natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
is classified in the category capital transfers » ( paragraph 5.16 ) and , by definition , the financial counterpart of a capital transfer is a transaction . While the interpretation of the ESA 95 provided here and the proposed treatment of debt assumption within MFI balance sheet statistics is fully in line with the treatment of debt assumption in the euro area financial accounts , attention is drawn to the existence of certain exceptions to the rule that debt assumption is treated as a capital transfer ( listed in the ESA 95 paragraphs 5.16 , 6.29 and 6.30 ) .
Vendar če se napaka nanaša na zgodovinske podatke in se pretekli podatki ne popravijo ali se popravijo samo za omejeno časovno obdobje , nastane prekinitev med prvim obdobjem s popravljeno vrednostjo in zadnjim obdobjem , ki vsebuje napačno vrednost . V tem primeru NCB ugotovijo velikost nastale prekinitve in vnesejo popravek med „prerazvrstitve in druge popravke » .
However , these exceptions only apply where the debt assumption involves the central government absorbing a public corporation , i.e. subsuming the corporation into the central government .
Popravek v zvezi z „odpisi / delnimi odpisi » se nanaša na vpliv sprememb v vrednosti posojil , zabeleženih v bilanci stanja , ki so posledica odpisov ali delnih odpisov posojil .
In this case , the operation is not treated as a financial transaction , but as a sector reclassification , i.e. from the other resident sectors to central government .
Ta popravek odraža tudi spremembe v stanjih rezervacij za izgube iz naslova posojil , če se NCB odloči , da neporavnana stanja beleži brez rezervacij .
In order to remove the impact of this sector reclassification from the flows , NCBs must submit an adjustment for this reclassification . L 341/206
Vključeni so tudi odpisi , ugotovljeni v času prodaje ali prenosa posojil tretji osebi , če jih je mogoče identificirati .
Official Journal of the European Union 3 . Example with accounting entries
2 . Prevrednotovalni popravki zaradi cenovnih sprememb
The first part of this example presents the account entries during the whole process related to debt assumption in the form of T-diagrams . The second part , in the next section , compares debt assumption with other payments made by the central government to the other resident sectors , and how they are reflected in accounting terms .
Popravek cenovnega prevrednotenja sredstev in obveznosti se nanaša na nihanja v vrednotenju sredstev in obveznosti , ki nastanejo zaradi spremembe v ceni , po kateri so sredstva in obveznosti zabeležena ali se z njimi trguje . Popravek vključuje spremembe , ki sčasoma nastanejo v vrednosti stanj ob koncu obdobja zaradi sprememb v referenčni vrednosti , po kateri so zabeležena , tj .
The origin of this operation is a loan initially granted by an MFI to a publicly owned corporation in the other resident sectors .
dobički / izgube .
The loan is usually guaranteed by the central government .
Vsebuje lahko tudi spremembe v vrednotenju , ki izhajajo iz transakcij s sredstvi / obveznostmi , tj .
When the loan is granted , the following stylised entries take place ( 1 ) : MFI A L A Other resident sectors L A Central government L
realizirani dobički / izgube ; vendar v tej zvezi obstajajo različne nacionalne prakse .
-- Cash + Loan to other resident sectors
SL Uradni list Evropske unije
Deposits --
L 341/197
Loan from MFI + 3 .
Narava in obseg „prevrednotovalnih popravkov » se določita z izbrano metodo vrednotenja .
At a later date , the corporation is unable to pay back the loan , so that the central government assumes the debt . From then onwards , the debtor is no longer the other resident sectors ;
Čeprav je priporočljivo , da se obe strani bilance stanja beležita po tržni vrednosti , se lahko v praksi uporabljajo različne metode vrednotenja tako na strani obveznosti kot na strani sredstev .
instead , the central government becomes the debtor . The entries are as follows ( 2 ) :
To je sprejemljivo tako dolgo , dokler se knjigovodska vrednost bistveno ne razlikuje od tržne vrednosti .
Central government L Deposits -+ Loan to central government -- Loan to other resident sectors
Oddelek 3 : Prevrednotovalni popravki zaradi tečajnih sprememb
Therefore , in the MFI balance sheet there is a simply a change in the counterparty sector of the loan . This change is real , because it follows the rules relating to a real transfer between the central government and the other resident sectors .
Za namene pošiljanja statističnih podatkov ECB NCB zagotovijo , da se stanja sredstev in obveznosti , ki so izražena v tujih valutah , preračunajo v eure z uporabo tržnega deviznega tečaja na zadnji dan obdobja .
The capital account entry is made because of the capital transfer that takes place .
Kot enotni devizni tečaj se uporablja referenčni devizni tečaj ECB ( 1 ) .
Cash is not involved in the above example , but if it were , the final situation would be the same .
Gibanja deviznih tečajev za euro , ki nastanejo med datumi poročanja ob koncu obdobja , povzročijo spremembe v vrednosti sredstev / obveznosti v tuji valuti , kadar so te izražene v eurih .
In the event of the central government financing the assumption of the debt by running down deposits , rather than by increasing loans , a triangular movement would occur with no final net result , as shown below .
Ker te spremembe predstavljajo dobičke / izgube in ker niso posledica finančnih transakcij , je treba te učinke odstraniti iz podatkov o tokovih .
In the first step , the central government borrows money from the MFI : 5 .
Prevrednotovalni popravki zaradi tečajnih sprememb lahko vsebujejo tudi spremembe , ki izhajajo iz transakcij s sredstvi / obveznostmi , tj .
MFI A L A Other resident sectors L A
realizirani dobički / izgube ;
Central government L + Loan to central government -- Cash -- Loan to other resident sectors
vendar v tej zvezi obstajajo različne nacionalne prakse . DEL 3 Statistika BSI -- popravki tokov
Loan from MFI --
Oddelek 1 : Uvod
Loan from MFI + ( 1 ) The sign conventions are as follows : + means an increase , --- means a decrease , --- means no change in that item .
1 . V primeru statistike BSI vsaka NCB pošlje ločene podatke o popravkih , ki zajemajo njeno bilanco stanja in bilance stanja drugih MFI .
( 2 ) The terminology used for the accounts is that of the MFI balance sheet .
Popravke za bilanco stanja ECB interno zbere Direktorat ECB za notranje finance . NCB pošljejo popravke za vse postavke v bilancah stanja MFI v skladu s frekvenco , navedeno v členu 3 ( 2 ) te smernice .
Therefore « capital » means « profit and loss account » in the case of the other resident sectors and « net lending or borrowing » in the case of the central government . 27.12.2007
Pri tem bodo NCB morda morale izračunati in / ali oceniti popravke za nekatere razčlenitve , ki jih MFI ne poročajo , ker se ne štejejo kot „minimalne zahteve » iz Uredbe ECB / 2001/13 , Priloga I , del 2 , tabela 1A . Del 1 Priloge III k tej smernici določa , ali je treba ECB poslati samo „prerazvrstitve in druge popravke » ali tudi „prevrednotovalne popravke » .
L 341/207 In the second step , the central government makes a cash transfer to the other resident sectors :
Popravke za gibanja deviznih tečajev izračuna ECB .
Capital -- Loan from MFI -- In the third step , the other resident sectors use the cash received from the central government to finance the repayment of the debt to the MFI :
Iz tega razloga popravki , ki jih zagotovi ECB v zvezi s stanji , izraženimi v tujih valutah , izključujejo učinek sprememb zaradi deviznega tečaja .
Central government L -- Loan to central government -- Loan to other resident sectors + Cash
Za popravke tokov velja enak sistem dvostavnega knjigovodstva kot za stanja .
Capital -- Loan from MFI -- As shown above , the cash appears twice with different signs in each balance sheet .
V vseh primerih imajo popravki protipostavko , ki bo v večini primerov verjetno „kapital in rezerve » ali „preostale obveznosti » , odvisno od poslov ali nacionalnih računovodskih pravil .
Therefore , the net effect is nil . 4 .
3 . Za transakcijske vrednosti vlog / posojil in vrednostnih papirjev je načeloma podana naslednja usmeritev .
1 . Other payments by the central government sector
Transakcijska vrednost vlog / posojil in vrednostnih papirjev izključuje provizije itd ( 2 ) .
For the purposes of comparison with debt assumption operations , the accounting entries corresponding to the other transfers by the central government are presented below .
Transakcijska vrednost vlog / posojil izključuje obračunane aktivne / pasivne obresti , ki še niso bile prejete ali plačane .
A transfer from the central government to the other resident sectors usually takes place in the form of a payment in cash / deposit . The central government has deposits with banks or with the central bank , and these deposits are used to make payments for expenditure .
Namesto tega se obračunane obresti na posojila / vloge beležijo pod „preostalimi sredstvi » oziroma „preostalimi obveznostmi » . Transakcijska vrednost vrednostnih papirjev v posesti in izdanih vrednostnih papirjev je skladna z načeli o beleženju in poročanju stanj v skladu z Uredbo ECB / 2001/13 .
Therefore , when the central government makes a payment as a consequence of a transfer to the other resident sectors , the entries are as follows :
V navedeni uredbi ni vsebovano nobeno pravilo o razvrstitvi obračunanih obresti iz naslova vrednostnih papirjev .
Central government L Deposit from central government Deposit from other resident sectors +
To pomeni , da so lahko obračunane obresti vključene / izključene pri pripravi podatkov o stanjih vrednostnih papirjev .
2 . The features of this transfer are the same as those in the case of a debt assumption , with the entries differing only to the extent that different financial instruments are used in the operation .
Z namenom uskladitve obravnave med državami in ob upoštevanju dejstva , da je razlikovanje med obračunanimi obrestmi in cenovnimi spremembami ključna težava ter da se lahko nekatere konceptualne težave pojavijo v zvezi z opredelitvijo obrestnih mer na tržne instrumente , se uporablja naslednje fleksibilno in enostavno pravilo :
For monetary analysis , the difference is that a debt assumption by the central government impacts on the credit aggregates ( loans to the other resident sectors fall , while loans to central government rise ) , while the same capital transfer paid in cash impacts on the monetary aggregates ( deposits held by central government , which is in the money-neutral sector , fall , while deposits held by the other resident sectors , which is in the money-holding sector , rise ) .
če so obračunane obresti sestavni del računovodske cene , kakor se ta poroča v statistični bilanci stanja , se te izključijo iz transakcijske vrednosti in se namesto tega brez razlikovanja vključijo med „prevrednotovalne popravke » ; ( 1 ) Glej izjavo za javnost ECB z dne 7 .
In both cases , however , there is a financial transaction , so that no adjustment is needed .
( 2 ) Kljub temu se odpisi , povezani s transakcijami , ne poročajo vedno , kar pomeni odstopanje od tega načela , ki ga omogoča Uredba ECB / 2001/13 .
L 341/208
L 341/198
Appendix III TREATMENT OF SECURITISATION AND LOAN TRANSFERS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DERIVATION OF BSI FLOW STATISTICS 1 .
( b ) če so obračunane obresti izključene iz vrednosti stanj vrednostnih papirjev , na katero se nanašajo v bilanci stanja , se te uvrstijo med „preostala sredstva » oziroma „preostale obveznosti » in se zato pri izračunu tokov ali prevrednotovalnih popravkov ne upoštevajo ( 1 ) .
Securitisation and loan transfer
Oddelek 2 : Prevrednotovalni popravki
« Securitisation » is a process whereby finance can be raised from external investors by enabling them to invest in parcels of specific financial assets .
Pri uvrščanju popravkov v ustrezen razred zapadlosti in sektor nasprotne stranke NCB upoštevajo računovodska pravila glede slabih posojil ( npr .
It involves MFIs either selling loans to third parties , which use these loans to back the issue of securities , or acquiring negotiable securities as a replacement for loans .
uvrstitev slabega posojila v določen razred zapadlosti ) in relativno kreditno tveganje v vsakem sektorju .
This operation consists of the MFI either selling loans to an intermediary and the subsequent or simultaneous issue of securities , by that intermediary , backed by the loans , or acquiring securities issued by the debtor as a replacement for a loan , without involving an intermediary .
2 . Kadar za uvrstitev popravka ni na voljo dovolj informacij , se ta lahko razčleni po kategorijah iz Uredbe ECB / 2001/13 sorazmerno z velikostjo postavk stanj .
Both types of operations give rise to the same result in the MFI balance sheet . The former is much more common .
3 . Polja , označena z „minimum » v Uredbi ECB / 2001/13 , se poročajo ECB , četudi niso neposredno pripravljena , ker NCB zbira bolj podrobne informacije o odpisih / delnih odpisih .
However , the latter is explained first , as it is less complex .
V takem primeru se polja , označena z „minimum » , izračunajo kot vsota sestavnih delov .
A « loan transfer » is an operation similar to a securitisation in which MFIs sell loans to investors in a process that does not involve the issue of securities .
Cenovna prevrednotenja vplivajo samo na določene postavke bilance stanja : na strani obveznosti na postavko „izdani dolžniški vrednostni papirji » in na strani sredstev na postavki „vrednostni papirji razen delnic » in „delnice in drug lastniški kapital » ter na njihove protipostavke , ki so večinoma „kapital in rezerve » ter „preostale obveznosti » .
The economic purpose of this operation and its statistical treatment is , however , in certain respects rather similar to a securitisation .
Vloge in posojila imajo fiksne nominalne vrednosti , zato zanje cenovne spremembe ne veljajo .
Securitisation without intermediary and loan transfers ( a )
Na strani obveznosti bilance stanja se lahko prevrednotenja poročajo tudi za izdane dolžniške vrednostne papirje .
Description This operation takes place when a « new security is issued [ by the original debtor {] as replacement for the original asset , which is effectively liquidated » ( ESA 95 , paragraph 5.63 ) and this new security is simultaneously sold to third party investors .
Vendar v tej zvezi ni uvedena nobena sprememba glede obveznosti poročanja MFI , ker cenovno prevrednotenje izdanih dolžniških vrednostnih papirjev ostaja zunaj „minimalnih zahtev » , določenih v Uredbi ECB / 2001/13 .
( b ) Economic sense
Na strani sredstev bilance stanja se lahko imetja vrednostnih papirjev beležijo po tržni ceni , po nakupni ceni , po nižji izmed tržne ali nakupne cene ali po odkupni vrednosti v skladu s standardno računovodsko prakso .
The operation involves the creditor MFI being repaid the original loan by the debtor .
Vsebina popravka je odvisna od uporabljene metode vrednotenja .
This repayment is financed by the debtor issuing securities . The securities issued by the debtor could in theory be held for a short time by the creditor MFI , but are usually sold directly to the investors .
4 . Če ni na voljo nobenih drugih informacij , se lahko predpostavlja , da so prevrednotenja , ki se nanašajo na „vrednostne papirje nad dvema letoma » , enaka skupnemu znesku prevrednotovalnega popravka v zvezi z imetji vrednostnih papirjev razen delnic , izdanih za vsak sektor .
Some doubts exist as to whether this type of operation is very widespread , because only large corporations and public bodies issue securities in practice .
Uredba omogoča fleksibilnost glede vrste podatkov , ki so potrebni za izračun cenovnega prevrednotenja vrednostnih papirjev , in glede oblike , v kateri se ti podatki zbirajo in pripravljajo . Odločitev o metodi je prepuščena NCB , skladno z naslednjimi možnostmi :
If the operation does not involve the transformation of the loan into securities , i.e. if the instrument sold to the investors remains non-negotiable , then a loan transfer is deemed to occur .
--- MFI poročajo popravke : MFI poročajo popravke za vsako postavko , ki odražajo spremembe v vrednotenju zaradi spremembe cen . NCB , ki izberejo to metodo , agregirajo popravke , ki jih poročajo MFI , za posredovanje podatkov ECB .
A loan transfer is nevertheless usually performed by fragmenting the original loan into smaller units , which is sold by the creditor MFI , together with the benefits / risks , to third parties . ( c )
( 1 ) Opredelitev in vrednotenje finančnih transakcij za namene priprave statistike tokov za statistiko BSI se v nekaterih pogledih razlikujeta od tistih , ki jih za izračun finančnih računov ( tokov ) določa ESR 95 .
Statistical treatment From an MFI creditor 's point of view , securitisation usually involves a sale of the loans for cash , i.e. the MFI receives cash from the debtor in repayment of a loan .
ESR 95 določa , da so finančne transakcije , ki izhajajo iz časovnih razlik med obračunanimi ali razdelitvenimi transakcijami ali finančnimi transakcijami na sekundarnem trgu in ustreznim plačilom , razvrščene kot „F .
This is treated as a decrease in « loans to non-MFIs » and an increase in « cash / deposits » . The debtor finances this loan repayment out of the proceeds arising from the securities issue ( 1 ) .
79 Druge terjatve / obveznosti razen komercialnih kreditov in predujmov » ( odstavka 5.128 in 5.129 ) . Nasprotno pa ESR 95 tudi določa , naj bi bila „nasprotna finančna transakcija obračunanim obrestim na finančna sredstva [...
The MFI may receive the issued securities rather than cash from the debtor . In that case , the MFI treats the counterpart to the decrease in « loans » as an increase in « securities other than shares » .
] po možnosti prikazana kot reinvestiraja v isto finančno sredstvo » . Vendar pa mora beleženje obresti upoštevati nacionalno prakso .
The MFI would normally then sell the new securities to third party investors . In both cases , the MFI may remove the loan / securities from its balance sheet if the « risks and rewards » of ownership are fully transferred to the third parties .
Če se obračunane obresti ne beležijo kot reinvestirane v finančno sredstvo , se zabeležijo kot „druge terjatve / obveznosti » ( odstavek 5.130 ) .
In the case of a loan transfer , a change in the balance sheet takes place when the sale to the third parties is completed .
V plačilni bilanci se obračunane obresti štejejo kot zvišanje vrednosti finančnega instrumenta .
( 1 ) The instruments issued by the debtor are classified as securities only where they meet the necessary conditions in terms of negotiability and marketability . According to Regulation ECB / 2001/13 , the item « securities other than shares » includes « negotiable loans that have been restructured into a large number of identical documents and that can be traded on secondary markets » .
Posledično prihaja do odstopanja , ko so obračunane obresti vključene v „preostala sredstva » ali „preostale obveznosti » . Obravnava obračunanih obresti na tržne instrumente v kontekstu statistike bilance stanja MFI ( stanja in tokovi ) je lahko predmet nadaljnje preučitve .
L 341/209
SL ---
For statistical purposes , the creditor MFI 's sale of the loan is to be treated as a financial transaction . In cases where the loans are securitised , the MFI creditor accepts either cash or temporarily accepts the new securities issued by the debtor in repayment of the loan .
Uradni list Evropske unije MFI poročajo tokove : MFI združijo tokove v mesecu in NCB poročajo vrednost nakupov in prodaj vrednostnih papirjev . Priprava in posredovanje neto tokov NCB je sprejemljiva .
In cases where the loans are not securitised ( e.g. a loan transfer ) , the MFI usually receives cash from the debtor , which is financed by the sale of the loan to third party investors . These operations are treated as financial transactions .
NCB , ki prejmejo podatke o transakcijah , morajo izračunati „prevrednotovalni popravek » kot preostanek razlike med stanji in transakcijami ter druge popravke in posredovati prevrednotovalni popravek ECB v skladu s to smernico ,
As these operations are transactions , i.e. true flows , no adjustment is reported .
L 341/199 ---
This treatment is consistent with paragraph 5.62 ( k ) of the ESA 95 , which specifies that the conversion of loans into securities « involves two financial transactions : the liquidation of the loan and the creation of the new securities » .
poročanje po posameznih vrednostnih papirjih : MFI poročajo NCB vse relevantne informacije o imetjih vrednostnih papirjev , kot so nominalna ( tj .
( d ) Illustration A securitisation / loan transfer is simply the sale of a loan to a third party .
imenska ) vrednost , računovodska ( tj .
It is reflected in the MFI balance sheet as a sale of the loan with a counterpart entry in cash or deposits .
knjigovodska ) vrednost , tržna vrednost , nakupi in prodaje , na podlagi posameznih vrednostnih papirjev .
Securitisation takes place where the « original asset [} loan {] is transferred [} by the creditor {] to another institutional unit and the new securities replace the original asset [} loan ] on the original institutional unit 's balance sheet » ( ESA 95 , paragraph 5.63 ) and these new securities are simultaneously or subsequently sold to third party investors .
Te informacije omogočajo NCB , da pridobijo točne informacije o „prevrednotovalnem popravku » , ki ga je treba posredovati ECB . Ta metoda je namenjena tistim NCB , ki tak pristop že uporabljajo pri zbiranju podatkov na lokalni ravni .
In practice , the operation may be structured in such a way that the securities issued by the financial intermediary are sold direct to third party investors .
NCB so načeloma omejene na zgoraj navedene metode .
( b ) Economic sense The aim is for the creditor MFI to release resources by transferring assets to third parties .
Vendar lahko uporabijo tudi druge metode , če izkažejo zmožnost dostave podatkov primerljive kakovosti .
In this case , the original asset , i.e. loan , is sold to a special financial intermediary .
Oddelek 3 : Mesečni popravki tokov -- posebne prilagoditve 1 .
This financial intermediary , called a « financial vehicle corporation » ( FVC ) ( ESA 95 , paragraph 2.55 ) , is usually created for the sole purpose of holding the securitised assets .
V skladu s premostitvenim postopkom je bila zahteva za podatke bilance stanja nekoliko spremenjena , tako da odraža dejavnosti ECB / NCB .
The MFI sells the asset to be securitised to the FVC in exchange either for cash or the securities issued by the FVC .
Nekatere postavke so bile odstranjene , tj .
( c ) Statistical treatment From the point of view of the creditor MFI , the operation involves an exchange of assets , as in the case above .
podatki o razčlenitvi repo poslov ali vlog na odpoklic z odpovednim rokom se ne zahtevajo .
The MFI receives a new asset , cash or securities , for the sale of the loan .
Druge postavke so bile dodane , tj .
Therefore , in the MFI 's balance sheet , the exchange is reflected as a decrease in « loans » and an increase in « cash / deposits » or « securities » .
na strani obveznosti „protipostavka SDR » in na strani sredstev „zlato in terjatve v zlatu » in „terjatve iz pravic črpanja , SDR in druge » , ker se stanja za te postavke zahtevajo tudi v tej smernici .
This treatment only applies where the MFI creditor transfers all the risks and rewards of ownership of the original loans to the FVC .
ECB / NCB pošljejo podatke o popravkih za vsako od teh postavk .
Where the risks and rewards of ownership remain with the MFI , then it must be treated as an on-balance-sheet securitisation ( see the illustration below ) .
ECB / NCB pošljejo ECB popravke v skladu s postopki , opisanimi v tej smernici . Vendar so mogoče nekatere spremembe :
For statistical purposes , the creditor MFI 's sale of loans is treated as a financial transaction , i.e. as a real flow , with no adjustment to be reported . ( d ) Illustration Usually this type of securitisation takes place as a « triangular » operation .
--- prerazvrstitve in drugi popravki : popravki za „spremembe v statističnem zajetju » se ne uporabljajo . Vendar pa lahko imajo ECB / NCB pozicije , ki so predmet prerazvrstitev in popravkov , in v tem primeru se popravki poročajo ,