natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
EN 2020 05 Sustainable use of plant protection products: limited progress in measuring and reducing risks Special Report 
SL 2020 05 Trajnostna raba fitofarmacevtskih sredstev: omejen napredek pri merjenju in zmanjševanju tveganj Posebno poročilo
Annexes Annex I Key EU rules on PPPs Annex II Key steps in assessing PPP safety in the EU Annex III The general principles of IPM as defined in Annex III to the directive Terms and abbreviations Replies of the Commission Audit team Timeline 3 
Priloge Priloga I – Ključna pravila EU o fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih Priloga II – Ključni koraki pri ocenjevanju varnosti fitofarmacevtskih sredstev v EU Priloga III – Splošna načela integriranega varstva rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi, kot so opredeljena v Prilogi III k direktivi Glosar in kratice Odgovori Komisije Revizijska ekipa Časovnica 3
Executive summary I Plant protection products (PPP) are pesticides which farmers use to protect crops against harmful organisms, pests and diseases. 
POVZETEK I Fitofarmacevtska sredstva (FFS) so pesticidi, ki jih kmetje uporabljajo za zaščito pridelkov pred škodljivimi organizmi, škodljivci in boleznimi.
In the EU, sales of the active substances used in PPPs exceed 350 000 tons per year. 
V EU prodaja aktivnih snovi, ki se uporabljajo v fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih, presega 350 000 ton na leto.
PPPs can impact water and soil quality, biodiversity and ecosystems, and they can end up as residues in food. 
Fitofarmacevtska sredstva lahko vplivajo na kakovost voda in tal, biotsko raznovrstnost in ekosisteme, njihovi ostanki pa lahko končajo tudi v živilih.
II Since 1991, the EU has built up a framework of legislation to authorise PPP, promote their sustainable use and reduce the risk that using PPP poses for human health and the environment. 
II EU je leta 1991 začela vzpostavljati okvir zakonodaje za registracijo fitofarmacevtskih sredstev, spodbujanje njihove trajnostne rabe in zmanjšanje tveganja, ki ga raba fitofarmacevtskih sredstev pomeni za zdravje ljudi in okolje.
The Commission approves active substances that can be used in PPPs authorised in the Member States and checks that Member States implement the relevant EU legislation. 
Komisija odobri aktivne snovi, ki se lahko uporabljajo v fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih, registriranih v državah članicah, in preverja, ali države članice izvajajo ustrezno zakonodajo EU.
It also promotes integrated pest management to encourage the use of preventive, natural or other non-chemical methods of pest control before turning to PPPs. 
Spodbuja tudi integrirano varstvo rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi, s čimer želi dati prednost uporabi preventivnih, naravnih ali drugih nekemičnih metod zatiranja škodljivih organizmov pred uporabo fitofarmacevtskih sredstev.
III The Commission is currently evaluating the legislation in this policy area against a background of increasing public and parliamentary concern regarding the risks associated with the use of pesticides. 
III Komisija zaradi vse večje zaskrbljenosti javnosti in Parlamenta glede tveganj, povezanih z rabo pesticidov, trenutno ocenjuje zakonodajo na tem področju.
Our work was designed to complement this process. 
Delo Sodišča je bilo zasnovano tako, da ta proces dopolnjuje.
IV Our main objective was to assess whether EU action has reduced the risk related to PPP use. 
IV Glavni cilj Sodišča je bil oceniti, ali se je zaradi ukrepanja EU zmanjšalo tveganje, povezano z rabo fitofarmacevtskih sredstev.
The Commission and Member States have taken action to promote the sustainable use of PPPs. 
Komisija in države članice so sprejele ukrepe za spodbujanje trajnostne rabe fitofarmacevtskih sredstev.
However, we found that there is limited progress in measuring and reducing the risks of PPP use. 
Vendar je Sodišče ugotovilo, da je napredek pri merjenju in zmanjševanju tveganj v zvezi z rabo fitofarmacevtskih sredstev omejen.
Our work showed that EU action for sustainable use of PPPs was off to a slow start and allowed us to identify weaknesses in the current EU framework, as set out in this report. 
Pri delu Sodišča se je pokazalo, da so se ukrepi EU za trajnostno rabo fitofarmacevtskih sredstev začeli izvajati počasi, ugotovljene pa so bile tudi slabosti v sedanjem okviru EU, kot je prikazano v tem poročilu.
V We examined whether EU legislation provided effective incentives to reduce PPP dependency. 
V Sodišče je preučilo, ali so bile v zakonodaji EU določene spodbude za uspešno zmanjšanje odvisnosti od fitofarmacevtskih sredstev.
EU rules require farmers to apply integrated pest management, meaning that they should only turn to PPPs if prevention and other methods fail or are not effective. 
V skladu s pravili EU morajo kmetje uporabljati integrirano varstvo rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi, kar pomeni, da fitofarmacevtska sredstva lahko uporabijo le, če preprečevanje in druge metode ne delujejo ali niso uspešne.
VI The common agricultural policy can help support sustainable PPP use through, for example, compulsory farm advisory systems and by providing financial support to measures such as organic farming and environmental schemes. 
VI S skupno kmetijsko politiko se lahko prispeva k spodbujanju trajnostne rabe fitofarmacevtskih sredstev, na primer v okviru obveznih sistemov kmetijskega 4 svetovanja in z zagotavljanjem finančne podpore ukrepom, kot so ekološko kmetovanje in okoljske sheme.
Linking payments under the common agricultural policy to legal requirements can help in enforcing those rules, but applying integrated pest management is currently not a requirement for receiving payments under the common agricultural policy. 4 
Povezovanje plačil v okviru skupne kmetijske politike s pravnimi zahtevami lahko pomaga pri izvrševanju teh pravil, vendar pa uporaba integriranega varstva rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi trenutno ni zahteva, ki jo je treba izpolnjevati za prejemanje plačil skupne kmetijske politike.
VII Giving farmers access to alternative methods and lower risk products can help them in applying integrated pest management. 
VII Omogočanje dostopa kmetov do alternativnih metod in proizvodov z manjšim tveganjem lahko kmetom pomaga pri uporabi integriranega varstva rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi.
The EU created a category of ‘low-risk PPP’ in 2009, but few of these have been made available for use to date. 
EU je leta 2009 ustvarila kategorijo fitofarmacevtskih sredstev z majhnim tveganjem, vendar je bilo doslej le malo teh sredstev danih v uporabo.
VIII We examined whether the Commission and Member States measured the risk and environmental impacts of PPP use and found that data collected and made available was not sufficient to allow effective monitoring. 
VIII Sodišče je preučilo, ali so Komisija in države članice izmerile tveganje rabe fitofarmacevtskih sredstev in njene vplive na okolje, in ugotovilo, da podatki, ki so bili zbrani in dani na voljo, niso zadostovali za uspešno spremljanje.
Available EU statistics on PPP sales are aggregated on a too high level to be useful and those on the agricultural use of PPP were not comparable. 
Razpoložljivi statistični podatki EU o prodaji fitofarmacevtskih sredstev so zbrani na previsoki ravni, da bi bili koristni, poleg tega pa statistični podatki o rabi fitofarmacevtskih sredstev v kmetijstvu niso primerljivi.
IX In November 2019, the Commission published its estimate of two new harmonised risk indicators. 
IX Komisija je novembra 2019 objavila oceno dveh novih usklajenih kazalnikov tveganja.
Neither indicator shows the extent to which the directive has been successful in achieving the EU objective of sustainable use of PPPs. 
Iz nobenega od kazalnikov ni razvidno, kako uspešna je bila direktiva pri doseganju cilja EU o trajnostni rabi fitofarmacevtskih sredstev.
X Based on these findings, we recommend that the Commission should: (1) check that the Member States convert the general principles of integrated pest management into practical criteria and that they verify them at farm level, allowing them to be linked to payments under the common agricultural policy in the post-2020 period; (2) improve statistics on PPPs when revising the legislation to make them more accessible, useful and comparable; and (3) to assess the progress made towards policy objectives, improve the harmonised risk indicators, or develop new ones, taking account of the use of PPPs. 5 
X Sodišče na podlagi teh ugotovitev Komisiji priporoča, naj: (1) preveri, ali države članice splošna načela integriranega varstva rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi preoblikujejo v praktična merila in ali jih preverjajo na ravni kmetij, na podlagi česar bi jih bilo mogoče povezati s plačili v okviru skupne kmetijske politike v obdobju po letu 2020; (2) pri spremembi zakonodaje izboljša statistične podatke o fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih, da bodo dostopnejši, koristnejši in primerljivejši, ter (3) za oceno napredka pri uresničevanju ciljev politike izboljša usklajena kazalnika tveganja ali razvije nove ter pri tem upošteva rabo fitofarmacevtskih sredstev. 5
Introduction EU policy on plant protection products 01 Plant protection products (PPP) are pesticides used to combat harmful organisms, pests and diseases, influence the life processes of plants, preserve plant products, or destroy or prevent growth of undesired plants or parts of plants. 
Uvod Politika EU o fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih 01 Fitofarmacevtska sredstva so pesticidi, ki se uporabljajo za zatiranje škodljivih organizmov, škodljivcev in bolezni, za vplivanje na življenjske procese rastlin, za konzerviranje rastlinskih proizvodov ali uničenje ali preprečevanje rasti nezaželenih rastlin ali delov rastlin.
PPPs include insecticides, fungicides and herbicides. 
Mednje spadajo insekticidi, fungicidi in herbicidi.
02 Using PPPs can put pressure on the environment; it can pose risks to ground and surface water quality, soil quality, biodiversity, ecosystems and to human health, including through residues in food. 
02 Uporaba fitofarmacevtskih sredstev lahko povzroči pritisk na okolje, saj lahko pomeni tveganje za kakovost podzemnih in površinskih voda, kakovost tal, biotsko raznovrstnost, ekosisteme in zdravje ljudi, med drugim z ostanki v živilih.
PPPs sprayed on fields can enter the surrounding land and water (see Figure 1). 
Fitofarmacevtska sredstva, ki se škropijo po poljih, lahko vstopijo v okoliško zemljo in vodo (glej sliko 1).
PPPs affect plants and animals and can contribute to biodiversity loss1, including reductions in insect populations. 
Fitofarmacevtska sredstva vplivajo na rastline in živali ter lahko prispevajo k izgubi biotske raznovrstnosti1, vključno z zmanjšanjem populacij žuželk.
For example, the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services identified PPPs as one of the drivers of a declining pollinators’ population2. 
Na primer, Medvladna platforma o biološki raznovrstnosti in ekosistemskih storitvah je fitofarmacevtska sredstva opredelila kot enega od gibal upadanja števila opraševalcev2.
6 1 2 Geiger, F. et al, “Persistent negative effects of pesticides on biodiversity and biological control potential on European farmland”, Basic and Applied Ecology, Elsevier Gmbh, 2010, p. 
6 1 2 Geiger, F. in drugi, Persistent negative effects of pesticides on biodiversity and biological control potential on European farmland, Basic and Applied Ecology, Elsevier Gmbh, 2010, str.
IPBES, “The assessment report of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services on pollinators, pollination and food production Ecosystem Services on pollinators, pollination and food production”, Secretariat of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, Bonn, Germany, 2016. 
IPBES, The assessment report of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services on pollinators, pollination and food production Ecosystem Services on pollinators, pollination and food production, Sekretariat Medvladne platforme o biološki raznovrstnosti in ekosistemskih storitvah, Bonn, Nemčija, 2016.
Figure 1 – How PPPs can put pressure on the environment 7 Source: Clearwater,R.L.,T.MartinandT.Hoppe(eds.),“EnvironmentalsustainabilityofCanadian agriculture: Agri-environmental indicator report series – Report #4”, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, 2016, p. 
Slika 1 – Kako lahko fitofarmacevtska sredstva povzročijo pritisk na okolje Fotorazgradnja 7 Izpiranje zaradi padavin Vir: Clearwater, R. L., T. Martin in T. Hoppe (ur.), Environmental sustainability of Canadian agriculture: Agri-environmental indicator report series – Report #4, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (ministrstvo za kmetijstvo in kmetijska živila Kanade), Ottawa, 2016, str.
03 Since 1991, the EU has had common rules on authorisation and use of PPPs (Member States previously had their own laws). 
Suho odlaganje 03 Od leta 1991 ima EU skupna pravila za registracijo in uporabo fitofarmacevtskih sredstev (pred tem so države članice imele svoje zakone).
Annex I sets out the most important EU legislation on PPPs. 
V Prilogi I je navedena najpomembnejša zakonodaja EU na področju fitofarmacevtskih sredstev.
All PPPs undergo a two-step authorisation procedure: the Commission first approves active substances; after that, Member States can authorise commercial forms of PPPs containing approved active substances (see Annex II). 
Za vsa fitofarmacevtska sredstva se uporablja dvostopenjski postopek registracije: ko Komisija odobri aktivne snovi, lahko države članice registrirajo komercialne oblike fitofarmacevtskih sredstev, ki vsebujejo odobrene aktivne snovi (glej Prilogo II).
EU approval criteria state that PPPs shall not have any harmful effects on human or animal health, and no unacceptable effects on the environment. 
V merilih EU za odobritev je navedeno, da fitofarmacevtska sredstva nimajo škodljivih učinkov na zdravje ljudi ali živali in nesprejemljivih učinkov na okolje.
04 Member States regularly provide PPP statistics to the Commission and Eurostat publishes annual EU statistics related to active substances contained in PPPs sold3. 
04 Države članice Komisiji redno zagotavljajo statistične podatke o fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih, Eurostat pa objavlja letne statistične podatke EU o aktivnih snoveh, ki jih vsebujejo prodana fitofarmacevtska sredstva3.
However, PPP sales do not directly correlate with the risks and impacts associated with their use. 
Vendar pa prodaja fitofarmacevtskih sredstev ni neposredno povezana s tveganji in učinki, ki se povezujejo z njihovo uporabo.
Risks and impacts posed by PPPs vary depending on their active substances, but also their composition and where, when and how users apply them in practice. 
Tveganja in učinki, povezani s fitofarmacevtskimi sredstvi, se razlikujejo glede na njihove aktivne snovi, pa tudi njihovo sestavo in glede na to, kje, kdaj in kako jih uporabniki uporabljajo v praksi.
Figure 2 – Total sales of active substances used in PPPs (EU 28) Source: ECA, based on data available on Eurostat website (dataset retrieved on 22/07/2019). This data excludes confidential information, according to Eurostat estimate representing < 3 % of sales over the full dataset. 
Slika 2 – Skupna prodaja aktivnih snovi, ki se uporabljajo v fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih (EU-28) Vir: Evropsko računsko sodišče na podlagi podatkov, ki so na voljo na spletišču Eurostata (podatkovni nabor, pridobljen 22. julija 2019) Ti podatki ne vključujejo zaupnih informacij, ki po oceni Eurostata predstavljajo manj kot 3 % prodaje v celotnem podatkovnem naboru.
05 The 2009 directive on sustainable use of pesticides4 (“the directive”) establishes a framework to achieve sustainable use of PPPs by reducing the risks and impacts of PPP use on human health and the environment and promoting integrated pest management (IPM). 
05 V direktivi o trajnostni rabi pesticidov iz leta 20094 (v nadaljnjem besedilu: direktiva) je določen okvir za doseganje trajnostne rabe fitofarmacevtskih sredstev, in sicer z zmanjševanjem tveganj rabe fitofarmacevtskih sredstev za zdravje ljudi in okolje in njenih učinkov nanje ter s spodbujanjem integriranega varstva rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi.
Directive 2009/128/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 establishing a framework for Community action to achieve the sustainable use of pesticides. 
06 Integrirano varstvo rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi je koncept, ki izhaja iz sedemdesetih let prejšnjega stoletja in se osredotoča zlasti na preprečevanje napada Direktiva 2009/128/ES Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 21. oktobra 2009 o določitvi okvira za ukrepe Skupnosti za doseganje trajnostne rabe pesticidov.
06 IPM is a concept stemming from the 1970s that focuses in particular on preventing pest infestation and takes advantage of sustainable farming practices such as rotating different crops and selecting pest resistant seeds. 
škodljivih organizmov. Pri njem se uporabljajo trajnostni načini kmetovanja, kot so kolobarjenje in izbira semen, odpornih na škodljive organizme.
It also includes monitoring of pests and setting sound threshold values that help to decide whether and when pest control is needed. 
Vključuje tudi spremljanje škodljivih organizmov in določanje utemeljenih mejnih vrednosti, na podlagi katerih se je mogoče lažje odločiti, ali in kdaj je potrebno zatiranje škodljivih organizmov.
Compared to routine application of PPPs, IPM is a more environmentally friendly approach combining ‘common sense’ practices. 
V primerjavi z rutinsko uporabo fitofarmacevtskih sredstev je integrirano varstvo rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi okolju prijaznejši pristop, ki združuje zdravorazumske prakse.
IPM is a means to reduce PPP dependency: when applying IPM, farmers use chemical PPPs only if necessary after exhausting preventive, physical, biological or other non-chemical methods of pest control (see Figure 3). 
Integrirano varstvo rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi je sredstvo za zmanjšanje odvisnosti od fitofarmacevtskih sredstev: v okviru integriranega varstva rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi kmetje kemična fitofarmacevtska sredstva uporabijo le, če je to potrebno, potem ko so izčrpali preventivne, fizične, biološke ali druge nekemične metode zatiranja škodljivih organizmov (glej sliko 3).
IPM is an important part of the EU’s PPP policy and became mandatory in 20145. 
Integrirano varstvo rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi je pomemben del politike EU o fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih in je postalo obvezno leta 20145.
The 2009 PPP regulation6 (“the PPP regulation”) introduced the concept of low-risk PPPs. 
Z uredbo o fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih iz leta 20096 je bil uveden koncept fitofarmacevtskih sredstev z majhnim tveganjem.
As of September 2019, 16 active substances were approved as low-risk (3 % of the approved active substances). 
Od septembra 2019 je bilo odobrenih 16 aktivnih snovi z majhnim tveganjem (3 % odobrenih aktivnih snovi).
In addition, the PPP regulation introduced the concept of ‘basic substances’; the EU has approved 20 such substances that are predominantly used for purposes other than plant protection (e.g. in food). 
Poleg tega je bil z uredbo o fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih uveden koncept osnovnih snovi; EU je odobrila 20 takšnih snovi, ki se običajno ne uporabljajo za namene varstva rastlin (npr. v živilih).
08 The Commission, Member States and PPP users (e.g. farmers) all play a role in the EU’s PPP policy. 
08 Komisija, države članice in uporabniki fitofarmacevtskih sredstev (npr. kmetje) imajo vsi pomembno vlogo pri politiki EU o fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih.
Figure 4 sets out some of the key responsibilities relevant for this report. 
Na sliki 4 so prikazane nekatere od ključnih pristojnosti, ki so pomembne za to poročilo.
Figure 4 – Key responsibilities for EU PPP policy The European Commission • The Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety (DG SANTE) is responsible for the EU’s PPP policy: it prepares Commission decisions on whether to approve the active substances used in PPPs and carries out audits to ensure that Member States properly implement the relevant EU legislation. 
Slika 4 – Ključne pristojnosti v okviru politike EU o fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih Evropska komisija • Generalni direktorat za zdravje in varnost hrane (GD SANTE) je odgovoren za politiko EU o fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih: pripravlja sklepe Komisije o odobritvi aktivnih snovi, ki se uporabljajo v fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih, in izvaja revizije za zagotovitev, da države članice ustrezno izvajajo zadevno zakonodajo EU.
Member States • Member States authorise PPPs for use in their territories. 
Države članice • Države članice registrirajo fitofarmacevtska sredstva za uporabo na svojem ozemlju.
They are responsible for implementing the directive and have to develop national action plans explaining how they aim to reduce the risks and impacts of PPP use, including quantified targets and timetables. 
Odgovorne so za izvajanje direktive in morajo pripraviti nacionalne akcijske načrte, v katerih pojasnijo, kako nameravajo zmanjšati tveganja in učinke v zvezi z uporabo fitofarmacevtskih sredstev, vključno z navedbo količinsko opredeljenih ciljnih vrednosti in časovnih okvirov.
Farmers • Farmers must apply the principles of good plant-protection practice, using PPPs as instructed on the label, and comply with the directive, including the IPM principles. Source: ECA. 
Kmetje • Kmetje morajo uporabljati načela dobre prakse pri varstvu rastlin, pri čemer morajo fitofarmacevtska sredstva uporabljati po navodilih na oznaki in upoštevati direktivo, vključno z načeli integriranega varstva rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi.
Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market and repealing Council Directives 79/117/EEC and 91/414/EEC. 
1107/2009 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 21. oktobra 2009 o dajanju fitofarmacevtskih sredstev v promet in razveljavitvi direktiv Sveta 79/117/EGS in 91/414/EGS.
10 6 7 Point 5 of Annex II to the PPP regulation sets out the EU criteria for low-risk substances. 
V točki 5 Priloge II k uredbi o fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih so določena merila EU za snovi z majhnim tveganjem.
Audit scope and approach 09 We decided to carry out an audit in the area of the EU’s PPP policy because of increasing interest from the public and our stakeholders (including the European Parliament). 
Obseg revizije in revizijski pristop 09 Sodišče se je odločilo, da zaradi vse večjega zanimanja javnosti in deležnikov Sodišča (med katerimi je tudi Evropski parlament) izvede revizijo na področju politike EU o fitofarmacevtskih sredstvih.
The Commission is currently evaluating the legislation in this policy area, and we expect our report to complement this evaluation. 
Komisija trenutno izvaja vrednotenje zakonodaje na tem področju, Sodišče pa želi s svojim poročilom to vrednotenje dopolniti.
10 Our main objective was to assess whether EU action has reduced the risk related to PPP use, focusing on the period following the 2009 revision of the EU PPP framework (see Annex I for a list of related key EU rules). 
10 Glavni cilj Sodišča je bil oceniti, ali se je zaradi ukrepanja EU zmanjšalo tveganje, povezano z rabo fitofarmacevtskih sredstev, pri čemer se je Sodišče osredotočilo na obdobje po pregledu okvira EU za fitofarmacevtska sredstva leta 2009 (za seznam ključnih s tem povezanih pravil EU glej Prilogo I).
To answer this question, we examined whether: o the EU framework provides incentives to reduce PPP dependency, including enforcing IPM and discouraging the use of ‘standard’ and higher risk PPPs; and o the Commission and Member States measure the risk and environmental impacts of PPP use. 
Da bi odgovorilo na to vprašanje, je Sodišče preučilo, ali: o okvir EU zagotavlja spodbude za zmanjšanje odvisnosti od fitofarmacevtskih sredstev, vključno z izvrševanjem integriranega varstva rastlin pred škodljivimi organizmi in odvračanjem od rabe standardnih fitofarmacevtskih sredstev in tistih z večjim tveganjem, o Komisija in države članice merijo tveganje, povezano z rabo fitofarmacevtskih sredstev, in učinke njihove rabe na okolje.
We did not seek to re-evaluate scientific assessments of PPPs. 
Namen revizije Sodišča ni bil ponovno vrednotenje znanstvenih ocen fitofarmacevtskih sredstev.