natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
In vitro studies as well as clinical efficacy data show that the lincomycin-spectinomycin combination is active against Lawsonia intracellularis. 
In vitro študije in klinični podatki o učinkovitosti kažejo, da kombinacija linkomicina in spektinomicina deluje proti Lawsonia intracellularis.
Nonetheless, there are indications (from laboratory clinical studies) of clinical efficacy against E. coli located in and acquired via the respiratory tract, and against mycoplasmas, which are intracellular infections. 
Kljub temu (na podlagi laboratorijskih kliničnih študij) obstajajo znaki klinične učinkovitosti proti E. coli, ki je v respiratornem traktu in je prek njega tudi pridobljena, ter proti mikoplazmam, pri katerih gre za okužbe znotraj celice.
1 under Article 34 of Directive 2001/82/EC, the product information was harmonised for Linco-Spectin 100, powder for use in drinking water for pigs and chickens, containing 222 mg lincomycin/g and 444.7 mg spectinomycin/g. 
1 v skladu s členom 34 Direktive 2001/82/ES so bile informacije o zdravilu usklajene za zdravilo Linco-Spectin 100, prašek za uporabo v vodi za pitje za prašiče in piščance, ki vsebuje 222 mg linkomicina/g in 444,7 mg spektinomicina/g.
Due to technical constraints the susceptibility of Lawsonia intracellularis is difficult to test in vitro, and data about the resistance status in that species are lacking. 
Zaradi tehničnih omejitev je občutljivost Lawsonia intracellularis težko preskusiti in vitro, podatkov o stanju odpornosti pri tej vrsti pa ni dovolj.
Chickens: To be completed nationally. 
Piščanci: Podatke je treba dopolniti v posameznih državah.
It follows that, while concerns could be expressed if pleuromutilins would remain the sole antimicrobial class indicated in swine dysentery, on the other hand the use of lincomycin against strains of intermediate susceptibility, might possibly contribute to pleuromutilin resistance development through co-selection. 
Čeprav bi bilo mogoče izraziti pomisleke, če bi plevromutilini ostali edini razred protimikrobnih učinkovin, indiciran pri prašičji dizenteriji, iz tega sledi, da lahko po drugi strani uporaba linkomicina proti sevom z vmesno občutljivostjo prek koselekcije prispeva k razvoju odpornosti proti plevromutilinu.
Several pig enteric pathogens can be associated with B. hyodysenteriae infections and constitute possible targets for spectinomycin. 
Z okužbami z B. hyodysenteriae je mogoče povezati več prašičjih enteričnih patogenov in ti patogeni predstavljajo možne tarče za spektinomicin.
Therefore, although overall the combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin showed to be clinically effective against E. coli in chickens, appropriate sentence should be included in SPC section 5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties to reflect the lack of absorption of spectinomycin in the gut. 
Čeprav je v splošnem dokazano, da je kombinacija linkomicina in spektinomicina pri piščancih klinično učinkovita proti E. coli, je zato v poglavje 5.1 povzetka glavnih značilnosti zdravila Farmakodinamične lastnosti treba vključiti primeren stavek o odsotnosti absorpcije spektinomicina v črevesu.
During the Article 34 referral procedure (EMA/V/A/088) for Linco-Spectin 100, the limited efficacy data that were provided and the lack of residue data did not lead to the approval of any harmonised indications in poultry species other than chickens. 
Na podlagi omejenih podatkov o učinkovitosti, predloženih med napotitvenim postopkom v skladu s členom 34 (EMA/V/A/088) za zdravilo Linco-Spectin 100, in pomanjkanja podatkov o ostankih niso bile odobrene nobene usklajene indikacije pri vrstah perutnine, ki niso piščanci.
The available in vitro susceptibility data indicate that spectinomycin and lincomycin can act synergistically in avian mycoplasmas such as M. gallisepticum. 
Razpoložljivi podatki o občutljivosti in vitro kažejo, da spektinomicin in linkomicin lahko pri ptičjih mikoplazmah, kot je M. gallisepticum, delujeta sinergijsko.
Considering that formulations for administration in the drinking water are available, which are recommended for shorter treatment courses based on sufficient efficacy data, it is considered that the overall benefit-risk balance for premixes for medicated feeding stuff and powders to be administered with the feed containing a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin is negative and consequently the marketing authorisations for these products should be withdrawn. 
Ker so na voljo formulacije za dajanje v vodo za pitje, ki so na podlagi zadostnih podatkov o učinkovitosti priporočene za krajša zdravljenja, velja, da je splošno razmerje med tveganji in koristmi za predmešanice za zdravilno krmno mešanico in praške za dajanje v krmo, ki vsebujejo kombinacijo linkomicina in spektinomicina, negativno in da je treba zato umakniti dovoljenja za promet s temi zdravili.
In E. coli, a significant part of the strains show high MIC values (minimum inhibitory concentrations) against the lincomycin-spectinomycin combination and may be clinically resistant, although no breakpoint is defined. 
Pri E. coli znaten del sevov kaže visoke vrednosti MIK (minimalne inhibicijske koncentracije) pri kombinaciji linkomicina in spektinomicina ter je lahko klinično odporen, čeprav mejna vrednost ni določena.
The administration of the lincomycin and spectinomycin combination with the animal feed is currently recommended at relatively low doses and for prolonged periods (approximately 1 to 2.5 mg combined actives per kg bw (which is between 10% and 25% of the daily dose for powders for use in drinking water) for a relatively long period of 21 days). 
Dajanje linkomicina in spektinomicina v kombinaciji z živalsko krmo je trenutno priporočena v sorazmerno nizkih odmerkih in v podaljšanih časovnih obdobjih (približno od 1 mg do 2,5 mg kombiniranih zdravilnih učinkovin na kilogram telesne mase (kar predstavlja od 10 % do 25 % dnevnega odmerka praškov za dajanje v vodo za pitje) v sorazmerno dolgem časovnem obdobju 21 dni).
This low dose for a long period entails a high risk of antimicrobial resistance selection in pathogenic and commensal bacteria and treatment failure. 
Posledica tega nizkega odmerka v dolgem časovnem obdobju sta visoko tveganje za selekcijo odpornosti patogenih in komenzalnih bakterij proti protimikrobnim zdravilom ter visoko tveganje za neuspešno zdravljenje.
Therefore, the benefit-risk balance in relation to the use of the concerned class of products against swine dysentery caused by B. hyodysenteriae, is considered to be negative due to development of acquired resistance and high uncertainty about its impact in terms of in vivo efficacy. 
Razmerje med tveganji in koristmi v zvezi z uporabo zadevnega razreda zdravil proti prašičji dizenteriji, ki jo povzroča B. hyodysenteriae, zaradi razvoja pridobljene odpornosti in visoke negotovosti glede njenega vpliva v smislu učinkovitosti in vivo zato velja za negativno.
No data were provided to support the use of a premix for medicated feeding stuff in chickens. 
V podporo uporabi predmešanice za zdravilno krmno mešanico pri piščancih niso bili predloženi podatki.
Indications, dosages and residue data in pigs 
Indikacije, odmerki in podatki o ostankih pri prašičih
25/28 North Wall Quay 
Zoetis Ireland Limited 25/28 North Wall Quay
Delete, where applicable, any references to any poultry species other than chickens. 
Kadar je ustrezno, izbrišite vse sklice na vse vrste perutnine, ki niso piščanci.
For the treatment and metaphylaxis of chronic respiratory disease (CRD) caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Escherichia coli susceptible to lincomycin and spectinomycin, and associated with a low mortality rate. 
Za zdravljenje in metafilakso kronične respiratorne bolezni (KRB), ki jo povzročata Mycoplasma gallisepticum in Escherichia coli, občutljivi na linkomicin in spektinomicin, ter je povezana z nizko stopnjo umrljivosti.
• the CVMP considered that on the basis of the available data for powders for use in drinking water containing a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin, the overall benefit-risk balance is positive and the product information should be amended as provided in Annex III. 
• odbor CVMP je menil, da je na podlagi razpoložljivih podatkov za praške za dajanje v vodo za pitje, ki vsebujejo kombinacijo linkomicina in spektinomicina, splošno razmerje med tveganji in koristmi pozitivno in da je treba informacije o zdravilih spremeniti, kot je določeno v Prilogi III.
Overall there is no significant evidence of a synergistic interaction in vitro between lincomycin and spectinomycin in B. hyodysenteriae, and most authors consider that the benefit of the combination with spectinomycin in the treatment of swine dysentery lies rather in the extension of the spectrum to a broader range of organisms, i.e. spectinomycin would act against concurrent pathogens or on enteric bacteria establishing conditions in the gut favourable to the development of swine dysentery. 
V splošnem ni pomembnih dokazov medsebojnega sinergijskega delovanja linkomicina in spektinomicina in vitro pri B. hyodysenteriae, pri čemer večina avtorjev meni, da kombinacija s spektinomicinom pri zdravljenju prašičje dizenterije koristi predvsem zato, ker razširja spekter na večji nabor organizmov, tj. spektinomicin deluje proti sočasnim patogenom ali na enterične bakterije, ki v črevesu vzpostavljajo ugodne pogoje za razvoj prašičje dizenterije.
When considering lincomycin in vitro susceptibility data against B. hyodysenteriae, even if differences occur between geographical areas, and variability arises from the absence of standardised testing methodology, it appears clearly that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range is broad and http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/veterinary/referrals/LincoSpectin_100_and_associated_names/vet_referral_000097.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac05805c5170 
Tudi če pri preučevanju podatkov o občutljivosti linkomicina in vitro za B. hyodysenteriae med geografskimi območji prihaja do razlik in se zaradi odsotnosti standardizirane metodologije testiranja http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/veterinary/referrals/LincoSpectin_100_and_associated_names/vet_referral_000097.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac05805c5170
For pigs and poultry three pharmaceutical forms for oral administration exist with a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin - premixes for medicated feeding stuff, powders to be administered with the feed and powders for use in drinking water. 
Za prašiče in perutnino obstajajo tri farmacevtske oblike za peroralno dajanje s kombinacijo linkomicina in spektinomicina - predmešanica za zdravilno krmno mešanico, praški za dajanje v krmo in praški za dajanje v vodo za pitje.
Any other product use than powders for use in drinking water entails a risk of treatment failure and of resistance development in pathogenic and commensal bacteria through unnecessary or inadequate exposure to the antimicrobial agents, and is not counterbalanced by a demonstrated benefit. 
Posledica uporabe zdravila, ki ni v obliki praškov za dajanje v vodo za pitje, predstavlja tveganje, da zdravljenje ne bo uspešno in da se bo prek nepotrebne ali neustrezne izpostavljenosti protimikrobnim sredstvom pri patogenih in komenzalnih bakterijah razvila odpornost, tega tveganja pa dokazana korist ne odtehta.
Therefore the overall benefit-risk balance for veterinary medicinal products containing a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin as powders for use in drinking water, remains positive and the product information should be amended in line with the recommended changes in Annex III. 
Zato splošno razmerje med tveganji in koristmi za zdravila za uporabo v veterinarski medicini, ki vsebujejo kombinacijo linkomicina in spektinomicina, v obliki praškov za dajanje v vodo za pitje, ostaja pozitivno, informacije o zdravilu pa je treba spremeniti v skladu s priporočenimi spremembami v Prilogi III.
Overall summary of the scientific evaluation of veterinary medicinal products containing a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin to be administered orally to pigs and/or poultry (see Annex I) 
Splošni povzetek znanstvenega vrednotenja zdravil za uporabo v veterinarski medicini, ki vsebujejo kombinacijo linkomicina in spektinomicina, za peroralno dajanje prašičem in/ali perutnini (glejte Prilogo I)
the CVMP has recommended the withdrawal of the marketing authorisations for premixes for medicated feeding stuff and powders to be administered with the feed to pigs and/or chickens containing a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin as referred in Annex I. 
Odbor CVMP priporoča umik dovoljenj za promet z zdravili za predmešanice za zdravilno krmno mešanico in praške za dajanje v krmo za prašiče in/ali piščance, ki vsebujejo kombinacijo linkomicina in spektinomicina, kot je navedeno v Prilogi I.
Only one study with premixes for medicated feeding stuff containing the combination lincomycinspectinomycin against swine dysentery was submitted. 
Predložena je bila le ena študija s predmešanicami za zdravilno krmno mešanico, ki je vsebovala kombinacijo linkomicina in spektinomicina proti prašičji dizenteriji.
Amendments in the relevant sections of the summary of product characteristics, labelling and package leaflet for all powders for use in drinking water containing a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin to be administered orally to pigs and/or chickens 
Spremembe v ustreznih poglavjih povzetka glavnih značilnosti zdravila, označevanja in navodil za uporabo za vse praške za dajanje v vodo za pitje, ki vsebujejo kombinacijo linkomicina in spektinomicina, za peroralno dajanje prašičem in/ali piščancem
In view of the available in vitro susceptibility and clinical data in pigs, it appears that the combination is justified on theoretical grounds by its extended spectrum of activity, in the case of swine dysentery caused by B. hyodysenteriae and associated enteric pathogens susceptible to spectinomycin. 
Na podlagi razpoložljivih podatkov o občutljivosti in vitro in kliničnih podatkov pri prašičih se zdi, da je kombinacija teoretično upravičena zaradi svojega razširjenega spektra delovanja v primeru prašičje dizenterije, ki jo povzročajo B. hyodysenteriae in sorodni enterični patogeni, občutljivi na spektinomicin.
Also pharmacovigilance data do not indicate a risk of MRL violation. 
Tudi farmakovigilančni podatki ne kažejo tveganja za kršitev pravil o najvišjih dovoljenih količinah ostankov zdravila.
16,65 g/100 g 
16,65 g/100
Furthermore the CVMP recommended variations of the marketing authorisations for powders for use in drinking water containing a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin to be administered orally to pigs and/or chickens (see Annex I) in order to amend the summaries of product characteristics, labelling and package leaflets in line with recommended changes in the product information as set out in Annex III. 
Poleg tega je priporočil spremembe dovoljenj za promet z zdravili za praške za dajanje v vodo za pitje, ki vsebujejo kombinacijo linkomicina in spektinomicina, za peroralno dajanje prašičem in/ali piščancem (glejte Prilogo I), da bo mogoče spremeniti povzetke glavnih značilnosti zdravila, označevanje in navodila za uporabo v skladu s priporočenimi spremembami informacij o zdravilu, kot so navedene v Prilogi III.
Therefore there is no need to change the currently approved withdrawal periods for the products under assessment. 
Zato pri ocenjevanih zdravilih ni potrebe po spreminjanju trenutno odobrenih karenc.
The use of premixes for medicated feeding stuff or powders to be administered with the feed containing a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin is currently recommended at relatively low doses and for prolonged periods, which infers use for growth promotion. 
Uporaba predmešanic za zdravilno krmno mešanico ali praškov za dajanje v krmo, ki vsebujejo kombinacijo linkomicina in spektinomicina, je trenutno priporočena v sorazmerno nizkih odmerkih in podaljšanih časovnih obdobjih, kar kaže na uporabo za spodbujanje rasti.
Extensive data are available in relation to the treatment of swine dysentery caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and associated enteric pathogens, and for the treatment of porcine proliferative enteropathy caused by Lawsonia intracellularis. 
V zvezi z zdravljenjem prašičje dizenterije, ki jo povzročajo Brachyspira hyodysenteriae in sorodni enterični patogeni, ter za zdravljenje prašičje proliferativne enteropatije, ki jo povzroča Lawsonia intracellularis, so na voljo obsežni podatki.
However, some attempts were made to establish relationships between MIC values and the clinical outcome, using limited clinical and/or PK (colonic content concentration) data. 
Vendar so bili z uporabo omejenih kliničnih in/ali farmakokinetičnih podatkov (koncentraciji vsebnosti v debelem črevesu) izvedeni nekateri poskusi vzpostavitve povezav med vrednostmi MIK in kliničnim izidom.
Where the following target species have already been approved, the following withdrawal periods apply: 
Kadar je bila uporaba pri naslednjih ciljnih živalskih vrstah že odobrena, veljajo naslednje karence: 10.
No appropriate efficacy data or no data at all have been presented regarding the other indications currently approved for the group of products under assessment. 
V zvezi z drugimi indikacijami, ki so trenutno odobrene za skupino ocenjevanih zdravil, niso bili predstavljeni ustrezni podatki o učinkovitosti ali pa sploh nobeni podatki.
In a GCP-compliant randomised, blinded and negatively controlled challenge study, chickens were treated with powder for use in drinking water containing a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin against induced E. coli, M. gallisepticum and combined E. coli plus M. gallisepticum infection. 
V randomizirani, slepi provokacijski študiji z negativno kontrolno skupino, skladni z dobro klinično prakso, so bili piščanci zdravljeni s praškom za dajanje v vodo za pitje, ki je vseboval kombinacijo linkomicina in spektinomicina proti sproženi okužbi z E. coli in M. gallisepticum ter sproženi okužbi s kombiniranima E. coli in M. gallisepticum.
Indications, dosages and residue data in poultry species other than chickens 
Indikacije, odmerki in podatki o ostankih pri vrstah perutnine, ki niso piščanci
For the treatment and metaphylaxis of porcine proliferative enteropathy (ileitis) caused by Lawsonia intracellularis, and associated enteric pathogens (Escherichia coli) susceptible to lincomycin and spectinomycin. 
Za zdravljenje in metafilakso prašičje proliferativne enteropatije (ileitisa), ki ga povzročajo Lawsonia intracellularis in sorodni enterični patogeni (Escherichia coli), občutljivi na linkomicin in spektinomicin.
Due to technical constraints the susceptibility of L. intracellularis is difficult to test in vitro, and data about the lincomycin-spectinomycin resistance status in that species are lacking. 
Zaradi tehničnih omejitev je občutljivost L. intracellularis težko preskusiti in vitro, podatkov o stanju odpornosti proti kombinaciji linkomicina in spektinomicina pri tej vrsti pa ni dovolj.
MICOSPECTONE 166,5 mg + 333,5 mg prášok na perorálny roztok 
MICOSPECTONE 166,5 mg + 333,5 mg prášok na perorálny roztok prašički, piščanci
Grounds for withdrawal of the marketing authorisations for premixes for medicated feeding stuff and powders to be administered with the feed containing a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin and variation of the marketing authorisations for powders for use in drinking water containing a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin 
Razlogi za umik dovoljenj za promet z zdravili za predmešanice za zdravilno krmno mešanico in praške za dajanje v krmo, ki vsebujejo kombinacijo linkomicina in spektinomicina, ter spremembo dovoljenj za promet z zdravili za praške za dajanje v vodo za pitje, ki vsebujejo kombinacijo linkomicina in spektinomicina
that most of the isolates show an increased MIC in a bacterial population where the wild-type is reduced (or even absent). 
pojavlja variabilnost, je jasno razvidno, da je območje minimalne inhibicijske koncentracije (MIK) široko in da večina izolatov kaže povečano MIK v bakterijski populaciji, v kateri je divjega tipa manj (ali pa ga sploh ni).
Despite the poor in vitro activity of the active substances against L. intracellularis, which appears from the scarce data available, the results of a relatively recent, multicentric field study support efficacy of the lincomycin-spectinomycin combination at a dose of 3.33 mg lincomycin and 6.67 mg spectinomycin/kg bw/day for 7 days in drinking water. 
Kljub slabemu delovanju zdravilnih učinkovin proti L. intracellularis in vitro, ki izhaja iz redkih razpoložljivih podatkov, rezultati dokaj nedavne, multicentrične terenske študije podpirajo učinkovitost kombinacije linkomicina in spektinomicina v odmerku 3,33 mg linkomicina in 6,67 mg spektinomicina na kg telesne mase na dan s časom zdravljenja sedem dni v vodi za pitje.
From the data provided, it appears that within the lincomycin-spectinomycin combination only lincomycin is active against the primary causal agent of swine dysentery, the anaerobic spirochete B. hyodysenteriae, which is intrinsically resistant to spectinomycin. 
Iz predloženih podatkov se zdi, da v kombinaciji linkomicina in spektinomicina proti primarnemu povzročitelju prašičje dizenterije, anaerobni spiroheti B. hyodysenteriae, ki je naravno odporna proti spektinomicinu, učinkuje le linkomicin.
On the basis of in vitro tests, some have hypothesised that a metabolite or degradation product of spectinomycin was produced in the gut and was able to reach the infection site and interfere with E. coli adherence to the respiratory mucosa. 
Na podlagi testov in vitro je bila postavljena hipoteza, da se v črevesu tvori presnovek ali produkt razgradnje spektinomicina, ki doseže mesto okužbe in ovira priraščanje E. coli na sluznico dihal.
24192 León Spain 
León-Vilecha, 30 24192 León Spain
The available clinical data show that the combination, administered in the drinking water at a dose of 3.33 mg lincomycin and 6.67 mg spectinomycin/kg bw/day for 7 days (i.e. the harmonised dose for Linco-Spectin 100), is clinically effective in treating mixed infections involving B. hyodysenteriae and other enteric pathogens targeted by spectinomycin, and that in those situations it is superior to the individual substances. 
Klinični podatki, ki so na voljo, kažejo, da je kombinacija, dana v vodo za pitje, v odmerku 3,33 mg linkomicina in 6,67 mg spektinomicina na kilogram telesne mase na dan s časom zdravljenja 7 dni (tj. v usklajenem odmerku za zdravilo Linco-Spectin 100) klinično učinkovita pri zdravljenju mešanih okužb, ki vključujejo B. hyodysenteriae in druge enterične patogene, proti katerim je usmerjen spektinomicin, ter da v teh položajih kombinacija deluje bolje od posameznih snovi.
2 under Article 35 of Directive 2001/82/EC for veterinary medicinal products containing tylosin to be administered orally via feed or the drinking water to pigs, the CVMP recommended the indication ‘swine dysentery caused by B. hyodysenteriae' to be deleted from the http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/veterinary/referrals/Veterinary_medicinal_products_cont aining_tylosin_to_be_administered_orally_via_feed_or_the_drinking_water_to_pigs/vet_referral_000098.jsp&mid=WC0b01 ac05805c5170 
2 v skladu s členom 35 Direktive 2001/82/ES za http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/veterinary/referrals/Veterinary_medicinal_products_cont aining_tylosin_to_be_administered_orally_via_feed_or_the_drinking_water_to_pigs/vet_referral_000098.jsp&mid=WC0b01 ac05805c5170
Pigs: 3.33 mg lincomycin and 6.67 mg spectinomycin/kg bw/day, for 7 days. 
Prašiči: 3,33 mg linkomicina in 6,67 mg spektinomicina na kg telesne mase na dan s časom zdravljenja 7 dni.
PYANOSID, geriamieji milteliai g/146,36 g g/146,36 g 
PYANOSID, geriamieji milteliai g/146,36 g g/146,36 g prašiči, perutnina (brojlerji, mlade kokoši) in purani