natgillin/translations-raw huggingface dataset:
In an oral dose-ranging study in rabbits, alitretinoin induced gross malformations at a dose 35 times the topical human dose.
V študiji s peroralnimi odmerki pri kuncih je alitretinoin induciral hude malformacije pri 35-krat večjem odmerku v primerjavi z lokalnim odmerkom pri ljudeh.
If you use more Panretin than you should There has been no experience with overdose of Panretin.
Če ste uporabili večji odmerek zdravila Panretin, kot bi smeli Ni poročil o primerih prevelikega odmerjanja zdravila Panretin gel.
If this seal has been punctured or is not visible when you first open the package, DO NOT USE and return the product to your pharmacy.
Če je tesnilo predrto ali če sploh ni vidno pri prvem odpiranju ovojnine, zdravila NE SMETE UPORABITI.
As for Grade 3 irritation.
Kot pri draženju po stopnji 3.
Place a generous coating of gel over the whole surface of each lesion that you want to treat.
Nanesite zadostno količino gela na celotno površino lezij(e), ki jih (jo) želite zdraviti.
The phototoxicity potential of alitretinoin was assessed based on its chemical properties and data from a battery of in vitro tests.
Fototoksičnost alitretinoina so ocenili na osnovi kemičnih lastnosti ter podatkov iz nabora in vitro testov.
Patients should apply Panretin to cutaneous KS lesions using sufficient gel so as to cover each lesion with a generous coating.
Bolniki nanesejo zdravilo Panretin na kožne KS lezije, in sicer tako, da z zadostno količino gela pokrijejo vsako lezijo z ustrezno plastjo.
On a theoretical basis, no dose adjustment is necessary in patients with renal insufficiency or liver disease, but these patients should be closely monitored and treatment frequency reduced, or withdrawn, if they experience adverse effects.
Na teoretični osnovi ni potrebna prilagoditev odmerka pri bolnikih z ledvično insuficienco ali boleznijo jeter, vsekakor pa je treba zdravljenje teh bolnikov natančno spremljati.
Vehicle N=72
Vehikel N=72
If a complete response of a lesion occurs, no further application of Panretin gel should be made to the responding lesion.
Če se doseže celotni odziv lezije, nadaljnja uporaba zdravila Panretin gel na taki leziji ni več potrebna.
Proper application will leave some gel visible on the surface of the lesion when you are finished.
Pri pravilnem nanosu mora nekaj gela ostati vidnega na površini lezije.
Partial Response (PR) % 34.3
Delni odziv (PR) %
Most patients can continue to use Panretin by altering the number of times a day it is applied.
Večina bolnikov lahko nadaljuje z uporabo zdravila Panretin gel s prilagojenim številom dnevnih nanosov zdravila.
Not for application to the eyes or mucous membranes.
Ni primerno za nanos v oči ali na sluznice.
The range and frequency of detection of quantifiable plasma 9-cis-retinoic acid concentrations in patients with KS applying the medicinal product to up to 64 lesions were comparable to respective values in untreated patients.
Obseg in pogostost odkritja merljive koncentracije 9-cis-retinoidne kisline v plazmi pri KS bolnikih, ki jim je bilo zdravilo nanešeno na do 64 lezij, sta bila primerljiva z zadevnimi vrednostmi pri bolnikih, ki se niso zdravili.
For those lesions that have shown a decrease in height and/or area by week 12, applications may be continued providing that there is continued improvement or at least maintenance of the response and that the product continues to be tolerated.
Uporaba zdravila se lahko podaljša za lezije, pri katerih se je pokazalo zmanjšanje po višini oz. površini do 12. tedna pod pogojem, da se pokaže nadaljnje izboljšanje oz. vsaj ohranitev odziva ter da bolnik zdravilo še naprej prenaša.
Haemorrhage (bleeding at or around lesions), Oedema (oedema, swelling, inflammation), Peripheral oedema
Žilne bolezni hemoragija (krvavitev na mestu lezije ali okrog nje), edem (edem, oteklina, vnetje), periferni edem flebitis, bolezni ožilja
The gel must be allowed to dry for three to five minutes before covering with clothing.
Preden se izpostavljeni deli kože pokrijejo z oblačili, se mora gel sušiti tri do pet minut.
Precautions to be taken before handling or administering the medicinal product Patients should wash their hands before and after applications; it is not necessary to wear gloves.
Varnostni ukrepi pred rokovanjem z zdravilom ali njegovim nanosom Pred in po nanosu naj si bolniki umijejo roke.
AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma is infrequent in women.
Kaposijev sarkom kot posledica AIDS je redek pojav pri ženskah.
Medicinal product subject to restricted medical prescription (See Annex I: Summary of Product Characteristics, section 4.2)
Izdaja zdravila je le na recept s posebnim režimom (glejte Prilogo I: Povzetek glavnih značilnosti zdravila, poglavje 4.2).
With continued application of Panretin redness and irritation may increase and swelling at the site of the application may develop.
Z nadaljnjo uporabo zdravila Panretin gel se lahko pordelost in draženje kože povečata ter se razvijejo otekline na mestu aplikacije.
The following side effects have been noted on the skin where Panretin has been applied:
Opazili so sledeče neželene učinke na delih kože, na katere je bilo naneseno zdravilo Panretin gel:
If you have any further questions on the use of this medicine, ask your doctor or pharmacist
Če imate dodatna vprašanja o uporabi zdravila, se posvetujte z zdravnikom ali s farmacevtom.
There are no data regarding the efficacy of Panretin gel when applied to complicated lesions (e.g., when lymphoedema is present).
Ni podatkov oučinkovitosti zdravila Panretin gel pri nanosu na komplicirane lezije (npr.v prisotnosti limfedema).
You do not need to rub the gel into the lesion.
Ni potrebno, da gel na lezijo nanesete z vtiranjem.
Care should be taken not to bring your baby into contact with areas of your skin treated recently with Panretin.
Bodite posebej pozorni, da vaš otrok ne pride v stik z deli kože, ki ste jih pravkar zdravili z zdravilom Panretin gel.
Vehicle (N=72)
Vehikel (N=72)
lips, vagina, tip of the penis, rectum, or anus.
glavica penisa, rektum ali anus.
Very common (can occur in more than 1 in 10 patients treated): Rash, scaling, irritation, redness Cracking, scabbing, crusting, draining, oozing Pain, burning, soreness
Zelo pogosto (ki se lahko pojavijo pri več kot enem od 10 zdravljenih bolnikov): Izpuščaji, luskavica, draženje, pordelost
Do not breast-feed your baby while you are using Panretin.
Ne dojite svojega otroka če uporabite zdravilo Panretin gel.
Orally administered retinoids have been associated with congenital abnormalities.
Retinoidi, ki jih dajemo peroralno, so povezani s prirojenimi nepravilnostmi.
Driving and using machines Panretin is unlikely to affect your ability to drive or use machines.
Vpliv na sposobnost upravljanja vozil in strojev Le malo verjetno je, da bi zdravilo Panretin gel vplivalo na sposobnost vožnje ali upravljanja s stroji.
3 = Severe
3 = Hudo
Stinging, tingling
Otekline, vnetje
Panretin gel is for cutaneous use and is unlikely to have an effect on the ability to drive and use machines.
Zdravilo Panretin gel je namenjeno uporabi na koži in nima ali ima le zanemarljiv vpliv na sposobnost vožnje in upravljanja strojev.
It is unlikely that the undesirable systemic side effects associated with oral retinoids will be observed with the use of Panretin gel because the range and frequency of quantifiable 9-cis-retinoic acid plasma levels concentrations after application of the medicinal product were comparable to the range and frequency of quantifiable plasma concentrations of circulating, naturally occurring 9-cis-retinoic acid in untreated individuals.
Malo verjetno je, da se neželeni sistemski stranski učinki, povezani z oralnimi retinoidi, opazijo tudi pri uporabi zdravila Panretin gel, ker sta bila obseg in pogostost merljive koncentracije 9-cis-retinoidne kisline v plazmi po aplikaciji zdravila primerljiva z obsegom in pogostostjo merljive koncentracije 9-cis-retinoidne kisline, ki kroži in se naravno pojavlja pri posameznikih, ki se ne zdravijo.
Alitretinoin was studied for genotoxic potential using the Ames test, the in vivo mouse micronucleus assay, the chromosomal aberration test in human lymphocytes, and the CHO cell mutation test.
Genotoksični potencial alitretinoina so raziskali z Ames-ovim testom, in vivo mikronukleus testom na miših, testom kromosomske aberacije pri človeških limfocitih, ter CHO testom mutacije celic.
Women of child-bearing potential must use a reliable form of contraception during treatment with Panretin gel (see section 4.6) and until one month after cessation of treatment.
Plodne ženske morajo v času zdravljenja kot tudi en mesec po prenehanju zdravljenja z zdravilom Panretin gel (glejte poglavje 4.6) uporabljati učinkovito kontracepcijsko sredstvo.
Occlusive dressings should be avoided.
Tesno prilegajoča se oblačila niso primerna.
To open for the first time, use the pointed portion of the cap to puncture the metal safety seal.
Za prvo odpiranje morate s koničastim delom pokrovčka preluknjati kovinsko varnostno tesnilo na tubi.
Plasma concentrations of 9-cis-retinoic acid were evaluated during clinical studies in patients with cutaneous lesions of AIDS-related KS after repeated multiple-daily dose application of Panretin gel for up to 60 weeks.
V kliničnih študijah z bolniki s kožnimi lezijami, ki so nastale zaradi KS povezanega z AIDS, so določili koncentracijo 9-cis-retinoidne kisline v plazmi, in sicer po ponavljajoči se večkratni dnevni aplikaciji zdravila Panretin gel za čas do 60 dni.
The side effects are most likely to appear at the site where Panretin was applied and typically begins as redness.
Neželeni učinki se večinoma pojavijo na delih kože, na katere ste nanesli zdravilo Panretin gel ter se običajno začnejo s pordelostjo kože.
Name and address of the manufacturer responsible for batch release
Ime in naslov izdelovalca, odgovornega za sproščanje serije Eisai Manufacturing Limited
There were no biologically relevant haematology differences or serum chemistry differences after the 14-day period.
LDL v serumu je bil zvišan tako pri skupinah moških kot žensk na 29. dan. Ni bilo biološko relevantnih hematoloških sprememb ali kemičnih sprememb seruma v obdobju po 14 dneh.
Bleeding
Krvavenje
This dose in rabbits resulted in plasma concentrations more than 60 times the highest observed plasma concentration in patients with KS following topical application of Panretin gel.
Ta odmerek je pri kuncih povzročil 60-krat višjo koncentracijo v plazmi v primerjavi z najvišjo opaženo koncentracijo v plazmi pri bolnikih s KS po lokalni aplikaciji zdravila Panretin gel.
Sometimes it is necessary to interrupt treatment, your doctor will inform you about this.
Včasih pa je potrebno zdravljenje prekiniti.
Vehicle N=134
Vehikel N=134
Panretin gel can be expected to have local therapeutic effects only and it has no role in the prevention or treatment of visceral KS.
Zdravilo Panretin gel nima vloge pri preprečevanju ali zdravljenju visceralnega KS.
In rabbits, alitretinoin was shown to be teratogenic at a dose which resulted in plasma concentrations about 60 times the highest observed plasma concentration in male patients with KS following topical application of the gel.
Pri kuncih se je alitretinoin pokazal kot teratogen pri odmerkih, pri katerih je bila koncentracija v plazmi 60-krat višja od najvišje opažene koncentracije v plazmi pri moških bolnikih po lokalni uporabi gela.
However, the mutagenic potential has been evaluated, and alitretinoin has tested negative in the Ames test, the in vivo mouse micronucleus assay, the chromosomal aberration test in human lymphocytes, and the CHO cell mutation test.
Analizirali so mutageni potencial alitretinoina, ki se je v Amesovem testu, in vitro mikronukleus testu pri miših, testu kromosomske aberacije pri človeških limfocitih ter CHO testu o mutaciji celic, izkazal kot negativen.
AIDSrelated Kaposi's sarcoma is infrequent in this population.
Kaposijev sarkom kot posledica AIDS je redek pojav pri tej skupini bolnikov.
- A mild soap is recommended when bathing or showering.
- Za kopanje ali prhanje priporočamo uporabo blagega mila.
Adverse events associated with the use of Panretin gel in AIDS-related KS occurred almost exclusively at the site of application.
Neželeni učinki, povezani z uporabo zdravila Panretin gel pri KS, ki je posledica AIDS, so se domala vedno pojavili samo na mestu nanosa.
Table 2 Adjustment guidelines for treatment-limiting toxicity LOCAL DERMAL IRRITATION
Razpredelnica 2 Smernice za prilagoditev odmerjanja pri toksičnosti, ki omejuje zdravljenje LOKALNO DRAŽENJE KOŽE (opredeljeno po razpredelnici 1)
Vehicle (N=134)
Vehikel (N=134)
Pharmacokinetic studies indicate that the range and frequency of detection of quantifiable 9-cis-retinoic acid plasma concentrations in patients with KS after application of the medicinal product were comparable to the range and frequency of detection of quantifiable plasma concentrations of circulating, naturally-occurring 9-cis-retinoic acid in untreated individuals (see section 5.2).
S farmakokinetičnimi raziskavami so ugotovili, da sta obseg in pogostost odkritja merljive koncentracije 9-cis-retinoidne kisline v plazmi pri KS bolnikih po nanosu zdravila primerljivi z obsegom in pogostostjo merljive koncentracije 9-cis-retinoidne kisline v obtoku v plazmi, ki se naravno pojavi pri nezdravljenih posameznikih (glejte poglavje 5.2).
Skin ulcer, Serous drainage, Exfoliative dermatitis (flaking, peeling, desquamation, exfoliation), Skin discoloration (brown discoloration, surrounding hyperpigmentation, paler), Dry skin
kožne razjede, izločanje serozne tekočine, eksfoliativni dermatitis (luščenje kože, lupljenje, deskvamacija, eksfoliacija), sprememba barve kože (sprememba barve v rjavo, obrobna hiperpigmentacija, bledica kože), suha koža celulitis, vezikularni izpuščaj, makulopapularni izpuščaj, alergijska reakcija
Adverse events include verbatim terms in parentheses.
V oklepajih so navedbe za neželene učinke z dobesednimi izrazi.
- Avoid scratching the treated areas.
- Ne praskajte se po zdravljenih delih kože.
Common (can occur in less than 1 in 10 but in more than 1 in 100 patients treated): Flaking, peeling, dry skin
Pogosto (ki se lahko pojavijo pri manj kot enem od 10, toda pri več kot enem od 100 zdravljenih bolnikov):
Skin disorder (cracking, scab, crusting, excoriation, drainage, oozing), Rash (erythema, redness, scaling, irritation, dermatitis), Pruritus (itching, pruritus)
Bolezni kože in podkožja kožne motnje (pokanje kože, kraste, krastavost, odrgnine, izločanje tekočine, izcedki), izpuščaji (eritem, pordelost, luskavica, draženje, vnetje kože), pruritus (srbenje, pruritus)
Alitretinoin may cause harm to the foetus.
Alitretinoin lahko škodljivo vpliva na razvoj zarodka.
It is not known whether this medicinal product is excreted in human milk.
Ni znano, ali se alitretinoin izloča preko materinega mleka.
You need to avoid applying the gel to the healthy skin around the lesion.
Preprečite nanos gela na zdravo kožo okoli lezije.
It is supplied in a multi-use 60 g epoxy-lined aluminium tube.
Je na razpolago v aluminijasti tubi z epoksi prevleko za večkratno uporabo.
Progressive Disease %
Progresivna bolezen % 14,9
Panretin gel is supplied in a multi-use 60 g epoxy-lined aluminium tube.
Zdravilo Panretin gel je na razpolago v aluminijasti tubi z epoksi prevleko za večkratno uporabo.
Table 5 Index/indicator lesion 1 responses within patients during the first 12 weeks on study in initial blinded phase Patients with given number of index/indicator lesion responses (CCR or PR) Study 1
Bolniki z dano številko indeksa/indikatorja za odziv lezij (CCR ali PR) Študija 1
Apply Panretin to your KS lesions using a clean finger.
S čistim prstom nanesite zdravilo Panretin gel na KS lezije.
What is in this leaflet:
Kaj vsebuj navodilo
The dermal toxicity typically begins as erythema; with continued application of Panretin gel erythema may increase and oedema may develop.
Pri nadaljnji uporabi zdravila Panretin gel se lahko eritem poveča in se razvije edem.
In this latter group, the range and frequency of detection of quantifiable 9-cis-retinoic acid plasma concentrations in patients with KS after application of the medicinal product were comparable to the range and frequency of detection of quantifiable plasma concentrations of circulating, naturally-occurring 9-cis-retinoic acid in untreated individuals.
V zadnji sta bila obseg in pogostost odkritja merljive koncentracije 9-cis-retinoidne kisline v plazmi pri bolnikih s KS po dajanju zdravila primerljiva z obsegom in pogostostjo odkritja merljive koncentracije 9-cis-retinoidne kisline v plazmi, ki se naravno pojavlja pri nezdravljenih posameznikih.
The patient response rate was evaluated using the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) criteria for lesion response in KS. Study 1 included an open-label phase, in which patients themselves elected to enroll.
Stopnjo odziva pri bolnikih so analiziraliz merili za odziv lezij pri KS Skupine kliničnih študij za AIDS (ACTG).
- Avoid showering, bathing, or swimming for at least three hours after any application.
- Po vsakem nanosu se morate za najmanj tri ure odpovedati prhanju, kopanju in plavanju.
It is recommended that you should not eat more vitamin A in your diet than the amount suggested by your doctor.
Uporaba zdravila Panretin skupaj s hrano in pijačo Priporočamo, da ne zaužijete količine vitamina A skupaj s hrano, ki bi bila večja od tiste, ki vam jo je svetoval zdravnik.
No gross malformations were observed following oral administration to rabbits of doses 12 times the human topical dose (which resulted in plasma concentrations 60 times the highest observed plasma concentration in patients with KS following topical application of the gel).
Neposredno po peroralnem dajanju kuncem z 12-krat večjim odmerkom v primerjavi z lokalnim odmerkom pri ljudeh (ki je povzročil 60-krat višjo koncentracijo v plazmi v primerjavi z najvišjo opaženo koncentracijo v plazmi pri bolnikih s KS po lokalni uporabi gela) niso opazili močnih nepravilnosti.
- Women of child-bearing age must use an effective method of birth control while using Panretin, and for one month after finishing treatment.
- Plodne ženske si morajo tako v času uporabe kot tudi en mesec po prenehanju uporabe zdravila Panretin gel zagotoviti učinkovito kontracepcijsko sredstvo.
A MANUFACTURING AUTHORISATION HOLDER RESPONSIBLE FOR BATCH RELEASE
A IMETNIK DOVOLJENJA ZA IZDELAVO ZDRAVILA, ODGOVOREN ZA SPROŠČANJE SERIJE
Care should be taken not to bring the neonate into skin contact with areas to which Panretin has been recently applied.
Posebna pozornost je potrebna, da novorojenec s svojo kožo ne pride v stik s predeli kože bolnika(-ce), na katere je bilo pred kratkim naneseno zdravilo Panretin gel.
What Panretin contains - The active substance is alitretinoin.
- Učinkovina je alitretinoin.
1 = Mild
1 = Blago
NUMBER(S) IN THE COMMUNITY REGISTER OF MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
POSTOPEK IN POT(I) UPORABE ZDRAVILA
• You may need to reduce the number of daily applications, or stop using Panretin for a short while, if you develop unwanted skin effects.
• Če se razvijejo neželeni kožni znaki morate morda zmanjšati število dnevnih nanosov zdravila
What Panretin looks like and contents of the pack Panretin is a clear yellow gel.
Zdravilo Panretin je prozoren gel rumene barve.
The use of other topical products on Panretin treated KS lesions should be avoided.
Na KS lezijah, zdravljenih z zdravilom Panretin, se je treba izogibati uporabi drugih izdelkov za lokalno uporabo.
How to store Panretin
Shranjevanje zdravila Panretin
Clear yellow gel.
Gel Prozoren, rumen gel
(see section 5.3).
navedeno v poglavju 6.1.
However, patients must be cautioned to minimise exposure of treated areas to sunlight or other ultraviolet (UV) light.
V kliničnih raziskavah sicer niso poročali o občutljivosti za svetlobo v povezavi z uporabo zdravila Panretin gel, vendar je bolnike potrebno opozoriti, naj zmanjšajo izpostavljenost zdravljenih predelov kože sončni svetlobi ali drugi ultravijolični (UV) svetlobi (glejte poglavje 5.3)
The use of other topical products on treated KS lesions should be avoided.
Izogibajte se nanosu drugih lokalnih pripravkov na zdravljene KS lezije.
PARTICULARS TO APPEAR ON THE OUTER PACKAGING AND THE IMMEDIATE PACKAGING
Izgled zdravila Panretin in vsebina pakiranja
Hydroxypropylcellulose Butylhydroxytoluene
6.1 Seznam pomožnih snovi etanol makrogol 400 hidroksopropilceluloza butilhidroksitoluen
Vascular disorders
Otekle bezgavke
Alitretinoin was shown to have a weak potential to be a photo-irritant based on histidine and photoprotein binding.
Zaradi vezanja na histidin in fotoprotein ima alitretinoin le nizek potencial za draženje zaradi svetlobe.
Your doctor can give you more information.
O tem vas bo obvestil zdravnik.
EXPIRY DATE
Mosquito Way
Care must be taken to avoid application of the gel to normal skin surrounding the lesions.
Posebna pozornost je potrebna pri nanosu gela, saj se le-ta ne sme nanesti na zdravo kožo ob leziji.
- Mineral oil may be used between Panretin applications in order to help prevent excessive dryness or itching.
- Med posameznim nanašanjem zdravila Panretin gel lahko uporabite mineralno olje.
This overview was last updated in November 2018.
Povzetek je bil nazadnje posodobljen novembra 2018.
Further information on Isemid can be found on the Agency's website: ema.europa.eu/ medicines/veterinary/EPAR/isemid.
Nadaljnje informacije o zdravilu Isemid so na voljo na spletni strani agencije: ema.europa.eu/ medicines/veterinary/EPAR/isemid.
This medicine may also cause hypersensitivity (allergic) reactions.
To zdravilo lahko povzroči tudi preobčutljivostne (alergijske) reakcije.
The dose is then reduced and adjusted according the dog's response.
Odmerek se nato zmanjša in prilagodi glede na odziv psa.
Isemid received a marketing authorisation valid throughout the EU on 09/01/2019.
Zdravilo Isemid je pridobilo dovoljenje za promet, veljavno po vsej Evropski uniji, 09/01/2019.
The European Medicines Agency decided that Isemid's benefits are greater than its risks and it can be authorised for use in the EU.
Evropska agencija za zdravila je zaključila, da so koristi zdravila Isemid večje od z njim povezanih tveganj in da se lahko odobri za uporabo v EU.
Other information about Isemid
Druge informacije o zdravilu Isemid
The tablet can be given with food or directly into the mouth if the dog does not take it easily.
Tableto se lahko daje skupaj s hrano ali neposredno v usta, če jo pes vzame s težavo.
It works by increasing the loss of water and salt in the urine.
Deluje tako, da poveča izločanje vode in soli z urinom.
It is given once daily and the starting dose depends on bodyweight.
Daje se enkrat na dan, začetni odmerek pa je odvisen od telesne mase.
Isemid must not be given at the same time as other diuretics which work in the same way as torasemide.
Zdravilo Isemid se ne sme dajati hkrati z drugimi diuretiki, ki delujejo na enak način kot torasemid.
The usual dose is 0.13 to 0.25 mg torasemide per kg bodyweight once daily.
Običajni odmerek je od 0,13 do 0,25 mg torasemida na kilogram telesne mase enkrat na dan.
This may be increased for up to 5 days to a maximum of 0.4 mg per kg bodyweight once daily in dogs with moderate to severe fluid retention in the lungs.
To se lahko poveča za največ 5 dni do največ 0,4 mg na kilogram telesne mase enkrat na dan pri psih z zmernim do hudim zastajanjem tekočine v pljučih.
The most common side effects with Isemid (which may affect more than 1 in 10 animals) are poor function of the kidneys, alterations in blood tests measuring kidney function, haemoconcentration (increase in the concentration of red blood cells circulating in the blood), and changes in electrolyte (salt) levels (chloride, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium and calcium).
Najpogostejši neželeni učinki zdravila Isemid (ki lahko prizadenejo več kot 1 od 10 živali) so slabo delovanje ledvic, spremembe krvnih testov merjenja delovanja ledvic, hemokoncentracija (povečanje koncentracije rdečih krvnih celic v obtoku v krvi) in spremembe ravni elektrolitov (soli) (klorida, natrija, kalija, fosforja, magnezija in kalcija).