natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
Metabolism and nutrition disorders Weight gain1 Elevated cholesterol levels2,3
Presnovne in prehranske motnje Povečanje telesne mase1
Patients should be advised not to breast feed an infant if they are taking olanzapine.
Če jemljejo olanzapin, naj se bolnicam dojenje dojenčka odsvetuje.
NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT Olanzapine Mylan 10 mg film-coated tablets olanzapine
Olanzapin Mylan 10 mg filmsko obložene tablete olanzapin
High Uric Acid10
Visoke vrednosti sečne kisline10
NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT Olanzapine Mylan 5 mg film-coated tablets olanzapine
Olanzapin Mylan 5 mg filmsko obložene tablete olanzapin
DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION/RENEWAL OF THE AUTHORISATION Date of first authorisation: 7 October 2008
DATUM PRIDOBITVE/PODALJŠANJA DOVOLJENJA ZA PROMET Z ZDRAVILOM
23 May 2014
23. maj 2014
The company also presented various supporting analyses and information from a supportive study.
Družba je predstavila tudi različne podporne analize in informacije iz podporne študije.
For more information, see here.
Več informacij je na voljo tukaj.
In addition, some concerns about the quality of the medicine were not yet resolved.
Poleg tega niso bili razrešeni nekateri zadržki glede kakovosti zdravila.
It was to be available as tablets.
Na voljo naj bi bilo v obliki tablet.
The main measure of effectiveness was how long the patients survived with their disease.
Glavno merilo učinkovitosti je bil čas preživetja bolnikov z boleznijo.
Although the company presented analyses suggesting that there was a benefit in a subgroup of patients with certain genetic changes associated with more aggressive disease, and in a subgroup of patients with pain, the study was not designed to show benefit in these smaller groups, and the Committee considered that further study would be needed to demonstrate such a benefit.
Čeprav je družba predstavila analize, ki nakazujejo na koristi v podskupini bolnikov z določenimi genetskimi spremembami, povezanimi z agresivnejšo boleznijo, in v podskupini bolnikov z bolečinami, študija ni bila zasnovana za prikaz koristi v teh manjših skupinah, zato je Odbor menil, da bi bila za dokaz te koristi potrebna dodatna študija.
This means that it blocks certain enzymes known as tyrosine kinases.
To pomeni, da zavira določene encime, imenovane tirozin-kinaze.
The effects of Masiviera were first tested in experimental models before being studied in humans.
Učinki zdravila Masiviera so bili najprej preskušeni na poskusnih modelih, nato pa so jih raziskali pri ljudeh.
In addition, Masiviera was associated with significant toxicity.
Poleg tega je bilo zdravilo Masiviera povezano s pomembno toksičnostjo.
The company presented results of one main study involving 353 patients with advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Družba je predstavila rezultate ene glavne študije, v katero je bilo vključenih 353 bolnikov z napredovalim ali metastatskim rakom trebušne slinavke.
During the re-examination the CHMP looked again at the data from the company, including a proposal for a conditional authorisation in a restricted group of patients, and also consulted a group of experts in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Med ponovnim pregledom je odbor CHMP znova pregledal podatke družbe, vključno s predlogom za pogojno odobritev pri omejeni skupini bolnikov, in se prav tako posvetoval s skupino strokovnjakov za zdravljenje raka trebušne slinavke.
Refusal of the marketing authorisation for Masiviera (masitinib)
Zavrnitev vloge za dovoljenje za promet z zdravilom Masiviera (masitinib)
Furthermore, the CHMP had concerns about the quality of the product, in particular about the impurities to which patients might be exposed and about whether commercial batches of the medicine would have the same quality as those used for the studies.
Nadalje je imel pomisleke glede kakovosti zdravila, še zlasti glede nečistoč, ki bi jim lahko bili izpostavljeni bolniki, in ali bi bila kakovost komercialnih serij zdravila enaka kakovosti serij, ki so jih uporabili za študije.
What is Masiviera?
Kaj je zdravilo Masiviera?
By blocking these receptors, Masiviera might help in controlling cell division and thereby slow down the growth of the cancer.
receptorjev lahko zdravilo Masiviera pomaga pri nadzorovanju celične delitve ter s tem upočasni rast raka.
It was to be used in combination with another cancer medicine, gemcitabine.
Zdravilo naj bi se uporabljalo v kombinaciji z drugim zdravilom proti raku, tj. gemcitabinom.
Refusal of the marketing authorisation for Masiviera (masitinib) EMA/327117/2014
Zavrnitev vloge za dovoljenje za promet z zdravilom Masiviera (masitinib) EMA/298222/2014
Masitinib was designated an ‘orphan medicine' (a medicine to be used in rare diseases) on 28 October 2009 for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Zdravilo Masitinib je bilo 28. oktobra 2009 določeno kot „zdravilo sirota‟ (zdravilo, ki se uporablja pri redkih boleznih) za zdravljenje raka trebušne slinavke.
Therefore, the CHMP concluded that the benefits of Masiviera did not outweigh its risks and maintained the previous recommendation that the medicine be refused marketing authorisation.
Zato je zaključil, da koristi zdravila Masiviera niso večje od z njim povezanih tveganj, in ostal pri svojem prejšnjem priporočilu, da se zanj zavrne izdaja dovoljenja za promet.
The company that applied for authorisation is AB Science.
Vlogo za pridobitev dovoljenja je predložila družba AB Science.
uncontrollably.
Z zaviranjem teh
At the time of the initial evaluation, the CHMP noted that the results of the main study with Masiviera did not show effectiveness in the overall group of patients with advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer.
V času prvotne ocene je odbor CHMP zabeležil, da rezultati glavne študije z zdravilom Masiviera niso pokazali učinkovitosti zdravila pri splošni skupini bolnikov z napredovalim ali metastatskim rakom trebušne slinavke.
On 23 January 2014, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) adopted a negative opinion, recommending the refusal of the marketing authorisation for the medicinal product Masiviera, intended for the treatment of advanced inoperable pancreatic cancer.
Odbor za zdravila za uporabo v humani medicini (CHMP) je 23. januarja 2014 sprejel negativno mnenje, s katerim je priporočil zavrnitev izdaje dovoljenja za promet z zdravilom Masiviera, namenjenim za zdravljenje napredovalega raka trebušne slinavke, ki ga ni mogoče kirurško odstraniti.
Masiviera was expected to be used to treat adults with cancer of the pancreas (an organ of the digestive system) that is locally advanced or metastatic (has spread to other parts of the body), nonresectable (unsuitable for surgery) and is accompanied by at least moderate pain.
Zdravilo Masiviera naj bi se uporabljalo za zdravljenje odraslih z neodstranljivim (neprimernim za kirurški poseg), lokalno napredovalim ali metastatskim (razširjenim na druge dele telesa) rakom trebušne slinavke (organa prebavnega sistema), ki ga spremlja najmanj zmerna bolečina.
The Committee confirmed its opinion that the effectiveness of Masiviera had not been sufficiently demonstrated in pancreatic cancer.
Potrdil je svoje mnenje, da učinkovitost zdravila Masiviera ni bila zadovoljivo dokazana pri raku trebušne slinavke.
The active substance in Masiviera, masitinib, is a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor.
Zdravilna učinkovina zdravila Masiviera, masitinib, je zaviralec tirozin-kinaze.
These enzymes can be found in some receptors on the surface of cells, including the receptors that are involved in stimulating cancer cells to divide
Ti encimi so na nekaterih receptorjih na površini celic, med drugim tudi na receptorjih, ki pospešujejo nenadzorovano deljenje rakavih celic.
The company informed the CHMP that there were no consequences for patients in clinical trials or compassionate use programmes.
Družba je odbor CHMP obvestila, da zavrnitev nima nobenih posledic za bolnike v kliničnih preskušanjih ali programih sočutne uporabe.
What was Masiviera expected to be used for?
Za kaj naj bi se zdravilo Masiviera uporabljalo?
Masiviera is an anticancer medicine that contains the active substance masitinib.
Masiviera je zdravilo proti raku, ki vsebuje zdravilno učinkovino masitinib.
How is Masiviera expected to work?
Kako naj bi zdravilo Masiviera delovalo?
Masiviera was compared with placebo (a dummy treatment) as an addition to treatment with gemcitabine.
V njej so primerjali zdravilo Masiviera in placebo (zdravilo brez zdravilne učinkovine), ki so ju dodajali gemcitabinu.
Pharmaceutical Form Route of administration Packaging
Farmacevtska oblika Pot uporabe
(Invented) name Strength Pharmaceutical form Route of administration
Jakost Farmacevtska oblika
MA EU Number
Številka (EU) dovoljenja za promet
Further information on Rxulti can be found on the Agency's website: ema.europa.eu/Find medicine/Human medicines/European public assessment reports.
Nadaljnje informacije za zdravilo Rxulti so na voljo na spletni strani agencije: ema.europa.eu/Find medicine/Human medicines/European public assessment reports.
Schizophrenia is a mental illness with symptoms such as delusions, disorganised thinking and speech, suspiciousness and hallucinations (seeing, hearing or feeling things that are not there).
Shizofrenija je duševna bolezen s simptomi, kot so blodnje, neorganizirano mišljenje in govor, sumničavost in halucinacije (bolnik vidi, sliši ali čuti stvari, ki jih ni).
In patients with moderately or severely reduced kidney or liver function the dose should be limited to 3 mg once a day.
Pri bolnikih z zmerno ali močno zmanjšano ledvično ali jetrno funkcijo je treba odmerek omejiti na 3 mg enkrat na dan.
In patients taking certain other medicines the doctor may need to adjust the dose of Rxulti.
Pri bolnikih, ki jemljejo nekatera druga zdravila, bo moral zdravnik morda prilagoditi odmerek zdravila Rxulti.
The recommended starting dose is 1 mg once daily for the first 4 days.
Priporočeni začetni odmerek je 1 mg enkrat na dan prve štiri dni.
What measures are being taken to ensure the safe and effective use of Rxulti?
Kateri ukrepi se izvajajo za zagotovitev varne in učinkovite uporabe zdravila Rxulti?
The Agency decided that Rxulti's benefits are greater than its risks and it can be authorised for use in the EU.
Agencija je zaključila, da so koristi zdravila Rxulti večje od z njim povezanih tveganj in da se lahko odobri za uporabo v EU.
Although the reductions in symptoms were not consistent across the studies, this often occurs in studies with antipsychotic medicines and the European Medicines Agency considered that the effects were sufficient to conclude that Rxulti is beneficial to patients with schizophrenia.
Čeprav je bilo med študijami mogoče opaziti neskladja glede zmanjšanja simptomov, se to pogosto dogaja v študijah z antipsihotičnimi zdravili, zato je Evropska agencija za zdravila menila, da so učinki zadostni za ugotovitev, da je zdravilo Rxulti koristno za bolnike s shizofrenijo.
The active substance in Rxulti, brexpiprazole, is thought to attach to receptors (targets) in the brain for several neurotransmitters (substances nerve cells use to communicate with neighbouring cells) including dopamine, serotonin and noradrenaline.
Učinkovina v zdravilu Rxulti, brekspiprazol, naj bi se vezala na (ciljne) receptorje v možganih za več živčnih prenašalcev (snovi, ki jih uporabljajo živčne celice za komunikacijo s sosednjimi celicami), vključno z dopaminom, serotoninom in noradrenalinom.
The safety profile of Rxulti is similar to other antipsychotic medicines.
Varnostni profil zdravila Rxulti je podoben kot pri drugih antipsihotičnih zdravilih.
Recommendations and precautions to be followed by healthcare professionals and patients for the safe and effective use of Rxulti have been included in the summary of product characteristics and the package leaflet.
Priporočila in previdnostni ukrepi, ki jih morajo za varno in učinkovito uporabo zdravila Rxulti upoštevati zdravstveni delavci in bolniki, so vključeni v povzetek glavnih značilnosti zdravila in navodilo za uporabo.
Side effects reported with Rxulti are carefully evaluated and any necessary action taken to protect patients.
Neželeni učinki, o katerih so poročali pri zdravilu Rxulti, se skrbno ovrednotijo in po potrebi se sprejmejo ukrepi za zaščito bolnikov.
As for all medicines, data on the use of Rxulti are continuously monitored.
Tako kot za vsako zdravilo se tudi podatki o uporabi zdravila Rxulti stalno spremljajo.
Why is Rxulti authorised in the EU?
Zakaj je bilo zdravilo Rxulti odobreno v EU?
For more information about using Rxulti, see the package leaflet or contact your doctor or pharmacist.
Za več informacij glede uporabe zdravila Rxulti glejte navodilo za uporabo ali se posvetujte z zdravnikom ali farmacevtom.
An overview of Rxulti and why it is authorised in the EU
Pregled zdravila Rxulti in zakaj je odobreno v EU
Rxulti is an antipsychotic medicine used to treat schizophrenia in adults.
Rxulti je antipsihotično zdravilo, ki se uporablja za zdravljenje shizofrenije pri odraslih.
In 4 of the studies, Rxulti was compared with placebo (a dummy treatment) and the main measure of effectiveness was reduction of symptoms on a standard rating scale called PANSS (positive and negative syndrome scale) which ranges from a minimum of 30 (no symptoms) to a maximum of 210 (severest symptoms) after 6 weeks of treatment.
V štirih študijah so zdravilo Rxulti primerjali s placebom (zdravilom brez učinkovine), pri čemer je bilo glavno merilo učinkovitosti zmanjšanje simptomov na standardni ocenjevalni lestvici PANSS (lestvici za ocenjevanje pozitivnega in negativnega sindroma), ki sega od najmanj 30 (brez simptomov) do največ 210 (najresnejši simptomi) po šestih tednih zdravljenja.
Based on available data, it is not possible to say how Rxulti compares with other medicines of the same type.
Na podlagi podatkov, ki so na voljo, ni mogoče napovedati, kako učinkovito je zdravilo Rxulti v primerjavi z drugimi zdravili enake vrste.
Other information about Rxulti
Druge informacije o zdravilu Rxulti
Rxulti is available as tablets (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg) to be taken by mouth.
Zdravilo Rxulti je na voljo v obliki tablet (0,25 mg, 0,5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg in 4 mg), ki se jemljejo peroralno.
What benefits of Rxulti have been shown in studies?
Kakšne koristi zdravila Rxulti so se pokazale v študijah?
Rxulti was more effective than placebo in preventing relapse: after a year, 14% of patients taking Rxulti had relapsed compared with 38% of patients taking placebo.
Zdravilo Rxulti se je v primerjavi s placebom izkazalo za bolj učinkovito pri preprečevanju tveganja pojava ponovitve: po enem letu se je ponovitev pojavila pri 14 % bolnikov, ki so jemali zdravilo Rxulti, v primerjavi z 38 % bolnikov, zdravljenih s placebom.
The fifth study compared Rxulti with placebo over one year, and the main measure of effectiveness was the risk of relapse (worsening of symptoms).
V peti študiji so primerjali zdravilo Rxulti s placebom za obdobje enega leta, pri čemer je bilo glavno merilo učinkovitosti tveganje za pojav ponovitve (poslabšanje simptomov).
Rxulti was effective at reducing symptoms of schizophrenia.
Zdravilo Rxulti je bilo učinkovito pri zmanjševanju simptomov shizofrenije.
What are the risks associated with Rxulti?
Kakšna tveganja so povezana z zdravilom Rxulti?
What is Rxulti and what is it used for?
Kaj je zdravilo Rxulti in za kaj se uporablja?
These neurotransmitters play a role in schizophrenia, and by acting at their receptors, brexpiprazole helps normalise the activity of the brain and reduce symptoms of schizophrenia.
Brekspiprazol z delovanjem na njihove receptorje pomaga normalizirati delovanje možganov in zmanjšuje simptome shizofrenije.
The most common side effects with Rxulti are akathisia (a constant urge to move, which may affect around 6 in 100 people) and weight gain (which may affect around 4 in 100 people).
Najpogostejša neželena učinka zdravila Rxulti sta akatizija (neprestana potreba po gibanju, ki se lahko pojavi pri približno 6 od 100 bolnikov) in povečanje telesne mase (ki se lahko pojavi pri približno 4 od 100 bolnikov).
Results at 2, 3 and 4 weeks showed improvement in symptoms with Rxulti compared with placebo.
Rezultati pri dveh, treh in štirih tednih so pokazali izboljšanje simptomov pri uporabi zdravila Rxulti v primerjavi s placebom.
After 6 weeks, there was not considered to be a difference between Rxulti and placebo.
Po šestih tednih ni bilo mogoče zaznati razlike med zdravilom Rxulti in placebom.
The dose is then increased to 2 mg once daily taken on days 5, 6 and 7 and increased again if necessary to 4 mg once daily on day 8.
Odmerek se nato poveča na 2 mg enkrat na dan od 5. do 7. dne, nato pa se 8. dan po potrebi znova poveča, in sicer na 4 mg enkrat na dan. Priporočeni odmerek je od 2 do 4 mg na dan, največji priporočeni dnevni odmerek pa je 4 mg.
In the fourth study, doses of Rxulti ranging from 2 to 4 mg were compared with placebo and with another antipsychotic medicine, quetiapine.
V četrti študiji so primerjali odmerke zdravila Rxulti v razponu od 2 do 4 mg s placebom in z drugim antipsihotičnim zdravilom, kvetiapinom.
For the full list of side effects and restrictions with Rxulti, see the package leaflet.
Za celoten seznam neželenih učinkov in omejitev pri uporabi zdravila Rxulti glejte navodilo za uporabo.
How is Rxulti used?
Kako se zdravilo Rxulti uporablja?
Quetiapine showed improvement in symptoms at 6 weeks compared with placebo.
V primerjavi s placebom je uporaba kvetiapina pokazala izboljšanje simptomov pri šestih tednih.
Rxulti has been shown to be effective at reducing symptoms of schizophrenia in 5 main studies involving 2,404 adults with schizophrenia, although there were some inconsistent results.
V petih glavnih študijah, ki so vključevale 2 404 odrasle s shizofrenijo, se je pokazalo, da je zdravilo Rxulti učinkovito pri zmanjševanju simptomov shizofrenije, čeprav je bilo med rezultati nekaj neskladja.
How does Rxulti work?
Kako zdravilo Rxulti deluje?
Rxulti can only be obtained with a prescription.
Predpisovanje in izdaja zdravila Rxulti je le na recept.
In the third study, the PANSS score fell by around 15 points with 2 mg Rxulti compared with 8 points with placebo and there was not considered to be a difference between 4 mg Rxulti and placebo.
V tretji študiji se je ocena po lestvici PANSS zmanjšala za približno 15 točk pri odmerku 2 mg zdravila Rxulti v primerjavi z 8 točkami pri placebu, med odmerkom 4 mg zdravila Rxulti in placebom pa ni bilo mogoče zaznati razlike.
In the first study, the PANSS score fell by around 21 and 20 points with 2 mg and 4 mg Rxulti respectively compared with 12 points with placebo.
V prvi študiji se je ocena po lestvici PANSS zmanjšala za približno 21 oziroma 20 točk pri odmerkih 2 oziroma 4 mg zdravila Rxulti v primerjavi z 12 točkami pri placebu.
In the second study, the PANSS score fell by around 20 points with 4 mg Rxulti compared with 14 points with placebo.
V drugi študiji se je ocena po lestvici PANSS zmanjšala za približno 20 točk pri odmerku 4 mg zdravila Rxulti v primerjavi s 14 točkami pri placebu.
Rxulti contains the active substance brexpiprazole.
Zdravilo Rxulti vsebuje učinkovino brekspiprazol.
However, there was not considered to be a difference between 2 mg Rxulti and placebo.
Med odmerkom 2 mg zdravila Rxulti in placebom pa ni bilo mogoče zaznati razlike.
Annex I List of medicinal products and presentations
PRILOGA I SEZNAM NACIONALNO ODOBRENIH ZDRAVIL
This summary was last updated on 30 August 2007.
Ta povzetek je bil nazadnje posodobljen 30. avgusta 2007.
These reactions should disappear within two to three days.
Te reakcije izginejo v dveh do treh dneh.
Only healthy dogs should be vaccinated.
Cepiti smemo samo zdrave pse.
If you want more information on the basis of the CVMP recommendations, read the Scientific Discussion (also part of the EPAR).
Če želite več informacij o podlagi za priporočila CVMP, preberite znanstveno razpravo (ki je prav tako del
This document cannot replace a face-to-face discussion with your veterinarian.
Ta dokument ne more nadomestiti neposrednega pogovora z veterinarjem.
In general, these disappear within four days, but in rare cases they can persist for up to 14 days after the second injection.
Te običajno izginejo v štirih dneh, v redkih primerih ostanejo do 14 dni po drugi injekciji.
This helps to reduce the symptoms of babesiosis.
To prispeva k zmanjšanju simptomov babezioze.
The vaccine also contains an ‘adjuvant' (a compound called saponin) to stimulate a better response.
Cepivo vsebuje tudi adjuvans (spojino saponin) za stimulacijo boljšega odziva.
It is recommended that the vaccination is given at least one month before the tick season and exposure to ticks be reduced during the vaccination period.
Priporočljivo je, da se cepljenje izvede najmanj en mesec pred sezono klopov ter da se v času cepljenja izpostavljenost klopom zmanjša.
Re-vaccination is achieved with a single injection every six months.
Obnovitveno cepljenje se izvaja s posameznimi injekcijami vsakih šest mesecev.
If mild symptoms occur and last for more than two days, veterinary advice should be sought.
Če se pojavijo blagi simptomi, ki trajajo več kot dva dni, je potreben posvet z veterinarjem.
Nobivac Piro is a vaccine.
Zdravilo Nobivac Piro je cepivo.
Dogs that are infected with B. canis but have no symptoms should be treated appropriately before vaccination.
Pse, ki so okuženi z B. canis, vendar nimajo simptomov, je treba pred cepljenjem ustrezno zdraviti.
When a dog is given the vaccine, the immune system recognises the antigens as ‘foreign' and makes antibodies against them.
Ko pes dobi cepivo, imunski sistem prepozna antigene kot tujke in tvori protitelesa proti njim.
EPAR summary for the public
NOBIVAC PIRO Povzetek EPAR za javnost
Immunity starts three weeks after the vaccination course and lasts for at least six months.
Imunost nastopi tri tedne po osnovnem cepljenju in traja najmanj šest mesecev.
If accidental self-injection occurs, seek medical advice immediately and show the Package Leaflet or the label to the doctor.
V primeru nenamernega samoinjiciranja nemudoma poiščite medicinsko pomoč in pokažite zdravniku Navodilo za uporabo ali nalepko.
The main measure of effectiveness was the proportion of the dogs that developed antibodies against B. canis and B. rossi two weeks after the second injection.
Glavno merilo učinkovitosti je bil delež psov, pri katerih so se razvila protitelesa proti B. canis in B. rossi dva tedna po drugi injekciji.
Vaccination with Novibac Piro does not prevent infection, so a milder form of disease caused by B. canis can occur.
Cepljenje z zdravilom Nobivac Piro ne prepreči okužbe, zato lahko pride do milejše oblike bolezni, ki jo povzroča B. canis.
The European Commission granted a marketing authorisation valid throughout the European Union for Nobivac Piro to Intervet International B.V. on 2 September 2004.
Evropska Komisija je dovoljenje za promet z zdravilom Nobivac Piro, veljavno po vsej Evropski uniji, odobrila družbi Intervet International B.V.
Because the antigens on B. canis are very variable, vaccines against B. canis only work effectively if they also include antigens from B. rossi.
Ker so antigeni iz vrste B. canis zelo raznoliki, so cepiva proti B. canis učinkovita samo, če vključujejo tudi antigene iz vrste B. rossi.
For initial vaccination, Nobivac Piro is given as two 1-ml injections under the skin three to six weeks apart.
Pri osnovnem cepljenju se zdravilo Nobivac Piro daje v obliki dveh 1 ml injekcij pod kožo v razmiku treh do šestih tednov.
Side effects such as lethargy (listlessness) and a reduction in appetite are also common, sometimes accompanied by fever and a stiff gait.
Pogosti so tudi neželeni učinki, kot sta zaspanost (ravnodušnost) in zmanjšanje teka, ki jih včasih spremlja povišana telesna temperatura in toga hoja.
Other information about Nobivac Piro:
Druge informacije o zdravilu Nobivac Piro:
The effectiveness of Nobivac Piro has been studied in three laboratory studies in which dogs were vaccinated and then challenged (exposed to wild type Babesia).
Učinkovitost zdravila Nobivac Piro so preučevali v treh laboratorijskih raziskavah, v katerih so pse najprej cepili, nato pa jih izpostavili (divjemu tipu zajedavca Babesia).