenicity or reproductive and developmental toxicity data are available. 
Podatki o kancerogenosti, mutagenosti ali toksičnosti za razmnoževanje in razvoj niso na voljo.
Your ophthalmologist/doctor or pharmacist is responsible for storing this medicine and disposing of any unused solution correctly. 
Vaš oftalmolog/zdravnik ali farmacevt je odgovoren za shranjevanje tega zdravila in pravilno odstranjevanje neuporabljene raztopine.
At Month 24, the proportions were 48/145 (33.3%) and 32/73 (43%), respectively. 
V 24. mesecu sta bila deleža 48/145 (33,3 %) oziroma 32/73 (43 %).
Combined JETREA 
kombinirano JETREA
Some effects (such as flashes, floaters) can also be perceived from the untreated eye in some cases. 
Nekatere učinke (kot so utrinki, lebdeči delci) lahko v nekaterih primerih opazimo tudi na nezdravljenem očesu.
Intraocular inflammation/infection may be assessed using biomicroscopy between 2 and 7 days following the injection. 
Intraokularno vnetje/okužbo je mogoče oceniti z biomikroskopijo med 2 in 7 dnem po injiciranju.
The intravitreal injection of JETREA may have a moderate influence on the ability to drive and use machines due to possible temporary visual disturbances (see section 4.8). 
Intravitrealno injiciranje zdravila JETREA ima lahko zmeren vpliv na sposobnost vožnje in upravljanja strojev zaradi možnih začasnih motenj vida (glejte poglavje 4.8).
Within each frequency grouping, adverse reactions are presented in the order of decreasing seriousness. 
Znotraj vsake skupine pogostnosti so neželeni učinki navedeni po padajoči resnosti.
Prior to launch in each Member State the Marketing Authorisation Holder (MAH) shall agree an educational programme with the National Competent Authority. 
Imetnik dovoljenja za promet z zdravilom (MAH) se mora pred prihodom zdravila na trg v vsaki državi članici dogovoriti za izobraževalni program z nacionalnim pristojnim organom.
The safety findings observed in study TG-MV-009 were consistent with the known safety profile for JETREA. 
Varnostne ugotovitve, ki so jih opazili v študiji TG-MV-009 so bile skladne z znanim varnostnim profilom zdravila JETREA.
Elderly The elderly population has been studied in clinical studies. 
Starejši bolniki Dajanje zdravila starejši populaciji so preučili v kliničnih študijah.
Patients should be monitored appropriately (see section 4.8 and 5.3). 
Bolnike je treba primerno spremljati (glejte poglavji 4.8 in 5.3).
The medicinal product should be diluted and used immediately. 
Zdravilo je treba razredčiti in takoj uporabiti.
There is no relevant use of Jetrea in children and adolescents below 18 years old. 
Zdravilo Jetrea ni primerno za uporabo pri otrocih in mladostnikih, starih do 18 let.
Jetrea should not be used during pregnancy or breast-feeding unless your doctor/ophthalmologist thinks it is clearly necessary. 
Zdravila Jetrea ne uporabljajte med nosečnostjo ali dojenjem, razen če vaš zdravnik/oftalmolog meni, da je to nujno potrebno.
% VMA Resolution 
% odprav VMA
To prepare Jetrea for intravitreal injection, adhere to the following instructions: 1. 
Za pripravo zdravila Jetrea v obliki intravitrealne injekcije upoštevajte naslednja navodila: 1.
Store in a freezer. 
Shranjujte v zamrzovalniku.
Administration in close temporal association with other medicinal products in the same eye may affect the activity of both medicinal products and is therefore not recommended. 
Dajanje v tesnem časovnem zaporedju z drugimi zdravili v isto oko lahko vpliva na delovanje obeh zdravil, zato se odsvetuje.
When administered intravenously, ocriplasmin enters the endogenous protein catabolism pathway through which it is rapidly inactivated via its interactions with protease inhibitor α2-antiplasmin or α2-macroglobulin. 
Pri intravenski uporabi okriplazmin vstopi v katabolično pot endogene beljakovine, prek katere se hitro inaktivira zaradi interakcije z zaviralcem proteaze α2-antiplazminom ali α2-makroglobulinom.
Ocriplasmin is a proteolytic enzyme with serine protease activity which could be present in the eye for several days after intravitreal injection (see section 5.2). 
Okriplazmin je proteolitični encim z aktivnostjo serinske proteaze, ki je lahko v očesu prisotna še nekaj dni po intravitrealnem injiciranju (glejte poglavje 5.2).
The safety and efficacy of ocriplasmin in paediatric subjects scheduled for vitrectomy was investigated in study TG-MV-009. 
Varnost in učinkovitost okriplazmina pri pediatričnih bolnikih, načrtovanih za vitrektomijo, sta bili raziskani v študiji TG-MV-009.
It remains unclear if this haemorrhage is related to the injection procedure itself or administration of ocriplasmin. 
Ni jasno, ali je krvavitev povezana s samim postopkom injiciranja ali dajanjem okriplazmina.
During the studies, vitrectomy could be performed at the discretion of the Investigator. 
V času študij je bila lahko izvedena vitrektomija, če je raziskovalec tako presodil.
The median time to resolution was 22 days. 
Mediani čas do izginotja spremembe je bil 22 dni.
From a microbiological point of view, the medicinal product must be used immediately after opening. 
Z mikrobiološkega vidika morate zdravilo uporabiti takoj po odprtju.
- if you are allergic to ocriplasmin or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6); - if you have (or suspect you may have) an infection in or around your eye. 
- če ste alergični na okriplazmin ali katero koli sestavino tega zdravila (navedeno v poglavju 6); - če imate okužbo v očesu ali okoli njega ali v primeru suma na okužbo teh predelov.
The unopened vial in the original carton protected from light may be stored in a refrigerator (2 °C to 8 °C) for up to 1 week. 
Neodprta viala, shranjena v originalni škatli, zaščitena pred svetlobo je lahko shranjena v hladilniku (2 °C - 8 °C) do 1 tedna.
If you are pregnant or breast-feeding, think you may be pregnant or are planning to have a baby, ask your doctor/ophthalmologist for advice before being given this medicine. 
Če ste noseči ali dojite, menite, da bi lahko bili noseči ali načrtujete zanositev, se posvetujte s svojim zdravnikom/oftalmologom, preden dobite to zdravilo.
After thawing, unopened vial may be stored for up to 1 week in a refrigerator. 
Po odmrznitvi lahko neodprto vialo shranjujete do 1 tedna v hladilniku.
The injection needle should be inserted 3.5-4.0 mm posterior to the limbus aiming towards the centre of the vitreous cavity avoiding the horizontal meridian. 
Injekcijsko iglo je treba vstaviti 3,5-4,0 mm posteriorno glede na limbus in jo usmeriti proti središču steklovinskega prostora, pri čemer se je treba izogniti horizontalnemu meridianu.
The MAH shall ensure that, following discussions and agreement with the National Competent Authorities in each Member State where JETREA will be marketed, at launch and after launch, all healthcare professionals who are expected to use JETREA are provided with the following items: 
MAH mora po diskusiji in dogovoru z nacionalnim pristojnim organom v vsaki državi članici, kjer bo zdravilo JETREA na trgu, ob prihodu in po prihodu na trg, zagotoviti preskrbo vseh zdravnikov, ki bodo predvidoma uprabljali zdravilo JETREA, z naslednjimi materiali:
This information will be taken into account to evaluate if and when Jetrea can be injected into the same eye. 
To informacijo je treba upoštevati pri ocenitvi, ali se zdravilo Jetrea lahko injicira v isto oko in kdaj.
The inactive ocriplasmin/α2-antiplasmin complex is cleared from the circulation with a half-life (t1/2) of several hours. 
Inaktivirani kompleks okriplazmina/α2-antiplazmina se izloči iz obtoka z razpolovnim časom (t1/2)
There are no clinical data on concomitant use of ocriplasmin with VEGF-inhibitors (vascular endothelial growth factor) and therefore it is not recommended. 
Kliničnih podatkov o sočasni uporabi okriplazmina in zaviralcev VEGF (vaskularnega endotelijskega rastnega dejavnika) ni in zato ta ni priporočljiva.
Other medicines and Jetrea 
Druga zdravila in zdravilo Jetrea
Visual symptoms perceived in the contralateral eye or bilaterally have also been reported. 
Poročali so tudi o simptomih, povezanih z vidom, ki so jih opazili v kontralateralnem očesu ali bilateralno.
Do not use this needle for the intravitreal injection. 
Igle ne uporabite za intravitrealno injiciranje.
What Jetrea is and what it is used for 
Kaj je zdravilo Jetrea in za kaj ga uporabljamo
Information on resolution of specific events such as chromatopsia and ERG changes can be found in the relevant paragraph of the ‘description of selected adverse reactions' section. 
Podatki o prenehanju določenih učinkov, kot so kromatopsija in spremembe ERG, so podani v ustreznem odstavku poglavja Opis izbranih neželenih učinkov.
Only a clear, colourless solution without visible particles should be used. 
Uporabite lahko le bistro in brezbarvno raztopino brez vidnih delcev.
Based on the results of this study, the use of JETREA as an adjunct to vitrectomy in children, to facilitate vitreous separation and removal, is not recommended. 
Na osnovi rezultatov te študije ne priporočamo uporabe zdravila JETREA kot dodatka vitrektomiji pri otrocih za pospešitev ločitve in odstranitve steklovine.
Your doctor/ophthalmologist will monitor you and take corrective measures if needed. 
Vaš zdravnik ali oftalmolog vas bo spremljal in po potrebi uvedel korektivne ukrepe.
Disinfect the top of the vial with an alcohol wipe (Figure 2). 
Vrh viale razkužite z alkoholnim robčkom (slika 2).
What Jetrea is and what it is used for What you need to know before you are given Jetrea How Jetrea is given 
Kaj je zdravilo Jetrea in za kaj ga uporabljamo Kaj morate vedeti, preden boste prejeli zdravilo Jetrea Kako se daje zdravilo Jetrea
Disinfect the top of the vial with an alcohol wipe. 
Vrh viale razkužite z alkoholnim robčkom.
Monitoring for increases in IOP may consist of a check for perfusion of the optic nerve head immediately after the injection and tonometry within 30 minutes following the injection. 
Spremljanje zvišanja očesnega tlaka lahko vključuje preverjanje perfuzije glave vidnega živca takoj po injiciranju in tonometrijo v roku 30 minut po injiciranju.
The clinical data on the effects of JETREA overdose are limited. 
Klinični podatki o učinkih prevelikega odmerka zdravila JETREA so omejeni.
You will not be given Jetrea into both eyes at the same time. 
Zdravila Jetrea ne boste prejeli sočasno v obe očesi.
Your doctor/ophthalmologist will also give you a local anaesthetic to prevent any pain from the injection. 
Vaš zdravnik/oftalmolog vam bo dal tudi lokalni anestetik, da prepreči bolečino zaradi injekcije.
The diagnosis of vitreomacular traction (VMT) should comprise of a complete clinical picture including patient history, clinical examination and investigation using currently accepted diagnostic tools, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT). 
Diagnoza vitreomakularne trakcije (VMT) mora obsegati celovito klinično sliko, ki vključuje bolnikove težave v preteklosti, klinični pregled in preiskavo z uporabo splošno sprejetih diagnostičnih metod, kot je optična koherentna tomografija (OCT).
Patients should be monitored appropriately (see section 4.8). 
Bolnike je treba primerno spremljati (glejte poglavje 4.8).
After the injection, your doctor/ophthalmologist will monitor your vision. 
Po injiciranju bo vaš zdravnik/oftalmolog spremljal vaš vid.
On the day of the injection, your doctor/ophthalmologist will use antimicrobial eye drops and clean your eye and eyelid carefully to prevent infection. 
Na dan injiciranja bo vaš zdravnik/oftalmolog uporabil antimikrobne kapljice za oko in vaše oko ter očesno veko skrbno očistil, da prepreči okužbo.
From a microbiological point of view, the medicinal product must be used immediately after opening/dilution. 
Z mikrobiološkega vidika morate zdravilo uporabiti takoj po odprtju/redčenju.
Contents of the pack and other information What Jetrea contains 
Vsebina pakiranja in dodatne informacije Kaj vsebuje zdravilo Jetrea
What you need to know before you are given Jetrea You must not be given Jetrea 
Kaj morate vedeti, preden boste prejeli zdravilo Jetrea Zdravila Jetrea ne smete prejeti
JETREA should be used during pregnancy only if the clinical benefit outweighs the potential risks. 
Uporaba zdravila JETREA med nosečnostjo je dovoljena le, če so klinične koristi večje od možnih tveganj.
Based on the proteolytic activity of ocriplasmin, preclinical and clinical findings, the potential for lens subluxation or phacodonesis cannot be ruled out. 
Na podlagi proteolitične aktivnosti okriplazmina in predkliničnih ter kliničnih izsledkov možnosti subluksacije leče ali fakodoneze ni mogoče izključiti.
Figure 1: Proportion of patients with VMA resolution up to Day 180 (Month 6) (TG-MV-006, TG-MV-007 and integrated data) 
Slika 1: Delež bolnikov z odpravo vitreomakularne adhezije do 180. dne (6. meseca) (TG-MV-006, TG-MV-007 in integrirani podatki)
The clinical efficacy and safety of JETREA for the treatment of vitreomacular traction (VMT) was assessed in 3 double-masked studies. 
Klinično učinkovitost in varnost zdravila JETREA pri zdravljenju vitreomakularne trakcije (VMT) so ocenili v 3 dvojno slepih študijah.
A total of 652 patients (JETREA 464, placebo 188) were randomised in these 2 studies. 
652 bolnikov (JETREA 464, placebo 188) je bilo randomiziranih v ti dve študiji).
To prepare JETREA for intravitreal injection, adhere to the following instructions: Remove the vial from the freezer and allow to thaw at room temperature (takes about 2 minutes). 
Za pripravo zdravila JETREA v obliki intravitrealne injekcije upoštevajte naslednja navodila: Vialo vzemite iz zamrzovalnika in pustite, da se odtaja pri sobni temperaturi (kar traja približno 2 minuti).
Your doctor/ophthalmologist will decide if treatment with Jetrea is right for you. 
Vaš zdravnik/oftalmolog se bo odločil, ali je zdravljenje z zdravilom Jetrea za vas primerno.
At the end of this period the product must be used or discarded. 
Po tem času morate zdravilo uporabiti ali zavreči.
This effect appeared to be dose-related and was observed in all animals administered intravitreal ocriplasmin more than once. 
Izgleda, da je ta učinek odvisen od odmerka, saj so ga opazili pri vseh živalih, ki so jim dali okriplazmin intravitrealno več kot enkrat.
Ocriplasmin induced an inflammatory response and transient ERG changes in rabbits and monkeys, while no inflammation or ERG changes were observed in minipigs. 
Okriplazmin je induciral vnetni odziv in prehodne spremembe ERG pri kuncih in opicah, pri pritlikavih prašičih pa niso opazili vnetja ali sprememb ERG.
The use of Jetrea is therefore not recommended in this patient group. 
Uporabe zdravila Jetrea zato ne priporočamo v tej starostni skupini.
Electroretinographic (ERG) changes (a- and b-wave amplitude decrease) have been reported as a very common adverse reaction in patients injected with JETREA; in the majority of cases visual impairment and chromatopsia were also reported. 
O elektroretinografskih spremembah (ERG) (zmanjšanje amplitude vala a in b) so poročali kot o zelo pogostem neželenem učinku pri bolnikih, ki so jim injicirali zdravilo JETREA; v večini primerov so poročali tudi o okvari vida in kromatopsiji.
VMT can cause symptoms such as distorted or decreased vision. 
Vitreomakularna trakcija lahko povzroči simptome, kot so popačen ali slabši vid.
• What are the steps following treatment with Jetrea 
• Kakšni so koraki po zdravljenju z zdravilom Jetrea
Intravenous administration of 10 mg/kg was generally well tolerated in both rat and dog whether administered as single dose or as repeated dose. 
Podgane in psi so intravensko dajanje 10 mg/kg na splošno dobro prenašali ali v obliki enega odmerka ali ponavljajočih se odmerkov.
Ocriplasmin has a proteolytic activity against protein components of the vitreous body and the vitreoretinal interface (VRI) (e.g. laminin, fibronectin and collagen) and aims to dissolve the protein matrix responsible for the abnormal vitreomacular adhesion (VMA). 
Okriplazmin ima proteolitično aktivnost proti beljakovinskim sestavinam steklovine in vitreoretinalnim povezavam (npr. lamininu, fibronektinu in kolagenu) ter pomaga razbiti beljakovinski matriks, odgovoren za nenormalno vitreomakularno adhezijo (VMA).
The safety and efficacy of JETREA administered to both eyes concurrently has not been studied. 
Varnosti in učinkovitosti zdravila JETREA, danega v obe očesi hkrati, niso preučili.
In monkeys, after administration of 125 µg/eye (68 µg/mL vitreous) the ERG was fully recovered by Day 55. 
Pri opicah se je po odmerku 125 µg/oko (68 µg/ml steklovine) ERG povsem popravil do 55. dne.
The concentrate is clear and colourless. 
Koncentrat je bister in brezbarven.
A single intravitreal injection of 0.175 mg (above the recommended dose), or placebo, was injected in the mid-vitreous of 24 eyes of children aged 0 to 16 years, 30 to 60 minutes prior to the planned start of vitrectomy. 
Enkratna intravitrealna injekcija 0,175 mg (v odmerku, ki je večji od priporočenega) ali placebo sta bila injicirana v osrednji del steklovine 24 oči otrok, starih od 0 do 16 let, 30 do 60 minut pred načrtovanim začetkom vitrektomije.
JETREA should be used during breast-feeding only if the clinical benefit outweighs the potential risks. 
Uporaba zdravila JETREA med dojenjem je dovoljena le, če so klinične koristi večje od možnih tveganj.
The following table summarises the adverse reactions reported in the treated eye in clinical studies and/or from post-marketing experience. 
V naslednji preglednici so povzeti neželeni učinki, o katerih so pri zdravljenem očesu poročali v kliničnih študijah in/ali v obdobju trženja.
One case of lens subluxation/phacodonesis was reported in clinical studies in adults and appears to have been possibly related to treatment with JETREA. 
Subluksacija leče/fakodoneza O enem primeru subluksacije leče/fakodoneze so poročali v kliničnih študijah pri odraslih in kaže, da je lahko povezan z zdravljenjem z zdravilom JETREA.
The most common reason for performing vitrectomy was FTMH (in 24.8% JETREA treated patients and 23.3 % sham patients). 
Najpogostejši razlog za izvedbo vitrektomije je bil FTMH (pri 24,8 % bolnikov, zdravljenih z zdravilom JETREA, in pri 23,3 % bolnikov z navideznim zdravljenjem).