natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Three factors could explain the different rates of change: (i) the initial fiscal stance — the higher the initial structural deficit, the faster the pace of consolidation; (ii) the initial level of public debt — the higher the initial debt, the faster the pace of consolidation; (iii) differences in the recommendations made under the excessive deficit procedure concerning the need for a fiscal effort — the higher the recommended effort, the faster the pace of consolidation. 
Različne stopnje spremembe je mogoče pripisati trem dejavnikom: (i) prvotni fiskalni naravnanosti – čim večji je bil prvotni strukturni primanjkljaj, tem hitrejša je bila konsolidacija; (ii) prvotni ravni javnega dolga – čim večji je bil prvotni dolg, tem hitrejša je bila konsolidacija; (iii) razlikam v priporočilih v okviru postopka v zvezi s čezmernim primanjkljajem, ki so se nanašala na potrebo po fiskalnih prizadevanjih – čim večja prizadevanja so bila priporočena, tem hitrejša je bila konsolidacija.
90 Accounting for the cut-off dates of government statistical data, the following programme periods were assumed: Hungary 2009-2010; Latvia 2009-2011; Romania 2009-2012; Ireland and Portugal 2011-2013. 
90 Ob upoštevanju presečnih datumov v statističnih podatkih držav so bila upoštevana naslednja programska obdobja: Madžarska 2009–2020, Latvija 2009–2011, Romunija 2009–2012, Irska in Portugalska 2011–2013.
91 Based on the spring 2014 forecast data, obtained in accordance with ESA95. 
91 Na podlagi podatkov iz napovedi spomladi leta 2014, pridobljenih v skladu z ESR 95.
Part IV — Programmes met their objectives 63 151 An initial structural deficit was indicative of the pace of fiscal consolidation in all the beneficiary Member States except Ireland. 
Del IV – Programi so dosegli svoje cilje 63 151 Na podlagi prvotnega strukturnega primanjkljaja je bilo mogoče sklepati o hitrosti fiskalne konsolidacije v vseh državah članicah upravičenkah razen na Irskem.
Hungary had the lowest structural deficit at the start of the programme and experienced the slowest consolidation; Portugal had the highest structural deficit and the fastest pace of consolidation. 
Madžarska je imela ob začetku programa najnižji strukturni primanjkljaj in najpočasnejšo konsolidacijo. Portugalska je imela najvišji strukturni primanjkljaj in najhitrejšo konsolidacijo.
However, Ireland is an outlier in this analysis. 
Irska je izjema pri tej analizi.
From a similar starting point in 2010 to that of Portugal, its structural consolidation rate (net of banking and other one-off measures) was just under half as fast92. 152 There was no relationship between the initial level of public debt and the average fiscal effort made. 
Leta 2010 je bila v podobnem izhodiščnem položaju kot Portugalska, vendar je bila hitrost njene strukturne konsolidacije (brez bančnih in drugih enkratnih ukrepov) za več kot polovico nižja.92 152 Povezave med prvotno ravnjo javnega dolga in povprečnimi fiskalnimi prizadevanji ni bilo.
For instance, Romania’s public debt was the lowest in the five Member States, but its average fiscal effort was relatively high. 
Javni dolg Romunije je bil na primer najnižji v petih državah članicah, vendar so bila povprečna fiskalna prizadevanja razmeroma velika.
Ireland and Portugal registered very different average efforts despite a similar initial public debt. 
Na Irskem in Portugalskem so bila povprečna prizadevanja zelo različna, čeprav je bila prvotna raven javnega dolga podobna.
154 According to the Commission, one-off measures were needed to handle short-term pressures, but for targets to be met sustainably temporary measures had to be replaced by permanent measures. 
154 Po navedbah Komisije so bili enkratni ukrepi potrebni za obravnavo kratkoročnih pritiskov, vendar je bilo treba za trajno izpolnjevanje ciljev začasne ukrepe zamenjati s stalnimi.
92 This is also not explained by the difference in changes of the structural balance prior to the programme. 
92 Tega prav tako ne pojasnjuje razlika v spremembah strukturnega salda pred izvajanjem programa.
The Commission’s estimates indicate that the fiscal consolidation started in both countries in 2010 with a similar consolidation effort. 
Ocene Komisije kažejo, da se je fiskalna konsolidacija v obeh državah začela leta 2010 s podobnimi prizadevanji za konsolidacijo.
93 As a result of this transaction, Portugal took over the future pension liabilities. 
93 Rezultat te transakcije je bil, da je Portugalska prevzela bodoče pokojninske obveznosti.
Although these liabilities are not recognised as public debt according to the statistical framework, they negatively impact the sustainability of public debt. 
Čeprav v skladu s statističnim okvirom te obveznosti niso priznane kot javni dolg, kljub temu negativno vplivajo na vzdržnost javnega dolga.
Therefore, the measure only appeared to improve the debt position of the country. 
Zato se je samo zdelo, da je ukrep zmanjšal zadolženost države.
Part IV — Programmes met their objectives 64 Compliance with the conditions was high Member States eventually complied with at least 80 % of conditions 155 The Commission’s monitoring reports show that the Member States met the deadlines set in the memoranda of understanding with varying degrees of success. 
Del IV – Programi so dosegli svoje cilje 64 Dobro izpolnjevanje pogojev Države članice so sčasoma izpolnile vsaj 80 % pogojev 155 Poročila o spremljanju, ki jih je pripravljala Komisija, kažejo, da so države članice različno uspešno spoštovale roke, določene v memorandumu o soglasju.
While Portugal and Latvia complied with fewer than half of programme conditions on time, Hungary complied with almost three quarters. 
Portugalska in Latvija sta pravočasno izpolnili manj kot polovico programskih pogojev, Madžarska pa jih je izpolnila skoraj tri četrtine.
In Ireland and Portugal there were also significant differences in on-time compliance between the EU and IMF programmes. 
Na Irskem in Portugalskem je prihajalo tudi do bistvenih razlik pri pravočasnem izpolnjevanju pogojev iz programov EU in MDS.
Although countries might not meet an original deadline, they did often comply after a certain lapse of time. 
Četudi države pogojev niso izpolnile do zastavljenega roka, so jih pogosto izpolnile čez nekaj časa.
156 The Commission did not report on time on the compliance status of approximately 30 conditions (see paragraph 106). 
156 Komisija za približno 30 pogojev ni pravočasno poročala o njihovem izpolnjevanju (glej odstavek 106).
157 Where compliance was delayed, this was mostly for reasons beyond the Commission’s control: lengthy legislative procedures, national authorities’ failure to implement the agreed upon reforms, legal issues not initially considered, social resistance, etc. However, occasionally the initial time frame was unrealistic given the scale of the reform (e.g. civil service reform), the need for intensive cooperation by local or regional governments or the requirement for complex new IT. 
157 Kadar pogoji niso bili pravočasno izpolnjeni, Komisija na to večinoma ni imela vpliva: dolgotrajni zakonodajni postopki, nacionalni organi niso izvedli dogovorjenih reform, pravna vprašanja, ki prvotno niso bila upoštevana, družbeni odpor itd. Včasih je bil prvotni časovni okvir nerealen glede na obseg reforme (npr. reforma javne uprave), potrebo po intenzivnem sodelovanju z lokalnimi ali regionalnimi organi ali zahtevo po zapletenem novem sistemu IT.
158 Conditions with a high structural content were as likely to be complied with by the original deadline as conditions where the structural content was lower94. We found that conditions with a high structural content tended to score most highly for end-of-programme compliance. 
158 Verjetnost, da bodo izpolnjeni do prvotnega roka, je bila enaka za pogoje z veliko strukturne vsebine in za pogoje, pri katerih je bilo strukturne vsebine manj.94 Sodišče je ugotovilo, da so bili ob izteku programa najpogosteje izpolnjeni pogoji z veliko strukturne vsebine.
Initially, the Commission’s reviews did not ‘push’ countries to comply with the most important conditions on time; later, however, the focus partly shifted towards the most important reforms. 
Komisija v okviru pregledov sprva ni priganjala držav, naj pravočasno izpolnijo najpomembnejše pogoje; kasneje se je poudarek deloma preusmeril na najpomembnejše reforme.
Programmes prompted reforms, but occasionally the desired effects did not materialise 159 To determine the performance of a policy, it is necessary to establish causality between the policy and the effects observed. 
Programi so sprožili reforme, vendar želeni učinki občasno niso bili doseženi 159 Za oceno uspešnosti neke politike je treba ugotoviti vzročnost med politiko in opaženimi učinki.
For instance, the impact of reforms aimed at improving active labour market policies may be delayed in a weak labour market. 
Učinek reform, namenjenih izboljšanju aktivnih politik trga dela, je lahko na primer na šibkem trgu dela zapoznel.
Our analysis was further complicated by the fact that so little time has elapsed since the end of some of the programmes. 
Analizo Sodišča je dodatno zapletalo dejstvo, da je od izteka nekaterih programov preteklo tako malo časa.
Finally, the conditions often represented only a subset of the policy measures implemented during the programme period. 
Poleg tega so pogoji pogosto predstavljali le podskupino političnih ukrepov, izvedenih v programskem obdobju.
94 For the purpose of the audit, the importance of conditions was measured by their structural content: high, medium or low. 
94 Za namen revizije smo pomen pogojev merili glede na to, koliko strukturne vsebine imajo: veliko, srednje veliko ali malo.
Part IV — Programmes met their objectives 65 160 We deemed a condition to have been effective if: (i) the reforms were not reversed after the end of the programme but have been actively pursued by the Member State concerned; (ii) the available policy indicators or evaluations point to a clear improvement in the relevant area; and (iii) the desired effects were achieved. 
Del IV – Programi so dosegli svoje cilje 65 160 Sodišče je presodilo, da je bil pogoj uspešen, če: (i) reforme po izteku programa niso bile preklicane, temveč jih je zadevna država članica aktivno izvajala; (ii) razpoložljivi kazalniki ali vrednotenja politike kažejo na jasno izboljšanje na zadevnem področju ter (iii) so bili doseženi želeni učinki.
At the time of the audit, reversals were few and concerned mainly public-sector wage cuts (Hungary, Romania) and labour market reforms (Ireland and Portugal). 
V času revizije so bili preklici redki in so se v glavnem nanašali na zmanjšanje plač v javnem sektorju (Madžarska, Romunija) in reforme trga dela (Irska in Portugalska).
However, this observation does not exclude further reversals in the future. 
To opažanje pa ne izključuje nadaljnjih preklicev v prihodnosti.
Reversals were offset by alternative reforms, which were often not equivalent in terms of their potential impact. 
Preklici so bili izravnani z alternativnimi reformami, ki pogosto niso bile enakovredne glede na njihov potencialni učinek.
For instance, this was the case of compensatory measures for the return of the minimum wage to the initial level in Ireland, as well as compensatory measures for those declared unconstitutional in Portugal (see Box 9). 
Eden od takih primerov so bili izravnalni ukrepi za vrnitev minimalne plače na prvotno raven na Irskem in izravnalni ukrepi za ukrepe, ki so bili razglašeni za neustavne, na Portugalskem (glej okvir 9).
162 The programme period was too short for some complex reforms to be fully implemented before closure. 
162 Programsko obdobje je bilo prekratko, da bi nekatere kompleksne reforme v celoti izvedli pred iztekom programa.
Apart from the reversals mentioned above, countries continued with complex reforms after the end of the programme. 
Z izjemo preklicev, navedenih zgoraj, so države po izteku programa nadaljevale s kompleksnimi reformami.
Gradual dilution and reversal of the labour market reforms in Portugal The most significant labour market reforms were envisaged in Portugal. 
Postopno zmanjšanje ambicioznosti in preklic reform trga dela na Portugalskem Največje reforme trga dela so bile predvidene na Portugalskem.
During the programme Portugal indeed carried out a number of reforms that reduced the level of employment protection. 
Med programom je Portugalska dejansko izvedla več reform, s katerimi je zmanjšala raven varnosti zaposlitve.
However, the improvement was not significant enough in international comparison. 
To izboljšanje pa v mednarodnem pogledu ni bilo dovolj veliko.
Already at the onset of the programme the reforms were not designed ambitiously enough when compared with the peer countries. 
Že na začetku programa reforme niso bile zastavljene dovolj ambiciozno v primerjavi z državami v podobnem položaju.
For instance, Portugal was asked to prepare a proposal to align severance payments with the EU average instead of with the set of countries that represent Portugal’s competitors in international trade. 
Portugalska je bila na primer pozvana, naj pripravi predlog za uskladitev odpravnin s povprečjem EU namesto s skupino držav, ki so konkurenti Portugalske v mednarodni trgovini.
Then, during the programme, the less ambitious reforms were taken. 
Med programom so bile nato sprejete manj ambiciozne reforme.
For instance, the severance payments are now accumulated at 12 days per year of service, which was the higher end of the initial interval of 8-12 days per year of service. 
Odpravnina je na primer zdaj enaka skupnemu znesku plačila za 12 dni za vsako leto zaposlitve v podjetju, kar je najvišja vrednost v prvotnem intervalu 8–12 dni na leto zaposlitve v podjetju.
The reform agenda was further diluted as some reforms of the dismissal rules were successfully challenged in the Constitutional Court. 
Program reforme je nato postal še manj ambiciozen, saj so bile nekatere reforme pravil glede odpuščanja uspešno izpodbijane na ustavnem sodišču.
In response, Portugal enacted compensatory measures for those declared uncon-stitutional, but the Commission did not find that these measures could achieve similar effects to the original ones. 
Portugalska se je na to odzvala z izravnalnimi ukrepi za tiste ukrepe, ki so bili razglašeni za neustavne, vendar po mnenju Komisije s temi ukrepi ne bi mogli doseči podobnih učinkov kot s prvotnimi ukrepi.
The programme conditions did not include compensatory measures that would be equivalent in terms of their potential impact on flexibility of the labour market. 
Programski pogoji niso vključevali izravnalnih ukrepov, ki bi bili enakovredni po svojem potencialnem učinku na prožnost trga dela.
After the end of the programme, some labour market reforms already implemented were easily reversed through administrative decisions of the government. These decisions were criticised by the Commission in post-programme surveillance reports. 
Po izteku programa je vlada nekatere reforme trga dela, ki so bile že uvedene, enostavno preklicala z upravnimi sklepi, ki jih je Komisija v poročilih o nadzoru po izteku programa kritizirala.
Part IV — Programmes met their objectives 66 163 We found95 that there were tangible improvements when the programmes targeted reforms in the specific areas of active labour market policies, labour market reforms or the business environment. In some areas the programmes helped to encourage new reforms (e.g. fiscal responsibility), while in others they provided an incentive to accelerate the implementation of existing national plans (e.g. business environment). 
Del IV – Programi so dosegli svoje cilje 66 163 Sodišče je ugotovilo, da je prišlo do konkretnih izboljšav, kadar so bili programi usmerjeni v reforme na posebnih področjih aktivnih politik trga dela, reforme trga dela ali poslovno okolje.95 Na nekaterih področjih so programi pomagali spodbuditi nove reforme (npr. glede fiskalne discipline), na drugih pa so zagotovili spodbudo za pospešitev izvajanja obstoječih nacionalnih načrtov (npr. glede poslovnega okolja).
164 Several conditions, while met, did not produce the desired effects. 
164 Več pogojev je bilo izpolnjenih, vendar niso prinesli želenega učinka.
For instance, budgetary savings were not realised to the extent intended during the programme period, and the fiscal responsibility framework did not provide a sufficiently binding anchor for fiscal policy (see Box 10). 
Proračunski prihranki na primer niso bili tolikšni, kot je bilo pričakovano med programskim obdobjem, okvir za fiskalno odgovornost pa ni zagotovil dovolj zavezujočega temelja za fiskalno politiko (glej okvir 10).
95 We analysed the progress achieved by the five countries in three areas: labour market reforms, the business environment and fiscal responsibility. 
95 Sodišče je analiziralo napredek, ki ga je zadevnih pet držav doseglo na treh področjih: reforme trga dela, poslovno okolje in fiskalna disciplina.
We relied on international regulatory indicators, input indicators and the assessments by the Commission, the IMF and other international institutions. 
Pri tem se je opiralo na mednarodne regulativne kazalnike, kazalnike vložka ter ocene Komisije, MDS in drugih mednarodnih institucij.
When compliance did not deliver the desired effects ο In Hungary, the bank support package was largely unused because, in its final form, it was unattractive to banks. ο In line with the programme conditions, Hungary included cuts in local government expenditure in its budget law, but no substantial savings were achieved. ο Romania complied with the condition to adopt a public-sector wages framework law, but the compensation grids, which were one of key elements of this reform, were not applied owing to the lack of budget funds. ο Ireland and Romania adopted a new fiscal responsibility framework during the programme. 
Ko izpolnjevanje pogojev ni prineslo želenih učinkov ο Na Madžarskem je bil sveženj pomoči za banke v glavnem neuporabljen, saj je bil v končni obliki neprivla-čen za banke. ο V skladu s programskimi pogoji je Madžarska v svojo proračunsko zakonodajo vključila reze v odhodke lokalne uprave, vendar ni dosegla znatnih prihrankov. ο Romunija je izpolnila pogoj, da sprejme okvirni zakon za plače v javnem sektorju, vendar se plačne le-stvice, ki so bile eden od najpomembnejših elementov te reforme, niso uporabljale zaradi pomanjkanja proračunskih sredstev. ο Irska in Romunija sta med izvajanjem programa sprejeli nov okvir za fiskalno disciplino, vendar je Komisija v obeh primerih poročala o več pomanjkljivostih pri izvajanju.
Most importantly, the framework was not effective in constraining the government’s fiscal policy in line with the medium-term targets. ο Employment in the Portuguese public sector was decreased in line with the programme milestones; however, an unspecified part of this decrease was achieved through the early retirement of civil servants, and the budgetary impact was therefore contained. 
Največja slabost je bila, da okvir ni bil uspešen pri zamejevanju fiskalne politike vlade v skladu s srednjeročnimi cilji. ο Zaposlenost v portugalskem javnem sektorju se je zmanjšala v skladu s programskimi mejniki, vendar je neopredeljen del tega zmanjšanja pripisati zgodnjemu upokojevanju javnih uslužbencev, zaradi česar je bil proračunski učinek zmeren.
Part IV — Programmes met their objectives 67 How well did countries increase their competitiveness? 
Del IV – Programi so dosegli svoje cilje 67 Kako so se države odrezale pri povečevanju svoje konkurenčnosti?
Competitiveness gains, but to varying degrees 165 One of the programmes’ key underlying objectives was to restore external balances by enhancing economic competitiveness. 
Večja konkurenčnost, vendar v različni meri 165 Eden od ključnih osnovnih ciljev programov je bil obnoviti zunanja ravnotežja s povečanjem gospodarske konkurenčnosti.
In four of the five countries covered this occurred faster than expected. 
V štirih od petih zajetih držav se je to zgodilo hitreje, kot je bilo pričakovano.
Only the Irish adjustment was broadly in line with the programme forecast. 
Le irska prilagoditev je bila v glavnem skladna s programsko napovedjo.
167 The common factor explaining the more rapid current-account adjustment was an unexpected improvement in the income balance97. Also in Ireland, the evolution of the current-account balance in line with the forecast can be attributed to an overperforming income balance, which compensated for major underperformance in the trade balance (see Figure 11). 
167 Skupni dejavnik, ki pojasnjuje hitrejšo prilagoditev tekočega računa plačilne bilance, je bilo nepričakovano izboljšanje bilance prihodkov.97 Če ponovno omenimo Irsko, na Irskem je gibanje salda tekočega računa v skladu z napovedjo mogoče pripisati nadpovprečni uspešnosti pri bilanci prihodkov, ki je izravnala zelo podpovprečno uspešnost pri trgovinski bilanci (glej sliko 11).
96 Countries’ competitiveness is a multifaceted and complex concept. 
96 Konkurenčnost države je večplasten in kompleksen koncept.
We chose to focus on these two indicators because they were part of the programme projection for all countries. 
Osredotočili smo se na ta dva kazalnika, saj sta bila del programske projekcije za vse države.
This allowed us to assess the reasons why competitiveness sometimes did not evolve as expected. 
Na ta način smo lahko ocenili razloge, zakaj konkurenčnost včasih ni bila dosežena, kot je bilo pričakovano.
97 The Income balance records financial flows between residents and non-residents related to income from labour, direct investments, and portfolio and other investments. 
97 Bilanca prihodkov beleži finančne tokove med rezidenti in nerezidenti, povezane s prihodki iz dela, neposrednih naložb, portfeljev in drugih naložb.
It also includes payments between government and non-residents related to taxes and subsidies on products and production. 
Vključuje tudi plačila med vlado in nerezidenti, povezana z davki in subvencijami za izdelke in proizvodnjo.
Possible reasons for the rapid adjustment of the current-account balance 40 30 20 10 0 -10 Hungary -20 -30 -40 Latvia Portugal Net Current Transfers gap Income balance gap Trade balance gap Current Account Balance gap Romania Ireland Note: The graph shows the cumulative differences, in percentage points of GDP, between the outcome and the baseline, i.e. the initial programme projection. 
Možni razlogi za hitro prilagoditev salda tekočega računa plačilne bilance 40 30 20 10 0 -10 Madžarska -20 -30 -40 Latvija Portugalska vrzel v neto tekočih transferjih vrzel v bilanci prihodkov vrzel v trgovinski bilanci vrzel v saldu tekočega računa Romunija Irska Opomba: Diagram prikazuje kumulativne razlike v odstotnih točkah BDP med rezultatom in izhodiščnim stanjem, tj. začetno programsko projekcijo.
Calculated over the following programme periods: 2009-2011 for Hungary and Romania, 2009-2013 for Latvia and 2011-2015 for Ireland and Portugal. 
Izračunano za naslednja programska obdobja: 2009–2011 za Madžarsko in Romunijo, 2009–2013 za Latvijo in 2011–2015 za Irsko in Portugalsko.
Source: ECA, based on European Commission data. 
Vir: Evropsko računsko sodišče na podlagi podatkov Evropske komisije.
Percentage of GDP cummulatively over programme period Figure 11 
Odstotni delež BDP kumulativno v programskem obdobju Slika 11
Part IV — Programmes met their objectives 68 168 The trade (export/import) balance captures more closely the effects of the changes in a country’s competitiveness than the current account. 
Del IV – Programi so dosegli svoje cilje 68 168 Trgovinska (izvozno-uvozna) bilanca pobliže zajame učinke sprememb na konkurenčnost države kot tekoči račun.
The trade balance evolved in line with the programme forecasts in Portugal and Romania. 
Saldo trgovinske bilance se je na Portugalskem in v Romuniji gibal v skladu s programskimi napovedmi.
It performed better than expected in Latvia (an average of 2 % per year). 
V Latviji je bil boljši od pričakovanega (za povprečno 2 % na leto).
However, it was below forecast in Hungary (2.8 % per year) and Ireland (5.1 % per year). 
Na Madžarskem (za 2,8 % na leto) in Irskem (za 5,1 % na leto) pa je bil pod napovedmi.